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While brash and bold founders might become tech media darlings, it is the entrepreneurs who build their businesses upon an honorable character that will outlast the flash-in-the-pan companies. Being ballsy and brazen might score a founder initial interest in their venture, but a backbone of integrity and commitment to quality will help an entrepreneur succeed over the long haul. If you want to build a business that endures, CEO of UE.co, Jason Kulpa lists the five “C” characteristics you should weave into your personality and company culture.
A courageous founder is one who attempts feats others shy away from. Taking on market incumbents, emailing potential investors without a warm introduction, and launching product features even though they’re not perfect are tactics a business owner with chutzpah will try. A courageous entrepreneur is willing to bet on a customer’s love for their product over any potential bugs that can be worked out while in the open beta stage.
Company founders who make it big are the ones who remain committed to their business even when others don’t understand their long-term plans. They invest in the success of their team members, they’ll stop at nothing to introduce their company to the press, and they aren’t afraid to make major power moves to solidify their business’ place amongst industry leaders.
Successful entrepreneurs need to be clever thinkers. Uncovering innovative marketing techniques, approaching customer acquisition in a quirky way, or connecting with potential angel investors in an unorthodox manner are just some of the ways clever entrepreneurs set themselves apart from the competition.
A business leader who remains curious approaches company growth like a kid in a candy store. Problems don’t become roadblocks, but instead become opportunities to iterate. Curiosity weaves its way into everything from customer outreach to product development.
Creative founders look upon scaling issues as an opportunity to innovate. Instead of feeling overwhelmed by the need for rapid growth, a creative entrepreneur will mine their resources and talent pool to find repeatable processes for accelerated growth. Press outreach, user onboarding, and feature requests are all opportunities, not only to “think outside the box,” but also to throw away the box and iterate differently.
Growing a viable business takes more than just guts and gumption. It takes entrepreneurial skills and a focus on character growth. Will you be integrating any of these essential characteristics into your modus operandi?
Jason Kulpa is the founder and CEO of UE.co, an Inc. Fastest Growing Company that delivers cutting-edge marketing products and services. After graduating from the W.P. Carey School of Business at Arizona State, Mr. Kulpa made a career from encouraging growth in several exciting areas of the tech industry. He is San Diego Business Journal’s “Most Admired CEO” for 2018.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-24T04:41:13",
"url": "https://www.primopreneur.com/jason-kulpa-successful-san-diego-entrepreneur-describes-the-5-essential-c-attributes-if-you-want-to-become-a-successful-entrepreneur/",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
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Subtitle: You know that scene in The Karate Kid where, much to Mr. Miyagi's disbelief, Daniel catches a fly with chopsticks on his first try? I can relate. While walking through a field of clover, I told Reese how I've never yet seen one of the four-leaf variety in person before. Within several minutes, she plucked this. You beginner's luck, Reese-san.
And may your life contain much more of the same, Reese-san.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-18T22:22:39",
"url": "http://www.robinkramerwrites.com/2011/10/beginners-luck.html",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
Artisan At Willow Springs Apartments San Antonio Tx is free HD wallpaper. This wallpaper was upload at April 22, 2019 upload by admin in .You can download it in your computer by clicking resolution image in Download by size:. Don't forget to rate and comment if you interest with this wallpaper.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-22T17:33:08",
"url": "https://xanogen.net/artisan-at-willow-springs-apartments-san-antonio-tx.html",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
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|
Includes all meals and accommodation, outdoor activities, supervision, new friendships and heaps of holiday fun. Winter camp is the same same but different to Summer Camp. The same stunning venue, the same awesome hosts and delicious food, but a different and exciting camp program.
Book before 30 April and save $50pp (Early bird registration $599).
Book before 7 June to receive a complimentary Winter Camp hoodie personalised with your name.
What are arrival and departure times?
Arrival: Please arrive for registration between 10.30-11.15am Monday. A Welcome and Opening Ceremony will be held at 11.30am.
Departure: Please arrive to collect your child from 11am Friday. A Farewell and Closing Ceremony will be held at 11.30am, followed by light lunch for campers and families, with final departure by 1pm.
Need transport to camp? Cave Hill Creek also provides an accompanied transport service on the V-Line train to Beaufort from Southern Cross and return. If you would like your child to use this service it is essential to pre-book with us. Tickets are $50 each return.
Friday arrival: Ararat Train arrives Southern Cross 5.16pm.
When you book your child's place we will request details of medical, dietary and other items we should be aware of to best care for your child during their stay with us.
What do I bring on camp?
We will email all campers with a list of equipment (incl what not to bring) prior to camp.
You can transfer to a different camp or request a full refund up to 14 days prior to camp. A $20 administration fee will apply to all refunds.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-21T10:58:52",
"url": "https://chc.venueregistrations.net/winter-camp-9",
"language": "en",
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Studying the modulation of CTL epitopes by pathogens as immune evasion strategy.
Developing algorithm for CTL response/ immunodominance.
Vider-Shalit, Tal, Ronit Sarid, Kobi Maman, Lea Tsaban, Ran Levi, and Yoram Louzoun. (2009). Viruses selectively mutate their CD8+ T-cell epitopes–a large-scale immunomic analysis. Bioinformatics 25:i39-44.
Yaakov Maman, Antoine Blancher, Jennifer Benichou, Adi Yablonka, Sol Efroni, Yoram Louzoun. (2011) Immune induced evolutionary selection focused on a single reading frame in overlapping HBV proteins. Journal Of Virology. In Press.
Yaakov Maman, Ran Nir-Paz, Yoram Louzoun (2011) Bacteria modulate the CD8+ T cell epitope repertoire of host cytosol-exposed proteins to manipulate the host immune response. Submitted.
Nora C. Toussaint, Yaakov Maman, Oliver Kohlbacher and Yoram Louzoun (2011) Universal peptide vaccines – optimal peptide vaccine design based on viral sequence conservation. Submitted.
Alexandra Agranovich , Kobi Maman , Yoram Louzoun. Escape mutations are mainly accumulated in short proteins in small viruses. ISMB-2011. Submitted.
In collaboration with the MRI unit of TASMC under the supervision of Dr. Dafna Ben-Bashat, we segment and classify multi-modal MRI scans into healthy and unhealthy (Lesion, edema, etc.) tissue classes, aiming for patient specific treatment of Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM).
Thesis: Deterministic decisions based on fuzzy receptor ligand interactions. Statistical analysis in various academic projects, such as the analysis of PET and fMRI imaging data, analysis of the relation between behavioral and physiological data.
Magori Cohen. R., Louzoun. Y., and Kleinstein. S. (2006) Mutation parameters from DNA sequence data using graph theoretic measures on lineage trees. Bioinformatics 22(14):e332-40.
Final stages of preparation: Magori Cohen. R., Louzoun. Y., and Kleinstein. S. Estimating underlying biological dynamics from sequence data using graph theoretic measures of clonal trees. Bulletin of Mathematical Biology.
Ruth Feldman, Reuma Magori Cohen, Giora Galili and Yoram Louzoun; (2011) Human Attachment is Supported by Biological Synchrony: Mother and Infant Coordinate Heart Rhythms through Episodes of Interaction Synchrony, Infant Behavior and Development 34(4):569-577.
Complexity Science, more specifically Complex Networks. I work on new measurements and algorithms on network theory , extreme events statistics and more general aspects of modeling .
focused on Bio-mathematical modeling of the cell complexity.
problems of Biochemical networks, cell signal processing and population modeling.
Orit Lavi, Yoram Louzoun; “What cycles the cell?: An incremental methodology for the analysis of intra-cellular mechanisms”, submitted.
Orit Lavi, Yoram Louzoun, Eyal Klement; “Hygiene’s double-edged sword: Decreased exposure to Listeria may cause an upsurge in listeriosis”, submitted.
The main goal of my research is characterization of the peptide repertoire presented to the cellular immune system and the usage of the repertoire properties for different biological applications.
Louzoun Y, Vider T and Weigert B, (2006). T-cell epitope repertoire as predicted from human and viral genomes. Molecular Immunology 43 (6; 559- 569).
Vider- Shalit T, Raffaeli S and Louzoun Y, (2006). Virus-epitope vaccine design: Informatic matching the HLA-I polymorphism to the virus genome. The Molecular Immunology 44 (6; 1253- 1261).
Vider- Shalit T, Fishbain V, Raffaeli S and Louzoun Y, (2006). Phase dependent immune evasion of Herpesviruses. Journal of Virology, pending minor revision.
Raffaeli S, Vider-Shalit T, Tsaban L, Fishbain V and Louzoun Y (2006). PEPTIBASE – a novel CD8 T cell epitope database server. Bioinformatics, submmited.
Almani M, Raffaeli S, Vider-Shalit T, Tsaban L, Fishbain V and Louzoun Y, (2008). Human self-protein CD8+ T-cell epitopes are both positively and negatively selected. European Journal of Immunology, 39 (4; 1056-65).
Vider-Shalit T, Almani M, Sarid R and Louzoun Y, (2009). The HIV Hide and Seek Game as Revealed by Immunogenomic Analysis of Viral Epitopes. AIDS, in press.
this data is composed of k population, we will give every population different “color”. We need to find matrix A, that will transform X so we will get good separation of the population or of the “colors”, Z=AX.
At the first step, we will find the direction A1 that maximizes the mutual information between Z and the “colors”. I(Z)=H(Z)+H(colors)-H(z;colors).
We will then find a direction A2 that minimize the mutual information on the new data and remove the projection on this dimension from the vectors. We will then continue this process n times, where n is the dimension we want to reduce our data to.
Second stage: we will find the same matrix A without using iterative methods.
My research deals with Network analysis, such as the World Wide Web, scale free networks, biological networks etc. The main goal is to find scaling properties of network measurements using an appropriate sampling method.
Royi Itzhack, Yelena Mogilevski, Yoram Louzoun, An Optimal Algorithm for counting network motifs, Math department, Bar Ilan University, 52900 Ramat-Gan, Israel.
Calculation of the structural attributes of peptides presented to MHC I and the similarity between them.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-24T10:17:20",
"url": "http://peptibase.cs.biu.ac.il/?page_id=93",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
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When Chris’ dad retired he went on a bird carving course, Chris was given a bird carving kit of a Cedar Goldeneye for Christmas and this was to become his first carving. Quickly followed by a Shoveler Hen.
In 1993 he joined the BDWCA and later that same year he picked up a couple of rosettes, no first but never the less he was hooked.
Chris has won and continues to win many awards, his main awards are The Bird Illustrated Award, The Birds, Birds Birds Gallery Award and The Arcadia Award.
A folk artist from Cheshire, England, Chris draws his influence from both his own observations of birds and the early decoys of North America. A strong belief in the simplicity of line, form and colour direct the final and original designs for which he is known both at home and abroad.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-24T06:14:54",
"url": "https://www.thesculpturepark.com/chris-hindley/",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
Automate America is a place where every user communicates what they offer and what they need instantly. Customers now have access to hundreds of engineering firms to quote their work instantly. Service Companies no longer worry about non-billable bench time for their employees. Employees who have wanted to go independent but hesitated because of sales, marketing, accounting, and supplier ID concerns… now can because we handle all of that for free. Independent Contractors now have a consistent flow of work that gets more abundant every day which gives them the choice to travel or work locally.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-21T23:00:17",
"url": "http://ascratech.com/automateamerica-detail.html",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
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This auction is one for a Fabulous Antique Swimaway Brand, black wool bathing suit. This is from the 1910s to 1920s. This suit is in great condition no spots, stains or odors. It has had a little alteration, it has been taken in a little.
Chest is 16" and double fot chest is 32" waist measures 16" double for waist is 32" length 32"
Bwahahah! Of the many things that can be said about ladies in the 1920's, modest is not one of them. No, this is very much a lady's swimsuit. You can tell by the slight skirt and the tag of a lady swimming. Honestly, I bet this would still sell today if it came in a different color and had trim around the edge of the skirt.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-24T02:02:52",
"url": "http://www.extantgowns.com/2013/08/1920s-ladies-swimsuit.html",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
When you need a creative boost or feel like you can't get your mind to settle down, you can use these grounding techniques to help bring you back to earth.
Wondering if it’s time to close your design business? Here are the warning signs and the most important thing your company needs to be doing.
Why you do belong and why we need you to show up now.
We must form an interior design community where we look out for everyone in our industry.
Rah, rah, everybody get a flag and wave it. We’re going to cheer each other on and have an eternal kumbaya moment. Cue the virtual group hug.
Do you know how to tell if someone is conning you? I'll give you some tips on how to spot them and how to not be perceived as one of them.
Working for yourself isn't easy and it isn't always fun, but it's the most rewarding thing you can do.
Online business has become saturated with a ton of fake entrepreneurs, or as I like to call them Shitpreneurs. Don't let them rain on your parade or keep you from doing what you need to be doing.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-19T00:29:06",
"url": "https://www.alyciawicker.com/blog?category=Spirit",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
and 1.35 mi upstream from mouth.
PERIOD OF RECORD.-- October 2005 to current year.
minimum discharge, 0.27 ft³/s, Aug. 31, Sept. 1, 2010, as a result of regulation.
Agency, the Town of Hancock, and the U.S. Geological Survey.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-23T16:19:36",
"url": "https://waterdata.usgs.gov/md/nwis/uv/?site_no=01613095&PARAmeter_cd=00065,00060,62615,62620",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
A transmission is a powerful form of healing that works multidimensionally. Essentially, your being becomes a conduit, connecting the high vibrational frequencies of Christ Consciousness and anchoring them into Gaia’s earth grids of light. As you channel these energies they displace long-standing patterns, belief systems and fears from the depths of your being, resulting in powerful shifts in your external reality.
The innate wisdom of the high frequency consciousness and energies invoked allows us to work multidimensionally. This means that whether the blocked energies, contracts, traumas or whatever it may be are held on the physical, mental, emotional, spiritual, causal or etheric bodies, the healing energies will trace the issue to its source, clearing and balancing all levels of your being across all time, dimensions, space and realities.
Because the energies work multidimensionally, it means that they can root out very stubborn karmic cycles that you may feel trapped within. If you’ve tried many times to break free of something holding you back but not succeeded so far, this healing system can finally give you the liberation you seek. Often these issues are either ancestral, contractual or karmic, so trying to resolve them through self-reflection simply isn’t enough. The frequencies received during a transmission can penetrate deeply enough into your being to displace these blockages for good.
So much of our lives are spent disconnected. Even the most spiritually dedicated people have to deal with the day-to-day challenges of being human! As we draw closer to the solar flash, we are dealing with a major purging of shadow aspects and darkness. When you do a transmission you align fully with Source. This not only gives you a break from the harshness of life, but also gives you a reference point for how beautiful life can be when you fully embody your higher self and soul light.
During a transmission, you receive a beautiful, supportive and nurturing goddess energy from Gaia’s 5D crystalline earth grid. You can imagine this as a flower of life above and below her surface, formed from leylines, vortexes and her natural energy power points. You also receive a very high frequency energy from the Ascension grid, which can be envisioned as a layer of light that is pulsed from the Galactic Central Sun down into Gaia’s energy field and body. As these two energies Unite within you, their combined power allows you to have a deeply healing, incredibly blissful experience while remaining grounded in your body.
Gaia’s 5D crystalline grid and the Ascension Grid are always shifting and evolving. Because our planet and her inhabitants are transitioning into ascension, and because the Cosmos is a living, breathing and evolving being itself, the energies are different every time we work with them. When you receive a transmission you are realigning and attuning to the highest and newest energies available to us right now. This is still true when listening to an old transmission, as you will be interacting with the unique energies available at the time of listening.
There is information contained within our Divine Blueprint that is not always readily available to us in our physical lives. This could be gifts or talents from past lives; qualities that are yet to be activated in this life; or abilities that are only now becoming available due to the increased energies of the Cosmic and planetary climate. Transmissions naturally awaken and activate your DNA, bringing these gifts to the forefront of your consciousness and awareness so you can incorporate them into your everyday reality.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-18T12:52:14",
"url": "https://www.pleiadianhealingcenter.com/what-are-transmissions",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
Hi, I'm getting ready to replace my screen, but the bezel is missing from the kit. Can I still replace my ipad 3 (wifi only) screen without it? The adhesive strips were included.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-26T00:34:29",
"url": "https://www.ifixit.com/User/1775336/Nicole+workman",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
I love the title to this one. Also, I am in the background of the eating weird Kit Kat scene making Hot Pockets. MORE LIFE IN VIDEO!
Previous PostPrevious On Rodger Swan.
Next PostNext On Resolutions 2011.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-18T14:27:28",
"url": "https://www.killertofu.com/music/2011/week-in-video-episode-5-24-hour-snowbotic-dismemberment/",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
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|
1:3: Grace to you, and peace, from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.
1:6: That the communication of thy faith may become effectual by the acknowledging of every good thing which is in you in Christ Jesus.
1:7: For we have great joy and consolation in thy love, because the bowels of the saints are refreshed by thee, brother.
1:9: Yet for love's sake I rather beseech thee, being such an one as Paul the aged, and now also a prisoner of Jesus Christ.
1:14: But without thy mind would I do nothing; that thy benefit should not be as it were of necessity, but willingly.
1:16: Not now as a servant, but above a servant, a brother beloved, specially to me, but how much more unto thee, both in the flesh, and in the Lord?
1:17: If thou count me therefore a partner, receive him as myself.
1:19: I Paul have written it with mine own hand, I will repay it: albeit I do not say to thee how thou owest unto me even thine own self besides.
1:20: Yea, brother, let me have joy of thee in the Lord: refresh my bowels in the Lord.
1:21: Having confidence in thy obedience I wrote unto thee, knowing that thou wilt also do more than I say.
1:22: But withal prepare me also a lodging: for I trust that through your prayers I shall be given unto you.
1:24: Marcus, Aristarchus, Demas, Lucas, my fellowlabourers.
1:25: The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with your spirit. Amen.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-19T08:17:12",
"url": "http://the-new-way.org/bible/57_philemon.html",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
Lingfield College is an innovative and dynamic place to study, and good pastoral care is a fundamental part of the school’s ethos as we recognise that students who are happy work to potential in a way that unhappy ones do not.
The school has a relaxed, friendly and well-disciplined atmosphere, and provides its students with a strong support network, ranging from Tutors, Heads of Year and the Deputy Head (Pastoral) to a School Counsellor who is highly experienced in dealing with the problems faced by teenagers. Tutor groups at Lingfield are relatively small, which enables Tutors to develop close working relationships with their tutees. Emphasis is placed on preparing students for their future lives as rounded, confident adults by developing their skills, knowledge and resilience, and at Lingfield this is done on a continuous basis. Communication between parents, pupils and the school is encouraged at all times, and a schedule of Tutor Evenings, Parents’ evenings and talks aims to try and address academic and pastoral concerns before they develop.
The school encourages its pupils to learn about life beyond textbooks and examination specifications through talks from visiting speakers, interactive workshops and trips, as well as encouraging them to have a greater awareness of more personal issues – May 2015 saw a week’s programme of lectures, activity sessions, quizzes and discussions focused on the theme of well-being, aiming to encourage the school community (students, staff and parents) to gain a clearer understanding of the complexities of mental health.
Pupil Voice is an important factor in any school, and at Lingfield we have a range of ways in which we aim to gauge what our students feel about the school and how we can improve: we have a thriving School Council and run regular Pupil Focus Groups where pupils are asked to contribute their ideas. We also make use of online questionnaires to identify trends which can be used to inform both teaching and the types of support that are available. In 2016 we are delighted to be a pilot school for ‘Votes for Schools’, an exciting new initiative in the teaching of PSHE (Personal, Social, Health & Economic Education) which aims to develop students’ skills at formulating an informed opinion and working through the democratic process on a weekly basis. Students from Years 7-13 learn about a particular topic in the week’s news, discuss it within forms or in wider groups, and take part in an online vote that is collated with polls from other schools and used as a means of having young people’s voices heard.
Lingfield’s busy and dynamic atmosphere, coupled with its excellent facilities and strong, committed staff, allows its students to develop into confident and successful young adults who are ready to face the challenges posed by higher education and the world beyond.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-19T11:27:26",
"url": "https://www.lingfieldcollege.co.uk/senior/pastoral/",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
Hand ideas towels bathroom and powder for walmart. of paper hand towels for bathroom dispenser powder room and attractive perfect cool plan decor towel ideas images.
Paper hand towels for bathroom powder room guest and stunning cheap home decorations towel tray crafts inspirations ideas dispenser attractive perfect cool plan decor images.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-26T09:44:50",
"url": "https://www.naifhischool.com/paper-hand-towels-for-bathroom/paper-hand-towels-for-bathroom-dispenser-powder-room-and-attractive-perfect-cool-plan-decor-towel-ideas-images/",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
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|
Trouble installing TAGS into the club grip.
TAGS are designed to fit most standard club grips. If your club grips aren't standard size (i.e. too small) for TAGS to fit, some users have suggested using a dowel or something similar to slightly enlarge the hole. When installing tags, you'll need to twist the tag into the grip and it should be a tight fit. If you still have trouble or experience breakage, contact support.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-20T09:04:43",
"url": "https://support.golfpadgps.com/support/solutions/articles/6000199869-trouble-installing-tags-into-the-club-grip-",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
Just what you've been waiting for - coloured kraft-tex! Wait until you get your hands on this vibrant 'marsala' paper that looks, feels and wears like leather, but sews, cuts and washes just like fabric. Kraft-tex® is supple, yet strong enough to use for projects that get tough wear. Use it to bring an exciting new texture to your craft-sewing projects, mixed media arts and bookmaking. Now in brand-new, on-trend colours (no need to dye it yourself!), these colourful rolls of kraft-tex® may only be available for a limited time, so snap them up while the colours are in season.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-23T20:18:36",
"url": "https://www.searchpress.com/info.aspx?id=8252",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
Now that you have completed your watch repair and have determined that gasket is in good condition, you are ready to close the watch back again. Place the back on the case, making sure it is not tilted on an angle. Start by tightening the back with your fingers, turning it clockwise.
When you can no longer tighten the back with your fingers, take the case opener ball and position it against the case back again. Once you have a good grip on both the watch and the friction ball, continue tightening the back the rest of the way, turning it clockwise.
When the back will not tighten the back anymore, you know the back has been securely replaced on the watch. Now you can reset the watch and continue to wear it.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-23T02:05:29",
"url": "https://blog.esslinger.com/how-to-close-a-screw-down-case-back-with-a-case-opener-ball/",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
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|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-21T14:21:56",
"url": "https://www.123rf.com/stock-photo/efficiency.html",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
Technical Metal Corporation have 20 years of experiance in manufacturing & exporting of Security Anti Theft Bolts in india & global market. we supplied Security Anti Theft Bolts to 240 organization to 30 countries. Quality Anti Theft Bolts & Nuts are available in a wide range of grades, materials and sizes. We are a renowned Manufacturer, Exporter and Supplier of Anti Theft Bolts & Nuts from India.
Orders at Technical Metal Corporation are guaranteed fast delivery of the Security Anti Theft Bolts in the country. The main reason being we have an excellent warehousing and storage facilities for both finished and semi finished goods.They are made ready as per the urgent requirements of the customers. The Security Anti Theft Bolts are manufactured to sustain very high pressure and product warranty.In 2016 we have stocked more than 170 tons of Security Anti Theft Bolts in all sizes, to cater to immediate delivery and urgent needs of the clients. For small requirements we can dispatch the Security Anti Theft Bolts immediately against the purchase order.
A325 - Security Anti Theft Bolts, steel, heat treated, 120/105 ksi minimum tensile strength.
A490 - Security Anti Theft Bolts, alloy steel, heat treated, 150 ksi minimum tensile strength.
Our complete gamut of precision-engineered Anti Theft Bolts & Nuts is appropriate for various applications in hydraulic valves, pumps, construction, mining and logging. High in strength, these nuts are highly reliable and corrosion resistant. They comply with set industry standards and are quality approved by the authorities.We are the manufacturers of quality range of Shear Nuts and Anti-Theft Nuts, which are designed in different diameters and is used for different categories of assemblies. This range is heavily used in hydraulic valves, pumps, construction, mining and logging & electricity poles and steel towers. Known for reliable and corrosion resistant nature, this range is offered at very competitive prices in various dimensions & shapes as per the requirement at the customers.
We produce premium quality Security Anti Theft Bolts in variety of Material ranging from Nickel Alloys , Stainless Steels, Super Alloys, Duplex steels & Super Duplex, Copper & Copper Alloys.We produce different types of Security Anti Theft Bolts in almost all shapes & sizes.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-22T02:34:22",
"url": "https://www.technicalmetalcorp.com/industrial-fasteners/steel-fasteners/security-anti-theft-bolts-manufacturer-suppliers-india.html",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
Cheating on a spouse is the ultimate form of betrayal. It destroys trust, which is the very core of any loving relationship. Unfortunately, we have rarely observed couples who have successfully rebuilt their relationship after infidelity. They may stick to the notion that "once a cheater, always a cheater."
By nature, those who engage in infidelity are dishonest, disloyal, and lack moral strength within the relationship, so rebuilding the trust is a nearly impossible task. Why? Because cheating in marriage fractures a wholesome, successful, and enduring relationship at its very foundation.
Infidelity destroys most relationships where it's present, make no mistake about that.
Here's the blunt bottom line: there are NO excuses for infidelity. And there's no excuse for accepting it from your partner. It's an absolute deal-breaker — the first time, the second time, or anytime.
Cheating on the one you love is the most unpardonable of all sins. When a spouse or lover violates the "core of trust" or the "bond of faith" in the relationship, the very heart of that relationship has likely been destroyed.
Loving someone for a lifetime doesn't occur by accident. To keep love alive and thriving, both partners must do simple things, day in and day out, that nurture their relationship. In other words, you cannot betray the one you love and expect your marriage or relationship to survive happily.
It pains our heart to see couples embrace the values of the Desperate Housewives, thinking it's okay to cheat on a loved one and everything will be fine afterward. It drives an arrow through our hearts to think that there are people engaged in a loving relationship who think betrayal is an offense for which there's forgiveness.
The ultimate betrayal of the one you say you love is an unrecoverable act. Writers, therapists, counselors and psychologists who suggest otherwise are not only fooling themselves, they're misleading those they claim to want to help.
There's rarely EVER an authentic recovery from a relationship poisoned by cheating, betrayal, infidelity, and disloyalty. Those who have been successfully married for years know this is true. Don't be misled.
"Character" in marriage is real (and it matters!). To suggest otherwise is to ignore the basic tenets of successful relationships.
Being honest and trustworthy is at the heart of all the best loving relationships we have studied.
Those couples trust each other with their lives, their fortunes and their sacred honor. The damage done by breaking that trust it just too great. The relationship will never be the same. So, we're saying that when it comes to the topic of cheating in marriage, "the buck stops here." Cheating is definitely a deal-breaker.
Dr. Charles and Dr. Elizabeth Schmitz, America's #1 Love and Marriage Experts have been happily married for nearly 50 years. Giving advice you can trust, the Doctors share makes a man marriage material and other revealing truths in their latest multiple award-winning book, How to Marry the Right Guy.
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-22T10:16:06",
"url": "https://www.yourtango.com/experts/dr-charles-dr-elizabeth-schmitz/once-cheater-always-cheater-why-tolerating-your-partners-cheating-huge-mistake",
"language": "en",
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The IP address 217.240.79.111 is provided by Internet service provider operations, it's belong to the CDIR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) 217.224.0.0/11 (range 217.224.0.0 to 217.255.255.255). The autonomous system number (ASN) is 3320 and the numerical IP for 217.240.79.111 is 3656404847. You can ping 217.240.79.111 or do a traceroute by clicking on the button.
We use several IP database to locate 217.240.79.111. You can find the differents ip locations our Google map, coordinates 12.0956 - 49.015.
SPAM database lookup for adresse IP 217.240.79.111. Check if a website or an IP is blacklisted on major databases.
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-23T10:48:24",
"url": "https://whoisip.ovh/217.240.79.111",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
44 Phrases for Resume. Action Words For Resume. Best Resume Words Template. Great Resume Phrases Resume Ideas. power words to use in a resumes Amitdhull. phrases for resume 100 images phrases for resumes. 100 [ Strong Sales Words For Resume ]. Powerful Resume Words Best Letter Sample. Resume Phrases.
Resume Phrases Resume Ideas. Key Resume Phrases for Sales Sidemcicek. Resume Cover Letter Law Enforcement ficer Cover Letter. resume words and phrases 28 images words for resume.
tags: phrases for letter of application. phrases for cartoon description. phrases for speaking. phrases for giving feedback. phrases for analysis. phrases for a ment. phrases for negotiations. phrases for changing the topic. phrases for self appraisal. phrases for explaining.
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-20T00:33:35",
"url": "https://www.nickverstappen.com/phrases-for-resume",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
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A program that delivers advertising content to the user. It is usually annoying but harmless, unless it is combined with spyware or trackware.
PC: Based on the settings of your F-Secure security product, it may block the file from running, move it to the quarantine where it cannot spread or cause harm, or ask you to select an action.
Mobile: Once the scan is complete, the F-Secure security product will ask you if you want to uninstall the program, move it to the quarantine or keep it installed on your device.
If you are aware of the risks involved in using the file and consent to its use, you may change the settings of your F-Secure security product to allow the file to run. You may also change the settings to exclude it from scanning.
An adware program displays advertisements on the computer or device. The advertising content may be displayed on the desktop, during a web browsing session or in the interface of a program or mobile application.
Adware is often bundled with free software that provides some functionality to the user. This is especially true on mobile platforms such as Android, where developers typically rely on third-party advertising to provide users with free applications. If a user is unaware of the 'ad-supported' nature of such programs, they may cause considerable annoyance.
If the functionality provided by adware outweighs the potential inconvenience of advertisements being displayed, you may choose to keep the program installed.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-19T23:22:41",
"url": "https://www.f-secure.com/sw-desc/adware.shtml",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
Boast your interiors using this 7 ring light ceiling flush in chrome. One large ring hangs directly from the chrome base and then either side there 3 lights suspend elegantly. This item will bring a modern and stylish appeal to your living room. LEDs use up to 85% less energy and last up to 20 times longer than incandescent bulbs.
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-21T08:49:13",
"url": "http://lavishhome.pro-shops.co.uk/searchlight/7-light-led-ring-ceiling-flush-chrome",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
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Having a solid community is one of the most important factors in military life. Of course you have your in-person community, especially with the number of ongoing community events at Lincoln Military Housing that you can enjoy with your neighbors. However, sometimes it’s nice to grow that community even further. With the help of military bloggers, there are a number of people offering support, tips, and tricks for navigating this crazy ride that is military life!
Personal military bloggers are able to make their content personalized and unique. Each writer lives their own military life, and each has their own spin on the experience. Some personal military bloggers specialize in easy recipes while others focus on finding the best military discounts and deals. See our favorite personal blogs about military life below!
Danielle is a Navy wife and mother of 5 who shares all the excitement of being a military spouse. She focuses highly on how to be a frugal military family, tips for homeschooling, and insights into juggling so much at once! Other highlights on The Frugal Navy Wife include easy recipes, blogging tips, and ideas for your military home.
Being in the military more often than not means you will experience a number of different living situations. Megan’s blog highlights the process of making military housing a place you can happily call home. The Homes I Have Made shares home solutions that are affordable, creative, beautiful, and smart to make every move efficient and visually appealing.
“Military life is like… a roller coaster.” Lauren, the author or The Military Wife and Mom, shares all on the highs and lows, twists and turns, and overall craziness of the roller coaster that is military life. Her blog shares tips and stories that help bring a sense of calm to your life. From connecting with your community to college tips, she covers everything you need.
While more of a vlog than a blog, Moving with the Military is a wonderful lifestyle series and resource for anyone trying to make military life and their homes more enjoyable. Maria gives real people the solutions they need to decorate and organize their military housing to feel like home. Temporary decorating tips that will leave lifelong happiness!
Lincoln Military Housing has teamed up with Moving with the Military to bring you DIY home solutions for entryway ideas, coffee bars, and nursery decor!
Run by JD, a working mother and military spouse, Semi-Delicate Balance stays true to its name. This blog is all about balance, so you’ll find more than just articles about military life here. JD blogs about military life, motherhood, love, career, and lifestyle. If you’re looking for a range of real and down-to-earth stories, this blog is where to find them.
Outside of personal blogs, there are military spouse blogs run by a community of contributors. These blogs publish content that can cover a large number of topics, from finances to relationships. The community style allows you to read many perspectives from multiple bloggers in one space, giving you a well-rounded view into many walks of military life.
When Krystel Spell created Army Wife 101, she wanted to create a blog and lifestyle for military spouses and families. Their focuses are on military discounts, base living, military entertainment, travel, and more. This blog is great for those looking to improve their military family budget or get some tips on things outside of deployment.
We can’t have this list without bragging about ourselves a bit! The Lincoln Military Housing blog is a great place to find tips for military life, tips for military families and spouses, community information, and fun pieces like a DIY home series and regional guides to help support your next PCS move. We are a one-stop-shop for military housing and living!
One of the most popular military spouse blogs, Military Spouse is dedicated to “simplifying your crazy, wonderful military life.” The articles here focus on life, employment, education, news, discounts, moving, money, and more. On top of blog articles, you can subscribe to their magazine or join the book club for a little extra reading material.
Created by the National Military Family Association, My Military Life is a great resource for all things military. You can find topics such as mental health, military children’s education, deployment, and job support. They even encourage anyone to write blogs to share their experiences, so it’s truly a first-hand account of how others are living their military lives.
This blog covers a wide range of military spouse and military family topics to build a story of what it’s like in modern-day military life. If you’re looking for a fresh take on things like PCS moves, career advice, personal finance, and relationships, the NextGen MilSpouse thought leaders cover them all. Check out their podcast, too!
No matter how you grow your military community, know that you have a never ending amount of support. From your friends and family to your neighbors to finding the right online community and military bloggers, you are sure to find all the support and information you need to make your military housing feel like home and to make your military life as amazing as possible.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-26T11:39:04",
"url": "https://blog.lincolnmilitary.com/10-military-bloggers-to-follow",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
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3 Are Vegetable Chips Fattening?
When it comes to choosing a healthy snack, whole-grain tortilla chips might seem like a nutritious option. However, that may not be the case. It's not just the type of grain that determines the healthiness of this snack; the cooking process and other ingredients used to create it also matter. Know your tortilla-chip facts to avoid a potential dietary disaster.
Whole grains contribute complex carbohydrates, fiber, and essential nutrients to your diet, and you should get at least half of your daily grain intake from whole grains, according to the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Whole-grain tortilla chips are typically made using whole-grain white or yellow corn, although some chips may contain other whole grains as well. Different brands of chips contain different amounts of whole grains, and some tortilla chips labeled as containing whole grains may actually contain a blend of whole and refined grains.
Although the whole grains in your tortilla chips may be healthy, if those chips were fried in oil, the fat and calorie content may veer into unhealthy territory. Depending on the type of oil used to fry the chips, they may contain high levels of saturated and trans fats, the types of fats associated with an increased risk of heart disease. Baked whole-grain tortilla chips are lower in fat and calories, so they are a better option.
Many varieties of whole-grain tortilla chips are high in salt. One ounce of tortilla chips contains about 119 milligrams of sodium, and most people consume more than a single ounce at one sitting. The American Heart Association recommends keeping salt intake below 1,500 milligrams each day. Opt for low-sodium varieties of whole-grain tortilla chips to keep your salt intake low.
Some tortilla chips that seem to be whole grain may not actually be so. Chips labeled multigrain, for example, may be made with multiple refined grains instead of whole grains. Some versions contain no whole grains at all. True whole-grain tortilla chips should have whole-grain corn listed first among the ingredients and should not include any refined grains on the ingredient list. As an alternative, you can make your own whole-grain tortilla chips by baking whole-grain tortillas in the oven, thus controlling the salt and oil content completely.
Coila, Bridget. "Are Whole-Grain Tortilla Chips Good for You?" Healthy Eating | SF Gate, http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/wholegrain-tortilla-chips-good-you-3551.html. 21 November 2018.
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JMP create for you a comfortable and stylish model that will follow you all summer. With this rather basic cut, you can have fun by combining colorful tops or patterns to cheer the outfit.
Lenght: 85 cm in size 2(42/44).
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-25T00:12:07",
"url": "https://jeanmarcphilippe.com/en/home/6357-7-8th-stretch-pants.html",
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Today is Amaze-ing Words Wednesday! I admit, however, that I am frantically getting ready to attend the DFW Writers’ Conference on May 19-20. So today, I want to give you the treat of a special guest on the subject of our tricky English language.
I hope you enjoy this fabulous comedy bit from one of my favorite comedians, Gallagher. He is talking about trying to learn English at school and the resulting confusion.
ROW80 Note: I don’t usually check-in on Wednesdays, but I want to announce that I finished the first draft of my YA novel, SHARING HUNTER, on Tuesday. My fellow ROW80 writers — with their encouragement, accountability, and word sprinting — helped me so much. Thanks! And now begins the editing.
ABSOLUTELY hilarious. I always say our language is SO dumb.
Is that d-u-m-b? Or d-u-m? Or d-o-m-e? Thanks, Patti!
Thanks, Catie! As you know, I’m excited about this novel. We’ll see how I feel, though, once I’m knee-deep in revisions.
Love the new “labyrinth!” And I can’t remember if I commented this elsewhere – congrats on finishing your draft!!!
Thanks for the smiles – needed them. Congrats of finishing the draft. Wahoo!
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"url": "https://julieglover.com/2012/05/16/special-guest-on-language-gallagher/",
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Christine B. Whelan is currently considered a "single author." If one or more works are by a distinct, homonymous authors, go ahead and split the author.
Christine B. Whelan is composed of 1 name.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-19T02:59:22",
"url": "https://www.librarything.com/author/whelanchristineb",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
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The artificial intelligence (AI) or computational intelligence is the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines. These processes include those capable of learning, reasoning and improving themselves. AI has substantially changed our lives with the arrival of many products and services, but its beginnings were not easy.
The beginnings of Artificial Intelligence go back to the year 1936 when a British mathematician named Alan Turing created a machine capable of making calculations that had been formally defined and could be adapted to different scenarios. However, it was not until 1950 that Turing would write "Computing Machinery and Intelligence" when artificial intelligence acquired greater fame.
Six years later John McCarthy, Marvin Minsky and Claude Shannon (father of information theory) coined the term "artificial intelligence" at the Dartmouth conference to talk about the "science of making intelligent machines, especially applications of smart calculation." These three scientists foresaw that artificial intelligence would flood our lives in the 1970s. This was not the case and there was a slowdown in the progress of these technologies, mainly due to the time it took to execute the algorithms and the not-so-obvious applications they had.
In the decade of the 90s and the beginning of the 21st century, the expansion of artificial intelligence would come, originated by two reasons: on the one hand there was an increase in the computational capacity of computers, on the other hand, the digitalization produced huge amounts of data that they could be processed to obtain value from them.
There was an unprecedented investment through technology companies to see that by applying analytics and data algorithms, products, services, and insights could be obtained that would add value to companies and society. This investment led to the development of new technologies and relaunched the progress of artificial intelligence. In 1997, an IBM computer called Deep Blue defeated world champion Gary Kasparov in a chess match, definitely devoting himself to artificial intelligence.
The machine had surpassed the human.
Initially, there were two obstacles, the computing capacity, and the data. The problem of computing capacity is practically overcome. Initially, it was through vertical scalability (making computers more powerful and following Moore's Law), later through horizontal scalability (making several computers compute as one, through technologies such as Big Data).
Thanks to the digitalization every time there is more data, it is the new oil ready to be exploited. All these data make more obvious different uses. The two escorts have been overcome.
In a very short time, artificial intelligence technologies have reached unimaginable progress a few years ago. An example of this is the Atlas Dynamics of Boston Dynamics, capable of doing a somersault in the air. The list of applications of artificial intelligence is unlimited and more and more are being developed.
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-22T16:12:28",
"url": "https://www.oyewiki.com/tech/the-evolution-of-artificial-intelligence-in-the-last-decades-12-5-2018",
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The 147,000 sq. ft. West Pavilion is our largest event venue and serves as the focal point for some of the most prestigious consumer and trade shows in Indianapolis. The West Pavilion is ideal for agriculture, consumer, exhibit, sport, and trade shows, but can also host large banquet events. Featuring 15 overhead doors, move-in and move-out for events is a breeze in the West Pavilion. This venue also has permanent concessions, event office space, and two ticket offices for show use. This venue also directly connects to the Indiana Farmers Coliseum and the South Pavilion through enclosed walkways, enabling shows to expand in size.
Click Here to download more information on the West Pavilion.
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{
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Get Real C2090-730 Exam Questions & Expert Verified Answers as Experienced on the Real Exam!
You can use C2090-730 Questions & Answers PDF Version locally on your PC or any gadget. You also can print it and take it with you. This is especially useful if you prefer to take breaks in your screen time!
* PDF Version is an add-on to your purchase of C2090-730 Questions & Answers and cannot be purchased separately.
Our C2090-730 testing engine is supported by all modern Windows editions, Android and iPhone/iPad versions. Mac and IOS versions of the software are now being developed. Please stay tuned for updates if you're interested in Mac and IOS versions of Testking software.
Experience Testking IBM C2090-730 exam Q&A testing engine for yourself.
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-24T15:07:21",
"url": "https://www.testking.com/C2090-730.htm",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
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Quiz: Which NYC Borough Is Right For You?
Queens vs. Brooklyn, Manhattan or Staten Island? Maybe The Bronx?
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-19T06:22:21",
"url": "https://www.women.com/alexa/quiz-which-nyc-borough-is-right-for-you",
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A Painter of Silence was to be released September 18th, but Amazon's already selling it, so you can get your hands on a copy now!
Set in Romania in the 1950s, readers are introduced to a bone-weary young man who collapses on the hospital steps. He's unable to talk, and he carries no identification. Luckily, a young nurse recognizes him as a boy from her childhood. He, Augustin, was the deaf, mute son of her family's cook. The pair were six months apart in age, so she knows him well. As she understands how to communicate with him, she sets off to learn about what caused this young man to wind up covered in lice and nearing death's door.
This is a poignant book where readers learn things right along with Safta, the nurse. The book travels from the time when Safta and Augustin grew up at the same time to the moment Safta realized the "John Doe's" identity. A Painter of Silence spans WWII and Stalin's reign. History buffs will adore the details Georgina Harding uses to capture the time, and I think any reader will love getting to know Safta and Augustin.
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-18T15:06:04",
"url": "http://blog.roundtablereviews.net/2012/08/a-painter-of-silence-georgina-harding.html",
"language": "en",
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Being the largest city in China, Shanghai is home to multiple skyscrapers which make up the breathtaking view at a waterfront area called The Bund.
With a population of 24,000,000, Shanghai is unique and filled with a mix of traditional and modern architecture.
Home to popular spots like Yu Garden, Jingan Temple and the bright traditional shopping area called Tianzifang, one can always discover something new in Shanghai.
From Huge malls to little corner stores, Shanghai always has something for everybody.
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-19T10:15:36",
"url": "https://spleducation.org/about-shanghai/",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
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Hold a dumbbell in each hand in front of your body with your palms facing you. Curl one dumbbell up and across your body until your palm is over your chest. Flex for a second. Lower and curl the other side.
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-20T19:04:31",
"url": "https://www.muscleandfitness.com/training/workout-routines/cross-body-curl",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
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Going on a bike ride around Herleshausen is truly one of the best ways to experience more of this area, although it’s often tough to know where to go. To solve that problem, we bring you the top 13 bike rides around Herleshausen — all you’ve got to do is pick the one that’s right for you.
If you are interested in routes for other sport types around Herleshausen, check out our guide on Hiking around Herleshausen.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-23T22:04:46",
"url": "https://www.komoot.com/guide/31354/cycling-around-herleshausen",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
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When one hears the phrase satanic grin, you may think of the DC Comics The Joker’s laugh as he executes a deadly plan. That sardonic grin is well known across the whole world, a grin that comes hand in hand with death. The corners of your mouth go up really far on each side and you may even look like you have a coat hanger shoved in.
It is the grin that is used to depict serial killers in many films and fantasy novels, but what you may not know is that this grin is actually a deadly reality. There is one poisonous flower that will send you to your death with the Joker’s grin on your face. And it comes with an ancient history of being used as a way to force euthanasia.
The deadly plant is called Hemlock, a naturally growing herb around most of the world, which is associated unfortunately with suicide. It is the infamous poisonous plant that the philosopher Socrates took to commit suicide. And this plant plays an important part in creating the history of the creepy serial killer smile, due to its muscle relaxation effects.
A brand of the plant called the water-dropwort is very common around the whole of the Mediterranean area, particularly in the Sardinia area. In fact, the term sardonic grin was first seen being used in Sardinia and once you learn what the poison does you will understand why.
If ingested, Hemlock will cause the taker to become incapacitated the plant makes your muscles go taut and ensures the victim can no longer move. This made it a go-to poison for an assassin to use during medieval time. A very unusual and uncomfortable smile will go across the victims face: the infamous creepy grin. And the face would stay like this frozen, meanwhile, the assassin would complete his job.
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-22T07:58:34",
"url": "http://blitzlift.com/the-flower-that-will-kill-you-with-a-smile/",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
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Have you always wanted to redo your outdated kitchen? Time to give your bathroom a facelift? My Handyman of Ann Arbor, Saline, and Chelsea is your go-to solution for home remodeling services. We can tackle all your residential projects, whether big or small! When you call on us, you can expect a carefully designed remodeling project that fits your style and vision. Our skilled professionals are committed to delivering exceptional craftsmanship at every turn.
Interested in learning more about our remodeling services? Give us a call today!
The Ann Arbor remodeling professionals at My Handyman are proud to tackle all types of improvement work around your home. Our goal is to make your home all the more beautiful, comfortable, and functional!
When you call on us, you can be confident knowing our technicians and remodelers go through extensive screening. We make sure all our home improvement professionals have an average of 10 years of experience under their belts.
My Handyman is committed to delivering the top-notch services our customers expect and deserve. In fact, we back all our workmanship and products provided up with our Done Right Guarantee.
On top of that, we strive to ensure that all projects are completed on time and on schedule. Why? Because we want to give you back the comfort of your home as fast as possible—without sacrificing on quality.
We look forward to completing your remodeling project! Contact us now to request service.
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-25T10:15:37",
"url": "https://www.myhandyman.com/ann-arbor-saline-and-chelsea/residential-services/remodeling/",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
Mukesh was a popular playback singer of the Indian film industry. His nasal voice was a unique feature of his singing which is still remembered by people. Mukesh is known as being the voice behind the legendary actor Raj Kapoor as he sang almost all the songs of Raj Kapoor which were immensely popular. Mukesh won the National Film award for best male playback singer for the song “Kai baar yu hi dekha he” from the film “Rajniganda”.
To Know More, Click Here.
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-21T14:24:43",
"url": "http://www.indiaonline.in/about/personalities/singers/mukesh",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
For more information, see the Make a Tutoring Appointment page, or schedule your appointment through Saddleback WCOnline.
All schedules are also available on the wall outside the Tutoring Center (LRC 212).
Tutor schedules are updated weekly and subject to change.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-20T22:47:54",
"url": "https://www.saddleback.edu/tutoring/tutor-schedules",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
Amit is an Asian mid-level manager dressed in business casual attire. This illustration pack includes 20 poses along with Flash source files. All the poses are with a transparent background so you can drag and drop to any background. Check our gallery below to view the different poses.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-22T09:05:14",
"url": "http://elearningasset.com/product_details-18-5.html",
"language": "en",
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Description: You are the last man standing.
One soldier against a swarm of violent aliens. Hold your position fighting off wave after wave of invaders and clear the area of aliens.
Switch off your brain and grab your weapons: rifle, shotgun, railgun, laser, grenades, flame thrower… You have only one obligation: to kill everything!!!
A simple concept: defend your position and kill all the aliens!
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-20T06:16:20",
"url": "http://www.frenzyandroid.com/2013/04/soldier-vs-aliens-premium-v112.html",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
A recent visit to a new discovery was in Silver Spring, MD, an area chokeful of Ethiopian eateries of which some I have enjoyed eating at. When I read up the online reviews for Addis Ababa Restaurant, I was reassured by its high ratings and effusive reviews. Walking into its door was an immediate transportation to a different world and time frame due to the decor and furniture, all speaking of authenticity and pride of the Old World. My eyes were already immediately feasting on the visual candy, especially the table of coffee cups that hinted of the Coffee Ceremony that I was lucky to partake in before.
We quickly narrowed our choices to the Vegetable Platter with a couple of meat dishes. The true litmus test, for me at least, of Ethiopian food is the flavors and treatment of the different pulses and vegetables that I am extremely fond of. The red lentils were made spicy and smokey by the use of the berbere pepper sauce, with a hint of sweetness to balance the heat. The yellow lentils were cooked just right with lots of savoriness complementing its onion sweetness that made this mild bite very irresistible. The injera bread was fresh with its usual sour note that made it the perfect foil and eating scooper for the various elements on the large platter.
The rest of the vegetable elements were equally impressive. The beans were extremely exquisite with a high degree of savoriness that made me coming back to it often. The cabbage and carrots were cooked just right without any mushiness that exuded their natural sweetness with a good amount of garlic that I enjoyed. The collard greens were cooked to the right degree of doneness, but it was missing the right amount of vinegar sourness that would have elevated its flavor and lightened its mouthfeel. Admittedly, at this point, I would have been completely satisfied by this vegetable platter and nothing else.
The first meat dish was Awaze Beef Tibs. Pieces of beef are sautéed with the berbere pepper paste, onion, and jalapeño pepper. The flavor profile was just right with the proper heat and smokiness from the pepper paste, sweetness from onion, and the fresh green pepper adding more heat and its fresh vegetal note. The choice of meat cut was unfortunate as it was a bit gristly for my liking. But I kept returning to it due to its wonderful flavor and its generous portion.
A must order and litmus test in any Ethiopian restaurant is a chicken-and-egg dish – Dorowat. When ordering, I was surprised to find out that there is a mild version to the usual spiced up version called Alicha. What arrived was completely unexpected and a far cry from its usual fiery looks, but its mild yellowish sauce came with its usual drumstick and single egg. From my experience in other establishments, this dish is really about the sauce itself, and this version did not fail in this regard. It tasted very savory and slightly sweet from a good amount of onion that also added some textural body to the whole mix. The chicken and egg were properly cooked, but they played second fiddle to that awesome sauce. This mild version wowed me as much as the spicy original one, and I would not hesitate ordering it in future visits.
My meal at Addis Ababa Restaurant checked off many boxes in my books. The decor was transformative and extremely appealing to this world traveller, complemented by an amiable service. The Vegetable Platter was as good as it gets with the different pulses and vegetables having a differentiated flavor profile and cooked to the right degree of doneness. The Awaze Beef Tibs had the right flavors but a slightly better cut would have made it perfect. The mild Dorowat chicken dish was a total surprise, and its savoriness equaled the usual spicy version. With this type of cooking in a warm inviting environment, I will be returning to this wonderful place for one of my favorite cuisines.
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"timestamp": "2019-04-24T06:50:26",
"url": "https://wongeats.com/tag/ethiopian-restaurant/",
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Indian spices are one of the best ways to add flavor to your dishes and help in weight loss as well.
You can use spice like cinnamon instead of sugar to add sweetness thereby cutting down on calories and extra sugar.
Turmeric has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Chilli powder helps produce extra heat in the body which helps burn fat.
Born to a typical North Indian family, if there is one thing I can just not live without is undoubted, unarguably, most definitely, most positively spicy, aromatic dishes.
A dash of cardamom here, a sprinkle of chilli there and your recipe is lot more palatable.
What’s great about spices is that they add flavour to your food without adding any calories. In some cases you can actually use them instead of sugar or salt to cut down on calories.
Indian foods and spices go hand in hand. Be it curries, stews or biryani, Indian food is incomplete without spices.
Spices are an ideal way to add flavour to your food without adding any sugar, sodium or any preservatives, they come loaded with a whole host of health benefits.
India is responsible for 70% of the global spice production. The majority of people in the world have some sort of spice in their home from India!
In the 4th century BC, black pepper held immense value. The Greeks referred to it has “black gold”. At this time about 120 ships a year full of spices were consumed by Romans.
Most historians and scholars agree that Portugal was the first country to discover India. It is said that Vasco da Gama reached India in 1492. He started importing spices from India and would many a times encounter pirates while going back to Portugal. There was a time when spices were more valuable than gold.
Salt has been produced in India for over 5000 years. During the time of the Spice Route, many Roman soldiers were paid their salaries in the form of salt! This gave birth to the term ‘salary’. The phrase ‘worth his salt’ was also derived from the same context.
Here are the best and the most easily accessible spices known for speeding up your metabolism and accelerating fat burn.
The Turmeric may be the most effective nutritional supplement in existence.
A Turmeric can help your body burn fat by increasing body heat and boosting your metabolism.
It is also known for combating inflammation that could be helpful for combating arthritic conditions and even symptoms related to obesity and metabolic disorders.
As another warming spice, ginger too has anti-inflammatory and metabolism boosting properties.
It may even have an appetite-suppressing effect.
Ginger also helps control blood sugar level, which means it can prevent a spike in your glucose levels after taking a carb or a sugar-rich diet.
Capsaicin, the key compound in peppers that helps produce heat in the body, helps fight obesity and decreases your intake of calories in the process, which ultimately lowers body fat.
Adding some amount of this spice to your meal can help you burn up to 100 calories per meal. You can sprinkle cayenne pepper on nuts, soup, eggs and dips for that extra kick.
A Black pepper contains piperine – a compound that enhances metabolic performance and suppresses fat accumulation in the body.
Black pepper tea works very well in managing obesity. Black pepper also helps in the absorption of nutrients in the body. It helps strengthen immunity and fights against infections too.
Cinnamon is obtained from the tree species known as Cinnamomum. It is packed with antioxidants and anti-inflammatory properties.
One of the most renowned qualities of this tree spice is its role in effective weight loss. Cinnamon can naturally suppress hunger.
Cinnamon increases one’s metabolic rate. It is essential to note how this works. It is a stimulator of insulin and makes it active, which in turn helps sugar to metabolise. Often, when an individual puts on weight, it is because their insulin becomes resistant.
This does not make them diabetic, but it simply means that the insulin does not metabolise. The consequence of this is that sugar too does not get metabolised to its required quantum and is converted into fat. Cinnamon helps to break these links.
Just one teaspoon added to one of your meals per day can help you burn up to three times more body fat.
It promotes digestion and is a rich source of iron. It improves blood cholesterol and helps in blood sugar control as well.
Cardamom is another one of those thermogenic spices, meaning it helps boost body temperature and metabolism. It also aids in digestion and helps prevent heartburn and acidity.
So choose your spices wisely and do not cease to experiment also. Every spice, every herb has some or the other health benefit important for your well being.
1] What are the health benefits of eating spices?
Spices add flavour to your food and improve your digestion. Some spices also boost metabolism and help in fat burn. They also have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties which help in keeping your body organs healthy.
2] What are the major Indian spices one must use on a regular basis in cooking?
You should have turmeric, cumin, cardamom, cinnamon, cloves, coriander seeds, methi seeds, chilli powder in your spice box for flavourful and healthy cooking.
3] Is it harmful to eat too much spices?
Every food should be eaten in moderation, so it is with spices. The right amount of spices in your recipe is good for health but excess spices can lead to indigestion and heartburn.
Our expert Truweight Nutritionist will be able to give you more in-depth insight on food and health, so talk to her today! The first consultation is on us. Click here to avail!
7 indian spicesbenefits of eating spicesEat Fat Burning Foodsfat burnhealth benefits of eating spiceshealthy cookinghealthy spices for weight lossIndian Spiceindian spice weight lossindian spicesindian spices blogindian spices for weight lossspices and weight lossspices for weight lossspices help in weight lossspices that burn fatwhat are the 7 indian spices?
The Serious Effects Of Yo-yo Dieting; Why Should You Avoid This ?
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"timestamp": "2019-04-18T19:29:32",
"url": "https://truweight.in/blog/food-and-nutrition/7-indian-spices-that-are-healthy-and-help-in-weight-loss.html",
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The Summerside D. Alex MacDonald Ford Western Capitals season has come to an end after losing last night to Campbellton Tigers 2-0 (empty-net). The Tigers won the series 4-2. The Western Capitals would like to thank all the fans and sponsors who supported them this season. Best of luck to our 7 graduating players, they include: TJ Shea, Conor MacEachern, Jesse Annear, Jacob Hickey, Dylan Riley, Kayden Peck, and Ryan MacDonald.
© 2019 Summerside Western Capitals. All Rights Reserved.
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"timestamp": "2019-04-22T06:16:54",
"url": "https://www.gocapsgo.ca/caps-season-comes-to-an-end",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
If you haven't yet been there, Spoon & Fox is a cafe near Joma2 that serves fresh, healthy and organic food that's really quite delicious.
I love that this cafe is actually opposite Panyathip School and Sharon Preschool because, let's face it, how often do you see truly healthy food being sold near schools?
Spoon & Fox is a cute corner cafe with a homely atmosphere. Its whitewash brick walls and wooden furniture are simple and cosy.
They source most of their fruit and veggies from the local organic markets at That Luang.The menu is small but ticks off the wholesome essentials including fresh foccacia, salad, juices and, of course, good coffee.
Spoon & Fox opened in July 2017. It's the brainchild of the guys behind HUMA - Humanitarian Media Agency and Insmai Creative Communication. Their office is above the cafe.
They say that as media people, they drink a lot of coffee. So, they cut out the middle man and just opened their own coffee shop downstairs. It's an ambitious spin on the communal cookie jar.
Plus, they want to use the space for art and media workshops (coming soon), and to meet other creatives in Vientiane.
My favourite menu items are the focaccia. There are 4 choices (including vegetarian options) and I've tried them all. The bread is thick and delicious, baked fresh from a Vientiane bakery downtown. You can choose half or full sized portions.
And you may just find Vientiane's best hummus at Spoon & Fox. Creamy, zesty and served slightly warmed with crusty bread and a drizzle of olive oil, it's just delicious.
There are also a few Lao options if you prefer, including 2 varieties of fried rice, from different provinces. I tried the Muang Sing fried rice; it uses black organic rice, lots of veggies, and is, naturally, very tasty.
There are also enormous salads if you want a really healthy option.
Spoon & Fox has just a handful of tables inside (and 1 outside) so if you're coming for lunch, get there early. It's already popular with the local lunchtime NGO crowd but it's also a good spot for an early morning coffee.
But in a city like Vientiane where new cafes are springing up like mushrooms, Spoon & Fox has a definite, healthy point of difference. Here's hoping it's around for the long haul.
Spoon & Fox is open 7am-6pm every day except Sunday. It's opposite Panyathip International School and next to Bandith Books. There's street parking.
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-19T04:29:03",
"url": "https://eatdrinklaos.com/blog/vientiane-spoon-fox",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
Bring or wear clothes you can get dirty, gloves, and drinks or snacks you may need. No matter your level of gardening experience, you can help in the garden beds, in the greenhouses, and all around the property growing and cultivating food!
We are open to any time between 9a-Noon on Wednesdays but an hour would probably be the smallest amount of time for each of us to get something out of it!
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-23T14:46:58",
"url": "https://www.volunteermatch.org/search/opp3085881.jsp",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
The ideal time to do a good purification and restart the body of accumulated toxins and various inequalities. Ecological vegetable broths are purifying and versatile drinks, they will help us eliminate toxins and restore balance. The complementation is a plus of prevention. The big advantage lies in the concentration of properties.
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-26T03:43:38",
"url": "http://biobrots.cat/en/recipes_and_suggestions/23/start+the+detox+plan",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
2010-02-03 Assigned to TEXAS MEMORY SYSTEMS, INC. reassignment TEXAS MEMORY SYSTEMS, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CAMP, CHARLES J., FROST, HOLLOWAY H.
2013-03-26 Assigned to INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION reassignment INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: TEXAS MEMORY SYSTEMS, INC.
Methods and apparatuses for reduction of Read Disturb errors in a NAND FLASH memory system utilizing modified or extra FLASH memory cells.
This application for patent claims priority to, and hereby incorporates by reference, U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/233,218, entitled “Efficient Reduction of Read Disturb Errors in NAND FLASH Memory,” filed Aug. 12, 2009. This application is a continuation-in-part of, and claims priority to, pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/566,421, entitled “Efficient Reduction of Read Disturb Errors in NAND FLASH Memory,” filed Sep. 24, 2009.
This disclosure relates generally to methods and apparatus for reducing or eliminating certain data errors associated with FLASH memory devices utilizing a NAND architecture.
In general, a FLASH memory device is one type of memory device that can retain stored digital data, even when no power is being provided to the device.
Typical FLASH memory devices are formed from a number of individual storage elements, where each storage element comprises a memory cell that includes a transistor and a charge storage area. In many FLASH devices, the charge storage area comprises either a floating gate or a charge-trapping region. The presence or absence of an electric charge in the charge storage area of a cell can be used to store a logic “1” or a logic “0” in the cell.
The previous discussion of flash memory suggested the ability to store one of two logical states within a flash memory cell, a logical “0” or a logical “1”. While this is true of SLC (single-level cell) flash memory, MLC (multi-level cell) flash memory provides the capability to store more than two logical states. MLC devices currently available at the time of this writing can store up to eight distinct logical states, corresponding to various different quantities of charge residing in a cell's charge storage area. While much of the discussion herein is centered on SLC flash memory, the read disturbance phenomenon and the mechanisms leading to it apply to all NAND FLASH memory, MLC as well as SLC. For simplicity, this discussion focuses primarily on SLC memory.
The presence or absence of the charge in the associated storage cell may be stored and/or detected in a variety of ways. Certain FLASH memory devices utilize a NAND architecture (“NAND FLASH memory devices”) to store and read the digital data stored within the memory cells of the device. A NAND architecture is one in which several FLASH memory cells are connected to one another in series.
FIG. 1 generally illustrates a highly simplified NAND FLASH memory 100. FIG. 1 will be used to describe certain relevant aspects of the general operation of a NAND FLASH memory device.
In the example of FIG. 1, the NAND FLASH memory 100 includes nine memory cells 110 a-110 i, arranged in a three-by-three array.
For purposes of illustration, cells using a floating gate construction are used. In a floating gate transistor cell, it is common to identify a floating gate and a control gate, although other names may be used to describe these elements. The floating gate is generally electrically isolated from other transistor structures and is used to store electrical charge injected into it through a programming operation. The control gate is use to control the reading, writing (programming) and erasing of cells. Throughout this document, the term “gate”, without any modifiers, is understood to refer to the control gate.
From top to bottom, the cells are coupled together in series to form what is sometimes called a bit line. As one example, cells 110 a, 110 d and 110 g are coupled together in series to form a bit line. In the simplified illustrated example, a pull-up resistor is provided for each bit line. In an actual embodiment addressing circuitry, control transistors and other structures would be included. These elements are not illustrated in FIG. 1, which provides a highly simplified representation of a NAND FLASH memory.
Across the structure, the gates of cells sharing the same relative location are connected to one another. Thus, the gates of cells 110 d, 110 e, and 110 f are coupled to one another. The coupling of these gates of the cell is such that all of the cells sharing a common gate line are typically read from or written to at the same time.
Typically, the memory cells within a NAND FLASH memory device are arranged into “Pages” and “Blocks.” A Page is a group of data bits that are accessed, internal to the memory, generally in a parallel manner at the same time. Thus, in the example of FIG. 1, the cells 110 d, 110 e, and 110 f could be considered to be a Page, in the sense that the gates of the three cells are coupled to one another such that the data within the three cells can be accessed at the same time. Like FIG. 1, most NAND FLASH memory devices perform read or write operations on a Page-by-Page basis.
While some flash memory devices support operations on “partial pages”, these partial page operations are generally less efficient than their complete page counterparts. The underlying physical mechanisms associated with these partial page operations are roughly identical to their complete page counterparts, except for the fact that they operate on a subset of the overall FLASH memory page. As such, even though such pages may be referred to in some situations as “partial pages” because they are accessed in a parallel manner at the same time, they are considered “pages” for purposes of this disclosure. As noted above, as used herein a “Page” refers to a group of data bits within a given memory device that are accessed at the same time.
In a NAND FLASH memory, the Pages of data within the memory may be arranged so that they are associated with one another in one or more “Blocks” of data, typically as a result of the physical layout of the specific FLASH device at issue. In the example of FIG. 1, the grouping of the nine depicted memory cells 110 a-110 i could be considered to be a “Block” of data.
The exemplary device of FIG. 1 is highly simplified for purposes of discussion. Most actual FLASH memory devices will contain a substantially larger number of Pages and memory cells. For example, in current FLASH memory devices, the sizes of the Pages can vary from 512, 2,048, 4,096, or 8,192 bytes and the Blocks for a given FLASH device can vary in size, for example, from 32 Pages of 512 Bytes per Page for a 16 KB Block size; to 64 Pages of 2,048 bytes for a 128 KB Block size; to 64 Pages of 4,096 bytes for a 256 KB Block size; to 128 Pages of 4,096 bytes for a 512 KB Block size. The invention described herein does not presume a particular page size or architecture, beyond the architectural features leading to the read disturbance phenomenon described below.
In general, there are a number of operations that are performed within FLASH memory devices. The most common such operations are the ERASE, PROGRAM, and READ operations. During an ERASE operation, the logical bit stored in a given memory cell is set to a logical “0,” which—in the example of discussion—corresponds to the absence of a substantial electric charge in the memory cell's charge storage area. The ERASE operation is typically performed by taking the voltage of the gates for the various storage devices within a Block, and other voltages that impact the amount of charge in the charge storage regions of the storage cells, to such levels that the electrical charge stored on the floating gates of the devices (or the charge trapping area) is reduced to zero or a low amount.
Because of the physical nature of most NAND FLASH memory devices, the ERASE operation is performed on a “Block” basis. Thus, anytime one desires to erase the data in a given memory cell within a given Block, one will also erase the data in all other memory cells within that Block.
After a Block of FLASH memory is erased, the individual data within the device can be programmed. The PROGRAM operation involves the writing of data into a memory cell that has been previously ERASED. When one desires to write a logical “1” into a previously erased FLASH memory cell—which would have no or low stored charge and therefore be at a logic “0” level—one may use the PROGRAM operation to inject charge onto the floating gates of the erased cells (or into their charge trapping regions) at levels sufficient to alter their threshold voltages. The threshold voltage reflects, in a general sense, the value of control gate voltage required to turn the transistor on (conducting) or off (non-conducting). The PROGRAM operation is typically performed by driving the control gate voltage level of the cell to be programmed to a sufficiently high level, while maintaining the voltage levels for the other terminals of the transistor in the cell at levels sufficient for charge injection to occur. When one desires to write a logical “0” into a previously erased FLASH memory cell, the PROGRAM operation involves the maintenance of the state of the cell established during the ERASE operation. The PROGRAM operation is performed in such a way that all of the bits being programmed (typically all of the bits within a single Page) will be programmed to have the desired “1” or “0” levels at the same time.
Once Pages of a FLASH memory device are programmed, they can be read. In general, the READ operation involves the reading of the logical data stored in the memory cells of a Page of FLASH data. Referring to FIG. 1, the READ operation would involve the application of a first voltage level (such as a high voltage level) to the top portion of each bit line within the Block, the application of a second voltage level (such as a low voltage level or zero) to the bottom of each bit line within the Block, the application of a third voltage to the control gates of all of the memory cells within the Block that reside in Pages that are not being read, and the application of a fourth voltage to the control gates of all of the memory cells within the Block that reside in the Page that is being read. The voltage applied to the gates of the unread cells is sufficient in magnitude to render the corresponding transistors conductive, regardless of their programming state, yet smaller in magnitude than the voltage supplied to a control gate in order to program a cell. The voltage applied to the gates of the cells being read is such that their transistors will be rendered either conductive or non-conductive, depending upon their programming state. Since all unread cells within a bit line are rendered conductive, while the cells being read may be conductive or non-conductive, the voltage at the top of each bit line may be pulled low (conductive) or remain high (non-conductive). The voltage level at the top of a bit line, therefore, gives an indication of the status (programmed or unprogrammed) of the one cell being read within that bit line.
For typical NAND flash memory devices in use at the time of this writing, the accumulated charge in a programmed cell will mandate a higher control gate voltage for the corresponding transistor to become conductive. Hence, a programmed cell will be non-conductive during a read operation and the top of the corresponding bit line will remain at a sufficiently high voltage to detect the fact that the cell being read has been programmed. Correspondingly, an unprogrammed cell will be conductive during a read operation and the top of the corresponding bit line will be pulled to a sufficiently low voltage to detect the fact that the cell being read has not been programmed. Taken as a whole, the voltage values at the top of the bit lines yield the programming status of all cells within a page being read.
As the above shows, for the exemplary NAND FLASH memory devices, the performance of a READ operation on one or more storage cell tends to impose elevated voltage stresses on the other unread cells within the same Block. This stress arises from the application of an elevated voltage to the control gates of the unread cells, sufficient in magnitude to render the unread cells conductive, regardless of their programming states. Over time, repeated application of this higher magnitude voltage to the gates of a given cell in a FLASH memory can result in charge migrating onto the floating gate of the cell or into its charge-trapping region. Over time, this charge can accumulate to the point that the amount of charge on a cell that was previously reflective of a logic “0” (or low or no charge state) can rise to a level where the cell is weakly programmed and, when subject to a READ operation, will erroneously produce a reading reflecting the storage of a logic “1” (higher charge state). This weak programming resulting from the READ operation cannot always be predicted accurately and can result in a number of bits in memory cells not associated with the cells being read becoming corrupted such that one could no longer determine whether the originally stored data bit was a “1” or a “0.” Because the errors described above are induced by the disturbances created by the READ operation, they are known as “Read Disturb” errors.
While the preceding paragraphs describe operations and mechanisms generally encountered with SLC NAND FLASH memory, similar operations and mechanisms also pertain to MLC NAND FLASH memory. In such NAND FLASH memory devices, the control gates of unread cells are driven with a voltage that is guaranteed to render the unread cells conductive and that also leads to read disturbance in the unread cells. In such devices, the control gates of cells being read are driven with a different voltage, one that is such that the conductivity of the cell being read will differ based upon the quantity of charge stored in the cells' charge storage area or areas. MLC NAND FLASH memory is generally much more susceptible to read disturb errors than its SLC counterpart.
Read Disturb errors are a recognized condition of NAND FLASH memories. The most common approach for addressing the issue of Read Disturb errors in NAND FLASH memories is to utilize one or more error correction and checking (“ECC”) techniques. While there are a number of different ECC techniques, ECC generally involves the utilization of one or more code bits (in addition to the original stored data bits) to allow one to determine and, in some instances correct, errors that may occur in data associated with the specific ECC code bit(s). ECC is typically implemented on a Page level and typically with respect to Pages that include one or more storage elements and, therefore, store data items comprising multiple bits. Alternatively, the quantity of data associated with a group of ECC code bits may be a subset of the overall Page, allowing multiple data sets within the same Page to be checked and/or corrected independently of one another. If one of the data bits associated with a particular group of ECC code bits becomes corrupted, the ECC bits can be used to detect the corrupted bit and possibly reconstruct it.
There are limitations associated with the use of ECC to address Read Disturb errors in NAND FLASH memory. For example, most ECC techniques are capable of identifying and addressing errors resulting from a disturbance of only one, or a small number of, the bits in the data item to which the ECC is applied. If more than one of the bits in the data item is disturbed, most ECC techniques will not be able to reconstruct the original data item. Moreover, if a large number of bits in a data item are errantly disturbed, certain ECC techniques will be incapable of identifying the existence of an error. Compounding this issue is the fact that Read Disturb errors occur in Pages that are not being read, while data and ECC bits must be read to perform checking and correction. Hence, the number of errors in a disturbed page can grow from a correctable number to an uncorrectable number without any warning that the seriousness of the induced errors is increasing. Thus, while ECC techniques may be widely utilized, they are not always effective.
Another approach used to address Read Disturb errors in NAND FLASH memory devices is to maintain a count of the number of times a given Block is accessed after an ERASE operation has occurred and to move the data in the Block to a new location and then perform an ERASE operation on the original Block if the READ count for the Block exceeds a pre-established number. While this approach can potentially avoid certain Read Disturb errors, it can limit the performance of a device or system utilizing this technique since the movement of the Block of data imposes burdens on the device or system in terms of overhead, speed, efficiency, power and other aspects that can degrade the overall performance of the device or system. Not only does it take an appreciable amount of overhead in terms of processing power and time to move the entire Block of data, the ERASE operation for the original Block can be time consuming. For systems where high speed read operations are desired, such burdens are undesirable and inefficient.
Another issue associated with the approach of maintaining a count and moving and erasing a data Block when the READ count for the Block is exceeded is that it imposes upon the system a relatively large number of ERASE operations. In particular, because the entire contents of a Block are moved and erased each time the predetermined count for that Block is exceeded, the processing of the data in a given Block that includes multiple, frequently accessed Pages, will require a large number of ERASE operations over the lifetime of the product. Because FLASH memory devices do not have unlimited lifetimes and because a given FLASH memory cell is subject to failure upon the occurrence of a given number of ERASE operations that will vary from manufacturer to manufacturer and from device to device, the described system tends to shorten the overall useful life of the devices within a FLASH memory system.
Accordingly, what is needed is a more effective and efficient way to reduce Read Disturb errors in NAND FLASH memories.
The disclosed embodiments are directed to methods and apparatuses for providing efficient detection and reduction of Read Disturb errors in NAND FLASH memory. In some embodiments, the methods and apparatuses involve a plurality of FLASH memory devices in a NAND FLASH memory system, and a system controller configured to organize the FLASH memory devices into a plurality of blocks, each block having a plurality of pages, and each page defining an individually addressable physical memory location. Each FLASH memory device comprises a plurality of FLASH memory cells configured to store data received from a source external to the FLASH memory device. At least one of the FLASH memory devices further comprises at least one modified memory cell associated with the plurality of FLASH memory cells that is configured differently from the other cells (for example in terms of its construction, the voltages applied to the cell, or the manner in which it is utilized) so that this modified cell is more susceptible to a read disturb error than the other cells within the plurality of FLASH memory cells.
In some embodiments, methods and apparatuses involve an apparatus for inhibiting and/or mitigating the severity of errors in a group of memory cells in a FLASH memory device. Such an apparatus may comprise at least one detecting cell having a floating gate transistor that is associated with the group of memory cells, and circuitry for applying a voltage to a gate of the detecting cell each time one of the memory cells within the group of memory cells is accessed as part of a READ operation. The apparatus may further comprise a sensor coupled to the detecting cell and adapted to sense a voltage or other electrical signal associated with the detecting cell that corresponds to the amount of charge stored on the floating gate of the transistor of the detecting cell. A comparator may also be coupled to the sensor and adapted to compare the sensed voltage or other electrical signal to a reference voltage or other reference electrical signal and provide an output, the output of the comparator generally providing an indication of increased likelihood of an error occurring within the group of memory cells.
In some embodiments, the methods and apparatuses involve a flash memory device comprising a FLASH memory space formed from a plurality of memory cells. The FLASH memory space contains physical address locations to which data may be stored, the physical address locations being grouped into Pages and at least one Block, where each Page comprises a plurality of physical address locations that are addressed at the same time and each Block comprises a collection of physical address locations that may be erased through a single erase operation. The flash memory device also comprises a detecting mechanism associated with at least one Block for providing an output signal (possibly a voltage) indicative of potential errors among the memory cells within the Block. The flash memory device further comprises means for receiving a READ request directed to a given Page within the Block and for providing a voltage to: (i) the memory cells in the Pages within the Block that are not the target of the READ request, and (ii) the detecting mechanism.
FIG. 1 generally illustrates a highly simplified NAND FLASH memory.
FIGS. 2A-2E generally illustrate an improved system and apparatus for reducing Read Disturb errors in NAND FLASH memories.
FIGS. 3A-3C generally illustrate a method for reducing Read Disturb errors that may be used with the system of FIGS. 2A-2E.
FIGS. 4A-4C generally illustrates an alternate system and apparatus for reducing Read Disturb errors in NAND FLASH memories where data is stored and manipulated using Page Stripes.
FIG. 5 generally illustrates a method for reducing Read Disturb errors that may be used with the system of FIGS. 4A-4C.
FIGS. 6A and 6B illustrate an alternate approach for reducing Read Disturb errors in systems using Page Stripes through the storage of the data comprising the Page Stripes in different physical locations in the Blocks in which that data is stored.
FIGS. 7A-7C illustrate an approach using modified or extra storage cells to detect conditions conducive to Read Disturb errors.
The Figures described above and the written description of specific structures and functions below are not presented to limit the scope of what Applicants have invented or the scope of the appended claims. Rather, the Figures and written description are provided to teach any person skilled in the art to make and use the inventions for which patent protection is sought. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that not all features of a commercial embodiment of the inventions are described or shown for the sake of clarity and understanding. Persons of skill in this art will also appreciate that the development of an actual commercial embodiment incorporating aspects of the present inventions will require numerous implementation-specific decisions to achieve the developer's ultimate goal for the commercial embodiment. Such implementation-specific decisions may include, and likely are not limited to, compliance with system-related, business-related, government-related and other constraints, which may vary by specific implementation, location and from time to time. While a developer's efforts might be complex and time-consuming in an absolute sense, such efforts would be, nevertheless, a routine undertaking for those of skill in this art having benefit of this disclosure. It must be understood that the inventions disclosed and taught herein are susceptible to numerous and various modifications and alternative forms. Lastly, the use of a singular term, such as, but not limited to, “a,” is not intended as limiting of the number of items. Also, the use of relational terms, such as, but not limited to, “top,” “bottom,” “left,” “right,” “upper,” “lower,” “down,” “up,” “side,” and the like are used in the written description for clarity in specific reference to the Figures and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention or the appended claims.
Turning to the drawings and, in particular, to FIG. 2A, an improved system and apparatus 200 for reducing Read Disturb errors in NAND FLASH memories is illustrated.
In general, the disclosed system includes two main components: (i) a system controller 210 and (ii) a NAND FLASH memory array 220.
In a typical application, the system controller 210 will comprise a programmed processor, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and/or a dedicated controller chip, and the NAND FLASH memory array 220 will comprise a number of individual FLASH memory devices arranged in a NAND architecture that includes a number of individual memory Blocks, with each memory Block including a number of Pages of memory. For purposes of illustration, only two Blocks 222 and 223 are illustrated, where Block 222 includes five Pages (Page0-Page4) and Block 223 includes five Pages (Page0-Page4). It should be clear that the disclosed subject matter is applicable to memories having alternate constructions.
The system controller 210 performs a variety of functions. Among the functions, the system controller 210 receives READ requests from an external device, not illustrated (such as a personal computer, server or the like) to read data stored in the FLASH memory array 220.
In the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 2, the READ requests will generally comprise a request to read the data within a given logical Page address associated with the FLASH memory system 200. Each logical Page address will be associated with a specific physical address within the FLASH memory array 220 through the use of a table maintained by the system controller 210. In general, the table will map each logical Page address to a physical Page address within the memory array 220. The use of logical Page addresses and a logical-to-physical Page address conversion allows the system controller 210 to manage effectively the memory within the storage array 220 and to implement various mapping and protection mechanisms, including the disclosed mechanism for reducing Read Disturb errors.
In the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 2, each physical Page within the memory array can be associated with a bit or group of bits used by the system controller to indicate whether the Page has an ERASED, VALID or DIRTY status. In general, an ERASED status means that all of the bits in the Page have been ERASED (which in the exemplary embodiment means set to a logic “0” level) and that the memory Page is in such a state that it can be programmed to receive data to be stored. The VALID status indicates that the Page contains valid stored data. The DIRTY status (which could simply be the presence of a logical “0” for a VALID bit) indicates that data associated with a logical address previously mapped to the DIRTY page has since been written to a different physical location (a VALID Page), thereby rendering the contents of the previous physical location invalid (DIRTY). It is important to note that, as discussed in more detail below, a Page having DIRTY status may be included in a Block that has other Pages having VALID status and, therefore, are storing valid data. It is also important to note that a DIRTY page may be included in an XOR reconstruction calculation if the DIRTY page is part of a Page Stripe that still contains one or more valid data pages.
In general, in response to a READ request, the system controller 210 will: (a) receive the request and the associated logical Page address; (b) determine the physical address associated with the logical address that is the subject of the request; (c) perform a READ operation on the device or devices within the FLASH memory array 220 corresponding to the identified physical address; (d) (optionally) perform an error correction or parity check on the read data to identify and, if necessary and possible, correct errors in the data; and (e) return the read data to the requesting device.
Although not particularly related to the subject matter of this disclosure, the system controller 210 is also capable of performing WRITE operations by receiving data—typically Page-aligned data (i.e., data that can be written into a Page or a Page Stripe (discussed below) on a Page-by-Page basis)—to be written to the device. Typically, the data to be written is accompanied by a logical address to which the data should be written. The system controller associates this logical address with a physical address within the FLASH memory array 220, returning a status for the write operation and updating any corresponding logical-to-physical address translation tables.
To provide enhanced Read Disturb error reduction, the system controller 210 of the system of FIG. 2A maintains, for each Block within the FLASH memory array 220, a counter that is used to maintain a count of the number of times the Block associated with the counter has been accessed through a READ operation since the last ERASE operation (or in an alternate embodiment, the last PROGRAM operation) for the Block associated with the counter. For purposes of illustration, a counter 211 is shown which is associated with Block 222.
The counter 211 may take many forms. It may be physically located within the same package as the controller 210 or, in an alternate embodiment, in the NAND FLASH memory array 220. It may be implemented directly through a hardware counter that is set to be reset each time an ERASE or PROGRAM operation is performed on the Block associated with the counter, or it can be implemented in software or firmware through an appropriately programmed processor, including the processor forming system controller 210. In the example, of FIG. 2, the counter 211 is illustrated as being implemented internal to the system controller 210.
In general operation, as READ operations are performed on Block 222 within the memory array 220, the system controller 210 monitors the count in the counter 211. When the system controller 210 determines that the Block count meets (or in some embodiments exceeds) a predetermined threshold number, it then takes steps that may ultimately result in the movement of one or more Pages of data within Block 222 to other memory locations so as to reduce the potential for Read Disturb errors arising in connection with the data stored in that Block.
In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 2A, the steps implemented by the system controller 210 involve the movement of individual Pages of data from one Block to an alternate Block of FLASH memory upon the detection of a READ operation seeking access to that specific Page.
In this manner, Read Disturb errors are avoided by moving data from a Block that has been accessed a sufficiently large number of times that the potential for a Read Disturb error exists or is greater. However, because the data is moved on a Page-by-Page basis as Pages within the protected Block are accessed by a READ operation—as opposed to a wholesale move of all Pages within the protected Block—the overhead associated with the protection mechanism is limited, such that the overall performance impact on the overall memory system is minimal.
The general operation of the system controller 210 with respect to its monitoring of Block 222 is reflected in the chart provided as FIG. 3A. Referring to FIG. 3A, in normal operation, the system controller 210 will receive a READ access request from an external device in step 300. Although not illustrated, the step 300 may be preceded by an idle (i.e., wait for request) state. Because the READ access request will be seeking to read a Page through an associated logical Page address, the controller 210 will initially translate the logical Page address provided by the external device into a physical Page address of the memory array 220 in step 310. In this same step, the system controller 210 may also optionally implement access control policies to ensure that the access sought by the READ access request is permitted. It is also possible for the controller to generate its own internal read requests. These internal read requests may operate on specific physical addresses as well as logical addresses and may not, therefore, require a logical-to-physical address translation step.
Once the logical-to-physical Page address conversion has occurred, the controller 210 will then check whether the READ count for the Block in which the physical Page to be accessed resides is above the predetermined threshold limit for that Block at step 315. If the READ count for the Block to be accessed is at or below the predetermined threshold limit for that Block, the controller 210 will then increment the READ count for the Block at step 320, perform a READ operation on the physical Page corresponding to the requested logical Page at step 325, and provide the requested data to the device that issued the READ request at step 330.
If, however, it is determined in step 315 that the READ count for the Block containing the physical Page corresponding to the requested logical Page is above the predetermined threshold amount for that Block, the system controller 210 will then take steps to reduce the chance that a Read Disturb error will impact the data within Block 222.
If a READ operation is detected for a Page of data after the READ count for the Block in which the Page resides exceeds the threshold, the system controller 210 will first perform a READ operation on the physical Page at issue at step 335 and then, potentially after performing one or more error correction techniques (e.g., ECC) to verify the validity of the data, provide the requested data to the external device that made the READ request at step 340. The system controller 210 will then store the data from the Page that was read in a new Page of a different Block and then update the logical-to-physical address conversion table to indicate that the physical Page address associated with the logical address provided in step 300 is now associated with the physical address of the Page in the Block to which the data was moved at step 345.
After moving the data to the new physical location in a different Block, the system controller 210 will change the status for the Page in which the data was originally stored to DIRTY, as reflected by step 350.
In the method of FIG. 3A, it should be noted that the movement of data once the READ count for a given Page exceeds a predetermined threshold number is done on a Page-by-Page basis. Notably, when one Page of data is moved under this method, the other VALID Pages of data within the Block continue to be VALID and continue to be available for access. If, however, a subsequent read operation is attempted to a different Page within the Block at issue, the process will be repeated for the data within that Page (i.e., the data within the Page will be moved to a new physical location, the data within the accessed Page will be set as DIRTY, and the logical or virtual address for the moved data will be associated with the new physical address).
This aspect of the method of FIG. 3A may be better understood through reference to the example reflected in FIGS. 2B-2E.
Referring to FIG. 2B it is assumed that a READ access attempt is initially requested for the logical address corresponding to a physical address at Page0 of Block 222 after the READ count for Block 222 has exceeded the predetermined threshold number set for Block 222. Following the method of FIG. 3A, this READ access will result in a movement of the data in Page0 of Block 222 to another Page in a different Block, which in the example of FIG. 2B is Page3 of Block 223.
FIG. 2C illustrates the status of the memory array 220 after the move has occurred, where the data that was previously stored in Page0 of Block 222 is now shown as being stored in Page3 of Block 223, and where the data stored in Page0 of Block 222 is now shown as DIRTY. Notable, in this condition, only one Page of data has been moved, no ERASE operations have been performed, and the remaining Pages within Block 222 (i.e., Page1-Page4) continue to have a VALID status.
FIGS. 2D and 2E illustrate the operation of the method of FIG. 3A upon a subsequent attempt for READ access to data within Page4 of Block 222. Because, in the example, this READ access attempt will be after the READ count for Block 222 has exceeded the predetermined threshold number, the READ access will result in a movement of the data in Page 4 to a different Page, which, in the example, is Page4 of Block 223.
There are a number of ways in which the predetermined threshold numbers for the Blocks in memory array 220 can be determined. In accordance with one approach, the predetermined threshold number can be determined by considering manufacturer-provided data for a given type of FLASH memory device for the typical number of READ operations between data errors and setting the predetermined threshold number to be some percentage (such as, for example 60%) of that amount. A more advanced approach would be to actually test the various memory devices forming an array to characterize the individual devices to determine the average READ access operations between errors and set the threshold number as a certain percentage of that detected amount. If the selected threshold would exceed the manufacturer's specification for the number of reads guaranteed to be free from read disturbance, then a choice may be made to either base the threshold upon the manufacturer's specification (conservative operation) or to use the empirically determined limit (aggressive operation). The present disclosure is not limited to any specific approach for determining the predetermined threshold number, but rather encompasses all such methods.
Given a fixed read count threshold value, with the same value applied to all Blocks within a flash memory system, it is possible for a plurality of the Blocks to reach and/or exceed their thresholds at or near the same time. In such a scenario, a high percentage of subsequent read requests may require a corresponding move operation. Several approaches may be employed to alleviate this condition. One such approach involves initializing the read count for each Block to a small, possibly random, non-zero value, thereby causing the Blocks' thresholds to be reached after a slightly different number of read operations. This random number would not necessarily be the same number for each block, but could vary from Block to Block.
Another approach involves the use of two thresholds, a critical threshold and a lower-valued warning threshold. To prevent an abundance of move operations when multiple Blocks reach their respective thresholds, the system controller may respond to the lower-valued warning threshold by optionally moving the associated data so long as performance is minimally impacted, while still being required to move data upon reaching the higher-valued critical read count threshold. The general operation of the system controller 210 with respect to its monitoring of a Block in accordance with those alternative approach is reflected in the chart provided as FIG. 3B.
Referring to FIG. 3B, in normal operation, the system controller 210 will receive a READ access request from an external device in step 300. Because the READ access request will be seeking to read a Page through an associated logical Page address, the controller 210 will initially translate the logical Page address provided by the external device into a physical Page address of the memory array 220 in step 310. As with the process of FIG. 3A, in this same step, the system controller 210 may also optionally implement access control policies to ensure that the access sought by the READ access request is permitted. It is also possible for the controller to generate its own internal read requests. These internal read requests may operate on specific physical addresses as well as logical addresses and may not, therefore, require a logical-to-physical address translation step.
Once the logical-to-physical Page address conversion has occurred, the controller 210 will then increment the Block READ Count in step 352. Note that in the example of FIG. 3B the Block READ Count is incremented before the check is done to see if the Block READ Count exceeds one of the threshold numbers. This differs from the exemplary approach of FIG. 3A. Alternate embodiments of the approach of FIG. 3B are envisioned where the comparison is made before the Block READ Count is incremented.
After the Block READ Count is incremented in step 352, the data within the Page that was the subject of the READ request is read at step 354, any errors are identified and corrected and the data is provided at step 356. Then the Block READ Count is compared to a Warning Threshold at step 358. In this exemplary embodiment, the Warning Threshold is set to a number that is less than the threshold number at which it is deemed necessary to move a Page of data to avoid read disturb errors. In one exemplary embodiment, the Warning Threshold is set to be a number that is 100 less than the number that is believed to correspond to the threshold number where movement of the Page is required. For purposes of this method, the actual value of the Warning Threshold is not important as long as it is below that of the threshold at which a move operation is deemed necessary.
If the comparison at step 358 indicates that the Block READ Count is below the Warning Threshold number, then the system will return to step 300 and await another READ request for a page within the Block at issue.
If the comparison at step 358 indicates that the Block READ Count is above the Warning Threshold, then the controller will determine whether there are available resources to move the Page at issue at step 360. The determination of whether resources are available can be based on a number of factors including: (i) whether the system is in the process of moving another Page, Page Stripe or Block Stripe; (ii) whether the system is engaged in other overhead operations that are utilizing system resources; or (iii) whether there are other factors indicating that a move of the Page at issue would impair or unduly impact system performance. If the comparison at step 360 indicates that the resources are available to process the move, then the system controller will move the data within the Page to a new location at step 362, set the previously occupied Page location as DIRTY and return to step 300.
In one embodiment, the system maintains a list of Pages to be moved. The list may include only one entry or more than one entry. In this embodiment, the system may check at step 360 whether the list of Pages to move is full. If the list is full then it will be deemed that resources are not available to process a move. If the list is not full, then it will be deemed that there are resources available to process the move and the Page at issue will be placed in the list for a move operation.
If the comparison at step 360 indicates that resources are not available, then the system will determine at step 366 whether the Block READ Count exceeds the Critical Threshold value for that Block. As noted above, the Critical Threshold value may be set at the value corresponding to the number of READ operations to which the Block at issue may be subjected to before there is an appreciable risk of a read disturb error. If it is determined that the Block READ Count has exceeded the Critical Threshold, then the system will move the data for the Page at issue and set the previous location to DIRTY in steps 362 and 364 and return to step 300. If it is determined that the Critical Threshold has not been exceeded, then the system will return to step 300.
As may be noted, through implementation of the approach of FIG. 3B, the system can both ensure that a Page of data is moved before there is a high risk of a read disturb error through the use of the Critical Threshold value and allow Pages to be moved in a manner that optimizes overall system performance through the use of the Warning Threshold value.
A still further method involves the use of two thresholds, one that is used to determine the initial movement of a Page of data within a block and the other to determine the move of subsequent Pages. This method can be beneficial in situations where there is only one Page within a given block that is repeatedly accessed while the other pages are not accessed, or are not accessed at the same rate. This method is generally illustrated in FIG. 3C.
Referring to FIG. 3C, this alternative method operates substantially as described above in connection with FIG. 3A until the first time that the Block READ Count exceeds the initial threshold value for the block. Once it is determined that the initial threshold value has been exceeded for the first time at step 380, the threshold value will be increased at step 385 to a different value such that additional READ requests can be directed to the block before another Page is moved. In this alternative embodiment, the increased threshold value should be selected such that it is well below the number of READ operations that could give rise to a Read Disturb errors.
As may be noted, because the methods described in connection with FIGS. 3A-3C result only in the movement of a Page of data upon the detection of a READ access attempt for that Page, they impose significantly less overhead than systems in which entire Blocks of data are moved in an effort to reduce Read Disturb errors. Moreover, because the movement of data stored in a Page in the disclosed system and method occurs upon the detection of a READ access attempt for that Page, the disclosed systems and methods have the potential of dramatically reducing overall overhead.
The present disclosure is not limited to any specific mechanism for minimizing the performance impacts of utilizing a read count threshold algorithm, but rather encompasses all such methods.
It should be noted that the system and apparatus of FIGS. 2A-2E and the methods of FIGS. 3A-3C are exemplary only and changes can be made without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure. For example, the memory array 220 of FIGS. 2A-2E could have a larger number of Blocks than illustrated and/or a different number of Pages within each Block. The movement of two Pages from one Block to adjacent Pages on the same Block is not critical. The Pages could have otherwise been moved to non-adjacent Pages on the same Block or to Pages on different Blocks.
Similarly, the order of certain steps of the methods depicted in FIGS. 3A-3C could have been changed. For example, in the method of FIG. 3A, the requested data is provided to the requesting device in steps 335 before the data is moved to a Page in a different Block. It would be possible to move the data first, and then provide the data—through a READ operation of the new Page location—to the requesting device. As another example, in the method of FIG. 3A the READ count for the Block is incremented in step 320 before the actual READ access occurs in step 325. These operations could have been easily changed. As another example, in the method of FIG. 3A, step 315 determines whether the READ count for the Block at issue is above the predetermined threshold count for that Block. One could change that step to have the controller determine whether the READ count is equal to or above the threshold count without departing from the present teachings. Other changes, not discussed herein, can be made without departing from the teachings of this disclosure.
There are aspects of the system of FIG. 2A and the methods of FIGS. 3A-3C that are not explicitly illustrated, but that are beneficial to the implementation and practice of the disclosed systems and methods. For example, although not illustrated in FIGS. 3A-3C, the system controller 210 should generally have a method for resetting the READ count for the various Blocks upon the performance of an ERASE operation for the Block at issue or for initializing the READ count for the Blocks upon a defined event, such as an erase operation or other action.
In accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure the system can manipulate the READ count values to beneficially address potential errors other than READ disturb errors. For example, it has been found that the data stored in a FLASH memory device is subject to corruption as a matter of time (e.g., as a result of the data being stored in a memory cell for a prolonged period of time) and/or as a result of some physically localized activity (e.g., a localized temperature change or radiation hit). These types of errors tend to impact not just one memory cell, but multiple memory cells in the same general physical location. Other types of “localized” errors are known, such as the failure of one or more components of a FLASH memory chip.
Because cells within a given Block are typically located physically close to one another, the methods and systems described above can be used to beneficially move data from physical locations that may be subject to localized (or other) errors. For example, in many FLASH memory systems, including the one described above, there are internal systems and methods utilized—such as ECC—to identify and correct errors that may occur within a given Page of data. If it is determined that a Page of data within a Block has an error, then the system controller can set the READ count for the block including that Page to a number that is at or above the threshold READ number (or the Critical Threshold Number, if warning and critical thresholds are used). Such a setting of the applicable threshold number will result in the other Pages within the block being moved the next time those Pages are accessed. Thus, potential errors in such Pages can be identified and, potentially, corrected during the move operation, thus minimizing the potential that uncorrectable errors will occur.
In some embodiments, the decision to set the READ count at or above the applicable threshold can be made on the occurrence of any identified error in a Page within a given Block. In other embodiments, the decision can be made upon the occurrence an error that can not be corrected through the use of the intra-Page ECC data. Still other embodiments are envisioned wherein the READ count is not adjusted until there are two (or some other predefined number of) errors or uncorrectable errors.
Because it has been determined that the presence of any errors within a Page of data may be an indication of a susceptibility to a Read Disturb error, a still alternate approach to addressing such errors would be to adjust the manner in which the Block READ Count is incremented in response to the detection of an error during a READ operation of a Page of data. For example, if a READ operation is performed on a given page and the data obtained from the page is not found to have an error, then the READ count for the Block containing the page can be incremented by one. If, however, the READ operation identified an error (such as an error correctable through the use of ECC) then the READ count can be incremented by two, twenty or some other number. Still further, if an uncorrectable error is identified, the READ count could be incremented by yet another amount. Such an approach will tend to cause the Pages within a Block associated with errors to be moved more rapidly than would occur if the READ count was incremented only based on the number of READ operations directed to the Block at issue. An alternate approach to achieving substantially the same result would be to adjust the threshold value for each Block based on the detection of errors within Pages in the Block.
For certain FLASH memory devices, to increase the performance of memory systems using FLASH memory devices, an underlying architecture is often employed in which the data in multiple FLASH memory devices is associated together to enable faster and more efficient access times and for enabling various error detection and error correction techniques. The systems and methods disclosed herein for reducing Read Disturb errors may be beneficially used in such systems.
FIG. 4A shows an alternative system 400 that, like the system of FIG. 2A includes a system controller 410 and a FLASH memory array 420. Like the memory array 220 of FIG. 2A, the memory array 420 of FIG. 4A includes a memory that comprises a number of Blocks with each Block including a plurality of Pages. In the illustrated example, there are twenty Blocks that have been divided into four groups, a first group 422 of nine Blocks, 423 a-423 i, a second group 424 of nine Blocks 425 a-425 i, a third group consisting of a single Block 426, and a fourth group consisting of a single Block 427. Each of the Blocks includes N+1 Pages, indexed 0 through N. For purposes of the following discussion, each grouping of Blocks 422 and 424 is referred to as a Block Stripe.
In some embodiments, when data is written to or read from the memory system of FIG. 4A, the data is written or read on a Page Stripe basis. This increases the speed of a read or write operation in that, assuming that the Blocks that make up the Page Stripe are in different FLASH memory devices, the writing of the Pages of data that make up the Page Stripe can occur at or very nearly at the same time. Similarly, an attempt to sequentially access the Pages that make up a Page Stripe can be processed rapidly. For example, READ operations for the Pages of the data in the Page Stripe associated with the Page0 Page data within the Block Stripe 422 can be read simultaneously or near simultaneously from each of the Blocks that form Block Stripe 422.
In the embodiment of FIG. 4A, the Page entries within the third and fourth Blocks 426 and 427 are used to store data protection information that is associated with the Page Stripes stored in the other memory Blocks (which may take the form of XOR data for other Pages in the Page Stripe, error correction codes, CRC codes and/or parity codes). In one embodiment, such data protection information reflects, on a Page-by-Page basis, the bitwise exclusive-or (XOR) of the data in the other Pages associated with the Page Stripe. As an example, Page0 in Block 426 could be used to store data protection information (such as ECC data or other data) associated with the other data Pages in the Page0 Page Stripe within Block Stripe 422. In that example, data protection information for Page Stripes stored in the Block Stripe 424 could be stored in Block 427.
In addition to implementing the ECC technique discussed above, the embodiment of FIG. 4A takes steps to reduce Read Disturb errors associated with READ operations. In the illustrated example, this method is implemented in a manner similar to that described above in connection with the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2A-2E. However, unlike the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2A-2E, where the data is moved on a Page-by-Page basis to reduce Read Disturb errors, in the embodiment of FIG. 4, the data is moved on a Page Stripe-by-Page Stripe basis.
FIG. 5 generally illustrates the operation of the system controller of the embodiment for FIG. 4A. As with the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2A-2E, the system controller 410 will maintain a count of each time a READ operation is performed. However, because the READ operations in the embodiment of FIG. 4A generally occur across the Blocks that make up the Page Stripe (or on a Block Stripe basis), the system controller will maintain a count associated with the number of times a given Block Stripe has been subjected to a READ access since the last time the Block Stripe was subject to an ERASE operation. For purposes of this present discussion, a “Block Stripe” refers to the group of Blocks that are associated together to form one or more Page Stripes. When it is determined that the READ count for a given Block Stripe has exceeded (or reached in some embodiments) the predetermined threshold number for that Block Stripe, upon the next READ operation for a given Page in a Page Stripe stored in the Block Stripe (or the next READ of the entire Page Stripe), the system controller will move the data stored in the given Page Stripe to a new location. This movement is similar to that described above in connection with the movement of a single Page in the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2A-2E, but it occurs with respect to an entire Page Stripe.
Thus, generally, in normal operation, the system controller 410 will receive a READ access request from an external device in step 500. As the READ access request will be seeking to read a Page through an associated logical address, the controller 410 will initially translate the logical address provided by the external device into a physical address of the memory array 420 in step 510. Here, the system controller 410 may also optionally implement access control policies to ensure that the access sought by the READ access request is allowed.
After the logical-to-physical address conversion has occurred, the controller 410 will check whether the READ count for the Block Stripe in which the physical Page to be accessed resides is greater than the predetermined threshold limit for that Block Stripe at step 515. If the READ count for the Block Stripe to be accessed is at or below the predetermined threshold limit for that Block Stripe, the controller 410 will increment the READ count for the Block Stripe at step 520, perform a READ operation on the physical Page corresponding to the requested logical Page at step 525, and provide the requested data to the device that issued the READ request at step 530.
On the other hand, if it is determined in step 515 that the READ count for the Block Stripe containing the physical Page corresponding to the requested logical Page is above the predetermined threshold amount for that Block Stripe, the system controller 410 will then take steps to reduce the chance that a Read Disturb error will impact the data within the Block Stripe (for example, Block Stripe 422).
If a READ operation is detected for a Page after the READ count for the Block Stripe in which the Page Stripe resides exceeds the threshold, the system controller 410 will first perform a READ operation on the physical Page at issue at step 535 and then, potentially after performing one or more error correction techniques (e.g., ECC) to verify the validity of the data, provide the requested data to the external device that made the READ request at step 540. The system controller 410 will then store all or part of the data from the Page Stripe that was read in a new Page Stripe in a different Block Stripe and then update the logical-to-physical address conversion table to indicate that the physical address associated with the logical address provided in step 500 is now associated with the physical address of the Page Stripe in the Block Stripe to which the data was moved at step 545.
After moving the data to the new physical location in a different Block Stripe, the system controller 410 will change the status for the Page Stripe in which the data was originally stored to DIRTY, as reflected by step 550.
In one embodiment, whenever a given Page of data within a Page Stripe is read, all of the data Pages within the Page Stripe are read and the data is either made available internally or provided external to the memory storage system. In this embodiment, the steps described above in connection with FIG. 5 can generally be performed on a Page Stripe basis, rather than on a Page basis. In such an embodiment, however, the page of data protection data within a Page Stripe need not be read and made available each time the Page Stripe is read and could be accessed only if the access of the pages containing stored data reveal an error or failure that can not be corrected by intra-page ECC.
In one embodiment, only the Pages of the Page Stripe that contained stored data from an external device are moved when a move operation is implemented in step 500. In such an embodiment, the Page of the Page Stripe containing data protection data is not necessarily moved since the Page containing the data protection data is not necessarily accessed each time a data Page within the Page Stripe (or multiple data Pages within the Page Stripe) are read.
The movement of a Page Stripe in accordance with the system of FIG. 4A and the method of FIG. 5 is reflected in FIGS. 4B-4C. The same general process is followed as with the movement of the Pages describe in connection with FIGS. 2A-2C and 3, except that: (i) the entire Page Stripe that is moved, (ii) the logical addresses for all of the Pages in the Page Stripe are remapped to new physical addresses, and all of the Pages where the Page Stripe data was previously stored are set as DIRTY. In the example shown in FIG. 4B-4C, the data in the Page Stripe made of the first Page (Page0) of each Block in Block Stripe 422 has been moved to the Page Stripe made of the third Page (Page2) of each Block in Block Stripe 424. Movement of other Page Stripes may be accomplished in a similar manner and are therefore not expressly illustrated here for economy of the description. While this approach may add some additional overhead not associated with the embodiment of FIGS. 2A-2C and 3, it allows for the manipulation of data on a Page Stripe-by-Page Stripe basis, which is desirable in certain applications.
In the embodiment of FIGS. 4A-4C and 5, the system controller 210 maintains a separate map that associates each Page Stripe with a Page of data protection data that, for the Page Stripes originally in Block Stripe 422 is stored in the Pages of Block 426. As noted above, in the illustrated embodiment, the data within the Block 426 is not necessarily moved each time the data in its associated Page Stripe is moved. However, alternate embodiments are envisioned where the data in the ECC/parity Block is moved along with its associated Page Stripe.
It should be appreciated that the various alternative approaches described above in connection with systems operating on a Page basis, including but not limited to the approaches illustrated in FIGS. 3A-3C, can be implemented on a Page Stripe or Block Stripe basis.
A further embodiment for reducing Read Disturb errors in applications utilizing Page Stripes is reflected in FIG. 6A. FIG. 6A illustrates a memory system 600 that, like the system of FIGS. 4A-4C and 5, stores data across a plurality of Pages and a plurality of Blocks utilizing Page Stripes. In the embodiment of FIG. 6A, however, the data for a given Page Stripe is not stored in the same Page location in each Block of the Block Stripe in which the Page stripe data is stored. Instead, the data for a given Page stripe is such that the positions of the Pages associated with the Page stripe intentionally vary from Block to Block, at least for multiple Blocks in which the Page Stripe is stored. This implementation can be beneficial in preventing unrecoverable Read Disturb errors since it appears that the sensitivity of a memory cell to a Read Disturb error is associated with its physical position within a Block. Accordingly, using the approach of FIG. 6A and distributing the Pages comprising the Page Stripe across different physical locations within the Blocks making up the Block Stripe where the Page Stripe is stored, the number of Read Disturb errors that can not be corrected through ECC is reduced.
In FIG. 6A, the locations of the Pages making up two exemplary Page Stripes 630 and 635 are illustrated (see highlighted Pages). Page Stripe 630 is shown as being in the Block Stripe 622 and is shown as having all of the Pages in the Page Stripe residing at the Page0 locations of their respective Blocks.
Page Stripe 635, illustrated as being in Block Stripe 624, is shown as having the Page locations of its Page Stripe vary across the Block Stripe. As noted above, this approach is advantageous in reducing the conditions under which Read Disturb errors occur.
The precise Page location of the Pages with a Page Stripe using the technique under description is not critical. FIG. 6B illustrates examples of two Page Stripes (one in each of Block Groups 622 and 624) where the Page locations for the Pages within the Page Stripe vary.
In the embodiment of FIGS. 6A and 6B it should be noted that there should be some mechanism, for example a set of tables maintained by a system controller 610, that includes information that identifies, for each Page Stripe, which Pages are associated with that Page Stripe.
This beneficial attributes of the embodiment of FIGS. 6A and 6B exist independently of any other mechanisms for Read Disturb reduction. The system of FIGS. 6A and 6B, however, may be combined with one of the methods of FIG. 3 or 5 (or a variant thereof) to provide even further Read Disturb protection.
The embodiments described above with respect to FIGS. 2-6B concern approaches for storing and moving data in an effort to reduce Read Disturb errors or unrecoverable Read Disturb errors. Alternate approaches based on physical nature of the FLASH memory devices could be used.
FIG. 7A illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a highly simplified FLASH memory Block 700. The general construction of this simplified array is similar to that discussed above with respect to FIG. 1 insofar as a NAND FLASH memory 700 includes nine memory cells 710 a-710 i, arranged in a three-by-three array. As before, cells using a floating gate construction are used for purposes of illustration. From top to bottom, the cells are coupled together in series to form what is sometimes called a bit line. For example, cells 710 a, 710 d and 710 g are coupled together in series to form a bit line. The illustrated Block 700, however, includes an additional modified memory cell 712. In the embodiment of FIG. 7A, the additional modified memory cell 712 and the control circuitry 715 associated with it is arranged such that the memory cell is, either at or just after the performance of an ERASE operation on the Block 700, placed on a low charge state. The cell 712 and the associated circuitry 715 are further configured such that a voltage is applied to the gate of cell 712 each time a READ operation is performed on any of the Pages within the Block 712. The voltage applied during such a read operation is, in one embodiment, the same voltage that is applied to the gates of the transistors associated with the Page that is not being read during a READ operation.
In the embodiment of FIG. 7A, the modified memory cell 712 is constructed in a manner physically different from those of the devices forming the standard memory cells 710 a-i and in such a way that it is more susceptible to having induced Read Disturb errors. As one example, a floating gate of the modified memory cell 712 could be constructed such that its physical location and/or size, relative to the other transistor components within the cell, differs from the equivalent characteristics of a standard cell so that charge migration into the floating gate is enhanced relative to the charge migration experienced by a standard cell under identical operating conditions. Alternatively, the conductive or dielectric nature of the material separating the floating gate from the main gate could be adjust to promote charge migration. Still further approaches can be used wherein the modified memory cell is identical in physical construction to the standard memory cells, but where the voltages applied to the modified cell, for example if the cell is a floating gate transistor, the voltages applied to the drain, source, gate and/or the bias voltages, are such as to make it more susceptible to Read Disturb errors. Regardless of the method in which it is constructed, the intention is to ensure that the modified memory cell 712 is constructed and utilized in such a way that it collects and retains charge that is incurred as a result of the stresses imposed upon it by a READ operation at a rate and level greater than that of the standard memory cells 710 a-i.
Because it collects charge more rapidly than the standard memory cells, the modified memory cell 712 can act as a specialized “detecting” cell.
In one embodiment, the detecting cell is (or the detecting cells are) erased at the same time as the memory cells associated with the detecting cell(s) such that the detection of charge migration for the detecting cell(s) will begin from the same low or no charge state as the memory cells associated with the detecting cell(s). A comparator circuit (not illustrated) may then be provided to compare the charge from the modified memory cell 712 to a reference voltage and/or to determine whether the modified memory cell exhibits characteristics associated with a Read Disturb error. Circuitry, generally illustrated in FIG. 7A as an OR gate 715, combines the read signals from the standard memory cells 710 a-i. The output of circuitry 715 is then connected to the gate of the modified cell 712 so that a read signal is also applied to the modified cell 712 whenever a read signal is applied to one of the standard memory cells 710 a-i. By performing a simulated READ operation on the modified cell 712 each time a READ operation occurs for the Block associated with the modified cell 712, and monitoring the output from the modified cell 712, one can identify the onset of conditions conducive to a Read Disturb error. In other words, the transition of the logical state associated with the modified cell from that associated with a no or low charge state to that associated with a high charge state will indicate the existence within the Block of conditions conducive to a Read Disturb error. This indication can then trigger a process, either internal or external to the flash chip, by which data within the Block is moved, either in toto or on a Page-access by Page-access basis as described above.
Alternate embodiments are envisioned in which more than one modified cell is provided for each Block. Such cells may be located at various physical positions within the Block. For example, FIG. 7B illustrates a simplified example where three modified storage cells 718, 720, and 722 are provided at three discrete locations within the Block. The system of FIG. 7B operates in a similar manner to the system described in FIG. 7A. In this embodiment, each of the modified cells 718, 720, and 722 will be subject to the application of a READ gate voltage as described above. Whenever the reading from a given modified cell (718, 720, 722) indicates that the conditions for a Read Disturb error exist, the entire Block of Pages could be moved or, in some embodiments, only those Pages physically proximate to the modified storage cell reflective of such conditions will be moved, or subject to moving on a Page-by-Page basis. For example, if the modified storage cell 720 reflected that conditions conducive to a Read Disturb error existed, but the modified storage cells 718 and 722 did not reflect those conditions, only the data in the Page or Pages near the modified storage cell 720 (the Page with cells 710 d, 710 e and 710 f in the example shown) would be subject to moving. The data in other Pages within the Block would be allowed to retain their positions until the modified cells proximate to the Pages where that data is stored indicate conditions prone to Read Disturb errors.
In yet another embodiment, illustrated in FIG. 7C, an extra cell is added to each bit line in the flash memory Block 700. These extra cells 750 a-750 c could be added to each bit line, or to any subset of the bit lines within a Block. These added cells could be modified cells, designed specifically to yield an early warning of impending read disturb errors, or they could be nominally identical to the other standard cells within the Block. For the case in which the cells are nominally identical to standard cells, post-production testing could be performed to identify a specific cell within the bit line which would generally be most susceptible to read disturbance. This more susceptible cell could then be used as a detector to give an early warning of impending read disturb failures within the bit line. Regardless of the manner in which the early warning cells are selected, the end result is a mechanism for the early detection of impending read disturb errors, just as in the previous embodiments.
The above embodiments are illustrative and not limiting. Other and further embodiments utilizing one or more aspects of the inventions described above can be devised without departing from the spirit of Applicant's invention. For example, instead of making the modified storage cells discussed above in connection with FIGS. 7A and 7B more susceptible to Read Disturb errors through physical modification, they could be made more prone to such errors through modifying the electrical signals provided to the cells in terms of, for example, raising the gate voltage applied during a read operation or adjusting the bias voltages applied to the transistor within the cell. Further, the various methods and embodiments discussed above can be included in combination with each other to produce variations of the disclosed methods and embodiments. Thus, one could use a READ count for a given Block of data as described in the methods of FIGS. 3 and/or 5 along with a modified cell as described in FIGS. 7A and 7B. Discussion of singular elements can include plural elements and vice-versa.
Still further, the above examples discuss the utilization of sensed voltage signals to detect conditions indicative of a potential read disturb error. Other sensed characteristic, such as a sensed current value, a sensed electrical field, or some other sensed signal could be used. Still further combinations of such sensed characteristics can be used. In such embodiments, the sensed characteristic or characteristics can generally correspond to the amount of charge that has accumulated in the modified (or detector) cell.
Further, the order of steps can occur in a variety of sequences unless otherwise specifically limited. The various steps described herein can be combined with other steps, interlineated with the stated steps, and/or split into multiple steps. Similarly, elements have been described functionally and can be embodied as separate components or can be combined into components having multiple functions. Still further any type of NAND FLASH memory (including SLC and MLC) memory can be used.
The inventions have been described in the context of preferred and other embodiments and not every embodiment of the invention has been described. Obvious modifications and alterations to the described embodiments are available to those of ordinary skill in the art. The disclosed and undisclosed embodiments are not intended to limit or restrict the scope or applicability of the invention conceived of by the Applicants. Applicants intend to fully protect all such modifications and improvements that come within the scope or range of equivalent of the following claims.
at least one modified memory cell associated with the plurality of FLASH memory cells that is configured in such a manner that it is more susceptible to a read disturb error than the plurality of FLASH memory cells.
2. The FLASH memory device of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of FLASH memory cells and the modified memory cell includes a floating gate transistor, and wherein the FLASH memory device further comprises circuitry for applying a voltage to a gate of the modified memory cell when a voltage is applied to a gate of at least one of the plurality of FLASH memory cells.
3. The FLASH memory device of claim 2 wherein voltages are applied to the gates of the plurality of FLASH memory cells and the modified memory cell during a READ operation, wherein the voltages that are applied to the gates of the plurality of FLASH memory cells will vary depending on whether the FLASH memory cell is being read during the READ operation.
4. The FLASH memory device of claim 3 wherein the voltage applied to the gate of the modified memory cell during a READ operation is greater than the voltage applied to the gate of one of the plurality of FLASH memory cells that is not being read as part of the READ operation, wherein the greater gate voltage configures the modified memory cell such that it is more susceptible to a read disturb error than the plurality of FLASH memory cells.
5. The FLASH memory device of claim 3 wherein amount of time the voltage applied to the gate of the modified memory cell during a READ operation is greater than the amount of time a voltage is applied to the gate of one of the plurality of FLASH memory cells that is not being read as part of the READ operation, wherein the greater amount of time over which the voltage is applied configures the modified memory cell such that it is more susceptible to a read disturb error than the plurality of FLASH memory cells.
6. The FLASH memory device of claim 1 wherein the modified memory cell is constructed in a manner that is different from the plurality of FLASH memory cells and such construction configures the modified memory cell in such a manner that it is more susceptible to a read disturb error than the plurality of FLASH memory cells.
7. The FLASH memory device of claim 6 wherein the modified memory cell is constructed such that the size of its floating gate transistor is different from the size of the floating gate transistors for the plurality of FLASH memory cells.
8. The FLASH memory device of claim 1 wherein the construction of the modified memory cell is substantially the same as the plurality of FLASH memory cells and further including circuitry to apply voltages to the modified memory cell to configure the modified memory cell such that, as a result of the applied voltages, it is more susceptible to read disturb errors than the plurality of FLASH memory cells.
9. The FLASH memory device of claim 1 further including circuitry for detecting a read disturb error in the modified memory cell and for moving the data stored within the plurality of FLASH memory cells to new physical locations upon the detection of the read disturb error.
a comparator coupled to the sensor and adapted to compare the sensed electrical characteristic to a reference signal and provide an output, the output of the comparator generally providing an indication of increased likelihood of an error occurring within the group of memory cells.
11. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein the group of memory cells and the detecting cell are all located within the same bitline.
12. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein the group of memory cells constitutes a Block of memory cells.
13. The apparatus of claim 12 further including a second detecting cell associated with the Block of memory cells.
14. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein the construction of the detecting cell is the same as the construction of each of the memory cells within the group of memory cells.
15. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein the sensed electrical characteristic is voltage and wherein the reference signal is a reference voltage.
16. The apparatus of claim 15 further comprising circuitry coupled to the comparator for moving the data stored in the group of memory cells to new physical locations when the output of the comparator indicates that the sensed voltage exceeds the reference voltage.
17. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein the circuitry for moving the data stored in the group of memory cells moves all of the data in the group of memory cells to new physical locations when the output of the comparator indicates that there is an increased likelihood of an error.
means for receiving a READ request directed to a given Page within a Block and for providing a voltage to: (i) the memory cells in the Pages within the Block that are not the target of the READ request, and (ii) the detecting means.
19. The flash memory device of claim 18 wherein the FLASH memory space includes address locations grouped into a plurality of Blocks and wherein the device further comprises means for receiving the output signal from the detecting means and for moving the data stored within the Pages of the Block to pages within a different Block upon the output signal from the detecting means.
20. The flash memory system of claim 19 wherein the means for receiving and moving the data stored within the Pages in the Block is configured to move the data for each Page within the Block upon the receipt of a READ request directed to the Page.
21. The flash memory device of claim 18 further including means for initializing the output signal of the detecting means to a predetermined level upon the performance of an erase operation on the Block.
22. The flash memory device of claim 18 wherein the detecting means is a memory cell within the Block that has been determined to be more susceptible to errors than the other memory cells within the Block.
23. The flash memory device of claim 18 wherein the output signal from the detecting means is a voltage signal.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-24T05:24:51",
"url": "https://patents.google.com/patent/US20110038203A1/en",
"language": "en",
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Plans for your community’s future come to life when a landscape architect is involved.
Prein&Newhof hired its first in-house landscape architect in 2015, and now has three full-time landscape architects. Our LA team has the ability to listen to the unique needs and challenges of each project and blend them with a keen eye for quality, aesthetics, and user experience that make for successful site design.
Landscape architecture can touch all aspects of planning, design and construction administration for projects like K-12 and collegiate athletic fields, parks, bike paths, playgrounds, drives, parking lots, green roofs, rain gardens, streetscapes, fountains, splash pads, native prairie plantings, entry landscaping, and storm water detention and retention systems.
In addition to project experience, our landscape architects bring a talent and love for drawing, illustration, and graphic communication in both 2D and 3D. A combination of hand and digital techniques can bring a design to life, helping clients and their stakeholders make informed decisions.
If you think your next project could use a landscape architect’s expertise, contact Matt Levandoski, PLA at (616) 394-0200 or by email.
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-20T16:30:55",
"url": "https://www.preinnewhof.com/services/landscape-architecture/",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
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The Latin translation of Pulmonaria refers to the lungs and how one particular species in this Genus was considered as a cure for diseases of the lungs.
This evergreen perennial has hairy mid-green leaves that are covered in white blotches. The light pink flower buds open to reveal pure white flowers during Spring.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-21T04:33:08",
"url": "http://plantadvice.co.uk/plants/perennials/pulmonaria-officinalis-sissinghurst-white/38",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
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Waterfront w/like-new 2002 Fleetwood doublewide! Beautiful deck across entire back of home, easy walk to back yard, stationary pier, & when water's up, to the waterfront. 3 BD 2 BA with beautiful rock fireplace, Open, split floor plan with LARGE island kitchen, tons of windows for water views from practically every room!! Looking for a waterfront get-a-way, with your own access??!! This could be it! Seller has offered to leave furnishings & appliances w/acceptable offer!
I am interested in 751 Lakeshore Dr, Bandera, TX 78003.
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-23T20:17:02",
"url": "http://realestate.sabor.com/homes-for-sale/751-Lakeshore-Dr-Bandera-TX-78003-258425882",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
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13 October 2016: Families who lost everything when Hurricane Matthew swept across Haiti last week are being offered a communications lifeline by Télécoms Sans Frontières (TSF).
Two teams in the devastated towns of Jérémie and Les Cayes have started humanitarian calling operations, enabling people to make free calls on IsatPhone Pro satellite phones to relatives and friends anywhere in the world, to let them know they are alive and to seek desperately needed assistance. In the first few days, nearly 550 victims of the hurricane were able to make contact with loved ones.
TSF is also supporting national relief efforts by setting up BGAN satellite communication links in departmental emergency operations centres, so critical data on damage assessment and priority needs can be shared. Aid agencies dealing with rising tensions in the aftermath of the storm have been equipped with IsatPhone Pro phones for security.
Immediately after Hurricane Matthew struck the island on 4 October, TSF-trained volunteers from the National Association of the Scouts of Haiti were collaborating with the National Emergency Operations Centre (COUN) and the Haitian Civil Protection body in the capital, Port-au-Prince.
“Faced with the scale of the disaster, and with the death toll steadily rising, TSF will continue its direct collaboration with the Scouts Association, as well as the Haitian Civil Protection body and the governmental operations centres,” said Alexander James Thomas, TSF Head of International Relations and Communication.
The category 4 storm is feared to have killed as many as 900 people on Haiti. Tens of thousands of homes were destroyed, along with essential infrastructure including the road bridge connecting the north and south of the island and terrestrial and mobile communication networks.
The United Nations has made an emergency appeal for nearly $120m (£97m) to provide lifesaving assistance and protection for 750,000 people now facing the risk of a cholera epidemic and famine, the hurricane having wiped out crops and food reserves.
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-19T16:44:44",
"url": "https://www.inmarsat.com/news/tsf-offers-satellite-phone-lifeline-haitians/",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
Wool is a must for winter and colder climates, particularly due to its ability to absorb moisture and naturally insulates against heat and cold. Fibrous and heavenly soft, our Wool blend fabric has a satin luster and a soft feel, yet still remains warm. Pashmina or cashmere wool is a glorious mid-weight fabric – never too heavey and never too light, these are the ultimate wools. Our wool material fabric is ideal for upholstering lounges, chairs and ottomans. Shop with one of the leading online fabric stores in Australia. Come shop with us!
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-21T00:43:49",
"url": "https://www.fabrichouse.com.au/product-category/wool/",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
Bajirao Mastani 3 movie in hindi 3gp download free movies to watch online . Where can I download English movies easily .. Project Marathwada 2012 Telugu Movie Subtitles Download .
. Dil Ka Raja 2 hd full movie download Dunno Y2 Life Is A Moment 2 . 2012 Telugu Movie English Subtitles . HD Movies Download. Simran 2017 Hindi Movie .
List of all latest 2015 Bollywood Movies and all information of Hindi Movies released in 2015 . DUNNO Y2 LIFE IS A MOMENT. 18 . Top 28 Bollywood Hindi Movies Of 2012.
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-22T02:33:12",
"url": "http://wildboobi.jugem.jp/?eid=220",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
Click the "Save as Type" pull-down menu button and click on the "PDF (*.PDF)" option. Type a name for the document into the "File Name" input box. Click the "Options" button to change the document's DPI settings. Publisher offers four standard options with different DPI settings.... PDF/X‑4 has the same color-management and International Color Consortium (ICC) color specifications as PDF/X‑3. You can create PDF/X‑4‑compliant files directly with Creative Suite 3 applications (Illustrator, InDesign, and Photoshop).
Adobe Acrobat's Portable Document Format, or PDF, allows you to create documents designed to display on computers, as well as print on printing presses. However, computers produce color for display on computer monitors by combining shades of red, green and blue -- the RGB color model. Printing presses, on the other hand, use the cyan, magenta, yellow, and black, or CMYK, color …... 5/03/2010 · 1) printing to PDF won't work, you need to use the acrobat PDF creator toolbar "create PDF". 2) this only is available in Office, and IE, not Firefox. So, you can't do what I wanted, to print or save portions of a web page from Firefox, and get color & links.
Click the "Save as Type" pull-down menu button and click on the "PDF (*.PDF)" option. Type a name for the document into the "File Name" input box. Click the "Options" button to change the document's DPI settings. Publisher offers four standard options with different DPI settings.
PDF/X‑4 has the same color-management and International Color Consortium (ICC) color specifications as PDF/X‑3. You can create PDF/X‑4‑compliant files directly with Creative Suite 3 applications (Illustrator, InDesign, and Photoshop).
How to Save a Publisher Document as a PDF in Publisher 2013 The steps in this article will show you how to convert a file that is open in Microsoft Publisher (typically of the .pub file type) to a PDF.
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-26T12:28:23",
"url": "http://ozonahockey.com/northern-territory/save-publisher-as-pdf-loses-color.php",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
You need to keep in mind a couple of very important terms as you read about the various tools and commands with which you make selections. Both feathering and anti-aliasing make the edges of your selections softer by using partially transparent or differently colored pixels. That, in turn, helps blend whatever you're doing to that selection into the rest of the image.
Nothing illustrates the power of feathering quite like a simple black-on-white demonstration, as you see in Figure 8-4. In the upper-left, I made an unfeath-ered selection and filled it with black. To the upper-right, the filled selection is exactly the same size but has a 2-pixel feather. Below, I used a 15-pixel feather when making the selection.
Figure 8-4: A close-up look at no feathering, feathering, and lots of feathering.
Note that there's feathering on both sides of the selection border. And don't be fooled by the amount that you enter in the Feather field on the Options bar — that's a general guideline, not a precise value. A 15-pixel feather for the Elliptical Marquee tool might give you 50 or 60 partially transparent pixels, half on either side of the selection border. Even a 1-pixel feather gives you a selection with several "soft" pixels on either side.
Anti-aliasing is similar to feathering in that it softens edges: It's designed to hide the corners of pixels along curves and in diagonal lines. You use anti-aliasing with type (as I explain in Chapter 13). You'll often find that anti-aliasing is all you need to keep the edges of your selections pretty; feathering isn't required. Antialiasing is a yes/no option, with no numeric field to worry about. Figure 8-5 compares a diagonal with no antialiasing, with anti-aliasing, and with a 1-pixel feather.
Figure 8-5: Anti-aliasing helps smooth the appearance of curves and diagonals.
At 100 percent zoom (to the upper left), the first line looks bumpy along the edges (has a case of the jaggies). The lower line looks soft and mushy, out of focus. And the middle line? To quote Goldilocks, "It's just right!" When zoomed to 600%, you can really see those jaggies and that softening. And in the middle, you see that the anti-aliasing uses light gray and mid-gray pixels interspersed along the edge among the black pixels. At 100% zoom (upper-left), your eye is fooled into seeing a straight black edge.
Generally speaking, use anti-aliasing with just about every selection (other than rectangular or square), and use feathering when you want to really soften the edges to create a special effect.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-20T12:19:59",
"url": "https://www.photoshopfaceoff.com/photoshop_tutorials_4/feathering_and_antialiasing.html",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
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www.grandharboragent.cpm presents, Vero Beach homes for sale – MLS 178208 Astounding wide open views of the Inter-Coastal Waterway and the Pelican Island Preserve from this 5 unit investment apartment complex solid concrete block construction with a metal roof. Earn cash flow while you prepare to build your waterfront dream home. The Dock on the river needs to be rebuilt but some pilings remain. A quick ride to the beach and Publix shopping center.
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-24T20:39:42",
"url": "http://www.grandharboragent.com/sebastian-homes-for-sale-9150-44th-avenue-units-1-thru-5-sebastian-florida/",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
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|
A new study links convergent evolutionary changes within Neandertals and Woolly Mammoths with epigenetic and genetic modifications in response to the cold environment they both endured. The Woolly Mammoth evolved in Arctic Eurasia around 600,000 years ago from an African ancestor. Neandertals evolved in Europe about 400,000 years ago, and also from an African ancestor. These two species evolved under the same conditions at almost the same time. The researchers compared genetic variants associated with adaptation to the cold climate found in both genomes and there were some definite similarities. There were similar genetic changes in the regulation of body heat as well as hair and skin morphology and color.
"It can be reasonably assumed that the appearance of such similarities in gene pathways, alleles, and even haplotypes, is not accidental, and we believe they attest to a degree of parallelism in the process of adaptation process to cold climates."
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-21T18:32:36",
"url": "http://creationsciencefiction.com/entries/general/neandertals-and-woolly-mammoths-evolved-genetic-similarities",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
ITCC has a team of locksmiths operating in and around Montpelier. Our Locksmiths live locally to the areas they work and can be with you in as little as 20 minutes if your in an emergency situation.
With over 10 Years Experience ITCC and our team of Montpelier Locksmiths will be able to get you back on track in no time.
ITCC Locksmiths in Montpelier delivers a comprehensive locksmith service 24 hours a day. All of our locksmiths have been fully trained in both traditional and new locksmith techniques. Our locksmith will arrive at your property fully equipped to deal with any job, if you need a new lock installed or an existing lock changed our locksmith will show you a number of different locks varying in security and price giving you control of the overall costs.
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-20T01:23:51",
"url": "https://itcclocksmiths.co.uk/locksmith-montpelier-bs6/",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
We featured a 2-in-1 wireless charging station last week, but the Moko Fast Qi wireless charging stand may draw your more attention if you have a preference on compact design.
The wireless charging dock measures 5.5 x 4.1 x 4.8 inches and weighs 9 ounces. As we can see from the images, the dock shows off a sleek and compact appearance design. With the white-and-gray body, the charger is compliant to various interior styles.
The 2-in-1 wireless charging dock comes equipped with two coils in order to support both portrait and landscape mode during charging your Qi-enabled iPhone at 7.5W. And it supports 10W wireless charging for Galaxy phones, but you need a QC2.0/ QC3.0 power adapter. Furthermore, an integrated Apple Watch charger works with 38mm and 42mm Apple Watch Series 2 and Series 3 models. Using built-in overcurrent, overheat, over-voltage and short circuit protection, it protects you and your devices during charging. In addition, the anti-slip silicone pads keep the charger stably standing on any surface.
The Fast Qi wireless charging stand is priced at $32.99 USD. If you’re interested, jump to the product page for its more details.
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-21T06:33:00",
"url": "http://gadgetsin.com/moko-fast-qi-wireless-charging-stand-for-iphone-and-apple-watch.htm",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
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Like many other Web sites, https://www.egglesscooking.com makes use of log files. The information inside the log files includes internet protocol ( IP ) addresses, type of browser, Internet Service Provider ( ISP ), date/time stamp, referring/exit pages, and a number of clicks to analyze trends, administer the site, track user movements around the site, and gather demographic information. IP addresses and other such information are not linked to any information that is personally identifiable.
Amazon affiliate disclosure: Eggless Cooking is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. Please visit Amazon.com Privacy Notice for details.
https://www.egglesscooking.com has no access to or control over these cookies that are used by third-party advertisers.
If you upload file to the website, you should avoid uploading file with embedded location data (EXIF GPS) included. Visitors to the website can download and extract any location data from file on the website.
Articles on this site may include embedded content (e.g. videos, file, articles, etc.). Embedded content from other websites behaves in the exact same way as if the visitor has visited the other website.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-26T16:13:15",
"url": "https://www.egglesscooking.com/privacy-policy/",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
* Our business is exploding!
* Are you interested in getting referrals?
For Sale By Owner network.
thinking about it, complete the following form.
You will be contacted the same day.
Copyright © 2003. 4salemls.com. All rights reserved.
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-24T12:10:21",
"url": "http://4salemls.com/network.html",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
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Ghs Symbol Meanings Best Ghs Labels Explained What The Different Symbols Mean. This amazing photo collections about Ghs Symbol Meanings Best Ghs Labels Explained What The Different Symbols Mean is available to download. We collect this amazing photo from internet and choose the best for you. Ghs Symbol Meanings Best Ghs Labels Explained What The Different Symbols Mean photos and pictures collection that posted here was carefully selected and uploaded by Rockymage team after choosing the ones that are best among the others. So, finally we make it and here these list of amazing photo for your inspiration and informational purpose regarding the Ghs Symbol Meanings Best Ghs Labels Explained What The Different Symbols Mean as part of symbol exclusive updates collection.Ghs Symbol Meanings Best Ghs Labels Explained What The Different Symbols Mean, take your time and find the best Ghs Symbol Meanings Best Ghs Labels Explained What The Different Symbols Mean images and pictures posted here that suitable with your needs and use it for your own collection and personal use. Ghs Symbol Meanings Best Ghs Labels Explained What The Different Symbols Mean.
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-21T07:10:41",
"url": "https://itbiografie.com/ghs-symbol-meanings/ghs-symbol-meanings-best-ghs-labels-explained-what-the-different-symbols-mean/",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
Visit the Kawasaki owners center for up to date service manuals, parts diagrams, ROK info, owner support, warranty info, Kawasaki Protection Plus& more. View and Download Kawasaki 1988 Ninja 250R supplemental service manual online. 1988 Ninja 250R Motorcycle pdf manual download.
Also for: 1988 gpx 250r. View and Download Kawasaki Ninja 250R service manual online. Ninja 250R Motorcycle pdf manual download. Also for: Ninja 250r. Kawasaki Service Repair Manual Free PDF z750, ninja 300, z800, z1000, er5, versys, zx6r, klr650, kx65, ninja, zx9r, zx10r, zx12r, vulcan, kx250 CompanyKawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd.Japan. No liability can be accepted for any inaccuracies or omissions in this publication, although every possible care has been taken to make it as complete and accurate as possible.
Kawasaki Motorcycle repair manuals. One of the most popular motorcycle models manufactured by Kawasaki, however, is the ZX6R Ninja, which was first introduced in 1995. It was then revamped in 1998, and again in 2003, and came complete with a fuel injected engine, sixspeed gearbox, and fourpiston brakes. If you own a Kawasaki Kawasaki motorcycle manuals Clymer Kawasaki manuals are written specifically for the doityourself enthusiast.
From basic maintenance and troubleshooting to complete overhauls, our Kawasaki manuals provide the information you need.
1998 Kawasaki Ninja 250R EX250F Parts at BikeBandit. com. The Web's most trusted source for 1998 Kawasaki Ninja 250R EX250F OEM Parts. I needed the Owners Manual for the Kawasaki Ninja EX 250 J. I checked out both the 2008 Kawasaki Ninja 250 R and the 2008 Kawasaki Ninja 250R.
(NOTE: the difference between the two is the space between 250 and R) The Kawasaki Ninja manual teaches you every service and repair job on your 1988 to 2012 250R. Get Free Shipping on all Kawasaki Ninja manuals online. Brute Force 650 4x4 Realtree Hardwoods Green HD. 2009 Kawasaki Brute Force 650 4x4 Realtree Hardwoods Green HD Find great deals on eBay for 1998 kawasaki ninja 250.
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-21T08:20:02",
"url": "https://thelancelife.com/13188.html",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
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, currently showing 41 to 50.
Want an extreme experience in Newcastle, or know someone who does? How does dodging pellets of paint flying at over 170mph, while you’re running through a field littered with real red double decker buses and replica villages sound?
Escape Newcastle is a new, fun, challenging live exit game. We are based in Newcastle City Centre and our games are designed for teams of 2 - 5.
A former colliery site, Weetslade Country Park has been extensively landscaped to create a wildlife haven on the edge of the city with a hill, grassland, scrub, reed bed and woodland areas.
Enjoy a family fun day out at Namco Funscape, in Metrocentre, Gateshead. You'll find a mix of arcade games and entertainment for all ages.
Ouseburn Farm is a community led project located in the Lower Ouseburn Valley, just a mile from Newcastle city centre.
Jesmond Dene is a unique haven of peace and tranquility, just minutes from Newcastle City Centre. It is a narrow wooded valley that follows the river Ouseburn between South Gosforth and Jesmond Vale.
Woodlands, riverside meadows and the Derwent Walk (a disused railway line). Served by Thornley Woodlands Visitor Centre and Swalwell Visitor Centre.
By 2009, 94 red kites had been re-introduced into Gateshead's lower Derwent Valley.
With rocky shores, grey seals and many species of seabird, the Farne Islands are as stunning as they are interesting. If you’re planning a day trip, be sure to take a picnic.
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-23T12:50:12",
"url": "https://www.newcastlegateshead.com/things-to-do/family-fun?p=5",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
A cabin crew member has launched a campaign to have Ryanair’s advertising campaign banned on the grounds that is it “sexist”. The series of ads launched by Michael O’Leary’s company feature members of the “red hot” flight staff wearing underwear.
So far the campaign leader, identified only as Ghada, has attracted over 7,000 supporters on the website Chang.org.
Ghada asks that the Advertising Standards Authority (ASA) ban these ads which have the tagline “Red Hot Fares & Crew”.
As part of her “Ryanair: stop selling your staff” campaign she says “I'm a member of cabin crew. I love my job and take it seriously, so I was disgusted to see this Ryanair ad which basically portrays cabin crew as glamour models.
"My work colleagues, many of whom are male, work hard with me to ensure the safety of our passengers. Safety is our number-one priority, not the brand of our underwear."
“Ryanair need to have these types of adverts banned.
“We have come a long way from seeing women purely in a sexual way as opposed to a professional way. No other profession would get away with depicting women in this way.
Speaking to the Irish Independent Brie Rogers Lowey, the UK campaigns director for Change.org, said “This campaign shows that Ryanair cannot get away with objectifying female staff in their adverts.
"With no budget and only a computer at her disposal, Ghada has managed to recruit thousands of supporters."
Ryanair’s “Girls of Ryanair” calendar is also being protested. Members of the Tyrius association, in Spain, have reported the calendar to the Valencia Sexist Advertising Observatory. They are demanding that sales on that grounds that the calendar exploits women and the Ryanair staff.
In response Ryanair said all staff members posed voluntarily. They also announced that €10,000 of the proceeds from the calendar will go to the charity Debra.
Already the calendar has sold 7,000 copies and earned €100,000.
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-25T02:49:11",
"url": "https://www.irishcentral.com/news/campaign-launched-to-ban-ryanairs-sexist-advertisements-featuring-red-hot-staff-135571308-237743911",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
"In situ construction of yolk-shell zinc cobaltite with uniform carbon " by Xiaoya Chang, Lei Zang et al.
Chang, X., Zang, L., Liu, S., Wang, M., Guo, H., Wang, C. & Wang, Y. (2018). In situ construction of yolk-shell zinc cobaltite with uniform carbon doping for high performance asymmetric supercapacitors. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 6 (19), 9109-9115.
Zinc cobaltite (ZnCo 2 O 4 ) is a promising material for supercapacitors with appreciable theoretical capacitance. However, it suffers from poor electrical conductivity and large volume expansion during charge-discharge processes. In this work, a novel material, ZnCo 2 O 4 /C microspheres in a yolk-shell structure, is fabricated by a facile refluxing process in combination with a calcination treatment. Carbon is in situ formed via the pyrolysis of polyvinyl pyrrolidone and uniformly dispersed both in the core and the shell. Benefiting from the unique structure and the synergistic effect of the two components, this material exhibits remarkable electrochemical properties such as high specific capacitance (1821 F g -1 at 5 A g -1 ), excellent rate performance, and superior cycling stability (no capacitance loss over 9000 cycles). The assembled asymmetric supercapacitor coupled with an active carbon anode can deliver a high energy density of 45.9 W h kg -1 at a power density of 700 W kg -1 with an excellent cycling stability (i.e. a capacitance retention rate over 95% after 9000 cycles).
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-18T12:15:02",
"url": "https://ro.uow.edu.au/aiimpapers/3125/",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
While prepasring for interview many candidates got consused while answering common questions. So Today I made list commonly asked Interview questions.
Meaning of your name, who named you and why?
Do you have any namesake?
What is your father and his job profile?
Tell me about your native place/city/ state and it is famous for what?
If you do not succeed this time, what will you do?
Tell me something about your achievements?
Any extra-curricular activity pursued by you?
What qualities should one possess to be a Bank P.O.? Do you think you have these qualities?
What is the current financial position of bank?
Name the person who inspired you the most?
How is your subject helpful in banking sector?
Newspapers and magazines that you normally read? Name the Editor of Newspaper?
Why do you want to be a P.O.?
Where you see yourself after 10 years ?
Have you cleared any exam earlier?
You passed B.Sc./B.Com/B.A. in the year 2007, what were you doing till now?
There is a gap in between graduation and P.G. Why?
What is the use of your subject in this sector?
What is the use of your subject in life?
How do you correlate your subjects with Banking?
Why didn‘t you continue your studies?
Your subjects are related with IAS, PCS. Then why are you here?
From which college/univeristy have you completed your graduation?
What are the specialities of the schools/colleges from where you have acquired education?
Why have you switched to Arts stream from Science stream or vice versa?
These days the use of computer is increasing in the banking industry. Since you don’t have the knowledge of computers, how will you perform your job satisfactorily?
You have done MCA then why d on’t you go for technical post?
What is the motto of your college/university?
You have written in your bio data “N.A.” What is this?
koi affadavit 2 ni banwani hogi na iskeliye??
Hello sir, i completed my M.E . tel me sme suggestn hw to answer why bank PO after M.E?
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-24T15:15:44",
"url": "https://www.bankexamstoday.com/2014/12/50-common-interview-questions-in-bank.html",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
NEW YORK, Jan. 24, 2017 /PRNewswire/ -- Philip Stein has teamed up with Track & Field Olympic gold medalist and World Champion, Christian Taylor. Effective immediately, the 26-year-old professional athlete will represent the wellness lifestyle company. Together, Christian and Philip Stein will raise awareness of how Natural Frequency Technology helps wearers improve their focus, quality of sleep, reduce stress levels, enhance performance and experience overall well-being on and off the field.
Christian learned about Philip Stein from another Olympic athlete and first used the Natural Frequency Technology to help manage his post Olympic stress. He has since become deeply passionate about the brand's signature Natural Frequency Technology and has committed to appear at store openings and wear the brand's technology during competitions.
"It really is the only wearable that goes beyond the numbers," said Christian. "Well-being is experienced by each one of us differently, and I find that with Philip Stein, there's no reason to not feel balanced daily."
Whether it is an athlete training and looking for a natural competitive edge, someone dealing with the stress of everyday life or having difficulty sleeping, Philip Stein's Natural Frequency Technology can help you feel the power within.
"I can honestly say that it's changed my life," said Christian. "The Horizon Sport enhances performance while training, while the everyday Active Watch helps me feel less stressed as I go about my day. The nighttime Sleep Bracelet is what truly made me a believer – whether I get 10 hours of sleep or 4, it's the quality of sleep that significantly improves when wearing a Philip Stein. I can't go to bed without it," explained Christian on his experience with the product line.
"We're thrilled for Christian to be a part of the Philip Stein team. He has truly benefited from our Natural Frequency Technology and appreciates how it works," said Will Stein, founder of Philip Stein.
Each Philip Stein piece is the perfect marriage of luxurious design and incredible technology. A clear example that responsible luxury is luxury with a purpose, they are available online and throughout watch and jewelry stores nationwide. For more information, or to find a retailer near you, visit philipstein.com.
Christian Taylor is an American track and field athlete who competes in the triple jump with a personal record of 18.21m, which ranks 2nd on the all-time list. He is the reigning Olympic champion and current World Champion.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-19T02:02:57",
"url": "https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/philip-stein-announces-new-brand-ambassador-300395676.html",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
Opportunity for a qualified ACA or ACCA Accounts and Audit Senior with a general practice background and trained in dealing with the audit and accounts requirements for owner managed businesses.
This role will offer you skills progression to assist with your post qualification experience and provide exposure to a mix of advisory and compliance duties which will help to develop your career. There will also be ad hoc assignments such as preparing business plans and cash flow forecasting as part of a general business advisory service to clients.
The audit work will be a small part of the role and will be a combination of supporting the audit manager but also leading some of the smaller audits and the role will also involve training and assisting with the development of junior members of staff, as well as reviewing some of the juniors' work.
The role offers you the opportunity to be involved areas other than audit and accounting enabling you to get involved advising businesses with their own progression and development. A fantastic opportunity to develop your post qualification skills.
Now you have qualified your career journey is now just beginning.
Leading Audit assignments, taking responsibility for staff supervision and client management.
Involvement with project work to help clients with business development and having the opportunity to get involved with tax planning assignments.
Assisting with “one off” jobs such as cash flow forecasts.
Reviewing the preparation of management accounts and VAT returns.
Supporting the managers in running their portfolios.
Nearly or newly Qualified ACA or ACCA.
Experience in dealing with client queries and liaising with clients in respect of accounting matters.
Knowledge of IRIS and other software useful.
High level of integrity and commitment.
Demonstrates enjoyment in their work.
Supportive and reliable team member.
This Accounts and Audit Senior role is suited to a recently qualified ACA or ACCA with a General Accounting Practice background and looking for their next opportunity to develop their skills as they progress towards a management position and beyond as a part of the firm's succession plan.
This is an excellent opportunity for an ambitious newly qualified Accounts and Audit Senior currently frustrated by a lack of opportunity with their current firm.
Please contact Wavelength if this Accounts / Audit Senior / Business Advisory position is of interest and you have relevant skills, experience and ambition.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-25T06:55:31",
"url": "https://www.accountancyage.com/jobs/job/905168/accounts-audit-senior-business-advisory/?LinkSource=PremiumListing",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
Now that v0.4.0 has been tagged and released today, let's look into why I think this is not only a major milestone for this project, but could also possibly be a game changer in how people use databases with ReactPHP and eventually maybe with PHP in general.
This post aims more for the "why" instead of "what" has changed. If you're upgrading from a previous version of this project, you may want to take a look at the changelog describing all the changes in greater detail. Alright, so let's dive right in.
Originally, this project was maintained by Jin Hu who did an excellent job figuring out all the protocol details and building an API that can be consumed with ReactPHP. All this with just plain PHP, without requiring any custom extensions. Again, thank you!
Around 6 months ago, he handed over this project to @friends-of-reactphp to take over maintenance and to address a number of outstanding feature requests and issues. In the meantime, we've used this as a base to successfully address some of these minor issues and released a number of minor maintenance releases. In the last months, we have prepared some major changes that we are now releasing with the v0.4.0 version.
Code-wise this may seem like a small change. However, it is a small change with a huge impact: Promises are one of the core building blocks of ReactPHP libraries. By allowing you to take advantage of promise chaining, we can significantly simplify integration with the vast ReactPHP ecosystem.
The above example should be simple enough to understand how you can send any SQL statement to your MySQL database, fetch the results and then send a formatted HTTP response back for your incoming HTTP request. This works very well for smaller result sets, even when you have a larger number of concurrent incoming HTTP requests and thus may end up sending a lot of queries to your database.
Now let's assume instead of fetching only a single user from the database, we may want to fetch all users (or any large subset, such as new users or using any other criteria). Having millions of user records in a MySQL database is nothing particularly stressful for your database. However, if we have millions of records in our database, we probably don't want to fetch all these rows and keep them in memory in our script.
Enter streaming: The new version now provides a new queryStream() method which works very similar to the query() method in the previous example. However, instead of buffering the full result set in memory and then resolving the promise, it uses streams to emit data events for each individual row. This allows us to process result sets with thousands or millions of rows, without ever having to store all of this in memory at once.
If you want to learn more about NDJSON, you may want to check out one of the previous blog posts. Similarly, you can also use streaming CSV output or pretty much any other format you prefer.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-24T17:55:12",
"url": "https://www.lueck.tv/2018/introducing-reactphp-mysql",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
This Casino is Closed. It no longer exists. Was a good place too bad it screwed up and closed. VIP Slots Casino is one of the oldest online casinos, having been launched in 1997. VIP Slots Casino is licensed from the jurisdiction of Antigua and Barbuda and therefore players can be assured that the games are fair and that they will get their payments in time.
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|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-22T08:55:15",
"url": "https://www.recentpoker.com/vip-slots-online-casino/",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
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As an exhibiting company at OTC Asia, you can demonstrate your new technologies / services as you network with valued clients and make new business contacts.
Please note that companies who exhibited at OTC Asia 2018 will receive priority when booking exhibit space for OTC Asia 2020. For queries regarding the exhibit space booking process, please contact Nick Chantrell, OTC Asia Senior Sales Manager – Asia at email: nchantrell@otcnet.org or telephone: +603 2182 3145.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-24T04:02:47",
"url": "http://2020.otcasia.org/exhibit-at-event",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
Kitchen — This kitchen, is one of the 13 designs published under the gallery: Simple Kitchen Drawer Organizer. In the next page, we have the kitchen drawer organizer ideas [ ... ]. While in the previous page, we have the ideas kitchen drawer organizer [ ... ].
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-20T10:19:05",
"url": "http://dailyextravaganza.com/simple-kitchen-drawer-organizer/kitchen-drawer-organizer/",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
Renaissance Fireworks has wholesale fireworks available for purchase. Our wholesale warehouse is fully stocked with a wide variety of fireworks available for wholesale purchase. Located in Ohio, our wholesale fireworks warehouse has everything you need to restock your fireworks inventory.
You must be 18 years or older to purchase fireworks.
Case orders are available for wholesale purchase; however, single pieces must be purchased at retail prices.
Wholesale Fireworks CANNOT SHIP or have LIMITED AVAILABILITY to the following states: CA, CT, DE, HI, MD, ME, MA, MN, NJ, NY, OH, OR, RI, WA, and VT. For more information, please contact us.
Renaissance Wholesale Fireworks has a $1,000.00 minimum order for shipping wholesale fireworks.
All shipments are by truck freight. The minimum freight charge for wholesale orders is $125.00.
Once your order has been completed, a sales associate from Renaissance Wholesale Fireworks will contact you regarding product availability, shipping costs, and payment information. You will not be charged until a sales representative contacts you (nor should you send any form of payment until this time).
Renaissance Wholesale Fireworks reserves the right to correct any typographical errors which may have occurred during wholesale order preparation. Wholesale fireworks prices are subject to change without notice.
Online fireworks orders will not be processed June 25th through July 10th.
To request a wholesale fireworks catalog and price sheet from Renaissance Fireworks, please fill out the form below and we will send you more information.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-25T12:01:20",
"url": "https://renaissancefireworks.com/wholesale-fireworks/",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
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|
With a setting a Maui Wedding Photographer dreams about, we joined the stunning Stephanie and Joseph at Baldwin Beach for the moment they've been waiting for. As the soothing notes of the ukulele danced in the wind, our cool Californians came together in a romantic elopement. The favored North shore location was putting on a show with it's golden shore, pastel light, and vivid visual of the restless sea. Stephanie and Joseph couldn't have been any sweeter as they promised forever, we thoroughly enjoyed our time with them. Thank you so much, you two, for letting our team share in the magic of your wedding night. Best wishes for a beautiful life together.
Check out our last Maui wedding with Michelle & Camilo!
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-23T01:57:21",
"url": "http://blog.simplemauiwedding.net/2017/04/dazzling-dancing-duo-stephanie-josephs.html",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
Deepika Padukone and Ranveer Singh got hitched in a grand and intimate ceremony at Lake Como, Italy in the presence of their family members and close friends.
Fans and paparazzi are waiting with bated breath for pictures of Deepika Padukone and Ranveer Singh’s D-day in Italy’s Villa Del Balbianello overlooking Lake Como.
From their clothes to the décor to the food being served, people are awaiting every little detail of the wedding. We managed to gather details about the couple’s wedding outfit.
What do we know about Deepika and Ranveer’s outfit so far? It has been confirmed that the outfits are designed by the star designer Sabyasachi Mukherjee and now more details have emerged.
For the Konkani Wedding day, Deepika Padukone and Ranveer Singh’s will add a South Indian twist to their wedding outfits and we are aware how experimental the couple is with their fashion sense, especially the groom.
As per the tradition, a Konkani bride usually wears a saree draped in traditional Konkan Kashta style in combination of green, red or yellow with gold. Buzz is that our Konkani bride, Deepika will be seen in a similar traditional style Saree but with a twist. Unlike other Konkani brides, Deepika will adorn a white and gold combination Saree draped in Kashta style.
Breaking from the red bridal wear tradition, Deepika can ooze grace and look radiant in a white saree for sure.
On the other hand, Ranveer Singh will adorn a sherwani and this is not the regular wedding kinds but a Kanjeevaram Sherwani.
Wondering how we know the wedding outfits are being designed by Sabyasachi? It is because white Sabyasachi bags were spotted in their luggage on Mumbai airport while the couple was leaving for Italy.
For the Naandi puja, Deepika opted for an orange suit by Sabyasachi. Even earlier, Deepika said in a Vogue BFFs interview that she would like her bridal trousseau to be designed by Sabyasachi.
A Filmfare magazine article also revealed that Deepika's side of the family will don Sayasachi designer outfits. According to reports, the couple has chosen a colour theme for their wedding ceremony. Waiters and staff at the wedding will also wear uniforms according to the theme.
The groom’s stylist, Nitasha Gaurav has also flown to Italy. On November 10, Nitasha teased the pre-wedding rituals on Twitter.
Deepika Padukone and Ranveer Singh got officially hitched in a grand and intimate ceremony at Lake Como, Italy in the presence of their family members and close friends. The couple tied the knot in a traditional Konkani ceremony, which reportedly took place early in the morning at 7am.
An Anand Karaj ceremony, held in the Sikh tradition, will be held on Thursday. The two actors, who have worked in films like Bajirao Mastani and Padmaavat, were engaged on Tuesday morning.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-26T09:46:32",
"url": "https://www.news18.com/news/lifestyle/deepika-padukone-ranveer-singh-wedding-ditching-the-usual-heres-what-the-couple-wore-for-the-konkani-rituals-1939145.html",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
The 2018 Germany: Manufacture of Other Articles of Paper/Paperboard-Industry Forecast report (ISIC 1729) analyzes the industry size, competitors, projected industry growth/decline, financial ratios and regional data for the period 2010 through 2019. This industry includes manufacture of household and personal hygiene paper and cellulose wadding products, cleansing tissues, handkerchiefs, towels, serviettes, toilet paper and sanitary towels and tampons, napkins and napkin liners for babies.
Perry/Hope Partners' reports provide the most accurate industry forecasts based on our proprietary economic models. Our forecasts project the number of enterprises, establishments, turnover and employment for 2018 and 2019 using regression analysis in our modeling. Perry/Hope is the only market research publisher that utilizes both longitudinal (historical) and vertical (from industry section to industry division to industry class) analysis, since we study every industry in the countries we analyze.
The report features our exclusive national trends overview chapter (with forecasts on the country's GDP and economic performance). The second section provides estimates on the national size of the industry (turnover, enterprises, establishments, wages/salaries and employment) broken down by employee size of establishments, as well as financial ratios (value added, production value, gross operating surplus, turnover per employee). The turnover estimates are translated into a number of exchange rates (Euros, U.S. Dollars, U.K. Pounds, Canadian Dollars, Japanese Yen, and Chinese Yuan). Investment data (tangible goods, buildings, structures, equipment and machinery) are also included. The third section features the top industry players (up to twenty, if available). Data on each company includes headquarters location, estimated company sales, estimated number of employees, website URL, and stock symbol (for public companies). The final section features regional area estimates on 2018 turnover, establishments and employment for every NUTS3 defined region and broken down by employee size of establishment.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-23T00:02:21",
"url": "https://www.marketresearch.com/PerryHope-Partners-v4032/Germany-Manufacture-Articles-Paper-Paperboard-11411630/",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
The HS3 Construction team is skilled with a large variety of materials and is licensed to install them. We have experience with all types of kitchen remodels in all budget ranges, whether you want to add on, subtract from, or just renovate your kitchen, we can help.
We understand that your kitchen is the heart of your home, and that living without a fully functioning kitchen during a remodel can be a challenge. That is why we aim to make your kitchen’s transition as pleasant as possible for you and your family. Give us a call today and let us help make your dreams of cooking, entertaining and gathering with your family and friends in your newly renovated kitchen a reality!
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-25T19:03:32",
"url": "https://hs3az.com/custom-kitchen-remodeling-services/",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
· Compatible with all FDM printers on the market that accept 1.75mm filaments including Prusa i3, Monoprice MakerSelect, X Creality and other RepRap printers.
· With the right settings, the TPU is easy to print thanks to its excellent adhesion to the plate and the tendency of the filament to not deform.
· Works best with direct drive extruders. Please print slowly and read the tips if you have a Bowden printer.
· Description: SainSmart TPU filament is known for its high strength and flexibility. - With the freedom of design of 3D printing, SainSmart filament is the key to bringing your project, whether it´s a weekend hobby or prototyping for a Fortune 500 company, from sketchpad to reality. - Each SainSmart TPU filament spool comes with 0.8 kg of material. - This filament stretches to a diameter of 1.75 mm with a dimensional accuracy of + / - 0.05 mm, making it the perfect choice for most printers on the market. - Specifications: Diameter: 1.75 mm Material: Flexible TPU Net Weight: 0.8 kg Shore Hardness: 95 A. Recommended printer settings. Printing nozzle: 0.4 - 0.8 mm. Extruder temperature: 195 - 230° C. Printing plate temperature: 40 - 60° C. Cooling fan: On Printing tips for Bowden Drive printers. Print more slowly: 15 - 30 m/s. First layer setting: 100% height. 150% width, 50% speed Turn off retraction: You must reduce exudate and stringing Cooling fan: After first layer Increase Multiplier: 1.1, you should increase the joint Do not overextrude the filament during loading. As soon as the filament starts to protrude from the nozzle, stop it. Faster loading will cause the filament to get stuck in the extruder gear. - Pass the filament directly to the extruder, and not through the feed pipe. This reduces the rear strain on the filament as well as the resistance, ensuring proper feeding. - Package Content: 1 x SainSmart 1.75mm 0.8kg flexible TPU filament vacuum sealed with desiccant.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-18T16:22:15",
"url": "https://www.wikdrone.com/drone/sainsmart-1-75a-mm-flexible-de-tpu-impresoras-3d-bobina-de-filamentoa-a-800a-g/reviews_13546",
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High-intensity interval coaching is delineated as AN exercise session composed entirely of HIIT techniques, or as a part of AN exercise arrange.
WHEN IT involves workouts for leaning out, longer isn’t forever higher. What’s additional necessary to obtaining those fat-torching benefits: Intensity. By using a HIIT theme and victimisation multijoint exercises, you’ll not solely burn calories throughout the sweat except for several hours once, as those hard-worked muscles still crave energy to revive equilibrium.
Our skilled explains what sets these 2 fitness trends apart.
For the compound strength moves, use a load that you just will safely management for the one-minute length. And don’t save on those rest intervals—they guarantee your body is prepared for subsequent spherical of weight-training intensity.
HIIT exercise sessions usually include a heat up amount, then many repetitions of high-intensity exercise separated by medium intensity exercise for recovery, then a quiet down amount. The high-intensity exercise ought to be done at close to most intensity. The medium exercise ought to be concerning five hundredth intensity. the quantity of repetitions and length of every depends on the exercise, however, could also be as very little as 3 repetitions with simply twenty seconds of intense exercise the precise exercises performed throughout the high-intensity parts vary. Most of the analysis on HIIT has been done employing a sport measuring system, however alternative exercises like running, support ascent and uphill walking may also be effective.
There is no specific formula to High-intensity interval. betting on one’s level of vessel development, the moderate-level intensity is as slow as walking. a typical formula involves a 2:1 magnitude relation of labor to recovery periods, as an example, 30–40 seconds of onerous sprinting alternated with 15–20 seconds of cardiopulmonary exercise or walking, perennial to failure.
The entire HIIT session might last between four and thirty minutes, which means that it’s thought of to be superb thanks to maximizing an effort that’s restricted on time. Use of a clock or timer is suggested to stay correct times, the quantity of rounds, and intensity.
A type of high-intensity interval coaching with short recovery periods was employed in the Nineteen Seventies by the athletics coach Peter Coe once setting sessions for his son Sebastian Coe. galvanized by the principles propounded by the German coach and university academician Woldemar Gerschler and also the Swedish life scientist Per-Olof Åstrand, Coe set sessions involving perennial quick two hundred meter runs with solely thirty seconds recovery between every quick run.
A version of HIIT has supported a 1996 study by academician Izumi Tabata (田畑泉) et al. at the start involving Olympic speedskaters. The study used twenty seconds of ultra-intense exercise (at AN intensity of concerning a hundred and seventieth of VO2max) followed by ten seconds of rest, perennial endlessly for four minutes (8 cycles). The exercise was performed on an automatically braked cycle measuring system. Tabata referred to as this the IE1 protocol. within the original study, athletes mistreatment this technique trained four times per week, and another day of steady-state coaching, and obtained gains almost like a gaggle of athletes World Health Organization did steady state coaching (70% VO2max) five times per week. The steady state cluster had a better VO2max at the top (from fifty-two to fifty-seven mL/(kg•min)), however the Tabata cluster had started lower and gained a lot of overalls (from forty-eight to fifty five mL/(kg•min)). Also, solely the Tabata cluster had gained anaerobic capability advantages. it’s vital to notice that within the original study from 1996, participants were disqualified if they may not keep a gradual sport pace of 85RPM for the total twenty seconds of labor.
In well-liked culture, “Tabata training” has currently return to see a good type of High-intensity intervalprotocols and exercise regimens which will or might not have similar advantages to those found in Tabata’s original study.
Professor Martin Gibala and his team at John Bach McMaster University in North American nation are researching high-intensity exercise for many years. Their 2010 study on students uses three minutes for warming up, then sixty seconds of intense exercise (at ninety fifth of VO2max) followed by seventy five seconds of rest, perennial for 8–12 cycles (sometimes mentioned as “The very little Method”). Subjects mistreatment this technique coaching three times per week obtained gains almost like what would be expected from subjects World Health Organization did steady state (50–70% VO2max) coaching 5 times per week. whereas still a difficult style of coaching, this exercise protocol might be employed by the overall public with nothing over a median exercise device.
Gibala’s cluster printed a less intense version of their program in a very 2011 paper in medication & Science in Sports & Exercise. This was supposed as a gentler choice for inactive those who had done no exercise for over a year. It enclosed three minutes of tune-up, ten repetitions of sixty-second bursts at hour peak power (80–95% of rate reserve) every followed by 60 seconds of recovery, so a 5-minute cool-down.
Jorge Zuniga, professor of exercise science at Creighton University, embarked on to see the way to work the best volume of labor and chemical element consumption into the littlest quantity of your time. He found that intervals of thirty seconds at ninetieth of most power output followed by thirty seconds of rest allowed for the best VO2 consumption and also the longest effort length at specific intensity. various protocols thought of enclosed 100 percent of most power output on identical interval schedule, almost like the Coe program, and ninetieth of most power output for 3 minutes, almost like ancient interval coaching.
Zuniga’s protocol has been enforced to nice success by his students collaborating in Creighton’s Army ROTC program. Cadets finishing the protocol doubly per week saw bigger enhancements in APFT scores than in years past.
Dr Niels Vollaard at the University of Stirling planned that once high-intensity intervals square measure done at ‘all-out’ intensities, associated health advantages tableland once playing a pair of or three sprint repetitions. This semiconductor diode to the event of a 10-minute exercise routine consisting of simple pedaling interspersed with 2 20-second ‘all-out’ sport sprints. in a very 2017 meta-analysis, Vollaard so showed that common protocols with as several as half-dozen to ten repetitions of 30-second ‘all-out’ sprints don’t improve aerobic fitness over the ‘2×20-s’ protocol. it’s claimed that this short protocol might take away several of the drawbacks that build alternative high-intensity interval coaching protocols unsuitable for the overall population.
In a BBC Horizon programme in Feb 2012, Jamie Timmons, academician of systems biology at the University of Loughborough, place archangel Mosley through this exercise device program, however with 3 sprints rather than 2. This was done 3 times per week for a complete of a half-hour of exercise per week (3 minutes of intense exercise), and tune-up and recovery time.
Wood et al. compared High-intensity interval coaching of eight 1-minute bouts at eighty-fifth Wmax interspersed with a 1-minute active recovery at twenty-fifth Wmax v Sprint interval coaching of eight 30-second bouts at one hundred and thirtieth Wmax interspersed with 90-second active recovery at twenty-fifth Wmax. (Total time matched at twenty four minutes together with heat up & cool down). Their conclusion was ” High-intensity interval is that the suggested routine” however “the magnitude of variations in numerous parameters between regimens was small; so, preference for either modality could also be up to the individual”.
A 2015 systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials found that High-intensity interval coaching and ancient endurance coaching each result in considerably improved vessel fitness in healthy adults ages 18–45 however bigger enhancements in VO2 easy lay were seen in those collaborating within the HIIT exercise program. Another analysis conjointly found that HIIT regimens of 1 month or longer effectively improve vessel fitness in adolescents and result in moderate enhancements in body composition. moreover, a separate systematic review and meta-analysis of seven tiny randomised controlled trials found that HIIT (defined as four intervals of 4 minutes at 85–95% of easy lay rate with three-minute intervals at 60–70% of easy lay heart rate) was more practical than moderate-intensity continuous coaching at rising vessel perform and markers of vessel health.
A 2015 meta-analysis comparison HIIT to moderate intensity continuous coaching (MICT) in folks with arteria sickness found that High-intensity interval ends up in bigger enhancements in VO2 easy lay however that MICT ends up in bigger reductions in weight and rate. A 2014 meta-analysis found that the metabolic process fitness, as measured by VO2 easy lay, of people with lifestyle-induced chronic vessel or metabolic diseases (including high pressure level, obesity, failure, arteria sickness, or metabolic syndrome) World Health Organization completed a HIIT exercise program was nearly double that of people World Health Organization completed a MICT exercise program.
HIIT considerably lowers hormone resistance compared to continuous coaching or management conditions and ends up in with modesty attenuated fast glucose levels and magnified weight loss compared to those that don’t bear a physical activity intervention. Another study found that HIIT was more practical than moderate-intensity continuous coaching at fast hormone levels (31% decrease and September 11 decrease, respectively).
A 2007 study examined High-intensity interval’s physiological effects on fat reaction in moderately active ladies. The participants within the study performed HIIT (defined as 10 sets of 4-minute sport bursts at AN intensity of ninetieth VO2max separated by a pair of minutes of rest) each alternative day over a 2-week amount. The study found that seven sessions of HIIT over a 2-week amount improved whole body fat reaction and also the capability for musculus to oxidize fat in moderately active ladies. A 2010 systematic review of HIIT summarized the results of High-intensity interval on fat loss and explicit that HIIT may result in modest reductions of hypodermic fat in young and healthy people, however bigger reductions for overweight people.
A 2017 study examined the impact of HIIT on psychological feature performance among a gaggle of youngsters (N=318) . The authors show that HIIT is useful to psychological feature management and dealing memory capability which this impact is mediate by the BDNF polymorphism. They conclude that the study “suggests a promising various to boost psychological feature, via short and potent exercise regimens.
|
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"timestamp": "2019-04-26T13:55:20",
"url": "https://www.netbloghost.com/best-hitt-training-to-lose-body-fat-fast-high-intensity-interval",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
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This comprehensive and powerful anti-aging eye repair elixir combines two precious "peptides"- Dipeptide-2 and Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-3(7). Sweet Almond oil is added for extra moisture. It is the best oil for eye care product since it is non-greasy and fast-absorbing. Vitamin K, Green tea, Vitamin E and Cucumber extract are added to help with eye bags, wrinkles, dark circles and crow's feet. Stainless steel roll-on ball is great for fatigue eyes and can stimulate circulations. These refreshing ingredients are effective for the delicate skin around the eyes. With a non-greasy and light texture, our eye repair elixir is quick to absorb. Great to use by itself or combine with Savon Mama's Detox Eye Cream for maximum benefits. Experience a gentle message by applying the roll-on ball around the eyes. Skin will be soft and moisturized after use.
Palmarosa and Texas Cedarwood essential oil are added to reduce fatigue and promote the metabolism of skin cells; increasing blood circulation and moisture.
Usage: In the morning and evening, roll the stainless steel ball along the outer corners of eye, pat gently upward towards the corners of eye and let it seep in. Give special attention to areas of puffiness or darkness. It is light enough to use on eyelids too!
強效而全面性抗衰老的眼部修護產品。配合兩種珍貴抗老Peptide "胜肽", 甜杏油, 維生素K, 綠茶和青瓜卒取物，這些都是針對眼部皮膚的有效材料, 使用一週黑眼圈和眼袋明顯淡化。綠茶天然含咖啡因, 能退黑和收緊, 質地細緻不油膩, 且具實時收緊及提升肌膚紋理功效。配合不鏽鋼滾動球, 輕輕按摩眼部皮膚, 有效舒緩疲勞和速進血液循環. 用後肌膚感到極其柔軟，濕潤及回覆光澤。還配了玫瑰草和雪松木精油, 能消除疲勞、鎮靜情緒、促進皮膚細胞快速代謝作用、增加血液循環作用和保濕.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-24T14:46:35",
"url": "https://www.savonmama.hk/products/peptide-roll-on-elixir",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
The illuminated table stand is compatible with the Reichert Goldberg series precision refractometers. These are the Reichert TS Meter, Reichert Brix, and Reichert Salinity refractometers. This stand allows the technician to securely attach their refractometer into a stable and durable table top stand, thus converting their hand held refractometer into a benchtop configuration. This is very useful for applications that require high volume throughput measurements.
Also, this is beneficial in applications such as measuring Urine Specific Gravity and Plasma Protein concentrations, where the technician desires additional safety measures when handling these fluids. The refractometer is mounted on a pivoting arm that allows the technician to adjust the refractometer position at the light source to obtain the best image illumination. This aids in reading the shadowline intersect to the measurement scale.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-20T12:11:10",
"url": "https://www.reichertai.com/products/refractometer-accessories/illuminated-stand-220v-with-eu-cord/?back=Products",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
Organic Cotton and Bamboo Muslin Swaddle Blankets. Organic Luxe Blankets. Ethically Made Children's clothing. Canadian based Company.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-26T04:58:41",
"url": "https://www.flamingobabyco.com/pages/frontpage",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
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|
Around 200 people took part in a demonstration in Guadalajara on Wednesday to mark the 45th anniversary of the infamous Tlatelolco massacre in Mexico City.
The demonstrators marched along Avenida Alcalde shouting “never forget or forgive,” while others in Zapopan defiled a statue of former President Gustavo Diaz Ordaz, daubing the bust with red paint to symbolize the blood of the hundreds or even thousands of leftist student protestors gunned down by Mexican soldiers on October 2, 1968.
After a summer of rising tensions, Ordaz ordered troops to quash a huge student protest in the Plaza de las Tres Culturas, just days before Mexico City was due to host the 1968 Olympic Games. The Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) government then covered up the incident and the full extent of the atrocity has only come to light in the 45 years that have passed.
Yesterday I came across this brief but moving documentary about the massacre. It’s in Spanish but with English subtitles. Well worth watching.
Reblogged this on The Santa Ana Sentinel.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-20T18:55:23",
"url": "https://thetequilafiles.com/2013/10/03/students-mark-45th-anniversary-of-tlatelolco-massacre/",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
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Enjoyable Inspiration Ideas Cast Iron Wall Decor has many pictures and they will inspire you about wall. We also provide many ideas for you in here, just browse our wall collection by using search feature that located on top of this Enjoyable Inspiration Ideas Cast Iron Wall Decor post or go to related post section that we choose for you.
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-24T06:05:26",
"url": "http://clubmatrix.info/enjoyable-inspiration-ideas-cast-iron-wall-decor/",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
Why Hellraid Looks Like My Dream Game.
Where Is The Early Access?
Where Can I Find More Information About Multiplayer?
Where Are The Pc Gamer Fans ?
What Can Hellraid Learn From The Nemesis System From "shadow Of Mordor"
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-19T07:19:57",
"url": "https://forum.techland.pl/forum/19-general-discussions/?sortby=title&sortdirection=asc&page=1",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
2016 – 2017 Season brochure!
The new brochure for the 2016 – 2017 season is out now including details of all three tour options in the one publication!
Contact us now for your copy.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-23T02:46:22",
"url": "https://www.uniqueholidaytours.co.nz/2016-2017-season-brochure/",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
Due to lack of interest, the Second-years' outing to Pure Skills has been cancelled.
The bus for the First-years' outing to City Limits needs to leave at 7pm sharp - if going, please be ready to board the bus at 6:45 outside the Temperance Hall. We will be back from the outing at about 9:30 as City Limits now close at 9pm.
There will be no club for first- and second-years on Friday 26th - the Third-years have some activities organized and need to clubhouse and gym for the night.
Club will be open on Friday May 3rd (Friday before the May Day bank holiday) - Don't forget your forms for the Disco!
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-20T06:50:33",
"url": "http://www.foroigeloughrea.org/news/april26th-outingsupdate",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
|
words are a monkey rope between author and reader.
Melville inserts the hook, slides across surfaces of reality, genre, story, truth.
Words made flesh, bone, water.
and tumble into a horizon more than a thousand miles from any sea.
we know the magnetic pull of the setting sun.
Here, the western sky spills its pink, orange, plum on solid ground.
Fire-worshippers, too, we have seen its miracle.
We see it again, in a windowless room.
Kristin Van Tassel, Ph.D. teaches writing and American literature at Bethany College in Lindsborg, Kansas. Her poetry has appeared in Mamazine and Relief, and her essays have appeared in Alternet, Counterpunch, Transitions Abroad, and World Hum.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-22T23:10:56",
"url": "https://aboutplacejournal.org/issues/a-river-runs-through-us/contents/kristin-van-tassel/",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
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The following notes were compiled by the late H.L.Douch who was the Curator of the Royal Instituition of Truro (Truro Museum) and sent to Graham Rideout who was the Landlord of the Ship Inn Pentewan in the 1980’s.
In June 1749 a sale was held at the sign of the ‘Ship Inn’ Pentewan and in May 1774 another sale at the house of John Sims in Pentewan. John Sims probably kept this older Ship Inn. The first notice of the Ship Inn where it is today is in the West Briton newspaper of January 29th 1836 when a son of the landlord, Thomas Varcoe died. In July of the same year the house was advertised as to let by tender described as ‘That excellent public house known by the name of the Ship Inn situated at Pentewan and now in the occupation of Mr. T.Varcoe the Proprietor. The house is newly built and contains eleven rooms besides brew house and all other requisite appurtenances’.
It is thought that most pubs on the south coast of Cornwall called the Ship Inn would have been originally named after a local ship which had a special significance to people in the locality. As time went on knowledge of which ship it may have been would have been forgotten so the public house just became the ‘Ship Inn’.
Thomas Varcoe was still at the Ship Inn in September 1839 when his wife died. At some point between then and 1856 the landlord changed, the new one was Timothy Sarah. In November 1861 he was fined £50 with £5 costs for brewing without making a prior entry on the excise form and for having above his door – without the appropriate licence – the words ‘to sell tobacco’.
In December 1865 Timothy Sarah was found dead in bed. The entry for this in the local paper refers to him as; ‘for many years of the ‘Hawkins Arms’ Pentewan’. He must have been landlord in the Hawkins Arms before moving to the Ship Inn. Another entry in the same newspaper records that; ‘Timothy Sarah of the Ship Inn Pentewan who supplied horses for the working of the tram-railway to the dock at Pentewan was found dead in his bed on Sunday’. The inquest stated, his death was by natural causes. He was 66 years old. He was succeeded as landlord by Captain John Kellow. Probably the same John Kellow who had been a Master Mariner. At some point between 1873 and 1892 Kellow was followed by John Hocking who died in 1892.
James Geach the next landlord applied for a seven day licence in 1895 but was turned down on a technicality. In 1898 he was fined for keeping late hours. An article in the West Briton newspaper of 3rd August 1903 records; ‘There are those living who remember when it took three public houses to keep going the licence trade at Pentewan, the Jolly Sailor, the Hawkins Arms and the Ship Inn. Fortunately the first two have been turned to better purpose’.
By 1911 the landlordship of the Ship Inn had changed again. In March of that year it was reported in the local newspaper that Mr. C Weaver of the Ship Inn Pentewan was coming down East Hill St Austell in his pony and trap. The horse bolted and a passenger, a boy named Ernest Dungey, jumped out unhurt near the White Hart. The pony then turned down Duke Street breaking several panes of glass. Mr Weaver was unhurt and the pony was only slightly cut.
The lower end of the lounge bar of the Ship Inn was formerly a cottage which was next door and was taken over to make the pub a larger building.
The pub known as the Hawkins Arms which was where The Cove shop and café’are today, (2012), in 1837 the landlord was Joseph Phillips and in 1839 William Davies.
The pub the Jolly Sailor was situated in the square, where today the building houses two separate flats. This pub was destroyed by fire around 1878. In 1856 when the landlord was William Marshall the pub was advertised to let. A Mr Hennah was the next mine host and the licence was transferred from him to John Hocking in 1869. The licence was not renewed at the 1878 Brewsters Sessions.
Courtesy of Robert Evans local historian.
|
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"timestamp": "2019-04-23T17:50:43",
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Fringe newcomer Antosh Wojcik, whose one-man show at Summerhall explores dementia through spoken word and live drumming, is teaming up with Vintage Vibes, a charitable partnership that tackles isolation and loneliness among over-60s in Edinburgh.
In How to Keep Time: A Drum Solo for Dementia, Reading-born Antosh, 26, tells the moving story of his Polish grandfather’s struggle against vascular dementia and the effect it had on the people around him. “I want to de-stigmatise dementia and give it a human voice,” he says. “I want to unlock some critical questions about memory and language. What happens when memories disappear? Where do they go and can we get them back? Can I use my drums to communicate with my grandfather?” How to Keep Time is at Summerhall from 1st to 26th August at 10.15am and has been selected as a ‘top pick’ of the Fringe by The Sunday Post.
* Excludes 13 & 20 August; previews 1-2 August.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-21T20:23:18",
"url": "http://www.pennedinthemargins.co.uk/index.php/2018/07/edinburgh-fringe-performer-partners-with-local-charitable-project-to-raise-awareness-of-dementia/",
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New Delhi, July 12 (IANS) The CBI has arrested a Bureau of Civil Aviation Security (BCAS) official and the Chairman and Managing Director of aviation firm Air One Aviation Pvt Ltd in connection with its ongoing probe into a money laundering case against senior journalist Upendra Rai, the agency said on Thursday.
Rahul Rathore, the BCAS official, and Alok Sharma, CMD of Air One aviation, were arrested after the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) officials found their involvement in the commission of crime committed by Rai, currently lodged in Delhi’s Tihar Jail under judicial custody.
A CBI official said that the two arrested persons were earlier questioned by the investigators.
Owner of Printlines Media Group and formerly employed with Tehelka, Rai was arrested by the CBI on May 3 for dubious transactions of over Rs 100 crore in his bank accounts during 2017-18 and for using false information to obtain access to sensitive areas through Aerodrome Entry Pass (AEP) for all airports in the country.
In its case filed on May 1, the CBI named Rai, Air One Aviation Pvt Ltd, its Chief Security Officer Prasun Roy, some unidentified public servants of BCAS and others.
On May 5, the CBI filed the second FIR against Rai alleging that he took money from a Mumbai-based real estate company to settle an issue with income tax and adverse media reporting.
Rai is also accused of using false information to obtain a pass to access sensitive areas in airports across the country and is alleged to have committed the offence in connivance with the officials of aviation company Air One Aviation Pvt Ltd and some public servants of BCAS.
In its investigation, the CBI has found that in 2017, Rai’s bank accounts show credit of Rs 79 crore with several transactions of over Rs 1 lakh each while in the same period the accounts reflect debit amount of Rs 78.51 crore.
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Includes training education and analysis.
Incorporates lactate testing to allow for training analysis and performance improvements.
Allows you to compare and measure performance improvement.
|
{
"timestamp": "2019-04-21T05:05:46",
"url": "http://www.activfit.com.au/BikeTrainingandCoaching/TheDisplayScreen.aspx",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-25T12:26:12",
"url": "https://www.primeglobal.net/firms/asad-abbas-co",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
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{
"timestamp": "2019-04-23T10:09:41",
"url": "https://resolutesystems.com/adr-case-coordination/",
"language": "en",
"source": "c4"
}
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