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= Super Science Stories =
| d21cdd9414f00222079a68b7ba824112 | 13,301 |
Super Science Stories was an American pulp science fiction magazine published by Popular Publications from 1940 and 1943 , and again from 1949 to 1951 . Popular launched it under their " Fictioneers " imprint , which they used for magazines paying writers less than one cent per word . Frederik Pohl was hired in late 1... | fac1594eaa56640f4e42578b0a087b82 | 13,303 |
Super Science Stories was an initial success , and within a year Popular increased Pohl 's budget slightly , allowing him to pay a bonus rate on occasion . Pohl wrote many stories himself , to fill the magazine and to augment his salary . He managed to obtain stories by writers who subsequently became very well known ... | e7657e259dc099ecaf6aed7506e68a4d | 13,304 |
The magazine was never regarded as one of the leading titles of the genre , but has received qualified praise from science fiction critics and historians . Science fiction historian Raymond Thompson describes it as " one of the most interesting magazines to appear during the 1940s " , despite the variable quality of t... | c69a7c21adf4723e6c1a1d927dfbe451 | 13,305 |
= = Publication history = =
| 20d4081115e888d34d520bc2ef6fbfea | 13,307 |
Although science fiction ( sf ) had been published before the 1920s , it did not begin to coalesce into a separately marketed genre until the appearance in 1926 of Amazing Stories , a pulp magazine published by Hugo Gernsback . By the end of the 1930s the field was booming , and several new sf magazines were launched ... | 3c63a52323632f59165141d7c11c4241 | 13,309 |
Popular was uncertain of the sales potential for the two new titles and decided to publish them under its Fictioneers imprint , which was used for lower @-@ paying magazines . Super Science Stories ' first issue was dated March 1940 ; it was bimonthly , with Astonishing Stories appearing in the alternate months . In P... | dc602a0bac49983b5383df4b9f7e2c8a | 13,310 |
By reducing the space he needed to fill with fiction Pohl managed to stretch his budget . A long letter column took up several pages but required no payment , and neither did running advertisements for Popular 's other magazines . Some authors sent inaccurate word counts with the stories they submitted , and savings w... | 439f25c215faeca5bb9467edc1392da6 | 13,311 |
Towards the end of 1940 Popular doubled Pohl 's salary to twenty dollars per week . In June 1941 Pohl visited Steeger to ask for a further raise , intending to resign and work as a free @-@ lance writer if he was unsuccessful . Steeger was unreceptive , and Pohl commented later " I have never been sure whether I quit ... | 73466abfafa4a1b21a3d484720c745e6 | 13,312 |
Pohl was not eligible to be drafted for military service as he was married , but by the end of 1942 his marriage was over and he decided to enlist . As voluntary enlistment was suspended he was unable to immediately join the army , but eventually was inducted on April 1 , 1943 . Paper was difficult to obtain because o... | d928d46624700b107f5bd60c919c7bca | 13,313 |
In late 1948 , as a second boom in science fiction publishing was beginning , Popular decided to revive the magazine . Jakobsson later recalled hearing about the revival while on vacation , swimming in a lake , five miles from a phone : " A boy on a bicycle showed on shore and shouted , ' Call your office . ' " When h... | 07f19b288d13878458c299596c3699c3 | 13,314 |
= = Contents and reception = =
| 057f31de965db54c3a7eeaf1a5d282a3 | 13,316 |
Because of the low rates of pay , the stories submitted to Super Science Stories in its first year had generally already been rejected elsewhere . However , Pohl was a member of the Futurians , a group of science fiction fans that included Isaac Asimov , C.M. Kornbluth , Richard Wilson and Donald Wollheim ; the Futuri... | efeff5599c243de0d8f6bbb38036351d | 13,318 |
The first issue , dated March 1940 , contained " Emergency Refueling " , James Blish 's first published story , two stories by John Russell Fearn ( one under the pseudonym " Thornton Ayre " ) , fiction by Frank Belknap Long , Ross Rocklynne , Raymond Gallun , Harl Vincent and Dean O 'Brien ; and a poem by Kornbluth , ... | 1d999b5dabffd07f87a16cca72e17da2 | 13,319 |
Although most stories submitted to Super Science Stories were rejects from the better @-@ paying markets such as Astounding Science Fiction , Pohl recalled in his memoirs that John W. Campbell , the editor of Astounding , would occasionally pass on a good story by a prolific author because he felt readers did not want... | b5f75751f291e368d8e9fda15eb6635f | 13,320 |
The second run of Super Science Stories included some fiction that had first appeared in the Canadian reprint edition , which outlasted the U.S. original and printed eleven stories that had been acquired but not printed by the time Popular shut Super Science Stories and Astonishing down in early 1943 . These included ... | c07e0c0035d0da9ab011d24c055dfbed | 13,321 |
Some of the original stories were well @-@ received : for example , Ray Bradbury 's " The Impossible " , which appeared in the November 1949 issue , and was later included in Bradbury 's book The Martian Chronicles , is described by sf historian Raymond Thompson as a " haunting ... comment on man 's attempts to realiz... | a4ae830127a16bca2b970f6250751f41 | 13,322 |
The book reviews in Super Science Stories were of a higher standard than elsewhere in the field , and historian Paul Carter regards Astonishing and Super Science Stories as the place where " book reviewing for the first time began to merit the term ' literary criticism ' " , adding that " it was in those magazines tha... | aaf6fc7c9516cb6c9417386a330f4914 | 13,323 |
Sf historian Mike Ashley regards Super Science Stories as marginally better than its companion magazine , Astonishing , adding " both are a testament to what a good editor can do with a poor budget " . According to sf critics Brian Stableford and Peter Nicholls , the magazine " had a greater importance to the history ... | 26385b2cdab59829aa3c92a568cf7d86 | 13,324 |
= = Bibliographic details = =
| 7e809e83be50d99c956faf9cc5e54e0a | 13,326 |
The first run of Super Science Stories was edited by Frederik Pohl from March 1940 through August 1941 ( nine issues ) , and then by Alden H. Norton from November 1941 through May 1943 ( seven issues ) . Ejler Jakobsson was the editor throughout the second run , from January 1949 to August 1951 . The publisher was Pop... | 4dd61989e2385299fd2666f025137300 | 13,328 |
= = = Canadian and British editions = = =
| 747dd6156a185ff848b36364fde23190 | 13,330 |
In 1940 , as part of the War Exchange Conservation Act , Canada banned the import of pulp magazines . Popular launched a Canadian edition of Astonishing Stories in January 1942 , which lasted for three bimonthly issues and reprinted two issues of Astonishing and one issue of Super Science Stories . With the August 194... | e4b037283c312eaabf72a2fb2b825259 | 13,332 |
Each issue of the Canadian edition corresponded to one issue of either Astonishing or Super Science : for example , the first two Canadian issues drew their contents from the February 1942 Super Science Stories and the June 1942 Astonishing , respectively . This pattern continued for ten issues . The next issue , date... | 558b5ded6d35d9860c2dfbb72123d11b | 13,333 |
In 1949 , when the second run of the US Super Science Stories began , another Canadian edition appeared , but this was identical in content to the US version . Two British reprint editions of the second run also appeared , starting in October 1949 . The first was published by Thorpe & Porter ; the issues , which were ... | 20627901a82620fdf02f9c08e3494511 | 13,334 |
The British issues are abridged versions of US issues from both the first and second series . The titles corresponded to the titles on the US magazine from which the stories were taken , so all were titled Super Science Stories except for the April 1953 issue , which was titled Super Science Novels Magazine .
| 82a67809a81154e3a1acef3851f83dc8 | 13,335 |
= HMS Hostile ( H55 ) =
| c6a3db822ca8853d9bf4529c006a717f | 13,338 |
HMS Hostile ( H55 ) was an H @-@ class destroyer built for the Royal Navy in the 1930s . During the Spanish Civil War of 1936 – 1939 the ship spent considerable time in Spanish waters , enforcing the arms blockade imposed by Britain and France on both sides of the conflict . She was transferred to Freetown , Sierra Le... | fcabf05857f07909d86a4432437b951f | 13,340 |
= = Description = =
| 7096d9cc91723f919ab4f5acdab6bccb | 13,342 |
Hostile displaced 1 @,@ 350 long tons ( 1 @,@ 370 t ) at standard load and 1 @,@ 883 long tons ( 1 @,@ 913 t ) at deep load . The ship had an overall length of 323 feet ( 98 @.@ 5 m ) , a beam of 33 feet ( 10 @.@ 1 m ) , and a draught of 12 feet 5 inches ( 3 @.@ 8 m ) . She was powered by Parsons geared steam turbines... | bf78fc856a2018b2b94b15e8e7f4f6d0 | 13,344 |
The ship mounted four 45 @-@ calibre 4 @.@ 7 @-@ inch ( 120 mm ) Mark IX guns in single mounts . For anti @-@ aircraft defence Hostile had two quadruple Mark I mounts for the 0 @.@ 5 inch Vickers Mark III machine gun . She was fitted with two above @-@ water quadruple torpedo tube mounts for 21 @-@ inch ( 533 mm ) tor... | 014ff908b91f2c4fc9f2025b830a0dc0 | 13,345 |
= = Service = =
| 74a6e74bb6776ec5bca6d2fa2727e14c | 13,347 |
Hostile was laid down by Scotts Shipbuilding & Engineering Company at Greenock , Scotland on 27 February 1935 , launched on 24 January 1936 , and completed on 10 September 1936 . Excluding government @-@ furnished equipment like the armament , the ship cost £ 253 @,@ 382 . She was assigned to the 2nd Destroyer Flotill... | f01690facbffc721cfee17cb504ce6b8 | 13,349 |
In October the ship was transferred to Freetown to hunt for German commerce raiders in the South Atlantic with Force K. The ship and her half @-@ sisters , Hardy , Hereward , and Hasty , rendezvoused with the battlecruiser Renown , the aircraft carrier Ark Royal , and the light cruiser Neptune on 17 December . They re... | dbb1fa3a64470341d638f7663cc8faab | 13,350 |
On 9 July Hostile participated in the Battle of Calabria as an escort for the heavy ships of Force C and unsuccessfully engaged Italian destroyers , suffering no damage . The ship , together with her sister , Hero , and the destroyers Nubian and Mohawk , were ordered to Gibraltar on 22 August where they were to join F... | a94f7479093e442a6bda0a5760441bee | 13,351 |
= Rocky Mountain Horse =
| 5ee061f92ea1f7f3dafc70c1e99914dd | 13,354 |
The Rocky Mountain Horse is a horse breed developed in the state of Kentucky in the United States . Despite its name , it originated not in the Rocky Mountains , but instead in the Appalachian Mountains . A foundation stallion , brought from the western United States to eastern Kentucky around 1890 , began the Rocky M... | caa54f182a19ef7246ba0cbc4d55a3ed | 13,356 |
= = Breed characteristics = =
| fa44207fdb71bb0f3408c1e80a859bf2 | 13,358 |
Rocky Mountain Horses stand between 14 @.@ 2 and 16 hands ( 58 and 64 inches , 147 and 163 cm ) high . Any solid color is accepted by the registry , but a dark brown color called " chocolate " with a pale , " flaxen " mane and tail is preferred . This coloration is the result of the relatively rare silver dapple gene ... | d723740746e1ac94bd1225ba68ce081c | 13,360 |
The breed exhibits a natural ambling gait , called the single @-@ foot , which replaces the trot seen in a majority of horse breeds . Both gaits are an intermediate speed between a walk and a canter or gallop ; ambling gaits are four @-@ beat gaits , whereas the trot is a two @-@ beat gait . The extra footfalls provid... | 8eb7daceaa366095be5495ffdb1e58a3 | 13,361 |
= = History = =
| fd3fc667e330e6e3944a4f085f9ef39d | 13,363 |
Eastern Kentucky is known for its gaited breeds , created through a mixture of Spanish horses from the southern United States and English horses from the North . American Saddlebreds , Tennessee Walking Horses and Missouri Fox Trotters also originated in the same general geographic area , from the same mixing of Spani... | a55535168be1c1ee1774e3f88e2f370d | 13,365 |
This foundation stallion produced a descendent , named Old Tobe , who became the more modern father of the Rocky Mountain Horse breed . Old Tobe was owned by a resident of Spout Springs , Kentucky named Sam Tuttle . For most of the 20th century , Tuttle was a prominent breeder of Rocky Mountain Horses , and helped to ... | 984f56328f92fb1687e47e1968350330 | 13,366 |
In 1986 , the Rocky Mountain Horse Association was created to increase population numbers and promote the breed ; there were only 26 horses in the first batch of registrations . Since then , the association has , over the life of the registry , registered over 25000 horses as of 2015 , and the breed has spread to 47 s... | b25a109b1b55987b988d8bc6307576cf | 13,367 |
The breed was originally developed for general use on the farms of the Appalachian foothills , where it was found pulling plows and buggies , working cattle and being ridden by both adults and children . Today , it is still used for working cattle , as well as endurance riding and pleasure riding . The breed 's gait a... | 6bb15d109f0254bd29158dda93a62bd1 | 13,368 |
= Somerset County Cricket Club in 2009 =
| 769162e5b15f995715b48cd70599d240 | 13,371 |
Somerset County Cricket Club competed in four domestic competitions during the 2009 English cricket season : the first division of the County Championship , the Friends Provident Trophy , the first division of the NatWest Pro40 League and the Twenty20 Cup . Through their performance in the Twenty20 Cup , the team qual... | 91a9968c6fb472c2f5c8e316955255e7 | 13,373 |
Consistent performances in the County Championship helped Somerset remain challengers for the competition until the last few weeks of the season , but the batting @-@ friendly pitch at their home ground , the County Ground , Taunton , meant that the county finished with too many draws to claim their first Championship... | db8305704712fee4512a8c64af5b3714 | 13,374 |
Somerset were captained for the third successive season by their Australian overseas player , Justin Langer , who announced during the season that it would be his last with Somerset . Marcus Trescothick topped the national batting tables , scoring almost 3 @,@ 000 runs in all competitions in 2009 ; as a result , he wa... | a72aef49bf1e09e01ddf0351f4310304 | 13,375 |
= = Background = =
| d514b18e9690308b2ac67a227be74a70 | 13,377 |
After promotion from the second division of the County Championship in 2007 , Somerset were among the first division title contenders in the 2008 . A loss to Lancashire in the final match of the season meant they finished in fourth place . David Foot , writing in Wisden , claimed that too many of the Somerset batsmen ... | fb06b9607fa4747f43a2537af92d093c | 13,379 |
Somerset promoted four players from their academy for the 2009 season , giving contracts to Jos Buttler , Adam Dibble , Chris Jones and James Burke . Of these , only Buttler appeared in the first @-@ team during the season . They also signed David Stiff , a fast bowler capped at Under @-@ 19 level for England , on a t... | 4b5f7dbdeae4c8021a96b3aaf4c99211 | 13,380 |
In his preview of the 2009 season for ESPNcricinfo , Andrew McGlashan identified Somerset 's opening partnerships with bat and ball as their main strengths , but predicted that the middle order would struggle to make an impact in the County Championship , stating that " none [ of the middle order ] jump out as potenti... | c43f15914d5cd42a4b423ad67c7ee96b | 13,381 |
= = Squad = =
| 683671e515b568ade81ddac731aec1e5 | 13,383 |
The following players made at least one appearance for Somerset in first @-@ class , List A or Twenty20 cricket in 2009 . Age given is at the start of Somerset 's first match of the season ( 15 April 2009 ) .
| 268e52a22058957941452f8f0aa432ce | 13,385 |
= = County Championship = =
| 79ce46e8b71a69c3dc3f385b5089fa76 | 13,387 |
Although Marcus Trescothick had a season which David Foot described as " imperiously assured " , Somerset failed to win enough matches to pose a real challenge in the 2009 County Championship . The flat pitch at the County Ground , Taunton did not help their efforts ; the imbalance in favour of the batsmen meant that ... | 4ecb87f11dab19b8b4e98887b1b8c882 | 13,389 |
In contrast to the strong batting line @-@ up , Foot suggested that Somerset " lacked a seam bowler to compensate for Andrew Caddick 's withdrawal " . Caddick — who made his first @-@ class debut for Somerset in 1991 — only played five matches in 2009 , and announced his intention to retire at the end of the season . ... | f8eefe925cb378cbb483c497f11e3d67 | 13,390 |
Somerset began their season by playing out a high @-@ scoring draw at home against Warwickshire , in which both teams reached 500 in their first innings . James Hildreth scored a triple @-@ century , reaching the milestone earlier in an English season than any player previously , and became the first English player to... | 8280068bc2a513c14855316b48878545 | 13,391 |
In each of their following two matches , at home against Hampshire and away to Worcestershire , Somerset batted first and then enforced the follow @-@ on after bowling their opponents out cheaply . In each their opponents managed to avoid defeat , and both matches resulted in draws . During the Worcestershire match , ... | 207484b9ab4d9d6eac46656d1e6328eb | 13,392 |
= = = Season standings = = =
| e37289b3b488da0473d77217ddd7b868 | 13,394 |
Key : Pld
| d245c5fbf43587245a865975c21e1e57 | 13,396 |
= Played , W =
| 8697ad0cea07ad7f6de2c35407b8a552 | 13,397 |
Wins , L
| 07489aeabedbeac9cf2ca7ffa7e3a4c8 | 13,398 |
= Losses , D =
| c19e5504e6239765269466e0931fe56e | 13,399 |
Draws , T
| ffd3001dd768c07a96976ebea7b68614 | 13,400 |
= Ties , A =
| 664fa21e34113b028ec6f815d7d3dcb5 | 13,401 |
Abandonments , Bat
| 605445edce24db3b5bc16174172edaa2 | 13,402 |
= Batting points , Bwl =
| 5e7327845ddc3e8055d384c45b6a8fa7 | 13,403 |
Bowling points , Adj
| ab344c8bdc7c6c2670bdcbf06ef95231 | 13,404 |
= Adjustments / Penalties , Pts =
| 4479348c63044a7c6966ff000ca1338b | 13,405 |
Points .
| 6a3c11d804e090d3f21fd23541d74b9a | 13,406 |
Adjustments :
| 7ddd671978f3b177a5a3805c7f30575b | 13,407 |
Hampshire deducted 3 points for a slow over @-@ rate in their match against Worcestershire .
| deade89b350555767b12e2978f0d4836 | 13,408 |
Durham deducted 1 point for a slow over @-@ rate in their match against Sussex .
| bdfc2e1b24b24e15ccab0ace7cfc946e | 13,409 |
Somerset deducted 1 point for a slow over @-@ rate in their match against Durham .
| 9d550bad0363e8e508ea3b991188a3aa | 13,410 |
Sussex deducted 1 point for a slow over @-@ rate in their match against Worcestershire.Notes :
| 68b80aea033690272785624982d0cc7d | 13,411 |
Team marked ( C ) won the County Championship .
| 387451920720a0801f5cb0a02da4f081 | 13,412 |
Teams marked ( R ) were relegated to Division Two of the County Championship .
| 8cb950b4f352c768af637beb755fa2fe | 13,413 |
= = = Match log and statistics = = =
| d8444b8fe6827325d15f33ddd827c454 | 13,415 |
= = Friends Provident Trophy = =
| 6130f73e4e108c37d8ed6382c92c6e6f | 13,418 |
In the 2009 Friends Provident Trophy , the first one @-@ day competition in the English domestic calendar , Somerset showed a marked improvement from the previous season . They were described by Steve James , writing in Wisden , as " the most impressive qualifiers " from the group stage , and both Trescothick and Kies... | c6058e3fbe726cf2585e2b77c8819223 | 13,420 |
During the group stages of their campaign , Somerset achieved a number of large victories . They won by eight wickets against Warwickshire and Middlesex , and by more than a hundred runs against Kent and Scotland . Their match against Middlesex at Lord 's was marred by some controversy , after Somerset were allowed to... | 92e0e0b81ac0dc607195c1551f5ded8d | 13,421 |
The two matches played against Middlesex were in stark contrast ; in the match played at the Recreation Ground , Bath , Somerset bowled the London side out for 65 , the joint second @-@ lowest total made against Somerset in a List A match , while the 341 / 7 which Middlesex made at Lord 's was the fourth @-@ highest t... | 22384f57f0540c66becbdd364db2bd73 | 13,422 |
Zander de Bruyn finished the competition with the highest batting average amongst batsmen who played five or more innings . Four Somerset batsmen scored over 300 runs in the tournament ( Trescothick , 476 ; Kieswetter , 395 ; de Bruyn , 388 ; Hildreth , 313 ) , more than any other county except eventual winners Hampsh... | eb701a407b50a9c170d0d40859f054f2 | 13,423 |
= = = Season standings = = =
| e37289b3b488da0473d77217ddd7b868 | 13,425 |
Key : Pld
| d245c5fbf43587245a865975c21e1e57 | 13,427 |
= Played , W =
| 8697ad0cea07ad7f6de2c35407b8a552 | 13,428 |
Wins , T
| 4d80c7a7801ae60f3cd2e8f83d7a62bd | 13,429 |
= Ties , L =
| 9622b091dec151522248d7b173811313 | 13,430 |
Losses , NR
| a39cb6bbc6b04426ab25eed94f2fa05b | 13,431 |
= No result , Pts =
| b6a0e69c2633fca723b79befec10f7b1 | 13,432 |
Points , NRR = Net run rate .
| 5df858557736493e02dce66046fe634d | 13,433 |
Notes :
| 3d1d8df9512672e2b3f25dc5ea3cc75d | 13,434 |
Teams marked * progressed to the next stage of the competition .
| 2e7915a4b574d7a4a05fe9a1e53ae5e4 | 13,435 |
Teams marked † were eliminated from the competition .
| 4390852b4eaedde9fcb770a03609a3dd | 13,436 |
= = = Match logs and statistics = = =
| bb59d7c9a61970ec742b8b25c4e23cf9 | 13,438 |
= = Twenty20 Cup = =
| 4517e8dbf29ae4f676126f6ce63aad8e | 13,441 |
Somerset finished as runners @-@ up to Sussex in the 2009 Twenty20 Cup , having reached Finals Day in what captain Justin Langer described as " bizarre " fashion . Somerset qualified for the knock @-@ out stages of the competition as the best third @-@ placed team during the group stage , then beat Lancashire in a bow... | 3aaf984a2b729cbba6db3245e30af4b4 | 13,443 |
After the Indian Premier League 's second season demonstrated the importance of spin bowling in Twenty20 cricket , and due to Somerset 's lack of a front @-@ line spin bowler , Somerset picked young leg spinner Max Waller to make his Twenty20 debut in their opening match of the campaign . He claimed three wickets in t... | 51048e0d0d91212b11600574c43ebfa1 | 13,444 |
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