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How do large sea animals leap so high out of water?
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When you and I jump straight up, we can push ourselves upwards over the span of a few feet if we crouch down first. When a whale or a dolphin jumps, they can start off deep and get a "running start" towards the surface to build up speed. Humans can do this too, but only horizontally, which is why the world record long jump is almost 30 horizontal feet, while the records for standing and running vertical jumps are less than 8 feet.They don't leap so high really. At least not to them on their scale. The beastie begins the jump deep under water where you can't see. It has plenty of time to do a full-on sprinting swim straight towards the surface and all the momentum that comes with it. Even after their blowhole breaches the surface, they can still power on with the tail for an instant or two to keep things moving along. That's an advantage the whale has in a jump compared to you. The whale gets to store energy in the form of momentum, and continue power with the tail while Jumping. You on the other hand basically need to do a dead stop jump using only your muscles. The leap looks impressive to us, but to a whale it is no big deal.
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How it is possible that we haven't ran out of possible melodies in music?
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The total number of possible melodies is finite, so we could theoretically run out of melodies, but it's a very big number. Define how long a sequence of intervals needs to be to be called a "melody". Let's say seven intervals, making the song eight notes long. There are twelve intervals, so 7^12 = 13.8 billion possible songs. However, this assumes every note has the same duration, which they haven't. Let's say you use four different note durations in your song, the number of possible songs is 40 digits long.Most songs are actually quite similar, composed of varying speeds of 4 chords, with different layers on them. Multiply that with the number of new sounds/instrument's/genres and you have an exponential number of sounds you can create. Watch axis of awesomes 4 chords:_URL_0_
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The reasoning behind the United States choosing to not ratify the Kyoto Protocol.
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At the time, the US position was that since certain developing countries such as China and India weren't being asked to sacrifice more that the US shouldn't have to sacrifice either.
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What are the rational arguments that would convince average Americans that giving ISPs the right to control internet traffic is a good idea?
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The best arguments I've heard is that if they're allowed to charge certain sites more then they'll be able to use the money to build out extra capacity to handle Netflix's traffic. Which is in theory good But that's not how it would work in practice. There's no incentive for them not to just pocket Netflix's money and slow everyone else down a bit to give Netflix more bandwidth.There is a fairly common idea that the free market will naturally block monopolies and drive the best quality whilst wiping out bad companies. Such idealism applied to ISPs would suggest net neutrality to be detrimentally limiting. Of course there is also a line of thought that regardless of the outcome it is wrong to restrict businesses.
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Why commercial breaks have more volume than the shows on tv?
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By law, in the US at least, TV stations and cable networks are required to play commercials at the 'same average volume' as the programs they accompany. The Commercial Advertisement Loudenss Mitigation Act was passed by Congress early in the decade and the rule has been enforceable by the FCC since 2012. The FCC's [Loud Commercial Information and Enforcement page.]", 'Stations used to turn up the volume of the ads because it was assumed that you would wait until the commercial to grab a drink, snack, etc. This way you could still hear it as you went to the fridgeBecause they originate locally, at least in part, rather than over the network.
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Why can't the weather be predicted with 100% accuracy?
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Greetings from your friendly neighborhood meteorologist: The short answer is chaos. The weather is physics, and the only way you can perfectly predict physical outcomes is if you can be sure of practically everything going INTO them. For example, the rise and set of the sun every day. We know what dictates that, and we know that it's not changing hardly at all. So, simple math means we can tell exactly when it'll come up tomorrow. The weather, though, is affected by a lot more stuff. It's affected by a certain hot spot on the ground, or a volcano erupting, or a jet taking a certain path through the sky. Most of those things have tiny tiny impacts, but they add up, and then that changes the weather a few seconds from now, which changes the weather a few seconds after THAT, and so on. Too many of the things that drive the weather are unpredictable , so the weather itself is unpredictable more than a couple of days in advance.
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why does the Republican Party want less government intervention economically but more government intervention socially (and the opposite for Democrats)? Why isn't there a consistent "more government" party?
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The Republican Party does not, categorically, want more social intervention--it is host to both libertarians and social conservatives, whose views widely differ. Some Democrats, for their part, advocate for some reduced forms of intervention as well , but the party also has a conservative faction. Your view of the parties is a bit too simplistic.remember that in our system, the voters are cut up into 2 parties, the did not naturally split into two groups. Smaller groups that have the same interests get together with other groups that they can work with until they can get 51% of the vote, and the national party platform is an average of the groups it contains. Candidates for president incorporate every element of the party to some degree but the voters are still very different from each other. Since Reagan, the Republicans have been a coalition of: Social Conservatives: who want to impose Christian Right values on the country. Old-School 20th century Republicans: who think government is good, but focus on using it to address economic issues Libertarians: who want more freedoms in general. The Party as a whole has to play somewhat to each of these groups, but that doesn't mean each group likes every aspect of it. Social Conservatives annoy Libertarians with cultural programs, but less than Left-wing culture police would, and since social conservatives are more open to economic freedom, they can be made to get along. Both dislike parts of the other, but understand it is their best option. Don't confuse it for a coherent ideology that everyoen likes, it is an ideology that everyone can agree with parts of, and is willing to live with the rest. On the whole, this political makeup is still true, but it is changing. Libertarians are getting bigger, and Democrats are getting significant Socially Conservative portions of them. Some people do think there will be a new alignment based on authoritarianism vs libertarianism in the next few decades.You started with a false premise. I would suggest researching the differennes between the parties.
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What causes an Ovarian Cyst?
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There's a large number of things that can cause a cyst, which are, simply put, an abnormal sack of fluid that collects and grows. Most ovarian cysts are benign, but they can also arise as a secondary effect from other conditions such as endometriosis. Cysts can also occur from menstruation where the follicle containing the ovum fails to rupture and instead remains swollen on the ovary. An ovarian cyst is a growth its difficult to pin down what exactly caused it without more information. And even then it could still be something as vague as a genetic predisposition to them.
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Can someone explain the differences in tropes and style in romance ( novels, shows, etc.) through different time periods.
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I'm gonna go on a limb here and try to explain part of it. If you look at the beginning of theatre then the Greeks divided it into two categories. They had comedies and tragedies. The comedies were funny and light while the tragedies had sad endings where everything goes to shit, like Oedipus . This is pretty much the recipe until Christianity takes a foothold. Then you have the addition of religious stories, like Jesus being crucified and so forth. When the Enlightenment age comes around and especially in the 1800s art is used a lot for social criticism. Until then painting the wrong picture or doing the wrong play could get you executed by the King. Now artists have a way to criticise poor aspects in society. Much of it is still grim and tragic, but you have a freer concept. After WWII is probably where I think we see the rise of happy endings come more and more. People wanted something positive due to the miseries of the last 30-40 years and they are given it. The fact that capitalism has taken a big hold of especially movies now then you need to push movies that sell. The love thing you mention is simple, it works and people aren't fed up of it yet. That's why it still runs.
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How differences in how we fall asleep affect the quality of said sleep?
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The short answer is the circadian rhythm. When you feel tired is not only determined by how long you have been awake but also by the time of day. Humans have been sleeping at night for a long time, so your brain will usually pick up on clues from the environment, such as darkness, and tell you to go to sleep. So you have two factors playing together: A sort of internal clock, and light-dark cycles. If your sleep habits cause a mismatch between the two you will generally have lower quality sleep. Perhaps you have seen blue light filter apps for phones before. They are meant to filter out blue light in the evening which our brain associates with daylight, supposedly helping you fall asleep more easily if you spend time in front of a screen before going to bed. If you keep animals in complete darkness their sleep cycles will eventually "desynchronize" with the normal day-night cycle because their internal clock is not exactly tuned to it. However, they will still sleep well because there is no light to tell them that it is actually during the day outside.
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please ELI5 ... why is the headrest part of most car's seats designed to be so angled forward?
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Headrests aren't there to rest your head against, but to protect you from whiplash or worse if you're in an accident. When a car decelerates VERY quickly and you are wearing your seat belt, then your arms and upper torso will fly forward very quickly. The three-point seat belt keeps you from flying through the windshield or splattering over the dashboard, but after it catches you, your body snaps backward very quickly. The quickest part to snap backwards is your head. Your body from the shoulders down is caught by the seat itself, but without the "headrest", your head would snap backwards over the seat while the rest of your body stays put. This would be really bad for obvious reasons. The headrest is angled forward so that when your head slams back against it at 60 mph, the headrest compressess, and your head stops when it is more or less over top of your shoulders.Whiplash reduction. The distance between the back of a typical person and the head restraint is called 'back set', and is spelled out in FMVSS 202A. TL;DR : they are not head rests, they are passive head restraints. Source: Wife was a design engineer for head restrains for the largest automotive seating supplier before becoming a powertrain engineer for one of the big 3.I think the head rest is more for whiplash in the event of a car crash. It prevents your neck from being able to go too far backI too am interested. It always hurts my neck/head/back. I just want a straight head rest!
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Where does the color in food go once we consume it?
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Remember when you played with play dough as a kid. If you mixed all the colors up you just end up with a big brown lump?
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Why are the Israelis and Palestinians in a conflict?
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Century? Thousands of years. They trace the fight all the way back to Genesis. God promises Israel to Abraham and Sarah's* descendants. Abraham and his wife are in their 90s. She can't have kids so she tells him to sleep with one of her servants. He does and they have a kid, Ishmael. God says, "No, dummy, I said with your wife." He has a kid, Isaac, with his 95 year old wife. Abraham's inheritance is Israel. Muslims say Ishmael is the heir. Jews/Christians say Isaac is the rightful heir. They 've been fighting over who God gave Israel to for thousands of years. Every Israeli/Palestinian conflict boils down to this. For the conflict in the last hundred years, it goes back to when the Ottoman Empire was broken up and Israel was created again out of nowhere. The Jews had been driven out of Israel at one point, and outsiders gave it back to them. This pissed off lots of Arabs, who are still mad.
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Why do some fruits have pits or seeds with cyanide in them?
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To discourage animals able to digest the seed from eating the seed. In this way it is more likely to have the offspring survive, and thus reproduce themselves.
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Why do cops put white towels on the shoulders of saved victims in crimes scenes on the movies?
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I don't know about white towels, but ambulances have foil heat blankets that are used to treat hypothermia and are also used for shock. One of the symptoms of shock is cold, clammy skin, so presumably these blankets, which can trap body heat, help with that.
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How does one get from observing the present universe to deciding how things must have happened in the past and how things are going to happen in the future?
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I'm guessing you mean Big Bang. There are two big pieces of evidence to support that theory. We look at a galaxy that is some distance away and we see it going away from us. Then we look at a galaxy that is twice the distance, going twice as fast. Then we look at other galaxies and we see that they have the same pattern - almost all are flying away from us and the farther they are, the faster they fly away. Either we are the centre of expansion of all galaxies, or the space is expanding uniformly everywhere . The latter seems like a better answer. If the Universe is expanding, then it used to be small. ---- When we look with our eyes, we see only rainbow of colours. When we look at the night sky, we just see bright dots between nothingness. However, there are devices that see light beyond violet and below red. When we attach them to a telescope and point it at the nothingness, we see it glow. It glows uniformly and in all directions and it's called Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation. The best explanation is that the Universe used to be very small and hot and bright and as it expanded, the light got dimmer and stretched beyond visible colours into microwaves.
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Why do night vision cameras cast a shadow?
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Many night vision cameras use an infrared lamp to illuminate the scene being recorded. You can't see that light, but the camera can. Hth.
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Why is it that the hair on our head grows without a limit, while the rest of the hair on our bodies only grows to a certain length?
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Because your head hair does grow to a limit. It's just a longer limit than the hair elsewhere
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East/West Berlin divide still visible from space due to different lightbulbs
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East Berlin uses sodium vapor lamps for street lighting that look yellowish, West Berlin uses mercury vapor lamps, and those produce blue-ish white light. Both are commonly used for street lighting. Sodium is more efficient, mercury produces a better light spectrum.I'm guessing that the difference is the types of street lights used. Ignoring rare cases, of fluorescent lamp street lights, and gas lamps. Street lights are mercury-vapor & metal-halide, which are the kind used in stadiums, bright white light. Or low-pressure sodium vapor, or high pressure sodium vapor lights. Low-pressure sodium produces a more amber looking light. High pressure sodium lights look more pinkish-orange. As far as I know, all four lights require different types of ballasts/starters, so it's not possible to simply change out the bulb, it would need a whole new ballast, and possibly new fixture. I'd wager because it's expensive to do that, so they just replace the bulbs and ballasts as needed. Eventually I would not be surprised if that changes, and all of the street lights are changed to LED, erasing that visible divide.Follow-up question: how come none of the street light bulbs have burnt out in the last twenty five years?
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How to calculators randomly generate numbers?
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computers and calculators, assumin no input, cannot generte random nunbers. what the do is invoke an algorithm that generates what appears to be a uniform and random series for all purposes. wait long enough and the patter eventully emerges, be it a million digit long.They take the time in microseconds: let's say it is 4:20am, 420 microseconds. So in seconds that is 420. Then they put a certain number to that power*, so 1.23456^420 = 2.72348309 x10^38. Then they take the first digits, and you have your random number: 0.272348309. This will be between 0 and 1, so they multiply it out to get whatever type of random they get . *Note in reality they use a different formula that is unbiased.
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Why do news channels care so much about who breaks the story now? Doesn't the internet make everything break at the same time?
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You want people to watch your channel instead of your competition. If you have a reputation for only getting the story after everyone else, people will be less likely to watch your channel. Sure, the fastest way is to get the info online, but the majority of people who watch news channels do so because they don't want to have to track down the information themselves, but have a news channel do it for them.
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Why does toast bread keep all the cheese in while normal bread lets the cheese ooze out?
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I understand your question. In lots of places in Europe, they have their usual bread, which most of North America would see as fancy bakery bread. It's either a sourdough, a fluffy white loaf or a dark rye. What they call "toast bread" looks what a North American would think of as regular bread. A pre-sliced loaf that comes wrapped up in a plastic bag. Toast bread has a denser structure than the white bread you are used to. Therefore the air pockets are smaller and the cheese can't sink through them. Plus with the denser structure, it can hold the melted cheese better.What is toast bread? As far as I know there is only bread. Once it's toasted then you have toast. Or are there specific breads that are meant for toasting and I missed the memo.
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How is it legal for to pay someone for sex as long as you film it and call it porn, but prostitution is illegal?
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Check [this] out. Basically, "the distinction is that, at least in theory, porn stars are paid to act and prostitutes are paid for sex." Sex is a part of a porn star's 'role\' - you could argue that they're being paid to act, not to have sex specifically, and therefore they're protected under the First Amendment.In the US, pornography is protected by the First Amendment. The people who are making porn are broadcasting a message about sexuality Prostitution is not a form of speech, because it is a transaction between two individuals and not broadcasted to others. Therefore it isn't protected by the First Amendment. That is why it is legal to make a law banning prostitution, but not one banning pornography. You might think this argument seems weak, but the US Supreme Court ruled that it was valid.
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How did the Tupac hologram work ?
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firstly, it wasnt really a "hologram" as we would think of in a science fiction movie or something like that. it is an illusion technique called "pepper's ghost." the wiki entry is pretty good on it:_URL_0_
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Why are ancient ruins underground?
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Not all of them are. Plenty of ancient ruins are above ground. That said, the simply answer is detritus builds up. In old forests you are walking on layers and layers of decomposing leaves. Every year new layers of leaves, wood, mulch and other detritus are added while at the same timethe lower layers slowly decompose into compost and eventually earth. At the same time new life grows on top. In some forests that layer can be meters thick. It's not living material that constantly adds to the surface of the earth. Over the millenia, erosion can wear tall sharp mountain peaks into soft rounded cliffs. That's tons and tons of hard rock worn down into sand to be spread on the wind. In some places like the sahara, structures can disappear under the wind born sand in a matter of months if not cared for. Eventually all is rendered to dust on the wind. That which is not worn down will be buried long before that.
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Why do pictures of far away galaxies appear so crisp and beautiful but recent images of an asteroid near earth is grainy and of poor quality
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The difference is like: * Asteroid looking at a golf ball, at night, located across the street from you. * Galaxy looking at a spot light, at night, pointed at you from a block away.The galaxies are really, really, really, like f-ing huge. They are also quite far away, but as it turn out a 1-mile wide asteroid in our cosmic back yard is smaller from our view than distant galaxies. The galaxies also don't move very much comparatively so we can perform some tricks to get better images, like taking a bunch of pictures and combining them to figure out more details.Galaxies are big and bright and asteroids are small and dark.To add to what people have said, Galaxies don't move as much from our point of view, so we can take a long exposure of them and collect every little bit of light. Those photos you see of galaxies are not what you see when you gaze through a telescope. We use tricks like long exposure, and messing with lighting levels to get a sharp image of a galaxy, which we can't do as well with an asteroid . But don't be fooled into thinking that if you took a powerful telescope and pointed it at a galaxy you'd see the beautiful, crisp, colorized images that circulate the web. A lot of camery and image trickery is used to make those photos.this has been my favorite ELI5 in recent memory.This may help explain: [XKCD: What If?] EDIT: Couldn't edit response on mobile.
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We see meteor showers around the same time every year.I would assume they would come at different dates as we rotate around the sun. How are they predictable?
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They occur when Earth passes through a large collection of space rocks. Since we go around the Sun on a round path that repeats every year, we know we are going to be back in that spot on about the same dateComets leave debris in along their orbits. The earth intersects these orbits at about the same time each year. This also means the meteor shower the year after a comet returns is often very spectacularAs we move round the Sun we pass through the debris left behind from various comets tails like the exhaust pipe of a car. That debris is what causes the predictable meteor showers. _URL_0_
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How come that sugar has such an intensive taste but does not smell at all.
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Your tongue has sensors for very specifc things: salts , sugars , bitter compounds , certain acids , and lastly, glutamates None of these 5 flavors rely on smell, usually because their presence would be very hard to detect most of the time . because these flavors are hard or impossible to smell, they are detected by the tongue. Most other things you taste in your nose, because they have a strong enough smell that your nose, which is already good at detecting lots of different things, can do the job, and its efficient to only do the job one place. There are a few exceptions here: "spicy" isn't a taste, but a sensation. Spicy compounds trick temperature receptors into thinking they are hot, and similarly menthol tricks temperature receptors into thinking they are cold. When you sniff things the smell comes in the front of your nose but when you taste it, the smell portion of taste enters through the back, in your throat. That is why if your nose is only a little stuffed up you might not be able to smell something but you might still be able to taste it. Salt receptors block out bitter and amp up sugar, which is why a moderate amount of salt makes literally everything taste better. One last note is about fats: fats have a nose taste but no tongue taste, BUT fats can make it easier for other tastes to be tasted, both on the tongue and in the nose. This means fat improves flavor, but doesnt really taste good all on its own.Sugar has a smell. When you taste it, part of that taste IS the way it smells. They're very much connected, and as soon as the sugar hits your tongue and begins breaking down, it starts to release whatever volatile chemicals it has, which is what you taste/smell.
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If you built a house several miles away from anyone else, is anyone (or any government department) obligated to provide you with electrical access?
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It kind of depends on how they are regulated. Here in Sweden, for example, the power companies operate under concessions. One of the concession rules is that the power company must connect a new customer *who is willing to pay the actual cost*. That means, basically, that they are legally forced to give you a reasonable cost proposal. And there is a government agency you can complain to if you feel that they were exaggerating the costs. But if you are unwilling to pay, they have to do no more for you.In theory, the electrical company is required to provide you with electrical hookups, if you fall inside their area In practice, nobody is gonna spend the money to hook you up unless there are enough homes to make it worth it.obligated no. and some states require that you must have electrical grid connection for permanent residence. building a residence without a connection will get you fined or property access deniedMy FIL just delt with this about 5 years ago. There are 2 other houses within 500 yards of his. One of them within 50 yards. Both have power. He had to pay for the pole to be installed and for the lineman to run the wires. In the end it cost him about $10,000.
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How, on a technical level, did Carnegie Mellon (reportedly) help the FBI unmask Tor users?
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Here's my lame attempt to take something uber complex to ELI5 level: You know those card trick games where the guy mixes up the cards really fast and you're trying to guess which one it is? That's kind of like Tor. Tor gets a bunch of people to volunteer to be relays. When a request comes in, they pass it randomly amongst themselves three times and then it continues on to it's destination. But since it's volunteer, the FBI/NSA can easily set up a bunch of relays and play along. But really they're recording everything, and trying to de-anonymize users. If they get enough relays, it's possible that one unlucky user gets all three relays that are malicious. Then the attackers can use meta data from the requests such as timestamps, and recorded hops to de-anonymize you. Malicious relays can also "mark" your request so that if both the entry and exit relay are malicious, it'll see the tag and know who you are. There are also ways to fight this, and Tor is constantly updating it's software to fight back against these attacks. It also discovers malicious relays all the time and blocks them from Tor. This is basically a giant cat and mouse game between Tor and the FBI that makes headlines every now and again. This is one of many reasons I advise people to stay off the Dark Web unless you have a really good reason like you're a journalist or in a country where you free speech is severely restricted. There's just far too many ways you can get yourself in trouble and it's not really worth it. Hope that helped!
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What determines the speed limit of a road?
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For traffic engineers it's the 85th percentile. In other words there is an assumption that 85% of drivers will drive at safe speed for road conditions. Speed studies are done, and this determines the speed limit. Unfortunately, the traffic engineers recommendations are often ignored by politicians, who set speed limits based on their own limited understanding of traffic control.- Road straightness- Intersections, heavy traffic, or other hazards that may require you to react or slow down- Presence of pedestrians, especially children- Noise reduction
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how foodstuffs can sit on shelf a long time and then must be refrigerated after opening... is it just exposure to air that flips the switch?
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Right on, and exposure to bacteria. Moisture without oxygen in a sterile environment won't generate bacteria. Once opened you have all three, by refrigerating you actually just slow the enzymatic breakdown and reduce the suitability for bacteria to grow on the food", 'Yes. Once the seal is broken, the contents are usually no longer shelf-stable and must be refrigerated.
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Why can't we tax everyone the same percent?
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There is literally no government policy anywhere that *nobody* would complain about. In this particular case, it makes little sense to tax people who are already on government assistance .
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How a Jeep is able to climb an almost vertical incline with not much trouble?
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a combination of low gearing, low center of gravity, and engine location. the engine being in the front means that the weight helps hold the front end of the jeep down, making it far less likely to flip while climbing. the low center of gravity also helps prevent flipping in the same way. the low gearing allows for very large amounts of torque, so while it wont be able to hit 100mph it can climb up damn near anythingLow, low, lowww gearing. Gives an insane amount of torque. Check out videos of Jeeps with the Atlas 4 speed transfer case. Definitely on the list for when I win the lotteryFolks are correct about gearing etc but without locking differentials that gif would be impossible.
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Why is it that transplanted organs only have a short life span once transplanted?
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Primary reason is the person's immune system attacking everything that is foreign in the body, including the cells of organs that don't have the exact genetic markers that the immune system recognizes. So in a transplant situation, they have to match the blood type between the donor and the recipient, and it helps if the donor and recipient have even better matches , but ultimately, for all transplants, the person has to take immunosuppressant anti-rejection drugs to disable their immune system somewhat, so it no longer attacks the new organs so fiercely. So they can't completely disable the immune system because the person would then get sick and die from even a common cold. Which means they can't stop the attacks on the organ, they can just slow them down.
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What happens to someone who does not eat vegetables at all
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Are they being replaced with anything? You could go into a severe vitamin deficiency, which would have different effects based on what vitamins are deficient. Also you could go into a calorie deficit and lose weight. Lack of fiber is another possible issue which will lead to constipation.
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does drinking chocolate milk give the same benefits as drinking regular milk?
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The normal positive aspects of milk will all be in chocolate milk.The downside is that chocolate milk usually has quite a bit of sugar added to it. Edit: and as for milk with chocolate cereal, it depends entirely on the cereal. You'd just get bits of the cereal leaking into the milk, and I can't see that being any different from eating the cereal anyway.compare nutrition facts. I'm not relly sure what benefits you are referring to. I'm pretty sure "making your bones stronger" is a selling gimmick. A lot of adults eventually become lactose intolerant as they age.Chocolate milk starts off as regular milk. They don't have chocolate cows.
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How is the maximum load of truss columns calculated?
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The amount of load a column can safely hold is principally based on the material,the geometry, and the nature of the load. The material has a certain strength properties. Each material has a certain allowable stress before failure . Also each material has stiffness properties, meaning the amount a material deflects with an applied load . This is important to know how something physically reacts under load, but more specifically is mainly used to establish buckling limits for a material, which is a different type of potential failure. The geometry is also important. For columns, the main variable is the cross sectional area of the component itself. Next is the length of the column. Next is the nature of the degree of restraint of the ends of the column . Also of importance is the shape of the cross section of the column, the shape will dictate a property called the radius of gyration which will affect the amount of load a column can withstand before buckling. Also, the nature of the load is important to define. Loads can be applied in 6 different ways, axially , but also laterally in two directions , and flexurally in three directions . All of these loads are combined to consider if the column is appropriate. Finally, most engineers use national design codes and standards given all the information above to establish the 'safe load'. As an aside, triangles are an important shape in structures . These shapes efficiently transfer load by minimizing bending loads in a structure which will significantly reduce the strength of a component. Hence the more triangle in your structure the better. You had a good intuition regarding the presence of triangles.
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At what heights do falls become dangerous?
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There are a lot of variables in that question. People have fallen and died from a standing positionIt depends what part of your body hits first. However, falls from more than 10 feet in adults and falls from 2-3x the height of a child are considered severePeople have died from falls from standing position. It depends on what part of your body hits and the shape/hardness of the thing it hits.It's not the height of the fall, it's the sudden stop at the bottom. Jump from 2000m and open your parachute in the right height, no problemo. Fall from a plane and smack a bunch of branches of tall fir trees, you might live. Fall from 20m and hit concrete or water , and you're in trouble. Maybe with expert form and practice, think Acapulco Cliff Diver, you could be fine, but that's all about decelerating in 10m underwater.
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What this Tesla Model S thing is about?
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1. A New York Times reviewer wrote up a description of a trip he took in a Tesla car. He described instances where the car didn't get as much mileage as Tesla claimed, and that at one point the car ran out of power and he had to have the car towed. 2. The head of Tesla called him a god damn liar 3. The reviewer published a blog post and stood by his claims 4. The head of Tesla published the log data from the reviewers trip. In it, they were able to demostrate clear discrepancies with what the reporter said and what actually happened . They produced data that appears to indicate that the reviewer may have intentionally tried to drain the battery, and may have removed the car from the charging station before the car was ready to travel the distance he intended. 5. The Reviewer has responded again, but so far he's blamed the Tesla PR group for giving him false information about what he could/couldn't do with the car. 6. Someone from CNN drove the same car on the same trip as the NYT Reviewer without any significant issuesJournalist smears Tesla. Tesla responds with telemetry showing journalist lied about events in article.ELI5 should actually be ITFLTGI .A New York Times journalist wrote an [unflattering article]about the Model S. The gist of his claim was that most likely due to the cold weather during the drive, the Model S had battery life issues during the drive and inevitably died on the last length of the journey. Tesla [fired back with some telemetry data] supposedly contradicting the Times article, and the Times journalist [shot back as well]. It's largely a "he said, she said" where both sides are fudging things. [According to Wired], Tesla won't release the raw data so it's hard to get to the bottom of it for certain.
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How durable are pandas?
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Like all bears, pandas have ridiculously large and thick bones which make them very durable in general. In addition, bears also have thick layers of fat which can absorb impact, as well as dense outer hairs which provide protection. These attributes combined with their huge muscle mass make pandas and other bears essentially walking tanks.This isn't an answer to the question, but I feel like it might interest some people: Pandas are no longer endangered. :D All that WWF propaganda worked it seemed, or at least *something* worked.You can get good use out of pandas. I kept mine maintained and got balance and alignment checks regularly. Lasted for a long time', "Any parent will tell you that babies are durable. A tumble won't do major damage. Especially if the baby tumbling is massive bear bones.
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How does crop rotation work?
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Crops have different effects on the underlying soil. Vegetables tend to be taxing on the soil because they're grown really densely, they need a lot of nutrients, and they don't leave behind deep root systems to help replenish the soil by decaying. Legumes harbor nitrogen fixing bacteria in their root systems, so they actually leave the soil with more nitrogen compounds than before you planted them. This is basically like natural fertilizer. Cereal crops have deep root systems which are good because when you harvest them, they leave a lot of dead matter to decay. So by rotating through these kinds of crops, you can get the harvest you want, while making sure your soil is well-replenished with nutrients.In addition to what others have pointed out about the effects of different types of roots on soil structure, rotating crops is also important to mitigate the buildup of pathogens and pests that cause disease and damage when one crop is continuously grown over and over again.Some plants take more of some nutrient or another from the soil then their rotten corpses can give back when they're cut down and tilled under for the next sowing. Some plants give back more then they take of some nutrient. Lets say corn takes nitrogen and leaves phosphates. And potatoes take phosphate and leave nitrogen. By cycling the crops you dont deplete the needed nutrients.
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why did the SpaceX exhaust trail (or what ever that was) stay illuminated for so long?
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It was because of the time of day. While it was night down on the ground, the sun was still shining 100km up in the sky. It was so bright and so big because the exhaust contained a lot of water vapor. When you burn any fuel containing hydrogen, it combines with oxygen to create water. In space, that water-containing exhaust expands rapidly, and, like a spray of deodorant, becomes cold - cold enough for the water to condense down into many small ice crystals - basically, a thin, light very high-level cloud. The sunlight shining through this cloud is scattered, and some of the light makes it to your eyes. That water doesn't hang around, though. It only stays liquid as long as there is other gas around. The exhaust gas keeps spreading out, and the water evaporates because of the very low pressure, before either falling back into the upper atmosphere, or escaping to space. Edit: I posted this answer yesterday, but the person who asked it immediately deleted their post. Please don't do that - other people will want to find your question and its answer when they search.because the rocket was so high up, that it was not shaded by the earth. just like the moon that is also visible in the video.This was only possible because it was shortly after sunset.
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Why aren't there automatic transmission motorcycles?
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There are, they just aren't popular. Also, scooters are a thing. Automatics cars are more popular than manual , because we are lazy and don't like to swift and like to always have a free hand. For motorcycles, it's different, you almost always want two hands on and shifting is much more simple, not many people are texting while riding a Harley.There are plenty of automatic transmission motorcycles. [Honda] [Cycle World Options] [Reviews] Cheers!
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How can someone see practically all you've done on a computer, even after you've deleted it, but recovering a phone doesn't always find everything?
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If you delete something, it's only moved to the trashbin at first, where it's still 100% intact. If you delete it from there, you only tell your OS to clear the place. It basically makes the area on the drive available for being written over, but it's still there, as not every single switch is reset. Only once everything has been written over by something else, it is clearly gone. Phones are Android, with is UNIX. Windows isn't. That maybe be an explanation for the difference in how it works exactly. Also, on a PC you usually have 500 to 1000 GB of storage, but on a phone only 8 to 64 GB. First obviously has a lot more space, and doesn't need to write over old data anywhere as fast.
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Why is it far easier to run up multiple stairs than down multiple stairs?
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Actually I think this has to do with the mechanism behind climbing and falling. When climbing, you are working against gravity and have much more fine control over how much energy and power is needed to be supplied to your muscles to overcome gravity and attain the speed you desire to go up the stairs. When going down stairs, you are now working WITH gravity to “fall down”. Since there is an outside force that is ADDITIVE to the power your legs are exerting to go down the stairs, your body has a much harder time regulating the small muscles and there less control.
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Is there a word, in any language -- that describes the deep, sinking feeling of knowing that life is short, and we're going to miss out on so much...
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Existential dread. Plenty of philosophers in lots of languages have discussed that feelingTorschlusspanik - Literally, gate closing panic, but meaning the feeling that aging is limiting our optionsThere's a phrase in Japanese that might capture the feeling you're taking about: mono no aware. Here's how wikipedia defines it: Mono no aware , literally "the pathos of things", and also translated as "an empathy toward things", or "a sensitivity to ephemera", is a Japanese term for the awareness of impermanence , or transience of things, and both a transient gentle sadness at their passing as well as a longer, deeper gentle sadness about this state being the reality of life.A Chinese word that roughly describe this is 浮生如寄. A literal translation is life is so short that we are but drifters sojourning in this world. It is amazing to me that such concept transcend between languages and cultures. I think it is just a common human trait to lament the passage of life and the experiences that we've missed out.
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what's the difference between .com and .org and .gov and .net and etc etc
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Different rules apply to each TLD . ICANN is the organisation that runs the show, they decide what TLDs should exist and what rules or sub-organisations should govern them. .gov is a good example since as you guessed, it's restricted to use by the US Government. ICANN will not allow anyone else to register a domain ending in .gov. There are quite a lot of "open" TLDs that pretty much anyone can register a domain to, like .com, .org, .net and so forth. The reasons we have different ones are they're meant to specify different types of website , and to increase the number of names available. As well as these generic categories, we also have regional TLDs which are also allowed to have sub-TLDs . So each TLD gets its own little universe, likely managed by a separate organisation who can set their own rules. As such, some TLDs cost more than others, some are deliberately cheap to attract small business or individuals, and some are expensive owing to their uniqueness .
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Why does your body occasionally jolt you awake when you start to doze off?
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It's called a [hypnic jerk] and can result from anxiety, stress, or nothing at all.
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Plasma, in the electrical sense. Why is it its own state/phase?
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Plasma forms when you heat up a gas to really high temperatures. The electrons get ripped away from the atoms due to their high energy. This is called ionization. This makes plasma highly electrically conductive. Plasma is its own state of matter because its properties are so fundamentally different from a gas, in the same way that a liquid's properties are fundamentally different than a solid's.
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What causes our muscles to feel weak when we are nervous/ in a high tense situation?
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When you are stressed, you're body reroutes blood away from your limbs to supply your brain and other areas. The lack of blood can give you that weak feeling.Basically your body is continuously pumping out the stress hormone. The stress hormone is a stimulant, and being exposed to it for long enough can cause you to feel tired or weak. This is true for the nervousness and the stressful situations, as both cause it to be produced.
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Why is it that when ants or other bugs fall from the ceiling to the floor they don't die/can still walk, but me falling from a short height could break my legs?
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Square cube law. They don't have nearly the volume per unit of surface area you do. So assuming approximately equal mass per volume, the ultimate force generated by the same fall and stopping with the same negative acceleration will be much higher for you because of the increased mass. F=ma Also chitin is quite a tough material
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Why people lost all their money in bank failures back in history? Did they have no insurance or other securities?
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Insuring bank deposits is actually a fairly recent thing - back when the Great Depression started, your money in the bank was only backed up by your trust that the bank wouldn't fail. Which is why there were runs on the banks when that trust ran out - if the bank went under, your money was gone. In the US, the FDIC was created in 1933 in order to renew trust in the banks, and it's still in effect today, insuring your accounts up to a certain limit . And that money is provided by insurance payments by the banks to the government, along with a backup line of credit to the US Treasury. Many other countries have similar measures in place to keep people trusting their banks.
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How do we get pictures of North Korea if North Koreans are forbidden from the internet?
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Under the right circumstances people can get in and out of North Korea. Under even more right circumstances they'll be allowed to have cameras. North Korea also has a government regulated media, including television. Broadcasts can be picked up from South Korea.
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Why are children more likely to fall off the bed while in deep sleep than adults?
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When you sleep your brain turns off your motor-cortex so that you are basically paralyzed. This is also the reason you sometimes feel like you are falling when you are about to fall asleep and suddenly jolt yourself awake. In children this function is still developing and sometimes it doesn't turn off all the way or at all. Thats why kids also sleepwalk much more often than adults.
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Why is everyone against a one world government?
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Because the needs and wants of society vary greatly depending on the region you live in, climate, available resources, opportunities, culture there's very few laws and policies that you can blanket across the world and make work.Because they fear other cultures controlling their own, or other people/cultures getting wealthy at their expense.
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Why do Indians bob their heads forward and backward when they talk? [FIXED]
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The culture is different in india. A left to right wobble means "I agree". If they sort of bobble their head in a circular motion it means they are listening. If slow its friendly if fast its more like "I really understand"The head bob is just a gesture. It sort of means "ok" or "if you say so". You can think of it like a nod or shaking our heads.
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If Mary was a virgin (and had thus never 'known' Joseph), why does Matthew 1:1-17 explain the lineage from Abraham to Joseph as the Genealogy of Jesus?
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The lineage was to establish Jesus\' royalty by identifying him as a son of David and heir to the Kingdom. It was not meant to establish strictly biological descendency. Notice that it does not say that "Jacob begat Jesus." It specifically says that Joseph was the husband of Mary, who gave birth to Jesus. *Right after that*, in Matthew 1:18-25, they talk about how Jospeh was going to put Mary out, but an angel appeared and convinced him to take her as wife. In doing so Joseph became Jesus\' father, legally, and therefore the heir to the KingdomAdoption in scripture though not frequent is not unknown. In these instances the adopted one takes on the rights and privileges as a full family member. Moreover in many ways, Joseph's "adoption" of Jesus is prefigured by God adopting the Jews as his chosen people.Because Matthew was writing Jesus' legal lineage . The gap allowed Jesus to be a legal son of David , while not being subject to the curse God placed on King Jeconiah: > \tThus says the Lord:“Write this man down as childless,a man who shall not succeed in his days,for none of his offspring shall succeedtin sitting on the throne of Davidand ruling again in Judah. Since Jesus was prophesied to be king of the Jews his genealogy was in a difficult position . Thus recording his legal father.
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Why do some companies or sites pay for annoying pop up ads when they only make us angry and less likely to buy their products?
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I can only assume these ad bring in a sizeable return. Businesses don't play around especially if it would only serve to ruin their reputations - but if something makes them money then they clearly wouldn't be competitive if they didn't take advantage of it.Even though they anger us I think those ads are still somewhat effective. Ads work by creating familiarisation and people tend to lean towards brands they are most familiar with. If you simply see the product image on a website, the ad has done its job. Pretty much 99% of ads across all mediums are annoying, I think most people have just learned to put up with pop ups A lot of the time the ad is not designed to really sell you anything. It’s branding. They are getting the name out and later you may not remember that it’s familiar because of an annoying ad but just familiar.
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Why do we feel the urge to keep throwing up even if there is nothing left?
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It's because of the physiological mechanisms involved in throwing up. When you first start, it's in response to the body trying to expel something. The muscles around your stomach contract and squeeze it to propel the contents out . After a while these muscles start spasming despite the fact that the stomach is empty, which is what leads to the continued retching afterwards.
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How do buffets make money?
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For everyone that eats 5 plates there are people who went to a buffet had a plate and then realized they were not as hungry as they thoughtThe same way any other restaurant does: by making sure that prices are high enough to cover all the costs of food, staff, rent, etc, and with enough markup to make a profit. The costs of the food consumed by the average buffet goer are nowhere near the price chargedWarren Buffet makes money in the stock market. I hope this was helpful', "The general rule in most restaurants is that food costs make up 1/3 of the purchase price of a dish. Which means that 2/3 of what they make goes towards costs besides buying food ingredients. Buffets do a lot to minimize those other costs. The wait staff has to do a lot less because they're not taking orders so you don't need as many or as skilled workers, the kitchen is more efficient because it's cooking in bulk and not to order. Since those tasks are easier, you need less supervisory people keeping it going. That sort of thing. So even if the all-you-can-eat aspect resulted in somewhat higher average food costs per customer, that expense can be made up with streamlining the other aspects of running a restaurant.They buy food ingredients in bulk from manufacturers/farms, etc so they get ingredients for low prices :)Food is cheaper than you think. Cheaper than you pay. Some items are even cheaper than othersBy charging customers more than the average cost of what someone eats. Sure, they might lose a few pennies once in a while on their "worst" customers, but make it up on the rest of us.
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How can a plant which has always been an indoor plant and never been outdoors suddenly have ahids or gnats? Where did the bugs come from?
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Aphids are small enough to get through window screens and can be windblown onto screen from nearby plants, and most houseplants are kept near windows. They can also hitch a ride on you when you brush by aphid-infested plants then go inside. Most gnats seen in houseplants actually come from the soil, their larva feed on tiny roots. Cheap soil often contains the eggs/larva of these fungus gnats.Once upon a time Benjamin Franklin was sailing across the ocean. Some seaweed got pulled up at some point and he found tiny little crabs in it. At the time, no one knew very much about crabs and it was a mystery where they came from. He figured that maybe these little crabs hatch from the seaweed and then grow into bigger crabs. To test this idea, he put some seaweed in a bucket and kept an eye on it. Eventually the seaweed rotted and there were never any new crabs. Some years later people discovered that crabs lay eggs that hatch into little baby crabs. The bugs came from outside. It might have just been one to start with, looking for a nice place to lay it's eggs.
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Why does hot water (or heat generally) clean better than cold water (or cold generally)?
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It's all about the chemistry. Heat is a measure of kinetic energy, so hotter chemicals are moving faster. In most chemical reactions adding heat will speed things up as the faster moving molecules will collide more often and therefore are more likely to react. Because of this, hotter chemicals have a higher reaction rate than colder chemicals. Furthermore, in order to have a reaction at all, two molecules need to hit each other hard enough. Since chemicals move slower the colder they are, they may not react with one another until they reach a certain temperature.heat increases the ability of water to dissolve things. the capacity of a liquid is determined by certain chemical properties and temperature. by increasing the capacity, you also increase the rate at which the process occurs. not unlike the fact that heat will move more quickly the larger the temperature gap.Heat expands things. If you want a bottle top to become looser, heat it up so it expands and it not so tight. Want stuff off of dishes? Using hot water to wash it will make the stuff stuck on it expand and stop sticking Extra Tip: Ever had a pot or pan that's just got stuff stuck to it that you think will take forever to scrub off? Fill it with water, put it on the stove and just boil it for 10-15 minutes. When you empty the water, a lot of the stuff stuck on should come out as well
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Why did the FBI publicly release the information about Patraeus's affair? Isn't that part of his private life?
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If he has something he wants to keep secret, that's an opportunity for blackmail. And blackmail is a big concern when you have access to top secret information. By making this information public, they remove a potential security risk, because you can't blackmail someone over something everyone already knows. Damage to his personal life is just a side effect.
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How is the quantum world random yet the world we know predictable?
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The quantum world is random in specific, but predictable on average. An example of this is the tossing of coins; no single toss can be easily predicted, but if you toss a coin many, many times, you can bet that it will land on heads very close to 50% of the time. When you put a few things that are predictable on average together, you get a more predictable output; if you throw one six-sided die, you can get any value from one to six. If you throw fifty, you'll get a sum pretty close to 175 /2). If you throw five hundred, you'll get a sum much closer to 1750. If you throw 5,000,000, you'll get very, very close to 17,500,000 . Things on the scale that we perceive are made up of trillions of trillions of atoms; a chunk of carbon with a mass of two grams is composed of approximately one hundred billion trillion carbon atoms * 10^9 * 10^12 = 1 * 10^23 ~= 2 grams of carbon). If you put that many things together which have an outcome predictable within a range , you come up with one result that is overwhelmingly likely, which we perceive as only one result.
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How does gravity affect time?
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More gravity makes time go slower. The reason stems from two observations. **The speed of light is always constant, no matter who measures or where it is measured.**. One important result of this is that time and space will change with speed. Since speed is distance *divided by* time, the only way to keep the speed of light constant for everyone is if distance and time both change with speed. Time must slow down. It also turns out that all accelerated motion slows down tiime. **You cannot tell the difference between being in a gravity field or being accelerated.**. This is called the *equivalence principle* and it means if you are in an elevator and you feel your feet pressing on the ground then you do not know if you are feeling gravity or if the elevator is just accelerating up, pushing you down. Since your time is slowed when you are accelerated and you cannot tell if you are being accelerated or in a gravity field, that means gravity also slows down time. So, gravity slows down time in order to make sure that the speed of light is constant.
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How are time statistics calculated? I.e: every 20 a kid dies and stuff like that. How accurate this kind of numbers are? What is the time interval used for sampling?
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It's not literal It's just an average based on totals over a total amount of given time Like if you knew in 1 year 12 people died from auto erotic asphyxiation the you would say that 1 person dies from it every month. Wheras the reality might be that they all died the same day at an auto erotic asphyxiation anonymous singles mixer", 'You start with 60 * 24 * 365 = 525,600. You divide that by, say, 10,076 drunk driving fatalities in 2013, and learn that on average, someone dies in a drunk driving accident every 52 minutes. That might sound alarming, but this is a completely useless way to represent data. There are about 300 million people in the US, and 7 billion in the world. Those are unimaginably huge numbers, and there is no way to really know if one death every 52 minutes represents some sort of epidemic. The fact of the matter drunk driving death are half what they were in the 1980s, and a third when adjusted population growthIt's a simple averaging, most of the time. 365 x are y each year, so it averages to about "once every 24 hours an x y's." Scale up the number and it happens not rapidly.
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Why are some people naturally talented with maths? How does it happen?
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I think this gets in to a nature vs nurture situation. It's likely he wasn't born with an ability, but had a recurring need for this ability through early childhood or something and it became thoroughly developed through time. Or just lots and lots of practice
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What would the United States look like today if no humans have ever explored the land?
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A hell of a lot of Buffaloes and Wooly Mammoth's would be roaming around. The Eastern US would have more forest than it does now.
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Why do cuts burn when you put hydrogen peroxide or rubbing alcohol on them?
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The chemicals in rubbing alcohol when applied to an open wound activate the same nerve receptors in your skin that let you know that a flame is hot, giving you a burning or stinging sensation. 🔥
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What objective reasons explain why some people can hold their liquor while others can't?
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Practice makes perfect. This does not just apply to tolerance, which indeed would be much higher in someone who drinks daily as opposed to yearly. For instance we all have a buddy who gets the hottest wings everywhere you go and they barely phase him but if you were to touch them to your tongue it would ruin your night. Same thing your body builds up tolerances. Fun fact, most drug overdoses are people who have gone clean for a month or two then gone back to their old ways and not taken into account how much their tolerance levels have dropped and just jump right back into high doses. Not really fun maybe just fact. Also a seasoned drinker will know when and how much to drink. An amateur drinker will think well I had 10 beers last friday and was fine, but last friday you had steak and potatoes for dinner and today you just grabbed a quick sandwich at a gas station. Whereas a seasoned drinker takes into account how much food you got in your belly, how tired you are, what you have to do, and more importantly, what company your in. If everyone is having a glass or two of wine and you down a 5th of whiskey in an hour your gonna be the drunkest the person in the room and seem like an ass. Whereas if everyone is shooting double shots of tequila at the bar and you show up late and drink that same 5th of whiskey in an hour, you're gonna be the soberest person in the room and everyone else will seem drunk to you. Also, drink water, any chance you get just drink water helps beat the hangover and helps keep your head straight. If you feel like the bros would chirp you too hard for ordering a water, 1, your bros suck, but more importantly 2, order a coke, no liquor, still looks like your drinking while giving you a little break. Hope this helps haha sorry half cut right now,Source: Seasoned Alcoholic among other things Edit spacing was hard to see all clumped up haha
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I'm teaching myself to sing, and I'd like to know why my throat hurts after a short while of doing it. Also, how do I stop it doing this?
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I'm pursuing a BA in classical vocal performance currently. Almost all vocal fatigue is due to muscle tension when you sing. Do you feel like you are straining to hit most of the notes? If so, the song may be in too high of a tessitura for your voice type. By your username I'm assuming you're male; a lot of pop and rock are written for singers who are naturally high tenors. You might be a baritone or a bass and would be much more comfortable in a lower part of your voice. I'm a bass and singing along with Journey is out of the question for me. Anyway vocal fatigue is a result of muscle tension. The number two rule of singing is relaxation, which comes naturally with rule number one: always support with good breath. Take a deep breath, like you're about to sing. Did your shoulders move up? If so, stop that, you're getting a really shallow breath. When you breathe in, you should feel that breath go all the way down to your waist. Your breath is controlled by a muscle called the diaphragm, which is a flat muscle that sits below the lungs. When you breathe in, this guy pulls down to pull air into your lungs from outside. The feeling of pulling downwardness when you breathe in correctly is the diaphragm working. The way I like to think about it is to think 'down and expanding outward like a balloon' when taking a breath rather than 'shoulders up and gasp.' Taking a proper breath helps eliminate muscle tension because it gives you more air power to work with. Being able to maintain a consistent stream of air while relaxing is most important. Exhaling should be controlled entirely with the abdominal muscles from your belly-button downwards; everything else should be relaxed, your throat, your chest, your shoulders, your mouth tl;dr - think about how you're breathing.
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Why is the post-WW2 50s decade considered the quintessential time period for defined gender roles when throughout the 40s women were in "men's" roles for the first time?
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Because after the war there was a push for women to go back to traditional roles, this didn't fly. So women have been fighting to gain equal footing as men in career roles ever since.
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why window tinting is black instead of white
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sane reason sunglasses are tinted dark or a color instead of white. It aborbing the light prevents it from coming in. Also if it was white it would reflect on the inside too. Possibly making glare which is opposite of the point. Depends what is trying to be achieved - for 100% privacy a mirror tint is effective but this would glare other drivers - I believe this was popular in the US some years ago. If the tints are to keep the car cool or for privacy, black would work in that it limits much of the light coming into the vehicle vs having clear glassDepends on the tint. But they will always look dark, and usually a neutral color . Metalized tints are used and they do reflect the light, but you need to see from the other side, so some portion must make it through to the interior, this prevents the tint from ever looking white. A good, reflective, tinted window will look like a dark mirror. This stuff is commonly used on office buildings. [This is an example], the colors in the reflection are near true, indicating a netural color, the darkness is simply because light it making it to the inside. The window isn't actually absorbing any significant portion of the light.
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Why do they worry about rocket ships burning up when returning through the atmosphere from space, but not going to space?
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A rocket shop starts at earth at standstill and speeds up to get into space. The rocket ship is not going really that fast in the sense parts of the atmosphere. When a rocket shop returns it has orbital velocity, aka is going really fast. To slow down it actually uses the atmosphere. With terribly big shoes out enters the densest parts of the atmosphere. This shows down the rocket ship, but also generates a lot of heat.
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Types of UK visas and what they require.
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Go to _URL_0_ all the information is there. Since you're on a tier 4 I'm assuming you're a student or have a post study work visa. In which case you will either need a sponsored tier 2 if you're looking to work or a standard tourist visa if you wanna just hang out.
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Why does the US have so much more aircraft than any other country?
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One of the main tactics used by the American military relies on overwhelming air superiority. Ground forces discover enemy fortifications and locations, and call for bombing runs. And, of course, there's also the matter that the US military is often fighting around the world, and the fastest way to get across the world is to fly.
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Why does folding a piece of paper both ways help to tear a straight line?
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Folding paper weakens the bonds at the fold. The outer bonds are stretched more, so folding both ways weakens both sides at the crease. When you tear, the rip follows the path with the weakest structure which is usually the crease.
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why wireless devices/electronics can't be used in an airplane below 10k feet..
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Previously the FAA was worried that the small EM field generated by electronic devices could introduce interference to an airplane's internal electronics. This was well before shielded everything on these planes. Recently the FAA has come out in favor of consumers, saying they are going to recommend the allowance of using portable electronics gate to gate. Cell phones will still need to stay in airplane mode though. Source: I studied wireless communication in college. As for the FAA ruling, a quick google search for "FAA Electronics Policy" returns many news articles with much more information in them.
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Is Africa as unstable as the media portrays it to be?
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Africa's a pretty big place, and the experience can certainly vary depending on where you go. Blood Diamond was set during a civil war in Sierra Leone, so the shitshow factor is going to be pretty high in such a situation by default. If you went to some place like Nairobi, Cape Town, or Johannesburg, it'd be more or less like most big cities - some nice areas, some middle-class areas, some touristy areas, and some places you'd probably want to avoid.
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How do American street names work?
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Pretty simple, actually they are probably the same as the UK. The examples you mentioned "[street x] and [street y]" are cross streets. They are saying "at the intersection of Raven and 42nd". All our streets have 2 parts, the name, like Raven or 42nd or Main or what-have-you, and the postfix, which is usually something like "road
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What happens when we crack our knuckles?
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The fluid in your bursa sacs are moving, and quite quickly at that. Sudden movement makes the popping sound.Like you're five: Look at your fingers. They are made up of little chunks, with knuckles in between. Think of these knuckles like hinges on a door. They allow the door to move back and forth. Knuckles do the same thing, but are built differently. There is nothing solid attaching your finger bones to each other, only stretchy things that keep them in place. Think like if you put sausage links in a garden hose. The hose would keep the sausage links stuck next to each other, even though there is no physical "hinge" attached to each sausage. The sausages are your bones, and the hose is your finger. BUT, in your finger, there are little things in between your bones that prevent them from rubbing against each other, because that is very painful. Imagine then that someone has put teeny tiny water balloons in your hose between the sausage links, only these balloons are made of extra strong rubber so they won't burst. As you bend the hose around, the balloons squeeze and unsqueeze. Sometimes, the water in the balloons has to squeeze or unsqueeze REALLY fast, because when you crack your knuckles, you put a lot of pressure on a small space, and water doesn't like to be under pressure, so if it can breathe easier in another part of the balloon, it rushes over. Only instead of making a splashy sound, it makes a cracky sound. This might worry you, but rest assured, your balloon has not popped. In fact, there is nothing wrong with cracking your knuckles, except that it bothers other people who find the sound annoyingBending your knuckles build up pressure in the nitrogen that is naturally in our bodies . When that pressure gets to be too much it makes a popping noise and is released.
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How is it legal for the US to conduct drone strikes in foreign countries that result in the deaths of innocent people without any repercussions?
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Who would stop them? Typically the drone strikes are done with the consent of the country in question . Public hand wringing doesn't necessarily equate to private Disapproval.
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what would be the benefits and the drawbacks of having one world currency?
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If you have one world currency you link the economy's of every country in the world. If you look at some countries they are currently in recession leading hyperinflation of there currency etc. Not to mention what happens when a country is at war like Syria and economies collapse. What would happen is larger more stable countries would have to interfere with the smaller less stable ones and impose restrictions on things. Maybe even invading to stabilise a region they otherwise wouldn't. If you want to see what can happen, and it's actually a **MILD** example of what could happen look at Grease and the Eurozone. To sum up: it would only work if every country had a similar economy and nothing changes anywhere in the world Edit: spellings
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How come I do not feel hungry in the morning if I don't eat breakfast, but if I do, I find myself wanting something to eat or drink.
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It's actually kind of simple really. If you don't eat breakfast, you're body looks to other ways to begin fueling itself. If there's nothing in your stomach, it seeks out and uses glycogen to run itself, and also to help your brain function properly. Naturally, when this begins to happen, and even through there's no food in your stomach, your body stops reminding you that you're hungry, and gets right away to burning up any energy reserves . The reason you're probably feeling tired is because -- and let's say you ate something carb-heavy, such as a bagel, or a stack of pancakes -- considerable amounts of blood is now beginning to flow to your abdomen, to help to begin processing all of the stuff you've just eaten. Your body telling you you need a drink, or wanting something to eat soon after breakfast, is basically just your metabolism speeding up and/or requiring hydration so as to move the process along more efficiently. Hope I've helped. :}
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What is the economic growth and how is our economy model based on it ?
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Economic growth simply means that the economy is producing more value as time goes on. Take for example a small village. It has an economy in that the villagers produces things of value. Say there's a clothing factory or a mine. These hard working villagers are producing useful things of value on a daily basis. On some days, they even find better and more efficient ways of creating value. Someone in the village mine discovers a massive new copper vein to mine from. Or someone in the clothing factory creates a new needle that makes it easier to create new clothes. Sometimes a businessman outside of the village will visit and pay for a massive new shipment of clothes to be produced, so then the factory owners have to employ more people. Those events "grow" the economy.
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why don't hockey teams hire a 500 lb. goalie to block the whole goal?
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There is a sports science episode covering this. It basically boils down to 1)It does not cover the whole net. And with the assumption that a 500lb guy isn't too athletic, the open part of the net will just be free goals. Also regulation sized protective equipement does not cover a 500lb man.
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How do new, unpublished writers ensure that their original work is not copied/stolen by the publishing house they give their work to consider?
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Copyright protection, unlike patent protection, exists automatically to protect a work. No registration or other action on the part of the author is required. So if a publisher were to steal an author's work, the author would sue the publisher and -- assuming they could prove that they indeed authored the work -- they would win.
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What does a part-time teenager do with his W-2 form?
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More than likely your parents will claim you and they should handle this. However you can file a return yourself . Make sure to check with you parent if they are claiming you as a dependent. You can file a tax return and get any federal taxes you paid back in a refund check. Goto _URL_0_. [TurboTax® Freedom Edition] is a good choice for electronic filing. Turbo Tax will charge you to file state tax returns. Most likely your state has an online filing for low income returns but you will have to check your state's website.If you withheld anything then file. It is worth the price of a stamp. Use the EZ form and get H & R Block to do it for free. Better yet you should fill it out yourself just to learn how to do it. Anyone of mean intelligence could figure it out.
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How do we (in first world countries) contribute to the "Great Pacific Garbage Patch" and other marine trash issues?
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* A lot of the trash is blown off beaches or picked up by tides off of beaches world wide. * Other trash was thrown in by careless boaters. * Trash is washed into rivers and sewage system pipes that flow into the ocean in heavy rains. * Faulty sewage treatment plants, or sewage treatment plants that are overwhelmed by heavy rains. * There was a time when cities like [New York City] dumped their sewage sludge and other materials, oxygen concentrations in waters in the locations like the [New York Bight] by the barge full between 1949 and 1969. * Now [China dumps between 1.3 to 3.5 metric tons of plastic in the ocean]. * [Military and nuclear waste dumped in the oceans as far back as the 1940s]. * Illegal dumping of industrial and construction waste into the ocean either by ship or by truck. * Some trash is picked up by birds and dropped in the ocean. Check out the EPA's page on [*What was dumped into the ocean before 1972?*]
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why the news doesn't report on suicide (unless it's a celebrity)?
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Because comparatively few people care. It is not a story that has an effect on a significant number of people.
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Why do game developers make exclusives when it limits their audience so much?
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Usually because that console manufacturer publishes the game for them. For example ThatGameComapny made really odd and out there games that a big publisher wouldn't likely publish, for fear it wouldn't sell well enough to be worth their time. So Sony approaches them and says "We will publish your game, market it, and sell it for you, and in return you only release it on our platforms." So the dev gets paid, and they get a game under their belt which will be big for getting them bargaining power next time they look for a publisher. Its generally a win-win. There also timed exclusives, again a dev has a game that they can't get published how they like so someone like Microsoft says "Ok we will publish it for you, but in return you leave it Xbox only for 6 months. Afterwards you are free to port to other platforms." Again a Win-win. Finally there are cases where the dev loses their IP and its locked to a system. For example Insomniac's Ratchet and Clank was published by Sony on PlayStation. Part of the deal was that Sony owns Ratchet and Clank, so Insomniac is unable to bring it to other platforms. This is getting increasingly rare as developers are fighting more and more for rights to their IP but up until this point it was almost always publishes who kept their rights to games.
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how counting cards in poker works?
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As a general rule, you don't count cards in Poker - you count cards in BlackJack. This is because, unlike most card games, BlackJack does not shuffle the deck between hands. This means that knowledge of historic cards can give you important information about what cards remain in the deck for future hands. There are multiple ways to count cards, but they all boil down to remembering what cards you have seen in previous hands so you can extrapolate what cards are left in the deck. If you have seen are large number of low cards then that tells you the remaining cards in the shoe are weighted to higher cards . This can influence how you choose to play your hand - if you are sitting on a 15, you may not want to hit if the shoe is heavy with high cards as you are likely to bust. Opposite logic would be true if the deck is heavy in low cards. Now, all that said, counting cards is very much against the rules of any casino and you _will_ be banned from the property if you are caught. Casinos also do things that reduce the impact of counting cards .
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Why does my pen work on a sheet of paper, but doesn't on another one?
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A ball-point pen requires a certain amount of friction between the ball and the paper in order for the ball to rotate, which moves the ink down from the reservoir to the paper. Also, the paper surface needs to be porous enough to pull the ink off the ball onto the paper. Other types of pens have similar requirements, even if they work differently. In my personal experience, most quests for a better pen are solved with better paper. Papers for other purposes can have coatings or formulations that defeat either of the above mechanismsDoes it have to do with the roller ball sticking in the pen? Or perhaps a lack of enough friction on that part of the paper to roll the ball?
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Why Do Animals Leave Permanent Water Sources?
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Staying in a place is making predator job easier and making it harder and harder to find near food.If large herbivores grazed one area continuously, the vegetation wouldn't have chance to regrow, so they move to new areas.
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Why has iTunes been deleting all my music since 2004?
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Sounds like what is happening here is that you are syncing a device with a device with an unassociated library. An iDevice gets linked to a particular authorised computer + library file, and when you sync your device with an unrelated computer, it will erase the content. I know you said you manually manage the device, but the only thing I can think of is that something is going wrong in this process and erasing your device. I don' t mean this as a slightly against you. Itunes can be pretty ridiculous to work with at times. It just seems like that is the one consistent factor across your story.I have no idea if this is an accurate experience of living with iTunes because I avoid iTunes because I am a little bit scared. *Not sent from my iPhone', "iTunes has always performed one-way synchronizations: it attempts to mirror the music library on your computer, including deletions. If you want to keep music on your iPod, keep it on your computer. You cannot synchronize an iPod with more than one music library — not even manually. Two-way synchronization would be cool, but the music industry fought it pretty hard — the idea of users being able to freely copy gigabytes of music from computer to device and back to a different computer made them freak the fuck out, even though that's exactly what you can do with an external hard drive. Apple decided they would prefer to have more money and the support of the industry rather than neither.
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What is happening, physically, when you feel like you've burned off your taste buds with hot tea, soup, etc?
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You've destroyed the nerve enedings. That's why sudden pain then numbness. The mouth regenerates very quickly however, thus feeling will come back in a relatively short amount of time.
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How is the design of the U.S. gov't "deliberately inefficient"?
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The checks and balances system ensures that one person or one branch of government can't make quick, unilateral changes. For a law to be passed and take effect, all three branches have to be in agreement. The fact that legislation can be difficult to pass, even if one party has a majority, makes some people think of government as inefficient. Also, the Constitution, which sets all of the rules, was made incredibly hard to amend to again prevent large changes from being made easily. EDIT: If you want to read the Founding Fathers' opinions in their own words, read the [The Federalist Papers]. These were essays written by James Madison , Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay that were meant to convince people to adopt the Constitution. In them, these three Founding Fathers laid out a lot of their ideas for how the country should be run. In particular [Federalist #10] by James Madison addresses your question almost exactly. In it, Madison talks about the need to prevent what he called factions from taking over the government and undermining democratic principles.
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why is turning your assets into cash called "liquidating"?
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This is known as a "metaphor". Money isn't literally liquid, but we *do* refer to it as "cash flow". Basically, having your assets liquid means you can easily move them from place to placeLiquidity in the world of finance refers to how easy it is to trade an asset. If i want to buy groceries and pay for it with my house or my car, things would be pretty difficult. Cash is, almost by definition, the easiest asset to trade and is therefore called the most liquid.
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How does the gas pump know when to stop automatically pumping?
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There is a small hole at the end of the nozzle that gives the pump a signal when your tank is full. When gas is flowing into your empty tank the pressure is the same. When it starts pumping gas and it's almost full the small hole feels a pressure change and stops pumping.
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