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why don't heavier people naturally have more muscle definition from carrying around extra weight?
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They do have more muscle, it's generally restricted to their legs. Look at a lot of people who used to be fat and then got in shape, calves of God himself I swear.
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Why does my car only have 5 forward gears?
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Automotive engineer here, though electrical, I will clear up a few things. The reasons you might not have/want more forward gears is a combination of cost, complexity, and most important weight. There is a point of diminishing returns, where the extra weight will hurt your economy more than the extra gear would help your efficiency. Now for the optimal drive cycle. Accelerating should be done quickly. An engine is most efficient at making power at WOT . You should shift when you are nearing the end of the power band and that the next gear will just be entering it. At speed, you should avoid braking at all costs, this is wasted energy. Even with a hybird and regenerative braking it is best to just not slow down. Look ahead of you, if you know you have to slow down, let the vehicle coast. Also, at high speeds the biggest thing fighting you is aero, the air you have to displace as you move. Given the nature of fluid dynamics, the faster you go, the more air you have to displace, at a ^3 rate. So you will need much more power to go 80mph vs 70mph. For a not good, but best analogy I can think of. On a bicycle, you have a preferred rpm that you want to pedal. This is your most efficient way of making power. You shift gears when you are either pedalling slower or faster than the goal rpm. Though a bike can have more gears because a sprocket's weight is minimal and doesn't change the complexity of the system.
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If alpha and beta particles are respectively helium nuclei and electron why are they dangerous?
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Another dangerous thing about alpha particles is that helium *nuclei* are super reactive. A helium *atom* with two electrons is very happy and stable, but a helium *nucleus* without any electrons is very energetically unhappy and will forcibly rip two electrons off of almost anything else it touches . This is bad if the electrons it stole happened to be doing something important like holding together the molecular machinery that keeps your body running. This is also one of the reasons why in order for alpha particles to be really dangerous, they have to be produced from a source *inside* your body. If the source is, say, somewhere in the room, they just rip electrons off the outer layer of your skin, or even the air in the room, and that basically doesn't do anything harmful to you. If they're generated *inside* your body, they're much more likely to hit something important before they settle down.
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How possible is it to have a helicarrier (like the one from Marvel's Avengers) and how would it work or why wouldn't it?
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Nothing about the idea fundamentally violates the laws of physics, but it'd have to be huge. Like, impracticably huge. Like, the size of a smallish country huge. Helicopters are a really, really, *really* inefficient way to fly. Lifting something the mass of an aircraft carrier would take a rotor area about the size of Texas.A chinook helicopter can lift 50,000 pounds with two 60 foot rotors. A Nimitz class aircraft carrier weighs 102,000 tons so you would need to have over 8000 rotors in order to get it airborne. So, no, not really feasible.
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Why do some people put slashes in their 7's & Z's?
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To not confuse them with 1's and 2's. Some put slashes through their 0's to differentiate from O as well.
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Why can't my $199 laptop play stutter-free 1080p if my $30 Chromecast can play the same media just fine?
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In a $199 laptop, you are guaranteed that every component is of the shittiest possible quality. Just don't expect much.
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When did we start giving kids sugar for breakfast and why?
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I don't know if it's true that children ate fat and protein for breakfast. Maybe wealthy children, but for most, it was whatever the local carbohydrate was. Corn, rice, wheat, millet, whatever. Usually a gruel, sometimes a bread of some sort. Of course, that was probably whole grain for most of history.
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Why do mirrors look like they have depth while screens (computer, tv, etc.) just look flat?
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It's because each one of your eyes is receiving a different image, while a screen shows the same image to both eyes. Try this experiment on a mirror: Put an object in front of you between the mirror and yourself, then close your left eye, look at the object's reflection through the mirror, then close the other eye and do the same. As you have seen, the object was rotated accordingly to each eye which your brain interprets as depth, if the image was coming from a screen both of your eyes would've seen the same image and your brain would interpret as an image in a plane.Because when you look at a mirror, you are looking from two points and seeing two slightly different images. When you look at a monitor, you are looking from two different points, but seeing the exact same image. Basically, what your right and left eye sees in the mirror are two slightly different images. 3DMirrors: Extreme graphics, low budget, repetitive gameplay. 7/10 IGN
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Keto. What is it? Is there scientific evidence for it? Should everyone do it?
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> Should everyone do it? No, the world hasn't enough sustainable resources for us all to eat mainly fat and protein. Carbs are much more efficient to produce. Animal fat from grain-fed animals uses about ten times as much resources compared to getting the same calories from carbs made from grain. Before the keto fans arrive - yes I eat bacon, no I'm not vegan./r/keto links to [this article] in its sidebar. It does a good job of explaining the diet. Also, read the stuff in the sidebar at /r/keto for more information.Former ketoer here. It works well if you're just trying to lose weight and I don't really have any gripes about it from a health perspective. However, if you're in shape and are working towards a goal in the gym, i.e. getting stronger at a lift, training for a marathon, whatever, then YOU NEED CARBS. They really help with performance and recovery and low carb diets just don't support that. For anyone who answers and says I'm low carb and x% body fat and yada yada yada, I'd challenge you to let me change your diet for a month. You'd be amazed what a few carbs would do.
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How much of humanity's creation accounts for Earth's mass?
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Pretty much none of it. One way of looking at it is to consider a globe with accurate raised mountains. But in fact, if such a globe were the size of a china teacup, it would be smoother than the cup. So our structures are as nothing. OTOH, our pollution can affect the thin layer of life on the surface, and that's important to all of us.
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On very tall buildings (100+floors) how does usable water get to the very top and how much resource does it take to get one gallon up that high?
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In response to your edit- in my experience, if the pumps don't work, nothing works. I was stuck in a hotel during the big blackout in NYC, and the sinks, tubs, and toilets were all non-functional. I felt really, really bad for the cleaning staff who had to go through the whole building after that. We were kind of lucky though- the guy running our hotel was awesome and did his best to make people comfortable. Some of the hotels were kicking people out because they didn't want to deal with all the headaches.
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Do cell phone companies limit/throttle data because there actually is a bandwidth shortage, or is it a cash grab?
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There is no doubt that the US has some of the highest cell phone/data charges in the world. Verizon are currently advertising 5GB for $55/mo , whereas in the UK I can get 5GB on Vodaphone for £17/mo , which is less than $14. There is definitely a cash grab going on somewhere. Whether it is specifically in the area of data limits I don't know. Seems like the general cost of plans is just gargantuan.
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How does the United States Profit from War?
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It's not the nation that profits. It's not the taxpayers that profit. Its not the soldiers that profit. Companies that get contracts with the US government are the ones that profit. Let's say I sell bullets and missiles. If the US isn't at war, they don't need to buy them or buy that many. If the US is at war, they have to buy them because they are using them and I can get rich by landing a contract to sell the government that equipment. Additionally, because I'm making so much money, I can use some of that money to donate to the campaigns of congressmen or representatives that may have some influence on whether or not we go to war or who gets what contracts . You may think, this is wrong! This can't be legal! But it totally happens. This doesn't just happen with ammunition and weapons. It can happen with electrical generators, construction projects, anything that can be contracted. A friend of mine who served two tours in Iraq said the electrical generators for their camps were owned by a company connected to the Cheney family, the then US Vice President. The soldiers in the camp were not trained to nor allowed to repair the generators. Instead they had to call the company that maintained them for repair, and that company was getting paid by the government. Are you interested in sitting in the desert, in the safety of a base? At one point you could make over 100k for a 1 year contract with a 1 month vacation in the middle, and all you had to do was harass soldiers about how many rounds of ammunition they had and keep a checklist. If you're making that much money, imagine the company paying you got 300k+ to land the contract and create that job.
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Why Do People Fear Darkness?
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It's a combination between sensory deprivation and our imaginations. Because you cannot see, you cannot verify that your imagination is nothing more than a figment of your mind. Thus you think about it more, and you get afraid. That said, humans have sufficiently high cognitive abilities to ignore this fear and tell ourselves it is irrational.People fear what they can not see. And we now have the ability, with technology to transform the environment around us thus we have grown accustom to being able to always see. With time someone would get used to more darknessbecause they cant see what is going on around them
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Couldn't a poor country just add money to their government?
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Inflation! Imagine a country with only 2 people in it. Person A has 10$ in his wallet.Person B has one apple. Imagine these are all the goods and money there are in this country . Naturally, the apple would sell for 10$. Because the apple represents 100% of the goods available, it sells for 100% of the money. Now say that this country starts printing money. The new situation is: Person A has 50$ in his wallet.Person B has one apple. Suddenly, person A has 500% more money. But since there is still only one apple , the apple would now cost 50$! Now apply this to a modern country, that has a limited amout of resources but can also print money if it wants.A country is only as rich or poor as their ability to produce. "Money" is a representation of the countries total production capability. The total money in circulation is dived into that total production capability. Adding more money, devalues each addition. Let's say a country has $1M production capability. They have 100,000 "Sheckles" in circulation. Each "sheckle" is worth about $10 . If you added an additional 100,000 sheckles, without increasing the production capability, the value of each sheckle would be haved . More money in the system doesn't equate to more valueGermany tried that in the end it was cheaper to burn the paper money by the thousands instead of going out and buy coal or wood. It was do bad children played and build stuff with stacks of worthless money. A loaf of bread could cost thousands or millions of Reichsmark.
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Why does wine give such wicked hangovers?
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In addition to any chemical composition reasonings, you might not have a good sense of the relative alcohol density of wine in comparison to beer or liquor. Each bottle has approximately 7.5 standard drinks , thus drinking two bottles is the equivalent of 15 cans of beer or 1 oz. shots. That's a lot of alcohol, my friend. You should consider taking milk thistle, an excellent herb for rebuilding liver cells.
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Surely music is mixed in the studio, so why does it sound better when I use a preset EQ?
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Yes they have, but to what they deem to be *nice* which might differ from your definition. Besides, while the track may be perfectly mastered and rendered correctly in studio, your equipment may not be perfect to produce it perfectly i.e. sonic errors/attenuations in frequencies at the DAC; earphones etc., and that causes a detrimental effect on the track when it's played at home. EQ-ing yourself perceivably adjusts for those shortfalls to make it sound better all again.
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How do the people who run bets on sports make money? How do they protect themselves if too many people make a high reward bet and it wins?
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Same as a casino, generally. The number of people who lose is almost always greater than the number who win. Then there's 'the odds.' Betting on the team most likely to win gives a much smaller payout than betting on an unlikely team.
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How can headphones make us feel surrounded by sound instead of just coming from left or right?
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It's just the way we hear things. We only have two ears, our brain combines and compares the information from both of them to determine where a sound is coming from.
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Why does Apple have aps you never use and can't delete
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Because they can. I keep stocks newsstand and game center in a folder called iCrap. I like Apple Maps and use it regularly. The ones I don't use take up very little space.My big question is why does Contacts have it's own app. It's entirely redundant, exactly the same as the Contacts panel in the Phone "app"', "Because:* sometime they are needed by other applications. * sometimes it's because of a commercial agreement* sometimes it's because it's part of their strategy But always because it is their product so they can.
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Why aren't there organisms that live on the sun, eat fire, and drink heat? In other words why does there need to be water for life?
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Conditions for life have to be optimal to allow a series of very complex chemical reactions to occur. The kind of chemical reactions that can occur on the surface of a star, if any, are very limited. You can't have any complex chemical chains that exist in several thousands of degrees. Water is essential not just because of the water itself, but anywhere where there is liquid water likely has both relatively mild and stable conditions that are optimal for allowing complex chemical reactions to occur. It's not *essential* but it's ideal because most chemical reactions related to life require conditions that usually allow liquid water to exist.
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Why do humans need to use toilet paper but animals like dogs don't?
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Humans don't need toilet paper if we sh*t in the correct position ass to grass squat will leave your bunghole clear and free to release those freedom fighters with collateral damage!
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Why are automatic transmissions in cars unpopular in the U.K.?
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They're unpopular everywhere *except* the US, by a huge margin, so that might be a better question to ask. Personally, I find driving an automatic is boring and uninvolved and if I'm going to spend that much time and money in/on a car it's not worth it if I don't enjoy driving it. There's also the problem of only knowing how to drive automatic. I'd hate not being able to just jump in any car in emergencies/ borrowing a friends car and know that I could drive it. It seems like most people with automatics wouldn't be able to. *If that's the OP going through and downvoting everyone who says they prefer manuals, that's probably not a great way to get answers for your question.*
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What the blue light with orange shield does at the Dentist?
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Perfect answers, though OP, why didn't you just ask the dentist?", 'That "gun" is a UV light source gun.When dentist need a quick hardening he uses a " UV-gun " for faster hardening.Orange shield block's UV reflection which came outta your mouth.
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Why below sea level areas of New Orleans were resettled after Katrina
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This is a big country. Surely there's somewhere else to live, that isn't a death trap during a storm. Am I missing something?", 'That what I am screaming .it has actually been resettled other times in the past.
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If we can build a functional hard drive in minecraft- is it theoretically possible to build a computer within minecraft that could build minecraft?
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Sure, once you have something complex enough to build a [Turing Machine], it's only a small jump to a Universial Turing Machine. Once you have a UTM, you can perform any calculation that could be performed by any computer. but it'll be slow as fuck and far too complicated to actually build by hand.There is a name for this. It's called "Turing complete" which, generally speaking, means it can do anything a general purpose computer can do. Minecraft with redstone is Turing complete, so can do anything your computer can do, including running Minecraft.It's been done. I'm on a phone, so remind me in a few hours to get the video. Remind me!
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Why doesn't Wikileaks simply start a new site to avoid D.O.S. attacks?
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They have done this. You can see a load of mirrors [here]. It looks like they're all being hit by the DoS attack.
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If graphene is so great, why isn't it be used in anything?
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It's great, just not cost-effective right now. That's why you see all sorts of cool things in laboratories, but nothing has actually reached the store shelves yet. Kind of like solar panels; they are really nice in theory, but still very expensive and kinda hard to set up for the average consumer.
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How does anesthesia work and is a person rendered asleep or unconscious?
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Kinda disturbingly, we don't know exactly. There's been countless theories, ranging from merely dulling our senses, to essentially rendering us brain dead, as u/GhostCheese Mentioned. All we know is that it works. Somehow.
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If a mosquito sticks his "needle" into someone with AIDS, then into someone who doesn't have AIDS, why doesn't the second person not get AIDS as well?
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HIV, the cause of AIDS, is a very delicate virus. It can't survive in a mosquito. Other blood borne illnesses can, not all, but some.
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why don't we have artificial livers and kidneys yet?
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We may have them one day, or we may be able to create them using stem cells, but currently we can't build our own nor grow them organically. As others have said, they're incredibly complex little organs, too complex to be made artificially as yet.years from now? after we *really* figure out stem cells perhaps? probably. but there you go, technology issueThey are too complex to replicate at the moment. The chemical processes carried out by the liver and kidneys are much more costly to study too. We may also find that we completely skip mechatronic implantable organs and just reproduce real organs from stem cells or something like that.The Liver and Kidney pair do a lot, but their primary purpose is as a filter. We don't have the technology for an implantable filter that leaves in the blood parts that we want and removes both contaminants and good things in too high a concentration.
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Why does my jaw feel tingly when I eat sweet things
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You're not alone, happens to me with cheesecake, I cannot eat cheesecake for this specific reason I don't know why!?!?!?
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What's with people eating so much during hangover mornings?
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It really depends on the type of hangover it is. If you're feeling nauseous and are puking a lot then you probably won't be eating much. Although it often does help to eat something to settle your stomach. If you're just feeling drained, have a headache or are lamenting the decisions you made or the things you said when drunk then all you want is some comfort food to get you through the day. Add to this the fact that your tastebuds are probably a bit fucked from a night of drinking heavily and possibly smoking cigarettes then you're going to want something that has strong flavours.
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Why do I feel happier when anticipating something than actually experiencing it?
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Behavioral economic studies say that we should space out the good things in our lives. IE, if I'm going to get a bunch of new furniture, I should get the couch, wait a few months, get the arm chair, wait several more months, etc.
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what triglycerides are and why having them too high is bad.
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Triglyceride are long chains of carbon molecules that, when burned, release TONS of energy. In this sense they are largest the energy reserve for the body. Energy storage is good for our bodies, but remember too much of a good thing isn't always good. Below are separate explanations for why triglycerides are bad. Excess triglycerides are known to be main cause of diabetes type II. When your fat cells start to store too much, your body realizes that there's something wrong. Your own immune system detects this and start attaching to these fat cells. They start releasing signals to tell your fat cells to release more triglycerides into the blood stream. These fats can go through the body and signal your muscles to take up the fats instead of glucose . This causes too much glucose build up in your blood, and that in itself causes more stress on the body. Fats are also involved in the development of plaques in the blood vessels. See, your body uses molecules called VLDL molecules to transport fats from your fat cells to your muscle. Cholesterol is packaged into the mix because it likes to come for the ride. This in itself is normal for your body, but when your blood starts to have too many of these molecules, chances are some of them are going to be damaged - kind of like in traffic you're always going to have car accidents. Well, this isn't good for your body so your immune system like to clear up the mess. They'll come in and swallow up these VLDL molecules. This is also a normal function of your body, but if there are too much of these happening, the immune cells start to get messed up and foam. These are called foam cells, and they start attaching to the wall of your blood vessels. This causes your blood vessels to harden and that increases your blood pressure and makes you more likely to undergo an accident.
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Can the police arrest you for refusing to answer their questions, at what point can you legal resist?
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> Is it an arrestable offense alone to buy cigarettes on the black market The police can arrest you if they have probable cause to believe you were committing a crime. Buying black market cigarettes is a crime. Police have the discretion whether to arrest or simply confiscate and issue a ticket, but that is a matter of policy, not law. An officer would have legal authority to arrest in that situation. Also, be aware it is not always clear to you if the officer has probable cause. If you match the description of someone fleeing a crime, you might be certain you didn't do anything, but the officer is still justified in arresting you. > simply refusing to comply to the officers demands? If they have probable cause, but were going to ticket you, refusing to comply might change their mind. > It is when men of any color refuse these types of directions that instantly flips to resisting arrest, especially once the police put their hands on you and you try to flee or wiggle lose This is very true. I have no doubt that police make unlawful arrests all the time, but you have no way of knowing whether your particular arrest is one of them. Even if the arrest is minor, they can use force, and once that happens, you have the risk of accidents and escalation. > We need Public Service Announcements That is not a bad idea.
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Listerine kills bacteria in my mouth, but I know it's not killing 100%. Aren't I genetically engineering superbug bad breath bacteria by using it?
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If you fire bomb a city, you kill 99% of the population. The survivors aren't going to start having fire proof offspring anytime soon.We 've been using alcohol as a sterilizing agent for a very long time. You using Listerine isn't going to push it any faster. It would be like saying "we keep shooting people with bullets, aren't we potentially creating humans that are bulletproof?" I believe it has to do with the mechanism by which alcohol destroys their cells. It would have to be an incredibly different organism to resist alcoholNo, Listerine is an antiseptic composed mainly of ethanol which kills bacteria by protein denaturation and dissolving the lipid membrane. The bacteria that lives in your mouth has no way to counteract this, there are no resistant strains. Ethanol dissolves the bacteria from the outside-in. I'm not saying it's impossible for bacteria to acquire resistance to antiseptics, these bacteria exist and have a big thick "shell" surrounding them, but this would be completely incompatible with it's function of living in your mouth . You may be wondering now why antiseptic doesn't kill your own cells, the ones lining the mucous in your mouth. In fact, they do. When antiseptic is applied to the skin your cells are protected by the keratin layer lying on top of your skin. When applied to mucous in the mouth the antiseptic can penetrate easier into your tissue , that's why the concentration of antiseptic in Listerine is a lot lower than that of antiseptics you would use on your skin. Also, if you leave Listerine in your mouth for more than a few seconds it starts to burn, that's the antiseptic starting to damage your cells.Actually, Listerine doesn't kill that many bacteria. The alcohol concentration isn't high enough and you don't hold it in your mouth long enough for it to do anything really. It's been engineered so that it starts to sting a little bit after swishing it around and, therefore, you think its working. We tested it and a few other products in my microbiology lab.
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Scientifically, what is happening as we die? Are we any closer to stopping/reversing/slowing down the process?
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You just don't exist anymore. It's like the billions of years before you were born. Death is like falling asleep or going under anesthesia.I think like this: i will feel in death what i felt before birth - not a goddam thing.If it makes you feel any better, you're probably tripping balls as you go._URL_3_
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Why do I sleep less when I go to sleep drunk, and why do I have so much energy the whole next day?
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I'd like to know the answer to this too. It happens to me. Its not because your young. I'm 32
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If the earth rotates at an angle, why are summers at the poles not boiling hot?
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Because the angle isn't that extreme. The poles are still very far away from the areas closest to the sun during the rotation.
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If earwax is meant to protect our inner ear, why do we remove it?
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because sometimes a big clump of it breaks loose and everyone sounds like robots until you flush it out best to clean it out before then source: my girlfriend's relatives all sounded like robot at Christmas turned out to be stray earwax
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why you can instantly watch HD movies and shows through cable television without buffering or latency, but it takes time to simply load a picture on the internet.
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It's the difference between buying a large, already-made pizza, or ordering a personal pizza that has to be baked for you. The ready-made pizza might be bigger, but it's already ready for you. The people who want to give you your pizza have been making them constantly to give their hungry customers, and you don't have to wait to get it, you just need to pick it up. The personal pizza is smaller, and takes less time to make than the large pizza, but you have to wait for it to be made after your order it. In other words, they are already broadcasting constantly to you, you just have to choose to accept the download. But they have to go retrieve the file and download it to you if it's an image. I apologize if I understand broadcasting/downloading incorrectly.
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What would happen to you if you jump into a deep pool of boiling hot metal like this guy? [NSFW]
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You'd float on top of the metal while being horrifically burnt to death. The heat in the air would scorch the inside of your lungs.
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How do fiber optics work? Why can light enter but not exit? Are there any practical applications of this technology?
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A cool practical application that hasn't been mention is the outer segment of the photoreceptors in your eye form a tiny fiber optic system. By limiting the angle of light that each receptor will accept, it improves the performance of the retina.
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The concept of taking your shirt off before a fight
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1. Keeps it clean and undamaged 2. Keeps your opponent from using it as a weapon against you. 3. If the fight lasts long enough you will become slippery and be harder to hold onto. You can use someone's shirt to choke them out. If it is a button up shirt and you pull it over their head it is very difficult for them to escape.I think it has to do with blood or dirt getting onto it. At least this might have been the reason at the beginning. And exposing muscles, similarly as animals try to look superior by showing their muscles/horns/colorful parts etc. Or to start a romantic gay scene. To each his own.It's done to prevent your opponent from having something to pull over your head and leave you unable to see. A tactic used regularly in hockey fights.
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If HIV can be spread through body fluids, why can't it be spread through saliva?
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There is an imbalance of salt within HIV virions and infected cells compared to the outside environment, which is saliva. This salt imbalance causes water to rush into infected cells and virions and make them explode. A second factor is proteins in the saliva that eat the outside of virions. One of these enzymes is called lysozyme, and it eats the sugars that cover the virion. Without these sugars, the virion cannot infect new cells. HIV is actually a pretty fragile virus, and there are a lot of things that destroy it. Even with high-risk sexual behaviors, HIV is only transmitted maybe 1-2% of the time. With additional barriers in place in the form of saliva, this low chance becomes so low that it's never been reported to happen. Of course, there's always a chance, as with most things in biology.
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Which is more of a drain: 2 a/c units which are meant to cover 100m each covering 400m or having 4 a/c units?
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It may seem like the amount of energy would be the same, but with 4 units you've increased inefficiencies like bearing and compressor friction. Furthermore, with 4 units cycling, each time they turn on they've got to run for a few minutes before they reach full efficiency as the gas pressurizes and the ductwork is cooled back down.If you can afford it get a split system with one shared outside unit. Also get one with an inverter, those can adjust the compressor to match the cooling demand instead of just cycling on and off. Its more efficient, quieter and feels better. How many indoor units to get depends on the layout of your house. A few things to keep in mind: - cold air moves downwards, so if you have a wide open staircase the upstairs units will help the downstairs ones but not the other way around. - The more evenly the cold air is distributed the better you will tolerate a temperature that is a few degrees higher compared to a place that has some warm and some cool spots. - insulation is your friend, not just for the winter
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With the invention of the automobile, how were the masses taught how to drive?
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Mostly by running into trees and ditches. Certainly not by colliding with other cars. There weren't enough of them.When my grandfather bought his first car he was shown how to start it and how to use the accelerator by the salesman. It was only after he was in motion that it occurred to him that no mention of how to slow or stop it had been made.We weren't. To this day, most people don't know how to drive. They just aim.
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How do we know what it will feel to touch something? Even things we never touched before?
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Associative Memory. It's the same as being able to tell what type of food is around by just smelling. Your brain catalogs everything you touch, see, smell, taste, etc. and afterwords you able to know what suede feels like without touching it. It comes from your memory banks.
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How does the situation in the Gaza strip affect the United States?
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At this juncture, things haven't developed to the point of ELI5, so I cannot provide you with that kind of answer. On the Diane Rehm show, during the international hour, several journalists remarked on the situation. Here is a link where you can listen to the show: _URL_0_
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If dogs can't recognize themselves in a mirror, why don't all dogs react to mirrors as they would an unfamiliar dog?
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My dog growled at herself the first time I showed her herself in the mirror, didn't react the second time. I think that dogs are smart enough to learn what mirrors are and how they work.
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The reason for why these simple paintings were sold for millions.
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1) They were the first ones to do it2) It's an expression of emotion rendered visually3) Gesture and the use of chance tap into your unconscious 4) To make you think about what you're looking at5) Art.
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Why do file sharing sites allow ads with misleading "DOWNLOAD" buttons?
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I've never understood this either. The ads don't make me come back to the website after misleading me. Downloading an executable file is definitely making me steer clear of the site if I accidentally click on it, too. I think OP might be asking why in the sense I'd be asking. It only drives people away from your site.
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Why does the antibiotic I'm taking, liquefy my feces?
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Antibiotics don't discriminate; they attack *all* bacteria. There is a lot of *beneficial* bacteria in your digestive tract. Antibiotics are weakening those, too. Your doctor *should* have told you to compensate for this by eating a bunch of yogurt or anything else with probiotics, or taking probiotic supplements.
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What causes random fleeting aches or pains in the human body?
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The [endocrine system] is our body's chemically based control system. It works by sending chemicals through our blood to make changes down to the very smallest molecular level. It can be slow to react as these chemicals travel all over our body but only as fast as our blood can carry them. When the chemical gets to where it is going it might just tell part of the body to make another chemical to change something else. That thing that needs changing might be the one that started it creating a feedback loop. It is all very complicated and it's a wonder it works with any reliability at all. So when your chest or lungs feel uncomfortable it may be your kidney gland not telling your body to swap potassium for salt. It may get there. It might be temporary discomfort until the feedback loop fixes the imbalance. Or it may not.
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Why is nepotism viewed negatively but getting a job through "connections" encouraged?
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Depends on the people in question. It isn't as maligned in some countries, and it might be influenced by their degree of inbreeding. _URL_0_ _URL_1_ And one might not hear of it much where it is maligned, for e.g. Bill Gates's mother was rather influential in his success. ", 'Nepotism is only viewed unfavorably by fools. Life is hard, and you should use every single edge you can to get ahead. The other guy is.
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How to correctly use an equalizer.
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So every single comment has spoken about what an EQ is or does but not how to use it. In a room or car it's all taste. You could do all this pink noise stuff but chances are you're not doing anything heavy enough that this would be important. My roommate had the bass on his stereo way past what was balanced but that was how he liked to listen to music. In a mix what you need to think about is that the way you hear different instruments at different times is because they have a different timbre. If you made a recording of your mom and her sister talking at the same time you could easily tell them apart because they each have a different timbre to their voice. So in a mix how does this play out? Well instead of two women perhaps it's the kick on a drum set and the bass guitar which are close in pitch. What an EQ can be used for is focusing the differences in the timbres to make the two sources sound more different and therefore easier to hear at the same time. This is when the chart up top comes into play. If the kick is super punchy maybe it needs more around 2.5kHz. So what we'll do is actually turn down 2.5kHz on the bass track. And perhaps the bass has a lot of great meat around 250Hz, so we cut 250Hz on the kick. Now each instrument has their own place on the frequency spectrum. Using EQs across an entire mix can get tricky but luckily there are all sorts of tools to help us hear tracks independently that we can use. Happy mixing!
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What exactly is social security? And why does it matter that it wont be there when I'm retired
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Social security is a government program where they take a portion of your paycheck and, when you reach a certain age, they give you a regular payment, ostensibly to live on. A lot of people are a little miffed at the idea that it might be gone when they retire, because they'll pay into it for years or decades and get nothing out of it.
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Why do most Americans seem to be suspicious of the federal government?
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First, I think I'd call it skepticism at its best, and suspicion at its worst. But this skepticism about federalism and the balance between states' rights and central government is something that has always been part of the fabric of American society. This started with the founding of the country, when Americans kicked out the centralized government of England, which they believed was out of touch and taxing them unfairly while not providing services and representation in government. This feeling is carried on in many US states even today, but instead of being skeptical of the king of England, this skepticism is directed toward the President and Congress. Another factor here is the vastness of the US. Someone in Hawaii, Montana, and Connecticut are going to have very different priorities. They might want a different direction for the federal government than one another. A cattle rancher in Wyoming and a graphic artist in New York city are living different lives. So the cattle rancher bristles when he has to swallow something that the graphic artist might enjoy, and vice versa. That makes it hard to reach consensus, so many Americans, perhaps rightly, see the federal government as a place of contention and not consensus, and don't believe the central government is capable of making a real positive impact on people's lives.
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If the probability of landing on any one space on a monopoly board is equal, why do people land on Boardwalk much much less frequently?
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There are ways that you get sent somewhere other than what you roll, which is why the chance of landing on each square isn't equal. There are a lot of ways to get sent to jail, so the spaces roughly 6 to 15 spaces after jail are the most commonly landed on. There are also Chance and Community Chest cards that send you somewhere.
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why do super morbidly obese (400+lbs) people not have super strong muscles?
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They often are surprisingly muscular under the fat. It's evidenced by the fact that if these people do lose weight, they tend to lose far more muscle mass with that weight loss than you'd expect looking at them.Had a couple of fat friends that played college football. So they were very mobile and athletic but still fat. One time one of them lost like 100lbs after his playing days were over. So he went from being 5’10”, 300lbs and strong to around 200 lbs. The guy wasn’t ripped per say but you could tell he was built like a tank.You often find that, once they've shed a few pounds, very fat people can put up a lot of weight in the gym, more than a slimmer beginner. They've been lifting more weight naturally all their life.
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Why do camera angles change so fast in action films?
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If you move the camera around a lot, it creates the illusion of more action and movement. Look at [this scene from the new Star Wars trailer]. It looks like there's a lot going on, right? Now [look at it with the camera motion removed] - it's not really as exciting anymore.
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What happens when you add extra blood into the body(same blood type) even if you don't need any?
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The practice is/was common in sport, coming to light with Lance Armstrong's doping scandal. You can read about the effects of blood doping here: _URL_0_
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Who were the Aryans? From where did Hitler's idea of this race's superiority stem?
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Iranians are the nation of true Aryans. I'm not sure where the blond hair and blue eyes theme came in. Has anyone seen that episode of it's always sunny in Philadelphia with the hitler painting?
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Why do so many humans have an innate fear of the dark?
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Oh, I don't see this one on here so I'll throw this out as well. Our eyes have cones and rods, which see colour and light/dark. In low light levels we lose the ability to see colour due to the energy of the photons not being strong enough to activate the right nerve endings. The light level can still be enough to see with the light/dark nerves though. The weird way our eyes are put together leads to our Rods having a wider peripheral vision than the Cones. In daylight we rely more on the Cones because the colour information means more from a ripe/not ripe food source point. What this means is that in low light, we can focus a ton more on things in the 'corners' of our vision. This is unsettling because now we're focusing on simple movements, but everything looks like it's jiggling a lot more. Maybe like one of those ATWEY's sneaking up on us.
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Why did Bush and Cheney not testify under oath to the 9/11 commission?
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Suppose that they were asked a question that revealed secondary classified information - that would then become a matter of public knowledge. Think of it like this - you're a politician accused of murder when you are innocent. Your lawyer advises you to take the 5th because your alibi is that you were at a strip club when the murder happened. Even though testifying that you were at a strip club exonerates you, you have now admitted something secret about your personal life that probably should have stayed secret
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Why don't electric utility companies put their power lines underground so storms don't knock out power?
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I moved into a brand new development. No ugly wires in the air, nothing to worry about. It's great! Though it's really not. Once you leave our development, the wire comes out from the ground and shoots up a pole. So if something happens to that pole or transformer, guess what happens? Power is out in the new development.
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What happens after Chinese students go to college in the US, then return to China with knowledge of events like Tiananmen Square?
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The events of Tiananmen Square, along with many other events and revolts, are well known within China, it's simply oppressed. As you seem to be aware, public media is state controlled. But you can't stop people from talking, and talk they do. Chinese know there is unrest and disobedience in their country, though, they might not know many of the details. That is all to say, while they may learn more freely about China's political climate more freely outside China, it shouldn't be a shocker that shit's going on. What they do with this knowledge is up to them. I speculate it simply encourages further civil disobedience and underground dissemination of news and political knowledge.
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Why NASA is building a new rocket instead of re-using the Saturn V design.
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One main reason for the design of a new launch vehicle is the advanced manufacturing and materials available today. This coupled with the redesign of some critical components such as the F1 engine will make many of the subsystems compile with much fewer parts and higher precision. All of this will make the SLS a much better rocket for the cost than any redo of the Saturn V. Also the ability to add strap-on boosters to increase thrust will make it so the SLS heavy will be able to lift at least 250,000 Lbs of payload. The block II may even get strap-n F1B's to increase thrust even further at a lower development cost. Things are looking up for space access for the US in the next 10 years.
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Why the NFL doesn't create brand new teams for LA and Las Vegas instead of moving existing franchises?
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Major sports franchises rarely add teams, and when they do, it's because the number of cities that can support their teams has increased. The leagues keep the number of teams at a number *below* the number of cities that can support them intentionally. Why? Because it gives the teams leverage with the city when it comes to things like stadium construction and rights. When there are always cities that are able and willing to support a team, the team has leverage with the city by threatening to move. If the league expands the number of teams, that leverage goes down, and that's something the team owners don't want. And the team owners *are* the league.
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Why people are against stem cell research
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People think that it's unnatural, and that scientists are playing God. They gets cells from fetuses and the organisms they create with stem cells can get horrible mutations and painfully die.
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what is the unspoken bond between smokers where you can ask a stranger for a cigarette and 95% of the time they'll give you one?
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Kind of the same bond with pot smokers n' joints although alcoholics, they're more 50/50 with the sharing.
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How is it that the sun's gravity is strong enough to hold planets like Jupiter in orbit but doesn't suck in smaller planets like Mercury and Venus?
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It's also helpful to know that the planets have an effect on the sun's orbit as well; within the suns rotation it orbits a small amount, smaller than its radius. The amount that it moves in comparison to its radius is just a fraction however and that's why we don't hear about the sun's orbit.
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Why can't countries with lots of zeros on their currencies just knock off some zeros to make their cash easier to handle?
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Countries can do this and have done this. Mostly it's a big hassle though, because they have to basically reprint a new currency and/or come up with some sort of scheme of before and after currency change dates. Then there's the hassle of updating all the financial markets and adjusting any long term deals etc. It can be done but the cost outweighs the benefits. The once you're done, if your inflation rate is ridiculously high you'd be back in the same boat pretty quickly anyway. So most countries probably say why bother.They did it in Mexico in the early 90's. At the time it was about 3000 Mexican Pesos to the dollar - over the course of a couple years they replaced the coins and bills with Nuevos Pesos - new pesos - that dropped the zeros so it was 3 New Pesos to the dollar. - Note: the Mexican government combined this with an intentional devaluation and so from 1992 to 1996 it went from 3 pesos to the dollar to 8 pesos to the dollar. Lots of families lost their savings and interest rates went nuts. The seemingly convenient "adjustment" was camouflage for ripping off the national economy on a massive scaleHappens. Venezuela did it with Bolivar..it was called Bolivar fuerte when it was done.Your title complaint is about the number zeros, but all your specific complaints seems to about the size of the maximum denomination. Those are two different things, and mostly independent. If they knocked off 3 zeros but still had the maximum denomination be 50,000, now 50 in new currency, what would have changed? Whether you spell it with four zeros or one zero, either way it is about $17, which is pretty close the $20 bill, the work horse of the US paper currency. And the ATM maximum you give is about $250, which is a common ATM max in the US. Diddling the zeros wouldn't change that.
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What happens to the money in a cash register at the end of the day?
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It gets counted, then put in the safe. The next day it will go to the bank. Source: Ex Mc'Ds closing manager.
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How did old civilizations deal with fish and nut allergies?
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They just died. Adrenaline shots weren't exactly commonplace. The concept of washing your hands was only invented roughly 500 years ago. Before then, people just died of illness a ton and that was how life was. If someone broke out in hives and stopped breathing after eating peanuts, it was probably safe to assume that the peanuts were poisoned or something.
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How are commercials cost-effective to a company? Has anyone ever seen a comercial and thought, "Wow! I'm going to go buy that."
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Marketing/Advertising is all about making sure that when its time to make a purchase, your product/service/company is part of the equation. Two forces in any market are competition within the market, and the threat of substitutes. Through marketing and advertising, companies can try to lessen the impact those forces have on their marketshare and bottom line. Take Coca-Cola for example. Their flagship product, Coke, is one of thousands if not millions of the non-alcoholic beverages available to consumers. When you're thirsty, Coke isn't just competing against Pepsi - they're competing against every beverage available to you at your point of purchase. In order to make sure that when you are getting a beverage Coke or one of their other products is what comes to your mind first or is at least near the top of your list CocaCola spends in the neighborhood of $3 Billion per year on advertising. They don't expect you to see their commercial or magazine ad, or corporate sponsorship badge and go buy their product; they want you to associate their product with good things and various situations and therefore make you more likely to purchase Coke instead of Pepsi, or Mountain Dew, or FIJI Water, or Snapple.. etc.
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Why is human head-hair so long compared to other primates? Is it purely visual or is there another reason?
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i've heard that long hair that looks healthy throughout is indicative of individual fitness over a long period of time rather than just the immediate present.
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Is bad eyesight caused by staring at the television for too long or it's just a myth?
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I had perfect eyesight until I started my current desk job where I am sat in front of a screen for 8 hours a day. My eyesight has deteriorated over the past 2 years so rapidly it's hard to believe.these are the issues people are finding out about VR headsets. Staring at a screen thats a few inches in front of your eyes for hours on end. _URL_7_Here is an interesting Ted Talk that mostly involves your brains reaction to video games but gets into the eyesight thing as well. Lots of other have already pointed it that eye sight worsening is mostly a myth, but this expands on that a bit and actually theorizes that action games can IMPROVE your eyesight in the sense that your brain learns to work with your eyes to process smaller details much faster. _URL_8_', "The latest research *suggests* that myopia is partly caused by too much time indoors, not exposed to sunlight, and not looking at things a great distance away. Of course, staring at the television occurs indoors, but other than that, I don't think there is any direct known link. Some of what I'm saying is described here: _URL_9_", 'Since I got my smartphone and started using it / reading / surfing / watching youtube and whatnot, my vision has become noticeable less sharp . I dont think the prolonged fixation of a nearby surface is healthy for the eyes. :", 'iirc it's a mix of eyestrain, possibly encouraging nearsightedness, and the kind of lazy eye effect you get from that "cover one eye" hairstyle because it's static so you're weakening your eye muscles with atrophy', "Ask prisoners who's eyesight degrades significantly because they're almost always staring at a wall that's at best 6ft away. Its not the device, it's the distance and time spent looking at something so close.
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Why is Congress allowed to take so many breaks, many of which last weeks at a time?
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> Every day this bill doesn't pass it affects 3.5 million unemployed folks. How is this allowed? Congress doesn't have to pass any laws at all. In fact the most recent congress has passed one of the fewest in recent history. There's no reason to think that if they were in congress more often they would pass this specific bill. They might just discard it sooner.The Congress is required to meet on the first Monday of December but other than that they have the ultimate authority to dictate their own schedule.
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Why does NASA use russian capsules instead of making their own capsules?
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I don't understand how you could be informed enough to ask that question but not know the answer lol", 'The ISS is a joint venture. While NASA was working on the Space Shuttle, they did not develop any new single use capsule tech. After the cancellation of the shuttle program, the Russian soyuz design was the only reliable capsule available.Russia has the only capsule available right now to get to the space station. The US is building several capsules but they aren't ready yet. If NASA is fully funded there could be US capsules as soon as 2017.NASA did not have a replacement vehicle ready for when the Space Shuttle program ended, and Russia is the only other country with a vehicle that can dock with the ISSThey are developing their own. It has already had an unmanned test flight. It probably works as is but they need more tests before they can trust it. _URL_0_Congress refuses to fund NASA, as these old, shitty politicians see no benefit from space exploration. Never mind that there have been countless technological benefits.
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Why is the use of tear gas prohibited in war, but acceptable for the use in riot control?
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You are confusing the nonlethal tear gas with chemical weapons, which are banned by the Geneva Protocol. While both reffer to gases, there is a profound difference. Tear gas is an alternative to hiring more riot control and bying more nightclubs. The most potent gases will drop any human animal with respiratory system dead is 2-3 seconds. Those however have a very short half-life and are expensive to produce and almost impossible to store. That's why most militaries go for the less deadly and far more messy.
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How did the Native Americans advance technologically so much slower than Europeans?
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Necessity is the mother of invention. If I had to hazard a guess, they didn't have a need for all that tech. They got by fine with what they had. Along with fundamental core values, such as you can't own the land, so why fight over it and have need for a bigger gun than the next guy to take from them? While some tribes killed their enemies, from what I understand most just took over the village and incorporated the peoples. Much like the Saracens/Arabs/Nomads pre-Islam. Where 'war' was almost more of a sport than a need to go and kill and rape. A seasoned bowman could out shoot a musketeer and with better accuracy. The weapons were cheaper and easier to make, and they did just fine for security and hunting. It wasn't until the French, Spanish and English landed and claimed and raped everything did the Northern Natives start having a need for M1A1 tanks and Browning .30 cal machine guns for protection.
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Why is it illegal to sleep in your car?
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It's typically not. A lot of people pull over at rest areas on the highway to sleep in their cars.
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Why what this woman says is ridiculous (I'm not very good with computers).
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This is to be expected from modern television. The writing is aimed at the lowest common denominator. It's part of the incessant dumbing down of society. Intelligence is a bad thing these days, the people that watch these programme are idiots. People aren't used to an environment where excellence is expected.Am I the only person who finds "gooee" for GUI weird? I always pronounced it as if it were an initialism, not an acronym. Do people out there pronounce OS like the land of Oz?', "It's hilariously wrong to anyone who knows anything but sounds about right for people who don't. It's a win/win.
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How do young people from places like Europe and Australia afford to travel extensively not work?
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I'm from the UK and moved to Australia when I was 21, I tried the whole backpacking and traveling thing, not my cup of tea, so I settled in Melbourne and got a job. I met loads of people who were doing exactly as you described 'chilling out, partying and not working' they call it living the dream. What I learnt was, they don't tell anyone that they are living off $2 noodles and toast, drinking cheap boxed wine before hey go and party. They then don't buy another drink all night and go back to their cheap hostel and repeat tomorrow. This roughly equates to 40-45 australian dollars a day, that's for them to eat, drink and sleep. At the current exchange rate that is around £20. Let's say the average wage in the UK is £300 a week that equates to 15 days of living the dream! Most of these people are young, lived with parents and had no finiacial outgoings, saving pretty much all of their weekly wage. That's how I have seen it done anyway. I could be completely wrong and this could be a minority!!
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What causes some people to be heavier sleepers than others?
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I think part of it is predisposition and part of it is learned. I used to be able to sleep through anything. Now, I can prepare myself prior to falling asleep to be a light sleeper. If I'm in an unfamiliar place, care about where I'm going the next day, or just don't want to sleep too long, I can prep myself without the obligatory use of external solutions. For example, an external solution would be sleeping with the light on, as I'm guaranteed to wake up earlier.
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What happened to MySpace and why?
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Honestly, I think what happened is that people loved Facebook's streamlined service, and Facebook had what MySpace didn't: smooth, functional design, no custom-backgrounds, music, etc. that broke your browser and crashed your computer. Facebook felt like an adult version of MySpace, thus it seemed like the better place to be social. Edit: Grammar.
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Are GM crops/food as bad as many people seem to think they are?
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There are concerns about them, such as their engineered genomes getting beyond their intended ranges . However, the possibility of risks is still an area that requires more study and information. That they increase yield is certainly beneficial, assuming that yield doesn't come with 'terrible death!' At this point, my personal opinion is that the weight of evidence is positive, but that further study is certainly warranted. The technology is too new to just assume rainbows, but similarly, the evidence is too lacking to assume stormclouds.
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Why is there so much more debate over the Syria situation than there was over Libya?
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Khaddafi had such a long and documented track record of lawbreaking that no one seriously doubted the world would be a better place without him in it. Compare and contrast: many people wonder whether this chemical weapons business is for real, and apart from that, there's not much to hang on Assad-- he's just fighting to preserve his country against insurgents. That's not automatically a war crime. Assad may have ordered, or allowed, this chemical weapons attack to go on, and if so, I don't personally oppose wrecking his military to provide an object lesson to other combatants. He's no Saddam Hussein or Khaddafi though.
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Why do some shots hurt more than others?
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One reason is sharpness of the needle. Sometimes, the medical professional sticks the needle into a vial of fluid, fills the syringe, then sticks the needle into you. But the act of sticking the needle into the vial dulls the needle. So you can really feel it when you are injected . Needles are so thin and delicate that just one use makes that kind of difference. But there's a different type of needle, too. With that, the medical person sticks the needle into a syringe, then pulls the needle out, and snaps off the needle and puts on a new needle onto the syringe. When you have a fresh needle, it's so sharp that you barely feel it when it goes into your arm.
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Why do men almost always get the short end of the stick during divorces?
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The law doesn't explicitly favor women, but it does support the lower earner in the relationship, which is more often the woman. If one person is the primary source of income in the family, that person will be made to pay the other some amount of money that keeps the other person's lifestyle about the same. The intent of the laws here is to protect someone from making it through most of life without acquiring any marketable skills, and then entering poverty when the arrangement ends.
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The "You are a white male" thing. What's the point and why some people say that?
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It's just meant as a reminder to look at issues from multiple perspectives. We form our beliefs based on our own life experiences. As a result, we are less equipped to understand things which we have not personally experienced. This is extremely relevant when talking about race. A black person does not understand what it is like to be white as well as a white person does, and vice versa. Thus, it is important for everyone to keep an open mind in discussions of things like race and gender, because all groups experience similar situations in different ways.
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How is it legal to be charged for something you did not consent to buy?
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You can negotiate the bill with the hospital, if you don't have insurance to cover the costs. Insurance companies routinely negotiate significantly reduced costs, and so can regular folks.
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why do cars require a 3 point seat belt but airplanes which travel at much higher speeds only use a lap belt?
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Because if the airplane crashes your fucked. It don't matter how many points your seat belt has. Military planes have rear facing seats to improve crash survivability, but your average air commuter dosnt want to face backwards while flying. The lap belt is just there to keep you in your seat in the case of a rough landing or heavy turbulance.
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Is it good for a computer to be cold temperatured?
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As long as it doesn't cause moisture to condense, then it is absolutely better for your computer to be colder. Electronics lifetime gets a lot shorter the warmer it runs at. Keeping something 20 C colder will quadruple its expected lifetime. Error rates are also lower, and you can run at lower voltages. There is a thermal cutoff where semiconductors stop working on the cold end. But this temperature is roughly around liquid helium , so you will never need to worry about that for all practical purposes.
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Is it true dogs don't experience time the same way humans do? If so, how do they test this?
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ostriches stick their head in the ground when frightened" etc. etc. If I leave for 15 minutes and come back, my dog doesn't really react. Just looks at me from wherever she's laying down. If I leave for 5-6 hours and come back, she's way more excited when I come back. And then of course you have all those videos of war veterans returning home to their dog going absolutely apeshit with excitement. I'm fairly certain they do have a sense of time, might be slightly different than ours, but they do seem to be aware of the passage of time in the same way we are.Dogs have less of a capacity for what's called Episodic Memory. This means that they don't remember specific events to the degree that we do. Instead, they rely on conditioned response to tell them how to act in different situations. The human capacity for Episodic Memory is linked to our ability to abstract through language. There have been a few cases of people who were born deaf and grew to their adolescence without learning any method of communication who then learned sign language. They describe their way of being prior to having access to language in this way.
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Suggestion: give simple answers, but skip the cutesy-wutesy candyland babytalk. These aren't real 5 year olds.
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I was just going to make a post about this. Are we trying to find ways to actually explain it to a 5 year old, or are people coming from other ask subreddits looking for a more layman answer? If its the former, I'm out, if its the latter I like it. I can give an explanation and if the OP isn't satisfied I can dumb it down one more level. If I have to take out all words over 5 letters and use an analogy for everything then it's a waste of time.Exactly. I think these people need to realize that the reason this subreddit was created was so people would have a place to go if they wanted to GET SIMPLE EXPLANATIONSI 've been saying the same thing. It's often counter-productive. I genuinely come here to *learn stuff*. In bite-sized portions I can actually remember. It might have started as a joke but this subreddit has the chance to be so much more. And whenever I see responses starting with "Let's use our imaginations and pretend that Sally has a hundred Willy Wonka Super Dee-Dilly-Licious Candy Bars " I just facepalm out of thread because I can't handle 5 paragraphs of that shit .Completely agree, but then you'll have a reply to every answer complaining it isn't a dumb enough answer. This shit pisses me off to no end! I think we need a new subreddit with a different title, because some people take this name shit way too seriously!
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Why isn't there a good defense for companies against DDOS attacks?
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Billy down the road. He keeps calling your phone, even though you are waiting for a call from Sally. Sally can't call because Billy keeps calling back using a couple phones. You never pick up the phone, but you still keep getting calls from him.
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Why is Einstein so much more famous than any other scientist in human history?
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His work in general relativity is one of the pillars of modern science. The mass-energy equation is one of the most important equations in our modern world, because it explains how nuclear reactions can produce energy without violating the conservation of mass. He's also easily recognizable both by name and by appearance, which makes him easy to represent all scientists He is by no means the only extremely famous scientist - Sir Isaac Newton is very well known among anyone with a basic science education, not to mention all of the scientists who have a unit or a process named after them or famous scientists in the medical field
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