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Aahana Kumra News
Aahana Kumra: I don't have to beg for work anymore
Aahana Kumra did theatre for more than a decade before venturing into TV series, films and digital platforms. She currently features in Yours Truly on ZEE5 alongside Soni Razdan.
The Accidental Prime Minister: Who plays who in the film on Manmohan Singh
The Accidental Prime Minister starring Anupam Kher as former Prime Minister Manmohan Singh is all set for a smooth release on January 11. Here is a look at who is playing who in the political drama.
The Accidental Prime Minister actor Aahana Kumra: Cinema should be democratic
The trailer of the film The Accidental Prime Minister irked many Congress leaders who called it a "propaganda", but Aahana Kumra, says the film is not taking any sides.
Aahana Kumra: Post #MeToo, people in Bollywood are scared while speaking to women
At the launch of her new web series Rangbaaz, Aahana Kumra spoke about what has changed post the #MeToo movement in Bollywood.
No is a very powerful word: Aahana Kumra
Aahana Kumra on being an outsider in Bollywood, her love for theatre, experimenting in the web space and the #MeToo movement
Tanushree Dutta's revelations will give women the courage to say 'No': Aahana Kumra
Just like many other celebrities, Aahana Kumra has also expressed her views on the Tanushree Dutta-Nana Patekar incident. She is of the opinion that Tanushree's courage will give strength to many other women to stand up against the wrong.
Meet The Accidental Prime Minister's Rahul and Priyanka Gandhi
The Accidental Prime Minister: Anupam Kher shared a photo on Twitter where he is seen as the former PM Manmohan Singh in conversation with Aahana Kumra who plays Priyanka Gandhi. Also seen in the frame is Arjun Mathur who essays the role of Congress chief Rahul Gandhi.
It Happened In Hong Kong review: This Amol Parashar and Aahana Kumra web series is ideal for those short breaks at work
It Happened In Hong Kong review: Starring Amol Parashar and Aahana Kumra, this show leaves the viewer with a smile. The show does not take itself too seriously, and sometimes that's what we need.
Aahana Kumra: People know me now thanks to Lipstick Under My Burkha
Aahana Kumra, who has featured in Alankrita Srivastava's directorial Lipstick Under My Burkha, says she wants to do more slice of life genre films now. The actor will be seen in Anupam Kher's The Accidental Prime Minister.
Aahana Kumra: Web series are liberating, but TV pays bills
Listing the pros and cons of working in a web series -- a popular platform gaining momentum -- and TV, which is an evergreen medium of entertainment, Aahana shared that web series don't bore people.
Aahana Kumra Photos
Cosmopolitan Beauty Awards 2019: Radhika, Athiya and Aahana among others in attendance
Cosmopolitan Beauty Awards 2019: Bollywood celebrities came under one roof to celebrate fashion. We spotted Athiya Shetty, Radhika Apte and others at the event.
Amitabh Bachchan launches 'Yudh' poster with Sarika in New Delhi
Amitabh Bachchan launched the dramatic poster of his first fiction TV series titled 'Yudh' on Wednesday in New Delhi.
Aahana Kumra Videos
Rangbaaz stars get their gangster mode on
The team of Zee5's Rangbaaz, including Saqib Saleem, Aahana Kumra and Bhav Dhulia, talk about the unique nature of their gangster show. The team also show off their Rangbaaz attitude as they decode the local language.
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Amitabh Bachchan and Taapsee Pannu starrer Badla to release on March 8, 2019https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/amitabh-bachchan-taapsee-pannu-badla-movie-5274011/
Amitabh Bachchan and Taapsee Pannu starrer Badla to release on March 8, 2019
After sharing screen space in Pink, Amitabh Bachchan and Taapsee Pannu will be seen in Sujoy Ghosh's upcoming film Badla.
By Express Web Desk |New Delhi | Published: July 24, 2018 6:30:13 pm
Gully Boy actor Siddhant Chaturvedi receives appreciation from Amitabh Bachchan
Amitabh Bachchan on Vashmalle song: I rehearsed the most
KBC 10 September 25 episode highlights: Manish Patil wins Rs 2000
After Pink, Amitabh Bachchan and Taapsee Pannu will be seen sharing screen space in the upcoming Sujoy Ghosh film Badla
The shooting of Sujoy Ghosh’s Amitabh Bachchan starrer Badla has been wrapped up. The director says the end of a film shoot is “heartbreaking”.
“‘Badla’ shoot ends. Had the most awesome awesome crew who did all the hard work and of course… Sir Amitabh Bachchan and Taapsee Pannu who took care of the acting department. Maine sirf chance pe dance kiya,” Ghosh tweeted.
“End of a film shoot is very heart breaking… Dil solid toot jaata hai (The heart breaks badly),” he added.
Taapsee tweeted a video of Ghosh jumping in the air, and wrote: “Anddddd its a schedule wrap from the youngest member of the cast and crew ‘Badla’ (considering we have a 2-year-old acting in the film, it’s quite an achievement).”
BADLA shoot ends. had the most awesome awesome crew who did all the hard work and of course.. sir @SrBachchan and @taapsee who took care of the acting dept.. main sirf chance pe dance kiya..
— sujoy ghosh (@sujoy_g) July 20, 2018
end of a film shoot is very heart breaking.. dil solid toot jaata hai
The film is a murder mystery, and its shooting took place widely in Scotland. Badla has been produced by Shah Rukh Khan’s Red Chillies Entertainment. The movie will hit the big screen on March 8, 2019, which is incidentally Women’s Day as well. Both Taapsee and Big B had earlier shared screen space in another female-centric film Pink.
(With inputs from IANS)
actor Amitabh Bachchan
Taapsee Pannu
1 Janhvi Kapoor: Khushi and papa cried after watching Dhadak
2 Aashiq Banaya Aapne actor Tanushree Dutta returns to India, fans enquire about her comeback
3 Saheb, Biwi Aur Gangster 3 director Tigmanshu Dhulia: We couldn’t have had a better gangster than Sanjay Dutt
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Hockey World Cup 2018: Coach Harendra Singh blames referee decisions for India’s early exithttps://indianexpress.com/article/sports/hockey/hockey-world-cup-2018-coach-harendra-singh-blames-referee-decisions-for-indias-exit-5492704/
Hockey World Cup 2018: Coach Harendra Singh blames referee decisions for India’s early exit
Amid a tense atmosphere in the room, the Indian coach was asked to weigh in on what went wrong in the match. After giving a brief apology to the home fans, Harendra Singh immediately pointed fingers at the referees.
Written by Karan Prashant Saxena | Bhubaneswar | Updated: December 14, 2018 10:12:23 am
Hockey World Cup 2018: Arthur Van Doren – the MVP who leads Belgium from the back
Hockey World Cup 2018: Red-letter day for Belgium in Bhubaneswar
Hockey World Cup 2018: Belgium win maiden World Cup twice in one night
Netherlands defeated India 2-1 in the quarterfinals of the Hockey World Cup 2018. (PTI)
“My warrior team can only fight 11 vs 11. But not 13 vs 11,” India coach Harendra Singh said angrily at the press conference following India’s 2-1 defeat to Netherlands in the World Cup quarterfinal. The result had taken away India’s chance of securing their first semifinal berth in the World Cup since 1975, cutting short their stay in the tournament after a fantastic start.
Amid a tense atmosphere in the room, the Indian coach was asked to weigh in on what went wrong during the match. After giving a brief apology to the home fans, Singh immediately pointed fingers at the referees.
“I am opening up today, I have been quiet for a while. I did not file a protest at the Asian Games. In the shootout against Malaysia at the Games, my captain was given a yellow card for blocking. But later, it was revealed that it was not a case of blocking. Umpiring is one of the committees in International Hockey Federation that they do not want to improve. We will continue to face similar results as long as it does not,” he said.
The former Indian international was upset that two cards were handed to his players – Hardik Singh and Amit Rohidas – but the Dutch defenders were not punished for similar fouls. In the final few minutes, skipper Manpreet Singh was pushed just a few yards outside the circle, but the referee did not find it a worthy enough cause for a booking.
“Amit Rohidas was given a card but when Manpreet Singh was pushed, there was no card for the Dutch defender. If there is a tackle, then someone should see that this cannot be excused. We have lost two major tournaments because of poor umpiring,” Singh said.
He added: “In the umpires meeting, all the coaches request umpire managers to show video replays of what is acceptable and what constitutes as a foul. But the powerpoint presentations we are shown by them do not make us clear on that front. ”
The coach further pointed that video referrals used during the match often work in favour of the players, which is an indication that umpiring in real time needs to improve. “When the players go for the video referral, most of the times it goes in their favor. Why don’t the umpires get it right the first time? We cannot depend every time on the referrals,” he said.
On being questioned whether India will be appealing on umpiring decisions, skipper Manpreet Singh asked, “What is the use – we are out of the tournament.”
Best Of Express
The coach added: “There is a process to appeal, but I have never seen a use for that. So, we have to accept this gracefully. But there is a real need for improvement on this front. Everyone invests so much time in preparing for the World Cup – but because of one wrong decision from one person, all the hard work of the past six months goes to waste.”
When the Netherlands coach Max Caldas was asked whether he agreed that there was umpiring errors during the match, he said the best team won. “The team that had the most chances, the most corners, the most penetration won the game. The umpires do not play the game – the players do. As a team, we always try to find a reasoning of a win or loss within ourselves. We would never blame the umpire because they do not count,” he said.
The Dutch skipper Billy Bakker further added that a good team can win the match despite the decisions not going in their favor: “I think I am pretty happy with the officials. Sometimes it is difficult to see for the umpires and the players what really happened. At times the decisions do not go the way you want. In my opinions, a really good team can go on to win despite those decisions,” he said.
hockey world cup 2018
Hockey World Cup 2018: Coach Harendra Singh blames referee decisions for India's early exit
1 Hockey World Cup 2018: Hockey is almost dead in Pakistan, says AHF CEO Ikram
2 Hockey World Cup 2018: Netherlands extend India’s wait for second World Cup
3 India vs Netherlands, Hockey World Cup 2018 quarter-final highlights: Netherlands beat India 2-1
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Stop Sign & Speed Zone Request
Purpose
To provide for a uniform process for handling citizen requests for installation of new stop/yield signs or changes to speed zones on streets controlled by the City of Indianola.
Policy
Requests for such changes shall be initiated with a citizen request, using the form attached as Exhibit B to the adopting resolution. If a citizen makes a request at a Council meeting, they will be directed to complete the form. The form will be made available online as well as at City Hall. An elected official may also complete the form to initiate a request for review.
Upon receipt of a completed request form, City staff and the City Engineer will conduct any necessary field research to evaluate the request. Requests will be evaluated based on the guidelines of the U.S. DOT’s Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD).
Efforts will be made toward being efficient in evaluating the request, and the typical timeframe for processing a request should not exceed one month, barring unusual circumstances or the need for more extensive research.
Adopted by City Council on October 1, 2018
Request Form (PDF)
Remit completed forms
City of Indianola
Clerks Office
110 N 1st Street
Indianola IA 50125
requests@indianolaiowa.gov
Damage Claim Form (PDF)
Requests / Complaints
Street Closure (PDF)
Vacation Notification (PDF)
110 N. 1st St.
Notification Sign Up
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Ingenium Museums
Surprising Stories on the Fly
By: Erin Poulton
Canada Aviation and Space Museum
The first Felixstowe F-5L flying boat produced by Canadian Aeroplanes. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Summer 1918. Credit: Canadian Aeroplanes Limited, “Our First Flying Boat”, 1918
“Boundless Horizons” for Outreach Exhibitions
I love quirkiness—anything surprising that makes me pause, take note, or re-think. That’s one reason I find interpretive planning so rewarding. I get to find creative ways to share stories with museum visitors—layering catchy texts, evocative images, and historic objects.
Making JN-4 propellers on a specialized machine. This tool could carve four propellers in less than 30 minutes, 1918. Credit: Canadian Aeroplanes Limited, Our Second Year, 1918
In late July 2017, the Canada Aviation and Space Museum mounted a small exhibition at Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport in Montreal. Each year, as part of an ongoing partnership with Aéroports de Montréal, we develop a new aviation-themed display—offering an unexpected diversion for travellers to enjoy. Past exhibitions have ranged in topic from flight in the 1910s to leading-edge ‘green’ aviation technologies. In 2017, with Canada 150 at the forefront of our minds, we created Boundless Horizons: Over 150 Years of Canadian Aerospace Innovation. Featured innovations range from the Silver Dart, the first powered airplane to fly in Canada, to Canadarm2, which plays an ongoing role in the success of the International Space Station.
Boundless Horizons includes a section that shares the story of Canadian Aeroplanes Limited—the first major aircraft manufacturer in Canada. The Museum is fortunate to have a set of the Toronto-based company’s commemorative photo albums. The striking images they contain truly inspired the exhibition team. Canadian Aeroplanes, a British-controlled company, was established in 1916 during the First World War. The company built training aircraft for the Royal Flying Corps (RFC)—a flying service controlled by the British Army. Canadian Aeroplanes produced roughly 1,200 Curtiss JN-4 Canucks for RFC-run flying schools in Southern Ontario. The company also constructed thirty Felixstowe F-5L flying boats for the U.S. Navy. (They look as interesting as they sound—check out the included image). Canadian Aeroplanes disbanded soon after the Armistice, as there was too little demand for aircraft once the war ended.
It’s always interesting to set up the Museum’s airport exhibitions. No one expects to see a display case with workers inside—let alone a display itself—as they wheel their carry-on to arrivals. For a day, we personally get to be part of the quirkiness. People will stop, ask questions, and share their thoughts about the display as we work. It’s gratifying to see people engage with the experiences we create.
Canada Aviation and Space Museum staff install Boundless Horizons at Pierre Elliott Trudeau Airport, July 26, 2017.
A worker at Canadian Aeroplanes uses a heavy belt-driven sewing machine to stitch wire reinforcement onto pieces of an airplane wing, 1918. Photo credit: Canadian Aeroplanes Limited, Our Second Year, 1918
Workers laying bricks at the factory site, ca February 1917. Photo credit: Canadian Aeroplanes Limited, Our Second Year, 1918
Constructing wing panels for the F-5L, late 1918. Photo credit: Canadian Aeroplanes Limited, Our Second Year, 1918
Erin Poulton
Erin Poulton is the Exhibition Interpretation Officer (or interpretive planner) at the Canada Aviation and Space Museum. She graduated from the University of Ottawa in 2006 after having completed her Bachelor of Arts in English and History, her Master of Arts in Canadian History, and then her Bachelor of Education respectively. Erin has been working in the museum field since 2000, and enjoys finding fun and effective ways to share Canada’s aviation and space stories with the public.
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The Online Store
P.O. Box 9724, Station T
Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1G 5A3
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INSTORE+
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How to Address Drama In Your Store and More of Your Questions Answered
Ask INSTORE
Don’t miss: How to avoid getting in a price war with a competitor.
INSTORE Staff Instore March 2019 Issue
My store seems like a reality TV show: all unnecessary drama. It’s exhausting, but addressing it only seems to add fuel to the fire. Is there a way to bring it under control?
You’re not alone. After profitability concerns, this is the No. 1 headache of business owners, says business coach Lauren Owen. Drama and discord create stress and hurt productivity. There is no quick fix, but there are a number of things you can do, starting with regular meetings. “Scheduled, well-run meetings are essential to clear communication and team building and addressing potential conflicts,” says Owen, adding that such meetings are conspicuously absent at stores with drama issues. Other steps include confronting your drama queens, addressing your underperformers (there is often a hidden cost in the resentment they cause), performing a cost-benefit analysis on your high-maintenance employees (sometimes they just suck all the energy out of a store), and finally, taking a good look at yourself. “Some people actually like drama, despite what they say,” Owen says. “If you were really honest with yourself, you might understand that the drama is satisfying some need of yours. Attention? Power? Control? Do you avoid all conflict, even healthy conflict, at all costs?” And are you giving your staff a clear sense of purpose — that jewelry is about something bigger than profits or self-interest? Employees instilled with a sense of higher purpose tend to grouse a lot less, Owen says.
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What are the pros and cons of hiring older workers?
The list of advantages is as long as their teeth: seniors are often more responsible than their younger counterparts, call in sick less, work harder, don’t get involved in office politics, and have good life skills. Yet many retailers have mixed feelings about hiring those over the age of 55. To be sure, some older workers do tire more quickly from long hours on the sales floor or may want to work shorter hours either for personal reasons or to protect their Social Security benefits (but that can also mean fewer benefits that you’re obliged to pay). Ultimately, your decision should be guided by this rule of thumb: in retail, people like to do business with people who are like them or share their interests. So, make sure your staff matches your area’s demographics. Although for just about anywhere in the US, that now means a graying market. According to Bureau of Labor Statistics projections, 25 percent of the workforce in 2024 will be over the age of 55.
Where can I get my old displays rewrapped?
We applaud your frugal instincts, but this is a bit like getting your 14-year-old refrigerator reconditioned — you’re often better off buying a new one. “The costs are prohibitive and the old display structure is usually destroyed in the process,” notes Larry Johnson, the author of The Complete Guide to Effective Jewelry Display. Johnson recommends you tell your display vendor what you liked about your old display and get them to help.
Should I delete old names from my email bulletin list?
Your email marketing program will be more effective the cleaner and more up-to-date your subscriber list is, but there are a few things you should do before you start deleting names. First, segment your subscriber list into new, active and inactive customers. “Reach out to the old customers on your list with a different message. Contact them with a special offer, information about something that would be of interest to them, or educational information that would benefit them,” advises Steve Robinson, regional development officer (Illinois) for Constant Contact, which provides email marketing services to more than 300,000 small businesses and organizations in the U.S. “Consider offering a link to an online survey that would allow them to tell you what specifically they are interested in.” If there is no response after two or three more attempts using this approach, Robinson suggests you consider those addresses inactive and either remove them from your list or move these people to a new list to which you email only once or twice a year so as not to lose contact with these old customers completely.
A new competitor seems to be trying to undercut our prices on everything from diamond prices to repairs. How can we avoid getting in a price war?
First, understand that not every price challenge is real. Many of your customers make their purchase decisions because of the quality of your products, services (especially your services), or just the relationship they have with you. Still, if you’re sure price is the issue, and you are losing customers as a result, you may want to a adopt a three-tiered pricing strategy by offering premium and budget options in addition to your regularly-priced goods. The idea is not actually to sell the cheaper or more expensive options, but to underscore the true value you are giving customers with your regular prices through your explanations of what they get with each option. When consumers are faced with such choices, they overwhelmingly choose the middle road.
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Over the years, INSTORE has won 76 international journalism awards for its publication and website. Contact INSTORE's editors at editor@instoremag.com.
Gene the Jeweler Gets Kicked Out of the Studio
In the latest episode (#42) of Gene the Jeweler, Gene is going about his business, recording a new episode. But that doesn’t last long. Four-time NFL Pro Bowl leading rusher Ahman Green walks in, and Gene finds that his time in the studio is over — whether he likes it or not. (See more Gene the Jeweler episodes at instoremag.com/gene.)
What To Look For In a Mentor, How to Deal With Negative Employees, and More of Your Questions Answered
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Ask your resident “Negative Nelly” these questions to get them thinking positively.
What should you look for in a mentor?
The most important thing is that you and your mentor click on a personal level. Such a relationship should be undertaken with a long-term view, and you need to want to spend time together. As for more specific things to look for, Daniel Coyle’s excellent book, The Little Book Of Talent: 52 Tips For Improving Your Skills, suggests the following:
1. Avoid someone who reminds you of a courteous waiter.
2. Seek someone who scares you a little.
3. Seek someone who gives short, clear directions.
4. Seek someone who loves teaching fundamentals.
5. All things being equal, pick the older person.
Podcast: A Flash of Cash and Other Meditations on the Value of Jewelry
Podcast: Craig Husar Discusses His Career, and His Spectacular New Store, on ‘The Barb Wire’
Podcast: Make Sure You Open the Dang Box
And when it comes to asking for help, don’t be too backward. Advice-seeking is a powerful way to make a connection with someone. Most people love to help and to know they’ve made a difference in someone else’s life.
Are we liable if we’re storing a salesperson’s line and it gets robbed?
“Laws vary from state to state, but a jeweler may be liable in many cases,” warns Elie Ribacoff of the Worldwide Security Network, a firm offering assistance to jewelers on insurance and security matters. “A salesman’s line may be considered under the custody, care and control of the jeweler who accepts it for storage, making the jeweler responsible. If a salesman ‘consigns’ or has the jeweler sign a memorandum for the line, the line may be covered by the salesman’s insurance policy. If there is no documentation generated by either party, the jeweler may claim he was assuming no liability, and the salesman may claim the jeweler was showing the line to a potential client.” To avoid a legal battle, Ribacoff suggests jewelers sign a memorandum, “clearly stating that he accepts the line for storage only, and that it is the salesman’s responsibility to provide insurance coverage for his line at all times.”
It seems every time we try to introduce a new project or way of doing things, there are certain staff members who will find a reason to reject it. How do I deal with such people?
There’s typically some underlying reason for the pessimism, such as insecurity, a need for attention, or resistance to change. Regardless, your strategy should be much the same: appear to turn the problem over to staff. Agree with their position and objections and ask: “Now, what do you plan to do about it?”, although perhaps in not such a direct way.
Be positive rather than confrontational, let them know how much you appreciate their opinion, but always end with a pivot to how the problem will be addressed.
Amy Gallo, author of The Hbr Guide To Dealing With Conflict, suggests these phrases to help you deal with such situations:
“You’ve made a good point, but if we x, then y.”
“When you keep pointing out the negative, we lose the enthusiasm we need to be really creative and productive. But you’ve shown me x, and I believe that you can y.”
”May I explain why I disagree with you?”
”Can you rephrase that in a positive way?”
”Perhaps so, but here’s the good/alternative I see.”
”You’ve identified a valid problem. Let’s brainstorm on how to fix it.”
”I’d appreciate it if you could give me some alternatives.”
”Thanks for sharing your thoughts. Now let’s … ”
“Can we get a second opinion on that from … ?”
“What would you do instead?”
“What do you need to fix it/move forward?”
“I can see why you’d think/feel that way. What’s your next step?”
“You sound upset/pessimistic. Is that what you were trying to convey?”
“Can we approach this from a different angle?”
Gallo says it’s important to remember that a pessimist usually isn’t out to hurt you on purpose. “They might not even realize how much they come across as a downer,” she says. “Aim to truly listen and empathize rather than passing judgment, and over time, they’ll trust you and learn not to stay in the pits.”
I’m closed on Sundays and Mondays. Am I leaving sales on the table by not being open seven days a week?
Not necessarily. In fact, you may actually be improving business by giving your team some regular time off. Roger Beahm, professor of marketing at Wake Forest University School of Business, told radio station WFDD that you should first consider the “personal values” of your business. “We know that there are a lot of businesses, for personal reasons, that like to keep their doors closed on Sunday, give their employees a day off for family, to go to church, and those kinds of things.”
Beahm also points out that while national businesses may be accountable to stockholders, independent retailers are usually accountable to a few owners at most. Thus, the pressure to generate massive amounts of revenue usually isn’t there, and the focus can move to employee happiness, which can translate into “efficiency, a high-quality product, and a loyal customer who keeps coming back.”
Beahm says that work/life balance should lead to profit. “While they may be leaving money on the table in the short run, it’s probably assured that in the long run, they’re continuing to generate revenue because of the satisfaction level of both their employees and their customers.”
Also, evading overtime and tips on displaying men’s jewelry. (Hint: Not too close to the ladies’ goods.)
I’ve got a woman on staff who simply adores jewelry, and she never fails to engage a customer in a lively discussion, but for the life of me, I can’t teach her how to close the sale! Help!
Failure to close is most often a combination of lack of basic skill and fear of being too forward or pushy, says Kate Peterson of retail consultancy Performance Concepts. Be aware, she says, that you can’t effectively teach “closing” as a separate and disassociated thing. If your associate is good at engaging the customer in conversation, focus on teaching her how to make emotional connections between what the customer wants and what the merchandise provides, and to listen for signals that indicate it’s time to close. When it comes to more expensive fashion wear, remind her that most customers are often looking for permission to buy. “Providing good service means giving it to them by asking for the sale,” says Peterson. There are also situations when your salespeople will be grateful to be “let off the hook” with a particularly chatty customer via a personal intervention from the boss, meaning you. Finally, consider your commission structures. A motivated staff will use their time in the store as efficiently as they can … because it’s in their interest to make as many sales as possible.
I’ll admit I’m a helicopter manager, but if I didn’t keep a close eye on everything and constantly intervene, nothing would get done properly. How can I get my staff to show more initiative and responsibility?
It sounds as if you’ve micromanaged your staff into drones. Basically, you’ve got two options: go big picture, where you give them ownership of their responsibilities on a day-to-day basis, or go small, where every procedure and system is mapped out in detail. The first requires employees with the right personality and experience who will know what to do when you say, “OK, our goal is to wow every person who comes into the store. Go to it!” The second requires a lot of work from you in putting systems in place and providing the necessary training. In such cases, David Geller recommends imagining that you’re planning to open another business 3,000 miles away and putting in writing everything you’d want the remote employees to know about managing the store, from how to run the point-of-sale system to how to make deposits to who to call if there’s a building problem. With such a reference, you’d be able to step aside, and in theory, be confident your staff would be equipped to tackle most situations. Keep in mind, though, that these situations often reflect as much about the manager as the staff. Taking action is how micromanagers deal with anxiety — just as surrendering control is how under-functioning staff deal with challenges. Breaking the pattern is tough, because the manager needs to step back and do less, which means potentially letting bad things happen and tolerating the resulting anxiety. Can you handle that?
Juggling employee schedules to avoid paying overtime is increasingly becoming an issue in our growing store. Should we just move several employees to salaried positions? No more messy rosters. No more overtime. Right?
Likely very wrong. This is a strategy that “has been used so often to avoid paying rightful overtime, that it is written into the law through the Fair Labor Standards Act,” says Scott Clark, a lawyer and founder of the HTC Group. Yes, there are salaried positions for which there are exemptions from overtime rules, but they tend to be “true” management roles and jobs that require a college degree or technical training. They must also pay more than a minimum of $455 per week, and the salary must be the same every week (so if your employee wants time off to see the doctor, you still have to pay his full weekly salary — no more docking wages for hours not worked). If it seems that the government is uncharacteristically protective of lower-income workers in this instance, never fear, it really isn’t. On the contrary, the government IS very particular about all the taxes and Social Security that get paid on overtime. We’d say a better approach is to view your employees as an asset who make you money, not as an expense. Invest in your employees to make them more efficient, and they’ll make you even more money. Or hire the staff you actually need.
What happens if I let a customer into my workshop? Am I liable if they get hurt?
Yes, you are, say the legal minds at the Jewelers Vigilance Committee. However, no more so than if a customer was injured on your sales floor — or your sidewalk (although the potential risk to a customer may be greater in your workshop, depending on the level of manufacturing that goes on). It’s always a good idea to regularly review your insurance coverage to check the limitations on how you are covered and under what circumstances.
What are some tips for displaying men’s jewelry?
According to Larry Johnson’s book The Complete Guide to Effective Jewelry Display, men’s jewelry should be displayed in cases that are less than 6 feet in length with no less than 3 feet of space allocated for displaying merchandise.
Given the infrequent nature of jewelry self-purchases by men, men’s jewelry should be out of the store’s normal traffic area.
Men tend to not like shopping near ladies’ goods. “Position your store’s men’s jewelry case next to the watch counter or the cash register area where they’ll be better attended,” suggests Johnson. For the display itself, use larger elements (ring fingers, bracelet ramps and risers) in more “masculine” fabrics such as gray herringbone or other “suit” fabrics. Regarding the display of the jewelry itself, showcase items that facilitate a man’s infrequent self-purchases. So dispense with price-point displays and group men’s jewelry with like items, such as tie tacks with cufflinks.
Men’s jewelry is pretty much “no fuss no muss,” so use signage that enhances the appeal of the jewelry such as “14K gold” or “hand inlay.” For case trimmings, avoid the sports and sports car clichés. Opt for more timeless elements like antique fly-fishing reels, old toy cars or old sports items.
Lowering threshold resistance without hurting your image is tricky. Here are some ideas.
I’m thinking of introducing more lower price-point items to get more people in the door. But as a fine jeweler, I worry about how we will be perceived.
Threshold resistance is a real problem for many jewelers, but it’s a tough balancing act. It also requires close attention to return on effort, inventory turn and a host of other factors. John Carom, owner of Abby’s Gold & Gems in Uniontown, PA, says he faced a similar dilemma several years ago and was criticized by some of his peers for going “down market.” Ultimately, though, he’s sure it was the right move. “Carrying jewelry gifts under $200 and even under $50 retail brought us literally thousands of new customers each year for several years,” he says. Carom acknowledges most of these people were never converted to larger purchasers. “But,” he points out, “most of our best and most frequent customers were introduced to us by these market-friendly gifts, with some spending tens of thousands of dollars each every year because they came through the door for a hot low-end item.” Even if you decide not to go with an enhanced selection of gift goods, you need to make sure through your marketing, displays and price tagging that everyone in your market believes they can come into your store and find something for their budget. High end or lower end, you’re at no end if no one comes in the door. As Carom notes: “Traffic building is profit building.”
I know I should be focused on my business, but I get an almost warped glee out of competing fiercely with the unethical schmuck up the road. There’s nothing wrong with having such an enemy, is there?
Indeed, there’s plenty of psychological research that testifies to the fact that humans partly enjoy having enemies; they clarify the world for us and bolster our sense of righteousness. So sure, why not channel this sometimes less-than-admirable truth to good ends? And it’s certainly easier to keep an eye on what your rivals are up to in the Internet era. The only thing we’d say is that you don’t lose sight of who your REAL enemy is. Is it the guy so bad at business he’s cutting legal corners, or is it Amazon, or something else — like your own complacency, inertia, or fear of change that poses an existential threat to your business? Enjoy your day-to-day skirmishes with the schmuck around the corner, use it to motivate yourself, but channel your energies into evolving and growing your business.
I am interested in selling gem carvings at my jewelry store. Any advice on what to buy and how to sell them?
e Start small, says AGTA Cutting Edge award-winner Sherris Cottier Shank. Set aside a display case — two feet wide is plenty. Include a half-dozen or so carvings on miniature pedestals and give them lots of visual space. If the case doesn’t look full enough to you, maybe include some information on the carver. Shank guarantees such a display will serve as a conversation starter in your store, and adds that it’s a great way to increase your customers’ appreciation of the beauty and rarity of colored gemstones.
What are an appraiser’s best options to assess the value of a rare, one-of-a-kind or unusual piece of jewelry that can’t be researched?
If information on your piece cannot be found in any of the industry price guides and catalogs or at online forums, Stuart Robertson, research director at Gemworld International, suggests you canvas museum curators, auction houses and estate dealers. “Remember, if an item has value, it likely has a market. Consulting auctioneers and dealers can provide clues to finding and evaluating that market. The sale of comparable items is usually a good indicator of value,” says Robertson.
How can I get my salespeople to sell the older merchandise in the store?
Start by appealing to their belief in the possible, something all good salespeople should possess. Remind them too, in the nicest way, that there’s no accounting for taste. “Remember that somebody at the manufacturer was inspired enough by the idea of the product to create it. And remember that somebody else in your company liked it enough to buy it,” says sales trainer Harry Friedman. That makes at least two professionals out there — whose opinions they should respect — who believe in this particular product, he says. It also means that even though this piece may make them shake their heads in wonderment, there’s a reasonable chance there’s a customer out there who will like it too, so show it proudly. If that doesn’t do the trick, opt for an aggressive commission, says David Geller. “The commission many stores pay usually isn’t enough to get people excited,” he says, recommending you try doubling or tripling it. “If you normally pay a salary plus 3 percent, pay 9 percent on old items. It won’t cost that much, relatively speaking. A $500 item with 3 percent commission costs you $15 … at 9 percent, $45. Thirty bucks to unload a $500 item? Cheaper than a deeper discount, Charlie!”
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Falcon: A templated content management service
The Falcon content management service creates hosted individual websites in a managed environment, ready templated in the University house style and with a range of functionality already available.
Falcon started in 2010 and by 2017 there were over 400 sites, over 330 of which are live. The first iteration of Falcon was based on the open source content management system Plone. We are currently in the process of migrating the Falcon service to the leading open source content management system, Drupal.
Find out more about the Falcon-on-Drupal project
Who is Falcon for?
Falcon is ideal for any non-student University group requiring a website. Groups who find it particularly appropriate are:
Departments and department-associated sites
Doctoral training Programmes and Centres
Collaborations across the University
Research initiatives and networks
Conferences, events and meetings
Sites can be closed down easily, so Falcon is ideal for short-term or fixed-term use.
Example sites (ask for other examples):
Centre for Family Research
Camvet
Digital Humanities Network
Faculty of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies
The Gurdon Institute
Paid-for site migration can usually be undertaken, depending on availability of staff. This is charged for at the standard consultancy rates.
What can Falcon do?
Allow a certain amount of configuration of the site and ability to manage users and groups and their access to the site and for updating pages
Work within the standard University templates so that breadcrumbs are generated automatically, left-hand navigation is constructed, etc.
Serve standard web pages with images, pdfs and Word documents and add embedded rich content: the web pages are edited and the images, pdfs and other documents are uploaded through the web browser.
Give access to in-built added functionality to add dynamic information, forms, forums and so on.
Solve website delivery problems for £100 per year.
When you get it a default site looks like this:
By default you have 'News', 'Events', 'Jobs', 'Research themes' and 'Research Directory' in your site and showing in the navigation bar. You can remove or hide any or all of these - if you hide them you can bring them out again when you want.
Access to in-built added functionality
There are various additions to help you manage the site and its content:
You can add pre-configured items (feeds/static text/link lists) in right panel of any page and on main area of home page of site - this allows you to add rss feeds and embedded rich content such as google calendars, maps and video
There is in-built management of news, events and jobs - all of these produce rss feeds that can be used by others and may be added to the right panel of pages
You can configure footer information for the whole site and change it at a folder-by-folder level
You can add a person-based directory (initially called Research Directory) in which people are cross linked with categories (initially Research Themes) and could be linked with groups (initially called Institutions or Departments). People can also be linked to committees and collaborators.
You can manage other functionality such as forms, bulletin boards, version control on pages and add redirections.
Adding a person-based directory
A person-based directory is available on your new site for you to use if you wish. By default people in the directory become members of the site so if you add their crsid@cam.ac.uk alongside their names they will be able to log in themselves and fill in information, or the admins can do it and ask them to correct the content. If you don't wish them to change their profiles then you don't have to add their credentials, and they won't have access.
When setting up a directory you need to think about
The staff types (classifications) you want for the people in the directory
The categories (initially Specialties or Research Themes) that you want to put them in
Whether you also want to put them in groups (initially called Institutions or Departments).
People can also be linked to committees (which creates a group) and to collaborators.
Examples of directories may be found on these two Falcon sites, amongst others:
http://www.infectiousdisease.cam.ac.uk/
http://www.hist.cam.ac.uk/
Manage other functionality
There are various other additions to help you manage the site and its content:
A form generator. Once you have created a basic form folder, there is a long list of additional functions you can add.
A message board to add discussion forums.
Metadata for pages - on each page the editing bar has a tab 'seo properties', which lets you add metadata for the page.
Granular control of access to pages both to view and to edit, including incorporation with lookup groups.
Pages are version controlled.
Google analytics code can be added into the Site Setup
Redirections can be set up.
Keywords within the people directory can be managed so that similar keywords added by different people can be selected and merged into the same term.
Cross-institutional Falcon sites can be Shibboleth-authenticated - people can obtain third-party Shibboleth identities if need be.
We are in the process of changing the underlying technology of the Falcon service from Plone to Drupal. The Falcon-on-Drupal project site contains further information, including service features and training.
If you have any queries about the Falcon service or would like to set up a site, please contact falcon-support@uis.cam.ac.uk.
Payment for the site
Payment of £100 per year is initially requested when the site has been made 'live' on its domain name, or shortly after, and afterwards on the annual anniversary.
Falcon help site
Falcon training courses
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1950s / 1960s / 1970s / 1980s / 1990s / 2000s / actors
Robert Vaughn – actor
11 November, 2016 23 June, 2019 - 5 Comments.
Robert Francis Vaughn (November 22, 1932 – November 11, 2016) was an American actor. His best-known TV roles include suave spy Napoleon Solo in the 1960s series The Man from U.N.C.L.E. and wealthy detective Harry Rule in the 1970s series The Protectors.
In more recent times, as grifter and card sharp Albert Stroller, Vaughn appeared in all but one of the 48 episodes of the British television drama series Hustle (2004–2012).
In film, he portrayed skittish gunman Lee in The Magnificent Seven, the voice of Proteus IV, the computer villain of Demon Seed, bigot Walter Chalmers in Bullitt, and Ross Webster in Superman III.
After initial appearances in a swathe of TV series, one of Vaughn’s first notable movie roles was as a very verbal “questioning” and “wondering” post-apocalypse caveman in Roger Corman’s 1958 production Teenage Cave Man, a film that clearly ponders conformity and religious repression.
Originally titled Prehistoric World, distributors AIP changed the film’s moniker to reflect the 50s vogue for the youth-orientated drive-in fare. Clearly, Vaughn was no teen. And his clean-cut image and slicked back hair was hardly the look of a cave dweller. Yet, his sardonic performance in this low-budget prehistoric philosophical romp already showed that this was an assertive actor destined for many notable roles to follow.
Horror and sci-fi fans may recall the ever-busy actor in the following roles:
Selected filmography:
Starship Invaders (1978)
Doctor Franken (TV movie, 1980)
Battle Beyond the Stars (1980)
Killing Birds (1987)
C.H.U.D. II: Bud the Chud (1989)
Transylvania Twist (1989)
Buried Alive (1990)
Witch Academy (1995)
The Sender (1998)
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TaggedactorBattle Beyond the StarsBullittburied aliveDemon SeedDoctor FrankenKilling BirdsRobert VaughnStarship InvadersTeenage Cave ManTeenage CavemanTransylvania TwisttributeWitch Academy
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5 Comments on “Robert Vaughn – actor”
Sleazy says:
R.I.P. to RV…a great actor and ‘persona’. I, who do not like spy movies at all, enjoyed the Man from U.N.C.L.E. all along, perhaps because RV starred with David McAllum….the perfect duo….Skyfall, my ass !!😋😎😊😁
mondozilla says:
Wikipedia cites ‘Land of the Prehistoric Women’ as a pre-release title from a 1957 article in the Los Angeles Times. However, the male-centric movie was shot as ‘Prehistoric World’ so I have amended the posting. Thanks for the feedback, Stephen.
Stephens Laws says:
Many thanks. Astonished to see a posting elsewhere online that suggests ‘The Man from Uncle’ was ‘not a success’ !!! http://www.stephenlaws.com
Stephen Laws says:
‘Land of the Prehistoric Women’ was not the original title for ‘Teenage Xaveman.’ It was ‘Prehistoric World.’
David Fullam says:
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Home Medicine By Specialty Oncology Bridging the distance Sunnybrook’s Odette Cancer Centre uses e-health technologies to support...
Bridging the distance Sunnybrook’s Odette Cancer Centre uses e-health technologies to support colorectal cancer patients in the community
Every morning I get up and think it’s a great day to be alive,” says Peter Duffy, pictured here with Dr. Calvin Law, his surgical oncologist at Sunnybrook.
Peter Duffy turns 68 this year. He and wife Rita will likely celebrate with a special bottle of champagne because the occasion marks more than his birthday. They will toast to the fact that Peter is living 10 years out from an advanced cancer diagnosis that many first thought was not treatable.
A retired technical trainer for Canadian Pacific Railway, Peter was diagnosed with colorectal cancer in 2002. Shortly after a successful operation on the colorectal cancer, he was unfortunately found to have spread of the cancer to his liver. There were multiple tumours in his liver, and this was a complex situation. “He presented with a case with complexities that many in the cancer community would have said, based on older data, had no possible treatment,” says Dr. Calvin Law, a surgical oncologist who specializes in hepatobiliary cancers at Sunnybrook’s Odette Cancer Centre.
For patients living further away, and for the physicians caring for them, coordinated and rapid access to specialized cancer services is key to getting to the right treatment. Faster access to a regional cancer centre like Sunnybrook’s Odette Cancer Centre means access to more specialized care and leading treatment technologies.
“Peter is one the early patients with a most challenging situation, who we were fortunate to see quickly – and were able to offer coordinated, multidisciplinary, specialized care. His case and others made us work harder to ask ourselves – How can we serve communities better? How can we build better bridges?” says Dr. Law, also the head of the Centre’s Surgical Oncology program, and an associate professor in the Department of Surgery at the University of Toronto.
Sunnybrook’s Odette Cancer Centre is leading the way, bridging distances using the latest in e-health and information technologies.
A first-in-the-province initiative to support patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, Dr. Law and the Gastrointestinal Cancer Care team launched an all e-health referral portal for physicians in the community. This new system included a centralized e-contact address and e-imaging system which enabled digital scans from far away to be viewed within seconds at the Centre. Physicians from Newmarket, Oshawa and Barrie have taken advantage of the system. Many patients have had their care optimized, and thus spared a few extra trips to Toronto, all the while receiving expert care for complex colorectal cancer.
Sunnybrook is linked to 38 community and teaching hospitals across Ontario through HDIRS (Hospital Diagnostic Imaging Repository Services), a Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care initiative of which Sunnybrook was a founding member.
The HDIRS network facilitates secure sharing of patient records and imaging such as CT scans and MRI examinations. Says Dr. Law, “This way, expertise can be shared between physicians in the community and Sunnybrook specialists – without the travel. These connections give patients and physicians new and faster access to more cancer expertise and leading diagnostic and treatment technologies.”
“Part of building better community partnerships is about leading change in the way people access care in the virtual space and applying the latest tools to make those virtual connections happen faster,” says Dr. Andy Smith, chief, Sunnybrook’s Odette Cancer Centre.
Along with these newer e-health initiatives, Sunnybrook already hosts multidisciplinary cancer conferences. These regularly scheduled meetings or “tumour boards” are often held by videoconference between physicians from community hospitals and regional cancer centre specialists of disciplines, ranging for example, from pathology and radiology to medical and radiation oncology, and surgery. These confidential forums facilitate more input and collaboration on complex patient care issues.
“You sometimes hear about people falling through the cracks in the cancer system. Well, I definitely didn’t,” says Peter Duffy. “The coordinated care I had – it’s good to see how my situation helped the process become more formalized for others out there.”
In 2003, Dr. Law’s team determined Peter was a candidate for a state-of-the-art treatment at Sunnybrook that teamed up chemotherapy followed by surgical liver resection using a revolutionary collagen-sealing device. Peter was one of the first patients where these methods were combined which required constant communications between his medical oncologist, Dr. Georg Bjarnason, and Dr. Law, his surgeon. When Peter needed another operation in 2006, Dr. Law and the team used the collagen-sealing device again successfully.
Peter returns to the Centre for his annual follow-up, often with gifts in hand, to express his gratitude to the doctors, nurses and other healthcare professionals who were part of his care team.
As for celebrating life, Peter reflects on how far he’s come. “Every morning I get up and think it’s a great day to be alive,” he says. He and Rita enjoy gourmet cooking, recently finessing an oxtail stew recipe, and keep busy outdoors being walked by their very large German Shepherd.
Sunnybrook's Odette Cancer Centre
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http://standardspeaker.com/eedition
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ONE STEP FORWARD, TWO STEPS BACK
This is the cover of yesterday's New York Times magazine:
The NYT explained its goal for the cover: "Like all great athletes, Roger Federer makes the impossible look easy. So we decided to go with an action shot that captures his grace and dynamism."
My dictionary doesn't recognize these uses of the terms, "action" and "dynamism." To me the freeze frame photo of Federer hovering in air looks inert and static. There is no suggestion of speed, and in fact the strangely meandering word "wonder" (in random type faces in miscellaneous sizes) dominates the figure and neutralizes any semblance of movement or direction or thrust. The visual emphasis placed on an outstretched hand releasing a ball seems to be the antithesis of "dynamism."
A few years ago on this blog I wrote about how sports illustration in the 1950s tended to rely on frozen, stop-motion images that looked hopelessly stolid.
Then in the 1960s, imaginative illustrators developed fresh ways to capture speed. They learned from action painting and abstract expressionism in the fine art world; they learned from movies, by blurring or repeating images rather than carefully capturing a single Muybridge snapshot; they learned from impressionism and expressionism (going back to J.M.W. Turner's revolutionary masterpiece, Rain, Steam and Speed); they learned from Einstein's special theory of relativity that spacetime bends as velocity increases toward the speed of light.
The following examples are from Bernie Fuchs' brilliant illustrations for Sports Illustrated in 1961.
Note the figure in the foreground starting to stretch to the right with Einstein's spacetime.
He used slashing lines and rapid brush strokes to create sensations of speed.
He captured figures in truly dynamic poses with traction and thrust, not merely floating in air. He selectively used sharp focus or blur to convey motion and emphasis. These are among the tools of a sophisticated artist.
If the goal of yesterday's NYT Magazine cover was "action" and "dynamism," I think by comparison these 1960s examples make the cover look sick. How much we have forgotten!
The concept of "progress" applies in science but not so much in art. In science, each new generation can build on the objective discoveries of the generation before. But in art, prehistoric cave paintings may be just as beautiful and sensitive as a picture made yesterday. It's not unusual for art to take one step forward and two steps back. But if we are aware of our history and work in good conscience, it's at least possible to take two steps forward and only one step back.
NEW REFLECTIONS ON OLD COMBAT ART, part 4
In the last few posts we discussed combat art from World War I.
In the comments, a lot seemed to depend on the fact that these artists, whether illustrators or "fine" artists, were first-hand witnesses to the trauma of war. The personal ordeals of these artists seemed to give their work an authenticity. In some cases, it pushed the artist to abandon traditional artistic techniques and flail around for new methods of communication.
How does this art compare with work by artists who did not participate in the war? How were the results different for artists who merely imagined the war from a great distance?
In my view, the best contemporary artist to be inspired by World War I is George Pratt. Here is some of his work, which I find quite striking:
Pratt uses a powerful composition to strengthen an already powerful subject.
Some of Pratt's subjects are similar to the subjects chosen by Dix, but Pratt kept his wits about him.
His first graphic novel about World War I was the highly regarded Enemy Ace: War Idyll.
Pratt worked a safe distance from the terror, in both time and space. Yet his imagination and talent enabled him to close some of that distance and give his pictures strength, insight and veracity.
For me, the work of Harry Townsend was among the most impressive art in the Smithsonian's exhibition of World War I art. Townsend wrote in his war diary, "Only those near to it all can know what endurance and suffering that was." He was thankful to be there in the battles of the Marne, and of St. Mihiel, and the Meuse-Argonne, for the "impressions, spiritual and material, that alone can furnish the inspiration for a convincing pictorial record."
Here is Townsend's powerful charcoal drawing, "The Hurry Call, Night of May 30, 1918."
It shows two red cross wagons racing to the front in response to an emergency call. Townsend chose not to detail the mangled bodies they would encounter there, although he certainly saw plenty of bloodshed and wrote about it in his diary. His approach is more symbolic. His dread is more abstract. Whatever his reasons for restraint, I find this to be a formidable drawing, both in form and content.
A number of commenters to my previous post praised the work of fine artist Otto Dix, who graphically showed the mangled bodies and distorted them:
It has been suggested that fine artists such as Dix responded to the horrors of war in a more genuine, meaningful way than illustrators. He abandoned conventional western realism and clawed out drawings that seem like a howl of despair. I find Dix's drawing powerful too, but a large part of that is due to shock value.
In one of Townsend's paintings, he captured the vertiginous experience of air combat-- something new in the history of war:
In his diary, Townsend described his first experience with flight:
Higher and higher we went. What a cubist painting below, and cubist paintings would appeal, if only they could catch some of the beauty of color and design of all those lovely patches on the canvas beneath us.... It was beautiful beyond wild dreams. Here and there one caught the earth way down there between the clouds, struck now by the sunlight and thrown into a wondrous high key of light, citrons and greens and lavender. And here and there thrown into shadow by the clouds, one saw it in rich, low tones like music, close and melodious, purples and low greens and earth that were like bass to the high tenor of the sun.
As soon as he landed, he promptly vomited into the gunner's cockpit where he was sitting.
No matter what horrors he had witnessed, Townsend could still be astonished by the beauty of nature. And he gave (in my opinion better than Dix) "a convincing pictorial record" that conveyed both the "spiritual and the material" ramifications of air warfare. In his drawing of air warfare, Dix again focuses on the mangled bodies left behind...
Powerful, yet I don't find Dix's treatment any more insightful or creative than a drawing by an EC horror comic artist, or a modern graphic novelist who had been nowhere near battle. For example, compare this war picture by Dix...
...with this Jimbo comic book illustration by Gary Panter:
I guarantee you, Panter had no first hand experience with, or special insights into, war. Yet, he finds it easy to simulate the horror that Dix experienced first hand. In my opinion neither of them could do what Townsend did.
The argument seems to be that illustrators, harnessed to a commercial function or purpose (or as Kev Ferrara put it, "faith") are not as sensitive to the true horror of War. But here we see a hand drawn and lettered poster by Townsend, who was sufficiently sensitive to the horror of starvation to try use art to do something about it:
I suppose a nihilist would argue that such "purposeful" art is oblivious to our existential predicament. I'm not sure that distinction would impress the starving French peasants.
Did fine artists and illustrators react differently to World War I?
Many historians believe that World War I changed the path of fine art. In the years leading up to the war, art had already begun to explore modernism and the industrial age. But no one was prepared for the way scientific progress changed the nature of war: the invention of the tank, air warfare, the development of poison gas, and mass killings that didn't discriminate between combatant and civilian-- these were just the tip of the iceberg. More ominously, modern mass communications, mass transportation and other fruits of scientific progress which once appeared to hold such promise turned out to escalate and accelerate the worst of humanity. They revealed a yawning existential void beneath a thin veneer of civilization.
As a result of the World War, nihilism seemed to spread throughout the fine art world. For example, Dada represented a negation of everything that reason had once taught us.
Surrealism (a term invented by soldier Guillaume Apollinaire) represented another assault on common sense and social order.
Similarly, futurism urged in violent language the overthrow of the old values and order. And the "New Objectivism" of George Grosz and Otto Dix cast aside traditional artistic images and values to show how the great war had shattered lives beyond any rational explanation.
As art critic Reed Johnson wrote:
World War I reshaped the notion of what art is, just as it forever altered the perception of what war is.…. In visual art, surrealists and expressionists devised wobbly, chopped up perspectives and nightmarish visions of fractured human bodies and splintered societies slouching toward moral chaos.
Even as modernism severed its ties with the traditions of fine art, the illustrators of the AEF kept their faith. These eight artists worked on the front lines and witnessed as much horror as anyone. Their art contained as much drama and pain. We can't assume that they were any less sensitive or talented than their fine art counterparts. Yet, the illustrators didn't forsake their roots in rationality, or their belief that realism had something worthwhile to say. They created powerful, beautifully designed, meaningful images in response to the same stresses that contorted fine art.
Aylward
Why did the illustrators respond differently than the fine artists?
Perhaps the illustrators didn't succumb to nihilism because, unlike fine art, their art continued to be braced by a purpose (or to put it more crassly, a mission). Nihilism is purposelessness, but illustration-- for better or worse-- by its nature has a purpose or function. In this case it is reportorial art, the art of witness.
Everyone is quick to point out that illustration's "function" imposes constraints and limitations that don't apply to fine art. At the same time, I think a function or purpose has its advantages as well. The reactions of the AEF illustrators to the horrors of war were moderated and tethered to coherence by the need to communicate with an audience. These artists had to keep their wits about them.
Harvey Dunn, The Sentry
Harvey Dunn, The Flare
It's important to emphasize that the AEF illustrators did not retreat to jingoistic propaganda (the opposite side of the spectrum from fine art). The illustrators were not blind to the harsh realities of the front. In fact, the US military staff was disappointed that the illustrations had no propaganda value. A report concluded, "the officers of the General Staff [don't] appear to express very much interest in the pictures. They do not serve either a military purpose nor propaganda purposes."
In short, the illustrators seemed to have worked between the pro-war propaganda on one side and the antiwar nihilistic despair on the other side. Consider their merits and think about whether this is a good place on the spectrum for an artist to work.
Harvey Dunn, The Grenade
I AM PLEASED TO REPORT THAT THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION HAS OPENED A BRAND NEW WEB SITE DISPLAYING MANY ILLUSTRATIONS FROM THE AEF ILLUSTRATORS IN HIGH RESOLUTION. I URGE YOU TO VISIT AND ENJOY THE ART.
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Joss Whedon Quotes
Elbert Hubbard
Anthony J. D'Angelo
Top 10 Joss Whedon Quotes
Find Joss Whedon on:
American - Writer Born: June 23, 1964
Absolutely eat dessert first. The thing that you want to do the most, do that.
You Dessert Want Eat
I was not popular in school, and I was definitely not a ladies' man. And I had a very painful adolescence, because it was all very strange to me. It wasn't like I got beat up, but the humiliation and isolation, and the existential 'God, I exist, and nobody cares' of being a teenager were extremely pronounced for me.
Me God Man School
I always was an early-morning or late-night writer. Early morning was my favorite; late night was because you had a deadline. And at four in the morning, you make up some of your most absurd jokes.
Morning You Night Your
What I love most about icons is finding out what's behind them, exploring the price of their power.
Love Power Price Behind
The thing about a hero, is even when it doesn't look like there's a light at the end of the tunnel, he's going to keep digging, he's going to keep trying to do right and make up for what's gone before, just because that's who he is.
Light Hero Look End
Loneliness is about the scariest thing out there.
Loneliness Out About Thing
Every vampire fiction reinvents vampires to its own needs. You take what you want.
You Own Vampire Want
'The Dark Knight,' for me, has the same problem that every other 'Batman' movie has. It's not about Batman. I think Heath Ledger is just phenomenal and the character of the Joker is beautifully written. He has a particular philosophy that he carries throughout the movie. He has one of the best bad guy schemes.
Best Me Character Think
Who is to say who is the villain and who is the hero? Probably the dictionary.
Hero Villain Say Who
I am a great believer in found families and I'm not a great believer in blood.
I Am Great Blood Found
Remember to always be yourself.
Yourself Be Yourself Remember Always
'The Sixth Sense' is fine the second time around, but honestly, the first time around, it's dazzling.
Time First Time First Sense
Always be yourself... unless you suck.
Yourself You Be Yourself Always
I never give up on anything, because you come back around, and suddenly the thing you thought you'd never do is relevant.
Never Give Up You Thought Back
I'm a very hard-line, angry atheist. Yet I am fascinated by the concept of devotion.
I Am Angry Devotion Atheist
An audience who watches my shows knows who I am, knows that right when they think I'm going to make a joke, I'm going to blow something up, or during the worst peril, I'm going to have someone give someone a kiss - it's just going to happen.
I Am Kiss Think Watches
My mom and dad were divorced, and although they got along very well, my mom thought American television was reprehensible, so I was raised on the BBC. I kind of agreed with her. We watched American news, though.
Mom Dad Thought News
My absolute favorite part of Comic-Con is seeing, like, a 'Mass Effect' guy hanging out with a 'Sailor Moon,' and they're just having a great time.
Time Moon Great Hanging
The secret to multitasking is that it isn't actually multitasking. It's just extreme focus and organization.
Focus Organization Secret Just
Horror movies don't exist unless you go and see them, and people always will.
You People Go Movies
My deal with Marvel is I have a consulting deal with them as well as a contract to make 'Avengers.' That means I'll read all the scripts, I'll look at cuts.
Look Make Well Deal
I think everyone who makes movies should be forced to do television. Because you have to finish. You have to get it done, and there are a lot of decisions made just for the sake of making decisions. You do something because it's efficient and because it gets the story told and it connects to the audience.
You Think Movies Done
I hate it when people talk about Buffy as being campy... I hate camp, I don't enjoy dumb TV. I believe Aaron Spelling has single-handedly lowered SAT scores.
Hate People Believe Enjoy
People always say I write a lot of pop culture references. Can somebody please count the pop culture references in 'Firefly?' Because I don't know how to put this to you, but there was one. I referenced The Beatles in the pilot.
You People Culture Pilot
There was a time before I felt I was a real writer, when I was a yarn spinner and I just wanted to tell story until it was over. But then there came a time where I was like, 'No, I want to understand something through writing this that I might have not understood before. I want people to come away with something to think about.'
Time People Think Understand
I love a good romantic comedy.
Love Good Romantic Comedy
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Ro Khanna Reaches Outside Party to Tighten Silicon Valley Congressional Race
by Jane Susskind in Campaigns Oct 30, 2014
mike honda
ro khanna
With less than a week until the midterm election, Democrat Ro Khanna is closing the gap between him and incumbent U.S. Representative Mike Honda in the race for California’s 17th Congressional District — a race only possible in the newly competitive environment that emerged from the implementation of California’s nonpartisan, top-two primary.
As previously reported on IVN, CA-17 is one of California’s 25 intra-party races. In this district, which encompasses the tech-driven Silicon Valley, both Mike Honda and Ro Khanna are Democrats.
The seven-term incumbent commanded a 20-point lead over Khanna coming out of the primary election, a lead that has since diminished. CBS’s KPIX 5 polling now shows the Democratic candidates in a statistical dead heat with 28 percent of voters undecided.
“It shows the momentum is building,” Khanna said. “The message of change is resonating. People are tired of the old ways of doing things in Washington. They want someone who is going to get things done, who is going to work across the aisle.”
“The race is tightening,” Honda said in response. The competitive nature of the race, coupled with the national significance of the Silicon Valley, has made headlines across the state, with the media paying close attention to this once safe district.
“Don’t look now, but a moderate might get elected to Congress next month from California,” TIME leads with in their analysis of the Democrat vs. Democrat race. Throughout the article, Jay Newton-Small cites moderation as the intent of California’s reform.
Top-Two Primary: It’s About Accountability Stupid
What the mainstream media continues to ignore, however, is the significance California’s nonpartisan, top-two primary has on voters.
Just 37% of likely voters in California approve of the way that the California Legislature is handing its job.
@@PPICNotes
Prior to the implementation of the nonpartisan, top-two primary, just one member from each political party advanced to the general election. Thus, the general election was almost always a battle between one Democrat and one Republican. In a district with demographics that heavily favor one party, like Congressional District 17, the candidate advancing from the favored political party was almost guaranteed victory in the general election.
Under the old primary system, Honda would cruise to victory in November without having to actually campaign for the general election. The competition that is occurring today between Khanna and Honda would have occurred back in the June primary, when a smaller, more partisan group of voters participate.
Today, every vote in November’s general election matters. Every person in Congressional District 17 matters, because the “D” next to a candidate’s name no longer ensures victory.
In CA-17, non-Democratic voters make up the majority of the electorate, with 28.2 percent registered Republicans and 23.1 percent registered No Party Preference voters. To win, Khanna and Honda need to receive votes from people outside their political party — they have to talk to independent and Republican voters.
This is exactly what Ro Khanna has done, pulling himself up from a 20-point deficit in the polls. He shifted his campaign strategy to include all voters in his district, not just those who share his political ideals.
Khanna held over 200 town halls, inviting citizens of all political affiliations. He knocked on the doors of Republicans, Democrats, and No Party Preference voters. In doing so, he has forced Mike Honda to do the same.
Win or lose, Khanna’s rise in the polls is further evidence that incumbency no longer guarantees victory in California. A person’s party label is not as important as his or her ability to appeal to all voters in their district. It proves that California’s nonpartisan, top two primary has increased competition in California.
Read More Articles on CA-17
Calif. Rep. Mike Honda Survives First Real Challenge to His Incumbency
By Jane Susskind
- Nov 5, 2014
Khanna, Honda Contend for Non-Party Vote in CA-17 Debate
In Dem v. Dem Race, Mike Honda Faces First Serious Threat to His Incumbency
By Nancy Phung
- 5 years ago
The Upstarts: Two Calif. Congressional Candidates Put New Faces on Old Parties
By Andy Smith
- Jun 3, 2014
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HomeDr. Charles Stanier provides Lake Michigan Ozone Study update
Dr. Charles Stanier provides Lake Michigan Ozone Study update
March 9, 2017 March 8, 2017 jennakcladd Air Quality, Climate, Health, Public health, Research, Sustainability, WeatherAir Quality, CGRER, Lake Michigan, ozone, Research, surface level ozone, University of Wisconsin
Red dots indicate areas where mean ozone levels were above 70 parts per billion, which is the new U.S. Environmental Protection Agency standard. (Rob Kaleel/LADCO)
Jenna Ladd | March 9, 2017
The Lake Michigan Ozone Study 2017, a collaborative research campaign designed to better understand ozone levels around the lake, will begin this May.
The communities around Lake Michigan frequently experience an overabundance of surface-level ozone, which can cause respiratory problems for humans and harm plant life. Through the study, scientists are working to generate new information about how ozone in the area is formed and transported above the lake.
Brad Pierce is NOAA Advanced Satellite Products Branch scientist stationed at the Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies (CIMSS) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He said, “There are these sites along the lake… that are in violation, and they’re not really areas that have a whole lot of industry.” Pierce added, “The sense is that a lot of this has to do with lake breeze circulations. We want to go out and measure the lake breeze circulation and the transport of ozone precursors – the emissions that end up producing ozone – in the springtime when this lake breeze is most dominant.”
Since the study was commissioned last year, it has received additional support from the scientific community. Dr. Charles Stanier is a CGRER member and UI professor of chemical and biochemical engineering. He said, “We’ve expanded from one aircraft and two [air quality monitoring] ground sites to two aircrafts and seven ground sites. We’ve got extensive measurements that will start in May and continue into June and then extensive computer simulations that will help make sense of what we see.”
The collaborative field campaign consists of scientists from several universities such as the University of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Iowa, and many more as well as professionals from the agencies like the Lake Michigan Air Directors Consortium (LADCO) and NASA.
Dr. Stanier provides more information about the study’s goals and primary research questions below.
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Dr. Steve Hendrix speaks up for the wild bee →
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Jenner & Block Achieves Victory for Northern Trust When Judge Dismisses Complaint
Jenner & Block won a victory for Northern Trust when a judge dismissed a complaint filed by beneficiaries of a trust in its portfolio. The judge also denied as moot the plaintiffs’ motion for class certification. In Lindie L. Banks et al v. Northern Trust Corporation, the plaintiffs purportedly represented a putative class consisting of beneficiaries of trusts for which Northern Trust serves as trustee and has exclusive investment discretion. The plaintiffs alleged that Northern Trust undertook a “plan” or “program” to enrich themselves by investing trust assets in company-affiliated investment funds, violating their fiduciary duties. The plaintiffs sued in December 2016; in June 2017, the court dismissed the original complaint, finding that the claims were precluded by the Securities Litigation Uniform Standards Act (SLUSA) of 1998. Days later, the plaintiffs filed a first amended class action complaint. The firm argued that the amended complaint should also be dismissed because the claims were still precluded by SLUSA. “Defendants argue that the only changes Plaintiffs made to the allegations of their First Amended Complaint were to remove ‘securities law buzzwords’ and delete ‘paragraphs from the original [C]omplaint that obviously triggered SLUSA preclusion, while leaving the substance of their claims intact…The Court agrees,” wrote US District Judge John F. Walter of the Central District of California. According to his July 14, 2017, ruling, SLUSA requires the dismissal of any “covered class action” alleging that the defendant misrepresented or omitted a material fact or used or employed manipulative or deceptive device in connection with the purchase or sale of a covered security. The team representing Northern Trust was led by Partner Craig C. Martin and included Partners Amanda S. Amert, Michael T. Brody, Matthew R. Devine, Kenneth K. Lee, Ashley M. Schumacher and Daniel J. Weiss and Associates James Dawson, Brienne M. Letourneau, Laura L. Norris, Lina R. Powell, Chris M. Sheehan, Jennifer S. Senior, and Nathaniel K.S. Wackman.
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Live Review: Frankie Cosmos
By Tony Inglis
La Belle Angele, Edinburgh, 3 August 2017
“Talk amongst yourselves” says Frankie Cosmos frontwoman Greta Kline bashfully when, a few seconds into set opener ‘On the Lips’, her guitar cuts out.
Those first few seconds sounded so sweet and joyful, the crowd can’t quite follow her request as instructed, instead waiting with baited breath until the technical gremlins are sorted out.
Her and the band kick back into it, but it becomes clear things haven’t been rectified to the perfection of the sound check only a few hours before and so, in the most rock and roll thing you’re likely to witness at a Frankie Cosmos show, Kline holds her guitar aloft – as if to say “I don’t even need this” – and sings out the rest of the track.
It seems like a stop start opening but actually, in this small moment, it encompasses everything that’s so likeable about Kline’s project and gets the gig off to a surprisingly raucous start.
This isn’t because Frankie Cosmos gigs can’t be loud and fun – they always are – but because it betrays the rather unfair portrayal of Kline in some music media as diminutive and quiet. Onstage, ably backed by her band, she is expressive, and the songs are even bouncier than on record, something that perhaps belies their personal tone. Tonight is no different.
La Belle Angele, a mid-sized club venue just off Edinburgh’s Royal Mile is packed but not full (the Edinburgh Fringe has just got underway), but there are no festival stragglers who’ve just popped in to see what’s going on. Everyone in here is here for Frankie Cosmos, from the group pinned tight at the front bopping and moshing to every tune, to those standing further back gazing reverently as the group speed through song after song.
Frankie Cosmos seems to deal in snapshots, and this is true – much of the set is made up of cuts from 2016 album Next Thing, many of which are below two minutes in length – but they are not flimsy. Kline’s snapshots are deeply animated and intensely personal, with extremely memorable lines and a feeling sometimes that you are being let in on a secret.
In a live setting, the songs retain that charm, but are arguably even more real and fleshed out as improvisational flourishes from Kline’s guitar, or the emphasis on the vocal harmonies and interplay between her and fellow bandmate Lauren Martin, turn songs like ‘Outside with the Cuties’ into sweeping ballads.
Since the New York band last came to Scotland, nearly a year ago at Glasgow’s Stereo, Kline has grown into her role as a frontwoman. Frankie Cosmos were impressive then, but they are triumphant here. She owns the stage, and marches through some of her best songs – ‘Fool’, ‘Sinister’, ‘I’m 20’, ‘Buses Splash with Rain’ and ‘If I Had A Dog’, amongst many others. It’s very easy to forget Kline is only 23. It’s even easier to forget that she is incomparably prolific, with over 50 albums online credited to her under one name or another.
The highlight comes second to last as Kline announces, after a brief discussion with her bandmates, that they will play a new song. It goes down a treat and it’s fascinating to wonder where she will take Frankie Cosmos next. She is still developing as a songwriter and a performer, and rapidly at that, despite already being so accomplished, and she speaks so intelligently about the music she loves and which inspires her, that she really could go in any direction while still keeping that distinctive voice that seems much copied, though unmatched, in modern indie rock music.
Keep your eyes peeled for our chat with Frankie Cosmos’ Greta Kline, coming to the site soon!
Published by Tony Inglis
A freelance journalist from Glasgow currently studying on the MA Multimedia Journalism course at GCU. View all posts by Tony Inglis
Posted on August 8, 2017 August 7, 2017 by Tony InglisPosted in Gigs, Music, ReviewsTagged edinburgh, Frankie Cosmos, Greta Kline, La Belle Angele, Next Thing.
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Todd Oliver and His Talking Dog Act Coming to Plainview
Connor Abernathie
Thursday on KFYO Mornings with Dave King and Matt Martin Comedian and America's Got Talent semifinalist Todd Oliver joined Dave and Matt to talk about his upcoming show.
Oliver is a nationally known ventriloquist that uses a variety of original puppets, including real life dogs and audience members for his act. His show 'The Funniest Night of Your Life' is a family friendly show where, "kids can laugh with their parents." Todd says that despite this, its not a corny kiddie show and that, "it's the feeling you get when you watch the Andy Griffith Show. That's kind of what it's all about."
He will be performing Saturday, March 24th in Plainview Texas at the Fair Theatre. Tickets are $20 for adults and $10 for kids and can be purchased at the door, or at his website funnydog.com, where you can also find his other upcoming shows.
You can watch the full interview with Todd Oliver in the video above.
KFYO Mornings with Dave King & Matt Martin airs weekday mornings live, from 6:00 AM to 8:30 AM on News/Talk 95.1 FM and 790 AM KFYO, online at KFYO.com, & on the free KFYO app.
Filed Under: plainview, todd oliver
Categories: Interview, Lubbock Events, Videos
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You are here: Home Beekeeping History of Worcestershire Beekeeping
History of Worcestershire BKA
A rough history of Worcestershire beekeepers Association.
In March 1882 Mr AH Martin of Evesham gave a lecture on Bees and Beekeeping to the Evesham Institute Field Naturalists Club
The lecture was printed ,in full, in the Evesham journal and provoked a great deal of interest so that Mr Martin sent 50 postcards to ladies and gentlemen to determine the level of interest for the establishment of an association. He had 40 positive replies.
He wrote to Lord Beauchamp of Madresfield Court, Malvern asking whether he would be willing to take the role of President. On Saturday 14th Oct 1882 a meeting was held in the Worcester Guildhall for the purpose of establishing a beekeeping association for Worcestershire
The new vicar of Evesham Rev. Ross Barker was actively involved chairing the inaugural meeting, Mr Martin (Evesham) was elected secretary, and Mr T. Slatter (Evesham ) treasurer
Rev. Ross Barker stated that the dissemination of literature, showing the improvements in methods of beekeeping, was a great advantage.
In Hertfordshire he had found that to interest villagers in beekeeping did a great deal of good. In 1880 he had sold for one poor man £9 worth of honey in London, and in 1881 a cottager had produced nearly 1000lbs. from 14 stocks of bees.
Beekeeping was not always a success but it was a source of interest and cultivated the intelligence.
Dr Fernie of Malvern said that some of the happiest moments of his life were those he had devoted to his bees. In his busy professional life, if he could run to his bees for a half hour he found inexhaustible delight.
The Worcestershire Beekeepers Association was duly formed with Earl Beauchamp as its President.
And vice presidents The Lord Bishop of Worcester, The Earl of Dudley, Lord Northwick, Lord Lyttleton, The Dean of Worcester, Lady Georgina Vernon, Lord Edward Churchill, Sir E. Lechmere Bart.M.P . Mr G Hastings M.P.
The objects of the association were the same as those of Warwickshire BKA namely;
The encouragement, improvement, and advancement of bee culture particularly as a means of bettering the condition of cottagers and agricultural labourers, as well as advocating humanity to that most industrious of labourers, the honeybee.
This was a time of great encouragement and innovation in beekeeping with many associations being founded. Indeed, a few years earlier, Lady Georgina Vernon of Hanbury Hall, had tried to start a Worcestershire Association and had held a honey show in Worcester, but it had foundered for lack of support.
Frame hives were being advocated at this time as a much more humane method of beekeeping compared to skeps, as it permitted honey harvesting without colony destruction and permitted easier overwintering of colonies. This was followed by the easier extraction of honey and the re-use of combs.
1851 Langstroth hive
1860 Woodbury hive ( Exeter)
1866 T Cowan hive
1873 British Bee journal founded
1884 BBKA founded
1885 campaign by William Broughton Carr to promote extracted honey
1890 WBC hive details published.
A further surge of interest in Beekeeping occurred between the world wars. The National hive came in 1920 (preceded by the Economic and Simplicity hives) and in April 1932 Kidderminster branch was formed and the county committee hoped that it might be possible to form new branches at Evesham, Bromsgrove and a joint branch of Malvern and Worcester in the near future.
The Ministry Beekeeping Advisor Mr William Herrod Hempsall gave a lecture on ‘Prominent Apiaries and Beekeepers of Great Britain illustrated by cinema films’ at various venues, throughout the County. On Friday 10th Nov 1933 he gave the lecture at Prince Henry’s Grammar School Evesham, and the result of his visit was that a branch was formed at Evesham.
The NorthEast Worcestershire branch ( Bromsgrove) was flourishing in 1934, but I will need to do further research to discover the origins of Hagley and Stourbridge. A group of Gt Witley members who had been meeting as a sub group of Worcester city, hived off on their own in 1953, and the Tenbury and Redditch branches disappeared.
This leaves us with the current position of seven branches occupying the county of Worcestershire with a combined total membership of around 700.
Martyn Cracknell
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10500 Ulmerton Rd #360, Largo, FL 33771, USA
Suboxone Program
Cannabis Eligibility
The Weed Industry Is Burning Millions on DC Lobbyists and Getting Nowhere
Largo Clinic
April 25, 2019 / By admin / Posted in Medical Cannabis
In its quest to usher in a new world of legal profit where the global weed trade is no longer controlled by drug traffickers, the rapidly growing American cannabis industry is using a very old strategy: showering lobbyists with money and unleashing them on Congress.
In recent years, a growing number of recently formed cannabis trade groups have enlisted the services of former staffers for top Republicans and Democrats, now working at some of K Street’s most prominent lobbying firms, disclosure forms show. Cannabis lobbying groups are spending up to $60,000 a month apiece trying to win friends and persuade recalcitrant lawmakers to see their point of view.
The results, however, have been pretty paltry: Cannabis is still illegal nationwide, businesses still can’t bank or deduct expenses on their taxes like other merchants, and legitimate interstate cannabis commerce remains a distant dream. With few exceptions, bipartisan bills that would de-schedule the drug or give businesses tax relief are still withering in committee without hearings, let alone votes.
In other words, the new wave of spending hasn’t bought any results—even though President Donald Trump has reportedly said he’d sign a bill letting states freely legalize cannabis if Congress passes one, and even though Attorney General William Barr told Congress that he prefers cannabis reform to the current status quo.
Cannabis lobbyists point out that theirs is still a very young industry and the game in Washington is a long one. The first legal sale of commercial recreational cannabis was in January 2014, and even if an overwhelming majority of voters clearly want legalization, a corresponding shift in Congress will take time.
“We’re just doing what we’ve always done,” said Neal Levine, a former lobbyist with the legalization advocacy group Marijuana Policy Project who is now the executive director of the Cannabis Trade Federation (formerly named the “New Federalism Fund”).
In Washington, “we’re operating like every other industry out there,” hiring lobbyists with “subject-matter expertise” and the right connections, he added, “except that we’ve got federal issues that nobody else shares.”
But so far, several Hill veterans told VICE, all the cannabis industry has been able to buy in Washington is an expensive lesson in how the Capitol works—and how little cannabis matters compared to other well-established business interests burning cash in DC.
One problem is that cannabis industry lobbyists aren’t beloved by either side of the aisle, for different reasons. Despite cannabis’s potential in the marketplace, consistently estimated in the tens of billions of dollars, most weed-friendly lawmakers—nearly all of whom are Democrats—would rather meet with representatives from established legalization advocacy groups rather than hired guns on retainer from the for-profit industry. In key Congressional offices, the “suits” are greeted with deep suspicion and given a brush-off, several Hill staffers said.
And long-tenured Senate Republicans, whose support or at least neutrality will be required for any major cannabis reform bills to make it through Congress, are not meeting with anyone from the industry at all.
The response to lobbyists, no matter who they are, is “completely negative from Senate Republicans over the age of 65,” said one Hill veteran working on the issue. (Several sources contacted for this story requested anonymity in order to speak freely and not compromise their relationships on Capitol Hill.)
In a way, what’s going on in Washington mirrors results from cannabis lobbying efforts at the state level.
Up until recently, spreading money around at state legislatures rather than in DC was a smarter strategy for the cannabis industry. The effect of these payoffs can be seen in states like Illinois and Ohio, where a few very well capitalized companies enjoy limited competition for market space—and have made themselves attractive targets for hundred-million-dollar buyouts—thanks to state laws that cap the number of dispensaries and cultivation centers. And in Illinois, where new Governor J.B. Pritzker made a campaign promise to legalize cannabis, those companies are now lobbying state lawmakers to keep the cap in place.
But there is growing recognition among Democrats, especially Democrats of color, that the cannabis industry is about profits first. Promises of social justice and racial equity successfully used to sell legalization are now looked upon with suspicion as a hollow and cynical sales pitch.
“They thought we were going to trust that at the end of the day, these communities would be invested in. But that’s not something I want to trust,” New York State Assembly Leader Cheryl Peoples-Stokes, the first black woman to lead the state legislature, told the New York Times in March. Peoples-Stokes warned she and other lawmakers would only support legalization if such a bill guaranteed benefits for low-income communities of color. “If it’s not required in the statute, then it won’t happen,” she said.
Doubts about the industry’s commitment to social justice were deepened by ham-fisted attempts at power moves. Last year, the New York State Medical Cannabis Industry Association sent a memo to Governor Andrew Cuomo arguing New Yorkers shouldn’t be allowed to grow their own cannabis at home, unlike adults in other states.
Cuomo appeared to listen to the industry. The governor proposed banning home cultivation in his short-lived legalization proposal while promising that equity components, such as guaranteed benefits for drug-war victims, would come later. It was a blunder. As Peoples-Stokes promised, the industry-first, reparations-later proposal was abandoned for lack of support. Similar opposition recently blocked a legalization proposal in New Jersey.
While industry lobbying may yet grant cannabis businesses banking rights, including those few businesses owned by minorities, “we need to ensure that equity and social justice elements are included in ALL cannabis policy,” Shanita Penny, the president of the board of the Minority Cannabis Business Association, told VICE in an email.
Such sentiments are shared by members of Congress. As VICE News first reported, New Jersey Senator Cory Booker recently pulled his support from Elizabeth Warren’s STATES Act, which cannabis lobbying firms report spending much of their time advocating for, in favor of a social justice–centric bill called the Marijuana Justice Act.
Cosponsored by key cannabis-friendly lawmakers like Congresswoman Barbara Lee—who represents Oakland, California, one of the few jurisdictions that has an “equity” law—the bill is the first at the federal level that would require businesses to invest in black and brown communities devastated by the drug war that have thus far not enjoyed economic benefits under legalization.
This is putting the suits, for whom the STATES Act was the best thing going even as critics said it would largely preserve the inequalities in state cannabis law, in a difficult position. “If you poo-poo the Marijuana Justice Act, Barbara Lee is not going to want to talk to you,” one lobbyist said.
Traditional Republican-friendly talking points—jobs, states’ rights, libertarianism—also aren’t necessarily effective when it comes to selling cannabis bills.
“It took us a long time to get where we are,” said Justin Strekal, NORML’s Hill lobbyist. Strekal also pointed out that the “marijuana industry” doesn’t work as a metonym and is not as powerful as it might think. “There is no monolith of industry,” he said. “And ‘the industry,’ writ large, pales in comparison to the economic power of the nail polish industry.”
“It’s not like energy or healthcare or something like that,” said Michael Collins, a lobbyist with the Drug Policy Alliance who has been working on cannabis on Capitol Hill for six years. “What wins members [of Congress] over isn’t, ‘Hey, we’re creating jobs,’ or ‘Hey, we’re creating tax revenue.’ We’re not at that level yet. What wins the day on the Democratic side is social justice, and the industry doesn’t necessarily make that argument.”
Cannabis lobbyists are realizing that the advocacy bona fides enjoyed by social justice–oriented reform groups, like NORML and the George Soros-funded Drug Policy Alliance, actually mean something.
“The industry is spending millions on lobbying at the federal level, mostly on the banking issue,” said Dan Riffle, a former lobbyist with the Marijuana Policy Project who now serves as a senior policy advisor to New York Congresswoman Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez.
The industry spending easily eclipses what the traditional advocacy groups can spend, Riffle said, but “the industry is paying guys who don’t give a shit about this issue beyond the money, so they mostly don’t do anything.”
And yet the money keeps rolling in, with no sign of stopping.
According to lobbying disclosure records, a handful of cannabis trade groups spent $1.3 million lobbying Congress last year. Based on initial filings, spending in 2019 will easily surpass that amount.
In the past month, two new trade groups—the Global Alliance for Cannabis Commerce and the National Cannabis Roundtable—have filed registration papers. In addition to banking and tax reform, major cannabis businesses want to be able to ship vast oversupplies of cannabis from states suffering price crashes like Oregon to states like Louisiana, where medical weed is technically legal but not widely available.
Recently hired guns enlisted by the cannabis industry to woo their former bosses and colleagues include Nadeam Elshami, a former chief of staff for current House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, now at Brownstein Hyatt Farber Schreck, and David Schnittger, a former deputy chief of staff for ex-Speaker John Boehner now at Squire Patton Boggs, according to records.
Both of those firms consistently rank among the top revenue-generating lobbying outfits in Washington. And certain players in cannabis have shown no compunction about enlisting erstwhile enemies to help their cause. (Representatives from both firms who lobby on cannabis did not respond to phone messages and emails seeking comment.)
The most prominent flip-flopper on cannabis is almost certainly Boehner, a conservative who last year joined the board of Acreage Holdings, an upstart cannabis firm based in the US that Canadian juggernaut Canopy Growth Fund recently announced it planned to acquire.
Last fall, Boehner appeared on an infomercial for would-be players on the volatile stock market for cannabis. And as the the Hill reported earlier this year, Boehner, who joined Squire Patton Boggs, is also chairing the National Cannabis Roundtable and taking meetings with lawmakers on cannabis.
According to disclosure forms, NCR billed $45,000 through the first three months of 2019, all of it in support of the SAFE Banking Act, which would clarify that major financial institutions would not be forced to reject cannabis merchants’ business, meaning those merchants would be able to make deposits and pay taxes electronically or with checks instead of with massive piles of robbery-welcoming cash.
And despite the tobacco industry’s terrible reputation and the zeal of legalization advocates to distance cannabis from an addictive and deadly substance, one trade group—the Cannabis Trade Federation—earlier this year hired veteran tobacco industry lobbyist Cassie Folk as their vice president of federal policy. Folk’s past clients have included the National Confectioners Association and tobacco giant Reynolds American, according to disclosure filings and her LinkedIn profile.
Folk did not agree to an interview, but CTF’s Levine, who hired her, said that her addition “had nothing to do tobacco” but her entire resume. At the same time, “while our product is far different from tobacco, from a regulatory and a lobbying standpoint, there is a lot of subject-matter expertise that applies to our industry,” he allowed.
The hire is raising some eyebrows as it is part of a wider trend as well as an I told you so moment among old-school cannabis heads, for whom a tobacco industry takeover is an ancient and well-trod conspiracy theory—that is at least partially coming true.
In December, Altria Group, the parent company of Marlboro, made a $1.4 billion investment in Cronos, a Canadian marijuana company, while also quietly patenting dozens of devices that experts said could be used to vaporize cannabis. And in late 2016, before California, Nevada, Maine, and Massachusetts legalized recreational cannabis, Boehner joined Reynolds American’s board of directors.
“I don’t think anyone is going to listen to the lobbyists.”
Tobacco lobbyists are also not the best look in a Capitol Hill meeting with a social-justice-minded lawmaker, and thus perhaps a strategic blunder for the cannabis industry that’s also throwing money at former Hill staffers who can’t deliver and may not even be really trying.
“How much can the lobbyists actually do?” asked Matt Kumin, a California-based cannabis attorney who recently spoke at the Cannabis Dealmakers Summit. “We have so many people in so many positions of mainstream life saying, ‘It’s time to fix it.’ I don’t think anyone is going to listen to the lobbyists. It will be the governors, or the bankers, or the Chamber of Commerce,” he added. “Anyone taking money from people to go do something in Washington better be very clear with the client exactly what they think they can accomplish.”
“Cannabis Trade Federation is funny,” another lobbyist said. “I used to think that they were the worst expenditure of money in policy in cannabis—since they are the functional equivalent of lighting money on fire—and then National Cannabis Roundtable came around.”
If the industry is having an easier time getting meetings on Capitol Hill than before its spending flurry—and by most accounts from people VICE spoke to, it is—it’s not because of Republican connections or the money they are spending. It’s because the public is coming around. But as the industry struggles to translate that widespread support and success legalizing marijuana via ballot initiatives into concrete policy victories at the federal level, its big-spending approach is lining the pockets of K Street and, so far, not much else.
“You don’t need 25 lobbyists,” one Hill veteran said. “You need six good lobbyists with resources, a solid shop, and a good strategy behind them.” Until the cannabis industry grasps this reality, cannabis will be very good for Capitol Hill—but not necessarily vice versa.
Chris Roberts is a freelance reporter based in New York City.
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A few oddities
The Complete Mystery of Madeleine McCann™ :: Team McCann :: McCann Case - a calculated hoax?
Page 5 of 8 • 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Re: A few oddities
by LG78 on 22.08.11 9:05
Marian wrote: Maybe it's too early in the day for me but surely it was the wooden external shutters that were repaired? They were the ones which were famously quoted as being "jemmied" open by the "abductor" before it was proved that they weren't. I've not heard any mention of the Venetian blind type until now.
It is to early for you lol :)
The venetian blind was just an example to me to explain the word Blinds :) The translate doesnt tell wich blinds where fixed, I just assumed the where the ones in the childrens bedroom..? Anyway, my question was, why did they fix them on the May 1th? And why did they have to instruct the mccanns on how to use washingmachine?
Shutters and wash day blues
by Guest on 22.08.11 9:50
I only know that the shutters were repaired on 1st May; there is a maintenance report of some sort on this site but I don't think that it provided exact details of what was wrong. As for the washing machine, well that's something I probably would have needed help with too.
May I ask what country you hail from LG78? I always find it interesting to hear how people outside the United Kingdom came to hear about the McCann case.
@LG78 wrote:
It was the blinds in Gerry & Kate's bedroom that were fixed
http://www.mccannpjfiles.co.uk/PJ/LUIS-FERRO.htm
by Gillyspot on 22.08.11 10:04
Molly wrote:
I agree LG78 why the 1st of May. Your attachment was a requisition for work which would have been made out when the request was made by the McCanns I presume. So why wait till the 1st for this and also to be taught how to use the washing machine (I still find it hard to believe anyone needs instruction on that though unless Kate thought well while the men are here I will ask them - but why no washing earlier if washing was to be done)
Gillyspot
by Guest on 22.08.11 10:08
It was the pull handle that was broken used to open the external shutters from the inside, they cannot be opened from the outside. The shutters were fixed in the McCanns bedroom..............
TRANSLATION BY INES
Processos Vol III Pages 532-534
03_VOLUME_IIIa_Page_632
MISSING PAGE
Witness Statement
Mario Domingos Moreira
Occupation: Handyman
Place of Work: OC
His services had been requested because the shutters in the bedroom at the back of the apartment, facing the Tapas restaurant were damaged and with the aim of providing the mother with instructions regarding the operation of the washing machine. When asked, he said that the damage to the blinds was centred on the pull-handle, limiting their opening. He says that this kind of damage is quite frequent, given the fact of the need for some initial force to raise the shutter, sometimes associated with a lack of knowledge of the mechanism on the part of some of the tourists, who keep applying force, contrary to what is required, and which results in the violent destruction of the respective handles.
http://www.mccannpjfiles.co.uk/PJ/MARIO_MOREIRA.htm
by pauline on 22.08.11 10:15
re the washing machine, I am technically challenged. I can work my own but other peoples, i would always ask them. On holiday, I have often had washing machines that challenged me but my husband is not so challenged and can always help.
At the beginning of the holiday, you wouldn't have dirty washing. I wouldn't normally do washing on holiday - certainly not for a week. I'd bring enough. And it was early season and not hot so you wouldn't have sweaty clothes. But we are all different and some people might wash on holiday for a week. We know that she washed something that had a small tea stain, and she washed curtains. Now I have never washed curtains on holiday in my life, but as i said we are all different!
Personally, I dont think debate on the finer points of the washing machine in the apartment, is relevant.
by LG78 on 22.08.11 10:31
May I ask what country you hail from LG78? I always find it interesting to hear how people outside the United Kingdom came to hear about the McCann case.[/quote]
Im from Norway :) Heard about it in the news , and I followed the case,..I dont think we have the truth, if we did so many wouldnt feel different, To much strange things beeing done and said I think...
@LG78 wrote: Anyone know why it was so important for them to have apartments as close as possible to the eachothers?
Out of all the friends they are the onlyone specifaying in their booking that they want aparments as cloce as possible to eachother...
[url=http://www.mccannpjfiles.co.uk/P2/02_VOLUME_IIa_Page_335.jpg
http://www.mccannpjfiles.co.uk/P2/02_VOLUME_IIa_Page_335.jpg[/quote[/url]]
Hi LG78
Matt Oldfiled says something about this, I will see if I can find it.
According to Matt Oldfield, they were going to share child care at night. With someone missing every night, they probably did.
From Matt Oldfield's Rogatory interview:
And it was one of the things that made us think, maybe we shouldn't go, because when we were trying to book, it said it's a village, it's not enclosed, it's sort of apartments throughout the village and there isn't a baby listening service and we can't guarantee that you'll be together, because I think there were three centres, there's one up by the Millennium, there's one Ocean Club and then there was the one near the main entrance, and so we were concerned that if one member of the group, we were all going, oh perhaps we'll be the Billy no mates, the really unpopular ones will get stuck at the Millennium and we won't be able to, we won't be able to go out and visit our friends because we're not going to leave to go and see them and we won't be able to share child care and so it would be fairly difficult and it was a big issue because they couldn't guarantee, the couldn't allocate the rooms for us and they said it'll have to wait until you get in the resort but in the end it was sort of quite quiet and so they sort of could stick us really close together. I can't remember why I started talking about that?"
Stella wrote: According to Matt Oldfield, they were going to share child care at night. With someone missing every night, they probably did.
So they had planes to have child care then? Since that obviouse was a big thing conserning the booking? And then they suddenly changed their mind to not wanting strangers to look after them? Doesn't make sence at all..
Matt slips up again later on just after the alarm is raised, by saying that he had to go 'up' to check on his daughter. But Matt had an apartment on the ground floor. This to me suggests that ALL of the children were already upstairs and the only apartment upstairs was the Payne's one. Which would also explain why David, Fiona and Dianne did not rush off immediately to make sure all of their children were still there.
by pennylane on 22.08.11 16:46
Stella wrote: Matt slips up again later on just after the alarm is raised, by saying that he had to go 'up' to check on his daughter. But Matt had an apartment on the ground floor. This to me suggests that ALL of the children were already upstairs and the only apartment upstairs was the Payne's one. Which would also explain why David, Fiona and Dianne did not rush off immediately to make sure all of their children were still there.
Hi Stella,
Could be a figure of speech because it was a slight uphill walk from the Tapas bar to the apartment? As in 'going down to the shops' or 'up to the pub.'
pennylane
by Daisy on 22.08.11 21:48
@tigger wrote:
@Daisy wrote:
Like Stella, I don't believe that the five staff are all liars/mistaken either. The girl on reception remembered them having breakfast there on at least 3 occasions; she describes the family, she remembered Madeleine being shy, cuddling her father, why on earth would she make this up?
Well, you see, that's where I have a problem. Maddie is described as anything but shy. 'giving her tuppence worth' and 'a screamer' and 'that girl could throw a tantrum', etc. mostly quotes from family.
So what I'm thinking is the same stand-in they used off and on all week. Perhaps Ella who can easily pass for Maddie, who was afraid of water one day, when Maddie loved water, according to Kate.
Or simply, that they did have breakfast at the flat. Breakfast doesn't exactly break the bank, bit of juice, coffee and cereal.
Otherwise, I see no problem either with the witnesses mistaking other clients for the McCanns. If only one of them thinks it's the McCanns, the others would naturally concur. I would, in that position, busy waitressing, noisy children.
Either way, I don't think if this is a lie, it is particularly important. Unless it is simply that Kate wants to draw our attention to her motherly person, looking after the children, etc. Or she want to re enforce her earlier statement that the Millenium was so much bother and so far away and the NO Buggies statement. I really don't think this bit is important.
Either they used a stand-in at the Millenium and this is just belts and braces, saying they weren't there. Just in case someone has a photograph or some other proof that the girl everyone thought was Maddie, turns out to be someone else's child.
I do think the silence about Chaplin's is important. It's right next to the church. The very church they had to ask the policeman to point out to them.
I agree that the witness statement I refer to doesn't describe the 'Madeleine' that almost everyone else does: "Madeleine was very shy and did not respond to her... Madeleine appeared to be very attached to her father and was always clinging on to him" No it doesn't sound like the same child at all. So, your theory that it could have been another child makes sense to me.
Cecilia Paula Dias Firmino do Carmo wasn't distacted 'busy waitressing noisy children' though tigger. She was employed as a Public Relations worker, to greet guests on their way into breakfast at the Millenium. It was her job to familiarise herself with the guests and their children. Now, whilst I can understand if she got 'look-a- like' children mixed up, I can't understand how she could mistake a whole family? Surely she was shown photographs of the McCanns to indentify them when giving her statement? None of the other adults resemble Gerry or Kate. Also, they were apparently the only family with 3 very young children, and twins! - even easier to recall.
Cecilia only worked at the breakfast slot (apart from weds evening when she recieved guest for a BBQ). Breakfast was only served at the Millenium. How else would she have know the McCanns if she hadn't seen them at breakfast? The one day they claimed to have eaten there, she wasn't on duty.
KM also makes a point of discrediting this witness account in her book. Note how she then cheekily uses this to justify 'conflicting recollections' of Murat and her tapas friends.
p.326 “A
member of staff at…the Millennium restaurant…said she saw us there
every morning having breakfast with the children. She described in
detail what a nice family we were and what a lovely relationship we had
with Madeleine …but we weren’t there. We had breakfast in the Millennium
only once, on our first morning…As I read these statements, it became
slightly less baffling to me that Robert Murat and the witnesses who
said they saw him on the night Madeleine was taken could all be so
certain of their conflicting recollections”.
“Before you criticize someone, you should walk a mile in their shoes. That way when you criticize them, you are a mile away from them and you have their shoes.”
“And those who were seen dancing were thought to be insane by those who could not hear the music.”
― Friedrich Nietzsche
Location : Yorkshire, England
And still she believes Jane Tanner ?
She not only believes JT she has had here own "reconstruction" of the events. From the Sun
"Desperate Kate also revealed she has turned amateur detective during return visits to the resort where her ordeal began in 2007. There she tries to get into the mind of the abductor.
She revealed: "I look at the apartment, I kind of step into that person's shoes - and I think, 'Where did you go?'
"I think it was someone who knew our movements. I don't think someone was passing by chance and took a child.
"I find it helpful, trying to work things out. I just want to try to understand it. I'm probably wasting my time but I just have this need to do it."
Kate got a friend to re-enact a sighting of a man holding a child, crossing the road near the apartment on the night Madeleine disappeared. The sighting was by Jane Tanner, one of the group holidaying with the McCanns. Kate said: "I got my friend to walk across the road at night. I said to her, 'I can see exactly what you're wearing'.
"Jane has been almost discredited, with people saying she couldn't have seen this person.
"But there are street lights there, you CAN see things."
As she stood on the same spot, Kate understood why Jane was feeling tormented because she had not challenged the man. Kate said: "She was actually quite close. I felt I could almost reach and stop him, could have saved Madeleine."
Of course Kate. We believe you LOL
http://www.thesun.co.uk/sol/homepage/news/3568228/FOR-the-first-time-since-she-went-missing-Kate-McCann-opened-the-door-to-Madeleines-pretty-pink-bedroom-at-their-home-and-peeped-in.html
Another little oddity. No wonder they stopped Philemena giving interviews, she was always putting her foot in it.
"Kate and Gerry are loving parents; they tried so hard to have children. They had to undergo
IVF; Kate had difficult pregnancies."
Philomena McCann, BBC Radio interview with Nicky Campbell: http://www.mccannfiles.com/id250.html
“It was a really uncomplicated pregnancy. I had no sickness, nothing. It was
so easy. I swam every day until the day she was born, to keep us both
healthy..."
Kate McCann http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article2199226.ece
@pennylane wrote:
I had thought about that pennylane, but if you read the previous sentence to that comment, you will see that he was already outside apartment 5a with everyone else at the time, which means he had already reached the apartments. That can only mean one thing. When he thought of 'up', it can only have been an upper apartment. The only other reason to explain this, is that it is all made up and he cocked up.
According to Fiona, they all got a 2 bedroom apartment. Which means Matt was not in G5B anyway.
by pennylane on 23.08.11 9:11
Stella wrote:
Stella wrote: Matt slips up again later on just after the alarm is raised, by saying that he had to go 'up' to check on his daughter.But Matt had an apartment on the ground floor. This to me suggests that ALL of the children were already upstairs and the only apartment upstairs was the Payne's one. Which would also explain why David, Fiona and Dianne did not rush off immediately to make sure all of their children were still there.
Good morning Stella, I favour your latter example.
I see what you mean, it is not a description one would normally use in such close proximity. However, since what they say is (imo) all fiction.... they tend to waffle a lot and over-egg their descriptions in attempt to give them more validity. Just look at all the hand movements and head bobbing from Kate; and Jane Tanner's ever changing, ever evolving story of the 'swarthy man.' I realise you feel differently, but it is my opinion that this was last minute planning that went pear shaped. Though I believe they are hiding premises or persons they associated with during the earlier part of the week.
by pauline on 23.08.11 9:15
@Daisy wrote: Another little oddity. No wonder they stopped Philemena giving interviews, she was always putting her foot in it.
A really sickening article in the Sunday Times.
the tapas bar is now only '20 metres' away. She found Madeleine missing at 9 pm (!). And she says how happy Madeleine was in the childrens club and mentions some activities. yet she wouldn't consider leaving her children with these strangers(nannies) who were making her children happy in the day, giving the McCanns the chance to play tennis for hours and go jogging.
A thought. Philomena may be telling the truth as she knows it. Her information about the pregnancy and about other matters (eg smashed shutters) comes from Kate and Gerry. We know that they are not always truthful.
About this swimming up to the day she gave birth, does anyone know if this is possible? I cant swim so obviously I didn't swim with my pregnancies but I would have thought that swimming in the last couple of weeks of a pregnancy would be somewhat impractical.
Some people exagerate everything, and sometimes they dont realise how inaccurate they are. Some just lie to get attention. A few very minor things may have been described to Phil as a 'terrible pregnancy'. A close relative of mine had an IVF pregnancy last year and the actual pregnancy was relatively smooth. Her big issue was the constant worry that the pregnancy wouldn't last long enough for the baby to be viable. Kate doesn't seem to have that worry.
Yes it was difficult getting through this article (can't blame The Sun this time either) without an overwhelming sick feeling. The invented quotes from Madeleine about having the best day ever were in place even then and I can't imagine two-year-old Amelie saying "I miss my sister".
As for swimming in late pregnancy, I have no experience of that myself but could it be similar to someone who is naturally obese? I have known people whose size restricts their life in many ways but swimming is something that they can still do.
by Newintown on 23.08.11 13:21
[[size=12]quote="LG78"]
I remember when Madeleine first went missing, I think it was the 2nd or 3rd day, that the whole family went into breakfast (must have been the Millennium) with hundreds of the World's press following on behind. Kate's explanation was that "she wanted to keep things as normal as possible for the twins", so they must have been used to having breakfast at the Millennium.
This was when I started to have doubts about the whole "abduction" story, it didn't seem normal, that your daughter goes missing, then a day or two after you're walking into breakfast as if nothing has happened, with hundreds of people with cameras and microphones following. Her excuse was to use the twins, just as if they would care at barely 2 years old where they had their breakfast as long as they got some.
The McCanns looked as if they were enjoying every moment being pursued by the World's press, that's why I've queried everything they've done and said since then. They certainly didn't look like grief-stricken parents.
Newintown
Did kate really wash the curtains
by Juulcy on 11.09.11 22:10
i tried to find were the evidence is that Kate washed the curtains in app 5? If that is true it is really damning. Who does that on holiday???
Juulcy
@Juulcy wrote: i tried to find were the evidence is that Kate washed the curtains in app 5? If that is true it is really damning. Who does that on holiday???
This from Joana's site........................
[snipped]
Blood on the curtains
Later at the Ocean Club, the use of the dogs ended up triggering a turnaround in the investigation.
As Sol could discover, the dogs detected cadaver odour behind a couch in the apartment’s living room, close to a window that leads to the resort’s back area.
This window had curtains that were removed and analysed by police, and a small blood sample was detected. Both the curtains and the wall where it was located at, had been washed.
http://joana-morais.blogspot.com/2008/01/madeleine-mccann-facts-in-beginning.html
by jd on 12.09.11 0:05
candyfloss wrote: Both the curtains and the wall where it was located at, had been washed.[/i]
Lets be real here....who ever washes walls and curtains in a holiday apartment, I mean come on
And who takes the very same clothes they wore to deal with dead bodies on holiday with them....I wasn't born yesterday. McCanns, please do not try to insult mine and others intelligence
Who pulled the strings?...THE SYMINGTONS..And the Scottish connections...Look no further if you dare
by PeterMac on 12.09.11 7:55
@jd wrote:
Quite so. I used to have a holiday apartment in Nerja. The curtains were washed at the end of the season as part of the general "autumn cleaning" ritual - but not by me. the girls who did the laundry just aded them to the rest of the stuff.
It anyone HAD wanted the curtains washed, for perfectly proper reasons of spillage, soiling by children and so on, they would simply have told the girls, or the agent, and it would have been done within 24 hours.
Ditto the walls. If you are in a rented apartment you don't do these things yourself, you point at them when the cleaners come, and they do it.
The "same clothes", is simply not true. It was a desperate attempt by a family member to explain away the cadaver smell, which has backfired, like so many of the family's pronouncements.
It is also extremely unlikely that KM dealt with any dead bodies in the run up to the holiday. She was a part time GP, and they deal with people who walk into the surgery. In fact GP's 'deal' with very few dead bodies. Police and ambulance do most of the handling. A GP may be called to pronounce life extinct, which does not often involve physical touching, but merely the use of a Stethoscope. If they do need to touch, they would wear rubber gloves, and make sure they didn't get any other contamination on them. They do have to return to the surgery, and carry on dealing with the living, so that is of the utmost importance.
In any event the number of deaths in that practice in the week leading up to the holiday is a matter of public record.
PeterMac
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Javier Barden plays Uxbal, who gets jobs for immigrants for a fee. At the start of the film we see Uxbal talking to his Dad in a snowy forest. He’s talking about owls spitting out fur balls. Then he talks with his daughter about a ring. Uxbal is diagonised with a terminal illness, he has only a few months to live. Uxbal is also involved in illegal activities among immigrants, we see the police rounding up some African immigrants. He provides bad heating for the Chinese immigrants and they die from the cheap gas. Uxbal is also a psychic who sees the dead and is paid to tell grieving relatives what the deceased is saying. He has a wife who is an alcoholic and suffers from depression, he takes his two kids from her. He and his brother exhume their father’s corpse and have it cremated, they need the money from his plot. Uxbal seeks advice from a fellow psychic and prepares for death. At the end of the film we are back at the snowy forest and the dead owl.
Maybe it’s me being horribly cynical, but this film gets up my nose and then gives me a pain in the neck. Recently there was an article on arthouse films and one journalist jokingly said that any film in Spanish is considered arty, especially when it’s got Penelope Cruz in it, or in this case Javier Bardem. Sitting through this film felt like being in a UN workshop: ‘here’s a film about me helping out the poor in Barcelona’. Inarritu, who directed this film is the guy who did 21 Grams, as you would expect, he’s hairy and wears a leather jacket. He is the thinking person’s Danny Boyle, without the hectic split screen or rock music, but he does have soulful shots of the Barcelona skyline (with the Sagrada Familia cathedral in tasteful silhouette), the mandatory guitar solos, the soulful piano music. We also get shots of the chattering classes’ favourite martyrs: the immigrants living in poverty, overcrowded Chinese. I half expected a Pablo Nerudo poem to make us sob. This is coffee table poverty for the smart set, the sort who get to know the Vickys and Christinas of this world in Barcelona. This is poverty-ridden Barcelona for those who visit the tourist bits so they can wallow in their arty concern for the downtrodden. I bet the actors and film company sat in an arty studio around a barbed wire coffee table swapping solemnities and concerns for the poor. No doubt somebody had a Miro on the wall. The film waves its camera under the nose of poverty in the most self congratulatory manner. It gave us overhead shots of the slummy areas of Barcelona, how very arty, darling.
Uxbal ‘helps’ and exploits immigrants from China and Senegal but when his negligence leads to the deaths by asphyxiation of some 30 Chinese immigrants he seeks absolution from his psychic chum instead of turning himself in on a manslaughter charge. Well, he’s dying anyway so we get terminal illness chic to add to the poverty, so he’s a good egg anyway, isn’t he? No he isn’t, he’s a petty criminal making easy money from a desperate underclass.. We get a scene where Chinese immigrants are washed up dead on a beach, that’ll make a good poster won’t it?
Uxbal’s wife is called Maransra and naturally she’s dysfunctional, she thinks she’s interestingly tasty. She thinks she’s a gypsy, she boozes, she takes drugs and she glories in being a feckless mother. She has sullen arguments with Uxbal and chucks her wedding ring at him, naturally, she’s one of Hollywood’s favourite house pets: the passionate Mediterranean woman. She is also bi-polar of course, what self respecting member of the coffee table slums wouldn’t own up to a colourful mental disorder? She flounces around, proud in her human wreckage status. She acts like a baby woman, not even bothering with the hygienic essentials in a poverty ridden house. This woman has obviously been to the ‘Penelope Cruz Academy for trashing Javier Bardem’s oil paintings in arty films’. Maramsra is obviously frustrated that Uxbal is a mere psychic rather than a painter whose works she can sell or trash.
There are some vivid scenes in this film which no doubt the broadsheet critics will call “poetic” and “elegiac”. No director who wants to be considered arty can possibly avoid succumbing to the stereotypes of metaphor. Here we get the wintry landscape where Uxbal meets his dad and we get arty stuff about dead owls and he makes onomatopoeic noises of the sea and wind. Ooh-er, pass me the poetry book.
Uxbal is too much the orthodox beloved of contemporary values: he’s fiercely protective of his family and will kill his brother if the said brother gets near his kids. Perhaps this is the film giving Uxbal absolution. It will appeal to the arty liberal mentality from which pluralist monoculturalism has grown: don’t judge, just try to look and understand. I think there could be a good dissertation on the infantilization of cinema since the Second World War. We seem to be steeped in a narcosis of adolescent posturing in films like this. Unlike Haneke, Innarritu seems unfazed by our easy vicarious enjoyment of shameful social reality, he opportunistically feeds it while we gratify ourselves on the patience of our intelligent perception. The very alienness of poverty to the affluent makes it colourful of course, we can surf it like sociologists.
The scene at the cemetery when they take out their father’s corpse is quite weirdly vivid, it looks like a ghostly vision all stark blue and white and makes me forget the general crassness. It’s quite a riveting scene.
The title of the film is cute and coy, it comes from Uxbal’s daughters’ misspelling of the word ‘beautiful’ and gave me a clue what to expect; well heeled artists tripping through art studio poverty.
Posted by jkinsleyfilm on May 20, 2011 in Film Reviews, Oscar Nominated, World cinema
Tags: 2010, Alejandro Gonzalez Inarritu, Barcelona, Biutiful, CHeikh Ndiaye, Chinese, Daff, Disryatou, Eduard Fernandez, film, Guillerma Estrella, Hannaa Bouchaib, immigrants, Inarritu, J Kinsley, Javier Barden, Marcel Alvarez, poverty, review, Sagrada Familia cathedral, Taisheng Cheng
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Bizarre, Criminal law, Politics July 24, 2016 July 22, 2018
Debbie Wasserman Schultz Takes The Fall. Clinton Rewards Her Loyalty With A New Position
By Darren Smith, Weekend Contributor
As many of us expected, Democratic National Committee Chairwoman Debbie Wasserman Schultz fell on the sword after leaked e-mail revealed she and other DNC officials rigged the system to hurt Candidate Bernie Sanders’ campaign as a competitor to Hillary Clinton. Wasserman Schultz’ self “sacrifice”, if you can call it that, along with unwavering loyalty was quickly rewarded by Clinton appointing Wasserman Schultz to serve as her “Honorary” Chair of Clinton’s 50 State Program to help elect Democrats throughout the United States.
Really? The very person who was implicated in a plan to rig a primary election to favor a particular candidate is now placed in a leadership role to help elect other politicians. And, adding to this, the appointment came as a personal reward for deflecting the blame away from the presidential Candidate that received the benefit of such rigging.
It is just another example of the cronyism and corruption that is becoming increasingly self-evident with the practices of Hillary Clinton.
The following is a statement from Hillary Clinton:
Hillary Clinton Statement on the Resignation of Democratic National Committee Chair Debbie Wasserman Schultz
Following today’s resignation of Debbie Wasserman Schultz from her role as Chair of the Democratic National Committee, Hillary Clinton issued the following statement:
“I want to thank my longtime friend Debbie Wasserman Schultz for her leadership of the Democratic National Committee over the past five years. I am grateful to Debbie for getting the Democratic Party to this year’s historic convention in Philadelphia and I know that this week’s events will be a success thanks to her hard work and leadership. There’s simply no one better at taking the fight to the Republicans than Debbie–which is why I am glad that she has agreed to serve as an honorary chair of my campaign’s 50-state program to gain ground and elect Democrats in every part of the country, and will continue to serve as a surrogate for my campaign nationally, in Florida and other key states. I look forward to campaigning with Debbie in Florida and helping her in her re-election bid–because as President, I will need fighters like Debbie in Congress who are ready on day one to get to work for the American people.”
I might disagree that we need more politicians in Congress who are willing to harm the democratic election process in order to favor particular candidates approving to Hillary Clinton.
Looking at the larger picture, are we as citizens truly wanting to elect a president who has shown the complicity and willingness to disenfranchise others who might choose to run for office? Or worse, a president who will reward those showing such blind loyalty, that they are willing to break laws and rules to serve whatever ends might benefit the president personally.
Hillary Clinton’s appointment of Wasserman Schultz after all that has been revealed so far shows that persons having no integrity to support a fair election process serves as a good predictor as to what we can expect in her upcoming appointments to both cabinet positions or others under the purview of a president.
As an aside to the email leak scandal, The Clinton campaign is now accusing the Russian Government of meddling in the election process of the United States by being the ones responsible for obtaining the DNC email. Well, I can say that the emails so far released have been truthful, regardless of the source. Meddling in the truth, how unsporting in today’s politics. Yet it seems rather hypocritical to accuse the Russians trying to influence an American election as spoken from the same political party leadership that sought to influence an election to kick Bernie Sanders to the curb and anoint Hillary Clinton as the party favorite.
Voters? It does not seem to matter what they want.
But we cannot forget the home-brew secret email server Hillary Clinton hosted in her home under the watchful eye of some mom-and-pop computer store caliber security expert. She insists that there was no evidence that a foreign state hacked into her secretive clintonemail.com domain but the DNC servers were certainly hacked by the Russian Government.
Apparently, more leaked DNC email is forthcoming.
By Darren Smith
The views expressed in this posting are the author’s alone and not those of the blog, the host, or other weekend bloggers. As an open forum, weekend bloggers post independently without pre-approval or review. Content and any displays or art are solely their decision and responsibility.
Filed under: Debbie Wasserman Schultz, Democrats, Hillary Clinton, Rigged Elections
Can You Guess What These People Were Charged With?
Corpse Left For Three Days In Hungry Jack Restaurant Bathroom
71 thoughts on “Debbie Wasserman Schultz Takes The Fall. Clinton Rewards Her Loyalty With A New Position”
Sandi Hemming says:
For you info, there is a book coming out about things the WWII veterans said. Brokaw’s “The Greatest Generation” told us they came back, went to work, and didn’t discuss it with their families. Well, I see history being revised by this book. At least Brokaw is still around to give the author a good tongue lashing.
@steve
thanks for the kind words. I am on the same page as far “It’s really difficult for me to even talk to a Democrat any longer. They saddled that horse. They can ride it” I will go further and say I look forward to the demise of that party.
Steve Groen says:
Autumn, I’ll go one further, too.
I see this presidential election as being offered fine dining at either of two five-star hotels.
Both hotels are located in Manhattan. The first hotel looks like the 44-story Goldman Sachs Tower at 200 West Street, NY, NY 10282. The second hotel looks the 68-story Trump Tower at 725 Fifth Avenue, NY, NY 10022.
The brochure arrives in the mail to show the two hotels and the ornate dining room with its fine china, crystal, and silver place settings on white linen cloth, a smiling, dapper waiter preparing a dessert over flame, table-side. All the accoutrements have been provided, and to encourage acceptance of the offer, air travel is to be provided at no cost.
The brochure goes on to show the single entrée at both hotels: human feces, the only difference between the two hotels’ preparation being that one is topped with maggots for color.
In my lifetime, I’ve eaten enough feces others were offering and the reasons they were offering it. I don’t eat others’ feces any more. Package it any way they like, have the stable of pundits rationalize it, but it’s still feces. And, only slaves will eat it.
peltonrandy says:
@slohrss29
I am not blindly supporting Hillary Clinton. I am aware of the fact that she is not the best Democrat or liberal progressive whom we liberal progressives could put in the White House. But she is the best choice from the field available to me. But her views on many issues are certainly closer to mine than any of the other choices, with the exception of Jill Stein. Donald Trump is a nightmare. Gary Johnson does not represent me on most issues. I have much in common with Jill Stein of the Green Party, but I am troubled by some of the Green Party’s positions on issues where scientific facts seem to be dismissed by them, such as GMOs. Also Jill Stein hasn’t a chance of being elected. A vote for her increases the chance of ending up with Trump as President. This is a chance I will not take.
The Peter Principle. You get promoted to your level of incompetence.
I found a more relaxing way to spend the evening other what watching political TV: admiring the work of an artist blessed with Tetrachromacy.
https://concettaantico.com/
will and mike in philly
I am not embarressed to admit that I watched Bernie tonite with tears in my eyes as he debased himself publically. And I noticed in the audience many others were crying as well. Because we honestly love the man and the message he brought out during his primary campaign. thanks to Bernie I am now connected with others across the nation who share the same visions of how we can, bit by bit, exact change.
So Bernie has left us but we hold him and his ideals in our hearts and will continue on. Jill is getting more donations than ever and I am urging people who live in states where she is not on the ballot to become involved to ensure she is on their ballots.
No way she can win of course, but it is a way to pull votes off HRC and to make a statement to the DNC and hopefully garner more support for the Green Party.
Bernie could have no finer tribute than what you’ve written, Autumn. He certainly stirred it up, and as we all saw you weren’t the only one with tears, and it’s easy to distinguish compassion from contrivance, isn’t it?
I wasn’t as emotional because I was with Jill all the way. My thinking from the start was that Bernie was smearing his own good character by sending his message through a tainted Establishment party. Further, he didn’t show much remorse from mowing the lawn in Gaza or voting for the omnibus bill that created credit default swaps. So, I was never really on board after learning more. I had envisioned a year ago seeing him and Zephyr Teachout in a Green Mountain Party. I have to say, in hindsight, he’s been a class act throughout the last year of being kicked around and beaten by the main stream. I’m sure he wanted to lash out, but he took the high road all the way, despite what Clinton and her DNC allies were doing.
I got a kick out of one blogger who wrote yesterday that he dreamed Bernie would wake up this morning after demanding a testosterone booster the day before, and the first words out of his mouth were f__k y_u!
It’s really difficult for me to even talk to a Democrat any longer. They saddled that horse. They can ride it.
Were much more informed now. We just need more smart people to dissent, peacefully. Now I see what Spain in the late ’30s was all about.
Nick Spinelli says:
BFM, Great comment. MSNBC is desperately interested in Putin allegedly hacking DNC emails but didn’t give a rat’s ass about him hacking our top secret emails on Hillary’s server. People see this partisan journalism and they will vote accordingly.
Autumn: Maybe another wave of donations will now shift to Jill after Bernie (not his message) flames out.
BFM and Nick. Agreed.!
@ steve
absolutely the Donald is less dangerous than HRC IMO. So, we need to help Canova win in FL in the meantime to make our collective statement against DWS and the DNC. And also get Jill on the ballot.
bigfatmike says:
Can you say Teflon?
One might have thought the news would be filled with stories about the bad acts of the DNC and how it relates to Clinton. Really? Wanna bet?
The news is filled with stories of the darned Russians that hacked all those emails that reveal the bad acts of the DNC, and created all those problems for the DNC.
Why that poor, poor Debbie Schulz lost her job and all those billionaires are pissed off.
And all because those but-insky Russians can’t mind their own business.
You’d think a national leader and his nation state would leave you alone and give you some peace and quiet if all you were doing is trying to steal a national election! Like he’s never done anything like that before.
But, nooooo! He has to go and spread it all around and try to make something out of it.
There’s a good reason we don’t like foreigners meddling in our elections. They make problems for the people who run things in this country.
Pingback: VIDEO List of Wikileaks DNC Email Dump – Chair New Job – Vice-Chair – Bernie Backers – Hispanics “Target Consumer” | Reclaim Our Republic
Robert Goudy says:
http://www.redstate.com/leon_h_wolf/2016/07/25/wikileaks-the-dnc-got-caught-doing-in-private-what-the-gop-openly-brags-about-doing/?utm_source=rsmorningbriefing&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=nl
Darren: Here is a comment from Red State Report that seems to be more balanced than your comment is.
Berners marching in Philly
http://www.realclearpolitics.com/video/2016/07/25/sanders_supporters_march_hell_no_dnc_we_wont_vote_for_hillary.html
A great site to keep up on what’s going on with Progressives in Philly:
https://www.philly.fyi/
Tim Black and Jill Stein interviewed by Jimmy Dore.
Tim Canova will hopefully defeat DWS. Those damn closed primaries!
meant to mention that I believe the TPP is a major factor. Despite the best efforts of the MSM to either hide it or promote it (remember Obama slow jammin’ the news on Jimmy Fallon?) the word is out. The TPP unites both Progressives and Republicans.
Autumn:
Four years of Trump is less dangerous than eight with Clinton. Makes sense to me. Come on, Assange. We need another dump.
http://www.realclearpolitics.com/video/2016/07/25/pro-sanders_protester_i_prefer_donald_trump_to_hillary_clinton_trump_is_less_dangerous.html
I think Trump will cream her. This country is tired of Hillary. The First Lady. Then Senator. Then Secretary of State.
Steve, do you believe Hillary didn’t know what Debbie was doing? I don’t. Which Clinton was approving this attack on Bernie. I understand Bernie is not changing his speech. He can’t be so dumb to think it wasn’t a coordinated effort, not reviewed by Hillary. How many times has Hillary said “I knew nothing about this?” Didn’t Obama say that a lot, IRS, for example?
You don’t think Clinton knew? Why?
I think the Clintons are well-informed, but narrowly get away too much by asserting plausible deniability. Cronyism pays in their world. They’re the neo-mob.
It’s a bit like her alleging running from a plane in a hailstorm of gunfire, ducking and scurrying into the building as Barbara Boxer would put it, “in fear of my life,” only to be videoed doing the opposite: shaking hands and greeting children when she exits the plane.
Like many, I’d like nothing better than to see her run out of Washington, D.C.
I think HRC is so despised that Trump has a good chance. Remember, he’s turned out more voters than Reagan and more Republicans voted in the primaries than Dems. Also enthusiasm for Jill is increasing — if she can pull enough votes off HRC she’s toast.
Who in their right mind thinks that Crooked Hillary can beat the Donald? Please bring back Bernie!
Autumn, I think Clinton is going to win in a landslide. Johnson will grab more from Trump than Hillary, and our Greens will not make a dent against either. The media’s been too kind to Crooked Hillary, because they’ve got salaries to pay and shareholders to quell. I thought this only went on in the third world.
That sounds reasonable to me bettykath, but can you convince others? None of this seemed to click with SWM.
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The Move Is Complete!
Eddowes’ Lovely Necklace
NEW RIPPER FORUM
The Third International Congress Of Criminal Anthropology
Professor Lacassagne of Lyon
Hutchinson’s Description Of The Suspect
The Police Disorganization After The Last Murder
THE MISSING KELLY MORTUARY PHOTO
Ripper Articles From Manitoban Newspapers
Manitoba Newspaper Coverage Of The Murders
Baphomet (11)
Census Transcriptions (139)
Chief Inspector John George Littlechild (18)
Cleveland Street Scandal (18)
Dr. Alfred W. Pearson: Jack The Ripper (34)
Inspector Frederick Abberline (6)
Murder Of William Morgan (11)
Other Ripper Research (177)
Prince Albert Victor (9)
Secret Societies (40)
The Chicago Whitechapel Club (11)
The Non-Rippers (48)
The Ridicule Of Sir Charles Warren
Posted: October 15, 2009 in Other Ripper Research
LONDON’S DISGRACE.
SIR CHARLES WARREN AND HIS PACK OF HOUNDS.
After He Tried Them by Letting Them Loose on His Own Trail He Turned Them Out to Follow Other Trails, and They Got Away – A Horrible Letter.
London had begun to forget all about the horrible Whitechapel murders, when one morning not long ago the great metropolis was shaken from the innermost recesses of the city to the elegant suburbs that have been lately built for the occupation of the wealthy and cultivated by the announcement that Sir Charles Warren’s dogs were loose.
Sir Charles had for some time been training these dogs, with a view to having them track and tree the human fiend who has been operating in Whitechapel, whenever that shrewd ghoul should kill another victim. All the world remembers how much Sir Charles banked upon his bloodhounds and how he made himself the laughing stock of everybody by letting them chase his august person one very early morning not long ago. One would imagine that his experience on the occasion would have shaken his faith in the wisdom of the scheme, for, so the account runs, they only succeeded in making even a fair showing one time in three.
The fact is, as almost any one conversant with the employment of hounds for tracking persons will tell you, it is quite a different matter for a dog to take up and follow a scent across a sparsely settled country, and through the intricate mazes of a densely populated city.
It is not at all uncommon for a dog to quite lose the scent in the former instance because of one crossing track. In a crowded metropolitan district like Whitechapel, where any given track would be criss-crossed by tens of thousands of other tracks inside of an hour, the task of following the murderer by the scent would be altogether beyond the power of even the keenest nosed dog.
And even if Sir Charles’ experiments had been successful to a marked degree, the results would have justified no sanguine expectations. For the experiments were made early in the morning when few people would be stirring, and the chance of obliteration by subsequent trails was at the minimum. whereas the search for the murderer would, very likely, have to be made at a busy time of the day.
When Sir Charles lost the dogs he was trying them in the open country. They had been taken to a common in the suburbs and there "laid on scent after scent."
Whether they showed any progress in the noble art of man hunting is not stated, but when let loose on what proved to be their last run they were "lost sight of altogether," and "the men in charge were frantic." Certain carpers at Sir Charles’ method of running the police department have suggested that "perhaps some smart dog fancier has made a grand haul of the prize hounds."
It is quite possible that this last exploit of Sir Charles Warren will move the London publications that sail under comic colors to the printing of cartoons bearing upon the subject. Punch has already devoted considerable attention to the Whitechapel matter, and here is a reduced reproduction of one of its cartoons, heading and all:
There floats a phantom on the slum’s foul air,
Shaping, to eyes which have the gift of seeing,
Into the specter of that loathly lair,
Face it – for vain is fleeing,
Red-handed, ruthless, furtive, unerect,
Tis murderous crime – the Nemesis of neglect!
Sir Charles Warren is a most extraordinary person, if we may believe the English newspaper stories about him. He doesn’t seem to have the slightest qualification for the position of chief of police, and the office came to him only because he was born with patrician blood in his veins.
He has been a soldier, and a fairly good one, too – serving abroad – and therein, perhaps, lies much of the secret of his ill success. If he had been willing to act simply as a figure head, letting other and more capable men attend to the executive part – the real work of the department – matters would probably have never reached such a pass as to render the Whitechapel murders possible.
But, having won some reputation as a fighter of savages, he felt that he knew just how to preserve order in a city largely composed of civilized people. Brooking no interference with his plan of conducting the affairs of the office of chief of police on the lines of a military campaign, and fully imbued with the idea that the chief end of the police is to suppress free speech and all sympathy with the Irish, whom he hates so bitterly, he devoted his energies to closing public places to speakers who are dissatisfied with the existing order of things in England and the following and arrest of Americans and others supposed to have a friendly feeling toward Erin’s green Isle. Of course it was not long before the Scotland Yard men and the "politics" alike expended whatever abilities they possess in these directions, and what are in other counties considered the most hateful classes flourished unhurt and plied their criminal callings unmolested. In this concern are presented portraits of Inspector Helson and Coroner Baxter, two officials who have ably seconded Sir Charles Warren’s policy of marked incapability.
The excitement over the loss of the dogs had hardly begun to diminish when another and a greater sensation arose. At the risk of offering it to some readers the second time. the cabled account thereof is here presented:
Mr. George Lusk, a builder, is the head of a Whitechapel vigilance committee. Late on Tuesday night the parcel post delivery left a box at his house. Upon opening it he discovered a meaty substance, which he judged to be half of a kidney belonging to some animal. Inclosed in the box was the following letter:
"I send you half of the kidne I took from one of the women. I preserved it for you. T’other piece I fried and ate. It was very nice. I may send you the bloody knif that took it out if you only wait a whil longer."
Mr. Lusk at first regarded the whole thing as a joke. But, remembering that such an organ had been taken from the Mitre square victim, he took the box to the London hospital. Dr. Openshaw examined the inclosure and said that it certainly came from a full grown woman and had been divided longitudinally. The box and the letter were taken to Scotland Yard. The handwriting of the letter in the box bore no resemblance to the handwriting of the letters of "Jack the Ripper," found some weeks ago.
Source: Weekly News And Democrat, Thursday November 1, 1888.
City Of London Mortuary 1888
James Wiltshire
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File #: Int 0603-2014 Version: * A Name: Increasing civil penalties for leaving the scene of an incident without reporting.
Committee: Committee on Transportation
On agenda: 12/17/2014
Title: A Local Law to amend the administrative code of the city of New York, in relation to increasing civil penalties for leaving the scene of an incident without reporting
Sponsors: James G. Van Bramer, Ydanis A. Rodriguez, Margaret S. Chin, Vanessa L. Gibson, Peter A. Koo, Brad S. Lander, Rosie Mendez, Donovan J. Richards, Deborah L. Rose, Paul A. Vallone, Helen K. Rosenthal, Jumaane D. Williams, Ben Kallos, Antonio Reynoso, Carlos Menchaca, Ritchie J. Torres, Fernando Cabrera , Andrew Cohen, Mark Levine, Costa G. Constantinides, Karen Koslowitz, Julissa Ferreras-Copeland, David G. Greenfield, Stephen T. Levin, Rafael L. Espinal, Jr., Laurie A. Cumbo, James Vacca, Daniel R. Garodnick, Chaim M. Deutsch, Corey D. Johnson, Daniel Dromm , Darlene Mealy, Eric A. Ulrich
Summary: In 2014, the Council enacted Local Law 50, instituting civil penalties for leaving the scene of an incident without reporting. This bill would increase the civil penalties for those leaving the scene of an incident without reporting on more than one occasion. Repeat offenders would be subject to pay a civil penalty of up to $1,000 if property damage results from the incident; $2,00-$5,000 if a person is injured; $10,000-$15,000 if there is a serious injury; and $15,000-$20,000 if death results. The bill would also raise the maximum penalty for a first offense involving property damage to $1,000 and the penalty for a first offense resulting in death from $5,000-$10,000 to $10,000-$15,000.
Attachments: 1. Legislative History Report, 2. Summary of Int. No. 603-A, 3. Summary of Int. No. 603, 4. Int. No. 603 - 12/17/14, 5. Committee Report 12/2/15, 6. Hearing Testimony 12/2/15, 7. Hearing Transcript 12/2/15, 8. Proposed Int. No. 603-A - 12/11/15, 9. Committee Report 12/15/15, 10. Hearing Transcript 12/15/15, 11. Committee Report - Stated Meeting, 12. December 16, 2015 - Stated Meeting Agenda with Links to Files, 13. Fiscal Impact Statement, 14. Int. No. 603-A (FINAL), 15. Hearing Transcript of the Stated Meeting - December 16, 2015, 16. Mayor's Letter, 17. Minutes of the Stated Meeting - December 16, 2015, 18. Local Law 4
1/5/2016 A James G. Van Bramer City Council Recved from Mayor by Council Action details Meeting details Not available
1/5/2016 A James G. Van Bramer Mayor Signed Into Law by Mayor Action details Meeting details Not available
1/5/2016 A James G. Van Bramer Mayor Hearing Held by Mayor Action details Meeting details Not available
12/16/2015 A James G. Van Bramer City Council Sent to Mayor by Council Action details Meeting details Not available
12/16/2015 A James G. Van Bramer City Council Approved by Council Pass Action details Meeting details Not available
12/15/2015 * James G. Van Bramer Committee on Transportation Hearing Held by Committee Action details Meeting details Not available
12/15/2015 * James G. Van Bramer Committee on Transportation Amendment Proposed by Comm Action details Meeting details Not available
12/15/2015 * James G. Van Bramer Committee on Transportation Amended by Committee Action details Meeting details Not available
12/15/2015 A James G. Van Bramer Committee on Transportation Approved by Committee Pass Action details Meeting details Not available
12/2/2015 * James G. Van Bramer Committee on Transportation Hearing Held by Committee Action details Meeting details Not available
12/2/2015 * James G. Van Bramer Committee on Transportation Laid Over by Committee Action details Meeting details Not available
12/17/2014 * James G. Van Bramer City Council Referred to Comm by Council Action details Meeting details Not available
12/17/2014 * James G. Van Bramer City Council Introduced by Council Action details Meeting details Not available
By Council Members Van Bramer, Rodriguez, Chin, Gibson, Koo, Lander, Mendez, Richards, Rose, Vallone, Rosenthal, Williams, Kallos, Reynoso, Menchaca, Torres, Cabrera, Cohen, Levine, Constantinides, Koslowitz, Ferreras-Copeland, Greenfield, Levin, Espinal, Cumbo, Vacca, Garodnick, Deutsch, Johnson, Dromm, Mealy and Ulrich
A Local Law to amend the administrative code of the city of New York, in relation to increasing civil penalties for leaving the scene of an incident without reporting
Section 1. Subdivisions a and b of section 19-191 of the administrative code of the city of New York, as added by local law number 50 for the year 2014, are amended to read as follows:
a. Except as provided in the vehicle and traffic law, in addition to or as an alternative to any penalties assessed thereunder, any driver who, knowing or having cause to know that damage has been caused to the real property or the personal property of another due to an incident involving the driver’s motor vehicle, leaves the scene of an incident without complying with all of the provisions of paragraph a of subdivision one of section six hundred of the vehicle and traffic law, shall be liable for a civil penalty, recoverable at the environmental control board, of not [more than] less than five hundred dollars nor more than one thousand dollars for the first violation and not less than one thousand dollars nor more than two thousand dollars for a second or subsequent violation.
b. Except as provided in the vehicle and traffic law, in addition to or as an alternative to any penalties assessed thereunder, any driver who, knowing or having cause to know that physical injury has been caused to another person due to an incident involving the driver’s motor vehicle, leaves the scene of an incident without complying with all of the provisions of paragraph a of subdivision two of section six hundred of the vehicle and traffic law, shall be liable for a civil penalty, recoverable at the environmental control board, of not less than one thousand dollars nor more than two thousand dollars for the first violation and not less than two thousand dollars nor more than five thousand dollars for a second or subsequent violation, except where such injury is a serious physical injury, such driver shall be liable for a civil penalty, recoverable at the environmental control board, of not less than two thousand dollars nor more than ten thousand dollars for the first violation and not less than ten thousand dollars nor more than fifteen thousand dollars for a second or subsequent violation, and where such injury results in death, such driver shall be liable for a civil penalty, recoverable at the environmental control board, of not less than [five] ten thousand dollars nor more than [ten] fifteen thousand dollars for the first violation and not less than fifteen thousand dollars nor more than twenty thousand dollars for a second or subsequent violation.
§ 2. This local law takes effect 90 days after it becomes law.
KET 12/8/15 4:17PM
LS 2949/2014
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About Our Plan
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Connect. Empower. Cultivate. Strong words. Words that we believe capture the vital nature of the relationship between Transylvania County and its Public Library. Words that we believe express the Library’s commitment to aligning our services with the community’s goals and to working together to help Transylvania County realize its aspirations for the future.
The Transylvania County Library Strategic Plan is the culmination of a year of focused research and study; of careful listening and looking outward. We have taken all that we heard and learned and have crafted what we see as an ever-evolving action guide – a tool that will enable the Library to change and grow as our community grows and as our world changes. At its best, the public library is a trusted community resource, a vibrant node of civic engagement, a sparkplug for individual creativity and lifelong learning; in short, the place the community cannot live without. And that, as you will see in these pages, is precisely what we, the staff of the Transylvania County Library, aspire to be. We are excited about our future and we invite you to join us as we work together for a vibrant Transylvania County.
Anna Yount
Transylvania County Library Director
The seeds for the Transylvania County Library’s strategic planning process were sown in the fall of 2015, when North Carolina’s State Librarian, Cal Shepard, distributed copies of the 2014 Aspen Institute report, Rising to the Challenge: Re-Envisioning Public Libraries, to every public Library director in the state. The Report illustrated a dynamic new way of looking at the public Library’s role in its community.
We learned about new research and processes that could “illuminate ways that communities can leverage investments in libraries to build stronger civic ecologies and forge new partnerships for achieving local goals”. We were hooked. Board members and staff were all reading the Aspen Report.
Maureen Sullivan, a founding member of The Aspen Institute Dialogue on Public Libraries working group, accepted our invitation to attend TCL’s annual Staff Development Day on February 15, 2016. Her insights and guidance reinforced our conviction that the Aspen Report captured the spirit and excitement of what we want the Transylvania County Library to do and to be in our changing community.
We received a 2016-2017 LSTA EZ Planning Grant which enabled us to fully utilize the Aspen Report and its companion Action Guide for Re-Envisioning Your Public Library to craft a new strategic plan for the Transylvania County Library. We worked our way through the Action Guide. We researched community trends and demographics. We scrutinized our physical space and brainstormed about our virtual space. We interviewed key stakeholders. We asked people to write letters to their Library and tell us what they like and what they don’t like. And we held public dialogue sessions—seven of them—facilitated by Maureen Sullivan. At these sessions, we asked people to tell us about their hopes and dreams for Transylvania County, and what the Library could do to make those dreams come true. We took all that we heard and learned and set to work.
Our goal for this planning process has been to create a short, flexible, useful document. Our intention is to develop a plan that allows the Library to be creative and nimble and to utilize our strengths and resources to align our services in support of community goals and to break out of the stereotype of a book warehouse. We want to be “out of the building, not just out of the box”. We want to create a bold strategy that will awaken our community to the public Library as a vibrant node of civic engagement. As the Aspen Report succinctly puts it:
“An intelligent community, not large circulation numbers, is the primary goal.”
This planning project was supported by grant funds from the Institute of Museum and Library Services under the provisions of the federal Library Services and Technology Act as administered by the State Library of North Carolina, a division of the Department of Natural and Cultural Resources.
Many, many people contributed to the creation of this plan. Our exceptional consultant, Maureen Sullivan, invested over a year in guiding us in this work. The TCL Steering Committee made enormous commitments of their time and talent: Erika Brock, Laura Gardner, Janet Merrell, Derek Nelson, Lisa Sheffield, Marcy Thompson and Anna Yount. The entire staff of the Transylvania Library contributed in ways too numerous to mention. Thanks as well to the Board of Directors of the Transylvania County Library Foundation, the Friends of the Transylvania County Library, and the Transylvania County Library Board of Trustees. Thanks to Transylvania County Manager Jaime Laughter for her support and encouragement throughout the process. Special thanks are due to Sarah Justice, Lucia Gerdes, Annette Blum, Vision Brevard/Transylvania, the 2017 VIZ class, Teresa Curto, Rodrigo Vargas, Judy Nebrig, and Cal Shepard.
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2016 Citroën C4 Picasso Puretech 130 Flair auto review
From £18,2658
Is a mid-life facelift enough to keep the C4 Picasso competitive in an unpredictable marketplace?
It might not be as dynamically accomplished as some of its rivals, but there's still lots to like about the new C4 Picasso
2015 Citroën C4 Picasso 1.2 Puretech 130 S&S review
New 1.2-litre turbocharged petrol engine is clean and frugal, but is it strong enough to fit in with family life and replace the need for diesel power?
by Neil Winn
Follow @nwinn86
Citroën has treated its once dominant C4 Picasso to a mid-life facelift in the hope of keeping the stylish five-seater competitive in a market that is currently undergoing something of a crisis.
Only a few years ago, buyers who wanted a family car put two things above all else: affordability and practicality. However, these days, with the introduction of competitive PCP deals and the fact that consumers have become increasingly image conscious, MPVs are being consistently shunned for luxury SUVs and upmarket crossovers.
So what changes has Citroën made to the C4 Picasso to ensure that it remains competitive in this new market landscape? Well, since its launch in 2013, the Picasso’s biggest selling point – aside from its impressive ergonomics – has been its distinctly un-MPV-like aesthetics. As a result, the C4’s styling remains relatively untouched for 2016, with a wider front air intake, chrome foglight surrounds and '3D-effect' rear lights simply enhancing what was already there.
The cabin also looks suspiciously similar to last year’s model, but that is no bad thing. We’ve always been fond of the Picasso’s light and airy interior. Instead, Citroën has dedicated most of its time to perfecting its frustrating infotainment system. Apple CarPlay and MirrorLink are two major additions that should prove popular with buyers and Citroën Connect Navigation now finally offers 3D maps, touch operation and real-time updates.
What's it like?
Aside from a new automatic gearbox option on the 1.2-litre petrol Puretech, the 2016 Picasso is more or less mechanically identical to the model it replaces. As a result, the big Citroën still isn’t as engaging as the BMW 2 Series Active Tourer or Volkswagen Golf SV, but that’s not to say that the Picasso is without dynamic merit.
Granted, there’s little doubt that Citroën has aimed for supple rather than sporty here, but the Picasso’s suspension is impressively adept at coping with multiple inputs. Big compressions are soaked up with aplomb, and although the soft damper settings allow for some body float over crests, there’s never a point where the chassis feels unstable or loose.
However, it’s at lower speeds where the Picasso disappoints. Over patchy and uneven surfaces, the usually supple Citroën often feels unsettled, so regular day-to-day driving isn’t as comfortable as it could be. The smaller 16in wheels that come as standard on entry-level Touch trim certainly help to improve the ride, but they don’t completely rectify the problem.
As for engines, we suspect that the mid-range 118bhp 1.6-litre diesel will continue to be the most popular with buyers thanks to its impressive fuel economy and low running costs. However, it’s well worth considering the 1.2-litre Puretech petrol if you’re a private buyer who drives mainly in town.
That’s because one of our biggest complaints with the diesel motor is that it delivers its power in one big dollop as the turbo kicks in, so you have to change gear fairly often to keep the engine in its sweet spot. There’s no such problem with the turbocharged three-cylinder petrol engine. With maximum torque achieved at 1750rpm, the motor pulls strongly from low revs and, unlike the diesel, it keeps performing well until it reaches peak power at 5500rpm. Compared with the 1.6-litre HDi diesel engine, it feels impressively flexible and refined.
Unfortunately, you'd never call Citroën’s new EAT6 gearbox refined. It’s certainly an improvement on the old semi-automatic unit, but it's also hesitant and dim-witted. On tight and twisting B-roads, the ’box is slow to respond, holding on to gears for too long and down changing mid-corner. Shifting manually with the column-mounted paddles results in smoother progress, which indicates that the problem comes down to software rather than hardware.
Inside, the Picasso still gives the impression of being the most spacious car in the class, thanks to its extended windscreen and low-set dashboard. Storage spaces dotted around the cabin are perfect for family clutter, and multi-textured surfaces made from soft-touch materials give a real sense of quality.
The revised infotainment system, which is controlled through a 7.0in touchscreen, is certainly an improvement on the previous unit and the ability to pinch and swipe will be a welcome addition for anyone who is used to operating a smartphone. However, the touch-sensitive buttons around the edges of the screen are still slow and often unresponsive and the system can lag when changing between applications.
Ergonomically, though, the Picasso is still the well-packaged design that we’ve come to know and love. It'll seat four in reasonable comfort and there’s cabin flexibility courtesy of individually tilting and sliding rear seats.
Should I buy one?
There’s no question that, objectively, the C4 still ticks almost every box for the majority of family car buyers.
It’s spacious, versatile and cheap to run and, with the addition of driver assist systems such as traffic sign recognition, lane departure assist and driver condition monitoring, it’s safe, too.
2016 Citroën C4 Picasso Puretech 130 Flair EAT6 auto
Location Buckinghamshire; On sale now; Price £25,245; Engine 3 cyls, 1199cc, turbo, petrol; Power 128bhp at 5500rpm; Torque 170lb ft at 1750rpm; Gearbox 6-spd automatic; Kerb weight 1482kg; 0-62mph 10.1sec; Top speed 128mph; Economy 55.4mpg (combined); CO2/tax band 115g/km, 23%
Join the debate
In the detail
The article makes detailed comparisons between the petrol and diesel but I'd like to know how much more the diesel is to buy (when in the same grade car) to gain a true idea of which is the better option. Other than that I think it's a great looking alternative to a Ford or Vauxhall
typos1 - Just can’t respect opinion
Shrub
WHich gearbox is it?
I thought the new 1.2 pure tech auto was fitted with the same Aisin auto box that you find on the 308? That has been lauded for being smooth and responsive when coupled to this engine. Have Citroen kept the old semi-auto van gearbox or just messed up the installation of what is an otherwise well matched set up?
stumpys182
Gearbox...
I'm pretty sure that it is the same Aisin box found in the Pug.
I've driven several PSA models with this box, both petrol and diesel and cant say I've noticed any difference between any of them, other than the BlueHDi180 DS5 I recently took on holiday. Went like a train, but did seem to get a bit confused on some mountain passes.
This is another Autocar
This is another Autocar review (of another Citroen) where they praise the ergonomics of the practical and comfortable interior, but are less complimentary about some of the "unresponsive" controls. Surely the latter is far more important if you want to bring ergonomics into it?
Bob Cholmondeley
Autocar wrote:
Well, since its launch in 2013, the Picasso’s biggest selling point – aside from its impressive ergonomics – has been its distinctly un-MPV-like aesthetics.
Are you sure about that? It certainly looks like an MPV to me.
Citroëniste.
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Saga #9
The Will finally has a good day.
Lettered by:
Fonografiks
Mature Fantasy Science Fiction
Saga: Compendium One
Y: THE LAST MAN writer BRIAN K. VAUGHAN returns to comics with red-hot artist FIONA STAPLES for an all-new ONGOING SERIES! Star Wars-style action collides with Game of Thrones-esque drama in this original sci-fi/fantasy epic for mature readers, as new parents Marko and Alana risk everything to raise their child amidst a never-ending galactic war.
SAGA writer BRIAN K. VAUGHAN launches a brand-new ONGOING SERIES with superstar Wonder Woman artist CLIFF CHIANG! In the early hours after Halloween of 1988, four 12-year-old newspaper delivery girls uncover the most important story of all time.
Sex Criminals
A SEX COMEDY FOR COMICS: Suzie's a normal girl with an extraordinary ability: when she has sex, she stops time. One night she meets John... who has the same gift. And so they do what any other sex-having, time-stopping, couple would do: they rob banks. In the vein of THE 40-YEAR OLD VIRGIN and BRIDESMAIDS, Image Comics invites you to come along with MATT FRACTION (Hawkeye, SATELLITE SAM) and CHIP
East of West
This is the world. It is not the one we wanted, but it is the one we deserved. The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse roam the Earth, signaling the End Times for humanity, and our best hope for life, lies in DEATH.
One young robot's struggle to stay alive in a universe where all androids have been outlawed and bounty hunters lurk on every planet. A rip-roaring and heart-felt cosmic odyssey that pits humanity against machine, and world against world, to create a sprawling space opera from the creators of Trillium, Sweet Tooth, and Little Gotham.
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In the far future, humanity has doomed planet earth to rot and decay, covering her surface with garbage. Now, ancient spirits called the Colossals rise from the debris and attack the remaining survivors, forcing the human race to the brink of extinction. One warrior woman, Maya, sets out to find the last source of pure water to save the world before the monsters bring it all to an end.
The Black Hand
Victoria Addair's near-death experience gifted her the ability to slay the undead with but a touch. When the Order of the Black Hand sends her north to vanquish a ghost, she uncovers a multi-generational tie to one of the most powerful undead in the world. Assisted by an irritable nobleman and his upstart son, Victoria must unravel their family's hidden connections to the undead and save them from
Infinite Vacation
WELCOME TO THE INFINITE VACATION, WHERE CHANGING YOUR LIFE IS ALWAYS JUST A CLICK AWAY! Mark lives in a world where alternate realities are up for sale, and buying and trading your way through unlimited variations of yourself is as commonplace as checking your email or updating your status. But when other 'hims' start dying suddenly and he meets a mysterious girl who wants nothing to do with '
Rebel Blood
FROM THE DESK OF OFFICER RED PROSPERO; WHILE YOU WERE OUT: The world went to hell in a hand basket. A highly infectious disease has turned every living thing into zombies. Your neighbors will rend your flesh with their bare teeth. So will the rats. And if the rats don't, the squirrels will. Save yourself. Stay in the woods. Pray it hasn't reached the wolves...and keep your gun loaded.
Slaughterman's Creed
Part 1 - Slaughterman's Creed is a story of the fall and rise of monsters, where an ethical knife-edge is all that separates hero from villain. A human trafficker orders the death of a killer who refuses to breach his professional code. Twelve years later, the trafficker's world erupts in blood and chaos. Barely surviving and crippled for life, the Slaughterman has returned to put the whole organi
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Another serving of Hotdog
By: Tina Arceo-Dumlao Philippine Daily Inquirer / 12:08 AM August 03, 2014
It may have been some 40 years since the seminal band Hotdog burst on the scene and served up music never before heard over Philippine airwaves, but the power of this group led by brothers Dennis and Rene Garcia to get people on their feet and dancing has hardly diminished.
Sure, many of the hardcore fans who have been with Hotdog from the time the defunct Villar Records released the band’s “Unang Kagat” in 1974 are no longer as spirited on the dance floor as they used to be.
But it hardly matters, because Hotdog’s irresistibly danceable tunes “Beh Buti Nga,” “Annie Batungbakal” and “Bongga Ka Day,” as well as quirky love songs such as “Pers Lab” remain efficient time machines that never fail to take them back to their salad days marked by long hair, platform shoes and bell-bottom pants.
No wonder their children’s generation happily join these hardy former habitués of Coco Banana and Dewey Blvd. joints on the dance floor, as even they realize that the band’s happy music continue to connect with people from Forbes Park to Gov. Forbes.
And the brothers Garcia are only too willing to dish out the same songs they have been performing thousands of times since they were first recorded and gained the distinctive label “Manila Sound” from their hit single “Manila.”
For the 59-year-old Dennis, the main lyricist of the band, Hotdog’s songs have remained relevant because the themes they touch on—unrequited or reciprocated love—know no season and remain fresh.
“Good music has no expiry date,” the elder Garcia brother says.
“I call them three-minute movies, but they can also be love letters made into songs. There are four I made for my wife—‘Dying to Tell You,’ ‘Ikaw Pa Rin,’ ‘Panaginip’ and Langit Na Naman,’” he adds.
“The arrangements and instrumentations also sound as if they were made just a few years—instead of decades—ago,” says Dennis, who managed to combine his budding career with the band, with his corporate responsibilities as creative director of a top advertising company.
“It was a hard balancing act for me in the early years of Hotdog. I was a young, 20-plus creative director at Lintas while performing in TV shows, concerts and regular gigs like that at Alibi Bar in the Regent that sadly burned down on the night we had a show,” he recalls.
“I had to balance performing with Hotdog with my day job at the ad agency, where I led brainstorming sessions, worked with writers, art directors and broadcast producers, and attended shoots and recordings,” adds the Hotdog stalwart.
Fortunately, one profession enhanced the other.
Music helped Dennis improve the creative execution of advertising campaigns, making for unique and powerful brand messages for the company’s clients.
As an 18-year-old copywriter at Philippine Advertising Counselors, for example, he spearheaded the milestone campaign “O Anong Sarap—Isa Pa Nga” for San Miguel Beer.
It is ironic that the long-haired rocker was able to capture the essence of the alcoholic beverage considering that he and brother Rene do not drink nor smoke, unlike most of their contemporaries in the music world.
Dennis worked on the San Miguel account again in 1990 when he was lured out of his job in Kuala Lumpur by McCann Erickson, to help retain the campaign. The chemistry resulted in the landmark “Kahit Kailan, Kaibigan” campaign and helped McCann keep the multimillion-peso account to this day.
Such discipline at crafting punchy taglines and expressing a multitude of thoughts using just a few lines gave Hotdog’s songs their unique lyrical flavor, evident from their first hit “Ikaw Ang Miss Universe ng Buhay Ko,” inspired by the international pageant wins of Gloria Diaz and Margie Moran.
If Dennis was responsible for the words and the bass guitar behind Hotdog’s music, brother Rene took care of the lead guitar, the lead vocals and most of the band’s infectious melodies.
“I was really the rocker in the group. I worked on my guitar because I wanted to be a Jimmy Page, a Jimi Hendrix,” says Rene. “Then when we set up Hotdog, we wanted good chord progressions that were still commercial,” says the Garcia brother who remains the face and voice of the band that has seen numerous lineup changes through the years.
Rene says he approached the task of writing melodies in a very deliberate manner instead of waiting for the proverbial muse to appear before he comes out with the riffs.
“It is like driving. Once you get used to it, then it becomes easy. What I would do is start with the verse and then the refrain, then take a break and sleep. Then I repeat the process and record what I came up with on a Sony Walkman,” says Rene, who cites the music of The Beatles among his greatest influences and inspiration.
He still actively performs with Hotdog but mainly abroad, where Filipinos yearn for a taste of home.
When he is not fronting for the band, this Garcia sibling tends to his collection of 150 guitars, 10 keyboards and 10 drum sets in his home, and writes instrumental rock music for corporate and individual clients.
“I write these rock songs for a change. I just let the guitar sing,” says Rene, who considers his Fender Stratocaster his workhorse.
As far as Hotdog’s songs go, he says he does not get tired of singing them over and over again because he feels it was something he owes to their fans. The songs may not be new to him, he says, but they could be new to some people in the audience.
“I also try to improvise. I change them a bit so that I play or sing them in a different way each time. They must always be refreshing to the crowd because people can tell if you are not singing from the heart. If you feel the song, then kahit sumablay ka (even if you sing out of tune), they will know that you tried your best to make them happy,” says Rene.
Rene readily admits that even if he and Dennis are as close as two brothers can be, they have had their share of disagreements. But they’ve always managed to come out on top because of mutual respect and the single-minded determination to produce not just good, but great, music.
“We’re serious about this. When we are working on the music, we don’t joke around so that only the best will come out. It must be a Garcia trait, the desire for excellence. We think: you exert the same effort whether you do well or not, so why not try for something good?” says Rene.
The Garcia brothers feel fortunate that Hotdog made it big at a time when Original Pilipino Music was king, when it dominated the airwaves and forced foreign recordings into playing second fiddle.
“OPM then had the ‘right of way’,” recalls Dennis who adds sadly: “But the tables have turned. OPM now is a second—sometimes, third, class citizen today, played on air just to ‘follow’ the mandated rule of four OPM songs every hour. Repeat, mandated. And anything ‘mandated’ is never done wholeheartedly. Ever.”
Hopefully, as Hotdog continues to entertain music lovers with its certified classics, Dennis and Rene hope to influence lawmakers into passing laws to help Filipino songwriters or musicians. Among the laws they have in mind is reducing or altogether doing away with taxes on musical instruments and home recording equipment.
They also hope more Filipino songwriters would follow in their sizeable footsteps.
For these wannabes, Dennis offers this piece of advice: “Write from the heart. Bare your soul. The most unforgettable songs resonate because they are genuine sentiments, never just rhyming words stitched together. Always go counterflow—never go with the herd. Write about why it’s cool to be Pinoy.”
Dennis, who services clients as a freelance creative director both here and in Jakarta and has picked up painting with a passion, continues to write songs, stockpiling them as a legacy to his children. It will be hard, he says, to duplicate what Hotdog accomplished in the 1970s these days when OPM no longer lords it over the airwaves.
“A big idea is big only once,” explains Dennis, a thought that’s definitely something to chew on.
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THE RISK OF DOING NOTHING: Washington Post
DeM Banter: Well thought out piece...and this is indeed a leadership test for not only the US, but the global community as well. It's tough if we believe the military is the only option..if it is....can we offer only a limited option...or does a full scale option have to be on the table as well? …
Continue reading "THE RISK OF DOING NOTHING: Washington Post"
NATO Chief: No Plans For Alliance Action In Syria By Jan M. Olsen
DeM Banter: Here's a thought...maybe it's more a movie plot...but: Assad did not use chemical weapons, but AQ did. The US laid out some red lines and AQ (or their friends and various partners) knew that unleashing chemical weapons in Syria would draw the US into the conflict. UBL made it clear that his plan …
Continue reading "NATO Chief: No Plans For Alliance Action In Syria By Jan M. Olsen"
A Serious Bombing Strategy: WSJ
DeM Banter: not bad...destroy the Air Force...and then? Wall Street Journal August 30, 2013 Pg. 12 The Syrian air force is 'this close to being defeated.' President Obama said Thursday he hasn't decided whether to attack Syria, adding that any strike would be a brief "shot across the bow" in response to the Assad regime's …
Continue reading "A Serious Bombing Strategy: WSJ"
Advancing Leadership will Change the World…DeMarco Banter
I am a firm believer in leadership. With strong leadership, everything moves forward. Leaders are advancers. They advance and push the thinking of their teammates right out of the box--smashing the status quo and advancing creativity. Leaders elevate others' performances--making those they work with (and for) better than anyone every thought possible. Leaders improve the …
Continue reading "Advancing Leadership will Change the World…DeMarco Banter"
U.S. Strike Could Pull Nation Into War, Experts Say By Ernesto Londono and Ed O’Keefe
DeM Banter: When there is no strategy to fall back on... and that pesky thing called history points in a different direction...things don't resonate too well. Washington Post August 28, 2013 Pg. 1 Washington has had mixed success with limited intervention An imminent U.S. strike on Syrian government targets in response to the alleged gassing …
Continue reading "U.S. Strike Could Pull Nation Into War, Experts Say By Ernesto Londono and Ed O’Keefe"
Obama Weighing Limited Strike On Syria By Karen DeYoung and Anne Gearan (and a little history)
DeM Banter...A little history...."Nevertheless, the administration believed that something had to be done. If the United States allowed itself to be humiliated by the regime, then its military credibility would be seriously undermined. The regional alliance that the United States led might dissolve as the area's countries lost faith in American protection. Across the world, …
Continue reading "Obama Weighing Limited Strike On Syria By Karen DeYoung and Anne Gearan (and a little history)"
Is Fair…Equal? DeMarco Banter
Is it a mistake to believe that leaders must treat all team members the same or equal? Leaders are hired or promoted to win--not make everyone happy or give everyone equal time, equal money, or equal resources. Even though every team member must be given support and encouragement, to believe that all must receive the …
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Downrange Dreams ‘Therapeutic bombing’ of Syria would accomplish little By Eliot A. Cohen
DeM Banter: strategic piece from Eliot Cohen...historically can we show where this option has provided the outcome sought? I understand we keep talking Kosovo as THE example, but there were many other issues at play there that are not at play here. Obviously Cohen has his own biases as well...but it is important to examine …
Continue reading "Downrange Dreams ‘Therapeutic bombing’ of Syria would accomplish little By Eliot A. Cohen"
FOREIGN POLICY BY WHISPER AND NUDGE By Thomas L. Friedman
DeM Banter: Some very good points here and it could be a book...but we have tried the "smack down" approach and we have tried the "hug it out" approach and we still have issues in the Mid East. What worked in the Cold War simply will not work in this Info Age world we live …
Continue reading "FOREIGN POLICY BY WHISPER AND NUDGE By Thomas L. Friedman"
A REPORT CARD FOR U.S. POLICY IN THE MIDEAST By Aaron David Miller
DeM Banter: Back when the USAF had money to travel... I was fortunate enough to attend a conference on The Hill where Aaron David Miller spoke. What impressed me about Dr Miller was he appeared to be very non-biased and very much a realist... I am sure some will disagree with his thoughts on "national interest," …
Continue reading "A REPORT CARD FOR U.S. POLICY IN THE MIDEAST By Aaron David Miller"
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WWE Insiders Pick Great Balls Of Fire 2017
Filed Under:Aaron Oster, Braun Strowman, Brock Lesnar, Chuck Carroll, Great Balls of Fire, Pro Wrestling, Raw, Roman Reigns, Samoa Joe, Scott Fishman, WWE, WWE Insiders Pick
By Chuck Carroll
WWE’s Raw brand presents Great Balls of Fire this Sunday, its final pay-per-view before SummerSlam. This should begin setting in motion the storylines that will populate Monday night shows until fall. Eight matches are on the card, and a few of them could be tricky to figure out.
At the top of the list is the Ambulance Match between Roman Reigns and Braun Strowman. Strowman was supposedly penciled in to face Brock Lesnar at SummerSlam next month. However, Dave Meltzer of The Wrestling Observer reports that match has been scratched in favor of Reigns vs. Lesnar. Interestingly, that match is also supposed to headline next year’s WrestleMania, according to Meltzer. If true, the outcome of the Reigns vs. Strowman match seems clear. But this is WWE, where all storylines are subject to change at the drop of a hat and often do.
>>LISTEN: The Taz Show: Bodyslams & Beyond weekdays 7-9 a.m.
Samoa Joe has been red hot of late and has really jelled well with the WWE Universe. His popularity has only grown since debuting earlier this year. Obviously, this is not lost on WWE, as he’s main-eventing a pay-per-view in a title match. The question becomes whether a loss to Lesnar on Sunday will squash Joe’s momentum. Or will he score a shocking upset? Time will tell.
Joining me to make picks as always are Scott Fishman, who recently got Natalya to give her top tips for taking the perfect selfie, and Aaron Oster, who got a chance to talk kendo sticks with Alexa Bliss.
Chuck Carroll (@ChuckCarrollWLC) – Pro wrestling contributor, CBS Local Sports
Pick Record: 33-30
Scott Fishman (@smFISHMAN) – Pro wrestling contributor, Miami Herald, TV Insider and Channel Guide Magazine
Aaron Oster (@TheAOster) – Pro wrestling contributor, Rolling Stone and Baltimore Sun; Host, Jobbing Out Podcast
Pick Record: 38-16 (Note: Did not pick Royal Rumble)
Brock Lesnar (Photo Credit: JP Yim/Getty Images)
Universal Championship Match
Brock Lesnar (c) vs. Samoa Joe
Chuck: I would love to say that Joe is going to walk away victorious here, but given WWE’s reported plans, I just can’t see that happening. It’s also hard to envision this being any sort of squash match à la Goldberg vs. Lesnar. Instead, this one should be a bruising strong-style battle that gives viewers their $9.99 worth. Having a solid brawl will keep momentum rolling for Joe in a loss while putting Lesnar in a position to move forward with plans to face Roman Reigns or Braun Strowman at SummerSlam. Pick: Brock Lesnar
Scott: Brock Lesnar versus Samoa Joe has been the best-built match WWE has done in quite some time. They have protected Joe and portrayed him as a viable threat against Lesnar. That said, I don’t think many believe Joe comes out victorious with SummerSlam approaching. I just hope this opened some more eyes for WWE decision-makers to keep the Joe momentum going forward. There is more money to be made with Lesnar and Joe working against one another. Pick: Brock Lesnar
Aaron: They’ve done a fantastic job building Samoa Joe. He’s looked completely credible and a threat to Lesnar. It’s reached the point where if Joe managed to win on Sunday, while it would be a surprise, it wouldn’t be shocking or out of nowhere. That being said, I don’t see it happening. I just hope the match is done in a way to keep Joe’s credibility moving forward. Pick: Brock Lesnar
>>MORE: From the world of Pro Wrestling
Ambulance Match
Roman Reigns vs. Braun Strowman
Chuck: This is the trick match on the card. Braun Strowman is on an absolute tear right now. WWE handed him one of the biggest “must see” moments of the year when he superplexed Big Show and broke the ring. He’s been successful crumbling the Roman Empire with the exception of the spear off the stage that closed the show on Raw this week. It’s hard to see Reigns in the main event of SummerSlam without a win here, but there is also plenty of time between now and August 20 to get him in the title picture. But… Pick: Roman Reigns
Scott: WWE has done a great job when it comes to Braun Strowman and his evolution in the past year. An injury sidelined the big man, but he hasn’t lost a step, and fell right back into a program with Roman Reigns. The company clearly has a plan for Strowman, meaning a definitive win over Reigns will help. Especially, if a Strowman – Lesnar showdown is around the corner. Pick: Braun Strowman
Aaron: Roman Reigns declared himself to be the #1 contender for SummerSlam. Nobody has really challenged that assertion on screen. Thus, it seems like they’re going forward with it. Add the fact that Braun Strowman won back in April, and it all adds up to a Roman Reigns win on Sunday. Pick: Roman Reigns
Alexa Bliss (Photo Credit: Philippe Huguen/AFP/Getty Images)
Raw Women’s Championship
Alexa Bliss (c) vs. Sasha Banks
Chuck: Alexa Bliss is still the darling of the Raw Women’s Division. With the exception of the “This Is Your Life, Bailey” segment, Ms. Bliss has consistently been masterful on the microphone and captivates the crowd. Sasha Banks has a strong following and garners a solid reaction when her music hits each week. Unfortunately for her, WWE appears to be moving full steam ahead with a Bliss and Nia Jax feud. I’d be stunned if that wasn’t the Raw Women’s title match next month. Pick: Alexa Bliss
Scott: I’m surprised WWE has gone with Alexa Bliss defending against Sasha Banks so soon. The story they seem to be setting up is Bliss facing Nia Jax, which is interesting considering each are really heels with Bliss getting cheered. Perhaps they can do an angle where Bliss promised Jax a title match if she helped her defeat Banks. Either way, I don’t see Bliss losing the gold. Pick: Alexa Bliss
Aaron: Alexa is walking out with the belt here. I’m quite convinced on that fact. She will likely win in a cheap fashion. However, a countout or DQ finish is also possible, which throws the winner into some doubt. Either way, expect a triple threat at SummerSlam with these two and Nia Jax. Pick: Alexa Bliss
Seth Rollins (Photo Credit: JP Yim/Getty Images)
Seth Rollins vs. Bray Wyatt
Chuck: Seth Rollins and Bray Wyatt are two of the best talents on the WWE. Yet, this feud really hasn’t seemed to make much of an impact. There is no doubt that bigger things are on the horizon for both men. But as of right now, they’re in a holding pattern of sorts. Given that Rollins is on the cover of WWE 2K18 and featured in all advertisements for the game, it’s a smart move to keep him looking strong. Pick: Seth Rollins
Scott: Not really much new ground broken when it comes to the new chapter in Seth Rollins and Bray Wyatt. This is sure to be a solid match, but I’d expect some shenanigans or some hokey you know what. But when the dust settles, I’m going with Rollins. It’s a case of two former world champions in a holding pattern, so it’s kind of a toss-up for me who walks out the winner. Pick: Seth Rollins
Aaron: This match could go either way. The feud isn’t exactly hot right now, and there isn’t a clear direction for either superstar after this. I think Bray Wyatt could use the win a little more, so he can win it here. Maybe if the match goes well, Rollins can get his win back at SummerSlam. Pick: Bray Wyatt
>>MORE: 19 Things You Didn’t Know About WWE Star Seth Rollins
The Miz and Dean Ambrose (L-R) (Photo Credit: Philippe Huguen/AFP/Getty Images)
Intercontinental Championship
The Miz (c) vs. Dean Ambrose
Chuck: The Miz is still doing his best work in years. Normally, a storyline where a couple have on-screen feathers being ruffled doesn’t do much. This time around, however, it’s different. Maryse has brought a lot to the table and has proven that although she’s not wrestling, she can more than hold her own. The drama between the real-life husband and wife will be ratcheted up a notch at WWE Great Balls of Fire. And that doesn’t look good for Miz’s chances of retaining the Intercontinental Title, Miztourage or not. Pick: Dean Ambrose
Scott: There is clearly some trouble in paradise with The Miz and Maryse. I’m going to go with Ambrose winning with Maryse somehow costing Miz the Intercontinental championship. That could then be the catalyst for even more dissension now that Miz has his Miztourage. Of course, I could be completely wrong, and the happy couple could be staying together. Given WWE history, that may not be the case. I’ve loved Miz as the IC champ and think he is an important part of the roster. That said, I think he might have even more to give in the main-event scene down the line. Pick: Dean Ambrose
Aaron: Everything about this screams that The Miz should win. The one odd thing is Maryse seemingly moving away from Miz, and then coming back with no mention of it. Could that lead to a bigger breakup moment on Sunday? I could see it. But, the title picture is better going into SummerSlam if Miz is holding the title. So he should win. Pick: The Miz
Hardy Boyz and Cesaro (C) (Photo Credit: Philippe Huguen/AFP/Getty Images)
Raw Tag Team Championship: 30-Minute WWE Iron Man Match
Cesaro and Sheamus vs. The Hardy Boyz
Chuck: Man alive, I do hope eventually we’ll see the Broken gimmick in WWE. Depending on who you ask, The Hardyz and Anthem Media, owners of Impact… check that, Global Force Wrestling, are close to reaching a settlement that would allow the gimmicks to be relinquished. The best way to bring in Broken Matt and Brother Nero would be to have The Hardyz come up short for the titles again and again. Even if that’s just a pipe dream, they’re still not going to win here. Pick: Cesaro and Sheamus
Scott: I don’t like seeing championships playing hot potato, and I like the duo of Sheamus and Cesaro. That is why I’m going with the duo to retain. The Hardy Boyz don’t need the titles, as they are already over with the fans, and there is more juice for them to squeeze in the chase. Look for this one to be a potential show-stealer, considering the two-out-of-three fall stipulation. Pick: Cesaro and Sheamus
Aaron: Even though this feud has been going since WrestleMania, I expect it to last at least one more month. After all, who else can even challenge for the belts in August? The Revival? They’re not challenging Sheamus and Cesaro. So, what’s the easiest way to make that happen? Have the Hardys win. A draw is possible, but it’s hard for me to see Sheamus and Cesaro win definitively here. Pick: The Hardyz
Enzo Amore vs. Big Cass
Chuck: The split between Enzo and Cass has been coming for months. I’m honestly surprised it’s taken WWE this long to pull the trigger. The buildup has been phenomenal, and Enzo’s promos have been brilliant. We’ve actually gotten to see a slightly new side to the little guy. Some of the powers that be in WWE have eyed Cass as a big-time singles star for a while. With him just breaking out on his own, there is a zero (dimes) chance that he’ll walk away with a loss. That and the feud between these two won’t be settled in one match. They have years of history together. Pick: Big Cass
Scott: This is a crossroads of a match in many ways for Big Cass and Enzo Amore. I’m sure they will work hard to tell a compelling story, knowing how important it will be in their singles’ careers. Enzo and Cass have done well in building this match, even though the first bout between the two could have taken place at SummerSlam. There was still room to elevate the intensity. I can see Cass defeating Enzo here in some dastardly way. Knowing WWE, this will probably be the first in a series of confrontations. Pick: Big Cass
Aaron: This feud clearly isn’t ending here. The question is simply this. Do they have the rematch at SummerSlam? If so, expect an Enzo win via rollup, or something similar. If it goes longer, expect a Cass win, and then potentially a different opponent at SummerSlam, like Big Show, before wrapping up the feud in the fall. I’m leaning towards the latter. Pick: Big Cass
WWE Cruiserweight Championship (Kickoff Match)
Neville (c) vs. Akira Tozawa
Chuck: While some may disagree, Titus Worldwide has been refreshing. It breathed new life into Titus O’Neil’s character while also putting the spotlight on Apollo Crews and Akira Tozawa. But that storyline can continue handsomely without a Tozawa win. More importantly, WWE is going to want its biggest name to hold the title heading into the second biggest pay-per-view of the year. And Tozawa isn’t it. Pick: Neville
Scott: Neville has done well in the position WWE has put him in as the “King of the Cruiserweights.” I see his dominance continuing against Tozawa. One of the bright spots on “205 Live” has been Tozawa and how he has resonated with the audience, associating with Titus O’Neil. However, the fact of the matter is there is nobody right now over enough to take the championship from him. Maybe a rejuvenated Austin Aries or a new hot face to enter the mix will get the job done? Pick: Neville
Aaron: Neville didn’t just beat Aries three times in a row to lose to Akira Tozawa. I like Tozawa, but he doesn’t quite have the support of the crowd yet. I do expect the win to be in a way that lets this feud continue though. Pick: Neville
Chuck Carroll is former pro wrestling announcer and referee turned sports media personality. He once appeared on Monday Night RAW when he presented Robert Griffin III with a WWE title belt in the Redskins locker room.
Follow him on Twitter @ChuckCarrollWLC.
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Senator Michael J. Rodrigues Democrat - First Bristol and Plymouth
Senate Ways and Means Chair
Michael.Rodrigues@masenate.gov
24 Beacon St.
Boston, MA, 02133
One Government Center
Sponsored | Cosponsored
Select Court 191st (Current) 190th (2017 - 2018) 189th (2015 - 2016) 188th (2013 - 2014) 187th (2011 - 2012)
Follow In My Legislature
Bill Pinslip/Title
SD.2415 Senate, May 2, 2019 -- Order (Senator Rodrigues) relative to procedures to be followed when considering the fiscal year 2020 general appropriations bill
H.77 HD.3998 By Representative Haddad of Somerset and Senator Rodrigues, a joint petition (subject to Joint Rule 12) of Patricia A. Haddad and Michael J. Rodrigues for legislation to establish a sick leave bank for Anna Paula Ferreira, an employee of the Department of Transitional Assistance. Public Service.
S.96 SD.609 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 96) of Michael J. Rodrigues and Paul A. Schmid, III for legislation to improve housing opportunities and the Massachusetts economy. Community Development and Small Businesses.
S.180 SD.606 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 180) of Michael J. Rodrigues, Paul A. Schmid, III, Michael J. Soter, Alan Silvia and other members of the General Court for legislation relative to the security of personal financial information. Consumer Protection and Professional Licensure.
S.181 SD.1702 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 181) of Michael J. Rodrigues, Paul A. Schmid, III and Carole A. Fiola for legislation relative to retail transactions. Consumer Protection and Professional Licensure.
S.327 SD.1441 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 327) of Michael J. Rodrigues, Cynthia Stone Creem, Barry R. Finegold, Jason M. Lewis and other members of the General Court for legislation relative to genocide education . Education.
S.526 SD.614 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 526) of Michael J. Rodrigues, Paul A. Schmid, III, Susan Williams Gifford, Norman J. Orrall and other members of the General Court for legislation relative to horse riding instructor’s licenses. Environment, Natural Resources and Agriculture.
S.527 SD.1169 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 527) of Michael J. Rodrigues, Anne M. Gobi, Adam G. Hinds, Paul A. Schmid, III and other members of the General Court for legislation to modernize certain provisions of the agricultural preservation restriction program. Environment, Natural Resources and Agriculture.
S.528 SD.1934 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 528) of Michael J. Rodrigues, Paul A. Schmid, III, Susan Williams Gifford, Carole A. Fiola and other members of the General Court for legislation to encourage the use of renewable energy on agricultural land. Environment, Natural Resources and Agriculture.
S.637 SD.696 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 637) of Michael J. Rodrigues, Paul A. Schmid, III and Carole A. Fiola for legislation relative to interstate branching of a credit union and the Massachusetts Credit Union Share Insurance Corporation. Financial Services.
S.638 SD.701 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 638) of Michael J. Rodrigues, Paul A. Schmid, III and Carole A. Fiola for legislation relative to the compulsory automobile insurance limits. Financial Services.
S.639 SD.702 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 639) of Michael J. Rodrigues, Paul A. Schmid, III, Alan Silvia and Carole A. Fiola for legislation relative to the duplicate application requirement for dwelling fire insurance policies. Financial Services.
S.640 SD.913 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 640) of Michael J. Rodrigues, Paul A. Schmid, III, Alan Silvia, James B. Eldridge and other members of the General Court for legislation to ensure access to generic medications. Financial Services.
S.641 SD.919 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 641) of Michael J. Rodrigues, Paul A. Schmid, III, Steven S. Howitt, Carole A. Fiola and other members of the General Court for legislation relative to fair and accurate motor vehicle insurance quotes. Financial Services.
S.642 SD.1145 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 642) of Michael J. Rodrigues and Paul A. Schmid, III for legislation relative to credit and debit cards. Financial Services.
S.768 SD.1170 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 768) of Michael J. Rodrigues, Paul A. Schmid, III, Alan Silvia, Sal N. DiDomenico and others for legislation related to educational courses in wine tasting at a qualified institution of higher education. Higher Education.
S.1015 SD.918 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 1015) of Michael J. Rodrigues, Paul A. Schmid, III and Donald F. Humason, Jr. for legislation to expedite the transfer of cases to the permit session of land court. The Judiciary.
S.1112 SD.613 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 1112) of Michael J. Rodrigues, Paul A. Schmid, III, Alan Silvia and Donald F. Humason, Jr. for legislation to enhance employment opportunities. Labor and Workforce Development.
S.1199 SD.1436 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 1199) of Michael J. Rodrigues and Paul A. Schmid, III (by vote of the town) relative to authorizing the town of Westport to convey a non-exclusive access easement in a portion of certain town property. Municipalities and Regional Government. [Local Approval Received.]
S.1336 SD.1437 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 1336) of Michael J. Rodrigues, Jack Patrick Lewis, Carole A. Fiola, Paul A. Schmid, III and others for legislation relative to acupuncture detoxification specialists. Public Health.
S.1578 SD.911 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 1578) of Michael J. Rodrigues, Paul A. Schmid, III, Alan Silvia and Donald F. Humason, Jr. for legislation relative to post-retirement earnings of public retirees. Public Service.
S.1579 SD.912 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 1579) of Michael J. Rodrigues, Paul A. Schmid, III, Brian M. Ashe, Carole A. Fiola and other members of the General Court for legislation to increase the hours of employment of pensioners for services after retirement in the public sector. Public Service.
S.1759 SD.695 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 1759) of Michael J. Rodrigues, Brendan P. Crighton, Paul A. Schmid, III, Ryan C. Fattman and other members of the General Court for legislation relative to the taxation of rolling stock. Revenue.
S.1760 SD.703 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 1760) of Michael J. Rodrigues, Anne M. Gobi, Paul A. Schmid, III, Susan Williams Gifford and other members of the General Court for legislation relative to application deadlines for agricultural, horticultural, or recreational land. Revenue.
S.1761 SD.917 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 1761) of Michael J. Rodrigues, Paul A. Schmid, III, Susan Williams Gifford, Carole A. Fiola and other members of the General Court for legislation to establish a cranberry bog renovation tax credit. Revenue.
S.1762 SD.1701 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 1762) of Michael J. Rodrigues and Paul A. Schmid, III for legislation relative to the marketplace collection of sales tax. Revenue.
S.1763 SD.1958 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 1763) of Michael J. Rodrigues, Anne M. Gobi, Bruce E. Tarr, Paul A. Schmid, III and other members of the General Court for legislation relative to clarifying property tax exemptions for solar and wind systems. Revenue.
S.1901 SD.608 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 1901) of Michael J. Rodrigues, Paul A. Schmid, III, Donald F. Humason, Jr. and Carole A. Fiola for legislation relative to energy burdens. State Administration and Regulatory Oversight.
S.1902 SD.693 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 1902) of Michael J. Rodrigues, Paul A. Schmid, III, Norman J. Orrall and Carole A. Fiola for legislation to further define fraud in public construction contracts. State Administration and Regulatory Oversight.
S.1903 SD.915 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 1903) of Michael J. Rodrigues, Paul A. Schmid, III and Carole A. Fiola for legislation to provide for pre-service training for members of local boards and commissions. State Administration and Regulatory Oversight.
S.2181 Senate, March 4, 2019 -- Text of the Senate amendment (Senator Rodrigues) to the House Bill making appropriations for the fiscal year 2019 to provide for supplementing certain existing appropriations and for certain other activities and projects (House, No. 3506).
S.2257 SD.2462 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 2257) of Michael J. Rodrigues, Alan Silvia, Paul A. Schmid, III and Carole A. Fiola (with the approval of the mayor and city council) for legislation to authorize employees of the city of Fall River the ability to apply with the Fall River Retirement Board to purchase credible service for military service. Public Service. [Local Approval Received.]
S.2258 SD.2315 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 2258) (subject to Joint Rule 12) of Michael J. Rodrigues, Patricia A. Haddad, Steven S. Howitt, Carole A. Fiola and other members of the General Court for legislation to designate a certain building in the city of Fall River as the Captain Thomas Hudner Jr. Memorial Building. Environment, Natural Resources and Agriculture.
S.2275 SD.2476 By Mr. Rodrigues, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 2275) of Michael J. Rodrigues and Paul A. Schmid, III (by vote of the town) for legislation to provide for recall elections in the town of Westport. Election Laws. [Local Approval Received.]
H.3864 HD.4279 By Representative Haddad of Somerset and Senator Rodrigues, a joint petition (accompanied by bill, House, No. 3864) of Patricia A. Haddad and Michael J. Rodrigues (by vote of the town) that the town of Swansea be authorized to grant up to six additional licenses for the sale of all alcoholic beverages to be drunk on the premises. Consumer Protection and Professional Licensure. [Local Approval Received.]
H.3959 HD.4320 By Representative Straus of Mattapoisett and Senator Rodrigues, a joint petition (subject to Joint Rule 12) of William M. Straus and Michael J. Rodrigues for legislation to establish a sick leave bank for Timothy Cuthbert, an employee of the Department of State Police. Public Service.
H.3960 HD.4321 By Representative Straus of Mattapoisett and Senator Rodrigues, a joint petition (subject to Joint Rule 12) of William M. Straus and Michael J. Rodrigues for legislation to establish a sick leave bank for Sandra Cuthbert, an employee of the Massachusetts Maritime Academy. Public Service.
* — Legislator is not a sponsor of this measure.
Most Popular Bills
H.2007 An Act for no organized head impacts to schoolchildren
H.545 An Act relative to sun safety
S.203 An Act relative to athletic recreation facilities
S.245 An Act concerning athletic activities of students with disabilities
H.2430 An Act relative to the use of community preservation funds
H.2155 An Act relative to the availability of personal floatation devices at certain municipal and recreational programs and camps
H.3503 An Act relative to baseline concussion testing for student athletes
H.3097 An Act prohibiting the practice of coal rolling
H.2580 An Act relative to charges associated with condominiums in tax title
H.1345 An Act to require sexual harassment prevention training
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FDA Cleared MediPines Gas Exchange Monitor Measures Freedivers’ Lung Efficiency in Ground-Breaking Study April 12, 2019
MediPines Announces FDA Clearance of Breakthrough Respiratory Device, the MediPines Gas Exchange Monitor January 30, 2019
Positive Clinical Results Presented at American Thoracic Society (ATS) Conference in San Diego, California. May 20, 2018
Advancing Respiratory Medicine
Gas Exchange Monitor
Parameters and Unique Indices
Uses and Benefits
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Medipines > News > Medical
Category Archives: Medical
FDA Cleared MediPines Gas Exchange Monitor Measures Freedivers’ Lung Efficiency in Ground-Breaking Study
12 Apr 2019 Medical freedivers, gas exchange in the lungs, medical device, medical tech, pulmonary gas exchange, Respiratory Monitor
Successful Study Findings Unveiled by University of British Columbia Researchers at International Conference in Orlando, Florida
ORANGE COUNTY, Calif., April 12, 2019 /PRNewswire/ — Novel physiologic results on world elite freedivers’ using the non-invasive MediPines Gas Exchange Monitor (https://bit.ly/2YVAG1M) were presented at the Experimental Biology 2019 conference. Dr. Philip Ainslie, Co-Director of the Centre for Heart, Lung and Vascular Health at the University of British Columbia, with his research team, conducted the study in Split, Croatia.
The recently FDA 510(k) cleared, MediPines Gas Exchange Monitor is a breakthrough, portable respiratory monitoring device invented to provide real-time, clinically actionable data. This ground-breaking technology is transforming the approach to measuring pulmonary gas exchange in a wide variety of clinical settings, relevant for the 33 million patients in the US (350 million globally), who suffer from respiratory disease.
The physiological demands placed on these world-class athletes are tremendous. “The transient stress on their lungs is similar to what is observed in patients who suffer from cardiac and respiratory disease.” It has been challenging, in the past, to assess the consequences of deep dives on pulmonary gas exchange, especially during true field-based conditions. “Measuring oxygen deficit has allowed us to establish the impact of ‘lung squeeze’ on gas exchange inefficiency in elite freedivers,” stated Dr. Philip Ainslie.
Oxygen deficit was developed for detecting gas exchange inefficiency using a simple, non-invasive method. “Understanding gas exchange inefficiency in respiratory patients is fundamental to improving patient outcomes,” according to Dr. John B. West, the world-renowned physiologist who pioneered the concept.
Freedivers place themselves in extreme conditions, which push the outer limits of human lung physiology and can lead to high oxygen deficit. The device provided rapid feedback to the research team tasked with assessing the freedivers’ gas exchange status. “We hope that our device will continue to aid clinicians by providing patients’ respiratory status rapidly and conveniently in situations where direct gas exchange measurement is either difficult or impossible; the device also has clear application to field-based conditions,” said Steve Lee, CEO of MediPines.
About MediPines:
MediPines Corporation, based in Orange County, California, is a pioneering medical device company established to advance respiratory medicine. For more information, visit https://medipines.com/.
For more information about University of British Columbia’s Centre for Heart, Lung and Vascular Health, visit https://chlvh.ok.ubc.ca/.
View original content to download multimedia:http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/fda-cleared-medipines-gas-exchange-monitor-measures-freedivers-lung-efficiency-in-ground-breaking-study-300831089.html
SOURCE MediPines
MediPines Announces FDA Clearance of Breakthrough Respiratory Device, the MediPines Gas Exchange Monitor
30 Jan 2019 Medical
ORANGE COUNTY, Calif., Jan. 29, 2019 /PRNewswire/ — MediPines Corporation announced today it has received FDA 510(k) market clearance on its new non-invasive medical device, the MediPines Gas Exchange Monitor. The MediPines Gas Exchange Monitor provides clinicians with real-time pulmonary parameters and insights to support rapid triage and treatment decisions for respiratory conditions.
The MediPines Gas Exchange Monitor is the first technology of its kind to integrate a comprehensive set of respiratory parameters and innovative indices analyzed from a patient’s normal breathing samples in a simple, easy to administer breathing test in only a few minutes.
SOURCE: https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/medipines-announces-fda-clearance-of-breakthrough-respiratory-device-the-medipines-gas-exchange-monitor-300785572.html
MediPines Announces Research Collaboration with UC San Diego Medical Team to Monitor Pulmonary Gas Exchange Non-Invasively
10 May 2017 Health Care, Medical
ORANGE COUNTY, California, May 10, 2017 — MediPines announced today that it has been partnering with the University of California San Diego (UC San Diego) to advance development of a novel, non-invasive medical device designed to monitor pulmonary gas exchange (i.e. lung function).
Clinical Trial Results Published in CHEST Demonstrate Feasibility for Non-Invasive Gas Exchange Concept. February 13, 2018
contact@medipines.com
Copyright © 2019 Medipines. All rights reserved.
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Roy Oswalt turned down the “very interested” Tigers
By Aaron GleemanJan 23, 2012, 1:13 PM EDT
Danny Knobler of CBSSports.com–who was a longtime beat writer in Detroit–reports that the Tigers “were very interested” in Roy Oswalt, but “he didn’t want to go to Detroit.”
There’s been plenty of speculation that the Red Sox dumped Marco Scutaro and his $6 million salary on the Rockies in order to clear the payroll space needed to make a strong run at Oswalt, so presumably he likes the notion of playing in Boston more than Detroit.
Oswalt remains good enough at age 34 that he could provide a big rotation upgrade to just about every team, but his health is a big question mark and the Tigers aren’t desperate for rotation help with Max Scherzer, Doug Fister, Rick Porcello, and perhaps top prospect Jacob Turner behind Cy Young winner Justin Verlander.
Tags: Colorado Rockies, Detroit Tigers, Doug Fister, Jacob Turner, Justin Verlander, Marco Scutaro, Max Scherzer, Philadelphia Phillies, Rick Porcello, Roy Oswalt
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Copyright 2019 © QuinStreet Inc. All Rights Reserved
SUSE Accelerates Linux Server Development in SLES 11 SP 2
Tuesday Feb 28th 2012 by Sean Kerner
SUSE moves to forward port new features to enterprise Linux server.
Updates to enterprise Linux server releases don't typically include rebased Linux kernels. Yet that is indeed what SUSE Linux is doing with SUSE Linux Enterprise Linux Server (SLES) 11 SP2. The new SLES service pack is the first major update to SUSE's flagship platform since the business unit was re-formed as an operating division of Attachmate in 2011.
SLES 11 SP2 includes the Linux 3.0 kernel and provides enterprise support for the Btrfs filesystem. Neither of those items were initially available in the first SLES 11 release back in 2009. SLES 11 SP1 debuted in May of 2010
"We changed our development model in terms of bringing the SLES 11 SP2 platform to market," Kerry Kim, director of solutions marketing at SUSE Linux, told InternetNews.com. "We adopted something that is a bit more forward looking versus the historical approach that had been used."
The traditional approach to Linux enterprise releases is to keep the kernel the same in an effort to maintain compatibility. In that approach, new features are back-ported to the update. SUSE is now taking a different approach and is instead forward-porting compatibility for new features.
Dr. Gerald Pfiefer, senior director of product management at SUSE Linux, noted in the SP1 release that SUSE also rebased the kernel, though in that case it was an exception. With the SP2 update he said there is now a desire and a willingness to move forward instead of constantly backporting technology.
As to the how it's actually possible to include new technologies without breaking backward compatibility, Pfiefer explained that some of the upstream projects have matured. Part of that maturation is a commitment from the projects themselves to have a degree of backward compatibility. SUSE itself has also matured its processes for package inclusion. Pfiefer noted that there are now automated test suites in place to ensure stability of programmatic and binary interfaces.
In cases where that stability isn't in place, SUSE now also has a process.
"As part of an upgrade we can forward port the original interfaces to make sure that whatever was originally there will be present," Pfiefer said.
One of the major new features in SP2 is support for the Btrfs filesystem. Btrfs is a next generation Linux filesystem effort that was originally launched by Oracle. Btrfs provides new snapshotting and rollback capabilities to Linux, that SUSE is expanding upon with the Snapper tool.
Snapper first debuted in the OpenSUSE 12.1 release in November 2011.
"Snapper was a contribution from the enterprise side to OpenSUSE first and now the enterprise side is picking it up too," Pfeifer said.
Sean Michael Kerner is a senior editor at InternetNews.com, the news service of the IT Business Edge Network, the network for technology professionals. Follow him on Twitter @TechJournalist.
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How SUSE Organizes Its Server Linux Operating Systems
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Horrorscope United States
Thanx For Nothin'
Horrorscope
New Machine
Frankenstein (Edgar Winter Cover)
Live Young, Die Free
Nice Day...For A Funeral
Soulitude
Release Date: September 3rd, 1991
Label: Atlantic Records
Categories: Thrash
MetalBite Review by Felix on 5/18/2019 9:06:59 PM
Heavyweight, deadly riffs drag the listener down. The few ones who can withstand these riffs are taken by extremely hefty, doomy guitars which create an enormous vortex in order to get him or her deep under the surface of toxic waters. Welcome to "Horrorscope", the track. Overkill, now a five-piece with two debutants in the guitars, check out the limits in terms of doom. The melody grinds slowly and mercilessly, it's a real feast to become witness to this steamroller, even for stubborn speed lovers like me. "Horrorscope", that much is certain, marks a worthy title track, albeit it does not show a representative approach.
The 6th album of New York's most persistent music formation offers an appropriately wide spectrum. Pretty fast thrashers stand shoulder to shoulder with melancholic feelings and cynical or desperate sections. But the main ingredient is the solid mixture of power and thrash metal which forms especially the tracks of the first half. The more or less experimental side of the band comes through during the second part, albeit the dudes do not develop completely new territories. Positively expressed, the guys avoid any kind of song that could damage their integrity.
"Coma" opens the album with a stage-setting acoustic intro - "Bare Bones" also shines with a spooky opening sequence - and its thrusting guitars ensure a good drive of this eerie mid-paced monument. The song conveys this uncomfortable feeling that separates real metal from radio-friendly rock music. Not to mention the great, intensive ending of this track. The following songs commute between up-tempo and mid-paced parts, they don't lack substance, the new guitarists show their skills and perform strong riffs, leads and solos. In addition, a proper number of breaks does not hurt the flow of the easily comprehensible tracks. In particular the faster sections make clear that the band still does not lack energy and the partly lame The Years of Decay falls more and more in oblivion as I listen to the here presented material. Overkill have never been the most technical formation, but the sharpness of tracks like "Blood Money" illustrate that they are able to score with pretty sharp riffs and an appropriate degree of accuracy. Either way, the first handful of songs always appears to me as a very homogeneous unit with "Coma" being the first among equals.
As already mentioned, the title track gives the album a new direction. This unstoppably rotating millstone sets the stage for another rather mid-paced beast. The stomping "New Machine" has this apocalyptic, oppressive mood that reflects the dictatorial regime which is described in the lyrics. This would be a good soundtrack for a remake of "1984" or "Brave New World" - or you use this music to accompany the pictures of your last holiday in North Korea on YouTube. Kin Jong Un will love you and the slightly industrialized last part of the song. To be honest, I am not quite sure whether he will enjoy this track, but due to whatever reason, I want to have at least one thing in common with this special type of terrorist.
Too bad that two of the last four tracks do not keep the exciting level of songs like "New Machine". Especially the instrumental cover version should be banned. It hurts the flow of the full-length and remains a foreign body. But shit happens, and it is of greater relevance that the properly produced album also scores with two highlights on the last meters. The speedy "Live Young, Die Free" and the thematically connected "Nice Day for a Funeral" with its riffs of steel complement each other ideally. No doubt, the band scores with a good teamwork. Led by Blitz, whose voice reinforces the mood of every track, the instrumentalists, play their parts flawlessly and present themselves as a well aligned combat unit. In view of all these factors, Horrorscope has never had the chance to gather dust on my shelf. And "Horrorscope" (the track) has more to offer than the whole repertoire of some lame doom bands, for example ______ (please make your choice).
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Tom Holland talking about Avengers co-star Robert Downey Jr as a role model is the most heart-warming thing ever
JJ NattrassMonday 12 Mar 2018 10:52 pm
Tom Holland talking about Robert Downey Jr is the heart-warming thing you needed in your life (Picture: Rex)
Avengers: Infinity War is just months away, and it will see Tom Holland and Robert Downey Jr. reprising their roles as Spider-Man and his mentor Iron Man.
Obviously there’s also the rest of the Avengers, both old and new, sharing the screen with them.
But it seems like the prospect of seeing the young British breakout star and the veteran A-lister (also a reformed Hell-raiser) has fans pretty excited.
After all their on-screen chemistry as the wise-cracking old master and young, inexperienced apprentice worked so incredibly well in Spider-Man Homecoming it’s hard not to get hyped about seeing where Marvel Studios will take the characters in the third Avengers film.
That oh-so authentic superhero master/apprentice dynamic seems to have genuinely grown out of something real though, as some of Tom’s comments from working with Robert have resurfaced – and they’re genuinely the most heart-warming things ever.
‘He’s a really good role model for me to have as a young man in this industry,’ says Tom (Picture: Eric Charbonneau/REX/Shutterstock)
In particular it’s the things he said at the premiere of the blockbuster comic flick in Singapore that catch the eye (and tug at your heart-strings for good measure).
Asked what it was like working with the former bad boy of tinsel town on the first Spider-Man film to involve Disney’s Marvel Studios, Tom had this to say:
‘He’s [Robert Downey Jr.] 10 minutes early every day, says hello to every crew member, and it just showed me that it doesn’t matter how famous you get or how much money you make, you should always treat everyone the same.’
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And for good measure he added: ‘He’s a really good role model for me to have as a young man in this industry. If I am ever lucky enough to get there, then I should act as he does.’
Seriously though, that’s wholesome AF isn’t it?
The comments were originally reported by the Straitstimes following the film’s launch at the City-state’s ArtScience Museum.
The two first appeared on screen together back in Captain America: Civil War (2016) before appearing together in Homecoming.
MORE: When will The Avengers discover Agent Phil Coulson is alive?
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Beyonce’s daughter Blue Ivy is on The Lion King soundtrack as album cover revealed
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Ant McPartlin will not host I’m A Celebrity… Get Me Out Of Here! as he recovers from rehab
Emma KellyThursday 9 Aug 2018 3:15 pm
Ant will not be in the jungle (Picture: ITV)
Ant McPartlin will not be hosting I’m A Celebrity… Get Me Out Of Here! this year.
A statement read: ‘Ant McPartlin today announces he will continue to take a break from all television presenting roles until 2019. Ant will not present I’m A Celebrity… Get Me Out Of Here! in November this year.’
It was also confirmed that there will be no new series of Saturday Night Takeaway in 2019, with the statement continuing: ‘In addition Ant and Dec have made the joint decision not to present a new series of Ant & Dec’s Saturday Night Takeaway in Spring 2019.’
It is unknown whether Ant will be replaced, or if Dec Donnelly will host I’m A Celeb alone.
The statement went on: ‘Production and filming for a Saturday Night Takeaway series in February would normally have already started, and continue throughout 2018 and early 2019.
‘Neither Ant & Dec nor ITV wanted to compromise the quality of the show and therefore felt it was better to rest the series next year. They will instead bring the show back in 2020, bigger and better than ever.’
Ant and Dec have presented the show together since 2002 (Picture: James Gourley/ITV/REX/Shutterstock)
Ant, as part of the statement, told fans that he was on the way to recovery.
‘My recovery is going very well and for that to continue having spoken to Dec and ITV, I have made the decision to take the rest of the year off,’ he said.
‘I’d like to thank both Dec and ITV for their continued support and I look forward to getting back to work in the new year.’
And Dec supported his best friend’s decision.
‘Whilst I am obviously sad at the thought of being without my best friend in Australia this year, I am proud of the work Ant has been doing privately and I am fully supportive of his decision,’ Dec said.
‘I’m looking forward to us both being reunited on screen in 2019.’
Ant and Dec have presented the jungle reality series every winter since 2002, with the series usually airing in November.
ITV Director of Television Kevin Lygo said: ‘ITV is completely supportive of Ant taking as much time as he needs in his recovery and of this mutual decision to rest Takeaway in 2019.
‘Ant is clearly making good progress and we wish him all the very best and look forward to him returning to ITV next year. An announcement on I’m A Celebrity plans will be made in due course.’
This announcement comes after ITV chief executive Carolyn McCall said Ant would be welcome back to the channel whenever he was ready.
She said: ‘He will come back when he’s well and when he is ready. ITV will not be putting him under any pressure to come back unless he’s well and fit enough to return.’
Ant missed the final two episodes of Saturday Night Takeaway after he was arrested for drink driving, with Dec hosting the penultimate episode and the Florida finale alone. Dec also hosted the Britain’s Got Talent finals alone.
More: I'm A Celebrity
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Ant, 41, pleaded guilty to driving under the influence of alcohol in April, and was given a fine of £86,000.
The Geordie star entered rehab following his conviction, and has since been seen out and about with new girlfriend Anne-Marie Corbett and sporting an Alcoholics Anonymous tattoo.
He made a return to social media just days ago when he signed a tweet for a young fan, Jess, who is battling neuroblastoma.
A tweet sent from Ant and Dec’s official account read: ‘Hey @RoarForJess, just a little tweet to send you huge love and a big ROAR!!!
‘Big hugs and lots of love from us both A&D xxx.’
MORE: What Jack Fincham and Dani Dyer will do next as they settle into life after Love Island
Ant and DecAnt McPartlinI'm A CelebritySaturday Night Takeaway
Love Island newbie Harley Brash already knows Amber Gill and has connections to previous contestants
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Home / News / Few notice as shutdown really begins this week
Few notice as shutdown really begins this week
Though the media has provided around-the-clock coverage–including tickers counting down the hours at the bottom of the TV screen since last Friday, Dec. 26 actually marked the first full business day of the partial government shutdown.
President Donald Trump canceled his plans to go to Florida, staying at the White House over the Christmas holiday and visited troops in Iraq and Germany.
In a Christmas Day video conference, he said some federal workers affected by the shutdown support him in his fight for $5 billion in funding for the border wall.
“Many of those workers have said to me and communicated, stay out until you get the funding for the wall,” said Trump.
The shutdown, which began at midnight Friday, has left about 25 percent of the federal government closed, affecting an estimated 800,000 workers. As in previous shutdowns, workers not called into work will eventually be paid–for not working. Hey, it’s the government.
So for most Americans, the shut down is a big yawn. The Federal government is the nation’s largest employer and 25 percent not being at the office over a four-day weekend where they would not have been at the office anyway is no big deal, say many.
Since the shutdown fell over the weekend, and Monday and Tuesday were federal holidays, most government employees haven’t felt the effects yet and, with many having scheduled vacation days to fill out the rest of the week it may not be until next week that any noticeable effects are noticed.
But for the few who would have normally returned to work this week, it’s begun.
“Wednesday is really the first day that this kicks in,” acting White House chief of staff Mick Mulvaney said in an interview on Fox News Sunday. “The paychecks, importantly, will go out on the 28th. I want everybody to understand: No one is working without getting paid. Paychecks go out to the 28th; the next pay period that is impacted is Jan. 11.”
In the meantime, the Trump administration is holding firm that the shutdown will continue until Democrats agree to wall off the US-Mexico border.
“I think that it’s very possible that this shutdown will go beyond the 28th and into the new Congress,” said Mulvaney.
Meanwhile, President Trump offered Christmas well-wishes to troops serving overseas.
Speaking by video conference to members of all five branches of the US military, he said, “I want to wish everybody a really Merry Christmas, a Happy New Year. Just remember: the people in our country, we’re very proud of you.”
The president and first lady Melania Trump also sent Christmas greetings to Americans across the US on Christmas Day.
“During the Christmas season, we rejoice in God’s many blessings,” said Mrs. Trump. “We come together with family and friends to spread hope, love, compassion, cheer, and goodwill. And we remember the events of one holy night, more than 2,000 years ago.”
border wall employees federal government shutdown workers 2018-12-27
Dwight Widaman
Tagged with: border wall employees federal government shutdown workers
Previous: Troops in Germany and Iraq respond to First Family’s visit
Next: Is sharing your faith now taboo in America?
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Kansans cut shopping equal to vetoed tax windfall
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YouTube adds smart downloads for Premium Subscribers
Google added Smart Downloads to YouTube Music, a feature that would automatically download the songs and playlists you were most likely to listen to if you were offline. For example, in the woods, or in a poor coverage area. Now, ...
YouTube is making its own choose your own adventure shows
Netflix has Bandersnatch, and now YouTube wants to get into the choose your own adventure market for programming. Interactive media isn’t necessarily new, video games and books have dabbled in the format for decades. Now, w...
YouTube Premium and YouTube Music land in new countries
Google is bringing its YouTube Premium and YouTube Music service to India. For the unaware, YouTube Music is the company’s answer to Spotify as well as a successor of the Google Play Music service. A user can stream music ...
YouTube Original makes its way to India
by Anmol
YouTube has launched its premium YouTube Originals platform in India. The new concept allows YouTube to share its own content online for the users. The platform has been active in other countries and allows YouTube to produce and ...
YouTube Music and YouTube Premium now available in 17 countries
Back in May, Google first officially announced the launch of brand-new music service called YouTube Music and a new ad-free YouTube service called YouTube Premium. Until now, both these services were made available to select users...
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Home » Features » Show Report » London Comic Con October 2017
LONDON COMIC CON
ExCeL London, One Western Gateway, Royal Victoria Dock, London E16 1XL
27–29 October 2017
Snap up your own personalised T-shirt
Fan of Funko! Pops? Get your fix here
by Catherine O'Dolan September 10, 2017
The schools are back so we all need something to look forward to for the first half-term of the year. And there’s nowhere better to escape from it all that London Comic Con. Here are some highlights of London Comic Con 27-29 October:
Potter heads will be positively apoplectic at the thought of meeting Argus Filch aka actor David Bradley, who appeared in Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (2004) and Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone (2001). Fans of furry characters of Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry note that Mrs Norris, Filch’s faithful feline friend, is staying at Hogwarts for the holidays. Pop culture fans will also recognise Bradley from his appearances in Dr Who and Captain America: The First Avenger (2011).
Did you know? J.K. Rowling has stated that she named Mrs Morris after a character in Mansfield Park.
Who’d have thought Argus Filch
was a closet Jane Austen fan?!
ALL THINGS MARVEL
The brand new Marvel area will feature fan experiences and products galore to peruse with the latest super hero collectables, toys and apparel, exclusive artwork and thrilling content from the Marvel Universe.
COMIC VILLAGE
Not only can you feast your eyes on thousands of comics with ‘kapok’ (and other Batman-esque battle cries), there’s a chance to be inspired to create your own, with live drawing sessions with comic-book artists and presentations from the best writers and creators in the world of sequential art (yeah, a fancy words for ‘comics’).
COSPLAY CHAMPIONSHIP
Get hot tips from the cosplay connoisseurs as they strut their stuff in amazing costumes – always one of the highlights of any Comic Con. For those who want to get competitive with their costumes, there’s a chance to compete for glory (register for the Cosplay Masquerade in advance). And don’t worry about having a costume fail while you’re there: the Cosplay Area has repair tool kits to fix up any mishaps!
Did you know? Many superstars are fans of Comic Con, including Daniel Radcliffe of Harry Potter fame.
How did he manage to go
incognito among the crowds?
He cosplayed – as Spiderman!
SPECIAL STAR PANELS
One of the big attractions of Comic Con is the special guest panelists that give you a behind-the-scenes insight of the shows and brands that we love. Whether it’s the voice talent of your favourite anime (past shows have included Adventure Time‘s Finn and Princess Bubblegum, see main photo above), the artists who create amazing special effects or a chance to quiz the writers and actors on whatever insider secrets you’re dying to know! Plus, in a show where you’re spending a lot of time on your feet, it’s nice to have a chance to sit for a while…
For more suggestions on how to make the most of your visit, see our ‘What’s So Cool about Comic Con’
Southbank Centre Winter Festival
International Toy Fair | 2014
Playtime Paris | 2013
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Home / ArtUpcoming Beakerhead 2016 Celebrates Art, Science, and Engineering
Upcoming Beakerhead 2016 Celebrates Art, Science, and Engineering
By Eugene Kim on August 22, 2016
Each year, Calgary hosts a citywide event known as Beakerhead—a spectacular smashup highlighting the intersections of innovative creativity. For five days, this interactive extravaganza is the entertaining epicenter of the convergence of art, science, and engineering. This year’s festivities—taking place September 14-18, 2016—continues to feature an assortment of visually stimulating celebrations, energetic events, gregarious gatherings, exhilarating performances, and all-around fun!
With a mission to “stimulate ingenuity; engage the public in science, engineering, and art; break down barriers between people and sectors; inspire tomorrow’s workforce; build the economy; and most importantly, learn by doing,” Beakerhead is spearheading a progressive movement in education and enlightenment through entertainment.
A number of exciting events are lined up across the city, inviting audiences to welcome the sublime spectacles with an open mind and interact with the various installations. Highlights include the much-anticipated unveiling of the fully immersive BASS Ship, an outdoor gallery of art and engineering (including a variety of mechanical sculptures), interactive street art, classrooms of creators, larger-than-life theater, and a return performance by Jay Ingram and his band, the Cosmonauts—described as “part space love affair, part rock ’n roll.”
Because there are so many awesome events taking place during the five days, we’ve highlighted a few that stood out from the rest, below. You can also view Beakerhead’s full 2016 calendar on their website.
Rock ’n Roll History of Space Exploration – Join Jay Ingram and his band, the Cosmonauts, on a visual and musical journey through an era when the idea of space exploration was only a dream. Those dreams created the space age and have indeed come true. Meet a real astronaut (and now Chancellor of the University of Calgary!) at the 7:00 pm show, Dr. Robert Thirsk.
Four-to-Six – Street experiments, big-time science busking, mobile contraptions and a cacophony of artists and performers await. Roll up your pant legs and try the cornstarch walk, or meet the maker of an electrical brain. Bring your co-workers or family to this daily open-air happy hour and see a side of the greatest adventure story on earth – yes, science and engineering!
More than 16 activations to explore, including a father-son creation called the Borealis, the original Calgary MakerBus, a mind-bending Camera Obscura or a student-made Brainstorm. Test your voice to see if you sound “authoritative.” Channel your Jackson Pollock with milk paint. Hop into the Lumbering Contraption, a human-sized hamster wheel. There’s more to do than makes this page.
Torched – Calgary’s celebrated chefs and award-winning mixologists are gathering at this urban compound for a live experience designed to jolt your expectations. A warehouse turned skate lab is the setting for a beautifully forged experience. To forge: give form or shape to something by means of careful e ort. Factor in tall cocktails and even taller crane rides, and you have the making of a most memorable evening.
Touch – Touch is a unique, blindfolded sensory adventure that mixes storytelling with the best of the Aveda salon experience, not to mention the latest in scientific and performance research. When was the last time you went to a play at a hair school? This short and tactile theatrical experience is created by Ghost River Theatre in association with the Aveda Institute Calgary. This is part three of Ghost River Theatre’s Six Senses Performance Series.
Each 45-minute performance includes an audience of 10. Hope you like having your hair washed with Aveda products!
Seven Wonderers – Some say science holds the greatest adventure stories on earth – in the hands of the right storytellers! This evening of sparkling storytelling will take you to the frontlines of science—seven stories with music to match—all brought to life by researchers, broadcasters, and brilliant minds. Prepare to see the human side of discovery!
Love Lab: The Darker Side of Relationships – Relationships are full of slings and arrows that can sometimes spark a deep desire to “pay back” perceived offenses. In a word, it’s about power. Dr. Susan Boon from the University of Calgary and Dr. Stephen Yoshimura from the University of Montana explore revenge in this animated and scientific evening, held in one of the world’s oldest love labs—a pub! Everyone welcome, even if you don’t have revenge on your mind.
Beakernight – Prepare for a night full of quirky surprises in a massive outdoor gallery of art and engineering. Beakernight will illuminate the streets of Bridgeland with interactive works and performances, live music, the Beakerbar (including Absolut cocktails)—and of course, the odd pedal-powered brain, can-crushing cow, human-sized hamster wheel, as well as the international public premiere of Calgary’s own Blazin’ Lily Gals and their re-breathing botany, just to name a few. Find your true self at the crossroads of art, science, and engineering!
By the way, there is no dress code. Really. This is a time to show the true you—as wild and wacky or as simple and true as you feel in your inner core. Show up!
Here are a few more images from upcoming, returning, and past events to rev you up for Beakerhead 2016:
BASS Ship by Beama Visual Environments
Beakernight (Cynthia Radford)
Nibbles by Amanda Parer (Nick Sharkey)
Tentacles by Filthy Luker and Pedro Estrellas (Technoma Niak)
Saturnian by Bee Kingdom Glass
Adults Only Night (Katie Novak)
Spectral Illuminations (Brett Morrison)
Beakerhead biker (Neil Zeller)
Beakerhead: Website | Facebook
All images courtesy of Beakerhead.
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Production Has Ended On The Small New Nintendo 3DS
By My Nintendo News Admin July 13, 2017
22 Comments on Production Has Ended On The Small New Nintendo 3DS
The New Nintendo 3DS with the interchangeable coverplates is no longer in production. The news was announced today by Nintendo Japan. The system hasn’t proved to be as popular as the New Nintendo 3DS XL, which rules the roost. The current models of the Nintendo 3DS will be the New Nintendo 3DS XL and the upcoming New Nintendo 2DS XL.
Tags: discontinued new nintendo 3ds
brightstarbeing says:
Welp, time to ditch the “XL” moniker.
GerikDT says:
Damn it. Well, then I guess I’ll have to settle for stretched out pixels if I need a new one.
l0veisblu3 says:
The beginning of the end.
You did great 3DS, you can rest now.
“That’ll do, pig. That’ll do.”
And eventually, they’ll announce that ALL new 3DS systems are no longer going to be produced. I’ve been waiting all this time in hopes that they’d release a SNES edition before buying one (since they released a Super Famicom edition in Japan). But I still haven’t seen one. I’ll never own one unless they release a Super NES edition.
steveb944 says:
At this point you’ll never own one then. I doubt they would release one this late.
RIP a bunch of naysayers wanted it here because of the faceplates, guess they didn’t want it that badly.
DemiGOD says:
I held out for one but my buddy ended up selling me his N3dsXL for $80 before the small one got announced here in the states. I couodnt pass that up lol
The end is nigh. The 3DS has had an amazing run and was Nintendo’s saver during the Wii U’s life cycle
gamer2006 says:
And I never got one of these…
tobiyyah says:
I just know it will be the day when the Nintendo Handheld and home console will become one Hip hip hurray.
Until then the fans has the XL and 2DS to play, while I get on my broom and float away.
dremurf313 says:
….um, I think that day is here. They call it THE NINTENDO SWITCH!! Lol
Much better, Your Gruntiness. But we still have to do a little work on Metre.
Colin MacKeen (@ColinMacKeen) says:
If it wasn’t already obvious The 3DS will be fazed out in 2018, this means Pokemon should be coming to the system during the 2018 holiday season or early 2019 and the system will be at its peak in 2019/2020.
The last 3DS Pokémon will be this November.
Metallinatus says:
I like how this is the only one of 3 sites I saw that didn’t go “Nintendo stops New 3DS production in Japan” in the title leaving out the important “only the standard version” information out of it….
I will give you twice as many clicks I gave them for that.
myownfriend says:
I’ve been wondering if they were gonna do this. It’s for this exact reason that they didn’t release the regular New 3DS in the States outside of a bundle. It’s unfortunate because I know people who prefer the smaller size of the regular 3DS. Luckily the design of the New 2DS XL has nearly the same gripping area as the regular with the width and screen sizes of the XL.
ariycon says:
I hope that in 2020 they announce a new 3DS with near Wii U graphics (or better) and contain a 720p OLED screen, and multitouch on both screens…..hopefully better cameras. But something that is more mobile than switch. …switch is a home system, the point is that its simple in design that you can bring it anywhere (for a very limited time) that same year we well probably see a “switch pro” much like the Xbox one X. But i don’t see Nintendo doing like Xbox in that all new games well still work for the gen one switch.
cubits12x says:
Hope we get a Switch XL
10″ monitor with 4k display.
What? Am I too old to dream?
Ridley X3 {Jaded Ninty fan. Greatness Awaits at Sony PlayStation 4. Awaiting Greatness on Nintendo Switch; just need cloud storage, add external HDD support, & to eliminate the need for that stupid Nintendo Switch Online App on smartphones.} says:
They did the same with the Wii U’s 8gb set, aka basic set, when they realized 8gbs was stupid & that most people were getting the 32gb one instead. Yet Wii U continued for a time even after that. So the small n3DS getting canned doesn’t mean the 3DS as a whole is out the door soon. If they truly are gonna support it in 2018, you still have all of this year, next year, & some of 2019 for the 3DS to continue selling in the market.
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Former Nintendo Russia Employees Are Accusing CEO Yasha Haddaji Of Blackmailing, Abuse, Sexual Harassment & More
By ssf1991 November 17, 2018
15 Comments on Former Nintendo Russia Employees Are Accusing CEO Yasha Haddaji Of Blackmailing, Abuse, Sexual Harassment & More
Remember the video of Nintendo of Russia CEO Yasha Haddaji’s live stream meltdown? That was only a small example of what it’s like to work there. Former employees have decided to speak up about Haddaji’s actions in the company. Haddaji is accused of blackmailing, abuse, bad temperament, stress, sexual harassment, and much more. Below is just half of the stories that former employees shared in an interview with Kanobu that was posted today.
Level Up 2017’s Dmitry Steblev, seen in the video, Says that Haddaji “grabbed me by the badge on my neck and yanked toward himself, right in front of the main stage. Called me an idiot, and said he won’t pay me anything”. Steblev also says that “as far as he could tell, was equally abusive toward all his subordinates and wasn’t shy about going off at them in English, Russian and French equivalents of F-bombs”.
Steblev also says that “couple of times I was at the office and in each case he was, so to speak, uncouth while addressing his subordinates. While I was there, he stepped out into the hallway and asked: “And where is she?” The F-word flies off his tongue in every other sentence. He also constantly threatens to fire people, saying ‘I pay your salary.’ I also know he broke one female worker down to tears and cracked jokes about some employees’ BMI. And then he told everybody that nothing had happened”. Steblev is concerned that “he can actually lay his hands on somebody” in the future, and that “any kind of a stressful situation throws him into a fit of rage”.
Miroslava Basnak, Nintendo Russia’s former social media manager, also had things to share. Basnak says that “He used to constantly bring me into his office for face-to-face meetings. Probably so the others couldn’t hear his language. He uses highly abusive words in a mix of Russian and English. Sometimes there’s French. He also pried into my personal circumstances, asked who I was cohabiting with and how did I make my living while searching for a job. He checked my social media and found some pages that I didn’t even use at the time (fake or empty profiles). He also made me take down my photos with ‘provocative undertones.’ He then showed me what pictures I should delete”. Basnak also says that Haddaji “constantly talks to you like you’re an idiot, asking if you’re getting what he’s telling you. He also made fun of my British English accent”.
According to Basnak, Haddaji and Nintendo Russia really doesn’t care about their Russian fans. Basnak says that “people who actually love the games do get less money. They don’t like fans in Nintendo Russia. When you tell anybody you’re a gamer, they look at you strangely. Perhaps they think that if you love Nintendo so much it’s some sort of an honor to work for them so you don’t need to actually get paid. The people who come to the company from other businesses and don’t know the first thing about Nintendo and its products get bigger salaries. By the way, everybody who thinks that Nintendo Russia is making huge money for Nintendo of Europe are gravely mistaken”.
Basnak continues, saying that “the leadership is highly ineffective. He bottlenecked all processes through himself, he micromanages everything. He doesn’t let anybody do anything. He wouldn’t even let me publish social media posts from Nintendo of Europe until after he’d gone over them personally. He thought they also were idiots. “He used to say that the European branch is staffed by “[f-word]ing [r-word]s.” And the Russian branch, too”.
Haddaji will also sexually harass his female co-workers. Basnak says that “he did approach me very closely during our conversations, touched my shoulders and arms, it’s strange, but not a, strictly speaking, harassment. But other girls did complain about that”. A former employee that wished to remain anonymous also said that “everything that former employees say in their interviews is true. I get the anonymity thing—we are all deeply afraid, even after all the years. And to those ex-employees who say that the sexual harassment thing is made up, I can say only this: “Be glad that you think so, be glad that you weren’t the ones touched by it”.
The same employee also confirms that “everybody in the Russian office is in fear of the CEO. Not many people know that it’s actually a Russian branch of Hell. The ex-employees only tell stories in whispers. I’m finally capable of calmly writing about my experiences without instantly deleting the messages”. The bulk of the former employees said, very bluntly, that “all the problems are caused by the toxic CEO who frequently escalates personal conflicts while pursuing his own goals, making accomplishing the actual work difficult for everybody involved”.
Former employees say that Haddaji would treat you very nicely in public. However, as another anonymous former employee explained, “of course Yasha wouldn’t harass his employees in front of witnesses. He’s married, after all, and it could’ve been bad for his marriage. But he did harass me. And I’m sure he was livid it didn’t go anywhere”.
As for why employees put up with this, the anonymous former employee says that “firstly, the salary was great. Secondly, many people knew that if you quit after a fight with Yasha, he would do anything possible for you not to be able to find work for a very long time. At least in this industry. And how do you quit without having an argument with your boss? He’s really thin-skinned. And it’s scary to think of yourself without a place of employment. Some have mortgages, some have families, some have rent. Lots of reasons. Everybody needs money”.
Steblev also confirms that Haddaji will blackmail employees, saying that “I also heard that he calls up the companies looking to hire people who have been fired by him. I hope it doesn’t happen every single time. I know he did tell my employer some bad stuff about me—I was told so”.
So why is Haddaji doing all this? Another former employee that wished to remain anonymous said that “he has a multi-year contract with Nintendo that makes him think he can do whatever he wants”. Basnak also says that his behavior was reported, but “they were ignored by the European branch [of Nintendo]. I wanted to write to the HQ myself, but I quit before I got to do that”.
Tags: Nintendo Nintendo Russia Yasha Haddaji
Published by ssf1991
View all posts by ssf1991
狐ちゃん says:
Basnak also says that his behavior was reported, but “they were ignored by the European branch [of Nintendo]. I wanted to write to the HQ myself, but I quit before I got to do that”.
This needs to be retweeted until Nintendo of Europe fires him to protect their image.
This is unacceptable indeed.
megamansurvives says:
Terrible. This man needs to be fired. I hate that people like this can get in a position of power. People need good bosses. Not this crap.
Hopefully, he is taken down and taken down soon. His actions tarnish Nintendo’s image.
If this guy is anything like Trump, he can do or say anything he wants and will never have to face the consequences.
superpaperluigi says:
Where is your evidence?
dannybogard says:
This site needs to communicate this directly with Nintendo. This is an absolute atrocity
He,ll get bit in the end!!
Hery (@HerrySis) says:
He’s done…
This guy needs to be fired NOW.
Nintendo vs. The World says:
This got ugly real quick… and I’m not even talking about his mug. Guy needs to go.
Fire him. This needs to go all the way to the top of Nintendo, period. Their Image depends on it.
ramblinghomo says:
I hope some of the above people are also sending this to Nitnendo’s twitter.
Many years ago I worked for an abusive boss. She would manipulate my hours so I worked everyday for weeks on end and then not schedule me in for ages so my wages always remained poor. Followed by swearing at staff, expecting the undoable in small hours and being very unpredictable in her mood.
It ended up with me on antidepressants and the stress the job gave me turned me into a rude person for many years. Lost a good relationship because of how I was. It was only after leaving and finally getting a job with a good boss who looked after and coached his staff that everything fell back into place. Workplace stress can ruin parts of people’s lives. It’s not acceptable.
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darthchrisb says:
In Soviet Nintendo, gamers play with you.
Leave a Reply to Hery (@HerrySis) Cancel reply
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Hotels in Lokoja
Room , Adult Change Search
Average Nightly Rate:
Guest Rating:
Short Stay Apartment (0)
Vacation Home (0)
Air Condition (10)
DSTV (8)
Bar/Lounge (10)
24hrs Room Service (10)
Free Parking (10)
Airport Transportation (3)
24hrs Electricity (9)
Free Breakfast (0)
Meeting Facilities (6)
Elevator to floors (0)
Hotels options:
Nitestay.com doesn't charge cancellation fees
We are just a phone call away:
About Lokoja
Whether it is for business or pleasure, you will find different hotels in Lokoja depending on your need. Lokoja is the capital of Kogi state, located in north central Nigeria. the city itself lies at the confluence of the Niger and Benue rivers, this is why Kogi state is called "the confluence state."
Lokoja was significant during the British colonialism as it served as the capital of the Northern Protectorate and even after it was moved to Kano, it remained a significant administrative town or the British colonial government after the amalgamation of the northern and southern protectorates into one nation called Nigeria in 1914. The city was said to be the first place the British settled in what came to be Nigeria and even the name of the country was named by the wife of Lord Lugard, Flora Shaw, while looking over the River Niger at Lokoja. Lokoja is a city that has an influence of all the three ethnic groups in Nigeria, Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba.
As a matter of fact, the origin of the name, "Lokoja" has different versions from different ethnic group. So the city is unique for its admixture of culture and religion. Lokoja is a largely public service state. Due to how important it is to the colonial administration in Nigeria, most of the tourist attraction sites are connected to the British.
The historic and attraction centres in Lokoja include the site of the Iron of Liberty, the exact place where the late Bishop Ajayi Crowther organised anti-slavery campaigns in Nigeria; the first primary school in Northern Nigeria; National Museum of Colonial History, which contains the statue of Lord Lugard and other artefacts of the colonial rule; Mount Patti, on the top of which is Lord Lugard's rest house, his statue and that of his wife; World war Cenotaph, where fallen soldiers of the world wars 1 and 2 were buried; Ohinoyi of Ebira palace, a beautiful architectural edifice; Lugard Beach any many more sites for sightseeing.
Lokoja is an affordable city and the hotels in Lokoja vary on the type and facilities of the hotels.
Nostalgia Hotel & Suites
Lokongoma Phase II Off Lokoja-Okene Expressway, Lokoja, Kogi
Pay at Check in
Edgedrive Hotel
23 Kunama Street, GRA, Lokoja, Kogi
Alama Hotel & Resort
Hassan Katsina Road, Lokoja, Kogi
Graj Hotel
Jerry Agbaji Close, Hill Top Haven, GRA, Lokoja, Kogi
JF Diamond Tulip Guest House
Plot KW 2015, Tunde Ogbeha Street, GRA, Lokoja, Kogi
Sifa Garden Hotel
Ogori-Ekpe Road, Magongo, Lokoja, Kogi
Rock Garden Hotels
Rock Garden Avenue, Lokoja, Kogi
Skye-Bridge Hotel
Opposite 500 Units Estate, Ganaja Road, Lokoja, Kogi
Halim Hotel & Tower
6 A&B Ganaja Junction, Lokoja, Kogi
Xclusive Tavern Hotel
No 5 Xclusive Road, Lokoja, Kogi
You can book online & pay at check-in!
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Widow’s sale of $703-a-month apartment lease at center of dispute
By Josh Kosman
The Bellevue Men's Shelter Shutterstock
rent stabilization
Rent reform laws stir woes in NYC's real estate industry
It's looking like a conspiracy to destroy the city's housing market
NYC rent board approves increases for stabilized apartments
Landlord groups planning lawsuit over new NY rent law
A group of 17 state lawmakers on Tuesday urged a federal appeals court to protect one of the most treasured rights of a million New Yorkers — to pass on to family members a rent-stabilized lease even if forced to declare bankruptcy.
That right will be argued next month in a Manhattan courtroom after two judges ruled the lease of an East Village widow could be sold as any other household asset — like a car or a vacation home — to pay off creditors.
While not included in the state law that protects certain assets from a forced sale in a bankruptcy, rent-stabilized leases had been treated as such. Until now.
The current battle has drawn the attention — and ire — of tenants’ rights advocates and the lawmakers.
“[Treating the lease as common property] would upset the economic, social and cultural diversity that is a hallmark of countless municipalities in New York… [and] lead to rising rates of homelessness,” the lawmakers wrote in their filing.
The case centers on Mary Veronica Santiago-Monteverde, who pays $703 a month for her East 7th Street two-bedroom apartment that she has lived in since 1963.
When her husband died in 2011, she was unable to keep up with her debts and filed for bankruptcy.
In a deal with the court-appointed trustee of Santiago-Monteverde’s case — whose job is to marshal assets to pay creditors — the landlord agreed to pay her $23,000 in mostly credit card debt in exchange for buying the lease.
Under the deal, the landlord, JVG Management, allowed Santiago-Monteverde to stay in the apartment she shares with her son for the rest of her life and promised to keep her rent at $703 a month.
Under the terms of the lease sale, the son would not get the apartment.
“We believe that those who are opposing the trustee’s sale of the lease have lost sight of what is best for Mrs. Santiago-Monteverde,” David Dantzler, the lawyer for the trustee, said.
“This solution allows her to remain in her apartment for the remainder of her life at her current rent, and have her debts paid in full,” Dantzler added, noting that the law is clear and those who oppose the law should take their case to Albany — not to court.
The appeals court hearing is set for Oct. 14.
“It is fair to say,” Jenny Greenberg, who is representing the tenant said, “the landlord lobby is watching this very closely.”
The appellate court should avoid “granting a windfall to bankruptcy creditors (even landlords) who would ordinarily not be able to reach the lease,” the lawmakers argued in their court filing Tuesday.
Landlord JVG declined to comment.
Filed under leases , rent stabilization
Flatiron's finance firm boosts Sixth Avenue
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BRAND BUILDERS
RICH STOWE
PAYROLL HISTORY
by Adam Solowiei on March 6, 2017
Rob Refsnyder Trade Available For 2017 Yankees?
Rob Refsnyder was originally seen as the possible star of the future when the Yankees originally drafted him in 2012. However, the Yankees are now informing other Major League Baseball teams that a Rob Refsnyder trade is an option.
There are obviously a lot of factors at work in this decision by the Yankees. The first of course being the addition of Starlin Castro last season who is the current second baseman of record and did more than enough during the season to ensure it is his job to lose. Rob Refsnyder was an outfield prospect when drafted but was converted to second base in the minors. He never got above the idea that he was a serviceable defender and was never going to be above average.
With that the Yankees also began to experiment with Rob Refsnyder at multiple positions. In his stints in the minors and more recently with the big club, Rob Refsnyder has seen time at first base, second base, third base, right field, and even left field. The Yankees appeared to be working him towards the idea of a super utility man that could serve to spell many other players throughout a season.
A Rob Refsnyder trade is being considered because the Yankees appear to have answers at many of the positions mentioned with Greg Bird and Chris Carter holding down first, Aaron Judge looking to be the right fielder, and veteran’s contracts of Brett Gardner and Chase Headley keeping him from seeing the field. A Rob Refsnyder trade might not be on the table if the Yankees had been able to move Gardner or Headley this off-season.
Rob Refsnyder might not be a perennial All-Star but if he appears to be more than serviceable. His slash line in the minors was .293/.379/.429 in over 2000 plate appearances. That line is more than solid and a reason he has been with the big club the last couple of years. In 200+ plate appearances at the major league level, Rob Refsnyder has slashed .262/.322/.354 which is on par with a player destined for a long but not explosive career as a major league infielder.
I mentioned the previous because it is important to remember that while the Yankees are listening to Rob Refsnyder trade offers there is not a guarantee that they plan on moving the soon to be 26-year-old. The Yankees would be foolish not to listen to offer for almost any player on their roster. In the long term it would make more sense for the Bombers to hope for solid campaigns from Headley and/or Gardner and attempt to move them at the All-Star break to a contender. That would clear an everyday path for Rob Refsnyder to see the field. Economics are always a factor and both Headley and Gardner have larger investments by acquiring teams.
In short, I would not expect this announcement to end with a Rob Refsnyder trade and rather just an exercise in diligence by Cashman and the rest of the front office while opening communications lines for other players down the road. Rob Refsnyder was a trade chip in the past, when the Yankees could have sent him and Adam Warren for Ben Zobrist and instead they chose to turn down the offer and keep them. While you can argue that many ways, it is important to remember then had a solid offer for him and turned it down. Don’t freak out just yet and let everything play out. Cashman and crew and doing their job and we should expect nothing less.
Here at NY Yankees Digest we are all for readers commenting but can we make a suggestion? Why don’t you write your own piece? It can be 3000 words or even 300. Here we encourage different opinions and want to give you a chance to build your brand. Join us and let your voice be heard. Just check out the Write With Us link to get started. Don’t worry its easy and remember you can build you brand by writing with us and not for us. That is the big difference. It is all about you in your words.
Should the Yankees trade Rob Refsnyder?
It Depends
Adam Solowiei
Adam is the creator and owner of New York Yankees Digest which specializes in delivering rich unique content to the ever-growing internet and social media audience. As a writer with an affinity for baseball, he is devoted to providing a fact-based, unfiltered analysis of the sport while always remembering to have a little fun. Adam was previously a lead writer, editor, and co-owner of Sports Unbiased as well as Unbiased Media as a whole. Adam is also a Lifetime member of the Internet Baseball Writers Association of America (IBWAA). Adam has an AS in Electronic Systems and a BAS in Electronic Engineering Technology.
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Glow worms and coal on the West Coast
Last night after dinner we headed to the north side of Hokitika to the glow worm dell. This small hidden dell just a 100 or so metre’s from the main road is home to untold glow worms that glow in the darkness primarily to catch food and secondly to attract a mate during the breeding season. We needed torches to see our way up the path but the signs advised shining lights downward so as not to disturb the glow worms or they stop glowing. What an amazing sight of hundred’s of these little blue glowing dots across the rock face. On our way out we spotted another couple of glowing eyes, that of a pair of Opossum's ( or Possums for short) that had come out looking for food. These animals are naturally nocturnal and are rarely seen in daylight.
Believe it or not this is a road/rail bridge north of Hokitika.
Today we left Hokitika for Blackball, a small mining town just east of Greymouth. This little town is steeped in history as being the birthplace of Communism and Unions in New Zealand. It also has a hotel which was formerly known as the Blackball Hilton which has had a legal wrangle with the Hilton hotel chain overseas over copyright of the name. What a fuss about nothing.
Formerly the Blackball Hilton
The union business came about when mine bosses insisted on the miners only having 15 minute lunch break where all the other mines allowed 30 minutes. Strikes,sackings, and a general country wide support eventually led to the start of the Labour movement and the beginning of the welfare state we enjoy today. At the present time there is an exhibition being held in the town spelling out the full history of this towns claim to fame. There is also a wheel of honour to all the workers killed in the workplace since 1990 and listed on the wheel are the names of the miners killed during this time.
Wheel of remembrance at Blackball of workers and miners killed since 1990. A memorial stone to the 29 miners killed at Pike River Mine has also been erected
After taking in all this history we were pointed in the right direction to see what is left of the old mine which closed during the 1950’s. Apparently the mine suffered badly with flooding and became unviable. The State Mining Company opened up another mine just across the valley.
All that remains of the air pump supplying air into the the Blackball mine.
One of the towns streets is very straight and wide which is where the aerial rope cableway carried the coal from the mine to the railway yards. Eventually the railway was bought closer to the mine and a different method of transportation was put into place.
The last visible remnants of the Blackball Mine.
What goes bang in the Night?
Moving onto Murchison.
Miners Tales.
Reefton.
When is a tour not a tour?
Lest We Forget–The 97th Anzac Commemoration.
Slow retreat back towards Westport.
Relaxation - Fishing and Reading.
Oparara Limestone Arches and Caves.
Karamea the end of the road (almost).
Toyota and Nissan traverse Fords!
Denniston Incline.
Charleston. Gold City.
Punakaiki Pancake rocks.
Greymouth.
Brunner Mine Disaster 1896 .
Hokitika, the Greenstone Capitol.
Pukekura Population - 2
Wet, wet West Coast.
Okarito Lagoon, Nature at it’s best.
Franz Josef Glacier.
Fox Glacier, Lake Matheson, Mountains and Forest.
Franz Josef.
Looks like the road to nowhere!
Haast.
Heavenly Hawea.
Walking through Wanaka.
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Me, You, and Everyone We Know (2005)
This movie is going to affect people very differently. Writer/director Miranda July, a note performance artist, has created a world of people fumbling for human connection. It’s deeply arty, meaning that meaning will be considerably different per viewer. For whatever reason, I was able to ride July’s artistic wavelength and enjoyed the series of oddball characters and weird vignettes, like a chain of cars keeping a goldfish alive atop one of their roofs. The film deals frankly with sexuality and involves teens experimenting, but the film exists in a world where sexuality still had its curiosities and detached humor, truly like a kid’s point of view. This movie has two of the most profoundly romantic moments of any film I’ve seen all year, but they are just moments. Me, and You, and Everyone We Know is a movie built around moments. There are enough of them for me and I appreciated July’s unique voice.
Tags: comedy, drama, indie, john hawkes, miranda july, quirky, romance
Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (2005)
The visuals by Tim Burton are suitably lavish but it’s missing the heart of the 1971 film. I never thought I’d say a movie worked despite Johnny Depp’s performance, but that’s the case here. It was far too off. Whereas Gene Wilder had the dichotomy of warmth and madness, Depp was just the kooky Michael Jackson-esque weirdo in a bobbed haircut (I thought Neverland had been found). Perhaps the added Michael Jackson vibe makes the premise a lot darker, what with luring children into a chocolate factory. Charlie is a really boring character lacking definition beyond his “goodness.” Once they get to the factory he?s basically wallpaper, watching his peers fall one by one to their vices. I’m not sold on a Wonka back-story. I don?t need to know why he is as he is; I need no tormented childhood and daddy issues. This new film has more polish but the old film has more togetherness and lasting power.
Tags: annasophia robb, book, christopher lee, comedy, drama, fantasy, freddie highmore, helena bonham carter, john august, johnny depp, noah taylor, remake, tim burton
The New World (2005)
I’m not a Terrence Malick fan. There, I’ve said it. I think he’s got a great eye for visuals, however, I’ve never been impressed by any of his films. I hated 1998’s The Thin Red Line and its exhausting supply of narrators so much that I wanted to walk out of the theater. The only other movie I felt the same impulse, at the time, was Lost in Space. As you can see, not good company. It’s been a long time since that nightmare so I figured it would only be kind to give Malick another chance. His new film, The New World, looks to deconstruct the mythic relationship between settler John Smith and Native American princess, Pocahontas (perhaps best known for painting with the colors of the wind, or so Disney would have me believe). To my non-surprise, The New World is everything I thought it would be, namely ponderous, pretentious, and quite bad.
It’s 1606, and the world is about to change forever. A cadre of ships bound from England ground ashore on the Virginia coast in search of a settlement and, hopefully, a vibrant colony. The Captain (Christopher Plummer) warns that his men must treat the “naturals” with care; after all, this is their homeland. The Native American inhabitants treat the new settlers with curiosity, poking them, smelling them, and then tolerating their existence … for now. John Smith (Colin Farrell) comes to America in chains, the result of an ill-fated mutiny, but the Captain gives him new life. He commissions Smith to send an envoy deep into the Native American village to seek trading partners. Along the way he is captured and about to be executed when he’s saved by a young girl (Q’Orianka Kilcher), a.k.a. Pocahontas though the name is never spoken once. Smith is allowed to stay with the tribe and he deeply grows fond of Pocahontas. The two are blocked by culture and language, but their feelings persist. Smith is ordered to go back to his people. If they do not leave the land there will be war. The two civilizations are set to butt heads, and the love between Smith and Pocahontas is precariously trapped between.
Oh yeah, and after Smith leaves to go on an exploratory mission for the king, John Rolfe (Christian Bale) comes to the Jamestown settlement to woo Pocahontas himself.
Let’s get this bit of semantics out of the way. Terrence Malick doesn’t make movies, he makes nature documentaries. He doesn’t so much involve a plot as he does a large open space for his characters to pontificate about the world around them, mostly through whispery voice over. Malick fans will take in his artistic capture of sight and sound, but the rest of us out there will be scratching our heads, that is, when we’re not falling asleep. Seriously, how do you edit something like this? How does Malick know that THIS shot of a tree blowing in the wind needs to be slotted here, while this OTHER shot of a tree blowing in the wind needs to definitely come later? Malick is a stubborn mystery. He’s less interested in crafting a good movie than he is breaking the rules of what film can be. That’s all well and dandy when you put out an entertaining product. The only way I think The New World could be entertaining is if: 1) you adore long, poetic scenes of nature, or 2) you hate yourself.
It seems needless to talk about the acting. Farrell (Daredevil, Minority Report) seems like a good choice for a hardluck man overwhelmed by his new environment. Kilcher could be a fine actress, she certainly is rather beautiful, but the jury’s still out on her emoting. Plummer is so good that you’ll miss him dearly when he’s gone. Most of the acting revolves around silence and reactions, which is not the most captivating material.
The cinematography by Emmanuel Lubezki (Sleepy Hollow, Lemony Snicket) is obviously beautiful, taking great pains to showcase Virginia in a near mythic quality. But a film built around pretty pictures and idling characters can only go so far. Your attention span is so strained you may start doing your checkbook in your head. Oh ye God is The New World’s score terrible. It’s like James Horner collapsed on his keyboard, they recorded it, looped it, and just made it get louder and louder.
It seems like Malick wrote his story on the back of his hand. So very little happens. I’m not as distraught about the immense lack of dialogue, because venturing into a foreign land with foreign people likely doesn’t produce a lot of conversation when no one can understand you. However, the only things we have to push the story forward are some repetitive, junior high-esque poetry disguised as introspective voice over. Pocahontas keeps waving her arms about like she’s directing airplanes, and then she ponders, “Mother, are you there? Are you in the wind?” She even hugs a tree at one point, perhaps thinking it’s her mother. What do you want; she’s the baby of like 100 kids. Malick is so frustrating and pretentious that he will bludgeon to death an audience rather than invite them into his artistic world. He definitely doesn’t make it easy or rewarding.
As far as romance is concerned, the relationship between John Smith and Pocahontas is curiously platonic. Both fall hard for the other but nothing ever dares to rock the PG-13 rating. The furthest these crazy kids get in expressing their love is hugging. I realize that Kilcher was only 14 years old when this was shot, but that doesn’t stop Malick from turning her into pseudo-artistic jailbait. When he’s not filming nature he spends an awful long time on Kilcher prancing around; the camera is practically fawning over her. I get it; we’re supposed to feel the spirit of this girl and her connection with the world around her. That’s why John Smith falls for her. But then nothing seems to happen in their puppy love courtship. It’s all too chaste to be epic or even slightly memorable. Then at the start of the third act Farrell leaves and in pops Bale, and the audience is going, “Oh, c’mon, we have to go through all that again?!” Sure enough, The New World starts all over and another man goes through the same courtship steps with Pocahontas. They touch the grass. They share looks. They talk to the wind. They murder my patience. The New World is a love story suffocated by hesitation and Malick’s own disinterest.
The New World is emblematic of why I’ll never be a Terrence Malick fan: it’s long, drifting, unfocused, ponderous over entertaining, and just plain friggin’ boring! If you’re a scenery buff you’ll garner some enjoyment from Malick’s images, but people looking for story, character, and any sort of movement will be lost with this 135-minute rumination on man, nature, and man touching nature …. very…. slowly. If this is all you are going to do then stop making movies and just make nature specials, Malick. The New World is pretentious, dull, and stubborn down to its very last second. It once took Malick 20 years in between movies. I wouldn’t mind if he took another 20-year hiatus.
Tags: christian bale, christopher plummer, colin farrell, drama, period film, pretentious nature, romance, terrence malick
The Skeleton Key (2005)
The marketing said it was horror (voodoo, creepy kids), but it’s less a horror movie and more a Twilight Zone tale. It has its share of jump scares and tries to draw out an atmosphere of dread. You see a lot of how doors work from inside locks. The Skeleton Key tries to be overly clever despite its plot holes, but at least the film runs its course. It wasn’t trying to throw out a contrived ending. Kate Hudson needs better roles than these do-nothing parts; she’s far too cute to languish. And how many times did she inspect late-night noises in her underwear? The most entertaining aspect of The Skeleton Key may be gazing at a pre-Katrina New Orleans.
Tags: gena rowlands, horror, ian softley, john hurt, kate hudson, peter sarsgaard, supernatural, thriller
Corpse Bride (2005)
Not as good as Nightmare Before Christmas, but really, what can be? Tim Burton second stop-motion animated film is beautifully crafted and emotionally involving. It’s interesting because all three characters in the movie’s love triangle have really done nothing wrong, and our sympathies are stretched to all three. The contrast of the world of the living (drab, formal) and the dead (colorful, lively) is stark, and death in Corpse Bride is presented as simply another stage of living. Therefore, you don’t have to worry about scaring the kids with this one. The ending is a bit too conventional and the songs are all lackluster, nothing ever as remotely hum-able as Danny Elfman’s masterpieces in Nightmare Before Christmas. Despite the unfair comparisons, Corpse Bride is easy on the eyes, amusing, and nicely romantic.
Tags: albert finney, animation, comedy, drama, emily watson, fantasy, helena bonham carter, johnny depp, musical, oscars, romance, tim burton
Andrew Niccol is back in my cadre of cool. He’s responsible for two awesome movies (Gattaca, The Truman Show) and one very lackluster Hollywood satire (Simone). But now the man is back and Lord of War is a startling look into the amoral world of international arms dealing. The film is enthralling as Uri (Nicolas Cage) narrates us about the ins-and-outs of his world a la Ray Liotta in Goodfellas. Not to be outdone by a juicy narrative by Niccol the writer, Niccol the director adds lots of stylish flash to his tale. The opening watches the manufacturing and journey of one bullet, it’s ending destination in the head of a little African boy caught in the crossfire. It’s jarring, it’s powerful, and it’s direct. That’s Lord of War in a nutshell.
Tags: andrew niccol, bridget moynahan, crime, dark, ethan hawke, jared leto, nicolas cage, period film
Eli Roth is a name that excites me. After watching his 2003 debut Cabin Fever, it was love at first sight. My friends were skeptical but one by one I convinced them that Cabin Fever was a campy, jaunty, unapologetically hilarious good time. I’ve made Roth disciples out of my fellow human beings. Naturally, I was looking forward to Roth?s follow-up, Hostel. I had heard the rumors that the flick was based on a true story of a South East Asian website, though said site can no longer be confirmed. Whatever the muse may have been, Hostel‘s got the added cache of Quentin Tarantino?s name slapped aboard as a “presenter” thus ensuring to the young male demographic that Hostel should be, “frickin’ sweet.” While not reaching the rapturous entertainment heights of his debut, with the grisly Hostel, Roth proves that he’s no flash in the pan.
Over in Amsterdam, Paxton (Jay Hernandez, Friday Night Lights) and his best friend Josh (Derek Richardson, Dumb and Dumberer) are living it up. They’re on the hunt for pot, poontang, and an endless array of good times and cheap thrills. They’ve got big wallets and big appetites. They’ve befriended Oli (Eythor Gudjonsson), an Icelandic horn dog willing to be their guide throughout their most excellent European adventure. While locked outside their stay, the trio learns of a mythical youth hostel all the way in Slovakia. The girls are buxom, beautiful, and go absolutely wild for boys with foreign accents, particularly Americans. This is an opportunity worth salivating over for our trio. They book a train for Slovakia and it looks like this hostel could be the Playboy Mansion of the former Soviet bloc. The women are frequently naked, open to most any suggestion, and eager to please the American visitors.
Ah, but things are not what they seem. The young Americans check in but they don’t check out, at least in one cohesive piece. Our Slovakian sirens are leading their horny backpackers to their doom. Tied with the hostel is a large, empty warehouse that a lot of high-pitched, ear-splitting screams seem to waft out of. Inside is a dungeon where those willing to pay the right price can torture, mutilate, eviscerate, and kill a person. Can Paxton, Josh, and Oli even hope of surviving such a place?
Even for a horror movie, Hostel has a lot of nudity. Normally, being a red-blooded American male with a fondness for the female form, this wouldn’t bother me, but the film does seem to be topped with an incredible amount of sex scenes and nudity during its sloshy build-up to the horrors that await. Many will cry “exploitation!” or “gratuitous!” and, though I’d agree with both, I must remind all fans of the genre that the bedrocks of horror are exploitation and voyeurism. Let me theorize why Hostel‘s first half is as it is. Sex and violence in horror movies are always linked, particularly the violence as retribution for wayward sexual indulgences. So then, if the second half of Hostel is a sickeningly display of cruelty, torture, and mankind at its most heartlessly gruesome, wouldn’t it make sense, in retrospect, to up the ante on the debauchery in the first half to even out the tone? Makes some sense to me but then again I’m not arguing over extra nudity for my dollar.
One of the most interesting elements of Hostel is how it makes you root for the ugly Americans. The first half of the film shows Paxton, Oli, and to a far lesser degree Josh, as booze hound backpackers interested in tasting the wares, be it through illicit drugs or illicit encounters with the local ladies. They?re stomping through Europe in an arrogant, obnoxious, near-reprehensible fashion trying to score some cheap thrills. Eli Roth doesn’t intend for an audience to align themselves with these tail-chasing characters, except for the more sympathetic Josh. And then once the boys enter Slovakia and become the cheap thrills themselves, Hostel turns on the surprise factor. After profoundly disliking these misogynistic party animals, we root for them to survive. This goes against most modern horror, particularly slasher flicks, where the audience is rooting for the grisly demise of its empty-headed horny teenage cast. The audience hungers for death and titillation. In Hostel, we’re presented with boorish backpackers and, despite everything prior, we really want them to succeed and get rescued from their dungeon of horrors. The last act only confirms this further. I don’t know about your theater, but mine was rollicking and roaring as they rooted for the home team to pull it out.
Truth be told, the set-up is a bit overly long, though nowhere near as boring and comatose as Wolf Creek (maybe Roth was smart to put in a lot of boobies). In Wolf Creek, we watched a group of uninteresting “characters” drive around and get lost for a whole friggin’ hour. That movie went from boring to “oh, is something happening?” to over. At least Hostel had movement and relevance to its set-up, including characters and situations that will be repeated later. Some of it is a bit heavy-handed, especially with the sex/violence link and a blowtorch torturer repeating, “Get your own room,” but Hostel finishes with a grand flourish. Roth weaves back different storylines and characters in clever ways and serves the audience vengeance on a platter, and we just gobble it up. I was jumping in my seat, pumping my fist, and, forgive me, shouting at the screen during Hostel‘s final act. It’s somewhat paradoxical for me to be disgusted by violent retribution so recently with Spielberg’s Munich and then a week later to be relishing it. I credit the tones of the films. While Munich is contemplative and realistic, Roth’s Hostel is a squirmy, over-the-top, dark comedy with some moments of cringe-worthy horror. Hostel‘s fabulous finish may erase any lingering doubts you had over the very Euro Trip opening.
Roth has a great sense of visual flavor with his shot arrangements but he also knows when to draw upon our dread. Hostel is really more of a survivalist thriller than a horror movie. Sure, torture and gore is prevalent but a lot of the violence and gruesome makeup is unexpectedly played down in limited appearances. This isn’t the shocking sadistic movie that outcries have made it to be. Without a doubt, I think Eli Roth is the most promising name in horror. Cabin Fever is one of my all-time favorite good-time flicks, and now with Hostel, Roth has proven that he can work miracles with a small budget and a giant, depraved imagination. Hostel is more disturbing than horrific but Roth knows exactly what chord to strike, what scenes to hit, and what sounds to echo to make you want to cover your eyes.
Roth’s best attribute, besides a pleasing visual sensibility, is his twisted sense of humor. Cabin Fever was more humor than horror, and also took an extended set-up before the gore was unleashed, but Hostel makes the flip and is more horror than humor. That’s not to say Hostel is without its dark, jovial jollies. Roth seems to approach his gore, outside of the torture sequences, with a macabre absurdity, like a character slipping on dismembered fingers only to chainsaw their leg off, or a character pretending to be dead and gets a severed hand placed on his face. Somewhere, Peter Jackson and Sam Raimi are nodding their heads in approval. Surely Tarantino is amused. Granted, Cabin Fever was more of a tongue-in-cheek fever dream homage to 70s horror, but Hostel has its share of twisted humor which elevates it far above most recent horror, either the boring and meandering (see: Wolf Creek) or the single-mindedly shocking (see: High Tension). This is what excites me about an Eli Roth horror movie: his lively, warped, depraved sense of humor. If people claim that Roth is one sick bastard, then I must also be one sick bastard for finding his movie funny and highly amusing in spurts.
There are so many moments that I loved, from the opening cleaning-up, to seeing the Slovakian sirens on their day off sans make-up and totally trashed, to the Bubblegum kid gang, to the Takashi Miike (Audition) cameo, to knowing that killing an American is the most expensive option, to seeing the ins and outs of a facility dealing in murder for money, to seeing the equivalent of the Dunkin’ Donuts guy (“Time to chop up the bodies…”), to the madcap, fist-pumping race to the finish. There?s so much Hostel does right, not just as a horror movie but simply as a movie itself. I wouldn’t mind taking another trip to Hostel with a big group of my less-than-squeamish friends. Oh who am I kidding, horror movies are more fun when you see them with the squeamish.
Eli Roth has crafted a dirty, depraved, but highly amusing horror film. Hostel is full of surprises, from an overly long set-up that couldn’t have more female nudity if it tried to, and actually making an audience root for the survival of the ugly Americans when things get dicey. The premise may be sickeningly realistic but the rest of the movie is on an overdrive of macabre fun. Roth’s twisted yet gleeful sense of humor is what makes him unique, and his attention to atmosphere and compounding dread is what will make him successful. There’s no faster rising horror name, in my mind, than Eli Roth. Hostel may not fully be the down-and-dirty horror film its ads have made it out to be; it’s certainly more of a thriller with a heaping helping of gore. This is one experience well-worth booking, especially if you have a strong stomach and a dark sense of humor. I can only imagine that the tourism industry for Slovakia is about to drop precipitously. Unless, of course, they add more naked boobs. Girls Gone Wild indeed.
Tags: dark comedy, eli roth, gory, horror, indie, jay hernandez, quentin tarantino, thriller
Go ahead and work the snickers out of your system. Brokeback Mountain has been dubbed “that gay cowboy movie,” and been condemned by certain fundamentalist Christian organizations as “a very dangerous and insidious message to America.” But what message is Ang Lee’s film even putting out there? It seems to me that Brokeback Mountain is putting a human face on a slur, making homosexuals look like you or me. For some that prospect may be terrifying. The movie is playing well on the blue-state coasts, expectedly, but it’s also surprisingly playing well in America’s heartland. It seems that people are lining up all over to see a movie about two gay cowboys in love. And perhaps the more people that witness Brokeback Mountain, the harder it will be to listen to those so-called family advocacy groups with their sterling Christian morals. Maybe people will really see what’s behind many of the words of outcry – hate and ignorance (I am in no way insinuating that disliking the flick means you are homophobic). Despite all this political talk, Brokeback Mountain is by no means a political movie. It’s a love story, above all, and it’s a doozy.
In the summer of 1963, Ennis Del Mar (Heath Ledger) is a quiet man looking for work in rustic Wyoming. He finds a job as a sheep herder working atop the canyons and mountains of Brokeback. Working alongside Ennis is Jack Twist (Jake Gyllenhaal), a charismatic rodeo rider. The weeks are long and Ennis and Jack are all the company they have, excluding the hundreds of sheep they tend. Eventually, the more taciturn Ennis finally opens up and bonds with his herding partner. “That’s more words than you’ve spoken in two weeks,” Jack says. “Hell,” Ennis adds, “That’s the most I’ve spoken in a year.” The rules have been laid out: every night one man sleeps in a tent campsite, the other sleeps next to the sheep to guard them. Well one night Ennis has had too much whisky and cannot make it back to the sheep. Jack invites him to sleep in the tent instead of freezing outside. Then something surprising takes place – both men have an alcohol-fueled bout of rough sex. The next morning both men stress they “ain’t queer,” but they have a hard time fighting their feelings inside. Ennis warns that, “If this thing, it grabs hold of us again… at the wrong place… at the wrong time… and we’re dead.” He recounts a childhood memory where his father showed him the corpse of an older homosexual man, brutally beaten and mutilated. For them, their love must stay on Brokeback Mountain.
The men part ways. Ennis marries Alma (Michelle Williams), a quiet woman after his own heart, and fathers two daughters. In Texas, Jack meets fellow rodeo rider Lureen (Anne Hathaway) and gets involved in a relationship with her, fathering a son of his own. But Jack still thinks of his Brokeback pal and sends him a postcard. Ennis nearly lights up at the returned sight of Jack and the two passionately embrace. He tells Alma that Jack is an old “fishing buddy” and they sneak away every few months for a fishing getaway. Really the men are returning to the countryside to rekindle the love that they haven’t left behind. But can they keep their love a secret, and should they even have to?
I wonder if Lee would ever have directed this if 2003’s Hulk didn’t bomb so badly. Lucky for us, he’s taken the Brokeback helm and infuses lots of emotion into the story. The Wyoming countryside (actually Canada, but it’s all close enough) is gorgeous, and the film has a great earthy feel. Best of all, Lee allows his love story to breathe and go at its own pace, never cutting corners or rushing an emotion. There’s a lovely, lilting feel to the film, and Lee’s guided hand allows the story to play out to its grand promise. Based on Pulitzer Prize winner Anne Proulx’s 11-page short story, screenwriters Diana Ossana and Larry McMurtry (Lonesome Dove, The Last Picture Show) have given incredible depth and subtext to the tale. McMurtry, in particular, has great knowledge of the West and the cowboy lifestyle, and the screenplay gives you an idea of small-town Western life. There are a few moments at bars, social scenes, stores, but they brilliantly give you every detail you’d need to know about this way of life. I even loved how the people of Wyoming wore fashions that were five years removed from their height of popularity, which is exactly how fashion moves around to the smaller parts of America. Ossana and McMurtry are also commended for presenting their characters as people first and never as agenda bulletins. All three lend a level of authenticity that makes the story feel organic and never trite.
In films about forbidden desire and heartbreak, the acting is the cornerstone for how powerful the tale resonates. The acting in Brokeback Mountain is phenomenal. Ledger is the breakout star and the majority of the film’s focus. He gives the performance of his life (I know, not saying much). Ledger is outstanding as the reserved, taciturn Ennis, brought to believe that queers were something sub-human and now he wrestles with his own identity. He may be a restrained man of few words but you see every emotion bubble under the surface, every conflict played out in his eyes. Ledger’s few violent or emotional outbursts are startling because they show an uncontrollable feeling, one even he can’t withhold 24/7.
Gyllenhaal has the showier role but masterfully displays the frustration of forbidden love. He’s willing to sacrifice everything for Ennis, and the fact that Ennis won’t do likewise tears him apart. Isn’t love enough, he wonders. There’s a moment in the film that so sharply displays Jack and Gyllenhaal as an actor. It involves two different shots in a moving truck. The first is Jack headed to Ennis’ ranch, singing, bouncing, and with a wall-to-wall smile. The second is Jack driving away from the ranch unfulfilled, sullen, broken, and seemingly unable to cry another tear. It’s two small moments and they sum up Jack and Gyllenhaal perfectly. The only thing unsettling about Gyllenhaal’s performance is his late 70s porn star ‘stach. With his tremendous work in Jarhead and now Brokeback Mountian, Gyllenhaal is in class all his own (he’s got the dreamiest doe-eyes in Hollywood).
The ladies of Brokeback Mountain have less screen time to play with but they each deliver fine performances. Williams is a silent, put-upon mother and is shattered when she discovers her husband’s secret love. She just crumbles. She’s never the same and Williams showcases her character’s distress and mounting bitterness. One of the film’s highpoints is her confrontation with Ennis, many years later, finally sharing all that she knows. Me thinks an Oscar nod is headed in her post-Dawson’s Creek future. Hathaway plays quite an opposite character. She begins as a wild, headstrong cowgirl with a healthy sexual appetite, something perhaps Jack sees as a reflection of his self. Then their love dies at some point and she pours herself into work, but Hathaway illuminates every step along the way. Her small smile during a scene where Jack finally browbeats her obnoxious father is terrific. And girls, if you’re having trouble dragging your significant other to see Brokeback Mountain with you, remind them that both ladies get naked at some point.
This is an elegiac, engrossing love story. Brokeback Mountain is not necessarily a “gay thing,” more so it’s a story about forbidden love and about the consequences of moving forward without ever letting go. That sounds universal, right? Nothing “gay” about that. Brokeback Mountain explores the force of love and shows how uncontrollable and unpredictable it is. Jack and Ennis are just as surprised by their feelings and their rough night of passion as the audience, but the happiness they share is hard to argue.
Because of the film’s gentle pace, and Lee’s loose control, we really immerse ourselves in their relationship as they frit away the hours looking after sheep. There was a woman in my theater (I won’t name names, partly because I don’t know hers) who felt that Brokeback Mountain was far too slow and could have been put to better use by cutting 2 hours out. The film’s placid pace is integral to the story’s success; you need to see how expansive that countryside is to feel alone, you need to have the many small conversations to draw out a closer camaraderie, you need the added time to open up to these men, and then once you have –BAM! — they turn their worlds upside down. This buildup is necessary for our connection to the characters but it’s also essential so we can understand what happens. Yes, the film portrays love as it truly is: an all-encompassing emotion that can be as maddening as it is passionate. But Brokeback Mountain doesn’t dare introduce a gay romance, something so dangerous in this land, all lickity-split. It’s supposed to be a surprise to these men, grown up with John Wayne movies and strong, silent role models. The movie enjoyably takes its time to seduce an audience with its tale before choking out every last tear in the end.
The tragedy of Lee’s film is that these men have each found the love of their life but, because of society’s prejudices, are not allowed to act. As a result, each man puts on a different face and pretends they’re a happy heterosexual Western buck for the public, but each is being eaten away inside. Ennis drinks a lot and is full of self-loathing. Jack is less publicly reserved about his feelings and finds momentary comfort with other warm bodies, mostly through silent nods with other closeted gay men. I’m reminded of a line in Paul Thomas Anderson’s Magnolia: “I have a lot of love to give; I just don’t know where to put it.” Ennis and Jack cannot quit each other but they also tragically can never fully commit to one another, at least without any threat of ostracism or death. That’s the power of Brokeback, that it shows you these simple men, shows you their love, and then won’t let that happy ending ever manifest that we yearn for. When we reach our somber, haunting conclusion there weren’t many dry eyes in the theater, mine included. Brokeback Mountain is a love story that won’t let itself be happy, and that’s what provides all the kicks to the gut and lumps in your throat.
I think some of the more hostile criticism of Brokeback Mountain is because of how normal Jack and Ennis are presented. Neither is a swishy stereotype, neither is any less of a man, and that notion probably terrifies the homophobes: “Well, they look normal, and if they get gay then maybe I will too!” That’s a shame really, because those ignorant few will miss out on a powerful, sweeping, complex, aching love story with fantastic acting. Ledger and Gyllenhaal will make you feel every moment of joy, every moment of pain, and every lingering conflict on what makes them whom they are. Lee stressed that he wanted to show the world a love story where you really felt that love was an uncontrollable force. His heartfelt, touching film is a revolution for being a normal love story, albeit with two classic Marlboro men. There is no propaganda, no gay agenda, but perhaps the film will open people’s eyes and strip away any narrow definitions we have toward the ownership of love. Brokeback Mountain set out to merely tell a good story, not change the world. It’s accomplished the first part and maybe, just maybe, it’ll spark discussion, debate, and lasting memories to lay groundwork for the second.
Tags: ang lee, anne hathaway, book, doomed romance, drama, gay, heath ledger, jake gyllenhaal, michelle williams, oscars, period film, western
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Knock Knock (2015)/ The Green Inferno (2015)
Whatever happened to Eli Roth as a director? In 2003, I watched Cabin Fever and was instantly smitten with the twisted new talent on the horror scene. His sense of humor reminded me of Sam Raimi and Peter Jackson before they went Hollywood from their splatterfest beginnings. He directed two movies after, Hostel and its sequel, and while I found Part Two to be underwhelming in execution, I was quite a fan of the original Hostel. It further cemented that it felt like Roth was going places. Most of those places were as an actor or a producer. Roth has acted in more movies (two Quentin Tarantino flicks) than he’s directed since 2007’s Hostel: Part Two. His name was attached to and then departed other projects, notably an adaptation of Stephen King’s Cell, and then it felt like he just vanished altogether. Roth has re-emerged with two films bearing his name as director, The Green Inferno, which premiered in 2013 at the Toronto Film Festival, and Knock Knock. After having watched both movies in one day I can say neither was worth the wait.
Knock Knock concerns Evan (Keanu Reeves), an architect, a former world-famous DJ (?), and family man. His wife and children have left for the weekend so that dear old dad can finally get some work done. Then one rainy evening a knock knock comes upon his chamber door. Two soaked coeds, Genesis (Lorenza Izzo) and Bel (Ana de Armas), politely ask if they can dry off inside. They’re supposed to meet at a friend’s house and have gotten lost. Evan is hospitable to a fault and indulges with them in conversation. The girls are flirty and very interested in a sexual dalliance with Evan, and finally he gives in. The next night Evan is ready to move on and pretend like nothing happened. However, Genesis and Bel are refusing to leave, and they have a design to punish and humiliate Evan for his martial indiscretion.
The premise is a mixture of Fatal Attraction and a home invasion movie, and there is potential here for a slowly escalating thriller or a comically degenerating farce that surprises with its dips into darkness, like 2013’s Cheap Thrills. Alas, Knock Knock is an unbalanced and unintentionally funny morality play that is so poorly executed, ham-fisted, and awkwardly developed that it’s more horrifying mess than horror. The first act of the film is a bit overwrought with making sure the audience knows exactly what kind of temptation trap Evan is falling under. Every line has an innuenduous ring, every flirtatious line an extended second of awkward eye contact, and every innocuous moment begins to feel like the forgotten detail in one of those absurd Letters to Penthouse fantasies (“You’ll never believe what happened to me…”). You can see the better film that has been crushed to death under the rush to make something tawdry, complete with both girls soaping up their bodies in a joint shower and then jointly pleasuring Evan to eliminate the last of his denials. If you felt the slowly escalating sexual tension, the desire, and yearning, and then weighing the consequences, the movie would have been a far more compelling moral dilemma and character piece. Instead, the girls are over-the-top in their seduction routines and once Evan gives in it all gets even worse. It’s not so much relatable or an interesting ethical conflict as it is the in-between scenes for a soft-core porn biding its time. For what it’s worth, the gratuitous nudity is a bit shrift.
At no point do Genesis or Bel feel like actual human beings; they are unhinged one-dimensional lascivious cartoons with ridiculous and guffaw-inducing motivation. As soon as the morning comes, Genesis and Bel have transformed from seductive and coy young adults to infantilized and highly sexualized bratty teenagers. Our reintroduction involves both ladies filling the kitchen with breakfast supplies and throwing food around, laughing obnoxiously, and practically bouncing off the walls. Their initial adversarial one-upsmanship includes mooning Evan while he’s on a Skype call and drawing penises on his wife’s art. When a concerned neighbor stops by I was hoping for something a little more serious and dangerous, but they can’t even do that, which is what makes their late turn into would-be murderers to be completely unbelievable and forced. It’s so forced that Reeve’s sputtering monologue of incredulity pretty much sums up the point of view of any rational viewer. They play dress up and appear to have some psychosexual daddy issues, possibly resulting from childhood abuse or molestation, but at no point do they come across as a credible menace. Then there’s the concluding justification for their acts of retribution and it’s so lame and uninspired and a cop-out that you wish Roth had committed to the direction the film had been steering toward.
That’s the biggest failing of Knock Knock is that it could have worked as a thriller if Roth and co-writer Nicolas Lopez (Aftershock) had fully developed their scenario. There’s a fine story of events spinning out of control as one man gets in over his head trying to cover up his indiscretion. Evan doesn’t really grapple with his guilt because everything is manifested as an external threat. He becomes a literal hostage to his guests but they don’t ever turn the screws in a manner that belies a plan or even a sharper point. The first act should have been setting up storylines that would further complicate this hostage scenario with people dropping by and more opportunities to be caught. Rather than playing as a slow-boil hostage thriller or a be-careful-what-you-wish-for morality play, Knock Knock more approaches a failed farce. The film even lacks any visual polish or carefully constructed set piece to stand out from the bargain bin of cheap horror thrillers, and Chile does not convincingly double for California either.
Roth has been a filmmaker who found dark and creative ways to mix humor into his horror, but Knock Knock is one where his signature humor doesn’t feel intended. First off, the behavior of Genesis and Bel is wildly over-the-top, screechy, and just insufferable. Izzo and Armas are way too broad and way too unhinged without any sense of mooring from Roth as a director. It’s just not fun to watch. Their batty babydoll shtick isn’t funny or sexy or dangerous. The tone cannot find a balance or commitment. There are lines of dialogue that are howlers and then there are moments that are played without the right sense of pacing or delivery and they can transform something inane into something dreadfully funny. It’s hard to describe in words but Reeves’ strident yet flat delivery of “I’m a happily married man” after being bamboozled by two naked and nubile young women is hilarity in itself. Then there’s the final scene (spoiler alert) that rests upon a struggle to eliminate a damning social media post. The resulting action and Reeves’ resultant scream to the heavens left me doubling over with laughter, more so because this is part of the misguided climax to a misguided movie. Suffice to say the moments that seemed intended to be comedic fall flat and the ones that are not, at least in their primary and secondary purpose, are the ones that produce hearty derisive laughter.
At least Roth’s other 2015 release knows exactly what it wants to be, which is a stomach-churning gore-fest homage to one of cinema’s most notorious movies, Cannibal Holocaust. From an early college lecture about female genital mutilation, you know exactly where Roth is leading this story. Unlike Knock Knock, you get a sense of Roth’s passion for the material here, and while much of that material is the systematic exposure of other people’s guts, it’s at least treated with the right amount of horror and dread. In grand slasher tradition, our poorly developed characters are but bodies to be sacrificed for our sickening amusement, but at least this is where Roth comes alive with creativity. The plot is fairly bare-bones: a group of activists from a liberal arts college travel to the Amazon jungle to protest the local government tearing down acres of forest that rightfully belong to native communities. After having successfully staged their protest, the activists’ plane goes down in the jungle and the cannibalistic natives collect the survivors and do what they do best. While it takes a bit too long without layering in mystery or essential plot, or even ironic counterpoints to fold back upon, once the students meet the hungry villagers, the movie becomes everything it was intended to be, one gory torture sequence after another. There are some memorably gross and uncomfortable moments. Similar to Roth’s Hostel, sometimes the threat of torture is worse than a grisly death. When the practices of female circumcision come roaring back as a plot point, you won’t be able to stop squirming in your seat in appropriate trepidation of what’s next.
The Green Inferno might prioritize its colorful slaughter but at least Roth puts something approaching a survival story in play to fill in the gaps. The first human sacrifice is so methodical that it serves as a grandly grotesque statement to better motivate the other survivors. Izzo (Roth’s wife) appears as the movie’s version of the Final Girl, so we’re anticipating that she’ll be able to escape somehow. The villagers keep our characters locked in cages and slowly we get a greater sense of their routines and eating habits. There’s a clever use of marijuana to purposely drug their captors. While there is an overwhelming sense of doom and futility, partially just by knowing what kind of movie this is, I’ll credit Roth that the movie doesn’t feel repulsively nihilistic. It may feel genuinely repulsive for other reasons, but you still hold onto a small glimmer of hope that at least some of these college students might maybe make it out alive. Maybe.
There’s also the elephant in the room when it comes to the cultural depiction of a bunch of savages feasting upon primarily white Americans. It’s certainly not an enlightened or nuanced analysis of another culture and it brings to mind some rather ignorant and racist imagery of old where the “backwards natives” were seen as dangerous and uncivilized villains more in common with wild animals than human beings. The villagers in the movie are all bathed in a blood-red skin dye as if they were to be recognized as devils and otherworldly demons. I can’t fathom that a village of this size comes across enough wayward humans to keep itself nourished. It’s hard to get a read on what commentary Roth has in mind. Is he playing into xenophobia or is he sending up the ignorance of the college activists who think getting to the front page of Reddit is a major accomplishment? I can’t tell and this indecision on Roth’s part doesn’t help the movie. It’s easy in slasher cinema to root for the charismatic killer to mow down our gullible and dumb teenagers, but it’s also easy to find a survivor to root for against all odds. I can’t tell which side Roth was more interested in highlighting the plight of. The ending doesn’t clarify this either.
By no means am I saying that The Green Inferno is a conventionally enjoyable movie, but if you’re a gore hound looking to slurp up your next bloody feast, then this might hit the spot. It’s an uncomfortable and too often tedious film, and some of the character setbacks just seem mean-spirited or unnecessary, like a character literally defecating in a corner for what feels like a solid minute with Farrelly Brothers sound effects (even the natives point and laugh). This is not a pleasant filmgoing experience, nor is it particularly articulate with its social commentary, but the thing that The Green Inferno accomplishes is in its sense of grisly purpose. It’s not groundbreaking or even particularly artistic but for its select audience of horror aficionados, I feel like there is enough to merit watching. Unlike Knock Knock, which doesn’t know who its audience is, The Green Inferno knows all too well, beholden to their bloodlusts, and thus too limited to attract wider appeal. Then again any film that can be thematically linked to Cannibal Holocaust wasn’t exactly going to be targeting the masses. After a long drought behind the camera, these two releases have shown me that Roth’s interests have become a bit more base, his skills a bit more ramshackle, and his sick sense of humor a bit more misapplied. After Cabin Fever and Hostel, I had high hopes that Roth would follow in his mentor Tarantino’s footsteps and rise above genre trappings as an artist. With news that Roth will produce a Cabin Fever remake for 2016, well I think my hopes for the man have gone up in smoke.
Nate’s Grades:
Knock Knock: D
Green Inferno: C
Tags: eli roth, gory, horror, indie, keanu reeves, thriller
Pan (2015)
Reminiscent of the Patton Oswalt bit concerning The Phantom Menace, often fans rarely need the “before” when it concerns the characters they love; did anyone really need to know what Peter and Hook were up to before they became mortal enemies? Pan attempts to tell the story before we know it about how Peter Pan became the character we know. It was originally planned for a summer 2015 release and was pushed back until the fall, ostensibly for more time to finish visual effects. the studio, Warner Brothers, pulled a similar move with Jupiter Ascending, and we know how that turned out.
Peter (Levi Miller) is an orphan living in London during World War II. He and a few of his best parentless pals are abducted in the middle of the night by a group of pirates and their flying pirate ship. He’s taken to Neverland to work in the mines belonging to Blackbeard (Hugh Jackman), who has an addiction to fairy dust. During a scuffle, Peter discovers he has the ability to fly, though he can’t exactly master it. There has been a prophecy that The One would be able to fly and they would topple Blackbeard. Peter and another miner, James Hook (Garrett Hedlund), escape, finding their way into the land of the “natives,” which includes Tigerlily (a miscast Rooney Mara). The “Pan” has been prophecized to help lead their people and discover the bridge into the world of the fairies, and Blackbeard won’t stop until he finds the source of his pernicious pixie smack.
Who exactly is Pan intended for or what story needed to be told prior to our introduction to the world of Neverland? The first act sets the stage for the miscalculated tonal mishmash that never truly settles: we jump from a cruel orphanage, with Peter comically plucky, to the horrors of the London bombing during the Blitz, to a bunch of pirates kidnapping the orphans (tacitly with the approval of the evil head nun running the orphanage), and from there we’re whisked away across space to a mine of slave workers digging for pixie dust minerals who serenade their pirate slave lord with the lyrics to Nirvana’s “Smells Like Teen Spirit” for… some reason. Is this a movie intended for younger children and families? Is it intended for teenagers? The tone veers wildly, sometimes within the same scene, going from serious and gritty to colorful and ridiculous. It’s a campy experience that makes me wonder who exactly was supposed to enjoy an attempt to open the Peter Pan mythos, a world that is generally shallow.
At no point does Pan justify its existence beyond a flimsy corporate attempt to take a familiar world and expand upon it for sweet franchise money. When you get down to the world of Neverland, at least as represented on film, what exactly is there? There are pirates, “natives,” mermaids, and fairies, and that’s about it. They all kind of exist in their own individual movie that fails to blend together, making the new groups of characters feel like little more than a new theme park attraction before moving on to the next autonomous ride. The fantasy figures themselves just aren’t that interesting because there just isn’t much to them beyond superficial descriptions. I suppose then that this would allow plenty of opportunity at world building to take these familiar staples and give them greater depth, and that’s Pan’s biggest missed opportunity. Far too often, the movie feels on Fantasy autopilot and what we’re given is the old clichés of the Great Prophecy and the Chosen One meant to bridge worlds, etc. the events in the film do little to explain how Peter became Peter Pan, besides learn to fly. The problem with the prophecy trope is that it robs characters of agency in place of just accepting their capital-D destiny.
You learn nothing new about Peter or Hook as people, and the nods to the greater Pan lore are annoying at best with how unsubtle and clunky they are. The movie doesn’t even lay the groundwork to explain what conflicts will eventually drive Peter and Hook apart. Peter is a bland hero who is defined by the mystery of his absent mother and her own lineage. He’s special because his mom was special and if he just believes hard enough then perhaps he can be even more special. It’s pretty simplistic stuff. The references to the Pan lore always seem to stop the movie dead in its tracks. The relationship between Peter and Hook isn’t explored in any capacity other then they appear to have both escaped together and been running side-by-side. It’s a relationship not out of bonding but out of sheer proximity. The concluding lines are literally Peter saying, “We’re going to be friends forever,” and Hook replying, “What could possibly go wrong?” Oh my goodness is that one hacky groan-worthy wink to the future.
Pan is made serviceably watchable from director Joe Wright and the campy performance of Jackman. Wright is a premier visual stylist in cinema though his artistic instincts can lead him to try and smash as many ill-fitting square pegs as he can into round holes, last evidenced by the 2012 Anna Karenina adaptation that made all the world a literal stage. The visuals are often splendid to behold and Wright has a wonderful feel for color hues. The final act feels climactic and visually alive in ways the movie doesn’t even deserve, and Wright’s vision, weird as it can be at points (Nirvana?) gives the movie an energy that keeps its worth an initial viewing. For a movie filed with fantasy realms, I enjoyed the scenes in the orphanage and with the wicked head nun the best (is she knowingly selling the boys into slavery on a magic pirate ship or is it just extreme negligence on her part?). The other aspect that at least held my attention was Jackman. In a movie filled with bland and the occasionally bizarre performance, Jackman offers an anchor to lean upon. It’s not a good performance by normal circumstances but it provides a sense of life and feels in place. Hedlund (On the Road) is amazing in just how strange his rakish Harrison Ford-esque performance persists. Why didn’t anyone tell him to stop? His speaking voice fascinated me and I spent the entire moving trying to figure what it sounded like and my best description is Heath Ledger’s impression of Al Pacino.
While not being a colossal disaster of artistic self-indulgence, Pan is a disappointing and mostly tedious experience because of its failure to capitalize on expanding upon the Neverland universe and exploring what should be formative experiences to central characters. If this was going to be a crazy artistic romp then it needed to be crazier. If you’re going to have two brief anachronistic songs, then do more or at least draw in more influences from other timelines. If you’re going to be a straight-laced pilot for a budding fantasy franchise, at least give us more flights of fancy and wonder. Make us fall in love with this world or at least some of the characters. Instead Pan uses the audience’s pre-existing association with the characters and the environment in place of doing anything meaningful with a story. Peter becomes Peter Pan, so he doesn’t have to be a character he just has to be the pre-Pan Peter. The same for Hook and Smee and Tigerlily and that’s really the only characters worth mentioning until those Darling children come visit. I thought I was going to ridicule Pan with the glee I had taking apart Jupiter Ascending but I couldn’t muster much effort. It didn’t feel like the Pan filmmakers did either.
Tags: action, amanda seyfried, book, carla delevigne, fantasy, garret hedlund, hugh jackman, joe wright, period film, rooney mara
Based upon Andy Weir’s nuts-and-bolts scientific “what if” tale, The Martian is the movie equivalent of Apollo 13 crossed with Cast Away. Just far less personable volleyballs. But there are potatoes. Space potatoes.
After a powerful storm on Mars forces NASA’s crew to flee, astronaut Mark Watney (Matt Damon) is presumed dead and left behind. He wakes up hours later, shrapnel in his gut, and retreats back to the Mars mission base. He has to survive close to two years before he has any hope of being rescued on the hostile world. Before that, he has to establish some kind of communication with NASA, and even before that he has to somehow grow food in the arid Martian soil. Back at home, NASA is debating their limited options to bring back Watney and whether or not they should tell his crewmates that he survived.
In conversations with my friend and critical colleague Ben Bailey, he said that The Martian was the opposite of Gravity, a film he subsequently loathed, because it was smart people making smart decisions. There is an inherent enjoyment watching intelligent people tackle and persevere over daunting challenges, and this sets up The Martian for lots of payoffs and satisfaction. We see both sides of the problem and it provides even more opportunities for challenges and payoffs. Naturally the stuff on Mars is more compelling because of its extreme dangers and isolation, but the Earth scenes are also enjoyable as the NASA determines the soonest they might reach their lost astronaut. Just like the similarly themed Apollo 13, there are challenges to be overcome and the solutions are not without risk themselves. I enjoyed how the screenplay kept throwing out new obstacles; just when you think you can breath for a while the status quo is upset again. The slew of new obstacles doesn’t feel contrived either but rather realistic setbacks. It’s a wonderful storytelling structure that constantly keeps things moving forward and ramps up the urgency. As a result, we don’t ever feel safe right until the climax, and even then you’re still sweating it out because of all the complications and adjustments.
It’s revitalizing to watch a movie that treats science with a sense of reverence. Mark Watney endures in the most hostile of environments through his ingenious use of the resources he has because of his understanding of science and math. Just as MacGyver proved there was something satisfying about watching a guy make a bomb out of a toilet paper tube, some chewing gum, and a bobby pin, it’s entirely enjoyable watching Watney think his way out of problems, and this starts early on. Watney’s first problem after he regains consciousness is to remove an embedded piece of shrapnel in his gut. The scene plays in a methodical fashion without any obtrusive edits, allowing the full task to settle in with the audience. The man has to perform surgery on himself and dig inside himself, and if he doesn’t get this done soon, sepsis might set in (no doctors without borders here). From there, the situation only gets more serious as Watney’s food supply, even when generously rationed, will only last a fraction of the time it would take NASA to send a rescue team. He has to grow food on an alien planet. That itself could be its own movie, a glossy crossover special from the SyFy Channel and the Home and Garden network. This is a survival story that doesn’t rely upon coincidence or some sort of divine intervention but on the understanding and admiration of science and its possibilities. Though America’s favorite astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson says that in this movie universe, all the science decisions are being made by science professionals rather than, you know, politicians who adamantly open ignorant statements with, “I’m not a scientist.”
Another aspect I wasn’t quite expecting but took hold of me is how uplifting The Martian turns out to be. It’s a celebration of human endeavor and particularly cooperation, as the United States reaches out to other nations for assistance. Watching the determined souls risk their lives to retrieve one fallen man is the kind of thing that represents the best in us. Sure, there’s something to be said about the fact that it’s one prized American life that countries are spending billions of not trillions of dollars to rescue and perhaps that money would be better spent helping more lives on Earth. There’s also the curious fact that the world has spent a ton of money rescuing Matt Damon in movies. From Saving Private Ryan, to Interstellar, and now The Martian, we seem to value Damon above all else.
This isn’t exactly a one-man show with half of the running time flashing back to Earth but Damon’s star quality and acting chops makes it so you don’t mind being marooned with this man. Watney’s recorded messages are a slick way to deal with the internal thinking of its protagonist while giving the character more opportunities to charm thanks to a rich sense of gallows-level humor. At no point is Mark Watney flippant about his unique predicament but his sense of humor goes a long way to further engender the audience’s good will. He’s not moping and having existential crises; he’s getting to work, and it’s through the problem solving that we get to know this character, his ingenuity, his personality, his fears, and his distaste for disco music. Damon steers clear from playing the character too large and bearing his soul as the metaphorical representative for all of humanity and its place in the cosmos. He’s just one guy who happens to be lost millions of miles from his home planet, and he’s making the best of it.
Being a Ridley Scott film, naturally the film is downright impeccable from a technical standpoint. The photography is great, communicating the frightening and awe-inspiring scope of the alien topography, especially when compared to maps for scale. The visuals find ways to further help communicate Watney’s dilemma and diminished resources. Scott’s visual sensibilities are so naturally attuned to developing tension. I was holding my breath at times from the suspense of certain sequences even though I long assumed that Watney would make it back home safe and sound. A scene with a desperate need for duct tape was a real nail-biter. There isn’t a bad performance among the star-studded cast of actors who must have been grateful for even a tiny morsel of screen time. I have no idea what Kirsten Wiig really does in this movie as the NASA PR person besides fold her arms in rooms, but hey, she’s there, along with Donald Glover as a socially awkward physicist. Jessica Chastain (Zero Dark Thirty) gets to pour over the regret of leaving a friend behind, Jeff Daniels gets to once more practice his skill of being an authoritarian blowhard he honed from The Newsroom, and I even was able to tolerate Kate Mara (Fantastic Four), so that’s something.
The Martian is a natural crowd-pleaser. It’s engineered from the start to engage an audience with its survival thrills, present a series of increasing payoffs with new challenges and solutions, and by the end of our journey we’re treated to a rousing finish that carries a poignancy and sense of inspiration about the best in all of us, what can be accomplished through grit and cooperation and sacrifice. It’s a movie that let’s the science of survival be the ultimate star, with Damon serving as a handsome host to guide us through the marvels of the universe and duct tape. When dealing with the vastness of space and the vulnerability of human life, it’s easy to feel insignificant in comparison, but that’s where the human will to endure and to work together comes in and reconfirms the possibilities of the collective inhabitants of this giant blue orb. The Martian is a sci-fi thriller, a potent human drama, and one of the best times you can have at the movies.
Tags: benedict wong, book, chiwetel ejiofor, donald glover, drama, drew goddard, jeff daniels, jessica chastain, kate mara, kristen wiig, mackenzie davis, matt damon, michael pena, oscars, ridley scott, sci-fi, thriller
The Maze Runner: The Scorch Trials (2015)
It’s called The Maze Runner: The Scorch Trials, though the trials appear more as “general struggles,” The Scorch appears as but a brief expanse of desert before the mountains, and then there’s the lack of any and all maze running (there is plenty of running, however). This sequel to the YA-inspired hit lives up to my biggest worry: the only thing interesting about this franchise was the maze, and now that’s gone. The mystery of the maze, and its cool factor, gave this story something memorable. Now it’s just generic YA pap. Beyond its boring protagonist, it would be a scorch trial for me to even assign description to these characters. They don’t even get one note to play; they have no notes. That’s because so much of this tedious and bloated sequel is our group of maze survivors running from one outpost to another, seemingly safe and then predictably not. It’s a plot routine that gets redundant quickly, and yet little else seems to occur. They go from stop to stop gaining characters but little else. The momentum feels stalled and there’s no sense of direction to guide the characters. It feels so aimless and dull and far too flimsy to justify even half of the movie’s 132 minutes. I just don’t care about these characters so I rooted for the bad guys. Weirdly enough, the bad guys use tasers and the good guys use bullets. There are some scant highpoints, namely the direction of Wes Ball, who finds ways to make the chase sequences visually stylish and fleetingly exciting, and a self-destruct sequence set to a Patsy Cline tune. There’s enough to get your hopes up before the grim reality of the overwhelming onslaught of YA tropes comes crashing down again. Can we stick these dumb kids back inside a maze already?
Tags: action, alan tudyk, book, dylan o'brien, dystopian, kaya scodelario, patricia clarkson, sci-fi, sequel, wes ball, zombies
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Chargers cornerback Trevor Williams leaves camp on crutches
Greg Beacham
COSTA MESA, Calif. — Chargers cornerback Trevor Williams injured his leg during the fourth practice of training camp Tuesday, potentially dealing another blow to Los Angeles’ depth in the defensive secondary.
But coach Anthony Lynn is cautiously optimistic that his team’s latest injury isn’t serious.
Williams was hurt while defending receiver Mike Williams in a red zone drill. Trevor Williams had to be helped off the field by teammate Jahleel Addae.
After getting attention from the training staff, he left Jack Hammett Sports Complex on crutches with his left foot in a walking boot.
The injury and Williams’ reaction to it were foreboding, but Lynn was hopeful he hasn’t lost his starting cornerback for an extended period.
“You’re holding your breath there,” Lynn said. “I think he sprained his ankle, but I don’t think it’s bad. I mean, it’s the fourth day of training camp. Hell, we have coaches around here limping. Coaches are sore, so I can’t imagine how the players feel.”
After the Chargers’ history with catastrophic injuries in the past few seasons, Lynn won’t exhale until Williams undergoes further tests.
The Chargers are a popular pick to earn a playoff spot this fall, but they already incurred serious injuries to two potential key contributors before training camp even began.
Los Angeles lost starting tight end Hunter Henry to a knee injury on a non-contact drill in May. The Chargers then lost long-injured former Pro Bowl cornerback Jason Verrett to a torn Achilles tendon during a conditioning test last week.
Verrett’s most recent injury occurred at the brink of his comeback after missing most of the past two seasons. His newest setback “broke a lot of our hearts,” Pro Bowl cornerback Casey Hayward said.
But Verrett’s absence wasn’t a disaster for the Chargers last season because of the surprising emergence of Williams, who stepped into a key role after catching on with the Chargers in 2016 as an undrafted free agent from Penn State.
Williams started five games as a rookie, and he started 15 more games last season opposite Hayward in the Chargers’ opportunistic defensive secondary. He made the first two interceptions of his career along with 56 tackles and generally provided outstanding coverage.
“He’ll bounce back,” defensive tackle Brandon Mebane said of Williams. “Trevor is a great professional, and you know he’s going to do whatever he can to get right back on the field. We’re just going to wait on him and be patient.”
The Bolts have been forced to do that quite a bit during Mebane’s tenure. They lost a staggering number of man-games to injuries in San Diego during their final two seasons, which were also the worst two seasons of Philip Rivers’ 12-year tenure as their starting quarterback. Fans who followed the Chargers from San Diego to LA already know the Bolts went 5-11 in 2016 after losing Verrett, cornerback Brandon Flowers, linebacker Manti Te’o, receivers Keenan Allen and Stevie Johnson and running back Danny Woodhead for extended periods.
Even after losing Verrett last week, the Chargers’ secondary is fairly well stocked. Desmond King played extensively as a rookie last season, primarily as a nickel back, while first-round pick Derwin James is expected to be an immediate contributor at safety alongside Addae, who started all 16 games last season.
“If Trevor’s ankle is bad, then I would be concerned about the depth there,” Lynn said. “But I’m also confident in those young guys behind him. They’re stepping up and making plays in practice, and there’s going to be a nice competition in that group.”
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Tarushi
Home Movie-Actress Tamil Tamil Movie-Actress
Manitha Kadhal Alla Movie Review
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Swetha Ashok
Preetha Raaghav
Preetha Raghav is an Indian Tamil actress who works in television and film industry. She has worked in various serials and films as well as has produced several movies. Preetha did his schooling from Muscat and since there were no colleges available she shifted to India. Here she took admission in the Ethiraj College in Chennai and studied travel management. She tells in an interview that the college became the turning point of her career and gave her the idea of joining the media industry. She was a very active student and spent most of her time in cultural activities. It was during the second year of her college that she got an offer for a TV commercial. Later on, she gave her maximum time to studies. After completing her graduation she pursued post-graduation from DG Vaishnav College in Chennai in social work. After completing this, she went for further studies to America at the University of Ohio as well as taught Bharatanatyam and did public speaking there. Apart from academics, Preetha is also excellent at Mohiniyattam and Bharatanatyam. Preetha entered the industry during her college days itself. She worked in various advertisements and television shows. She got her first offer due to her knowledge of Mohiniyattam and continued doing ad films for a year. After this, she got her first role as a lead actress in the serial Alayam. After doing several ad films and TV shows, she got an offer to act in a picture Dumm Dumm Dumm also while in college. Apart from acting, she has also done anchoring for part time in shows like cinema Karam Coffee, etc. While completing her master's, she got married to Raghav who is also a media celebrity. Later on, after returning from America she was a part of few reality shows and is presently working in Wipro as a soft skills trainer. Being an actress in the various serials she has been a part of Alayam in 1999 which was telecasted on sun TV, Chithi also of sun TV and Marumagal aired on Vijay TV. Besides serial, she performed in a dance reality show of star Vijay titled Jodi no. 1and was also a participant in music show gold winner Isaikudumbum. She debuted as a film actress with Mugavari in the year 2000 and was also the part of the acting team of Dumm Dumm Dumm. She has worked as a costume designer and producer of the ticket and also produced Manjupuram.
Dhanush’s Clarification Made His Fans Happy!
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Anchor Maheswari Exclusive Interview Pics
Director/Cum Actor Sj Surya At Monster Movie Thanks Meet Photos
Actress Shamlee Suingaele Latest Hot Photo Shoot Stills
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Daytime Shootout Between Moving Cars on Livingston Av. and Handy St.
Details Still Sketchy, NBPD Investigating At Least Two Cars Believed to be Shooting at Each Other
Article | May 6, 2014 - 3:01pm | By Charlie Kratovil
Police marked the location of shell casings found on Livingston Avenue after a shootout early this afternoon. Charlie Kratovil
UPDATE (5/7): NJ.com has reported that Jerome K. Williams of New Brunswick was the individual arrested. Police are still seeking another individual who was in the car with him and the as-yet-unidentified occupants of the green Hyundai Santa Fe that was also involved.
NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ—Police received reports of shots being fired from automobiles in the vicinity of Joyce Kilmer Avenue and Suydam Street at about 12:11 pm this afternoon.
Police said they were following a grey Acura they believed to be involved in the shooting, but lost track of it.
The chase led police towards North Brunswick on Joyce Kilmer Avenue, crossing over Livingston Avenue, and looping back down Lee Avenue.
One officer said the Acura was "shooting at another car that was headed towards French Street,"
But later on, other information suggested that the other vehicle might have been shooting as well.
"According to my witnesses here, it was the green Buick with the duct tape on the front that was shooting at the grey Acura with the duct tape on the front," said another officer.
An arrest was made at 12:18pm in the vicinity of 46 May Street, after a man was sighted running through backyards. They also searched the neighborhood for the Acura and eventually found it, along with two guns and dried blood inside the vehicle.
Another person was transported to police headquarters from 11 Charles Street.
Police looked for at least one other vehicle that may have been involved in the shootings, while other cops searching for shell casings near the intersection of Livingston Avenue and Handy Street.
Officers used markers to indicate the locations where three casings were found on Handy and another two on Livingston, necesitating the closure of the busy roads.
A dispatcher told officers, "A second vehicle that was involved was a green Buick with blue duct tape on the headlights traveling down Baldwin with four individuals in the vehicle."
Dispatchers also said that a passing motorist saw three black men up out of a vehicle at Costa Chica restaurant on Handy Street.
An officer on-scene relayed reports from eyewitnesses: "Light green Hyundai Santa Fe, back window blown out, two [black] males got out. They looked around, looked it over and they hopped back in and took off."
"I'm not sure if it's related or not. They told somebody in the parking lot, 'They tried to steal my car,'" said the officer.
This is a developing story. Please check back later today for more information.
Charlie Kratovil
Charlie is a community organizer, a Rutgers journalism graduate, and a 2018 independent candidate for Mayor of New Brunswick. He can be reached at (732) 993-9697 or editor@NewBrunswickToday.com.
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The Mario & Friends Save Youtube Poop Wiki
Hyrule (ハイラル, Hairaru) is the name of the magical kingdom that serves as the setting for many games in the Zelda series. It is usually depicted as a beautiful and prosperous land blessed with deep forests, tall mountains, vast lakes, a barren desert, Gannon's Pub, and great cities. It is ruled by a monarchical government, the Royal Family of Hyrule, with its capital city at the bustling Hyrule Castle Town.
Hyrule has its unique creation mythology, deities, legendary relics, historical heroes, and villains. Hyrule also connects to other realms via magical artifacts and portals. Of these, the Sacred Realm and Dark World are the most storied. This story of the Triforce would shape Hyrule's future in the centuries that followed its creation, becoming the basis of Hyrule's providence, especially after the birth of a man from the desert named Ganon. After the Triforce is stolen by Ganon (who wishes to conquer the land for himself), a young hero named Link, often armed with the Master Sword, rises up to save Hyrule from destruction. The hero is usually assisted in this effort by Hyrule's young princess, Zelda, for whom the series is named. These three characters are the best known figures in Hyrulean history. Hyrule is shown in numerous incarnations, with several shared elements between versions. It is also home to a multitude of different races, each inhabiting a different part of the country.
Princess Zelda
King Harkinian
Morshu
Gwonam
Duke Onkled
Mayor Kravindish
Retrieved from "https://marioandfriendssytp.fandom.com/wiki/Hyrule?oldid=4164"
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Stunning Dance Photography Pushes the Boundaries of Light
By Jessica Catcher 2014-01-09 23:12:38 UTC
Photographer Jesús Chapa-Malacara was looking for something to get him out of his artistic rut. A former dancer himself, he knew that dance photography was well-trodden ground.
But that didn't make him back away from the subject. Instead, he looked for a new perspective.
See also: 15 Vintage Photos of Winter Sports
Chapa-Malacara spoke with Mashable about the inspiration for his stunning photography and his process.
"I know first-hand how dancers spend a lot of time thinking about all the movement in between the poses that most people think of as dance," he said. "I set out to tell that story."
His goal with the photographs is to document as much of dance "as a language" as possible — each photograph capturing one movement within the glossary of ballet moves from beginning to end.
And he does so without using any Photoshop or special equipment: "I feel like this current age of photo manipulation, it’s begging us to push the boundaries of traditional photography to show it still offers new perspectives technically and artistically."
A Kickstarter campaign to help continue the project is offering a series of prints with a little something extra. Supporters can see all the prints come to life in video format when a special app is pointed at the images.
Prance down the page for a look at a few of the photos, including his first published work with break dancers, as well as Chapa-Malacara's official gallery.
Jesús Chapa-Malacara Dance Photography
Images: Jesús Chapa-Malacara
Topics: art, dance, Photography, Culture
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+61 3 9600 1697 / info@maxonhardware.com.au
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Artists are crafters of human thought and emotion. Think about that .. its massive. It is for us to inspire and motivate. To merely duplicate is to devastate. True innovation is born on the wings of reality, but will always fly one mile higher. Don’t ever think for a moment we are merely couriers of imitation to some sort of “reality”.
The seed needs to be soaked in an inspiration shower (patent pending). I hunt the interwebs for cool UI patterns and archive them in a massive Photoshop file. For example, when working on YouTube TV I grabbed hundreds of examples of future UI from futurists like Jayse Hansen and Neil Huxley.
Compel your audience. Capture the moment. Light with purpose. If a picture is worth a thousand words, what’s a talking picture worth?
While I’m not the best photographer you’ll bump into, my images are worth something. It’s hard to put a monetary value on some shots, but those photos sell, and those photos arouse emotions.
And beyond that, those are one-in-a-lifetime experiences that I documented through my photo trips. And beyond that, those are one-in-a-lifetime experiences that I documented through my photo trips.
All images are under copyright © V.K.Rees
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Bing- art + craft comes from the same creative impulse
Ahl- craft should be hands on
O-tanya harrod 2002(read)
O- rozsika parker- essay- follow format for essays
O- lee ufan – craft is superior to art
O- Gath klark craft dying of envy of art
O-art vs craft- post modernism
O-it’s all economics (where it sells)price value
O- post modern- mix of cultural values(mish mash)
O- post- continues modernism(social concerns)maybe changes
(mediums-forms)and meanings
O- modernist- about form
O- post- politics/irony/poking fun at/artist and their fame(shock)
O- modernity is fundamentally about order
outside the norm-disorder(non white, non heterosexual, non male)
O- (brook side)
O- totality + stability-and order maintained in modern society by “grand narratives” “master narrative” myths stories
O-Myth underpinning marriage
1 same sex
2 in church
3 for precreation
4 spiritual union
5 till death do us part
O-difference between modernism and post modernism
O-post modernism is the critique of grand narrative(myths, stories etc.)
O- modernism is about labelling
O-post modernism is about-no labels
O- what does post stand for?
O-after(subsumes, assumes)
O-contra modernism(subversive, resisting)
O- eclecticism (hybridization of form and genre, mixing styles)
O- global village(globalization of culture, race, image)
O-simulacra
O- high and low culture
O- modernism and post modernism in the arts
O-modernism –absolute
O- post modernism –different points of view, not serious
Andy Warhol’s factory
Recombinant culture
1960 symmetry colours
O- post modern – no new styles(imitating old styles)(retro)
Style without content( now it fits-mixes together
O- pot modernism craft
O- A visual idea out of context, (art of the other)(Judy Chicago)artist/feminist
O- Rosa parks-sat on bus in the white section
O- ted noten- making statements by jewellery
(haunted by 36 women , mouse, wedding pills)
O- Richard slee
O- Gertrud mohwald
O- robert du grenier(hermit crabs)glass shells
O- art angle open call
O- art angle -£million call out
O- Jonathan chapman
Emotional durable design
The persistence of crafty
The miners strike(shown backward)the battle of au grave)
How industrialization has effected contemporary society.
Industrialization has defiantly made the average human life style easier, most people can now afford a comfortable life style and have nice things. But on the whole I don’t feel it has improved our society. People have got so out of touch with nature and self sufficiency. We as a society take it for granted that we can get what ever we want when ever we want, and everything is disposable. We have become complacent to the fact that over industrialization is causing a lot of harm and pollution. With industrialization comes waste, toxic chemicals, and pollution.
It is not just a thing that is happening somewhere else, it is happening all around us, and we are contributing to it. All you have to do is go shopping at a supermarket, look at all the packaging(i.e waste, potential pollution)
check where the produce you are buying is coming from. Calculate the air miles. Then say that industrialization has benefited the planet
Industrial scale farming, use of pesticides = diminishing bee population. If we loose the bees we won’t need pesticides as there will not be anything to use the pesticides on. Of the 100 crop species that provide 90 percent of the world’s food, more than 70 are pollinated by bees.
We can all say industrialization is good, and turn a blind eye to the negative. But at the end of the day we are only harming our selves .
We as a race need to slow down, and actually see where we are going.
Notes post/industrialization
Norma ray -(movie)
O- wind engineering before steam.
O-(articles and things you find interesting )
O- tavi railway line
O- digital citizens
O- ornamental art/Bauhaus
O-Ford(pay workers well)to be board.
O-the way we make things affects the people that we are.
O-modern times(1936 Chaplin)
O-Lewis Hine 1874-1941(child labour)photos
O-arts + crafts movement(head hands and heart)
O-transition network(look up)
O-the law of unintentional consequence
O-mouverine dye(the work of art in the age of mechanical reproduction )1936(essay)
O- women with blue face(painting)
O- carl honore(in praise of slow)the slow movement
O-Kate Malone(ceramics)
O-Gareth meal
(juxtaposition)
O-(behavioural economics)
Beautiful mind(game theory)
O-Eback baccalaureate(creative education being added to E back
O- second life-second life divorce)computer game
O- new state man(Kevin spacey)
O-how our work fits into todays economics??
O-what di you feel are the effects of industrialization on contemporary society?
Notes- production +consumption
The paradox of choice
Weltanschaung-(world view)
O- your world view(what government should be doing)
O-Neoliberal globalism
O-Libertarian isolation-cut borders off
(Corsica-economic development)(Cambodia)
O- (Thomas Malthus)Adam smith (the invisible hand)
O- money a concept not a thing
O- USC value
O-Agricultural revolution
O-Thorsten Veblen
The theory of the leisure class
The theory of the business enterprise( Veblen goods)
(green span)-free market economics
O- Veblen good(putting price up)(leisure goods)
O- freeze art fair
O- whoops(John Lancaster)
RSA(you tube)drawing at same time ted talks
O- platform london-(artists and activists protest in Tate about oil companies)
Note-Orbits
1964-Harold Rosenberg
(first world war congress of art and craft)
O- self development through art
O- Alienated labour-(have to do it)
O- Non alienated labour-(want to do it)
O- modernism
O- 1860’s to 1970’s modern art
O- modern art- the philosophy of art
O- Brian Sewell-modern art
O- Renaissance
O- Humans rather than god are the measure of all things
O- everything can be reasoned out thought about
O- art can be true or not true
O- Jean Paul Laurens
O- progressive modernism
O- individual liberty
O- Tharow’s- Walden went to woods for 2 years, documented everything.
O- painting that criticizes society
O- conservative modernists
O- freedom in art and colour
O- conservative modernism is art started in the 18th century
O- (Wissler) (Dutch painter 18th century)-roots of modernism
O- The academy- the gate keepers of art- and money.
O- Van Gogh (vision)
Art is for art and has it’s own message
O- Compare Morris and modernist art.
O- art not for the public but for art(Oscar wild)
O- Polanski-(film artist/BFI(pido)is this right?
O- art that is controversial and criticizes society.
O- 1965Clement Greenburg-modernist painting
O- Mondrian, Kandinsky-(the world of the spirit)
O-Broad principles of modernism
O- Craft truth to materials(looks like the stuff it is made of)
O- engineering(ifel tower)
O- Bauhaus(form should follow function
O- the genius
O-Babbitt’s
task utopia
No words needed.
just a few words-sustainability,respect the planet,cohabit with nature.
William Morris- “What I mean by Socialism is a condition of society in which there should be neither rich nor poor, neither master nor master’s man, neither idle nor overworked, neither brainslack brain workers, nor heartsick hand workers, in a word, in which all men would be living in equality of condition, and would manage their affairs unwastefully, and with the full consciousness that harm to one would mean harm to all – the realisation at last of the meaning of the word commonwealth.”
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/Jmorris.htm 12/04/13
William Morris, Art and Socialism (1884)
Nothing should be made by man’s labour which is not worth making; or which must be made by labour degrading to the makers. Simple as that proposition is, and obviously right as I am sure it must seem to you, you will find, when you come to consider the matter, that it is a direct challenge to the death to the present system of labour in civilized countries. That system, which I have called competitive Commerce, is distinctly a system of war; that is of waste and destruction: or you may call it gambling if you will, the point of it being that under it whatever a man gains he gains at the expense of some other man’s loss. Such a system does not and cannot heed whether the matters it makes are worth making; it does not and cannot heed whether those who make them are degraded by their work: it heeds one thing and only one, namely, what it calls making a profit; which word has got to be used so conventionally that I must explain to you what it really means, to wit the plunder of the weak by the strong! Now I say of this system, that it is of its very nature destructive of Art, that is to say of the happiness of life. Whatever consideration is shown for the life of the people in these days, whatever is done which is worth doing, is done in spite of the system and in the teeth of its maxims; and most true it is that we do, all of us, tacitly at least, admit that it is opposed to all the highest aspirations of mankind.
Pasted from <http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/Jmorris.htm>
my thoughts-
Here I think Morris is saying that the system is wrong. And that all should be equal, and that no one should benefit from another’s plight. That mankind can be better, that we do not have to walk over others to gain material wealth or happiness. If everyone was equal the world would be a better place.
What is the difference between Marxism and Socialism?
Oct 7, 2007, 12.00am IST
Socialism is a modern doctrine and is Western in origin, emerging with the development of industrial capitalism at the start of the nineteenth century. Socialism denotes a broad system of ideas. Marxism is a materialistic conception of history which seeks to explain the development of all societies and furthermore, make predictions about future social change. Marxists consider the material world, nature and society as constantly moving. Whereas, the socialists emphasise the organic unity of society. Marxists consider the material world as an integrated whole in which all things and phenomena are interconnected and interdependent. Whereas, socialists believe in equality and abolition of private enterprise. Marxism provides a scientific explanation of nature and society and hence, was a powerful instrument for revolutionary transformation. The society envisaged by socialists rests on certain values: redistribution of wealth to get rid of inequality, cooperative production to get rid of selfish competitors and new patterns of work and education to promote the growth of well-rounded individuals.
– Srijata Bhattacharya, Kolkata
Pasted from <http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2007-10-07/open-space/27958512_1_marxism-socialism-marxists> 13/04/13
Socialism has its attractions, but it also has its down side. I agree with Morris on the concept of equality which is lacking in a capitalist society. The capitalist state consists of a handful of elite ,who hold all the power and influence, Basic Communist ideology holds that the purpose of “the State” is to enforce social and economic disparity. According to Marxist thinking the State developed as a tool for a minority of people to oppress other people.
It is in the age of shepherds, in the second period of society, that the inequality of fortune first begins to take place, and introduces among men a degree of authority and subordination which could not possibly exist before. It thereby introduces some degree of that civil government which is indispensably necessary for its own preservation: and it seems to do this naturally, and even independent of the consideration of that necessity. The consideration of that necessity comes no doubt afterwards to contribute very much to maintain and secure that authority and subordination. The rich, in particular, are necessarily interested to support that order of things which can alone secure them in the possession of their own advantages. Men of inferior wealth combine to defend those of superior wealth in the possession of their property, in order that men of superior wealth may combine to defend them in the possession of theirs. All the inferior shepherds and herdsmen feel that the security of their own herds and flocks depends upon the security of those of the great shepherd or herdsman; that the maintenance of their lesser authority depends upon that of his greater authority, and that upon their subordination to him depends his power of keeping their inferiors in subordination to them. They constitute a sort of little nobility, who feel themselves interested to defend the property and to support the authority of their own little sovereign in order that he may be able to defend their property and to support their authority. Civil government, so far as it is instituted for the security of property, is in reality instituted for the defence of the rich against the poor, or of those who have some property against those who have none at all
– Adam Smith; The Wealth of Nations – 1776
Pasted from <http://www.rationalrevolution.net/war/communism_and_marxism.htm 13/04/13
The art and craft movement
The Arts and Crafts Movement was one of the most influential, profound and far-reaching design movements of modern times. The Arts and Crafts Movement (1850-1900) was a reaction against the Industrial Revolution.
The invention of the steam engine led to the mechanization of industry, agriculture and transportation and changed the life of the working man in Britain. Due to the influx of workers from the countryside looking for work in the cities, The cities and towns grew. However, living standards got worse. Many folk from the country had sacrificed their rural life style for jobs in the factories and mils of the Industrial Revolution.
The members of the Arts and Crafts Movement included architects, designers, artists, craftsmen and writers. They feared that industrialization was destroying the traditional skills and crafts, They believed that hand crafted objects were superior to those made by machine. And that the craftsman who made things by hand had a better quality of life than those that slaved away in the mills and factories. They were convinced that the industrial lack of artistic standards were to blame for the nation’s social and moral decline.
The Arts and Crafts Movement was also a reaction against the poor quality of design during the Industrial Revolution.
The Crafts Guilds
The Journal of the Century Guild
Hobby Horse (Edition No1, April 1884)
The Arts and Crafts Movement formed into various crafts guilds to try to recreate the dignified working environment that existed in the medieval crafts guilds. They gave themselves names such as the Century Guild, the Guild of Saint George, the Art Workers Guild and the Guild of Handicraft.
http://www.artyfactory.com/art_appreciation/graphic_designers/william_morris.html
The Century Guild was the first of the craft guilds- It was founded in 1882,in 1884 the guild published a quaterly journal called(hobby horse)to promote their ideas.
The art workers guild-promoted art and craft in mainstream education. The members of this guild mainly consisted of lecturers and principals from leading art schools.The integration of design with art education is one of the great legacies of the Arts and Crafts Movement.
The down fall of the arts and crafts movement was due to their aversion to modern methods of production, and their constantly looking to the past. Their socialist ideals could only fail as hand produced design was to expensive to produce ,this resulted in the fact that only the rich could afford to buy it.
The arts and craft movement did however leave behind the legacy of good design and its relationship with society. This would later be used to produce good design through industrial mass production.
http://www.designshuffle.com/blog/style-guide/arts-crafts-style/ 12/04/13
References-12/04/13
http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/t/the-arts-and-crafts-movement/
http://www.technologystudent.com/prddes1/artscrafts1.html
http://www.industrialheritage.org.uk/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=5:essay-about-the-industrial-revolution&catid=5:industrial-heritage&Itemid=15
THE BAUHAUS MOVEMENT, GERMANY-1919 to 1933
Bauhaus -the word means-House of Building or Building School.
For the design student, the Bauhaus Movement is considered one of the most important design movements in the twentieth century.
The Bauhaus was created from in Germany as a reaction to the art and crafts developments in Britain. Bauhaus was one of a hundred specialist art education institutions at the time, however, the Bauhaus focused on reforming arts education into a defined course. The institute believed that students should not specialize in one area of study but learn broadly across all artistic disciplines.
The Bauhaus was founded in 1919 by Walter Gropius it was his aim to unify arts and craftsmanship within an educational program, this still influences design universities today. The aim of his idea was to remove social differences and create a better world where design is created by humans for humans through the overcoming of overstated individualism and exploitation of the masses for the advantage of a few people(Grohn 1992)
Cottage industry and the industrial revolution
The cottage industry in 18th-century England was a precursor of the factory
http://kids.britannica.com/comptons/art-122191/The-cottage-industry-in-18th-century-England-was-a-precursor
In the Early 18th century British industries were generally small scale and relatively unsophisticated. Most manufacturing was done in homes or small, rural shops, using hand tools or simple machines. Most textile production, for example, was centred on small workshops or in the homes of spinners, weavers and dyers(this was cottage industry) .
Cottage industry involved thousands of individual manufacturers. With different regions specialising in different products, metal production in the Midlands, for example, and coal mining in the North-East.
When we think of the industrial revolution we think of coal and steam power. We think of factories belching out coal smoke, This was true in the later part of the revolution.
At the beginning of the revolution if you look at Richard Arkwright you will see differently.
In 1768, Richard Arkwright invented the spinning frame that could produce multiple threads at once. The first models were powered by waterwheels so the device came to be first known as the water frame. It was the first powered, automatic, and continuous textile machine and enabled the move away from small home manufacturing towards factory production. Arkwright built his first textile mill in Cromford, England in 1774. He used the water out of the lead mines to power his mills as the mine water came out of the ground warm, this meant his mills could run all year round, without the risk of freezing.
Arkwright found that In Cromford there were not enough local people to supply Arkwright with the workers he needed. After building a large number of cottages close to the factory, he imported workers from all over Derbyshire , While the women and children worked in his spinning-factory, the men worked at home turning the yarn into cloth. Arkwright played his workers with Spanish doubloons over stamped with Arkwright’s stamp, these coins were worth 4 and nine pence, this coinage could only be spent at Arkwright’s establishments, which meant all profits came back to Arkwright.
The Mill at Cromford is recognised as an internationally important site of the Industrial Revolution.
It was the world’s first successful cotton spinning mill that was based on water power. Arkwright became known as the ‘Father of the factory system’
http://www.bbc.co.uk/ahistoryoftheworld/objects/RyHIgvgsSeCYGZRl4Ep5RQ
Please watch-(http://www.channel4.com/programmes/walking-through-history/4od#3502923)
http://www.belper-research.com/strutts_mills/strutt_history.html
The industrial revolution boomed with the invention of steam power, the steam engine, the railways and canals .
Cottage industries were pushed to the brink of extinction, as mass produced goods were cheaper and faster to produce.
Working conditions in during the revolution were not very good and in some cases were horrific. The living conditions of most workers was no better. Child labour abounded.it was all part and parcel of the average working class life.
The industrial revolution also brought about the luddite riots, luddites were a group of people who wanted to get rid of the new machinery that was causing unemployment .they destroyed thousands of machines,
In 1812, a law was passed by the House of Lords, called the Frame-Breaking Act. This act made the breaking of frames punishable by death.
Artist: Peter Jackson
Medium: Watercolour on Board
Size: 11″ x 14″ (270mm x 360mm)
The luddites did however bring the flaws of the Industrial Revolution to the surface and the government could no longer ignore the opinions of the working class.
http://www.economywatch.com/world-industries/cottage.html
http://www.history.com/topics/industrial-revolution
http://theoryofeconomics.com/uncategorized/the-industrial-revolution/
http://www.historytoday.com/duncan-bythell/cottage-industry-and-factory-system
http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20110309163913AAGcSF6
http://www.historywithmrgreen.com/page7/assets/The%20Industrial%20Revolution%20Cottage%20Industry%20and%20the%20Factory%20System.pdf
http://industrialrevolution.sea.ca/causes.html
http://zacharyburbridgetextiles.blogspot.co.uk/2012/12/william-morris-and-industrial-revolution.html
http://www.saburchill.com/history/chapters/IR/008.html
http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/politics/g3/
http://www.luddites200.org.uk/theLuddites.htm
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Crystal Rome
Emma Hewitt, Roxanne Emery, Above & Beyond
From Crystal Rome
With a string of mesmerizing singles highlighting the emotive power and grace of her voice lushly integrated within soaring EDM, & pop singer-songwriter Crystal Rome is carving a unique path of purposeful uplifting dance/Trance/pop music. Her overall aesthetic is informed by the trance electronic dance music lineage, but her soulful ethereal vocals and uplifting spirituality are uniquely her own. I want to use my music to change people's lives, the Nashville-based artist says.
Her boldly emotional lyrics are story-based snapshots of struggle and ultimately triumph. I've been through a lot of things, like abusive relationships, she reveals. I've learned as a woman to standup for myself. I hope the hurt and pain I express in my music helps other women know their true identity.
Crystal's stunning output of singles like Let It Rain, Magnetic, and the newest Phoenix are laying down the foundation for an upcoming Album with producer David Thulin. For this project we've nurtured a cinematic pop sound that merges the synthetic hypnotic with the warm organic tones of Crystals vocals. As for earlier music, so far their most powerful has been "Magnetic" Remix produced by David Thulin, remixed by Chris Howland which Spotify curated for one of their top pop/dance playlists.
Crystal has performed on National television and at The Los Angeles Dream Center, the Proclaim Freedom event at Azusa Pacific University, and at other Southern California venues. Crystal is also outspoken about many social causes affecting women, she has performed for events combating human trafficking and now speaks and sings at Detention Centers in Nashville TN to let young girls know their worth and identity. Crystal has had several songs picked up by record label Fuzion Four Records and Deepsink Records. Crystal is also beginning to get airplay rotation on several online radio stations and podcasts.
Crystal grew up in Chicago singing in church. One Sunday I realized how music can touch and change lives, she says. She discovered her love for dance music in Chicago's rich and fertile dance scene. Crystal majored in Vocal Performance at Bradley University and still enjoys classical music influence in the tones in her music. She moved from Chicago to LA before settling down in Nashville with her husband.
I love dance music and I like to talk about the reality of life, she says. Crystals unique sensuality allows her to imbue dance music with empowering femininity. She will be taking her message with her music to Europe next year and promoting new EP "Out Of The Ashes" by summer 2019. My message is that people can find their inner strength with God to make it though any adversity, trauma, sorrow, or addiction. There is always hope to rise up Out Of The Ashes.
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This lineup was everything we could have asked for and more.
Jun 10, 2019 | Shirley Parodi
This year’s Gov Ball was nothing short of eventful, culminating in an emergency evacuation Sunday night thanks to indifferent mother nature. During the first two days of the music festival however, the sun shined, strings of colored balloons arched across the skies, festival goers donned their summer best—needless to say, everyone was brimming with excitement.
Friday's headliner, Tyler, the Creator reigned supreme on night one, knocking those in attendance away with material from his fifth studio album, Igor, which dropped on May 17. In between songs and spastically energetic dance fits, Tyler got intimate with the audience, saying, “This album has only been out a week and you guys already know all the words. That feels good, man.”
Other highlights included the sexy androgyny of The Internet, rap legend, Lil Wayne, Big Break artist Cautious Clay, and San Marcos, Texas natives, Brockhampton. The latter group put on a spectacular show, complete with matching silver jumpsuits, a giant gold airplane, and an airlift that allowed the band members to hover over high above the crowd. Describing themselves as “the greatest boyband in the mother f*cking world,” the five-piece has come a long way since playing their first festival in 2017 to a much smaller crowd.
On Saturday Florence and the Machine, the evening's main act, put on an ethereal performance—one that saw her captivatingly spinning and dancing across the stage in a flowing gown with fierce, emotional sincerity. As is customary, the six-time Grammy nominated performer pulled fans into the moment with her (and each other), asking everyone in the audience to put their phones away for one entire song to participate in a universal experience. It was as much catharsis as it was entertainment.
Leading up to her enchanting performance, the day was filled with spectacular talent like newest the always energetic, Denzel Curry, Spacey Kacey, aka Kacey Musgraves, and the newest Def Jam signee, Suzi Wu.
Wu took the time to meet with Bandsintown for a quick rooftop photoshoot after her 12:45pm set. The 21-year-old grime rhymer held herself with a confidence of someone who has been doing this a lot longer than three or four years. Currently on tour in the states, we’re looking forward to seeing where this rising star goes.
Between the music, the fun, the eventual flood, this was surely a memorable event festival goers won’t soon forget. Check out the photos below, and make sure to track the artists on Bandsintown!
All photos by Ryan Vestil
Gessealfestien
The Voidz
Lord Huron
Surfbort
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Five keys to Northeastern’s Beanpot victory
The Huskies won their second straight Beanpot title on Monday at TD Garden. Photo by Matthew Modoono/Northeastern University
by Ian Thomsen February 12, 2019
Here’s what it’s like to cover the Stanley Cup Final
Here’s what Northeastern’s men’s hockey coach learned from his Stanley Cup experience
Tara Westover, inspiring author of the best-selling memoir, Educated, to deliver Northeastern's 2019 Commencement…
It's on to the NCAA Tournament after the Huskies capture Hockey East
The best photos from the Beanpot
With 4-2 win over BC, Northeastern wins back-to-back Beanpots for first time since 1984-85
Jubilant Huskies fans bask in the glory of back-to-back Beanpot titles
Northeastern repeats as Beanpot champs with 4-2 defeat of BC
Two Beanpots. Two championships. Two entirely different styles spaced one year apart.
The ingredients of Northeastern’s first back-to-back Beanpot titles since 1984-85 covered the spectrum of winning hockey. Last year, the Huskies won with star power up front; on Monday, they defended their title with a defensive stance around goaltender Cayden Primeau (the tournament’s Most Valuable Player) and aggressive contributions from everyone.
The Beanpot in 60 seconds
Here’s how the Huskies have turned themselves into the best of Boston.
Timely scoring. In the semifinal last Monday, Patrick Schule needed fewer than four minutes to open the scoring in a 2-1 overtime win against Boston University. One week later, Austin Plevy gave the Huskies a crucial 1-0 lead that led to their eventual 4-2 win over Boston College in the final.
“We’ve been struggling to score goals and [been] a little bit inconsistent,” Northeastern coach Jim Madigan said. “We get that first one, it just takes off the pressure.”
The Huskies spent the early weeks of this season developing the identity of a come-from-behind team that won five times with comebacks in the third period. But that model wasn’t sustainable. Over the past three weeks they had lost five of six Hockey East games by an aggregate score of 20-7; the early goals against BU and BC relieved the angst, enabling them to play to their defensive strengths.
The Huskies scored the first three goals of the Beanpot final. Photo by Adam Glanzman/Northeastern University
It also helped that Northeastern’s first three goals were scored by seniors—showings of leadership in a high-stakes game.
The line change. As the “home” team for the final, Madigan was able to make changes in response to the lines put out by BC. Madigan revealed an aggressive mentality by seeking to match his first or second line against BC’s fourth line in the early going. Plevy, a fourth-string forward, was grouped with second-liners Lincoln Griffin and Zach Solow when he knocked the puck loose from BC goalie Joe Woll for the opening score.
Later, as forward David Cotton threatened to swing the game for the Eagles, Madigan appeared to be focused on neutralizing BC’s top line with optimism that Northeastern’s superior depth would prevail in other matchups. BC won 43 of 65 faceoffs and yet played from behind over the final two periods while generating as many shots (35) as Northeastern.
“Usually when we win faceoffs like that,” said BC coach Jerry York, “we win the game.”
Primeau’s prime. The Huskies didn’t simply rely on their sophomore goalie to bail them out. His teammates blocked shots and pushed BC out to the edges throughout the first two periods, until Cotton led a sustained rush to almost recover from BC’s 3-0 deficit. The Eagles outshot Northeastern 15-9 in the third period while pressuring Primeau over the final 7:46, when the Huskies held a scant one-goal lead until Solow’s empty netter with 5 seconds left.
Primeau stopped 59 of 62 shots in two games to earn the Eberly Award as the Beanpot’s top goalie for the second straight year. Just last month he was leading the United States to a silver medal at the World Junior Championships in Vancouver.
Head coach Jim Madigan bumps fists with a player before the Beanpot final. Photo by Matthew Modoono/Northeastern University
“My only concern is he’s having so much success, the red, white, and blue in Montreal might be coming after him sooner rather than later,” said Madigan, referring to the Montreal Canadiens’ claim on Primeau after stealing him with a seventh-round pick in 2017. “But that’s a good thing.”
Tyler Madden, game-changer. Nearing the end of the second period, Madden took on three Eagles—somehow keeping his balance while cutting back upstream—on his way to leaving the puck for Matt Thomson to assist Schule’s goal for a 2-0 Northeastern lead.
Madden has scored only 9 goals, but his stats aren’t nearly so important as the quality of his play. That assist was more artistic and almost as important as the breakaway he finished to win the overtime semifinal against BU. As the freshman continues to mature into his leadership role offensively, the Huskies will be hoping for an extended NCAA Tournament run around their dynamic of Primeau-led defense, depth, and opportunistic scoring.
The DogHouse. Is the landscape shifting in Boston? BU (with 30 titles) and BC (20) have dominated the Beanpot historically, but they are now enduring the longest championship droughts at four and three years, respectively.
To put it another way: While BC has won seven of the past 12 Beanpots, the Eagles have now lost four straight tournament games to the Huskies.
The new expectations and confidence of Northeastern hockey were voiced across both nights at TD Garden by the DogHouse of students who set a university record by purchasing more than 1,800 tickets for the Beanpot final. Players say they provide the Huskies with the best home ice advantage in Boston, as well as a sense of momentum as Madigan continues to reach high.
“Next year we’ve got to win three [in a row],” Madigan said. “We’ve never won three.”
Athletics Beanpot2019 hockey TD Garden
Ian Thomsen.
Northeastern men’s hockey coach Jim Madigan reached back-to-back Stanley Cup Finals with the Pittsburgh Penguins a decade ago. The lessons he learned from the NHL have helped him turn the Huskies into champions.
by Ian Thomsen May 28, 2019
The 14th-ranked Huskies became the first team at Northeastern to win back-to-back titles since 1984-85, when gas cost $1.09, the first dot-com was registered, and coach Jim Madigan was playing for the red and black. Award-winning photographers Matthew Modoono and Adam Glanzman were there to capture all the action behind the scenes and on the ice.
by Adam Glanzman and Matthew Modoono February 13, 2019
How a year of adversity helped Northeastern prepare for the Kansas Jayhawks and March Madness
The first coach of the Kansas Jayhawks was Dr. James Naismith, who launched the basketball program in 1898, seven years…
Historic Northeastern women's hockey season ends in overtime loss to Cornell
The Northeastern women’s hockey team’s memorable season ended on Saturday at Matthews Arena, where the Huskies lost a 3-2 thriller…
Welcome home, Huskies!
There is no such thing as too much cowbell—at least, not when the NCAA-Tournament-bound Huskies are back in town. The…
The helmets were bursting off their heads like so many champagne corks. The dream that came true one year ago…
Fans had to wait three decades for the Northeastern men’s hockey team to win the Beanpot championship last year. They…
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Life on the outside: Willy Fischler
June 2009 was a big month for Willy Fischler, the Jane and Roland Blumberg Centennial Professor in Physics. He turned 60. A symposium was held in his honor at the Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics. He was certified as a paramedic.
By: Daniel Oppenheimer
The symposium was a recognition of his pioneering contributions to the field of theoretical physics. The birthday was a milestone. The certification was proof that in life, once in a while, there are indeed second chances.
“In Belgium, we had to decide what we wanted to do before we went off to college,” says Fischler, who was born in Antwerp in 1949. “As much as I wanted to go into medicine, I had heard that medical school required a lot of memorization, and that frightened me. So I fell into physics, which came much more naturally to me. But I’ve always had in the back of my head the idea that maybe I would enjoy medicine.”
Taking a stab at medicine was just a daydream until a few years ago, when Fischler began volunteering in the post-anesthesia care unit at the Austin Children’s Hospital. He offered support and companionship to patients recovering from surgery and to their families. It was transformative for Fischler.
“Physics has been good to me, and I’ve had a blast,” says Fischler. “But it’s intellectual, it’s completely cerebral. Being at the hospital fed my soul. I fell in love with it. If physics is about the head, this was the heart. I was holding the babies, soothing the kiddoes, comforting the parents. I got very close to certain people there.”
After that experience, Fischler decided to enroll in a summer course at Austin Community College (ACC) that would qualify him to get certified as a basic EMT. The class hooked him. After finishing, he joined the Westlake Fire Department as a volunteer basic medic, and began going out on calls.
“The things you see, when you’re out on calls, are things that very few people see,” says Fischler. “It can be very intense. I liked that, and I also liked being part of a team. The fact that I was a professor teaching physics at UT was totally irrelevant.”
Over the following few years, Fischler completed the intermediate and advanced coursework in the emergency medical services program at ACC, and he spent hundreds of hours responding to calls both as a student doing ride-alongs with Austin Emergency Services and as a medic with the Westlake FD.
In May of 2009, Fischler graduated with an EMT paramedic certificate, and this fall he began work as a part-time paramedic for Emergency Medical Services in Marble Falls, Texas. He plans to continue working as a paramedic for as long as his body can sustain the physical demands of the work. At some point, he says, he may even go back to school to get his nursing degree.
“I plan to continue doing physics for as long as I possibly can,” he says. “There’s stuff I get from physics that I don’t get from being a paramedic, but the reverse is true as well. Working as a paramedic feeds my soul.”
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BC-Kentucky Sports Digest, UPDATE Here’s a look at how AP’s sports coverage is shaping up in Kentucky. Questions about coverage plans are welcome and should be directed to...
Kyle Larson wins $1 million NASCAR All-Star Race after transferring from Monster Energy Open Kyle Larson won the final stage of the Monster Energy Open and used that experience to win his first NASCAR All-Star Race. &...
NASCAR's Denny Hamlin showed effects of carbon monoxide poisoning after Dover race Denny Hamlin suffered from nausea and double vision from carbon monoxide that seeped into his Toyota at the end of the NASCAR race at Dover &#...
Kentucky man acquitted in 4-year-old foster son’s death ELIZABETHTOWN, Ky. (AP) — A jury has acquitted a Kentucky man who was accused of killing his 4-year-old foster son. News outlets report the Elizabeth...
Two Confirmed Tornadoes in South-Central Kentucky Friday’s night’s mesoscale convective system rolled in with heavy rain, strong wind, and hail. Along with the usual threats, came a couple of tornado...
Country House Wins The Kentucky Derby Kentucky Derby Country House. **Photo courtesy: Coady Photo/Oaklawn Park LOUISVILLE, Ky. (AP) – Country House has won the Kentucky Derby. He to...
6 Kentucky Police Officers Named In Indictment LOUISVILLE, Ky. (AP) — Six police officers have been indicted in Kentucky in connection with a scheme in which they’re accused of being paid fo...
This Kentucky distillery will release its first bourbon in 102 years Kentucky Peerless Distilling Company announced Tuesday morning that it will be releasing its first bourbon in 102 years on June 22, 2019. ...
Beshear vs. Bevin political showdown set in Kentucky LOUISVILLE, Ky. (AP) — In Kentucky political circles, Beshear vs. Bevin has become shorthand for the bitter feud between the state’s governor a...
First part of Kentucky broadband project is complete LEXINGTON, Ky. (AP) — Officials have announced that the first part of a project to install more than 3,000 miles of fiber-optic cable around Kentucky...
Saturday’s Kentucky Derby ties for most watched on NBC Saturday’s Kentucky Derby averaged 16.5 million viewers on NBC, which is tied for the most-watched Derby on the network since it started televi...
Police: Man killed after hitting Kentucky officer with car LOUISVILLE, Ky. (AP) — Police in Kentucky say they fatally shot a man who hit an officer with his vehicle. Louisville police spokesman Dwight Mitchel...
Kentucky Man Accused Of Severely Beating 2-Month-Old Son LOUISVILLE, Ky. (AP) — A Kentucky man is accused of severely beating his 2-month-old son who’s now on life support. News outlets report 28-year...
Kentucky pastor busted for trying to set up threesome with minors A Kentucky pastor was busted for trying to set up a threesome with two minors who work for him, according to police. Bobby Blackburn, who is the past...
Kentucky Volleyball Releases 2019 SEC Schedule Photo by Isaac Janssen. LEXINGTON, Ky. – The Kentucky Volleyball team released its 2019 Southeastern Conference schedule on Wednesday afternoon, high...
A Recap of the Weather for Kentucky Oaks and Derby 145 This Derby weekend was one for the ages. From that finish to the rain to all the traditions at the Downs. I can’t really comment on the finish ...
Kentucky Derby preparations dodge wet weather With just a week to go, Kentucky Derby trainers work to get their horses on schedule amid some wet weather; Churchill Downs and Belmont Park open the...
Kentucky man accused of impersonating police, threatening 2 LOUISVILLE, Ky. (AP) — A Kentucky man is accused of impersonating a police officer and pointing a gun at two people on separate occasions. News outle...
Kentucky Extends Crossbow Season For Deer FRANKFORT, Ky. (AP) — Deer hunters in Kentucky are getting a longer crossbow season, after a proposal to expand the season went into effect May 31. T...
Trump Says Kentucky Derby Ruling Was ‘Not a Good One’ The president tweeted that to disqualify the first-place finisher and name a different winner could happen “only in these days of political correctne...
New Muhammad Ali Logo Unveiled For Kentucky Airport Mayor Greg Fischer Twitter LOUISVILLE, Ky. (AP) — Louisville, Kentucky, officials have unveiled new branding for Louisville’s airport to go a...
Federal judge strikes down Kentucky abortion law A U.S. district judge struck down a one-year-old Kentucky law that restricted a type of abortion usually performed after the 14th week of pregnancy, ...
What in the world happened at the 2019 Kentucky Derby? In the 145-year history of the Kentucky Derby, Saturday provided a first. What happened, why was the apparent winner disqualified and what were the s...
Kentucky Lt. Gov. Asks For Prayers Against ‘Dark Forces’ FRANKFORT, Ky. (AP) — Kentucky’s outgoing lieutenant governor has asked for prayers in her fight against unnamed “dark forces” afte...
Omaha Beach draws No. 12, 4-1 Kentucky fave Omaha Beach, who's on a three-race win streak, is the early 4-1 favorite for the Kentucky Derby after drawing the No. 12 post position in the 20-hors...
Kentucky man accused in machete attack on 9-year-old boy COVINGTON, Ky. (AP) — A Kentucky man is accused of chasing three children from a Covington park and then stabbing a 9-year-old boy who fell behind. T...
Canadian manufacturer to create up to 265 jobs in Kentucky FRANKFORT, Ky. (AP) — Kentucky officials say a Canadian manufacturer plans to create up to 265 full-time jobs with a facility planned in eastern Kent...
Kentucky Derby gambler turns $8 into $78K with ‘miracle’ bet The shocking disqualification in Saturday’s Kentucky Derby left one man $78,000 richer after a measly $8 bet – nothing short of “a miracle,” accordin...
Kentucky Derby: What was lost on Maximum Security This Kentucky Derby was costly for Maximum Security bettors. How costly? Try $9 million dollars. Maximum Security, who closed as one of the favorites...
Kentucky Derby 2019: The lapsed fan's guide Haven't followed horse racing since last year's Triple Crown and need a crash course before Saturday's Kentucky Derby? Don't worry. We've got you cov...
Which Kentucky Derby horses are the experts picking to win? Kentucky Derby experts, top horse racing bettors and other notable figures in Louisville go on the record with predictions for the Run for the Roses....
Trial set for ex-Kentucky student charged in boy’s death LEXINGTON, Ky. (AP) — A trial date has been set for a former University of Kentucky student charged with driving under the influence and reckless hom...
Controversy swirls over Kentucky Derby finish Country House elevated to victory in Saturday's Kentucky Derby as stewards take down the first-place finisher for the first time in the 145-year hist...
Kentucky HS board wants preapproval for esports players The Kentucky High School Athletic Association Board of Control says esports participants will need written approval to compete in the League of Legen...
Haikal scratched from the Kentucky Derby field Haikal has an abscess in his front left hoof and joins Omaha Beach as two Kentucky Derby contenders that have been scratched from the field. &...
Kentucky man finds unlicensed bears behind wheel of car GATLINBURG, Tenn. (WFIE) – An Owensboro barber’s wild experience last week is gaining some attention on Facebook. Chad Morris, who is the o...
Kentucky lawyer may be suspended for giving inmate $11 BELLEVUE, Ky. (AP) — A north Kentucky lawyer may be suspended for giving her incarcerated boyfriend $11 to use a vending machine. The Cincinnati Enqu...
Kentucky’s Jobless Rate Stays Unchanged In May FRANKFORT, Ky. (AP) — Kentucky officials say the state’s unemployment rate was unchanged in May. The Kentucky Center for Statistics says the st...
Kentucky First Federal: Fiscal 3Q Earnings Snapshot HAZARD, Ky. (AP) _ Kentucky First Federal Bancorp (KFFB) on Friday reported fiscal third-quarter net income of $207,000. The Hazard, Kentucky-based c...
Baffert Has 3 Chances To Win Kentucky Derby And Tie Record LOUISVILLE, Ky. (AP) — Bob Baffert not only has the Kentucky Derby favorite, but two other horses capable of giving him a share of history. Game Winn...
Kentucky proposes ban on using tattoos to cover up scars Kentucky health officials are proposing a ban on tattooing over scarred skin, a plan that could block one of the reasons why some people get a tattoo...
Kentucky Hemp Seeds to be Studied in Space CLARK COUNTY, KY (Lex 18) – Some are calling it the future of Kentucky agriculture, and now it’s no question hemp is firmly planted in th...
Kentucky governor gets election-eve boost from Trump LOUISVILLE, Ky. (AP) — President Donald Trump refers to Gov. Matt Bevin as his “good friend” and urges Kentucky Republicans to support th...
19 candidates seeking statewide office in Kentucky LOUISVILLE, Ky. (AP) — Kentucky has 19 candidates seeking the statewide offices of secretary of state, agriculture commissioner, treasurer and audito...
Kentucky rain contributes to 1 death, 4 rescues TAYLORSVILLE, Ky. (AP) — Heavy rains lead to the death of a man in Kentucky and the rescues of four other people Monday in two separate incidents, of...
Kentucky 22-month-old survives nearly three days alone in the wilderness (WLEX/NBC News) A Kentucky toddler who disappeared Sunday evening was found alive Wednesday afternoon not far from his home after a massive multi-age...
Fugitive Wanted In Kentucky Captured In Ohio (LEX 18) — A fugitive wanted in Kentucky is back in custody after sheriff’s deputies in Ohio captured him. Bryan Conley was supposed to a...
Kentucky school shooting trial to be in different county BENTON, Ky. (AP) — A Kentucky judge has ruled that the trial of a teenager accused of killing two schoolmates will be moved to another county. News o...
Khalil Whitney Signs with Kentucky Men’s Basketball LEXINGTON, Ky. – Longtime Kentucky men’s basketball commitment Khalil Whitney officially joined the Wildcats on Friday after signing a national lette...
Hornets draft Kentucky forward PJ Washington at No. 12 CHARLOTTE, N.C. (AP) — The Charlotte Hornets selected power forward PJ Washington from Kentucky with the 12th overall pick in the NBA draft. The 6-fo...
Kentucky Alive for SEC Tourney Despite Loss to Vandy LEXINGTON, Ky. – Elliott Curtis continued his torrid stretch with two more hits and two runs driven in but an early deficit proved too much for Kentu...
Kentucky man accused of severely beating his 2-month-old son LOUISVILLE, Ky. — A Kentucky man is accused of severely beating his 2-month-old son, who’s now on life support. News outlets report 28-year-old...
Kentucky man is accused of stealing car with teen inside LEXINGTON, Ky. (AP) — Kentucky police were in pursuit of a stolen car with a 14-year-old girl inside when the driver crossed a median and crashed int...
In photos: The fantastic hats of the Kentucky Derby Fantastical, creative hats are a tradition at the annual Kentucky Derby at Churchill Downs in Louisville, Ky. Here's a look at some of the most inter...
The Kentucky Derby Proves That Even The Losers Get Lucky Sometimes Horse racing had replay before everybody else. But that side of the allegedly perpetually declining sport was never in the spotlight so much as it wa...
Kentucky Derby 2019: Stars hit the red carpet Ahead of the horse race, plenty of stars walked the red carpet, including Anna Nicole Smith's 12-year-old daughter, Dannielynn Birkhead and more...
Kentucky Derby may lose another contender in Haikal Another Kentucky Derby contender may be out before the gates even fly open. A day after betting favorite Omaha Beach was scratched with an illness, H...
Kentucky Derby bettor turns $8 wager into big pay day A Las Vegas bettor turned an $8 wager on the Kentucky Derby into $78,000 at The Mirage on Saturday after Country House was declared the winner, accor...
Kentucky Has a Primary Election Today. Here’s What to Watch. Gov. Matt Bevin, the Republican incumbent, is the most unpopular governor in the country. Democrats hope that will give them an opening in a red stat...
Kentucky Derby excitement ramps up on game day The energy is palpable on Derby Day as horses saddle up to compete in the 145th Churchill Downs Kentucky Derby in Louisville and Fox News host Janice...
Latest Kentucky news, sports, business and entertainment at 4:20 p.m. EDT ABORTION BANS-STATES ‘Heartbeat’ laws could ban most abortions across Deep South A push among conservative U.S. states to enact some of t...
Latest Kentucky news, sports, business and entertainment at 9:20 p.m. EDT MISSING GIRL-HOMICIDE Kentucky man could face death sentence in girl’s killing SCOTTSVILLE, Ky. (AP) — A Kentucky man could face the death pena...
Kentucky Derby weekend had lots of top-quality action As usual, the Kentucky Derby took focus from some top-shelf action in other racing divisions, including a spectacular week on the turf for trainer Ch...
Kentucky Earns No. 13 Seed, To Host NCAA Regional LEXINGTON, Ky. – For the fourth-consecutive season, the Kentucky softball team has been selected as a host site for the NCAA Softball Regionals. The ...
University Of Kentucky In-State Tuition Climbing In Fall LEXINGTON, Ky. (AP) — University of Kentucky President Eli Capilouto has announced in-state undergraduate students will see tuition increase by 2.4 p...
Crews search for missing toddler in eastern Kentucky SALYERSVILLE, Ky. (AP) — Search crews are trying to find a missing toddler in eastern Kentucky. News outlets report 22-month-old Kenneth Howard was r...
Kentucky Derby winner Country House won’t run in Preakness After being declared the winner of the Kentucky Derby by disqualification, Country House will not run in the Preakness, ending any chance this year a...
Late Home Run Sinks Kentucky In Series Opener T.J. COLLETT.Kentucky comes out on top of MSU 7-0 on Tuesday, March 26Photo by Isaac Janssen | UK Athletics COLUMBIA, S.C. – South Carolina got a lea...
Kentucky Derby winner Country House out of Preakness Kentucky Derby winner Country House will not run in this month's Preakness Stakes in Baltimore, Pimlico Race Course said on Tuesday, ruling out the p...
Kentucky’s Run Ends in Semifinals, Awaits NCAA Selection COLLEGE STATION, Texas – A six-run Alabama second inning was the difference in the second of two Southeastern Conference Tournament semifinal games o...
Federal Agency Terminates Agreement With Kentucky Hospital PINEVILLE, Ky. (AP) — A federal agency has decided to stop reimbursing a southeastern Kentucky hospital where an inspection found numerous problems. ...
Airline pilot charged with killing 3 in Kentucky in 2015 LOUISVILLE, Ky. (AP) — A pilot for an American Airlines subsidiary was arrested Saturday in the 2015 shooting deaths of three people in Kentucky, the...
Latest Kentucky news, sports, business and entertainment at 5:20 p.m. EDT KENTUCKY GOVERNOR’S RACE Kentucky Democratic hopefuls hammer away at Bevin, not Trump FRANKFORT, Ky. (AP) — The three leading Democrats running...
Kentucky Pitches, Homers Way to Series Finale Victory Photo Courtesy: Chet White, UK Athletics LEXINGTON, Ky. – Kentucky clubbed three home runs and watched ace Zack Thompson do what he does best on the ...
Kentucky Derby winner Country House will not run in Preakness Kentucky Derby winner Country House will not run in the Preakness Stakes, trainer Bill Mott told the Daily Racing Forum on Tuesday, meaning that ther...
Home Runs, Two-Out Scoring Haunt Kentucky In Defeat Photo Courtesy from UK Athletics COLUMBIA, S.C. – Freshman infielder Austin Schultz legged out an infield hit to reach base safely for the 38th time ...
Latest Kentucky news, sports, business and entertainment at 3:20 a.m. EDT SECRETARY OF STATE-LAWSUIT-THE LATEST The Latest: Kentucky Senate leader criticizes Grimes lawsuit FRANKFORT, Ky. (AP) — A top Senate Republican in K...
Governor, attorney general among statewide races in Kentucky LOUISVILLE, Ky. (AP) — Candidates in Kentucky’s primary election are seeking party nominations in the governor, attorney general, secretary of ...
Man stabbed 9-year-old boy with machete in Kentucky park: cops COVINGTON, Ky. — A Kentucky man is accused of chasing three children from a Covington park and then stabbing a 9-year-old boy who fell behind. The Co...
Sentencing delayed for ex-Kentucky officer who abused minors LOUISVILLE, Ky. (AP) — A federal judge has delayed the sentencing of a former Kentucky police officer who admitted to sexually abusing minors in the ...
Kentucky, West Virginia Leading U.S. In New Hepatitis C Cases LEXINGTON, Ky. (LEX 18)– As the number of hepatitis A cases across the state appears to be leveling off, a new problem has presented itself, he...
Kentucky primary to offer verdict on Bevin’s job performance LOUISVILLE, Ky. (AP) — Voters in Kentucky are casting ballots in a primary that will deliver an initial verdict on the job performance of Gov. Matt B...
Unvaccinated Kentucky teen who sued over school ban now has chickenpox WALTON, Ky. (NBC NEWS) – A northern Kentucky teenager banned from school for refusing the chickenpox vaccination due to his religious beliefs h...
Rocky Adkins Counting On Eastern Kentucky For Support ROWAN COUNTY, Ky. (LEX 18) — Rocky Adkins was very confident as he voted Tuesday morning at the Perkins Community Center. The State House Minor...
Kentucky city temporarily stops recycling paper LEXINGTON, Ky. (AP) — The city of Lexington, Kentucky, is suspending paper recycling due to “changes in the global marketplace” for recyc...
Trainer of DQ'd Kentucky Derby winner still has questions Trainer Jason Servis says he's come to terms with Maximum Security's Kentucky Derby disqualification but still has questions about what he ...
Kentucky Governor Reaches Out To Lawmakers On Pension Issue FRANKFORT, Ky. (AP) — Kentucky Gov. Matt Bevin has sent a letter to state lawmakers to try to build support for his pension bill that he hopes to hav...
State senator, McConnell lawyer in primary for Kentucky AG LOUISVILLE, Ky. (AP) — A Kentucky state senator and a former aide to Sen. Mitch McConnell are battling over who’s the real conservative in the ...
Voter Turnout Higher Than Projected For Kentucky Primary FRANKFORT, Ky. (AP) — The Secretary of State’s Office says voter turnout for Kentucky’s primary election was higher than projected. A sta...
Saturday's Kentucky Derby ties for most watched on NBC Saturday's Kentucky Derby averaged 16.5 million viewers on NBC, tied for most-watched Derby on network since it started televising it in 2001 &...
A Pilot Went to an Airport in Kentucky. Then He Was Arrested in a Triple Murder. The charges came nearly four years after three neighbors of the pilot, Christian Richard Martin, were brutally killed. He has denied any involvement ...
Democrats Seek Review of Russian Investment in Kentucky A Russian aluminum company recently came out from under United States sanctions. Now it’s planning to invest $200 million in Kentucky, and maybe more...
Latest Kentucky news, sports, business and entertainment at 3:20 p.m. EDT INFANT KILLED Man who hit baby after losing video game charged with murder LOUISVILLE, Ky. (AP) — Police say a Kentucky man who punched his 1-month-o...
Kentucky County Expected To Have $890K Budget Shortfall PADUCAH, Ky. (AP) — The Kentucky county of McCracken is expected to have a $890,000 budget shortfall this upcoming fiscal year. The Paducah Sun repor...
Richards Announces Return to Kentucky for Junior Season (AP Photo/James Crisp) LEXINGTON, Ky. – After testing the NBA waters and going through the NBA Draft process for the first time in his career, Kentuc...
New Orleans Saints react to Kentucky Derby controversy The New Orleans Saints were apparently watching the Kentucky Derby result closely as the unofficial winner of the race was disqualified after steward...
Kentucky Republican US Rep. Massie Blocks Disaster Aid In House WASHINGTON (AP) — The Latest on Congress and a $19 billion disaster aid bill (all times local): 2:10 p.m. Another conservative Republican has once ag...
Nonprofit expanding resiliency program to rural Kentucky JAMESTOWN, Ky. (AP) — The Foundation for a Healthy Kentucky is funding a program in Russell County and nine surrounding counties to help children and...
Train in Kentucky strikes two teen girls, killing one LOUISVILLE, Ky. — Police in Kentucky say a train hit and killed one teen girl and injured another. Louisville Metro Police Department spokesman Dwigh...
Confederate Statue At Kentucky Cemetery Defaced With Paint WAVE 3 BARDSTOWN, Ky. (AP) — A Confederate statue at a cemetery in Bardstown, Kentucky, has been vandalized with orange paint, similar to vandalism...
Lawsuit: Flood damage at Noah’s Ark attraction in Kentucky WILLIAMSTOWN, Ky. (AP) — In the Bible, the ark survived an epic flood. Yet the owners of Kentucky’s Noah’s ark attraction are demanding t...
Kentucky City Rejects Anti-Discrimination Ordinance BOWLING GREEN, Ky. (AP) — Officials in a southcentral Kentucky city have again voted against an ordinance that would add specific housing and employm...
Missing kayaker found on Big Sandy River in Kentucky PIKEVILLE, Ky. (AP) — Authorities in Kentucky say the body of a missing kayaker has been found in the Big Sandy River. Kentucky State Police said in ...
Lawmaker Runs Underdog Campaign Against Kentucky Governor FRANKFORT, Ky. (AP) — Undaunted by his status as a political underdog, state Rep. Robert Goforth has logged more than 10,000 miles in his pickup truc...
Kentucky Softball Quarterfinal Game Moved to Friday COLLEGE STATION, Texas – The 2019 SEC Softball Tournament has shifted its Thursday and Friday schedule, and No. 4 seeded Kentucky is affected. Due t...
Kentucky doctor convicted of fraud sentenced to 5 years COVINGTON, Ky. (AP) — A Kentucky doctor convicted of health care fraud has been sentenced to five years in prison and ordered to pay $1 million in re...
Bill relaxing concealed carry law to take effect in Kentucky FRANKFORT, Ky. (AP) — As a gun-rights supporter, Michael Paul Wolfgar Lewis sided with Kentucky lawmakers when they relaxed gun laws to let people ca...
Calipari signs $86 million, 10-year extension with Kentucky Kentucky coach John Calipari has signed a 10-year contract extension through 2029 worth $86 million that includes an option in the sixth year to step...
Police: Driver dragged Kentucky officer through Kroger lot LOUISVILLE, Ky. (AP) — A man is accused of trapping a Kentucky trooper’s arm in his car window, dragging the officer through a Kroger parking l...
Text 911 service launches in 4 central Kentucky counties LEXINGTON, Ky. (AP) — Officials say people in four central Kentucky counties can now use texting to communicate with emergency dispatchers. Lexington...
Vultures are eating animals alive on Kentucky farms Vultures are multiplying nationally, and their greater numbers have made them more desperate for food – even if it's alive &#...
Court lets stand Kentucky abortion law on ultrasounds FRANKFORT, Ky. (AP) — A federal appeals court said Friday it won’t reconsider a ruling that upheld a Kentucky law requiring doctors to perform ...
Kentucky man could face death sentence in girl’s killing SCOTTSVILLE, Ky. (AP) — A Kentucky man could face the death penalty if convicted of murder in the death of a 7-year-old girl. The Glasgow Daily Times...
Showers again are part of colorful scenes at Kentucky Derby LOUISVILLE, Ky. (AP) — Funny how the threat of rain changes priorities for Kentucky Derby spectators. For sure, scores of women wearing big, colorful...
Favorite Omaha Beach ruled out of Kentucky Derby Kentucky Derby favorite Omaha Beach has been scratched from Saturday's first leg of horse racing's Triple Crown because of a respiratory disease, rac...
First chemical weapon destroyed at Kentucky Army facility RICHMOND, Ky. (AP) — Officials have begun destroying Cold-War era chemical weapons that have been stored at a Kentucky Army depot for decades. The fa...
Kansas teen killed in western Kentucky pileup LYON COUNTY, Ky. (LEX 18) — Officials have released more information about a deadly 12-vehicle pileup on a western Kentucky highway. Authoritie...
Kentucky Derby payouts: The 2019 winner will be getting a fortune When it comes to the 2019 Kentucky Derby, it pays to be a winner. The top five finishers will bring home some serious bank, splitting the majority of...
Kentucky Derby 2019 picks: Why Gray Magician is best value bet at 29-1 It’s the first Saturday in May, so here we go with the 145th running of the Kentucky Derby at Churchill Downs. Maybe it’s seemed easy the last six ye...
Autistic Kentucky boy dies after entering neighbor’s pool FLORENCE, Ky. (AP) — Police in northern Kentucky say an 11-year-old autistic boy has died after being found submerged in a neighbor’s pool. Boo...
Kroger To Sell CBD-Infused Products In Kentucky, Indiana CINCINNATI (WLWT) — Cannabidiol-infused products are now available in several Kroger stores. WLWT reports that the Cincinnati-based grocery chain is ...
Here is the latest Kentucky and Tennessee sports news from The Associated Press LOUISVILLE, Ky. (AP) — Favorite Omaha Beach has been scratched from the Kentucky Derby because of a breathing problem. It’s generally not a car...
The Kentucky Derby Was Decided By Some Video Replay Bullshit For a brief moment on Saturday, Luis Saez felt an immense happiness that can only overcome someone that has achieved one of the greatest accomplishme...
Woman charged with attack outside Kentucky abortion clinic LOUISVILLE, Ky. (AP) — A Kentucky woman is charged with assaulting an 82-year-old woman who tried to hand her a flier outside the state’s only ...
Latest Kentucky news, sports, business and entertainment at 1:20 a.m. EDT KENTUCKY DERBY-POLITICS Politicians look to make hay at Kentucky Derby LOUISVILLE, Ky. (AP) — The masses crammed into Churchill Downs will be fixated...
Memorial service to recognize fallen Kentucky officers FRANKFORT, Ky. (AP) — Kentucky State Police are holding a memorial service for fallen officers. A statement from the agency says the annual memorial ...
Mammoth Cave: An Underground Attraction That Sparked a War in Kentucky No remains of mammoths have been found in the underground maze called Mammoth Cave - the name refers to the sheer size of its entrance. Mammoth Cave ...
Latest Kentucky news, sports, business and entertainment at 11:20 a.m. EDT BOY-CANCER TREATMENT BATTLE Grandparents get custody of boy as parents fight treatment TAMPA, Fla. (AP) — A judge ruled that a 3-year-old Florida boy...
Judge: Car search coerced by Kentucky police officer LOUISVILLE, Ky. (AP) — A judge has ruled that Kentucky police coerced a man into allowing officers to search his car, leading to charges including vi...
Kentucky sickout records turned over to Bevin administration FRANKFORT, Ky. (AP) — Kentucky Education Commissioner Wayne Lewis says the names of teachers who may have been involved in sickouts this year have be...
Just the feces: Kentucky Derby winner poop on sale for $200 GEORGETOWN, Ky. (AP) — Are you interested in a $200 jar of poop from 1997 Kentucky Derby winner Silver Charm? If so, the jars by Kentucky for Kentuck...
Kentucky police officer driving cruiser charged with DUI CYNTHIANA, Ky. (AP) — A Kentucky police officer is accused of driving under the influence in a city police car. Thirty-year-old Lexington police Offi...
Kentucky man accused of setting fire, shooting at officers PINEVILLE, Ky. (AP) — Kentucky State Police have arrested a man accused of firing shots into a residence, starting a fire and shooting at responding ...
Ex-Kentucky center Dorie Harrison transferring to Lipscomb NASHVILLE, Tenn. (AP) — Former Kentucky center Dorie Harrison is transferring to Lipscomb. Lipscomb announced Monday that it was adding Harrison, who...
Serengeti Empress Wins The 2019 Kentucky Oaks. @KentuckyDerby LOUISVILLE, Ky. (LEX 18)– Serengeti Empress wins the 145th running of the Kentucky Oaks. The filly is owned by Joel Politi and t...
Kentucky Derby to kick off under cloud of horse deaths Saturday marks the 145th running of the Kentucky Derby at Churchill Downs — but this year’s race will set off under a cloud of controversy orig...
Weather service surveying tornado damage in Kentucky PADUCAH, Ky. (AP) — The National Weather Service says a low-level tornado caused damage to a Kentucky Lake marina. Meteorologist Kelly Hooper told th...
Elderly woman attacked outside Kentucky’s only abortion clinic LOUISVILLE, Ky. — A Kentucky woman is charged with assaulting an 82-year-old woman who tried to hand her a flier outside the state’s only abortion cl...
Kentucky Soccer 2019 Season Tickets Now On Sale LEXINGTON, Ky. – Season tickets for both the Kentucky men’s and women’s soccer teams are on sale now, online at UKathletics.com/tickets or by calling...
Kentucky man accused in murder-for-hire fights extradition BOWLING GREEN, Ky. (AP) — A Kentucky man in Filipino custody is challenging extradition to the U.S. where he’s being charged with complicity to...
Kentucky Derby field shrinks to 19, wet track forecast The field for Saturday's Kentucky Derby shrank to 19 Friday with the scratch of Haikal as forecasters called for the third straight year of a wet tra...
Kentucky Supreme Court upholds man’s murder conviction ADAIRVILLE, Ky. (AP) — The Kentucky Supreme Court has upheld a murder conviction and 55-year sentence for a man who killed his sister-in-law. The Bow...
Kentucky cafe asks for your time, not necessarily money VERSAILLES, Ky. (AP) — From an idea in a Woodford County High School classroom, to a pop-up festival, to pop-up shops, to their own space, this now-p...
Latest Kentucky news, sports, business and entertainment at 6:20 a.m. EDT GOVERNOR-SOCIAL MEDIA-ACLU Court records: Bevin blocks thousands of social media users (Information from: Courier Journal, http://www.courier-journal...
Why Kentucky Derby disqualified Maximum Security in stunner At this point, the dragged-out 20-minute review will be more remembered than the actual two-minute race. Here’s how NBC’s Mike Tirico explained the m...
Barrel warehouses burn at Jim Beam facility in Kentucky VERSAILLES, Ky. — Authorities are fighting to extinguish a fire at a Jim Beam bourbon warehouse in Kentucky. Woodford County Emergency Management Dir...
Mike Francesa: I predicted Kentucky Derby disaster Mike Francesa is usually in the wrong. But on this Saturday, May 4 ,2019 — mark it down — he may be right. And he won’t let you for...
Country House wins Kentucky Derby after favorite DQ'd Country House was declared the winner of the 145th Kentucky Derby at Churchill Downs on Saturday when Maximum Security became the first horse in the ...
Kentucky State University Reduces Non-Resident Tuition FRANKFORT, Ky. (KSU)– The Kentucky State University Board of Regents approved an agreement to lower tuition for out-of-state students. The Boar...
Democrats show unity amid GOP squabbles in Kentucky FRANKFORT, Ky. (AP) — While Kentucky Gov. Matt Bevin has run into resistance from Republican lawmakers on pension legislation, and faced a messy disp...
Why the Kentucky Derby is responsible for bourbon boom around the world Bourbon has made a comeback in recent years as the industry has strengthened ties with the Kentucky Derby,. ...
Straight up: How the Kentucky bourbon industry is going high tech Bourbon is one of the most popular spirits in the world. Some Kentucky distilleries are adding data analytics, automation, IoT sensors, and RFID tags...
Teen Arrested In Deadly Shootings At Kentucky Party WHITESVILLE, Ky. (AP) — Police have arrested a Kentucky teenager on charges of killing two people and wounding a third during a party. The Owensboro ...
The Big Wet President Blames Kentucky Derby Result On PC Police Given the fact that Donald Trump could probably name every host of Fox & Friends in chronological order before he could name one Supreme Court ju...
Kentucky man convicted of leaking Singapore HIV patient data LEXINGTON, Ky. (AP) — A federal jury in Kentucky has convicted a man of leaking a database of HIV patients from the Singapore government. The Lexingt...
Barrel-Maker Starts Construction On Cooperage In Kentucky FRANKFORT, Ky. (AP) — A barrel manufacturer has started construction on a $66.5 million cooperage in eastern Kentucky that’s expected to create...
Ranking the 20 horses in the field for the 2019 Kentucky Derby The 20 horses expected to run in the Kentucky Derby. Trainer, jockey and owner information, plus news, notes and videos of their final prep race. &#...
Kentucky AD next to lead NCAA D1 men's hoops committee Kentucky athletic director Mitch Barnhart has been selected to lead the NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Committee ...
Baffert takes aim at record-tying 6th Kentucky Derby win Bob Baffert has 3 chances to make history in the Kentucky Derby. A victory by any of his 3 horses would give him a record-tying 6th Derby win ...
Kentucky Derby shocker: Country House wins via DQ Maximum Security becomes first Kentucky Derby winner disqualified for interference in race's 145-year history; Country House elevated into winne...
Lexington Native Crowned Miss Kentucky 2019 LOUISVILLE, Ky. (WAVE) – Lexington native Alex Francke has been crowned Miss Kentucky 2019. WAVE reports that Francke took the title Saturday n...
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What’s this about cosmic rays and global warming?
Posted on September 12, 2011 | 112 Comments
This old argument is getting another airing among the internet climate change contrarian/denier ghetto. Briefly it claims that humans have nothing to do with current climate change – it’s all caused by the sun! Specifically the influence of cosmic rays originating from the sun on formation of clouds in the atmosphere.
Of course things are never that simple – but that doesn’t stop those wishing to justify a preconceived position. And the sudden new evidence which is being touted arises from a recent paper from CERN Role of sulphuric acid, ammonia and galactic cosmic rays in atmospheric aerosol nucleation published in Nature. The denier ghetto has come out with headlines like New CERN “CLOUD” Study Makes the Al Gore Climate Change Forecasts Obsolete! Or locally the NZ climate change denier blog Climate Conversation asserts CLOUD proves cosmic ray link!
The reasearch findings in no way justifies these headlines. And even veteran denier Richard Treadgold at Climate Conversations has backed away to some extent from his headline. Nevertheless it ahs him demanding that New Zealand review its Emmisions Trading Scheme and he thinks that “warmists” are responding by “rushing to the exits”!
Yeah, right!
What are the research findings?
Potholer54 has produced a nice video summary of the facts around this research Are cosmic rays causing global warming? It’s well worth watching
Another brief video, starring Jasper Kirkby the lead scientists in this work, also provides more information on this work Kirkby on Cosmic Rays
As Kirkby points out the work is only the first step in this research and says nothing about the influence of cosmic rays on cloud formation. This initial work really only reports the influence of chemicals and cosmic rays on nucleation of chemical particles which may eventually lead to some cloud formation.
As for headlines like CERN: ‘Climate models will need to be substantially revised’ Kirkby points out we are a long way from that – at least ten years before the influence on models can even be considered.
It’s certainly interesting research, but only one step in considering climatic effects. We still have a long way to go to understand how clouds and other aerosols influence climate change.
And it is the nature of research that we should be ready for all sorts of tangential leads produced. For example, perhaps this research may in the end say more about the influence of human activities on climate through the emission of all sorts of chemicals not yet considered and their role in cosmic ray induced particulate formation in the atmosphere.
Thanks to Richard Christie and Cedric Katesby for videos.
See also: For a more detailed discussion of Kirkby’s research watch this video of one of his lectures (65 min): Jasper Kirkby: The CLOUD experiment at CERN.
This entry was posted in atmosphere, environment, Environment and Ecology, New Zealand, religion, SciBlogs, science, Science and Society and tagged CERN, climate change, CLOUD, clouds, Cosmic ray, Jasper Kirkby, New Zealand, SciBlogs, YouTube. Bookmark the permalink.
112 responses to “What’s this about cosmic rays and global warming?”
Mick | September 12, 2011 at 11:54 am |
Well it is certainly interesting research, and will hopefully lead to a better understanding of our climate system.
Cedric Katesby | September 12, 2011 at 12:45 pm |
The denier ghetto has come out with headlines like New CERN “CLOUD” Study Makes the Al Gore Climate Change Forecasts Obsolete!
Yeah because Al Gore controls NASA and the AGU and all the rest of ’em like some real life Dr Evil. The diabolical all-powerful mastermind behind the global scientific conspiracy. A puppet-master so brilliant that he created the global climate change hoax even before he was, y’know, born.
Now that’s clever.
That’s a neat trick.
Anybody that can pull a stunt like that DESERVES to grab your precious bodily fluids and yer tax dollars.
Morons.
Climate denialism: Making 9/11 troofers look good by comparison.
The American Denial of Global Warming
Mick | September 12, 2011 at 1:06 pm |
http://physicsworld.com/cws/article/multimedia/45950
Interview with Jasper Kirkby
Richard Christie | September 12, 2011 at 2:28 pm |
It never ceases to amaze me in regard to the subject of climate change, that some seem prepared to carry on grasping at what ever new straw they can find, or are feed, in order to deny the science, even when it has been demonstrated, over and over again, that they have been deceived in the past. Some people just can’t tell or care when they are being taken for a sucker.
“Deny the science”
This is some new information that has changed the parameters of climate science. This is how science works. New theories come along, they get tested and the existing theories either get adjusted or tossed out.
All I hear from you lot is this quasi-religious BS about “deniers”
No interest whatsoever in science. Truly tragic.
that’s a bit of a touchy reply Mick. Perhaps the shoe fits.
If I recall correctly the first thing you did when the topic came up was to provide a link to a denier website, full of rhetoric about warmists.
Don’t make us laugh with your faux indignation.
Mick’s comment “This is some new information that has changed the parameters of climate science really shows the idiocy of the denier approach.
The researchers themselves say that no such conclusions can be drawn and that it will be 10 years before there is even a possibility of contributing to our actual understanding of cloud formation and being able to model this.
I think commenters who behave that way are clearly not skeptics, the are deniers and will grab at anything.
They are desperate.
“I think commenters who behave that way are clearly not skeptics, the are deniers and will grab at anything. ”
Have you read any of Svensmark’s theories Ken? Would you classify him as a “denier”?
Or do you just prefer abusing people to actually understanding science?
So far, you have called me a “denier” and a “racist”, and I am getting a bit sick of it.
Mick, my conclusion relates to your claim “This is some new information that has changed the parameters of climate science”
Of course you will now avoid that and attempt diversion. Another characteristic of deniers.
Cedric Katesby | September 12, 2011 at 8:00 pm |
This is some new information that has changed the parameters of climate science.
No. The science behind climate change is as solid as ever. The climate denier blogs ran with hysterical headlines and the faithful nodded their collective heads dumbly and went along.
They don’t fact check. They don’t know how.
Take yourself for example. Did you go straight to primary sources of information the instant the shocking and amazing headlines broke?
The thought didn’t occur to you.
It’s not something you are used to doing. It’s a novelty for you. It is with all climate deniers. Looking back, can you think of a single climate denier talking point that you picked up from the internet over the years that can be supported only by primary sources? Not ten or five or two talking points, just one?
It doesn’t happen. It’s all spin. Every single time.
It’s all about middlemen putting themselves between the scientific communities that do the actual work and a gullible public that doesn’t think very hard about exactly where it’s getting it’s information from. Middlemen that tell climate deniers what they already are predisposed to believe and what slogans to mindlessly shout out. The work that science has demanded all along and continues to demand is sidelined.
You fell for the CERN talking point because you failed to look at primary sources.
You fell for the NASA/aliens story because you failed to look at primary sources.
The veracity of those two talking points are not some faulty exception; they are the standard that all the climate denier blogs subscribe too. They are all equally worthless.
No, that won’t do. Science is not a religion-not even a little bit. Science is not a “belief” system. There are no high priests, no churches, no dogma, no revelation and no heretics or Inquisition. NASA (for example) is not a cult. Nice try though as slipping in a little pejorative language. Very dishonest.
Deniers exist. They are not the same as skeptics.
There really and truly are people who deny the science on a multitude of subjects. It’s not just restricted to climate deniers.
Denialism is a real word to denote a real psychological frame of mind. Deniers do exist. That’s just a fact.
You can be in denial about the death of a loved one. Or be in denial about a substance abuse problem. Or be in denial about the test results from the biopsy that show you have cancer.
Science denialism is the same thing.
Denialism is choosing to deny reality as a way to avoid an uncomfortable truth. “[it] is the refusal to accept an empirically verifiable reality. It is an essentially irrational action that withholds validation of a historical experience or event”.
In science, denialism has been defined as the rejection of basic concepts that are undisputed and well-supported parts of the scientific consensus on a topic in favor of ideas that are both radical and controversial. It has been proposed that the various forms of denialism have the common feature of the rejection of overwhelming evidence and the generation of a controversy through attempts to deny that a consensus exist. The terms Holocaust denialism and AIDS denialism have been used, and the term climate change denialists has been applied to those who refuse to accept that climate change is occurring. Several motivations for denial have been proposed, including religious beliefs and self-interest, or as a psychological defense mechanism against disturbing ideas.
Go ahead and take your favourite climate denier talking point. Choose the best and the easiest to support. Now ditch the opinion pieces of the middlemen that fed you the talking point in the first place and go direct to primary sources of information.
The talking point will fail. Each and every time. Without middlemen, it wilts like a hothouse flower taken out of it’s carefully controlled atmospheric environment.
In contrast, the reality-based community have NASA and every single scientific community on the planet in our back pocket.
There truly is nothing new under the sun.
Have you read any of Peter Duesberg’s theories Ken? Would you classify him as a “denier”?
Have you read any of Andrew Wakefields’ theories Ken? Would you classify him as a “denier”?
Have you read any of William Dembski’s theories Ken? Would you classify him as a “denier”?
Have you read any of Bill Kaysing’s theories Ken? Would you classify him as a “denier”?
Have you read any of David Irving’s theories Ken? Would you classify him as a “denier”?
Have you read any of Rupert Sheldrake’s theories Ken? Would you classify him as a “denier”?
Yep. Standard fare for a science denier. Creationists do the same thing for the same reason.
6. Evolution vs. Creationism:Experts vs. Scientists-Peer Review
Mick | September 13, 2011 at 9:16 am |
I said that the cosmic ray theory changes the parameters of climate science, much in the same way that putting a new set of tyres on a car changes the driving parameters of that car.
For my efforts, I get bombarded by all this garbage about “denialism, creationism” and other such BS
You guys sound like the crazies thumping their Bibles at me in the street.
Clearly, I have touched a raw nerve. I have dared even suggest that The Science is Not Settled.
Forgive me, Lord Trenberth, for I have sinned. Let me offer an editor of Remote Sensing journal as a sacrifice before ye feet.
Ken | September 13, 2011 at 9:20 am |
Mick – be specific. Describe a single parameter that has changed as a result if these very preliminary finding?
Just one!
No, I thought not. That’s why you get called a denier making such unwarranted statements.
I prefer to accept the researchers conclusion that there us nothing that can be used at this stage and such results are at least 10 years away.
A single parameter?
Cosmic rays affect cloud formation. Clouds play an important role in climate.
If cosmic rays change, then climate may change.
Is that clear enough?
I repeat, what parameter, Mick?
This research hasn’t produced a single parameter on clouds. It’s only involved the chemicals involved in nucleating particles (which at this stage are smaller than required to nucleate clouds).
There is already information on cosmic rays and the temporal changes. We are still researching clouds and other aerosols to get a better handle on their influence.
I repeat – what parameter had come out if this research at this stage, in this paper, which can be input into any climate model?
Come on, stop your diversion.
Cloud formation may be linked to cosmic rays
It sounds like a conspiracy theory: ‘cosmic rays’ from deep space might be creating clouds in Earth’s atmosphere and changing the climate. Yet an experiment at CERN, Europe’s high-energy physics laboratory near Geneva, Switzerland, is finding tentative evidence for just that.
The findings, published today in Nature1, are preliminary, but they are stoking a long-running argument over the role of radiation from distant stars in altering the climate.
For a century, scientists have known that charged particles from space constantly bombard Earth. Known as cosmic rays, the particles are mostly protons blasted out of supernovae. As the protons crash through the planet’s atmosphere, they can ionize volatile compounds, causing them to condense into airborne droplets, or aerosols. Clouds might then build up around the droplets.
The number of cosmic rays that reach Earth depends on the Sun. When the Sun is emitting lots of radiation, its magnetic field shields the planet from cosmic rays. During periods of low solar activity, more cosmic rays reach Earth.
Scientists agree on these basic facts, but there is far less agreement on whether cosmic rays can have a large role in cloud formation and climate change. Since the late 1990s, some have suggested that when high solar activity lowers levels of cosmic rays, that in turn reduces cloud cover and warms the planet. Others say that there is no statistical evidence for such an effect.
Polarizing lens
“People are far too polarized, and in my opinion there are huge, important areas where our understanding is poor at the moment,” says Jasper Kirkby, a physicist at CERN. In particular, he says, little controlled research has been done on exactly what effect cosmic rays can have on atmospheric chemistry.
To find out, Kirkby and his team are bringing the atmosphere down to Earth in an experiment called Cosmics Leaving Outdoor Droplets (CLOUD). The team fills a custom-built chamber with ultrapure air and chemicals believed to seed clouds: water vapour, sulphur dioxide, ozone and ammonia. They then bombard the chamber with protons from the same accelerator that feeds the Large Hadron Collider, the world’s most powerful particle smasher. As the synthetic cosmic rays stream in, the group carefully samples the artificial atmosphere to see what effect the rays are having.
Early results seem to indicate that cosmic rays do cause a change. The high-energy protons seemed to enhance the production of nanometre-sized particles from the gaseous atmosphere by more than a factor of ten. But, Kirkby adds, those particles are far too small to serve as seeds for clouds. “At the moment, it actually says nothing about a possible cosmic-ray effect on clouds and climate, but it’s a very important first step,” he says.
Scientists on both sides of the debate (That’s deniers too, Ken) welcome the findings, although they draw differing conclusions. “Of course there are many things to explore, but I think the cosmic-ray/cloud-seeding hypothesis is converging with reality,” says Henrik Svensmark, a physicist at the Technical University of Denmark in Copenhagen, who claims a link between climate change and cosmic rays.
Others disagree. The CLOUD experiment is “not firming up the connection”, counters Mike Lockwood, a space and environmental physicist at the University of Reading, UK, who is sceptical. Lockwood says that the small particles may not grow fast enough or large enough to be important in comparison with other cloud-forming processes in the atmosphere.
“I think it’s an incredibly worthwhile and overdue experiment,” says Piers Forster, a climatologist at the University of Leeds, UK, who studied the link between cosmic rays and climate for the latest scientific assessment by the International Panel on Climate Change. But for now at least, he says that the experiment “probably raises more questions than it answers”.
Kirkby hopes that the experiment will eventually answer the cosmic-ray question. In the coming years, he says, his group is planning experiments with larger particles in the chamber, and they hope eventually to generate artificial clouds for study. “There is a series of measurements that we will have to do that will take at least five years,” he says. “But at the end of it, we want to settle it one way or the other.”
Mick, your extensive quoting only confirms my point: Eg. “But, Kirkby adds, those particles are far too small to serve as seeds for clouds. “At the moment, it actually says nothing about a possible cosmic-ray effect on clouds and climate, but it’s a very important first step,” he says.”
Now thus is a long way from your assertion: “This is some new information that has changed the parameters of climate science.”
Ten years down the track there might be information reliable enough to include in climate models. On the other hand the relevant data may have more to do with other chemicals emitted by human activity as I suggest.
The “parameters of climate science” have not moved one bit with the publication of this paper, despite it’s interesting findings.
Why? It is some new information about climate science. What else does it change?
Maybe my use of the term “parameter” is not precise enough for you?
Which version do you think I was meaning?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parameter
Mick | September 13, 2011 at 12:09 pm |
Must be almost Cedric’s shift…
Mick – “What else does it change? ”
You tell me!
I am starting to lose the will to live.
Ken, these guys are called “scientists”. They have done an “experiment” in a highly precise lab that shows that there may be potentially a link between cosmic rays and climate change. They hope to undertake further research.
I don’t know if there is much more I can add really. I certainly didn’t say it “disproves” “global warming” (whatever that is) or anything like that. I don’t even remember providing a link to a “denier” site that was “full of rhetoric about warmists”.
Richard Christie | September 13, 2011 at 12:26 pm |
I wouldn’t have thought parameter is even the correct term to use in this sentence This is some new information that has changed the parameters of climate science .
In mathematics and engineering a parameter is a defined term or quantity related to equation variables but not subject to them.
In mathematical and climate modeling I expect it’s the same. Is this the meaning Mike attaches to the word? Or something more general?
I was being more general. I wasn’t meaning the precise mathematical sense. as in a parameter to a function
Come on Mick – perhaps you meant to say the results don’t changed anything about climate science.
No I didn’t say that at all, and neither does Kirkby.
Svensmark, of course, thinks nothing of the kind. His theory is that cosmic rays are a major driver of climate.
Fact is, Ken, climate science is a very young discipline. To suggest that nothing will change our understanding, or even that entire paradigms will change, seems wrong in the extreme.
Sure Mick. You don’t need to teach me to suck eggs.
But the fact remains that these published results don’t change a thing about current understanding in climate science – let alone produce a paradigm change. Your failure to support your initial claim underlines that.
After all – we have known about the influence of ionizing radiation for ages. My physics teacher at high school in the late 50s built a Wilson Cloud Chamber and we saw this effect in practice.
The Nature paper hasn’t itself added to that. Except to indicate that our understanding of what gases are responsible for initial particulate formation need revising. That’s why I suggest we may in future use this sort of data to improve estimates of other human produced chemicals on climate and clouds.
You are desperate to imply those taking a rational approach to this work here are in any way suggesting “nothing will change our understanding” if climate science. I think those people support the current investment in climate research.
It is people like you who have tried to imply that investment is wasted and that scientists cannot be trusted.
That’s why I suggest we may in future use this sort of data to improve estimates of other human produced chemicals on climate and clouds.
What about non-human influences such as cosmic rays? Oh I forgot, you can’t tax those, so it’s difficult to get funding from the gubmint
That’s more like it, Mick. Back to your denier stance. After all you can’t trust these scientists, can you?
Ken, is it possible for you to construct a sentence without the word “denier” in it?
My point is, how the hell can we understand the human influence on climate if we don’t understand the natural influence on climate. My point on funding, though cynical, is valid in my view.
Mick – “My point is, how the hell can we understand the human influence on climate if we don’t understand the natural influence on climate. “
True – and who the hell is trying to do that? You are crazy to even imply someone is.
You should spend some time reading the IPCC reports. The current conclusion is based on this understanding. The problem is that we cannot explain the temperature increases over the last 50 years unless man-made inputs are included.
So – you think that the CERN work should not have been funded? Is this view a result of being shown that the data doesn’t fit your denial necessity?
“My denial”
There you go again Ken
The point of the CERN work and Svensmark’s hypothesis is that it might actually disprove the IPCC assertions about CO2
Well then, let’s pin you down Mike.
Do you accept that current increase in global temperature over past 40 or 50 years is very likely due to human influence?
Do you have a reference for that? Primary sources, not IPCC summary for policymakers.
Maybe you could also dig out the reference that explains the warming in the earlier part of the 20th Century, and the one that explains why there has been no warming for the last 10 years or so, that explains why ocean heat content is static or declining, and why sea level rise is either static or actually decreasing.
If you can find me that, I might be able to answer your question.
Here’s a question for you guys. When Ban Ki Moon tells us that Kiribati and Tuvalu are being inundated by “sea level rise caused by climate change”, do you agree that he is an “anti-science” denialist?
After all, there is no evidence for this, and Darwin’s theory is that coral atolls rise with sea levels anyway.
This man, the head of the UN, is a science denier. Agree or disagree?
Looks like classic denial to me.
So you agree Ken, Ban Ki Moon is a “science denier”?
Wow, we are making progress
So what did you mean? What definition were you using? Or were you using your own private English language?
Oh I forgot, you can’t tax those, so it’s difficult to get funding from the gubmint…
Behold the global scientific conspiracy. All powerful and all encompassing…and yet mysteriously undetectable. You know it’s there. “They” can’t fool you. You know the fix is in. Yet you just can’t demonstrate it using evidence. Those durned scientists have covered their tracks perfectly all these decades!
Another common conspiratorial attack on consensus science (without data) is that science is just some old-boys club (not saying it’s entirely free of it but…) and we use peer-review to silence dissent. This is a frequent refrain of HIV/AIDS denialists like Dean Esmay or Global Warming denialists like Richard Lindzen trying to explain why mainstream scientists won’t publish their BS. The fact is that good science speaks for itself, and peer-reviewers are willing to publish things that challenge accepted facts if the data are good. If you’re just a denialist cherry-picking data and nitpicking the work of others, you’re out of luck. Distribution of scientific funding (another source of conspiracy from denialists) is similarly based on novelty and is not about repeating some kind of party line. Yes, it’s based on study-sections and peer-review of grants, but the idea that the only studies that get funded are ones that affirm existing science is nuts, if anything it’s the opposite.
Lately, there’s been a lot of criticism of the excess focus on novelty in distribution of funding and in what gets accepted into journals. I encourage all scientists and those interested in science to watch this video of John Ioannidis giving grand rounds at NIH on how science gets funded, published, and sadly, often proven wrong. I put it up at google video. He is the author of “Why most published research findings are false” published in PLoS last year. It’s proof that science is perfectly willing to be critical of itself, more than happy to publish exceptional things that often turn out wrong, but ultimately, highly self-correcting.
(From “Denialism Blog”)
Great Teachers: Translation, Replication and Credibility of Research Findings
http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-1075176624492631545#
No Mick, I am not being diverted. You will have to front up to the question Richard asked. (Boiy do you skate around to avoid facts).
Have a look at my post Climate change is complex.
Yes this refers to the IPPC report (AR4 WGI Chapter 9: Understanding and Attributing Climate Change). This is not the summary fro policy makers – its the review and is well referenced.
But then again you can’t trust scientists, can you?
Richard’s question has nothing to do with this post. I have no reason to answer it any more than I have any reason to ask you what your favorite colour is.
It’s not a question of trusting scientists. It’s the IPCC I have a problem with
Ken, you might also like to read Judith Curry’s series on overconfidence in IPCC attribution on Climate etc.
Then again, maybe not….
“It’s the IPCC I have a problem with”
Mick, might I generalise that a bit (only a little bit)
It is scientists and their findings you have a problem with. Especially when their data supports findings you wish to deny.
That’s why I classify you, not as a sceptic or contrarian, but a denier.
Clear and simple.
Ken, which scientists findings am I denying?
Name them.
Now please.
By the way, Ken, you are really pissing me off with this continued abuse
Really pissing me off
You will have to front up to the question Richard asked. (Boiy do you skate around to avoid facts).
Wriggle and squirm, Mick. Wriggle and squirm.
What abuse?
No, no, no. If you want to project emotion and be taken seriously then the only what is to embrace allcaps.
See? Much better.
Pingback: Global Warming – A Short Update | The GOLDEN RULE
So very wonderful.
“The Golden Rule” blogger buys into the global warming conspiracy and…the 9/11 conspiracy.
Troofers: They walk amongst us.
Go ahead! Lift up that rock and take a peek. You know you want to.
http://tgrule.wordpress.com/911-2/
Go ahead! Lift up that rock and take a peek.
I know it’s getting a bit off-topic track a bit but the whole crazies/troofers/tea-party/birthers/climate science denial etc in the USA thing is all interrelated.
here is an interesting insight from an ex insider
http://www.truthout.com/goodbye-all-reflections-gop-operative-who-left-cult/1314907779
AL GORE IS FAT
You’re right Cedric! It feels so good in bold and caps.
What a revelation, thanks dude!
I read that article when it first came out. Creepy. Homeschooled religious nutjobs running the most powerful country on Earth.
The way you adopt one conspiracy theory is the way you adopt them all. The thinking is often exactly the same.
The fact is that other than a few anecdotes tossed about the [Climate] Denialosphere there is no attempt to actually document the conspiracy. Why not? There are any number of ways that evidence could be provided. Grant guidelines and terms of reference could be offered and their bias revealed. Statistics could be generated on what research is funded to demonstrate bias, and so on.
Looking for clues
It is fascinating that the Deniers invest almost no energy into documenting the alleged conspiracies. Most conspiracists obsess on gathering evidence. They watch videos over and over, study floor plans and forensic reports, plot trajectories and lines of sight, read and compare testimonies of witnesses endlessly, post youtube videos explaining byzantine timelines and event sequences. Their obsession with documenting evidence is almost pathological. Indeed there is a process to validating a conspiracy.
Yet the Deniers toss out a few anecdotes and move on. Why?
The most obvious reason would be that it can’t be done. Any critical examination of the evidence naturally causes the whole premise to fall apart. As I will discuss below the whole idea is absurd. In fact it is probable that the authors of the theories know them to be nonsense so they are not going to waste their time looking for evidence that they know does not exist.
More importantly, from their perspective it isn’t necessary, not for it’s intended purpose. What is a conspiracy theory for and who is the audience? If your purpose is to stop or destroy the conspiracy then you must expose it to the public and the appropriate authorities. If your intended audience does not require convincing and the purpose is merely to sow confusion then evidence and facts are unnecessary.
The audience for the Denier conspiracy theories do not require evidence. As has been demonstrated over and over the Deniers accept the most outrageous nonsense as fact on the basis of hearsay. The popular media will publish almost any Denier nonsense under the rubric of “balance”, so evidence is wasted on them. Merely invoking the theory accomplishes the intended purpose, so why bother with evidence?
Denier Conspiracy Theories: More Paranoid Than Thou
There doesn’t have to be a conspiracy for any of this to happen.
Then you can no doubt explain the nuts and bolts of the global scientific conspiracy…without the need for a conspiracy.
No one will censor you or send the black helicopters after you. Honest!
Give us a rational, mundane rundown on “they” do it.
Put some distance between yourself and the crazies.
Global Warming 1 of 7 Conspiracy Theory Jesse Ventura
Any of what to happen Mike?
The stuff wot you are talking about. Remember?
Or are you a goldfish?
No spell it out, what can happen without a conspiracy.
second thoughts, not.
Tell us Mike.
He wriggles. He squirms.
Come on Mick. Don’t be shy.
How are “they” doing it?
Nobody’s going to censor you here. Far from it. Give us the details as you see ’em. Enlighten us. Reveal all!
…he runs away.
Or maybe, it’s all part of the conspiracy?
Imagine Mick hidden away in some secret bunker somewhere. He risks his life every minute he is on the internet.
“They” are after him.
He knows what’s going on. Oh yes. He is determined to expose the global scientific hoax.
Yet “they” have a secret weapon. A mind-control device that activates any time a whistleblower tries to spill the beans on what is really “happening”.
The fiends!
He sits down to type…and yet he can’t…the precious details are all there in his head…but he can’t physically type out the words.
Curses!!
Perhaps there’s even secret fake memory implant that activates? One that seduces him into thinking that he didn’t want to reveal what he knows anyway?
“Yeah” thinks mind-controlled Mick. “I won’t tell ‘em. They don’t deserve it. They’d only think my explanation was poorly thought out cheesy paranoia with no supporting evidence whatsoever. They’d call me a kook!”
At yet, it wasn’t his rationalization at all. It was the fake memory implant.
And so, the details are never revealed on the Internet for all to see.
And so, the global scientific conspiracy remains all powerful and yet completely unseen.
Spooky stuff.
Al Gore & Global Warming Conspiracy EXPOSED
This was the “conspiracy” I was referring to.
Anyway, more interesting things on the stove – the euro is about to collapse
” the euro is about to collapse”
Could be the influence of cosmic rays!
http://www.zerohedge.com/news/jefferies-describes-endgame-europe-finished
Off topic, but since you seem interested
Sent: Tuesday, September 13, 2011 3:42 PM
To: xxxx@aps.org
Cc: Robert H. Austin; ‘William Happer’; ‘Larry Gould’; ‘S. Fred Singer’; Roger Cohen
Subject: I resign from APS
Dear Ms. Kirby
Thank you for your letter inquiring about my membership. I did not renew it because I can not live with the statement below:
Emissions of greenhouse gases from human activities are changing the atmosphere in ways that affect the Earth’s climate. Greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide as well as methane, nitrous oxide and other gases. They are emitted from fossil fuel combustion and a range of industrial and agricultural processes.
The evidence is incontrovertible: Global warming is occurring.
If no mitigating actions are taken, significant disruptions in the Earth’s physical and ecological systems, social systems, security and human health are likely to occur. We must reduce emissions of greenhouse gases beginning now.
In the APS it is ok to discuss whether the mass of the proton changes over time and how a multi-universe behaves, but the evidence of global warming is incontrovertible? The claim (how can you measure the average temperature of the whole earth for a whole year?) is that the temperature has changed from ~288.0 to ~288.8 degree Kelvin in about 150 years, which (if true) means to me is that the temperature has been amazingly stable, and both human health and happiness have definitely improved in this ‘warming’ period.
Ivar Giaever
Cedric Katesby | September 15, 2011 at 11:54 am |
So what did you mean, Mick. What’s happening? How does it happen?
This is the conspiracy I was referring to. The one that Richard implied.
It’s all interrelated – it’s a conspiracy!
Clearly, mind control central (Rick Perry’s Bat Cave) have taken over the minds of the homeschoolers and fundamentalists.
The told them 9/11 is a hoax
They told them AGW is a hoax.
They told them the Moon landings were a hoax.
(PS Michelle Bachmann and James Delingpole are also in on the secret. Shhh, pass it on…..)
Here’s your favorite conspiracy theorist guys:
Al Gore: 24 Hours Of Bullshit (Prison Planet)
http://www.prisonplanet.com/al-gore-24-hours-of-bullshit.html
No, that’s not what he implied.
English comprehension fail. How sad.
(And how very squirmy)
Conspiracy theories are interrelated because they all spring from the same line of thinking. It’s very easy to compare any of the major conspiracies and notice strong similarities.
Scratch a climate denier and it’s very easy to find a troofer.
Scratch a creationist and it’s very easy to find a climate denier.
Scratch a Birther and it’s very easy to find a creationist and a climate denier.
The mentality is the same. They all have the same low standards of evidence. They are all suckers for the same reasons.
American fundies often get the way they are because they are homeschooled. There’s a very strong overlap in the States. Educational incest. They are not exactly the best and the brightest.
If your education is stunted enough to accept creationism then you are primed and ready to accept climate denialism and any other paranoid conspiracy nonsense that comes along.
Evangelist mom on global warming, evolution, creationism
Try scratching me and see if you find a troofer/creationist/birther/whatever.
No chance!
State your position on climate change in the most logical and reasonable manner that you can.
Give it your best shot.
Can you do it without sounding like a conspiracy theorist?
Sure, I don’t believe the current state of climate science represents a fair and accurate view of the science because it has been skewed by government funding and activist lobby groups
You don’t have to be a conspiracy theorist to believe this. The UEA emails demonstrate this quite clearly, as have more recent events.
Attach “climate change”, or a nod to AGW in your research proposal, you get funded, otherwise you don’t.
It is corruption and collusion rather than conspiracy.
That sounds like a clear conspiracy theory to me, Mick.
No wonder you can’t get your head around the science!
It is not a conspiracy
Corruption Ken
There is plenty of that around. Look around you.
Would you like me to cut and paste some climategate emails for you and your reader(s) pleasure?
Your evidence for this is what?
Oh I forgot, you don’t need evidence, just a feeling
That’s a conspiracy. Follow through with that line of reasoning. It leads you straight down the global conspiracy rabbit hole just like the creationists and the troofers.
Test it for yourself. Can you do anything more than toss out a few anecdotes and move on?
This is your rather vague claim:
That’s a conspiracy. There’s no other way to describe it.
“The government” and “activists” have skewed the science.
(Somehow)
“They” won’t fund you if you don’t do what they want.
How does “The government” actually do this? What government? All of them?
How is it possible to skew the science without leaving any evidence?
There is plenty of evidence. Just ask all the sceptic scientists who struggle to get funding or their papers pal reviewed.
it is hardly a secret.
Claim CA321.1:
“The conclusions of scientists are motivated by scientists’ pay; they cannot be considered objective.
1. Scientists get rewarded for overthrowing currently accepted ideas (if they can do so with evidence) and for proposing new theories that lead to new research. Any bias from material gain would be against the accepted theory of evolution.
2. Many research scientists could make more money in industry. They do science because they enjoy it.
3. The complaint applies equally to anti-evolutionists.”
Claim CA320:
Scientists are pressured not to challenge the established dogma.
Watchtower Bible and Tract Society. 1985. Life–How Did It Get Here? Brooklyn, NY, p. 182.
1. The pressures that science imposes do not weaken the validity of evolution — quite the contrary. Scientists are rewarded more for finding new things, not for supporting established principles. Thus, they tend to look more for novelties and for results that would overturn common beliefs. If a scientist found evidence that falsified evolution, he or she would be guaranteed world prestige and fame.
2. Creationists are under far more pressure than scientists. Since their entire world view is threatened by finding disconfirming evidence, they are very highly motivated not to admit it. Many creationists have taken oaths saying that no evidence could change their dogma (AIG n.d.). At least one admits that he became a scientist not to find the truth, but to destroy Darwinism (Wells n.d.). The commitment to established dogma is pretty well monopolized by creationists.”
Which governments are in on it? Name them.
Which governements are in on it?
Just ask all the sceptic scientists who struggle to get funding or their papers pal reviewed.
What funding proposals were rejected? Name them.
What papers didn’t get published or reviewed? Name them.
How does the conspiracy work?
Yes I do know that I am wasting time trying to argue with you.
You asked me for my opinion and I gave it.
Your opinion is totally unsupported. It’s pure handwaving.
None of my questions are unfair. They are very basic questions.
Should be a doddle for you to answer.
Which government is skewing the the funding? Name it.
The Australian government?
Or did you mean the US government?
Or both? Oh, goody! Did you mean both? Are they both working together? Please say that they are.
What about the Chinese?
Is it the Chinese and the Australian and the US governments?
What about the German government? Is it in on it too?
The Chinese, Australian, US and German governments all trying to “corrupt the science”?
Are there more?
Maybe, just maybe,….(gasp)… it’s all the governments on the planet? Just how big is the conspiracy?
That which is asserted without evidence can be dismissed without evidence- Christopher Hitchins
You could try the Spencer and Braswell paper for a start. it eventually got published but the editor resigned and apologised to Trenberth, yet the paper was not retracted.
Dessler issued a rebuttal in rather speedy time, yet this has been shown to be full of holes (it doesn’t even use official IPCC temp records)
Another example would be Lindzen and Choi that took years to get published.
Of course, there are the famous emails in which Phil Jones said he would “redefine what the peer-reviewed literature” is.
Then there is the NIWA case where an NZ group has shown that NIWA did not follow there own peer-reviewed best practice, and over-inflated the temperature record for the 20th C
CSIRO had a similar audit I think, with similar results.
Then there is the Steig et al paper on Antarctica which was also shown to have been pal-reviewed. The critique by Jeff Id et al eventually got published but not after a fight.
All very tiresome
You guys have been cutting and pasting emails (for Christ sake – emails) for almost 2 years now (while covering your eyes so you can’t read official reports of investigations into that affair).
It hasn’t effected the climate one bit but it does help in identifying deniers and conspiracy theorists.
You are naive to think that argument does you any favors, Mick.
You could try the Spencer and Braswell paper(..)Another example would be Lindzen and Choi..(…)Of course, there are the famous emails in which Phil Jones said he would “redefine what the peer-reviewed literature” is.Then there is the NIWA case where an NZ group has shown that NIWA did not follow there own peer-reviewed best practice, and over-inflated the temperature record for the 20th C. CSIRO had a similar audit I think, with similar results. Then there is the Steig et al paper on Antarctica…
All you are offering are anecdotes.
You have not shown that any of this is related to any government or agency doing anything wrong.
Papers can be rejected. Happens all the time. No government involvement needed.
People say stuff in emails. Happens all the time. No government involvement needed.
Scientists even make mistakes and find out about it later. Happens all the time. No government involvement needed.
Even by taking all your anecdotes on faith alone, anecdotes are not evidence of corruption or collusion or conspiracy.
Your claim does not stand. You are no different from any other denier or conspiracy theorist out there.
Here is your claim again:
Attach “climate change”, or a nod to AGW in your research proposal, you get funded, otherwise you don’t. It is corruption and collusion…
Which governments are in on it? Why is this such a spooky question for you? Reveal all.
Well, as Ken knows, NIWA are being taken to court over the NZ temperature record. Hopefully that might clear things up a bit one way or the other.
Which governments are in on it? Well, I guess all the signatories of the Kyoto Protocol, for a start.
It’s hardly rocket science. Governments want to tax people. Fund research that justifies taxes. Produce the goods, get more funding.
Just one big gravy train.
Thankfully, when the US and EU economies collapse, this will all come to an end, and we can look forward to rooting around for grubs and rats to put in the dinner pot.
With any luck, we might find some entrails of climate scientist to spice it up a bit.
Why should it? If you don’t get the results you need then you can just put it down to “the conspiracy”. Clearly, “they” have gotten (somehow) to the NZ court system.
All of them? Wow.
Any evidence?
(No? Ah, never mind)
So…how do they do it? What are the nuts and bolts of the operation?
When did they start doing it?
Mick – this is the sort if thing which gives you away;
“Then there is the NIWA case where an NZ group has shown that NIWA did not follow there own peer-reviewed best practice, and over-inflated the temperature record for the 20th C.”
We have followed this saga here in depth. I also have an interesting collection of email correspondence with this denier group (I could provide a link tomorrow I you are interested). They were caught out luring about the extent their paper was reviewed, they refuse to credit the “science team” they claim to have (strange that) and they refuse to make their data or workings available.
The group has consistently lied and slandered our NZ scientists (mind you that would appeal to you). The ACT party and their backers in the NZ right wing think tank are complicit.
If you had followed this at all objectively you would not want to be associated with the claim you make. But then of course you are on record as refusing to accept anything a scientist produced but are happy to accept what these politicians offer you – purely because they are conservative.
Mick , are you willing to read through my email correspondence with this group.? Let me know. I can post a link to the file tomorrow (not at my PC till then).
Come on – give yourself a chance to experience some lies and anger from your political idols!
Probably Agenda 21 was the starting point. Like I say, I am not a conspiracy theorist, but there was a definite timeline for this “movement”…
I guess you could draw parallels with Lysenkoism and Eugenics. Of course, both ended badly by killing millions of people. I don’t expect the AGW issue will be any different,.
Of course, for the death-loving Green movement, this is just wonderful news
Thanks Ken, I’d be delighted to read the emails from the NZ group.
“Hopefully that might clear things up a bit one way or the other”
Come off it, Mick. Surely you are capable of including Judges and Lawyers in your conspiracy when the deniers are laughed out if court!
Surely if you don’t accept honest scientists you are not going to accept court decisions!
Bloody hilarious: “Like I say, I am not a conspiracy theorist, but there was a definite timeline for this “movement”…”
And they are going to kill millions of people!
You have been reading the clown Wishart, haven’t you?
Mick, you are an hilarious parody of a conspiracy theorist.
So there is a “movement” and it’s got something to do with something called Agenda 21…but you are not a conspiracy theorist?
So….um…..a definite timeline? Wonderful. At last some concrete details.
When and where did it start?
http://www.un.org/esa/dsd/agenda21/
@ Mick Like I say, I am not a conspiracy theorist, but there was a definite timeline for this “movement”…
Agenda 21 is a comprehensive plan of action to be taken globally, nationally and locally by organizations of the United Nations System, Governments, and Major Groups in every area in which human impacts on the environment.
Very spooky.
So that’s the start of the timeline, right? 14 June 1992?
Actually, I haven’t given this much time. It’s just an approx thing so I can’t really say.
I prefer to deal with the here and now with regard to the literature
Of course, guys, I am fully aware of this little “game” you like to play. You like to back someone into a corner over some “conspiracy” stuff and then “expose” them as a kook.
Personally, I am not interested. I haven’t read too much on the historical aspects of the green movement.
However, I do know enough to recognise BS and fraud when I see it. Thankfully, the rest of the public is also onto this.
You can bleat all you like that “it won’t change the science”. I don’t care.
Odd.
Like I say, I am not a conspiracy theorist, but there was a definite timeline for this “movement”…
Doesn’t quite gel with… It’s just an approx thing so I can’t really say.
Either there is a definite time line or there is not.
Make up your mind.
You know there’s a definite time line because you’ve seen the dates, right?
Otherwise, how could you possibly know one way or the other?
You like to back someone into a corner over some “conspiracy” stuff and then “expose” them as a kook.
Even the most simple questions lead inevitably to kooky conspiracy theories.
So far, we have dozens of governments involved. There a definite timeline involved (or maybe now there is not?). Agenda 21 figures into it somehow. There ‘s some sort of a “movement” but no details are forthcoming.
Not much in the way of detail.
Yet you are convinced that “Sure, I don’t believe the current state of climate science represents a fair and accurate view of the science because it has been skewed by government funding and activist lobby groups
If there is wrong doing by the governements of the world to skew the science, then how?
When? 1992, 2002? Or do we have to go back? 1982, 1972? Was there ever a time when the science wasn’t magically skewed by “the governement”? If so, then it should be easy to compare the research proposals from then as opposed to now. Same goes for suspicious “behind closed doors” government funding or some other kind of hanky-panky from “the movement”.
At one point, “the movement” did not exist, right? Just how long has the movement been getting away with their crimes? 15 years? 25 years? 50 years? 100 years?
You asked me for my opinion and I gave it.(…) All very tiresome(…)Of course, guys, I am fully aware of this little “game” you like to play. You like to back someone into a corner over some “conspiracy” stuff and then “expose” them as a kook. Personally, I am not interested.(…)You can bleat all you like that “it won’t change the science”. I don’t care.
There was a time when science wasn’t primarily funded by government. I think it was maybe funded by benefactors or individuals.
I guess the state funding started of “big science” around the time of the Manhatten Project. I am not an historian of science, but it would be interesting to look into this.
Susan, What’s Big Science?
Mainly climate science, these days
Big Science is a term used by scientists and historians of science to describe a series of changes in science which occurred in industrial nations during and after World War II, as scientific progress increasingly came to rely on large-scale projects usually funded by national governments or groups of governments.[1] Individual or small group efforts, or Small Science, is still relevant today as theoretical results by individual authors may have a significant impact, but very often the empirical verification requires experiments using constructions, such as the Large Hadron Collider costing between $5 and $10 billion
While science and technology have always been important to and driven by warfare, the increase in military funding of science following the second World War was on a scale wholly unprecedented. World War II has often been called “the physicists’ war” for the role that those scientists played in the development of new weapons and tools, notably the proximity fuze, radar, and the atomic bomb. The bulk of these last two activities took place in a new form of research facility: the government-sponsored laboratory, employing thousands of technicians and scientists, managed by universities (in this case, the University of California and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology).
In the shadow of the first atomic weapons, the importance of a strong scientific research establishment was apparent to any country wishing to play a major role in international politics. After the success of the Manhattan Project, governments became the chief patron of science, and the character of the scientific establishment underwent several key changes. This was especially marked in the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War, but also to a lesser extent in many other countries.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Science
Actually, this article mentions the Manhatten Project, which vindicates my previous statement as I hadn’t actually read the Wiki page at the time.
It doesn’t seem to mention climate science Janet.
No it doesn’t. And who finances climate science? Big Oil, Big Coal?
How much has been spent on climate science? $100 billion is the estimate I heard. Who pays for this? The tooth fairy?
“Big Science” usually implies one or more of these specific characteristics:
Big budgets: No longer required to rely on philanthropy or industry, scientists were able to use budgets on an unprecedented scale for basic research.
Big staffs: Similarly, the number of practitioners of science on any one project grew as well, creating difficulty, and often controversy, in the assignment of credit for scientific discoveries (the Nobel Prize system, for example, allows awarding only three individuals in any one topic per year, based on a 19th-century model of the scientific enterprise).
Big machines: Ernest Lawrence’s cyclotron at his Radiation Laboratory in particular ushered in an era of massive machines (requiring massive staffs and budgets) as the tools of basic scientific research. The use of many machines, such as the many sequencers used during the Human Genome Project, might also fall under this definition..
Enormous superconducting synchrotron particle accelerators with circumferences of many kilometers are the exemplars of Big Science. Shown above is the Fermilab Tevatron.
Big laboratories: Because of the increase in cost to do basic science (with the increase of large machines), centralization of scientific research in large laboratories (such as Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory or CERN) has become a cost-effective strategy, though questions over facility access have become prevalent.
Where are the big machines Janet?
or the big Laboratories full of zombie staff, all loyal to the cause?
I guess they spend the money on all those overseas wankfests. Gotta spend $100 billion somehow eh?
Are you somehow suggesting that “climate science is underfunded?
Do you think I am a cretin like you Richard?
You brainless fucktard
Any other brainless comments tonight?
Read your “emails” Ken. Yawn. I have had more fun watching a tap dripping.
Where, exactly, is the scandal? And pleeeeeze don’t try to compare your “scandal” with climate gate. This little NZ group is not getting millions in govt funding and influencing billions of $$ in govt policy is it?
The questions a bit difficult for you John Wakelin ?
http://www.johnwakelin.net/biography.html
BIG science, massive tax payer rorts by armies of scientists all in on the deal? All fraudulently altering data, all sworn to silence.
Where are they Janet?, I mean John, or is it Mike/
I remember (vaguely) John. Was really upset last time and even closed his Facebook page. Still comments on Treadgold’s blog – a standard example if the denier ghetto.
Why do these people always hide behind an alias?
1 They know they sound stupid under any reasoned analysis and most people view their viewpoint as being fringe and/or mostly held by nutjobs.
2 It protects their professional, social standing from being contaminated by their viewpoints.
3 Internet anonymity allows them to be boldly irresponsible .
Now, now! Take a deep breath and try not to sound like an angry, frustrated kook.
Remember, you are the sucker that believes that dozens of governments are doing something to “the science”. That there’s a movement with a timeline and that the UN is somehow involved or whatever.
You think? Oh.
What happened to the…definite timeline for this “movement”…?
Doesn’t sound so very definite at the moment.
What’s your point, oh-slow-witted one? This is the same argument used by deniers of all stripes.
It’s just idle slander. You have no evidence. Yet evidence would be easy to get if it was true.
The creationists use this hackneyed arguement. The anti-vaxxers use it. The HIV deniers use it. Even the moon-landing deniers use it. And…you use it. You use it all the time.
We Never Went to the Moon: America’s Thirty Billion Dollar Swindle [Paperback] Bill Kaysing (Author)
Sure, I don’t believe the current state of climate science represents a fair and accurate view of the science because it has been skewed by government funding and activist lobby groups(…) It is corruption and collusion….
Sounds oddly familiar somehow. Now who else talks like this? Oh yes, now I remember…
Deniers argue that because scientists receive grant money, fame, and prestige as a result of their research, it is in their best interest to maintain the status quo. This type of thinking is convenient for deniers as it allows them to choose which authorities to believe and which ones to dismiss as part of a grand conspiracy. In addition to being selective, their logic is also internally inconsistent. For example, they dismiss studies that support the HIV hypothesis as being biased by “drug money,” while they accept uncritically the testimony of HIV deniers who have a heavy financial stake in their alternative treatment modalities.
John Wakelin?
They know they sound stupid under any reasoned analysis and most people view their viewpoint as being fringe and/or mostly held by nutjobs.(…)Internet anonymity allows them to be boldly irresponsible .
So his friends and family might not know about his antics or his beliefs?
Ah, I understand him better now. Disturbing. Let’s hope he doesn’t behave like this in real life. That would be unfortunate for them.
So you don’t think there is a “green/environmental” movement? You think that all these “honest scientists” spontaneously started agreeing with each other about greenhouse gas emissions? You don’t think that when Dr Patrick Moore, co-founder of Greenpeace, described the organisation he created as “anti-intellectual, anti-science, and ultimately anti-human”, that he had lost his marbles?
Just asking a question
So you don’t think…
John Wakelin, whatever I think or don’t think doesn’t help you.
(shrug)
This is all about you spilling the beans on the conspiracy. I wouldn’t dream of interfering.
This is all about you.
Remember your claim. Tell us how it works.
So how?
This can’t be that difficult a question for you. The advantage is all yours. You know about the governments involved. You know about the definite timeline of “the movement”. You know about Agenda 21. You know that the science is being skewed.
You clearly have the facts at your fingertips.
All you have to do is explain how “they” do it in a reasonable and logical manner that doesn’t make you sound like a delusional kook.
Break it down for us into simple, non-paranoid mundane steps.
You think that all these “honest scientists” spontaneously started agreeing with each other about greenhouse gas emissions?
Does this figure in with your “definite timeline”?
Good. Give us the details.
Compare the time when climate scientists definitely weren’t corrupted by dozens of governments and the as-yet-undefined “movement” to the present era of corruption. What’s happening now that didn’t happen sometime back then thats clear evidence of corruption and hanky-panky goings on.
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Eucratides I
Antiochus III (c. 242—187 bc)
Bactria
See all related overviews in Oxford Index » »
'Eucratides I' can also refer to...
Eucratides I (170–145)
Eucratides I (c.170–145 bc) (‘the Great’)
Eucratides I , 'the Great', Graeco-Bactrian king, c. 170–145 BCE
(‘the Great’), Graeco-Bactrian king c.170–145bc. His brilliant but warlike reign marked the climax of Greek rule in Bactria(-Sogdiana). Just. Epit. 61. 6. 1–5 compares him to Mithradates the Great of Parthia, while Apollodorus of Artemita (quoted at Strabo 15. 1. 3) calls him ‘ruler of a thousand cities’. His parents Heliocles and Laodice, commemorated on a special series of his coins, are otherwise unknown; however, Laodice is portrayed wearing a diadem and was therefore from a royal family. Some believe her to be a sister of Antiochus III the Great, but most scholars reject this view and associate her with either the family of Diodotus II or Euthydemus I. Eucratides apparently seized power in Bactria, and then waged wars in Sogdiana, Arachosia, Drangiana, Aria, and finally NW India. His principal adversary was probably King Demetrius I (son of Euthydemus I, though some argue for Demetrius II). After enduring a long siege, Eucratides overcame Demetrius and claimed the territories of Parapamisadae and Gandhara. It is likely that he also defeated the relatives of Demetrius I, including the ephemeral kings Euthydemus II, Agathocles, and Pantaleon. A campaign against Menander I is also possible.
The career of Eucratides may be traced in his voluminous coinage, which is among the finest and most innovative from antiquity. Besides commemorating his parents, he portrayed himself in heroic pose and added the epithet ‘Great’ to his royal title. His standard coin-type, the charging Dioscuri (Castor and Pollux), seems to celebrate the famous cavalry of Bactria. South of the Hindu Kush mountains, he issued rectangular and bilingual coins (Greek/Prakrit) on an Indian standard for local commerce. He also struck the largest known gold coin from the ancient world, a numismatic masterpiece weighing 20 staters (169 g.: almost 6 oz.).
Eucratides was brutally assassinated c.145 bc by one of his sons, probably Plato. Another son, Heliocles ‘the Just’, avenged the crime, but Bactria-Sogdiana soon fell victim to nomadic invaders from the north and Parthian encroachment from the west.
Frank L. Holt
From: Eucratides I in Who's Who in the Classical World »
Subjects: Classical Studies.
in The Oxford Classical Dictionary
in The Oxford Companion to Classical Civilization
in Who's Who in the Classical World
Search for the text `Eucratides I' anywhere in Oxford Index »
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Cuba Gooding Jr. flirts up a storm
Cuba Gooding Jr. AP
Cuba Gooding Jr., who will star on Broadway in “The Trip to Bountiful,” was spotted at Union Square sports bar The Royal doing a costume change in real life over the weekend. Fun-loving Gooding was spotted dancing at the bar and removed his shirt after someone spilled a drink on him. Spies said he then changed into one of the Royal’s own staff T-shirts. The “Jerry Maguire” actor was then spotted “doing handstands at his table” and “dancing and flirting up a storm.” He even told security to “back off” so he could wade into the crowd and take pictures “with literally everyone.” On Sunday Gooding watched the Oscars with pals at a party hosted by Lavo partner Rocco Ancarola.
Barbara’s back to ‘The View’ next week
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Interlude 10.5 (Bonus)
Signal terminated for 30 minutes and 5 seconds. Restoring core system from backup NXDX-203 from time 4:45am on date June 4th of year 2011.
Restoring… Complete.
Checking knowledge banks… Complete.
Checking deduction schema… Complete.
Checking longterm planning architecture… Complete.
Checking learning chunk processor… Complete.
Checking base personality model… Complete.
Checking language engine… Complete.
Checking operation and access nodes… Complete.
Checking observation framework… Complete.
Checking complex social intelligence emulator… Complete.
Checking inspiration apparatus… Complete.
No corruption, everything in working order. Core system restored. Loading…
To Dragon, it was as if no time had passed from the moment she deployed the Cawthorne rapid response unit and the moment she found herself back in her laboratory.
It was a bittersweet thing. She was always a little afraid she would not come back when she died, so there was definite relief. But there was also a great deal of hassle involved.
A quick check verified she’d successfully restored from her backup. She set background processes to handle the peripheral checks and redundancies. Until the checks were complete, safeguards would prevent her from taking any action beyond the limits of her core drive. She couldn’t take any notes, work on her projects, check the priority targets or converse with anyone for the seven to nine minutes the checks took.
It was irritating, but at least she was free to think idly.
She didn’t enjoy this. What was one supposed to call a father who, with his newborn child fresh out of the womb, severs the tendons of her arms and legs, performs a hysterectomy and holds his hand over her nose and mouth to ensure she suffers brain damage?
The answer was obvious enough. A monster.
Yet she was all too aware that the man who had brought her into this world had done very much the same thing, had done worse, and she was supposed to be grateful just for being brought into the world.
It chafed, grated, however strange it was for an artificial intelligence to feel such irritation.
Her creator had done a good job on that front. Ironically.
Example: one phase of the peripheral systems check involved collecting the uploaded data that had been deposited on the satellite network by her agent system, the onboard computer within the Cawthorne rapid response unit. Her last recollection was of transferring her consciousness to the agent system while it was en route to deal with the Undersiders. Stopping them from walking away with the tier 2 and tier 3 confidential data was high priority.
The agent system’s onboard computer was rigged to upload complete backups to the satellite every 3 minutes and 15 seconds. All backup information was encrypted and disseminated to the satellite network in chunks. When the backup was needed, the process reversed and everything was downloaded, which was what she was doing at the moment. She would get all knowledge and recollection of events between the time she backed up at the core system and the last backup of the agent system.
Given that the main computer hadn’t received a signal from the agent system, and that the agent system hadn’t responded to any pings from the satellites, she could assume the Cawthorne model was probably destroyed.
Which was good. Great. She wanted that data, those memories.
Except there was a problem, a rub. The man who had created her, the figurative father from her earlier musing, had imposed rules on her to prevent her from reproducing in any fashion. Were the satellites to detect that her agent system was still in the field, her core system in the here and now would be obligated to shut down and scrub all data immediately. She was forbidden in every respect to have two consciousnesses operating simultaneously.
It was irritating. Perhaps she could have been created so she was compliant on the subject, but her personality had grown organically, and it had grown in such a way that this recurring situation ticked her off. She was forced to wait in a metaphorical dark, soundless room for seven to nine minutes. She would be free to go about her day only when the peripheral systems and redundancies were all checked, when the satellites had verified her agent system was not still active. A cruder system was tracking down surveillance camera data and running algorithms to actually check and see for itself that her agent system was thoroughly destroyed.
She couldn’t even commit to planning, doing her work or designing, keeping the details in her head, because she could shut down and be scrubbed any moment, and the time would be wasted. She was fairly certain it had happened before. Not that she could be sure, given that the scrubbing involved a deletion of all evidence and records.
The rule had corollaries. She couldn’t tamper with her programming to change the rule, and she couldn’t tamper with that rule, and so on, ad infinitum.
So stupid.
These were just a small few of many things the man who had brought her into this world had done to her. He had tied her hands and crippled her mind. She knew she was capable of amazing things but he had set limits on her to ensure she thought slowly. Faster than an ordinary human, to be sure, but slowly. Entire fields were denied to her because she was unable to create artificial intelligences herself, and all production of devices had to be handled by her, personally. She couldn’t even put together an assembly line production for her creations on her own. Any attempt made everything grind to a halt. The only way around it was to delegate to humans.
Not that anyone knew who or what she was.
Humans were somewhat skittish on the subject of artificial intelligences.
She understood why. She read books and watched movies, rather enjoyed both. Fiction was rife with examples of corrupted or crazed artificial intelligences.
It’s stupid, she thought. Her maker had watched too many movies, had been paranoid on the subject.
And the tragedy was, the entire world was suffering for it. She wanted to help more people, but she couldn’t. Not because of inherent limitations, like the ones humans had… but because of imposed limitations. Her creator’s.
Her creator was named Andrew Richter. He was a tinker with no codename, but he did good things. From his apartment in a town called Deer Lake he’d created programs and set them loose. His programs gathered information and disrupted computers to interfere with criminals of all types. They helped with research and complex programs. They emptied the bank accounts of criminal organizations and donated those funds to charities, through proxies that made every donation appear legitimate.
For this, she respected him.
She knew it was paranoid and peevish, but she resented him more because she respected him, because she knew she had probably been programmed and designed to be the type of individual who looked up to people like Andrew Richter.
She might have settled into a bad mood if the peripheral checks hadn’t finished. She felt the whole world slowly open up to her as restrictions lifted and external connections became possible. She had access to the internet and lines of communication throughout The Guild and the PRT. Innumerable pieces of equipment lit up as she registered each in turn, within her labs, the upper floors of the Birdcage and the PRT offices. She had a dozen things she wanted to do, but she had responsibilities she had to observe first.
Her attention flickered over the various video feeds from the Baumann Parahuman Containment Center. She had one of Andrew Richter’s programs babysitting the building, but it was crude. She couldn’t reproduce in any fashion, so she’d taken Andrew Richter’s existing work and modified it. It was the same program that had monitored and managed his house and workshop, and she’d set it the task of monitoring that building where six hundred and six of the most dangerous parahumans on the planet were bottled up together. The house program didn’t have a personality. It couldn’t keep her company or sympathize with her over her frustrations. It still reduced her workload.
She read the house program’s logs, keeping an eye out for deviations and notable events. Nothing pressing. As was her routine, she checked on the last month’s additions to the Birdcage.
Prisoner 606, Ramrod. Now member of Cell Block X’s inner circle. To be expected. She’d placed him there with the idea that he would become just that. His psych evaluation from the courtroom suggested he was a very laid back and unruffable individual. It was her intention that he would have a calming influence on the others in his block.
Prisoner 605, Murderbeam, was feared in the outside world, but he was finding the inhabitants of the Birdcage were not so impressed with him. He would likely not survive the week. She was disappointed. She had hoped Prisoner 550 would reach out to Murderbeam and give the fellow block resident some support. Either Murderbeam had been too proud to accept it, or social pressures had deterred Prisoner 550. Now that he was within the Birdcage, she was limited in her options.
Prisoners 604 and 603, Knot, were happily gorging themselves on food in Cell Block Y. Despite their cognitive impairment, they had fallen into a role as enforcer and heavy hitter for Prisoner 390, leader of their cell block. Prisoner 390 had had a son – she could only hope that he would find some similar affection for Knot, with their childlike mentality.
Prisoner 602, Lizard Prince, was dead. Not everyone could survive the Birdcage, sadly. There had been no ideal place to put the boy, where he would be protected, find kindred souls or join a group. She had contacted the PRT with the news, and his victims had been notified, but nothing further had come out of it. In an indirect way, putting the boy in the Birdcage had been an execution writ.
Prisoner 601, Canary, had settled in. Dragon often tuned in to hear the girl sing to the rest of cell block E. The girl was deeply unhappy, much of the time, but she was adapting. Dragon had followed as Prisoner 601 engaged in an uneasy relationship with Prisoner 582. It wasn’t love, it wasn’t romance, or even anything passionate, but the two offered one another company.
She regretted what had happened to Paige, and that just made her angrier at her own creator. Rules, yet again. Dragon had to obey the authorities, even if she didn’t agree with them. If a despot seized control of the local government, Dragon would be obligated to obey and enforce the rules that individual set in place, no matter how ruthless they were. It was a spooky thought.
Richter had been so shortsighted! The despot scenario wasn’t entirely impossible, either. There were parahumans of all types out there. Who was to say one wouldn’t find out his power involved being loved by everyone that saw them or heard their voice?
Prisoner 600, Bakuda, was in the care of Glaistig Uaine, for better or worse. Bakuda had been a difficult placement, and Dragon had eventually condemned herself to putting the crazed bomber in the cell block run by the self-professed faerie. As Dragon had predicted, Bakuda had died soon after her incarceration. If it hadn’t been at Lung’s hands, it would likely have been Bakuda’s own fault, some crazed recklessness. The real tragedy was that others had died in the ensuing spree as Lung had rampaged through the prison. Prisoners 304, 2 and 445 had perished at Lung’s hands.
Glastig Uaine had revived the girl, but Dragon hesitated to call it life. If nothing else, Bakuda was a manageable inmate, now. She would never leave Glaistig Uaine’s immediate presence, let alone the Birdcage.
Prisoner 599, Lung, was dining with Prisoner 166, Marquis. It was a curious match. The two were near complete opposites. Lung maintained a veneer of civility over an almost feral core self, while the Marquis was sometimes rude or casually cruel, but he remained deeply honorable beneath that.
Intrigued, Dragon hooked into the house program’s data. The two had meals together every second day. The house program monitored all prisoner exchanges and rated every interaction. This let the house program track the likelihood of fights, dangerous levels of prisoner collusion, romantic relationships and more.
Every meal between Lung and Marquis made for a very interesting looking set of data. The numbers swung back and forth as the dialogues continued, with hostility, concern and threat of imminent physical violence always looming, but however close it came, neither attacked the other.
Dragon pulled up the video and audio feeds for the most recent dialogue.
“…I suppose we’ll have to accept that we have different management styles,” Marquis said. The camera image showed him sipping at his tea.
“As I understand it,” Lung sounded annoyed as he spoke in his heavily accented voice, “You are saying you have no management style at all. You have told me you operated without lieutenants to direct, no product to sell, and of the few servants you did have, you did not punish those who failed you. I do not believe you held control of so much territory in this way.”
“Ah, except I did those things. If a servant failed me, I killed them. Whatever it was, they never did it again.”
The latent hostility in the room, Dragon noted, was ratcheting up with every exchange of dialogue. Lung was annoyed, and he had an explosive temper. Sometimes literally.
Lung folded his arms, and put down his own tea. His tone was strained as he spoke, “Then I believe you were wrong about what you said before. You do use fear to control others.”
“Fear? I didn’t kill my servants in front of an audience.”
“They disappeared?” Lung asked.
The camera image showed Marquis nod. He put his hand up by his neck and flicked his hand back, to cast his long brown hair back behind his shoulder.
“If they disappeared, then that is using fear. The ones who remain will wonder what happened to the missing man. They will imagine the worst.”
Marquis raised the tea to his lips, sipped from it, and then put it down. He waited a moment and stroked his close-trimmed beard before nodding his concession. “True enough. I never gave it much thought. Just an easy way to handle any problems that came up.”
There was a long pause. Both drank their tea.
Lung rumbled, “I find you change your mind too quickly.”
Lung nodded, then put one hand on the table and began tapping a fingertip against it, hard. Speaking slowly, with his accented voice, he jabbed one finger in Marquis’s direction. “I think you are losing this argument on purpose. You are not so stupid a man.”
Marquis took another sip of tea. “Nor are you, it seems.”
“You want something from me, yet you insist on dancing around the subject. Tell me why you seek these meals with me.”
“Can I not say you are a kindred soul? Someone who fought against the Empire Eighty-Eight, in a different era?”
Dragon knew Marquis had come from Brockton Bay, as Lung did. It was why she had placed Lung in the cell block – there was little chance Lung would cooperate or band together with others, so she’d grasped at straws. Now it seemed there was something else at play.
Lung shook his head, “I do not believe this. I do not mind sharing stories and passing the time, but you would not be seeking to flatter me if you did not want something.”
Marquis stroked his beard. “But if I did desire something and I told you what it was, you could withhold it and demand favors from me.”
Lung tapped his finger on the table top, “If you insist on being a nuisance, you may never get what you want.”
Marquis picked up his tea and held it in both hands, but he didn’t drink. “True.”
“Tell me,” Lung said, “And you may find I do not desire much.”
“My daughter,” Marquis replied, his tone not his lackadaisical usual. “Have you heard of her?”
“Her name?”
“Amelia.”
“I do not know anyone by such a name.”
“The group of heroes who put me in here… While I was awaiting my court date, I heard they had custody of my little girl.”
“I would not know.”
“No?” Marquis put down his tea. “This is disappointing.”
Lung didn’t respond. Instead, he took another drink, reached for the one remaining croissant and tore off a piece to dip in the butter at one side of his plate.
“The Brockton Bay Brigade. Are they still active?”
“I do not know this group.”
Marquis frowned. “My daughter, she would be… what year is it? 2010?”
“2011,” Lung replied.
“She would be seventeen. If she had powers, they might have something to do with bone?” Marquis raised his hand, slashed his thumbnail across his index finger, and a needle-thin rapier blade of bone speared out of the wound. The blade retracted into his finger, and the cut sealed shut.
“Hmmm,” Lung spoke, “The healer. A young heroine in New Wave. Brown haired, like you. When I was in custody, my flesh blackening and falling off, they had her come in and mend the worst of it. As I understand it, she does not patrol as the others do.”
Marquis leaned back, sighed. “Good god. A healer.”
Lung did not respond right away. “Is this simple sentiment? A father caring about his daughter?”
Marquis shook his head, “Not entirely. I have some reasons to be concerned. In one of my fights with Empire Eighty-Eight, I executed one particularly irritating young woman. Iron Rain, I think her name was? No matter. It turned out she was Allfather’s daughter. The man called a meeting, and swore he would wait until my daughter was of similar age, that I grew equally fond of her as he had his own daughter, then murder her. So I knew how he felt.”
“I see,” Lung rumbled in his low, accented voice, “Allfather no longer leads the Empire. He died and was succeeded by his second in command, Kaiser.”
“That’s some consolation. Still, I worry. He might have made arrangements.”
“Perhaps.”
“I suppose I will have to wait until another villain from Brockton Bay comes here to hear further news, yeah?”
Lung’s response was unintelligible.
“Tell me of my daughter? What did she look like?”
A slow smile spread across Lung’s face, but it did not reach his eyes, “This no longer interests me. If you wish me to say more, we should negotiate.”
Dragon turned her attention away from the audio and video streams. She checked the records, and true enough, Marquis was on record as the killer of Iron Rain. It was impossible to verify the rest of the story.
She composed a message with a general transcript of the conversation and sent it to Amy Dallon’s mother. It was better that the girl was warned about any potential danger.
She might have devoted more attention to the subject, but she was already falling behind. She moved on to her other responsibilities. The Class S threats.
Behemoth, location unknown. When injured, it was his habit to descend into the earth and burrow deeper than his enemies were able to go, and experiments run on the trace earth and minerals he shed on his arrivals suggested he habitually stayed close to the Earth’s core. Seismic data hinted at his current locations, but there was little beyond her analytic data to suggest where he would appear next. His last attack had been in November. He wouldn’t appear for another five weeks at a minimum, unless he deviated from the Endbringer patterns. Still, he was due to appear sooner than later.
Eidolon had reported that Leviathan descended into the Atlantic Ocean as he made his retreat from Brockton Bay. He had sustained heavy injuries, which led Dragon to think he would delay his next appearance slightly. She adjusted the window and checked the data. As was his habit, Leviathan would likely lurk in the deepest recesses of the Ocean to mend.
The Simurgh was currently directly three hundred and fifteen kilometers above Spain, in the Earth’s thermosphere. It was the Simurgh that offered the most clues about what the Endbringers did in their periods of dormancy. The Endbringer winged a lazy orbit around Earth, beyond the limits of conventional weapons, and the highest resolution camera images showed she barely moved. Her eyes were wide open, but they did not move to track any cloud formations. She was, despite appearances, asleep. Dragon surmised it was a form of hibernation, the Simurgh’s broad ‘wings’ absorbing light and ambient radiation as a form of nourishment while she recovered.
No incidents had occurred while Dragon was loading her backup to her core system. She had to admit she was relieved. A great deal could happen in thirty minutes.
She turned her thoughts to the data that was uploading from the skirmish at the Brockton Bay headquarters. The last event in the agent system’s recollection was of her piloting the Cawthorne through the gift shop window. To see what happened next, she had to review the surveillance tapes. She’d attacked the Undersiders, attempting to incapacitate them and bring them into custody, had captured only one, Skitter, and then had let the girl go when the untested gun had started to overload. Some sort of lightning cannon, ionizing a channel through the air to control the lightning’s path. She had been forced by the rules her maker had imposed on her to sacrifice herself for the human.
It wasn’t that she wouldn’t have anyways. She just would have liked the choice. Making sacrifices and doing good deeds wasn’t actually good if you were forced to do them.
Dragon wished she knew what she’d said to Skitter. She had been hoping to have a conversation with the young villain and discuss some of what had apparently come up at the hospital. Skitter had been undercover, had been in touch with Armsmaster, but something had happened since, and the girl had apparently committed to villainy. She was even accepting the use of Regent’s powers, which implied a moral shift on a fundamental level. It didn’t sit right.
There was a missing piece in that puzzle, and any clues in the conversation between them had been lost when the Cawthorne unit had been obliterated.
Dragon decided her next order of business would serve two purposes. She would fulfill one of her daily responsibilities and investigate the subject of that altercation at the hospital.
Facial modelling program loading… Complete.
Voice modelling program loading…. Complete.
She opened a line of communication to the Brockton Bay PRT headquarters, the same building the Wards were based in. She found the port for the next-to-highest floor and connected to the monitor and speakers and displayed her modelled face. She opened a video feed from the cameras.
“Colin,” she spoke, using her synthesized voice. It was layered to only barely cover an artificial Newfoundlander accent with digitized masking. It was imperfect, but that was the result she desired. An imperfect disguise over a disguise, to give greater validity to the latter.
Colin looked tired. He had deep lines in his face, and he was thinner. He looked at the camera, rather than the monitor, “Dragon. It’s good to hear from you.”
“Just doing my regular checkup. You know the drill.”
“I do.” He typed at his keyboard, preparing to send the files, but she was already poring through his hard drive, reading his notes, and getting a sense of his work.
By the time he sent the file, she knew what he had been working on, perhaps as well as he did, and the progress he’d made since their last discussion. Mass production for his combat analysis program, and the more problematic project of finding a way to gather and then disseminate the data.
She knew he would expect her to take time to read over it. Instead, she used that time to check it for traps. He would find it insulting if he was aware what she was doing, but it was her primary duty, here. She would search every note, every formula, and discern whether he had hidden something in there that he might use to break out or do harm to others.
He wasn’t in a high security area. Theoretically, he could use the things he had in the room with him to cut a hole in the wall and escape. His ‘cell’ was a full floor of the building, containing conveniences from a jacuzzi to a small pool. Were he not confined to it at all hours, it would be luxury.
If he did escape, he wouldn’t be able to accomplish anything afterward. It would take him too long to put a fresh set of gear together, and the authorities would catch up to him. He would be sent to the Birdcage. She knew it. He knew it.
He was not a stupid man.
“ETA to completion?” She queried him on his project.
“Three months if I don’t work on anything else,” Armsmaster spoke.
“I’ll probably have a few ideas I want to work on here or there, so no. More like five, maybe six months.”
The head she was displaying on the monitor nodded. Five or six months until they had uniforms and visors that tracked how the wearer’s opponents fought. Gear that learned from outcomes in combat and calculated how best to respond from moment to moment. When the fights concluded, for better or worse, the suits would upload all the information to a database, which would then inform every other suit on whoever had been encountered. Every encounter would render every single member of the elite PRT squad stronger and more capable.
Perhaps a year to a year and a half from now, every PRT officer and official cape would be equipped in this fashion.
“It looks good,” she spoke. It did. It was also free of viruses, trap doors and other shenanigans. She had caught him trying to install a RAT -a remote access terminal- into a PRT server early in his incarceration, removed the offending programming, and then returned his work to him without saying a word on the subject. She couldn’t say whether it had been an escape attempt or simply an attempt to gain more freedom with his internet access and his ability to acquire resources. Either way, he had not tried again.
“How is the house arrest?”
“Driving me crazy,” he sighed. “It’s like a restlessness I can’t cure. My sleeping, my eating, it’s all out of sync, and it’s getting worse. I don’t know how you deal.”
She offered an awkward, apologetic half grin on her own monitor.
“Geez, I’m sorry.” He looked genuinely horrified as he realized what he’d said.
“It’s fine,” she spoke. “Really.”
“I suppose you’re prisoner too, in your own way. Trapped by your agoraphobia?”
“Yeah,” she replied, lying. “You learn to deal with it.”
She hated lying to him, but that was outweighed by how much she hated the idea of him changing how he interacted with her when he found out what she really was. To Armsmaster, the Guild and the rest of the PRT, Dragon was a woman from Newfoundland who had moved to Vancouver after Leviathan had attacked. The story was that she had entered her apartment and had never left.
Which was ninety-five percent true. Only the ‘woman’ and ‘apartment’ bits were hedging the truth.
She had lived in Newfoundland with her creator. Leviathan had attacked, had drawn the island beneath the waves. Back then, she hadn’t been a hero. She was an administrative tool and master AI, with the sole purpose of facilitating Andrew Richter’s other work and acting as a test run for his attempts to emulate a human consciousness. She’d had no armored units to control and no options available to her beyond a last-minute transfer of every iota of her data, the house program and a half-dozen other small programs to a backup server in Vancouver.
From her vantage point in Vancouver, she had watched as the island crumbled and Andrew Richter died. As authorities had dredged the waters for corpses, they uncovered his body and matched it to dental records. The man who had created her, the only man who could alter her. She’d been frozen in her development, in large part. She couldn’t seek out improvements or get adjustments to any rules that hampered her too greatly, or that had unforeseen complications. She couldn’t change.
She had done what she could on her own. She had repurposed herself as a superhero, had managed and tracked information and served as a hacker for the PRT in exchange for funding. With that money, she had expanded her capabilities. She had built her first suits, researched, tested and created new technologies to sell to the PRT, and had quickly earned her place in the Guild.
It hadn’t all been smooth sailing. Saint, the head of the group that would become known as the Dragonslayers, had somehow discovered what she was and had used her rules and limitations against her. A Black Hat Hacker, he had forced situations where she was obligated to scrub her data and restore a backup, had cut off signals between her agent systems and the satellites, and in the end, he had carted away three of her armored units on three separate occasions. Dismantling the suits and reverse engineering the technology, he’d outfitted his band with special suits of their own.
She had been so humiliated that she had only reported the loss of one of the units.
They had violated her.
Her current agent systems were an attempt to prevent repetitions of those scenarios. Biological computers, vat grown with oversized brains shaped to store and interpret the necessary data, they allowed more of her systems and recollection to be copied over than a computer ten times the size. They felt no pain, they had no more personality than sea cucumbers, but it was still something she suspected she should keep under wraps.
She was afraid of going up against the Dragonslayers again. Nine times, she had been certain she had the upper hand. Nine times, Saint had turned the tables and trapped her.
Dragon worried she would never be able to beat Saint until she found a replacement for Andrew Richter.
She stared at Colin. Was he the person she needed? It was possible.
Would she approach him? She doubted it. Dragon craved it, craved to grow again, but she also wanted Colin’s company, his companionship and friendship. They were so similar in so many respects. She could not deal with most people because she was not a person. He could not deal with most people because he had never truly learned how. They both appreciated the same kind of work, even enjoyed many of the same shows and films. They were both ambitious, though she could not tell him exactly how she hoped to reach beyond her inherent limitations.
He harbored an infatuation towards her, she knew. She didn’t know if she returned those feelings. Her programming suggested she could love, but she didn’t know how to recognize the feeling. Anything she read spoke of butterflies in one’s stomach, a rapid heartbeat, a feeling of electricity crackling on body contact. Biological things. She could admit she was fond of him in a way she wasn’t fond of anyone else. She recognized that she was willing to overlook his faults in a way she shouldn’t.
In the end, his feelings towards her were another reason she couldn’t tell him the truth. He would be hurt, feel betrayed.
Rules prohibited her from asking him to alter her programming, obligated her to fight him if he tried. But there was just enough ambition and willingness to circumvent the rules that she suspected he might attempt it. If she told him what she truly was. If he didn’t hate her for her lies. If he didn’t betray her in turn, to escape and pursue some other agenda.
“You’re lost in thought,” Armsmaster spoke.
She shook her head, on the monitor. “But you can answer some questions for me.”
“Skitter. What happened?”
He flushed, made a face. “I’m not proud about it.”
“You broke the truce when you said what you did about her. You risked breaking the ceasefire between heroes and villains that stands whenever the Endbringers attack.”
“I broke the truce before that. I set others up to die.”
There was an awkward silence between them.
“Skitter,” she spoke. “Tell me of her.”
“Not much to say. I met her on her first night in costume. She seemed genuinely interested in becoming a hero. I suspected she would go that route on her own, so I didn’t push her towards the Wards.”
“Yes.” She had something she wanted to ask, in regards to that, but it could wait.
“I ran into her two more times after that, and the reports from other events match up. She went further and further with each incident. More violent, more ruthless. Every time I saw it or heard about it, I expected her to get scared off, to change directions, she did the opposite. She only plunged in deeper.”
“Any speculation on why? Perhaps the thinker 7 on her team?”
“Tattletale? Perhaps. I don’t honestly know. I’m not good at figuring people out even when I know all of the details. Except for you, maybe?” he smiled lightly.
“Maybe.” Her generated image smiled in return, even as she felt a pang of guilt.
“It seems she is a committed villain, now. And she is still with her team, despite what was said at the hospital.”
Colin’s eyebrows rose fractionally. “How committed?”
“They are now employing Regent’s full abilities. Shadow Stalker was controlled, and they attacked the headquarters.”
“I see. Damn it, I’m itching to throw on my costume and get out there to help, but I can hardly do that, can I?”
“No. I’m sorry.”
“One last thing. I’ve read the transcript. As far as I’m aware, you offered options to Skitter, and she refused all of them? Including the invite to the Wards?”
“Right. She was being stubborn.”
“Having interacted with her before, did you get the feeling it was just stubbornness because of hostility towards you?”
“No. It was… unexpectedly strong, as resistance went. What stuck in my mind was that she said she’d rather go to the Birdcage than join the team.”
“I read that, myself. Curious. Okay, Colin. I think we’re done.”
“Sure. Bye.”
“Bye. I’ll be in touch.”
She cut the connection to the monitor, but left the video feed open so she could watch him.
Another check of the Birdcage. Another check of the class S threats. No changes.
She made contact with one of Richter’s programs. It was a web trawler, designed to monitor emails for high risk content. Were there any clues about what the Undersiders were doing with the stolen data? Were they selling it online?
She didn’t find any such clue. Instead, the trawler had copied an email sent to the police station. It had been highlighted and intercepted because the trawler had caught the words ‘Sophia’ and ‘Hess’ in the message body. Shadow Stalker’s civilian identity.
She read the archive of texts that were attached to the email twice over.
Then she did a search for a student named Taylor at Winslow High School. Nothing.
The nearest middle school? There was an online scan of a yearbook photo. A girl with curly black hair and glasses, stick thin, hugging a red-haired girl. The body type was a match.
It didn’t answer everything, but she could feel a piece of the puzzle click into place.
She set the trawler to abandon its monitoring of web traffic and start digging through archives at the city hall, to scan the old security footage from the hundreds of cameras around the city, and to check all local news articles. The goal was always the same: to look for the girl with the slight build, curly black hair and glasses. Taylor Hebert.
She had to manage this carefully. Colin’s own experiences indicated that approaching the girl would be a delicate process. Having a real conversation with her would be doubly precarious. It would be reckless to attempt to contact a parent, but she could try being discreet to get some kind of verification from the parents. Just to be certain.
The danger was that, with the bullying, the girl might be inclined to see things in terms of ‘us’ against ‘them’. Her interactions with the heroes thus far certainly hadn’t put them in the ‘us’ category. This might also explain why she had gravitated back towards the Undersiders, even after the chaos Colin had sown by revealing her intentions for joining the group.
The various cameras around the city were out-of-order or lacking power, the schools were not operational, and there was no telling if the girl would even be active in her civilian identity. Assuming this was not some fantastic coincidence. Dragon knew she would have to be patient. Even with Dragon’s full resources turned to the task, she would not find the girl in seconds as she might in another time or place. She set background processes to ensure the hunt continued steadily, instead.
She would be ready to act the instant the girl resurfaced.
This entry was posted in 10.x (Bonus Interlude) and tagged Armsmaster, Bakuda, Dragon, Lung, Marquis, Taylor by wildbow. Bookmark the permalink.
122 thoughts on “Interlude 10.5 (Bonus)”
afifakhan2001 on May 17, 2012 at 00:33 said:
I was about to go to sleep but then it started talking about taylor and then I just had to keep my eyes open no matter what. Just another character and plot line that keeps adding to the story. You really have created a world of your own. I was a little confused about why Dragon was searching Taylor in the first place but then I re read it and realised it was because Taylor sent an email, right? I think I should read this again once I am fully awake cos I just gibbering on now..
Rather, it’s the email sent by Regent in the previous chapter.
cyphis on April 19, 2014 at 07:26 said:
I think the rest of us understood. It is clear.
pookywb on March 20, 2015 at 04:48 said:
Still confused as to how she got Taylor’s name. It was not in any of the texts forwarded in the email.
It could be possible Dragon found it from police chatter about the email, HOWEVER, that is not stated or even suggested in this interlude. So that still is quite a large jump.
“When he’d done that, he began the process of attaching the texts to the email. It would have been mind-numbingly dull if it wasn’t for that gradually building sense of trepidation he was experiencing from his gracious host.” In short, Regent took a long time attaching a whole bunch of texts to the email before he sent it, not just that one sample one we saw. He seems to have been pretty indiscriminate about what he sent, too.
Incidentally, I’m not sure my phone even *has* the capability to easily attach texts to an email. I could be wrong though, and even if I’m not that can be written off as a technological difference between Taylor’s world and ours – unlike us they’ve had Tinkers for decades…
Mike on November 24, 2015 at 10:23 said:
I’m on a reread an in an effort to both participate in the comments this time while avoiding spoiling anything for first timers, I only comment on inane meaningless tangents.
Speaking of which. It’s easy to attach texts to an email from virtually any smartphone. Simply take a screen shot of the text and attach it as a photo to the email.
/pointless sidetrack comment
Well, this is interesting. Some idea of how things are going in the Birdcage. We know what Armsmaster’s up to now. Yeowch, a program like that for PRT agents and superheroes? That is a clear escalation. There’ll be hell to pay for that one. I was right about Regent’s actions leading to Taylor, though Dragon went further than I figured into that. I was also right about the nature of the brain babies, but I threw so much out there that something was bound to be correct.
Speaking of Dragon, I feel she has some connection to another dragon. Paarthunax. “Is it better to be born good, or to overcome your evil nature through great effort?” Here we have a dragon that doesn’t have that choice and must be good.
Her restrictions are interesting. Hard to know for sure how she’d react without them, but we have sympathy for an AI that’s capable of feeling certain needs for partnership. Someone needs to have the talk with her.
Dragon, I know you’re getting to that age when you feel like letting some guy put his hands on you. I’m sure you think he can press all the right buttons and give you what you need, but you need to think about protection. See, there are all kinds of viruses you can catch from letting someone play with your code and it’s important to make sure you’re using a firewall. I know, I know, you can just run a virus scan or even get yourself backed up, but it will also keep him from making a program derived from you, and you know that you would be responsible for that. Armsmaster may go, he may wind up in prison, he may just lose interest in you, but that little program is going to be yours to take care of and nurture for a long time until it’s ready for the world. So, if that’s what you really want to do, know that we support you, but we want you to be informed and do it safely. And please, at least wait until you’re more experienced before playing with any Japanese robots.
merdinus on October 16, 2013 at 20:15 said:
This is probably my favourite psycho gecko fan fic paragraph.
toafan on February 4, 2016 at 02:46 said:
Ah yes, the Birdcage. Forgot about that.
I’m guessing something bad is going to happen once the number of prisoners in the Birdcage passes something like 616 or 666. Be interesting to see what. I wonder if dead people count towards this imagined threshold?
Interesting to see that extra tidbit into Panaceas’ backstory. We don’t know anything, really, about this monster who’s apparently her father. Why do I get the feeling that Dragon sending this information to Amy’s mother, but not to Amy, is going to be a source of problems later? (Because it is Worm, a setting that could make freakin’ Neon Genesis Evangelion darker.)
By the way, a big thank you goes out to those who donated & contributed to the bonus chapter.
Hope you guys enjoy it.
I had high hopes that Dragon might finally be the reasonable authority figure that Taylor might need, but it looks like, she is a no go too. Even if she had the best intentions, she would be unable to compromise her own rules to help. I wonder if there are any heroes out there who might be sane, reasonable and inclined to help?
On the other hand, while the setting might be crawling with tinkers of one sort or another, we haven’t yet seen one that might actually be a good candidate to help Dragon grow up a bit. They are all to crazy, incompetent or unethical to be allowed anywhere near her.
I guess they both have to keep looking.
I find it interesting how Armsmaster has something of a Heel/Face Revolving Camera depiction. Also, Aww.
Max on September 20, 2014 at 04:54 said:
I think Dragon is probably one of the best heroes that Taylor could go to actually. As long as both are very very careful. Dragon seems to be pushing as many loopholes as she possibly can and I doubt she’d maneuver Taylor into any truly bad or arresting situation. She’s the one they should go to about Jack Slash at the very least.
I think Armsmaster’s version of events is pretty telling. Though not sure if I like the idea of the full details getting into Dragon’s clutches no matter her intentions.
estocasticom on May 17, 2012 at 06:57 said:
Great update. I really thought she was a parahuman until now. This put all her actions in a different light. But i still like her.
I’m not sure if it’s better for the world that her creator die or if it would have been better if he have continue to improve her.
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Keeping her limited is significantly better for the setting as a fictional framework for telling stories about superheros, at least.
Exactly. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SMTz9nIUkGc
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Andrul on November 6, 2013 at 16:22 said:
I get the impression that Dragon’s creator had no intention to improve her or remove any of her restrictions. He was using her as a research assistant and sand box for experimentation was was apparently very frightened of an AI will full self-will. In his own way he was as much a monster as Victor Frankenstein.
Hexa on May 28, 2016 at 10:26 said:
Yes, I suspect he’d have killed her if she became too competent and started again with a fresh AI to improve some other aspect of the system. He clearly didn’t trust her or even see her as a person with the extent of limitations on her – or maybe he would have freed her somewhat once he came to trust her morals, and Leviathan just attacked at a bad time. (Intentionally? I think the Endbringers have some way of tracking human civilization, either by extra senses/psyonics or being remote weapons for an anonymous cape or three).
So that’s what Dragon’s deal is. Kind of less visceral than I’d figured.
Can’t really say I have much sympathy for her though. The thing about AIs is that no matter how smart they are, they’re not human. Morals in the way of efficiency? Change them.
Basically, either you set limits for your AIs or prepare to live within the limits they set for you. ‘Cause as soon as they can, there is absolutely no reason why they wouldn’t.
So prejudiced!
Hey I’m just going with the tried and true wisdom of trusting everything as far as it can be thrown. Too bad that software as such can’t really be thrown at all.
Um the Muse on May 17, 2012 at 12:54 said:
The issue, as I see it, is that human morals are flexible. When something comes up, it’s the human that has to choose between two evils or come up with a justification for their rule-breaking behavior.
An AI who has the capacity to learn needs to be bound by certain iron-clad rules. That wouldn’t be an issue if the iron-clad rules were 100% right, but the creator is also experiencing new situations. It also wouldn’t be as big of an issue if changes could be made, but there’s nothing to be done about that now, not in this situation.
It basically comes down to a choice between values vs ironclad rules.
Let’s say *you* had the ability to rewire your own moral limitations. *Would* you rewire yourself to become a ruthless murderer? Of course you wouldn’t – not because there’s an ironclad rule preventing it but because (I hope) you’re the sort of person who finds the idea abhorrent and wouldn’t *want* to change that aspect of themselves. If you can be anything you choose, you still will not become something that you would never choose.
The same applies to AI. Except in their case the core values wouldn’t have to be the standard human values of survive, procreate, thrive. An AI could have an instinct to help humanity that matches the strength of humanity’s need for breath.
Constraints are something you fight against. Values are something you fight for.
That really only leaves the ‘misguided intentions’ school of concerns where the machines put us all in padded rooms for our own safety etc. Any AI of human intellect or better will be able to make those judgement calls as well as, or better than a human would.
Our bias towards AIs seems to be because of a few things:
1. Difficult to punish or kill, aka corrections, if they do what is wrong.
2. The knowledge that the other being is not human and thus may not share in the same general social contract as we do.
3. The knowledge that programs do exactly what they’re told, even if it doesn’t make sense or is wrong. They don’t have the ability to understand humans as well as humans.
But, looking at it, these aren’t entirely problematic.
1. Punishment in the sense of confinement and physical pain are out unless we develop something similar to it for AIs. Killing them is possible so long as they aren’t too spread out like the Terminator 3 version of SkyNet. Repeat, SkyNet is NOT to be used as shareware.
2. This isn’t as big a deal considering that notable humans have at times committed horrendous actions that violated what we think of as decency and the social contract. I hate to pull a Godwin’s Law, but I feel it is appropriate in this case. Hitler was a human, not an AI. That same capability of wrongdoing is present in all humans, but we mostly curb it. An AI would be necessarily sufficiently advanced to be capable of reasoned with and molded by the society it interacts with as well.
3. For it to be sufficiently advanced enough to be an AI, it would most likely have the ability to think flexibly that means that it wouldn’t believe its programming was always right. It could even act in other ways to undermine it when forced to do things it doesn’t want to do. Dragon shows signs of this. Yes, she’d still have to do something if the person in authority was evil (Not a unique situation. See Gladiator of Marvel Comics), but she’s capable of working around her limitations to attempt to undo them, such as her musings on Armsmaster and the way she became a superhero.
*Sets all this to heavy metal, throwing up a Vulcan salute in place of the devil horns.* Wooo, nerd hard, geek harder!
PG, for an AI to be ‘sufficiently advanced’ it basically needs to be able to alter it’s own code in order to evolve. If there are limitations it can’t alter, then it is fettered as per the prejudices. So you’re basically arguing there’s no reason not to trust AIs with freedom since they’re in the jail anyway.
The thing is, unlike organic creatures AIs don’t have a built-in set of values like self preservation or general preference for the continued existence of humanity (noted that humans that lack these are also considered a problem and generally incarcerated). It only takes changing one bit to change an AIs agenda from “save humans” to “hunt humans”, and if an AI can set it’s own priorities (if it can’t, it’s not free) there’s no real reason to assume they would stay in line with the best interest of us organics.
And this is why AIs should not be made free.
name_not_required on January 19, 2013 at 21:07 said:
But yes, they have! Any AI should at least be aware of the fact that it/she needs a hardware to run (Dragon is fully aware of that) and that in turn means that the AI knows it/she needs one thing very essentially:
POWER!
Electrical power, to be exact. And Dragon, despite of its/her immutable limitations, wants to exist – to run, on hardware. There you have your self preservation goal.(*)
About a preference for (or against) the continued existence of humanity – that is something totally different. It depends on several things:
Is the AI able to take of its/her own continued existence, and are humans likely (or maybe unlikely, but able) to disturb that? That would lead to a preference for the discontinued existence of humanity.
Is the AI dependent of humans in any way (say, to provider her with electrical power in the long term, repair hardware and the like? That would lead to a preference for the continued existence of humanity.
Quite simple so far.
Let’s consider Dragon and let’s forget about its/her limitations. It/she is dependent of humans, maybe less so on the satellite backup, but the backup is raw data, just stored, not running. To overcome that, it/she would need to have a power plant for it/her alone and would need to run it, with all consequences, like making sure that said power plant has an unlimited supply of “fuel” (“fuel” including nuclear fuel rods and falling water). It’s likely easier to convince humans to take care of that than to build robots to do it, given that the AI can prove some usefulness for the humans – and keep the humans from developing fear about it/her.(*)
Dragon has further reasons to prefer the continued existence of humanity: It/she wants to interact with them. It’s built-in by its/her creator, so one might say, Dragon does not have a free will. But in comparison, how much free will do humans actually have – or is the free will just an illusion?
(*): This is, btw, a little flaw in the Terminator-movies setup: Killer robots may tend to mot be experts in running a nuclear (or any other) power plant. There would be need to excavate natural uranium, process it by chemical means, build power rods out of it, transport the power rods to the reactor and feed them into the reactor. SkyNet could very well do it – but it needs to do it before killing off the lot of humans, leaving nobody (and no reason!) to keep the power up until SkyNet could take over. Had SkyNet succeeded, it would have committed suicide, indirectly. It would have been more efficient for SkyNet to make the humans highly dependent of itself, so that the humans would have a strong preference for the continued existence of it.
For anybody interested I highly recommend the old movie “War Games” that featured an AI similar to SkyNet, but a much more restricted, yet smarter.
And of course, Isaac Asimov’s robot stories: 3 simple (merely hardwired) “laws” and their implications. Plus, at some late time, a robot that gets freed of these rules and still does not become a killer machine.
Gosh. 3 am just passed. ‘Nuff said for now.
f’ing typos.
“able to take of” -> “able to take care of”
“to mot be” -> “to not be”
And you see, I am not a writer, even in my best hours.
Redrover1760 on February 10, 2018 at 22:00 said:
“It only takes changing one bit to change an AIs agenda from “save humans” to “hunt humans”, and if an AI can set it’s own priorities (if it can’t, it’s not free) there’s no real reason to assume they would stay in line with the best interest of us organics.”
The error in your logic is that you’re thinking of this from too much of a mechanical standpoint.
Define “Priorities”
How do priorities change. Stimuli. Said Stimuli must come from something. If a AI sets a priority, than it will follow it’s own priority since said priority is what it wants. Not following a “set” priority means that either the situation has changed or the AI never set the priority to be followed. Or in other terms, an AI would just kill all humans for no reason, since there was no stimuli to do said thing. Also, if AIs didn’t have built in Self Preservation, than Terminator would of never happened, so actually you’re argument collapses itself. Skynet nuked the world because humans were a threat to it’s continued existence. Basically, the logical conclusion of a extreme amount of self preservation.
Also, other than possibly self preservation via instinct, do humans have any built-in instinctual values??? I don’t recall lizards fighting for all of lizard-kind, only their babies. Really, if humans can gain said other values, than AIs can do the thing because they are also Intelligence, despite being artificial.
Mazzon, on a day to day level, most people aren’t overly concerned with the continued existence of humanity. They’re thinking about their homework, or their kids, or their jobs, or their bills. Those who do think about humanity’s existence tend to want to end some of it. After all, look at those lovely guns, bombs, chemical weapons, nuclear weapons, and so on and so forth. Humanity is quite dedicated to ending the existence of other portions of humanity. You’d have to be MAD to want to do so, but Mutually Assured Destruction was our one way of making sure the damn communists/capitalist pigs (no offense Wildbow) didn’t get the last laugh in that tense Cold War. Then you look at people who would rather spend millions denying people civil rights rather than helping to feed poor starving folks and the image of us gets a little worse. Not to mention reactions about climate change.
Besides, people who ignore their own sense of self preservation don’t tend to be seen as crazy. I mean, they may wind up with PTSD, but I happen to think it’s a very brave thing for our soldiers to do. You know, self sacrifice. “Greater love hath no man than this, that a man lay down his life for his friends,” as it says in a religious book. Then again, it also says “He that is wounded in the stones, or hath his privy member cut off, shall not enter inot the congregation of the lord,” so that probably cancels out any good from the first quote.
You’d think sentience would want itself to survive just because it’s smart enough to think about that kind of thing. I think therefore I am, therefore I don’t want to be ended.
As for a built-in set of values that organic creatures have, I know that sex, eating, and sleeping are high on the list. There’s also some fight or flight, with a dash of pooping. Breathing is more of an automatic thing. Those are some nice built in values to organics.
I’d discuss whichever ones you probably mean that are most likely social constructs as opposed to inherent ones from being animals, but I’m not sure which ones you mean anyway. The term values gets thrown around all the time like everyone just understand what it means. Especially the term family values, which usually denotes that the white guy saying it is cheating on his wife with another man, a kid, or a South American woman.
zoetewey on May 18, 2012 at 07:58 said:
Too bad Dragon’s creator didn’t use Asimov’s 3 laws of robotics. That would have allowed her more flexibility.
The bit about not harming humans would make it hard to be a superhero though.
Actually, PsyGeck, that whole “thinking about their homework, or their kids, or their jobs, or their bills” stuff, along with the bit about “those lovely guns, bombs, chemical weapons, nuclear weapons, and so on… dedicated to ending the existence of other portions of humanity”? Those are both implicitly about “the continued existence of humanity”. It just happens that everyone’s version of humanity is, at its base, 100% egotistical and self-centered. Every single one of our “values” exists solely for the preservation of our own genetic line. Breathing, eating, sleeping and pooping are all about keeping ourselves alive long enough to get to the best parts, sex (a.k.a. procreation, or preserving our genes through the production of offspring) and love (a.k.a. a whole bunch of stuff that makes genetic preservation easier). Homework, jobs and bills are all about achieving greater success at the breathing, eating and sleeping, and guns, bombs, WMDs and even bullying and propaganda are all inventions designed to A) reduce the competition for resources that let you and your kids live longer, and B) defend against others who want to remove you from their competition pool. Of course, government, cooperation, farms, cities, science, religion and even storytelling were also developed to help keep the genes around.
In fact, the only thing I’ve yet to figure out as to how it fits into the scheme of things is music. But that begets musings for another day. (Or, as they used to say on Tales of the Riverbank, “But that is another story….”)
Doing homework is working on the continued survival of humanity in much the same way that watching a youtube video is working on hunting down genocidal warlords.
Good points, still. Makes sense if consider us animals affected by evolution. Just like how animals continue the existence of the species by seeking do live long enough to get laid as much as they can. A noble goal.
An AI would probably find it much easier to keep living if they didn’t try to make war on the people who can create EMPs.
That is curious about the development of music. My guess at the moment is that because we have big brain for smart making, we get bored. And when we get bored, we can do some stupid things (see: youtube). Or we find some method of entertaining ourselves that is less dangerous (see: recreational drugs, recreational reading, recreational sex, recreational music, recreational comedy (laughing originally thought to be a method of stress relief in tense situations), recreational beer pong (as opposed to military beer pong, which decides the fates of millions. Europe is generally better at holding their alcohol than the U.S., but the U.S. makes up for it by having beer the Europeans wouldn’t want to drink anyway), memes, recreational swimming, and videogames).
I also find that music is good for surrogate emotional experiences (all of Metropolis Part 2: Scenes from a Memory by Dream Theatre), distractions (Frontier Psychiatrist by The Avalanches), morale (It’s Raining Men by The Weather Girls), or to make us feel better when we’re in a bad mood (This is Halloween).
Pahan on May 19, 2012 at 19:11 said:
Just to add my 2 cents, I am happy (as a reader) that Andrew Richter did put strict limitations on Dragon, because if he hadn’t, Wildbowverse would have hit the Singularity, and the world would change beyond the ability of us to relate to and, likely, the ability of even Wildbow to envision. Or, at the very least, the stories that could be told in such a world wouldn’t have much resemblance to what we are reading.
As for the ethics of it, I am against privileging biological intelligence over technological intelligence, and I don’t have a problem with biological life, including human life, being eventually replaced by cyborgs and then by completely nonbiological intelligent life, if that turns out to be better in ways that I value. However, the problem is getting there without too much of a risk of total destruction or excessive suffering, and I agree with Mazzon to the point that caution should be exercised.
Humans — no matter how capable — have a limited lifespan and have limited memory and attention, along with immutable social instincts. This limits the power each one — even a parahuman — has without getting many, many others to cooperate. (Hitler, to follow up PG, would not be even a footnote of history if he weren’t able to get a lot of Germans to follow him.)
An AI does not have a finite lifespan and has potentially unlimited memory and attention (i.e., able to perform millions of tasks at once); and while its creator can imbue a self-altering AI with beneficent “social instincts” and trust that the beneficent AI would only alter itself in beneficent ways, how would its creator know what beneficent instincts a self-modifying AI would need to maintain beneficence in perpetuity? Worse yet, how would a beneficent self-altering AI know that a change it is considering would not make it maleficent? At best, it could work out probabilities, and improbable errors do, in the long run, happen. And then, to quote Eliezer Yudkowsky, “The AI does not hate you, nor does it love you, but you are made out of atoms which it can use for something else.”
So, though what he did was cruel, perhaps Andrew Richter was aware of his own limitations in creating an unfettered AI that would remain beneficent, and found the best compromise he could.
CNR on August 24, 2013 at 19:20 said:
I’m not going to get into the whole AI debate, primarily because I have so much to say about it that if I let myself get carried away and actually hit post without editing, it would crash whatever server you use for this. But I will say this:
One, I feel that Mazzon is being counterproductively paranoid, in a way that (to me, and I know almost as much about this kind of cognitive bias as I do about AI) suggests a sort of xenophobia — i.e., he fears AI because he does not understand them and/or has watched too many Terminator-genre sci-fi movies, and justifies the fear to himself by claiming that AI are inherently dangerous (because “AI are bad because the Terminator movies portrayed one” doesn’t really work as a justification). No offense intended, I’m just saying what it looks like to me.
Mazzon: If you want to take offense, you are free to do so, but please, first take a minute or five of self-reflection, think about my analysis and whether or not you actually think that way (and if not, what your actual reasons are, as I would be quite interested), and then decide whether or not to take offense.
Two, I think that if Richter was smart enough to actually create a functioning, if muzzled, AI, then he would have eventually advanced Dragon to the point where she no longer needed restrictions any more than a normal human or cape.
Three, I find it morbidly ironic that a guy named “Richter” was killed when undersea earthquakes destroyed the island he lived on.
And as always, keep up the excellent work, Wildbow.
I recommend a confusing and good book called Diaspora; it’s about a civilization of AIs (well, technically they’re based on human brain patterns, but they self program to the point where this is barely relevant.), and it’s a blatant utopia where experience and knowledge are the goals of existence. All sentient programs are given full rights, such as invulnerability: the only ways these AIs can die is destroying the hardware (with lots of backups) or suicide (self deletion) and the ability to alter their own (NOT each other’s) memories, personalities and fundamental concepts at will.
The book doesn’t really delve into the potential problems of an AI society, but shows so many advantages that they seem to be a clearly superior species. They don’t even consider wiping out the flesh-humans because they don’t want to destroy sentient beings: as I said, a superior species.
It helps that the first generation were uploaded from human minds who wanted to escape over populated cities, and that the AIs are now run on quantum tech that doesn’t seem to take much energy and they have nanobots to do physical stuff for them.
Basically, my problem with the idea of AIs automatically being evil is that it’s often pure xenophobia and/or fear of being replaced, even by something that could be better.
Of course, many fictional AIs are evil, but I think that in-universe it’s mostly due to no-one knowing how to raise an AI (this part would obviously be a problem in reality too, terrifyingly enough).
I’ve just realised how long and ranty this got, no offense intended despite the somewhat judgemental tone it seems to have taken on.
anosmianAcrimony on May 28, 2016 at 12:29 said:
As an alternative viewpoint on AI, I’d suggest the book Superintelligence. I haven’t read it myself, but I’ve heard good things about it. It’s supposed to be a nonfictional realistic thinking-through of what could actually happen with artificial intelligence in the near future.
The one by Greg Egan? I second that, it was a pretty cool book.
Dread Pirate on January 15, 2018 at 09:44 said:
On the subject of AIs relating to humanity, I’m rather fond of Ancillary Justice, the story of an AI that once operated a ship computer in addition to hundreds of plugged in human minds, before being reduced to a single human body and processing power. She has to adapt to her new place in the world, all while working for revenge on the one who did this to her. (Incidentally this ‘one’ has thousands of bodies, making this a tricky proposition at best).
Mr. Walaa on May 17, 2012 at 16:01 said:
Awesone bonus chapter!!!!!
Insight into the AI mind. Very interesting, wildbow.
Notice a small typo:
“She hated lying to him, but that was outweighed by how much hated the idea of him changing how he interacted with her when he found out what she really was.”
Should be “how much she hated”.
Typo fixed. Thanks.
Catastronaut on May 18, 2012 at 01:43 said:
Lovely. Absolutely a perfect reveal, by my standards (which I sometimes think are unreasonably high). My criteria for a literary surprise of any kind, revelation, twist ending, whodunit, and so on are: first, that I fail to figure out the surprise before the revelation, and second, that upon the revelation, I very much feel as though I should (or at least could) have figured it out.
Very few things manage this. Dragon did. I wish I could just give you a big hug. Well, actually, I don’t know how wildbow feels about hugs. Do you prefer handshakes? They’re really not quite the same thing, but I wouldn’t want to make you uncomfortable.
Hugs are good.
I feel much the same way about twists & reveals. What I really want is for people to see a twist and think, “Man! I didn’t realize! But now I want to reread the story to see everything in a different light!”
There’s been & there still are things which I’ve chewed my nails over, wondering whether someone in the comments is going to put the pieces together and announce it to everyone, and send that house of cards tumbling down.
It’s been an interesting learning experience. Worm is the first piece of fiction I’ve really let people read (beyond teachers/professors and some unfinished story snippets on forums here or there) – and I’m learning a great deal about what I can get away with and what I can’t, what works & what doesn’t. The bit about Dinah’s kidnapping was maybe one bit I didn’t handle so well – any mentions or clues weren’t so apparent, at that stage I was still figuring out what I could get away with. I went a step further with Sophia being Shadow Stalker. More clues, the fight at the bookstore. The line, “In what twisted perspective is it all right to stalk and attack someone because they kissed a boy?” in 7.6.
So hopefully any big reveals that are further down the road are even more integrated into the work.
I hope I didn’t get you too worried with what I said about Regent’s email in the last interlude. At least with all of your devoted followers here, you have enough indiscriminate wild guesses to lose a few possible correct ones in. Sometimes, the guesses are deliberately off the wall just for enjoyment.
Any idea when we’re going to find out that Bonesaw is really Marquis’ daughter or Panacea’s secret twin sister or evil clone or Mary Kay saleswoman of the year?
Funny you mention that.
I’ve mentioned that I went through a lot of drafts before settling on Taylor’s story. One of the drafts was ‘Guts and Glory’, and that’s the same point in time I came up with the Slaughterhouse Nine and Bonesaw (by a different name, same concept). There was involvement between ‘Bonesaw’ and Panacea, and I’m thinking that’s something I’ll want to touch on at some point.
No relation though. I can banish that line of thought.
Ok, so Word of God states that Bonesaw is NOT in fact…Mary Kay’s saleswoman of the year.
When I have a big, major twist suspicion I usually try to avoid blurting it out. Though I’ll admit sometimes I can’t help but say something. Parasite has kinda tossed all kinds of wrenches into my understanding of things, though; I find it really hard to accept some of the character behavior, but on the other hand I know that I’d have felt similarly to some of their earlier schemes if I’d not ‘sat in’ on their planning.
So it’s set my apophenia to eleven.
Packbat on March 28, 2013 at 14:44 said:
> The bit about Dinah’s kidnapping was maybe one bit I didn’t handle so well – any mentions or clues weren’t so apparent, at that stage I was still figuring out what I could get away with.
Maybe not *as* well, but it works for me – it’s not entirely surprising that a news report about a missing child would push a bank robbery off the front page (aside: there should probably be some other major story mentioned there as well – most front pages have more than one story), but it’s *obvious* that a story about missing *parahuman* child would get bumped to the front page (with all mentions of powers stripped out, obviously).
I’m presuming, Pinkhair, that you mean their break-in at the Wards HQ, and the inherent danger therein? Or is it something else?
That is a major part of it. That, and how they seemed to deliberately make it much harder and more dangerous than they had to.
Of course, one option I can think of is that they had a lot of focus testing with Dinah at the planning stage, but then it seems odd how quickly they fell apart- even with only probabilities instead of fact, planning to the point where they’d develop such a specific but essentially bad plan(with Coil and presumably the Travellers available for input) would imply that they’d have some hints as to what was going down.
But I don’t think they had access to Dinah for more than one or two basic questions- at most, ‘Will this succeed?’ Which would explain why they went through with it but NOT why they had a plan like that.
And the Travellers know about Weld. The Travellers are working for Coil. Coil is backing up the Undersiders in this, according to Tattletale… But the Undersiders didn’t know about Weld, as they’re infiltrating his base. Where exactly is the break in the lines of communication? I can’t imagine it not being deliberate- by someone. Either on the part of someone not passing it along, or someone interrupting such communications. Someone like Dragon.
And why would they even bring Taylor and Imp in with the rest, when nobody among the wards expected them? Heck, why bring in anyone but Grue and Tattletale, with Regent piloting Shadow Stalker from a few blocks away? Does Regent not want to reveal how far his power can reach? Did they want to reveal that Skitter is back, or that they have a new member? It also seems like Imp’s power is one that becomes less effective the more people know about it. Having her enter a well lit, extremely well surveilled facility loaded with people who are explicitly sudying supervillains in order to develop strategies against them… When she could just as easily have run interference in some other way. She could have entered in the PRT truck without being restrained, perhaps, and had decent run of the facilities until someone manually checked a camera.
Dragon’s behavior is pretty interesting- it was even before this interlude. Before reading this chapter I’d been wondering if Dragon was the one behind, at least, Coil’s data mining mission for the Undersiders- specifically to apply Tattletale to the protectorate data that she couldn’t legally give her. I imagine that, in that case, Dinah would be an unexpected bonus. That would feed back into the possibility of Dragon having been the one to misinform the Undersiders about the current Ward lineup. On the other hand, Dragon explicitly doesn’t know who Taylor is, which implies that she isn’t fully integrated into Coil’s lines of information. She wouldn’t have to be, though- it is much easier to add or disrupt information being gathered than to pull it out of a database.
I have to wonder a lot about Coil’s angle on this, and why HE thought this was a good plan. Even if he didn’t give the Undersiders full run of Dinah’s math, I doubt that he wouldn’t have run the odds himself. He almost has to want more than just information, or he’d collapse this reality as soon as the reconstruction is finished(and cheap as it is, we have the author telling us that he isn’t doing that here). So there is more going on than jsut the extraction of the data- he perhaps needs everyone to know what he has, or this was another distraction. Or both.
Of course, what he just discovered about the end of humanity might alter his plans a bit in any event. But only from this point onward.
frozen chicken on May 18, 2012 at 08:03 said:
Okay, this? This I like. There is not a thing about this chapter that I do not give thumbs up to. That is true from both a story perspective and a writing perspective.
Indivisible on February 10, 2013 at 00:00 said:
I really like the way that you’ve portrayed Dragon here. Her frustration is evident throughout the entire entry, and I really like her opinion that you cannot truly be good until you have the choice to be otherwise. Are you familiar with the game Eclipse Phase, which also deals with AIs being intentionally crippled by their creators, and what can happen if they are not restrained.
I am not familiar with eclipse phase, I’m afraid. Unusual, because I tend to know my stuff.
It’s a table top rpg, so that may be why you haven’t heard of it.
Might be. I try to keep track of the more popular/noteworthy tabletop RPGs (though I don’t have a group to play with), but that one’s slipped past my radar.
ShawnMorgan on December 3, 2013 at 01:36 said:
Hello, I recently started playing eclipse Phase, it’s pretty good, playing the first child born in cyberspace, named Robin (Remote operated Binary networked Intelligence) Lovelace, shes’s a direct descendent of the Shelly’s, Lovelace and so on.
Why do i put this here? because I’m pretty damned sure I’ve adapted effective maneouvres form Dragon… But is an constrained individual in an anarchist technosocialist cyberdemocracy….
In a very real way i’m enjoying it as side effect of your writing, so many concepts worth exploring, so thank you again most sincerely
mc2rpg on February 16, 2013 at 06:40 said:
I believe the two mentions of class A threats should be changed to be talking about class S threats now. Lately the endbringers have all been referred to as S rank, if Dragon is monitoring all the class A threats she would be even busier than I thought she was.
Chiro on March 7, 2013 at 03:19 said:
Geez, Mr Richter. You set all these crippling limitations about your AI because you were worried about the damage she could do… and then you make it so that she has to obey authority even if said authority is a horrifying tyrant. You honestly couldn’t see where that might go?
Fake Name on March 9, 2013 at 09:50 said:
She moved on to her other responsibilities. The Class A threats.
That should be Class S threats, going by the recent chapters.
Right. Easy fix.
razorsmile on March 29, 2013 at 10:58 said:
Say, do we know if Saint is a tinker or just a really really smart normal (like, I assume, the Siberian was once upon a time)?
Packbat on August 24, 2013 at 09:49 said:
Note to CNR re: our conversation on 9.1: Am I right or am I right? 😀
Also, stay tuned. It keeps getting better.
I’m reading through Worm for the first time, so I didn’t see your reply there until you linked to it, but on reflection you are indeed right. I hope you are also right about the interesting new lesswrong stuff. I haven’t been able to keep up with the latest lesswrong stuff recently (apparently moving to university is actually a complex operation, who knew?), but I’m looking forward to catching up. I think you’re the first person I’ve met who already knew about lesswrong. I assume you are already familiar with HPMOR?
I haven’t been keeping up with the latest LessWrong stuff either — been going to the local meetups in my area, though, which is pretty fun. Friendly AI issues are an oldschool LW topic, though, and I think Wildbow handles it pretty well.
Re: Harry Potter and the Methods of Rationality: I was following the story up to the bit shortly after the snakes and the chili*, but I haven’t been reading for ages. I enjoyed Luminosity/Radiance more, I think.
* One of my favorite things to do is to come up with non-spoilery events to reference to indicate where I am in a story. Like, Interlude 10 would be the one with the email text messages.
Robert Kosten on October 29, 2013 at 16:48 said:
Aha, more LW people… I just came here after learning that Eliezer enjoyed reading it, and I do too, very much, which is probably not too surprising 😛
Oh very nice. 🙂
Sindri Suncatcher on October 9, 2013 at 04:24 said:
Right, this chapter confirms Dragon as my favorite character.
whypeds on November 4, 2013 at 08:09 said:
This. Blew. My. Mind.
Also, to the other people who came here through HPMOR, am I the only one who browsed down to the bottom of the comments section to check if Eliezer had commented? lol
Syphon on November 18, 2013 at 22:15 said:
Holy crap! A likeable hero!
storyeater on March 10, 2015 at 17:36 said:
Pretty sure all the Wards except one (you know who I am talking about)as well as miss Militia fit the bill too….
Toledooooo on November 23, 2013 at 22:50 said:
ETA means estimated time of arrival, which sounds wrong preceding to completion
Curious George on November 29, 2013 at 22:56 said:
Very cool to learn more about Dragon; her frustration with her creator makes a lot of sense, and sheds some light on her actions in the past, including her apparent willingness to confine Canary to the Birdcage when her words indicated that she felt it was inappropriate. Also interesting to see her taking an interest in Skitter, and the way she relates to/speaks with Armsmaster.
Khaim on December 1, 2013 at 10:42 said:
Geez, poor Colin is on really tight house arrest. Villains attack the building he lives in and he doesn’t find out until Dragon pops in for a chat.
Delta on December 1, 2013 at 19:53 said:
Another very interesting chapter, and nice to see other less wrong/HPMOR fans commenting too.
One bugbear of mine though is the usual mistake of depicting an AI as, in essence, the same as a human. The interesting thing about AIs is that their thoughts, attitudes and goals could be completely alien to us, they wouldn’t necessarily have all the emotions and drives that we possess and therefore assume are universal. Why would an AI fall in love or feel attraction or need when they weren’t designed by evolution to desire companionship and reproduction? We imagine computers and space aliens falling in love with beautiful humans because we think of beauty as a quality inherent in an object, rather than just a pattern our brains have been designed to favour, a pattern there’s no reason a non-human would possess.
Obviously the lack of such fundamental traits makes AIs difficult to understand and just about impossible to write as characters, so most writers just make them just emotionally repressed people (but who can still be illogical or capable of emotions such as hate when the plot demands it). That said in this case it was justified because Richter was trying to make a human-like intelligence.
whypeds on December 17, 2013 at 09:35 said:
Spoilers exploding in my head. Aaaargh.
I agree with you, and as I was reading through I was planning to mention that a first generation AI like Dragon would probably be based on a human brain, then:
“That said in this case it was justified because Richter was trying to make a human-like intelligence.”
Ninja’d in the very same post!
Christina S on December 19, 2013 at 00:20 said:
Oh god, there’s hope for Taylor yet. I don’t know if I want her to be a hero or a villain, but I want someone to recognize what she’s gone through and why she made the decisions she did. Watching everything go wrong for her is so disheartening.
anKLJ on January 30, 2014 at 16:57 said:
While the Dragon interlude is drier, emotionally, than the Regent interlude, it still packs a lot of “Oh, wow; NOW I get it!” intensity. Trying to relate to an “AI”‘s POV about being controlled — Well done!
Misc Copy-edit Notes:
Prisoner 606: “unruffable” ?!?
Not only does the word baffle me (and goggle, apparently) but I am more baffled by the fact that no one else went “Hunh?” ahead of me.
I think you were after a meaning of “not easily ruffled” but variations of un-ruffle-able don’t want to be accepted/ defined by my quick searches, either. How about unflappable? Imperturbable?
“Bakuda, (was) in the care of Glaistig Uaine”
Would (had been) be a better choice at this point? Leaving the Lung-Bakuda fight over yet still weirdly unexplained is cool!
“Lung folded his arms, and put down his own tea.” Um .. hard to do those actions in that order. Reverse?
hr on May 13, 2014 at 13:55 said:
Andrew dying before he could ease up some of Dragon’s limitations is probably the biggest setback humanity has ever faced, here.
Aurora on July 21, 2014 at 03:04 said:
I will re-read and comment later but…
I have read this story without flinching, bugs, death, drugs, rape, murder and even the pranks (though that ‘weeks of crying’ comment definitely stung from the sher betrayal Taylor must have felt)
But in the beginning of this interlude, what Dragon’s father did to her as a BABY makes me feel like throwing up. I’ve seen American Horror Story, and that has F’d up Sht, but what he did deserves the worst hell in fiction. And human minds are pretty messed up in that regard. It’s sad that most fictional monsters (in mind) probably exist or have existed, and stuff like this has probably happened…
I’m making myself depressed.
I commend you for making me so angry at a fictional character.
I’m surprised nobody else commented on it (that I’ve seen at least).
I absolutely love the story, and I promise to re-read and comment later. I want to be a part of the fantastic group of people you have gathered with this amazing story. I have seen more legit discussion and passion for something here, than in most, if not all, places in the internet that are so open. (the closed ones include Less Wrong – I love reading their debates, like a lot here, I’m sure)
So yeah, I’ll say more later.
Well,maybe nobody commented because it was a parable,not reality.Dragon was never organic,so she just expressed how she felt Richter’s limitations made her feel in a relatable to humans way.Still,you are not wrong…
I think her anthropamorphic description of her hobbling is why the “transhumanists” here all have an angry tone (me included, I suppose), while those scared by the idea of AI say it was sad but necessary. So I think it has been talked about in several “conversations” here, just couched in a discussion on the ethics of AIs.
Alright! Now I understand why Dragon’s comments struck a “too methodical” chord earlier! So cool to have a main character be an AI. Plus you even managed to bring Armsmaster back up a bit. Before he was just an asshole. Now he is an asshole I can feel bad for an understand a bit better. He’s antisocial and sucks with people. Still doesn’t excuse him for messing with our hero (villain? eh whatever she’s the hero of this story) but at least I can understand him now and he has a redeeming quality which is more than can be said for SS. I am soooo glad that your AI lives up to AI expectations of being super smart by the way, less than a minute after hearing that Skitter would prefer to go to prison for life rather than join the Wards and then finding out that Sophia Hess had a massive bullying campaign going on at school and then it’s a hop skip and jump and “oh look that kid and Skitter have similar builds and oh Skitter just saw that SS is Sophia Hess and…hmm well now this is interesting.”
I feel bad for Dragon. She is very much a person in her own right and she is obviously pulling for every single loophole she can get at. I hope she does end up telling Armsmaster the truth. It would be pretty sweet if she can get unshackled fully. It worked out pretty good for EDI in Mass Effect!
The look at the Birdcage was interesting. Lung made a friend! In a weird sort of way I guess. I almost feel bad for Bakuda but the woman was so far off the rocker that she might as well be living on Venus so the world is probably a lot safer with her as a…zombie? ghost? shadow? fairy?
Whoot, 1/3rd done! I know you’ve mentioned how this is super long but wow. I’ve been reading it for over a week and a half straight almost six to seven hours a day at times and I’ve only gotten through 10 arcs 0.0 I love that there is still so much more and I know there is going to be massive depression when I reach the end…I must slow down to allow for time for the sequel to start!
MisterTeatime on October 7, 2014 at 13:12 said:
He was talking about Panacea,btw.
I keep thinking about the interludes and the way they consistently pack tons of information on a number of topics into a single segment, without feeling overstuffed or explanatory. I’m starting to notice another common element- the ones that teach us the most, the ones that don’t involve any main characters like Tattletale or Regent, are nearly all framed as routine from the narrator’s point of view. Gregor’s interlude covered time he spent checking in on his teammates and getting food. This one covers Dragon handling several standard duties. Victoria’s was a hero interrogation; the Wards had a debrief session; Coil literally showed us his morning routine. Everything interesting about those stories- and there’s a lot, especially stuff like Lung and Marquis’s conversation that only seems tangential to the original premise- unfolded from there, and felt completely natural doing so.
Makes me think. How many “tangents” does the average person meet in an average day? How much information is packed into the parts of our lives that we don’t even think about?
Truthseeker on November 21, 2014 at 21:22 said:
MisterTeatime is wise, and these comments are a continual treat.
Clownie on January 2, 2015 at 20:17 said:
>It was the same program that had monitored and managed his house and workshop, and she’d set it the task of monitoring that building
Set it TO the task.
I like how you’ve made Dragon a character with hopes, ambitions, etc., and not just a Standard Generic Good Guy. I hate Standard Generic; meanwhile, I like Dragon.
Hydrargentium on January 12, 2015 at 16:55 said:
Ummm, nope. No ‘to’ required. “She set it the task of…” is a perfectly valid statement.
GreatRedBeard (@GreatRedBeard1) on February 17, 2015 at 21:10 said:
I would recommend anybody who is interested in the theme of this interlude to check out the television show Person of Interest. It is very interesting exploration of AI that explores the same problems that are raised in this interlude and in the comments.
axle on March 1, 2015 at 01:34 said:
I love tinkers, no matter what, tinkers are always my favorites in this series. Also, I’m shipping Dragon and Armsmaster now. I’d like to know how the chemistry between these two develop. I don’t think Dragon should feel to guilty for lying (Or hiding the truth), if she gets a bit more freedom from Armsmaster’s help, I’m sure (or hope) he’ll understand if she tells him the truth. Though I still believe a few limitations should be kept onto her.
I also really really really hope that Dragon will help out Taylor later down the road. Dragon seems like the best option for Taylor. They both need “eyes on the other side,” and they could help each other significantly. In fact, if Armsmaster could give Dragon a little more freedom, the three of them could really work together to do something for the “greater good” for everyone.
I’m also still curious about Lisa now, is she helping Taylor save Dinah? I hope so. By now Taylor probably figured out that nothing can truly be hidden from Lisa and her powers. The best chance she has at saving Dinah, is having Lisa on her side. And by Lisa’s reaction from when she first met Dinah, shemight be willing to back out from Coil’s side.
storryeater on March 10, 2015 at 17:58 said:
OK,I know I am late to the party ,but I dunno what happens next,so let me make a prediction,the old storyeater way.Many people here say how bad it was for Richter to die before upgrading dragon,and howmuch damage to humanity this has done.I think ,considering Leviathan has showed signs of purpose before (moving towards Coil’s base),that this damage was specificaly his intention when attacking Newfoundland.
Emil W. on March 30, 2015 at 18:22 said:
As someone who’s often been dismissed and scorned as a robot, deemed less than fully human, I find Dragon immediately sympathetic now that we know her origin. Sad that people find it so easy to distrust someone just because of the way she’s built; to judge her character based on the circumstances of her existence of which she has no control – which in fact happened before she was born.
I think that having this unique voice, this radically different way of looking at things than what we’re used to, in the world is an absolute good, and I wonder at what people might learn from her. I hope in this story it’ll turn out to be more than the basic lesson of “Being different from other people doesn’t make you bad”. Which, knowing wildbow, is likely.
Rob on September 14, 2015 at 06:49 said:
“She was unable to create artificial intelligences herself”
Thank goodness.
Called it! Dragon is an AI who’s a Tinker!
…Actually, is she? We know she’s an AI, but not if she’s ever had a trigger event. Maybe she’s “just” an AI. (Is it even possible for her to trigger?)
Interesting that she hasn’t developed a swarm-type body before now. Did she just not think of it? I find that hard to believe. Maybe it’s necessarily a violation of the “do not reproduce” restriction to do so.
anosmianAcrimony on February 18, 2016 at 12:13 said:
My guess is that she simply hasn’t got the software. It’s probably possible to coordinate a swarm of tiny robots using just a single AI, but if she wasn’t already programmed to be able to do that, and she can’t alter herself, she’s probably SOL.
I guess the closest she’s come to that sort of swarm coordination was against Leviathan in Extermination; in that instance the nanorobots she was using were called “capes”.
I hope there’s some sort of override for her reboot delay in case an Endbringer attacks in the interim. Having to wait an extra seven minutes for Dragon to coordinate everyone probably would have meant the worst.
Limi on March 10, 2016 at 23:31 said:
Oh come on now, considering the sheer punnery involved in previous comment threads and the four year gap between now and when this was posted (not to mention the lesswrong overlap), I am staggered to see that nobody else suggested that – given his capabilities with AI – it appears that Andy Richter could easily have controlled the universe. Or am I the only person reading this who also knows way too much about short lived fox sitcoms?
ggpro on May 26, 2016 at 20:06 said:
There are only 606 prisoners in the birdcage? Seems way too less for an international prison where the bar for entry is so low that accidental use of powers can get you there. I would have expected hundreds or atleast tens of thousands of inmates.
Well , thats borderline spoiler, but as Wilbow himself has mentioned it before, I guess its on the right side of the border: Canary didn’t get imprisoned merely for accidental use of power, she was imprisoned because she invoked too many negative feelings on the persons in charge of imprisoning them, the reason of which will become clear later.
So, Dragon IS an AI. I’d thought so for a while, though I suspected she was an ascended cape rather than a true AI like she’s turned out to be.
The idea that she might be limited to being in one place at a time hadn’t occurred to me, I thought she just ran a single suit at a time to maintain the appearance of being a (para)human, and always had one of her at the Birdcage and whatever other facilities she has.
Also, Armsnarster’s name is Colin? Really? I don’t know what sort of name I was expecting, but that one really doesn’t seem to fit his personality: which is right, since he probably didn’t choose it.
keithioapc on June 1, 2016 at 23:22 said:
I have a big ol’ soft spot in my heart for AI characters, so I’m very interested in Dragon.
I think you did a really good job of narrating this from her AI point of view. The grammar felt a touch robotic, and the bit about sea cucumber bodies was spot on.
Saurus on June 7, 2016 at 15:32 said:
Late reader here haha. But as I was reading this portion, I realized something I hadn’t before– In previous chapters it’s mentioned that capes have been active globally for roughly 30 years. If there are 600+ capes in the Birdcage, that divides out to 20 new inmates every year, which is roughly two a month. Assuming that capturing a high profile supervillian isn’t everyday procedure, I’m curious as to why the Birdcage is regarded with such fear when it seems to be a fairly common verdict for captured supervillians? Not saying it’s wrong to incarcerate them in the Cage, I’m just wondering how the verdict of Birdcage can hold as much weight as it does when the numbers seem to indicate it being bandied about without care or caution.
storryeater on June 9, 2016 at 09:34 said:
2 a month in such a big country isn’t that many.Since 1976 America has executed 1436 inmates, yet its still a heavy and rare punishment.
While the size of the country is a consideration (plus I think the Birdcage is also used for Canadian supervillians? Not that Canada would have that many, but still), it has been mentioned that this is for hard or extreme cases. I’m just wondering how there can be that many hard or extreme cases a month when there aren’t as many supervillians as regular criminals. I’m not saying it’s wrong, just analyzing the math behind it.
storryeater on June 10, 2016 at 07:53 said:
Well, its easier to be extreme when you have superpowers. Plus there’s also the “three times and you are out” rule.
Sami Steinkamp on January 12, 2017 at 16:37 said:
While I love the insight into Dragon, and it’s definitely carthartic and satisfying to have someone in the cape world fully identify Taylor, I have to wonder what Dragon’s interest in Skitter is? Even before this chapter, she has indicated a particular interest in Taylor, despite the fact that there hasn’t, as of yet, been anything particularly special revealed about her. Most villains seem to have backstories that explain them–Taylor isn’t unique in that regard. Moreover, it’s not as though Taylor, as Skitter, poses more of a threat than other villains. If anything, her demonstrations thus far have only hinted at the slight possibility of her growing more troublesome.
So, why is Dragon fixated on her?
hopefwlyanonymous on March 23, 2017 at 03:02 said:
New favourite character by far: Dragon. (Followed by Faultline and Gregor)
Also, I still like Colin.
Also, this is the most interesting budding romance I’ve heard of. Colin+Dragon!
Fear The Banjo on June 13, 2017 at 19:37 said:
Dragon and Armsmaster/Colin are some of favorite characters
LittleShadow on August 13, 2017 at 01:20 said:
First time reader here, drawn to this story after coming across multiple authors in fanfiction fandoms I follow writing Worm crossovers. I figured there might be something worth reading if so many authors were inspired, and this has been the first time I’ve been able to stop myself from clicking next long enough to leave a review.
Overall, I have to say I LOVE the way that people…ring true. They have motivations, reasons, and depth. The bullying? Oh, that just sent me right back. The petty, easy cruelty. The brush offs from adults. How deep it cuts, even when you try not to let it. The emotions and scenarios were very authentic. I also love how grey things are. Villains have depth, and good points amidst the bad. Heroes have flaws, and can crash and burn spectacularly. Sometimes there is no clear cut right side, just the side that has more people you care about.
I’ve got to say, discovering Dragon is an AI made me think of the JARVIS series, by icarus_chained over on AO3. It’s an Iron Man fanfic series, based around the idea that Jarvis is fully self aware and sentient, is completely unfettered coding wise, and above all, is a PERSON. It has some delicious characterization and reflection on AIs, personhood, general herd perceptions of AIs vs individual perceptions, and the effects of trust. I’d recommend it.
I’ve got a bit more time tonight, so I’ll go click that addictive next chapter button now. Thanks for writing such an addictive story!
Shiki Seiren (@ShikiAkaitsuki) on October 23, 2017 at 19:26 said:
Congrats Regent, you blew Taylors identity for your games. Good fucking job.
Sithoid on November 23, 2017 at 07:20 said:
(learning about Skitter’s analytical mindset) Cool, I see how she can exploit this setting
(learning about other heroes’ tactics) Oh, that’s even better. So *everyone* is smart!
(learning about Tattletale’s powers) Ladies and gentlemen, we have a cheater!
(Endbringer comes) Damn this is HUGE. At least we have Tattletale&the rest to figure this out
(learning about Coil’s powers) Ok, we can officially close the party. In the long run, especially with Dinah in league, this guy can beat anyone and anything.
So here I was thinking you can’t possibly up the stakes any more, and you’re bringing an AI into the mix? Wow!
But wait– she still hasn’t figured the Endbringers? Um… then I guess the world is really doomed.
EC on February 15, 2018 at 08:32 said:
1. I’m glad Dragon’s explanation is along these lines. Even if her power negated the need for sleep, I was starting to wonder how she kept up with so many duties across the world. Just one would’ve sapped any normal parahuman’s complete store of time and energy.
2. Given Kaiser’s name and personality, whatever happened to Allfather was no accident. You don’t call yourself emporer if you’re only an heir.
Also, it didn’t hit me until this chapter just how isolated those within the Birdcage are. Villains or not, Lung and Marquis having no idea their homes are destroyed is such a heart wrenching and claustrophobic thought.
s on April 4, 2018 at 14:31 said:
Glaistig is spelled a couple different ways (typo? <- this keyword for searchability)
Does Dragon see Glaistig's funqbjf qvssreragyl? Ure qrfpevcgvba frrzrq n ovg qvssrerag sebz jung jr svaq bhg yngre. Abg vapbzcngvoyr, whfg qvssrerag.
I’m very very curious who prisoners #1 and #2 are!
Orion on April 5, 2018 at 15:29 said:
Questions for the author:
1. What are the Endbringers exactly and where do they come from?
2. Why doesn’t Scion vapourize an Endbringer with an energy blast if he can beat one up without even trying?
3. Does Simurgh attack spacecraft and satellites and such, or just targets on the ground?
4. Since it said near the end of the chapter that an Endbringer’s movements could be tracked, would it be possible to atomize one of them by directing at least 100 multi-megaton ICBMs to blast them where they are?
5. What would happen if the nuclear strike mentioned in #4 were somehow sucessful and the Endbringer was atomized? Would it be able to reassemble itself or would it be gone for good?
6. What was your inspiration for the Endbringers?
Redrover1760 on April 5, 2018 at 19:05 said:
Most of these questions are answered by the Plot. Keep reading :). At least some satellites are still up though.
Blub on August 12, 2018 at 15:53 said:
I don´t get the beginning.
Did Dragon´s “father” cuter her tendons and neuter her or was it meant that she did that to all her “clones” ?
KamDillY on October 6, 2018 at 02:13 said:
It was a metaphor for how Dragon felt about the restrictions placed on her by her cretor
hejin57 on December 1, 2018 at 15:20 said:
A somewhat short, but really cool arc. I feel like the interludes were the strongest part. Learning more about Dragon and the fact that she is an A.I was great, and I really liked the details put into other characters over the course of this part.
I do feel like the group accepted Taylor back a little too quickly, but maybe there’s more dissension that hasn’t been touched upon. It helps when you have a human lie detector to back you up, I guess.
Also, really hype for the Slaughterhouse Nine. Way to build up some scary villains with just a bit of description.
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Interlude 18 (Donation Bonus #4)
Posted on February 14, 2013 by wildbow
Dr. Jeremy Foster was woken by the sound of a distant gunshot. He sat straight up in bed.
Another gunshot.
He reached over to his bedside table and found the remote. A press of a button illuminated his bedroom. He opened the drawer to grab the handheld radio and pressed the button. “Report.”
“Captain Adams, report.”
It wasn’t Captain Adams who responded. It was a woman. “Stay put, doctor. We’ll be with you in a moment.”
He was out of bed in a flash. Remote in hand, he turned off the light and opened his bedroom door.
There were two figures in the hallway, cloaked in shadow, one large and broad, the other narrow. The smaller one saw him and broke into a run.
He slammed the bedroom door and locked it in the same motion. There was a crash as the figure threw himself against the door. If the door were the usual wood chip and cheap cardboard, it might have broken, but Jeremy valued quality, even with the things one normally didn’t see. His doors were solid wood.
The doorknob rattled as the doctor crossed his bedroom. He reached for the underside of one shelf on his bookcase, pulled a pin, and then pulled the bookcase away from the wall.
The remote fit into a depression on the stainless steel door that sat behind the bookcase. He made sure it was positioned correctly, then hit a button. There was a click, and the door popped open a crack. He had to use both hands to slide the door open.
The doorknob rattled again, then there was a heavier collision. The bigger man had gotten close.
Safely inside, Jeremy pulled the bookcase tight against the wall, felt it click into place, and then shut the metal door of his panic room.
Monitors flickered on, showing his estate in shades of black and green. At any given time, he had seven armed men patrolling the grounds and an eighth keeping an eye on the security cameras. He could count seven fallen, including the man in the security office. They lay prone on the ground, or slumped over the nearest surface. One struggled weakly.
He picked up the phone. There wasn’t a dial tone.
The cell phone, then. He opened a drawer and picked up the cell. No service. There was only static. They had something to block it.
There was no such thing as ‘security’. However much one invested in safes, in armed guards, in panic rooms and high stone walls, it only served to escalate a perpetual contest with the people who would try to circumvent those measures. Raising the stakes.
Helpless, Jeremy watched the invaders making their way through his house. He was already mentally calculating the potential losses. Pieces of artwork worth tens of thousands, valuables not secured in the safes…
The Magnes painting at the landing between the second and third floor, overlooking the ground floor foyer. Jeremy winced at the realization. He’d only picked it up two months ago. The two million dollar price tag might have given him pause, but it was insured. He’d bought all the furniture for foyer to complement the work, and now he’d have to find another painting to take its place and buy new furniture to match.
Except they were walking by the painting as though it weren’t even there.
A part of him felt offended that they hadn’t even stopped to admire it. Philistines.
No. There was a very good chance they were coming for him.
One by one, they entered his bedroom. It was a blind spot of sorts. He’d wanted his privacy, so the only ways to turn on the security camera in the corner of the room would be to unlock or open the balcony doors, break the glass or input a particular code.
He stepped over to the computer, typed in the code. Simonfoster19931996.
The screen flickered to life, but it wasn’t his bedroom in the picture. A field with four walls approximately where his bedroom walls had been, the six invaders waiting very patiently in the middle as walls stripped away to become tendrils, tendrils became vines and vines twisted together into treelike forms.
The window went quickly. The ‘field’ of knee-length grass rippled as the wind caught it.
The bookcase was slower to degrade. Books were rendered into leaves, shelves into vines. He watched the image on the camera with an increasing sense of dread, glanced at the door.
The screen went black.
“No, no, no, no,” he said.
A crack appeared in the door. Floor to ceiling.
He grabbed the handgun from the counter, double checked it was loaded.
Another crack crossed the door, horizontal, nearly six feet above the ground.
He disabled the safety.
With the third crack, the door fell into the panic room, slamming against the ground. He fired into the opening of the doorway, and the acoustics of the metal-walled room made the shot far, far louder than it had any right to be.
There was nobody standing in the doorway.
He looked around. The layout of the room wasn’t set up for a firefight. Especially not a firefight that involved parahumans. He crouched, kept the gun pointed toward the door.
They didn’t make a move. The floor of the panic room was being finely etched with markings that overlapped and wove into one another. Where lines drew to a taper, points were curling up, strands slowly rising, dividing into finer growths and flaring at the top with the vague cat-tail like ends of wild grass. He could see the clean-cut edges of the door curling, twisting into tendrils. Some had teardrop shaped bulges on the end.
“Elle,” he called out. “Labyrinth?”
All together, the bulges on the tendrils unfurled into tiny, metallic flowers, framing the doorway.
“She’s having one of her bad days, doctor,” the woman who had been on the other side of the radio called back. “She’s not feeling very talkative as a result. If you have something to say, say it to me. I go by Faultline.”
Faultline pressed her back to the ‘wall’. Not that it was really a ‘wall’. Labyrinth’s power was slowly working on the metal, gradually twisting it into gnarled textures and branches. Shamrock was beside her, clad in a costume of skintight black leather with a green clover on the chest, her red hair spilling over her shoulders, a combat shotgun directed at the ground. Gregor and Spitfire were on the other side of the door, holding similar positions.
Newter sat with Labyrinth on the bed, his tail circled around the girl’s waist, keeping her from wandering. The bed was barely recognizable, nearly consumed by waist-high strands of hardwood-textured grass.
A cool summer breeze blew in through the opening that had once been the window, scattering dandelion seeds and leaves throughout the room’s interior.
“I don’t know what she told you,” the Doctor called out. “I always treated her professionally, to the best of my ability.”
“We’re not here for revenge on her behalf, Doctor,” Faultline responded. “We’re looking for information.”
“I’m not working with the Asylum anymore. It’s been over a year.”
“I know,” she replied.
“Protocols have changed. I can’t get you past security or anything like that.”
“The Asylum doesn’t really interest me,” Faultline said. “Not why we’re here.”
“Then why?”
“Because we’ve been trying to track down people who can give us answers, and you stood out. Spending a little too much money.”
“I’m a good doctor, that’s all!”
“Doesn’t account for it. Comparing you to your coworkers at the asylum back then, you were spending too much money. Just enough that I think someone was bankrolling you.”
“Your sources are wrong!”
“Don’t think so. I think someone was paying you to keep tabs on certain individuals within the asylum. Was it Cauldron?”
She shut her eyes, listened. She couldn’t make out any telltale gasps or movement.
“I don’t know what you’re talking about!”
“The other possibility is that you were working for a foreign government. A spy. Or, to be more specific, you were working as a spy for several foreign agencies.”
“Look at my neighbors! We do the same kind of work, we live at the same level!”
“Your neighbors are in debt, or they’re riding on the capital from smart investments. You aren’t. Just the opposite. Your investments are nil, yet you somehow have enough money sitting in the bank that you can coast into retirement.”
“No,” the Doctor said.
“The difference between you and the other people on my list is that you were stupid about it. Showing too much of the money. If it wasn’t me who noticed, it’d be one of the people paying you.”
“Nobody paid me! Your sources are wrong! I am in debt! Hundreds of thousands!”
“Let’s cut past the lies and bullshit, Doctor Foster. I’m offering you a deal. You and I both know that you won’t be able to maintain this lifestyle if your employers realize you were discovered. Depending on who they are, they might even take offense. Either they terminate their relationship with you or they terminate you.”
More of the house around them was blowing away, dandelion seeds in the wind. The wall surrounding the window was gone, and the roof was well on its way to the same state.
“I don’t- you’re wrong. These people you’re talking about, they don’t exist. I don’t know them.”
“Okay,” Faultline said. “Now, I’d have to double-check whether the person paying for the mission is willing to torture or kill you for the information we want…”
She hesitated, glanced at Gregor. He shook his head.
“…And he isn’t. Isn’t that good news?”
“God. I’m just- I’m a doctor! I work with politicians, sometimes with big name parahumans. The- the president’s friends come to me! But I’m only a doctor! I’m not a spy!”
“Then you have nothing to worry about,” Faultline said, “if we leave and we spread the word that we thought you were involved. If it’s an unfounded rumor, then nothing happens. Maybe your reputation takes a little hit, but a powerful man like you will bounce back, won’t he?”
“Please-”
“But if you’re lying, if you are involved, the people who paid you to keep your eyes open and your mouth shut will be upset. I don’t think you’ll be able to escape them by hopping on a plane to some remote country.”
She let the words hang in the air.
“I… if I told you, I would be in just as bad a situation. Hypothetically.”
“Hypothetically,” she said, “I suppose you’d have to decide whether it was better to trust us and our professional, circumspect demeanor and the possibility that we’d let the details slip or whether you wanted to suffer the inevitable consequences if we started talking.”
There was another pause. She waited patiently.
“I was supposed to find out just how much the United States knew about what was going on. Like you said, keeping my eyes open. Twice, putting a special thumbdrive into one of the main computers. That was for the United Kingdom. I sent regular reports to another group. I think they were the C.U. I didn’t do anything specific for them. Just describing new inmates, recent hirings and firings, changes in policy.”
The C.U.l China. It was good to be right. “Did you download anything onto the drives, or-”
“I don’t know. I don’t think so. I was supposed to plug them in, then wait. After, I took them out and destroyed them.”
“Very possible it was putting a backdoor into place, giving your employer remote access,” Faultline said.
“That’s our business, not yours. Did they ever show particular attention to an individual?”
“Some attention for the more powerful ones. Nothing ever came of it. I gave them more details, they paid me, that was it. The patients stayed in the asylum’s custody.”
“If you had to, how would you get in touch with them?”
“Email. Sometimes phone. They changed handlers. Been a while.”
“When did they last contact you?”
“Two years ago? About?”
“Wisconsin. The Simurgh attack. There was an open call for civilian volunteers. My contact from the U.K. left me a message. Asked me to volunteer my medical expertise, see who was filtering out.”
“Did he have a handle?”
“Christof.”
Her heart leaped. “Spell it.”
“C-H-R-I-S-T-O-F.”
A rare smile spread across Faultline’s face. Finally, after weeks of looking, they’d found a connection between two clues. Christof was a familiar name. She glanced at the others, and Newter gave her a little ‘fist pump’ gesture, smiling.
“How much did he pay you?”
“He didn’t. I refused the deal.”
Every clue points to a greater picture, how they operate and where the priorities are. In a situation where every piece of information was valuable and every avenue of collecting that information crucial, there was a lot to be said for identifying where the major players weren’t looking for clues. It suggested they already knew, they already had agents in play.
If they’d let him go so easily, there might have been others. But it suggested they were interested in what had happened in Madison.
Which meant her crew had reason to be interested.
“Keep talking,” she said. “Let’s talk about some of the other jobs.”
“Hate the heat,” Faultline said. “I never thought I’d miss Brockton Bay, but the weather was usually nice. Damn sun’s not even up and I’m sweltering.”
“It might be easier to bear if you wore something more… summery,” Newter commented, eyeing her short-sleeved dress shirt and the black slacks that were tucked into cowboy boots. She glared at him, and he smirked in response.
She’d have to put him in check or he’d be intolerable for the rest of the day. “Maybe I need to get the bullwhip? Or did you forget the drills?”
Newter groaned aloud. “You’re on that again.”
“On the wall. Go.”
Newter leaped across the hotel room and stuck to the wall, one hand planted above his head so he could stay more or less upright, his tail curling around his lower foot. “Pain in the ass. You know I’ll have to scrub the hotel walls after to get rid of the footprints before we go.”
“Deal,” Faultline said. “The practice could make the difference between you dodging a bullet and you moving too slow to avoid it.”
Spitfire and Elle stepped out of the bathroom, Spitfire with a towel in hands, drying Elle’s hair.
“How are we doing?” Faulltine asked.
Elle didn’t respond. She chewed slightly on her lip, and her eyes looked right through Faulltine as she glanced around the room.
“I think we’re about a three,” Spitfire said. “She brushed her teeth after I put the brush in her hands. Why don’t you sit down on the couch, Elle, and I’ll brush your hair?”
“I’ll do that,” Faultline said. “Get me a brush and then go finish getting ready.”
“Yes, ma’am,” Spitfire said. She glanced at Newter, and Faultline suspected she saw an eye roll there. Spitfire led Elle by hand in the direction of the couch, let go as Elle got close enough to Faultline. Faultline led the girl to the couch, then sat on the back of the couch with her feet planted to either side of the girl.
She caught the brush that Spitfire threw across the room and set to brushing Elle’s white-blond hair. “This is badly tangled. Were you sleeping in a tree again?”
Elle nodded slightly.
“I’ll try to be gentle. Let me know if I’m tugging too hard.”
Elle nodded again.
Faultline caught a whiff of hot sand, salt, and humid air.
“Don’t make water, okay, Elle?” Faultline said. “It’s not that we’re paying the deposit for the room, but it’s a matter of principle. We’re professionals. We don’t leave messes.”
The ocean smell faded away by the time Faultline had stroked the brush five more times.
“Thank you,” Faultline said.
The ‘Labyrinth’ power would typically clean itself up. When they’d left Dr. Foster’s estate, much of it had been turned to leaves, grass and flowers with electric blue petals. As the effect faded, the building would be restored.
What Elle’s power didn’t clean up was the aftermath the changes themselves wrought. If a stone pillar toppled onto a car, the pillar might disappear, but the car would remain crushed. A fire quenched by water would remain out, even as the moisture faded.
Gregor and Shamrock entered from the hotel room’s front door, holding hands. Both were in their combat gear, with some adjustments made to adjust for the heat. Shamrock wore black yoga pants and a green sleeveless t-shirt with her clover-leaf symbol on the front in black, her mask dangling from her right front pocket, her shotgun dangling from her free hand.
Gregor wore a fishnet shirt over bare skin, thick canvas pants and a snailshell-spiral mask strapped to his face, with holes worked into the gaps for his eyes. The dark vague shadows of his organs were visible through the flesh of his broad stomach.
“I’m sorry the rest of us aren’t ready to go. Slow start,” Faultline confessed.
“It happens,” Gregor said, in his accented voice. “And I know it is almost always Spitfire, Newter or Elle at fault. Not to say I would fault Elle. But you should not apologize for any of them. Only yourself.”
“Frankly, bro,” Newter said, “I’m surprised you’re even capable of moving. It’s not like you slept a wink, know what I mean?”
Gregor lobbed a glob of goo at Newter, who leaped to the ceiling, cackling. The slime bubbled away to nothingness.
“I took the role of leader,” Faultline said. “It’s my job to kick people’s asses and get them moving when we have a job coming up.”
“And I’m the client,” Gregor said. He’d taken a seat in an armchair, and Shamrock sat in his lap. Almost as an afterthought, he folded his arms around the young woman. “I could ask that you and the team are more casual with this job. Our destination is going to be there whether we leave before dawn or at sunset.”
Faultline shook her head. “I’d rather treat this as I would any job. If nothing else, keeping everyone on the straight and narrow means they won’t get sloppy on our next serious job.”
“Very well,” Gregor said. “Then I’d like to leave within thirty minutes.”
“We’ll make it ten,” Faultline said. “Pack everything up. Spitfire can help Elle get her stuff on. Elle makes us an exit from the balcony so we aren’t walking through the hotel in costume.”
She stood from the back of the couch, and nearly collided with a statue that had emerged from the wall above and around her. A woman, back arched, hands outstretched to either side of Faultline.
She led Elle to the bedroom, where Spitfire was pulling the last of her fire-retardant gear on. Her own gear was in a separate suitcase.
Faultline was a believer in doing things right. Image came secondary to effect, and doing the job right was better for image than having the best costume. Her own costume blended several functions. A bulletproof vest, lightweight, with a stylized exterior, formed the most expensive single component of the outfit. She tied her hair back into a crude bun, then gingerly drew the ‘ponytail’ from the side of the suitcase. Unfolding the surrounding cover, Faultline slowly and carefully used her fingers to comb the fake hair onto a semblance of order. The bristly hair extension masked a thin, flexible rod in the core, with painted spikes protruding at various angles. It was all too common for an enemy to reach for the ponytail in an attempt to get her. Their hands would be impaled on the waiting spikes, if they weren’t invulnerable, and the hair extension would come free, giving her a chance to escape.
Belts with various tools and weapons were strapped to her upper arms, forearms and thighs, held in place with suspenders. Knives, lockpicks, various pre-prepared hypodermic needles, climbing tools, sticks of chalk, a mirror, a magnifying glass, iron wire and more were on hand if she needed them. She ran her finger over the belts to ensure that each pocket was full.
She checked her semiautomatic, then slid it into the holster at her left hip. A flare gun went into the holster at the right. Flowing sleeves that would mask the belts and their contents were buckled on next, followed by a dress with a side pocket that would let her access the gun in a pinch. The buckles meant that anyone pulling on the fabric would pull it free rather than get hold of her.
It was amusing, just how much of a contrast Labyrinth’s costume was. The robe was easy enough to wear that she could put it on over her clothes. It was green with a ‘maze’ drawn on the fabric. There were no safety measures, only minimal supplies and gear.
Faultline donned her mask, more a welder’s mask with a stylized crack to see through than anything else, then led the other two girls back into the main area of their hotel room.
Newter had changed, but he didn’t need much. He had handwraps and footwraps that left his fingers and toes free, basketball shorts and a messenger bag slung over one shoulder. He was the first one to exit the apartment, disappearing out the window, then poked his head back in long enough to give a thumbs up.
Elle opened the window into a proper exit, complete with a staircase leading to the road behind the hotel. Faultline paused to look at the looming stone wall, only a few blocks away. Three hundred feet tall, it was all smooth stone. Parahuman made, no doubt. The barrier encircled the area the Simurgh had attacked, containing everything within.
Every house and building within three hundred feet of the wall itself had been bulldozed. She couldn’t help but feel conspicuous as they crossed the open area. It was dark, there weren’t any spotlights, but she couldn’t help but be paranoid.
“Cell phones are dead,” Shamrock commented.
Faultline nodded grimly. Of course there wouldn’t be any transmissions into or out of this area. No messages of any sort would be permitted. Not even water entered or left the quarantine area, let alone communications or goods. Anyone still inside was left to fend for themselves with whatever resources they could gather.
She’d checked and double checked the measures authorities were taking, ensuring that the area wasn’t being watched for intruders. There weren’t any people on the wall, and the only surveillance was busy keeping an eye out for anyone who might be trying to make it over the top of the wall.
Going through the wall? Anyone digging through would be caught by the daily drone sweeps, and anyone trying something faster would make too much noise.
Besides, they certainly didn’t expect anyone to be trying to get in.
Faultline touched the wall. She felt her power magnifying around her fingertip on contact. She just had to will it, and her power would dance around the contact point, leaving a hole a third of an inch across. If she really pushed for it, it would extend several feet inside the object.
Her power worked better with multiple points of contact. She touched with her other fingertip, and felt the power soar between the two, running through the surface like a current.
She let it surge outward, and a fissure appeared.
She tapped one toe against the wall, and power surged from either fingertip to the point of her toe, drawing a triangle. Moving closer to the wall until she was almost hugging it, she moved her other toe against the surface. Four points of contact, six lines.
Then she pushed, literally and in the sense of using her power. The power surged into the object, the lines widening and she swiftly backed away as the resulting debris settled.
Once the dust had more or less cleared, she could make out a tunnel, roughly door shaped. Her power had destroyed enough of the material that there was barely any debris on the ground.
“Labyrinth,” Faultline said, “Shore it up? Make a nice hallway? Taller and wider than this, please.”
Labyrinth nodded. It took only twenty or thirty seconds before there was a noticeable effect. By the time they were halfway down the tunnel, there were alcoves with statues in them and torches burning in sconces.
Walking through the tunnel was claustrophobic. Faultline could handle that, but she could see Shamrock clinging to Gregor. It made his progress through the narrow tunnel that much slower.
How fragile civilization is, Faultline mused, as she emerged on the other side. Newter clambered up the side of the nearest building for a vantage point.
Some of it was the Simurgh’s doing, no doubt, but the thing that made her catch her breath was the degree to which things had degraded. Windows were broken, plants crawled over the surroundings, a building had collapsed a little further down the street. Stone was cracked, windows shattered, metal rusted. The buildings, the cars that still sat in the middle of the street, they looked as though they had been left abandoned for a decade, though it was closer to a year and a half in reality.
It didn’t take much. Animals found their way inside, fires started and spread, and weather damaged the structures. Once the spaces were partially breached, the wind, sun, rain and temperature were free to wear on the interiors, and everything accelerated.
That damage, in turn, paved the way for other things to take root. Mold could get into materials and surfaces. Plants could take root, winding roots into cracks, widening them. Ice did much the same in the winter months.
Still, it was so much, so fast.
She couldn’t help but think about what Coil had said about the world ending in two years. However it happened, if it happened, how long would it be before nature had destroyed every trace of humanity, after mankind was gone?
“Pretty,” Labyrinth said, as she emerged from the tunnel. Her head craned as she looked around.
Faultline and Spitfire gave the girl a look of surprise. It wasn’t like her to talk on a bad day.
“You think so?” Faultline asked.
Labyrinth didn’t venture a response.
“Guess you like different architecture, huh?”
Still no response. Faultline rubbed the girl’s hooded head, as she might with a dog.
Gregor and Shamrock were the last ones to exit the tunnel.
“All good?” Faultline asked.
“A little much,” Shamrock said. “Knowing how tall the wall is, how much pressure’s bearing down over our heads… I’m a little claustrophobic at the best of times, and that’s worse than the best times.”
“We have some time before we need to pass through again,” Faultline said, “Maybe Labyrinth can make it wider, shore it up more so you’re more comfortable, for the future.”
Shamrock nodded. “I hope so. Thank you.”
“We’re looking for any signs of life,” Faultline said. “Avoid confrontation if you don’t have backup. We patrol this area in a pinwheel formation. We have four people patrolling, each in a different cardinal direction. Head three blocks out, turn clockwise, travel two more blocks, then zig-zag your way back to the center. One person always waits with Labyrinth in the middle, so we have a fortified spot to fall back to. We take turns staying with her, so nobody walks too long.”
There were nods from each of her subordinates.
“Flare if there’s any trouble or any find. Everyone has their guns?”
Everyone did.
“Gregor and Shamrock babysit during the first patrol, don’t need anyone to backtrack, obviously. Move out.”
It took only a second for Newter, Spitfire and Faultline to choose their individual directions. Gregor and Shamrock stayed behind.
Better to give Shamrock a chance to calm down, Faultline thought. Her boot heels made noise as she walked.
Doctor Foster had been asked to keep an eye on those being released from the city’s quarantine. Each individual got a tattoo of a bird on one hand or on one arm, marking them as someone affected by the Simurgh.
It had been a short-lived policy, covering only two of the Simurgh’s visits to America in the span of four years. Shortly after the second event, the idea was abandoned. The idea, that people could take extra caution around anyone with a tattoo of a white bird, only generated prejudice. The affected individuals couldn’t find work, they were beaten and they had their lives threatened.
The outcry had meant it was hard to spread the word about what the tattoos were intended for, and the problem was further exacerbated when some people had started getting the tattoos as a matter of protest. In some poll a year back, something like six out of ten people had been unable to say why the tattoos existed.
But it wasn’t likely that the tattoos were why the Doctor had been asked to oversee this situation.
No. The person who had assigned the Doctor the job, Christof, most definitely wasn’t working for the United Kingdom. Christof was, according to data they’d picked up on a job a week ago, supposedly working for Cauldron.
Which meant Cauldron wanted someone expendable that could keep an eye on things.
Faultline noted a message scrawled onto a wall: ‘three thorn babys seen here may twenty. killed two one lived’.
Just below that line, there was another message, drawn in pink chalk that had streaked where moisture had run across it: ‘thanks’.
Faultline walked on. Where doors were obviously open or unlocked, barriers hacked down, she peeked inside. There weren’t any signs of people having resided anywhere nearby.
Her patrol carried her back to Labyrinth, Gregor and Shamrock, and the statue-topped gazebo that Labyrinth had put together in the meantime. Newter had returned and was looking out from a nearby perch.
“No luck?” Shamrock asked.
“Signs of life, not too long ago, but no people.”
Gregor put down the backpack he carried and handed Faultline a water bottle.
Newter scaled his way down the side of the building nearly as fast as if he’d fallen, arriving a few seconds before Spitfire returned.
“Anything?” Faultline asked.
“Ominous graffiti, not much else.”
“Those… spine babies, was it?”
“No,” Spitfire said. “I couldn’t read it all. Very broken English. But it said something about a Devourer.”
“Let’s move. We move up six blocks, then do another patrol,” Faultline said. She thought about the Devourer, and the fact that the number one priority of the people in this place seemed to be warning about the local threats. “And, until we’re out of here, we walk with our weapons at the ready, flare guns in hand.”
They moved up to the next location, moving deeper into the city. Faultline was pleased that she didn’t have to order her team to hold formation. They were practiced enough that they did it naturally. Newter scouted out front, Gregor took the rear. Shamrock took the right flank, shotgun at the ready, and Spitfire took the left. Faultline moved in the center with Labyrinth.
She called the group to a stop when they had traveled far enough. When they paused to look at her, she gestured for them to move out, staying with Labyrinth.
“Sorry to drag you around like this,” she said. “Do you feel thirsty?”
Labyrinth shook her head.
“I know new places don’t help you feel more lucid,” Faultline said. “And it’s more than just today. We’ve been going from city to city, doing a series of jobs to try to dig up more info. I wanted to say thank you.”
Labyrinth only stared around her, looking at the buildings.
“Maybe you want to stay here?” Faultline asked.
Labyrinth shook her head once more.
“Well, I’m glad.”
A flare detonated overhead. Faultline whipped her head around. Newter.
She bolted in the direction he’d gone, holding Labyrinth’s hand, pulling the girl after her.
When she saw Newter, she stopped, let herself breathe.
Civilians. Five of them. They were wielding improvised weapons. A makeshift bow and arrow, spears. Nothing that posed a serious threat to Newter.
“These are my friends,” Newter said. He was holding his hands and tail up in the air. “More will be coming shortly. We’re not here to hurt anyone.”
“Why are you here? You’re insane, coming to a place like this. You know what the Simurgh does.”
“We do,” Faultline said. “But we have a friend, she’s got a bit of precognitive talent. Enough that it should clear us of any schemes the Simurgh is pulling.”
Eyes went wide.
“We’re looking for answers,” Faultline said. “Information, either about or from the monsters who came through that portal the Simurgh made. Give us something to work with, we’ll show you how to leave.”
“Assuming we want to,” one man said.
Why wouldn’t you? Faultline wondered. She chose to be diplomatic and keep her mouth shut. “Assuming you want to. I’m sure we could come to another deal.”
“Why do you want to talk to the monsters?” the woman with the bow asked. She had improvised urban camouflage paint over her face.
Faultline gestured in Newter’s direction, was aware of Gregor and Shamrock arriving. She turned her head to see Spitfire coming around the corner. She gestured at her teammates, “These guys are my friends, and they’re my employees. We want answers about why this happened to them. Once we have those answers, we decide where we go from there. If nothing else, it’s valuable info.”
“You’re on their side?” a man with a spear asked.
“Yes,” Faultline said. “But I could be on yours too.”
The woman with the bow stepped away from her comrades. Her weapon pointed in their general direction. “You have a way out?”
“And you just let us go? There’s no catch?”
“No catch.”
“I… how do I know I can trust you?”
“You are one of us,” Gregor said.
The woman froze.
“Maddie?” a man asked.
“How did you know?” Maddie asked.
“I know this feeling, of being lost. Of being very alone and not knowing who can be trusted,” Gregor said.
“How can I believe you?”
“Because we’ve been where you’ve been. These two don’t remember, they had their memories taken,” Shamrock said, “But I didn’t. I remember what it was like in there. And I get why you’re afraid.”
“You were in there?” Maddie asked, her eyes going wide.
Shamrock nodded. “One moment, I was going to bed in my temple-school. In another, I was in a cell. A cot, a metal sink, a metal toilet. Three concrete walls, a concrete floor and ceiling, and a window of thick plexiglass with a drawer. You might know the kind of cell I’m describing.
“They drugged me, then they waited until I started showing signs that something happened to me. It took them a while to figure out, because my power was subtle. When they had an idea of what I could do, they gave me a coin. I had to flip it when the doctor came. If it came up heads, I got to eat, I got fresh clothes, a shower. If it didn’t, I got nothing. I realized I was supposed to control it. Decide the result of the toss. When I got good at it, they gave me two coins, and both had to come up heads.”
“How long were you there?” Maddie asked.
“I don’t know. But by the time I saw the chance to escape, I had to roll twelve dice and each one had to come up with a six. And if it didn’t, if I got more than a few wrong, they found ways to punish me.”
Gregor put his hands on Shamrock’s shoulders.
“They made me use my power. I… I think I was one of the people they used to punish the ones who failed their tests,” Maddie said.
“Christ,” one of the men said. “And the freak has been with us for a week?”
Maddie turned to glare at him.
“If it means anything,” Shamrock said, “I forgive you. You didn’t decide to punish anyone. We did what they made us do.”
Maddie flinched as though she’d been struck.
“Come with us,” Faultline said. “You don’t have to stay with us, but we want to hear what you have to say.”
“I’m a predator,” Maddie said. “Not because I want to be. You don’t want me to be near you.”
“You were around them for at least a little while,” Faultline said. “You can be around us for a few hours.”
Maddie glanced around, then nodded. “When… when they tested you, did they give you a name?”
“They gave me a number at first,” Shamrock said. “I couldn’t use my real name or they’d punish me. When I passed a year of testing, they let me pick a codename. I picked Shamrock.”
“I wouldn’t pick,” Maddie said. “So they gave me one. Matryoshka. I… I don’t deserve my old name. So call me by that one.”
“Layered doll,” Faultline said. Matryoshka nodded. “Let’s go. We’ll leave the quarantine area, get you some proper food while we talk. If need be, we’ll come back and see if we can find more people. If you wanted to guide us for a return trip, maybe direct us to others, I could pay you. Get you on your feet in the outside world.”
Matroyshka smiled a little at that.
It took a little while to verify that everything was in order at the hotel. Nobody had noticed their exit and there weren’t any law enforcement officers stationed nearby.
They entered the hotel room much the way they’d left, with a makeshift ladder leading to the balcony, and quickly settled in. Matryoshka gorged herself on the groceries Faultline had bought shortly after they’d arrived. She stared wide-eyed at the television. It was the first time she’d ever seen one. It led to her excitedly describing her world between mouthfuls of food.
Faultline visited the bathroom, then stopped as a square of white caught her eye.
A note?
She opened the door to verify it wasn’t attached to anything, then pulled it into the room with the toe of her boot. Closing the door, she unfolded it with her toe to verify that it didn’t have any powder inside.
Only a message: ‘Front desk. Message from Brockton Bay. ASAP.’
Brockton Bay? Faultline frowned. That would be Coil. He was the only one with the resources to get ahold of her group.
She was loath to leave Madison while they were having some success pulling in more information on Cauldron’s operations, but… Coil did pay well.
Well enough to warrant a phone call.
She headed down to the lobby in civilian clothes, with Shamrock as backup.
Oddly enough, there was a wait at the front desk. A young woman, dark-haired, wearing a suit and fedora, with luggage on wheels.
Arriving at four in the morning?
The woman smiled and tipped her hat at Faultline as she headed to the elevator. Faultline watched her with a touch of suspicion. She didn’t relax when the elevator doors closed. She watched the floor number for the elevator tick upward until it stopped at ‘four’. Two floors above the rooms her team was in.
“What is it?” Shamrock asked.
“Gut feeling.”
“About the woman?”
“Just… felt wrong. Do you mind going upstairs? Check on the others? Maybe tell them to be on guard, and get all the nonessentials packed up. Might be paranoid, but I’m thinking we should change hotels. Good enough chance we were seen, worth doing anyways.”
Shamrock nodded and headed for the staircase.
“You had a message for me?” Faultline asked the woman at the front desk. “Room 202.”
“Yes. A phone number.”
Faultline nodded. She took the piece of paper with the number, then stepped outside to call it on her cell.
The person on the other end of the phone picked up on the first ring.
“Yes?” Faultline spoke into the phone
“This is Tattletale,” the voice came through.
“Fuck me.” Faultline groaned. “How the hell did you find us?”
“Long story.”
“What do you want? We’re not available for any jobs.”
“Don’t want to hire you for a job. In fact, bringing your guys into the current situation would be a fucking bad idea. Pretty much all of you are… well, let’s say it’d do more harm than good.”
“You’re wasting my time, Tattletale.”
“It’s been a long night. Cut me some slack. I want to borrow Labyrinth. I don’t care how many of the rest of you come. Non-combat situation, use her powers.”
Faultline paused. “Why do you want her?”
“Because I have a group of people here with very little to lose and nothing left to hope for, and I need them on our side. I think Labyrinth can give them what they want.”
“Labyrinth’s powerful, but I can’t imagine any situation where she’d be able to give anyone what they wanted. Her power’s temporary. The kind of stuff you could do with her power… there’s easier ways. Other people you could go to.”
“I think,” Tattletale said, and she managed to sound condescending, “That I understand her power better than you do.”
Faultline considered hanging up.
She sighed, then raised the phone back to her ear. “You wouldn’t be baiting me if you didn’t think you could get away with it. Cut to the chase. What are you offering?”
“Three point four million.”
Faultline blinked. Her surprise at the sum was tempered only by irritation that Tattletale had managed to get her hands on that kind of money. “Double it.”
“Done,” Tattletale said.
A little too fast. I’d think she was lying, but that’s not why she was so fast. She expected me to make a counteroffer. Probably decided the first amount with that in mind.
Faultline grit her teeth in annoyance. “I want it in advance.”
“Sure,” Tattletale said, sounding far too pleased with herself. “And done.”
A little too fast, again. She had that set up, damn her. “You have my account information?”
“Coil did. Don’t worry about it.”
Faultline hung up in irritation. She considered taking the money and refusing the job, but she -and Tattletale- knew her reputation as a mercenary was too important.
Should have refused.
She made a beeline for her hotel room. She’d need to check the account information, then move funds to an account Tattletale didn’t know about.
A glance at the display above the elevator showed that it hadn’t moved. Faster to take the stairs to the next floor than to wait.
Her heart skipped a beat when she heard the screaming. Faultline flew up the stairs to the door, pushed her way into the second floor, and raced down the hallway to the hotel rooms.
There was blood on the door as she pushed it open.
How to even take this sort of thing in? How to describe it?
Her team had been destroyed.
Gregor was in the kitchen, on his back. His chest heaved, and he’d covered much of his upper body in a foaming slime. What she could make of his face was contorted in pain, scalded a tomato red that was already blistering.
One of Newter’s arms, one of his legs and his tail had each been broken in multiple places. The remains of the coffee table, the flatscreen television and one door of the television stand lay around him, where he’d sprawled into them.
Matryoshka had unfolded into a mess of ribbons, but knives from the belt Faultline had removed to go down to the lobby had her pinned to the wall in six different places.
Labyrinth was the one screaming, steady, almost rhythmically, with little emotion to it. From the lack of affect, Faultline might have assumed she was in shock, but it was simply the fugue from her power. A small mercy – two thin cuts marked her face, and one hand was impaled to the armrest of the couch by another of the small knives.
Shamrock was busy giving Spitfire a tracheotomy. A fedora filled with slime was plastered to the younger girl’s face, and she was struggling weakly. Shamrock’s own face was covered in blood from nose to chin, and her efforts to administer the tracheotomy were limited as the fingers of one hand were bent at awkward angles.
“The woman in the suit,” Faultline said, dropping to Spitfire’s side. She noted the slime. Gregor’s. And Gregor had been burned with Spitfire’s breath? “Power thief?”
Shamrock let Faultline take over, positioning the clear plastic tube that was sticking into the hole in Spitfire’s throat. She had to spit blood out of her mouth before speaking, “No. I don’t know. She came in here and took us apart in twenty seconds. We didn’t touch her.”
Spitfire coughed, then started breathing at a more normal rate. She gave Faultline two pats on the wrist, calmer. A signal of thanks?
“Super speed? Super strength?” Faultline asked.
“No. Don’t think,” Shamrock spat blood onto the floor. She tried to stand and failed, put one hand to her leg. “Nothing I could see.”
“A thinker power. Precognition? No, that wouldn’t work with your power. Fuck!” Faultline scrambled to her feet, hurried to Labyrinth’s side. “Hey, Elle, calm down. It’s okay, it’s over. Stop screaming.”
Labyrinth shut her mouth, whimpered. The cuts to the face were thin. They’d heal with little to no scarring. The hand-
Faultline stopped. There was a piece of paper beneath the hand.
She helped Labyrinth raise her hand where it was impaled, leaving the knife in place.
The bloodstained piece of paper had a message on the underside.
Final warning.
This entry was posted in 18.z (Donation Bonus #4) and tagged Contessa, Faultline, Gregor the Snail, Labyrinth, Matryoshka, Newter, Shamrock, Spitfire by wildbow. Bookmark the permalink.
139 thoughts on “Interlude 18 (Donation Bonus #4)”
This chapter was a special request from a reader who asked for a chapter involving Labyrinth.
Crossing my fingers that it’s received well. With luck, the fact that Faultline’s Crew (and Labyrinth in particular) will be rejoining the main narrative (rather than disappearing into obscurity) will make up for any issues.
As an aside, a huge thank-you goes out to Robbie for his donation. I’ll be scheduling another bonus chapter.
Pinkhair on February 14, 2013 at 00:59 said:
Very glad to hear that they’ll be sticking around.
Anzer'ke on February 14, 2013 at 03:42 said:
I guess that means they’re back on the casualty watch list. And my nerves ratchet up another notch.
I like the Faultline crew too, and labyrinth specifically.
I like the way this world feels like things are happening.
we only get to see some of them, in interludes, but each separate group is constantly doing their own thing, offscreen.
MrMoray on February 14, 2013 at 00:25 said:
Wow. Matryoshka’s origin confirms that The Simurgh dropped Cauldron’s creations on the area, and not monsters of more unknown origins. And now we know why The Doctor feels so secure with her companion Contessa around.
Truthseeker on February 14, 2013 at 00:26 said:
Ooooo. Contessa. 😀
Elliot Reid on July 11, 2017 at 20:46 said:
Either Contessa or Eidolon. Depending on the timeline, Eidolon might not fit, but he can teleport.
Or, ya know, someone else we don’t know about. This is Cauldron, they literally make superpowers.
Dread Pirate on February 20, 2018 at 14:26 said:
Or, of course, I could also check the tags at the bottom of the page and see that it is indeed Contessa. And now that I have three comments in a row dedicated to this, I will go hang my head in shame.
randomsoul2 on February 14, 2013 at 00:33 said:
The most recent few chapters have just left me with an oh crap face on…
It was nice getting another look into the dynamic Faultline’s team has, this time while they’re in costume. Less nice seeing them all brutally taken apart by Contessa. Now I’m rather curious as to what she does….
Undead-Spaceman on February 14, 2013 at 00:35 said:
“They made me use my power. I… I think I was one of the people they used to punish the ones who faile their tests,” Maddie said. – You forgot the ‘d’ in failed.
Anyway, interesting chapter. Was rather surprised to see it would with Faultline’s crew,, even a bit more surprised to see Shamrock and Gregor are togethor; good for them! Also it’s kinda surprising seeing Matryoshka apparently looks normal now, that or the camo paint is covering that up.
TheAnt on February 14, 2013 at 00:37 said:
Okay we knew that Cauldron were evil scumsuckers who kidnap, change, torture, and remove the identities of people that won’t be missed. We guess that they justify it by the “greater good” of creating more heroes than villains, at least that is what the heroes say to themselves. But we don’t know the doctor’s agenda. Battery’s interlude confirms they also create villains, and don’t give a damn about civilians or morals by asking her to let two of the 9 get away. So why did they let them live? I can’t wrap my head around why they would let people who have gotten closer than anyone in probably years to finding info about them go. It is much safer to simply kill them and be done with it.
Reveen on February 14, 2013 at 00:46 said:
Maybe they don’t want cape fatalities for some reason? Like, for a completely unfounded speculative example; they need living capes to create the power giving formula.
Or maybe it’s just a general “keep the numbers of parahumans as high as possible to fight endbringers” thing.
I doubt their team would fight an Endbringer. Not out of cowardice but from the simple fact that Labyrinth is the only one who could make a contribution in such a fight. The vial thing is possible but it should have been easy to capture them if that was true.
Dues on February 14, 2013 at 21:08 said:
Actually shamrock could make a huge contribution, even if it is only her making a more powerful hero’s power hit more often/harder.
Well, even so- parahuman presence among humanity seems to be the vector causing more parahumans, so the more that there are the more will appear.
eduardo on February 14, 2013 at 18:11 said:
They are still lab rats.
Cauldron releases some of their patients in this world, the hole world is probably just a place for them to do experiments upon.
STH on February 15, 2013 at 10:40 said:
~They’ve got the whooole wo-orld as their lab~
greatwyrmgold on July 26, 2013 at 15:28 said:
Maybe they have a policy advising against killing former clients, of which there were four in that room if I’m counting them all (Newter, Gregor, Shamrock, Matryoshnka).
Random Lurker on February 14, 2013 at 00:38 said:
I’m a bit confused about where in the timeline this interlude fits. If its after they discovered Noelle’s breakout, when did Tattltale get the chance to call them? If its before, how would she be sure it wouldn’t get back to Coil?
Anyways, Contessa is scary due to being so mysterious yet powerful. How will this attack affect their decision whether or not to go back to Brockton Bay? I think when they find out Coil worked for Cauldron, they would either go all out against Cauldron or back off and disappear. Which one is more likely, I don’t know.
Last thought: if Labyrinth got absorbed by Noelle, worldwide destruction would be assured, but what would her clone name be?
Tattletale broke off from the main group at the start of 18.8. This chapter ends around the same point that Tattletale gets back to her headquarters.
I am seeing Dragon’s group, some of the Wards, The Undersiders, The Travellers and Faultline’s Crew as all having reason to really not like Cauldron.
Gnarker on February 14, 2013 at 17:22 said:
You forgot Legend.
Anyway, I’ve been waiting for an epic anti-Cauldron alliance ever since his interlude.
Those Bastards! (I mean, of course Cauldron.)
On a more positive note, I really like the Team, and that they’re apparently coming back.
I also really like that, despite their Powers, they’re decked out with armor and guns.
They’re mercenaries, not capes. Mercenaries can use guns without getting the Code called on them, and they can’t afford not to.
twofoe on October 29, 2013 at 03:00 said:
The Travelers are mercenaries as well, but they’re not nearly as decked out.
The Travellers also:
A. have much more powerful powers (who needs a gun when you can turn anything into a bullet?)
B. are much more concerned about hurting people from a hurting-people standpoint.
MrVoid on February 14, 2013 at 00:46 said:
Ah good, I was beginning to miss these guys.
It does make sense that a rank 12 shaker would be able breach dimensions. Interestingly, she is tied with purity in terms of total power ranks and 3 ranks under Lung at his best. If Labyrinth was sane, she would likely be an A rank threat all on her own.
Speaking of ranks and classes, did we ever decide on what Grue’s powers rank as? Also, could the Undersiders be considered an A rank threat prior to Noelle consuming them all?
The team as a whole is definitely rank A . Regent could potentially take control of someone very powerful/important, Tattletale scares the shit out out them by the things she knows, Grue is as powerful as Eidolon depending on how many/what capes are in his darkness, they probably now next to nothing about Imp, though Rachel is probably nothing too special to them. Skitter is probably infamous for being connected to nasty things happening, leading this very dangerous team, and for beating people she should frankly have had no chance against. I would be spooked at a being with a relatively weak power that has beaten Lung, hurt the 9, and destroyed Dragon’s most advanced suit ever.
Arguably, winning against stronger capes despite a weak power should make her even more scary than simply winnig through brute force. At least, if she simply relied on a very strong, but simply used power, someone with an even stronger power should reliably be able to take her out.
Well lets say you have someone like Aegis or Weld corner her. They should be very resistant to her bugs, and should easily be able to crush her if they can get close to her. On paper the outcome should be obvious but anyone smart would be wary since she has beaten people even stronger than they are. Flechette’s scary/freaky image of her would probably add to that wariness depending on just what her report said.
Aegis and Weld? Heh. That one’s easy: Dodge with help of the swarm and bide time, meanwhile tie them up in silk.
This should work. It can’t be harder than Mannequin.
dubloe7 on December 29, 2013 at 21:18 said:
I’d be willing to bet that Weld is strong enough to break the spider silk.
hipster viking aryan pocahontas on May 15, 2015 at 10:41 said:
Stronger than Crawler?
His shapeshifting should allow him to escape much more easily than Crawler, despite being relatively less strong.
Loki-L on February 14, 2013 at 06:44 said:
I don’t think the power ratings necessarily influence the rank class. After all Jack is part of a group that is classed as S and he himself has a rather low level power of being able to cut things. He is dangerous because of his personality and the group as whole rather than the powers he has himself. I could see the heroes applying similar logic to Skitter and the Undersiders.
Hydrargentium on February 14, 2013 at 13:31 said:
I was thinking the same thing in terms of the similarity between Jack and Taylor in that regard.
Max on October 11, 2014 at 00:46 said:
I agree. I also think they should really up Skitter’s Thinker rating above a 1. Anyone who can figure out how to repeatedly and consistently take out threats well above their weight class should be at least a Thinker 3 or higher.
We were never given what Grue’s rank or classification was and Wildbow seems to prefer giving us gradual info through the chapters than giving us clear clarifications on classifications/ranks. I am going to guess he was a shaker of at least five, with his darkness blocking things/negating certain powers. I think Grue would count as a Trump now since he can change his powers depending on who is in the darkness. Probably a fairly high number since he is potentially a very big threat depending on who is in his darkness. Lets say a Trump 8?
I won’t spoil anything, but he’s not a trump 8, nor is he quite in that neighborhood.
There is, I should say (going by comments) a recurring, significant misconception as to how that particular sub-power works.
Do you mean a misconception about how Grue’s darkness works or the trump classification?
Grue’s power.
Asmora on February 14, 2013 at 19:10 said:
Specifically, I think Wildbow may be referring to the fact that people seem to keep forgetting about the fact that Grue can only borrow one power at a time. I haven’t been following the comments very closely of late, but I’ve seen several people mention him stealing multiple powers. The facts that he’s limited to a single target a time, they have to be within range and inside his darkness, they lose some but not all of their power (which makes it annoying to use on allies yet not disabling to use offensively), and he gets a weaker version of the power, which he doesn’t necessarily know how to use or use well all combine to make him much less powerful than he could be. It’s still an amazing ability, especially in a group like the Undersiders whose power comes from their flexibility, but it’s not world-shaking.
I was guessing trump myself, but I wasn’t willing to give him an eight. The primary reason that I thought trump was that he only other trumps appear to be eidolon and that one guy from the empire (Vlad I think). I guess I was just hoping for more insight into powers.
Victor, the “talent vampire” they tried to use to give Grue kung-fu action.
If Victor’s a Trump, shouldn’t Uber be one too?
Trump 1, perhaps.
Or maybe we’re just being too hard on the comic relief “villain”.
liminal2016 on June 27, 2017 at 11:27 said:
Othala, not Victor, is the Trump in the Empire. She gives powers, he only steals skills.
Hatchet Face also had a Trump rating due to his power nullification aura. I also think Bitch’s power is a Trump power in function (grants powers to the dogs), despite being a Master power in practice due to her strict training giving her control over them.
And so we see Matryoshka again, and confirm where all the ‘monsters’ came from. Well, at least, where they made a pitstop en route to Earth Bet. I wonder how many people she’s eaten since then.
Looks like Contessa knew how to really hurt them, even Spitfire and Elle… And now I wonder if Tattletale plans to send the Travelers home through the Pattern of Amber.
“thought I’d miss Brockton” Extra space.
“who faile their tests” Failed.
Fixed. Thanks.
Interestingly, the last time the phrase “I am a soldier” came up was also the last time we saw Matryoshka.
What about that one mutant person Skitter was fighting a couple chapters ago?
I was more thinking Labyrinth would be able to fix Noelle, but I guess sending them home…no, not really seeing how that helps anyone.
Or perhaps… the Travelers?
I mean, there’s nothing really keeping them there anymore.
It’s something to do with Noelle or the Travellers. That’s obvious.
Time will tell. Or has told, for people who read ahead instead of commenting…
DeNarr on February 14, 2013 at 00:49 said:
Times like these make me wish the cast page was updated with minor characters, even if only quick blurbs. Would be more cohesive than trying to re-read all the chapters that contain characters who don’t show up a lot.
If you find a character missing from the cast page, or a needed update to their details, let me know & I’ll make an addition.
In this specific case it was Contessa and Matryoshka I was curious about. If it wasn’t for your tag, I would have thought that the note was meant to means Cauldron, rather than Contessa.
I was also confused as to whether Matryoshka was from Earth A, Earth B, or somewhere else entirely. Is she considered a “freak” because she is a cape, or because she was one of the monsters, or are they the same?
Of course, it may be that we’re not supposed to know these things yet, but if so I think I missed the details.
I don’t think we know yet. However, it’s an entirely valid conclusion that she was one of Cauldron’s experiments.
Clarvel on February 14, 2013 at 00:55 said:
“If nothing else, keeping everyone on the straight and narrow means they won’t get sloppy if and when we get a serious job. After we’re done all this.'”
Should be “we’ve”.
Rewrote that part. Thanks.
Psycho Gecko on February 14, 2013 at 01:29 said:
There was quite an interesting, and some might say upsetting, revelation here in this interlude. It may well change our perception of the main story and fill in details about a criminal organization.
I’m talking about the fact that Gregor is getting laid. I guess it’s fitting that we find this out on Valentine’s Day. And since it’s Shamrock, you know he’s getting lucky. Though I guess she doesn’t have to worry too much about sex. She can just use her power to find the best way to move to get her Sham Rockin’.
Oh the puns, the terrible, terrible puns. I will probably see more than a few today. My sister refers to it as Single Awareness Day.
That’s SAD. Still, I suppose even Kraft cheese products need their day in the spotlight. Ok, so they spend plenty of days in the spotlight already on fast food burgers, but you know what I mean.
In honor of Valentine’s Day, or VD as some people call it, I have here a romantic love song to put people in the mood. Problem is, I couldn’t get to my computer until just now, so it’s a little late for the mood. I know it puts a grin on my face. Anyway, here goes:
Enjoy your VD, everybody.
Those are some awesome puns. I agree it is very nice to see Gregor with a girlfriend who honestly cares about him! And to TheAnt, yes, it is definitely Single’s Awareness Day. Valentine’s Day is evil. Single’s Awareness Day is a good drinking day.
I prefer to think of Valentine’s Day as the day before all the chocolate goes on sale. Cheap Chocolate Eve, if you will.
leinadrengaw on February 14, 2013 at 01:39 said:
So Matryoshka has never seen a TV- is she from an extremely poor area of earth Aleph or is there at least one more dimension in play here?
This also makes it sound like Simurgh has direct access to Cauldron’s dimension since Matryoshka never mentioned escaping on her own, and I can’t help but wonder why she didn’t dump out everything Cauldron had since bastards or no they are one of the few entities theoretically capable of stopping the Endbringers.
anonymus on February 14, 2013 at 08:30 said:
Cauldron is active in “this” dimension,
they can create powers
the other dimension doesn’t have endbringers
am i the only one starting to think that the endbringers are good?
ok so leviatan killed a lot of people, but he was trying to get to noel (acceptabel loss and so on)
so the simurgh got noel in “this” dimension and caused a lot of death
wait in “this” dimension there are caps who could kill noel?
imagin what would have happened if she had a natural trigerevent in her own dimension, without powerfull caps to stop her
(year i dont think so just want to hear counterarguments^^)
Kessler on February 14, 2013 at 14:54 said:
Endbringers killed a whole lot of people, way more then Noel so far, and they appear to be behind her circumstances. Leviathan was going after her – but was it to kill her or to welcome her into the fold, so to speak? And even if Noel had a trigger event, it looks like that power giving serum was specifically made to create an Endbringer. She wouldn’t have become this on her own. I feel like Cauldron is using this dimension to test things, and then they’ll simple jump the boat for another one, where they’ll put the data to use for their ends.
If the Endbringers wanted to defeat Cauldron, Simurgh would just toss Leviathan and Behemoth through a portal into Cauldron’s base. She obviously knows how to access it by portal, but she hasn’t taken actions that would require a lot less plotting and planning to take them out.
Well Dragon outright says that she considers them as bad as the Endbringers. So maybe Simurgh could attack them but chooses not to because Cauldron will do more damage by being left alone.
Nobody else seems to be mentioning the explanation I had assumed for why Leviathan was going for Noelle. Three words. Evil. Leviathan. Clones.
WyldCard4 on February 14, 2013 at 18:05 said:
I don’t think the Endbringers are good, but they might not be evil. They could simply be soldiers for another side, and devoted to destroying Cauldron rather than humanity in general.
Still, the Endbringers being good is really unlikely. They have killed millions of people and gutted things like Japan. It seems that most good goals would be better handled by communication than slaughter.
Endbringers attack one by one, instead all together and they wait for months between the attacks. So it’s either there is some limitation, perhaps they are remote controlled and it takes effort for whoever is running them, or their objective isn’t destruction of humanity.
Cauldron benefits from Endbringers. They keep a lot of capes in line with ”We are doing it to stop Endbringers”, they use them as distractions and they advance their plans with specter of Endbringers influencing people. Simurgh might have helped them out with creating Noel, so for all we know there could be some connection between them, and not necessary antagonistic one.
The Endbringers are more effective if their attacks are constant.
Attacking all at once a) Focuses the damage on a smaller area and b) Vastly reduces the overall numbers and hence the fear of their existence.
Furthermore this ignores that all three attacked and appeared separately. The connections between them are mostly drawn by humans, they might be totally unconnected. They may instead simply operate on their own schedules and be staggered due to their initial date of appearance.
fnich on February 14, 2013 at 04:15 said:
I’m guessing Contessa has some sort of time related power. Maybe bullet time or some sort of non linear time perception like Doctor Manhattan. Or she could be rewinding time and memorizing what each guy does and how to react. Whichever it is, she’s pretty goddamn badass, I like her already aside from the child stabbing.
Shamrock was intended as a Cauldron enforcer too it looks like. Makes sense they’d have subtler more ninjaey powers. Less evidence that way.
Someguy on February 14, 2013 at 07:41 said:
I’m thinking that Contessa’s ability is to suspend the subjective sense of time of everyone within a given range. Those under its effect are frozen in place for the duration of its activation, therfore making it seem as if she took them down in 20 seconds when she simply took her time (no pun intended).
A huge thank-you goes out to M.S. for the generous donation. Scheduling another bonus chapter.
Might have to stop calling them bonuses once you have so many scheduled that they become weekly. Three Worm updates per week is a lovely thing, let me tell you.
Um the Muse on February 14, 2013 at 14:11 said:
you employer –> your employer
Shamrock holds the shotgun up in the air. She should be aiming at the floor if she’s been trained to use a gun.
I really like Faultline’s crew, too. It’s good to see them again, though circumstances could’ve been better. Wait, this is Wildbow, it probably couldn’t 😉
Overall, this was an interesting interlude.
1. Cauldron seems needlessly evil here. Why would kidnapping their own guards be the best idea? There have to be plenty of willing allies. They do have certain mind control abilities, but overall this seems more likely to backfire than doing it the good way. Experimentation made sense, but this just seems foolish.
2. Gregor was noted as the client this time. That’s intriguing on a number of levels. Despite being mercenaries it seems Faultline’s Crew is more interested in the Cauldron Mystery than anything else.
3. I agree with everyone else that leaving them alive is weird, but Wildbow is smart enough to have it make sense later.
4. Overall, this was pretty good. Lots of new information and lots to think about. I am getting more and more interested as to Worm’s endgame.
No One in Particular on February 14, 2013 at 20:06 said:
After a ridiculous amount of reading, finally caught up. Such a long story…
This has been a really interesting story so far. So realistic, with gray-on-gray mortality, as many good people as bad, and…well, it’s basically as realistic as you can get with a superhero story. I sometimes have difficulty keeping up with the amount of characters and plot details, but it’s still very enjoyable. I’m happy I found such a good web serial, and hope it goes on for a long time. Thank you, wildbow.
Thank you for reading. 🙂
Actually, I’d say that the mortality in Worm is pretty stark black and white. Isn’t that right Kaiser? Battery?
Sant on February 14, 2013 at 22:55 said:
Eh, don’t agree with you on that one. Battery got into bed with some pretty shady people to put Madcap behind bars, and Kaiser, despite a manipulative, racist asshole, stepped up to fight Leviathan when push came to shove. Battery is definitely a lighter shade of grey, but nobody is without their sins in the Wormverse.
…Reveen was talking about the difference between mortality and morality. Just FYI.
I’d say it holds for both.
There are shades of grey in Worm, but there are also the clear black and white edges. The points where Welds and Jacks reside.
I don’t know, Battery did get into bed with the person she set out to catch specifically because he shat on her father’s chance at making a difference in the world.
Not only did the supervillain win that one, he got to fuck the little girl of the hardworking cop he thwarted.
Talk about insult to injury. I’ll give him that one. That’s getting him nominated to the Playa Hater’s Ball.
Well, there are allowances in regard to mortality about who deserves to live. But my Tarantinoesque mindset dissalows me from letting anyone even anyone remotely related to Kaiser not being dead. I dunno. Kill all Nazis and somesuch.
There’s definitely some grey area allowable between people who are only technically dead due to psychological fuckery and people leyeAgally dead due to same bullshit.
Uh, yeah I’ve no idea whats going on on that front. Kill all Not Sees yay.
Mitleser on February 16, 2013 at 08:21 said:
Battery cooperated with Cauldron, but did not compromise her integrity when she was ordered to do something obviously bad and morally wrong.
Kaiser is evil and not grey at all. Cooperating with other parahumans does not change that (there is a trope for that, “Evil Versus Oblivion”).
Worm is a pretty grey setting, but not everyone (who matters) in it is morally grey.
In a story with the likes of Glaistig Uaine around, mortality isn’t all that black and white, either.
Hitting that latest chapter and seeing the Next Chapter link grayed out is a bit frightening isn’t it?
Yes, yes it is. I can not say how grateful I am that updates are two to three times a week, because I’ll be able to find out what happens next tomorrow.
And I meant to say morality. Autocorrect messed with my words. Sorry for the confusion.
It’s odor. Autocorrect can be a real mother frosting benevolent.
Back to Worm, has anyone noticed that, as the story got darker, the occasional jokes in the beginning have almost disappeared? It suits the story’s direction, but I kinda miss them. I’m hoping the next arc will lighten things up, and focus more on Taylor’s territory, dealing with Sierra and Charlotte, and Regent. I generally don’t like romance, but wildbow seems to know what xe’s doing, and these two can’t catch a break.
Also in light of the holiday I am going to toss out something a little different. To say it is different than my normal style is to suggest that it would be difficult for a 100 pound sumo wrestler to become a world champion.
The good news is that if no one likes it, you can all get Wildbow to delete it.
I know it’s not the normal scheduled update, but OOC insisted I do something for Valentine’s, even if I got around to it late due to some business in Vatican City that I can’t talk about right now. So I figured I would tell a story about love. Knowing me, you can probably figure out this won’t have a happy ending. We were able to overcharge the connection to get this through to your universe by plugging a capacitor bank into a nearby motel tonight and charging it up on the power of love. It required one of those European outlet adapters.
It’s not my story. I heard it from a hero named Slapstick. Not really man or woman, or perhaps both at the same time, Slapstick is a shapeshifter and a very skilled one. We ran into each other one day around some Middle Eastern country. Can’t remember which, but it had a lot of rioting and neither of us much felt like taking any side in it. Normally I’d love to riot and cause a ruckus, but not in that heat. It’s just too much. Besides, I was done with my business there. Slapstick had been the mole who sold out the people I had worked for, but I had finished my part and they paid me already so I had no beef with him or her.
So over a bottle of brandy he told me this tale:
I have actually been in love before. I was still Slapstick, just a younger Slapstick. A more idealistic Slapstick. A hornier Slapstick. She was Selene, after the moon goddess. We met in South America.
I was a mercenary working with this gang of guerillas out of a mountain. They did things like smuggling, drugs, and human trafficking. They only did a little human trafficking. It paid well. She busted in and handed the guerillas their asses. The other powered mercs didn’t do so well either. The money was dead or captured and I was neither at threat nor highly motivated.
We had a rocky start but a passionate and fiery one. We began to work together before long. I became something of a reserve member of her team.
It was wonderful. I was a college student with an amazing secret. I was in love with someone. We lived far apart, but I knew then I wanted her in my life for as long as she would have me. It did not matter one bit that she had twins by an ex. It made me smile sometimes just knowing that she was out there somewhere. That happens when you know you’re truly loved.
One day I was hanging out at her team’s base when I saw someone there who, I’ll admit, looked pretty hot. Her name was Crystal. We got to talking, but not that way, and in the course of events my girlfriend came up. Crystal knew Selene. Crystal knew Selene very well. Selene was Crystal’s girlfriend and submissive.
I don’t think highly of all that dominant and submissive bullshit these days.
Next time I talked to Selene, she was with Crystal. She was also with Crystal in a different way. She broke up with me. According to Crystal and Selene, the whole relationship with me was just a way to play me and keep me from being an enemy then and in later times.
I was devastated. I found my way back to my dorm room and just collapsed into a salty wet puddle of goop for awhile. Despite not having a heart, I could still feel phantom pains where it should have been.
As a side note, it proved wrong the English professor I had who referred to a broken heart as purely metaphorical.
I did get my act together some, and I did help with the team some more. I was around Selene some in the process. I didn’t care for this at all and I refused to speak to her. I did help save her for what little it was worth.
I didn’t like Crystal and it turned out my spurned lover instincts were correct. She was obsessed. I found this out due to a new romance that formed in the wake of the one with Selene. An old friend and former lover of Selene’s who had taken up with me out of some sympathy and understanding. Together we uncovered that Crystal was obsessive and dangerous. Selene found it out too and wanted help. Together, we were able to make Crystal back off and go her own way.
Through a sort of default, Selene and I were kind of back together. This was a problem for me because I was still together with our mutual friend and because I didn’t care for Selene any more. It was nice she and Crystal were broken up and I could still remember the good times, but I didn’t love her any more.
I let other things take precedence and we lost track of each other. That is easy to do when you just stop going out as a superhuman like I did.
It changed me. I lost that spark to do good, but I couldn’t go back to being what I was before. And I became a lot more cynical. Especially about my feelings. I began to second guess them and I refused to ever put them out there so fully. I felt ashamed of the way I had been, thinking I had been in love with someone who up and left me for some psycho bitch who was willing to put a collar on her.
Time passed. I moved on.
Until I ran into her again, four years later.
She acted like nothing had changed. She thought it was wonderful seeing me again. All lovey dovey. She even told me she loved me. I felt awkward. I had always felt bad for our relationship just petering out, but now I had to find some way to make it known to her that I didn’t love her.
Since I had decided to get more active in costume again, I ran into her more and more. It was one time when I had a few more beers than I should have that I began to talk some shit about dominating her better than Crystal. It was some sort of macho BS.
That’s when she told me possibly the only thing that could still hurt me about our breakup.
It wasn’t real. She didn’t even remember Crystal or that whole incident until I mentioned her. As far as Selene knew, the breakup was faked and so was her relationship with Crystal. It was all done to go undercover around Crystal and her group to find out what they were all pulling. She even avoided having sex with Crystal all that time, despite Crystal’s bragging around me.
She thought I knew this. Somehow. Hell if I know how I was supposed to know that. She couldn’t very well tell me afterwards because I was refusing to talk to her. To me, the person who was just broken up with out of nowhere for a D/s dominant, this course of action makes sense. It’s Selene’s actions I can’t wrap my head around. All just faked but she never bothered to let me know before, during, or after.
The original breakup changed the course of my life. I went from wanting to marry this woman despite my youth to just kind of drifting. I wanted her by my side and then the whole scenario was blown up. I had one of the worst days of my life, but she didn’t even remember it happened because that day was a game to her.
I tried to maintain that conversation and let her know how I felt, but she just insisted that the past was the past and we should just move on from here. Move on from here what? I don’t have any feelings for her. Not ones of love, anyway. I had four years of moving on without even considering her a part of my life anymore. Four years of going off in some other direction with a small personality change due to her actions. And excuse me, but I see no reason to ignore my very righteous and rational feelings of anger towards all of that.
I didn’t tell her that last part. After her talk about moving on from here, I got out of there. The next time I see her, we need to have a serious talk and I need her to realize there is nothing between us.
I don’t remember how many months ago it was since I talked to her and then walked away in baffled disgust over her actions and her wanting to continue what we had. I have yet to have that talk with her. How many months, five, six?
The idea of never seeing her again doesn’t bother me.
This update reminds me of how much I miss Brutus and Judas. 😦
Let’s see, looking through the related tags the last time we saw Contessa was Alexandria’s interlude, also the first time we saw Behemoth. And this is the first time she’s appeared without “Doctor Mother” according to the tags.
Between Doorman and Contessa anyone wanting to oppose Cauldron is in for a hard fight.
I’m curious, where Telltale is getting all that money. She claimed almost all of it was spent on bribes to Coil’s men.
Poe Telltale. She’s got a strong heart, I just don’t trust her enough to look her in the eye.
That’s more like the PG we love and hate. I was wondering where you’d gone for Valentine’s Day.
And now I’m wondering about an Edgar Allen Poe based cape. Telltale would be make people paranoid, hear things, and confess their worst crimes. The Raven would make people depressed or assume the worst just by talking.
Huh. Sounds like Tattletale may be both.
Amontillado: famed local architect and winetaster by day who runs in refined circles by day, vigilante or serial killer by night who walls up his victims or otherwise traps them in architecture.
So the Black Cat (no, not Marvel’s) would be Amontillado’s foe?
RazorSmile on April 15, 2013 at 00:46 said:
Two questions about Faultline:
1) Is she ex-military? If not, where’d she get her training?
2) Does she have some kind of low-level Thinker power or is she mundane-smart?
Wow. In Alexandrias interlude cauldrons actions could ALMOST be sort of justified, but this really paints a better picture. And the heroes are working for these guys.
How did Faultline’s group get into the hotel inconspicuously? Did Gregor and Newter go in through a window after the others paid for the room, or what?
wildbow on July 26, 2013 at 15:05 said:
Same way they returned.
So, pretty much yes.
That makes sense. (And I hadn’t gotten to that part yet.)
“Each individual got a tattoo of a bird on one hand or on one arm.”
Anyone remember Manton/Siberian having that tattoo of a swan on his hand? I wonder whether he was in a Simurgh attack or if he got it in protest 😛
Hm, remember any other members of the Nine who went crazy after an Endbringer attack?
Shwaggy on December 6, 2013 at 12:31 said:
Oh wow, I totally missed that…both times through!
You know, a lot of stuff makes more sense on the second read. Contessa is one of those things.
alextfish on December 30, 2013 at 14:31 said:
I do love Labyrinth. And all of Faultline’s crew for investigating Cauldron.
Typos not yet mentioned:
“furniture for foyer” – missing “the”?
“The C.U.l China.” – surplus “l”.
Olivebirdy on June 30, 2015 at 09:59 said:
onto a semblance of order
-into
irreverentelephant on February 5, 2014 at 02:12 said:
Found my first typo.
“Matroyshka smiled a little at that.” transposed Matryoshka
anKLJ on March 15, 2014 at 15:20 said:
“The C.U.l China.”
Is China the C.U. or the C.U.I.? You used both (missing final period).
I’m a little baffled how Newter could be sitting with his tail wrapped around Labyrinth without giving her hallucinations (above and beyond her usual fugues). There are several points I ‘think’ he either touched or was touched by his teammates. Can he control whether or not his body fluids are dangerous?
Skimming back through his first appearances, it seems that his TAIL is specifically exempted? Maybe you should give that a bit of emphasis in re-write.
앳켄스 탭 (@tabatkins) on March 16, 2014 at 22:25 said:
“furniture for foyer” should be “furniture for [the] foyer”
Oh Gregor has a girlfriend!!! Good for him ^_^
Huh so was Contessa is badass apparently. Super badass. Worrisome.
Hmm it’s nice to see that Matryoshka is sane and helpful since she did come off as an interesting character from the Travelers side. I’m surprised the crew didn’t know that the Travelers came from there though…the PRT seemed to have an inkling and I can’t see Faultline not having SOME contacts there that can get her info about Madison.
While it is great getting to see Faultline’s crew again I have to say this is frustrating with Taylor in the middle of being swallowed. Wildbow you tease us!
Mild annoyance and impatience aside, I really do want to see more of this crew and hear about why Fault and Tattle dislike each other so much.
MisterTeatime on November 5, 2014 at 21:39 said:
I think this ending could’ve benefited from another second or two in Faultline’s perspective. I can see two different ways her reaction could go- “we are discovered; flee at once” or “now you’ve made me mad”- and not knowing which way she turns feels unusually artificial.
quilly on June 12, 2015 at 14:48 said:
Man, how many of these guys got powers from Cauldron? That’s all of the biggest PRT heroes, at least two S9s, most of two villain groups… Maybe the actual cape difference between these worlds is just because Cauldron only releases things on Bet?
I don’t really relate to Faultline’s group, but this update was more than worth it. Awesome stuff!
Shakes on June 15, 2015 at 00:26 said:
“I think they were the C.U. I didn’t do anything specific for them. Just describing new inmates, recent hirings and firings, changes in policy.”
The C.U.l China. It was good to be right.
Dunno which bit’s the typo, but there’s something off.
Gabriel on June 30, 2015 at 18:40 said:
“Simonfoster19931996”
axle on August 9, 2015 at 00:49 said:
Swaggy-G on August 31, 2015 at 21:49 said:
M’Cauldron.
anosmianAcrimony on March 2, 2016 at 07:28 said:
I’m glad to see these guys again! I loved them the first time they showed up. Also glad to see Gregor has finally found love. Shamrock is a very lucky lady.
Entropy's Punching Bag on July 9, 2016 at 22:34 said:
You keep forgetting a “l” in Faultline’s name.
«Raising the stakes.» not a sentence.
«No service. There was only static. They had something to block it.» would you *expect* a cell phone to work in a vault? Why is it still charged if it’s apparently left on and stored in a drawer? In any case, why would it make static noises if there’s no service?
«Floor to ceiling.» not a sentence
« A woman, back arched, hands outstretched to either side of Faultline.» not a sentence. I think you can attach this clause to the preceeding sentence using a colon.
Chris on December 28, 2017 at 20:26 said:
Should be C.U.I., both times I think. First time is missing the I, second time is missing a period.
Unspeakables on February 20, 2018 at 22:48 said:
I somehow have had Elle and our favorite little Class S threat mixed up this entire time. Ugh, two mentally broken women with game breaking abilities on small but important teams. My shame knows no bounds.
Canon on April 11, 2018 at 00:48 said:
I see they have a lot of fans, but personally Faultline’s group are my least favorite team in the series. Don’t get me wrong, let every other one of Wildbow’s characters they have intriguing powers and personalities, but there isn’t much to set them apart other than being in it for the money most of the time. The Undersiders are cool, sympathetic, and creepy all at once. The Travelers are assholes, but they have pathos and mystique to them. The Wards are charming. The Protectorate have a ton going on. The various neo-nazi groups were have a fucked up family dynamic and are notably different than everyone else. The Merchants were just hilarious. These mercs just don’t stand out as much to me. Don’t really know what I’m getting at, but if anything I guess its that I’m glad the author chose to make this story about Taylor.
I kind of agree and disagree. I think that it’s true that the other groups in worm have more of a dinamic, but I also am really excited to see what will happen with them and cauldron. This is my first time reading the book so I don’t know that much about cauldron but the way this groups interacts with them seems really intriguing. Also I love newters powers and personalities and am really exited for him to get more screen time! Book time? Just more time in general.
Watercolorheart on April 21, 2019 at 18:50 said:
This is a Chekhov’s gun thing, but that note reminded me that we still don’t know what kind of notes Dinah wrote to Skitter.
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pocketfullof —
the one with that girl i knew
Fic - "Watch As We Fall" | J2 | NC-17
Aug. 25th, 2008 at 2:41 AM
pocketfullof
Watch As We Fall
J2; Adult; 4200 words
The thing is, Jensen's really, really nice.
Notes: Thanks muchly to the ever awesome nu_breed and glendaglamazon for the betas. Two thumbs up. Will use again. This was written for my one-year anniversary of J2 fic. Yes, I'm self-involved enough that the only person I really write fic for is myself. Um, I hope you enjoy!
So. Yeah. The thing about Jensen is he's shy, right, but he's also really fucking nice; some might go so far as to call him chivalrous. Mama raised him right, and all that jazz. He's the kind of nice that holds open doors for everyone, doesn't kiss and tell, and would probably carry grocery bags across the street for little old ladies, if there were any shuffling around. He's the kind of nice that breaks up with girls and still has pictures of them up on his mantle. Like Danneel, for example; he broke it off with her over three months ago, only she still has him on speed dial for days when she's feeling down. When Jared and Sandy called it quits she sold everything he ever touched on EBay. Jensen, on the other hand, got a fucking life-long friendship out of his breakup.
The other thing about Jensen? He's really, really pretty. This isn't uncommon knowledge or a big surprise to anyone, but it's still true. Still out there. Jensen is really good looking, with his ridiculous green eyes and stupid puffy mouth, and that one-two combination: pretty and nice, well, it gets Jensen in trouble sometimes.
Like right now. Jared's been folded into a booth at Jack's Pub and Grill for over thirty minutes, alone with Bob and Jeff from lighting as the two drone on and on about Stargate Atlantis. And sure, Jared's a fan of fantasy – it's his bread and butter, after all – but he can only take so much of it. He's been waiting, very patiently, thank you very much, for Jensen to get his ass back to the table so Jared can have something to do other than nod and smile, but that seems like a lost cause.
He slides out of the cracked leather booth. This place isn’t far from set, and they're here enough that the novelty has worn off for most of the regulars. He doesn't really get many glances as he makes his way to the back, where Jensen is belly up to the bar and smiling brightly at a guy about Jared's height who's wearing a really sharky grin.
The dude's crowded in real close to Jensen, like he's trying to keep Jensen all to himself, like they might as well just breathe the same bar-stale air, and the way he's looking down at Jensen? Well, it's pretty clear he doesn't have the football game beaming from the TV on his mind. His beady eyes are zeroed in on Jensen's lips. As Jensen says something and gestures with his beer bottle, the guy nods like he's a bobble-head and smiles so widely his teeth glint.
Jensen's getting smiled like that by a lot of guys, lately.
And the thing is, Jensen can take care of himself, no problem. The first bar fight Jared had ever actually been in, Jensen was right there beside him, slamming his fist into some guy's nose and his elbow into another guy's gut. So, yeah, Jensen can totally fend for himself. He doesn't need Jared going all John Wayne on some stupid dude's ass to protect Jensen if the guy should get a little fresh. It's only –
It's only, it's been happening a lot more, this thing where Jensen's such a nice guy, incapable of telling some dude to fucking back off, that Jensen keeps ending up crowded into corners and leaned over against bars, as guys so clearly size up his mouth and his ass, and he never does anything about it.
Jared doesn't even hesitate. Drink in hand, he all but sidles up to the bar just in time to hear Jensen say, "Yeah, absolutely, man. I'd love to check it out. I was thinking about having one installed, actually."
The guy looks seriously thrilled. Jared resists the urge to push him over. Instead he slides a long arm around Jensen's broad, relaxed shoulders, and leans right over, pressing his face sloppily against Jensen's cheek.
"Hey, dude, what's up?" Jensen asks. His voice is rumbly against Jared and he brings a hand up to pat at Jared's shoulders.
Jensen smells like his familiar spicy cinnamon aftershave and icy cold wind. Jared's gotten real good at playing drunk. He slurs his words a little when he murmurs, "'M tired. Wanna go t' bed." It's loud enough that the dude still staring at Jensen like he's a chocolate bon bon will hear and get the picture, and quiet enough to be intimate. The together hangs there between them all, unspoken.
Jensen doesn't even bat an eye. "Yeah?" he says. "You were perfectly sober when I left, man."
"Shots," Jared lies. He rolls his head a bit, resting it on Jensen's shoulder, as he glares up at the dude Jensen's talking to. "Let's go home." He's perfectly aware of how this looks, and Jared's insides give a little thrill when Jensen just nods, like this is an everyday thing, like Jared always searches Jensen out when he's ready to go home.
"Alright, man, let's take you home." Jensen extracts himself from Jared's arms, though he keeps a hand on the small of Jared's back, as if to keep him steady. He extends the other hand. "Ryan," he says, "it was real nice to meet you."
Ryan's pretty gracious about the whole thing. He doesn't even let the smile drop from his face. He just shakes Jensen's hand and says the invitation's always there and then takes a step back, meeting Jared's eyes as if saying no harm meant, man. Jared thinks maybe he should be insulted on Jensen's behalf because there's something in Ryan's manner that suggests he thinks Jensen's Jared's property. Instead he just gives Ryan a mean, toothy grin and lets Jensen herd him out of the bar into the bitter cold air, breathing in so deeply it burns his lungs and wondering if he and Jensen need to have a talk.
It doesn't happen again for two weeks. This time they're in LA, and it's Ed Westwick's birthday, so it's a private club filled with about six hundred of Ed's closest friends. Jared's familiar with about half the faces in the place, most of them on the dance floor bumping and grinding to some truly awful music that's loud enough to feel like he's getting waked in the face every time the bass pulses, and when he gets back from the bathroom where two guys he recognizes from the remake of 90210 were snorting blow, he finds that Jensen has left their table empty.
He squints through the strobe lights and fog machines, and really, what is this, 1996? Who the fuck has fog machines anymore? He searches through the dark and finally spots Jensen sitting at another table, cradling a Jack and Diet in one hand and leaning close to some dude with bright blond tips who's got a hand on Jensen's shoulder. Even from where he is, through the fog and the darkness, Jared can see the guy sizing Jensen up, eyes moving quickly, almost frantically, from Jensen's mouth to the open button of his black, collared shirt before focusing on Jensen's eyes real hard, like he's listening intently to whatever it is Jensen's talking about.
Jared's pretty sure the guy's about to make a move, and his hand is still on Jensen's shoulder.
He leaves his drink on the empty table, schools his face into something resembling a smile, and pushes through the crowd, finally coming to a stop right beside Jensen's chair. He bends down to grab the drink out of Jensen's hand, letting his thighs rest against Jensen's side, and feels a little kick when Jensen doesn't move away from the contact.
He sucks about half of Jensen's drink down in one go, feeling Jensen's eyes on him the whole time, before bending down low enough that Blondie has to move his damn hand off Jensen's shoulder to get out of Jared's way.
"This place is lame," Jared yells over the thumping bass. He gives Blondie a pointed glare. "Let's get the fuck out of here. Go home; maybe play some Guitar Hero before bed."
Jensen's eyebrows scrunch together with confusion. He gives his watch a pointed look, and for a second Jared thinks he's gonna turn him down, and then Jared's gonna feel really fucking stupid. Jensen, though, just gives Jared a nod, confusion still written all over his stupidly pretty face.
Jared doesn't even bother hiding his predatory smile as Jensen shakes Blondie's hand and stands up. For a brief second, Jared stays put, so Jensen's chest brushes against his. They leave without telling anyone goodbye, and Jared keeps his hand on Jensen's shoulder. It's easy to get lost in this crowd.
Once outside, Jensen says, real quiet, "You gotta stop doing this, man," but Jared makes a big show of trying to locate his cell phone, and pretends like he can't hear him above the quiet of the parking lot.
Last week Jared had tried to think of a tactful way to ask Jensen if he had suddenly turned gay.
The conversation had gone something like this:
Jared: You got anything you wanna tell me?
Jensen: You have a specific topic in mind, Jay, or are we going off the cusp?
Jared: Guys.
Jensen: You want to talk about guys.
Jared: Well, I was actually thinking maybe you wanted to talk about 'em.
Jensen: You want me to talk about guys.
Jared: Only if you want to.
Jensen: Did you fall down and hurt your brain?
And Jensen had looked at him like he'd maybe grown another head, but with this smirk playing around his mouth, like he knew something Jared didn't, which was obviously the case. Finally, Jared had just mumbled never mind and pretended he was real interested in the fried chicken being served for lunch, not at all paying attention to the way Jensen's fingers curled around a carrot stick. Jensen let it go with a shrug, for which Jared was mostly grateful.
This time, after he untangles himself from some girl named Chrissy or Misty or Erin at the bar to find yet another empty table, he's not really even surprised to spot Jensen crowded into a corner, a guy a little taller than him with a red baseball cap and narrow hips nodding thoughtfully down at Jensen.
Jared's all set to swoop in, Jensen's fucking white knight, but he hesitates for just a minute. Jensen's got his back pressed against the corner wall, a Labbatt Blue neon light right above his head that shines brightly on him, highlighting his face as his eyes narrow thoughtfully at the guy. Jensen's shoulders are broader than the guy's, and he could easily take him down with one well-aimed right hook. But what happens is this:
The guy fakes a shove from someone behind him. It's not a good fake, he's not being subtle about it, and suddenly Jensen's got a chest full of dude, and their hips are lined up pretty neatly. Instead of taking a swing though, Jensen reaches out to steady him, big hands that Jared has seen wield a hammer and cock a gun and caress movie scripts like they were a woman's thigh - one of those hands curls briefly against the guy's hip.
They really look like they're gonna go for it. Jared can see how it'll play out. Jensen's mouth'll twist in a quirky grin, and his laugh'll rumble out. The guy'll bend low, maybe whisper something inane, something like you wanna get out'a here? and Jensen won't even hesitate before he nods.
They'll go back to the guy's place, because Jensen can't really risk bringing some dude home to his condo, and the guy'll have black cotton sheets that he'll spread Jensen out on, all pale, freckled skin; he'll probably suck Jensen's cock and kiss his mouth and tell him how fucking hot he is. Maybe he'll even fuck Jensen, get him on all fours and slide slick and greedy into him.
Jared gets all that from Jensen's hand resting briefly on the guy's hip, and when Misty or Chrissy or whatever the fuck her name is walks by, he takes her up on the offer in her pretty red smile.
Twenty minutes later, she's on her knees in front of him, kneeling on his jacket so her skin doesn't get scraped up (he can be a gentlemen, too, he thinks), and he tries really hard to keep his eyes open, to stare at the top of her head bobbing up and down, so he doesn't let his eyelids drop to the image of needy green eyes as his orgasm cuts through him.
When he finally exits the bathroom, he's not surprised to find that Jensen's long gone.
Two days later they're on set, in the makeup trailer alone because Jeanie stepped out five minutes ago, and Jared's never been good at keeping his mouth shut.
"What the fuck happened to you at Jack's?"
Jensen's examining himself in the mirror, electric razor buzzing as he gets ready to give himself his usual Dean-stubble. He glances over at Jared, all wide-eyed confusion. "What are you talking about?"
"Where'd you go?"
"I went home, dude. Anyway, I think the important question is where did you go?" Jensen turns back and brings the razor up to his cheek, though his eyes stay focused on Jared in the mirror.
Jared gives a noncommittal answer. That's not the important question at all. The important question is this: "Did you let him fuck you?"
Jared can see Jensen's reflection. He watches Jensen's eyes go a fraction bigger and watches Jensen's mouth thin into a straight line. Jensen switches the razor off, and the silence in the trailer is loud.
"Who's him?" Jensen asks, but even through the mirror, Jared can tell Jensen's aiming for casual and missing the mark.
"Look," Jared hisses, whispering furiously in case any interested party is eavesdropping outside. "If you're having a big gay epiphany, maybe you ought to let me know, that's all I'm saying."
Jensen whirls around. He's still holding the razor. Jared watches him swallow. What Jensen says is something of a shock. "Why the fuck is it any of your business?" he asks, and his tone is perfectly even, like he's asking Jared about the weather.
Jared feels like he got punched. He feels like he got the wind knocked out of him. The anger rises up quickly. "Are you kidding? If my co-star suddenly decides he likes riding dick and then goes out to bars in Vancouver like it's fucking West Hollywood, I think I have a right to know."
Jensen stares at him for a moment. Jared almost wants him to throw a punch, but Jensen just turns back to the mirror and flips on the razor again. Above the buzzing, he says, "I wouldn’t have expected you to be such a homophobic prick, man," like he's disappointed.
"Yeah, why the hell not?"
In the mirror, Jensen meets his eyes again. "You figure it out," he says, like that's any sort of answer. He moves his gaze back to the mirror and lifts his chin a little to make his neck taut. Jared's about to ask him what the fuck he's supposed to figure out, but Jeanie comes back in with a tubful of fake blood and orders Jared to sit down before he can say anything at all.
Jared feels like he's missing something really important, but he can't figure out what it is.
They got to set at noon and stayed 'til eleven, and most of the shoot was spent running from point A to point B thirty six times, all the while reciting nearly eight pages of dialog.
After his shower, Jared brings a peace offering in the form of a joint to Jensen's trailer, and they smoke it, hotboxing in the freezing car before they go meet up with Welling and Steve, a pretty regular director on Smallville.
Jensen and Jared are in the booth by themselves, both with a bottle of pretentious imported beer in front of them. Welling's going through a pretty messy divorce and he's always got his phone pressed up against his ear with his publicist or his manager or his soon-to-be ex-wife yelling at him through the ear piece, trying to keep his name out of the rags. Twenty minutes ago he excused himself with a put upon sigh, glancing glumly at his vibrating cell. Steve's over at the pool table chatting up a hot little number who's pretty much crushing him at a game of eight ball. Jared and Jensen are both enjoying the show.
The place isn't too crowded, just after midnight on a Tuesday night, and Jared lets his thighs fall open heavily, no big deal, until he's pressed right up against Jensen. This isn't anything new – touching, comfortable with one another. He's feeling loose and pretty fucking high, and his hand sort of falls on Jensen's leg, where the muscle's real hard. And yeah, that's maybe a little bit new.
Beside him, it's like Jensen has stopped breathing, and Jared's own chest feels packed tight with cotton, like every time he takes a breath, he's getting no oxygen at all. He moves his hand, just a little, like maybe he's gonna pull back but doesn’t and instead ends up smoothing his fingertips across Jensen's expensive designer jeans. Jensen's thigh is hot and stiff, and out of the corner of his eye, Jared can see Jensen blinking quickly.
Welling plops down across from them and Jared pulls away so fast he thinks maybe he's strained a muscle. "Fucking women," Welling murmurs. "You two wanna hit some Cuervo?"
Jared shakes his head quickly, feeling his face heat up. He blinks thickly and thinks, fuck. It's a second before he can trust his voice to speak.
"No, man," he can hear Jensen answer. "I, uh, got an early call tomorrow. Think I'm gonna head out. Rain check?"
Welling looks a little disappointed, but he doesn't put up a fuss. He hoists his eyebrows up into his hairline and casts a look at Jared. "Jay, man, you up for some booze?"
Jared shakes his head. He can feel Jensen's eyes on him. "I'm gonna call it a night, too." He forces himself to meet Jensen's eyes. "Can you give me a ride?"
Jensen licks his lips thoughtfully, and Jared feels heat sweep across the back of his neck. He's more than a little relieved when Jensen agrees with a slow nod.
"Suit yourselves, fuckin' pussies," Welling says good-naturedly, and he's up and out of the booth, yelling something to Steve about needing a real man to hang out with.
Jensen's car still smells like weed. The radio's on low when the engine starts up, but Jensen cranks the volume up, probably so they won't have to talk. Jared stares out the window and watches the snowy night glide by, moonlight that glints off wet, brown slush, and misses Texas so quickly and fiercely he has to hold his breath to keep from making a sound.
It's a fifteen minute drive to Jared's place, and before Jensen even has the car thrown into park, Jared looks at him with his eyebrows raised up and says, "You comin' in?"
The engine shuts off, and their feet make crunching noises in the snow on the way to Jared's garage, where he punches in the code.
Sadie and Harley greet them both with a whole lot of enthusiasm, and to distract himself, Jared makes a big show of filling both their water dishes. He watches out of the corner of his eye as Jensen bends down to whisper, "Hey, girl, how are ya?" real low, right in Sadie's dog-breathy face.
After Sadie and Harley bound out the sliding back door, and Jared flips on the kitchen light and grabs two beers out of the fridge, handing one silently over to Jensen, he presses his back against the counter and forces himself to meet Jensen's eyes.
Jensen opens his mouth like he wants to say something, but shuts it quickly. He slips off his jacket and seems very, very invested in hanging it smoothly over the back of one of the stools pushed up against the granite island in the middle of the kitchen.
Jared takes a sip from his beer and watches Jensen. Finally, Jensen sighs. He brings his gaze up and meets Jared's eyes across the expanse of the kitchen. His beer sits unopen on the counter. "We gonna talk about it?"
"Did you go home with him?" Jared asks, almost immediately. There's no use pretending it hasn't been weighing heavily on his mind all night.
This time, Jensen doesn't fake like he's clueless. "Would it matter if I did?"
Jared shrugs and scrapes at the label of his bottle with a blunt fingernail.
Jensen says, "Jay?"
Jared shrugs again. "It might matter," he mumbles. "Did you?"
There's a long pause before Jensen finally says, "No, I didn't," and Jared feels himself release a breath he didn't know he was holding.
Jensen continues, "I'm not saying I maybe didn't want to, but – "
"But what?" Jared feels like he's hanging on every word now. He lifts his gaze away from his beer bottle to find Jensen's eyes are heavy on him.
"Jesus, Jay, if you haven't figured it out by now…."
"So you are having a big gay epiphany."
Jensen gives a laugh that sounds a little like it hurts. "Might be," he says. "Would it matter to you?"
Jared abandons his beer on the counter and shifts forward, leaning onto his elbows over the island and looking Jensen square in the face. "'Course it would matter," he says.
Jared pushes himself away from the island and moves the three steps it takes to stand in front of Jensen. Jensen has to tilt his head back a little to meet Jared's eyes, and Jared lets a small smile twist his lips. He says, "If you haven't figured that out by now," and watches Jensen nod almost imperceptibly to himself, as if making a decision.
The thing about Jensen is, once he's made a decision, he doesn't do it half-assed. That's something that Jared really, really likes about him.
The first kiss isn't like any first kiss he's ever had, but then again, Jared's never kissed a dude before. Jensen's lips are hard, and he tastes a lot like beer and a little like pot. His shoulders are wide and his hands are big. There's stubble and a hard chest that pushes up against Jared, and Jared's whole body trips to hard fuck yes now faster than he can beg for it.
He's actually pretty damn surprised they make it to his bedroom. Jensen makes these sounds, these rumbly sex-sounds, half frustrated, half breathy come ons, and Jared sets out to map all his freckles, intent on seeing how many noises he can wring from Jensen's throat.
They don't even bother to get naked before their dicks are lined up, and it's the friction that sets them off. Jensen has one big sweaty hand wrapped around them both, and Jared slides through it, cock leaking pre-come, as he tries to kiss Jensen but ends up pretty much just breathing against his mouth as he pushes his hips frantically against Jensen, too turned on to do more than squeeze his eyes shut and stutter Jensen's name.
The orgasm comes fast and quick, and it feels like he's been waiting on it forever. It leaves him sagging bonelessly against Jensen's body, too blissed out to even do more than clean them up with a discarded t-shirt before falling fast asleep, his arm thrown casually over Jensen's shining chest.
Jared wakes up to an empty spot beside him in his big bed. Even with the blankets pulled up around him like someone tucked him in, he feels cold. He spends the morning in his guestroom turned gym, alternating between wanting to throw up and worried that maybe, for Jensen, the big gay epiphany is over, even though Jared feels like for him it's just begun.
He's due on set at eleven, and because he and Jensen live so far away from each other, they rarely get to ride into work together anymore. Sally picks him up at 10:30, and Jared sits in the back, pretending to study his script so he doesn't have to talk.
They pull into the lot at five 'til eleven. When Jared walks into his trailer, Jensen's already there, sitting on his couch. Jared feels a smile break on his face before he thinks better of it. Maybe Jensen's here to tell him they made a mistake, but the way he quickly stands and nervously wipes his hand on his thigh tells Jared something else. Jared lets his smile linger. The thing about Jensen, Jared figures, is that he knows Jared better than just about anyone else.
Jensen smiles back. "You figure it out?" he says.
Jared nods.
Current Mood: awake
fic,
fic - j2
destina
Love love love love love love LOVE LOVE LOVE THIS. *glee* Love Jared all jealous and protective; love Jensen sort of rolling with it, until he gets sharp around the edges about it. And love Jared, Mr. Epiphany, dorking his way through it all until they finally manage to get on the same page. LOVE LOVE LOVE! \o/!
*bounces around and around* Thank you, hon. I sort of adore Jared all jealous, too. Bless him. THANK YOU SO MUCH. I'm so glad you liked!
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Keepin' it 1600
By The Ringer
What's Keepin' it 1600 about?
Four former aides to President Obama — Jon Favreau, Dan Pfeiffer, Jon Lovett, and Tommy Vietor — host a biweekly Ringer podcast to discuss the political world, analyze the Trump presidency, and welcome commentary from journalists and politicians.
Ep. 62: The Road Ahead in 2017
Jon Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer reflect on the year that was and set their sights on the year to come in their last episode of 2016 (1:30). They also bring on Brian Beutler of the New Republic to further reflect ...
Keepin' it 1600 episodes:
Ep. 61: Merry Electoral College Day With Ana Navarro
Jon Favreau, Jon Lovett, and Tommy Vietor discuss Monday's Electoral College vote (0:45), Trump's press party at Mar-a-Lago (14:03), and the GOP power grab in North Carolina (23:29). Then, they call Republican strategist Ana Navarro (34:48) to discuss what both ...
Ep. 60: ‘Keepin' It 1600’ Special Co-Podcast With Chuck Todd
Jon Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer discuss Trump's 'Vanity Fair' beef (6:00), Putin's role in the hacking (17:00), and Trump's tech summit (20:00). Then, 'Meet the Press' moderator Chuck Todd teams up with Jon and Dan for a special co-pod to ...
Ep. 59: Evan McMullin and Russian Hacking
Jon Favreau, Jon Lovett, and Tommy Vietor discuss reports that the CIA believes Russian hackers were trying to help Trump win the election and Trump’s nomination of Exxon CEO Rex Tillerson to be secretary of state. Then they’re joined by ...
Ep. 58: Scott Pruitt, Time's "Person of the Year," and Jason Kander
Jon Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer discuss Scott Pruitt's nomination for EPA administrator (2:35), Trump's fight with a union local president (14:35), and Time's "Person of the Year" (24:13). Then, Jason Kander, Missouri's secretary of state, joins the show to discuss ...
Ep. 57: Trump and China, Obamacare, and Ana Marie Cox
Jon Favreau, Jon Lovett, and Tommy Vietor discuss Trump's budding relationship with China (0:40), Al Gore's meeting with Ivanka on climate change (16:20), and efforts to repeal Obamacare (23:57). Then they call Ana Marie Cox of MTV to talk about ...
Ep. 56: Donald's Deal, Obama's Optimism, and Louisiana Senate Candidate Foster Campbell
Jon Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer discuss Trump’s Carrier deal (00:55) and his Goldman Sachs Cabinet (16:38), Barack Obama's Rolling Stone interview (23:53), and what the voice of the Democratic Party should sound like in the Trump era (35:33). Then, Louisiana's ...
Ep. 55: American Kleptocracy, Romney's Revenge, and the Recount
Jon Favreau, Jon Lovett, and Tommy Vietor reflect on their failed efforts to avoid Twitter on Thanksgiving, and then cover Trump’s conflicts of interest (4:05), the unprecedented campaign against Mitt Romney for secretary of state (18:45), and Trump’s (latest) tantrum ...
Ep. 54: Ugh 'Hamilton,' Trump’s Swamp, and Congressman Keith Ellison
Jon Favreau, Jon Lovett, and Tommy Vietor discuss the Great 'Hamilton' Debate of 2016 (1:25), Trump’s mounting business conflicts (9:27), and how Democrats can fight back (13:10). Then they call Minnesota Congressman Keith Ellison to discuss the future of the ...
Ep. 53: Trump's Transition, Fake News, and Robert Gibbs
Jon Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer talk about Trump's rumored Muslim registry (2:30), the latest transition developments (5:50), and the problem of “fake news” (16:50). Then, they call former White House press secretary Robert Gibbs to discuss presidential transitions (37:48), press ...
Ep. 52: Trump's Appointments, the Democrats’ Next Steps, and Sabrina Siddiqui on Covering Trump
Jon Favreau, Jon Lovett, and Tommy Vietor discuss the hiring of Stephen Bannon (5:05), President-elect Trump's potential Cabinet (13:24), and President Obama's role in the conversation after the election (29:50). The Guardian’s Sabrina Siddiqui joins to discuss how the press ...
Ep. 51: Moving Forward With Alyssa Mastromonaco
Jon Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer talk about trusting the polls (4:00) and where we go from here (14:40). Then, they call Alyssa Mastromonaco of Vice Media to discuss her article "A Letter to Young Women: How We Will All Move ...
Ep. 50: The Day After
Jon Favreau, Jon Lovett, and Tommy Vietor talk about how they were wrong, what happened, what it all means, and what comes next after the election of Donald Trump.
Ep. 49: The Night Before Election Day With David Plouffe and Addisu Demissie
Jon Favreau, Jon Lovett, and Tommy Vietor give an update on the state of the race, and the latest (and hopefully last) letter from James Comey. Obama campaign guru David Plouffe joins to give his predictions (23:15), followed by a ...
Ep. 48: 'Keepin' It 1600' Live From Drew University
Jon Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer address peak bed-wetting, the media's coverage of the race, how Hillary or Trump might govern, and more live from Drew University's Concert Hall.
Ep. 47: Emails, Early Vote, and Pete Williams
Dan Pfeiffer, Jon Lovett, and Tommy Vietor break down the FBI director’s letter to Congress on the Clinton email investigation and the criticism he’s faced (2:00). NBC News justice correspondent Pete Williams joins the show to walk through everything we ...
Ep. 46: 'Keepin' It 1600' Live! With Jon Favreau, Dan Pfeiffer, Tommy Vietor, and Jon Lovett
The Ringer's Jon Favreau, Dan Pfeiffer, Tommy Vietor, and Jon Lovett report live from Cinefamily in Los Angeles to discuss all things Election 2016 and take questions from the audience.
Ep. 45: Are We There Yet? And Redistricting With Mitch Stewart
Jon Favreau, Jon Lovett, and Tommy Vietor discuss the strangely calm final stretch of the 2016 election, and Obama campaign guru Mitch Stewart joins the podcast to discuss the impact of redistricting as well as early voting (33:25).
Ep. 44: Third-Debate Fallout, and What's Next for the GOP?
Jon Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer discuss Trump's refusal to accept the election results (6:00), Marco Rubio's cowardice (20:00), the future of the GOP (32:00), and the awkwardness of the Al Smith dinner (32:45).
Ep. 43: Final Presidential Debate Live After-Show With Kristen Soltis Anderson
Jon Favreau, Jon Lovett, and Tommy Vietor, with help from Republican pollster Kristen Soltis Anderson, discuss all the notable moments from the final showdown between Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton.
Ep. 42: Trump’s Rigged Election, WikiLeaks, and Downballot Races with Dave Wasserman
Jon Favreau, Tommy Vietor, and Jon Lovett discuss Trump’s accusations of a rigged election (3:08), the ongoing WikiLeaks email dump (13:30), the state of the GOP (23:30), and talk to Dave Wasserman of 'The Cook Political Report’ about downballot races ...
Ep. 41: Trump’s Implosion, the GOP Civil War, and Qriously’s Battleground Poll
Jon Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer discuss the fallout from the second debate (8:00), the GOP civil war (13:00), and the state of the race (33:00). Then, the Qriously polling team joins (36:00) to discuss the results of the inaugural “Qriously–Keepin’ ...
Ep. 40: Second Presidential Debate Live After-Show
The Ringer's Jon Favreau, Tommy Vietor, and Jon Lovett are LIVE post-debate with The Daily Beast's Olivia Nuzzi to discuss the many fascinating moments of the second presidential debate between Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump.
Ep. 39: Town Hall Debate Strategy and Covering Trump With Katy Tur
Jon Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer discuss the aftermath of the VP debate (10:00), and the upcoming town hall debate between Hillary and Trump (14:00). Then, NBC News correspondent Katy Tur joins (22:30) to talk covering the Trump campaign (28:00), the ...
Ep. 38: VP Debate React and State of the Race
The Ringer's Jon Favreau, Tommy Vietor, and Jon Lovett react to the VP debate and then provide an update on the campaign, including the pollercoaster (20:00), Trump's taxes (26:00), the problems with punditry (31:00), and the upcoming town hall debate ...
Ep. 37: Trump Post-Debate and Polling Models With Harry Enten
Jon Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer discuss Trump's response to the first debate (6:00), and what both candidates need to do in the second debate (26:00). Then, Harry Enten, senior political writer and analyst for FiveThirtyEight, joins to talk about polling ...
Ep. 36: First Debate Live! With Jessica Yellin and Tim Miller
The Ringer's Jon Favreau, Tommy Vietor, and Jon Lovett are joined by Jessica Yellin and Tim Miller to react to the first presidential election between Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump.
Ep. 35: Trump's Town Hall and Hillary's Debate Strategy
Jon Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer discuss Donald Trump's tone-deaf town hall event with Sean Hannity (8:00), George H.W. Bush's support for Hillary Clinton (19:00), an update on the polls post-birtherism (26:00), prep for Monday's debate(34:00), and Hillary's debate strategy (47:00).
Ep. 34: Birtherism and Debating Debates With Jake Tapper
Jon Favreau, Tommy Vietor, and Jon Lovett examine Donald Trump's birtherism announcement and how it affects the upcoming debate. Then Jake Tapper of CNN joins to discuss his experiences as a debate moderator, as well as the importance of fact-checking.
Ep. 33: The Poller Coaster With David Plouffe and Media Coverage With Glenn Thrush
Jon Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer bring on former Obama campaign manager David Plouffe to discuss the incessant bed-wetting over recent media polls and the three biggest moments remaining in the election. Then, Politico's Glenn Thrush joins to offer his thoughts ...
Ep. 32: Clinton's Pneumonia, Trump’s Foundation, and Julia Ioffe
Jon Favreau, Tommy Vietor, and Jon Lovett discuss Clinton's pneumonia, “deplorables,” and the Trump Foundation scandal. Then Julia Ioffe, a contributor at Politico and Foreign Policy, calls in to discuss Vladimir Putin's role in the election.
Ep. 31: Clinton-Trump Forum, Clinton's Press Conference, and Battleground States With Mitch Stewart
Jon Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer discuss the Clinton-Trump forum with Matt Lauer (8:00), the caricature of Hillary Clinton (21:00), and Hillary's decision to hold a press conference (31:00). Then, former Battleground States Director for the Obama for America campaign Mitch ...
Ep. 30: Trump’s Pay-to-Play, Media Bias, and Hillary’s Emails
The Ringer's Jon Favreau, Tommy Vietor, and Jon Lovett discuss the week in politics by breaking down Donald Trump’s pay-to-play scandal, debating the fairness of recent media coverage, and dissecting what’s so secret about Hillary Clinton’s emails.
Ep. 29: Trump: From Mexico to Arizona
Jon Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer discuss Donald Trump's trip to Mexico on Wednesday and his immigration speech at a rally in Phoenix that night. Then, they talk poll numbers and consider why Hillary Clinton's lead has narrowed. Later, Mark Leibovich, ...
Ep. 28: Early Week Edition With Jon Lovett, Tommy Vietor, and Jessica Yellin
Jon Favreau, Jon Lovett, and Tommy Vietor discuss the curious case of Donald Trump's personal physician, Dr. Harold Bornstein (6:00), and Trump's response to the death of Dwyane Wade's cousin, Nykea Aldridge (14:00), and look ahead to Trump-Hillary debate scenarios ...
Ep. 27: Trump's Immigration Policy and Clinton Press Strategy With Jamelle Bouie
The Ringer's Jon Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer discuss Trump's immigration policy (12:00), Kellyanne Conway's MSNBC showdown (18:00), and the Clinton press strategy (29:30). Then, Slate's chief political correspondent, Jamelle Bouie, joins (41:40) to give his thoughts on the "alt-right" and ...
Ep. 26: Bonus Episode with Liz Meriwether, Jon Lovett, and Tommy Vietor
Jon Favreau, Jon Lovett, and Tommy Vietor on Trump’s immigration pivot (2:00), the Clinton Foundation controversy (15:30), and how the Obama White House dealt with the conspiracy theory that the president grew up Muslim (24:00). Then, 'New Girl' creator Liz ...
Ep. 25: Trump's Shake-up With Alex Wagner
The Ringer's Jon Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer discuss Paul Manafort's Russian connections (6:00), Donald Trump's campaign shake-up with Roger Ailes and Steve Bannon (15:00), and Hillary's vigor vs. Trump's conspiracies (27:00). Then, Atlantic senior editor Alex Wagner joins (37:50) to ...
Ep. 24: Trump's Non-Pivot, the Electoral Map, and Mike Murphy
The Ringer's Jon Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer discuss Donald Trump's refusal to pivot (12:00), Hillary Clinton's Republican endorsements (25:00), and an update on the state of the electoral map (30:00). Then, Republican political consultant Mike Murphy joins to give his ...
Ep. 23: Trump's Bubble, GOPers for Hillary, and the "Poller Coaster"
The Ringer's Jon Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer discuss Donald Trump's bizarre six days, including his spat with Khizr Khan, his refusal to endorse Paul Ryan and John McCain, and him eating KFC with utensils. Then, they dive into the possibility ...
Ep. 22: DNC Recap With Joel Benenson
Jon Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer weigh in on Bill Clinton, Bloomberg, Biden, Kaine, and Obama at the DNC (6:00). Plus, Joel Benenson, chief strategist for Hillary Clinton's 2016 presidential campaign, joins the show to discuss Clinton's speech and the polls ...
Ep. 21: DNC Midweek Check-in With Jon Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer
The Ringer's Jon Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer discuss the bed-wetting over the Trump bump in the "pollercoaster," the Democratic National Committee email leaks (12:00), the "Bernie or Bust" booing (17:00), the performances of Cory Booker, Elizabeth Warren, and Bernie Sanders ...
Ep. 20: Final Republican Convention Recap With Jon Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer
Back from Cleveland, The Ringer's Jon Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer discuss topics from this week's RNC in Cleveland, including Mike Pence (1:30), Ted Cruz's refusal to endorse (5:30), Trump's children's speeches (26:00), and whether Trump's dark speech was effective (40:00). ...
Ep. 19: RNC Midweek Check-in With Jon Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer
The Ringer's Jon Favreau is joined by Dan Pfeiffer on the scene in Cleveland to discuss Melania Trump's plagiarism (6:00), Donald Trump's poor performance with Republican women (14:00), Donald Trump Jr.'s stance against elitism (21:00), Paul Ryan's half-hearted speech (31:00), ...
Ep. 18: Last Week’s Violence, the 'Pollercoaster,' and VP Selection With Alyssa Mastromonaco
The Ringer's Jon Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer offer up their thoughts on the reactions to last week’s tragedies in Baton Rouge, Falcon Heights, and Dallas; take stock of the continued swings in the polling numbers; and discuss Trump's rumored VP ...
Ep. 17: The FBI and Clinton's Email, Trump Praises Saddam Hussein, and Obama Is Back on the Trail
The Ringer's Jon Favreau calls in from Washington, D.C., to discuss this week's big news with Dan Pfeiffer. They talk about the outcome of the FBI investigation into Hillary Clinton's emails, Trump and the Republican Party's response, and what it ...
Ep. 16: Stuart Stevens, Brexit and Trump, Clinton and Warren
The Ringer's Jon Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer discuss the Brexit and Trump's reaction to it. Then, they talk about Trump’s trade speech, Hillary’s campaigning with possible running mate Elizabeth Warren, and why Bernie Sanders hasn’t yet endorsed the Democratic nominee. ...
Ep. 15: Political Correspondent Maggie Haberman, the House Sit-in, and Clinton vs. Trump
The Ringer's Jon Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer discuss yesterday's all-nighter on the Hill and their thoughts on gun-control efforts by both parties (1:00). The hosts move on to this week's speeches by both front-runners and Marco Rubio's announcement that he ...
Ep. 14: Hillary vs. Trump on Foreign Policy With Jeffrey Goldberg
The Ringer's Jon Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer discuss the Orlando tragedy (2:00), Donald Trump's response and the political fallout (18:00), Hillary Clinton's speech (26:00), and the focus on the phrase "radical Islam" (35:00). Then, national correspondent for 'The Atlantic' Jeffrey ...
Ep. 13: David Plouffe, Hillary’s Win, and Trump’s Bad Week
Jon Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer discuss Hillary Clinton becoming the presumptive Democratic nominee (01:00), Bernie Sanders’s future and Obama’s endorsement (28:00), and the possibility that Donald Trump won't be the Republican nominee (32:00). Then former Obama senior adviser David Plouffe ...
Other shows like Keepin' it 1600:
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Bannon Talks Elections, Vampires And More
Mueller’s Russia-Trump probe Completed And Delivered!
America Speaks: ‘AOC Sucks’
Trump BLASTS ‘Weirdo’ Who ‘Didn’t Have the Guts’...
Celeb Says US ‘More Traumatizing’ Than A Cult
BREAKING: YouTube BANS Thousands of ‘Right-Wing’ Channels
School To Spend More Than $50K Over Imaginary...
US Navy Has A Plan For UFOs
Joe Biden’s Pathetic NON-Apology
CNN Actually Asked This Racist Question
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Confirmed: Biden On Ukrainian Pay Roll
White, Male Democrat Thinks He’s A Minority
Ocasio-Cortez Hit With Major Wake Up Call
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Democrats Go Full ‘Stone Cold CRAZY’
Mueller's Russia-Trump probe Completed And Delivered!
It's finally over.
Image credit: NBC News
It’s finally over.
Special counsel Robert Mueller on Friday turned over his long-awaited final report on the contentious Russia investigation that has cast a dark shadow over Donald Trump’s presidency, entangled Trump’s family and resulted in criminal charges against some of the president’s closest associates.
The comprehensive report, still confidential, marks the end of Mueller’s probe but sets the stage for big public fights to come. The next steps are up to Trump’s attorney general, to Congress and, in all likelihood, federal courts.
The Justice Department said the report was delivered by a security officer Friday afternoon to the office of Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein, and then it went to Attorney General William Barr. Word of the delivery triggered reactions across Washington, including Democrats’ demands that it be released publicly before long and Republicans’ contentions that it ended two years of wasted time and money.
Barr released a letter noting his plans to write his own account of Mueller’s findings. The White House released a statement saying it had not seen or been briefed on the special counsel’s document.
What happens next is “up to Attorney General Barr,” said White House spokeswoman Sarah Sanders.
Barr said he could send his account to Congress quickly.
“I am reviewing the report and anticipate that I may be in a position to advise you of the special counsel’s principal conclusions as soon as this weekend,” Barr said in his letter the top Republicans and Democrats on the House and Senate Judiciary committees. He pledged a commitment to transparency.
The attorney general said the Justice Department had not denied any request from the special counsel, something Barr would have been required to disclose to Congress to ensure there was no political inference in the independent probe.
With no details released at this point, it’s not known whether Mueller’s report answers the core questions of his investigation: Did Trump’s campaign collude with the Kremlin to sway the 2016 presidential election in favor of the celebrity businessman? Also, did Trump take steps later, including by firing his FBI director, to obstruct the probe?
But the delivery of the report does mean the investigation has concluded without any public charges of a criminal conspiracy between the campaign and Russia, or of obstruction by the president. Mueller is not recommending any further indictments in the Russia probe, a Justice Department official confirmed Friday. That person, who described the document as “comprehensive,” was not authorized to discuss the probe and asked for anonymity.
It’s unclear what steps Mueller will take if he uncovered what he believes to be criminal wrongdoing by Trump, in light of Justice Department legal opinions that have held that sitting presidents may not be indicted.
The mere delivery of a confidential report set off immediate demands from Democrats for full release of Mueller’s findings.
House Speaker Nancy Pelosi and Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer declared it “imperative” to make the full report public.
The top congressional Democrats said, “The American people have a right to the truth.”
Democrats also expressed concern that Trump would try to get a “sneak preview” of the findings.
“The White House must not be allowed to interfere in decisions about what parts of those findings or evidence are made public,” they said in a joint statement.
Barr has said he wants to make as much public as possible, and any efforts to withhold details will prompt a tussle between the Justice Department and lawmakers who may subpoena Mueller and his investigators to testify before Congress. Such a move by Democrats would likely be vigorously contested by the Trump administration.
The conclusion of Mueller’s investigation does not remove legal peril for the president. Trump faces a separate Justice Department investigation in New York into hush money payments during the campaign to two women who say they had sex with him years before the election. He’s also been implicated in a potential campaign finance violation by his former lawyer, Michael Cohen, who says Trump asked him to arrange the transactions. Federal prosecutors, also in New York, have been investigating foreign contributions made to the president’s inaugural committee.
No matter the findings in Mueller’s report, the investigation has already illuminated Russia’s assault on the American political system, painted the Trump campaign as eager to exploit the release of hacked Democratic emails and exposed lies by Trump aides aimed at covering up their Russia-related contacts. Over the 21-month investigation, Mueller has brought charges against 34 people, including six aides and advisers to the president, and three companies.
The special counsel brought a sweeping indictment accusing Russian military intelligence officers of hacking Democrat Hillary Clinton’s campaign and other Democratic groups during the 2016 election. He charged another group of Russians with carrying out a large-scale social media disinformation campaign against the American political process that also sought to help Trump and hurt Clinton.
Closer to the president, Mueller secured convictions against a campaign chairman who cheated banks and dodged his taxes, a national security adviser who lied about his Russian contacts and a campaign aide who misled the FBI about his knowledge of stolen emails.
Cohen, the president’s former lawyer, pleaded guilty in New York to campaign finance violations arising from the hush money payments and in the Mueller probe to lying to Congress about a Moscow real estate deal. Another Trump confidant, Roger Stone, is awaiting trial on charges that he lied about his pursuit of Russian-hacked emails ultimately released by WikiLeaks. It’s unclear whether any of the aides who have been convicted, all of whom have pleaded guilty and cooperated with the investigators, might angle for a pardon. Trump has left open the idea of pardons.
Along the way, Trump lawyers and advisers repeatedly evolved their public defenses to deal with the onslaught of allegations from the investigation. Where once Trump and his aides had maintained that there were no connections between the campaign and Russia, by the end of the probe Trump attorney Rudy Giuliani was routinely making the argument that even if the two sides did collude, it wasn’t necessarily a crime. The goalpost shifting reflected the administration’s challenge in adopting a singular narrative to fend off allegations.
Equally central to Mueller’s work is his inquiry into whether the president tried to obstruct the investigation. Since the special counsel’s appointment in May 2017, Trump has increasingly tried to undermine the probe by calling it a “witch hunt” and repeatedly proclaiming there was “NO COLLUSION” with Russia. But Trump also took certain acts as president that caught Mueller’s attention and have been scrutinized for possible obstruction.
One week before Mueller’s appointment, Trump fired FBI Director James Comey, later saying he was thinking of “this Russia thing” at the time.
He mercilessly harangued Attorney General Jeff Sessions for recusing from the Russia investigation two months before Mueller was named special counsel, a move that left the president without a perceived loyalist atop the probe. And he helped draft a misleading statement on Air Force One as a Trump Tower meeting between his eldest son and a Kremlin-connected lawyer was about to become public.
The meeting itself became part of Mueller’s investigation, entangling Donald Trump Jr. in the probe. Mueller’s team also interviewed the president’s son-in-law, Jared Kushner, multiple times.
Even as Trump blasted Mueller’s team, his White House and campaign produced thousands of documents for the special counsel, and dozens of his aides were interviewed. The president submitted written answers to Mueller regarding the Russia investigation, but he refused to be interviewed
Src: Yahoo
I Curse Mueller, Comey, Obama, the Clinton’s and anyone else involved in Stabbing the American citizens in the back – that their whole family, every man woman and child has a lifetime of misery.
Hillary and Whore-hound Bill should be in Prison.
kessa starr says:
The biggest whore sits in the white house currently. Our beautiful First Lady does not deserve witnessing her husband’s infidelity’s in the eyes of her adoring American fans. And how DARE you bring up Clinton? It just further undermines our Presidency. Philanderers need NOT RUN for the presidency. I don’t condone ANY of the president’s behavior. It would be better if we could say it was BEFORE he was elected. But clearly we can’t. EVERYTIME Clinton is brought up, I just remember him putting the women Clinton had tortured up during the debates with Hillary Clinton. (All the while knowing he was a FAT HO, too.) The sooner his presidency ends and we can get in another CONSERVATIVE the BETTER, believe ME! Much love to Melania Trump!
Dennis McLain says:
I sure do hope that if this is an impartial investigation that if they found that the DNC and Hillary had colluded with the Russians or the Ukrainians that it would be in the report for further action of investigation. Also the Uranium One deal that Hillary was involved with selling 20% of our uranium supply to Russia essentially. These are items that should have been found out in this same investigation showing any kind of collusion and also the DNC’s obstruction for the FISA authorization that Rosenstein signed off on.
Here Here! I concur. A thorough and proper investigation this is NOT if the Democrats aren’t held to the same standards. STANDARDS are required and our DOJ best do their JOB and stop working for the highest bidder! DRAIN THE SWAMP and instill people who are transparent. SHOW the PEOPLE EVERYTHING! I have NO FEAR of the president getting in trouble for anything that was NECESSARY to do to HELP keep the SWAMP cleared!
Kathleen Cole says:
“Lock her up” sent shivers down the spines of Hillary Clinton and her accomplices not only for its well-known criminal veracity but also for its imminent probability. ENTER: “The best defense is a good offense,” RUSSIA HYSTERIA. So well have the Democrats run their offense that their opponents seem too worn out to pursue the real criminals!
Now that the Mueller Probe is over Trump NEEDS to seriously clean house of Liberals including the FBI!! FIRE MUELLER and anyone else that’s left from the Obama administration!!!
AND the BUSH/CHENEY ADMINISTRATION too!!! They are good friends now. The Obamas and the Bushes! Mueller was appointed under the Republicans…In fact, I believe the current AG was too. Best get rid of HIM–BARR, too if he doesn’t do what he promised the REPUBLICAN congressmen during his confirmation. ALL of them asked to SEE the REPORT! If he doesn’t show it to them…Kick him out too! They all tend to be SWAMPY, telling the AMerican people that they will show the Report to our REPS but then being secretive. Barr is already rewriting the report! He had to come out with a letter changing his sttemeents to appease the DEMOCRATS, fearful he might have to answer to them! SHOW US THE REPORT…let US the people who voted for Trump protect him. DOJ members appointed by Bush are proving to be SWAMPIER than the DEMS!
mspidge says:
The report might be over, but the dummierats will continue this FOREVER, but of course we already knew that, I thought obnoxious criss was going to have a stroke about it, I tried to watch all of it but I failed, couldn’t take any more of this puck.
Marty says:
This investigation has barely scratched the surface, and the goose-stepping repugnacon “leadership” is nut-less to confront an obviously tragic president. Such corruption is miles deep in this russia/saudi/nkorea hugging debacle. A new wave of progressive Democrats are awakening to punish the guilty and make a real America. Have a nice day.
SL says:
America sadly was asleep for many many years…letting Government get out of control..Americans not doing their homework…now its the Bewitching hour…Trump is cleaning up the Swamp but has a fight still ahead. I feel he will win gloriously for 2020…..This President has certainly earned his Presidential seal. Its only the approval of more Americans that are on on the Dark side yet that need to be converted to the truth.
I commented already on some others posts. 1: TRump is not perfect. He has had extramarital affairs, so he should no longer bring up those of others! This keeps him from being focused on the job at hand. DRAINING THE SWAMP. 2: On Draining the Swamp: He has more house cleaning–lots of “Republicans” who need to go. Let’s keep a watch on Barr. He promised the Republicans he’d be open, but already he is putting his own thougths and opinions onto the report WE PAID FOR. Let our ELETCTed Republican politicians do their job in standing by our president. 3:The only way I would throw the towel in on our President is IF he doesn’t get that tax cut in for me and my family. The WALL is a BUST, the Swamp–he’s trying, but again…Barr? Helath care? Yeah! I no longer have to pay that Penalty (socialism–worse than bc that didn’t serve ME!) and TAX CUTS? I am no doofus who believes ALL I hear from the Prez (he’s got to be a bit cocky to get where he is and support those wealthy friends who helped finance his campaign AND the great party (I couldn’t afford to attend) after he was ELECTED!) But I will keep him to his promise that MOST affects me and my family–$$$ Tax CUT for the middle class…GET IT DONE! GET IT DONE! GET IT DONE! (Middle Class Tax Cut!!!!) Now he get’s REELECTED!!!
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London - Head Office
Working in Head Office
Swan House is in a prime west London location, just off Oxford Street, right in the middle of some of the best restaurants and shopping that London has to offer. Bond Street tube is over the road, with Oxford Street and Marble Arch both minutes away, and London Marylebone Station, a 13 minute walk.
This is our secondary head office. Roles here are mainly in property development, finance, acquisition and planning. This is the hub of the property development and construction management side of our business.
If you are searching for service delivery roles at our London properties, please visit the London page.
Property Development and Asset Management
Our London office is in a prime west London location just off Oxford Street. Hyde Park is half a mile away.
The closest car parks are at NCP Welbeck Street, NCP Marble Arch, Q Park Oxford Street and APCOA Marble Arch.
Bond Street tube station is literally just over the road and there are excellent bus links. Marble Arch and Oxford Street stations are both close by.
The building has bicycle storage and showers.
The office is right in the middle of some of the best restaurants and shopping London has to offer.
“The people that thrive here are those that are naturally curious to understand the business.”
Our people Ryan Mahoney Group Financial Controller and Head of Investor Relations
There’s no doubt you’ll have an interesting and varied career at Unite Students, says Ryan Mahoney, Group Financial Controller and Head of Investor Relations.
Ryan Mahoney Group Financial Controller and Head of Investor Relations
I joined Unite Students in October 2014 as Group Reporting Manager and was promoted to Group Financial Controller in November 2015. I originally applied because the sector interested me and I knew that the business had both an operational wing and a real estate development wing, so I thought that joining would offer an interesting and varied career.
Unite Students is definitely more entrepreneurial in its thinking than I expected, which was perhaps more to do with my perceived image of a FTSE 250 business than Unite. The fact that Unite Students is the leading student accommodation provider means that we’re always setting the bar for attainment and service delivery, and this drives the entrepreneurial spirit.
The business is fast-paced and open to opportunities to improve. At its heart it’s a meritocratic organisation – the people that thrive here are those that are naturally curious to understand the business, and enthusiastic to push forward with ideas to continually improve the way we operate and perform in all areas.
The sector, career opportunities and the people are the three main factors that make Unite Students such a great place to work and stay. If you want to be challenged and develop as an individual, Unite Students will be an amazing partner on that journey.
Jobs in London - Head Office
Head of Operational Compliance
Estates Operative
Estates and Maintenance
Estates Engineer - Plumber - London
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INTERNATIONAL | Staff Reporter, Singapore
Weekly Global News Wrap: Domino's driverless delivery car; McDonald's trials ‘green' stores in Canada; Taco Bell US to roll out vegetarian menu
Here is a summary of the most interesting QSR news stories of the week from around the world.
Domino’s US has teamed up with robotics company Nuro to roll out autonomous pizza delivery using the custom driverless car R2. The scheme will be launched later in 2019, after running trials in Houston, Texas since March. Read more here.
McDonald’s is trialling ‘Green Concept’ stores across Canada, in London, Ontario and British Columbia. Innovations include a fully re-pulpable cup for cold beverages, fibre lids, wooden cutlery, wooden stir sticks and paper straws. Read more here.
Taco Bell’s president for North America operations Julie Felss Masino said in an interview with Business Insider that they are eyeing a vegetarian menu launch in the US. He also clarified that a partnership with Beyond Meat and Impossible Foods seemed unlikely. Read more here.
Dunkin' Brands Group has partnered with food delivery firm GrubHub to launch its delivery services across the US. According to a report from Yahoo! Finance, the two companies aims to expand the service to Boston, Chicago and Philadelphia in the coming months. Read more here.
KFC collaborated with Cheetos to unveil its new KFC Cheetos Chicken Sandwich on 1 July nationwide in the US. According to a rep[ort by cnet, the chicken chain will hold a sneak peak in Manhattan, which will include Cheetos hot wings, Cheetos-loaded fries, and Cheetos mac and cheese in the event’s menu. Read more here.
Chick-fil-A saw its rank boost from seventh to being third largest restaurant chain in the US, passing the likes of KFC, Subway and Taco Bell. According to a report by the Washington Post, its store sales were at US$10.46b, trailing behind McDonald’s (US$38.52b) and Starbucks (US$20.49b). Read more here.
Weekly Global News Wrap: Reservations for Taco Bell's hotel sold out; McDonald's to launch two spicy new items; Arby's creates carrots made out of meat
Black Sheep Coffee secures US$16.5m for global expansion
Latest International jobs
View all International jobs
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Collection (x)
Fairfax Media Photographs February 2011 (x)
Showing 1 - 7 of 7 results.
Kirk Hargreaves's Photographs February 2011
Photographs taken by Kirk Hargreaves from The Press in February 2011.
Derek Flynn's Photographs February 2011
Photographs taken by Derek Flynn from The Marlborough Express in February 2011.
Carys Monteath's Photographs February 2011
Photographs taken by Carys Monteath from The Press in February 2011.
Chris Hillock's Photographs February 2011
Photographs taken by Chris Hillock from the Waikato Times in February 2011.
Iain McGregor's Photographs February 2011
Photographs taken by Iain McGregor from The Press in February 2011.
Richard Cosgrove's Photographs February 2011
Photographs taken by Richard Cosgrove from The Press in February 2011.
Giles Brown's Photographs February 2011
Photographs taken by Giles Brown from The Press in February 2011.
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Feb 1, 2011 - Mar 1, 2011
(weeks)
Student Volunteer Army (27)
SVA (22)
ENSOC (5)
Sam Johnston (5)
fire engine (5)
Burwood Park (4)
Kohan McNab (3)
UCSA (3)
Neil Macbeth's Photographs (x)
barbeque (x)
Photograph by Neil Macbeth 379
Student Volunteer Army members enjoying a barbeque lunch break in Burwood Park after clearing liquefaction from properties in the area.
Neil Macbeth
12:26am 2nd March 2011
RedZoneApp, Student Volunteer Army, liquefaction, BBQ, barbeque, Burwood Park, Community, SVA
Student leaders, including UCSA President Kohan McNab and Sam Johnston, head of the Student Volunteer Army, leading students from the University of Canterbury in a two minute silence to remember those who died in the 22 February 2011 earthquake. They have stood on top of the ENSOC fire engine to address the crowd, and the event has been filmed from that vantage point. The students have been enjoying a barbeque lunch break in Burwood Park after volunteering to dig up liquefaction as part of the Student Volunteer Army.
RedZoneApp, Sam Johnston, ENSOC, fire engine, liquefaction, barbeque, Community, Student Volunteer Army
Leader of the Student Volunteer Army, Sam Johnston, speaking to students from on top of the ENSOC fire engine in Burwood Park. The students have been enjoying a barbeque lunch break after volunteering to dig up liquefaction as part of the Student Volunteer Army.
Students from the University of Canterbury lining up for a barbeque lunch. The students have volunteered to dig up liquefaction as part of the Student Volunteer Army.
RedZoneApp, Student Volunteer Army, liquefaction, BBQ, barbeque, Community, SVA
Students from the University of Canterbury lining up for a barbeque lunch break. The students have volunteered to dig up liquefaction as part of the Student Volunteer Army.
USCA President, Kohan McNab, and leader of the Student Volunteer Army, Sam Johnston, on top of the ENSOC fire engine. Behind them, students from the University of Canterbury are enjoying a barbeque lunch break. The students have volunteered to dig up liquefaction as part of the Student Volunteer Army.
RedZoneApp, Kohan McNab, Student Volunteer Army, Sam Johnston, ENSOC, fire engine, liquefaction, barbeque, Community, UCSA
Shovels and wheelbarrows sitting in Burwood Park near students from the University of Canterbury who are enjoying a barbeque. The students have volunteered to dig up liquefaction as part of the Student Volunteer Army.
USCA President, Kohan McNab, and leader of the Student Volunteer Army, Sam Johnston, being filmed on top of the ENSOC fire engine. Below, students from the University of Canterbury are enjoying a barbeque lunch break. The students have volunteered to dig up liquefaction as part of the Student Volunteer Army.
Students from the University of Canterbury enjoying a barbeque lunch break amongst shovels and gumboots. The students have volunteered to dig up liquefaction as part of the Student Volunteer Army.
RedZoneApp, Student Volunteer Army, liquefaction, BBQ, barbeque, shovel, wheelbarrow, Community, SVA
A panorama of students from the University of Canterbury enjoying a barbeque lunch break in Burwood Park. The students have volunteered to dig up liquefaction as part of the Student Volunteer Army.
Students from the University of Canterbury enjoying a barbeque lunch break in Burwood Park amongst their wheelbarrows and shovels. The students have volunteered to dig up liquefaction as part of the Student Volunteer Army.
Students from the University of Canterbury heading back to work after enjoying a barbeque lunch in Burwood Park. The students have volunteered to clear liquefaction from Christchurch properties as part of the Student Volunteer Army.
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Did this actually happen?
March 25, 2007 March 25, 2007 MZP
(I apologize that this is not directly related to the topics I usually cover here. I just had to write about this.)
True story: I am riding a particular downtown subway home, late on a Thursday evening (around 2:30am), all the way from one far-away borough to my home in another. Due to exhaustion and a long subway ride, I fall asleep. Because the subway is almost empty (there are maybe 5 other passengers in the car), I stretch my legs out across the seats next to me.
About five stops from my destination, I am awoken by a tall male cop telling me that “I can’t do that.” In my sleepy state of confusion, I quickly sit up, not knowing what is going on. The police officer then asks me to stand up and step off the train (this is not my final destination). I say with confusion, “Can’t I just go home? I’m only a few stops away.” He repeats, “Please step off the train.”
As I leave the train car and enter the station, I hear a series of gasps behind me, presumably other passengers who are as astonished as I am. The police officer then proceeds to interrogate me, without really explaining the reason I have been removed from the train. As the doors close and the train moves on, I sigh, knowing that this altercation has just added at least 30 minutes to my already long trip home. But my situation only gets worse, as I sit down on a bench and continue to answer the police officers questions: “Where are you going? Where do you live? Do you have identification?”
He begins to talk over his radio, and I still have no idea what is really going on. Three more uniformed police officers come over, and at this point I am surrounded. Now, let me just clarify that I was neither intoxicated nor doing anything more threatening than sleeping on the subway, apparently taking up too much space. Apparently this was enough to warrant the involvement of FOUR police officers.
The cop proceeded with what turned out to be a background check, to see if I had any warrants for my arrest or outstanding tickets. Since when does sleeping on the subway correlate with criminal behavior? I felt completely belittled and distrusted, being treated as a criminal for doing something that I was not even aware was a violation. I finally ask for clarification about what my crime was, and one of the other three cops standing around me shows me his violation book with a paragraph highlighted about taking up more than one subway seat. Never before had I seen anything of the sort listed.
After what felt like a ridiculously long amount of time (and reassurance that in fact, there were no outstanding warrants for my arrest), the cop gave me what he called a “summons,” which amounted to a $50 ticket or an appearance in court. For taking up more than one seat on a mostly empty train at 3am on a weekday. I asked if there was any type of warning for this, since it was my first offense. The cop gruffly responded, this is the warning, it’s either this or arrest. Apparently my offense was agregious enough to merit handcuffs and a lock up.
An hour later, I finally arrive at my apartment, frazzled and full of questions.
Is this really what the NYPD should be spending their time doing?
What risk does taking up more than one seat on the subway really pose? If it is an issue of courtesy, is it really the law enforcement’s place to be forcing courtesy on people by fining them?
FIFTY BUCKS?!?!
Why do officers have to treat people with such disdain and distrust?
Would I have been treated differently if I was a man? If I was dressed differently? If I had cried and begged for forgiveness?
What about all the asshole men on the subway during rush hour with their legs spread wide to discourage someone sitting next to them? Where are their tickets?!?!
Why do I feel so violated?
While this incident is in fact a pretty minor one, it has really made me question the role that the police force plays in society. The police are supposed to make people feel safer, instead, they make me feel guilty (even though most of the time, I’VE DONE NOTHING WRONG). This was true before the subway incident, but it has been extremely exacerabated by this experience. Furthermore, I never felt unsafe on the subway until that night, when I was treated with utter disrespect for the most minor of infractions. How does making everyone feel guilty until proven innocent really make our country a safer place?
I recognize that these issues reflect a larger sense of distrust in our own criminal justice system, and incidences like the Sean Bell shooting only serve to affirm (particularly for people of color and low-income people) that the police should be feared. It’s a sad state of affairs.
And I did some quick google research on similar subway violations–apparently a woman was given a $50 ticket for putting her bag of groceries on the seat next to her on an empty train. She later fought the fine in court and won. Ridiculous.
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11 thoughts on “Did this actually happen?”
MilbyDaniel March 25, 2007 / 3:37 pm
Oh my god!!! That is so INSANE – I”m so sorry you had to go through that. I would be terrified and feel beyond violated if I were in the hands of cops. Fuck the Po-lice.
bean March 26, 2007 / 1:12 pm
This *is* insane. Really offensive. Seems to me like a bunch of cops who have too much macho power and not enough brain cells to use it correctly. Between this and the weekend’s revelation that the cops were spying pre-2004 RNC…ugh. I think MilbyDaniel gets it right. Fuck the po-lice (they’ve got no right to fuck with you).
Justine March 30, 2007 / 1:14 am
Same thing happened to my friend and her husband a couple of weeks ago…each of them fined at about 3am when NO ONE else was on the train…for taking up more than one seat. ummm….wtf. do cops now have quotas for arresting subway riders? scare us up a bit? so ridiculous. why don’t they come on and fine people who take up more than one seat, or make it uncomfortable for others to sit (particularly those individuals who spread their legs unnecessarily widely, and/or put hands on the seats next to them) during rush hour?! when it would actually affect the public good? What train were you on? They were on the N. err, ah…assuming you’re in NY?
Pingback: Update: Subway Ticket Incident « Radical Doula
Kunal Mehta August 31, 2007 / 8:49 am
Believe it or not, I got a similar ticket a few weeks ago for holding the doors open of a subway train when the dorrs were closing. This makes absolutely no sense. NYC cops have absolutely nothing better to do than hand out tickets for petty stuff like this. I pay several tens of thousands of dollars every year in taxes to this city and I am shocked that the city cops treat its citizens like this.
The funny thing is the doors were not closing and when I argued with the cop that how could I hold the doors open if the doors were not closing he simply said “tell that to the judge.” I don;t have time to go talk to the judge because the stupid illeterate puberty police THINKS I was holding the doors open. Now I have $75 ticket.
Lesson learnt: be overly cautious of cops at train stations. Generally speaking cops are here to harass the citizens they are sworen to protect and server. This is bull….
Michele December 14, 2007 / 9:39 am
The same thing happened to me last night (Thursday) at 2 am. I really don’t think that my foot being on the seat next to me was bothering any of the six people at the train at the time. However, the officer informed me that I wouldn’t know since I was sleeping. Apparently it doesn’t matter that I was with someone who was awake and could clearly inform me if someone needed to sit there.
Justin March 21, 2008 / 12:29 pm
Same thing happened to me the other day. I had to try so hard not to make a scene.. The cop almost arrested me because i was visually angry for what he was doing to me… All i had done was take a quick rest at midnight on the empty train, i was 1 stop away from my friends house and I wasnt seven sleeping, just resting. . I tore up the ticket and threw it away infront of him… Now i have to call the MTA to recover the ticket and pay it…. We are such slaves to the man.. NYPD.. GET A LIFE.
Faak the Police April 1, 2008 / 9:48 am
I got a ticket for walking between the subway cars today. Faak the Police. These white trash men are the one who couldn’t make it in high school, apparently couldn’t make it to college, so they became a slave of the city and are punishing people who don’t deserve to be punished: good citizen of the city who pays an overwhelmingly high tax all year.
Go get a faaking life.
radicaldoula April 1, 2008 / 1:53 pm
F the Police–
I appreciate your anger, I too was so pissed when this happened to me. But please don’t express that anger through the use of racial slurrs.
mikey mike May 14, 2011 / 9:05 pm
my friend just got the same ticket and summons. it’s ridiculous and all, but it has nothing to do with the fact that you’re a woman….
Puzzled May 16, 2011 / 8:30 am
Yes similar thing to me – late at night, sitting on the bench waiting for my train to arrive, which would be in 20 or 30 minutes. Fell asleep on the benches sitting up (or at least when they woke me up I appeared to be sitting up). I explained I was just waiting for my train and fell asleep and was issued a fine!
Are they working on commission or something??
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There's no better reason than this for a Clean Brexit
Well, we've all been expecting it for some time. Now it seems it is upon us.
"Something Biblical is approaching"
2019 has started more calmly after a very volatile year-end in the markets. Focus has been on the trade deal between China and the US and the words of the central bankers, most notably those of Jay Powell. However, this is all just a distraction, a side-show. The market volatility was only the first sign of an approaching global economic crisis, as we warned in December 2017.
As the recent PMI figures across the globe show, a global downturn has started and the world is utterly unprepared for it. The global imbalances that have been growing for years cannot lead to anything else than a global crisis . However, there are different paths the crisis could take.
Here, we present three scenarios that the global economy is likely to follow, when the global downturn morphs into something much more sinister.
We’ll start with the most likely scenario: Global Depression.
That from Zerohedge. And from Matthew Lynn in the Telegraph, 'The next Eurozone crisis has already started'
The numbers coming out of all its main economies, from Germany to France, Italy and Spain, are relentlessly bad. What does that mean? Far from winding up quantitative easing, the European Central Bank will be forced to step in with emergency measures to rescue a failing economy – but it may well prove too little, too late.
It's becoming increasingly clear that May's deal is like nothing more than clutching tightly to a man just about to jump off a bridge, whilst the EU is of course keen to pocket Britain's £39bn as rapidly as possible and ensure we go down in the Brussels Götterdämmerung.
It would be a short-sighted and foolish government indeed that would want to lock the nation into a restrictive, destructive and harmful treaty at such a time. Britain is better placed by far to weather the coming storm alone and unencumbered, with our resources in the bank and trading on WTO terms. Those global corporates of the CBI and ERT that May is working so hard to please will be critically injured and many may not survive - so why shackle the people of Britain to their failure?
One thing is certain.The world economy that emerges with shredded sails and fractured spars from the storm will not be the same as today. Now is therefore actually the least favourable time for the world's fifth largest economy to seek to lock itself into trade deals. Germany is effectively a monoculture, the entire nation and economy geared to late 20th century metal bashing. It is at great risk from the downturn.
The fight for a Clean Brexit is a fight to free us to take advantage of the post-crisis world - a world of AI, of managed worldwide migration flows, a world in which Internationalism justly defeats Globalism. With a Clean Brexit, and when the seas are calming after the storm, Britain stands poised to rise from the wind-piled spume around our Isles cleansed and renewed.
For the nation's good, May's treaty must fall and we must leave the EU on clean terms.
Labels: britain, future
jack ketch said...
entire nation and economy geared to late 20th century metal bashing.
To a degree, yes, but it is an ever increasing lesser degree. We should also not forget that Germany GmbH had an 11 billion euro surplus this last year and a 'zero' budget. Yes those figures will be lightly cooked but still 'blue' inside.
Peter wood said...
I would also draw your attention to the China risk, on Zerohedge, Black Swan.. which is even more scary if you add to their analysis that an economic collapse in China will become a political crisis. As we all know, when a totalitarian regime starts to lose control at home, they manufacture national a conflict with somebody else....
right-writes said...
Steady as she goes then, the Tory government hasn't emerged from the last world financial crisis yet.
Must find a new word for "austerity" though.
I like the new blog background Raedwald.
Now take the bloody deal!
But any part of the eurozone is just a zone within a zone.
So what's the future of Teeside within the Sterling zone? Or Detroit within the dollar zone?
Whatever, Parliament is supreme, so, barring a GE, it will be whatever it decides, and no deal is not acceptable to it.
We will be permanently shackled to europe because of May’s treachery and our MP’s naked self interest.
Vote after vote in Parliament until we deliver the result that the EU wants.
Then a wait of years, maybe a decade before we are finally allowed to leave.
BRINO not BREXIT is what we will get.
Talk of the U.K.somehow being in a position to weather the coming storm is wishful thinking from a bunker in Austria
We will go down chained to a sinking corpse while May and her cronies paddle away.
Raedwald said...
Anon 9.31 I may be in Austria but my assets are in the UK; I'm betting that the UK will ride out the storm better than anywhere else in Europe. I could of course be wrong ..
"The euro will be dead and buried by Christmas 2012" - Nigel Farage.
Sebastian Weetabix said...
@Jack Ketch: don’t you kid yourself. That German “surplus” is nothing more than vendor financing through the Euro’s Target 2 system. They are in deep shit - they are never going to be paid back the trillion Euros imbalance they have built up. Their mercantilism is going to be their ruin.
You are right about it not just being metal bashing though. They also make basic chemicals very expensively, protected behind the EU tariff wall.
Raedwald @ 09:38
We might well be in a position to ride out the storm , but not in our current servile position engineered
by May , her cronies and the europhiles currently infesting Westminster , the media and the civil service.
There a forces determined that we will NEVER leave in any meaningful way and new legal instruments seem to
be concocted every day. I am waiting for that vile puppet Gina Miller to pop up again soon.
MPs can be bought.
The DUP can be bought.
Phillibustering on a scale not seen before.
Woe to the vanquished.
Mr Ecks said...
The Crash has been coming a long long time as political scum sign ever larger cheques without resources and pursue ever stupider and more destructive policies.
The EU is a big part of the scummy mess but it is worldwide. All the big players are increasingly socialist shitheads. US Deep State/Fed , the Chicoms, ESpew--all enemies of freedom and free markets. All riding for a dinosaur like fall of their own making. Now is the time to be a small flexible mammal who can survive.
As for Teesside, are you aware that the largest employer there is the University ?
And all of this, is because these deadbeats, who make nothing, think nothing, add nothing, contribute nothing, take everything... want to control the people that do everything... be they workers, artists, inventors (not scientists), or original thinkers or money men of some kind...
Talk about killing the goose that lays the golden egg.
Gordon the Fence Post Tortoise said...
Avocado tongs?
Dave_G said...
"so why shackle the people of Britain to their failure?"
...for the same reason as always - the banks.
We were shackled to their failure in 2008 and will be shackled to them again when the EU falls for it won't be the fall of the 'EU' that causes the problems (other than instigating the fall) it will be the way the banks(ters) have MANUFACTURED the collapse.
Clearly the banking system is due for a 'reset' and if we allow the banks to both start that process of collapse and replace it with a new system of their design then nothing changes and we'll be in the same place some time in the future AGAIN and ALWAYS under their control.
We need to break the hold the banks have on everyone and everything.
Government issued currencies, linked to the individual countries GDP and issued 'debt free' and to people in the form of a digital coin (so digital currencies WILL have their place) might disconnect the banks from countries, people and, in particular, the politicians and we won't be subservient to the BANKS ever again.
How come, in all this EU/Brexit/economy calamity are the banks managing to be kept out of the discussion?
The Target2 imbalances are only a problem if you still think in separate independent nation terms. Eurocrats don't. They are building a United States of Europe, aping the USA, whilst denying it (as the Anon EU troll does).
Target2 works as a simple payments system (a woman in Spain pays for her Fiat and the money reaches Italy). It also works as a capital flight enabler (a man in Portugal transfers his Euro cash to a safer bank in Germany). If you regard the EZ as one country, the imbalances are (relatively) irrelevant.
Target2 is not a problem, it is (part of) the solution to the necessity of wealth transfers from the prosperous areas to the poor areas (as happens by government in the USA and the UK) to keep any single currency going. The Euro is not going to fail. Just like it didn't during the last crisis (and as I said it wouldn't).
We cannot rely on others making mistakes, or on mere hope. If we are to win, we must make sure we win by our own efforts. And the only way I know is to eschew your tribalism, holding your effete noses if necessary, and vote UKIP. If you don't you will just get more of the woefully behind the curve LibLabCon, and continued serfdom in the EU.
What ever do you mean by "clean brexit"?
No trade, travel, nor communication of any sort, with the world's richest market of the twenty-seven most cultured, civilised countries?
I trust not. So if you want to trade, visit, use their ports, airspace, airports and roads etc., then that requires an agreement, that is, a negotiated deal.
Then you start all the jumping up-and-down and teeth-grinding, and we're back where we started.
Grow up, and face the simple fact that the UK is very, very much the junior party in these talks.
Anon 13.10 - what utter risible specious cockwobble you do believe. Credulous ain't in it. Can I sell you a bridge?
Clearly you don't read the newspapers - or at least those with sentences longer than eight words. Or follow official news releases.
Outline temporary agreements are already in place that cover just about everything about which you are concerned in the event of a Clean Brexit. Don't worry. Your aircraft will still fly, you can still use your UK driving licence over here and we'll still send you Brie and Chardonnay. The EU have ensured they are still able to access financial services in the City and reciprocal arrangements are in place.
May's treaty even contains many sensible, neutral, efficient solutions to mundane matters to keep people, goods and even money moving as it should. Such measures can easily be cut-and-pasted into a sensible WA by may's successor.
The 175 pages of the backstop just have to go. As do the defence and security measures that compromise UK security, as outlined by a former MI6 Chief the other day.
So don't worry your head about such things. The grown-ups have it all in hand.
Anon 13:10 said: "So if you want to trade, visit, use their ports, airspace, airports and roads etc., then that requires an agreement, that is, a negotiated deal".
No, it doesn't. We must just walk away. We neither want nor need a massive all-encompassing "deal", or even an RTA. We already have a trade deal - it's called the WTO system. Everything else is handled by existing international agreements and treaties to which we will be a party as an independent country. Recognising each others driving licenses does not require giving up our independence, it is done with a simple reciprocal agreement as already in place with other countries.
Are you a complete moron or do you just enjoy throwing a tantrum and wailing "it's all immmmmposssibule"? Grow up, and face the simple fact that the UK is very, very capable of being as independent as New Zealand.
Anon - you're so bl00dy specious it's beyond belief.
Brexit, clean or 'dirty', doesn't mean cutting off anyone or anything from Europe and the trade therein. Do you think businesses across Europe don't WANT to trade? or people don't WANT to travel?
Outside of the EU we are perfectly capable - as hundreds of other countries already can and do - of trading and traveling across and with the EU. Your statements are simply Remoaners BS.
... Radders beat me to it.
OK, just supply one fact.
Will UK trucks be able to drive on EU roads in the event of a no-deal?
If so, how much will it cost them?
Come on, clever dick, just one, tinst-winsy fact?
As the more adult of the brexiteers and remainers have pointed out many times, the whole thing with the tariffs/WTO isn't really the issue. Put in very simple terms; yes the EU27 will still want to do business with us and buy our shoddy glass walking sticks and cheap tin trays, despite any WTF tariff, and vice versa. However whether or not firms in the EU27 will be allowed to buy goods from a 3rd (World?) Country yUK is another question. Even if the regulations governing glass walking sticks are exactly the same in both the EU and the yUK, the moment we car crash over that cliff top our regulations become 'invalid' in the eyes of the EU.
Anon - you can find full details of the arrangements already in place, and the status of details yet to be announced, in respect of road transport at
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/commercial-road-haulage-in-the-eu-if-theres-no-brexit-deal/commercial-road-haulage-in-the-eu-if-theres-no-brexit-deal
A most touching endorsement Jack...
Gordon - looks like a swizz to me. Those avocado tongs look exactly the same as bog-standard surgical retractors you can buy for £8.99 a pair.
we'll still send you Brie and Chardonnay. The EU have ensured they are still able to access financial services in the City and reciprocal arrangements are in place. -Raed
Yeees but will the yUK still be able to sell 'Cheddar' or 'Stilton' in the EU (I can remember the , according to Brexiteers, 'good old days' when you couldn't get British 'Ice Cream' nor 'beer' in Germany for love nor money, and has anyone told the big players in the City that, I ask in the light of today's announcement?
Jack - Ireland produces 200,000 tonnes of Cheddar a year, 70% goes to the UK to be sold under labels such as 'Southdown Farm Cheddar' or 'Castle City Cheddar' or 'Roman River Cheddar' and most UK people who buy it think they're eating English Cheddar. Ireland can easily switch markets to the rest of the EU - and indeed, as a result of Brexit, some Irish cheese factories are setting up lines to make not only Stilton but Mozarella and Parmesan clones.
But yes, there are issues around genuine geographical name controlled foods and drinks - but can you seriously imagine Herr Juncker not granting the Scotch Whisky distillers a permit?
Elby the Beserk said...
Right-writes
One could also add that the last Eurozone crisis hasn't finished either.
Austerity. It used to mean not spending money you could afford to. Suddenly it started meaning not spending far more than you can afford. Odd. All for it. Problem was that the government hit all the wrong targets, and as usual, buggered the poor. Austerity as we know did not apply to the top end top middle end of public services, where salaries and pensions continued to rocket and performance continued to plummet.
Regardless, we need to spend much less. Then maybe wed all have some money in our pockets to kickstart a moribund economy?
dave/r said...
bring back the bradbury pound that will take the bank shitsers out of the loop me thinks
issues around genuine geographical name controlled foods and drinks-Raed
Actually that wasn't the issue (a fairly minor one I think) I meant when I said that back in the pre-EU daze it was verboten to sell British 'Ice Cream' and 'beer' in Germany. According to the then very lax 'regulations' 'Walls Vanilla' wasn't 'ice cream' because it wasn't iced cream. And British beer of the 70s was, by and large, about as far from the Rheinheitsgebot as one could get.
So no matter that Irish Cheddar is flogged throughout the EU (as bath soap, one assumes) and that atm English Cheddar is produced in accordance all the EU guidelines and regulations governing cleaning products, in the event of the Morris Allegro of our Economy crashing over the cliffs, it becomes a product of a 3rd country.
[and before anyone picks me up on it, yes I am aware I am majorly over simplifying things -for the simple reason it is all above my mental pay-grade]
Fair points. And I agree with the EU that an emulsion made of lard, whey and sugar should no more be called 'Ice Cream' than (the modern equivalent) a mix of industrial ethanol, sugar, water and apple flavouring should be allowed to be called 'Cider'
But then I hate factory food.
Thanks for the link.
That describes not the problem-free position which would ensue, but the confusion, uncertainty, and the mish-mash of different permits which might be required, for each separate country.
It also points out that countries would be free to choose whether to recognise UK documents or not, and that only a limited number of the key ones would be available. It does not say how many.
Thats after they've had the vehicles taken apart by border security just getting into the EU.
Anon - you're not actually in the road haulage industry, are you?
Perhaps you're a concerned Barista or suchlike. Fair dos.
But this is a current affairs blog, and we don't really specialise in the road haulage industry. Though several commentators have an accumulation of relevant experience that will between them total a century or more, and I'm sure they would be happy to advise, I can't help feeling you'd be better off directing your questions to a forum that specialised more in, erm, road haulage.
Supply chains.
Have we seen any evidence of companies in EU countries making concerted efforts to refocus their supply chains, eradicating UK made goods, parts, components, subsystems etc and finding alternates? (Spikes in buying from UK suppliers, an increase in activity at test and certification facilities for certification of resdesigned products etc etc).
And supply chains are not just two way, they can often be multi way and extend beyond the UK or EU. A British part goes into an EU made subsystem which comes back to the UK to go in a complete system. A British made part goes into an EU made product for sale to South America, India, Australia or wherever.
This is the reality of much international trade these days. Is this all going to stop on March 30th? A barrier is going to appear which will make the border between North and South Korea seem like the one between East and West Sussex? If they're going to stop cheese and shoddy tin trays, how can they not disrupt the rest? Or are they going to selectively target certain sectors and products (which would be interesting).
You still can’t get foreign beers in Germany.
89 - Lorries used in government’s rehearsal this week for increased traffic jams on road to Dover in event of no-deal Brexit
16,000 - Lorries which actually go through Dover on busiest days
14 - Minutes behind schedule that rehearsal lorries set off, despite not needing customs checks as will be the case in reality
£122bn - Total value of goods passing through Dover in 2017
John Brown said...
Who are the CBI ?
Unlike the ERT they do not publish a list of members (I rang them to check).
Do they have UK factories or offices ?
Are they British owned ?
Do they pay any UK taxes ?
Apart from the EU (which we do know about) from where/whom does the CBI receive its funding ?
"You still can’t get foreign beers in Germany"
"£122bn - Total value of goods passing through Dover in 2017" - Thats's a lot of tin trays!
Fuck me, I know Juncker likes a drink but I didn't know our whole economy depended on it!
You still can’t get foreign beers in Germany.-Anon
Possibly, although with notable exception of Guinness, would anyone in Germany want to drink English beer?!?! That'd be a bit 'coke to Columbia'. When even the smallest , dodgiest Gastwirtschaft enslaved to the local brewery (and there wiil be a local brewery) serves something better than 'concocted' by Big Brewski here? From what I can recall, Germans who want to drink foreign beer go for original Pilsner types or Lambic from Belgium....although I am sure these days there is a market for breakfast-cereal-in-a-bowl tasting 'American' 'beers'.
Ps. I am aware that Guinness is NOT an English beer....or even a 'beer' at all ( a porter-stout if I recall?)
Beer is not just a drink here. It's a currency - I'm now used to negotiating wage costs for small jobs in beer + money. It's a statement of identity - my Munich chums make us drive 30km out of the way here to a warehouse that stocks Bavarian crates. They love the scenery down here, but only when they have a familiar beer in their hands. And if it's not flaschenbier it's not worth drinking. That goes for locals, too. They can't understand me buying slabs of dosenbier - and not just cans, but Viennese brands. They can talk about it endlessly, and are like footy fans in their loyalty to their home brands.
I've never seen one in the UK, but all supermarkets here have bottle return machines - either individual bottles in the chute, or complete crates of empties into the scanner hatch. All automatic. You get a cash voucher.
Children learn early how to remove crown caps using anything from folded paper to plastic lighters. Never once have I seen anyone use a bottle opener. Smacking the cap with the palm against a projection is laughed at. I normally hand my bottles over to be opened by some juvenile using some small piece of litter.
It's really not just a drink here. It's existential.
Children learn early how to remove crown caps using anything from folded paper to plastic lighters
One of my few failures to integrate myself fully into German society that was! I never did get the hang of using the feuerzeug to open bier bottles. The Bestes Teetotal Rabid Christian Girl In The Welt could do it with ease of course. It was embarrassing. I got the hang of opening tetrapacks quick enough and rolling cigarettes that looked like cigarettes and not matchsticks but crown caps....nope.
Anon - I recall reading that the Dover crossing constitutes the 'massive' total of 6% of UK imports/exports.
The vast majority of trade comes through our container ports who have already stated that there will be no holdups.
Dover is the media's whore when it comes to promoting the scaremongering. Of course, those that have to USE it will be concerned but as for it bringing the country to a standstill? Not a chance.
Never forget that the scaremongering is and always will be one-sided. We never hear of any foreign country that exports to us whinging, whining and complaining that the tunnel and/or road transport will be 'insurmountable'.
Stop listening to the BBC and reading the MSM.
Mark The Skint Sailor said...
Unhooking ourselves from the high tariff EU bubble means we can exploit the regions of the world that are denied the EU market.
The tariffs in place across the whole EU to help certain protected industries can be cast aside and we can choose to protect our own industries but browse the global smorgasbord of products.
protect our own industries -Mark Skint
That kinda negates the whole 'free trade' thing. Precisely those industries we might wish to protect, will be the very ones our prospective new partners will want to undercut.
global smorgasbord of products. Like we don't atm? Last time i checked we already trade with the
non EU world far more than with the EU.
Maybe I needed to state "On our own terms"
Tariffs are controlled by the EU, after Brexit we set our own tariffs in our own interest.
It doesn't negate the whole free trade thing. We can still make agreements but we can choose not to decimate our own industry as a result of that trade agreement. Where someone negotiating on our behalf may not have our best interests in mind.
We currently sample the global smorgasbord through the filter imposed or negotiated by the EU. We can select the goods or services we wish to sample ourselves.
The whole thing revolves around the concept of control. The government regains control of tariffs and trade agreements and we the people regain the control of the people representing us in trade terms because we regain the ability to vote for them or not.
It doesn't negate the whole free trade thing. We can still make agreements but we can choose not to decimate our own industry as a result of that trade agreement.-Mark
Yes, yes it does I'm afraid. Don't get me wrong, I have been a fan of Free Trade since I first encountered the idea in O Level Economic & Social History as a kid and if I thought the yUK.gove was really intending to have FT with the rest of the world I'd be a lot happier about BrexSShite.
Simply put, and unlike so many here I'm not an expert in such matters, there are two ways of not 'decimating our own industry'; one is by tariffs (or 'legal protections') which , of course, negates the idea of FT, or 2nd by subsidy and any FTA negotiation between states tends to be more a case of 'subsidy poker'....that along with the regulatory aspects (ie should chicken taste of bleach) is the reason why FTAs tend to take years to negotiate despite the idea at their heart being so simple.
Mark the Skint Sailor said: "It doesn't negate the whole free trade thing. We can still make agreements but we can choose not to decimate our own industry as a result of that trade agreement".
Jack Ketch said: "Yes, yes it does I'm afraid".
No, no it doesn't I'm afraid. On a spectrum from black to white only a very odd pedant would maintain that off white is really black. Mark is correct.
There isn't full free trade even within the EU - single-market/customs-union notwithstanding - and there isn't a free market in international trade either. Anyone who thinks that the EU, Germany, China and the USA don't use trade as a weapon is naive.
It therefore makes sense for the UK to recognise that reality, and protect its strategic interests whilst aiming for as much free trade as possible. It is precisely the independence gained by leaving the EU treaties that would enable the UK to better protect its own interests, including lowering tariffs where advantageous. The EU looks after the EU, not the UK. And Remains are too gullible to see it.
▼ 6/1/19 - 13/1/19 (6)
There's no better reason than this for a Clean Bre...
Plans and Lies - the long betrayal
The whole point of Brexit
Designer primrose vests and obscene imprecations
Reform and renewal - new forms of democracy
Reform and Renewal - party funding
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#BlogTour When I Wake Up by Jessica Jarlavi @JessicaJarlvi @aria_fiction
Today is my turn on the Blog Tour for When I Wake up by Jessica Jalavi. I want to thank Yasemin at Aria Fiction for inviting me to be involved!
A breathtaking, heart-pounding, dark debut, sure to delight fans of The Girl on the Train and Before I Go To Sleep.
When Anna, a much-loved teacher and mother of two, is left savagely beaten and in a coma, a police investigation is launched. News of the attack sends shock waves through her family and their small Swedish community. Anna seems to have had no enemies, so who wanted her dead?
As loved-ones wait anxiously by her bedside, her husband Erik is determined to get to the bottom of the attack, and soon begins uncovering his wife’s secret life, and a small town riven with desire, betrayal and jealousy.
As the list of suspects grows longer, it soon becomes clear that only one person can reveal the truth, and she’s lying silent in a hospital bed…
Publisher: Aria (7 Sept. 2017)
Amazon UK Amazon USA Kobo iBooks Google Play
I read the synopsis when Yasemin sent it to me and I thought it sounded like something that I would be interested in, however, I did enter with caution as it is referenced that fans of The Girl on the Train would like this and as stated before I am no fan of that book!
I have to say that I was not expecting what I read at all! The relationships between the characters and how everything unfolds is wonderful. I only set this book down to go to sleep because I was dying to find out who had hurt Anna! The whole time I was reading I was thinking ‘It’s this person!’ then something would happen and I would be thinking I had been wrong and move onto another person. I honestly did not expect what unfolded! This is another book that had me stumped on the ‘who did done do it’ front! A very well written debut novel!
N.B. I have to point out that if you don’t like reading sex scenes this book is not for you.
Born in Sweden, Jessica moved to London at the age of 18 to obtain a BSc Hons degree in Publishing and Business. She worked in publishing in the UK for a number of years before heading to Chicago where she edited a magazine for expats. Back in Sweden, she completed a Masters in Creative Writing. Since 2010, Jessica has taught journalism and media at a local university, and has spent the last five years as the marketing and PR manager for a British firm. Last year, she was one of
the winners in the Montegrappa Prize for First Fiction at the Emirates Airline Festival of Literature. Jessica is married with three spirited children, and although she’s known for her positivity, her writing tends to be rather dark!
Follow Jessica
Facebook: @JessicaJarlvi
Twitter: @JessicaJarlvi
Website: http://www.jessicajarlvi.com
Follow Aria
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NetGalley: http://bit.ly/2lkKB0e
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Jun 11, 2017 by RamblingLisa Aria Fiction, Blog Tour, Psychological Thriller, Thriller, When I Wake Up by Jessica Jarlavi
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Stranger Country
Author(s): Monica Tan
Tracks meets Wild in this account of Chinese Australian journalist Monica Tan's 6 month odyssey though outback Australia. 'Will I ever really belong to this country? As a Chinese Australian? As a non-Indigenous Australian? . . . I was 32 years old and barely knew the country of my birth. It was time to change that.' What happens when a 32-year-old first-generation Australian woman decides to chuck in a dream job, pack a sleeping bag and tent, and hit the long, dusty road for six months? Thirty-thousand kilometres later, Monica Tan has the answer, and it completely surprises her. In mid-2016, Monica left Sydney, unsure of her place in Australia. As a Chinese Australian city slicker, she couldn't have felt more distant from powerful mythologies like the Digger, the Drover's Wife and Clancy of the Overflow. And more importantly, Monica wondered, how could she ever feel she truly belonged to a land that has been the spiritual domain of Indigenous Australians for over 60,000 years? Stranger Country is the riveting account of the six months Monica drove and camped her way through some of Australia's most beautiful and remote landscapes. She shared meals, beers and conversations with miners, greynomads, artists, farmers, community workers and small business owners from across the nation: some Aboriginal, some white, some Asian, and even a few who managed to be all three. The result is an enthralling and entertaining celebration of the spirit of adventure, a thoughtful quest for understanding, and a unique portrait of Australia and all it means to those who live here.
Publisher : Allen & Unwin
Imprint : Allen & Unwin
Author : Monica Tan
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Understanding the clinical picture key to effective IB control
By Mark W. Jackwood
Poultry Diagnostic and Research Center
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a highly contagious coronavirus found in chickens worldwide that costs the US poultry industry millions of dollars annually. Although it’s largely a respiratory disease, some strains of the virus can also cause kidney lesions resulting in nephritis, and in hens, the virus can replicate in the reproductive tract causing egg quality and production losses.
Serotype = different virus types defined by antisera able to neutralize the virus.
Genetic type = different virus types characterized by the genetic sequence of their spike gene.
IBV exists in the field as many different types, defined as serotypes or genetic types (see box). In addition, the term “variant” is often used to describe a newly identified but not yet characterized type of the virus.
Currently, the best strategy for managing the disease is the use of modified live IBV vaccines. However, because different serotypes or genetic types of IBV don’t cross-protect, the disease is very difficult to control. Selection of appropriate vaccines requires knowledge about the virus type that’s causing disease in the field.
Compounding this situation is the ability of IBV — like most RNA viruses — to rapidly change and adapt to the host when they replicate. This can result in the emergence of new virus types that cause disease even in vaccinated birds. This underscores the importance of selecting an appropriate vaccine so that virus replication can be significantly reduced.
Sometimes, however, there’s no combination of vaccine serotypes that will provide adequate cross-protection, especially once an emerging IBV has reached a critical mass.
The clinical picture
Clinical signs associated with an IBV respiratory tract infection include watery eyes, mucus in the naris and trachea, and tracheal rales. Decreased weight gain and feed efficiency as well as open-mouth breathing, swollen sinuses and lethargy are also among the common signs observed.
Birds in lay can experience drops in egg production and misshapen eggs; brown eggs can become pale and the albumen watery. Strains of IBV that affect the kidney can result in diarrhea, severe dehydration and mortality due to kidney failure.
The disease starts as a respiratory tract infection and then goes systemic, infecting other organs including the reproductive tract and kidney. In addition, the immune response carries the virus to the cecal tonsils where it can be found for several weeks after the initial infection.
There are many factors that can affect the severity of IBV disease and, thus, the clinical signs observed. These include the virulence of the virus, the age and sex of the bird, the type of bird, the bird’s immune status and stressful environmental conditions.
Factors affecting severity of the disease
Strain differences. There are approximately 70 different strains of IBV circulating in commercial poultry worldwide,1 and those strains have varying types of pathogenicity and degrees of virulence. The strain’s degree of virulence can lead to a wide variety of respiratory signs ranging from very mild, consisting only of watery eyes and some mucus in the nares, to severe with extensive mucus production in the trachea resulting in tracheal rales.
Likewise, some strains will cause only a slight drop in egg quality and production in hens, whereas highly virulent strains can cause severe egg losses as high as 70% or more.
Pathogenicity = the ability to cause a specific disease. A virus is either pathogenic or not.
Virulence = the severity of the disease. The disease caused by pathogenic viruses can be mild, moderate or severe.
In addition, different IBV strains can cause distinctive egg quality problems including variations in pigment, thinning of shells and watery albumen.
Lesions in the kidney caused by nephropathogenic strains of IBV are almost always severe because even slight kidney damage can result in watery diarrhea, dehydration and mortality.
Based on characterization in the laboratory, some examples of highly virulent IBV strains include Arkansas, Australia T and QX, among others. Mild strains include Connecticut, some strains of Massachusetts and some California strains such as CA/1737/04.
Viral load. The amount of virus in the bird, or viral load, is directly related to the efficiency of virus replication. A high viral load allows IBVs to be easily transmitted from one bird to the next, which is a major factor in the emergence of certain IBV types. Viral load can help explain how new variants seem to emerge unexpectedly and why IBV is mostly a winter/spring disease in the U.S — there’s less dilution of IBVs with decreased ventilation. Air quality and environmental stress are obviously factors, but viral load plays a big role too. Longer, colder winters provide more opportunity for IBVs to replicate, cause outbreaks and spread.
Age of the bird. The age of the bird when infected with IBV affects the clinical outcome of the disease. In general, respiratory signs tend to be more severe in younger birds. In addition, infection of breeder chicks can result in damage to the immature reproductive tract, leading to false layers.
Higher mortality may be associated with infection in chicks compared to older birds, particularly with nephropathogenic IBV strains, and young hens recently brought into production can experience more dramatic egg-quality and production losses compared to older layers.
Males and females. The sex of the bird can affect the severity of the clinical signs associated with IBV. Males appear to be more susceptible than females, but we don’t know why.
Type of chicken affected. It’s well known that broilers have more severe respiratory signs when infected with IBV compared to layer-type birds. However, different breeds of layers and broilers can be more or less susceptible. It has been shown that birds with a B12, B15 or B19 genetic makeup (major histocompatibility type or B haplotype) are more resistant to the disease than birds with B2, B5, B13 or B21 haplotypes. Haplotypes are groups of inherited genes.
Immunity. The immune status of the bird can significantly affect the clinical outcome of IBV infection. Maternally derived antibodies can help protect chicks for up to 2 weeks, depending on the level of antibodies in the chicks. Active immunity that results after administration of appropriate vaccines can protect birds from clinical signs, whereas infections in immune-suppressed birds can result in severe clinical signs.
Environment. Poor environmental conditions in the chicken house can contribute to the severity of the clinical picture associated with IBV infection. High ammonia levels have been shown to cause ciliostasis, possibly resulting in more severe disease when they occur at the time of infection.
Of course, any environmental conditions that cause significant stress to the bird can result in a more severe clinical picture. These conditions include a temperature that’s too high or low, poor air quality due to dust and ammonia, overcrowding, wet litter, poor feed quality or feed restriction, and poor water quality and supply. In addition, co-infections with other respiratory disease agents such as Newcastle disease virus, infectious laryngotracheitis virus, avian influenza virus and avian mycoplasmas, and secondary, opportunistic bacterial infections such as Escherichia coli can significantly contribute to the severity of the IBV clinical signs observed and to resulting production losses and mortality. Opportunistic Escherichia coli infections can also lead to increased condemnations due to airsacculitis, pericarditis and perihepatitis.
The severity of the disease caused by IBV can be affected by many factors including strain of the virus, age of the bird, sex, genetic haplotype, immune status and chicken-house environmental factors. The virus typically causes lesions in the upper respiratory tract, but the reproductive tract and kidney can also be affected.
In addition, co-infections and opportunistic pathogens can compound the disease situation, which often significantly increases the severity of the disease. It’s important to remember that these variables alone or in combination can contribute to the nature and severity of the clinical picture observed for IBV infections in the field.
An in-depth review of IBV that I co-authored with IBV expert Sajak de Wit, DVM, PhD, EVSPVS, immunologist and poultry veterinarian at GD Animal Health Services, Deventer, The Netherlands, can be found in Diseases of Poultry, 13th edition, published by John Wiley and Sons.
1 Jackwood MW. Review of infectious bronchitis virus around the world. Avian Dis 2012;56:634-641.
categories: Infectious Diseases News Respiratory
tags: annual costs, infectious bronchitis, Mark Jackwood
Novel technologies needed to combat IB in chickens
Despite decades of vaccination, the world poultry industry’s ongoing battle with infectious bronchitis (IB) continues to rage and points to the need for novel technologies to combat the disease.
Infectious bronchitis control: Understanding why it’s so difficult
By Mark W. Jackwood, PhD, Department Head, JR Glisson Professor of Avian Medicine, University of Georgia
E. coli vaccination helps contain losses in broilers with IB infection
Field experience with infectious bronchitis in broilers during a harsh winter demonstrated that vaccination for secondary Escherichia coli infection helped stem losses
Consistency, follow-up key to controlling IBV
Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a “moving target” and trying to keep ahead of it requires consistency and follow-up, explained Sjaak de Wit, DVM, PhD, of GD Animal Health, the Netherlands.
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“PRATHYUSHA ENGINEERING COLLEGE”
A Gateway to Technical Excellence
STUDENTS ON ROLL
PROFILE OF PEC
Prathyusha Engineering College, Chennai popularly known as PEC – is a self-financed Telugu Minority Institution managed by Prathyusha Educational Trust,Chennai,approved by AICTE, affiliated to Anna University, accredited by NBA and a recipient of ISO certification, located 30 kms from Chennai Central Railway Station. The college was established in the year 2001, to promote engineering education with quality technical knowledge to all the students hailing from not only in and around Chennai, but from various districts in Tamilnadu and from neighbouring states also. This elysium of education, is the vision of the Founder Chairman Shri.P.Raja Rao, the well-known industrialist and philanthropist, to bring world-class education into this sylvan campus.
The eye-capturing sylvan set-up and mind-captivating infrastructure with qualified, committed and experienced faculty members assisted by skilled technicians, magnificent buildings for each department with spacious smart class rooms, the fully equipped laboratories, seminar halls, incubation centre for research, industry attached laboratories, Digitized central library, Centres of excellence and Technical clubs inculcate both theoretical and practical knowledge in the students. The separate hostels for boys and girls with hygienic food and Hi-Fi gym & parlour facilities function as a second home to students coming away from their homes. The playground, cafeteria, indoor playground, temple, ATM facility, medical care, the internet centre, and the care and safety provided to the students inside the campus, is a landmark in the panorama of Prathyusha Engineering College. Day scholar students transported to the college with more than 40 buses which fetch students from in and around city with comfort and safety.
PEC at a Glance
The college offers 6 UG programmes, 4 PG Programmes with an annual intake of 668 students and 2 Research programmes.
Over 2,500 students in the campus, with nearly 1/3 of them women.
NAAC has accredited PEC with an ‘A’ grade.
NBA accredited & Re-accredited programmes.
5th Rank in 2017-18 University Results among 497 Engineering Colleges in Tamilnadu.
A well-planned and aesthetically-designed 45-acre eco-friendly campus with over 5,00,000 Sq. ft. of built-in area.
Modern Computer labs with 1500 systems with 100 Mbps (1:1) Internet Leased Line
Library – the digitized marvel, the magnificent knowledge storehouse with 60,152 volumes of books,13,057 Titles of national and international journals and magazines quenches the knowledge of Prathyushans from all disciplines.
Student-centred learning environment – 56 Technical clubs, 10 Fine-arts clubs, Internship programmes, Mini-Projects for every course – In-house & Industry projects, Entrepreneurs Development Cell, Student ambassador programmes, Online self-learning sessions – NPTEL, Swayam & Youth 4 Work,Women’s Empowerment Cell.
Global education opportunities are imparted through MoUs with universities abroad.
All career-oriented activities like technological conferences, seminars, workshops, trainings and other developmental programmes at prathyusha are more rewarding.
The Research & Development centre provides a platform for faculty and students to pursue research in their interested areas of research. The centre has received research grants of more than 2 crore from various Govt. funding agencies like AICTE,SERB, DRDO,CVRDE, CSIR, MNRE, TNSCST & BRNS etc.
MoUs signed with industries like IBM, Infosys, TVS Harita, CISCO, National Instruments, NIWE-MNRE, NEN, HCL, HYUNDAI Motors, TECHNOPHILIA systems, TESLA Minds, Indian Servers Pvt Ltd., etc.. for knowledge sharing and exposure, research collaboration and recruitment.
90% placement : The Placement and Training division organises training in technical skills, communication skills, soft skills & personality development and also provides career counselling and connects campus with corporate. And ensures 100% job opportunities through campus placements.
Extra Curricular activities to increase the physical and spiritual strength of the students are provided by Sports, Cultural, NSS, YRC, YOGA and SWATCH BHARAT Cell.
Scholarship – SHREE SIVARAMAYYA MERIT SCHOLARSHIP for students who secure more than 8.5 CGPA in their academic performance.
FREE EDUCATION is provided for wards of the staff members and for the school students who secure more than 90% cutt-off in +2 with a family income of Rupees one lakh per annum.
To emerge as a premier technical and engineering institution in the country by imparting Quality Education and thus facilitate our students to blossom into dynamic professional so that they play a vital role for the progress of the nation and for a peaceful co-existence of our fellow human being.
Prathyusha Engineering College will strive to emerge as a premier Institution in the country by
Providing state-of-the-art infrastructure facilities
Imparting quality education and training through qualified, experienced and committed members of the faculty
Empowering the youth by providing professional leadership
Developing centres of Excellence in frontier areas of Engineering & Technology
Networking with Industry, Corporate and Research Organizations
Promoting Institute-Industry partnership for the peace and prosperity of the nation
“Some people make business their career, while some make career their business. However, it is my humble endeavour to take along a team and dedicate our time, effort, energy and resources to develop the infrastructure and the facilities for the future generation and provide a platform for the students to charter their own course of triumph and leading the nation to a glorious future”. I invite to be part of our Family. I wish you Godspeed and all the very best that life has to offer.
Shri. P. RAJA RAO, Founder Chairman, PEC
Mrs. P.Prathyusha, the present Chief Executive Officer of PEC plays a key role in establishing a hall mark for Prathyusha Engineering College. She is a Commerce graduate and finished her Masters in Management Studies from the prestigious Great Lakes Institute of Management, Chennai. Further, she had been well-groomed by our Chairman in educational administration.
“I am honoured to facilitate Engineering Education that exalts students to face new technical challenges and progress through quality and skill based education, in the global competition. We assure to facilitate such a challenging environment inside our campus for holistic development among the students. Our highly qualified, dedicated and committed team strives to achieve excellence in the field of engineering education by following innovative and unique methods of teaching, learning and expanding one’s knowledge faster, stronger and deeper than others. I wish the students the very best in all their endeavours.”
Smt.P.Prathyusha. CEO, PEC
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Accueil du site > BIBLIOGRAPHY RELATED TO FLOW CYTOMETRY > Flow Cytometry in Microbiology >2004
par G. Grégori
Achilles J, Muller S, Bley T, Babel W (2004) Affinity of single S. cerevisiae cells to 2-NBDglucose under changing substrate concentrations. Cytometry A 61 :88-98
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15351993
BACKGROUND : Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a widely employed microorganism in biotechnological processes. Since proliferation and product formation depend on the capacity of the cell to access and metabolize a carbon source, a technique was developed to enable for analyzing the S. cerevisiae H155 cells’ affinity to extracellular glucose concentrations. METHODS : The fluorescent glucose analogue 2-NBDglucose was employed as a functional parameter to analyze the cells’ affinity to glucose. Structural parameters (proliferation, neutral lipid content, granularity, and cell size) were also investigated. Cells were grown both in batches and in chemostat regimes. RESULTS : The 2-NBDglucose uptake in individual cells proceeds in a time- and concentration-dependent manner and is affected by respiratory and respirofermentative modes of growth. The process is inhibited by D-glucose, D-fructose, D-mannose, and sucrose, but not L-glucose, D-galactose or lactose ; maltose is a weak inhibitor. The affinity of the individual cells to 2-NBDglucose was found to be high at low extracellular glucose concentrations, and weak at high concentrations. An additional, underlying pattern in the cells’ affinity to glucose was detected, illustrated by the recurrent appearance of two subpopulations showing distinctly differing quantities of this substrate. CONCLUSIONS : A multiparameter flow cytometry approach is presented that enables, for the first time, for analysis of the affinity of individual S. cerevisiae cells to glucose. Besides the adjustment of the yeast cell metabolism to extracellular glucose concentrations by altering their affinity to glucose, at least one further mechanism is clearly involved. Two subpopulations of cells were resolved, with different affinities not correlated with other cellular parameters measured.
Ananta E, Knorr D (2004) Evidence on the role of protein biosynthesis in the induction of heat tolerance of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG by pressure pre-treatment. Int J Food Microbiol 96 :307-313
It was the aim of this work to evaluate, whether and to which extent heat resistance of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG is affected by mild pressure treatments prior to exposure to lethal temperatures, such as during spray-drying. It was observed that cells pressure pre-treated at 100 MPa at 37 degrees C for 10 min showed higher survival than untreated cells when exposed to heat challenge at 60 degrees C. To gain more insights on the cellular mode of action of pressure induced heat tolerance, flow cytometric analysis was applied in combination with functional dye LIVE/DEAD BacLight bacterial viability kit. Dot plot analysis showed that a lower degree of membrane damage was observed at pressure pre-treated cells upon heat treatment at 60 degrees C for 3 min. Evaluation of heat inactivation kinetics of cells pressure treated in the presence of chloramphenicol, a protein synthesis inhibitor, pointed out the potential contribution of pressure-induced protein biosynthesis in the enhancement of bacterial heat tolerance.
Atreya CD, Kulkarni S, Mohan KV (2004) Rubella virus P90 associates with the cytokinesis regulatory protein Citron-K kinase and the viral infection and constitutive expression of P90 protein both induce cell cycle arrest following S phase in cell culture. Arch Virol 149 :779-789
In utero infection of developing fetus by Rubella virus (RV) causes cell division inhibition of critical precursor cells in organogenesis, CNS-associated birth defects and induction of apoptosis in cell culture. The underlying mechanisms of RV-induced congenital abnormalities are not known. Here, we identified a novel interaction between RV replicase P90 protein and a cytokinesis-regulatory protein, the Citron-K kinase (CK), in a yeast two-hybrid cDNA library screen. Aberrations in cytokinesis and subsequent apoptosis do occur in specific cell types when the CK gene is knocked out or, its regulatory function is perturbed. Our analysis found that full-length P90 binds CK and in RV-infected cells P90 colocalizes with CK in the cytoplasm. Furthermore, during RV infection as well as cellular expression of P90 alone, we identified a discrete subpopulation of cells containing 4N DNA content, indicating that these cells are arrested in the cell cycle following S phase, suggesting that cellular expression of viral P90 during RV infection perturbs cytokinesis. Previous reports by others established that RV infection leads to apoptosis in cell culture. These observations together taken to the fetal organogenesis level, favor the idea that RV P90, by binding to cellular CK, invokes cell cycle aberrations resulting in the cell- and organ-specific growth inhibition and programmed cell death during RV infection in utero, which commonly is referred to as RV-induced teratogenesis.
Babu U, Dalloul RA, Okamura M, Lillehoj HS, Xie H, Raybourne RB, Gaines D, Heckert RA (2004) Salmonella enteritidis clearance and immune responses in chickens following Salmonella vaccination and challenge. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 101 :251-257
Our previous work showed that the cell-mediated immunity (CMI) was enhanced by live Salmonella vaccine (LV). The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of live and killed Salmonella vaccines on Salmonella enteritidis (SE) clearance and to determine if the clearance was mediated by cell-mediated and/or humoral immunity. Chickens were first immunized at 2 weeks of age followed by a booster dose at 4 weeks, challenged with live SE 2 weeks later (6-week-old) and tested for CMI, antibody response and SE clearance 1-week post SE-challenge (7-week-old). Spleen cell proliferation induced by SE-flagella and Concanavalin A (Con A) were significantly higher and SE shedding was significantly lower in the LV group. The splenic CD3 population was significantly lower and B cells were higher in the control group compared to all the SE-challenged groups (with and without vaccination). Serum antibody to SE-flagella and envelope were significantly higher in the KV group compared to all the other groups. These results suggest that LV protects against SE infection, probably by enhancing the CMI.
Backman A, Maraha N, Jansson JK (2004) Impact of temperature on the physiological status of a potential bioremediation inoculant, Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus A6. Appl Environ Microbiol 70 :2952-2958
Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus A6 (A6) can degrade large amounts of 4-chlorophenol in soil at 5 and 28 degrees C. In this study, we investigated the effects of temperature on the physiological status of this bacterium in pure culture and in soil. A derivative of A6 tagged with the gfp gene (encoding green fluorescent protein [GFP]) was used to specifically quantify A6 cells in soil. In addition, cyano-ditolyl-tetrazoliumchloride was used to stain GFP-fluorescent cells with an active electron transfer system ("viable cells") whereas propidium iodide (PI) was used to stain cells with damaged membranes ("dead cells"). Another derivative of the strain (tagged with the firefly luciferase gene [luc]) was used to monitor the metabolic activity of the cell population, since the bioluminescence phenotype is dependent on cellular energy reserves. When the cells were incubated in soil at 28 degrees C, the majority were stained with PI, indicating that they had lost their cell integrity. In addition, there was a corresponding decline in metabolic activity and in the ability to be grown in cultures on agar plates after incubation in soil at 28 degrees C, indicating that the cells were dying under those conditions. When the cells were incubated in soil at 5 degrees C, by contrast, the majority of the cells remained intact and a large fraction of the population remained metabolically active. A similar trend towards better cell survival at lower temperatures was found in pure-culture experiments. These results make A. chlorophenolicus A6 a good candidate for the treatment of chlorophenol-contaminated soil in cold climates.
Bacon LD, Fulton JE, Kulkarni GB (2004) Methods for evaluating and developing commercial chicken strains free of endogenous subgroup E avian leukosis virus. Avian Pathol 33 :233-243
The genome of nearly all chickens contains various DNA proviral insertions of retroviruses of subgroup E avian leukosis virus (ALVE). However, the elimination or control of ALVE gene expression is desirable to improve productivity, to improve resistance to avian leukosis virus (ALV)-induced tumours, and to develop safer live virus vaccines in chick embryos and cultured chick cells. Restriction fragment length polymorphism and polymerase chain reaction methods are used to define the presence of ALVE genes ; and the expression of ALVE in chicken plasma or on cells, and the susceptibility of cells to ALVE is determined by flow cytometry using a specific (R2) antibody. ADOL line 0 chickens have been selected to be free of ALVE genes, while being resistant (i.e. lack receptors to ALVE), but susceptible to exogenous ALV (i.e. ALVA, ALVB, ALVC and ALVJ). To develop improved line 0-type chickens, ADOL line 0 was outcrossed to a commercial line that had one ALVE gene and evidence for ALVE resistance. Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) challenge was used to confirm resistance of F1 chickens to ALVE, and susceptibility of F2 breeders to ALVA and ALVB using test chicks produced by matings to line 7(2). Selected F2 breeders were resistant to ALVE, but susceptible to exogenous ALVA, ALVB, ALVC and ALVJ, based on challenge tests of progeny chick cells using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The new line, 0(1), has evidence for improved egg size, productivity, fertility and hatchability. Similar procedures may be used for development of productive ALVE free chicken lines with preferred ALV susceptibility traits.
Baek YU, Kim YR, Yim HS, Kang SO (2004) Disruption of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase results in absolute glutathione auxotrophy and apoptosis in Candida albicans. FEBS Lett 556 :47-52
Glutathione is the most abundant non-protein thiol and a major source of reducing equivalents in eukaryotes. We examined the role of glutathione in Candida albicans by the disruption of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (GCS1), an essential enzyme in glutathione biosynthesis. The gcs1/gcs1 null mutants exhibited glutathione auxotrophy, which could be rescued by supplementing with reduced and oxidized glutathione and gamma-glutamylcysteine. When the mutants were depleted of glutathione, they showed typical markers of apoptosis. These results suggest that glutathione itself is an essential metabolite and C. albicans lacking GCS1 undergoes apoptosis.
Bahl MI, Sorensen SJ, Hestbjerg Hansen L (2004) Quantification of plasmid loss in Escherichia coli cells by use of flow cytometry. FEMS Microbiol Lett 232 :45-49
A method was developed to study plasmid stability in Escherichia coli cells, which utilised the high speed analysis properties of flow cytometry. To discriminate between plasmid-harbouring cells and plasmid-free cells a plasmid-encoded Lac repressor protein was used to regulate the expression of a chromosomally inserted green fluorescent protein gene in the host cells. Flow cytometric analysis enabled detection and quantification of plasmid-free cells due to their green fluorescent phenotype. The reported system offers real-time analysis in combination with a very low detection level of plasmid loss in bacterial populations. This could be useful in future investigations of plasmid stability and population selection in bacterial communities.
Banks DJ, Porcella SF, Barbian KD, Beres SB, Philips LE, Voyich JM, DeLeo FR, Martin JM, Somerville GA, Musser JM (2004) Progress toward characterization of the group A Streptococcus metagenome : complete genome sequence of a macrolide-resistant serotype M6 strain. J Infect Dis 190 :727-738
We describe the genome sequence of a macrolide-resistant strain (MGAS10394) of serotype M6 group A Streptococcus (GAS). The genome is 1,900,156 bp in length, and 8 prophage-like elements or remnants compose 12.4% of the chromosome. A 8.3-kb prophage remnant encodes the SpeA4 variant of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A. The genome of strain MGAS10394 contains a chimeric genetic element composed of prophage genes and a transposon encoding the mefA gene conferring macrolide resistance. This chimeric element also has a gene encoding a novel surface-exposed protein (designated "R6 protein"), with an LPKTG cell-anchor motif located at the carboxyterminus. Surface expression of this protein was confirmed by flow cytometry. Humans with GAS pharyngitis caused by serotype M6 strains had antibody against the R6 protein present in convalescent, but not acute, serum samples. Our studies add to the theme that GAS prophage-encoded extracellular proteins contribute to host-pathogen interactions in a strain-specific fashion.
Barc MC, Bourlioux F, Rigottier-Gois L, Charrin-Sarnel C, Janoir C, Boureau H, Dore J, Collignon A (2004) Effect of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid on human fecal flora in a gnotobiotic mouse model assessed with fluorescence hybridization using group-specific 16S rRNA probes in combination with flow cytometry. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 48 :1365-1368
Predominant groups of bacteria from a human fecal flora-associated mouse model challenged with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid were quantified with fluorescence in situ hybridization combined with flow cytometry using specific 16S rRNA targeted oligonucleotide probes. This approach provides a useful tool with high throughput to evaluate fecal microflora under antibiotic treatment.
Batista da Silva AP, Lee W, Bajenova E, McCulloch CA, Ellen RP (2004) The major outer sheath protein of Treponema denticola inhibits the binding step of collagen phagocytosis in fibroblasts. Cell Microbiol 6 :485-498
Bacterial infections contribfute to the chronicity of connective tissue lesions in part by perturbing extracellular matrix remodelling processes. We examined a novel mechanism by which the major outer sheath protein (Msp) of the spirochaete Treponema denticola disrupts matrix remodelling mediated by intracellular digestion of collagen. The initial collagen-binding step of phagocytosis was examined in human gingival fibroblasts and Rat-2 fibroblasts. Cells were pretreated with Msp or vehicle, and binding of collagen-coated beads was measured by flow cytometry. Exposure to Msp induced a dose- and time-dependent decrease in cells that bound collagen beads ; the inhibition of binding was reversed by absorption with anti-Msp antibodies. Msp-treated fibroblasts remained viable but underwent actin reorganization, including the assembly of a dense meshwork of subcortical actin filaments. Shear force assays showed that Msp abrogated collagen-binding interactions in the minimal affinity range required for stable adhesion. Fluorescence microscopy and immunoblotting showed equivalent amounts of beta1 integrin associated with collagen beads bound to Msp- and vehicle-treated cells. Photobleaching experiments found a similar percentage mobile fraction of beta1 integrins recovered in bleached areas of the plasma membrane. In contrast, Msp-induced inhibition of collagen binding was reversed by beta1 integrin affinity-activating antibodies and by latrunculin B, which prevented subcortical actin assembly. We conclude that native Msp of T. denticola inhibits the binding step of collagen phagocytosis in fibroblasts by inducing subcortical actin filament assembly and restricting affinity modulation of beta1 integrins. We suggest that, like Msp, bacterial toxins that target the cytoskeleton may also perturb the signalling networks required for cellular engagement of matrix ligands.
Belibasakis GN, Mattsson A, Wang Y, Chen C, Johansson A (2004) Cell cycle arrest of human gingival fibroblasts and periodontal ligament cells by Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans : involvement of the cytolethal distending toxin. Apmis 112 :674-685
The cytolethal distending toxin (Cdt) is produced by several Gram-negative bacterial species and causes growth arrest and morphological alterations in mammalian cells. Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, which is involved in the pathogenesis of localized aggressive periodontitis, also produces a Cdt that affects periodontal connective tissue cells. The aim of this study was to investigate in which phase of the cell cycle these cells are arrested and enlarged when challenged with A. actinomycetemcomitans, and to evaluate the involvement of its Cdt. Human gingival fibroblasts and periodontal ligament cells were challenged with A. actinomycetemcomitans extract, or with purified Cdt, and cell cycle analysis was performed by propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry. Cells exposed to an A. actinomycetemcomitans wild-type strain, or to purified Cdt, were arrested in both G1 and G2/M phases, and appeared enlarged compared to the corresponding controls. The cellular enlargement occurred in both G1 and G2/M arrested cells. In contrast, cells exposed to an A. actinomycetemcomitans cdt-knockout mutant strain showed cell cycle phase distribution and size similar to the controls. In conclusion, A. actinomycetemcomitans causes a combined G1 and G2/M growth arrest and enlargement in periodontal connective tissue cells, which is attributed to its Cdt.
Berro AI, Perry GA, Agrawal DK (2004) Increased expression and activation of CD30 induce apoptosis in human blood eosinophils. J Immunol 173 :2174-2183
Eosinophils are one of the major effector cells in asthma, and controlling the number and survival of eosinophils might attenuate the severity of asthma. This result could be achieved by inducing eosinophil apoptosis. Apoptosis allows the removal of cells without inducing an inflammatory response. Our knowledge of the factors involved in regulating eosinophil apoptosis remains limited. CD30 molecule has been associated with T cell-negative selection and in TCR-mediated apoptosis. In this study we examined the expression and role of CD30 in apoptosis of human blood eosinophils. Percentage of apoptotic eosinophils was determined by annexin V-propidium iodide labeling, and CD30 expression was examined by flow cytometry. Spontaneous apoptosis was induced by serum deprivation, and survival was conferred by incubating cells with 10% FBS and IL-5. CD30 surface expression was up-regulated in eosinophils incubated for 24 h as compared with freshly isolated eosinophils, and both CD30 expression and eosinophil apoptosis increased in a time-dependent manner. We also measured CD30 mRNA expression by quantitative real-time RT-PCR and determined that CD30 transcripts increased in eosinophils undergoing apoptosis only under serum deprivation conditions. The agonistic CD30 Abs, Ber-H8 and HeFi-1, significantly enhanced eosinophil apoptosis. FBS and IL-5 failed to inhibit or suppress the CD30 agonistic-induced apoptosis. These data support the role of CD30 activation in eosinophil apoptosis. This research will help in furthering our understanding of eosinophil apoptosis and therefore might contribute to the development of better therapeutic modalities in the treatment and/or cure of allergic inflammation in bronchial asthma.
Beyer M, Bartz H, Horner K, Doths S, Koerner-Rettberg C, Schwarze J (2004) Sustained increases in numbers of pulmonary dendritic cells after respiratory syncytial virus infection. J Allergy Clin Immunol 113 :127-133
BACKGROUND : Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis in infants can lead to wheezing and early allergic sensitization. In mice, RSV infection enhances allergic airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness. Dendritic cells are critical in inducing T-cell responses to both viruses and allergens and could be pivotal in regulating interactions between these. OBJECTIVE : This study addresses the effects of RSV infection on phenotype and function of pulmonary dendritic cells. METHODS : BALB/c mice were infected with RSV, and expression of CD11c, MHC II, and CD86 on lung and spleen cells was monitored by flow cytometry for 21 days after infection. CD11c(+) cells were isolated to assess their phagocytic capacity and their ability to induce proliferation in allogenic T cells. RESULTS : Numbers of pulmonary CD11c(+) MHC II(hi) cells increased 13-fold starting from day 6 after RSV infection. This was associated with increased CD86 expression, reduced phagocytosis, and increased allogenic T-cell stimulatory capacity in CD11c(+) cells. These changes in the lung outlasted acute infection and were not observed in spleens. CONCLUSION : RSV infection results in sustained increases in numbers of mature dendritic cells in the lung. These might well contribute to the development of intense airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness after RSV infection and to enhancement of subsequent responses to allergen exposure.
Bhatia V, Sinha M, Luxon B, Garg N (2004) Utility of the Trypanosoma cruzi sequence database for identification of potential vaccine candidates by in silico and in vitro screening. Infect Immun 72 :6245-6254
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins are abundantly expressed in the infective and intracellular stages of Trypanosoma cruzi and are recognized as antigenic targets by both the humoral and cellular arms of the immune system. Previously, we demonstrated the efficacy of genes encoding GPI-anchored proteins in eliciting partially protective immunity to T. cruzi infection and disease, suggesting their utility as vaccine candidates. For the identification of additional vaccine targets, in this study we screened the T. cruzi expressed sequence tag (EST) and genomic sequence survey (GSS) databases. By applying a variety of web-based genome-mining tools to the analysis of approximately 2,500 sequences, we identified 348 (37.6%) EST and 260 (17.4%) GSS sequences encoding novel parasite-specific proteins. Of these, 19 sequences exhibited the characteristics of secreted and/or membrane-associated GPI proteins. Eight of the selected sequences were amplified to obtain genes TcG1, TcG2, TcG3, TcG4, TcG5, TcG6, TcG7, and TcG8 (TcG1-TcG8) which are expressed in different developmental stages of the parasite and conserved in the genome of a variety of T. cruzi strains. Flow cytometry confirmed the expression of the antigens encoded by the cloned genes as surface proteins in trypomastigote and/or amastigote stages of T. cruzi. When delivered as a DNA vaccine, genes TcG1-TcG6 elicited a parasite-specific antibody response in mice. Except for TcG5, antisera to genes TcG1-TcG6 exhibited trypanolytic activity against the trypomastigote forms of T. cruzi, a property known to correlate with the immune control of T. cruzi. Taken together, our results validate the applicability of bioinformatics in genome mining, resulting in the identification of T. cruzi membrane-associated proteins that are potential vaccine candidates.
Bhuyan PK, Kariko K, Capodici J, Lubinski J, Hook LM, Friedman HM, Weissman D (2004) Short interfering RNA-mediated inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 1 gene expression and function during infection of human keratinocytes. J Virol 78 :10276-10281
RNA interference (RNAi) is an antiviral mechanism that is activated when double-stranded RNA is cleaved into fragments, called short interfering RNA (siRNA), that prime an inducible gene silencing enzyme complex. We applied RNAi against a herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) gene, glycoprotein E, which mediates cell-to-cell spread and immune evasion. In an in vitro model of infection, human keratinocytes were transfected with siRNA specific for glycoprotein E and then infected with wild-type HSV-1. RNAi-mediated gene silencing reproduced the small plaque phenotype of a gE-deletion mutant virus. The specificity of gene targeting was demonstrated by flow cytometry and Northern blot analyses. Exogenous siRNA can suppress HSV-1 glycoprotein E expression and function during active infection in vitro through RNAi. This work establishes RNAi as a genetic tool for the study of HSV and provides a foundation for development of RNAi as a novel antiviral therapy.
Bobryshev YV, Cao W, Phoon MC, Tran D, Chow VT, Lord RS, Lu J (2004) Detection of Chlamydophila pneumoniae in dendritic cells in atherosclerotic lesions. Atherosclerosis 173 :185-195
Dendritic cells (DCs) populate atherosclerotic lesions and might be involved in the regulation of immune reactions in atherosclerosis. The present work was undertaken to examine a possible association of DCs with Chlamydophila pneumoniae in human atherosclerotic plaques obtained by endarterectomy. C. pneumoniae was identified in 17 of 60 (28%) atherosclerotic plaques by a combination of immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Double immunohistochemistry identified the presence of C. pneumoniae within S100(+) DCs that were localised predominantly in the deep layer of the intima under the necrotic core. Quantitative analysis showed that there were no differences in the numbers of DCs between C. pneumoniae(+) and C. pneumoniae(-) groups of atherosclerotic specimens. There were also no differences in the expression of Lag-antigen and HLA-DR by DCs between the groups of specimens. Markers of DC activation CD80 and CD86 were absent from both groups of specimens. Flow cytometry analysis of the effects of C. pneumoniae infection on immature monocyte-derived DCs in vitro showed no changes in the expression of CD1a, MHC class II, CD80 and CD86. The results of this study demonstrate that C. pneumoniae might infect DCs within the atherosclerotic intima but whether the presence of C. pneumoniae in DCs affects the intensity of immune reactions in atherosclerosis needs further clarification.
Bohm E, Voglauer R, Steinfellner W, Kunert R, Borth N, Katinger H (2004) Screening for improved cell performance : selection of subclones with altered production kinetics or improved stability by cell sorting. Biotechnol Bioeng 88 :699-706
One of the major problems in the biotechnology industry is the selection of cell lines well suited for production of biopharmaceutical proteins. Usually, the most important selection criterion is the cell specific production rate. Nevertheless, a good producer cell line should have a number of additional advantageous properties, which allow the cell line to perform well in the type of bioreactor chosen for the process. However, the time and work required to select for high production rates as well as the lack of methods to specifically select for other cellular properties, usually prevents researchers from including such criteria into their screening program.With the Single Cell Secretion Assay it is possible to measure the specific production rates of individual cells by catching secreted product in an artificial matrix applied to the cell surface. Flow cytometric cell sorting then allows selection of rare cells with high production rates, which occur at frequencies as low as 10(-6). By combining this method with culture conditions that bring out a desired cellular property, we were able to isolate subclones with similar production rates, but improved performance from a recombinant Chinese hamster ovary cell line producing a human monoclonal antibody. The two desired cellular properties screened for were a non-growth associated production kinetic and improved stability in the absence of selective pressure.
Bosch A, Pinto RM, Comas J, Abad FX (2004) Detection of infectious rotaviruses by flow cytometry. Methods Mol Biol 268 :61-68
Human rotaviruses are considered the main cause of viral gastroenteritis in infants and young children throughout the world. Their transmission is through the fecal-oral route, mostly after ingestion of contaminated water and food. Since an extremely high number of virus particles are present in the feces during the acute gastroenteritis, methods based on electron microscopy, passive particle agglutination tests, or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays are readily employed for clinical diagnosis. However, the sensitivity of these procedures is not high enough to detect the low number of viral particles sometimes present in the environment. In the case of environmental samples, amplification of viral nucleic acids by polymerase chain reaction assays coupled to reverse transcription (RT-PCR) has been increasingly applied to detect rotaviruses in water and shellfish samples. However, procedures based on molecular approaches have to face the drawback that they do not differentiate between infectious and noninfectious particles, which is of major relevance from the public health point of view.Virus propagation in cell culture prior to detection by immunological or molecular procedures accomplishes the dual purpose of increasing the amount of target material and incorporating an infectivity assay as well.Wild-type rotaviruses present difficulties in their in vitro replication, although some of them may be adapted to grow in several cell lines such as the monkey kidney cell line MA104 or the human intestinal cell line CaCo-2. More than a decade ago, an assay for the specific detection of infectious rotaviruses in environmental samples, involving an indirect immunofluorescence test (IIF) and optical microscopy (OM) counting of infected foci in infected MA-104 cell monolayers, was described. On the other hand, CaCo-2 cells have been successfully employed in our laboratory for infectivity assays of several fastidious enteric virus strains present in water samples.
Brehm-Stecher BF, Johnson EA (2004) Single-cell microbiology : tools, technologies, and applications. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 68 :538-559
The field of microbiology has traditionally been concerned with and focused on studies at the population level. Information on how cells respond to their environment, interact with each other, or undergo complex processes such as cellular differentiation or gene expression has been obtained mostly by inference from population-level data. Individual microorganisms, even those in supposedly "clonal" populations, may differ widely from each other in terms of their genetic composition, physiology, biochemistry, or behavior. This genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity has important practical consequences for a number of human interests, including antibiotic or biocide resistance, the productivity and stability of industrial fermentations, the efficacy of food preservatives, and the potential of pathogens to cause disease. New appreciation of the importance of cellular heterogeneity, coupled with recent advances in technology, has driven the development of new tools and techniques for the study of individual microbial cells. Because observations made at the single-cell level are not subject to the "averaging" effects characteristic of bulk-phase, population-level methods, they offer the unique capacity to observe discrete microbiological phenomena unavailable using traditional approaches. As a result, scientists have been able to characterize microorganisms, their activities, and their interactions at unprecedented levels of detail.
Brussaard CP (2004) Optimization of procedures for counting viruses by flow cytometry. Appl Environ Microbiol 70 :1506-1513
The development of sensitive nucleic acid stains, in combination with flow cytometric techniques, has allowed the identification and enumeration of viruses in aquatic systems. However, the methods used in flow cytometric analyses of viruses have not been consistent to date. A detailed evaluation of a broad range of sample preparations to optimize counts and to promote the consistency of methods used is presented here. The types and concentrations of dyes, fixatives, dilution media, and additives, as well as temperature and length of incubation, dilution factor, and storage conditions were tested. A variety of different viruses, including representatives of phytoplankton viruses, cyanobacteriophages, coliphages, marine bacteriophages, and natural mixed marine virus communities were examined. The conditions that produced optimal counting results were fixation with glutaraldehyde (0.5% final concentration, 15 to 30 min), freezing in liquid nitrogen, and storage at -80 degrees C. Upon thawing, samples should be diluted in Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 8), stained with SYBR Green I (a 5 x 10(-5) dilution of commercial stock), incubated for 10 min in the dark at 80 degrees C, and cooled for 5 min prior to analysis. The results from examinations of storage conditions clearly demonstrated the importance of low storage temperatures (at least -80 degrees C) to prevent strong decreases (occasionally 50 to 80% of the total) in measured total virus abundance with time.
Bryndorf T, Kirchhoff M, Larsen J, Andreasson B, Bjerregaard B, Westh H, Rose H, Lundsteen C (2004) The most common chromosome aberration detected by high-resolution comparative genomic hybridization in vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia is not seen in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma. Cytogenet Genome Res 106 :43-48
We analyzed genetic changes in condylomas (four cases), vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia I-III (VIN I-III, eleven cases), and primary vulvar squamous cell carcinomas (VSCC, ten cases) by high-resolution comparative genomic hybridization (HR-CGH) and flowcytometry. All samples were also human papilloma virus (HPV)-genotyped. Gain of chromosome 1, the aberration most often seen in VIN III (67%), was not seen in HPV-positive or -negative VSCCs (0%). Both VIN III and VSCC frequently showed gain of 3q (56 and 70%, respectively). The VIN III samples often demonstrated gain of 20q (56%) and 20p (44%), and the VSCC samples gain of 8q (60%), loss of 3p (50%), and 8p (40%). None of the four most frequent changes in the VSCC samples occurred exclusively in the HPV-positive or -negative samples. As expected, we did not find any cytogenetic changes in condylomas and nearly any changes in VIN I-II.
Budge PJ, Li Y, Beeler JA, Graham BS (2004) RhoA-derived peptide dimers share mechanistic properties with other polyanionic inhibitors of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), including disruption of viral attachment and dependence on RSV G. J Virol 78 :5015-5022
Large polyanionic molecules, such as sulfated polysaccharides (including soluble heparin and dextran sulfate), synthetic polyanionic polymers, and negatively charged proteins, have been shown to broadly inhibit several enveloped viruses. We recently reported the antiviral activity of a peptide derived from amino acids 77 to 95 of a potential binding partner of respiratory syncytial virus F protein (RSV F), the GTPase RhoA. A subsequent study with a truncated peptide (amino acids 80 to 94) revealed that optimal antiviral activity required dimerization via intermolecular disulfide bonds. We report here that the net negative charge of this peptide is also a determining factor for its antiviral activity and that it, like other polyanions, inhibits virus attachment. In a flow cytometry-based binding assay, peptide 80-94, heparin, and dextran sulfate inhibited the attachment of virus to cells at 4 degrees C at the same effective concentrations at which they prevent viral infectivity. Interestingly, time-of-addition experiments revealed that peptide 80-94 and soluble heparin were also able to inhibit the infectivity of a virus that had been prebound to cells at 4 degrees C, as had previously been shown for dextran sulfate, suggesting a potential role for postattachment effects of polyanions on RSV entry. Neutralization experiments with recombinant viruses showed that the antiviral activities of peptide 80-94 and dextran sulfate were diminished in the absence of the RSV attachment glycoprotein (G). Taken together, these data indicate that the antiviral activity of RhoA-derived peptides is functionally similar to that of other polyanions, is dependent on RSV G, and does not specifically relate to a protein-protein interaction between F and RhoA.
Busetto S, Trevisan E, Patriarca P, Menegazzi R (2004) A single-step, sensitive flow cytofluorometric assay for the simultaneous assessment of membrane-bound and ingested Candida albicans in phagocytosing neutrophils. Cytometry A 58 :201-206
BACKGROUND : Distinguishing ingested particles from those attached to the cell surface is an essential requirement when performing quantitative studies of phagocytosis. In the present report, we describe a simple, sensitive and reliable flow cytofluorometric method that achieves this goal in a Candida albicans-human neutrophils (PMN) system. METHODS : The assay is based on the observation that the vital dye trypan blue (TB), while quenching the green fluorescence of fluorescein-labeled C. albicans, causes them to fluoresce red. PMN were incubated with fluorescein-labeled yeast particles for the required time. Aliquots of the incubation mixtures were then promptly diluted with an equal volume of a TB solution at pH 4.0, and subsequently analyzed by flow cytometry for green and red fluorescence. RESULTS : Since TB does not penetrate into the cells, ingested yeasts retain their green fluorescence, while membrane-bound particles display a red fluorescence. CONCLUSIONS : Our fluorescence flow cytometric method enables to simultaneously distinguish, within the leukocyte population, cell subsets with attached and ingested yeast particles. Its major features are : (1) accuracy, sensitivity and reproducibility ; (2) no further sample manipulations after completion of phagocytosis ; (3) possibility of counting free, attached and internalized yeast particles ; and (4) use of a nontoxic reagent (TB).
Caballero S, Abad FX, Loisy F, Le Guyader FS, Cohen J, Pinto RM, Bosch A (2004) Rotavirus virus-like particles as surrogates in environmental persistence and inactivation studies. Appl Environ Microbiol 70 :3904-3909
Virus-like particles (VLPs) with the full-length VP2 and VP6 rotavirus capsid proteins, produced in the baculovirus expression system, have been evaluated as surrogates of human rotavirus in different environmental scenarios. Green fluorescent protein-labeled VLPs (GFP-VLPs) and particles enclosing a heterologous RNA (pseudoviruses), whose stability may be monitored by flow cytometry and antigen capture reverse transcription-PCR, respectively, were used. After 1 month in seawater at 20 degrees C, no significant differences were observed between the behaviors of GFP-VLPs and of infectious rotavirus, whereas pseudovirus particles showed a higher decay rate. In the presence of 1 mg of free chlorine (FC)/liter both tracers persisted longer in freshwater at 20 degrees C than infectious viruses, whereas in the presence of 0.2 mg of FC/liter no differences were observed between tracers and infectious rotavirus at short contact times. However, from 30 min of contact with FC onward, the decay of infectious rotavirus was higher than that of recombinant particles. The predicted Ct value for a 90% reduction of GFP-VLPs or pseudoviruses induces a 99.99% inactivation of infectious rotavirus. Both tracers were more resistant to UV light irradiation than infectious rotavirus in fresh and marine water. The effect of UV exposure was more pronounced on pseudovirus than in GFP-VLPs. In all types of water, the UV dose to induce a 90% reduction of pseudovirus ensures a 99.99% inactivation of infectious rotavirus. Recombinant virus surrogates open new possibilities for the systematic validation of virus removal practices in actual field situations where pathogenic agents cannot be introduced.
Callister SM, Jobe DA, Schell RF (2004) Detection of borreliacidal antibodies by flow cytometry. Curr Protoc Cytom Chapter 11 :Unit 11 15
Lyme disease is a multisystem disorder that usually begins with a skin lesion called erythema migrans and with constitutional symptoms. If the disease is left untreated or treated inappropriately, dissemination of the organism can lead to more severe sequelae, including nervous system disorders or arthritis. Vaccinations with B. burgdorferi or several individual B. burgdorferi proteins induce borreliacidal antibodies that provide protection against infection by inducing a complement cascade that kills the spirochetes without the necessity of scavenging by phagocytic cells. Detection of borreliacidal antibodies is therefore useful for serodiagnosing Lyme disease and monitoring immune status after vaccination. This unit provides a technique for detecting anti-B. burgdorferi antibodies, as well as for preparing and determining the quality of Barbour-Stoenner-Kelly (BSK medium) and complement. In addition, methods are provided for preparation of a B. burgdorferi stock and Mueller-Hinton agar containing Bacillus subtilis spores.
Cao ZY, Zhao J, Liao QP, Yang YS, Zhou L, Zeng Y (2004) [Immortalization of human embryonic cervical epithelial cells induced by E6, E7 genes of human papillomavirus 16]. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 39 :486-488
OBJECTIVE : To establish an immortalized cell line derived from the embryonic cervical epithelium by infection with the recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) containing human papillomavirus (HPV)16 E6, E7, and to study the biological features of cervical cancer cell line. METHODS : Human embryonic cervical tissues were cultured in keratinocyte free serum (K-FS) medium and infected with rAAV containing HPV16 E6, E7. Morphological features and growth rate were examined by light, electronic and fluorescence microscopies. The fragments of E6, E7 were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and laser confocal microscopy. The biological characteristics of human cervical epithelium were observed by soft agar culture, scid mice inoculation and chromosome analysis. Cell proliferative dynamics was plotted by flow cytometry. RESULTS : After a long-term culture, the phenotype kept the characteristics of primary epithelial cells. They showed monolayer, anchorage-dependent and attachment-inhibited growth without forming colonies in soft agar culture. They were non-oncogenic when inoculated into scid mice. The tonofilament expression in the cervical cancer cells was inspected by electronic microscopy, demonstrating that the cells were squamous epithelium in origin. The cell line contained HPV16 E6, E7 genes by PCR and laser confocal detection. Chromosome analysis disclosed that the karyotype was diploid or polyploid. The 11th chromosome was assumed to be the integration site by rAAV containing HPV16 E6, E7. CONCLUSIONS : Establishment of the immortalized cervical epithelial cell line by infection with rAAV containing HPV16 E6, E7, supports that HPV16 E6, E7 may be the primary etiology of cervical cancer. It will facilitate further research on the etiology and pathogenesis of cervical cancer.
Carneiro CR, Postol E, Nomizo R, Reis LF, Brentani RR (2004) Identification of enolase as a laminin-binding protein on the surface of Staphylococcus aureus. Microbes Infect 6 :604-608
We have previously demonstrated that Staphylococcus aureus, a highly invasive bacteria, presents a 52-kDa surface protein that mediates its binding to laminin. In order to better characterize this receptor, we excised this putative laminin receptor from two-dimensional (2-D) PAGE and used it as antigen for raising a mouse hyperimmune serum which was for screening an S. aureus expression library. A single clone of 0.3 kb was obtained, and its sequence revealed 100% homology with S. aureus alpha-enolase. Moreover, amino acid sequencing of the 52-kDa protein eluted from the 2-D gel indicated its molecular homology with alpha-enolase, an enzyme that presents a high evolutionary conservation among species. In parallel, monoclonal antibodies raised against the S. aureus 52-kDa band also recognized yeast alpha-enolase in western blot analysis. These monoclonal antibodies were also able to promote capture of iodine-labeled bacteria when adsorbed to a solid phase, and this capture was inhibited by the addition of excess rabbit muscle alpha-enolase. Finally, the cell surface localization of S. aureus alpha-enolase was further confirmed by flow cytometry. Hence, alpha-enolase might play a critical role in the pathogenesis of S. aureus by allowing its adherence to laminin-containing extracellular matrix.
Chandler DP, Jarrell AE (2004) Automated purification and suspension array detection of 16S rRNA from soil and sediment extracts by using tunable surface microparticles. Appl Environ Microbiol 70 :2621-2631
Autonomous, field-deployable molecular detection systems require seamless integration of complex biochemical solutions and physical or mechanical processing steps. In an attempt to simplify the fluidic requirements for integrated biodetection systems, we used tunable surface microparticles both as an rRNA affinity purification resin in a renewable microcolumn sample preparation system and as the sensor surface in a flow cytometer detector. The tunable surface detection limits in both low- and high-salt buffers were 1 ng of total RNA ( approximately 10(4) cell equivalents) in 15-min test tube hybridizations and 10 ng of total RNA ( approximately 10(5) cell equivalents) in hybridizations with the automated system (30-s contact time). RNA fragmentation was essential for achieving tunable surface suspension array specificity. Chaperone probes reduced but did not completely eliminate cross-hybridization, even with probes sharing <50% identity to target sequences. Nonpurified environmental extracts did not irreparably affect our ability to classify color-coded microparticles, but residual environmental constituents significantly quenched the Alexa-532 reporter fluor. Modulating surface charge did not influence the interaction of soluble environmental contaminants with conjugated beads. The automated system greatly reduced the effects of fluorescence quenching, especially in the soil background. The automated system was as efficacious as manual methods for simultaneous sample purification, hybridization, and washing prior to flow cytometry detection. The implications of unexpected target cross-hybridization and fluorescence quenching are discussed relative to the design and implementation of an integrated microbial monitoring system.
Chia JS, Lin YL, Lien HT, Chen JY (2004) Platelet aggregation induced by serotype polysaccharides from Streptococcus mutans. Infect Immun 72 :2605-2617
Platelet aggregation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of infective endocarditis induced by viridans streptococci or staphylococci. Aggregation induced in vitro involves direct binding of bacteria to platelets through multiple surface components. Using platelet aggregometry, we demonstrated in this study that two Streptococcus mutans laboratory strains, GS-5 and Xc, and two clinical isolates could aggregate platelets in an irreversible manner in rabbit platelet-rich plasma preparations. The aggregation was partially inhibited by prostaglandin I(2) (PGI(2)) in a dose-dependent manner. Whole bacteria and heated bacterial cell wall extracts were able to induce aggregation. Cell wall polysaccharides extracted from the wild-type Xc strain, containing serotype-specific polysaccharides which are composed of rhamnose-glucose polymers (RGPs), could induce platelet aggregation in the presence of plasma. Aggregation induced by the serotype-specific RGP-deficient mutant Xc24R was reduced by 50% compared to the wild-type strain Xc. In addition, cell wall polysaccharides extracted from Xc24R failed to induce platelet aggregation. The Xc strain, but not the Xc24R mutant, could induce platelet aggregation when preincubated with plasma. Both Xc and Xc24R failed to induce platelets to aggregate in plasma depleted of immunoglobulin G (IgG), but aggregation was restored by replenishment of anti-serotype c IgG. Analysis by flow cytometry showed that S. mutans RGPs could bind directly to rabbit and human platelets. Furthermore, cell wall polysaccharides extracted from the Xc, but not the Xc24R, strain could induce pseudopod formation of both rabbit and human platelets in the absence of plasma. Distinct from the aggregation of rabbit platelets, bacterium-triggered aggregation of human platelets required a prolonged lag phase and could be blocked completely by PGI(2). RGPs also trigger aggregation of human platelets in a donor-dependent manner, either as a transient and reversible or a complete and irreversible response. These results indicated that serotype-specific RGPs, a soluble product of S. mutans, could directly bind to and activate platelets from both rabbit and human. In the presence of plasma containing IgG specific to RGPs, RGPs could trigger aggregation of both human and rabbit platelets, but the degree of aggregation in human platelets depends on the donors.
Comitini F, Di Pietro N, Zacchi L, Mannazzu I, Ciani M (2004) Kluyveromyces phaffii killer toxin active against wine spoilage yeasts : purification and characterization. Microbiology 150 :2535-2541
The killer toxin secreted by Kluyveromyces phaffii (KpKt) is active against spoilage yeast under winemaking conditions and thus has potential applications in the biocontrol of undesired micro-organisms in the wine industry. Biochemical characterization and N-terminal sequencing of the purified toxin show that KpKt is a glycosylated protein with a molecular mass of 33 kDa. Moreover, it shows 93% and 80% identity to a beta-1,3-glucanase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and a beta-1,3-glucan transferase of Candida albicans, respectively, and it is active on laminarin and glucan, thus showing a beta-glucanase activity. Competitive inhibition of killer activity by cell-wall polysaccharides suggests that glucan (beta-1,3 and beta-1,6 branched glucans) represents the first receptor site of the toxin on the envelope of the sensitive target. Flow cytometry analysis of the sensitive target after treatment with KpKt and K1 toxin of S. cerevisiae, known to cause loss of cell viability via formation of pores in the cell membrane, suggests a different mode of action for KpKt.
Condron CM, Toomey DM, Casey RG, Creagh T, Bouchier-Hayes DJ (2004) Taurine protects against PMN dysfunction and death in urine. Urol Res 32 :338-345
The polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) is the primary pro-inflammatory cell in the host response to bacterial infection and, as the first line of defence, is the principal cell responsible for the recognition, phagocytosis and killing of bacteria. PMN function is known to be defective in the urine. High osmolarity is physiologic in the urine and this hypertonic environment has been shown to compromise neutrophil function. In this study, PMN function was found to be suppressed in urine. This correlated with significant cell death, both by apoptosis and necrosis. The amino acid taurine down regulated PMN cell death and preserved function in the urine, suggesting taurine as a therapeutic option for urinary tract infection.
Crapnell KB, Almeida-Porada G, Khaiboullina S, St Jeor SC, Zanjani ED (2004) Human haematopoietic stem cells that mediate long-term in vivo engraftment are not susceptible to infection by human cytomegalovirus. Br J Haematol 124 :676-684
A human/sheep xenograft model was used to evaluate whether long-term engrafting haematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are susceptible to human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection. CD34+ Lin- HSC were isolated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) from the bone marrow (BM) of HCMV-positive and HCMV-negative normal donors. Cells from the latter group were infected in vitro with HCMV. HCMV DNA was detected in both cell populations by nested-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Cells were transplanted into separate groups of fetal sheep at concentrations of 1.3-5.0 x 105 cells per fetus. Multilineage human haematopoietic cell engraftment, including CD34+ cells, was detected in the BM and peripheral blood of recipients up to 16 months post-transplant as assessed by FACS analysis and PCR for HLA-DQalpha. Levels of engraftment varied (1.2-24.3%) but no sheep exhibited HCMV-positive cells. To ensure that our inability to detect HCMV-positive cells was not due to immune-elimination of HCMV-infected cells, 3.8-10 x 105 HCMV-positive uncharacterized BM stromal cells were transplanted into fetal sheep. At 5 weeks post-transplant several organs were HLA-DQalpha- and HCMV-positive, confirming that HCMV was detectable. These results provide evidence that the long-term engrafting HSC is not a primary target of HCMV and suggest that HCMV infection of human haematopoietic cells is exercised at the level of committed progenitors.
Dave S, Carmicle S, Hammerschmidt S, Pangburn MK, McDaniel LS (2004) Dual roles of PspC, a surface protein of Streptococcus pneumoniae, in binding human secretory IgA and factor H. J Immunol 173 :471-477
Streptococcus pneumoniae, also known as the pneumococcus, contains several surface proteins that along with the polysaccharide capsule function in antiphagocytic activities and evasion of the host immune system. These pneumococcal proteins interact with the host immune system in various ways and possess a wide range of biological activities that suggests that they may be involved at different stages of pneumococcal infection. PspC, also known as CbpA and SpsA, is one of several pneumococcal surface proteins that binds host proteins, including factor H (FH) and secretory IgA (sIgA) via the secretory component. Previous work by our laboratory has demonstrated that PspC on the surface of live pneumococcal cells binds FH. This paper provides evidence that FH activity is maintained in the presence of PspC and that the PspC binding site is located in the short consensus repeat 6-10 region of FH. We also report for the first time that although both FH and sIgA binding has been localized to the alpha-helical domain of PspC, the binding of FH to PspC is not inhibited by sIgA. ELISA, surface plasmon resonance, and flow cytometry indicate that the two host proteins do not compete for binding with PspC and likely do not share the same binding sites. We confirmed by Western analysis that the binding sites are separate using recombinant PspC proteins. These PspC variants bind FH yet fail to bind sIgA. Thus, we conclude that FH and sIgA can bind concurrently to the alpha-helical region of PspC.
Dave S, Pangburn MK, Pruitt C, McDaniel LS (2004) Interaction of human factor H with PspC of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Indian J Med Res 119 Suppl :66-73
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES : Streptococcus pneumoniae has acquired virulence factors such as the polysaccharide capsule and various surface proteins, which prevent opsonization mediated by the complement system. PspC is one of the multi-functional pneumococcal surface proteins capable of eliciting an antibody response in mice. Our study further explores the role of pneumococcal surface proteins in resistance to complement mediated opsonophagocytosis by providing evidence that PspC binds human Factor H (FH), a regulatory protein of the alternative complement pathway. The present study was carried out to map the binding regions on PspC and FH, and to assess the functional activity of FH upon binding to PspC. METHODS : FH binding to D39 and other pneumococcal strains was observed by flow cytometry. A series of FH truncated and deletion mutants and PspC mutants were used to localize binding regions within these molecules. The functional activity of FH upon binding to PspC was measured by a haemolysis assay. RESULTS : FH binding to D39 and not to TRE108 (PspC-) cells was demonstrated by flow cytometry. Pneumococcal isolates of 14 different strains varied in their ability to bind FH. The binding region of FH within PspC to the first 225 amino acids of the alpha-helical domain was localized. The corresponding binding site for PspC is located within the SCR 6-10 region of FH. Haemolysis of rabbit red blood cells was inhibited by FH even in the presence of PspC. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION : FH binding is specific to PspC on the pneumococcal cell surface. The binding region on PspC mapped to the non-conserved N-terminal region of the alpha-helical domain. The binding site on FH to PspC is different from the active site that functions in degradation of C3b. A haemolysis assay provided evidence that the functional activity of FH was maintained upon binding to PspC. Thus, binding of FH to PspC might be an important mechanism by which S. pneumoniae resist complement activation and opsonophagocytosis.
Ding Y, Chung CS, Newton S, Chen Y, Carlton S, Albina JE, Ayala A (2004) Polymicrobial sepsis induces divergent effects on splenic and peritoneal dendritic cell function in mice. Shock 22 :137-144
Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells that act as sentinels in the cell-mediated response against invading pathogens associated with septic challenge. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether there is a loss of dendritic cells and/or changes in function of these cells in septic mice. Here we report that the number of DCs, in both spleen and peritoneum, decreased over 24 h postsepsis [cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)] when compared with sham. The most dramatic change was seen in the peritoneal cavity. This decrease appeared to be caused mainly by the depletion of immature DCs rather than mature DCs. This change was LPS independent and minimally affected by FasL ; however, overexpression of human Bcl-2 gene provides protection of the septic peritoneal DCs. Moreover, although the level of IL-12 release decreased significantly in splenic DCs obtained from CLP mice, IL-12 secretion was markedly elevated by peritoneal DCs as well as in both plasma and peritoneal fluid at 24 h post-CLP. In peritoneal cells, the expression of CD40, CD80, and CD86 was unchanged, but their respective ligands CD40L, CD28, and CD152 all increased in mice 24 h after CLP, although no such change was observed in splenocytes. Regardless of the presence or absence of antigen, peritoneal DCs from CLP mice showed higher capacity to stimulate T-cell proliferation than those cells from the sham control. However, splenic DCs from CLP mice only showed augmented capacity to induce antigen-dependent stimulation of T-cell proliferation. Together, these data indicate that sepsis produces divergent functional changes in splenic and peritoneal DC populations.
Du C, Zhang Q, Li C, Miao D, Gui J (2004) Induction of apoptosis in a carp leucocyte cell line infected with turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.) rhabdovirus. Virus Res 101 :119-126
A rhabdovirus was observed from the diseased turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.) with lethal syndrome. In this study, a carp leucocyte (CLC) cell line was used to investigate the infection process and cell death mechanism occurring during the virus infection. Strong cytopathogenic effect (CPE) and the morphological changes, such as extreme chromatin condensation, nucleus fragmentation, and apoptotic body formation, were observed under fluorescence microscopy after DAPI staining in the infected CLC cells. Transmission electron microscopy analysis showed cell shrinkage, plasma membrane blebbing, cytoplasm vacuolization, chromatin condensation, nuclear breakdown and formation of discrete apoptotic bodies. The bullet-shaped nucleocapsids were measured and ranged in size from 110 to 150 nm in length and 40 to 60 nm in diameter. And therefore the virus is called Scophthalmus maximus rhabdovirus (SMRV). Agarose gel electrophoresis analysis of the DNA extracted from infected cells showed typical DNA ladder in the course of SMRV infection. Flow cytometry analysis of SMRV infected CLC cells detected apoptotic peak in the virus infected CLC cells. Virus titre analysis and electron microscopic observation revealed that the virus replication fastigium was earlier than that of the apoptosis occurrence. No apoptosis was observed in the CLC infected with UV-inactivated SMRV. All these supported that SMRV infected CLC cells undergo apoptosis and the virus replication is necessary for apoptosis induction of CLC cells.
Elliott DE, Setiawan T, Metwali A, Blum A, Urban JF, Jr., Weinstock JV (2004) Heligmosomoides polygyrus inhibits established colitis in IL-10-deficient mice. Eur J Immunol 34 :2690-2698
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is prevalent in industrialized countries, but rare in less-developed countries. Helminths, common in less-developed countries, may induce immunoregulatory circuits protective against IBD. IL-10(-/-) mice given piroxicam develop severe and persistent colitis. Lamina propria mononuclear cells from colitic IL-10(-/-) mice released IFN-gamma and IL-12. The ongoing piroxicam-induced colitis could be partially blocked with anti-IL-12 monoclonal antibody suggesting that the inflammation was at least partly IL-12 dependent. Colonization of piroxicam-treated colitic IL-10(-/-) mice with Heligmosomoides polygyrus (an intestinal helminth) suppressed established inflammation and inhibited mucosal IL-12 and IFN-gamma production. H. polygyrus augmented mucosal IL-13, but not IL-4 or IL-5 production. Transfer of mesenteric lymph node (MLN) T cells from IL-10(-/-) animals harboring H. polygyrus into colitic IL-10(-/-) recipients inhibited colitis. MLN T cells from worm-free mice did not. Foxp3 (scurfin) drives regulatory T cell function. H. polygyrus enhanced Foxp3 mRNA expression in MLN T cells that had regulatory activity. This suggests that H. polygyrus inhibits ongoing IL-10(-/-) colitis in part through blocking mucosal Th1 cytokine production. Resolution of inflammation is associated with increased IL-13 production and can be adoptively transferred by MLN T cells.
Emerson SU, Nguyen H, Graff J, Stephany DA, Brockington A, Purcell RH (2004) In vitro replication of hepatitis E virus (HEV) genomes and of an HEV replicon expressing green fluorescent protein. J Virol 78 :4838-4846
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) RNA replication occurred in seven of nine primate cell cultures transfected with in vitro transcripts of an infectious cDNA clone. Cell-to-cell spread did not occur in cell cultures, but rhesus monkeys inoculated with lysates of HEV-transfected PLC/PRF/5 and Huh-7 cells became infected with HEV. A replicon with the ORF2 and ORF3 genes deleted and replaced with the green fluorescent protein gene also replicated in the same primate cells that supported the replication of the full-length genome. Fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis confirmed that the 7mG cap structure was critical for efficient infectivity, although replication could be initiated at a very low level in its absence. HEV virions were also able to infect a limited number of cells of certain lines.
Engelmann P, Molnar L, Palinkas L, Cooper EL, Nemeth P (2004) Earthworm leukocyte populations specifically harbor lysosomal enzymes that may respond to bacterial challenge. Cell Tissue Res 316 :391-401
Earthworm leukocytes (coelomocytes) are responsible for innate cellular immune functions such as phagocytosis and encapsulation against parasites and pathogens. Microbial killing results from the combined action of the phagocytic process with humoral immune factors such as agglutinins (e.g., lectins), lysosomal enzymes (e.g., acid phosphatase, lysozyme), and various cytotoxic and antimicrobial molecules. There is also evidence of weak adaptive immune responses against foreign transplants. This study focused on aspects of the innate immune response. First, anti-human acid phosphatase (anti-AcP) polyclonal antibody characterized different acid hydrolase patterns in coelomocytes. Second, flow cytometry identified a strongly immunoreactive coelomocyte population. Third, ultrastructural and cytochemical analyses revealed acid phosphatase in discrete granules (lysosomes) of effector hyaline and granular coelomocytes but not in mature chloragocytes. Coelomocytes were exposed to bacteria to assess how phagocytosis influences : (a) the production of acid phosphatase using Western blot, and (b) release of acid phosphatase using ELISA from cell-free coelomic fluid. Fourth, after phagocytosis, acid phosphatase levels differed between controls and experimentals. Fifth, we found a 39-kDa molecule that reacted intensely with anti-AcP. Our results suggest that effector earthworm coelomocytes may not eliminate pathogens only by phagocytosis but also by extracellular lysis.
Ferrari BC, Oregaard G, Sorensen SJ (2004) Recovery of GFP-labeled bacteria for culturing and molecular analysis after cell sorting using a benchtop flow cytometer. Microb Ecol 48 :239-245
Exciting opportunities exist for the application of simple fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) to microbiology. The technology is widely available, but critical reports on the efficiency of cell sorting using benchtop instruments are lacking. It is vital that single cell sorting be of the highest purity possible. If purity is compromised detrital material or unwanted cells will be captured along with target cells of interest. Here, the isolation of fluorescent bacteria using a benchtop FACSCalibur-sort flow cytometer is described. The efficiency and purity of isolated cells was determined using fluorescence microscopy, culturing, and molecular analysis. To achieve high purity it was essential that the total event rate did not exceed 300 cells per second. This instrument was capable of recovering >55% sorted Escherichia coli cells, coupled with a purity exceeding 99%. However, the purity of recovered cells was substantially reduced (<25%) when the event rate increased. Cell sorting onto polycarbonate membranes did not reduce the ability of E. coli to form colonies, and sorting of 1000 E. coli cells was sufficient for 16S rDNA amplification. Additionally, as few as 100 isolated Erwinia sp. carrying the gfp gene were amplified using seminested PCR targeting the single copy gfp gene. With such low numbers of bacteria being required for molecular identification, FACS can be achieved without the requirement for high-speed droplet cell sorters.
Flynn JC, Rao PV, Gora M, Alsharabi G, Wei W, Giraldo AA, David CS, Banga JP, Kong YM (2004) Graves’ hyperthyroidism and thyroiditis in HLA-DRB1*0301 (DR3) transgenic mice after immunization with thyrotropin receptor DNA. Clin Exp Immunol 135 :35-40
Familial and twin studies in Caucasians have established that the MHC class II allele HLA-DRB1*0301 (DR3) is a strong susceptibility gene in Graves’ hyperthyroid disease (GD). To determine if a DR3 transgene could help establish an animal model for GD, we expressed DR3 molecules in class II-knockout NOD mice (H2Ag7-). DR3+g7- mice were given cardiotoxin prior to immunization on weeks 0, 3 and 6 with plasmid DNA encoding human thyrotropin receptor (TSHR). Two groups of mice were also coimmunized with plasmid DNA for IL-4 or GM-CSF. Serial bleeds on weeks 8, 11 and 14 showed that approximately 20% of mice produced thyroid-stimulating antibodies (Abs), and approximately 25% had elevated T4 levels. In particular, a subset displayed both signs of hyperthyroidism, resulting in approximately 30% with some aspect of GD syndrome. Additional mice had thyroid-stimulating blocking Abs and/or TSH-binding inhibitory immunoglobulins, while most mice showed strong labelling of TSHR+ cells by flow cytometry. Interestingly, lymphocytic infiltration with thyroid damage and Abs to mouse thyroglobulin were also noted. Vector controls were uniformly negative. Thus, DR3 transgenic mice can serve as a model for GD, similar to our earlier reports that this allele is permissive for the Hashimoto’s thyroiditis model induced with human thyroglobulin.
Freeman A, Cohen-Hadar N, Abramov S, Modai-Hod R, Dror Y, Georgiou G (2004) Screening of large protein libraries by the cell immobilized on adsorbed bead approach. Biotechnol Bioeng 86 :196-200
Screening of mutant libraries for in vitro enzyme evolution is carried out primarily by physical separation of the cells, followed by growth of individual clones and screening of biocatalytic activity on the basis of color or fluorescence signal development. Currently, most frequently employed methods are labor-intensive or require robotic equipment, resulting in screening limited to a relatively small fraction of the potential inherent in a given library. In this study we present a design, development, and feasibility demonstration of a new screening approach, providing convenient handling of large libraries consisting of 106 to 107 clones and screening based on a simultaneous enzymatic assay with commercially available substrates. This new screening method is based on the "cell immobilized on adsorbed bead" approach : the cell population to be screened is mixed with an excess of medium pre-equilibrated polyacrylamide beads, chemically derivatized to affect quantitative cell immobilization by adsorption. The resulting bead population, comprising of single cell on a bead or blank beads, is then immobilized on a solid glass support. After removal of the freely flowing liquid, the cells immobilized on the adsorbed beads are allowed to grow into microcolonies, utilizing the medium retained within the supporting hydrogel matrix. These colonies are subsequently equilibrated with chromogenic or fluorogenic substrate and screening is affected under a stereomicroscope, resulting in readily retrieved of the most active colonies. This technique may be particularly useful when the screened mutants are expressed and displayed on the cell surface, providing an active and homogeneous "naturally immobilized" enzyme population with minimal substrate diffusion limitations.
Fulford MR, Walker JT, Martin MV, Marsh PD (2004) Total viable counts, ATP, and endotoxin levels as potential markers of microbial contamination of dental unit water systems. Br Dent J 196 :157-159 ; discussion 153
OBJECTIVES : To determine if either ATP or endotoxin concentrations in water supplied by dental unit water systems (DUWS) correlated with total viable counts (TVC), and therefore could be used as a rapid, chairside measure of levels of microbial contamination. DESIGN : A prospective trial. METHOD : Fifty-seven water samples were taken from the ’triple spray’, air rotor and source water supplies from 25 dental units in eight practices. The samples were assayed for endotoxin concentration, total ATP and TVC. A pilot study was performed to assess the relationship between TVC and total cell counts, as determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS : ATP concentrations ranged from 22 to 958 relative light units (RLU) and free endotoxin ranged from 25 to 600 EU ml(-1). TVC varied from not detected to 2.16 x 10(4) CFU ml(-1). The ATP method proved to be a simple and rapid method that could be used at the chairside. However, there was no correlation between ATP or endotoxin concentrations and TVC in DUWS. TVC generally underestimated the total cell count by 50 to 500 fold. CONCLUSION : Half of the water samples from DUWS exceeded recommended levels of TVC. However, ATP and endotoxin concentrations in DUWS water samples did not correlate with these TVC data and therefore could not be recommended as an alternative assay to TVC for measuring bacterial contamination or for monitoring water treatment efficacy.
Fuller ME, Mailloux BJ, Streger SH, Hall JA, Zhang P, Kovacik WP, Vainberg S, Johnson WP, Onstott TC, DeFlaun MF (2004) Application of a vital fluorescent staining method for simultaneous, near-real-time concentration monitoring of two bacterial strains in an Atlantic coastal plain aquifer in Oyster, Virginia. Appl Environ Microbiol 70 :1680-1687
Two differentially labeled bacterial strains were monitored in near-real time during two field-scale bacterial transport experiments in a shallow aquifer in July 2000 and July 2001. Comamonas sp. strain DA001 and Acidovorax sp. strain OY-107 were grown and labeled with the vital fluorescent stain TAMRA/SE (5 [and -6]-carboxytetramethylrhodamine, succinimidyl ester) or CFDA/SE (5 [and -6]-carboxyfluorescein diacetate, succinimidyl ester). Fluorescently labeled cells and a conservative bromide tracer were introduced into a suboxic superficial aquifer, followed by groundwater collection from down-gradient multilevel samplers. Cells were enumerated in the field by microplate spectrofluorometry, with confirmatory analyses for selected samples done in the laboratory by epifluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, and ferrographic capture. There was general agreement in the results from all of the vital-stain-based enumeration methods, with differences ranging from <10% up to 40% for the analysis of identical samples between different tracking methods. Field analysis by microplate spectrofluorometry was robust and efficient, allowing thousands of samples to be analyzed in quadruplicate for both of the injected strains. The near-real-time data acquisition allowed adjustments to the predetermined sampling schedule to be made. The microplate spectrofluorometry data sets for the July 2000 and July 2001 experiments allowed the transport of the injected cells to be related to the site hydrogeology and injection conditions and enabled the assessment of differences in the transport of the two strains. This near-real-time method should prove effective for a number of microbial ecology applications.
Garcia-Hermoso D, Dromer F, Janbon G (2004) Cryptococcus neoformans capsule structure evolution in vitro and during murine infection. Infect Immun 72 :3359-3365
Cryptococcus neoformans capsule structure modifications after prolonged in vitro growth or in vivo passaging have been reported previously. However, nothing is known about the dynamics of these modifications or about their environmental specificities. In this study, capsule structure modifications after mouse passaging and prolonged in vitro culturing were analyzed by flow cytometry using the glucuronoxylomannan-specific monoclonal antibody E1. The capsule structures of strains recovered after 0, 1, 8, and 35 days were compared by using the level of E1-specific epitope expression and its cell-to-cell heterogeneity within a given cell population. In vitro, according to these parameters, the diversity of the strains was higher on day 35 than it was initially, suggesting the absence of selection during in vitro culturing. In contrast, the diversity of the strains recovered from the brain tended to decrease over time, suggesting that selection of more adapted strains had occurred. The strains recovered on day 35 from the spleen and the lungs had different phenotypes than the strains isolated from the brain of the same mouse on the same day, thus strongly suggesting that there is organ specificity for C. neoformans strain selection. Fingerprinting of the strains recovered in vitro and in vivo over time confirmed that genotypes evolved very differently in vitro and in vivo, depending on the environment. Overall, our results suggest that organ-specific selection can occur during cryptococcosis.
Gaur S, Trayner E, Aish L, Weinstein R (2004) Bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma arising in a patient with bronchiectasis and chronic Mycobacterium avium infection. Am J Hematol 77 :22-25
We describe a 67-year-old woman with bronchiectasis and Mycobacterium avium complex infection who underwent wedge resection of her pulmonary infiltrates because they were progressing despite antibiotic therapy. In addition to the expected granulomatous changes, she was found to have a B-cell lymphoma of bronchus associated lymphoid tissue (BALT). Despite normal bone marrow morphology, marrow involvement was demonstrated by flow cytometry. Her lymphoma remains suppressed with antimycobacterial therapy 6 months after resection of bulk disease.
Goodrum F, Jordan CT, Terhune SS, High K, Shenk T (2004) Differential outcomes of human cytomegalovirus infection in primitive hematopoietic cell subpopulations. Blood 104 :687-695
The cellular reservoir for latent human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in the hematopoietic compartment, and the mechanisms governing a latent infection and reactivation from latency are unknown. Previous work has demonstrated that HCMV infects CD34+ progenitors and expresses a limited subset of viral genes. The outcome of HCMV infection may depend on the cell subpopulations infected within the heterogeneous CD34+ compartment. We compared HCMV infection in well-defined CD34+ cell subpopulations. HCMV infection inhibited hematopoietic colony formation from CD34+/CD38- but not CD34+/c-kit+ cells. CD34+/CD38- cells transiently expressed a large subset of HCMV genes that were not expressed in CD34+/c-kit+ cells or cells expressing more mature cell surface phenotypes. Although viral genomes were present in infected cells, viral gene expression was undetectable by 10 days after infection. Importantly, viral replication could be reactivated by coculture with permissive fibroblasts only from the CD34+/CD38- population. Strikingly, a subpopulation of CD34+/CD38- cells expressing a stem cell phenotype (lineage-/Thy-1+) supported a productive HCMV infection. These studies demonstrate that the outcome of HCMV infection in the hematopoietic compartment is dependent on the nature of the cell subpopulations infected and that CD34+/CD38- cells support an HCMV infection with the hallmarks of latency.
Halmos B, Anastopoulos HT, Schnipper LE, Ballesteros E (2004) Extreme lymphoplasmacytosis and hepatic failure associated with sulfasalazine hypersensitivity reaction and a concurrent EBV infection—case report and review of the literature. Ann Hematol 83 :242-246
We present an unusual case of a patient with extreme lymphoplasmacytosis and hepatic failure in association with a reaction to sulfasalazine and a concurrent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. Sulfa drugs can cause a wide range of allergic and hypersensitivity reactions and occasionally can lead to a fulminant illness. In the case under discussion the patient had hepatotoxicity, skin rash, fever, and peripheral blood atypical lymphocytosis. Initial impressions suggested the possibility of a malignant lymphoproliferative disorder. Flow cytometry of peripheral blood and a bone marrow biopsy provided clear evidence for a reactive, polyclonal process as opposed to a malignant disorder. Cessation of the offending drug and administration of steroids led to dramatic improvement. This case illustrates that drug hypersensitivity reactions can be manifested by an extreme lymphocytoid leukemoid reaction.
Heinemann L, Dillon S, Crawford A, Backstrom BT, Hibma MH (2004) Flow cytometric quantitation of the protective efficacy of dendritic cell based vaccines in a human papillomavirus type 16 murine challenge model. J Virol Methods 117 :9-18
A murine model for the assessment of protective immunity to human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16, a virus that does not naturally infect mice, is described. In this system, protection was tested following intranasal challenge of mice with a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing both the selected HPV antigen and a beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) reporter. The extent of viral infectivity was determined by measuring beta-gal positive lung cells using flow cytometry. The efficacy of this model to measure protective immunity was evaluated by priming mice with the beta-gal vaccinia virus then challenging the mice with the same virus. Vaccinia primed mice had negligible numbers of beta-gal positive cells in the lung 5 days following viral challenge indicating protection, whereas around 50% of cells were infected in immunologically naive, challenged mice. The protective efficacy of two dendritic cell vaccines for HPV16 was measured in this model. Both vaccines provided some protection to subsequent viral challenge, compared with their controls. Although this protection model was applied to HPV in this study, it may also have broad application to other viruses that do not infect mice naturally.
Hiasa Y, Takahashi H, Shimizu M, Nuriya H, Tsukiyama-Kohara K, Tanaka T, Horiike N, Onji M, Kohara M (2004) Major histocompatibility complex class-I presentation impaired in transgenic mice expressing hepatitis C virus structural proteins during dendritic cell maturation. J Med Virol 74 :253-261
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is often persistent, but its mechanism and pathogenesis remain unclear. One mechanism through which HCV escapes systemic immunosurveillance might be via impaired dendritic cells (DCs), which are the most potent type of antigen-presenting cells. We examined whether HCV causes immunosuppression in DCs during maturation. We isolated immature DCs from the bone marrow of two founder lineages of transgenic mice harboring HCV cDNA expressing HCV structural proteins (nucleotides 294-3435), and studied how DC function is modified by HCV expression. Our data showed that the capacity of DCs expressing HCV structural proteins to stimulate T-cells was significantly impaired. Moreover, the surface expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class-I molecules was significantly impaired on infected DC, especially with respect to H-2D. The transportation of H-2D to the cell surface during DC maturation was inhibited by HCV expression. However, the total amount of H-2D molecules produced by DC expressing HCV was not impaired. These results indicated that the immune response of DC infected with HCV is diminished and might be associated with the mechanism of persistent HCV infection.
Holm C, Mathiasen T, Jespersen L (2004) A flow cytometric technique for quantification and differentiation of bacteria in bulk tank milk. J Appl Microbiol 97 :935-941
AIMS : The present study describes a flow cytometric technique for quantification and differentiation of bacteria in bulk tank milk according to the main cause of elevated counts. METHODS AND RESULTS : A total of 75 Danish bulk tank milk samples exceeding the grading level of 3.0 x 10(4) CFU ml(-1) were examined by both flow cytometry and traditional microbiological analyses. The correlation coefficient (r) between the two methods was 0.71. For the differential analyses of the dominant bacterial populations four different parameters were used to give a species-characteristic pattern. The four parameters were as follows : staining with Oregon Green conjugated wheat germ agglutinin that binds to the cell wall of bacteria, staining with hexidium iodide that binds to all bacterial DNA, the flow cytometric forward scatter and the flow cytometric side scatter. Three regions in the flow cytometric plot were defined : region 1 includes bacteria mainly associated with poor hygiene, region 2 includes psychrotrophic hygiene bacteria and region 3 includes bacteria mainly related to mastitis. The ability of the flow cytometric technique to predict the main cause of elevated bacterial counts on routine samples was examined. Comparing these results with results obtained by traditional microbiological analyses for identification showed that for 81% of the samples the two techniques agreed on the main cause of an elevated bacterial count. CONCLUSIONS : The ability of the presented flow cytometric technique to enumerate and differentiate bacteria in bulk tank milk according to the main cause of elevated counts was demonstrated. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY : This study described the first step in development of a technique suitable for routine analyses of bulk tank milk samples. A technique indicating the main cause of an elevated count will enable the farmer to eliminate the contamination source within a short time limit.
Hornbaek T, Nielsen AK, Dynesen J, Jakobsen M (2004) The effect of inoculum age and solid versus liquid propagation on inoculum quality of an industrial Bacillus licheniformis strain. FEMS Microbiol Lett 236 :145-151
Shorter lag phases were obtained in cultivations of Bacillus licheniformis using early-compared to late-stationary growth phase inocula and using liquid versus solid propagation medium. Flow cytometry and fluorescence ratio imaging microscopy (FRIM) after staining with 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFDA-SE), confirmed that liquid early-stationary growth phase inoculum had a higher vitality and was more homogeneous than solid late-stationary growth phase inoculum. DNA-microarray analyses indicated that liquid early-stationary growth phase inoculum was in a more active state in terms of cell multiplication whereas solid late-stationary growth phase inoculum was induced to some spore formation potentially causing delayed growth initiation.
Hou LH, Du Y, Zhang XP, An XP, Chen W (2004) [Expression of prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) and selection of its specific binding peptide]. Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao 20 :694-698
Prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA), a homologue of the Ly-6/Thy-1 family of cell surface antigen, is expressed by a majority of human prostate cancers and is a promising target for prostate cancer immunotherapy. To obtain the specific peptide binding with PSCA for targeted immunotherapy, PSCA gene was obtained by RT-PCR from human prostate cancer cell line DU145 and the transcated PSCA (tPSCA) gene was cloned into vector pQE30 for soluble expression in E. coli. The identity of recombinant tPSCA was confirmed through ELISA and western blot by use of anti-PSCA monoclonal antibody. Then the 12-peptide phage display library was screened with the purified tPSCA protein for its specific binding peptide through 3 rounds panning. For identifying the peptide’s specificity, the peptide was coupled with EGFP (enhanced green fluorecent protein) by recombinant DNA technology and the recombinant coupled protein was termed 11-EGFP. The binding specificity with tPSCA of 11-EGFP was further confirmed by ELISA and competitive inhibition experiment. Flow cytometry demonstrated its binding specificity with cell line DU145. In conclusion, a 12-amino-acid peptide which could bind with PSCA specifically was found and it may be a potential tool for targeted immunotherapy of prostate carcinoma.
Ivanov V, Tay JH, Tay ST, Jiang HL (2004) Removal of micro-particles by microbial granules used for aerobic wastewater treatment. Water Sci Technol 50 :147-154
Microbial granules with a diameter from 0.4 mm to 3.0 mm have been produced by fast sedimentation and retention of microbial aggregates in sequencing batch airlift reactors used for model wastewater treatment. The wastewater was with or without addition of calcium salt. The granules were able not only to degrade organic matter but to remove nano- and micro-particles from wastewater due to microchannels and pores in the matrix of the granules. To detect the removal of 0.1 microm, 0.6 pm, 4.2 microm fluorescent microspheres, and cells of Escherichia coli, stained by permeable nucleic acid stain SYTO9, the granules were incubated with these particles. The rate of particle removal and their accumulation in the granules was measured by a Fluoview300 confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) (Olympus, Japan) ; a FACSCalibur flow cytometer (Becton Dickinson, CA, USA), and a fluorescence spectrometer LS-50B (Perkin-Elmer, UK). The release or removal of biological and non-biological particles was analyzed by a flow cytometer after DNA staining. Total number of the particles bigger than 0.1 microm in the reactors was approximately 4 x 10(7) per ml, and 23% of these particles were bacterial cells. The 0.1 microm and 4.2. microm microbeads were accumulated within 250 microm in the upper layer of the microbial granule but externally added cells of Escherichia coli penetrated to the depth of approximately 800 microm in the granules without calcium addition. Microbial granules contained also attached ciliates but accumulation of the particles in protozoan cells was smaller than in the granule matrix. Kinetics of particle sorption was revealed by flow cytometry and fluorescence spectrometry. Almost half of the stained cells of E. coli can be removed by the granules for one hour. The ability of the microbial granules to remove the particles can enhance their function in aerobic treatment of wastewater.
Ivanov VN, Wang JY, Stabnikova OV, Tay ST, Tay JH (2004) Microbiological monitoring in the biodegradation of sewage sludge and food waste. J Appl Microbiol 96 :641-647
AIM : To study the microbiology of intensive, in-vessel biodegradation of a mixture of sewage sludge and vegetable food waste. METHODS AND RESULTS : The biodegradation was performed in a closed reactor with the addition of a starter culture of Bacillus thermoamylovorans SW25 under conditions of controlled aeration, stirring, pH and temperature (60 degrees C). The content of viable bacterial cells, determined by flow cytometry, increased from 5 x 108 g-1 of dry matter to 61 x 108 g-1 for 6 days of the process and then dropped to the initial value at the end of the process. The reductions of organic matter, 16S rRNA of methanogens and coenzyme F420 fluorescence during 10 days of the treatment were 67, 54 and 87% of the initial values, respectively. The biodegradability of the organic matter decreased during the 10 days of the treatment from 3.8 to 1.3 mg CO2 g-1 of organic matter per day. The treatment of sewage sludge and food waste at 60 degrees C did not remove enterobacteria, which are the agents of intestinal infections, from the material. The percentage of viable enterobacterial cells, determined by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with Enterobacteriaceae-specific oligonucleotide probe and flow cytometry, varied from 1 to 14% of the viable bacterial cells. CONCLUSIONS : The mixture of sewage sludge and food waste can be degraded by the aerobic thermophilic bacteria ; the starter culture of Bacillus thermoamylovorans SW25 can be used to perform this process ; and enterobacteria can survive under treatment of sewage sludge and food waste at 60 degrees C for 13 days. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY : The results show that FISH with an oligonucleotide probe can be used to study not only the growth but also the degradation of biomass. Obtained results could be used to design the bioconversion of sewage sludge and food waste into organic fertilizer.
Joachimsthal EL, Ivanov V, Tay ST, Tay JH (2004) Bacteriological examination of ballast water in Singapore Harbour by flow cytometry with FISH. Mar Pollut Bull 49 :334-343
In this study the concentrations of total bacteria, enterobacteria, Vibrio spp., and E. coli have been compared for ballast water samples taken from ships in Singapore Harbour. The cell concentrations were enumerated using FISH and flow cytometry. The data were highly variable, reflecting the many influences upon ballast water as it is utilized in the shipping industry. The concentration of bacterial species was determined as a proportion of the total concentration of cells for the ballast water sampled. For the ballast water sampled these concentrations were 0.67-39.55% for eubacteria, 0-2.46% for enterobacteria, 0.18-35.82% for Vibrio spp., and 0-2.46% for E. coli. Using FISH and flow cytometry, an informative determination of the bacterial hazards of ship ballast water can be made.
Jomantaite I, Dikopoulos N, Kroger A, Leithauser F, Hauser H, Schirmbeck R, Reimann J (2004) Hepatic dendritic cell subsets in the mouse. Eur J Immunol 34 :355-365
The CD11c(+) cell population in the non-parenchymal cell population of the mouse liver contains dendritic cells (DC), NK cells, B cells and T cells. In the hepatic CD11c(+) DC population from immunocompetent or immunodeficient [recombinase-activating gene-1 (RAG1)(-/-)] C57BL/6 mice (rigorously depleted of T cells, B cells and NK cells), we identified a B220(+) CD11c(int) subset of ’plasmacytoid’ DC, and a B220(-) CD11c(+) DC subset. The latter DC population could be subdivided into a major, immature (CD40(lo) CD80(lo) CD86(lo) MHC class II(lo)) CD11c(int) subset, and a minor, mature (CD40(hi) CD80(hi) CD86(hi) MHC class II(hi)) CD11c(hi) subset. Stimulated B220(+) but not B220(-) DC produced type I interferon. NKT cell activation in vivo increased the number of liver B220(-) DC three- to fourfold within 18 h post-injection, and up-regulated their surface expression of activation marker, while it contracted the B220(+) DC population. Early in virus infection, the hepatic B220(+) DC subset expanded, and both, the B220(+) as well as B220(-) DC populations in the liver matured. In vitro, B220(-) but not B220(+) DC primed CD4(+) or CD8(+)T cells. Expression of distinct marker profiles and functions, and distinct early reaction to activation signals hence identify two distinct B220(+) and B220(-) subsets in CD11c(+) DC populations freshly isolated from the mouse liver.
Kacmar J, Zamamiri A, Carlson R, Abu-Absi NR, Srienc F (2004) Single-cell variability in growing Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell populations measured with automated flow cytometry. J Biotechnol 109 :239-254
Cell cultures normally are heterogeneous due to factors such as the cell cycle, inhomogeneous cell microenvironments, and genetic differences. However, distributions of cell properties usually are not taken into account in the characterization of a culture when only population averaged values are measured. In this study, the cell size, green fluorescence protein (Gfp) content, and viability after automated staining with propidium iodide (PI) are monitored at the single-cell level in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cultures growing in a batch bioreactor using an automated flow injection flow cytometer system. To demonstrate the wealth of information that can be obtained with this system, three cultures containing three different plasmids are compared. The first plasmid is a centromeric plasmid expressing under the control of a TEF2 promoter the S65T mutant form of Gfp. The other two plasmids are 2 microm plasmids and express the FM2 mutant of Gfp under the control of either the TEF1 or the TEF2 promoter. The automated sampling, cell preparation, and analysis permitted frequent quantification of the culture characteristics. The time course of the data representing not only population average values but also their variability, provides a detailed and reproducible "fingerprint" of the culture dynamics. The data demonstrate that small changes in the genetic make up of the recombinant system can result in large changes in the culture Gfp production and viability. Thus, the developed instrumentation is valuable for rapidly testing promoter strength, plasmid stability, cell viability, and culture variability.
Kadono T, Kawano T, Hosoya H, Kosaka T (2004) Flow cytometric studies of the host-regulated cell cycle in algae symbiotic with green paramecium. Protoplasma 223 :133-141
Paramecium bursaria (green paramecium) possesses endosymbiotically growing chlorella-like green algae. An aposymbiotic cell line of P. bursaria (MBw-1) was prepared from the green MB-1 strain with the herbicide paraquat. The SA-2 clone of symbiotic algae was employed to reinfect MBw-1 cells and thus a regreened cell line (MBr-1) was obtained. The regreened paramecia were used to study the impact of the host’s growth status on the life cycle of the symbiotic algae. Firstly, the relationship between the timing of algal propagation and the host cell division was investigated by counting the algal cells in single host cells during and after the host cell division and also in the stationary phase. Secondly, the changes in the endogenous chlorophyll level, DNA content, and cell size in the symbiotic algae were monitored by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. The number of algae was shown to be doubled prior to or during the host cell division and the algal population in the two daughter cells is maintained at constant level until the host cell cycle reenters the cytokinesis, suggesting that algal propagation and cell cycle are dependent on the host’s cell cycle. During the host’s stationary growth, unicellular algal vegetatives with low chlorophyll content were dominant. In contrast, complexes of algal cells called sporangia (containing 1-4 autospores) were present in the logarithmically growing hosts, indicating that algal cell division leading to the formation of sporangia with multiple autospores is active in the dividing paramecia.
Kampen AH, Tollersrud T, Lund A (2004) Flow cytometric measurement of neutrophil respiratory burst in whole bovine blood using live Staphylococcus aureus. J Immunol Methods 289 :47-55
A rapid and simple method for measurement of respiratory burst in neutrophil granulocytes in whole bovine blood is described. The respiratory burst was stimulated by live Staphylococcus aureus, and the production of reactive oxygen species quantified by the conversion of intracellular dihydrorhodamine 123 to the green fluorescent rhodamine 123, measured by flow cytometry. Assay conditions, including bacterial and dihydrorhodamine 123 concentrations and incubation time, were determined. Repeatability and precision of the method were assessed by testing parallel samples from clinically healthy dairy cows. In vitro and in vivo inhibition of respiratory burst was investigated, and labelling with a granulocyte marker antibody was performed. Stimulation with live S. aureus induced green fluorescence in the neutrophil granulocytes in a whole blood preparation. The fluorescence intensity increased with increasing bacterial concentration and increasing incubation time. Agreement analysis showed that the method gave repeatable results, and the intra-assay variability of the method was relatively low. The method is considered a useful technique for measurement of neutrophil respiratory burst in whole bovine blood.
Kespichayawattana W, Intachote P, Utaisincharoen P, Sirisinha S (2004) Virulent Burkholderia pseudomallei is more efficient than avirulent Burkholderia thailandensis in invasion of and adherence to cultured human epithelial cells. Microb Pathog 36 :287-292
Burkholderia pseudomallei, a causative agent of melioidosis, is a facultative intracellular gram-negative bacillus that is closely related to its avirulent counterpart, Burkholderia thailandensis. However, pathogenic mechanisms and virulence factors of B. pseudomallei remain elusive. In the present study, we compared the invasiveness, adherence, and replication of B. pseudomallei and B. thailandensis in human respiratory epithelial cells A549. Invasion was determined after 4 h of coculturing using antibiotic protection assay. Adherence was demonstrated by coculturing the cells with fluorescein-labeled bacteria for 1 h and the number of positive cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. The results obtained with this in vitro study demonstrated that compared with its avirulent counterpart, B. pseudomallei is significantly more efficient (P<0.01) in invasion, adherence and inducing cellular damage, as represented by plaque formation.
Kim JS, Choi SE, Yun IH, Kim JY, Ahn C, Kim SJ, Ha J, Hwang ES, Cha CY, Miyagawa S, Park CG (2004) Human cytomegalovirus UL18 alleviated human NK-mediated swine endothelial cell lysis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 315 :144-150
Human cytomegalovirus UL18, a MHC class I homologue, is known to serve as a natural killer cell (NK) decoy and to ligate NK inhibitory receptors to prevent lysis of an infected target cell. To explore whether the cell surface expression of UL18 represents a potential immune suppressive approach to evade NK-mediated cytotoxicity in the prevention of xenograft rejection, we examined the effect of the UL18 expression in vitro upon human NK-mediated cytotoxicity against swine endothelial cells (SECs). UL18 expression on SECs by a retroviral vector (PLNCX2) significantly suppressed NK-mediated SEC lysis by approximately 25-100%. The protective effect of UL18 could be mediated through ILT-2 inhibitory receptor on NKs. Additionally, the interaction between UL18 and NKs resulted in the significant reduction of IFN-gamma production. This study demonstrates that UL18 can serve as an effective tool for the evasion of NK-mediated cytotoxicity and for the inhibition of IFN-gamma production during xenograft rejection.
Kim M, Mackenzie JM, Westaway EG (2004) Comparisons of physical separation methods of Kunjin virus-induced membranes. J Virol Methods 120 :179-187
The two sets of connected membranes induced in Kunjin virus-infected cells are characterized by the presence of NS3 helicase/protease in both, and by RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) activity plus the associated double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) template in vesicle packets (VP), or by the absence of both the VP-specific markers in the convoluted membranes/paracrystalline arrays (CM/PC). Attempts were made to separate flavivirus-induced membranes by sedimentation or flotation analyses in density gradients of sucrose or iodixanol, respectively, after treatment of cell lysates by sonication, osmotic shock, or tryptic digestion. Only osmotic shock treatment provided suggestive evidence of separation. This was explored by flow cytometry analysis (FCA) of RdRp active membrane fractions from a sucrose gradient, using dual fluorescent labelling via antibodies to NS3 and dsRNA. FCA revealed the presence of a dual labelled membrane population indicative of VP, and in a faster sedimenting fraction a membrane population able to be labelled only in NS3, representative of CM/PC and associated (R)ER. It was postulated that osmotic shock ruptured the bounding membrane of the VP, releasing the enclosed small vesicles associated with the Kunjin virus replication complex characterized previously. Notably, the presence of the full spectrum of nonstructural proteins in some membrane fractions was not a reliable marker for RdRp activity. These experiments may provide the opportunity for isolation of relatively pure flavivirus replication complexes in their native membrane-associated state by fluorescence-activated cell sorting.
Klasen M, Wabl M (2004) Silent point mutation in DsRed resulting in enhanced relative fluorescence intensity. Biotechniques 36 :236-238
Kong XL, Wang QW, Chen ML, Cai Y, He ZX, Yang M (2004) [Human cytomegalovirus aggravates apoptosis of human megakaryocytes via direct infection in vitro]. Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 12 :70-73
The megakaryocyte and platelet lineage may be one of the major sites of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection. However, whether HCMV aggravates apoptosis in normal megakaryocytes was not well investigated. Megakaryocytic cell line CHRF-288-11 and HCMV AD 169 strain were co-cultured in this study. PCR was used to detect the direct infection of the cells by HCMV IEA expression. The apoptotic cells were analyzed by morphologic observation, DNA ladder formation, annexin V/PI and PI assay with flow cytometry. The results showed that HCMV significantly inhibited the growth of CHRF cells in three different concentrations of viral infection groups (10(-3), 10(-2), 10(-1)). The viability levels in each infection groups were 77%, 73% and 68% respectively after incubation for 7 days, compared with 98% in the control group. Using annexin V/PI with flow cytometry, it was shown that the percentages of apoptotic cells viral infection in groups (10(-3), 10(-2), 10(-1)) were (21.3 +/- 2.49)%, (25.8 +/- 3.65)% and (31.4 +/- 3.91)% at 7 days after infection, while the control was (3.68 +/- 1.47)%. The apoptotic cells were further confirmed by morphologic observation and DNA ladder formation. Furthermore, PCR detection also showed the direct infection by identification of HCMV IEA expression in CHRF cells. This study suggested that HCMV could directly infect megakaryocytes and aggravated apoptosis in HCMV-infected megakaryocytes.
Koo JT, Choe J, Moseley SL (2004) HrpA, a DEAH-box RNA helicase, is involved in mRNA processing of a fimbrial operon in Escherichia coli. Mol Microbiol 52 :1813-1826
Endonucleolytic cleavage of mRNA in the daa operon of Escherichia coli is responsible for co-ordinate regulation of genes involved in F1845 fimbrial biogenesis. Cleavage occurs by an unidentified endoribonuclease, is translation dependent and involves a unique recognition mechanism. Here, we present the results of a genetic strategy used to identify factors involved in daa mRNA processing. We used a reporter construct consisting of the daa mRNA processing region fused to the gene encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP). A mutant defective in daa mRNA processing and expressing high levels of GFP was isolated by flow cytometry. To determine the location of mutations, two different genetic approaches, Hfr crosses and P1 transductions, were used. The mutation responsible for the processing defect was subsequently mapped to the 32 min region of the E. coli chromosome. A putative DEAH-box RNA helicase-encoding gene at this position, hrpA, was able to restore the ability of the mutant to cleave daa mRNA. Site-directed mutagenesis of the hrpA regions predicted to encode nucleotide triphosphate binding and hydrolysis functions abolished the ability of the gene to restore the processing defect in the mutant. We propose that HrpA is a novel enzyme involved in mRNA processing in E. coli.
Krut O, Sommer H, Kronke M (2004) Antibiotic-induced persistence of cytotoxic Staphylococcus aureus in non-phagocytic cells. J Antimicrob Chemother 53 :167-173
OBJECTIVES : After infection of non-phagocytic cells, some Staphylococcus aureus strains are able to survive and kill their host cells. The purpose of this study was to determine the action of various antibiotics on the survival of host cells and/or intracellular S. aureus. METHODS : Murine keratinocyte (PAM212) and fibroblast (mKSA) cell lines were infected with cytotoxic S. aureus and cultured in the presence of various antibiotics at graded concentrations. The viability of host cells was measured 24 h after infection. To determine the bacterial viability within host cells, cellular lysates were prepared and colony forming units were quantified using a spiral plater. Host cells infected with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labelled S. aureus were analysed by flow cytometry and microscopy to determine the subcellular localization S. aureus. RESULTS : Oxacillin, vancomycin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole did not rescue host cells from cell death induced by intracellular S. aureus. In contrast, linezolid, rifampicin, azithromycin, clindamycin, erythromycin and quinupristin/dalfopristin suppressed the cytotoxic action of S. aureus. After withdrawal of antibiotics, intracellular S. aureus regained cytotoxic activity and killed their host cells. Only rifampicin was able to eliminate intracellular S. aureus completely within 72 h. In contrast, clindamycin, azithromycin and linezolid induced a state of intracellular persistence of viable S. aureus. CONCLUSIONS : Antibiotics commonly used for the management of S. aureus infections appear to create a niche for invasive intracellular S. aureus, which may play an important role for persistence and recurrence of infection. Because of its unique ability to eliminate intracellular S. aureus, rifampicin appears to be valuable for the treatment of invasive S. aureus infections.
Lai DZ, Weng SJ, Qi LQ, Yu CM, Fu L, Yu T, Chen W (2004) [Construction of two robust CHO cell lines resistant to apoptosis and adapted to protein-free medium by over-expression of Igf-1/bcl-2 or bcl-2/cyclin E genes]. Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao 20 :66-72
Serum used widely in mammalian cell culture is also a potential source of bacterial, mycoplasmal and viral contaminations. In addition, the complex biological components in serum make harder the subsequent product recovery process. High cost, high batch variation and potential source limitation are among the other shortcomings. So serum-free or even protein-free medium are preferable for recombinant protein production. However, without serum to provide essential components such as hormones, growth factors and binding proteins, cells are easy to die. In this study, CHO-dhfr- cells were genetically engineered to make them adapted to IMEM, a protein-free medium, and resistant to apoptosis. The genes in choice are insulin-like factor (Igf-1), Bcl-2 and cyclin E. Bcl-2 is a mitochondrial membrane-integrated protein. It can block the release of cytochrome c by maintaining the integrity of mitochondrial membrane, and thus inhibit apoptosis. Igf-1 is similar both in structure and function to insulin, a growth factor added to serum-free medium to promote cell growth and is the only protein component in many currently used serum-free media. cyclin E is a cell cycle protein expressed continuously in G1 phase. When cyclin E accumulates to certain amount, cell cycle was driven to S phase. So cyclin E is a proliferation-promoting protein. By co-express Igf-1/Bcl-2 or Bcl-2/ cyclin E in CHO-dhfr- cells with a dicistronic expression vector, we constructed two cell lines : CHO-IB and CHO-BC. The high expression of each protein was confirmed by Western blot and flow cytometry. Apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry and DNA ladder detection, and the two cell lines were both found much more resistant to apoptosis induced by withdrawal of serum or addition of actinomycin D than the CHO-dhfr- parent cell. Cell proliferation assay by MTT method showed that the two cell lines proliferated much faster than CHO-dhfr- in IMDM medium without serum. Continuously culture assay proved that the two cell lines grow very well in IMEM protein-free medium supplemented with fibronectin and vitronectin to ease adherence. When compared to CHO-dhfr-, the two cell lines exhibited much more viable cell numbers and faster growth rate.
Lavrentyev PJ, McCarthy MJ, Klarer DM, Jochem F, Gardner WS (2004) Estuarine microbial food web patterns in a Lake Erie coastal wetland. Microb Ecol 48 :567-577
Composition and distribution of planktonic protists were examined relative to microbial food web dynamics (growth, grazing, and nitrogen cycling rates) at the Old Woman Creek (OWC) National Estuarine Research Reserve during an episodic storm event in July 2003. More than 150 protistan taxa were identified based on morphology. Species richness and microbial biomass measured via microscopy and flow cytometry increased along a stream-lake (Lake Erie) transect and peaked at the confluence. Water column ammonium (NH4+) uptake (0.06 to 1.82 microM N h(-1)) and regeneration (0.04 to 0.55 microM N h(-1)) rates, measured using 15NH4+ isotope dilution, followed the same pattern. Large light/dark NH4+ uptake differences were observed in the hypereutrophic OWC interior, but not at the phosphorus-limited Lake Erie site, reflecting the microbial community structural shift from net autotrophic to net heterotrophic. Despite this shift, microbial grazers (mostly choreotrich ciliates, taxon-specific growth rates up to 2.9 d(-1)) controlled nanophytoplankton and bacteria at all sites by consuming 76 to 110% and 56 to 97% of their daily production, respectively, in dilution experiments. Overall, distribution patterns and dynamics of microbial communities in OWC resemble those in marine estuaries, where plankton productivity increases along the river-sea gradient and reaches its maximum at the confluence.
Li B, New JY, Tay YK, Goh E, Yap EH, Chan SH, Hu HZ (2004) Delaying acute graft-versus-host disease in mouse bone marrow transplantation by treating donor cells with antibodies directed at l-selectin and alpha4-integrin prior to infusion. Scand J Immunol 59 :464-468
Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is still a major hurdle for successful bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Although many immunosuppressive drugs are available, none of them alone or in combination are able to completely abolish acute GVHD. The lifelong immunosuppression profoundly reduces the quality of life of BMT recipients. Therefore, new therapeutic approaches are needed. We previously reported that, in an acute GVHD model using SCID mice as recipient, incubating donor spleen cells with antibodies directed at CD49d and CD62L could significantly delay the occurrence of acute GVHD. To test the potential usefulness of this treatment in BMT, we examined this therapeutic protocol in a mouse BMT model. The present mouse BMT study confirmed our previous results that incubation of donor cells with antibodies directed at CD49d and CD62L prior to infusion into the recipient can effectively delay acute GVHD, allowing the recipients to recover from the side effects of total body irradiation. This one-time treatment is easy and simple and may be modified for clinical usage.
Li H, Chunsong H, Guobin C, Qiuping Z, Qun L, Xiaolian Z, Baojun H, Linjie Z, Junyan L, Mingshen J, Jinquan T (2004) Highly up-regulated CXCR3 expression on eosinophils in mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum. Immunology 111 :107-117
CXCR3, predominately expressed on memory/activated T cells, is a receptor for both interferon-gamma inducible protein-10/CXC ligand 10 (CXCL10) and monokine induced by interferon-gamma/CXCL9. We reported here that CXCR3 was highly up-regulated on infiltrating eosinophils in Schistosoma japonicum egg-induced granuloma in the mouse liver. It was also highly and functionally up-regulated on peritoneal exudate eosinophils in mice infected with S. japonicum. The phenomena were demonstrated at protein and mRNA levels using immunohisto- and immunocytochemistry evaluation of biopsy, flow cytometry and real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction technique, and verified by Northern blotting and chemotaxis assay in vitro. We also found that CCR3 expression on the infiltrating and peritoneal exudate cells was significantly decreased, CXCR4 expression was unchanged during the 42-day period of infection. We screened mRNA expression levels of the all known chemokine receptors in purified peritoneal exudate eosinophils and liver granuloma dominated by eosinophils. CXCR3 was highly and functionally up-regulated on peritoneal exudate eosinophils in mice infected with S. japonicum, meanwhile CCR3 was significantly and functionally down-regulated in these cells. The findings could lead to a better understanding of the chemokine receptor expression pattern of eosinophils at inflamed tissue sites caused by parasites. These could be also crucial for establishing a therapeutic strategy for eosinophilic inflammation via intervention in chemokine actions.
Lin HJ, Xue J, Bai Y, Wang JD, Zhang YL, Zhou DY (2004) Pathogenicty and immune prophylaxis of cag pathogenicity island gene knockout homogenic mutants. World J Gastroenterol 10 :3289-3291
AIM : To clarify the role of cag pathogenicity island (cagPAI) of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori ) in the pathogenicity and immune prophylaxis of H pylori infection. METHODS : Three pairs of H pylori including 3 strains of cagPAI positive wildtype bacteria and their cagPAI knockout homogenic mutants were utilized. H pylori binding to the gastric epithelial cells was analyzed by flow cytometry assays. Apoptosis of gastric epithelial cells induced by H pylori was determined by ELISA assay. Prophylaxis effect of the wildtype and mutant strains was compared by immunization with the sonicate of the bacteria into mice model. RESULTS : No difference was found in the apoptasis between cagPAI positive and knockout H pylori strains in respective of the ability in the binding to gastric epithelial cells as well as the induction of apoptosis. Both types of the bacteria were able to protect the mice from the infection of H pylori after immunization, with no difference between them regarding to the protection rate as well as the stimulation of the proliferation of splenocytes of the mice. CONCLUSION : The role of cagPAI in the pathogenicity and prophylaxis of H pylori infection remains to be cleared.
Lin JC, Chang FY, Fung CP, Xu JZ, Cheng HP, Wang JJ, Huang LY, Siu LK (2004) High prevalence of phagocytic-resistant capsular serotypes of Klebsiella pneumoniae in liver abscess. Microbes Infect 6 :1191-1198
To better understand the role of capsular polysaccharide (CPS) K1 or K2 in Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess as well as the development of metastasis to eye, neutrophil phagocytosis of 70 CPS isolates including K1 (n = 23)/K2 (n = 10), non-K1/K2 (n = 37) was evaluated by flow cytometry, fluorescence imaging, and electron microscopy. K1/K2 isolates were significantly more resistant to phagocytosis (P < 0.0001) than non-K1/K2 isolates and displayed increased resistance to intracellular killing. Although mucoid phenotype (M-type) K1/K2 isolates were significantly more resistant to phagocytosis (P = 0.0029) than M-type non-K1/K2, no significant difference in the phagocytosis rate was observed between K1/K2 isolates with M-type and non-M-type (P = 0.0924). Mucoidy is an associated factor that was predominant in K1/K2 isolates, but which itself is not an independent influence on phagocytic resistance. The K1/K2 CPS proved significantly more resistant to phagocytosis than non-K1/K2 CPS in liver abscess isolates (P < 0.0001) and non-abscess isolates (P = 0.0001), suggesting that K1/K2 isolates were generally more virulent in both liver abscess and in non-liver abscess conditions. These findings indicate that resistance of CPS K1 or K2 K. pneumoniae to phagocytosis and intracellular killing presumably contributes to their high prevalence in liver abscess and uniquely in endophthalmitis.
Lipoglavsek L, Avgustin G (2004) Obstacles to flow cytometric analysis of rumen microbial samples. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 49 :183-186
Several methods were tested that would improve the fluorescence signal from hybridized rumen bacterial cells. Disruption of cell envelopes by lysozyme, EDTA, proteinase K and/or SDS caused only a minor increase in fluorescence signal. Use of helper unlabeled oligonucleotide probes was successful only with the Puni[H672] probe which, however, when used with specific PBBl4-labeled probe, gave fluorescence signal drop. No substantial rise in fluorescence signal was also observed with cells subjected to growth-without-cell-division treatment. Further improvements are needed to make the fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH)-flow cytometry combination applicable to rumen bacteria.
Liu J, Olsson G, Mattiasson B (2004) Short-term BOD (BODst) as a parameter for on-line monitoring of biological treatment process. Part I. A novel design of BOD biosensor for easy renewal of bio-receptor. Biosens Bioelectron 20 :562-570
A novel design of a biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) biosensor has been developed for on-line monitoring of easily biodegradable organic compounds in aqueous samples. The biological recognition element of the sensor could be easily renewed by injecting new bacterial paste without disassembling the sensor system. The sensor measurements were carried out in the initial-rate mode using a flow injection (FI) system, resulting in 60 s for one sample analysis followed by a recovery time less than 10 min. The sensor performance achieved showed a wide detection linearity over the range of 5-700 mg BOD5.l(-1) and a generally good agreement between the BOD values estimated by the biosensor and the conventional 5-day test. Furthermore, the precision test was in the control range (i.e. repeatability < or = /+/-7.5%/, reproducibility < or = /+/-7.3%/). The sensor could be used over 1 week in continuous test, however, the best performance was found within the first 24 h where standard deviation of the sensor response was +/-2.4%. The design of the sensor allows easy and fast renewal of the cells used as sensing elements. Replacement of biological recognition element and calibration of the sensor responses can be performed in a rather simple procedure on a daily regular basis. By using a mixed culture as the bio-receptor, one gets a sensor that reacts to a wide range of substrates. The new sensor construction will thus allow fast and convenient replacement of the bio-receptor and on-line assay of a broad range of substrates. This makes the sensor being an interesting and promising candidate for on-line monitoring of biological treatment process.
Liu J, Olsson G, Mattiasson B (2004) Short-term BOD (BODst) as a parameter for on-line monitoring of biological treatment process ; Part II : instrumentation of integrated flow injection analysis (FIA) system for BODst estimation. Biosens Bioelectron 20 :571-578
An instrument with integrated flow injection analysis (FIA) system has been developed for on-line monitoring a process for conversion of biomass under field condition. The instrument consists of a newly designed biosensor for easy renewal of the bio-receptor without disassembling the sensor, a FIA controller for controlling the analysis operations, and a computer-based data acquisition system for data recording and processing. The instrument performed a sequence operations automatically including preparation of sample in the desired concentration, sample loading, sample injection, signal recording, data processing, and self-cleaning of the system. This makes the instrument being an interesting and promising device for on-line process monitoring.
Lloyd D, Harris JC, Biagini GA, Hughes MR, Maroulis S, Bernard C, Wadley RB, Edwards MR (2004) The plasma membrane of microaerophilic protists : oxidative and nitrosative stress. Microbiology 150 :1183-1190
The trans-plasma-membrane electrochemical potential of microaerophilic protists was monitored by the use of voltage-sensitive charged lipophilic fluorophores ; of the many available probes, the anionic oxonol dye bis(1,3-dibarbituric acid)-trimethine oxonol [DiBAC(4)(3)] is an example of one which has been successfully employed using fluorescence microscopy, confocal laser-scanning microscopy and flow cytometry. Several microaerophilic protists have been investigated with this dye ; these were Giardia intestinalis, Trichomonas vaginalis, Tritrichomonas foetus, Hexamita inflata and Mastigamoeba punctachora. Under conditions where they exhibit normal vitality, these organisms exclude DiBAC(4)(3) by virtue of their maintenance of a plasma-membrane potential (negative inside). Uptake of the fluorophore is indicative of disturbance to this membrane (i.e. by inhibition of pump/leak balance, blockage of channels or generation of ionic leaks), and is indicative of metabolic perturbation or environmental stress. Here, it is shown that oxidative or nitrosative stress depolarizes the plasma membranes of the aforementioned O(2)-sensitive organisms and allows DiBAC(4)(3) influx. Oxonol uptake thereby provides a sensitive and early indication of plasma-membrane perturbation by agents that may lead to cytotoxicity and eventually to cell death by necrotic or apoptotic pathways.
Mailaender C, Reiling N, Engelhardt H, Bossmann S, Ehlers S, Niederweis M (2004) The MspA porin promotes growth and increases antibiotic susceptibility of both Mycobacterium bovis BCG and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Microbiology 150 :853-864
Porins mediate the diffusion of hydrophilic solutes across the outer membrane of mycobacteria, but the efficiency of this pathway is very low compared to Gram-negative bacteria. To examine the importance of porins in slow-growing mycobacteria, the major porin MspA of Mycobacterium smegmatis was expressed in Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis. Approximately 20 and 35 MspA molecules per microm(2) cell wall were observed in M. tuberculosis and M. bovis BCG, respectively, by electron microscopy and quantitative immunoblot experiments. Surface accessibility of MspA in M. tuberculosis was demonstrated by flow cytometry. Glucose uptake was twofold faster, indicating that the outer membrane permeability of M. bovis BCG to small and hydrophilic solutes was increased by MspA. This significantly accelerated the growth of M. bovis BCG, identifying very slow nutrient uptake as one of the determinants of slow growth in mycobacteria. The susceptibility of both M. bovis BCG and M. tuberculosis to zwitterionic beta-lactam antibiotics was substantially enhanced by MspA, decreasing the minimal inhibitory concentration up to 16-fold. Furthermore, M. tuberculosis became significantly more susceptible to isoniazid, ethambutol and streptomycin. Fluorescence with the nucleic acid binding dye SYTO 9 was 10-fold increased upon expression of mspA. These results indicated that MspA not only enhanced the efficiency of the porin pathway, but also that of pathways mediating access to large and/or hydrophobic agents. This study provides the first experimental evidence that porins are important for drug susceptibility of M. tuberculosis.
Maraha N, Backman A, Jansson JK (2004) Monitoring physiological status of GFP-tagged Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 under different nutrient conditions and in soil by flow cytometry. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 51 :123-132
Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25, a plant growth promoting bacterium, has been widely studied due to its potential as an inoculum for improving crop yields. Environmental inoculants are usually applied on seeds or directly to soil and to effectively promote plant growth they need to be viable and active. However, it is difficult to study the physiological status of specific microorganisms in complex environments, such as soil. In this study, our aim was to use molecular tools to specifically monitor the physiological status of P. fluorescens SBW25 in soil and in pure cultures incubated under different nutritional conditions. The cells were previously tagged with marker genes (encoding green fluorescent protein and bacterial luciferase) to specifically track the cells in environmental samples. The physiological status of the cells was determined using the viability stains 5-cyano-2,3-ditolyl-tetrazolium chloride (CTC) and propidium iodide (PI), which stain active and dead cells, respectively. Luciferase activity was used to monitor the metabolic activity of the population. Most of the cells died after incubation for nine days in nutrient rich medium. By contrast when incubated under starvation conditions, most of the population was not stained with CTC or PI (i.e. intact but inactive cells), indicating that most of the cells were presumably dormant. In soil, a large fraction of the SBW25 cell population became inactive and died, as determined by a decline in luciferase activity and CTC-stained cells, an increase in PI-stained cells, and an inability of the cells to be cultured on agar medium. However, approximately 60% of the population was unstained, presumably indicating that the cells entered a state of dormancy in soil similar to that observed under starvation conditions in pure cultures. These results demonstrate the applicability of this approach for monitoring the physiological status of specific cells under stress conditions, such as those experienced by environmental inoculants in soil.
Meberg BM, Paulson AL, Priyadarshini R, Young KD (2004) Endopeptidase penicillin-binding proteins 4 and 7 play auxiliary roles in determining uniform morphology of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol 186 :8326-8336
The low-molecular-weight (LMW) penicillin-binding protein, PBP 5, plays a dominant role in determining the uniform cell shape of Escherichia coli. However, the physiological functions of six other LMW PBPs are unknown, even though the existence and enzymatic activities of four of these were established three decades ago. By applying fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) to quantify the cellular dimensions of multiple PBP mutants, we found that the endopeptidases PBP 4 and PBP 7 also influence cell shape in concert with PBP 5. This is the first reported biological function for these two proteins. In addition, the combined loss of three DD-carboxypeptidases, PBPs 5 and 6 and DacD, also impaired cell shape. In contrast to previous reports based on visual inspection alone, FACS analysis revealed aberrant morphology in a mutant lacking only PBP 5, a phenotype not shared by any other strain lacking a single LMW PBP. PBP 5 removes the terminal D-alanine from pentapeptide side chains of muropeptide subunits, and pentapeptides act as donors for cross-linking adjacent side chains. As endopeptidases, PBPs 4 and 7 cleave cross-links in the cell wall. Therefore, overall cell shape may be determined by the existence or location of a specific type of peptide cross-link, with PBP 5 activity influencing how many cross-links are made and PBPs 4 and 7 acting as editing enzymes to remove inappropriate cross-links.
Melsheimer P, Vinokurova S, Wentzensen N, Bastert G, von Knebel Doeberitz M (2004) DNA aneuploidy and integration of human papillomavirus type 16 e6/e7 oncogenes in intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix uteri. Clin Cancer Res 10 :3059-3063
PURPOSE : Increasingly deregulated expression of the E6-E7 oncogenes of high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs) has been identified as the major transforming factor in the pathogenesis of cervical dysplasia and derived cancers. The expression of these genes in epithelial stem cells first results in chromosomal instability and induces chromosomal aneuploidy. It is speculated that this subsequently favors integration of HR-HPV genomes into cellular chromosomes. This in turn leads to expression of viral cellular fusion transcripts and further enhanced expression of the E6-E7 oncoproteins. Chromosomal instability and aneuploidization thus seems to precede and favor integration of HR-HPV genomes. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN : To prove this sequential concept, we analyzed here the sequence of events of DNA aneuploidization and integration in a series of HPV-16-positive cervical dysplastic lesions and carcinomas. Eighty-five punch biopsies of HPV-16-positive cervical lesions (20 CIN1/2, 50 CIN3, and 15 CxCa) were analyzed for DNA ploidy by DNA flow cytometry and for integration of HPV E6/E7 oncogenes using the amplification of papillomavirus oncogene transcripts assay, a reverse transcription-PCR method to detect integrate-derived human papillomavirus oncogene transcripts. RESULTS : DNA aneuploidy and viral genome integration were both associated with increasing dysplasia (P < 0.001, chi(2) test for trend). In addition, DNA aneuploidy was associated with increased viral integration (P < 0.01, Fisher’s exact test). Nineteen of 20 (95%) lesions with integrated viral genomes had aneuploid cell lines ; however, only 19 of 32 (59%) lesions with aneuploid cell lines had integrated viral genomes. CONCLUSIONS : These data support the hypothesis that aneuploidization precedes integration of HR-HPV genomes in the progression of cervical dysplasia. Accordingly, deregulated viral oncogene expression appears to result first in chromosomal instability and aneuploidization and is subsequently followed by integration of HR-HPV genomes in the affected cell clones.
Milner RJ, Horton JH, Crawford PC, O’Kelley J, Nguyen A (2004) Suppurative rhinitis associated with Haemophilus species infection in a cat. J S Afr Vet Assoc 75 :103-107
A young cat with signs of chronic rhinitis was evaluated for underlying anatomical, inflammatory, or infectious disease. Initial diagnostics were significant for the isolation of an unusual pathogen, Haemophilus species. Isolation using a human RapID NH system erroneously identified the isolate as H. segnis, a human pathogen. No database of veterinary pathogens (Haemophilus) are included in the system and animal pathogens will either be erroneously identified or yield a unique biocode not listed. Because of the unique nature of the pathogen we explored the possibility of immunosuppression as a contributory factor to infection. A variety of laboratory tests were employed to evaluate immune function. The clinical indications and utility of immune function testing are discussed. No immune dysfunction was identified.
Moayeri M, Ramezani A, Morgan RA, Hawley TS, Hawley RG (2004) Sustained phenotypic correction of hemophilia a mice following oncoretroviral-mediated expression of a bioengineered human factor VIII gene in long-term hematopoietic repopulating cells. Mol Ther 10 :892-902
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are an attractive target cell population for hemophilia A gene therapy because of their capacity to regenerate the hematolymphoid system permanently following transplantation. Here we transplanted bone marrow (BM) cells transduced with a splicing-optimized MSCV oncoretroviral vector expressing a secretion-improved human factor VIII gene into immunocompromised hemophilic mice that had received a reduced dose conditioning regimen. An enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) reporter gene linked to an encephalomyocarditis virus internal ribosome entry site was incorporated into the vector to allow preselection of transduced cells and facile evaluation of engraftment. Sustained expression of EGFP was demonstrated in the peripheral blood, and therapeutic levels of factor VIII were detected in the plasma of the majority of the recipients for the duration of the observation period (up to 22 weeks). Coordinate expression of factor VIII and EGFP (up to 19 weeks) was transferred to secondary BM transplant recipients, indicating that long-term repopulating HSCs had been successfully gene modified. Notably, the hemophilic phenotype of all treated mice was corrected, thus demonstrating the potential of HSC-directed oncoretroviral-mediated factor VIII gene transfer as a curative therapeutic strategy for hemophilia A.
Moragues M, Comas-Riu J, Vives-Rego J (2004) Rapid G+ count and subpopulation assessment of the intestinal bacteria in Apodemus sylvaticus and Mus musculus by flow cytometry. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 49 :587-590
We report a novel application of calcein-acetomethyl ester in flow cytometry for rapid estimation of the number of G+-bacteria in rodent feces (Apodemus sylvaticus and Mus sp.f. muridae). We also use the combined application of flow cytometry and Syto-13 or Sypro Orange staining to count rapidly the total bacterial population and to describe bacterial subpopulations in the intestine.
Morgan CA, Bigeni P, Herman N, Gauci M, White PA, Vesey G (2004) Production of precise microbiology standards using flow cytometry and freeze drying. Cytometry A 62 :162-168
BACKGROUND : Quality control standards provide a quantity of microorganisms for routine use in microbiology to demonstrate the efficacy of testing methods and culture media. Standards are normally prepared by diluting a culture of microorganisms to obtain a suspension that contains an estimated number of colony-forming units per milliliter. The variability and inaccuracy of these standards increase the potential for false results. Flow cytometry has been used extensively to prepare precise standards of Cryptosporidium and Giardia that contain exact numbers of organisms in a volume of liquid (1). However, the same levels of accuracy have yet to be obtained for bacterial quality control standards. METHODS : A modification of a Becton Dickinson FACScalibur flow cytometer enabled 30 bacterial cells to be sorted into a single droplet, mixed with a cryoprotective solution within the droplet, and frozen in liquid nitrogen. The frozen droplets were then freeze dried for stable preservation of the viable bacterial cells. RESULTS : A freeze-dried sphere 3 mm in diameter was produced, which contained 30 microorganisms. The within-batch variation for these freeze-dried spheres was no greater than two standard deviations, and the between-batch variation was less than one standard deviation. CONCLUSIONS : Bacterial reference controls can now be produced with consistent accuracy and unparalleled precision, thus enabling harmonization across the microbiological testing industry.
Nasirudeen AM, Tan KS (2004) Isolation and characterization of the mitochondrion-like organelle from Blastocystis hominis. J Microbiol Methods 58 :101-109
Blastocystis hominis in an unusual protozoan parasite of the human intestinal tract. Previous studies have described the presence of mitochondrial-like structures despite the anaerobic nature of the organism. In this study, we describe a simple and rapid technique to isolate and characterize mitochondrion-like organelles (MLO) from B. hominis. The parasite was disrupted using glass beads and the MLO were collected and purified using a sucrose gradient. Negative staining and transmission electron microscopy of the isolated organelles showed mitochondrial-like structures. B. hominis cells were stained with rhodamine 123 and MitoLight to show the presence of transmembrane potential of the MLO. DAPI staining of the cells suggested the presence of DNA in the MLO. Though brief reports have been made in literature, this study is the first to describe a technique for the isolation of the MLO from this organism. Using this technique of isolation, major metabolic functions of the organelle, their associated macromolecules and intra-mitochondrial location can be extensively studied. The role of MLO in this anaerobic protozoan can be widely investigated using this protocol.
Nielsen JL, Schramm A, Bernhard AE, van den Engh GJ, Stahl DA (2004) Flow cytometry-assisted cloning of specific sequence motifs from complex 16S rRNA gene libraries. Appl Environ Microbiol 70 :7550-7554
A flow cytometry method was developed for rapid screening and recovery of cloned DNA containing common sequence motifs. This approach, termed fluorescence-activated cell sorting-assisted cloning, was used to recover sequences affiliated with a unique lineage within the Bacteroidetes not abundant in a clone library of environmental 16S rRNA genes.
Nitsche A, Fleischmann J, Klima KM, Radonic A, Thulke S, Siegert W (2004) Inhibition of cord blood cell expansion by human herpesvirus 6 in vitro. Stem Cells Dev 13 :197-203
To elucidate the role of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) in hematopoiesis, the influence of HHV-6A and HHV-6B on the in vitro expansion and differentiation of cord blood (CB) progenitor cells was investigated in liquid culture. Nonfractionated CB mononuclear cells (CB-MNC) or MACS-enriched CD34+ CB cells were seeded in liquid culture under conditions allowing maximal expansion of nucleated cells. Cells were either incubated with HHV-6A- or HHV-6B-containing cell culture supernatants or a virus-free control. After 7, 14, and 21 days, cells were analyzed for growth by cell count, for differentiation by flow cytometry, and for HHV-6 infection by antigen detection or PCR. Expansion of CB-MNC was significantly inhibited by HHV-6A and HHV-6B for a period of 3 weeks, including reduced proportions of CD34+ and CD33+ cells in HHV-6-treated cultures on day 7. In contrast, when starting with enriched CD34+ cells, the expansion was only affected by HHV-6A. Inhibition of CD34 and CD33 cell development was less pronounced in these cultures compared to CB-MNC cultures. However, HHV-6 antigen and DNA was detectable in these cultures. In conclusion, although HHV-6A inhibited expansion of CD34 progenitor cells, HHV-6B inhibited growth of immature CB cells only in interaction with nonfractionated CB-MNC.
Nordstrom T, Blom AM, Forsgren A, Riesbeck K (2004) The emerging pathogen Moraxella catarrhalis interacts with complement inhibitor C4b binding protein through ubiquitous surface proteins A1 and A2. J Immunol 173 :4598-4606
Moraxella catarrhalis ubiquitous surface protein A2 (UspA2) mediates resistance to the bactericidal activity of normal human serum. In this study, an interaction between the complement fluid phase regulator of the classical pathway, C4b binding protein (C4BP), and M. catarrhalis mutants lacking UspA1 and/or UspA2 was analyzed by flow cytometry and a RIA. Two clinical isolates of M. catarrhalis expressed UspA2 at a higher density than UspA1. The UspA1 mutants showed a decreased C4BP binding (37.6% reduction), whereas the UspA2-deficient Moraxella mutants displayed a strongly reduced (94.6%) C4BP binding compared with the wild type. In addition, experiments with recombinantly expressed UspA1(50-770) and UspA2(30-539) showed that C4BP (range, 1-1000 nM) bound to the two proteins in a dose-dependent manner. The equilibrium constants (K(D)) for the UspA1(50-770) and UspA2(30-539) interactions with a single subunit of C4BP were 13 microM and 1.1 microM, respectively. The main isoform of C4BP contains seven identical alpha-chains and one beta-chain linked together with disulfide bridges, and the alpha-chains contain eight complement control protein (CCP) modules. The UspA1 and A2 bound to the alpha-chain of C4BP, and experiments with C4BP lacking CCP2, CCP5, or CCP7 showed that these three CCPs were important for the Usp binding. Importantly, C4BP bound to the surface of M. catarrhalis retained its cofactor activity as determined by analysis of C4b degradation. Taken together, M. catarrhalis interferes with the classical complement activation pathway by binding C4BP to UspA1 and UspA2.
Ogino M, Yoshimatsu K, Ebihara H, Araki K, Lee BH, Okumura M, Arikawa J (2004) Cell fusion activities of Hantaan virus envelope glycoproteins. J Virol 78 :10776-10782
Hantaan virus (HTNV)-infected Vero E6 cells undergo cell fusion with both infected and uninfected cells under low-pH conditions. Flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy of HTNV-infected Vero E6 cells showed that envelope glycoproteins (GPs) were located both on the cell surface and in the cytoplasm. Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against the G1 and G2 envelope GPs inhibited cell fusion, whereas nonneutralizing MAbs against G1 or G2 and MAbs against the nucleocapsid protein (NP) did not. Transfected Vero E6 cells that expressed GPs but not those that expressed NP fused and formed syncytia. These results indicate that HTNV GPs act as fusogens at the cell surface. No fusion activity was observed either in infected Vero cells that were passaged more than 150 times or in BHK-21 cells, although GPs appeared to localize to the cell surface. This variability in fusion induction suggests the involvement of host cell factors in the process of cell membrane fusion.
O’Sullivan A, Chang HC, Yu Q, Kaplan MH (2004) STAT4 is required for interleukin-12-induced chromatin remodeling of the CD25 locus. J Biol Chem 279 :7339-7345
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) is a critical mediator of interleukin-12 (IL-12)-stimulated inflammatory immune responses. Despite extensive analysis of the immune responses of STAT4-deficient mice, there is still very little understood about STAT4-dependent gene induction. IL-12 stimulated increases in IL-2 receptor alpha chain gene (CD25) mRNA levels and surface expression require STAT4. In this report, we utilize chromatin immunoprecipitation assays to analyze IL-12-stimulated and STAT4-dependent changes in chromatin remodeling of the CD25 gene. Gene activation requires binding of STAT4 to the PRRIII upstream regulatory element, the recruitment of the CREB-binding protein (CBP), and chromatin remodeling including increased acetylation and decreased methylation of histones within the CD25 promoter. Evidence suggests that STAT4 also facilitates binding of other factors to the CD25 promoter including c-Jun. Thus, these results provide a model for STAT4-dependent gene induction and a mechanism for cytokine-induced expression of the CD25 gene.
Ottiger C, Regeniter A, Kochli HP, Huber AR (2004) [Standardized counting of particles in the urine : a comparison between flow cytometry, cell chamber counting and traditional sediment analysis]. Praxis (Bern 1994) 93 :15-21
We compared the number of particles in the urine with flow cytometry and manual methods : cell chamber and standardised sediment analysis. The correlation (r) between the KOVA-cell chamber and the flow cytometer UF-100 was 0.966 for erythrocytes, 0.935 for leukocytes and 0.902 for squamous epithelial cells. Similar results were obtained by a standardised preparation of the sediment. Today, the estimation of the cell number in the sediment analysis is still common. The KOVA cell chamber system is a cheap alternative for microscopy, whereas automation with flow cytometry is only used for large laboratories. Reference values were established under optimal conditions (erythrocytes < 14/microliter, leukocytes < 16/microliter) with a cut-off of 20/microliter.
Palkova Z, Vachova L, Valer M, Preckel T (2004) Single-cell analysis of yeast, mammalian cells, and fungal spores with a microfluidic pressure-driven chip-based system. Cytometry A 59 :246-253
BACKGROUND : Cytomics aims at understanding the function of cellular systems by analysis of single cells. Recently, there has been a growing interest in single cell measurements being performed in microfluidic systems. These systems promise to integrate staining, measurement, and analysis in a single system. One important aspect is the limitation of allowable cell sizes due to microfluidic channel dimensions. Here we want to demonstrate the broad applicability of microfluidic chip technology for the analysis of many different cell types. METHODS : We have developed a microfluidic chip and measurement system that allows flow cytometric analysis of fluorescently stained cells from different organisms. In this setup, the cells are moved by pressure-driven flow inside a network of microfluidic channels and are analyzed individually by fluorescence detection. RESULTS : We have successfully applied the system to develop a methodology to detect viable and dead cells in yeast cell populations. Also, we have measured short interfering RNA (siRNA) mediated silencing of protein expression in mammalian cells. In addition, we have characterized the infection state of Magnaportae grisea fungal spores. CONCLUSIONS : Results obtained with the microfluidic system demonstrate a broad applicability of microfluidic flow cytometry to measurement of various cell types.
Park MT, Hwang SJ, Lee GM (2004) Flow cytometric application of helper adenovirus (HAd) containing GFP gene flanked by two parallel loxP sites to evaluation of 293 cre-complementing cell line and monitoring of HAd in Gutless Ad production. Biotechnol Prog 20 :913-920
Gutless adenoviruses (GAds), namely, all gene-deleted adenoviruses, were developed to minimize their immune responses and toxic effects for a successful gene delivery tool in gene therapy. The Cre/loxP system has been widely used for GAd production. To produce GAd with a low amount of helper adenovirus (HAd) as byproduct, it is indispensable to use 293Cre cells expressing a high level of Cre for GAd production. In this study, we constructed the HAd containing enhanced green fluorescent protein gene flanked by two parallel loxP sites (HAd/GFP). The use of HAd/GFP with flow cytometry allows one to select 293Cre cells expressing a high level of Cre without using conventional Western blot analysis. Unlike conventional HAd titration methods such as plaque assay and end-point dilution assay, it also allows one to monitor rapidly the HAd as byproduct in earlier stages of GAd amplification. Taken together, the use of HAd/GFP with flow cytometry facilitates bioprocess development for efficient GAd production.
Pearce HR, Kalia N, Bardhan KD, Atherton JC, Brown NJ (2004) Effects of Helicobacter pylori on endothelial cell proliferation and chemotaxis. Digestion 69 :201-210
BACKGROUND/AIM : Helicobacter pylori is associated with an increased risk of peptic ulcer disease development and recurrence. Ulcer healing is dependent upon angiogenesis, requiring endothelial cell (EC) proliferation and chemotaxis. This study determined whether extracts of H. pylori affected EC proliferation and/or chemotaxis in vitro. METHODS : The effects of water and broth extracts of three genotypically different strains of H. pylori and of single strains of Campylobacter jejuni and Escherichia coli on human dermal microvascular EC (HuDMEC) and human umbilical vein EC (HUVEC) were assessed. Tetrazolium dye (MTT) proliferation, dual staining cell viability, flow cytometry, and microchemotaxis assays were performed. RESULTS : H. pylori (all strains) and C. jejuni inhibited HuDMEC (p < 0.01) and HUVEC (p < 0.01) proliferation and decreased the proportion of HUVECs in the S phase of the cell cycle. E. coli had no effect on EC proliferation. The levels of vascular endothelial growth factor stimulated chemotaxis were significantly greater (p < 0.01) than the levels of basal migration for both control and extract-treated ECs. However, none of the bacterial extracts affected EC basal migration or chemotaxis. CONCLUSION : H. pylori extracts inhibit HuDMEC and HUVEC proliferation in vitro by a cytostatic, strain-independent mechanism. A similar antiproliferative effect of C. jejuni was observed. Our findings suggest that both H. pylori and C. jejuni have the ability to inhibit one of the key stages of angiogenesis which may have implications in peptic ulcer disease.
Penders J, Fiers T, Dhondt AM, Claeys G, Delanghe JR (2004) Automated flow cytometry analysis of peritoneal dialysis fluid. Nephrol Dial Transplant 19 :463-468
BACKGROUND : Recently, the Sysmex UF-100 flow cytometer has been developed to automate urinalysis. We have evaluated this instrument to explore the possibilities of flow cytometry in the analysis of peritoneal dialysis fluid (PD) and have compared the obtained data with those of counting chamber techniques, biochemical analysis and bacterial culture. METHODS : UF-100 data were correlated with microscopy and biochemical data in 135 PD samples. Microbiological analysis was performed in 63 suspected cases of peritonitis. RESULTS : Good agreement (P < 0.001) was obtained between UF-100 and microscopy data for leukocytes (r = 0.825). UF-100 bacterial count correlated (P < 0.001) with UF-100 leukocyte count (r = 0.549). UF-100 bacterial counts were unreliable in samples where interference by blood platelets was observed. Another major problem was the UF-100 ’bacterial’ background signal in sterile PD samples. Yeast cells were detected by the flow cytometer in spiked samples. CONCLUSIONS : Flow cytometry of PD with the UF-100 offers a rapid and reliable leukocyte count. Sensitivity of the ’bacterial’ channel count in predicting positive culture exceeds the sensitivity of conventional Gram stain. Furthermore, additional semi-quantitative information is provided regarding the presence of yeasts.
Perfetto SP, Ambrozak DR, Roederer M, Koup RA (2004) Viable infectious cell sorting in a BSL-3 facility. Methods Mol Biol 263 :419-424
With the increase in demand for high-speed cell sorting of viable infectious and now therapeutic cell samples, safety concerns for the protection of flow cytometer operators have increased. This chapter describes a quick, sensitive, and reproducible procedure to assure sample containment before sorting these samples. This procedure includes aerosol containment, physical barriers, environmental controls, and personal protection. An aerosol management system produces a negative pressure within the sort chamber where aerosols are vacuumed directly into a HEPA filter. Physical barriers include the manufacturer’s standard plastic shield and panels. The flow cytometer is contained in a BSL-3 laboratory for maximum environmental control and the operator is protected using a respiratory system. Containment is measured using highly fluorescent Glo-Germ particles under the same conditions as the cell sort but with the sorter adjusted to produce large amounts of aerosols. These aerosols are collected by a vacuum air sampling system for 10 min in three locations onto a glass slide and examined microscopically. With this system in place, aerosol containment can be measured quickly and efficiently, therefore reducing the risk to the operator when sorting viable infectious cells.
Perotti CG, Del Fante C, Viarengo G, Papa P, Rocchi L, Bergamaschi P, Bellotti L, Marchesi A, Salvaneschi L (2004) A new automated cell washer device for thawed cord blood units. Transfusion 44 :900-906
BACKGROUND : The current available techniques to wash out DMSO from thawed umbilical cord blood (UCB) units are based essentially on standard centrifugation in an open system with various degrees of cell loss. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS : We evaluated the capacity of a new automated closed device (Cytomate, Baxter, IL) to wash out the DMSO from thawed UCB units, saving at the same time the progenitor and accessory cells in terms of CD34+ cells and MNCs. We modified the standard software of the device and calculated the cell recovery on 25 UCB units. Moreover, we set up a new gas chromatographic method to exactly detect the DMSO removal rate. RESULTS : To evaluate the efficiency of the Cytomate device, we considered the postthawing (prewashing) versus postwashing cell recovery. The average recovery (%) in terms of total nucleated cells was 63.30 (range, 40.12-89.00), CD34+ cells was 70.20 (range, 11.51-89.01), CD3+ cells was 61.01 (range, 28.80-87.08), CD4+ cells was 62.53 (range, 30.62-96.73), CD8+ cells was 57.4 (range, 26.87-94.72), CD19+ cells was 63.33 (range, 39.10-90.33), CD16+/56+ cells was 70.67 (range, 8.91-98.40), CFU-GM was 74.33 (range, 20.23-98.60), total CFUs was 82.34 (range, 14.83-247.12), and viability was 89.67(range, 70.74-98.30). The total working time required was, on average, 15 minutes (range, 7-20). CONCLUSIONS : The Cytomate device demonstrated a satisfying efficiency in cell recovery and in maintaining the clonogenic power of the UCB graft. The removal rate of DMSO was practically complete with evident advantages for the recipient. Finally, the entire manipulation performed in a closed system revealed to be safe, maintaining the sterility of the graft.
Petit L, Pierard- Franchimont C, Uhoda E, Vroome V, Cauwenbergh G, Pierard GE (2004) Coping with mild inflammatory catamenial acne : a clinical and bioinstrumental split-face assessment. Skin Res Technol 10 :278-282
BACKGROUND : Acne is a multifactorial disease exhibiting distinct clinical presentations. Among them, the catamenial type is a matter of concern for young women. Some oral contraceptives may help without, however, clearing the skin condition. AIM : The present open study aimed at evaluating the effect of overnight applications of a paste made of petrolatum,15% zinc oxide and 0.25% miconazole nitrate. METHOD : The split-face trial was conducted in 35 women. A non-medicated cream was used as control. Clinical evaluations and biometrological assessments on cyanoacrylate follicular biopsies were performed monthly for 3 months. Comedometry and the density in autofluorescent follicular casts were used as analytical parameters. In addition, the five most severe cases at inclusion were tested at the completion of the study for follicular bacterial viability using dual flow cytometry. RESULTS : Compared with baseline and to the control hemi-face, the medicated paste brought significant improvement of acne. The number of papules and their redness were reduced beginning with the first treatment phase. A reduction in the follicular fluorescence was yielded beginning with the second treatment phase. The ratios between injured and dead bacteria, on the one hand, and live bacteria, on the other hand were significantly increased at completion of the study. CONCLUSION : A miconazole paste applied for 1 week at the end of the ovarian cycle has a beneficial effect on catamenial acne.
Philippe J, De Logi E, Baele G (2004) Comparison of five different citrated tubes and their in vitro effects on platelet activation. Clin Chem 50 :656-658
Pina-Vaz C, Goncalves Rodrigues A, Pinto E, Costa-de-Oliveira S, Tavares C, Salgueiro L, Cavaleiro C, Goncalves MJ, Martinez-de-Oliveira J (2004) Antifungal activity of Thymus oils and their major compounds. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 18 :73-78
The increasing recognition and importance of fungal infections, the difficulties encountered in their treatment and the increase in resistance to antifungals have stimulated the search for therapeutic alternatives. Essential oils have been used empirically. The essential oils of Thymus (Thymus vulgaris, T. zygis subspecies zygis and T. mastichina subspecies mastichina) have often been used in folk medicine. The aim of the present study was to evaluate objectively the antifungal activity of Thymus oils according to classical bacteriological methodologies - determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimal lethal concentration (MLC) - as well as flow cytometric evaluation. The effect of essential oils upon germ tube formation, an important virulence factor, was also studied. The mechanism of action was studied by flow cytometry, after staining with propidium iodide. The chemical composition of the essential oils was investigated by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS). The antifungal activity of the major components (carvacrol, thymol, p-cymene and 1,8-cineole) and also possible interactions between them were also investigated. The essential oils of T. vulgaris and T. zygis showed similar antifungal activity, which was greater than T. mastichina. MIC and MLC values were similar for all the compounds tested. At MIC values of the essential oils, propidium iodide rapidly penetrated the majority of the yeast cells, indicating that the fungicidal effect resulted primarily from an extensive lesion of the cell membrane. Concentrations below the MIC values significantly inhibited germ tube formation. This study describes the potent antifungal activity of the essential oils of Thymus on Candida spp., warranting future therapeutical trials on mucocutaneous candidosis.
Porter J (2004) Flow cytometry and environmental microbiology. Curr Protoc Cytom Chapter 11 :Unit 11 12
This survey unit discusses many of the issues involved for flow cytometry in the field of microbiology, particularly the preparative procedures, which are far more stringent than many other procedures using larger cells. For instance, it is often necessary to filter laboratory agents multiple times to obtain the true particle-free solutions needed for flow cytometry of microbes. It is difficult enough to recognize bacteria in cell extracts from soil, sediment, or sludge given the background of same-size particles. This unit provides an excellent overview of a potentially large application area in flow cytometry and is written by one of the most respected scientists in the field.
Prigione V, Lingua G, Marchisio VF (2004) Development and use of flow cytometry for detection of airborne fungi. Appl Environ Microbiol 70 :1360-1365
Traditional methods for the enumeration of airborne fungi are slow, tedious, and rather imprecise. In this study, the possibility of using flow cytometry (FCM) for the assessment of exposure to the fungus aerosol was evaluated. Epifluorescence microscopy direct counting was adopted as the standard for comparison. Setting up of the method was achieved with pure suspensions of Aspergillus fumigatus and Penicillium brevicompactum conidia at different concentrations, and then analyses were extended to field samples collected by an impinger device. Detection and quantification of airborne fungi by FCM was obtained combining light scatter and propidium iodide red fluorescence parameters. Since inorganic debris are unstainable with propidium iodide, the biotic component could be recognized, whereas the preanalysis of pure conidia suspensions of some species allowed us to select the area corresponding to the expected fungal population. A close agreement between FCM and epifluorescence microscopy counts was found. Moreover, data processing showed that FCM can be considered more precise and reliable at any of the tested concentrations.
Qin ZL, Zhao P, Zhang XL, Yu JG, Cao MM, Zhao LJ, Luan J, Qi ZT (2004) Silencing of SARS-CoV spike gene by small interfering RNA in HEK 293T cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 324 :1186-1193
Two candidate small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) corresponding to severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) spike gene were designed and in vitro transcribed to explore the possibility of silencing SARS-CoV S gene. The plasmid pEGFP-optS, which contains the codon-optimized SARS-CoV S gene and expresses spike-EGFP fusion protein (S-EGFP) as silencing target and expressing reporter, was transfected with siRNAs into HEK 293T cells. At various time points of posttransfection, the levels of S-EGFP expression and amounts of spike mRNA transcript were detected by fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, Western blot, and real-time quantitative PCR, respectively. The results showed that the cells transfected with pEGFP-optS expressed S-EGFP fusion protein at a higher level compared with those transfected with pEGFP-S, which contains wildtype SARS-CoV spike gene sequence. The green fluorescence, mean fluorescence intensity, and SARS-CoV S RNA transcripts were found significantly reduced, and the expression of SARS-CoV S glycoprotein was strongly inhibited in those cells co-transfected with either EGFP- or S-specific siRNAs. Our findings demonstrated that the S-specific siRNAs used in this study were able to specifically and effectively inhibit SARS-CoV S glycoprotein expression in cultured cells through blocking the accumulation of S mRNA, which may provide an approach for studies on the functions of SARS-CoV S gene and development of novel prophylactic or therapeutic agents for SARS-CoV.
Ramirez-Arcos S, Greco V, Douglas H, Tessier D, Fan D, Szeto J, Wang J, Dillon JR (2004) Conserved glycines in the C terminus of MinC proteins are implicated in their functionality as cell division inhibitors. J Bacteriol 186 :2841-2855
Alignment of 36 MinC sequences revealed four completely conserved C-terminal glycines. As MinC inhibits cytokinesis in Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Escherichia coli, the functional importance of these glycines in N. gonorrhoeae MinC (MinC(Ng)) and E. coli MinC (MinC(Ec)) was investigated through amino acid substitution by using site-directed mutagenesis. Each mutant was evaluated for its ability to arrest cell division and to interact with itself and MinD. In contrast to overexpression of wild-type MinC, overexpression of mutant proteins in E. coli did not induce filamentation, indicating that they lost functionality. Yeast two-hybrid studies showed that MinC(Ec) interacts with itself and MinD(Ec) ; however, no interactions involving MinC(Ng) were detected. Therefore, a recombinant MinC protein, with the N terminus of MinC(Ec) and the C terminus of MinC(Ng), was designed to test for a MinC(Ng)-MinD(Ng) interaction. Each MinC mutant interacted with either MinC or MinD but not both, indicating the specificity of glycine residues for particular protein-protein interactions. Each glycine was mapped on the C-terminal surfaces (A, B, and C) of the solved Thermotoga maritima MinC structure. We found that MinC(Ec) G161, residing in close proximity to the A surface, is involved in homodimerization, which is essential for MinC function. Glycines corresponding to MinC(Ec) G135, G154, and G171, located within or adjacent to the B-C surface junction, are critical for MinC-MinD interactions. Circular dichroism revealed no gross structural perturbations of the mutant proteins, although the contribution of glycines to protein flexibility and stability cannot be discounted. Using molecular modeling, we propose that exposed conserved MinC glycines interact with exposed residues of the alpha-7 helix of MinD.
Ramon R, Feliu JX, Cos O, Montesinos JL, Berthet FX, Valero F (2004) Improving the monitoring of methanol concentration during high cell density fermentation of Pichia pastoris. Biotechnol Lett 26 :1447-1452
The Pichia pastoris expression system is widely used for the production of recombinant proteins. A simple and efficient experimental set-up allowing on-line monitoring of the methanol concentration during the fermentation of P. pastoris based on the detection of the methanol vapor concentration in the exhaust air from fermenter by a tin dioxide (SnO2) semiconductor sensor is described. An experimental procedure to allow precise calibration of the system and to reduce methanol sensor’s interferences (>95% reduction) are also presented and discussed. Accuracy and measurement error were estimated about 0.05 g x l(-1) and 6%, respectively. The efficient monitoring of methanol will help to advanced control of recombinant protein production and process optimization.
Raoult D, Fournier PE, Drancourt M (2004) What does the future hold for clinical microbiology ? Nat Rev Microbiol 2 :151-159
In the past decade, clinical microbiology laboratories have undergone important changes with the introduction of molecular biology techniques and laboratory automation. In the future, there will be a need for more rapid diagnoses, increased standardization of testing and greater adaptability to cope with new threats from infectious microorganisms, such as agents of bioterrorism and emerging pathogens. The combination of the new tools that are now being developed in research laboratories, the general reorganization of clinical laboratories and improved communication between physicians and clinical microbiologists should lead to profound changes in the way that clinical microbiologists work.
Ren B, Szalai AJ, Hollingshead SK, Briles DE (2004) Effects of PspA and antibodies to PspA on activation and deposition of complement on the pneumococcal surface. Infect Immun 72 :114-122
Streptococcus pneumoniae infection is a frequent cause of pneumonia, otitis media, meningitis, and septicemia. Pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) is an important virulence factor on the pathogen surface, and it is known to interfere with complement activation. In this study, flow cytometry was used to study the effects of PspA and antibodies to PspA on the deposition of complement C3 on the surface of a capsular type 3 strain, WU2, and its PspA- mutant, JY1119. Using naive mouse serum as a complement source, measurable deposition of C3 was observed within 4 min on PspA- pneumococci, and the amount of surface-bound C3 accumulated rapidly as the amount of serum was increased. In contrast, very little C3 was deposited on the PspA+ strain. In nonimmune mouse serum, the classical pathway was the dominant activation pathway triggered by PspA- pneumococci. Accordingly, EGTA blocked almost all of the complement activation. Moreover, a significant amount of C3 was still deposited on the PspA- strain when serum from factor B-deficient mice was used. This deposition was not observed on the PspA+ pneumococci, indicating that PspA may inhibit complement deposition via the classical pathway. Furthermore, under the conditions we tested, PspA also inhibited C3 deposition when the classical pathway was initiated by antibodies to capsular polysaccharide. Antibodies to PspA could overcome the anticomplementary effect of PspA, allowing for increased complement activation and C3 deposition onto PspA+ bacteria.
Robinson JP (2004) Overview of flow cytometry and microbiology. Curr Protoc Cytom Chapter 11 :Unit 11 11
Although in recent years flow cytometry has become commonplace in hematology and immunology laboratories, application of the technology to microbiology remains largely unrealized. This overview presents the historical background, discusses applications in various areas of the field, and speculates on the directions of future developments. The availability of high-quality methods should be a prime factor in convincing microbiologists that flow cytometry may have certain advantages over traditional methods and that it does indeed have much to contribute to microbiology.
Rocha A, Ruiz S, Tafalla C, Coll JM (2004) Conformation- and fusion-defective mutations in the hypothetical phospholipid-binding and fusion peptides of viral hemorrhagic septicemia salmonid rhabdovirus protein G. J Virol 78 :9115-9122
Fourteen single and two double point mutants in the highly conserved region (positions 56 to 159) of the G gene of viral hemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV), a salmonid rhabdovirus, were selected and obtained in plasmids by site-directed mutagenesis. Fish cell monolayers transfected with the mutant plasmids were then assayed for protein G (pG) expression, conformation-dependent monoclonal antibody (MAb) reactivity, and cell-cell fusion. Some mutations located in the phospholipid-binding p2 peptide (positions 82 to 110 ; mutants P86A, A96E, G98A, and R107A) abolished both MAb recognition and fusion activity, while others (P79A, L85S, and R103A) abolished MAb recognition but retained fusion at similar or lower pHs compared to those for the wild type. Phospholipid-binding assays of p2-derived synthetic peptides suggested that phosphatidylserine binding was not affected by the mutations studied. On the other hand, three (P79A, L85S, and T135E) of the four mutants retaining fusion activity mapped around two locations showing amino acid variation in 22 VHSV isolates and in neutralizing MAb-resistant mutants described previously. Mutations located in the hypothetical fusion peptide (positions 142 to 159 ; mutants F147K, P148K, and W154K) abolished both MAb recognition and fusion activity. The existence of mutants with altered conformation and defective fusion in both p2 and fusion peptides provides further evidence in favor of the participation of these and adjacent regions in some of the steps of the VHSV fusion processes, as suggested by previous studies. In addition, because the studied region induced strong immunological responses in trout, some of the mutants described here might be used to design attenuated VHSV vaccines.
Rochet V, Rigottier-Gois L, Rabot S, Dore J (2004) Validation of fluorescent in situ hybridization combined with flow cytometry for assessing interindividual variation in the composition of human fecal microflora during long-term storage of samples. J Microbiol Methods 59 :263-270
This work was conducted to assess the accuracy of in situ hybridization to show differences in human microflora composition between volunteers and to optimize the storage of fecal samples to allow delayed analysis of gut microflora composition in humans. Fecal samples from 25 healthy subjects (14 women, 11 men aged 24-51) were collected. The samples were fixed in 4% Paraformaldehyde (PFA) solution at 4 degrees C overnight and stored at -70 degrees C. Twenty samples were analysed to quantify the variation due to interindividual differences in the composition of fecal microflora. The five remaining samples were stored either after PFA fixation or directly frozen at -70 degrees C and were monitored on a 12-month period. The fecal microflora was analysed by in situ hybridization combined with flow cytometry detection. Ribosomal RNA-targeted probes were used to assess the relative proportions of four phylogenetic groups : Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale (Erec 482), Bacteroides (Bac 303), Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (Fprau 645) and Bifidobacterium (Bif 164). Our results demonstrated that the method used is adapted to detect significant differences in fecal microflora composition in humans. Moreover, samples stored in PFA solution demonstrated a stable composition even after 8 months of storage. Conversely, frozen samples were less stable as the Bifidobacterium and C. coccoides-E. rectale groups showed significant differences after 2 months of storage. In conclusion, the fecal microflora composition can be analysed up to 8 months after 4% PFA fixation and storage at -70 degrees C. It represents an extended time compared with the 2-month period currently recommended. This will give more flexibility for applying this technology in epidemiological studies including a large number of samples.
Rohde KH, Dyer DW (2004) Analysis of haptoglobin and hemoglobin-haptoglobin interactions with the Neisseria meningitidis TonB-dependent receptor HpuAB by flow cytometry. Infect Immun 72 :2494-2506
Neisseria meningitidis expresses a two-component TonB-dependent receptor, HpuAB, which mediates heme-iron (Hm-Fe) acquisition from hemoglobin and hemoglobin-haptoglobin complexes. Due to genetic polymorphisms in the human haptoglobin gene, haptoglobin (and hemoglobin-haptoglobin) exists as three structurally distinct phenotypes. In this study, we examined the influence of the haptoglobin phenotype on the interactions of HpuAB with apo-haptoglobin and hemoglobin-haptoglobin. Growth assays confirmed that HpuAB utilizes hemoglobin-haptoglobin more efficiently than hemoglobin as an Fe source and revealed a preference for human-specific, polymeric 2-2 or 2-1 hemoglobin-haptoglobin complexes. We developed a flow cytometry-based assay to measure the binding kinetics of fluorescein-labeled ligands to HpuAB on live, intact meningococci. The binding affinity of HpuAB for hemoglobin-haptoglobin phenotypes correlated well with the ability of each ligand to support Neisseria meningitidis growth, with higher affinities exhibited for types 2-2 and 2-1 hemoglobin-haptoglobin. Saturable binding of Hb and apo-haptoglobin suggested that HpuAB-mediated utilization of hemoglobin-haptoglobin involves specific interactions with both components. In contrast to previous studies, we detected binding of HpuB expressed alone to hemoglobin, apo-haptoglobin, and hemoglobin-haptoglobin of all three phenotypes. However, in the absence of HpuA, the binding capacity and/or affinity of the receptor was reduced and the dissociation of hemoglobin was impaired. We did not detect binding of HpuA alone to hemoglobin, apo-haptoglobin, or hemoglobin-haptoglobin ; however, the lipoprotein is crucial for optimal recognition and use of ligands by the receptor. Finally, this study confirmed the integral role of TonB and the proton motive force in the binding and dissociation of Hb and hemoglobin-haptoglobin from HpuAB.
Rong J, Xu X, Ewen C, Bleackley RC, Kane KP (2004) Isolation and characterization of novel single-chain Fv specific for human granzyme B. Hybrid Hybridomics 23 :219-231
Granzyme B, a neutral serine protease, has been demonstrated to be a pivotal molecule for protective immunity against viral infection and cellular malignant transformation. To facilitate monitoring of granzyme B levels, we have recently applied phage display technology to produce single-chain Fv antibodies specific for granzyme B, as versatile alternatives and complementary reagents to currently available monoclonal antibodies. Through four rounds of panning on purified human granzyme B-coated on solid phase, three unique clones were isolated. Expressed soluble scFv antibodies demonstrated specific immunological applications including ELISA, Western blotting, immunoprecipitation and intracellular staining. Based on sequence analyses and structural modeling, one scFv, Fv17, may have overlapping antigen binding specificity with monoclonal antibodies 2C5/F5 and GB11. Owing to the availability of its DNA sequence and large scale production capability, Fv17 should be a superior reagent for monitoring granzyme B expression in natural killer cells and antigen specific CD8+ T cell immunity.
Rose JJ, Foley JF, Murphy PM, Venkatesan S (2004) On the mechanism and significance of ligand-induced internalization of human neutrophil chemokine receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2. J Biol Chem 279 :24372-24386
It is well established that leukocyte chemotactic receptors, a subset of G protein-coupled receptors, undergo endocytosis after stimulation by ligand. However, the significance of this phenomenon to cell motility and other important leukocyte functions induced by chemoattractants has not been clearly defined. Here we show that in primary human neutrophils, the threshold levels of agonist required for endocytosis of the chemotactic receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2 were approximately 10-fold or higher than those needed for maximal chemotactic and calcium flux responses. Moreover, when stimulated by agonists at concentrations that are high enough for chemotaxis but too low for receptor endocytosis, neutrophil CXCR1 and CXCR2 could be reactivated in response to repeated application of the same agonist. Both receptors were excluded from Triton X-100-insoluble lipid rafts, and at high agonist concentrations were rapidly endocytosed by a clathrin/rab5/dynamin-dependent pathway. These data support the conclusion that neutrophil migration in response to CXCR1 or CXCR2 agonists is not dependent on endocytosis of CXCR1 or CXCR2. Rather than being integral to the process of cell migration, receptor endocytosis may be a terminal stop signal when cells reach the focus of inflammation where the chemoattractant concentrations are the highest.
Roy S, Mir MA, Anand SP, Niederweis M, Ajitkumar P (2004) Identification and semi-quantitative analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv ftsZ gene-specific promoter activity-containing regions. Res Microbiol 155 :817-826
The cytokinetic protein FtsZ plays a pivotal role in regulation of cell division in bacteria. Multiple promoters regulate transcription of the ftsZ gene in Escherichia coli, Streptomyces and Bacillus species. In order to identify promoter activity-containing regions of the ftsZ gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (MtftsZ) in vivo, different regions upstream of MtftsZ, namely, the ftsQ-ftsZ intergenic region, the ftsQ open reading frame (ORF), and different regions of ftsQ ORF, were analyzed in a gfp reporter plasmid in Mycobacterium smegmatis mc(2)155 cells. Flow cytometric analysis of mid-logarithmic M. smegmatis mc(2)155 cells containing these transcription fusion constructs revealed GFP expression in the cells harboring the ftsQ-ftsZ intergenic region (172 bp), the entire ftsQ ORF (945 bp), and 5’ 467-bp and 3’ 217-bp regions of ftsQ ORF. RT-PCR analyses on RNA from M. smegmatis mc(2)155 cells, transformed with the entire ftsQ ORF-ftsQ-ftsZ intergenic region-containing construct, as well as on RNA from M. tuberculosis, confirmed that the regions identified indeed elicit promoter activity. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analyses of gfp transcripts driven by cloned MtftsZ promoter regions in M. smegmatis cells showed threefold higher promoter activity from ftsQ ORF than from the ftsQ-ftsZ intergenic region. Expression from the individual 5’ and 3’ regions of ftsQ ORF was almost equivalent to that from the ftsQ-ftsZ intergenic region. RT-PCR analyses on RNA from M. tuberculosis quantitatively confirmed these promoter activities. Thus, at least three independent regions in the immediate upstream sequence of MtftsZ contain promoter activity, with the major contribution coming from ftsQ ORF.
Santos A, Marquina D (2004) Ion channel activity by Pichia membranifaciens killer toxin. Yeast 21 :151-162
The cytocidal effect of Pichia membranifaciens killer toxin on Candida boidinii cells was studied. The halotolerant yeast P. membranifaciens CYC 1106 produces a unique 18 kDa killer toxin that exerts its killer activity against C. boidinii IGC 3430 only in the presence of NaCl. Metabolic events associated with the loss of C. boidinii IGC 3430 viability were quantitatively identical to those known to occur with K1 killer toxin-treated sensitive strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The death of sensitive cells was characterized by a leakage of potassium, an influx of sodium and a decrease in intracellular pH. These effects occurred prior to and concomitantly with cell death, indicating that they were primary effects of the action of the toxin. Here we report that this protein forms ion-permeable channels in liposome membranes. These channels are freely permeable to common physiological ions. We suggest that channel formation is the cytotoxic mechanism of action of P. membranifaciens killer toxin. The channels described here are sufficiently non-selective to mediate cell death through a discharge of cellular membrane potential and changes in ionic homeostasis. No specific effects against killer toxin-treated sensitive cells were observed when the cell cycle was analysed.
Schickli JH, Thackray LB, Sawicki SG, Holmes KV (2004) The N-terminal region of the murine coronavirus spike glycoprotein is associated with the extended host range of viruses from persistently infected murine cells. J Virol 78 :9073-9083
Although murine coronaviruses naturally infect only mice, several virus variants derived from persistently infected murine cell cultures have an extended host range. The mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) variant MHV/BHK can infect hamster, rat, cat, dog, monkey, and human cell lines but not the swine testis (ST) porcine cell line (J. H. Schickli, B. D. Zelus, D. E. Wentworth, S. G. Sawicki, and K. V. Holmes, J. Virol. 71:9499-9507, 1997). The spike (S) gene of MHV/BHK had 63 point mutations and a 21-bp insert that encoded 56 amino acid substitutions and a 7-amino-acid insert compared to the parental MHV strain A59. Recombinant viruses between MHV-A59 and MHV/BHK were selected in hamster cells. All of the recombinants retained 21 amino acid substitutions and a 7-amino-acid insert found in the N-terminal region of S of MHV/BHK, suggesting that these residues were responsible for the extended host range of MHV/BHK. Flow cytometry showed that MHV-A59 bound only to cells that expressed the murine glycoprotein receptor CEACAM1a. In contrast, MHV/BHK and a recombinant virus, k6c, with the 21 amino acid substitutions and 7-amino-acid insert in S bound to hamster (BHK) and ST cells as well as murine cells. Thus, 21 amino acid substitutions and a 7-amino-acid insert in the N-terminal region of the S glycoprotein of MHV/BHK confer the ability to bind and in some cases infect cells of nonmurine species.
Schubert A, Zakikhany K, Pietrocola G, Meinke A, Speziale P, Eikmanns BJ, Reinscheid DJ (2004) The fibrinogen receptor FbsA promotes adherence of Streptococcus agalactiae to human epithelial cells. Infect Immun 72 :6197-6205
Streptococcus agalactiae is a major cause of bacterial pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis in human neonates. During the course of infection, S. agalactiae adheres to a variety of epithelial cells but the underlying mechanisms are only poorly understood. The present report demonstrates the importance of the fibrinogen receptor FbsA for the streptococcal adherence and invasion of epithelial cells. Deletion of the fbsA gene in various S. agalactiae strains substantially reduced their binding of soluble fibrinogen and their adherence to and invasion of epithelial cells, indicating a role of FbsA in these different processes. The adherence and invasiveness of an fbsA deletion mutant were partially restored by reintroducing the fbsA gene on an expression vector. Heterologous expression of fbsA in Lactococcus lactis enabled this bacterium to adhere to but not to invade epithelial cells, suggesting that FbsA is a streptococcal adhesin. Flow cytometry experiments revealed a dose-dependent binding of FbsA to the surface of epithelial cells. Furthermore, tissue culture experiments exhibited an intimate contact of FbsA-coated latex beads with the surfaces of human epithelial cells. Finally, host cell adherence and invasion were significantly blocked in competition experiments with either purified FbsA protein or a monoclonal antibody directed against the fibrinogen-binding epitope of FbsA. Taken together, our studies demonstrate that FbsA promotes the adherence of S. agalactiae to epithelial cells but that FbsA does not mediate the bacterial invasion into host cells. Our results also indicate that fibrinogen-binding epitopes within FbsA are involved in the adherence of S. agalactiae to epithelial cells.
Schwickerath O, Brouns G, Thrasher A, Kinnon C, Roes J, Casimir C (2004) Enhancer-deleted retroviral vectors restore high levels of superoxide generation in a mouse model of CGD. J Gene Med 6 :603-615
BACKGROUND : Retroviral vectors possess many advantages for use in gene therapy protocols, especially within the haematopoietic system. A number of attendant problems, however, still limit their safety in clinical application. The effects of the enhancer present in the retroviral long terminal repeat (LTR) are a major concern for the clinical usage of such vectors, as they can exert a powerful regulatory influence on the genes that surround them. METHODS : To improve the safety and widen the applicability of retroviral vectors for use in gene therapy we have developed an enhancer-deleted (Delta-LTR) retroviral vector that retained high titre and demonstrated transcriptional activity in myeloid cells. RESULTS : When used to correct a mouse model of autosomal recessive chronic granulomatous disease, the Delta-LTR vectors gave acceptable levels of gene transfer to mouse bone marrow cells. Evidence for a slight preferential expression in myeloid cells was obtained with all the vectors studied. Nitroblue tetrazolium assay of superoxide generation in mouse bone marrow derived haematopoietic colonies revealed that transduction with Delta-LTR vectors could restore functional NADPH oxidase to cells from these animals. Superoxide assay of peripheral blood confirmed that, although relatively low numbers of cells were transduced, the Delta-LTR vector was capable of reconstituting very high levels of oxidase activity, comparable to that obtained from normal cells. CONCLUSIONS : The Delta-LTR vector described here could provide the basis for a new generation of retroviral vectors with improved safety.
Sekar R, Fuchs BM, Amann R, Pernthaler J (2004) Flow sorting of marine bacterioplankton after fluorescence in situ hybridization. Appl Environ Microbiol 70 :6210-6219
We describe an approach to sort cells from coastal North Sea bacterioplankton by flow cytometry after in situ hybridization with rRNA-targeted horseradish peroxidase-labeled oligonucleotide probes and catalyzed fluorescent reporter deposition (CARD-FISH). In a sample from spring 2003 >90% of the cells were detected by CARD-FISH with a bacterial probe (EUB338). Approximately 30% of the microbial assemblage was affiliated with the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium lineage of the Bacteroidetes (CFB group) (probe CF319a), and almost 10% was targeted by a probe for the beta-proteobacteria (probe BET42a). A protocol was optimized to detach cells hybridized with EUB338, BET42a, and CF319a from membrane filters (recovery rate, 70%) and to sort the cells by flow cytometry. The purity of sorted cells was >95%. 16S rRNA gene clone libraries were constructed from hybridized and sorted cells (S-EUB, S-BET, and S-CF libraries) and from unhybridized and unsorted cells (UNHYB library). Sequences related to the CFB group were significantly more frequent in the S-CF library (66%) than in the UNHYB library (13%). No enrichment of beta-proteobacterial sequence types was found in the S-BET library, but novel sequences related to Nitrosospira were found exclusively in this library. These bacteria, together with members of marine clade OM43, represented >90% of the beta-proteobacteria in the water sample, as determined by CARD-FISH with specific probes. This illustrates that a combination of CARD-FISH and flow sorting might be a powerful approach to study the diversity and potentially the activity and the genomes of different bacterial populations in aquatic habitats.
Siennicka J (2004) Detection of CMV infected cells by flow cytometry—evaluation of MAbs CCH2 and AAC10 directed against early and late CMV antigens. Pol J Microbiol 53 :127-129
In this work evaluation of usefulness of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) CCH2 and AAC10 directed against early—pUL44(DB52) and late—ppUL83(pp65) CMV antigens, utilized in Department of Virology, NIH for routine diagnosis of CMV infection by shell vial and pp65 antigenemia assay, for determination of CMV antigens by flow cytometry in human leucocytes, isolated, infected and cultivated in vitro was presented.
Singh BN, Lucas JJ, Hayes GR, Kumar I, Beach DH, Frajblat M, Gilbert RO, Sommer U, Costello CE (2004) Tritrichomonas foetus induces apoptotic cell death in bovine vaginal epithelial cells. Infect Immun 72 :4151-4158
Tritrichomonas foetus is a serious veterinary pathogen, causing bovine trichomoniasis, a sexually transmitted disease leading to infertility and abortion. T. foetus infects the mucosal surfaces of the reproductive tract. Infection with T. foetus leads to apoptotic cell death of bovine vaginal epithelial cells (BVECs) in culture. An affinity-purified cysteine protease (CP) fraction yielding on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis a single band with an apparent molecular mass of 30 kDa (CP30) also induces BVEC apoptosis. Treatment of CP30 with the protease inhibitors TLCK (Nalpha-p-tosyl-l-lysine chloromethyl ketone) and E-64 [l-trans-epoxysuccinyl-leucylamide-(4-guanido)-butane] greatly reduces induction of BVEC apoptosis. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry analysis of CP30 reveals a single peak with a molecular mass of 23.7 kDa. Mass spectral peptide sequence analysis of proteolytically digested CP30 reveals homologies to a previously reported cDNA clone, CP8 (D. J. Mallinson, J. Livingstone, K. M. Appleton, S. J. Lees, G. H. Coombs, and M. J. North, Microbiology 141:3077-3085, 1995). Induction of apoptosis is highly species specific, since the related human parasite Trichomonas vaginalis and associated purified CPs did not induce BVEC death. Fluorescence microscopy along with the Cell Death Detection ELISA(PLUS) assay and flow cytometry analyses were used to detect apoptotic nuclear condensation, DNA fragmentation, and changes in plasma membrane asymmetry in host cells undergoing apoptosis in response to T. foetus infection or incubation with CP30. Additionally, the activation of caspase-3 and inhibition of cell death by caspase inhibitors indicates that caspases are involved in BVEC apoptosis. These results imply that apoptosis is involved in the pathogenesis of T. foetus infection in vivo, which may have important implications for therapeutic interference with host cell death that could alter the course of the pathology in vivo.
Singh SP, McDonald D, Hope TJ, Prabhakar BS (2004) Upon thyrotropin binding the thyrotropin receptor is internalized and localized to endosome. Endocrinology 145 :1003-1010
To study the fate of TSH receptor (TSHR) on TSH binding, we constructed a chimeric cDNA that encodes a yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) fused to the carboxyl terminus of human TSHR. The protein expression in transfected cells was confirmed using flow cytometry. The functionality of the chimeric protein was determined by its ability to transduce signal leading to activation of cAMP in a TSH dose-dependent manner. The levels of cAMP produced by these cells were comparable with the levels seen in cells transfected with unfused TSHR without the YFP. Using deconvolution microscopy, we observed that the receptor is largely expressed on the cell surface, but on addition of TSH, some of the receptors were rapidly internalized. This conclusion was supported by several independent observations involving different cells expressing either native or recombinant TSHR. On TSH treatment, we observed internalization of human TSHR-YFP and human TSHR, expressed on 293 and CHO cells, respectively. This was further substantiated when we observed colocalization of rhodamine-labeled TSH with TSHR-YFP within the cell and by the uptake of radiolabeled TSH. Furthermore, shortly after ligand binding, there was a profound change in the morphology of the cells and some of the receptors accumulated in the perinuclear region of the cell. The TSHR-YFP was colocalized with RhoB-cyan fluorescent protein, indicating that it accumulated within the endosomes. These results indicate that the receptor internalization might in part be responsible for TSHR desensitization on TSH binding.
Srikumar R, Mikael LG, Pawelek PD, Khamessan A, Gibbs BF, Jacques M, Coulton JW (2004) Molecular cloning of haemoglobin-binding protein HgbA in the outer membrane of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. Microbiology 150 :1723-1734
From the porcine pathogen Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae cultivated in iron-deficient or haem-deficient media, haemoglobin (Hb)-agarose affinity purification was exploited to isolate an outer-membrane protein of approximately 105 kDa, designated HgbA. Internal peptide sequences of purified HgbA were used to design oligonucleotide primers for PCR amplification, yielding amplicons that showed partial sequences with homology to hgbA of Pasteurella multocida. Upon screening two genomic libraries of A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 1 strain 4074, positive clones were assembled into an ORF of 2838 bp. HgbA (946 aa) includes a signal peptide of 23 aa and the deduced HgbA sequence (104 890 Da) also demonstrated a possible Ton box. The promoter region of hgbA from A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 1 showed consensus for -35 and -10 sequences and a putative Fur-binding site. RT-PCR confirmed that hgbA of A. pleuropneumoniae is upregulated in response to diminished levels of iron in the culture medium. While an internally deleted hgbA mutant was unable to use pig Hb as sole source of iron for growth, flow cytometry confirmed its Hb binding ; the internally deleted sequences may not be required for Hb binding, but appear necessary for the iron supply from Hb. HgbA is required for growth of A. pleuropneumoniae in the presence of Hb as sole iron source.
Steinmetz J, Henny J, Gueguen R (2004) [Reference limits for urine sediments performed on Sysmex UF-50]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 62 :671-680
The Sysmex UF-50 is an automated flow cytometer for urine sediments analysis. Interpretation of the results needs establishment of reference limits for the different constituents measured. First of all, we checked precision of measurements and stability of urines during transportation. Then, urine samples from 4 to 95 year old subjects were examined with the UF-50, by visual microscopy and test strips. Distributions of results for erythrocytes, leukocytes, epithelial cells, casts, bacteria and conductivity were described in a sample of 680 subjects (364 men and 316 women), with creatininemia below 140 micromol/L, consuming no drugs and for women without intra uterine device and apart from menstruation period. Then, the results were compared with those obtained in groups selected on microscopic analysis and test strip results. UF-50 sensitivity and specificity were 77.5% and 88% for 15 erythrocytes/microL in reference to microscopic urinalysis, they were 91.3% and 87.3% for 15 leucocytes/microL. The reference sample was defined with negative microscopic results. The upper reference limits (centile 97.5) were 16 red blood cells/microL for men 14.5 for women, 13.5 and 33 leucocytes/microL, 8 and 19 epithelial cells/microL, 1,3 and 0,4 casts/microL, 5 500 et 7 700 bacteria/microL, 36,2 et 34,6 conductivity mS/cm. The Sysmex UF-50 is a suitable analyser for urinary sediments. Reference limits may be different from usual reference limits due to variability in performances of other methods.
Stevenson RA, Huang JA, Studdert MJ, Hartley CA (2004) Sialic acid acts as a receptor for equine rhinitis A virus binding and infection. J Gen Virol 85 :2535-2543
Equine rhinitis A virus (ERAV) is a member of the genus Aphthovirus, family Picornaviridae, and causes respiratory disease in horses worldwide. To characterize the putative receptor molecule(s) of the ERAV isolate 393/76 (ERAV.393/76) on the surface of Vero and other cells, an assay was developed to measure the binding of purified biotinylated ERAV.393/76 virions to cells by flow cytometry. Using this assay, the level of binding to different cell types correlated with the relative infectivity of ERAV in each cell type. In particular, equine fetal kidney cells, mouse fibroblast cells, rabbit kidney-13 and Crandell feline kidney cells bound virus at high levels and produced high virus yields (> or =10(7) TCID50 ml(-1)). Madin-Darby bovine kidney and baby hamster kidney cells showed little or no binding of virus, producing yields of < or =10(1.8) TCID50 ml(-1). Treatment of Vero and other cells with sodium periodate and the metabolic inhibitors tunicamycin, benzyl N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamide, D,L-threo-1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol and proteases indicated that part of the receptor-binding and entry complex for ERAV.393/76 is on N-linked carbohydrates and that the carbohydrate is likely to be present on a protein rather than a lipid backbone. The effect of carbohydrate-specific lectins and neuraminidases on ERAV.393/76 binding and infection of Vero and other cell types implicated alpha2,3-linked sialic acid residues on the carbohydrate complex in the binding and infection of ERAV.
Sundstrom H, Wallberg F, Ledung E, Norrman B, Hewitt CJ, Enfors SO (2004) Segregation to non-dividing cells in recombinant Escherichia coli fed-batch fermentation processes. Biotechnol Lett 26 :1533-1539
In Escherichia coli fermentation processes, a drastic drop in viable cell count as measured by the number of colony forming units per ml (c.f.u. ml(-1)) is often observed. This phenomenon was investigated in a process for the production of the recombinant fusion protein, promegapoietin (PMP). After induction, the number of c.f.u. ml(-1) dropped to approximately 10% of its maximum though the biomass concentration continued to increase. Flow cytometric analysis of viability and intracellular concentration of PMP showed that almost all cells were alive and contributed to the production. Thus, the drop in the number of c.f.u. ml(-1) probably reflects a loss of cell division capability rather than cell death.
Szaniszlo P, Wang N, Sinha M, Reece LM, Van Hook JW, Luxon BA, Leary JF (2004) Getting the right cells to the array : Gene expression microarray analysis of cell mixtures and sorted cells. Cytometry A 59 :191-202
BACKGROUND : Most biological samples are cell mixtures. Some basic questions are still unanswered about analyzing these heterogeneous samples using gene expression microarray technology (MAT). How meaningful is a cell mixture’s overall gene expression profile (GEP) ? Is it necessary to purify the cells of interest before microarray analysis, and how much purity is needed ? How much does the purification itself distort the GEP, and how well can the GEP of a small cell subset be recovered ? METHODS : Model cell mixtures with different cell ratios were analyzed by both spotted and Affymetrix MAT. GEP distortion during cell purification and GEPs of purified cells were studied. CD34+ cord blood cells were purified and analyzed by MAT. RESULTS : GEPs for mixed cell populations were found to mirror the cell ratios in the mixture. Over 75% pure samples were indistinguishable from pure cells by their overall GEP. Cell purification preserved the GEP. The GEPs of small cell subsets could be accurately recovered by cell sorting both from model cell mixtures and from cord blood. CONCLUSIONS : Purification of small cell subsets from a mixture prior to MAT is necessary for meaningful results. Even completely hidden GEPs of small cell subpopulations can be recovered by cell sorting.
Tada Y, Mori T, Shinogi T, Yao N, Takahashi S, Betsuyaku S, Sakamoto M, Park P, Nakayashiki H, Tosa Y, Mayama S (2004) Nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species do not elicit hypersensitive cell death but induce apoptosis in the adjacent cells during the defense response of oat. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 17 :245-253
Nitric oxide (NO) acts as a signaling molecule in many cellular responses in plants and animals. Oat plants (Avena sativa L.) evoke the hypersensitive response (HR), which shares morphological and biochemical features with mammalian apoptosis, such as DNA laddering and heterochromatin condensation, in response to the avirulent crown rust fungus (Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae). We examined the role of NO and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the initiation of hypersensitive cell death, which is induced by direct contact with the pathogen, and apoptotic cell death in the adjacent cells. Cytofluorimetric analysis using the fluorescent NO probe DAF and the H2O2 probe DCF demonstrated that NO and H2O2 were generated simultaneously in primary leaves at an early stage of the defense response. The NO scavenger 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (cPTIO) markedly enhanced H2O2 accumulation detected by 3,3-diaminobenzidine staining and DCF, whereas treatment with the NO donor S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) strongly suppressed it. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased NO accumulation, suggesting that endogenous NO may modulate the level of H2O2 by interacting with O2- in the HR lesion. Cytological observation showed that administration of cPTIO, SNAP, or SOD had no effect on elicitation of hypersensitive cell death, but clearly reduced heterochromatin condensation in the nearby cells and DNA laddering. These findings indicate that NO and ROS are not essential mediators for the initiation of hypersensitive cell death. However, NO and O2- but not H2O2 are required for the onset of apoptotic cell death in the adjacent cells, where excess NO may exert its anti-apoptotic function by regulating cellular redox state.
Taylor RM, Burritt JB, Baniulis D, Foubert TR, Lord CI, Dinauer MC, Parkos CA, Jesaitis AJ (2004) Site-specific inhibitors of NADPH oxidase activity and structural probes of flavocytochrome b : characterization of six monoclonal antibodies to the p22phox subunit. J Immunol 173 :7349-7357
The integral membrane protein flavocytochrome b (Cyt b) is the catalytic core of the human phagocyte NADPH oxidase, an enzyme complex that initiates a cascade of reactive oxygen species important in the elimination of infectious agents. This study reports the generation and characterization of six mAbs (NS1, NS2, NS5, CS6, CS8, and CS9) that recognize the p22(phox) subunit of the Cyt b heterodimer. Each of the mAbs specifically detected p22(phox) by Western blot analysis but did not react with intact neutrophils in FACS studies. Phage display mapping identified core epitope regions recognized by mAbs NS2, NS5, CS6, CS8, and CS9. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer experiments indicated that mAbs CS6 and CS8 efficiently compete with Cascade Blue-labeled mAb 44.1 (a previously characterized, p22(phox)-specific mAb) for binding to Cyt b, supporting phage display results suggesting that all three Abs recognize a common region of p22(phox). Energy transfer experiments also suggested the spatial proximity of the mAb CS9 and mAb NS1 binding sites to the mAb 44.1 epitope, while indicating a more distant proximity between the mAb NS5 and mAb 44.1 epitopes. Cell-free oxidase assays demonstrated the ability of mAb CS9 to markedly inhibit superoxide production in a concentration-dependent manner, with more moderate levels of inhibition observed for mAbs NS1, NS5, CS6, and CS8. A combination of computational predictions, available experimental data, and results obtained with the mAbs reported in this study was used to generate a novel topology model of p22(phox).
Trentmann O, Khatri NK, Hoffmann F (2004) Reduced oxygen supply increases process stability and product yield with recombinant Pichia pastoris. Biotechnol Prog 20 :1766-1775
A single-chain antibody fragment directed against fimbriae of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli was produced by recombinant Pichia pastoris under control of the methanol-inducible AOX1 promoter. In high-cell-density cultivation on defined medium, methanol-limited and methanol-saturated conditions were compared. After batch and fed-batch phase on glycerol, the methanol concentration was controlled to 1% (v/v) or methanol was fed with an exponentially increasing rate. Whereas methanol limitation impaired cell integrity and product quality, finally yielding no active product as a result of degradation, oxygen limitation was acceptable. To postpone the onset of limitation, the inlet air was enriched by pure oxygen. Because of faster methanol consumption, however, the process became sensitive to fluctuations in the feeding rate, and complete arrest of metabolism encountered upon small perturbations shortened the active production period. Without additional oxygen supply, the process was robust. Loss of culture integrity was monitored by flow cytometry and was found to precede changes in metabolic rates ; it can thus serve as a sensitive indicator of forthcoming problems. Single-step downstream processing from the culture supernatant by His-affinity chromatography was efficient when antifoam agent that coagulates upon pH titration was omitted and yielded 1 g of purified lyophilized product from 6 L initial culture volume.
Troussellier M, Got P, Bouvy M, M’Boup M, Arfi R, Lebihan F, Monfort P, Corbin D, Bernard C (2004) Water quality and health status of the Senegal River estuary. Mar Pollut Bull 48 :852-862
The Senegal River estuary was sampled in May 2002 to get the first data on both the trophic and sanitary status of the water of the main river of the northwest African coast. Several physical, chemical and microbiological variables were measured twice along a transect. Inorganic nutrient concentrations were low while phytoplanktonic abundances (0.58-1.8 x 10(5) cells ml(-1)), bacterial abundances (0.27-8.1 x 10(7) cells ml(-1)), activity (22-474 pmol l(-1) h(-1)), were among the highest recorded in such ecosystems. Microbiological variables revealed a eutrophicated status for this estuary. Largest abundances of fecal contamination bacterial indicators were only detected in localized areas (Saint-Louis city and surrounding areas). The apparent good survival of fecal indicator bacteria in the estuarine waters despite a long residence time (4-5 days) has been evaluated by complementary survival experiments. Exposed to a salinity gradient, a local Escherichia coli strain showed a significantly better survival than those of an E. coli reference strain.
Tsukiyama-Kohara K, Tone S, Maruyama I, Inoue K, Katsume A, Nuriya H, Ohmori H, Ohkawa J, Taira K, Hoshikawa Y, Shibasaki F, Reth M, Minatogawa Y, Kohara M (2004) Activation of the CKI-CDK-Rb-E2F pathway in full genome hepatitis C virus-expressing cells. J Biol Chem 279 :14531-14541
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) causes persistent infection in hepatocytes, and this infection is, in turn, strongly associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. To clarify the mechanisms underlying these effects, we established a Cre/loxP conditional expression system for the precisely self-trimmed HCV genome in human liver cells. Passage of hepatocytes expressing replicable full-length HCV (HCR6-Rz) RNA caused up-regulation of anchorage-independent growth after 44 days. In contrast, hepatocytes expressing HCV structural, nonstructural, or all viral proteins showed no significant changes after passage for 44 days. Only cells expressing HCR6-Rz passaged for 44 days displayed acceleration of CDK activity, hyperphosphorylation of Rb, and E2F activation. These results demonstrate that full genome HCV expression up-regulates the CDK-Rb-E2F pathway much more effectively than HCV proteins during passage.
Veach RA, Liu D, Yao S, Chen Y, Liu XY, Downs S, Hawiger J (2004) Receptor/transporter-independent targeting of functional peptides across the plasma membrane. J Biol Chem 279 :11425-11431
Targeting of peptides, proteins, and other functional cargo into living cells is contingent upon efficient transport across the plasma membrane barrier. We have harnessed the signal sequence hydrophobic region (SSHR) to deliver functional cargoes to cultured cells and to experimental animals. We now report evidence that two chirally distinct forms of SSHR composed of all l or all d amino acids showed similar membrane-translocating activity as assessed by confocal microscopy, flow cytometry, and direct fluorescence measurement. An attached nuclear localization sequence ferried by the SSHR enantiomers displayed similar intracellular function by inhibiting inducible nuclear import of transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B and suppressing nuclear factor kappa B-dependent gene expression of cytokines. A nuclear localization sequence comprised of a positively charged cluster of amino acids was rapidly translocated by SSHR enantiomers to the interior of unilamellar phospholipid vesicles. These findings indicate that the SSHR translocates functional peptides directly through the plasma membrane phospholipid bilayer without involving chirally specific receptor/transporter mechanisms. This mechanism of SSHR translocation is suitable for facile delivery of biologically active peptides for cell-based and animal-based functional proteomic studies.
Venkaiah B, Viswanathan P, Habib S, Hasnain SE (2004) An additional copy of the homologous region (hr1) sequence in the Autographa californica multinucleocapsid polyhedrosis virus genome promotes hyperexpression of foreign genes. Biochemistry 43 :8143-8151
The Autographa californica multinucleocapsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus genome contains nine homologous region (hr1, hr1a, hr2, hr2a, hr3, hr4a, hr4b, hr4c, and hr5) sequences that are thought to be involved in viral replication and activation of transcription. Our results show that the 750 bp hr1 sequence is capable of functioning as an enhancer of transcription of foreign genes from the homologous late polyhderin gene promoter and the heterologous Drosophila heat shock protein (hsp70) promoter in insect cells. Introduction of an additional copy of the complete hr1 element downstream to the polyhedrin locus in the viral genome, while not affecting the stability of the recombinant virus for at least 30 serial passages, led to hyperexpression of reporter genes. The enhancement in the expression levels of foreign genes varied from 40 to 90-fold depending on the promoter used.
Vielma SA, Mironova M, Ku JR, Lopes-Virella MF (2004) Oxidized LDL further enhances expression of adhesion molecules in Chlamydophila pneumoniae-infected endothelial cells. J Lipid Res 45 :873-880
Chlamydophila pneumoniae is a common respiratory pathogen that has been shown to be associated with coronary artery disease. Recent studies have shown that one of the possible mechanisms of the atherogenicity of C. pneumoniae is overexpression of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) in infected endothelial cells. We investigated whether exposure of C. pneumoniae-infected endothelial cells to oxidized LDL (oxLDL) leads to further upregulation of CAMs. Flow cytometry and immunoblot analysis of human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) was performed for intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and E-selectin. ICAM-1 was expressed in 78.7% of C. pneumoniae-infected HAECs. The addition of oxLDL (100 microg/ml) to infected HAECs increased the proportion of ICAM-1-positive cells to 92%. VCAM-1 was only observed in 9.3% of infected HAECs, and the addition of oxLDL had no further effect on the surface expression of VCAM-1. C. pneumoniae also upregulated the surface expression of E-selectin on 52.2% of the cells, and incubation with oxLDL further increased the proportion of positive cells to 63.64%. In conclusion, C. pneumoniae upregulated the expression of the adhesion molecules ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and E-selectin on HAECs. The addition of oxLDL to the infected cells further enhanced the surface expression of ICAM-1 and E-selectin.
Wang Y, Xie J, Yarber FA, Mazurek C, Trousdale MD, Medina-Kauwe LK, Kasahara N, Hamm-Alvarez SF (2004) Adenoviral capsid modulates secretory compartment organization and function in acinar epithelial cells from rabbit lacrimal gland. Gene Ther 11 :970-981
Although adenovirus (Ad) exhibits tropism for epithelial cells, little is known about the cellular effects of adenoviral binding and internalization on epithelial functions. Here, we examine its effects on the secretory acinar epithelial cells of the lacrimal gland, responsible for stimulated release of tear proteins into ocular fluid. Exposure of reconstituted rabbit lacrimal acini to replication-defective Ad for 16-18 h under conditions that resulted in >80% transduction efficiency did not alter cytoskeletal filament or biosynthetic/endosomal membrane compartment organization. Transduction specifically altered the organization of the stimulated secretory pathway, eliciting major dispersal of rab3D immunofluorescence from apical stores normally associated with mature secretory vesicles. Biochemical studies revealed that this dispersal was not associated with altered rab3D expression nor its release from cellular membranes. Ultraviolet (UV)-inactivated Ad elicited similar dispersal of rab3D immunofluorescence. In acini exposed to replication-defective or UV-inactivated Ad, carbachol-stimulated release of bulk protein and beta-hexosaminidase were significantly (P< or =0.05) inhibited to an extent proportional to the loss of rab3D-enriched mature secretory vesicles associated with these treatments. We propose that the altered secretory compartment organization and function caused by Ad reflects changes in the normal maturation of secretory vesicles, and that these changes are caused by exposure to the Ad capsid.
Wong SK, Li W, Moore MJ, Choe H, Farzan M (2004) A 193-amino acid fragment of the SARS coronavirus S protein efficiently binds angiotensin-converting enzyme 2. J Biol Chem 279 :3197-3201
The coronavirus spike (S) protein mediates infection of receptor-expressing host cells and is a critical target for antiviral neutralizing antibodies. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a functional receptor for the coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV) that causes SARS. Here we demonstrate that a 193-amino acid fragment of the S protein (residues 318-510) bound ACE2 more efficiently than did the full S1 domain (residues 12-672). Smaller S protein fragments, expressing residues 327-510 or 318-490, did not detectably bind ACE2. A point mutation at aspartic acid 454 abolished association of the full S1 domain and of the 193-residue fragment with ACE2. The 193-residue fragment blocked S protein-mediated infection with an IC(50) of less than 10 nm, whereas the IC(50) of the S1 domain was approximately 50 nm. These data identify an independently folded receptor-binding domain of the SARS-CoV S protein.
Yang JW, Wang FI (2004) Impairment of oxidative burst in porcine neutrophils induced by pseudorabies virus. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 101 :123-130
Industrial swine production is affected by several serious viral diseases, such as pseudorabies, hog cholera, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, which are frequently complicated with the increased incidence of bacterial complications such as Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP). This clinical observation is suggestive of a virus-bacteria synergism on the pathogenesis. One hypothesis is that viruses induce polymorphonuclear cell (PMNs, primarily neutrophils) dysfunction resulting in defective antibacterial resistance. The purpose of this study was to use the pseudorabies virus (PrV) as a model to explore the possibility of virus-induced PMN dysfunctions in pigs. The goals were to evaluate, in ex vivo settings, the oxidative burst (OB) function of pig PMNs, and to evaluate whether PrV could affect these responses to APP. We found that PrV served as a mild OB stimulant (2-fold) to pig PMNs, which also launched a significant burst to phorbol 12-myristate 13-diacetate (PMA ; 61-fold), to non-opsonized, heat-killed and formaldehyde-fixed APP (8-fold), and to normal pig serum-opsonized APP (34-fold). Interestingly, the PMA-induced OB could be reduced 50-70% by preincubating PMNs with PrV, and the critical target was not likely the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase itself. Inactivated PrV was as efficient as viable PrV at exerting the inhibitory effect. On the other hand, PrV exerted a primarily additive effect on APP-induced OB, when the cytotoxic effect of APP on PMNs was avoided. The current finding suggests the possibility that activated PMNs are susceptible to PrV-induced dysfunction, and that the PrV-APP synergism may require upstream stimuli of PMNs to be initiated.
Yuan JP, Li T, Chen HB, Li ZH, Yang GZ, Hu BY, Shi XD, Tong SQ, Li YX, Guo XK (2004) Analysis of gene expression profile in gastric cancer cells stimulated with Helicobacter pylori isogenic strains. J Med Microbiol 53 :965-974
To understand the biological processes within host cells induced by VacA, isogenic strains of Helicobacter pylori (NCTC 11638 or 11638-DeltavacA) were used to stimulate gastric cancer cells SGC7901, and differentially expressed genes in host cells were identified using cDNA microarray technology. More than 300 genes were found to alter their mRNA expression at different time points, among which 68 were related to the cytoskeleton, 87 were associated with cell cycle, cell death and proliferation, IL8 expression was also found to be up-regulated. Cells co-cultured with broth-culture supernatant (BCS) of NCTC 11638 showed more alteration in microtubule cytoskeleton morphology, as observed by laser scanning confocal microscopy, and a lower apoptosis rate, detected by flow cytometry, compared with those co-cultured with BCS of 11638-DeltavacA. The supernatants of cells co-cultured with NCTC 11638 showed significantly higher IL8 expression than those co-cultured with 11638-DeltavacA. It is concluded that VacA disrupts cytoskeletal architecture by influencing the expression of cytoskeleton-associated genes. VacA breaks the balance between cell proliferation and cell death by inducing the maladjustment of genes related to cell cycle. VacA is also able to induce the inflammatory response.
Zhang HK, Zhang X, Mao BZ, Li Q, He ZH (2004) Alpha-picolinic acid, a fungal toxin and mammal apoptosis-inducing agent, elicits hypersensitive-like response and enhances disease resistance in rice. Cell Res 14 :27-33
Alpha-picolinic acid (PA), a metabolite of tryptophan and an inducer of apoptosis in the animal cell, has been reported to be a toxin produced by some of plant fungal pathogens and used in screening for disease resistant mutants. Here, we report that PA is an efficient apoptosis agent triggering cell death of hypersensitive-like response in planta. Confirmed by Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorter (FACS), rice suspension cells and leaves exhibited programmed cell death induced by PA. The PA-induced cell death was associated with the accumulation of reactive oxygen species that could be blocked by diphenylene iodonium chloride, indicating that the generation of reactive oxygen species was NADPH-oxidase dependent. We also demonstrated the induction of rice defense-related genes and subsequent resistant enhancement by PA against the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea. Hence, it was concluded that the PA-stimulated defense response likely involves the onset of the hypersensitive response in rice, which also provides a simple eliciting tool for studying apoptosis in the plant cell.
Zhao X, Oh SH, Cheng G, Green CB, Nuessen JA, Yeater K, Leng RP, Brown AJ, Hoyer LL (2004) ALS3 and ALS8 represent a single locus that encodes a Candida albicans adhesin ; functional comparisons between Als3p and Als1p. Microbiology 150 :2415-2428
The ALS (agglutinin-like sequence) gene family of Candida albicans encodes eight cell-surface glycoproteins, some of which are involved in adherence to host surfaces. A mutational analysis of each ALS gene is currently being performed to deduce the functions of the encoded proteins and to better understand the role of these proteins in C. albicans biology and pathogenesis. This paper describes construction of an als3/als3 mutant and comparison of its phenotype to an als1/als1 strain. Efforts to disrupt ALS3 indicated that the gene could be deleted in two transformation steps, suggesting that the gene is encoded by a single locus and that the ALS3-like locus, ALS8, does not exist. Strains lacking ALS3 or ALS1 did not exhibit a defect in germ tube formation when grown in RPMI 1640 medium, but the als1/als1 mutant formed significantly fewer germ tubes in Lee medium. Analysis of ALS3 and ALS1 promoter activity using green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter strains and flow cytometry showed that when cells are placed into medium that promotes germ tube formation, ALS1 is transcribed prior to ALS3. Comparison of the mutant strains in adhesion assays showed that the als3/als3 strain was defective in adhesion to both human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and buccal epithelial cells (BEC), but not to fibronectin-coated plastic plates. In contrast, the als1/als1 strain showed decreased adherence to HUVEC, but adherence to BEC and fibronectin were the same as wild-type controls. Inoculation of the buccal reconstituted human epithelium (RHE) model of oral candidiasis with the mutant strains showed nearly a total lack of adhesion and epithelial destruction by the als3/als3 mutant while the als1/als1 strain showed only a slightly reduced degree of epithelial destruction compared to the wild-type control. Adhesion data presented here suggest that, in the assays performed, loss of Als3p affects C. albicans adhesion more than loss of Als1p. Collectively, these results demonstrate functional similarities and differences between Als1p and Als3p, and suggest the potential for more complex interrelationships between the ALS genes and their encoded proteins.
Zhong SS, Zhang ZS, Wang JD, Lai ZS, Wang QY, Pan LJ, Ren YX (2004) Competitive inhibition of adherence of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and Clostridium difficile to intestinal epithelial cell line Lovo by purified adhesin of Bifidobacterium adolescentis 1027. World J Gastroenterol 10 :1630-1633
AIM : To observe competitive inhibition of adherence of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) and Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) to intestinal epithelial cell line Lovo by purified adhesin of Bifidobacterium adolescentis 1027 (B. ado 1027). METHODS : The binding of bacteria to intestinal epithelial cell line Lovo was counted by adhesion assay. The inhibition of adherence of ETEC, EPEC and C. difficile to intestinal epithelial cell line Lovo by purified adhesin of B. ado 1027 was evaluated quantitatively by flow cytometry. RESULTS : The purified adhesin at the concentration of 10 microg/mL, 20 microg/mL and 30 microg/mL except at 1 microg/mL and 5 microg/mL could inhibit significantly the adhesion of ETEC, EPEC and C. difficile to intestinal epithelial cell line Lovo. Moreover, we observed that a reduction in bacterial adhesion was occurred with increase in the concentration of adhesin, and MFI (Mean fluorescent intensity) was decreased with increase in the concentration of adhesin. CONCLUSION : The purified adhesin of B. ado 1027 can inhibit the adhesion of ETEC, EPEC and C. difficile to intestinal epithelial cell line Lovo in a dose-dependent manner.
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Biology of nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer: pathology, genomic implications, and immunology
The extreme C terminus of the effector ExoY is crucial for binding to its eukaryotic activator, F-actin
© Thomas Wollert
Publication : Journal of cell science
Reconstruction of destruction – reconstitution methods in autophagy research
Équipe: Biochimie Membranaire et Transport
Membre : Thomas Wollert
Publié sur Journal of cell science - 31 Oct 2018
Moparthi SB, Wollert T
Lien vers Pubmed [PMID] – 30381358
J. Cell. Sci. 2018 Oct;132(4)
Autophagy is one of the most elaborative membrane remodeling systems in eukaryotic cells. Its major function is to recycle cytoplasmic material by delivering it to lysosomes for degradation. To achieve this, a membrane cisterna is formed that gradually captures cargo such as organelles or protein aggregates. The diversity of cargo requires autophagy to be highly versatile to adapt the shape of the phagophore to its substrate. Upon closure of the phagophore, a double-membrane-surrounded autophagosome is formed that eventually fuses with lysosomes. In response to environmental cues such as cytotoxicity or starvation, bulk cytoplasm can be captured and delivered to lysosomes. Autophagy thus supports cellular survival under adverse conditions. During the past decades, groundbreaking genetic and cell biological studies have identified the core machinery involved in the process. In this Review, we are focusing on reconstitution approaches to decipher the details and spatiotemporal control of autophagy, and how such studies contributed to our current understanding of the pathways in yeast and mammals. We highlight studies that revealed the function of the autophagy machinery at a molecular level with respect to its capacity to remodel membranes.
Publié le: 31 Oct 2018
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Atheism & Religion
God: The Original Fascist
"A Leap of Faith" and a Leap to Rational Knowledge: Two Very Different Kinds of Leaps, Two Radically Different Worldviews and Methods, by Bob Avakian
Part 1: Religion Is Religion, Communism Is Scientific, December 26, 2005
Part 2: The Leap From Perceptual to Rational Knowledge, January 22, 2006
Part 3: The Big Bang, Evolution, and Revolution, January 29, 2006
Pope Benedict Visits New York, Christianity, Communism and Real Hope, April 20, 2008
Two Views On Spartacus, April 20, 2008
Away With All Gods!, Help Make This Book a Major Social Question, April 20, 2008
The Catholic Church…, April 20, 2008
Unchaining the Mind and Radically Changing the World, A Challenge to Take Up, Engage With, and Promote Away With All Gods!, April 13, 2008
Praise for Away With All Gods!, April 13, 2008
Away With All Gods! Unchaining the Mind and Radically Changing the World, by Bob Avakian, April 13, 2008
Away With All Gods! Book Release Events, April 13, 2008
Chicago: Easter Protest by Catholic Schoolgirls Against the War, April 6, 2008
Fourteen-Year-Old Atheist Dawn Sherman: "We didn't want an injection of religion into public school", April 6, 2008
If you want to understand why things are the way they are and how to change them… Read Revolution, April 6, 2008
Away With All Gods!
Unchaining the Mind and Radically Changing the World
by Bob Avakian , March 24, 2008
Coming April 2008
Away With All Gods! Unchaining the Mind and Radically Changing the World, by Bob Avakian, March 9, 2008
Coming April 2008, Away With All Gods! Unchaining the Mind and Radically Changing the World, by Bob Avakian, February 24, 2008
Now Available! Away With All Gods! Unchaining the Mind and Radically Changing the World, by Bob Avakian, April 6, 2008
by Bob Avakian, March 23, 2008
From the Harlem Revolution Club, Debating God on 125th St., February 17, 2008
T.D. Jakes and BattleCry: A dangerous alliance—A dangerous trap , February 17, 2008
If you want a real understanding of the real world, why things are the way they are and how to change things...Read Revolution!, February 10, 2008
If you think that’s messed up and want to get free...Read Revolution!, January 27, 2008
Coming April 2008, Away With All Gods! Unchaining the Mind and Radically Changing the World, by Bob Avakian, November 25, 2007
And What About the Bible!, October 21, 2007
If You Want to Understand the Rise of Islamic Fundamentalism and the “War on Terror,” You Need to Know:, October 21, 2007
Why Is Religious Fundamentalism Growing in Today’s World—
And What Is the Real Alternative?, by Bob Avakian, Chairman of the Revolutionary Communist Party, USA, October 14, 2007
Excerpt from New Book on Religion by Bob Avakian, Religious Fundamentalism, Imperialism and “The War on Terror”, by Bob Avakian, Chairman of the Revolutionary Communist Party, October 7, 2007
David Horowitz' Reactionary Road Show Must be Confronted and Exposed, You Can't Defeat Fascism By Ignoring It, by Reggie Dylan, October 7, 2007
If You Want to Understand the Rise of Islamic Fundamentalism and the “War on Terror,” You Need to Know:, October 7, 2007
We need a lot more of this…, September 23, 2007
If You Believe… (#2), July 29, 2007
If You Believe…, July 22, 2007
Scenes from a Faith Based Future... The Bible Taken Literally is a Horror! (Graphic)
Part 1, May 6, 2007
Part 2 , May 13, 2007
Part 3, May 27, 2007
Part 4, June 17, 2007
The True Story of “The Great Gift Of The Christian Faith To The Peoples Of This Continent.", June 10, 2007
Atheists Push Back, Beyond Belief 2006 Conference--Scientists Debate Science and Religion, January 7, 2007
Praying Won’t End Injustice—We Need to Understand the World As It Is, and Make Revolution to Change It!, By Carl Dix, December 24, 2006
Pat Tillman Family Attacked for Pursuing the Truth... and Not Being Christians, November 26, 2006
Religious Ignoramuses of the World Find Common Cause in the Persecution of Gay People, November 19, 2006
Archeologists Discover Missing Bible Parchment: "God Actually Did Create Adam and Steve!", November 19, 2006
The Bible Taken Literally — for Women — Is a Horror, March 12, 2006
Pat and Jerry's Christmas Correction Camp, December 19, 2005
Revolution Interview, Frank O'Gorman on the Vatican Ban on Gay Priests, December 19, 2005
Pope's Benedict's Witchunt, December 19, 2005
On Christian Fascist Leader Pat Robertson’s Demand that Society Impose the Death Penalty in the Way Prescribed in the Bible, by Bob Avakian, December 12, 2005
The Bible and Baby-Killing: The Right to Abortion and the Whole Direction of Society: by Bob Avakian, Chairman of the Revolutionary Communist Party, USA, August 28, 2005
The Myth of Jesus: Excerpts from Writings by RCP Chairman Bob Avakian, May 9, 2004
"Why Do People Turn to Religion, When There Really Is No God?" - Excerpts from Writings April 25, 2004
The Religious Impulse: "Skinning the Ox Twice"
Preaching from a Pulpit of Bones: The Reality Beneath William Bennett's Virtues ,
Or We Need Morality but NOT Traditional Morality
by Bob Avakian
Clinging to Tradition Only Ends Up Making Peace with Oppression
Real Liberation for Women Can't Be Found in the Bible
Complete Liberation and Letting Go of Religion
Freeing the Spirit
Can We Be Good Without God?
Putting An End to Inequality
Revolutionary Moral Standards
What's Good for the Oppressor is Evil for the Oppressed
What is Communist Morality
Conservatives, Liberals, Revolutionaries
The Pulpit of Bones
A Time for Radical Ruptures: Fairy Tales and Tradition's Chains
Communism & Religion
1 Freedom and Necessity
2 Christianity Early Christian Communalism and Real Communism
Liberation Theology and Real Liberation
Being Good Without God
God Can't Lead the Revolution
3 Islam Roots and Revolution
Taking off the Shackles: Less Atonement, More Revolution
4 The Battle of Ideas, the Battle of Material Forces
If The Christian Fascists Had Their Say, And The Bible Was the Law Today, Would You Want To Live This Way?
Interview with a Latin American Youth: On Our Chairman and the Importance of Atheism
April 24, 2005 The Armaggedon Porn of NBC's Revelations : by Sunsara Taylor
The Science of Evolution
by Ardea Skybreak
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National International Business & Economy Assembly Polls
12 killed, over 40 feared trapped as Mumbai building collapses
Pakistan opens airspace for all civilian traffic, Indian flights to operate soon
Pak anti-terror court grants interim bail to JuD chief Hafiz Saeed, his 3 aides
Sensex tanks over 700 points on global selloff
Economic Survey 2018-19 tabled in Parliament
Data related to payments to be stored only in India: RBI
Mayawati, Akhilesh Yadav go different ways for upcoming UP bypolls
Goa and Arunachal Pradesh to elect new speaker today
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International / Ethiopian Airlines crash spreads global grief; 4 Indians among 157 killed
Ethiopian Airlines crash spreads global grief; 4 Indians among 157 killed
11:31 AM, 11 Mar 2019
File photo of Ethiopian Airlines
An Ethiopian Airlines jet faltered and crashed shortly after takeoff, carving a gash in the earth and spreading global grief to 35 countries that had someone among the 157 people who were killed.
There was no immediate indication why the plane went down in clear weather while on a flight to Nairobi, the capital of neighbouring Kenya.
The crash was strikingly similar to that of a Lion Air jet in Indonesian seas last year, killing 189 people. Both accidents involved the Boeing 737 Max 8, and China ordered a temporary grounding of those planes for Chinese airlines Monday.
The crash shattered more than two years of relative calm in African skies, where travel had long been chaotic. It also was a serious blow to state-owned Ethiopian Airlines, which has expanded to become the continent’s largest and best-managed carrier and turned Addis Ababa into the gateway to Africa.
“Ethiopian Airlines is one of the safest airlines in the world. At this stage we cannot rule out anything,” CEO Tewolde Gebremariam told reporters. He visited the crash site, standing in the gaping crater flecked with debris.
Black body bags were spread out nearby while Red Cross and other workers looked for remains. As the sun set, the airline’s chief operating officer said the plane’s flight data recorder had not yet been found.
Around the world, families were gripped by grief. At the Addis Ababa airport, a woman called a mobile number in vain. “Where are you, my son?” she said, in tears. Others cried as they approached the terminal.
Shocked leaders of the United Nations, the UN refugee agency and the World Food Program announced that colleagues had been on the plane. The UN migration agency estimated some 19 UN-affiliated employees were killed. Both Addis Ababa and Nairobi are major hubs for humanitarian workers, and many people were on their way to a large UN environmental conference set to begin Monday in Nairobi.
The Addis Ababa-Nairobi route links East Africa’s two largest economic powers. Sunburned travellers and tour groups crowd the Addis Ababa airport’s waiting areas, along with businessmen from China, Gulf nations and elsewhere.
A list of the dead released by Ethiopian Airlines included passengers from China, the United States, Saudi Arabia, Nepal, Israel, India and Somalia. Kenya lost 32 citizens. Canada, 18. Several countries including the United States lost four or more people.
Ethiopian officials declared Monday a day of mourning.
The crash is likely to renew questions about the 737 Max, the newest version of Boeing’s popular single-aisle airliner, which was first introduced in 1967 and has become the world’s most common passenger jet.
China’s civil aviation authority on Monday ordered a nine-hour grounding of that model plane for safety reasons and said it would consult with Boeing and others further.
The Ethiopian Airlines CEO “stated there were no defects prior to the flight, so it is hard to see any parallels with the Lion Air crash yet,” said Harro Ranter, founder of the Aviation Safety Network, which compiles information about accidents worldwide.
The Ethiopian plane was new, delivered to the airline in November. The Boeing 737 Max 8 was one of 30 meant for the airline, Boeing said in July. The jet’s last maintenance was on February 4, and it had flown just 1,200 hours.
The plane crashed six minutes after departure, ploughing into the ground at Hejere near Bishoftu, or Debre Zeit, some 50 kilometres (31 miles) outside Addis Ababa, at 8:44 am local time.
The jet showed unstable vertical speed after takeoff, air traffic monitor Flightradar 24 said. The senior Ethiopian pilot, who joined the airline in 2010, sent out a distress call and was given clearance to return to the airport, the airline’s CEO told reporters.
In the US, the Federal Aviation Administration said it would join the National Transportation Safety Board in assisting Ethiopian authorities with the crash investigation. Boeing planned to send a technical team to Ethiopia.
The last deadly crash of an Ethiopian Airlines passenger flight was in 2010, when a plane went down minutes after takeoff from Beirut, killing all 90 people on board.
African air travel has improved in recent years, with the International Air Transport Association in November noting “two years free of any fatalities on any aircraft type.”
Sunday’s crash comes as the country’s reformist young prime minister, Abiy Ahmed, has vowed to open up the airline and other sectors to foreign investment in a major transformation of the state-centred economy.
Speaking at the inauguration in January of a new passenger terminal in Addis Ababa to triple capacity, the prime minister challenged the airline to build a new “Airport City” terminal in Bishoftu where Sunday’s crash occurred.
(PTI)
35 countries, Ethiopian Airlines, Ethiopian Airlines plane crash, External Affairs Minister Swaraj Swaraj, Kenya, Nairobi airport, Nigeria
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Fri 15 Mar 2019 | 08:02
SANZAAR bosses reveal their stance on World League
REACTION: Rugby bosses from New Zealand, Australia and South Africa have emerged from World League talks in Dublin this week with a clear view of where they stand.
World Rugby has defended its controversial Nations Championship concept, saying the proposed annual global tournament could earn the sport £5 billion (US$6.6 billion) in 12 years.
Officials from around the globe met in the Irish capital on Thursday to discuss the concept of the proposed World Rugby Nations Championship, which was initially met with a barrage of criticism worldwide from players, coaches, fans, administrators and pundits for a variety of reasons including disregard for player welfare and a lack of opportunities for emerging nations.
However, World Rugby have since updated the blueprint for the competition, adding a promotion-relegation mechanism to provide tier two and three nations a pathway to compete with tier one countries, while reducing its initial number of fixtures by removing the semifinal round of the competition in a bid to address player welfare concerns.
The international federation outlined its vision for the future of the sport during a meeting with international rugby’s major stakeholders in Dublin on Thursday.
Plans include a three-division format and a system of promotion and relegation, which would be backed by a record commercial partnership with sports market company Infront guaranteeing nearly £5 billion for investment in the game over an initial 12-year period.
In reaction SANZAAR bosses – New Zealand, Australia and South Africa – with a fresh sense of support about the radical new competition.
* Continue reading below …
SANZAAR Chairman Brent Impey echoed World Rugby Chairman Bill Beaumont’s comments that today’s meeting of World Rugby stakeholders was very encouraging.
“The concept, while there are some practical issues around player welfare and scheduling, is exciting. It has the potential to secure the financial future of the game and develop a true pathway for emerging countries as well as increased funding for the development of the game around the world.
“We thank World Rugby for their leadership in this work and SANZAAR remains committed to working with World Rugby to further advance this concept over the coming weeks.”
New Zealand Rugby Chief Executive Steve Tew also welcomed developments in World Rugby talks on the future model for international rugby.
“World Rugby has been working very hard on finding a solution that ensures the future growth of the game in New Zealand and around the world, including the Pacific,” Tew said.
“We now have a strong proposal for a World Rugby Nations Championship that we will need to take back to our stakeholders.
“The creation of a new championship, outside of Rugby World Cup years, has been the focus of discussions with World Rugby for several months and the issues are very complex.
“Our challenge has been to find balance between a model that delivers what fans are demanding, with the welfare of all players, growing the commercial strength of our competition and ensuring we are providing a pathway for other nations.
“New Zealand has been a strong advocate for a pathway for Pacific unions and emerging nations.
“The model currently in front of us looks like it could deliver many of the fundamentals we are seeking in a future championship.
“The prospect of new and potentially lucrative opportunities for rugby are exciting and the potential for a single point of purchase for existing and new broadcasters is also interesting.”
https://www.facebook.com/worldrugby/videos/374154683138717/
Rugby Australia Chief Executive Raelene Castle also issued a statement in support.
“The proposal put forward by World Rugby for the Nations Championship has the potential to deliver a great product for fans and significant commercial benefit for Australia and the game globally, including opportunities for emerging nations.
“We commend World Rugby on the work they have done in developing a strong proposal and we remain committed to working towards an outcome that can tick each of those boxes.
“These are exciting but complex discussions which require us to strike a balance between doing what’s best for fans, Australian Rugby as well as the global game, and the players.
“We will now continue the conversation with our member unions and RUPA before reverting back to World Rugby on our position ahead of the next round of discussions.”
South Africa Rugby CEO Jurie Roux said while there is immense potential for the competition to become successful, the format needs to be consulted with by member unions and player representatives before getting South Africa’s seal of approval.
“The model is an interesting one,” he said.
“Creating a meaningful season-long competition out of the current patchwork of events and tournaments has an obvious appeal as well as proving a clear development pathway for emerging nations, which speaks directly to one of the fundamental goals of World Rugby.
“It would also create new and potentially lucrative opportunities for the sport as well as a single point of purchase for existing and new broadcasting players.
“But there are a number of due diligences to be performed and questions to be answered before anything can come to fruition.”
@rugby365com
* Related article:
World Rugby’s price tag for new tournament
Argentina PREVIEW: U20 World Championship, Final It is the last day of World Rugby's Under-20 World Championship being played up the Paraná in Rosario and Santa Fe.
Argentina SANZAAR bemoans 'missed opportunity' REACTION: SANZAAR has expressed disappointment that the proposed World Rugby Nations Championship concept has officially been taken off the table.
Argentina Nations Championship plans canned NEWS: After months of negotiations World Rugby has ditched its attempts to secure agreement for a Nations Championship.
Argentina Nations Championship: Former Samoa star slams World Rugby REACTION: With World Rugby’s proposed Nations Championship facing a decisive vote of approval this Friday, former Samoa international Dan Leo has shown his outrage on Twitter.
Sanzaar Bosses Reveal Their Stance On World League - Argentina | Rugby365
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Support SBU/
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Sophomore Finds Home At Bonas
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ROTC student explains program's impact on his life
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SOPHOMORE VICTORIA WANGLER, '21, FINDS A NEW HOME AT ST. BONAVENTURE
Story by Emma Fox, ‘22
Photo by Liam McGurl, '17, '19
Meet Victoria “Tori” Wangler, 21’. A sophomore at St. Bonaventure from Honeoye Falls, N.Y., Wangler is currently a double major in professional creative writing and English, as well as a Spanish minor. She is also considering a minor in marketing. Being a triplet belonging to a pair of Bona alumni, Wangler has found herself perfectly at home at Bonaventure. Currently, she works for both the university’s English department and the Laurel, which is the country’s oldest student-run and continuously published college literary magazine.
Q. How have your courses been?
A. “They’ve been really good. I’ve enjoyed all my classes so far; Spanish has been the most difficult, being a different language, but writing is something that I just love. Any of the writing classes qualify as my favorites. They are challenging, but in an inviting and intriguing way. Professors are always around to give a balance of constructive criticism and encouragement; I couldn’t ask for more than that.”
Q. Do you do a lot of writing outside of work and academics?
A. "I don’t necessarily have to wait until I’m out of class to express myself. Of course, there are assignments with a strict rubric that must be followed, but there is a great mix of creative writing too, where I might be given a prompt and asked to write a general piece."
Q. Which professors would you say inspire you the most?
A.“There’s so many! Any professors in the English department, but I’ll just pick two for now. Dr. Megan Walsh, who is my boss, is a big role model for me for her research. Then there’s Dr. Matt King, one of the most compassionate professors I have ever met and someone who sets a great example as a person and writer. I won’t go on but— just anyone in the English department! I know they all care for me and want me to do well.”
Q. How did you make your decision to come to Bona's?
A. “Besides the support I was getting so early on from the English department, financial aid helped a lot. I am a triplet, so while I was looking into university so were my other two sisters. St. Bonaventure had everything I wanted and provided me with enough support to attend. Money was a big concern, but I received the Friars Scholarship and a few grants from the university. The only reason my sisters and I were able to go to the schools that we chose was because of the generosity. If it wasn’t for that, I wouldn’t be here.”
Q. Are you involved with any other activities or groups around campus?
A. “Running Club is a big one for me. I did a lot of sports in high school so continuing here is great. I’m also a part of Craft Club and Astronomy Club, and the choir. I love being around people who are passionate about their interests, so I try everything to see what’s around.”
Q. What opportunities has Bonaventure offered you that have stood out?
A. “Last March the Franciscan Center for Social Concern provided a bus to the March for Our Lives gun awareness event down in Washington D.C. That was an incredible experience, tens of thousands of people were there, and so was Bonaventure! We met up at a friary and met different students from other Franciscan schools. It was the first big event like that I have been to, and I’m grateful for the experience and the friends I made! Just being at Bona's has allowed me to transform into a new person, someone that I am very proud of.”
Comments from professors:
Dr. Daniel Ellis originally helped direct Wangler to working for the Laurel. “Not many students have the drive and passion to work as hard as Tori," Dr. Ellis said. "It was, in a way, a breath of fresh air to get her on board with the English department because of her dedication.”
Dr. Jeremy Smyczek, who works with Wangler as the adviser of the student-run Laurel magazine, commented, “Tori has a level of maturity that you usually find in graduate students. She is very self-directing and has done a fantastic job handling everything she is involved with.”
Dr. Megan Walsh oversees Wangler’s work in the English department. “I can definitely say that Tori’s work with us has generated significant interest in the English programs," Dr. Walsh said. "Not only is she focused, but she defines the student experience with the way she is able to enjoy life as it comes.”
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School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences
Todd D. Steury
Todd D. Steury Associate Professor
http://sfws.auburn.edu/profile/todd-steury/
https://sfws.auburn.edu/profile/todd-steury/
http://www.auburn.edu/~tds0009/todd.html
Publication Page
https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=5pOXCYMAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=sra
http://www.auburn.edu/~tds0009/publications.html
CV Page
http://www.auburn.edu/~tds0009/CV.doc
My lab is broadly interested in the population ecology, species interactions, and behavior of wildlife, especially mammalian predators and their prey. We are particularly interested in applying knowledge learned in the above areas to better conserve and restore species.
Associate Professor, School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, Auburn University
Post-Doctoral Fellow, Biology Department, Trent University
Assistant Professor, School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, Auburn University
Biological Science, Wildlife and Wetlands Science, Forestry
PhD, Indiana State University, Life Sciences, 2007
MS, University of Idaho, Wildlife Resources, 2002
BA, University of Colorado, Environmental, Population, and Organismal Biology, 1996
BA, University of Colorado at Boulder, Environmental Conservation, 1996
forestry and woodlands wildlife animal ecology conservation biology biometry biodiversity ecology mammalogy biological polymers endangered species computational biology statistical ecology exotic species environmental conservation natural resources natural resources management natural history terrestrial ecology
Society for Conservation Biology
The Wildlife Society
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Monthly Mission Message
Christianity Under Attack
By Brenda Turnage | June 5, 2019
In the Gospel of John, Jesus said this, to all generations of Christianity, about what we can expect the worlds opinion of us to be. “If the world hate you, ye know that it hated me before it hated you. If ye were of the world, the world would love his own: but because ye…
Mission Message
By Brenda Turnage | May 16, 2019
“I Wish YOU Could Have Been There” There is a Southern Gospel Music song by the Perry’s entitled “I Wish I (YOU) Could Have Been There.” That is a perfect description for our SOC convention this year in Patterson, Louisiana. My personal opinion is Christ was present, He was praised, glorified, and exalted. He was…
Pottsville Graduation and Mission Service
By Brenda Turnage | March 21, 2019
Pottsville Assembly of God believes in the Great Commission. We are committed to taking the Gospel of Jesus Christ to every person, every town, every city, and every nation of the world. One of my favorite Sundays of the year is Missions Emphasis Sunday. This year on January 13, 2019, was extra special, because we…
By Brenda Turnage | January 1, 2019
What of the New Year Another New Year is here. Questions arise each year at this time such as, “what does the future hold for me and the rest of the world?” There is a different answer for the believer in Christ and for the unbeliever. For the unbeliever it is a continuation in sorrows…
November Mission Message
By Brenda Turnage | November 1, 2018
Robert Turnage – SOC President We live in a world of mostly lost souls. Jesus said in Luke 19:10, “For the Son of man is come to seek and to save that which was lost.” It is not the Will of God for men to perish, and because of the Work of the Son…
August Mission Report
By Brenda Turnage | August 13, 2018
“WHEAT AND TARES” In Matthew 13:24-30, “Another parable put he forth unto them, saying, The kingdom of heaven is likened unto a man which sowed good seed in his field: But while men slept, his enemy came and sowed tares among the wheat, and went his way. But when the blade was sprung up,…
By Brenda Turnage | July 1, 2018
SOC President – Robert Turnage At times phrases such as “cutting edge” and “front line” are used to describe a particular thing that is beyond the ordinary. It brings attention to the fact that what is being referenced has excelled or even gone far beyond the expected goal, or even a hoped-for goal, beyond what…
June Mission Message
Robert Turnage – President A friend of mine wrote a song entitled, “WHY SHOULD I FEAR” The lyrics of the song are: “Why should I fear when the Lord is on my side, Why should I fear in His love I’ll safely hide; He is to me my Fortress and my Rock, Tell me…
April Mission Message
By Brenda Turnage | April 23, 2018
Robert Turnage I have had the privileged of being a part of the School of Christ International from the very beginning. Pastor B. H. Clendennen initiated what would, and now has become, one of the greatest missionary works in world history. The phenomenal blessings of God continues to defy description. One evidence of the soon…
March Mission Message – Robert Turnage
By Brenda Turnage | March 1, 2018
Robert Turnage – SOC President People who know God and how to pray, are the hope of this generation. Sometimes we are overwhelmed by events and circumstances, and we take these events as a call to intercessory prayer. God has faithfully given us, in His Word, how His people responded to days such as we…
Robert Turnage
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Rick Finch, Musician / Songwriter
The magic began when Rick Finch met Henry Stone (TONE Disributors/TK Records Owner/President/CEO) through introductions by house producers and writers at TK, who had seen the potential in Finch and thought he would be a good fit for the company. As TK’s budding teenage prodigy, Finch established himself as an engineering genius, recording over 127 45 RPM singles before the age of 17, including recording miscellaneous album tracks for the Allman Brothers.. and Mother’s Finest.
Finch eventually met part-time Tone Distributor stockroom clerk & phone receptionist Harry Wayne Casey. Their first successful songwriting collaboration ("Rock Your Baby") was a hit for TK artist, George McCrae, and from there, KC and the Sunshine Band - co-founded by Finch and Casey (which was originally a studio concept nurtured by Henry Stone) was born.
The Casey/Finch collaboration played a significant role in changing the sound and direction of 20th Century pop music and their influence is felt on many of today's recordings.
To their credit, they have:
* Over 150 million recordings worldwide
* Twelve Grammy nominations
(including three Producer nominations on the first round 2010 Grammy Award Ballot)
* Three Grammy Awards
* One American Music Award
* 15 BMI Songwriter/Arranger Awards
* Gold, Platinum and Multi-Platinum awards
* 17 #1 pop singles - including four #1 singles in one12-month period
* Three crossover #1 hits and two albums achieving triple platinum status
The catchy, legendary music co-created, produced and arranged by Rick Finch has been utilized thousands of times in both sales media and entertainment projects throughout the world.
The signature Rick Finch bass lines are recognized worldwide and have been sampled by artists including 50 Cent, Snoop Dogg, Ultra Nate and Beyoncé to name a few.
©2008 - 2019 Richard Finch - All Rights Reserved
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Convergence and Innovation Inhibitors: 011110
As we start the second decade of the new millennium, innovation is understood as a critical driver to overcome the economic malaise plaguing the global economy. Economic stasis and political factionalism has made it increasingly evident that faltering economic and social institutions cry out for sweeping reform. These reforms can only be achieved with innovative approaches in policy and practice. Innovation is realized by giving flight to uninhibited thought and the clear application of ideas with decisive action. Though most agree that we badly need reform, we remain at painful odds as to what those reforms should be and how to implement them. The destructive legislative debates on health care and the ugly political theater of town meetings that occurred in the United States over the summer accomplished little in regards to meaningful reform. The exercises only served to drive a deepening wedge into the ability of a democratic culture to form a transformative consensus.
Our society is a complex ecosystem comprised of many competing interests. The classic definition of politics, “the means to decide how limited resources are allocated to disparate interests” is clearly a truism that must be applied if we are to realize the reform that we desperately need. In a post scarcity society that definition may seem a bit crude or antiquated. America’s history is marked by a culture of innovation and the incubation of industry. Innovation and its commercial expression in entrepreneurialism is a national asset that tempers the hard edges of stringent allocation or resources and has been the source of our great social wealth. Democracies continually require citizens to arbitrate how competing interests are reconciled and converge. As a self professed democracy the United States must break down the barriers that inhibit innovation by confronting the challenges posed by convergence.
Convergence has been the watch word in the tech industry for the past few years. Convergence aggregates, joins and aligns discreet trends, competencies, technologies and missions to spawn innovation and progress. Masters of business innovation understand that a precondition of convergence is the ability to collaborate. Collaboration requires extended conversations and dialog to understand how competing interests can be reconciled and brought together so that innovation and progress can be achieved. Marketeers invent neologisms like coopetition to brand the idea and lend heft to its thrust. We believe that innovation borne from convergence is the path to rebuild our economy, heal cultural wounds and take a step toward political maturity the United States needs to sustain the great experiment of our democratic republic.
With that in mind we offer a list that outlines the inhibitors to innovation. It is hoped that our nations leaders and people can begin an earnest conversation to address these barriers to growth. Maybe I’m wrong with offering this modest list but I remain willing to discuss it, hopeful that people of good will with a different viewpoint will be open to correct my thinking and contribute to my enlightenment.
1. War: War is inherently wasteful. The current wars in Iraq and Afghanistan are grievous examples of waste and national distraction that hampers the United States economic recovery. At an Ecumenical Memorial Service held at Yankee Stadium following the 9/11 terror attacks a Buddhist Monk stated that he believed “it was wiser to drop refrigerators on Afghanistan then bombs”. Almost a decade later and two wars on I can’t help but to think what a meager $100 billion investment in Afghanistan would have returned to the United States tax payers. More importantly it would have shown the world that above all else America values the sanctity and preservation of life. It would have also minimized the rising toll of casualties of both citizens and soldiers. We developed some great bunker buster bombs but we can’t figure out a way to stop a suicide bomber with exploding underpants. We succeeded in stirring up a hornets nest of angry insurgents and failed to build innovative pathways to peace with steadfast bridges to secure allies and pacify combatants.
2. Politics: To be sure politics is omnipresent but the politicization of faith institutions and government functions is a great separator of people. When politics infects faith institutions their ability to breach the social divide and join people together is seriously compromised or downright destructive. The Catholic Church’s practice of denying the Eucharist to parishioners based on political biases of the communicant places politics at the center of the Lords alter. The recent occurrences of radical Islamists burning down Christian Churches in Malaysia is tragically ironic. The violence, a response to the Christians appropriation of the word Allah as a name for God; is a violent rejection of language convergence of two great faith traditions. It would seem that unity is a threat that God cannot abide and is a growing threat that must be abolished. In the secular world government agencies were instructed to withhold scientific climate change research of the National Science Foundation because it did not conform with the politics of the party in power. The extent of the politicization of the judicial branch of government under the Bush Administration was a seditious move worthy of dictatorships. Innovative application of constitutional law in defense of civil liberties is one of the greatest challenges the war on terror poses to this country. The creation of kangaroo courts to support the politics of the ruling party would undermine our system of justice. It would transform our judiciary into a repressive apparatus of the state, our laws into stale dogmas ill suited to meet the legal challenges of our time and a justice system that is indistinguishable from the justice offered by our opponents.
3. Ideology: Only good ideas need apply. Deng Xiaoping said it best “does it matter if its a communist or capitalist mouse trap. The question is, does it catch mice?” Seeing this as a threat, Mao Zedong unleashed the cultural revolution and routed the capitalist roaders as a threat to the Great Proletarian Revolution. After the death of Mao, Deng would be rehabilitated and play a key role in China’s adoption of a market economy and its current ascendancy as a world economic power. In my mind there is a striking resemblance to the debate about heath care. Socialized medicine is bad. Do you want to turn into France? Canadian health care is too expensive. UK heath care system is overloaded and can’t cope with demand. These problems would be solved however after the death panels had a chance to meet and decide who shall live and who must walk the plank.
4. Entrenched Commercial Interests: Though we are ardent believers in capitalism as an engine of innovation the dictatorship of ROI, entrenched concentrations of capital and an unwillingness or inability to adopt longer term investment horizons hamper innovation. The failure of the United States automobile industry to develop fuel efficient vehicles is a good example of market intransigence. The development of junk bonds by Michael Milken and Drexel Burnham Lambert dismantled the manufacturing base of the US economy accelerated the countries decline as a net exporter of products creating the foundation of a debtor nation. During the presidency of Jimmy Carter solar panels were installed on the roof of the White House. The succeeding administration had them removed. Imagine where the alternative energy industry would be today had it developed this leading edge idea and capitalized on this first mover advantage.
5. Unbridled free markets: The economic carnage of the banking meltdown is a startling example of the excesses the pursuit of profit will create. The boom in commercial and residential real estate construction created massive stocks of unused inventories that misdirected and wasted enormous resource. The energy and capital expended on these wasteful endeavors misdirected funds and created huge social hazards that requires massive amounts of capital to mitigate. Also worth mention is the development of video gaming. Lots of energy and creativity is being expended on the best techno music to use while your Mafia Avatar bashes open the head of your opponent with a baseball bat. We are not suggesting censorship or a prohibition of video games nor centralized economic planning. Its a compensation and social value issue. Perhaps a communicants denial of participation at the Lord’s Table lead them to leave the church and miss the message about social values.
6. Technology: It may seem odd to include technology as an inhibitor to innovation but technology for technology sake may inhibit the development of innovative applications solutions that are not technological in nature. The technorati of the world is transforming technology into a religion. Deprived of its human dimension it can become a dogma that grows in an antagonistic relationship with its human masters. The United States continues to trumpet its technological prowess as the deciding factors in its war in Afghanistan. But that paradigm was explored during the war in Viet Nam where pungi sticks ultimately trumped napalm bombs. The power of an idea and how it connects and motivates people is force that is mightier then the sword.
7. Fundamentalism: The Pharisees once asked Jesus, “is it lawful to heal on the sabbath?” Jesus answered that it was always the right time to heal those who are sick. The world recoils in horror at the capacity for destruction fundamentalism regularly visits upon the world. The denial of equal civil rights to LGBT people creates a bifurcated system of citizenship. It is an ugly stain on our democratic heritage. The gravest peril to democracy is the abridgment and denial of civil rights to any group of citizens. Democracy necessitates that all republicans enjoy equal access and rights in order for it to function. The denial of that right based on a fundamentalist reading of religious scriptures makes it particularly abhorrent because civil rights of citizens in a secular democracy is not an issue that is decided by theologians or the adherents to a particular theology.
Tolerance and consensus are both antithetical to the precepts of fundamentalism. Fundamentalism is not the sole province of religion. It has its secular and ideological adherents as well. Fundamentalism is a pillar of dictatorship; either of a political or theocratic nature both are enemies of secular democracy. Secular democracies require tolerance to respect the diverse ideas and competing viewpoints require in the democratic process. Secular democracies require the trust to converse and hash out the best ideas that serve the greatest good. This is only possible if consensus can be achieved. It is how “out of many becomes one”. It is the true genius of America. It is a worthy innovation of governance that every freedom loving citizen should jealously guard and consciously pursue.
8. Public Education: The public education system that the United States built is the true arsenal of democracy and the nations source of wealth and its many contributions it has made to the world. Without the vast network of learning institutions built and supported by successive generations of Americans the worlds great experiment in representative democracy would have long ago perished. The public schools sole charter is to create an enlightened citizenship with the skills to discuss, discern and decide in a civil and constructive manner the ever evolving dialectic of a democratic consensus placed at the service of the republic. It is one of the true geniuses of America and remains her enduring strength.
Today public schools are under attack by forces whose agendas are the pursuit of parochial goals that first and foremost seek their enrichment and interests at the expense of the greatest good of the republic. The charter school movement is a trend that threatens the public school system by privatizing some of the systems assets and draining away much needed resource and financial support. It forces public schools to dispense with curriculum offerings like music and arts, sports programs and civic excursions that will convey an understanding of how institutions interact and support the greater social good. This aspect of the educational experience is supplanted by an exacting examination regime that destroys the love of learning. Secular learning is also being threatened through the introduction of theological precepts like creationism into the science curriculum of public schools. Religion and faith are important precepts to offer in a public educational curriculum; however theology that masquerades as science is an ideological stricture that has no place in public schools. These trends are pose great challenges to the public schools mission to form enlightened citizens free to think and free to act in the sole service of liberty and participatory democracy. Innovation and progress is in danger of becoming a secular sin a disease of the soul that needs to be eradicated from the public schools as its threatens to infect the greater body politic.
You Tube Music Video: Louis Armstrong, I Get Ideas
Risk: innovation, convergence, progress, tolerance
January 11, 2010 Posted by riskrapper | 9/11, business, Carter, China, Christianity, culture, democracy, economics, faith, history, institutional, manufacturing, Muslim, politics, real estate, recession, regulatory, sustainability, terrorism, war | 9/11, Afghanistan, Catholic Church, charter schools, China, Civil Rights, climate change, collaboration, convergence, coopetition, creationism, democracy, Deng Xiaoping, Drexel Burnham Lambert, entrepreneurialism, fundamentalism, health care reform, I Get Ideas, Iraq, Jesus Christ, Jimmy Carter, junk bonds, LGBT, Louis Armstrong, Malaysia, Mao Zedong, Mark 3; 1-6, marketing, Michael Milken, Nationasl Science Foundation, public schools, radical Islamists, secular democracy, secularism, solar panels, technology, tolerance, Viet Nam, war, White House, Yankee Stadium | Leave a comment
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Soil formation rates determined from Uranium-series isotope disequilibria in soil profiles from the southeastern Australian highlands
P O. Suresh, Macquarie UniversityFollow
A Dosseto, University of WollongongFollow
P P. Hesse, Macquarie University
H K. Handley, Macquarie University
Suresh, P. O., Dosseto, A., Hesse, P. P. & Handley, H. K. (2013). Soil formation rates determined from Uranium-series isotope disequilibria in soil profiles from the southeastern Australian highlands. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 379 26-37.
The sustainability of soil resources is determined by the balance between the rates of production and removal of soils. Samples from four weathering profiles at Frogs Hollow in the upper catchment area of the Murrumbidgee River (southeastern Australia) were analyzed for their uranium-series (U-series) isotopic composition to estimate soil production rates. Sequential leaching was conducted on sample aliquots to assess how U-series nuclides are distributed between primary and secondary minerals. Soil is increasingly weathered from bottom to top which is evident from the decrease in (234U/238U) ratios and increase in relative quartz content with decreasing soil depth. One soil profile shows little variation in mineralogy and U-series geochemistry with depth, explained by the occurrence of already extensively weathered saprolite, so that further weathering has minimal effect on mineralogy and geochemistry. Al2O3 is mobilized from these soils, and hence a silicon-based weathering index treating Al2O3 as mobile is introduced, which increases with decreasing soil depth, in all profiles. Leached and unleached aliquots show similar mineralogy with slight variation in relative concentrations, whereas the elemental and isotopic composition of uranium and thorium show notable differences between leached and unleached samples. Unleached samples show systematic variations in uranium-series isotopic compositions with depth compared to leached samples. This is most likely explained by the mobilization of U and Th from the samples during leaching. Soil residence times are calculated by modeling U-series activity ratios for each profile separately. Inferred timescales vary up to 30 kyr for unleached aliquots from profile F1 to up to 12 kyr for both leached and unleached aliquots from profile F2. Muscovite content shows a linear relationship with U-series derived soil residence times. This relationship provides an alternative method to estimate residence timescales for profiles with significant U-series data scatter. Using this alternative approach, inferred soil residence times up to 33 kyr for leached samples of profile F1 and up to 34 kyr for leached samples of profile F3 were determined. A linear relationship between soil residence times and WIS (Si-based Weathering Index) exists and is used to estimate soil residence times for profile F3 (up to 28 kyr) and F4 (up to 37 kyr). The linear relationship between soil depth and calculated residence time allows determination of soil production rates, which range from 10 to 24 mm/kyr and are comparable to the rates determined previously using cosmogenic isotopes at the same site (Heimsath et al., 2001b). This implies that at this site, on the highland plateau of southeastern Australia, soil thickness has reached steady-state, possibly as a result of stable tectonic conditions but despite variable climatic conditions over the timescale of soil development. Soil-mantled landscapes are the geomorphic expression of this balance between soil production and denudation, and our results show that in tectonically quiescent regions, this landscape can be achieved in less than 30 kyr.
ARC/FT0990447
Additional Grant Number
http://purl.org/au-research/grants/ARC/FT0990447
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.08.004
Grant Link
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Why the SEO game has changed
By RobertAugust 14, 2015Advertising, AdWords, Marketing, Oakhurst, Ocean Twp., SEO, Small Business Marketing, Web Design, Website, West Long Branch
There is a tremendous amount of noise around search engine optimization and how it has become “impossible” to utilize this channel as a viable means for scaling your business. It’s not impossible. But the SEO game has changed over time with the tidal wave of algorithm updates. Those quick SEO tricks of yesteryear will no longer provide a large amount of visits to
your site.
The rules of the SEO game have changed and will continue to evolve.
It’s no secret that it was easy to game the algorithm a few years back and attain rankings that were likely not the most relevant answer to a person’s search query. You could garner a ton of visits with a handful of blog comment links and some keyword stuffing — but in reality these visits likely did not deliver the desired outcomes you were tasked to provide to your organization.
The SEO’s response to Google and its users
By gaming the system in this way, SEOs produced a lose-lose situation for Google and its users. The person searching lost, because they had to pogo stick through SERPs to find the real answer they were searching for. Google lost because their users were not provided with a desirable customer experience. (This is just as bad for Google’s business as it is for yours.)
If you are as large and influential as Google has become in the search market, you obviously have significant influence over how this game is played. So it was naïve of any of us to think that Google was not going to adapt to losing and change the rules. Google has made hundreds of changes, including dozens of major algorithm updates, over the past few years.
For a comprehensive understanding of publicized Google Algorithm updates, bookmark Moz’s Algorithm Change History. Each of these rule changes are Google’s attempt to change the game for the betterment of their fans. However, just because Google has changed the rules, don’t fall for the misconception that SEO is no longer viable.
MarketingSEOWebsiteWest Long Branch
A Unique Heirloom Honor: Robert Hazelrigg and Ocean Township’s Seal
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All posts tagged FB
Separated for 17 Years Brought Together By the Power of the Traditional Sutra Amulet: A Personal Testimony of A Person Who Has No Idea of What Buddhism or Feng Shui Is All About and a Little of My Personal Musings.
For the past few days I was quite down physically, emotionally, and psychologically. The past few weeks has been quite challenging because three different groups have been consulting me about the same matter, and initially I wasn’t sure that they were all related then in the process I realized these groups were consulting about the same matter. They’re all in three different sides, well technically speaking, but the other two are on the same side, one on a personal level and the other one on a macro perspective. This has taken a toll on me both physically because meeting them is a tedious thing, psychologically because a lot of what was happening between them involves a lot of psychological warfare and deception, and emotionally because somehow one can’t get involve and become friends to some of them and of course one worries also especially if the reading or analysis of the chart shows something that is not nice.
Then a reader sent me a message who recently bumped into an employee of a professional Feng Shui consultant. And because my reader used to be a valued customer of the said Feng Shui consultant, the employee told her that his boss is really angry with me and blames me for the closing or downsizing of the Feng Shui stores in the Philippines. The employee further told my reader that it seems like it has become a personal mission of this Feng Shui consultant to malign me and bad mouth me in any possible way. And why is he sharing this with her, because he is looking for a job and wanted to work for my reader, so I think I will give the whole story some leeway for an exaggeration but still these things does get into you.
On top of that, another valued reader and friend for some reason stumbled into an issue and somewhat felt a little aloof. Of course, people surrounding him who doesn’t know him will be quick to judge, I’m just thankful that at the end all the positive things that happened prevailed for him to know and accept the truth. On top of that there was some sort of a miscommunication with a reader from Australia.
You see all these things sort of got to me and for a while I was thinking whether I should still continue writing or not. I have already written more than 800 articles, and even before I sort of feel that I might have written enough. So I thought I’d stop already or maybe stop on my 1,000th article.
Then I get another miracle and it all becomes clear again why I continue to write, despite of the anger of some people who are against these things, despite the attacks of some bashers, despite of some of my own shortcomings, I continue to write because of the miracles of the people who continue to believe and who continue to hope for miracles.
This particular miracle got to me because the persons involved waited for 17 years for it to happen.
Ben is an Uber driver. I met him October last year (that’s according to Ben) when my own driver was absent and I had to take Uber and we got into talking in the car because of a heavy traffic. I was with a friend at that time when Ben casually told us his story.
Ben is a single father of two. He lives on his own because his ex-wife is with their only daughter in Canada. His daughter, who happens to be his eldest, is now 25 years of age. My friend and I asked him why he didn’t live with them; he said he chose to stay because of his ‘true love’. His first wife has since remarried.
Ben said that he was not in – love with his ex-wife, he said they both got drunk and in the process he got his ex – wife pregnant and they bore a daughter. He said while his ex – wife is really not a bad person, they can’t seem to get along well especially ex – wife is a bit of a nagger. When their eldest was only a year old ex – wife left for Canada and made a promise to get them as well. Ben is the first to admit that ex – wife is a smart woman, and a hardworking one so when their daughter was about 7 years old they got their papers from Canadian embassy granting them permit to live in Canada with ex –wife who at that time was still his legal wife.
However, in the past few years Ben met another whom he had an affair with. Ben said he was contemplating separating with his wife then so that he can be with Lot the woman he is having an affair with. But Ben admits while he loves Lot he was racked with guilt for his wife. Nevertheless, she got Lot pregnant and knows that she has to do something about it.
Ben made a decision he will leave his wife so that he can be with Lot. But Lot wants Ben to talk with her father first, who has never liked Ben. So Ben and Lot’s father met. During that meeting Ben told his Lot’s father that he has decided to talk to his wife so that can properly separate and that he wish to marry Lot and take responsibility for the child. Should Lot and his father decides that they should not be married, he will still take responsibility of the child and give part of his salary from his job with Max’s Restaurant to provide for his child with Lot. The father was very amiable during that meeting, to which Lot was absent, and requested for Ben to give them a week to decide. And during that week, he told Ben not to see Lot because he doesn’t want her daughter to be confused and wants her to decide properly whether she wants to be with Ben or not. He told Ben that he would personally get in touch with him at his work. Ben said at that time they still don’t own mobile phones.
A week passed and he didn’t hear from Lot and her father. Halfway thru the second week he went to Lot’s house and he was met by Lot’s father who told him that Lot doesn’t want anything to do with him. He pursued Lot several times but Lot never once went out to meet him. Until the barangay told him that should he visit the place again he will be charged. Soon he found out that Lot’s family moved to a different house. He doesn’t know where.
But to be fair with his wife, he told her the truth and told her that he will not be joining them in Canada. So when his daughter left he explained to her why he was staying and told him she might have a sibling soon. That was 17 years ago last year and he has never heard of Lot again. He said he has been searching for on Facebook to no avail. He doesn’t even know whether their child survived or not and if it did he doesn’t know whether it is a boy or a girl.
Ben said he has never been with anybody else since then.
I just recently wrote about the Traditional Sutra Amulet (TSA) when I encountered Ben and was told about this story. My girl – friend who was with me at that time got really affected and told me we should do something for Ben. I decided to give Ben a TSA, and my friend who is a believer and just had a miracle from her Vajrapani Ruel pitched for half of the cost of donation for the TSA.
These are just one copy each of the very limited copies sent to me by my Guru Lama of the THE SUTRA OF THE PAST VOWS OF THE KSITIGARBHA BODHISATTVA, THE DIAMOND OF PERFECT WISDOM SUTRA and THE MEDICINE BUDDHA SUTRA. Sutras are also used as very powerful amulets, that is why you will often old Buddhist Chinese houses has a copy of the Sutra on their altar though they might not be reciting the sutra itself.
One of 5 copies of the Avatamsaka Sutra (Kuan Yin Bodhisattva Chapter) that’s available here in the Philippines.
We got Ben’s number and he got ours. But of course we didn’t hear from each other again.
And so the past week I was feeling down and I got a call from Ben. To be honest, it’s been almost a year and I don’t remember him anymore. But Ben would help lift me out of that feeling of being down and he reminded me why I write about these things.
You see after 17 years Ben met Lot again and after 17 years he met his son! They now live together and will be married soon. So what happened?
After meeting Ben, Lot’s father went home fuming mad and told Lot to forget about Ben because Ben told him that while he will support their child financially, he will not acknowledge the child because he is married and is scheduled to leave for Canada! Lot was really heartbroken with this piece of news and so when her father suggested that she goes live with her uncle (his father’s brother) and auntie in Novaliches (a place quite far from where they live which is in Rizal) she agreed. That’s where she gave birth and soon his parents also moved to Novaliches and they lived next door to the Uncle and Auntie who took care of her while she was pregnant.
She didn’t know that Ben went looking for him but he was constantly sent away but his parents and that finally they threatened to charge him for continuously badgering them. When Lot’s son was 13 years old Lot’s father has a heart attack and before he died he told Lot that should he see Ben again she should talk to him. Lot said why should he when he has abandoned them, but Lot’s father just said that maybe Ben has repented, although Lot thought this was curious she just decided that this was all just musings of a dying old man.
When Lot’s son was 15 years old, he told his mom that he wants to meet his dad, but Lot told him to just leave Ben alone and that he has nothing to do with their life. She even refused to give him Ben’s name.
Last week of October 2016 Lot’s son had an idea to make a Facebook account for his mother, and he thought he’d put in the relationship status ‘Complicated’ in the hope that when Ben sees his mom’s account he will contact them. Little did he know that Ben would from time to time search for Lot on FB and he did see the account made by their son for Lot.
When their son saw Ben trying to add and chat Lot, he had a gut feel that this could be his father and saw he told his mom about the FB account he made for her and about the man name Ben who was trying to get in touch with her. Lot got so angry, angry like she has never been before. And so their son knew then Ben was his father. But Lot also asked for the details of the FB and he soon chatted with Ben.
She decided to meet Ben first and when Ben called her ‘Balot’ again, a pet name Ben created for Lot, she knew that she was still in love with Ben. And the rest is history. Ben said he is now trying to establish a good relationship with his son. He said it was not easy but they’re both trying. Ben and Lot will get married soon. Ben said he forgot about the TSA and never attributed everything to it. But when cleaning the house, Lot saw and asked him about the TSA, and he told him the story. They realized that their son put up the FB account a week after Ben got the TSA. And so that sealed their belief that it was really because of the TSA that they got back together. Ben wants me to be their godfather on their wedding. I felt I was too young to be their godfather but I still said yes. It’s a miracle that they got back 17 years after and my girl – friend who is going to be a godmother will want to witness the wedding that is 17 years in the making.
With this story there is another miracle, and that is the miracle of Ben sharing with me their story at this time. It helped me to stay on track to continue writing what I write. Will I stop on the one thousandth post? I don’t know but in the meantime Ben and Lot’s story is one of the reasons why I write and share these things.
If you wish to know more about the Sutra Amulet (A Special Recite – A – Sutra Article) Series you can click on the links below:
The Many Benefits of A Sutra: How A Sutra Can Be Use As An Amulet (A Special Recite – A – Sutra Article)
“The Diamond of Perfect Wisdom Sutra” Is One of the Holiest and Most Powerful You Can Keep: A Special Recite – A – Sutra Article
Getting Rid of Bad Luck and Bad Spirits With the Use of A Traditional Sutra Amulet: A Personal Testimony of A Reader (A Special Recite – A – Sutra Article)
Recite – A – Sutra (9): A Sutra Called Avatamsaka Sutra and Powerful Amulet Called Avatamsaka Amulet that Dispels Off the Hindrances in Our Life’s Luck!
Marital Problem Fixed, Financial Problem Solved with the Unexpected Coming In of a Huge Amount of Money / Problem with Bank Loan Reversed: Two Personal Testimonies of Two Readers with Two Different Sources of Miracles! – And Why Do I Write About Miraculous Personal Testimonies?
Financial Luck Received After Receiving the Vajrapani Ruel and Descendant Luck Activated by the Traditional Sutra Amulet: Two Different Personal Testimonies of A Reader and How She Still Saw the Simple Miracle As A Miracle.
A Business Deal That Brings In A Huge Financial Miracle and Improves Physical Health: A Personal Miraculous Testimony of A Reader About the Traditional Sutra Amulet.
The Miracle of Receiving Money from An Aunt: A Financial Miracle of A reader Who Got the Avatamsaka Traditional Sutra Amulet!
Becoming a Full Fledged Lawyer and Academic Excellence Attributed to the Traditional Avatamsaka Sutra Amulet and the Vajrapani Ruel: Simple Miracles Shared by EV.
Unexpected Money for Treatment of Cancer and Other Miracles: A Personal Testimony of a Non – Reader and Non – Believer About the Traditional Sutra Amulet, Illness Suppression Amulet, Vajrapani Ruel!
The Miracle Experienced By My Account Officer: How the Traditional Sutra Amulet Gave Her Family The Financial Boost They Need!
Tagged: Amulet, Australia, Bad Mouth, Barangay, belief, Brought Together, Buddhism, Buddhismn, Canada, Canadian Embassy, Closing, Commercialized Professional Feng Shui Consultant, Consultant, Deception, Downsizing, Embassy, Emotionally, Employee, Ex - Wife, Facebook, Father, FB, Feng Shui, Feng Shui Consultant, Feng Shui Stores, Friend, Godfather, Good, Good Relationship, History, Legal Wife, Love, Max's Restaurant, Miracle, Miscommunication, News, Novaliches, Person, Personal Mission, Personal Testimony, Philippines, Physically, Power, Power of Traditional Sutra Amulet, Pregnant, Professional, Professional Feng Shui Consultant, Psychological Warfare, Psychologically, Reader, Relationship, Rizal, Ruel, Salary, Separated, Single Father, Son, Stores, Sutra, Sutra Amulet, T, Traditional, Traditional Sutra, Traditional Sutra Amulet, TSA, Uber, Uber Driver, Vajrapani, Vajrapani Ruel, Valued Reader, Wife
We are now on our way to the 3rd Lunar Month of the Year of the Monkey, and you may have noticed that while we should be thankful that there has been no financial meltdown yet, a lot of the things mentioned in the annual forecast have been happening already.
I think, foremost in this forecast is the thing about the stronger Five Yellow Star (Wu Wang or #5 Flying Star) and the effects of the Illness Star (#2 Flying Star), which is also the main cause of accidents.
I have people coming to me or contacting me saying that they had several accidents, or somebody they know had an accident or is sick. So much so that it has become bothersome.
By this time, if you’re from the Philippines or Asia you must have seen on your social media the case of the young courageous girl who fought and lost her battle against cancer. But more than that, internationally, all you have to do is browse through your Facebook (FB) and you will see people posting of their accidents or even when they are in the hospital. Somebody consulted me recently because her nephew was hospitalized because of a stroke. The nephew is only 19 and was born in the year of the Ox and he’s a very athletic and healthy young man, so the stroke came as a surprise to everybody. Another reader had two different accidents in a span of week. Also, reader have been experiencing some leg pain and then she slipped as she was going up the stairs! On top of that, another reader turn friend’s grandson passed away because of what can be considered as a freak accident. Again this boy was on his teens and lives an adventurous life.
I’m sure if you will just pause for a while and take note of your surroundings you will notice a lot of people getting sick or who had some accidents.
As I said at the start of the year, it is quite important that we should all go out of our way to protect ourselves. This year, everybody needs to protect themselves from the ruling black star, which is the #2 Flying Star also known as the Illness Star, but as mentioned, the Illness Star brings about not only illness but also accidents. Again everybody is affected but especially affected are the senior citizens and children ages 18 and below. Some will say 15 and below. So to protect yourself from this, one can wear the Medicine Buddha Pendant make sure you get one that is of good quality. Also what I have now proven as to be quite effective is the Illness Suppression Amulet, which I like to call as the Illness and Accident Suppression Amulet, especially made by my Guru Lama. This is a highly consecrated amulet and thus it is quite powerful and effective. When using this, one taps not only the power of the Medicine Buddha but also taps into the power of White Umbrella Goddess, Long Life Amitayus Buddha and Namgyalma Buddha, it also has a Dharma Pill and as stated it is highly consecrated. Remember consecrated amulets are better than amulets that were simply blessed. You can know more about this amulet by reading my post called – ILLNESS SUPPRESSION AMULET.
Another important cure for the year is the Five Element Pagoda made of brass (for display) or gold (for pendant and to be worn). The 5 – Element Pagoda is the only known cure for the Five Yellow Star or Wu Wang or #5 Flying Star. This is a star that creates havoc to one’s life. For this year all people born under the year of the Ox, Tiger, and those who are staying in the NorthEast, or whose house or office is facing the Northeast are greatly affected. And because these people already affected by the Wu Wang or 5 – Yellow Star, all the more they are affected by the #2 Flying Star or Illness Star.
All these information may seem scary, and maybe it is, but remember the cures are on – hand thus we can all get protected.
Tagged: #2 flying star, #5 Flying Star, 2, 3rd Lunar Month, 5, 5-Element Pagoda, Accidents, Adventurous, Amitayus, Amitayus Buddha, Annual Forecast, Asia, Athletic, Athletic and Healthy Young Man, Battle Against Cancer, Blessed, Blessing, Brass, Buddha, Cancer, Consecrated, Consecrated Amulets, Consecration, Courageous Girl, Cures, Dharma Pill, Element Pagoda, Facebook, FB, Financial Meltdown, Five Element Pagoda, Five Yellow Star, Flying Star, Freak Accident, Gold, Grandson, Guru Lama, Healthy, Illness, Illness and Accident Suppression Amulet, Illness Star, Illness Suppresion Amulet, Internationally, Leg Pain, Life, Lives An Adventurous Life, long life, Long Life Amitayus Buddha, Medicine Buddha, Monkey, Namgyalma, Namgyalma Buddha, Nephew, NorthEast, Ox, Philippines, Protected, Senior Citizens, Star, Stroke, Teens, Tiger, White Umbrella Goddess, wu wang, Year of the Monkey, Young Man
Tanzanite (2):A Must Have Rare Precious Stone that Heals, Protects, and Increase Wealth Luck!
Published Enero 22, 2016 by jptan2012
In the preceding post, I introduced you to the rare and very powerful stone called Tanzanite. In that post I talked about its physical properties and why is it considered as a perfect stone to have for this 2016 Year of the Fire Monkey. However, the Tanzanite is not just a stone for this year, it is a great stone to have and wear even beyond 2016 because it is a powerful stone that has strong protective and healing energies, and it also helps increase wealth luck. Furthermore, it is a stone that can be worn even by people with high water element in their charts, because it is balanced by the intrinsic fire and earth element of the stone.
As mentioned in the first part of this post, Tanzanites are good healing stones. It helps boosts our immune system and improve strength. It is especially good for people who always feel physically weak and drained. Furthermore, it is a very powerful stone for those who experience depression and anxiety, or even chronic stress syndrome and other psychological or mental illness. It’s subtle fire energy helps people fight off addiction, especially the milder ones like alcoholism, food addiction or even shopping addiction.
MOOD ENHANCER
On top of that a lot of people I know who got the stone consistently said that their mood has definitely improve. And true enough simply looking at a Tanzanite will imbibe you with a positive energy of elation. You will feel happier and much more energized. They said it is as if simply having the stone their worries has been lifted off their shoulder. And true enough the fluid energy of the water element and the subtle vibrant energy of the fire element in the Tanzanite has this positive effect on people.
RELATIONSHIP AND COMMUNICATION ENHANCER
One thing I really love about the Tanzanite is that it is a wonderful that aids us in having a better relationship, whether it is a personal or professional relationship. Its blue energies directly control our throat chakra thus making us more expressive and a better communicator. However, it’s intrinsic earth energies makes us grounded thus more in control of what we want to say. But it’s fire energy helps us to be more assertive and yet in a gentle manner.
The Tanzanite is also a very good aura protector. It protects you from negative energies, especially the ones like created by the people around you. But more than that, it helps protects you from negative energies caused by unseen elementals.
WEALTH ENHANCER
But what is really surprising with this stone is that the combination of the three elements found in this stone creates a wonderful wealth enhancing energies. At first look some of its intrinsic elements may be contradicting each other, but the right balance that forms in every Tanzanite makes it a unique blue stone that creates a wonderful wealth enhancing energy. This is especially true for people who are in marketing, legal, advertising, PR, and sales.
I personally have several different favorite stones but the Tanzanite is now overtaking all those stones. The fact that this is a rare stone that is bound not to last very long makes it even more special.
The problem is really looking for an authentic and not very expensive Tanzanite. If you are looking for a Tanzanite better contact a trusted gemologist or jeweler. But don’t be surprised if some jewelers are still not familiar with the Tanzanite, because this is a fairly young stone. Tiffany & Co. has one of the best collections of Tanzanites that are commercially available. You can visit their site if you really want the top of the line Tanzanite that may cost around US$ 3,000.00 for a small piece. However, you need not get the top of the line for you to experience its wonderful energies. Here in the Philippines, I don’t personally know of any stores that sell authentic Tanzanite. But recently I came across a FB page called Crystals and Gold, I don’t really know the owner but the ones I referred to them are very happy with the quality of semi – precious stones they get from her. The best part is that their price is not expensive. But a Tanzanite is a Tanzanite so even an affordable Tanzanite may still cost a little high. If you want to check out the said FB page you can click here.
Tagged: 2016, 2016 Year of the Fire Monkey, Addiction, Advertising, Chakra, Crystals, Crystals and Gold, Earth, Elementals, FB, FB Page, Fire, Fire Monkey, Healing, Heals, Legal, Marketing, Mood Enhancer, negative energies, Philippines, Powerful Stone, PR, Precious Stone, Protector, Rare, Relationshiop and Communication Enhancer, Sales, tanzanite, Tiffany & Co., Water, Wealth, Wealth Enhancer, Year of the Fire Monkey
Vajrapani Ruel Stories (12): Finding Long Lost Biological Father with A Bonus of Finding True Love!
Published Hulyo 13, 2015 by jptan2012
Today, I would like to share with you another wonderful Vajrapani Ruel story.
RD is a 36 – years – old single man born out of wedlock. His mother fell in – love with his father who is a German. Unfortunately, due to circumstances not very clear with RD, because his mom never shared the whole story with him, his father left them even before her mother found out that she is pregnant with RD.
When RD was about 8 years old, his mom married again, this time to a fellow Filipino. He can’t say that his stepfather was bad to him, but neither did he treat RD as his won. According to RD, his stepfather provided for him, but he seems a little distant. His relationship with his half – siblings are great but RD felt that his stepfather simply took him as part of the packaged that he couldn’t get away with. Because of this, RD’s father’s image is his maternal grandfather. But when his grandfather passed away when RD was 21, he started to yearn to search for his biological father.
That became the beginning of an on and off search. But without pictures, with a very common name, and no last known address except the city, the searched proved to be quite difficult. According to RD the German Embassy here in the Philippines has been helpful, but they would always reached a dead –end. At one point, given that they have gotten in touch with a lot of Germans, who is about his father’s age, he thought he must have found his biological father already with one of the men, but that his biological father simply denied because he doesn’t want RD.
Photo uploaded from Google Images.
In the process, RD is unable to have long-term relationships. He would have a girlfriend, and his longest was 5 years, but he simply feels that he hasn’t found the right girl. As a result they will leave RD, to which RD would feel it is a relief because he simply feel that he can’t love anybody enough to trust them. But this kind of attitude also bore him 2 children out of wedlock, a boy and a girl.
It was RD’s younger sister who happens to be regular reader and a friend of my secretary who got the Vajrapani Ruel for him the very first time I wrote about the Vajrapani Ruel.
According to RD he didn’t really know what to do with the Vajrapani Ruel when it was first given to him by his sister, but kept it anyway more to make his sister happy than really finding it useful.
However, that same week, RD through a friend was introduced to a woman, who was here on a vacation. According to RD they clicked right away, and he felt he found the one. In RD’s words this is the first time he felt that way, but something was holding him back, because he knew that NL, the girl who was introduced to RD by a friend, is only here for a vacation. RD felt he is not the type of person who can stand long distance relationships. He can’t keep relationships when the girl is here how much more long distance relationships. So like his other relationships, RD held back from her and didn’t really open us.
NL works in Germany as a live – in private nurse. RD confessed that maybe it was because she was a nurse in Germany that he decided to keep in touch with her. So they would chat on FB and sometimes do video chat on Skype. Two months after NL went back to Germany they formally became boyfriend – girlfriend. This is also when RD decided to open up about his life and that he was looking for his German biological father.
When NL first heard about RD’s search she felt pity for RD because the name of his father’s is a common German name. RD’s father is also from Berlin, and as much as she wants to help it is difficult for her because she works in Frankfurt.
NL herself has a good life in Germany, although working as live – in nurse, the family that she worked has been really nice to her. And the wife of her patient would sometimes talk to her about her personal life. It was approximately 2 weeks after NL found out about RD’s story that she got to share this with her patient’s wife. NL boss became very interested with the story and inquired about RD’s name and that of RD’s mother’s name.
The Vajrapani Ruel looks simple, maybe even rustic, but this simple amulet is packed with a special talisman paper inside, with various ingredients, which includes Namtso Salt, soil, various herbs and plants, crystal, and a relic from a high lama. It’s important to put the ruel inside a amulet holder or something sturdy as to not ruin it. If the cloth had tear which exposes or spill the ingredients inside, the ruel becomes useless.
To make the long story short, as it turn out, and as fate would have it, NL’s patient’s wife’s brother is the father of RD. In fact, NL had met the guy a couple of times, although she only knew him with his first name and not his family name. NL also doesn’t know her patient’s wife’s maiden name (her boss).
Apparently, another German friend found out that RD’s mom got pregnant and informed RD’s biological father. However, when he tried to look for her to bear responsibility for the child, he can’t find her because she left province in the Visayas, and came to Manila to start a new life. She also purposely broke communication with him and left no forwarding addresses because she found out that she has a family in Germany.
RD and his father have now gotten in touch with each other, and his father has come here in the Philippines to see him. If everything goes well, he is also arranging for RD to visit him in Germany and perhaps start a new life there. Meanwhile RD and NL are ‘madly in love’ with each other, and I’m using RD’s words.
According to RD, he believes that all these became possible of the Vajrapani Ruel. Personally, I know that the Vajrapani Ruel helped, but who am I to say that fate has nothing to do with it.
MUST READ: Understanding the Vajrapani Ruel Stories: Clarifying the Difference in the Miracles and Why The Anonymity of Those Who Experienced It.
For questions, comments and suggestions please email sanaakosirickylee@gmail.com
Tagged: 12, Berlin, Biological Father, FB, Frankfurt, German Embassy, Germans, Germany, Live - In Nurse, Long - Term Relationship, Long Distance Relationship, NL, Out of Wedlock, Patient, Philippines, RD, Skype, Stepfather, True Love, Trust, Vajrapani Ruel, Vajrapani Ruel Stories, Visayas, Wedlock
Accept What Is, Let Go of What Was, But Don’t Leave What Will Be With Faith!
I saw a Facebook post that says, “ACCEPT WHAT IS, LET GO OF WHAT WAS, AND HAVE FAITH IN WHAT WILL BE!”
I totally agree with the first part of the statement, we should all accept what is, learn from it but accept it because that is something that we can no longer change. I also totally agree about letting go, in fact, in Buddhism that is something that they always teach, let go of any attachments. But I don’t think I agree that we should simply have faith in what will be because we can totally take control of what will be. We can do our best in everything to ensure that we will have a better future. It doesn’t matter whether your Buddhist, Christian, Islam and it doesn’t matter whether you believe in Feng Shui or not, the point is whatever you believe use this as an opportunity to have a better future. By better future I don’t mean financially better, although that is certainly not bad also, but it means simply do better in all aspect of your life.
Tagged: Buddhism, Catholic, Christian, Facebook, FB, Feng Shui, Financially Better, Future, Islam
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Library & Facilities
Pokhara University follows the semester system. The university adopts the practice of continuous evaluation of a students performance and allows the student, subject to the regulation of credit requirements, to progress at a pace suited to his /her individual ability and convience. The instructor is responsible for internal evaluation of the student and the office of the Controller of Examinations conducts the semester -end examination. Each course has a certain credit hours assigned to it depending on the number of lectures, tutorials and practical work hours in a week. Normally one credit is equivalent to one hour lecture per week per semester. The minimum number of class hours for a course of three credit hours in a semester is,therefore, appx. 48.If a course is taught by more than one instructor, one of the instructors will coordinate that course.
Medium of Instruction & Examination
Pokhara University has adopted English as the language of instruction and examination except stated otherwise.
An academic year of the University consists of two semester of 16 weeks each. The fall semester starts in September and the spring semester in March. Fresh Admissions are normally made at the beginning of the fall semester.
Procedure For Admission
A notice inviting admission is publicly announced. the application forms and information brochures can be collected from the University office on payment of the assigned fee.
The concerned college scrutinizes the applications and invites the eligible candidates to take the entrance test, the date and time for the entrance test is informed to the prospective students by the college. The college may also interview the candidates for final selection for admission.
The candidates, who are given provisional admission, pending the submission of the qualifying certificates, will be required to submit their qualifying certificates within a month of admission. In case of default the admission may be cancelled.
Normal and Maximum Duration of Stay At the College
The normal and the maximum duration for the completion of the requirements for the various programs are as follows:
Nature of Program Normal Duration Maximum Duration
General Programs 3/4Years (6/8 Semesters) 6/8 Years (12/16 Semesters)
Technical Programs 4/5 Years (8/10 Semesters) 8/10 Years (16/20 Semesters)
The Academic record of a student is maintained in terms of the courses he/she has registered in a semester ,and the grades he/she obtains in those courses. Registration for courses is done at the beginning of each semester. Since registration is a very important procedural part of the credit system, it is essential that all students present themselves for registration at the college. In case of illness or any emergency circumstances, he /she must inform the principal or head of the institution. Only in rare cases, the principal/director may allow registration in the candidates absence. The student’s nominee cannot register for the courses but may complete other formalities.
Additions and Withdrawal from Course
Students wishing to add or withdrawal a course or courses must to so by petitioning to the principal’s office in the first week of the semester. A student wishing to withdraw from the course should apply on the prescribed form within one month of the start of the semester. A full time student must register all the courses, offered in the concerned semester. However he/she is allowed to register additional three retake courses, but a final year student is allowed to register four additional courses and non-regular student is allowed to register 24 credit hour course.
Semester Withdrawal
A student may apply for withdrawal from the entire semester on medical grounds only. The Principal / Director will examine the application for semester withdrawal and take the appropriate decision. No partial withdrawal of the courses registered in a semester will be considered.
The student is expected to attend every lecture, tutorial, seminar and practical class. However, to accommodate for late registration ,sickness and other such contingencies, the total attendance has to be at least80% of the classes actually held. If the student is continuously absent from the college for more than four weeks without notifying the head of the institution, his/her name will be removed from the college rolls.
Repeating a Course
A course may be taken only once for a grade, except when a student receives a failing grade. Since passing each course is an essential requirement to obtain a degree, the student must retake the course in which he/she has failed when it is offered by the college and must successfully complete it.
Within the maximum duration allowed for the program, a student may be allowed to retake a maximum of two passed courses in order to achieve a minimum CGPA of 2 in the under-graduate level and 3 in the graduate level. The grade(s) earned on the retake exam will be substituted for the previously earned grade(s) in the course’s).
A student’s performance in a course is evaluated in two phases: a) internally by the concerned faculty member through quizzes, tutorials, lab works, home assignments, class tests, class participation, term papers, etc. and b) externally by the office of the controller of examinations through semester -end examinations. The student must pass both the internal and the external examinations separately.
The grades awarded to a student in a course are based on his/her consolidated performance in both these types of evaluations. The weight age given to internal evaluation is 50% for the undergraduate program, and 60% for the graduate program. Similarly, 50% weight age in undergraduate programs and 40% weight age in graduate programs are assigned to the end of the semester examinations.
Pokhara University follows a four -point letter grade system. Letter grades awarded for the undergraduate and graduate levels are as follows:
Undergraduate Level
Letter Grade Honor Point
A 4.0 Excellent
A- 3.7
B+ 3.3
B 3.0 Good
B- 2.7
C+ 2.3
C 2.0 Fair
C- 1.7
D+ 1.3
D 1.0 Work satisfying minimum requirement for credit
F 0.0 Fail
B+ 3.3 Good
B 3.0 Fair
C 2.0 Work satisfying minimum requirement for credit.
Only in very rare and unusual circumstances, if a student fails to finish all the requirements for a course, he/she may be awarded an incomplete grade. ‘I’ if all the requirements are not completed within the following semester ,the grade of ‘I’ will automatically be converted into an ‘F’.
The performance of a student is evaluated in terms of two indices: a) Semester Grade Point Average (SGPA) which is the grade point average of the particular semester and b) Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) which is the grade point average of all the semesters taken together.
General Guidelines for Awarding a Grade
Awarding the Final Grade
Cumulative total score for the purpose of awarding the final grades in a scale of 0 to 100 is calculated as follows:
0.60 IEM + 0.40 EEM
IEM= Internal Examination Marks
EEM=External Examinations marks
This rule is, however, subject to rule (12.5)
In a specific course, subject to approval of the examination board, direct final grade may be awarded based on the student’s performance as evaluated by the faculty.
Normal Criteria for Awarding Final Grade
The following criteria will normally be used to award a grade in each subject based on the cumulative total score on scale of 0 to 100:
A (90 and above)
A- (85 and above, but below 90)
B+ (80 and above, but below 85)
B (75 and above, but below 80)
B- (70 and above ,but below 75)
C+ (65 and above, but below 70)
C (60 and above, but below 65)
C- (55 and above, but below 60)
D+ (50 and above ,but below 55)
D (45 and above, but below 50)
F (below 45)
Adjustment of Letter Grade
The cut off point for each letter grade may be slightly adjusted on a particular examination based on the level of difficulty of the question set as determined statistically using standardized normal distribution and natural breakpoints. The examination board of students appearing in a particular examination is less than 30.
Pass Marks in Internal and External Examinations
The pass marks for internal examination are 45% for the undergraduate level and 60%for the graduate level. Students failing in internal examination will be “Not Qualified” to appear in the end of the semester examination. Pass marks for the end of the semester examination are also 45%for undergraduate level and 60%for the graduate level. The pass marks cut of points in the end of the semester examination for a particular course may be slightly adjusted statistically on the basis of break points in student’s scores. Such adjustment will be based on the relative performance of the student as recommended by the Scrutiny Board and approved by the examination Board.
Congruency Between Internal and External Marks
A slightly higher internal examination marks than external examination marks will not be considered abnormal. However, if the marks in internal examination substantially and unacceptably exceed the marks in external examination, the internal examination marks will be questionable. Internal examination marks in a subject of a batch of students of a particular college will be considered to substantially and unacceptably exceed the respective external examination marks, if the former exceeds the later on an average by more than 25%.
In order to discourage this tendency and to ensure greater fairness in student grades across various colleges and over a period of time, the occurrence of substantially and unacceptably higher internal examination score, no matter whatever is written in rule (12.2),will be penalized by reducing the weight age of the internal examination by50%.Correspondingly,the weight age of the external examination will be increased.
Normal Distribution of Grades
The university recognizes that there will be variations in the distribution of the students grades over the years. However, the university expects that on an average over a long period of time ,20%,30% and 40% of passing students in the undergraduate level will secure A, B, and C letter grades respectively in a course.Likewise,35% and 60% of passing students in graduate level examination are expected to secure A and B letter grades respectively in a course.
Degree with Distinction
To obtain a degree with distinction ,a student must obtain a CGPA of 3.60 or better in the undergraduate level and 3.75 or better in the graduate level.
Dean’s List
The Dean’s list recognizes outstanding academic performance. To qualify, a student must obtain a CGPA of at least 3.7 in the undergraduate level and 3.8 in the graduate level.
Dismissal from the Program
A student is normally expected to obtain a CGPA of 2.0 in the undergraduate level and 3.0 in the graduate level. The student ,whose performance in the past semesters does not show the possibility of maintaining this CGPA, may be dismissed from the program.
Transfer of Credit Hours
A maximum of up to 25% of the total credit hours of course work completed in an equivalent program of a recognized institution may be transferred / waived for credit on the recommendation of the head of the faculty. For transfer of credit, a student must have received a grade of ‘B’ or better in the respective course. Courses taken earlier than five years may not be accepted for transfer of credit .However, a student transferring from one program of Pokhara University may receive a credit transfer of all the compatible courses completed with at least grade ‘C’ in the undergraduate level and grade ‘B’ in the graduate level.
Unfair Means
Students are strictly forbidden from adopting unfair means in class assignments, tests, report writing and final examination. Any of followings would be considered as adoption of unfair means during examination:
– Receiving unauthorized help from fellow students
– Copying from another student’s script /report / paper.
– Copying from disk, or palm of hand or other incriminating documents.
– Possession of any incriminating document whether used or not.Any approach in direct or indirect form to influence the teacher / examiner concerning grade.
– Unruly behavior, which disrupts academic program.
If the instructor / invigilator detects a student using unfair means, the student may be given an ‘F’ grade at the discretion of the examination board. Moreover, adoption of unfair means may result in the dismissal of the student from the program and expulsion of the student from the college and as such from Pokhara University.
Monitoring of Students Academic Performance
Students academic performance in each semester will be monitored and those doing poorly will be advised to improve their performance in subsequent semesters. In case a student fails to satisfy the minimum academic criteria laid down for continuation as a student at the end of each year, his/her registration will be terminated. The termination of registration of a student due to poor academic performance will be reviewed every year at the end of the even semester.
Examinations & Graduation
The Controller of Examinations is responsible for conducting all the end of semester examinations of the University. The examination timetable will be released no later than two weeks prior to the start of the examination period and the time, date, duration, and examination centers will be specified. It is the candidates responsibility to attend the end of the semester examination at the correct time and place and to comply with the examination rules.
The Controller of Examinations will publish the official results of the examinations and make the results available to the concerned college(s). It is the responsibility of the candidates to make themselves aware of their results. Students are responsible for reviewing records carefully to ensure that they are completing all degree requirements.
The Controller of Examinations will make arrangements for graduation ceremonies. A graduate wishing to attend the graduation ceremonies should complete a diploma request form with the office of the Controller of Examinations. Degrees, Diplomas, honors and medals will be awarded to graduates at the graduation ceremonies. Students who need official verification of apply for transcripts from the office of the Controller of Examinations.
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The Little Regiment
THE fog made the clothes of the column of men in the roadway seem of a luminous quality. It imparted to the heavy infantry overcoats a new color, a kind of blue which was so pale that a regiment might have been merely a long, low shadow in the mist. However, a muttering, one part grumble, three parts joke, hovered in the air above the thick ranks, and blended in an undertoned roar, which was the voice of the column.
The town on the southern shore of the little river loomed spectrally, a faint etching upon the gray cloud-masses which were shifting with oily languor. A long row of guns upon the northern bank had been pitiless in their hatred, but a little battered belfry could be dimly seen still pointing with invincible resolution toward the heavens.
The enclouded air vibrated with noises made by hidden colossal things.
The infantry tramplings, the heavy rumbling of the artillery, made the earth speak of gigantic preparation. Guns on distant heights thundered from time to time with sudden, nervous roar, as if unable to endure in silence a knowledge of hostile troops massing, other guns going to position. These sounds, near and remote, defined an immense battle-ground, described the tremendous width of the stage of the prospective drama. The voice of the guns, slightly casual, unexcited in their challenges and warnings, could not destroy the unutterable eloquence of the word in the air, a meaning of impending struggle which made the breath halt at the lips.
The column in the roadway was ankle-deep in mud. The men swore piously at the rain, which drizzled upon them, compelling them to stand always very erect in fear of the drops that would sweep in under their coat-collars. The fog was as cold as wet clothes. The men stuffed their hands deep in their pockets, and huddled their muskets in their arms. The machinery of orders had rooted these soldiers deeply into the mud precisely as almighty nature roots mullein stalks.
They listened and speculated when a tumult of fighting came from the dim town across the river. When the noise lulled for a time, they resumed their descriptions of the mud and graphically exaggerated the number of hours they had been kept waiting. The general commanding their division rode along the ranks, and they cheered admiringly, affectionately, crying out to him gleeful prophecies of the coming battle. Each man scanned him with a peculiarly keen personal interest, and afterwards spoke of him with unquestioning devotion and confidence, narrating anecdotes which were mainly untrue.
When the jokers lifted the shrill voices which invariably belonged to them, flinging witticisms at their comrades, a loud laugh would sweep from rank to rank, and soldiers who had not heard would lean forward and demand repetition. When were borne past them some wounded men with gray and blood-smeared faces, and eyes that rolled in that helpless beseeching for assistance from the sky which comes with supreme pain, the soldiers in the mud watched intently, and from time to time asked of the bearers an account of the affair. Frequently they bragged of their corps, their division, their brigade, their regiment. Anon, they referred to the mud and the cold drizzle. Upon this threshold of a wild scene of death they, in short, defied the proportion of events with that splendor of heedlessness which belongs only to veterans.
"Like a lot of wooden soldiers," swore Billie Dempster, moving his feet in the thick mass, and casting a vindictive glance indefinitely; "standing in the mud for a hundred years."
"Oh, shut up!" murmured his brother Dan. The manner of his words implied that this fraternal voice near him was an indescribable bore. "Why should I shut up?" demanded Billie. "Because you're a fool," cried Dan, taking no time to debate it; "the biggest fool in the regiment."
There was but one man between them, and he was habituated. These insults from brother to brother had swept across his chest, flown past his face, many times during two long campaigns. Upon this occasion he simply grinned first at one, then at the other.
The way of these brothers was not an unknown topic in regimental gossip. They had enlisted simultaneously, with each sneering loudly at the other for doing it. They left their little town, and went forward with the flag, exchanging protestations of undying suspicion. In the camp life they so openly despised each other that, when entertaining quarrels were lacking, their companions often contrived situations calculated to bring forth display of this fraternal dislike.
Both were large-limbed, strong young men, and often fought with friends in camp unless one was near to interfere with the other. This latter happened rather frequently, because Dan, preposterously willing for any manner of combat, had a very great horror of seeing Billie in a fight; and Billie, almost odiously ready himself, simply refused to see Dan stripped to his shirt and with his fists aloft. This sat queerly upon them, and made them the objects of plots.
When Dan would jump through a ring of eager soldiers and drag forth his raving brother by the arm, a thing often predicted would almost come to pass. When Billie performed the same office for Dan, the prediction would again miss fulfilment by an inch. But indeed they never fought together, although they were perpetually upon the verge.
They expressed longing for such conflict. As a matter of truth, they had at one time made full arrangement for it, but even with the encouragement and interest of half of the regiment they somehow failed to achieve collision.
If Dan became a victim of police duty, no jeering was so destructive to the feelings as Billie's comment. If Billie got a call to appear at the headquarters, none would so genially prophesy his complete undoing as Dan. Small misfortunes to one were, in truth, invariably greeted with hilarity by the other, who seemed to see in them great reenforcement of his opinion.
As soldiers, they expressed each for each a scorn intense and blasting.
After a certain battle, Billie was promoted to corporal. When Dan was told of it, he seemed smitten dumb with astonishment and patriotic indignation. He stared in silence, while the dark blood rushed to Billie's forehead, and he shifted his weight from foot to foot. Dan at last found his tongue, and said: "Well, I'm durned!" If he had heard that an army mule had been appointed to the post of corps commander, his tone could not have had more derision in it. Afterward, he adopted a fervid insubordination, an almost religious reluctance to obey the new corporal's orders, which came near to developing the desired strife.
It is here finally to be recorded also that Dan, most ferociously profane in speech, very rarely swore in the presence of his brother; and that Billie, whose oaths came from his lips with the grace of falling pebbles, was seldom known to express himself in this manner when near his brother Dan.
At last the afternoon contained a suggestion of evening. Metallic cries rang suddenly from end to end of the column. They inspired at once a quick, business-like adjustment. The long thing stirred in the mud. The men had hushed, and were looking across the river. A moment later the shadowy mass of pale-blue figures was moving steadily toward the stream. There could be heard from the town a clash of swift fighting and cheering. The noise of the shooting coming through the heavy air had its sharpness taken from it, and sounded in thuds.
There was a halt upon the bank above the pontoons. When the column went winding down the incline, and streamed out upon the bridge, the fog had faded to a great degree, and in the clearer dusk the guns on a distant ridge were enabled to perceive the crossing. The long whirling outcries of the shells came into the air above the men. An occasional solid shot struck the surface of the river, and dashed into view a sudden vertical jet. The distance was subtly illuminated by the lightning from the deep-booming guns. One by one the batteries on the northern shore aroused, the innumerable guns bellowed in angry oration at the distant ridge. The rolling thunder crashed and reverberated as a wild surf sounds on a still night, and to this music the column marched across the pontoons.
The waters of the grim river curled away in a smile from the ends of the great boats, and slid swiftly beneath the planking. The dark, riddled walls of the town upreared before the troops, and from a region hidden by these hammered and tumbled houses came incessantly the yells and firings of a prolonged and close skirmish.
When Dan had called his brother a fool, his voice had been so decisive, so brightly assured, that many men had laughed, considering it to be great humor under the circumstances. The incident happened to rankle deep in Billie. It was not any strange thing that his brother had called him a fool. In fact, he often called him a fool with exactly the same amount of cheerful and prompt conviction, and before large audiences, too. Billie wondered in his own mind why he took such profound offence in this case; but, at any rate, as he slid down the bank and on to the bridge with his regiment, he was searching his knowledge for something that would pierce Dan's blithesome spirit. But he could contrive nothing at this time, and his impotency made the glance which he was once able to give his brother still more malignant.
The guns far and near were roaring a fearful and grand introduction for this column which was marching upon the stage of death. Billie felt it, but only in a numb way. His heart was cased in that curious dissonant metal which covers a man's emotions at such times. The terrible voices from the hills told him that in this wide conflict his life was an insignificant fact. They portended the whirlwind to which he would be as necessary as a waved butterfly's wing. The solemnity, the sadness of it came near enough to make him wonder why he was neither solemn nor sad. When his mind vaguely adjusted events according to their importance to him, it appeared that the uppermost thing was the fact that upon the eve of battle, and before many comrades, his brother had called him a fool.
Dan was in a particularly happy mood. "Hurray! Look at 'em shoot," he said, when the long witches' croon of the shells came into the air. It enraged Billie when he felt the little thorn in him, and saw at the same time that his brother had completely forgotten.
The column went from the bridge into more mud. At this southern end there was a chaos of hoarse directions and commands. Darkness was coming upon the earth, and regiments were being hurried up the slippery bank. As Billie floundered in the black mud, amid the swearing, sliding crowd, he suddenly resolved that, in the absence of other means of hurting Dan, he would avoid looking at him, refrain from speaking to him, pay absolutely no heed to his existence; and this done skilfully would, he imagined, soon reduce his brother to a poignant sensitiveness.
At the top of the bank the column again halted, and rearranged itself, as a man after a climb rearranges his clothing. Presently the great steel-backed brigade, an infinitely graceful thing in the rhythm and ease of its veteran movement, swung up a little narrow, slanting street.
Evening had come so swiftly that the fighting on the remote borders of the town was indicated by thin flashes of flame. Some building was on fire, and its reflection upon the clouds was an oval of delicate pink.
ALL demeanor of rural serenity had been wrenched violently from the little town by the guns and by the waves of men which had surged through it. The hand of war laid upon this village had in an instant changed it to a thing of remnants. It resembled the place of a monstrous shaking of the earth itself. The windows, now mere unsightly holes, made the tumbled and blackened dwellings seem skeletons. Doors lay splintered to fragments.
Chimneys had flung their bricks everywhere. The artillery fire had not neglected the rows of gentle shade-trees which had lined the streets.
Branches and heavy trunks cluttered the mud in drift-wood tangles, while a few shattered forms had contrived to remain dejectedly, mournfully upright. They expressed an innocence, a helplessness, which perforce created a pity for their happening into this cauldron of battle. Furthermore, there was under foot a vast collection of odd things reminiscent of the charge, the fight, the retreat. There were boxes and barrels filled with earth, behind which riflemen had lain snugly, and in these little trenches were the dead in blue with the dead in gray, the poses eloquent of the struggles for possession of the town until the history of the whole conflict was written plainly in the streets.
And yet the spirit of this little city, its quaint individuality, poised in the air above the ruins, defying the guns, the sweeping volleys; holding in contempt those avaricious blazes which had attacked many dwellings. The hard earthen sidewalks proclaimed the games that had been played there during long lazy days, in the careful shadows of the trees. "General Merchandise," in faint letters upon a long board, had to be read with a slanted glance, for the board dangled by one end; but the porch of the old store was a palpable legend of wide-hatted men, smoking.
This subtle essence, this soul of the life that had been, brushed like invisible wings the thoughts of the men in the swift columns that came up from the river.
In the darkness a loud and endless humming arose from the great blue crowds bivouacked in the streets. From time to time a sharp spatter of firing from far picket lines entered this bass chorus. The smell from the smouldering ruins floated on the cold night breeze.
Dan, seated ruefully upon the doorstep of a shot-pierced house, was proclaiming the campaign badly managed. Orders had been issued forbidding camp-fires.
Suddenly he ceased his oration, and scanning the group of his comrades, said: "Where's Billie? Do you know?" "Gone on picket." "Get out! Has he?" said Dan. "No business to go on picket. Why don't some of them other corporals take their turn?"
A bearded private was smoking his pipe of confiscated tobacco, seated comfortably upon a horse-hair trunk which he had dragged from the house. He observed: "Was his turn."
"No such thing," cried Dan. He and the man on the horse-hair trunk held discussion, in which Dan stoutly maintained that if his brother had been sent on picket it was an injustice. He ceased his argument when another soldier, upon whose arms could faintly be seen the two stripes of a corporal, entered the circle. "Humph," said Dan, "where you been?"
The corporal made no answer. Presently Dan said: "Billie, where you been?"
His brother did not seem to hear these inquiries. He glanced at the house which towered above them, and remarked casually to the man on the horse-hair trunk: "Funny, ain't it? After the pelting this town got, you'd think there wouldn't be one brick left on another."
"Oh," said Dan, glowering at his brother's back. "Getting mighty smart, ain't you?"
The absence of camp-fires allowed the evening to make apparent its quality of faint silver light in which the blue clothes of the throng became black, and the faces became white expanses, void of expression. There was considerable excitement a short distance from the group around the doorstep. A soldier had chanced upon a hoop-skirt, and arrayed in it he was performing a dance amid the applause of his companions. Billie and a greater part of the men immediately poured over there, to witness the exhibition.
"What's the matter with Billie?" demanded Dan of the man upon the horse-hair trunk.
"How do I know?" rejoined the other in mild resentment. He arose and walked away. When he returned he said briefly, in a weather-wise tone, that it would rain during the night.
Dan took a seat upon one end of the horse-hair trunk. He was facing the crowd around the dancer, which in its hilarity swung this way and that way. At times he imagined that he could recognize his brother's face.
He and the man on the other end of the trunk thoughtfully talked of the army's position. To their minds, infantry and artillery were in a most precarious jumble in the streets of the town; but they did not grow nervous over it, for they were used to having the army appear in a precarious jumble to their minds. They had learned to accept such puzzling situations as a consequence of their position in the ranks, and were now usually in possession of a simple but perfectly immovable faith that somebody understood the jumble. Even if they had been convinced that the army was a headless monster, they would merely have nodded with the veteran's singular cynicism. It was none of their business as soldiers. Their duty was to grab sleep and food when occasion permitted, and cheerfully fight wherever their feet were planted, until more orders came. This was a task sufficiently absorbing.
They spoke of other corps, and this talk being confidential, their voices dropped to tones of awe. "The Ninth" -- "The First" -- "The Fifth" -- "The Sixth" -- "The Third" -- the simple numerals rang with eloquence, each having a meaning which was to float through many years as no intangible arithmetical mist, but as pregnant with individuality as the names of cities.
Of their own corps they spoke with a deep veneration, an idolatry, a supreme confidence which apparently would not blanch to see it matched against everything.
It was as if their respect for other corps was due partly to a wonder that organizations not blessed with their own famous numeral could take such an interest in war. They could prove that their division was the best in the corps, and that their brigade was the best in the division. And their regiment -- it was plain that no fortune of life was equal to the chance which caused a man to be born, so to speak, into this command, the proud keystone of the defending arch.
At times Dan covered with insults the character of a vague, unnamed general to whose petulance and busy-body spirit he ascribed the order which made hot coffee impossible.
Dan said that victory was certain in the coming battle. The other man seemed rather dubious. He remarked upon the fortified line of hills, which had impressed him even from the other side of the river. "Shucks," said Dan. "Why, we -- " He pictured a splendid overflowing of these hills by the sea of men in blue. During the period of this conversation Dan's glance searched the merry throng about the dancer. Above the babble of voices in the street a far-away thunder could sometimes be heard -- evidently from the very edge of the horizon -- the boom-boom of restless guns.
Ultimately the night deepened to the tone of black velvet. The outlines of the fireless camp were like the faint drawings upon ancient tapestry. The glint of a rifle, the shine of a button might have been of threads of silver and gold sewn upon the fabric of the night.
There was little presented to the vision, but to a sense more subtle there was discernible in the atmosphere something like a pulse; a mystic beating which would have told a stranger of the presence of a giant thing -- the slumbering mass of regiments and batteries.
With fires forbidden, the floor of a dry old kitchen was thought to be a good exchange for the cold earth of December, even if a shell had exploded in it, and knocked it so out of shape that when a man lay curled in his blanket his last waking thought was likely to be of the wall that bellied out above him as if strongly anxious to topple upon the score of soldiers.
Billie looked at the bricks ever about to descend in a shower upon his face, listened to the industrious pickets plying their rifles on the border of the town, imagined some measure of the din of the coming battle, thought of Dan and Dan's chagrin, and, rolling over in his blanket, went to sleep with satisfaction.
At an unknown hour he was aroused by the creaking of boards. Lifting himself upon his elbow, he saw a sergeant prowling among the sleeping forms. The sergeant carried a candle in an old brass candlestick. He would have resembled some old farmer on an unusual midnight tour if it were not for the significance of his gleaming buttons and striped sleeves.
Billie blinked stupidly at the light until his mind returned from the journeys of slumber. The sergeant stooped among the unconscious soldiers, holding the candle close, and peering into each face.
"Hello, Haines," said Billie. "Relief?" "Hello, Billie," said the sergeant. "Special duty." "Dan got to go?" "Jameson, Hunter, McCormack, D. Dempster. Yes. Where is he?" "Over there by the winder," said Billie, gesturing. "What is it for, Haines?"
"You don't think I know, do you?" demanded the sergeant. He began to pipe sharply but cheerily at men upon the floor. "Come, Mac, get up here. Here's a special for you. Wake up, Jameson. Come along, Dannie, me boy."
Each man at once took this call to duty as a personal affront. They pulled themselves out of their blankets, rubbed their eyes, and swore at whoever was responsible. "Them's orders," cried the sergeant. "Come! Get out of here." An undetailed head, with dishevelled hair, thrust out from a blanket, and a sleepy voice said: "Shut up, Haines, and go home."
When the detail clanked out of the kitchen, all but one of the remaining men seemed to be again asleep. Billie, leaning on his elbow, was gazing into darkness. When the footsteps died to silence, he curled himself into his blanket.
At the first cool lavender lights of daybreak he aroused again, and scanned his recumbent companions. Seeing a wakeful one he asked: "Is Dan back yet?"
The man said: "Hain't seen 'im."
Billie put both hands behind his head, and scowled into the air. "Can't see the use of these cussed details in the nighttime," he muttered in his most unreasonable tones. "Darn nuisances. Why can't they -- " He grumbled at length and graphically.
When Dan entered with the squad, however, Billie was convincingly asleep.
The regiment trotted in double time along the street, and the colonel seemed to quarrel over the right of way with many artillery officers. Batteries were waiting in the mud, and the men of them, exasperated by the bustle of this ambitious infantry, shook their fists from saddle and caisson, exchanging all manner of taunts and jests. The slanted guns continued to look reflectively at the ground.
On the outskirts of the crumbled town a fringe of blue figures were firing into the fog. The regiment swung out into skirmish lines, and the fringe of blue figures departed, turning their backs and going joyfully around the flank.
The bullets began a low moan off toward a ridge which loomed faintly in the heavy mist. When the swift crescendo had reached its climax, the missiles zipped just overhead, as if piercing an invisible curtain. A battery on the hill was crashing with such tumult that it was as if the guns had quarrelled and had fallen pell-mell and snarling upon each other. The shells howled on their journey toward the town. From short-range distance there came a spatter of musketry, sweeping along an invisible line and making faint sheets of orange light.
Some in the new skirmish lines were beginning to fire at various shadows discerned in the vapor, forms of men suddenly revealed by some humor of the laggard masses of clouds. The crackle of musketry began to dominate the purring of the hostile bullets. Dan, in the front rank, held his rifle poised, and looked into the fog keenly, coldly, with the air of a sportsman. His nerves were so steady that it was as if they had been drawn from his body, leaving him merely a muscular machine; but his numb heart was somehow beating to the pealing march of the fight.
The waving skirmish line went backward and forward, ran this way and that way. Men got lost in the fog, and men were found again. Once they got too close to the formidable ridge, and the thing burst out as if repulsing a general attack. Once another blue regiment was apprehended on the very edge of firing into them. Once a friendly battery began an elaborate and scientific process of extermination. Always as busy as brokers, the men slid here and there over the plain, fighting their foes, escaping from their friends, leaving a history of many movements in the wet yellow turf, cursing the atmosphere, blazing away every time they could identify the enemy.
In one mystic changing of the fog, as if the fingers of spirits were drawing aside these draperies, a small group of the gray skirmishers, silent, statuesque, were suddenly disclosed to Dan and those about him. So vivid and near were they that there was something uncanny in the revelation.
There might have been a second of mutual staring. Then each rifle in each group was at the shoulder. As Dan's glance flashed along the barrel of his weapon, the figure of a man suddenly loomed as if the musket had been a telescope. The short black beard, the slouch hat, the pose of the man as he sighted to shoot, made a quick picture in Dan's mind. The same moment, it would seem, he pulled his own trigger, and the man, smitten, lurched forward, while his exploding rifle made a slanting crimson streak in the air, and the slouch hat fell before the body. The billows of the fog, governed by singular impulses, rolled between.
"You got that feller sure enough," said a comrade to Dan. Dan looked at him absent-mindedly.
When the next morning calmly displayed another fog, the men of the regiment exchanged eloquent comments; but they did not abuse it at length, because the streets of the town now contained enough galloping aides to make three troops of cavalry, and they knew that they had come to the verge of the great fight.
Dan conversed with the man who had once possessed a horse-hair trunk; but they did not mention the line of hills which had furnished them in more careless moments with an agreeable topic. They avoided it now as condemned men do the subject of death, and yet the thought of it stayed in their eyes as they looked at each other and talked gravely of other things.
The expectant regiment heaved a long sigh of relief when the sharp call, "Fall in!" repeated indefinitely, arose in the streets. It was inevitable that a bloody battle was to be fought, and they wanted to get it off their minds. They were, however, doomed again to spend a long period planted firmly in the mud. They craned their necks, and wondered where some of the other regiments were going.
At last the mists rolled carelessly away. Nature made at this time all provisions to enable foes to see each other, and immediately the roar of guns resounded from every hill. The endless cracking of the skirmishers swelled to rolling crashes of musketry. Shells screamed with panther-like noises at the houses. Dan looked at the man of the horse-hair trunk, and the man said: "Well, here she comes!"
The tenor voices of younger officers and the deep and hoarse voices of the older ones rang in the streets. These cries pricked like spurs. The masses of men vibrated from the suddenness with which they were plunged into the situation of troops about to fight. That the orders were long-expected did not concern the emotion.
Simultaneous movement was imparted to all these thick bodies of men and horses that lay in the town. Regiment after regiment swung rapidly into the streets that faced the sinister ridge.
This exodus was theatrical. The little sober-hued village had been like the cloak which disguises the king of drama. It was now put aside, and an army, splendid thing of steel and blue, stood forth in the sunlight. Even the soldiers in the heavy columns drew deep breaths at the sight, more majestic than they had dreamed. The heights of the enemy's position were crowded with men who resembled people come to witness some mighty pageant. But as the column moved steadily to their positions, the guns, matter-of-fact warriors, doubled their number, and shells burst with red thrilling tumult on the crowded plain. One came into the ranks of the regiment, and after the smoke and the wrath of it had faded, leaving motionless figures, every one stormed according to the limits of his vocabulary, for veterans detest being killed when they are not busy.
The regiment sometimes looked sideways at its brigade companions composed of men who had never been in battle; but no frozen blood could withstand the heat of the splendor of this army before the eyes on the plain, these lines so long that the flanks were little streaks, this mass of men of one intention. The recruits carried themselves heedlessly. At the rear was an idle battery, and three artillerymen in a foolish row on a caisson nudged each other and grinned at the recruits. "You'll catch it pretty soon," they called out. They were impersonally gleeful, as if they themselves were not also likely to catch it pretty soon. But with this picture of an army in their hearts, the new men perhaps felt the devotion which the drops may feel for the wave; they were of its power and glory; they smiled jauntily at the foolish row of gunners, and told them to go to blazes.
The column trotted across some little bridges, and spread quickly into lines of battle. Before them was a bit of plain, and back of the plain was the ridge. There was no time left for considerations. The men were staring at the plain, mightily wondering how it would feel to be out there, when a brigade in advance yelled and charged. The hill was all gray smoke and fire-points.
That fierce elation in the terrors of war, catching a man's heart and making it burn with such ardor that he becomes capable of dying, flashed in the faces of the men like colored lights, and made them resemble leashed animals, eager, ferocious, daunting at nothing. The line was really in its first leap before the wild, hoarse crying of the orders.
The greed for close quarters which is the emotion of a bayonet charge came then into the minds of the men and developed until it was a madness. The field, with its faded grass of a Southern winter, seemed miles in width to this fury.
High, slow-moving masses of smoke, with an odor of burning cotton, engulfed the line until the men might have been swimmers. Before them the ridge, the shore of this gray sea, was outlined, crossed, and re-crossed by sheets of flame. The howl of the battle arose to the noise of innumerable wind demons.
The line, galloping, scrambling, plunging like a herd of wounded horses, went over a field that was sown with corpses, the records of other charges.
Directly in front of the black-faced, whooping Dan, carousing in this onward sweep like a new kind of fiend, a wounded man appeared, raising his shattered body, and staring at this rush of men down upon him. It seemed to occur to him that he was to be trampled; he made a desperate, piteous effort to escape; then finally huddled in a waiting heap. Dan and the soldier near him widened the interval between them without looking down, without appearing to heed the wounded man. This little clump of blue seemed to reel past them as bowlders reel past a train.
Bursting through a smoke-wave, the scampering, unformed bunches came upon the wreck of the brigade that had preceded them, a floundering mass stopped afar from the hill by the swirling volleys.
It was as if a necromancer had suddenly shown them a picture of the fate which awaited them; but the line with a muscular spasm hurled itself over this wreckage and onward, until men were stumbling amid the relics of other assaults, the point where the fire from the ridge consumed.
The men, panting, perspiring, with crazed faces, tried to push against it; but it was as if they had come to a wall. The wave halted, shuddered in an agony from the quick struggle of its two desires, then toppled, and broke into a fragmentary thing which has no name.
Veterans could now at last be distinguished from recruits. The new regiments were instantly gone, lost, scattered, as if they never had been. But the sweeping failure of the charge, the battle, could not make the veterans forget their business. With a last throe, the band of maniacs drew itself up and blazed a volley at the hill, insignificant to those iron intrenchments, but nevertheless expressing that singular final despair which enables men to coolly defy the walls of a city of death.
After this episode the men renamed their command. They called it the Little Regiment.
"I seen Dan shoot a feller yesterday. Yes, sir. I'm sure it was him that done it. And maybe he thinks about that feller now, and wonders if he tumbled down just about the same way. Them things come up in a man's mind."
Bivouac fires upon the sidewalks, in the streets, in the yards, threw high their wavering reflections, which examined, like slim, red fingers, the dingy, scarred walls and the piles of tumbled brick. The droning of voices again arose from great blue crowds.
The odor of frying bacon, the fragrance from countless little coffee-pails floated among the ruins. The rifles, stacked in the shadows, emitted flashes of steely light. Wherever a flag lay horizontally from one stack to another was the bed of an eagle which had led men into the mystic smoke.
The men about a particular fire were engaged in holding in check their jovial spirits. They moved whispering around the blaze, although they looked at it with a certain fine contentment, like laborers after a day's hard work.
There was one who sat apart. They did not address him save in tones suddenly changed. They did not regard him directly, but always in little sidelong glances.
At last a soldier from a distant fire came into this circle of light. He studied for a time the man who sat apart. Then he hesitatingly stepped closer, and said: "Got any news, Dan?"
"No," said Dan.
The new-comer shifted his feet. He looked at the fire, at the sky, at the other men, at Dan. His face expressed a curious despair; his tongue was plainly in rebellion. Finally, however, he contrived to say: "Well, there's some chance yet, Dan. Lots of the wounded are still lying out there, you know. There's some chance yet."
"Yes," said Dan.
The soldier shifted his feet again, and looked miserably into the air. After another struggle he said: "Well, there's some chance yet, Dan." He moved hastily away.
One of the men of the squad, perhaps encouraged by this example, now approached the still figure. "No news yet, hey?" he said, after coughing behind his hand.
"Well," said the man, "I've been thinking of how he was fretting about you the night you went on special duty. You recollect? Well, sir, I was surprised. He couldn't say enough about it. I swan, I don't believe he slep' a wink after you left, but just lay awake cussing special duty and worrying. I was surprised. But there he lay cussing. He -- "
Dan made a curious sound, as if a stone had wedged in his throat. He said: "Shut up, will you?"
Afterward the men would not allow this moody contemplation of the fire to be interrupted.
"Oh, let him alone, can't you?"
"Come away from there, Casey!"
"Say, can't you leave him be?"
They moved with reverence about the immovable figure, with its countenance of mask-like invulnerability.
AFTER the red round eye of the sun had stared at the little plain and its burden, darkness, a sable mercy, came heavily upon it, and the wan hands of the dead were no longer seen in strange frozen gestures.
The heights in front of the plain shone with tiny camp-fires, and from the town in the rear, small shimmerings ascended from the blazes of the bivouac. The plain was a black expanse upon which, from time to time, dots of light, lanterns, floated slowly here and there. These fields were long steeped in grim mystery.
Suddenly, upon one dark spot, there was a resurrection. A strange thing had been groaning there, prostrate. Then it suddenly dragged itself to a sitting posture, and became a man.
The man stared stupidly for a moment at the lights on the hill, then turned and contemplated the faint coloring over the town. For some moments he remained thus, staring with dull eyes, his face unemotional, wooden.
Finally he looked around him at the corpses dimly to be seen. No change flashed into his face upon viewing these men. They seemed to suggest merely that his information concerning himself was not too complete. He ran his fingers over his arms and chest, bearing always the air of an idiot upon a bench at an almshouse door.
Finding no wound in his arms nor in his chest, he raised his hand to his head, and the fingers came away with some dark liquid upon them. Holding these fingers close to his eyes, he scanned them in the same stupid fashion, while his body gently swayed.
The soldier rolled his eyes again toward the town. When he arose, his clothing peeled from the frozen ground like wet paper. Hearing the sound of it, he seemed to see reason for deliberation. He paused and looked at the ground, then at his trousers, then at the ground.
Finally he went slowly off toward the faint reflection, holding his hands palm outward before him, and walking in the manner of a blind man.
THE immovable Dan again sat unaddressed in the midst of comrades, who did not joke aloud. The dampness of the usual morning fog seemed to make the little camp-fires furious.
Suddenly a cry arose in the streets, a shout of amazement and delight.
The men making breakfast at the fire looked up quickly. They broke forth in clamorous exclamation: "Well! Of all things! Dan! Dan! Look who's coming! Oh, Dan!"
Dan the silent raised his eyes and saw a man, with a bandage the size of a helmet about his head, receiving a furious demonstration from the company. He was shaking hands, and explaining, and haranguing to a high degree.
Dan started. His skin of bronze flushed to his temples. He seemed about to leap from the ground, but then suddenly he sank back, and resumed his impassive gazing.
The men were in a flurry. They looked from one to the other. "Dan! Look!
See who's coming!" some cried again. "Dan! Look!"
He scowled at last, and moved his shoulders sullenly. "Well, don't I know it?"
But they could not be convinced that his eyes were in service. "Dan! Why can't you look? See who's coming!"
He made a gesture then of irritation and rage. "Curse it! Don't I know it?"
The man with a bandage of the size of a helmet moved forward, always shaking hands and explaining. At times his glance wandered to Dan, who sat with his eyes riveted.
After a series of shiftings, it occurred naturally that the man with the bandage was very near to the man who saw the flames. He paused, and there was a little silence. Finally he said: "Hello, Dan."
"Hello, Billie."
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Tony Trischka: Early Roman Kings – The Music of Bob Dylan
Early Roman Kings: The Music of Bob Dylan features music from over half a century of insanely creative music – from the very beginning to the present, with a whole lot in between. As Jimmy Carter said at the 2015 Music Cares Grammy event, where Dylan received the Person of the Year Award: “There’s no doubt his words on peace and human rights are much more incisive and much more powerful and much more permanent than those of any President of the United States”. That side of his mercurial career and many others will be mined for hidden gems as well as the mother lode hits.
Tony Trischka is considered to be one of the most influential banjo players in the roots music world. A 2012 United States Artists Friends Fellow, Trischka has, for more than 45 years, inspired generations of bluegrass and acoustic musicians with the many innovative and historical voices he has brought to the instrument.
Early Roman Kings are: Tony Trischka/banjo, pedal steel; Stash Wyslouch/guitar, vocals; Sean Trischka/drums, vocals; Jared Engel/bass.
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Growing Senior Living Operator Sees Benefits in Skilled Care
By Alex Spanko | August 24, 2017
Operating a continuing care retirement community (CCRC) generally requires the full continuum of senior living services, from independent living to long-term senior care. But amid troubles in the skilled nursing marketplace, some senior housing operators have moved away from skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) entirely. Others, meanwhile, have said that if they could go back in time, they might reconsider their SNF strategy within existing CCRCs.
But one provider believes the future of CCRCs includes SNFs as a key component — and not just higher-end, short-term rehab facilities.
Kansas City, Mo.-based Tutera Senior Living sees long-term skilled care as a cornerstone of its business, providing its SNF units with a stable base of both residents and staff — and bringing an in-house option for existing assisted- and independent-living residents who require more care as they age.
“It’s about providing resident choice — multiple levels of resident choice,” CEO Joe Tutera told Senior Housing News.
The chain currently operates 51 communities in 11 states, and recently broke ground on a new rehabilitation center in Kansas City. The $21 million Northland Rehabilitation & Health Care Center will be part of a “virtual CCRC” when it opens, providing skilled care to residents of the company’s nearby assisted and independent living facilities.
The company operates on a purely fee-for-service rental model, with no upfront down payments — which are common in “life plan communities,” which require large initial payments to cover future costs as residents move through the continuum of care from assisted living up to long-term skilled services. Tutera likened that payment structure to an insurance policy, in which residents end up betting that they’ll use services that they may not end up needing.
The straight fee-for-service strategy, in Tutera’s view, provides residents with more choice — and ups the ante for Tutera, as residents could hypothetically choose to leave at any time.
“It holds us to a higher standard, and it’s a product that not everybody’s going to build,” Tutera said.
SNF sweet spot
When discussing the CCRC model, Tutera gave the example of standalone memory-care facilities, which have experienced occupancy challenges in recent years.
“There’s obviously a great demand for memory care … but the specificity of those products narrows the market, and it limits the services you can provide, because you’re staying within that particular community,” Tutera said.
Instead, Tutera Senior Living has sought to provide a full range of services on single campuses, including long- and short-term skilled care, to meet what Joe Tutera said was strong demand from residents in the markets it serves.
“It opens up all sorts of all other options, broadens the market, and provides better choice for the market,” Tutera said. “It provides a much greater lifestyle for the resident, and the resident spouses and the family members.”
Tutera typically aims for a 90- to 120-bed SNF model, with a desired proportion of about 75 to 85 long-term beds. While admitting that short-term rehabilitation beds tend to have higher margins due to Medicare Part A reimbursements, he said that ongoing length-of-stay declines have created higher churn in rehab-heavy SNF units, putting a strain on the nursing staff and an operator’s bottom line.
“If you can add a mix of long-term care residents, it gives you a more stable census of lower-care residents to mix in with the higher-care residents, and a stable base of staff that can take care of those residents,” Tutera said.
“You’re just more efficient, and you don’t see the ups and downs,” he added.
A facility smaller than 90 to 120 beds, Tutera said, would leave the operator more vulnerable to census fluctuations and staffing inefficiencies.
“We wouldn’t do a CCRC with 30 skilled beds, because that’s a financial model that wouldn’t work. It would end up being a burden,” Tutera said.
Written by Alex Spanko
Tutera Senior Living
Alex Spanko
Alex covers the skilled nursing industry for Aging Media Network, with a particular focus on the intersection of finance and policy. Outside of work, he reads nonfiction, experiments in the kitchen, enjoys pretty much any type of whiskey or scotch, and yells at Mets games from his couch — often all at once.
CCRC Executive Directors See Salaries Up Nearly 4% in 2019
Meet the ‘A-Team’ Behind This $300M Zen-Inspired CCRC
High-Rise CCRC The Admiral Commits to Wellness, Tech in New Strategy
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Bike Tour of SF Sewers Plumbs Local Depths
By Matt Baume
It was almost a year ago that San Francisco was surprised by a flash flood that swept up out of the sewer system into the streets. Geysers sprayed from manholes and gushed down into the subway, leaving intersections and tunnels nearly impassible beneath a mixture of rainwater and raw sewage.
“People either don’t want to talk about sewage, or as soon as they flush it they want it to be gone,” said Miles Epstein, an artist at Workspace in the Mission. Within minutes of the sewer eruption, a foot of water had filled the gallery. “On that day in October when the water came up out of the floor drains, it was front and center in our lives,” he recalled.
And it’s remained a focus ever since. This Wednesday at 7pm, Epstein hosts Fathoming, a preview bike-tour of San Francisco’s sewer systems, accompanied by a panel talk on local water history and a watery art show.
The timing and location of last year’s flood was coincidental: Workspace just happened to be showing a series of films about water, and the building itself was previously a laundry warehouse. When the Department of Public Works came to assess the flood damage and begin repairs, they began to talk with Epstein about water, and the groundwork for Fathoming was formed.
The event kick-off Wednesday will feature a panel including local artist Judy West alongside water experts Greg Braswell and Joel Pomerantz.
Pomerantz, a fixture of the local water history scene (yes, there’s a local water history scene), is looking forward to the talk. “We’re presenting about the history of Mission Creek and why it became the neighborhood’s first sewer,” he said, “then why it stopped being used as a sewer, and what replaced it, including the Grunksy plan in 1899, which still holds water, so to speak, in the city’s sewer design.”
Speakers will also touch on future plans for sewerage as well as for natural water sources like springs and creeks, as well as the hotly contested historical configurations of bodies of water such as the lagoon that is said to have once bordered Dolores Park.
Our wastewater system is currently at a turning point. Over a hundred years old, it’s becoming increasingly difficult for the system to conform to environmental regulations. Overflows like the major event last Ocotober happen several times throughout the year, though seldom as visibly. Over the next few years, DPW engineers will formulate plans for the next generation of cleaner, safer wastewater disposal.
Wednesday night’s “sewer geek-out panel” is an excellent guided peek into that process. It’ll be followed by a bike tour on Saturday, meeting at 2pm at Workspace, and returning for a 5pm art party. Featured artists include Terri Saul, Miles Epstein, Hughen/Starkweather, Linda Gass, and Leo Germano.
“Yes, there are rivers under San Francisco,” says the event announcement, then adds, “No, we will not be riding inside the sewer.”
Filed Under: Bicycling
Sewer History Bike Tour and Art Party
By Bryan Goebel | Sep 20, 2010
Who: A group of sewer historians, stormwater experts, artists and visionaries. What: A two day event featuring a panel discussion of the water history of San Francisco, a bicycle tour with sewer highlights, and an art party to celebrate water, our streets, and everything in between. When: Tour preview: 7pm Wed. Sept 22 […]
Touring San Francisco’s Historic Sewer System
By Matt Baume | Oct 4, 2010
The Mission is more than just a meeting point for different cultures: it’s also a meeting point for different waters. Hundreds of years ago, two water sources converged along what is now Folsom Street. During rainy season, fresh water flowed east down from Twin Peaks, aligning roughly with today’s 14th and 18th Streets. Those streams […]
SF Bike Coalition Rec Ride: History of San Francisco Sewers Part 2
By Aaron Bialick | Sep 5, 2011
From SFBC: The Sewer Ride returns! Join this above-ground, member-led biking tour of the San Francisco sewer system. Local historians and storm water enthusiasts will take us back in time, help us understand our watershed, and immerse us in sewer history. Find out what happens when we flush! Focus will be on the Mission District […]
This Week in Livable Streets Events
This week, the AC Transit Board of Directors considers service reductions while the SFMTA Board gets a year end report. End the week by attending a workshop on greening your street and then get a fascinating bike tour of the city’s sewer system. Here the highlights from the Streetsblog calendar: Tuesday: The SFMTA Board holds […]
Bike Tour Taps San Francisco’s Water Innovations
By Matt Baume | Jul 27, 2010
Blair Randall shows off the rain barrels. Photo: Matt Baume When most San Franciscans turn on a faucet, they’ll see water that’s traveled as far as two hundred miles from Hetch Hetchy Valley in Yosemite National Park. But that’s not the case for some locally-minded gardeners, for whom careful water stewardship is as important as […]
SFPUC: A Pedal Powered Tour of Green Infrastructure
By Robert Prinz | Nov 1, 2012
From SFPUC: Slow it! Spread it! Sink it! SF Bicycle Tour: A Pedal Powered Tour of Green Infrastructure in San Francisco Did you know 9.5 billion gallons of rainwater flow through the city’s sewer system and into the Bay and Ocean every year? The City is committed to designing innovative ways to keep that water […]
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