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It is important to note that this was a data-analysis study, meant to derive a correlation between Arctic warmth and extremes in winter weather in the United States -- but correlation does not mean causation. However, the connection appears to be too strong to ignore.
"Our statistical analysis shows that one is more likely to be struck by lightning, attacked by a shark and win the Powerball all at the same time than the possibility of severe winter weather in the northeastern US not being related to Arctic temperatures," Cohen said in a release.
While the study did not explain how the warmer Arctic is causing the more frequent and more extreme winter storms such as the recent strong of nor'easters, it did offer some possibilities that are supported by their data.
Most simply, reduced sea ice and warmer arctic temperatures lead to a weakening of the polar vortex -- the real one in the stratosphere, not the catchy name that has been applied to cold air outbreaks in recent years.
Think of the polar vortex as a belt of very strong winds in the upper level of the atmosphere. When the vortex is strong, it keeps the bitter arctic cold bottled up in the polar regions. But when it weakens, the cold air can spill out and the jet stream can dip much further south, bringing with it the cold air and heav...
Images from the NSIDC showing the Arctic Oscillation. The left image is the positive phase and the right image is the negative phase.
But recent trends cannot be explained by the Arctic Oscillation alone.
"During this time period in December 2017 and early January 2018, the AO was positive," Cohen told CNN.
In fact, the correlation with severe winter weather was stronger with the Arctic warmth parameters used in the study than with the traditional Arctic Oscillation.
But climate models do not handle this relationship very well, which makes explaining how a warming climate is resulting in colder and snowier winters more difficult. In fact, the most reliable climate models indicate that cold extremes and heavy snowfall should decrease as the Arctic continues to warm.
Determining the exact mechanism that is causing the warmer Arctic to bring about these disruptive and costly winter storms will be the focus of Cohen and his team going forward, as well as many in the field of climate change research.
This is especially the case in light of the record-breaking extreme weather seen in the first few months of 2018 across Europe and the United States.
"This study highlights the difficulty in disentangling the cause-and-effect between Arctic warming and middle latitude extreme events," Ryan Maue, a meteorologist with weather.us who was unaffiliated with this research told CNN.
"While no firm scientific consensus exists in the climate community on these Arctic interactions, this research communication will help direct future research and spur timely debate on a high impact climate change problem,' Maue said.
Leaf spot is common among most types of irises.
1 What Causes Brown Spots on Iris Plants?
4 What Are the Spots on My Iris Leaves?
Irises (Iris spp.) are one of the most recognizable garden plants, but the showy appearance of the plants is greatly reduced when they are infected by iris leaf spot. The disease is caused by a fungus called Mycosphaerella or Didymellina macrospora -- big names for a tiny organism. The fungus thrives in mild, moist wea...
Iris leaf spot doesn't usually kill irises immediately. It does, however, weaken the plants if it is allowed to return year after year. In time, it may kill the irises or leave them so weak they become susceptible to other diseases. The first step in curing your irises is to keep them as healthy as possible by caring f...
Iris leaf spot first presents just as it sounds -- as tiny, yellowish-green spots on the leaves. At first, the spots usually appear on the upper half of the leaf, but the fungus can also affect the stem and flowers as well. Soon, the spots grow larger and reach lengths of about 1/4 inch. They then turn brown and dry an...
Begin by cutting off and disposing of any infected leaves or at least the part of the leaf that is infected. This prevents the spores from spreading to other nearby leaves and plants. Then, thoroughly spray the plant with a fungicide until it is dripping wet. Choose one that contains copper, chlorothalonil, myclobutani...
Prevent the fungus from returning by minimizing the conditions it needs to thrive. Make sure your irises are in full sun or at least receive morning sunlight, which dries the dew from the leaves. Don't crowd them close together -- good air circulation is important in preventing iris leaf spot and other fungal diseases....
Sanders, April. "How to Cure Iris Leaf Spots." Home Guides | SF Gate, http://homeguides.sfgate.com/cure-iris-leaf-spots-98090.html. Accessed 25 April 2019.
How Millennial Are Your Struggles?
"You youths and your snapcharts and instakilos."
Tick off all that you've complained about.
Becoming addicted to online shopping.
Not getting enough likes on a selfie.
Not getting enough likes on a status.
Not being able to find the right emoji.
Struggling to make a real connection on Tinder.
Having to make small talk with your Uber driver.
Being confused when you miss the start of a new meme.
Struggling to find a pen or pencil when you need one.
Your favourite takeaway not offering home delivery.
Not being able to find a solved Yahoo Answers for your query.
Moving back in with your parents after uni.
Deciding whether to follow back or play hard to get.
Accidentally liking someone's really old selfie while stalking them.
Not being able to get a job without experience, but not being able to get experience without a job.
Your online shopping order taking longer to arrive than if you'd gone to the store.
Read receipts ruining your relationships.
Being scolded by your elders for being part of a hippie generation.
Having to make your own doctor's appointments.
Throwing a bored tantrum when your phone and laptop are updating.
Forgetting to take a picture of your aesthetically pleasing food.
Sarcasm not translating well through text.
Not looking good with any of the Instagram/Snapchat filters.
Having to use 3G when there's no 4G.
Being somewhere with no Wi-Fi.
Being somewhere where you have to ask for the Wi-Fi password.
Not being able to find the right reaction GIF.
Not knowing how to physically mail something when you need to.
Your lectures not being recorded and put online.
Fighting with your friend because they put up a group selfie where only they look good.
Your significant other not putting "in a relationship" on Facebook.
Having to pay for your own Netflix.
The barista at Starbucks getting your order slightly wrong.
Beach patrol captains in Maryland and Delaware are calling this summer season one of their best, despite an increase in rescues.
Local beach patrol captains are calling this summer season one of their best, despite an increase in rescues.
Ocean City Beach Patrol usually sees anywhere from 2,000 to 4,000 rescues over the summer. This year was on the higher end of that range, Capt. Butch Arbin said. Over the summer, Ocean City Beach Patrol made roughly 3,600 water rescues.
"This summer season was really good," Arbin said. "We had a lot of rescues, but no major incidents."
But since the lifeguards went off duty at the end of September, the Ocean City Fire Department has responded to several swimmer distress calls. These incidents did not result in any major injuries, said Jessica Waters, town spokesperson.
The Ocean City Career Firefighters and Paramedics Association warned beachgoers in a Facebook post not to swim during the offseason when lifeguards weren't on duty.
Over the weekend, two drowned at Assateague State Park, officials said.
Just like Ocean City, Delaware beaches saw an increase in rescues.
Fenwick Island Beach Patrol also executed more rescues this summer. In July alone, the beach patrol responded to about 80 rescue calls in the small Delaware beach town, and all were successful, Capt. Tim Ferry said.
Over the whole summer season, Fenwick Island Beach Patrol had just over 100 rescues. Usually August is the busiest month for rescues for the beach patrol, but this year it was July, Ferry said.
This year was the first in several years that Fenwick Island Beach Patrol did not have any ambulance calls, Ferry said. While the beach patrol did assist with about a dozen major medical calls, such as knee, back and shoulder injuries from rough surf, nothing required immediate medical attention.
"We were fortunate to not have any medical emergencies. It was a very safe and productive summer," Ferry said. "We had more rescues, but that's what the lifeguards train for, and they kept everyone safe."
All the local beach patrol captains in Maryland and Delaware said rip currents were the reason for the vast majority of their rescues this summer.
The threat of rip currents increases in the days following a storm, beach patrol captains said. With Tropical Storm Chris, Hurricane Florence and other storms affecting surf conditions by Delmarva beaches, rip currents were a common occurrence this summer.
While some areas had rougher surf, this summer's conditions were relatively mild for Dewey Beach Patrol, Capt. Todd Fritchman said.
"I've been a captain for 22 years and I was a senior lieutenant in Rehoboth Beach for 16 years before that, and this is one of the nicest summers I can remember," Fritchman said. "We had an amazing beach season."
Fritchman said he didn't have the season's exact rescue total yet, but he knew the number was down from previous years.
Bethany Beach Patrol's numbers were comparable to the previous four or five years, Capt. Joe Donnelly said. The patrol responded to 319 water rescues, about 30 emergency medical incidents and 104 lost or missing persons.
Donnelly added that Bethany Beach saw many visitors this summer, which was good for business.
"It was a good year. I think things went well," Donnelly said.
Now, with the summer season officially over, the Delmarva beach patrols have put away their lifeguard stands and are in offseason or maintenance mode.
Beach patrol captains warn visitors against swimming until May because there are no lifeguards currently on duty. If someone goes swimming during the offseason, then they are at a higher risk due to the longer response times.
The warm weather will likely continue for another month or so, which means some people will continue to swim without lifeguards present, Arbin said.
"Our biggest message to the public right now is for them to enjoy all the other activities in Ocean City. No swimming until May," Arbin said.
Cardi B's "Carpool Karaoke" appearance included a stop to a senior center, where a man named Gunter asked her out on a date. FULL CREDIT: "The Late Late Show with James Corden"
Cardi B’s appearance on “Carpool Karaoke” might be one of James Corden’s best segments yet.
The two started things out with a jam session to her hits, including “Bodak Yellow” and “Money,” with Cardi belting the lyrics out the window.
Then the conversation turned to Cardi B’s love of cars, and it turns out she owns five — including a Lamborghini, Maybach and a Bentley SUV. But she can’t drive any of them because she doesn’t know how to drive.
That’s when Corden took it upon himself to give the hitmaker a driving lesson. Let’s just say she didn’t pass the “test’ with flying colors.
But what happened next was totally unexpected and pure TV gold. Cardi B and Corden decided to perform her hit single “I Like It” at a senior center. The seniors didn’t seem to recognize Cardi but that didn’t stop them from movin’ and groovin’.
Cardi wasn’t single at the time but now that she and Offset have split, Gunter might just have a chance.
We invited the organizer of La Nuit sur L'Étang and La Nuit Émergente to join us in studio to talk about these huge francophone concert events happening in Sudbury. La Nuit Émergente features emerging artists. This year, La Nuit sur L'Étang will pay tribute to franco-Ontario singer/songwriter Robert Paquette, who also ...
Dover Planning Commission: 7 p.m., Dover Town Office.
Guilford Free Library Board of Trustees: 6:30 p.m. at the library on Guilford Center Road.
Guilford Planning Commission: 7 p.m., at the Guilford Town Offices.
Jamaica Planning Commission: 7 p.m., Jamaica Town Office.
Newfane Select Board: 6 p.m., Newfane Town Office.
Townshend Select Board: 6 p.m., Townshend Town Hall.
West River Modified Union Education District: VSBA Board Training, 6 p.m. at Leland & Gray Union High School.
West River Modified Union Education District Board: 7:30 p.m. at Leland & Gray Union High School.
Vernon Select Board: 6:30 p.m., in the Select Board Meeting Room, downstairs at Vernon Town Office.
Wilmington Development Review Board: 6 p.m., at the Wilmington Town Offices, 2 East Main St., in the Meeting Room.