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#AAN2018 — NurOwn’s Beneficial Effect in ALS Sustained by miRNA Regulation, Study Suggests
by Alice Melão
NurOwn, a cell therapy being developed by Brainstorm Cell Therapeutics, is able to maintain its therapeutic effects by significantly regulating the levels of a type of small RNA molecule linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a study suggests.
According to data from a Phase 2 trial, the investigative therapy can sustain immunomodulatory and protective effects by regulating miRNA levels in the cerebral spinal fluid of ALS patients.
These findings are going to be presented by the company at the 2018 Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Neurology April 21-27 in Los Angeles. The presentation, “Modulation of CFS miRNAs in ALS Phase 2 Study Participants Treated with MSC-NTFCells (Nurown),” will be made during the Advances in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis session. It was recently published in the journal Neurology.
NurOwn is an autologous stem cell therapy that takes a patient’s own mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to promote nerve cell-supporting mechanisms for transplant back into the patient.
These stem cells can produce signaling molecules that regulate the activity of surrounding cells. But they can also secrete neurotrophic factors (NTF) that support the growth, survival, and differentiation of nerve cells. These features support the hypothesis that MSCs could be potential regulators of neurodegeneration, while protecting neurons from damage.
The Phase 2 trial (NCT02017912) evaluated the safety and effectiveness of NurOwn in 48 patients with early-stage ALS. Results showed that the treatment could significantly slow functional decline compared with placebo, most notably in patients who showed faster decline during the screening period.
More recently, researchers investigated the potential of NurOwn to regulate cellular responses in these trial participants by evaluating microRNA levels in samples of their cerebral spinal fluid.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate a wide variety of cellular processes, but they can also be used to detect deregulated mechanisms. Several miRNAs have been linked to ALS and proposed as biomarkers of disease development and progression.
Researchers found that patients who were treated with NurOwn had increased levels of miR-34a, miR-132, miR-19, miR-376a, and miR-146a-5p molecules — which are highly expressed in NurOwn cells. This effect was found to be sustained for up to two weeks after treatment. Patients who did not respond to treatment were found to have lower levels of miR-34a, miR-376a, and miR-132 at the beginning of the study, compared with patients who did respond.
These results suggest that NurOwn cells hold “continued secretory activity” that is “associated with immunomodulatory and neuroprotective effects” via regulation of miRNAs, the researchers wrote.
NurOwn is currently being evaluated in a randomized, multicenter Phase 3 trial (NCT03280056) in the U.S. and Canada that is enrolling now. The study is recruiting up to 200 patients, each being given three treatment or placebo doses.
“We are committed to continuing to understand the value that NurOwn brings to ALS through innovative clinical and scientific evaluation, and to advance the Phase 3 pivotal study to bring a meaningful solution to ALS patients,” Chaim Lebovits, CEO of BrainStorm, said in a press release.
Tagged #AAN2018, BrainStorm Cell Therapeutics, clinical trials, immunomodulatory, miRNAs, neuroprotective, NurOwn, Phase 2 trial.
Previous: Tailored Home Exercises May Improve Daily Living of Early-stage ALS Patients, Small Study Suggests
Next:How I Use ‘Showing Up’ to Help Me Live with ALS
William Boyle says:
It’s a shame that Brainstorm is not being made available to people with ALS over age 60. The phase 1 & 2 studies were open to age 75. If you’re serious about finding a cure, open up the study or consider expanded access. I’m just 61 and am locked out.
Mark Berardi says:
The FDA needs to expedite the approval of NurOwn for all pALS regardless of age. Please contact your representatives in Congress and ask them what they’re doing about expediting the ONLY treatment that is in a Phase 3 FDA clinical trial. Also, tell them you want Right To Try Legislation passed. It’s legal in 37 States, but needs Federal backing. Two Right To Try Bills are currently sitting in Congress (S.204 in the HOR & H.R. 5247 in the Senate) while people are dying from this awful disease. ALS was identified in 1869, and in 149 years, and after $115M raised in the Ice Bucket Challenge, there are only 2 FDA approved drugs, neither of which are sufficiently viable treatment options or cures for this disease. It’s simply cruel to deny us access to something that may actually help us fight against what is truly one of the worst diseases known to mankind.
What about the Caribbean???
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Book Review: ISRO: A Personal History
Title: ISRO: A Personal History
Author: R. Aravamudan with Gita Aravamudan
A delightful personal account of India’s space program from the very beginning. With personal memories from an era that otherwise would be lost. This is an important historical record of events that will in a few years be lost entirely in living memory. It is a non-technical account written by an engineer. The co-author Gita Aravamudan’s, experience in journalism is no doubt a key factor in the succinct and easy to read the narrative style.
As expected it is the personal anecdotes that really make this a fascinating reading. The reference to “chase a chimaera” wonderfully captures the extraordinary goal Sarabhai had set for India of 1962. Aravamudan’s personal accounts of meetings and working with Sarabhai, Bhabha and Kalam. While at NASA Wallops, his meeting the engineers from Pakistan captures a unique moment when the two neighbours’ space programs were at a stage of capability.
Visits by the Dalia Lama, J.R.D Tata, confrontation with local fishermen and union disputes paint a richer picture of Thumba than I had not come across before. The first-hand account of travelling to Australia to purchase a fully functioning telemetry station has surprising twists and turns. The public display of a moon rock at Sriharikota caught the imagination of the local population who turned up in unexpectedly large numbers to view it.
During his time as a director at Sriharikota, he describes the administrative burden of managing the town-like scale of the centre. As the director, he was responsible for the operations of a school, hospital, shopping centre, mosque and a temple in addition to managing the space missions. The authors remain apolitical and consistent with similar books by former ISRO employees. Naturally, the author is proud of his contribution and occasionally exaggerating ISRO’s achievement (i.e. ISRO being the first agency withMars Orbiter Mission to succeed with orbiting Mars on the first attempt). I would have liked to have seen more about the exchanges between the Indian and Pakistani engineers when the met at Wallops.
Historians of the future will be indebted to Aravamudan and his wife for chronicling a unique episode in India’s journey as a space power.
Book Review : Space India 2.0
Title: Space India 2.0
Publisher: Observer Research Foundation
Author: Edited by Rajeswari Pillai Rajagopalan and Narayan Prasad
Free download from http://www.orfonline.org/research/space-india-2-0-commerce-policy-security-and-governance-perspectives/
If you are looking for a single source of current state of play with the Indian space programme from a diverse collection of writers from in and outside India – this is it.
This book is a collection of 26 chapters written by authors with expertise and first-hand experience covering a broad range of topics. The book is divided into to five themes on Space Commerce, Policy, Security, International collaboration and concludes with Sustainability & Governance. The authors include former ISRO director, academics, scientists, researchers, legal experts and some from the growing community of space start-ups.
Authors come from USA, Australia, Japan, France and Russia give a unique international perspective on the policy and evolution of the space activities in India. Each chapter is written as a standalone piece and whilst there is some repetition the varied writing styles is quite refreshing. Between them the contributors discuss the increasing commercialisation of ISRO’s operations, the growth of space start-ups, India’s new ground-based assets to aid space debris monitoring, opportunities for India-Australia collaboration, the remarkable growth of internet users in India and increasing reliance on digital services for the benefits of all of India’s 1.2 billion population.
The space security section deals with some of the most fraught and testing topics that rely on space assets. In his chapter, Ajey Lile describes India’s conventional military assets with a surprising degree of quantitative data. For example, the Indian army has 1,300,000 active personnel, 6,464 tanks and 290 self-propelled guns. This level of detail a decade ago would probably have been seen as a security breach. As a retired wing commander, Lile is likely to have the authoritative sources for this data and clearance to put this information in the public domain. Lile highlights a mismatch between India’s space strategy, its current space assets and the political indecision on how space should be used for national defence. Similarly, in her paper, Rajeswari Pillai Rajagopalan addresses the changing geopolitical landscape around the potential military use of space. She points to the absence of political and financial commitment from the Indian government which does not bode well for India’s national security in the long-term.
Kumar Abhijeet emphasises India’s need for domestic space legislation to support not only the emerging private space sector but India’s obligation to international treaties such as the Outer Space treaty. In the 1960s there were just two countries with space programs, now there are around 60. International collaboration will be key to ensuring that space around the Earth used by communication, navigation and meteorological satellites is kept free of hostile activities that have marred human history on Earth. In its own way, this compilation from international authors is an example of the collaboration essential for humanity’s eventual use and exploration of space.
This book is an interesting up to date resource with an international perspective. If you want to know all about the Indian space program, this book along with the following four will offer a pretty good wholesome picture
ISRO: A Personal History by R. Aravamudan
From Fishing Hamlet to Red Planet: India’s Space Journey. Ed. P.V. Manoranjan Rao
Reach for the Stars: The Evolution of India’s Rocket Programme. By Gopal Raj (an incredibly rich source of information about ISRO and a book with a much lower profile than it deserves)
Touching Lives: The Little Known Triumphs Of The Indian Space Programme. By S.K. Das
The best part was a bunch of new writers that I had not come across before. I expect to read more of their work in the future. I will conclude with my usual whing regarding the absence of a back-of-the-book index and a few typos that should have been picked up during proofreading.
Book Review: ISRO’s Earth Observation Cameras
India’s Journey Towards Excellence In Building Earth Observation Cameras
Title: India’s Journey Towards Excellence In Building Earth Observation Cameras
Publisher: Notionpress.com
Author: Dr George Joseph
As a late joiner to the space club, India’s space program was in “catch-up” mode for most of its early history. Never the less, original technological innovation did take place. In this book, Dr George Joseph describes how the electro-optical sensors used on-board India’s Earth Observation satellites were designed, built and deployed. He knows because he was at the forefront leading this work during the 1970s and 1980s.
As with any account written by the those who are intimately involved, Dr Joseph brings a level intimate detail and authenticity that is not otherwise available. His arrival at ISRO in 1973 was timely. He lead the team that built the imaging system (image intensifier and vidicon tube) for India’s first Earth Observation satellite, Bhaskara-1. In the 200 pages, the book traces ISRO’s deployments of new techniques and technology as the Indian Remote Sensing program (IRS) evolved during the 1980s. The quality and quantity of data captured increased as multispectral, stereoscopic, higher specification optics and digital technology was introduced.
ISRO’s history is littered with examples of imaginative solutions to overcome the deficit of resources. Images of rocket nose cones transported on bikes or a bullock cart with rubber wheels for testing satellite antenna in a non-magnetic environment, have generated iconic images. They represent a lasting public perception of the ingenuity and frugality of the Indian space program. Dr Joseph describes another. In 1973 when a dark room was not available, a kitchen in a residential apartment was converted in to one along with the solid work surface to an optical bench.
Most of the book is readable for anyone with an interest in this subject. Since, Dr Joseph is a scientist, some technical terms such as “Modulation Transfer Function” and “scan mirror for off nadir viewing” are present. Although the book traces the evolution of imaging systems which was the author’s primary contribution during the early phase, it covers how those early techniques and technologies continue to support the 2008 Moon mission and the 2013 ISRO’s Mars Orbiter Mission.
Chapter 10 highlights another of ISRO’s contribution that many, even within India, do not appreciate – international collaboration. The US Landsat series of Earth Observation satellites was the premier supplier of Earth Observation data. During the 1980s, 1990s, and early 200s, problems with Landsat 5, 6 and 7 coincided with the time that ISRO’s EO constellation of satellites matured. Despite the very different pedigree, ISRO EO data was sought by many nations to fill the gap left by Landsat. Chapter 10 looks at several examples of how data from ISRO’s satellites is used by Australia, Sweden, Italy USA, Brazil and Kuwait to help toward understanding and mitigating against the effects of climate change.
The book is fascinating resource not only detailing the evolution of a key asset of satellite imaging systems but the personal account of how that was achieved. An appendix with 5 sections at the end deals with some of the more technical and specialised areas such as Bhaskara TV Camera Failure Analysis, Supplementary Notes, Space based Electro-Optical Cameras of ISRO, Glossary and Memory Lane. I found the Supplementary Notes and Memory Lane sections particularly interesting. They contain transcriptions of letters, notes and several B&W images of high quality capturing some of the key events from the time when the author was engaged with his ground breaking work.
This is an interesting read, even if you have no interest in ISRO per se. The description of space based imaging systems, by someone who built them, is sufficient justification for acquiring a copy. How could the work be improved? This book has one of the better quality of post production that I have seen. Despite this however, there are some minor typos that do not get in the way of comprehension but are a distraction. Something that copy editing or proofreading should have picked up. The other is my frequent complaint – absence of an index. The book is available on paperback from Amazon but hardback only from the publisher in India www.notionpress.com. It is incomprehensible that in 2016, an ebook is not ALWAYS made available at time of publication. A sample of the book, the forward, is available on the author’s personal website.
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MP: Can the Alt-Right overcome this? 7
by Keith Preston • Left and Right, Uncategorized
A pretty good critique of the Alt-Right.
One of the Smartest Things Ever Said
“A Fascist Stole My Lunch Money”
Issac says:
Most of the altright is astroturf designed to delegitemize any kind of white conservation politics from materializing without the heavy stigma of jackboots, hoods, and armbands. On the level of moral terpitude; however, even the comicbook baddies of the likudnik funded troll movement have nothing on modern neoliberalism. The latter doesn’t simply ignore the moral agency of broad categories of people for spurious reasons, it strategically eliminates, recreates, and modifies arguably natural categories to eliminate competitors and promote the growth of unstable covalent tribes for political exploitation.
Consider the universal behavior of the moral elite in the neoliberal west: they reject the moral imperative to assist all refugee populations in danger of genocide, eg. They are in diffident to the plight of the Boers, but they claim it is a human right for any third world population, unlikely to intellectually or economically challenge them, to make economic pilgrimage to the Holy West.
Similarly consider the pivot from a paternal class relationship within states to that of the crass liberal economic widget fetishized by Radian libertarians. The neoliberal considers all life valuable but places that value at the lowest common denominator. Families who have lived for generations in a sleepy Irish seaside village must be equivalent to the newly immigrated refugees who will invariably replace them by simple reproductive math within a generation. The subordinate in the hardest of the old regimes had nothing like this to worry about outside of a literal invasion.
So without any particular rutt on the trunk I don’t think this argument from morality can be placed on dissidents of any sort. When the status quo is so obviously intent to commit genocide against people who are their supposed charge the moral calculus is obvious. The anarchist rebuttal would be “ah but you see, the mere existence of a state makes this behavior inevitable,” but this would not explain why all non-western states tend to overwhelmingly not engage in these behaviors despite having plenty of their own foibles.
Neoliberalism is uniquely immoral and dangerous to the population that allows it to take root and fully flower. The end result is the abolition of all institutions which would secure the future existence of that local people’s person and property.
I don’t know that I would disagree with much of that. I have made similar arguments myself in the past, such as in these two lectures to the alt-right:
I also made similar points in this talk at the N-AM conference in Madrid last year.
I think you and I would agree that the global political and economic elites are our ultimate enemy, regardless of our specific ideological leanings. I would also concur that because neoliberalism is the ideology of these international elites neoliberalism is consequently our main ideological enemy as well.
I tend to welcome the rise of the BRICS, the Shia block, and the Global South as counterpower to the dominant Anglo-American-Zionist-Wahhabi axis. I’ve been writing about that possibility for at least 15 years or more. But that is still an intra-mural conflict within global capitalism. The populist movements that have emerged in the West in response to globalization and neoliberalism are helpful in the sense that they create antagonism. But all they want to do is turn back the clock to the pre-globalization era. Brexit was an illustration of that. As you know, I favor working toward a global alliance of independence movements as means of subverting the international system and the states that are their component parts. However, smaller states or separatist movements can still be easily co-opted by neoliberalism, as was the case with the Catalan separatists, or by factions within global capitalism, which has happened to the Kurdish independence movement to some degree. I am also supportive of the start up societies movement, but some of these can become components of global capitalism as well, which smart cities such as Dubai and Singapore have done. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly push from the ground up when building resistance to globalization and neoliberalism.
I’d argue global capitalism as a monolith is relative mistake. China has come to epitomize global capital gaming and yet it is not the least bit neoliberal with respect to its national integrity and social continuity.
The problem for western dissidents of all kinds is that nobody wants anything to do with them. Neoliberalism ensures the short term wealth of the western elite and the long term demise of the west for their civilizational competitors.
I think it goes without saying that the 500 year Western hegemony is starting to recede with the East being on the rise. The BRICS are challenging the West’s economic and military dominance (which is why there is so much anti-Russia hysteria nowadays). The Shia block has aligned itself with the BRICS in order to challenge Western-backed Zionist-Wahhabi hegemony in the Middle East, and the Global South has moved Eastward as well. The US has largely retreated from Latin America compared to the dominance it once had there (figures ranging from Assad to Chomsky have acknowledged this). Although the US is still trying to maintain a foothold in the region (the recent Trump administration actions involving rolling black efforts to normalize relations with Cuba, and the “sanctions” on Venezuela are a good example, as were Hillary’s efforts to organize a coup in Honduras during her time in the State Department). Right now the hot spot in the East-West conflict is the Middle East, obviously. But increasingly Latin America is moving Eastward in favoring of trade and economic relations. I think the same scenario will eventually play out in the Middle East as in Latin America, where Western influence recedes and Eastern influence rises. Then the next hot spot will be Africa, given the escalating US military presence there and China’s growing developmental efforts in Africa.
Here’s another thought: Is there really even a “West” anymore other than the US Empire? I think a strong case could be made that Europe essentially killed itself of during the two world wars, and what we have had since then is a European continent that is a collection of American and/or Russian colonies.
It seems to me that the so-called “West” nowadays is really just the Anglo-American-Zionist-Wahhabi empire. A good analogy might be to a situation where the US had 120 rather than 50 states, with 30 additional states in Europe, and a few dozen more spread out through the Middle East, the South Pacific, East Asia and Oceania. Israel and Saudi Arabia are just deep red states (Texases in the Middle East). Western Europe is just New England or the West Coast across the Atlantic, and Eastern Europe is just a Slavic version of the Midwest.
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← I’m Shocked, Shocked To Find Mean Things On This Twitter
What We’ve Build This Weekend →
Djoumania On A Warm Sunday In May
B.J. Reyes at The Star Bulletin:
Republican Charles Djou emerged victorious tonight in the special election to fill Hawaii’s vacancy in Congress, giving Hawaii its first GOP member of Congress in 20 years.
Djou won the special mail-in election with 39.7 percent of the vote in the final printout, released at 9 p.m.
The final printout represented 171,417 ballots returned by voters in the district, which stretches from Waikiki and downtown to Mililani.
Democrat Colleen Hanabusa was second at 31 percent, with Democrat Ed Case third at 27.8 percent.
“This is a momentous day,” Djou told a jubilant crowd at state party headquarters. “We have sent a message to the United States Congress. We have sent a message to the ex-governors. We have sent a message to the national Democrats! We have sent a message to the machine.
“We have told them that we will not stand idly by as our great nation is overburdened by too much taxes, too much debt and too much wasteful spending.”
Djou is Hawaii’s first GOP member of Congress since Pat Saiki, who represented the party from 1987 to 1991.
Chris Cillizza at WaPo:
“I congratulate Charles Djou for his victory and a successful campaign based on the widely-shared values of cutting spending, shrinking government and creating real, permanent American jobs,” said National Republican Congressional Committee Chairman Pete Sessions (Texas).
Doug Powers at Michelle Malkin’s place:
Since almost every one of the Democrats Obama previously endorsed — Corzine, Deeds, Coakley, etc. (though based on Scott Brown’s performance so far I don’t consider Coakley’s loss to be a Republican win) — went down in flames, this time Obama didn’t endorse either of the two main Democrat contenders, so this loss can’t be directly pinned on the “Obama Curse.”
Jim Hoft at Gateway Pundit
A quick look at the results should show fairly clearly why the celebration should perhaps be a little muted. But for the fact that there were two Democrats in the race, Djou clearly would’ve lost. This is a district that went for President Obama 70%-28% in the 2008 Election, and for it’s then-incumbent Democratic Congressman 77%-19%. With numbers like these, it’s hard to believe that Djou will be quite as fortunate come November.
Obama carried the district 70% to 28% in 2008. Conventional wisdom holds that Djou will lose this seat in the fall when there won’t be two Democratic candidates splitting the Democratic vote. But I wouldn’t be so sure that Djou can’t boost his share of the vote from 39.5% in a three-way race to 50.1% in a head-to-head match up. It’s not clear that Hawaii Dems will easily unify behind one candidate (the primary is September 18). And Djou will have six months as an incumbent to get to know voters better. He’s certainly an appealing candidate
Filed under Political Figures
Tagged as B.J. Reyes, Chris Cillizza, Doug Mataconis, Doug Powers, Gateway Pundit, Jim Hoft, John McCormack, Political Figures, Robert Stacy McCain, The Star Bulletin, The Weekly Standard, Washington Post
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BATAVIA DOWNS THIRD ANNUAL “ROCKIN THE DOWNS” SUMMER CONCERT SERIES LINEUP ANNOUNCED
Classic & modern rock bands, country legend to headline Batavia Series
BATAVIA – Batavia Downs Gaming & Hotel has announced the lineup for their third annual Rockin’ the Downsconcert series, which take place outside on the racetrack, with eight consecutive Friday dates, starting in June and running into August.
Kicking off the series on Friday, June 21st is Grammy Award-winning rock band Survivor. Best known for the double platinum-certified song Eye of the Tiger, Survivor’s massive hits also include Burning Heart, The Search Is Over, High On You, Is This Love, and I Can’t Hold Back. This Academy Award-nominated band has had 18 singles on the Billboard Hot 100 during their storied career.
Next up, on Friday, June 28th is classic rock band Queensrÿche. With over 30 million albums sold worldwide, Queensrÿche continues to tour the globe to sold out audiences. The band has earned multiple Grammy Award nominations, and won the MTV “viewer’s choice” award for the #1 chart topping hit Silent Lucidity. Even with eleven gold and platinum plaques and several Top 10 hard rock anthems under their belt, Queensrÿche consistently delivers high-octane live shows combining the hungry fire of a new band with the tempered experience of master showmen.
On Friday, July 5th Canadian rock icon Kim Mitchell takes the stage in Batavia. A gifted and peer-respected guitar player as well as an acclaimed songwriter, Mitchell has recorded many hits, including Go For Soda, Rock N Roll Duty, Patio Lanterns, I am a Wild Party, Easy To Tame, and All We Are, to name just a few. Mitchell has achieved gold and multiplatinum sales status over a long and storied career that focused on “alternative” and ‘independent” long before the words became clichés.
Rocking the stage on Friday, July 12th is singer Steve Augeri. Best known as the lead vocalist for the rock group “Journey” from 1998-2006, Steve headlined an eight-year tenure that included three albums, and brought one of the world’s most accomplished melodic rock groups back to the stage for multiple world tours to millions of adoring fans. Steve promises to bring his high-energy mix of new music as well as material from his career to the Downs.
Gin Blossoms performs on Friday, July 19th. Hailing from Tempe, AZ, the band hit the big time with their first major label album, New Miserable Experience, which went quadruple platinum, and gave us the hit single Hey Jealousy. Other hits from the Grammy-nominated band include Follow You Down, Mrs. Rita, Found Out About You, Pieces Of The Night, and ‘Til I Hear It From You. Gin Blossoms remain a rare breed, continuing to create, craft, and perform their glorious catalog of material.
Friday, July 26th sees Kenny Wayne Shepherd at the Downs. Synonymous with the phrase “young blues rock guitarist”, Shepherd has established himself as an immensely popular recording artist, a consistently in-demand live act, and an influential force in the worldwide resurgence of interest in the blues. The Louisiana-born axeman and songsmith has sold millions of albums, shining a light on the rich blues of the past while forging ahead with his own twist on a classic sound he has embodied since his teens.
Country music royalty Tanya Tucker will rock the Downs on Friday, August 2nd. Named one of CMT’s 40 Greatest Women of Country Music, this Academy of Country Music Award-winning and Grammy-nominated singer’s number one hits include Delta Dawn, Blood Red and Goin’ Down, Would You Lay With Me (In a Field of Stone),Lizzie and the Rainman, San Antonio Stroll, Here’s Some Love, and Strong Enough to Bend.
Closing out the series on Friday, August 9th is Theory of a Deadman. Hailing from Delta, British Columbia, Theory, as they are known, has turned their hard rock/alternative sound into eight top 10 hits on the US Billboard Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks, including three number one tracks in Bad Girlfriend, Lowlife, and Rx (Medicate).
Tickets for all eight concerts will be available at www.BataviaConcerts.com beginning at 10am on Friday, February 8th. Individual pre-sale tickets to each concert will remain at $10 for General Admission while VIP tickets will again be $25. For the first time, concert goers will be able to purchase tickets in the Premium Section directly in front of the stage. Premium tickets are $50 and will be very limited for each concert. General Admission tickets are $15 if purchased on the day of the concert. Tickets can also be purchased at Batavia Downs Gaming & Hotel at the “Lucky Treasures” Gift Shop located in the lobby.
Concert goers will once again have the option of purchasing a “Season Pass”, which includes admission to all eight concerts at a discounted rate. The season pass for 2019 is $60.00 for General Admission and $150.00 for VIP.
“We are very excited to once again host the region’s premier concert series, which includes another great lineup of musical icons,” said Henry Wojtaszek, CEO/President of Batavia Downs Gaming. “We hope the community will continue to enjoy what has been an entertaining and affordable event each year. It’s great to see the community come together for a series that everyone can be a part of.”
Hotel room/ticket packages will be available for each concert. Purchase of a hotel room on the night of a concert using the code includes two VIP tickets to the show while supplies last. Each concert ticket is also redeemable once at Player’s Club in the three days following the concert for $10 Free Play to be used on one of Batavia Downs Gaming’s 800+ gaming machines. Concerts are held Rain or Shine.
JULIA MICHAELS RELEASES VIDEO FOR “WHAT A TIME”FT. NIALL HORAN
NIGHTMARER To Embark on Devastation On The Nation’s 2019 North American Tour!
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← Hawaiian Holiday: 12/25/16 to 1/6/17 #2
Road Scholar Trip to Panama, Nov. 11 – 17, 2018 Part 1 →
Hawaiian Holiday: 12/25/16 to 1/6/17 #3
Sandy, Victoria and Seth left us on Sunday January 1, 2017 and went back to their home in San Rafael, CA. For the rest of us, it was on to the Aulani Resort (a Disney facility) on Oahu. This transition went very smoothly, and we began enjoying ourselves right from the beginning. The Aulani is on the western coast of Oahu, about 45 minutes from the main airport, and somewhat away from Honolulu, although how far is difficult to tell. We stayed mainly at the resort, although on one day we ventured out to explore a bit more.
On that day, Courtney, Joey and I went to the Pearl Harbor memorial, while the rest of the crew went to various places around the island, including the Dole Pineapple plant, a spectacular donut shop, and other places. We had only one car, so they dropped us off first, and we were able to spend most of our day at the memorial site.
The site is officially called the “World War II Valor in the Pacific National Monument”, which actually includes a number of related memorials located across the Pacific. It includes the Visitor Center where the museum, theater, the submarine Bowfin and its museum, the ticket office and assorted eating places are located. The harbor boat to the USS Arizona memorial leaves from this site as well as frequent buses to the USS Missouri and the Pacific Aviation Museum, Pearl Harbor, both located on Ford Island.
The most difficult ticket to obtain is the one to the USS Arizona memorial, as they only issue them the day before or the day of your visit. We had tickets for the 1:00 tour, so we had to be in the line for the theater by 12:45. As it turned our we made all our connections all day, so we spent the maximum time site-seeing.
First stop was the USS Missouri. This is the ship where the Japanese government signed the Instrument of Surrender document in September of 1945.
This is an excellent example of the Battle Ships that populated Ford Island’s piers on December 7, 1941. There were eight of them, and all of them were harmed by the bombing. The USS Missouri was not there, as it was built between 1941 and 1944. It is an Iowa-class “fast battleship” which saw service in WWII, the Korean War, and finally the first Gulf War. She was “permanently” settled in Pearl Harbor in 1999.
The first picture is looking across the teak deck of the ship at the Arizona memorial. I was unaware that ever since they started building metal ships, they have decked them in wood. To those of us who do not spend a lot of time on board ships, the practical reason may not be obvious. The wood decking provides needed insulation. We were told it also is a tribute to the wooden ships of old.
The circle above marks the spot where the desk sat upon which the Instrument of Surrender sat for its ritual signing. The second picture is looking up from that spot at the guns and the equipment on the decks above the main deck. The third picture looks across the harbor to the main island.
The next stop for us is the USS Arizona memorial. We get back to the Visitor Center in plenty of time to make the cinematic presentation which precedes the boat ride to the memorial. The film is quire good, explaining the context of December 7, 1941, and in particular what happened to the Arizona (a bomb designed to break through the top decks and detonate close to the ship’s hull actually did that, and ended up exploding in the ammunition store, detonating much more than just itself). The Arizona sank quickly, and became the gravesite for over 1100 men, the largest single-ship loss of life that day. After the movie, we all boarded a ferry for a 15 minute ride to the memorial.
The picture immediately below shows the largest stack still visible above the water. A smaller stack is closer to the memorial itself, showing a ladder and electrical cables which have been cut. In the center of the memorial, a square is cut out showing another stack on the upper right.
The top picture below shows the plan of the Arizona as it existed on that day, as well as the way the memorial straddles the remains as they sit on the bottom below it. The smaller picture on the left below shows oil seeping from the Arizona’s tanks. This oil comes out in drips, dissipates colorfully and disappears, soon followed by another. This has been going on since 1941. ON the right below is the rear wall of the memorial, where the names of the men who died are listed.
Courtney and Joey said later they very much enjoyed seeing the memorial, and the associated museums. The Missouri is in the background in the pictures below.
Our next stop was the USS Bowfin, one of the many submarines in service in WWII. The Bowfin saw service from her commissioning in mid-1943 until the end of the war, and then in the Korean War. She served as a training vessel for a number of years, and was finally sited at Pearl Harbor in 1971, and listed as a National Historic Landmark in 1986.
Viewed from the deck, the Bowfin is a sleek and efficient fighting machine. However, to make this possible, the machinery and crews areas are efficiently laid out, but not very hospitable to the crew. This is especially true of the hatches, which were not easy for me to maneuver through at my height and age. Beds seemed to be everywhere, which they more or less had to be to accommodate the 80 man crew aboard the 312′-long by 28′-wide vessel. In addition to the beds, of course, also inside are the diesel-electric propulsion system and numerous torpedoes, their main weapons.
Her service record is quite good, as the flags on her outer shell indicate.
The Bowfin museum was very enlightening as well. It gave me quite a lot of history of submarines in general (starting in the Civil War), and Joey and Courtney spent their time on more recent developments.
The last stop on our tour was the Pacific Aviation Museum. The museum is also a WWII memorial , and the exhibits in it are primarily WWII related. The picture on the left below is a painting of what a zero pilot would have seen on December 7, 1941. The top picture on the right is of a fully reconstructed zero. The zeros were technically ahead of anything else in the sky at that time. In the hands of a well-trained and experienced pilot, they could outmaneuver anything we could put up against it. That changed over the first year of the war in the Pacific for two reasons: the Allies obtained an in-tact example of a zero and the number of well-trained experienced pilots flying for Japan dropped swiftly especially with the Battle of Midway six months after Pearl Harbor.
One of the sidelights of that infamous day were the six private pilots up over Oahu who, once they figured out what was going on, scrambled to get on the ground and out of the way as soon as possible. One was a young lady, a flying instructor and her student. They got down successfully, and she (I can’t remember her name) shortly thereafter went into training in Texas to become one of the women flyers taxiing completed aircraft from the US to bases abroad where they would be used for the war effort. Unfortunately, she was killed during the training sessions.
At the back of the Museum is a line-up of flight simulators. Courtney was brave enough to try it, and duly took her place as seen below. The simulators were loosely enclosed, with meters appropriate to the type of aircraft flown on a computer screen in front of them, a joy-stick control, and a large screen projection of what they would see out of the windscreen in front of them. The picture on the right shows Courtney taking a hard right following her target (one of the other simulator pilots), which the picture on the left shows the con trail indicating her success at shooting him down. The picture on the right of each picture below shows the type of aircraft simulated. It looks like the P-38, which was the primary US fighter during most of the war in the Pacific.
Below is the view toward the ocean at the Aulani. The featured image on this page shows the Aulani as seen from the beach. We really enjoyed our stay there.
This is a site dedicated to the post-retirement adventures, travels, thoughts, dreams, and photos of Andrew Joseph.
Road Scholar Trip to Panama, Nov. 11 – 17, 2018 Part 5
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Ben Hopkins
by Ben Hopkins July 20, 20181:44 pm
How Finals Day captures the joy of being a non-league supporter
An extract from a feature on Non-League Finals Day. Please see Shortlist for the full feature.
Another Stockton fan offers his thoughts on what makes non-league so enjoyable, compared to the much-hyped Premier League fan experience. “It’s not having to shell out £30 or £40 for a ticket. It’s camaraderie. It’s standing on the sidelines and being able to talk to the players as they’re warming up. It’s seeing them in the bar afterwards.”
He’s with a former Middlesbrough season ticket holder who fell under the Stockton spell. “I got far more satisfaction out of this season watching Town because you have that empathy with them. There’s not that distance between people. The lads are there because they want to play football.”
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Barnes&Noble.com - $205.99
Functional Structure Inference
Apostolos Serletis, William A. Barnett
Emerald Group Publishing Limited, Jul 23, 2007 - Business & Economics - 366 pages
The series "International Symposia in Economic Theory and Econometrics" publishes quality proceedings of conferences and symposia. Since all articles published in these volumes are refereed relative to the standards of the best journals, not all papers presented at the symposia are published in these proceedings volumes. Occasionally these volumes include articles that were not presented at a symposium or conference, but are of high quality and are relevant to the focus of the volume. The topics chosen for these volumes are those of particular research importance at the time of the selection of the topic. Each volume has different co-editors, chosen to have particular expertise relevant to the focus of that particular volume. Most of the chapters in this volume were delivered as papers in two sessions that William Barnett organized at a conference held in Vigo (Spain) in July 2005, sponsored by the Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory. The volume brings together fundamental new research in economics, including relevant significant innovations in microeconometrics, macroeconomics, and monetary and financial economics, thereby making substantive contributions to the literature. This book: presents original, innovative research; covers a number of issues in macroeconomics, monetary economics, and financial economics; and is part of the ISETE series.
Apostolos Serletis,William A. Barnett
Title Functional Structure Inference
Volume 18 of International Symposia in Economic Theory and Econometrics, ISSN 1571-0386
Editors Apostolos Serletis, William A. Barnett
Publisher Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2007
Business & Economics / Econometrics
Business & Economics / Economics / General
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Gallbladder Removal Through a Single Incision
Minimally invasive surgery offers many advantages compared to open surgery, including reduced recovery time and less pain with faster return to normal function. Now there’s even an improvement on minimally invasive surgery. Single-incision surgery has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for gallbladder removal. The technique eventually may become available for other abdominal surgeries as well, says James E. Camel, MD, chief of surgery at Providence Little Company of Mary Medical Center Torrance.
In single-incision surgery, which is typically performed on an outpatient basis, surgeons use a robot and insert instruments through a small opening in the belly button, their maneuvers guided by clear images on a computer screen. The gallbladder is removed through that same opening. The operation leaves no visible scar.
Dr. Camel and his colleagues, as well as physicians at Providence Saint Joseph Medical Center in Burbank, are among the first surgeons in the region to offer single-incision laparoscopy. “Our groups are probably among the few that do the single-incision surgery,” he says. “Providence has been at the forefront of this.”
Experience Agility - Sep's Story
You are smart about your colon health
Era Butler had surgery to replace the battery in a pacemaker system used to regulate her heartbeat
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Posts Tagged ‘title search’
Koons Avenue: Gold Miners from Buffalo?
Posted in East Side, tagged Buffalo, emerson, Forest Lawn, germans of buffalo, Grover Cleveland, Hengerer's, History, koons, St. John's Orphan Home, Streets, Sylvanite Gold Mines, title search on June 19, 2013| 5 Comments »
Koons Avenue is located in the Emerson Neighborhood of the East Side of Buffalo. Koons Avenue was named for the Koons brothers, Henry and Edward, who developed the neighborhood along with Judge Titus and Frank and Henry Goodyear.
The Koons brothers, Edward and Henry, were born into a prominent Buffalo family. Their father, Jacob Koons, was a merchant, political official and a leader in church and charitable affairs. Jacob came from Europe in 1828 and became a farm hand outside of Albany, new York. He came to Buffalo in 1832 and established a store (history books refer to it as an emporium) for the sale of clocks, dry-goods and groceries at Main Street near Genesee. The store was successful and branched out to a second store in Paris, Ohio. Jacob Koons left the business in 1848. He was then involved in local politics. He was appointed Superintendent of the Poor in 1856. Jame Koons, along with his wife and six children, lived at 73 East Huron. Jacob Koons was a member of St. John’s Lutheran on Hickory Street and was involved in building and improving St. John’s Orphan Home. You can read more about the Orphan Home here. Mr. Jacob Koons died on May 9, 1889.
The Koons Family
Top: Amelia, Henry, and Elisabeth
Center: Jacob and Elisabeth, nee Dellenbaugh
Bottom: Mary, Edward and Louise
Henry Koons was born in Buffalo on October 9, 1838 and was educated in the public schools. He worked for the American Express Company for two years. Henry then headed West to learn the trade of tanning with G. Pfisler & Company of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He returned to Buffalo a few years later. He worked as a search clerk in the County Clerk’s office from 1865 to 1871, engaging in abstracting and tracing titles. During his time in the clerk’s office, he also started working in the real estate business. He set up his real estate shop on the 400 block of Main Street. On June 1, 1884, he formed the firm Henry & Edward Koons, when his brother joined the firm. Henry boasted that the reason for his success was that his guiding principle was absolute honesty in all business transactions.
Edward Koons was born on October 1, 1861. He was a schoolmate of Francis Folsom, future wife of President Grover Cleveland. Edward read law in the office of William Glenney. His knowledge of law and real estate helped him to become a great success in the real estate business. He founded and was president of Abstract Title and Mortgage and was director of Buffalo Insurance for more than 50 years. He was the first Vice President of Buffalo Savings Bank and in 1920 became president of the Chamber of Commerce.
The brothers helped Grover Cleveland become Mayor by managing his campaign. They were prominent in his campaign for Governor and President as well. The brothers helped Grover Cleveland become Mayor by managing his campaign. They were prominent in his campaign for Governor and President as well.
Edward and Henry, along with Judge Titus and Frank and Henry Goodyear, bought a large amount of East Side land and quickly resold it for development.
In 1891, Edward opened the Erie County Guaranteed Search Company, an abstract and title search company. In 1906, Edward Koons was appointed a member of the commission to revise the City Charter.
The Koons brothers invested their profits in gold mines in Ontario, calling their venture Sylvanite Gold Mines. Sylvanite is found in the Kirkland Lake Gold District in Canada. The mine was active until 1961. Henry Koons never married and died in April 1904 in Buffalo.
Edward married Anna Hengerer, daughter of the founder of Hengerer’s Department Store. Edward and Anna lived at 1131 Delaware Avenue, which is commonly referred to as the Charles Germain House, after the first resident of the house.
Edward Koons died at eighty-four in the Park Lane Apartments in February 1946. Edward and Henry are both buried in the Koons plot in Forest Lawn Cemetery.
Koons Plot in Forest Lawn
Learn about other streets in the Street Index.
Our County and it’s People: A Descriptive Work on Erie County, New York. Edited by: Trumen C. White. The Boston History Company, Published 1898.
Recalling Pioneer Days. Volume XXVI, Publications of the Buffalo Historical Society. Edited by Frank H. Severance, 1922.
History of the Germans in Buffalo and Erie County. Reinecke & Zesch, Publishers. Buffalo NY 1898.
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Logan Mize announces UK & European shows including C2C as hit single ‘Better Off Gone’ passes 35m+ streams
By hannahjessica31 on February 8, 2019 • ( Leave a comment )
US singer-songwriter Logan Mize has announced his long-awaited return across the pond, with several dates in the UK & Europe next month, including C2C:
2nd March – CMA Introducing Nashville – Verti Music Hall, Berlin
3rd March – C2C Festival – Verti Music Hall, Berlin (w/Keith Urban)
4th March – CMA Introducing Nashville – AFAS Live, Amsterdam
5th March – Nashville Vibes – Das Vett, Frankfurt
6th March – Nashville Vibes – Prinzenbar, Hamburg
8th March – C2C Festival – O2 Arena, London
9th March – C2C Festival – SSE Hydro Arena (Spotlight Stage) + SW3 (Aftershow), Glasgow
10th March – C2C Festival – O2 Arena, London (BBC Radio 2 Stage, Indigo)
The hit single ‘Better Off Gone’ continues to gain traction all over the world with 35m+ streams to date and growing radio support, as well as being featured on major country music playlists on various platforms. He was listed as one of 2018’s Country Artists to Watch by AOL, PopCulture.com, Popdust, and AXS, among others, and the song is taken from his Billboard Top 20 album ‘Come Back Road’ (100m+ total album streams to date).
Check out the official music video, highlighted as one of CMT’s ’10 Must-See Indies You Need To Know’.
LOGAN MIZE:
Logan Mize is an accomplished singer/songwriter from Clearwater, Kansas, who has deep musical roots to his family tree. His great uncle was Billy Mize, largely known for crafting and evolving the legendary Bakersfield sound, which included musical pioneers Merle Haggard and Buck Owens. In 2010, several years after moving to Nashville, Logan signed a publishing/record deal with Big Yellow Dog Music and a booking deal with a major agency. He spent the next seven years playing seemingly every venue in every town across the U.S. and winning over fans every stop along the way. In 2016, Mize made waves when he booked a solo acoustic tour via social media and traveled more than 20 thousand miles in less than two months in a 1989 Chevy station wagon named “Glenn” running his own sound and lighting performing 2-3 hour acoustic shows for fans across the country.
Logan released his ‘Come Back Road’ album in 2017 which debuted Top 20 on the Billboard Country Album Sales Chart and #2 on the iTunes Country chart. The album features the highly successful first single “Ain’t Always Pretty” which gained major buzz from early support on the Bobby Bones Show and has over 35M+ streams to date on Spotify alone. Current single, “Better Off Gone” (over 35M+ streams across all platforms) has been featured on all the major country playlists on both Spotify (Hot Country, New Boots, Wild Country) and Apple Music (The A-List: Country, Breaking Country, Cool Country). Logan Mize has shared the stage with Lady Antebellum, Eric Church, Dierks Bentley, Cam, Billy Currington, and Blake Shelton, among others; and this winter is embarking on a twenty-city headlining Better Off Gone Tour presented by Big Yellow Dog Music, before returning to the UK & Europe in March for a series of tour dates and festival performances.
For more information, visit: loganmize.com
Categories: C2C Festival 2019, Country 2 Country Festival (C2C), Latest, News
Tagged as: Logan Mize
MAREN MORRIS TO RELEASE NEW ALBUM “GIRL” ON 8TH MARCH “COMMON” FEATURING BRANDI CARLILE AVAILABLE TODAY WITH ALBUM PRE-ORDER
ADAM HAMBRICK RELEASES NEW SONG “ALL YOU, ALL NIGHT, ALL SUMMER”
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1. What are the requirements to run for City Council?
Candidates must be registered to vote. Candidates for the office of council member and council members must reside in the ward they represent.
2. What are the requirements to run for Mayor?
You must be a registered voter who lives in the City of Missoula to seek and hold the office of Mayor.
3. What are the requirements to run for Municipal Court Judge?
Municipal Court judges must meet statutory requirements in order to serve. [Check out the statute...]
4. How do I find out who has filed to run for City Council, Mayor, or Municipal Court Judge?
Contact the Missoula County Elections office at 406-258-4751.
5. Where do I vote?
6. How do I request an absentee ballot?
7. What is the deadline to request an absentee ballot?
8. What are the election results for the City election?
9. Where are the city limits?
Visit the city ward map.
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The guardians of the sacred land and the builders of happy homes
In the recent weeks, I often mentioned the mushrooming a new ‘model’ villages on the Tibetan side of the Indian border, mainly north of Arunachal Pradesh. This development has been linked with ‘poverty alleviation’ and the ‘defense the borders’.
Several senior Communist leaders have visited these new villages, either north of Kibithu (there is War Memorial as a bonus); in Metok, north of Upper Siang district; in Yume (also written Yumai), north of Takshing in Upper Subansari or in Lepo, Marmang and Tsona, north of Khenzimani and Tawang.
It is interesting to look at the recent increase of visitors in the TAR and the rationale behind this Chinese move.
Tourism in the Tibetan Autonomous Region (TAR)
According to China Tibet News, Lhasa received 918,900 tourists (mainly inland tourism) during the first three months of 2018. It represents a year-on-year increase of 38%. The influx of visitors brought 1.2 billion yuan in tourism revenue, up 30%.
The accommodation in star-hotels soared by 35%.
Tourist attractions such as the Potala Palace and Jokhang Temple witnessed a double number of visitors (despite the ‘structural restrictions’ for the Potala).
The sales of souvenirs have doubled over last year.
During the tomb-sweeping holiday (around April 4 and 5), Lhasa welcomed 284,600 tourists generating 214 million yuan (35 million US $) in tourism revenue.
The representation of the epic opera about Chinese Princess Wencheng started on April 20; after five days only, this performance has attracted 8,531 tourists, a growth of 19% compared with the same period of last year.
But there is something new in the TAR and perhaps more important for India; it is the ‘border tourism’.
Development of border areas
TAR’s Party Secretary Wu Yingjie recently gave an interview to The People's Daily about the TAR’s development, particularly in the border areas.
As required by the Party etiquette, Wu Yingjie first quoted General Secretary Xi Jinping’s “series of important instructions for the work in Tibet.”
‘Pointing out the direction to follow for doing Tibet's good work’, he stated: “Being the guardians of sacred land and the builders of happy homes, this is the political task that the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core has handed over to the cadres and people of all ethnic groups in Tibet.”
‘Guardians of the sacred land and builders of the happy homes” is the new motto for Party’s work with the borders’ Tibetan populations.
Wu added: “We must firmly establish ‘four consciousnesses’ and firm up the ‘four confidences’, i.e. “Strengthen the ideals and beliefs, and vigorously promote the 'old Tibet spirit' and the 'two-way spirit' [it is not clear what the ‘two-way spirit’ is] and work hard to promote long-term development and long-term peace in Tibet in the new era."
'Old Tibet spirit' refers to the work of the first Communist cadres who worked in Tibet in the 1950s.
When the reporter asked Wu about the significance of implementing the new strategy of “rejuvenating villages under the banner of the protectors of sacred homeland and the builders of happy homes” for managing the borders and maintaining the stability of Tibet, Wu answered: “This is the first requirement for carrying out the important strategic thinking of General Secretary Xi Jinping to govern the country and administrate the borders first.”
To govern the Nation
Let us recall that Xi Jinping has said: “Govern the nation by governing the borders, Govern the borders by first stabilizing Tibet, Ensure social harmony and stability in Tibet and strengthen the development of border regions.”
Wu also quoted Xi on the management of Tibet, the rule of law, the improvement of the life of the local people, the long-term construction of Tibet and the consolidation of the people’s minds.
These were the basic principles, said Wu.
The latter plan (consolidation of people's mind) is the Party's propaganda work to induce the local Tibetan population on the side of the Communist Party.
Making the inhabitants of the borders (with India) ‘the protectors of sacred homeland and the builders of happy homes,” can be found in each speech these days.
A confirmation of the Indian border?
As I mentioned a few months ago, one could be read in the scheme, the confirmation of the border with India in all the places mentioned above (where new model villages have come up).
However for China, the maintenance of Tibet’s stability is always the first priority; Wu asserted: “We must never allow the secession of an inch of land from the motherland in Tibet.”
He mentioned the Chinese nation’s “sense of community and the Chinese culture giving an emotional support, spiritual destination and spiritual homeland of all ethnic groups in Tibet.”
Whether this is true or not is another issue.
Wu boldly stated that the Tibetan culture is an inseparable part of the Chinese culture and is rooted in the minds of the people of the borders.”
He advised to ‘work hard on these lines’ and continue to promote the adaptation of the [Buddhist] religion to the socialist doctrine: “Education will guide the masses to treat religions rationally”, he argued.
This is of course debatable if ‘education’ can change the religious mindset of the Tibetan population.
The village-level party organizations should be built into strong fighting bastions that listen to the Party, reunite the people, develop the villages, get them wealthier and maintain Tibet’s stability, without failing 'to be confused'. The idea is to 'strengthen the feelings of the masses'.
A series of effective measures
Then, Wu dealt directly with “a series of effective measures to accelerate the development of the border areas”.
These measures are clearly post-Doklam.
The rationale is “to consolidate border security and to promote the deep integration of the military and the people.”
The Party boss spoke of improvement of infrastructure in the border areas, and “improving the dealing with the residents.”
Taking the example of Metok, north of Upper Siang district of Arunachal, he said that the county was now well-connected by concrete roads (and a tunnel!); Wu also mentioned the construction of Yumai, “the well-off village on the border as a breakthrough which is steadily progressing.”
As often mentioned on this blog, this is Chairman Xi Jinping’s pet project.
Every cadre has to praise it.
Wu added that “more and more border people are taking root in the snow-covered areas like Kelsang flowers.” Once again an expression used by Xi.
Different requirements
Wu mentioned different requirements for the proper implementation of this new policy of strengthening the border villages; one is the selection of the impoverished villages (in Chamdo, Nagchu, and Shigatse and other places in Western Tibet), he mentioned.
Another one is the industry’s precise requirements to support poverty alleviation and employment. Industries such as the barley production and selling of yak products have already lifted 32,300 people of poverty, affirmed the Party Secretary.
However, tourism and cultural industries remain the pillars of the scheme; it helps the poor to get rid of poverty through participation 'in tourism and cultural industries' and it promotes 'ethnic exchanges'.
Another requirement which is very controversial is the relocation of some truly poor people from areas “with extreme water and soil conservation conditions, such as high altitude and ecologically fragile areas” to ‘productive’ areas with good resources and weather conditions.
A smart village?
It means practically shifting nomads to ‘smart’ villages, which are not that ‘smart’.
Wu mentioned other requirements such as ensuring that 80% of Tibet's aid funds are spent on the most remote and poorer regions.
Once again Yume (or Yumai) is the ideal village selected as the model for the scheme.
The Party Secretary’s conclusions were: “Let the people of all ethnic groups have more feelings of happiness; to take a clear-cut stand against splitting, in order to maintain the stability of Tibet …and always be the guardians of sacred land and the builders of happy homes.”
He added: “This is the purpose of high-quality development, and it is also our job to implement this project and work for the people’s livelihood. …We shall always put the people of all ethnic groups at the top of our hearts; we shall give prominence to the work of people’s livelihood focusing on employment; we shall formulate and improve policies and measures; we shall encourage more college graduates to return to their hometowns, and further promote medical education for groups aiding Tibet.”
Efforts would continue to be made “to enable all ethnic groups to enjoy high-quality medical education services at their doorstep. We have actively promoted the construction of beautiful Tibet and deepened the practice of green development”, he concluded.
Military Civilian Integration
Zhayul County is located north of Anjaw district of Arunachal Pradesh in the Lohit valley.
According to China Tibet News, some of the villages of the county have started implementing the ‘double-support model city’ which translates into full of military and civilian integration: “For decades, on the borders stretching several hundred kilometers, the border guards and soldiers stationed have been working with the local people to protect the sacred territory and build a beautiful home.”
The article speaks of the civilian population and the soldiers working 'hand in hand’; the love of the people supporting the New Age Army.
The reporter gave a few examples: “On April 10, a border guard stationed in the town of Chagao [?] was going to perform patrols. After hearing of a border incident, Atolima, a 37-year-old member of the village who helped to build houses in the village, asked his boss for leave. With three militiamen working with him on the construction site, they went straight to the border defense company. The mountains are densely forested and patrols often take seven or eight days in this area. All the supplies of the border guards have to be carried. However, in this case, the nearby militia did not hesitate to lay down their work and take the initiative to participate in the patrols and provide the soldiers with the strongest protection.”
It is not clear if this refers to an Indian ‘intrusion’ on China’s perceived territory.
The reporter then took another example: “In Shama village, if there are strangers or suspicious people, the villagers, regardless of their age, will step up to cross-examination and find suspicious points [of entry] which will be reported to village officials and frontier defense officers, effectively preventing the penetration of hostile saboteurs.” The article speaks of an ‘Invisible Great Wall' to guard the country.
It also mentioned “a touching scene in which soldiers and civilians united to fight the catastrophic rain and snow disaster was being staged on the town of Chaga,” and the cadres and people of Zhayul County celebrating the major festivals with the officers and soldiers stationed in the [local] garrison.”
Though it is difficult to position these villages on a map, it shows that China is trying hard to enlist the border Tibetan populations on the side.
Can it succeed is another issue. But it is certain that incentives (and employment) are thus provided to the local Tibetans.
The Military and Civil Integration Development Committee
On May 10, China Tibet News Network reported that Wu Yingjie participated in a plenary session of the Military and Civil Integration Development Committee in Lhasa for a “in-depth implementation of the strategic thinking of General Secretary Xi Jinping's integration of military and civilian development and provide a strong momentum for Tibet's long-term development and long-term stability.”
Wu Yingjie who is also first secretary of the Party Committee of the Tibet Military Region, and the director of the TAR’s Military and Civil Integration Development Committee, presided over.
Deputy Party Secretary Che Dalha (also Deputy Director of the Military and Civil Integration Development Committee) and Lt Gen Xu Yong, the Commander of the Tibet Military Region (also a Deputy Director of the Military and Civil Integration Development Committee) attended.
They all reported about the rapid integration of the civil and military development in the TAR in 2017; the key issues to be dealt with in 2018 by the task force of the Committee was the integration of military and civilian in the ‘13th Five-Year Plan’ of the TAR’s Development Plan.
Civil and military integration is also a pet project of Xi Jinping.
Some conclusions
The above gives insights in the theoretical background of the new Chinese campaign on the borders of India.
In the coming months, Beijing will continue to try to enlist the Tibetan populations on their side of the boundary, not only in Nyingtri area (Nyingchi City), but also in Western Tibet.
Similar stories have been reported from Purang, near the trijunction with Nepal and Tibet.
At the same time, the empowerment of the border villages can be read as a reiteration of the border between India and China.
But on this, Delhi should be cautious and it needs to closely watch the unfolding situation.
Labels: Border villages, Civil and Military Integration, Metok, Nyingtri, Wu Yingjie, Xi Jinping, Yume
A Better but Bumpy Border Road Lies Ahead
Preparing for China’s information warfare
The Beauties of Sikkim
The Happy People of Ngari?
Why India needs to keep a tab on the new silk road...
The guardians of the sacred land and the builders ...
A Dinner with the Third King of Bhutan
Importance of Sikkim as a border State
A new Xinjiang-Tibet-Nepal Highway?
A Strange World
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Clayton Cubitt
Star-Spangled Banner for Smithsonian Magazine
by Clayton Cubitt
Smithsonian Magazine recently called on select contemporary artists to interpret the Star-Spangled Banner, and as part of that project commissioned me to make portraits of avant-garde guitarist Mary Halvorson recording her rendition.
From the project website:
As national treasures go, it was a bargain: $405.90, paid to Mary Pickersgill of Baltimore, who fashioned it from red, blue and undyed wool, plus cotton for the 15 stars, to fly at the fortress guarding the city’s harbor. An enormous flag, 30 by 42 feet, it was intended as a bold statement to the British warships that were certain to come. And when, in September 1814, the young United States turned back the invaders in a spectacular battle witnessed by Francis Scott Key, he put his joy into a verse published first as “Defence of Fort M’Henry” and then, set to the tune of a British drinking song, immortalized as “The Star-Spangled Banner.”
The flag itself, enshrined since 2008 in a special chamber at the Smithsonian’s National Museum of American History following a $7 million restoration—and due to be celebrated June 14 with a nationwide singalong — remains a bold statement. But what is it saying now, 200 years later? We asked leading painters, musicians, poets and other artists to consider that question. You might be inspired by their responses, or provoked. But their artworks give proof that the anthem and the icon are as powerful as ever, symbols of an ever-expanding diversity of ideas about what it means to be an American.
Visit the project website for more, and listen to Mary's interpretation below:
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ArticlesRenewable Energy
Invenergy Announces 700 MW Wind & Solar Project For Long Island
by Joshua Hill October 25, 2016 0 comment
Clean energy developer and owner Invenergy has announced it will develop a 700 MW wind and solar project for Long Island, the largest ever renewable energy project proposed for the region.
Invenergy, which owns, develops, builds, and operates clean energy operations in Europe and North America, announced on Monday the 700 MW Clean Energy Link project for Long Island, which will consist of four new wind farms and two new solar farms located within the 12-state PJM regional power market, and intended solely for Long Island.
Upon completion, Clean Energy Link will triple Long Island’s renewable energy portfolio, and move Nassau and Suffolk from 3% in 2015 to 10% upon completion in 2020.
Clean Energy Link, however, will not be built in Long Island, but rather in multiple states around the country, making use of rural areas where land is both less expensive and more readily available, and delivered to Long Island by way of a new buried HVDC transmission line, terminating at a net-zero converter station on Long Island itself.
“Long Island has never had an opportunity like the Clean Energy Link,” said Marcia Bystryn, president of the New York League of Conservation Voters. “In a single stroke, the Clean Energy Link will more than triple the green energy supply to Long Island. It’s a big step forward for Long Island and means we can stop talking about meeting the Governor’s 50 by 30 and begin actually achieving it.”
“Long Island is determined to protect our environment, and Governor Cuomo’s 50 by 30 mandate is the vehicle that ensures innovative methods for securing renewable energy is a part of the equation,” added Assemblyman Steve Englebright. “Long Islanders have long sought clean energy via wind and solar projects, but the proposal by Invenergy allows us to make a significant step forward without sacrificing open space as a consequence.”
InvenergyLong Islandsolar energyWind
Joshua Hill
Masdar Group To Set Up 200 MW Solar Power Project In Jordan
India Receives $30 Million Fees For 500 MW SunEdison Project
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Published on October 28th, 2013 | by Tina Casey
Record Breaking Solar Cell Efficiency From A “Perfect Crystal”
October 28th, 2013 by Tina Casey
Gallium is already on its way to becoming the workhorse of the solar tech field, and now it looks like the soft metal is is on track to become a thoroughbred. A team of US scientists has hit upon an improved method for growing indium gallium nitride (InGaN) crystals that could lead to record-breaking solar cell efficiency. So far the method has resulted in a film of InGaN that has “almost ideal characteristics.”
To ice the cake, an analysis of the film revealed the precise reason why the results of the new InGaN growing method were so good, which could lead to further improvements in LED technology as well as solar cells.
A Perfect InGaN Crystal
Nitride refers to a compound of nitrogen, in this case in conjunction with indium, a soft silvery-white, zinc-like metal, as well as gallium.
InGaN LED light by Christian Pelant.
If InGaN already rings a bell, you might be thinking of the world record-setting concentrating solar cell module developed by the company Amonix. That module is based on a record setting solar cell developed by Solar Junction, that incorporates a layer of antimony-doped InGaN.
Gallium in particular is an effective material for LEDs as well as solar cells due to its band gap characteristics, most familiarly in CIGS thin film solar cells (CIGS is the semiconductor copper-indium-gallium-(di)selenide). The potential has barely been scratched, though.
Arizona State University and the Georgia Institute of Technology collaborated on the new method, which addressed the problem at its core. The obstacle has been irregularities in the atomic structure of the crystal, as explained by ASU team leader Fernando Ponce:
Being able to ease the strain and increase the uniformity in the composition of InGaN is very desirable, but difficult to achieve. Growth of these layers is similar to trying to smoothly fit together two honeycombs with different cell sizes, where size difference disrupts a periodic arrangement of the cells.
The new method is called metal modulated epitaxy. It is a variation of the epitaxial deposition method first developed at Bell Labs in the 1960’s, which involves applying a thin layer of material to a substrate that takes on the crystal structure of the lower layer.
The result was a more film that resembles a perfect crystal, both in its uniformity of structure and in the desirable trait of luminosity.
As for why the improvement occurred, the analysis credited “strain relaxation at the first atomic layer of crystal growth.”
We Built This Next-Generation Solar Cell
Solar cell efficiency is not the only factor leading to a drop in the cost of solar power, since the “soft costs” of installing a solar system still account for a considerable chunk of change.
However, solar cell efficiency is still a key factor, and if the new findings translate from the lab to commercial development, let’s throw ourselves a taxpayer appreciation party.
The latest development has roots in a 2008 paper published by Georgia Tech team leader Alan Doolittle with other collaborators, titled “Metal modulation epitaxy growth for extremely high hole concentrations above 1019cm−3 in GaN.” It described how the metal modulated epitaxy method yielded an enhanced doping efficiency of up to 10 percent, which compares favorably to the 1 percent efficiency under the conventional method.
That research was funded by grants from the Office of Naval Research, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency as well as the National Science Foundation.
Follow me on Twitter and Google+
Tags: amonix, Arizona State University, cigs, epitaxy, georgia tech, InGAN, Solar Cell Efficiency, Solar Junction
Tina Casey specializes in military and corporate sustainability, advanced technology, emerging materials, biofuels, and water and wastewater issues. Tina’s articles are reposted frequently on Reuters, Scientific American, and many other sites. Views expressed are her own. Follow her on Twitter @TinaMCasey and Google+.
Researchers Unlock Secret To Higher Efficiency Solar Cells →
Most Efficient Solar Modules — NREL’s New Chart →
Dolphin Boat Goes Hybrid With BMW i3 Batteries + Sunflare Panels →
Concentrated Photovoltaics Achieve Solar Conversion Efficiency Record Of 41.4% →
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Gary DeLaune
Tex had it right: Keep everyone out
By gdelaune on September 15, 2010 at 6:25 PM
Bill Kostroun/AP
Ines Sainz, a reporter for the Mexican network TV Azteca, received an apology from the owner of the New York Jets for the way players treated her during and after practice Saturday.
This latest hoopla over the “honey” in the dressing room has scratched an old wound about football dressing room coverage by female reporters.
She labeled herself as the “hottest sports reporter in Mexico” or something like that.
True, her jeans were tight enough to count the pores on her right cheek. Ad no doubt every time she produced that runway strut, every male eye focused on her Jennifer Lopez-like derriere faster than a Nikon lens click.
I recall when the controversy began. Female reporters demanded and hired lawyers to enforce their efforts, to allow them in football dressing rooms after a game so they could, no doubt, ask a probing question like. “Did the noise of the crowd affect your game?”
Don’t get me wrong here There are many women reporters who are as good as men at reporting the news or sports, but I don’t care if she was the niece of Mother Teresa or the granddaughter of Grantland Rice, no woman reporter should be allowed in a dressing room before or after a game. Period.
When the NFL sent out a directive in the 1980s that women reporters had to be given the same access to the dressing room as male reporters, the late Texas Schramm, general manager of the Dallas Cowboys, and an ex-sports writer himself, solved the potential embarrassing and harassing possibilities when he simply posted a notice; “No unauthorized personnel allowed.”. That was in red letters outside the Cowboys dressing room at Texas Stadium
To defer complaints and lawsuits, Tex arranged for an interview room adjoining the forbidden dressing room, and everyone had an equal opportunity to interview players after the game. In most cases, the Cowboys media director would alert the press which player was coming out and in some instances you could request to interview a certain player and most of the time he would show up in the media room.
Tex Schramm in 2003.
I thought it was a great solution to possible embarrassing situations because when a “hot” distaff scribe, as the young woman from Mexico describes herself, enters the dressing room, guys might be coming out of the shower with loose fitting towels, might make a comment intended for a male-only audience, or drop the towel in order to put on his clothes.
Even in the Spurs dressing room after a game, I always waited for the player to either dress in his street clothing or do the interview before he disrobed from his uniform. I don’t know how many times a particular player has asked “Gary, can we do the interview after I dress?”
Unless a professional or college athlete is a little crude, talking to a woman as she holds a microphone in front of you is always an uncomfortable situation.
I can’t imagine a male reporter threatening to call the ACLU to allow him to be inside the dressing room at a WNBA game or during a volleyball tournament.
All the years I studied journalism and reported on sports events from the Little League World Series to the Super Bowl, I was never enticed, encouraged or enthused about getting into a dressing room — male or female — for sake of a deadline or unforgettable quote.
Phyllis George, former Miss Texas and Miss America, reportedly was the first female TV star to cover NFL football She began in the studio and later attended games in person but to my knowledge, I don’t think she ever demanded to do a TV shot in a dressing room.
During the years Phyllis was so popular, CBS sent her to San Antonio for a TV promotion. Management asked me to meet her at the airport since KENS-TV was the CBS affiliate. The Chamber of Commerce red carpet welcoming committee had rolled out the ceremonial rug ,and as Phyllis walked along the carpet, she looked up and when she saw me exclaimed; “Gary DeLaune! I grew up listening to you.” She then gave me a hug and smile and we chatted briefly about her days at the University of North Texas (Denton) and the fact she listened to me on KLIF Radio. She was so gracious and unaffected by her success and didn’t need to create an image as being “the hottest woman on the sideline”.
Anyway, this is just my humble opinion and no doubt networks don’t care about the knowledge a shapely, well-endowed reporter has about football but if she can capture the camera for a few seconds, ratings might be affected.
Heck, all the years and decades I’ve been doing the play-by-play, I’ve had to rely on the over-the-hill athlete reporting from the sideline, and there have been so many ex-players who conveyed their expertise and knowledge that my broadcasts were improved.
I just wonder how good they could have been if Martina McBride had been reporting from the sideline. Or I could have checked to see if Rosie O’Donnell liked football.
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The End of My Reverse Commute May Be In Sight!
So, thinking about my bud George Simmons' "No D-Day" event and what to address in my posting today, and I'm using this opportunity to talk about myself (for a change), and more specifically, my company's planned relocation from the suburbs to the big city, New York City (more specifically, the borough of Manhattan, also known as New York County). I mentioned this in another post from 9/28/2009, but that was only in passing, so you may have missed it.
As more and more businesses have moved out of big cities nationwide into suburban locations, one might assume that a reverse commute would be infinitely easier because theoretically, you're moving against traffic, but the reality isn't quite so rosy. A number of studies over the years have back found that an overwhelming majority of corporate relocations into suburban office parks were typically made within a few short miles of the town that the Chairman/CEOs called their primary residences. Indeed, some suburban locations such as Stamford, Connecticut, are just next door to such infamous towns as Greenwich, CT, which is CEO-Central by most measurements. Earlier this year, The Wall Street Journal reported that Stamford was calling itself (at least locally) "Wall Street North" and has now been forced to try and reinvent itself, mainly to contend with the many problems the financial services industry now faces. Interestingly, that city has successfully landed the filming of several TV shows, among them such trashy daytime shows as "The Jerry Springer Show" and "Maury".
Anyway, the challenge for reverse commuters is first, most transit systems were designed to move large numbers of people into the central cities in the morning and out of the central cities in the evening. The number of commuter trains, buses, subways etc. going in the the opposite direction during those hours are relatively few. Mass transit is simply not coordinated to make reverse commuting in the opposite direction terribly easy. Try taking Boston's "T" commuter trains from Boston into say, Newton, MA in the morning or getting a commuter train FROM the main line into Philly from suburban towns like Haverford, PA at night. It can be done, but the number of trains going in that direction are stacked roughly 8:1 to move commuters INTO the central city in the morning (not so much out) and in the opposite direction in the evening. Traffic patterns validate this, of course, but its a bit like saying that there are no riders because there is no demand, instead of asking if demand might be there if it was more practical to take the train in that direction?
Anyway, one of the downsides of reverse commuting is that it's a big hassle because I HAVE to drive, and my social life outside of work (at least during the week) is pretty limited as a result. One of the supposed benefits of big-city living is supposed to be utilization of frequent, low-cost mass transit, whereby one can read the newspaper or listen to their iPod on the way into work. In the evening, there are plenty of social options that I have foregone to work in the 'burbs, whether it's art exhibits, numerous shows or events, or simply grabbing a beer with friends (who all work in town) after work. In good weather it's great, but in lousy winter weather, its even better because using mass transit means not having to drive on icy freeways or to clear the snow that's accumulated on my car after the snow falls all day on it. Oh, yeah, and its supposedly more "green", too. But since I reverse commute, I'm stuck driving, which I hate. But that's about to end, soon, and I'm pretty psyched about it!!
The lease for my company's Class A office space expires officially in November. Thanks to a weak commercial real-estate market, it happens to be an opportune time to be looking for office space in Manhattan, so this has oppened an opportunity that was once assumed to be out-of-reach for many smaller businesses, including the firm where I work. The only issue now: WHERE in the city will we be? The landlords are seemingly willing to negotiate on most anything that would have been unthinkable just a few years ago, so they haven't signed anything quite yet.
So, with this move, I think my social life will likely improve, my commuting cost will likely decline and most importantly, my commuting aggravation level will plummet. Right now, the only uncertainty is timing (and of course, the final destination, will that be mid-town, downtown -- all TBD right now) of the move. Because the real estate market is weak, the company can also extend the time in our current location on a month-to-month basis so we are likely to remain in suburbia until the end of the year. But the sooner this moves happens, the better!
So I'm really looking forward to having a new office in Manhattan, and not having to drive (or should I say crawl) on the Long Island Expressway (surely that's a misnomer) twice a day. Anyone care to join me after work for a beer when it happens?!
Let me just close by sharing this YouTube clip of Jennifer Saunders (best known for her role as Edina Monsoon on the BBC comedy Absolutely Fabulous, not to mention as the voice of the Fairy Godmother in the animated hit movie Shrek 2). In this video, she parodies Madonna's performance of her video & song "Hung Up":
at Thursday, October 01, 2009
CALpumper aka Crystal said...
Exciting news!! Hope it's sooner rather than later. ;-)
As someone who lives and works in Manhattan, all I can say is: YAY!
Brenda F. Bell said...
There's a reason the LIE is known as "the world's biggest parking lot".
FWIW, in most areas I've lived, there's been as much road congestion on the "reverse commute" as in the more expected direction -- especially in areas where there are one or more large employers in The Exurbs of The Large City, and there are as many suburban-bedroom-community commuters outward- and crossward-bound to the Large Exurban Corporate Campus as there are to The Large City.
k2 said...
YAY for the office move & YAY for Jeffifer Saunders- I LOVE HER!
kelly k
Jaimie said...
Video was funny! Good luck with everything! Interesting to read about east coast commuting...sounds worse than LA!
Hope it all works out for you. I'm spoiled living in a small town. Our biggest problem is stopping when the turkeys are crossing the road.
sara Myers said...
I did the reverse commute to Princeton for several years and got to hate it. Living and working in NYC is much much better and easier. And it is good for the social life too. I'd be happy to join you for a beer when you are settled. Well, actually I'd be drinking something else - like a martini! Good luck with the move!
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Remembering Ray Noorda
Ray Noorda died earlier this week and many of you have sent me notes about his passing. He had a profound influence on many of us in the networking industry and was behind many of the technologies and trends that we now take for granted. As a member of my parents’ generation, he was a father figure and mentor to me and many others.
Noorda ran Novell during its glory years of the early 1980/90s. The Novell of yesteryear bears little resemblance to the present company. It began operations in a small Utah suburb located a few miles from the campus of Brigham Young University, and pulled much of its programming talent from the students at the computer science department there. For those of you that have never been to Provo, it is an odd place to start a high-tech company. Provo is dominated by a wall of mountains to the east and rolling hills to the west. Salt Lake City is about an hour up the freeway, past a prison and a bioweapons campus. Until Novell got going, there wasn’t much in high-tech around. Nowadays, the area is filled with former Novell engineers and staffers who have started hundreds of companies, some of which were funded by a private VC firm that Noorda set up with his Novell-created wealth. Intel had a huge presence there, and many others opened up offices to take advantage of the talent that came to the area.
I met Ray several times, and my career in networking was deeply involved with Novell for many years, as sources for my stories, products that I tested and wrote about, clients for my consulting business, and just friends that I made with the many fine people that worked there.
During Ray’s tenure, Novell owned Unix for a period of time, was the first company to get serious about TCP/IP networking, built the first dedicated PC file servers that were any good, made Ethernet networking cards into a solid commercial business, created the first extensive channel program for networking integrators, sold the first PC database servers that could be easily extended, moved network servers into the datacenter, sold integrated email servers, developed the first usable directory service, and many, many more innovations that now seem so ordinary and business-as-usual. They often had a handle on technologies before any of us really knew what to do with them. I am sure that I am forgetting about a few other things here and there.
If you look at this collection of technologies, it is an impressive list. Many of us learned about networking as Novell brought out new software and services, and went through the certifications on Novell products – certifications that were once worth something: and difficult to obtain, requiring more than just paper knowledge and protocols. I covered numerous product launches as a journalist and they were always fun because you could usually get some Novell executive to open up and give you some colorful background. One of these briefings was held at an exclusive ski lodge in the nearby mountains, which was lost on me because I don’t ski but still was a fun place to go. My first taste of Sundance was through many events that Novell held there, too.
I remember my visit to Japan to introduce that country to its version of PC Week. The visit coincided with Novell’s own Japanese launch and I surprised several American executives when my byline for that event appeared in PC Week. Our first networking shootout for PC Week between Ethernet, Arcnet, and Token Ring cemented many relationships with the parties involved in that test. We got Novell to fix the poorly performing Token Ring drivers, not that anyone cares today about Token Ring or Arcnet for that matter.
Novell stories figured prominently in those first issues of Network Computing, a magazine that I created with plenty of support from Novell in 1990 and is still publishing today. When I first opened up shop as a consultant, one of the first things I did was put a Netware server in the Guggenheim Museum to test products for Intel. I think it was a 386. And while I still have my Netware software discs, I don’t think I could set up a server without a lot of work.
Novell was the first to take advantage of the protected mode of 286 chips, beating IBM’s OS/2 to the punch by a few years. It was this file server that I installed at Transamerica Occidental Life back in the mid 1980s, which was the first LAN to be installed there, despite IBM trying to get us to use their crummy attempts. Thus began my own networking career in IT and then into journalism, where I have covered networking topics ever since.
One of my favorite conference speaking sessions was one Interop where I sat down with Drew Major, the principal architect of Netware, for an hour in front of an audience and just had a great talk about the past, present and future of networking. Drew was the real deal and for many of us the soul of networking. At one point, Interop was combined with Networld, Novell’s annual partner conference.
Ray was far from a perfect leader. His biggest weakness was miscalculating Microsoft’s rapid adoption of many of his principle network ideas into Windows 95. Windows 95 was the first Microsoft OS to incorporate a Netware client as part of the OS, and the beginning of the end for Netware. His biggest mistake was buying Word Perfect, another Utah company that fed off local talent, but bled Novell dry and took it away from its core networking competence. He had plenty of hubris when it came to protecting his intellectual property, and many of the almost comical events surrounding Caldera’s Unix lawsuits can be traced to his early litigation with Microsoft on PC DOS.
Today’s Novell is a shadow of its former self. No one cares about Netware anymore, although it is still in use here and there. Its vast and powerful reseller base is in shambles. They are still involved in Unix, having bought SUSE a few years ago. They still sell a directory service, and it still has features that are lacking in Microsoft’s Active Directory, not that anyone thinks about this either. They moved their HQ across the country.
Ray, thanks for taking this young pup for such a great ride in our industry. Those of you that would like to post your own comments and tributes to him, please go to my blog at Strominator.com or send me emails with permission to post your thoughts.
This entry was posted in newsmaker interviews and tagged a look back by dstrom. Bookmark the permalink.
0 thoughts on “Remembering Ray Noorda”
Tim Crawford on October 13, 2006 at 7:33 am said:
This reminded me of the days that I spent traveling frequently to Provo. I can recall the trips to Sundance, working in Novell’s “SuperLab”, and attending BrainShare. All items (at the time) that would be hard to compare in today’s world. Thanks for the memories…
James Gaskin on October 13, 2006 at 9:23 am said:
Two interesting social network products Novell pioneered that no one remembers: LAN e-mail, and Instant Messaging. In Advanced NetWare 4.16a (the first version I worked with) you could send e-mail to users on the same server, and IM using the SEND command. This was about 1986.
Laura Ramsey on October 13, 2006 at 12:04 pm said:
Ray Noorda was a great boss.
Amy Wohl on October 13, 2006 at 1:30 pm said:
Ray Norda was a pioneer in our industry. I consulted for WordPerfect, Novell, and Ray’s VC company, Canopy (as well as some of his startups) and found him to be a tough but insightful leader.
I felt great sadness that Novell was not able to make the conversion as shifts occurred in the industry, away from a separate network operating system. Trying to be the gatekeeper for UNIX, for example, and trying to compete with Microsoft by acquiring WordPerfect, were simply bad ideas.
On the other hand, Ray invested in many technologies way ahead of their mainstread adoption, and that kind of risk-taking, backed up by industry knowledge, is what makes for his fascinating history.
Alan Marshall on October 13, 2006 at 1:58 pm said:
The thing that stands out in my mind is what a great host he was for me and many others that came a long way to work with Novell in the early days. Just one instance can point that out.
During the days when the Proteon Token Ring (10 Mbps) was getting started, Ray caught on the the advantages Token Ring had over CSMA/CD, notably the ordered access to the medium. This made it much faster under loaded network conditions.
I was out in Provo to help Drew Kyle and the rest of the Engineering team (about 5 people) get drivers working for the ProNet-10. I had to spend the weekend out there to finish the work the next week for a big show in Atlanta.
I did not have a car and was doing rentals on Proteon’s dime during the week. Ray offered to let me have his “Truck” for the weekend so I would not have to foot the bill myself in order to go skiing up at Alta. I couldn’t believe that someone was that hospitable! He was a super talent and superbly sensitive to the people that worked for/with him.
I was saddened to hear of his passing. I will miss him even ‘tho I have not seen him for many years. I will remember him for the great intuitive talent he was in steering Novell to greatness. He had the greatest respect for those that gave their all to help like Drew and Kyle and others.
-ACM
Anand J on October 14, 2006 at 1:37 pm said:
I am a co-founder of Banyan Systems and competed with Novell in the early days of networking. A few years later after Banyan, I had moved to California and was meeting one of Novell’s executives at Hobees’ for breakfast and noticed that Ray was at another table. He came by and greeted us and also recognized me as one of Banyan’s founders. As he paid his bill, I noticed that he bought some food items. Sure enough, he came over to our table gave each one of us a packet of granola and wished us good luck. I always thought this was simple gesture of friendship and goodwill.
Joan Naidish on October 16, 2006 at 2:17 am said:
What a fitting tribute. What you wrote feels so “personal” because you can speak to the events with first-hand knowledge. My introduction to Novell, was not as an IT person, but as a consultant at Regis McKenna Inc. My “supervisor” at the time was the lead on the Novell account and that’s how I wound up, for the most part, becoming involved with networking clients. Looking back, I’m glad it worked out that way. Networking has certainly been, and continues to be, a vibrant, innovative category through all the years I’ve been consulting with high tech clients…and, you’re right, thanks in large part to Ray Noorda. Here I am, 15+ years and many clients later realizing that I still naturally gravitate to clients who offer networking services and products. — Joan Naidish
An interesting stroll down memory lane. As you know, I also cut my teeth on Novell, NetWare 4.61 for the TI Professional Computer! I also installed the first Ethernet network in my organization years ago, with 3Com NIC’s costing $895 each. If memory serves me correctly, it was Noorda who got Novell selling Ethernet NICs for $199 each. The industry wondered how could he possibly sell them that cheap, but Ray understood that selling cheap NICs would help the company sell more NetWare.
You neglected to mention that Ray was actually the VC rescuer of Novell. Drew and crew had done their thing, building the first PC server, but they couldn’t make money. Rumor has it that they were selling the furniture to make payroll when Ray rode in on his horse to save them.
I’m surprised you didn’t mention your presentation to the Novell Technology Transfer Partners conference in North Carolina, maybe ’92?. I’m not sure whether that was Ray’s idea or not, but TTP brought lots of Universities together working towards common technology goals.
Last point. I think you give Novell way too much credit for TCP/IP. My recollection of the situation is that Novell came to TCP/IP kicking and screaming. They wanted IPX to be the true network standard and they argued at length about how superior it was to TCP/IP. Their first TCP/IP gateays products were crude hacks. It took them a long time to fully embrace TCP/IP and I’d be willing to bet that the majority of currently-installed Netware servers are currently running IPX.
But your bottom line is correct. Ray had a significant impact on the industry in many ways. — Dave Molta, Syracuse University and Network Computing magazine
Dave Kearns on October 16, 2006 at 7:49 am said:
Novell came to TCP/IP with pocketbooks open – their purchase of Excelan Systems (and it’s LAN Workplace line) put IP networking onto more Intel desktops than anyone pre-Win95. It also got Uncle Ray the travelling companion he needed in Kanwal Rekhi, who actually seemed to thoroughly enjoy both Ray’s dry wit and his sometimes unbelievable mental blocks.
And don’t forget that it was Ray, via Judith Clarke, who gave us LAN Times – the beginning (or the beginning once removed) of many of our network journalism careers…
strom on October 27, 2006 at 11:17 am said:
Another reader writes:
Roger White was a very early part of Novell, as was I. His account of the history is very accurate and insightful. Only a handful lived the experience from beginning to “end”. Roger was one of the few.
His accounting of the origins of Novell can be found here.
Don Dilley on November 17, 2006 at 7:33 am said:
I was/am one of the first Novell trainers. My first Novell install was on S-Net, Novell’s only hardware server, and have had the opportunity many times over the years to hear Ray Norda’s presentations. Two of the quotes I found most prophetic, “What is good for the networking industry is good for Novell.” and “people respond to change in three basic ways. Some avoid it – they last for 3 seconds. Some adapt to it – they last for 3 months. Other create it – they last for 3 years.”
I like many others who posted here thank Ray for the help he and his company gave to starting my technical career.
don dilley
Alex Jimenez on December 7, 2006 at 9:26 pm said:
Wow the days at Novell in San Jose 1991 (Fortune Drive)right in the middle supporting Netware 3.11, LAN Workplace For DOS and other Novell applications for the programmers. Novell was on fire and I became a CNE while working there. What an ACE in the hole The word was Ray Noorda….
Phillip Kahn in Scotts Valley (Borland)
Bill Gates (Redmond)
Oh how I miss those days…..
Herb Reed on March 17, 2007 at 11:22 am said:
We knew Ray back in the 60’s when he was the head of GE’s Controls Division. My product line at Universal Instrumants, PC Ass’y N/C Instertion machines, was GE’s largest single customer, # of units.
We had been working on the first integrated CNC design for about 2 years and Ray quoted us, but GW
E’s quote and repetative cost was way to high.
We found General Automation in Anahiem and we released the contract to them. The rest ius history, in 6 months we introduced a prototype CNC machine at the Nepcon show in Anahiem. Soon Ray Noorda left GE and became the President of General Automation.
About that time I had been working on a revolutionary idea for a “WorkGroup” of machines with a central database and supervisory consol. With a year the first, yes the first, Network was born and shipped to Western Electric Oklahoma City. Client/Server &/or Peer to peer architecture
was born, in 1971 not in 1973 at PARC!
A short time thereafter Ray left Computer Automation and disappeared in the Salt Lake area. After several years a little company sprung up called Novell, think it was different to start with.
Ray was a fine man of the highest integrity and great industry leader.
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Integrative Medical & Complete Chiropractic Care
Serving Wheaton and Glenview, IL
Integrative Medical Care & Complete Chiropractic Care
Chiropractor in Wheaton, IL
New Patient Health History Form
Integrative Medical Care
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Essential Nutrients your Body Needs
We know that we must eat, not only for enjoyment, but to obtain the essential nutrients which our bodies need. However, understanding the basic categories of food nutrients is necessary to be able to balance the diet for optimal health.
Many people would defer to the U.S Department of Agriculture as a source for information about basic foods and dietary needs. The food pyramid was first published by the USDA in the 1960s, and then updated in 2005, promoting basic food groups to be included in the American diet. The groups included were vegetables, grains, oils and sweets, meat and beans, and dairy products. There was much controversy among health advocates that the food pyramid did not reflect the latest scientific research about dietetics. In 2011, the USDA replaced the food pyramid altogether and published the “My Plate” diagram, indicating that the food groups now recommended are fruits, grains, proteins, vegetables, and dairy products. This is misleading, because it implies that fats are not necessary, and that dairy products are an essential component of a healthy diet. Both of these assumptions are incorrect, and are not supported by current scientific research.
In order to understand what our bodies need, we must know that the body utilizes three basic categories of nutrient molecules, regardless of their food group sources. These categories are the building blocks of all the body’s processes. They are fats, proteins, and sugars, all of which can be obtained from whole, unprocessed foods. Fats and proteins are derived from both plant and animal sources. The fats are further divided into unsaturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fats. Sugars are derived from plant sources, including fruits, vegetables, nuts, and grains. The sugars are further divided into eight essential monosaccharides.
The eight essential sugars which your body needs are glucose, galactose, mannose, fucose, N-acetyl glucosamine, N-acetyl neuranamic acid, N-acetyl galactosamine, and xylose. These essential monosaccharides are all found in various plant sources. Each monosaccharide is essential for different reasons, and must be included in the diet for optimal body functioning. They are used by your body to build glycoproteins and glycolipids. These saccharide structures optimize individual cell to cell communication and thus, healthy organ function. In upcoming articles, we will discuss these essential sugars in detail and how to include them in the diet. But for now, let’s begin to improve our health by including a healthy bowl of salad every day!
–by Sarah Benson, BSN
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_pyramid_(nutrition)
www.webmd.com/diet/guide/types-of-fats-topic-overview
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Kettering Medical Center
Expanding Cancer Care in Dayton
Kettering Health Network, in Ohio, wished to expand its cancer services beyond the Medical Center through a stand-alone Cancer Center. CCS joined Kettering on a campaign that has so far raised $8 million, closing in on its $10 million goal.
Kettering Health Network wished to expand its cancer services beyond the Medical Center through a stand-alone Cancer Center. As the most comprehensive cancer center in the region, it will offer full service, hospital-based, patient-centered cancer care for the mind, body, and spirit. Making this $53 million facility a reality requires $10 million in community investment.
CCS partnered with Kettering to develop the best course of action and messaging to ensure community support for the potentially life-saving Cancer Center. CCS provided leadership support to volunteers and crafted compelling campaign materials, articulating the potential impact of the Cancer Center to the community. To date, the campaign has raised $8.6 million of its $10 million goal.
The Cancer Center will offer complete care to patients in a caring environment, with dedicated patient-centric services and specialized treatments to fight cancer. The center will serve as a single touch point for patients, providing them with a wide range of services. This exceptional campaign has rallied the community and compelled an outpouring of support, including a $1.5 million gift. CCS also had the opportunity to ensure no momentum was lost during a change in the Kettering Medical Center Foundation’s leadership.
A recent $1.5 million gift
88 new donors to the foundation
More than 200 current donors made their largest gift ever to the foundation
UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital Oakland
Temple Street Children’s University Hospital
Nationwide Children’s Hospital Foundation
Mercy Health Services
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Duterte: I ‘killed’ because I thought Arroyo liked it
|July 10,2019 - 10:34 AM
FILE – President Rodrigo Duterte, right, and former President and Speaker Gloria Macapagal Arroyo (AP Photo/Bullit Marquez)
MANILA, Philippines – President Rodrigo Duterte was all praises for former president Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo during the testimonial dinner for the outgoing House Speaker on Tuesday.
Duterte, who was a Davao City mayor when Arroyo was president, described the former chief executive as “the true living icon in Philippine politics and embodiment of strong political will.”
“Perhaps no other chief executive in our history comes close to President Arroyo’s example of carrying out decisive actions even if such actions would prove to be unpopular,” he said in his speech in Manila.
“Indeed, her intuitive and hands-on leadership has carried our nation forward, especially during trying times,” he added.
The President also hailed Arroyo’s “extensive experience as a renowned economist and academic,” which he said “was crucial in laying down the foundations of our country’s steady economic growth during her term, the effects of which are still felt today and will still be felt in the years ahead.”
“During her impressive 27-year career in the legislative and executive branches of government, she became a major figure and was instrumental in crafting policies that made our bullish economy possible,” he said.
Duterte said Arroyo, whom he said was “hard to deal with,” used to call him “in the wee hours of the morning just to listen to me and to seek my advice.”“I was there when you made the decision, one major crucial,” he said without elaborating. He, however, added Arroyo “did not follow me.”
But before he ended his speech which lasted for less than 20 minutes, Duterte, known for his penchant for cracking jokes and who had been accused of being behind the “Davao Death Squad,” said “I was really working for her,” referring to Arroyo when she was still the President.
“Bilib ako sa iyo, Ma’am, kasi you might want to know that even when I was mayor and for the years that President Arroyo was there, I was really working for her,” he said.
“Of course, wala akong pinatay na tao na utos niya. Pinatay ko na lang kasi feeling ko gusto niya,” he added, drawing laughter from the crowd composed mostly of lawmakers from the lower chamber.
2nd Pre-SONA 2019 forum to focus on participatory governance, anti-poverty
Sheryn Regis’ daughter, Lourdes: My mom tells me to follow my dreams
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Tag Archives: Silver Standard
If Restoring the Gold Standard is a Tease, it is a very smart tease—otherwise the Republicans really should endorse a Constitutional Amendment to emphasize the truth and restore some modicum of reality or “honest” to the government—at least to the point of admitting its lies….
Posted on August 26, 2012 by Charles Edward Lincoln III | Leave a comment
I would actually support a straight constitutional restoration of gold AND silver as the sole media of legal tender in the United States—not just gold and not just silver. Otherwise the Constitution should be amended in an effort to restore honesty and integrity to the government. We could, for example, restore ancient Indo-European currency based on cattle (“fee” and “pecuniary” are just two of the words we have inherited from our cattle-exchanging ancestors), mix it with the ancient Aztec-Maya “Cacao” standard that operated for at least two thousand years before the Spanish conquest in Mexico, but the “credit” standard based on an empty Federal Reserve (empty of substance, but papered over full of lies) has got to stop! It would almost redeem Romney—almost, if he would endorse a restoration of Constitutional Currency—or to amend the Constitution to authorize “fiat currency based on nothing, issued by a private bank in the name of the U.S. Treasury.”
The Original U.S. Constitution of 1787 states, in Article I, Section 10:
“No State shall enter into any Treaty, Alliance, or Confederation; grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal; coin Money; emit Bills of Credit; make any Thing but gold and silver Coin a Tender in Payment of Debts; pass any Bill of Attainder, ex post facto Law, or Law impairing the Obligation of Contracts, or grant any Title of Nobility.”
Article I, Section 8, Clause 5 stated [Congress shall have Power … ] To coin Money, regulate the Value thereof, and of foreign Coin, …;
Note that there is no such prohibition against Congress, or any delegated power to make anything legal tender. Congress was originally understood to have no power to make anything legal tender outside of federal territories, under Art. I Sec. 8 Cl. 17 and Art. IV Sec. 3 Cl. 2, but in 1868 a Supreme Court packed by Pres. Ulysses S. Grant, in the Legal Tender Cases, allowed Congress to make paper currency issued by the U.S. Treasury, backed by gold, legal tender on state territory, a precedent that remains controversial to this day, when courts allow paper currency not backed by anything to be considered “legal tender”.
Seventh Amendment
The only money amount in the Constitution or its amendments is in the Seventh Amendment regarding civil jury trials:
In Suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise re-examined in any Court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law.
In 1789 the “dollar” was a coin, the Spanish (Austrian-Bohemian-Habsburg-Imperial originated) taler, mostly those minted in Mexico City, Havana, Cartagena, or Lima, containing 371.25 grains of pure silver, or 416 grains of silver of standard (coin grade) purity.
A troy ounce, the standard measurement unit for precious metals, is 480 grains, so a “dollar” contains 0.7734 troy ounce of pure silver, and 20 such coins would weigh 17.3333 troy ounces and contain 15.46875 troy ounces of pure silver. One can use one of several historically analyzed currency converters to to find out what the current value of that amount of bulk silver would be in federal reserve notes. For example, on June 15, 2000, $20 dollars in Spanish Silver would have been worth about $87.71 in federal reserve notes, but the price is much higher now. However, keep in mind that the world trading price for gold or silver is the bulk, wholesale price, for ingots, in minimum quantities of 400 troy ounces, and the trading is generally only a tranfer of title and not a physical delivery of the ingots, for which an additional transport charge may be made. As single coins it would have about twice that bulk value, so the constitutional threshold under the Eighth Amendment would (in 2000 again) have been closer to $176 in federal reserve notes. That would be the minimum “value in controversy” that would preserve the right to trial by jury in a civil case.
Since Congress has the power to set weights and measures, Congress could regulate the exchange rate between gold and silver and “the dollar” if Constitutional currency, or any mix of Constitutional and traditional substantive economic currency in cattle, sheep, cacao, or cowrie shells were ever to be restored. But this week, the focus on on the sad Republicans.
Republicans tease with gold standard, but idea seen full of bugs
Reuters – 2 hrs 46 mins ago
NEW YORK (Reuters) – U.S. Republicans have all but guaranteed the backing of the “gold vote” this November by raising an idea that even the most bullish mainstream bullion boosters believe is unrealistic – a return to the gold standard.
Gold prices would likely surge to $10,000 an ounce, the greenback’s credibility would vanish and global superpowers would risk a new trade war if Republicans were to restore the link between the U.S. dollar and gold that was severed 40 years ago.
But that isn’t stopping Republicans from considering the idea, who will call for a commission to look at restoring a fixed value for the dollar, according to a draft of the party platform to be adopted at theRepublican National Convention that begins on Monday in Tampa, Florida.
Gold has returned to the political discourse recently with the growing prominence of politicians like Ron Paul, the congressman from Texas who has said that he decided to enter politics on the day thatPresident Richard Nixon shut the “gold window” in 1971, and with the Tea Party, which helped Utah pass a law last year to make gold legal tender.
But their support won’t change the practical hurdles that would face such a wrenching shift in the currency system, one likely to have catastrophic effects on trade and growth.
To back the U.S. monetary based currently at around $2.56 trillion by the 262 million ounces of gold held by the United States government means bullion prices would soar as high as $10,000 an ounce, Capital Economics strategists said.
A sudden appreciation of the dollar’s value would crush the greenback’s credibility as the world’s reserve currency and severely undermine the international trade balance.
“It is hard to conceive of the circumstances under which no one would want to hold any dollars,” they said.
The World Gold Council, a trade group funded by gold mining companies to promote the many uses of bullion, including by investors, deems such a move “unlikely,” citing international disagreement over the converting price and the fact that annual growth in gold stock may not match the monetary base.
Even the Gold Anti-Trust Action Committee (GATA), a group dedicated to exposing what its founders say is a conspiracy by Wall Street banks, the Federal Reserve and others to depress the price of goldand silver, doesn’t see it happening.
At best they’re hoping that the RNC will provoke an audit of U.S. holdings, proving GATA’S claim of a conspiracy.
“It really would be something for the Republican platform to call for a truly independent audit of the Fed and U.S. gold reserves,” said GATA’s chairman, Bill Murphy, a former Boston Patriots wide receiver who worked as a commodity broker on Wall Street before founding GATA in 1998.
CENBANKS STOCK UP
Despite widespread disbelief, a reintroduction of the gold standard has gained more support in recent years amid an intensifying debate over how to tackle U.S. debt levels and spending, and increased global anxiety over the stability of fiat currencies – a government-issued currency whose value is based on the issuer’s guarantee to pay the face amount on demand.
“The idea is that it forces the U.S. to live within its means,” said Mark Luschini, chief investment strategist of broker-dealer Janney Montgomery Scott, which has around $54 billion in assets under management. “Think of it as a person with a debit card rather than a credit card. The debit card holder can only spend to what he or she has in the bank.”
Governments abroad are also renewing their interest in owning gold as part of their reserves due to economic uncertainty. World central banks as a group became net buyers in 2010 after two decades of net sales. Official-sector purchase is on track to rise to a record high this year, WGC said.
The world official sector currently held about 29,500 tonnes, or 17 percent of the world’s above-ground stocks. This compares to 19 percent held by investors and nearly half of the stocks made into gold jewelry.
REAGAN REDUX
The Republican proposal is reminiscent of a Gold Commission created by President Ronald Reagan in 1981, 10 years after President Richard Nixon broke the link between gold and the dollar during the 1971 oil crisis.
Reagan’s commission ultimately supported the status quo, saying “restoring the gold standard does not appear to be a fruitful method for dealing with the continuing problem of inflation.”
In 1973, the U.S. government raised the official dollar price of gold to $42.22 per ounce. A year later, Americans were permitted to own gold other than just jewelry.
The U.S. Congressional Budget Office warned on Wednesday that massive government spending cuts and tax hikes due next year will cause even worse economic damage than previously thought if Washington fails to come up with a solution.
REAL POLITICAL MOTIVE
Instead of planning for a gold standard return, the Republicans are trying to placate supporters at next week’s RNC and to gain more firepower in the party’s promoting responsible U.S. fiscal and monetary policies in the upcoming federal elections in November, analysts said.
Minutes from the Federal Reserve’s latest meeting suggests the U.S. central bank will adopt stimulus fairly soon unless economic conditions improve dramatically. Some expect Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke could use his speech at the central bank’s gathering in Jackson Hole, Wyoming, at the end of this month to send a strong message to markets.
“Examining a return to the gold standard is one avenue to show the public and markets a level of seriousness about the U.S. dollar, monetary policy and the budget deficit,” said Jeffrey Wright, managing director of Global Hunter Securities.
(Editing by Leslie Adler)
Tagged Article 1 Section 10, Article I Section 8 Clause 3, Article I Section 8 Clause 5, Congress, Constitution of 1787, Constitutional currency, Federal Reserve, fiat currency, Gold and Silver Currency, gold standard, Republicans, Silver Standard, U.S. Treasury
July 18 in History—-Great Fire of Rome under Nero, A.D. 64, End of Papal Authority in England under King Henry VIII in 1536, Adolf Hitler’s Mein Kampf published in 1925 Edward Kennedy Drive’s off Chappaquiddick Bridge in 1969 while Apollo 11 Heading Towards the Moon—thoughts Tom Lehrer’s “The Year that Was” = 1965, also the first year without silver coinage in U.S. History, the year of (truly deadly) Immigration and Nationality Act if 1965, the Voting Rights Act of 1965, and the time-setting for Wes Anderson’s movie “Moonrise Kingdom”—with memories of an America that is truly Gone with the Wind….and July 18-23 there was massive flooding in Missouri….
Posted on July 18, 2012 by Charles Edward Lincoln III | Leave a comment
I went to see Moonrise Kingdom for the Third Time last night and was reflecting on the significance of the choice of 1965 as the historical setting for a nostalgic movie about an all-white American small town community such as hardly exists anymore. 1965 was the subject of Tom Lehrer’s wonderful album of political and social satire called “The year that was”—“this year being the hundredth anniversary of the end of the Civil War, the 20th anniversary of the end of World War II, it’s been a good year for the War Buffs.” He also noted that Malcolm X was assassinated that year on February 21, the first day of National Brotherhood Week, Winston Churchill died at the age of 90, and the nation trembled at the threat of Southern Resistance to Federal Power from Sheriff Clark in Georgia and (in a song about Nuclear Proliferation: “we’ll try to stay serene and calm, when ALABAMA gets the BOMB… who’s next? who’s next? who’s next? WHO’S NEXT?” The Heroic George Corley Wallace was then in his first term as Governor of that same terrifying Alabama… his first term was completed in 1966 and his wife Lurleen took over—as I’ve noted before, Lurleen in her short political career founded the school of theatre and dramatic arts which Suzanne Collins (author of the Hunger Games) attended. If Lehrer could have foreseen the future in 1965, he probably also would have mentioned that this was Jim Garrison’s greatest year as District Attorney of Orleans Parish in New Orleans, when he began the investigations which ultimately led to his indictment of Clay Shaw for the Assassination of John F. Kennedy and the greatest of all of Oliver Stone’s movies, JFK.
1965 was indeed a critical year for the death of a much simpler, and a much better, America I knew only in its death agony years of 1966-1980 (I think it’s fair to say that, with the election of Ronald Wilson Reagan, the “Old America” was officially dead—it was Reagan’s job and role in history, in fact, to bury that old America even while he praised it….and appointed on fake conservative after another to stomp on the Old Constitutional Federal Republic’s grave….).
On a personal level, I did not know America at all in 1965 (except through TV and letters from my grandmother—people still wrote actual physical letters back then)—it was the last full year I was resident with my parents as toddler/small child in England. My direct memories of the year are pretty much nil, the shock of relocating from Sloane Square in London, England to Highland Park in Dallas, Texas, was probably a much more powerful memory eraser than those flashes they use in “Men in Black”, especially at the age of 6…. But in 1965, there was the disastrous Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 which set out to destroy whatever remained of the hopes that Adolf Hitler must have had in 1925 that America would be the future home and center of the “Greater German” race…. That was the year when Pakistanis and Indians were first invited to take over America’s gas stations, late night convenience stores, and motels.
And in fact, oddly enough, one of my earliest memories of an American businessman not related to me was of a certain “Mr. Lewis”—an elegant Southern White man who owned ran the Texaco station within walking distance (albeit “on the other side of the tracks”) from the Highland Park “Katy” Railway station.
Yes, there really was such a place, and yes, I really did learn how to walk or bike from my grandparents’ house to which I relocated in the summer of 1966 to Mr. Lewis’ filling station to buy “a penny’s worth of peanuts”—which was actually an extremely large cloth bag, probably about 2 lbs if memory serves. Yes, that was a very different world. Mr. Lewis was white (he lived just a few doors down from his Texaco Station, which he had operated probably for 30 years by the time I met him and continued to operate until he died around 1980 or so) and all of his employees were white, and nobody ever thought anything of it then, and probably nobody else now remembers him or his employees except me, but I’m writing it all down as a historical fact because it was.
The first important historical fact I ever learned about 1965, I learned by the time I was nine because I had by then become an avid coin collector: 1965 was that the year that the U.S. stopped minting silver coins. That in itself (the abolition of silver coinage) was a great tragedy, but I didn’t learn until much later that the U.S. actually went off the Silver Standard, and thus (apparently) forever abandoned Constitutional Currency. Coppernickel dimes, quarters, and fifty cent pieces just never looked quite right side-by-side with their silver predecessors.
By about 1974-75, finishing High School at 14, taking a year off to go with my grandfather while he supervised cleaning and lubrication processes in cold climates during the construction of the first Trans-Alaska Oil Pipeline from Anchorage to Point Barrow, and then starting my undergraduate college years at Tulane University (in August 1975, when I was 15, with a fake ID so I could drink), I had learned that August of 1965 was the year of the great “Voting Rights Act” which Texas to this very day (July 2012) is contesting in Federal Court, even though it was passed under the signature of the first Texas President, who was (in retrospect) the most disloyal to his state that any President could possibly be.
July 18, Anno Domini 64 Great fire of Rome: A fire begins to burn in the merchant area of Rome and soon burns completely out of control while Emperor Nero reportedly plays his lyre and sings while watching the blaze from a safe distance.
July 18, Anno Domini 390 “BC – Roman-Gaulish Wars: Battle of the Allia – A Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls, leading to the subsequent sacking of Rome.”
July 18, 1100 Jerusalem’s Godfrey of Bouillon dies at age 39 after successful forays against the Seljuk Turks that have taken him as far as Damascus
July 18, 1195 “Battle of Alarcos, great victory of Almohad ruler Abu Yusuf Ya’qub al-Mansur over the Castilian King Alfonso VIII.”
July 18, 1536 Henry VIII declares himself the Head of the Church of England, having been “Fidei Defensor” for about 15 years already.
July 18, 1536 The authority of the Pope is declared void in England.
July 18, 1656 Polish-Lithuanian forces clashes with Sweden and its Brandenburg allies in the start of what is to be known as The Battle of Warsaw which ends in a decisive Swedish victory.
July 18, 1753 “Lemuel Haynes, escapes from slaveholder in Framingham Mass”
July 18, 1779 Commodore Abraham Whipple’s squadron captures 11 prizes in largest prize value of Revolutionary War.
July 18, 1792 “John Paul Jones dies in Paris, France”
July 18, 1813 “U.S. Frigate President captures British Daphne, Eliza Swan, Alert and Lion” during the War of 1812.
July 18, 1814 British capture Prairie du Chien (Wisc) during the War of 1812….the British Couldn’t Figure out what to do with a town called “Prairie of the Dog” and this made them more willing to negotiate peace by November—which they did, only to lose the first land Battle of the War which they actually lost, namely the Battle of New Orleans, on January 8, 1815.
July 18, 1830 Uruguay adopts its first constitution. No one anywhere else really noticed or cared, but there were very few Nazi German escapees in South America at this point, so it wasn’t all that critical anyhow…
July 18, 1853 “The first train to cross the US-Canada boundary, Portland, Maine – Montréal, Quebec”
July 18, 1857 “Louis Faidherbe, French governor of Senegal, arrives to relieve French forces at Kayes, effectively ending El Hajj Umar Tall’s war on the French.” These were indeed the early days of the French Foreign Legion. The French Foreign Legion still exists and the French are still fighting the Muslims who came in from North Africa and decided France was a better place to live…. Vive Marine Le Pen….
July 18, 1861 American Civil War: Skirmish at Blackburn’s Ford prior to First Battle of Bull Run (1st Battle of Manassas). Robert E. Lee should have marched on Washington at this point, but he made his first critical mistake by failing to do so—he was too much of a gentleman, as it turned out, ever to really win a war….
July 18, 1872 Britain introduces secret ballot voting.
July 18, 1872 The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland introduces voting by secret ballot.
July 18, 1873 Oscar II of Sweden-Norway is crowned king of Norway in Trondheim.
July 18, 1914 “The U.S. Congress forms the Aviation Section, U.S. Signal Corps, this gives definite status to aircraft within the U.S. Army for the first time.”
July 18, 1914 “US army air service first comes into being, in the Signal Corps”
July 18, 1918 US & French forces launch Aisne-Marne offensive in WW I
July 18, 1920 Naval aircraft sink ex-German cruiser Frankfurt in target practice.
July 18, 1925 Adolf Hitler publishes his personal manifesto Mein Kampf.
July 18, 1925 First edition of Mein Kampf is published.
July 18, 1931 The first air-conditioned ship (Mariposa) launched
July 18, 1932 US & Canada signed a treaty to develop St Lawrence Seaway
July 18, 1936 “Spanish Civil War: Francisco Franco’s rebellion reaches peninsular Spain and the Fallangists (Fascists) conquer Galicia, west Castile, west Andalucia and Aragon.” Essentially, Franco’s victory by this time was assured.
July 18, 1938 “Douglas “”Wrong Way”” Corrigan arrives in Ireland-left New York for California” —you’d think he would have noticed that the Midwest had an awful lot of water in it—before he landed in Ireland, anyhow….
July 18, 1940 “Democratic National Convention, Chicago: President Franklin D. Roosevelt is nominated for an unprecedented third term in office.” This event, of course, was a necessary precursor to the abolition of the Silver Standard and Silver Coinage in 1965, and was not UNrelated to the Immigration & Nationality Act of 1965, in that World War II was a necessary pre-requisite to the abolition of an identity-conscious/identity proud America.
July 18, 1940 “The first successful helicopter flight, Stratford, Ct”
July 18, 1942 “Messerschmitt Me 262 Schwalbe, first jet fighter, takes first flight”
July 18, 1942 The first legal NJ horse race in 50 years; Garden State Park track opens
July 18, 1943 “German submarine shoots down K-47, the first and only U.S. airship lost during WW II.”
July 18, 1944 World War II: Hideki Tojo resigns as Prime Minister of Japan due to numerous setbacks in the war effort.
July 18, 1947 US receives UN trusteeship over Pacific Islands
July 18, 1951 Jersey Joe Walcott KOs Ezzard Charles in 5 for heavyweight belt
July 18, 1951 Uruguay accepts its constitution
July 18, 1953 Rock star Elvis Presley made his first recording in Sun Studios.
July 18, 1955 The first electric power generated from atomic energy sold commercially
July 18, 1959 The first black to win a major golf tournament (William Wright)
July 18, 1963 Number one hit on UK music charts – Frank Ifield – Confessin’
July 18, 1964 Race riot in Harlem (NYC); riots spread to Bedford-Stuyvesant (Bkln)
July 18, 1965 “Zond 3 launched to fly by Moon, enters solar orbit”
July 18, 1966 “Bobby Fuller rocker (I Fought the Law), found dead”
July 18, 1966 “Launch of Gemini 10 with LCDR John W. Young, USN as Command Pilot. Mission involved 43 orbits at an altitude of 412.2 nautical miles and lasted 2 days, 22 hours, and 46 minutes. Recovery was by HS-3 helicopter from USS Guadalcanal (LPH-7).”
July 18, 1967 Silver hits record $1.87 an ounce in NY
July 18, 1968 Intel incorporates
July 18, 1968 “Vietnam War: The two-day Honolulu Conference begins in Honolulu, Hawaii between US President Lyndon B. Johnson and South Vietnamese President Nguyen Van Thieu.”
July 18, 1969 “After a party on Chappaquiddick Island, Senator Ted Kennedy from Massachusetts drives an Oldsmobile off a wooden bridge into a tide-swept pond and his passenger, Mary Jo Kopechne, dies.”
July 18, 1969 “Barbara Pepper actress (Doris Ziffel-Green Acres), dies at 57”
July 18, 1969 “Joe Namath agrees to sell interest in Bachelors 3, to stay in NFL”
July 18, 1969 Mary Jo Kopechne & Sen Kennedy plunge off Chappaquiddick bridge
July 18, 1970 Arthur Brown arrested for stripping on stage in Palemo Sicily
July 18, 1970 Ron Hunt gets hit by a pitch for a record 119th time
July 18, 1970 “Willie Mays hits # 3,000”
July 18, 1972 “200,000 attend Mt Pocono rock festival in Penns”
July 18, 1973 “British actor Jack Hawkins actor, dies at 62”
July 18, 1974 “World’s tallest structure, 646-m Polish radio mast, completed”
July 18, 1976 “Gymnast Nadia Comaneci, age 14, scores first ever perfect 10 at the Olympics.”
July 18, 1976 “Thiokol conducts 2-min firing of space shuttle’s SRB at Brigham, Ut”
July 18, 1977 Vietnam joins the United Nations.
July 18, 1978 Egyptian & Israeli officials begin 2 days of talks
July 18, 1979 Gold hits record $303.85 an ounce in London
July 18, 1980 Billy Joel’s Glass Houses album tops charts
July 18, 1980 “Rohini 1, first Indian satellite, launches into orbit”
July 18, 1982 “268 campesinos (“”peasants”” or “”country people””) are slain in the Plan de Snchez massacre in Ros Montt’s Guatemala.”
July 18, 1984 James Huberty kills 21 McDonalds patrons in San Ysidro Calif
July 18, 1984 James Oliver Huberty shot by police after killing 21 in McDonalds
July 18, 1984 “McDonald’s massacre in San Ysidro, California: In a fast-food restaurant, James Oliver Huberty opens fire, killing 21 people and injuring 19 others before being shot dead by police.”
July 18, 1984 Walter F Mondale wins Democratic presidential nomination in SF
July 18, 1986 A tornado is broadcast live on KARE television in Minnesota when the station’s helicopter pilot makes a chance encounter.
July 18, 1986 Videotapes released showing Titanic’s sunken remains
July 18, 1987 Molly Yard elected new pres of Natl Org for Women
July 18, 1987 Yanks Don Mattingly ties major league record of HRs in 8 cons games
July 18, 1989 “Actress Rebecca Schaeffer is shot by a crazed fan, prompting California to pass America’s first anti-stalking law in 1990.”
July 18, 1992 The ten victims of the La Cantuta massacre disappeared from their university in Lima.
July 18, 1995 “On the Caribbean island of Montserrat, the Soufriere Hills volcano erupts. Over the course of several years, it devastates the island, destroying the capital and forcing most of the population to flee.”
July 18, 1996 “In an event very similar to the Oklahoma tornado that would occur three years later, an F5 tornado hit the town of Oakfield, Wisconsin.”
July 18, 1996 “Storms provoke severe flooding on the Saguenay River, beginning one of Qubec’s costliest natural disasters ever.”
July 18, 1997 8000 low-caste Indians riot in Mumbai (Bombay) following a funeral for 10 children who had been killed by police.
July 18, 1998 “A 23-foot tidal wave kills nearly 3,000 people in Papua New Guinea.”
July 18, 2001 “In Baltimore, Maryland, a 60-car train derails in a tunnel, sparking a fire that lasted for days and virtually brought downtown Baltimore to a standstill.”
Tagged 1965, A.D. 64, AD 64, Adolf Hitler's Mein Kampf, Alabama, Alaska, Anglo-American Whites, Fake Conservative, fake ID, First Edition Mein Kampf, Franklin Delano Roosevelt's Third Term Nomination, Gaulish Sack of Rome A.D. 390, George Corley Wallace, Georgia, Great Fire of Rome, Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965, Immigration Reform 1965, JFK, JFK the movie, Jim Garrison, Lurleen Wallace, Malcolm X, Mein Kampf 1925, Moonrise Kingdom, National Immigration Reform Act of 1965, Nero, Oliver Stone, Ronald Reagan, Ronald Wilson Reagan, Sack of Rome 390, Sheriff Clark, Silver Coinage, Silver Standard, Suzanne Collins, The Hunger Games, The Year that Was, Tom Lehrer, Tulane University, Voting Rights Act of 1965, When Alabama Gets the Bomb, White Majority, Winston Churchill, Winston Spencer Churchill
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Boot Camps for Boys in Fort Washington, MD Can Help Troubled Boys, if They Are Like Gateway Military Academy. – private therapeutic schools and Christian boarding schools.
Boot Camps for Boys in Fort Washington, MD
Home » Boot Camps for Boys in Fort Washington, MD
Boot Camps in Fort Washington, MD Can Help Troubled Teens, if They Are Like Gateway Boys Academy
Are you searching for boot camps near Fort Washington, Maryland to deal with a rebellious teen? See how boot camps can help troubled teens and look at how Gateway’s program may be even more successful for your teen.
If your teen shows deliberate disregard for authority, forever displays defiant behavior, gets into regular and growing trouble with the law, and shows no cooperation in school, perhaps a boot camp can help straighten out your troubled teen.
Boot Camps in Fort Washington, Maryland Can Help Boys Learn to Respect Authority
Public conception gives military academies, especially boot camps, a reputation for making out-of-control teens get back on the straight and narrow path. In truth, there are several positive ways in which boot camps can help troubled teens. Boot camps offer a crash course in discipline, personal integrity and respect for authority. Programs like these can send a wake-up call to a teen who might otherwise ruin his life with crime. For those who respond well to it, boot camps can give them a new understanding of the consequences of their actions. For some teens, boot camps can initially help them move from destructive habits, to more appropriate behavior. But those bad attitudes often return.
Despite the fact that boot camps can help troubled teens in some cases, most adolescent issues are much more complex than they appear on the surface and are only the symptoms of other emotional problems. Boot camps focus entirely on forcing compliance; they do not include the therapeutic support to help teens resolve the true root issues. For teens exhibiting anxiety, depression, drug or alcohol use, poor self-esteem, emotional disorders, and in fact most instances of rebellious behavior, the strict discipline of the boot camp environment may prove harmful instead, if it isn’t set up in a way that the discipline is coupled with Christian love and support.
Most boot camps in Fort Washington, MD on their own will not address family concerns but simply return a somewhat more respectful teen to the same home environment in which he was struggling. Then he will return to old habits. For this reasons, boot camps in Fort Washington, MD may be a short-term solution at best, and may be harmful to the teen at worst. Fact is, teens often revert to past behavior after returning home from short-term boot camps, because the length of the program doesn’t make the good attitudes, respect and discipline a habit in their life.
If you find that a traditional short-term boot camp is not the best choice for your teen, but you still like the idea of what a boot camp teaches, Gateway another option that combines the strengths of the military style with the therapeutic aspect of a therapeutic boarding school. Gateway, in the Panhandle of Florida, is a Christian military boarding school that has worked with – and brought healing to- struggling teenage boys and their families from homes all across the country for more than 20 years. Struggling teenage boys from Fort Washington, Maryland and other places benefit from an accredited education, counseling and instruction, instruction in military drill and history, and the discipline for which boot camps are renowned. Gateway offers a loving staff that cares deeply about each teen. Gateway is a military-style school that features several essential components that are typically absent from boot camps. Those include:
Caring staff and mentors who provide positive role models and constructive input, not simply breaking teens down.
Biblical instruction and spiritual focus, to help teens discover the true source of lasting heart change.
Counseling, to help teens address issues and replace self-destructive patterns with healthy new habits.
Family restoration through Biblical instruction and seminars for parents and families.
Boot camps can help troubled teens if they are coupled with an ongoing program like Gateway offers. We invite you to look beyond Fort Washington, Maryland, for what may be the best situation your boy…a program with a boot camp element, but also ongoing instruction and therapy for a longer period of time.
More about boot camps for boys in or near Fort Washington, Maryland:
Fort Washington is an unincorporated area and census-designated place in Prince George’s County, Maryland, in the suburbs of the capital city of the United States of America, Washington, D.C., south of the downtown district. It is a prosperous community with an African American majority population. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 23,717. The Fort Washington community is located west of Maryland Route 210, with some additional area to the east of the highway.
Excerpt about boot camps for boys in Fort Washington, Maryland, used with permission from Wikipedia.
Should you need help finding boarding schools, boarding schools, therapeutic schools or therapeutic schools, please let us know. Boarding schools for boys, like this Teen Challenge military school for boys and boys homes, offers behavioral therapy for troubled teen boys and teen counseling in a structured boarding school setting. Unlike most boot camps and military schools, Gateway is a long-term residential program that helps at-risk teenage boys; boys with anger, oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), attention deficit disorder (ADD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Gateway no longer operates like boot camps or military schools but retains the structure and discipline of military academies. Our school is similar to military schools and can be referred to as a “school for troubled teens”. Such troubled teen schools and residential treatment programs for teens are often quite costly, but this one of few military academies and residential schools for teens that is affordable.
Boot Camps for Boys in Fort Washington, MD Can Help Troubled Boys, if They Are Like Gateway Military Academy.
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The Disability Collection hits a thousand diverse photographs on its first anniversary
Today is the first anniversary of The Disability Collection, a growing stock photography library that hopes to better represent people with disabilities.
Launched exactly a year ago by Global Accessibility Awareness Day, Getty Images, Verizon Media, and the National Disability Leadership Alliance (NDLA), it has grown to include over 1,000 curated images.
It has been thoughtfully curated in partnership with the NDLA, a cross-disability coalition led by 17 national organisations headed by people with disabilities, and follows a stringent set of photographic guidelines that prioritise intersectionality.
The development of The Disability Collection was informed by six disability-specific focus groups conducted by Verizon Media, as well as a quantitative survey to over 1,000 respondents to learn how the disability community wanted to see themselves represented in imagery, what instructions they would give photographers and stereotypes to avoid. This co-curation is unique among visual representation campaigns and the work contributed by the members of the NDLA was core to creating this authentic and empowering collection.
“Creating and curating images that show people with disabilities in an honourable, honest, and human ways on this scale has never been done before,” said Lawrence Carter-Long, communications director for the Disability Rights Education & Defence Fund for the National Disability Leadership Alliance.
“Partnering with Getty Images and Verizon Media on The Disability Collection has prioritised centring people with disabilities in ways that allow us to shape and decide how we want to be represented in the media and beyond. That, in turn, influences how we view ourselves within society. More often than not, disabled people are left out of pop culture narratives. The Disability Collection is making great strides in creating a world in which we all feel, and are, seen. That’s progress.”
The collection intentionally depicts people with disabilities in the full spectrum of human experiences that make up daily life; includes a diverse range of socioeconomic status, age, gender, ethnicity, and sexuality; and portrays real people rather than actors portraying disability. Importantly, it also was designed to avoid only representing the stereotypical narrative of “overcoming” disability and instead accurately pictures disability as one aspect of a person’s identity.
In the past year, Getty Images has seen an increase in searches for disability-related images on www.gettyimages.com. The term ‘disability’ was up 98% from 2017 to 2018. Additionally, new search terms have appeared over the past 12 months since the creation of this partnership. These include ‘learning disabled’, ‘intellectually disabled’ and ‘disabled employee.’
“Until now, it has been difficult for companies and small businesses to find modern, dignified and diverse images of people with disabilities. The Disability Collection changes that,” said Mike Shebanek, head of Accessibility at Verizon Media. “It’s now easy for them to find and use images and have the assurance that they authentically reflect and include the audiences they serve. And people prefer to engage with brands that are inclusive.
“In our research, we found that 70% of people would feel more positively toward a brand if its advertising featured people with disabilities. The Disability Collection is a game-changer by solving the practical issues of finding authentic images and elevating conversations we should be having about diverse representation on a societal level.”
Learn more at www.thedisabilitycollection.com.
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← Zatoichi: The Blind Swordsman. Disc 5
Every Man for Himself, Jean-Luc Godard, 1980 →
Salò, or the 120 Days of Sodom, Pier Paolo Pasolini, 1974
My first viewing of Salò is one of those memorable experiences that I’ll never forget. It was shocking, disgusting, disturbing, and at times even humorous. I did not go in expecting an artistic statement on politics or society. I expected something so shocking that it would be difficult to watch. It was a test of my stomach rather than my intellect. While I could not say that I “liked” the film, I did find myself impressed with it. Having seen it once, I never expected or wanted to revisit, much less write about it.
As I embarked on this project, Salò lurked in the back of my mind. I purchased it when working to complete my collection, and promptly stuffed it under a number of other discs. Even though the Criterion arrived in a nice Digipak case, this was not one I wanted to explain to visitors.
The decision to revisit it came when I saw that The Wrong Reel (link) did a live commentary track. These are guys that I’ve vibed with on Twitter, partly because of their sense of humor, and partly because of their film taste and knowledge. Since I knew I was going to revisit someday, I figured I would take the plunge with some company, so to speak. We made a few jokes after I decided to try it, yet I still dreaded revisiting and was not expecting to change my opinion. That said, I approached this with an open mind and a willingness to reconsider it as a work of art.
In case you are not in the know, Salò is a fictional story of some Italian fascists who, toward the end of the Second World War incarcerate a group of young men and women. They play sadistic games with the children, some sexual, some violent, and some flat out cruel. They exhibit absolute power over their prisoners and this gave them pleasure. In case you have not seen it, be warned that there is nudity, violence, torture, homosexuality, sadism, etc. If you can think of something terrible, there’s a good chance it is in this film. Salò is not for the faint of heart or stomach.
The Wrong Reel commentary was exactly what I needed to take the edge off. They approached it with humor, yet they also took it seriously in many instances and brought up some thought provoking questions. I’m going to springboard off of some of their points before delving into my own analysis.
Early on in the movie, just when the children are being rounded up and we introduce their captors, The Wrong Reel guys have a discussion about how these Fascists arrived at such a place of depravity. The answer is in the question. These people had been through the war, seen and probably already done terrible, inexplicable things, far worse than they would force on their subjects over these 120 days. One of these sick individuals references his “frustrated desire.” He has been through so much that it takes atrocities in order for him to get aroused. He is just as much a product of the war as his victims. While he and his cohorts may appear to take pleasure in these acts, there are moments of weakness where they show hints of incredulity and shame at what is taking place.
The prostitute and her stories divides the decadence.
Another point that impressed me was that many of the jokes (which included references to Woody Allen, South Park, and many others) were either sexual or toilet humor. They were funny, and that made it easier to endure the film again, but the guys pontificated as they were joking as to what that says about our culture. The fact that we can laugh at something this provocative and gruesome through infantile jokes speaks to our own immaturity and the puritanical nature of America. I’m not indicting the Wrong Reel guys because I laughed right along with them. They were more than aware of this double standard and wondered whether their reaction is a product of their own culture and upbringing, acknowledging that they cannot take consciously distance themselves from their background. Since sexual topics are taboo, a graphic film from the 1970s still allows us to get the giggles in a playful, embarrassing way. While the film was seen as graphic across the globe, it is telling that it was banned in Italy for the political themes, whereas it was banned in NYC for the adult content. They and I were not offended, but instead looked for humor within the taboo.
Another interesting topic was the contrast of James and Mikhail. James is close to my age, so we grew up at a time when nude magazines were rare and taboo. Mikhail is the “token millennial,” as they called him, so he has grown up with access to pornography throughout most of his life. This was his first time viewing the movie, and a recurring question was whether growing up in the Internet age would desensitize him to the sexual decadence. Surprisingly, he was not as fazed by some of the content that James and the others were. Sure, there were some scenes that got to him. There was a certain “circle” where they all pretty much lost it and the ending is hard for anyone to watch. In other scenes, the desensitization was apparent. During some of the sex scenes, he was the one to point out when things were obviously fake, like with prosthetics and sexual positioning. The illusion was shattered for him, whereas even with the second viewing, I was still disturbed and not as discerning.
One of the many tragic faces within Salo.
The overarching theme of Salò is the mad, damning influence of abject power. The class in power has the ability to subject a lower class to whatever behavior they desire, and they derive pleasure from their supremacy. The response of their subjects is of mostly that of submission. There is some rebellion, some collaboration, and even some romanticism, but they are for the most part mortified as they are subjected to horrific acts against their will. The same is true of a tyrannical government and their subjects. A repressed population has no human rights and has scant options. In the case of Salò, it was basically to submit or die.
The face and fist of rebellion.
The most powerful scene is unquestionably that of absolute rebellion. Someone is caught breaking one of the rules, and rather than protest or plead for his life, he uses his final moments on this earth to make a statement. His oppressors have humiliated him, but he still has his honor. His final action against them, however futile, is powerful, tense, and one of the few optimistic moments of the movie. His captors even react to it, hesitating before they take his life away.
The use of a long shot with a lot of space.
One technique that Pasolini uses frequently is the use of space and long shots. In many respects, this puts the audience in the perspective of the captors, on board with those in power. He turns the tables on us and makes us the voyeurs that are visually engaged with the terrible things happening onscreen. The most notable example is in one of the final scenes, when the Fascists are outside torturing their prisoners, but the view is from upstairs and inside the house. We even see it through binoculars within the camera. While this is the most overt example, there are other similar vantage points throughout the film. We are often placed inside the eyes of the Fascists. During the long shots of large rooms, we see what they see, and by extension, are party to it.
From a filmmaking perspective, Salò is a masterwork. The shot selections, cinematography, performances, and locations are all top-notch. The Wrong Reel guys notice this as well, and they are correct when they say that if this were an amateurish film, then it would be dismissed as yet another 1970s porno. Pasolino, having already completed many well-done movies, like The Gospel According to St. Matthew, which made my top 10 of 1964.
On a second viewing, with or without the commentary, Salò is an easier film to stomach. With the shock value minimized, it is easier to understand the message and appreciate the film, even if it is not something that can be easily “enjoyed.” I came into this film expecting to be disgusted yet again. When it ended, I was impressed by such a provocative and startling political allegory. I still cannot rank it among films I like, yet I now have a greater understanding and respect for it as a piece of art.
Salo: Yesterday and Today: This is a short documentary that shows some behind the scenes interviews intercut with interviews, including some with Pasolini.
In a grainy black and white, they show the overhead shooting of the final torture scenes with Pasolini interacting with the actors. One of the fascists asks: “do you have anything nasty for me to do?” Pasolini responds to “wait until next scene,” which we later find out is the candle burning scene.
Pasolini talks about the genesis of the project. He gave it a Dante-esque structure when working on the screenplay for another director, Sergio Citti. This was the division of the story into circles. Citti became lost interest while Pasolini became more engaged with the project, and wanted to use to to bring Marquis de Sade to 1944-45.
Pasolini says that the sado-masochism “reduces the human body to a commodity.” It is about the anarchy of power and the nonexistence of history. All of the schools of thought do not exist in the world of Salo. It is a metaphor of power to the people subjected to it, while also is a statement about capitalism. Man is a conformist, and we see that Pasolini indicts people who join forces in the subjugation of others. They do this out of self preservation, but it is not noble or right.
Pasolini was murdered right before setting up the French dubbing of the film. This of course was a shock and frightened everyone. It is still very much a mystery, with some believing that he was murdered because of Salo.
Fade to Black: This is a 2001 Nigel Algar documentary that disputes that Salo is pornography. By the time it was released, nobody had ever seen a film like Salo. Bertolucci saw it just after Pasolini was murdered, and couldn’t bear the film because of the tragedy. He hated the film initially, but it came to him that “there was something sublime in the nightmare.” It was considered by many to be pornography because there was no other way it could be categorized. The key difference is there is nothing pleasurable or sexually stimulating when watching the movie. In many ways it is an “anti-pornographic” and political film, which continues the traditions of Rome Open City, The Night Porter, and The Conformist.
The End of Salò: This is a 40-minute documentary, mostly interviews with people involved with the project. It begins with them talking about the “Circle of Shit” scenes. The substance was made of chocolate, and the actors ate it with gusto. “The greater the gusto, the more shocking the scene,” says one of the actors playing Fascist royalty.
They had long meetings with the script, de Sade’s text, and Baudelaire, so there was quite a bit of sadistic material to work with. They pitched terrible ideas to each other and they formulated the film. One shot that was cut was a dance sequence with an ensemble that was to be the ending. Personally, I think the true ending is far more appropriate.
Dante Ferretti: – This is a 12-minute interview with the Production designer about Pasolini’s films and their relationship. Talks about his origins in film and how he met Pasolini, worked with him first on The Gospel According to Saint Matthew., which was Ferretti’s second film. He really respected Pasolini after Accatone. With Salo they were going for minimalism. He said it should not be pursued as a painting, but as a graphical way of highlighting symbols. He intentionally did not move the camera much.
Jean-Pierre Gorin: Interview with film scholar. He talks about how the film is not realist, but an adaptation of Sade to the Italian republic. Pasolini was using the past to reflect his present, the end of the 1960s.
The story, while grotesque, is deliberately meant to incite laughter. He does not mean this in an infantile sense, or out of fear or terror, but someone who sees these “elements of the machine so exposed, and see that it is never going to stop.”
Gorin compares it to In the Realm of the Senses because they both reflected the ideals of the 1960s. Both can be considered pornographic films that question society, yet they both have a historical perspective.
Lastly, he says that there is a lot of love in Pasolini’s films. They are tougher to find in Salo, but there are moments of tenderness, especially the ending.
Even though Salo is a polarizing and difficult film, the story behind it is fascinating. Criterion did a fantastic job with the project, with a wealth of supplements and a booklet with several essays. Even though the film is disturbing, the release is recommended.
Criterion Rating: 8.5/10
Posted on April 1, 2015, in Criterions, Film and tagged criterion, depravity, film, italian fascists, marquis de sade, pier paolo pasolini, salo, second world war, sex, the criterion collection, torture, violence. Bookmark the permalink. 5 Comments.
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5th June 2016 Track 1 Comment 1980spopreggaeTrack of the Week
The bathroom in the Crotchety house is being upgraded. Among other things the pedestal washbasin is being replaced with a basin set into a vanity unit. Initially we thought the new vanity cabinet would completely cover the footprint of the old pedestal, hiding any ugliness on the floor. As it turns out, though, the new units are not quite deep enough for that and the cutout in the vinyl floor tiles for the pedestal would be a dark scar on the bright shiny skin of the rejuvenated bathroom.
With a sigh we suspended the work of the plumber/joiner team and called in a tiler to fit new flooring. As I added his appointment to the calendar that old UB40 track, Tyler, came to mind and the song was soon added to the list of candidates for Track of the Week. Then, the following day, another UB40 track, Food for Thought, featured on The Chain on the Radcliffe and Maconie show. “Was this the first time UB40 had been played on the RadMac show?”, I wondered, as fond memories of their vinyl LP, Signing Off, came to mind. That’s one album I never did acquire in digital form and I miss it now sometimes.
The song came to an end and one of the DJs (it’s hard to tell whether it’s Mark or Stuart speaking on the radio) mentioned that his favourite UB40 song was Tyler. In fact, he got quite carried away for a moment. Could this be a sublime coincidence? No, of course not, this was undeniable evidence of the Rock Gods’ guiding hands. It’s time for UB40’s first outing on the Crotchety Man blog.
Tyler is a song about Gary Tyler, a black 16 year old high school student who was accused of murdering a white 13 year old boy in Louisiana in 1974. Gary was tried, convicted and sentenced to death in 1975 but the case has been widely regarded as a travesty of justice ever since the witnesses who testified against him retracted their statements shortly after the trial. Certainly, UB40 were in no doubt that there had been a terrible miscarriage of justice when they wrote Tyler in 1980.
Police gun was planted
No matching bullets
No prints on the handle, no proof to show
Tyler is a reggae track with a sombre, bluesy feel. It has that lolloping effect that comes from a strong emphasis on the weaker beats in the bar but the prominent bass strides along confidently, a stable platform for the melody carried in the vocals and saxophone. There are nice touches from an organ and electric guitar, too, lifting the song out of the reggae rut and into pop chart territory. Although only ever released on albums Tyler would have made an excellent single.
There’s a helpless anger in the lyrics. When injustice is perpetrated by the very authorities charged with administering the law what can we do?
Tyler is guilty the white judge has said so
What right do we have to say it`s not so
There’s another reason for adding Tyler to this blog, too. Gary Tyler’s death sentence was commuted to life imprisonment in 1977. In spite of efforts by lawyers and human rights organisations to have his conviction overturned Tyler remained in prison until a change in the law in 2012 enabled a compromise. In return for pleading guilty to murder Tyler’s sentence was reduced to 21 years and, having already served 41 years, he was released on 30th April 2016.
Let me repeat that. Gary Tyler served 41 years in prison for a murder he probably did not commit. (An Amnesty International report from 1994 is available here.) So, do listen to UB40 playing Tyler and enjoy it but ponder on justice as you do so.
On 2nd June 2016 Food for Thought became the 5940th item on The Chain. It wasn’t the first UB40 song to feature in that series; item 3119, played on 7th August, 2012 was Tyler.
There’s a Guardian article about Tyler’s release here.
One thought on “Tyler”
Great piece on a fine song, important cause and outstanding debut album. I was lucky enough to pick up a vinyl copy with the bonus 12″ years back. On the bonus disc is a cover of ‘Strange Fruit’.
Vinyl Connection , 6th June 2016 at 8:09 am
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Home » Newsletter August 28th, 2017 » Navy Collision Could Be Hackers Fault
Navy Collision Could Be Hackers Fault
The following information is from “Could Hackers be behind the U.S. Navy Collisions” by Elizabeth Weise from USA Today.
SAN FRANCISCO — Was a hack attack behind two separate instances of Navy ships colliding with commercial vessels in the past two months? Experts say it’s highly unlikely, but not impossible — and the Navy is investigating.
Rumors on Twitter and in computer security circles have been swirling about the possibility that cyber attacks or jamming were involved in the collisions. Speculation has been fueled by four accidents involving a U.S. warship this year, two of which were fatal, the highly-computerized nature of modern maritime navigation, and heightened concern over global cyberattacks — especially attacks against U.S. government entities.
Chief of naval operations Admiral John Richardson said in a tweet on Monday there was no indication of the possibility of cyber intrusion or sabotage but the “review will consider all possibilities.” It had been retweeted over 830 times by Wednesday.
Experts in the technology say there are certainly scenarios they can imagine in which GPS hacks could have been used to foil ships’ navigations systems, but emphasize there’s no evidence such attacks took place in the case of the Navy collisions.
“The balance of the evidence still leads me to believe that it was crew negligence as the most likely explanation — and I hate to say that because I hate to think that the Navy fleet was negligent,” said University of Texas at Austin aerospace professor Todd Humphreys, who studies GPS security issues.
On Monday, the USS John S. McCain collided with an oil tanker off Malaysia, which left ten sailors missing and five injured. On June 17 seven sailors died when the USS Fitzgerald was hit by a cargo ship 60 miles off the coast of Japan.
The incidents have clearly rattled the Navy. On Wednesday Vice Adm. Joseph Aucoin was dismissed as commander of the 7th Fleet. And on Monday the Navy ordered a global pause in operations to allow commanders to take immediate action to keep sailors and ships safe as well as a Navy-wide review to get at the root causes of the problems.
The technology to jam or misdirect navigational software is readily available, though the Navy uses a much more robust encrypted version of GPS that would be very difficult to disrupt, said Humphreys.
The damaged USS Fitzgerald is pictured off Shimoda, Shizuoka prefecture, Japan, after the Navy destroyer collided with a merchant ship. (Photo: Iori Sagisawa, AP Images)
The only way to spoof such a system would be to use what’s known as a “record and replay attack,” he said. That’s where a recording is made of the encrypted location data being sent down from satellites to the Naval ship and then replaying the recording at a slightly later time and directing it towards the ship.
“That way you could fool a ship into thinking it is someplace it’s not,” Humphries said.
That would be a very sophisticated and difficult hack, requiring recording the navigation data stream from multiple angles to mimic the multiple antennas on the Navy ship, and then sending the recorded signal from two or more locations. To ensure that nearby ships didn’t also get the false data, it would have to be transmitted from close to the Navy ship being targeted, perhaps using multiple drones.
While there seems to be no evidence pointing in the direction of a hack being perpetrated on by Naval ships, it is not an outlandish theory. That is what is scary. Make sure you are protected on all fronts espicially if your business is storing data for your customers on your networks.
By Akane|2017-08-28T09:00:34-05:00August 28th, 2017|Newsletter August 28th, 2017|0 Comments
Small Business Trends Lays Out 11 Cyber Security Questions
Forbes: Three Barriers To Better Internet Security
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MWO Peter John “Stan” Kurdziel, CD (Ret’d)
We regret to advise of the death of Master Warrant Officer Peter John “Stan” Kurdziel, CD (Ret’d), peacefully, on 22 June 2017 in Ottawa, ON at age 92. He served his country in the Royal Canadian Engineers for 26 years and was the grandfather of Combat Engineer Sgt Dale Kurdziel, MB, who was awarded the Medal of Bravery for his actions in Afghanistan in 2010.
Stan was born in Pine River, MB and attended Portage la Prairie High School before joining the Army and enrolling in the Royal Canadian Engineers in 1947. After completing his Basic Sapper training at the Royal Canadian School of Military Engineering in Camp Chilliwack BC, Stan was transferred to Royal Canadian Air Force Station Rivers, MB with the Canadian Special Air Service Company, a Canadian Airborne Special Forces that was in operation between 1947 and 1949. In 1950 he was transferred to the Canadian Joint Air Training Center in Rivers as a Parachutist Instructor, Packer, and Rigger. While at Rivers, in 1951 he qualified as a Pilot for the Heavy Transport Glider.
Still remaining Airborne, Stan was transferred to 1 Airborne Troop, RCE in Edmonton, AB in 1953 as Chief Clerk. He was then posted to Germany where he served for two unit rotations (1957-60) as Chief Clerk with 4 Field Squadron and 2 Field Squadron.
Stan returned to Canada in 1960 and worked in the Postings and Career office in Army Headquarters. After a six-year tour there he was moved to 26 Works Company in Ottawa for a year as their Chief Administration and Finance Clerk. Promoted to Master Warrant Officer in 1967, he then returned to Headquarters as the Administrative Clerk with the Directorate of Construction Engineering Management and Plans. In 1970 Stan moved to the Secretariat with Director General Works for a year before being transferred to his final position in the Engineer Equipment Co-ordination section of the Directorate of Military Engineering (1971-73).
Stan retired in 1973. He had been taking Professional Development courses since 1965 and had accumulated an impressive portfolio of diplomas in Accounting, Production, Administration from Algonquin College, Loyalist College and University of Guelph. He joined the Public Service at Public Archives and National Library in 1975 and followed a Second Career as a Financial Internal Auditor and a Systems and Procedures Project Officer.
Stan was a Member of the Society of Management Accountants of Ontario, and the Financial Management Institute. He was a passionate volunteer in his community.
A celebration of Stan’s life will be held on Saturday, July 15, at 1:30 p.m. at Bethany Baptist Church, 382 Centrepointe Dr, Ottawa. In his memory, donations can be made to Bethany Baptist Church or to the charity of your choice. On-line condolences can be sent via the Funeral Home. {khAug2017}
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New laws are for your own good
Updated: July 14, 2010, 10:42 a.m.
This month, local and state authorities began enforcing a handful of new driving laws.
In a nutshell, there’s no texting or reading e-mails while behind the wheel, even if you’re at a stoplight. And drivers younger than 18 can’t use cell phones, period.
In addition, the new law requiring seat-belt use in pickups (except those used for agricultural purposes) is now on the books and enforceable. Police around the state are expected to begin enforcing it as well.
Most motorists understand that these laws make sense. Some may even argue that the ban on cell-phone use should have been extended to adults as well. We don’t disagree.
But there are always those who will see these new attempts at making our roads a safer place as an infringement upon their rights — never mind that no one has a “right” to drive a car.
The point these folks miss is that their right to engage in any behavior ends when it has a negative impact on the greater good. Remember that old saying that “one’s right to swing his fist ends when it hits another’s nose?”
That’s applicable here.
Those who text while driving clearly pose a hazard to the public. In fact, distracted driving in general is a danger. According to the U.S. Department of Transportation:
• Driving while using a cell phone reduces the amount of brain activity associated with driving by 37 percent. (Source: Carnegie Mellon)
• Nearly 6,000 people died in 2008 in crashes involving a distracted driver, and more than half a million were injured. (NHTSA)
• Younger, inexperienced drivers under 20 years old have the highest proportion of distraction-related fatal crashes.
• Drivers who use hand-held devices are four times as likely to get into crashes serious enough to injure themselves. (Source: Insurance Institute for Highway Safety)
• Using a cell phone while driving, whether it’s handheld or hands-free, delays a driver’s reactions as much as having a blood alcohol concentration at the legal limit of .08 percent. (Source: University of Utah)
In addition, the financial cost associated with distracted driving — hospital bills, insurance claims, damage to property — are around $42 billion a year, according to some reports.
That’s a lot of money that could go to more constructive uses.
Of course, laws only work when they’re either obeyed or enforced. Our hope is that, one way or another, these laws help make our roads safer.
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Established in 1931, Berkeley College is a coeducational college specializing in undergraduate Bachelor and Associate degrees in a variety of business and other areas. With eight locations in New York and New Jersey, and a convenient online program, Berkeley is widely recognized for its academic excellence and its career preparation. So that in addition to a solid education, each student also benefits from a thorough career development program, consisting of a corporate internship experience, career services support and effective placement assistance. As a true measure of its success, Berkeley College consistently achieves an annual graduate employment rate in excess of 90%.
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Berkeley College is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education, 3624 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104. (267-284-5000). The Middle States Commission on Higher Education is an institutional accrediting agency recognized by the U.S. Secretary of Education and the Council for Higher Education Accreditation.
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KSUM Invites Request for Proposal from SEBI-accredited AIFs
Kochi: In a bid to accelerate the vibrant startup ecosystem in the State, Kerala Startup Mission (KSUM) has invited Request for Proposal (RFP) from SEBI-accredited Alternative Investment Funds (AIFs) under its ‘Fund-of-Fund’ scheme. Selected AIFs will receive funds from the State Government to invest in the startups from Kerala and thus meet the fund requirements of fledgling technology enterprises. KSUM, the nodal agency of the Kerala Government for innovation and entrepreneurship, has invited the RFP online. Interested AIFs who meet the pre-qualification criteria can submit their Expression of Interest (EoI) on or before November 30. After completing the bid process, the final selections will be announced on December 29. The RFP stipulates that the funds invested by the Kerala Government, in the capacity of a Limited Partner to such AIFs, shall not be more than 25 per cent of the total scheme/fund corpus of the AIF. Based on the Kerala Technology Startup Policy 2014, the State Government had launched the Kerala Startup Corpus Fund, a first-of-its-kind initiative in India. A total corpus fund of Rs. 25 crore was then created with the support of two SEBI-registered AIFs -- Unicorn Ventures India and SEA Fund. Out of this Rs. 25 crore, an amount of Rs. 12.5 crore was pooled in by the State Government and the other half by those two AIFs. Using the Kerala Startup Corpus Fund, seven investments have been made into Kerala-based startups, including Genrobotics which developed a robotic system (Bandicoot) for manhole and sewer line cleaning, within a short period of four months. KSUM now plans to make an additional investment into eligible AIFs for providing further impetus to Kerala startup ecosystem. “The objective of the present RFP is a part of the government's plans to make an additional investment into eligible AIFs for supporting exclusively the emerging startups in the state through venture investments,” said Dr. Saji Gopinath, CEO, KSUM. Describing AIF investments as the largest source of capital for startups, he said these are necessary for such startups to achieve accelerated growth and help the State Government achieve its goal of transforming Kerala as a hub for startup innovations. More than 200 startups are presently working from KSUM’s five incubation facilities in Thiruvananthapuram, Kochi, Kozhikode and Kasargod. In addition to it, over 200 startups are working from the incubation facilities set up by 20 incubators (both private and public) across the State. Kerala also has around 1,500 mature startups working in emerging technology areas serving markets across the globe through innovative products andservices.
Kerala Startup Corpus Fund
Dr. Saji Gopinath
Kerala Startup Mission
A Multi-layered Narrative on ‘Maveli Stores’
ICC Event Reviews Kerala’s Startup Ecosystem
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Tag Archive: Dungeons & Dragons Art & Arcana: A Visual History special edition
Review–Find a treasure trove of Dungeons and Dragons’ past in new Art and Arcana visual guide
Filed under: Backstage Pass, Comics & Books, Con Culture, Fantasy Realms, Retro Fix — Leave a comment
If you’re not a player of Dungeons & Dragons, a new journey through the hills and valleys of the roleplay game that started it all will get you up to speed quickly. Dungeons & Dragons Art & Arcana: A Visual History is a comprehensive, authoritative, and licensed look back at nearly 50 years of gaming, storytelling, and artwork. If you grew up with the game you are certain to find both nostalgia and page-after-page of new information in its more than 700 color images from the past, images of heroes and villains, monsters and other creatures, that brought in some 40 million players over the years. Boasting some 10-15 million active players today, D&D now features the results of writers/D&D celebrity fans Michael Witwer (D&D historian), Kyle Newman (director of the movie Fanboys), Jon Peterson (game historian) and Sam Witwer (actor, Being Human, Smallville, Battlestar Galactica) pulling together published images and source art from each edition of D&D’s core books, supplements, and modules, magazines, advertisements, tie-in products, sketches, and draft rules. Their sources include the archives at Wizards of the Coast, private collectors, and more than 40 designers and artists from every era of the game’s history. Released in two editions, fans old and new can choose from the standard 448-page hardcover alone or a special edition Hydro74-designed boxed set with some intriguing extras. You’ll find a 14-page preview below courtesy of publisher Ten Speed Press.
This… treatise… this behemoth of a book is smartly designed so readers can approach it for a quick burst of throwback fun or a detailed dive behind the creation and many changes of the game and the companies behind it. You can find a side-by-side evolution and comparison of monsters and other characters, soak in old maps and character sheets, and compare the covers and key art across all editions. Possibly the best contribution is comparative images showing specific pop culture sources for many of the designs that made it into the early books and supplements, everything from Frank Frazetta Conan the Barbarian paintings to panels of comic book art from Marvel Comics’ Strange Tales.
From Guidon Games’ Chainmail to TSR to Wizards of the Coast and Hasbro and the latest 5th Edition rule books, the D&D story is one of corporate takeovers, failures, successes and strategies, all to survive and ultimately consolidate with games including Magic: The Gathering, Pokémon, World of Warcraft, and the entire Milton Bradley tabletop game catalog, all under one umbrella. It all started with creators Gary Gygax and David Arneson, and their efforts to build on miniature figure battle games from centuries past, and modern rules for gaming that had a historic source: sci-fi/fantasy author H.G. Wells first penned a gaming rulebook for miniatures titled Little Wars: a game for boys from twelve years of age to one hundred and fifty and for that more intelligent sort of girl who likes boys’ games and books, an influential book inspiring gaming to this day. The founders would pull in amateur artists and eventually professional artists, sprouting from a small headquarters in Lake Geneva, Wisconsin, ultimately the source of Gen Con, the gaming convention that has been tied to D&D since the beginning.
Tags: artist Hydro74, Bally pinball, Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Chevy Chase, Colorforms, Community, D&D Clue, David Arneson, Dragon magazine, Dungeons & Dragons, Dungeons & Dragons Art & Arcana: A Visual History, Dungeons & Dragons Art & Arcana: A Visual History book review, Dungeons & Dragons Art & Arcana: A Visual History preview, Dungeons & Dragons Art & Arcana: A Visual History special edition, Dungeons and Dragons, E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial, Frank Frazetta, Gary Gygax, Gen Con, GenCon, Guidon Games, Guidon Games Chainmail, H.G. Wells, Hasbro, Hasbro franchise tie-ins, Jon Peterson, Kyle Newman, Little Wars, Magic: The Gathering, Marvel Comics Strange Tales, Michael Witwer, Milton Bradley, Pokémon, Sam Witwer, Shrinky Dinks, Stephen Colbert, Stranger Things, Ten Speed Press, Tom Hanks, TSR Hobbies, View-Master, Wizards of the Coast, World of Warcraft
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Alyson Hannigan Bra Size and Body Measurements
Alyson Hannigan short bio
Alyson Lee Hannigan is an American actress who was born under the Aries sun sign in Washington, D.C. She is the daughter of Emilie Haas, a real estate agent, and Al Hannigan, a truck driver. After her parents divorce she then life with her mother in Atlanta, Georgia. She then attended California State University, Northridge.
Alyson Hannigan Body Measurement Table
Date of Birth March 24, 1974
Bra Size 32B
Height 5 feet 5 inches
Hip Size 34 inches
Waist Size 23 inches
Weight 52 kg 114 pounds
Alyson Hannigan career
As a teenager, she participated in several television series such as Roseanne. In 1988, she played one of the main roles of the film My Stepmother Is an Alien, alongside Dan Aykroyd and Kim Basinger. The following year, she played the role of a witch in the Free Spirit series.
It reveals the general public for her role as Willow Rosenberg in the TV series Buffy Against the Vampire, appearing in every episode of the series during his seven seasons, from 1997 to 2003.Alyson Hannigan is participating in the four comedies successful film series American Pie 1 (1999), 2 (2000), 3 (2003) and 4 (2012) in the role of Michelle Flaherty. In 2004, she played the lead role in the musical comedy When Harry Met Sally (adapted from the movie) with Luke Perry (who starred in Beverly Hills 90210 and in the movie Buffy the Vampire Slayer. She also played in 2004 in the American television series That ’70s Show in the role of Suzy Simpson, a police collaborating with Michael Kelso, played by Ashton Kutcher, and in four episodes of Veronica Mars in 2005 and 2006.
From 2005, she also appears in the credits of the hit US series How I Met Your Mother, broadcast on CBS, where she finds a comic role. She plays the role of Lily Aldrin, one of the five main characters of the series, which is in a relationship with Marshall Eriksen. It holds that role until the final season of the series, which ends in 2014.
Alyson Hannigan controversy
Alyson Hannigan seems clean and never make any controversy. In the area of charitable activities, she is one of the spokespersons actresses of the American League against the breast cancer.
Alyson Hannigan dating
She married 11 October 2003 with actor Alexis Denisof, who plays the role of Wesley Wyndam-Pryce in the television series Buffy against vampires (season 3) and Angel as well as Sandy Rivers in How I Met Your Mother.
Alyson Hannigan net worth
Since young Alyson Hannigan has began her career as an actress. It then revealed to public that her net worth is about $18 million dollars.
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Vin Diesel Body Measurements and Net Worth
Vin Diesel Short Bio
Mark Sinclair Vincent or well known with the name of Vin Diesel is American actor, producer, director, and screenwriter who was born in in New York City. He is the son of Delora Sherleen an astrologer and said never knew who his biological father is. Diesel is Cancer and has multiple ethnicity. Diesel was raised by his Caucasian mother and African-American stepfather, Irving H. Vincent. He then attending from Hunter College, New York, USA studying theater. He changed his name to Vin Diesel after working as a bouncer at the New York nightclub Tunnel.
Vin Diesel Body Measurement Table
Date of birth July 18, 1967
Biceps Size 18 Inches
Chest size 52 Inches
Waist in Inches 34 Inches
Eye Color Dark Brown
Height 5 Feet 11 3/4 Inches
Weight 176 lbs or 80 kg
Vin Diesel Career
He began his acting debut with uncredited role in the film Awakenings (1990). He then wrote his own short semi-autobiographical film, Multi-Facial (1994), that was screening in 1995 Cannes Festival. After that he was appeared in Strays (1997), and raised his name more by appearing in Steven Spielberg’s 1998 Oscar-winning film Saving Private Ryan . In 2000s he was acted in Boiler Room and Pitch Black but gets the international recognition when portrayed Dominic ” Doom” Torreto in the street racing action film The Fast and the Furious. He then establish hi name by appearing in XXX, The Chronicles of Riddick, and the Pacifier. In 2006, he was appeared in Find Me Guilty, made a cameo in The Fast and the Furious: Tokyo Drift,and then reprising his role from The Fast and the Furious.He then appeared at science-fiction action thriller Babylon A.D. and then reprising his role in Fast & Furious. In 2010s, he was reprises his role as Doom in Fast Five (2011) and Fast & Furious 6 (2013). He also portrayed the main character in Riddick and was planned will reprising his role in Fast & Furious 7, yet will portrayed character Groot in the 2014 Marvel Cinematic Universe film Guardians of the Galaxy.
Vin Diesel Controversies
Vin Diesel seems hasn’t make any big scandal or controversies and known as the family man in Hollywood.
Vin Diesel Dating
In the past, Diesel has a short fling with controversial actress and model Anna Nicole Smith. He then dating Mexican model Paloma Jimenez and has blessed with two kids, Hania Riley (born 2008), and a son Vincent (born 2010).
Vin Diesel Net Worth
As starred in some box office movies, no wonder then Vin Disel net worth is about $75 million dollars.
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Ethics and climate change
Dr Glenn Albrecht, an environmental philosopher from the University of Newcastle, has started a new blog on ethics and climate change, which according to its byline is: “A Blog devoted to critical evaluation and analysis of the ‘values’ that are implicit in global warming and climate change articles in the media”.
Of particular interest to Brave New Climate readers is that he’s done an analysis of the Dr Jennifer Marohasy piece from The Australian, “A case of the warm and fuzzy“, which I also dissected a few weeks back when it first came out. My comments were largely focused on what elements of the published climate science were ignored in the sweeping statements contained within that editorial. Glenn goes over some of this same ground, but in addition delves more deeply into the underlying motivations behind the piece. It makes for a really interesting perceptive. To quote Glenn’s conclusion:
Overall Assessment
The article, in Australia’s only national newspaper, reveals much about the motivation of Jennifer Marohasy. At first glance, one could be forgiven for thinking that her ‘line’ is a form of religious faith or zealotry erected as a defence against all the evidence to the contrary. Like flat earthers and the Church at the time of Copernicus and Galileo in the face of evidence of a heliocentric solar system and imperfect heavenly spheres, a closed system of belief is created where all counter-evidence is reinterpreted as proof of the truth of her own position. Data is then manipulated to defend the indefensible. Graphs are produced to show misleading and erroneous ‘trends’ and advocacy misrepresented as science.
However, like the many climate change sceptics she relies on for her data and graphs, JM is intimately associated with a privately funded think tank. She is an employee of the Institute for Public Affairs, a think tank funded by commercial enterprise. As such, she is expected to provide value for money and deliver messages that are supportive of the corporate interests. She is not a dispassionate or disinterested commentator on global warming and climate change; she is an advocate for the interests of those who fund the IPA. It should come as no surprise that the major bodies funding the work of JM include BHP-Billiton, the Western Mining Corporation, Monsanto, Clough Engineering, News Limited (publisher of the Australian Newspaper), Caltex, Esso, Shell, Gunns and companies in the electricity generation industry.
The evidence for the long-term warming of the planet is now overwhelming and that JM has resorted to the use of distraction with irrelevant issues such as salinity, over-reliance on dodgy satellite data and short term changes in recent weather patterns (not trends in long-term climate) in order to make her case is revealing.
The argument that Australia should not implement a greenhouse gas reduction scheme because of a lack of evidence has empirical and ethical faults. I hope the scientific community can further take her to task on the lack of scientific credibility of her case.
On the ethical front, the hypocrisy of arguing that Australians are scientifically illiterate and easily manipulated by vested interests and then, in a calculated manner, contributing to that illiteracy and deliberately manipulating them with poor data, misleading graphs and confusing argumentation is unforgivable.
The issue of global warming and climate change is far too important to leave to paid representatives of a particular set of vested interests in Australia or elsewhere. If, because of the ‘work’ of sceptics such as JM, individuals, businesses and governments delay action to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and halt global warming, then these people must be held especially responsible for the hugely negative changes that are now taking place to the foundations of all life, agriculture and economies.
We must resist the anti-global warming zealots and corporate lackeys and put our trust in those who, without vested interest, are telling us that we must act now to avoid a very nasty future.
Glenn has also done a blog on Brendan O’Neill’s bizzare recent piece in The Australian, “Snow-roots campaign a form of green self-hate“. Definitely one to add to your blogroll.
Hmmm, you seem to be profiling many of my old lecturers, Barry, but this time one that I still hold in high regard! Glen has a keen mind, and a firm grasp on the logical construction of ethics and environmental philosophy. My friends and I often went to hear his lectures even if we weren’t enrolled in them.
I thoroughly welcome his entry into the ethics/CC arena, and I am especially pleased at its timeliness. It will be interesting to read his future contributions.
posted 22 September 2008 at 11:47 AM by Bernard J.
What of the ethics of media outlets like the Australian, that continue give Marohasy, and various other denialists, not only a forum,but credibility, by publishing their nonsense?
posted 22 September 2008 at 3:52 PM by Richard McGuire
Some time ago it has been stated “The climate debate is over”, yet, although an overwhelming body of science is now available, consistent with climate developments around the Earth which appear to over-pace projections, it seems the debate goes on and on and on …
The “powers to be” appear to seek compromises with vested interests, which they may or may not be able to achieve. What they fail to understand is that one can not reach “agreements” and “compromises” with nature itself. It is not possible to argue with the atmosphere!
Recently a claim has even been raised (by a Czech economist in The Australian) that warning about climate change a contradictory to human freedom —
Confusing freedom with anarchy and greed-driven destruction.
Unfortunately they may end up learning the hard way.
posted 22 September 2008 at 6:28 PM by Andrew Glikson
It’s worth understanding what ‘debate’ the talker is referring too. If it is the scientific debate that man is responsible for the majority of the warming we are starting to experience even now — then that debate is well over and we have a scientific consensus. This was determined by Naomi Oreskes in her 2005 Science Magazine in Beyond the Ivory Tower: The Scientific Consensus on Climate Change
If it is the media debate where a humanities format (presenting both sides of the debate) is used to settle a scientific question… then that faux debate will go on for as long as fossil-fuel funded think tanks have fossil-fuelled funds to issue fossil-fuel favourable press-releases to their shrill shills, like Andrew Bolt
posted 22 September 2008 at 11:30 PM by Wadard
“is referring too” = “is referring to”
Thank you Wadard — your comment is to the point.
posted 23 September 2008 at 10:34 AM by Andrew Glikson
Well said @ 2, 3, 4
People don’t seem to understand that this is not a political, religious or economic development issue. Denying its veracity won’t make it go away. You win the phoney debate you lose. I know people are scared by the ramifications of AGW, but switching off, or turning aside from the problem, or seeking reassurance from those with vested interests in denying the reality of AGW, is not the answer. Those responsible for promoting denialism thus leading to delay and prevarication on action to mitigate AGW, must be held accountable. Fortunately we have some exceptional blogs like this and others, listed at left, to broadcast the science to those genuinely seeking the truth. Occasionally having to put up with disingenuous bloggers is a price we have to pay. Fortunately they soon seem to disappear from the radar when they realise they are engaging with real scientists who do have the answers.
posted 23 September 2008 at 4:37 PM by perps
Sceptics
How long will Old King Coal reign? Part II
Climate change and human health – inequities demand win-win solutions
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Archive for December, 2008|Monthly archive page
i’m not looking
I got a little bit of an eye infection. haven’t seen a doctor, but I don’t think that’s necessary; it was quite bad the first day, but it’s grown better. it just itches, is all, and I don’t scratch. so if I’m still in a bad way in another day or two, doctor visit, maybe.
Blagojevich has appointed someone to the Ill. senate seat. everyone at work thought this was the shittiest move in the world. and so do all of the talking heads on TV. I don’t see what the big deal is. well, no, that’s not true; I do.
the senate Democrats wrote the governor informing him that they won’t confirm anyone that Blagojevich might nominate. the man is being accused of trying to sell a senate seat, so the argument goes that anyone he would pick would also be dirty.
but I would bet it’s kind of an etiquette thing, too. ‘don’t fuck with the party, Blagojevich, you’ve done enough political damage, so stop talking and lie still,’ they said. and it looked like he was gonna do it — his lawyer said Blagojevich was going to do it — and then he went ahead and appointed some guy named Roland Burris, a mid-level Illinois party member who, although a reported lightweight, is not dirty at all.
Blagojevich has to know he’s a pariah, right? so maybe this is a big eff you to the political establishment. he picks someone who apparently is free of his taint. ew. and the senate is now forced to make the decision: let Burris in, as he might actually make a decent short-term senator, or block him and and answer unpalitable quesitons about stonewalling a competent candidate. and then it might go to court, and get nasty. Harry Reid has repeated that they wouldn’t seat him. shit, he probably wants to kill Blagojevich with a hammer.
I would say that I’m happy about all of this coming about, because it’s a gonna be interesting to watch play out. but it’s also a giant sore for the Democratic party. I think that at a national level, politics is dirty across the spectrum, but I’m still not excited when I’m proven right.
let’s see, what else. I don’t have any other infections that I know of, so that’s good … and I’m super pumped about Indiana, that’ll be a lot of fun.
tomorrow’s New Year’s Eve. I have to work, but I’ll get out around 10 pm. plenty of time to see the ball drop. or something like that.
Israel is bombing the shit out of Gaza right now
so I’ve been listening the hell out of some ‘Sticky Fingers” lately. solid album.
I’ve been coasting toward classic rock a lot. I think. that’s a pretty broad generalization.
but what do I got resting on top of the stereo right now, I’ve got: ‘Sticky Fingers’, ‘Ill Communication’, ‘Are You Experienced?’, ‘Harvest’, ‘Exile on Main Street’. and this album, called ‘Takes One to Know One’ by Elmo Williams & Hezekiah Early. found it in my brother’s basement a year ago. it’s fucking great, one of the best I’ve ever fallen in front of. I’ve never seen it in a store, but if you happen across it, spend the no more than $8 it’s bound to cost and pick it up, it’s worth it.
I’m headed for Indiana at the end of the week. I got a haircut for this, and not the kind you do yourself in your bathroom with a pair of clippers, because this is Important Stuff. Smith said maybe I should get a suit, and I said maybe he should get fucked.
no, I didn’t. but a lot of driving is coming up. people to shake, worlds to move. the big news is Uncle Bill proposed to his girlfriend, so he’s gonna finally be settling down at the age of 60. but they’re putting the wedding off for, like, four years. something to do with his pension, I think.
whatever. I may not get to be in the wedding party, but I’ll have a hell of a time at the reception, I tell you what.
who could you possibly be?
I’m up forever working on this editing tip again. 3 am. but good news: ‘Star Trek: The Next Generation’ marathon on the sci fi channel! this show’s always been a little cheesy, but hey, it’s a respite.
this Christmas sucked. working on Christmas sucks. it’s something that should be avoided. let me tell you. when you grow up, don’t get a second-shift job. or at least live near your family. one, or the other.
but fuck it, just another one in the books. and I done worse. so Merry Christmas!
I’ve got this editing tip I’m supposed to be cracking on, but fuck it. it’ll get done, tonight, late. it’s mind-numbing, these definitions. so I’m watching ‘Family Matters’ and drinking tea, and wasting time by writing about bullshit on my blog. so.
I found my copy of ‘Exile on Main Street’ earlier this week. hell yes! it was in a zydeco album behind the bench of my truck. which is where everything is. always.
talked to Mar tonight on the phone. she said I should hear hurry up and come back to Valparaiso. t-minus two weeks, Mar. I’m going home … home, I guess, for a week. will probably be pulling my hair out by the roots by the end. fuck it. Mar told me that while she was in LA visitng her boyfriend they had a drink with a friend of hers from high school who had moved out there. when asked to describe our home in Valpo, this person described it as such: “It’s completely a woman’s house.” which I would never have thought to describe it as, but that works pretty well. it’s women who’ve mostly lived there, anyway.
‘Family Matters’. Urkel is a lot funnier when you imagine he’s coming over to Carl’s house all the time and acting like an asshole because he’s actually some kind of sociopath; like, outside the Winslow home, he’s normal. has normal friends. has a normal job. but before he walks in the door, he gets into character. he starts speaking in a nasal falsetto and pulls his jeans way up into his crotch. and then he goes inside and hassles the living shit out of his neighbors because, I don’t know, he gets some sort of warped glee out of it. and then he ends up jerking off in the bushes while the credits roll. all I’m saying is an R-rated, slightly creepy ‘Family Matters’ would be much funnier.
during the commerical breaks, they’re running these extended ASPCA ads, featuring Sarah MacLachlan and Christmas carols. hmm. whatever happened to the Lilith Fair? and why am I not watching Urkel right now? this shit is bumming me out, all of these homeless animals. fuck this. bring back Urkel.
okay. he’s back. so back to editing.
holiday letter for ashley
Filed under: Uncategorized | Tags: holiday letter
Season’s greetings!!!! A year has passed, and so much has happened! Everyone is a bit longer in the tooth, has grown a little grayer, but time is nothing to worry about; in this family, we all age like fine wine. But there’s so much to cover this year, let’s skip the formalities. On to the updates!
Jan. 3 to Jan. 11, I take Indiana by storm. save the dates, readers in the Midwest!
I threw my shoes at the TV the other day when the Jets won
Filed under: Uncategorized | Tags: politics
Comments Off on I threw my shoes at the TV the other day when the Jets won
I’m editing this big ol’ file for this big ol’ environmental group right now. I am one of five or six on an editing team, and I definitely feel like the scrub. I’ve missed a lot of shit after the fact, and I find a lot of what I’m reading horribly confusing, but I’m getting better. I swear to god, I’m getting better.
yesterday I was talking to a friend of mine about your boy throwing his shoes at Bush. she thought that it was tasteless, tactless, etc. if he wanted to express his displeasure with President Bush, he should have found a much more constructive way of going about it. I think some of this comes from the fact that my friend is a journalist, and so was the the shoe thrower. maybe it’s a bit demeaning to the profession. you’re a journalist. you need to remain objective. you’re not supposed to have a pulse.
no, that’s not fair, I didn’t mean that. what I meant to say, is: you’re supposed to be rational, measured, reserved.
but I thought it was awesome.
everyone seems to operate on the definition of President George W. Bush as an elderly, wizened statesman. I guess that’s technically true. he ‘s been the president since the millenium, and he was a governor before that. but all of the associations that “wizened statesman” brings up — benevolence, pragmatism, rationality — he doesn’t occupy any of them. the Bush administration rode a wave of sabre-rattling and national hysteria after Sept. 11 into support for it’s asinine political agenda, and it resulted in a war sold on flimsy pretenses that sank billions of dollars into a morass of nation-building in the Middle East.
so now there’s a potentially stable democracy in Iraq. that’s great, it really is. but the ends don’t justify the means. the administration and its allies are still assholes for putting the nation, and the Iraqis, through it all. sectarian death squads, IEDs, reprisal killings, unchecked private security firms, Iranian involvement, pure anarchy for three years. for all of that, Bush is a dick. he’s the figurehead. he’s the fucking decider. so, yes, for all of the above, George Bush II is a dick.
you know, it would never happen, but there could be arguments made for putting that son of a bitch on trial as a war criminal. I say he’s getting off easy with just a symbolic act of defiance.
so I’m sorry that his secret victory lap didn’t go as planned, that his nice, calm bubble full of autocrats and American-blessed leaders and photo opportunities was rudely interrupted, and that icy-hot press secretary Dana Perino got a black eye. but a television reporter (and yes, a shitty journalist) threw his shoes at the President of the United States. that’s Arabic for “fuck you.” I’d venture a bet that most of the people you’d ask on the Baghdad street feel the same way, and I hope Bush remembers that when he retires to Dallas next month.
HAMMER DON’T HURT HIM
I gotta go to work
the worst thing about working with editors exclusively by e-mail? everything is correspondence, which means my grammar should be impeccable. and it never is.
I just used ‘then’ in place of ‘than’, and noticed it after the fact. fuck!
I’m a professional copy editor. you’d think this wouldn’t be a problem.
yeah. right.
we are going to get a car czar
Comments Off on we are going to get a car czar
in national news:
looks like they’re gonna give the auto industry money that was set aside to promote fuel efficiency. this is the compromise, a nice little parting “fuck you” to Nancy Pelosi from the White House. dirty San Francisco hippie.
the auto industry, like a junkie on payday, will chug this cash down and pass out in an alley, and then show up bleary-eyed, sober, and in pain again in a few weeks.
everyone and your mother has heard about charges against Blagojevich in Ill. right?
it’s comical, how much he tried to peddle influence. he effectively tried to sell a Senate seat, and leaned on the Chicago Tribune (which declared Chapter 11 bankruptcy Monday, it should be noted) to reshape its editorial board into something that wouldn’t criticize him. tried to get a concrete company to donate $500 grand to his political campaign chest, or else he would fuck up its involvement in a massive Ill. toll road project. leaned on the chief executive of a children’s hospital for cash, too, or else he’d withhold funds.
this is epic.
you gotta hand it to the man: if you’re gonna be corrupt, be corrupt. nothing half-assed about this guy, including his haircut.
ok. I gotta go to the DMV. no, it’s alright; I know what I’m doing.
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IIM Ahmedabad (Indian Institute of Management)
Progress Through Knowledge
Why Join IIM Ahmedabad (Indian Institute of Management) :
The Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad (IIM Ahmedabad or IIM-A) is a public business school located in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. It was the second Indian Institute of Management (IIM) to be established, after IIM Calcutta. It is consistently ranked as one of the best business schools in India and in the Asia-Pacific region.
The Indian Institutes of Management were established in response to the growing need that was felt for nurturing professional managers who could efficiently manage India’s growing industries. They were established with the objectives of providing high quality management education and assisting the industry through research and consulting services
IIM Ahmedabad was the second IIM to be set up in the country. It was established on 16 December 1961 as an autonomous body with the active collaboration of the Government of India, the Government of Gujarat and the industry. Eminent physicist Dr. Vikram Sarabhai, a native of Ahmedabad, played a pivotal role in setting up the Institute. Later on he went on to serve as the Institute’s Honorary Director for the first 3 years of its existence.Prominent management educator Ravi J. Matthai and several other Ahmedabad-based industrialists also played a major role in its creation.[19]
The Institute was established in collaboration with Harvard Business School. This collaboration greatly influenced IIMA’s approach to education, as the Institute took up the case method of pedagogy which was pioneered by Harvard Business School.
IIM-A is the only Indian institute listed by The Economist in its 2012 Full-time B-school ranking, at #56, rising 22 ranks from 2011 when the institute was ranked at #78. The Financial Times Global B-School Rankings ranked IIM Ahmedabad's PGPX programme at No. 11, whereas its Global MBA rankings also ranked the institute at #11. In the QS Global 200 Business Schools Report it was ranked No. 2 in the Asia-Pacific region for 2012 In India, it was ranked first by the Hindustan Times India's top 50 business schools of 2011, by the 2012 edition of CNBC-TV18's Top B-Schools in India and by the Business Today 50 best business schools of 2012. The Post Graduate Program in Agribusiness Management was ranked first (globally) by Eduniversal, in the field of "Agribusiness / Food Industry Management".
Contact Details of IIM Ahmedabad (Indian Institute of Management)
Address: Vastrapur, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, , Gujarat, India, 380015
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Home / News / Headlines / Three Magical Holiday Specials Are a Magical Gift from ABC, ...
Three Magical Holiday Specials Are a Magical Gift from ABC, Disney Channel, and Disney Parks to All of Us
We’ve just gotten our first gift of the season—three of them, actually. A trio of star-studded TV specials are coming to ABC and Disney Channel, beginning Thursday, November 29. Not only will the TV events bring the sights and sounds of the holidays at Disney parks right to your home, but they’ll also feature exclusive looks at upcoming attractions and experiences coming to the Disneyland and Walt Disney World Resorts. Here’s what we know about the three specials:
The Wonderful World of Disney: Magical Holiday Celebration—Thursday, November 29 (9–11 p.m. EST on ABC and on the ABC app)
Jordan Fisher—singer, songwriter and Dancing with the Stars: Juniors host—and Modern Family’s Sarah Hyland host the magical two-hour event from the Walt Disney World Resort and Disneyland Resort. Jesse Palmer returns as Disneyland host for this star-studded prime-time celebration chock full of musical performances, special appearances and, of course, Disney holiday magic—including an incredible castle-lighting spectacular from Disney Parks around the globe from Florida and California to Paris, Shanghai, and Hong Kong.
Musical performances include:
Multi-Grammy® Award-winning superstar Gwen Stefani lights up the night with “Feliz Navidad.”
Grammy Award-winning singer, songwriter Meghan Trainor performs a medley of her hits.
CMA Award-winning country artist Brett Eldredge, joined by Meghan Trainor, sing the classic holiday duet “Baby, It’s Cold Outside” from Eldredge’s album Glow.
Andrea Bocelli shares his unmistakable voice, singing a Christmas classic; then Andrea is joined by his son, Matteo Bocelli, to perform their beautiful new duet, “Fall on Me,” from Disney’s The Nutcracker and the Four Realms.
Jordan Fisher performs his Christmas hit, “Come December.”
Grammy Award-nominated artist Aloe Blacc performs his debut single, “I Got Your Christmas Right Here,” from his first-ever holiday album, Christmas Funk, out November 9.
American Idol winner Maddie Poppe sings “Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas.”
Chart-topping, breakout music group Why Don’t We performs a medley of the classic “Silent Night” and their original holiday song “Hey Good Lookin.”
Disney Parks Presents a 25 Days of Christmas Holiday Party (Friday, November 23, in the DisneyNOW app and Saturday, December 1, from 8–8:30 p.m. EST on Disney Channel)
Jordan Fisher joins Disney Channel’s Coop & Cami Ask the World stars Ruby Rose Turner and Dakota Lotus for this festive half-hour special featuring star-studded musical performances and special appearances by Disney Channel stars Booboo Stewart (Disney’s Descendants 3), Kylee Russell (Disney Channel Original Movie ZOMBIES), Sadie Stanley (Disney Channel Original Movie Kim Possible) and Sean Giambrone (Disney Channel Original Movie Kim Possible, ABC’s The Goldbergs). Viewers can go behind the scenes of Lightning McQueen’s Racing Academy with Stanley and Giambrone before Lightning and the Cars-themed experience races into Disney’s Hollywood Studios at Walt Disney World in spring 2019.
Gwen Stefani sings the holiday classic “Let It Snow.”
Brett Eldredge performs “It’s Beginning to Look A Lot Like Christmas.”
Disney Channel’s Andi Mack star Asher Angel rocks out to “Last Christmas.”
Disney Channel’s ZOMBIES star Meg Donnelly brings tropical cheer with her performance of “Mele Kalikimaka.”
Disney Parks Magical Christmas Day Parade (Tuesday, December 25, from 10 a.m.–12 p.m. EST, 9–11 a.m. CST/MST/PST; airtimes vary, check listings, on ABC and on the ABC app)
Who doesn’t love a Disney Christmas Parade? Hosts Jordan Fisher and Sarah Hyland share a magical holiday tradition—the Disney Parks Magical Christmas Day Parade—with families around the globe. Co-hosted by Jesse Palmer, the celebration will be merrier than ever before, bringing together the adored Christmas Day parade, special musical performances, surprise celebrity guests, and heartwarming family stories to celebrate the most wonderful time of the year. Joining the festivities as parade correspondents are Freeform’s grown-ish actor Trevor Jackson and star of Freeform’s upcoming series Good Trouble, Cierra Ramirez.
Musical performances include the following:
Gwen Stefani performs “Winter Wonderland” from her Christmas album, You Make It Feel Like Christmas.
Brett Eldredge sings the holiday classic “Do You Hear What I Hear?”
Andrea Bocelli sings the incredibly moving “Ave Maria”; then Andrea is joined by his son, Matteo Bocelli, to perform “White Christmas.”
Host Jordan Fisher performs “This Christmas.”
Aloe Blacc performs “Tell Your Mama” from his first holiday album, Christmas Funk, out November 9.
Freeform’s Marvel’s Cloak & Dagger star and Hollywood Records artist Olivia Holt sings a holiday tune.
American Idol winner Maddie Poppe celebrates the season with “Rockin’ Around the Christmas Tree.”
Disney’s dynamic a cappella group DCappella performs the popular Christmas hit “Last Christmas.”
Why Don’t We performs “Kiss You This Christmas” from their holiday album, A Why Don’t We Christmas.
Disney Parks Magical Christmas Day Parade airs as part of Disney|ABC’s company-wide 25 Days of Christmas programming event—and it’s a tradition that we’ve long held dear. Stay tuned for more details as they’re announced!
5 Costumes from The Nutcracker and the Four Realms that We Can’t Wait to See
A Deeper Meme-ing: Ralph and Vanellope Go Viral in Ralph Breaks the Internet
Celebrate Mickey Mouse with a Stunning Spectacular on ABC
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Are We Still in a Gold Bull Market?
Gold closed at $999 on Tuesday. Then, yesterday, it closed down $2.
There’s a time to buy gold; and there’s a time to sell it. Which time is it?
The question rose with the gold price itself. It needs an answer.
The price of gold today, adjusted for inflation, is about where it was 26 years ago. After peaking out at nearly $2,000 (again, in 2009 dollars), in 1980, the price fell to the $1,000 level (in today’s money) in 1983.
We were gold bulls back then. And we were idiots. It was the end of the gold bull cycle, not the beginning. The gold price fell for the next 17 years.
Some people draw the wrong lesson from this experience – that gold is always a bad place for your money.
Today’s Financial Times:
“In spite of low interest rates, that make owning gold cheap, the opportunity cost of owning it is still unattractive in the long run. Smarter ways to anticipate inflation include bricks and mortar, mineral rights or even equities, all with vastly superior historical returns.”
But we would prefer to look at it a little differently. Gold is not always a bad place for your money; and we are not always idiotic.
What were the returns from stocks over the last 10 years? The Dow has lost about 15% in nominal terms. In real, inflation adjusted terms, it is probably down nearly 40%. Meanwhile, gold has nearly quadrupled.
Was it smart to buy stocks or bricks and mortar during the ’70s? Not at all. Stocks bounced around, but they were no higher at the end of the decade than they were at its beginning. Meanwhile, high inflation rates took a big toll on real values. Stock market investors lost 75% of their money – maybe more. As for those who bought bricks and mortar, they lost too – but it’s hard to say how much.
And meanwhile, gold went from $41 an ounce to over $800.
Which would you prefer?
As you can see, dear reader, timing is everything. There are times to be long gold. And there are times not to be.
For thousands of years gold has been the money of last resort. It is the money you can trust. They can’t make more of it. They can’t counterfeit it. They can’t put extra zeros on it and pretend it is worth more.
But it is most useful when other money goes bad. Inflation rates in the United States during the ’70s went over 10%. Clearly, gold was a better thing to own to protect your wealth than dollars. You could have bought an ounce of it (outside the United States…it was still illegal for private citizens to hold gold in America) for, say, $45 in the early ’70s. By 1982, you could have used that single ounce of gold to buy up the entire list of Dow stocks. Gold and the Dow traded at a ratio of only one-to-one that year. Then, if you’d held onto those stocks, you could have sold them in 2006 for $14,000.
Not bad, huh? Two transactions. Forty-five bucks to $14,000. Invest $100,000 and you would have ended up with $30 million.
But let’s get back to where we are now. Still in a bull market in gold…or at the end of one? Are we idiots for holding it now…or idiots for not buying more?
As you know, we’ve begun a new project: the Bonner & Partners Family Office. It’s our own family office that we’ve opened up to a few non-family members. But just as soon as the non-family members came in the door they started asking questions. Specifically, they wondered why…after all the preaching we’ve done about buying gold…we don’t have more of it in the family portfolio.
One our new partners wrote a very shrewd comment. We’ll pass along a little of what he had to say, but first, some context. The feds are desperate to restart the economy. The only way they can imagine is by increasing the money supply…and inducing people to spend money. They want inflation, no doubt about it. And they’ll get it – no doubt about that, either.
The question is when. Our view is that they’ll get more than they expect, but later than they want it. We’re looking for another crack in stocks…followed by more fear and loathing in the economy. This will have two major effects. First, investors will turn to the familiar dollar for safety. Second, everyone will hoard money…speculation will cease…and prices will fall – including the price of gold. Our first writer disagrees:
“One mistake [your editor] might be making is his belief that we are already in another Great Depression. We probably will be in a depression or some other form of economic calamity, but not yet. Every Depression (or monetary contraction) in history has followed a similar pattern – expansionary monetary policy followed by a contraction of the money supply… While we have experienced a huge monetary expansion/easy money in the ’90s, we have not yet experienced a real monetary contraction (which is a scary thought). Instead, the central planners did the opposite and doubled the monetary base (keep the addict happy with more heroine). These extra paper dollars have to go somewhere, and we are seeing the results in higher prices for stocks, oil, copper, sugar, gold, so far…”
Well, yes…as long as the economy seems to be on the mend, investors’ “appetite for risk” improves. They want to speculate on the recovery. But then, when the recovery proves an illusion…they’re going to run for cover.
Then, another new partner came to help us roll our stone.
“Bill is correct, not from money supply & credit data, but from ‘black swan’ type events such as: how deflationary forces will play out for lenders and holders of mortgaged backed bonds both commercial & residential, in a disruptive resetting of interest rates for Option ARMs, ALT-As and various other prime borrowers in the next 6-12 months… Will we witness another series of major bank failures from this next round of resetting? And if so, how disruptive, in a deflationary sense, will this be?”
Either way, the result is the same. Market events – such as another big break in the banking sector – could bring a deflationary collapse. If not, the Fed itself may have to step in to protect the dollar. In either case, gold is not likely to reach its final, bubble phase until this contraction is over.
In the meantime, our advice remains unchanged: buy gold on dips.
We continue to laugh at recovery sightings. Yesterday, for example, the Fed reported to the nation that a recovery was underway. But even the Fed couldn’t ignore the fact that consumers aren’t spending money the way they used to. The New York Times comments:
“The prolonged slump in consumer spending has been one of the most serious points of worry for economists, and the Fed’s warning about it deflated some of the market’s optimism. About 70 percent of the economy depends on spending by consumers.”
The other sticky wicket in this game is unemployment. Jobless ranks are swelling like a floating corpse. But the jobless numbers don’t tell the whole story. There are 34 million Americans who live on food stamps. One out of every nine people depends on the government for his daily bread. The Financial Times fills in the details:
“Less attention has been paid to those still in the workforce, whose incomes are also being squeezed. The average working week is now about 33 hours, the lowest on record, while the number forced to work part-time because they cannot find full-time work has risen more than 50 per cent in the past year to a record 8.8m. Wages and benefits have decelerated.
“The food stamp data suggest that ‘the labour market problems are more significant than you would expect, given just the unemployment rate’, said John Silvia, chief economist at Wells Fargo. ‘For me it suggests the consumer is not going to rebound or contribute to economic growth for the next year, as the consumer would in a traditional economic recovery.’
“Consumer spending has traditionally been the engine of the US economy, making up about two thirds of GDP. Economists fear that people may be unwilling to resume that role.
“Food stamps are distributed once a month on electronic cards that can be spent at many grocery stores. The $787bn stimulus bill added about $80 (€55, £50) to a family’s monthly allowance, which now stands at an average $290.
Nothing very original about keeping the masses fed with government food. The Romans figured it out 2,000 years ago. You have to distract the mob with pane et circenses (bread and circuses). Otherwise, they vote you out of office…or burn down the capitol.
“Everything, now restrains itself and anxiously hopes for just two things: bread and circuses,” wrote Juvenal.
GDP: The New “Slow” Normal
Economic growth requires dramatic increases productivity… The economy would be how much richer without the financial sector?…
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Income, Poverty and Welfare Young People (9) Demographics (8) Employment and Skills (8) Housing (7) Crime and Community Safety (6) Health (6) Business and Economy (5) Education (5) Art and Culture (4) Sport (4) Environment (2) Championing London (1) Planning (1) Transparency (1) Transport (1) Show 11 more...
Spreadsheet (17) PDF File (8) ZIP File (2) CSV File (1)
Greater London Authority (GLA) (10) Department for Work and Pensions (6) Office for National Statistics (ONS) (2) Family and Childcare Trust (1) Ministry of Housing, Communities & Local Government (MHCLG) (1)
Greater London (5) Local Authority (2) Ward (2) Borough (1) GLA Constituency (1) Lower Super Output Area (1) Region (1) Sub-Region (1) Show 3 more...
Try typing: economic-fairness, poverty, income, benefits, child-poverty, children, deprivation...
Income, Poverty and Welfare
The Mayor of London has placed a high priority on improving social integration, equality, diversity and inclusion, economic fairness and food security across the city. Recognising the need for better evidence in these areas to ensure that policy and programmes have maximum impact, the GLA conducted the Survey of Londoners in 2018/19, an online and paper self-completion survey of adults aged 16 and over in London. The Survey, which recei...
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Social Integration Headline Measures
The Mayor is committed to measuring social integration in London. Providing evidence-based analysis of the state of social integration will allow him to shine a light on the whole city. Accompanying the Social Integration Strategy published in March 2018, the Mayor published a set of measures tracking social integration in London. These measures were selected from existing high-quality datasets, such as large-scale central government su...
Equality, Diversity and Inclusion Evidence Base for London
The Mayor has a role to play in leading, shaping and responding to changes in London through the work of the GLA group. Inclusive London: the Mayor's equality, diversity and inclusion strategy sets out how he will help address the inequalities, barriers and discrimination experienced by groups protected by the Equality Act 2010, as well as wider issues. These include poverty and socio-economic inequality, and the challenges and disadvan...
diversityequalityinclusion
Equalities, Diversity and Inclusion Measures
This dataset supports the Mayor's equality, diversity and inclusion strategy. It brings together publicly available data relevant to equalities in London into a series of measures. These will be updated over time to monitor the delivery of the strategy.
Food security in London: Headline findings from The Survey of Londoners
The Mayor of London committed to measuring food security in London in his Food Strategy. The Survey of Londoners collected this data, which will be used to support the development of long-term solutions to the causes and impacts of food insecurity. Being food insecure means that at times a person’s food intake is reduced and their eating patterns are disrupted because of a lack of money and other resources for obtaining food.
Exploring how to measure social integration using digital and online data
As part of the Mayor's Social Integration Strategy published in March 2018, one of the commitments was to develop a more comprehensive set of measures for social integration and to carry out bespoke and innovative data collection for London to achieve this. This scoping study conducted by the Centre for Analysis of Social Media at Demos and commissioned by the GLA is the first step towards looking at more innovative data collection meth...
Employees earning below the London Living Wage (LLW)
Percentage of respondents in work earning less than the London Living Wage (LLW) taken from the ONS Annual Survey of Hours and Earning (ASHE). Data is provided by whether the employee is male or female and works full-time or part-time. Data is also provided by borough. Also includes employees earning below the UK Living Wage by region outside London. The minimum wage levels in each year are stated in the table. This dataset is on...
earningsincomeemploymentpovertylow-incomenmw
Ratio of household equivalised income of the top 10 per cent of households to the income of the bottom 10 per cent of households. Ratio calculated using weekly household income adjusted to take account of differences in numbers and ages of residents. This dataset is one of the Greater London Authority's measures of Economic Fairness. Click here to find out more. This dataset is one of the Greater London Authority's measures of Eco...
economic-fairness
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Australia is banning plastic bags. Here's what other countries are doing
By Jessie Yeung, CNN
Updated 0715 GMT (1515 HKT) July 2, 2018
New limits on single-use plastic bags in Australia have met some resistance.
(CNN) Australia has joined a long list of countries taking action against single-use plastic bags with large retailers introducing a charge for reusable ones to encourage shoppers to bring their own.
There have been some signs of resistance: One customer reportedly grabbed a Woolworths employee by the throat after being told there were no plastic bags.
After multiple complaints, the supermarket chain announced it would hand out free reusable bags until July 8 to help smooth the transition.
Dozens of countries have already imposed bans or taxes on single-use plastic bags, including the UK, France, China, and the Netherlands. Kenya has perhaps the harshest law: those who violate the ban face four years in prison or a fine up to $39,000.
Many countries have targeted other products in the battle against plastic.
An estimated eight million tons of plastic enter our oceans and waterways every year. At this rate, there will be more plastic than fish in the oceans by 2050.
Microbeads
Microbeads are tiny plastic particles often found in body washes, toothpaste and cosmetic products. They are not biodegradable and are nearly impossible to remove once they contaminate marine environments.
Microbeads are often found in body washes, facial scrubs, and toothpaste.
The Australian government endorsed a voluntary phase-out of microbeads in 2016, but there is no law or official ban in place and some manufacturers continue to use them.
In the last few years, a spate of countries have proposed or implemented microbead bans, including the US, the UK, France, New Zealand, and more.
Wales and Canada joined the list last weekend and Ireland is expected to introduce a ban by the end of 2018.
Plastic Straws
Plastic straws, long an enemy of environmentalists, are beginning to feel the heat.
Around 8.5 billion plastic straws are thrown away every year in the UK alone, according to the Marine Conservation Society.
The straws often wind up in the ocean and are are now among the top 10 waste items found on beaches.
Plastic straws are in the firing
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Making community with the deep communication of popular live poetry in San Diego, California at the Millennium
Author(s): Vernon, Jenifer Rae
By way of ethnography, this dissertation reveals the deep communication of popular live poetry and the public ritual of its event in a post-industrial urban center of the United States at the millennium. This genre of poetry is carried out through face-to-face communication between poets, audiences and hosts during free, publicly oriented events at venues such as coffeehouses. The form of poetry around which participants gather is rooted in the verbal art of oral, spoken poetry, draws inspiration from popular published poets, and performative practices from hip hop culture, slam poetry and storytelling. Popular live poetry reflects a working class ethos: in its form, its collective organization of poets in poetry crews, the bottom-up organization of its open-mics and slam events and the culture that comes to the fore through its activity. Yet, as a popular forum, it includes both working class and middle class participants. The communicative production of the form of live poetry draws poets and audiences together in ephemeral moments of complex, affective, intersubjective community. These moments are instructive: in combination with the public ritual of the event that safeguards against hierarchical inequalities across participants, they guide the diverse, cross-class participants in the imagination of new constellations of community and the rehearsal of an urban polis yet to be. My findings are based on research conducted from 2000 to 2004 and again from 2006 to 2007, in San Diego, CA, and to a lesser degree in Tijuana, MX and Austin, TX. I use methods of participant observation as an audience member and poet, ethnographic videography, and open-ended interviews with poets, audience members, event hosts and venue proprietors. I video-interviewed eight hosts of primary poetry events, forty poets, thirty audience members and video-recorded thirty-five acts of live poetry. I focus on the most popular event in the San Diego/Tijuana region during the first half of the decade of 2000 to ground my inquiry into the cultural and political meaning of popular live poetry at the millennium
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Home / Records Management / Disposal of Records / Temporary Records
Reference Number: CTAS-1191
CTAS-1191
If a record needs to be kept around for some reason after its initial use, then it is at least a temporary record. Temporary records are officially defined as “...material which can be disposed of in a short period of time as being without value in documenting the functions of an agency.”[1] Financial and payroll records are good examples. Payroll records have fulfilled their immediate purpose once your employees receive their checks. But those records also must be kept in order to comply with federal statutes and regulations and are important documents in the case of an audit. Most of these retention periods are fairly short (three to five years) and therefore it is simplest to keep most temporary records in their original paper format during this retention period. For a few classes of temporary records, the retention period is long enough or the class of records is so voluminous that it may be helpful and cost effective to transfer the record to a different format for storage during the retention period. Additionally, some temporary records may only exist in electronic format and will never be printed on paper. The law allows this practice as long as certain conditions are met. Regardless of what form the record is in (paper, computer disc, microfilm) the period of retention is determined by the content of the record and not its format. Although they take up less space, electronic records also need to be managed and preserved or destroyed in accordance with retention schedules and RDAs.
Once a temporary record has been retained for the period described in the schedule, then, like a working paper, it may be destroyed in accordance with the rules and regulations of the county public records commission.[2] The rules of the records commission should require the official wishing to destroy temporary records to notify the commission of the kind of record to be destroyed and cite an authority for its destruction. An easy way to do this is to use the five-digit code number that appears with each listing in the retention schedules as a reference for the authorization to destroy the record. Although your county public records commission may wish to individually review each request to destroy temporary records before approving destruction, it may also provide for a less cumbersome procedure.
Continuing Authorization for Destruction of Temporary Records
The Tennessee State Library and Archives has agreed that county public records commissions can provide “continuing authorization” to destroy records so long as the official is complying with the retention schedules. If your records commission adopts the retention schedules and adopts rules that allow for continuing authorization, it is recommended that all officials request continuing authorization from the commission. Once granted, they would only need to notify the commission when records are being destroyed in compliance with the schedule, identifying the type, age, and quantity of the records, and would not have to wait for further authorization or approval to proceed.
For example, many payroll-related records need to be kept for three years. The retention schedule for Employment Records describes those records and cites the federal regulations that establishes that retention period. To use continuing authorization to dispose of these records, use the following steps:
The public records commission should adopt the retention schedules.
The official who has custody of the records should develop an RDA that describes the records he or she believes fall into these records classes.
The public records commission should review the RDA to make sure it describes records which appropriately fall under the chosen retention period and then approve the RDA.
Once the RDA is approved, the official can begin destroying all records that are covered by the RDA which have been kept for the length of time designated in the retention schedule. As time passes and more records pass the threshold for destruction (in this case three years), the official can automatically destroy the records and send a brief notice to the records commission informing it of this action.
This process can continue indefinitely, without the need to make formal requests or wait on approvals, until such time as the official or the records commission determines that the RDA needs to be revised or reconsidered.
[1] T.C.A. § 10-7-301.
[2] T.C.A. §§ 10-7-406(b) and 10-7-413.
‹ Working Papers up Permanent Records ›
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abuseBullyingDatingFriendshiprelationshipssecretsSeparatedStarting Over
The truth reveals itself
When my boyfriend and I began dating, we had to keep it a secret.
He and his wife had separated and lived in different houses, but he didn't want his family to know the truth because of the drama it’d cause. (I understood, as we grew up together).
What pains me now, is that he never set the story straight.
We're coming up on an anniversary and I'd like to celebrate and let it known that we've been together this long. I'm proud to be his and for him to be mine. I love him more than anything.
When they finally got a divorce, everyone thought he left her for me, which wasn't the case since he dated someone before we got together.
I haven't asked him to tell everyone, but he acts like it's not a big deal.
Am I too sensitive? Other than this problem, our relationship is great.
The truth can be hurtful to others. Even though they were separated, he clearly felt that your relationship (which was well beyond dating) would cause problems for his ex, and perhaps also for his family.
And he may feel he’s protecting you from more certainty that you’re the cause of his breakup.
Meanwhile, you’re together and happy. If you ask him to tell you why he’s held back the truth, assure him that you’ll understand.
Then celebrate your anniversary privately for now – it won’t matter at all in time - and enjoy your life together.
My best friend just turned 49. I’ve been trying for years to encourage him to get his driver’s licence.
But for some reason he’s gone through all of his adult life waiting at bus stops and taxi stands.
He doesn’t have any handicaps or health issues. I think he’s greatly losing out on confidence, independence, and even dating.
He still lives in his mother’s house and pays her modest room and board.
He’s very smart, yet very complacent and often needs his mother and her basement as his security blanket.
How does this happen to someone who was once confidant, self-assured, and even lived on his own years ago?
Now, after a year or so of periodically being on his own, he always returns to the safety and security of his mother’s house.
I think this needs to stop, especially since he’s gainfully employed and can afford a decent small apartment.
He enjoys travel, drive-ins, Nascar, and going to car shows, yet has never had a driver’s licence.
A man, 49, living with his mother and without a vehicle and a driver’s licence, is this not a major turn-off for most women of the 21st century?
His mother even told me that her son “needs to leave the nest once and for all."
But she probably feels guilt about her only child struggling to survive in the modern world.
I think she’s doing more harm than good at this stage.
Concerned Friend
There can be many reasons for your friend’s semi-dependant lifestyle choice, which he either doesn’t understand himself or doesn’t want to share.
He may have some mental health issues like phobias. He may have more serious health issues that he feels are not anyone else’s business.
You have strong opinions about what he should be doing, but what he may need more of is compassion, and a friend who encourages him to get professional help towards restoring his self-confidence and independence.
He needs a broader approach to his well-being than just a driver’s license.
When I became pregnant, we moved near my husband’s family.
My boyfriend became physically abusive towards me.
His mother and sisters took his side, alienated me, watched him shove me to the ground, and blamed me.
They’d never even ask if I was okay.
Five years later, I left for two years, he was very apologetic, and we decided to try again.
Since then, his sister did something that put my son in a dangerous situation. His father refuses to say anything to any of them about it.
How do I get him to see how I feel when he won't stand up to his family for me or our son?
There’s history between him and his family – with bullying allowed. Your husband’s worked to behave better than them, but that doesn’t mean he can change them.
Still, for his own family’s sake, he must stand up to them. Or they’ll get away with worse.
If a happy fact can be hurtful to another, it’s best kept private awhile.
« Don’t give up, unless there’s nothing left to fight for
You’re not responsible for your partner »
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The History of Autism Part I – Origins of Autism
May 2, 2017 May 2, 2017 ~ Els For Autism ~ Leave a comment
In 1911 a Swiss psychiatrist known as Dr. Eugene Bleuler made a startling discovery. While studying individuals with schizophrenia, a term he coined, he noticed that many of those same patients had related symptoms that he hadn’t diagnosed before. These patients seemed entirely withdrawn, oblivious to the people around them, and completely self-absorbed. Finding a way to describe them, he stumbled upon the term “autism” derived from the Greek word “autos” meaning self, in this case wholly self-absorbed. This is my two part blog that focuses on this journey of autism from a symptom of schizophrenia to a federally recognized disorder—in 1991. In order to be aware of the present, we should also be aware of the past.
In the many years that followed Dr. Eugene Bleuler’s discovery, autism remained categorized as a version of schizophrenia for a sub-group of patients. In 1926 it was claimed that Soviet neurologist, Grunya Sukhareva, was the first to extract autism from schizophrenia. Dr. Sukhareva even used the term “autistic psychopathy” years before Dr. Hans Asperger (whom I’ll get to later) did to describe his patients. But the man who made the theory popular was Dr. Leo Kanner, an Austrian psychiatrist who ended up in the United States, due to poor conditions in his adopted homeland of Germany. Shortly after his arrival in 1935, Dr. Kanner wrote the pioneering book “Child Psychiatry”. It was this book that stoked the curiosity of a family from Forest, Mississippi, the Tripletts. The Triplett’s oldest son, Donald, had gone through many unusual symptoms that the family couldn’t figure out. The father wrote a very long essay to Dr. Kanner and he agreed to meet with Donald, who became known as autism’s Case #1.
What Dr. Kanner found out from Donald was groundbreaking in the world of psychology. Up till that point he thought that autism was a part of schizophrenia but now he wasn’t sure. Donald didn’t have delusions, nor did he experience “voices” or other hallucinations that were typical symptoms of people with schizophrenia. Donald was living in his own world, but it wasn’t separate from the reality he really lived in. In fact Donald, now in his 80s, has acknowledged that he didn’t cry when his mother died in 1985, because he “just didn’t react” not because he was oblivious to her death. These new findings, along with observation of several other patients similar to Donald, had Dr. Kanner propose a new theory that autism, instead of being a relative of schizophrenia, it was of its own being. He ended up calling it “infantile autism”, since his preoccupation was with children who shared those traits, and he published an article on his new theory called “Autistic Disturbances of Affective Contact”.
Around the same time, in the mid to late 1930’s, another Austrian psychiatrist laid the groundwork for deeper insight into the world of autism. Dr. Hans Asperger, whom Asperger’s Syndrome is named after, had met with patients diagnosed with “autistic behaviors” but were of a wider group and variety from the ones Dr. Kanner had seen, and had expressed greater interest in the most high functioning patients. While these patients exhibited many symptoms of autism, their symptoms were seen as benefiting them, not disabling them. Since he was not a child psychiatrist, he followed many of these patients through their successful careers, including the Nobel Prize in Literature winner, Elfriede Jelinek. Of these patients, he was convinced that “autism psychopathy” played a part in their successes. In fact, he even started a school for those with “autism psychopathy” but the school was destroyed and the co-founder killed during World War II bombings.
While one would expect such research to be crucial to the total understanding of autism, none of his work was translated into English and it took a year after Asperger’s death when the English speaking world learned about his research through British psychiatrist Lorna Wing, who published an article about him in 1981, calling his more specialized diagnosis as “Asperger’s Syndrome”, and coining the term “the Autism Spectrum”. But it took a decade later, for German developmental psychologist Uta Frith to put out the first translated works of Dr. Asperger, which ended up making Asperger’s Syndrome official as a universal disorder.
In the second half of this blog, I will convey the impact of the new diagnosis of a neurological disorder during a moment in time when the practice of eugenics, a political ethos built around genetic purity and the warehousing of the disabled, was popular. This became the governing ethos of a vile nation state during the 30s and 40s. I’ll also discuss whether or not a counter-intuitive disorder like Asperger’s Syndrome was turned into a political gambit by its very own namesake. And lastly, I’ll share information on the first popular “root cause” of autism, the Refrigerator Mother Theory, which has been discredited. Hope you had a lovely Autism Awareness Month in April, and stay tuned for more history!
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The British School of Malaga | Learning | Secondary School | Welcome from the Head of Secondary
As the Head of Secondary, I am proud to welcome you to the Secondary Department of the British School of Málaga.
Secondary education at the British School of Málaga starts in Year 7 when students are 11 years old. They spend three years in Key Stage 3 where they start new subjects like science and modern languages, while continuing with “Lengua” and “Sociales” from the Spanish Curriculum. They then start their IGCSE courses, which last 2 years, in Year 10 before moving on to A-Levels. Students at our school complete their education with both Spanish and English qualifications: IGCSEs, ESO, A-Levels and Bachillerato, providing them with the opportunity to study and work all over the world.
We are immensely proud of what our students achieve. Having said that, life here at the British School of Málaga is about much more than exam results. We want to ensure that our students become well-rounded individuals by giving them opportunities to develop in line with our 8 core values of Aspiration, Collaboration, Communication, Creativity, Independence, Leadership, Reflection and Resilience. These qualities are developed both in lessons and on the basis of our broad Extra-Curricular programme. We offer a range of leadership opportunities from the chance to become House Captain of one of our four School Houses (Earth, Fire, Water and Wind) to reading with Primary school students.
Amazing things are happening. Why not arrange a visit so that you can see for yourself?
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SUMMARY OF:
Directive (EU) 2018/2001 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources
WHAT IS THE AIM OF THE DIRECTIVE?
It recasts and repeals previous legislation (Directive 2009/28/EC, Directive (EU) 2015/1513 and Council Directive 2013/18/EU).
It establishes a common system to promote energy from renewable sources* across the different sectors. In particular, it aims to:
set a binding EU target for its share in the energy mix in 2030;
regulate self-consumption for the first time; and
establish a common set of rules for the use of renewables in electricity, heating and cooling, and transport in the EU.
The increased use of energy from renewable sources will be crucial to combat climate change, protect our environment and reduce our energy dependency, as well as to contribute to the EU’s technological and industrial leadership and the creation of jobs and growth, including in rural and isolated areas.
Promoting renewable forms of energy is one of the goals of EU energy policy. The increased use of energy from renewable sources is an important part of the package of measures needed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to comply with the 2015 Paris Agreement on Climate Change and the EU policy framework for climate and energy (2020 to 2030).
This recast directive, along with the revised Energy Efficiency Directive and a new Governance Regulation, is part of the Clean Energy for All Europeans package, which aims to provide new, comprehensive rules on energy regulation for the next decade.
The directive:
ensures that the EU’s binding target is achieved cost-effectively;
establishes a stable, market-oriented European approach to renewable electricity;
provides long-term certainty for investors and speeds up procedures for permits to build projects;
enables consumers to take part in the energy transition with the right to produce their own renewable energy;
increasing the use of renewables in the heating and cooling and the transport sectors;
strengthens EU sustainability criteria for bioenergy.
The directive includes:
a binding EU overall target for 2030 of at least 32% of energy from renewable sources;
rules for cost-effective and market-based financial support for electricity from renewable sources;
protection of support schemes from modifications which put existing projects at risk;
cooperation mechanisms between EU countries, and between EU countries and non-EU countries;
simplification of administrative procedures for renewables projects (including one-stop-shops, time-limits, and digitalisation);
an improved guarantee of origin system, extended to all renewables;
rules allowing consumers to produce their own electricity, individually or as part of renewable energy communities, without undue restrictions;
in the heating and cooling sector:
an annual increase of 1.3 percentage points in the share of renewable energy in the sector
the right for consumers to disconnect from inefficient district heating and cooling systems and
third-party access for suppliers of renewables and waste heat and cooling to district heating and cooling networks;
in the transport sector:
a binding target of 14% with
a specific sub-target for advanced biofuels of 3.5% and
caps on conventional biofuels and on high indirect land use change risk* biofuels;
strengthened EU sustainability criteria for bioenergy, by extending their scope to cover all fuels produced from biomass regardless of their final energy use.
FROM WHEN DOES THE DIRECTIVE APPLY?
It has applied since 24 December 2018 and has to become law in EU countries by 30 June 2021.
Renewable energy (European Commission).
Energy from renewable sources: energy from renewable non-fossil sources, such as wind, solar (thermal and photovoltaic), aerothermal, geothermal, hydrothermal, ambient heat, tide, wave and other ocean energy, hydropower, biomass, landfill gas, sewage treatment plant gas and biogases.
Indirect land use change risk: changes in land use are brought about by growing more crops for ethanol or biodiesel production in response to the increased global demand for biofuels. There can be unintended consequences, including releasing more carbon emissions.
Directive (EU) 2018/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources (recast) (OJ L 328, 21.12.2018, pp. 82-209)
Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 on the Governance of the Energy Union and Climate Action, amending Regulations (EC) No 663/2009 and (EC) No 715/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council, Directives 94/22/EC, 98/70/EC, 2009/31/EC, 2009/73/EC, 2010/31/EU, 2012/27/EU and 2013/30/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, Council Directives 2009/119/EC and (EU) 2015/652 and repealing Regulation (EU) No 525/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 328, 21.12.2018, pp. 1-77)
Directive (EU) 2018/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 amending Directive 2012/27/EU on energy efficiency (OJ L 328, 21.12.2018, pp. 210-230)
Directive 2012/27/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 on energy efficiency, amending Directives 2009/125/EC and 2010/30/EU and repealing Directives 2004/8/EC and 2006/32/EC (OJ L 315, 14.11.2012, pp. 1-56)
See consolidated version.
Directive 2009/28/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources and amending and subsequently repealing Directives 2001/77/EC and 2003/30/EC (OJ L 140, 5.6.2009, pp. 16-62)
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edm, edm news, findyoursounds, music, music news, new release, official music video, share your sounds, this is my sound
LUCAS & STEVE TEAM UP WITH ARMIN VAN BUUREN FOR INFECTIOUS NEW SINGLE ‘DON’T GIVE UP ON ME’ CLUB MIX ULTRA mainstage
Posted by findyoursounds on April 7, 2019 April 7, 2019
It could not be a more exhilarating point in time to be a Lucas & Steve follower as the Dutch pairing is making a powerful stance with their third release thus far in 2019. Arriving just as Miami Music Week reaches its pinnacle alongside the kick-off of ULTRA Music Festival, the duo is teaming up for what will be one of the year’s most massive collaborations with Armin van Buuren. ‘Don’t Give Up On Me’ is officially out now via Armada Music across all available digital streaming platforms.
STREAM/PURCHASE: LUCAS & STEVE, ARMIN VAN BUUREN – ‘DON’T GIVE UP ON ME’
‘Don’t Give Up On Me’ is flawless aggregation of both artists’ styles as they move towards the slightly lighter side of the dance music playing field. Lucas & Steve’s instantaneously recognizable melodies are flooded throughout the three-minute release as they host a sedative male vocal over a lively house instrumental to aptly ignite the arrival of spring. All three producers proceed to shine brightly on the chorus-led house drop for a blissful production that is a sure-fire lock for both radio airwaves and DJ performances this summer.
“Armin’s music inspired us a great deal back when we were young; we’ve both got some of his music on vinyl back at home. So, naturally, we thought it was super cool to finally produce a track with him that really merges our respective sounds. We’re very proud of this song!” – Lucas & Steve
“I had so much fun working with these guys. I knew Josh from his amazing work on ‘Sunny Days’ and had always wanted to produce a record together with Lucas & Steve, simply because these guys are extremely talented. I had a blast and I think the quality of the record shows it, as these guys really worked their magic. I’m super happy with the result.” – Armin van Buuren
“I’m so excited to be releasing ‘Don’t Give Up On Me’ with Armin and Lucas & Steve! The song has been an amazing journey, from heartfelt writing sessions to incredible production and a music video shoot that was every bit as fun as it looks. I’m honored to be sharing such a beautiful tune with these legends and I hope you all love it as much as we do!” – Josh Cumbee
STREAM/PURCHASE: LUCAS & STEVE – SAY SOMETHING
‘DON’T GIVE UP ON ME’ – TRACK ASSETS
It’s safe to say that in just the first three months of 2019, Lucas & Steve is already on pace to topple their previous 12 months. The duo has now officially delivered three singles thus far, including their Madison Mars collaboration ‘Lunar’ and their most recent smash single ‘Say Something’, which saw an extensive list of support from the likes of Dimitri Vegas & Like Mike, Afrojack and Nicky Romero. The duo is currently in the midst of their unbelievably busy Miami Music Week, which included events for Spinnin’ Records as well as Bassjackers and Breathe Carolina. With Armin van Buuren slated for an appearance on the ULTRA Mainstage this weekend, those in attendance will be guaranteed to witness the live debut of ‘Don’t Give Up On Me’ right in Miami.
armin van buurendon't give up on meLucas & Stevemusicultra mainstageultra music festivalUltra Music Festival 2019
Previous Post CHUCK WONDERLAND FREE LIKE A BIRD (FEAT. LARRY LYNCH) OUT NOW VIA ELEKTRA RECORDS / WARNER MUSIC
Next Post Back to Basics announce Orchestra with artists from M People, Groove Armada, Living Joy and more all performing.
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This Week at the Turf Club: June 7, 2016
Submitted by First Avenue on Tue, 06/07/2016 - 3:39pm
Tuesday: The Blasters
The Blasters exemplify the best traditions of American Music, performing with passion and honesty that for over three decades has won the hearts and souls of fans worldwide. Their influences range from the likes of George Jones and Carl Perkins to Ike Turner, Howlin’ Wolf, James Brown and Big Joe Turner, all blending into a sound that ignores the lines between Rock & Roll, Country, Blues and Rockabilly. Fun On Saturday Night (Rip Cat Records) is the Blasters’ sixth and latest studio album, featuring twelve tracks that extend the band’s legacy of classic recordings.
Sounds like: The Stray Cats, Carl Perkins, Southern Culture on the Skids
Friday: Robert Ellis
Robert is an American folk singer-songwriter based in Huston, Texas. His life and his experience shine through in his work; his days growing up in a small industrial town in Texas, his move to Houston, and now as a 24-year-old man, when not on the road performing around the world, living with his wife in Nashville. Ellis’ growth as a man and musician is clear on The Lights From The Chemical Plant, his most recent album release.
Sounds like: Andrew Combs, Lydia Loveless, Nikki Lane
Saturday: Falcon Crest Record Release
Falcon Crest was a band in the early 2000’s to 2011. We were loud.Ben Ivascu (Drums), Ben Stewart (Guitar/Vocals), Brandon Onward (Guitar/Vocals), Pete Biasi (Bass/Vocals).
Sounds like: Malachi Constant, Askeleton, Thunder in the Valley
Sunday: Outlaw Brunch with Bourbon County (early show)
It’s a good ‘ole country brunch, featuring Bourbon County on stage, and breakfast tacos on your plate. We make a darn good Bloody Mary, and can cook up some serious huevos rancheros, so swing in y'all.
Bourbon County Outlaw Country. The songs were about drinking, drugs, hard working men and honky tonk heroes. Waylon and Willie, and The Boys. Ryan Otte, DJ Kukielka, Sean Hoffman.
Sunday: Eliot Sumner (evening show)
Born in northern Italy on July 30, 1990, Eliot Pauline Sumner received a first-rate musical education from her father, Sting. She grew up in a small village in Wiltshire, England, and kept herself largely removed from the glamour and glitz of her father’s career. By her mid-teens, however, “Coco” Sumner had taken a cue from her dad by composing reggae-flavored songs of her own, many of which were posted to her MySpace page. Several labels took interest in the material, and she subsequently signed a multi-album deal with Island Records.After spending a couple of years working on new songs, in 2014 Sumner announced that she would henceforth release music under her birth name. The Information EP arrived that August. A pair of songs from that debut EP eventually made their way to her first proper solo full-length, also titled Information, which was released in January of 2016.
Blog by Ellie Moonen
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Fluoride tablets kill Jason Burton(2)
fluoridefreesudbury Babies, Brain, Health, Uncategorized May 29, 2018 May 29, 2018
From Peter Meiers – http://www.fluoride-history.de
Fluoride tablets kill Jason Burton (2)…
… yet “authorities” claim no person in Australia ever died of fluoride poisoning.
FROM: “National Fluoridation News” XXII (Jan-March 1976) p. 2:
Child poisoned by fluoride
My husband and I have agreed on writing this letter in the hope that it may prevent someone going through the experience we suffered in May 1973.
In July 1970 we were told by our doctor that we were going to have a baby. In my first visit to the Hospital for a check-up in October, I was told by the Matron to start taking fluoride tablets for the benefit of the baby. I did so until the 20th of February 1971 when our first child, Jason, was born.
When he was one year oild the welfare clinic told me to start giving him 1/2 of a fluoride tablet per day. I did so for 15 months. When he was 27 months old he got hold of the fluoride tablets, and at the time I didn´t know how many he had eaten, but I knew it wasn´t many.
I took him to the doctor straight away and he gave our son a stomach pump treatment. The doctor told me he could only find four tablets in his stomach. I was told to take him home and he would sleep for a while, but he would be okay when he woke up. This was at 2:00 P.M.
At 5:30 P.M. I realized that something was wrong, as I couldn´t wake him. I rang the doctor and was advised to take him back to the surgery. The doctor saw him staright away and told me to take him to the maternity hospital. As we arrived he was still unconscious and he stopped breathing. The doctor put him in a respirator immediately.
The doctor and the nurses didn´t believe that he could be so ill from taking fluoride tablets until they did some test on him. They told us it would take 200 to 500 tablets to make him so sick. There were less than 100 tablets in the bottle before he touched it.
On May 15th, five days after admission, Jason passed away. The doctor verified that his brain, due to fluoride poisoning, was completely dead.
We have now two children. They have never or will never receive fluoride tablets from us.
We are completely against fluoridation of drinking water and we hope that this letter will help stop such a thing from happening.
Mr. and Mrs. A. Burton
Kirkdale, Brisbane
FROM: Dukes M.N.G.: “Side Effects of Drugs, Annual 4”, Excerpta Medica, Oxford 1980, p. 354
Fluoride (SEDA-3, 399)
At least three fatalities have occurred due to the fact that the toxicity of fluoride is often underestimated. One case report may be cited.
A boy aged 27 months swallowed an unknown quantity of fluoride tablets containing 0.5 mg each. As the bottle contained less than 100 tablets, the unconscious child was sent home after a gastric lavage yielding 4 (!) tablets only, with the assurance to the parents that no risk existed. Three and a half hours later respiratory failure began to develop and the child was hospitalized; he died five days later. Even at the hospital the parents were told that 200 to 500 tablets would be required to endanger the child.
5 – 10 g of fluoride are commonly considered to comprise the acute lethal dose; the child in question had received less than 50 mg, which suggests an enormous difference between the supposed and actual lethal dose, even allowing for the age of the victim. It is true that the mother had received fluoride during pregnancy and that the child had received 0.5 mg daily for 15 months before the incident occurred but one must wonder whether the chronic load could have been sufficient to lower the acute lethal dose so drastically. This overdosage risk must be added to known risks attributable to fluoride in normal doses (i. e. gastrointestinal bleeding and atopic dermatitis) (33 c)
FROM: John Yiamouyiannis: “Fluoride the aging factor”, Health Action Press, 1983, p. 85: (The statement was originally published in the “Melbourne Truth”, Australia, Nov. 3, 1979)
A spokesman for the Queensland Justice Department confirmed that Jason´s death was caused by fluoride poisoning. He said the death certificate was authentic. It records the cause of death as fluoride poisoning.
“Mrs. Burton (Jason´s mother) recalled the day her nightmare began: ´I was getting some carpet laid while Jason was having his afternoon sleep. After about five minutes – definitely not more than seven – I got the feeling something was the matter. Jason was sitting on the floor with a bottle of fluoride tablets. I rang the doctor and said Jason had taken some of the tablets, not many … about half a dozen.´
Mrs. Burton said the doctor told her to take Jason down to him and had then given the child a stomach pump. ´I asked the doctor if he had found any fluoride tablets and he replied that he had found four.´ …”
DENIAL:
Letter from Dental Surgeon Sydenham Dobbin, B.D.S., F.I.C.D., Yass Australia, to Prof. Schuebel, of Duesseldorf, Germany, in response to a request from Prof. Schuebel relative to the claim by Yiamouyiannis, cited above and mentioned by me in a TV discussion:
Dear Professor Schubel,
The document you sent me for verification is false. I have spoken with the Department of Justice in Queensland, and they stated that they never made such a statement.
The Poisons Advisory Department in the Royal Children´s Hospital in Sydney, keeps a record of all people poisoned in Australia.
The Director told me when I read her the statement, that no child (or adult), had died of fluoride poisoning in Australia.
Furthermore, she said that a number of children had swallowed up to 200 fluoride tablets, and it had not affected their health at all.
I also contacted the Cancer Council of New South Wales. This Council keeps a record of all deaths from cancer in New South Wales, both from a statistical basis, and a geographical basis. The director said that despite the fact that 85% of the population of New South Wales was drinking fluoridated water, there was no increase in the incidence of cancer. Some towns have had fluoridation of the water supply for 30 years (Yass).
I am enclosing some literature which you will find interesting. It will enable you to refute the false hysterical claims of the anti fluoridationists.
(signed)
S. DOBBIN, B.D.S., F.I.C.D.
Post-Mortem Examination (Medical certficate of the Cause of Death):
(Form E)
STATE OF QUEENSLAND
“The Registration of Births, deaths and Marriages Acts, 1962 to 1967”
POST-MORTEM EXAMINATION
(Medical Certificate of the Cause of Death)
To the Registrar for the District of BRISBANE
I HEREBY CERTIFY that on 16th May, 1973, by order of W. R. PULLAR Esq., Coroner, I made a Post Mortem Examination of the body of a male aged 2 years, named JASON BURTON who is stated to have died at Mater Childrens Hospital and, in my opinion, the date of death was 15th May, 1973, and the cause of death was
Disease or condition directly leading to death :… Fluoride poisoning
Dated… 16.5. 1973 ……………………………………….N. G. Johnston (Government Medical Officer)
Post-Mortem Examination Report
CORONERS ACT 1958-1972
Name:_______BURTON, Jason________Address:_____16 Hardwick Street______
___________Wynnum West__________
P.M. Authorised by W. R. Pullar, Coroner No. _____23538_____________________D.O.B.: 20.2.71___Age: 2____Sex: M____
Time and Date of Death: 4.50 P.M. 15.5.73
Time and Date of P.M.: 10.00 A.M.16.5.73
Place of P.M.: Institute of Forensic Pathology
Police Officers attending P.M.___________ Constable Kennedy, Woolloongabba__________.
1. EXAMINATION STATURE_86 cm__WEIGHT_13.6 kg_BUILD__Medium__NUTRITION__Good
__________________RIGOR MORTIS___Present_____HYPOSTASIS___Present______
The scalp, skull and membranes appear normal. The brain shows extensive autolysis, consistent with death having occurred some time previously. There is no other significant abnormality of the brain
Weight of Organs
(Grams)
The larynx, pharynx and trachea appear normal. The pleural cavities are clear. Both lungs show moderate congestion and oedema.
L. 130 g
R. 138 g
The pericardial cavity is clear. The heart and the great vessels appear anatomically normal
The liver is congested but otherwise normal. The gall bladder and biliary tracts are normal
Spleen: 40 g
Both kidneys appear normal. The adrenals and thymus gland appear normal for age.
L. 41 g
R. 49 g
COMMENT:No pathological change which could have caused death could be found in any organ at the post mortem examination. However, the autolysis of the brain tissues was so marked that any evidence of a disease such as encephalitis would be impossible to find.
In my opinion, therefore, the most probable cause of death was fluoride ingestion because of:-
1. The history of fluoride overdose.
2. The supporting evidence of a positive blood fluoride level.
3. The absence of any other disease process.
2. OPINION AND COMMENT as to Cause of Death ___Fluoride Poisoning__________To____________________________________Signature________(Signed)____________
Hospital Report (“Discharge Summary”)
MATER MISERICORDIAE PUBLIC HOSPITALS — SOUTH BRISBANE
NAME……..BURTON…….Jason..Paul………………………….AGE…..2……..
ADDRESS………16 Hardwick S t.,…………………………………………………..
………………………Wynnum West………………………………………………………
ADMITTED……10.5.73……………………………………Died…15.5.73……….
REFERRING DOCTOR………..Hansen……………………………………………
FINAL DIAGNOSIS…………….Flouride Ingestion……………………………..
SUMMARY OF HISTORY, CLINICAL FINDINGS, INVESTIGATIONS, TREATMENT AND PROGRESS
This child was admitted to hospital via casualty in a moribund condition.
The child was said to have swallowed an unknown quantity of flouride tablets (2 mg). but more than likely he would not have swallowed more than 50 tablets. This was said to have happened approximately 6 hours prior to admission. The child did have access to several other drugs. These drugs included Polarmine, Elexamine, Robinul and Dormel. However, it was unlikely that he may have swallowed any of these other tablets.
On EXAMINATION: Blood pressure 50 systolic and there was only fair peripheral perfusion. The pupils were dilated, unequal and irregular.There was generalized muscular hypotonia. There were no focal neurological signs. The pulse was 100 per minute, regular R.T.A.and there was normal sinus rythym on E.C.G. Immediate treatment was instuited with the administration of I.V. SPPS. This bought his blood pressure back to 100/systolic. As the child had had an respiratory arrest five minutes after arrival in the casualty dept, he was taken to theatre and a naso-tracheal tube was inserted. The patient was then placed on the Bird´s respirator with intermittent positive pressure respiration. Very intensive observations were instuited. Because his presentation was consistent to a flouride intoxication he was treated accordingly. He was given doses of 10% calcium gluconate I.V. Blood was taken for analysis of the most common poisons, and a sample of blood was also sent to a state government analysist for estimation of serum flouride.Over the next few days this patient made no improvement whatsoever. E.E.G. was performed on 14.5.73. The trace was completely flat. It was thought the prognosis was absolutely hopeless. The respirator was turned off 15.5.73 and life was pronounced extinct.
The level of serum flouride, although it was elevated was not regarded as being in the toxic range. However, the sample of blood had been taken approximately 10 hours after ingestion.
S. Fluoride level <100 µg/100 ml (Toxicity levels 200-300 µg)
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Walking together
Jade and Halia are walking to their friend’s house (5 doors down) to play. I suggest they hold hands and tell them to stay by the side of the road when they walk.
Jade: “Yes, we will.”
Halia (to Jade, after the door is closed behind them): “You will hold my hand, so the cars don’t get me and make me dead.”
I can see them walking over, jumping over the cracks together, one dark sweater, one bright pink shirt. And life is beautiful.
Tags: kids, love, parenting, safety
Categories Halia, Jade
Sayin’ “I love you”
When I was growing up, my family was never the type to say, “I love you.” It just wasn’t done. I went to Catholic school and once we had a mass in the gym where the priest gave a homily that I don’t remember much about, except that he inspired and encouraged us to go home and tell our families that we loved them.
I went home and nervously approached my mom in the kitchen and sheepishly mumbled, “I love you.” Because I did, after all. She came right over and gave me a hug, looked at my sympathetically and kindly asked, “What did you do?” Needless to say I didn’t try that experiment again for a long time.
Over time, different forces changed my family so that we did, in fact, begin to say “I love you”, and now we say it often and naturally. It’s important to me to mean it, to ensure that it’s not just a throw-away phrase at the end of our phone conversations.
I guess it’s always been important to me to be truthful or at least careful about using this particular phrase, maybe because we didn’t say it much when I was growing up. I remember the first time a boyfriend told me he loved me. We were standing in the entrance of my house and I was completely stunned and didn’t say anything back, which must have been rather disconcerting for him. But I didn’t want to say it if I didn’t mean it, and I hadn’t figured out yet what I was feeling. Poor guy.
A friend in university had a boyfriend with similar feelings of restraint. I love the story she told me about how they were parked somewhere one evening and he was compelled to say, “I… I… LIKE you STRONGLY!” Ahh, there’s nothing like a little conviction to sweep a woman off her feet.
It’s only in the last year or two that I’ve been able to start saying, “I love you” to the rest of my family — by which I mean the family I married into. It’s not that I haven’t loved them for years, it’s just that I don’t often hear them saying it. Michael’s not too mushy with his parents, and his dad in particular is not given to flagrant displays of emotion. But with distance and Granny’s battle with cancer, we’ve all become more able to say it. Well, at least the women have. I’ve told Marian and Lindsay and both Granny and Pop that I love them. But I have a feeling that Jim would squirm. And so would Tim. So for them, I just feel it; perhaps we’ll grow into it eventually.
I’ve been promising to post my latest song (which isn’t even my latest song anymore), but I’m still having some issues with my throat, so haven’t been able to record it. Here’s a little something in the meantime, in the spirit of Valentine’s Day. It’s the song I wrote for my sister and her new hubby (hi Pedro!) for their wedding this past November. I admit that it doesn’t exactly have the deepest lyrics, but I wrote it as a way to say “I love you” to them, and so I share it with you today as a way to say “I love you” to all my family and dear friends.
The song is called “Together” and I’m accompanied by Mani Mobini. Please feel free to watch him instead of me in the video. (He’s cute, isn’t he? Sorry ladies, he’s already spoken for.)
Tags: Family, love, valentine's day
Categories Family, Fawn Performing, Music, Video
Romance, fluff, and other stuff
I can’t quite remember when I first started reading Harlequins; sometime in my late teens, I think. I had never thought of them as worthy reading material until I saw that they were regular fare for one of my smartest friends. Oh yes, and I had a roommate who had to read one and analyze it for a university course. So I gave them a try and they soon became an occasional part of my reading diet, sorta like a literary bag of chips: not much substance, done with quickly, and guiltily satisfying.
The trouble with reading Harlequins is that consuming too many is unhealthy. Seriously. One summer I was reading quite a lot of them and I could actually feel my view of the world getting skewed. I knew that the way relationships are portrayed in these books was completely unrealistic, but I was getting sucked into the idealism. I decided I’d better leave off the Harlequins if I didn’t want to damage my real-life relationship, and I went back to my staple of children’s literature, which is at least wholesome.
I still occasionally read a romance novel on holidays, though usually ones with a little more substance to them than the Harlequins. And these days, there’s always some “chick lit” available if a different kind of fluff is called for. But, just as healthy meal preparation has become more important since Jade started eating with us, reading choices in these times of limited leisure time are also more — I don’t know, what’s the word? — nourishing.
I guess that makes me a bit of a snob, but when faced with scarce resources — and time is certainly that — one must be at least a little picky. Of course, one of my main sources of reading material these days is not from books at all, but from the 40 or so blogs I’m subscribed to in my feed reader, the majority of which are mommyblogs. The neat thing about it is the ability to interact with the “characters” I’m reading about, getting to share ideas and to commiserate, which is something I find truly nourishing. Even when I end up going to bed late after catching up with everyone.
What are your favourite reads?
Tags: blogging, Books, love, romance, valentine's day
Categories Books, Life, the Universe, and Everything
“E-nfatuation”
I’ve enjoyed all the comments you made on the “First Kiss Controversy” post, so I am inspired to continue the Valentine’s week theme today.
I once heard a guy on the radio saying that if he’d been a teenager in the days of the rotary phone (hey, we had one of those!) he would never have gone on any dates. It takes so much more time to dial a number on a rotary phone, he said he would have lost his nerve before getting to the end of the number.
The story makes me laugh, but it has a ring of truth to it. I think back to my high school dating years and the amount of time I spent crafting perfectly-thought-out notes to guys about my thoughts on our relationship. This often involved a rough draft with many revisions and transpositions and crossings-out, and then a “good copy” written out as neatly as possible. You can imagine the hours of work that took. But it was important to me because I knew I wouldn’t be able to articulate all my thoughts in a face-to-face. (I like to think that I’ve matured since then, both on the over-analysis front, and on the ability to have a good, frank discussion on important matters.)
Anyway, where I’m going with this is, I wonder how it would have changed things if e-mail had been available at that time? Or texting, or whatever future development it is that Jade’s going to be growing up with? In high school, I once used a letter to break up with a long-time boyfriend. I know that sounds cold, but I couldn’t face him when I’d just found out he’d slept with some girl. (AFTER I’d already forgiven him for doing it with another girl months earlier and made all the harder by the fact that I was still a virgin. Ah, the drama of high school.)
But doesn’t a break-up by e-mail seem even worse? Somehow the time and effort it takes to craft a hand-written letter offsets at least a bit of the coldness. Plus with a letter you could actually decide to sit with the person while they read your point of view. As a teenager, would I have made a distinction between a letter and an e-mail? Would I even think of hand-writing anything?
What about asking someone out? Would e-mail make it easier for someone to get up the nerve? The first guy who was ever a “boyfriend” asked a friend to ask me out for him. (God, it makes me laugh to remember this stuff!) Maybe a text message would make the whole thing less stressful.
Whew! All of this makes me glad to be out of the dating game. But I do wonder what the minefields of romance will look like for our kids as they start growing up.
Okay, maybe I’m not over the whole over-analysis thing yet. 😉
Tags: dating, love, romance, technology
With all the Valentine’s merchandise coming out in stores now (just a touch early, big surprise) I’ve been thinking about crushes lately. Would it be wrong to admit that I get crushes at the drop of a hat? Silly schoolgirl crushes, crushes on guys I’d never have a relationship with, crushes far too ridiculous to tell anyone about, at least until they’re over and are then fun to laugh about.
Like when I watched that fluffy thing “13 Going on 30” and totally had a crush on Mark Ruffalo by the end of the movie, he was so gosh-darned adorable (and so was Jennifer Garner, for that matter). But I also get crushes on people who do kind or thoughtful things for me, and I’m a total sucker for a guy who can sing, or one who can make me laugh.
The last time I read my high school diary one of the things that struck me most was the ridiculous number of guys I had crushes on. If you’re a guy who went to school with me before university and you’re a friend on Facebook, there’s about an 80% chance that I had a crush on you. My friend Shannon would say it’s because I’m a Scorpio, but I don’t really go in for astrology, so perhaps it’s just that I’m a loving person. Or something.
Whatever it is, Michael kindly puts up with it. I’ve always been open with him about my crushes; I figure it’s a good way to stay honest. Not that it’s ever been a problem, you know, ’cause Mark Ruffalo never returned any of my calls.
Wait a minute… cute, musical, funny, thoughtful (well… he tries!) No wonder I married Michael. (*heaves a sigh*) He’s due to get home tomorrow afternoon, and it couldn’t come soon enough.
Tags: crush, love, marriage
Categories It IS all about me!
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Iraq shows IT work needed
By Matthew French
"Network-centric warfare: not there yet"
"Friendly fire system gets good grades"
The Defense Department needs to do more to ensure its battlefield commanders have a comprehensive, integrated view of the battle, according to military leaders discussing initial lessons learned from the Iraqi conflict.
Commanders speaking Sept. 4 at the Marine Corps Association and U.S. Naval Institute's 2003 Forum said their forces fighting in Iraq earlier this year were able to resolve command, control and intelligence issues quickly, but they shouldn't have had to deal with them on the battlefield in the first place.
"Smart soldiers and Marines...worked it out," said Marine Commandant Gen. Michael Hagee. But "there were times when we couldn't communicate."
"We had voice, but no data," he said. "We should not be working these problems out just a few months before we cross that line of departure."
Hagee said more joint training in the future would highlight interoperability problems long before they would present themselves on a battlefield. In the meantime, network-centric projects are still not ready for battle, said Marine Maj. Gen. James Nattis, commanding general of the 1st Marine Division.
"Why is there no way to set up a database that we can all link into and all be simultaneously updated at once?" Nettis said. "It continually frustrates me. Fire, maneuver, friendly and enemy [status] — there are too many systems and none talk to each other."
Nettis said interoperability issues with coalition and allied forces in the desert presented an initial problem, but work between he and 3rd Infantry Division Commander Maj. Gen. Buford Blount was very well coordinated.
"I always knew what the 3rd Infantry Division was doing on my flank and the 3rd Infantry always knew what we were doing," he said. "But that is because Gen. Blount and I had a common picture in front of us. It was as much about visualization as a commander."
A problem that continues to plague forces in battle is friendly fire. Although far fewer troops died at the hands of allies during Operation Iraqi Freedom, any blue-on-blue deaths are unacceptable, said Vice Adm. Timothy Keating, commander of naval forces in Central Command and commander of the Navy's 5th Fleet.
"Blue on blue...there's too much of it," he said. "We enjoyed, or suffered, a lower percentage, but we're still getting too many hurt or killed at our own hands."
Keating said command and control was initially an issue with coalition Naval forces, but problems were quickly worked out. "There wasn't a single event where we had to shift an assignment from a coalition [ship] because of our inability to communicate," he said.
At the height of operations, Central Command's area of responsibility had 180 ships, of which 65 were with the coalition, Keating said. However, even when DOD's secure Secret Internet Protocol Router Network was deployed on coalition ships, it required a U.S. sailor to operate it because the Navy could not receive permission to release the technology to allied and coalition partners.
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Even before big upset, Virginia has history of NCAA flops
JEFFREY COLLINS (Associated Press)
The Associated Press March 23, 2019
Gardner-Webb's Jahean Cornwall (1) shoots as Virginia's De'Andre Hunter (12) defends during a first-round game in the NCAA mens college basketball tournament in Columbia, S.C., Friday, March 22, 2019. (AP Photo/Richard Shiro)
COLUMBIA, S.C. (AP) -- Last year Virginia became the first No. 1 seed to lose to a No. 16 seed. But the Cavaliers' recent history, even when they make it past the first round of the NCAA Tournament, isn't all that good.
Coach Tony Bennett has made the tournament six straight years while averaging six losses a season. He has been a top seed four times and a No. 2 seed once. He has not made a Final Four.
But perhaps it was a turning point when the top-seeded Cavaliers found themselves trailing by 14 points in the first half against No. 16 Gardner-Webb on Saturday, with the crowd turning on them and the memories of last year's upset by the University of Maryland-Baltimore County stirring, before they rallied back to win .
''You can come unraveled in that, and we have at times, and we fought through some of that stuff and came out on the positive end,'' Bennett said. ''So I think that was important for sure.''
Or maybe it was just another sign that a Virginia squad that rolled through the regular season would hit some kind of stumbling block, often against a lower seed, at the end of March.
The next test comes Sunday against No. 9 seed Oklahoma, which had one of the most impressive victories in the first round, beating Mississippi 95-72 .
The Cavaliers have been bounced out of the tournament in just about every way possible, outside of a buzzer-beater.
UMBC dominated Virginia last year, turning a game tied at halftime into a 20-point win.
The No. 5 seed Cavaliers went scoreless for nearly eight minutes in a second-round game against No. 4 Florida in 2017, losing 65-39 in their most lopsided loss in the past five seasons.
The No. 1 Cavaliers led No. 10 seed Syracuse 54-39 and were 9:30 from the Final Four in 2016 when the Orange scored 25 of the next 29 points.
In 2015, the No. 2 seed Cavaliers led just once, 2-0, in the second round against No. 7 seed Michigan State. The Spartans could never pull away but also were never really challenged in the 60-54 upset.
Michigan State also eliminated the top-seeded Cavaliers the year before. The No. 4 seed Spartans got a 3-pointer and a dunk on back-to-back possessions in a game that was tied at 51 in the final 91 seconds to win it, 61-59.
''That will always be part of our story. I understand that,'' Bennett said.
Junior guard Kyle Guy said the players know the pressure of their tournament struggles and are trying to keep from putting more pressure on themselves.
''Just trying to focus on what's important,'' Guy said. ''We got out of the first round my freshman year. Last year we weren't as fortunate. This year we got the job done.''
Virginia hasn't been to the Final Four since 1984, when a plucky seven seed in what was then a tournament with just 12 teams in a region made it to the national semifinals the year after Ralph Sampson headed to the NBA.
Bennett said he doesn't measure his own success by how far his team gets or whether he ever makes a Final Four. Instead, as he reminded his players often after the huge upset last year, defeats don't define who you are; instead, it is how you respond to adversity and how hard you try.
''It's a worthy goal to go after,'' Bennett said of the national championship, ''but only one gets it.''
More AP college basketball: https://apnews.com/MarchMadness and https://twitter.com/AP-Top25
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The case for letting school districts be school districts
David Osborne, known for his best-selling Reinventing Government, is out with a new book, Reinventing America’s Schools. To promote it, he is blitzing the country and filling the nation’s newspapers with an argument that is familiar yet powerful: High quality charter schools are the best hope for urban education, so states and cities should do everything in their power to allow them to grow and prosper, and school districts should embrace them as well.
Meanwhile, the District of Columbia’s new superintendent, Antwan Wilson, is out with a strategic plan that is also familiar and powerful, but not exactly aligned with Osborne’s vision. That’s because it doesn’t embrace charters, or even charter-like, schools. Though Wilson hints at granting principals more “autonomy to innovate,” there’s no “portfolio management” or talk about the system “steering instead of rowing.” Rather, in its call for “excellence, equity, and love,” it seeks to maintain DCPS’s reputation as one of the fastest-improving urban districts in the land—one that embraces the kind of systemic, top-down approach that Osborne abhors.
The question, for me at least, is whether D.C. and its recent success is sui generis, or is an exception that proves that reformers’ rules—about urban districts being obsolete—are themselves incorrect.
Let’s start with the part of Osborne’s argument that is hardest to refute: High-quality charter schools are getting incredible results, at increasing scale, and cities with the most of them are changing their students’ lives for the better. Osborne digs deep into the past decade of reform in New Orleans, D.C., Denver, and Indianapolis, and provides compelling evidence that the charter sectors in those cities are achieving breakthrough results. (Two years ago, we found this quartet to be the best cities for school choice as well.) He acknowledges that these cities are unusual for having combined charter quantity with charter quality, but Osborne believes that more urban communities can pull off a similar feat with the right policies and ample political courage.
So far so good. Any city in the country would be lucky to have large, dynamic, high-quality charter sectors like the ones Osborne lauds. And in places where the teachers unions still play machine politics with local school board elections, the central office bureaucracy is sclerotic, and the district educator workforce is mediocre or worse, I am all for growing the “market share” of charters to 100 percent.
But that’s not exactly what Osborne advocates. Instead, he wants urban districts to embrace a charter schools strategy, too. They need not dub them charter schools, mind you, but he wants them to empower principals with real authority over staffing and budgeting, and everything else. “Innovation schools” in Indianapolis—some of which have seen great success—are his model.
Let’s return to Washington, D.C., where almost half of kids attend charter schools, most of which are quite good. I for one would be happy to see high quality charters in the District continue to grow, taking 50, 60, 70 percent of the kids. But not within the DCPS structure. After all, D.C. has an effective charter school authorizer, and ample charter funding. If I’m a philanthropist, or an educator who wants to start a charter, why on earth would I want to do it with the school system rather than the D.C. charter board? Very few urban districts have figured out how to oversee high quality charter schools; more often than not they are terrible at it. In fact, once upon a time DCPS was allowed to charter schools, and they did a terrible job at it. Why ask them to do a job they will almost surely mess up?
The pragmatic answer, I suppose, is “real estate.” Urban districts own lots of school buildings, some of which have been recently renovated, and it sure would be nice if those could be used for charter or charter-like schools. That’s fine, but it’s a work-around. It would be better to fight and win the advocacy battles that would result in true charter schools getting access to these facilities outright. Charters are public schools, too, after all.
And what about the Antwan Wilsons of the world? If you are an urban superintendent, should you embrace the “innovation schools” approach? “Relinquish” power to school leaders, try to spark excellence through empowerment, as Osborne and many other reformers would have you do?
Maybe. Do you have a supportive school board (or mayor) that will allow you stand up to your teachers’ union, so that your principals will actually have the power to staff (and when necessary “unstaff”) their schools? Do your schools and their leaders, or at least a subset of them, have the capacity to be able to deal with greater authority and do something positive with it? Do your principals understand teaching and learning and curriculum alignment and all the rest? If not, do you have a strategy for recruiting leaders with those skill sets?
Ironically, DCPS may be the one urban district in the country right now, other than Indianapolis and Denver, that could mark all the boxes on this checklist. Its exceptionally weak union, unusually strong mayor, and years of productive instructional reforms—the best teacher evaluation system in the country, one of the strongest Common Core aligned curricular efforts as well—may make it well suited to an “empowerment” strategy.
Maybe this is what Chancellor Wilson has in mind when he writes that “we must build on what has worked—ranging from strong curriculum to a deep investment in talent—while giving schools and their leadership greater autonomy to innovate.”
Perhaps. But there’s also an argument for not changing what’s not broken, at least for the majority of DCPS schools that are showing real improvement. Michelle Rhee and Kaya Henderson proved that it is possible to replace central office bureaucrats with thoughtful, energetic staff; to roll out and continuously improve a smart teacher evaluation and feedback system; and to develop a great curriculum with teachers and for teachers. They put teaching and learning at the center of the system and have the results to show for it.
To be sure, “empowered” principals play a key role in all of this, but they aren’t expected to invent everything themselves. Perhaps because he’s a government reform guy, Osborne is apt to distrust centralization and laud school-based decision-making. But do we really want every school creating its own curriculum? Coming up with its own unique approach to evaluating teachers? At what point does “relinquishment” bleed into recreating the wheel, and wasteful, ineffective inefficiencies?
Rather than ask DCPS and other urban districts to be something they aren’t—akin to asking a leopard to exchange its spots for stripes—why not encourage them to play to their strengths, especially their biggest advantage—scale? This will allow them to offer continuity (in curriculum, expectations, etc.) to the significant percentage of urban students who bounce around from school to school; to influence the local teacher preparation programs in meaningful ways; to intersect with other social service agencies serving low-income children. Let the charters do “innovation” and “entrepreneurship” and let the districts do “systemic reform.” And if there are schools that districts simply cannot improve—and Osborne makes the case that DCPS has quite a few, concentrated in the poorest parts of the city—don’t waste time, money, and political capital trying and failing to fix them. Allow them to die a quiet death as their students move to great new charter schools instead.
By all means, let’s keep growing the high-quality charter schools sector in as many cities as we can. But as to what the legacy districts should do in response, let’s be honest that nobody knows the right answer for sure—which means that nothing that shows promise should be dismissed out of hand. Even the idea that (some) 100-year-old systems might be able to improve, reinvention, or not.
Mike Petrilli is president of the Thomas B. Fordham Institute, research fellow at Stanford University's Hoover Institution, executive editor of Education Next, and a Distinguished Senior Fellow for Education Commission of the States. An award-winning writer, he…
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Man Who Strangled Woman in His Basement Says He Thought God Would Resurrect Her October 3, 2018 David Gee
Man Who Strangled Woman in His Basement Says He Thought God Would Resurrect Her
By David Gee
I suppose if you believe Jesus was resurrected, you might be less likely to question a voice of “God” that tells you to kill a woman then bring her back to life.
Daniel Walter Kenning fatally strangled 45-year-old Jennifer Lee Moy in his basement, then told authorities that he was acting on God’s orders. He also said God promised him he would be able to resurrect her.
According to the complaint, Kenning told police he had met the women “previously at a wedding and that they had recently communicated on Facebook Messenger.”
In a statement to an investigator, Kenning said he had picked the woman up the night before and driven her to his home. The complaint said Kenning told police he had “tied (the woman’s) legs and handcuffed her arms to a table.” He then admitted to intentionally strangling the woman “with one hand until she died.”
According to the complaint, Kenning told the investigator that “God had told him he needed to kill someone and that he would be able to resurrect them.” Kenning also said he was “supposed to” kill the woman while they were together the previous weekend, but “could not do it at that time.”
Kenning faces a maximum sentence of 40 years’ imprisonment.
Kenning is charged with one count of second-degree intentional murder. It seems like a relatively small punishment given that this murder was premeditated and that his attorney may ask for a reduced sentence or even argue that his client is insane. That’s hard to believe given that his neighbors didn’t notice anything was off, and that he seemed like a “nice sort of chap.”
“Shocked is the right word, I guess,” said Hub Levandowski, who lives across the street from a house where authorities say the body of a 45-year-old Blaine woman was found Saturday…
Levandowski, who has lived at his home on the north side of St. Cloud for about 52 years, said he had spoken with Kenning a few times but did not know him very well. Levandowski said Kenning told him he was a truck driver.
“He seemed to be a nice sort of chap,” he said.
Levandowksi said police interviewed him on Saturday and asked if he had heard anything Friday night, which he said he did not. Levandowski said he does not know the Blaine woman.
All of his neighbors said Kenning’s home was quiet and well-kept, so they didn’t paint the picture of a sloppy person who can’t care for themselves. They also didn’t mention anything about his religious beliefs. That means we’ll learn soon enough if he really was devout and thought he heard the voice of God in his head or if he’s just using that excuse as a bargaining tactic in court.
Neither option should make anyone feel better.
(Thanks to @benjaminmpls for the link)
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Georgia College’s liberal arts education leads students to their passion
Submitted by Brittiny Johnson on Thu, 2015-05-28 08:36
Paige Stanley graduated from Georgia College with a degree in biology and a minor in economics in May 2015. During her four years, the opportunities she had at Georgia’s public liberal arts university allowed her to broaden her horizons and find her passion.
“In high school, I graduated as salutatorian. My goal then was to come to college and study viruses,” said Stanley.
During her sophomore year, Stanley and all other Georgia College students take a course called GC2Y, which focuses global perspectives in various disciplinary, multidisciplinary or interdisciplinary contexts. Stanley and her friend Taylor Winslow registered for a course that focused on the ethics of what we eat, and for both students, their lives were changed.
“The course was taught by Dr. Mark Causey, and it focused on animals in the food industry, animal abuse and the condition of workers in the industry,” said Stanley. “I walked out of that classroom one day and decided I had to make a change, and since then, my work has focused on that.”
Examining the ethics of our human relations with non-human animals and the evolutionary basis for human ethical systems was also instrumental to Winslow.
“Through the class, so much relevant information was brought up that I had never heard before. It opened up an entire area that I never knew anything about, much less was interested in,” said Winslow
A film they watched, in particular, really changed Stanley’s perspective on food and the beef industry.
“From that day on I knew my world had been altered forever,” said Stanley. “After seeing extreme cases of animal abuse and the conditions of the workers in the industry, I walked out of that room knowing I had to do all I could to make the industry more sustainable.”
As Stanley worked through her new mission in life, a chance conversation with Dr. Indiren Pillay, chair of the Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, opened a door to start researching ways to make that change.
“Dr. Pillay asked if I was interested in research, and I told him that I wanted to study the meat industry,” said Stanley. “He offered to allow me lab time and to design a project in my area of interest, so I reached out to Taylor to join me.”
The pair examined meats from local superstores and sustainable farms to determine the types and amounts of bacteria in the different products.
“We basically designed the research plan from start to finish,” said Winslow. “The experience definitely enhanced my enthusiasm for animal sciences and allowed us to do a hands-on research project.”
Their findings showed pathogens like E. coli and salmonella in some of the meats from chain stores, but none were found in the organic meats.
“I never dreamed coming to Georgia College that, as a biology major, a class taught by a philosophy professor on the ethics of what we eat would drastically change my path in life,” said Stanley. “It’s really the definition of the benefits of a liberal arts education.”
For Stanley, the next chapter of her life takes her to Michigan State University to pursue a master’s degree in animal science, with the hopes of ultimately making the meat industry more sustainable economically and more focused on animal welfare. Winslow will soon be applying to graduate programs to be a physician assistant.
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Class of 2022: Biology major migrates South for a public liberal arts education
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Posts Tagged ‘psychedelic’
Posted: June 10, 2013 in Anecdote, Music
Tags: 21st century schizoid man, albums, classic rock, guitar, Ian McDonald, King Crimson, Michael Giles, Music, Peter Giles, Peter Sinfield, progressive rock, psychedelic, Robert Fripp, rock
“In the Court of the Crimson King: An Observation by King Crimson” (1969)
In the late 1960s, Deram Records served as a designer label for British giant Decca, showcasing higher-fidelity stereo recordings. Among its early successful rock-oriented acts were the Moody Blues, who recorded their orchestral hybrid “Days of Future Passed” for Deram in 1967, and the likes of Procol Harum, the Move and Ten Years After.
One not-so-successful Deram band was Giles, Giles and Fripp, a trio from the seaside town of Bournemouth featuring brothers Michael on drums and Peter on bass, and Robert on guitar. Deram released “The Cheerful Insanity of Giles, Giles and Fripp” to sales of perhaps 500 copies, Fripp later calculated. The album serves as a charming artifact of Britain’s psychedelic era, featuring a variety of musical styles and spoken-word interludes in a manner that was meant to appeal to the relatively feel-good atmosphere of the era.
Later in 1968, the band was augmented by Ian McDonald, a keyboard and saxophone player, and briefly by Judy Dyble, who had preceded Sandy Denny as the female lead singer for Fairport Convention. Eventually, Peter Giles departed for a more financially secure career in computer programming, and he was replaced by guitarist Greg Lake, who switched to bass at Fripp’s request and took over as lead singer.
Meanwhile, McDonald recommended former bandmate Peter Sinfield as lyricist. One of his compositions was called “The Court of the Crimson King” and, with only one Giles now on board, the band was looking for a new moniker. And so King Crimson came to be.
The new quartet decided to turn up the volume while continuing to explore a variety of styles. The results wowed audiences as soon as the band debuted in April 1969, and King Crimson put itself firmly on the British musical map with a stunning performance at the free concert at Hyde Park in July 1969 headlined by the Rolling Stones, in front of perhaps half a million people. A recording contract with Island Records followed, and the band went to work on its debut album.
What resulted stands as the apex of what came to be known as progressive rock. “In the Court of the Crimson King” contains five extended pieces displaying a tremendous amount of skill and versatility on the musicians’ part, while creating well-suited soundscapes for Sinfield’s fanciful lyrics.
The first sounds of the album are of a railroad whistle, quickly followed by a primeval blast of heavy metal with the opening notes of “21st Century Schizoid Man.” Lake’s distorted vocals carry Sinfield’s uneasy visions of the present and future:
Cat’s foot, iron claw
Neurosurgeons scream for more
At paranoia’s poison door
21st-century schizoid man
Blood rack, barbed wire
Polititians’ funeral pyre
Innocents raped with napalm fire
Death seed, blind man’s greed
Poets starving, children bleed
Nothing he’s got he really needs
The musical accompaniment, composed by the core quartet, was unlike anything heard in the ’60s and still sounds advanced, combining a series of differing time signatures played at ear-splitting volume in a prime display of instrumental prowess. The middle section, titled “Mirrors,” features Michael Giles’ polyrhythmic drumming and Lake’s fluid base supporting Fripp’s sustain-laden guitar solo, followed by McDonald’s multi-tracked saxophones playing at a frenetic pace.
“21st Century Schizoid Man” quickly became a major selling point for the album, which jumped all the way to No. 5 in the U.K., and still stands as King Crimson’s most popular composition. It has been covered by such acts as Japan’s Flower Travellin’ Band, Canada’s April Wine and Voivod, and Ozzy Osbourne for his his 2005 album “Under Cover.”
On “In the Court of the Crimson King,” the pace slows down considerably for the second track, McDonald and Sinfield’s “I Talk to the Wind.” Rather than roaring guitars and saxophone, the featured instrument is McDonald’s flute, as he takes a lengthy, melodious solo in the middle, complemented by Giles’ creative percussion.
The lyrical themes of “Schizoid Man” return in “Epitaph,” which features McDonald playing Mellotron, an early version of the synthesizer, and Fripp’s acoustic guitar. Sinfield draws on concerns that still are pertinent today:
Knowledge is a deadly friend
When no one sets the rules
The fate of all mankind I see
Is in the hands of fools
The vinyl Side Two contains two extended pieces, although Fripp has done his best to abridge the first track, “Moonchild.” Rooted firmly in period psychedelia, the song starts as a relatively soft, melodic tale seemingly straight out of Tolkien:
Call her moonchild
Dancing in the shallows of a river
Lovely moonchild
Dreaming in the shadow of the willow
Talking to the trees of the cobweb strange
Sleeping on the steps of a fountain
Waving silver wands to the night bird’s song
Waiting for the sun on the mountain
Following the opening section is a lengthy free-form jam, lacking structure but notable for Giles’ use of alternation between his ride cymbals. At one point, Fripp quotes the Rodgers and Hammerstein standard “The Surrey With the Fringe on Top.”
At least, that’s what listeners of the original album hear. For the 1991 CD compilation “Frame by Frame,” Fripp jettisoned the entire free-form section, more than nine minutes’ worth. And in later reissues of “The Court of the Crimson King,” he eliminated about 2:30 of the jam. Today, the entire track can be heard as a bonus track on the album’s 40th-anniversary deluxe edition.
Closing the album is its title track, more or less, with McDonald’s signature Mellotron line carrying Sinfield’s lyrics about a mythical slice of royalty. “The Court of the Crimson King” actually was released as a two-sided single in the United States and reached No. 80 on the Billboard charts! Perhaps more improbably, the song was covered by “Tonight Show” bandleader Doc Severinsen for his 1970 album “Doc Severinsen’s Closet.” No word on what Johnny Carson might have thought.
The album cover for “In the Court of the Crimson King” is one of the most distinctive of the rock era, a nightmarish vision of abject terror created by a computer programmer friend of the band named Barry Godber. Sadly, he wouldn’t know of his artwork’s iconic legacy, as he died of a heart attack at age 24 shortly after the LP’s release.
To promote “In the Court of the Crimson King” in the United States, the band embarked on a well-received tour. As it wound down in December 1969, McDonald and Giles announced they were leaving the band. Also, Lake had made friends with Keith Emerson – keyboard player for the Nice, which shared the bill with King Crimson on several U.S. dates – and the pair combined with Atomic Rooster drummer Carl Palmer to write their own chapter in progressive rock history.
Fripp was left with King Crimson’s name but no band. Nevertheless, he went ahead with a followup album, “In the Wake of Poseidon,” which bears a stunning resemblance to the debut. Chipping in were both Giles brothers, with Lake providing vocals.
By the time of the band’s third album, “Lizard,” King Crimson had a completely different lineup. As it did for its fourth effort, “Islands.” And by the time of the fifth studio album, “Larks’ Tongues in Aspic,” yet another group of musicians called itself King Crimson, with Fripp as the only constant.
He dissolved the band in 1974, then resurrected it in the early ’80s, and again in the mid-’90s. King Crimson was active as a four-piece into the 21st century.
But even Robert Fripp acknowledges that his favorite incarnation was the one that closed the ’60s.
Posted: March 11, 2013 in Music
Tags: albums, blues rock, classic rock, country rock, guitar, Music, psychedelic
Well, it’s been over a year, with some long delays between posts. But we’re heading into the home stretch.
To repeat my disclaimer: The rankings are purely subjective, based on my respect for an album’s merits and how much I enjoy listening to it. Plus I’m striving to include a large variety of artists, meaning some would seem to get shortchanged in a way. For example, as I’ve noted, a great majority of Beatles albums deserve to be on any “top 100” list, but I wanted to acknowledge the Mans and Loves of the musical world, too!
Of the final 20 albums, many will have you nodding in agreement; others will have you scratching your heads. I will say that I pretty much formulated my opinions on these recordings decades ago, and if that makes me a “dinosaur” … hey, proud of it!
Here’s what we have so far:
100. “6 and 12 String Guitar” by Leo Kottke
99. “A Picture of Nectar” by Phish
98. “Mass in F Minor” by the Electric Prunes
97. “Back Into the Future” by Man
96. “Brave New World” by the Steve Miller Band
95. “Bridge of Sighs” by Robin Trower
94. “Dual Mono” by the Greenhornes
93. “Live” by Golden Earring
92. “New Riders of the Purple Sage” by New Riders of the Purple Sage
91. “Born Under a Bad Sign” by Albert King
90. “Blue Oyster Cult” by Blue Oyster Cult
89. “Hollywood Dream” by Thunderclap Newman
88. “Mothership Connection” by Parliament
87. “Smash Your Head Against the Wall” by John Entwistle
86. “Billion Dollar Babies” by Alice Cooper
85. “Blues Helping” by Love Sculpture
84. “Stratosfear” by Tangerine Dream
83. “New Dark Ages” by the Radiators
82. “High Time” by the MC5
81. “Third” by Soft Machine
80. “Blues for Allah” by the Grateful Dead
79. “Nazz Nazz” by the Nazz
78. “Fun House” by the Stooges
77. “Elephant” by the White Stripes
76. “Marquee Moon” by Television
75. “After Bathing at Baxter’s” by Jefferson Airplane
74. “Forever Changes” by Love
73. “White Light/White Heat” by the Velvet Underground
72. “Fear of Music” by Talking Heads
71. “Spectrum” by Billy Cobham
70. “Garcia” by Jerry Garcia
69. “London Calling” by the Clash
68. “Procol Harum” by Procol Harum
67. “Blue Train” by John Coltrane
66. “Physical Graffiti” by Led Zeppelin
65. “Vincebus Eruptum” by Blue Cheer
64. “Made in Japan” by Deep Purple
63. “Yer’ Album” by the James Gang
62. “The Gilded Palace of Sin” by the Flying Burrito Brothers
61. “The Who Sell Out” by The Who
60. “re-ac-tor” by Neil Young & Crazy Horse
59. “Truth” by Jeff Beck
58. “Safe As Milk” by Captain Beefheart & His Magic Band
57. “The Piper at the Gates of Dawn” by Pink Floyd
56. “#1 Record” by Big Star
55. “Lola vs. Powerman and the Moneygoround, Part 1” by the Kinks
54. “Head Hunters” by Herbie Hancock
53. “Twelve Dreams of Dr. Sardonicus” by Spirit
52. “Sticky Fingers” by the Rolling Stones
51. “The Inner Mounting Flame” by the Mahavishnu Orchestra
50. “Eat a Peach” by the Allman Brothers Band
49. “Band of Gypsys” by Jimi Hendrix
48. “Animals” by Pink Floyd
47. “Ogdens’ Nut Gone Flake” by the Small Faces
46. “American Beauty” by the Grateful Dead
45. “Exodus” by Bob Marley & the Wailers
44. “Layla & Other Assorted Love Songs” by Derek & the Dominos
43. “Volunteers” by Jefferson Airplane
42. “The Band” by the Band
41. “In a Silent Way” by Miles Davis
40. “The Psychedelic Sounds of the Thirteenth Floor Elevators” by the Thirteenth Floor Elevators
39. “Blues Breakers with Eric Clapton” by John Mayall
38. “Anthem of the Sun” by the Grateful Dead
37. “Rubber Soul” by the Beatles
36. “At Fillmore East” by the Allman Brothers Band
35. “The Dark Side of the Moon” by Pink Floyd
34. “A Love Supreme” by John Coltrane
33. “On the Beach” by Neil Young
32. “Spirit” by Spirit
31. “Led Zeppelin II” by Led Zeppelin
30. “Sweetheart of the Rodeo” by the Byrds
29. “Beggars Banquet” by the Rolling Stones
28. “Bringing It All Back Home” by Bob Dylan
27. “Hot Rats” by Frank Zappa
26. “Roger the Engineer” by the Yardbirds
25. “The Basement Tapes” by Bob Dylan & The Band
24. “Revolver” by the Beatles
23. “Are You Experienced?” by the Jimi Hendrix Experience
22. “Wish You Were Here” by Pink Floyd
21. “The Doors” by the Doors
Tags: albums, Break On Through, classic rock, Jim Morrison, John Densmore, Light My Fire, Oedipus, psychedelic, Ray Manzarek, Robbie Krieger, Soul Kitchen, The Doors, The End, Willie Dixon
“The Doors” by the Doors (1967)
In the summer of 1966, John Densmore, Robbie Krieger, Ray Manzarek and Jim Morrison entered Sunset Sound Recorders in Hollywood to record their first album as the Doors.
They’d been together a bit over a year by that point, but had wowed audiences in the hippest of Los Angeles nightclubs to the point where they were offered a contract by Columbia Records. That didn’t work out, but Elektra Records founder Jac Holtzman saw something he liked and signed the band. He’d also signed fellow LA band Love, which had some chart success in 1966 with its cover of Burt Bacharach’s “My Little Red Book.”
The Doors’ stated intention at one point was to be “as big as Love,” so they welcomed the opportunity to record for the same label. The equipment at Sunset sound was standard for the time but seems thoroughly archaic today: a four-track tape machine, onto which went the rhythm section on one track, guitar and keyboards on a second, and Morrison’s voice on a third. The fourth was to be used for overdubs. And that was that.
The sessions lasted only a week, wrapping up on Aug. 31, two days after the Beatles played their final public concert up the Pacific in San Francisco. The Doors then went back to concentrating on live performances, waiting for the album’s release.
That came on Jan. 4, one of the first albums to hit the shelves in 1967, which turned out to be a watershed year in music history, with much of the material that constitutes the backbone of Classic Rock arriving to enthusiastic audiences.
“The Doors” certainly helped set the stage. With “Light My Fire” topping the singles charts and the LP reaching No. 2, Morrison and company went from being local Los Angeles heroes to among the best-known bands in the United States and beyond, a status that, of course, continues to this day.
Although some of the album’s tracks are heavily rooted in the blues, stylistically “The Doors” bears little resemblance to most of the rock music being released at the time. The featured instrument, for example, was Manzarek’s Vox Continental keyboard, which he often played in a lively manner that evoked carnival music. His intro to “Light My Fire” is a prime example and helped define the band’s sound as it became a radio staple during the summer of ’67. Because the band lacked a bass player, Manzarek took care of the low notes, too, gaining him much acclaim among fans for his versatility and virtuosity.
Actually, the first single to be released from “The Doors” was the opening track, “Break On Through (To the Other Side),” which peaked at No. 126. It also was subject to the first instance of censorship involving the doors: Morrison’s original line “she get high” was altered to exclude the last word.
The song, itself, is prescient in the impact that the Doors and other bands that were gaining popularity at the time would have on the progression of rock music. Suddenly it was gaining a more “modern” sound that, looking past the recording limitations of the time, still sound contemporary today. The lyrics exemplify the sense of mysticism that would become one of Morrison’s trademarks:
You know the day destroys the night
Night divides the day
Tried to run
Tried to hide
Break on through to the other side
“Soul Kitchen” was a tribute to a Venice Beach restaurant where Morrison used to hang out to the point of being told, perhaps not so politely, to leave. The Doors often closed their concerts with the tune, its lyrics serving as a poignant way to say goodbye: “Well the clock says it’s time to close, now/I know I have to go, now/I really want to stay here
all night, all night, all night.”
The lighter side of the Doors comes shimmering through on “The Crystal Ship,” which plenty of fans got to know as the B-side to “Light My Fire.” Manzarek’s delicately played piano carries Morrison’s ethereal vocal as he sings what appears to be a love song, albeit kind of a twisted one, as the opening lyric might suggest: “Before you slip into unconsciousness.”
“Twentieth Century Fox” is a fun song, helping to propagate musically a popular term for a good-looking woman, along with Jimi Hendrix’s “Foxy Lady” of the same year. Morrison suggests an easy-to-behold visual of the tune’s subject as he weighs her pros and cons:
Well, she’s fashionably lean
And she’s fashionably late
She’ll never wreck a scene
She’ll never break a date
But she’s no drag
Just watch the way she walks
She’s a Twentieth Century Fox
No tears, no fears
No ruined years, no clocks
For the album’s first cover version, the band performs a spirited, somewhat campy rendition of “Alabama Song (Whisky Bar),” was originally was published in Bertolt Brecht’s “Hauspostille” in 1927 and set to music the same year by Kurt Weill in Weimar Germany. A musical cross between a foxtrot and blues, the song appears in the opera “Rise and Fall of the City of Mahagonny” as a discourse between prostitues.
The song that opened the door for the Doors began life as a relatively straightforward composition by Krieger. The distinctive intro was added by Manzarek, and his keyboard solo and Krieger’s guitar solo helped stretch the finished version of “Light My Fire” to nearly seven minutes. The edition that appeared on 45 was around three minutes, keeping all of Morrison’s vocals intact. The song continued to be a staple of the Doors’ live sets through the end of 1970, often clocking in at upwards of 20 minutes.
If “Light My Fire” presents Morrison’s voice at its most radio-friendly, Willie Dixon’s “Back Door Man” amply demonstrates his lascivious side, his whoops and yells leading in to his boasts about visiting married women: “Hey, all you people that tryin’ to sleep/I’m out to make it with my midnight creep.” Of course, the sexual innuendo has been misinterpreted over the years; then again, with everything we’ve come to know about Jim Morrison, who’s to say what he was thinking?
“The Doors” starts to wind down with three decent enough tracks: “I Looked at You,” the ethereal “End of the Night” and the hard-rocking “Take It as It Comes,” featuring a particularly dextrous Manzarek solo and Morrison’s exhortation to “specialize in having fun.” The song concludes abruptly with him shouting, “moving much too fast,” which serves as an appropriate counterpoint to what follows.
Radio listeners who bought “The Doors” expecting a bunch of “Light My Fire”-like ditties must have been taken aback by the album’s final track.
A strain of loose instrumentation opens “The End” on a suitably eerie tone, as do Krieger’s spare, minor-key guitar lines. Morrison sings what he originally intended as a song about his breakup with onetime girlfriend Mary Werbelow:
This is the end, beautiful friend
This is the end, my only friend, the end
I’ll never look into your eyes again
Can you picture what will be
So limitless and free?
Desperately in need of some stranger’s hand
In a desperate land
Simple and eloquent, the opening verses soon give way to the musings of Jim Morrison, Poet, who takes the listener on a mystic journey that culminates in a stunningly graphic Oedipal scenario, even though the version on record is whitewashed, with Morrison screaming instead of uttering the two key words that follow “Mother I want to …” He wasn’t shy about completing the thought in performance, though, getting the Doors banned from the Sunset Strip’s Whisky a Go Go after owner Elmer Valentine (1923-2008) took offense.
The Doors released five more studio albums before Morrison’s death on July 3, 1971. But although they all have their moments, particularly the finale “L.A. Woman,” the band never could match the creativity and impact of its debut.
Posted: December 17, 2012 in Music
Tags: albums, blues rock, Chris Dreja, classic rock, Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck, Jim McCarty, Jimmy Page, Keith Relf, Led Zeppelin, Paul Samwell-Smith, psychedelic, Roger the Engineer, Slowhand, the Nazz, Todd Rundgren, Yardbirds
“Roger the Engineer” by the Yardbirds (1966)
Album-oriented rock still was a long way off when the Yardbirds’ career got into full swing in the mid-1960s.
The band issued a string of hit singles that consolidated their status in their native Britain and the United States, classics like “For Your Love,” “Heart Full of Soul,” “Evil Hearted You” and “Shapes of Things.” Much of that material was compiled for two U.S.-only LPs, “For Your Love” and “Having a Rave Up With the Yardbirds,” which further enhanced their American reputation, particularly among fledgling guitar players who taught themselves to the riffs of Jeff Beck and Eric “Slowhand” Clapton.
In the summer of 1966, the Yardbirds finally released their first U.K. studio album, simply titled “The Yardbirds” but popularly known as “Roger the Engineer” because of the caption on drummer Jim McCarty’s distinctive cover portrait. Also confusing the issue is the name the album was given outside Britain: “Over Under Sideways Down,” after an LP track that became a hit single.
“Roger” turned out to be the only Yardbirds U.K. studio album, at least until the 21st-century version of the band released a CD called “Birdland” in 2003. The LP “Little Games,” featuring Jimmy Page on lead guitar, was a U.S.-only release in 1967.
Meanwhile, the overall Yardbirds discography has grown exponentially over the decades, with much of the band’s early material seemingly out there in the public domain for anyone who wants to slap together a collection for marketing purposes.
And so for music enthusiasts looking to dig into Yardbirds material, “Roger the Engineer” is a logical place to start. Not only does it represent the band’s most consistent full-length release, but it’s a damned good representation of the transition from garage rock to psychedelia.
Yardbirds bassist Paul Samwell-Smith co-produced the album, foreshadowing his transition from playing music to studio work. His bass guitar is the dominant instrument for the opening track as he provides the octave-scale hook for “Lost Woman.” At least, that’s until Beck fires off a scorching lead in the middle section, setting a precedent for much of the rest of the album.
“Over Under Sideways Down” features a fuzzed-guitar motif – Beck was a pioneer in getting that type of sound out of this instrument as vocalist Keith Relf provides a narrative worth of the band’s home of Swinging London:
Cars and girls are easy come by in this day and age
Laughing, joking, drinking, smoking ’til I’ve spent my wage.
When I was young, people spoke of immorality
All the things they said were wrong are what I want to be
The song represents the last major singles triumph for the Yardbirds: No. 13 on the U.S. charts and No. 10 in the U.K.
Beck spells Relf on lead vocal for “The Nazz Are Blue,” and although Jeff doesn’t sound particularly comfortable in that role, he started his solo career as a singing guitarist with the British Hit “Hi Ho Silver Lining.” As for “The Nazz,” it’s in a fairly standard 12-bar blues format, with Beck providing his usual stellar guitar. The song served as the impetus for the names of at least two American bands: Todd Rundgren’s band out of Philadelphia, which recorded three albums as the Nazz, and another group from Phoenix, until the members started calling themselves Alice Cooper.
“I Can’t Make Your Way” is an upbeat ditty that extols the virtues of living beyond the pale, so to speak: “Taxman, rent man, they all chase me, I ain’t home when they come around/Got no money, live my life free, that’s the best way I have found.”
Another Beck showcase is “Rack My Mind,” another blues-based, woman-done-wrong song driven by a memorable bass line. His guitar really comes to the forefront during the slowed-tempo middle section.
The brief, sparsely accompanied “Farewell” has Relf musing about the ills of the world throughout the days of the week, concluding on Sunday with the ominous: “On Sunday back inside my room, I draw the blinds, ’tis afternoon/I let my mind find its own ways, farewell to future days.” Who said the ’60s were all about flowers and sunshine?
“Hot House of Omagarashid” has the Yardbirds veering off into experimental territory, with rhythm guitarist producing a rhythm by shaking something called a wobble board and the band plunging into another bass-driven tune, this one enhanced by various members chanting an infectious “Ya-ya-ya!” lyric. The mono mix of the song features one of Beck’s most searing guitar leads.
“Jeff’s Boogie” pretty much is what the title indicates: Beck providing a workout to an instrumental line that strongly resembles Chuck Berry’s “Guitar Boogie.” He also throws in a few quotes from “Mary Had a Little Lamb,” perhaps as a nod to Buddy Guy.
The Yardbirds show their heavier side on “He’s Always There,” a lament about trying to hit on a girl when her boyfriend won’t leave her side. Beck’s playing is somewhat reserved until the outro, during which he plays a blazing guitar as Relf and others sing the song title repeatedly.
“Turn into Earth” is a foray into Gregorian chant territory, along the lines of the highly successful “Still I’m Sad.” Relf returns to the lyrical doom and gloom of “Farewell”:
Distant dreams of things to be
Wandering thoughts that can’t be free
I feel my mind turning away
To the darkness of my day
“What Do You Want” is the Yardbirds in rave-up mode, jamming to a catchy tune as Relf puts forth another lament about a fickle woman. As with many of the “Roger the Engineer” songs, this one is available in some collections in its instrumental form, again showing why Beck was regarded as one of the top young guitarists of the era.
The album closes on a foreboding note with “Ever Since the World Began,” a minor-key dirge that abruptly shifts to a much livelier tempo. Lyrically, it’s yet more familiar territory a la “I Can’t Make Your Way”: Band members chant, “I don’t need money,” as Relf expounds in a root-of-all-evil theme.
Most reissues of “Roger the Engineer” have included two additional songs, the single “Happenings Ten Years Time Ago” and its British B-side, “Psycho Daisies.” Both feature the short-lived lineup of Beck and Page sharing lead-guitar duties.
The A-side may mark the pinnacle of the Yardbirds’ creativity, but unfortunately it stiffed on the charts, peaking at No. 30 in the U.S. and No. 43 in the U.K. “Happenings” also represents an early collaboration between Page and John Paul Jones, who played bass.
In the United States, the B-side was “The Nazz Are Blue.” Rundgren must have bought the 45; not only did he name his band after one of the songs, but he covered the other on his “Faithful” album in 1976.
After “Roger the Engineer,” the Yardbirds’ commercial appeal declined significantly, and the band broke up in June 1968. Page put together another group to fulfill some contractual obligations, and so Led Zeppelin played its first several gigs billed as his previous band.
If he, Jones, Robert Plant and John Bonham played any “Roger the Engineer” material together, it has not been recorded in any Led Zeppelin histories.
Posted: October 3, 2012 in Music
Tags: albums, Chas Chandler, classic rock, Ed Cassidy, Fresh Garbage, guitar, Jay Ferguson, Jimi Hendrix, Jimmy James, John Locke (musician), Keith Richards, Led Zeppelin, Los Angeles, Manny's Music, Mark Andes, Music, New York City, psychedelic, Randy California, Randy Wolfe, rock, Spirit, Stairway to Heaven, Taurus, Topanga Canyon
“Spirit” by Spirit (1968)
In the summer of 1966, Randy Craig Wolfe was a 15-year-old kid with a strong interest in music and a family to match: His uncle Ed Pearl ran the Ash Grove club in his native Los Angeles, and Ed Cassidy, the man who’d recently married Randy’s mother, had been a professional drummer since the ’30s.
Ed, then 42, had taken his new family to New York City so that he could find more work, and Randy, an aspiring guitarist, started hanging out at the legendary Manny’s Music on West 48th Street. Perhaps he was hoping to see someone famous; according to a New York Times article published when Manny’s closed in 2009, “The store hit its heyday in the 1960s, when British Invasion bands like the Beatles, the Rolling Stones and the Who made Manny’s a must-stop destination upon landing in America. ”
Instead, he met another young, out-of-state guitarist, a black guy from Seattle. As Randy recalled:
He was in the back of the store playing a Strat. Our eyes caught each other, and I asked him if I could show him some things I learned on the guitar. He then gave me the Strat and I played slide guitar. He really liked it and invited me down that night, which I believe was his first night of this gig at the Cafe Wha?
The band, billed as Jimmy James & the Blue Flames, had a bass player who also was named Randy. So the guitarist started referring to them by their home states, Randy Texas (Palmer) and Randy California (Wolfe).
Jimmy James, of course, turned out to be James Marshall Hendrix, and he started teaching Wolfe some of his own favorite chops.
“I know he showed me the chords to ‘Hey Joe,’ because I had never heard that before,” Wolfe reminisced, as quoted in Johnny Black’s “Jimi Hendrix: The Ultimate Experience.”
Cafe Wha? is where Hendrix met Keith Richards’ girlfriend Linda Keith, who in turn introduced Jimi to Animals bass player Chas Chandler, who in turn was looking to get into the management side. The rest is history, as Hendrix went with Chandler to his native U.K. and to superstardom … without Wolfe. As Chandler told Black:
Jimi genuinely wanted to bring Randy to England, but I was adamant that he made space between them. I said, “How the fuck am I going to get a visa for a 15-year-old, anyway? Do you understand what implications there are with something like that? You just don’t do it.
And so Randy was left with this observation:
One day I arrived to find that Jimi’d split for England. That was the end of it.
But Hendrix’s desertion didn’t deter Wolfe from his pursuit of music. After his family moved back to Los Angeles, he met up with some musicians he’d played with as the Red Roosters prior to the extended New York stay. They got back together, this time with Ed as the drummer, and with a new name: Spirits Rebellious, from a Khalil Gibran book. Plus Randy kept the name Jimi had given him, now professionally known as Randy California.
The five-piece band – also including vocalist Jay Ferguson, bass player Mark Andes and keyboard player John Locke – eventually shortened its name to Spirit and started drawing a decent following around the L.A. clubs. In an era of increased musical experimentation, Spirit drew from a variety of influences for a cross between acoustic folk, early jazz-rock fusion, hard blues-based rock, wowing audiences with its ability to mix tight song structures with long, technically advanced improvisation.
One such vehicle for improvisation was a song Locke composed called “Elijah.” Spirit recorded an 11-minute version as part of its demo tape, made available some 25 years later on an anthology called “Chronicle” by an obscure Canadian label. The songs on the tape, although poorly recorded, helped the band draw interest from record companies.
One of those was Ode Records, a fledgling label formed by music entrepreneur Lou Adler after he sold his Dunhill label to ABC. Although he later signed Carole King as a solo artist – she recorded the landmark, top-selling “Tapestry” for Ode – and launched the record- and movie-making career of Cheech & Chong, Adler’s first release for his new venture was Spirit’s debut album.
The album came out in January 1968 amid a wildly eclectic musical landscape, one that had broadened during the decade to embrace all kinds of styles. As such, “Spirit” seemed to have something for everyone, what with its musicians’ variety of influences and, perhaps directly related, the age range of its members (Ed was 44, Randy 16).
Perhaps there was too much diversity within the grooves. The LP did peak at No. 31, but at a time when singles dominated the market, Spirit’s initial offering, an odd dirge called “Mechanical World,” went nowhere.
Among albums released in 1968, though, “Spirit” has aged extremely well, as many of its compositions sound not the least bit dated nearly 45 years later.
The message put forth in the album opener, “Fresh Garbage,” certainly still rings true. The lyrics are short and to the point: “Look beneath your lid this morning/See those things you didn’t quite consume/The world’s a can for your fresh garbage.” Ferguson was inspired by a trash collectors’ strike to write the song, but its environmental implications proved to be ahead of the curve.
Musically, the song features a memorable riff, one that might sound familiar to heavy-duty Led Zeppelin fans: It was used by that band during performances of Garnet Mimms’ “As Long As I Have You” during early Zeppelin concerts, some of which as the opening act for Spirit.
The bridge of “Fresh Garbage” demonstrates that Spirit is no ordinary band. The song abruptly breaks into a peppy, piano-driven section that reaches a multi-instrumental crescendo before returning to the main theme, over which Ferguson repeats the lyrics.
By contrast, Ferguson’s “Uncle Jack” is a relatively straightforward rocker, although what he sings is somewhat enigmatic: “‘So many lives to live,’ I heard him say/’But some people live to give themselves away, to find peace of mind, waiting where they can’t get it'” The song is the only one from Spirit’s August 1967 sessions to make it to the LP; the remainder was recorded between Nov. 9 and 17.
From left: Ed Cassidy (b. 1923), Randy California (1951-97), John Locke (1943-2006)
About “Mechanical World,” California later wrote:
Mark was very ill with the flu and was confined to his room for weeks, making him feel very depressed and mechanical. Towards the end of his sickness, Jay could be seen sneaking in and out of Mark’s room with guitar in hand. When Mark finally came out, there was a brand new song. The group really collaborated on this track, and everyone was happy to see Mark smiling and healthy again.
As for the song, it lurches along spouting lyrics that reflect a sick person’s outlook: “Death falls so heavy on my soul/Death falls so heavy, makes me moan/Somebody tell my father that I died/Somebody tell my mother that I cried.” Even with that baggage and its clocking in at more than 5 minutes, it became the single, perhaps because of the money spent by Adler on its orchestral arrangement.
The orchestra returns for “Taurus,” an instrumental that serves as California’s first solo composition. Since 1971, conjecture has been rampant that Led Zeppelin copped part of the melody for none other than “Stairway to Heaven”; the listener is the ultimate judge. California simply had this to say:
Written for my first love, Robin. She was a Taurus. But I must also mention the perfect astrological balance of the band with two Tauri (Cass and Jay), two Pisces (Randy and Mark) and one Libra (John).
Now, that sounds like 1968!
Ferguson’s “Girl in Your Eye” perhaps is the most 1968-sounding track on the album, with its incorporation of the sitar and orchestral sweeps. California’s pioneering use of feedback sustain, however, is used to great effect to counteract some of the period elements.
“Straight Arrow” is a fun piece that Ferguson wrote about Keith Andes, Mark’s father, an actor who inspired the composition with his performance as Don Quixote in “Man of La Mancha.” Again, the song takes a jazzy sidetrack in the middle before returning to its main theme.
The lyrics for the most part evoke a Western-type hero, with one line standing out: “Watch what you do because Straight Arrow watches you.” Spirit would revisit that line of thinking on California’s seemingly paranoiac “1984,” a song that climbed up the charts in early 1970 before radio play ceased for no apparent reason. So, who was being paranoid? …
The “Spirit” album continues with the ultra-heady “Topanga Windows,” which features some of Ferguson’s most catchy wordplay: “People searching for a better season, trying to catch their moment on the run/Always asking wanting what’s the reason, what do you want when you just want to have some fun?” The song’s languid, dreamlike pace picks up substantially in the middle, bolstered by California’s double-tracked guitar, again putting the teenager’s tremendous talent on full display.
“Gramophone Man,” the album’s sole group composition, chronicles a common plight among musicians: meeting with record-company executives who care only about sales, not who might be doing the performing. The message is conveyed in a sly manner: “And watch the time, the world is waiting, give a tune for Mr. Gramophone Man/Jack and Jill falling down off their hill, singing songs for Mr. Gramophone Man.”
Ferguson contributes two brief compositions, “Water Woman” and “The Great Grand Canyon Fire in General,” that lead up to the album’s conclusion. The latter is interesting for its allusions to an actual Los Angeles event, “a big summer fire that burned about half of Topanga Canyon,” California wrote. “Our yellow house was saved, but everyone had to evacuate and spend a week camping at the beach.”
Poor guys.
“Elijah” clocks in at nearly 11 minutes on the LP version, allowing the various members to show their chops. California wrote about its serving as a concert extravaganza:
Some of the more memorable solos I recall were Jay and Mark pulling out two chairs center stage and facing each other doing the “hambone,” a two-man, hand-slappin’, thigh-hittin’ rhythmic affair. On John’s solo, he often would use a hand-held, breath-controlled keyboard that sounded like a sax. …
Sometimes I would do my guitar solo by turning my amp off and playing acoustically right on the microphone. Our audiences were great – you could hear a pin drop.
“Elijah” probably worked better as performance art than as an album track, but it does present a clear picture of each of the musicians’ capabilities. California’s section is a bit disappointing considering his groundbreaking work on most of the rest of “Spirit,” but he certainly acquits himself well, particularly considering his age at the time.
For fans of rock’s psychedelic era, “Spirit” is a real treat in that it doesn’t have to go to great lengths to offer a cerebral listening experience. Even the orchestration, something Spirit never again integrated, is subtle enough to serve pretty much as an auxiliary instrument, rather than tending to drown out the proceedings.
Perhaps it didn’t resonate with the record-buying public, or for posterity, as did the albums recorded around the same time by California’s former bandmate.
But Hendrix continued to hold Spirit in high regard until the end of his life, always acknowledging the role that young Randy Wolfe played in Jimi’s salad days.
Tags: 13th Floor Elevators, albums, Austin Texas, electric jug, guitar, International Artists, Powell St. John, psychedelic, psychedelic rock, rock, roky erickson, Stacy Sunderland, Texas, Tommy Hall, You're Gonna Miss Me
“The Psychedelic Sounds of the 13th Floor Elevators” by the 13th Floor Elevators (1966)
Take a look at the singer in this video from Germany in 2010.
Sure, it looks as if he’s had some ups and downs over the years. But all in all, he seems to be in pretty good shape.
In 2005, filmmaker Keven McAlester released his documentary about the singer, Roger Kynard “Roky” Erickson. Judging by the movie, you’d never guess that Roky ever would be able to function in society again, let alone return to performing music.
But he continues to do his thing on stage, including shows this coming weekend in New Jersey, if you’re out that direction.
That’s good news for fans who have followed Roky – pronounced “Rocky” – since his days as frontman for the ’60s-era band the 13th Floor Elevators, and who have cheered him on during his peaks and valleys in the decades since.
In the rock ‘n’ roll canon, Roger Kynard Erickson usually is mentioned in the same breath as another Roger, “Syd” Barrett of Pink Floyd, and Canadian multi-instrumentalist Alexander “Skip” Spence, of Moby Grape and Jefferson Airplane.
Those musicians often are cited as primary casualties of the era’s drug culture, men whose predilections for substances led to debilitating mental illness.
Roky isn’t the only one of them who’s still making music. He’s the only one who’s still alive.
His story begins in Austin, Texas, in 1965, when he came to local prominence with a band called the Spades. Barely 18 at the time, he wrote two songs that became audience favorites, “We Sell Soul” and “You’re Gonna Miss Me.”
Late in the year, Roky decided to team up with members of a band called the Lingsmen for a new aggregation. Erickson, guitarist Stacy Sutherland, bass player Benny Thurman and drummer John Ike Walton opted for the name 13th Floor Elevators, as a nod to the number that doesn’t exist in hotels (and possibly signifying the 13th letter of the alphabet, which also is the first letter of the word “marijuana”).
If the band name was thoroughly unusual for mid-’60s Texas, the addition of a fifth member was downright unique. To quote Mark Deming on allmusic.com: “nobody played electric jug quite like Tommy Hall … actually, nobody played it at all besides him.”
That’s right. He’d picked up a jug, put a microphone next to it and make noises that somewhat resemble what you’d hear on a submarine’s sonar. As you might imagine, he had to be in a certain frame of mind to operate thusly.
“With the Elevators, Hall made it a rule to drop acid every time someone picked up an instrument,” Jennifer Maerz of the Houston Press wrote in “Ex-13th Floor Elevator Tommy Hall Is Still Psychedelic.”
Speaking of psychedelic, we can attribute the coining of the word to British psychiatrist Humphry Osmond, who came up with the term for the hallucinogenic drugs he prescribed to author Aldous Huxley. (He’s the guy who wrote “The Doors of Perception,” from which Jim Morrison and company took their band’s name.) At the start of 1966, the word wasn’t widely known, except to folks like Dr. Timothy Leary. But that soon would change.
The 13th Floor Elevators started the year by going into the studio to record two songs for the band’s first 45, working with a producer named Gordon Bynum for a label called Contact Records. The B-side was called “Tried to Hide,” while the main track turned out to be an updated version of “You’re Gonna Miss Me.” If you’ve seen the movie “High Fidelity,” that’s the song that’s playing on vinyl during the opening.
The single made a national impact, peaking at No. 55 on the Billboard charts and No. 50 on Cash Box. The song’s most notable feature, even more than Hall’s jug, is Erickson’s frantic vocal delivery, in marked contrast to what other popular singers were doing in early 1966.
The success of “You’re Gonna Miss Me” resulted in the 13th Floor Elevators being offered gigs far away from Texas, most notably San Francisco, where acts like Jefferson Airplane, Quicksilver Messenger Service and the Grateful Dead were starting to make names for themselves. After taking in some Elevators shows, the Bay Area bands started to veer away from folk and blues toward uncharted territory.
Returning to Austin, the Elevators went to work on recording an album, which also ended up being unlike anything anyone had heard before. Or since.
“The Psychedelic Sounds of the 13th Floor Elevators” not only used Osmond’s contribution to the language prominently, but it also came with an album cover goes a long way toward summing up what psychedelic music was, is and will be.
John Cleveland, an Austin artist, ably executed the theme of bright colors surrounding an eye with a pyramid and smaller eye within the pupil. As band collaborator Powell St. John recalled in an interview decades later, “It was one of those arcane symbols of which Tommy was so fond and so vague in explaining. Maybe it had something to do with Scientology. Tommy was very big on Scientology. ”
The album was recorded for International Artists, a small Houston record company with a staff producer named Lelan Rogers, whose brother, Kenny, would score a hit with a band called the First Edition and a song called “Just Dropped In (To See What Condition My Condition Was In).” (I heard he’s recorded some other stuff, too. And been in some movies. And lent his name to a chain of chicken restaurants.)
Lelan produced nine new songs to go with the pair of tunes originally recorded for Contact. The result is sonically primitive – adding to the technological limitations is the apparent loss of the original master tapes – but fascinating, a document of the raw tools that paved the way for a style of music that’s still revered in many quarters today.
“You’re Gonna Miss Me,” naturally, is the opening track, kicking off with a riff reminiscent of The Who’s “I Can’t Explain” but quickly veering off the beaten path with the introduction of Hall’s jug noises. Roky breaks in with an otherwordly “Oh, yeah!” before warning his girlfriend of an imminent departure. The key switches from E major to E minor for a the bridge before returning to the main theme, punctuated by blasts from Erickson’s harmonica. The net result is two-and-a-half minutes of pure adrenaline.
The pace slows with “Roller Coaster,” which begins with a Walton drum roll leading in to a menacing guitar figure, with Sunderland using reverb and echo to great effect for the time. Roky starts intoning the Hall-penned lyrics: “Once, somewhere, some time ago, his eyes were clear to see/He put his thoughts into my mind, and gave myself to be.” He and Sutherland trade guitar licks with Hall’s jug bubbling up prominently, until Roky redoubles his vocal effort: “Well, it starts like a roller coaster ride, so real it takes your breath away/It slides you through your point of view, you look back to where you thought you’d stayed.” Perhaps listeners in 1966 weren’t exactly hip to what Hall was writing about, but seeing the words in print makes the subject matter quite a bit clearer!
Tommy’s wife at the time, Clementine, co-wrote the next track, “Splash 1,” with Roky. Compared with the freakout that was “Roller Coaster,” “Splash 1” comes across as a relatively straightforward, sparely arranged love song … until you’re confronted with lyrics like “The neon from your eyes is splashing into mine/It’s so familiar, in a way I can’t define.” Perhaps it’s a coincidence that a preferred method of taking LSD at the time was to use an eye dropper, straight into the ol’ cornea?
“Reverberation (Doubt)” opens with a burst of feedback, flowing into a riff that sounds like a speeded-up “Roller Coaster.” The lyrics, again by Tommy Hall, reflect pure paranoia: “Well, you finally find your helpless mind is trapped inside your skin/You want to leave, but you believe you won’t get back again. … It holds your thought, your mind is caught, you’re fixed with fascination/You think you’ll die, it’s just a lie, it’s backward elevation!” This ode to a bad trip, was the follow-up single to “You’re Gonna Miss Me” and actually made it to No. 129 on Billboard’s Bubbling Under, shortly after the album’s release.
“Don’t Fall Down” features a call-and-response vocal arrangement, with Tommy’s lyrics sticking to a more conventional (for him) love-song script: “Every time you need her, she is there, to ease the pain that fogs you/And when you don’t need her, from her stare, she says she’s needing you.”
The frenzy factor is upped again with “Fire Engine,” with suitable sound effects roaring through the song’s start, punctuating Sutherland’s reverb-drenched chords. His playing is particularly prominent during this composition, showing him to be an inventive guitar player whose style seems to have made many fans among West Coast players who developed similar chops.
“Thru the Rhythm” is built on one of those great ’60s-era riffs that seem as if they’d be right at home as the theme music for a period spy movie. Unfortunately, Hall’s lyrics serve as an unnerving foreshadowing of what would come to pass in Roky’s life: “You gobble all the blessings they taught you to digest/They may be hard to swallow, but they keep your tongue depressed/Your scattered whims were born depressed, so when something slams into your chest/You flutter about your sleep distressed, and then you stop to ease your breast/A scattered rim leaves you obsessed, but solid thoughts are soon suppressed/Where are you?”
Keep those words in mind for later reference.
St. John’s “You Don’t Know” is the song on the album that uses Hall’s jug to best effect, as his noises punctuate a relatively spare arrangement. Although the key line is “You don’t know how young you are,” other lyrics register high on the lysergic scale: “Your eyes are filled with liquid snakes and liquid plastic castles.” Another eye-dropper reference, perhaps.
While “You’re Gonna Miss Me” and “Roller Coaster” are the best-known tracks on “Psychedelic Sounds,” the tune that most lives up to the album title is “Kingdom of Heaven.” Sutherland’s minor-key, languidly paced guitar riffs lay the foundation for an entire rock genre, as do St. John’s set-the-scene lyrics:
Here you are at my place within your glistening eyes
I´m watching your reactions as the thing within you cries
And I´m bringing you this message ´cause I think it´s time you knew
That the kingdom of heaven is within you
The incense and the candles and the colors on the wall
Your image stands reflected as a princess come to call
Your suspicions I´m confirming as you find them all quite true
And the kingdom of heaven is within you
Through the stained glass windows moonlight flashes on the choir
And splashes on the altar in glows of liquid fire
Then it bathes you with its glory and you begin life anew
Another St. John song, “Monkey Island,” either alludes to the “monkey on the back” of addiction or the recurring theme of nonconformism that runs through his and Hall’s material: “Well, here I am on Monkey Island, hiding behind a rock/I’m all dressed up with my monkey suit, pretending to be something I’m not.” Maybe a combination of the two.
The Elevators’ debut wraps up with “Tried to Hide,” which co-composer Sutherland actually builds atop major chords. Hall blows on the jug frenetically as his lyrics – yes, they’re about alienation again – are sung by Erickson: “You think you´re strong when you´re all restraining/You think you have when you´re only claiming/When I got near all I saw was fear/And I know that you tried to hide and you cried ´cause you lied about it.”
So … for anyone who had equated “Incense and Peppermints” or “In-A-Gadda-Da-Vida” with psychedelic rock, the guys who invented it obviously had a lot more depth, and a much darker side. Adjust your (doors of) perceptions accordingly.
I’d like to report that the 13th Floor Elevators went on to triumphs and successes in accord with their groundbreaking performance on their first LP. Actually, the sophomore effort, “Easter Everywhere,” is regarded in some circles as the band’s crowning achievement, and it actually charted nationally, peaking at No. 122.
Sessions for a third record, eventually released as “Bull in the Woods,” had just gotten started when the forces that be caught up with the 13th Floor Elevators.
If Austin, Texas, doesn’t seem as if it would be the most enlightened of cities well into the 21st century, think about what it must have been like in the mid-’60s. Here was a group of long-haired musicians playing strange music, obviously (except for non-user Walton) hopped up on something, and just as obviously serving as a menace to the young people of the Lone Star state. As those on the scene have stated in interviews over the decades, John Law was out to get the boys in the band, especially that singer.
Arrested for possession of a single marijuana cigarette, Roky pleaded not guilty by reason of insanity to avoid a potential 10-year prison sentence. The claim had plenty of merit, as he’d already been diagnosed with schizophrenia and spent some time in a mental hospital. This time around, though, he wound up in Rusk State Hospital for the Criminally Insane, where he was surrounded by inmates who did a whole lot more than smoke pot. As the movie “You’re Gonna Miss Me” chillingly explains, Roky played guitar in a Rusk pickup band that also included a couple of murderers, one of whom molested a boy and stuffed his body into a refrigerator.
Erickson, to no one’s surprise, emerged from his experience a changed man. He returned to performing, but took the paranoid attitude of the Elevators’ lyrics to new levels. With a band called Bleib Alien – the first word is an anagram for the Bible – he started singing about monsters and horror films, eventually recording a whole (tremendous!) album on the subject.
Eventually he dropped out of music and lived in an apartment near his mother’s house, clipping coupons and answering sweepstakes mailings, as documented in “You’re Gonna Miss Me.” With the intervention of his brother, a classically trained tuba player who lives in Pittsburgh, Roky finally overcame his issues enough to restart his career.
Walton’s reminiscences served McAlester well in his documentary, providing a good bit of insight to the rise and fall of the 13th Floor Elevators. Clementine Hall also provided some commentary, but Tommy was nowhere to be found.
Stacy Sutherland may have been one hell of a guitar player, but he fought his own demons, serving time in prison on drug charges after the demise of the Elevators. On Aug. 24, 1978, he was fatally shot by his wife, Bunny.
The website www.lysergia.com contains excerpts from an interview an unnamed person conducted with Sutherland a year before his death. In it, the late guitarist talks derisively of the San Francisco scene, the supposed epicenter of psychedelia in the late ’60s:
Their culture had definitely been into drugs more so, I think at the time, and it was more advanced in senses … but it didn’t have a freshness like Texas had to it, it was more washed out. One of the things I found when I first got out there was a walk I took down to Haight Street which was supposed to be where all the “beautiful people” were at the time, but I didn’t see anything but derelicts and dope fiends running around in the streets freaked out … shot up and whatever, begging money off people, it wasn’t anything that I was looking forward to seeing, it didn’t have the freshness Texas did at the time.
The Texas scene burned out quickly, though, leaving shattered lives in its wake. Fortunately, Roky Erickson has lived to tell about it. And even better, he’s still making music, including material from the album that started it all.
Posted: June 1, 2012 in Music
Tags: 1960s, albums, Altamont, classic rock, country rock, David Crosby, Forrest Gump, Good Shepherd, Grace Slick, Hell's Angels, Jack Casady, Jeff Tamarkin, Jefferson Airplane, Jerry Garcia, Jorma Kaukonen, Marty Balin, Nicky Hopkins, Paul Kantner, Phil Lesh, psychedelic, Rolling Stones, Somebody to Love, Spiro Agnew, Steven Stills, Volunteers, We Can Be Together, White Rabbit, Wooden Ships, Woodstock
“Volunteers” by Jefferson Airplane (1969)
What seems relatively tame today was pushing the envelope 40-some years ago.
Such was the case with Jefferson Airplane’s “Volunteers,” which raised a small series of controversies with its release at the tail end of the ’60s.
The Airplane had put San Francisco on the musical map with its 1967 hit singles, “Somebody to Love” and the landmark “White Rabbit.” The latter, with its lyrics alluding to the fanciful imagery of Lewis Carroll and its connection to modern-day drug use, eventually drawing specific condemnation from Vice President Spiro T. Agnew for its supposedly detrimental influence on the youth of America. (Agnew, of course, later pleaded no contest to tax evasion and resigned, paving the way for Gerald Ford to become president without actually being elected to anything having to do with the Executive Branch.)
With “Volunteers,” the Airplane seemed to aim for being a detrimental influence, at least with regard to people of Agnew’s ilk.
First, there’s the album cover, which features the band dressed in outlandish costumes against the backdrop of a U.S. flag. Remember, that was long before the Stars and Stripes became wardrobe fare, and the image of a decidedly strange-looking rock ‘n’ roll band coupled with the Stars and Stripes tended to rub the average American the wrong way.
The back cover is highly irreverent, as well, and it’s fun to study: a sendup of a newspaper page from the fictional Paz, S.D., complete with a Question of the Day, “What Is Your Favorite Stripe on the Flag?” Again, that’s hallowed ground, but responses include Grace Slick’s “Point that thing somewhere else,” Marty Balin’s “What flag?” and Paul Kanter’s “Michoucan.”
There there are the songs, themselves. Kantner’s “We Can Be Together” is nothing short of a call to arms: “We are forces of chaos and anarchy/Everything they say we, are we are/And we are very proud of ourselves,” which leads into the epic line “Up against the wall, motherfucker,” the first time that particular word appeared on record. Slick’s “Eskimo Blue Day” violates another taboo with “Doesn’t mean shit to a tree.”
The Airplane’s record company, not surprisingly, wasn’t overjoyed.
“RCA felt that some retail chains might boycott the album for any of the above reasons, to which the Airplane responded that record stores like that sucked anyway, so who cares?” Jeff Tamarkin wrote in “Got a Revolution: The Turbulent Flight of Jefferson Airplane.”
Whatever the case, the album sold briskly after its November 1969 release, staying on the Billboard chart for 44 weeks. Record buyers seemed to agree with reviewer Ed Leimbacher, who wrote for Ramparts: “In terms of sheer music, ‘Volunteers’ is the greatest Airplane album yet; they may have taken off four years ago, but they didn’t reach the stratosphere till now.”
The theme set by the album cover and the opening track, “We Can Be Together,” seems to peg “Volunteers” as some kind of countercultural rant. But the songs display a remarkable amount of diversity, touching on the band’s folk roots (“Good Shepherd,” “Turn My Life Down” and “Wooden Ships”), country-rock (“The Farm” and “A Song for All Seasons”) and even proto-metal (“Eskimo Blue Day” and Hey Fredrick”).
Kantner built “We Can Be Together” and the song “Volunteers” on the same banjo-derived riff, which works particularly well with the latter. Balin had his only co-composer credits of the album on “Volunteers,” and RCA released it as a single. It peaked at only No. 65 but remained a favorite focal point for late-’60s nostalgia, even making it to the soundtrack for the Academy Award-winning “Forrest Gump.”
“Good Shepherd” has its roots in a 19th-century hymn and later was transformed into a Southern spiritual, as recorded by ethnomusicologists John and Alan Lomax in the 1930s. Airplane guitarist Jorma Kaukonen learned the basic tune as “Blood-Stained Banders,” and his arrangement for “Volunteers” combines his finger-style acoustic guitar with the fuzztone of his electric Epiphone for “a psychedelic folk-rock song,” as Jorma has described it. The tune has remained a staple of his work with Hot Tuna ever since, as well as a highlight of the 1999 album “Love Will See You Through” by Phil Lesh and Friends, featuring Kaukonen dueling with virtuoso guitarist Steve Kimock on a lengthy rendition.
“The Farm” might be Kantner’s answer to Canned Heat’s cover of Henry Thomas’ “Bull Doze Blues” that the band rewrote as “Goin’ Up the Country.” At any rate, it reflects the sentiment of plenty of San Francisco musicians who moved to rural Marin County after city life became more than a bit tense. Jerry Garcia’s lively pedal-steel guitar contributes greatly to the motif.
Slick had been writing purposefully obtuse lyrics since “White Rabbit,” and “Hey Fredrick” fits right into that category: “There you sit, mouth wide open, animals living by your side/On wire wheels, the four-stroke man opens wide.” As she explains in her autobiography (with Andrea Cagan), “Somebody to Love?”:
“My inability to successfully mainstream anything hasn’t bothered me much, but had I achieved mega-mainstream success it would have been an interesting test of the distorted pride I seem to take in my idiosyncratic behavior.”
What sets “Fredrick” – named for the band’s code word for intercourse – apart from other Slick compositions is the heavy jam into which it develops. Kaukonen, bass player Jack Casady, drummer Spencer Dryden and guest pianist Nicky Hopkins take over following Slick’s last words around the 3:20 mark and deliver nearly six minutes of what was as close to heavy metal as anyone was getting in 1969.
The tone lightens up quite a bit for Kaukonen’s “Turn My Life Down,” which Balin sings. The arrangement guest stars Steven Stills on Hammond organ and the vocal group Ace of Cups – Mary Gannon, Marilyn Hunt, Diane Hursh and Denise Jewkes – providing pleasant background.
Having called his generation to revolution, Kantner ponders the aftermath in “Wooden Ships,” which he wrote with Stills and David Crosby. Those who know the song best from Crosby, Stills and Nash’s debut album, and its inclusion by that band in a prominent place in Michael Wadleigh’s “Woodstock,” might notice that Kantner isn’t part of that version’s credits; apparently, it wasn’t cool to have an RCA artist’s name appear on an Atlantic Records album.
At any rate, “Wooden Ships” describes a world possibly following World War III, in which the few survivors poignantly ask, “Can you tell me, please, who won?” It doesn’t much matter, as the scenario starts to echo Stanley Kramer’s “On the Beach”: “Horror grips us as we watch you die/All we can do is echo your anguished cries.”
Studio rehearsals for “Wooden Ships” had the Airplane segueing into “J.P.P. McStep B. Blues,” a song that the late Alexander “Skip” Spence wrote when he was the band’s drummer, before moving on to help found Moby Grape. Jefferson Airplane had recorded a version of the song in 1966, but it went unreleased until the 1974 odds-and-ends compilation “Early Flight.”
Slick addresses the plight of humanity on a more roundabout way on “Eskimo Blue Day,” with her ultimate assessment expressed with the previously mentioned scatological flourish. The instrumentation again features Kaukonen, Casady, Hopkins and Dryden turning it up near 11, with Grace adding touches of recorder in strategic places.
Prior to “A Song for All Seasons,” Dryden’s Airplane compositions had been Zappaesque sound collages, including the unreleased-for-decades “Saga of Sydney Spacehog.” His “A Song for All Seasons” sounds kind of like what the Byrds and Flying Burrito Brothers were playing at the time, a jaunty, country-flavored romp about the travails of a rock band: “I heard your manager skipped town with all your pay/And your lead singer’s bulge turns the sensors gray.”
A brief, somewhat bizarre rendition of the Soviet Army theme “Meadowlands” leads into “Volunteers,” which closes the ’60s with the key line: “One generation got old/One generation got soul/This generation’s got no destination to hold.” While those lyrics seem to be inextricably tied to the sentiments expressed on “We Can Be Together,” they certainly are applicable to the teens and twentysomethings of 2012.
“Volunteers” not only closes the ’60s, it closes Jefferson Airplane’s so-called “classic” era. “A Song for All Seasons” kind of hinted at the state of the band at the time, as subsequent events revealed.
Dryden and Slick had been a couple through early 1969, when she switched her affections to Kantner. Meanwhile, Kaukonen and Casady, who had played music together off and on for more than a decade, had started concentrating more fully on their side project, Hot Tuna.
As for Balin, who co-founded the band in 1965 with Kantner, his compositions hadn’t been central to an Airplane album since its second effort, “Surrealistic Pillow,” which was recorded all the way back in ’66.
Inner struggles combined with external forces just weeks after the release of “Volunteers.” On Dec. 6, 1969, “more than 300,000 souls found their way to one of the most desolate, depressing locations in the state of California to witness one of rock’s darkest moments,” Tamarkin wrote.
The occasion came to be known to the world as Altamont, during which a black concert attendee, Meredith Hunter, was stabbed to death in front of the stage by Hell’s Angels as the Rolling Stones played “Under My Thumb.”
Jefferson Airplane was one of the bands that opened for the Stones at their notoriously ill-planned free concert in the California desert. As Dryden recalled:
“It was just a horrible, pink-sky Hieronymus Bosch dustbin, not a tree in sight, just a hellhole. It was the beginning of the end. No, not the beginning. It was the end.”
Dryden had a great seat for “the end.” He was drumming during the Airplane’s obligatory cover of Fred Neil’s “The Other Side of This Life” when:
“The band stopped playing momentarily,” Tamarkin wrote, “shaken by the brutality. Spencer, Jorma and Jack returned to riffing absentmindedly, one eye on the chaos offstage and another on their fellow musicians. Paul stood at the lip of the stage, his guitar dangling as he surveyed the weirdness.
“Then a scream came from below. Marty, standing a second ago at center stage peering at the melee intently, leaped from his perch, disappearing into the thick of the crowd. More movement followed, but there was still no sign of Marty. He had been knocked out cold.”
The scene was captured for posterity in the film “Gimme Shelter” by David and Albert Maysles, and Charlotte Zwerin, culminating with Slick imploring the crowd in a shaky voice, “Let’s not keep fucking up!”
Dryden didn’t play too many more shows with Jefferson Airplane, departing in January 1970. Balin hung around until October, when he decided not to perform at a concert following the death of his friend Janis Joplin.
The band struggled through two more studio albums and a decent live set documenting its final days. Then came Jefferson Starship, then Starship, a story as convoluted as it is depressing.
Those later aggregations may have tarnished the reputation of the “classic” Airplane. A listen to “Volunteers,” though, shows it to be not a relic of its era, but an examination of topics that continue to hold relevance more than four decades later.
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Chicago International Film Festival Overview-2012
Bound by Flesh
dir. Leslie Zemeckis
The documentary Bound by Flesh shines a spotlight on the first famous female conjoined twins, Daisy and Violet Hilton. Given the current cultural popularity of what once were called Siamese twins, especially with the celebrity of Brittany and Abby Hensel and their television series on TLC, the release’s timing aids to illuminate their place in our collective history.
The way that Zemeckis presents the information is straightforward, using interviews of those who knew the twins and still photographs. She gives us the facts without giving viewers a sense of her opinion and lets the research tell the story. The film describes the twins’ lives from birth to death, their rise to celebrity and their humble endings in North Carolina, all peppered with moments of elation, fame, desperation, awe and sadness. At the closing of the film, we are left to determine the tone of the documentary and also that of their lives. In a strange way, I was reminded of the concluding scene in the Wrestler, starring Mickey Rourke; the interpretation of what remains is based upon each viewer’s outlook on life. It is hopeful? Pitiful? Glass half empty, or full?
The Final Member
dir. Jonah Bekhor & Zach Math
On paper, the Final Member is about the Icelandic Phallological Museum, or in layman’s terms, a penis museum. The bare-bone facts are that the museum’s owner and originator has spent his life seeking out artifacts, aka the male reproductive organ, from every species on earth. As you may have already begun to surmise, he seeks the final piece of the puzzle, the “final member,” the human penis.
The film, however, is not about penises. True, you see a lot of penises, real ones and by way of art. However, it is not a porno. It does not titillate. It does not glorify the male organ, portray it as grandiose or as the bringer of all life. The film is actually about the curator’s life’s work; his family’s support and love; love of one’s country; Passion (with a big P) for one’s craft and even love for the preservation of native animal life. It’s a true testament to the filmmakers’ ability to weave the facts into something beautiful that could otherwise be done so distastefully.
dir. Leos Carax
How does one exactly describe Holy Motors? I’m reminded of a Real Housewives of Beverly Hills episode. RuPaul was at one of Lisa Vanderpump’s restaurants and tells plastic surgeon Paul something to the effect of, “we’re all in drag,” much to Paul’s confusion. In nine different “scenes,” the main character, by way of changing his hair and make-up in a limousine, transforms into varying personae, including a leprechaun, an old man, a hip father, and a man married to a species other than human. With just a simple change of hair color or wardrobe, Mr. Oscar transforms into a completely different role in society. The director does a fantastic job of expressing the numerous selves that easy of us play, or rather, the drag that all of us wear through even a single day.
The Jeffrey Dahmer Files
dir. Chris James Thompson
If you want the gore and the gossip; pictures of body parts; descriptions of brutal murders; details of Dahmer’s demise and the like, then you’re in the wrong theatre.
The Dahmer Files documentary accomplishes several surprising tasks other than your typical murder-mystery roller coaster ride. It first gives you the perspectives of only three people who were integral parts of Dahmer’s life towards the end of his murderous career, and does so with restraint and subtlety, unlike the typical half hour crime docu-drama. The three people interviewed are the police officer who obtained his confession, Dahmer’s neighbor, and the Medial Examiner who exhumed the remains from his apartment. The link between all three subjects is that their accounts were nothing if not ingenuous and in the case of the police officer and neighbor, vulnerable and tender.
The film also offers you a slice of humanity in the most dismal of circumstances. Somehow you don’t leave the threatre hating Dahmer but instead leave with a greater understanding of human kindness and empathy.
dir. Don Coscarelli
Be ready to embrace the strange, the silly and the ridiculous; this film doesn’t take itself too seriously, and you should follow the same rule. If you read any reviews during the film festival, you may have read the description, “Ghostbusters on acid.” I would describe it as Ghostbusters injected with an absurd, adorable, and surprisingly solid story.
In a nutshell: two friends step into the paranormal world through happenstance and fight evil monsters that only they can see. Again, the movie is goofy and little brain-work is involved, but that’s all part of it’s charm. The story is fairly concrete and fleshed out for a horror-type of film, covering most of the whys and hows. The two main actors are also perfect for their roles: the good-looking jock-type and the dark and somewhat brooding counterpart. Mainstream comparisons could be to the gonzo comedy of the Wayans Brothers’ Scary Movie comedy series minus the cliche and flighty plots.
If you’ve ever caught yourself saying that you just want to see a movie that makes you feel good and laugh, then this one is for you. If you’re a film snob sort, (eh, hem, White City Cinema) then this would definitely fall into the “guilty pleasure” category.
Posted in: Movie Reviews | Tagged: Abby and Brittany Hensel, Bound by Flesh, Chicago International Film Festival, CIFF, conjoined twins, Final Member, Holy Motors, Jeffrey Dahmer Files, John Dies at the End, Leos Carax, Leslie Zemeckis
Happy Thanksgiving From Exploring Feminisms
Top Ten Books Read in 2012
2 thoughts on “Chicago International Film Festival Overview-2012”
Having seen all of these movies (with you, of course), I can only marvel at your skills as a writer of capsule reviews. You are so witty and concise. And, even though you took a swipe at me, I think you should be a film critic!
That is high praise coming from you! Thanks for your input, it’s great to receive feedback from an academic!
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Impossible Burger
The FDA Has Reservations About Impossible Foods’ Meatless Burger
FDA investigates Impossible Burger’s secret ingredient for unsafe allergens.
Brad BerganAugust 10th 2017
/ Health Medicine
/ Environment
/ Impossible Burger
/ Impossible Foods
/Environment
/Impossible Burger
/Impossible Foods
Meal of Approval
Impossible Foods’ meatless burger uses an ingredient sourced from a genetically engineered yeast to mimic the taste and texture of beef, and the end result has proven very popular among diners at high-end restaurants. However, the Food and Drug Administration remains reticent to issue its approval.
To clarify, soy leghemoglobin is a substance that occurs naturally in the roots of soybean plants. Impossible Foods produces the ingredient in its laboratory, and the company has been actively pursuing confirmation from the FDA that it’s safe for humans to eat.
A document released under the Freedom of the Information Act sheds light on correspondence between the FDA and Impossible Foods. The administration expresses concerns that there’s no precedent for humans ingesting the substance, while the company argues that it’s safe because it’s structurally and functionally equivalent to “other widely consumed globin proteins.”
Click to View Full Infographic
Impossible Foods can sell its burger whether or not it receives approval from the FDA. However, if the company wants its product to appeal to regular consumers as well as the more adventurous tastes of haute cuisine chefs, getting the go-ahead from the agency would be a big advantage. Plans to resubmit the petition are already in motion.
The FDA feels that Impossible Foods hasn’t yet done enough to find out about soy leghemoglobin’s potential to act as an allergen. For its part, the company has apparently fed the ingredient to rats in larger amounts than are included in its burger, and observed no negative effects on the animals.
Point of Contention
In 1958, Congress enacted a Food Additives Amendment that allowed companies to bypass FDA approval if a substance was deemed to be “generally recognized as safe” by experts. This allows Impossible Foods to self-adjudicate, hiring its own consultants without being obliged to appraise the federal agency of the results. A study published in 2013 suggested that around 10 percent of the ingredients used in food are unknown to the FDA as a result of self-adjudication.
However, several parties contest Impossible Foods’ invocation of the Food Additives Amendment. “The exemption was meant to cover ingredients that had long been used in the food supply, so that companies didn’t have to come in every time they made a new product,” said Tom Neltner, chemicals policy director at the Environmental Defense Fund, a plaintiff engaged in lawsuit over the matter, in an interview with The New York Times.
While there are some serious concerns about Impossible Burger’s candor regarding its bypass of the FDA, the burger itself is made entirely from plant-based ingredients, including wheat, coconut oils, and potatoes. It’s suitable for vegans, completely free from hormones, antibiotics, and artificial ingredients, and apparently it tastes great — this means that it ostensibly fits the bill for a sustainable, wholesome alternative to old-fashioned livestock, avoids the potentially devastating development of antibiotic-resistant diseases like MRSA, and could provide impetus for increased investment in domestic agriculture. Yet, since the ingredient still needs some testing, it will take some time to determine just how viable it truly is.
A Response to The House Science Committee Chair’s Views on Climate Change
Two New Studies Look Into “Planet-Hacking” Proposals for Slowing Climate Change
Exclusive: Conclusive Proof That We Need to Take Immediate Action Against Climate Change
This Animation Shows What Earth Would Look Like if All The Ice Melted
Scientists Assert Climate Change is Allowing Greenhouse Gases to Escape From Melting Permafrost
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Council’s heritage and art collections commended
Caloundra Regional Gallery
Workshop and event terms and conditions
Workshop proposal
Sunshine Coast Arts Foundation
Two of council’s prized heritage and art collections have been recognised by Museums and Galleries Queensland at a special event in Caloundra.
The Bankfoot House Heritage Precinct and Sunshine Coast Art Collection were presented with a Certificate of Recognition following participation in an intensive Standards Review Program assessing collection management practices against The National Standards for Australian Museums and Galleries.
The participating museums and galleries worked through the year-long program, which helped them to recognise their achievements, improve their practices and raise their profile.
Arts and Heritage Portfolio Councillor Rick Baberowski said the program offered a valuable opportunity to access independent advice on the management of these priceless community assets.
“Six local museums and collections across the Sunshine Coast local government area were involved in the review program,” Cr Baberowski said.
“The review was designed to help build skills and capacity, plan for a sustainable future, identify strategic priorities for improvement, develop an action plan and ensure the safeguarding and accessibility of community collections and stories.
“In the case of Bankfoot House, the Standards Program Reviewers congratulated council and the Friends of Bankfoot House for the work we have undertaken cataloguing and digitising the collection, the ongoing connection with families associated with the House, the series of studies and plans developed to guide the care and further development of the precinct and the collection and the tours delivered by the Friends of Bankfoot House.
“A major outcome of the program for Bankfoot House was in identifying future audiences and the development of an interpretation plan for the precinct that captures the many stories of the site as we approach a significant milestone next year and celebrate 150 years of Bankfoot House (1868 to 2018).
“Council was also congratulated for our professional approach to all aspects of the development and care of the Sunshine Coast Art Collection and our focus on providing access to the collection.”
Bankfoot House is a State heritage listed property, owned by council, located in Glass House Mountains.
The former Caloundra City Council purchased the house and contents from the Ferris family in 2004, establishing the property as a House Museum with a collection of around 6000 items.
The Sunshine Coast Art Collection includes more than 300 items that have been acquired since the late 1960s.
It has grown to include an exciting collection of contemporary Australian art, featuring works by artists Tony Albert, Michael Cook and Johanna de Maine, while also supporting regional creative industries through the acquisition of works by local artists.
The Standards Review Program aims to establish a long-term network for sustainable community museums and galleries as well as acknowledging the hard work undertaken by volunteers and paid staff to maintain Australian cultural heritage.
The other local participants in the program were Bli Bli on Maroochy Historical Society, Discover Eumundi Heritage and Visitor Centre, Pioneer Cottage Buderim and Yandina and District Historical Society.
Outcomes for these organisations included reinforced directions for the museums, reviews and updates to strategic and action plans, policies and procedures, prioritisation of the collection conservation and comprehensive maintenance plan development.
The Museums and Galleries Queensland Standards Review program was supported by council’s Cultural Heritage Levy program.
For more information on Bankfoot House visit https://heritage.sunshinecoast.qld.gov.au/Places/Bankfoot-House
For more information on the Sunshine Coast Art Collection visit https://gallery.sunshinecoast.qld.gov.au/Collections/Art-Collection
For more information on the Standards Review Program visit http://www.magsq.com.au/cms/page.asp?ID=5520
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Barambah enlists
Published by The Garland Collection on November 2, 2018
ABOVE: “Our Pledge”. A flyer produced by the Queensland (Parliamentary) Recruiting Committee during the Great War.
HALF-CASTE RECRUITS.
MURGON, May 14.– Chaplain Lieut.-Colonel Garland [ David John Garland ], accompanied by Mr. J.W. Bleakley [ John William Bleakley ], Chief Protector of Aboriginals, and Recruiting Sergeants Saville, Foster and Jones, visited the Barambah Aboriginal settlement today for the purpose of recruiting half-castes [sic] as reinforcements for the Australian Imperial Forces.
A number of the half-castes [sic] are at present away on contract labour, otherwise the results would have been much better.
The boys [sic], however, were most enthusiastic, and several of those who could not claim, a European parent on one side were keenly disappointed when told that they were debarred from enlisting.
Altogether 20 boys offered themselves for enlistment, only two being rejected.
The news that they were to he given a chance to get away to the war was received by those who passed with pleased faces, and it was very apparent that they were the object of the sincere admiration of their fellows on the settlement.
One woman whose husband has volunteered, alter having matters explained to her, said she did not care too much about her husband going, but she supposed he knew best, and would please himself.
Addresses were delivered to the boys by Chaplain Lieut.-Colonel Garland and Mr. Bleakley, and were heartily applauded, notably on one occasion when reference was made to the Union Jack.
Those who have passed the examining officer, Dr. David Junk, of Wondai, are splendid types of men physically, and it was noticed that in almost every instance they could read and write, some of them displaying excellent penmanship.
It was noticeable also that their eyesight and hearing were particularly keen.
There was not one of those who have been accepted but fully realised, apparently, the nature of the work they are undertaking, and more than one was overheard to say that they had been disappointed that they had not been called upon to enlist long since.
Talking to a group of visitors, including the recruiting sergeants, during an adjournment for luncheon, one full-blooded Aboriginal [sic], who said be “knew a bit about Brisbane”, remarked to one of the Sergeants: “My word, boss, your work today on the Settlement is a feather in your cap all right.
“My word, though, when our Barambah boys get into Brisbane on the 24th (meaning Empire Day), they’ll make some of the beer bums leaning against the veranda posts look up. That’ll shame ’em, eh?”
After the swearing-in was finished, an exhibition of rough-riding was given for the benefit of the visitors.
– from page 7 of “The Brisbane Courier” of Tuesday, 15 May 1917.
Dr. David Junk, Well-Known
Wondai Identity, Dead
WONDAI. February 8.– The death of Dr. David Junk, at the Wondai District Hospital on Monday morning [ 7 February 1938 ] last has removed one of the most well-known and respected residents of the town and district.
Dr. Junk was bom at Six Miles Cross in the county of Tyrone, Ireland, and was the son of a Presbyterian Minister, and the early environments of his youth laid a good foundation for a life which was lived in its entirety up to a fortnight of his death.
Dr. Junk was resident in Wondai for upwards of 30 years, and was the first resident doctor of the town.
He was the Government Medical Officer for many years, and completed a very useful term of office which took him to some of the remotest parts of the district.
The Cherbourg Aboriginal Settlement he visited regularly, and during his term of office the hospital at that place was completed.
His interest in public affairs, was always for the welfare of the town and district, and by his keen advocacy Fick’s Bridge was erected over the Barambah Creek, on the Wondai-Murgon Road.
During the Great War he was an outstanding personality and a great contributor to charities, and the flag now possessed by the Diggers was won by the Wondai Shire, as a result of liberal subscription towards bonds by such men as the late doctor.
Of late years Dr. Junk had lived in retirement and enjoyed a fair measure of health and strength until about a fortnight ago, when his strength began to fail.
The funeral took place from the Methodist Church on Tuesday afternoon.
A large cortege followed to the Wondai cemetery where Rev. C.B. Watts (Kingaroy) officiated at the graveside.
The late Dr. Junk was one, of the original directors of the Wondai Times Newspaper Co. Ltd., and was a director until the paper was sold in 1922. He was chairman of the company for several terms.
– from page 8 of “The Telegraph” (Brisbane) of 9 February 1938.
Categories: Foundations of ANZAC DayImmigration and boys' homesThe ANZAC Day Journey
Tags: Ministry
'Nothing is Too Good for Our Soldiers.'
Padre Maxwell’s sermon
ANZAC DAY — FOURTEENTH ANNIVERSARY, 1929. St John’s Cathedral, Brisbane, 11am. 1. Cor. XV. 54: “Death is swallowed up in victory.” “Today Australia kneels, and puts aside All lesser cares — all lesser grief and Read more…
Consolidating the Tradition
Archbishop’s eulogy
Funeral of the Late Canon Garland Canon Garland ‘Essentially A Fighter’, says Archbishop Wand “OF his character I would say that essentially he was a fighter. He was not one of those people who found an easy Read more…
CGMS Media Releases
Canon Garland Overpass
JOIN the campaign to see the Queenslander who gave Anzac Day to the world prominently honoured in Brisbane’s western suburbs in 2019. In the wake of an E-Petition to the Queensland State Parliament, the Transport Read more…
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Harrison Ford Talks about INDIANA JONES 5 and mentions Lucas’ “Crazy But Great” Idea
Movie Harrison FordIndiana Jones about 9 years ago by Joey Paur
I seriously do not wish for another Indiana Jones movie to be made. The fourth film was absolutely horrific for most of the hardcore fans of the series. However, the kids loved it. The movie spoke their language. I loved the idea for the movie, because I thought diving into alien mythology could have been great! Unfortunately, it was executed terribly, and the Mutt character just killed it for me.
We know that George Lucas, Steven Spielberg, and Harrison Ford have been playing with some ideas, and that this is a project they are going to move forward with. Harrison Ford recently did an interview with MTV in which he talks about the fifth Indiana Jones flick. Here is what he had to say,
I think it would be interesting to advance the understanding of the character, as we always have had that ambition throughout the series. I think it would be interesting to deepen the relationship between he and his son [Mutt, played by Shia LaBeouf] and play on that relationship. ... It's full of opportunity. The series is full of opportunity.
I don’t want to see Mutt in the next film! I don’t find that character interesting at all, and I felt he brought down the whole dynamic of the last film. Ford then goes on to say that Lucas has a “crazy but great” idea for the next film. Of course Ford isn’t going to tell anyone what that idea is, but he did say,
Some of the best ideas are crazy ideas, you know? Well-wrought, well-manipulated.
I really wish I knew what is going on with this next film. I hope to hell it’s better than the last one, but at this point I’m not going to hold my breath. It sounds like Lucas is really trying to develop this movie but Ford seems very optimistic that there will be another Indiana Jones film soon.
I don't think I'll do it in a wheelchair. George [Lucas] is working on an idea, and if it comes to a fruitful stage, all of us are very interested in making another.
I hate to admit it, but when this movie does come out, I will see it. Why? Because it’s freakin' Indiana Jones, and I want to see what adventure he goes on next. If it sucks I never have to watch it again just like the last movie.
Where would you like to see Indiana Jones go in the next film?
You can watch the interview below.
Movie Trailers - Movies Blog
Harrison Ford Talks About His Excitement For INDIANA JONES 5
Harrison Ford Comments on Chris Pratt Joining INDIANA JONES - "It's Him or Me"
Harrison Ford Confirms He’s Up For INDIANA JONES 5
Harrison Ford gives Yet Another Useless INDIANA JONES 5 Update
Harrison Ford Open to INDIANA JONES 5
Harrison Ford in Negotiations for 2 More INDIANA JONES Films
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El Paso Chihuahuas
The El Paso Chihuahuas are a Minor League Baseball team of the Pacific Coast League (PCL) and the Triple-A affiliate of the San Diego Padres. They are located in El Paso, Texas, and play their home games at Southwest University Park, which opened in 2014. The Chihuahuas moved to El Paso from Tucson, Arizona, where they were known as the Tucson Padres.[1] The only league title in franchise history is the 2016 PCL championship.
Team logo Cap insignia
Class-level
Triple-A (2014–present)
Minor league affiliations
Pacific Coast League (2014–present)
Pacific Conference
Major league affiliations
San Diego Padres (2014–present)
Minor league titles
League titles (1)
Conference titles (2)
Division titles (4)
Team data
El Paso Chihuahuas (2014–present)
Black, red, tan, white
Southwest University Park (2014–present)
Owner(s)/
Operator(s)
MountainStar Sports
Brad Taylor
Franchise historyEdit
Previous teamsEdit
The Chihuahuas' heritage can be traced back to the establishment of the original Los Angeles Angels in 1903. These Angels (the namesake of the current Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim) were one of the eight "core teams" of the PCL during its heyday in the 1950s. In 1957, the team was sold to Brooklyn Dodgers owner Walter O'Malley as a harbinger of the Dodgers' move to Los Angeles the following year.
For 1958, the Angels moved to Spokane, Washington, and became the (original) Spokane Indians. In 1972, the team moved again, this time to Albuquerque, New Mexico. As the Albuquerque Dukes, many of the team's star players and manager Tommy Lasorda formed the core of a Dodgers franchise that won the 1977, 1978, and 1981 pennants and 1981 World Series title.
After nearly two decades, the Dukes moved to Portland, Oregon, and became the latest version of the Portland Beavers in 2001. That franchise lasted 10 seasons until the inability to get a new ballpark to replace what is now Providence Park (renovated to accommodate the Portland Timbers of Major League Soccer) led to a relocation. At first, the plan was to move to Escondido, California, about 40 miles north of San Diego, as a club owned by the San Diego Padres. But once again, a new ballpark proved elusive, and the team landed in Tucson, Arizona, as the Tucson Padres.
Coming to El PasoEdit
On July 30, 2012, the Pacific Coast League gave preliminary approval to MountainStar Sports Group to buy the Padres, with the intent to relocate the franchise to El Paso for the 2014 season. The deal was approved on September 17, 2012, pending approval for a ballpark by the city council. Ballpark approval was made on September 18, with the mayor deciding not to veto the deal.[2] The final sale of the Padres to MountainStar Sports was approved on September 26, 2012.[3]
A name-the-team contest was held to decide the team's nickname. Finalists were Aardvarks, Buckaroos, Chihuahuas, Desert Gators, and Sun Dogs. The winning name was submitted by Shae Vierra. On October 22, 2013, the Chihuahuas name, logo and colors were announced.[1] The name is a reference to the Chihuahuan Desert encompassing the area. The team logo is a growling chihuahua dog.
Due to construction delays at the site of Southwest University Park, the Chihuahuas played their first 24 games of the 2014 season on the road, including a four-game series against the Reno Aces that was moved from El Paso to Tucson. The home opener finally took place on April 28, a 2–1 loss to the Fresno Grizzlies.[4]
On September 17, 2016, the Chihuahuas plated a run in the 11th inning to defeat the Oklahoma City Dodgers 4–3 to claim the El Paso's first ever PCL championship in just the franchise's third year of existence.
Notable playersEdit
Cody Decker, during his tenure with the Chihuahuas, at 2015 Triple-A All-Star Game
Billy Buckner
Cody Decker
Rocky Gale
Jake Lemmerman
Kevin Quackenbush
Seth Rosin
Cory Spangenberg
Melvin Upton Jr.
RosterEdit
El Paso Chihuahuas roster
Players Coaches/Other
48 José Castillo #
14 Miguel Diaz *
23 Dietrich Enns
11 Robbie Erlin *
13 Tyler Higgins
44 Jerry Keel
21 Dinelson Lamet #
30 Kyle McGrath
24 Trevor Megill
-- Bryan Mitchell
40 Andrés Muñoz
8 Dillon Overton
29 Gerardo Reyes *
20 Paco Rodriguez
-- Chris Rowley
18 Robert Stock *
47 Steven Wilson
32 Eric Yardley
27 Austin Allen *
10 Webster Rivas
15 Matthew Batten
12 Ty France *
17 Seth Mejias-Brean
4 Esteban Quiroz
46 Aderlin Rodriguez
3 Luis Urias *
28 Jason Vosler
27 Franchy Cordero #
7 Michael Gettys
5 Jose Pirela *
2 Boog Powell
36 Edwin Rodríguez
16 Lance Burkhart (fielding)
58 Morgan Burkhart (hitting)
39 Bronswell Patrick (pitching)
7-day injured list
* On San Diego Padres 40-man roster
# Rehab assignment
∞ Reserve list
‡ Restricted list
§ Suspended list
† Temporary inactive list
Roster updated June 28, 2019
→ More rosters: MiLB • Pacific Coast League
→ San Diego Padres minor league players
^ a b Hill, Benjamin (October 22, 2013). "Chihuahuas rule the day in El Paso". MiLB.com. Retrieved October 22, 2013.
^ "Mayor decides against veto, baseball in downtown by 2014" Archived 2013-01-27 at Archive.today. KVIA. Retrieved 09-20-2012.
^ MountainStar Sports buys Tucson Padres
^ El Paso Chihuahuas 2014 schedule. Retrieved 04-18-2014
Wikimedia Commons has media related to El Paso Chihuahuas.
El Paso Chihuahuas official website
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=El_Paso_Chihuahuas&oldid=905080981"
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Go Shiozaki
Go Shiozaki (潮﨑 豪, Shiozaki Gō, born January 21, 1982) is a Japanese professional wrestler, currently signed to the Pro Wrestling Noah promotion. He made his debut for the promotion in July 2004 and remained with it until the end of 2012. In January 2013, Shiozaki joined All Japan Pro Wrestling (AJPW), where he became a one-time Triple Crown Heavyweight Champion and a two-time World Tag Team Champion, before resigning from the promotion in September 2015. Afterwards, he returned to Noah, where, in May 2016, he won the GHC Heavyweight Championship for the third time. He has also worked for American promotions Ring of Honor (ROH) and Full Impact Pro (FIP), winning the latter's World Heavyweight Championship. In August 2016, Shiozaki was appointed the chairman of Noah's wrestlers' association.[5]
Shiozaki in 2011
(1982-01-21) January 21, 1982 (age 37)[1]
Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan[2]
Professional wrestling career
Ring name(s)
Doga Dorobo[3]
Go Shiozaki[1][2]
Billed height
Billed weight
110 kg (243 lb)[2]
Trained by
Harley Race[4]
Kenta Kobashi[2][4]
Tamon Honda[2]
Yoshinari Ogawa[2]
July 24, 2004[2][4]
Professional wrestling careerEdit
Pro Wrestling Noah (2003–2012)Edit
Shiozaki entered the Pro Wrestling Noah dojo in 2003[6] and according to the commentators from the event Universal Uproar, was the only man to graduate in his class as well as being the youngest wrestler on the roster. Following his debut, Shiozaki became a protégé of the legendary Kenta Kobashi. Shiozaki and Kobashi formed a very successful tag team and the biggest match the two had as a team was a losing effort against Kensuke Sasaki and his own protégé, Katsuhiko Nakajima. The match reached critical acclaim, being given a near-perfect rating from the Wrestling Observer Newsletter.
In the beginning of 2006, Shiozaki fractured his jaw against Kenta.[6] Following his recovery, he began wrestling matches against the biggest names of the company and despite losing to them, he would put forth a valiant effort against them, similar to how Kobashi competed in All Japan Pro Wrestling. After Kobashi was forced out of action due to cancer, Shiozaki teamed briefly with Tamon Honda but was again defeated by Noah's top wrestlers until he finally broke his losing streak by pinning Ricky Marvin.
In late April 2007, Shiozaki represented Noah in the prestigious King of Europe Cup. He defeated Real Quality Wrestling representative Martin Stone in the first round before falling to Pro Wrestling Guerrilla representative Davey Richards in the quarterfinals.
Shiozaki returned to Noah in mid-2009 and gained a significant push as Mitsuharu Misawa's new tag team partner. They soon won the Global Tag League in May and thus became the top contenders to the GHC Tag Team Championship. During their title match on June 13 against champions Akitoshi Saito and Bison Smith, Misawa suffered a cervical spinal cord trauma[7] during the match after receiving a belly to back suplex from Saito. After Misawa remained motionless following the suplex, officials quickly tended to him before he was taken to a hospital, where he died later on.
On June 14, reigning GHC Heavyweight Champion Jun Akiyama was forced to vacate the title due to herniated discs in his back. As a result, Shiozaki was nominated by Akiyama to wrestle for the title against the number one contender Takeshi Rikio. After a hard-fought twenty-minute match, Shiozaki managed to defeat Rikio to become the new GHC Heavyweight Champion. He then went on to successfully defend his title for the first time on September 27 against Akitoshi Saito. However his second title defense was unsuccessful as on December 6, Shiozaki lost the World Heavyweight title to Takashi Sugiura on the last date of the 2009 Winter Navigation tour. On May 23, 2010 Shiozaki teamed up with Atsushi Aoki to defeat Takeshi Morishima and Taiji Ishimori to win the AAA World Tag Team Championship during Pro Wrestling Noah's Navigation with Breeze show in Niigata, Niigata, Japan. As a result of the victory, Shiozaki and Aoki were scheduled to defend the title during AAA's Triplemania XVIII show.[8] At TripleMania, Shiozaki and Aoki were the first team eliminated when Joe Lider pinned Shiozaki. The match and the title were ultimately won by Los Maniacos (Silver Cain and Último Gladiador).[9] In August 2010 Shiozaki took part in New Japan Pro Wrestling's 2010 G1 Climax tournament, where he won four out of his seven-round robin stage matches, only to narrowly miss the finals of the tournament after wrestling Shinsuke Nakamura to a 30-minute time limit draw on the final day of the tournament.[10] The draw with Nakamura led to a No Time Limit match at a Pro Wrestling Noah show on August 22, where Shiozaki was victorious.[11] Shiozaki and Nakamura had their third match on January 4, 2011, at New Japan's Wrestle Kingdom V in Tokyo Dome, where Nakamura was victorious.[12][13] Shiozaki regained the GHC Heavyweight Title by defeating Takashi Sugiura on July 10, 2011. On January 4, 2012, Shiozaki returned to New Japan at Wrestle Kingdom VI in Tokyo Dome, where he and Naomichi Marufuji defeated CHAOS Top Team (Shinsuke Nakamura and Toru Yano) in a tag team match.[14] On January 22, Shiozaki lost the GHC Heavyweight Championship to Takeshi Morishima.[15] On October 26, Shiozaki and Akitoshi Saito defeated Kenta and Maybach Taniguchi to win the GHC Tag Team Championship.[16] On December 3, 2012, it was reported that Shiozaki had threatened to not re-sign with Noah after his contract expires in January 2013, when the promotion decided to release Kenta Kobashi from his contract.[17] Six days later, Shiozaki and Saito lost the GHC Tag Team Championship to Naomichi Marufuji and Takashi Sugiura.[18] On December 19, Noah confirmed that Shiozaki would be leaving the promotion following December 24.[19] On December 24, Shiozaki defeated Taiji Ishimori in his final Noah match.[20][21]
Foreign excursions (2006–2009)Edit
Shiozaki made his Ring of Honor (ROH) debut during ROH's August 2006 tour of England.[4] In July 2007, he wrestled Bryan Danielson in ROH's debut show in Tokyo, Japan. He unsuccessfully wrestled ROH World Champion Nigel McGuinness in a title match on a Noah show in January 2008 before joining the ROH roster as a regular during February's event Eye of the Storm.[4]
On June 6, 2008, Shiozaki participated in a one night tournament to crown new ROH World Tag Team Champions. He and partner World Champion Nigel McGuiness were eliminated in the first round by Kevin Steen and El Generico when Steen forced McGuiness to submit to the sharpshooter. The following day, Shiozaki received a title shot against McGuiness but lost when McGuiness forced him to submit to the London Dungeon. On June 28, Shiozaki revealed himself to be the newest member of Sweet 'n' Sour Inc., Larry Sweeney's heel stable.
In the summer of 2008, Shiozaki began performing for ROH's sister promotion, Full Impact Pro (FIP), based in Florida. He defeated Erick Stevens for the World Heavyweight Championship at FIP's event Heatstroke on August 23.[22] He would hold the belt for four months, defending it on both FIP and ROH, before losing it to Tyler Black on December 20.
Soon after having a tryout match with World Wrestling Entertainment[23] on September 5, Shiozaki began wrestling in Harley Race's World League Wrestling, where he also underwent further training under Race.[4] On October 4, he won the WLW World Heavyweight Championship for the first time in a nine-man Battle Royal for the vacant title. He later lost title to four-time WLW World Heavyweight Champion Luminous Warrior on May 19, 2009.
All Japan Pro Wrestling (2013–2015)Edit
Main articles: Burning (professional wrestling) and Xceed (professional wrestling)
On January 26, 2013, Shiozaki, Atsushi Aoki, Jun Akiyama, Kotaro Suzuki and Yoshinobu Kanemaru, all of whom had quit Noah at the same time, announced that they had joined All Japan Pro Wrestling (AJPW), forming the "Burning" stable.[24] On March 17, Shiozaki and Akiyama defeated Get Wild (Manabu Soya and Takao Omori) to win the World Tag Team Championship.[25] On May 11, Shiozaki made a one-night return to Noah to take part in Kenta Kobashi's retirement match at Final Burning in Budokan, where he, Kenta, Maybach Taniguchi and Yoshinobu Kanemaru were defeated by Kobashi, Jun Akiyama, Keiji Mutoh and Kensuke Sasaki.[26] On July 5, following a mass exodus led by Keiji Mutoh, it was announced that Shiozaki, along with the rest of Burning, had signed an exclusive contract with All Japan.[27] Afterwards, Shiozaki set his sights on the Triple Crown Heavyweight Championship, defeating reigning champion Suwama in a non-title Two Out of Three Falls match on July 14, the launching day of the post-Mutoh All Japan.[28] Shiozaki received his shot at the title on August 25, but was defeated by Suwama.[29] In September, Shiozaki made it to the finals of the 2013 Ōdō Tournament, after wins over Burning stablemates Kotaro Suzuki and Yoshinobu Kanemaru as well as top World Tag Team Championship contender Joe Doering,[30][31][32] before losing to Akebono.[33] On October 22, Shiozaki and Akiyama lost the World Tag Team Championship to Evolution (Joe Doering and Suwama).[34] The following day, Shiozaki announced that he wanted to leave Burning in order to win the Triple Crown.[35][36] On November 18, Shiozaki announced that he was forming a new stable named "Xceed", revealing Kenso as the first member of the group.[37] However, in the stable's first match three days later, Kenso turned on Shiozaki and aligned himself with Bambi Killer and D'Lo Brown. Shiozaki was then saved by Atsushi Aoki, Kento Miyahara and Kotaro Suzuki, who became the newest members of Xceed.[38] In December, Shiozaki and Miyahara made it to the finals of the 2013 World's Strongest Tag Determination League, before losing to Evolution (Joe Doering and Suwama).[39] On February 23, 2014, Shiozaki received another shot at the Triple Crown Heavyweight Championship, but was defeated by the defending champion, Akebono.[40] In April, Shiozaki participated in the 2014 Champion Carnival, where he was leading his block before suffering a broken thumb, which forced him to pull out of the tournament and forfeit his final round-robin match with Jun Akiyama.[41]
On September 28, Shiozaki defeated Suwama in the finals to win the 2014 Ōdō Tournament and earn another shot at the Triple Crown Heavyweight Championship.[42] Shiozaki received his title shot on October 29, but was defeated by Joe Doering.[43] Shiozaki received a rematch with Doering on January 3, 2015, and defeated him to win the Triple Crown Heavyweight Championship for the first time.[44] He made his first successful title defense on February 7 against Zeus.[45] His second successful defense took place on March 27 against Xceed stablemate Kento Miyahara.[46] On May 6, Shiozaki and Miyahara defeated Yutaka Yoshie and Shiozaki's next Triple Crown Heavyweight Championship challenger Akebono to become the new World Tag Team Champions.[47] By simultaneously holding the Triple Crown Heavyweight Championship and the World Tag Team Championship, Shiozaki became the seventh "Quintuple Crown Champion".[48] On May 21, Shiozaki lost the Triple Crown Heavyweight Championship to Akebono in his third defense.[49] On September 28, it was announced that Shiozaki was leaving AJPW the following month and becoming a freelancer.[50] The announcement also led to Shiozaki and Miyahara vacating the World Tag Team Championship.[51] Shiozaki's final AJPW match took place on October 4, when he and Miyahara defeated Jun Akiyama and Yoshinobu Kanemaru in a tag team match.[52]
Return to Noah (2015–present)Edit
On November 20, 2015, Shiozaki returned to Noah, announcing he wanted to again wrestle in his original home promotion. His interview segment was interrupted by Minoru Suzuki, who offered him a spot in his Suzuki-gun stable.[53] On November 26, Shiozaki defeated Mitsuhiro Kitamiya in his Noah return match.[54] When Takashi Sugiura turned on Noah and joined Suzuki-gun on December 23, Shiozaki announced that he wanted to join the promotion in its battle with Suzuki-gun. Naomichi Marufuji, however, turned his offer down.[55] On January 31, 2016, Shiozaki's tag team partner Yoshinobu Kanemaru turned on him and joined Suzuki-gun. At the end of the show, Marufuji, after losing the GHC Heavyweight Championship to Sugiura, finally accepted Shiozaki's help in the war between Noah and Suzuki-gun.[56] On May 28, Shiozaki defeated Sugiura to win the GHC Heavyweight Championship for the third time.[57] Shiozaki made his first successful title defense on June 12 against Suzuki-gun member Shelton X Benjamin.[58] The following day, Shiozaki officially re-signed with Noah, ending his days as a freelancer.[59] On July 30, Shiozaki lost the GHC Heavyweight Championship back to Sugiura.[60] On December 3, Shiozaki and Maybach Taniguchi defeated K.E.S. (Davey Boy Smith Jr. and Lance Archer) to win the GHC Tag Team Championship.[61] They lost the title to Kenoh and Masa Kitamiya on January 21, 2017.[62] Shiozaki regained the title with new partner Atsushi Kotoge on August 26,[63] losing it to Muhammad Yone and Quiet Storm on October 1.[64]
On April 29, 2018, Shiozaki and Kaito Kiyomiya won the GHC Tag Team Championship from The Aggression (Katsuhiko Nakajima and Masa Kitamiya), but lost the titles back to them in their first defense exactly one month later. On August 18, he unsuccessfully challenged Takashi Sugiura for the GHC Heavyweight Championship. Go Shiozaki took part of the 2018 Global League, winning 4 matches and losing 3, making 8 points and failing to advance to the finals. However, after Naomichi Marufuji and Akitoshi Saito vacated the GHC Tag Team Championship, Shiozaki formed a team with Katsuhiko Nakajima, and together, they defeated Cody Hall and Maybach Taniguchi in the first round, and Kenoh and Masa Kitamiya at the finals, capturing the titles. They would lost the titles 9 days later against Maybach Taniguchi and a debuting Yuji Hino. They had their rematch on January 6, but they failed to regain the titles. Muhammed Yone and Quiet Storm would defeat the team of Taniguchi and Hino and become the new Tag Champions, after the match, Shiozaki and Nakajima challenged the new champions to a title match, and they accepted. The match took place on February 24, and Shiozaki and Nakajima won the match, winning the titles once again. After the match, Eddie Edwards and Masa Kitamiya came to the ring and challenged the new champions, this led to a title match on March 10, which the team of Shiozaki and Nakajima won.
Championships and accomplishmentsEdit
AAA World Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Atsushi Aoki[65]
All Japan Pro Wrestling
Triple Crown Heavyweight Championship (1 time)[44]
World Tag Team Championship (2 times) – with Jun Akiyama (1)[25] and Kento Miyahara (1)[47]
Ōdō Tournament (2014)[42]
Full Impact Pro
FIP World Heavyweight Championship (1 time)[22]
Nikkan Sports
Outstanding Performance Award (2009)[66]
PWI ranked him #31 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2015[67]
Pro Wrestling Noah
GHC Heavyweight Championship (3 times)[68]
GHC Tag Team Championship (7 times, current) – with Akitoshi Saito (1),[16] Maybach Taniguchi (1),[61] Atsushi Kotoge (1),[63] Kaito Kiyomiya (1), and Katsuhiko Nakajima (3, current)
Global Tag League (2009) – with Mitsuharu Misawa[69]
Global Tag League (2018) – with Kaito Kiyomiya
One Night Six-Man Tag Team Tournament (2007) – with Naomichi Marufuji and Ippei Ota[70]
World League Wrestling
WLW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)[71]
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^ "Xcced初陣でKensoがいきなり潮崎を裏切り、全日本に反旗！前哨戦で三冠王者と世界ジュニア王者が揃って挑戦者に完敗！". Battle News (in Japanese). 2013-11-22. Retrieved 2013-11-21.
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^ "ゼウス戦で指を骨折した潮崎が欠場！秋山との公式戦は不戦敗に！The Bodyguardが諏訪魔戦に向けてコメント". Battle News (in Japanese). 2014-04-25. Retrieved 2014-04-25.
^ a b 全日本で初勲章！潮﨑「王道Ｔ」初制覇 ３冠挑戦へ. Tokyo Sports (in Japanese). 2014-09-29. Retrieved 2014-09-29.
^ "Archived copy" 【10.29】全日本プロレス 旗揚げ記念シリーズ 山形大会. All Japan Pro Wrestling (in Japanese). 2014-10-29. Archived from the original on 2015-09-26. Retrieved 2014-10-29. CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
^ a b "全日本1.3後楽園大会 ドーリングvs.潮崎の三冠戦、鼓太郎＆宮原vs.DKのアジアタッグ、Kensovs.土方のGaora TV王座戦". Battle News (in Japanese). 2015-01-04. Retrieved 2015-01-03.
^ 【2.7】 2015 エキサイトシリーズ 開幕戦・大阪大会. All Japan Pro Wrestling (in Japanese). 2015-02-07. Archived from 開幕戦・大阪大会/ the original on 2015-04-17. Retrieved 2015-02-07.
^ 【3.27】 2015 ドリームパワーシリーズ 最終戦・後楽園大会. All Japan Pro Wrestling (in Japanese). 2015-03-27. Archived from the original on 2015-04-10. Retrieved 2015-03-28.
^ a b 【5.6】 2015 スーパーパワーシリーズ 開幕戦・後楽園大会. All Japan Pro Wrestling (in Japanese). 2015-05-06. Retrieved 2015-05-06. [permanent dead link]
^ 世界タッグ奪取！潮﨑悲願の「５冠王」. Tokyo Sports (in Japanese). 2015-05-07. Retrieved 2015-05-07.
^ 【5.21】 2015 スーパーパワーシリーズ 最終戦・後楽園大会. All Japan Pro Wrestling (in Japanese). 2015-05-21. Retrieved 2015-05-21. [permanent dead link]
^ 全日本プロレスのエース・潮崎が退団！. Tokyo Sports (in Japanese). 2015-09-28. Retrieved 2015-09-28.
^ 潮崎、全日本退団を電撃表明 世界タッグは返上. Daily Sports Online (in Japanese). Kobe Shimbun. 2015-09-28. Retrieved 2015-09-28.
^ 全日退団 潮﨑狙うはＩＷＧＰ. Tokyo Sports (in Japanese). 2015-10-05. Retrieved 2015-10-05.
^ 「Winter Navig. 2015」11月20日(金)後楽園ホール大会 試合後コメント. Pro Wrestling Noah (in Japanese). 2015-11-21. Retrieved 2015-11-20.
^ "Winter Navig. 2015". Pro Wrestling Noah (in Japanese). Retrieved 2015-11-26.
^ "「Winter Navig. 2015」12月23日(祝・水)大田区総合体育館大会 試合後コメント". Pro Wrestling Noah (in Japanese). Retrieved 2015-12-23.
^ 鈴木軍の無法行為で杉浦がGHCヘビー強奪！ 金丸がまさかの鈴木軍入り！ 潮崎、マスクを脱いだ谷口が丸藤と合流！【1・31ノア横浜大会・試合結果（1）】. New Japan Pro Wrestling (in Japanese). 2016-02-01. Retrieved 2016-01-31.
^ "infoNear inc. presents Great Voyage 2016 in Osaka". Pro Wrestling Noah (in Japanese). Retrieved 2016-05-28.
^ "6/12 Noah in Tokyo, Japan Results – Go Shiozaki vs. Shelton Benjamin for GHC Hvt. Title, K.E.S. challenges for GHC Tag Titles, NJPW stars, Misawa memorial". Pro Wrestling Torch. 2016-06-12. Retrieved 2016-06-12.
^ ノア再入団の潮崎が会見 方舟マットを「もっと高みに導きたい」. Tokyo Sports (in Japanese). 2016-06-13. Retrieved 2016-06-13.
^ "日テレG+ presents「第10回日テレG+杯争奪ジュニアヘビー級タッグリーグ戦」". Pro Wrestling Noah (in Japanese). Retrieved 2016-07-30.
^ a b "One Night Cruise 2016 in Differ". Pro Wrestling Noah (in Japanese). Retrieved 2016-12-03.
^ "The First Navig.2017". Pro Wrestling Noah (in Japanese). Retrieved 2017-01-21.
^ a b "Summer Navig. 2017 vol.2". Pro Wrestling Noah (in Japanese). Retrieved 2017-08-26.
^ "Great Voyage 2017 in Yokohama vol.2". Pro Wrestling Noah (in Japanese). Retrieved 2017-10-01.
^ "AAA World Tag Team Championship history".
^ Nikkan Sports Awards - 2009. wrestlingscout. February 28, 2016.
^ "Pro Wrestling Illustrated (PWI) 500 for 2015". The Internet Wrestling Database. Retrieved 2015-10-05.
^ "GHC Heavyweight Championship history".
^ "2009 Global Tag League results". Archived from the original on 2009-03-11.
^ "Purolove profile".
^ "WLW Heavyweight Championship history".
Professional wrestling portal
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Go Shiozaki.
All Japan Pro Wrestling profile ‹See Tfd›(in Japanese)
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List of governors of Pennsylvania
(Redirected from Governor of Pennsylvania)
The Governor of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania is the head of the executive branch of Pennsylvania's state government[2] and serves as the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces.[3]
Governor of the
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
Seal of the Governor
Flag of the Governor
The Honorable
(formal)
Head of Government
renewable once
Thomas Mifflin
Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania
$187,256 (2013)[1]
The governor has a duty to enforce state laws, and the power to approve or veto bills passed by the Pennsylvania Legislature[4] and to convene the legislature.[5] The governor may grant pardons except in cases of impeachment, but only when recommended by the Board of Pardons.[6]
There have been seven presidents and 46 governors of Pennsylvania, with two governors serving non-consecutive terms, totaling 55 terms in both offices. The longest term was that of the first governor, Thomas Mifflin, who served three full terms as governor in addition to two years as president. The shortest term belonged to John Bell, who served only 19 days as acting governor after his predecessor, Edward Martin resigned. The current governor is Democrat Tom Wolf, whose term began on January 20, 2015.
GovernorsEdit
Pennsylvania was one of the original thirteen colonies, and was admitted as a state on December 12, 1787. Prior to declaring its independence, Pennsylvania was a colony of the Kingdom of Great Britain; see the list of colonial governors for the pre-statehood period.
Presidents of the Supreme Executive CouncilEdit
The first Pennsylvania constitution in 1776 created the Supreme Executive Council as the state's executive branch, with the President of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania as its head.[7] The president was chosen annually by the council, though with no specific term dates.[8]
The original 1776 constitution created the position of "vice-president", though no provision was made if the office of president became vacant, which occurred four times later. Contemporary sources continue to label the chief executive in such times as the vice president, without any notion of succeeding to the presidency. One acting president, George Bryan, was subsequently recognized later as a full-fledged governor, due to his acting as president for over six months.
Thomas Wharton Jr. March 5, 1777 May 23, 1778
[note 1] George Bryan
George Bryan May 23, 1778 December 1, 1778 acting as president
Joseph Reed December 1, 1778 November 15, 1781 George Bryan
William Moore
William Moore November 15, 1781 November 7, 1782 James Potter
John Dickinson November 7, 1782 October 18, 1785 James Ewing
Charles Biddle
Benjamin Franklin October 18, 1785 November 5, 1788 Charles Biddle
Peter Muhlenberg
David Redick
Thomas Mifflin November 5, 1788 December 21, 1790 George Ross
Governors of the Commonwealth of PennsylvaniaEdit
Five governors of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania who have served since 1995, (left to right): Mark Schweiker, Tom Ridge, Tom Wolf, Tom Corbett and Ed Rendell (January 2015), pose in front of the south facade of the Pennsylvania State Capitol on the Susquehanna River front in Harrisburg at a gubernatorial inauguration
The 1790 constitution abolished the council and replaced the president with a governor,[9] and established a three-year term for governor commencing on the third Tuesday of the December following the election, with governors not allowed to serve more than nine out of any twelve years.[10] The 1838 constitution moved the start of the term to the third Tuesday of the January following the election, and allowed governors to only serve six out of any nine years.[11] The 1874 constitution lengthened the term to four years, and prohibited governors from succeeding themselves.[12] The current constitution of 1968 changed this to allow governors to serve two consecutive terms.[13] There are no limits on the number of terms a governor may serve in total as long as there is a four-year break after a second term.
Under the earlier 1968 constitution, Milton Shapp was the first governor to serve two terms, and Tom Corbett was the first incumbent governor to lose a re-election bid.
If the office of governor becomes vacant through death, resignation, or conviction on impeachment, the lieutenant governor becomes governor for the remainder of the term; if the office is only temporarily vacant due to disability of the governor, the lieutenant governor only acts out the duties of governor.[14] Should both offices be vacant, the president "pro tempore" of the state senate becomes governor.[15] The position of a lieutenant governor was created in the 1874 constitution; prior to then, the speaker of the senate would act as governor in cases of vacancy. Originally, the lieutenant governor could only act as governor; it was not until the 1968 constitution that the lieutenant governor could actually become the sitting governor in that fashion. The office of governor has been vacant for an extended period once before, a 17-day gap in 1848 between the resignation of the previous governor and the swearing in of his acting successor. Governors and lieutenant governors are elected on the same political party ticket.[16]
Anti-Masonic (1) Democratic (12) Democratic-Republican (6) None (1) Republican (26) Whig (2)
Lt. Governor
Thomas Mifflin December 21, 1790 December 17, 1799 None
[note 6] None 3
Thomas McKean December 17, 1799 December 20, 1808 Democratic-
Republican 3
Simon Snyder December 20, 1808 December 16, 1817 Democratic-
William Findlay December 16, 1817 December 19, 1820 Democratic-
Joseph Hiester December 19, 1820 December 16, 1823 Democratic-
John Andrew Shulze December 16, 1823 December 15, 1829 Democratic-
George Wolf December 15, 1829 December 15, 1835 Democratic 2
Joseph Ritner December 15, 1835 January 15, 1839 Anti-Masonic 1
David R. Porter January 15, 1839 January 21, 1845 Democratic 2
Francis R. Shunk January 21, 1845 July 9, 1848 Democratic 1 1⁄2
[note 10]
— Office vacant July 9, 1848 July 26, 1848 — —
William F. Johnston July 26, 1848 January 20, 1852 Whig 1 1⁄2
William Bigler January 20, 1852 January 16, 1855 Democratic 1
James Pollock January 16, 1855 January 19, 1858 Whig 1
William F. Packer January 19, 1858 January 15, 1861 Democratic 1
Andrew Gregg Curtin January 15, 1861 January 15, 1867 Republican 2
John W. Geary January 15, 1867 January 21, 1873 Republican 2
John F. Hartranft January 21, 1873 January 21, 1879 Republican None 2
Henry M. Hoyt January 21, 1879 January 16, 1883 Republican Charles Warren Stone 1
Robert E. Pattison January 16, 1883 January 18, 1887 Democratic Chauncey Forward Black 1
James A. Beaver January 18, 1887 January 20, 1891 Republican William T. Davies 1
Robert E. Pattison January 20, 1891 January 15, 1895 Democratic Louis Arthur Watres 1
Daniel H. Hastings January 15, 1895 January 17, 1899 Republican Walter Lyon 1
William A. Stone January 17, 1899 January 20, 1903 Republican John P. S. Gobin 1
Samuel W. Pennypacker January 20, 1903 January 15, 1907 Republican William M. Brown 1
Edwin Sydney Stuart January 15, 1907 January 17, 1911 Republican Robert S. Murphy 1
John K. Tener January 17, 1911 January 19, 1915 Republican John Merriman Reynolds 1
Martin Grove Brumbaugh January 19, 1915 January 21, 1919 Republican Frank B. McClain 1
William Cameron Sproul January 21, 1919 January 16, 1923 Republican Edward E. Beidleman 1
Gifford Pinchot January 16, 1923 January 18, 1927 Republican David J. Davis 1
John Stuchell Fisher January 18, 1927 January 20, 1931 Republican Arthur James 1
Gifford Pinchot January 20, 1931 January 15, 1935 Republican Edward C. Shannon 1
George Howard Earle III January 15, 1935 January 17, 1939 Democratic Thomas Kennedy 1
31 Arthur James January 17, 1939 January 19, 1943 Republican Samuel S. Lewis 1
Edward Martin January 19, 1943 January 2, 1947 Republican John C. Bell, Jr. 1⁄2
John C. Bell Jr. January 2, 1947 January 21, 1947 Republican vacant 1⁄2
James H. Duff January 21, 1947 January 16, 1951 Republican Daniel B. Strickler 1
35 John S. Fine January 16, 1951 January 18, 1955 Republican Lloyd H. Wood 1
36 George M. Leader January 18, 1955 January 20, 1959 Democratic Roy E. Furman 1
David L. Lawrence January 20, 1959 January 15, 1963 Democratic John Morgan Davis 1
William Scranton January 15, 1963 January 17, 1967 Republican Raymond P. Shafer 1
Ray Shafer January 17, 1967 January 19, 1971 Republican Raymond J. Broderick 1
Milton Shapp January 19, 1971 January 16, 1979 Democratic Ernest P. Kline 2
Dick Thornburgh January 16, 1979 January 20, 1987 Republican William Scranton, III 2
Bob Casey Sr. January 20, 1987 January 17, 1995 Democratic Mark Singel 2
Tom Ridge January 17, 1995 October 5, 2001 Republican Mark Schweiker 1 1⁄2
Mark Schweiker October 5, 2001 January 21, 2003 Republican Robert Jubelirer 1⁄2
Ed Rendell January 21, 2003 January 18, 2011 Democratic Catherine Baker Knoll[note 20] 2
Joe Scarnati[note 21]
Tom Corbett January 18, 2011 January 20, 2015 Republican Jim Cawley 1
Tom Wolf January 20, 2015 Incumbent Democratic Mike Stack 2
John Fetterman
Other high offices heldEdit
This is a table of other governorships, congressional and other federal offices, and ranking diplomatic positions in foreign countries held by Pennsylvania governors. All representatives and senators mentioned represented Pennsylvania except where noted.
† Denotes those offices from which the governor resigned to take the governorship.
Gubernatorial term
Other offices held
Joseph Reed 1778–1781 Delegate to the Continental Congress; elected to the U.S. House but declined his seat. [19]
John Dickinson 1782–1785 President of Delaware, Delegate to the Continental Congress from Delaware, Delegate to the Continental Congress from Pennsylvania [20]
Benjamin Franklin 1785–1788 Minister to France, Minister to Sweden [21]
Thomas Mifflin 1790–1799 President of the Continental Congress [22]
Thomas McKean 1799–1808 President of Delaware, President of the Continental Congress [23]
Simon Snyder 1808–1817 Some records say he was elected to the U.S. Senate, but some only say state senate. The Biographical Directory of the United States Congress has no record of a U.S. Senate term. [24]
William Findlay 1817–1820 S [25]
Joseph Hiester 1820–1823 H† [26]
George Wolf 1829–1835 H† [27]
William Bigler 1852–1855 S [28]
James Pollock 1855–1858 H [29]
Andrew Gregg Curtin 1861–1867 H Ambassador to Russia [30]
John W. Geary 1867–1876 Governor of Kansas Territory [31]
William A. Stone 1899–1903 H† [32]
John K. Tener 1911–1915 H† [33]
George Howard Earle III 1935–1939 Ambassador to Austria† [34]
Edward Martin 1943–1947 S [35]
James H. Duff 1947–1951 S [36]
William Scranton 1963–1967 H Ambassador to the United Nations [37]
Dick Thornburgh 1979–1987 U.S. Attorney General [38]
Tom Ridge 1995–2001 H U.S. Secretary of Homeland Security [39]
The Governor's ResidenceEdit
See also: Pennsylvania Governor's Residence
See Also Governor's Residence via Pennsylvania Politicals
From Pennsylvania Politicals: Pennsylvania has never used the name "mansion" to describe the governor's official home. Even when the first bill was proposed to purchase a home, the word mansion was not used. Rather, the home was and is designated as a "residence." Even during the 79 years that Keystone Hall was used, it was known simply as that, Keystone Hall. Even today, the home located at 2035 North Front Street is officially known as "The Governor's Residence" not "The Governor's Mansion." The distinction may be both psychological and historical. It may help to remind the governor that he lives in the people's house. It may also remind the electorate that the we, as citizens, own the home and allow the individuals we choose to reside there only temporarily.
As early as 1852, the Pennsylvania House of Representatives proposed funds for "the erection of a dwelling for the residence of the Governor of this Commonwealth." Six years later, on January 18, 1858, Governor Pollock signed the bill authorizing funds for the purchase of a building suitable for the governor. By 1861 and the start of the Civil War, Governor Curtin found the home to be too small to handle the full load of war-related business. Funds were authorized to purchase 313 North Front Street. Governor Curtin and family moved into the residence in 1864.
Twenty years later, the neighboring home was purchased, joined together, and a faux façade was built. Keystone Hall was now a fully functioning residence for the governor. By 1959, the home had fallen into such disrepair that the home was sold and demolished the following year. (The governors used the State House at Indiantown Gap during this period.) Arthur James proposed a new governors residence in 1941. He wanted a grand house built in the William & Mary (Williamsburg) style architecture. However, it took over 25 years for his idea to come to fruition. In 1968, the current residence opened to welcome the Ray Shafer family. It has been the home of the governor ever since.
Living former U.S. governors of PennsylvaniaEdit
As of January 2018[update], there are five former U.S. governors of Pennsylvania who are currently living at this time, the oldest U.S. governor of Pennsylvania being Dick Thornburgh (served 1979–1987, born 1932). The most recent death of a former U.S. governor of Pennsylvania was that of William Scranton (served 1963–1967, born 1917), on July 28, 2013. The most recently serving U.S. governor of Pennsylvania to die was Bob Casey Sr., (served 1987–1995) on May 30, 2000.
Date of birth (and age)
Dick Thornburgh 1979–1987 (1932-07-16) July 16, 1932 (age 86)
Tom Ridge 1995–2001 (1945-08-26) August 26, 1945 (age 73)
Mark Schweiker 2001–2003 (1953-01-31) January 31, 1953 (age 66)
Ed Rendell 2003–2011 (1944-01-05) January 5, 1944 (age 75)
Tom Corbett 2011–2015 (1949-06-17) June 17, 1949 (age 70)
List of Pennsylvania gubernatorial elections
List of Pennsylvania state legislatures
Pennsylvania Politicals
List of colonial governors of Pennsylvania
^ Died in office.
^ As Vice President of the Supreme Executive Council, acted as president. Four vice presidents acted as president at various times; however, Bryan's lengthy term has caused his term to since be recognized as being equivalent to president. Contemporary sources listed him only as vice president, acting out the duties of president.
^ a b c d Resigned; no reason was recorded by the Supreme Executive Council.
^ The office of lieutenant governor was not created until the 1873 Constitution, first being filled in 1875.
^ The fractional terms of some governors are not to be understood absolutely literally; rather, they are meant to show single terms during which multiple governors served, due to resignations, deaths and the like.
^ The Federalist Party nominated Mifflin, but he himself carried no party label.
^ Mifflin was elected governor three times under the 1790 Constitution, having previously been elected once as President of the Supreme Executive Council.
^ Ritner was the last to serve before the 1838 constitution limited governors to serving six years out of any nine years; that constitution also changed the term to commence the next January from the election, extending Ritner's term by a month.
^ First governor to serve under the 1838 constitution.
^ Resigned due to illness; he died of tuberculosis only 11 days later.
^ Following Francis R. Shunk's resignation, an interregnum of 17 days occurred before the speaker of the state senate, William F. Johnston, was sworn in.
^ As speaker of the state senate, filled unexpired term, and was subsequently elected governor in his own right.
^ First governor under the 1874 constitution, which prevented governors from succeeding themselves and lengthened terms to four years. Since Hartranft was originally elected under the previous constitution, he was allowed to succeed himself. Hartranft's first term was shortened from three to two years to fit the electoral schedule of the new constitution.
^ Resigned to take an elected seat in the United States Senate. While official sources state Martin resigned on January 3, most contemporary sources reported his resignation as occurring on January 2.[17][18]
^ As lieutenant governor, acted as governor for unexpired term.
^ First governor under the 1968 constitution, and thus eligible to succeed himself.
^ On June 14, 1993, Casey transferred executive authority to Lieutenant Governor Singel, and later that day underwent a heart-liver transplant operation. Singel acted as governor until Casey resumed the powers and duties of the office six months later on December 13, 1993. Because Casey never officially resigned, Singel was only an acting governor.
^ Resigned to be Director of the Office of Homeland Security.
^ As lieutenant governor, filled unexpired term.
^ As president pro tempore of the state senate, acted as lieutenant governor.
"Governors Database: Pennsylvania". National Governors Association. National Governors Association. 2008. Archived from the original on March 16, 2011. Retrieved April 1, 2008.
"Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania". Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. 1968. Retrieved April 21, 2008.
"1874 Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania" (PDF). Constitution Party of Pennsylvania. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 15, 2010. Retrieved July 13, 2010.
"1790 Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania" (PDF). Constitution Party of Pennsylvania. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 15, 2010. Retrieved 2008-04-21.
^ "CSG Releases 2013 Governor Salaries". The Council of State Governments. June 25, 2013. Retrieved November 23, 2014.
^ PA Constitution article IV, § 2
^ PA Constitution article IV, § 15
^ 1776 Constitution § 3
^ 1776 Constitution § 19
^ 1790 Constitution article II, § 1
^ 1790 Constitution article IV, § 3
^ "Executive Branch of the Several States". The Green Papers. Retrieved April 30, 2008.
^ "Martin Quits Today as Penna. Governor; Bell to Take Over". Gettysburg Times. January 2, 1947. Retrieved April 30, 2008.
^ Stevens, Sylvester Kirby (1964). Pennsylvania: Birthplace of a Nation. New York: Random House. p. 375.
^ "Joseph Reed". University of Pennsylvania Archives and Records Center. Archived from the original on 2010-06-13. Retrieved July 13, 2010.
^ "John Dickinson". Delaware's Governors. State of Delaware. Retrieved July 9, 2010.
^ "Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790)". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved July 9, 2010.
^ "Thomas Mifflin". U.S. Army. Retrieved July 9, 2010.
^ "Delaware's Governors". State of Delaware. Retrieved July 9, 2010.
^ Wagenseller, George Washington (1919). Snyder County Annals Volume 1. Middleburgh, Pennsylvania: The Middleburgh Post. p. 8.
^ "Findlay, John". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved July 9, 2010.
^ "HIESTER, Joseph". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved April 30, 2008.
^ "WOLF, George". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved April 30, 2008.
^ "Bigley, William". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved July 9, 2010.
^ "Pollock, James". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved July 9, 2010.
^ "Curtin, Andrew Gregg". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved July 9, 2010.
^ "Kansas Governors". Kansas State Historical Society. Archived from the original on June 13, 2010. Retrieved July 9, 2010.
^ "STONE, William Alexis". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved April 30, 2008.
^ "TENER, John Kinley". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved April 30, 2008.
^ "Former U.S. Ambassadors to Austria" (PDF). U.S. Department of State. Retrieved July 9, 2010.
^ "Martin, Edward". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved July 9, 2010.
^ "Duff, James Henderson". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved July 9, 2010.
^ "History of USUN Ambassadors". United States Mission to the U.N. Archived from the original on September 18, 2009. Retrieved July 9, 2010.
^ "Dick Thornburgh". The Dick Thornburgh Papers. University of Pittsburgh. Retrieved July 9, 2010.
^ "Tom Ridge, Homeland Security Secretary 2003 - 2005". Division of Homeland Security. Retrieved July 9, 2010.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Governors of Pennsylvania.
Office of the Governor of Pennsylvania
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_governors_of_Pennsylvania&oldid=904298009"
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Middle-earth Orc characters
(Redirected from Great Goblin)
For original Orcs from the New Line films, see List of original characters in The Lord of the Rings film series.
The following is a list of the Orcs of Middle-earth, created by fantasy author J. R. R. Tolkien and considered to be part of the Middle-earth canon, which were given an individual name or title by the author. While the Orcs tend to appear as an anonymous mass in his works, a few individuals among them were mentioned by name or other personal identifying characteristics.
AzogEdit
Azog was an Orc chieftain until his death in T.A. 2799. He is referred to in a single remark by Gandalf to Thorin Oakenshield in The Hobbit: "Your grandfather Thrór was killed, you remember, in Azanulbizar by Azog."[1]
He precipitated the War of the Dwarves and Orcs in T.A. 2790 by killing King Thrór, who came to revisit Azanulbizar. By not only killing Thrór, but torturing him for some days, beheading him, and branding his name on the dwarf's head, Azog earned the hatred of all Dwarves, who united in desire to kill him.
In the following years, he was the common enemy of all Dwarves. Gradually, the Orcs were driven back until they held only Azanulbizar. The war Azog started climaxed in the Battle of Azanulbizar, where he killed Náin, but while fleeing back he was caught and beheaded by Náin's son Dáin. After killing Thrór, Azog had given a small pouch of money to Thrór's companion, as payment for him to tell the other Dwarves of the murder. The Dwarves returned the insult by setting Azog's severed head on a stake and sticking the money pouch in his mouth. Azog was succeeded by his son, Bolg.
FilmsEdit
In The Hobbit film series, Azog is depicted as 8 feet 5 inches tall, pale white orc with a white warg as his steed. He is portrayed by Manu Bennett in all three films in an expanded role from the original tale, and is one of the primary antagonists of the films. Azog is also, unlike most orcs, shown to only speak in Black Speech and has sworn to wipe out the line of Durin. He is killed during the Battle of the Five Armies, in which he and Thorin Oakenshield mortally wound each other.
BalcmegEdit
Balcmeg was one of the Orcs killed in the Fall of Gondolin, according to The Book of Lost Tales. Tolkien wrote the story of the fall of the city in 1917 and never fully revised it, and Balcmeg does not appear in the published Silmarillion.
BoldogEdit
Boldog and Thingol
Boldog is a formidable Orc-captain of a Host of Angband that is sent to attack Doriath and capture Lúthien mentioned in The Lay of Leithian in The History of Middle-earth Volume III: The Lays of Beleriand.
The name Boldog was used by several Orc chieftains during the First Age. In a note ca.1960 Tolkien suggested that it is possible that Boldog was actually a title, given to lesser Maiar, servants of Morgoth, who had taken an Orkish hröa.[2]
BolgEdit
Bolg, an antagonist in The Hobbit, was an Orc chieftain who came to power in the Misty Mountains after his father, Azog, was killed in the war with Dwarves. Bolg ruled for some 150 years and led an army of Orcs in the Battle of Five Armies. He was killed by Beorn during the battle: "Swiftly he returned, and his wrath was redoubled, so that nothing could withstand him, and no weapon seemed to bite upon him. He scattered the bodyguard, and pulled down Bolg himself and crushed him."[3]
Bolg is portrayed by Conan Stevens in The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey, Lawrence Makoare in The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug and John Tui in The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies. Originally Conan Stevens was to portray him through prosthetic makeup, but once Lawrence Makoare replaced him, Bolg was revamped into a completely CGI character. Much of the action from the book involving Bolg in An Unexpected Journey is instead given to his father Azog, who, in the films, survives the confrontation with the Dwarves. In The Desolation of Smaug, when his father is summoned to lead the Necromancer's Orc army, Bolg resumes the prominent role, taking over the task of hunting down Thorin's company. In The Battle of Five Armies he leads a separate Orc army detachment raised in Gundabad to join his father's army at Erebor. Arriving with an advance force, he aids his father against Thorin Oakenshield's commando team on Ravenhill, nearly kills the Elf Tauriel, and slays the dwarf Kíli when he comes to her defense. Soon afterwards, however, he is confronted and killed by Legolas, who drives one of his battle-knives into his head; Bolg's body subsequently falls off the mountain and is crushed by a boulder falling on top of it.
GolfimbulEdit
Golfimbul was a chieftain of the Orcs of Mount Gram, who led his band in an invasion of the Shire. He was defeated at the Battle of Greenfields by a force led by Bandobras Took, who knocked off Golfimbul's head with a club and it soared into the air, finally falling into a rabbit hole. According to Hobbit folklore, this inspired the game of golf, which takes its name from the Orc. Golfimbul's name was probably specifically constructed for this pun; fimbul is Old Norse for "great".[4]
GorbagEdit
Gorbag in The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King.
Gorbag was an Orc captain in the service of Minas Morgul.[5] He and his company were based with the Nazgûl in the Dead City.
During the War of the Ring they were ordered to patrol towards the fortress Tower of Cirith Ungol where the garrison was commanded by another Orc captain, Shagrat, who was an old acquaintance. Shagrat was leading a patrol back in the opposite direction; when the patrols met they simultaneously discovered the body of Frodo Baggins, who had been paralyzed and cocooned by Shelob. Gorbag, noticing the trail of slime between Frodo's body and a crack in the wall, reasoned (correctly) that Shelob had been bested by an intended victim for the first time in living memory, that it was an Elvish blade that inflicted the wound and that this meant there must have been a trespasser in the area other than just Frodo, but imagined it must have been a warrior Elf with an axe rather than the comparatively unassuming figure of Sam Gamgee armed with the small dagger Sting.
The two Orc captains took Frodo back to Cirith Ungol where Gorbag suggested torture, but Shagrat insisted that their prisoner be sent to Barad-dûr for interrogation. While sifting through Frodo's belongings, a dispute began between the two captains after Gorbag claimed ownership of Frodo's mithril vest, which escalated into a fratricidal battle throughout the stronghold between the Morgul and Cirith Ungol companies of Orcs. In this fight Gorbag was slain by Shagrat,[5] who then escaped with the mithril shirt.[6]
In Peter Jackson's movies, Gorbag is played by Stephen Ure.
GorgolEdit
Gorgol was an Orc chieftain, also called the Butcher, who lived in Middle-earth during the First Age. He led the Orcs that slew Barahir and his companions, and took Barahir's hand as a trophy. He was slain by Barahir's son Beren.
GrishnákhEdit
Grishnákh was an Orc captain in a group of Mordor Orcs that joined Saruman's Uruk-hai troops on the plains of Rohan.
After failing to convince Uglúk, the Uruk-hai captain, to lead the expedition east to safety in Mordor, he leaves and returns with 20-40 peers from Mordor, claiming a brotherly desire to help their fellow Orcs. However, Grishnákh's actual plans for the two captives, Merry and Pippin, were in conflict with Uglúk's orders to deliver them to Saruman unharmed. He was killed when the Orcs were attacked by Éomer's Men. He tried to smuggle the Hobbits away from the Uruk-hai and into Fangorn Forest: a Rohirrim rider shot him in the hand before killing him with a spear.
In Ralph Bakshi's animated film The Lord of the Rings, Grishnákh is an Orc from Isengard with a fondness for the Uruk-draught that is force-fed to Merry and Pippin.
In Peter Jackson's films, Grishnákh is played by Stephen Ure.
The black metal artist Varg Vikernes used the pseudonym Count Grishnackh (as well as The Count) when the started the band Burzum
LagdufEdit
Lagduf was an Uruk of Cirith Ungol under the command of Shagrat. He and Muzgash were killed by Gorbag's troops in the battle over Frodo's mithril-shirt.
LugEdit
Lug was one of the Orcs killed by Tuor during the Fall of Gondolin, according to The Book of Lost Tales (written circa 1917). Lug does not appear in the published Silmarillion.
LugdushEdit
Lugdush was one of Saruman's Uruk-hai and a trusted subordinate of Uglúk. In The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers, Lugdush is the Uruk who smells "Man flesh" and warns the others. In the Extended Edition, Mauhúr is the one who smells "Man flesh" instead of Lugdush.
MauhúrEdit
Mauhúr was an Uruk of Isengard who led a company of reinforcements through the eaves of Fangorn forest to come to the aid of Uglúk, whose company had been surrounded by a group of Rohirrim. When Mauhúr's company attacked, some of the Rohirrim rode to meet them while the others closed in around Uglúk's camp. Uglúk's captives, Merry and Pippin, found themselves outside the circle and were able to escape into Fangorn forest. In the film, Mauhúr is travelling with Uglúk's group from the start. He and all the other Orcs are slaughtered in their confrontation with the Rohirrim, and the head impaled on a pike seen the following morning is apparently his.
MuzgashEdit
Muzgash was an Uruk of Cirith Ungol under the command of Shagrat. He and his comrade Lagduf were killed by Gorbag's troops in the battle over Frodo Baggins's mithril-shirt.
OrcobalEdit
Ecthelion slays Orcobal, drawing by Tom Loback
Orcobal was an Orc leader in the Fall of Gondolin, killed by Ecthelion. Tolkien wrote the story of the fall of the city in 1917 and never fully revised it, and Orcobal does not appear in the published Silmarillion.
OthrodEdit
Othrod was an Orc leader in the Fall of Gondolin, killed by Tuor. Tolkien wrote the story of the fall of the city in 1917 and never fully revised it, and Othrod does not appear in the published Silmarillion.
RadbugEdit
Radbug was an Orc of Cirith Ungol who was killed by Shagrat, his captain, in the battle over Frodo Baggins's mithril-shirt (apparently by strangulation).
The name was used in the Jackson film adaptation for an Orc captain overseeing Saruman's mining operations at Orthanc.
ShagratEdit
Shagrat, leader of the Black Uruks of Mordor in Peter Jackson's The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King.
Shagrat was the captain in command of the Uruks at the Tower of Cirith Ungol, a watchtower that guarded a treacherous pass into Mordor. He was an old acquaintance of Gorbag, his equivalent in Minas Morgul.
Shagrat and Gorbag were leading separate patrols when they simultaneously discovered the unconscious Frodo Baggins near Shelob's Lair. They took Frodo to the highest room of Shagrat's tower, as Sam Gamgee pursued and listened, invisible by means of the One Ring. It was Shagrat who pointed out that Shelob had only paralysed Frodo and not killed him as Sam- and Gorbag- had first thought and so became an unlikely saviour of Frodo from "going in the pot". Shagrat also favoured stripping Frodo of all possessions and documenting them followed by interrogation over Gorbag's proposal of torture. While the two Orc captains were searching through Frodo's things, a dispute erupted over the highly valuable mithril shirt. The quarrel led to a battle between their respective units in the tower, where almost all were killed, culminating in Shagrat killing the wounded Gorbag.
In Peter Jackson's film trilogy, Shagrat's role is somewhat confusing. He is portrayed as a large Mordor Uruk and of clearly different stock along with the other Orcs of the tower of Cirith Ungol from Gorbag, yet he claims Frodo's mithril shirt as his own. Shagrat is played by Peter Tait.
After the fight among the Orcs, Shagrat (in both the book and film) smuggled the shirt past Sam Gamgee and delivered it to the Dark Tower. His fate is not known beyond that point.
Cultural referencesEdit
Steve Peregrin Took was credited as "Shagrat The Vagrant" on Mick Farren's 1970 solo album Mona – The Carnivorous Circus and the two formed a band called Shagrat, also featuring guitarist Larry Wallis. Farren soon quit, leaving Took in sole command of the band. Shagrat then recorded three demos at Strawberry Studios and later played the Phun City festival, promoted by Farren.
More recently in music history, in Black metal music, Shagrath of Dimmu Borgir and Ov Hell took his stage name from Shagrat
SnagaEdit
Snaga, translated as "slave" in Appendix F of The Lord of the Rings, is not a personal name but a term used by Uruks to describe lesser Orcs. Used among others by Uglúk to a scout of the Uruk-hai and by Shagrat to one of the Orcs of the Tower of Cirith Ungol.
In the film The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers the name Snaga is associated with (though never mentioned by name in the movie) a particular Orc, who is part of Grishnákh's company, and wants to eat Merry and Pippin to sate his hunger. He is decapitated by Uglúk and cannibalized by the Uruk-hai. He is acted by Jed Brophy[7] and voiced by Andy Serkis .[citation needed]
Snaga appears in The Lord Of the Rings: The Return of the King, Book VI, chapter 1, "The Tower of Cirith Ungol", as an orc of the company of the Tower of Cirith Ungol. Snaga runs away from Shagrat and is killed by Samwise Gamgee while he is taunting the captive Frodo. {The Lord Of The Rings: The Return of the King, published by George Allen & Unwin, 1976}
UfthakEdit
Ufthak was in the service of the Tower of Cirith Ungol, under the command of Shagrat. He was captured, poisoned, and then forgotten by Shelob. Nonetheless, his fellow Orcs who discovered him made no attempt to rescue him, for they were amused at his paralyzed predicament and did not want to interfere with Shelob. He is later presumed to have perished from starvation.[8]
UglúkEdit
Uglúk was the deep-voiced captain of the Uruk-hai band that attacked the Fellowship at Amon Hen and captured Merry and Pippin. The Uruk-hai were accompanied by contingents of Orcs from Mordor and Moria, but Uglúk and his fellow Isengarders claimed credit for killing Boromir. He defended Merry and Pippin from Moria Orcs who wanted to eat them, citing orders to bring the Hobbits to Saruman in good health. He also objected to accusations of cannibalism made by Grishnákh, the leader of the Mordor contingent. When Grishnákh returned with two or three dozen other Mordor Orcs, Uglúk gullibly accepted their offer of help at face value. Uglúk was usually effective at instilling discipline, although this once required beheading a few Moria dissenters. He and the combined bands were tracked by Éomer's band of Rohirrim on their way to Isengard until, near the eaves of Fangorn forest, they were surrounded and annihilated, Uglúk being slain by Éomer personally.
In Peter Jackson's film version of the trilogy, the captain of the Orc-band is Lúrtz, who is slain by Aragorn at Amon Hen. Uglúk, played by Nathaniel Lees, then took command after his senior's death. When Grishnákh and his Orcs want to eat the hobbits, Uglúk and his Uruk-hai stop them. Uglúk then beheads "Snaga," a smaller Orc who was determined to eat them; his body is then cannibalized. The band is then attacked by Éomer's band and it is assumed Uglúk is slain by them.
Middle-earth portal
Gothmog, the deformed Orc general in Peter Jackson's Lord of the Rings film trilogy
^ Tolkien, The Hobbit, ch. 1: "An Unexpected Party".
^ Rateliff, John D. (2007). The History of the Hobbit. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. p. 711. ISBN 978-0-618-96919-7.
^ Tolkien, J. R. R. (1937), Douglas A. Anderson (ed.), The Annotated Hobbit, Boston: Houghton Mifflin (published 2002), p. 260, ISBN 0-618-13470-0
^ Svenska Akademiens Ordbok, entry for Fimbulvinter
^ a b "Gorbag". The Encyclopedia of Arda. 10 April 1998.
^ "Shagrat". The Encyclopedia of Arda. 7 November 2007.
^ Jed Brophy as Snaga and Sharku, TheOneRing.net.
^ the Return of the King Book VI chapter 1 the Tower of Cirith Ungol Unwin paperbacks 1976
Annals of Arda: Orcs
Orcs at The Thain's Book
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Khushwant Singh
Khushwant Singh (born Khushal Singh, 2 February 1915 – 20 March 2014) was an Indian author, lawyer, diplomat, journalist and politician. His experience in the 1947 Partition of India inspired him to write Train to Pakistan in 1956 (made into film in 1998), which became his most well-known novel.[1][2]
Khushwant Singh at a reading in New Delhi
Khushal Singh
(1915-02-02)2 February 1915
Hadali, British India (now in Khushab District, Punjab, Pakistan)
Journalist, writer, historian, critic
St. Stephen's College, Delhi
King's College London (as issued by University of London) Modern School (New Delhi)
Sobha Si
Born in Punjab, Khushwant Singh was educated in New Delhi, and studied law at St. Stephen's College, Delhi, and King's College London. After working as a lawyer in Lahore Court for eight years, he joined the Indian Foreign Service upon the Independence of India from British Empire in 1947. He was appointed journalist in the All India Radio in 1951, and then moved to the Department of Mass Communications of UNESCO at Paris in 1956. These last two careers encouraged him to pursue a literary career. As a writer, he was best known for his trenchant secularism,[3] humour, sarcasm and an abiding love of poetry. His comparisons of social and behaviour characteristics of Westerners and Indians are laced with acid wit. He served as the editor of several literary and news magazines, as well as two newspapers, through the 1970s and 1980s. Between 1980-1986 he served as Member of Parliament in Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Parliament of India.
Khushwant Singh was bestowed with the Padma Bhushan in 1974.[4] But he returned the award in 1984 in protest against Operation Blue Star in which the Indian Army raided Amritsar. In 2007 he was awarded the Padma Vibhushan, the second-highest civilian award in India.[5]
Khushwant Singh was born in Hadali, Khushab District, Punjab (which now lies in Pakistan), in a Sikh family. He was the younger son of Sir Sobha Singh and Veeran Bai. Births and deaths were not recorded in his time, and for him his father simply made up 2 February 1915 for his school enrolment at Modern School, New Delhi.[6] But his grandmother Lakshmi Bai asserted that he was born in August, so he later set the date for himself as 15 August.[1] Sobha Singh was a prominent builder in Lutyens' Delhi.[7] His uncle Sardar Ujjal Singh (1895–1983) was previously Governor of Punjab and Tamil Nadu.
His birth name, given by his grandmother, was Khushal Singh (meaning "Prosperous Lion"). He was called by a pet name "Shalee". At school his name earned him ridicule as other boys would mock at him with an expression, "Shalee Shoolie, Bagh dee Moolee" (meaning, "This shalee or shoolee is the radish of some garden.") He chose Khushwant so that it rhymes with his elder brother's name Bhagwant.[8] (He declared that his new name was "self-manufactured and meaningless". But he later discovered that there was a Hindu physician with the same name, and the number subsequently increased.)[9]
He entered Delhi Modern School in 1920 and studied there till 1930. There he met his future wife, Kawal Malik, one year his junior.[6] He continued higher education at Government College, Lahore, St. Stephen's College in Delhi and King's College London, before reading for the Bar at the Inner Temple.[10][11]
Khushwant Singh started his professional career as a practising lawyer in 1939. He worked at Lahore Court for eight years. In 1947 he entered Indian Foreign Service for the newly independent India. He started as Information Officer of the Government of India in Toronto, Canada. He was Press Attaché and Public Officer for the Indian High Commission for four years in London and Ottawa. In 1951 he joined the All India Radio as a journalist. Between 1954 and 1956 he worked in Department of Mass Communication of the UNESCO at Paris.[12][13] From 1956 he turned to editorial services. He founded and edited Yojana,[14] an Indian government journal in 1951 -1953; The Illustrated Weekly of India, a newsweekly; and two major Indian newspapers, The National Herald and the Hindustan Times.[15][16] During his tenure, The Illustrated Weekly became India's pre-eminent newsweekly, with its circulation raising from 65,000 to 400000.[17] After working for nine years in the weekly, on 25 July 1978, a week before he was to retire, the management asked Singh to leave "with immediate effect".[17] A new editor was installed the same day.[17] After Singh's departure, the weekly suffered a huge drop in readership.[18] In 2016 Khushwant Singh enters Limca Book of Records as a tribute.[19]
PoliticsEdit
From 1980 to 1986, Singh was a member of Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Indian parliament. He was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 1974 for service to his country. In 1984, he returned the award in protest against the siege of the Golden Temple by the Indian Army.[20] In 2007, the Indian government awarded Khushwant Singh the Padma Vibhushan.
As a public figure, khushwant Singh was accused of favouring the ruling Congress party, especially during the reign of Indira Gandhi. He was derisively called an 'establishment liberal'. Singh's faith in the Indian political system was shaken by the anti-Sikh riots that followed Indira Gandhi's assassination, in which major Congress politicians are alleged to be involved; but he remained resolutely positive on the promise of Indian democracy[21] and worked via Citizen's Justice Committee floated by H. S. Phoolka who is a senior advocate of Delhi High Court.
Singh was a votary of greater diplomatic relations with Israel at a time when India did not want to displease Arab nations where thousands of Indians found employment. He visited Israel in the 1970s and was impressed by its progress.[22]
Khushwant Singh was married to Kawal Malik. Malik was his childhood friend who had moved to London earlier. They met again when he studied law at King's College London, and soon got married.[2] They had a son, named Rahul Singh, and a daughter, named Mala. His wife predeceased him in 2001.[15] Actress Amrita Singh is the daughter of his brother Daljit Singh's son - Shavinder Singh and Rukhsana Sultana. He stayed in "Sujan Singh Park", near Khan Market New Delhi, Delhi's first apartment complex, built by his father in 1945, and named after his grandfather.[23] His grandniece Tisca Chopra is a noted TV and Film Actress.[24]
Religious beliefEdit
Singh was a self-proclaimed agnostic, as the title of his 2011 book Agnostic Khushwant: There is no God explicitly revealed. He was particularly against organised religion. He was evidently inclined towards atheism, as he said, "One can be a saintly person without believed in God and a detestable villain believing in him. In my personalised religion, There Is No God!"[25] He also once said, "I don't believe in rebirth or in reincarnation, in the day of judgement or in heaven or hell. I accept the finality of death."[26] His last book The Good, The Bad and The Ridiculous was published in October 2013, following which he retired from writing.[27] The book was his continued critique of religion and especially its practice in India, including the critique of the clergy and priests. It earned a lot of acclaim in India.[28]
Singh died of natural causes on 20 March 2014 at his Delhi residence, at the age of 98. His death was mourned by many including the President, Vice-President and Prime Minister of India.[29] He is survived by his son and daughter. He was cremated at Lodhi Crematorium in Delhi at 4 in the afternoon of the same day.[3] During his lifetime, Khushwant Singh was keen on burial because he believed that with a burial we give back to the earth what we have taken. He had requested the management of the Bahá'í Faith if he could be buried in their cemetery. After initial agreement, they had proposed some conditions which were unacceptable to Singh, and hence the idea was later abandoned.[30] He was born in Hadali, Khushab District in the Punjab Province of modern Pakistan, in 1915. According to his wishes, some of his ashes were brought and scattered in Hadali.[31]
In 1943 he had already written his own obituary, included in his collection of short stories Posthumous. Under the headline "Sardar Khushwant Singh Dead", the text reads:
We regret to announce the sudden death of Sardar Khushwant Singh at 6 pm last evening. He leaves behind a young widow, two infant children and a large number of friends and admirers. Amongst those who called at the late sardar’s residence were the PA to the chief justice, several ministers, and judges of the high court.[32]
He also prepared an epitaph for himself, which runs:
Here lies one who spared neither man nor God;
Waste not your tears on him, he was a sod;
Writing nasty things he regarded as great fun;
Thank the Lord he is dead, this son of a gun.[33]
He was cremated and his ashes are buried in Hadali school, where a plaque is placed bearing the inscription:
SARDAR KHUSHWANT SINGH
A SIKH, A SCHOLAR AND A SON OF HADALI (Punjab)
'This is where my roots are. I have nourished them with tears of nostalgia ...[34]'
Rockefeller Grant,1966[35]
Padma Bhushan, Government of India (1974) (He returned the decoration in 1984 in protest against the Union government's siege of the Golden Temple, Amritsar)[13]
Honest Man of the Year, Sulabh International (2000)[16]
Punjab Rattan Award, The Government of Punjab (2006)[13]
Padma Vibhushan, Government of India (2007)[13]
Sahitya Akademi Fellowship by Sahitya academy of India (2010)[36]
'All-India Minorities Forum Annual Fellowship Award' by Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Akhilesh Yadav (2012)[37]
Lifetime achievement award by Tata Literature Live! The Mumbai Litfest in 2013[13]
Fellow of King's College London in January 2014[35]
Find sources: "Khushwant Singh" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (March 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
The Mark of Vishnu and Other Stories, (Short Story) 1950[38]
The History of Sikhs, 1953
Train to Pakistan, (Novel) 1956[38]
The Voice of God and Other Stories, (Short Story) 1957[38]
I Shall Not Hear the Nightingale, (Novel) 1959[38]
The Sikhs Today, 1959[38]
The Fall of the Kingdom of the Punjab, 1962[38]
A History of the Sikhs, 1963[39]
Ranjit Singh: The Maharaja of the Punjab, 1963[38]
Ghadar 1915: India's first armed revolution, 1966[38]
A History of the Sikhs, 1966 (2nd edition)[40]
A Bride for the Sahib and Other Stories, (Short Story) 1967[38]
Black Jasmine, (Short Story) 1971[38]
Tragedy of Punjab'"
The Collected Stories of Khushwant Singh, N.p., Ravi Dayal Publisher, 1989
Delhi: A Novel, (Novel) 1990[38]
Not a Nice Man to Know: The Best of Khushwant Singh, 1993[38]
We Indians, 1993[38]
Women and Men in My Life, 1995[38]
Declaring Love in Four Languages, by Khushwant Singh and Sharda Kaushik, 1997
India: An Introduction, by Khushwant Singh
The Company of Women, (Novel) 1999[38]
Truth, Love and a Little Malice (an autobiography), 2002
With Malice towards One and All
The End of India, 2003[38]
Burial at the Sea, 2004[38]
Paradise and Other Stories, 2004[38]
A History of the Sikhs: 1469–1838, 2004[41]
Death at My Doorstep, 2005[38]
The Illustrated History of the Sikhs, 2006[38]
Why I Supported the Emergency: Essays and Profiles, 2009[38]
The Sunset Club, (Novel) 2010
Gods and Godmen of India, 2012 ISBN 978-9-350-29244-0
Agnostic Khushwant: There is no God, 2012 ISBN 978-9-381-43111-5
The Good, the Bad and the Ridiculous, 2013 (Co-authored with Humra Qureshi)
More Malicious Gossip 1989 - Collection of Writings
Sex, Scotch & Scholarship, 1992 Collection of Writings
Big Book of Malice, 2000, Collection of Writings
Khushwantnama, The Lessons Of My Life, 2013
The Freethinker's Prayer Book and Some Words To Live By, 2012
Short storyEdit
The Portrait of a Lady
Success Mantra
A Love Affair In London
ना काहू से दोस्ती ना काहू से बैर
PlayEdit
Television Documentary: Third World—Free Press (also presenter; Third Eye series), 1983 (UK).[43]
"Karma", a short story by Khushwant Singh
^ a b Sengupta, Somini (20 March 2014). "Khushwant Singh, provocative Indian journalist, dies at 99". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 February 2018.
^ a b Subramonian, Surabhi (20 March 2014). "India's very own literary genius Khushwant Singh passes away, read his story". dna. Diligent Media Corporation Ltd. Retrieved 7 May 2015.
^ a b TNN (20 March 2014). "Khushwant Singh, journalist and writer, dies at 99". The Times of India. Retrieved 21 March 2014.
^ "Padma Awards" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 October 2015. Retrieved 21 July 2015.
^ TNT (28 January 2008). "Those who said no to top awards". The Times of India. Retrieved 7 May 2015.
^ a b Singh, Rahul (2008). "The Man in the Light Bulb: Khushwant Singh". In Dharker, Anil (ed.). Icons: Men & Women Who Shaped Today's India. New Delhi: Lotus Collection, an imprint of Roli Books. ISBN 978-81-7436-612-2.
^ Singh, Ranjit (2008). Sikh Achievers. New Delhi: Hemkunt Publishers. p. 168. ISBN 978-8-17-01036-53.
^ Singh, Khushwant (19 February 2001). "The Kh Factor". Outlook. Retrieved 7 May 2015.
^ Singh, Khushwant (25 November 2006). "DON'T WORRY, BE HAPPY". The Telegraph. Retrieved 7 May 2015.
^ Vinita Rani, "Style and Structure in the Short Stories of Khushwant Singh. A Critical Study.", PhD Thesis
^ Singh, Khuswant (2000). Bhattacharjea, Aditya; Chatterji, Lola (eds.). The Fiction of St. Stephen's. New Delhi: Ravi Dayal Publisher. p. v. ISBN 978-8-17-53003-09.
^ Press Trust of India (20 March 2014). "Khushwant Singh could easily switch roles from author to commentator and journalist". The Indian Express. Retrieved 21 March 2014.
^ a b c d e "Life and times of Khushwant Singh l". India Today. Retrieved 21 March 2014.
^ "Yojana". Retrieved 18 September 2013.
^ a b PTI (20 March 2014). "Khushwant Singh, renowned author and journalist, passes away". The Economic Times. Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd. Retrieved 21 March 2016.
^ a b "Khushwant Singh, 1915-". The South Asian Literary Recording Project. The Library of Congress (New Delhi). 2016. Retrieved 21 March 2016.
^ a b c Khushwant Singh (1993). "Farewell to the Illustrated Weekly". In Nandini Mehta (ed.). Not a Nice Man To Know. Penguin Books. p. 8. On 25 July 1978, one week before he was to retire, he was abruptly asked to leave with immediate effect. Khushwant quietly got up, collected his umbrella, and without a word to his staff, left the office where he had worked for nine years, raising the Illustrated Weekly's circulation from 65,000 to 400,000. The new editor was installed the same day, and ordered by the Weekly's management to kill the "Farewell" column.
^ "Khushwant Singh's Journalism: The Illustrated Weekly of India". Sepiamutiny.com. Retrieved 9 August 2009.
^ "TRIBUTE - Khushwant Singh". Limca Book of Records. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
^ "Those who said no to top awards". The Times of India. 20 January 2008. Retrieved 5 November 2008.
^ Singh, Khushwant, "Oh, That Other Hindu Riot of Passage," Outlook Magazine, November, 07, 2004, available at [1]
^ Singh, Khushwant (18 October 2003). "THIS ABOVE ALL : When Israel was a distant dream". The Tribune. Retrieved 27 March 2014.
^ "Making history with brick and mortar". Hindustan Times. 15 September 2011. Archived from the original on 5 December 2012.
^ "Grandniece Tisca Chopra remembers granduncle Khushwant Singh". IANS. news.biharprabha.com. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
^ Nayar, Aruti. "Staring into The Abyss: Khushwant Singh's Personal Struggles With Organized Religion". sikhchic.com. Retrieved 21 March 2014.
^ Khuswant, Singh (16 August 2010). "How To Live & Die". Outlook.
^ "Veteran Writer and Novelist Khushwant Singh passes away at 99". news.biharprabha.com. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
^ Tiwary, Akash (21 March 2014). "Khushwant Singh's demise bereaves India of its most articulate agnostic". The Avenue Mail. Retrieved 21 March 2014.
^ "President, Prime Minister of India condole Khushwant Singh's Demise". IANS. news.biharprabha.com. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
^ "Excerpt: How To Live & Die". Outlook India. Retrieved 23 March 2014.
^ Train to Pakistan : 2014
^ Singh, Khushwant (16 October 2010). "How To Live & Die". Outlook. Retrieved 7 May 2015.
^ PTI (20 March 2014). "Here lies one who spared neither man nor God: Khushwant's epitaph for himself". The Hindu. Retrieved 7 May 2015.
^ Masood, Tariq (15 June 2014). "Khushwant Singh: The final homecoming". Tribune. Retrieved 7 May 2015.
^ a b "Khushwant Singh awarded Fellowship". King's College London. Retrieved 21 March 2014.
^ Mukherjee, Abishek. "Khushwant Singh and the cricket connection". The Cricket Country. Retrieved 21 March 2014.
^ "Akhilesh honours Khushwant-Singh". The Times of India. Retrieved 21 March 2014.
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u "Khushwant Singh". Open University. Retrieved 21 March 2014.
^ Singh, Khushwant (1963). A History of the Sikhs. Princeton University Press.
^ Singh, Khushwant (1966). A History of the Sikhs (2 ed.). Princeton University Press.
^ Singh, Khushwant (2004). A History of the Sikhs: 1469–1838 (2, illustrated ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 434. ISBN 9780195673081. Retrieved 7 July 2009.
^ "Third Eye: Third World – Free Press?". BFI. Retrieved 21 March 2014.
Chopra, Radika."Social Criticism through Social History in Khushwant Singh's non-fiction". Muse India Journal. Issue 44. July–August 2012.
Chopra, Radika. "Fiction as Social History:A Study of Khushwant Singh's Novels". The IUP Journal of English Studies Vol 1. viii, No. 2 June 2013. pp. 59–77.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Khushwant Singh.
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Essay on Khushwant Singh on Literary Encyclopedia
Interview with Khushwant Singh
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Kottabos
Kottabos player, red-figure kylix, ca. 510 BC, Ancient Agora Museum in Athens.
Kottabos (Ancient Greek: κότταβος) was a game of skill played at ancient Greek and Etruscan symposia (drinking parties), especially in the 5th and 4th centuries BC. The game is played by flinging wine lees (sediment) at targets. The player would utter the name of the object of his affection.[1]
The game appears to have been of Sicilian origin, but it spread through Greece from Thessaly to Rhodes, and was especially fashionable at Athens. Writers including Dionysius Chalcus, Alcaeus, Anacreon, Pindar, Bacchylides, Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides, Aristophanes, and Antiphanes make frequent and familiar allusion to the practice, and it appears on vases from the era. References to the practice by the writers of the Roman and Alexandrian periods show that the fashion had died out. In Latin literature it is almost entirely unknown.
Forms of playEdit
Symposium scene with kottabos player (center). Fresco from the Tomb of the Diver, 475 BC. Paestum National Museum, Italy.
The object of the player was to cast a portion of wine left in his drinking cup, in such a way that it doesn't break bulk in its passage through the air, towards a bronze "lamp stand" with a tiny statuette on top with outstretched arms delicately holding a small disc called a plastinx. Halfway down the stand was a larger disc called the manes. To be successful the player had to knock off the plastinx in such a way that it would fall to the manes and make a bell like sound.[2] Both the wine thrown and the noise made were called latax (λάταξ). The thrower, in the ordinary form of the game, was expected to retain the recumbent position that was usual at table, and, in flinging the kottabos, to make use of his right hand only.
To succeed in the aim of the game dexterity was required, and unusual ability in the game was rated as high as corresponding excellence in throwing the javelin. Not only was the kottabos the ordinary accompaniment of the festal assembly, but, at least in Sicily, a special building of a circular form was sometimes erected so that the players might be easily arranged round the basin, and follow each other in rapid succession. Like all games in which the element of chance found a place, it was regarded as more or less ominous of the future success of the players, especially in matters of love – and the excitement was sometimes further augmented by some object of value being staked on the event.
VariationsEdit
Kottabos player; Red-figure Attic kylix; Louvre
Various modifications of the original principle of the game were gradually introduced, but for practical purposes we may reckon two varieties:
Kottabos with an oxybaphonEdit
In Kottabos with an oxybaphon (Κότταβος δι᾽ ὀξυβάφων), shallow saucers (ὀξύβαφα or "oxybapha") were floated in a basin or mixing-bowl filled with water; the object was to sink each oxybaphon by throwing the wine into it. The competitor who sank the greatest number was considered victorious, and received the prize (κοττάβιον or "cottabium"), which consisted of cakes or sweetmeats.
Sunken kottabosEdit
Sunken kottabos (Κότταβος κατακτός) is not so simple. The apparatus (kottabeion, pl. kottabeia)[3] involved consisted of the rhabdus (ῥάβδος, a bronze pole), the plastinx (πλάστιγξ, a small saucer like that on a balance), the lecanis (λεκανίς, a large saucer), and the manes (μάνης, a bronze figurine).
The discovery in Etruscan burial sites (by Wolfgang Helbig in 1886) of two sets of actual apparatus in Umbria, near Perugia, as well as various representations on Greek vases help explain the somewhat obscure accounts[4] of how cottabus was played.
The rhabdus (pole) had a flat base, and the main structure tapered towards the top, with a blunt end (on which the plastinx or manes was balanced). The plastinx (small saucer) had a hole near the edge and was slightly concave in the middle.
About two-thirds of the way down, the rhabdus was encircled by the lecanis (large saucer). A socket near the top of the rhabdus held the manes (figurine). The manes was in the shape of a man, with his right arm and leg uplifted, sometimes holding a drinking horn (or "rhytum").
According to Helbig, three games[5] were played with this apparatus:
Method No. 1Edit
The plastinx (small saucer) was fixed on top of the rhabdus (pole), with the lecanis (large saucer) below. The players tried to fill the plastinx with enough wine to tip it over (with a crash) onto the lecanis.
Played exactly the same as method No. 1, except that the plastinx was supposed to hit the manes (figurine) on the way down to the lecanis.
Played exactly the same as method No. 1, except that the manes (instead of the plastinx) was fixed on top of the rhabdus, and it was at this that the wine was thrown.
Drink portal
List of drinking games
^ 99/117/1 Drinking cup (kylix), red-figure style, glazed terracotta, attributed to the Antiphon Painter, Athens, Greece, c. 490–480 BCE – Powerhouse Museum Collection
^ Hugh Johnson, Vintage: The Story of Wine pg 44. Simon and Schuster 1989
^ Herman W. Hayley, "The kottabos kataktos in the Light of Recent Investigations", Harvard Studies in Classical Philology, Vol. 5, 1894 (1894), pp. 73–82
^ These accounts, contained in the writings of various Greek and Roman authors, should not be assumed as entirely accurate since they were written at a time when cottabus had, in fact, become obsolete
^ A fourth method, in which a set of scales was barraged with wine so that each side of the scale would dip down and touch an image placed underneath, probably never existed and was conceived by a confusion of the plastinx with a scale-pan by reason of its name (which also means "scale" in Greek).
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Cottabus". Encyclopædia Britannica. 7 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. This article in turn cites:
Sartoris, C. Das Kottabos-Spiel der alten Griechen. 1893. ‹See Tfd›(in German) A complete treatise on the subject with a full bibliography of ancient and more modern authorities.
Higgins, A. “Recent Discoveries of the Apparatus used in playing the Game of Kottabos.” Archaeologia, li. 1888.
Daremberg and Saglios. “Kottabos.” Dictionnaire des antiquités ‹See Tfd›(in French)
de Fouquières, L. Becq. Les Jeux des anciens. 1873. ‹See Tfd›(in French)
Helbig, Wolfgang. Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts. Römische Abteilung i. 1886. ‹See Tfd›(in German)
Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities (pp. 366–367).
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Liger
The liger is a hybrid offspring of a male lion (Panthera leo) and a female tiger (Panthera tigris). The liger has parents in the same genus but of different species. The liger is distinct from the similar hybrid tigon, and is the largest of all known extant felines.[1][2] They enjoy swimming, which is a characteristic of tigers, and are very sociable like lions. Notably, ligers typically grow larger than either parent species, unlike tigons.[1][2][3]
Female (left) and male (right) ligers at Everland amusement park in South Korea.
Order: Carnivora
Suborder: Feliformia
Family: Felidae
Subfamily: Pantherinae
P. leo♂ × P. tigris♀
The history of lion-tiger hybrids dates to at least the early 19th century in India. In 1798, Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (1772–1844) made a colour plate of the offspring of a lion and a tiger. The portmanteau "liger" was coined by the 1930s.[4]
In 1825, G. B. Whittaker made an engraving of liger cubs born in 1824.[3] The parents and their three liger offspring are also depicted with their trainer in a 19th-century painting in the naïve style.
Two liger cubs born in 1837 were exhibited to King William IV and to his successor Queen Victoria. On 14 December 1900 and on 31 May 1901, Carl Hagenbeck wrote to zoologist James Cossar Ewart with details and photographs of ligers born at the Hagenbeck's Tierpark in Hamburg in 1897.
In Animal Life and the World of Nature (1902–1903), A.H. Bryden described Hagenbeck's "lion-tiger" hybrids:
It has remained for one of the most enterprising collectors and naturalists of our time, Mr. Carl Hagenbeck, not only to breed but to bring successfully to a healthy maturity, specimens of this rare alliance between those two great and formidable Felidae, the lion and tiger. The illustrations will indicate sufficiently how fortunate Mr. Hagenbeck has been in his efforts to produce these hybrids. The oldest and biggest of the animals shown is a hybrid born on the 11th May 1897. This fine beast, now more than five years old, equals and even excels in his proportions a well-grown lion, measuring as he does from nose tip to tail 10 ft 2 inches in length, and standing only three inches less than 4 ft at the shoulder. A good big lion will weigh about 400 lb [...] the hybrid in question, weighing as it does no less than 467 lb, is certainly the superior of the most well-grown lions, whether wild-bred or born in a menagerie. This animal shows faint striping and mottling, and, in its characteristics, exhibits strong traces of both its parents. It has a somewhat lion-like head, and the tail is more like that of a lion than of a tiger. On the other hand, it has no trace of mane. It is a huge and very powerful beast.[5]
In 1935, four ligers from two litters were reared in the Zoological Gardens of Bloemfontein, South Africa. Three of them, a male and two females, were still living in 1953. The male weighed 340 kg (750 lb) and stood a foot and a half (45 cm) taller than a full grown male lion at the shoulder.
Although ligers are more commonly found than tigons today, in At Home In The Zoo (1961), Gerald Iles wrote "For the record I must say that I have never seen a liger, a hybrid obtained by crossing a lion with a tigress. They seem to be even rarer than tigons."[6]
Size and growth
The liger is often believed to represent the largest known cat in the world.[1] Males reach a total length of 3 to 3.6 m (9.8 to 11.8 ft),[7][8] which means that they rival even large male lions and tigers in length.[9] Imprinted genes may be a factor contributing to the large size of ligers.[10] These are genes that may or may not be expressed on the parent they are inherited from, and that occasionally play a role in issues of hybrid growth. For example, in some dog breed crosses, genes that are expressed only when maternally-inherited cause the young to grow larger than is typical for either parent breed. This growth is not seen in the paternal breeds, as such genes are normally "counteracted" by genes inherited from the female of the appropriate breed.[11]
Other big cat hybrids can reach similar sizes; the litigon, a rare hybrid of a male lion and a female tigon, is roughly the same size as the liger, with a male named Cubanacan (at the Alipore Zoo in India) reaching 363 kg (800 lb).[12] The extreme rarity of these second-generation hybrids may make it difficult to ascertain whether they are larger or smaller, on average than the liger.
It is wrongly believed that ligers continue to grow throughout their lives due to hormonal issues.[citation needed] It may be that they simply grow far more during their growing years and take longer to reach their full adult size. Further growth in shoulder height and body length is not seen in ligers over 6 years old, as in both lions and tigers. Male ligers also have the same levels of testosterone on average as an adult male lion, yet are azoospermic in accordance with Haldane's rule. In addition, female ligers may also attain great size, weighing approximately 320 kg (705 lb) and reaching 3.05 m (10 ft) long on average, and are often fertile. In contrast, pumapards (hybrids between pumas and leopards) tend to exhibit dwarfism.
Ligers are about the same size as the prehistoric Smilodon populator and American lion.
Hercules the liger and his trainer Bhagavan Antle
Hercules, the largest non-obese liger, is recognised by the Guinness Book of World Records as the largest living cat on Earth, weighing 418.2 kg (922 lb).[13][14] Hercules was featured on the Today Show, Good Morning America, Anderson Cooper 360, Inside Edition, and in a Maxim article in 2005, when he was only three years old and already weighed 408.25 kg (900 lb).
Valley of the Kings animal sanctuary in Wisconsin had a male liger named Nook who weighed over 550 kg (1,213 lb).[2][15]
To compare, the records for the lion and tiger in captivity are under 1,100 pounds (500 kg).[16][17]
Shasta, a ligress (female liger) was born at the Hogle Zoo in Salt Lake City on 14 May 1948 and died in 1972 at age 24.[18] Nook died in 2007, at 21 years old.[2][15] Hobbs, a male liger at the Sierra Safari Zoo in Reno, Nevada, lived to almost 15 years of age before succumbing to liver failure and weighed in at 450 kg (992 lb).[19] This liger was born in 1943 and died in 1960. South Africa still has two ligers at its one zoo at Bloemfontein.[20]
The fertility of hybrid big cat females is well documented across a number of different hybrids. This is in accordance with Haldane's rule: in hybrids of animals whose sex is determined by sex chromosomes, if one sex is absent, rare or sterile, it is the heterogametic sex (the one with two different sex chromosomes e.g. X and Y).[clarification needed]
According to Wild Cats of the World (1975) by C. A. W. Guggisberg, ligers and tigons were long thought to be sterile; however, in 1943, a fifteen-year-old hybrid between a lion and an 'Island' tiger was successfully mated with a lion at the Munich Hellabrunn Zoo. The female cub, though of delicate health, was raised to adulthood.[21]
In September 2012, the Russian Novosibirsk Zoo announced the birth of a "liliger", which is the offspring of a liger mother and a lion father. The cub was named Kiara.[22]
Colour plate of the offspring of a lion and tiger, Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire
Ligers have a tiger-like striped pattern that is very faint upon a lionesque tawny background. In addition, they may inherit rosettes from the lion parent (lion cubs are rosetted and some adults retain faint markings). These markings may be black, dark brown or sandy. The background colour may be correspondingly tawny, sandy or golden. In common with tigers, their underparts are pale. The actual pattern and colour depend on which subspecies the parents were and on how the genes interact in the offspring.
White tigers have been crossed with lions to produce "white" (actually pale golden) ligers. In theory, white tigers could be crossed with white lions to produce white, very pale or even stripeless ligers. There are no black ligers. Very few melanistic tigers have ever been recorded, most being due to excessive markings (pseudo-melanism or abundism) rather than true melanism; no reports of black lions have ever been substantiated. As blue or Maltese tigers probably no longer exist, grey or blue ligers are exceedingly improbable. It is not impossible for a liger to be white, but it is very rare.
Zoo policies
Keeping the two species separate has been standard procedure.[citation needed] However, ligers have occurred and do occur by accident in captivity. Several AZA zoos are reported to have ligers.[citation needed] The USA holds the greatest population of around 30 ligers. China holds about 20 ligers. There are a few countries worldwide that hold a few, but probably less than 100 exists worldwide. [23]
Co-occurrence of parental species
As with the tigon, the liger exists only in captivity. Historically, the Asiatic lion and Bengal tiger co-occurred in some Asian countries, and there are legends of male lions mating with tigresses in the wilderness, or of ligers existing there.[3]
The Caspian tiger co-occurred with the lion in places like northern Iran and eastern Anatolia (Turkey).[24]
Felid hybrid
Leopon
Heterosis
List of portmanteaus
Panthera hybrid
^ a b c "Liger cubs nursed by dog in China's Xixiakou Zoo". BBC News Asia-Pacific. 24 May 2011. Retrieved 25 May 2011.
^ a b c d ligerfacts.org. "The Liger - Meet the World's Largest Cat". Retrieved 17 July 2016.
^ a b c Ligers messybeast.com Retrieved 4 September 2012.
^ "When the sire is a lion the result is termed a Liger, whilst the converse is a Tigon." Edward George Boulenger, World Natural History, B. T. Batsford ltd., 1937, p. 40.
^ Bryden, A.H. (contributor). "Animal Life and the World of Nature" (1902–1903, bound partwork).
^ Iles, G. At Home In The Zoo (1961).
^ Description of ligers at Bestiarium.kryptozoologie.net
^ Description of ligers at Lairweb.org.nz
^ Vratislav Mazák: Der Tiger. Westarp Wissenschaften; Auflage: 5 (April 2004), unveränd. Aufl. von 1983 ISBN 3-89432-759-6
^ "Growth dysplasia in hybrid big cats". Retrieved 23 June 2006.
^ Howard Hughes Medical Institute (30 April 2000). "HHMI News: Gene Tug-of-War Leads to Distinct Species". Retrieved 23 June 2006.
^ "Tigon". messybeast.com. Retrieved 21 July 2010.
^ Largest living cat
^ "Hercules, 922-Pound Liger, Is The World's Largest Living Cat (PHOTOS)". The Huffington Post. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
^ a b "Liger Nook - Liger Profile". Liger World. Retrieved 23 April 2018.
^ Wood, G. L. (1983). The Guinness Book of Animal Facts and Feats. Sterling Publishing. ISBN 978-0-85112-235-9.
^ "The Nineteenth Century and After". 130. Leonard Scott Publishing Company. 1941. Retrieved 17 March 2018.
^ Twila Van Leer (21 January 1996). "BABY LIGER BROUGHT NEW LIFE TO STRUGGLING ZOO". Deseret News. Retrieved 1 February 2015.
^ Largest cat hybrid
^ "Liger: Recorded Ages of the Ligers". Ligerworld.com. Retrieved 10 December 2013.
^ Guggisberg, C. A. W. "Wild Cats of the World." (1975).
^ Katia Andreassi (21 September 2012). ""Liliger" Born in Russia No Boon for Big Cats". National Geographic.
^ "The confusing world of the Liger". wildlifewaystation.org. Retrieved 28 February 2019.
^ Heptner, V. G.; Sludskij, A. A. (1992) [1972]. Mlekopitajuščie Sovetskogo Soiuza. Moskva: Vysšaia Škola [Mammals of the Soviet Union. Volume II, Part 2. Carnivora (Hyaenas and Cats)]. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution and the National Science Foundation. pp. 82–202.
This article incorporates text from messybeast.com, which is released under the GFDL.
Peters, G. "Comparative Investigation of Vocalisation in Several Felids" published in German in Spixiana-Supplement, 1978; (1): 1–206.
Courtney, N. The Tiger, Symbol of Freedom. Quartet Books, London, 1980.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram: The Theater | Theatrical Calendar
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List of Twin Peaks characters
(Redirected from List of characters in Twin Peaks)
The following is a list of characters from the television series Twin Peaks, the film Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me, and the 2017 revival.
Dale Cooper FBI Special Agent, investigating the murder of Laura Palmer. Kyle MacLachlan
Albert Rosenfield Forensics specialist, assisting Cooper in the investigation of Laura Palmer's murder. Miguel Ferrer
Gordon Cole FBI Regional Bureau Chief, supervising Cooper's investigation. 25 years later he has been promoted to Deputy Director. David Lynch
Roger Hardy FBI Special Agent, working for Internal Affairs. Clarence Williams III
Denise Bryson DEA agent, investigating drug allegations against Cooper. 25 years later she has become the FBI Chief of Staff. David Duchovny
Chester Desmond FBI Special Agent, investigating the murder of Teresa Banks. Chris Isaak
Sam Stanley Forensics specialist, assisting Desmond in the investigation of Teresa Banks' murder. Kiefer Sutherland
Phillip Jeffries FBI Special Agent who disappeared mysteriously in 1987. David Bowie
Tamara Preston FBI Special Agent, investigating Cooper's mysterious reappearance. Chrysta Bell
Diane Evans Agent Cooper's secretary. 25 years later she assists Gordon and Albert in Cooper's reappearance. Laura Dern
Twin Peaks Sheriff's Department
Harry S. Truman Sheriff of Twin Peaks, assists Cooper in the Laura Palmer murder investigation. Member of the Bookhouse Boys. Michael Ontkean
Tommy "Hawk" Hill Deputy Chief, expert in Native American mysticism. Member of the Bookhouse Boys. Michael Horse
Andy Brennan Sheriff's Deputy, romantically involved with Lucy. Member of the Bookhouse Boys. Harry Goaz
Lucy Brennan Receptionist, romantically involved with Andy. 25 years later the two are married with a son, Wally Brando. Kimmy Robertson
Frank Truman Harry's brother. 25 years later he has taken over as sheriff after Harry falls ill. Robert Forster
Chad Broxford Sheriff's Deputy. He is corrupt, with connections to Twin Peaks's criminal underworld. John Pirruccello
Jesse Holcomb Sheriff's Deputy. James Grixoni
Maggie Brown Dispatcher. Jodee Thelen
Palmer family
Laura Palmer Murder victim and the center of the story, linked to almost everyone in Twin Peaks Sheryl Lee
Leland Palmer Laura's father, vessel for BOB, lawyer by profession and counsel for Ben Horne and the Great Northern Lodge. Ray Wise
Sarah Palmer Laura's mother Grace Zabriskie
Maddy Ferguson Laura's nearly identical cousin Sheryl Lee
Hayward family
Doctor William Hayward local practitioner in Twin Peaks, assists on the autopsy of Laura Palmer Warren Frost
Eileen Hayward Doctor Hayward's wheelchair-bound wife Mary Jo Deschanel
Donna Hayward Laura's best friend, lover of James Hurley Lara Flynn Boyle/Moira Kelly[1]
Harriet Hayward Donna's younger sister Jessica Wallenfels
Gersten Hayward Donna's youngest sister, a gifted pianist, involved with Steven Burnett Alicia Witt
Horne family
Ben Horne Wealthy businessman, owns Great Northern Hotel, Horne's Department Store and a brothel on the Canada–US border Richard Beymer
Jerry Horne Ben's playboy brother and business partner David Patrick Kelly
Sylvia Horne Ben's constantly angry wife Jan D'Arcy
Audrey Horne Ben's sultry teenage daughter Sherilyn Fenn
Charlie Husband of Audrey. Clark Middleton
Richard Horne A violent, ill-tempered man who engages in seedy criminality. Son of Audrey. Eamon Farren
Johnny Horne Ben's mentally handicapped son, tutored by Laura Robert Davenport
Robert Bauer
Erik Rondell[2]
Packard/Martell family
Josie Packard Widowed sawmill owner with a dark past, lover of Sheriff Truman, tutored by Laura Joan Chen
Andrew Packard Late owner of the Packard Sawmill and husband of Josie Dan O'Herlihy
Catherine Martell Sister of Andrew, schemes with secret lover Ben Horne to burn down the sawmill Piper Laurie
Pete Martell Long-suffering husband of Catherine, fishing and chess enthusiast, found Laura's body Jack Nance
Briggs family
Major Garland Briggs Intelligent and gifted Air Force officer involved in Project Blue Book, monitoring of deep-space and the woods surrounding Twin Peaks Don S. Davis
Betty Briggs Garland's wife and Bobby's mother. Charlotte Stewart
Bobby Briggs The boyfriend of Laura Palmer and an initial suspect in her murder. 25 years later he has become a sheriff's deputy and has married Shelly. Dana Ashbrook
The Burnetts
Rebecca "Becky" Burnett Daughter of Shelly and Bobby (Briggs), wife of Steven. Amanda Seyfried
Steven Burnett Drug-addicted husband of Becky. Caleb Landry Jones
Hurley/Jennings triangle
Big Ed Hurley Owner of Big Ed's Gas Farm, secret lover of Norma Jennings Everett McGill
Nadine Hurley Ed's one-eyed, super-strong, curtain drape-obsessed wife Wendy Robie
James Hurley Ed's nephew, secret lover of Laura Palmer, later lover of Donna Hayward James Marshall
Norma Jennings Double-R Diner owner, lover of Big Ed Hurley, organizer of Meals on Wheels with Laura Peggy Lipton
Hank Jennings Norma's husband, convicted criminal on parole, conspirator with Josie Packard Chris Mulkey
Vivian Smythe Niles Mother of Norma and Annie, secretly a food critic Jane Greer
Annie Blackburn Younger sister of Norma, an ex-nun with a troubled past Heather Graham
The Johnsons
Leo Johnson Wife-abusing trucker and drug-runner, had a sexual relationship with Laura Palmer Eric Da Re
Shelly Johnson Abused young wife of Leo, waitress at Norma's diner, secret lover of Bobby Briggs, whom she later marries. Mädchen Amick
One Eyed Jack's/Renault family
Jacques Renault Canadian croupier, drug-runner, and bartender at the Roadhouse. Had sexual relationship with Laura Palmer Walter Olkewicz
Bernard Renault Youngest Renault brother, mules drugs over the border Clay Wilcox
Jean Renault Oldest and most dangerous Renault brother, veteran criminal, insurance agent. Michael Parks
Jean-Michel Renault Bartender at the Roadhouse. Walter Olkewicz
Blackie O'Reilly Madam of One Eyed Jacks Victoria Catlin
Nancy O'Reilly Blackie's sister, lover of Jean Renault Galyn Görg
The Paiges
Beverly Paige Employee of the Great Northern hotel. Wife of Tom. Ashley Judd
Tom Paige Beverly's cancer-afflicted husband. Hugh Dillon
Other locals
Ronette Pulaski former employee of Horne's Department Store and One Eyed Jacks, was with Laura the night she died Phoebe Augustine
Dr. Lawrence Jacoby Eccentric former psychiatrist of Laura turned political podcaster. Obsessed with Hawaii Russ Tamblyn
Mike Nelson Bobby's best friend, high school wrestling champ, ex-boyfriend of Donna. Gary Hershberger
Doris Truman Sheriff Frank Truman's wife Candy Clark
Margaret Lanterman
a.k.a. "The Log Lady") Mystic, widow who divines through a log she carries with her everywhere Catherine E. Coulson
Harold Smith Agoraphobic horticulturist, Laura's Meals on Wheels friend Lenny Von Dohlen
Emory Battis Store manager of Horne's Department Store, recruits girls from the perfume counter to work at One Eyed Jack's Don Amendolia
Dick Tremayne Pretentious employee of Men's Department at Horne's, ex-lover of Lucy Ian Buchanan
The Elderly Room Service Waiter Elderly bellhop at the Great Northern with a link to the Lodges and the Giant in particular. Nicknamed Señor Droolcup by Albert Rosenfield. Hank Worden
Roadhouse Singer Angelic singer at the Roadhouse, known for her dreamlike voice Julee Cruise
Mayor Dwayne Milford Long-time mayor of Twin Peaks, has an ongoing feud with his brother Dougie John Boylan
Dougie Milford Publisher of the Twin Peaks Gazette, known to marry often Tony Jay
Lana Budding Milford Seductive fiancée of Dwayne, and widow of Dougie, known to charm almost any man around her Robyn Lively
Cappy Member of the Bookhouse Boys. Ron Kirk
Carl Rodd Manager at the Fat Trout Trailer Park Harry Dean Stanton
Ella Drug-addicted woman with a massive rash under her left arm. Sky Ferreira
Selena Swift A popular actress known for her dual roles as Jade and Emerald in Invitation to Love Erika Anderson
Evelyn Marsh Rich woman James Hurley runs into, who is beaten by her husband Annette McCarthy
Malcolm Sloan A man pretending to be Evelyn's brother. Nicholas Love
Thomas Eckhardt Former business partner of Andrew Packard, obsessively in love with Josie Packard David Warner
Jones Thomas Eckhardt's assistant Brenda Strong
Teresa Banks First victim, found almost exactly one year before the murder of Laura Palmer Pamela Gidley
Windom Earle Psychotic but brilliant ex-partner of Cooper, desires the powers of the Lodges Kenneth Welsh
John Justice Wheeler Friend of Ben Horne and later falls in love with Audrey Horne Billy Zane
Judy Swain Foster care aid for orphan child Molly Shannon
Red A drug dealer who operates in Twin Peaks, boyfriend of Shelly. Balthazar Getty
Lodge inhabitants and other supernatural beings
The Man from Another Place/The Arm Enigmatic dwarf, inhabitant of the Red Room. Michael J. Anderson
MIKE Spirit, former associate and now opponent of BOB, inhabits shoe salesman Phillip Gerard, "The One-Armed Man" Al Strobel
BOB Malevolent spirit, haunts the woods and inhabits humans, killer of Laura. Frank Silva
The Fireman A supernatural giant who appears at key moments and provides Cooper with cryptic clues. Carel Struycken
Mr. C Cooper's Doppelgänger who escaped the lodge 25 years ago. He wears his hair longer than Cooper. Kyle MacLachlan
Mrs. Tremond/Chalfont Link to the Lodges and intentions unclear Frances Bay
Pierre Tremond/Chalfont Mrs. Tremond/Chalfont's grandson, link to the Lodges and intentions unclear Austin Jack Lynch/Jonathan J. Leppell[3]
The Jumping Man A supernatural being wearing a mask who was present at the convenience store meeting of the spirits. Carlton Lee Russell
Woodsmen Mysterious beings associated with the Black Lodge who take the form of disheveled bearded men. Jürgen Prochnow
David Brisbin
Robert Broski
Jones family and associates
Douglas "Dougie" Jones A tulpa created by Cooper's doppelganger to avoid going back to the Black Lodge, apparently heavily indebted to someone. Kyle MacLachlan
Janey-E Jones Dougie's no-nonsense, tough-as-nails wife. Naomi Watts
Sonny Jim Jones Dougie's son. Pierce Gagnon
Bushnell Mullins Dougie's boss at Lucky 7 Insurance Don Murray
Anthony Sinclair Dougie's co-worker at Lucky 7 Insurance, works for Duncan Todd on the side. Tom Sizemore
Jade A sex worker who has Dougie Jones as a client. Nafessa Williams
Bradley Mitchum Co-owner of the Silver Mustang casino, brother of Rodney. Jim Belushi
Rodney Mitchum Co-owner of the Silver Mustang casino, brother of Bradley, seemingly works as his muscle. Robert Knepper
Candie An apparently cognitively impaired woman who works for the Mitchums. Amy Shiels
Duncan Todd Casino owner and rival of the Mitchums. Works for Cooper's Doppelganger. Patrick Fischler
Roger An employee of Duncan Todd Joe Adler
Ike "the Spike" Stadtler A dwarf hitman hired by Duncan Todd. Christophe Zajac-Denek
Drugged-out Mother An addict who repeatedly shouts out "1-1-9" Hailey Gates
Sam Colby Paid by a millionaire to watch a mysterious glass box. Benjamin Rosenfield
Tracy Barberato Girlfriend of Sam. Madeline Zima
Ruth Davenport Librarian whose severed head was found in her apartment, was having an affair with William Hastings Mary Stofle
William Hastings School principal, main suspect in the Ruth Davenport case, was having an affair with her. Matthew Lillard
Phyllis Hastings William's duplicitous wife, who is having an affair with his lawyer. Cornelia Guest
Don Harrison Head Detective on the Ruth Davenport case. Bailey Chase
Dave Macklay Detective on the Ruth Davenport case. Brent Briscoe
Constance Talbot Crime Scene Investigator in the Ruth Davenport case. Jane Adams
Mike Boyd Buckhorn Chief of Police Dep Kirkland
ConceptsEdit
Creation of BOBEdit
Main article: Killer Bob
Frank Silva was a set decorator who worked on the pilot episode. One day, when he was moving furniture in Laura Palmer's bedroom, a woman warned Silva not to get locked in the room. The image of Silva trapped in the room sparked something in Lynch, who then asked Silva if he was an actor. Silva said yes, and Lynch told him that he had a role in mind for him on the series. Silva accepted, and Lynch shot footage of him behind Laura's bed with no real idea of what he would do with it.
Silva's reflection was accidentally caught in the footage of Sarah Palmer's frightening vision at the end of the pilot. Sarah sees a hand uncovering Laura's heart necklace from the ground, and Silva can be seen in the mirror behind her head. Lynch was made aware of this accident and decided to keep Silva in the scene.
Laura PalmerEdit
Main article: Laura Palmer
To save on money, Lynch intended to cast a local girl from Seattle "just to play a dead girl".[4] The local girl ended up being Sheryl Lee. "But no one — not Mark, me, anyone — had any idea that she could act, or that she was going to be so powerful just being dead."[4] Indeed, the image of Lee wrapped in plastic became one of the show's most enduring and memorable images. When Lynch shot the home movie that James takes of Donna and Laura, he realized that Lee had something special. "She did do another scene — the video with Donna on the picnic — and it was that scene that did it."[4] As a result, Sheryl Lee became a semi-regular addition to the cast, appearing in flashbacks as Laura, and becoming a recurring character—Maddy, Laura's cousin who also becomes another victim of BOB.
MIKE, the One-Armed ManEdit
Main article: MIKE
MIKE made his appearance in the pilot episode which was only originally intended to be a "kind of homage to The Fugitive. The only thing he was gonna do was be in this elevator and walk out."[4] However, when Lynch wrote the "fire walk with me" speech, he imagined MIKE saying it in the basement of the Twin Peaks hospital – a scene that would appear in an alternative version of the pilot episode, and surface later in Agent Cooper's dream sequence. MIKE's full name, Phillip Michael Gerard, is also a reference to Lieutenant Phillip Gerard, a character in The Fugitive.
The Man from Another PlaceEdit
Main article: The Man from Another Place
Lynch met Michael J. Anderson in 1987. After seeing him in a short film, Lynch wanted to cast the actor in the title role in Ronnie Rocket, but the project ultimately fell through. While editing the alternate ending of the foreign version of the pilot episode, an idea occurred to Lynch on his way home one day: "I was leaning against a car — the front of me was leaning against this very warm car. My hands were on the roof and the metal was very hot. The Red Room scene leapt into my mind. 'Little Mike' was there, and he was speaking backwards... For the rest of the night I thought only about The Red Room."[4]
FBI / DEAEdit
Special Agent Dale CooperEdit
Main article: Dale Cooper
Special Agent Dale Cooper, played by Kyle MacLachlan, is the protagonist of the series. Cooper is an FBI agent who arrives in Twin Peaks in 1989 to investigate the brutal murder of popular high-school student Laura Palmer. He falls in love with the town and gains a great deal of acceptance within the tightly knit community. Cooper displays an array of quirky, sometimes almost childlike mannerisms, such as giving a "thumbs up" when satisfied, sage-like sayings (often inspired by his fascination with Tibet), and a distinctive sense of humor, along with his love for cherry pie and "a damn fine cup of coffee." One of his most popular habits is recording messages containing everyday observations and abstract thoughts on his current case to a mysterious woman called "Diane" (revealed to be his secretary at the Bureau in the 1991 tie-in book The Autobiography of F.B.I. Special Agent Dale Cooper: My Life, My Tapes) into a microcassette recorder he carries with him. His investigative techniques go far beyond the FBI's usual ones, including intuitive exercises and analysis of his dreams. He becomes deeply involved with the inhabitants of Twin Peaks, and remains in town after the resolution of the Laura Palmer case, especially once his nemesis and former partner Windom Earle starts menacing the town in order to exploit its supernatural properties.
Albert RosenfieldEdit
Albert Rosenfield, played by Miguel Ferrer, is a talented forensic analyst Dale Cooper calls in to assist on the Laura Palmer case. He is also an original member of the Blue Rose Task Force and by 2014, is the only member who has not disappeared under mysterious circumstances. Rosenfield's abrasive and mocking personality alienates the Twin Peaks sheriff's department relatively quickly; he compares Andy to a dog and repeatedly insults Sheriff Harry S. Truman to the point where Truman punches him. He also fights with Doc Hayward and harshly disparages the local police and medical facilities, showing respect only to his FBI colleagues, at least at first. He warms up to the townsfolk as the series progresses, going so far as to hug Truman when returning to the town to help with their hunt for Windom Earle, but does not lose his sharp and sardonic manner.
A later appearance, and another conflict with Truman, lead to an emotional moment where Rosenfield exposes a pacifist nature seemingly at odds with his acerbic surface persona, to the sheriff's shock.
Albert has a minor role in Twin Peaks: Fire Walk With Me, appearing in the FBI offices with Gordon Cole during the reappearance of Phillip Jeffries.
He also appears briefly in The Autobiography of F.B.I. Special Agent Dale Cooper: My Life, My Tapes, under the entry recorded on February 4, 1977. It is implied that this is Dale Cooper's and his first meeting. This makes Albert 21 when the two first meet, according to the My Life, My Tapes canon.
After Cooper's Doppelgänger is arrested in South Dakota in 2014, Albert investigates his apparent reappearance, alongside Gordon Cole and Tamara Preston. He later discloses to Cole that he was apparently contacted by Jeffries, which resulted in the death of an agent stationed in Colombia. Albert, along with Cole, also convinces Diane Evans, Cooper's former secretary, to speak to the doppelgänger, after which Diane confirms the incarcerated man is not the real Cooper.
Albert later takes part in the investigation of an apparent double homicide, also in South Dakota, after a headless corpse bearing Garland Briggs's fingerprints is found with the severed head of high-school librarian Ruth Davenport. During the investigation, Albert begins to form a relationship with Constance Talbot, the local police department's coroner.
Chester DesmondEdit
Chester Desmond, played by Chris Isaak, is a taciturn Special Agent with the FBI who is called out by his boss, Regional Bureau Chief Gordon Cole, to investigate the murder of a 17-year-old girl named Teresa Banks, who was found wrapped in plastic. Desmond is introduced to his new partner, Special Agent Sam Stanley, and receives coded clues in the form of Lil the Dancer. Desmond and Stanley then begin their investigation by driving to a rural town called Deer Meadow.
A few days into the investigation, Desmond mysteriously disappears after picking up a ring later seen to be owned by the Man from Another Place. His disappearance is reported to Regional Bureau Chief Gordon Cole, who then dispatches Special Agent Dale Cooper to pick up where Desmond left off. Desmond's disappearance is never explained, although Cooper discovers that Desmond's car has been vandalized with the words "LET'S ROCK," the same words spoken by the Man from Another Place when he introduces himself, implying that he was taken to the Black Lodge.
Desmond is briefly mentioned in the 2017 series, where he is revealed to have been one of the original members of the Blue Rose Task Force, alongside Cooper, Phillip Jeffries, and Albert Rosenfield.
FBI Special Agent Sam StanleyEdit
FBI Special Agent Sam Stanley, played by Kiefer Sutherland, assists Special Agent Desmond in the investigation of the murder of Teresa Banks. Gordon Cole mentions that he cracked the Whitman case. He is portrayed as being somewhat stiff and inflexible, in contrast to the laid-back demeanor of Desmond; at one point Desmond manages to make Stanley spill coffee on himself when he asks what time it is (noticing that Stanley is holding his cup with his watch hand).
Stanley was mentioned in the series pilot, during the scene in which Agent Cooper is examining Laura Palmer's body. He speaks into his dictaphone: "Give this to Albert and his team; don't go to Sam; Albert seems to have a little more on the ball."
Phillip JeffriesEdit
Main article: Phillip Jeffries
In Twin Peaks: Fire Walk With Me, Phillip Jeffries, played by David Bowie, suddenly exits an elevator in the Philadelphia FBI office, two years after his disappearance. He hurries to the office of his former superior, Regional Bureau Chief Gordon Cole and starts raving in a loud and disturbed manner, referring at one stage to Special Agent Cooper and yelling “Who do you think this is, there?”
Jeffries goes on to narrate where he has been since his disappearance. He mentions names and incidents that are unfamiliar to those listening. His words are illustrated by the intrusion of a ghost transmission showing a small group of characters, including The Man From Another Place and BOB, in a series of strange rooms.
He disappears into thin air once again after announcing “I found something... and then there they were!”
Jeffries is frequently mentioned in the 2017 series, which reveals that he was the original leader of the Blue Rose Task Force and was involved in the first Blue Rose case, alongside Cole. An unseen individual identifying as him assigns Ray Monroe to kill Cooper's doppelgänger. Albert Rosenfield also informs Cole that he was contacted by an individual claiming to be Jeffries, which led to the killing of an agent stationed in Colombia. Cole later re-experiences Jeffries' sudden reappearance in a dream and remembers Jeffries' comment about Cooper, implying that Cooper may have been an imposter.
With the death of Bowie, Jeffries is depicted as a grey orb right by a giant steaming kettle in a room above the convenience store. Cooper's doppelganger approached it, after receiving info on his whereabouts from Ray Monroe. Dale Cooper later encounters Jeffries to access 1989 to rescue Laura Palmer in Part 17.
Gordon ColeEdit
Gordon Cole (played by David Lynch, and also named for a minor character in Sunset Boulevard[5]) is a Regional Bureau Chief in the FBI and Agent Cooper's immediate superior. He is very hard of hearing (wearing large hearing aids) and thus speaks very loudly. He often misunderstands what is said to him and replies with comically inappropriate responses. Cole's coded messages sometimes baffle even his closest colleagues. In the first episode in which he appears, he says, “Cooper, you remind me today of a small Mexican chihuahua” (which he pronounces "chee-WOW-wow"). The conversation continues as normal, with the issue remaining unsolved.
While in Twin Peaks, Cooper and Cole go to the Double R Diner where he is smitten by waitress Shelly Johnson, whom he claims he can hear perfectly well, although it is implied he is merely flirting with Shelly. Shelly, being ignored by her boyfriend Bobby Briggs at the time, is shocked yet pleased by his attention, and upon his imminent departure they share a kiss, to the chagrin of Bobby, who happens to show up at that moment.
At the beginning of Fire Walk With Me, Cole briefs agents Chester Desmond and Sam Stanley on their assignment to investigate the murder of Teresa Banks. Cole uses a coded language, in the attire and gestures of Lil the Dancer, to inform the agents of what to expect in their investigation. Cole describes the Teresa Banks murder case as one of his “blue rose” cases. The 2017 series reveals that "blue rose" refers to the Blue Rose Task Force, which investigates cases, particularly those involving apparent doppelgängers, that cannot be explained by rational means. Cole and Phillip Jeffries investigated the first "blue rose" case, where a woman was killed by another woman who looked exactly like her, and uttered the phrase before her body disappeared.
By 2014, Cole has become the FBI Deputy Director, and obtains improved hearing aids, resulting in fewer instances of him misunderstanding others. When at their maximum volume, Cole is able to speak quietly and hold private conversations, although he only occasionally raises the volume of the hearing aids as loud noises hurt his ears. After Cooper's doppelgänger is arrested in South Dakota, Cole leads the investigation alongside Albert Rosenfield and Tamara Preston. The three agents later take part in another case in South Dakota when a headless corpse found in the area is found to have Garland Briggs's fingerprints.
Denise BrysonEdit
Denise Bryson, formerly Dennis Bryson, played by David Duchovny, is a transgender DEA agent. Bryson began wearing women's clothing during a DEA undercover operation and found that it relaxed her. Bryson changed her name to Denise for the purpose of the operation, and retained it afterwards, finding it comfortable.
Bryson comes to Twin Peaks when Dale Cooper is accused by the Mounties and the FBI of misfeasance for his handling of the rescue of Audrey Horne from One Eyed Jacks and the alleged theft of cocaine from an RCMP stakeout. Cooper quickly determines that the "Mountie" accusing him is himself involved in drug dealing with Jean Renault and Hank Jennings. This leads to the standoff at Dead Dog Farm, in which Bryson's "feminine side" allows her to effect the rescue of Agent Cooper.
25 years later, Bryson leaves the DEA and becomes the FBI Chief of Staff. It is implied that her presence in the agency made other agents uncomfortable, but they were berated by Gordon Cole, something Bryson remains grateful to Cole for. She also comes to fully embrace her female identity. Following the arrest of Cooper's doppelgänger, Bryson approves Gordon Cole's investigation into the matter, although she questions Cole bringing along Tamara Preston.
Tamara "Tammy" PrestonEdit
Tamara Preston, also known by her nickname Tammy, is an FBI agent introduced in the novel The Secret History of Twin Peaks, in which Gordon Cole assigns her to investigate a dossier recovered from Major Garland Briggs. She makes her first physical appearance in the 2017 series, played by Chrysta Bell. Preston joins Cole and Albert Rosenfield into their investigation of Dale Cooper's apparent reappearance after his doppelgänger is arrested in South Dakota. During the investigation, she discovers that one of the doppelgänger's fingerprints is a reverse of the real Cooper's print. Afterward, Preston takes part in investigating an apparent double homicide in South Dakota where the severed head of librarian Ruth Davenport is found with a headless body bearing Garland Briggs's fingerprints, and interrogates murder suspect William Hastings.
In addition to the South Dakota cases, Preston leads the FBI's investigation into the deaths of Sam Colby and Tracey Barberato in New York City and finds that Cooper's doppelgänger was spotted at the penthouse where the couple was found dead. Her work earns praise from Cole and Rosenfield, who have her join the Blue Rose Task Force.
Diane EvansEdit
Diane Evans is Dale Cooper's secretary in the FBI. She is featured in the original series as an unseen character, receiving recordings addressed to her from Cooper that he creates during his investigations.
Diane makes her first physical appearance in the 2017 series, played by Laura Dern. She travels to South Dakota at the behest of Gordon Cole to speak to Cooper's doppelgänger after his arrest, and confirms that the doppelgänger is not the real Cooper. Against her wishes, Diane then joins Cole, Albert Rosenfield, and Tamara Preston in investigating a headless body bearing Major Garland Briggs's fingerprints, due to Briggs' connection with Cooper. However, Diane is later shown to be corresponding with the doppelgänger, leaving her true loyalties unclear. Cole and Rosenfield learn of Diane's correspondence, but choose to keep her close, and have her deputized during the investigation.
Ultimately, it is revealed that the Diane participating in the investigation is a tulpa of the real Diane, who was created by the doppelgänger. On the doppelgänger's orders, she attempts to kill the FBI team, but is gunned down by Rosenfield and Preston. Her body promptly disappears after her death and her spirit is destroyed in the Black Lodge. The fate of the real Diane is unknown, although the tulpa says that she was raped by the doppelgänger and taken to the convenience store where supernatural entities converge. The tulpa also says that Diane is the estranged half-sister of Janey-E Jones, who married the decoy Cooper replaces in his return to the natural realm.
The real Diane Evans is revealed to be trapped in the body of Naido in Part 17.
Lil the dancerEdit
Lil the Dancer (Kimberly Ann Cole)
Lil the Dancer (Kimberly Anne Cole) is seen only in the movie Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me. Her movements and clothing are code; this is an FBI method devised by Regional Bureau Chief Gordon Cole to quickly and covertly brief Special Agent Chester Desmond on what to expect during his investigation into the death of Teresa Banks.
Twin Peaks Sheriff's DepartmentEdit
Harry TrumanEdit
Harry S. Truman (played by Michael Ontkean) is Twin Peaks' sheriff, who assists Special Agent Dale Cooper in the investigation of the murder of Laura Palmer. Harry is in love with the fragile Josie Packard, and is also one of the Bookhouse Boys.
Harry and Cooper hit it off almost from the start. Harry is down-to-earth and plain-spoken, which often sharply contrasts with the eccentric Cooper and his unconventional methods of policing, fascination with Tibet, dreams, etc. Harry regards Cooper as somewhat eccentric but well-meaning. In early episodes, Harry serves to introduce Cooper (and hence the viewer) to the more prominent residents of Twin Peaks. Harry states that he begins to feel that he is Dr. Watson to Cooper's Sherlock Holmes. Despite their differences, Truman represents a literary alternate to Cooper: they approach the same goal through different means.
As the case progress, Harry's respect for Cooper (and vice versa) grows and the two become close friends. He regards Cooper as "the finest lawman he has ever known". He vehemently defends Cooper to the FBI when Cooper is suspended for allegedly trafficking drugs across the Canada–US border, and assists him in rescuing Audrey Horne from One-Eyed Jacks.
Harry shares his name with Harry S. Truman, the 33rd President of the United States. A picture of President Truman appears in his office. Additionally, a stuffed and mounted buck's head on his office wall has a placard reading "The Buck Stopped Here" hanging from it, a reference to the famous "The buck stops here" sign President Truman put on his desk.
Harry's passionate love for Josie Packard is such that it blinds him to the fact that she is merely using him, as she has used many other people. When she dies suddenly after murdering Thomas Eckhardt, Harry falls into a deep depression and takes to drinking. He manages to turn himself around when Eckhardt's personal assistant Jones makes an attempt to murder him, which he thwarts.
Following this, Harry resumes being the dedicated partner to Cooper he was before. When Cooper disappears into the Black Lodge Harry tirelessly waits for hours, until his sudden reappearance.
By 2014, Harry is afflicted with an unidentified illness that renders him unable to serve as sheriff. His duties are assumed by his older brother Frank, who comes out of retirement after a prior tenure as Twin Peaks sheriff.
Andy BrennanEdit
Andy Brennan, played by Harry Goaz, is a deputy for the Twin Peaks sheriff's department. Andy is a bit slow, even "dimwitted", and very sensitive, tending to cry at murder scenes. He is also very loyal and trustworthy, prompting a disparaging comparison to a dog by Albert Rosenfield. Andy has been seeing the secretary of the sheriff's department, Lucy Moran. She, however, has grown tired of him, and seeks adventure by seeing Dick Tremayne. Andy is initially jealous of Dick's relationship with his former girlfriend; however the two later bond over Dick's temporary foster son Nicky. Not much is revealed of Andy during the show, except through physical comedy, such as his inadequacy at handling guns and sticky tape. However, Andy improves his gun skills at the range, later shooting Jacques Renault when he tries to go for Sheriff Truman.
Andy recognized that the cave drawing was a map, and he therefore played a big part in FBI agent Dale Cooper's finding his way to the Black Lodge.
In the pilot, he is revealed as a trumpeter, albeit not a very good one. And he has a talent at drawing which is demonstrated when he sketches Bob from Sarah Palmer's vision, and again during the trial of Leland Palmer when he sketches the back of Leland's head.
Following the events of the original series, Andy marries Lucy and they raise their son Wally together. When Deputy Chief Hawk receives an ominous clue from Margaret Lanterman in 2014, he attempts to help Hawk solve the clue, but is unable to do so. Andy later investigates the death of a boy who was killed by Richard Horne in a hit-and-run incident.
Deputy Tommy "Hawk" HillEdit
Deputy Tommy "Hawk" Hill is played by Michael Horse. Born in 1951, he works at the Twin Peaks sheriff's department under Sheriff Harry S. Truman. He is a Native American, but it is not made clear to which nation he belongs, although during a discussion as to whether or not Tommy believes in the soul he references Blackfoot Indian mysticism to Special Agent Dale Cooper. He is usually referred to as "Hawk" because of his excellent tracking skills, which extend beyond animal and human tracks to those of cars and trucks. Hawk is also at one point shown to be a skilled knife-thrower. He is clearly aware of the supernatural presence in the woods of Twin Peaks and also discusses with Cooper his belief in a direct connection to Native American spirituality. He is also the first person to verbally express to the viewers (as well as to Cooper) what the White Lodge and Black Lodge are.
One of the Bookhouse Boys and an all-around dependable guy, he saves the lives of both Truman and Cooper on more than one occasion. He has an unseen girlfriend named Diane Shapiro who is a local veterinarian with a PhD from Brandeis.
Hawk is promoted to Deputy Chief by 2014 and receives an ominous clue from Margaret Lanterman that he is told is connected to his heritage. The clue ultimately leads him to three pages of Laura Palmer's diary that were hidden in a bathroom stall door.
Lucy MoranEdit
Lucy Moran, played by Kimmy Robertson, is a high-voiced, childlike blonde receptionist at the Twin Peaks' sheriff's department. She is seeing deputy sheriff Andy Brennan, until they have an argument. She reveals later that she was also seeing Dick Tremayne, who works at Horne's Department Store, after feeling frustrated with Andy. Lucy gets pregnant, which turns out to be the reason why she and Andy have been fighting. The paternity of the child is called into question when Andy reveals that he cannot be the father of the baby, due to low sperm count. He gets retested and finds out that he in fact could have been the father. This sparks off a competition between Andy and Dick Tremayne, both vying for Lucy's affection and the role of father to her child. This includes adopting "Little Nicky" through the Big Brothers program. After some particularly rude behavior from Dick, Lucy decides not to wait for the baby to be born in order to determine paternity and chooses Andy as the father of her child.
In 1990, Simon & Schuster Audio released a cassette entitled "Diane ...": The Twin Peaks Tapes of Agent Cooper which compiled many of the recorded diary entries of Cooper that had been featured in the first season and the beginning of the second, along with specially recorded entries including several taking place prior to the pilot episode. One of the specially recorded entries takes place the night of Cooper's arrival in Twin Peaks and has Lucy giving Cooper directions to the Great Northern Hotel.
Lucy and Andy ultimately marry and raise their son, Wally. By 2014, she continues to serve as the receptionist of the Twin Peaks sheriff's department and unsuccessfully attempts to help Hawk solve the mystery of the ominous clue he received from Margaret Lanterman.
Frank TrumanEdit
Frank Truman, played by Robert Forster, is Twin Peaks's sheriff in 2014. Formerly retired, he returns to the position after his younger brother Harry is stricken with cancer. He takes part in an investigation into Dale Cooper after Hawk is contacted by Margaret Lanterman.
Frank has a difficult relationship with his wife Doris, who is prone to emotional outbursts and frequently berates him. This behavior began after the death of their son, who committed suicide after serving in the military.
Chad BroxfordEdit
Chad Broxford, played by John Pirruccello, is a deputy in the Twin Peaks sheriff's department. He often makes inappropriate and insensitive comments, mocking Margaret Lanterman and making light of the suicide of Frank Truman's son. He is also shown to be corrupt, having ties with Richard Horne, who bribes him. After Richard kills a boy in a hit-and-run accident, Chad intercepts a letter identifying Richard as the driver. His corruption is eventually uncovered by Sheriff Truman, who has him arrested and his badge taken away.
Palmer familyEdit
Laura Palmer, played by Sheryl Lee, was the town's favorite daughter; she volunteered at Meals on Wheels, was the high school Homecoming queen, and was (apparently) the darling of her parents, Sarah and Leland. But Laura led a deeply troubled double life. She was a cocaine addict, a victim of incest, and a teenage prostitute. It is also revealed that she was manipulative and promiscuous, having had affairs with several men in Twin Peaks and having convinced her high school classmates to get involved in drug trafficking. She had briefly worked at One Eyed Jacks, a casino/brothel just north of the Canada–US border, until she was apparently fired for gratuitous cocaine usage.
The discovery of Laura's body in the pilot episode of Twin Peaks brought Special Agent Dale Cooper to town to investigate her death, and the effects it had on those around her propelled the first season and the first nine episodes of the second season. Laura remained prominent afterward, as her death had exposed many secrets related to her, and also in some cases unrelated, such as the Packard mill conspiracy.
Laura's diary was uncovered in the first episode, but her secret diary was not recovered until much later, and it contained passages suggesting that she had long been the sometimes willing victim of abuse by a malevolent entity named BOB, who wanted to be close to her, or even be her.
Leland PalmerEdit
Main article: Leland Palmer
Leland Palmer, played by Ray Wise, is an attorney whose primary client is local businessman Ben Horne. He is well-known and respected in Twin Peaks. Together with his wife Sarah and his daughter Laura, his family is seemingly perfect. When Laura is murdered, Leland's psychological foundations begin to crumble. He suffers multiple nervous breakdowns and during Laura's funeral flings himself into her grave and must be pulled out. He remains unstable for some time. Later it becomes apparent that Leland has actually been troubled for some time. It is revealed that he is possessed by the evil spirit BOB (who may have been occupying Leland since childhood, when "Bob" was a neighbor of Leland's who often taunted him in passing) and has been influenced to commit multiple crimes (including repeatedly raping and ultimately killing his own daughter). It is never clear to what extent Leland is aware of his evil actions. Leland is caught by Cooper and the police, but after cigarette smoke activates the sprinkler system, the BOB inside him explodes into madness and Leland kills himself by bashing his head repeatedly against his cell's iron door, freeing himself from BOB. Leland says he regrets his actions, and tells Cooper he did not want to harm Laura, but that BOB made him do it. He then apparently "sees" Laura, and apologizes to her, before dying. 25 years after his death, he appears to Cooper in the Black Lodge, asking Cooper to find Laura.
Sarah PalmerEdit
Sarah Palmer, played by Grace Zabriskie, is the mother of Laura Palmer and the wife of Leland Palmer. Laura is found murdered in the pilot episode of Twin Peaks. Sarah's husband Leland becomes unstable since the murder, and Sarah doesn't know what's going on. When Leland falls onto Laura's coffin at the funeral, Sarah tells him "Don't ruin this, too!" During the second season it is revealed that Leland killed Laura under the influence of evil spirit BOB. It is implied in the series, and confirmed in the prequel film, that Leland/BOB had been drugging Sarah in order to sexually abuse Laura.
Sarah, a chain-smoker who gradually develops a complete nervous breakdown over the violent deaths and other bizarre events in her family, is shown to have some paranormal powers, and she is known for (on some occasions) predicting the future or seeing people (Bob) no one else sees. In the Pilot, she has a vision of the other half of Laura's necklace (buried by James Hurley) being dug up and in a later episode sees BOB at the foot of Laura's bed. Prior to Maddy's murder, Sarah has a vision of a white horse in her living room. Twin Peaks: Fire Walk With Me reveals that she had a similar vision just before Laura's murder. Windom Earle later speaks to Garland Briggs through Sarah, telling him that he is in The Black Lodge with Dale Cooper.
She is not identified in the 2017 series, but The Final Dossier reveals that the girl in "Part 8", played by Tikaeni Faircrest, is Sarah, who lived in New Mexico in 1956. That year, an unidentified creature crawled into her mouth after she was rendered unconscious by a Woodsman's radio broadcast.
Maddy FergusonEdit
Main article: Maddy Ferguson
Madeleine "Maddy" Ferguson (Sheryl Lee) first appears midway through the first season, when she travels to Twin Peaks from her hometown of Missoula, Montana (David Lynch's birthplace). She comes to help her uncle and aunt, Leland and Sarah Palmer, overcome the loss of Laura. Maddy is four years older than Laura,[6] but otherwise looks identical apart from her dark hair and glasses. She remarks that she and Laura used to pretend they were sisters. Despite their resemblance, the innocent and sweet Maddy stands in stark contrast to Laura, whose personal life is steeped in deception. Like Laura's mother and Laura herself, Maddy has premonitions, including one of a bloodstain on the floor of the Palmers' living room and another of Bob, a demonic entity plaguing the town.
Maddy quickly befriends Donna Hayward and James Hurley, Laura's closest friends, and helps them in their investigation into Laura's death. At one point, Maddy even wears a blonde wig to lure one of Laura's acquaintances.
During the second season, Maddy begins to resemble her cousin more and more: her hair (though still dark) straightens, she stops wearing her glasses, and in her carriage and demeanor she behaves more like Laura as seen in Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me than the Maddy of the first season. This causes conflict with Donna and James when James becomes attracted to her and she begins to return his feelings in spite of herself.
Eventually, she is murdered by Leland Palmer, who is possessed by Bob, in a violent recreation of Laura's murder. Maddy's death quickly leads to Leland's arrest. Resemblance to Laura may have been key to Maddy's murder, as it is revealed in Fire Walk With Me that Teresa Banks, the first of Leland's victims, was selected because "you look just like my Laura" (although she was also planning to blackmail Leland).
The character is an elaborate reference to Alfred Hitchcock's 1958 film Vertigo, in which Kim Novak plays a blonde/brunette dual role, just as Lee plays Laura and Maddy. Madeleine is the name of Novak's blonde alter ego, while Ferguson is James Stewart's character's surname in the film. In Fire Walk With Me, several mentions are made of a "Judy" who never materializes. Judy is the name of Novak's brunette persona, and may be the third character Lee said Lynch intended her to play had the show not been cancelled.
Hayward familyEdit
Will HaywardEdit
Doctor Will Hayward (played by Warren Frost) is a physician and coroner who, due to his close relationship with her, refuses to perform Laura Palmer's autopsy. His first name is not generally used, but he is called "Will" in several episodes; he is normally just called "Doc".
He is the husband of Eileen and father of three daughters: Donna (who has by far the biggest role of the family), Harriet, and Gersten. The Doc is generally a balanced, fair man, but he is especially upset by Laura's murder, as he is a friend of the Palmers and his daughters knew her well.
Hayward also has an altercation with the abrasive Albert Rosenfield, who calls his work "amateur" and wishes to do more work on Laura's corpse. Unlike most of the characters in Twin Peaks, he appears to have no major nasty secrets or eccentricities. But toward the end of the second season it is revealed that he may have been cuckolded by Benjamin Horne, who might in fact be Donna's real father - a question never resolved. In the final episode of the original series, Hayward attacks Ben and although it seems Ben has been seriously injured, Hayward shows up at the end of the episode apparently with his normal temperament. After Cooper is replaced by his doppelgänger, Hayward is revealed to have been the last person to see him before he left Twin Peaks, and speaks to Frank Truman in 2014 about his encounter.
Eileen HaywardEdit
Eileen Hayward, played by Mary Jo Deschanel, is the wheelchair-using wife of Doc Hayward and mother of Donna. Why she is disabled is never revealed during the series. Highly tolerant and decent in every sense, she seems to have a murky past concerning Benjamin Horne.
Donna HaywardEdit
Main article: Donna Hayward
Donna, played by Lara Flynn Boyle in the series and by Moira Kelly in the prequel, was the best friend of Laura Palmer. After her death, she became obsessed with finding out who killed her and why, with the help of James Hurley (Laura's secret boyfriend and Donna's new love interest) and Madeleine Ferguson, the lookalike cousin of Laura.
At the end of season two, it is strongly suggested that Doc Hayward might not be Donna's biological father after all, and that she is in fact the daughter of Benjamin Horne and half-sister to Audrey Horne.
Harriet HaywardEdit
Harriet, played by Jessica Wallenfels, is the middle child in Hayward family. Harriet is shown to be a poet. She appears twice in the series, and both times feature her reading poetry she has written. In the show's pilot, Donna asks Harriet to lie to their father while she sneaks out the bedroom window to meet James Hurley to discuss the death of Laura Palmer. Harriet, who is busy writing a poem, fails to adequately cover for her sister, however. Harriet's other appearance—the first episode of the second season, "May the Giant Be With You"—features her reading a rather eerie poem she wrote about Laura.
Gersten HaywardEdit
Gersten, played by Alicia Witt, is the youngest of three Hayward sisters. Unlike her sisters and her mother, Gersten is a redhead. She is a skilled pianist.
While she is a minor character, the episode "May the Giant Be With You" ends with the credits rolling over footage of Gersten playing the piano.
She is seen in The Return Part 11 having an affair with Steven Burnett.
Horne familyEdit
Benjamin (Ben) HorneEdit
Main article: Ben Horne
Ben Horne (Richard Beymer) is one of the two richest and most powerful people of Twin Peaks; according to Sheriff Truman, Horne "owns half the town", including The Great Northern Hotel, the town's only apparent travel lodgings; the Great Northern also acts, on occasion, as a de facto town hall, and the only place in Twin Peaks suitable for a wedding reception, making it one of the hubs of the community. In addition to the Great Northern, Ben owns and runs Horne's, the town's only department store, and One Eyed Jacks, a casino/brothel just over the Canada–US border. He is a highly devious figure involved in drug and prostitution rings and even orders and orchestrates murders. His would-be monopoly on the town's economy is challenged only by Josie Packard, the owner of the Packard Saw Mill, one of the few major businesses in town which Horne doesn't own. At the outset of the series, Horne has been involved in an affair for some time with Catherine Martell, as part of an intricate plot to kill her, destroy the mill, become the beneficiary of her life insurance, and take sole ownership of the land on which the mill sits, which he intends to turn into a luxury country club. There is also speculation about Horne's previous involvement with Eileen Hayward, which leads to the suspicion as to whether he is Donna Hayward's biological father. During the second season, he is briefly arrested on the suspicion of being Laura Palmer's murderer. Due to the collapse of his business endeavours during his arrest, he suffers a nervous breakdown, falling into a delusional state for much of the season, during which he imagines himself a Civil War general. When he recovers from his mental breakdown, he attempts somewhat to right some of his prior wrongs, but does not completely keep himself out of trouble.
In the finale of the original series, Ben is attacked by Will Hayward and suffers a head injury after it is implied that he is the biological father of Hayward's daughter Donna. In the revival, Ben is revealed to have survived, and as of 2014 he remains the owner of the Great Northern.
Jerry HorneEdit
Jeremy "Jerry" Horne (David Patrick Kelly) is Ben Horne's brother and the uncle of Audrey and Johnny. He is his brother's right-hand man and emissary, traveling around the world to act on Ben's behalf in his business dealings. Though not as intelligent as his brother, Jerry demonstrates world-awareness beyond that of most of the town's population. He is a lawyer, but not as capable as Leland Palmer, and he rarely practices. He and Ben share similar interests and characteristics — womanizing and cutthroat business dealings — but Jerry publicly displays all the negative traits his brother hides beneath a veneer of sophistication and class. The brothers' contrasts are reflected in their attire: Ben wears tailored, neutral-colored business suits, and Jerry dresses in a variety of bizarre, multicolored outfits, seemingly culled from his trips around the world, with a strange hairdo resembling a hi-top fade. Despite their focus on getting their own way, the Horne brothers show a genuine affection for each other.
Jerry ultimately leaves his profession as an attorney and, by 2014, starts producing cannabis products for sale. He also becomes increasingly disheveled and appears to have developed an addiction to cannabis. This addiction results in him getting lost in the woods and having hallucinations.
Audrey HorneEdit
Main article: Audrey Horne
Audrey Horne (Sherilyn Fenn) fits the image of a poor little rich girl, able to have anything she wants except for her father's love. She eventually discovers that her father, Benjamin, the town's business magnate, gave his love to the deceased Laura Palmer, both physically and emotionally.
Audrey is labelled a troublemaker and she initially lives up to that expectation. In the pilot, she derails one of her father's business deals, worth millions of dollars, by interrupting a meeting of Norwegian investors and telling them about Laura's murder. However, Audrey ultimately reveals herself to be a shrewd and sympathetic figure who goes out of her way for others. Although Audrey and Laura were not friends, Audrey says she "kind of loved Laura" because Laura tutored Audrey's brother Johnny.
CharlieEdit
Charlie (Clark Middleton) is Audrey's husband. Audrey has admitted to him she is having an affair with Billy, who has gone missing. He first appears in Part 12 of the Return.
Johnny HorneEdit
Audrey's older, intellectually disabled brother Johnny is a peripheral character in the series. He is played by Robert Davenport in the pilot episode, later by Robert Bauer—twice in the first season and once in the second season, as well as in the film, Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me and finally by Eric Rondell in part nine of the third season.
In a deleted scene from the second season of Twin Peaks (included in the "Twin Peaks The Entire Mystery" Blu-ray box set) Sylvia confesses to Dr. Jacoby that as a girl, Audrey pushed her brother Johnny down a flight of stairs—resulting in his brain damage. In return, Dr. Jacoby reminds Sylvia that there is no physical trauma in Johnny's brain; he remains in a childlike state because he wants to.
Richard HorneEdit
Richard Horne, (Eamon Farren), the son of Audrey and Cooper's doppelgänger, is introduced in the 2017 series. A violent and unstable young man with ties to drug dealing, Richard kills a boy in a hit-and-run accident and attempts to cover it up. He nearly murders Miriam Sullivan, a witness to the accident, and steals his grandmother's money after assaulting her. Although Miriam survives and identifies Richard as the killer, he manages to escape to Montana, where he encounters Cooper's doppelgänger. Recognizing the doppelgänger as an FBI agent, although unaware that he is his father, Richard follows the doppelgänger to the Dutchman's and confronts him. The doppelgänger promptly subdues Richard and sends him to a location indicated by a set of coordinates the doppelgänger received. Upon arriving there, Richard is killed by an electrical force.
Packard familyEdit
Josie PackardEdit
Josie Packard (Joan Chen) is from Hong Kong, and is ethnic Chinese. Josie meets and marries Andrew Packard, owner of the Packard Mill, in Hong Kong and accompanies him to Twin Peaks. After Andrew's death in a boating accident, Josie inherits the mill, which is run by her sister-in-law Catherine. Catherine resents Josie for taking over the mill and suspects that Josie was responsible for Andrew's demise. Catherine's husband Pete Martell, a former woodcutter, is good friends with Josie, seeing her fragile side and striving to protect her. Through most of the first season, Josie seems innocent, an easy mark and potential victim for her more savvy and cunning sister-in-law and Catherine's lover, Ben Horne. It is only later revealed that Josie is, in truth, a classic "femme fatale" whose innocence masks a manipulative and cold-blooded side.
After her husband's death, Josie starts dating the town sheriff Harry S. Truman. Agent Dale Cooper, in town investigating the murder of Laura Palmer, has befriended Truman, and quickly detects Truman's feelings for Josie, but does not himself trust her at all. He tries to warn Truman against getting too close to Josie, but to no avail. At the end of the first season, a mysterious caller shoots Cooper. He survives, thanks to a quick operation, but does not get a look at his assailant, who is later revealed to have been Josie. She reveals that she shot him out of fear that he would discover her role in Andrew's death and her other criminal wrongdoings. These fears ultimately turned out to be accurate. She ultimately dies of heart failure from "fear" after an encounter with evil spirit BOB after having shot and killed Thomas Eckhardt, a long-time tormentor of hers due to his obsession with her.
Andrew PackardEdit
Andrew Packard (Dan O'Herlihy), a sprightly and high-spirited man in spite of his old age, was formerly the owner of the Packard Sawmill. He was supposedly killed in a boating accident brought about by Hank Jennings, working on behalf of Andrew's wife, Josie, and his former business partner, Thomas Eckhardt, a sinister businessman operating in the Far East. Later it is revealed that Andrew anticipated the attempt and went into hiding.
Andrew and his sister Catherine Martell have a mutual distrust, but are also mutually beneficent. Catherine seems to resent the fact that Pete, her husband, gets on very well with Andrew.
Before he is killed, Eckhardt leaves a mysterious puzzle to Andrew and Catherine. It is a box, with an astrological code on it, which in Russian doll fashion contains several other boxes within it. Andrew and Pete finally discover a key to a safety deposit for the local bank after Andrew shoots the smallest one with the large revolver he carries beneath his jacket.[7]
When Andrew and Pete go to the bank and open the deposit, a bomb is triggered. The extent of the damage is unclear, as this happened in the final episode, but Andrew, Pete, and the bank clerk likely all died in the explosion (Audrey, chained to the bank vault door, was slated to have survived).
Catherine MartellEdit
Catherine Martell (played by Piper Laurie) is the sister of Andrew Packard. She married lumberjack Pete Martell, but their happiness was short-lived. Though they remained married, Catherine holds her more simple and naive husband in contempt. After Andrew's death in a boating accident (actually brought about by his young Chinese wife Josie and Hank Jennings), Catherine runs the Packard Mill, though Josie is the legal owner.
Catherine is having an affair with local businessman and landowner Ben Horne, with whom she is plotting to burn down the mill. Unknown to Catherine, Ben is also in cahoots with Josie, and the two of them are plotting to cut her out of the picture entirely, with the intent to eventually shut down the mill and develop the land for their own profit. A highly devious and narcissistic person, Catherine later cons everyone by posing as a Japanese businessman (Mr Tojamura) who buys the shares of the land and manages to destroy Horne's business.
Pete MartellEdit
Pete Martell (played by Jack Nance) is a lumberjack who married his boss's sister Catherine. Pete is the one who discovers Laura Palmer's dead body in the opening scenes of the series. What started as a "summer's indiscretion" developed into a marriage that from Pete's perspective never should have happened. "Catherine is plain hell to live with", he once admits during the course of the show. While Pete is quiet and docile, Catherine is ruthless, stubborn and determined and doesn't make anything easy for her husband (who she feels is a useless, soft old fool). However, it is also made clear that Catherine was far richer than he, so he has at least a financial consolation. Pete also seems to harbor some genuine, nostalgic affection for his wife, which he expresses to Sheriff Truman when he thinks Catherine has died, and after she reappears she shows genuine affection towards him, hinting at least towards a deep platonic bond between the two.
He is a keen angler. While Catherine plots to get back her late brother's business, the Packard mill, from his widow Josie Packard whom she despises, Pete spends his time fishing and joking affectionately with Josie. Perhaps too good to be true, Josie is pure balm to Pete after Catherine's constant spite and contempt.
He is also an expert chess player, the best in town (and seemingly in a very large surrounding area), and helps Cooper in his deadly tournament against Windom Earle in season 2.
In the series finale Pete, Andrew Packard and Audrey Horne are caught up in a bomb blast at the Twin Peaks national bank and their fates are not revealed. The 2016 tie-in book The Secret History of Twin Peaks (Flatiron Books, New York, ISBN 978-1250075581) states that Pete and Andrew were killed in the blast but that Audrey survived, with the implication that Pete saved Audrey by shielding her with his body.
Briggs familyEdit
Garland BriggsEdit
Major Garland Briggs (Don S. Davis) is a United States Air Force officer whose area of expertise appears to be paranormal activity, particularly Project Blue Book. He is the father of Bobby, whose wild antics and disrespectful attitude are a cause of great friction between them. His work with the government is highly classified, hidden even from his family.
His greatest fear, which he claimed was revealed under torture, is "the possibility that love is not enough." He is abducted at one point, possibly to the White Lodge, and told by the Log Lady to deliver a message to Special Agent Dale Cooper. In the second season, Major Briggs and Bobby find some common ground and begin to connect.
In between the events of the original series and the revival, Major Briggs creates a dossier that is depicted in the novel The Secret History of Twin Peaks. During the revival, Bobby states that he died in a station fire, while the Air Force learns that his fingerprints have been appearing at crime scenes. A headless corpse with his prints is later found by the Buckhorn Police Department in South Dakota, although Air Force Lieutenant Cynthia Knox discovers that the corpse is too young to be Briggs. Briggs himself appears before Cooper as a floating head.
Briggs lives on as a floating head in the realm of The Fireman.
Bobby BriggsEdit
Robert "Bobby" Briggs, played by Dana Ashbrook, was Laura Palmer's boyfriend. His father is Major Garland Briggs, a member of the U.S. military, with whom he has an uneasy relationship. Though Bobby was secretly seeing Shelly Johnson before Laura's death, he becomes jealous of James Hurley when he discovers that James was secretly seeing Laura. As it turns out, Laura did not really love Bobby but was merely using him as a source of cocaine.
The prequel film Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me shows that just two days before Laura's death, Bobby (accompanied by Laura) had a midnight meeting, arranged by Jacques Renault, with Cliff Howard, deputy in Deer Meadow, the town in which Teresa Banks was murdered the previous year. Howard was supplying Bobby with cocaine to be sold in Twin Peaks; when an inebriated Laura yanked the drugs out of his hands, Howard pulled a gun and Bobby shot him. This scene explains what James Hurley reported to Donna Hayward in the series pilot — that Laura, the night she was murdered, had mentioned to him that someone had been killed.
In the first episode, Bobby is a suspect in Laura's death, but Cooper determines he is innocent and has him released. He and Shelly eventually move in together when Leo Johnson becomes comatose. He tries to become an assistant to Ben Horne but falls in with Horne at the point of Horne's nervous breakdown and finds little success.
Bobby later becomes a deputy in the Twin Peaks sheriff's department, a position he assumes by 2014. As Major Briggs's son, Bobby is able to solve clues left behind by his father that mystify Sheriff Truman and Hawk. He is the father of Shelly Johnson's daughter, Becky.
Hurley/Jennings familiesEdit
Ed HurleyEdit
"Big" Ed Hurley, played by Everett McGill, runs the local gas station. He also looks after his nephew James Hurley.
His marriage to Nadine, who is constantly seesawing between being overbearing and highly depressed, ceased to be loving long ago, and seems driven primarily by his guilt over the hunting accident on their honeymoon where she lost her eye. Due to a misunderstanding he married her over his high-school sweetheart Norma Jennings. He has been carrying on an affair with Norma, but his guilt, along with the imminent release of Norma's violent husband Hank, causes them to break things off. They resume their affair after Nadine regresses into her teen years and starts dating Mike, a teenager. Nadine even hospitalizes Hank while defending Ed from him. Ed and Norma announce their intention to be married, but Nadine's sudden recovery throws things into doubt. 25 years later, Nadine gives Ed her blessing to be with Norma.
Ed is also one of the Bookhouse Boys and as such serves as "unofficial deputy" to Sheriff Truman.
Nadine HurleyEdit
Nadine Hurley, played by Wendy Robie, is married to Big Ed and is well known in the town for her ferocity and eccentricity. Nadine wears a patch over her left eye, having lost it in a hunting accident on their honeymoon. Ed's guilt over the accident (and other things) is perhaps all that holds together their mostly unhappy marriage, as he would rather have married Norma Jennings, his high-school sweetheart.
Nadine spends the first few episodes of the series in a state of obsession with trying to create the world's first completely silent drape-runners. She is successful when her husband, Ed, accidentally spills mechanical grease on the cotton balls she is fixing to the runners. Nadine initially thinks this will make them both very rich, but alas it does not, because she was refused a patent, and she gives up hope that it could ever sell. She subsequently attempts suicide by overdosing on pills.
After falling into a coma instead, Nadine awakes believing herself to be a teenager in high school and, incidentally, just dating her husband. Her superhuman strength (already present in season one) allows her to enter the school's wrestling team—the first female to do so. Though the cause of her memory loss is left largely to the viewer's imagination, adrenaline is circuitously mentioned at one point by Dr. Hayward.
As season two progresses, Nadine and Ed decide to "break up", and she begins pursuit of teenage Mike Nelson (captain of the Twin Peaks wrestling team). This in turn leaves Ed free to pursue his true love, Norma.
In the final episode of the original series, Nadine suffers a blow to the head that results in the loss of her delusions of teenhood. Apparently, she has no memory of anything that has occurred since her suicide attempt. 25 years later, Nadine is an avid viewer of Lawrence Jacoby's "Dr. Amp" web series and has turned her silent drape-runners into a business.
James HurleyEdit
James Hurley, played by James Marshall, lives with his uncle Ed and his aunt Nadine due to his troubled family situation: his father (probably Ed's brother), a musician, left mother and child behind when James was very young, while his mother, a writer, is an alcoholic who frequently has sex with total strangers.
James is a keen motorcycle rider. He is only quiet on the outside. James frequently has problems with women. He was Laura Palmer's secret boyfriend. Bobby Briggs, Laura's boyfriend, resents James because of their relationship. After her death, he falls in love with his and Laura's best friend Donna Hayward. Later he is also attracted to Laura's look-alike cousin Maddy Ferguson, leading to disputes with Donna, who is similarly confused about her feelings for him. After Maddy's death, he leaves Twin Peaks and gets into trouble with Evelyn Marsh, who manipulates him for her own ends at first but then regrets it. After he is entangled in the conspiracy to murder her husband and exonerated, he decides he needs to get away from Twin Peaks and heads off to see the world. He is not seen again for the remainder of the series, but he professes his love for Donna and promises to come back for her.
By 2014, James has returned to Twin Peaks, and is revealed to have suffered a head injury in an accident. He visits the Roadhouse, where he is seen staring at Shelly's friend Renee.
Norma JenningsEdit
Norma Jennings, played by Peggy Lipton, is the owner of the Double R Diner, where she employs Shelly Johnson, a good friend of hers, and organizes the town's Meals on Wheels program, which Laura Palmer used to operate. She is a former Miss Twin Peaks, and becomes one of the judges at the latest pageant. She is later joined at the Diner by her sister Annie Blackburn, a former nun.
She does not care for her husband Hank, a paroled criminal, and has long regretted that she did not end up with high-school sweetheart Big Ed Hurley, whom she adores and is carrying on an affair with. She finds it difficult to trust Hank, because he is a criminal and has let her down in the past, but eventually gives him a chance by letting him work in the diner. What she would really like to do is to divorce Hank and marry Ed, but events continually prevent this. When Nadine regresses into her teenage years Ed and Norma see an opportunity to get married, but Nadine's sudden recovery throws things into jeopardy.
Norma has a bad relationship with her mother, which has presumably been a long-standing dislike, as Annie Blackburn briefly inquires about this upon coming to Twin Peaks, and doesn't argue when Norma tries to drop the subject. Their ties are broken for good when it turns out her mother is in fact a famous food critic who writes under a pseudonym, and ultimately gives the Double R Diner an unflattering review. Norma, who is appalled at her mother's lack of sympathy for what Norma has dedicated her life to, tells her she never wants to see her again.
Hank JenningsEdit
Hank Jennings, played by Chris Mulkey, is the criminal (and during the first few episodes imprisoned) husband of Norma Jennings.
He is a career criminal, albeit a more professional one than Leo Johnson. Bad to the bone and somewhat of a sociopath, he is nevertheless able to put on a convincing nice-guy facade which manages to fool some people. According to Sheriff Harry S. Truman, Hank once was a member of the Bookhouse Boys, in fact "one of the best", before he was expelled for his criminal activities. In many ways, Hank serves as a moral counterpoint to Sheriff Truman who rightfully does not trust Hank.
Prior to the start of the series, Hank has been hired by Josie Packard to arrange the death of her husband Andrew, owner of the Packard Saw Mill, in a boating accident. (It is revealed later that Andrew anticipated and secretly avoided this attempt on his life.) Hank used his apparent involvement in a drunken driving accident as an alibi for the night of Andrew's death and was convicted of manslaughter. At the beginning of the series, he is due for parole after serving 18 months in the state prison.
Hank has a difficult relationship with his wife Norma, who (rightly) feels lied to and betrayed by him. Norma is really in love with Big Ed Hurley, as she has been since high school, and the two only married other people due to misunderstandings. Hank's imprisonment provides the couple safety to carry on an affair, and hence they are uneasy about his being free and nearby. Nonetheless, Norma gives a restrained but positive testimony in the parole hearing, ensuring his release, and provides him with a job at her Double R Diner.
Upon his release, Hank immediately violates parole by committing a large number of crimes and by crossing the Canada–US border. He threatens Josie, who had agreed to pay him $90,000 upon his release, and tries to extort more money from her.
Hank is hired for a number of shady dealings by Benjamin Horne. In particular, he is responsible for shooting Leo Johnson, after Leo set fire to the Packard Mill on Hank's orders. The shot does not kill Leo, but sends him into a coma. Unbeknownst to him, this was witnessed by Bobby Briggs, whom Leo had been about to kill with an axe at the time.
After crossing the Canada–US border on orders of Benjamin Horne, he is captured by Franco-Canadian criminal Jean Renault and becomes involved in his doings, especially the takeover of One Eyed Jacks and the Dead Dog Farm stake out.
Hank decides to punish Ed for the affair with Norma but runs into Ed's superhumanly strong wife Nadine, who beats him to a pulp. Hank spends the remainder of the series on crutches and is eventually taken back to jail for parole violations. In his last appearance, Hank tries to get an alibi regarding the night of Leo's shooting from his wife, Norma, while she is visiting his cell to ask for a divorce. Hank coldly replies: "you give me my alibi, and I'll give you a divorce". When Norma refuses (still not trusting Hank to keep his word), he then reacts violently and calls her Big Ed's "whore", to which she replies: "I'd rather be his whore than your wife!" Norma then leaves Hank behind in jail.
The Secret History of Twin Peaks reveals that three years after his arrest, Hank was stabbed to death in prison by a distant cousin of the Renault family. Before his death Hank gave a deathbed confession to his various crimes and wrote a quick note to his family and former friends apologizing for everything he had done.
Annie BlackburnEdit
Annie Blackburn, played by Heather Graham, is the sister of Norma Jennings, from whom she gets a job in the RR Diner.
She appears in the final six episodes of the series and briefly in the prequel feature film Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me. A precocious introvert closer to nature than to people, she grew up in Twin Peaks, but after a painful first love that led her to a suicide attempt, she went to live in a convent. She hasn't decided if she wants to remain in the secular world, but is willing to see what it can offer her. Despite her lack of experience outside the convent, Annie is not naive about everyday sorrows and transgressions. She may be seen as a mirror for FBI Special Agent Dale Cooper, who falls in love with her, and she with him.
Annie seems to possess an intangible quality to which Cooper is drawn, almost hypnotically. Annie ultimately begins to represent a dark and painful truth from his past. Subsequently, she is cast into Cooper's urgent quest to elude/capture the progenitor of his increasingly nightmarish existence. In the final episode of the series she is trapped in the Black Lodge by Windom Earle who brings her there as his "Queen" after she wins Miss Twin Peaks (Earle was playing a "sick chess game" involving real people prior to this). At the end of the episode, Dale Cooper is replaced with a doppelganger possessed by the spirit of Bob, and he and Annie depart the Black Lodge. Annie is reported to have been hospitalized by the end of the series.
In Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me, Annie briefly appears to Laura Palmer in a dream, bruised and bloodied (appearing the same way she did when she exited the Black Lodge), to warn her of her death, but as this has yet to happen Laura does not understand the omen. The clue that Annie says to Laura is: "My name is Annie, and I've been with Laura and Dale. The good Dale is in the Lodge, and he can't leave. Write it in your diary."
The diary entry containing Annie's message, along with two other pages, is later hidden in a stall door in the Twin Peaks sheriff's department. In 2014, it is found by Deputy Chief Hawk, providing Hawk and Sheriff Frank Truman with a vital clue regarding Cooper.
The Final Dossier by Mark Frost reveals Annie's ultimate fate, namely that following the events of her abduction and rescue, she has been stuck in catatonic state for 25 years and placed in an institution as a result. Since entering this state, Annie has never spoken a word, with one notable and repeated exception; once every year, at the anniversary of exact time of her kidnapping, she says "I'm fine," out loud, apparently to no one in particular, before falling silent again.
Johnson familyEdit
Shelly JohnsonEdit
Main article: Shelly Johnson (Twin Peaks)
Shelly Johnson, played by Mädchen Amick, is a waitress at the Double R Diner (which is owned by Norma Jennings, a good friend of hers).
Shelly dropped out of high school to marry trucker Leo Johnson, who had swept her off her feet by lavishing her with attention. As soon as they got married, it became clear that Leo just "wanted a maid he didn't have to pay for," in the words of Shelly. Leo is a sadistic, monstrous home dictator, wife-beater, rapist and dangerous criminal, and he is tangibly connected to Laura Palmer's murder.
Shelly has been having an affair with Laura's boyfriend, Bobby Briggs. Bobby, like Laura, is still in high school, and besides being a jock, he's something of a known hooligan. Although Bobby doesn't quite tread on the right side of the law, he is at least kind to Shelly, unlike Leo. The risk of the affair is great; Bobby deals drugs for Leo and knows just how dangerous Leo is. Leo eventually finds out, and sexually assaults, then tries to kill Shelly by tying her up inside the Packard Saw Mill and setting it on fire. However Catherine Martell, who was also meant to die in the fire, reluctantly frees Shelly and helps her escape. Catherine, however, vanishes.
During the show's second season, Leo lapses into a catatonic state after being shot by Hank Jennings. Shelly is forced to quit her job at the Double R Diner to take care of Leo at home, where she and Bobby openly flaunt their relationship in front of him, mainly out of frustration that his monthly disability benefits are almost completely used up by the costs of keeping him at home. When Leo awakens from his catatonia and tries to kill Shelly, Bobby comes to Shelly's defense and fights with Leo. Shelly manages to stab Leo in the leg with a knife, and the wounded Leo staggers off into the woods. Shelly later asks Norma for her old job at the Double R Diner, which Norma gladly gives back to her. Shelly - along with Donna Hayward and Audrey Horne - later receives fragments of poetry from former FBI man Windom Earle, as part of Earle's elaborate scheme. At the urging of Bobby, Shelly enters the Miss Twin Peaks contest, which is ultimately won by Annie Blackburn. In Shelly's last appearance in the original series, Bobby proposes marriage to her, which she would like to accept were it not for the fact that she is still married to Leo.
Shelly later marries Bobby. They have a daughter, Becky. She remains a waitress at the Double R Diner by 2014, and becomes concerned about Becky after she marries Steven Burnett, a drug addict. She and Bobby separate, but their relationship is amicable; the two comfort Becky together at the Double R after Becky becomes frustrated by Steven, who is having an affair with Gersten Hayward.
Leo JohnsonEdit
Leo Johnson, played by Eric Da Re, is a trucker who also moonlights as Twin Peaks's primary source of narcotics (which he obtains from the Renault Brothers and traffics over the Canada–US border). Sheriff Truman has never been able to obtain evidence of his criminal dealings. Leo is married to Shelly Johnson, a waitress at the town diner. Sadistic and volatile, he regularly beats her for both real and imagined transgressions, ranging from her infidelity with high school football player Bobby Briggs to his dissatisfaction with the way she washes the kitchen floor.
In the course of the series, Leo becomes one of the primary suspects in the murder of Laura Palmer. As it turns out, Leo was simply with Laura before she was murdered by Killer Bob. While under investigation, Leo is hired for his criminal skills by Ben Horne, who tasks him with burning down the Packard Saw Mill with his business rival Catherine Martell inside so that Horne can simultaneously kill his competition and destroy the only obstacle to his obtaining the valuable Mill land. Leo decides to use the situation to solve his own marital discord, abducting Shelly and then tying her up inside the mill shortly before setting fire to it with a time bomb. Catherine foils his plans by freeing Shelly and helping her escape. When Leo returns home after setting fire to the mill, he discovers Bobby in his house looking for Shelly. Leo tries to kill him with an axe, but is shot by Hank Jennings, who was hired by Ben Horne to kill Leo in order to cover Ben's tracks.
Leo spends most of the second season in a vegetative state, cared for by Shelly and Bobby, who take him in as part of a scheme to commit insurance fraud. Their plan backfires when it turns out that Leo's home care is far more expensive than they had anticipated, and the pair are left destitute. To vent their frustration, they take to teasing Leo and flaunting their relationship in front of him.
Near the end of the season, Leo regains some of his cognitive abilities and attacks Shelly and Bobby. Wounded during a struggle, he staggers into the woods, where he is abducted by escaped mental patient (and former FBI agent) Windom Earle. Earle enslaves the barely coherent Leo by fitting him with a shock collar and forcing him into submission. Leo spends the remainder of the series as a semi-mute drone, serving as Earle's henchman. In the third-to-last episode Leo frees another of Earle's captives, Major Garland Briggs, believing Shelly's life to be in danger after Earle posts a photo of her on his cabin wall. In the series finale, Earle leaves Leo for dead, rigging a cage of tarantulas above Leo's head, with a string affixed between Leo's teeth; if Leo lets go of the string, the cage will drop on his face, releasing the agitated tarantulas.
Although Leo's fate is not disclosed in the 2017 series, The Final Dossier reveals that he was shot to death by an unknown assailant. His autopsy is performed by Albert Rosenfield, who suspects that Leo was killed by an individual with an FBI background, implied to be either Windom Earle or Cooper's doppelgänger.
Renault familyEdit
The three Renault brothers in the original series — Jacques, Bernard and Jean — are French Canadian and heavily involved in various kinds of crime, primarily drug running. No two of the three brothers are ever shown together on screen during the series. By the end of the original series, all three are dead.
The revival introduces a fourth member of the family, Jean-Michel, whose relationship with the three brothers is unknown.
Jacques RenaultEdit
Jacques, played by Walter Olkewicz, used to be a woodcutter but had to quit that job because of his considerable weight. He then went to other jobs, working as a bartender at the Roadhouse in Twin Peaks as well as a croupier at One Eyed Jack's, a casino and brothel located across the Canada–US border. Together with Leo Johnson, he ran drugs from Canada into Twin Peaks. Both Leo and Jacques had (rough) sex with Laura Palmer the night she was killed.
He flees from the Twin Peaks police into Canada, but is questioned incognito by Agent Cooper at One Eyed Jacks. Cooper tricks him into returning to Twin Peaks, where he is ambushed and arrested on the charge of murdering Laura Palmer. Having been shot and wounded during the arrest, he is taken to hospital, where Laura's father Leland suffocates him with a pillow, apparently as revenge on the supposed killer of his daughter.
Bernard RenaultEdit
Bernard, played by Clay Wilcox is the youngest of the Renault brothers. He helps Jacques in his drug running and warns him to stay away from the Roadhouse. He is captured and interrogated by the Bookhouse Boys but refuses to answer their questions. He is later murdered by Leo Johnson and left in the woods.
Jean RenaultEdit
Jean, played by Michael Parks, is the eldest and most ruthless of the three brothers, but hides his ruthlessness behind a soft-spoken, charming appearance. He is described as being involved in gambling, extortion, drug dealing and other crimes in the Northwest before his first appearance in the series.
He first appears during Blackie's attempt to wrest control of One Eyed Jack's from owner Benjamin Horne. He reportedly once sold insurance for the brothel to Horne and is also the lover of Blackie's younger sister Nancy. Now, he acts as a go-between for Blackie, who's holding Horne's daughter Audrey ransom, and Horne, but he also has a personal score to settle: he wants to get revenge on Agent Cooper, who he blames for the death of his younger brothers. His intentions are thwarted as Cooper and Sheriff Truman infiltrate One Eyed Jack's and rescue Audrey.
On the night Audrey is rescued, Jean kills Blackie, takes control of the brothel, and acquires the services of Ben Horne's henchman Hank Jennings. Later, he stages a plot to frame Cooper for drug running, leading to Cooper's temporary suspension. He is eventually killed by Cooper during a hostage standoff at Dead Dog Farm.
Jean-Michel RenaultEdit
Jean-Michel Renault, played by Walter Olkewicz, is the owner of the Roadhouse in 2014. His relationship with the three Renault brothers is currently unknown. He is depicted as being involved with prostitution.
Blackie O'ReillyEdit
Blackie O'Reilly (nicknamed The Black Rose and portrayed by Victoria Catlin) is the madame of One Eyed Jacks, the casino/brothel just north of the Canada–US border. She runs Jack's at the behest of its secret owner, Benjamin Horne. In keeping with the "upscale" theme of the establishment, Blackie adorns herself in glamorous black evening gowns and exudes an air of sophistication and being a member of the "upper class." She is the highest authority at Jacks, aside from Ben Horne, eliciting absolute obedience from the cadre of prostitutes in her stable. Whenever a new girl is hired, she oversees a coin-tossing ceremony between Ben and Jerry Horne to see which man will "break her in." She has a heroin habit and is bisexual. The sister of Nancy, she is later killed by Jean during Dale Cooper's and Harry's raid on the brothel.
LocalsEdit
Ronette PulaskiEdit
Ronette Pulaski, portrayed by Phoebe Augustine, is the daughter of Janek Pulaski (an employee of the Packard Saw Mill) and his wife Suburbis Pulaski. She attended Twin Peaks High School.
She worked at the perfume counter at Horne's Department Store, and at One Eyed Jacks. She and Laura Palmer were both kidnapped and violently beaten by the serial killer BOB during the crime that drives much of the series. Laura is murdered, but Ronette manages to escape. She is discovered wandering along train tracks in a trance. As she had crossed state lines, the FBI becomes involved in the investigation. She lapses into a coma, emerging only briefly to identify BOB from a drawing.
The character appeared only briefly in the series, with few lines of dialogue, but she proved an integral part of the overall plot, especially as she was with Laura at her end. Her picture, along with that of Leo Johnson's truck, are found in Fleshworld (a swingers magazine) by FBI Special Agent Dale Cooper, and Sheriff Harry S. Truman, along with a forwarding address which allows them to track down to whom it belonged. She also appears toward the very end of the series when Cooper brings her in to confirm that the smell of engine oil is usually an indicator that BOB is nearby.
She is featured most heavily in both Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me and the series' pilot episode.
A small aspect of her character in relation to Fire Walk With Me is that she was somehow meant to come out of Laura's murder alive. During the final scene in the train car, Laura sees Ronette's "guardian angel" looking over her as she frantically prays for her life. Ronette's ropes are miraculously cut free, allowing Ronette to open the door to the train car and let MIKE throw the green/owl ring into the carriage. Laura then places this ring on one of her fingers, which forces BOB to kill her instantly rather than inhabit her body against her will, as he desired. Earlier, Laura saw what she believed to be her own guardian angel abandoning her when she saw the angel disappear from a picture on her wall. When Ronette is brought in during the last episodes, she appears to have reformed, dressing demurely and co-operating with the police without question.
Lawrence JacobyEdit
Lawrence Jacoby, portrayed by Russ Tamblyn, is a highly eccentric psychiatrist. Born January 30, 1934, Jacoby spent some of his life in Hawaii, and is fascinated by Tiki culture.
Prior to her murder, Laura Palmer was Jacoby's patient. Jacoby has radically unconventional treatment practices, and it is unclear whether his treatment of Laura was inappropriate. At Laura's grave after her funeral, Jacoby tells FBI agent Dale Cooper that he is not a good person and doesn't really care about his patients, who see him as their friend, but that Laura changed all that and changed him; Laura was in pain and the reasons for that were so mysterious that Jacoby couldn't penetrate the walls she had built around it. Because of this, he has an insight into Laura's personality that few others have. The unidentified person in Sarah Palmer's vision seen digging up James's half of Laura's necklace (at the end of the pilot) is in fact Jacoby.
James, Donna and Maddy Ferguson discover that Laura had made a series of audiotapes to Jacoby in which she describes some of her dreams and nightmares. Believing he has more of these, they hatch a plan to lure him away from his office by dressing Maddy up as Laura and filming her making a similar message. When Jacoby goes to confront "Laura", he is attacked and beaten unconscious by a masked figure, suffering a heart attack in the process. After a period of recovery he returns to continue his work, mainly with Ben Horne and Nadine Hurley.
Jacoby is married to a Hawaiian woman, Eolani (Jennifer Aquino, uncredited), who is seen only once in the series. He is known for keeping cocktail umbrellas marked with dates of events that affected him. He is also a keen surfer. A recognizable trait are his glasses, one lens of which is blue, the other red. He also can do some conjuring tricks.
After his medical license is revoked, Jacoby moves to a mobile home by 2014 and begins broadcasting an internet series as "Dr. Amp." As part of the series, he sells shovels that he spray-paints gold. He starts a possible romantic relationship with Nadine, an avid watcher of his show.
The character is rumored to be inspired by the ethnobotanist and shamanistic explorer Terence McKenna.[8]
In "The Firefly", a 2011 episode of the science fiction series Fringe, Walter Bishop uses a pair of red-and-blue glasses to examine a man's aura and says, "These were created by an old friend of mine, Dr. Jacoby from Washington State."
Mike NelsonEdit
Mike Nelson, portrayed by Gary Hershberger, was close friends with Bobby Briggs and was the boyfriend of Donna Hayward. He was on both the high school football and wrestling teams. On the other hand, he also dealt drugs with Bobby on behalf of Leo Johnson, their supplier.
As Donna grew closer to James Hurley, she broke up with Mike. Mike initially didn't take the breakup well, but soon became involved with an amnesiac Nadine Hurley. Mike fell in love with Nadine and planned to marry her, but was heartbroken when she regained her memory and had no recollection of her affection for him. It is not known if Nadine went back to her husband, Big Ed. Mike is a businessman by 2014 and angrily rejects a job application from Steven Burnett, citing Steven's lack of professionalism.
Mike was illustrative of the theme of duality that pervaded Twin Peaks. He was, with Bobby, one of two duos in the series named "Mike" and "Bob," the other being Mike / Phillip Gerard the one-armed man, and Bob.
Margaret Lanterman (Log Lady)Edit
Main article: Log Lady
Margaret Lanterman, better known as the Log Lady, makes semi-regular appearances in both seasons, and is played by Catherine E. Coulson, who also very briefly reprised the role for a single scene in the prequel film Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me.
The Log Lady is a fixture in the town of Twin Peaks by the time of Laura Palmer's murder, and most residents in the town regard her as crazy. This is mainly due to her habit of always carrying a small log in her arms, with which she seems to share a psychic connection, often dispensing advice and visions of clairvoyance which she claims come from the log;[9] prior to the murder, she delivers moving and cryptic warnings to Laura Palmer herself.[10][11] The Log Lady does not interpret the messages transmitted by the log, but instead functions as a medium for the information it conveys.[12]
Margaret returns in the 2017 series, where she sends Deputy Chief Hawk a message about a missing clue about Dale Cooper that is connected to Hawk's heritage. The clue turns out to be three pages of Laura Palmer's diary hidden in a bathroom stall in the sheriff's department. She later sends Hawk a second clue mentioning Laura.
Harold SmithEdit
Harold Smith, portrayed by Lenny Von Dohlen, has agoraphobia and thus does not leave his home. Laura Palmer met him when she delivered him his meals. Laura gave Harold her secret diary for safe-keeping, because BOB didn't know about him. Harold grows and develops new orchid hybrids in his home. He also makes a habit of recording things people tell him, such as their memories and their deepest thoughts.
Donna Hayward, Laura's best friend, befriended him during her investigation into her death. Their relationship ended badly when Donna and Maddy Ferguson attempted to steal Laura's secret diary, believing it held the key to finding her murderer. His faith in human decency shattered, Harold is later discovered to have hanged himself, with scraps of the diary around him. His suicide note reads "J'ai une âme solitaire" (literally, "I have a lonely soul").
Dick TremayneEdit
Dick Tremayne (Ian Buchanan) is a selfish, pretentious man, whom Lucy Moran dated for a while on the side after becoming annoyed with Deputy Andy Brennan. He works at Horne's Department store, in men's fashion. When he finds out Lucy is pregnant (and isn't sure who the father of the baby is), he first attempts to have her get an abortion, but then tries (albeit halfheartedly) to prove his capability as a parent by “helping” an orphan boy who needs a father figure. Because of this, he has an ongoing rivalry with Andy, though they bond at a few points. Dick's condescending behavior becomes such that Lucy ultimately decides she doesn't care who the real father is and chooses Andy to help her raise her child.
Dick appears in the third episode of season two.
OutsidersEdit
Selena SwiftEdit
Selena Swift (Erika Anderson) is an actress known for her dual roles as Jade and Emerald on the soap opera Invitation to Love that is a popular show in Twin Peaks and is watched by nearly all of the residents. A lot of the events occurring in Twin Peaks often mimicked the events happening within the show and Selena's characters Jade and Emerald paralleled with Laura Palmer and Maddy Ferguson; the innocent Jade mirroring Maddy and the dark and deceitful Emerald mirroring Laura. Selena's debut as the twins was similar to Maddy's introduction in the fourth episode of the first season.[13]
Evelyn MarshEdit
Evelyn Marsh (Annette McCarthy) lives in one of the towns near Twin Peaks, which James Hurley "drifts" to after he flees Twin Peaks in the wake of Maddy Ferguson's murder. Evelyn is very wealthy, and she and her absentee husband, Geoffrey/Jeffrey, own a small fleet of expensive cars, which she initially drafts James to repair.
Evelyn is complex and unpredictable. She attracts James through a combination of her physical attributes and the pity he feels for her when she reveals that Geoffrey frequently beats her. In reality, she is involved with a third man, Malcolm Sloan, who lives with the family under the guise of being her brother and acting as chauffeur, and the two have hatched a plan to kill Geoffrey. She engages James in a kind of boy toy sexual relationship, intending to set him up as the fall guy for her husband's death. When Donna arrives to bring James home, Evelyn taunts her, revealing her and James's relationship.
After her husband's murder, Evelyn appears to soften toward James and show repentance for her actions, giving James enough warning to get out of the house before the police arrive. She gives the police his full name and even indicates where they might find him, but seems to waver. When he comes back to talk to her, she pleads for him to leave. Malcolm knocks James out and tries to persuade Evelyn to shoot him, concocting a story to cover the situation, but in the end Evelyn can't go through with it and she shoots Malcolm dead instead when he tries to attack her, allowing James to go free. After this, all that is heard from Evelyn is that James is to give evidence at her trial.
Thomas EckhardtEdit
Thomas Eckhardt (David Warner) is a powerful businessman. He hails from South Africa, but moved to Hong Kong, where he formed a business partnership with American Andrew Packard. The relationship soured as the two competed for the love of Josie, a protégé of Eckhardt. Eventually Josie married Andrew, who took her with him to Twin Peaks. However, it is unclear whether this was in fact part of a plan by Eckhardt, as Josie arranged the assassination of Andrew, covered up by a boating accident.
After Josie has also arranged for the burning of the Packard saw mill and selling the land, Eckhardt expects her to return to Hong Kong. When she refuses and kills Eckhardt's emissary, Eckhardt personally comes for her and insists on a meeting. Josie shoots Eckhardt, but dies only moments later out of intense fear, accompanied by the appearance of "Bob", who mocks the approaching Agent Cooper.
On Eckhardt's order, his assistant, Miss Jones (played by Brenda Strong), also attempts to kill Josie's lover, Sheriff Truman, but he manages to survive.
Eckhardt left a puzzle box to Andrew Packard, who was revealed to have eluded his assassination, and Catherine Martell. The box contains several boxes and eventually holds the key to a safe deposit box at the local bank. When Andrew opens the box, a bomb explodes, killing Andrew and Pete Martell.
Teresa BanksEdit
Teresa Banks is a 17-year-old drifter and cocaine addict. Her murder in Deer Meadow, Washington, precedes that of Laura Palmer and is part of the plot of the 1992 Twin Peaks prequel film, Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me. Pamela Gidley portrayed Banks in the film.
Banks lived at the Fat Trout trailer park for a month (where minor characters Mrs. Chalfont and her grandson also lived until they moved away following Teresa's murder). She worked the night shift as a waitress at Hap's Diner.
Her body was found, wrapped in plastic, in Wind River. She died from "repeated blows to the back of the head by a blunt obtuse-angled object," according to FBI Special Agent Sam Stanley. The murderer took her ring, which was adorned with a symbol used late in the series in conjunction with the Black Lodge. Stanley also discovered a small piece of white paper imprinted with the letter "T" beneath the nail of her left ring finger, what would become the calling card of the serial killer who later murdered Laura Palmer and attacked Ronette Pulaski. Stanley and Special Agent Chester Desmond investigated her murder on the orders of FBI Chief Gordon Cole. No one claimed her body after her murder, and she had no known next of kin.
Like Laura and Ronette, Teresa placed personal ads in Fleshworld, a fictional swingers magazine known to be read and utilized by Twin Peaks drug dealer Jacques Renault, who also ran a sort of low-key prostitution ring on the side. It was through such an advertisement that she became acquainted with Laura's father, Leland Palmer, who muses "you look just like my Laura" (a later murder, Laura's cousin Madeleine Ferguson, is also said to have been chosen because she resembled Laura).
One day, Leland arrives at a motel room having pre-arranged a rendezvous with Banks and "some of [her] girlfriends" and, to his surprise, discovers one of these to be his daughter. Leland ducks out before Laura sees him, but Banks becomes suspicious of his sudden change of heart. Eventually, she discovers Leland's identity and attempts to blackmail him but is subsequently murdered by him before she can collect.
Windom EarleEdit
Main article: Windom Earle
Windom Earle is a former FBI agent, who was once partner and best friend to Agent Dale Cooper. He is played by Kenneth Welsh and features in the latter half of the second season as the primary antagonist following the conclusion of the Laura Palmer investigation. He is an evil genius and a master of disguise, well-versed in esoterica from all parts of the world. He has extensive knowledge of the “dugpas”, ancient sorcerers from Tibet dedicated to pure evil. Cooper says of Windom Earle: “his mind is like a diamond: cold, hard, and brilliant.”
Earle was institutionalized after killing his wife Caroline, the love of Cooper's life, and trying to kill Cooper as well. He escapes and comes to Twin Peaks, hiding out in the woods, with the announced intention of ruining Cooper's life before killing him. He captures and enslaves Leo Johnson to act as an unwilling henchman, and finally kidnaps Annie Blackburn to lure Cooper into a trap.
He has a fascination with the Black Lodge, whose secrets he is trying to unlock, as well as black magic. Major Garland Briggs states that Earle was involved in Project Blue Book, as was Briggs; however, their investigation in which Earle was involved was directly related to Twin Peaks and not the usual UFO investigations; his growing obsession with the Lodge led to his dismissal from the project.
He is obsessed with chess and this plays a major role in most of his first appearances, when he decides to use real people as the pieces in a game against Cooper. The true intention of this is to make his way into the Black Lodge, whose power he hopes to harness, while also getting revenge on Cooper. By claiming to have control over Annie's survival, Earle attempts to blackmail Cooper into offering Earle his soul, and stabs him in the Lodge, but BOB, who says that Earle cannot ask for souls, turns back time to stop this and presumably takes Earle's soul for himself.
Dramatically, Earle represents the dark counterpoint of Cooper: an FBI agent, once pure and following a code representing good, ultimately being corrupted and pursuing evil; the implication being that even a pure soul like Cooper can wind up like Earle, as the Cooper doppelgänger represents.
^ Lara Flynn Boyle portrayed Donna in the television series; Moira Kelly took over the role in the film.
^ Robert Davenport portrayed Johnny in the pilot; Robert Bauer took over the role in later episodes, Eric Rondell took over in Season 3.
^ Austin Jack Lynch, son of David Lynch, portrayed Pierre in the television series, while Jonathan J. Leppell took over the role in the film.
^ a b c d e Rodley, Chris (1997). "Lynch on Lynch". Faber & Faber.
^ Potton, Ed (2010-03-20). "David Lynch's Twin Peaks 20 years on". The Times. London. Retrieved 2013-02-11.
^ "Twin Peaks Trading Cards". Lynch Net. Retrieved 10 June 2017.
^ YouTube - Twin Peaks - "Damn Boxes!!!"
^ "Dr. Jacoby from "Twin Peaks" is based on Terence McKenna, the American psychedelic guru". 15 May 2017.
^ Dery, Mark (2000). The Pyrotechnic Insanitarium. Grove Press. p. 227. ISBN 0-8021-3670-2. Retrieved 2008-12-10.
^ Stewart 2007, p. 56.
^ Marcus, Greil (2007). The Shape of Things to Come. Macmillan. pp. 163–164. ISBN 0-312-42642-9. Retrieved 2008-12-10.
^ Lavery, David (1995). Full of Secrets. Wayne State University Press. pp. 123–124. ISBN 0-8143-2506-8. Retrieved 2008-12-10.
^ "Invitation to Love (TWIN PEAKS Character Series #66)".
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Twin_Peaks_characters&oldid=897322617"
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This article is about the date May 1. For the labor-related holiday, see International Workers' Day. For the traditional holiday, see May Day.
Not to be confused with May I?.
May 1 is the 121st day of the year (122nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. 244 days remain until the end of the year.
EventsEdit
0475 BC – Roman consul Publius Valerius Poplicola celebrates a Roman triumph for his victory over Veii and the Sabines.
0305 – Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman emperor.
0524 – King Sigismund of Burgundy is executed at Orléans after an 8-year reign and is succeeded by his brother Godomar.
0880 – The Nea Ekklesia is inaugurated in Constantinople, setting the model for all later cross-in-square Orthodox churches.
1169 – Norman mercenaries land at Bannow Bay in Leinster, marking the beginning of the Norman invasion of Ireland.
1328 – Wars of Scottish Independence end: By the Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton the Kingdom of England recognises the Kingdom of Scotland as an independent state.
1455 – Battle of Arkinholm, Royal forces end the Black Douglas hegemony in Scotland.
1576 – Stephen Báthory, the reigning Prince of Transylvania, marries Anna Jagiellon and they become co-rulers of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
1707 – The Act of Union joining the Kingdom of England and Kingdom of Scotland to form the Kingdom of Great Britain takes effect.
1753 – Publication of Species Plantarum by Linnaeus, and the formal start date of plant taxonomy adopted by the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature.
1759 – Josiah Wedgwood founds the Wedgwood pottery company in Great Britain.[1]
1776 – Establishment of the Illuminati in Ingolstadt (Upper Bavaria), by Jesuit-taught Adam Weishaupt.
1778 – American Revolution: The Battle of Crooked Billet begins in Hatboro, Pennsylvania.
1786 – In Vienna, Austria, Mozart's opera The Marriage of Figaro is performed for the first time.[2]
1794 – War of the Pyrenees: The Battle of Boulou ends, in which French forces defeat the Spanish and regain nearly all the land they lost to Spain in 1793.
1820 – Execution of the Cato Street Conspirators, who plotted to kill the British Cabinet and Prime Minister Lord Liverpool.[3]
1840 – The Penny Black, the first official adhesive postage stamp, is issued in the United Kingdom.
1844 – Hong Kong Police Force, the world's second modern police force and Asia's first, is established.
1846 – The few remaining Mormons left in Nauvoo, Illinois, formally dedicate the Nauvoo Temple.
1851 – Queen Victoria opens The Great Exhibition at The Crystal Palace in London.
1856 – The Province of Isabela was created in the Philippines in honor of Queen Isabela II.
1862 – American Civil War: The Union Army completes its capture of New Orleans.
1863 – American Civil War: The Battle of Chancellorsville begins.[4]
1865 – The Empire of Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay sign the Treaty of the Triple Alliance.
1866 – The Memphis Race Riots begin. In three days time, 46 blacks and two whites were killed. Reports of the atrocities influenced passage of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.[5]
1869 – The Folies Bergère opens in Paris.
1875 – Alexandra Palace reopens after being burned down in a fire in 1873.
1884 – The Federation of Organized Trades and Labor Unions demands the eight-hour workday in the United States.[6]
1884 – Moses Fleetwood Walker becomes the first black person to play in a professional baseball game in the United States.
1885 – The original Chicago Board of Trade Building opens for business.
1886 – Rallies are held throughout the United States demanding the eight-hour work day, culminating in the Haymarket affair in Chicago, in commemoration of which May 1 is celebrated as International Workers' Day in many countries.
1893 – The World's Columbian Exposition opens in Chicago.[7]
1894 – Coxey's Army, the first significant American protest march, arrives in Washington, D.C.[8]
1898 – Spanish–American War: Battle of Manila Bay: The Asiatic Squadron of the United States Navy destroys the Pacific Squadron of the Spanish Navy after a seven-hour battle. Spain loses all seven of its ships, and 381 Spanish sailors die. There are no American vessel losses or combat deaths.[9]
1900 – The Scofield Mine disaster kills over 200 men in Scofield, Utah in what is to date the fifth-worst mining accident in United States history.
1915 – The RMS Lusitania departs from New York City on her 202nd, and final, crossing of the North Atlantic. Six days later, the ship is torpedoed off the coast of Ireland with the loss of 1,198 lives.
1919 – German troops enter Munich to squash the Bavarian Soviet Republic.
1925 – The All-China Federation of Trade Unions is officially founded. Today it is the largest trade union in the world, with 134 million members.
1927 – The Union Labor Life Insurance Company is founded by the American Federation of Labor.[10]
1929 – The 7.2 Mw Kopet Dag earthquake shakes the Iran–Turkmenistan border region with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent), killing up to 3,800 and injuring 1,121.
1930 – "Pluto" is officially proposed by the for the name of the newly-discovered dwarf planet Pluto by Vesto Slipher in the Lowell Observtory Observation Circular. The name quickly catches on.[11]
1931 – The Empire State Building is dedicated in New York City.
1941 – World War II: German forces launch a major attack during the siege of Tobruk.
1944 – World War II: Two hundred Communist prisoners are shot by the Germans at Kaisariani, Athens in reprisal for the killing of General Franz Krech by partisans at Molaoi.
1945 – World War II: A German newsreader officially announces that Adolf Hitler has "fallen at his command post in the Reich Chancellery fighting to the last breath against Bolshevism and for Germany". The Soviet flag is raised over the Reich Chancellery, by order of Stalin.
1945 – World War II: Nazi propaganda minister Joseph Goebbels and his wife Magda commit suicide in the Reich Garden outside the Führerbunker. Their children are also killed by having cyanide pills inserted into their mouths by their mother, Magda.
1945 – World War II: Forces of the Soviet Red Army liberate Allied prisoners of war imprisoned at Stalag Luft I near Barth, Germany.
1945 – World War II: Up to 2,500 people die in a mass suicide in Demmin following the advance of the Red Army.
1945 – World War II: Yugoslav Partisans liberate Trieste.
1946 – Start of three-year Pilbara strike of Indigenous Australians.
1946 – The Paris Peace Conference concludes that the islands of the Dodecanese should be returned to Greece by Italy.
1947 – Portella della Ginestra massacre against May Day celebrations in Sicily by the bandit and separatist leader Salvatore Giuliano where 11 persons are killed and 33 wounded.
1956 – The polio vaccine developed by Jonas Salk is made available to the public.
1956 – A doctor in Japan reports an "epidemic of an unknown disease of the central nervous system", marking the official discovery of Minamata disease.
1957 – Thirty-four people are killed when a Vickers Viking airliner crashes in Hampshire, England.
1960 – Formation of the western Indian states of Gujarat and Maharashtra; also known as "Maharashtra Day".
1960 – Cold War: U-2 incident: Francis Gary Powers, in a Lockheed U-2 spyplane, is shot down over the Sverdlovsk Oblast, Soviet Union, sparking a diplomatic crisis.
1961 – The Prime Minister of Cuba, Fidel Castro, proclaims Cuba a socialist nation and abolishes elections.
1965 – Cross-Strait relations: Battle of Dong-Yin, a naval conflict between ROC and PRC, takes place.
1967 – Elvis Presley and Priscilla Beaulieu are married in Las Vegas.
1970 – Vietnam War: Protests erupt following the announcement by Richard Nixon that the U.S. and South Vietnamese forces would attack Vietnamese communists in a Cambodian Campaign.
1971 – Amtrak (the National Railroad Passenger Corporation) takes over operation of U.S. passenger rail service.[12]
1974 – The Argentine terrorist organization Montoneros is expelled from Plaza de Mayo by president Juan Perón.
1977 – Thirty-six people are killed in Taksim Square, Istanbul, during the Labour Day celebrations.
1978 – Japan's Naomi Uemura, travelling by dog sled, becomes the first person to reach the North Pole alone.
1982 – Operation Black Buck: The Royal Air Force attacks the Argentine Air Force during Falklands War.
1983 – The Sydney Entertainment Centre is opened.
1987 – Pope John Paul II beatifies Edith Stein, a Jewish-born Carmelite nun who was gassed in the Nazi concentration camp at Auschwitz.
1989 – Disney-MGM Studios opens at Walt Disney World near Orlando, Florida, United States.
1990 – The former Philippine Episcopal Church (supervised by the Episcopal Church of the United States of America) is granted full autonomy and raised to the status of an Autocephalous Anglican Province and renamed the Episcopal Church in the Philippines.
1993 – Dingiri Banda Wijetunga became president of Sri Lanka automatically after killing of R Premadasa in LTTE bomb explosion.
1994 – Three-time Formula One world champion Ayrton Senna is killed in an accident whilst leading the San Marino Grand Prix at Imola.
1995 – Croatian War of Independence: Croatian forces launch Operation Flash.
1999 – The body of British climber George Mallory is found on Mount Everest, 75 years after his disappearance in 1924.[13]
1999 – SpongeBob SquarePants premieres on Nickelodeon.[14]
2001 – Philippine President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo declares the existence of "a state of rebellion", hours after thousands of supporters of her arrested predecessor, Joseph Estrada, storm towards the presidential palace at the height of the EDSA III rebellion.
2002 – OpenOffice.org released version 1.0, the first stable version of the software.
2003 – Invasion of Iraq: In what becomes known as the "Mission Accomplished" speech, on board the USS Abraham Lincoln (off the coast of California), U.S. President George W. Bush declares that "major combat operations in Iraq have ended".
2004 – Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia join the European Union, celebrated at the residence of the Irish President in Dublin.
2009 – Same-sex marriage is legalized in Sweden.
2011 – Pope John Paul II is beatified by his successor, Pope Benedict XVI.
2019 – Naxalite attack in Gadchiroli district: 16 army soldiers, including a driver, killed in an IED blast. Naxals targeted an anti-Naxal operations team.[15]
BirthsEdit
1218 – John I, Count of Hainaut (d. 1257)
1218 – Rudolf I of Germany (d. 1291)[16]
1285 – Edmund FitzAlan, 9th Earl of Arundel, English politician (d. 1326)
1326 – Rinchinbal Khan, Mongolian emperor (d. 1332)
1488 – Sidonie of Bavaria, eldest daughter of Duke Albrecht IV of Bavaria-Munich (d. 1505)
1527 – Johannes Stadius, German astronomer, astrologer, mathematician (d. 1579)
1545 – Franciscus Junius, French theologian (d. 1602)
1579 – Wolphert Gerretse, Dutch-American farmer, co-founded New Netherland (d. 1662)
1582 – Marco da Gagliano, Italian composer (d. 1643)
1585 – Sophia Olelkovich Radziwill, Belarusian saint (d. 1612)
1591 – Johann Adam Schall von Bell, German missionary and astronomer (d. 1666)
1594 – John Haynes, English-American politician, 1st Governor of the Colony of Connecticut (d. 1653)
1602 – William Lilly, English astrologer (d. 1681)
1672 – Joseph Addison, English essayist, poet, playwright, and politician (d. 1719)
1730 – Joshua Rowley, English admiral (d. 1790)
1735 – Jan Hendrik van Kinsbergen, Dutch admiral and philanthropist (d. 1819)
1751 – Judith Sargent Murray, American poet and playwright (d. 1820)
1764 – Benjamin Henry Latrobe, English-American architect, designed the United States Capitol (d. 1820)
1769 – Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, Irish-English field marshal and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1852)
1783 – Phoebe Hinsdale Brown, American hymnwriter (d. 1861)[17]
1803 – James Clarence Mangan, Irish poet and author (d. 1849)
1821 – Henry Ayers, English-Australian politician, 8th Premier of South Australia (d. 1897)
1824 – Alexander William Williamson, English chemist and academic (d. 1904)
1825 – Johann Jakob Balmer, Swiss mathematician and physicist (d. 1898)
1825 – George Inness, American painter and educator (d. 1894)
1827 – Jules Breton, French painter (d. 1906)
1829 – José de Alencar, Brazilian author and playwright (d. 1877)
1829 – Frederick Sandys, English painter and illustrator (d. 1904)
1830 – Guido Gezelle, Belgian priest and poet (d. 1899)
1831 – Emily Stowe, Canadian physician and activist (d. 1903)
1847 – Henry Demarest Lloyd, American journalist and politician (d. 1903)
1848 – Adelsteen Normann, Norwegian painter (d. 1919)
1850 – Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn (d. 1942)
1851 – Laza Lazarević, Serbian psychiatrist and neurologist (d. 1891)
1852 – Calamity Jane, American frontierswoman and professional scout (d. 1903)
1852 – Santiago Ramón y Cajal, Spanish neuroscientist and pathologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1934)
1853 – Jacob Mikhailovich Gordin, Jewish Ukrainian-American journalist, actor, and playwright (d. 1909)
1855 – Cecilia Beaux, American painter and academic (d. 1942)[18]
1857 – Theo van Gogh, Dutch art dealer (d. 1891)
1859 – Jacqueline Comerre-Paton, French painter and sculptor (d. 1955)
1862 – Marcel Prévost, French novelist and playwright (d. 1941)
1864 – Anna Jarvis, American founder of Mother's Day (d. 1948)[19]
1871 – Seakle Greijdanus, Dutch theologian and scholar (d. 1948)
1871 – Emiliano Chamorro Vargas, President of Nicaragua (d. 1966)
1872 – Hugo Alfvén, Swedish composer, conductor, violinist, and painter (d. 1960)
1872 – Sidónio Pais, Portuguese soldier and politician, 4th President of Portugal (d. 1918)
1874 – Romaine Brooks, American-French painter and illustrator (d. 1970)
1874 – Paul Van Asbroeck, Belgian target shooter (d. 1959)
1875 – Dave Hall, American runner (d. 1972)
1881 – Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, French priest, palaeontologist, and philosopher (d. 1955)
1884 – Francis Curzon, 5th Earl Howe, English race car driver and politician (d. 1964)
1885 – Clément Pansaers, Belgian poet (d. 1922)
1885 – Ralph Stackpole, American sculptor and painter (d. 1973)
1887 – Alan Cunningham, Anglo-Irish general and diplomat, High Commissioners for Palestine and Transjordan (d. 1983)
1891 – Lillian Estelle Fisher, American historian of Spanish America (d. 1988)[20]
1895 – Nikolai Yezhov, Soviet secret police official, head of the NKVD (d. 1940)
1896 – Herbert Backe, German agronomist and politician (d. 1947)
1896 – Mark W. Clark, American general (d. 1984)
1896 – J. Lawton Collins, American general (d. 1987)
1898 – Alfred Schmidt, Estonian weightlifter (d. 1972)
1900 – Ignazio Silone, Italian journalist and politician (d. 1978)
1900 – Aleksander Wat, Polish poet and writer (d. 1967)
1901 – Sterling Allen Brown, American poet, academic, and critic (d. 1989)
1901 – Heinz Eric Roemheld, American pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1985)
1901 – Antal Szerb, Hungarian scholar and author (d. 1945)
1905 – Henry Koster, German-American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1988)
1906 – Horst Schumann, German SS officer and physician (d. 1983)
1907 – Hayes Alvis, American bassist (d. 1972)
1907 – Kate Smith, American singer and actress (d. 1986)
1908 – Giovannino Guareschi, Italian journalist and author (d. 1968)
1908 – Morris Kline, American mathematician and academic (d. 1992)
1909 – Endel Puusepp, Estonian-Soviet military pilot and politician (d. 1996)
1909 – Yiannis Ritsos, Greek poet and playwright (d. 1990)
1910 – Behice Boran, Turkish sociologist and politician (d. 1987)
1910 – Raya Dunayevskaya, Ukrainian-American philosopher and activist (d. 1987)
1910 – Dirk Andries Flentrop, Dutch organ builder (d. 2003)
1910 – J. Allen Hynek, American astronomer and ufologist (d. 1986)
1910 – Nejdet Sançar, Turkish literature teacher (d. 1975)
1911 – Wilfred Watson, English-Canadian poet, playwright and educator (d. 1998)
1912 – Otto Kretschmer, German admiral (d. 1998)
1913 – Louis Nye, American actor (d. 2005)
1913 – Walter Susskind, Czech-English pianist, conductor, and educator (d. 1980)
1914 – Jaap van der Poll, Dutch javelin thrower (d. 2010)
1915 – Hanns Martin Schleyer, German businessman (d. 1977)
1916 – Antoni Bazaniak, Polish sprint canoeist (d. 1979)
1916 – Glenn Ford, Canadian-American actor and producer (d. 2006)
1917 – John Beradino, American baseball player and actor (d. 1996)
1917 – Ulric Cross, Trinidadian navigator, judge, and diplomat (d. 2013)
1917 – Danielle Darrieux, French actress and singer (d. 2017)
1917 – Ahron Soloveichik, Russian rabbi and scholar (d. 2001)
1918 – Gersh Budker, Ukrainian-Russian physicist and academic (d. 1977)
1918 – Jack Paar, American comedian, author and talk show host (d. 2004)
1919 – Manna Dey, Indian singer and composer (d. 2013)
1919 – Mohammed Karim Lamrani, Moroccan businessman and politician, 7th Prime Minister of Morocco (d. 2018)
1919 – Dan O'Herlihy, Irish-American actor (d. 2005)
1921 – Vladimir Colin, Romanian journalist and author (d. 1991)
1922 – Alastair Gillespie, Canadian scholar and politician (d. 2018)
1923 – Joseph Heller, American novelist, short story writer, and playwright (d. 1999)
1923 – Antônio Maria Mucciolo, Italian-Brazilian archbishop (d. 2012)
1923 – Marcel Rayman, Polish soldier (d. 1944)
1924 – Evelyn Boyd Granville, American mathematician, computer scientist, and academic[21]
1924 – Karel Kachyňa, Czech director and screenwriter (d. 2004)
1924 – Terry Southern, American novelist, essayist, and screenwriter (d. 1995)
1925 – Chuck Bednarik, American lieutenant and football player (d. 2015)
1925 – Scott Carpenter, American commander, pilot, and astronaut (d. 2013)
1925 – Sardar Fazlul Karim, Bangladeshi philosopher, scholar, and academic (d. 2014)
1926 – Peter Lax, Hungarian-American mathematician and academic
1927 – Gary Bertini, Israeli conductor and composer (d. 2005)
1927 – Laura Betti, Italian actress (d. 2004)[22]
1927 – Albert Zafy, Malagasy politician, 3rd President of Madagascar (d. 2017)
1927 – Bernard Vukas, Yugoslav-Croatian footballer (d. 1983)
1928 – Sonny James, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2016)
1928 – Delfim Netto, Brazilian economist
1929 – Ralf Dahrendorf, German-English sociologist and politician (d. 2009)
1929 – Sonny Ramadhin, Trinidadian cricketer
1930 – Ollie Matson, American sprinter and football player (d. 2011)
1930 – Richard Riordan, American lieutenant and politician, 39th Mayor of Los Angeles and publisher
1930 – Little Walter Jacobs, American blues harp player and singer (d. 1968)
1931 – Naim Attallah, Palestinian author
1932 – Sandy Woodward, English admiral (d. 2013)
1934 – Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas, Mexican politician
1934 – Tang Chang, Thai artist (d. 1990)
1934 – Shirley Horn, American singer and pianist (d. 2005)
1934 – Phillip King, Tunisian-English sculptor
1934 – John Meillon, Australian actor (d. 1989)
1936 – Danièle Huillet, French filmmaker (d. 2006)
1936 – Hans E. Wallman, Swedish director, producer, and composer (d. 2014)
1937 – Una Stubbs, English actress and dancer
1939 – Judy Collins, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1939 – Wilhelmina Cooper, Dutch model (d. 1980)
1939 – Victor Davies, Canadian pianist, composer, and conductor
1943 – Vassal Gadoengin, Nauruan politician (d. 2004)
1943 – Joe Walsh, Irish politician, Minister for Agriculture, Food and the Marine (d. 2014)
1945 – Rita Coolidge, American singer-songwriter
1945 – Carson Whitsett, American keyboard player, songwriter, and producer (d. 2007)
1946 – Joanna Lumley, English actress, voice-over artist, author, and activist
1946 – John Woo, Hong Kong director, producer, and screenwriter
1947 – Jacob Bekenstein, Mexican-born Israeli-American theoretical physicist (d. 2015)
1947 – Sergio Infante, Chilean-Swedish poet and author
1948 – Györgyi Balogh, Hungarian sprinter
1948 – Patricia Hill Collins, American sociologist and scholar
1949 – Jim Clench, Canadian bass player (d. 2010)
1949 – Tim Hodgkinson, English saxophonist, clarinet player, and composer
1949 – Paul Teutul, Sr., American motorcycle designer, co-founded Orange County Choppers
1950 – Dann Florek, American actor and director
1950 – Danny McGrain, Scottish footballer and coach
1951 – Gordon Greenidge, Barbadian cricketer and coach
1951 – Geoff Lees, English race car driver
1951 – Sally Mann, American photographer
1952 – Richard Blundell, English economist and academic
1952 – Kim Lewison, English lawyer and judge
1952 – Peter Smith, Malaysian-born English academic and judge
1953 – Glen Ballard, American songwriter and producer
1954 – Ray Parker, Jr., American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
1954 – Joel Rosenberg, Canadian-American author and activist (d. 2011)
1955 – Alex Cunningham, Scottish politician
1955 – Martin O'Donnell, American composer
1955 – Ray Searage, American baseball player and coach
1956 – Catherine Frot, French actress[23]
1956 – Phil Foglio, American illustrator
1957 – Rick Darling, Australian cricketer
1957 – Uberto Pasolini, Italian banker, director, and producer
1959 – Yasmina Reza, French actress and playwright
1959 – Lawrence Seeff, South African cricketer and basket weaver
1960 – Steve Cauthen, American jockey and sportscaster
1961 – Sultan Günal-Gezer, Dutch politician
1961 – Clint Malarchuk, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
1961 – Marilyn Milian, American judge
1961 – Vasiliy Sidorenko, Russian hammer thrower
1962 – Maia Morgenstern, Romanian actress
1962 – Ted Sundquist, American football player, coach, and manager
1964 – Yvonne van Gennip, Dutch speed skater
1966 – Olaf Thon, German footballer and manager
1967 – Tim McGraw, American singer-songwriter and actor
1968 – Oliver Bierhoff, German footballer and manager
1968 – D'arcy Wretzky, American bass player and singer (Smashing Pumpkins)
1969 – Wes Anderson, American director, producer, and screenwriter
1969 – Mary Lou McDonald, Irish politician[25]
1969 – Billy Owens, American basketball player
1970 – Bernard Butler, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
1971 – Ethan Albright, American football player
1971 – Stuart Appleby, Australian golfer
1971 – Kim Grant, South African tennis player
1971 – Artur Kohutek, Polish hurdler and soldier
1971 – Ajith Kumar, Indian film actor in Tamil cinema and race car driver
1972 – Ramzi bin al-Shibh, Yemeni terrorist
1972 – Julie Benz, American actress
1972 – Yoon Hae-young, South Korean actress[26]
1973 – Mike Jesse, German footballer
1973 – Curtis Martin, American football player
1973 – Oliver Neuville, German footballer
1975 – Austin Croshere, American basketball player and sportscaster
1975 – Marc-Vivien Foé, Cameroonian footballer (d. 2003)
1975 – Nina Hossain, English journalist
1975 – Alexey Smertin, Russian footballer
1976 – Patricia Stokkers, Dutch swimmer
1977 – Vera Lischka, Austrian swimmer and politician
1978 – James Badge Dale, American actor
1979 – Mauro Bergamasco, Italian rugby player
1979 – Roman Lyashenko, Russian ice hockey player (d. 2003)
1980 – Marvin Cabrera, Mexican footballer
1980 – Rob Davison, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
1980 – Inês Henriques, Portuguese race walker
1980 – Jan Heylen, Belgian race car driver
1980 – Jay Reatard, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2010)
1980 – Yuliya Tabakova, Russian athlete
1981 – Manny Acosta, Panamanian baseball player
1981 – Derek Asamoah, Ghanaian footballer
1981 – Alexander Hleb, Belarusian footballer
1981 – Wes Welker, American football player
1982 – Beto, Portuguese footballer
1982 – Jamie Dornan, Northern Irish model and actor
1982 – Mark Farren, Irish footballer (d. 2016)
1982 – Katya Zamolodchikova, American drag queen
1982 – Tommy Robredo, Spanish tennis player
1982 – Darijo Srna, Croatian footballer
1983 – Alain Bernard, French swimmer
1983 – Human Tornado, American wrestler
1983 – Park Hae-jin, South Korean actor[27]
1984 – David Backes, American ice hockey player
1984 – Mišo Brečko, Slovenian footballer
1984 – Patrick Eaves, American ice hockey player
1984 – Alexander Farnerud, Swedish footballer
1984 – Farah Fath, American actress
1984 – Keiichiro Koyama, Japanese singer and actor
1984 – Víctor Montaño, Colombian footballer
1984 – Mark Seaby, Australian footballer
1985 – Shahriar Nafees, Bangladeshi cricketer
1986 – Christian Benítez, Ecuadorian footballer (d. 2013)
1986 – Adam Casey, Australian footballer
1986 – Jesse Klaver, Dutch politician
1986 – Lee Chang-min, South Korean singer (2AM)
1986 – Brent Stanton, Australian footballer
1987 – Leonardo Bonucci, Italian footballer
1987 – Glen Coffee, American football player
1987 – Iván DeJesús Jr., Puerto Rican baseball player
1987 – Marcus Drum, Australian footballer
1987 – Amir Johnson, American basketball player
1987 – Ryan Mathews, American football player
1987 – Saidi Ntibazonkiza, Burundian footballer
1987 – Shahar Pe'er, Israeli tennis player
1988 – Maria Balaba, Latvian figure skater
1988 – Maxim Gustik, Belarusian freestyle skier
1988 – Teodor Peterson, Swedish cross-country skier
1989 – Alejandro Arribas, Spanish footballer
1989 – Poļina Jeļizarova, Latvian runner
1990 – Uriel Álvarez, Mexican footballer
1990 – Caitlin Stasey, Australian actress[28]
1990 – Diego Contento, German footballer
1990 – Scooter Gennett, American baseball player
1991 – Marcus Stroman, American baseball player
1991 – Daniel Talbot, British sprinter
1992 – Trevor Philp, Canadian alpine skier
1992 – Bradley Roby, American football player
1993 – Jean-Christophe Bahebeck, French footballer
1994 – Wallace, Brazilian footballer
1995 – Collin Seedorf, Dutch footballer
1996 – Christopher J. Alexis Jr., Grenadian road cyclist
1996 – Daniel Saifiti, Australian-Fijian rugby league player
1996 – Jacob Saifiti, Australian-Fijian rugby league player
1996 – Michael Seaton, Jamaican footballer
DeathsEdit
408 – Arcadius, Byzantine emperor (b. 377)
558 – Marcouf, missionary and saint
908 – Wang Zongji, Chinese prince and pretender
1118 – Matilda of Scotland (b. 1080)
1171 – Diarmait Mac Murchada, King of Leinster (b. 1110)
1187 – Roger de Moulins, Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller
1255 – Walter de Gray, English prelate and statesman
1277 – Stefan Uroš I of Serbia (b. 1223)
1278 – William II of Villehardouin
1308 – Albert I of Germany (b. 1255)
1539 – Isabella of Portugal (b. 1503)
1555 – Pope Marcellus II (b. 1501)
1572 – Pope Pius V (b. 1504)
1668 – Frans Luycx, Flemish painter (b. 1604)
1730 – François de Troy, French painter and engraver (b. 1645)[29]
1731 – Johann Ludwig Bach, German violinist and composer (b. 1677)
1738 – Charles Howard, 3rd Earl of Carlisle, English politician, First Lord of the Treasury (b. 1669)
1772 – Gottfried Achenwall, Polish-German historian, economist, and jurist (b. 1719)
1813 – Jean-Baptiste Bessières, French general (b. 1768)
1838 – Antoine Louis Dugès, French obstetrician and naturalist (b. 1797)
1856 – John Wilbur, American minister and theologian (b. 1774)
1873 – David Livingstone, Scottish-English missionary and explorer (b. 1813)
1899 – Ludwig Büchner, German physiologist and physician (b. 1824)
1904 – Antonín Dvořák, Czech composer and academic (b. 1841)
1913 – John Barclay Armstrong, American lieutenant (b. 1850)
1920 – Princess Margaret of Connaught (b. 1882)
1935 – Henri Pélissier, French cyclist (b. 1889)
1943 – Johan Oscar Smith, Norwegian religious leader, founded the Brunstad Christian Church (b. 1871)
1945 – Joseph Goebbels, German lawyer and politician, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1897)
1945 – Magda Goebbels, German wife of Joseph Goebbels (b. 1901)
1953 – Everett Shinn, American painter and illustrator (b. 1876)
1956 – LeRoy Samse, American pole vaulter (b. 1883)
1960 – Charles Holden, English architect, designed the Bristol Central Library (b. 1875)
1963 – Lope K. Santos, Filipino lawyer and politician (b. 1879)
1965 – Spike Jones, American singer and bandleader (b. 1911)
1968 – Jack Adams, Canadian-American ice hockey player, coach, and manager (b. 1895)
1968 – Harold Nicolson, English author and politician (b. 1886)
1970 – Yi Un, Korean prince (b. 1897)
1973 – Asger Jorn, Danish painter and sculptor (b. 1914)
1976 – T. R. M. Howard, American surgeon and activist (b. 1908)
1976 – Alexandros Panagoulis, Greek poet and politician (b. 1939)
1978 – Aram Khachaturian, Georgian-Armenian composer and conductor (b. 1903)
1982 – William Primrose, Scottish viola player and educator (b. 1903)
1984 – Jüri Lossmann, Estonian-Swedish runner (b. 1891)
1985 – Denise Robins, English journalist and author (b. 1897)
1986 – Hylda Baker, English comedian, actress and music hall performer (b. 1905)
1986 – Hugo Peretti, American songwriter and producer (b. 1916)
1988 – Ben Lexcen, Australian sailor and architect (b. 1936)
1989 – Sally Kirkland, American journalist (b. 1912)
1989 – V. M. Panchalingam, Sri Lankan civil servant (b. 1930)
1989 – Patrice Tardif, Canadian farmer and politician (b. 1904)
1990 – Sergio Franchi, Italian-American tenor and actor (b. 1926)
1991 – Richard Thorpe, American director and screenwriter (b. 1896)
1993 – Pierre Bérégovoy, French metallurgist and politician, Prime Minister of France (b. 1925)
1993 – Ranasinghe Premadasa, Sri Lankan politician, 3rd President of Sri Lanka (b. 1924)
1994 – Ayrton Senna, Brazilian race car driver (b. 1960)
1995 – Antonio Salemme, Italian-American painter (b. 1892)
1997 – Fernand Dumont, Canadian sociologist, philosopher, and poet (b. 1927)
1998 – Eldridge Cleaver, American author and activist (b. 1935)
2000 – Steve Reeves, American bodybuilder and actor (b. 1926)
2002 – Ebrahim Al-Arrayedh, Indian poet and author (b. 1908)
2003 – Miss Elizabeth, American wrestler and manager (b. 1960)
2003 – Wim van Est, Dutch cyclist (b. 1923)
2005 – Kenneth Clark, American psychologist and academic (b. 1914)
2008 – Anthony Mamo, Maltese judge and politician, 1st President of Malta (b. 1909)
2008 – Philipp von Boeselager, German soldier and economist (b. 1917)
2010 – Helen Wagner, American actress (b. 1918)
2011 – Henry Cooper, English boxer (b. 1934)
2011 – Ted Lowe, English sportscaster (b. 1920)
2012 – James Kinley, Canadian engineer and politician, 29th Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia (b. 1925)
2012 – Mordechai Virshubski, German-Israeli lawyer and politician (b. 1930)
2013 – Chris Kelly, American rapper (b. 1978)
2013 – Pierre Pleimelding, French footballer and manager (b. 1952)
2014 – Adamu Atta, Nigerian lawyer and politician, 5th Governor of Kwara State (b. 1927)
2014 – Radhia Cousot, Tunisian-American computer scientist and academic (b. 1947)
2014 – Assi Dayan, Israeli actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1945)
2014 – Juan de Dios Castillo, Mexican footballer and coach (b. 1951)
2015 – Geoff Duke, English-Manx motorcycle racer (b. 1923)
2015 – Vafa Guluzade, Azerbaijani political scientist, academic, and diplomat (b. 1940)
2015 – María Elena Velasco, Mexican actress, singer, director, and screenwriter (b. 1940)
2015 – Grace Lee Whitney, American actress (b. 1930)
Holidays and observancesEdit
Andeolus
Augustin Schoeffler, Jean-Louis Bonnard (part of Vietnamese Martyrs)
Benedict of Szkalka
Brioc
James the Less (Anglican Communion)
Joseph the Worker (Roman Catholic)
Blessed Klymentiy Sheptytsky (Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
Marcouf
Philip the Apostle (Anglican Communion, Lutheran Church)
Richard Pampuri
Sigismund of Burgundy
Ultan
May 1 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Earliest day on which Mother's Day can fall, while May 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Monday in May. (Samoa)
Earliest day on which Mother's Day can fall, while May 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Sunday in May. (Hong Kong, Hungary, Lithuania, Mozambique, Portugal, Spain, Romania)
Earliest day on which National Day of Prayer can fall, while May 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Thursday in May. (United States)
Earliest day on which World Asthma Day can fall, while May 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Tuesday in May. (International)
Armed Forces Day (Mauritania)
Constitution Day (Argentina, Latvia, Marshall Islands)
Commemoration of the states of Maharashtra and Gujarat following the foundation of Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti (India):
Gujarat Day
International Sunflower Guerrilla Gardening Day
Lei Day (Hawaii)
International Workers' Day or Labour Day (International), and its related observances:
Earliest day on which Labour Day can fall, while May 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Monday of May. (Barbados, Dominica)
Law Day (United States), formerly intended to counterbalance the celebration of Labour Day. (United States)
Loyalty Day, formerly intended to counterbalance the celebration of Labour Day. (United States)
May Day (beginning of Summer) observances in the Northern hemisphere (see April 30):
Beltane (Ireland, Scotland, Isle of Man, Celtic neopagans and Wiccans in the Northern hemisphere)
Earliest day on which Beltane can fall, while May 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Monday in May. (Ireland, Scotland)
Calan Mai (Wales)
Samhain (Celtic neopagans and Wiccans in the Southern Hemisphere)
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^ Boyden, Matthew; Kimberley, Nick; Staines, Joe (2002). The Rough Guide to Opera. London: Rough Guides. p. 101. ISBN 978-1-85828-749-2.
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^ O'Reilly, Angela (2010). Encyclopedia of Motherhood. 1. Los Angeles: Sage. p. 602. ISBN 978-1-4129-6846-1.
^ "Fisher". The Pennsylvania State University. Retrieved 10 July 2019.
^ Grinstein, Louise S.; Campbell, Paul J. (1987). Women of Mathematics : a Biobibliographic Sourcebook. New York: Greenwood Press. p. 66. ISBN 978-0-3132-4849-8.
^ Lentz, Harris M. (2005). Obituaries in the Performing Arts. Jefferson NC: MacFarlane. p. 43. ISBN 978-0-7864-2103-9.
^ Rédaction, La. "Catherine Frot : biographie courte, dates, citations". www.linternaute.fr (in French). Retrieved 29 April 2019.
^ ‹See Tfd›(in Dutch) S. (Sultan) Günal-Gezer (in Dutch), Parlement & Politiek. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
^ "Mary Lou MACDONALD". European Parliament. Retrieved 10 July 2019.
^ "KMDb - 한국영화데이터베이스". www.kmdb.or.kr. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
^ "Park Hae-jin (박해진, Korean actor, singer)". HanCinema. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
^ King, Darryn (24 September 2015). "Caitlin Stasey - Actor Filmography، photos، Video". elCinema.com. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
^ "Troy, François de". Benezit Dictionary of Artists. doi:10.1093/benz/9780199773787.article.B00185626 – via Oxford Art Online.
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Find sources: "Paul McGann" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (October 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Paul John McGann (born 14 November 1959) is an English actor. He came to prominence for portraying Percy Toplis in the 1986 television serial The Monocled Mutineer. He later starred in the 1987 dark comedy Withnail and I, and as the eighth incarnation of the Doctor in the 1996 Doctor Who television film, a role he has since reprised in more than 70 audio dramas and the 2013 mini-episode "The Night of the Doctor". McGann is also known for playing Lieutenant William Bush in the Hornblower TV series.
McGann at the Florida SuperCon, June 2015
Paul John McGann
(1959-11-14) 14 November 1959 (age 59)
Liverpool, England
Annie Milner
Joseph McGann
Jake McGann
Joe McGann (brother)
Stephen McGann (brother)
Mark McGann (brother)
McGann was born in 1959 in Liverpool,[1] into a Roman Catholic family of Irish origin.[2][3] His mother, Claire, was a teacher, and his father was a metallurgist.[4] His cousin Ritchie Routledge was in the 1960s band The Cryin' Shames.[5] McGann's parents encouraged him and his siblings to develop their talents from an early age.[citation needed]
McGann's talents were further developed when he attended Cardinal Allen Grammar School in West Derby, Liverpool. He was 17 and working in a shoe shop when, acting on the advice of one of his teachers, McGann successfully auditioned for a place on the acting course at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art.[5] In 1980 the Principal of RADA, Hugh Cruttwell, selected a scene from an adaptation of William Shakespeare's Macbeth, which McGann co-wrote with Bruce Payne, to be performed in front of Queen Elizabeth II, in one of her rare visits to the academy. Kenneth Branagh performed a soliloquy from Hamlet at the same event.[6]
McGann's brother Joseph was born in 1958 and he has three younger siblings: Mark (born in 1961), Stephen (born in 1963) and Clare McGann (born in 1965). All three of his brothers are also actors and the four of them starred together (as four brothers) in the 1995 TV serial The Hanging Gale about the Irish Famine. The same year he played the role as Grigori Potemkin in TV film Catherine the Great, also with Mark and Stephen.[citation needed]
Early appearancesEdit
Give Us a BreakEdit
McGann's breakthrough role was Give us a Break, devised by Geoff McQueen who also created the long running ITV series The Bill. McGann played a good snooker player who got into scrapes with Robert Lindsay, who played his wideboy manager. The series was a comedy drama in the vein of the popular ITV series of the time, Minder. The series only lasted for one season and it was concluded by a one-off special.
The Monocled MutineerEdit
McGann's first major dramatic role was the infamous British deserter and criminal Percy Toplis in the 1986 BBC serial The Monocled Mutineer. The film was based on the 1978 book of the same name, written by William Alison and John Fairley.[citation needed] [7]
Film careerEdit
Following on from that part of Percy Toplis, McGann sought a less controversial and more comedic role for his next project. In 1986, he was cast as the anonymous main character (Marwood) in Bruce Robinson's cult film comedy, Withnail and I. He also starred as Anton Skrebensky in Ken Russell's 1989 adaptation of D.H. Lawrence's The Rainbow. McGann's other early film appearances include The Monk, Dealers, Tree of Hands and the epic war film Empire of the Sun. McGann and other young British actors who were becoming established film actors such as Tim Roth, Gary Oldman, Colin Firth and Bruce Payne were dubbed the 'Brit Pack'.[8]
Since 1989, McGann has concentrated primarily on television work, including Nice Town and Nature Boy for the BBC, and The One That Got Away and the second series of Hornblower for ITV. However, he has had small roles in a number of high-profile American films like The Three Musketeers and Alien 3. His role in Alien 3 was originally larger, but much of it was edited out of the final print. The cut footage can be seen in the extended version of the film.
In 1992, he was cast as Richard Sharpe, the lead character in the Sharpe series of made-for-TV films based on Bernard Cornwell's novels, however he injured his knee while playing football just days into filming Sharpe's Rifles in Ukraine. He was replaced by Sean Bean and the role effectively kick-started Bean's career and is the one that he is most closely identified with.
Doctor WhoEdit
Paul McGann played the eighth incarnation of the Doctor in the Doctor Who 1996 television film. The television film also starred Eric Roberts, Daphne Ashbrook and featured the outgoing Seventh Doctor, Sylvester McCoy. McGann's brother, Mark McGann, also auditioned for the title role.
The Doctor Who television film was a joint venture between the BBC, Universal Studios and the Fox Broadcasting Network. McGann had signed a contract to appear as the Eighth Doctor in a new Doctor Who series, if Fox or Universal exercised their option. Thus, the television film was supposed to be a "back door pilot" in that, if it obtained respectable ratings, the new series would continue to be produced. The film was shown on 14 May 1996 in the US and on 27 May 1996 in the UK. Although it earned 9.08 million viewers and was very successful in the UK, ratings were very low in the United States. As a consequence, Fox did not exercise its option to pick up the series and Universal could not find another network interested in airing a new Doctor Who series. Thus no new series was produced until 2005, after all the contractual rights had returned to the BBC.
McGann gave permission for his likeness to be used on the covers of the BBC's Eighth Doctor novels and he has reprised the role of the Eighth Doctor in an extensive series of audio plays by Big Finish Productions. A number of these plays have also been broadcast on BBC Radio 7 (later BBC Radio 4 Extra).
Rumours abounded that Paul McGann would reprise the role of the Eighth Doctor in a new series of television films, alongside the current television series.[9] McGann has denied these rumours on the grounds of not having been asked back to play the part but if he were to be asked would be interested as long as he "didn't have to wear a wig".[10]
After months of speculation, on 14 November 2013 (coincidentally McGann's birthday), as part of the show's 50th Anniversary celebrations, Paul McGann finally reprised his role as the Eighth Doctor, in the mini-episode The Night of the Doctor. In this appearance his incarnation of the Doctor finally regenerates, 17 years after his first television appearance, into a previously unknown Doctor played by John Hurt.
In November 2013 McGann briefly appeared in the 50th anniversary comedy homage The Five(ish) Doctors Reboot.[11]
After Doctor WhoEdit
In the years following his appearance as the Doctor, Paul McGann continued to diversify his acting portfolio with the television and film roles he accepted. In 1997 he appeared as a concerned father in the film FairyTale: A True Story and later that same year as Rob in Downtime, then in 1998 he appeared as Capt. Greville in The Dance of Shiva.
In the 2000s McGann's film appearances began to increase with films like My Kingdom (2001), Listening (2003) and Gypo (2005). Perhaps his most iconic role since Doctor Who came in 2002, when McGann appeared in the film adaptation of the third story from Anne Rice's The Vampire Chronicles, Queen of the Damned. McGann played the part of David Talbot, a member of the secret organisation the Talamasca, which researches and investigates the supernatural. Talbot has appeared in many of Rice's novels and has become a central character over the years. The film also starred Stuart Townsend, Marguerite Moreau and R&B singer Aaliyah. McGann has also been in demand for voice-over work in Britain in recent years, particularly on television documentaries and commercials.
He also gained acclaim for his portrayal of William Bush in the final four instalments of the ITV/A&E television series Hornblower, based on the Horatio Hornblower books by C.S. Forrester. He initially appears in the 2001 episode "Mutiny", with Bush being the 2nd Lieutenant of HMS Renown (and Hornblower's superior). In the 7th episode, "Loyalty", he agrees to join Hornblower as his 1st Lieutenant when Hornblower takes command of HMS Hotspur. McGann again portrays Bush in the 2003 finale of the series, "Duty".
In 2006, he appeared in the television drama Tripping Over. In 2007, McGann starred alongside Dervla Kirwan, Lorraine Ashbourne and David Bradley in BBC One drama True Dare Kiss, written by Debbie Horsfield. In 2010, McGann played a major role in a feature-length episode of long-running BBC mystery series Jonathan Creek, as well as appearing as a regular in the crime drama Luther. In 2011, McGann played a major role as an Assistant Commissioner with something to hide in the final episode of Waking the Dead and also featured in Simon Gray's Butley alongside Dominic West at the Duchess Theatre in London.[12][13]
In 2017 McGann joined the cast of the long-running BBC series Holby City, playing neurosurgeon Professor John Gaskell.
Audio books and voice workEdit
McGann is also known for audiobook narration having read several Pat Barker and Bernard Cornwell novels. He narrated the abridged audiobook of Jeff Noon's 1993 cyberpunk classic Vurt.
McGann continues to play the Eighth Doctor on audio. McGann's first Big Finish audio play appearance was in 2001 in the story Storm Warning. It was through the Big Finish audio plays that McGann's Doctor faced many classic Doctor Who villains like the Daleks (in various different audio plays, the first of which being The Time of the Daleks) and the Cybermen (first encountered by the Eighth Doctor on audio in Sword of Orion).
Five Eighth Doctor dramas were broadcast in BBC 7's The 7th Dimension slot between August 2005 and January 2006. They were in release order, starting with Storm Warning, although Minuet in Hell was judged unsuitable for the timeslot, and skipped. Two more Eighth Doctor audios, Shada and The Chimes of Midnight were broadcast in December 2005 and January 2006; all six of these stories were rebroadcast on BBC7 beginning in July 2006. In 2007 and 2008, a series of audio plays starring McGann as the Eighth Doctor and Sheridan Smith as companion Lucie Miller was broadcast on BBC7.
His voice also featured in the 1997 video game Ceremony of Innocence together with those of Isabella Rossellini and Ben Kingsley.
After hearing him sing in The Monocled Mutineer, composer Bernard J. Taylor invited McGann to create the role of Benedict in the concept studio recording of the Much Ado, a musical based on Shakespeare's Much Ado About Nothing.
McGann portrayed Ambassador Durian in The Minister of Chance, a fantasy audio drama released in six parts from 2011 to 2013. The series is a spin-off of the Doctor Who audio drama Death Comes to Time, but has no official connection to the franchise. In February 2014, a crowdfunded short film based on the first instalment of The Minister of Chance was released to those who had helped fund it.[14]
McGann portrays antagonist Noah Shackleton in the audio drama adaptation of The Phoenix Files. The Australian production is the largest audio drama ever produced in Australia with a cast of 42 actors. McGann appears in all three instalments of the science-fiction, dystopian thriller series.[15]
McGann has done audio narration on BBC documentaries, including the 2014 BBC Scotland production, Apples, Pears and Paint: How to Make a Still Life Painting.[16]
McGann is married to Anne Milner,[2] with whom he has two sons, Joseph McGann (born in 1988) and Jake McGann (born in 1990).
1987 Withnail and I "I"
Empire of the Sun Lt. Price
1989 Tree of Hands Barry
The Rainbow Anton Skrebensky
Dealers Daniel Pascoe
1990 The Monk Father Lorenzo Rojas
Paper Mask Matthew Harris
1991 Afraid of the Dark Tony Dalton
1992 Alien 3 Golic
1993 The Three Musketeers Girard/Jussac
1997 FairyTale: A True Story Arthur Wright
Downtime Rob
1998 The Dance of Shiva Capt. Greville Short film
2001 My Kingdom Dean
2002 Queen of the Damned David Talbot
2003 Listening Short film
2005 Gypo Paul
Naked in London Mr Johnson
2006 Poppies Tony Hudson
Always Crashing in the Same Car Bill Mackinnon Short film
2009 Lesbian Vampire Killers Vicar
2013 A Little Place Off the Edgware Road James Craven Short film
2014 The Minister of Chance: The Prologue Ambassador Durian Short film
2015 Absence Man Short film
The Pit and the Pendulum: A Study in Torture Christian Judge Short film
1983-1984 Give Us a Break Mo Morris 8 episodes
1986 The Importance of Being Earnest John Worthing
The Monocled Mutineer Percy Toplis 4 episodes
1990 Screen Two Colin Episode: "Drowning in the Shallow End"
1992 Nice Town Joe Thompson 3 episodes
1995 Catherine the Great Potemkin
The Hanging Gale Liam Phelan 4 episodes
The Merchant of Venice Bassanio
The One That Got Away Chris Ryan
1996 Doctor Who Eighth Doctor The Movie
1998 Our Mutual Friend Eugene Wrayburn 4 episodes
1999 Forgotten Ben Turner 3 episodes
2000 Nature Boy Steve Witton 4 episodes
Fish Jonathan Vishnevski 6 episodes
2001 Hotel! Ben Carter
Sweet Revenge Patrick Vine 2 episodes
2002 Blood Strangers DC David Ingram 2 episodes
The Biographer Andrew Morton
2001-2003 Hornblower Lieutenant Bush 4 episodes
2003 Agatha Christie's Poirot Dr. Peter Lord Episode: "Sad Cypress"
2004 Lie With Me Gerry Henson 2 episodes
2005 Kidnapped Colonel MacNab 2 episodes
2005 Fables of Forgotten Things Clarence
Agatha Christie's Marple Dickie Erskine Episode: "Sleeping Murder"
2006 If I Had You Philip Andrews
Tripping Over Jeremy 6 episodes
Sea of Souls Christopher Chambers Episode: "Rebound"
2007 True Dare Kiss Nash McKinnon 6 episodes
2009 Collision Richard Reeves 5 episodes
2010 Jonathan Creek Hugo Doré Episode: "The Judas Tree"
2010-2011, 2019 Luther Mark North Series 1, 2 & 5; 8 episodes
2011 Waking the Dead ACC Tony Nicholson Episodes: "Waterloo", Parts 1 & 2
New Tricks DCI James Larson Episode: "Object of Desire"
2012 A Mother's Son David 2 episodes
2012 SOS: The Titanic Inquiry Sir Rufus Isaacs
2013 Ripper Street Stanley J. Bone Episode: "The Good of This City"
Moving On Phil Episode: "Blood Ties"
Doctor Who The Doctor Mini-Episode: "The Night of the Doctor"
The Five(ish) Doctors Reboot Himself BBC Red Button Webcast
2014 The Bletchley Circle John Richards Episode: "Blood on Their Hands: Part 1"
2016 The Musketeers St. Pierre Episode: "The Queen's Diamonds"
2017-2018 Holby City John Gaskell Series 19—20; 40 episodes
NarratorEdit
2004 That'll Teach 'Em Series 2
2005 Zero Hour Series 2
2011 Britain's Greatest Codebreaker
2013 Wildest Latin America
Extraordinary People: The Boy with the Incredible Brain
2014 Apples, Pears and Paint: How to Make a Still Life Painting
France: The Wild Side
Cosmonauts: How Russia Won the Space Race[17]
2015 Shark[18]
Hunt for the Arctic Ghost Ship[19]
2016 Wildest Islands of Indonesia
2016—17 Eden[20] Series 1—2
AudioEdit
2001-2011 Doctor Who: The Monthly Range Eighth Doctor
2007-2011 The Eighth Doctor Adventures
2012 Dark Eyes
2014 Dark Eyes 2
2015-2017 Doom Coalition
2015 The Diary of River Song Story: The Rulers of the Universe
2016-2017 Doctor Who: Classic Doctors, New Monsters 2 stories
2017-present The Eighth Doctor: The Time War
2018-present Ravenous
^ "Paul McGann Biography (1959–)". filmreference.com. 2014. Retrieved 8 September 2014.
^ a b "Actor Paul McGann enters his second act". independent.ie. 2013. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
^ "Paul McGann | Doctor Who Interview Archive". Drwhointerviews.wordpress.com. 25 August 2009. Retrieved 25 June 2013.
^ "Paul McGann Biography (1959–)". Filmreference.com. 14 November 1959. Retrieved 10 October 2012.
^ a b Jones, Catherine (8 May 2013). "Liverpool actor Paul McGann talks about his 30-year stage and screen career ahead of Club Geek Chic In Conversation appearance at St George's Hall". Liverpool Echo.
^ The Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (1980) An Entertainment, 19 November 1980 programme, GBS Theatre: London
^ Barnett, Laura (3 August 2009). "Portrait of the artist: Paul McGann, actor". The Guardian. Retrieved 9 May 2018.
^ "The Brit Pack". Brucepayne.de. Retrieved 10 October 2012.
^ "New 'Doctor Who' film in the works?", SyFy Portal 14 May 2007 "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 16 May 2007. Retrieved 16 May 2007. CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link) and at Outpost Gallifrey.
^ "The Doctor Who News Page". Archived from the original on 30 June 2008. Retrieved 30 August 2007.
^ "The Five(ish) Doctors Reboot", BBC programmes, retrieved 26 November 2013.
^ Thorpe, Vanessa (20 February 2011). "Dominic West to revive classic stage role". London: the Guardian. Retrieved 4 May 2011.
^ Bishop, Caroline (29 June 2011). "Paul McGann". Official London Theatre.
^ "Pilot for unofficial Doctor Who spin-off Minister of Chance". denofgeek.com. 14 February 2014. Retrieved 23 February 2014.
^ "The Phoenix Files". Preachrs Podcast. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
^ "Apples, Pears and Paint: How to Make a Still Life Painting". BBC Four. Retrieved 21 February 2019.
^ "BBC Four - Cosmonauts: How Russia Won the Space Race". bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 24 November 2016.
^ "BBC One - Shark". bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 24 November 2016.
^ "Hunt for the Arctic Ghost Ship". channel4.com. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
^ "Eden - On Demand - All 4". channel4.com. Retrieved 24 November 2016.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Paul McGann.
Paul McGann on IMDb
Paul McGann at the BFI's Screenonline
Talking Shop: Paul McGann interview at the BBC News website
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Paul_McGann&oldid=901901084"
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Tag: Obama Argentina
Saturday, April 13th 2019 - 07:40 UTC
US hands Argentina thousands of declassified documents from the military dictatorship
The United States handed thousands of documents on Friday to Argentina on disappearances by the military dictatorship (1976/1983), completing Washington's biggest-ever transfer of documents to another government.
US to provide Argentina with 24 state of the art T6-C Texan II training aircraft
Argentina is in the process of purchasing 24 T6-C Texan II training aircraft from the United States, which will also be employed in border control and combating drugs. Apparently the operation has been approved by the US Defense Department and was one of several good news Secretary of State brought last week when he visited Buenos Aires.
Monday, March 28th 2016 - 05:36 UTC
Argentine Catholic Church slams poverty and supports Obama's visit, we must reconcile with the world
The Argentine Catholic Church again exposed poverty asking that those who have should not to be overcome by greed and called for a new and different Argentina. There are “too many people” in Argentina living in poverty, Salta’s archbishop and second vice-president of the Argentine Synod Mario Cargnello said on Holy Friday, asking people “not to be overcome by greed.”
Saturday, March 19th 2016 - 05:41 UTC
Praise for Obama's decision to declassify documents from the Argentine dictatorship
There is no doubt about the participation of the United States in Argentina’s bloody 1976-1983 military dictatorship, Human Rights Secretary Claudio Avruj said in Buenos Aires following the news that Washington announced it will declassify military and intelligence files from the Dirty War period ahead of Barack Obama’s visit to the country.
Friday, March 18th 2016 - 05:40 UTC
Obama should fully reveal documents from Argentina's 1976/1983 dictatorship and the US role, says NYT
The New York Times published on Thursday an editorial in which the newspaper referred to president Barack Obama’s visit to Argentina next week and the role played by the United States in the country’s 1976-1983 civil-military dictatorship, saying the president of that country “should make a pledge that Washington will more fully reveal its role in a dark chapter of Argentine history.”
Wednesday, February 24th 2016 - 06:54 UTC
Despite Malvinas, we want to accord and collaborate with the UK to the benefit of both countries
Argentine president Mauricio Macri said he wants to reach an agreement with the UK that will enable collaboration in areas of mutual interest, despite the dispute over the Falkland/Malvinas Islands, although 'we will never drop Argentina's historic claim on the issue'.
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(-) Remove Starting Grant (StG) (5) filter Starting Grant (StG) (5)
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Displaying 1 - 5 of 5.
Project acronym CLIMASLOW
Project Slowing Down Climate Change: Combining Climate Law and Climate Science to Identify the Best Options to Reduce Emissions of Short-Lived Climate Forcers in Developing Countries
Researcher (PI) Kati Marjo Johanna Kulovesi
Summary The ClimaSlow project opens new interdisciplinary horizons to identify the best opportunities to enhance the global legal and regulatory framework for reducing emissions of short-lived climate pollutants (SLCFs), with particular attention to developing countries as projected key sources of future SLCF emissions. It proceeds from the assumption that strengthening the global legal and regulatory framework for SLCFs would bring important benefits in terms of slowing down climate change and reducing local air pollution. However, legal and regulatory options to step up action on SLCFs have not been studied comprehensively. Furthermore, the climate impacts of the various options are not adequately understood. In contrast to traditional legal analysis that would focus one legal system or instrument, the project will study the relevant legal and regulatory frameworks comprehensively, considering the international, regional, national and transnational levels. It will seek to identify various options, both formal legal instruments and informal regulatory initiatives, to strengthen the global legal and regulatory frameworks applicable to SLCFs. In addition to providing information on best options to regulate SLCFs, this novel, comprehensive approach will help scholars to improve their understanding of the implications of ongoing changes in global legal landscape, including its presumed fragmentation and deformalisation. Addressing an important gap in current knowledge, the project will combine analysis of the merits of the various legal and regulatory options with estimates of their climate change impacts on the basis of climate modeling. This way, it will be able to identify the alternatives that are the most promising both from the legal point of view and in terms of climate change mitigation potential. The project will generate information that is policy-relevant and context-specific but can simultaneously provide broader lessons and open new interdisciplinary horizons.
The ClimaSlow project opens new interdisciplinary horizons to identify the best opportunities to enhance the global legal and regulatory framework for reducing emissions of short-lived climate pollutants (SLCFs), with particular attention to developing countries as projected key sources of future SLCF emissions. It proceeds from the assumption that strengthening the global legal and regulatory framework for SLCFs would bring important benefits in terms of slowing down climate change and reducing local air pollution. However, legal and regulatory options to step up action on SLCFs have not been studied comprehensively. Furthermore, the climate impacts of the various options are not adequately understood. In contrast to traditional legal analysis that would focus one legal system or instrument, the project will study the relevant legal and regulatory frameworks comprehensively, considering the international, regional, national and transnational levels. It will seek to identify various options, both formal legal instruments and informal regulatory initiatives, to strengthen the global legal and regulatory frameworks applicable to SLCFs. In addition to providing information on best options to regulate SLCFs, this novel, comprehensive approach will help scholars to improve their understanding of the implications of ongoing changes in global legal landscape, including its presumed fragmentation and deformalisation. Addressing an important gap in current knowledge, the project will combine analysis of the merits of the various legal and regulatory options with estimates of their climate change impacts on the basis of climate modeling. This way, it will be able to identify the alternatives that are the most promising both from the legal point of view and in terms of climate change mitigation potential. The project will generate information that is policy-relevant and context-specific but can simultaneously provide broader lessons and open new interdisciplinary horizons.
Project acronym FOUNDLAW
Project Reinventing the Foundations of European Legal Culture 1934-1964
Researcher (PI) Kaius Tapani Tuori
Summary It is often claimed in the rights and culture debate that certain rights are a reflection of a European culture and tradition and thus not universal. What this study demonstrates is that even in Europe the rights tradition is a conscious construction by a group of legal scholars reacting to contemporary events. This study is about a group of innovators who are forced to reinvent themselves and their science abroad after being exiled by Nazi Germany. This reinvention meant that they had to first rethink all that they had previously done and then to address a new audience in a new language, simultaneously trying to make sense of the catastrophe. In response, they created a theory a common European legal culture, founded on ideals of the rule of law. A reaction to the nationalistic totalitarian regimes, they sought to show a great tradition based on liberty and justice. What this study offers is a twist, in that the reinvention had a second, even more influential life after the war. What the anti-totalitarian narrative formed by the exiles offered to the academic community was an explanation and a new self-understanding of law and legal science as a bulwark against dictatorship, enabling them to respond to the challenge of socialism. Combining archival research, bibliometrical studies and social analysis, the project will study the creation of the rights theory through the intellectual histories of five key figures. Studying correspondence, lecture notes, and published materials on how the idea of a common European legal past was formulated, discussed and disseminated, the project contests the claims of current research that the rights tradition was an accepted historical fact. The starting point of the study, 1934, is the first response to the Nazi takeover and the expelling of civil servants of Jewish ancestry, while the end point, 1964, includes the reaction to the Berlin Wall and the consolidation of the hostilities between East and West in Europe.
It is often claimed in the rights and culture debate that certain rights are a reflection of a European culture and tradition and thus not universal. What this study demonstrates is that even in Europe the rights tradition is a conscious construction by a group of legal scholars reacting to contemporary events. This study is about a group of innovators who are forced to reinvent themselves and their science abroad after being exiled by Nazi Germany. This reinvention meant that they had to first rethink all that they had previously done and then to address a new audience in a new language, simultaneously trying to make sense of the catastrophe. In response, they created a theory a common European legal culture, founded on ideals of the rule of law. A reaction to the nationalistic totalitarian regimes, they sought to show a great tradition based on liberty and justice. What this study offers is a twist, in that the reinvention had a second, even more influential life after the war. What the anti-totalitarian narrative formed by the exiles offered to the academic community was an explanation and a new self-understanding of law and legal science as a bulwark against dictatorship, enabling them to respond to the challenge of socialism. Combining archival research, bibliometrical studies and social analysis, the project will study the creation of the rights theory through the intellectual histories of five key figures. Studying correspondence, lecture notes, and published materials on how the idea of a common European legal past was formulated, discussed and disseminated, the project contests the claims of current research that the rights tradition was an accepted historical fact. The starting point of the study, 1934, is the first response to the Nazi takeover and the expelling of civil servants of Jewish ancestry, while the end point, 1964, includes the reaction to the Berlin Wall and the consolidation of the hostilities between East and West in Europe.
Project acronym ImagiDem
Project Imagi(ni)ng Democracy: European youth becoming citizens by visual participation
Researcher (PI) Eeva LUHTAKALLIO
Host Institution (HI) TAMPEREEN KORKEAKOULUSAATIO SR
Summary The current political and institutional crises render the future of European democracy uncertain. To gain deeper insights into what the current discontent may lead to, and how to address it for the good of an equal and inclusive democracy, we have to study future political actors, today’s young citizens, and examine what are the means of political action prevalent to them. The public sphere of today’s youth is increasingly dominated by visual content, and therefore the visual dimension of political participation is to be a key concern in research thereof. The current youth’s understanding of political action – building arguments, mobilizing, and participating – is likely to become firmly anchored in repertoires of visual participation. ImagiDem will explore, analyze, and conceptualize visual participation of young European citizens in order to formulate a model of democratic practices in the 2020s. ImagiDem addresses visual political participation and democratic practices among young citizens in the European context using a radical triple-strategy: it combines visual ethnography with computational big data minining and analysis, and deploys this combination to a comparative research setting. The project design includes four countries of comparison – Finland, France, Germany, and Portugal – with both an ethnographic and a computational subproject realized in each of them. Both methodological approaches – comparative online ethnography, and computational, machine learning based analysis of large sets of social media image data – are risky and hitherto scarcely explored. The theoretical challenge ImagiDem takes is to develop pragmatist theorizing of visual justification and engagements on the one hand, and visual cultural toolkits and frames, on the other. With this methodologico-theoretical toolkit, ImagiDem provides overarching analysis of the future of European democracy.
The current political and institutional crises render the future of European democracy uncertain. To gain deeper insights into what the current discontent may lead to, and how to address it for the good of an equal and inclusive democracy, we have to study future political actors, today’s young citizens, and examine what are the means of political action prevalent to them. The public sphere of today’s youth is increasingly dominated by visual content, and therefore the visual dimension of political participation is to be a key concern in research thereof. The current youth’s understanding of political action – building arguments, mobilizing, and participating – is likely to become firmly anchored in repertoires of visual participation. ImagiDem will explore, analyze, and conceptualize visual participation of young European citizens in order to formulate a model of democratic practices in the 2020s. ImagiDem addresses visual political participation and democratic practices among young citizens in the European context using a radical triple-strategy: it combines visual ethnography with computational big data minining and analysis, and deploys this combination to a comparative research setting. The project design includes four countries of comparison – Finland, France, Germany, and Portugal – with both an ethnographic and a computational subproject realized in each of them. Both methodological approaches – comparative online ethnography, and computational, machine learning based analysis of large sets of social media image data – are risky and hitherto scarcely explored. The theoretical challenge ImagiDem takes is to develop pragmatist theorizing of visual justification and engagements on the one hand, and visual cultural toolkits and frames, on the other. With this methodologico-theoretical toolkit, ImagiDem provides overarching analysis of the future of European democracy.
Project acronym TWES
Project Transnational work and the evolution of sovereignty
Researcher (PI) Nathan Alan Lillie
Host Institution (HI) JYVASKYLAN YLIOPISTO
Summary Proposal Summary This is a proposal to study the growth of posted migrant work in the European Union, and the impact of this on industrial relations. Within the European Union, changes in the application of EU law have resulted in the deterritorialization of sovereign regulatory authority. National industrial relations systems have been subordinated to internal market freedoms in four recent European Court of Justice decisions. These constrain the rights of unions and governments to regulate working conditions of foreign service providers operating in their territory, in effect allowing firms to create “spaces of exception” by exploiting enclaves of alternative, deterritorialized sovereignty. For example, a Polish construction worker on a German construction site working for a Polish subcontractor does not, either in practice or in law, have the same rights as a German or Polish worker working for a German subcontractor because the employment relationship in the first instance is in many respects regulated from Poland. Sovereignty has been reconfigured, through EU law and firm practice, so that it is no longer entirely dependent on territory, but also on other contingencies. It is hypothesized that variegated sovereignty is facilitating the segmentation of labor markets, via transnational subcontracting and agency work. The project will involve fieldwork in Finland, Germany, the Netherlands, the UK, and at the EU level. The study will be based on ethnographic interviews, to record the experiences of posted migrants and 'native' workers who work with them, and 'expert' interviews of managers, union officials, and policy makers. Two industries have been selected for study: construction and metalworking, because of the prevalence of posted workers in those industries. There will also be a series of policy interviews aimed at understanding the political/legal changes taking place in the European Union which facilitate the growth of variegated sovereignty. These will be used to construct a series of comparative case studies of work sites and industries. The research team will include the Principle Investigator and three other researchers under his supervision.
Proposal Summary This is a proposal to study the growth of posted migrant work in the European Union, and the impact of this on industrial relations. Within the European Union, changes in the application of EU law have resulted in the deterritorialization of sovereign regulatory authority. National industrial relations systems have been subordinated to internal market freedoms in four recent European Court of Justice decisions. These constrain the rights of unions and governments to regulate working conditions of foreign service providers operating in their territory, in effect allowing firms to create “spaces of exception” by exploiting enclaves of alternative, deterritorialized sovereignty. For example, a Polish construction worker on a German construction site working for a Polish subcontractor does not, either in practice or in law, have the same rights as a German or Polish worker working for a German subcontractor because the employment relationship in the first instance is in many respects regulated from Poland. Sovereignty has been reconfigured, through EU law and firm practice, so that it is no longer entirely dependent on territory, but also on other contingencies. It is hypothesized that variegated sovereignty is facilitating the segmentation of labor markets, via transnational subcontracting and agency work. The project will involve fieldwork in Finland, Germany, the Netherlands, the UK, and at the EU level. The study will be based on ethnographic interviews, to record the experiences of posted migrants and 'native' workers who work with them, and 'expert' interviews of managers, union officials, and policy makers. Two industries have been selected for study: construction and metalworking, because of the prevalence of posted workers in those industries. There will also be a series of policy interviews aimed at understanding the political/legal changes taking place in the European Union which facilitate the growth of variegated sovereignty. These will be used to construct a series of comparative case studies of work sites and industries. The research team will include the Principle Investigator and three other researchers under his supervision.
Project acronym WILDTRADE
Project Quantifying the global patterns and trends of the illegal wildlife trade: from artificial intelligence to financial market analysis
Researcher (PI) Enrico DI MININ
Summary Illegal wildlife trade is one of the major threats driving the global extinction crisis. Despite political will to halt the problem, the magnitude and scale of illegal wildlife trade have been relatively poorly studied compared to other threats affecting biodiversity conservation. Lack of data and complexities in determining illegal trade volumes and the availability of illegal wildlife products in the marketplace have thus far limited progress in research. The socio-ecological and economic drivers underlying the illegal wildlife trade remain unclear. The goal of this project is, for the first time with this extent and detail, to quantify global patterns and trends of the illegal wildlife trade and how market forces shape them. The deluge of information from digital technologies in the ‘Information Age’ combined with the development of new artificial intelligence techniques will allow me to quantify the global patterns and trends of the illegal wildlife trade at an unprecedented spatio-temporal detail. Illegal wildlife trade is booming online and I hypothesize that Big Data mined from social media platforms can help identify which wildlife products are traded and to assess motivations behind the trade. I plan to combine such novel, geotagged and temporally accurate, information with other spatio-temporal datasets on law enforcement and human pressure, to identify the global hotspots under pressure from illegal wildlife trade and quantify the flow of wildlife products between these hotspots and the marketplaces in demand countries. I also plan to investigate how pervasive market forces underline the global patterns and trends of the illegal wildlife trade. The proposed research will provide (i) novel concepts and methods for conservation science and identify (ii) species and areas most under pressure from illegal wildlife trade globally, (iii) the trade routes and flow of wildlife products; and (iv) the drivers underlying the illegal wildlife trade.
Illegal wildlife trade is one of the major threats driving the global extinction crisis. Despite political will to halt the problem, the magnitude and scale of illegal wildlife trade have been relatively poorly studied compared to other threats affecting biodiversity conservation. Lack of data and complexities in determining illegal trade volumes and the availability of illegal wildlife products in the marketplace have thus far limited progress in research. The socio-ecological and economic drivers underlying the illegal wildlife trade remain unclear. The goal of this project is, for the first time with this extent and detail, to quantify global patterns and trends of the illegal wildlife trade and how market forces shape them. The deluge of information from digital technologies in the ‘Information Age’ combined with the development of new artificial intelligence techniques will allow me to quantify the global patterns and trends of the illegal wildlife trade at an unprecedented spatio-temporal detail. Illegal wildlife trade is booming online and I hypothesize that Big Data mined from social media platforms can help identify which wildlife products are traded and to assess motivations behind the trade. I plan to combine such novel, geotagged and temporally accurate, information with other spatio-temporal datasets on law enforcement and human pressure, to identify the global hotspots under pressure from illegal wildlife trade and quantify the flow of wildlife products between these hotspots and the marketplaces in demand countries. I also plan to investigate how pervasive market forces underline the global patterns and trends of the illegal wildlife trade. The proposed research will provide (i) novel concepts and methods for conservation science and identify (ii) species and areas most under pressure from illegal wildlife trade globally, (iii) the trade routes and flow of wildlife products; and (iv) the drivers underlying the illegal wildlife trade.
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Project acronym 3D Reloaded
Project 3D Reloaded: Novel Algorithms for 3D Shape Inference and Analysis
Researcher (PI) Daniel Cremers
Host Institution (HI) TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET MUENCHEN
Summary Despite their amazing success, we believe that computer vision algorithms have only scratched the surface of what can be done in terms of modeling and understanding our world from images. We believe that novel image analysis techniques will be a major enabler and driving force behind next-generation technologies, enhancing everyday life and opening up radically new possibilities. And we believe that the key to achieving this is to develop algorithms for reconstructing and analyzing the 3D structure of our world. In this project, we will focus on three lines of research: A) We will develop algorithms for 3D reconstruction from standard color cameras and from RGB-D cameras. In particular, we will promote real-time-capable direct and dense methods. In contrast to the classical two-stage approach of sparse feature-point based motion estimation and subsequent dense reconstruction, these methods optimally exploit all color information to jointly estimate dense geometry and camera motion. B) We will develop algorithms for 3D shape analysis, including rigid and non-rigid matching, decomposition and interpretation of 3D shapes. We will focus on algorithms which are optimal or near-optimal. One of the major computational challenges lies in generalizing existing 2D shape analysis techniques to shapes in 3D and 4D (temporal evolutions of 3D shape). C) We will develop shape priors for 3D reconstruction. These can be learned from sample shapes or acquired during the reconstruction process. For example, when reconstructing a larger office algorithms may exploit the geometric self-similarity of the scene, storing a model of a chair and its multiple instances only once rather than multiple times. Advancing the state of the art in geometric reconstruction and geometric analysis will have a profound impact well beyond computer vision. We strongly believe that we have the necessary competence to pursue this project. Preliminary results have been well received by the community.
Despite their amazing success, we believe that computer vision algorithms have only scratched the surface of what can be done in terms of modeling and understanding our world from images. We believe that novel image analysis techniques will be a major enabler and driving force behind next-generation technologies, enhancing everyday life and opening up radically new possibilities. And we believe that the key to achieving this is to develop algorithms for reconstructing and analyzing the 3D structure of our world. In this project, we will focus on three lines of research: A) We will develop algorithms for 3D reconstruction from standard color cameras and from RGB-D cameras. In particular, we will promote real-time-capable direct and dense methods. In contrast to the classical two-stage approach of sparse feature-point based motion estimation and subsequent dense reconstruction, these methods optimally exploit all color information to jointly estimate dense geometry and camera motion. B) We will develop algorithms for 3D shape analysis, including rigid and non-rigid matching, decomposition and interpretation of 3D shapes. We will focus on algorithms which are optimal or near-optimal. One of the major computational challenges lies in generalizing existing 2D shape analysis techniques to shapes in 3D and 4D (temporal evolutions of 3D shape). C) We will develop shape priors for 3D reconstruction. These can be learned from sample shapes or acquired during the reconstruction process. For example, when reconstructing a larger office algorithms may exploit the geometric self-similarity of the scene, storing a model of a chair and its multiple instances only once rather than multiple times. Advancing the state of the art in geometric reconstruction and geometric analysis will have a profound impact well beyond computer vision. We strongly believe that we have the necessary competence to pursue this project. Preliminary results have been well received by the community.
Project acronym 4DRepLy
Project Closing the 4D Real World Reconstruction Loop
Researcher (PI) Christian THEOBALT
Host Institution (HI) MAX-PLANCK-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER WISSENSCHAFTEN EV
Summary 4D reconstruction, the camera-based dense dynamic scene reconstruction, is a grand challenge in computer graphics and computer vision. Despite great progress, 4D capturing the complex, diverse real world outside a studio is still far from feasible. 4DRepLy builds a new generation of high-fidelity 4D reconstruction (4DRecon) methods. They will be the first to efficiently capture all types of deformable objects (humans and other types) in crowded real world scenes with a single color or depth camera. They capture space-time coherent deforming geometry, motion, high-frequency reflectance and illumination at unprecedented detail, and will be the first to handle difficult occlusions, topology changes and large groups of interacting objects. They automatically adapt to new scene types, yet deliver models with meaningful, interpretable parameters. This requires far reaching contributions: First, we develop groundbreaking new plasticity-enhanced model-based 4D reconstruction methods that automatically adapt to new scenes. Second, we develop radically new machine learning-based dense 4D reconstruction methods. Third, these model- and learning-based methods are combined in two revolutionary new classes of 4DRecon methods: 1) advanced fusion-based methods and 2) methods with deep architectural integration. Both, 1) and 2), are automatically designed in the 4D Real World Reconstruction Loop, a revolutionary new design paradigm in which 4DRecon methods refine and adapt themselves while continuously processing unlabeled real world input. This overcomes the previously unbreakable scalability barrier to real world scene diversity, complexity and generality. This paradigm shift opens up a new research direction in graphics and vision and has far reaching relevance across many scientific fields. It enables new applications of profound social pervasion and significant economic impact, e.g., for visual media and virtual/augmented reality, and for future autonomous and robotic systems.
4D reconstruction, the camera-based dense dynamic scene reconstruction, is a grand challenge in computer graphics and computer vision. Despite great progress, 4D capturing the complex, diverse real world outside a studio is still far from feasible. 4DRepLy builds a new generation of high-fidelity 4D reconstruction (4DRecon) methods. They will be the first to efficiently capture all types of deformable objects (humans and other types) in crowded real world scenes with a single color or depth camera. They capture space-time coherent deforming geometry, motion, high-frequency reflectance and illumination at unprecedented detail, and will be the first to handle difficult occlusions, topology changes and large groups of interacting objects. They automatically adapt to new scene types, yet deliver models with meaningful, interpretable parameters. This requires far reaching contributions: First, we develop groundbreaking new plasticity-enhanced model-based 4D reconstruction methods that automatically adapt to new scenes. Second, we develop radically new machine learning-based dense 4D reconstruction methods. Third, these model- and learning-based methods are combined in two revolutionary new classes of 4DRecon methods: 1) advanced fusion-based methods and 2) methods with deep architectural integration. Both, 1) and 2), are automatically designed in the 4D Real World Reconstruction Loop, a revolutionary new design paradigm in which 4DRecon methods refine and adapt themselves while continuously processing unlabeled real world input. This overcomes the previously unbreakable scalability barrier to real world scene diversity, complexity and generality. This paradigm shift opens up a new research direction in graphics and vision and has far reaching relevance across many scientific fields. It enables new applications of profound social pervasion and significant economic impact, e.g., for visual media and virtual/augmented reality, and for future autonomous and robotic systems.
Project acronym ACCORD
Project Algorithms for Complex Collective Decisions on Structured Domains
Researcher (PI) Edith Elkind
Host Institution (HI) THE CHANCELLOR, MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD
Summary Algorithms for Complex Collective Decisions on Structured Domains. The aim of this proposal is to substantially advance the field of Computational Social Choice, by developing new tools and methodologies that can be used for making complex group decisions in rich and structured environments. We consider settings where each member of a decision-making body has preferences over a finite set of alternatives, and the goal is to synthesise a collective preference over these alternatives, which may take the form of a partial order over the set of alternatives with a predefined structure: examples include selecting a fixed-size set of alternatives, a ranking of the alternatives, a winner and up to two runner-ups, etc. We will formulate desiderata that apply to such preference aggregation procedures, design specific procedures that satisfy as many of these desiderata as possible, and develop efficient algorithms for computing them. As the latter step may be infeasible on general preference domains, we will focus on identifying the least restrictive domains that enable efficient computation, and use real-life preference data to verify whether the associated restrictions are likely to be satisfied in realistic preference aggregation scenarios. Also, we will determine whether our preference aggregation procedures are computationally resistant to malicious behavior. To lower the cognitive burden on the decision-makers, we will extend our procedures to accept partial rankings as inputs. Finally, to further contribute towards bridging the gap between theory and practice of collective decision making, we will provide open-source software implementations of our procedures, and reach out to the potential users to obtain feedback on their practical applicability.
Algorithms for Complex Collective Decisions on Structured Domains. The aim of this proposal is to substantially advance the field of Computational Social Choice, by developing new tools and methodologies that can be used for making complex group decisions in rich and structured environments. We consider settings where each member of a decision-making body has preferences over a finite set of alternatives, and the goal is to synthesise a collective preference over these alternatives, which may take the form of a partial order over the set of alternatives with a predefined structure: examples include selecting a fixed-size set of alternatives, a ranking of the alternatives, a winner and up to two runner-ups, etc. We will formulate desiderata that apply to such preference aggregation procedures, design specific procedures that satisfy as many of these desiderata as possible, and develop efficient algorithms for computing them. As the latter step may be infeasible on general preference domains, we will focus on identifying the least restrictive domains that enable efficient computation, and use real-life preference data to verify whether the associated restrictions are likely to be satisfied in realistic preference aggregation scenarios. Also, we will determine whether our preference aggregation procedures are computationally resistant to malicious behavior. To lower the cognitive burden on the decision-makers, we will extend our procedures to accept partial rankings as inputs. Finally, to further contribute towards bridging the gap between theory and practice of collective decision making, we will provide open-source software implementations of our procedures, and reach out to the potential users to obtain feedback on their practical applicability.
Project acronym ACDC
Project Algorithms and Complexity of Highly Decentralized Computations
Researcher (PI) Fabian Daniel Kuhn
Host Institution (HI) ALBERT-LUDWIGS-UNIVERSITAET FREIBURG
Summary "Many of today's and tomorrow's computer systems are built on top of large-scale networks such as, e.g., the Internet, the world wide web, wireless ad hoc and sensor networks, or peer-to-peer networks. Driven by technological advances, new kinds of networks and applications have become possible and we can safely assume that this trend is going to continue. Often modern systems are envisioned to consist of a potentially large number of individual components that are organized in a completely decentralized way. There is no central authority that controls the topology of the network, how nodes join or leave the system, or in which way nodes communicate with each other. Also, many future distributed applications will be built using wireless devices that communicate via radio. The general objective of the proposed project is to improve our understanding of the algorithmic and theoretical foundations of decentralized distributed systems. From an algorithmic point of view, decentralized networks and computations pose a number of fascinating and unique challenges that are not present in sequential or more standard distributed systems. As communication is limited and mostly between nearby nodes, each node of a large network can only maintain a very restricted view of the global state of the system. This is particularly true if the network can change dynamically, either by nodes joining or leaving the system or if the topology changes over time, e.g., because of the mobility of the devices in case of a wireless network. Nevertheless, the nodes of a network need to coordinate in order to achieve some global goal. In particular, we plan to study algorithms and lower bounds for basic computation and information dissemination tasks in such systems. In addition, we are particularly interested in the complexity of distributed computations in dynamic and wireless networks."
"Many of today's and tomorrow's computer systems are built on top of large-scale networks such as, e.g., the Internet, the world wide web, wireless ad hoc and sensor networks, or peer-to-peer networks. Driven by technological advances, new kinds of networks and applications have become possible and we can safely assume that this trend is going to continue. Often modern systems are envisioned to consist of a potentially large number of individual components that are organized in a completely decentralized way. There is no central authority that controls the topology of the network, how nodes join or leave the system, or in which way nodes communicate with each other. Also, many future distributed applications will be built using wireless devices that communicate via radio. The general objective of the proposed project is to improve our understanding of the algorithmic and theoretical foundations of decentralized distributed systems. From an algorithmic point of view, decentralized networks and computations pose a number of fascinating and unique challenges that are not present in sequential or more standard distributed systems. As communication is limited and mostly between nearby nodes, each node of a large network can only maintain a very restricted view of the global state of the system. This is particularly true if the network can change dynamically, either by nodes joining or leaving the system or if the topology changes over time, e.g., because of the mobility of the devices in case of a wireless network. Nevertheless, the nodes of a network need to coordinate in order to achieve some global goal. In particular, we plan to study algorithms and lower bounds for basic computation and information dissemination tasks in such systems. In addition, we are particularly interested in the complexity of distributed computations in dynamic and wireless networks."
Project acronym aCROBAT
Project Circadian Regulation Of Brown Adipose Thermogenesis
Researcher (PI) Zachary Philip Gerhart-Hines
Host Institution (HI) KOBENHAVNS UNIVERSITET
Summary Obesity and diabetes have reached pandemic proportions and new therapeutic strategies are critically needed. Brown adipose tissue (BAT), a major source of heat production, possesses significant energy-dissipating capacity and therefore represents a promising target to use in combating these diseases. Recently, I discovered a novel link between circadian rhythm and thermogenic stress in the control of the conserved, calorie-burning functions of BAT. Circadian and thermogenic signaling to BAT incorporates blood-borne hormonal and nutrient cues with direct neuronal input. Yet how these responses coordinately shape BAT energy-expending potential through the regulation of cell surface receptors, metabolic enzymes, and transcriptional effectors is still not understood. My primary goal is to investigate this previously unappreciated network of crosstalk that allows mammals to effectively orchestrate daily rhythms in BAT metabolism, while maintaining their ability to adapt to abrupt changes in energy demand. My group will address this question using gain and loss-of-function in vitro and in vivo studies, newly-generated mouse models, customized physiological phenotyping, and cutting-edge advances in next generation RNA sequencing and mass spectrometry. Preliminary, small-scale validations of our methodologies have already yielded a number of novel candidates that may drive key facets of BAT metabolism. Additionally, we will extend our circadian and thermogenic studies into humans to evaluate the translational potential. Our results will advance the fundamental understanding of how daily oscillations in bioenergetic networks establish a framework for the anticipation of and adaptation to environmental challenges. Importantly, we expect that these mechanistic insights will reveal pharmacological targets through which we can unlock evolutionary constraints and harness the energy-expending potential of BAT for the prevention and treatment of obesity and diabetes.
Obesity and diabetes have reached pandemic proportions and new therapeutic strategies are critically needed. Brown adipose tissue (BAT), a major source of heat production, possesses significant energy-dissipating capacity and therefore represents a promising target to use in combating these diseases. Recently, I discovered a novel link between circadian rhythm and thermogenic stress in the control of the conserved, calorie-burning functions of BAT. Circadian and thermogenic signaling to BAT incorporates blood-borne hormonal and nutrient cues with direct neuronal input. Yet how these responses coordinately shape BAT energy-expending potential through the regulation of cell surface receptors, metabolic enzymes, and transcriptional effectors is still not understood. My primary goal is to investigate this previously unappreciated network of crosstalk that allows mammals to effectively orchestrate daily rhythms in BAT metabolism, while maintaining their ability to adapt to abrupt changes in energy demand. My group will address this question using gain and loss-of-function in vitro and in vivo studies, newly-generated mouse models, customized physiological phenotyping, and cutting-edge advances in next generation RNA sequencing and mass spectrometry. Preliminary, small-scale validations of our methodologies have already yielded a number of novel candidates that may drive key facets of BAT metabolism. Additionally, we will extend our circadian and thermogenic studies into humans to evaluate the translational potential. Our results will advance the fundamental understanding of how daily oscillations in bioenergetic networks establish a framework for the anticipation of and adaptation to environmental challenges. Importantly, we expect that these mechanistic insights will reveal pharmacological targets through which we can unlock evolutionary constraints and harness the energy-expending potential of BAT for the prevention and treatment of obesity and diabetes.
Project acronym ACROSS
Project 3D Reconstruction and Modeling across Different Levels of Abstraction
Researcher (PI) Leif Kobbelt
Host Institution (HI) RHEINISCH-WESTFAELISCHE TECHNISCHE HOCHSCHULE AACHEN
Summary "Digital 3D models are gaining more and more importance in diverse application fields ranging from computer graphics, multimedia and simulation sciences to engineering, architecture, and medicine. Powerful technologies to digitize the 3D shape of real objects and scenes are becoming available even to consumers. However, the raw geometric data emerging from, e.g., 3D scanning or multi-view stereo often lacks a consistent structure and meta-information which are necessary for the effective deployment of such models in sophisticated down-stream applications like animation, simulation, or CAD/CAM that go beyond mere visualization. Our goal is to develop new fundamental algorithms which transform raw geometric input data into augmented 3D models that are equipped with structural meta information such as feature aligned meshes, patch segmentations, local and global geometric constraints, statistical shape variation data, or even procedural descriptions. Our methodological approach is inspired by the human perceptual system that integrates bottom-up (data-driven) and top-down (model-driven) mechanisms in its hierarchical processing. Similarly we combine algorithms operating on different levels of abstraction into reconstruction and modeling networks. Instead of developing an individual solution for each specific application scenario, we create an eco-system of algorithms for automatic processing and interactive design of highly complex 3D models. A key concept is the information flow across all levels of abstraction in a bottom-up as well as top-down fashion. We not only aim at optimizing geometric representations but in fact at bridging the gap between reconstruction and recognition of geometric objects. The results from this project will make it possible to bring 3D models of real world objects into many highly relevant applications in science, industry, and entertainment, greatly reducing the excessive manual effort that is still necessary today."
"Digital 3D models are gaining more and more importance in diverse application fields ranging from computer graphics, multimedia and simulation sciences to engineering, architecture, and medicine. Powerful technologies to digitize the 3D shape of real objects and scenes are becoming available even to consumers. However, the raw geometric data emerging from, e.g., 3D scanning or multi-view stereo often lacks a consistent structure and meta-information which are necessary for the effective deployment of such models in sophisticated down-stream applications like animation, simulation, or CAD/CAM that go beyond mere visualization. Our goal is to develop new fundamental algorithms which transform raw geometric input data into augmented 3D models that are equipped with structural meta information such as feature aligned meshes, patch segmentations, local and global geometric constraints, statistical shape variation data, or even procedural descriptions. Our methodological approach is inspired by the human perceptual system that integrates bottom-up (data-driven) and top-down (model-driven) mechanisms in its hierarchical processing. Similarly we combine algorithms operating on different levels of abstraction into reconstruction and modeling networks. Instead of developing an individual solution for each specific application scenario, we create an eco-system of algorithms for automatic processing and interactive design of highly complex 3D models. A key concept is the information flow across all levels of abstraction in a bottom-up as well as top-down fashion. We not only aim at optimizing geometric representations but in fact at bridging the gap between reconstruction and recognition of geometric objects. The results from this project will make it possible to bring 3D models of real world objects into many highly relevant applications in science, industry, and entertainment, greatly reducing the excessive manual effort that is still necessary today."
Project acronym Active-DNA
Project Computationally Active DNA Nanostructures
Researcher (PI) Damien WOODS
Host Institution (HI) NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND MAYNOOTH
Summary During the 20th century computer technology evolved from bulky, slow, special purpose mechanical engines to the now ubiquitous silicon chips and software that are one of the pinnacles of human ingenuity. The goal of the field of molecular programming is to take the next leap and build a new generation of matter-based computers using DNA, RNA and proteins. This will be accomplished by computer scientists, physicists and chemists designing molecules to execute ``wet'' nanoscale programs in test tubes. The workflow includes proposing theoretical models, mathematically proving their computational properties, physical modelling and implementation in the wet-lab. The past decade has seen remarkable progress at building static 2D and 3D DNA nanostructures. However, unlike biological macromolecules and complexes that are built via specified self-assembly pathways, that execute robotic-like movements, and that undergo evolution, the activity of human-engineered nanostructures is severely limited. We will need sophisticated algorithmic ideas to build structures that rival active living systems. Active-DNA, aims to address this challenge by achieving a number of objectives on computation, DNA-based self-assembly and molecular robotics. Active-DNA research work will range from defining models and proving theorems that characterise the computational and expressive capabilities of such active programmable materials to experimental work implementing active DNA nanostructures in the wet-lab.
During the 20th century computer technology evolved from bulky, slow, special purpose mechanical engines to the now ubiquitous silicon chips and software that are one of the pinnacles of human ingenuity. The goal of the field of molecular programming is to take the next leap and build a new generation of matter-based computers using DNA, RNA and proteins. This will be accomplished by computer scientists, physicists and chemists designing molecules to execute ``wet'' nanoscale programs in test tubes. The workflow includes proposing theoretical models, mathematically proving their computational properties, physical modelling and implementation in the wet-lab. The past decade has seen remarkable progress at building static 2D and 3D DNA nanostructures. However, unlike biological macromolecules and complexes that are built via specified self-assembly pathways, that execute robotic-like movements, and that undergo evolution, the activity of human-engineered nanostructures is severely limited. We will need sophisticated algorithmic ideas to build structures that rival active living systems. Active-DNA, aims to address this challenge by achieving a number of objectives on computation, DNA-based self-assembly and molecular robotics. Active-DNA research work will range from defining models and proving theorems that characterise the computational and expressive capabilities of such active programmable materials to experimental work implementing active DNA nanostructures in the wet-lab.
Project acronym ACTIVIA
Project Visual Recognition of Function and Intention
Researcher (PI) Ivan Laptev
Host Institution (HI) INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE ENINFORMATIQUE ET AUTOMATIQUE
Summary "Computer vision is concerned with the automated interpretation of images and video streams. Today's research is (mostly) aimed at answering queries such as ""Is this a picture of a dog?"", (classification) or sometimes ""Find the dog in this photo"" (detection). While categorisation and detection are useful for many tasks, inferring correct class labels is not the final answer to visual recognition. The categories and locations of objects do not provide direct understanding of their function i.e., how things work, what they can be used for, or how they can act and react. Such an understanding, however, would be highly desirable to answer currently unsolvable queries such as ""Am I in danger?"" or ""What can happen in this scene?"". Solving such queries is the aim of this proposal. My goal is to uncover the functional properties of objects and the purpose of actions by addressing visual recognition from a different and yet unexplored perspective. The main novelty of this proposal is to leverage observations of people, i.e., their actions and interactions to automatically learn the use, the purpose and the function of objects and scenes from visual data. The project is timely as it builds upon the two key recent technological advances: (a) the immense progress in visual recognition of objects, scenes and human actions achieved in the last ten years, as well as (b) the emergence of a massive amount of public image and video data now available to train visual models. ACTIVIA addresses fundamental research issues in automated interpretation of dynamic visual scenes, but its results are expected to serve as a basis for ground-breaking technological advances in practical applications. The recognition of functional properties and intentions as explored in this project will directly support high-impact applications such as detection of abnormal events, which are likely to revolutionise today's approaches to crime protection, hazard prevention, elderly care, and many others."
"Computer vision is concerned with the automated interpretation of images and video streams. Today's research is (mostly) aimed at answering queries such as ""Is this a picture of a dog?"", (classification) or sometimes ""Find the dog in this photo"" (detection). While categorisation and detection are useful for many tasks, inferring correct class labels is not the final answer to visual recognition. The categories and locations of objects do not provide direct understanding of their function i.e., how things work, what they can be used for, or how they can act and react. Such an understanding, however, would be highly desirable to answer currently unsolvable queries such as ""Am I in danger?"" or ""What can happen in this scene?"". Solving such queries is the aim of this proposal. My goal is to uncover the functional properties of objects and the purpose of actions by addressing visual recognition from a different and yet unexplored perspective. The main novelty of this proposal is to leverage observations of people, i.e., their actions and interactions to automatically learn the use, the purpose and the function of objects and scenes from visual data. The project is timely as it builds upon the two key recent technological advances: (a) the immense progress in visual recognition of objects, scenes and human actions achieved in the last ten years, as well as (b) the emergence of a massive amount of public image and video data now available to train visual models. ACTIVIA addresses fundamental research issues in automated interpretation of dynamic visual scenes, but its results are expected to serve as a basis for ground-breaking technological advances in practical applications. The recognition of functional properties and intentions as explored in this project will directly support high-impact applications such as detection of abnormal events, which are likely to revolutionise today's approaches to crime protection, hazard prevention, elderly care, and many others."
Project acronym ACUITY
Project Algorithms for coping with uncertainty and intractability
Researcher (PI) Nikhil Bansal
Host Institution (HI) TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITEIT EINDHOVEN
Summary The two biggest challenges in solving practical optimization problems are computational intractability, and the presence of uncertainty: most problems are either NP-hard, or have incomplete input data which makes an exact computation impossible. Recently, there has been a huge progress in our understanding of intractability, based on spectacular algorithmic and lower bound techniques. For several problems, especially those with only local constraints, we can design optimum approximation algorithms that are provably the best possible. However, typical optimization problems usually involve complex global constraints and are much less understood. The situation is even worse for coping with uncertainty. Most of the algorithms are based on ad-hoc techniques and there is no deeper understanding of what makes various problems easy or hard. This proposal describes several new directions, together with concrete intermediate goals, that will break important new ground in the theory of approximation and online algorithms. The particular directions we consider are (i) extend the primal dual method to systematically design online algorithms, (ii) build a structural theory of online problems based on work functions, (iii) develop new tools to use the power of strong convex relaxations and (iv) design new algorithmic approaches based on non-constructive proof techniques. The proposed research is at the cutting edge of algorithm design, and builds upon the recent success of the PI in resolving several longstanding questions in these areas. Any progress is likely to be a significant contribution to theoretical computer science and combinatorial optimization.
The two biggest challenges in solving practical optimization problems are computational intractability, and the presence of uncertainty: most problems are either NP-hard, or have incomplete input data which makes an exact computation impossible. Recently, there has been a huge progress in our understanding of intractability, based on spectacular algorithmic and lower bound techniques. For several problems, especially those with only local constraints, we can design optimum approximation algorithms that are provably the best possible. However, typical optimization problems usually involve complex global constraints and are much less understood. The situation is even worse for coping with uncertainty. Most of the algorithms are based on ad-hoc techniques and there is no deeper understanding of what makes various problems easy or hard. This proposal describes several new directions, together with concrete intermediate goals, that will break important new ground in the theory of approximation and online algorithms. The particular directions we consider are (i) extend the primal dual method to systematically design online algorithms, (ii) build a structural theory of online problems based on work functions, (iii) develop new tools to use the power of strong convex relaxations and (iv) design new algorithmic approaches based on non-constructive proof techniques. The proposed research is at the cutting edge of algorithm design, and builds upon the recent success of the PI in resolving several longstanding questions in these areas. Any progress is likely to be a significant contribution to theoretical computer science and combinatorial optimization.
Project acronym ADAPT
Project Theory and Algorithms for Adaptive Particle Simulation
Researcher (PI) Stephane Redon
Summary "During the twentieth century, the development of macroscopic engineering has been largely stimulated by progress in digital prototyping: cars, planes, boats, etc. are nowadays designed and tested on computers. Digital prototypes have progressively replaced actual ones, and effective computer-aided engineering tools have helped cut costs and reduce production cycles of these macroscopic systems. The twenty-first century is most likely to see a similar development at the atomic scale. Indeed, the recent years have seen tremendous progress in nanotechnology - in particular in the ability to control matter at the atomic scale. Similar to what has happened with macroscopic engineering, powerful and generic computational tools will be needed to engineer complex nanosystems, through modeling and simulation. As a result, a major challenge is to develop efficient simulation methods and algorithms. NANO-D, the INRIA research group I started in January 2008 in Grenoble, France, aims at developing efficient computational methods for modeling and simulating complex nanosystems, both natural and artificial. In particular, NANO-D develops SAMSON, a software application which gathers all algorithms designed by the group and its collaborators (SAMSON: Software for Adaptive Modeling and Simulation Of Nanosystems). In this project, I propose to develop a unified theory, and associated algorithms, for adaptive particle simulation. The proposed theory will avoid problems that plague current popular multi-scale or hybrid simulation approaches by simulating a single potential throughout the system, while allowing users to finely trade precision for computational speed. I believe the full development of the adaptive particle simulation theory will have an important impact on current modeling and simulation practices, and will enable practical design of complex nanosystems on desktop computers, which should significantly boost the emergence of generic nano-engineering."
"During the twentieth century, the development of macroscopic engineering has been largely stimulated by progress in digital prototyping: cars, planes, boats, etc. are nowadays designed and tested on computers. Digital prototypes have progressively replaced actual ones, and effective computer-aided engineering tools have helped cut costs and reduce production cycles of these macroscopic systems. The twenty-first century is most likely to see a similar development at the atomic scale. Indeed, the recent years have seen tremendous progress in nanotechnology - in particular in the ability to control matter at the atomic scale. Similar to what has happened with macroscopic engineering, powerful and generic computational tools will be needed to engineer complex nanosystems, through modeling and simulation. As a result, a major challenge is to develop efficient simulation methods and algorithms. NANO-D, the INRIA research group I started in January 2008 in Grenoble, France, aims at developing efficient computational methods for modeling and simulating complex nanosystems, both natural and artificial. In particular, NANO-D develops SAMSON, a software application which gathers all algorithms designed by the group and its collaborators (SAMSON: Software for Adaptive Modeling and Simulation Of Nanosystems). In this project, I propose to develop a unified theory, and associated algorithms, for adaptive particle simulation. The proposed theory will avoid problems that plague current popular multi-scale or hybrid simulation approaches by simulating a single potential throughout the system, while allowing users to finely trade precision for computational speed. I believe the full development of the adaptive particle simulation theory will have an important impact on current modeling and simulation practices, and will enable practical design of complex nanosystems on desktop computers, which should significantly boost the emergence of generic nano-engineering."
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Lawsuit over Stairway to Heaven
By jim6225, May 18, 2014 in News
Blue-Eyed Merle
Location:The Air Above the Din
10 hours ago, luvlz2 said:
Jimmy looks dynamite!
Mithril46
Location:Smithtown, NY
I love the way Robert talks, having heard/read quite a few the last 5-10 yrs., interviews. And he hardly seemed rattled
from the lawsuit debacle. However the description of what he and his band does, as if they were creating some
fantastic holographic universe of music and sound, well, each to their own. Robert remains a fantastic singer
despite anything. The ideas and obscure "ethnic" musics Robert wants to stir into his mix, I've said before, he needs
higher caliber musicians. And the piracy thing, YouTube, etc., if you're a musician 20 yrs old now, and you became successful , getting a huge record company deal probably wasn't even thought about. Of course Robert is very rich and
there are plenty of much less successful artists from the past who are denied royalties, very unfair, you are talking
about musicians in poverty.
Houses of the Holy
Location:Missouri USA
Higher caliber musicians? Get real. The ones he's used on his last few albums are outstanding. smh
zeplz71
Location:LA
http://www.rollingstone.com/music/features/ozzy-osbourne-led-zep-trial-was-waste-of-f--king-time
Ozzy Osbourne: Led Zeppelin Trial Was 'Waste of F--king Time'
"That group is fucking phenomenal," Black Sabbath singer says. "Why would they rip anybody off?"
Ozzy Osbourne cannot believe that Led Zeppelin had to defend themselves in court last month, when a man representing the group Spirit alleged they'd ripped off that band's instrumental "Taurus" to write "Stairway to Heaven."
"It's fucking crazy, actually," the Black Sabbath singer tells Rolling Stone as part of an interview that will publish in full in the future. "That should have never gone to court. I heard the original thing, and there's just a slight similarity. It's like saying any fucking song with that kind of a guitar on it is a rip-off. It's not fair. There's only so many fucking notes on a guitar, and it wasn't that much like 'Stairway to Heaven.' I'm amazed it lasted so fucking long, you know?"
"You listen to 'All Right Now' by Free and you listen to Steve Miller's 'Rock'n Me,' and it's exactly the same riff and they haven't sued each other," he continues. "It's exactly the same."
After a weeklong trial, the jury ultimately sided with Led Zeppelin in the case, which dated back to a 2014 filing. The Black Sabbath singer can't believe it lasted as long as it did. "I've met John Bonham; I've met all of them," he says. "That group is fucking phenomenal. What do they need a fucking songwriter for? Why would they rip anybody off? It's just a waste of fucking time. I'm really surprised it went to court. It's fucking crazy.
"They don't deserve it," he continues. "It's like, do you honestly think they'll sit there and go, 'Oh, we'll steal this and change it a bit like this so it sells.' Fuck. Give me a break. The song that was played was kind of a bit similar but it was only the chord sequence."
Osbourne, a native of Birmingham, England, knew Led Zeppelin's members casually before they were famous, as some of them lived there in the late Sixties. "We were friendly with John Bonham and Robert Plant," he says. "Robert's a great singer. He's one of the greats. He was very influential on a lot of singers in his day. I haven't seen Robert for a long time. I hope he's all right."
Even after both bands made it onto the charts, they continued to hang out, with Bonham occasionally asking to sit in on Bill Ward's drums early on. Classic Rock reports that in 1975, Led Zeppelin joined Sabbath in the studio during their Sabotage sessions for a jam on Sabbath's "Supernaut."
When Rolling Stone asks Osbourne about the jam, he says he can still picture it. "Jimmy Page wasn't there, but John Paul Jones, Robert Plant and John Bonham were there," he says. "And we just had a jam. It was all right. It was just a jam."
It was just all right? "I just jammed out, you know?" Osbourne says. "I can't think back on it now, like, 'Whoa, we just jammed with Zeppelin.' It's just what we did. We were all stoned anyway."
Location:The Darkest Depths of Mordor
Jeff Beck on the lawsuit:
http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/rock/7438982/jeff-beck-beck01-loud-hailer-stairway-to-heaven-lawsuit
Outside of his own busy schedule, Beck was also paying close attention to the Led Zeppelin "Stairway To Heaven" plagiarism case, partly as an interested musician, but just as much as a longtime friend and music mate of Jimmy Page. "I had to smirk because I knew that Jimmy and Robert would come out on top," Beck says. "Apparently you can't copyright a chord sequence. It has to have a lyric or some kind of a meaningful melody to be copyrighted. And it is a chord sequence which has been used loads of times, but not in such an iconic way. It clearly is the same chord sequence [as Spirit's 'Taurus'], but then we're all guilty of stealing a chord sequence and sticking some words on top of it. So I think it's a bit of bravado to try to bring it to court, but Jimmy came out ahead. So, lucky Old Jim!"
sam_webmaster
LEDZEPPELIN.COM ADMIN
Location:Great White North
from Jimmy Page today:
"A few weeks have past since the judgement of the Stairway to Heaven case in Los Angeles, with the jury reaching a unanimous decision in a remarkably short time. Throughout the lengthy journey to that verdict, and even more recently, I have received and been aware of the overwhelming wave of support, encouragement, and congratulations that has been deeply moving."
"I’d like to take this opportunity to personally thank all those who contributed such a positive energy to me."
www.jimmypage.com
Ddladner
Jimmy, you are a gentleman, indeed. Please know that on any given day, there is tremendous positive energy directed to you. It is truly remarkable! ❤️
Thanks for posting, Sam!
KellyGirl
Location:U S A
10 hours ago, Ddladner said:
Awww this was sweet of Jimmy!! Very nicely put Ddladner!! Our girl minds thinking alike!!
Always sending the good vibes to my fave musician!!
Location:Down By The Seaside
sixpense
12 minutes ago, Walter said:
It will go down like a Lead Zeppelin!
23 hours ago, KellyGirl said:
41 minutes ago, sixpense said:
Absolutely! I don't know how Malofiy can even pursue this. Even for a lawyer, he is such a money grubbing, attention seeking, ambulance chasing, scum bag! Of course, he couldn't keep goin if he didn't have $ support behind him....
Good grief!
ZepDomi
15 hours ago, Walter said:
Who's the bigger scumbag, Malofiy or Skidmore? At what point does Skidmore actually act like the trustee to the estate that he's supposed to be?
Wow, everybody involved on the plaintiff's side are p a i n f u l l y annoying.
I can feel a rant coming on when it comes to everybody from that cockroach they
call a lawyer, to the sisters who say this is for the kids.... and only the kids.
I don't see this appeal having any legs though. It's not going anywhere. I'm just
turned off at how greedy Randy's family and friends can be. His own son isn't
even part of this. That tells me all I need to know about those tied to his estate.
Damn vultures.
Edited July 26, 2016 by KellyGirl
3 hours ago, ZepDomi said:
That's what my last sentence was referring to. He couldn't pursue this without $ backing.
Tea41
Location:NY
They need to give it up, and get some real music of their own instead of parasitically clinging to Zeppelin's talent for $. Skidmark needs to get a life. This stupid song Taurus isn't even worth a listen much less a lawsuit, Spirit needs to stop flattering themselves and delusionally thinking they are worth comparing to Led Zeppelin even for a second. Taurus is so unmemorable, these maggots must have alot of cash to keep suing Zep. They will keep losing.
The picture posted before with Page with the dark sunglasses and hilarious comical smile on his face, with Plant and
Jones, is the best way to see this appeal. I wouldn't even bother following this anymore, because it's not like there
was any point in the trial where the plaintiffs were seriously gaining momentum. I'm sure that Jimmy, although
more serious than lighthearted, will have many belated laughs about this debacle with friends and family.
Balthazor
Most of the stories I've read about this appeal include the line:
"The filing does not provide legal arguments for why the case should be reconsidered."
This is a little baffling to me. Without any legal arguments for reconsideration, wouldn't it just be dead on arrival? I mean what, does the filing say "we think this case should be reconsidered...just because"?
Maybe filings of this kind don't normally include legal arguments, the stories aren't real clear on that. Seems like an incredible long shot that this appeal would even be taken seriously, I can't imagine any judge allowing it to move forward.
Location:crosby, mn
They were not allowed to play both songs, had to go by sheet music and a piano, he wants the jury to hear the songs. it could be bad if some jury members think it sounds the same.
Edited July 30, 2016 by #1fan
On 7/30/2016 at 4:12 PM, #1fan said:
Yeah but I highly doubt that's going to be enough to grant an appeal, because it would require basically retroactively changing the law to do so. If the sheet music was all that was copyrighted prior to 1972 then that's what they have to go on. Appeals are typically granted on the basis of either some kind of judicial error or malfeasance, or on the basis of new evidence coming to light. It'll be extremely hard for them to argue that a judge following the law represents judicial error or malfeasance.
This is incorrect. Before deliberation, the jury asked to hear both songs, the known recorded final versions as they appear on the records, and immediately voted unanimously there was no infringement. The appeal will go nowhere.
Edited August 2, 2016 by Tea41
http://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/art-and-culture/theres-a-songbird-who-steals-2917845/
Led Zeppelin’s Stairway to Heaven: There’s a songbird who steals?
Even if the band had lost the lawsuit, Led Zeppelin’s Stairway to Heaven would be still be on top of the charts.
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Written by Akhil Sood | Published:July 17, 2016 12:00 am
For years, Led Zeppelin have been accused of lifting parts of Jimmy Page’s intro of Stairway to Heaven from another song. (Source: Andrew Smith)
In countries more developed than ours, you have massive guitar stores, with a designated area where you can plug the guitars into the amps available and test them out. Most of these shops will have a sign in the area, warning all former and future guitar virtuosos that they’ll be kicked out if they play Led Zeppelin’s Stairway to Heaven. This song has p***ed off the employees so much that it’s now banned (along with a select few others: Smoke on the Water by Deep Purple, AC/DC’s Highway to Hell, and Hotel California by Eagles).
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It’s an impossible task to evaluate the worth of a single song and locate its place in the history of rock ‘n’ roll, so the best we can do is judge it by anecdotal evidence and causality. Inspiring thousands of children to pick up the guitar to learn it should fare quite high on the basis of these parameters, I think. Today, 45 years later, even in India, you’ll have pre-pubescent chumps buying a rackety Givson guitar for Rs 3,000 and forcing their parents to pay for a guitar teacher. “Screw scales and exercises,” they say, “I want to learn Stairway to Heaven.” It’s a testament to the longevity of a single melody, which steers the song into such lofty heights, developing new lives with each passing movement. For what it’s worth, the relevance of this song has not waned (And I say this as a sceptic, one who staunchly refuses to commit to the cult of Led Zeppelin.)
There’s no such thing as a perfect song, of course; if there were, there’d be no need to write or listen to any new music. We’d just play that thing on loop until rigor mortis. But you have all these little self-contained rules and regulations to judge just how important a song really is. Being a source of inspiration is a major factor, but so is the obsession it can elicit.
Music fans tend to, by nature, be a nerdy lot who’ll internalise music to worrying degrees, getting lost in the process. Like that time one sadsack young fan decided he liked Stairway to Heaven so much that he just had to play it backwards. Thus began the discovery of those mythical Satanic proclamations that are apparently embedded in the song. Inciting such rabid commitment has to stand for something.
There’s a case to be made about the musicianship and the songwriting: how so much of what we hear in the mainstream is essentially rehashing old tropes and tricking our brains into mistaking familiarity for fondness. Some songs are simple and catchy, so we like them (like everything the Beatles wrote before they discovered drugs). Some aren’t, but they’re well-crafted, so we like them anyway (like everything the Beatles wrote after). Stairway to Heaven falls somewhere in the middle: it’s not exactly a simple three-chord song, and has plenty of dynamics in its arrangement. But it’s not some grand display of virtuosity either. It’s just a really solid rock ‘n’ roll song with that little something extra.
I don’t know them personally, but the guys in the band sound like horrible people. They took the “sex, drugs, rock ‘n’ roll” template to its logical extreme — the tragic death of drummer John Bonham is a case in point. And yet all’s forgiven. In fact, they’re venerated for their recklessness. They’re icons of rock ‘n’ roll, to the point that so much of the music that came after them was really either a continuation of what they did, or a counter-response to it.
Photo of Led Zepplin – (L-R) John Paul Jones, Jimmy Page, Robert Plant, John Bonham – posed, group shot, sitting on car bonnet – first photo session with WEA Records in London in December 1968. (Photo by Dick Barnatt/Redferns)
You can’t attribute all of that to just one song, but it does help. It has that transcendental quality that unites opposing factions. You can play it at a house party and no one minds; play it on a “Bollywood night”, an “EDM night”, or just at a dive bar with crackly speakers, and no one minds. The reaction is always one of thrill or wistful nostalgia. So you judge the band less harshly.
That softened stance becomes all the more important given recent events. They have, since before this writer was even born, been facing accusations that the memorable intro by Jimmy Page features parts they lifted from the guitar line of a song called Taurus, by an obscure ’60s psychedelic band called Spirit, who they crossed paths with back in the day. The suit was finally filed in 2014, and, last month, Led Zeppelin was found not guilty of plagiarism. It doesn’t mean they didn’t steal it, though —just that a jury decided that they hadn’t.
That’s the thing: anything truly famous and remarkable will inevitably be followed by persistent accusations of dishonesty and intellectual theft (just ask Anu Malik). Sometimes it’s because of the endless maze of copyright laws, where copying certain things is permitted, like a chord progression, but copy a guitar line and you’re dead meat. It get more complex when you bring a tribute or homage into the picture. The reason why people commit crimes is not because we’re immoral; it’s because the laws are impossible to fully understand. The answer is rarely black-and-white, but the conversation itself — and how closely it’s followed by people — signifies its relevance in contemporary culture. And just for that, Stairway to Heaven has now become an even more important song in the grand scheme of things.
Akhil Sood is a Delhi-based musician and journalist.
Edited August 4, 2016 by PlanetPage
juxtiphi
Location:Ma.
Great deal of back handed slapping in that article.
I don't know Akhil Sood personally but reading this article makes me think he is a horrible person.
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Opinion | Open | Published: 05 April 2017
Structuring supplemental materials in support of reproducibility
Dov Greenbaum1,4,
Joel Rozowsky2,4,
Victoria Stodden6 &
Mark Gerstein2,3,4,5
Supplements are increasingly important to the scientific record, particularly in genomics. However, they are often underutilized. Optimally, supplements should make results findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (i.e., “FAIR”). Moreover, properly off-loading to them the data and detail in a paper could make the main text more readable. We propose a hierarchical organization for supplements, with some parts paralleling and “shadowing” the main text and other elements branching off from it, and we suggest a specific formatting to make this structure explicit. Furthermore, sections of the supplement could be presented in multiple scientific “dialects”, including machine-readable and lay-friendly formats.
Journal article supplements (also known as “additional files” or supplementary materials) are an increasingly indispensable resource for researchers. They should be designed to provide essential metadata and documentation and act as stand-alone repositories for small data sets. Unfortunately, they often fail to live up to these responsibilities. In his “Stories from the Supplement” lecture [1], Lior Pachter elegantly described many of these missed opportunities, including where ideas are often contained entirely within the supplement and are difficult to find from the main text. (Please see Additional file 1 for further details; as described herein, this mirrors and expands upon the hierarchy of this paper.)
Supplements contain a tremendous amount of information, including facts and analyses associated—sometimes only tenuously—with the corresponding published papers. Occasionally, entire projects are inaccessibly buried within [1]. With some articles having supplements ballooning to multiple times the length of the paper itself [2, 3], the data within becomes nearly impossible to find. The editing of supplements, which is often poor, exacerbates these issues. Further damage is caused when researchers, fearful of burying relevant data in inaccessible supplements, increasingly cram more data into their papers, eschewing the vernacular in favor of terse, incoherent terminology. As a result, some scientific papers have become more convoluted and unintelligible.
With all these problems, many are calling to curb the use of supplements [4, 5]. We believe this to be shortsighted. Instead, enforcing a considered and standardized approach would make supplements an effective and indispensable tool.
Supplements have the potential to provide substantial clarity to the published text, not only by providing much-needed annotation, but also additional information and data. Even though the supplement will likely never be as precise or as defined as the main text, considerable improvements need to be made across the board. Without the constraints of space, online supplemental material can afford to be clearly written, better organized, and well-documented, allowing for an expanded and useful representation of the published research and its results.
Universally accepted structures and standards will substantially expand the usefulness of supplemental materials. With an indexed, searchable, and useful supplement, authors need not try to fit so much into the main text of the paper, and this will result in a more coherent and readable main text. Notably, both the published paper and its supplement can benefit from tying each section in the main text to its corresponding expanded supplement section, which contains corresponding raw data and related information through an established, logical, and linked hierarchy within a parallel structure (Fig. 1).
In this figure we present an illustrative example of how the information contained in a structured supplement parallels the layout of the main text of a paper. Each section in the supplement has the prefix ∑, denoting a supplementary section. Supplementary subsections that parallel main subsections are denoted by ∥, while those that are only in the supplement are labeled as ∦. Parallel sections in the supplement can also have multiple alternative versions, such as the “high level” version and the “technical language” version
Proposed hierarchy
Within the proposed hierarchy, the paper, the supplement, and all associated data are each seen as interrelated elements within the larger expansive architecture of a stack or research platform. Thus, the primary text would figuratively sit atop the supplement, synthesizing the supplemental information in broad strokes. Other elements would sit beneath the supplement within the stack, including software, databases, and other elements associated with the research. Local links would point to more detailed descriptions of methods and data located further within the supplemental materials.
The detailed description within the supplement that expands upon top-level primary text should be logically subdivided with each corresponding original paper division addressing a coherent aspect of the analyses. The order of these divisions would map onto the order of appearance within the top-level primary text, allowing researchers to easily move between even a physical printed version of the supplement and the original paper.
In a secondary hierarchical structure, each of these individual divisions may relate to its own—potentially vast—supplementary calculations and data sets. These calculations and data sets would be further linked such that they relate back to each division within the supplement, and then to the top-level primary text. To promote machine readability of the data sets, data associated with the paper should be provided in a standard tabular format (e.g., comma-separated values), and charts, graphs, and other pictorial representations of the data should be decomposable, i.e., accompanied by machine-readable files comprising the underlying data. One can also envision shadow tables and figures, which would parallel those in the main text but provide a more expanded layout, with additional detail (Additional files 1 and 2).
Practically speaking, all data falling within the hierarchy should be localized to a single digital location. When absolutely necessary—for example, with regard to sensitive data—hyperlinks can be provided to outside sources. In some cases, the sheer size of intermediate or non-essential data sets may require that some data reside in an off-site website. Here, authors should guarantee link viability, as has been attempted in other disciplines [6].
Hierarchical information structures
Reading a scientific text can be analogous to an information retrieval task, wherein a reader first peruses an introductory section and then jumps into a more detailed version of that section. The current structure of a standard scientific manuscript implements a simplified version of this idea: a short yet informative title, a more detailed abstract, a somewhat expanding introduction, a detailed results section with detailed tables, and then a conclusion that applies the details more broadly. The proposed supplement guidelines would expand on this age-old structure, building on this pre-existing hierarchy and providing even more levels of information. In a parallel to the main text, the supplement should shadow the paper, providing more detailed explanations for each part of the main text. This would allow a reader looking for more detail to easily find it and then consult the analogous part of the supplement, which would be similarly situated within the hierarchical structure.
In this methodology, scientific writing would be presented both as a simple hierarchy and, concurrently, as parallel passes at increasingly greater levels of detail. Further, this hierarchy provides an essential roadmap that ought to be familiar across all fields (with well-known section headings such as “Introduction”, “Results”, and other standard research paper headings). It would include standardized headings for easy human and machine readability, with the structured headings directly corresponding to headings in the primary paper. Additionally, the supplementary material should be designed to include ample indexable metadata relating various elements within the hierarchy of the paper.
Employing an apt literary metaphor, the published paper would be akin to a primary source, and the supplement would mirror the annotation (designed to add integral, associated, and tangentially relevant context) and other editorial content on that original text. However, the versatility of the supplement allows it to also be an expansive and sometimes meandering—albeit hierarchically organized—Talmud to the Torah of the succinctly and sometimes cryptically presented published paper.
In some instances, the hierarchical paradigms of a supplement can extend beyond that of a single paper to a whole collection of related papers. This becomes all the more relevant as a result of “big consortia science”, in which research projects result in high level papers and a succession of more detailed, related papers, often across multiple journals. Here, all papers can conform to a single global hierarchy with a top-level main paper and more detailed companions [7]. This, in turn, corresponds to various interconnected supplements associated with each individual paper, similar, for example, to the structure of the ENCODE rollout [8]. Importantly, this would help illuminate the interconnectivity of individual papers within a series.
The FAIR standards: findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable
Employing the FAIR approach for scientific information is essential for guiding the construction of supplements [9]. Data should be: (i) findable, both for human researchers and computers, requiring unique and persistent identifiers (e.g., those provided by groups such as Consortia Advancing Standards in Research Administration Information (CASRAI) [10]); (ii) accessible for the long term by using appropriate open licensing for data, code, and workflow information [11, 12]; (iii) interoperable via shared vocabularies, qualified references, and shared vernacular; and (iv) reusable such that both humans and machines can easily use the data for follow-up research or additional computational analysis.
The veracity of research data requires a complete description of the origins of the data, as well as the process by which that data arrived in its current form (for example, any data manipulation such as normalizations) [13]. Provenance allows data quality to be assessed and provides an audit trail that could uncover sources of error, the location of all the data relevant to replicate the results, and the attributions necessary for assessing ownership, copyright, license limitations, any privacy restrictions, and liabilities, if any, ascribed to erroneous data.
Understanding the provenance of a data set can be substantially helped by the inclusion of workflows within the supplement. Supplements should outline, preferably both superficially and in some depth, the individual and collective workflows that produced and employed resources, and the final conclusions [14]. Notably, workflows should be designed to work on at least two levels: as abstract, general methods and as a more specific, schematic representation of a particular computer code. This is an important limitation: workflows should not necessarily include the code itself, as this paradigm regards supplements as an important platform but not a repository of data.
Workflows are especially relevant for in silico analyses, as reproducibility can turn on the ability to recreate the exact parameters employed. Abstract workflows, flowcharts and/or comments on the code and execution infrastructure of the research are necessary [15]. They should employ standardized identifiers that can be used to reference parts of the workflow itself, the relevant data sets and software, or any other information useful for cross-referencing workflows and their components. Alternatively, third party, open-source solutions such as Galaxy [16] could be used, with the supplement providing links to these solutions [17].
Language in the supplement
The supplement should be readable by both humans and machines, optimally through the use of distinct formalized languages optimized for each audience. Even in the predominantly English-speaking scientific press, research is conveyed in multiple types of language, including simple vernacular language providing a simplistic, top-level understanding; precise, technical terminology necessary to convey methods to experts and to aid in reproducibility; and increasingly, semi-structured English to aid in computer parsing and automatic text retrieval, indexing, summarization, and searches. This language is similar to what has been described for the structured abstract [18, 19] and the structured digital table [20].
Length limitations often preclude the adequate provision of these novel aspects of papers, and they are rarely provided within the main text of a document. Since space is less constrained within the supplement, it is possible to express the same ideas in multiple iterations and forms. In particular, the same idea can be expressed in multiple “language channels” and additional aspects can be introduced. For example, supplements can include relatively simplistic schematic graphics and easy-to-understand, intuitive text, which might be unnecessary for the primary audience of the paper but are necessary to make the information accessible to an increasing number of multidisciplinary outsiders, or even the lay public. Likewise, the supplement could contain paragraphs of excessively precise scientific detail necessary for reproducibility and easier parsing.
To facilitate the use of machine parse-able sections, the supplement would contain a structured glossary connecting all the entities in the paper and their languages; this glossary—which is distinct from a glossary that defines the specific usages of the terms of art used in the paper—would correlate with standard database identifiers. Within the hierarchical structure proposed, many of the headings of the supplement might also employ a highly standardized format, further enabling computer parsing and human usability.
Citation standards
All references in the supplement should be indexed in standard indexing databases. In some cases, citation systems will need to be broadened to allow pinpointed referencing between the primary and supplemental text. This would allow readers of the primary text to be directed from the main text to the relevant section in the supplement, and vice versa, using micro-digital object identifiers (DOIs) or other referencing systems. To some degree, this can be accomplished through the hierarchical structure and further simplified through a standardized numbering system, allowing for DOIs of sections, subsections, and even further divisions if necessary. This citation standard can include additional information relating to super-sections, tying together published papers across multiple journals.
With an established hierarchy, different components of the paper and its supplement can be intelligently referenced: clever use of prefixes and suffixes can provide DOI (or similar systems) links to important portions within the supplement.
Unlike the published text, authors can further take advantage of the nature of the supplementary section to micro-reference micro-authorship, utilizing open researcher and contributor IDs (ORCIDs) or other persistent unique identifiers to note which specific author contributed to each portion of the paper. Not only would this provide more realistic accreditation to authors than standard author listings, but it would give interested readers direct access to the appropriate author for the particular area, text, or figure of interest, perhaps through published email addresses.
Figures would not only include captions and links to relevant parts of the text, but might also include additional information related to the relevant contact individuals for each figure and access to the source code and data that generated the figure. Again, this would be particularly important given the growing trend to list tens if not hundreds of authors on genomics papers.
Supplementary material should also include an expanded bibliography, which can be designed to provide contextual information, both with regard to the paper itself and the supplementary material. Furthermore, the bibliography can be annotated to provide substantive information as to how each source relates to the presented information. It may be useful to have separate bibliographies for each section of the supplement, although notably, such citations will likely not yet count as official citations.
The age of “big data” and “supersized papers” is here. Supplements have become a necessary part of conducting regular scientific business, both from the standpoint of the original researcher in presenting their research in its entirety, and also to allow others to effectively use the original research.
The proposals herein represent only some of the changes necessary to maintain the usefulness of supplemental data. Outstanding concerns remain relating to the editing and peer review of these behemoths. As they become an integral part of science, detailed review of supplements will be increasingly necessary. One useful tactic may be detailed sampling: perhaps it is best for the editor to organize a system wherein, randomly, referees are asked to review samples in greater detail to ensure the overall quality of the supplements without quickly overwhelming the peer review system.
Pachter L. Bits of DNA: Stories from the supplement. 2 November 2013. https://liorpachter.wordpress.com/2013/11/02/stories-from-the-supplement/. Accessed 12 Dec 2016.
Pop M, Salzberg SL. Use and mis-use of supplementary material in science publications. BMC Bioinf. 2015;16:237.
Newton-Cheh C, Johnson T, Gateva V, Tobin MD, Bochud M, Coin L, et al. Genome-wide association study identifies eight loci associated with blood pressure. Nat Genet. 2009;41(6):666–76.
Maunsell J. Announcement regarding supplemental material. J Neurosci. 2010;30(32):10599–600.
Marcus E. Taming supplemental material. Cell. 2009;139(1):11.
Zittrain J, Albert K, Lessig L. Perma: scoping and addressing the problem of link and reference rot in legal citations. Leg Inf Manag. 2014;14(2):88–99.
1000 Genomes Project Consortium, Auton A, Brooks LD, Durbin RM, Garrison EP, Kang HM, et al. A global reference for human genetic variation. Nature. 2015;526(7571):68–74.
ENCODE Project Consortium. An integrated encyclopedia of DNA elements in the human genome. Nature. 2012;489(7414):57–74.
Force11.org. Guiding principles for findable, accessible, interoperable and re-usable data publishing: version B1.0. https://www.force11.org/node/6062. Accessed 12 Dec 2016.
Haak L, Baker D, Höllrigl T. CASRAI and ORCID: Putting the pieces together to collaboratively support the research community. Procedia Comput Sci. 2014;33:284–8.
Stodden V. Enabling reproducible research: licensing for scientific innovation. Int J Communications Law Policy. 2009;13:1.
Donoho DL, Maleki A, Shahram M, Ur Rahman I, Stodden V. Reproducible research in computational harmonic analysis. Computing Sci Eng. 2009;11(1):8–18.
Bechhofer S, Buchan I, De Roure D, Missier P, Ainsworth J, Bhagat J, et al. Why linked data is not enough for scientists. Futur Gener Comput Syst. 2013;29(2):599–611.
Donoho D, Stodden V. Reproducible research in the mathematical sciences. In: Higham NJ, editor. Princeton companion to applied mathematics. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press; 2015. p. 916–24.
Garijo D, Gil Y. A new approach for publishing workflows: abstractions, standards, and linked data. Proceedings of the 6th Workshop on Workflows in Support of Large-scale Science; 2011 Nov 12–18; Seattle, WA, USA. ACM; 2011
GalaxyProject.org. https://galaxyproject.org/. Accessed 12 Dec 2016.
Deelman E, Gannon D, Shields M, Taylor I. Workflows and e-Science: an overview of workflow system features and capabilities. Futur Gener Comput Syst. 2009;25(5):528–40.
Seringhaus M, Gerstein M. Manually structured digital abstracts: a scaffold for automatic text mining. FEBS Lett. 2008;582(8):1170.
Gerstein M, Seringhaus M, Fields S. Structured digital abstract makes text mining easy. Nature. 2007;447(7141):142.
Cheung KH, Samwald M, Auerbach RK, Gerstein MB. Structured digital tables on the Semantic Web: toward a structured digital literature. Mol Syst Biol. 2010;6:403.
We acknowledge support from the National Institutes for Health, Zvi and Ofra Meitar Family Fund and from the AL Williams Professorship funds.
MBG conceived the manuscript. DG, JR, VS, and MBG wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Zvi Meitar Institute for Legal Implications of Emerging Technologies, Radzyner Law School, Interdisciplinary Center, Herzliya, Israel
Dov Greenbaum
Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
Joel Rozowsky
& Mark Gerstein
Integrated Graduate Program in Physical and Engineering Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
Mark Gerstein
Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
, Joel Rozowsky
Department of Computer Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
Graduate School of Library and Information Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 501 E Daniel St, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA
Victoria Stodden
Search for Dov Greenbaum in:
Search for Joel Rozowsky in:
Search for Victoria Stodden in:
Search for Mark Gerstein in:
Correspondence to Mark Gerstein.
Supplement to the main text. This file contains a document describing in more detail the discussion of the main text. (DOCX 62 kb)
Additional file 2: Figures S1.
A and B from the supplementary text. (PDF 660 kb)
Machine Readability
Information Retrieval Task
Citation Standard
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h2g2 The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy: Earth Edition
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To The Galaxy
Earth Edition
Created Jun 14, 2007 | Updated Jun 14, 2007
I have discovered a new show — for me, anyway. It is the light of my life and perhaps the funniest thing on television, and is commonly called Peep Show. For those not familiar with it, Peep Show is about two guys, Jezz and Mark. It's essentially a sitcom, but is as far from run-of-the-mill as it's possible to get.
It's all about subjective point of view and internal neurotic logic and it's absolutely beautiful. I recently discovered it with the start of Season Four and am absolutely kicking myself that I managed to miss it this far. If you like extremely clever, but at points silly, but mostly surreal, comedy, then Peep Show is right up your street.
Talking of shows I'm a late arrival to, there's House. I recently discovered this with the start of Season Three and I swear it's the best medical programme on television. The most recent UK episode, 'One Day, One Room' (broadcast on Channel Five on 7/6/2007), is a perfect example why. I know a lot of the American critics didn't like this episode and found it a little contrived. Basically the set-up is that a women comes into the clinic who has been sexually assaulted and won't let anyone treat her but House. During the course of the episode they gradually open up to each other, revealing that House was beaten up by his father as a child. I'll admit that the set-up is a little basic, but it works. Admitting that sort of thing to a complete stranger ties in with House's trust issues; after all, it's easier for him to admit weakness to strangers than friends, because he's likely to get hurt. In addition it goes a long way to explain House's personality. Some people don't go for the psychological elements of House, but I think it's necessary; people don't become the way he is without a reason.
I do worry that this is the start of a softening process for House. I would have hated that at the start of the season, but think he's due for a huge fall and is made far more human for it. It's fine for a character to be mean and sarcastic, but they need to remain likeable. I don't want him to go even slightly nice, but I think he does need to be made a touch more sympathetic. Personally I love the character, flaws and all, but I can see why some people don't.
The episode itself is well-written and, I imagine, fairly realistic, dealing with big issues in an effective way that isn't just cut-and-dried. This is what makes House one of the best dramas on television, because it's not afraid to tackle the big issues and is all the more impressive for it.
Doctor Who is shaping up wonderfully. The two-parter — 'Human Nature' and 'Family of Blood' (Broadcast on BBC One on 16/5/2007 and 2/6/2007 respectively) — is one of the most wonderfully unique and well-written episodes in the series run. It centres on a man called John Smith who has dreams that he's a 'madman' called the Doctor. What he doesn't realise is that he is the Doctor and his memories have been stored in a watch because a sinister group of aliens called The Family are out to get him. It's a really touching set of episodes as John Smith falls in love and you realise what the Doctor can never have: a family. The Doctor is reinstated and in a beautiful sequence takes his revenge on The Family: he punishes them by providing exactly what they want: eternal life.
My favourite episode this season, though, has to be 'Blink' (aired on 9/6/2007). I've been a fan of Stephen Moffet since Series One and 'Blink' is the perfect reason why. It's centred on a woman called Sally Sparrow who finds herself in a haunted house, from which her best friend goes missing and is tossed into the past. Through a DVD she receives a message from the past filled with loads of instructions, but the main one is 'Don't blink'. Sally finds herself stalked by a bunch of stone statues with the beautiful name 'Weeping Angels', that are actually aliens in disguise. Moffet has found an ingenious method of making them scary; namely, that they can't hurt you if you look at them... it's when you turn away, or the lights go out, that things become tricky. We are offered an ingenious explanation: the aliens threw you into the past in order to make you die earlier and live on the days you would have had.
As one of the 'Doctor Lite' episodes, you might think it's not going to be up to much, but this is Doctor Who at its utter best. The woman who plays Sally is on absolute top form and you don't even miss the Doctor thanks to repeated TV footage.
Just an observation: the scene in the dark where the statues are shaking the TARDIS is wonderfully done. In the outside shot, the viewer's gaze freezes the statues because no-one else is there. It's touches like this that endear the writer to me.
Multilayered and scary: a complete gem of a story. Moffet, I love you. I have a single issue in that this is based on one of Stephen's previous stories from the 1996 annual called 'What I Did on My Christmas Holidays'. I'll let him off though because to his credit it may share similarities, but is entirely different. Oh, and let's not forget my favourite line: 'Timey wimey'. Odd, but I love it.
I'm sorry, but my TV viewing has been patchy over the last few weeks. You see, I'm currently rushing about like a mad thing, but normal service will be resumed next issue. Plus, I tend to only watch the same thing; I promise that some variation will come overall. To make up for it, I present you with a new feature, called 'Fifty things you need to know about...'. Essentially, it does exactly what it says on the tin and offers fifty facts about a particular show.
Fifty things you need to know about... House MD
It's created by a guy called David Shore (1) and started in November 2004 (2). The tagline for the show is, 'Genius has side effects' (3). It's set in a hospital and centres around a group of doctors (4) under the leadership of one Dr Gregory House (5). The title character is played to perfection by Hugh Laurie (6) and is generally considered to be a horrible person (7) but gets away with it because he's a genius (8) and very, very funny (9). He has a bad leg at the beginning of the show (10) and his increasing dependence on pain-killers (11) becomes a running plot arc. His three underlings Foreman, (11), Cameron (12) and Chase (13) are constantly made to look stupid and inadequate, but give the show some added depth (14). They are very rarely, if ever, right (15) and House is VERY rarely, if ever, wrong (16). House's best friend Doctor Wilson (17) is a good guy (18) and genuinely cares (19), though House claims that Wilson believes if he cares enough he'll never have to die. (20) Wilson is the only person who can make House laugh (21) and seems to take far too much rubbish. (22) Wilson is also a bit of a ladies man! He's been married three times in the series run (23). The boss is a woman called Doctor Lisa Cuddy (24) who has an extremely fraught relationship with House (25) due to his unconventional way of healing people(26).
The show revolves around these characters and their job in the hospital (27). They work together solving spectacular cases (28) that get more and more outlandish as the series goes on (29). Lots of people tell House that he's got the diagnoses wrong (30), he insists he hasn't (31) and he's right (32). Then someone is bound to complain about his over-medication of pain pills for his leg (33). That essentially is the plot! (34)
Despite this, House never fails to be interesting and the writing's never less than wonderful. It's a huge critical success in both the UK and US (35). It has won many awards (36), including two Golden Globes (37) and many acting awards for Hugh Laurie (38). Hugh Laurie was lifted to A-class status due to his superb acting (39) and brilliant American accent (40). For those of you who don't know, Hugh Laurie is a British actor (41). With extremely high ratings (42) there have been many similar shows created (43), the best and most memorable being Shark (44).
Perhaps the best indicator of the show's success is its parody on Scrubs (45), in an episode called 'My House' (46) in which Doctor Cox drops a tin of paint on his foot and needs to get a cane (47). He then proceeds to act like Doctor House for the rest of the episode (48) and even tries to solve a major medical mystery (49). It's definitely worth checking out (50).
That, ladies and gentlemen, are fifty things you might like to know about House MD. This is a relatively new section to my column; you see, I'm sort of playing around with the format.
I know that this isn't really my place, but since I'm House-obsessed at the moment, please indulge me. The House cast are doing a plea for blood donations, which I think is admirable. I come from the UK and I know that blood donation statistics are frighteningly low, which is why I give every three months. This is so goody-two-shoes, but please consider donating yourself. That's my good deed done.
Well, this is me signing off this issue. Come back next time for: reviews of Doctor Who (which spotlights in the 'fifty things you need to know about...' section), along with other assorted shows. Hope to see you then.
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The Mathematical Priestess, part II
Uruk Temple. Drawing Lamassu Design.
In Mesopotamia the first accounting systems arose out of the need to record and disperse temple commodities. Many of these early accounting scribes were women. As societies became more complex, arithmetical systems developed to accommodate trade, architecture, irrigation, and land division. Math and record-keeping were also necessary for the development of Mesopotamian astrology, which was the genesis for the Greek astrological system we use today. We’re not talking about grade school arithmetic at this point either: Mesopotamians had a base 60 counting system (it eased division), utilized square and cube root tables, calculated compound interest, and (by the later period) could calculate the time of an eclipse to within a few minutes. Both Mesopotamians and Egyptians understood triangular relationships long before Pythagoras, although the Greeks did provide the theorems.
Categories: Animals, Mesopotamia
Tags: math, mathematics, temples, Uruk
The Mathematical Priestess, part I
Hypatia, by Julia Margaret Cameron.
Note: This is the first of a four part series
I must admit that I approach this subject with trepidation. I’m concerned that some of my readers may be those for whom the keys to the numerical kingdoms have been denied, those who have bumped against that iron door and convinced themselves that beyond lies a sterile uninteresting yet unfathomable realm, filled with errors and yielding nothing of significance. I feel like I should sing a song and do a dance, maybe bring out a colorful Muppet cast for a chorus routine brought to you by the number nine, all to convince you that numbers have something relevant to say, something even you can understand.
Women have long been shut out of mathematical worlds. I can identify nine of these worlds, which should be intersecting but which are in some cases hermetically sealed. These nine worlds are those of arithmetical computation (including accounting and finance), applied mathematics (engineering, statistics, economics, physics), number theory, statistics, music, puzzles or riddles, philosophy, geometry, and symbolism. I do not say that there are only nine worlds; I like the number nine because it is the number for human gestation.
What makes nine the number for human gestation? That comes from a basic division of time based on the moon cycle, which at one time ruled the menstrual cycle. The first mathematicians were women, inventing numerical systems for calculating their menstrual cycles and the course of their pregnancies. Mathematics is, literally, in the blood.
Tags: Hypatia, math, numbers
Review: Breaking the Mother Goose Code
A study published earlier this year out of the State University of New York – Buffalo, finding that men are more narcissistic than women, was met with jokes and derision for being yet another academic examination of the obvious, but author Emily Grijalva responded eloquently that it is precisely those things that “everybody knows” that need to be examined. Not simply because they might not be true, although (obviously) there is a chance that they are false: establishing a fundamental fact (the what) allows us to move on to questions of why or how.
I thought of Grijalva’s words when I saw the promotion for Breaking the Mother Goose Code, about Mother Goose as a surviving form of the Mother Goddess. I believe I may have heard this idea from Z Budapest in the mid-1980s, but I don’t believe she made any claim to have researched this herself. I began showing my own students a picture of Aphrodite on her goose and calling her an early form of Mother Goose, and I don’t think it occurred to me or to anyone to examine the assumption.
In Breaking the Mother Goose Code Jeri Studebaker chronicles her effort to pin down the source of the nursery character, and on the journey with Mother Goose finds a long history of suppression of the Mother Goddess. Without delving exhaustively into the patriarchal takeover of Europe and the Christian takeover of religion, Studebaker provides the background for understanding why Mother Goose is such a powerful figure and how Christianity changed her. Studebaker gives a history of the fairytale and a synopsis of the prevalent theories for how European fairytales developed. There is a more detailed examination of the German goddess Holda than most women will be familiar with, along with some discussion about the goddesses Baba Yaga, Mari, Brigid and Aphrodite. There is some examination of theater history related to the Harlequin that appears in one of the rhymes. In addition to a history of their publication, Studebaker goes through the nursery rhymes line by line and attempts to decipher them. This involves a great deal of conjecture, but apparently this author is intrepid.
Studebaker’s intuition is on track in the avenues she explores, even when she admits that her evidence is tenuous. In some cases she seems to be unaware of information that would bolster her arguments further. I do disagree with her argument about classic fairytales created as an underground Pagan resistance movement. If anything, I think these fairytales were created as allegories against rival Christian institutions. I was going to expound on this, but it’s a rather esoteric point.
There is some great supplemental material in the appendices: a glossary, a list of fairytale codewords, a synopsis of the stories in Tales of Mother Goose, two timelines, and the full text of a Holda fairytale. The author did not neglect to provide references, a bibliography, and an index, which in this case were essential.
Source: MCAD Library/Wikimedia Commons
One regrettable omission: there are no pictures. Studebaker admits that an examination of artwork was essential to her research, and she refers to this artwork frequently. Priestesses in the Goddess Movement have become accustomed to relying on pictures to enhance their understanding, and I think the Internet has fueled the demand for illustrations even more. She says that the decision to omit pictures was made to accommodate e-book requirements, but many e-books do have illustrations. In fact, e-books should be making it easier and cheaper to produce books with pictures, as well as expanding other creative borders. I am aware that the variety of e-book readers on the market makes it challenging to format manuscripts, but even in the early days of the printing press, books had illustrations. There are a lot of e-book readers out there that are marketed to consumers with features that do about everything except wash your clothes, but at the same time they are limiting the ability of authors to produce creative content. It’s not right, and authors, publishers, and consumers should not be standing for it.
All in all I really liked this book (except for the pictures – did I mention that?). I hope the author will return to the subject of nursery rhymes, including Mother Goose. While the book is a respectable 300 pages there is still a lot of gold to mine here.
Categories: Animals, Reviews
Tags: Aphrodite, Breaking the Mother Goose Code, Holda, Jeri Studebaker, Mother Goose
Straight Girls I’m Talking to You: LGBT Friendly Doesn’t Mean Pro-Lesbian
It is important for Pagan and Goddess groups to become more aware of and responsive to the ways Lesbians are alienated and marginalized within the spiritual community. Lesbian erasure is rampant in literature, organizations, and events that purport to be “LGBT friendly.” In fact, sometimes acknowledging or making an outreach to the “LGBT” ends up directly alienating lesbians, making enemies where there were none before.
Erasure is different from inclusion. When there is lack of inclusion of a minority group, they are simply not there. Lack of inclusion may be a problem or it may not be, since every group does not purport to serve everyone. Erasure means that a significant number of people are participating in a group at a high level, but everyone pretends they’re not there. Erasure of women is a problem in virtually any group that is not women only. Erasure of lesbians can be a problem even in women only groups.
It’s important for straight women to know that having a gay male friend you would do anything for does not mean lesbians will assume that you are on their side. Many straight women have gay male friends while maintaining distance from women they describe as “unfeminine,” “angry,” “too radical,” or some other adjective which is really an oblique way of saying “lesbian.” Maintaining that “of course I can’t be homophobic against lesbians, I have these great gay male friends” is naïve at best and offensive at worst.
Source: Gender Identity Watch
By the same token, expressing support for “LGBT” organizations (or sometimes even using the initials LGBT) will not win you automatic friends in the Lesbian community. Gay organizations often do not understand or prioritize the concerns of lesbians, advocating for lesbians only when an issue occurs which also affects gay men (and sometimes not even then). This has been a problem since the beginning of the gay rights movement. Exacerbating the problem today is the tendency of well established advocacy organizations to begin working in tandem. These organizations are started by sincere individuals with a high level of commitment, but once established they tend to attract individuals seeking ego gratification from association with an organization of high repute. These individuals will see other executives in other high profile organizations as their core constituency, making policy decisions that reflect loyalty to this constituency. Lesbians quite often do not perceive LGBT organizations as working in their interest, and in the last 5 to 10 years this has gotten much worse, with many lesbians now saying that the LGBT lobbies directly against their interests.
What does this mean for spiritual groups that are not expressly LGBT? It means don’t point to a policy statement or endorsement from an LGBT group and expect it to hold favor with lesbians – or worse, invalidate what a lesbian has to say by pointing to an LGBT advocacy group. If anything, invoking the LGBT makes you look tone deaf and out of touch. The initials LGBT, much used by advocacy groups and in the media, do not mean that the people these initials represent have a great deal in common. There are even some under each of these letters who say this alliance needs to break up. So writing a few lines about transgender women in a book about Goddess spirituality will not be seen as acknowledging the significant participation of lesbians in this area. Giving an award to a gay man will not be seen as bestowing recognition on lesbians.
It would behoove straight women to listen more to lesbians and seek lesbian opinions on “LGBT” issues. Don’t assume that the left media on the internet is doing this. Listen to lesbians talk about their spirituality and their relationship with the Goddess and what they seek in spiritual community. Above all, acknowledge lesbians are in the Pagan/Goddess/feminist communities in significant numbers. And that we want them here.
Categories: Feminism
Tags: feminist, goddess, lesbian
The Goddess and the City
The mythology of Mesopotamia revolves around the accouterments of civilization to a surprising degree. Maybe it’s because cities were founded so early in that region, sometime before 4,000 B.C.E. One myth even concerns itself primarily on how Inanna brought various technologies to her city of Uruk. Another myth describes how wild creatures were banished from a tree so it could be fashioned for Inanna’s throne. The most famous Mesopotamian myth, The Epic of Gilgamesh, concerns itself with the tensions between urban and rural life.
I just finished a book called Mesopotamia: The Invention of the City by Gwendolyn Leick that underscored for me the central place of the city in Mesopotamian religious life. Before the invention of cities, the gods lived in heaven, and they created dry land in the sea below with the idea of building a dwelling place for themselves. That dwelling was the temple, and the surrounding city, like humans themselves, was created to serve the needs of the gods in their home. Leike points out “Thus the Mesopotamian Eden is not a garden but a city, formed from a piece of dry land surrounded by waters.” The significance of this reason for creating earth is that “Contrary to the biblical Eden, from which man was banished for ever after the Fall, Eridu remained a real place, imbued with sacredness but always accessible.”
There have not been a lot of books about Mesopotamia in English published in the last twenty years that are directed toward a lay audience, and still fewer written by women. My interest in Mesopotamia is in religion from a feminist standpoint, and I have no interest in urban planning and still less in the dizzying history of war and conquest in this region. I trusted that my subject would be treated at least tangentially, and I was pleasantly surprised. This was a reminder yet again that you cannot understand the religion of a culture without understanding many aspects that our secularized society has designated nonreligious.
This is a book for people who have already read a bit about Mesopotamia. The material is dense, although clearly written, and there is a lot of politics that will not interest most people. The biases of the milieu Leick comes from are apparent, especially in the first few chapters where the dearth of evidence necessitates some speculation. Unlike many academic writers she does address issues of class, ethnicity, and women’s status, and she identifies places where religious texts are driven by political concerns. I recommend that novices start with Mesopotamian myth and poetry, such as that found in Gilgamesh: A New English Translation by Stephen Mitchell or Inanna: Queen of Heaven and Earth by Diane Wolkstein and Samuel Noah Kramer, which also has some introductory commentary. But if you’re ready to move on to some historical context, this is a book I would check out.
There is still time to sign up for my online course Emerging Interpretations of Inanna’s Descent.
Categories: Mesopotamia
Tags: Inanna, Uruk
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The Difference in Single Action & Double Action Semi-Automatics
by Gus Stephens
Semi-automatic firearms may utilize single or double-action trigger mechanisms.
All semi-automatic firearms perform the same three functions after you pull the trigger: the gun fires, the spent cartridge ejects and the next cartridge loads into the chamber. The additional elements of semi-automatic operation differ according to whether the firearm is single-action or double-action. Early semi-automatic pistols such as the Luger and the Colt Model 1911 were entirely single-action. The German Walther, introduced in the late 1920s, was the first double-action model. The Walther was a police model and, in the years since, many officers have used double-action, semi-auto pistols as duty weapons for law enforcement.
In a single action semi-automatic pistol, once you insert the magazine and cock the hammer, the action of pulling the trigger performs just one function: releasing the hammer to fire the weapon. Recocking the hammer for the next shot is automatically performed by the operating mechanism. Thus, the pistol is fully ready to fire the next shot with another single-action pull of the trigger to release the hammer. Since the trigger pull performs just a single function, the trigger pull on a single action firearm is light and short.
In double-action operation, pulling the trigger performs more than a single function. After the first shot in a double-action only firearm, the mechanism ejects the spent cartridge and chambers the next round, but does not cock the hammer back. The hammer remains in the down position. When the shooter pulls the trigger for the next shot, the trigger mechanism performs the dual action of pushing the hammer back to the cocked position, then releasing it to fire the shot. Because the trigger mechanism performs two functions, the trigger pull on a single-action firearm is long and heavy. Some police model double-action pistols have a 15-pound trigger pull.
Single Action Safety
Since the hammer is cocked when the slide chambers the first round, and again after every shot, loaded single action semi-automatics may be only a short, light trigger pull away from accidental discharge. For safety, either carry the weapon with no round chambered, necessitating operating the slide to make it fire-ready, or it must utilize external safeties for "cocked and locked" carry. Most single-action safeties function by blocking the hammer so it will not fall if the trigger is pulled or by blocking the trigger itself. Alternatively, many have decocking levers to safely lower the hammer from the cocked position for carry, requiring manually recocking to fire.
Double Action Safety
Because double action semi-automatics do not cock the hammer, the weapon is not as prone to inadvertent discharge, so safeties are not as necessary. Many double-action semi-automatics designed for law enforcement or military service employ no external safety. The long, multi-pound trigger pull of the double- action mechanism serves as its primary safety, in addition to internal safeties to guard against accidental discharge if you drop the weapon.
Speed Versus Accuracy
When carried safely, single-action semi-autos require the safety to be disengaged before they can be fired. Since double-action pistols can be carried without an external safety that needs to be disengaged, double- action firearms are considered to be faster on the first shot. On the other hand, the shorter, lighter trigger pull of a single-action mechanism is more conducive to steady aim and accuracy than the long, heavy trigger pull of a double-action. There's a saying: a single-action wins marksmanship trophies but double-action wins gunfights.
Chuck Hawks; Trigger Options Of The Semi-Automatic Handgun
Gus Stephens has written about aviation, automotive and home technology for 15 years. His articles have appeared in major print outlets such as "Popular Mechanics" and "Invention & Technology." Along the way, Gus earned a Bachelor of Arts in communications. If it flies, drives or just sits on your desk and blinks, he's probably fixed it.
Hemera Technologies/PhotoObjects.net/Getty Images
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Category: know
May 31, 2019 May 31, 2019 goodnewseverybodycom know, now, the, Uncategorized, Vikings, were, who, You
Now You Know: Who were the Vikings?
A brief history of the Vikings November 26, 2018 at 4:00 pm historyextra.com
Invaders, predators, barbarians – the Vikings are often portrayed merely as one-dimensional warriors whose achievements include little more than plundering and raiding. But from where did the Vikings originate and were they really violent, godless pagans? Here, Philip Parker explains the real history of the Viking world…
“…Iceland became Christian to avoid a civil war. Competing pagan and Christian factions threatened to tear the Althing apart and dissolve Iceland into separate, religiously hostile, states. At the Althing’s meeting in the year 1000 the rival factions appealed to Iceland’s most important official, the lawspeaker Thorgeir Thorkelsson. As a pagan he might have been expected to favour the old gods but, after an entire day spent agonising over the decision, he concluded that henceforth all Icelanders would be Christian. A few exceptions were made – for example the eating of horsemeat, a favoured delicacy that was also associated with pagan sacrifices, was to be permitted…”
Ancient Norse Vikings | History Documentary – YouTube
Editors History.com
“..From around A.D. 800 to the 11th century, a vast number of Scandinavians left their homelands to seek their fortunes elsewhere. These seafaring warriors–known collectively as Vikings or Norsemen (“Northmen”)–began by raiding coastal sites, especially undefended monasteries, in the British Isles. Over the next three centuries, they would leave their mark as pirates, raiders, traders and settlers on much of Britain and the European continent, as well as parts of modern-day Russia, Iceland, Greenland and Newfoundland…
..European peoples they confronted–was that they came from a foreign land, they were not “civilized” in the local understanding of the word and–most importantly–they were not Christian…
Early Viking Raids
In A.D. 793, an attack on the Lindisfarne monastery off the coast of Northumberland in northeastern England marked the beginning of the Viking Age. The culprits–probably Norwegians who sailed directly across the North Sea–did not destroy the monastery completely, but the attack shook the European religious world to its core. Unlike other groups, these strange new invaders had no respect for religious institutions such as the monasteries, which were often left unguarded and vulnerable near the shore. Two years later, Viking raids struck the undefended island monasteries of Skye and Iona (in the Hebrides) as well as Rathlin (off the northeast coast of Ireland). The first recorded raid in continental Europe came in 799, at the island monastery of St Philibert’s on Noirmoutier, near the estuary of the Loire River….
End of the Viking Age
The events of 1066 in England effectively marked the end of the Viking Age. By that time, all of the Scandinavian kingdoms were Christian, and what remained of Viking “culture” was being absorbed into the culture of Christian Europe….”
-Runestone?
*see USA: Minnesota- Runestone in Kensington (Douglas County) smiletravelingblog.wordpress.com
Vikings in Minnesota? The Mystery of the Kensington Runestone Aug 25, 2018 Matthew Gaskill thevintagenews.com
“..For about eight hundred years, Scandinavians carved and erected stone monuments to their achievements, family members (dead and alive), property and beliefs. These “runestones” were erected throughout the region between the 4th century AD and the end of the Viking Age in the 12th century AD…”
April 5, 2019 April 5, 2019 goodnewseverybodycom 2019, floods, know, Midwest, now, of, Uncategorized, You
Now You Know: Midwest Floods of 2019
Roads, towns and livelihoods are washed away in Midwest floods
Ongoing flooding across the Midwest has left thousands of homes damaged and vast swaths of farmland underwater. Residents and public officials alike are trying to cope with washed-out roads, lost livestock, ruined crops, and a lack of supplies. Meanwhile, weather experts are predicting a “potentially unprecedented” flood season. Judy Woodruff speaks to Nebraska Gov. Pete Ricketts for more.
Alert Experts Warn Of Historic Widespread Flooding! Food Prices Skyrocket As 1000s Farms Destroyed
Epic Economist
We have never seen catastrophic flooding like this, and the NOAA is now telling us that there will be more major flooding for at least two more months. On Thursday, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration warned that “historic, widespread flooding” would “continue through May”. More than 90 percent of the upper Midwest and Great Plains is currently covered by an average of 10.7 inches of snow, and all of that snow is starting to melt. That means that we are going to transition from one of the worst winters in modern history to a flood season that has already taken an apocalyptic turn for farmers all across America. At this moment, millions of acres of farmland are already underwater. Thousands of farmers are not going to be able to plant crops this year, and thousands of other farmers that have been financially ruined by the floods will never return to farming again. This is already the worst agricultural disaster in modern American history, and it is going to get a whole lot worse.
Iowa flooding: Here’s how to donate, volunteer and otherwise help victims in western Iowa Shelby Fleig, Des Moines Register Published 1:29 p.m. CT March 20, 2019 | Updated 2:04 p.m. CT April 4, 2019 desmoinesregister.com
“..After touring flooding in Mills County on Monday morning, Gov. Kim Reynolds said she was “unprepared for the level of damage” she saw — and has declared disasters in 41 counties.
Here are several verified ways to help flooding victims:..
NEBRASKA FLOODING 2019 (the most important video I’ve ever made)
Whitetail Fit
What is happening along the river banks of Nebraska is absolutely devastating and heartbreaking. These towns are being destroyed and severely affecting the people who call these places home. People, Cattle, and livestock being trapped without any way to get to them, homes being submerged by a rush of 10 foot water and 2 foot thick chunks of ice bigger than a truck. These are the same river banks I have had some of my most memorable hunting experiences on. Those properties are 100% under water right now.. I am partnering with the American RedCross of Nebraska and have set up a means and outlet through Whitetail Fit and GoFundMe for people to donate and help out however they can to get food, water and clothing to the 15+ shelters set up along the eastern border of Nebraska. This money will also be used to help rebuild these peoples lives. This is our community, our town and our State. I may not be able to do much on my own, but together and through the Whitetail Fit family, I’ve seen some pretty amazing things happen. I believe in the Hunting community, and the passion everyone has in their hearts to help when there are those who are helpless. I’ll be posting more from here out and keeping everyone up to date on the efforts. Thanks guys! Joel Burham, Owner Whitetail Fit
Link to GoFundMe page to help the victims:
https://www.gofundme.com/nebraskaiowa…
As Million Calves Lost In Nebraska Beef Prices To Escalate Dramatically In The
Coming Months
According to Agriculture Secretary Sunny Purdue, there “may be as many as a million calves lost in Nebraska” due to the catastrophic flooding that has hit the state. This is not a rumor, this is not an exaggeration, and this is not based on any sort of speculation. This number comes to us directly from the top agriculture official in the entire country, and it means that the economic toll from the recent floods is far greater than most of us had anticipated. You can watch Purdue make this quote on Fox Business right here, and it is important to remember that this number is just for one state. It is hard to imagine what the final numbers will look like when the livestock losses for all of the states affected by the flooding are tallied up. This is already the worst agricultural disaster in modern American history, and the National Weather Service is telling us that there will be more catastrophic flooding throughout the middle portion of the nation for the next two months.
Real Footage, After Nebraska Floods 2019 … people, farm animals
Real Footage
Billions in damages in Midwest after floods.
Nebraska flooding biggest disaster in state’s history.
Farmers salvaging what they can after floods.
From farms to wedding plans, neighbors offer help amidst Midwest floods.
Volunteers start work in flooded Nebraska.
Billions in damages in US Midwest after Missouri River overflows. Nebraska farmers and ranchers are in the process of putting their lives back together after recent storms and flooding caused more than $1 billion in damage to the agricultural industry.
Flooding is a big concern for large parts of central U.S. The rising Missouri River in particular has already claimed at least three lives. The flooding has also destroyed hundreds of homes and caused billions of dollars in damage. Weather experts have warned the danger from flooding could persist into May.
-Ashland, Nebraska
Clean up begins as floodwaters recede in Nebraska – YouTube
AP Archive
(28 Mar 2019) Residents in eastern Nebraska are beginning to clean up as floodwaters recede across the Midwest.
Ashland, Nebraska resident Larry Lindberg, who lives right along the Platte River, showed a water line that rose above his hip on his home’s garage.
Just north of Ashland, in Mead, a flooded water treatment plant at a Superfund site that stores radioactive waste and explosives was shut down for a few days. It is now back up and running.
The Environmental Protection Agency reported Wednesday that there were no releases of hazardous contaminants at any of eight toxic waste sites in flooded parts of Missouri, Nebraska and Iowa.
The EPA identified the Nebraska Ordnance Plant in Mead, and the Conservation Chemical Corporation site in Kansas City, Missouri, as heavily flooded Superfund sites that required the agency to take immediate action to prevent the spread of contaminated groundwater.
Two Iowa sites had some minor flooding but did not require the agency to immediately do anything. It plans to reassess once the floodwaters recede.
With little flood storage at Gavins Point, Corps of Engineers took rare steps during flooding By Nancy Gaarder / World-Herald staff writer 17 hrs ago 5 omaha.com/
“..From the air, Lewis and Clark Lake along the Nebraska-South Dakota border appears immense as it stretches some 25 miles behind Gavins Point Dam.
It would be logical to think of the sprawling lake — formed by damming the Missouri River — as a big deal in flood protection.
There’s 90 miles of shoreline along this watery playground that draws 2 million visitors a year.
It is formed by one of six massive dams on the Missouri River, all operated by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers…”
-Prayer
Historic moment to #PrayandServe
Nebraska Family Alliance
Sunday – April 7th, 2019 is a Statewide Day of Prayer for disaster victims and recovery relief in Nebraska. Find out more at Karen Bowling, NFA’s Executive Director shares on this historic moment.
-Thank You for Help!!
Southview Baptist Church makes it their mission to help the … – YouTube
Mar 23, 2019 – Uploaded by Channel 8 KLKN-TV
Southview Baptist Church makes it their mission to help the Nebraska flood victims. Channel 8 KLKN …
Volunteers Start Work in Flooded Nebraska – YouTube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p68QHaNgKuU
Samaritans Purse
Samaritan’s Purse volunteers are mudding out houses in Nebraska that were inundated when heavy rainfall and rapid snowmelt caused catastrophic flooding. Please pray for homeowners and our teams as they provide relief and share the Gospel with flood victims.
Operation Blessing Volunteers Helping Nebraska Flood Victims Clean Out Homes 04-02-2019 Christian Ellis cbn.com
“..The damage is so extensive that surging water levels have left a large area without any way to protect against future floods. Operation Blessing volunteers have been working to remove debris and sheetrock from homes that have water damage.
In an interview with CBN News, Senior Director of U.S Disaster Relief Anthony Lloyd shared the organization specializes in hot meals, flood relief and cleaning houses. Furthermore, their biggest goal is to encourage the victims, calling themselves the “hands and feet of Jesus”.
Photos of the 2019 flooding from around the state April 1, 2019 Delainey LaHood newscenter1.tv
“..RAPID CITY, S.D. — South Dakota was hit with record breaking flooding this spring — an issue that may continue through the rest of the season.
We’ve assembled a photo gallery of flooding across the state, including emergency personnel members working hard to help residents in need.
You can submit your own photos of the flooding to this gallery by clicking the blue “Submit Your Photo” button at the top of this article…
Prayer with Action
How you can help Midwest flooding victims CNN Special Projects Portraits Amy Chillag By Amy Chillag, CNN Updated 10:03 AM ET, Wed April 3, 2019 cnn.com
“..It has killed livestock, ruined harvests and made the future look bleak for many farmers – some still reeling from the 2011 floods.
There are several organizations helping victims right now with shelter, food, and water. Relief groups are also standing by to provide long-term relief…”
How to help those affected by the Midwest flooding Nation Mar 18, 2019 6:28 PM EDT — Updated on Mar 21, 2019 12:20 PM EDT pbs.org
“..Across the region, hundreds of homes are flooded and families are displaced. Waters have reached historic levels, spurred by a late-winter storm last week. Flooding caused water to rise hitting 41 feet in Plattsmouth, Nebraska, and more than 30 feet in Iowa’s Fremont County. Freeport City, Illinois, anticipated its worst flooding in 50 years — and that’s the best case scenario, according to the Associated Press.
As river levels begin to top off and slowly recede in Nebraska, Iowa, Missouri and Kansas, states like Illinois and North Dakota are readying for similar disasters.
Here are some ways you can help these families and communities…”
How to Help Those Impacted by the Midwest Flooding gofundme.com
“..Flooding in the Midwest and Great Plains caused by melting snow and extremely heavy rains have forced thousands of people to evacuate their homes. The floods have destroyed houses, crops, and have displaced families.
Below you can find verified GoFundMe fundraisers to support those impacted by the floods.
All fundraisers are backed by the GoFundMe Guarantee, which means we guarantee all funds get to the right place or they’ll get a refund. For more information read about GoFundMe Trust and Safety…”
-International
->Africa
Funds Set Up to Help Disaster Victims in Midwest, Mozambique Mar 22, 2019By Stan Friedman covenantcompanion.com
“..CHICAGO, IL (March 22, 2019) – The Evangelical Covenant Church has established two separate funds to help people respond to the flooding disasters in the Midwest and Mozambique. Local congregations in the Midwest also have been providing assistance in their areas, including places that still are difficult to travel…”
Praise Report-thank you!!
Tyson Foods Helping Flooding Victims in Midwest – YouTube
January 10, 2019 January 10, 2019 goodnewseverybodycom batteries, know, now, technology, Uncategorized, You
Now You Know: Technology-Batteries
Charged up: the history and development of batteries April 30, 2015 1.23am EDT theconversation.com
“..Batteries have been with us for a long time. In 1938 the Director of the Baghdad Museum found what is now referred to as the “Baghdad Battery” in the basement of the museum. Analysis dated it at around 250BC and of Mesopotamian origin.
The Baghdad battery ancient-origins.net
“..Although it is not known exactly what the use of such a device would have been, the name ‘ Baghdad Battery ’, or ‘Parthian Battery’, comes from one of the prevailing theories established in 1938 when Wilhelm Konig , the German archaeologist who performed the excavations, examined the battery and concluded that this device was an ancient electric battery. Another theory suggests that they were containers to hold papyrus. ..”
The Baghdad Battery – Did Ancient People Enjoy Electricity Like We Do?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eIUhAUDHU-8
“..Published on May 21, 2018
Dr. Michael S. Heiser discusses the Baghdad Battery, and whether or not ancient people had the benefit of electricity for everyday living. And if they were using electricity, who brought it to them? Learn more from this episode at the FringePop321.com website at: https://www.fringepop321.com/the-bagh…..”
Mysterious Facts About Ancient Baghdad Battery – Strange Artifacts
Ancient Batteries of Babylon That Will Change The Way You Think Forever
Pyramids True Purpose FINALLY DISCOVERED: Advanced Ancient Technology
Pre-Flood World Technology That Destroys Evolution (Documentary)
OPBC Online
This new video in the Pre-Flood series has tons of pictures and documents. Please see our other video in this series called “The Sights And Sounds Of The Pre Flood World”. Also in this in this format it is a must watch.
Check out this video of Steven Hawking
Download this sermon here. http://www.sermonaudio.com/sermoninfo…
Website – http://www.oldpathsbaptistchurch.org/
Sermon Audio Page – http://www.sermonaudio.com/source_det…
OPBC Facebook – https://www.facebook.com/Pastorcooley1/
Pastor Cooley’s Facebook – https://www.facebook.com/pastor.cooley/
Brother Finney’s Website, Separation of Church and State Law – https://jeraldfinney.wordpress.com/
Old Paths Baptist Church
Pastor Jason Cooley
Minnesota..”
*see 24 minute mark to skip to the battery topic
Batteries: A Big Idea That Turned on the World
Collin’s Lab: History of the Battery @adafruit #adafruit – YouTube
November 27, 2018 December 21, 2018 goodnewseverybodycom History, Holocaust, impact, know, now, Present, Uncategorized, WWII, You
Now You Know: Impact of WWII Holocaust History and Present
Documenting Numbers of Victims of the Holocaust and Nazi Persecution encyclopedia.ushmm.org
The Holocaust is the best documented case of genocide. Despite this, calculating the numbers of individuals who were killed as the result of Nazi policies is an impossible task. There is no single wartime document that spells out how many people were killed. And in some cases, contrary to popular opinion, records were not kept.
Documenting Numbers of Victims
of the Holocaust & Nazi Persecution jewishvirtuallibrary.org
“…These estimates are calculated from wartime reports generated by those who implemented Nazi population policy, and postwar demographic studies on population loss during World War II.
Number of Deaths
Jews: up to 6 million
Soviet civilians: around 7 million (including 1.3 Soviet Jewish civilians, who are included in the 6 million figure for Jews)
Soviet prisoners of war: around 3 million (including about 50,000 Jewish soldiers)
Non-Jewish Polish civilians: around 1.8 million (including between 50,000 and 100,000 members of the Polish elites)
Serb civilians (on the territory of Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina): 312,000
People with disabilities living in institutions: up to 250,000
Roma: 196,000–220,000
Jehovah’s Witnesses: around 1,900
Repeat criminal offenders and so-called asocials: at least 70,000
German political opponents and resistance activists in Axis-occupied territory: undetermined
Homosexuals: hundreds, possibly thousands (possibly also counted in part under the 70,000 repeat criminal offenders and so-called asocials noted above)..”
Top 10 Most Horrific Genocides In History toptenz.net
Top 10 Most Horrific Genocides In History
By Jeff Danelek on November 14, 2012 History
The term “genocide” is one of those controversial terms that can lead to all kinds of problems. The problem is that the term has been so politicized, and frequently used to attack leaders or countries that one dislikes, that it has come to mean different things to different people. For instance, the term has frequently been used to describe what white settlers did to the Native Americans over the last few centuries, when much of the indigenous population of the United States was wiped out. However, the overwhelming majority of those deaths were due to smallpox being inadvertently introduced into a native population that lacked the biological means to resist it which, while devastating, was not a genocide as it was not done intentionally.
For something to qualify as genocide, it has to be a deliberate, calculated decision by a particular ethnic or religious group, leader, or a government to exterminate, or otherwise destroy, a specific group of people for religious, cultural, racial, or political reasons. This can be done either through direct action (murder) or through indirect means (deportation or starvation). Using this general definition, then, what were the most horrific acts of genocide committed throughout history? It will always be something of an exercise in subjectivity to determine which were the worst, as how does one go about measuring such a thing? Is it a matter of sheer number of victims? Duration? Political ramifications? Nevertheless, here is my attempt to list the ten largest, most horrific, or best-known genocides in human history…”
Heinrich Himmler
“..Heinrich Luitpold Himmler (German: [ˈhaɪnʁɪç ˈluːɪtˌpɔlt ˈhɪmlɐ] (About this soundlisten); 7 October 1900 – 23 May 1945) was Reichsführer of the Schutzstaffel (Protection Squadron; SS), and a leading member of the Nazi Party (NSDAP) of Germany. Himmler was one of the most powerful men in Nazi Germany and one of the people most directly responsible for the Holocaust. ..
. From 1943 onwards, he was both Chief of German Police and Minister of the Interior, overseeing all internal and external police and security forces, including the Gestapo (Secret State Police). Himmler had a lifelong interest in occultism, interpreting Germanic neopagan and Völkisch beliefs to promote the racial policy of Nazi Germany, and incorporating esoteric symbolism and rituals into the SS. ..
In August 1941, Himmler attended the shooting of 100 Jews at Minsk. Nauseated and shaken by the experience,[124] he was concerned about the impact such actions would have on the mental health of his SS men. He decided that alternate methods of killing should be found.[125][126] On his orders, by early 1942 the camp at Auschwitz had been greatly expanded, including the addition of gas chambers, where victims were killed using the pesticide Zyklon B.[127] Himmler visited the camp in person on 17 and 18 July 1942. He was given a demonstration of a mass killing using the gas chamber..
The Nazis planned to kill Polish intellectuals and restrict non-Germans in the General Government and conquered territories to a fourth-grade education.[140] The Nazis wanted to breed a master race of racially pure Nordic Aryans in Germany. As an agronomist and farmer Himmler was acquainted with the principles of selective breeding, which he proposed to apply to humans. He believed that he could engineer the German populace, for example, through eugenics, to be Nordic in appearance within several decades of the end of the war.[141]..”
Jewish Persecution
*see GoodnewsEverybody.com: Middleeastern-Israelites Persecuted History middleeastern.goodnewseverybody.com
Holocaust speaker to be in Hancock, Morris By news@stevenscountytimes.com on Nov 23, 2018 at 6:29 p.m. stevenscountytimes.com
“…After retiring as a professor from the University of Minnesota Minneapolis in 2001, where he was employed for 50 years as a professor of communication and creativity, Fred Amram has spent most of his time in retirement addressing his history as a Holocaust survivor. He’s given lectures to students, military members and government agencies, and published a memoir titled “We’re in America Now: A Survivor’s Stories,” which details his upbringing in Germany and in America.
Amram wrote about witnessing the national wave of violent anti-Jewish attacks known as Kristallnacht and the Gestapo raiding his home; he watched British bombers from his balcony, when Jews were banned from air raid shelters; he saw his father forced into slave labor; and he lost extended family members in the ghettos and concentration camps.
Amram will speak at the Stevens County Historical Society Museum at 7 p.m. on Tuesday, Nov. 27, and to students at Hancock Schools on Wednesday, Nov. 28, a news release said.
He was 2 when the Nazi Party passed the Nuremberg Laws in 1935, which deprived Jews of their citizenship and prohibited them from marrying or having relations with Germans.
Amram and his parents would endure four more years of anti-Semitism, air raids and repeated Gestapo searches before fleeing their home in Hanover in November 1939. They eventually settled in New York City and were granted American citizenship. (It was less than two months ago when Amram regained his German Citizenship.)..”
Fred Amram
Portraying Fred Amram
CHGSumn
Fred Amram was born September 19, 1933 in Hanover Germany, where he experienced the early years of the Holocaust. An only child, he and his parents found their way to Antwerp, Belgium in November 1939 before escaping later that month to New York City. For many years the family had no idea the fate their extended families members had suffered until Fred, learned after doing research at Yad Vashem that his 3 ½ year old cousin, Aaltje, and Aunt Käthe died at Auschwitz on February 19, 1943. After attending the New York State College of Forestry and graduating from Syracuse University, he became a graduate student at the University of Minnesota and ultimately a professor of Speech Communication in the University’s General College. He has published three academic books, and dozens of scholarly articles. He currently writes about his experiences in the Holocaust and as a refugee in his adopted country.
Glimpses of Jewish Life before the Holocaust – YouTube
The Development of the “Final Solution”
Hitler’s tipping point: When extermination of the Jews became official Nazi policy By JP O’ Malley 5 March 2017, 11:16 am timesofisrael.com
It was somewhere in the first half of 1942, argues Holocaust scholar Laurence Rees, that the Final Solution became the only solution
“..“The key thing to understanding [the Holocaust] in Lithuania is the hated occupation by the Soviets as the consequence of the Nazi-Soviet pact,” Rees explains.
“Many in Lithuania believed the lie that the Nazis were peddling at the time, that communism equals Judaism and that Jews were aiding the Soviet authorities,” the historian adds.
If there had not been the Soviet occupation of the Baltic states immediately preceding the Nazi invasion, Rees says the Holocaust in Lithuania might have gone very differently and many Jews could have possibly survived…
“The Nazis knew that if they kept shooting people they would have psychological problems for the killers. So the gas chambers solved this problem,” says Rees…”
-Jews
Nazi Collaborators 9: Jews Who Fought for Hitler
USTAŠE- THE FASCISTS THAT MADE THE NAZI’S LOOK LIKE BOYSCOUTS June 16, 2016 by dirkdeklein dirkdeklein.net
“..The ideology of the movement was a blend of fascism, Roman Catholicism and Croatian nationalism.The Ustaše supported the creation of a Greater Croatia that would span the River Drina and extend to the border of Belgrade.The movement emphasized the need for a racially “pure” Croatia and promoted genocide against Serbs, Jews and Romani people, and persecution of anti-fascist or dissident Croatians.
The Ustaše were fiercely Catholic, identifying it with Croatian nationalism. They declared that the Catholic and Muslim faiths were the religions of the Croatian people. They claimed the Islam of the Bosniaks was a religion which “keeps true the blood of Croats”.
“Increased activity of the bands [of rebels] is chiefly due to atrocities carried out by Ustaše units in Croatia against the Orthodox population. The Ustaše committed their deeds in a bestial manner not only against males of conscript age, but especially against helpless old people, women and children. The number of the Orthodox that the Croats have massacred and sadistically tortured to death is about three hundred thousand”
..The history textbooks in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia cited 700,000 as the total number of victims at Jasenovac. According to the Simon Wiesenthal Center (citing the Encyclopedia of the Holocaust), “Ustasa terrorists killed 500,000 Serbs, expelled 250,000 and forced 250,000 to convert to Catholicism. They murdered thousands of Jews and Gypsies.”..
In contrast, clergymen such as Archbishop of Mostar Alojzije Mišić and priest Marko Oršolić publicly condemned the Ustaše yet suffered no repression…
At the end of war, Ustaše continued fighting for a short while after the formal surrender of German Army Group E on 9 May 1945, and many refugees attempted to escape to Austria. Pavelić, however, with the help of associates among the Franciscans, managed to escape and hide in Austria and Rome, later fleeing to Argentina..”
World War II Serb Holocaust No Fiction MAY 12, 1994 nytimes.com
“..In June 1941, Milan Budak, then Croatian minister of education, is on record as stating that Croatia was to be a state of two religions: Roman Catholicism and Islam. Bosnia-Herzegovina was part of wartime Croatia, and the Bosnian Muslims were encouraged to massacre Serbs; the Bosnian Muslim Handzjar unit of the SS was particularly effective in this regard. According to Budak’s openly stated policy, Serbs should be dealt with in three ways: one-third to be exterminated, one-third deported and the rest converted to Catholicism…”
Croatia should apologize for World War II genocide before joining the EU April 2, 2010 By James Bissett csmonitor.com
‘…Just this week, the Serbian parliament apologized for its role in the infamous Srebrenica massacre of 1995 that killed some 7,000 Bosnian Muslims. Such an apology was considered unthinkable even a few years ago, yet the pressures of joining the EU helped nudge that nation to account for this war crime.
In 2001, Croatian President Stepjan Mesic apologized to Jews in an address delivered at the Israeli Knesset. In 2003, he joined Serbia’s president in a mutual apology for “all the evils” each side had brought during the Balkan conflict.
Bosnian Genocide history.com
“..In May 1993, the U.N. Security Council created the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) at The Hague, Netherlands. It was the first international tribunal since the Nuremberg Trials in 1945-46, and the first to prosecute genocide, among other war crimes.
..After a trial lasting more than four years and involving the testimony of nearly 600 witnesses, the ICTY found Mladic, who had been dubbed the “Butcher of Bosnia,” guilty of genocide and other crimes against humanity in November 2017. The tribunal sentenced the 74-year-old former general to life in prison. Coming on the heels of Karadzic’s conviction for war crimes the previous year, Mladic’s long-delayed conviction marked the last major prosecution by the ICTY.
In Germany’s extermination program for black Africans, a template for the Holocaust By Edwin Black 5 May 2016, 12:05 pm 32 25,491 timesofisrael.com
Decades before the Nazis turned to the Jews, German colonialists in Southwest Africa – now Namibia – dehumanized, built death camps for, and slaughtered tens of thousands of tribespeople in a systematic genocide. Here, Edwin Black reveals the full horrors of an eerie and odious precursor of the Shoah, and its legacy in the US
“..Beginning in 1884, Germany colonized four territories across the breadth of the continent: Togoland, the Cameroons, Tanganyika, and a main coastal presence in Southwest Africa, now known as Namibia. In Southwest Africa, German settlers were able to establish lucrative plantations by exploiting the labor of local Herero and Nama (also known as Hottentot) indigenous peoples. German banks and industrialists combined to provide needed economic support and investment. Berlin dispatched a small military contingent to protect white settlers as they confronted the lightly armed African natives considered subhuman in Germany’s twisted notion of racial hierarchy…”
Why Do People Still Deny The Holocaust?
5 Facts That The Holocaust Never Happened
NSTruth1488
Jews and the African Slave Trade BY MJL myjewishlearning.com
Like many others, Jews participated in the trans-Atlantic slave trade, but they by no means dominated it.
“..The participants in the Atlantic slave system included Arabs, Berbers, scores of African ethnic groups, Italians, Portuguese, Spaniards, Dutch, Jews, Germans, Swedes, French, English, Danes, white Americans, Native Americans, and even thousands of New World blacks who had been emancipated or were descended from freed slaves but who then became slaveholding farmers or planters themselves.
Davis went on to note that in the American South in 1830 there were “120 Jews among the 45,000 slaveholders owning twenty or more slaves and only twenty Jews among the 12,000 slaveholders owning fifty or more slaves.”…”
HISTORY: Jewish Slavetrade Documentary
Ford’s Anti-Semitism .pbs.org
“..Henry Ford’s anti-Semitic views echoed the fears and assumptions of many Americans in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Anti-Semitism in America saw a change in expression and virulence when increased immigration from Europe brought millions of Jews to the U.S. during Ford’s childhood in the latter half of the 19th century. It reached its peak during the mid-1920s: a time when Ku Klux Klanmembership had reached four million, Prohibition restricted alcohol consumption, and discriminatory immigration policies were enacted favoring immigrants from northern and western Europe over other parts of the world.
A close friend recalled a camping trip in 1919 during which Ford lectured a group around the campfire. He “attributes all evil to Jews or to the Jewish capitalists,” the friend wrote in his diary. “The Jews caused the war, the Jews caused the outbreak of thieving and robbery all over the country, the Jews caused the inefficiency of the navy…”..
What did the Jewish community think about Ford’s paper?
For the Jews who are reading Ford’s rants in The Dearborn Independent, this is very frightening. Jewish publications in English and in Yiddish are reporting on the material that comes out in The Dearborn Independent. They’re really tracking this…
In 1938, Ford received an award from the Nazi regime called the “Grand Cross of the German Eagle.” How do we make sense of this award? What does it mean?
The Germans honor Ford, we could say, for a couple reasons. ..
From the point of view of anti-Semitism, Hitler could look at Ford as somebody who was — let’s call him an age-mate. They were both in the 1920s beginning to write and disseminate information about what they both considered to be this great powerful threat, “the Jew.”..
How American Racism Influenced Hitler- Scholars are mapping the international precursors of Nazism. By Alex Ross April 30, 2018 Issue
“..The Nazis idolized many aspects of American society: the cult of sport, Hollywood production values, the mythology of the frontier. From boyhood on, Hitler devoured the Westerns of the popular German novelist Karl May. In 1928, Hitler remarked, approvingly, that white settlers in America had “gunned down the millions of redskins to a few hundred thousand.” When he spoke of Lebensraum, the German drive for “living space” in Eastern Europe, he often had America in mind…
Ron Rosenbaum, in his 1998 book “Explaining Hitler,” gives a tour of the more outré theories. It has been suggested, variously, that the key to understanding Hitler is the fact that he had an abusive father; that he was too close to his mother; that he had a Jewish grandfather; that he had encephalitis; that he contracted syphilis from a Jewish prostitute; that he blamed a Jewish doctor for his mother’s death; that he was missing a testicle; that he underwent a wayward hypnosis treatment; that he was gay; that he harbored coprophilic fantasies about his niece; that he was addled by drugs; or—a personal favorite—that his anti-Semitism was triggered by briefly attending school with Ludwig Wittgenstein, in Linz. At the root of this speculative mania is what Rosenbaum calls the “lost safe-deposit box” mentality: with sufficient sleuthing, the mystery can be solved in one Sherlockian stroke…
American eugenicists made no secret of their racist objectives, and their views were prevalent enough that F. Scott Fitzgerald featured them in “The Great Gatsby.” (The cloddish Tom Buchanan, having evidently read Lothrop Stoddard’s 1920 tract “The Rising Tide of Color Against White World-Supremacy,” says, “The idea is if we don’t look out the white race will be—will be utterly submerged.”) California’s sterilization program directly inspired the Nazi sterilization law of 1934. There are also sinister, if mostly coincidental, similarities between American and German technologies of death. In 1924, the first execution by gas chamber took place, in Nevada. In a history of the American gas chamber, Scott Christianson states that the fumigating agent Zyklon-B, which was licensed to American Cyanamid by the German company I. G. Farben, was considered as a lethal agent but found to be impractical. Zyklon-B was, however, used to disinfect immigrants as they crossed the border at El Paso—a practice that did not go unnoticed by Gerhard Peters, the chemist who supplied a modified version of Zyklon-B to Auschwitz. Later, American gas chambers were outfitted with a chute down which poison pellets were dropped. Earl Liston, the inventor of the device, explained, “Pulling a lever to kill a man is hard work. Pouring acid down a tube is easier on the nerves, more like watering flowers.” Much the same method was introduced at Auschwitz, to relieve stress on S.S. guards…
When Hitler praised American restrictions on naturalization, he had in mind the Immigration Act of 1924, which imposed national quotas and barred most Asian people altogether. For Nazi observers, this was evidence that America was evolving in the right direction, despite its specious rhetoric about equality. The Immigration Act, too, played a facilitating role in the Holocaust, because the quotas prevented thousands of Jews, including Anne Frank and her family, from reaching America. In 1938, President Roosevelt called for an international conference on the plight of European refugees; this was held in Évian-les-Bains, France, but no substantive change resulted. The German Foreign Office, in a sardonic reply, found it “astounding” that other countries would decry Germany’s treatment of Jews and then decline to admit them…”
Eugenics in California: A Legacy of the Past? – YouTube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BrF1Q0G4g5o
*see 16 minute mark
History of the Jews in the Philippines
“..It was during the era of the Philippine Commonwealth, 1935–1946, that Jewish refugees from Europe sought a safe haven in Manila. The migration of Jews escaping Europe between 1935 and 1941 was the last major immigration of Jews to the Philippines. The first German Jews to arrive in Manila actually came from the Jewish community in Shanghai. With the occupation of Peking by the Japanese in 1937, the four million inhabitants of Shanghai were endangered. Germany’s shift of alliance from China to Japan at this time alarmed German Jews in Shanghai, fearing German pressure on Japan to adopt Nazi anti-Jewish policies. Fearing for them as well, the Jewish Community in Manila, led by the Frieder Brothers of Cincinnati,[8] organized the Jewish Refugee Committee of Manila (JRC) with the intention of rescuing German members of the Shanghai Jewish community.[9] These Jews had already been deprived of their German citizenship, and the Gestapo presence that was taking root in Japanese areas threatened Jewish existence in Shanghai as well. When the Sino-Japanese War broke out in 1937, the JRC received a telegram from Shanghai asking for assistance for Shanghai’s refugee Jews. With the help of Feng-Shan Ho, the Chinese Consul-General in Austria, Austrian Jews were able to escape to other countries, including the Philippines,[10] when Adolf Hitler annexed Austria to Germany in 1938.[1] Manila then received 30 German Jewish refugee families from Shanghai, which then started a larger program that would eventually rescue 1300 refugee Jews from Europe between 1937 and 1941, the largest influx of Jews in Philippine history. ..
While it was important to have the cooperation and consent of President Quezon in this refugee rescue plan,[2][3][8][9] all issues of Philippine foreign affairs was still totally in the hands of the U.S. State Department and would be until the Philippines was granted independence in 1946. What is unique to the rescue of refugee Jews in the Philippines is that the Jewish Community in Manila was granted authority by High Commissioner Paul McNutt and Philippine President Quezon to operate a selection committee to choose those who would be granted visas by the U.S. State Department.[1] By an application and review process, Jewish refugees in Germany and Austria obtained visas for immigration from U.S. consular officers who had been instructed by the U.S. State Department to issue visas based on recommendations from the JRC in Manila. This successful Frieder-McNutt selection rescue plan led to the larger resettlement rescue plan that focused on the island of Mindanao as a destination for the mass resettlement of 10,000 refugee Jews.[11] For the refugees who did manage to settle in the Philippines, the JRC organised committees to aid in finding employment and new homes for them in Manila..”
Stories of Rescues
“..Key to the Philippines’ decision to open its door to Jewish refugees was the lobbying of the Frieder family of Cincinnati, four of whose sons took turns running a family-owned tobacco factory in Manila. One of the brothers, Alex Frieder, played poker regularly with Manuel Quezon, president of the Commonwealth of the Philippines. They were joined by Paul V. McNutt, the American high commissioner, and Col. Dwight D. Eisenhower, who at the time was serving as an American military adviser to the Filipino army. ..”
An Open Door The Story of Rescue of Over 1300 Jews by … – YouTube
ISRAEL: “Thank You, Philippines!” (Why Jews have a Close Friendship with Filipinos) February 18, 2015 ourawesomeplanet.com
“..In November 2013, Danny Pins, who is the son of a Holocaust Survivor in Manila, Margot Casell Pins, joined the American-Jewish Joint Distribution Committee to be the first ones on the ground in Tacloban and help the Typhoon Haiyan Victims…”
Global Country Spotlight: Europe-Germany goodnewseverybodycom.wordpress.com
On-going Ant-Semitism (anti-Semitic )
MMohamed Mohamed, LA Hate Crime Suspect: 5 Fast Facts By Erin Laviola Updated Nov 26, 2018 at 5:33 heavy.com
“..Mohamed Mohamed is the 32-year-old suspect accused of trying to run down two Jewish men in Los Angeles with his vehicle. The incident happened on November 23, 2018, as the two worshippers left a synagogue in the neighborhood of Hancock Park. ..
The FBI has also joined the investigation, as officials look into the suspect’s background. Officials said Mohamed was born in Somalia and had been in the Los Angeles area for only a few days prior to the incident.
Here’s what you need to know…”
What can be done to fight anti-Semitism in the US? | The Stream
Robert Bowers appears in court after Pittsburgh synagogue massacre
11 Killed in Pittsburgh Synagogue Shooting; Gunman Yelled ‘All Jews Must Die’ Amir Tibon, Noa Landau, Judy Maltz, The Associated Press and Allison Kaplan Sommer Oct 28, 2018 1:05 AM haaretz.com
Pittsburgh synagogue shooting: Who is suspect Robert Bowers?
Robert Bowers, 46, of Pittsburgh, the man arrested in the mass shooting Saturday at a Pennsylvania synagogue during a bris, appears to have made virulently anti-Semitic posts on a social media platform popular with far-right extremists, including one made shortly before the attack.
(Video by Janet Pickel, PennLive.com, via Wochit)
Synagogue shooter was obsessed with Jewish refugee agency The Associated Press | Tuesday, Oct. 30, 2018, 11:36 a.m. triblive.com
“.. Just moments before the Pittsburgh synagogue shooting that left 11 people dead, the suspect is believed to have posted a final social media rant against a Jewish refugee settlement agency most people had never heard of, but which has increasingly become the target of right-wing rage and conspiracy theories. ..”
Robert Bowers, Pittsburgh Shooting Suspect, Appears in Court
By Campbell Robertson Oct. 29, 2018 .nytimes.com
“..The Pittsburgh chapter of Bend the Arc: Jewish Action, a progressive Jewish group focused on social justice in the United States, said in an open letter to Mr. Trump that he was “not welcome in Pittsburgh until you fully denounce white nationalism.”
The letter, which had 26,000 signatures on Monday morning, said Mr. Trump’s language had given confidence to white nationalists.
“For the past three years your words and your policies have emboldened a growing white nationalist movement,” the letter said. “You yourself called the murderer evil, but yesterday’s violence is the direct culmination of your influence.”..”
America’s dark history of organized anti-Semitism re-emerges in today’s far-right groups
November 29, 2018 6.38am EST theconversation.com
“..Local discrimination
Some forms of American anti-Semitism have been examined and confronted. Many existed at the local level and had a major impact on Jewish communities all over the U.S.
For decades, restrictive covenants in home deeds forbade Jews from buying homes in certain neighborhoods. Some country clubs excluded Jews from membership or even playing their courses as guests. Some Ivy League universities set quotas limiting the number of Jewish students they would admit…”
October 13, 2018 June 9, 2019 goodnewseverybodycom financial, for, hard, How, know, now, prepare, times, to, Uncategorized, You
Now You Know: How to prepare for “financial hard times” ?
Sal: I was laid off back in 2009 during the “economic recession”, which I learned to be more “frugal” (e.g. buy what was necessary instead of buying what I “wanted”). I learned some “life style changes” that I apply now..
*see Financial Advice? goodnewseverybodycom.wordpress.com
Debt?
Dave Ramsey’s 7 Baby Steps Review: Is This A Debt Management Plan You Should Try? By Peter Anderson 57 Comments biblemoneymatters.com
“..Before The Baby Steps: Making A Decision To Change
Before you even decide to head down the road of using or exploring the 7 Baby Steps, I think it’s important to point out just how key it is that you sit down, talk with your significant other (if you have one), and actually make a decision that you want to change.
A lot of people talk about how to change their financial lives, but never touch on the fact that if you or your spouse isn’t ready to change, it isn’t going to happen. You have to want to change…”
Dave Ramsey’s 9 tips to get out of debt – YouTube
How To Save $2,000 Fast Without Making More Money
Minority Mindset
0:14 – Saving your money will make you broke because your money in the bank is losing value to inflation
0:35 – The only reason you should be saving your money is to invest and to save for your emergency fund
1:08 – Start by saving minimum of $2,000 for your emergency fund
1:41 – Write down how much money you make and your expenses
2:27 – Save $2,000 as fast as possible so you have to cut out the things you don’t need
3:51 – Stop over paying for your bills so you can save the extra savings
5:09 – Stop having expensive fun until you have started saving money and have a savings cushion
The 7 Best Places to Put Your SavingsBy Jean Folger | Updated September 29, 2017 — 6:00 AM EDT investopedia.com
“..Money that is considered savings is often put into a low risk, interest-earning account, rather than into higher risk investments. Although there is opportunity for larger returns with certain investments, the idea behind savings is to allow the money to grow slowly with little or no associated risk. The advent of online banking has increased the variety and accessibility of savings accounts and vehicles. Here are some of the different types of accounts so you can make the most of your savings.
1. Savings Accounts
Savings accounts are offered by banks and credit unions….”
Credit Unions vs. Banks: What’s the Difference? .thestreet.com
“..The bottom line is that banks are for-profit institutions, while credit unions are non-profit. Credit unions typically brag better customer service and lower fees, but have higher interest rates. On the contrary, banks generally have lower interest rates and higher fees. Banks, on the other hand, often have higher fees but more convenience regarding location, technological efficiency, mobile access, and rewards programs…”
Banks vs. Credit Unions: What’s the Difference? – 2 Minute Finance
https://youtu.be/rfHyQ-8eLC4
2minutefinance
Thinking about moving your money out of a big bank and into a local credit union? Get the low down on their differences in this two minute video.
For more information and resources, visit our website at http://www.2minutefinance.com. Also, find us on Facebook (Facebook.com/2MinuteFinance) or Twitter (@2MinuteFinance).
Finding the Best Student Savings Account in 2018
“..Student savings accounts are meant to help those in school grow their increasing income long-term and learn about financial responsibility. To ensure that you find the best savings account for the student in your life, we’ve laid out the top student savings accounts for prospective account holders looking for specific account benefits…”
How to Invest $100 [for 2018] 💵 | Investing for Beginners When You Don’t Have a Ton of Money
Investors with Credibility
Warren Buffett – The World’s Greatest Money Maker
TradingCoachUK
Warren Buffett is the greatest investor of all time. His decisions about buying shares and companies have beaten the stock market year after year and made him the richest person in the world – thought to be worth 37 billion dollars.
Yet Buffett lives modestly in his native Omaha, in America’s mid-West, and runs his 150 billion dollar business with a staff of just twenty.
He talks to Buffett’s family, friends and colleagues about the man they call the Sage of Omaha, and Buffett’s friend Bill Gates praises his philosophy of life.
National Savings Day nationaldaycalendar.com
“.. sets aside October 12 to recognize those who value the act of saving and to provide simple steps to show getting started isn’t as difficult as it may seem.
Many of us already save every day. We’ve been doing it for a long time. We collect sentimental items because they mean something to us and they evoke emotion. These objects come in all forms. It could be a treasured baseball glove your dad played catch with you; an engagement ring passed down through generations, or boxes full of t-shirts representing years of concerts. We save lots of things for extended periods of time, and they accumulate quite well…”
Moody’s Manual moodys.com
“..is an essential component of the global capital markets, providing credit ratings, research, tools and analysis that contribute to transparent and integrated financial markets. Moody’s Corporation (NYSE: MCO) is the parent company of Moody’s Investors Service, which provides credit ratings and research covering debt instruments and securities, and Moody’s Analytics, which offers leading-edge software, advisory services and research for credit and economic analysis and financial risk management. The Corporation, which reported revenue of $4.2 billion in 2017, employs approximately 12,300 people worldwide and maintains a presence in 42 countries. Further information is available at http://www.moodys.com…”
Financial Collapse History
Collapse of 2008
The 2008 Financial Crisis: Crash Course Economics #12 – YouTube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GPOv72Awo68
*gov’t loans to banks make their spending not wise
The real truth about the 2008 financial crisis | Brian S. Wesbury | TEDxCountyLineRoad
This talk was given at a local TEDx event, produced independently of the TED Conferences. The Great Economic Myth of 2008, challenging the accounting to accounting principal.
Brian Wesbury is Chief Economist at First Trust Advisors L.P., a financial services firm based in Wheaton, Illinois.
TARP Bailout Program- Did TARP Help You or the Banks? BY KIMBERLY AMADEO Updated November 15, 2018 thebalance.com
“..On October 14, 2008, the Treasury Department used $105 billion in TARP funds to launch the Capital Purchase Program. The U.S. government bought preferred stock in eight banks. They were Bank of America/Merrill Lynch, Bank of New York Mellon, Citigroup, Goldman Sachs, J.P. Morgan, Morgan Stanley, State Street, and Wells Fargo…
In December 2018, President Bush agreed to use TARP funds to bail out the Big Three auto companies. Auto execs warned that the General Motors Company and Chrysler LLC faced bankruptcy and the loss of 1 million jobs. The $80.7 billion bailout lasted from January 2009 to December 2014. Treasury recouped all but $10.2 billion.
Why TARP Was Needed
Fifty-eight percent of Americans said TARP was not needed. But TARP’s purpose was to stop the panic that consumed Bear Stearns, Lehman Brothers, Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and AIG. Without government intervention, the bankruptcy of those companies would have led to many more.
Most Americans have never heard of the Reserve Primary Fund. They weren’t aware that on September 16, 2008, they were weeks away from a total economic collapse. If that ultra-safe money market fund had gone bankrupt, trucking companies would run out of cash to pay their employees. Grocery stores would have gone empty within weeks. Without a $700 billion government guarantee, the financial system would have collapsed. The rest of the economy would have gone w..”
Panic: The Untold Story of the 2008 Financial Crisis – FULL EPISODE | VICE Special Report | HBO
*see Deep Thought: How much to “give”? goodnewseverybodycom.wordpress.com
Good News Financial
September 29, 2018 May 12, 2019 goodnewseverybodycom know, now, technology, Uncategorized, wireless, You
Now You Know: Wireless Technology
WiFi Radiation – Dangers of WiFi – See It Measured – How To Remediate WiFi Radiation
TURN OFF YOUR WIFI ROUTER BEFORE BED!
Urgent! Forbidden information,a must watch! 5G is a kill grid that will lead to forced vaccinations.
60ghz water molecules 5G netflix telephone polls microwave weapons Clinton Tele-Com Act tech
effects produce Vitamin D
BLock it with mylofilm, metal screens , paint,…
or will get side effects (fatigue, neurological disorders, etc..)
Sal: I try to shut off my cell-phone wifi each night before going to bed (e.g. workdays) and I turn my phone off completely during weekends I don’t work. I tried contacting my internet service provider about how to turn off the wi-fi proveder, they haven’t responded (email) yet!
microwave weapon (feels like polio, paralytic disease and will make it mandatory to get vaccine)
Earbuds or Headsets
Are Bluetooth Headsets Safe? – YouTube
https://emfacademy.com/bluetooth-headphones-brain-cancer/
“..A really popular example of this would the the Apple Airpods (that I talk about here). The problem with these, and any other Bluetooth earbuds, is that you are essentially putting a RF emitting device as close to your brain as it could possibly get.
As we’ll talk about in this article, radio frequency radiation, which is a type of EMF radiation, has been consistently linked to increased risks of cancer and many other health issues…”
Scientists Warn That Wireless Headphones Could Give You Cancer
https://www.menshealth.com/health/a26809302/scientists-warn-wireless-headphones-could-cause-cancer/
Emf Radiation From Airpods – Should You Be Worried? emfadvice.com
“…One of the dangers associated with earbuds tech like the Apple AirPods is that it is continuously close to the brain (if always in use) and in direct contact with your skin.
Allow me to point out that not all the effects of EMF may yet be known, but here are some that are;
Blood cells clump together and have a distorted shape.
Production of specific cells called stress protein begin to occur; These cells serve as protection from threats when sensed.
Reduction in specific hormone production like Melatonin and Serotonin.
Reduction in sperm production as a result of less cell mobility
Exposure to EMF radiation reduces DNA repair process within the cell.
All the effects mentioned abov..”
Do you use a #wirelessheadset or regualr #headset ?
what is “5G”
A timeline of UK 5G development | The history of 5G: from 1979 to now Christina Mercer By Christina Mercer | Sep 11, 2018 techworld.com
“..Although no formal standard for 5G has been set, according to the Next Generation Mobile Network’s 5G white paper, 5G connections must be based on ‘user experience, system performance, enhanced services, business models and management & operations’. Researchers predict that 5G will be three times faster than the current 4G standard…”
5G is the mother of invention Published on August 8
How an impending wireless upgrade is setting the stage for a new era of American innovation
“..5G will provide faster Internet with lower latency, the time it takes for data to travel within a network. It will also allow for more consistent connectivity. Qualcomm is helping to realize these benefits by bringing a series of products to market that will help make the network upgrade a reality. In July 2018, for example, the company announced two new antennae modules for smart phones that are fully 5G integrated. ..”
It’s Called The 5G BEAST SYSTEM For A Reason (2018)
Intel’s Israel Team Is At The Forefront Of 5G Tech That Will Revolutionize How We Communicate By Ricky Ben-David, NoCamels July 11, 2018 nocamels.com
“..5G is set to transform the way we all use the internet by also revolutionizing the current network infrastructure. With greater bandwidth, more powerful processing capabilities and minimal delay (latency), the new generation of wireless connectivity will be able to support unprecedented communications and the transfer of massive amounts of data, according to Intel.
Compared with the current network speed, 4G LTE, 5G is set to be 30 to 50 times faster and will have a dramatic impact across industries and applications…”
Israel Incubating 5G Technology By Video Manager July 13, 2018 , 2:03 pm .breakingisraelnews.com
“..Israel is frequently defined as the Startup Nation. Boffins at Intel are working on delivering, in the near future, a new era of communications – 5G. The development will allow for the downloading of significant amounts of data in seconds…”
The Truth About 5G – YouTube
*see Health: How to protect yourself from too much “radiation” (high powered technology) ? goodnewshealthandfitness.wordpress.com
Cell Phone Brain and Parotid Gland Tumors – Interphone … – YouTube
Lebron James TUMOR LUMP on Jaw growing back again it looks like 9/28/18
ΕX DΗS ΕMPLΟΥEE REVEALS ALL IN THIS ΙNTERVΙEW ON THIS CΟMΙNG TECHNOLOGY
Dana Ashlie
ΑNΟNΥMOUS lNSIDΕR shares what we all may face…AND HOW to PRΕPARΕ. ΕX-DΕPΑRTMENT of HΟMΕLΑND SΕC. ΕMPLOYΕΕ TΕLLS ΑLL she experienced with HΕR DΕCLINING health working next to FIVΕ GEE TΕCH! Shocking INTΕRVIΕW on RΕAL WORLD lMPACTS of ΤΗIS CΟMNG TΕCΗNΟLΟGΥ.
How to FIGHT FIVE GΕΕ in your city!
http://emfsafetynetwork.org/how-to-op…
Where you can get RF Meters to check your own microwave/RF/EMF levels at home:
https://tinyurl.com/yaxgfg8q – RF Meters
Where you can get shielded clothing to protect from RF:
https://tinyurl.com/ycz9g3lc
Where to get Shielding Bedding to block RF:
(also paint, curtains, fabrics, phone cases)
https://tinyurl.com/y8pe5r75
Gear to Protect Mama and Baby from Radio/Microwave Frequencies (phone, towers etc)
Belly Blanket Collection – https://tinyurl.com/y7qltble
Belly Band Page – https://tinyurl.com/y6wufhn6
Maternity Apparel Collection – https://tinyurl.com/ybdavfsl
As for those who feel moved to financially support this YouTube video work via your donations, HALLELUJAH!
To donate via PayPal, put the following into your browser bar:
paypal.me/DanaAshlie
or reach me old school:
Dana A
Blue Jay, CA 92317
Email: danaashlie@yahoo.com
Music Intro:
Darkening Developments by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/…)
Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-…
Artist: http://incompetech.com/
Good News Computers
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Review: Fnatic Gear Clutch G1
by Parm Mann on 2 November 2016, 16:00
Tags: Fnatic
Quick Link: HEXUS.net/qadanc
Page Jump: ========== 1 - Introduction 2 - Software and Summary
Is there a better example of eSports success stories than Britain's own Fnatic? The professional organisation, based out of London, was founded in 2004 and has gone on to become one of the most prosperous gaming teams of all time. So what do you do when you've won various competitions and held your fair share of eSports trophies? You launch your own line of gaming peripherals, of course.
And given Fnatic's prominence in the field, there's no need to go about such a move halfheartedly. On the contrast, Fnatic went all-in and acquired Californian peripheral manufacturer Func in order to kick-start its portfolio. Having launched an initial flurry of products earlier in the year, Fnatic is returning to the table today with its latest mouse, the €69 Clutch G1.
Hoping to stand out from the crowd, Fnatic's approach to gaming peripherals differs from most manufacturers. Whereas others are keen to add more lights, more buttons and other features we never knew we needed, Fnatic claims to refrain from "marketing bullshit" or "fancy useless tech."
It's an approach that has merit, and at first glance the Clutch G1 gaming mouse benefits from the no-frills approach. The ergonomic pointer is well proportioned for righties (there's no left-handed version), measures 43mm x 68mm x 130mm in size and weighs roughly 110g, while the soft-touch, matte coating looks and feels luxurious.
From a hardware perspective, it's a neat and simple-looking thing, with seven buttons that are a) easy to reach and b) unlikely to be triggered accidently. These include two thumb buttons on the left, profile up/down buttons behind the scroll wheel, a button in the wheel itself, and the customary left and right clickers.
Industry-standard Omron switches back the main buttons, while the rubberised scroll wheel offers a stiff action that's likely to divide users. Those who favour a smoother scroll will find it irksome, but if you like to be able to go back and forth by precisely one notch, Clutch will play right into your hands.
On the inside, Fnatic has opted for the sought-after Pixart 3310 optical sensor, a Holtek HT68FB560 processor and 256KB of onboard memory. Said combination provides a tracking resolution of between 50 and 5,000 CPI (Counts Per Inch) configurable in 50 CPI instances, as well as 30g max acceleration and a polling rate of up to 1,000Hz.
You won't be left wanting in terms of precision, and while there are built-in LEDs, they aren't merely a decorative afterthought. The RGB scroll wheel can be configured using millions of colours and a selection of effects, but what's handy is that the three built-in profiles are assigned unique colours (red, orange and blue) to help identify the current setting. Similarly, three small LEDs peeking out of the thin gap along the top-left edge provide at-a-glance CPI sensitivity information.
Simple features, but ones that do make a difference when implemented well. Even the additions that actually read like marketing BS - the "drag reduction cord," for example - aren't without merit. In what seems a blatantly obvious thing to do, the Clutch G1's two-metre braided cord is angled upward at a 30-degree angle from the front of the mouse to prevent it touching the mouse pad. A minor thing, but it actually does work.
Build quality is good and the mouse, unsurprisingly, feels a lot like Func solutions of the past. What if anything is missing? Well, there's no size or weight adjustment, so what you see is what you get, and if you're seeking a fully-featured software companion, the bundled Clutch utility might be deemed lightweight in comparison to what's on offer from the competition.
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Abstract: The Assessment of Risk and Manageability with Intellectually Disabled IndividuaLs who Offend Sexually (ARMIDILO-S)
The Assessment of Risk Manageability for Individuals with Developmental and Intellectual Limitations who Offend Sexually (ARMIDILO-S) was developed by Doug Boer and colleagues to provide a comprehensive evaluation of a cognitively limited sex offender’s personal and environmental risks and protective factors. The instrument provides risk estimates for re-offending and helps users derive a treatment or management plan. Its format allows for consistency and structure in assessment and facilitates communication about risks and protective factors.
Professor Boer is currently at the University of Canberra. Prior to his current position, he worked as an academic at the University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand for seven years and before that he worked for the Correctional Service of Canada for 15 years in a variety of contexts including sex offender therapist and treatment programme supervisor. He has published a number of articles and structured clinical assessment manuals for use with sexual offenders. Professor Boer is also on a number of editorial boards including the Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, Sexual Abuse: Australia, New Zealand, and the British Journal of Forensic Practice. Finally, he is an active clinician, assessor, and clinical supervisor.
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James Beard Foundation Nominates Hey Bartender
In an announcement Tuesday, the James Beard Foundation named HEY BARTENDER as one of the nominees for Best Special/Documentary.
Known as the Oscars of the food world, the James Beard Awards cover all aspects of the industry: chefs and restaurateurs, cookbook authors and food journalists, restaurant designers and architects, and more. The James Beard Awards are the highest honor for food and beverage professionals in America.
The awards ceremony will take place on April 24th at Chelsea Piers. Hosted by Carla Hall. 4th Row Films' HEY BARTENDER is a feature documentary film that tells the story of the rebirth of the bartender and the comeback of the cocktail.
HEY BARTENDER is directed by Douglas Tirola, produced by Susan Bedusa, and co-produced by Danielle Rosen. The film is currently available on Showtime, Netflix, and iTunes.
See the film »
Events + Parties
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Explore Umag
Experience Umag
Home / Destinations / Umag / Experience Umag / Savudrija-Salvore
Savudrija-Salvore
Savudrija-Salvore, with its lighthouse, being well-known as the westernmost point of Croatia, too, is the first tourist resort one comes across when visiting the Croatian part of Istria.
According to the legend, it was named after the German emperor Barbarossa - Otto - who during the sea battle in Savudrija-Salvore in 1177 against the allied fleet of the Pope Alexander III tried to hide in a water cistern. ‘Salvo re’ (the saved king) became thus a toponym Salvore or Savudrija-Salvore.
Tourism activities of the Bujština region have their roots in this area. It was Savudrija-Salvore, which was chosen by Austro-Hungarians to be one of the destinations for their holidays and curing. Many villas and summer residences located near the sea prove that in those times numerous tourists had been resting and gathering strength here, as they are doing nowadays.
Along with a tourist complex and a hotel, pleasant accommodation can be found in private houses, as well. Friendly landlords offer accommodation in comfortable bungalows, apartments and rooms with modern furnishings and conveniences along the whole coast of Savudrija-Salvore at the very sea coast or just a little further from it. The properties are surrounded by Mediterranean vegetation which is offering special atmosphere for a pleasant stay during the whole year.
Bike trails passing by numerous historical remnants of Roman buildings and a rich gastronomic offer are only some of the attractions for summer holidays in Savudrija-Salvore.
Over the last years the lighthouse in Savudrija-Salvore, built in 1818, the oldest one on the Adriatic coast, has become a famous sightseeing point and a place for accommodation of guests, as well.
In past centuries the place was also known by the names of Siluo, Silbio, Silbonis, and Silvium. The oldest traces of human presence in the area have been found near the lighthouse. Subjected to radiocarbon dating, known also as carbon-14 dating, these stone artifacts were found to be 11,170 years old, with a possibility of time difference about 209 years (more or less). This may have been an open-air settlement.
Later, through the history of this area we come across citadels, like Sveti Petar near Crveni Vrh, and Romanija. As for the ancient period, there are many remains of the numerous Roman theatres when this territory have been thickly inhabited and important.
Bearing witness to the rich historical stratification of the area is also an inscription found at Frančeskija. This stone was originally part of a sepulchral monument and it has been dated to the late lst or early 2nd century. Today it can be seen in the Umag-Umago collection of stone monuments. It owes its peculiarity to the fact that in Venetian times it had the Pasqualigos' coat of arms engraved on its back. Over years many Roman findings have been unearthed, particularly near the harbour of Savudrija-Salvore. The great importance of the harbour is explained by the very long continuity of life in these parts. However, there is one further reason: due to its proximity to Aquileia, it was an important seaborne trade link.
The ancient remains were first described very early, in 1540, by Pietro Coppo. a geographer born in Venice but who has spent his life in Piran. Indeed, he indicates that one can see the remains of various buildings and that low ebb brings to light the ruins of the older harbour. The subject has been treated by many other scholars, but the most detailed survey was published by Professor Attilio Degrassi in 1957. The natural inlet was enclosed by two jetties. The southern was some 110 metres long, while the length of the northern one amounted probably to 50 odd metres. The northern jetty was rebuilt in 1996, with a lighthouse on its tip. Within the project, stone blocks belonging to the original structures were built into the new harbour constructions.
The road leaving the houses of Savudrija-Salvore for the jetty was made in 1929, which occasioned casual discoveries of a massive wall, canal, and plentiful artifacts. The most conspicuous of the latter is a little bronze statue of the goddess Isis Fortuna, dated to the 2nd century A.D. The image testifies to the phenomenon of syncretism between the Oriental fertility goddess Isis and the Roman goddess of fortune - Fortuna, as a matter of fact. It has been exhibited in the Archaeological Museum of Istria in Pula.Significant remains are still visible, especially to the south of the bay, where the ruins include a tank. The subsequent development of the area is scarsely documented. We do learn, however, that in 1463 various families came from Dalmatia and were given land in the region of Savudrija-Salvore.
Until the middle of the 20th century this was a territory where several private landowners had their vast estates, exemplified by Crveni Vrh, today a famous tourist resort, once a manor covering an area of 1600 acres, 1000 of which was cultivated land. Of the twenty-eight estates situated in north-western Istria, all of them with a surface exceeding 75 acres, six were within the zone of Savudrija-Salvore, with a total of 2400 acres. The manor of Crveni Vrh was the second most important, coming after the Benedictine possession of Dajla.
The landscape here is still specific for its numerous ranches, called štancija -small settlements with capacious stables and other accompanying facilities. In wintertime they frequently offered shelter to shepherds from the mountains of Ćićarija. In the precincts of these štancijas there are many buildings which preserve architectural qualities of past times, recording lifestyles that are becoming ever more remote.
In the štancija of Frančeskija, that belonged to counts Toppo, temporarily active was even a small cork-works! A final curiosity. In 1911 a steamship was built and named Lampo (Lightning), later Salvore (Italian for Savudrija-Salvore). After long years of arduous service, which on several occasions brought her to the harbour of Savudrija-Salvore, in 1944 she was sunk in Rijeka harbour.
Battle of Savudrija-Salvore
As far as it concerns this battle, scholars have not yet reached a unanimous conclusion. Some take it to be a mere legend, while others believe it to be a real historical event. The battle would have occurred in 1177, when Venetian galleys clashed with those of Genoa and Piša, which had joined Emperor Frederick Barbarossa's forces. The latter fleet is said to have numbered 75 ships, against only 30 on the Venetian side, rallied with the assistance of Istrian towns.
We read that Doge Sebastiano Ziani cast anchor in the Bay of Piran, taking the enemy's vessels by surprise and getting the better of them. Apparently, 48 ships were captured, along with Barbarossa's son himself, the young Otto. Four ships were sent to the bottom, while the rest fled.
On All Saints' Day there used to be a festivity at Savudrija-Salvore celebrating that event, as well as the indulgence conceded by Pope Alexander III. In 1459 Pope Pius II granted the permission to move the festivity from Ali Saints' Day to Corpus Christi.
A fresco depicting the battle was destroyed in 1577 when the Hall of the Great Council went up in flames. The next year Domenico Tintoretto was assigned the creation of the present image.
History of tourism at Savudrija-Salvore
As a rule, the name Savudrija-Salvore is used for the whole of the territory gravitating towards the place, even when one is going to Bašanija or Crveni Vrh instead. This is perhaps explained by the fact that, indeed, Savudrija-Salvore was the most famous and most important place in the area, while other villages were in general barely known, which has changed only in recent decades.
The beginnings of tourist activities in the area can be traced back to the first days of the lighthouse at least, that i s to 1818. Many were then attracted by it, even from remote parts.
A long period follows of which the historical sources studied so far tell us nothing about further developments. We know that by the end of the 19th century a hotel had already been opened. It was named Alla Posta (Post Office) and run by Celestino Favretto, in Savudrija-Salvore harbour. His business included mail delivery, too. Next we hear that in 1903 Antonio Rota opened a hotel cum restaurant at Bašanija. Three years later he moved to nearby Monteneto, leaving his business at Bašanija to Luigi Maurel.
An important role in the development of tourism in the area was played by the Cesares. The family owned a manor house of the same name, known also as Stancija Grande. Theirs were two other large buildings, meant for purely tourist purposes: Villa Lotta, nowadays known as Villa Rog, and Villa Ziani. The former is situated next to the harbour, while the latter nestled in the valley underlying Stancija Grande.
Villa Ziani owes its name to Doge Sebastiano Ziani, who won the battle of Savudrija-Salvore. In 1912 the facility had six rooms at its guests' disposal. The Cesares had a small and modest seaside resort in the harbour, which offered a one-seat canoe, similar in shape to the Venetian gondola. They also had a carriage, then a car (perhaps the first in the area), both for personal use and for transporting tourists from the steamships to their destination. Apparently, it was this family to open a seaside resort at Barcola near Trieste. Across the road, underlying Villa Lotta, was the Paludettos' hotel, later named Al Piave. It had a capacity of 8 rooms, and in the 20s a bowling court was attached to it.
The Seaside Hospice of Savudrija-Salvore was established near the lighthouse in 1908, with the purpose of accomodating sick children and orphans from Styria who used to come to this resort between the months of May and October. By that time, however, the children had already been coming to Savudrija-Salvore, staying with Michele Visintin at Bašanija. The choice of Savudrija-Salvore for their summer resort was surely motivated by its favourable climate, but possibly also by the vicinity of Portorož, which had already grown into an important tourist centre. In fact, it was the Social Welfare Council from Portorož to initiate steamship excursions in 1911, and among the first destinations were the lighthouse of Savudrija-Salvore and the ruins at Sipar.
After the First World War the hospice was sold to Giovanni Codiglia from Bašanija. In 1924 he passed it to the city of Graz, which immediately undertook its restoration, resulting in a doubled capacity, that is 80 beds. In 1936 it could accomodate 536 boys and girls aged 6 to 16. Nearly half the children came from Graz, while the others arrived from Vienna, Carinthia etc. The complex underwent another restoration and enlargement in 1999. Today it can offer suites and hotel rooms.
Let us go back to 1938, when the accomodation capacity in the lighthouse area got a fresh start: pension Adria (18 rooms with 36 beds), pension Gamboz (15 rooms with 27 beds), pension Predonzani (16 rooms with 27 beds). The offer was widened in 1939, when Albino Pelizzon built his own pension, Pineta (Pine-wood), with 25 beds. As far as it concerns commercial coverage, worth remembering are the first steps taken by Hans Gartler from Villach, owner of the Adria pension at Valdepian. His presence in these parts is definitely to be related to the fact that he married Antonia Codiglia from Savudrija-Salvore. Gartler printed postcards with his pension on front, while on their backs one could get essential Information on the accomodation, including prices of every service offered.
In 1939 pension Gamboz followed suit. The backs of their postcards referred to the place in these words: 'Come and see. Here you will find peace, cool air of the sea and woods, most limpid sea water, and tasty home-made food'.
For the last 50 years tourism has been on the increase at Savudrija-Salvore, and very much so. Some of the pensions have been assigned to private use, others turned into rest centres. Pensions Gamboz, now Istra, and Pineta, presently Moj mir (My Peace), are still alive with tourist industry.
Motor camp Pineta was opened in the early 60s and is particular for its imposing pine-trees, planted in 1911 and 1912. In the immediate vicinity of motor camp Pineta a tourist village was built by Istraturist in 1987, offering 62 suites. In 1970 Veli Jože from Zagreb opened the Borozija camp. In 1973 a holiday resort cum camp was erected by Istraturist at Kanegra. The naturist camp was opened the next year. Kanegra was earlier known for its quarry, whose rock faces still offer a suggestive background to the beach. Since the 5Os the area has been witnessing a boom of summer and weekend cottages, belonging mostly to Slovene firms and individuals. Finally, in 1997 the local tourist association was founded.
Worth attention are the manor houses scattered throughout the area. They were built by landowners with estates in these parts, as well as by cultured people who found these half pastoral half agrarian surroundings well-suited for their rest.
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Gun battle in Sri Lanka kills 15, U.S. pulls citizens out
April 27, 2019 at 11:36am
Edited by Bouli Hadjioannou
The bodies of 15 people, including six children, were discovered at the site of a fierce overnight gun battle on the east coast of Sri Lanka, a military spokesman said on Saturday, six days after suicide bombers killed more than 250 people on the island.
The shootout between troops and suspected Islamist militants erupted on Friday evening in Sainthamaruthu in Ampara district, to the south of the town of Batticaloa, site of one of the Easter Sunday blasts at three churches and four luxury hotels.
A police spokesman said that three suspected suicide bombers were among the 15 dead after the shootout.
Islamic State claimed responsibility for last Sunday’s attacks, all but one of which were in the capital, Colombo. The government has said they were carried out by nine well-educated Sri Lankans, eight of whom have been identified.
Authorities have warned there could be more attacks targeting religious centres following the bombings, which shattered the relative calm that Buddhist-majority Sri Lanka had enjoyed since a civil war against mostly-Hindu ethnic Tamil separatists ended a decade ago.
The U.S. State Department, warning that terrorist groups were continuing to plot attacks, urged citizens to reconsider travel to Sri Lanka.
It ordered the departure from the country of all school-age family members of U.S. government employees and also authorised non-emergency employees to leave, it said in a statement.
Britain has also warned its nationals to avoid travelling to Sri Lanka unless absolutely necessary.
ISLAMIC STATE BANNERS AND UNIFORMS
The east coast battle broke out when troops heading towards a suspected militant safe house were repulsed by three explosions and gunfire, military spokesman Sumith Atapattu said.
“Troops retaliated and raided the safe house where a large cache of explosives had been stored,” he said in a statement.
He said the militants were suspected members of the domestic Islamist group National Towheed Jama’at (NTJ), which has been blamed for last Sunday’s attacks.
Bomb-making materials, dozens of gelignite sticks and thousands of ball bearings were found in a search of a separate house in the same area along with Islamic State banners and uniforms, the military said.
Police said on Friday they were trying to track down 140 people they believe have links with Islamic State.
Sri Lanka’s president said on Friday some Sri Lankan youths had been involved with Islamic State since 2013 and that there were links between drug trafficking and Islamic State.
“There is a close relationship between religious extremism and illegal drug trade. Our efforts to eradicate the drugs menace from the country could have advanced the ISIS attack,” said President Maithripala Sirisena.
Nearly 10,000 soldiers have been deployed across the Indian Ocean island state to carry out searches and provide security for religious centres, the military said.
Authorities have so far focused their investigations on international links to two domestic groups they believe carried out the attacks, NTJ and Jammiyathul Millathu Ibrahim.
They have detained at least 76 people, including foreigners from Syria and Egypt, in their investigations so far. Twenty were arrested in the past 24 hours alone, they said.
In a separate raid on a mosque in Colombo, a suspect was arrested and a haul of 40 swords and kris knives were seized from under the bed of the chief cleric, police said.
INTELLIGENCE FAILURE
Islamic State provided no evidence to back its claim that it was behind last Sunday’s blasts. If true, it would be one of the worst attacks carried out by the group outside Iraq and Syria.
The extremist group released a video on Tuesday showing eight men, all but one with their faces covered, standing under a black Islamic State flag and declaring their loyalty to its leader, Abu Bakr Al-Baghdadi.
Muslims were urged to pray at home on Friday after the State Intelligence Services warned of possible car bomb attacks, amid fears of retaliatory violence. Many have fled their homes amid bomb scares, lockdowns and security sweeps.
Archbishop of Colombo Cardinal Malcolm Ranjith told reporters he had seen an internal security document warning of further attacks on churches and said there would be no Catholic masses this Sunday anywhere on the island.
Officials have acknowledged a major lapse in not widely sharing intelligence warnings from India of possible attacks.
President Sirisena said on Friday that top defence and police chiefs had not shared information with him about the impending attacks.
He blamed Prime Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe’s government for weakening the intelligence system by focusing on prosecution of military officers over alleged war crimes during a decades-long civil war with Tamil separatists that ended in 2009.
Sirisena fired Wickremesinghe in October over political differences, only to reinstate him weeks later under pressure from the Supreme Court. But a rift remains between factions aligned to the prime minister and president, sources say.
Sri Lanka’s 22 million people include minority Christians, Muslims and Hindus. Until now, Christians had largely managed to avoid the worst of the island’s conflict and communal tensions.
Most of the victims of the Easter Sunday suicide bombings were Sri Lankans, although authorities said at least 40 foreigners were also killed, many of them tourists sitting down to breakfast at top-end hotels when the bombers struck.
They included British, U.S., Australian, Turkish, Indian, Chinese, Danish, Dutch and Portuguese nationals.
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Stories January 17, 2017 June 21, 2018
3 Things People Don’t Get About Me as an Introvert
by Janet Anthony
Have you ever done or said something and the people around you looked at you like you were an alien from Mars? If you’re an introvert, this sort of thing probably happens to you all the time. You may have even gotten used to it because it happens so much.
Personally, I have been misunderstood in tons of situations. It began in high school when I didn’t want to stay out late partying like my friends. Some of them said I was poor at dancing and felt hurt seeing everyone jumping around having the time of their lives. All I wanted was to sit on the sidelines and watch them enjoy the party their way. But none of them understood. To them, it was unintelligible rocket science that they couldn’t fathom.
Here are three more ways I have felt misunderstand as an introvert. Can you relate?
1. My introversion is mistaken for shyness. I have been mistaken as being shy for as long as I can remember. I don’t know why people think of me as being shy, but it makes me feel like the black sheep of the family. What they fail to understand is that just because I’m not as outgoing as them, I’m not really shy per se. According to Susan Cain, author of Quiet, “Shyness is the fear of negative judgment, and introversion is a preference for quiet, minimally stimulating environments.” In other words, if you’re extremely self-conscious and worry excessively about others judging you, you might be shy. But if you stay home alone on a Friday night simply because you prefer calm and quiet, you’re an introvert.
2. My need for solitude is considered unsociable. In the current world we’re living in, the extrovert’s way is continually praised. Introverts, who tend to keep to themselves, may be seen as poor at socializing and are considered lonely freaks. Unlike what most people think, I actually like being in the midst of people exchanging helpful ideas. But rather than going to a big social event, I prefer having quality, close friends. I can be a loner, yes, but I do like having people around once in a while. Likewise, the idea that introverts can’t work with other people or in groups is totally wrong. More than once, people have told me that I work best alone and I’m better off that way. To some extent, this might be true, but again, thinking that I’m poor at teamwork is wrong. It is true that I have a tendency to be quiet in large groups, but I do speak a lot in small ones. In fact, being an introvert, I can help guide my group to think more deeply about what we’re doing. Do not be surprised when I tell you that many successful people, such as Bill Gates, Warren Buffet, and Steve Wozniak have been classified as introverts.
3. My quietness is seen as a dislike of talking. Perhaps the biggest misconception about me is that I don’t like talking. But that’s what this belief is — a misconception. I personally love talking to people, but not always. This is the keyword here. Unlike extroverts who always seem to be jovial, I tend to be more reserved. I do more listening than talking, which is one characteristic you’ll find in most (if not all) introverts. We usually only talk when it’s absolutely necessary to do so. Unless we have some really important stuff to say, we prefer not to speak. We may be especially quiet in large crowds and around strange faces. However, we engage in pretty awesome conversations when we feel comfortable around people, especially when we get to talk about those peculiar topics we love. Likewise, some people would ask: What about public speaking? I would honestly inform you that we, introverts, make great speakers. To begin with, we prepare adequately before compiling our projects. I personally take a lot of time observing, listening, and noticing what’s happening around me. We introverts may shock others with our quality content and amazing presentations.
I highly suggest that any extroverts reading this take some time to understand introversion before judging us. This might be especially hard in workplaces, where we interact with many different personalities, and we’re expected to all get along. But it’s possible for both introverts and extroverts to mingle and work together in a peaceful environment. All we have to do is learn about other people’s personalities and take them as they are.
Did you enjoy this article? Sign up for our newsletters to get more stories like this.
Read this: Just Because I Don’t Look Excited Doesn’t Mean I’m Not Into This
Janet Anthony
Janet Anthony is a blogger from Kansas City and a content writer at a research paper writing service who has been writing professionally for five years. She mostly writes about blogging, self-development, and motivation. Her motto is, “What you do today can improve all your tomorrows." Find Janet on Facebook.
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The Surprising Dark Side of the INFJ Personality Type
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Double entendre
Lodgings to Let, an 1814 engraving featuring a double entendre.
He: "My sweet honey, I hope you are to be let with the Lodgins!"
She: "No, sir, I am to be let alone".
A double entendre (/ˌdʌbᵊl ɒnˈtɒndrə/; French pronunciation: [dubl ɑ̃.tɑ̃dʁ(ə)]) is a figure of speech or a particular way of wording that is devised to be understood in either of two ways, having a double meaning. Typically one of the meanings is obvious, given the context whereas the other may require more thought. The innuendo may convey a message that would be socially awkward, sexually suggestive or offensive to state directly (the Oxford English Dictionary describes a double entendre as being used to "convey an indelicate meaning", whilst Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English defines it as "a word or phrase that may be understood in two different ways, one of which is often sexual").[1]
A double entendre may exploit puns to convey the second meaning. Double entendres generally rely on multiple meanings of words, or different interpretations of the same primary meaning. They often exploit ambiguity and may be used to introduce it deliberately in a text. Sometimes a homophone (i.e., another word which sounds the same) can be used as a pun. When three or more meanings have been constructed, this is known as a "triple entendre", etc.
A person who is unfamiliar with the hidden or alternative meaning of a sentence may fail to detect its innuendos, aside from observing that others find it humorous for no apparent reason. Perhaps because it is not offensive to those who do not recognise it, innuendo is often used in sitcoms and other comedy where the audience may enjoy the humour while being oblivious to its secondary meaning.
A triple entendre is a phrase that can be understood in any of three ways, such as in the back cover of the 1981 Rush album Moving Pictures which shows a moving company carrying paintings out of a building while people are shown being emotionally moved and a film crew makes a "moving picture" of the whole scene.[2]
The expression comes from French double = "double" and entendre = "to listen" (but also "to understand"[3]). However, the English formulation is a corruption of the authentic French expression à double entente ("double meaning").[4] Modern French uses double sens instead; the phrase double entendre has no real meaning in the modern French language.
In Homer's The Odyssey, when Odysseus is captured by the Cyclops Polyphemus, he tells the Cyclops that his name is Oudeis (ουδεις = No-one). When Odysseus attacks the Cyclops later that night and stabs him in the eye, the Cyclops runs out of his cave, yelling to the other cyclopes that "No-one has hurt me!", which leads the other cyclopes to take no action, allowing Odysseus and his men to escape.
The first page of the poem "The Wanderer" found in the Exeter Book.
Some of the earliest double entendres are found in the Exeter Book, or Codex exoniensis, at Exeter Cathedral in England. The book was copied around 975 AD. In addition to the various poems and stories found in the book, there are also numerous riddles. The Anglo-Saxons did not reveal the answers to the riddles, but they have been answered by scholars over the years. Some riddles were double-entendres, such as Riddle 25 ("I am a wondrous creature: to women a thing of joyful expectation, to close-lying companions serviceable. I harm no city-dweller excepting my slayer alone. My stem is erect and tall––I stand up in bed––and whiskery somewhere down below. Sometimes a countryman's quite comely daughter will venture, bumptious girl, to get a grip on me. She assaults my red self and seizes my head and clenches me in a cramped place. She will soon feel the effect of her encounter with me, this curl-locked woman who squeezes me. Her eye will be wet.") which suggests the answer "a penis" but has the correct answer "an onion".[5]
Examples of sexual innuendo and double-entendre occur in Geoffrey Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales (14th century), in which the Wife of Bath's Tale is laden with double entendres. The most famous of these may be her use of the word "queynte" to describe both domestic duties (from the homonym "quaint") and genitalia ("queynte" being the root of 'cunt', a vulgar English word for vagina.)
The title of Sir Thomas More's 1516 fictional work Utopia is a double entendre because of the pun between two Greek-derived words that would have identical pronunciation: with his spelling, it means "no place"[6] (as echoed later in Samuel Butler's later Erewhon); spelled as the rare word Eutopia, it is pronounced the same[7] by English-speaking readers, but has the meaning "good place".
Sometimes, it is unclear whether a double entendre was intended. For example, the character Charley Bates from Charles Dickens' Oliver Twist is frequently referred to as Master Bates. The word "masturbate" was in use when the book was written, and Dickens often used colourful names related to the natures of the characters.
The title of Damon Knight's story To Serve Man is a double entendre which could mean "to perform a service to humanity" or "to serve a human as food". An alien cookbook with the title To Serve Man is featured in the story which could imply that the aliens eat humans. The story was the basis for an episode of The Twilight Zone. At the end of the episode the line "It's a cookbook!" reveals the truth.
Stage performances
Flax on a distaff
Shakespeare frequently used double entendres in his plays. Sir Toby Belch in Twelfth Night says of Sir Andrew's hair, that "it hangs like flax on a distaff; and I hope to see a housewife take thee between her legs and spin it off;" the Nurse in Romeo and Juliet says that her husband had told Juliet when she was learning to walk that "Yea, dost thou fall upon thy face? Thou wilt fall backward when thou hast more wit;", or is told the time by Mercutio: "for the bawdy hand of the dial is now upon the prick of noon"; and in Hamlet, Hamlet publicly torments Ophelia with a series of sexual puns, including "country matters" (similar to "cunt"). The title of Shakespeare's play Much Ado About Nothing is a pun on the Elizabethan use of "no-thing" as slang for vagina.[8][9]
In the UK, starting in the 19th century, Victorian morality disallowed sexual innuendo in the theatre as being unpleasant, particularly for the ladies in the audience. In music hall songs, on the other hand, this kind of innuendo remained very popular. Marie Lloyd's song "She Sits Among the Cabbages and Peas" is an example of this. (Music hall in this context is to be compared with Variety, the one common, low-class and vulgar; the other demi-monde, worldly and sometimes chic.) In the 20th century there began to a crackdown on lewdness, including some prosecutions. It was the job of the Lord Chamberlain to examine the scripts of all plays for indecency. Nevertheless, some comedians still continued to get away with it. Max Miller, famously, had two books of jokes, a white book and a blue book, and would ask his audience which book they wanted to hear stories from. If they chose the blue book, he could blame the audience for the lewdness to follow, the white book was rarely used (in the UK, 'blue' colloquially refers to sexual content, as in 'blue jokes', 'blue movies' etc.).
In the United States, innuendo and double entendre were only lightly used in radio media until the 1980s when the Howard Stern Show began to push the envelope of what was acceptable on the radio through use of double entendre and ironies. This garnered so much attention it spawned an entire genre of Radio called "Shock Jock Radio" where DJs will push the limits of what is an "acceptable" double entendre to use on over the air as the FCC has been known to hand out large fines for the use of double entendre on Radio if they deem it to be in violation of their standards.
In Britain, innuendo humour began to transfer to radio and cinema from the late 1950s on. Particularly significant in this respect were the Carry On series of films and the BBC radio series Round the Horne, although some of Round the Horne appeared to be nonsense language, the protagonists were sometimes having 'rude' conversations in Polari (gay slang). Round the Horne depended heavily on innuendo and double entendre, the show's name itself being a triple entendre, a play on the name of its central actor Kenneth Horne and those around him, the sailor's expression 'going round the horn' (i.e. Cape Horn), and the fact that 'horn' is slang for an erection. Spike Milligan, writer of The Goon Show, remarked that a lot of 'blue' (i.e. sexual) innuendo came from servicemen's jokes, which most of the cast understood (they all had been soldiers) and many of the audience understood, but which passed over the heads of most of the Senior BBC producers and directors, most of whom were "Officer class".
In 1968, the office of the Lord Chamberlain ceased to have responsibility for censoring live entertainment, after the Theatres Act 1968. By the 1970s innuendo had become widely used across much of the British broadcast media, including sitcoms and radio comedy, such as I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue. For example, in the 1970s TV comedy series Are You Being Served?, Mrs. Slocombe frequently referred to her pet cat as her "pussy", apparently unaware of how easily her statement could be misinterpreted, such as "It's a wonder I'm here at all, you know. My pussy got soakin' wet. I had to dry it out in front of the fire before I left". Someone unfamiliar with sexual slang might find this statement funny simply because of the references to her sodden cat, whereas others would find further humour in the innuendo ("pussy" being sexual slang for vulva).
Modern comedies, such as the US version of The Office, do not hide the addition of sexual innuendos into the script, for example, main character Michael Scott often deploys the phrase "that's what she said" after another character's innocent statement, to turn it retroactively into a sexual pun.
On The Scott Mills Show on BBC Radio 1, listeners are asked to send in clips from radio and TV with double meanings in a humorous context, a feature known as "Innuendo Bingo". Presenters and special guests fill their mouths with water and listen to the clips, and the last person to spit the water out with laughter wins the game.[10]
Double entendres are popular in modern movies, as a way to conceal adult humour in a work aimed at general audiences. The James Bond films are rife with such humour. For example, in Tomorrow Never Dies (1997), when Bond is disturbed by the telephone while in bed with a Danish girl, he explains to Moneypenny that he is busy "brushing up on a little Danish". Moneypenny responds by pointing out that Bond was known as "a cunning linguist", a play on the word "cunnilingus". In the final scene of "Moonraker", while Bond is taking Dr Holly Goodhead “round the world one more time”, Q says to Sir Frederick Gray, “I think he’s attempting re-entry, sir.” In "The World Is Not Enough" (1999), while in bed with Dr Christmas Jones, Bond tells her “I thought Christmas only comes once a year”. Other obvious examples include Pussy Galore in Goldfinger and Holly Goodhead in Moonraker. The double entendres of the Bond films were parodied in the Austin Powers series.
Bawdy double entendres, such as "I'm the kinda girl who works for Paramount by day, and Fox all night", and "I feel like a million tonight — but only one at a time", are typical of the comedy writing of Mae West, for her early-career vaudeville performances as well as for her later plays and movies.
Double entendres are very common in the titles and lyrics of pop songs, such as "If I Said You Had a Beautiful Body Would You Hold It Against Me" by The Bellamy Brothers, which is based on an old Groucho Marx quote, where the person being talked to is asked, by one interpretation if they would be offended, and by the other, if they would press their body against the person doing the talking.
Singer and songwriter Bob Dylan, in his somewhat controversial song "Rainy Day Women #12 & 35", repeats the line "Everybody must get stoned". In context, the phrase refers to the punishment of execution by stoning, but on another level it means to 'get stoned', a common slang term for being high on narcotics (specifically cannabis). In their song "Big Balls" on the album Dirty Deeds Done Dirt Cheap, AC/DC the chorus "we've got big balls" can be read as referring to either formal dances or testicles. During the 1940s, Benny Bell recorded several "party records" that contained double entendre including "Everybody Wants My Fanny".
Double entendres can arise in the replies to inquiries. The clichéd phrase "that's what she said", as well as "so to speak" can be used[11] to remark on a sentence said by another which was not intended as a double entendre but nevertheless could be interpreted with a double meaning, one of them sexual.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Double entendres.
Look up double entendre in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Albur
Dangling modifier
Euphemism
Iham
Paraprosdokian
Spoonerism
Said the actress to the bishop (also, That's what she said)
↑ "Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English online". Dictionary of Contemporary English. Longman. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
↑ "The Rush Frequently Asked Questions on the Internet File". nimitz.net.
↑ definition of entendre, sub II at www.cnrtl.fr, accessed on 23 March 2012
↑ definition of Entente at dictionnaire.reverso.net accessed on 20 November 2011
↑ "Exeter Book Riddles". penelope.uchicago.edu. Retrieved 2015-10-01.
↑ "Utopia – Definition of utopia by Merriam-Webster". webster.com.
↑ A. D. Cousins, Macquarie University. "Utopia." The Literary Encyclopedia. 25 October 2004. The Literary Dictionary Company. 3 January 2008.
↑ Williams, Gordon (1997). A Glossary of Shakespeare's Sexual Language. Althone Press. p. 219. ISBN 0-485-12130-1.
↑ Dexter, Gary (13 February 2011). "Title Deed: How the Book Got its Name". The Daily Telegraph. London.
↑ "Innuendo Bingo". Retrieved 15 October 2012.
↑ "Fighter Pilot Speak". Retrieved January 2012. Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
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Edgar Lacy
(1944-08-02)August 2, 1944
March 22, 2011(2011-03-22) (aged 66)
Listed height
Listed weight
190 lb (86 kg)
Jefferson (Los Angeles, California)
UCLA (1964–1968)
1968 / Round: 4 / Pick: 43rd overall
Selected by the San Francisco Warriors
Los Angeles Stars
2× NCAA champion (1965, 1968)
Stats at Basketball-Reference.com
Edgar Eddie Lacy (August 2, 1944 – March 22, 2011) was an American basketball player who won two NCAA championships at UCLA, then played one season in the American Basketball Association with the Los Angeles Stars. In public printed media, his last name was generally rendered as Lacey. However, at the time he signed his professional contract, he indicated the correct spelling had always been Lacy.[1]
Lacy was a highly decorated player at Jefferson High School in Los Angeles. He was twice named a high school All-American by Parade Magazine[2] and was Los Angeles city player of the year as a senior in 1963. Lacy chose to attend hometown UCLA and play for future Hall of Fame coach John Wooden. In his sophomore season, he was a starter on the Bruins' 1964–65 championship team. After a strong junior season, Lacy redshirted what would have been his senior year with a broken leg in 1966–67 as the Bruins won their third championship.
In 1967–68, Lacy opted to return and was again a starter for the Bruins. However, in a highly anticipated match-up between the Bruins and the Houston Cougars—a contest dubbed the "Game of the Century" by the media—Lacy was benched by Wooden after 11 minutes and never re-entered the game. Upset with Wooden's public comments implying that he did not want back into the game, Lacy quit the team, missing what would be another UCLA championship run.[3][4] "I've never enjoyed playing for that man," Lacy said of Wooden after quitting.[5] In 2008, Wooden stated, "I'm sorry I said that. It hurt him, and that's why he quit. I was very disappointed. Edgar was a fine boy."[3]
Lacy was drafted by the San Francisco Warriors in the fourth round of the 1968 NBA Draft (he had also been drafted by the Boston Celtics the previous year). However, he instead played in the ABA for the Los Angeles Stars. Lacy played one season for the Stars, averaging 5.1 points and 3.9 rebounds in 46 games.[6] Prior to the next season, he retired from professional basketball, stating his intention to return to college to pursue a law degree.[7]
Edgar Lacy died on March 22, 2011.[8] He was survived by his daughter, Celeste Lacy.
↑ (1968, September 26). "Ex-Bruin Star Lacy (Not Lacey) Signs L.A. Star Contract", Los Angeles Times, Page F1
↑ "The All-America high school team". The Independent Star-News. March 31, 1963. p. 115. Retrieved July 10, 2016 – via Newspapers.com.
1 2 Norwood, Robyn (January 19, 2008). "Game of the Century". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on February 7, 2014.
↑ Kirkpatrick, Curry (November 30, 1970). "Ucla: Simple, Awesomely Simple". Sports Illustrated. Archived from the original on February 7, 2014.
↑ AP Report (January 29, 1968). "Bruin cage star Lacy quits in huff". The Press-Courier. p. 12. Retrieved August 1, 2011.
↑ , accessed August 1, 2011
↑ (1969, September 27). "Lacy Quits Stars; Wierman, Bonus Choice, Released", Los Angeles Times, Page C5.
↑ Edgar Lacey: Basketball star who lost his shine in 1 night, accessed August 1, 2011
Press-Telegram News Obituary for Edgar Lacy
Mr. Basketball USA winners
1955: Chamberlain
1957: Lucas
1959: Raftery
1960: Hawkins
1961: Bradley
1962: Russell
1963: Lacy
1964: Alcindor
1966: Murphy
1967: Haywood
1968: Westphal
1969: McGinnis
1970: McMillen
1972: Buckner
1973: Dantley
1974: Malone
1975: Cartwright
1976: Griffith
1977: King
1978: Aguirre
1979: Kellogg
1980: Rivers
1981: Ewing
1982: Tisdale
1983: R. Williams
1984: J. Williams
1985: Ferry
1986: Reid
1988: Mourning
1989: Anderson
1990: Bailey
1991: Webber
1992: Kidd
1993: Wallace
1994: Lopez
1995: Garnett
1996: Bibby
1997: McGrady
1998: Lewis
1999: Bender
2000: Miles
2001: Wagner
2002: James
2004: Telfair
2005: Ellis
2006: Oden
2007: Mayo
2008: Jennings
2009: Favors
2010: Barnes
2011: Kidd-Gilchrist
2012: Muhammad
2013: Wiggins
2014: Alexander
2015: Simmons
2016: Ball
UCLA Bruins Men's Basketball 1964–65 NCAA Champions
23 Kenny Washington
25 Gail Goodrich
32 Doug McIntosh
35 Mike Lynn
40 Freddie Goss
53 Keith Erickson
54 Edgar Lacey
22 Kenny Heitz
33 Lew Alcindor (MOP)
42 Lucius Allen
44 Mike Warren
45 Bill Sweek
53 Lynn Shackelford
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A Kentucky Barren
The name popularly applied to the region embraced within the limits of Barren, Warren, Simpson, Logan, and the lower part of Todd, Christian and Trigg Counties, is very misleading to the modern ear. To the pioneers of the early part of this century, impressed by the stern experiences of frontier life, it meant a land ” where every prospect pleases” the eye only to dupe the understanding. They had been brought up in a timbered country, and had been educated to believe that it was necessary not only to their comfort but to their very existence. They had an exaggerated idea of the amount of timber needed for dwellings and fuel, and seemed to believe that soil too poor to grow it would scarcely grow anything else, while the exposed situation would expose them to the burning sun of summer and the fierce blasts of winter. The region thus early passed by presented a beautiful picture of the splendor and bounty of untrammeled nature. Unlike the great prairies of the Northwest, there was great variety in the configuration of the surface. Beautiful springs of unfailing water gave rise to small rivulets, which, uniting, formed branches of creeks, the banks of which were skirted by more or less extended groves. The more open places between streams had been kept clear by the fires kindled by the Indians so long as they were lords of the soil, but as their power waned hazel bushes made their appearance in great numbers, interspersed with sumac and timber saplings. There were long stretches where the sward, radiant with flowers and fruitful ‘ with a mass of wild strawberries, lay unbroken for miles. So. prodigal was nature with these unappreciated bounties that the odors were wafted on the breeze for miles, while the cows came home at the milking hour with white legs stained a blood red by the berries crushed in their wanderings. Vast herds of deer bounded leisurely over the gently rolling meadows; great flocks of wild turkeys in their panoply of glittering green and blue plumage were met in every direction, and thousands of ” barren hens ” (similar to if not identical with the ” prairie chicken “) and quail could be had for the taking. Nor was there any remarkable dearth of timber, as in some of the early prairies of the Northwest. The region from Little River (Hopkinsville) to the Whippoorwill (Russellville) was devoid of timber save along the margin of the streams. The trace which connected these two points led along the open ground, and but one grove was to be found near it. This was a noted landmark known as Croghan’s Grove, on the west branch of the West Fork of Red River. It was a military survey of 2,600 acres, heavily timbered and untouched by the ax. It belonged to Maj. Croghan of the Virginia Line. It has since been demonstrated that it needed only that the obstacles to the growth of timber should be removed to secure an ample supply. This fact, however, the experience of the pioneers furnished no means of discovering. In his sketches, Mr. Kennedy relates that :
In an early day his father had business at Clarksville, and concluded to come through to John Harray’s, now (1875) John Holland’s, who formerly had lived with him in Upper Kentucky. On his way through the barrens, he called at Maj. Moore’s to get his breakfast and horse fed. In conversation, Mr. Kennedy spoke of settling in this country, when the Major offered to give him 200 acres of the choice barrens near Trenton, at fifty cents per acre, and offered him 200 acres for the horse he was riding, but Kennedy refused, saying he did not wish to starve or freeze for want of fire, or timber for building or fencing purposes, so he afterward came to where I now live and bought land at $1 per acre.” The pioneers were undoubtedly less foolish than would seem at first glance to-day. More fencing was done than was absolutely necessary, and the kind in vogue, the old Virginia worm fence, was not the most economical kind, but some fencing was absolutely necessary, and in those days of limited cash and more limited markets, the purchase of timber was not to be seriously thought of.
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Tag Archives: Broke
Charles and Robert Beaumont
The brothers Revs. Charles (1710—1758) and Robert (1724—1792) Beaumont came from one strand of the large and complicated Beaumont family in Suffolk. Their father Robert (1683—1737) was educated at Queen’s College Cambridge, and became Rector of Witnesham in 1708 and later Vicar of Henley and Vicar of St. Lawrence in Ipswich. The extended family included several other members of the clergy, including Charles Beaumont, DD (1660—1726), Fellow of Peterhouse College who left land and money to his cousin the elder Robert and thence to his godson, Charles.
Of the brothers, I know less about Robert. He would still have been only about thirteen when his father died. He did go on to Cambridge and was ordained in 1746, being appointed Rector of Helmingham and vicar of Framsden in 1760, posts which he retained for the rest of his life. His subscription to Kirby’s Historical Account is the only subscription of his I know.
Charles, the eldest son, has left more of a record. He went to Peterhouse, gaining his BA in 1731 and MA in 1734, was ordained in 1735 and succeeded his father as Rector of Witnesham in 1736.
Charles continued his father’s practice of giving sermons in support of the Charity Schools, the Grey-Coat boys and Blue-Coat girls of Ipswich, and seems to have resided, at least some of the time, in Ipswich. Witnesham is only about four miles from Ipswich, so this hardly counts as not living in the living.
It is presumably Charles, rather than Robert, who provides the link with Kirby. Witnesham Hall was owned by the Meadows family (and had been it its hands for several centuries) and Joshua Kirby’s brother William, a lawyer by training, married Lucy Meadows and lived at Witnesham Hall administering the family property. Charles subscribed to both the Historical Account and the first edition of the Method of Perspective.
Charles married Elizabeth Vesey and they had three children, although the first died young. The middle daughter, Elizabeth, married Philip Broke and their son, Sir Philip Bowes Vere Broke, was captain of HMS Shannon when she captured the USS Chesapeake in the War of 1812.
This entry was posted in Family, Kirby, People, Subscribers and tagged Beaumont, Broke, Chesapeake, clergy, Peterhouse, Subscribers, Witnesham on December 31, 2012 by dmelville2012.
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KIRCO’s Cardinal Health Distribution Center Project in Detroit Recognized Nationally with Multiple Awards at 2015 Brownfield Conference
Troy, Michigan
Sept. 16, 2015 – KIRCO – a full-service commercial development, construction and property management organization – announced that its Cardinal Health Distribution Center redevelopment project in Detroit was recognized with both the prestigious Grand Prize Award and the People’s Choice Award at Brownfields 2015 in Chicago competing with project across the nation. The event is the premier conference and trade show focused on environmental revitalization and economic development.
Earlier, the Cardinal Health Distribution Center project also was recognized with the national Renewal Award for Environmental Impact and the Phoenix Award for USEPA Region 5 (including Michigan, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin and Minnesota).
Designed as a state-of-the-art medical distribution facility for Cardinal Health to service Henry Ford Health System, Detroit Medical Center and other medical centers, the project was the inaugural step in a comprehensive community redevelopment plan by Henry Ford Health System. The plan includes improving hundreds of blighted, contaminated and obsolete properties south of the Detroit hospital campus into a thriving mixed-use neighborhood with residential, commercial and med-tech businesses.
“It has been rewarding to lead the development and construction of a project that has such a meaningful impact to our customer, its clients and the City of Detroit,” said Dean Kiriluk, chief investment officer, KIRCO. “And being recognized for our efforts with these prestigious awards is a testament to the entire team that was involved, including Cardinal Health, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit Medical Center, AKT Peerless and more, that what we accomplished in truly impactful.”
The Renewal Award was judged by 29 industry experts who evaluated over 80 nominated projects from across the county. The Phoenix Award is overseen by a non-profit organization and selected by a panel of national experts.
Each of the regional Phoenix Award winners representing the ten regions of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) competed for both the National Grand Prize and People’s Choice Awards. The Grand Prize Award was judged by a panel of industry experts and awarded to the Brownfield project that was determined to be Best of Show, while the People’s Choice Award was presented to the Phoenix Award winning Brownfield project that received the greatest number of votes during the 2015 Brownfield’s Conference.
About the Cardinal Health Distribution Center Project
The newly constructed 275,000 square-foot distribution facility opened in May 2015 and represents a new investment of approximately $30 million in the neighborhood. The redevelopment incorporates many state-of-the-art design elements, including a passive vapor mitigation system and highly efficient mechanical and electrical systems monitored by an elaborate network of direct digital controls.
The site was assembled from 80 individual properties. The assemblage was undertaken by Henry Ford Health System over three years and comprised of properties owned by private individuals, businesses and numerous tax-reverted properties. A number of the properties required processing through the Michigan Land Bank Fast Track Authority in order to provide insurable titles. Acquisition of the final parcels included in the project occurred concurrently with final site plan, building design, municipal approval and Brownfield incentive approval processes.
The property assemblage contained 23 blighted structures requiring hazardous material surveys, abatement and demolition before redevelopment. These properties included vacant lots, vacant residential homes, commercial parcels, a variety of industrial buildings and properties, and streets and alleyways that would require abandonment.
About KIRCO
An award winning, full service and vertically integrated real estate organization, KIRCO has planned and developed over 30 million square feet of property since 1974. A third generation, family-owned real estate development, construction and property management company, KIRCO is focused on helping corporate clients in the office, healthcare, industrial and retail sectors leverage real estate strategies and underutilized real estate assets to grow market share, build their brand and improve their business results. With headquarters in Troy, Mich. and offices in Columbus, Ohio and Charlotte, N. C., the company is a major developer of build to suit, own or lease spaces from coast to coast.
About KIRCO MANIX
KIRCO MANIX provides construction management services in office, light and heavy manufacturing, distribution, retail, healthcare and community market sectors. KIRCO MANIX is a full service construction company that has operated throughout the region since 1929. The company combines the experience of two well-established construction firms, Campbell / Manix and KIRCO Construction. With total construction volume exceeding $3 billion, KIRCO MANIX offers customers a unique, full-service approach by managing the design, engineering and construction phase through the eyes of an owner.
For more information, please visit www.KIRCO.com or call 248.680.7180.
Editor’s Note: Images and interviews are available by contacting Jessica Muzik at jmuzik@bianchipr.com.
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Jacob Riyeff
Medieval English Reading Group
A Note on Use of the Medieval Past in our Precarious Times
Texts for Studying Old English and Anglo-Saxon Monasticism
Swami Abhishiktananda
Swami Abhishiktananda and Shri Ramana Maharshi (Audio)
January 26, 2019 / jriyeff / Leave a comment
After an unpremeditated hiatus, I’m back to posting. I’ll be posting some audio files of my own poems from my first poetry collection, Sunk in Your Shipwreck, that came out in October very soon. But for the moment here’s another from Swami Abhishiktananda, the Benedictine-monk-turned-wandering-sannyasi whose poems I translated last year.
In “Shri Ramana Was Great,” Swami Abhishiktananda wrestles with Christ, wondering how this sage of modern India could have such grace though clearly he was not in any formal sense part of Christ’s community that is the Church. (The ashram community responsible for Shri Ramana’s legacy is here; for more on Swamiji’s relationship to Shri Ramana and the holy mountain Arunachala, see my previous post.)
This realization of Shri Ramana’s greatness in the S/spirit was Swamiji’s first real leap into exploring the great Awakening that goes beyond religious affiliation and doctrine. In Shri Ramana, Swamiji found embodied the deep self-realization that he found recounted in the Upanishads, and this challenged his French Catholic upbringing and monastic and priestly formation. The poem here follows his searching, guiding the reader (and, one assumes, himself) to a precarious peace with a situation that doesn’t seem to have an obvious resolution along traditional religious lines. Here it is:
https://jacobriyeff.files.wordpress.com/2019/01/shri-ramana-was-great.wav
New Book of Poems!
October 25, 2018 / jriyeff / Leave a comment
I am very excited to announce the publication of my first poetry collection, Sunk in Your Shipwreck: A Palmer Stammering. It’s now available thru Resource Publications and Amazon.
The book includes poems from the last ten years or so, a number published in journals and magazines but plenty of unpublished material too. I’ll be posting some readings in the coming weeks, but here is the description from the back cover for now:
Sunk in Your Shipwreck is a collection of poems that employs the trope of the pilgrimage to structure its meanderings, especially (in murky and unfaithful ways) echoing the great medieval English poem, Piers Plowman. Moving through a poem from beginning to end is itself a kind of pilgrimage in the mind and on the tongue. The poems here reflect a late modern palmering, a movement from place to place and time to time and back again, movement through language and silence, inner and outer states, contemplative and active, starting and stopping, a longing for a constant or a destination in a life of uncertain circumstances and goals. In this verse peregrination, the palmer seeks out an illuminating and sustaining vision to form and transform common surroundings and moments of human life, a pursuit that is hopeful and darkly radiant by turns.
Bhairava
September 10, 2018 / jriyeff / Leave a comment
Here is another reading of one of my translations of Swami Abhishiktananda’s poems. This piece, “Bhairava,” is one of my favorite of Swamiji’s poems. The Sanskrit adjective “bhairava” means “frightful/terrible/etc.” and it is also the name of a deity recognized in Hinduism and various schools of Buddhism, especially associated in Hinduism with Shiva. Bhairava is then a frightful face of Shiva, having to do with dissolution and annihilation. Swamiji composed this poem during his month-long silent retreat at Kumbakonam, a town in Tamil Nadu, India in November of 1955.
Swami Abhishiktananda uses this title of Shiva as a novel way into some well-trodden tropes in the mystical poetic toolkit: abandonment, ravishment, desolation and dissolution, union-as-annihilation-of-the-self. The poem speaks to the terror and lonesomeness of the radically contemplative life and the experience of non-dualism within human consciousness–even as union is experienced, a lingering sense of the individual endures and can cause disturbance.
But beyond the surface of these frightful images and emotional states, one can also see the playful use of such imagery to paradoxically gesture toward profound states of consciousness that simply don’t “come out” in direct expression. Though Swamiji’s imagery here is distraught and painful–even calling his addressee an “Ogre” at one point–it points to a state of unknowing that is “tender and heartrending at once,” heartrending as long as there is some part of the identity that is clung to, at any rate.
https://jacobriyeff.files.wordpress.com/2018/09/bhairava.wav
Dom Henri Le Saux/Swami Abhishiktananda and the Holy Mountain Arunachala
August 7, 2018 August 7, 2018 / jriyeff / 1 Comment
In 1948, Dom Henri Le Saux, a Benedictine Monk, left his native Brittany and arrived in Southern India. He intended to establish the contemplative monastic life in the Indian church, a life dedicated to sacred silence in a land imbued with sacred silence.
Though he was sympathetic to Hindu philosophy, especially the ideas and experiences described in the Hindu scriptures known as the Upanishads, he still assumed that he would be converting others to the Christian way during his time in India. Yet when he encountered the simple faithful and the contemporary sages in his new homeland, he found the Spirit at work there, beyond the borders of institutional Christianity and any Christian faith whatsoever. This led him to dramatically reevaluate his “mission” in India and his very understanding of all R/reality.
This reevaluation was especially spurred by his encounter with the Self-realized sage Shri Ramana Maharshi (shortly before Shri Ramana’s leaving the body in 1950) and the sacred mountain where Shri Ramana lived, Arunachala. In Shri Ramana, Swami Abhishiktananda saw the heights of contemplation and divine union of his own Catholic Christian tradition lived in an authentic way, and he spent several retreats living in the caves of Arunachala and getting to know the hermits who lived there, the members of Shri Ramana’s ashram community, and those who lived in the adjacent town, Tiruvannamalai.
In the caves of Arunachala, Swami Abhishiktananda spent long hours in silence and experienced deep states of meditation. As Swami Atmananda Udasin, the director of the Abhishiktananda Centre for Interreligious Dialogue, says, “there [he] had his first great mystical insights. Later in his life, he would refer to the Mountain as his place of Awakening: ‘But as for myself, like Shri Ramana, it was Arunachala that awakened me. Oh, that Awakening!'”
The larger part of my new book, In the Bosom of the Father: The Collected Poems of a Benedictine Mystic, is comprised of the poems that Swami Abhishiktananda composed in light of his experiences in those first few years in India, especially in his encounter with Arunachala as well as Swami Abhishiktananda’s “renderings” of Shri Ramana’s Tamil poems. The first in the collection, Aruncachala, he described as being “sung to me by Arunachala one night before I went to sleep, and I relit my lamp several times to catch it. Perhaps it will convey some of the spell cast on me by Arunachala.” Below is a reading of my translation of Swami Abhishiktananda’s poem, and Swamiji’s own note for context.
https://jacobriyeff.files.wordpress.com/2018/08/arunachala.wav
“Arunachala is a holy place of particular veneration in Tamil Nadu in the South of India. The Puranas . . . tell of its origins. There was a quarrel between Brahma and Vishnu, each claiming that he was the First and Greatest. Suddenly, a Column of Fire appeared in the space between them. They decided that whoever first found either the foundation or the summit of this mysterious Column would be accepted by the other as the superior. Brahma dashed to the summit, while Vishnu began to dig into the earth, but both had to admit the vanity of their efforts. It was Shiva who had manifested themselves to them, convincing them of the futility of their former claims, for the greatest and first in Being is Shiva. The Column of Fire later turned into a Mountain of sapphire, and finally a Mountain of stone. Each year during the full moon of the month of Karttikai (15 November-15 December), an immense fire is lit on the summit of the Mountain, which is called the feast of Dipam (“dipa” in Sanskrit; “lamp” in English). The Tamil name for the city there is Tiruvannamalai.” (In the Bosom of the Father, 23.)
Available from Resource Publications
Available from Cistercian Publications
Celebrating the Unity of East and West in New Essay in Benedictine Magazine July 1, 2019
Thank you to New Camaldoli and Retreatants + New Audio of Swamiji Poem July 1, 2019
New Interview on St. Aethelwold’s Translation of the Rule of St. Benedict March 22, 2019
Chaucer’s “Truth: A Ballade of Good Counsel” March 5, 2019
“Penwith”–A Poem from My First Collection February 26, 2019
Wea bið wundrum clibbor; wolcnu scriðað.
–Maxims II, 13
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Life on Lease
Statistics about Pakistani banks reaping huge profits in the last five years or so are deceptive, if true. The consumer banking shows only one side of the picture.
For this Special Report, we decided to separate the consumers from banking to see how they fare in the new arrangement. Are they happy to have realised the dreams they were made to dream by an aggressive advertising they could not have missed, even if they chose to? Or do they feel stuck, in stress, or not quite happy as they had imagined?
Lease a dream
Luxurious goodies for the enhancement of social status have today become more of a reality than a distant dream
By Aziz Omar
For the average salaried consumer of Pakistan, the leasing industry appears to be a treasure chest, full of luxurious goodies for the taking. With the past couple of years witnessing the so-called liberalisation of the country's economy, a Pakistani middle and upper-middle class citizen has upped his and her lifestyle. Thanks to the various tantalising, consumer financing deals being 'consumed' like hot cakes, asset acquisition for the enhancement of social status seems to have become more of a reality rather than a distant dream.
Chit chat financing
Informal financing stems from the need to operate without legal formalities such as having a tax number, a guarantor and other documentation
By Aoun Sahi
Financing of car or other material goods such as computer, air conditioner, and refrigerator through formal sector like banks is a phenomenon introduced in Pakistan in the late 1990s. However, informal financing and leasing boasts a long history predating formal markets, and also has a strong presence in most of rural and urban Pakistan.
Happy lending
What it takes to get registered and function as a leasing or financing company
In Pakistan, there are different types of companies involved in the business of consumer financing. Modarabas, commercial banks and Non-Banking Finance Companies (NBFCs) are the main organisations supporting the sector, with the latter two being the major players. Leasing companies per se are primarily categorised under NBFCs and thus have specific rules and policies governing their incorporation and regulation.
logjam
Genuine complaints only
Customers have a range of complaints against the services as well as the available helplines
By Shahzada
Irfan Ahmed
"I kept on calling my bank's helpline but the number was constantly engaged. Two bandits had robbed me of my wallet that carried my credit card and I was trying to report this to the bank as early as possible," says Yawar Ali, 27, who is being pressurised by a commercial bank to clear his outstanding amount as early as possible.
Stage of recovery
As the law is silent on the recovery mechanisms, agents of banks and companies use all means fair and foul to extort outstanding money
By Bilal Tanweer
"My father passed away more than six months ago, however, the recovery officials still call us and harass us for the loans which stand against my father's name," Zain Alam, a resident of Karachi related his story to TNS.
Rail ways to borrow
Profile of a market in Lahore that has a unique way of selling myriad items on lease to Railway employees...
Pakistan Railways is one of the most conservative state corporations still using obsolete methods to run its day to day affairs. It is still paying salaries to its low-ranking staffers in cash while other departments transfer them to their staffers' bank accounts.
Leasing, as we have come to know it, is a reality people have learned to live with. It's the stuff that fulfils dreams of luxury and pushes people a notch up in the class ladder.
Interestingly, the real profit-makers may be very few but there's a huge middle class, of urban residents mostly, that is being created in the process. And these are not just 'consumers' of leasing facility but the providers of this facility as well. And God forbid, if some of us default, there are recovery agents who too are beneficiaries of this system because they make money out of this exercise.
So, in the true spirit of an aspiring capitalist economy, the consumers use credit cards and mobile phones, change models of cars, buy modern gadgetry and aspire for castles not just in the air with their whole lives on lease.
In the true spirit of capitalism, they have no time to think whether that's good or bad for them. They just do it. People who have now come to be known as consumers will do more of it in times to come, it seems.
'Gaddian' and 'Kothian' have emerged as popular objects of desire and, hence, their leasing and financing schemes the most availed services. Earlier, till the 1990s, families would commonly have one primary vehicle that all members had to car-pool in to get to their destinations and back home. Before leaving for their offices, the daddies used to frustratingly co-ordinate with their school/college going offspring, often having to make several trips. When one of them graduated and got initiated into the practical field, few feasible options existed for an independent form of transport. It was either the way of unreliable and noisy public commuting or braving the weather on a motorbike. Even purchasing a used, barely-running car was a blessing for a fresh inductee into the workforce.
Leasing companies have existed since the eighties, when they were allowed in 1985 as permissible under the Islamisation policies of Zia-ul-Haq. Yet, it has been most notably with the entry of commercial banks in consumer financing that the related schemes have become more attractive for the potential customers.
Sania, who works in a Karachi-based media related company, has recently had an 800-cc car leased under a prominent bank's car financing scheme. "It has solved a lot of my transportation hassles. My family resides in Lahore, so when I moved to Karachi for my current job, I had to rely on call-cabs or request my friends to do my pick-and-drop."
Like many young, independent working women in Karachi, Sania resides in an apartment which she shares with two other similarly employed ladies.
"Generally, people who are working on a contractual or freelance basis, especially in the media, have faced a 'no-deal' policy. It was only upon proving my permanent employee status that I qualified as a lessee."
However, Sania laments that even then the concerned officials of the bank created a lot of problems in the verification process and she barely avoided a 'case-closed' scenario.
"Most of the time, I was not at my apartment and so they used to come and not find me there. At first it was a real nut-case that came to assess my residential status, so I had to request the bank to send a more qualified and responsible person."
It is indeed quite promising that determined female professionals like Sania are persevering in carving a niche in our society and blazing the trail for aspiring girls to follow. On the other hand, people like Adnan Mehmood have utilised a house financing scheme to purchase a plot and construct a family home. Adnan, a lawyer by profession who works in the legal department of a company, has availed this particular loan as per the policies governing Islamic Banking.
"I, along with two of my brothers, am contributing to loan repayment. Certain clauses, such as prepayment are more consumer friendly under Shariah guided banking as opposed to the conventional kind," claims Adnan.
However, he concedes that although he himself doesn't have to pay interest based installments, the bank would not be able to generate its revenue on the other end without investing part of the money in interest-based projects.
The whole leasing business has been very well perceived as a major boon for the enhancement of the standard of living. However, rising interest rates or increases in unit based repayment are eventually siphoning off a large amount of a person's hard earned wages. Having to pay large installments for a period of 5-10 years is quite a burden. Hopefully, what is being considered as a new lease of life doesn't turn out for some to be a warrant for arrest and legal turmoil.
Informal finance sector is that part of economy wherein financial contracts and agreements are conducted without an official regulatory process or monitoring. This sector actually gained prominence after the arrival of the Afghan refugees in mid-1980s. They started the business of selling material goods on installments and, later, many of them entered into money-lending on high interest rate business. Most of the small and even medium size businessmen prefer to borrow money from these money lenders despite having banks offering the same facility on relatively lower interest rates. This discounts any legal formalities such as having a tax number, a guarantor, property worth debt and other documentation.
Though financing for business or agriculture is as old a phenomenon as banking itself, most of the people in Pakistan now opt for the informal sector to obtain loan because it has a reasonable share in the total economy of the country.
According to economists, the informal sector accounts for around 50 per cent of the total economy of a country. "It is growing, and the beneficiaries of this growth are the producer and the seller while the consumer and the government are on the receiving end," says economist Dr Qais Aslam.
"The consumer, in most cases, is getting substandard goods while the government is suffering because it ends up without being paid taxes worth billions of rupees."
Dr Qais affirms that the trend of providing material goods on installment-basis was started by Afghan refugees "but the informal source of financing in our society has a long history, and it still accounts for more than 50 per cent of the credit supply provided by moneylenders, shopkeepers, traders, middlemen, family and friends for consumption and production purposes."
Those trading in consumer goods on installments disagree with Dr Qais. Muhammad Asif, the owner of Alfazeel Centre in Sant Nagar, Lahore, tells TNS that he knows of many families who have put together dowries for their daughters by purchasing expensive goods on installments. He admits that most of the time the consumer is offered substandard goods, but eventually it is up to the customer if he wants to buy branded stuff or otherwise.
According to Asif, selling goods on installments is not as easy as it seems. "It involves a great deal of risk and money. Though we try our best to examine the character as well as the capacity of the buyer, the default rate, at least in our sector, is very high."
Yet, people must go for it because the profit rate involved in the business is also very high. "A product worth Rs 1000 in the market can easily be sold at Rs 1800 on installments."
Dr Qais insists that the expansion of the informal sector "should mean that the consumers are satisfied with the services being provided to them. However, the reality is quite different. In fact, thanks to different kinds of pressures from the society and also from within their own families, a lot of people have no option but to purchase goods such as TV, refrigerator, air conditioner etc, whether they can afford them or not."
According to Dr Qais, one major reason for the success of the informal sector is the fact that the transaction cost in the formal sector is very high.
He believes that informal markets are generally characterised by high interest rates and a sizeable gap between lending and deposit rates. "There is an extreme variability in the interest rate charged by lenders for similar loan transactions. Informal finance markets are generally marked by low levels of default due to social sanction, group sincerity, past history and repeat transaction."
The businessmen, on the other hand, think that the success of the informal sector is not directly proportional to the limitations of the formal markets.
"It has a comparative advantage in some market segments," says Amjad Hussain, owner of a big wholesale shop in Shahalam market.
According to him, either the informal institutions provide services that the formal institutions do not, or they have a cost advantage over their formal counterparts.
"Part of the demand for informal financing stems from the desire to operate outside the formal, documented economy in order to avoid taxes, and is sometimes linked to the underground economy," admits Amjad who himself prefers informal sector over the formal to borrow money for his business.
In old markets and with established players, around 90 per cent of dealings are carried out on suppliers' credit resting on good reputation. "A chit (parchi) is the norm for making business transactions and is not dishonored; it represents a convenient and flexible method that allows business to be conducted at an arm's length and does not require spending weeks on processes and documentation or entail tax liabilities," he continues.
Amjad says that moneylenders do not give credit to every client right away; they usually take precautionary measures before accepting a new client. "These (precautionary measures) include the practice of dealing with potential clients in other markets, an intensive inquiry about new clients, and testing them through small loans."
Their recovery patterns are also very organised. In cases of default, market associations normally mediate and decide about receivables and payables and, in extreme circumstances, dispose off assets. Social, political influence or, when all else fails, the use or the threat of the use of force is also a potent instrument for enforcing contracts or ensuring payment.
"In many markets, there are now established groups that offer their services for a fee to force recovery," says Amjad.
In the rural areas, credit is mostly supplied by 'aartis' (commission agents) and other middlemen at high interest rates through interlinked transactions to the farmers that are recovered after six months upon the ripening of crops.
Mohammad Asif adds that most of the household items are available for sale on 12 to 15 equal installments. The down payment which ranges from 20 to 40 percent of the price is collected along with the first installment. The only responsibility of the client is to provide basic information about himself, submit a few documents such as photocopies of his National Identity Card (NIC) or service card, and deposit an advance along with the first installment.
"It is our own responsibility to inquire about the credibility of the client and seek personal guarantees from people residing in the vicinity of his house. Once the antecedents are verified, we hand over the desired item to the client. This whole process is completed within three to four days."
When asked about the chances of risk and default, he says, "We have been in this business for years now, and have always kept this point in mind. The ownership of all goods is in the name of Alfazeel Centre till the time all the installments are cleared. To facilitate confiscation of goods where installments are not being paid regularly, we get an agreement signed from every client that a specific good is being rented out to him and he will be bound to return it whenever the seller wants."
Asif admits that if a client is not ready to return a specific item or pay the installment, then they employ 'other means'. "There are people or groups who charge 12 to 15 percent on the total amount of recovery," he adds.
A leasing concern is provided legal coverage under the English common law, a heritage shared by Pakistan and its eastern neighbour. Before the commencement of any commercial activity, a leasing company has to have acquired prior permission from the Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP). Leasing institutions are registered as public companies under the Companies Ordinance 1984, with just the licensing fee being Rs 0.1 million. An amendment to this act, more specifically The Leasing Companies (establishment and regulation) Rules, 2000 outlines the conditions that have to be complied with.
Once registered as an NBFC, a company with consumer financing concerns has to invest separately for leasing and housing finance. Although leasing can extend to a lot of varied products such as expensive industrial machinery, property and associated structures, in Pakistan the interest of consumers is largely in automobiles.
Pakistani law currently requires a capital of about Rs 200 million to be invested by an NBFC with regards to leasing and Rs 100 million for house financing services.
Leasing companies are required to create a reserve fund comprising of an amount that has to more than 20 per cent of its post-tax profits. Their stock dividends can also be considered as being a contribution for this purpose. For taxation, an NBFC leasing company is treated as a corporate entity and thus is required to shell out 33 per cent of its earnings.
-- Aziz Omar
The poor guy has an ideal credit history with no default at all since he obtained a credit card from the bank some two years ago. The transaction amount that the bank is demanding was not spent by him but the person who had snatched it from him, he says.
Yawar reveals that he tried to convince the relevant bank officers but they were simply asking for irrevocable evidence. "How can I produce any evidence? Had someone at the helpline picked up my phone, the issue would have been solved long ago," he adds.
Yawar's ordeal is just a case in point. There are many others like him whose complaints remain unattended. On the other hand, banks contend that it is mainly the inability of the customers to fully understand the terms of their agreements with the bank that such anomalies arise. Besides, they say, every scheduled bank dealing in consumer finance has full-fledged complaint handling departments where they listen to and resolve "only and only genuine complaints."
There have been cases where it was proved in inquiry that the "disputed transactions" had been made by family members of the complainants without bringing the fact into their knowledge, bankers claim.
Haider Zaman, a customer relations executive at a private bank, tells TNS that they have entry, middle and senior level customer service executives, supply chain managers and customer relations managers to attend customers' complaints. He denies charges of negligence against complaint handing departments saying "all the calls made by customers are recorded in our Interactive Voice Recording (IVR) system along with the date and time at which they were made."
Haider says that in case the decision on the complaint is not made within the stipulated time or the complaint is not forwarded to the relevant person, the IVR recording is produced before the highups. There have been cases where people have been terminated from service for not entertaining customers' complaints properly. On the other hand, Haider says there have been cases where people have filed complaints with the banks instead of the private companies.
"I can recall how our officers were threatened by people who could not get delivery of financed cars in times. Many of these officers had to go on leave or get transferred just to avoid public wrath. The delay was on the part of car assemblers but the bankers had to pay for it."
Complaints can be of any type, ranging from imposition of excessive service charges, application of higher interest rate than the one decided at the time of signing the contract, delay in receiving the approved product to imposition of late payment charges. Though there are people who double check the billed amounts, there are many others that lack the ability to find out discrepancies, if there are any.
"I was charged Rs 600 as late fee despite the fact that I had dropped my cheque three days prior to the due date for my credit card payment," says Adnan Ahmed.
He tells TNS that many banks discourage over-the-counter cash payments by imposing cash handling charges but on the other have no mechanism to find out whether a customer dropped a cheque in the drop box in time or not.
"If I had had the option of making the payment in cash without being charged an extra amount, I could have saved these Rs 600," he adds.
A senior banker at a foreign bank's Lahore branch says that most of the customers do not know that they have forgone their right to complaint against many bank decisions by signing the contract. "Does anybody read what's written in the agreement before signing it? Our bank's agreement clearly states that the customer will not have any objection in case the mark-up rate of a particular scheme can change anytime. But we have to face many disgruntled customers protesting against revisions in markup rates," he adds.
But this does not mean that aggrieved party does not have a forum to go if it is not satisfied by the decision of the bank handling the complaint. The institution of the Banking Mohtasib has been a pleasant development for consumers who can approach it after the lapse of three months since the filing of a complaint with the relevant bank.
All the complainant has to do is to submit a complaint form duly completed, signed and attested by an Oath Commissioner along with the letter of complaint with the Banking Mohtasib office.
"The Banking Mohtasib handles complaints relating to violation of banking laws and regulations, excessive delays and inefficiency, poor service, discriminatory actions, etc.
"The Banking Mohtasib cannot accept complaints relating to the bank policy e.g. a printed schedule of charges, loan policies etc. For instance, the Banking Mohtasib cannot order a bank to sanction a loan," says the policy statement.
A complainant not satisfied with the decision of the Banking Mohtasib has the right to appeal to the State Bank of Pakistan within 30 days from the order of the Banking Mohtasib. If the complainant does not choose to go into appeal or does not accept the decision of the State Bank of Pakistan in appeal, the complainant has the right to go to a court of law.
Bank recovery departments are known for employing notorious methods to extort outstanding loans. According to reported cases, these methods include verbal abuse, verbal harassment of family members especially females, forced entry in the workplace and houses, and in the worst reported cases, kidnapping.
"Instances of forced entry into houses and workplaces, use of threatening and foul language have been reported in the media," Banking Ombudsman Azhar Hameed told journalists on April 30 while launching the second annual report last month.
However, the bank officials deny that they mishandle their clients. Irfan Chaudhry, a bank recovery official, emphasises that clients are valuable to banks, and that banks resort to rudeness only when the former refuse to pay their dues on time.
"First thing we must know that every rupee that bank gives out is insured. So, the bank never stands to lose. And if, in the unlikely instance of a bad debt, money is recovered through insurance claims."
However, he says, what the bank wants is the profits and for that they use these methods to get their money. According to him, the report of a non-paying customer goes to the collection department of the bank.
"The representatives of the collection department make phone-calls to the customer and remind them of their overdue arrears, very politely and decently. If the customer clears his dues, there is no question of being rude. But if they stop taking calls or ignore requests, then we tell them a bit rudely," Irfan tells TNS.
"Our representatives then start visiting their homes and workplaces. And here, we use harsher language, and degrade them publicly. Many respond to this public humiliation. Those who don't, we send them a legal notice through our lawyers. Many respond to this. Only when people do not respond to this, we outsource these loans to external agents," he adds.
The matter is not so clean, however. There have been repeated reports of those who have suffered even when they have been paying their dues on time, or they have reached some other agreeable arrangement with the bank. This is because of mishandling of records or some other administrative loophole.
Waqas, who bought a small, automatic car because he is handicapped had just three more instalments to make when his car was snatched at Kalima Chowk. "Three boys with guns roughed me up and left me stranded by the roadside. I just had three more instalments to make and had even requested for the delay. After they took my vehicle, I requested again. They asked me to submit the original papers, which I did. They took the papers and then I never heard from them again. They refuse to even talk to me now. All my instalments are wasted!"
The recovery agents are private groups of individuals and they have a percentage in the recovered loan. In case of auto-recovery, the amount is fixed. According to Najam Zafar, owner of one of the recovery agencies, "Officially, the bank bears no responsibility for how we choose to recover outstanding dues. They provide us with a defaulters list and the outstanding amount against them. Our boys then visit the premises of the defaulter (workplace or home) and through whatever means -- abusive language, harassment of the family members, public humiliation, and in some instances, even man-handling -- bring them to negotiate with collection officers. For auto-recovery, we roam around the city with a list of defaulted vehicles and wherever we see the vehicle, we snatch it through force (often at gun-point)."
The recovery agents say that they act as legal representatives of the bank and everyone, including the police, knows that they are working in this capacity. In case of automobiles recovery, they report to the police-station of the area within one hour that they have recovered the car from a certain location and have returned it to bank's premises. This way, they insulate themselves from an FIR or getting involved in a criminal case. "Besides, the police officials know who is in the right. And even if there is a complaint registered against us, we can go to court and prove ourselves," adds Zafar.
The police are not entirely clear on the matter either. When asked whether criminal cases can be registered against these agencies, Hussain Habib, SP Security, Lahore, said, "It is a tricky question. We deal with this issue on a case-to-case basis. We only take note of those instances where there is excessive and unreasonable use of power. Generally speaking, we support these agencies because recovery is a legal process and they are assisting in recovery. But if they have created a lot of disturbance or used arms, we do register cases against them. However, there is no defined procedure for these agencies to function and that needs to be defined."
The legal status of these recovery agencies remains ambiguous. Joseph Wilson, an expert commercial lawyer, says, "If people are not fulfilling their end of the contract, and using the property owned by the bank without paying for it, the bank has the right to use reasonable force to recover it. Those who suffer harassment have little or no case to make in the court of law, unless, of course, they file a criminal case against these agencies for robbery or harassment."
But, recovery of rightfully owned property is not robbery, the bank officials say, and people do not register complaints against the agencies because they know they have defaulted.
According to a news report, country's top banking lawyer, Saalim Salam Ansari, Advocate, has claimed the recovery agencies without any legal status under the prevailing banking recovery laws.
Similarly, last month, the Banking Ombudsman in his report to the State Bank of Pakistan, has recommended new set of instructions to regulate these recovery agencies because of increasing number of complaints of abuse by small-borrowers. In his report, Ombudsman recounts cases "when innocent people have been accosted and maltreated and borrowers with up-to-date payment record have been needlessly harassed."
Whatever is the case, the matter throws up two questions. One, the weakness of the law-enforcement agencies and the system of law, where the only recourse left to banks is to employ these private agencies who act like thugs. The other is the marked absence of procedures for the regulation of these agencies. They need to be tamed and a civility must not be compromised in their business.
Not long ago, even the officers of the department were getting salaries in cash. On many an occasion, Railways officials have said that soon the organisation would reach the target of 100 per cent salary disbursement through banking channels but the realities on ground are otherwise. Many people believe it would take Railways years to meet the target.
However, the presence of this system has been a blessing in disguise for the low-ranking staffers, though in a novel way. The example of those employed at the Locomotive Engine Shed, Railways situated near Garhi Shahu in Lahore is worth mentioning here. Most of these employees, whose number stands in thousands, are customers of dozens of shopkeepers who have set up their businesses on the road right opposite to the workshop.
The shopkeepers offer myriad items ranging from an iron, bicycle or washing machine to a motorcycle on instalments to these Railways employees. As most of these prospective buyers are illiterate and unable to meet the requirements of banks or leasing companies, these shops are the only hope they have.
Zahid Husain, a salesman at one of these outlets tells TNS, "We sell goods to these employees on installments without even taking any collateral, security or personal guarantee from them. Neither do we need any as our money is safe and no one can hold back the installment that is due."
Explaining the system in place, he says that the shopkeepers have worked out an arrangement with the accounts clerks. These clerks allow shopkeepers' agents to stand right next to the recipients of the salary at the start of every month. The outstanding installment amount against each and every employee, if any, is settled there and then even before the recipient gets the feel of the cash in his hand, he says. If the salaries were transferred to bank accounts, this would not be possible.
A Railways official in the accounts department tells TNS that even though this system of recovery had been in place for long, they are strongly discouraging it now. "Serious efforts are underway to end salary disbursement in cash since the salary amount to the tune of Rs 13 million was looted from accounts office last year by a head constable," he adds.
-Shahzada Irfan Ahmed
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Facts about Israel sometimes lost in Middle East commentary.
Peter Wertheim. Joint co-Chief Executive. ECAJ. 30/04/2019 1 Comment 485 Views
Greg Barns’s diatribe against Israel and his apologia for dumped ALP candidate Melissa Parke (Talking Point, April 22) are sadly typical of the way the facts can get lost when it comes to much commentary about the Middle East.
Barns accuses Israel of foreign interference in Australia’s domestic politics and asserts the ALP has been “captured by the Israel lobby”. The claim would be laughable if it were not so insidious.
As recently as December, the ALP National Conference passed a resolution, supported by Labor foreign affairs spokeswoman Penny Wong, calling on the next Labor government, as “an important priority”, to recognise “Palestine” as a state.
Penny Wong also announced that an ALP government will reverse, not merely review, the present government’s recognition of west Jerusalem as Israel’s capital, and spend an extra $20 million of Australian taxpayers’ dollars to support the Palestinians through UNRWA (United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine refugees in the near east), which has been accused of allowing aid money to be diverted for terrorism.
The ALP leadership was fully aware aspects of these announcements would be criticised by most Jewish organisations in Australia. But the ALP made them regardless, making a nonsense of Barns’s claims about the Israel lobby having captured the ALP.
So what is really behind these false claims?
My organisation consists of elected representatives of Jewish communities across Australia, with some 200 organisations under its umbrella. Like other organisations representing the many ethnic and religious communities, we seek to articulate the interests and mainstream views of our community on policy including education, welfare, aged care and security.
We also speak up to defend Israel whenever it is smeared because, as a recent survey showed, 88 per cent of Australian Jews say they feel a sense of responsibility to ensure the State of Israel continues to exist. Many of us have family there. This is no different to, say, the Australian Greek community speaking up about the Cyprus issue.
Yet whenever our organisation responds to false or misleading comments about Israel, we receive harassing messages warning us to stop “interfering in domestic politics”. Whether from people describing themselves as white supremacists or defenders of Palestinian human rights, the intent, and often the words, are the same. They want to intimidate us into silence. It’s despicable to suggest Jewish Australians don’t have the same rights as other citizens to participate in the political process and support or criticise foreign policy statements of our political parties and politicians. The alternative would be political censorship.
Barns criticises the Israeli ambassador for defending his country from being unfairly maligned. The ambassador of any country would surely do the same.
credit: Getty imagws.
Emulating Parke, Barns smears and delegitimises Israel by falsely comparing it to apartheid South Africa, citing several discredited anti-Israel writers. He omits to mention that Israel just had an election in which all of its citizens, Jews, Arabs and others, had the right to vote. Ten Arab candidates were elected as members of Israel’s Parliament, the Knesset.
Some 20 per cent of Israel’s population identify as Arabs. They are fully fledged citizens of Israel with equal voting, civil and religious rights, as enshrined in Israel’s Basic Law and Declaration of Independence. The recent Nation State law has not changed that. Arabs serve in the upper echelons of the military, police, courts (including the Supreme Court) and Parliament. There have been Israeli Arab members of the Knesset since the first Israeli elections in 1949.
The Supreme Court has an Arab judge, the head of surgery in a leading hospital is Arab and Arabs head university departments. Jewish and Arab doctors and nurses work together, giving care equally to Jewish and Arab patients — unthinkable under apartheid. Israel’s Jews and Arabs use the same public transport, eat in the same restaurants, share the same beaches, theatres and cinemas, shop at the same malls, attend the same public schools and universities and work side by side in many occupations.
Immense resources have been invested to address remaining areas of inequality and discrimination. Discrimination exists everywhere, including in Australia, but discrimination is not apartheid.
Melissa Parke has been at odds with her party’s policies on immigration and asylum seekers and her support of a boycott of Israel. She does not advocate a boycott of Iran, China, Cuba or any other country, just Israel, the only liberal democracy in the Middle East. The ALP has condemned any boycott of Israel. Even the Greens have rejected it as a policy.
Parke claims to support Israel’s right to exist side by side with a Palestinian state, but simultaneously calls for a “right of return” to Israel of 5 million so-called Palestinian refugees, 99 per cent of whom are not refugees and have never fled from anywhere. This is an openly declared aim of the campaign to boycott Israel, to which Melissa Parke has lent her support. It is tantamount to a call for Israel’s destruction, not its right to exist.
As UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said, modern antisemitism often expresses itself “in attempts to delegitimise the right of Israel to exist, including calls for its destruction”.
Peter Wertheim AM is co-chief executive of the Executive Council of Australian Jewry.
Tags Australian taxpayers’ dollars to support the Palestinians through UNRWA Greg Barns’s diatribe against Israel Jewish communities across Australia State of Israel
Previous From Israel: Realities, Painful and Otherwise.
Next From Israel: Bull’s-eye!
ECAJ complaint to ABC: Radio National interview of Orly Noy and Sara Saleh.
This was an interview that touched on the status and circumstances of Mizrahi (‘eastern’) Jews …
Otto Waldmann
This bloke’s, Barns’, beef with the Jews is not laughable at all, not just because he is a clown who fails to entertain as such, but simply because vile stupidity, irritates and disturbs an otherwise fair Australian society.
One principle/fact must be stated unequivocally and that is that it is perfectly ethical, legal and even expected that any Australian citizen of any ethnic/religious profile may support a foreign entity if that is recognised as being legal. A mirriad of international organisations with HQ in all sorts of places are active in Australia. To be Jewish it implies that all matters pertaining to the specific Jewish identity are Constitutionally permitted to be observed, supported etc.
Zionism -and I will not explain what it means – is perfectly consistent within the fabric of political Australia.
Jewish lobbies of any intensity in any place are allowed and expected to function with their full agendas pressed upon the institutions they are active within without anybody having to make excuses for their existence and comprehensive activities.
It Barny the clown does not get it he should get something I will not print here, but easy to gather by the smart ones…………
Peter, mate you are, as usual, bloody perfect, but, as an old friend I thought you’d enjoy me point of view…………..
Love to hear your opinion, however given name & surname are required. Email addresses are not published. Cancel reply
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by Koretzky Aug 18, 201210:04 am Aug 2, 2017
THE RED AND BLACKOUT: What SPJ told me not to say
I’ll start at the end
The students at The Red and Black are more mature than the adults.
That’s my conclusion after speaking with Katherine Tippins, the former student media coordinator at Macon State College.
Tippins drove to Athens today at my request and investigated what has become a national story: The walkout of the senior staff at the University of Georgia’s independent student newspaper.
As SPJ’s national representative for the region encompassing the University of Georgia, I wanted to hear firsthand about The Red and Black – from a journalist who doesn’t work at The Red and Black. (Although Tippins once did. See my previous post.)
I also listened to more than an hour of interviews with students, alumni, and a j-school professor that Tippins recorded before a raucous “open house” at The Red and Black, where there was yelling and physical violence – but not by The Red and Black students.
I’ll move to the middle: Old men behaving badly
Tippins was at that meeting, which was difficult for her to describe because it was actually two meetings in one…
Red and Black Publisher Harry Montevideo originally advertised an “open house” for new writers, who silently filled out applications in one room while Red and Black alumni and former editors gathered in another to hear an official statement from a board member who insisted, “no questions” – and then had to answer many questions.
By the end of the afternoon, there were still questions.
Former news editor Adina Solomon told Tippins, “It’s good that the board is showing signs of compromise, but I don’t think our three goals are met yet.”
Tippins asked what those three goals were…
“Ed Stamper off the board,” Solomon said. Stamper is widely known to have written the memo that forced the walkout. It dictates what students can cover, and how they’ll answer to professional staff. (That’s “prior review,” an offensive concept to both SPJ and the College Media Association, whose code of ethics prohibit it.) Stamper’s most famous line in that memo was under the heading, “a balance of good and bad” – BAD: Content that catches people or organizations doing bad things. I guess this is “journalism.” At the meeting, Stamper announced his resignation.
“More student input,” which means adding students to the board of directors. Apparently, the board’s bylaws require that, but no one recalls it ever happening. I say “apparently” because no recent staffer has seen the bylaws. The board is supposed to provide a copy to the students, which hasn’t happened as of this writing. That led Solomon to conclude, “I don’t feel like that’s been completely done yet.”
“No prior review,” Solomon insists, “but they deflected any questions we asked about that.”
The Red and Black management seems to embrace deflection, and nothing illustrates that better than Montevideo’s physical confrontation with a reporter from the University of Georgia’s j-school news station. Called Grady Newsource, it sent a broadcast reporter to cover the meeting.
Montevideo had no problem talking to Grady Newsource earlier in the week, when he granted a lengthy interview – in which he said it was “disappointing that the students didn’t seem to have a willingness to work through what I think are fairly minor changes in our operations, and only intended to make the paper better.”
In a statement after today’s meeting, Montevideo explained his confrontation with the Newsource reporter Joshua Buce…
After repeated verbal requests for him to turn off his camera and make some progress to the stairs, I began to escort him toward the doorway. As a result of either my assistance or his resistance, we both fell to the floor. When I regained my balance I stood up, backed away and he exited the building, but only after a good deal of verbal assault toward myself.
I asked Tippins about Montevideo’s explanation that he was merely assisting the reporter…
It didn’t seem that way to me. Regrettably, I didn’t see the very beginning of it, but it appeared that Harry only had one knee on the ground, but the other guy was on all fours. You can see from the photos who was being the aggressor.
Tippins described the incident as “full-blown hostile.”
She says witnesses remarked, “How could the publisher of a newspaper do this to a reporter in a building that’s all about reporting?”
My opinion: When our own reporters barge in to cover a story, even if they cross a line, we protest any physical attacks against them. Indeed, how would The Red and Black respond if one of its reporters zealously – even overzealously – tried to cover a meeting, and campus police grabbed him by the neck and brought him to the ground?
In the beginning: Pros vs. students
As often happens, one story begets another. When the staff walked out of The Red and Black, they started looking into it.
While The Red and Black board meetings are closed even to the staff, the students dug up the company’s tax forms and posted them on their website, Redanddead.com.
Among the shocking revelations contained therein: Montevideo was paid just shy of $190,000 last year. Since the nonprofit company spent just over $1 million that same year, Montevideo took home nearly 20 percent of its budget.
Compare Montevideo’s salary to that of Patricia Carey, his counterpart at The Independent Florida Alligator, the student newspaper at the University of Florida that’s bigger than The Red and Black.
According to The Alligator’s Form 990, Carey earned just over $69,000 last year – on a budget of just over $1.2 million.
So what does The Red and Black get for Montevideo’s massive salary?
Tippins’ interviews reveals the answer: more micromanagement.
Sports editor Nicholas Fouriezos told Tippins an example from earlier this summer…
“We’re supposed to put keywords on some of the stories, but I guess we missed some,” Fouriezos recalled.
Not long after, the students received a memo from Ed Morales, the former editorial adviser who was elevated this week – many say against his will – to editorial director, meaning he’s the boss. (Morales seemed relieved to be demoted back to adviser at today’s big meeting.)
What did the Morales memo say? “He wrote if we didn’t include keywords all the time, paychecks would be withheld.”
I don’t know any company that threatens to not pay you for making mistakes. I don’t even think that’s legal. But of course, I’m not a lawyer. So I asked one.
“Once somebody has done their work, they’re entitled to be paid for it. A corporation can’t withhold someone’s paycheck as punishment,” says Frank LoMonte, for nearly five years the executive director of the Student Press Law Center just outside Washington, D.C.
LoMonte calls the entire management of The Red and Black, “misguided and out of touch.”
Here’s another example of that from summer news editor A.J. Archer…
There was one production night where I was sitting there, looking at the front page of the paper. We have one section that’s called the Rundown, which is just small briefs. And there was one brief about some fraternity members doing something bad, and I remember the editorial adviser [Morales] coming over and telling me, Do not put anything about Chi Phi on the front of the paper. It also happens that [board member] Ed Stamper’s son is a Chi Phi, and he and all his Chi Phi friends have been coming up here, doing focus groups for the paper and giving their input into how it should be changed.
In fact, Montevideo has cited those focus groups as a reason for the micromanagement.
“All the story ideas that we are passing on to our student staff come from our readers,” he told Grady Newsource this week. “We’ve done focus groups with students.”
Problem is, the staff isn’t allowed to attend them.
“If I could see those focus groups personally, that’d be great,” Archer lamented. “But we haven’t been allowed to do that.”
When Tippins asked Archer how he knows what the focus groups have said, the answer was, “The board tells us.”
Tippins and I both marveled at the patience and maturity of these students, who seemingly endured a lot pressure before finally walking off the job.
“I don’t want to be about.com, which is what I feel like when I’m there,” variety editor Tiffany Stevens told Tippins. When Tippins asked who pushed her to do stories she didn’t want to, she replied…
Ed Morales was the one who told me a lot of these stories were what the board wanted – a lot more Top 10s, a lot more events that aren’t pertinent to students. Like a festival outside of town, but someone who contributes money to The Red and Black wanted that story done.
That wasn’t even the worst part, the students told Tippins. This was: “That’s not the Ed Morales who’s been advising us. That’s not who he is.”
Added multimedia editor Lindsey Cook, “We respect Ed Morales, and we respected his opinion – and sought his opinion. We don’t think these decisions are his.”
So the students hung on.
“As long as they’re just telling us to change stuff that’s helpful to reach our audience, that’s fine,” Fouriezos said. “If they aren’t changing the content, then I’m willing to work with it – as long as we weren’t crossing that line.”
When the line was crossed, they walked.
The SPLC’s LoMonte, who has been consulting with the students, is also impressed.
“You’d be hard-pressed to find a more effective response,” he says. “They enlisted allies, they went right back to work gathering news, and they kept everyone updated in real time. They handled this brilliantly.”
LoMonte adds, “In hindsight you can second-guess if walking out was the right thing, but it’s certainly understandable – and it forced a decision that might have otherwise dragged on for months.”
In fact, LoMonte has never seen anything move so fast.
“This is certainly the greatest and most intense public outcry in response to censorship we’ve ever seen, and it’s all attributed to social media,” he says. “The kind of groundswell these students achieved would’ve usually taken six weeks – and it took 12 hours to get 2,000 followers.”
There’s something else novel about this situation.
“It’s not the classic censorship situation, because there isn’t a government agency using its power to conceal bad news,” LoMonte says. “It’s purely a matter of people who had good intentions at one time, but have since lost touch with reality.”
So what’s the reality tonight?
Where things stand – and where they could go
Cook, the multimedia editor, emailed me this evening…
“We still have some concerns which will be voiced to the board, but have confidence they can be resolved. We are very pleased that all three of our main demands were met.”
One of my concerns: The Red and Black board insists the students who walked out must reapply for their jobs.
Tonight’s official Red and Dead statement says, “Former Editor in Chief Polina Marinova and former Managing Editor Julia Carpenter will reapply for their positions.”
Perhaps I’m more cynical than the Red and Dead team, but I wonder if the current board will really reappoint the students who have destroyed them on social media.
Meanwhile, those students continue to cover campus news, as well as their own, from Redanddead.com.
While I was raised on the mantra, “There are two sides to every story,” I’m definitely taking sides here. I told Cook: If The Red and Black doesn’t honor its commitments, and if the students decide to keep and grow their own publication, I’ll help.
SPJ South Florida, the largest pro chapter in this region, has already passed a resolution supporting the students. And some board members have declared they’re willing to assist, should they be asked.
And we’re not the only ones.
University of Georgia journalism professor Barry Hollander, who has enthusiastically backed the students from his personal blog, says if they go it alone, he’ll go with them – he’ll no longer suggest his students head to The Red and Black to acquire journalism experience.
“Personally, I’ll send them to the alternative,” he says. “I’m a big believer in don’t get mad, get even. I’ll be more than helpful.”
Tagged with: SPJ
Red & Black & Blue on Aug 18, 2012 at 2:31 pm
What a disaster — an independent newspaper abuses its editorial staff until it walks out, refuses to comment, and expels a reporter covering the controversy. Then a board director with SPJ reports on the antics, but the board president wants that information all for himself. (So he can seize the spotlight?) Meanwhile, the director’s report is criticized for not being even longer with even more reporting — instead of considering the enlightening perspective it already provides for the majority of readers who don’t care for any more. Aren’t journalists supposed to consider their audience and know when to STOP reporting? Not a shining moment for our profession.
Brandon Ballenger on Aug 18, 2012 at 2:35 pm
Thank God for Google — despite the attempt at censorship, the four comments on the original post were cached. They’re here: http://ow.ly/d45eD
And here’s mine…
I share your cynicism. This is a bigger issue than the memo, which might be attributed to just one person. (I remain dubious.)
I’m happy for the students’ victory, for which they deserve great credit. But it’s only a partial one. Many serious issues remain, not least the inattention (or ineptitude?) of this board…
1. The students haven’t been given a copy of the bylaws which govern them? And the board itself, which presumably has a copy, isn’t following them?
2. The students don’t have direct board representation? Nobody on the board has a problem with that? They should. Does this board have no professional journalists on it? (I understand the j-school’s head, a former reporter, is on the board.)
3. Threatening to withhold pay over keywords is absurd, if not illegal. If someone’s pay needs to be withheld, here, it should be obvious whose — the guy drawing nearly a fifth of the budget for this shameful mismanagement.
4. Students should not be told what not to put in the paper. (Nor what must be put in it.) They should be advised of the potential consequences of their decision, made aware of relevant law, and left to their own devices. The core mission of a student newspaper, especially an explicitly nonprofit one, is not to sell more ads or avoid offending. It’s to provide a public service by students, for students first and the community at large second. It also serves as a proving ground for tomorrow’s professional journalists. (This board is certainly contributing to the latter part, in the worst way.)
5. I’m not sure how you hold an “open house” where media are barred, or how effectively you can recruit when the publisher is busy grabbing them by the neck and shoving them out the door.
6. And someone who cannot avoid physical confrontation, no matter what “verbal assault” (a far cry from physical battery) he must endure, has no place in the decision-making process. I urge the board to immediately consider removing Montevideo, if he will not resign in shame.
Rest assured, staff of The Red and Black, that you have substantial support inside and outside your community, even if you unfortunately can’t count your own board of directors among it. Don’t be afraid to lean on that support, and please continue to flag any questionable behavior, to protect both the paper and yourselves.
btballenger on Aug 18, 2012 at 2:36 pm
And I later commented on the original a second time…
My concern grows with every word the board voices. I guess I can infer that board vice-chair Melita Easters will not be supporting an effort to remove Montevideo, since she has now on the record insinuated that the student faked the physical confrontation — despite admitting she had not seen it. (Presumably, she has not watched the video, either.)
From the Student Press Law Center’s coverage of this debacle:
“Easters said she did not see the incident but backed Montevideo’s explanation and suggested that Buce could have fallen intentionally.
‘I think that might have been the purpose of creating the photo opportunity in the first place,’ she said.”
The link: http://www.splc.org/news/newsflash.asp?id=2432
And because we’re operating in some kind of freakish censorship time loop, I should add that Montevideo has since my original comments issued an apology, for what it’s worth:
http://gradynewsource.uga.edu/blog/2012/08/18/letter-to-student-from-red-and-black-publisher/
OK, I’m done.
betterdeadthanred on Aug 19, 2012 at 12:50 am
I have also heard from a separate source (whose anonymity I will preserve) the Stamper-Chi Phi connection, and that fraternity’s prominent role in the summer focus groups. This is a board of directors run amok. Please note that the Red & Black’s own website advertised the Friday 8/17 meeting as an “open discussion… Everyone is welcome.” Apparently not, on both counts. Please keep digging into this story.
gabrieltyner on Aug 19, 2012 at 12:10 pm
It seems to me that the R & B might have been a reputable student newspaper. Now it’s apparent that they are not so concerned about reporting the news as much as they are concerned with getting a large paycheck. I am so proud that the editors walked out when they felt their voices were being compromised by special interest groups. This story will inspire people to stand against oppression in journalism and do what’s right regardless if you are going to get paid. So many people are affraid to do anything that might compromise their jobs and corporations/professionals know that. They use the recession to manipulate employees and even threaten their well being despite an obvious prosperity that the company is experiencing. Thank you Mr. Koretzky for staying on top of this un-folding drama. The story continues and the Society of Professional Journalists of South Florida will continue their support for any journalist who has been compromised.
http://tinyurl.com/primgeary49609 on Feb 3, 2013 at 6:17 am
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Angela on Mar 2, 2013 at 9:14 am
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Samuel Jonathan Johnson
You/My Music (reissue) (12")
Cat: 10798 P. Rel: 16 May 18
You (5:52)
My Music (5:42)
Review: Another gem from the archives of Des Moines' favourite son: Samuel Jonathan Johnson - gets a much needed official reissue here. Johnson came from a family of musicians who were originally based in the Midwest. When he was six years old, the family moved to New York City, where he played for several churches and quickly gained notoriety as one of the city's finest musicians. His LP My Music was released in Europe to modest acclaim, but never received recognition back home. Disappointed in the outcome, he went into early retirement as a recording artist and began to work with local bands in the New York area. The 12" mix featured here of "You" combines the original funk riffs, captivating string arrangements and uplifting piano with a squelchy lead synth - which elevates the track to a whole new level. The aforementioned "My Music" on the B side is now a favourite with the diggers - spiritual soul from the one and only Samuel Jonathan Johnson.
you/my music (reissue)
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From Qana to Gaza, Israel issues denials and smears investigations of its crimes
On March 6, 2019 March 5, 2019 By kamelhawwashIn anti Semitism, Coloumns, Donald Trump, Gaza, Hamas, Israel, Israeli elections, middle east monitor, Netanyahu, Peace process, Security Council, UN, United States, War crimes, Zionism
First published by the Middle East Monitor on 5/3/2019
I wrote recently about an EU report on the growth of illegal Israeli settlements and argued that the EU was diligent in documenting Israel’s-breaches of international law but that it has singularly failed to bring it to account, even when it has demolished EU-funded projects.
A more recent report commissioned by the UN Human Rights Council (UNHRC) investigated the actions of the Israel Defence Forces (IDF) at the nominal border with Gaza since 30 March last year, which marked the beginning of the Great March of Return protests. For almost 50 weeks, Israeli snipers have gunned down, with deliberate, chilling precision, Palestinian men, women and children.
The “Report of the independent international commission of inquiry on the protests in the Occupied Palestinian Territory – A/HRC/40/74” acknowledges that the peaceful protests “were civilian in nature, with clearly stated political aims.” The protesters asked to be allowed to return to the homes from which they have been expelled from 1948 onwards, and for a lifting of the siege on Gaza. Instead of meeting their peaceful and legitimate demands from the outset, Israel has killed over 200 Palestinians, including journalists and medics, and maimed dozens of young men, who now have to face life as amputees, rather than sportsmen.
The irony here is that Israel complained about Malaysia’s decision to ban the Israeli Paralympics team from competing in the country, while the IDF was making its own sickening contribution to future Palestinian Paralympics teams.
The UNHRC’s report makes for gruesome reading. Israeli soldiers are accused of “intentionally firing on civilians, who were neither directly participating in hostilities, nor posing an imminent threat.” The report warns that, “These serious human rights and humanitarian law violations may constitute war crimes or crimes against humanity.”
Israel’s reaction was predictable and follows a long line of denial and smearing of any report which accuses it of wrongdoing. According to a Foreign Ministry spokesman, “This report was born in sin, in a politically biased, one-sided resolution that determined the outcome before the investigation even started.” He went on to lay the blame on Hamas: “[Hamas] has declared war on Israel and calls to kill Jews. Hamas is orchestrating the attacks and using civilians in Gaza as human weapons to assault Israel and Israeli civilians. Hamas exploits the civilians in Gaza as human shields for terrorists.” As usual when such allegations are made, no evidence is produced to back them up, nor is the legitimate right to resist military occupation ever mentioned.
The spokesman went on to smear the UNHRC and the report’s three authors: “The HRC becomes an accomplice of a terrorist organisation, supporting Hamas’s aggression against Israel and the oppression of the people of Gaza.” The three individuals, he alleged, lack any understanding in security matters, without a relevant professional background.
Israel’s apologists came out in force to condemn the report, including US President Donald Trump’s Special Envoy Jason Greenblatt. “This COI report is another manifestation of the UNHRC’s clear bias against Israel,” he tweeted, “which remains the only country that the Council dedicates an entire standing agenda item to targeting.”
Such condemnation of investigations into Israel’s crimes and smearing of investigation teams and the bodies that form them is not new. The UNHRC set up an investigation into Israel’s 2014 military offensive against the Gaza Strip which lasted for 50 days, resulting in over 2,000 Palestinians being killed and causing extensive destruction.
The Report of the Independent Commission of Inquiry on the 2014 Gaza Conflict – A/HRC/29/52accused both Hamas and Israel of committing war crimes. “Israel does not commit war crimes,” claimed Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu as he rejected the report. “Israel defends itself against a terrorist organisation that calls for its destruction and carries out many war crimes.” He accused the commission of being “notoriously biased” against Israel.
Following an escalation of violence in November 2012, a UN report criticised armed Palestinian groups and the IDF. The latter, it insisted, “did not consistently uphold the basic principles of conduct of hostilities, namely, the principles of distinction, proportionality and precautions.” The report documented a number of cases, including one which took place on 18 November, in which an Israeli air strike targeted without prior warning a three-storey house belonging to the Al-Dalou family in Al-Nasser neighbourhood, in central Gaza City. The strike killed 12 people, including five children and four women. Again, Israel brushed aside criticism and no individual Israeli was held accountable.
Following the 2008/9 Israeli military offensive on Gaza, the UN published the Goldstone Report on the devastating events which took place between 27 December 2008 and 17 January 2009 and which resulted in over 1,300 Palestinians being killed. The report accused both Israel and Palestinian armed groups of war crimes and crimes against humanity.
Israel’s reaction was predictable. The Foreign Ministry said that, “Israel rejects the one-sided resolution adopted in Geneva by the UN human rights council and calls upon all responsible states to reject it as well… [The resolution] provides encouragement for terrorist organisations worldwide and undermines global peace.” It also accused the UNHRC of anti-Israel bias.
Israel’s siege and attack on the Jenin refugee camp in April 2002, which lasted for 10 days and killed dozens if not hundreds of Palestinians (the figures are disputed) again brought accusations of war crimes against Israel. The Israeli government refused to allow a UN team to carry out a field investigation, resulting in the UN producing a report based on available evidence. “In sum, the Israeli occupying forces have, without a doubt, committed serious violations of international humanitarian law,” the report concluded. “Also, without a doubt, war crimes, including grave breaches of the Fourth Geneva Convention, have been committed by Israel, the occupying Power, in several Palestinian cities, including in the Jenin refugee camp.” However, the report disputed the Palestinian claim of a massacre, a decision which was welcomed by the Israeli government. Furthermore, the report was judged as “seriously flawed” by human rights organisations and Britain’s Independent newspaper, which were able to corroborate many of the allegations against the occupation state. No Israeli has ever been held accountable for any violations.
It is possible to go back further in time to another Israeli atrocity to demonstrate the lack of accountability for crimes committed by the IDF. On 18 April 1996, Israeli forces shelled a UN compound in Qana, in Southern Lebanon, where 800 Lebanese civilians had taken refuge; 106 people were killed in the attack. Israel claimed that this was due to technical issues rather than deliberate targeting of a UN facility. However, the subsequent UN investigation concluded, “While the possibility cannot be ruled out completely, it is unlikely that the shelling of the United Nations compound was the result of gross technical and/or procedural errors.” The UN also found that “Contrary to repeated denials, two Israeli helicopters and a remotely piloted vehicle were present in the Qana area at the time of the shelling.” Amnesty International called for an independent investigation arguing, “It is not enough that the Israeli army investigates themselves. Israel has a history of either not investigating civilian deaths, or conducting similarly flawed inquiries.”
Now here we are, 23 years on and the UN’s most recent report again calls on Israel to investigate its own crimes, even though everyone knows that Israel never finds its own people guilty; always dismisses reports carried out by independent investigators as biased and one-sided; denies entry to the investigation teams; and refuses to cooperate. It claims to apply the highest standards of self-regulation but no one has ever been held fully accountable for any crimes, despite the thousands of deaths, the tens of thousands of injuries and the tens of thousands of homes that have been destroyed by Israelis since Qana, never mind the other massacres which have occurred since 1948.
It is time for Israel to be held to account for its actions, for the sake of those who have suffered at its hands. If international law is to have any credibility at all, we need to ensure that all UN member states pay due respect to human rights and the quest for justice through due legal process.
accountabilitydenialGazaGreat Return MarchInvestigative reportIsraelQanasmearsUNHRC
من قانا حتى غزة.. “إسرائيل” تنكر وتزيف الحقائق حول التحقيقات في جرائمها
إغلاق القنصلية الأمريكية العامة في القدس ضربة أخرى للفلسطينيين
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Hot-dip galvanizing plant opening in Semmes
Posted by Ron Sivak | Nov 8, 2017 | The Real Deal, by Ron Sivak | 0 |
Construction is underway for a new hot-dip galvanizing facility in the Semmes area. Quality Galvanizing LLC, a subsidiary of Threaded Fasteners Inc., will own and operate the facility.
The building will be located at 2650-C Schillinger Road, N. The site will encompass some 12,000 square feet in total, with 10,000 square feet dedicated to the galvanizing line and small office area and 2,000 square feet for storage. The facility will feature a new galvanizing line for TFI, with a kettle capable of holding 44 tons of molten zinc and a gross capacity of 6,000 pounds per hour.
The new company plans to hire six to eight galvanizing technicians early next year. Those interested in applying for a position may send a resume and cover letter to: Human Resources, Quality Galvanizing LLC, 3200 Crichton St., Mobile 36607.
Quality Galvanizing is a member of the American Galvanizers Association, a trade group that promotes safety and best practices in the galvanizing industry and also provides technical support and educational materials about galvanizing. To learn more about the hot-dip galvanizing process, visit the American Galvanizers Association website.
• Old Majestic Brewery will occupy a 10,000-square-foot former 1920s brick cotton warehouse building at 650 St. Louis St. in downtown Mobile. Relocating from Greenville, Mississippi, the top of the brewery’s roof will encompass a glass skylight and several 10-foot-wide by 13-foot-high windows will front the property. The warehouse is being dismantled, restored and historically reassembled in LoDa’s “Automobile Alley” Historic District.
The brewpub will be adjacent to the Cheese Cottage, which is to open soon in a restored 1930s Pure Oil Service Station located at 660 St. Louis St., and directly across from Olde Mobile Antiques, located in the former Nash Automobile Dealership in the 600 block of St. Louis Street, according to Bob Isakson, president of Lafayette Land Company.
Heather Huffman with NAI Mobile represented the owners of the Old Majestic Brewery. J. Antone Green with Bellator Real Estate and Development worked for the landlords.
• Providence Medical Group, the physician network of Providence Hospital, is expanding to the Eastern Shore with a new office in Fairhope and a new name. The practice, located at 411 N. Section St., Suite B, opened Nov. 1 as Ascension Medical Group Providence at Fairhope, according to a news release.
Julia Ellison, D.O., will practice family medicine at the Fairhope office. She earned her doctor of osteopathy degree from the West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine and completed a residency in family medicine at the University of South Alabama.
• Sola Salons is leasing 4,468 square feet of retail space in Eastern Shore Plaza, 10200 Eastern Shore Blvd. in Spanish Fort, and plans to open next spring. Angie McArthur with Stirling Properties represented the landlord. John Vallas with Vallas Realty worked for the tenant.
• Per Sharon Wright with White-Spunner Realty, an acre lot at the corner of Edwards Avenue and Greeno Road in Fairhope was acquired by Century Bank for $375,000. Plans are in place to build a new branch office on the site by 2018. Jeremy Freedman of Bellator Real Estate and Development represented Century Bank. Wright worked for the seller.
• Bay Area Clinical Associates LLC is leasing 2,400 square feet of office space at 3925 Springhill Ave. in Mobile. The company is relocating from its current space and plans to open in early 2018. Jill Meeks, leasing executive with Stirling Properties, represented the tenant. Pratt Thomas with Merrill P. Thomas Co. worked for the landlord.
• According to Amber Dedeaux with Vallas Realty, the Injury Treatment Center property at 3101 Springhill Ave. in Mobile, formerly under lease by center owner Dr. Scott Walker, was recently acquired for $245,000 by Walker.
• A 17,000-square-foot former bowling alley site located at 204 E. Michigan Ave. in Foley on 1.5 acres was picked up for $475,000 by a South Florida speculator. Stacy Ryals, managing broker with Hosteeva Realty in Gulf Shores, worked for the buyers.
Mobile unemployment declines to U.S. average
The city of Mobile’s unemployment rate declined to 4.2 percent as of September 2017, according to a report from the Alabama Department of Labor, matching the national average.
The numbers reflect a decrease from an August 2017 rate of 5.4 percent and a significant decline from a September 2016 rate of 7.4 percent. Estimates were prepared by the Alabama Labor Department in cooperation with the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, based on 2016 benchmarks.
“Existing businesses continue to expand, offering more job opportunities to our citizens,” Mayor Sandy Stimpson said in a statement. “The interest level in Mobile from prospective employers and investors has never been higher, and we will continue to build on this momentum until the unemployment rate is zero.”
Approximately 3,000 more people are working in the city of Mobile now than in September 2016, according to the study. Over the past year, Mobile has announced several new workforce opportunities including the Wal-Mart Distribution Center, the Amazon Sortation Center, the expansion of Airbus and Airbus suppliers, and most recently the relocation of SSAB’s headquarters from Chicago to Mobile.
Stuart joins Sam Winter & Co.
Mobile-based real estate sales and marketing firm Sam Winter & Co. recently announced the addition of agent Bry Stuart to the locally owned firm.
A Mobile native, Stuart attended the University of South Alabama, where he obtained a bachelor’s degree in communications. He worked at Ion South Pharmacy as a nuclear pharmacy technician prior to obtaining his real estate license in 2016.
“We are excited to have Bry join our team. His sphere of influence among family, friends and business associates brings value to our company and its clients. Mobile is a relationship town and contacts such as his are very helpful in matching buyers and sellers, as well as providing resources for the real estate transaction itself. We are looking forward to having him work with us,” owner/broker Sam Winter said.
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