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__label__cc	0.678534	0.321466	How difficult it can be to implement the law My aims are to discuss the legislation and how it can be implemented into a welfare setting and how difficult it can be to implement the law. I will look at legislation and the mind field it can be, discrimination, how employers do it without realising, how our work place’s can and should be non-judgemental. I will look at individualism, client choice, and look at social perception and stereotyping. I work within a community project, the project has been set up to relieve the effects of poverty and social deprivation within the county borough of Conwy by collecting unwanted furniture, household goods and domestic appliances and redistributing them at low cost to individuals and families on low income throughout the county borough. The project provides work placements and training to individuals from the disadvantaged labour market. The objectives are to work within a local and national framework designed to promote social inclusion. To help relieve socio-economic problems caused by debt burden on low income families. To give real work experience, an individual structured training plan and job search skills all within a supportive environment to unemployed individuals, empowering them and helping them access unsubsidised sustainable employment within the local job market. The training placements are for fixed term 4 and 6-month contracts. The project must endeavour to change people’s behaviour, we must change people’s views on waste and the trainees must believe they can find full time employment. Legislation is described in the oxford dictionary, as being “the act or process of making laws”. The disability discrimination act defines a disabled person as someone with a “physical or mental impairment, which has substantial and long term effect on his ability to carry out normal day to day activities”. Its aims are to end discrimination which many disabled people face, by giving disabled people rights in the areas of Employment- Access to goods, facilities and service- Buying or renting land or property. Education, Schools colleges and other educational establishments must publish a disability statement in their annual report, which must give information about the arrangements they have made for the admission of disabled pupils. The government also set minimum standards so that disabled people can use public transport easily. * Part 1 of the disability and discrimination act looks at Disability, meaning of “disability” and “disabled person”. * Part 2 covers Employment, discrimination by employers and the meaning of discrimination. * Part 3 covers Discrimination in other areas, goods, facilities and services. * Part 4 covers Education and the education of disabled persons. * Part 5 covers Public transport, including taxis and designated facilities. A person has a disability for the purposes of this act if he has a physical or mental impairment, which has a substantial and long-term adverse effect on his ability to catty out normal day-to-day activities. I found the act did not define normal clearly enough, part 1 section 3(3) A tribunal or court determining, for the purpose of this act, whether an impairment has a substantial and long-term adverse effect on a persons ability to carry out normal day to day activities, shall take into account any guidance which appears to it to be relevant. With in my work place we recently took on a young girl called Rachel who had only 25% hearing. The act in its self does not make it clear whether she would be classed as normal. We took as many precautions as we could. The act states that we would discriminate against her or a disabled employee if we treated her less favourably, by not making reasonable adjustments. It was only when we carried out a fire drill that we realised that the evacuation process relied on an audible bell alarm with the appointed staff shouting “fire”. This would of course cause Rachel problems with not hearing the alarm. We could not afford to put in a new alarm system with flashing lights; we have appointed three people to be responsible for locating Rachel and evacuating her if there is a fire. Part 2 of the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 (C.50) section 4 states it is unlawful for an employer to discriminate against a disabled person (a) In the arrangements which he makes for the purpose of determining to whom he should offer employment (b) In the terms on which he offers that person employment: or (c) By refusing to offer, or deliberately not offering, him employment. Section 4 (2) also states it is unlawful for an employer to discriminate against a disabled person whom he employs The project I work for offers short term work placements for individuals from the disadvantaged labour market, this in its self is discriminatory, we are not funded for those who are not excluded, only for those who are excluded. By only offering employment to a smaller group will also exclude a vast amount of disabled people. As Section 4 (5) states you can by virtue of section 55, discriminate against a person who is not disabled. Section 6 looks at where, the section offers examples of steps which an employer may have to take in relation to a disabled person in order to comply with subsection (1) of the act. (a) making adjustments to premises (b) allocating some of the disabled persons duties to another person (c) transfer him to fill an existing vacancy (d) altering his working hours (e) acquiring or modifying equipment (f) modifying instruction or reference manuals (g) providing a reader or interpreter (h) providing supervision To provide these changes it would be a costly process, my work is community funded with very little money provided for property or facility improvements. We would also have to provide adjustable racking for wheel chair users for furniture and electrical displays, we may be able to provide short- term help, but long-term solutions most be the best solutions. The Act should provide a guide to funding streams, to help provide employers with the funds and resources to implement a non discriminative environment. Disabled people can be wrongly stereotyped, people have a tendency to : * Stereotype disabled people as passive, dependent and in need of care (and sympathy); * emphasise the negative effects of impairment; and * treat disabled people as problems (rather than as people with problems caused by the social arrangements which undermine their autonomy and exclude them from mainstream society) (Thompson 2001) We must be careful, people are not disabled, they are disabled people or even people with disabilities. Much work needs to be done before equality of opportunity can become a reality for disabled people. The charitable approach which presents disabled people as objects of pity and sympathy has a long legacy, and so its influence and consequences will not wither away overnight. Its is important that we are non- judgemental and do not judge peoples worth by the part they play in production process and the creation of wealth. Disabled people are people first, this seems a straight forward statement but it something which is not always recognised. The central concept in developing disabled people is that of empowerment. Traditional approaches to disability continued to disempower people with an impairment, to deprive them of aspects of control over their own lives. To give disabled people Individualism then they must be treated as individual and not discriminated because of the disability. The laws aim is to provide us with a fair society, for people to have the choice where they want to work will mean “The law and policy cannot alter the way in which people act, but aims to promote a fair society” discuss this statement with reference to one or more of the following pieces of legislation (wherever possible make reference to your work place / voluntary work placement): * 1990 NHS and Community Care Act * 1989 Children Act * 1995 Disability Discrimination Act Investigate how an organisation has had to comply with current legislation on access to leisure Rights and Equality of Opportunity not help and sympathy Equality and diversity and ways to promote inclusion with your learners Asylum Seekers and Refugees Is The Need To Prevent Individuals Harming Other Human Beings The Only Sound Justification For Government Action	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6548
__label__cc	0.501589	0.498411	Credible polls, please – The Nation Any foreigner or Nigerian in the Diaspora who listened to the spokesman of the Nigeria Police Force, Mr. Jimoh Moshood, as he appraised the public on security arrangement for the Osun poll would think a fierce battle is raging in the state. But all that is scheduled to hold tomorrow in the ‘State of the Living Spring’ is an election to produce a new governor and the Deputy Inspector- General of Police (Operations), Mr. Joshak Habilla, has been deployed to take charge of all police activities. He is being assisted by an Assistant Inspector- General of Police, eight police commissioners, 40,000 personnel and critical units, including the Mobile Force, Bomb Disposal Unit , among others. Everything points at police activities nationwide being shut down for what should be a simple civic duty. In other parts of the world, including African countries, elections are not allowed to disrupt social, economic and political activities. Here, not only is a whole armament including two patrol helicopters, 30 armoured personnel carriers and 300 patrol vehicles being deployed, life is practically shut down from 12 midnight tonight until after the election, as there would be no vehicular movement. This is a convenient point for all involved to begin plans to change this now all too familiar template. Nigerians are human and generally peace loving and do not need a militarised environment to cast their votes. We call on the Federal Government, the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC), security agencies, the political parties and candidates, as well as the electorate to conduct themselves as decent people in accordance with the code of conduct. Almost 58 years after independence, and 19 years into the current democratic dispensation, we ought to have progressed beyond the phase where undue brigandage, politics of bitterness and barefaced manipulation of the process is the order of the day. In the build-up to tomorrow’s election, the usual brickbats, unfounded allegations against opponents and the electoral umpire and inflammatory statements were again being hurled across party lines. We call on the umpires and security agents to be neutral and professional in their conduct. They should not fall prey to politicians’ tricks; they should in fact realise that they would one day be made to account for their actions. Those who were illegally used to manipulate the Ekiti election in 2014 have since been exposed and dealt with. Those who used them are no longer in position to shield them from the long arms of the law. All the agencies involved in conducting the Osun poll in the 3,764 polling units across the 332 wards in the state should realise that they are agents of state writing history and giving indication of how the 2019 general elections would go. The 1.2 million registered voters owe themselves the duty of voting according to their conscience. The shameful purchase of votes that characterised the July 14 Ekiti governorship election should be checked, at least at the polling stations and in the full glare of foreign and domestic observers. We hope Nigeria would one day rise beyond any form of inducement to vote in candidates at elections. Almost four years after the 2015 general elections, and with many bye elections already conducted since then, the card reader machines ought to have been perfected. That they still did not work perfectly in the Ekiti election is an indication that something may be fundamentally wrong with the design and manufacturing. We hope, as Professor Mahmood Yakubu, the INEC chairman has indicated, they have indeed been overhauled for this exercise as a means of giving confidence to all stakeholders. Whatever INEC and the security agents make of superintending the Osun governorship poll will signpost what to expect next year. Previous: Between Discos and FG – Tribune Next: EU leaders dismiss Theresa May’s Brexit plan	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6549
__label__cc	0.575366	0.424634	Fisgard Association Regional Events Scotland & North-East Members & Guests Photo supplied by Bob Sherriff. Pie & a Pint - September 2016 Pie & a Pint - September 2016 https://thefisgardassociation.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=565&Itemid=1130#sigProId5d9202ab17 Autumn Reunion & Luncheon at Rosyth Civil Service Club. Photos supplied by Bob Sherriff & Bryan Rayner. Table Plan Table Plan Table 1 Table 1 Tables 4, 5 & 6 Tables 4, 5 & 6 https://thefisgardassociation.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=565&Itemid=1130#sigProId27eb91227e Pre-Christmas Pie & Pint Lunch at Perth Ex-Servicemens Club. Photos supplied by Bob Sherriff. https://thefisgardassociation.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=565&Itemid=1130#sigProIdb08e2e0462 Pie & Pint Lunch at Perth Ex-Servicemens Club. Photos supplied by Bob Sherriff. https://thefisgardassociation.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=565&Itemid=1130#sigProIdf7b401c41f https://thefisgardassociation.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=565&Itemid=1130#sigProIdf66d7093c8 West Midlands Area Members & Guests An inaugural and successful West Midlands gathering was held at Ye Old Red Horse in Evesham on the 19th September. Although only five members attended plus one brave supporting lady (Francis Newton) there were a fair number of apologies from members who would be interested to attend in the future. Attendees were Mike Newton S21, John Fleck S21, Gordon Duffy S33, Brian Layt S14 and Terry White S49. The intention is to hold another lunch during the first two weeks in January probably in Pershore. Regards Gordon Duffy https://thefisgardassociation.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=565&Itemid=1130#sigProId8df29d4c9a New Year Lunch at the Angel Hotel, Pershore, Worcestershire. https://thefisgardassociation.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=565&Itemid=1130#sigProId637ec2ec92 Summer Lunch at the Angel Hotel, Pershore, Worcestershire. https://thefisgardassociation.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=565&Itemid=1130#sigProId7c732236dc North-West Area Members & Guests Photos supplied by Bill Lowe, Roger Newman, Mike Ottewell & Colin Menzies. Christmas Lunch 2004 Christmas Lunch 2004 Lunch at the Barn Owl 2009 Lunch at the Barn Owl 2009 Christmas Lunch at the Barn Owl 2014 Christmas Lunch at the Barn Owl 2014 https://thefisgardassociation.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=565&Itemid=1130#sigProId8d541245c0 Southern Area Members & Guests Photos supplied by Don Murdoch, John Stupples, Norman Bland & Malcolm Howard. Lunch at Highbury 2002 Lunch at Highbury 2002 Lunch at Chimes Restaurant 2008 Lunch at Chimes Restaurant 2008 Lunch at The Jolly Roger 2009 Lunch at The Jolly Roger 2009 Lunch at the Brushmakers Arms 2011 Lunch at the Brushmakers Arms 2011 https://thefisgardassociation.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=565&Itemid=1130#sigProIdcc81a9fc04 Members & Guests Christmas Lunch at the Royal Maritime Club, Portsmouth. https://thefisgardassociation.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=565&Itemid=1130#sigProId52b0eebbaf Pie & a Pint Lunch at The Cart & Horses, Kingsworthy. https://thefisgardassociation.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=565&Itemid=1130#sigProIdb894823d35 South-West Area Members & Guests Members & Guests Christmas Lunch at the Dartmoor Inn, Lydford. https://thefisgardassociation.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=565&Itemid=1130#sigProId947bfcc587	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6550
__label__wiki	0.658579	0.658579	Tag: Headley What was the Al-Qaeda link to the 26/11 attack? The Al-Qaeda had nothing to do with the attack and it was entirely an operation by the Lashkar-e-Tayiba. However there are two points that could be drawn up to suggest that the Al-Qaeda had a remote idea of what was about to take place on 26/11. The Ilyas Kashmiri link and the fact that Osama had met with Abdul Rehman Pasha, the former major in the Pakistan army who incidentally was Headley handler initially. Read more Author Vicky NanjappaPosted on May 23, 2015 Categories Vicky NanjappaTags 26/11 attacks, abdul rehman pasha, Al-Qaeda, Headley, Ilyas Kashmiri, Lashkar-e-Taybia, oneindia.com, Osama, Vicky Nanjappa, ]Leave a comment on What was the Al-Qaeda link to the 26/11 attack? Ishrat case- Pakistan is laughing at us Pic: Outlook.com There appears to be no end to the fight between the two premier agencies of our country- The Intelligence Bureau and the Central Bureau of Investigation. The Ishrat Jahan case is what they are fighting over. Over the past couple of days this fight and the latest revelation by an officer that the Indian government was involved both in the 26/11 and Parliament attacks has been lapped up very willingly by the Pakistan media. Will this hurt our security especially since there appears to be a lot happening which favours Pakistan. Amar Bhushan, former special secretary with the Research and Analysis Wing says that the country’s leadership is to be blamed. In this interview with rediff.com, Bhushan says this hurts our fight against terror very badly since Pakistan will do nothing but laugh at us and throw papers back when we seek a terrorist from their soil. Continue reading “Ishrat case- Pakistan is laughing at us” Author Vicky NanjappaPosted on July 20, 2013 July 20, 2013 Categories TerrorismTags 26/11, Amar Bhushan, Headley, IB vs CBI, Ishrat Jahan case, RAW, Vicky Nanjappa5 Comments on Ishrat case- Pakistan is laughing at us Ishrat- NIA bats for Govt. There is likely to be further confusion on the Ishrat Jahan case with the National Investigation Agency stating that there was no mention of the lady by David Coleman Headley. The National Investigation maintains that there was no mention about Ishrat Jahan by Headley during their mammoth questioning Headley who is lodged in a US jail. NIA sources tell rediff.com that their primary focus was the 26/11 case and that is what they intended to find out more about during their questioning of Headley. Any reference to the Ishrat Jahan case by Headley would mean that the 26/11 case would be diluted. Moreover what we had found that there was no proper evidence of what he was trying to say and we felt that it was more of hearsay. Continue reading “Ishrat- NIA bats for Govt.” Author Vicky NanjappaPosted on July 16, 2013 Categories TerrorismTags 26/11, 26/11 case, Headley, Ishrat Jahan case, NIA, Vicky Nanjappa1 Comment on Ishrat- NIA bats for Govt. More evidence, more delays and the Headley case The Home Ministry a couple of days back informed that the probe regarding David Headley has been completed. However there continues to be a slight delay where the filing of the chargesheet is concerned. Sources informed that the case of David Headley is quite an easy one when compared to the Tawwahur Rana case. Headley’s case largely rests on the confession made by him and this has helped investigating agencies to build up a strong case. However today the NIA is waiting for some more documents from the United States of America and only once that reaches them will the chargesheet be filed. A source in the NIA said that the emails and other transcripts used by Headley are with them. However the biggest problem in order to make it a water tight case would be the voice samples which unfortunately are in Pakistan. It is not so much of an issue to file the chargesheet against Headley since the case against him individually is a water tight one. The issue remains the others especially those in the Pakistan establishment who were connected with Headley and this is where the reliance on the other countries come into the picture. The NIA says that Pakistan has agreed in principle to hand over the voice samples. The case to this effect is in court and a lot would depend on that. It is to be seen how much an influence the ISI would have on the judicial procedures, because the agency would try its best to avoid these voice samples getting out Pakistan since the entire focus would be on them. The US will however play a vital role in this exercise and it is to be seen whether they would lead this exercise to persuade Pakistan to hand over the voice samples to India. The NIA says that it is however not too hopeful that it would get the voice samples, but they would continue to make efforts. The NIA has with it all the details regarding the trips made by Headley to India. The persons who he met with and those who he had sought help from. However the evidence has not been too forthcoming on any of the local contacts that Headley had been in touch with and the fact of the matter is that no one really knew what he was up to. There were many persons with whom Headley had interacted in India, but during the trial all these persons will be turned into witnesses who would in turn have to testify against Headley. There is a confession by Headley in which he speaks about his India tour. The issue however is that the Indian law is a bit linient towards persons who have confessed to their crime. However this would not be sufficient for the NIA since they would want a harsh order against him. Although it would not be possible to sentence him since he has a plea bargain not to be shifted out of the US, they would still like to make a strong statement on this case since this is really their first Big case. There are aspects of Headley’s confession which do not make the role of the Pakistani establishment very clear. In fact he has been edgy and chosen to avoid a lot of things. This is where the real role of the NIA began and they started to build up their own case with regard to Headley’s association with the Pakistani establishment. While bringing out this aspect during the trial in India, the court would realise that Headley’s confession reeks in malafide and the order against him would be strong. In this regard India does find the need to wait for more evidence from the US and if possible from Pakistan. They have sent letters to Pakistan, but at the end of it would request the US to pressurise it to get them that bit of evidence regarding the voice samples which is very crucial to the case. NIA sources say that unless and until there is clarity regarding this aspect they would not want to go ahead with the chargesheet. We want one final chargesheet and do not want to file one immediately and then go in for an additional one. Another issue that the NIA has been discussing is that they would want the Rana and the Headley case to be part of the same chargesheet. Their cases are inter connected and their offenses committed in India are inter-linked and it is not as though both have been on separate assignments. The NIA says where Rana is concerned the documents are expected to take a while longer. Moreover they have not managed to get access to him as yet and that would be possible only once his appeal is complete. Rana has only played the role of a second fiddle to Headley. Although we would prefer to file the chargesheet against the two of them together, we would still take a final call on that depending on how long the Rana case takes. If we get the remainder of the Headley documents early and find that the Rana case is taking too long then we may just go ahead with the chargesheet and the Rana aspect could be added in the additional chargesheet attached to the main one. As of now the case that has been booked against Headley is the one pertaining to waging a war against the country. He has already pleaded guilty on 12 charges. However the case against Rana on conspiracy was dismissed and an appeal is on at the moment. Author Vicky NanjappaPosted on August 26, 2011 Categories David Headley, Tawwahur Rana, TerrorismTags Headley, NIA, Rana, Vicky Nanjappa1 Comment on More evidence, more delays and the Headley case Can India nail the Kashmiri-26/11 link? Photo courtesy: http://1.bp.blogspot.com/ The statement by US State Department spokesman Mark Toner has been a very encouraging one for Indian investigating agencies probing the David Headley case He had said yesterday that they would look into it and also consider further access to Headley if the need be. This is a very encouraging statement for India, since somewhere down the line during the course of the Headley trial, Indian agencies felt a bit let down when he suddenly went soft on the ISI. The trial had begun with a lot of promise and during the first half Headley had spoken considerably about the ISI. However in the second half he appeared to have gone soft on the ISI and said that the top management never knew about the attack. Officers who interrogated Headley the last time say that there was not a lot of new information that came out. This was largely due to the plea bargaining that Headley had entered into and this actually gave him the security not to divulge more than what he had already said at first. Thanks to this legal issue, there were many questions that remained unanswered and there was not much scope to ask further questions. However if at all we do manage to get access to him the second time, the questioning would be slightly different. We would be armed with his testimony before the court and also the verdict of the court at Chicago. This would give the Indian investigating agencies more room to interrogate Headley since there will be some fresh questions that would be need to be asked. The point that India is looking to make in this case is the ISI angle to the case. Although Headley did the turn around and said only a select few of the ISI were involved in this attack. However India has maintained that this attack was completely sponsored by the establishment. The new angle would also be the Ilyas Kashmiri angle which is today being spoken about in the Pakistani media. Kashmiri himself had made a claim to the Late Salim Shehzad that it was the Al-Qaeda which planned the attack and was later hijacked by the ISI. It is a well known fact that David Headley was closely associated with Kashmiri and they did share a lot during the time of the Mickey Mouse project. India would look to get more information on this aspect and whether Headley and Kashmiri had discussed anything about the 26/11 plot. This would be a very interesting aspect since if Indian agencies do manage to confirm this through Headley then the entire case would have a new dimension. This would not only attribute the attack to the Al-Qaeda but would nail the ISI which eventually cleared or hijacked the attack. India does hope that the second round of interrogation, if at all granted access would be a more productive one. We are yet to ascertain whose help Headley had taken locally to go about his work. This continues to remain a dark part of the investigation since it is impossible that only he and Rana may have gone about this job all by themselves, sources also said. Author Vicky NanjappaPosted on June 3, 2011 February 22, 2012 Categories David Headley, TerrorismTags 26/11, Headley, Ilyas Kashmiri, ISI, Mark Toner, Tawwahur Rana, US, Vicky Nanjappa4 Comments on Can India nail the Kashmiri-26/11 link? Top 50 on India’s most wanted list From Left: Hafiz Mohammed Saeed, Dawood Ibrahim and Zaki ur Rehman Lakhvi Dawood Ibrahim may be number 2 on the worlds most wanted list, but for India the top man is Hafiz Saeed. He tops the list today of being India’s most wanted and has been termed as India’s Osama Bin Laden post 26/11. Dawood Ibrahim, the primary financer of the ISI and its terror affiliates figures 8th on the list of India’s most wanted. The list of the top 50 remains the same, but the order has changed. The new inclusions in the list are the Pakistan majors who had aided David Headley. Apart from this the list finds the regulars from the D gang, Indian Mujahideen and also those involved in spreading terrorism in Punjab. The list of fugitives on this list are either hiding in Pakistan, Bangladesh or the Gulf. Hafiz Mohammed Saeed: The big boss of the Lashkar-e-Tayiba, he is the main person behind the 26/11 massacre. A blue eyed boy of the ISI, Hafiz Saeed is a provocative speaker and it is said that a large chunk of the recruitment process in Pakistan is dependant on his speeches which are fiery in nature. His names figures on top of every chargesheet that has been filed in India for terror attacks carried out by the Lashkar. Sajid Majid: An unheard of name, this man came into the limelight post 26/11. His name came up repeatedly during the David Headley interrogation and it was established that he was the handler with whom Headley stayed in touch during his India operation. A red corner notice has already been issued against him by India. Syed Hashim Abdur Rehman Pasha: The main coordinator in the Headley case, he retired from the Pakistan army in the year 2007 following which he was on the rolls of the Lashkar. Although Pakistan continues to deny that this man had anything to do with Headley, he has been named by the United States Justice Department during the Headley case. He stayed in touch with Headley during the operation and it is said that the there are telephonic conversations between him and Headley to support the case. Headley too in his interrogation told the NIA about the role played by Pasha. Major Iqbal: Charged now by the United States for taking part in the 26/11 attack, this man is said to be an officer in the ISI. During the Headley operation, he was said to be the main handler and guided Headley through the operation. He is currently in Pakistan and his name will come up once again when the Rana trial takes place on May 16th. Illyas Kashmiri: The Chief of the Al-Qaeda’a 313 brigade. Primarily dedicated to the cause at Afghanistan, he had a falling out with the ISI when they wanted him to stay away from India and continue his war against the US. However Kashmiri came to the limelight when he claimed that the 26/11 plot was initially hatched by him but hijacked by the ISI to help the Lashkar. His name once again cropped due to his association with Headley and the latter had said that the two had planned on staging more attacks in India. Rashid Abdullah: This man also goes by the alias Rehan and is an operative of the Lashkar. His primary job was to arrange for local contacts during terrorist strikes on Indian soil. Currently hiding in Bangladesh, it is said he was sent there to mobilize forces to carry out strikes on Indian soil. Major Sameer Ali: An officer in the Pakistan army, his name cropped up during the Headley case. He is believed to have worked closely with Major Iqbal during the 26/11 operation and had helped Headley too. Dawood Ibrahim: India’s fugitive don is number 2 on the world list. Termed as a terrorist by the United States of America, Dawood is currently in Pakistan under the protection of the ISI. His primary role is to raise funds through fake currency and the drug trade. Also he is wanted in the 1993 serial bombings at Bombay. He is also primarily responsible for creating routes for Lashkar operatives which are already in use for his drug trade. Memon Ibrahim: A close aide of Dawood Ibrahim and was one of the key accused in the 1993 serial blasts. He is said to be hiding in Pakistan and furthering the business of the D gang. Chota Shakeel: Dawood’s right hand man, Shakeel is more wanted for extortions in India. He also has a major role in all D company related operations in India. Memon Abdul Razak: Known as Tiger Memon, he alongwith other co accused persons hatched a criminal conspiracy to cause terrorist acts in India. In pursuance of the said conspiracy, he arranged weapon training for co accused persons in Pakistan. Arranged smuggling of RDX, chalking of plans for explosions in 1993. Anis Ibrahim: Brother of Dawood Ibrahim hiding in Pakistan today. He is a key member of the D gang and has control over the business in the Gulf areas. Abu Hamza: His name first cropped up during the Indian Institute of Science attack at Bangalore. Following this attack, he was packed off to Pakistan and was put in charge of organizing attacks from there. He came into the limelight once again post 26/11. He was one of the handlers who was on the phone with the terrorists who carried out the attack. He was made a handler after the Lashkar realised that his skills on the field were not up to the mark. Today he continues to be in Pakistan and is one of the primary handlers of the Lashkar since the outfit found him to be a better motivator and a planner when compared to a foot soldier. Zaki-ur-Rehman-Lakhvi: The number two on the Lashkar hierarchy, he goes by the name of Lakvhi chacha for all his cadres. While his boss Saeed is the ideological face of the Lashkar, Lakvhi is more in charge of operations and recruitments. He was the one who personally oversaw all aspects pertaining to recruitments and training for the 26/11 attack. Maulana Masood Azhar: A key figure in the valley, this Jaish-e-Mohammad. He focus had always been on Kashmir and is accused of carrying out mass killings in the valley. However his name came to the limelight during the Khandahar hijack case where the hijackers traded passengers for his release. Syed Salahuddin: The supreme commander of the Hizbul Mujahideen and runs the all powerful United Jihad Council. His war has been primarily in Kashmir and latest reports suggest that he is becoming a menace to the US also. Under the HM, he organized forces to fight in Kashmir and later he formed the UJC which is said to be closely associated with the Al-Qaeda. There is not much spoken about this man since he always maintains a low profile. He is extremely close to the Pakistani establishment and more or less does exactly what they want. There have not been any reports of any rebellion from his side which puts him on par with the likes of Saeed and Lakhvi who are the blue eyed boys of the ISI in Pakistan. The rest of them: Anwar Ahmed Haji Jamal Mohammed Dosa Javed Chikna Salim Abdul Ghazi Riyaz Khatri Munaf Halari Mohammed Salim Mujhahid Khan Bashir Ahmed Yakub Yeda Khan Mohammed Memon Irfan Chaugule Feroz Rashid Khan Ali Moosa Sagir Ali Shaikh Aftab Batki Maulana Mohammed Masood Azhar Salauddin Azam Cheema Syed Zabiuddin Jabi Ibrahim Athar Azhar Yusuf Zahur Ibrahim Mistri Akhtar Sayeed Mohammed Shakir Rauf Abdul Amanullah Khan Sufiyan Mufti Nachan Akmal Pathan Yaqoob Khan CAM Bashir Lakhbir Singh Rode Paramjit Singh Pamma Ranjit Singh Wadhawa Singh Zaki ur Rehman Lakhvi Amir Raza Khan Author Vicky NanjappaPosted on May 11, 2011 Categories TerrorismTags 26/11, Abu Hamza, Anis Ibrahim, Chota Shakeel, D-Gang, Dawood Ibrahim, Hafiz Saeed, Headley, Illyas Kashmiri, IM, India's most wanted list, ISI, Lashkar, LeT, Major Iqbal, Major Sameer Ali, Maulana Masood Azhar, Memon Ibrahim, Osama, Pakistan, Rashid Abdullah, Sajid Majid, Syed Hashim Abdur Rehman Pasha, Syed Salahuddin, US, Vicky Nanjappa, Zaki-ur-Rehman Lakhvi4 Comments on Top 50 on India’s most wanted list What will NIA ask Rana? The National Investigating Agency is all geared up to question Tawwahur Rana, an accused in the 26/11 case who will be facing trial in the United States of America later this month. NIA sources say that the questionnaire for Rana would be more on the lines of the David Headley one, but there would be more additions to it once his testimony before the US court is complete. Although the ISI links of Rana will be the prime focus of the questioning, India would be looking to get more information regarding the role played by Rana while helping Headley undertake his mission in India. This is a crucial missing link in the NIA investigation which is looking into the Headley-Rana link to the case. It has been ascertained that Rana had helped Headley with the travel papers to India, but the other unanswered question is whether Rana and Headley had taken the help of any local elements while they were in India. Headley’s interrogation did not give a clear enough picture of the local link and they would be relying upon Rana to get the required information. The next part of the questioning would be obviously the ISI angle to the case. Rana has made it clear that he never worked for the Lashkar-e-Tayiba. He has maintained that he was working for the ISI as an agent and he carried out the job assigned to him since he thought of it as national pride to work for the ISI. Sources say that when India questions him, they would be interested in trying to find out who exactly were the men in the ISI that he reported to. There is Sajid Majid, Major Iqbal and Abu Qahafa who continue to remain a mystery in this entire case. These men are part of the ISI and they have been mentioned by Headley too. However Headley did not go on to provide more information on these men and said that he was not be too sure whether they had given him the real names while dealing with him. Various attempts to find the right names have gone in vain and India would be hoping that Rana will throw more light on these men. The road ahead to get the real identities of these men is going not going to be an easy affair. The NIA says that they will have to depend on voice samples heavily and unless Pakistan offers any sort of cooperation it would be tough to crack this aspect of the case. Pakistan’s interior minister Rehman Malik has assured to provide the voice samples and India feels that if at all he lives up to his word it would be truly helpful to track down these ISI agents. The third aspect of the questioning by the NIA would of course deal with the role of the Lashkar. Although Rana has claimed that he didn’t deal with anyone from the Lashkar, the NIA would still go after this point since a large part of the charge sheet which is under preparation deals with the role of this dreaded outfit. The NIA has not prepared any specific questionnaire on the Lashkar link to Rana as yet. We would wait and see what he has to say at the trial since we do expect that the prosecution will question him about that and based on what he would say, we would question him on this aspect sources also pointed out. Apart from this the questioning would also be based largely on the investigation conducted by the NIA and also on what David Headley had spoken about Rana during his interrogation. This would mean that the NIA chargesheet would be filed only once the questioning of Rana is completed. The trial is expected to complete by the end of May and India expects access to Rana during the later part of June which would mean a chargesheet would be ready by the mid of July, sources also added. Post filing of the chargesheet, India will try and seek an extradition of Rana and if this does not happen they will have to try him and convict him in absentia like how they would do in the Headley case. Currently it is possible to extradite Rana since he has not entered into any plea bargain. Home Secretary, G K Pillai says that they expect that the trial would be completed in two weeks once it commences on May 16th and one will have to wait for that result before commenting further on the case, he also said. Author Vicky NanjappaPosted on May 11, 2011 June 12, 2012 Categories David Headley, TerrorismTags 26/11, Abu Qahafa, G K Pillai, Headley, ISI, Lashkar-e-Tayiba, Major Iqbal, NIA, Rehman Malik, Sajid Majid, Tawwahur Rana, United States of America, Vicky NanjappaLeave a comment on What will NIA ask Rana? German bakery-the goof up and the reprobe The Home Ministry of India termed the German Bakery case as unsolved before handing it over to the National Investigating Agency. The German Bakery case had a lot of significance since it was the first major attack that India faced post 26/11. The NIA today has its task cut out since not only will it have to probe the case afresh but will also have to overcome several obstacles that have been set during the shoddy investigation that the ATS carried out. This case was mired in controversy since day one when the ATS claimed to have made a very important breakthrough. Various theories were being floated at that point of time that the target was part of the David Headley reccee. The first of the arrests was that of Sammad Bhatkal, a resident of Bhatkal in Karnataka. Claiming that he was related to Indian Mujahideen founders, Riyaz and Iqbal Shahbandri Bhatkal, he was picked up from the Mangalore airport. Despite various theories being floated by the ATS, Sammad was released on bail. The next person who was on their radar was a man by the name Maulana Shabir. He was termed as the financer of the blasts and he was being interrogated on these lines. However the ATS found no leads and to make matters worse, there was a hue and cry in his home town of Bhatkal where people said this man has no home of his own and how can he be the financer of the blasts. After the Maulana fiasco, came the Himayath Baigh angle to the case. In their chargesheet, the ATS had named him as an accused. However his arrest and interrogation was not short of drama with Baigh claiming that he had not been given access to his counsel. To add to the embarrassment, Baigh had also stated that he had been picked up much before the German Bakery blasts. There was more embrassment when the ATS chief said that Baigh a chief of the Lashkar-e-Tayiba had visited Pune at the time of the blasts. However a deputy in the same force contradicted the statement saying that Baigh had never visited Pune. The ATS however decided to go ahead with the chargesheet but then again there was a contradiction. The ATS chief, Rakesh Maria had claimed that the blasts were triggered off by a mobile phone, but the same thing does not find a mention in the chargesheet. Going by the events, the NIA has a major task on hand. Sources say that they will first have to go through the investigation conducted by the ATS and preliminarily the finding is that there have not been any forthcoming leads and it appears that the case was conducted in a hurry. The question now is whether this probe will now focus only on the Lashkar and Indian Mujahideen angle. The main link to the Lashkar angle was the fact that David Headley had conducted a survey in some of the places in Pune following which this city was targeted. The NIA itself is seized off the Headley case and so far there was no concrete link showing that the German Bakery was part of his survey. The only concrete Headley-Pune link that they have managed to find is that he had visited the Osho Ashram and had carried out a survey over there considering the number of foreign tourists that visit that place. When asked whether there would be a Hindu angle being probed in this case, sources say that it is too early to tell, but they would be exploring that possibility as well. First on the cards for the NIA would be to inspect the ammunition that has been used in the various blats that have rocked the country. So far they have managed to track the similarities in the routes through which the RDX used for the Mecca Masjid, Samjautha blasts and Ajmer Blasts were brought in. The same exercise would be conducted in the German Bakery blasts as well. In addition to this the NIA would also find the links between the Varanasi and the German Bakery blasts. The Varanasi blasts blast has been credited to the Indian Mujahideen and the Intelligence Bureau had claimed that this blast announced the resurgence of the IM. Sources say that investigations into the German Bakery case may take nearly 5 months to complete. It does not pertain to just one individual case, but there are other cases which are inter-linked and they have to be looked into in depth. Author Vicky NanjappaPosted on April 20, 2011 Categories David Headley, TerrorismTags 26/11, ATS, German Bakery case, Headley, Himayath Baigh, Indian Mujahideen, LeT, Mangalore, Maulana Shabir, NIA, Osho Ashram, Sammad Bhatkal, Shahbandri Bhatkal, Vicky NanjappaLeave a comment on German bakery-the goof up and the reprobe Beware Pakis Rana is speaking India could not have been happier. The confession of Tahhawur Rana which nails the ISI and the Pakistani government is a shot in the arm for the Indian government which has repeatedly reminded Pakistan and also the rest of the world about this. Naming the ISI and the Pakistan government repeatedly and leaving the Lashkar-e-Tayiba out of it clearly indicates that all is not well in the ISI. Documents and investigations show that Rana who worked as a doctor in the Pakistan army for 16 years before settling down in Chicago was also part of the Lashkar-e-Tayiba when the 26/11 attack was carried out. This confession would put Pakistan in a spot of bother because once Rana starts speaking in court which will be coupled by cross examination the names of several persons remotely associated with the 26/11 attack and planning will come out in the open. The onus would then be on Pakistan to bring to justice these persons who Rana would name. The three names that would come out during the course of the trial are that of Major Sameer, Major Iqbal, Colonel Shah and Major Sayeed. The four names mentioned here are all part of the ISI and the Pakistan army. Their names have cropped up during the investigation both by Indian and American agencies. The voice transcripts that have been provided to India by the United States do make a mention of these names and clearly spell out the roles that these men have played. Headley for instance was in touch with Major Iqbal during his operation. This Major was in constant touch with Headley and the latter interacted with him through emails and gave him details about the job he was doing. The other Majors whose names find a mention were all part of the planning and execution of the attack. In the case of Colonel Shah, he was in charge of the maritime aspect of the attack. The Musa Company an elite naval wing of the Pakistan was used during the attack and its officers are the ones who offered training to the terrorists who finally carried out the attack. Shah was part of that team which helped train these terrorists. Another name that India would want out is that of Colonel Abdul Rehman Syed who goes by the name Pasha. India has been saying that this man was another key person in the Headley affair and during the later part of his operation he stayed in touch with Pasha. During one of his visits to Pakistan, Pasha even introduced Headley to Ilyas Kashmiri following which the Mickey Mouse project was discussed. Now Pakistan has always been in denial about the role its establishment had to play in the attack. For the establishment keeping the Lashkar united was of primary importance and hence they had to ensure that a major attack was staged in order to keep the outfit united. While all these aspects would be discussed during the trial, another interesting aspect is the non inclusion of the Lashkar in the Rana confession. There are tensions between the CIA and the ISI and in some pockets the Lashkar troops in Afghanistan have withdrawn from their primary outfit and are fighting alongside the US forces. This suggests that the Lashkar is splitting up and the ISI is not amused with this new development. There have been efforts on part of the ISI to keep the outfit united but some elements have diverted in lure of power and money, sources also point out. If Rana sticks to his confession then the ISI would come under immense pressure and its bluff would be out in the open, sources also point out. India will be looking to lap up this information and use it in their fight against Pakistan. There has not been an official word on the Rana confession as yet, but the trial will be observed carefully. India like the Headley case will have to make good with the information that the US gives out on Rana and a build a case on the basis of that. India would also seek an extradition of Rana in case he does not enter into any sort of plea bargain like what Headley did. If this one too goes that way that the two would be tried in an Indian court in-absentia and convicted accordingly. Author Vicky NanjappaPosted on April 13, 2011 April 13, 2011 Categories TerrorismTags 26/11, CIA, Colonel Abdul Rehman Syed, Colonel Shah, Headley, Ilyas Kashmiri, ISI, Lashkar-e-Tayiba, Major Iqbal, Major Sameer, Major Sayeed, Mickey Mouse project, Pakistan, Pasha, Tahhawur Rana, Vicky Nanjappa1 Comment on Beware Pakis Rana is speaking	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6559
__label__cc	0.556461	0.443539	Holland Land Office Museum celebrating 200 years of its historic building The Holland Land Office Museum opened a new exhibit at 1:30 p.m., Saturday (January 31, 2015), to commemorate 200th anniversary of the building it calls home. The building was the third location built by Joseph Ellicott for the Holland Land Office, where Ellicott and his agents sold property to Western New York's first settlers. That's why they call it the "Birthplace of Western New York." Some of those first deeds, called indentures, will be on display in the new exhibit, along with surveying material as well as other items that made the land office a land office. The exhibit will cover the entire period of land office history, including the War of 1812 and the impact of the Erie Canel on WNY trade. Some of the exhibits will be affixed to panels covered with carpet (the better to hold Velcro) donated by Max Pies Furniture. There's also information on how John Kennedy, the local educator and education reformer, saved the building for Batavia when Henry Ford tried to buy it and move it to his property in Michigan. The exhibit kicks off a series of bicentennial events, including in May the burying of a time capsule. Fifth-graders from throughout Genesee County are being invited to write letters to their future selves to be buried in the time capsule. Any local resident can include a letter or other small item in the time capsule. Call the museum at (585) 343-4727 for more information. The museum was first dedicated Oct. 13, 1894, and it will be rededicated Oct. 13 of this year. Photo: Jeff Donahue, museum director, Jim Owen, museum board member, Phil Pies and Steve Pies of Max Pies Furniture. Article from The Batavian and taken from http://thebatavian.com/tags/history	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6562
__label__cc	0.613293	0.386707	It's Good To Be Pragmatic: An Interview with Helen DeWitt Lee Konstantinou interviews Helen DeWitt There is a strange taboo in our society against ending something merely because it is not pleasant — life, love, a conversation, you name it, the etiquette is that you must begin in ignorance & persevere in the face of knowledge, & though I naturally believe that this is profoundly wrong it’s not nice to go around constantly offending people. — Helen DeWitt, The Last Samurai When you publish a book you do a lot of interviews. It gets harder each time. You try to work out what you want to say. Finally you think you have said the thing that matters, then people cut it out because it’s not right for the publication. So you get new questions by email and it’s hard to go through it again. It’s good to be pragmatic. That is, I say to myself: Be pragmatic! Just write the fucker! Weeks go by. (Meanwhile, just when I think I am going to be pragmatic, the edited version of another interview turns up in my inbox. I go down to the street, I pace up and down smoking, I go back upstairs and do exercises on Khan Academy.) For this interview I decided that I could best talk about unfinished books, work in progress, use of Tuftean information design in fiction and even Lightning Rods — the reason we are having this interview in the first place — if I incorporated a selection of charts in Excel. I open the folder, CRAZY, and start opening files. There are 30 or so files, several hundred worksheets, each with a different chart; at some point I sensibly made a list of the best charts, of which this is a sample: SMOOTHLINES sheet1(15) dark blue b/g, white panel, spiky wings (horizontal) sheet 1(14) DARK BLUE B/G, white panel, spiky wings, vertical 4(16) fabulous. five sets. 3 minute. 4(13) dark blue b/g, white panel, crazy spiral 4(11) stacked area rows, quite nice 4(10) !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 4(9) Oh god oh god oh god 4(8) FABULOUS, these stacked colours with wires connecting 4(7) stacked colours, middle stack a little stump 4(5) like 7 only vertical 4(4) like 5 only not stump 3(13) three stacks, lines crossing – lovely 1 (9) one stack with just three bars, the rest multiple, held up 1 (8) one stack with two bars, the rest multiple, held up 1 (7) one stack with just one colour 1(6) just two stacks. fabelhaft. 1(3)-(5) two stacks below, one above; two above; three above Which is, obviously, great (at some point I will find a way to use this), but meanwhile I am bewildered by the wealth of charts in Excel. What I would REALLY like to do, I decide, is have a single screenshot of the list of files in Cover Flow mode, giving some idea of the wealth of charts rather than relying on the brilliance of any individual chart. I switch to Cover Flow mode and get this: The files, it turns out, are all showing the first page of data tables rather than charts. Which is, obviously, boring. In order to show the wealth of charts I would need to go into 15 or 16 files and move a chart in each to the portion of the file displayed in Cover Flow. Which could be well worth the effort! I try out my sketches of Arntzian Bilderstatistik in Cover Flow: I try out photos of Sheila Heti in a blue wig, which I was thinking of using in a story called “Kagemusha”: The questions I am notionally answering, since you ask, are: “Was there a time when you decided to dedicate yourself to writing? Can you describe how you made that decision? If you hadn’t become a writer what would you have done instead?” But Joey Comeau has come down from Toronto! Yesterday I walked around SoHo with Joey Comeau! A Softer World had come to New York. We sat in a small park and a dogwalker passed with 3 dogs, 1 an amputee: Its front legs were missing, but the dogwalker was having no nonsense and whisked it briskly along. The whole day was like that. I had the best time I’d had all year. If I am pragmatic, if I just write the fucker, I can go out! I can wander the streets of New York with Joey Comeau! Which looks so good. Especially since there is no guarantee that hours of fiddling with Excel, setting it up for that Cover Flow shot, will pay off. There is absolutely no guarantee that the editor of the LARB will not summarily dispatch Excel-in-Cover Flow as a pointless digression. The point is. Forget about writing. There’s a debate, a conflict, a dilemma, that everyone faces. As soon as you start school you are in a credentialed world. In America, especially, everything you do has to be convertible, ultimately, into a credential. Maybe you’re a bored but virtuous student at school, getting straight A’s; maybe there’s something outside school that genuinely excites you. The college application process means that whatever you do outside school is not really outside the system: These are placed in a field of extracurricular activities. And sometimes, of course, the thing that genuinely excites you is the life of the mind — maybe you are in a boring French class but love French and so read Proust independently. You have to find a way to present what you do in a form that is intelligible in the terms of the system. (Steve Jobs and Bill Gates are offered up as proof that you don’t need a college degree — the reason they count as proof is precisely that they converted their passions into something intelligible in terms of the system. Being a billionaire tends to be intelligible in terms of the system.) But of course, the process of conversion, of presentation, sometimes interferes with the thing you liked doing in the first place. Everyone faces that conflict. But it does not drive everyone to the brink of suicide. When I started college I thought I would now lead the life of the mind, rather than making good grades. It wasn’t like that. I hated the intellectual mediocrity, I did not know how to find something better; I attempted suicide for the first time at 19. Afterwards I asked myself: Is there anything, anything at all, that would make it a good thing that I did not die? And I thought: If I could go to Oxford, where the life of the mind is taken seriously, that would make it a good thing. Years later a psychologist told me it was not necessary to commit suicide when alienated by intellectual mediocrity: He had gone to Cornell, with its frat culture, but he had found one friend and it had been all right. He asked me why dealing with my publishers had led to a suicide attempt, and I said, well, if a book is technically challenging it is hard to get it through the machine, but if you want to write a work of genius it is necessary to take risks. He said: Your sanity is more important than writing a work of genius. I thought: Nobody who thinks that will ever write a work of genius. I thought: We all die sooner or later. What I mean is. The Oxford of my imagination was not the Oxford of the actual world. But going to Oxford did transform me intellectually; it was the absolute impossibility of staying where I was, the ability to imagine something better, and the ability to work very hard for it, that took me there. In that sense the Oxford of my imagination was more powerful than the real university: I was trying to live by the standards of something that I had made up in my head, a place where everyone had read Proust in French, every classicist read the whole of Greek tragedy in the original…. If you’re a writer people often do ask: How did you decide to be a writer? (Something like that.) Which slightly misses the point. If you’re an American, born in America, you don’t really understand America: this is something our forefathers made up in their heads, a place millions of people continue to make up in their heads. I went to Oxford and a British Jew introduced me to Kurosawa and Sergio Leone and Dennis Potter, to the power of imaginary Americas…. (I’m guessing this seems to have drifted a long way from Excel, Cover Flow, etc.; these are attempts to make visible the place of an actual world among possible worlds. Meanwhile Joey Comeau and I have agreed to meet tomorrow, and I have had to call off drinks with Joshua Cohen, so the actual world is too much with me.) I once read somewhere that Sean Connery left school at the age of 13 and later went on to read Proust and Finnegans Wake and I keep expecting to meet an enthusiastic school leaver on the train, the type of person who only ever reads something because it is marvellous (and so hated school). Unfortunately the enthusiastic school leavers are all minding their own business. — The Last Samurai I spent nine years in Oxford (B.A., D.Phil., JRF), then decided I could not face the enforced specialization of academia. Spent seven years working on various novels, trying to combine this with various jobs. In 1995 I decided this must stop. I had 100 novels in fragments, including a 300-page single-spaced MS with terrible structural problems. I quit my job: I would write till money ran out. Had terrible argument with my father, could not deal with this big difficult book. Thought: We don’t pick our parents. If we could choose, I would have picked someone better than this. Thought: OK. I can’t work on this book. I will write a novel with a simple structure that can be FINISHED. I will set aside a month and write with NO INTERRUPTIONS. (Story: Son of single mother, obsessed with Seven Samurai, goes in search of better father than the one fate provided.) Did a lot of research, started writing in September 1995 with NO INTERRUPTIONS. Wrote very fast. Chapter about a gambler in 2 days, chapter about a painter in 3. Looked at these pieces of paper which had been blank only days before; thought: This is the real thing. But the book was not finished in a month, I was about to run out of money, had to do freelance secretarial work. (Was desperate to finish the book and get back to the 300-page monster.) A lawyer in my office saw two chapters, thought they were brilliant. His wife wanted to option them for a film. Introduced me to an agent, Stephanie Cabot, who said she could get me an advance on 6 chapters so I could finish the book. Showed drafts to editors who disrupted the book for 18 months with unsolicited advice: Each liked a different bit of the book, wanted to help make the rest of the book like the bit he liked. No one thought the book would benefit from the undivided attention of its author. I was insane. Thought: I am in too weak a position to publish this book. I will take a year. I will write 10 books, each doing just one thing. I will publish one, or two, or three, or four; some day I will be able to publish The Seventh Samurai on my own terms. Lightning Rods was one of the 10 books, the one that happened to get finished first (Mel Brooksian satire on sexual harassment, inspired by The Producers). Another was Lotteryland (Orwellian satire about a country where everything is distributed by lottery, with motivational broadcasts from a Big Brother who sounds like Blair, inspired by Terry Gilliam’s Brazil) — there are some excerpts in Your Name Here, which I wrote a few years ago with Ilya Gridneff. (LL was up to about 65,000 words, so I rather regret including it in YNH — I think that means it can never be published as a book in its own right.) There was Give God a Chance, inspired by A Comedy of Errors, only with three sets of twins separated at birth — I published a brief excerpt in Puerto del Sol a couple of years ago. I compressed parts of a couple of other books into the stories “In Which Nick Buys a Harley for 16K Having Once Been Young” and “The French Style of Mlle Matsumoto.” There were others, but if I think about this too much I’ll get depressed. I got an offer of publication for The Last Samurai in September 1999 — the business partner of the producer who had optioned it showed it to Jonathan Burnham of Talk Miramax Books. He took it to the Frankfurt Bookfair and caused a sensation. He did not want LR, so different from the book that had made me a star, but seeing The Last Samurai into print made it impossible to finish any of the other books. (See above under NO INTERRUPTIONS.) What everyone really wanted was a big, ambitious book like Samurai, a “work of genius.” From a practical point of view, if a book has a linear narrative, is written in a single voice, these things improve the odds of completion: You are unlikely to run into structural problems, so if you return to the book after a long gap the only challenge is resuming the well-established voice. If it involves no research the odds are even better: It is not burdened with a mass of notes, once fresh to the mind, which must be gone over again before work can be resumed. The practical is not, of course, the only point of view. This kind of book can offer a kind of formal satisfaction: The reader learns the rules of the game. Constraints can give it intensity, momentum, energy. A book with many voices offers more variety; it does offer a view into many possible worlds. It seemed to me, after the success of The Last Samurai, that I would be able to look for a publisher who could handle technically challenging books. I was interested in Edward Tufte’s work on information design; I thought this could be used to present mathematical ways of understanding chance in fiction. There was a book about poker, Stolen Luck, that required collaboration with a designer; my publisher agreed to give me this, in a deal for SL and Lightning Rods in 2003, but then changed his mind after the contract was signed. So practical considerations do end up counting for more than they should. Most people see what they want to see. But a salesman can’t afford to see people the way he might like them to be. He has to see them they way they actually are. And he also has to see them the way they’d like to be. Because no matter how badly people want something, if they don’t want to be the kind of people who want that kind of thing you’re going to have an uphill battle persuading them to buy it. — Helen DeWitt, Lightning Rods Getting a sense for a sexual obsession seems to me to be like working out how to play with a cat or dog. If you play with a cat you’ll notice that it likes toys that mimic whatever it is that a cat spots when it hunts birds, small mammals, snakes. (The toy is usually not a realistic copy of the relevant animal; it abstracts, exaggerates the features to which a feline hunter responds. A good toy may consist of nothing much more than a simulation of a tail.) If you go for a long walk with a Labrador you find that it loves having objects thrown into water to be retrieved; the high point of the game is having an object land a long way off in a pond, so that the dog can leap into the water, swim a long way, seize the object, swim back, and deposit it at your feet so you can throw it again. You get a sense for what makes a good game: Retrieving a ball or stick is in itself fun, but it’s better if the object is thrown into water; any water is better than none, but a pond is better than a stream, and a large pond is better than a small one. At the risk of stating the obvious, these are not preferences shared by most humans (you don’t find yourself thinking it would be fun to swim across a pond in pursuit of a ball). So you don’t sympathize in the sense of sharing the preference, but you enjoy observing it in operation. It seemed to me that men often, in fact, see the penis in a way not unlike the way one might see a pet. (There was a popular book in Britain a while back, Man’s Best Friend…) So Joe has his favorite fantasy (a woman is fucked from behind through a hole in the wall, for some reason she has to pretend nothing is happening) — he indulges himself the way he indulges his dog with a smelly old tennis ball. And then he also analyzes what is essential to the fantasy (“those cheerleaders in their little short skirts definitely came ass backwards through the wall”), and the reader watches him watching himself, with something like the amused distance one feels watching a dog. Most fiction does nothing to make us aware of the gulf between cases where intuition serves us well and those (surely far more common) where it does not. It does nothing to show where we should be wary, or how to think through tough cases. Most fiction is confined to the realm of false intuition; it offers us no viewpoint with a better understanding of chance. Which is simply to say that, because we live in a culture with a profound hostility to mathematics, the type of person who writes fiction is likely to be the type of person who shares that hostility and can rely on a large audience which also shares it. — Helen DeWitt, “lies, damn lies and misconceptions,” paperpools (http://paperpools.blogspot.com/2008/03/lies-damned-lies-and-misconceptions.html) [credit: Mark Getz] Let’s take 2 people, A and B. A is a heroin addict. B’s idea of a narcotic is Earl Grey tea. We take a randomly selected infant, toss a coin, and allocate it according to the result of the coin toss: Heads A, Tails B. We repeat the procedure. In 10 trials, the likeliest number of Heads is 5. If we run sequences of 10 trials, though, we shall sometimes have fewer than 5, sometimes more, and the distribution of Heads will follow the familiar Gaussian curve. In 20 trials, the likeliest number of successes is 10 — that is, the Gaussian curve shifts to the right: If we repeat the procedure on a daily basis, the infant’s exposure to misallocation will tend to be rectified with relative frequency — though, on the other hand, the infant will never be guaranteed enjoyment of a good draw for very long. If the procedure is conducted weekly, more hangs on the result; if monthly, quarterly, yearly, more still. I read James Wood’s review of White Teeth, in which he introduced the term “hysterical realism,” a long while back: He complained of novels obsessed with information, novels of relentless vivacity with no real understanding of character. It seemed to me that this way of formulating the objection was only possible in ignorance of Edward Tufte’s work on information design. Tufte is a ferocious critic of what he calls “chartjunk” — charts that enliven data for a supposedly nervous reader; chaos and clutter, he argues, are not features of information, they are features of design. To achieve clarity, add detail. It seems to me that information design offers one way to make visible an individual’s place in a system, and that this might matter for fiction. In Moneyball, Michael Lewis talks about the scout’s eye for an athlete: Potential was judged according to notions of what a good athlete looked like. Sabremetrics made possible a different way of assessing baseball players, a way of measuring contribution to a team; this transformed understanding of the value of players previously considered negligible. We may think of the way a good chessplayer sees a chess position, the way a good poker player sees a poker hand, the way a good bridge player sees a good bridge hand — always in the context of large numbers of other possibilities. Information design might enable the reader to see the world through the eyes of persons with different kinds of expertise — which is to say, among other things, to see the possibilities for misunderstanding among persons with radically different frames of reference. The alternative, too often, is fiction which presents characters drawn to precision rather than the expression of feeling as obsessive, alienated, autistic, antisocial. It’s hard to believe this impoverished view of the world can lead to great fiction. The master swordsman isn’t interested in killing people. He only wants to perfect his art. Orlando Patterson, Slavery and Social Death. Erving Goffman, Asylums. The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. Asylums. Stigma. Marcel Mauss, The Gift. Yardley, Education of a Poker Player. Omar Sharif, Ma vie au bridge. Michel Crozier, Le phénomène bureaucratique. Seligman, Learned Helplessness. Michael Lewis, Moneyball. Zaller, The Nature and Origin of Mass Opinion. Edward Tufte, Envisioning Information. The Visual Presentation of Quantitative Information. Visual Explanations. Beautiful Evidence. Kahneman, Thinking, Fast and Slow. Hurricane Helen By Lee Konstantinou Eureka: Helen DeWitt's "Lightning Rods" By Veronica Scott Esposito Choose Your Own Frustration By Rachel Galvin Perfectly Plausible Worlds By Brian Finney Still Hungry By David Shields Unfinished Form	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6563
__label__wiki	0.679035	0.679035	GAMES Community Developer Spotlight: Treyarch David Welsh@quickermcwild May 17, 2010 12:02 AM Latest Community Posts An open letter to Warcraft Mobile promotion that really paid off GB Latest News Luigi’s Mansion 3 gets a spooky October 31 release date Shadow’s Edge adventure game helps kids cope with chronic disease This post has not been edited by the GamesBeat staff. Opinions by GamesBeat community writers do not necessarily reflect those of the staff. When Call of Duty 3 released in 2006, it created a debate that is culminating with the announcement of Call of Duty: Black Ops. Who is the better CoD developer: Infinity Ward or Treyarch? Most gamers side with Infinity Ward. They created the franchise, and they've developed all of the series' best received entries. Treyarch, however, acted as the relief pitcher, stepping in to give the games two year development cycles and allowing Activision to release the series annually. Now that there has been an exodus from Infinity Ward following the termination of IW leaders Jason West and Vince Zampella, it seems likely that Treyarch will be taking the lead on the series. Raven is rumored to be pulled from their projects in order to work on another Call of Duty game, but Activision has been coy about IW's involvement outside of DLC and an "unannounced project." For years, I've seen forum posts and listened to CoD matches where people think Treyarch is a subpar developer, but I've long been a fan of their work. I first played a Treyarch game with their port of Neversoft's Spider-Man for Dreamcast. While the gameplay and design were still by Neversoft, the fact that the game was ported from PS1 to Dreamcast with no problems was something I could appreciate after experiencing plenty of terrible ports. When Neversoft left the Spider-Man franchise, it was Treyarch who stepped in with several entries in that series. Spider-Man 2 was a revolutionary open world game that advanced Spider-Man's ability to swing through the streets of New York, and Ultimate Spider-Man was the most fun game I had played since Neversoft's original. If you look back at Treyarch's history, you'll find a lot of examples of games like this — solid titles that innovate where they can, but in the end their games are movie adaptations and ports. I've always been a fan of the studio, often enjoying their titles more than their big brothers like IW or Neversoft, but I always lamented the fact that they don't get a chance to just run on their own. They might be destined to work soley on Call of Duty for the next few years if the remnants of Infinity Ward and Raven don't take their place completely. It wasn't until I began writing this article that I realized their history goes way back into the mid-90s. Their first game wasn't a port or licensed kiddy trash as one might expect, it was Die By The Sword. Die By The Sword is mostly forgotten now. It released in 1998, a year where a lot of classic games (Half-Life, Metal Gear Solid) hit the market, so it isn't too surprising that the game was swept in the tides of time. DBTS was an action-adventure game that mapped the character's sword arm to the mouse. This allowed for unparalleled control of your weapon as you hacked and parried through the game. Die By The Sword is now available on Good Old Games if you want to give it a try. Treyarch might have a reputation as Call of Duty's B-team, but they've proven themselves to be one of the most reliable developers in the industry. Activision might be content to have them develop more Call of Duties, but that may not be a bad thing. If Treyarch takes the lead on the series, Activision could finally give them free reign to create a new IP once they prove themselves. At the very least we can hope to see a sequel to Die By The Sword.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6568
__label__wiki	0.798709	0.798709	Pennsylvania Sen. Sean Wiley (D) Cosponsored Bills (143) Email Address: senatorwiley@pasenate.com Senate Box 203049 Harrisburg, PA 17120-3049 Room: 535 Main Capitol Office Hours: 9:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. + − Committees (5) PA - Aging & Youth (Senate) PA - Appropriations (Senate) PA - Banking & Insurance (Senate) PA - Game & Fisheries (Senate) PA - Labor & Industry (Senate) PA - SR356 A Resolution designating the month of May 2016 as "Ehlers-Danlos Awareness Month" in Pennsylvania. PA - SB382 An Act amending the act of March 4, 1971 (P.L.6, No.2), known as the Tax Reform Code of 1971, in city revitalization and improvement zones, further providing for the definitions of "city" and "contracting authority" and for establishment of contracting authority, providing for number of authorized zones and further providing for approval. PA - SR243 A Resolution designating the month of November 2015 as "Epilepsy Awareness Month" in Pennsylvania. PA - SR467 A Resolution designating the month of October 2016 as "Dyslexia Awareness Month" in Pennsylvania. PA - SR281 A Resolution designating February 3, 2016, as "Four Chaplains Day" in Pennsylvania. PA - SB672 An Act providing for a synthetic plastic microbead prohibition. PA - SR303 A Resolution designating the week of March 20 through 26, 2016, as "Poison Prevention Week" in Pennsylvania. PA - SR36 A Resolution designating the week of March 15 through 21, 2015, as "Poison Prevention Week" in Pennsylvania. PA - SB128 An Act amending the act of March 10, 1949 (P.L.30, No.14), known as the Public School Code of 1949, in charter schools, further providing for definitions, for funding for charter schools and for powers and duties of department. PA - SB115 An Act amending the act of April 9, 1929 (P.L.343, No.176), known as The Fiscal Code, providing for Pay for Success Contracts. PA - SB1304 An Act amending the act of March 10, 1949 (P.L.30, No.14), known as the Public School Code of 1949, in reimbursements by Commonwealth and between school districts, providing for emergency supplemental payment for basic education funding for 2015-2016 school year; and making an appropriation. PA - SB1308 An Act amending the act of March 10, 1949 (P.L.30, No.14), known as the Public School Code of 1949, in charter schools, further providing for definitions, for funding for charter schools and for powers and duties of department. PA - SB1183 An Act amending Title 42 (Judiciary and Judicial Procedure) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in depositions and witnesses, further providing for confidential communications involving law enforcement officers and for confidential communications to peer support members. PA - SB604 An Act amending Title 30 (Fish) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in special licenses and permits, further providing for Lake Erie fishing permits. PA - SB129 An Act amending the act of August 31, 1971 (P.L.398, No.96), known as the County Pension Law, further providing for definitions and for supplemental benefits. + − Cosponsored Bills (143) PA - SB902 An Act amending Title 20 (Decedents, Estates and Fiduciaries) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in anatomical gifts, further providing for manner of executing anatomical gifts. PA - SB12 An Act amending the act of June 13, 1967 (P.L.31, No.21), known as the Public Welfare Code, in public assistance, further providing for persons eligible for medical assistance. PA - SB305 An Act amending the act of September 27, 1961 (P.L.1700, No.699), known as the Pharmacy Act, further providing for the authority to administer injectable medications, biologicals and immunizations. PA - SB243 An Act amending the act of March 4, 1971 (P.L.6, No.2), known as the Tax Reform Code of 1971, in neighborhood assistance tax credit, further providing for tax credit. PA - SB16 An Act establishing a task force on lead and the hazards of lead poisoning; and authorizing a study. PA - SB853 An Act amending the act of May 22, 1951 (P.L.317, No.69), known as The Professional Nursing Law, providing for delegation of functions necessary for the support of nursing services. PA - SB1133 An Act amending the act of December 5, 1936 (2nd Sp.Sess., 1937 P.L.2897, No.1), known as the Unemployment Compensation Law, in compensation, further providing for ineligibility for compensation. PA - SB73 An Act amending the act of March 4, 1971 (P.L.6, No.2), known as the Tax Reform Code of 1971, in malt beverage tax, further providing for limited tax credits for small brewers. PA - SB1383 An Act amending Title 18 (Crimes and Offenses) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in assault, providing for the offense of hate crimes against law enforcement officers and first responders. PA - SB257 An Act amending Title 58 (Oil and Gas) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in development, further providing for protection of water supplies. PA - SB1339 An Act establishing the Safe Streets Law Enforcement Grant Program; and providing for an annual transfer. PA - SB505 An Act amending the act of March 4, 1971 (P.L.6, No.2), known as the Tax Reform Code of 1971, in film production tax credit, further providing for the definitions of "qualified tax liability" and "taxpayer." PA - SB20 An Act amending Title 68 (Real and Personal Property) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in seller disclosures, further providing for disclosure form. PA - SB42 An Act amending Title 75 (Vehicles) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in licensing of drivers, further providing for issuance and content of driver's license. PA - SB966 An Act amending the act of March 10, 1949 (P.L.30, No.14), known as the Public School Code of 1949, in pupils and attendance, further providing for definitions and providing for children who are homeless or in dependent care, for free transportation for certain children and for timely graduation after experiencing an educational disruption; and, in charter schools, further providing for statutory provisions applicable to charter schools and cyber charter schools. PA - SB11 An Act amending the act of June 3, 1937 (P.L.1333, No.320), known as the Pennsylvania Election Code, in Secretary of the Commonwealth, further providing for powers and duties of the Secretary of the Commonwealth; in primary and election expenses, further providing for definitions, for organization of political committees, for registration and for reporting; in primary and election expenses, providing for limitations on contributions; in primary and election expenses, further providing for late filing fees and certificates of filing, for contributions or expenditures by national banks, corporations or unincorporated associations and for reports by business entities and publication; in primary and election expenses, providing for independent expenditures; and providing for corporate political accountability. PA - SB112 An Act amending the act of March 4, 1971 (P.L.6, No.2), known as the Tax Reform Code of 1971, providing for a manufacturing tax credit; and prohibiting agreements under and repealing the Promoting Employment Across Pennsylvania Act. PA - SB1213 An Act amending the act of March 4, 1971 (P.L.6, No.2), known as the Tax Reform Code of 1971, providing for addiction prevention and treatment assessment and establishing the Opioid Addiction Prevention and Treatment Fund. PA - SB285 An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, further providing for Veterans' Trust Fund. PA - SB1200 An Act amending the act of March 10, 1949 (P.L.30, No.14), known as the Public School Code of 1949, providing for rural regional college for underserved counties; saving an appropriation from lapsing; allocating an appropriation; and repealing provisions of the Fiscal Code relating to rural regional colleges for underserved counties. PA - SB130 An Act amending Title 42 (Judiciary and Judicial Procedure) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, providing for sentence of community service. PA - SB15 An Act amending the act of April 12, 1951 (P.L.90, No.21), known as the Liquor Code, in preliminary provisions, further providing for definitions; in Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board, further providing for general powers of board; in Pennsylvania Liquor Stores, further providing for board to establish State liquor stores, for when sales may be made at Pennsylvania Liquor Stores, and for sales by Pennsylvania Liquor Stores; and, in licenses and regulations and liquor and alcohol and malt and brewed beverages, further providing for authority to issue liquor licenses to hotels, restaurants and clubs, for sale of malt or brewed beverages by liquor licensees, for malt and brewed beverages manufacturers', distributors' and importing distributors' licenses, for distributors' and importing distributors' restrictions on sales, storage, etc., for retail dispensers' restrictions on purchases and sales and for shipment of wine into Commonwealth, providing for direct shipment of wine and for unlawful acts relative to liquor, malt and brewed beverages and licensees and for premises to be vacated by patrons. PA - SB155 An Act establishing the Veteran's Entrepreneurial Training and Support Program; imposing powers and duties on the Department of Community and Economic Development; and making an appropriation. PA - SB205 A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, in elections, further providing for absentee voting. PA - SB206 An Act amending the act of June 3, 1937 (P.L.1333, No.320), known as the Pennsylvania Election Code, in preliminary provisions, further providing for definitions; and, in voting by qualified absentee electors, repealing qualified absentee electors; providing for absentee voting; and further providing for applications for official absentee ballots, for date of application for absentee ballot, for approval of application for absentee ballot, for official absentee voters ballots, for envelopes for official absentee ballots, for delivering or mailing ballots, for voting by absentee electors, for assistance in voting by certain absentee electors, for canvassing of official absentee ballots and for violation of provisions relating to absentee voting. PA - SB23 An Act amending Title 75 (Vehicles) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in registration of vehicles, providing for multiple-war veteran plate; and, in fees, further providing for exemption of persons, entities and vehicles from fees. PA - SB847 An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, further providing for State Veterans' Commission. PA - SB372 An Act amending Title 23 (Domestic Relations) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in marriage license, repealing provisions relating to waiting period after application; and further providing for issuance of license. PA - SB662 A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, in the legislature, further providing for the designation of legislative and congressional districts within this Commonwealth. PA - SB13 An Act amending the act of March 4, 1971 (P.L.6, No.2), known as the Tax Reform Code of 1971, in sales and use tax, further providing for imposition of tax, repealing provisions relating to computation of tax, providing for tax table, and further providing for alternate imposition of tax and credits and for hotel occupancy tax imposition; in personal income tax, further providing for imposition of tax; in cigarette tax, further providing for incidence and rate of tax and for floor tax; providing for tobacco products tax and for school district property tax and rent rebates; and establishing the School District Property Tax and Rent Rebate Fund. PA - SB575 An Act establishing the Municipal Firefighter Education and Training Program; providing for the powers and duties of the State Fire Commissioner; and prescribing penalties. PA - SB352 An Act amending the act of December 17, 1981 (P.L.435, No.135), known as the Race Horse Industry Reform Act, in general provisions, further providing for definitions; repealing provisions relating to the State Horse Racing Commission and State Harness Racing Commission; in racing oversight, providing for racing oversight, for pari-mutuel wagering licensing and for advance deposit wagering; providing for compliance; in medication rules and enforcement provisions, further providing for mandatory requirements for medication rules, for establishment of Pennsylvania Race Horse Testing Program, for costs for enforcement of medication rules; providing for the cessation of the State Horse Racing Commission and the State Harness Racing Commission; providing for a study; and making a repeal. PA - SB202 An Act amending the act of November 29, 2004 (P.L.1383, No.180), known as the Uniform Crime Reporting Act, in higher education security information, further providing for crime statistics and security policies and procedures; and providing for Pennsylvania safe campuses. PA - SB255 An Act amending the act of June 3, 1937 (P.L.1333, No.320), known as the Pennsylvania Election Code, providing for early voting in primaries and elections. PA - SB491 An Act providing for peer-to-peer support for veterans; and making an appropriation. PA - SB564 An Act establishing the Public Pensions Review Commission; providing for duties; and making an appropriation. PA - SB19 An Act amending the act of February 19, 1980 (P.L.15, No.9), known as the Real Estate Licensing and Registration Act, in duties of licensees, further providing for mandatory provisions of sales contract. PA - SB887 An Act amending Title 75 (Vehicles) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in rules of the road in general, further providing for duty of driver in construction and maintenance areas or on highway safety corridors and for duty of driver in emergency response areas. PA - SB1199 An Act providing for competitive employment in an integrated setting in State, county and local agencies for individuals with disabilities; establishing the Employment First Program, the Employment First State Coordinating Council and the Employment First Commission and providing for their powers and duties; and conferring powers and imposing duties on the Governor and the Office of the Governor. PA - SB1155 An Act amending Title 75 (Vehicles) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in registration of vehicles, providing for special plates for current members of the armed forces of the United States. PA - SB223 An Act amending Title 12 (Commerce and Trade) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, providing for an angel investment tax credit. PA - SB428 An Act amending Title 18 (Crimes and Offenses) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in burglary and other criminal intrusion, further providing for the offense of criminal trespass. PA - SB282 An Act amending the act of March 4, 1971 (P.L.6, No.2), known as the Tax Reform Code of 1971, providing for a waterfront development tax credit. PA - SB1212 An Act amending the act of March 10, 1949 (P.L.30, No.14), known as the Public School Code of 1949, in terms and courses of study, providing for child opioid awareness education. PA - SB565 An Act amending the act of March 4, 1971 (P.L.6, No.2), known as the Tax Reform Code of 1971, in film production tax credit, further providing for definitions, for credit for qualified film production expenses and for limitations. PA - SB659 An Act amending the act of March 4, 1971 (P.L.6, No.2), known as the Tax Reform Code of 1971, providing for nonprofit animal shelter tax credit; and imposing duties on the Department of Revenue. PA - SB691 An Act amending the act of April 9, 1929 (P.L.343, No.176), known as The Fiscal Code, in cigarette sales and licensing, further providing for definitions, for retention of records and for violations and penalties and providing for preemption. PA - SB937 An Act amending the act of March 4, 1971 (P.L.6, No.2), known as the Tax Reform Code of 1971, providing for concert rehearsal and tour tax credit. PA - SB686 An Act amending the act of October 5, 1978 (P.L.1109, No.261), known as the Osteopathic Medical Practice Act, providing for visiting team physician. PA - SB735 An Act amending Title 3 (Agriculture) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in food protection, further providing for definitions and for license required. PA - SB510 An Act providing for the exclusion of veterans' disability benefits as eligible income. PA - SB652 An Act amending the act of December 31, 1965 (P.L.1257, No.511), known as The Local Tax Enabling Act, in consolidated collection of local income taxes, further providing for definitions. PA - SB1083 A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, in Judiciary, further providing for suspension, removal, discipline and other sanctions. PA - SB1182 An Act amending Titles 18 (Crimes and Offenses) and 23 (Domestic Relations) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in firearms and other dangerous articles, further providing for persons not to possess, use, manufacture, control, sell or transfer firearms, providing for relinquishment of firearms and firearm licenses by convicted persons, further providing for firearms not to be carried without a license and for loans on, or lending or giving firearms prohibited; and, in protection from abuse, further providing for definitions, for commencement of proceedings, for hearings, for relief, for return of relinquished firearms, other weapons and ammunition and additional relief and for relinquishment for consignment sale, lawful transfer or safekeeping; and repealing provisions relating to relinquishment to third party for safekeeping. PA - SB446 An Act providing for Select Committee on Institutions of Purely Public Charity, for establishment of committee, for responsibility of committee, for composition of committee, for determination and recommendations, for hearings and for findings. PA - SB274 An Act amending the act of March 4, 1971 (P.L.6, No.2), known as the Tax Reform Code of 1971, in corporate net income tax, further providing for definitions, for imposition of tax, for reports and payment of tax and for consolidated reports; and, in general provisions, further providing for underpayment of estimated tax. PA - SB371 A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, in taxation and finance, further providing for persons with military service-connected disabilities to receive property tax exemptions. PA - SB219 An Act amending the act of March 4, 1971 (P.L.6, No.2), known as the Tax Reform Code of 1971, providing for reissuance of film production tax credits. PA - SB573 An Act amending Title 42 (Judiciary and Judicial Procedure) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in judicial computer system, further providing for deposits into account. PA - SB131 An Act regulating employment inquiries into arrest records. PA - SB405 An Act designating Exit 30 from Interstate 84 onto State Route 402, in Pike County, as the Corporal Bryon K. Dickson, II, Exit. PA - SB930 An Act amending Title 62 (Procurement) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, providing for diverse and disadvantaged businesses. PA - SB200 An Act providing for the Work Experience for High School Students with Disabilities Act; imposing duties on the Office of Vocational Rehabilitation; and providing for appropriations. PA - SB764 An Act amending Title 18 (Crimes and Offenses) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in wiretapping and electronic surveillance, further providing for exceptions to prohibition of interception and disclosure of communications. PA - SB715 An Act amending Title 18 (Crimes and Offenses) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in riot, disorderly conduct and related offenses, further providing for the offense of cruelty to animals. PA - SB508 An Act amending the act of February 14, 2008 (P.L.6, No.3), known as the Right-to-Know Law, in procedure, further providing for exceptions for public records. PA - SB838 An Act amending the act of March 10, 1949 (P.L.30, No.14), known as the Public School Code of 1949, in preliminary provisions, further providing for Keystone Exams. PA - SB1302 An Act providing for a grant program for a Statewide 2-1-1 system and imposing duties on the Department of Health. PA - SB889 An Act amending the act of June 28, 1935 (P.L.477, No.193), referred to as the Enforcement Officer Disability Benefits Law, extending benefits to certain employees of the Pennsylvania Game Commission and the Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission; and making editorial changes. PA - SB1267 An Act amending Titles 74 (Transportation) and 75 (Vehicles) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in traffic signals, further providing for definitions and for maintenance agreement; in general provisions relating to operation of vehicles, further providing for traffic-control signals and for expiration of automated red light enforcement systems provisions; and, in taxes for highway maintenance and construction, further providing for allocation of proceeds. PA - SB1160 An Act amending Titles 18 (Crimes and Offenses) and 44 (Law and Justice) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in firearms and other dangerous articles, further providing for licenses and for licensing of dealers; and providing for sheriffs and deputy sheriffs. PA - SB299 An Act amending Title 35 (Health and Safety) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, providing for incentives for municipal volunteers of fire companies and nonprofit emergency medical services agencies. PA - SB1013 An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, providing for voluntary veterans' preference in private employment. PA - SB1157 An Act amending the act of March 4, 1970 (P.L.128, No.49), entitled "An act granting to the Governor of the Commonwealth the sole authority for regulating the display of the flag of the United States from any public ground or building and from any ground or building of certain other institutions," further providing for the display of the official POW/MIA flag on Commonwealth grounds or buildings. PA - SB17 An Act amending the act of March 10, 1949 (P.L.30, No.14), known as the Public School Code of 1949, in grounds and buildings, providing for lead testing; and, in charter schools, further providing for provisions applicable to charter schools. PA - SB673 An Act amending Title 64 (Public Authorities and Quasi-Public Corporations) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in Commonwealth Financing Authority, further providing for revolving loan program accounts, for indebtedness, for Business in Our Sites Program and for First Industries Program; and making a transfer. PA - SB1103 An Act amending Title 30 (Fish) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in fishing licenses, further providing for nonresident and tourist licenses, for one-day resident fishing license and for license, permit and issuing agent fees; and, in special licenses and permits, further providing for permits for protection and management of particular fish, for Lake Erie fishing permits and for fishing guide and charter boat permits. PA - SB1211 An Act providing for Commonwealth support for an Alcohol and Drug Addiction Counselor Loan Forgiveness Program for qualified alcohol and drug addiction loan forgiveness applicants. PA - SB116 An Act amending the act of March 4, 1971 (P.L.6, No.2), known as the Tax Reform Code of 1971, providing for education reinvestment by imposing a severance tax and for distribution of an impact fee. PA - SB195 An Act amending the act of January 17, 1968 (P.L.11, No.5), known as The Minimum Wage Act of 1968, further providing for rate of minimum wages, for Minimum Wage Advisory Board, for investigations, for duty of employers, for penalties and for civil actions; establishing the Wage Enforcement Fund; and further providing for preemption. PA - SB1166 An Act amending Title 34 (Game) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in Pennsylvania Game Commission, further providing for powers and duties of commission and for accountability; in hunting and furtaking licenses, further providing for license costs and fees; and making an editorial change. PA - SB1168 An Act amending Title 30 (Fish) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission, providing for power to set fees; in fiscal affairs, further providing for collection fee for uncollectible checks; in fishing licenses, further providing for nonresident and tourist licenses, for one-day resident fishing license, for license, permit and issuing agent fees and for license and permit packaging options; in special licenses and permits, further providing for net permits, for boat and net licenses for boundary lakes, for permits for protection and management of particular fish, for permits for the use of explosives, for Lake Erie fishing permits and for fishing guide and charter boat permits; in regulated fishing lakes, further providing for licenses and for fees; in dams, bar racks and migration devices, further providing for obstructing migration of fish; in preliminary provisions, further providing for fees; and, in registration and titling of boats, further providing for issuing agents, for fees and for notice for boats and related equipment. PA - SB3 An Act establishing a medical marijuana program; providing for patient and caregiver certification and for medical marijuana organization registration; imposing duties on the Department of Health; providing for a tax on medical marijuana organization gross receipts; establishing the Medical Marijuana Program Fund; establishing the Medical Marijuana Advisory Board; establishing a medical marijuana research program; imposing duties on the Department of Corrections, the Department of Education and the Department of Human Services; and providing for academic clinical research centers and for penalties and enforcement. PA - SB974 An Act amending the act of October 27, 1955 (P.L.744, No.222), known as the Pennsylvania Human Relations Act, further providing for the title of the act, for findings and declaration of policy, for right to freedom from discrimination in employment, housing and public accommodation, for definitions, for unlawful discriminatory practices and for prohibition of certain real estate practices; providing for protection of religious exercise; and further providing for powers and duties of commission, for educational program and for construction and exclusiveness of remedy. PA - SB684 An Act amending the act of December 4, 1996 (P.L.911, No.147), known as the Telemarketer Registration Act, further prohibiting unwanted telephone solicitation calls. PA - SB114 An Act amending the act of March 10, 1949 (P.L.30, No.14), known as the Public School Code of 1949, in vocational education, further providing for vocational education equipment grants; and, in reimbursements by Commonwealth and between school districts, providing for career and technical education innovation and career preparation. PA - SB676 An Act amending the act of March 4, 1971 (P.L.6, No.2), known as the Tax Reform Code of 1971, providing for the PTP Statewide tourism marketing and promotion tax credit. PA - SB118 An Act providing for school district real property tax relief through distributions to school districts and for supplemental rent rebate relief. PA - SB796 An Act providing for portability of professional and occupational licenses for military spouses. PA - SB43 An Act amending Title 18 (Crimes and Offenses) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in proprietary and official rights, further providing for wearing of uniforms and insignia. PA - SB45 An Act prohibiting mental health professionals from engaging in sexual orientation change efforts with an individual under 18 years of age. PA - SB904 An Act amending Title 18 (Crimes and Offenses) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in minors, further providing for sale of tobacco and for use of tobacco in schools prohibited. PA - SB224 An Act amending the act of March 4, 1971 (P.L.6, No.2), known as the Tax Reform Code of 1971, providing for the Pennsylvania port volume increase tax credit. PA - SB218 An Act amending the act of March 4, 1971 (P.L.6, No.2), known as the Tax Reform Code of 1971, in film production tax credit, further providing for limitations. PA - SB1061 An Act amending Title 44 (Law and Justice) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, adding provisions for law enforcement activities by providing for release of law enforcement officer information when firearm discharged or use of force; and prescribing a penalty. PA - SB1210 An Act amending Title 35 (Health and Safety) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, providing for emergency addiction treatment; and imposing powers and duties on the Department of Drug and Alcohol Programs. PA - SB18 An Act amending the act of June 13, 1967 (P.L.31, No.21), known as the Human Services Code, in departmental powers and duties as to supervision, providing for lead testing; and, in departmental powers and duties as to licensing, providing for lead testing. PA - SB166 An Act amending Titles 18 (Crimes and Offenses) and 42 (Judiciary and Judicial Procedure) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in criminal history record information, further providing for general regulations and providing for order for limited access; and, in governance of the system, providing for petition for expungement or order for limited access fee. PA - SB484 A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for the Legislative Reapportionment Commission for the purpose of reapportioning and redistricting the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. PA - SB1050 An Act amending the act of March 4, 1971 (P.L.6, No.2), known as the Tax Reform Code of 1971, in film production tax credit, further providing for definitions and for credit for qualified film production expenses, providing for reissuance of film production tax credits and further providing for limitations. PA - SB685 An Act amending the act of December 20, 1985 (P.L.457, No.112), known as the Medical Practice Act of 1985, providing for visiting team physician. PA - SB800 An Act reaffirming the establishment and operation of The Pennsylvania State University as an instrumentality of the Commonwealth to serve as a State-related university in the higher education system of the Commonwealth; providing for the composition of the board of trustees, for terms of trustees, for powers and duties of the board of trustees, for preference to Pennsylvania residents in tuition and for public support and capital improvements; authorizing appropriations in amounts to be fixed annually by the General Assembly; providing for the auditing of accounts of expenditures from appropriations; authorizing the issuance of bonds exempt from taxation within the Commonwealth; and requiring an annual report. PA - SB1197 An Act amending Title 18 (Crimes and Offenses) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in dissemination of criminal history record information, further providing for general regulations and for order for limited access, providing for clean slate for convictions of misdemeanors and summary offenses, for charges not leading to convictions and for records of juvenile delinquency, for effects of expunged offenses and offenses provided limited access and for employer immunity and liability and further providing for use of records by licensing agencies. PA - SB108 An Act amending the act of March 10, 1949 (P.L.30, No.14), known as the Public School Code of 1949, in preliminary provisions, providing for powers and duties of the Secretary of Education. PA - SB284 An Act amending Title 75 (Vehicles) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, further providing for special motorcycle plates for veterans. PA - SR219 A Resolution remembering the Honorable Thomas F. Lamb of Mt. Lebanon, Allegheny County, esteemed former member of the General Assembly, who died May 7, 2015, at 92 years of age. PA - SR446 A Resolution directing the Legislative Budget and Finance Committee to conduct a study of the extent to which rape kits remain unprocessed in this Commonwealth and identify the reasons that the kits remain untested. PA - SR156 A Concurrent Resolution establishing the Task Force on Women Veterans' Health Care. PA - SR81 A Resolution recognizing 2015 as the "Year of the Law Enforcement Officer" in Pennsylvania. PA - SR72 A Resolution celebrating April 14, 2015, as the 67th anniversary of the United States Air Force Reserve, which was founded in 1948. PA - SR255 A Resolution directing the Joint State Government Commission to review all services, benefits and programs currently offered to veterans, active, National Guard and Reserve service members and their families by Commonwealth agencies, veteran service organizations, secondary schools and the Federal Government. PA - SR256 A Resolution adopting rules of procedure governing the forthcoming due notice to Kathleen G. Kane, Attorney General of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and a full hearing as required under Article VI, Section 7 of the Pennsylvania Constitution. PA - SR153 A Resolution designating the week of June 14 through 20, 2015, as "State Veterans' Homes Week" in Pennsylvania. PA - SR279 A Resolution designating the month of February 2016 as "Black History Month" in Pennsylvania. PA - SR338 A Resolution designating the month of May 2016 as "Lyme Disease Awareness Month" in Pennsylvania. PA - SR59 A Resolution directing the Legislative Budget and Finance Committee to conduct a comprehensive study of work force investment programs of the Commonwealth. PA - SR50 A Resolution designating the month of March 2015 as "Irish American Heritage Month" in Pennsylvania. PA - SR212 A Resolution recognizing November 10, 2015, as "Marine Corps Day" in Pennsylvania in honor of the United States Marine Corps' 240th anniversary of its founding. PA - SR341 A Resolution recognizing the week of May 15 through 21, 2016, as "National Police Week" and May 2, 2016, as "Police Officers' Memorial Day" in Pennsylvania. PA - SR201 A Resolution recognizing the month of October 2015 as "Italian-American Heritage Month" in Pennsylvania. PA - SR396 A Resolution designating June 27, 2016, as "Post-Traumatic Stress Injury Awareness Day" and the month of June 2016 as "Post-Traumatic Stress Injury Awareness Month" in Pennsylvania. PA - SR108 A Resolution recognizing the week of May 2 through 10, 2015, as "National Travel and Tourism Week" and May 5, 2015, as "Tourism Day" in Pennsylvania. PA - SR494 A Resolution designating December 7, 2016, as "Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day" in Pennsylvania. PA - SR336 A Resolution designating the month of April 2016 as "Child Abuse Prevention Month" in Pennsylvania. PA - SR360 A Resolution recognizing the month of May 2016 as "Lupus Awareness Month" and May 10, 2016, as "World Lupus Day" in Pennsylvania. PA - SR237 A Resolution directing the Joint State Government Commission to establish an advisory committee on rape and sexual violence prevention education on postsecondary school campuses to conduct a comprehensive study of the issue of rape and sexual assault on postsecondary school campuses and environs and to report its findings and recommendations to the Senate. PA - SR267 A Resolution directing the Joint State Government Commission to establish an advisory committee to study issues relating to the need for, availability of and access to effective drug addiction treatment in this Commonwealth. PA - SR35 A Resolution designating the month of March 2015 as "Problem Gambling Awareness Month" in Pennsylvania and observing the month of March 2015 as "National Problem Gambling Awareness Month." PA - SR28 A Concurrent Resolution establishing the Joint Select Committee on Institutions of Purely Public Charity. PA - SR82 A Resolution designating the month of May 2015 as "Lyme Disease Awareness Month" in Pennsylvania. PA - SR177 A Resolution honoring the life and memory of Senator William J. Moore and expressing gratitude for his service and profound sorrow over his loss. PA - SR316 A Resolution recognizing March 30, 2016, as "Welcome Home Vietnam Veterans Day" in Pennsylvania. PA - SR448 A Concurrent Resolution commemorating the 200th session of the General Assembly. PA - SR296 A Resolution designating the month of March 2016 as "Irish American Heritage Month" in Pennsylvania. PA - SR48 A Resolution recognizing March 30, 2015, as "Welcome Home Vietnam Veterans Day" in Pennsylvania. PA - SR55 A Concurrent Resolution establishing a forestry task force to study issues concerning the renewal and management of this Commonwealth's forests; providing for an advisory committee; and directing the Joint Legislative Air and Water Pollution Control and Conservation Committee to provide administrative support to the task force. PA - SR88 A Resolution recognizing the week of May 10 through 16, 2015, as "National Police Week" and May 4, 2015, as "Police Officers' Memorial Day" in Pennsylvania. PA - SR342 A Resolution designating the month of May 2016 as "Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis Awareness Month" in Pennsylvania. PA - SR409 A Resolution honoring the life and mourning the death of Pat Summitt, the coach with the most wins in Division I history, a monumental figure who was at the forefront of ascending women's athletics into the national spotlight and an advocate for Alzheimer's disease research. PA - SR119 A Resolution urging the President of the United States and the Congress of the United States to reauthorize the United States Export-Import Bank before June 30, 2015.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6576
__label__cc	0.641011	0.358989	Archive for the ‘ ~EAST PROVIDENCE RI~ ’ Category Squantum Woods – East Providence Veterans Memorial Parkway, East Providence, RI Fairly Easy. Once a State Park, now owned by the City of East Providence, Squantum Woods Park has gone through a renaissance over the last couple years and has become a suburban gem. For this walk starting at a parking area off of Veterans Memorial Parkway make your way to the brick walkway at the entrance. Names are inscribed in the bricks of locals who have served in the military. At the end of the walkway is the “Garden of Flags”, a memorial to local Vietnam Veterans. Next walk on the grass toward the tree line and follow the edge of trees toward the back of the park near the back side of the pond. Here you will find a the beginning of a wood chip trail. The trail wraps around the backside of the Kettle Point neighborhood towards the East Bay Bike Path. There are spectacular views of Long Rock Cove below and the Providence River. The shrubs along this stretch are a haven for smaller birds. Yellow warblers, red-winged blackbirds, and finches were observed here at the time of this walk. The trail ends at the bike path. From here you can add as much distance to a walk as you would like. For this walk turn right and follow the bike path a little over a tenth of a mile. On the left there is an “Urban Coastal Greenway – Public Access” sign at a clearing. The clearing leads to a small beach (at low tide) that offers great views of the Port of Providence and the base of the Fuller Rocks Lighthouse (destroyed by an explosion in 1923). From here retrace you steps back to the pond at Squantum Woods and stay to the left of the pond to get to the parking area. Be sure to look for birds in and around the pond. The park also offers picnic benches. Do carry out what you carry in if you so choose to have a picnic before or after your walk. A Summer View of Long Rock Cove Jones Pond – East Providence Fifth Street, East Providence, RI Trailhead: 41°48’32.71″N, 71°23’6.19″W Last Time Hiked: December 20, 2017 Tucked away in a suburban neighborhood is a new walking path in a revitalized park. Jones Pond has a long history for a small park. The pond, originally a freshwater kidney shaped pond, is said to be the location of a Native American village according to an old book by The Narragansett Archaeological Society of Rhode Island. A quarry was also nearby in the early 20th century. During the 1930’s the adjacent Pierce Field Stadium was built and Jones Pond was “squared off” to the shape it is today. During World War II, Quonset huts were built and used on the property. For years after that the pond served as a neighborhood spot to ice skate before falling into disarray. Just recently the pond and surrounding park has been given new life as a half mile of walking paths have been built with perennial gardens along them. There are also some rather interesting, artistic bike racks here. The small shrubs and trees serve as a haven for several species of birds. Bike Rack at Jones Pond Little Neck – East Providence Little Neck Cemetery Cozzens Avenue, East Providence, RI Last Time Hiked: December 1, 2016 Sitting on a peninsula where the Ox Brook and the Mosskettuash Brook converge to form Bullocks Cove lies one of the oldest cemeteries in the United States. The narrow roads that wind through this historic cemetery offer about a half mile of walking. The cemetery, being established in 1655, is on the National Register of Historic Places. The oldest grave here is from 1662, that being the grave of John Brown, Jr. who was a Commissioner to the United Colonies. At the highest point of the peninsula is the oldest part of the cemetery. Some other notable graves here are that of Thomas Willett who was the first mayor of New York City and Elizabeth Tilley Howland who in 1620 came to the New World on the Mayflower. There are also 106 veterans buried here including the Civil War Medal of Honor recipient George Reed. The Graves of Elizabeth Howland and Thomas Willett Historic Cemetery Spanish American War Rumford – East Providence Rumford Historic Walk Newman Avenue, East Providence, RI Last Time Hiked: October 16, 2016 The northern end of East Providence, known as Rumford, is part Blackstone River Valley National Historic Park. In 1636 Roger Williams passed through this area before being told he was still within the boundaries of Massachusetts. He went on across the river to settle Providence. A few years later Reverend Samuel Newman settled here establishing a village that would one day become what is now known as Rumford. For this walk, park at the parking area directly across the street from the Newman Congregational Church. The building that stands today was built in 1810 and is the fourth meetinghouse built on this site. After taking a look at the structure make your way into the cemetery. The oldest grave here is from 1658, that of William Carpenter. The towns most prominent settlers are buried here and there are over 100 American Revolution veterans as well. The most recent burial occurred in 2008. If you are interested in local history spend some time here wandering around. The carvings of the colonial era graves are fascinating. At the far end of the cemetery there is an exit. When you get to the paved road turn right and follow it to Greenwood Avenue. Turn left here a follow the road for a few hundred feet to the first house on the right. This is the Phanuel Bishop House and is one of the oldest houses in the area. It was built in the 1770’s and is as old as the John Hunt House at Hunts Mills. Keep in mind that the Phanuel Bishop House is a private residence. From here turn around and follow Greenwood Avenue toward the large brick mill buildings on the right. Up until 1966 this was the home of the Rumford Chemical Works, makers of Rumford Baking Powder. Today the complex is mostly residential with some offices and restaurants. Stop at Seven Stars Bakery for a quick snack and to view the historical photos on the walls. In the courtyard behind the bakery is the bust of Benjamin Thompson, also known as Count Rumford, in which this village was named for. Returning to Newman Avenue you will pass the post office and the 1930’s fire station which is also now a private residence. The road bends to the east and soon you will be back at the parking area across from the church. More information can be found at: Rumford Newman Church (1810) Lower Ten Mile River – Pawtucket/East Providence/Seekonk Daggett Avenue, Pawtucket, RI Last Time Hiked: March 20, 2016 Approximate distance hiked: 10 miles Moderate due to distance. This hike explores the highlights of the lower Ten Mile River from Pawtucket, through East Providence, and into Seekonk. The route of this hike, ironically enough, is about 10 miles and is partly on a bike path, paved neighborhood roads, and trails. It is a one way hike and requires a car-spot. Starting at Doreen Tomlinson Field on Daggett Avenue in Pawtucket, you start this walk by first following the northern most part of the Ten Mile River Greenway Bike Path. The bike path, flanked by post and rail fence, follows the river for a little over three quarters of a mile before coming to Armistice Boulevard. Here, you will see a small dam and waterfall. After crossing the boulevard you are in Slater Park. Soon you will see the one mile marker. Shortly after the marker the bike path makes an abrupt curve to the right and back to the left again. At this point to the right and across the road you can see a pond. A loop around the pond is about a half mile if you choose. In December you will find several Christmas trees decorated here. Just before crossing the road and to the right is the Slater Park Carousel and at the far end of the pond is a bandstand. After you complete the loop of the pond return to the bike path and continue south. To your left the river runs through an area that looks like a canal. These walls were built during the 1930’s by the Works Progress Administration. The bike path then continues south leaving Slater Park, passing under railroad tracks, and soon the first large body of water on the left appears. This is Central Pond and it will remain on your left to the end of the bike path. The southern portion of the bike path crosses into East Providence passing through an old rifle range and former Water Department property before reaching Kimberly Rock Field. Here you want to turn right into the parking lot. A couple hundred feet ahead and on the left is a clearing and a short trail that leads to the adjacent residential neighborhood. The next six tenths of a mile of this hike is on roads. At the end of the trail turn left onto Wildwood Avenue, then right onto Redland Avenue. To the left you can still see Central Pond through the yards. At the end of Redland Avenue, turn left onto Bishop Avenue, and then left once again onto Newman Avenue (Route 152). Be careful here, as traffic is relatively heavy. When you reach Central Pond cross Newman Avenue. The body of water south of Newman Avenue is the Turner Reservoir. You will notice a trailhead just to the right of the reservoir. This is part of the Turner Reservoir Loop Trail. This section of trail follows the shore of the reservoir on one side and the back of a subdivision, with a post and rail fence along the property line, on the other. Soon the trail passes the subdivision and enters a small wooded area. There is a short unmarked trail to the right here that will lead you into the Bridgham Farm Conservation Area. Take it, at the end of the trail turn right and follow that trail to its end. It will come out to a cul-de-sac of the subdivision you just passed. To the left you will notice two things. First, a very large oak tree, said to be over 400 year old known as the Newman Oak. and second, just over the rooftop of the nearby house, you will catch a glimpse of the old windmill that was part of the old farm. After viewing the historic tree and windmill retrace your steps, but instead of turning left back to the reservoir, continue straight. The trail will lead you out to a large open field. This area is what part of the farm was conserved during the 1990’s. Continue straight through the grass field. The trail will slightly turn to the left and lead through the trees back out to the reservoir. Turn right here and follow the earthen embankment towards the Turner Dam. This dam was built in the 1930’s to create the Turner Reservoir as a drinking supply for the City of East Providence. It was used as the primary water supply until the late 1960’s. Continuing you will see a trail to your south that again follows the river. This short stretch of trail will lead you to the parking area along Pleasant Street (Route 114A). From here you want to turn right, then cross the street, and then turn left onto Hunts Mills Road. There is a split in the road, stay left. You will pass the first of two houses on the property. The house is currently boarded up and has seen better days, but there are plans to restore it. The second house, however, is a stunningly beautiful Georgian style home built in the second half of the 1700’s. This is the John Hunt House and it is the current home of the East Providence Historical Society. Just to the right of the house is a gazebo and just to the right of the gazebo is a post with a red trail marker. This is the beginning of the three quarter mile Hunts Mills Trail. The trail first cuts across the north side of the property passing a rather significant sycamore tree before reaching the Ten Mile River once again. Along this stretch there are two rock outcrops to view the river. The first, is somewhat high above the river, is known as Sunset Rock. The second, is by the rivers edge, is known as Otter Rock and received its name by multiple sightings of the river mammal. When the river is running low in the summer months you may catch a glimpse of turn of the century inscriptions on the rock. Continuing to follow the red blazes, you will find yourself in an area that seems abandoned. This is the former Fire Department training grounds. Here there are a couple old tankers and fire tower. There is also a large metal shed. This area is now being leased by the Ten Mile River Watershed Council and they have plans to convert it into a picnic area. Continuing to follow the red blazed trail will lead you to the large grass area behind the Hunt House. There are some informational boards here describing the history of the property. There was once an amusement park here with a carousel. The ring of granite blocks delineates where it once stood. You will next want to pass the gate between the Hunt House and the large stone pump house. Just ahead is the picturesque Hunts Mills Falls. The sounds of the water rushing of the falls makes this a good place to take a break. After taking in the falls for a bit, you will follow Hunts Mills Road back to Pleasant Street, turn right and cross the road once again. You will continue along Pleasant Street crossing the bridge over the Ten Mile River and then through the parking lot. Here is the trail-head to the eastern side of the Turner Reservoir Loop Trail. This section is mostly on boardwalks that cross over the wetlands by the river. Soon you will come back to the earthen dam. The path turns to the left. If you want another view of the waterfall at the dam follow the path, for this hike however, continue straight up the small hill. At the top of the hill you will have a sweeping view of the reservoir. This spot is particularly beautiful during the autumn foliage. To the right the trail continues to follow the edge of the reservoir. This is where you first cross into Seekonk. The trail is now faintly blazed blue and you will follow those blazes to Arcade Avenue with the exception of a few minor detours. Along this trail you will pass the Seekonk High School athletic fields. In the woods to the right you will find a shelter with a stone pillar by it. This is a monument to three Seekonk High School students who lost their lives on the reservoir in 1998. Further along the blue trail, there is a trail that splits to the left and leads out to a peninsula that offers great views of the reservoir in every direction. If you choose to visit either of these sites be sure to return to the blue blazed trail and follow it to Arcade Avenue. After reaching the road, you will have about a mile of road walking. You will want to turn left onto Arcade Avenue, then left onto Newman Avenue. You then need to cross Newman Avenue to get to and follow West Avenue. You will follow West Avenue to the fourth left. This is West River Street and you will turn left here. Turn left again at Reservoir Street and follow it to the end. The asphalt ends and the dirt road turns to the right. On the left is the sign for the Seacuncke Sanctuary and its trail-head. Follow the trail into the sanctuary. It soon splits, stay to the right and you will find yourself on the main trail, known as the Seekonk Trail, that runs along this side of Central Pond. There are other narrower trails that run parallel to this trail. As long as you are going north they all lead to the same spot. The trail then starts to turn slightly to the right and ahead you will see a split. There are two trails here with a gully in between. Both of the trails are blazed blue. The trail to the right will lead you to the majority of the trails of the Gaminno Pond Preserve. For this hike stay to the left. Soon you will be flanked by water. To the left is Coles Brook and to the right is Gaminno Pond. Continuing to follow the blue blazed trail, you will see a mulch covered trail on the left that leads to the Gaminno Pond parking area. Continue ahead a short distance. The blue blazed trail turns to the right. Stay to the left here following an old road that leads up to the Seekonk Meadows and to the parking lot for the Seekonk Library where you left another vehicle. This hike takes about four and half to five hours at a relaxed pace. Ten Mile River Greenway Bike Path Hunts Mills Falls East Bay Bike Path North – Providence/East Providence East Bay Bike Path – North India Street, Providence, RI Fairly easy with some slight elevation. Most people who ride their bikes or walk the East Bay Bike Path have no idea that they are passing through hundreds of years of history. This walk is not just 6 miles on a 10 foot wide paved path with great views of the water, but more of a tour of yesteryear. Starting at the picturesque Providence waterfront, the northern portion of the East Bay Bike Path leaves India Point Park and zigzags uphill towards the Washington Bridge. Over the years there have been several bridges built over the Seekonk River. The first built in 1793 was a covered drawbridge. The newly built George Redman Linear Park occupies what remains of the 1931 span. The bike path crosses the river through the linear park. There are several informational boards located here with history of the bridges and surrounding neighborhoods. After crossing the bridge, the bike path snakes down to Watchemoket Square in East Providence. Prior to the highway being built, the square was a bustling center of commerce and local government. It served as a crossroads where Taunton Avenue (Route 44), Warren Avenue (Route 6), and the railroad once met before crossing into Providence. The square was very active in the second half of the 19th century and well into the 20th century. Most of the buildings in the square were wood frame buildings like that at the corner of Warren Avenue and First Street (currently the Black Duck Tavern). The most predominant building remaining in the square was built in the early 1920’s. The Neo-Federalist designed building served as a bank for several years and is now the home of the Comedy Connection. Most of the remaining buildings in the square were torn down by the 1960’s with the construction of Interstate 195. After crossing Warren Avenue, the bike path follows First Street for two blocks before turning right and along Veterans Memorial Parkway. This short section, about two tenths of a mile, is the only stretch of road walking/biking. Be sure to be aware of traffic. The next mile or so, the bike path first climbs up Fort Hill, past an overlook, and along the parkway before making its way to a former railroad bed. The fort on the hill, with others in the area, protected Providence during the Revolutionary War and The War of 1812. As the bike path climbs the top of the hill just before the lookout, you can see the Fort Hill Monument across the parkway. It is a large boulder near the intersection of Mercer Street. As the bike path winds around the first parking lot along the parkway you now have a good vantage point of the Providence skyline. The buildings of downtown, Rhode Island Hospital, the Manchester Street Power Plant, and the I-way bridge are all clearly visible from here. In fact, as of late, at 8:30 every evening people have been gathering here to shine their lights in the “Good Night Hasbro” event along with several other businesses in the area. The bike path next passes an area that is currently under construction. It is one of two major waterfront developments being built under the revitalization of East Providence’s waterfront. Both of the developments were once used for oil storage tanks and will soon be mixed residential and commercial areas with access to the shoreline. The bike path then bends to the right, passing the second parking lot along the parkway, and downhill as it descends to the waterfront. The remaining distance of the bike path all the way to Bristol now follows the rail bed that was once used by the Providence, Warren, and Bristol Railroad. As the bike path begins to follow the old rail bed, you are now on a causeway and are surrounded by water. To the right is the Providence River and the Port of Providence. You are very likely to see very large cargo ships docked here. To the left is Watchemoket Cove, the first and largest, of three coastal coves along this part of the bike path. All three of these coves are havens for swans and geese. Blue herons and cormorants among several other birds have been seen in these coves as well. After passing the first cove, the bike path passes over Kettle Point. To the left is the second major development along the East Providence waterfront. This development will be predominantly residential as it replaces another former oil tank farm. Just as you approach the next cove, there is a trail to the left that leads to Squantum Woods. The bike path then crosses another causeway. After passing the aptly named Long Rock Cove to the left, you come to a series of buildings on the right. They belong to the Squantum Association, and the largest and most predominant building is the clubhouse. This building built in 1900 replaces the 1873 structure and is used for weddings and receptions. President Arthur and President Taft have attended events here. The bike path next passes the third coastal cove. This cove, with its long dock, is part of the Boyden Heights Conservation Area. Just after the cove there is a trail that leads into the property. The trails here are short and would add a nice little hike to your walk. Just after the trailhead the area to the left once hosted two amusement parks. Boyden Heights Park, opened in 1904, and Vanity Fair, opened in 1907, along with Crescent Park further south gave this area the nickname “Coney Island of the East”. Both of these amusement parks were closed by 1910. The next portion of the bike path continues to follow the waterfront and soon the Pomham Rocks Lighthouse becomes visible. The lighthouse sits on one of two large rock islands and was built in 1871. Recent restoration has saved the lighthouse and the island can be visited a few times per year. From here you will catch your last glimpse of the buildings of downtown four miles away. Next the bike path passes under Bullocks Point Avenue and comes out to Riverside Square. This was another bustling village back in the day, complete with a railroad station built in the mid to late 1800’s. Today the old depot is a coffee shop that is well worth a visit. Other buildings in the square also date back to yesteryear, but the most visited building here is the Dari-Bee, a local ice cream shop that is open from the spring to the fall. There are also a few “Mom & Pop” shops here as well including convenience stores for water or snacks. Also in the square in the Riverside World War II Memorial. It was originally located further up the road and was relocated to the square in the early 2000’s. The bike path, flanked by bird filled shrubs, then continues south passing through residential neighborhoods before coming to Bullocks Cove. Looking north from the causeway crossing the cove you can catch a glimpse of Little Neck which is home to one of the oldest cemeteries in the nation. The cemetery, established in 1655, serves as the final resting place of several colonists including one who was a passenger on the Mayflower and the first mayor of New York City. The cemetery is not accessible from the bike path however. The bike path then crosses Crescent View Avenue. If you so choose, follow Crescent View Avenue west to its end. There is the 1895 Looff Carousel, the only remaining structure of the once bustling Crescent Park Amusement Park that closed in the 1970’s. After crossing Crescent View Avenue, the bike path passes through another residential neighborhood, a small playground, and another small cove before reaching Haines State Park. This park, on the East Providence/Barrington border was established in 1911 and offers areas for picnics, ball fields, a dog park, trails, and access to the water. This is also where I decided to conclude this walk. The bike path continues another 8 miles to Bristol passing through Barrington and Warren. That will be a walk for another day! Trail map can be found at: East Bay Bike Path North. The East Bay Bike Path Along Watchemoket Cove Rails To Trails George Redman Linear Park – Providence/East Providence George Redman Linear Park – Washington Bridge The first Washington Bridge was built over the Seekonk River in 1793. It was a covered drawbridge that connected Fox Point in Providence to Watchemoket Square in what is now East Providence. Since then several replacement spans were built along this stretch of the river. Today, you can walk across the Seekonk River on a section of the original 1930’s bridge that has been preserved. There are some informative boards near the center of the bridge explaining the history of the bridge and the surrounding area. The rest of the Washington Bridge that carries Interstate 195 over the river has been reconstructed. The linear park is made up of a bike path (part of the East Bay Bike Path) and a walking area with several park benches. The view to the south is the lower Seekonk River at India Point and Bold Point where it flows into the Providence River. The walk from India Point Park to Watchemoket Square is about six tenths of a mile. Longer distances can be added to this walk by adding India Point Park or continuing along the East Bay Bike Path. Looking Towards Providence Along The Linear Park. Along The East Bay Bike Path	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6577
__label__wiki	0.912048	0.912048	China's Space Threat: How Missiles Could Target U.S. Satellites Thread: China's Space Threat: How Missiles Could Target U.S. Satellites July 10th, 2007, 18:59 #1 At 5:28 PM EST on Jan. 11, 2007, a satellite arced over southern China. It was small â€” just 6 ft. long â€” a tiny object in the heavens, steadily bleeping its location to ground stations below, just as it had every day for the past seven years. And then it was gone, transformed into a cloud of debris hurtling at nearly 16,000 mph along the main thoroughfare used by orbiting spacecraft. It was not the start of the world's first war in space, but it could have been. It was just a test: The satellite was a defunct Chinese weather spacecraft. And the country that destroyed it was China. According to reports, a mobile launcher at the Songlin test facility near Xichang, in Sichuan province, lofted a multistage solid-fuel missile topped with a kinetic kill vehicle. Traveling nearly 18,000 mph, the kill vehicle intercepted the sat and â€” boom â€” obliterated it. "It was almost just a dead-reckoning flight with little control over the intercept path," says Phillip S. Clark, an independent British authority who has written widely on the Chinese and Russian space programs. For China, a nation that has already sent humans into space and developed intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), the technology involved in the test was hardly remarkable. But as a demonstration of a rising military posture, it was a surprisingly aggressive act, especially since China has long pushed for an international treaty banning space weapons. "The move was a dangerous step toward the abyss of weaponizing space," says Theresa Hitchens, director of the Center for Defense Information, an independent defense research group in Washington, D.C. "China held the moral high ground about space, and that test re-energized the China hawks in Congress. If we're not careful, space could become the new Wild West. You don't just go and blow things up there." In fact, after the Chinese test, India publicly stepped up its development of anti-satellite technology. And some Israeli officials have argued that, given China's record of selling missile technology to Iran, Israel should develop its own program. INTERNATIONAL THREAT For many countries, the most disturbing aspect of the test was not the potentially destabilizing sat kill, but the resulting debris, which poses a serious threat to every satellite in orbit, as well as to the International Space Station. "Space debris is a huge problem," says Laura Grego, staff scientist in the Global Security Program at the Union of Concerned Scientists. "A 1-centimeter object is very hard to track but can do considerable damage if it collides with any spacecraft at a high rate of speed." Think of a shotgun pellet traveling at 10 times the speed of a bullet, smashing into a device built to be as light as possible. And then consider that China's anti-satellite (ASAT) test produced as many as 35,000 of these pellets, or pieces of debris, in the 1-cm range. Nearly 1500 pieces were 10 cm and larger. Although the United States knew that China was planning to test ASAT technology, administration officials â€” reluctant to disclose the level of U.S. surveillance â€” chose to say nothing. China failed two or three times before successfully launching the missile in January. All the attempts were observed by the U.S. Air Force satellite system known as the Defense Support Program. Infrared telescopes on these 33-ft.-high defense satellites can spot the plumes from rockets launched anywhere on Earth. AMERICA'S OWN SAT KILLS Every industrialized country relies on satellites every day, for everything from computer networking technology to telecommunications, navigation, weather prediction, television and radio. This makes satellites especially vulnerable targets. Imagine the U.S. military suddenly without guidance for its soldiers and weapons systems, and its civilians without storm warnings or telephones. Some satellites, however, are at greater risk than others. Most spacecraft â€” including spy sats â€” are in low Earth orbit, which stretches 1240 miles into space. As the Chinese test proved, such targets could be hit with medium-range missiles tipped with crude kill devices. GPS satellites are far higher, orbiting at about 12,600 miles. Many communications sats are in the 22,000-mile range. Destroying them requires a much more powerful and sophisticated long-range ballistic missile â€” yet it can be done. "You'd need a sky-sweeping capability to comprehensively negate a space support system that is scattered all over," says John Pike, a space analyst at GlobalSecurity.org. "You'd need ICBM-size boosters â€” hundreds of them." Such an all-out satellite war would render space useless for decades to come. "There'd be so much debris up there," Clark says, "that it wouldn't be safe to put anything up in space." The United States and Russia, the two countries with proven ASAT capabilities, have long steered clear of satellites as military targets. Even during the Cold War spy sats were hands-off; the consequences of destroying them were greater than those of unwelcome surveillance. "The consensus," Clark says, "was that anybody could look at anybody else." Nevertheless, the U.S. military has spent decades designing weapons capable of killing other countries' satellites. The crudest American ASAT test, code-named Starfish Prime, took place in 1962, when the U.S. Air Force detonated a 1.4-megaton nuclear weapon at an altitude of 250 miles. The explosion, which occurred about 800 miles west of Hawaii, disabled at least six U.S. and foreign satellites â€” roughly a third of the world's low Earth orbit total. The resulting electromagnetic pulse knocked out 300 streetlights in Oahu. Clearly, nukes worked as ASAT weapons, but far too indiscriminately. To develop a more surgical capability, the Air Force launched Project Mudflap, which was designed to destroy individual Soviet satellites with missiles. But inaccurate space-guidance systems plagued early tests. Then, on May 23, 1963, the Air Force pulled off a successful intercept with a modified Nike-Zeus ballistic missile launched from Kwajalein Atoll in the Marshall Islands. It took out a rendezvous and docking target for NASA's Gemini missions at an altitude of 150 miles. Over the next several decades the Air Force graduated to more sophisticated air-launched missiles that could hit targets with far better accuracy. In 1985 the United States destroyed an American solar observation satellite using a three-stage, heat-seeking miniature vehicle fired from an F-15 fighter jet. That test, like the Chinese one earlier this year, used a kinetic kill vehicle that spewed debris into space. Funding for the program was cancelled before the air-launched system could be perfected. That same year, at the White Sands Missile Range in New Mexico, the Air Force began operating the powerful Mid-Infrared Chemical Laser. In 1997, it was used to temporarily blind sensors on an Air Force missile-launch and tracking satellite. The sat remained intact; no debris was created. And no laser tests have been conducted since. However, the current federal budget includes funding for a laser to be fired at a low Earth orbit sat from the Starfire Optical Range at Kirtland Air Force Base, in New Mexico, later this year. Some $400 million has been spent in recent years to develop another sophisticated kill vehicle â€” a three-stage missile that smacks an enemy's craft with a sheet of Mylar plastic, disabling it without producing any debris. It has yet to be fully tested, and would only work on satellites in low Earth orbit; communication and GPS sats are too high. Destroying an adversary's satellites has far-reaching implications. Do you take out only military sats or so-called civilian ones, too? Nearly every satellite has dual uses: A civilian weather satellite used for tracking hurricanes also could watch military movements. Many satellites are used by multiple nations. And once a nation disables an adversary's satellites, it puts its own in peril. As Charles Vick, a senior analyst at Global*Security says, "It's an act of war." So why did China risk provoking international hostility? The country's government has been opaque. "The experiment is not targeted at any other country," said a foreign ministry spokeswoman in Beijing. Some experts think at least part of China's motivation lies in an unclassified 2006 U.S. report on the future of military activities in space. The document reaffirms that "The United States considers space capabilities ... vital to its national interests. Consistent with this policy, the United States will: preserve its rights, capabilities, and freedom of action in space; dissuade or deter others from either impeding those rights or developing capabilities intended to do so ... and deny, if necessary, adversaries the use of space capabilities hostile to U.S. national interests." The United States "basically said it has the right to restrict the use of space to only its allies," Clark says. Adds Jeffrey G. Lewis, an arms control expert at the New America Foundation: "Much of the world was appalled at the tone of the policy. One British newspaper columnist basically said it made space the 51st state." In that context, some experts say, the Chinese test was an effort to force the issue, to show the United States the potential consequences of refusing to negotiate a favorable treaty on the military use of space. "The U.S. was restricting all these arms treaties," says Michael O'Hanlon, a senior fellow in security studies at the Brookings Institution, a Washington, D.C., think tank. "For the Chinese, [the test] was an effort to deal from a position of strength." Pike believes China may have another rationale for flexing its space muscle: Taiwan. China has long yearned to reabsorb the breakaway island state, which the United States has pledged to defend. In the short term, Pike says, China has only two strategies that could lead to a Taiwan takeover. It could bluff the U.S. in a nuclear confrontation, or it could try something altogether different: Fire medium-range missiles from mobile launchers, just as it did in the January test, and take out America's low-flying imaging satellites. Doing so might blind U.S. military planners long enough for Chinese military forces to gain a foothold on the island. "The Chinese stage these big amphibious exercises off Taiwan all the time. One day, maybe it'll be real," Pike says. "Either the U.S. will get there quickly enough to stop them or the Chinese will win the race and there won't be the American political resolve to kick them out. All the Chinese would need is time." A half-dozen sats, Pike says â€” that's all it would take. "Those satellites are low-hanging fruit. It's a no-brainer." In that scenario, the ASAT test was not really about China showing the United States its capability. It was about China confirming that its own war plan is feasible. AMERICA'S TRUMP CARD The long-term ramifications of the test will take years to play out, but, for now, few observers think China scored any gains. "It was a mistake," O'Hanlon says. It fueled American hard-liners who want to restrict American technological cooperation with China. And, "It doesn't help China's case saying it isn't a threatening military power," Vick says. "It is a threat, and the test showed that." Whether the United States suddenly accelerates its ASAT capability beyond the testing phase remains to be seen. The country is in the midst of a war; budgets are already tight. Russia is not perceived as a threat and China has only 60 satellites â€” few of these are worth shooting down. America's most robust ASAT weapons were not designed for destroying satellites at all â€” they are missiles developed and operated by the Missile Defense Agency (MDA), formerly known as the Strategic Defense Initiative. All U.S. ballistic missiles are actually dual-use, and while their ability to shoot down incoming rockets has been proven only in tests, it would be easy to direct them against any low Earth orbit satellite. Twenty-four MDA missiles are operational in Alaska and California, far more than would be needed, Pike says, to handle any immediate ASAT needs. There is, he says, "just nothing to shoot at." For now, that is. The militarization of space has long been debated. With one blown-up old weather satellite, China has made the prospect of a new arms race far more likely. It showed the world that it is willing to go toe-to-toe up in the final frontier. January 14th, 2011, 12:42 #2 Re: China's Space Threat: How Missiles Could Target U.S. Satellites U.S. warns on China cyber, anti-satellite capability Secretary of Defense Robert Gates (L) and China's President Hu Jintao (R) meet at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing January 11, 2011. Credit: Reuters/Larry Downing By Phil Stewart TOKYO \| Thu Jan 13, 2011 7:21pm EST TOKYO (Reuters) - Advances by China's military in cyber and anti-satellite warfare technology could challenge the ability of U.S. forces to operate in the Pacific, U.S. Defense Secretary Robert Gates said on Friday during a visit to Japan. Just days after meetings in China meant to bolster ties with its military, Gates renewed concerns about a buildup by the People's Liberation Army, which flexed its muscle this week with its first-ever test flight of a stealth fighter jet. China also plans to develop aircraft carriers, anti-satellite missiles and other advanced systems which have alarmed the region and the United States, the dominant military power in the Pacific. "Questions about (China's) intentions and opaque military modernization program have been a source of concern to its neighbors," Gates said, addressing university students in Tokyo. The comments were part of a broad speech drawing attention to the importance of U.S. military ties with Japan, where roughly 49,000 U.S. military personnel are stationed. Without the forward presence of U.S. troops in Japan, China "might behave more assertively toward its neighbors", he said. Gates cited a territorial dispute between Japan and China that flared up last year, calling it an example of why the U.S. alliance with Japan was so important. "Questions about China's growing role in the region manifest themselves in territorial disputes, most recently in the incident in September near the Senkaku Islands," Gates said, using the Japanese name for them. In China they are called the Diaoyu islands. Still, Gates said he did not see China as an "inevitable strategic adversary". President Hu Jintao will visit the United States next week, and Gates noted that Hu and U.S. President Barack Obama had called on their militaries to strengthen ties -- one of the most brittle links in overall Sino-U.S. relations. "It is precisely because we have questions about China's military -- just as they might have similar questions about the United States -- that I believe a healthy dialogue is needed," he said. CYBER WARFARE? Worry about China has convinced Japan of the need to repair an alliance frayed last year by a feud over a U.S. air base as well as efforts by Japan's Democratic Party-led government to forge a diplomatic stance less dependent on Washington. In a sweeping update of its defense policies, Japan last month pledged tighter security ties with the United States. Analysts say China's military advances appear designed to counter U.S. capabilities in the Pacific, despite assurances from Beijing that its modernization is peaceful. Gates cited U.S. concerns about its cyber and space capabilities, specifically. "Advances by the Chinese military in cyber and anti-satellite warfare poses a potential challenge to the ability of our forces to operate and communicate in this part of the Pacific," Gates said. "Fortunately, (the) United States and Japan maintain a qualitative edge in satellite and computer technology." Beijing carried out a watershed anti-satellite test in January 2007, using a ground-based missile to knock out one of its inactive weather satellites in high polar orbit. No advance notice of the test was given. U.S. officials have also voiced concern about its investment in anti-ship missiles, which could challenge U.S. aircraft carriers in the Pacific. Gates called for greater cooperation with Japan on missile defense, citing the North Korean threat. "North Korea's ballistic missiles -- along with the proliferation of these weapons to other countries -- require a more effective alliance missile defense capability," he said, ahead of a trip to Seoul later on Friday. He said the U.S. troops in Japan also were an important deterrent for North Korea following the sinking of a South Korean warship and the shelling of a South Korean island last year. They will eventually drop a nuclear weapon there, and wait... wait... wait... use it. Boom. EMP February 3rd, 2011, 03:30 #4 LEAKED: US and China in military standoff over space missiles The United States threatened to take military action against China during a secret "star wars" arms race within the past few years, according to leaked documents obtained by The Daily Telegraph. By Tim Ross, Holly Watt and Christopher Hope 9:00PM GMT 02 Feb 2011 Comments The two nuclear superpowers both shot down their own satellites using sophisticated missiles in separate show of strength, the files suggest. The American Government was so incensed by Chinese actions in space that it privately warned Beijing it would face military action if it did not desist. The Chinese carried out further tests as recently as last year, however, leading to further protests from Hillary Clinton, the US Secretary of State, secret documents show. Beijing justified its actions by accusing the Americans of developing an “offensive” laser weapon system that would have the capability of destroying missiles before they left enemy territory. The disclosures are contained in the latest documents obtained by the Wikileaks website, which have been released to The Telegraph. They detail the private fears of both superpowers as they sought mastery of the new military frontier. The “star wars” arms race was began in January 2007 when China shocked the White House by shooting down one of its weather satellite 530 miles above the Earth. The strike, which resulted in thousands of pieces of debris orbiting the earth, raised fears that the Chinese had the power to cause chaos by destroying US military and civilian satellites. In February 2008, America launched its own “test” strike to destroy a malfunctioning American satellite, which demonstrated to the Chinese it also had the capability to strike in space. America stated at the time that the strike was not a military test but a necessary mission to remove a faulty spy satellite. The leaked documents appear to show its true intentions. One month before the strike, the US criticised Beijing for launching its own “anti-satellite test”, noting: “The United States has not conducted an anti-satellite test since 1985.” In a formal diplomatic protest, officials working for Condoleezza Rice, the then secretary of state, told Beijing: “A Chinese attack on a satellite using a weapon launched by a ballistic missile threatens to destroy space systems that the United States and other nations use for commerce and national security. Destroying satellites endangers people.” The warning continued: “Any purposeful interference with US space systems will be interpreted by the United States as an infringement of its rights and considered an escalation in a crisis or conflict. “The United States reserves the right, consistent with the UN Charter and international law, to defend and protect its space systems with a wide range of options, from diplomatic to military.” The Chinese strike in 2007 was highly controversial, prompting criticism from other nations and claims that it marked a revival of President Reagan’s “Star Wars” programme, that was abandoned in the 1980s. A month after the Chinese strike, America shot down one of its own satellites, ostensibly to stop it returning to earth with a toxic fuel tank which would pose a health hazard. The Chinese did not believe the explanation. In secret dispatches, US officials indicated that the strike was, in fact, military in nature. Immediately after the US Navy missile destroyed the satellite, the American Embassy in China received “direct confirmation of the results of the anti-satellite test” from the US military command in the Pacific, according to a secret memo. The strike marked the high point of tensions between Washington and Beijing over the issue of ballistic missile defence. The cables show that China was deeply concerned about America’s plans to place missile defence radars in Japan. Another document discloses that the US was allegedly developing an “airborne laser system” to counter the threat from “Chinese military build up”. The Chinese government was said to be “angry” about the US satellite exercise in February 2008. For months after the US strike, the two countries engaged in tense talks over the issue. At a summit on defence in June 2008, the American delegation told the Chinese that Washington did not regard China as “an enemy”. China replied that it saw the two powers “as neither allies nor adversaries”. The Chinese assistant foreign minister complained that the US missile defence programme was not simply “defensive” but also “offensive” because “it includes lasers that attack a missile in launch phase over the sovereign territory of the launching country”. The most recent cable in the collection was sent from the office of Mrs Clinton in January 2010. It claimed that US intelligence detected that China had launched a fresh anti-satellite missile test. Crucially, Washington wanted to keep secret its knowledge that the missile test was linked to China’s previous space strikes. The cable, marked “secret” said the Chinese army had sent an SC-19 missile that successfully destroyed a CSS-X-11 missile about 150 miles above the Earth. “This test is assessed to have furthered both Chinese ASAT [anti-satellite] and ballistic missile defense technologies,” stated the memo to the US embassy in Beijing. Mrs Clinton’s cable stressed that “the Obama administration” retained the Bush-era concerns over Chinese space weapon plans. There is growing concern over the potential for nuclear states or terrorists to attack western countries using space. Last September, Dr Liam Fox, the Defence Secretary, warned that rogue countries or terrorist groups could wipe out electronic systems by producing an electromagnetic pulse through a nuclear explosion high above the Earth. On Wednesday night, a Pentagon spokesman said: "The President's June 2010 National Space Policy requires the Dept. of Defense (DoD) to have a range of options and capabilities. Our overriding objective is to promote the peaceful use of space. "The United States did not engage our own satellite to test or demonstrate an anti-satellite (ASAT) capability. The purpose was to prevent the satellite's hydrazine fuel from causing potential harm to life on the ground. "To conduct this engagement, we had to make modifications to three sea-based missile defense interceptors, three ships, and the system's command and control software. "We have not made these modifications to any other missile defense system, nor do we plan to. Our missile defense systems are not intended or designed to engage satellites." Today The Daily Telegraph publishes another 39 leaked cables on its website, bringing the total to 550 in three days. US vs China in battle of the anti-satellite space weapons On the night of Feb 20, 2008, Robert Gates, the US Defence Secretary, was on a plane to Hawaii when his telephone rang. The US and China shot their own satellites out of space By Tim Ross and Holly Watt 9:00PM GMT 02 Feb 2011 It was a conference call from the Air Force General, Kevin Chilton, the head of US Strategic Command, and Marine General James Cartwright, the vice-chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. They told him the conditions were “ripe” to launch what can now be disclosed was a secret test of America’s anti-satellite weapons, Washington’s first such strike in space for 23 years. That night, the US navy’s Ticonderoga-class cruiser, USS Lake Erie, scored a direct hit on an American spy satellite, known as USA 193. The missile used, a highly sophisticated SM-3, took about three minutes to climb 150 miles above the Earth, where it flew past the satellite before turning back and destroying the target at an impact speed of 22,000mph. The strike came about a year after the Chinese government had launched its own satellithe attack, which started a secret “space war”, The Daily Telegraph can disclose. For months the two super powers had been engaged in a private and increasingly acrimonious row over China’s use of weapons in space – an international taboo since President Ronald Reagan abandoned the “star wars” programme in the 1980s. The clash began on Jan 11, 2007, when Beijing shocked the world – including George W Bush’s White House – by destroying a Chinese weather satellite with a ballistic missile. The strike, 530 miles above the Earth, dramatically demonstrated China’s new ability to destroy the satellites of enemy nations. The threat was obvious. Without navigation or spy satellites, much of America’s military would be vulnerable. Led by the White House, the West reacted with outrage. Leaked US embassy files disclose that Clark Randt, the American ambassador in Beijing, delivered a strongly worded protest to He Yefei, the Chinese assistant foreign minister, on Jan 15, 2007. The documents show that the scale of American concern over the test was far greater in private than was admitted publicly. By January 2008, Condoleezza Rice, the Secretary of State, raised the prospect of “military” action to protect American space systems. In a “secret” complaint to the Chinese, she said: “Any purposeful interference with US space systems will be interpreted by the United States as an infringement of its rights and considered an escalation in a crisis or conflict. The United States reserves the right, consistent with the UN Charter and international law, to defend and protect its space systems with a wide range of options, from diplomatic to military.” Washington was particularly concerned about the 2,500 pieces of debris – and 100,000 smaller fragments – from the destroyed Chinese craft. Some of the pieces would remain in orbit around the Earth for the next 100 years and pose a risk to the US Space Shuttle and the International Space Station, Miss Rice said. She also pointed out that America had not tested an anti-satellite weapon since 1985. Just a month later this had changed. In February 2008, Mr Gates – with the backing of Mr Bush – decided that diplomacy was not enough. The missile was fired. In public, the Bush administration denied that the strike, which cost an estimated $30 million, was anything except a safety measure. A broken US spy satellite was falling towards the Earth and posed a risk to human health from its toxic fuel tank, officials said. Destroying the craft in space was the safest option, they claimed. Most satellites are left to burn out as they re-enter the atmosphere. The leaked embassy cables disclose that Washington’s decision to shoot down spy satellite USA 193 caused private “anger” and anxiety in Beijing. The Chinese “repeatedly emphasised that the United States should provide information on the planned satellite interception prior to releasing the information to CNN”, according to a secret memo sent from the Beijing Embassy on Feb 22, 2008. Crucially, the cable also confirms that the US government always appeared to regard the strike as a military “test”. The file, marked “secret”, states: “On Feb 21 (Beijing time), Post received direct confirmation of the results of the anti-satellite test directly from PACOM [US Pacific command], and with Admiral Keating’s permission, Post immediately informed AFM [Assistant Foreign Minister] Liu Jieyi.” In January 2010, American intelligence detected a fresh Chinese anti-satellite test. This time Beijing destroyed one of its own missiles, rather than a satellite, 150 miles above Earth. The Americans regarded the move as an “anti-satellite test”. Hillary Clinton, President Barack Obama’s newly installed Secretary of State, sent a fresh protest to the Chinese government, demanding to know: “What is the direction of China’s BMD [Ballistic Missile Defence] programme?” The State Department told US diplomats in Beijing that the Obama administration shared President Bush’s fears over China’s plans. “US objections to China’s direct-ascent anti-satellite testing,” Mrs Clinton’s officials wrote, “are still valid and reflect the policy of the United States.” I knew it. Told ya so. February 1st, 2013, 21:49 #7 China's Space Activities Raising U.S. Satellite Security Concerns By Andrea Shalal-Esa/Reuters The United States is concerned about China’s expanding ability to disrupt the most sensitive U.S. military and intelligence satellites, as Beijing pursues its expanded ambitions in space, according to multiple sources in the U.S. government and outside space experts. A classified U.S. intelligence assessment completed late last year analyzed China’s increasing activities in space and mapped out the growing vulnerability of U.S. satellites that provide secure military communications, warn about enemy missile launches and provide precise targeting coordinates, said the sources, who were not authorized to speak publicly. “It was a very credible and sobering assessment that is now provoking a lot of activities in different quarters,” said one former government official who is familiar with U.S. national security satellite programs. The intelligence report raised red flags about Beijing’s ability to disrupt satellites in higher orbits, which could put the most sensitive U.S. spacecraft at risk, according to the sources. China has already conducted several anti-satellite tests at lower orbital levels in recent years. Given the heightened concerns, Washington is keeping a watchful eye on Chinese activities that could be used to disrupt U.S. satellites. It is also urging Beijing to avoid a repeat of its January 2007 test that created an enormous amount of “space junk,” said one senior defense official. Details of the latest Chinese moves that have raised U.S. concerns remain classified. U.S. officials charge that China’s anti-satellite activities are part of a major military modernization that has seen Beijing test two new stealth fighters; step up cyber attacks on foreign computer networks; and launch more commercial and military satellites in 2012 than the United States. China still lags behind the United States in most military fields. “What we’re seeing is a heightened sense in the United States that China is a potential threat and that it has the technology to be a threat if it wishes to,” said Jonathan McDowell, with the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. “As China becomes a space superpower, and given that it does have a significant military component to its space program, it is inevitable that the U.S. will be concerned about threats to its most valued satellite systems, whether or not China actually intends to deploy such aggressive systems,” he said. CREATING SPACE DEBRIS Six years ago, on January 11, 2007, China destroyed one of its own defunct weather satellites in low-earth orbit, which created over 10,000 pieces of debris that pose a threat to other spacecraft. A less-destructive test followed on January 11, 2010. Space experts and U.S. officials say they expect China to continue testing anti-satellite technologies, although they doubt it would repeat the 2007 test, given the massive international outcry it triggered. Gregory Kulacki, a respected researcher with the Union of Concerned Scientists, reported earlier this month on the group’s website that there was “a strong possibility” of a new anti-satellite test by China within the next few weeks. He said Chinese sources had told him in November that an announcement about an upcoming anti-satellite test had been circulated within the Chinese government, and a high-ranking U.S. defense official confirmed in December that Washington was “very concerned” about an imminent Chinese anti-satellite test. The Chinese Defense Ministry did not respond to emailed queries by Reuters’ Beijing office on the question. The Pentagon said it was aware of reports predicting another test, but declined comment on what it called “intelligence matters.” “We monitor carefully China’s military developments and urge China to exhibit greater transparency regarding its capabilities and intentions,” said Lieutenant Colonel Monica Matoush. Sources within the U.S. government and outside experts said there was no immediate evidence pointing to the preparations for the type of satellite or rocket launches used by China for past anti-satellite tests at lower orbits. But they said Beijing could test its anti-satellite weapons in other ways that would be harder to detect, such as by jamming a satellite’s signals from the ground or issuing a powerful electromagnetic pulse from one satellite to disable another. China could also maneuver two satellites very close together at higher orbits, replicating actions it has already taken in lower orbits in August 2010 and November 2010. Such activities could be used to perform maintenance or test docking capabilities for human spaceflight, but could clearly be used for more destructive purposes as well, they said. The United States has continued to test its own anti-satellite capabilities. In February 2008, a missile fired from a U.S. Navy cruiser in the north Pacific destroyed an ailing American satellite in orbit. The U.S. government said the satellite’s toxic fuel posed a risk upon re-entry of the earth’s atmosphere. Skeptics said the test was a message to China. Any further anti-satellite test by China would be troubling, especially if it occurred at higher altitudes, said Bruce MacDonald, a former White House official who is now a senior director at the U.S. Institute of Peace. The United States operates its fleet of Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites in medium earth orbit about 11,000 miles above the surface of the earth, while U.S. military communications and early missile warning satellites are located in geostationary orbit 22,000 miles above the equator. Brian Weeden, technical adviser for the nonprofit Secure World Foundation and a former Air Force space and missile expert, said a Chinese anti-satellite test at those higher orbits would put U.S. satellites at risk. “Some critical U.S. assets in that region have been assumed for the most part to be safe from those kind of attacks,” he said. “Such tests would signal that they’re not.” Another reason the SR-71 shouldn't have been retired, in my opinion. A solid backup to our satellite net. Companion Threads: China's role on world stage is no cause for alarm, says Barack Obama President Obama will urge China to join US in ‘world leadership’ Is China developing a beachhead inside the borders of America? Port of Los Angeles Security Falls Under Control of the PRC Idaho State's Businesses sold to China Obama has private meeting with China Chinese Trash Talk Second Amendment China buying up energy reserves in U.S. At Michigan Universities, Enrollment Of Chinese Students Is Soaring Obama: Americans Have Been 'A Little Bit Lazy' Over The Past Few Decades President blames America while running economy into the ground Obama: "We Welcome China's Rise" China's rapid growth is often painted as a threat to American interests. But President Obama said today that the country's economic progress benefits the United States and opens the door to greater international stability and humanitarian progress. "We welcome China's rise," Mr. Obama said at a press conference at the White House with Chinese President Hu Jintao. "I absolutely believe that China's peaceful rise is good for the world, and it's good for America." February 3rd, 2013, 17:08 #10 Told ya this was coming. I also said a couple of years back that a HEMP would be directed at us from Russia. Now... it will be China. March 9th, 2013, 19:40 #11 Russian Satellite Hit by Debris from Chinese Anti-Satellite Test by Leonard David, SPACE.com’s Space Insider Columnist Date: 08 March 2013 Time: 05:25 PM ET A small Russian spacecraft in orbit appears to have been struck by Chinese space junk from a 2007 anti-satellite test, likely damaging the Russian craft, possibly severely, SPACE.com has learned. The space collision appears to have occurred on Jan. 22, when a chunk of China's Fengyun 1C satellite, which was intentionally destroyed by that country in a 2007 anti-satellite demonstration, struck the Russian spacecraft, according to an analysis by the Center for Space Standards & Innovation (CSSI) in Colorado Springs, Colorado. CSSI technical program manager T.S. Kelso reported that the collision involved the Chinese space junk and Russia's small Ball Lens In The Space (BLITS) retroreflector satellite, a 17-pound (7.5 kilograms). The Fengyun 1C satellite debris was created during China's anti-satellite test on Jan. 11, 2007, and has posed a threat to satellites and crewed spacecraft ever since. Evidence of the space junk collision was first reported on Feb. 4 by Russian scientists Vasiliy Yurasov and Andrey Nazarenko, both with the Institute for Precision Instrument Engineering (IPIE) in Moscow. They reported a "significant change" in the orbit of the BLITS satellite to the CSSI. [Watch the Animation: Russian Satellite Hit by Space Junk] It is not immediately clear whether the satellite is merely wounded or completely incapacitated. The space collision is the second substantial in-space accident between an active spacecraft and a defunct satellite or piece of space debris. In February 2009, a U.S. communications satellite was destroyed when it was hit by a defunct Russian military satellite, creating a vast debris cloud in orbit. Tiny Russian satellite hit and Russia's small Ball Lens In The Space (BLITS) retroreflector satellite is a 17-pound (7.5 kilograms) built for satellite laser ranging experiments. It launched in 2009 and was expected to last five years in space before it was struck by Chinese space junk on Jan. 22, 2013. CREDIT: IPIE, NASAView full size image The BLITS satellite is a nanosatellite consisting of two outer hemispheres made of a low-refraction-index glass, and an inner ball lens made of a high-refraction-index glass. It was launched in 2009 as a secondary payload on a Russian rocket and tracked by the International Laser Ranging Service for precision satellite laser-ranging experiments. In addition to noticing the satellite's change in orbit, Yurasov and Nazarenko also detected changes in the spacecraft's spin velocity and attitude. [Worst Space Debris Events of All Time] Satellite laser ranging use short-pulse lasers and state-of-the-art optical receivers and timing electronics to measure the two-way time of flight (and hence distance) from ground stations to retroreflector arrays on Earth orbiting satellites. On Feb. 28, the International Laser Ranging Service confirmed that the BLITS nanosatellite had collided with a piece of space debris. "As a result, an abrupt change occurred of the BLITS orbit parameters (a decrease of the orbiting period)," ILRS officials explained. Besides this, as could be seen from an SLR station photometrical observation results, the BLITS spin period had changed from 5.6 sec before collision to 2.1 sec after collision. The ILRS Central Bureau is based at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md. Known orbit planes of Fengyun-1C debris one month after its 2007 disintegration by a Chinese anti-satellite (ASAT) interceptor. The white orbit represents the International Space Station. CREDIT: NASA Orbital Debris Program OfficeView full size image A change in orbits The analysis by Russian scientists found that the orbital change on the BLITS satellite occurred on Jan. 22 at 2:57 a.m. EST (0757 GMT). "They requested help in determining whether these changes might have been the result of a collision with another object in orbit," the CSSI's Kelso explained in a blog post. Wipe out in the heavens: Last month China destroyed one of its own – an aging Fengyun-1C weather satellite – via an anti-satellite test. CREDIT: Federation of American Scientists.View full size image Starting from the hypothesis that an object capable of causing this change in the orbit of BLITS might be large enough to be tracked by the U.S. Space Surveillance Network, CSSI reviewed its own Satellite Orbital Conjunction Reports Assessing Threatening Encounters in Space, which is an archived database of potential space debris threats. That review discovered only one close approach with another object, although it was supposed to be far apart, occurred for the BLITS satellite on Jan. 22. "Although the predicted distance would seem to preclude a collision, the fact that the close approach occurred within 10 seconds of the estimated change in orbit made it appear likely that this piece of Fengyun 1C debris actually collided with BLITS," Kelso wrote. The CSSI is continuing to work with Yurasov and Nazarenko to further assess the circumstances of this likely collision. More review needed Kelso told SPACE.com that he is trying to address technical questions on this event, such as whether the individual masses of the pieces can be determined to assess how big of a piece might have come off of BLITS satellite. Kelso said that the U.S. military’s Joint Space Operations Center released on March 3 the first two-line element set (TLE) — a data format used to convey sets of orbital elements that describe the orbits of Earth-orbiting satellites — for debris associated with BLITS. That information further confirms CSSI’s analysis, Kelso said. The threat of space debris to satellites and crewed spacecraft orbiting Earth has been a growing problem. There are thought to be about 600,000 objects larger than 1 cm (0.39 inches) in diameter orbiting Earth, and at least 16,000 larger than 10 cm (3.9 inches), space debris trackers have said. March 11th, 2013, 12:54 #12 Very interesting.... May 15th, 2013, 14:43 #13 China Conducts Test of New Anti-Satellite Missile Launch was disguised as a space-exploration rocket China’s military on Monday conducted the first test of a new ground-launched anti-satellite missile that was fired into space and disguised as a space-exploration rocket, according to U.S. officials. The test was carried out early Monday from the Xichang Space Launch center and was identified by officials as the new Dong Ning-2 ASAT missile. The ASAT test comes a week after China protested the release of the Pentagon’s annual report on the Chinese military buildup that mentioned Beijing’s development of anti-satellite weapons. The Free Beacon first disclosed the existence of the new missile in October and a missile researcher reported in January that a new ASAT missile was being readied for its first test. Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Hong Lei was asked if China conducted an ASAT test during a briefing for reporters in Beijing on Tuesday. He did not deny that it was carried out. “I am not aware of the development that you described,” he said. “China has consistently advocated the peaceful use of outer space and is opposed to militarizing and conducting an arms race in outer space.” Pentagon spokeswoman Maj. Cathy Wilkinson said: “We don’t have a comment on it as we don’t discuss intelligence.” A U.S. official familiar with intelligence reports said the DN-2, as a high earth-orbit attack missile, is a significant advance for China’s program of developing asymmetric warfare capabilities for use against the United States. Others include cyber-warfare capabilities and anti-ship ballistic missiles. It could not be learned if the latest ASAT test involved an impact with a target satellite. A second official said the Chinese apparently disguised the ASAT missile test as a space exploration experiment. The website of the National Space Science Center, part of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, reported Monday that a sounding rocket was used in a high-altitude scientific exploration test. “This experiment used a high-altitude space-exploring rocket, Langmuir probe, high-energetic particle detectors, magnetometers and barium-powder release experimental apparatus and other payload of scientific exploration to test and measure the ionosphere, the high-energy particles and magnetic fields of the near-Earth space strength and structure,” the notice said. China in 2007 conducted its first successful hit-to-kill ASAT test against a weather satellite in low-earth orbit. The impact left tens of thousands of pieces of debris in orbit that continue to threaten both manned and unmanned spacecraft. Defense officials have said China’s ASAT weapons, including missile interceptors, lasers, and electronic jammers, are designed to disrupt satellite communications and navigation systems used extensively by the U.S. military in conducting joint warfare. Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel stated in written answers to questions during his confirmation hearing in January that the United States would seek to avoid engaging in hostilities in space. However, Hagel revealed that U.S. space policy calls for “the secretary of defense to develop capabilities, plans and options to deter, defend against, and, if necessary, defeat efforts to interfere with or attack U.S. or allied space systems.” The statement was the clearest indication that the Pentagon is preparing to develop “counterspace” weapons in response to Chinese anti-satellite weapons. “The chances are good this is indeed an ASAT test as it was launched from the Xichang Space Launch Center, the same launch site used for the January 2007 successful SC-19 ASAT interception of a Chinese weather satellite,” said Rick Fisher, a senior fellow at the International Assessment and Strategy Center. Xichang is located in southern Sichuan Province. Fisher said Chinese Internet reports stated that the ASAT test of what U.S. official say was a DN-2 may have up to four stages and included one or two liquid-fueled upper stages to provide greater thrust as the missile closed in on a target. “While there so far has been no report of a successful interception, even a very near miss would serve to validate this new [People’s Liberation Army] ASAT system,” Fisher said. A validated DN-2 ASAT system would provide the Chinese military with the capability to “degrade or severely damage the U.S. Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) system,” he said. “This is not merely a threat against some American military satellites, but a threat to a what has become a vital part of the global electronic infrastructure, affecting global commerce and financial flows, to your personal finances that contribute to personal freedom.” Fisher said China has been “preaching” that other states should disarm while Beijing secretly builds space weaponry at the same time it has denied being engaged in the space arms buildup. “In the face of such a threat, the United States simply has no choice but to pursue symmetric capabilities to deter Chinese attacks in space, but also to consider its own requirements for space superiority,” he said. The major concern for Pentagon war planners is that China, with an arsenal of around two dozen anti-satellite missiles, could severely disrupt U.S. command-and-control systems, intelligence-gathering satellites, and navigation satellites used to guide precision guided missiles. Security analyst Gregory Kulacki said in an online posting in January that the ASAT test was expected as early as that month. “Given these high-level administration concerns and past Chinese practice, there seems to be a strong possibility China will conduct an ASAT test within the next few weeks,” Kulacki, a Chinese-language speaker with the Union of Concerned Scientists stated. Defense officials disclosed to the Free Beacon that the DN-2 test was initially planned for last fall, but was delayed by the Chinese over concerns that the test would upset President Barack Obama’s reelection bid. While details of the DN-2 are not known, U.S. officials said it is expected to be a high earth-orbit interceptor capable of destroying strategic navigation, communication, or intelligence satellites by ramming into them at high speeds. The DN-2 is said to be capable of hitting targets in high-earth orbit between 12,000 and 22,236 miles above earth. Many military, intelligence, and commercial satellites orbit at that altitude. A Pentagon-State Department report to Congress last year on export controls stated that in addition to ground-launched ASAT missiles, China is building high-technology kinetic and direct energy weapons for ASAT use. Meanwhile, North Korea has announced the Witch Killer satellite - called the Ding Dong Bucket of Water sat. August 22nd, 2013, 22:03 #15 Surprise Chinese Satellite Maneuvers Mystify Western Experts Marcia S. Smith Posted: 19-Aug-2013 Updated: 19-Aug-2013 05:37 PM China is the midst of conducting unusual satellite maneuvers involving a new satellite launched last month and an older satellite in orbit for eight years. Exactly what capabilities the Chinese are demonstrating remains unclear to western analysts. Alerted by a tweet from Hong Kong-based @cosmic_penguin, Bob Christy of zarya.info spread the word that one of three Chinese satellites launched together on July 19 made a sudden maneuver yesterday. The satellite, Shiyan 7 (SY-7, Experiment 7), already had completed a series of orbital changes that put it close to one of the companion satellites with which it was launched -- Chuangxin 3 (CX-3). Suddenly, however, it made a surprise rendezvous with a completely different satellite, Shijian 7 (SJ-7, Practice 7), launched in 2005. Jonathan McDowell of Jonathan's Space Report characterizes SJ-7's own mission as "mysterious." Over the past eight years, it has changed its orbit several times followed by long periods of "quiescent decay." Its most recent orbit change was in January 2013 according to McDowell. As for SY-7, it was launched last month along with CX-3 and Shijian-15 (SJ-15). China's Xinhua news service said at the time that all three satellites would be used to conduct "scientific experiments on space maintenance technologies." Christy reported soon after launch that "[i]t is known" that one of the three satellites carries "a prototype manipulator arm to capture other satellites" that might be "a predecessor of an arm destined to be aboard China's large space station set for launch in 2020 or soon thereafter." He could not confirm which of the three satellites carries that arm. McDowell said that SY-7 "is testing a robotic arm," while SJ-15 was thought to be observing space debris and CX-3 might be carrying "technology experiments and/or serve as a target for the robotic arm tests." After a series of minor orbital adjustments, the first unexpected orbit change for SY-7 occurred on August 16 according to Christy, who said that it suddenly lowered its orbit by 150 kilometers. Christy's analysis at the time suggested that it was preparing to rendezvous with CX-3. Then, yesterday (August 18) it rendezvoused with SJ-7 instead. Christy reports that as of this morning SY-7 and SJ-7 remain about 2 kilometers apart in a 565 x 610 kilometer orbit. Christy remarks that "[t]here are several possibilities for what looked like a space station rendezvous and docking simulation....satellite inspector, satellite servicing experiment, ASAT..?" ASAT stands for antisatellite, a capability to render a satellite non-operational. China conducted an ASAT test in 2007 when it launched a satellite interceptor against one of its own satellites. The test was successful in that it destroyed the satellite, but the resulting cloud of more than 3,000 pieces of space debris in a heavily used part of Earth orbit resulted in international condemnation and spurred efforts to develop an internationally accepted code of conduct to ensure space sustainability. Christy refers to the satellite as "Payload C" because the three satellites so far are designated only as A, B and C in the U.S. catalog of space objects (publicly available on SpaceTrack) rather than being identified by their official names. He adds that "the strongest indications are" that Payload A is SJ-15, Payload B is CX-3, and Payload C is SY-7. There is nothing unclear about this "mystery". We know precisely what they are doing. Exactly. I can tell you - though there are several possibilities, the probabilities are very HIGH they are building and designing, as well as testing a maneuverable ASAT. Secondarily, they are working to produce a satellite that can be "quietly" moved where they want it, and detonate it when they are ready, thus creating a massive EMP over the US, Europe or some perceived "enemy". The Chinese have been working toward this since we pointed this crap out years ago. For those who don't understand... The following speech text was recorded and translated by Mr. John R. Rarick, Chairman of the U.S. Day Committee following de-briefing by U.S. Intelligence sources who corroborated its authenticity. (Why has this chilling warning not been debated on “Meet the Press” or any CNN show?? The consistent references by Chi Haotian to Nazi Germany’s model of race superiority should bechilling in the extreme to our modern sensibilities.) “Comrades, I’m very excited today, because the large-scale online survey sina.com that was done for us showed that our next generation is quite promising and our Party’s cause will be carried on. In answering thequestion, “Will you shoot at women, children and prisoners of war,” more than 80 per cent of the respondents answered in the affirmative, exceeding by far our expectations. Today I’d like to focus on why we asked sina.com to conduct this online survey among our people. My speech today is a sequel to my speech last time, during which I started with a discussion of the issue of the three islands [Taiwan, Diaoyu Islands and the Spratley Islands --- Ott] and mentioned that 20 years of the idyllic theme of ‘peace and development’ had come to an end, and concluded that modernization under the saber is the only option for China’s next phase. I also mentioned we have a vital stake overseas.The central issue of this survey appears to be whether one should shoot at women, children and prisoners of war, but its real significance goes far beyond that. Ostensibly, our intention is mainly to figure out what the Chinese people’s attitude towards war is: If these future soldiers do not hesitate to kill even non-combatants, they’ll naturally be doubly ready and ruthless in killing combatants. Therefore, the responses to the survey questions may reflect the general attitude people have towards war……..We wanted to know: If China’s global development will necessitate massive deaths in enemy countries, will our people endorse that scenario? Will they be for or against it? The fact is, our ‘development’ refers to the great revitalization of the Chinese nation, which, of course, is not limited to the land we have now but also includes the whole world. As everybody knows, according to the views propagated by the Western scholars, humanity as a whole originated from one single mother in Africa. Therefore no race can claim racial superiority. However, according to the research conducted by most Chinese scholars, the Chinese are different from other races on earth. We did not originate in Africa. Instead, we originated independently in the land of China. Therefore, we can rightfully assert that we are the product of cultural roots of more than a million years, civilization and progress of more than ten thousand years, an ancient nation of five thousand years,and a single Chinese entity of two thousand years. This is the Chinese nation that calls itself ‘descendants of Yan and Huang.’ During our long history, our people have disseminated throughout the Americas and the regions along the Pacific Rim, and they became Indians in the Americas and the East Asian ethnic groups in the South Pacific. We all know that on account of our national superiority, during the thriving and prosperous Tang Dynasty our civilization was at the peak of the world. We were the centre of the world civilization, and no other civilization in the world was comparable to ours. Later on, because of our complacency,narrow-mindedness, and the self-enclosure of our own country, we were surpassed by Western civilization, and the centre of the world shifted to the West.In reviewing history, one may ask: Will the centre of the world civilization shift back to China? Actually, Comrade Liu Huaqing made similar points in early 1980’s Based on an historical analysis, he pointed out that the centre of world civilization is shifting. It shifted from the East to Western Europe and later to the United States; now it is shifting back to the East. Therefore, if we refer to the 19th Century as the British Century and the 20th century as the American Century, then the 21st Century will be the Chinese Century!! (Wild applause fills the auditorium.) Our Chinese people are wiser than the Germans because,fundamentally, our race is superior to theirs. As a result, we have a longer history, more people, and larger land area. On this basis, our ancestors left us with the two most essential heritages, which are atheism and great unity. It was Confucius, the founder of our Chinese culture, who gave us these heritages. These two heritages determined that we have a stronger ability to survive than the West. That is why the Chinese race has been able to prosper for so long. We are destined ‘not to be buried by either heaven or earth’ no matter how severe the natural, man-made, and national disasters. This is our advantage. Take response to war as an example.The reason that the United States remains today is that it has never seen war on its mainland. Once its enemies aim at the mainland, the enemies would have already reached Washington before its congress finishes debating and authorizes the president to declare war. But for us, we don’t waste time on these trivial things. Maybe you have now come to understand why we recently decided to further promulgate atheism. If we let theology from the West into China and empty us from the inside, if we let all Chinese people listen to God and follow God, who will obediently listen to us and follow us? If the common people don’t believe Comrade Hu Jintao is a qualified leader, begin to question his authority, and want to monitor him, if the religious followers in our society question why we are leading God in churches, can our Party continue to rule China?? The first pressing issue facing us is living space. This is the biggest focus of the revitalization of the Chinese race. In my last speech, I said that the fight over basic living resources (including land and ocean) is the source of the vast majority of wars in history. This may change in the information age, but not fundamentally. Our per capita resources are much less than those of Germany’s back then. In addition, economic development in the last twenty-plus years had a negative impact, and climates are rapidly changing for the worse. Our resources are in very short supply. The environment is severely polluted, especially that of soil,water, and air. Not only our ability to sustain and develop our race, but even its survival is gravely threatened, to a degree much greater than faced Germany back then. Anybody who has been to Western countries knows that their living space is much better than ours. They have forests alongside the highways,while we hardly have any trees by our streets. Their sky is often blue with white clouds, while our sky is covered with a layer of dark haze. Their tap water is clean enough for drinking, while even our ground water is so polluted that it can’t be drunk without filtering. They have few people in the streets, and two or three people can occupy a small residential building; in contrast our streets are always crawling with people, and several people have to share one room. Many years ago, there was a book titled Yellow Catastrophes. It said that, due to our following the American style of consumption, our limited resources would no longer support the population and society would collapse once our population reaches 1.3 billion. Now our population has already exceeded this limit, and we are now relying on imports to sustain our nation. It’s not that we haven’t paid attention to this issue. The Ministry of Land Resources is specialized in this issue. But we must understand that the term ‘living space’ (lebenstraum) is tooclosely related to Nazi Germany. The reason we don’t want to discuss this too openly is to avoid the West’s association of us with Nazi Germany,which could in turn reinforce the view that China is a threat. Therefore, in our emphasis on He Xin’s new theory, ‘Human Rights are just living rights’ we only talk about ‘living’ but not ‘space’ so as to avoid using the term ‘living space.’ From the perspective of history, the reason that China is faced with the issue of living space is because Western countries have developed ahead of Eastern countries. Western countries established colonies all around the world, therefore giving themselves an advantage on the issue of living space. To solve this problem, we must lead the Chinese people outside of China, so that they can develop outside of China.Would the United States allow us to go out to gain new living space? First, if the United States is firm in blocking us, it is hard for us to do anything significant to Taiwan and some other countries! Second, even if we could snatch some land from Taiwan, Vietnam, India, or even Japan,how much more living space can we get? Very trivial! Only countries like the United States, Canada and Australia have the vast land to serve our need for mass colonization. Therefore, solving the ‘issue of America’ is the key to solving all other issues. First, this makes it possible for us to have many people migrate there and even establish another China under the same leadership of the CCP. America was originally discovered by the ancestors of the yellow race, but Columbus gave credit to the White race. We the descendants of the Chinese nation are ENTITLED to the possession of the land!!! It is historical destiny that China and United States will come into unavoidable confrontation on a narrow path and fight. In the long run, the relationship of China and the United States is one of a life-and-death struggle. Of course, right now it is not the time to openly break up with them yet. Our reform and opening to the outside world still rely on their capital and technology. We still need America. Therefore, we must do everything we can to promote our relationship with America, learn from America in all aspects and use America as an example to reconstruct our country. Only by using special means to ‘clean up’ America will we be able to lead the Chinese people there. Only by using non-destructive weapons that can kill many people will we be able to reserve America for ourselves.There has been rapid development of modern biological technology, and new bio weapons have been invented one after another. Of course we have not been idle; in the past years we have seized the opportunity to master weapons of this kind. We are capable of achieving our purpose of ‘cleaning up’ America all of a sudden. When Comrade Xiaoping was still with us, the Party Central Committee had the perspicacity to make the right decision not to develop aircraft carrier groups and focused instead on developing lethal weapons that can eliminate mass populations of the enemy country. Biological weapons are unprecedented in their ruthlessness, but if the Americans do not die then the Chinese have to die. If the Chinese people are strapped to the present land, a total societal collapse is bound to take place. According to the computations of the author of Yellow Peril, more than half of the Chinese will die, and that figure would be more than 800 million people! Just after the liberation, our yellow land supported nearly 500 million people, while today the official figure of the population is more than 1.3 billion. This yellow land has reached the limit of its capacity. One day, who know how soon it will come, the great collapse will occur any time and more than half of the population will have to go. It is indeed brutal to kill one or two hundred million Americans. But that is the only path that will secure a Chinese century, a century in which the CCP leads the world. We, as revolutionary humanitarians, do not want deaths, But if history confronts us with a choice between deaths of Chinese and those of Americans, we’d have to pick the latter, as, for us, it is more important to safeguard the lives of the Chinese people and the life of our Party. The last problem I want to talk about is of firmly seizing the preparations for military battle. The central committee believes, as long as we resolve the United States problem at one blow, our domestic problems will all be readily solved. Therefore, our military battle preparation appears to aim at Taiwan, but in fact is aimed at the United States, and the preparation is far beyond the scope of attacking aircraft carriers or satellites. Marxism pointed out that violence is the midwife for the birth of the new society. Therefore war is the midwife for the birth of China’s century.” - See more at: http://www.libertynewsonline.com/art....AoxGiB2F.dpuf September 2nd, 2013, 19:57 #18 China Launches new ASAT weapon into orbit 2013-08-26 – China’s military recently launched three small satellites into orbit as part of Beijing’s covert anti-satellite warfare program, according to a U.S. official. The three satellites, launched July 20 by a Long March-4C launcher, were later detected conducting unusual maneuvers in space indicating the Chinese are preparing to conduct space warfare against satellites, said the official who is familiar with intelligence reports about the satellites. Chinese Shijian-9 satellite One of the satellites was equipped with an extension arm capable of attacking orbiting satellites that currently are vulnerable to both kinetic and electronic disruption. “This is a real concern for U.S. national defense,” the official said. “The three are working in tandem and the one with the arm poses the most concern. This is part of a Chinese ‘Star Wars’ program.” China’s 2007 test of an anti-satellite missile shocked U.S. military and intelligence leaders who realized the U.S. satellites, a key to conducting high-performance warfare, are vulnerable to attack. Officials have said China could cripple U.S. war-fighting efforts by knocking out a dozen satellites. Satellites are used for military command and control, precision weapons guidance, communications and intelligence-gathering. The official discussed some aspects of the Chinese anti-satellite (ASAT) program on condition of anonymity after some details were disclosed in online posts by space researchers. “The retractable arm can be used for a number of things – to gouge, knock off course, or grab passing satellites,” the official said. The three satellites also could perform maintenance or repairs on orbiting satellites, the official said. Details of the small satellite activity were first reported last week in the blog “War is Boring.” The posting stated that one of the satellites was monitored “moving all over the place” and appeared to make close-in passes with other orbiting satellites. “It was so strange, space analysts wondered whether China was testing a new kind of space weapon — one that could intercept other satellites and more or less claw them to death,” the report said. The U.S. official said: “It is exactly what was reported: An ASAT test.” According to space researchers who tracked the satellites movements, one of the satellites on Aug. 16 lowered its orbit by about 93 miles. It then changed course and rendezvoused with a different satellite. The two satellites reportedly passed within 100 meters of each other. One space researcher was quoted in the online report as saying one satellite was equipped with a “robot-manipulator arm developed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences.” The Chinese appear to be testing their capability for intercepting and either damaging or destroying orbiting satellites by testing how close they can maneuver to a satellite, the U.S. official said. “They are learning the tactics, techniques and processes needed for anti-satellite operations,” the official said. The Chinese have given a code name to the satellites and numbered the satellites differently. The code name could not be learned. The official said the designation used in the blog, SY-7 was not correct. A Pentagon spokesman had no immediate comment about the Chinese satellites. The official said the Obama administration is keeping details of the Chinese anti-satellite warfare program secret as part of its policies designed to play down threats to U.S. national security. “There is a Star Wars threat to our satellites,” the official. “But the official said the administration does not want the American people to know about it because it would require plusing up defense budgets.” The use of satellites for space warfare appears to be a departure from past Chinese ASAT efforts. China faced international condemnation in 2007 for firing a missile that blasted a Chinese weather satellite in space, leaving tens of thousands of debris pieces. A recently translated Chinese defense paper on the use of a kinetic energy anti-satellite missile revealed that China is making progress with its anti-satellite warfare program. The report reveals that a U.S. software program called Satellite Tool Kit is being used by the Chinese military for its ASAT program. “Kinetic energy antisatellite warfare is a revolutionary new concept and a deterrent mode of operation,” the 2012 translation of the report stated. “The construction of the corresponding information flow is certainly important to the effectiveness of the kinetic energy antisatellite operation. The STK package, being a powerful professional space simulation platform, will play an active supporting role in research on information flow in kinetic energy antisatellite warfare.” A joint State Department and Pentagon report on export controls published last year stated that China is working on several types of anti-satellite warfare systems. “China continues to develop and refine its ASAT capabilities as one component of a multi-dimensional program to limit or prevent the use of space-based assets by potential adversaries during times of conflict,” the report said. “In addition to the direct-ascent ASAT program, China is developing other technologies and concepts for kinetic and directed energy for ASAT missions.” The report said China has said that to support its manned and lunar space program, it is “improving its ability to track and identify satellites—a prerequisite for effective, precise counter-space operations.” “The People’s Liberation Army (PLA) is acquiring a range of technologies to improve China’s space and counter-space capabilities,” the report said. A recent PLA analysis concluded that space is the “commanding point” for the modern information battlefield. “Battlefield monitor and control, information communications, navigation and position guidance all rely on satellites and other sensors,” and Chinese military writings emphasize, “destroying, damaging, and interfering with the enemy’s reconnaissance … and communications satellites.” The military writings suggest that satellites could be part of an initial attack aimed at blinding the enemy. “Destroying or capturing satellites and other sensors … will deprive an opponent of initiative on the battlefield and [make it difficult] for them to bring their precision guided weapons into full play,” the PLA report said. Rick Fisher, a Chinese military affairs specialist, said the maneuvering satellites are a significant element of China’s military space program. The satellite with the robotic arm is a clear dual-use, military-civilian satellite, said Fisher, with the International Assessment and Strategy Center. “The robot arm will develop a larger arm for China’s future space station, but this satellite can also perform ‘co-orbital’ surveillance or attacks against target satellites,” Fisher told the Free Beacon. “It is essentially China’s version of the 2007 DARPA Orbital Express satellite that was criticized by liberals as step toward ‘militarizing’ space.” According to Fisher, the satellites are part of a space surveillance and targeting system that will monitor space debris and also allow interception of space targets. Elements of the satellite system also will be used for China’s missile defense system, which is linked to China’s anti-satellite missiles. “But despite any potential ‘peaceful’ uses, the main point for the United States is that the PLA owns these programs and will use them as weapons against American space assets when it so chooses,” Fisher said. “All future U.S. military satellites require low-cost stealth or defense capabilities if the U.S. is to keep its essential military space architecture.” The space weapons program in China shows that no amount of American restraint will halt Beijing’s drive for military advantage in space. “Today China’s dictatorship rejects all forms of strategic arms control that could deny the Communist Party a capability that it deems essential to the survival of its dictatorship,” Fisher said. “When China gains superiority in any strategic category it will be even less willing to bargain away capability for the sake of ‘stability.’ China will not ‘reward’ any future U.S. nuclear weapon reductions or restraint in developing space weapons.” China also conducted a maneuvering small satellite test in 2010, according to defense officials, which also was deemed an ASAT-related experiment. Two Chinese satellites rendezvoused several hundred miles above Earth in August 2010 as part of what was viewed by officials as a contribution to the anti-satellite weapons program. The Pentagon said at the time, “Our analysts determined there are two Chinese satellites in close proximity of each other. We do not know if they have made physical contact. The Chinese have not contacted us regarding these satellites.” The two satellites also maneuvered during the Aug. 22, 2010 encounter. Based on the behavior, it appeared one of the satellites made contact with another satellite causing it to change orbits. The two satellites were estimated to have been as close as 200 meters to each other. October 3rd, 2013, 00:33 #19 China Testing New Space Weapons Source: Free Beacon China last week conducted a test of a maneuvering satellite that captured another satellite in space during what Pentagon officials say was a significant step forward for Beijing’s space warfare program. The satellite capture took place last week and involved one of three small satellites fitted with a mechanical arm that were launched July 20 as part of a covert anti-satellite weapons development program, said U.S. officials familiar with reports of the test. One official described the satellite-grabbing spacecraft as a “mobile satellite launch vehicle.” A Pentagon spokeswoman declined to comment on the specifics of the test. But Cynthia O. Smith, the spokeswoman, confirmed that the satellites, designated Payloads A, B, and C, have maneuvered in space since their launch. “The United States Strategic Command’s Joint Functional Combatant Command for Space (JFCC-Space), consistent with its routine operations to maintain track of objects in space, has monitored these satellites since their launch and has noticed the relative motions of these satellites amongst each other and with respect to other space objects,” she said. The Pentagon’s website Space-Track.org does not report on missions or functions of the hundreds of space objects it tracks, and Smith referred further questions to the Chinese government. A Chinese Embassy spokesman did not return emails seeking comment on the ASAT test. The satellites involved in the space warfare development program were identified by the Chinese as “scientific experimentation satellites,” according to a notice published July 24 in the online journal Space News. They were identified as Chuangxin-3 (Innovation-3), Shiyan-7 (Experiment-7), and Shijian-15 (Practice-15). The spacecraft with the robotic mechanical arm that conducted the satellite capture experiment has not been authoritatively identified from among the three orbiters. However, space analysts suspect it is Shiyan-7. Space News is published by the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corp. (CASC), which builds strategic missiles and space launchers, and China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation (CASIC), China’s largest missile manufacturer. The notice stated that the three satellites were launched atop a Long March-4C rocket on July 20 from the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center in north central China. “These three satellites are to be used for the observation of space debris and conducting scientific experiments in space maintenance techniques like space arm operations,” the statement said. Space Track continues to identify the satellites as by their payload designations, rather than using the Chinese names. Space analyst Bob Christy, who writes the blog Zarya.info that first disclosed the three satellites, said no public information has indicated the three satellites involved in earlier close maneuvers engaged in a significant orbit change since activities in August. “There have certainly been no more approaches between them, and Payload A has shown no sign of maneuvering in the whole of its time in space,” he said in an email. Since no other satellites are in the same orbit as the three satellites and another satellite known as Shijian-7, “if the capture was last week, it didn’t involve any of these working together,” he said. Christy said that leaves the possibility that Payload B was captured by Payload C during a close flyby around Aug. 17. “My actual calculations showed them getting closer than 500 meters but given the inherent error margins of the Space Track data, I stuck with a few hundred meters,” he said. Another possibility is that the test involved a detachable part of one satellite and its release into a separate orbit, and the subsequent recapturing of the component using the extension arm, Christy said. “If the separation distance was small and the period of separated flight was short, then U.S. sensors are unlikely to have detected an extra object in orbit,” he said. A third possibility is that the test involved completely different satellites that were not observed by non-government space trackers. Christy’s analysis of the August activities revealed that the satellites conducted several experiments. Since August, Payload C and Shijian-7 showed slight variations in orbit that are likely the result of thruster operation for position control, Christy stated in a recent blog post. In August, Payload B, a non-maneuvering satellite, was positioned about 620 miles behind Payload C, a spacecraft that specialists say could be the craft with the manipulator arm, and Payload C gradually slowed to until is passed very close to the other satellite. The robotic satellite may be part of efforts to develop China’s large space station set to be deployed around 2020. However, Pentagon officials believe the small satellite activity is more closely associated with China’s secret ASAT program. Little is known about the Chinese space warfare program, which is among the Chinese military’s most closely guarded secrets. China conducted a direct ascent ASAT missile test in January 2007 that destroyed a Chinese weather satellite and created tens of thousands orbiting debris pieces that threaten both manned and unmanned spacecraft. Chinese officials have told U.S. counterparts that the 2007 test was a one-time event and so far have not conducted further debris-causing satellite attack tests. A U.S. official told the Free Beacon in August that the launch of the three satellites was part of Beijing’s covert anti-satellite warfare program. The official said the craft with the robotic arm was viewed as the most threatening because U.S. satellites, vital strategic assets used by both the American military and civilian infrastructure, are vulnerable to kinetic or electronic disruption in space. The official said the satellites are part of China’s “Star Wars” space weapon program that has been largely ignored by the Obama administration over concerns that pressing China to explain its space weapons would upset U.S.-China relations. The ASAT program is a “real concern for U.S. national defense,” the official said. Until the satellite capture, the mission of the spacecraft with the mechanical arm was unknown. It was thought that it could used to grab, gouge, or alter the orbits of other satellites. The craft also could be used for maintenance and repair. Rick Fisher, a Chinese military affairs specialist, said the robot-arm satellite that he believes is the Shiyan-7 is part of China’s dual-use space program that includes satellites for military close-surveillance and attack missions. Civilian applications include development of space manipulator arm technology. “As an ASAT, a future version of the SY-7 could be used to take close-up images of U.S. satellites, to remove systems from those satellites and return them to China, to directly damage U.S. satellites or to plant ‘mines’ on those satellites or close nearby,” said Fisher, with the International Assessment and Strategy Center. “An SY-7-like ASAT gives China the option to attack enemy satellites without creating a large cloud of debris that may also damage other Chinese satellites.” Fisher said China recently hosted a major space conference and is seeking to position itself as a space “superpower” as a means to increase cooperation and technology acquisition from other countries. At the conference, “Chinese officials made a deliberate appeal to Canada, which developed and built the manipulator arm used on the International Space Station and U.S. Space Shuttles,” Fisher said. However, Fisher said China made every effort to conceal the People’s Liberation Army’s role in the space program and would probably deny any military role in the developing mechanical arm technology for offensive space operations. “The ‘Canadarm’ [manipulator arm] was developed in Canada with Canadian funding and four were purchased by NASA for the U.S. Space Shuttle program,” he said. China conducted a test launch of a new high-Earth orbit anti-satellite missile called the DN-2 in March, according to U.S. officials. January 24th, 2019, 02:01 #20 Pentagon: Chinese Military Units Training With ASAT Missiles China, Russia militarizing space to challenge U.S. Chinese military forces have deployed multiple units armed with anti-satellite (ASAT) missiles that can destroy scores of American satellites, according to a Pentagon intelligence report. The new report by the National Air and Space Intelligence Center, known as NASIC, revealed that People's Liberation Army units have begun training with the satellite-killing missiles. The report warns that China, along with Russia, has developed an array of space arms designed to challenge U.S. space superiority. The report was made public last month. The report for first time reveals that Chinese military units already are conducting training for space attacks with anti-satellites missiles. Russia also is developing a new anti-satellite missile the report said. "These missiles can destroy U.S. and allied space systems in low earth orbit, making intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance, and communications satellites vulnerable," the report said. The Air Force operates six constellations and 12 satellite systems regarded as vital to national security. They provide communications, command and control, missile warning, nuclear detonation detection, weather, and GPS for the world. Foreign adversaries "are integrating advanced space and counterspace technologies into warfighting strategies to challenge U.S. superiority and position themselves as space powers," states. "Multiple attack options—cyber, electronic, or directed-energy weapons; anti-satellite missiles; or space-based weapons—enable potential adversaries to achieve a range of damaging effects," the report said. The missile type and PLA units engaged in ASAT training were not identified. However, defense officials have said with as few as two dozen ASAT missile strikes, China could cause major disruptions in U.S. military operations that are heavily dependent on satellites for communications, intelligence, and precision guidance for missiles and bombs. China's ASAT missiles include several types with different ranges. The SC-19, a variant of the HQ-19 surface-to-air missile, was used in flight tests in 2007 and 2010. In 2013, China flight tested a new ASAT missile called the DN-2. In February, China flight tested a more capable DN-3, that was also tested in 2017, 2016, and 2015. The ASAT missile training followed congressional testimony in February from Director of National Intelligence Daniel Coats who said China's destructive anti-satellite weaponry would probably "reach initial operational capability in the next few years." Coats also mentioned China had formed military units that carried out "initial operational training" with ground-launched ASAT missiles. Rick Fisher, a China military expert, said the 25-page NASIC report, "Competing In Space," is important U.S. government confirmation that the PLA has progressed from a demonstrated ASAT weapon in January 2007, to multiple units equipped with ASAT missiles. Fisher, with the International Assessment and Strategy Center, said since late 2015 all PLA ASAT missile units were placed under the new Strategic Support Force and its subordinate Space Force that likely controls the missiles and will also be in charge of future space-based weapons. "While the PLA now has actual units of ASAT weapons targeting critical American military and civilian space assets, the United States does not have a similar organized counter-space capability," he said. "We are basically disarmed in the face of an active Chinese military-space capability." Fisher blamed the Obama administration and former President Barack Obama who ideologically opposed the development of U.S. military space capabilities. "America and its allies are very fortunate that President Trump has decided that the U.S. military requires a new Space Force," he said. "This is not an offensive or destabilizing initiative; it is now a necessary and defensive capability that is urgently required by the United States." A Defense Intelligence Agency report on Chinese military power made public last week said China has not publicly acknowledged the existence of any new programs since a 2007 missile strike against an orbiting weather satellite. "PLA writings emphasize the necessity of ‘destroying, damaging, and interfering with the enemy’s reconnaissance … and communications satellites,' suggesting that such systems, as well as navigation and early warning satellites, could be among the targets of attacks designed to ‘blind and deafen the enemy,'" the DIA report said. The NASIC report is the first time the Pentagon has described in detail how a future conflict would be carried out in space. Additionally, the report said the number of space satellites is growing rapidly from 100 several years ago to 300 today, making the domain congested and increasing the risk of collisions. Both China and Russia are developing new space arms to achieve military goals. At the same time, Beijing and Moscow are promoting a ban on space weapons in an apparent bid to slow or prevent the United States from matching their space warfare systems. "Despite publicly insisting that space is a peaceful domain, these competitors are in continuing development of several anti-satellite weapons," the report said. China and Russia remain the most capable space warfare states but other nations also are expected to join the space arms race by building system to wage war against American satellites. Russia's new ASAT was not identified. Other officials have identified it as the Nudol, suspected in a flight test in September. "Through military reforms, China and Russia have organized new military forces devoted to the employment of space and counterspace capabilities and regularly integrate them into military exercises." Counterspace is the military's term for space warfare operations and weaponry. Anti-U.S. governments in both China and Russia "continue to develop, test, and proliferate sophisticated anti-satellite weapons to hold U.S. and allied space assets at risk," the report said. Directed energy weapons can produce temporary and permanent damage to satellites through focused radiofrequency or laser beams. "Reversible effects include temporarily blinding optical sensors," the report said. "Non-reversible effects include permanently damaging or destroying sensors or other satellite components. Both China and Russia intend to field counterspace directed-energy weapons." Chinese defense research over the past two decades has studied several types of directed energy space weapons and Russia is reportedly building an airborne laser that could be used to attack space-based missile defense sensors. The Pentagon was building its own anti-missile airborne laser inside a Boeing-747 but the program was canceled by the Obama administration. Reduced launch costs and proliferation of space systems will drive more countries to integrate space weapons into their militaries, the report warned. Terrorists also could use space to support attacks using intelligence, communications, and navigation space systems. Among the emerging space-based anti-satellite threats the report identified a variety of arms. They include space-based interceptors to crash into satellites, complex space robots capable of grabbing or crushing satellites by maneuvering close by, and jammers, lasers, chemical sprayers, and microwave weapons. Some states are developing sophisticated orbiting technologies for satellite maintenance and debris removal that could also be used to damage satellites covertly. To support both military and civilian use of space, China has a fleet of 120 remote sensing and reconnaissance satellites, half operated by the People's Liberation Army. The satellites allow the PLA to spy on regional rivals like India and Japan and flashpoints in Korea, Taiwan, and the East and South China Sea. For communications, China is developing satellite systems for communications, including the world's first quantum communications satellite, with three others planned. Quantum communications are hardened against jamming or interception. Both China and Russia also deployed navigation satellites to reduce reliance on the American Global Positioning System. The satellites are used for guiding precision weapons. In 2017, Beijing began orbiting a next-generation BeiDou constellation of navigation satellites that offers text messaging and user tracking that "enable mass communications for specific BeiDou users and provide additional command and control capabilities for the Chinese military," the report said. Russia also is maintaining and upgrading its fleet of GLONASS navigation satellites. These alternatives to GPS could allow China and Russia to destroy GPS satellites during a future crisis or conflict, in what the report called "space denial." The loss of GPS would impact police, firefighters, and paramedics and prevent rapid response to emergencies; news, long-distance telephone, satellite television, and internet service also would be unavailable. Retail stores and gas stations would be unable to communicate with banks to handle purchases and critical services "could be affected by weapons targeting our space services," the report said. On space attacks, the report warned that a number of adversaries are building and proliferating a number of types of weapon that can disrupt or deny space services. The range of potential space attacks include: Jamming global navigation and communications satellites used for command and control and naval, ground, and air forces, including drones. Weapons designed to target intelligence satellites would be designed to prevent locating, monitoring, and tracking enemy targets, like mobile missiles. Lasers can temporarily blind imagery satellites and other strategic sensors. Anti-satellites missiles can be used to shoot down satellites, like the Chinese missile test in 2007 that destroyed an orbiting weather satellite that created debris that will threaten other satellites for decades. China and Russia are using orbiting robot satellites that conduct sophisticated maneuvering near other satellites as part of space warfare capabilities. Adversaries plan to conduct physical attacks on satellite ground stations and infrastructure supporting space operations. Cyber attacks also can be carried out against satellites and support infrastructure. The networks used to direct satellites and distribute their data are vulnerable to cyber attacks and electronic jamming can be used to disrupt both uplink and downlink signals. Uplink jamming is aimed at signals going up to a satellite and must operate at the same radio frequency while downlink jamming targets blocking signals coming down to the ground station. "China and Russia consider both offensive cyber capabilities and electronic warfare as key assets for maintaining military advantage," the report said. "As a result, both countries are researching and developing cyber capabilities and modernizing electronic warfare assets." China and Russia also are using ground- and space-based sensors to search the skies for foreign satellites. The sensors are "first in a sequence of steps that a potential adversary will use to target satellites, launch counterspace weapons, and assess the effectiveness of an attack," the report said. The space surveillance can also be used by militaries for denial and deception to hide sensitive military capabilities or ground operations. Monitoring space threats is difficult for U.S. intelligence because adversaries are using dual-use civilian-military space systems that can appear benign but have hidden military and warfighting systems, such as robotic-arm satellites. China has conducted tests of three small satellites including one with a robotic arm capable of grabbing nearby satellites. Russia also is testing small maneuvering satellites. Quick Navigation China Top	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6579
__label__wiki	0.776407	0.776407	“So you go to Upendo on Saturday night to party and you come back on Sunday morning to go to church. It was the same space, the very same space. Just cleaned it out, put the chairs up differently and you had a party on Saturday, church on Sunday,” Henry Foust remembered. By the time Foust arrived as a freshman in 1974, Upendo Lounge was already “the spot” for Black students.1 Officially opened on February 16, 1973 and located on the first floor of Chase Hall, the dining hall for South Campus, Upendo (Swahili for “love”) was envisioned by Black students as a space in which they could “gather to study, read, relax, and socialize in a predominantly Black atmosphere.”2 “‘Upendo’ to Open,” The Daily Tar Heel, 16 February 1973, Page 2. Upendo Lounge was the first formal Black counter-space on the campus which operated to provide for the social needs of Black students within and against the whiteness of the University’s culture. This essay argues that because Upendo was the first formal Black student space on the campus, it was deemed by the University’s white administrators and students as a hazard to the maintenance of white supremacy, and thus, it faced tremendous scrutiny and retaliation through established institutional practices of discrimination and neglect. Chase Hall, c. 1970s in the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Image Collection Collection #P0004, North Carolina Collection, Photographic Archives, Wilson Library, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Prior to the opening of Upendo, the Black Student Movement (BSM) procured a small office space on the second floor of the Frank Porter Graham Student Union. John Sellars, a member of the class of 1971, noted that, for the BSM, “having a place that we could sit and talk and meet, that gave us some authority. I mean, we were not student government, the student council, but we were another recognized group, and we knew that we had a purpose.”3 The office did not, however, serve as a space for Black students to socialize or to build a sense of community outside of the organization of the BSM, which, by the early 1970s was growing larger in size. Although the University had been formally desegregated at both the undergraduate and graduate levels beginning in 1955, it was not until 1971 that the total number of Black students on campus reached five hundred.4 The protracted pace of desegregation can be attributed to the institution’s “hostility to genuine racial justice,” a judgment shared by dozens of white institutions across the South.5 Richard Epps, The Daily Tar Heel, 2 March 1972, Page 1. In the 1969-1970 school year, the percentage of Black undergraduates reached just over one percent, with sixty Black freshman in an entering class of 2,394.6 As the Black student body continued to grow, albeit slowly, so did the BSM, which organized into subgroups, including the Opeyo dance group, BSM Gospel Choir, and Black Ink magazine.7 In 1972, Richard Epps was elected as the University’s first Black student body president, and his election signaled to the University’s administrators that Black student power was strengthening on the campus. The BSM worked to acquire a larger space for their organization from the University, lobbying administrators in the Division of Student Affairs for a physical space on the campus that could meet the operational needs of the growing organization. With the opening of Upendo Lounge in 1973 after several years of the BSM advocating for a meeting space, Black students had their first official space on the campus dedicated solely to the community of Black students at the University. It was the first formally recognized counter-space for Black students, a space in which they could “specifically affirm the racial and/or ethnic aspects of their identity.”8 Like South Campus and Manning Hall, two contemporary counter-spaces, Upendo Lounge, as a space of Black autonomy, would face censure and attack from white students and administrators through certain anti-Black processes which operated on behalf of institutional control of all Black people on the campus.9 A Perceived Threat to White Supremacy “Ain’t Gone Be No Partying In Heah!,” Cartoon of white student preventing Black student parties in Hinton James, Black Ink, 20 October 1971, Page 6. The placement of Upendo in Chase Hall, on South Campus, was essential for developing a sense of shared experience among Black students. Finding themselves unwelcome in other spaces in which white students socialized (primarily white fraternities, and the Frank Porter Graham Student Union on North Campus), Black students gathered in dorm rooms and floor lounges in the South Campus dorms to socialize.10 White students and housing administrators perceived these gatherings of Black students as threatening, and in Hinton James, the Housing Department enacted a new lounge policy in 1972 to curtail socializing among Black students. Charles Duncan, a writer for Black Ink, described the effect of the policy: “there will be no Black floor parties in the respective floor lounges because, under this new policy, only residents of a particular floor can have a party. There are no all Black floors, so any floor party will be mixed.”11 The year before, white students in Hinton James asked for weekend ID checks for all persons entering the dormitory, presumably to prevent Black non-students from entering the building, the result of what the Yackety Yack, the University’s yearbook, called, “the south campus situation, fraught with community-campus and black-white tensions.”12 The creation of Upendo Lounge on South Campus as a space for solely Black student life was essential for the sustaining of the BSM, then still a fledgling organization. Henry Foust, a member of the BSM Gospel Choir through the mid-1970s, highlighted the significance of Upendo’s location, saying that “it was very much a hub and everything happened there. Dances, parties, meetings, concerts sometimes, practices. Anything that went on in the Black community, pretty much the first place you tried to get was Upendo.”13 Schedule for Use of Upendo Lounge, 1973 in the Carolina Union of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Records #40128, University Archives, Wilson Library, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Stover, Mark and Bobby Green, “White Student Movement?” The Daily Tar Heel, 15 October 1976, Page 8. The physical location of Upendo on the first floor of Chase Hall had formerly been a space referred to in The Daily Tar Heel as a “mini-union,” much smaller than the main North Campus student union.14 Because the space of Upendo had formerly been dedicated for use by any student in the University’s predominantly white student body, the permanence of Upendo as an entirely Black social space was always in question. Many white students viewed Upendo Lounge, the first space for Black students recognized by the institution, as a threat to their claims on the cultural and campus landscape. Two white men articulated the fears of many white students in a letter to the editor of The Daily Tar Heel, writing that “after reading and hearing about all the uproar concerning the Upendo Lounge, it occurs to us that whites have been discriminated against ever since the concept for the Upendo Lounge was conceived…whites do not have an area set aside for their activities…after all, equality is what we are all fighting for, isn’t it?”15 Because Upendo Lounge highlighted racial difference instead of concealing it, the space threatened white privilege, the foundation of white supremacy, and endangered the social and cultural dominance established on campus by white students.16 Upendo Lounge was therefore vulnerable to attacks from white students, as well as white administrators, as soon as it opened. Meeting of the Black Student Movement in Upendo Lounge, 1 April 1973, Black Ink, Page 3. Black students understood the possible consequences of white suspicion and potential attacks. Black Ink reported that some Black students had “concocted various reasons why the University administration saw fit to allow us to set the place up. Some believe that they did it to allow for an embarrassment to the Black student populace. They believe the center is sure to flop and that the failure will be credited directly to the BSM and Black students in general. The University would then return to its do-nothing program for Blacks on the basis that their problems are incurred by themselves and not by the University.” Other students thought that the University had given the BSM the space in order to confine the activities of Black students, “thus sparing the administration the unpleasant task of coping with the continuing nuisance of Black masses in the dorms on weekends, participating in ‘wild jungle rituals,’ or with the discordant and disdainful music of a so called ‘choir’ practicing in a dorm lounge.”17 These explanations, though perhaps true, do not give full agency to the Black students who organized to create Upendo Lounge. The creation of the space was, BSM chairman Warren Carson Jr. explained, “due to the innovative ideas offered by BSM concerning a Black student lounge, and the persistent pursuit in making the idea a reality.”18 However, if the intent on the part of University administrators was to segregate Black student activities into a single space, they were somewhat successful in that containment, though the subsequent attacks against the space make this rationalization less credible. “Black marchers with signs filed into Memorial Hall to protest the decision of the Space Committee to reallocate space formerly occupied by Upendo Lounge.” Photo by David Dalton in The Daily Tar Heel, 13 October 1976, Page 1. Only three years after the establishment of Upendo Lounge, white administrators challenged the space for the first time. In the summer of 1976, the University’s Space Committee approved the relocation of the cafeteria in Chase Hall from the second floor to the first, displacing Upendo Lounge, without informing the leadership of the BSM. Dean of Student Affairs Donald Boulton promised a space would be set aside for the BSM on the second floor, following renovations, but the lack of communication between the Space Committee the the BSM’s leadership enlarged a rift between Black students and white administrators.19 Henry Foust explained what was at stake in the potential threat to Upendo, stating his feeling at the time that “You can talk about money all you want to but you’re talking about closing Upendo, you’ve got a fight on your hands. It’s like, ‘You are not closing that because that’s our spot.’”20 On the celebration of the University’s founding, University Day, October 12, 1976, two hundred Black students marched into Memorial Hall, the main auditorium on campus. Chanting “Power to the people, Black Power to the African people, we shall survive in America,” the students protested the planned relocation of Upendo Lounge and demanded an apology from the Space Committee.21 Foust, describing the frustrations of Black students about the way they had been treated during the process of relocating Upendo, said he and others felt that “we just want to be here. Just treat us like you treat the rest of the organizations on campus and just let us do what we’re going to do. Why is this becoming an issue every time?”22 The BSM acquiesced to the relocation of Upendo Lounge to the second floor of Chase Hall, but seven years later, in 1983, the building once again underwent renovations, with the second floor rededicated as the Chase Union, now under administrative control of the Carolina Student Union. Upendo Lounge Protest on University Day, Yackety Yack Yearbook, 1976, 173-174. Although the physical space of Upendo Lounge had been retained, the Union shifted their reservation policy so that any student group could use the space, though they promised the BSM would have “priority” in reserving Upendo. Soon after, white students, unconcerned with the significance of Upendo for Black students, began to reserve and use the space, previously dedicated to the affirmation of Blackness and resistance to the institution’s persistent whiteness. In this way, Upendo Lounge was effectively colonized by the University, a result of what geographer Katherine McKittrick describes as the institution “repetitively constitute[ing] blackness as a discreet (and hostile) racial category that routinely ‘troubles’ an already settled whiteness.”23 Because the existence of Upendo Lounge undermined the normalized white supremacy of the campus landscape, the University’s administration forwarded a policy that would dilute the Blackness of the space and create the conditions for white student-led colonization. Explaining this policy decision, Director of the Carolina Union, Howard Henry, stated tha,t “the Union should not have to ask the BSM how that space is used.”24 In response, BSM president from 1983 to 1984, Sherrod Banks, told The Daily Tar Heel, “we will have an ambiguous term such as ‘priority’ to rely on for the existence of the BSM. It’s ridiculous.” The changed reservation policy dramatically shifted the attitudes of Black students, administrators, and faculty towards a new idea taking shape at predominantly white universities across the country: a Black Cultural Center. “We want a new facility,” said Banks. “It doesn’t matter a whole lot where it is.”25 Quote from Sherrod Banks in Stinneford, Mark, “BSM Angered by Loss of Upendo,” The Daily Tar Heel, 12 October 1983, Page 1. Even before Upendo’s opening in 1973, administrators referred to the space as the University’s “Black Cultural Center,” a concept for the space which included room for exhibits and an auditorium, which it did not have.26 The continued precarity of Upendo’s existence and accessibility resulted in the search for a permanent location for a Black Cultural Center, an effort that eventually separated from conversations about the future of Upendo Lounge. The movement for a permanent and free-standing Black Cultural Center began in 1984 and continued for the next thirty years when the free-standing Sonja Haynes Stone Center for Black Culture and History opened in 2004. Throughout, Upendo Lounge continued to serve as a gathering space for the BSM, operating under the same “priority” reservation policy enacted in 1983, which limited Upendo’s potential for community building and support. Interracial Great Hall Party, The Daily Tar Heel, 14 April 1989, Page 1. Michelle Thomas, president of the BSM from 1992 to 1993, described in an interview the three spaces on campus that were important to her as a student: “The Sonja Haynes Stone Center, eventually—the Black Cultural Center at the time—Great Hall for parties on Friday nights, and the Upendo Lounge, which were the three places where Black folks congregated on campus.” Before the interview was over, she asked about Upendo: “Is it still Black?”27 Her question suggests that Black students in the late 1980s and 1990s did not believe in the permanency of Upendo as an essential social space for Black students. That even formally created Black counter-spaces lacked immutability in the way that social spaces for white students did in part explains how indelible anti-Blackness is across the cultural landscape; every Black-created space is deemed by the dominant culture to be a hazard to the maintenance of white supremacy. Legacy of Upendo Lounge In 2003, Chase Hall was torn down and Upendo Lounge temporarily moved to the Frank Porter Graham Student Union.28 After this move, the BSM was no longer given “priority” in reserving Upendo Lounge, and the space was open for reservations by any student organization. By 2007, Upendo Lounge had moved to its current home in the Student and Academic Services Building North (located, despite its name, on South Campus). At the fortieth anniversary celebration of the BSM later that year, leaders unveiled the “Upendo history wall,” an exhibit of old newspaper articles and correspondence with the University’s administration that traced the history of Upendo Lounge.29 In 2016, Upendo was renovated and rededicated as a space that the BSM had the “first right” in reserving, which gave the BSM “a permanent place to meet.” Although Upendo Lounge still has not regained its original status as a space solely for the Black student community to gather in, contemporary leadership of the BSM have stated their contentment with the BSM having “priority” in reserving the space. Kendall Luton, a graduate of 2018, described the current importance of Upendo to The Daily Tar Heel, stating “Most of the spaces are filled up with only white people — and that is good and all — but it is nice to have a space of our own where we can have our thoughts and things like that, where we can just come together as a community.”30 Upendo History Wall. Personal Photograph. Charlotte Fryar. 17 December 2018. The attacks leveraged against Upendo Lounge exposed the fears of the University that Black students, having created a formal space in which to meet and socialize, threatened white claims on the cultural landscape and would build up significant power in Black social counter-spaces. And as Black students did continue to build up and exercise such power through public protest, the University acted to minimize the potential of Upendo Lounge to serve as a space for Black students to gather, socialize, and organize. By moving Upendo around the campus and changing policies for the process of reserving the space, the University weakened Upendo’s role as a space for the Black student community, a method of reproducing anti-Blackness—using institutional mechanisms to control Black bodies within the whiteness of the campus landscapes—that demonstrates how embedded white supremacy is within the University. Although now Upendo Lounge does serve as a space in which the BSM and its subgroups can meet and hold events, the current iteration of the space bears little resemblance to the dynamic Upendo Lounge of the 1970s, a shift in power that is a direct result of University-enacted policies that control Black students and the power they can exercise on the campus. Download Chapter 3: Upendo Lounge as a PDF.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6586
__label__wiki	0.932888	0.932888	Press (album) Pressing (wine) Names of China Sino (Café Tacuba album) Press may refer to: News media, the section of the mass media industry that focuses on presenting current news to the public Publisher, a company that produces or disseminates literature or information Press TV, the Iranian television network Associated Press, a global news network Press (newspaper), a newspaper in Serbia The Press, a newspaper in Christchurch, New Zealand The Pittsburgh Press, a historic newspaper in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA that ceased publication in 1991. Printing press, a machine that transfers inked images onto a medium such as paper or cloth Machine press, a machine that shapes material RAM press, a machine that shapes clay Trouser press, an electrical appliance used to smooth the wrinkles from a pair of trousers French press, a device for coffee preparation Fruit press, a device used to separate fruit solids from juice Garlic press, a kitchen utensil designed to crush garlic cloves Ram press (food), a device used to extract juice or oil Wine press, a device used to extract juice from crushed grapes during wine making This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Press Press is the debut album from American ska punk band MU330, released in 1994. According to the band's website, Press was recorded in the basement of saxophonist Matt Knobbe's parents' house in late 1993. The album was first released independently in 1994 on the band's own label, NO Record Co., before being picked up and re-issued by Moon Ska Records later the same year. In 1997, when MU330 moved to Asian Man Records, Press was re-released with two additional tracks, both unrecorded Press-era songs recorded by the band's 1996 line-up. Press was the only MU330 studio album to feature vocalist/trumpeter John Kavanaugh and saxophonist Matt Knobbe, who both left the band shortly afterwards. On December 31, 2011, the original Press-era line-up reunited at the Firebird club in St. Louis to perform the album in its entirety. All songs written by MU330. "Hoosier Love" - 3:39 "Fleeba" - 3:55 "Stuff" - 3:08 "Bagelbird" - 2:54 "Spilled My Drink" - 4:49 "Press" - 3:48 "Didgits" - 3:55 This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Press_(album) Pressing in winemaking is the process where juice is extracted from grapes. This can be done with the aid of a wine press, by hand, or even by the weight of the own grape berries and clusters.Historically, intact grape clusters were trodden by feet but in most wineries today the grapes are sent through a crusher/destemmer, which removes the individual grape berries from the stems and breaks the skins, releasing some juice, prior to being pressed. There are exceptions, such as the case of sparkling wine production in regions such as Champagne where grapes are traditionally whole-cluster pressed with stems included to produce a lighter must that is low in phenolics. In white wine production, pressing usually takes place immediately after crushing and before primary fermentation. In red wine production, the grapes are also crushed but pressing usually doesn't take place till after or near the end of fermentation with the time of skin contact between the juice and grapes leaching color, tannins and other phenolics from the skin. Approximately 60-70% of the available juice within the grape berry, the free-run juice, can be released by the crushing process and doesn't require the use of the press. The remaining 30-40% that comes from pressing can have higher pH levels, lower titratable acidity, potentially higher volatile acidity and higher phenolics than the free-run juice depending on the amount of pressure and tearing of the skins and will produce more astringent, bitter wine. This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Pressing_(wine) Sino generally refers to China, the ancient-to-modern history of China, the culture of China, or the Chinese people. It may also refer to: Sino (Café Tacuba album), the 7th studio album by Mexican rock band Café Tacuba Sino (Tamara Todevska album), debut album by the Macedonian singer Tamara Todevska Sino (surname), a surname in Africa, especially Kenya-Kisumu This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Sino The name China is recorded in English from the mid 16th century. It is of uncertain origin, but likely derived from Middle Persian after the Qin dynasty. In Chinese, common names for China include Zhongguo (中國/中国) and Zhonghua (中華/中华), while Han (漢/汉) and Tang (唐) are common names given for the Chinese ethnicity. Other names include Huaxia (華夏/华夏), Shenzhou (神州) and Jiuzhou (九州). The People's Republic of China (Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó) and Republic of China (Zhōnghuá Mínguó) are the official names for the two contemporary sovereign states currently claiming sovereignty over the traditional area of China. "Mainland China" is used to refer to areas under the jurisdiction by the PRC usually excluding Hong Kong and Macau. There are also names for China based on a certain ethnic group other than Han; examples include "Cathay" based on the Khitan and "Tabgach" based on the Tuoba. Sinitic names In mainland China, the term Zhongguo is used to refer to all territories claimed by the PRC, including mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan. This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Names_of_China Sino is the Latin Grammy winning sixth studio album by the Mexican band Café Tacuba, released on October 9, 2007 in Mexico, Latin America and the United States. The band has once again worked with award-winning Argentine music producer Gustavo Santaolalla. Four singles spawned off the album- "Volver a Comenzar", "Esta Vez", "Vámonos", and "Quiero Ver". The full album leaked onto the internet on October 6, 2007. On September 10, 2008, Café Tacvba became the leading nominee at the Latin Grammy Awards of 2008 with a total of six nominations: Album of the Year and Alternative Music Album, for Sino. The lead single "Volver a Comenzar" was shortlisted for Record of the Year and Best Alternative Song. The second single "Esta Vez" received nominations for Best Rock Song and Song of the Year. The band took the record for most Latin Grammys won in one night. "Volver a Comenzar" is featured prominently in the video game LittleBigPlanet. Ixaya Mazatzin Tleyotl aka. Ixxi Xoo/ Cone Cahuitl (Rubén Albarrán) — vocals (lead vocals on all tracks except 2, 3, 7 and 12; co-lead vocals on 13 and 14), guitar This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Sino_(Café_Tacuba_album) worldpress.com malaysiapress.com sinopress.com helsinkipress.com presscomputer.com greecepress.com freepressfree.com chilepress.com indiafreepress.com lebanonpress.com guampress.com operapress.com nevadafreepress.com longbeachfreepress.com usapressservice.com hollandfreepress.com coloradofreepress.com juicingcoldpress.org newjerseyfreepress.com sinotelevision.net	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6587
__label__wiki	0.781598	0.781598	40 Proceedings Winter 2015–2016 www.uscg.mil/proceedings services. Respondents are now advised that volunteer attor- neys might be able to assist them and are referred to the ALJ program to contact a volunteer attorney in their state. With few exceptions, most respondents are now represented by counsel at S&R hearings. The S&R NCOE also benefits the Coast Guard by supporting a legal representation program for mari- ners of limited financial means. In sum, the Suspension and Revocation National Center of Expertise has raised the quality of preparation and presen- tation to a level appropriate for formal proceedings, con- sidering the mariner's due process rights are paramount in these cases. The S&R NCOE has also promoted fairness in the process by supporting efforts for both parties to be rep- resented by professional counsel. Finally, the S&R NCOE's efforts provide greater transparency, which enhances the public's understanding of maritime safety and security. Most importantly, it leads to greater public confdence in the fairness of the process. About the author: Chief Judge Brudzinski has published several articles concerning suspension and revocation. A former career prosecutor who was originally appointed administrative law judge in 1996, he holds a B.A. from the University of Maryland, a J.D. from George Mason University (with distinction), and a master's and Ph.D. in judicial studies from the University of Nevada. Endnotes: 1. 33 CFR §20.103(a) (2014). 2. 33 CFR §§20.701 and 20.702 (2014). 3. See 5 USC §§554 and 556 (2012). 4. See 5 CFR §930.206 (2014). 5. 5 USC §3344 (2012) and 5 CFR §930.208 (2014). evidence at a suspension and revocation hearing before an administrative law judge. Fortunately, S&R NCOE attorneys have experience in sus- pension and revocation litigation. Having experienced attor- neys serve as the Coast Guard's representative at S&R hear- ings has greatly improved the process. How the S&R NCOE Advances the Process The S&R NCOE has been instrumental in assisting the Coast Guard throughout the entire suspension and revocation process. For example, after completing the investigating off- cer's course, IOs engage in periodic conference calls with the Suspension and Revocation National Center of Expertise, during which they're briefed on the latest developments in ALJ decisions, Commandant decisions on appeal, and NTSB decisions, as well as other developments. As a result, Coast Guard representatives are better prepared for S&R litigation by being up to date with the latest case law. The Suspension and Revocation National Center of Exper- tise also benefts the Coast Guard by supporting a legal representation program for mariners of limited fnancial means. The Offce of the Chief Administrative Law Judge implemented this program to provide mariners with con- tact information of attorneys willing to provide no-cost or reduced-cost legal representation. At a recent Maritime Law Association (MLA) conference, member attorneys presented a mock S&R scenario in which S&R NCOE personnel rep- resented the Coast Guard, the MLA attorneys represented the mariner, and Coast Guard judges presented the view from the bench. The MLA member attorneys helped initiate this program to encourage other member attorneys to learn more about suspension and revocation and perhaps volunteer their	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6588
__label__wiki	0.884231	0.884231	Minneapolis: September 12 to September 14 Here are some concerts taking place in the Minneapolis/St Paul area from September 12 to September 14, 2017. London-based alt-pop Oh Wonder is headlining First Avenue’s mainroom next Friday, June 3rd. The duo (Josephine Vander Gucht and Anthony West) has already sold out .... Jaymes Young at Varsity Theater Monday 11/10/14, 7pm $17 Australian Vance Joy (not to be confused with Irishman Foy Vance) is back in .... at First Avenue Tuesday 09/12/2017 (6pm/$27.50) Oh Wonder is kicking off their Ultralife tour at First Avenue in Minneapolis on Tuesday. We caught the British duo at their first Minneapolis show in June 2016 and noted, “This was Oh Wonder’s first time in Minneapolis, and they were incredibly pleased at the turn out and also the historic nature of the venue (it is often associated with Prince as the venue was used often in the film Purple Rain). Of course, with only one album under their belt, the band basically played their entire album live. Hits like ‘Lose It’ were done early in the set, Unforgotten theme song ‘All We Do’ played mid-set, and saving new single ‘Plans’ for the encore.” Jaymes Young to open. 09/12 - First Avenue - Minneapolis 09/13 - Turner Hall Ballroom - Milwaukee 09/15 - The Vic Theatre - Chicago 09/18 - Danforth Music Hall – Toronto 09/21 - Metropolis - Montreal 09/22 - House of Blues - Boston 09/23 - College Street Music Hall - New Haven 09/26 - Brooklyn Steel - New York 09/29 - The Fillmore - Philadelphia 09/30 - Mr. Small’s Theatre - Pittsburgh, PA 10/02 - 9:30 Club - Washington, DC 10/04 - The National - Richmond, VA 10/06 - Neighbourhood Theatre - Charlotte, NC 10/07 - Bijou Theatre - Knoxville, TN 10/08 - Iron City - Birmingham, AL 10/10 - House of Blues - Dallas, TX 10/11 - Stubb’s BBQ - Austin, TX 10/13 - Tricky Falls - El Paso, TX 10/14 - The Van Buren - Phoenix, AZ 10/15 - Soma - San Diego, CA 10/18 - Shrine Expo Hall - Los Angeles, CA 10/19 - The Fox Theatre - Oakland, CA 10/21 - Crystal Ballroom - Portland, OR 10/22 - Moore Theatre - Seattle, WA Legendary Los Angeles punk band X (not to be confused with Australian band X or Japanese band X or London band The xx) recently made a semi-rare Minneapolis appearance last night at Mill City Nights. … Grrrl rockers Skating Polly will be in town next Wednesday, March 30th. The duo (Kelli Mayo and Peyton Bighorse) was previously in town in in 2014 with White Fang. … DJ Jake Rudh This is billed as a Transmission (aka DJ Jake Rudh) / BNLX release show, but music fans may want to take note that at nearly midnight, The Ocean Blue is scheduled to appear. … Wednesday 09/13/2017 (7pm/$25) Los Angeles’ X is on their 40th Anniversary tour. They are proud to mention that all the original band members are on this anniversary tour, including singer Exene Cervenka, bassist/singer John Doe, guitarist Billy Zoom, and drummer D.J. Bonebrake. We previously caught the band in a rare appearance in 2015 and Exene and John earlier this July 2017. Noted, “Another iconic front woman, Exene Cervenka and musical partner from X, John Doe opened the first leg and this show with a short twenty-three minute acoustic set. Half of the iconic punk band came off more like Johnny and June than say, Sid and Nancy, playing a folk-tinged, stripped set that included X classics, and a couple covers.” Rising punk band Skating Polly is the special guests for all of X’s tour, as we’ve previously mentioned. We caught the sibling band when they headlined the 7th Street Entry in May 2017 and said, “The history of Skating Polly actually started in 2009, when the two step-siblings, Kelli Mayo and Peyton Bighorse were just 9 and 14, respectively. While we were curious about the duo, having written about them last year, the band made a big change in their DIY band in 2017: they added their brother Kurtis Mayo to the lineup.” DJ Jake Rudh (of Transmission) to play music before and between sets. 09/06/17 @ Brooklyn Bowl in Las Vegas, NV 09/08/17 @ Complex in Salt Lake City, UT 09/09/17 @ The Summit in Denver, CO 09/11/17 @ The Waiting Room in Omaha, NE 09/13/17 @ First Avenue in Minneapolis, MN 09/14/17 @ Turner Ballroom in Milwaukee, WI 09/16/17 @ El Club in Detroit, MI 09/17/17 @ Town Ballroom in Buffalo, NY 09/19/17 @ Port City Music Hall in Portland, ME 09/20/17 @ Brighton Music Hall in Boston, MA 09/21/17@ Stage48 in New York, NY 09/22/17@ Underground Arts in Philadelphia, PA 09/23/17 @ State Theater in Falls Church, VA 09/25/17 @ Rex Theater in Pittsburgh, PA 09/26/17 @ Kent Stage in Kent, OH 09/27/17 @ Skully’s Music Diner in Columbus, OH All dates with Skating Polly Wakefield's The Cribs (consisting of twins Gary and Ryan Jarman and their younger brother Ross Jarman) are big Smiths fan... so much that they recruited Johnny Marr in their group in 2008 ... The co-headliner is Paws, a Glasgow-based punk band signed to FatCat Records. The trio's latest album is Youth Culture Forever, which came out earlier this year. ... Thursday 09/14/2017 (7pm/$15) The Cribs has a brand new album called 24-7 Rock Star Sh**, and their first promotional tour date in the U.S.A. starts in Minneapolis at the 7th Street Entry on Thursday! We last saw the trio in September 2015 and wrote, “I think it's best summed up by The Cribs' guitarist/vocalist Ryan Jarman as he exclaimed, "Let's rock like it's 2007!" referring to their first St Paul show. The trio, featuring twins Ryan & Gary, and younger brother Ross Jarman, are currently touring in support of their sixth studio album For All My Sisters, which came out last March 2015 via Sonic Blew / Sony RED UK.” Glasgow’s Paws to open. 09/07/2017 Festival Number 6 Festival Grounds 09/14/2017 7th Street Entry Minneapolis, MN 09/15/2017 Riot Fest & Carnival (Chicago) 09/16/2017 Third Man Records Detroit, MI 09/18/2017 Lee's Palace Toronto, ON 09/19/2017 Théâtre Fairmount Montreal, QC 09/20/2017 Middle East Downstairs Cambridge, MA 09/21/2017 Music Hall Of Williamsburg Brooklyn, NY 09/23/2017 U Street Music Hall Washington, DC 09/25/2017 Cat's Cradle Carrboro, NC 09/26/2017 The EARL Atlanta, GA 09/29/2017 White Oak Music Hall Houston, TX 09/30/2017 Antone's Austin, TX 10/01/2017 Dada Dallas Dallas, TX 10/03/2017 Lowbrow Palace El Paso, TX 10/05/2017 Valley Bar Phoenix, AZ 10/06/2017 Teragram Ballroom Los Angeles, CA 10/07/2017 Independent San Francisco, CA 10/10/2017 The Cobalt Vancouver, BC 10/11/2017 Chop Suey Seattle, WA 10/12/2017 Hawthorne Theatre Portland, OR 10/19/2017 Sala Corona Cuauhtémoc, Mexico 10/21/2017 Parque Fundidora @ "Live Out" Thao & the Get Down Stay Down San Francisco-based band Thao & The Get Down Stay Down got down with us at the Cedar Cultural Center on April 1st and we loved every moment of it. The band is currently … 09/12/2017 Samantha Fish is headlining the Cedar Cultural Center on Tuesday, in support of her new record Chills & Fever. Fish has deep Motown, soul, and R&B influence on her album, as well as edgy rock ‘n roll sound. Ken Valdez to open. 7pm, $15 09/13/2017 Thao Nguyen of Thao & The Get Down Stay Down is doing a solo show at Cedar Cultural Center on Wednesday. Yowler (also solo) to open. 7pm, $20 09/14/2017 John Mulaney is doing stand-up at the Northrop Auditorium on Thursday. 7pm and 10pm, $25 09/14/2017 Grammy Award winning reggae band Morgan Heritage is headlining the Skyway Theatre on September 14th. 8pm, $20 09/14/2017 Whosah who was previously in town at Cabooze in July 2017 is back, this time headlining the Triple Rock Social Club. Millenium and Halfloves to open. 8pm, $8 09/14/2017 Jake Miller is headlining the Cedar Cultural Center on September 14th. Be sure to show up early to check out New Jersey’s The Stolen. 7pm, $20 Posted by W♥M on Tuesday, 29 August 2017 at 04:29 AM in DJ Jake Rudh, Halfloves, Jake Miller, Jaymes Young, John Mulaney, Ken Valdez, Millenium, Minneapolis, Minneapolis Music Guide, Morgan Heritage, Oh Wonder, Paws, Samantha Fish, Skating Polly, Thao and the Get Down Stay Down, Thao Nguyen, The Cribs, The Stolen, Vu, Whosah, X, Yowler \| Permalink \| Comments (0)	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6589
__label__wiki	0.874035	0.874035	Atlantic County, New Jersey County in the United States Atlantic City International Airport Location within the U.S. state of New Jersey New Jersey's location within the U.S. 39°28′N 74°38′W / 39.47°N 74.64°W / 39.47; -74.64Coordinates: 39°28′N 74°38′W / 39.47°N 74.64°W / 39.47; -74.64 Named for Atlantic Ocean[1] • County executive Dennis Levinson (R)[a] Mays Landing[2] Largest municipality Egg Harbor Township (population) Galloway Township (total area) Hamilton Township (land area) 671.83 sq mi (1,740 km2) 116.12 sq mi (301 km2), 17.28% Population (est.) • (2017) 269,918[3] 494.1/sq mi (190.8/km2) www.atlantic-county.org Interactive map of Atlantic County, New Jersey Atlantic County is a county located in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2010 United States Census, the county had a population of 274,549,[4] having increased by 21,997 from the 252,552 counted at the 2000 Census (+8.7%, tied for third-fastest in the state),[5][6][7] As of the 2017 Census Bureau estimate, the county's population was 269,918, making it the 15th-largest of the state's 21 counties,[8][3][9] its county seat is the Mays Landing section of Hamilton Township.[2] The most populous place was Egg Harbor Township, with 43,323 residents at the time of the 2010 Census; Galloway Township, covered 115.21 square miles (298.4 km2), the largest total area of any municipality, though Hamilton Township has the largest land area, covering 111.13 square miles (287.8 km2).[7] This county forms the Atlantic City–Hammonton Metropolitan Statistical Area,[10] which is also part of the Delaware Valley Combined Statistical Area.[11][12] 2.1 Adjacent counties 2.3 National protected areas 3.1 Census 2010 5.1 Breweries, distilleries, and wineries 6 Municipalities 7 Health resources and utilities 7.2 Health and police services 8.1 Roads and highways 8.2 Public transportation Since the 6th millennium BC, Indigenous people have inhabited New Jersey. By the 17th century, the Absegami tribe of the Unalachtigo Lenape tribe – "people near the ocean" – stayed along the streams and back bays of what is now Atlantic County; the group referred to the broader area as Scheyichbi – "land bordering the ocean".[13][14] European settlement by the Dutch, Sweden, and England contributed to the demise of the indigenous people. In 1674, West Jersey was established, and its provincial government designated the court of Burlington County in 1681, splitting off Gloucester County five years later from the southern portion; this county was bounded by the Mullica River to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, and the Great Egg Harbor River and Tuckahoe River to the south.[13] Great Egg Harbour Township, also called New Weymouth and later just Egg Harbor, was designated in 1693 from the eastern portions of Gloucester County.[13] The region's early settlers, many of them Quakers, lived along the area's waterways. In 1695, John Somers purchased 300 acres (120 ha) of land on the northern shore of the Great Egg Harbor Bay in 1695, the same year he began ferry service across the bay to Cape May County, his son, Richard, built Somers Mansion between 1720 and 1726, which is the oldest home in existence in the county.[15] Daniel Leeds first surveyed the coastal waters of Egg Harbor in 1698, eventually finding Leeds Point.[16] In 1735 according to folklore, Mother Leeds gave birth and cursed her 13th child in Leeds Point, which became known as the Jersey Devil.[17] In the early 18th century, George May founded Mays Landing.[16] In 1774, the northern portion of Egg Harbor Township became Galloway Township.[13] In 1785, residents in what is now Atlantic County requested to split from Gloucester County to the New Jersey legislature, wanting a local court. Mays Landing – the region's largest community at the time, had more saloons than churches. Criminals could escape custody before reaching Gloucester City on a four-day wagon ride.[18] In 1798, the western portion split off to become Weymouth Township, and in 1813, the northwestern portion partitioned to become Hamilton Township. On February 7, 1837, the New Jersey legislature designated Atlantic County from Galloway, Hamilton, Weymouth, and Egg Harbor townships,[13] choosing Mays Landing as the county seat. In the same year, the Board of Freeholders was established as the county government;[16] as of the 1830 census, the townships making up Atlantic County only had a population of 8,164, making it the least populated New Jersey county. By that time, a continuous line of houses extended from Somers Point to Absecon.[19] Mullica Township was established from Galloway Township in 1837.[13] In 1852, Dr. Jonathan Pitney recommended Absecon Island as a health resort, and formed the Camden and Atlantic Railroad Company to construct the line from Camden to the coast; the company purchased land from Atlantic and Galloway Townships in 1853, then promoted and sold the lots. Atlantic City formed on May 1, 1854, in advance of the rail line opening on July 4 of that year.[20] In 1858, Egg Harbor City was formed from portions of Galloway and Mullica townships. In 1866, Hammonton was founded from Hamilton and Mullica townships. A year later, portions of Hamilton Township split off to become Buena Vista Township. In 1872, Absecon was split from portions of Egg Harbor and Galloway townships.[13] By 1885, more than half of the county's population lived in Atlantic City, and by 1910 this more than two-thirds of the county lived there.[14] With more people moving to the area in the late 1800s into the early 1900s, several municipalities were created in short succession – Margate (then called South Atlantic City) in 1885, Somers Point in 1886, Pleasantville and Linwood in 1889, Brigantine in 1890, Longport in 1898, Ventnor in 1903, Northfield and Port Republic in 1905, and Folsom in 1906. On May 17, 1906, the eastern coastal boundary of Atlantic County was established; the final municipalities in the county to be created were Corbin City from Weymouth Township in 1922, Estell Manor from Weymouth Township in 1925, and Buena from Buena Township in 1948. In 1938, the county's western border was clarified with Camden and Burlington counties using geographic coordinates.[13] After a peak in prominence in the 1920s during the prohibition era, Atlantic City began declining in population in the 1950s as tourism declined; the county's growth shifted to the mainland.[14][21] In 1973, the New Jersey Coastal Area Facilities Review Act required additional state permitting for construction in the eastern half of the county.[14] In the same ballot as the 1976 presidential election, 56.8% of New Jersey voters approved an initiative to allow legalized gambling in Atlantic City. Two years later, Resorts Atlantic City opened as the first casino in the city, and there were 15 by 1990. Since then, five have closed, including four in 2014, while two casinos – the Borgata and Ocean Resort Casino – have opened. Hard Rock Hotel & Casino Atlantic City opened in 2018, refurbishing the former Trump Taj Mahal.[22][14] In 1978, Congress created the Pinelands National Reserve, which created the Pinelands Commission and a management policy for the seven counties in the Pine Barrens, including Atlantic County.[14][23] Concurrent with the 1980 Presidential election, Atlantic County residents voted in favor to create a new state of South Jersey, along with five other counties in a nonbinding referendum.[24] Atlantic County is located about 100 mi (160 km) south of New York City and about 60 mi (100 km) east of Philadelphia,[14] it is roughly 30 mi (48 km) in width by 20 mi (32 km) in height.[19] According to the 2010 Census, the county had a total area of 671.83 square miles (1,740.0 km2), including 555.70 square miles (1,439.3 km2) of land (82.7%) and 116.12 square miles (300.7 km2) of water (17.3%). It is the third largest county in New Jersey, behind Ocean County and Burlington County.[7][25] The county lies along the Atlantic Coastal Plain, with sea level and the Atlantic Ocean to the east. Adjacent to the coast are three barrier islands – Absecon Island (Which contains Atlantic City, Ventnor, Margate, and Longport), Brigantine Island, and Little Beach.[14] To the west of the barrier islands, 4 mi (6 km) stretch of marshlands, inlets, and waterways connect and form the Intracoastal Waterway.[26][19] Beneath the county is a mile of clay and sand that contains the Kirkwood–Cohansey aquifer, which supplies fresh groundwater for all of the streams and rivers in the region; the interior of the county is part of the Pine Barrens, which covers the southern third of New Jersey, and is prone to forest fires. Lowland areas are swampy and contain pitch pine or white cedar trees. Upland areas in the west of the county are hilly, containing oak and pine trees;[14] the highest elevation in the county – about 150 ft (46 m) above sea level – is found near the border with Camden County, just west of Hammonton.[27] The county's western boundary with Burlington and Camden counties, clarified in 1761, is a manmade line about halfway between the Atlantic Ocean and the Delaware Bay.[13] Adjacent counties[edit] Atlantic County borders the following counties:[28] Burlington County – north Camden County – northwest Cape May County – south Cumberland County – southwest Gloucester County – northwest Ocean County – northeast Mays Landing, New Jersey Climate chart (explanation) Average max. and min. temperatures in °F Precipitation totals in inches Source: The Weather Channel[29] Metric conversion Average max. and min. temperatures in °C Precipitation totals in mm In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Mays Landing have ranged from a low of 24 °F (−4 °C) in January to a high of 86 °F (30 °C) in July, although a record low of −11 °F (−24 °C) was recorded in February 1979 and a record high of 106 °F (41 °C) was recorded in June 1969. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 2.99 inches (76 mm) in February to 4.21 inches (107 mm) in March.[dead link][29] In December 1992, a nor'easter produced the highest tide on record in Atlantic City, 9.0 ft (2.7 m) above mean lower low water.[30] Former Hurricane Sandy struck near Brigantine as an extratropical cyclone, which produced an all-time minimum barometric pressure of 948.5 mbar (28.01 inHg) and wind gusts to 91 mph (146 km/h) in Atlantic City, as well as a storm surge that inundated low-lying areas. Three people died in the county during the storm, and damage was estimated at $300 million (2012 USD).[31][30] National protected areas[edit] Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge covers 47,000 acres (19,000 ha) of coastal habitat in Atlantic and Ocean counties.[32] Great Egg Harbor Scenic and Recreational River runs from Camden County to Great Egg Harbor.[33] 1850 8,961 2.7% 1940 124,066 −0.6% 1950 132,399 6.7% Est. 2017 269,918 [8][3][9] −1.7% Historical sources: 1790-1990[34] 1970-2010[7] 2000[5] 2010[4] 2000-2010[35] Census 2010[edit] As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 274,549 people, 102,847 households, and 68,701.796 families residing in the county. The population density was 494.1 per square mile (190.8/km2). There were 126,647 housing units at an average density of 227.9 per square mile (88.0/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 65.40% (179,566) White, 16.08% (44,138) Black or African American, 0.38% (1,050) Native American, 7.50% (20,595) Asian, 0.03% (92) Pacific Islander, 7.36% (20,218) from other races, and 3.24% (8,890) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 16.84% (46,241) of the population.[4] There were 102,847 households out of which 29.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.6% were married couples living together, 15.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.2% were non-families. 26.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 3.17.[4] In the county, the population was spread out with 23.3% under the age of 18, 9.3% from 18 to 24, 24.6% from 25 to 44, 28.7% from 45 to 64, and 14.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39.9 years. For every 100 females there were 94.2 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 91 males.[4] As of the 2000 United States Census[36] there were 252,552 people, 95,024 households, and 63,190 families residing in the county; the population density was 450 people per square mile (174/km²). There were 114,090 housing units at an average density of 203 per square mile (79/km²); the racial makeup of the county was 68.36% White, 17.63% Black or African American, 0.26% Native American, 5.06% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 6.06% from other races, and 2.58% from two or more races. 12.17% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.[5][37] Among those residents listing their ancestry, 18.3% were of Italian, 17.3% Irish, 13.8% German and 7.7% English ancestry according to Census 2000.[37][38] There were 95,024 households out of which 31.70% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.50% were married couples living together, 14.80% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.50% were non-families. 27.00% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.70% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.59 and the average family size was 3.16.[5] In the county, the population was spread out with 25.30% under the age of 18, 8.10% from 18 to 24, 30.60% from 25 to 44, 22.40% from 45 to 64, and 13.60% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 93.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.20 males.[5] The median income for a household in the county was $43,933, and the median income for a family was $51,710. Males had a median income of $36,397 versus $28,059 for females; the per capita income for the county was $21,034. About 7.6% of families and 10.50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.8% of those under age 18 and 10.50% of those age 65 or over.[37][39] Presidential Elections Results[40] 2016 44.6% 52,690 51.6% 60,924 3.8% 4,427 2004 46.6% 49,487 52.5% 55,746 0.8% 864 1996 35.3% 29,538 53.2% 44,434 11.5% 9,629 1992 38.0% 34,279 43.9% 39,633 18.2% 16,386 1940 45.7% 30,551 54.1% 36,155 0.1% 92 1924 73.6% 27,936 18.3% 6,937 8.1% 3,066 1920 76.6% 21,245 20.8% 5,753 2.6% 727 1916 62.9% 9,713 35.4% 5,467 1.7% 267 1912 31.7% 4,422 35.0% 4,885 33.3% 4,656 County CPVI: D+5 In 1974, Atlantic County voters changed the county governmental form under the Optional County Charter Law to the County executive form. Atlantic County joins Bergen, Essex, Hudson and Mercer counties as one of the five of 21 New Jersey counties with an elected executive;[41] the charter provides for a directly elected executive and a nine-member Board of Chosen Freeholders, responsible for legislation. The executive is elected to a four-year term and the freeholders are elected to staggered three-year terms, of which four are elected from the county on an at-large basis and five of the freeholders represent equally populated districts.[42][43] In 2016, freeholders were paid $20,000 a year, while the freeholder chairman was paid an annual salary of $21,500.[44] As of 2018[update], Atlantic County's Executive is Republican Dennis Levinson, whose term of office ends December 31, 2019.[45] He had previously won election in 1999, 2003, 2007 and 2011.[46] Members of the Board of Chosen Freeholders are:[42][47] Chairman Frank D. Formica, Freeholder At-Large (R, 2018, Margate City)[48] Vice Chairwoman Maureen Kern, Freeholder District 2, including Atlantic City (part), Egg Harbor Township (part), Linwood, Longport, Margate City, Northfield, Somers Point and Ventnor City (R, 2018, Somers Point)[49] James A. Bertino, Freeholder District 5, including Buena, Buena Vista Township, Corbin City, Egg Harbor City, Estell Manor, Folsom, Hamilton Township (part), Hammonton, Mullica Township and Weymouth Township (R, 2018, Hammonton)[50] Ernest D. Coursey, Freeholder District 1, including Atlantic City (part), Egg Harbor Township (part) and Pleasantville (D, 2019, Atlantic City)[51] Richard R. Dase, Freeholder District 4, including Absecon, Brigantine, Galloway Township and Port Republic (R, 2019, Galloway Township)[52] Caren L. Fitzpatrick, Freeholder At-Large (D, 2020, Linwood)[53] Amy L. Gatto, Freeholder At-Large (R, 2019, Mays Landing in Hamilton Township)[54] John W. Risley, Freeholder At-Large (R, 2020, Egg Harbor Township)[55] Pursuant to Article VII Section II of the New Jersey State Constitution, each county in New Jersey is required to have three elected administrative officials known as "constitutional officers." These officers are the County Clerk and County Surrogate (both elected for five-year terms of office) and the County Sheriff (elected for a three-year term).[56] Atlantic County's constitutional officers are:[57] County Clerk Edward P. McGettigan (D, 2021, Linwood)[58][59] Sheriff Eric Scheffler (D, 2021, Northfield)[60][61] Surrogate James Curcio (R, 2020, Hammonton)[62][63] The Atlantic County Prosecutor is Damon G. Tyner of Egg Harbor Township, who took office in March 2017 after being nominated the previous month by Governor of New Jersey Chris Christie and receiving confirmation from the New Jersey Senate.[64][65] Atlantic County, along with Cape May County, is part of Vicinage 1 of New Jersey Superior Court; the Atlantic County Civil Courthouse Complex is in Atlantic City, while criminal cases are heard in May's Landing; the Assignment Judge for Vicinage 1 is Julio L. Mendez.[66] The 2nd Congressional District covers all of Atlantic County.[67][68] For the 116th United States Congress, New Jersey's Second Congressional District is represented by Jeff Van Drew (D, Dennis Township).[69] The county is part of the 1st, 2nd, 8th and 9th Districts in the New Jersey Legislature.[70] For the 2018–2019 session (Senate, General Assembly), the 1st Legislative District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Jeff Van Drew (D, Dennis Township) and in the General Assembly by Bob Andrzejczak (D, Middle Township) and R. Bruce Land (D, Vineland).[71][72] For the 2018–2019 session (Senate, General Assembly), the 2nd Legislative District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Chris A. Brown (R, Ventnor City) and in the General Assembly by Vince Mazzeo (D, Northfield) and John Armato (D, Buena Vista Township).[73][74] For the 2018–2019 session (Senate, General Assembly), the 8th Legislative District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Dawn Marie Addiego (R, Evesham Township) and in the General Assembly by Joe Howarth (R, Evesham Township) and Ryan Peters (R, Hainesport Township).[75][76] For the 2018–2019 session (Senate, General Assembly), the 9th Legislative District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Christopher J. Connors (R, Lacey Township) and in the General Assembly by DiAnne Gove (R, Long Beach Township) and Brian E. Rumpf (R, Little Egg Harbor Township).[77][78] In state and national elections, Atlantic County is a reliably Democratic county, in contrast to the other three counties on the Jersey Shore -- Monmouth, Ocean and Cape May counties—which tend to lean heavily Republican. As of October 31, 2014, there were a total of 171,490 registered voters in Atlantic County, of whom 50,536 (29.5%) were registered as Democrats, 41,695 (24.3%) were registered as Republicans and 79,135 (46.1%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There were 124 voters registered to other parties.[79] Among the county's 2010 Census population, 62.5% were registered to vote, including 76.7% of those ages 18 and over.[79][80] In the 2012 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 65,600 votes in the county (57.9%), ahead of Republican Mitt Romney with 46,522 votes (41.1%) and other candidates with 1,057 votes (0.9%), among the 113,231 ballots cast by the county's 172,204 registered voters, for a turnout of 65.8%.[81][82] In the 2008 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 67,830 votes in Atlantic County (56.5%), ahead of Republican John McCain with 49,902 votes (41.6%) and other candidates with 1,310 votes (1.1%), among the 120,074 ballots cast by the county's 176,316 registered voters, for a turnout of 68.1%.[83] In the 2004 presidential election, Democrat John Kerry received 55,746 votes (52.0%), ahead of Republican George W. Bush with 49,487 votes (46.2%) and other candidates with 864 votes (0.8%), among the 107,187 ballots cast by the county's 153,496 registered voters, for a turnout of 69.8%.[84] In the 2013 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 43,975 votes in the county (60.0%), ahead of Democrat Barbara Buono with 25,557 votes (34.9%) and other candidates with 947 votes (1.3%), among the 73,258 ballots cast by the county's 176,696 registered voters, yielding a 41.5% turnout.[85][86] In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 35,724 votes (47.7%), ahead of Democrat Jon Corzine with 33,361 votes (44.5%), Independent Chris Daggett with 3,611 votes (4.8%) and other candidates with 913 votes (1.2%), among the 74,915 ballots cast by the county's 166,958 registered voters, yielding a 44.9% turnout.[87] When Atlantic County was first established in 1837, its sparse population subsided on clams, oysters, and fishing. An early industry was shipbuilding, using the sturdy oak trees of the Pine Barrens.[19] Bog iron furnaces opened in the early 1800s, but declined by the 1850s due to the growth of the Philadelphia iron industry. Around this time, several people and cotton mills opened; the first railroad across the county opened in 1854, intended to assist the bog iron industry; instead, it spurred development in Atlantic City, as well as the growth of farming towns.[14] Farmers began growing grapes, cranberries, and blueberries;[21] the competition dropped the price of travel to 50¢, affordable for Philadelphia's working class.[88] Travelers often brought their lunch in shoe boxes, leading to their nickname "shoobies".[89] Legalized gambling and the growth of the casino industry employed more than 34,145 people as of 2012.[22] Breweries, distilleries, and wineries[edit] In 1864, Louis Nicholas Renault brought property in Egg Harbor City and opened Renault Winery, the oldest active winery in New Jersey, and third-oldest in the United States. During the prohibition era, the winery obtained a government permit to sell wine tonic for medicinal purposes.[90][91][92] Tomasello Winery grew its first vineyard in 1888, and opened to the public in 1933. Gross Highland Winery operated in Absecon from 1934 to 1987, when it was sold to developers. Balic Winery opened in 1966 in Mays Landing,[93] although its vineyards date back to the early 19th century.[94] Sylvin Farms Winery opened in 1985 in Egg Harbor City.[95] In 2001, Bellview Winery opened in the Landisville section of Buena.[96] A year later, DiMatteo Vineyards opened in Hammonton,[97] and in 2007, Plagido's Winery opened in the same town.[98] In 1998, Tun Tavern Brewery opened in Atlantic City across from the Atlantic City Convention Center, named after the original Tun Tavern in Philadelphia, which was the oldest brew house in the country, opening in 1685.[99] In 2015, Tuckahoe Brewing moved from Ocean View to a facility in Egg Harbor Township capable of producing four times the amount of beer.[100] Garden State Beer Company opened in 2016 in Galloway.[101] In 2018, Hidden Sands Brewery opened in Egg Harbor Township.[102] In 2014, Lazy Eye Distillery opened in Richland in Buena Vista Township.[103] Little Water Distillery opened in Atlantic City in 2016.[104] Municipalities[edit] Index map of Atlantic County (click to see index key) Municipalities in Atlantic County Municipalities in Atlantic County (with 2010 Census data for population, housing units and area) are:[105] (with map key) Communities[106] Absecon (11) City 8,411 3,365 7.29 1.90 5.40 1558.8 623.6 Atlantic City (10) City 39,558 20,013 17.04 6.29 10.75 3680.8 1862.2 Brigantine (12) City 9,450 9,222 10.36 3.98 6.39 1479.5 1443.8 Buena (17) Borough 4,603 1,855 7.58 0.00 7.58 607.4 244.8 Landisville, Minotola Buena Vista Township (18) Township 7,570 3,008 41.53 0.47 41.05 184.4 73.3 Collings Lakes CDP (1,706), East Vineland, Milmay, Newtonville, Richland Corbin City (2) City 492 212 8.94 1.28 7.67 64.2 27.7 Egg Harbor City (14) City 4,243 1,736 11.44 0.51 10.93 388.1 158.8 Clarks Landing Egg Harbor Township (21) Township 43,323 16,347 74.93 8.34 66.6 650.5 245.5 Bargaintown, English Creek, Jeffers Landing Estell Manor (1) City 1,735 673 55.10 1.78 53.32 32.5 12.6 Hunters Mill Folsom (16) Borough 1,885 717 8.44 0.24 8.2 229.8 87.4 Penny Pot Galloway Township (22) Township 37,349 14,132 115.21 26.14 89.07 419.3 158.7 Absecon Highlands, Cologne, Conovertown, Germania, Leeds Point, Oceanville, Pomona CDP (7,124), Smithville CDP (7,242) Hamilton Township (20) Township 26,503 10,196 113.07 1.94 111.13 238.5 91.8 Mays Landing CDP (2,135), McKee City, Mizpah Hammonton (15) Town 14,791 5,715 41.42 0.53 40.89 361.8 139.8 Da Costa, Dutchtown Linwood (5) City 7,092 2,798 4.24 0.38 3.87 1834.9 723.9 Longport (4) Borough 895 1,656 1.56 1.17 0.39 2323.7 4299.4 Margate City (6) City 6,354 7,114 1.63 0.22 1.42 4490.3 5027.4 Mullica Township (23) Township 6,147 2,360 56.9 0.48 56.42 108.9 41.8 Elwood CDP (1,437), Nesco, Sweetwater Northfield (7) City 8,624 3,260 3.44 0.04 3.40 2533.7 957.8 Pleasantville (9) City 20,249 7,219 7.30 1.60 5.69 3556.5 1267.9 Port Republic (13) City 1,115 444 8.58 1.10 7.48 149.0 59.3 Somers Point (3) City 10,795 5,556 5.16 1.13 4.03 2678.8 1378.7 Ventnor City (8) City 10,650 7,829 3.52 1.57 1.95 5457.4 4011.8 Weymouth Township (19) Township 2,715 1,220 12.45 0.36 12.09 224.6 100.9 Dorothy, Weymouth Health resources and utilities[edit] Institutions of higher education in Atlantic County include: Atlantic Cape Community College in Mays Landing serves students from both Atlantic and Cape May counties, having been created in 1964 as the state's second county college.[107] Rutgers University offers an off-site program at Atlantic Cape Community College that allows students with an associate degree from an accredited college to earn a bachelor's degree from Rutgers.[108] Stockton University, in Pomona, was established to provide a four-year college serving the South Jersey area.[109] Health and police services[edit] AtlantiCare is the largest non-casino employer, with a staff of over 5,500 people over five counties, established in 1993 by the Atlantic City Medical Center Board of Governors. Atlantic City Hospital opened in 1898, becoming Atlantic City Medical Center in 1973. Two years later, the hospital built its Mainland Division in Pomona.[110] AtlantiCare has also opened four urgent care centers.[111] In 1928, Dr. Charles Ernst and Dr. Frank Inksetter built Atlantic Shores Hospital and Sanitarium in Somers Point as a private institute for the treatment of alcohol and drug dependency. In 1940, citizens turned the facility into the not-for-profit Shore Medical Center, which has expanded over time to add more beds and units.[112][113] In 1840, the first county jail opened in Mays Landing, designed by Thomas Ustick Walter, who also designed the U.S. Capital building. This facility was replaced by newer facilities in 1932, 1962, and the current Gerard L. Gormley Justice Facility in 1985, which can hold 1,000 inmates; the facility has controlled by the Atlantic County Department of Public Safety since 1987.[18][114] 1906 Atlantic City train wreck recovery The indigenous people of New Jersey developed a series of trails across the state, including one from current-day Absecon to Camden.[13] Early transportation relied on the region's waterways. An early coastal road was constructed in 1716 from Somers Point to Nacote Creek in Port Republic. Roads into the county's interior were slow, unreliable, and muddy, with one main roadway along the Mullica River that eventually connected to Burlington. Roads later connected the region's industries in the 19th century,[21] until the county's first railroad opened in 1854, which brought more people to the region.[19] By 1870, the Camden and Atlantic Railroad Company carried 417,000 people each year; also in that year, the Pleasantville and Atlantic Turnpike opened, crossing Beach Thorofare into Atlantic City.[21] A railroad competitor, the Philadelphia and Atlantic City Railway, opened in 1877 after only 90 days of construction.[20] Other rail lines connected farms and cities throughout the county by the end of the 19th century.[21] A notable railroad tragedy occurred on October 28, 1906, when three train cars derailed on a draw bridge into 30 ft (9.1 m) deep water in Beach Thorofare, killing 53 people, with only two survivors.[115] Improved roads reduced the reliance on railroads by the 1950s.[21] In the late 1800s, a bridge opened in Mays Landing, providing road access to the county's interior;[116] the first car in Atlantic City was seen in 1899. By the 1890s, visitors began riding bicycles in the coastal resort towns, and thousands of people would ride from Camden to the coast on weekends.[21] Amid pressure from motorists and cyclists, the county improved the conditions of the roads in the early 20th century; the first road bridge to Atlantic City opened in 1905, using Albany Avenue on what is now US 40/322. In 1916, the causeway that is now New Jersey Route 152 opened between Somers Point and Longport. In 1919, the White Horse Pike (US 30) was completed from Atlantic City to Camden, and repaved through the county in 1925; also in 1922, the Harding Highway (US 40) opened from Pennsville Township to Atlantic City, named after then-President Warren G. Harding.[88] In 1928, the Beesley's Point Bridge opened, replacing the ferry between Somers Point and Cape May County;[116] the Black Horse Pike (US 322) opened in 1935, connecting Atlantic City to Camden. Most of the county's older bridges were replaced over time, although the oldest still in existence is a swing bridge from 1904 that crosses Nacote Creek in Port Republic;[21][88] the Great Egg Harbor Bridge opened in 1956, marking the completion of the Garden State Parkway, which connected Cape May and Atlantic counties, continuing to North Jersey.[116] In 1964, the Atlantic City Expressway opened between the Parkway and Camden County, and a year later was extended into Atlantic City. In 2001, the Atlantic City–Brigantine Connector, connecting the Expressway with Atlantic City's marina district.[117] As early as 1990, the South Jersey Transportation Authority had plans to construct an Atlantic County Beltway as a limited-access road, beginning along Ocean Heights Avenue in southern Egg Harbor Township at a proposed Exit 32 with the Garden State Parkway; the proposed road would pass west of the Atlantic City Airport and reconnect with the Parkway at Exit 44 via County Route 575 in Galloway Township. The routing was later truncated from U.S. 40 (the Black Horse Pike) to Exit 44 on the Parkway. The project was considered "desirable" but was not funded.[118][119] Roads and highways[edit] As of 2010[update], the county had a total of 1,930.77 miles (3,107.27 km) of roadways, of which 1,357.05 miles (2,183.96 km) were maintained by the local municipality, 372.63 miles (599.69 km) by Atlantic County and 143.50 miles (230.94 km) by the New Jersey Department of Transportation and 57.59 miles (92.68 km) by either the New Jersey Turnpike Authority or South Jersey Transportation Authority.[120] Major roadways include the Garden State Parkway (with 21.5 miles (34.6 km) of roadway in the county), the Atlantic City Expressway (29.6 miles (47.6 km)), U.S. Route 9, U.S. Route 30, U.S. Route 40, U.S. Route 206 and U.S. Route 322, as well as Route 49, Route 50, Route 52, Route 54, Route 87 and Route 152.[121] Public transportation[edit] NJ Transit's Atlantic City Line connects the Atlantic City Rail Terminal in Atlantic City with the 30th Street Station in Philadelphia, with service at intermediate stations at Hammonton, Egg Harbor City and Absecon in the county.[122][123] New Jersey portal National Register of Historic Places listings in Atlantic County, New Jersey ^ Term ends December 31, 2019. ^ Hutchinson, Viola L. The Origin of New Jersey Place Names, New Jersey Public Library Commission, May 1945. Accessed October 30, 2017. ^ a b New Jersey County Map, New Jersey Department of State. Accessed July 10, 2017. ^ a b c Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2017 - 2017 Population Estimates, United States Census Bureau. Accessed March 24, 2018. ^ a b c d e DP1 - Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data for Atlantic County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 30, 2013. ^ a b c d e DP-1 - Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000; Census 2000 Summary File 1 (SF 1) 100-Percent Data for Atlantic County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed January 21, 2013. ^ NJ Labor Market Views Archived 2013-09-20 at the Wayback Machine, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development, March 15, 2011. Accessed October 7, 2013. ^ a b c d New Jersey: 2010 - Population and Housing Unit Counts; 2010 Census of Population and Housing, p. 6, CPH-2-32. United States Census Bureau, August 2012. Accessed August 29, 2016. ^ a b State & County QuickFacts - Atlantic County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed March 24, 2018. ^ a b GCT-PEPANNCHG: Estimates of Resident Population Change and Rankings: July 1, 2016 to July 1, 2017 - State -- County / County Equivalent from the 2017 Population Estimates for New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed March 24, 2018. ^ May 2012 Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Area Definitions, Bureau of Labor Statistics. Accessed May 29, 2013. ^ May 2012 Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Area Definitions, Bureau of Labor Statistics. Accessed October 7, 2013. ^ Revised Delineations of Metropolitan Statistical Areas, Micropolitan Statistical Areas, and Combined Statistical Areas, and Guidance on Uses of the Delineations of These Areas, Office of Management and Budget, February 28, 2013. Accessed October 7, 2013. ^ a b c d e f g h i j John P. Snyder (1969). The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606-1968 (PDF). Trenton, New Jersey: Bureau of Geology and Topography. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Atlantic County Master Plan" (PDF). Government of Atlantic County. October 2000. Retrieved July 16, 2018. ^ "A Short History of Somers Point" (PDF). Somers Point Historical Society. 2014. Retrieved July 15, 2018. ^ a b c "History of Atlantic County". Government of Atlantic County. Retrieved July 15, 2018. ^ Carol Johnson; David Munn. "Jersey Devil - Fact or Fiction?". Atlantic County Library. Retrieved July 15, 2018. ^ a b "A Brief History of The Atlantic County Sheriff's Office". Atlantic County Sheriff. Retrieved July 15, 2018. ^ a b c d e John Warner Barber (1844). Historical Collections of the State of New Jersey: Containing a General Collection of the Most Interesting Facts, Traditions, Biographical Sketches, Anecdotes, Etc., Relating to Its History and Antiquities, with Geographical Descriptions of Every Township in the State. pp. 63–64. ^ a b "How the Railroads came to Margate" (PDF). The Beacon; the Margate Public Library. 10 (3): 1, 6. July 2010. ^ a b c d e f g h New Jersey Historic Bridge Survey (PDF). A. G. Lichtenstein & Associates (Report). New Jersey Department of Transportation. September 1994. pp. 85–92. Retrieved July 16, 2018. ^ a b "History of Casino Gambling in Atlantic City". Atlantic County Library. Retrieved July 16, 2018. ^ "CMP Summary". State of New Jersey Pinelands Commission. Retrieved January 1, 2018. ^ Erik Larson (March 5, 2016). "South Jersey voted to secede from NJ". Asbury Park Press. Retrieved April 19, 2018. ^ "Census 2010 U.S. Gazetteer Files: New Jersey Counties" (TXT). United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 16, 2018. ^ Peter L. Griffes (2004). "Intercoastal Waterway". Atlantic Boating Almanacs: Sandy Hook, NJ To St. Johns River, Fl & Bermuda. Atlantic Boating Almanac. 3. pp. 161, 174–175. ^ "Atlantic County High Point, New Jersey". Retrieved July 16, 2018. ^ "Areas touching Atlantic County". MapIt. Retrieved May 11, 2015. ^ a b Monthly Averages for Mays Landing, New Jersey, The Weather Channel. Accessed October 13, 2012. ^ a b "High Wind Event". National Climatic Data Center. Retrieved July 18, 2018. ^ Blake, Eric S; Kimberlain, Todd B; Berg, Robert J; Cangialosi, John P; Beven II, John L (February 12, 2013). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Sandy: October 22 – 29, 2012 (PDF) (Report). United States National Hurricane Center. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 17, 2013. Retrieved July 19, 2015. ^ Edwin P. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge, United States Fish and Wildlife Service. Accessed October 24, 2017. "Welcome to the Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge, where more than 47,000 acres of southern New Jersey coastal habitats are actively protected and managed for wildlife and for you." ^ Great Egg Harbor River, United States National Park Service. Accessed October 24, 2017. "Starting as a trickle near Berlin, NJ, the River gradually widens as it picks up the waters of 17 tributaries on its way to Great Egg Harbor and the Atlantic Ocean. Established by Congress in 1992, nearly all of this 129-mile river system rests within the Pinelands National Reserve." ^ Forstall, Richard L. Population of states and counties of the United States: 1790 to 1990 from the Twenty-one Decennial Censuses, pp. 108-109. United States Census Bureau, March 1996. ISBN 9780934213486. Accessed October 7, 2013. ^ U.S. Census Bureau Delivers New Jersey's 2010 Census Population Totals, United States Census Bureau, February 3, 2011. Accessed February 5, 2011. ^ American FactFinder, United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014. ^ a b c Tables DP-1 to DP-4 from Census 2000 for Atlantic County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau, backed up by the Internet Archive as of May 18, 2011. Accessed October 1, 2013. ^ DP-2 - Profile of Selected Social Characteristics: 2000 from the Census 2000 Summary File 3 (SF 3) - Sample Data for Atlantic County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 30, 2013. ^ DP-3 - Profile of Selected Economic Characteristics: 2000 from Census 2000 Summary File 3 (SF 3) - Sample Data for Atlantic County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 30, 2013. ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved 2018-06-09. ^ Rinde, Meir. "Explainer: What's a Freeholder? NJ's Unusual County Government System", NJ Spotlight, October 27, 2015. Accessed February 25, 2018. "Five counties -- Atlantic, Bergen, Essex, Hudson, and Mercer -- opted for popularly elected county executives in addition to freeholder boards." ^ a b Atlantic County Board of Chosen Freeholders, Atlantic County, New Jersey. Accessed October 21, 2017. ^ District Map, Atlantic County, New Jersey. Accessed October 21, 2017. ^ Gallo Jr., Bill. "Which N.J. county freeholders are paid the most?", NJ.com, March 11, 2016. Accessed October 25, 2017. "Freeholder chairman: $21,500; Other freeholders: $20,000" ^ County Executive, Atlantic County, New Jersey. Accessed June 5, 2018. ^ Hurley, Harry. "Dennis Levinson seeks his fifth term as Atlantic County executive" Archived 2018-02-23 at the Wayback Machine, Shore News Today, July 21, 2015. Accessed June 5, 2018. "Levinson went on to win the elections of 1999, 2003, 2007 and 2011, consistently by very wide margins." ^ Atlantic County Manual 2017, Atlantic County, New Jersey. Accessed June 5, 2018. ^ Frank D. Formica, Atlantic County, New Jersey. Accessed June 5, 2018. ^ Maureen Kern, Atlantic County, New Jersey. Accessed June 5, 2018. ^ James A. Bertino, Atlantic County, New Jersey. Accessed June 5, 2018. ^ Ernest D. Coursey, Atlantic County, New Jersey. Accessed June 5, 2018. ^ Richard R. Dase, Atlantic County, New Jersey. Accessed June 5, 2018. ^ Caren L. Fitzpatrick, Atlantic County, New Jersey. Accessed June 5, 2018. ^ Amy L. Gatto, Atlantic County, New Jersey. Accessed June 5, 2018. ^ John W. Risley, Atlantic County, New Jersey. Accessed June 5, 2018. ^ New Jersey State Constitution (1947), Article VII, Section II, Paragraph 2, New Jersey Department of State. Accessed October 26, 2017. ^ Constitutional Officers, Atlantic County, New Jersey. Accessed June 5, 2018. ^ Meet the Atlantic County Clerk, Atlantic County Clerk. Accessed October 21, 2017. ^ Members List: Clerks, Constitutional Officers Association of New Jersey. Accessed October 22, 2017. ^ Sheriff Eric Scheffler, Atlantic County Sheriff's Office. Accessed June 5, 2018. ^ Members List: Sheriffs, Constitutional Officers Association of New Jersey. Accessed June 5, 2018. ^ Surrogate's Office, Atlantic County, New Jersey. Accessed October 21, 2017. ^ Members List: Surrogates, Constitutional Officers Association of New Jersey. Accessed October 22, 2017. ^ Meet the Prosecutor, Office of the Atlantic County Prosecutor. Accessed October 2, 2017. "Prosecutor Damon G. Tyner was appointed as the Atlantic County Prosecutor on March 15, 2017 by the Governor of New Jersey with the advice and consent of the State Senate." ^ "Governor Chris Christie Files Nomination", Governor of New Jersey Chris Christie, press release dated February 28, 2017. "Atlantic County Prosecutor - Nominate for appointment the Honorable Damon Tyner (Egg Harbor Township, Atlantic)" ^ Atlantic/Cape May Counties, New Jersey Courts. Accessed October 21, 2017. ^ 2012 Congressional Districts by County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections. Accessed October 2, 2013. ^ Plan Components Report, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 23, 2011. Accessed October 2, 2013. ^ Directory of Representatives: New Jersey, United States House of Representatives. Accessed January 3, 2019. ^ 2011 Legislative Districts by County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections. Accessed October 2, 2013. ^ District 1 Legislators, New Jersey Legislature. Accessed January 22, 2018. ^ a b Statewide Voter Registration Summary, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, as of October 31, 2014. Accessed May 11, 2015. ^ GCT-P7: Selected Age Groups: 2010 - State -- County / County Equivalent from the 2010 Census Summary File 1 for New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed May 11, 2015. ^ Presidential November 6, 2012 General Election Results - Atlantic County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, March 15, 2013. Accessed December 24, 2014. ^ Number of Registered Voters and Ballots Cast November 6, 2012 General Election Results - Atlantic County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, March 15, 2013. Accessed December 24, 2014. ^ 2008 Presidential General Election Results: Atlantic County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 23, 2008. Accessed December 24, 2014. ^ 2004 Presidential Election: Atlantic County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 13, 2004. Accessed December 24, 2014. ^ 2013 Governor: Atlantic County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, January 29, 2014. Accessed December 24, 2014. ^ Number of Registered Voters and Ballots Cast November 5, 2013 General Election Results : Atlantic County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, January 29, 2014. Accessed December 24, 2014. ^ 2009 Governor: Atlantic County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 31, 2009. Accessed December 24, 2014. ^ a b c Steven Lemongello (July 17, 2011). "Historian: Atlantic City was built by the railroad". Press of Atlantic City. Retrieved July 16, 2018. ^ Susan Tischler. "The Excursionists: A Ticket to Success". Cape May Magazine. Retrieved March 29, 2018. ^ Jacqueline L. Urgo (December 20, 2015). "Historic New Jersey winery works to stay open". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Archived from the original on 2018-08-07. Retrieved August 6, 2018. ^ Joseph Federico; Matthew McHenry (2011). Galloway Township. Arcadia Publishing. p. 83. ^ Charles Hammell (August 30, 1981). "Sherry to Champagne State's Wineries Produce It". The New York Times. Retrieved August 6, 2018. ^ Hudson Cattell (2014). Wines of Eastern North America: From Prohibition to the Present—A History and Desk Reference. Cornell University Press. p. 288. ^ Kevin Post (December 21, 2012). "Old winery, new location in Vineland". Press of Atlantic City. ^ Hope Gruzlovic (March 20, 1998). "Sylvin Farms Wins 1998 Governor's Cup". New Jersey Department of Agriculture. Retrieved August 7, 2018. ^ Paul Tonnacci (May 20, 2015). "Bellview Winery has great history, awesome summer music". Press of Atlantic City. Retrieved August 6, 2018. ^ "Guide To South Jersey Wineries". CBS3 Philadelphia. July 7, 2011. Retrieved August 7, 2018. ^ Lee Procida (February 4, 2011). "Outcome of federal court case could sour New Jersey's wine industry". Press of Atlantic City. Retrieved August 7, 2018. ^ Pamela Dollak (September 24, 2014). "Take in Tun Tavern - A.C.'s historic brew house". Press of Atlantic City. Retrieved August 6, 2018. ^ Nicholas Huba (October 21, 2015). "Tuckahoe Brewing moves to bigger digs in Egg Harbor Township". Press of Atlantic City. Retrieved August 6, 2018. ^ Ray Schweibert (April 6, 2015). "A.C. Beer and Music Fest is the total entertainment package". Press of Atlantic City. Retrieved August 6, 2018. ^ Bill Barlow (January 15, 2018). "Hidden Sands Brewing Co. opens in Egg Harbor Township". Press of Atlantic City. Retrieved August 6, 2018. ^ Michael Miller (June 28, 2015). "New distillery opens in Wildwood". Press of Atlantic City. Retrieved August 6, 2018. ^ "Little Water opens as Atlantic City's first legal distillery". The Philadelphia Inquirer. November 30, 2016. Retrieved August 6, 2018. ^ GCT-PH1: Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County -- County Subdivision and Place from the 2010 Census Summary File 1 for Atlantic County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed January 18, 2014. ^ Locality Search Archived 2016-07-09 at the Wayback Machine, State of New Jersey. Accessed May 11, 2015. ^ History, Atlantic Cape Community College. Accessed October 2, 2013. ^ Rutgers Off Campus - Atlantic Cape, Rutgers University. Accessed October 28, 2013. ^ History, Stockton University. Accessed October 21, 2017. ^ "About AtlantiCare". AtlantiCare. Retrieved July 15, 2018. ^ "Locations & Hours". AtlantiCare. Retrieved July 15, 2018. ^ Pamela Dollak (February 25, 2016). "A 75-year history". Press of Atlantic City. Retrieved December 21, 2017. ^ Shore Medical Center 2015 Annual Report (Report). September 7, 2016. Issuu.com. Retrieved December 21, 2017. ^ "Division of Adult Detention (Atlantic County Jail)". Government of Atlantic County. Retrieved July 15, 2018. ^ Edgar A. Haine (1993). Railroad Wrecks. Cornwall Books. pp. 68–70. ^ a b c "The Garden State Parkway Crossing the Great Egg Harbor Bay" (PDF). New Jersey Turnpike Authority. Retrieved March 6, 2018. ^ "History & Milestones". South Jersey Transportation Authority. 2012. Retrieved July 16, 2018. ^ Memorandum of Understanding between the New Jersey Expressway Authority and the New Jersey Pinelands Commission (PDF) (Report). December 19, 1990. ^ NJ Route 52 (1) Causeway Between City of Somers Point, Atlantic County, and Ocean City, Cape May County Draft Environmental Impact Statement (PDF) (Report). United States Department of Transportation. August 2000. III-62, III-77, III-89, III-116, III-118, III-130, IV-II, I-13. Retrieved March 2, 2018. ^ Atlantic County Mileage by Municipality and Jurisdiction, New Jersey Department of Transportation, May 2010. Accessed December 23, 2013. ^ Fast Facts About Atlantic County, Atlantic County, New Jersey. Accessed October 21, 2017. ^ Atlantic City Rail Line, NJ Transit. Accessed December 24, 2013. ^ South Jersey Transit Guide Archived 2018-09-29 at the Wayback Machine, Cross County Connection, as of April 1, 2010. Accessed May 11, 2015. Atlantic County website History of Atlantic County, New Jersey Municipalities and communities of Atlantic County, New Jersey, United States County seat: Mays Landing Brigantine Corbin City Estell Manor Margate City Port Republic Somers Point Ventnor City Longport Mullica Collings Lakes Mays Landing Absecon Highlands Bargaintown Belcoville Clarks Landing Conovertown Dutchtown East Vineland English Creek Hunters Mill Jeffers Landing Leeds Point McKee City Milmay Minotola Oceanville Penny Pot Seaview Harbor Government of Atlantic County, New Jersey Dennis Levinson Board of Chosen Freeholders At-large: Frank D. Formica (Chairman) At-large: Caren L. Fitzpatrick At-large: Amy L. Gatto At-large: John W. Risley District 1: Ernest D. Coursey District 2: Maureen Kern (Vice Chairwoman) District 3: Ashley Bennett District 4: Richard R. Dase District 5: James A. Bertino Constitutional Officers Sheriff: Eric Scheffler County Clerk: Edward P. McGettigan County Surrogate: James Curcio Atlantic County Criminal Courts Complex (Mays Landing) Atlantic County Civil Courts Complex (Atlantic City) Atlantic Cape Community College Atlantic County Roads Atlantic County Special Services School District Atlantic County Vocational School District Atlantic County Utilities Authority South Jersey Transportation Authority Trenton (capital) Atlantic Coastal Plain Delaware River Region Hudson Waterfront New York metro area North Hudson Pascack Valley Raritan Bayshore Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians Southern Shore Region Skylands Region Tri‑State Region West Hudson Major cities and towns Brandywine Hundred New Castle Hundred Lower Makefield Places adjacent to Atlantic County, New Jersey Camden County and Gloucester County Burlington County Ocean County Cumberland County Cape May County Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Atlantic_County,_New_Jersey&oldid=901977367" 1837 establishments in New Jersey Geography of the Pine Barrens (New Jersey) Populated places established in 1837 Articles with dead external links from May 2015 Atlantic City International Airport is a joint civil-military airport 10 miles northwest of Atlantic City, New Jersey, in Egg Harbor Township, the Pomona section of Galloway Township and in Hamilton Township. The airport is accessible via Exit 9 on the Atlantic City Expressway; the facility is operated by the South Jersey Transportation Authority and the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, which performs select management functions. Most of the land is owned by the Federal Aviation Administration and leased to the SJTA, while the SJTA owns the terminal building; the facility is a base for the New Jersey Air National Guard's 177th Fighter Wing operating the F-16C/D Fighting Falcon, the United States Coast Guard's Coast Guard Air Station Atlantic City operating the Eurocopter HH-65 Dolphin. The airport is next to the FAA's William J. Hughes Technical Center, a major research and testing hub for the Federal Aviation Administration and a training center for the Federal Air Marshal Service. It was a designated alternative landing site for the Space Shuttle. The airport is served by Spirit Airlines which operates Airbus A319, Airbus A320 and Airbus A321 jetliners. Additionally, Caesars Entertainment has flights to cities east of the Mississippi River on its Total Rewards Air; this is offered as a scheduled charter year-round. United Airlines operated a series of flights starting in April, 2014, but decided the flights were not viable and discontinued service on December 3, 2014; the South Jersey Transportation Authority has outlined plans for massive terminal expansions which might be needed if more airlines serve the airport. Passenger traffic at the airport in 2011 was 1,404,119, making it the 102nd busiest airport in the country; the SJTA owns a small area around the terminal and leases runways and other land from the FAA. New Jersey Governor Chris Christie in March 2013 ordered a takeover of the airport's operations by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. In 1942, Naval Air Station Atlantic City was built on 2,444 acres of leased private land in Egg Harbor Township, New Jersey. Its purpose was to train various carrier air groups consisting of fighter and torpedo squadrons. In August 1943, NAS Atlantic City changed its mission to fighter training, consisting of low and high altitude gunnery tactics, field carrier landing practice, carrier qualifications, formation tactics, fighter direction, night operations and an associated ground school curriculum. NAS Atlantic City was decommissioned in June 1958 and transferred to the Airways Modernization Board taken over by the FAA. In November 1958 the then-Federal Aviation Agency, now Federal Aviation Administration, took over operations of the AMB; the lease transferred to the FAA and was sold for $55,000. Atlantic City decided to retain 84 of the 4,312 acres; the FAA expanded the former U. S. Navy land parcel to about 5,000 acres and established the National Aviation Facilities Experimental Center research facility that became the William J. Hughes Technical Center; the South Jersey Transportation Authority leased portions of the airport from the FAA and now serves as the airport owner and operator of the facility. When the Navy departed in 1958, the 119th Fighter Squadron of the New Jersey Air National Guard relocated to Atlantic City from their former base at Newark International Airport with their F-84F Thunderstreak aircraft, establishing an Air National Guard base on the site of the former naval air station. The current 177th Fighter Wing of the New Jersey Air National Guard has been at this location since. During the 1960s and early 1970s, the active duty U. S. Air Force's 95th Fighter Interceptor Squadron, stationed at Dover AFB, maintained an Operating Location and Alert Detachment of F-106 Delta Darts at Atlantic City ANGB on 24-hour alert. After the 177th Fighter Wing reequipped with the F-106 in 1973, the 177th took on the air defence alert mission. In the fall of 1983, American International Airways attempted to operate a small hub at the airport with Douglas DC-9-30 jetliners with passenger service to Boston, Chicago, Detroit, Fort Lauderdale, Orlando, Pittsburgh and West Palm Beach. ACY has had US Airways jet service to Pittsburgh as well as US Airways Express turboprops to Philadelphia and Washington, Continental Express turboprops and regional jets to Cleveland Hopkins International Airport. This regional jet service for Continental Airlines was operated by ExpressJet Airlines with Embraer ERJs. On July 26, 1969, TWA flight 5787, a Boeing 707-331C crashed while performing a practice missed approach with an engine out on runway 13. There was a total of five fatalities; the NTSB subsequently attributed the cause of the accident to, "loss of directional control, which resulted from the intentional shutdown of the pumps supplying hydraulic pressure to the rudder without a concurrent restoration of power on the No. 4 engine."Delta Air Lines had flights to Boston on Delta Connection regional jets operated by Atlantic Coast Airlines until a few years ago. In addition, Delta Connection via its partner Comair operated flights to Cincinnati and Orlando, which ended on May 1, 2007. WestJet had Boeing 737 jetliner flights from ACY to Toronto, but ended them on May 9, 2010, leaving the airport with no international service. On April 1, 2014, United Airlines started service from Atlantic City to Chicago–O'Hare and Houston, but the service was discontinued on December 3, 2014. Air Canada had seasonal flights to Toronto in the Summer of 2015, but has decided Tuckahoe River (New Jersey) The Tuckahoe River is a 27.6-mile-long blackwater river in southern New Jersey in the United States. One of the few blackwater rivers in the northeastern United States, the river drains an area of the southern Pinelands and empties into the Atlantic Ocean; the Tuckahoe River rises in central Atlantic County 5 miles east of Vineland and flows south east, forming part of the boundary between Atlantic and Cape May counties past Tuckahoe, where it becomes navigable. It flows into Great Egg Harbor Bay just south of the mouth of the Great Egg Harbor River 5 miles southwest of Atlantic City; the lower 4 miles form a widening estuary through Great Cedar Swamp downstream from its head of navigation at Tuckahoe. Cedar Swamp Creek List of rivers of New Jersey Tuckahoe River photographs by Michael Hogan U. S. Geological Survey: NJ stream gaging stations Jersey Devil In New Jersey and Philadelphia folklore, the Jersey Devil is a legendary creature said to inhabit the Pine Barrens of Southern New Jersey. The creature is described as a flying biped with hooves, but there are many variations; the common description is that of a kangaroo-like or wyvern-like creature with a goat- or horse-like head, leathery bat-like wings, small arms with clawed hands, cloven hooves and a forked tail. It has been reported to move and is described as emitting a high-pitched "blood-curdling scream". According to popular folklore, the Jersey Devil originated with a Pine Barrens resident named Jane Leeds, known as Mother Leeds; the legend states that Mother Leeds had 12 children and, after finding she was pregnant for the 13th time, cursed the child in frustration, crying that the child would be the devil. During 1735, Mother Leeds was in labor on a stormy night. Born as a normal child, the thirteenth child changed to a creature with hooves, a goat's head, bat wings, a forked tail. Growling and screaming, it killed the midwife before flying up the chimney and heading into the pines. In some versions of the tale, Mother Leeds was a witch and the child's father was the devil himself; some versions of the legend state that there was subsequently an attempt by local clergymen to exorcise the creature from the Pine Barrens, or that the creature proceeded to kill local children. Prior to the early 1900s, before the series of reported sightings of the creature during 1909, the Jersey Devil was referred to as the Leeds Devil or the "Devil of Leeds", either in connection with the local Leeds family or the eponymous southern New Jersey town, Leeds Point."Mother Leeds" has been identified by some as Deborah Leeds, on grounds that Deborah Leeds' husband, Japhet Leeds, named twelve children in the will he wrote during 1736, compatible with the legend. Deborah and Japhet Leeds lived in the Leeds Point section of what is now Atlantic County, New Jersey, the location of the Jersey Devil story. Brian Regal, a historian of science at Kean University, theorizes that the story of Mother Leeds, rather than being based on a single historical person, originated from colonial southern New Jersey religio-political disputes that became the subject of folklore and gossip among the local population. According to Regal, folk legends concerning these historical disputes evolved through the years and resulted in the modern popular legend of the Jersey Devil during the early 20th century. Regal contends that "colonial-era political intrigue" involving early New Jersey politicians, Benjamin Franklin, Franklin's rival almanac publisher Daniel Leeds resulted in the Leeds family being described as "monsters", it was Daniel Leeds' negative description as the "Leeds Devil", rather than any actual creature, that created the legend of the Jersey Devil. Much like the Mother Leeds of the Jersey Devil myth, Daniel Leeds' third wife had given birth to nine children, a large number of children for the time. Leeds' second wife and first daughter had both died during childbirth. As a royal surveyor with strong allegiance to the British crown, Leeds had surveyed and acquired land in the Egg Harbor area, located within the Pine Barrens; the land was inherited by Leeds' sons and family and is now known as Leeds Point, one of the areas in the Pine Barrens most associated with the Jersey Devil legend and alleged Jersey Devil sightings. Starting in the 17th century, English Quakers established settlements in southern New Jersey, the region in which the Pine Barrens are located. Daniel Leeds, a Quaker and a prominent person of pre-Revolution colonial southern New Jersey, became ostracized by his Quaker congregation after his 1687 publication of almanacs containing astrological symbols and writings. Leeds' fellow Quakers deemed the astrology in these almanacs as too "pagan" or blasphemous, the almanacs were censored and destroyed by the local Quaker community. In response to and in spite of this censorship, Leeds continued to publish more esoteric astrological Christian writings and became fascinated with Christian occultism, Christian mysticism, cosmology and angelology, natural magic. By the 1690s, after his almanacs and writings were further censored as blasphemous or heretical by the Philadelphia Quaker Meeting, Leeds continued to dispute with the Quaker community, converting to Anglicanism and publishing anti-Quaker tracts criticizing Quaker theology and accusing Quakers of being anti-monarchists. In the ensuing dispute between Leeds and the southern New Jersey Quakers over Leeds' accusations, Leeds was endorsed by the much-maligned British royal governor of New Jersey, Lord Cornbury, despised among the Quaker communities. Leeds worked as a councilor to Lord Cornbury about this time. Considering Leeds as a traitor for aiding the Crown and rejecting Quaker beliefs, the Quaker Burlington Meeting of southern New Jersey subsequently dismissed Leeds as "evil". During 1716, Daniel Leeds' son, Titan Leeds, inherited his father's almanac business, which continued to use astrological content and competed with Benjamin Franklin's popular Poor Richard's Almanac; the competition between the two men intensified when, during 1733, Franklin satirically used astrology in his almanac to predict Titan Leeds' death on October of that same year. Though Franklin's prediction was intended as a joke at his competitor's expense and a means to boost almanac sales, Titan Leeds was offended at the death prediction, publishing a public admonition of Franklin as a "fool" and a "liar". In a published response, Franklin mocked Titan Leeds' outrage and humorously suggested that, in fact, Titan Hammonton, New Jersey Hammonton is a town in Atlantic County, New Jersey, United States, known as the "Blueberry Capital of the World." As of the 2010 United States Census, the town's population was 14,791, reflecting an increase of 2,187 from the 12,604 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 396 from the 12,208 counted in the 1990 Census. Hammonton was settled in 1812 and was named for John Hammond Coffin, a son of one of the community's earliest settlers, William Coffin, with the "d" in what was "Hammondton" disappearing over time, it was incorporated as a town by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 5, 1866, from portions of Hamilton Township and Mullica Township. It is located directly between Philadelphia and the resort town of Atlantic City, along a former route of the Pennsylvania Railroad, used by NJ Transit's Atlantic City Line. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town had a total area of 41.419 square miles, including 40.887 square miles of land and 0.532 square miles of water. The town borders Folsom borough, to the southwest, both Hamilton and Mullica townships to the southeast in Atlantic County. It is located in the Atlantic Coastal Plain, so is flat, though the highest point in Atlantic County is located along the Pennsylvania Railroad within the borders of Hammonton; the town is located exactly halfway between Philadelphia and Atlantic City. Unincorporated communities and place names located or within the town include Barnard, Caldwell Crossing, Dutchtown, Great Swamp, Rockford, Rockwood and West Mills; the town is one of 56 South Jersey municipalities that are included within the New Jersey Pinelands National Reserve, a protected natural area of unique ecology covering 1,100,000 acres, classified as a United States Biosphere Reserve and established by Congress in 1978 as the nation's first National Reserve. All of the town is included in the state-designated Pinelands Area, which includes portions of Atlantic County, along with areas in Burlington, Cape May, Cumberland and Ocean counties. Due to its location in the Pine Barrens, the soil is sandy, making it ideal for growing blueberries. Low, marshy areas within the Pine Barrens are used for cranberry cultivation. Hammonton lies in the northern reaches of the humid subtropical climate zone, similar to inland southern New Jersey, is characterized by brisk winters, hot summers, plentiful precipitation spread evenly throughout the year. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Hammonton's climate is abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps; as of the 2010 United States Census, there were 14,791 people, 5,408 households, 3,758.560 families residing in the town. The population density was 361.8 per square mile. There were 5,715 housing units at an average density of 139.8 per square mile. The racial makeup of the town was 81.67% White, 3.00% Black or African American, 0.28% Native American, 1.37% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 10.81% from other races, 2.85% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 20.93% of the population. There were 5,408 households out of which 31.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.5% were married couples living together, 12.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 30.5% were non-families. 25.0% of all households were made up of individuals, 12.6% had someone living alone, 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.19. In the town, the population was spread out with 23.4% under the age of 18, 8.2% from 18 to 24, 26.4% from 25 to 44, 26.1% from 45 to 64, 16.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39.6 years. For every 100 females there were 99.0 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 95.2 males. The Census Bureau's 2006-2010 American Community Survey showed that median household income was $59,085 and the median family income was $62,354. Males had a median income of $47,110 versus $36,615 for females; the per capita income for the borough was $25,292. About 8.4% of families and 10.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.1% of those under age 18 and 9.2% of those age 65 or over. As of the 2000 United States Census there were 12,604 people, 4,619 households, 3,270 families residing in the town. The population density was 305.5 people per square mile. There were 4,843 housing units at an average density of 117.4 per square mile. The racial makeup of the town was 87.85% White, 1.74% African American, 0.14% Native American, 1.14% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 7.83% from other races, 1.27% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 14.88% of the population. As of the 2000 Census, 45.9% of town residents were of Italian ancestry, the second-highest percentage of any municipality in the United States, highest in New Jersey, among all places with more than 1,000 residents identifying their ancestry. News reports have said. There were 4,619 households out of which 30.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.6% were married couples living together, 11.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 29.2% were non-families. 23.9% of a The United States of America known as the United States or America, is a country composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, various possessions. At 3.8 million square miles, the United States is the world's third or fourth largest country by total area and is smaller than the entire continent of Europe's 3.9 million square miles. With a population of over 327 million people, the U. S. is the third most populous country. The capital is Washington, D. C. and the largest city by population is New York City. Forty-eight states and the capital's federal district are contiguous in North America between Canada and Mexico; the State of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east and across the Bering Strait from Russia to the west. The State of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean; the U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, stretching across nine official time zones. The diverse geography and wildlife of the United States make it one of the world's 17 megadiverse countries. Paleo-Indians migrated from Siberia to the North American mainland at least 12,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century; the United States emerged from the thirteen British colonies established along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the colonies following the French and Indian War led to the American Revolution, which began in 1775, the subsequent Declaration of Independence in 1776; the war ended in 1783 with the United States becoming the first country to gain independence from a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, with the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, being ratified in 1791 to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties; the United States embarked on a vigorous expansion across North America throughout the 19th century, acquiring new territories, displacing Native American tribes, admitting new states until it spanned the continent by 1848. During the second half of the 19th century, the Civil War led to the abolition of slavery. By the end of the century, the United States had extended into the Pacific Ocean, its economy, driven in large part by the Industrial Revolution, began to soar. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the country's status as a global military power; the United States emerged from World War II as a global superpower, the first country to develop nuclear weapons, the only country to use them in warfare, a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council. Sweeping civil rights legislation, notably the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965 and the Fair Housing Act of 1968, outlawed discrimination based on race or color. During the Cold War, the United States and the Soviet Union competed in the Space Race, culminating with the 1969 U. S. Moon landing; the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the world's sole superpower. The United States is the world's oldest surviving federation, it is a representative democracy. The United States is a founding member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States, other international organizations. The United States is a developed country, with the world's largest economy by nominal GDP and second-largest economy by PPP, accounting for a quarter of global GDP; the U. S. economy is post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge-based activities, although the manufacturing sector remains the second-largest in the world. The United States is the world's largest importer and the second largest exporter of goods, by value. Although its population is only 4.3% of the world total, the U. S. holds 31% of the total wealth in the world, the largest share of global wealth concentrated in a single country. Despite wide income and wealth disparities, the United States continues to rank high in measures of socioeconomic performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP, worker productivity. The United States is the foremost military power in the world, making up a third of global military spending, is a leading political and scientific force internationally. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a world map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America in honor of the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci; the first documentary evidence of the phrase "United States of America" is from a letter dated January 2, 1776, written by Stephen Moylan, Esq. to George Washington's aide-de-camp and Muster-Master General of the Continental Army, Lt. Col. Joseph Reed. Moylan expressed his wish to go "with full and ample powers from the United States of America to Spain" to seek assistance in the revolutionary war effort; the first known publication of the phrase "United States of America" was in an anonymous essay in The Virginia Gazette newspaper in Williamsburg, Virginia, on April 6, 1776. The second draft of the Articles of Confederation, prepared by John Dickinson and completed by June 17, 1776, at the latest, declared "The name of this Confederation shall be the'United States of America'". The final version of the Articles sent to the states for ratification in late 1777 contains the sentence "The Stile of this Confederacy shall be'The United States of America'". In June 1776, Thomas Jefferson wrote the phrase "UNITED STATES OF AMERICA" in all capitalized letters in the headline of his "original Rough draught" of the Declaration of Independence; this draft of the document did not surface unti Gloucester City, New Jersey Gloucester City is a city in Camden County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city's population was 11,456, reflecting a decline of 28 from the 11,484 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn declined by 1,165 from the 12,649 counted in the 1990 Census, it is located directly across the Port of Philadelphia. Gloucester City was incorporated by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on February 25, 1868, from the remaining portions of Union Township, dissolved. Additional territory was annexed in 1925 in 1927 from Haddon Township; the city's name derives from England. Gloucester City is known for its Irish American population, ninth-highest in the United States by percentage in the 2000 Census; the name Fort Nassau was used by the Dutch in the 17th century for several fortifications trading stations, named for the House of Orange-Nassau. The one built in the 1620s at today's Gloucester City was for trade in beaver pelts, with the indigenous population of Susquehannock and Lenape. The region along the Delaware River and its bay was called the Zuyd Rivier and marked the southern flank of the province of New Netherland. From 1638-1655 the area was part of New Sweden, established by Peter Minuit, Director of New Netherland, was responsible for the famous purchase of the island of Manhattan; the location was disadvantageous since the richest fur-trapping area was on the west side of the river, where Swedish could intercept trade with the natives. In 1651, Peter Stuyvesant, director-general of New Netherland, dismantled the structure and relocated to a position on the other side of the river, in part to menace the Swedish, calling it Fort Casimir. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city had a total area of 2.782 square miles, including 2.320 square miles of land and 0.462 square miles of water. Unincorporated communities and place names located or within the city include Cloversdale, Gloucester Heights, Highland Park and Newbold; the city borders Bellmawr, Camden, Haddon Township, Mount Ephraim. Gloucester City borders Westville in Gloucester County and the city of Philadelphia in Pennsylvania, across the Delaware River. As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 11,456 people, 4,248 households, 2,803.680 families residing in the city. The population density was 4,937.8 per square mile. There were 4,712 housing units at an average density of 2,031.0 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 90.52% White, 3.07% Black or African American, 0.14% Native American, 2.68% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 1.82% from other races, 1.76% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.70% of the population. There were 4,248 households out of which 29.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.3% were married couples living together, 15.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 34.0% were non-families. 27.4% of all households were made up of individuals, 12.9% had someone living alone, 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.31. In the city, the population was spread out with 24.5% under the age of 18, 9.3% from 18 to 24, 26.4% from 25 to 44, 26.9% from 45 to 64, 12.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36.7 years. For every 100 females there were 97.0 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 94.4 males. The Census Bureau's 2006-2010 American Community Survey showed that median household income was $52,222 and the median family income was $58,825. Males had a median income of $49,032 versus $36,560 for females; the per capita income for the city was $22,718. About 12.2% of families and 14.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.2% of those under age 18 and 8.8% of those age 65 or over. As of the 2000 United States Census there were 11,484 people, 4,213 households, 2,839 families residing in the city; the population density was 5,213.7 people per square mile. There were 4,604 housing units at an average density of 2,090.2 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 97.14% White, 0.69% African American, 0.18% Native American, 0.68% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.64% from other races, 0.64% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.88% of the population. As of the 2000 Census, 34.2% of Gloucester City residents were of Irish ancestry, the ninth-highest percentage of any municipality in the United States, third-highest in New Jersey, among all places with more than 1,000 residents identifying their ancestry. There were 4,213 households out of which 32.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.8% were married couples living together, 14.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 32.6% were non-families. 27.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.0% had someone living alone, 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.72 and the average family size was 3.32. In the city the population was spread out with 26.5% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 29.2% from 25 to 44, 21.5% from 45 to 64, 13.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.0 males. The median income for a household in the city was $36,855, the median income for a family was $46,038. Males had a media 2010 United States Census The 2010 United States Census is the twenty-third and most recent United States national census. National Census Day, the reference day used for the census, was April 1, 2010; the census was taken via mail-in citizen self-reporting, with enumerators serving to spot-check randomly selected neighborhoods and communities. As part of a drive to increase the count's accuracy, 635,000 temporary enumerators were hired; the population of the United States was counted as 308,745,538, a 9.7% increase from the 2000 Census. This was the first census in which all states recorded a population of over half a million, as well as the first in which all 100 largest cities recorded populations of over 200,000; as required by the United States Constitution, the U. S. census has been conducted every 10 years since 1790. The 2000 U. S. Census was the previous census completed. Participation in the U. S. Census is required by law in Title 13 of the United States Code. On January 25, 2010, Census Bureau Director Robert Groves inaugurated the 2010 Census enumeration by counting World War II veteran Clifton Jackson, a resident of Noorvik, Alaska. More than 120 million census forms were delivered by the U. S. Post Office beginning March 15, 2010; the number of forms mailed out or hand-delivered by the Census Bureau was 134 million on April 1, 2010. Although the questionnaire used April 1, 2010 as the reference date as to where a person was living, an insert dated March 15, 2010 included the following printed in bold type: "Please complete and mail back the enclosed census form today." The 2010 Census national mail participation rate was 74%. From April through July 2010, census takers visited households that did not return a form, an operation called "non-response follow-up". In December 2010, the U. S. Census Bureau delivered population information to the U. S. President for apportionment, in March 2011, complete redistricting data was delivered to states. Identifiable information will be available in 2082; the Census Bureau did not use a long form for the 2010 Census. In several previous censuses, one in six households received this long form, which asked for detailed social and economic information. The 2010 Census used only a short form asking ten basic questions: How many people were living or staying in this house, apartment, or mobile home on April 1, 2010? Were there any additional people staying here on April 1, 2010 that you did not include in Question 1? Mark all that apply: Is this house, apartment, or mobile home – What is your telephone number? What is Person 1's name? What is Person 1's sex? What is Person 1's age and Person 1's date of birth? Is Person 1 of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin? What is Person 1's race? Does Person 1 sometimes live or stay somewhere else? The form included space to repeat all of these questions for up to twelve residents total. In contrast to the 2000 census, an Internet response option was not offered, nor was the form available for download. Detailed socioeconomic information collected during past censuses will continue to be collected through the American Community Survey; the survey provides data about communities in the United States on a 1-year or 3-year cycle, depending on the size of the community, rather than once every 10 years. A small percentage of the population on a rotating basis will receive the survey each year, no household will receive it more than once every five years. In June 2009, the U. S. Census Bureau announced. However, the final form did not contain a separate "same-sex married couple" option; when noting the relationship between household members, same-sex couples who are married could mark their spouses as being "Husband or wife", the same response given by opposite-sex married couples. An "unmarried partner" option was available for couples; the 2010 census cost $13 billion $42 per capita. Operational costs were $5.4 billion under the $7 billion budget. In December 2010 the Government Accountability Office noted that the cost of conducting the census has doubled each decade since 1970. In a detailed 2004 report to Congress, the GAO called on the Census Bureau to address cost and design issues, at that time, had estimated the 2010 Census cost to be $11 billion. In August 2010, Commerce Secretary Gary Locke announced that the census operational costs came in under budget. Locke credited the management practices of Census Bureau director Robert Groves, citing in particular the decision to buy additional advertising in locations where responses lagged, which improved the overall response rate. The agency has begun to rely more on questioning neighbors or other reliable third parties when a person could not be reached at home, which reduced the cost of follow-up visits. Census data for about 22% of U. S. househol New Jersey [videos] New Jersey is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. It is located on a peninsula, bordered on the north and east by the state of New York, particularly along the extent of the length of New York City on its western edge; on the east, southeast, and south by the … The New Jersey Botanical Garden at Skylands in Ringwood State Park, Passaic and Bergen counties Washington Crossing the Delaware during the New York and New Jersey campaign, winter 1777 United States [videos] The United States of America, commonly known as the United States or America, is a country composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions. At 3.8 million square miles, the United States is the world's … Death of Captain Cook by Johann Zoffany (1795) Declaration of Independence by John Trumbull The national mammal, an American bison in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming Republican Party (United States) [videos] The Republican Party, also referred to as the GOP, is one of the two major political parties in the United States; the other is its historic rival, the Democratic Party. — The GOP was founded in 1854 by opponents of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, which had expanded slavery into U.S … Abraham Lincoln, 16th President of the United States (1861–1865) and the first Republican President Charles R. Jennison, an anti-slavery militia leader associated with the Jayhawkers from Kansas and an early Republican politician in the region. Ulysses S. Grant, 18th President of the United States (1869–1877) Theodore Roosevelt, 26th President of the United States (1901–1909) Atlantic City, New Jersey [videos] Atlantic City is a resort city in Atlantic County, New Jersey, United States, known for its casinos, boardwalk, and beaches. In 2010, the city had a population of 39,558. It was incorporated on May 1, 1854, from portions of Egg Harbor Township and Galloway Township. It borders Absecon, Brigantine … Seascape with Distant Lighthouse, Atlantic City, New Jersey, 1873, William Trost Richards. Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum A High Tide at Atlantic City by William Trost Richards is housed in the Brooklyn Museum. Blenheim part of the Marlborough-Blenheim Hotel from the beach Haddon Hall Hotel depicted on a postcard Hammonton, New Jersey [videos] Hammonton is a town in Atlantic County, New Jersey, United States, known as the "Blueberry Capital of the World." As of the 2010 United States Census, the town's population was 14,791, reflecting an increase of 2,187 from the 12,604 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased … William L. Black House The eastbound Atlantic City Expressway in Hammonton Hammonton station, which is served by NJ Transit's Atlantic City Line Aerial view of Hammonton, New Jersey (1926) Delaware Valley [videos] The Delaware Valley is the valley through which the Delaware River flows. By extension, this toponym is commonly used to refer to Greater Philadelphia or Philadelphia metropolitan area, which straddles the Lower Delaware River just north of its … Ocean City, New Jersey Grave of some of the 57 Irish victims of Duffy's Cut in West Laurel Hill Cemetery in Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania. Irish Americans make up the largest ethnicity in the Delaware Valley. Indigenous peoples of the Americas [videos] The indigenous peoples of the Americas are the Pre-Columbian peoples of North, Central and South America and their descendants. — Although some indigenous peoples of the Americas were traditionally hunter-gatherers—and many, especially in the Amazon basin, still are—many groups practiced aquaculture … Quechua women in Andahuaylillas, Peru A Navajo man on horseback in Monument Valley, Arizona, United States Some Inuit people on a traditional qamutiik (dog sled) in Cape Dorset, Nunavut, Canada Illustration of Paleo-Indians hunting a glyptodont 17th century [videos] The 17th century was the century that lasted from January 1, 1601, to December 31, 1700, in the Gregorian calendar. — It falls into the Early Modern period of Europe and in that continent was characterized by the Baroque cultural movement, the latter part of … New Amsterdam as it appeared in 1664. Under British rule it became known as New York City. Shōgun Tokugawa Ieyasu is the founder of Japan's last shogunate, which lasted well into the 19th century Miyamoto Musashi, Self-portrait, samurai, writer and artist, c. 1640 A scene on the ice, Dutch Republic, first half of 17th century Atlantic Ocean [videos] The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's oceans, with an area of about 106,460,000 square kilometers. It covers approximately 20 percent of the Earth's surface and about 29 percent of its water surface area. It separates the "Old World" from the "New World" … Sargassum fish (Histrio histrio) Opening of the Central Atlantic 200-170 Ma Excavation of the Ertebølle middens in 1880 Image: Blakey 200Ma COL Quakers [videos] Quakers are members of a historically Christian group of religious movements formally known as the Religious Society of Friends, Society of Friends or Friends Church. Members of the various Quaker movements are all generally united in a belief in the ability of each human being to … George Fox, an early Quaker James Nayler, a prominent Quaker leader, being pilloried and whipped Quaker Mary Dyer led to execution on Boston Common, 1 June 1660 Friends' Syrian Mission, 1874, built this mission house in Ramallah The 18th century lasted from January 1, 1701 to December 31, 1800 in the Gregorian calendar. During the 18th century, elements of Enlightenment thinking culminated in the American, French, and Haitian revolutions. This was an age of violent slave trading, and global human trafficking. The reactions … Storming of the Bastille, July 14, 1789, an iconic event of the French Revolution Development of the Watt steam engine in the late 18th century was an important element in the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain. The American Revolutionary War took place in the late 18th century. John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough New Amsterdam [videos] New Amsterdam was a 17th-century Dutch settlement established at the southern tip of Manhattan Island that served as the seat of the colonial government in New Netherland. The factorij became a settlement outside Fort Amsterdam … The Rigging House at 120 William Street, the last remaining Dutch building of New Amsterdam. Built in the 17th century, it became a Methodist church in the 1760s and became a secular building again before its destruction in the mid-19th century. 1882 depiction of the ship Mayflower sailing from England to America in 1620, in Plymouth Harbor The First Slave Auction at New Amsterdam in 1655, by Howard Pyle Egg Harbor Township, New Jersey [videos] Egg Harbor Township is a township in Atlantic County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 43,323, reflecting an increase of 12,597 from the 30,726 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 6,182 from the … Sign for the Malibu Beach Wildlife Management Area Atlantic City Air National Guard Base The northbound Garden State Parkway at the interchange with the Atlantic City Expressway in Egg Harbor Township Burlington County, New Jersey [videos] Burlington County is a county located in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The county is the second largest in New Jersey by total area behind Ocean County which has a total area of 915.40 sq mi and its county seat is Mount Holly. As of the 2017 Census Bureau estimate, the county's population was … Arney's Mount as seen from Saylors Pond Road (CR 670) View from the roadway of the Tacony-Palmyra Bridge, across the upper Delaware River from Palmyra, New Jersey to Tacony section of Philadelphia with drawbridge signs Image: Breidenhart (5) Cape May County, New Jersey [videos] Cape May County is the southernmost county in the U.S. state of New Jersey. Much of the county is located on the Cape May Peninsula, bounded by the Delaware Bay to the west, and the Atlantic Ocean to the south and east. Adjacent to the Atlantic coastline are five barrier islands that have been … Piping plovers in Cape May View from Corson's Inlet State Park, created to preserve one of the last undeveloped areas of land along the Jersey Shore. Image: Cape may Somers Point, New Jersey [videos] Somers Point is the oldest settlement in Atlantic County, New Jersey, United States. It was first settled in 1693, and was incorporated as a borough in 1886. Somers Point was incorporated as a city in 1902. At the 2010 United States Census, the city's population was 10,795, reflecting a decline of … Somers Mansion Panoramic map of "Somers-Point" with list of landmarks ans images of several inset (1925) The northbound Garden State Parkway in Somers Point Absecon, New Jersey [videos] Absecon is a city in Atlantic County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city's population was 8,411, reflecting an increase of 773 from the 7,638 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 340 from the 7,298 … Dr. Jonathan Pitney House U.S. Route 9 northbound in Absecon Absecon station, which is served by NJ Transit's Atlantic City Line Atlantic City International Airport [videos] Atlantic City International Airport is a joint civil-military airport 10 miles northwest of Atlantic City, New Jersey, in Egg Harbor Township, the Pomona section of Galloway Township and in Hamilton Township. The airport is accessible via Exit 9 on the … FAA airport diagram Image: CGAS AC County seat [videos] A county seat is an administrative center, seat of government, or capital city of a county or civil parish. The term is used in Canada, China, Romania, Taiwan and the United States. County towns have a similar function in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland, and historically in Jamaica … Miaoli City, the county seat of Miaoli County. Many county seats in the United States feature a historic courthouse, such as this one in Renville County, Minnesota, pictured in May 2015. Mays Landing, New Jersey [videos] Mays Landing is an unincorporated community and census-designated place located within Hamilton Township, Atlantic County, New Jersey, United States. At the 2010 United States Census, the CDP's population was 2,135. It is the county seat of Atlantic County. The community was named for Captain … Main Street in Mays Landing in 2006 The Old Atlantic County Courthouse Galloway Township, New Jersey [videos] Galloway Township is a township in Atlantic County, New Jersey, United States. At 115.2 square miles of total area, Galloway Township is the largest municipality in the State of New Jersey. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 37,349, reflecting an increase … Oliphant Grist Mill The southbound Garden State Parkway in Galloway Township Hamilton Township, Atlantic County, New Jersey [videos] Hamilton Township is a township in Atlantic County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 26,503, reflecting an increase of 6,004 from the 20,499 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 4,487 from the … Weymouth Road Bridge The westbound Atlantic City Expressway in Hamilton Township 6th millennium BC [videos] The 6th millennium BC spanned the years 6000 through 5001 BC. — It falls into the Holocene climatic optimum, with rising sea levels. — Culturally, Mesopotamia is in the Pottery Neolithic, and agriculture spreads to Europe and to Egypt. — World population grows dramatically as a result … Yangshao culture Byzantine Calendar illustrating 1 September 5509 BC (the calendar is from the 12th century). New Sweden [videos] New Sweden was a Swedish colony, along the lower reaches of the Delaware River, in North America, from 1638 to 1655, established during the Thirty Years' War, when Sweden was a military great power. New Sweden was part of Swedish … The C. A. Nothnagle Log House in Gibbstown, New Jersey. Built in 1638, it is the oldest surviving house in what is today New Jersey. US Postage stamp commemorating the founding of Wilmington, Delaware (1938) Gloucester County, New Jersey [videos] Gloucester County is a county located in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2017 Census estimate, the county's population was 292,206, making it the state's 14th-most populous county, an increase of 1.4% from the 2010 United States Census, when its population was enumerated at 288,288, in turn … The old Gloucester County Courthouse in Woodbury Image: GCC AT Dusk 5 Mullica River [videos] The Mullica River is a 50.6-mile-long river in southern New Jersey in the United States. The Mullica was once known as the Little Egg Harbor River. — The river provides one of the principal drainages into the Atlantic Ocean of the extensive Pinelands. Its estuary on Great Bay is considered … Mullica River northwest of Lake Atsion Mullica River Great Egg Harbor River [videos] The Great Egg Harbor River is a 55.0-mile-long river in southern New Jersey in the United States. It is one of the major rivers that traverse the largely pristine Pinelands, draining 308 square miles of wetlands into the Atlantic Ocean at Great Egg Harbor, from which it takes … "Shore" of the Great Egg Harbor River between Penny Pot and Weymouth Furnace The Great Egg Harbor River in Mays Landing Gloucester City, New Jersey [videos] Gloucester City is a city in Camden County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city's population was 11,456, reflecting a decline of 28 from the 11,484 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn declined by 1,165 from the 12,649 counted in the … Walt Whitman Bridge Westbound I-76 at Exit 2 (I-676) in Gloucester City Weymouth Township, New Jersey [videos] Weymouth Township is a township in Atlantic County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 2,715, reflecting an increase of 458 from the 2,257 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 300 from the 1,957 … Belcoville Post Office Route 50 southbound in Weymouth Township Mullica Township, New Jersey [videos] Mullica Township is a township in Atlantic County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 6,147 reflecting an increase of 235 from the 5,912 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 16 from the 5,896 counted in … Pleasant Mills U.S. Route 30 westbound in Mullica Township United States Census Bureau [videos] The United States Census Bureau is a principal agency of the U.S. Federal Statistical System, responsible for producing data about the American people and economy. The Census Bureau is part of the U.S. Department of … Census headquarters in Suitland, Maryland 2010 United States Census [videos] The 2010 United States Census is the twenty-third and most recent United States national census. National Census Day, the reference day used for the census, was April 1, 2010. The census was taken via mail-in citizen self-reporting, with enumerators serving … U.S. President Barack Obama completing his census form in the Oval Office on March 29, 2010. Tuckahoe River (New Jersey) [videos] The Tuckahoe River is a 27.6-mile-long blackwater river in southern New Jersey in the United States. — One of the few blackwater rivers in the northeastern United States, the river drains an area of the southern Pinelands and empties into the Atlantic Ocean. — Course — The Tuckahoe River … The Tuckahoe River in Belleplain State Forest in 2006 Great Egg Harbor Bay [videos] Great Egg Harbor Bay is a bay between Atlantic and Cape May counties along the southern New Jersey coast. The name derives from Dutch explorer Cornelius Jacobsen May's description of the plentiful birds laying eggs, naming the waters Eyren Haven, which translates to Egg Harbor … Great Egg Harbor Bay facing west, with the Great Egg Harbor Bridge, Beesley's Point Generating Station, New Jersey Route 52, and the Rainbow Islands in background Jersey Devil [videos] In New Jersey and Philadelphia folklore, the Jersey Devil is a legendary creature said to inhabit the Pine Barrens of Southern New Jersey. The creature is often described as a flying biped with hooves, but there are many variations. The common description is that of a … The Jersey Devil, Philadelphia Bulletin, January 1909	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6596
__label__wiki	0.819343	0.819343	Pacific Division Meeting Focuses on Local Impacts of Climate Change by: Becky Ham Vineyards in Oregon's Rogue Valley are exposed to diverse effects from climate change, including rising growing season temperatures and wildfire smoke. \| Sean Bagshaw Global climate change had a very local, if bitter, flavor for Oregon residents last year. It was the taste of wineries rejecting tons of grapes tainted by wildfire smoke and residents watching millions of dollars lost when smoke forced summer tourists inside. And it was the grit in the mouth of an Oregon State University Ph.D. student resigned to wearing a mask in his laboratory to keep from inhaling smoke- and particle-clogged air from the fires. At the 100th meeting of the Pacific Division of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, held in Ashland, Oregon June 18-21, community members and researchers discussed such specific and urgent impacts of climate change — and many others — on the regional economy and culture of the western United States. Just as at other scientific conferences, the numbers on rising greenhouse gas emission levels and average global temperatures were part of the conversation. The AAAS meeting moved beyond that broad overview, however, to examine what keynote speaker and climate researcher Philip Mote called the "texture" of climate change at the local level. Mote, vice provost and dean of the Graduate School at Oregon State University, and his colleagues have been looking at what different levels of future emissions will mean for the Pacific Northwest. Their work confirms that climate change in the region is "clearly and unequivocally linked to greenhouse gases," he said, before sharing a startling mix of impacts that the scientists have uncovered. For instance, "when we looked at the coldest night per year [in the Pacific Northwest], we saw some really large increases," Mote said. "There is roughly 8 degrees Celsius [14.4 degrees Fahrenheit] of warming in the coldest night of the year in some of these places, especially east of the Cascades." The change could impact everything from crop growth to power use, he noted. About 80% of sites west of the 114th parallel — running roughly east of Boise, Idaho and Spokane, Washington — studied by Mote and colleagues had record low April snowpack in 2015. If these changes persist over the next fifty years, the streamflow of the Columbia River could continue its shift toward peak flow in the late winter rather than the summer months, when water is crucial to river basin farmers. Provisions of the Columbia River Treaty signed by Canada and the U.S., which govern flood control and hydroelectric power generation, are being renegotiated by the two countries, said Mote, "and one of the factors they are considering now is climate change." Fire and Wine One of the main goals of this year's Pacific Division meeting was to bring scientists to talk with people in southern Oregon who have been working on restoring pollinator habitat, coping with the effects of wildfires and growing everything from pears to pinot noir grapes, said James Bower, a neuroscientist at Southern Oregon University and the division's executive director. "We want to provide a service to them, by providing scientists to engage with them, which they are thrilled about," he said. Bower and his colleagues organized the meeting to provide opportunities for interaction and discussion between researchers and the public, including several town halls, a pub crawl in downtown Ashland and local field trips that delved deeper into the topics discussed at the conference. The impact of wildfires was a pressing topic at the meeting, with a town hall on the issue attended by a diverse group of Oregon and Washington State residents, forest managers and city employees. During the freewheeling discussion, participants covered a white board with ideas about how citizens can band together to recover, prevent and adapt to wildfires. Several Ashland residents shared stories about how smoke pollution from multiple fires led the city to cancel or move more than 20 performances during its popular Oregon Shakespeare Festival in the summer of 2018, resulting in a loss of $2 million for the festival. Wildfire smoke obscures the hills surrounding Ashland, Oregon in 2018 at the site of the Oregon Shakespeare Festival. \| Kim Budd Wildfires like these are "a clear signal, a response to the warming climate," said Mote. He noted a 2016 study that examined the area burned by fires in the western U.S. which subtracted the impacts of climate warming since 1985. "They found that the area burned in that fictional, no-warming world was about half what it was in the actual world," he said. At a town hall that brought together local winemakers and scientists, Alan Journet, a researcher and co-facilitator at Southern Oregon Climate Action Now, presented data showing that the next 50 years will bring a shift in the average growing season temperatures in southern Oregon's Rogue Valley, affecting the range in the ability to ripen certain grape varietals. If greenhouse gas emissions are not curbed by 2085, said Journet, "it's possible that Jackson County, the Rogue Valley, will be good only for table grapes and raisins, which is not too good for the wine business." Michael Moore of Quail Run Vineyards said the region is now in a "sweet spot" that allows growers to cultivate a wide range of wine grapes. But looking at the trajectory of future temperatures, he said, "it's very alarming, and we've seen other wine regions that are taking this much more seriously, particularly in Europe." Many of the winemakers at the town hall asked how extreme events such as hailstorms and heat waves might increase as a result of climate change, since those events can wipe out entire harvests. They also questioned scientists about how rising temperatures might affect the local mix of microorganisms in the soil and wild yeast, which lend essential character to their wines, and urged researchers to develop better tests for wildfire smoke taint in grapes while they are still on the vine. Think Local, Act Local As climate change impacts are felt locally, city and state governing bodies and activist groups have stepped in to address the issue. Speakers throughout the Ashland meeting discussed how they felt compelled to act as national efforts to address the challenge have faltered. In a symposium on regional climate change policy, Journet spoke about a decade-long effort to pass a climate bill in the Oregon legislature. "It would put Oregon on a real steep trajectory of greenhouse gas emissions reduction and it includes this investment component, which requires that funds raised from the auction of pollution allowances should be invested" in renewable energy development and tribal communities, among other areas, he said. On June 17, the Oregon House voted to pass the bill, HB 2020, which targets at least an 80% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from their levels in 1990 by 2050. Republicans in the Oregon Senate walked out on a floor session June 20, leaving the Senate without a quorum to call for a vote on the bill. On that same day, Governor Kate Brown authorized the Oregon State Police to bring the missing senators back to the capital for the session. A week later, the vote remains uncertain. In Ashland itself, high school students worked with a community action group called Rogue Climate to pass a city ordinance containing emission and fossil fuel reduction goals as part of a larger climate plan for the city. Symposium speaker Allie Rosenbluth, campaign director at Rogue Climate, said the students did everything from joining the ad hoc committee developing the plan to testifying at city council meetings and soliciting support for the plan from local businesses. The ordinance passed in 2017. "They were really able to change the conversation," said Rosenbluth, "because they were able to attach these climate milestones to their own lives. They weren't just saying, 'oh, in 2050, this is the fate of the world we're going to have, but 'oh, in 2050, Claire is going to be 40 years old.'" Local efforts like the Ashland ordinance are becoming more common, said Dan Barry, AAAS's local and state advocacy director. For instance, the United States' withdrawal from the international Paris Agreement on climate change in 2017 has pushed the membership of the bipartisan Climate Mayors coalition from 180 to 450 cities. At the start of the AAAS meeting, Barry participated in discussions with Southern Oregon community leaders, winemakers, farmers and scientists about how AAAS can help them with local science-based advocacy and engagement programs, and to discover how science can benefit the work being done by these local decisionmakers. AAAS is experiencing "a generational shift among our members who expect the organization to provide them with guidelines and pathways for doing civic engagement" around issues like climate change, Barry said in a National Public Radio interview about the Pacific Division. Local engagement by scientists is key when it comes to adapting to climate change, agreed Journet. "We say to them, come out of the lab and help our community solve these problems." Office of Public Programs Becky Ham Environmental sciences/Climatology/Climate change/Anthropogenic climate change	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6598
__label__wiki	0.588344	0.588344	James Parkinson (1755–1824) is considered the father of modern paleontology and a pioneer in geology, pediatrics, child welfare, and physical chemistry. He has discovered the Parkinson’s disease in 1817. He has described about this disease as ‘Shaking Palsy’. 11th April is the date of birth of James Parkinson’s and that’s why it is considered as the ‘World Parkinson’s Day’. James Parkinson was a general practitioner in London and during his medical work he saw six patients with a new disease. He described this condition as the “Shaking Palsy” and also proposed a Latin synonym “Paralysis Agitans”. His description of the shaking palsy was accurate and captured the essence of the disease. Therefore, the famous French neurologist Charcot proposed that the shaking palsy be called Parkinson’s disease after him. Among the common neurological diseases known to science, Parkinson’s disease is one of the most common conditions. Parkinson’s disease happens when there is a problem with certain nerve cells in the brain. Normally, these nerve cells make an important chemical called dopamine. Dopamine sends signals to the part of your brain that controls movement. In Parkinson’s patients, 80 percent or more of these dopamine-producing cells are damaged, dead, or otherwise degenerated. Mostly patients suffering from Parkinson’s are unable to control their movements. Following Symptoms are normally observed in Parkinson’s patients Tremor or trembling in hands, arms, legs, jaw, and face Stiffness of Muscles Slowness of movement Postural instability Parkinson’s can be crippling or disabling, experts say early symptoms of the disease may be so subtle and gradual that patients sometimes ignore them or attribute them to the effects of aging. At first, patients may feel overly tired or a little shaky. Their speech may become soft and they may become irritable for no reason. Movements may be stiff, unsteady, or unusually slow. There is no particular test that can be done to diagnose Parkinson’s disease. Parkinson’s disease is even more difficult to diagnose in the early stages, when there are less symptoms. It includes symptoms like trembling, trouble with writing, and changes in gait. Younger people may also not be diagnosed until a later stage as the disease mainly affects older people. Annasaheb Behere Old Age Home Post-Retirement Blues Cardiovascular Disease in the Elderly Sleeping Disorders in Seniors Nutrition for Elderly FAQs on Senior Health Tips for Anti-Ageing Coping with Loneliness Parkinson's Videos My Tryst with Parkinson's Disease (W.L. Hangshing) World Parkinson's Day Homes for Aged in Other States Homes for Aged Alzheimer's Disease in Elderly Vision Problems in Elderly Loss of Hearing Common Problems in Seniors	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6599
__label__cc	0.651984	0.348016	Sammy Hagar (album) Hagar (name) Hagar (company) Samuel Roy "Sammy" Hagar (born October 13, 1947), also known as The Red Rocker, is an American rock vocalist, guitarist, songwriter and musician. Hagar came to prominence in the 1970s with the hard rock band Montrose. He afterwards launched a successful solo career, scoring an enduring hit in 1984 with "I Can't Drive 55". He enjoyed huge commercial success when he replaced David Lee Roth as the lead singer of Van Halen in 1985, but left the band in 1996. He returned to the band for a 2-year reunion from 2003 to 2005. On March 12, 2007, Hagar was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Van Halen. His musical style primarily consists of hard rock and heavy metal. Outside of music, he founded the Cabo Wabo Tequila brand and restaurant chain, as well as Sammy's Beach Bar Rum. His present musical project is lead singer of Chickenfoot. Sammy Hagar was named after his maternal grandfather, Sam Roy. Hagar was born in Salinas, California. He is of Lebanese descent. His family soon moved to Fontana, where his father worked at the Kaiser Steel Mill. Sammy Hagar graduated from Fontana High School. This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Sammy_Hagar Sammy Hagar is Sammy Hagar's second solo album, released in 1977. It is also often referred to as The Red Album, as it includes Hagar's first anthem, "Red", which is also the basis for his nickname "The Red Rocker". Future multi-platinum selling producer Scott Mathews was talked into playing a drum solo on "Red" after being told Ringo Starr had played his only drum solo in the very same room on The Beatles' last album, named after the EMI Studios this album was recorded in, Abbey Road. The distinctive cover image was shot in Stockwell Road, London, SW9 in the midst of the rows of red Pride & Clark auto shops. These red-painted buildings are also seen in the 1966 film Blowup. Sammy Hagar's 1987 solo album, I Never Said Goodbye, is also sometimes known as Sammy Hagar since early pressings were untitled, pending the results of a contest. Nevertheless, the albums are completely distinct. "Red" was the first cover that Bette Midler made of a Hagar song, the second being "Keep On Rockin'" from the soundtrack of the 1979 film The Rose. Midler released "Red" on her 1977 album Broken Blossom. This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Sammy_Hagar_(album) Hagar (/heɪˈɡɑːr/ hay-GAR; Hebrew: הָגָר, Modern Hagar, Tiberian Hāgār, of uncertain originArabic: هاجر‎ Hājar; Latin: Agar) is a biblical person in the Book of Genesis Chapter 16. She was an Egyptian handmaid of Sarai (Sarah), who gave her to Abraham "to wife" to bear a child. (The prefix "to", as in "took to wife", may indicate that the wife is a concubine or inferior wife.) The product of the union was Abraham's firstborn, Ishmael, the progenitor of the Ishmaelites. The name Hagar originates from the Book of Genesis, and is only alluded to in the Qur'an. She is considered Abraham's second wife in the Islamic faith and acknowledged in all Abrahamic faiths. In mainstream Christianity, she is considered a concubine to Abraham. Hagar in Genesis This is a summary of the account of Hagar from Genesis 16,21 Hagar and Abraham Hagar was the Egyptian handmaiden of Sarai, Abraham's wife. Sarai had been barren for a long time and sought a way to fulfill the LORD's promise, especially since they were getting older, so she offered Hagar to Abraham "to wife" (ie., as a concubine). (Genesis 16:1-3) This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Hagar Hagar is both a surname and a feminine given name. Notable people with the name include: Albert Hagar, Canadian politician Mandy Hagar, New Zealand children's author Regan Hagar, drummer with Malfunkshun Sammy Hagar, rock musician Hagar Badran (born 1989), Egyptian synchronized swimmer Hagar Finer, Israeli WIBF bantamweight champion Hagar Olsson (1893–1978), Finnish writer, literary critic, playwright and translator Hagar Wilde (1905–1971), American writer and screenwriter Hagar Yanai (born 1972), Israeli writer This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Hagar_(name) Hagar hf is an Icelandic holding company based in Kopavogur that owns a number of retail and wholesale companies in Iceland, Sweden and Denmark. Each of Hagar's companies are run individually. As of 2014, Hagar's subsidiaries had an combined 48% market share in the Icelandic food retail market. As of December 2015, the company operated 55 stores, including the Hagkaup and Bónus chains, and had approximately 2200 employees. Hagar hf is listed on the Iceland Stock Exchange as HAGA. Aðföng Útilíf Hýsing Ferskar kjötvörur Hagar also operates stores in Iceland under franchise agreements for Debenhams, Topshop, Zara, Warehouse, Evans, Dorothy Perkins and Karen Millen. Official website (Icelandic) Official website (English) This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Hagar_(company) Sammy Hagar & Friends released: 2013 Cosmic Universal Fashion released: 2008 Loud and Clear released: 2001 Ten 13 released: 2000 Marching to Mars released: 1997 Nine on a Ten Scale released: 1996 Danger Zone released: 1995 The Anthology released: 1994 Unboxed released: 1994 Street Machine released: 1992 Rematch and More released: 1987 VOA released: 1984 Three Lock Box released: 1982 Standing Hampton released: 1981 Sammy Hagar released: 1977 Classic Masters released: Musical Chairs released: All Night Long released: Red Hot released: The Essential Red Collection released: The Best of Sammy Hagar released: I Never Said Goodbye released: 36 All-time Greatest Hits released: Sammy Hagar & Friends Not Going Down Father Sun Knockdown Dragout Ramblin' Gamblin' Man Bad on Fords and Chevrolets All We Need Is an Island Going Down (live in studio, take 1) Space Station #5 (live) Cosmic Universal Fashion Psycho Vertigo Fight for Your Right to Party Switch on the Light When the Sun Don't Shine I'm on a Roll Dreams / Cabo (live) Rock 'n' Roll Weekend Make It Last / Reckless Young Girl Blues Bad Motor Scooter Space Station No. 5 Ten 13 Shaka Doobie (The Limit) Let Sally Drive Serious Juju Deeper Kinda Love 3 in the Middle Tropic of Capricorn Marching to Mars Salvation on Sand Hill Who Has the Right? Would You Do It for Free? Leaving the Warmth of the Womb On the Other Hand The Yogi's So High (I'm Stoned) Amnesty Is Granted Nine on a Ten Scale Keep on Rockin' Urban Guerilla Flamingos Fly Silver Lights Confession (Please Come Back) Rock 'n' Roll Romeo 20th Century Man Miles From Boredom Mommy Says, Daddy Says In the Night (Entering the Danger Zone) The Iceman The Anthology Bad Motor Scooter (Montrose) Rock the Nation (Montrose) Connection (Montrose) Paper Money (Montrose) Cruisin' & Boozin' Filmore Shuffle You Make Me Crazy This Planet's on Fire (Burn in Hell) Your Love Is Driving Me Crazy Two Sides of Love I Can't Drive 55 Buying My Way Into Heaven I'll Fall in Love Again There's Only One Way to Rock Eagles Fly Three Lock Box Give to Live I Don't Need Love Child to Man Trans Am (Highway Wonderland) Feels Like Love Plain Jane Wounded in Love Rematch and More Cruisin' and Boozin' Fillmore Shuffle Lover Or Money Rock Is in My Blood Dick in the Dirt Don't Make Me Wait Burnin' Down the City Remote Love Remember the Heroes Rise of the Animal I Wouldn't Change a Thing Standing Hampton Can't Get Loose Baby, It's You Inside Lookin' In Sweet Hitchhiker Love Has Found Me Little Star / Eclipse Classic Masters Crusin' & Boozin' Bad Motor Scooter (Live) It's Gonna Be Alright Try (Try To Fall In Love) Straight From The Hip Kid Hey Boys Someone Out There Crack In The World Rock and Roll Weekend The Danger Zone Space Station #5 The Essential Red Collection The Girl Gets Around Winner Takes It All Mas Tequila The Best of Sammy Hagar Rock 'n Roll Weekend This Planet's on Fire I Never Said Goodbye When the Hammer Falls Hands and Knees Boys' Night Out Standin' at the Same Old Crossroads Back Into You What They Gonna Say Now Standin' at the Same Old Crossroads (extended version) 36 All-time Greatest Hits Red (live) In the Night (Entering the Danger Zone) (live) The Danger Zone (live) livelearnto.com helpotherstostarttheirlives.org tunisielive.com livetogoscholarship.com helpotherstostarttheirlives.net helpotherstostarttheirlives.com luzonliving.com justlivetv.net gtvlive.org giveloanstosmallbusiness.net livetv5.com usalivetvchannels.com giveloanstosmallbusiness.org giveloanstosmallbusiness.com givedreamslive.com liveondollaraday.com saintlucialive.com iwanttogiveyousomelove.com queenlive.net myjamlive.com Lite Roast, Sammy Hagar Sammy Hagar, Sammy Hagar Valley Of The Kings, Sammy Hagar Rematch and More, Sammy Hagar Red Hot, Sammy Hagar I Never Said Goodbye, Sammy Hagar The Essential Red Collection, Sammy Hagar The Way We Live, Sammy Hagar Top Of The Rock, Sammy Hagar Musical Chairs, Sammy Hagar Baby's On Fire, Sammy Hagar Baby Its You, Sammy Hagar BOYS NIGHT OUT, Sammy Hagar Burnin' Down The City, Sammy Hagar Buying My Way Into Heaven, Sammy Hagar Call My Name, Sammy Hagar Back Into You, Sammy Hagar Bad Motor Scooter, Sammy Hagar Bad Reputation, Sammy Hagar Both Sides Now, Sammy Hagar Missing You, Sammy Hagar Straight From The Hip Kid, Sammy Hagar China, Sammy Hagar Stand Up, Sammy Hagar Dick In The Dirt, Sammy Hagar Deeper Kind Of Love, Sammy Hagar Crack In The World, Sammy Hagar Confession (Please Come Back), Sammy Hagar Space Station Number 5, Sammy Hagar Child To Man, Sammy Hagar Silver Lights, Sammy Hagar Someone Out There, Sammy Hagar Shag, Sammy Hagar Shaka Doobie (The Limit), Sammy Hagar Let Me Take You There, Sammy Hagar Hot And Dirty, Sammy Hagar Standing Hampton, Sammy Hagar I Love This Bar, Sammy Hagar Catch The Wind, Sammy Hagar Can't Get Loose, Sammy Hagar All Night Long, Sammy Hagar Rock & Roll Weekend, Sammy Hagar Salvation On Sand Hill, Sammy Hagar Serious JuJu, Sammy Hagar A Little Bit More, Sammy Hagar 3 In The Middle, Sammy Hagar Amnesty Is Granted, Sammy Hagar All American, Sammy Hagar 20th Century Man, Sammy Hagar Unboxed, Sammy Hagar Never Say Die, Sammy Hagar Rock And Roll Weekend, Sammy Hagar Run For Your Life, Sammy Hagar Rock Is In My Blood, Sammy Hagar Mas Tequila, Sammy Hagar Right Now, Sammy Hagar Rock And Roll Romeo, Sammy Hagar Rock 'N' Roll Weekend, Sammy Hagar Love Has Found Me, Sammy Hagar Love Or Money, Sammy Hagar Returning Of the Wish, Sammy Hagar Returning Home, Sammy Hagar Swept Away, Sammy Hagar Street Machine, Sammy Hagar Mommy Says, Sammy Hagar The Big Nail, Sammy Hagar Red Voodoo, Sammy Hagar Red, Sammy Hagar Remote Love, Sammy Hagar Remember The Heroes, Sammy Hagar Privacy, Sammy Hagar Plain Jane, Sammy Hagar Reckless, Sammy Hagar Protection, Sammy Hagar Piece of my Heart, Sammy Hagar On The Other Hand, Sammy Hagar Standin' At The Same Old Crossroads, Sammy Hagar Who Has The Right?, Sammy Hagar Why Cant This Be Love, Sammy Hagar When Its Love, Sammy Hagar When The Hammer Falls, Sammy Hagar Wounded In Love, Sammy Hagar You Make Me Crazy, Sammy Hagar Winner Takes It All, Sammy Hagar Would You Do It For Free?, Sammy Hagar VOA, Sammy Hagar What They Gonna Say Now, Sammy Hagar High And Dry Again, Sammy Hagar High Hopes, Sammy Hagar Hungry, Sammy Hagar I Cant Drive 55, Sammy Hagar I Don't Need Love, Sammy Hagar I Wouldn't Change A Thing, Sammy Hagar I'll Fall In Love Again, Sammy Hagar I've Done Everything For You, Sammy Hagar In The Night, Sammy Hagar In The Room, Sammy Hagar Your Love Is Driving Me Crazy, Sammy Hagar Young Girl Blues, Sammy Hagar Top Of The World, Sammy Hagar Three Lock Box, Sammy Hagar Tropic Of Capricorn, Sammy Hagar Trans Am (Highway Wonderland), Sammy Hagar Turn Up The Music, Sammy Hagar Try (Try To Fall In Love), Sammy Hagar Urban Guerilla, Sammy Hagar Two Sides Of Love, Sammy Hagar This Planet's On Fire (Burn In Hell), Sammy Hagar Thinking Of You, Sammy Hagar Someday, Sammy Hagar It's Gonna Be All Right, Sammy Hagar Inside Lookin' In, Sammy Hagar Little White Lie, Sammy Hagar Little Star / Eclipse, Sammy Hagar Let Sally Drive, Sammy Hagar Leaving The Warmth Of The Womb, Sammy Hagar Lay Your Hand On Me, Sammy Hagar Keep On Rockin', Sammy Hagar Karma Wheel, Sammy Hagar Kama, Sammy Hagar The Rise Of The Animal, Sammy Hagar The Yogi's So High (I'm Stoned), Sammy Hagar There's Only One Way To Rock, Sammy Hagar Things've Changed, Sammy Hagar The Message, Sammy Hagar The Pits, Sammy Hagar The Real Deal, Sammy Hagar The Revival, Sammy Hagar The Iceman, Sammy Hagar The Love, Sammy Hagar 24365, Sammy Hagar Bad Motor Scooter (live), Sammy Hagar Cosmic Universal Fashion, Sammy Hagar Mexico, Sammy Hagar Peephole, Sammy Hagar Sittin' On The Dock Of The Bay, Sammy Hagar Livin' On A Coastline, Sammy Hagar Don't Fight It (Feel It), Sammy Hagar Don't Make Me Wait, Sammy Hagar Rock Candy, Sammy Hagar Eagles Fly, Sammy Hagar FALLING IN LOVE, Sammy Hagar Don't Stop Me Now, Sammy Hagar Dreams, Sammy Hagar Fillmore Shuffle, Sammy Hagar Danger Zone, Sammy Hagar Fast Times At Ridgemont High, Sammy Hagar Feels Like Love, Sammy Hagar He Will Understand, Sammy Hagar Surrender, Sammy Hagar Straight To The Top, Sammy Hagar Not 4 Sale, Sammy Hagar Ten 13, Sammy Hagar Sympathy For The Human, Sammy Hagar Flamingos Fly, Sammy Hagar Sweet Hitchhiker, Sammy Hagar The Girl Gets Around, Sammy Hagar The Danger Zone, Sammy Hagar The Big Square Inch, Sammy Hagar Best of Sammy Hagar, Sammy Hagar Never Give Up, Sammy Hagar Right On Right, Sammy Hagar Crusin' And Boozin', Sammy Hagar Miles From Boredom, Sammy Hagar Make It Alright, Sammy Hagar Marching To Mars, Sammy Hagar Give To Live, Sammy Hagar Free Money, Sammy Hagar Growing Up, Sammy Hagar Growing Pains, Sammy Hagar Hallelujah, Sammy Hagar Halfway To Memphis, Sammy Hagar Heartbeat, Sammy Hagar Hands And Knees, Sammy Hagar Hey Boys, Sammy Hagar HEAVY METAL, Sammy Hagar Lite Roast {One, two, one, two, three, four} Every face I see reminds me of you Nothing I can touch feels the way you do Knowing you are mine is the best thing in my life Baby, I'm alive completely This is the love, this is the love This is the love, the love you've always dreamed of This is the love, the hand that fills your cup The wings that lift you up, so high, so close Two can be as one, this is the love This is the love Ohh, everyone has somethin' no one else can see Every breath, every touch, every heartbeat's givin' me The feelin' that I've known you in another place in time A transcendental doorway opens up and hand in hand we shine And if I'm down, she will stand there tall, hold on, hold on And if you're down, I will build a wall around you to hold you I'm so glad I found you The love, this is the love Every heartbeat, every shadow, every mountain in the morning You can touch me while I'm dreaming, this is the love Every evening in my bedroom, every ocean past the moon And every sunset rise above [Incomprehensible] You can touch me while I'm dreamin', this is the love Every evening in my bedroom	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6606
__label__wiki	0.925363	0.925363	Royal Academy (disambiguation) James Ashton (artist) Banks (singer) Dickens' London The Royal Academy of Arts (RA) is an art institution based in Burlington House on Piccadilly in London. It has a unique position as an independent, privately funded institution led by eminent artists and architects; its purpose is to promote the creation, enjoyment and appreciation of the visual arts through exhibitions, education and debate. The Royal Academy of Arts was founded through a personal act of King George III on 10 December 1768 with a mission to promote the arts of design in Britain through education and exhibition. The motive in founding the Academy was twofold: to raise the professional status of the artist by establishing a sound system of training and expert judgement in the arts, and to arrange the exhibition of contemporary works of art attaining an appropriate standard of excellence. Supporters wanted to foster a national school of art and to encourage appreciation and interest in the public based on recognised canons of good taste. Fashionable taste in 18th-century Britain was based on continental and traditional art forms, providing contemporary British artists little opportunity to sell their works. From 1746 the Foundling Hospital, through the efforts of William Hogarth, provided an early venue for contemporary artists in Britain. The success of this venture led to the formation of the Society of Artists of Great Britain and the Free Society of Artists. Both these groups were primarily exhibiting societies; their initial success was marred by internal factions among the artists. The combined vision of education and exhibition to establish a national school of art set the Royal Academy apart from the other exhibiting societies. It provided the foundation upon which the Royal Academy came to dominate the art scene of the 18th and 19th centuries, supplanting the earlier art societies. This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Royal_Academy_of_Arts Royal Academy may refer to: Real Academia Española ("Royal Spanish Academy" or "RAE"), the institution responsible for regulating the Spanish language Royal Academy of Dramatic Art, a British drama school Civilian education Royal Academy of Turku, founded 1640, now the University of Helsinki Royal Irish Academy, one of Ireland's premier learned societies and cultural institutions Royal West of England Academy or RWA, an institution (founded 1844) based in Bristol, England, UK Mount Royal Academy (New Hampshire), a Roman Catholic high school Royal Academy of Cambodia, a Cambodian educational institution Irvine Royal Academy, Scottish educational institution Inverness Royal Academy, a Scottish educational institution Belfast Royal Academy, an educational institution Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts, an art institution and group of art schools in Copenhagen, Denmark Royal Academy of Arts, also simply known as the Royal Academy (RA), an art institution (founded 1768) based in London, England, UK This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Royal_Academy_(disambiguation) James Ashton (4 April 1859 – 2 August 1935) was an artist and arts educator in South Australia. Ashton was born on the Isle of Man, grew up in York and was educated at the Blue Coat School, London. After being apprenticed to a pharmacist, he studied art at the South Kensington School of Art, London and at Paris. He married Mary Elizabeth Rawlings Turnbull on 27 December 1880. Ashton emigrated to Adelaide, arriving 11 January 1884 deciding to become a professional artist. He established the Norwood art school in 1886. He visited England in 1894 and was elected a member of the Royal Society of Arts. Returning to Adelaide in 1895 he founded the Academy of Arts in Victoria Buildings, Victoria Square, and for over 30 years was the best known teacher of painting in South Australia. Among his pupils were Ivor Hele, Hans Heysen, Hayley Lever, Frank White, Arthur Baker-Clack, his son Will Ashton, and others who have since done distinguished work. He was president of the South Australian Society of Arts for four years and a founding member and longtime president of the Adelaide Easel Club. He is represented by three pictures in the Art Gallery of South Australia, of which The Moon Enchanted Sea is the best known. Paintings by him are also in the Broken Hill, Bendigo, and other galleries. He died at Adelaide on 2 August 1935 of intestinal obstruction due to hernia. He was survived by his wife and a son and a daughter. This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/James_Ashton_(artist) Jillian Rose Banks (born June 16, 1988), known simply as Banks (often stylized as BANKS), is an American singer and songwriter from Orange County, California. She releases music under Harvest Records, Good Years Recordings and IAMSOUND Records imprints of the major label Universal Music Group. She has toured internationally with The Weeknd and was also nominated for the Sound of 2014 award by the BBC and an MTV Brand New Nominee in 2014. On May 3, 2014, Banks was dubbed as an "Artist to Watch" by FoxWeekly. Jillian Rose Banks was born in Orange County, California. Banks started writing songs at the age of fifteen. She taught herself piano when she received a keyboard from a friend to help her through her parents' divorce. She says she "felt very alone and helpless. I didn't know how to express what I was feeling or who to talk to." 2013–present: Breakthrough and Goddess Banks used the audio distribution website SoundCloud to put out her music before securing a record deal. Her friend Lily Collins used her contacts to pass along her music to people in the industry; specifically Katy Perry's DJ Yung Skeeter, and she began working with the label Good Years Recordings. Her first official single, called "Before I Ever Met You" was released in February 2013. The song which had been on a private SoundCloud page ended up being played by BBC Radio 1 DJ Zane Lowe. Banks released her first EP Fall Over by IAMSOUND Records and Good Years Recordings.Billboard called her a "magnetic writer with songs to obsess over." Banks released her second EP called London by Harvest Records and Good Years Recordings in 2013 to positive reviews from music critics, receiving a 78 from Metacritic. Her song "Waiting Game" from the EP was featured in the 2013 Victoria's Secret holiday commercial. This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Banks_(singer) London is a Canadian city located in Southwestern Ontario along the Quebec City–Windsor Corridor. The city has a population of 366,151 according to the 2011 Canadian census. London is at the confluence of the non-navigable Thames River, approximately halfway between Toronto, Ontario and Detroit, Michigan. The City of London is a separated municipality, politically separate from Middlesex County, though it remains the county seat. London and the Thames were named in 1793 by Lord Simcoe, who proposed the site for the capital of Upper Canada. The first European settlement was between 1801 and 1804 by Peter Hagerman. The village was founded in 1826 and incorporated in 1855. Since then, London has grown to be the largest Southwestern Ontario municipality and Canada's 11th largest municipality, having annexed many of the smaller communities that surrounded it. London is a regional centre of health care and education, being home to the University of Western Ontario, Fanshawe College, and several hospitals. The city hosts a number of musical and artistic exhibits and festivals, which contribute to its tourism industry, but its economic activity is centred on education, medical research, insurance, and information technology. London's university and hospitals are among its top ten employers. London lies at the junction of Highway 401 and 402, connecting it to Toronto, Windsor, and Sarnia. It also has an international airport, train and bus station. This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/London,_Ontario Charles Dickens' works are especially associated with London which is the setting for many of his novels. These works do not just use London as a backdrop but are about the city and its character. Dickens described London as a Magic lantern, a popular entertainment of the Victorian era, which projected images from slides. Of all Dickens' characters 'none played as important a role in his work as that of London itself', it fired his imagination and made him write. In a letter to John Forster, in 1846, Dickens wrote 'a day in London sets me up and starts me', but outside of the city, 'the toil and labour of writing, day after day, without that magic lantern is IMMENSE!!' However, of the identifiable London locations that Dickens used in his work, scholar Clare Pettitt notes that many no longer exist, and, while 'you can track Dickens' London, and see where things were, but they aren't necessarily still there'. In addition to his later novels and short stories, Dickens' descriptions of London, published in various newspapers in the 1830s, were released as a collected edition Sketches by Boz in 1836. This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Dickens'_London delhischoolofarts.com cityoflondonlife.com softwareschoolofarts.com cityoflondonorganic.com academyofcalifornia.com officeofsecretaryofstate.com cityoflondonorganicgrowers.com cityoflondonschool.com cityoflondonoffice.com cityoflondonlawyer.com losangelesschoolofarts.com chineseacademyofsciences.net cityoflondonlive.com coloradoschoolofarts.com clevelandschoolofarts.com academyofarab.com academyoftransport.com academyofseattle.com cityoflondonculture.com chineseacademyofsciences.org	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6607
__label__wiki	0.625276	0.625276	Jennifer Lopez : Her future husband Alex Rodriguez in cahoots with her ex Marc Anthony Betrothed to Alex Rodriguez since the 9th of last march, Jennifer Lopez is very close to the children of his new darling. She said to the magazine People last December : “I have been very loving with his children and him with mine, and they all immediately agreed.” The former baseball player has on his side confided : “Our children became the best friends in the world and it allows us to keep our feet on the ground and be very satisfied.” But that’s not all ! True to form, J. Lo goes even further. She even managed to create a real friendship between his new sweetheart, A-Rod and her ex-husband Marc Anthony. For evidence, Alex Rodriguez posted a video of the may 30, 2019, where it’s seen sitting between Jennifer Lopez and Marc Anthony. They attended together at the recital of Max Muniz, the son born of the union increased from these last two. Far from being nervous about the ex of his future wife, A-Rod appears to be totally relaxed and even laughing in the face of the songs of his two neighbors. J. Lo and her ex are having fun singing “I will always love you” together. Very modestly and with a touch of humor, Alex Rodriguez comments : “Those who know how to sing sing. Those who do not know how to sing to sit between two people who know how to sing and are silent ! #jenesuispasunchanteur.”	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6609
__label__cc	0.6775	0.3225	Death & Fatal Accident Compensation Claims Experts Death & Fatal Accident victims get maximum compensation Am I Eligible To Claim Compensation For A Death Fatal Accident? Family Member or Spouse The loss of a spouse, partner, member or your family, or another loved one in an unexpected way is always shocking and traumatic to deal with. If their death was due to a fatal accident caused by someone else or can be attributed to being a ‘wrongful death’ the pain and suffering you experience could be all the more difficult to deal with. Whilst compensation for a fatal accident is not designed to ease your grief, it can help to relieve any financial burdens which you may be facing. In our fatal accident claims guide below, we will look at the different people who may be able to bring a compensation claim after someone’s wrongful death or a death in a fatal accident. Read on to find out whether you are eligible to claim compensation after the death of a loved one. When you are ready to make a claim, call our dedicated team on 0800 073 8801. A guide to compensation claims for fatal accidents Fatal accident statistics What is the definition of a fatal accident? The differences between fatal accidents and wrongful death The Fatal Accident Act, 1976 What is the statutory bereavement award? In what circumstances can compensation for a fatal accident be sought? What can you claim compensation for after losing someone in a fatal accident? Compensation claim time-limits Fatal accident compensation claims calculator Why choose Accident Claims UK? No win no fee compensation for a fatal accident There are three different groups of people who can pursue claims for wrongful death or fatal accident compensation claims. These are, the deceased dependents, certain members of the deceased’s family and finally the estate of the deceased. Cases which are pursued by a dependent or other family member of the deceased may be clearer and easier to pursue, whilst claims made by the estate as a legal entity may be more complex. On top of the emotional distress, in cases where the immediate family and/ or dependents of the deceased need to claim compensation for a fatal accident, the potential claimant may already be facing financial hardships and large expenses brought about by the death of their loved one. This can be more pronounced if the deceased was the main income provider for the household. Our aim is to help people in these claims without leaving them out of pocket. As well as compensating people for their loss and trauma, we also take expenses such as funeral costs and other ad-hoc expenses which can arise after a death into account when pursuing a claim. Many of the people we help often begin by asking the question of how much compensation and expenses or costs they could be entitled to claim for. Unfortunately, it is very difficult to estimate this without appraising the circumstances of the death, and estimating it’s impact. Each claim we conduct is unique and both the claimants and circumstances are individual to that claim. Fatal accident statistics for the UK covering the population as a whole, and in all causes are not available. However, agencies such as the Health and Safety Authority and the Royal Society for the Prevention of Accident do record figures for certain types of fatal accident, such as accidents in the workplace. The headline numbers for fatal accidents in the workplace are as follows. In the year 2016/17 137 workers died in fatal accidents in the workplace. Additionally, 92 members of the public died as a result of a fatal accident in a workplace. The most dangerous industries were construction and agriculture and the most common causes of these fatal accidents were people being struck by a moving vehicle or falling from a height. You can see more of the statistics collated by the HSE in the graph below. Overall there has been a consistent downward trend in the number of fatal accidents in the workplace. A fatal accident is one in which a third party caused the death in some way. The main criteria are that the deceased was not at fault. In some cases, the third party will not be fully liable for the accident and resulting death. Examples of this could be accidents in the workplace, deaths caused by a road traffic accident or criminal activities which lead to a person dying. In such cases, you may still be able to claim compensation for death in a car accident or other types of compensation. Wrongful death are deaths which have occured due to a third party acting in a negligent way. They are also defined as accidents in which the deceased was in no way at fault. They are subtly different to fatal accidents. The biggest difference between the two is that in the case of a wrongful death it can clearly be shown who was at fault and thus responsible for the death and why they were so. This is not always the case in deaths through a fatal accident. Clear examples of wrongful deaths could be deaths caused by medical negligence or operating unsafe machinery in the workplace. The 1976 Fatal Accident Act states that the dependents of someone who died in such an accident are eligible to claim compensation for this if it can be shown that the accident was caused by the negligence of a third party. For the purposes of a compensation claim, a dependent is defined as; The dependents spouse, or ex-spouse. Someone who has been cohabiting with the deceased as a spouse for a minimum of two years prior to the fatal accident. Direct descendants such as a biological child or children who have been adopted or those who have become family through marriage or civil partnership. Parents, grandparents, and great-grandparents or those whom the deceased has treated as a parent. Siblings, aunts & uncles, as well as nephews and nieces. As well as the other types of fatal accident compensation that you may be eligible to claim for, you may also qualify to claim the statutory bereavement award. At the time of writing this amount was £12,980. This payment separate from any other accident or bereavement compensation you could be entitled to and is also not part of anything, you can claim for in compensation as a dependent. In successful cases, the fatal accident bereavement award will be paid by the party found to be negligent, even if the claimant has not suffered any loss of benefits or income. This payment can only be claimed by the deceased’s spouse, or the in the event of the death of a child, their parents. There are numerous different circumstances which can lead to some suffering a fatal accident or a wrongful death. We have created a list below of just some of these. Please note that this list is by no means exhaustive, but that these are the most common ways in which they can happen. Circumstances in which you can claim compensation for death in a car accident You can claim for the wrongful death of a loved one who died in motorcycling and bicycling accidents as well as accidents which result in the death of a pedestrian. You can also claim compensation for the death of a driver or passenger in a vehicle, such as claiming compensation for death by careless driving. Fatal accident compensation claims in the workplace As we saw in the graph earlier, accidents involving vehicles are the leading cause of death in the workplace. They may happen to those driving/ operating the vehicle, passengers or people close to the vehicle. The second most common cause were slip, trip, and fall accidents. Other common fatal workplace accidents are deaths caused by faulty machinery, roofing accidents, industrial diseases such as workplace cancers and those contracted by exposure to harmful substances, such as asbestos. Circumstances surrounding medical negligence Deaths due to medical negligence can happen in a wide variety of ways. Some of the most common of these can include surgical errors and the misdiagnosis of a condition (such as cancers), resulting in the application of incorrect treatment. Negligence can also arise in patients who are not being cared for in the correct way or if a mother is not treated correctly during childbirth. Medical negligence resulting in death can also occur in care homes. Accidents in public places Fatal accident claims in public places may include accidents which have happened in an individual shop or shopping centre. Fatal accidents in public places can also include accidents in leisure centres, theme parks, and other recreational areas. They also include accidents taking place in holiday parks and other private leisure or recreational venues, such as a sports stadium. Each accident and death is unique and as such, each claim will be different. The amount of compensation that you could be entitled to will vary depending on the circumstances of the accident your loved one was involved in, as well as other factors such as the effect this has had upon you and other relatives. However, the components which could make up a claim are set as below. Compensation for pain and suffering. This type of compensation may include awards for the loss of amenity of the deceased. This type of compensation could be awarded if they died due to a workplace disease or if they were restricted in what they could do due to medical negligence or another cause. The pain and suffering will be awarded for that experienced by the claimant prior to their death. Financial losses. This is designed to compensate the claimant for any costs they have previously incurred in carrying for the deceased as well as any costs associated with administering their estate and costs involved in dealing with their death. ‘Actual costs’ may include medical expenses and nursing care as well as the cost of medication and adaptations which had to be made to the deceased’s home. This category of expenses may also include funeral expenses. Loss of earnings and benefits. This should compensate for any loss of earnings the deceased experienced as a result of the accident (or illness) whilst alive but not able to continue working. Loss of services. Services is a wide category of compensation. It is there to recognise that whilst the deceased was dying and that now they are dead this will have an impact on the people left behind, such as their family. They may have helped with childcare or other household chores. If the family now has to hire a carer for children or other family members these costs will be taken into account. Loss of dependency. This is similar to the category above but is still different. In many cases, this will be the largest component of a fatal accident claim. It is paid out to the dependents of the deceased, such as providing funds for a spouse, elderly parents, or any children the deceased was responsible for. The death compensation calculation will also account for things such as the loss of their pension (if applicable) and other employment bonuses such as health care benefits enjoyed by the deceased and their dependents as well as company cars and other services. The types of damages listed above are the most common types of compensation claimed for. However, there can be other expenses which are associated with death which people can be entitled to claim for. These could include settlements to help with the long-term effects on those surviving the deceased. This could include the effects of lost inheritance on children as well as the overall loss of parental care for them. Compensation can also take the emotional trauma and suffering that the family of the deceased have already been through as well as what they may go through in the future, and the effect this may have on their life. Whilst there are some specific instances in which this is not the case, such as extra time allowed for children to bring a claim, there is a three year period in which fatal accident claims must be filed. This time-limit begins either from the date of death or from the date on which the deceased’s cause of death was determined to have been caused by the fatal accident or exposure to a hazardous substance. For some, the deceased will have already been in the process of making some form of a compensation claim for the initial injury or illness at the time of their death. If this was the case, the three-year time-limit will restart at this new date. This means that the family or partner of the deceased have a full three-year period in which to make their compensation claim. As the circumstance of each fatal accident claim and the injury or illness which led to it, as well as the effect it has had on those left behind, will be different, it is difficult to estimate how much your compensation claim could be worth without fully assessing your claim. In the fatal accident compensation calculator below we look at common amounts of compensation that you may be able to claim for. Reason for settlement Settlement band Death (baseline) £12,500 - £300,000 Amount of compensation can vary substantially. Death (unconsciousness following a brief period of awareness) £8,000 - £10,650 Death may have been caused by (and deceased may have suffered with prior to death) severe burns and/or damage to the lungs resulting in serious pain. Multiple other factors will affect settlement amount. Death (unconscious death within six weeks) £6,400 Unconscious following the injury. Death will have occurred within six weeks of sustaining the injury. Death (unconscious death within one week) £1,050 - £2,125 Unconscious following the injury. Death will have occurred within one week of the injury/ accident happening. Death (full awareness) £15,950 - £18,100 Again, multiple factors will affect this and the deceased will have experienced pain, suffering and a period of unconsciousness before death. Mental anguish £3,550 Fear of death happening and the imminent expectation of the end of life. Funeral costs £3,000 - £10,000 These are highly variable. In some cases people may be able to claim for more than £10,000 in certain cases. Punitive damages £1,000 - £275,000 Beyond the upper limit, people may be able to claim for higher amounts in complex cases. Pain and suffering £1,000 - £200,000 Maximum level of payout is determined by level of pain and suffering experienced. Loss of benefits £5,000 - £500,000 Settlements are calculated based on actual lost income in benefits. Loss of anticipated earnings £10,000 - £400,000 There is a potential for higher maximum settlements. Loss of care, protection and companionship for family members. £2,000 - £100,000 There is a potential for higher maximum settlements. These figures are provided as a guideline and show how much could be awarded under different circumstances. Fatal accident claims can be very complex, involving some of the most complicated areas of personal injury law. As such it is important to ensure that your claim is conducted by the most qualified solicitors you can find. Accident Claims UK is a specialist legal firm. We are dedicated to helping people successfully pursue a compensation claim in cases such as these. We do so by providing you with the best legal advice available as well as highly qualified solicitors and lawyers who can pursue your claim. We will always act with your best interest in mind and strive to provide you with the clearest and most honest legal advice, taking you through the claims process and ensuring that you fully understand what is happening at each step. We provide all our clients with a dedicated and highly professional service conducted in a sympathetic way. Clients also choose to work with Accident Claims UK as we are committed to getting you the maximum level of compensation for your type of claim. We know the the decision to undertake any type of legal action is never undertake lightly. As such, we always endeavour to make the process of claiming compensation quick and smooth, especially in cases involving fatal accidents and wrongful deaths. Pursuing any form of legal action in the UK, whether it is compensation for a fatal accident or the death of a loved one, can take both time and money. Claims for compensation after a fatal accident and wrongful death can be more complicated than other types of claim and as such, they could leave claimants having to pay large legal bills. For many people, the added expense of legal fees after already losing a loved one can make taking action to get the compensation they could be entitled to an impassable obstacle. In these circumstances, and for other personal injury claims, we offer our clients what is commonly known as a ‘no win, no fee agreement’. The agreement sets out very clearly that if the solicitors we provide do not win you a compensation settlement, you won’t have to pay a penny in fees or charges. If your claim is successful, the agreement will set out the fees due and how these will be paid, meaning you will never be left out of pocket. Under these agreements legal costs are limited, meaning you will always be left with the maximum amount of compensation. At Accident Claims UK our friendly advisers are on hand to take your call 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. We will listen to your individual circumstances, claim or injuries before helping you through the next steps. You can contact our team directly by calling 0800 073 8801. You can also use our online contact form to request a call back from one of our advisors. You can also send the details of your case and claim to office@accidentclaims.co.uk. However you choose to contact our team, we are ready to start your fatal accident claim today. What should you do after a death? From how to register the death to organising a funeral, find out what you should do after someone dies in this guide from the Citizens Advice Bureau. Get help and support after a death of a loved one with Cruse Bereavement Care. NHS guide to coping with Bereavement Learn more about the stages of grief and how to cope with feelings of grief in this guide from the NHS.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6610
__label__wiki	0.736001	0.736001	Home About Our People The Board Sam Parrett OBE FCIPD MSc Sam Parrett OBE FCIPD MSc Sam Parrett OBE FCIPD MSc is the Principal and CEO of London South East Colleges. LSEC was formed following a series of mergers between the former Bromley, Bexley, Greenwich and Orpington Colleges. Through the LSEC Apprenticeship Company the College operates a managing agency which delivers over 1500 apprenticeships. She is also the CEO of Bromley Educational Trust, a multi academy trust which supports a number of schools and academies in south east London, and is building a secondary free school which will open in 2019. Sam started her career in the learning and skills sector 25 years ago as an NVQ Assessor working for a national training provider, progressing to Regional Manager before working for a TEC, the LSC and a RDA and then joining the FE Sector to lead on apprenticeships and business development and progressing through three colleges to be appointed Principal of Bromley College of Further and Higher Education in 2010. Since joining she has led the College through a major strategic development and transformation programme and was awarded an OBE for services to further education in 2016. Sam is a board member of AELP and Faith and Beliefs in FE (FBFE). She is a member of the HEFCE Accountability and Regulation Strategic Advisory Committee and the HEFCE Teaching Excellence & Student Opportunity Strategic Advisory Committee. She is a fellow of the CIPD and a fellow of RSA.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6612
__label__wiki	0.509903	0.509903	Galaxy Clustering Animation: David Kirkby (University of California, Irvine) and the SDSS-III Collaboration (0:36) Vying with the Russians for space supremacy, the U.S. successfully launches Apollo 8. Once in orbit, astronaut William Anders takes one of the most legendary photographs of all time. This Apollo 8 astronaut took the famous "Earthrise" photograph (2:43) On July 16, 1969, Americans filled highways, streets and homes to witness the launch of a rocket from the Kennedy Space Center: the legendary, moon-bound Apollo 11. The moon landing was the television event of the decade. (2:41) Grumman engineer Lynn Radcliffe talks about the sacrifices made by the people who built the world's first moonships. Video: Mike Marcucci The Human Price of Apollo (2:33) The C-5 Galaxy is a true giant among USAF cargo planes—but its development was not without problems. Just four years after it made its debut, a serious design flaw threatened the future of the entire line. The C-5 Galaxy had a catastrophic design flaw (3:30) The Lockheed C-5 Galaxy is primarily a giant cargo aircraft—and to load it, you need a giant opening. The solution: the nose cone of the aircraft, known as the visor, swings up to reveal a massive door. The amazing way cargo is loaded onto a C-5 Galaxy (2:43) The P-38 featured a revolutionary design that enabled it to travel higher and faster than any other American fighter plane during the 1930s. It did this with huge, in-line engines and a super turbo charger. How the P-38 flew faster and higher than its rivals (2:57)	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6616
__label__wiki	0.980056	0.980056	NFL row intensifies as players kneel and raise fists US President Donald Trump accuses players of 'total disrespect' as they continue protest against police brutality. by Patrick Strickland Several San Francisco 49ers players knelt during the performance of the national anthem on Sunday [Eric Risberg/AP Photo] Professional American football players continued their protests against police brutality on Sunday despite ongoing blowback from right-wing US President Donald Trump and other politicians. At least 22 players across the National Football League (NFL) participated in the protests, according to the Associated Press' count. On Monday morning, Trump tweeted his latest in a series of verbal attacks on the protesting athletes, accusing the players of "showing total disrespect" to the country and its flag. Two dozen NFL players continue to kneel during the National Anthem, showing total disrespect to our Flag & Country. No leadership in NFL! During the San Francisco 49ers-Dallas Cowboys game on Sunday, at least eight players from the 49ers knelt during the anthem, while no player from the Cowboys participated in the protest. Cowboys owner Jerry Jones has vowed bench any player on his team who kneels during the customary performance. Dallas' defensive linesman David Irving, however, raised his fist at the end of the game in solidarity with the ongoing protests. Several other players from teams across the league knelt, raised their fists or stayed in the locker room during the anthem. The protest gestures come as Trump and other politicians ramp up their criticism of the campaign against police brutality, which started last year when former 49ers quarterback Colin Kaepernick began kneeling during the anthem. Kaepernick's public stand against police brutality that disproportionately targets African Americans started in August 2016, but it quickly spread throughout the league and has continued to inspire athletes to kneel during the national anthem well into the 2017 season. 'Force the NFL's hand' Trump first entered the public debate over the protests when he urged NFL owners to fire players involved in the protests last month during a campaign-style rally in Huntsville, Alabama. "Get that son of a b**** off the field right now, out, he's fired. He's fired," Trump told the crowd. Although Trump said his comments had "nothing to do with race", critics have argued that the president was motivated by racism and a hope to distract the public from what they describe as policy failures. Issac Bailey, a journalist and interim member of the Charlotte Observer editorial board, argued that Trump's comments have largely backfired. {articleGUID} "I doubt that would have become reality, had Trump not tried to force the NFL's hands; because though the protests had been in place for more than a year, they got a lot more attention because of Trump's tweet," Bailey, who is also James K Batten Professor of public policy at Davidson College, told Al Jazeera. "That forced the NFL's hands. But we shouldn't forget that this began because Colin Kaepernick was courageous enough to take a knee." The NFL protests have spilled over into other athletic arenas, sparking similar demonstrations in college and high school sporting events. Earlier this month, Vice President Mike Pence stormed out of a game between the Indianapolis Colts and the San Francisco 49ers when players knelt during the anthem. 'Brand protection' Daniel Grano, a professor who teaches sports, politics and race at the University of North Carolina, Charlotte, said that Trump has sought to change the focus of the protests. "The original intent of the protests as Kaepernick began it has become largely obscured," he told Al Jazeera, arguing that there is now "a set of competing interpretations" of the protests. "The subject of race and policing is still very much alive in the minds of the players who continue protesting," he said. "When President Trump chimed in and said the protests were disrespectful to the flag, he was acting upon and advancing a competing interpretation of what the protests were about." Roger Goodell, the NFL commissioner, held meeting with NFL executives and team owners to discuss the ongoing protests last week in Manhattan. No decisions were regarding a punishment for players who refused to stand during the anthem. The subject of race and policing is still very much alive in the minds of the players who continue protesting. Daniel Grano, professor at University of North Carolina, Charlotte During last week's meeting in New York City, activists confronted the Cowboys owner Jones and accused him of upholding white supremacy by threatening to punish protesting athletes. In 2016, almost a quarter of the 1,093 people by police were African American, although they only comprise some 12 percent of the country's population, according to The Guardian's database, The Counted. Killed By Police, a monitoring group, has recorded at least 969 people killed by police so far in 2017. After Trump's comments in Alabama in September, several team owners joined players on the field for a show of unity. Many of them locked arms with the athletes, while the NFL opted not to fine players who did not amass on the sidelines during the anthem. Grano described the owners' actions as "brand protection". "The owners for a single weekend showed an apparent form of solidarity, but it wasn't related - in my estimation - to the politics of the protest," he said. "It was related to the protection of the brand."	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6617
__label__wiki	0.925343	0.925343	Roy Clark, ‘Hee Haw’ host and country music legend, dies at 85 Daniel Kohn Nov 15th 2018 2:26PM Roy Clark, the country music singer and co-host of “Heehaw,” the country-infused variety show, has died at the age of 85 on Thursday at the age of 85. He died from complications of pneumonia at home in Tulsa, Oklahoma, according to a representative. Though success didn’t come early for Clark, he became one of the people to popularize country music for a wider audience. Starting in 1969, Clark was either a host or co-host — with Buck Owens — of “Heehaw,” which was on the air for 24 years. As for his solo career, Clark’s hit songs include “Yesterday, When I Was Young” and “Thank God and Greyhound.” Roy Clark through the years CIRCA 1973: Country artist Roy Clark poses for a portrait circa 1973. (Photo by Michael Ochs Archives/Getty Images) circa 1975: American country musician Roy Clark sings and plays banjo at a microphone on stage during a concert performance. Clark was co-host of the country music variety television series, 'Hee-Haw.' (Photo by Fotos International/Getty Images) RENO, NV - APRIL 1970: Country artist Roy Clark poses for a portrait in April 1970 in Reno, Nevada. (Photo by Ken Kim/Michael Ochs Archives/Getty Images) circa 1975: American country singer and television host Roy Clark poses with his hand on his hip in a promotional portrait for the CBS-TV series 'Hee Haw'. He wears an iridescent gray suit with a pink shirt and printed silk tie. (Photo by CBS Photo Archive/Getty Images) Country musician Roy Clark and his wife Barbara Joyce Rupard pose for a portrait with champagne and a Rolls Royce in April 1970. (Photo by Michael Ochs Archives/Getty Images) American country music singer and guitarist Roy Clark poses with his guitar, 1970s. (Photo by Hope Powell/Getty Images) LOS ANGELES - APRIL 25: Roy Clark, banjo player and host of the CBS television country music and variety show, 'Hee Haw.' Image dated April 25, 1969. Los Angeles, CA. (Photo by CBS via Getty Images) NEW YORK - CIRCA 1965: Country artist Roy Clark poses for a portrait circa 1965 in New York City, New York. (Photo by Michael Ochs Archives/Getty Images) Country musician Roy Clark poses for a portrait as he is inducted to the Hollywood Walk of Fame on February 12, 1970 in Los Angeles, California. (Photo by Michael Ochs Archives/Getty Images) Country musician Roy Clark poses for a portrait in 1977. (Photo by Michael Ochs Archives/Getty Images) American country music singer and guiatrist Roy Clark answers questions at the International Music Festival, Tulsa, Oklahoma, 1978. (Photo by Bob Grant/Fotos International/Getty Images) Roy Clark, US country music singer and musician, playing the guitar on stage during a live concert performance, in 1979. (Photo by David Redfern/Redferns/Getty Images) BUENA PARK, CA - MARCH 21: Roy Clark and Roger Miller attend 23rd Annual Academy of Country Music Awards on March 21, 1988 at Knott's Berry Farm in Buena Park, California. (Photo by Ron Galella, Ltd./WireImage) Country music singer Roy Clark performing at his Roy Clark Celebrity Theater located in town known as Broadway of country music. (Photo by William F. Campbell/The LIFE Images Collection/Getty Images) NASHVILLE, TN - 2000: Grand Ole Opry member and veteran country music performer Roy Clark talks with reporters at a 2000 press conference in Nashville, Tennessee, launching the start of the Opry's 75th anniversary year. (Photo by Robert Alexander/Archive Photos/Getty Images) NASHVILLE, TN - FEBRUARY 04: Roy Clark attends the 2009 Country Music Hall of Fame Inductees announcement at the Ford Theater at The Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum on February 4, 2009 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Tom Burns/Getty Images) Roy Clark attends the 2009 Country Music Hall of Fame Inductees announcement at the Ford Theater at The Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum on February 4, 2009 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Tony R. Phipps/WireImage) NASHVILLE, TN - MAY 17: Roy Clark attends the 2009 Country Music Hall of Fame Medallion Ceremony on May 17, 2009 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Ed Rode/WireImage) INDIO, CA - APRIL 29: Musician Roy Clark performs onstage during the Stagecoach Country Music Festival held at the Empire Polo Field on April 29, 2012 in Indio, California. (Photo by Karl Walter/Getty Images for Stagecoach) NASHVILLE, TN - OCTOBER 25: General Chuck Yeager and Singer/Songwriter Roy Clark attend The Country Music Hall of Fame 2015 Medallion Ceremony at the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum on October 25, 2015 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Rick Diamond/Getty Images for CMHOF) NASHVILLE, TN - OCTOBER 25: Singers/Songwriters Roy Clark and Jan Howard attend The Country Music Hall of Fame 2015 Medallion Ceremony at the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum on October 25, 2015 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Rick Diamond/Getty Images for CMHOF) NASHVILLE, TN - JUNE 25: Roy Clark performs during the 33rd Annual American Eagle Awards at Music City Center on June 25, 2016 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Anna Webber/Getty Images) NASHVILLE, TN - OCTOBER 16: Roy Clark arrives at The 2016 Medallion Ceremony at the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum on October 16, 2016 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Rick Diamond/Getty Images for Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum) Outside of his hosting duties, Clark was known as an expert picker, a multi-instrumentalist, and one of the first artists to play in Branson, Missouri, which is now a popular family vacation destination in the Ozarks. In the 1970s, due to the popularity of “Heehaw,” Clark would fill in for Johnny Carson as “Tonight Show” host. Born in 1933 in Virginia, Clark was inducted in the Country Music Hall of Fame in 2009. He won seven CMA Awards and named Entertainer of the Year in 1973. Clark is survived by Barbara, his wife of sixty-one years, his sons Roy Clark II and wife Karen, Dr. Michael Meyer and wife Robin, Terry Lee Meyer, Susan Mosier and Diane Stewart, and his grandchildren: Brittany Meyer, Michael Meyer, Caleb Clark, Josiah Clark and his sister, Susan Coryell. Read original story Roy Clark, ‘Hee Haw’ Host and Country Music Legend, Dies at 85 At TheWrap CMA Awards 2018: Red carpet arrivals Maren Morris attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) Carrie Underwood attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by John Shearer/WireImage) Garth Brooks and singer Trisha Yearwood attend the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Terry Wyatt/FilmMagic) Kacey Musgraves attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) Kelsea Ballerini attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Terry Wyatt/FilmMagic) Lauren Akins and Thomas Rhett attend the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by John Shearer/WireImage) Gretchen Wilson attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by John Shearer/WireImage) Martina McBride attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Terry Wyatt/FilmMagic) Dave Haywood, Hillary Scott and Charles Kelley of Lady Antebellum attend the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by John Shearer/WireImage) Jennifer Nettles attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by John Shearer/WireImage) Kristian Bush and Jennifer Nettles of musical duo Sugarland attend the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) Scotty McCreery attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) Lauren Alaina attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) Luke Bryan attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by John Shearer/WireImage) Olivia Culpo attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) Brittney Marie Kelley, Brian Kelley and Tyler Hubbard of musical duo Florida Georiga Line and Hayley Hubbard attend the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) Cassidy Black and singer-songwriter Dierks Bentley attend the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) Dennis Quaid attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) Bebe Rexha attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by John Shearer/WireImage) Jason Aldean and Brittany Kerr attend the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Terry Wyatt/FilmMagic) Kane Brown attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) Kimberly Williams-Paisley attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) Dan Smyers and Shay Mooney of Dan + Shay attend the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Terry Wyatt/Getty Images) Rita Wilson attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by John Shearer/WireImage) Lionel Richie attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Terry Wyatt/FilmMagic) Kellie Pickler attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) RaeLynn attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by John Shearer/WireImage) Chris Lane and Lauren Bushnell attend the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by John Shearer/WireImage) Cassadee Pope attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by John Shearer/WireImage) Jess Carson (2nd from L), Mark Wystrach (3rd from L) and Cameron Duddy (R) of Midland pose with Camille Carson, Tyler Haney and Harper Smith attend the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by John Shearer/WireImage) Dustin Lynch attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) Danielle Bradbery attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) Eric Steedly, Tripp Howell, Jared Hampton, Brandon Lancaster and Chandler Baldwin of LANCO attend the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by John Shearer/WireImage) Carly Pearce attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by John Shearer/WireImage) Caleb Lee Hutchinson attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by John Shearer/WireImage) Tyler Hubbard of Florida Georgia Line and Hayley Hubbard attend the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) Walker Hayes attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) CMT hosts Cody Alan and Katie Cook attend the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by John Shearer/WireImage) Singer-songwriter Justin Moore attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) Lauren Alaina (R) and Alex Hopkins attend the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by John Shearer/WireImage) Brantley Gilbert and Amber Cochran attend the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) Carrie Underwood and Mike Fisher attend the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Terry Wyatt/FilmMagic) Maddie Marlow and Taylor Dye of musical duo Maddie and Tae attend the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) Christina Murphy and singer-songwriter Frankie Ballard attend the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) Ben Aaron and Kellie Pickler of tv show Pickler & Ben attend the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) Hillary Scott of musical group Lady Antebellum attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) Luke Bryan (R) and Caroline Boyer attend the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by John Shearer/WireImage) Mason Ramsey attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) Alicia Witt attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by John Shearer/WireImage) Katie Stevens attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) Rodney Atkins and Rose Falcon attend the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Terry Wyatt/Getty Images) Lauren Akins attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) Maren Morris and Ryan Hurd attend the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by John Shearer/WireImage) Katelyn Jae and singer-songwriter Kane Brown attend the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) Mackenzie Foy attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by John Shearer/WireImage) Meghan Linsey attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) Chris Lucas and Preston Brust of LOCASH attend the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by John Shearer/WireImage) Devin Dawson and Leah Sykes attend the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by John Shearer/WireImage) Sharna Burgess attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) Morgan Evans attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) Jordan Davis attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by John Shearer/WireImage) Aaron Watson attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) Mitchell Tenpenny attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images) Cole Swindell attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by Terry Wyatt/FilmMagic) Sharon White and singer Ricky Skaggs attend the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by John Shearer/WireImage) Nicolle Galyon attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by John Shearer/WireImage) Brett Young and Taylor Mills attend the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by John Shearer/WireImage) Kristian Bush of musical duo Sugarland attends the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by John Shearer/WireImage) Christina Murphy (L) and Frankie Ballard attend the 52nd annual CMA Awards at the Bridgestone Arena on November 14, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee. (Photo by John Shearer/WireImage) More from The Wrap: Julia Louis-Dreyfus shares breast cancer update, reveals her favorite ‘Veep’ scene (Video) Peggy McCay, longtime star of ‘Days of Our Lives,’ dies at 90 Charles Aznavour, iconic french singer, composer and actor, dies at 94 Sign up for Entertainment Insider by AOL to get the hottest pop culture news delivered straight to your inbox! An outrageous card offering 0% interest until nearly 2020 7 outrageous credit cards if you have excellent credit Cards charging 0% interest until 2020 Jessica Alba's Honest Beauty just got their prices slashed for Prime Day Prime Day 2019: Binge watch 'Big Bang Theory' for the cheapest price yet Montana Mom Drowned Both Her Kids On Purpose & It Wasn't The Fi… Chip Chick What Happened to Madeleine McCann? Here's Everything You Need T… Here Are All The Facts You Probably Don't Know About Laci Peter… Dermstore Summer Sale is Here! Up to 20% OFF sitewide* DermStore 'American Idol' renewed for season 3 at ABC AOL Logo Entertainment Get the latest pop culture and celebrity news delivered to your inbox daily! No, I don't want more entertainment news delivered to my inbox daily	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6621
__label__cc	0.524235	0.475765	APD in tandem with Wiltshire Police team for cycle challenge This month, we’ve been supporting the Wiltshire Police team on a sponsored cycle ride to raise funds for a guide dogs charity. Anthony Bristowe, a Police Call Handler with the Wiltshire force who is partially-sighted, successfully reached his target to raise £5,000 for the Guide Dogs Organisation, with the current total standing at £5,476. He achieved this by embarking on a 250-mile journey from Land’s End to Bradford on Avon, Wiltshire, this month. The Guide Dogs Organisation is the world’s largest breeder and trainer of working dogs. The charity aims to provide people with sight loss with the support they need to be able to move around safely and confidently, to get out of their homes and be able to live life the way they choose. The organisation has helped almost 30,000 people to achieving life-changing independence. Anthony rode the challenging route on a tandem cycle with friend Simon Taylor, accompanied by other Wiltshire Police riders, and managed to complete the distance in six days. We are extremely proud to have supported Anthony and the team by providing branded cycle tops for the riders and were delighted to be able to donate £500 towards the fundraising target - based on two pounds for every mile cycled by Anthony and his team mates. Our life-saving software is used by the police and other emergency services organisations across the UK, as well as transport and aviation operators nationally and internationally. This market-leading software protects the public and emergency services personnel and ensures the efficient, continuous operation of services vital to public safety and security. At Wiltshire Police, we provide a control system that enables rapid communications by bringing radio, telephony, CCTV and other systems together into one easy to use touch-screen access panel. The software, called Cortex, allows its control room operators to communicate with their officers by radio in the field and to deal efficiently and effectively with 999 calls, as well as many other facilities linked to their command and control system. Additional software, called Storm, is also supplied by APD in partnership with Sopra Steria, and allows control room operators to create and manage incidents reported by members of the public and co-ordinate the deployment of operational resources. APD Managing Director Mike Isherwood said: “We were really impressed when we heard about Anthony’s fundraising cycle ride, so we instinctively wanted to support him. “Wiltshire Police is one of our long-standing customers and we work closely with them on a daily basis, providing and supporting their control room and communications software. “We work really well with the Wiltshire force team and this sponsorship is a continuation of that excellent relationship. Good luck to Anthony, Simon and the whole team!” Wiltshire Police has also recently upgraded to a system built by APD called Artemis, which provides visibility and live information on police cars and other emergency services vehicles the length and breadth of Britain. The system delivers invaluable vehicle and driver performance data, creating huge savings in fuel and maintenance costs, as well as multi-layered information in the event of a collision. If you'd like to further add to Anthony & Simon's success, you can donate to the cycling duo’s Just Giving page at www.justgiving.com/fundraising/findingnimmo. Control Room Awards launched to ... APD Artemis XDR crowned Best ...	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6622
__label__wiki	0.770738	0.770738	Beyond 'Hollow' Defenses CHARLES W. CORDDRYTHE BALTIMORE SUN Washington. -- In control of the executive branch for the first time since Jimmy Carter's presidency, Democrats apparently are determined not to be tagged -- again -- with the responsibility for letting the U.S. military forces become "hollow" and unready to fight. The only part of the Clinton administration's new defense budget that shows an increase is the account for the daily operation and maintenance of the shrinking forces, to ensure that they could respond swiftly to any presidential decision to send them into action. This increase was made possible in large part by a big shift of money from the investment accounts, that is, from the development and production of future weapons and associated equipment to keep the forces modernized. More help came from bit of luck on lower-than-expected inflation and from holding next year's pay raise to 1.6 percent. A big increase in readiness money therefore could be stuffed inside the Clinton budget boundaries. The result is a delicately balanced defense plan for fiscal 1995, starting next Oct. 1, and one that already has the Defense Department's top civilian and military leaders asking themselves whether they are slighting the future to pay for the present. Are they spending too much to keep a too-large force in constant readiness at the expense of future weapons development and procurement? They don't think so at the moment, a senior official said in briefing the press on the new budget. The forces can live for now with the huge arms stocks put on order in the Reagan administration -- some still being delivered -- but, he said, Defense Secretary William J. Perry and the Joint Chiefs of Staff will be increasingly asking themselves whether they have the right balance. Combat readiness is a matter of great importance to the civilians now running the Pentagon, particularly Mr. Perry, who during the Carter administration was an undersecretary of defense in charge of research -- in charge of the future, so to speak. He of all people would not want to have to endure what he did in the late 1970s. While he was riding herd on the development of new weapons -- the weapons that performed so well in the Persian Gulf war -- he had to sit by while the combat readiness of U.S. forces deteriorated. The Pentagon budget briefer put it this way: "The guidance from Dr. Perry and from [predecessor] Secretary [Les] Aspin was: readiness is your highest priority, and you can trade off anything else to get the readiness package that you need." The result was a budget that played well among the military leaders and ought to appeal to Congress, where readiness is always a concern that any administration neglects to its later dismay. Rep. John P. Murtha, the Pennsylvania Democrat who chairs the House's potent defense appropriations subcommittee, has been warning about falling readiness and is doubtless one of those the budget is most meant to placate. "Hollow" is a term long used to describe forces that may be substantial in size but are short on training, working weapons and ability to move rapidly to trouble spots. The term was given currency by Gen. Edward C. Meyer, the Army chief of staff from mid-1979 to mid-1983. After years of post-Vietnam War cuts, he said he had a "hollow Army." His successors, in the Army and the other services, argue that too rapid a build-down of the forces so laboriously and expensively rebuilt during the Reagan and Bush administrations could reduce them to "hollowness" again. The Pentagon budget sent to Congress Monday called for $252.2 billion in spending authority for fiscal 1995, up $3.2 billion from this year. That's not quite enough to offset inflation, so there is a slight decline in purchasing power. Within that total, the operations and maintenance account is by far the largest -- $92.9 billion, up by $4.9 billion and more than enough to offset inflation. This account has more than double the once-huge sums in the procurement account. The emphasis on readiness is even greater than first appears. The 5.6 percent increase in operations and maintenance funds comes in a year when the military force structure itself continues to decline, by roughly 7 percent in fiscal 1995. Some average monthly net declines in fiscal 1995 will include 7,100 active-duty military personnel, 3,800 reservists, 4,100 civilians, one warship, 37 warplanes, one combat battalion and one military base. So, much more money is to be spent to keep fewer people and less equipment combat ready. A large question will loom in a year or so, however, as to whether there still are more people and equipment -- a bigger military force -- than can be paid for within the budgets that Mr. Clinton has planned. In his State of the Union speech, he said he intended no more defense budget cuts. But the question likely will become whether he will allow any increases -- or will further cut the forces. The emphasis is on readiness during a transition period. But, said the Pentagon budget briefer, priorities will have to turn "in the future" to modernization -- purchases of a range of new weapons. Some current programs will be ended by that time and funds can be shifted to the newer material, offsetting some of the costs. But few doubt that a crunch is coming. Reconciling readiness, new weapons, planned numbers of combat units and budget totals will be an awesome task. Charles Corddry covers defense and security issues from the Washington Bureau of The Baltimore Sun.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6624
__label__cc	0.617183	0.382817	62 Data Scientist Jobs Browse For Data Scientist Jobs. Find The Job Of Your Dreams On AnalyticTalent.com Today! Director, Data Science - Comcast Comcast brings together the best in media and technology. We drive innovation to create the world's best entertainment and online experiences. As a Fortune 50 leader, we set the pace in a variety of innovative and fascinating businesses and create career opportunities across a wide range of location... Comcast brings together the best in media and technology. We drive innovation to create the world's best entertainment and online experiences. As... Data Scientist - Electronic Arts (EA) Here in EA's Data Science group within Global Analytics and Insights, we're always looking for new members to help expand our horizon, to move our communal thought process. Responsible for everything from recommendations and personalization to evaluating the impact of marketing investments, our grou... Here in EA's Data Science group within Global Analytics and Insights, we're always looking for new members to help expand our horizon, to move our... Senior Data Scientist - Microsoft The Microsoft Maps & Geospatial team is the center of excellence for understanding and using location and geospatial knowledge for 1st and 3rd party scenarios. In addition to providing map rendering, geocoding and routing capabilities, we also perform advanced Computer Vision and Image Processin... The Microsoft Maps & Geospatial team is the center of excellence for understanding and using location and geospatial knowledge for 1st and 3rd... Software Engineer, Data Warehouse - Pinterest As an engineer on the data analytics team you'll provide necessary intelligence to the rest of the company that will enable making better product decisions. You'll make use of the latest advances in large scale data processing, machine learning, and data visualization to uncover insights in data. Yo... 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__label__wiki	0.809648	0.809648	NEXT GIG JAN 23rd We will be playing our first band gig of the year on JANUARY 23rd at the beautifully newly refurbished Nambucca on Holloway Road. The night is called WAR GAMES and we will be performing alongside Arms, Pennyroyal, Dull Knife & Jon Ian Clarke. A night of bands and DJs from 7pm to 3am @ Nambucca 596 Holloway Road, N7 6LB. Nambucca is a classic North London venue with a lot of history(see below photo). In the mid-part of the 2010s Nambucca provided a platform for many of the forerunners of the London nu-folk scene, with artists such as Frank Turner, Marcus Mumford and Laura Marling performing there regularly. It also was a staple of the burgeoning indie-scene led by The Libertines and many successful bands performed early gigs there including The Holloways who were actually formed at the venue and played their first gig there. On December 17, 2008 a fire at the venue caused massive destruction and it was almost two years before it reopened. [2] On October 31st 2014, after another closure, a massive refurbishment and a change of ownership, the bar reopened. Many long-running and successful events have now found a new home at the venue in its latest incarnation. Nambucca is now a 300-capacity music venue, with the re-positioning of the stage to the back of the room as opposed to its former position at the left-hand side of the venue, allowing a clear view for all gig-goers. The venue has a 30-channel Soundtrack Si-Compact mixing desk and state-of-the-art PA system.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6626
__label__wiki	0.898219	0.898219	Where is the B.C. woman attempting to be the oldest person to sail the world? B.C. sailor Jeanne Socrates’s potentially record-breaking mission is two-months underway Dec. 6, 2018 10:10 a.m. As Dec. 3 marks two months into Vancouver Island’s Jeanne Socrates’s mission to become the oldest sailor to circumnavigate the world, the 76-year-old also reached 6,576 nautical miles. Socrates is already a world record breaker, having become the oldest woman to sail around the globe when she was 70. Now, she’d beat that record and earn the title of the oldest person — man or woman — if she’s successful. She pushed off from Victoria, B.C., on Oct. 3. Now, Socrates is 1,255 nautical miles from Cape Horn, off the coast of South America. “See you in May!” Socrates calls as she heads out from #VictoriaBC. She won’t touch land again for at least 7 months. pic.twitter.com/Lec0PxE8Dj — Keili Bartlett (@KeiliBartlett) October 3, 2018 READ MORE: Senior sailor leaves Victoria to sail around the world — again It hasn’t been all smooth sailing, as Socrates and her vessel Nereida are currently passing through what sailors call the ‘roaring forties’ — the stretch between the 40th and 50th latitude known for its strong winds. Socrates has an estimated five or six months on sea ahead of her, alone and unassisted. Her only contact with other humans is over her radio and daily blog updates. Still, she seemed in chipper spirits as she wrote on Dec. 3, “Not being a racer, my priority is to stay safe, even if that means stopping or going slowly at times — no problem!” READ MORE: B.C. sailor’s attempt to break record crosses Equator line 76-year-old Jeanne Socrates is making her third attempt to become the oldest person to sail around the world solo. (Keili Bartlett/News staff) Vote for the winner in the 2018 Amateur Photographer of the Year Awards Fashion Fridays: 5 style secrets you need to know	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6629
__label__cc	0.553056	0.446944	A Summit on Women in Science December 4, 2017 Musing Carlin Hsueh From left: Liza Mundy, author of Code Girls: The Untold Story of the American Women Code Breakers of World War II, Margot Lee Shetterly, author of Hidden Figures, and Olga Khazan of The Atlantic magazine. Photo: The Atlantic What do a NASCAR driver, award-winning author, and cosmetic lab manager all have in common? They are just a few of the women and leaders who joined female scientists, professors, and journalists at the recent In Pursuit: An Atlantic Summit on Women in Science event in Washington, D.C. Underwritten by L’Oreal USA and presented by The Atlantic magazine, the summit brought together leading scientific experts to highlight recent achievement by women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM)—as well as strategies for ensuring that more female innovators flourish in these fields. According to The Atlantic, despite the tremendous impact of just a handful of women scientists, only 24% of today’s STEM workers are female. How does this substantial gender gap impact the economy, human development, and the environment? And what can be done to pave the way for today’s women scientists—and future women scientists—to unleash the discoveries of tomorrow? You can find out here because the entire two-hour event was recorded. However, if you only have a few minutes to spare, here are my top picks from among all the discussions in the summit. History, Rewritten My favorite discussion was with Liza Mundy, author of Code Girls: The Untold Story of the American Women Code Breakers of World War II, and Margot Lee Shetterly, author of Hidden Figures. Both women discovered the stories of unseen women doing heroic things and brought their virtually unknown achievements out of the shadows of history. In the candid conversation on women’s absence in history, each author encouraged a change in how we perceive and study science. “We must fight the narrative that science is all-male, all-white, very boring, and filled with tortured geniuses with no social skills.”—Liza Mundy “Learning the history of the science was one of the most thrilling, engaging, interesting things I’ve ever done.”—Margot Lee Shetterly Closing the Gap Another panel discussion explored ways that industries and universities can become more inclusive to women and more diverse. It featured Maria Klawe, president of Harvey Mudd College, which just redesigned its “intro to engineering” course, focused on underwater robotics, to close a gender gap in performance and increase learning for all; Emmanuel Schanzer, founder and co-director of Bootstrap, a developer of computational curriculum modules for grades 6–12; and Cynthia Winston-Proctor, professor in the Department of Psychology at Howard University and president of the Society of STEM Women of Color, a membership organization devoted to enabling women of color to fully pursue STEM careers. During the discussion, the panelists noted that at universities, keeping women in STEM fields where they are typically underrepresented—such as computer science, engineering, and physics—means not “dumbing it down.” “It means making it just as challenging, but providing lots of support . . . making it possible to see why what you’re learning actually matters in the world. We have to work within our workplace at changing culture; we have to work on inclusion. There’s just no question that we have long way to go.”—Maria Klawe As a woman scientist, I felt both validated and inspired hearing the experiences from the mostly female panelists on their successes and challenges working in the science field. There’s also something to be said about speaking openly about what the problems are and admitting how it will take immense effort in overcoming deep-rooted stereotypes and archaic teaching practices to truly open the doors to include everyone. By having these kinds of discussions together, whether hosted by an established publication or in the halls of your local science center, we can make a meaningful change to our culture. On that note, I leave you with a few more resounding quotes from modern-day “hidden figures” who were part of the In Pursuit summit. “Understand your worth and understand how to wield your power in an astute and thoughtful way.”—Maria Freire, president and executive director, Foundation for the National Institutes of Health “If we want to make the world for our daughters and for future generations the way we want it to be, you stick with it.”—Pardis Sabeti, computational geneticist, Harvard University, Broad Institute, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute Carlin Hsueh is project manager of ASTC’s World Biotech Tour, a three-year global initiative showcasing the impact of science centers in bringing together key stakeholders to promote public engagement in the science, technologies, and societal issues related to biotechnology.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6630
__label__wiki	0.683863	0.683863	Women’s World Cup 2019: Where is the Middle East? By Sheva Tabatabainejad and Rana Abdulhadi The final match of the Women’s World Cup 2019 is a few short days away and the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) expects viewership to reach one billion. With all the excitement these past months have generated, it is hard not to notice a glaring discrepancy in representation. There is not one team from the Middle East that qualified. Is it because the sport is less popular in this region? Is it because the women don’t want to play? The answer to both questions is no. Soccer is in fact one of the most popular sports in the Middle East. According to a report on sports in the region, “Soccer is woven tightly into the lives and cultures of the peoples of the Middle East.” Anyone should be able to grab a ball, gather some neighborhood kids, and play a pickup game barefoot from Sao Paulo to Tokyo. But what about Kabul, Tehran, and Ankara? When girls or women try to enter the game, it isn’t as simple as it is for boys and men. This is especially true in the Middle East. Girls in the region are discouraged from playing soccer through religious barriers, cultural norms, financial discrimination, imposed dress codes, and constant harassment. In very religious families, it is expected that girls and women should generally stay at home. Many believe playing soccer could invite sin, diminish their femininity, or even change their sexual orientation. Women are fighting against the backdrop of soccer being seen as a “man’s sport” with no place for women. There is also a financial unwillingness to support their play. Women’s soccer is seen as secondary to men’s and since they earn significantly less than men, it isn’t seen as a viable career path. Women’s attire is also always up for debate. Most Middle Eastern countries deem it inappropriate for women or girls to run around in shorts and a t-shirt in public. Finally, even if a little girl or grown woman persists against the objections of her family and societal pressure, secures funding, and sports modest clothing, she is still faced with a barrage of harassment in the form of catcalling, assault, and death threats. There are only a handful of crowning examples within the Middle East where women have managed to play soccer in spite of these challenges. Two prominent examples are Turkey and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). In 2009, Turkey founded a new women’s professional league. Prior to that, there was an amateur league with about twelve teams that lasted a decade before it was forced to disband amidst allegations of mismanagement and romantic affairs between the players. Even though Turkey is the bridge between Europe and the Middle East, it is seen as inappropriate for women to play in public wearing a shirt and shorts. In Turkey, like much of the Middle East, soccer is also seen as inherently a man’s game. Although Turkish women have laudable basketball and volleyball leagues, pursuing soccer professionally required a certain bucking of conventional norms. In the UAE, a campaign was launched in 2009 to expand women’s soccer in the country with the goal of starting a women’s soccer league by 2012. They reached that goal in 2012 with “The Budding Talents” development project. Beginning in Abu Dhabi, the league features sixteen teams from U-13 to U-16 and has recruited over 2000 girls. The UAE national team competed in the qualifiers for the AFC Women’s Asian Cup for the first time in 2017. Even in countries that show progress by forming a soccer federation, registering members, and traveling for games, the five barriers are ever-present as exemplified by Afghanistan. While not part of the Middle East, the case of the neighboring country is sadly not unique, but glaring in abuses against the players highlighted in recent media reports. The President of the Afghanistan Football Federation (AFF) and five other soccer officials are accused of sexually assaulting members of the women’s soccer team. Using their positions, as well as a combination of sexual violence, mental, and physical abuse, the officials subjugated the women into submission. Players have come forward with horrific stories of the AFF president assaulting them in a hidden bedroom in his office, sometimes two at a time, and then publicly humiliating them by calling them “lesbians.” Throughout the abuse, officials claimed that if the women came forward their families would be ruined or harmed, they would be kicked off the team, or they would bring shame upon themselves and their families. The AFF president also forced players to sign contracts that prevented them from receiving independent sponsorships. Despite the threats and fear they instilled in the women, players came forward and filed claims against the AFF president and other officials involved in the years of abuse. In December 2018, FIFA suspended the AFF president and other officials. It is frustrating to see the progress made by women in soccer only to have them abused by men in positions of power. In some countries in the Middle East, even spectating soccer games is an almost insurmountable task for women. The two countries in the Middle East that actively discouraged and discourages women from watching men play soccer are Saudi Arabia and Iran. For the first time in its history, Saudi Arabia allowed women to watch men play soccer inside a public stadium in January 2018. Although the stadium was not initially built to accommodate female attendees—missing private sections, female bathrooms, and prayer areas—the hiring of new female ushers showcased a permanent family section for women. On social media, some Saudis applauded the inclusion of women while others criticized the move and claimed that women belong at home caring for their families and preserving their faith. Before the 1979 Revolution, Iran had a women’s national soccer team that did not don the hijab. A new women’s national team was formed in 2005, but controversy about the gender of players arose in 2015. Since the Revolution, women have not been allowed to watch soccer in public stadiums and oftentimes resort to dressing like men to sneak in. In October 2018, women were allowed to attend a soccer match at a public stadium for the first time in the history of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Unlike Saudi Arabia, this was a one-time exception and it is unlikely that women will be allowed to attend in the near future. Although most Middle East countries have at least a women’s national team or a U-19 team, most do not enter or do not qualify for the World Cup. Teams either lack adequate funding or have incomplete rosters. To qualify for the World Cup, they need to place highly in the Asian Federation Cup (AFC) the year prior. The AFC qualifying countries for the Women’s World Cup 2019 were Australia, China, Japan, South Korea, and Thailand. The women’s national teams are internationally ranked sixth, sixteenth, seventh, fourteenth, and thirty-fourth respectively. Multiple Middle East teams tie in rank for last place. Clearly, there is still a lot of work to be done. Before the opening match of the FIFA Women’s World Cup 2019, a memorandum of understanding (MoU) was signed between FIFA and the United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women (UN Women), the first of its kind. United Nations Under-Secretary-General and Executive Director of UN Women Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka said: It will remove any barrier that prevents us from reaching the hearts of young girls. Sport brings them happiness and inspires them to go out and replicate what they see on the pitch. It is said that you always remember how someone makes you feel more than what they say, and sport arouses feelings. That is why it is such an important platform. Mlambo-Ngcuka is linking gender equality and soccer. Soccer is widely viewed as a worldwide equalizer. Players on the pitch have their feet and a ball to work with. Ensuring that women and girls are a part of that experience is pivotal. This is arguably the main reason for resistance of the inclusion of women in the Middle East where women’s rights are seen as a threat to the status quo. Allowing leniency or equal treatment on the soccer field could translate to equality elsewhere and that is what especially terrifies the patriarchal leadership of Middle Eastern countries. Sheva Tabatabainejad is an intern for the Rafik Hariri Center at the Atlantic Council. She graduated from Georgetown University in 2019 with a Master of Science in Foreign Service. You can follow her on Twitter @Sheva_Tab. Rana Abdulhadi is an intern for the Rafik Hariri Center at the Atlantic Council. Leah Hickert is an intern for the Rafik Hariri Center at the Atlantic Council and contributed to the infographic data and design.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6632
__label__wiki	0.976367	0.976367	Fraudster jailed for four years David Mark Flannigan. Pic by Pacemaker Belfast. Published: 12:07 Monday 27 November 2017 A man who stole £250,000 from three victims, including the children of a former soldier killed in Iraq, has been sentenced to four years in prison. David Mark Flannigan (45), whose address was given as Lurgan Road, Portadown, appeared at Craigavon Crown Court today (Monday) for sentencing. Judge Donna McColgan QC ordered that he spend two years in prison and two on licence. At a previous hearing he had pleaded guilty to three counts of fraud by abuse of his position. Flannigan, an accounting technician, swindled most of the money - £161,370 - from the R N Moore Will Trust. This fund was set up by his friend, Tandragee man Raymond Moore, for his two children, Rebecca and Zac, in the event of his death. Mr Moore, a former RIR soldier, was killed in an explosion Iraq in 2007 while working for a security firm. A further £66,800 was stolen from Portadown Masonic Recreation Club and £23,508 from Richhill-based Orchard County Travel. Flannigan committed the offences over a space of four-and-a-half years, from January 2010 to May 2014. Judge Donna McColgan QC said that while all the offences represented a significant breach of trust, the offence concerning the children of Raymond Moore was “repugnant in the extreme”. She added, “It would be difficult to imagine a more serious breach of trust.” At a court hearing last Monday, the court was told that, on reaching 21, Rebecca Moore had received an initial sum of £10,000 but nothing else. Judge McColgan said the aggravating features of the case included the number of victims, the high level of breach of trust in respect of Rebecca and Zac, the considerable sum misappropriated and the duration of the offending. However, she said she was taking into account the defendant’s guilty plea, his clear record, poor health and the loss of his home and marriage. She said that although Flannigan had reassigned his pension rights to the Moore children, it still left a deficit of £100,000 in their trust fund. As Flannigan was led from the dock, a member of the public shouted, “You stole from a hero”.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6633
__label__cc	0.682419	0.317581	Home > VISITORS > Things To Do > Lake & Country Tour Baraga County Lake & Country Tour L’Anse Waterfront Park -begin & end tour Pequaming (“Pequa quaming” Ojibwa name) –home site and ceremonial ground of the Ojibwa before the arrival of the Europeans. First European visitor was the Jesuit priest Rene’ Menard who wintered here in 1660. Site of the Hebard & Thurber Sawmill (1877) later Charles Hebard & Sons – purchased by Henry Ford in 1923, and operated until 1942 making wooden floorboards for automobiles, wood panels for station wagons and crating for auto parts manufactured in Kingsford, MI. The population of this company town peaked at nearly 800 in 1897. Second Sand Beach on Lake Superior ’s Sand Bay swimming and picnicking. Aura Lutheran Church – Circa 1930 Aura – Following the labor strikes at the copper mines on the Keweenaw Peninsula in 1913 Hebard and Sons Company began offering 40 acres of harvested land for $300 with attractive financing. In the summer of 1914, six Finnish pioneer families from the Copper Country wishing to realize the American dream of owning their own land began arriving and created the agricultural community of Aura. The word Aura is the Finnish word for Plow. Aura Town Hall adjacent to the Aura Fire Department sometimes referred to the following a socialist schism that occurred among the Finnish emigrants across the country and living in the USA in the 1920s and early 1930s Circa 1930 Following the labor strikes at the copper mines on the Keweenaw Peninsula in 1913 – 1914, the Charles Hebard and Sons Company began offering 40 acres of harvested land for $300 with attractive financing. In the summer of 1914, six Finnish pioneer families from the Copper Country wishing to realize the American dream of owning their own land began arriving and created the agricultural community of Aura. The word Aura is the Aura Town Hall adjacent to the Aura Fire Department – sometimes referred to the “Red” Finn Town Hall, following a socialist schism that occurred among the Finnish emigrants across the country and living in the USA in the 1920s and early 1930s – circa 1926. Pointe Abbaye – beautiful views of Lake Superior, the Keweenaw Peninsula and the Huron Islands. Primitive camping. Turn left at Townline Rd and turn right on Pointe Abbaye Rd – approximately 8 miles to Point Abbaye. Aura Hall Co-op and Community Hall – circa 1932 – site of the Aura Fiddler’s Jamboree since 1977 held on the 3rd Friday and Saturday of July each year. Slate Falls and old Slate Quarry – turn right up Arvon Rd approximately 3 miles – in use from 1870 –1892 and reopened again in the 1920’s for a short period of time by Ford. Arvon Historical Society in the old parsonage for the Zion Lutheran Church – circa 1907/1908. Hours 1 – 4 on Saturdays or call 524-4942 or 524-4843 for special access. Mount Arvon – Highest natural point in the State of Michigan – elevation of 1,979 feet – Turn right on Roland Rd and follow the blue signs – driving approximately 8 miles to the parking area below the summit. Big Eric’s Bridge, Big Eric’s Falls and primitive campground named for Big Eric Erickson, who was Henry Ford’s lumber camp foreman – located on the Huron River – turn right for one mile on Big Eric Bridge Rd. Mouth of the Huron – beautiful Lake Superior beach overlooking the Huron Islands, swimming and primitive camping. Turn right on Huron Rd. Arvon Township Park located on Huron Bay – turn right on Park Rd in Skanee – 1 mile – picnicking and boat launch ramp. Skanee – founded in 1870 by Swedish ship captain Walfred Been as he was seeking shelter from a storm on Lake Superior. Town is named after his home province of Skåne in Sweden. Skanee Town Hall – circa 1915. Silver River Falls – turn left on Silver River Falls Rd – less than1 mile. Zeba – An Ojibwa community said to have first become a Methodist Mission settlement in 1835. The Zeba Indian Mission United Methodist Church on Marksman Road, was erected in 1888 and is an area landmark. L’Anse Township Park – site of the American Fur Company trading post operated by French Canadian Peter Crebassa after moving the trading post from the west side of the Keweenaw Bay to this location in 1836. Full service camping is available. The Village of L’Anse was incorporated n 1871 and became the county seat of Baraga County when it was created in 1875. L’Anse Township was established in May of 1846 with the first county elections held in L’Anse in July of 1848 after the U.P. was recognized as a part of the State of Michigan in 1837, and soon after becoming part of Houghton County.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6636
__label__cc	0.695505	0.304495	Criminal Deterrence Research Paper 1104 WordsDec 4, 20125 Pages Crime Deterrence Within the past few years, Provincial and federal incarceration rates have slowly but steadily been increasing, with actual number of adults being admitted to territorial, provincial or federal programs at 211,970 in 2006, and steadily climbing to 262,067 in 20101, with the rising crime rate comes different methods to attempt to combat crime, some focus on being more preventative, such as community outreach programs that focus on at risk youth or children who live in priority neighborhoods, while others are primarily used once a crime has occurred, such as police intervention leading to a civil suit or a criminal charge; this, is the concept of Crime Deterrence, sometimes Deterrence can be viewed as flawed for the fact…show more content… 2. In my personal opinion if Canada were to have a 3 strike system we’d be more likely to have a lower rate of repeat offenders, and deterrence would get much more of a point across to offenders, because they would realize that once they reach the 3rd strike the repercussions become much more harsh, be in through increased sentencing or more federal jail time as opposed to provincial time. 3. Based on my research on the effectiveness of deterrence of crime in Canada, I find that the Tories are somewhat misguided in their attempts to deter crime, and focus on the wrong sectors of crime, perhaps less military expenditures and more tough gun control, or harsher penalties for those caught with handguns and automatic weapons? I personally agree with the statement that “… conservatives are not tough on crime, but just stupid on crime. 3” 4. I also found some complications with deterrence in Canada, such as the fact that crimes committed in the heat of the moment, in passion, or under the influence cannot be deterred because the offender is generally in a state of mind that can make them do things that the average person wouldn’t do, also in certain priority neighborhood areas regardless of deterrence, some people are predispositioned towards crime 5. It is criticized that Canada might be somewhat lenient when it comes towards harsher penalties for criminals, be it adult or The Theories And Deterrence Of Criminal Punishment predictions made by labeling theorists and deterrence theorists with respect to the utility of criminal punishment. Labeling theorists and deterrence theorists both aim to make conclusions about why people commit crimes and why people continue to commit crimes over and over again. Although they have similar end goals, the labeling theory and the deterrence theory are very different in the approach that they take to get to the end result. Deterrence theorists try to understand how punishment Criminal Justice Research Paper to object to the search and seizure requires review of all of the reports regarding the case. Depending on the nature and quantity of the drugs seized, this could possibly be a serious case. In any event, the person involved should consult with a criminal defense attorney or, if he cannot afford private counsel, with the public defender if he is charged. Officer had probable cause to affect a traffic stop after he observed defendant following too closely. Defendant's and passenger's behavior after The Deterrence Theory Of The Criminal Justice System The Deterrence theory is a key element in the Criminal Justice System. It’s principles about justice appeal to us because it adapts to our ideas of what we identify as fairness. Punish the sinful and the ones who break the law, swiftly, to the extent that pain will dissuade them from committing a crime ever again. Its sole purpose, to instill fear. Fear of breaking the law because of its punishments. We not only use this theory to punish criminals, but it is a basis in which we raise our kids and The Deterrence Effect and Criminal Justice Essay Over the years a theory known as the deterrence effect has been proposed to the world of capital punishment. People believe that if you do something wrong, in this case, kill someone, then you will be put to death therefore preventing you from committing that wrong act again. This theory also states that by viewing or hearing about your punishment then others around you will not follow in your footsteps which will decrease the number of criminal acts committed. Econometric studies have started a Deterrence Theory Of The Criminal Justice System Unit 2 DB1 Deterrence Theory Deterrence theory has many ideas as to what constitute deterrence. Some researchers think that it is the main purposes of our criminal justice system. They do agree that it is the main goal when it comes down to discouraging society from committing criminal deeds. Because, of fear of punishment for committing a crime. Some researcher would have you believe that the most powerful deterrent we have is our criminal justice system, because they are the ones that will make A Response to Criminal Justice Posting Deterrence Theory RESPONSE TO CRIMINAL JUSTICE POSTING DETERRENCE THEORY The questions of Sheriff Joe Arpaio's approach to penal incarceration should probably be broken down into two different issues: deterrence and rehabilitation. That is because deterrence does not occur in a vacuum; rather, the effectiveness of a deterrence approach depends substantially on what (if any) alternatives to criminal conduct are available to former offenders after their return to society. Deterrence by itself, without viable alternatives The Deterrence Theory Vs. Deterrence Classic Deterrence Theory A rational person is thought to measure both the gains and losses before committing a crime and would more than likely to be deterred from violating the law they believed the loss was greater than the gain according to the deterrence theory. The deterrence theory is based on the belief that humans control their behavior based on the perceived rewards and punishments that would result from such actions. Which has led many theorists to believe that the proper to punish, a Research Paper on Criminal Justice September 8, 2010 English Class The field of Criminal Justice has so many different career paths that anyone can succeed in and it’s for that reason I have picked the Forensic Science path to explore. There are a number of reasons why I have chosen to explore and get an education in this career. The specialization of Forensic Science within the Criminal Justice is right for me because I feel that families should have closure, I feel that people who Deterrence Theory And The Criminal Justice Field Essay Introduction Deterrence can be defined as an act of threat to prevent another party from certain actions. Deterrence theory is based upon a belief that citizens choose to obey or violate the law after determining the advantages and disadvantages of their actions (Paternoster, 2010). Deterrence, in the criminal justice field, dissuades individuals from criminal activity and from continuing to live a life of crime after committing the first criminal like act (Dutton, 2014). Law enforcement provides Two Types of Criminal Deterrence Essay There are two different types if deterrence, the first is classified as specific deterrence. The goal of this category of deterrence is to lessen the probability of having a repeat offender. The three strikes law is an example of one of the methods that is used to assist this category of deterrence. The other category of deterrence is general deterrence. This category focuses more on future offenders. General deterrence attempts to positively influence would be offenders and stop the crimes before More about Criminal Deterrence Research Paper Hamlet Prevailing Themes Act One Television Role in Preserving American Values During the Cold War Baby Queen Cleopatra Originality in Movies Do Smartphones Increase or Decrease Social Interaction? My Baby Niece	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6638
__label__cc	0.529383	0.470617	Read By Nigel Bruce Murder in the Casbah and Other Mysteries: New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes By Denis Green Duration: 6 h 0 min The Tell Tale Pigeon Feathers and The Indiscretion of Mr. Edwards: The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, Episode #11 The Night Before Christmas and The Darlington Substitution: The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, Episode #25 The Haunting of Sherlock Holmes and Baconian Cipher: The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, Episode #26 The Guileless Gyspy and The Camberville Poiseners: The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, Episode #15 Colonel Warburton's Madness and The Iron Box: The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, Episode #8 The Strange Case of the Demon Barber and The Mystery of the Headless Monk: The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, Episode #4 The Case of the Limping Ghost and The Girl with the Gazelle: The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, Episode #6 The April Fool's Day Adventure and The Strange Adventure of the Uneasy Easy Chair: The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, Episode #3 The Adventure of the Blarney Stone and The Accidental Murderess: The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, Episode #24 The Great Gondolofo and The Adventure of the Original Hamlet: The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, Episode #21 The Manor House Case and The Adventure of the Stuttering Ghost: The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, Episode #20 The Gunpowder Plot and The Babbling Butler: The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, Episode #23 Murder in the Casbah and The Tankerville Club: The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, Episode #13 The Viennese Strangler and The Notorious Canary Trainer: The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, Episode #2 The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, Vol. 1 By Hollywood 360 The Problem of Thor Bridge and The Double Zero: The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, Episode #12 The Amateur Mendicant Society and Case of the Vanishing White Elephant: The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, Episode #5 In Flanders Fields and The Eyes of Mr. Leyton: The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, Episode #10 The Unfortunate Tobacconist and The Paradol Chamber: The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, Episode #1	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6642
__label__wiki	0.560724	0.560724	Beriah Beri'ah (Heb. Beriah', on the signif. see below), the name of four men. 1. (Sept. Βαριά) The last named of the four sons of Asher, and the father of Heber and Malchiel (Ge 46:17). B.C. 1856. His descendants were called BERIITES (Nu 26:44-45). 2. (Sept. Βαριά v. r. Βεριά.) A son of Ephraim, so named on account of the state of his father's house when he was born. "And the sons of Ephraim; Shuthelah, and Bered his son, and Tahath his son, and Eladah his son, and Tahath his son, and Zabad his son, and Ezer, and Elead, whom the men of Gath [that were] born in [that] land slew" [lit. "and the men . . . slew them"], "because they came down to take away their cattle. And Ephraim their father mourned many days, and his brethren came to comfort him. And when he went in to his wife, she conceived, and bare a son, and he called his name Beriah, because it went evil with his house" [lit. "because in evil" or "a gift" "was to his house: כִּי ברָעָה הָיתָה בבֵיתוֹ; Sept. ὅτι ἐν κακοῖς ἐγένετο ἐν οἴκῳ μου; Vulg. "eo quod in malls domus ejus ortus esset'" (1Ch 7:20-23). With respect to the meaning of the name, Gesenius prefers the rendering "in evil" to "a gift," as probably the right one. In this case, בּרָעָה in the explanation would be, according to him, רָעָה with Beth essentiae (Thes. s.v.). It must be remarked, however, that the supposed instances of Beth essentiae being prefixed to the subject in the O.T. are few and inconclusive, and that it is disputed by the Arabian grammarians if the parallel "redundant B'e" of the Arabic be ever so used (comp. Thes. p. 174, 175, where this use of "redundant B'e" is too arbitrarily denied). The Sept. and Vulg. indicate a different construction, with an additional variation in the case of the former ("my house" for "his house"), so that the rendering "in evil" does not depend upon the construction proposed by Gesenius. Michaelis suggests that, בּרָעָה may mean a spontaneous gift of God, beyond expectation and the law of nature, as a son born to Ephraim now growing old might be called (Suppl. p. 224, 225). In favor of this meaning, which; with Gesenius, we take in the simple sense of "gift," it may be urged that it is unlikely that four persons would have borne a name of an unusual form, and that a case similar to that here supposed is found in the naming of Seth (Ge 4:25). First (Heb. Handw. s.v.) suggests what appears a still better derivation, namely, a contraction of בֶּןאּרָיעָה for בֶּןאּרָעָה, son of evil, i.e. unlucky. ⇒Bible concordance for BERIAH. This short notice is of no slight historical importance, especially as it refers to a period of Hebrew history respecting which the Bible affords us no other like information. The event must be assigned to the time between Jacob's death and the beginning of the oppression. B.C. post. 1856. The indications that guide us are, that some of Ephraim's sons must have attained to manhood, and that the Hebrews were still free. The passage is full of difficulties. The first question is, What sons of Ephraim were killed? The persons mentioned do not all seem to be his sons. Shuthelah occupies the first place, and a genealogy of his descendants follows as far as a second Shuthelah, the words "his son" indicating a direct descent, as Houbigant (ap. Barrett, Synopsis, in loc.) remarks, although he very needlessly proposes conjecturally to omit them. A similar genealogy from Beriah to Joshua is given in ver. 25-27. As the text stands, there are but three sons of Ephraim mentioned before Beriah-Shuthelah, Ezer, and Elead, all of whom seem to have been killed by the men of Gath, though it is possible that the last two are alone meant, while the first of them is stated to have left descendants. In the enumeration of the Israelite families in Numbers four of the tribe of Ephraim are mentioned, sprung from his sons Shuthelah, Becher, and Tahan, and from Eran, son or descendant of Shuthelah (26, 35-36.) The second and third families are probably those of Beriah and a younger son, unless the third is one of Beriah, called after his descendant Tahan (1Ch 7:25); or one of them may be that of a son of Joseph, since it is related that Jacob determined that sons of Joseph who might be born to him after Ephraim and Manasseh should "be called after the name of their brethren in their inheritance" (Ge 48:6). SEE BECHER. There can be no doubt that the land in which the men of Gath were born is the eastern part of Lower Egypt, if not Goshen itself. It would be needless to say that they were born in their own land; but as this was not Gath itself, they must have been called "men of Gath" (q. d. Gittites) as being descended from natives of that place. At this time very many foreigners must have been settled in Egypt, especially in and about Goshen. Indeed, Goshen is mentioned as a nonEgyptian country in its inhabitants (Ge 46:34), and its own name, as well as nearly all the names of its cities and places mentioned in the Bible, save the cities built in the oppression, are probably Semitic. In the Book of Joshua, Shihor, the Nile, here the Pelusiac branch, is the boundary of Egypt and Canaan, the Philistine territories apparently being considered to extend from it (Jos 13:2-3). It is therefore very probable that many Philistines would have settled in a part of Egypt so accessible to them and so similar in its population to Canaan as Goshen and the tracts adjoining it. Or else these men of Gath may have been mercenaries like the Cherethim (in Egyptian Shayratana") who were in the Egyptian service at a later time, as in David's, and to whom lands were probably allotted as to the native army. Some suppose that the men of Gath were the aggressors, a conjecture not at variance with the words used in the relation of the cause of the death of Ephraim's sons, since we may read "when (כִּי) they came down," etc., instead of "because," etc. (Bagster's Bible, in loc.), but it must be remembered that this rendering is equally consist, ent with the other explanation. There is no reason to suppose that the Israelites at this time may not have sometimes engaged in predatory or other warfare. The warlike habits of Jacob's sons are evident in the narrative of the vengeance taken by Simeon and Levi upon Hamor and Shechem (Ge 34:25-29), and that the same traits existed in their posterity appears from the fear which the Pharaoh who began to oppress them entertained lest they should, in the event of war in the land, join with the enemies of his people, and thus escape out of the country (Ex 1:8-10). It has been imagined,according as either side was supposed to have acted the aggressor, that the Gittites descended upon the Ephraimites in a predatory excursion from Palestine, or that the Ephraimites made a raid into Palestine. Neither of these explanations is consistent with sound criticism, because the men of Gath are said to have been born in the land, that is, to have been settled in Egypt, as already shown, and the second one, which is adopted by Bunsen (Egypt's Place, 1, 177, 178), is inadmlissible on the ground that the verb used, יָרִד, "he went down," or "descended," is applicable to going into Egypt, but not to coming from it. The rabbinical idea that these sons of Ephraim went to take the Promised Land needs no refutation. (For these various theories, see Poole's Synopsis, in loc.) 3. (Sept. Βεριά v. r. Βαριγά.) A Benjamite, and apparently son of Elpaal; he, with his brother Shimea, were founders of Ajalon, and expelled the Gittites (1Ch 8:13). B.C. prob. 1612. His nine sons are enumerated in ver. 14-16. 4. (Sept. Βαριά v. r. Βεριά.) The last named of the four sons of Shimei, a Levite of the family of Gershom (1Ch 23:10). B.C. 1014. His posterity was not numerous (ver. 11). ← Beri Beriite →	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6646
__label__wiki	0.623804	0.623804	Defence Minister to visit China Hon Ron Mark Minister of Defence Ron Mark will depart for China tomorrow, 30 June, for a four-day visit to Beijing and Xi’an. This is the Minister’s first trip to China and builds on New Zealand’s positive defence relationship with the country. In Beijing, the Minister will meet with his Chinese counterpart, Minister of Defence, General Wei Fenghe and with the Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission, Air Chief Marshal Xu Qiliang. “China is a strategic partner for New Zealand. This visit is an opportunity to engage in discussion on matters of common concern such as the security implications of climate change, peacekeeping, and humanitarian and disaster relief activities. China is an important partner in these efforts and these are areas where we wish to co-operate further says Ron Mark. "My visit is an opportunity to review developments across our defence relationship which, in the last year, have included signing of a new logistics agreement between the two countries and multilateral engagement through the ADMM-Plus and at the Shangri-La Dialogue”. Minister Mark will also speak at the National Defence University where he will outline New Zealand’s defence priorities, security challenges, and areas for future co-operation to China’s future military leaders. “I also want to take this opportunity to not only build on our relationship, but to build our understanding of China. This goes hand in hand with strengthening our relationship.”	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6648
__label__wiki	0.953645	0.953645	sport, local-sport, Smythe, basketball, Braves, bendigo, William, Billy, McCauley, Cass WILLIAM Smythe admits he is still pinching himself following his selection in the Victorian Country under-18 team for the 2019 Australian Junior Championships. This time last year the now 16-year-old had never been picked in a state team and was playing with the Bendigo Braves under-18 B team. But following an impressive 12 months the blossoming Braves centre finds himself preparing for a national championships tilt in Townsville from April 13-20. Smythe is another classic example of when hard work pays off. The son of Braves junior coach Charlie Smythe, William – or ‘Billy’ – readily recalls being overlooked for selection in the Braves’ under-14 squads when he first tried out. A season later he won a place in the under-14 C team and has continued to steadily work his way through the grades and age groups en-route to becoming a state player. “That was where it really kicked off, that under-14 C team,” Smythe said. “I can say now that I wasn’t that good when I started out, but as the season have gone on I have developed. “I’m lucky to have had coaches get me to where I am …. I’ve always had goals.” Smythe credits much of his development from a Braves B to A squad member and now state representative to a switch in position. “When I was bottom age I didn’t play centre, I played more of a guard position, but I was still fairly tall at six foot three. I’m six foot seven now,” he said. “That growth spurt has led to a change in where I play. “But I also hit the stadium pretty hard, putting up a lot of shots, or anything else I could do to get better. “I have benefited from good advice from one of my coaches Kenny Day, he’s pretty much taken me under his wing and I have learnt so much from him. “My coaches this year Ben McCauley and Justin Cass have also had a big role in my success, and dad too. He’s always wanted me to succeed and spent a lot of time with me working on my game.” Smythe is coming off an impressive Bendigo Junior Classic tournament, where he averaged nearly 14 points for a Braves team, which made it to the grand final but was beaten by Ballarat Miners. His team-mate Dyson Daniels has also been picked in the Victoria Country team, while another Dylan McCauley has been selected as an emergency. READ MORE: Braves picked in Victoria Country under-18 squads for national championships in Townsville Long weekend of basketball at the Bendigo Stadium comes to an end, Braves teams win grand finals The Braves will be hoping to turn the tables on Ballarat when the state under-18 championships are contested in Bendigo this weekend. Smythe, a year 11-12 student at Bendigo Senior Secondary College, plans on making the most of his national championships opportunity. “Getting to play with and against the best (under-18) players is all you want to do,” he said. “It will be great having Dyson there – he’s a great player and a good team-mate. “I have played with him for a couple of seasons and against him a lot. “It’s going to be a very tough competition, but we will give it our best and should go pretty far in the tournament.” Have you signed up to the Bendigo Advertiser's daily newsletter and breaking news emails? You can register below and make sure you are up to date with everything that's happening in central Victoria. https://nnimgt-a.akamaihd.net/transform/v1/crop/frm/j98Hh85wiUB5yeTBh2fLTR/79d5347f-c65e-4689-a94f-1757937f1b4d.JPG/r0_301_6000_3691_w1200_h678_fmax.jpg February 11 2019 - 11:32AM William Smythe makes big leap into Victoria Country under-18 team KIERAN ILES William Smythe will represent Victoria Country under-18 team at the 2019 Australian Junior Championships in Townsville in April. Picture: KIERAN ILES WILLIAM Smythe admits he is still pinching himself following his selection in the Victorian Country under-18 team for the 2019 Australian Junior Championships. This time last year the now 16-year-old had never been picked in a state team and was playing with the Bendigo Braves under-18 B team. But following an impressive 12 months the blossoming Braves centre finds himself preparing for a national championships tilt in Townsville from April 13-20. Smythe is another classic example of when hard work pays off. The son of Braves junior coach Charlie Smythe, William – or ‘Billy’ – readily recalls being overlooked for selection in the Braves’ under-14 squads when he first tried out. A season later he won a place in the under-14 C team and has continued to steadily work his way through the grades and age groups en-route to becoming a state player. William Smythe “That was where it really kicked off, that under-14 C team,” Smythe said. “I can say now that I wasn’t that good when I started out, but as the season have gone on I have developed. “I’m lucky to have had coaches get me to where I am …. I’ve always had goals.” Smythe credits much of his development from a Braves B to A squad member and now state representative to a switch in position. “When I was bottom age I didn’t play centre, I played more of a guard position, but I was still fairly tall at six foot three. I’m six foot seven now,” he said. “That growth spurt has led to a change in where I play. “But I also hit the stadium pretty hard, putting up a lot of shots, or anything else I could do to get better. “I have benefited from good advice from one of my coaches Kenny Day, he’s pretty much taken me under his wing and I have learnt so much from him. “My coaches this year Ben McCauley and Justin Cass have also had a big role in my success, and dad too. He’s always wanted me to succeed and spent a lot of time with me working on my game.” Smythe is coming off an impressive Bendigo Junior Classic tournament, where he averaged nearly 14 points for a Braves team, which made it to the grand final but was beaten by Ballarat Miners. His team-mate Dyson Daniels has also been picked in the Victoria Country team, while another Dylan McCauley has been selected as an emergency. Braves picked in Victoria Country under-18 squads for national championships in Townsville Long weekend of basketball at the Bendigo Stadium comes to an end, Braves teams win grand finals The Braves will be hoping to turn the tables on Ballarat when the state under-18 championships are contested in Bendigo this weekend. Smythe, a year 11-12 student at Bendigo Senior Secondary College, plans on making the most of his national championships opportunity. “Getting to play with and against the best (under-18) players is all you want to do,” he said. “It will be great having Dyson there – he’s a great player and a good team-mate. “I have played with him for a couple of seasons and against him a lot. “It’s going to be a very tough competition, but we will give it our best and should go pretty far in the tournament.”	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6650
__label__wiki	0.997438	0.997438	news, local-news, birchip-watchem, football, drugs, wimmera, drug A Mallee-based football club have "drawn a line in the sand" on illicit drug use. Rumours have been rife after several Birchip-Watchem Football Club players were found to have taken drugs on Saturday after their match against Sea Lake-Nandaly Tigers. The Mail-Times understands the drugs were not performance-enhancing. President Andrew Frank said the players had made a "serious mistake", but the club would continue to stand by them and offer support. He would not talk about the specifics of the incident. "The blokes involved have broken a few team rules, and we've dealt with it and we're moving on," he said. "Every club should be keen to stamp out that stuff. We're a family football club and we want to encourage young blokes coming through to be great people on and off the field. "We've drawn a line in the sand and now we will move on." Mr Frank said the club did not have a drugs problem. "It's far from rife at the club; it's just a mistake made by a few blokes and we'll make sure we stamp it out," Mr Frank said. "I'd also like to clear up that there was not anything done before or during the game as some rumours are suggesting. That is not the case." Mr Frank said the club would take disciplinary action. "There may be suspensions. We have a week off (for the interleague bye). The players might get a couple of weeks off," Mr Frank said. "But at the end of the day, the football club is a family. We have to get behind each other and support them so they can be the future leaders of the club. "(The football club) is the most important thing in town. There's no better place for them than that team environment. "It's hard on them as much as anything. They're good lads, they've just mucked up and made a mistake." Mr Frank said the incident was reflective of society's relationship with illicit drugs. "I'd like to add it's a problem with society," Mr Frank said. "There are music festivals popping up everywhere and it's no wonder these young people aren't aware of what is allowed and what is not allowed. "I'll continue to vouch for these young fellas. They have learnt from their mistakes." Wimmera Drug Action Taskforce chairman Tim Shaw supported the club's decision to stand by the players. "These people need help. They don't need to be kicked out of the club," Mr Shaw said. "They need support and assistance." Mr Shaw said there was a wider concern about the prevalence of drugs within the sporting community. "There is a culture around it ... we've heard from sporting clubs in the Wimmera that they are concerned about illegal drugs," he said. "We will continue to make clubs aware that they have a duty of care ... to make sure any illegal drug use is tackled." AFL Wimmera-Mallee general manager Bruce Petering said sporting clubs could be a positive force in people's lives. "It would be naive to think there isn't drugs at some of our football and netball clubs. The clubs are a part of society and that is the reality of broader society," Mr Petering said. "Clubs are generally very good at looking after the welfare of their players. Something I know, talking to club presidents and league people ... something we have to be better at is educating our players on the effects and the harm of drug taking." A forum about tackling illegal drugs in sport supported by the Wimmera Drug Action Taskforce and the Wimmera Regional Sports Assembly was in Horsham in February. "There have been a number of education forums over the last few years," Mr Petering said. "It's just about education and helping clubs understand these issues." League officials from the North Central Football League could not be contacted for comment. Have you signed up to the Bendigo Advertiser's daily newsletter and breaking news emails? You can register below and make sure you are up to date with everything that's happening in central Victoria. https://nnimgt-a.akamaihd.net/transform/v1/crop/frm/richard.crabtree/aed46907-974a-413b-95d1-caf11b69c022.jpg/r1074_319_1693_669_w1200_h678_fmax.jpg Birchip-Watchem Football Club incident puts drugs in the spotlight Richard Crabtree Birchip-Watchem guernsey. A Mallee-based football club have "drawn a line in the sand" on illicit drug use. Rumours have been rife after several Birchip-Watchem Football Club players were found to have taken drugs on Saturday after their match against Sea Lake-Nandaly Tigers. The Mail-Times understands the drugs were not performance-enhancing. President Andrew Frank said the players had made a "serious mistake", but the club would continue to stand by them and offer support. He would not talk about the specifics of the incident. "The blokes involved have broken a few team rules, and we've dealt with it and we're moving on," he said. "Every club should be keen to stamp out that stuff. We're a family football club and we want to encourage young blokes coming through to be great people on and off the field. "We've drawn a line in the sand and now we will move on." Birchip-Watchem's president wanted to dismiss some rumours. Mr Frank said the club did not have a drugs problem. "It's far from rife at the club; it's just a mistake made by a few blokes and we'll make sure we stamp it out," Mr Frank said. "I'd also like to clear up that there was not anything done before or during the game as some rumours are suggesting. That is not the case." Mr Frank said the club would take disciplinary action. "There may be suspensions. We have a week off (for the interleague bye). The players might get a couple of weeks off," Mr Frank said. "But at the end of the day, the football club is a family. We have to get behind each other and support them so they can be the future leaders of the club. "(The football club) is the most important thing in town. There's no better place for them than that team environment. "It's hard on them as much as anything. They're good lads, they've just mucked up and made a mistake." Mr Frank said the incident was reflective of society's relationship with illicit drugs. "I'd like to add it's a problem with society," Mr Frank said. "There are music festivals popping up everywhere and it's no wonder these young people aren't aware of what is allowed and what is not allowed. "I'll continue to vouch for these young fellas. They have learnt from their mistakes." Wimmera Drug Action Taskforce chairman Tim Shaw. Wimmera Drug Action Taskforce chairman Tim Shaw supported the club's decision to stand by the players. "These people need help. They don't need to be kicked out of the club," Mr Shaw said. "They need support and assistance." Mr Shaw said there was a wider concern about the prevalence of drugs within the sporting community. "There is a culture around it ... we've heard from sporting clubs in the Wimmera that they are concerned about illegal drugs," he said. "We will continue to make clubs aware that they have a duty of care ... to make sure any illegal drug use is tackled." AFL Wimmera-Mallee general manager Bruce Petering said sporting clubs could be a positive force in people's lives. Bruce Petering. "It would be naive to think there isn't drugs at some of our football and netball clubs. The clubs are a part of society and that is the reality of broader society," Mr Petering said. "Clubs are generally very good at looking after the welfare of their players. Something I know, talking to club presidents and league people ... something we have to be better at is educating our players on the effects and the harm of drug taking." A forum about tackling illegal drugs in sport supported by the Wimmera Drug Action Taskforce and the Wimmera Regional Sports Assembly was in Horsham in February. "There have been a number of education forums over the last few years," Mr Petering said. "It's just about education and helping clubs understand these issues." League officials from the North Central Football League could not be contacted for comment.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6651
__label__wiki	0.666443	0.666443	What if history had BIM? Part Two: The Great Pyramids What if BIM was employed when the pyramids were built? The great pyramids in Egypt are considered to be among mankind's greatest achievements, and their construction during the ancient past only makes them more impressive and awe-inspiring. The pyramid of Khufu, more widely known as the Great Pyramid of Giza, is the only one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World to survive intact, and a great deal of mystery and speculation still surrounds the questions of how, why, and even when it was constructed. Most Egyptologists agree that the Great Pyramid, which is both the oldest and the largest of the three pyramids of Giza, was built in roughly 2650 BC, during Egypt's Fourth Dynasty. It is also a generally held belief that it was constructed as an elaborate tomb for the pharaoh Khufu, also known as Cheops. Originally 146 metres high, it now stands at 138 metres due to the removal of the outer casing stones around the peak. Each of its four sides is 230 metres in length, and 2.3 million limestone blocks are estimated to have been used in its construction, weighing between two and 80 tons each. The pyramid slopes upwards at an angle of 51 degrees and is aligned to true north. If the ancient Egyptians had used building information modelling (BIM) when constructing the pyramids, then we would expect to at least have a better idea of how they achieved this incredible feat. Indeed, it could be suggested that ancient Egyptians used a similar methodology to BIM, with client, designers, architect, and construction teams all working together on site at the same time. They may have even built a physical model of the pyramid to scale on-site, before actual construction began. The advantage of BIM is that it facilitates collaboration and communication throughout the life cycle of a project. Given that the construction of the Great Pyramid alone is thought to have taken between 10 and 20 years, BIM would certainly have been extremely useful in terms of keeping track of the project, and may also have sped up the process as a result. If the initial 3-D model survived, we would now have answers to some of the mysteries that surround the construction of the pyramids and the purposes of the internal chambers, tunnels, and corridors. During the 1990s, Jean-Pierre Houdin created a fully-functional CAD architectural model of the Great Pyramid to support his theory that a regular external ramp was used to build the first 30% of the structure, and that internal ramps were used to construct the remainder. Houdin's theories are by no means universally accepted however, and CAD modelling is relatively primitive compared to the data-rich 3-D digital modelling process offered by BIM. Perhaps using BIM, even now, would help us to better understand the methods by which this astonishing achievement was made. Changing constellations Another advantage of BIM is that it can simulate how the structure will be affected by the passing of time, for instance the changing of the seasons and the position of the sun throughout the day. This would be especially useful in considering the pyramids in relation to the gradually changing positions of the stars. Some think that the three Great Pyramids are aligned with the constellation of Orion, for instance, albeit as they appeared in 10,000BC, over 7000 years before the oldest of the pyramids is believed to have been constructed. Less controversially, it is a fact that the Great Pyramid is aligned to true north with an astonishing degree of accuracy. This is even more amazing when you realise that at the time of its construction, there was no pole star from which to judge true north. Yet the alignment of the Great Pyramid is more accurate than that of the Meridian Building at Greenwich observatory, which deviates from true north by 9/60th of a degree, compared to just 3/60th of a degree in the case of the Great Pyramid. It is believed that Egyptian astronomers observed the movements of two stars on each side of the celestial 'pole' and waited until they perfectly aligned along that pole in 2467 BC. BIM would certainly have provided an easier method of configuring the pyramid to true north, though whether the resulting accuracy could be improved upon is debatable. Certainly, the use of BIM technology would have helped in terms of mapping out the location with aerial photography and digital elevation. The Great Pyramid is built on a 13.1-acre site levelled to within a fraction of an inch. BIM would also have made it far easier to calculate the angle required for the structure. It seems that the ancient Egyptians developed their own techniques through trial and error over several generations, as demonstrated by earlier attempts such as the Bent Pyramid at Dashur, which rises at 54 degrees until the top section, where the angle changes to 43 degrees. It is believed that the builders changed the angle through necessity when the construction started to show signs of collapse. The use of building information modelling would have prevented the need for this, as all such calculations would have been present in the digital model before actual construction began. BIM would also have helped make the construction process more efficient by calculating the precise amount of labour and materials required. Herodotus originally stated that the Great Pyramid took 20 years to build using 100,000 slaves, but modern researchers now believe that it was actually built by a smaller number of skilled workers who were paid for their services: 14-40,000 over a period of 10-14 years. We do not know for certain exactly how the pyramids were constructed, but their scale and accuracy is breath-taking considering the primitive methods available at the time. It's little wonder that far-fetched theories concerning inspiration from older, vanished societies possessed of advanced technology continue to circulate. One might fancifully speculate that the architects of Atlantis possessed a form of BIM and passed this on to the Egyptians before their secrets were lost forever. We can be sure that any attempt to build the pyramids today would certainly use building information modelling in order to achieve the same degree of accuracy and efficiency the ancient Egyptians demonstrated over 4000 years ago. Source: http://constructible.trimble.co.uk/blog/what-if-history-had-bim-part-two-the-great-pyramids BIM to save the gap between old tunned and new trains Transport for London (TFL) became one of the Reality Modelling finalists projects for its model on the Piccadilly line BIM: The new methodology that can help building a new Brazil TRANSAIR® has chosen BIM&CO to manage its BIM objects and make its data available to professionals First in the field of conception of aluminium and stainless steel nets for the transport of industrial fluids: a simple, flexible and practical BIM solution	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6652
__label__cc	0.744308	0.255692	ICBA donates over 500 kg of dates to Emirates Red Crescent In keeping with the spirit of the Year of Zayed, the International Center for Biosaline Agriculture (ICBA) has donated more than 500 kg of dates to the Emirates Red Crescent. ICBA, South Korean agriculture agency join forces for biosaline R&D Today the International Center for Biosaline Agriculture (ICBA) and South Korea’s Rural Development Administration (RDA) formed a strategic partnership to work on advanced knowledge and technology exchange for biosaline research and development in the UAE and South Korea. ICBA staffer wins MIT communication program scholarship Mr. Showkat Nabi Rather, Journalism and Media Outreach Specialist at the International Center for Biosaline Agriculture (ICBA), has recently won a scholarship to do a program in persuasive communication for technology professionals at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge, USA. ICBA contributes books to Mohammed Bin Rashid Library The International Center for Biosaline Agriculture (ICBA) has contributed a number of seminal scientific books from its collection to the How salt-loving grasses can help tackle salinity and boost forage production in UAE Soil and water salinity are a big problem in many parts of the UAE due to intensive desalination, including in agriculture, and seawater intrusion into aquifers. So much so that some farmers prefer to abandon their salt-degraded lands as traditional crops fail. The problem poses challenges to national efforts to enhance food security and self-sufficiency through local production. Seed isles in Uzbek desert After a four-hour drive south-westwards from Tashkent, Uzbekistan’s capital, we find ourselves surrounded by empty rolled hills in the intense summer sun in the Mugol village, Jizzakh Region. As we get off the main road and drive through a snake-shaped route made of crushed gravel stones, we arrive at a farmer’s fenced land, covered with sun-baked withered grass, mildly shaking in the breeze. Salt-tolerant plants best bet to fight salinity in Ethiopia - study Salt-tolerant and halophytic (salt-loving) plants are just the job for addressing soil and water salinity in Ethiopia, a new study led by the International Center for Biosaline Agriculture (ICBA) has suggested. ICBA and partners share five years of water management success in Euphrates-Tigris river basin Over 45 participants, representing various government, national and international organizations, came together in Jordan today to share key achievements of the five-year project titled Collaborative Programme Euphrates and Tigris (CPET). UAE Minister of State for Future Food Security approves ICBA’s new board of directors In line with a resolution issued by Her Excellency Mariam bint Mohammed Almheiri, UAE Minister of State for Future Food Security, a new Board of Directors has been appointed at the International Center for Biosaline Agriculture (ICBA) with immediate effect. Scientists see untapped potential in UAE’s national tree Ghaf (Prosopis cineraria), a flowering tree, holds great promise for combating desertification and improving soil fertility in arid environments thanks to its unique qualities, long-term research by the International Center for Biosaline Agriculture (ICBA) suggests.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6653
__label__wiki	0.886244	0.886244	This is how many more hospital beds health bosses say we need on the Fylde coast to cope with winter Work to open up more beds at Clifton Hospital in St Annes was underway, as health bosses admitted we need 40 extra beds on the Fylde coast to cope with the expected winter pressures Published: 09:03 Wednesday 24 October 2018 More hospital beds are needed on the Fylde coast to cope with the upcoming winter, health bosses have admitted. There were 896 beds at Blackpool Victoria Hospital and Clifton Hospital in St Annes last year – 165 fewer than a decade ago when the likes of Rossall, Wesham, and Bispham hospitals were open. Professor Mark O’Donnell, the medical director at Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, which runs the hospitals, said “a further 40 beds to manage winter pressures” were needed, documents showed. Berenice Groves, an executive director heading up the local NHS plan for winter, said bosses were “planning to increase the hospital beds available both in the acute and community including an extra 19 beds at Clifton Hospital.” A lack of beds can have a severe impact on A&E – where patients can be left waiting, in some cases in corridors, for one to become available. Last winter, the Vic was shamed as the worst in England for the amount of people left waiting in casualty for more than four hours, with just 40.1 per cent seen within that time in December. The national average was 77.3 per cent, and no other trust was below 57. While many blamed the government for under funding the health service, many questioned why our trust was significantly worse than any other. Earlier this year, six ‘discharge facilitators’ were brought in to help free up beds occupied by patients ready to go home but unable to because they are waiting for equipment or care plans. Ms Groves added: “At the hospital we know that one of the key problems is the number of people coming to the emergency department which is made worse by delays in discharging people from hospital and how this affects the flow of patients through the system.” Little Alba who was born with TGA enjoys charity fun day with her friends who also have heart defects to raise funds for Alder Hey and Healing Little Hearts	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6654
__label__wiki	0.752409	0.752409	Study Resources :: Dictionaries :: Harlot Dictionaries :: Harlot Vine's Expository Dictionary of New Testament Words Harlot: (1.) Heb. zonah (Gen 34:31; 38:15). In verses 21, 22 the Hebrew word used in kedeshah, i.e., a woman consecrated or devoted to prostitution in connection with the abominable worship of Asherah or Astarte, the Syrian Venus. This word is also used in Deu 23:17; Hsa 4:14. Thus Tamar sat by the wayside as a consecrated kedeshah. It has been attempted to show that Rahab, usually called a "harlot" (Jos 2:1; 6:17; Hbr 11:31; Jam 2:25), was only an innkeeper. This interpretation, however, cannot be maintained. Jephthah's mother is called a "strange woman" (Jdg 11:2). This, however, merely denotes that she was of foreign extraction. In the time of Solomon harlots appeared openly in the streets, and he solemnly warns against association with them (Pro 7:12; See also Jer 3:2; Eze 16:24,25,31). The Revised Version, following the LXX., has "and the harlots washed," etc., instead of the rendering of the Authorized Version, "now they washed," of 1Ki 22:38. To commit fornication is metaphorically used for to practice idolatry (Jer 3:1; Eze 16:15; Hos. throughout); hence Jerusalem is spoken of as a harlot (Isa 1:21). (2.) Heb. nokriyah, the "strange woman" (1Ki 11:1; Pro 5:20; 7:5; 23:27). Those so designated were Canaanites and other Gentiles (Jos 23:13). To the same class belonged the "foolish", i.e., the sinful, "woman." In the New Testament the Greek pornai, plural, "harlots," occurs in Mat 21:31,32, where they are classed with publicans; Luk 15:30; 1Cr 6:15,16; Hbr 11:31; Jam 2:25. It is used symbolically in Rev 17:1, 5, 15, 16; 19:2. har'-lot: This name replaces in the Revised Version (British and American) "whore" of the King James Version. It stands for several words and phrases used to designate or describe the unchaste woman, married or unmarried, e.g. zonah, ishshah nokhriyah, qedheshah; Septuagint and New Testament porne. porneia is used chiefly of prenuptial immorality, but the married woman guilty of sexual immorality is said to be guilty of porneia (Mt 5:32; 19:9; compare Am 7:17 Septuagint). These and cognate words are applied especially in the Old Testament to those devoted to immoral service in idol sanctuaries, or given over to a dissolute life for gain. Such a class existed among all ancient peoples, and may be traced in the history of Israel. Evidence of its existence in very early times is found (Ge 38). It grew out of conditions, sexual and social, which were universal. After the corrupting foreign influxes and influences of Solomon's day, it developed to even fuller shamelessness, and its voluptuous songs (Isa 23:16), seductive arts (Pr 6:24), and blighting influence are vividly pictured and denounced by the prophets (Pr 7:10; 29:3; Isa 23:16; Jer 3:3; 5:7; Eze 16:25; compare De 23:17). Money was lavished upon women of this class, and the weak and unwary were taken captive by them, so that it became one of the chief concerns of the devout father in Israel to "keep (his son) from the evil woman," who "hunteth for the precious life" (Pr 6:24,26). From the title given her in Prov, a "foreign woman" (23:27), and the warnings against "the flattery of the foreigner's tongue" (6:24; compare 1Ki 11:1; Ezr 10:2), we may infer that in later times this class was chiefly made up of strangers from without. The whole subject must be viewed in the setting of the times. Even in Israel, then, apart from breaches of marriage vows, immoral relations between the sexes were deemed venial (De 22:28 f). A man was forbidden to compel his daughter to sin (Le 19:29), to "profane (her) and make her a harlot," but she was apparently left free to take that way herself (compare Ge 38). The children of the harlot, though, were outlawed (De 23:2), and later the harlot is found under the sternest social ban (Mt 21:31,32). The subject takes on even a darker hue when viewed in the light of the hideous conditions that prevailed in ancient Syria affecting this practice. The harlot represented more than a social peril and problem. She was a qedheshah, one of a consecrated class, and as such was the concrete expression and agent of the most insidious and powerful influence and system menacing the purity and permanence of the religion of Yahweh. This system deified the reproductive organs and forces of Nature and its devotees worshipped their idol symbols in grossly licentious rites and orgies. The temple prostitute was invested with sanctity as a member of the religious caste, as she is today in India. Men and women thus prostituted themselves in the service of their gods. The Canaanite sanctuaries were gigantic brothels, legalized under the sanctions of religion. For a time, therefore, the supreme religious question was whether such a cult should be established and allowed to naturalize itself in Israel, as it had done in Babylon (Herodotus i.199) and in Greece (Strabo viii.6). That the appeal thus made to the baser passions of the Israelites was all too successful is sadly clear (Am 2:7; Ho 4:13 ). The prophets give vivid pictures of the syncretizing of the worship of Baal and Astarte with that of Yahweh and the extent to which the local sanctuaries were given over to this form of corruption. They denounced it as the height of impiety and as sure to provoke Divine judgments. Asa and Jehoshaphat undertook to purge the land of such vile abominations (1Ki 14:24; 15:12; 22:46). The Deuteronomic code required that all such "paramours" be banished, and forbade the use of their unholy gains as temple revenue (De 23:17,18. Driver's note). The Levitical law forbade a priest to take a harlot to wife (Le 21:7). and commanded that the daughter of a priest who played the harlot should be burned (Le 21:9). See ASHTORETH; IMAGES; IDOLATRY. It is grimly significant that the prophets denounce spiritual apostasy as "harlotry" (the King James Version "whoredom"). But it would seem that the true ethical attitude toward prostitution was unattainable so long as marriage was in the low, transitional stage mirrored in the Old Testament; though the religion of Yahweh was in a measure delivered from the threatened peril by the fiery discipline of the exile. In New Testament times, a kindred danger beset the followers of Christ, especially in Greece and Asia Minor (Ac 15:20,29; Ro 1:24 ff; 1Co 6:9 ff; Ga 5:19). That lax views of sexual morality were widely prevalent in the generation in which Christ lived is evident both from His casual references to the subject and from His specific teaching in answer to questions concerning adultery and divorce (compare Josephus, Ant, IV, viii, 23; Vita, section 76; Sirach 7:26; 25:26; 42:9, and the Talm). The ideas of the times were debased by the prevalent polygamous customs, "it being of old permitted to the Jews to marry many wives" (Josephus, BJ, I, xxiv, 2; compare Ant, XVII, i, 2). The teaching of Jesus was in sharp contrast with the low ideals and the rabbinical teaching of the times. The controversy on this question waxed hot between the two famous rival rabbinical schools. Hillel reduced adultery to the level of the minor faults. Shammai opposed his teaching as immoral in tendency. kata pasan aitian (Mt 19:3), gives incidental evidence of the nature of the controversy. It was characteristic of the teaching of Jesus that He went to the root of the matter, making this sin to consist in "looking on a woman to lust after her." Nor did He confine Himself to the case of the married. The general character of the terms in Mt 5:28, pas ho blepon, forbids the idea that gunaika, and emoicheusen, are to be limited to post-nuptial sin with a married woman. On the other hand it is a characteristic part of the work of Jesus to rescue the erring woman from the merciless clutches of the Pharisaic tribunal, and to bring her within the pale of mercy and redemption (Mt 21:31,32). He everywhere leaned to the side of mercy in dealing with such cases, as is indicated by the traditional and doubtless true narrative found in the accepted text of the Fourth Gospel (Joh 7:53-8:11). Written by George B. Eager 1 Strong's Number: g4204 Greek: porne "a prostitute, harlot" (from pernemi, "to sell"), is used (a) literally, in Mat 21:31, 32, of those who were the objects of the mercy shown by Christ; in Luk 15:30, of the life of the Prodigal; in 1Cr 6:15, 16, in a warning to the Corinthian church against the prevailing licentiousness which had made Corinth a byword; in Hbr 11:31; Jam 2:25, of Rahab; (b) metaphorically, of mystic Babylon, Rev 17:1, 5 (AV, "harlots"), 15, 16; 19:2, RV, for AV, "whore." That this class of persons existed in the earliest states of society is clear from Genesis 38:15 Rahab (Joshua 2:1) is said by the Chald. Paraphr. to have been an innkeeper; but if there were such persons, considering what we know of Canaanitish morals (Leviticus 18:27) we may conclude that they would, if women, have been of this class. The "harlots" are classed with "publicans," as those who lay under the ban of society, in the New Testament (Matthew 21:32).	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6657
__label__wiki	0.750989	0.750989	Here's The Stupid Way Someone Got Caught Cheating On The Bar Exam Gus Lubin New York Court of Appeals (Wiki) A few weeks after he took the New York State Bar Exam, Gary Jones* received an alarming call from Albany regarding “credible evidence of cheating.” Don’t worry, the investigator from the Bar Association told him, he was not a suspect; it was the guy who sat next to him. Apparently, the suspect had blundered into a basic precaution on the qualification test for lawyers: multiple versions of the same test. The suspect set off a red flag when his multiple choice answers scored much better on an alternate version of the test. When investigators checked his seating location, they found that he was sitting across from someone who had that version of the test, namely Jones. When they compared the two tests, it was apparent that he had copied from Jones. The investigator from the Bar Association questioned Jones for 90 minutes on the phone. The investigator wanted to know, among other questions, whether Jones had noticed the alleged cheater (Jones could only vaguely describe him); whether the proctor had walked down the aisle during the test (he had); whether Jones had said anything before the test that would have conveyed that he went to a top law school (he hadn’t). Finally, Jones was asked to sign an affidavit. If the investigation goes to court, he may be required to testify. We don’t know what will happen to the suspect, but clearly he doesn’t deserve to be a lawyer. What really shocked Jones was that the suspect would copy his answers without knowing anything about him. “He must have been really desperate,” Jones told me. One of the hardest bar exams, the New York Bar Exam in February had a 75% pass rate for first-time test takers from accredited schools and a 50% pass rate for all candidates. *Name changed to protect privacy. bar exam cheating clusterstock-contributor education-contributor law-contributor law-us new york	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6659
__label__wiki	0.870555	0.870555	Trump's $25 billion wall would be nearly impossible to build, according to architects Leanna Garfield Jan. 14, 2017, 8:55 AM Trump speaks as Clinton listens during their third and final 2016 presidential campaign debate at UNLV in Las Vegas. In early January, President-elect Donald Trump revived his promise to build a wall along the Mexico-US border (as well as his disdain for the media). "Dishonest media says Mexico won't be paying for the wall if they pay a little later so the wall can be built more quickly. Media is fake!" he tweeted on January 9. The incoming administration may ask US Congress (and taxpayers) to foot the wall's bill, according to Republican lawmakers. Trump, however, said that Mexico would eventually pay for the project and reimburse the US. He and House Republicans are developing plans to fund the wall using taxpayer money through a 2006 law that put up 700 miles of barriers along the southern US border. A substantial part of Trump's campaign focused on "the wall" and a deportation-centric, closed immigration policy. But now that he has won the election, it's still uncertain how anyone will actually build the 1,954-mile-long border wall. Business Insider consulted a few architects to get some perspective on this question. They say the project would be nearly impossible (or, at the very least, unrealistic and a drain on US resources). Here are their reasons. The cost will be huge. As CityLab points out, Trump is pledging to construct the largest infrastructure project since the US highway system and the Erie Canal. He has shared few logistic details about how it will be built, except that Mexico will eventually pay for it (though, Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto said his country refuses to foot the estimated $25 billion construction cost), after the US starts the construction. This giant price tag makes the project immediately infeasible, Rosa Sheng, a senior architect at the San Francisco-based firm Bohlin Cywinski Jackson, tells Business Insider. "The US [is] currently as a $19-plus trillion deficit. Rather than spending our country's resources on building a wall, we should be focusing our energy on building bridges — both literal and figurative," she says. This includes "infrastructure improvements and transportation in major cities that support interstate supply chains, and alternative green energy production that will address not only climate change, but also challenge our dependency on fossil fuels." A boy looks at a fence that is part of a section of the U.S.-Mexico border wall at Sunland Park, U.S. opposite the Mexican border city of Ciudad Juarez, Mexico, September 9, 2016. Picture taken from the Mexico side of the U.S.-Mexico border. Reuters/Jose Luis Gonzalez Historically, we have seen that building a wall requires a significant amount of money and time, Sheng adds. The Great Wall of China, for example, resulted in 400,000 deaths of the soldiers and convicts who built it. "At such a great cost, we have to ask ourselves, 'could we be putting our country's economic and material resources to better use?'" she says. The wall challenges the ethics of architecture. William J. Martin, a freelance architect, says Trump's wall refutes the philosophy of architecture in and of itself. "Architects design walls, not as barriers, but as a way to organize space," he tells BI. "Architects include features such as doors and windows which allow people to move through, and light to illuminate the other side." Members of the American Institute of Architects (AIA) and the American Society of Civil Engineers, which include architects and engineers around the country, are both bound by codes of ethics, which might conflict with building a border-wall. The codes include statements like, "Members should uphold human rights in all their professional endeavors" and "exercise unprejudiced and unbiased judgment." With the new year, a number of AIA members have left the organization, in response to the letter by the its VP, Robert Ivy. He said the AIA was "committed to working with President-elect Trump," which resulted in widespread backlash from its members. People hold flags on the Mexican side of the border fence between Ciudad Juarez and El Paso, United States while they take part at the banks of the Rio Bravo in a bi-national Mass in support of migrants and to pray for migrants who died trying to cross illegally into the U.S, in Ciudad Juarez, Mexico November 5, 2016. "The [American Institute of Architects] does not dictate what clients members can accept," Cornelius DuBois, chair of the AIA national ethics committee, told CityLab. "However, there are a number of points in the Code of Ethics that should encourage [members] to think of the ethical challenges of accepting a commission or project. And it is by no means certain that an architect would even be involved in designing such a wall, which is primarily an engineering project." Sheng believes that Trump isn't even serious about building a physical wall. She understood his frequent mentions of "the wall" as a rhetorical campaign strategy. "Even if we were able to temporarily suspend the philosophical arguments of what building a wall represents (i.e. if we were to pretend that everyone would be in favor of doing such a thing), other practical questions arise as well," she says. Building a wall would pose construction challenges. Buildings in Nogales, Mexico (R) are separated by a border fence from Nogales, Arizona, United Sates, October 9, 2016. Reuters/Mike Blake The US-Mexico border stretches almost 2,000 miles, and about 650 miles already have vehicle and pedestrian fencing, according to a 2016 report from the US Government Accountability Office. To build a wall on top of that would be a redundant use of resources, Sheng says. Building Trump's wall may require about 339 million cubic feet of concrete, or three times what was used to build the Hoover Dam, according to the IB Times. There are also reasons why certain parts of the border that don't have fences: they are rocky, uneven, and arid, Mexican architects from Estudio 3.14 told BI. Added complications of the mountainous areas near the US-Mexico border mean that the wall would cost even more time and money to build in these parts. Estudio 3.14's designers estimate the construction would take 16 years, and made renderings of what the wall, stretching from the Pacific Coast to the Gulf of Mexico, might look like. The architects said that the physical challenges would make its construction nearly impossible. Estudio 3.14's vision for Donald Trump's proposed wall along the Mexico-US border. Agustin Avalos/Estudio 314 To redesign the US-Mexico border, there are better alternatives than constructing a wall. A wall is not the only option when it comes to building on the border. Many architects are thinking critically about how to design border control stations that are both secure and humane. For example, the Arizona-based firm Jones Studio designed a station along the Arizona-Mexico border, called the Mariposa Land Port of Entry. "The Mariposa Land Port of Entry is a study in balancing security with a dignified welcome ... and strives to be a cultural connection - rather than a division," the designers wrote. The Mariposa Land Port of Entry on the Arizona-Mexico border by Jones Studio. Jones Studio/Facebook Constructed in 2014, the 216,000-square-foot port features a vehicle and pedestrian processing station, a lush garden, and a system that allows it to collect, use, and recycle rainwater. "There's an opportunity for architects to leverage design to make more humane entry control points," Sheng says. "Just a wall by itself is not an act of humanity." SEE ALSO: Mexican designers show that Trump's proposed $25 billion wall would be impossible to build More: BI Innovation Trump Immigration Policy These are the programming languages that are used by America's most valuable startups, from Airbnb to WeWork A 26-year-old CEO borrowed this smart strategy from Uber to conquer new markets and help raise $340 million The CEO of $4 billion Kantar explains why it plans to acquire e-commerce and other data companies after being spun off from ad giant WPP	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6660
__label__cc	0.563708	0.436292	Home Business Riegel: Making sense of the MovEBR management contracts Riegel: Making sense of the MovEBR management contracts Daily Report Staff How, exactly, will the city-parish and its two program management teams of 16 engineering and consulting firms—that’s right, 16—efficiently and effectively oversee Mayor Sharon Weston Broome’s nearly $1.2 billion MovEBR roads improvement program? That is the main question, writes Business Report Editor Stephanie Reigel in her latest column. To their credit, officials in Broome’s administration, namely Assistant Chief Administrative Officer Kelvin Hill, have been patient, accessible and transparent in sharing their plans with Riegel, she writes, trying to explain why having so many firms involved in this program is a good thing. However, even with Hill and the administration’s help, it’s just not adding up yet. To back up: Earlier this year, the administration decided to divide the long list of projects in the 30-year MovEBR roads tax program into two groups that would be overseen by two separate program managers. This was done to satisfy both those concerned about keeping costs down and those who wanted to ensure lots of local participation by small and minority businesses in the parish’s largest public works project ever. It may have been done with the best of intentions, but you know what they say about the road to hell. As it turns out, a team led by CSRS was selected to oversee the $800 million in “capacity improvement” projects—things like road widenings and expansions—and has negotiated a contract with its seven subcontractors worth $7.5 million for the first 18 months. A team led by Stantec, meanwhile, was chosen to manage the $300 million or so in “community enhancement” projects—sidewalks, bike paths, landscaping and such—and has negotiated with its eight subcontractors a $5.6 million contract for the first 18 months. Now, the two contracts are before the Metro Council for approval, and while council members don’t seem bothered with questions about what appears to be a really cumbersome structure, Reigel still wants some clarification. Read her full column, packed full of the administration’s answers to Riegel’s questions. Send comments to editor@businessreport.com.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6662
__label__wiki	0.966788	0.966788	How Many Faithless Electors Voted For John Kasich? Donald Trump's Former Rival Didn't Do So Well By Natasha Guzmán Scott Olson/Getty Images News/Getty Images Although the Governor of Ohio was one of the most popular alternatives toted by anti-Donald-Trump Republicans, John Kasich received just one Electoral College vote on Monday. While electors' votes are secret, Christopher Suprun of Texas, who recently captured the public's attention by becoming the first Republican elector to declare he'd be voting against Trump, published an editorial for The Hill revealing that Kasich would get his vote. "Never in American history has a president-elect presented more conflict of interest questions and foreign entanglements than Donald Trump," he wrote. "Surely, electors have a constitutional duty if, after the popular vote but before the electoral vote, there emerges credible evidence that they are electing someone who is constitutionally ineligible to serve as President." Suprun first mentioned Kasich's name in the New York Times op-ed in which he announced his intention to be faithless. "I believe electors should unify behind a Republican alternative, an honorable and qualified man or woman such as Gov. John Kasich of Ohio," he said. The day following Suprun's article, Kasich posted a statement on Twitter asking electors not to send their votes his way. "I am not a candidate for president and ask that electors not vote for me when they gather later this month," he wrote. "Our country had an election and Donald Trump won. The country is divided and there are certainly raw emotions on both sides stemming from the election. But this approach, as well meaning as it is, will only serve to further divide our nation, when unity is what we need." NBC News on YouTube Suprun was in favor of leaving the final decision of electing the next United States president to the House of Representatives. The mostly-Democrat "Hamilton Electors" spent weeks working toward the same goal, though with a different result in mind. Whereas Suprun hoped enough electors would turn away from Trump to cause his electoral count to sink below the required 270 so that the Republican-controlled House would get the opportunity vote for a more conventional candidate, the Hamilton Electors believed their chances of persuading four Republican House members (the number of defections needed for a Clinton Victory) to vote Democrat was greater than convincing 37 conservative electors to go blue. Since sending it to the House would have given the Republicans 29 votes versus the Democratic Party's 21, Suprun's preferred course of action would actually not have been so outlandish. It would have required widespread Republican cooperation, however — first to get electors on board, and then to get House members on the same page. Overall, there were seven faithless electors in 2016 — five Democrats and two Republicans. Both Republican defectiors hailed from Texas, including Suprun's vote for Kasich and one ballot for Ron Paul.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6664
__label__wiki	0.939631	0.939631	GUNNARSSON EXTENDS CITY DEAL Mark Denham (@MarkDen_CCFC) Cardiff City Football Club is delighted to announce that Aron Gunnarsson has put pen to paper on a new deal that will keep him at Cardiff City Stadium until the summer of 2018. Aron will return for pre-season training later this month before embarking on his fifth campaign as a Bluebird. The incumbent Iceland Skipper originally signed for Cardiff City in the summer of 2011, from former club Coventry City. The Bluebirds’ third longest-serving current player behind Peter Whittingham and David Marshall, Aron has made 168 appearances for the Club in all competitions, scoring 18 goals to date. Speaking exclusively to cardiffcityfc.co.uk from his native Iceland on Tuesday, Aron said: “I’m very happy to be committing my future to Cardiff City Football Club. “I’ve enjoyed some fantastic times already during the four seasons I’ve been here and look forward to many more as we aim to push on next season and beyond. “I’d like to thank the City fans for their support and look forward to getting back out there with the rest of the lads for pre-season. "We’re all going to be looking to hit the ground running and I’m delighted that I’ve been able to sort out my future ahead of returning next month so that my focus can be fully on the task in hand." We’d like to take this opportunity to thank Aron for his continued efforts for our Football Club.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6666
__label__cc	0.73395	0.26605	Are Website “Terms of Service” Enforceable Under California Law? We live in a digitally connected world, and though the legal landscape has failed to adapt to the internet age in many cases, the application of foundational contract law to digital agreements has been relatively smooth and quite competent across jurisdictional lines, leading to somewhat uniform legal policy on digital agreements from state-to-state. If you've spent any amount of time online (or even with offline software), you've almost certainly encountered a type of digital agreement known as a "Terms of Service" (TOS) agreement - or, alternatively, the "Terms of Use" - though it may not be immediately obvious to you just how wide-reaching these agreements can be. Most web users ignore TOS agreements. When the agreement is hidden away in a separate hyperlink, the vast majority simply avoid reading through it. When the agreement is actually forced on the user, the vast majority simply click-through the confirmation screens without worrying about the content of the agreement. Users just want to get to the good stuff, and perhaps rightfully so! Online shoppers don't necessarily want to read about arbitration clauses and liquidated damages when they're just looking to purchase a new outfit or television set. Of course, not all digital agreements - and TOS agreements, by extension - govern minor transactions. Depending on the nature of the website and your use of the website, the TOS agreement could apply to quite significant transactions involving goods and services worth millions. The key to understanding TOS agreements is to understand that they are not necessarily unique in their formulation or their terms. TOS agreements can be as diverse as any other contract. One TOS agreement may require that all users accept that any potential legal dispute will be subject to mandatory arbitration, while another TOS agreement may provide for voluntary arbitration. The TOS agreement of a social networking site may force users to relinquish the copyright to uploaded artworks, while the TOS agreement of a different site may allow users to preserve their copyright as-is. Terms of Service agreements may seem rather complicated at first, but in reality, the application of fundamental principles of contract law can help to clarify what is enforceable and what can be reasonably ignored. Given the ubiquity and power of TOS agreements in the internet age, it's critical that businesses and persons conduct significant online transactions understand how courts across the United States have approached the issue of whether TOS agreements are valid and enforceable under the law. As we proceed, it's helpful to assess and compare legal jurisprudence surrounding the two primary categories of TOS agreements, which the courts have termed "clickwrap" and "browsewrap." A clickwrap TOS agreement is one in which the user is required to affirmatively acknowledge the TOS agreement, whether by scrolling through the agreement, clicking a confirmation box, or via some other method. A browsewrap TOS agreement is one in which the user is not necessarily required to engage with the agreement. Instead, there is usually a hyperlink at the bottom or top of the page allowing the user to voluntarily read the terms of the agreement if they so choose. The legal jurisprudence is quite different between clickwrap and browsewrap agreements, so let's take a look. Browsewrap Agreements The general trend across the United States has been for courts not to enforce browsewrap TOS agreements. Courts are hesitant to enforce browsewrap agreements as there are concerns relating to a foundational principle of contract law: that an enforceable agreement requires the consent of all contracting parties. This is true in California, as well - the courts have found that, as a general rule, browsewrap agreements are not enforceable. Pursuant to basic contract law, a party cannot consent to a contract for which he is unaware of the terms. If a website features a browsewrap agreement, assuming you have not followed the hyperlink and actually read through the browsewrap TOS agreement, then you cannot be held accountable to its terms. Generally speaking, the courts have found that users are notified of the TOS agreement (and can be assumed to have consented to the agreement) when they receive a textual notice or confirmation screen. A voluntary hyperlink will not suffice. Clickwrap Agreements By contrast, courts across the United States (and in California) have been far more willing to enforce clickwrap agreements. Clickwrap agreements are often enforced despite the facts showing that the user has not read the actual terms of the agreement, which is typical, given that so few users read through TOS agreements. Courts have mostly found that - so long as a confirmation screen, a textual notice, or some other affirmative acknowledgement of the TOS agreement has been forced on the user - such confirmation is enough to make the terms valid and enforceable. Failure to read the terms does not affect enforceability in such cases because the terms are easily accessible and, as the Ninth Circuit federal court wrote, "within observation" for the user. Mixed Agreements On many websites, TOS agreements do not necessarily fit cleanly into either category. A browsewrap agreement that would otherwise be unenforceable may be deemed enforceable if, for example, the eventual purchase order screen contains a checkbox that forces the user to acknowledge whether they have read and consented to the TOS. Similarly, not all clickwrap agreements provide users with standard methods of confirmation. A website that involuntarily prompts a user to enter their email to receive the text of the TOS agreement (but does not require the user to do so in order to proceed) is unlikely to be able to enforce their TOS agreement. In such cases, the courts may also assess user data to determine whether the nontraditional method was widely used - for example, if only 10% of users entered their email address to receive the TOS agreement text, then the court might find that the confirmation method was not sufficient to imply the user's assent. Schedule a Free Consultation with an Experienced San Jose Contract Attorney Here at O'Grady Law, we have represented a wide range of commercial clients in California breach of contract actions, including those that involve website TOS agreements. We have been located in the heart of Silicon Valley for over 35 years, and as such, we are well-equipped to handle disputes oriented around cutting-edge technological issues. We understand that as the tech world evolves, so too must the legal enforcement mechanisms that govern it- after all, clarity of the law is fundamental to industry growth. We believe that by maintaining a close working relationship with our clients during litigation, we can help them better understand the process and accomplish their strategic goals. Call (650) 318-6131 or submit a brief online form to get in touch with Attorney Brian J. O'Grady today for a free consultation and evaluation of your claims.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6673
__label__wiki	0.687626	0.687626	Published on: April 12, 2013 Miami, Florida Semi Accident Damages Car and Interstate Overpass A Miami, Florida semi truck accident on Wednesday caused extensive damage to a car but did not injure its owner, news sources report. The accident occurred when a semi carrying a high load struck an interstate overpass. The collision caused two large boat engines to fall onto the victim’s vehicle. The victim, fortunately, was not injured in the crash. Police are now conducting an investigation to determine whether they will file charges against the semi’s driver. It also remains to be seen whether the victim will file a suit. According to reports, the accident occurred around 6:30 Wednesday evening on Biscayne Boulevard in Miami. Traffic on Biscayne Blvd was more inflated that usual that night because of a Taylor Swift concert at the American Airlines Arena, which is located at 601 Biscayne Boulevard. The boulevard itself is a three-lane roadway with either left or right turning lanes available at most intersections. Reports say the victim was northbound on Biscayne when she came to a stop at a red light. A semi-truck carrying boat engines pulled up next to her; however, its load had allegedly been stacked too high, and it struck the top of an I-395 overpass. Sources say there are no clearance warnings on that particular overpass. It is not clear whether the city could, therefore, be held liable for the accident. Two large and heavy boat engines fell from the top of the semi onto the victim’s car. The engines smashed the victim’s windshield, hood, and driver’s side door. The engines missed the victim but left her trapped inside her car. A nearby witness heard the unsettling sounds of the accident. “It sounded like an explosion,” the witness said. “[W]hen we looked back, we saw the car that had been waiting for the light next to the semi was crushed. I just hope the driver is OK.” Another witness nearly a block away from the accident site heard the noise as well. “It sounded like 10 seconds of metal crashing and grinding,” he said. A third witness described the noise as sounding “like an earthquake,” reports indicate. Fire rescue teams were able to free the victim from her vehicle, sources say. Thankfully, the falling engines did not injure the victim. Police say the collision damaged a beam on the interstate’s overpass as well. Police closed part of Biscayne Boulevard following the crash for several hours in order to conduct cleanup, rescue, and investigation operations. In other news, two people were injured in a West Palm Beach car accident on Wednesday, sources report. One vehicle reportedly struck a light pole and the other veered into a ditch. Details surrounding the incident were not immediately available following the crash, nor were the victims’ identities. Police are conducting an investigation and have not said whether they will press charges. According to reports, the accident occurred around 8:15 Wednesday evening in the 2900 block of Military Trail. For reasons that are currently unclear, two vehicles, which may have narrowly missed a collision, were involved in two separate crashes on the street. One of the vehicles collided with a light pole, while the other crashed into a ditch nearby. Paramedics took one victim to Good Samaritan Hospital and the other to St. Mary’s Medical Center. The extent of their injuries was not immediately available following the crash. Sources: 4.10.13 Miami Semi Cargo Accident.pdf, 4.10.13 West Palm Beach Accident.pdf.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6674
__label__wiki	0.643625	0.643625	Changes to bus timetables Posted on: Friday 17 August 2018 Bus users in Bridgend County Borough should take note of a revised bus timetable that has been introduced by First Cymru for local services. The revised timetable has been introduced to take account of bus services that will no longer be subsidised by the council, which is seeking to cover multi-million pound shortfalls in the amount of funding that it receives. The council originally intended to lower the amount it pays to private bus companies for providing services that wouldn’t otherwise be commercially viable from £699,193 in 2017-18 to £516,800 in 2018-19. However, following public consultation, this was revised to £566,800 for 2018-19 after the authority agreed to fully subsidise three of the most popular bus routes. The council has worked closely with public transport providers to protect as many services as possible while ensuring that the authority can still find the savings that it needs to make. I’m really pleased that we have been able to work with local transport providers to protect as many services as possible for the foreseeable future. However, people need to understand that the services may be lost entirely if they are not used. If passenger numbers are low along certain routes, bus companies won’t run a service unless the council provides them with a subsidy payment to do so. The ‘use it or lose it’ message here is very strong, so I hope that local people will take particular note of this. Like all local councils, we are quickly approaching a situation where we may soon be forced to focus on statutory services that have to be provided by law. The only thing that will change this is if the UK Government eases its current austerity measures, and gives councils the money that local authorities must depend upon in order to provide services within the community. Councillor Richard Young, Cabinet Member for Communities Timetable changes started on Monday 13 August and affect the following services: 62 Pencoed to Bridgend: The 1753 and 1901 journeys from Bridgend has been replaced by a single service at 1835. The 1820 from Pencoed (Kennedy Way) will no longer run. 63 Bridgend to Porthcawl The service now runs every 20 minutes from Bridgend to Porthcawl instead of every 15 minutes. 63B Bridgend to Porthcawl (via Maudlam and Kenfig Pool): The operator has cancelled this service and has returned the subsidy to the council. An alternative operator is currently being sought. 68 and 69 Bridgend to Cefn Glas: The last departure from Bridgend for the 68 will now be at 1900. The 69 will now run along Heol Y Nant to St Illtyd’s Road instead of along West Road, Westfield Avenue, Ystrad Fawr and Glannant Road. Other changes to bus timetables will include the following: 81 Bridgend to Pen-y-Fai A revised timetable and route will be introduced from Monday 3 September 2018 which will no longer feature the 0813 and 1515 journeys from Pen-y-Fai to Bridgend. 52 Bridgend to Broadlands The operator has registered a non-subsidised service to provide six journeys between Monday to Friday, reducing to five on a Saturday. 73 Pyle to Bridgend The operator will no longer be running this service and has applied for its cancellation with the Office of the Traffic Commissioner. 51 Bridgend to Oaklands 803 Danygraig to Porthcawl 61 Nottage to Porthcawl All of the above services will continue to be subsidised by the council for at least the next year.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6675
__label__cc	0.598549	0.401451	Kēryx ancient Greek messenger Kēryx, inviolable ancient Greek messenger. In Homer’s time, the kēryx was simply a trusted attendant or retainer of a chieftain. The role of kērykes expanded, however, to include acting as inviolable messengers between states, even in time of war, proclaiming meetings of the council, popular assembly, or court of law, reciting there the formulas of prayer, and summoning persons to attend. Hermes, himself the kēryx of the gods, was their patron and carried the caduceus, the herald’s staff. The word also often simply meant a crier. A clan of kērykes had certain duties in connection with the Eleusinian Mysteries. Hermes, Greek god, son of Zeus and the Pleiad Maia; often identified with the Roman Mercury and with Casmilus or Cadmilus, one of the Cabeiri. His name is probably derived from herma (see herm), the Greek word for a heap of stones, such as was used in the country to… Ancient Greek civilization Ancient Greek civilization, the period following Mycenaean civilization, which ended about 1200 bce, to the death of Alexander the Great, in 323 bce. It was a period of political, philosophical, artistic, and scientific achievements that formed a legacy with unparalleled influence on Western… Peloponnesian War Peloponnesian War, (431–404 bce), war fought between the two leading city-states in ancient Greece, Athens and Sparta. Each stood at the head of alliances that, between them, included nearly every Greek city-state. The fighting engulfed virtually the entire Greek world, and it was properly regarded… Political system, the set of formal legal institutions that constitute a “government” or a “state.” This is the definition adopted by many studies of the legal or constitutional arrangements of advanced political orders. More broadly defined, however, the term comprehends actual as well as… History, the discipline that studies the chronological record of events (as affecting a nation or people), based on a critical examination of source materials and usually presenting an explanation of their causes. History is treated in a number of articles. For the principal treatment of the… Slavery, condition in which one human being was owned by another. A slave was considered by law as property,…	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6677
__label__wiki	0.653856	0.653856	Take a trip to the Darkside Pink Floyd tribute band Darkside. FANS of progressive rock music can satisfy their thirst for the genre with a concert of Pink Floyd classics performed by tribute band Darkside at Bromsgrove’s Artrix music venue. Booked immediately after last year’s widely acclaimed concert, Darkside is making its third visit to the Artrix on Saturday, June 27, with the spectacular production of The Pink Floyd Show, providing a varied catalogue of legendary Floyd classics. Floyd fans and aficionados will be taken on a journey through the early period belonging to the innovative song writing of Pink Floyd founder Syd Barratt leading to the later years and famed anthems from the transatlantic acclaimed album tracks from The Wall and Dark Side of Moon. Andy Baker, co-founder of Darkside, said: “Prepare to be transported back to the heady days of the 60’s and 70’s where the sweet scent of patchouli oil mingled with the exotic smoke of Moroccan cigarettes. “Darkside will lead the way on that journey with a stunning combination of top quality musicianship, spectacular lighting and of course top quality projections onto the Floyd trademark circular screen. This is no ordinary gig, it is a complete show through the Floyd greats performed with passion, sensitivity and empathy”. Tickets are available by calling 577330 or online at www.artrix.co.uk priced at £13 (concessions £11). The show starts at 8pm.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6678
__label__wiki	0.595127	0.595127	@USRepKeating Official Bio William Richard "Bill" Keating is an American politician who has served as a U.S. Representative from Massachusetts since 2011. Wikipedia* Bill Keating has 161 videos in the C-SPAN Video Library; the first appearance was a 2011 House Proceeding as a Democratic Representative for Massachusetts's 10th district. The year with the most videos was 2017 with 24 videos. Most appearances with John Garamendi (5), Sheila Jackson Lee (5), Debbie Wasserman Schultz (5). Most common tags: House of Representatives, Gun Control, 116th Congress. Appearances by Title:January 3, 2013 - Present U.S. Representative, D-MA 9th View Map Videos: 128 U.S. Representative, D-MA 10th View Map January 5, 2011 - January 3, 2013 Videos: 33 U.S. Representative Candidate, D-10 c. January 1, 2010 - c. November 2, 2010 Videos: 0 Recent Appearances House Session The House continued work on the fiscal year 2020 defense authorization bill. House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee Hearing on Iran Policy The House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Middle East, North Africa, and International Terrorism held a hearing to review President… 2020 National Defense Authorization Act, Part 1 In this portion of the House Armed Services Committee’s consideration of the defense authorization bill for fiscal year 2020,… The House debated and voted on amendments to a near-$1 trillion spending package covering four of the 12 annual… U.S. Arms Sales to Gulf Countries Assistant Secretary of State for Political-Military Affairs R. Clarke Cooper testified before the House Foreign Affairs Committee on the Trump… See all appearances Appearance Stats Filter By All Event Types House Committee - 85 House Proceeding - 69 Ceremony - 4 Congressional News Conference - 1 Meeting - 1 Public Affairs Event - 1 Search Appearances Member of Congress Record 116th Congress (2019 - 2020) 115th Congress (2017 - 2018) 114th Congress (2015 - 2016) 113th Congress (2013 - 2014) 112th Congress (2011 - 2012) District Map Ideology Rankings 114th Congress 113th Congress 112th Congress Ideology data is based on DW-NOMINATE statistics developed by Keith Poole and Howard Rosenthal. More information can be found at Voteview . * The first paragraph of this page uses material from the Wikipedia article 'Bill Keating (politician)', which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0. Footnotes and parentheticals have been removed.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6679
__label__wiki	0.61895	0.61895	Inside the Trump Campaign 2017-03-04T20:04:08-05:00https://images.c-span.org/Files/429/20170304201316001_hd.jpgCorey Lewandowski, Donald Trump presidential campaign manager, talked about the first days of the Trump administration. He also shared stories from the 2016 presidential campaign. Corey Lewandowski, Donald Trump presidential campaign manager, talked about the first days of the Trump administration. He also shared stories from the 2016 presidential campaign. Filter by Speaker All Speakers Neil Levesque Corey R. Lewandowski Neil Levesque Executive Director St. Anselm College->New Hampshire Institute of Politics Corey R. Lewandowski Campaign Manager (Former) Trump Presidential Campaign New Hampshire Institute of PoliticsNew Hampshire Institute of Politics Manchester, New Hampshire, United States Mar 03, 2017 \| 11:58am EST \| C-SPAN 2 Mar 13, 2017 \| 1:56am EDT \| C-SPAN 1 Mar 03, 2017 \| 2:00pm EST \| C-SPAN 2 Mar 03, 2017 \| 11:10pm EST \| C-SPAN 1 Mar 04, 2017 \| 3:32am EST \| C-SPAN 1 See all on Trump Trump Donald Trump Campaign Rally in Atkinson, New Hampshire Republican presidential nominee Donald Trump spoke to supporters at a campaign rally in Atkinson, New Hampshire. Trump Presidential Campaign Ad The Trump presidential campaign ad, “Donald Trump’s Argument for America,” released November 4, 2016, was a two-minute… Presidential Candidate Donald Trump in New Hampshire James Pindell reported by telephone from Boston on the importance of New Hampshire in the presidential campaigns of both… Trump Presidential Campaign Philip Elliott spoke by phone about his cover story in the October 24, 2016, issue of Time magazine about Republican presidential nominee…	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6680
__label__cc	0.540188	0.459812	Iowa State University Part of Innovative Consortium to Reduce Post-Harvest Loss and Food Waste AMES, Iowa — Food loss and waste is a global problem that negatively impacts the bottom line of businesses and farmers, wastes limited resources and damages the environment. The Foundation for Food and Agriculture Research (FFAR), The Rockefeller Foundation and Iowa State University today launched the Consortium for Innovation in Post-Harvest Loss and Food Waste Reduction at the 2019 Iowa International Outreach Symposium. Through this consortium, food loss and waste thought leaders and experts from across the globe will work in tandem with industry and nonprofit organizations to address social, economic and environmental impacts from food loss and waste. “Feeding a growing global population demands innovation at all levels — from planting to processing to consumption. This consortium will help farmers across the globe use technology to continue using resources efficiently,” said Sally Rockey, FFAR’s executive director. “Optimizing food production practices is critical for ensuring that farmers are profitable, food is plentiful and accessible, and the environment is preserved.” Due to the volume of food that is moved globally, food loss and waste affects producers, manufacturers, distributors and end-users. More than 40% of fruits and vegetables in developing regions spoil before they can be consumed. These goods include mangoes, avocadoes, pineapples, cocoa and bananas, many of which are exported to the United States. This loss negatively impacts the bottom line for farmers, who are not compensated for their products. Consumers then don’t have access to these popular foods. Additionally, food waste forces farmers to use precious natural resources producing food that either never makes it to the supermarket or is otherwise thrown out by consumers due to quality issues, creating a significant drain on environmental resources. “Our consortium approach will build academic and entrepreneurial capacity of the next generation by engaging researchers and students in multi-national, multi-disciplinary teams in the project identification, planning, and execution phases together with professionals from the private and public sectors,” said Dirk Maier, the consortium director and a professor in the Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering at Iowa State, where the consortium will be located. In 2016, The Rockefeller Foundation launched the YieldWise Initiative aimed at reducing both food loss in developing nations like Kenya, Nigeria and Tanzania, and food waste in developed markets like the United States. In sub-Saharan Africa, YieldWise provides farmers with access to segmented markets, technologies and solutions that curb preventable crop loss and facilitates training that helps them solidify buyer agreements with markets in African communities. “To nourish, sustainably, nearly 10 billion people by 2050, we must implement a menu of solutions that simultaneously shift diets toward plant-based foods, close the yield gap, and reduce food loss and waste,” said Rafael Flor, director, Food, The Rockefeller Foundation. “This is paramount to meeting both the Paris Agreement on Climate Change and the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goal 12. Failing to reduce food loss and waste will make the challenge of achieving a sustainable food future significantly more difficult.” Food loss and waste highlights the inefficiencies in our food system. According to the FAO, nearly 1.3 billion tons of food — costing roughly $940 billion — are either lost or wasted yearly, generating about 8% of annual global greenhouse gas emissions. Food is lost more at the consumption stage in higher-income countries, while more food is lost at handling and storage stages in lower-income regions. The consortium will work collaboratively to develop a scalable approach for adoption of the YieldWise model and provide farmers with cost-effective strategies and technologies that link their crop supply to the market demand. This will allow farmers to gain more value from their crops and become more profitable, while also stimulating local economic growth and improving the resiliency of rural communities. FFAR is contributing $2.78 million for this three-year project, which partner organizations from around the world are matching for a $5.56 million project budget. Participating institutions include The Rockefeller Foundation, Iowa State University, USA; University of Maryland, USA; Wageningen University and Research, Netherlands; Zamorano University, Honduras; University of São Paulo, Brazil; Stellenbosch University, South Africa; University of Nairobi, Kenya; Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana; and the Volcani Center, Israel. Foundation for Food and Agriculture Research The Foundation for Food and Agriculture Research (FFAR), a 501 (c) (3) nonprofit organization originally established by bipartisan Congressional support in the 2014 Farm Bill, builds unique partnerships to support innovative and actionable science addressing today's food and agriculture challenges. FFAR leverages public and private resources to increase the scientific and technological research, innovation, and partnerships critical to enhancing sustainable production of nutritious food for a growing global population. The FFAR Board of Directors is chaired by Mississippi State University President Mark Keenum, and includes ex officio representation from the U.S. Department of Agriculture and National Science Foundation. Connect: @FoundationFAR \| @RockTalking About The Rockefeller Foundation The Rockefeller Foundation advances new frontiers of science, data, policy and innovation to solve global challenges related to health, food, power and economic mobility. As a science-driven philanthropy focused on building collaborative relationships with partners and grantees, the Foundation seeks to inspire and foster large-scale human impact that promotes the well-being of humanity throughout the world by identifying and accelerating breakthrough solutions, ideas and conversations. Dirk Maier, Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, 515-294-0140, dmaier@iastate.edu Colleen Klemczewski, Foundation for Food and Agriculture Research, 202-204-2605, cklemczewski@foundationfar.org "Our consortium approach will build academic and entrepreneurial capacity of the next generation by engaging researchers and students in multi-national, multi-disciplinary teams."--Dirk Maier, director of the new consortium Dirk Maier	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6681
__label__wiki	0.749389	0.749389	PREVIEW: Barcelona v Manchester United Cape Town - Manchester United know they must overcome a first-leg deficit if they are to knock Barcelona out of the Champions League on Tuesday. The Red Devils lost the first leg of their quarter-final tie at Old Trafford last week with an own goal from Luke Shaw proving to be the difference between the two sides. United did overcome an even greater deficit in the last round against Paris Saint-Germain when, despite losing the first leg 2-0 on home soil, they were able to prevail 3-1 at the Parc des Princes to progress on the away goals rule. To do something similar at the Camp Nou may be a step too far for Ole Gunnar Solskjaer's side, as they have never beaten Barca in their own backyard, although one of their greatest-ever victories did come at the venue when they overcame Bayern Munich in the Champions League final 20 years ago. United will also be boosted by the return of Alexis Sanchez and Nemanja Matic for Tuesday's match, as they have both been included in their travelling party. Former Barcelona player Sanchez has been side-lined since the beginning of March with a knee injury, while Matic, who has been dealing with a muscular injury, has missed United's last three games. Luke Shaw has also travelled, although he will miss the match through suspension. Barca have only lost one of their last 19 games across all competitions and they have all but wrapped up the La Liga title with six games left to play. Boss Ernesto Valverde took the opportunity to rest the majority of his starting XI during Saturday's goalless draw at Huesca and the likes of Lionel Messi and Luis Suarez are likely to return on Tuesday night. Ousmane Dembele could also feature against United after making his first appearance in a month at the weekend following a thigh injury.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6685
__label__wiki	0.973671	0.973671	Appeal court wonders about future danger posed by Halifax mall plotter HALIFAX — Nova Scotia’s top court focused on the potential future danger posed by an American woman who plotted a Valentine’s Day shooting spree at a Halifax mall as she appealed her life sentence Tuesday. Three members of the Nova Scotia Court of Appeal heard arguments Tuesday in an appeal of Lindsay Souvannarath’s sentence of life with no chance of parole for 10 years. Souvannarath, 26, pleaded guilty to conspiracy to commit murder in a 2015 plot to shoot people at the Halifax Shopping Centre, but is asking the appeal court for a fixed term of 12 to 14 years. She argues the sentencing judge mistakenly imposed a burden on her to prove she was remorseful and had renounced anti-social beliefs. But at the appeal hearing Tuesday, Justice Anne Derrick wondered whether “future dangerousness” was one of the sentencing judge’s main considerations. “When I read his decision I didn’t see him treating remorse as an aggravating factor,” said Derrick. “I saw him taking remorse into account in assessing what sentence he should impose in light of him not being satisfied that he could be confident she wasn’t going to be an ongoing danger.” Defence lawyer Peter Planetta told court he believed that was a consideration in light of a previous Supreme Court of Canada decision related to an Ontario terrorism case, but he said the previous case involved “hardened terrorists” and added that Souvannarath’s case “pales in comparison.” “In this case it escalated or raised the sentencing bar too much,” Planetta said. Derrick returned to the theme later in the hearing. “Isn’t it dangerousness that the trial judge was trying to address . . . not on the issue of remorse or not, but is she dangerous?” Replied Planetta: “Yes, and I would submit rely heavily on the lack of remorse to determine that issue.” Justice Jamie Saunders noted the court has four volumes of appeal books containing the record of Souvannarath’s transmissions on the Internet. He said she was also aware that her two cohorts had filmed the mall’s food court to determine the best location for the attack. “She speaks glowingly, that’s my adjective, about the carnage she hoped to inflict and the pain and the suffering,” said Saunders. “So I’m wondering where else could Justice (Peter) Rosinski go for guidance in those circumstances than to consider the terrorism cases?” “It’s still not a terrorism offence, that’s not what she’s been charged with,” Planetta replied. Outside court, Planetta told reporters he believes the issue of whether his client is an ongoing danger to the community will play a role in the appeal decision. “It’s one of the issues that their decision is going to come down to — how much of a factor it is and how much it should influence the sentence,” he said. Crown lawyer Tim O’Leary told the court he believes the sentence was appropriate, though it was on the top end of what’s recommended for the offence. “I don’t mean to sound trite but sometimes the facts really do speak for themselves,” said O’Leary. He said he believes the trial judge did not commit any legal errors in his decision given the evidence before him indicated that the planned attack was imminent had arrests not been made. “The intention was to inflict as many casualties as ammo allowed,” he said. “Really a life sentence by its very nature would be rare, but this is the rare case that warranted a life sentence.” The three-judge panel reserved its decision. Souvannarath was not in court Tuesday. She pleaded guilty in April 2017, about six months after Randall Shepherd — a Halifax man described in court as the “cheerleader” of the foiled plot — was sentenced to a decade in jail. A third alleged conspirator, 19-year-old James Gamble, was found dead in his Halifax-area home a day before the planned attack. Planetta brought up the issue of sentencing parity, pointing out that her sentence was more than that handed to Shepherd. The origin of the conspiracy was traced back to December 2014, when Souvannarath and Gamble began an online relationship. Keith Doucette, The Canadian Press Canada’s emissions target gets further away as 2017 report shows increase	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6686
__label__cc	0.592896	0.407104	The rule of the British and other Europeans such as; the Portuguese, Dutch and the French, paved the way to, spread of Christianity in Chennai, capital city of Tamil Nadu. The city is the home to thousands of Christians, and this rich history dates back to 500 years. The architecture of the cathedral in Chennai, speaks about its rich architecture and the unique work. The churches in the city, receive regular tourists from far and wide. Popular Churches in Chennai Santhome Basilica in Chennai: Santhome Basilica is a catholic church in Chennai. It was built over St. Thomas tomb by the Portuguese. It was rebuilt in 1893 by the Britishers.It is an important pilgrimage center for the Christians in India. The Church was upgraded to the status of Basilica Minor by Pope Pius XII. The Church has an attached museum. The church has its own channel through which it makes its programmes and holy masses live to all the faithful. Basilica has published a hymns book in English for conducting holy mass in the English language and other holy services. Situated in Mylapore, this church adorns beautiful architecture and a stained glass which elaborates the life and teachings of St. Thomas.14 tablet's are placed in the church's central hall each revealing the last days of Jesus Christ. The church houses three feet tall statue of Virgin Mary and dates back to the year 1543. The remains of St. Thomas are preserved in this church. St Mary’s Church in Chennai The church was in subsistence since the year 1680, and was the main place of worship for the Britisher’s who were living in Chennai. This was the first Anglican Church in India. This is located within the compound of Fort St George, and was the first church to be constructed by the East India Company apart from erecting in the Mediterranean. The most important artifacts of the church are its altarpiece, a painting depicting the scene of the last supper, silverware and a bible that dates back to the year 1660. There is a graveyard situated at some distance from the church, and it has a cemetery of the first and the Second World War. Velankkani Church in Chennai Velankanni Church is situated in Elliot’s Beach, Besant Nagar, and it is a famous area in Chennai and it was named after Annie Besant. This church came into existence in the year 1971, and it is a miniature version of the famous Velankanni Church, located in Nagapattinam. The worshippers who come to this church, are firm believers in the miraculous power of Madonna, and are in honor of Our Lady of Health, Madonna. Armenian Church in Chennai This church is positioned in Armenian Street, Parrys, and dates back to the year; 1712. It is believed to be one of the oldest, churches in the Indian Subcontinent. The most important characteristic of this church is that, it has six bells in different sizes in stark contrast to other churches which has only one. The church graves are believed to have 350 Armenian men buried. The other famous churches in Chennai are the C.S.I Holy Cross Church and St Andrew’s church. If you are visiting Chennai the churches in the city, should not be missed and its architecture is mesmerizing and it gives a tranquil feeling. Also Read: Waterbury Memorial Telugu Baptist Church Some Other Churches in Chennai are: Apostolic Fellowship in Church Armenian Church of Virgin Mary Catholic Centre in Church Christos Assembly of God Evangelical Church of India Inter Church Service Association Laymens Evanglical Fellowship National Missionary in Church Siswa Elim Church in Church St George Cathedral Church St Marrys Co in Church St.Theresa Church in Church New Life Assembly of God Church Powerhouse Church River of Destiny City Church Tamil Methodist Church Miracle AG Church Victory Churches of India Christ The Rock Church Pastor D Mohan’s AG Church Pentecostal Worship Church Vepery Gospel Hall The Anglican Church of South India Telugu Church in Chennai Mission1020 Adonai New Life Worship Centre Love Apostolic Church Friends Gospel Ministries Berachah Church Comments / Discussion Board - Churches in Chennai	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6690
__label__wiki	0.53557	0.53557	Geschrieben von Paddy Monaghan “The Vatican Against Israel – J’accuse” by Giulio Meotti: a Catholic Response Giulio Meotti launched his book The Vatican Against Israel – J’accuse in November 2013. My initial response to the many untrue and exaggerated statements in it was that people will see through it and ignore it as it deserves. However an Anglican Minister friend strongly encouraged me, as a Catholic Lay Leader, to research and respond to it. Unfortunately I needed to buy it first and then review. The book makes many unsubstantiated and unfair claims against the Catholic Church. I agree with Meotti on some things such as his highlighting of blatant anti-Semitism emanating from some Middle East Catholic Leaders which needs to be exposed. Overall it is a poorly written book that can hurt Catholic/Jewish and Christian/Jewish relationships and hinder God’s purpose for reconciliation in the Body of Christ between Israel and the Gentiles. Meotti seems to have a jaundiced view of the Roman Catholic Church (RC) and approached this book from that perspective. He seems totally unaware of what the Holy Spirit has done in causing RC to repent of it’s former wrong attitudes to the Jews. There are so many generalisations in this book which, in my opinion, are untrue. Let me take 5 of them: 1. Nostra Aetate (1965) Because Nostra Aetate didn’t include a line that the Jews were not “a deicidal race” Meotti alleges that "the Vatican reiterated its position against Jews by stating: 'Although the Church is the new people of God, the Jews should not be presented as repudiated or cursed by God.'" How can this sentence be considered as reiterating the RC position against the Jews? It was a pretty radical statement for the 1960’s – I wish it had gone further as Pope Benedict did in his Apostolic Exhortation of the 30th Sept 2010 "the Church of the Gentiles is like a wild olive shoot, grafted onto the good olive tree that is the people of the Covenant" (cf. Rom 11:17-24). In other words, we draw our nourishment from the same spiritual roots.” (Note 1) Nostra Aetate goes on to decry “hatred, persecutions and displays of anti-Semitism, directed against Jews at any time and by anyone.” It stated categorically that responsibility for the death of Jesus “cannot be charged against all the Jews, without distinction, then alive, nor against the Jews of today.” (Note 2) Nostra Aetate represented a sea change in RC attitudes to the Jews and not a reiteration of a position against them. Later in the Book Meotti grudgingly acknowledges that Nostra Aetate was a step forward but writes that it “remains the only theological step forward toward Jews since the Gospels” which is untrue. There have been many theological steps forward since this 1965 document. This is well presented by the former Chief Rabbi of Ireland – David Rosen – at his address to a Catholic/Jewish Conference in Rome in 2005. He stated that Nostra Aetate led to many other significant developments in RC/Jewish relationships and paved the way for RC to recognise the State of Israel. (Note 3) One example of the many forward steps since 1965 is that there have now been 22 meetings of The International Catholic-Jewish Liaison Committee (ILC). The ILC is the official forum for ongoing dialogue between the Vatican and a representative International Jewish Committee. The 22nd meeting of the ILC took place in Madrid, Spain, from 13-16 October, 2013. It condemned the current rise of anti-Semitism and the growing phenomenon of the persecution of Christians. (Note 4) 2. Anti-Semitism Meotti alleges:“Today all the largest Catholic forums, most of the high ranking bishops and all of Arab Christianity, are immersed in a radical anti Israel rhetoric that resembles that of the 1930’s” “Theological anti Zionism which represents a majority current in the Catholic Church, pursues a long term eliminationist policy” “Despite the formal (diplomatic) agreement between Israel and the Vatican (Dec. 1993), the Vatican is still “at war” with the State of Israel when it deals with… global anti Semitism… retrograde Catholic anti Zionist theology” These charges are patently untrue. Vatican has made immense strides in combating anti Semitism. As for RC adopting anti Zionist theology this does not stand up. E.g. The agreed statement from the 18th International Catholic — Jewish Liaison Committee Meeting (Buenos Aires, July 2004) affirmed the total rejection of “anti-Semitism in all its forms, including anti-Zionism as a more recent manifestation of anti-Semitism.” (Note 5) If Meotti is correct, how could Pope John Paul 2 have repented of anti Semitism in his famous Prayer of Repentance that he placed in the Western Wall in Jerusalem? (Note 6) Meotti had no basis for saying most of the high ranking bishops in RC are immersed in radical anti-Israel rhetoric. In fact a very positive statement on Judaism is in the official Catechism of the Catholic Church: “The Jewish faith, unlike other non-Christian religions, is already a response to God’s revelation in the Old Covenant.” (Note 7) In addition, awareness of the Catholic roots of anti-Semitism is being raised in Catholic circles in many countries. E.g. in Ireland the main Catholic Publishing House – Veritas – published Healing the Past – Catholic Anti-Semitism: Roots and Redemption. Bishop Donal Murray wrote in the forward: “I hope that this book will help to raise awareness of the evil of prejudice and in particular the evil of anti-Semitism.” (Note 8) 3. The Protocols of the Elders of Zion Meotti wrote “The Christian clergy is fuelling anti-Jew hatred again using the Protocols of the Elders of Zion.” He then quotes Fr. Musalam, the head of the Catholic Church in Gaza as using “the Protocols to incite hatred against the Jews.” While this is appalling from a Palestinian “Christian” leader surely Meotti should also have stated that the Vatican has condemned the Protocols. Cardinal Walter Kasper, Head of the Commission for Religious Relations with the Jews in his Paper on Anti-Semitism: A Wound To Be Healed in 2003 (on the Vatican website) highlighted how the Protocols were an “anti Jewish libel” and contributed to amindset of “contempt and hatred for the Jews” that led to the Holocaust. Many other Catholics have condemned the Protocols; e.g. In Ireland, in the Catholic Herald newspaper (Mar 21, 2008), a Catholic Writer wrote that the “Christian faith and The Protocols of the Elders of Zion are incompatible. Any Christian that promotes them is not only breaking the 10 Commandments, but also makes a mockery of Jesus Christ and all that He stands for. The Ten Commandments clearly state in Deuteronomy 5:20 “Neither shalt thou bear false witness against thy neighbour.” 4. State of Israel Meotti writes “Within the Church there are growing numbers of leaders who dislike Israel because they believe that Jews are not entitled to any part of the Holy Land.” “The problem is that the temporariness of the state of Israel is an idea shared by the largest part of the Catholic Church. And it is this idea that influences Vatican policy on the Middle East.” Where is his basis for these allegations? On the contrary, there is much evidence of affirmation of the God’s eternal Covenant with the Jewish people from many senior Catholic sources: Rabbi David Rosen wrote “I believe that the Catholic Church, especially under Pope John Paul II, came to asignificant understanding of this centrality of the State of Israel for Jewry” (Note 3). Pope John Paul II affirmed that the Jewish people “are called by God to a covenant which remains irrevocable (cf. Rom 11:29)” (Note 9) Fr. Raniero Cantalamessa, a highly-respected preacher and teacher and currently the Preacher to the Papal Household, affirmed the everlasting covenant with the Jewish people, writing: “We share with the Jews the Biblical certainty that God gave them the country of Canaan forever (Genesis 17:8, Isaiah 43:5, Jeremiah 32:22, Ezekiel 36:24, Amos 9:14). We know that the gifts and the call of God are irrevocable (Romans 11:29).” (Note 10) Prominent Catholic Cardinal from Austria - Cardinal Schoenborn – stated that “Christians should rejoice in Jews’ return to Israel as a fulfilment of biblical prophecy”. He also said Pope John Paul II had himself declared the biblical commandment for Jews to live in Israel an everlasting covenant that remained valid today. (Note 11) Pope Francis, in his first Encyclical in Nov 2013, affirmed the everlasting covenant with the Jews: “We hold the Jewish people in special regard because their covenant with God has never been revoked, for “the gifts and the call of God are irrevocable” (Rom 11:29).” (Note 12) 5. Replacement Theology Meotti rightly highlights the appalling comments of Melkite Catholic Archbishop Elias Chacour of Haifa who stated "We do not believe anymore that the Jews are the Chosen People" and was vice president of Sabeel Ecumenical Liberation Theology Centre, which has embraced Replacement Theology. Thankfully, Chacour resigned as Archbishop in Jan 2014. Meotti also rightly highlights how some Arab Catholic bishops have signed the Kairos document, into which Sabeel had a big input. Meotti then goes on to strongly imply that RC has reverted to embracing Replacement Theology. This is totally incorrect. Like Meotti, I too was shocked at the statement by Archbishop Cyril Boutros denying the continuing covenant status of the Jewish people at a press conference in the Vatican after the Middle Eastern bishops Synod. However the Synod itself did not deny the election of the Jewish people. Spokespersons for the Vatican disowned the Boutros statement, insisting that it was merely a “personal opinion”. Boutros was actually denying the official teaching of the Catholic Church [that he is committed by his office to uphold] clearly expressed in the Declaration Nostra Aetate, in the Catechism of the Catholic Church and in numerous declarations by John Paul II and Benedict XVI. The official RC position on Replacement Theology is very clear. Senior Vatican Cardinal Walter Kasper set it out in 2003 in a major paper on “Anti-Semitism: A wound to be healed” that: the Church does not replace Israel, but is grafted onto it a complete break between the Church and the Synagogue is in contradiction to Sacred Scripture” God did not abandon his Covenant with the Jews (Note 13) It is worth noting that the Commission for Religious Relations with the Jews in 1985 issued Notes on the Correct Way to Present the Jews and Judaism in Preaching and Catechesis in the Roman Catholic Church. It stated that “The history of Israel did not end in 70 A.D. It continued, especially in a numerous Diaspora which allowed Israel to carry to the whole world a witness – often heroic – of its fidelity to the one God … while preserving the memory of the land of their forefathers at the hearts of their hope (Passover Seder)… The permanence of Israel (while so many ancient peoples have disappeared without trace) is a historic fact and a sign to be interpreted within God’s design. We must in any case rid ourselves of the traditional idea of a people punished, preserved as a living argument for Christian apologetic. It remains a chosen people, “the pure olive on which were grafted the branches of the wild olive which are the gentiles.” Surely this is again one of many wonderful steps forward in Catholic Christian/Jewish relationships Prominent Catholic Theologians have rebuked Replacement Theology. Eg. Dermot Lane of Ireland (Note 14) wrote: “God’s Covenant with the Jews has never been revoked. This has profound theological significance… for Christian self-understanding… God’s covenant with Israel remains in place and therefore theories of supercessionism, substitution and replacement, which have been in existence since the second or third century, must now be put aside.” Finally, it is worth highlighting that many Catholics risked their lives to save Jewish people during World War 2. To date 6,266 Poles have been awarded the title of Righteous among the Nations by the State of Israel – more than any other nation. I understand that these are nearly all Catholic Christians, including hundreds of Polish priests and nuns. I do agree with Meotti that many Palestinian Christians today feel they “have to speak out against the Israeli occupation, because if they don’t, their silence will be perceived as pro Israeli by the Muslims.” However it is so encouraging that there are Palestinian Christian leaders like Fr. Gabriel Nadaf and Naim Khoury courageously standing with Israel in spite of strong Muslim opposition. There are also a significant number of Muslims in Israel and the West Bank who have become Christians in the last 7 years and pay a big price for coming out of Islam – we need to keep them in prayer. As I have demonstrated Meotti does a major injustice to the Catholic Church re. its relationships with the Jewish people and Israel. It seems like he approached this book from a position of bias against RC – he admits in the book – “I don’t really believe that Catholicism has changed its spots and put 1700 years of anti Semitism behind it.” Well I praise the Lord that RC has changed its spots and has and continues to repent for the sins of the past. As Pope Francis has repeatedly said, “a Christian cannot be an anti-Semite.” Paddy Monaghan, Catholic Lay Leader, Ireland Feb. 2014 Note 1. Excerpts from Verbum Domini 30th Sept 2010 by Pope Benedict 43. Having considered the close relationship between the New Testament and the Old, we now naturally turn to the special bond which that relationship has engendered between Christians and Jews, a bond that must never be overlooked. Pope John Paul II, speaking to Jews, called them “our ‘beloved brothers’ in the faith of Abraham, our Patriarch”. To acknowledge this fact is in no way to disregard the instances of discontinuity which the New Testament asserts with regard to the institutions of the Old Testament, much less the fulfilment of the Scriptures in the mystery of Jesus Christ, acknowledged as Messiah and Son of God. All the same, this profound and radical difference by no means implies mutual hostility. The example of Saint Paul (cf. Rom 9-11) shows on the contrary that “an attitude of respect, esteem and love for the Jewish people is the only truly Christian attitude in the present situation, which is a mysterious part of God’s wholly positive plan”. Indeed, Saint Paul says of the Jews that: “as regards election they are beloved for the sake of their forefathers, for the gifts and the call of God are irrevocable!” (Rom 11:28-29). Saint Paul also uses the lovely image of the olive tree to describe the very close relationship between Christians and Jews: the Church of the Gentiles is like a wild olive shoot, grafted onto the good olive tree that is the people of the Covenant (cf. Rom 11:17-24). In other words, we draw our nourishment from the same spiritual roots. We encounter one another as brothers and sisters who at certain moments in their history have had a tense relationship, but are now firmly committed to building bridges of lasting friendship. As Pope John Paul II said on another occasion: “We have much in common. Together we can do much for peace, justice and for a more fraternal and more humane world”. I wish to state once more how much the Church values her dialogue with the Jews. Wherever it seems appropriate, it would be good to create opportunities for encounter and exchange in public as well as in private, and thus to promote growth in reciprocal knowledge, in mutual esteem and cooperation, also in the study of the sacred Scriptures. Back Note 2. Nostra Aetate For the first time in the history of the Church, the declaration Nostra Aetate (promulgated at the Second Vatican Council in 1965) laid a positive foundation for a theology of Israel and of the Jewish people. This document affirmed: The spiritual bond between Christians and the Jewish people. That the Church received the Old Testament from the people of Israel. That the Church “draws sustenance from the root of that well-cultivated olive tree (Israel) onto which has been grafted the wild shoots, the Gentiles” (Rom 11:17-24). That Jesus the Messiah has by his cross “reconciled Jews and Gentiles, making both one in himself” (Eph 2:14-16). That to the Jewish people belong “the sonship and the glory and the covenants and the law and the worship and the promises; theirs are the fathers and from them is the Messiah according to the flesh” (Rom. 9:4-5). That the apostles and most of the early disciples were Jews. that despite the fact that many Jews rejected Jesus and the Gospel, “God holds the Jews most dear for the sake of their Fathers” and “does not repent of his gifts and his calling to them” (Rom 11:28-29). That Jews and Christians will one day worship and serve the Lord together with one voice. The importance of mutual respect and understanding as the fruit of common study and dialogue. That although “the Jewish authorities and those who followed their lead pressed for the death of Christ; still, what happened in His passion cannot be charged against all the Jews, without distinction, then alive, nor against the Jews of today.” That consequently, “the Jews should not be presented as rejected or accursed by God, as if this followed from the Holy Scriptures;” and so the Church “decries hatred, persecutions, and displays of anti-Semitism, directed against Jews at any time and by anyone.” That it remains nonetheless “the burden of the Church’s preaching to proclaim the cross of Christ as the sign of God’s all-embracing love and as the fountain from which every grace flows.” Back Note 3. Nostra Aetate, 40 Years after Vatican II Extracts from Address by Rabbi David Rosen at Conference of Vatican Commission for Religious Relations with Jewry, Rome, 27th Oct, 2005 “One of the occasions on which I was privileged to meet with John Paul II was in Assisi in January 1993… In receiving me and my colleague, he declared “I have said, you (the Jewish People) are the beloved elder brother of the Church of the original Covenant never broken and never to be broken”. The Vatican’s Commission for Religious Relations with Jewry has produced important documents. In response to the establishment of this Commission, the International Jewish Committee for Interreligious Relations (IJCIC) was established to represent World Jewry to the Holy See and it is currently my privilege to be President of this body. These two bodies constitute the International Catholic-Jewish Liaison Committee which has produced some dozen important joint statements on a wide spectrum of contemporary challenges reflecting what Nostra Aetate describes as our“shared patrimony”, without in any way minimizing regard and respect for the profound differences that make us two separate faith communities. This collaboration is the blessed and impressive fruit of Nostra Aetate. I believe that the Catholic Church, especially under Pope John Paul II, came to asignificant understanding of this centrality of the State of Israel for Jewry and of course Pope Benedict XVI when he was President of the Pontifical Council for Doctrine of the Faith played a key role in this process. The Pope’s meeting with the Chief Rabbis opened up the way for a remarkable development with the establishment of a permanent committee of the Chief Rabbinate of Israel for dialogue with the Holy See. … The five bilateral meetings so far have exceeded expectations in terms of content and in the personal relationships that have been established. Indeed practical cooperation has become a new hallmark of the International Jewish-Catholic Liaison Committee as we have sought to work together and support philanthropic and welfare initiatives As the late Pope John Paul II put it in these now famous words: “As the children of Abraham we are called Christians and Jews to be a blessing to the world. In order to be such, we must be first of all a blessing to one another.” In conclusion, allow me to summarize that traditional Jewish blessing for the most special occasions and give thanks to the One Lord, Creator and Sovereign of the Universe who has preserved us in life so that we may reach this day, to praise Him for His Spiritmanifest in this historic transformation. Accordingly the establishment of diplomatic relations between the Holy See and the State of Israel was generally seen within our communities as both a blessing and the removal of an obstacle on the way paved by Nostra Aetate itself." Back to Note 3 Back to Note 9 Note 4. The International Catholic-Jewish Liaison Committee (ILC) The ILC is the official forum for ongoing dialogue between the Vatican´s Commission for Religious Relations with the Jews and the International Jewish Committee for Interreligious Consultations (IJCIC). The 22nd meeting of the ILC took place in Madrid, Spain, from 13-16 October, 2013, hosted by the Spanish Bishops´ Conference and theFederation of Jewish Communities of Spain. Jewish and Christian representatives from five continents attended the gathering. Ms. Betty Ehrenberg, Chair of IJCIC and Cardinal Kurt Koch, president of the Holy See’s Commission for Religious Relations with the Jews, co-chaired the meeting. Their joint statement “reaffirmed the unique relationship between Catholics and Jews based on a common spiritual legacy…The delegates examined the current rise of anti-Semitism, the growing phenomenon of the persecution of Christians in various parts of the world, and threats to religious freedom in many societies… We are deeply saddened to see God’s name desecrated by evil couched in religious terms…. Both Jews and Catholics condemn persecution on religious grounds….As Pope Francis has repeatedly said, “a Christian cannot be an anti-Semite.” …We urge that anti-Semitic teachings be eliminated from preaching and textbooks everywhere in the world. Similarly, any expression of anti-Christian sentiment is equally unacceptable….. As a new generation of Jewish and Catholic leaders arises, we underscore the profound ways that Nostra Aetate changed the relationship between Jews and Catholics. It is imperative that the next generation embrace these teachings and ensure that they reach every corner of the world.” Back Note 5. 18th International Catholic – Jewish Liaison Committee Joint Statement (July 2004) “As we approach the 40th anniversary of Nostra Aetate – the ground-breaking declaration of the Second Vatican Council the consequence of which repudiated the deicide charge against Jews, reaffirmed the Jewish roots of Christianity and rejected anti-Semitism — we take note of the many positive changes within the Catholic Church with respect to her relationship with the Jewish People. These past forty years of our fraternal dialogue stand in stark contrast to almost two millennia of a “teaching of contempt” and all its painful consequences. We draw encouragement from the fruits of our collective strivings which include the recognition of the unique and unbroken covenantal relationship between God and the Jewish People and the total rejection of anti-Zionism as a more recent manifestation of anti-Semitism.” Back Note 6. Pope John Paul II Prayer of Repentance “God of our fathers, you chose Abraham and his descendants to bring your Name to the Nations; we are deeply saddened by the behaviour of those who, in the course of history, have caused these children of yours to suffer, and asking your forgiveness we wish to commit ourselves to genuine brotherhood with the people of the Covenant” Pope John Paul II placed prayer of repentance in Western Wall in Jerusalem 26th March 2000. It is now in Yad Vashem. Back Note 7. Catechism of the Catholic Church – Re. Jewish people When she delves into her own mystery, the Church, the People of God in the New Covenant, discovers her link with the Jewish People, “the first to hear the Word of God.” The Jewish faith, unlike other non-Christian religions, is already a response to God’s revelation in the Old Covenant. To the Jews “belong the sonship, the glory, the covenants, the giving of the law, the worship, and the promises; to them belong the patriarchs, and of their race, according to the flesh, is the Christ, (Rom 9:4-5) “for the gifts and the call of God are irrevocable.” (Rom 11:29) (CCC 839). The glorious Messiah’s coming is suspended at every moment of history until his recognition by “all Israel”, for “a hardening has come upon part of Israel” in their “unbelief” toward Jesus (Rom 11:20-26; Mt 23:39) (CCC 839). RC affirms the permanent validity of the Hebrew Scriptures (the Old Testament) as source of Divine Revelation: “The Old Testament is an indispensable part of Sacred Scripture. Its books are divinely inspired and retain a permanent value, for the Old Covenant has never been revoked”. (CCC 121). “Christians venerate the Old Testament as true Word of God. The Church has always vigorously opposed the idea of rejecting the Old Testament under the pretext that the New has rendered it void” (Marcionism). (CCC 123) This means that the promises and end-time prophecies to Israel in the Old Testament, many of which have never been fulfilled, cannot be easily dismissed. Back Note 8. “Healing the Past – Catholic Anti-Semitism: Roots and Redemption” The book “Healing the Past – Catholic Anti-Semitism: Roots and Redemption” by Ena Gray was launched in Ireland in 2009. It was published by the main Catholic Publishing House in Ireland – Veritas. Prominent Catholic Bishop – Donal Murray wrote the Forward and book was endorsed by another Catholic Bishop and the then Chief Rabbi – Dr. Jacob Pearlman. The book was widely publicised in the main catholic newspaper – The Irish Catholic – on 30th April 2009. Their heading was Anti-Semitism is ‘inexcusable’ by Bishop Donal Murray Bishop Donald Murray has described as “tragic and inexcusable” the behaviour of some Christians towards Jews. In the prologue to a new book on Christian involvement in anti-Semitism, Dr Murray says: “The history of the relationship between Christians and Jews tells of tragic and inexcusable events and attitudes in which people betrayed the principles of their own Christian faith.” ‘Those who participated in the many atrocities and injustices against Jewish people, and those who did not intervene when they could have done so, betrayed their own humanity. Many such events are documented in this book and they make sad reading,” he said. Referring to Christians who refused to speak out during the Holocaust, he insists that “for Christians, this heavy burden of conscience of their brothers and sisters during the Second World War must be a call to penitence.” Christians “must commit themselves to ensure that evil does not prevail over good as it did for millions of Jewish people,” Dr Murray writes. He says: “I hope that this book will help to raise awareness of the evil of prejudice and in particular the evil of anti-Semitism.” Back Note 9. Pope John Paul II’s Apostolic Exhortation – Covenant with Abraham everlasting. “Christian/Jewish Roots & Dialogue: As was already clear from the First Special Assembly for Europe of the Synod of Bishops, and was reaffirmed in the latest Synod, there is need for acknowledgment of the common roots linking Christianity and the Jewish people, who are called by God to a covenant which remains irrevocable (cf. Rom 11:29) and has attained definitive fullness in Christ. Consequently it is necessary to encourage dialogue with Judaism, knowing that it is fundamentally important for the self-knowledge of Christians and for the transcending of divisions between the Churches, and to work for the flowering of a new springtime in mutual relations. This demands that each ecclesial community engage, to the extent that circumstances permit, in dialogue and cooperation with believers of the Jewish religion. This engagement also implies that “acknowledgment be given to any part which the children of the Church have had in the growth and spread of anti-Semitism in history; forgiveness must be sought for this from God, and every effort must be made to favour encounters of reconciliation and of friendship with the sons of Israel”. (56) It will likewise be appropriate to mention the many Christians who, sometimes at the cost of their lives, helped and saved, especially in times of persecution, these their “elder brethren”.(56)” (Extract from Pope John Paul II’s Apostolic Exhortation – Jesus Christ Alive in His Church, 28th June, 2003) Back Note 10. God gave them the land forever: Catholic Theologian Fr Raniero Cantalamessa “Together with this responsibility, there is another that concerns the present situation of Israel as a people and a state. Human and political judgements can be made on their present situation, as can judgements of theology and faith. There is a whole area of different opinions here. The unresolved problem of the Palestinians makes these political judgements more of a condemnation of Israel than of approval. But, as I have already mentioned, Christians cannot stop at these political or diplomatic judgements. There is a theological dimension to the problem, which only the Church can feel. We share with the Jews the Biblical certainty that God gave them the country of Canaan forever (Genesis 17:8, Isaiah 43:5, Jeremiah 32:22, Ezekiel 36:24, Amos 9:14). We know that the gifts and the call of God are irrevocable (Romans 11:29). Catholic Theologian Fr Raniero Cantalamessa and Preacher to Papal Household from his book “The Mystery of Christmas”. Back Note 11. Jewish return to Israel a fulfillment of biblical prophecy – Cardinal Schoenborn, Apr 2005 Archbishop of Vienna Cardinal Christoph Schoenborn, part of a visiting Austrian delegation, made the remarks in an address Wednesday at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, the Jerusalem Post reported. Schoenborn said it was doctrinally important for Christians to recognize Jews’ connection to the “Holy Land” and Christians should rejoice in Jews’ return to Israel as a fulfillment of biblical prophecy. He also said Pope John Paul II had himself declared the biblical commandment for Jews to live in Israel an everlasting covenant that remained valid today. After asking, “What does Eretz Yisrael [the Land of Israel] mean to us,” Schoenborn answered by stressing the doctrinal importance to Christians of not only recognizing Jews’ connection to the land, but also ensuring that Christian identification with the Jewish Bible not lead to a “usurpation” of Jewish uniqueness. Only once in human history did God take a country as an inheritance and give it to His chosen people,” Schoenborn said. When a Palestinian priest asked Schoenborn if the creation of the modern state of Israel was not an expression of Europe’s guilt over the Holocaust, the cardinal said it was not. (Washington Post, Mar. 31 2005) Back Note 12. Pope Francis – Nov2013 God’s Eternal Covenant with the Jews “247. We hold the Jewish people in special regard because their covenant with God has never been revoked, for “the gifts and the call of God are irrevocable” (Rom 11:29). The Church, which shares with Jews an important part of the sacred Scriptures, looks upon the people of the covenant and their faith as one of the sacred roots of her own Christian identity (cf. Rom 11:16-18). As Christians, we cannot consider Judaism as a foreign religion;nor do we include the Jews among those called to turn from idols and to serve the true God (cf. 1 Thes 1:9). With them, we believe in the one God who acts in history, and with them we accept his revealed word. 248. Dialogue and friendship with the children of Israel are part of the life of Jesus’ disciples. The friendship which has grown between us makes us bitterly and sincerely regret the terrible persecutions which they have endured, and continue to endure, especially those that have involved Christians. 249. God continues to work among the people of the Old Covenant and to bring forth treasures of wisdom which flow from their encounter with his word. For this reason, the Church also is enriched when she receives the values of Judaism. While it is true that certain Christian beliefs are unacceptable to Judaism, and that the Church cannot refrain from proclaiming Jesus as Lord and Messiah, there exists as well a rich complementarity which allows us to read the texts of the Hebrew Scriptures together and to help one another to mine the riches of God’s word. We can also share many ethical convictions and a common concern for justice and the development of peoples.” Back Extract from Pope Francis’ Apostolic Exhortation: Evangelii Gaudium re RC Relations with Judaism Note 13. Cardinal Walter Kasper: Replacement Theology not Church teaching “The Old Testament, as well as those of the New Testament – agrees in witnessing that God did not abandon his Covenant with the Hebrew (or “Judaic”) people of the 12 tribes of Israel…. Consequently, as a “messianic people”, the Church does not replace Israel, but is grafted onto it, according to the Pauline doctrine, through adherence to Jesus Christ, the Saviour of the world, who died and rose; and this link forms a spiritual bond that is radical, unique and insuppressible for Christians. Although the contrasting concept - of an Israel once (olim) pre-chosen but later rejected by God for ever and now replaced by the Church – may have had widespread dissemination for almost 20 centuries, it does not in reality represent a truth of the faith, as can be seen both in the ancient Creeds of the early Church and in the teaching of the most important Councils, especially of the Second Vatican Council (Lumen Gentium, n. 16; Dei Verbum, nn. 14-16; Nostra Aetate, n. 4)…. The most recent document published by the Pontifical Biblical Commission on The Jewish People and Their Sacred Scriptures in the Christian Bible (2001), after recognizing the “surprising strength of the spiritual bonds that united the Church of Christ to the Jewish people” (n. 85), concludes by noting that “in the past, the break between the Jewish people and the Church of Christ Jesus might at times have seemed complete in certain periods and in certain places. In the light of the Scriptures, this should never have happened, because a complete break between the Church and the Synagogue is in contradiction to Sacred Scripture” Anti-Semitism: A wound to be healed by Cardinal Walter Kasper (2003), Head of the Commission for Religious Relations with the Jews, Oct 2003. Back Note 14. Leading Irish Catholic Theologian – Covenant remains in place not replaced “The Unrevoked Covenant of God with Israel: During a visit by John Paul 11 to the synagogue in Mainz, Germany, he stated that God’s Covenant with the Jews “has never been revoked” (1980). This statement, recognising the enduring existence and validity of the Jewish Covenant, has profound theological significance …for Christian self-understanding. God’s covenant with Israel remains in place and therefore theories of supercessionism, substitution and replacement, which have been in existence since the second or third century, must now be put aside.” “Summary: The covenant between God and the Jews remains in place and has not been substituted or replaced by the new covenant in Christ. Furthermore, in God’s plan of revelation, Israel has its own defining role to play. These new perspectives are now anessential part of what it means to be Christian and Catholic in the 21st century. The theological fruits accruing from the Jewish-Christian dialogue for Catholics are significant and should be proclaimed. They include: A new appreciation of the Jewishness of Jesus and the impact of this on Christology A rediscovery of the Jewish roots of the Church and the importance of this for ecclesiology A new understanding of God’s unrevoked covenant with Israel and the challenges this poses for the proclamation of the uniqueness and universality of Jesus as Saviour. A re-centring of the identity of the Church within the living tradition of Israel An end to anti-Semitism, supersessionism and mission to convert Jews within the self–understanding of Christian identity. Extracts from “Stepping Stones to Other Religions” by Fr. Dermot Lane, Theologian and President of a Catholic Third Level Institute in Dublin, Mater Dei On Anti-Semitism	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6693
__label__wiki	0.968998	0.968998	Vicente Fox on Legalizing Drugs By Ian Vásquez Last week, former Mexican President Vicente Fox spoke at a Cato forum on the need to legalize the consumption, production and sale of all drugs. (You may also see C-Span’s coverage of the event.) President Fox took time to do a BBC interview below on the same topic. By calling for an end to the drug war, he joins prominent figures from around the world—including former Brazilian President Fernando Henrique Cardoso, former Mexican foreign minister Jorge Castañeda, former U.S. Secretary of State George Shultz, and many others—who are calling for policies that treat drug abuse as a social problem, rather than a criminal one. Join us for a major Cato conference, “Ending the Global War on Drugs,” on November 15, where the above opinion leaders will address the harm of prohibition and realistic policy alternatives. International Economics, Development & Immigration, Constitution, the Law, and the Courts	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6694
__label__wiki	0.98278	0.98278	George Michael resting after hospital visit May 29, 2014 / 12:08 PM / CBS/AP George Michael's spokeswoman says the singer is "resting" after receiving hospital treatment for an undisclosed ailment. The Sun newspaper reported Thursday that ambulances were called to Michael's London home on May 22 and the former Wham! singer was taken to a hospital. Spokeswoman Connie Filippello confirmed that Michael was discharged over the weekend "and is well and resting." She said that "given the personal nature of this matter there will be no further comment." Music More Beyoncé's new single for "The Lion King" released Nicki Minaj pulls out of Saudi Arabia concert to support human rights Streisand duets with "A Star is Born" co-star Kristofferson In 2011, Michael spent several weeks in hospital with life-threatening pneumonia. At the time, he thanked hospital staffers for saving his life. Last year he was hospitalized after falling from a moving car on a highway in England. He was imprisoned for eight weeks in 2010 for possessing marijuana and driving under the influence of drugs after he crashed his Range Rover into a photo shop. Michael recently released a new album called "Symphonica," featuring his own songs as well as covers including Nina Simone's "My Baby Just Cares for Me." The collection hit No. 1 on the U.K. album charts in March. First published on May 29, 2014 / 12:08 PM	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6698
__label__wiki	0.686412	0.686412	The Sun's spectacular light show A solar storm shook the Earth's magnetic field early Friday, March 9, 2012. The space weather center's website said they were not aware of any significant impact to electrical or technological systems, but said a storm rated as strong could force corrections to voltage systems and trigger false alarms on some protection devices, as well as increase drag on satellites and affect their orientation. The largest solar storm in five years sent a huge wave of radiation into Earth's atmosphere creating a brilliant show of the Aurora Borealis near Yellowknife in Canada's North West Territories on Thursday, March 8, 2012. In this time-lapse image truckers are seen cruising down the ice road on Prosperous Lake. Credit: AP Photo/The Canadian Press, Bill Braden The sun erupted with one of its largest solar flares of this recent solar cycle on March 6. It was categorized as an X5.4, making it the second-largest flare since the Sun's period of relatively low activity (called solar minimum) began in early 2007. Credit: NASA/Solar Dynamics Observatory An X-ray image of the Sun on Friday, March 9, 2012. The current increase in the number of X-class-sized flares is part of the Sun A spike in the emissions of various wavelengths of light, as recorded on March 8, 2012 by Atmospheric Imaging Assembly. Solar flare activity on the Sun documented Friday, March 9, 2012. Credit: NASA/SDO This image depicts a Potential Field Source Surface (PFSS) model showing the Sun's coronal magnetic field, March 9, 2012. The Moon eclipses a view of the Sun as recorded by the SDO satellite (recorded here in extreme ultraviolet light). The rare lunar transit gives the SDO team an opportunity to adjust and fine-tune the satellite's imaging and data-collection instruments. The Northern Lights (or Aurora Borealis) fill the sky above Soldotna, Alaska, early March 7, 2012. Researchers at the University of Alaska Fairbanks are predicting an active aurora again for Alaska, much of Canada and some northern U.S. states. Credit: AP Photo/Peninsula Clarion, M. Scott Moon The largest solar storm in five years sent a huge wave of radiation into Earth's atmosphere creating a brilliant show of the Aurora Borealis near Yellowknife, North West Territories on Thursday, March 8, 2012. Northern Lights, as viewed in near Yellowknife, North West Territories on Thursday, March 8, 2012. The Northern Lights fill the sky Friday, March 9, 2012, above the Russian Orthodox Saint Nicholas Memorial Chapel in Kenai, Alaska. The Northern Lights are seen in the skies near Faskusfjordur on the east coast of Iceland Thursday, March 8, 2012. After reports Thursday of the storm fizzling out, a surge of activity prompted space weather forecasters to issue alerts about changes in the magnetic field. Credit: AP Photo/Jonina Oskardottir The Northern Lights fill the sky above Gnesen Township, north of Duluth, Minn., early Friday, March 9, 2012. While a nearly full moon washed out some of the display, what the Northern Lights lacked in brightness they made up for in motion, with arcs and rays dancing across the sky. Credit: AP Photo/The Duluth News-Tribune, Andrew Krueger The Northern Lights fill the sky over Boulder Lake, north of Duluth, Minn., early Friday, March 9, 2012. While a nearly full moon washed out some of the display, what the northern lights lacked in brightness they made up for in motion, with arcs and rays dancing across the sky. In this March 8, 2012 photo, the colorful Northern Lights are seen from Ruby, Alaska. Credit: AP Photo/Anchorage Daily News, Marc Lester In this Friday, March 9, 2012 photo, an aurora borealis swirls in the sky over the Yukon River village of Ruby, Alaska, a checkpoint of the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race. Credit: AP Photo/The Anchorage Daily News, Marc Lester	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6699
__label__wiki	0.896745	0.896745	" We Are One" Crowds gather along the Reflection Pool on the National Mall as they wait for the start of "We Are One: Opening Inaugural Celebration at the Lincoln Memorial" in Washington, Sunday, Jan. 18, 2009. Crowds gather along the mall as they wait for the start of "We Are One: Opening Inaugural Celebration at the Lincoln Memorial" in Washington, Sunday, Jan. 18, 2009. U.S. Park Police officers patrol on horseback near the Washington Monument on the National Mall in Washington Sunday, Jan. 18, 2009, in Washington. Sen. John Kerry, D-Mass., arrives at the "We Are One: Opening Inaugural Celebration at the Lincoln Memorial" event in Washington, Sunday, Jan. 18, 2009. U.S. Attorney General-designate Eric Holder, left, talks to Erik Whitaker before the start of "We Are One: Opening Inaugural Celebration at the Lincoln Memorial" in Washington, Sunday, Jan. 18, 2009. Valerie Jarrett, Senior Adviser designate to President-elect Barack Obama, left, talks before the start of "We Are One: Opening Inaugural Celebration at the Lincoln Memorial" in Washington, Sunday, Jan. 18, 2009. President-elect Barack Obama and his wife Michelle Obama, arrive at "We Are One: Opening Inaugural Celebration at the Lincoln Memorial" Sunday, Jan. 18, 2009, in Washington. President-elect Barack Obama's daughters Malia Obama, 10, and Sasha Obama, 7, take their seats before "We Are One: Opening Inaugural Celebration at the Lincoln Memorial" in Washington, Sunday, Jan. 18, 2009. Actor Denzel Washington speaks during "We Are One: Opening Inaugural Celebration at the Lincoln Memorial" in Washington, Sunday, Jan. 18, 2009. Bruce Springsteen sings "The Rising" in front of a choir during "We Are One: Opening Inaugural Celebration at the Lincoln Memorial" in Washington, Sunday, Jan. 18, 2009. President-elect Barack Obama, his wife Michelle Obama, and Vice President-elect Joe Biden and his wife Jill Biden wave during "We Are One: Opening Inaugural Celebration at the Lincoln Memorial" in Washington, Sunday, Jan. 18, 2009. President-elect Barack Obama, and his wife, Michelle Obama, look down at the crowd from the stage at the Lincoln Memorial Sunday, Jan. 18, 2009. Vice President-elect Joe Biden speaks during "We Are One: Opening Inaugural Celebration at the Lincoln Memorial" in Washington, Sunday, Jan. 18, 2009. Sasha Obama rests on the lap of her father, President-elect Barack Obama, at the Lincoln Memorial during an inaugural concert Sunday, Jan. 18, 2009. President-elect Barack Obama, his wife Michelle Obama, and their daughters Malia Obama, 10, and Sasha Obama, 7, and Vice President-elect Joe Biden and his wife Jill Biden take their seats during "We Are One: Opening Inaugural Celebration at the Lincoln Memorial" in Washington, Sunday, Jan. 18, 2009. Hollywood filmmaker George Lucas is seen in the audience at the Lincoln Memorial for President-elect Barack Obama's inaugural concert Sunday, Jan. 18, 2009. President-elect Barack Obama, leans in to talk to his daughters Malia Obama, 10, as his wife Michelle Obama looks on during "We Are One: Opening Inaugural Celebration at the Lincoln Memorial" in Washington, Sunday, Jan. 18, 2009. An American bald eagle flaps its wings during "We Are One: Opening Inaugural Celebration at the Lincoln Memorial" in Washington, Sunday, Jan. 18, 2009.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6700
__label__wiki	0.97238	0.97238	Mississippi State routs Texas A&M 80-54 Sports Mississippi State Bulldogsâ€™ guard Lamar Peters (2) moves to the basket against Texas A&M Aggiesâ€™ guard Mark French (4) during the first half of the SEC conference tournament at Bridgestone Arena. Photo by: Christopher Hanewinckel/USA TODAY March 15, 2019 1:51:59 PM NASHVILLE, Tenn. -- Lamar Peters' wrist is feeling much better, and now he's doing his best to help the Mississippi State Bulldogs burnish their resume before the NCAA Tournament. Peters scored 15 points, and Mississippi State routed Texas A&M 80-54 Thursday night in the second round of the Southeastern Conference Tournament. Mississippi State coach Ben Howland said Peters has only been able to practice shooting the past 10 days after a sprained wrist in a loss Jan. 29 at Alabama affected the junior guard in a number of games and kept Peters from shooting even at practice for nearly three weeks. That limited Peters to only three double-digit games until the regular season finale. "Shooting, a lot of it's about confidence," Howland said of his guard. Peters credited his improved shooting to simply staying in the gym and practice shooting after practice. "It's been paying off," Peters said. The Bulldogs (23-9) now have won seven of their last nine with their second win over Texas A&M in six days. Mississippi State beat the Aggies by 92-81 in Starkville to wrap up the regular season, and its first game ever in this tournament was never that close as the Bulldogs never trailed. Sixth-seeded Mississippi State now will play No. 8 Tennessee for a second straight year in the quarterfinals Friday night in another rematch from the Bulldogs' final week of the regular season. Tennessee won that game 71-54 in Knoxville and also knocked Mississippi State out of the tournament last year. No. 11-seed Texas A&M (14-18) finished up a painful season that only got worse when sophomore guard TJ Starks dislocated a shoulder Feb. 26 in a loss at LSU. Starks not only averaged 12.3 points a game, he also led the Aggies in assists. His injury left Texas A&M coach Billy Kennedy with seven scholarship players, and this loss likely was the last of his eight-year career after reports he will be fired once the season ends. Kennedy said he wish he knew but hasn't talked to any administrator yet. "When you hear something as you walk into the gym and you hear it off the internet, that's not the way you want to hear something like that going into a tournament trying to play for a championship or trying to win games in the SEC," Kennedy said. "It's an unfortunate situation, but I'm not sure." Tyson Carter scored 14 points for Mississippi State, and Quinndary Weatherspoon added 12. Savion Flagg led Texas A&M with 21 points and 10 rebounds a night after scoring a career-high 29 points. Brandon Mahan had 10. Peters opened the game with a 3 for Mississippi State, and Weatherspoon added a 3 as the Bulldogs built a double-digit lead within the first six minutes at 15-4 on a 3-point play by Abdul Ado. From there, the Bulldogs just kept padding the lead to as much as 17 late before Flagg scored on a fast-break layup to trim the halftime margin to 38-23. It only got worse in the second half where the Bulldogs' biggest issue was a warning to coach Ben Howland to get back inside the coach's box. Robert Woodard II finished off a 3-point play to push Mississippi State's lead to 50-30 with 14:21 to go, and the Bulldogs increased their lead to as much as 30 on a 3-pointer by Peters with 4:06 left. Texas A&M: Kennedy had a very young team this season with 10 players either sophomores or freshmen. Flagg led the Aggies in both scoring and rebounds this season as a sophomore. The Aggies now are 3-7 all-time in the SEC tournament. Kennedy said it was easy to see the difference in personnel, experience and physicality in the first five minutes. "It's been a grueling season, playing six or seven guys and playing a couple of guys 40 minutes a game," Kennedy said. "It wears on you. It just has been that type of year. Last night we played really well, played with a lot of energy. Tonight we weren't razor sharp. You can't win at this level and in this league with the type of teams we're playing against if you're not at your best. If you're not at full strength, it's hard to win." Mississippi State: The Bulldogs dominated the undermanned Aggies, especially inside. They outrebounded Texas A&M 38-24 and had a 36-18 scoring edge in the paint. No comeback "We knew we couldn't let up on defense," Carter said. "That's what we did last time we played them, kind of kept the game a little closer than it should've been. We knew we just had to kind of step on their neck a little bit and just keep getting stops." Texas A&M: Announcement on Kennedy's future. Mississippi State: Quarterfinal against No. 8 Tennessee on Friday night.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6701
__label__wiki	0.702156	0.702156	It’s Official! Prince Harry And Meghan Markle Are Engaged After months of speculation, Prince Harry and Meghan Markle have confirmed that they are making it official. The young royal’s father, Prince Charles, confirmed the news this morning in a press release via Clarence House. In the release (shown on the left) on behalf of the Duke and Duchess of Cornwall this morning said: A release (shown left) shared on behalf of the Duke and Duchess of Cornwall this morning read: “His Royal Highness Prince Henry of Wales and Ms. Meghan Markle are engaged to be married. His Royal Highness The Prince of Wales is delighted to announce the engagement of Prince Harry to Ms. Meghan Markle. The wedding will take place in Spring 2018. Further details about the wedding day will be announced in due course. His Royal Highness and Ms. Markle became engaged in London earlier this month. Prince Harry has informed Her Majesty The Queen and other close members of his family. PRince Harry has also sought and received the blessing of Ms. Markle’s parents. The couple will live in Nottingham Cottage at Kensington Palace.” The newly-engaged couple briefly appeared for a photo-call at Kensington palace this afternoon. Photo credit: wikimedia.org/EJHersom Tags: Engagements, Royal Weddings, United Kingdom CSW Staff November 27, 2017 Royal Baby: Duke And Duchess Of Sussex Unveiled Their Son To The World Today CSW Staff May 8, 2019 Prince Harry & Meghan Markle Are Married A Cinderella Story: Meghan Markle Weds Prince Harry Pippa Middleton And James Matthew’s Romantic Royal Wedding Story Serena Williams Is Engaged To Reddit’s Co-Founder Alexis Ohanian Ella C. December 31, 2016 Hillary Swank And Ruben Torres Are Engaged CSW Staff March 29, 2016	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6702
__label__wiki	0.934373	0.934373	Updated June 19 Navy will christen new destroyer at Bath Iron Works on Saturday The ship will be christened the USS Daniel Inouye, after the late former U.S. senator from Hawaii. HONOLULU — The U.S. Navy will christen a new guided missile destroyer, the USS Daniel Inouye, during a ceremony in Maine. U.S. Sen. Mazie Hirono of Hawaii will speak at Saturday’s ceremony in Bath, Maine. Inouye’s widow, Irene Hirano Inouye, will be the ship’s sponsor. The Arleigh Burke-class ship is being named after the war hero and politician who broke racial barriers in Congress. Inouye represented Hawaii in the U.S. Senate for a half-century until his death in 2012. He played key roles in congressional investigations of the Watergate and Iran-Contra scandals and served as chairman of the powerful Senate Appropriations Committee. He received the Medal of Honor for bravery in World War II with the mostly Japanese-American 442nd Regimental Combat Team. He lost his right arm. Kennebec Journal July 17 police log J.P. Devine MIFF Movie Review: ‘Wings of Desire’ Commentary: Douglas Brinkley on JFK and America’s grand, improbable race to put men on the moon Augusta and Waterville news Get news and events from your towns in your inbox every Friday. Augusta & Waterville news Select your news: Augusta area news Waterville area news Browse more in News Meet employers, upload your resume, and search for jobs near you. News for your inbox Want news about Maine’s marijuana industry? Subscribe to the Maine Cannabis Report	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6703
__label__wiki	0.798008	0.798008	The Italian Sale Lot 111 \| PROPERTY FROM AN IMPORTANT PRIVATE ITALIAN COLLECTION Read more Giorgio Morandi (1890-1964) signed and dated 'Morandi 1939' (lower left) 12 5/8 x 22 1/4 in. (32 x 56.5 cm.) Earle Ludgin, Chicago. Jeffrey H. Loria & Co., Inc., New York. Franz Armin Morat, Freiburg im Breisgau, by 1976. Mrs Charlotte Morat, Geneva; sale, Sotheby's, London, 27 June 1989, lot 66. Private collection, Milan, by 1990. Private collection, Verona, by 1999. Alessandro Diotallevi adiotallevi@christies.com Barbara Guidotti bguidotti@christies.com Elena Zaccarelli ezaccarelli@christies.com Mariolina Bassetti mbassetti@christies.com L. Vitali, Morandi, Catalogo generale, vol. I, 1913-1947, Milan, 1977, no. 246 (illustrated). F. A. Morat, Giorgio Morandi, Ölbilder, Aquarelle, Zeichnungen, Radierungen, Freiburg im Breisgau, 1979, no. 1, p. 28 (illustrated p. 7). C. Brandi, F. A. Morat & G. Testori, Giorgio Morandi, Freiburg im Breisgau, 1984, no. 3, p. 23. Pittsburgh, Carnegie Institute, The 1939 International Exhibition of Paintings, October - December 1939, no. 303. Freiburg im Breisgau, Sammlung F. A. Morat, Giorgio Morandi, Ölbilder, Aquarelle, Zeichnungen, Radierungen, July 1979, no. 1, p. 28 (illustrated p. 7). Munich, Haus der Kunst, Giorgio Morandi. Ölbilder, Aquarelle, Zeichnungen, Radierungen, July - September 1981, no. 25, p. 242 (illustrated on the cover & pl. 25). San Francisco, San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, Giorgio Morandi, September - November 1981, no. 20, p. 169 (illustrated p. 100); this exhibition later travelled to New York, Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, November 1981 - January 1982, and Des Moines, Iowa, Des Moines Art Center, February - March 1982. Nijmegen, Nijmeegs Museum - Commanderie van St. Jan, Giorgio Morandi 1890-1964. Schilderijen, Aquarellen, Tekeningen en Etsen, April - May 1982, no. 1. Freiburg im Breisgau, Morat-Institut fu¨r Kunst und Kunstwissenschaft, Giorgio Morandi, 1984, no. 3, p. 23. Kamakura, The Museum of Modern Art, Giorgio Morandi, November - December 1989, no. 31, p. 55 (illustrated); this exhibition later travelled to Okada, Mie Prefectural Art Museum, January - February 1990, Fukuyama, Museum of Art, February - March 1990, Tokyo, Yurakucho Art Forum, March - April 1990, and Kyoto, The National Museum of Modern Art, April - May 1990. Bologna, Galleria Comunale d’Arte Moderna “Giorgio Morandi”, Giorgio Morandi. Mostra del Centenario, May - September 1990, no. 61, p. 408 (illustrated p. 127). Paris, Galerie Claude Bernard, Giorgio Morandi. Peintures et aquarelles, March - May 1992, no. 10, pp. 32 & 82 (illustrated p. 33). Brussels, Le Botanique, Giorgio Morandi. Artista d’Europa, June - August 1992, no. 26, p. 158 (illustrated p. 62). Madrid, Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza, Morandi, exposición antológica, June - September 1999, no. 25, p. 123 (illustrated); this exhibition later travelled to Valencia, IVAM. Centre Julio González, September - December 1999. Wuppertal, Von der Heydt-Museum, Giorgio Morandi. Natura Morta 1914-1964, January - March 2004, (illustrated pp. 90 & 93; incorrectly dated ‘1938’). Washington, The Phillips Collection, Morandi: Master of Modern Still Life, February - May 2009 (illustrated p. 79). ‘To my mind, nothing is abstract. I also believe there is nothing more surreal and nothing more abstract than reality’ (Morandi quoted in P. Mangravite, ‘Interview with Giorgio Morandi’ in K. Wilkin, G. Morandi, Works, Writings, Interviews, Barcelona, 2007, p. 141) Painted in 1939, Giorgio Morandi’s Natura morta is a remarkable still-life that dates from the artist’s extremely interesting wartime period. As Italy stood on the brink of war, Morandi retreated to his studio, creating works considered by many to be some of the greatest of his career. One of a series of three paintings recorded in Lamberto Vitali’s catalogue raisonné which depicts, in this unusually long, horizontal format, the same large ensemble of objects, Natura morta demonstrates Morandi’s unique ability at transforming a group of quotidian vessels into a timeless and poetic array of volumes and colour harmonies. With an elegant simplicity and an exquisite visual restraint, Natura morta resonates with the timeless sense of contemplation, absorption and invention that characterises the finest of Morandi’s work. Natura morta is the first in this series that Morandi painted over the course of 1939 and 1940. Like actors on a stage, this large, multipartite group of vessels is spread frontally across a round table top. The group is flanked on each end by a tall, slender white vessel, and is likewise anchored in the centre by a small, brilliantly white bottle. Placed next to each other, overlapping, or just touching, this repertoire of objects has been posed with the utmost care, each one endowed with an individual and resonant presence. When viewed as a group, the undulating heights and elegant forms of the composition create a visual rhythm that flows through the canvas. Further emphasising the pictorial unity and harmony of the image are the accents of rich colour that radiate against the softly muted background. At the time that Morandi painted Natura morta, he had begun to adopt a different colour palette which he would continue to explore into the 1940s, using unusual combinations of colours, and mixing deep tones with lighter hues, as the present work exemplifies. With a simplified palette of rich blue, vermillion red and white, this painting is a remarkable example of Morandi’s acute sensitivity to colour, which enabled him to create an intense pictorial poetry with the simplest of means. The following two works of the series, painted in 1940 (Vitali 256 and 257), depict the same frontal ensemble of white and coloured objects, but with subtle, almost imperceptible additions or extractions: the large brown lamp on the right of Natura morta has been removed and replaced with a small, striped vase. Likewise, the white object – possibly a white pipe – that sits on the table on the right hand side of the present work has been removed in the subsequent paintings in the series. Such small, highly nuanced alterations alter the balance of the composition as a whole: changing the internal relationships and spaces between the objects, casting different shadows and subtly modulating the tonal effects across the scene. From the Second World War onwards, Morandi increasingly worked in series, making subtle changes to the composition, tracking its course over a number of paintings. Describing this highly methodical and deeply contemplative practice, Morandi said: ‘It takes me weeks to make up my mind which group of bottles will go well with a particular coloured tablecloth. Then it takes me weeks of thinking about the bottles themselves, and yet often I still go wrong with the spaces. Perhaps I work too fast? Perhaps we all work too fast these days? A half dozen pictures would just about be enough for the life of an artist’ (Morandi quoted in J. Herman, ‘A visit to Morandi’ in L. Klepac, Giorgio Morandi: the dimension of inner space, exh. cat. Sydney, 1997, p. 27). It is this careful measure, precision and contemplation that lends a work such as Natura morta its sense of meditative timelessness and pure, poetic visual restraint. Morandi undertook the methodical preparation and subsequent execution of his painting in his studio on the Via Fondazza in Bologna, where he lived and worked for the majority of his life. Surrounded by his carefully accumulated collection of bottles, vases, jugs, pots and lamps, Morandi arranged these objects in different formations, against various backdrops and on a variety of table tops, constructing, within his quiet, never-changing studio, his own visions of reality. He often painted or filled these vessels with pigments, which not only dulled their reflective qualities but also concealed any labels or identifying markers, thereby draining them of their original function. Liberated from their utilitarian roles, on the canvas, these objects become lyrical forms of carefully nuanced colours and shapes, whose only purpose is to function within the confines of the picture itself. In Natura morta, Morandi has not painted a literal transcription of the objects that he could see in front of him, but has transformed them into a subjective vision of distilled forms, conveying his own experience of the objects set before him. For Morandi, this was the central purpose of his art, as he stated: ‘I think to express that which is in nature, that is, the visible world, is the thing that most interests me. I believe that, particularly at the present time, the educative task possible in the figurative arts is that of communicating the images and the sentiments which the visible world awakens in us; that which we see I hold to be a creation, an invention of the artist whenever he is able to allow those barriers to fall; I mean those conventional images which lie between him and reality. As Galileo recalled in his book of philosophy, the book of nature is written in characters which are alien to our alphabet. These characters are the triangle, squares, circles, spheres, pyramids, cones and other geometric figures’ (Morandi quoted in P. Mangravite, ‘Interview with Giorgio Morandi’ in M. C. Bandera and R. Miracco, Morandi 1890-1964, exh. cat., New York & Bologna, 2008-2009, p. 350). Morandi’s desire to translate, with an unceasing scrutiny and rigorous observation, the visible world into forms and colours that exist on a two-dimensional surface, is akin to the artistic aims of Paul Cézanne, one of his most admired artists. With the same intensity of vision, these artists’ work demonstrates a confrontation and complete engagement with the act of painting and the act of seeing. It is the power of Morandi’s intense gaze and his systematic, meticulously controlled method that enabled him, as Natura morta exemplifies, to distil the essence of the objects and the spaces they inhabit in pictorial form, endowing them with a resonant monumentality. Giorgio de Chirico, whom Morandi had met in the late 1910s and early 1920s, during his Metaphysical period, was a lifelong supporter of the artist and wrote the introduction to an exhibition of his work in 1922. Though written many years earlier, de Chirico’s words still resonate when looking at the present work: ‘He tries to discover and create all by himself: he patiently grinds his pigments, stretches his canvases and looks around at the surrounding objects... He looks at a cluster of objects on a table with the same emotion stirring his heart as the wanderer in ancient Greece felt as he gazed at groves, dales and hills, believed to be the abode of ravishing and astounding deities. He gazes with the eye of a believer, and the innermost bones of these things, dead to us because their life is stilled, appear to him in their most consoling guise: in their everlasting aspect’ (de Chirico quoted in L. Klepac, Giorgio Morandi: the dimension of inner space, exh. cat., Sydney, 1997, p. 1). Please note that this work has been requested for inclusion in the forthcoming Giorgio Morandi exhibition due to take place at the Center for Italian Modern Art (CIMA) in New York from October to June 2016. PROPERTY FROM AN IMPORTANT PRIVATE ITALIAN COLLECTION The ‘small gestures and silent perfection’ of Giorgio Morandi Why the still lifes and landscapes of the Bologna-born artist known as ‘The Monk’ are increasingly highly sought after	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6706
__label__wiki	0.948534	0.948534	https://www.chron.com/business/energy/article/Shell-CEO-Climate-change-is-our-biggest-issue-12735308.php Shell CEO: Climate change is our biggest issue By Jordan Blum Updated 12:01 pm CST, Wednesday, March 7, 2018 Ben van Beurden, chief executive officer of Royal Dutch Shell Plc, speaks during the 2018 CERAWeek by IHS Markit conference in Houston, Texas, U.S., on Wednesday, March 7, 2018. CERAWeek gathers energy industry leaders, experts, government officials and policymakers, leaders from the technology, financial, and industrial communities to provide new insights and critically-important dialogue on energy markets. Photographer: Aaron M. Sprecher/Bloomberg less Ben van Beurden, chief executive officer of Royal Dutch Shell Plc, speaks during the 2018 CERAWeek by IHS Markit conference in Houston, Texas, U.S., on Wednesday, March 7, 2018. CERAWeek gathers energy industry ... more Photo: Aaron M. Sprecher, Bloomberg Royal Dutch Shell Chief Executive Ben van Beurden said Wednesday that climate change is the biggest issue facing the energy sector, encouraging the European oil major to invest more in cleaner-burning gas and renewable energy. Shell aims to cut its carbon footprint in half by 2050 while shifting its roughly 50-50 oil and gas balance to a portfolio that's closer to 70 percent gas, van Beurden said at the CERAWeek by IHS Markit conference in Houston. Shell already is the world's leader in liquefied natural gas. "There's no other issue with the potential to disrupt our industry on such a deep and fundamental level," van Beurden said of climate change and the need to help meet the Paris climate accord goals, even though the United States plans to split from the agreement under the Trump administration. The emphasis goes beyond making Shell's own operations cleaner and more efficient because most of the emissions come from Shell's products after they are sold. So Shell intends to invest more in offshore wind farms, biofuels, carbon capture projects and the planting of trees and forests. RELATED: For big oil, climate change looms large even in Trump era Shell is rolling out a new program in Europe to charge about 1 or 2 cents more for gasoline to fund tree-planting projects worldwide. "Oil and gas will continue to be the core for Shell for many decades to come," van Beurden said. But they must become cleaner. "We are businesses; we're not charities." As such, Shell is planning to grow more in U.S. shale in West Texas' Permian Basin, as well as in the deepwater Gulf of Mexico on both the U.S. and Mexican sides of the Gulf. With a growing focus on natural gas, van Beurden said Shell and other players must continue to work to reduce and eliminate methane leaks and emissions or risk having natural gas' role "fatally undermined." Last year, van Beurden said global oil demand could peak as soon as the late 2020s. He didn't back away from that Wednesday, but he said that is just one possible scenario. Oil demand could instead peak in the 2030s or even later, he said. "We ignore that at our peril."	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6707
__label__cc	0.584451	0.415549	GABBA U18 ladies team take a gold in their first ever FIBA Division C final By Stephen Ignacio Share GABBA women's U18 played out a tight fought final of the U18 FIBA European Championship Division C. A tight first quarter saw them go into the first short break with a seven points lead, having taken the first quarter 12-19. GABBA's U18 ladies were to fall short in the second quarter by just one point as they battled it out dropping the one point by 13-12. They maintained their six point lead into the third quarter, extending it as they entered the latter stages of the quarter to win it by 10-16. Having reached the final for the first time in 29 years, the GABBA U18 ladies entered the final quarter with a 12 point lead. Playing in Andorra's Poliesportiu Sports Hall, they were the first to concede in the final quarter. Dropping four crucial point in the first minute of the quarter to see their lead reduced to just 8 points at 39-47. Just as they came back with their first two points of the quarter, Malta scored again to close the gap further to just seven points with just five minutes left of the quarter. Malta missed two free shot but were able to get an offensive rebound as they cut the gap further to just four points to bring the match to 45-49 with three minutes to go. GABBA U18's came back with a three pointer to take them to 45-52 putting them back in the lead by seven points with under two minutes to go. The match was down to the wire with such tight margins. Malta called for a timeout with just 1.39mins left on the clock. Winning the quarter by 10-5, but still leaving the Gibraltar basketball women's team ahead by seven points. Immediately from the timeout Malta reduced the gap further adding two further points to their tally in the quarter and now five points behind. The Gibraltar team came back with another point after drawing a foul, but Malta responded with their own two points to come to within four points with under a minute to go. Drawing another foul, this time an unsportsmanlike foul the Gibraltar team did not capitalise. However, a second foul drawn immediately after saw them add a further point to their lead going 49-55 with just twenty seconds to go. Malta called for a timeout. Grace Davies came on for the last ten seconds bringing the match to an end and GABBA's U18 winning their first final in 29 years winning 49-56.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6708
__label__wiki	0.970753	0.970753	Barber shop tradition kept alive at Prout’s Corner A barber shop has operated in historic corner building since 1929. Barber shop tradition kept alive at Prout’s Corner A barber shop has operated in historic corner building since 1929. Check out this story on cincinnati.com: http://cin.ci/1gVmKHo Kurt Backscheider, kbackscheider@communitypress.com Published 6:59 p.m. ET April 24, 2014 Fred Salaz is continuing the barber shop tradition at Prout’s Corner in West Price Hill. Prout’s Corner has had a barber shop operating in the historic building every year since it opened in 1929. Salaz opened his shop on Prout’s Corner earlier this year when a previous shop closed. (Photo: Kurt Backscheider/The Community Press )Buy Photo WEST PRICE HILL – Fred Salaz is continuing the barber shop tradition at Prout’s Corner. The Northern Kentucky resident recently opened Prout’s Corner Barber Shop in the historic building at the corner of Glenway Avenue and Guerley Road. “There has been a barber shop in this location since Prout’s Corner opened in 1929,” Salaz said. Before Salaz opened his shop, the most recent shop to occupy the space was Lee’s Barber Shop, which operated there for about 30 years. “I enjoy the challenge of it, and the people,” Salaz said. “I have really good customers and I enjoy helping people look better.” He opened Prout’s Corner Barber Shop with longtime West Side barber Dino Cittadino, who was co-owner of Ahead By A Hair in Western Hills for decades. Salaz said he cut hair with Cittadino for several years in the 1980s, and when Cittadino and his business partner Geoff Robbins retired at the end of last year and closed their shop, Salaz bought their equipment. “I was planning to open a barber shop in Kentucky, but after Dino retired he wanted to continue working part-time,” Salaz said. “We opened this shop. Dino already had his clientele in the area and a lot of them are coming back.” A native of New Mexico, Salaz came to Cincinnati and attended barber college after graduating from Eastern New Mexico University. “An Army buddy of mine talked me into visiting Cincinnati and I stayed here for barber college,” he said. “I met my wife (Joy) when I was in barber college.” He cut hair for a little while and then became a professional disc golfer, he said. He was inducted into the Disc Golf Hall of Fame in 2007. “Work got in the way of my disc golf,” he said. “It was a hobby that turned into a profession and now it’s back to a hobby.” Salaz said he took a 25-year break from working as a barber, but never let his certification expire. When he wasn’t touring the country as a professional disc golfer he owned and operated a disc golf pro shop in Mt. Airy. He said he also ran a film delivery business for 13 years. He went back to his roots when the opportunity to open his own barber shop presented itself. “My life has come full circle,” he said. “I’ve had a good life and I love what I’m doing.” Prout’s Corner Barber Shop is at 4896 Guerley Road. The shop is open from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. Tuesdays, Wednesdays and Fridays; 11 a.m. to 7 p.m. Thursdays; and 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. Saturdays. Call the shop at 922-0323 or visit its page on Facebook to learn more. Read or Share this story: http://cin.ci/1gVmKHo P&G calls for equal pay in soccer, donates $500K Police ID man killed in Anderson Township crash Eastbound I-275 reopens after 19-vehicle crash Is this the end for the Hamilton County Fair? Missing 84-year-old woman with dementia found, taken to hospital Missing Middletown teen found safe in Florida	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6709
__label__wiki	0.507732	0.507732	You are here: Home » about us » people » CLAHRC core team Last updated on November 9th, 2018 Christine Hill Position: Deputy Director: CLAHRC East of England Dr Christine Hill is a Consultant in Public Health Medicine based at the Cambridge Institute of Public Health (CIPH) with Professor Carol Brayne’s research team. Christine worked previously in clinical medicine and then for 13 years in healthcare management at executive director level in the acute hospitals sector in South Africa and the UK. Christine’s special interests include translation of research into policy and practice, health policy and management, and screening in disease prevention. Christine holds Masters degrees in Business Administration, Law (in Legal Aspects of Medical Practice), Public Health, and is a Fellow of the Faculty of Public Health… Emma Dickerson Position: Senior Programme Support Officer Emma Joined CLAHRC in July 2014 from Care Management Group where she worked as Assistant Operations Director and was responsible for community based services for adults across Hertfordshire and Greater London. Prior to this Emma worked as a Business Development Manager for Crossroads Care Cambridgeshire , working on a number of collaborative and preventative services for Carers, including ICER (Individual Carers Emergency Respite) and the GP Carers Services Prescription Service. She has worked in managerial roles within the health and social care sector for over 11 years both in third sector and private organisations and gained a Masters in Business… Serap Mert Position: CLAHRC Administrator Serap joined CLAHRC core team as an administrator in January 2019. She began her career in the Tourism sector where she worked at some of the best 5 star hotels in Istanbul, Turkey. Serap went onto study a degree in Business Administration. She has a strong background in research and clinical based roles having worked at Addenbrookes Hospital and University of Cambridge for the last 16 years. During this time she discovered an interest in science and became fascinated with research particularly while she was as a departmental secretary and administrator at the School of Clinical Medicine. Lorna Jacobs Lorna joined the CLAHRC East of England in June 2014 from the NIHR CRN: Eastern, Mental Health team (previously named the Mental Health Research Network East Anglia Hub). Lorna line managed the Hub team and lead on the feasibility and set-up of commercial and non-commercial portfolio projects. During nearly 5 years with the Hub, Lorna progressed from the Clinical Studies Officer (CSO) role to the Senior CSO position, before taking leadership of the team during a transitive period. Her background is in research, having worked as Research Assistant at the Centre for Family Research at the University of Cambridge before… Graham Rhodes Position: Co-Chair to PPI Coordinating Group Before I retired in 2010 , having attained a BA at the Open University, I was a Risk and Insurance Manager for Bolton MBC. I am a member of the PPI groups Inspire and Addenbrookes MRC as well as a PPI Adviser to RDS East of England . I am currently a PPI adviser on the Programme and Trial Steering Committees of the WRAP2 project plus member of the PPI Feedback Project Steering Group. I wish to contribute to and influence the future embedment of PPI in Research Projects and being Co-Chair of the Coordinating Group helps me to do… Position: Director: CLAHRC East of England Professor Peter Jones is Director of the NIHR CLAHRC East of England. He is Professor of Psychiatry and Deputy Head of the School of Clinical Medicine at the University of Cambridge. Peter studied anatomy and neurobiology at King’s College, London, and qualified in medicine from Westminster Medical School. He studied at the Bethlem & Maudsley Hospitals and the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine before being appointed in 1993 as Senior Lecturer and Honorary Consultant Psychiatrist at the Institute of Psychiatry. In 1997 he took up the Chair of Psychiatry in Nottingham, moving to Cambridge in 2000. Peter’s research… Geoffrey Stone Position: PPI Adviser My background is in Education having obtained a first degree from the University of London and a Masters Degree from Nottingham University. I have been a carer for many years and involved with mental health research/PPI for over ten years. During this time I have been involved with Research Governance, research carried out by UCL and the Institute of Psychiatry as well as participating in various working groups and staff training/selection. I joined CLAHRC as PPI Adviser in 2014 Eneida Mioshi Eneida Mioshi is an occupational therapist by background (BSc Hons and MSc OT; University of Sao Paulo, Brazil) with a PhD in Applied Cognitive Psychology (University of Cambridge). She has over 20 years of clinical and research experience working in multiple countries: Brazil, UK and Australia. Her research programme addresses the complex interactions of brain changes, functional dependence, and family context in dementia and motor neurone disease. Her clinical research goal is to improve the lives of those affected by these neurodegenerative conditions, through the development of tailored care that is grounded on research evidence. Her applied research programme has… Angela Browne Position: CLAHRC EoE Business and Operations Manager Angela joined CLAHRC CP in April 2012 from the East Anglia Hub of the Mental Health Research Network which she managed for four years. Her background is in social care, where she worked as a care manager, and as a team leader for home care in community-based services for older people, run by Huntingdonshire Primary Care Trust. She also managed Warboys and District Day Care Centre for older people on behalf of a local charity. Before that, she had worked for seven years at a local water company within the Facilities and Company Secretariat departments. She gained a first degree… Claire Goodman Professor Claire Goodman is a NIHR Senior Investigator She is a district nurse by background and Professor of Health Care Research at the Centre for Research in Public Health and Community Care (CRIPACC) at the University of Hertfordshire. Her research focuses on the oldest old and how primary health care works with social care and long term care providers to support this population. She leads a programme of nationally funded studies that focus on the needs of the oldest old living at home and in long term care. She is lead investigator for the DH PRP funded DEMCOM study a…	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6717
__label__wiki	0.842043	0.842043	"The Year's Scholarship in Science Fiction and Fantasy" From Clockworks2 Revision as of 18:44, 16 December 2014 by Erlichrd (talk \| contribs) (diff) ←Older revision \| Current revision (diff) \| Newer revision→ (diff) "The Year's Scholarship in Science Fiction and Fantasy," "The Year's Scholarship in Science Fiction, Fantasy, and Horror Literature," and "The Year's Scholarship in Fantastic Literature." Marshall B. Tymn, ed., 1983-1987, in the journal Extrapolation. For 1983, 26.2 (Summer 1985); for 1984, 26.4 (Winter 1985); for 1985, 27.2 (Summer 1986); for 1986, 28.3 (Fall 1987); for 1987, 29.3 (Fall 1988). "The Year's Scholarship in Science Fiction and Fantasy," compiled 1976-1979 by Roger C. Schlobin and Marshall B. Tymn in Extrapolation. For 1976, 20.1 (Spring 1979); for 1977, 20.3 (Fall 1979); for 1978, 21.1 (Spring 1980); for 1979, 22.1 (Spring 1981). The Year's Scholarship in Science Fiction, Fantasy, and Horror Literature: 1980, The Year's Scholarship in Science Fiction, Fantasy, and Horror Literature: 1981. Marshall B. Tymn, ed. Kent, OH: Kent State UP, n.d. For earlier years, the initial compilers of the List consulted Tymn and Schlobin, The Year's Scholarship in Science Fiction and Fantasy: 1972-1975 (Kent, OH: Kent State UP, 1979), and Thomas Clareson, Science Fiction Criticism: An Annotated Checklist (Kent, OH: Kent State UP, 1972). "Year's Scholarship" is the blanket reference term for this series, keyed in the Wiki below by appropriate date. Retrieved from "https://www.clockworks2.org/wiki/index.php?title=%22The_Year%27s_Scholarship_in_Science_Fiction_and_Fantasy%22&oldid=5314" Categories of Works Content is available under Attribution-Share Alike 2.5 . About Clockworks2	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6718
__label__wiki	0.958415	0.958415	Holy cows and Hindu crusaders cloud Modi's Indian reform drive Published Mon, Aug 8 2016 7:43 PM EDT India's Prime Minister, Narendra Modi. Vivek Prakash \| Bloomberg \| Getty Images Two miles down the road from the white marble walls of the fabled Taj Mahal, a heavyset man crouches in the dirt of a cow shed and explains how the future of India belongs to him. Digvijay Nath Tiwari is commander of a vigilante group that claims 5,000 members in the northern city of Agra, and which cultivates informants, swarms shop owners, ambushes trucks at night and metes out extra-judicial violence, all for one cause: protecting the holy cow, an animal held sacred by Hindu beliefs. Across the country, hardline Hindu groups have made headlines after being captured on video insulting and beating men they accuse of involvement in cow slaughter. "Retaliation is important at times," said Tiwari, as he sat with 17 men squeezed around a straw mat on the shed floor. His cell phone contained photographs of stick-wielding men rushing to the aid of fallen cattle. Local police say they cannot stop Tiwari's actions, laying the blame partly on lax laws. The "gau rakshaks", or cow protectors, are inflaming tensions among India's religions and castes. They risk undermining Prime Minister Narendra Modi's efforts to focus on economic advancement, even as the right-wing Hindu nationalist forces that got him elected promote their own agenda. The implications reach far beyond the winding alleyways of Agra. Social and religious stability are key to future assumptions of prosperity in India, currently the world's fastest expanding major economy. "India will remain one of the strongest growth stories in the region," a Goldman Sachs strategist said in April, echoing the sentiment of many foreign investors. Yet such outlooks built on macro-analysis risk missing a ground truth: if the right-wing groups empowered by Modi's rise do not stop antagonizing minorities, then the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party's (BJP) plans for nurturing that growth will not easily come to pass. Changing focus Cow slaughter is illegal in most of India, an overwhelmingly Hindu nation. However, it had long been tolerated under the Congress party, which ruled the country for most of its independent history and prides itself on protecting Muslims and lower castes who ply the meat and leather trade. Now the Hindu nationalist BJP is in power, and that is changing as vigilante groups gain prominence. And Modi, while saying he's concerned, has been either unwilling or unable to halt their more extreme actions. The prime minister was trained and nurtured by hardline Hindu organizations that were instrumental in his rise from the son of a train station tea seller to leader of the world's biggest democracy. Once at the helm, however, he has focused on more pragmatic and inclusive economic issues: spurring growth and creating enough jobs for a rapidly expanding workforce. These initiatives could be derailed by a narrower, Hindu nationalist agenda aimed at protecting symbols made sacrosanct by religious texts and countering a perceived threat of foreign influences. The chief of the BSP, Mayawati (second from left), meets with a Dalit youth who was beaten by the Gau Rakshaks (Cow Protectors). Sam Panthaky \| AFP \| Getty Images In a speech on Saturday night in New Delhi, Modi lashed out at the cow protectors. "I feel so angry at times. Some people who are engaged in anti-social activities for the whole night wear the mask of 'gau rakshaks' in the day," he said. A senior aide to Modi, who is approaching the halfway mark of his five-year tenure, said at the end of July that while the leader is aware of the social and economic implications, "we cannot do much to stop cow protection forces ... cow protection is integral to our core support base." Dalits feel under siege The violence of cow vigilante groups this year, some of it caught in disturbing videos on the Internet, has unsettled minority groups. One clip from the western state of Gujarat shows four men, shirtless, tied to a bumper being whipped with rods. The victims were Dalits, or Indians at the bottom of the caste hierarchy who traditionally take away cow carcasses which can then be used for leather. In another, from the northern state of Haryana, two people are made to sit on the road and eat a concoction including cow dung. They were reportedly Muslims, and the footage was taken during Ramadan, the Islamic month of fasting. While the BJP does not bank on the support of many Muslims, it does want to secure the votes of the Dalits, a caste formerly known as untouchables. Together, the two groups account for about 30 percent of India's population, a major consideration with important state elections due next year and a national ballot set for 2019. Chandra Bhan Prasad, a prominent Dalit writer and adviser to the Dalit Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, compared the violence to that of Ku Klux Klan racism in the United States. "It's like India's version of KKK – the past was great so long as these blacks were under our thumb, society was beautiful. So, how to control these Dalits?" "Cow not just an animal" The Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), the nation's umbrella right-wing Hindu organization which helped create the BJP, does not appear willing to tackle cow protection forces, blaming outlaws for causing the trouble. "The cow is not just an animal. We have an emotional and religious attachment to it and we want to make it the center of our economic activity," said a senior RSS leader in New Delhi, who asked not to be named so he could speak more frankly. "Vigilantes are instructed to follow the rules and they are a disciplined force. We admire their work." Champat Rai, a leader of the Hindu activist Vishwa Hindu Parishad (VHP), or World Hindu Council, a group formed by RSS leadership which oversees cow groups, was more direct. "I am a cow patriot and want to free cows from the slavery of Muslim butchers," he said. "It's better we shed our blood to save the blood of cows." In Agra, some 220 km (135 miles) south of New Delhi, there has already been bloodshed, and the threat of more to come. One prominent Dalit businessmen in the city, H.K. Pippal, said recently at his shoe factory that he had a plan should the cow protection gang try to interfere with his operations and the cow leather it uses. "I am very powerful, my workers could kill them." Tiwari, the cow group leader, blames the butchers for much of the problem. "It's not just that the butchers get beaten," he said. "They attack us and threaten to kill us. It is a serious clash." Tiwari acknowledged having four criminal cases pending against him, but said he was innocent in all of them. In February this year, the vice president of the VHP in Agra, who was also a senior member of Tiwari's group, was surrounded by a group of five Muslims while walking from a temple to his furniture shop, according to a police report. The men had previously been targeted by the cow protectors for allegedly dealing in beef, according to Tiwari. One of them boasted: "You think that you are a big leader, we'll teach you a lesson today," said the police report. A pistol shot rang out and the VHP official, Arun Mahour, fell dead in one of the oldest and busiest markets of Agra. A mob of young Hindu men set out for a Muslim quarter, said the police officer in charge of the area, S.K. Sharma. Soon, thousands of people were in the streets, Sharma said. "This almost became a riot between the Hindus and Muslims." The fallen Hindu leader left behind two sons, aged 12 and 16. Asked about the family's future, his widow, Rajni Mahour, covered her face with the edge of a white sari and caught her breath for a moment. The way forward, she said, was clear: "My family says that we should know to lay our life down for religion."	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6720
__label__wiki	0.500685	0.500685	MARKET CLOSE: Techs end week with some momentum Technology stocks moved higher again Friday on the heels of some strong quarterly earnings reports. The Nasdaq composite gained 64 points to 3,482.63 while the Dow picked up 83 points to close at 10,226.22. "When the Nasdaq rallies like yesterday you have a little backing and filling and then in come the momentum players," said Larry Rice, chief investment officer at Josephthal Lyon & Ross. Intel (INTC) moved up $1.06 to $43. Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) added 31 cents a share and IBM (IBM) closed off $1.69 to $94.75. Ericsson (Nasdaq: ERICY) lost $2.31 to $11.69 after it blamed a wider-than-expected loss on its handsets business and issued a weak outlook. Nokia (NYSE: NOK) rose $1.06 to $39.19 and Motorola (NYSE: MOT) closed up 38 cents to $23.38. Compaq Computer Corp. (NYSE: CPQ) picked up 93 cents to $38.63 after it attempted to set investors at ease Friday by announcing it is comfortable with inventory levels. Dell (DELL) shaved off 38 cents to $28.44 while Apple Computer (AAPL) and Gateway (GTW) tacked on 56 cents and $1.98 a share, respectively. Commerce One (Nasdaq: CMRC) shot up $6.13 to $70 after analysts gave it a round of upgrades Friday, bolstering its momentum after a strong third quarter report. Microsoft (MSFT) gained $3.31 to $65.19 and Oracle (ORCL) lost $1.13 to $35.25. Sun Microsystems (SUNW) added $1 to $118.69. Mercator Software (Nasdaq: MCTR) fell $7.66 to $4.59 after the company reported a $4 million, or 14 cent per share, loss for the third quarter. Yahoo! (YHOO) slid 56 cents to $59. America Online (AOL) moved up $1.13 to $46.57 while Amazon.com (AMZN) and eBay (EBAY) finished up $3.06 and 88 cents a share, respectively. Lycos (LCOS) closed up $1 to $44.25. Shares of E.piphany Inc. (Nasdaq: EPNY) gained $25.13 to $89.88 after it reported a narrower-than-expected third quarter loss and declaring a 3-for-2 stock split. Discuss: MARKET CLOSE: Techs end week with some momentum	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6721
__label__wiki	0.642632	0.642632	Home Cricket NZ v Eng Freezing winter for Cook, but will the summer be prolific? NZ v Eng Freezing winter for Cook, but will the summer be prolific? Suraj Choudhari Alastair Cook’ struggle has become a headache for England. England have now played seven Tests away from home this winter without a win under their belt and have remained winless on two tours. After a disheartening campaign in the Ashes, they had their hopes pinned on New Zealand, but their fortunes didn’t change here as they lost the series 1-0. England does have a lot of issues to be addressed in their line-up, a misfiring top-order, the vulnerable form of Alastair Cook and many more. They do have some immense firepower in Joe Root, Ben Stokes and Jonny Bairstow, who have been outstanding, but the team needs to click as a unit. Cook has been the backbone for years in this line-up, scoring the tough runs at the top. The most prolific English batsman, Cook, has been a force to be reckoned at the top. But the southpaw’s vulnerable form and parched runs column have affected the side massively in the recent times. He has struggled to get going and looked bereft of oomph against the red cherry. Being out of form and not being able to score runs are two different things. Cook’s recent Test outings suggest that his struggle is for real. Cook is not going forward nor backward; he gets caught in the crease too often and ends up poking the deliveries away from his body. He needs to introspect his game and rectify the flaws in his batting. Openers play a very important role across formats, especially in Test cricket. They wear out the moving new ball and save the middle-order from being exposed early. But unfortunately for England, their openers were not being able to get the job done. Earlier, England’s predicament was to find Cook’s co-star at the top, but the southpaw’s poor form has only added to their trouble. Questions relating to his spot in the attack are on the rise, but England doesn’t seem to have any long-term solution for now. In the Ashes, Cook kept getting out at crucial times. Australia were always going to be a challenge for the ageing Cook. Traditionally, ageing cricketers have not done well Down Under and Cook’s dismal show was no surprise. After a string of low scores, Cook struck form and smashed an unbeaten 244 on the flat track of Melbourne as England saved the only game on the entire tour, but there was nothing substance since then. It looked like Cook’s poor form was coming to an end, but the doubts only increased in the next series. Coming to New Zealand, English and Cook’s most loyal fans expected him to revive his Test fortunes, but it wasn’t to be. Trent Boult made him his bunny as he got rid of the star English batsman on all the four occasions. He garnered just 23 runs from this series, which is way below than the standards he sets for himself. Since 2017, Cook averages 38.84 in 26 Test innings, but one takes the two double tons out of the equation, the numbers drop drastically. The left-armer Boult troubled Cook in this series and has done so in the past as well. England are scheduled to play Pakistan and India in their home season. Someone like Mohammad Amir can inflict similar damage while India will have a formidable pace attack. The challenge is huge and a tough one for sure, it will be interesting to see how Cook fights his demons and comes out in conditions more suited to him. There is no doubt about Cook’s hunger to succeed in Test cricket and the southpaw has silent his harshest critics on numerous occasions in the past. He will undoubtedly be in the scheme of things for the English summer and one can expect him not to be written off just like that. But one thing is for certain, time is running out on him. He needs to get the runs column flowing and the English summer would be the ideal platform for him to rediscover his lost mojo. With 12028 runs under his belt from 154 Test outings, Cook is by far the leading run-scorer for England. He belongs to a rare breed of impactful cricketers, but his recent dip in form has not helped England’s cause. At times, a player goes through a lean patch, where the runs column run dry. But how the bounce back is what defines their character. Cook has done it in the past and his team will be hoping this just to be a dry patch, which will end soon. Will he bounce back? Will the disappointment continue? Too many questions and too little answers. Previous articleThe simple grandeur of Test cricket Next articleThe relegation trap door opens on the Argentinean Arsenal Suraj Choudhari is a freelance sports journalist. He is an avid follower of the game and played the sport at club level. With a radical understanding about the subtle nuances and intricacies of cricket, he tries to express it through paper and pen. It takes a lot of passion and hard work to break the jinx The simple grandeur of Test cricket Sodhi punches above his weight to save the day for New Zealand	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6724
__label__cc	0.500445	0.499555	Page West is the senior vice president, chief nurse executive for Dignity Health and has been with the organization for over 28 years. Dignity Health’s values and mission resonate strongly with her own values as she is passionate about the people we serve. Page states that a strong desire to help those in need is what motivates her to give. To Page, giving is a way of belonging to something bigger. Page has so many fond memories of her time at Mercy General Hospital (MGH), the lessons learned in catholic ritual and tradition from the Sisters. Page has a strong connection to MGH, as this was the hospital where her daughter (now 22-years-old) was born. She also recalls playing softball at MGH with Father Healy. She also recalls sitting at the bedside of her father and experiencing the empathy of the care givers. The way these caregivers touched him is forever etched in her soul. Giving is one way that all of us can extend care and humankindness to those less fortunate in our community. Any amount can help those in need!	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6736
__label__wiki	0.963346	0.963346	Rolling Stone, TAZ, Zitty Berlin, Bleistiftrocker.de & HiMate präsentieren: THE WEDDING PRESENT 30th Anniversary "Bizarro" Tour 2019 13.09.19 in Berlin, Lido Tickets zu THE WEDDING PRESENT Berlin 30th Anniversary “Bizarro” Tour 2019 The Wedding Present was born in Leeds, in the UK, in 1985 with the release of the debut single GO OUT AND GET EM’ BOY! and the band’s first album, GEORGE BEST, followed a couple of years later. With the early releases on their own label, the band acquired a reputation for bittersweet, breathtakingly honest love songs immersed in whirlwind guitars, so it was quite extraordinary that they decided to explore traditional Eastern European folk music for their major label debut on RCA Records in 1989 with UKRAINSKI VISTUPI V JOHNA PEELA. However, this was soon to be followed by the more traditionally incendiary BIZARRO, which featured their first hit single KENNEDY. The band’s next step was to enlist the aid of the noise-mongering [and, at that point, relatively unknown] sound engineer Steve Albini. The resulting SEAMONSTERS, recorded in the snowy wilds of Minnesota in just 11 days, suggested a more thoughtful Wedding Present. A unique plan was hatched in 1992. By the end of that year, The Wedding Present had released twelve 7” singles, one per month, and equalled Elvis Presley’s 35-year-old record for “most hits in one year”. A gang of impressive names, including Ian Broudie [The Lightning Seeds] and legendary Rolling Stones producer Jimmy Miller collaborated on the industry-challenging project, ultimately to be compiled on the two HIT PARADE LPs. 1994’s WATUSI, produced by Steve Fisk [a prime mover in the celebrated avant-garde scene of Seattle] whisked the band off into yet another new area with its lo-fi pop, three-part a capella harmonies and Waikiki-ready surf strains. The band returned to a more familiar sound in 1995 with the car themed MINI, in which Gedge cloaked his tales of love and lust with automobile symbolism. The next album, SATURNALIA, was recorded in the studio owned by The Cocteau Twins and released in 1996 to the usual flurry of critical approval, but it was shortly after this point that Gedge started work on a solo project, CINERAMA. A fittingly titled outfit, Cinerama indulged Gedge’s love of film music from John Barry to Ennio Morricone… via Blaxploitation and The Ventures! Cinerama went on to record three stunning studio albums, VA VA VOOM, DISCO VOLANTE and TORINO. At the end of 2002, Gedge split up with Sally Murrell, his long-time girlfriend and chief Cinerama collaborator. He decided to leave Leeds, his home for the preceding twenty-four years, and move to Seattle, where he began writing a collection of songs apparently influenced by his despair over the split. TAKE FOUNTAIN, the resultant album, was recorded by Steve Fisk and released, perhaps ironically, on St. Valentine’s Day, 2005. This long awaited LP brought The Wedding Present back into the spotlight with all the style and sophistication associated with a legendary group, but fans were also pleased to see the band had lost none of the growling angst with which they had burst onto the scene in 1985. In January 2008 the band returned to Steve Albini for the recording of EL REY, which was released in the summer of that year to further critical acclaim. At the end of 2008 Gedge fulfilled a long held ambition by releasing a bona fide Christmas song, HOLLY JOLLY HOLLYWOOD, a duet with Los Angeles based chanteuse, Simone White. In 2009, as well launching his own mini-festival, AT THE EDGE OF THE SEA, which he curates and which now takes place every year in Brighton [UK], he also took part in a major collaboration with the BBC Big Band for the biannual ‘Fuse’ Festival which was held back in his home town of Leeds. For the event he performed Wedding Present and Cinerama songs backed by eighteen world class musicians including legendary ‘James Bond’ trumpeter Derek Watkins. Also in 2009, two Take Fountain songs, I’M FROM FURTHER NORTH THAN YOU and RINGWAY TO SEATAC, appeared in the award winning independent film Skills Like This. In 2012 The Wedding present released VALENTINA [which was mixed in L.A. by Grammy award winning producer Andrew Scheps] to further rave reviews. 2012 also saw the release of a new comic book series, TALES FROM THE WEDDING PRESENT, which, Gedge has hinted, is essentially his memoirs in graphic novel style. In what turned out to be a huge and comprehensive reassessment of the band, 2014 saw Edsel Records re-releasing seven Wedding Present albums in critically acclaimed multi-disc ‘extended’ editions which brought together a wealth of historic recordings, radio sessions and videos. Such has been the unpredictable nature of Gedge’s career over the years, hardly anyone could have be surprised when he announced yet another remarkable project in 2015. Collaborating with Spanish indie legend Pedro Vigil he decided to completely ‘re-imagine’ The Wedding Present’s VALENTINA album as Cinerama. The resulting album was also entitled VALENTINA and, with its “musical set pieces and vocal nuances fine enough to rival Bacharach and David”, was described as “a truly sparkling and uplifting concerto for the modern age” by Vive Le Rock Magazine.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6737
__label__cc	0.571724	0.428276	What About Spinal Surgery? MONEY AND SPINAL SURGERY WHAT HAPPENED TO CARING FOR THE GERIATRIC PATIENT? Capri23auto (Ralph) - Deutschland - Pixabay In the April 2010 issue of JAMA (Journal of the American Medical Association), several doctors from Portland Oregon's Health and Science University published a study called Trends, Major Medical Complications, and Charges Associated with Surgery for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis in Older Adults. The truth is, when it comes to back surgeries, even a significant number of doctors and surgeons admit that there is a serious lack of evidence-based support for more complicated and risky spinal fusion surgeries that are commonly done for elderly stenosis patients. There is, however, a significant financial incentive to both hospitals and surgeons to perform these low back fusions. SPINAL STENOSIS (the typically age-related narrowing of the spinal canal --- usually due to to enlarging of bone or ligaments) is the most frequent cause for spinal surgery in the elderly. Although there was a slight overall decrease in spinal surgeries between 2002 and 2007, there was also an utterly shocking 1,500% increase in spinal fusions. Could this massive increase in a dangerous and typically-ineffective spinal surgery be just about the money? Many doctors believe it is. The Journal of the American Medical Association concluded..... It is unclear why more complex operations are increasing. It seems implausible that the number of patients with the most complex spinal pathology increased 15-fold in just 6 years. The introduction and marketing of new surgical devices and the influence of key opinion leaders may stimulate more invasive surgery, even in the absence of new indications… financial incentives to hospitals and surgeons for more complex procedures may play a role…” There is a significant difference in average hospital costs for simple decompression spinal surgery versus complex surgical fusion. The cost of the less invasive surgery is $23,724 compared to an average of $80,888 for a spinal fusion. Despite the much higher cost, there is no scientific evidence of superior outcomes. And while there are significant risks associated with the cheaper surgery, there are much greater risks of adverse events associated with the spinal fusion. So why perform these surgeries? Can anyone say "MONEY"? The surgeon is typically reimbursed $600 to $800 for the less invasive back surgeries and approximately ten times more ($6,000 to $8,000) for the complex fusions. In an accompanying JAMA editorial written by Dr. Carragee of Stanford University School of Medicine, the following comment was made. In 2007, the final year of data reported in the study, Consumer Reports [the magazine] rated spinal surgery as number 1 on its list of overused tests and treatments. This was a harsh rebuke..... The findings from the study should not only remind patients, surgeons, and payors that the efficacy of basic spinal techniques must be assessed carefully against the plethora of unproven but financially attractive alternatives, but also should serve as an important reminder that as currently configured, financial incentives and market forces do not favor this careful assessment before technologies are widely adopted. When applied broadly across medical care in the United States, the result is a formidable economic and social problem. Thanks Dr. C. But why don't we just call a spade a spade and admit to the general population (in plain English) that it is becoming increasingly difficult to trust anyone in the medical field? There is just too much money as stake (HERE)! Just take a look at my posts on EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6742
__label__cc	0.690181	0.309819	Fired and angry It's no secret that employees are often dissatisfied with their employers. And, if before they quit, their discontent is usually expressed via instant messengers and water cooler conversations, once they’re gone for good, things may change dramatically. And it doesn't end with negative company reviews on the Internet. A company discovered that one of its employees is reasonably well versed in web design and programming, and asked him to develop a corporate website. A few months later the employee was reprimanded for regularly shirking his duties, and the company's president told him that management was going to fire him. That same day, the resentful employee remotely logged on to the corporate network, erased some data, and changed the text and pictures on the website. When police arrested the culprit, he explained that he got angry because the employer fired him. A system administrator, who worked for a prosperous company in the military industry, got angry with his bosses. He believed that they undervalued him while he was working hard to set up and maintain the entire corporate network. So the employee moved the industry workflow software used by the company to one server. After that he coerced his colleague into giving him the only software backup. After management fired the system administrator for his threatening and inappropriate attitude toward his colleagues, the logic bomb exploded. The angry employee erased all the data on the server, causing the company damages in the amount of $10 million, which led to the dismissal of 80 employees. An application developer was downsized out of his job at an IT company. In retaliation, the former employee attacked the firm's network just before the Christmas holidays. Three weeks later, after his dismissal, he remotely logged on to the corporate network using his former colleague's account, modified data on the company's web server, changed the text and published pornographic images on the company’s website. After that, the disgruntled developer sent emails to all the company's clients proposing that they open the corporate website and verify for themselves that it had been compromised. Each message contained a client login and password to access the site. An investigation was started, but it failed to identity the offender. Six weeks later the perpetrator once again remotely accessed the network and launched a script that altered all the passwords on the network and modified 4,000 entries in the price database. This time he was identified and arrested. He was sentenced to five months in prison and two years’ probation. The punishment also included a $48,600 fine, which he had to pay to his former employer. A municipal servant wasn't appointed a financial officer. Another employee took the position. To get revenge, the infuriated bureaucrat deleted all the files on his computer and the computers of his colleagues the day before the new financial officer was due to assume the position. The investigation that followed proved that the employee was guilty, but because many of the files were restored, the local government agreed to refrain from starting criminal proceedings and allowed the perpetrator to quit. http://citforum.ru/security/articles/sabotage In such cases, the perpetrators don’t necessarily have a criminal background—only in 30% of the investigated cases had staff members been previously arrested at least once. But the fact that such people tend to be associated with information technologies is a certainty. To a large extent, this happens because using information technologies to exact revenge appears to be easier and safer than attempting to inflict material damage or resort to violence. People of this kind also consider themselves to be solid professionals, which in their eyes makes them immune to punishment. Research conducted by CERT (computer emergency response team) shows that virtually all corporate saboteurs are somehow related to information technologies. Tech savvy people account for 86% of the incidents. Among them, 38% are system administrators, 21% are programmers, 14% are engineers, and 14% are IT professionals. As for saboteurs who don’t work in technical departments, 10% of them are editors, sales specialists, auditors, etc., and 3% are service people, specifically those who communicate with clients. Unfortunately, company negligence is behind many acts of vandalism: perpetrators had full access to corporate IT environments after they left their jobs. Eighty-nine percent of employees retained access to at least one corporate service after their dismissal. Naturally, far from all of them will become perpetrators. Indeed, it can take a great deal of time to convey all the information about system administration to a new joiner, and often former employees provide assistance to their former employers. But should they be granted full access or rather receive the required permissions only when necessary? Change access passwords as soon as employees quit. Suspend or remove all accounts of former employees after they vacate their position or after the transitional period is over and their mail is redirected to other employee inboxes. If you are considering giving an employee the boot and their loyalty is somewhat questionable, restrict their access to your corporate IT environment beforehand. Taking extra precautions may prove to be very useful! Additional precautions will not hurt. eaglebuk	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6748
__label__cc	0.657974	0.342026	Home > All Industries > Automotive > Aftermarket > DuPont \| India Knowledge Center Home > All Industries Automotive Aftermarket DuPont \| India Knowledge Center DuPont Expands Integrated Science Capabilities at India Knowledge Center Peter Jacob +91-40-6624-7404 – Office +91-78-9300-1974 – Mobile E-mail: peter.jacob@dupont.com Christina So +852-27-34-5445 - Office +852-91-86-1928 - Mobile E-mail: christina-o.k.so@dupont.com Application Development Center Supports Efforts to Reduce Dependence on Fossil Fuels HYDERABAD, India, Aug. 21, 2013 – Expanding its integrated science capabilities at the DuPont Knowledge Center in Hyderabad, India, DuPont today opened an Application Development Center focused on integrating advanced material science with other scientific disciplines for the automotive industry, enabling solutions for light-weighting, engine performance, comfort and safety. These capabilities also are relevant to other industries such as railways, electrical / electronic components, food processing, agriculture, irrigation, textile and many more. At the Application Development Center, DuPont’s integrated science brings value-added solutions to customers in these industries enabling better, safer and sustainable products for consumers. “The integration of scientific disciplines in advanced materials, such as high-performance polymers and elastomers, are critical to developing cost-effective and sustainable solutions to some of the big challenges that our company is focusing on, for example, reducing our dependence on fossil fuels,” said DuPont Performance Polymers President Diane H. Gulyas. “Materials are only part of the story. The application development process is how we work with customers to get ideas into the market cost effectively. It is the engine of innovation for the polymers business and centers such as this new one in India help customers innovate and find more sustainable solutions in collaboration with DuPont scientists and engineers”. “This latest expansion at the DuPont Knowledge Center reflects our strong commitment to deliver integrated science-powered solutions and innovations that meet market needs, in collaborations with our local customers and partners. This new facility is part of the global DuPont community of 10,000 scientists and engineers around the world, thus connecting our global science capability to local market needs. I am confident this will enhance our ability to serve customers in India and South Asia,” said Rajeev A. Vaidya, president – South Asia & ASEAN, DuPont. The new Application Development Center at the DuPont Knowledge Center (DKC) houses thermoplastic and elastomer processing and testing equipment and leverages existing analytic equipment shared with several DuPont science disciplines. It complements the manufacturing facilities in Savli, Gujarat, and the DuPont India Innovation Center in Pune. It expands their capabilities to support predictive engineering, including computer-aided engineering (CAE), 3D surface computer-aided design (CAD), mold-flow, warpage, structural, impact and NVH (noise, vibration, harshness) analysis. By connecting with DuPont scientists and engineers at key automotive-based laboratory sites in the United States and Europe, this new center can build on the current predictive engineering power of CAE capabilities with speed-to-market excellence to advance the growing market in India. “Taking full advantage of the lightweight nature of plastics requires more than just metal replacement,” said Homi Bhedwar, technology director, South Asia and ASEAN. “Engaging us early in the design stage helps take advantage of integrated science opportunities to reduce cost and complexity in many vehicle components. Our aim at the Application Development Center is to work closely with customers visiting the Innovation Center in Pune, network with DuPont technical experts globally, offer products and solutions tailored to local needs, and bring them to market faster.” The DuPont Knowledge Center is one of the four regional R&D centers of DuPont and undertakes research as well as applications development focused on science-based solutions that meet the society’s needs for more and better food, access to reliable and uninterrupted energy, better mobility and protection of people and the environment. In total, DuPont has more than 150 R&D facilities around the world. DuPont Performance Polymers is committed to working with customers throughout the world to develop new products, components and systems that help reduce dependence on fossil fuels and protect people and the environment. With more than 40 manufacturing, development and research centers throughout the world, DuPont Performance Polymers uses the industry’s broadest portfolio of plastics, elastomers, renewably sourced polymers, filaments and high-performance parts and shapes to deliver cost-effective solutions to customers in aerospace, automotive, consumer, electrical, electronic, industrial, sporting goods and other diversified industries. DuPont India is a subsidiary of the American parent. DuPont’s relationship with India began more than 200 years ago when it received its first shipment of raw materials from India to produce black powder for explosives in 1802. Today, DuPont India markets a wide range of products in varied market segments. With six production facilities in three locations, the DuPont Knowledge Center in Hyderabad and the DuPont India Innovation Center in Pune, DuPont India is delivering science-based solutions to address the needs of local markets. DuPont (NYSE: DD) has been bringing world-class science and engineering to the global marketplace in the form of innovative products, materials, and services since 1802. The company believes that by collaborating with customers, governments, NGOs, and thought leaders we can help find solutions to such global challenges as providing enough healthy food for people everywhere, decreasing dependence on fossil fuels, and protecting life and the environment. For additional information about DuPont and its commitment to inclusive innovation, please visit http://www.dupont.com	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6750
__label__wiki	0.506824	0.506824	AcademicsFacultyCarol Parke Carol Parke Department of Foundations and Leadership 412C Canevin parke@duq.edu Ph.D. Research Methodology, University of Pittsburgh M.A. Mathematics/Statistics, University of Pittsburgh B.S. Secondary Math Education, Indiana University of Pennsylvania Carol S. Parke is an Associate Professor in the Department of Educational Foundations and Leadership at Duquesne University. Her research interests are in large-scale assessment and mathematics education. Her projects include: a) studying multiple indicators of mathematics achievement in high school, b) examining the consequential validity of a state performance assessment, c) examining the alignment between state content standards, state assessments, and classroom practices in mathematics and science, and d) assisting school and district personnel in using their longitudinal student data to answer questions and inform decision-making. Her work has been published in both research and practitioner journals in measurement, assessment, math education, and statistics. She is also active in several national professional organizations. She was the program co-chair for an annual conference of the National Council on Measurement in Education (NCME) and has a math assessment book published by the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM). Research Methods and Design Educational Measurement 2005 Duquesne University Creative Teaching Award, Duquesne University 2001 Outstanding Teacher Award, College of Education, West Virginia University 1997 Student Research Award, School of Education, University of Pittsburgh, PA American Educational Research Association (AERA) National Council on Measurement in Education (NCME) National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) Middle States Accreditation Community-Engaged Teaching and Research Gumberg Library National Fellowships Resources & Technology University Catalogs 600 Forbes Ave. Email: admissions@duq.edu Faculty by School	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6751
__label__wiki	0.907138	0.907138	TOP STORIES / World Children of Argentine 'disappeared' confront past Argentina's "dirty war" of the 1970s left profound scars on the country. For some Argentines, the legacy is very personal: 30,000 people disappeared, and many of them were parents. Human rights organizations estimate the Argentine military dictatorship of the 1970s kidnapped and murdered about 30,000 people. Many of these people were parents, or about to become parents, when they disappeared. As a result, one of the many scars left by the dictatorship is that thousands of children grew up without one, or both, of their parents. The efforts these children - now adults in their mid-30s - have made to come to terms with their past form a parallel to attempts the country as a whole has made to confront its recent history. In the early 1970s, Osvaldo Mantello and his wife Maria Reyes worked in shantytowns near Buenos Aires, teaching those with no education how to read and write. The military government regarded them as subversives and kidnapped and tortured the couple. At the time, Maria Reyes was pregnant with their son. Maria was released after three months in prison; two months later, she gave birth to Juan Pablo. Osvaldo Mantello remained in prison, and was eventually murdered. Children of the disappeared Juan Pablo never met his father. When he was a little boy, his mother warned him not to tell his friends what had happened to his dad. At the time, many people were afraid the country would return to military rule. It was only when he was in high school that Mantello started to tell his friends and classmates about his father's death. "Classmates came up to me and asked things like, 'So your dad was a subversive?' You either had to explain a whole load of things or just get angry," he said. At the time when Juan Pablo Mantello finally started to talk about his father's disappearance, a shift in Argentine society had become apparent. "The first period was in 1983, with the return to democracy and the trials of the military juntas in 1985," Esteban Campos, a professor who specializes in contemporary Argentine history, told Deutsche Welle. "In the 1990s, there was a change in policy, and they pardoned the few members of the military who had been brought to justice." Changing legal framework Despite the pardons, the government acknowledged the violent legacy of the military regime in other ways. It started to allow the children of disappeared men to use their fathers' last names. The Argentine Forensic Anthropology Team's work gives families closure Previously, the only way to give a child his father's last name was assign the father the legal category of "presumed dead," Juan Pablo Mantello says. Then the government introduced the option 'forced disappearance' - the first legal step towards recognizing that the state had gotten rid of people. "When 'forced disappearance' became an option, we initiated the paperwork. It's only since I was 15 that I've had my father's last name," Mantello explained. Mantello and his family were not the only ones who refused to describe their loved ones as "presumed dead." For emotional and political reasons, many people continued to insist those who had disappeared were still alive, said historian Esteban Campos, noting that it helped them in their struggle to obtain justice. Over the years, human rights organizations demanded the "appearance, alive" of people who had disappeared - a means of keeping both the memory of the person and the struggle going. Recovering lost history 30,000 disappeared people were never heard from again, and now friends and relatives are seeking the return, if possible, of their remains. An NGO called the Argentine Forensic Anthropology Team is working to identify remains found in hidden and unmarked graves. Two years ago, the organization found and returned Osvaldo Mantello's body. "The moment we recovered the body, we started to grieve. Before that, we weren't grieving for him, because, subconsciously, you keep on hoping," said Osvaldo's son, who praised the team's work. "With each body they recover, a little piece of our lost history is recovered," he added. As the search for lost bodies continues, so does the quest for justice. In 2004, the court cases against military commanders and their civilian accomplices were reopened, and many have received prison sentences for their involvement in repression and murder. Other trials are still ongoing. Juan Pablo Mantello's mother, Maria Reyes, continued to teach classes in shantytowns for many years and now heads a school for homeless children. Juan Pablo first worked in his mother's school and now teaches cinematography in youth homes and prisons. Together, they continue the work Osvaldo Mantello can no longer carry out. Argentina's 'powerful throat' gives slums a voice Argentinean slums go mobile: The magazine "La Garganta Poderosa" has gained the support of Leo Messi and Diego Maradona in its fight against media clichés, giving voice to the city's least-privileged inhabitants. (25.09.2012) Argentine ex-president appears on corruption charges Argentina has put former President Fernando de la Rua in the dock on charges of corruption. De la Rua is alleged to have paid senators to vote through employment legislation during the country’s financial crisis. (15.08.2012) Argentina: Insufficient pay for teachers Poorly paid instructors and many missed days of school are marring public education in Argentina, diminishing the standing the country once enjoyed in education. Rural schools face especially big problems. (03.05.2012) Author Eilís O'Neill, Buenos Aires / db Related Subjects Argentina, Máxima Keywords Argentina, Argentine, disappeared, military junta, Argentine Forensic Anthropology Team Permalink https://p.dw.com/p/16IDg Argentina court sentences ex-Ford executives on torture, kidnapping charges 11.12.2018 The men were given long jail terms for turning a Ford factory into a detention center during Argentina's dictatorship. At least 24 employees and labor leaders at Ford were kidnapped and tortured. Argentine navy ramps up hunt for missing German-built submarine with 44 crew 18.11.2017 Argentina's defense ministry has detected 'satellite calls' it believes came from the missing submarine. The ARA San Juan disappeared three days ago while on a routine mission. Missing Argentine submarine: 'New noises' not from sub, says navy 20.11.2017 Argentina's navy says a second set of undersea noises, detected by sonar, did not come from a missing submarine. The vessel, with 44 crew members on board, reported a breakdown last week and then disappeared.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6752
__label__cc	0.544574	0.455426	Careers at Darling Homes and Taylor Morrison Create Account\|Login Dallas, TX Houston, TX By entering my contact information and clicking Submit, I give my permission for Taylor Morrison and its representatives to call or email with information that may be of interest to me. Privacy Policy FINDYOUR NEW HOME Please select an area where you would like to live. Darling Homes Additional areas by Taylor Morrison Fort Myers Naples WHYDARLING HOMES YOURWARRANTY FINANCEWITH DARLING PLEASE READ THE FOLLOWING TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE OF THIS WEB SITE ("Terms of Use") CAREFULLY BEFORE USING THIS WEBSITE. All users ("Users") of this Web Site agree that access to or any other use of this Web Site is subject to the following Terms of Use and all other applicable laws. If you do not agree to these Terms of Use, please do not use this Web Site. 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__label__wiki	0.665811	0.665811	Updates From The Arts & Culture World First India China Film Festival The film festival is being organized during the first India-China High-Level Mechanism on Cultural and People-to-People Exchanges. This is an effort to strengthen and deepen cultural understanding between the two countries. The three day India China Film Festival will be held at Sri Fort Auditorium in New Delhi from December 22 to December 24, 2018. Jackie Chan's 2012 action movie ‘CZ12’ will open the India-China Film Festival. Transfer of Land from FTII to NFAI The National Film Archive of India (NFAI) and Film & Television Institute of India (FTII) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on December 20, 2018. The MoU is for transfer of three acres of land belonging to FTII at their Kothrud campus in Pune to NFAI. This is for the construction of storage facility for films and film material. Film-centric Entertainment Destination The Maharashtra government has approved a film-centric entertainment destination to be developed by the Mahindra Group in Kandivali, a suburb of Mumbai. The Bollywood theme-based tourism project will be developed on 82,950.5 sqm area belonging to the Mahindra Group at an investment of Rs 1,900 crore. Karavali Utsav in Mangaluru the Dakshina Kannada district administration has organised the Karavali Utsav-2018, from December 21 to 30, 2018. The purpose is to revive the heritage and culture of old Mangaluru Mahendra Singh Dhoni in the Jaipur Wax Museum The Jaipur Wax Museum at Nahargarh Fort, marked its second anniversary by unveiling a wax statue of cricketer M.S. Dhoni on December 17, 2018. The wax figure weighs 56 kg, of which 19 kg is wax and the rest is fibre. At five feet and nine inches, it has been designed by sculptor Susanta Roy.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6760
__label__wiki	0.896855	0.896855	For Patagonia CEO, monument fight's a 'moral issue' Maxine Joselow, E&E News reporter Greenwire: Friday, November 17, 2017 Patagonia CEO Rose Marcario says the company's activism is "not really a political issue so much as it is a moral issue." Patagonia When most people think of Patagonia, they think of outdoor apparel and gear. Challenging the Trump administration doesn't immediately come to mind. CEO Rose Marcario wants to change that. The Italian-American, who spent 15 years in private equity, has helped the company launch high-profile attacks on the administration's proposed rollbacks of public lands protections. E&E SERIES Energy and environmental newsmakers dish on politics, pet peeves and their TV addictions. Click here to read more stories in this series. In April, Patagonia Inc. threatened to sue if Interior Secretary Ryan Zinke recommended shrinking Bears Ears National Monument in Utah after a nationwide review of monuments ordered by the president. The company is now gearing up for that courtroom battle. Under Marcario's leadership, Patagonia has also been active in challenging the Dakota Access pipeline and other energy infrastructure projects. The company's activism is "not really a political issue so much as it is a moral issue," Marcario said in a recent interview. She recently sat down with E&E News to discuss protecting national monuments, opposing drilling in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge and being a "champion-level" chess player in elementary school. How did you end up at Patagonia? I had a really good career by any measure. I was in finance and private equity, and I was CFO of a public company. But I got disillusioned with business. I felt like what business was doing to the planet and to people, in the end, wasn't really good. So I went through sort of a midlife crisis, and then I heard about this opportunity at Patagonia. I came to work with Patagonia as the CFO in 2008. Why did Patagonia start fighting the Trump administration's rollbacks of public lands protections? We've been in business for 44 years. We have been supporting the protection of public lands for over 30 years. And we had never seen an administration make such an all-out assault on public lands. This monument review undertaken by Secretary Zinke to reduce or negate monuments that were designated by three past presidents is something that we've never seen in our entire time working on these issues. So that got our attention. We've been proud to play a big part over the years in establishing a lot of these monuments. And we weren't going to see them torn down without a fight. Were you disheartened to learn of Zinke's recommendation to shrink Bears Ears National Monument? We really haven't heard anything official yet. But it sounds like that's the direction it's going in. It is incredibly problematic and heart-wrenching for everyone who's been involved in this issue. What I'm encouraged about, though, is that we have support from hikers and climbers and hunters and anglers. They're with us all the way, as are the tribal leaders who are working in that area. We'll continue to fight up to a lawsuit. So we're working on that. We're planning to file it, assuming that we get bad news. Patagonia was involved in fighting the Dakota Access pipeline. What's the next pipeline battle on the horizon? We are still continuing to do everything we can to support grass-roots activism around the country that's working on issues of oil and gas development that's bad for people and the planet. But I think the biggest issue on the horizon right now is drilling in the Arctic refuge. It would be an American tragedy if it's allowed to happen. It's one of the last pristine landscapes in the country, and it's also home to tribal nations that rely on the ecosystems there to live. We've made some films about the area and the fight there to protect the refuge. And we're working really closely with policymakers on the issue of protection in the refuge. We're extremely concerned about these last wild places being destroyed by oil and gas, most of which is going to be exported to China anyway. What are your thoughts on President Trump? I don't waste too much time on that, to be honest. I don't really think about him as a person so much as I think about the policies that are going on. It really concerns me that there are people in America who don't believe in climate science when we've been having the hottest years on record and the most intense storms. We just had two of the biggest wildfires in California's history. And people are burying their heads in the sand along political lines, which I think is completely ridiculous. I don't understand politicians who won't come to terms with the facts that are right before our eyes. What would you tell someone who rejects mainstream climate science? I would say look around you. Look what's happening in the world. Read. Get informed. And see that it's already having a huge impact in places that aren't in the United States, where sea-level rise and rising temperatures are creating climate refugees. Just get educated outside of whatever crazy bubble you're in right now. What is your family like? I came from Italian immigrants primarily. So my family is mostly sort of self-made people. I'm probably one of the few people in my family that has an advanced degree. But I feel really proud of being part of the immigrant experience in the United States and really proud to be an American. And my family really instilled that in me. And they also instilled in me the idea that you fight for things that are right, and you stay active in civil society, and you engage in making things better. I'm super grateful that I had that as my background and experience. It helped me a lot when I needed to do some difficult things in my role as CEO of Patagonia. I love to sea kayak, and that is my fun, when I can get away to do it. There are great places along the central coast of California. There's great kayaking right outside my door here in Ventura, Calif. What's something most people don't know about you? I would say most people don't know that I was a very good champion-level chess player when I was in grade school. Twitter: @maxinejoselow Email: mjoselow@eenews.net	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6761
__label__wiki	0.640399	0.640399	Lavabit Encrypted Email Service Shuts Down, Can’t Say Why Commentary by Kurt Opsahl Lavabit announced today that it would shut down its encrypted email service rather than “become complicit in crimes against the American people.” Lavabit did not say what it had been asked to do, only that it was legally prohibited from sharing the events leading to its decision. Lavabit was an email provider, apparently used by Edward Snowden along with other privacy sensitive users, with an avowed mission to offer an “e-mail service that never sacrifices privacy for profits” and promised to “only release private information if legally compelled by the courts in accordance with the United States Constitution.” It backed up this claim by encrypting all emails on Lavabit servers such that Lavabit did not have the ability to access a user's email (Lavabit’s white paper), at least without that user's passphrase, which the email provider did not store. Given the impressive powers of the government to obtain emails and records from service providers, both with and without legal authority, it is encouraging to see service providers take steps to limit their ability to access user data, as Lavabit had done. But now it’s gone. Here is Lavabit's statement in full: My Fellow Users, I have been forced to make a difficult decision: to become complicit in crimes against the American people or walk away from nearly ten years of hard work by shutting down Lavabit. After significant soul searching, I have decided to suspend operations. I wish that I could legally share with you the events that led to my decision. I cannot. I feel you deserve to know what’s going on--the first amendment is supposed to guarantee me the freedom to speak out in situations like this. Unfortunately, Congress has passed laws that say otherwise. As things currently stand, I cannot share my experiences over the last six weeks, even though I have twice made the appropriate requests. What’s going to happen now? We’ve already started preparing the paperwork needed to continue to fight for the Constitution in the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals. A favorable decision would allow me resurrect Lavabit as an American company. This experience has taught me one very important lesson: without congressional action or a strong judicial precedent, I would _strongly_ recommend against anyone trusting their private data to a company with physical ties to the United States. Ladar Levison Owner and Operator, Lavabit LLC Defending the constitution is expensive! Help us by donating to the Lavabit Legal Defense Fund here. It’s rare to see an email provider choose to go out of business rather than compromise its values. It must have been a hard decision for Ladar Levison, but he remained true to his promise to put privacy before profits. It was also hard on the users, some of whom lost access to email not available elsewhere. Lavabit's ominous note and the lack of information about this case is especially concerning for users of large communication service providers like Facebook and Google that may well have been subject to similar pressure, and we hope they will continue to fight for the user in the face of government demands, even if not recognized for years. Already, Lavabit's note has led to Silent Circle dropping its email service, saying "We see the writing [on] the wall, and we have decided that it is best for us to shut down Silent Mail now. We have not received subpoenas, warrants, security letters, or anything else by any government, and this is why we are acting now." Moving forward, we need more transparency so the public can know and understand what led to a ten-year-old business closing its doors and a new start-up abandoning a business opportunity. Hopefully Congress will get concerned, especially when there are American jobs at stake. Lavabit’s post indicates that there was a gag order, and that there is an ongoing appeal before the Fourth Circuit. We call on the government and the courts to unseal enough of the docket to allow, at a minimum, the public to know the legal authority asserted, both for the gag and the substance, and give Lavabit the breathing room to participate in the vibrant and critical public debates on the extent of email privacy in an age of warrantless bulk surveillance by the NSA. Lavabit	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6762
__label__wiki	0.797495	0.797495	John Gill Lancaster (1883–1950) At the time of his death in 1950, John Gill Lancaster was described as “one of the best-known electrical engineers in New Zealand… During the last 30 years he had taken a leading part in the development of electric power and lighting in the Dominion” (Evening Post, 12 October 1950). John Lancaster, circa 1944, Past Presidents Album, IPENZ. Lancaster was born in Christchurch in December 1883 and attended Sydenham School and Christchurch Boys' High School. He was awarded a Junior University Scholarship in 1900 to study at Canterbury University College. He excelled and was also awarded a Senior University Scholarship. He graduated in 1904 with a Master of Science degree, with double first-class honours in Mathematics and Chemistry. Subsequently he graduated as Bachelor of Engineering under Professor Robert Julian Scott (1861–1930). After a brief period teaching mathematics at Otago Boys High School Lancaster went to England in 1907 and then on to the United States of America to gain practical experience in electrical engineering with the Westinghouse Electrical Company. He eventually returned to the Southern Hemisphere, working in Australia for the New South Wales Public Works Department under John Job Crew Bradfield (designer of the Sydney Harbour Bridge). One of Lancaster’s tasks was creating a scheme for the electrification of the Sydney metropolitan railways. Lancaster also worked in Sir George Julius’ practice in Sydney. In 1920 Lancaster returned to New Zealand and went into partnership with FC Hay and Hugh Vickerman in Wellington. The firm later became Vickerman and Lancaster, and Lancaster was a partner until his death. The firm completed work for many electric power boards and other electrical supply authorities around New Zealand, as well as for local authorities, hospital boards, and large industrial companies. Lancaster was a life member of New Zealand’s Electric Supply Authority Engineers’ Institute, of which he was President in 1934–34 and ex officiomember of its executive until his death. He was a Member of the New Zealand Institution of Engineers (now the Institution of Professional Engineers New Zealand (IPENZ)) and President in 1943–44. He had a keen and active interest in the Institution demonstrated by serving “on the Council and in various offices on committees in a most selfless and generous spirit” (Proceedings, p 452). Lancaster died in his Seatoun, Wellington, home on 11 October 1950. ‘Obituary,’ New Zealand Engineering, November 1950, pp 1033–34. Proceedings of New Zealand Institution of Engineers, Vol.37 (1951), pp 451–52.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6765
__label__wiki	0.922557	0.922557	China supports North Korea's commitment to denuclearization Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi has praised Pyongyang's efforts towards "denuclearization on the Korean Peninsula." Wang's visit is part of an international effort to further peace on the Korean Peninsula. China's foreign minister, Wang Yi, congratulated his North Korean counterpart, Ri Yong Ho, on last week's historic meeting between the leaders of North and South Korea, Kim Jong Un and Moon Jae-in. He also said that he hoped talks between the United States and the North would be "smooth and achieve substantial progress." US President Donald Trump is set to meet Kim in May or June, with denuclearization high on the agenda. Beijing "fully backs... [North Korea's] efforts to achieve the goal of denuclearization on the Korean Peninsula," Wang said in Pyongyang, according to China's official Xinhua News Agency. Watch video 00:27 Germany welcomes move towards peace on the Korean peninsula Read more: South Korea's Moon Jae-in: Give the Nobel to Donald Trump Ri said Pyongyang will "maintain close communications with China on how to realize denuclearization and establish peace mechanisms on the Korean Peninsula, while enhancing dialogue with all parties concerned," according to Xinhua. Wang also met North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, according to a one-line statement by the Foreign Ministry on its official microblog. No further details were given. China keen to be seen as peace broker Wang's visit is the first of a high-ranking Chinese politician since 2007 despite China being North Korea's primary ally since the fall of the Soviet Union. China supported UN sanctions against North Korea after the North's missile and nuclear tests last year. Read more: North Korea to shut down nuclear test site in May, Seoul says Beijing is now keen, however, to show it is part of a subsequent international effort to bring about peace between the two Koreas, who are still technically at war, as the 1950-53 Korean War ended in an armistice, with no peace deal signed. During last week's meeting, Kim and Moon agreed, among other things, to work towards a peace accord. Kim had traveled to China in April, his first overseas trip since taking power in 2011, just days after the countries' foreign ministers met in China. Wang emphasized China's role in what many hope will be a turn into a genuine peace process, saying that Beijing hopes to "continue to play a positive role in seeking a political solution to the Korean Peninsula issue." Read more: Korean family reunions: too little, too late? ng/msh (AFP, AP) North Korea: Donald Trump and Kim Jong Un's nuclear saga January 2, 2017: Missile test imminent North Korean leader Kim Jong Un said in his New Year’s address that his country was in the "final stages" of launching an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM). US President-elect Donald Trump, whose inauguration was set for January 20, said on Twitter: "North Korea just stated that it is in the final stages of developing a nuclear weapon capable of reaching parts of the US. It won't happen!" July 4, 2017: North Korea's 'gift packages' North Korea tested its first ICBM — the Hwasong-14 — on US Independence Day. Kim reportedly told his scientists that "the US would be displeased" by the launch. This, he said, was because "it was given a 'package of gifts' ... on its 'Independence Day.'" Trump wrote on Twitter in response: "North Korea has just launched another missile. Does this guy have anything better to do with his life?" July 28, 2017: US mainland threatened Pyongyang tested its second Hwasong-14 weeks later. Experts estimated the new rocket could reach the US mainland. Trump lashed out at North Korean ally China, writing in a Tweet: "I am very disappointed in China. Our foolish past leaders have allowed them to make hundreds of billions of dollars a year in trade, yet they do NOTHING for us with North Korea, just talk." August 8, 2017: 'Fire and fury' Trump appeared to threaten swift military action against Pyongyang when he told reporters: "North Korea best not make any more threats to the United States. They will be met with fire and fury like the world has never seen." North Korea responded by threatening to fire a medium-range ballistic missile into the waters around Guam, a US territory in the Pacific Ocean. It did not follow through. August 29, 2017: Japan rocket test Pyongyang sparked international outcry when it test-launched a mid-range ballistic missile — the Hwasong-12 — over Japan. The UN Security Council unanimously condemned the test. Trump said in a White House statement: "Threatening and destabilizing actions only increase the North Korean regime’s isolation in the region and among all nations of the world. All options are on the table." September 3, 2017: Hydrogen bomb test North Korea announced it had successfully tested its sixth nuclear weapon. Pyongyang said it was a powerful type of nuclear weapon called a hydrogen bomb and that it could be placed on top of a ballistic missile. Trump wrote on Twitter: "The United States is considering, in addition to other options, stopping all trade with any country doing business with North Korea." September 19, 2017: Threat to 'Rocket Man' In his first speech at the United Nations, Trump called North Korea a "rogue state" and said Washington "will have no choice than to totally destroy North Korea" if Pyongyang failed to stop its nuclear weapons program. Referring to Kim, he added: "Rocket man is on a suicide mission for himself and his regime." Kim called Trump a "mentally-deranged US dotard" two days later. November 29, 2017: Third ICBM test North Korea test-fired its third ICBM of 2017. Pyongyang claimed it was a new missile, the Hwasong-15, which was superior to the Hwasong-14 and could hit any target on the US mainland. The US urged allies, including Germany, to break diplomatic ties with North Korea. Berlin ignored the call. Trump also called Kim a "sick puppy." January 3, 2018: Who's got the bigger button? Kim said in his 2018 New Year's address that the North had completed its nuclear weapons program and that a "nuclear button" was on his desk at all times. Trump wrote two days later on Twitter: "Will someone from his depleted and food starved regime please inform him that I too have a Nuclear Button, but it is a much bigger & more powerful one than his, and my Button works!" February 10, 2018: Tensions thawing? South Korean President Moon Jae-in welcomed Kim's sister, Kim Yo Jong, at the presidential house in the South Korean capital. She handed a letter to Moon inviting him to meet the North Korean leader in Pyongyang. Tensions appeared to be thawing. Seoul and Pyongyang had already agreed to send a unified hockey team to compete at the Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea. March 6, 2018: Momentum builds South Korean National Security Adviser Chung Eui-yong led a delegation on March 5 to Pyongyang to discuss the potential for peace talks. The next day, Chung said both sides had agreed to hold a joint summit in April and set up a telephone hotline between the two capitals. He also said Pyongyang would agree to stop its nuclear weapons and missile tests if the US agreed to hold talks with the North. March 9, 2018: Trump agrees Chung flew on to Washington, D.C. to speak with Trump. After the meeting, Chung told reporters the US president had agreed to meet Kim by May. Trump later wrote on Twitter: "no missile testing by North Korea during this period of time. Great progress being made but sanctions will remain until an agreement is reached. Meeting being planned!" Foreign leaders welcomed the historic breakthrough. April 19, 2018: 'Denuclearization' A week before the scheduled meeting at the border between South Korean President Moon Jae-in and North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, Moon said North Korea wanted "an end to the hostile relations" and had expressed a commitment to "complete denuclearization" of the peninsula. The next day, the telephone hotline was connected for the first time since February 2016, so Moon and Kim could talk directly. April 21, 2018: Kim ends missile tests Kim announced North Korea would stop nuclear and missile tests. Kim said: "We no longer need any nuclear test or test launches of intermediate and intercontinental range ballistic missiles, and because of this the northern nuclear test site has finished its mission." However, no mention was made of its stored nuclear materials and equipment. April 27, 2018: Historic summit Kim and Moon Jae-in meet in the border town of Panmunjom in the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) that has divided the two Koreas since the Korean War in 1953. The two leaders vowed to work towards a nuclear-free Korea and pledged an end to war. It was the first time a North Korean leader had set foot across the border since the 1950s and paves the diplomatic way for a Trump-Kim meeting in May or June. April 30, 2018: Seoul turns off broadcasts South Korea announces its propaganda loudspeakers are to be switched off for good. They had been silenced temporarily ahead of the inter-Korean summit, which prompted the North to halt its broadcasts, too. Pyongyang also said it would adjust its time zone to that of the South as a symbolic gesture. North Korea has been half an hour behind the South since 2015. May 24, 2018: Trump calls off Kim summit After North Korea slammed US Vice President Mike Pence for comparing North Korea and Libya, Donald Trump abruptly canceled the summit. Trump said the move was due to "tremendous anger and open hostility" displayed by Pyongyang. June 1, 2018: Trump backtracks A day after scrapping the summit, Trump suggested he was still open to meeting Kim. US and North Korean officials met during the following week and on June 1, Trump met one of Kim's closest aides, Kim Yong Chol, in the White House. Shortly thereafter, Trump said the summit would indeed take place on June 12 in Singapore. "I think you're going to have a very positive result in the end," he said. June 12, 2018: Smiles in Singapore Trump and Kim met in Singapore as planned. They smiled, shook hands and praised how far they had come in overcoming their previous animosity. The summit ended with both leaders signing a short joint declaration that committed Pyongyang to denuclearize and the US to providing unspecified "security guarantees" to the North. Trump also said he would invite Kim to the White House. Author: Alexander Pearson, Nicole Goebel North and South Korea: how different are they? As Kim Jong Un and Moon Jae-in held their landmark meeting, the world's attention turns to the Korean Peninsula — a region with deep historical and cultural similarities but stark ideological differences. (26.04.2018) Trump-Kim Jong Un meeting: How the world reacted US President Donald Trump has said he will meet the North Korean leader by the end of May. South Korea said the meeting would put denuclearization "on track," while China warned things would "not be smooth sailing." (09.03.2018) Kim Jong Un pledges 'denuclearization' in talks with Chinese President Xi Jinping Chinese and South Korean state media have confirmed North Korean leader Kim Jong Un has met Chinese President Xi Jinping in Beijing. Kim told Xi his regime was "committed to denuclearization" ahead of talks with the US. (28.03.2018) Korean family reunions: Too little, too late? Leaders of the two Koreas agreed to resume reunions of war-separated Korean families at their recent summit. But this hasn't brought much solace to the affected North and South Korean families. Alexander Freund reports. (30.04.2018) North Korea hails summit with South as 'immortal achievement' North Korea's news agency has glorified leader Kim Jong Un's "historic meeting" with South Korean's Moon Jae-in. Meanwhile, South Korean media expressed cautious optimism, saying "there is a long way to go." (28.04.2018) North Korea to shut nuclear test site in May, Seoul says South Korea has said Pyongyang has promised to close its nuclear testing site next month in the presence of US experts. The pledge follows last week's historic inter-Korean summit. (29.04.2018) South Korea's Moon Jae-in: Give the Nobel to Donald Trump South Korean President Moon Jae-in has put forth a surprising nominee for the 2018 Nobel Peace Prize: Donald Trump. The US president hopes to meet Kim Jong Un at the site where the Korean leaders held talks days ago. (30.04.2018) South Korea's self-appointed 'patriots' protest against rapprochement with North Korea After the historic summit of the two Korean heads of state, South Korea's nationalists are mobilizing to oppose closer ties. But, the majority of the population remains optimistic. Alexander Freund reports from Seoul. (30.04.2018) North Korea: Donald Trump and Kim Jong-Un's nuclear saga North Korea's "rocket man" and America's "dotard" once threatened to fire nuclear weapons at each other. Now they want to discuss peace. DW charts the major events in the Trump-Kim story. (09.03.2018) Related Subjects People's Republic of China, North Korea, Donald Trump, Kim Jong Un Keywords China, North Korea, Korean peninsula, Wang Yi, Kim Jong Un, Donald Trump, denuclearization, missile, nuclear tests Permalink https://p.dw.com/p/2x4gX Opinion: Donald Trump strolls through Kim Jong Un's North Korean minefield 30.06.2019 More progress has been made to end the Korean conflict under US President Donald Trump than in 60 years. If Trump's unconventional approach secures peace, he deserves recognition for it, writes DW's Alexander Freund. Trump meets Kim at Korean Demilitarized Zone 30.06.2019 North Korean leader Kim Jong Un has met US President Donald Trump at the Demilitarized Zone that divides South and North Korea for a "handshake for peace." It is the third time Kim and Trump have met in over a year. Xi Jinping arrives in North Korea 20.06.2019 Chinese President Xi Jinping became the first leader of his country to travel to Pyongyang in 14 years. The trip comes as he and Kim Jong Un seek to improve bilateral relations.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6766
__label__wiki	0.605536	0.605536	Research Collections (20) Elgar Advanced Introductions (2) China-European Union Investment Relationships Edited by Julien Chaisse Based on original research, and bringing together expert contributors, this book provides a critical analysis of the current law and policy between the EU and China, both internally and internationally. Covering key topics on the subject, this book draws together diverse perspectives into a single collection, and is an invaluable tool for both scholars and practitioners of trade and investment law, as well as human rights and environmental law and policy. Learn More Administrative Justice in the UN Niamh Kinchin The UN’s capacity as an administrative decision-maker that affects the rights of individuals is a largely overlooked aspect of its role in international affairs. This book explores the potential for a model of administrative justice that might act as a benchmark to which global decision-makers could develop procedural standards. Applied to the UN’s internal justice, refugee status determination, NGO participation and the Security Council, the global administrative justice model is used to appraise the existing procedural protections within UN administrative decision-making. Learn More Trade Liberalization Edited by Romain Wacziarg This compelling two-volume collection presents the major literary contributions to the economic analysis of the consequences of trade liberalization on growth, productivity, labor market outcomes and economic inequality. Examining the classical theories that stress gains from trade stemming from comparative advantage, the selection also comprises more recent theories of imperfect competition, where any potential gains from trade can stem from competitive effects or the international transmission of knowledge. Empirical contributions provide evidence regarding the explanatory power of these various theories, including work on the effects of trade openness on economic growth, wages, and income inequality, as well as evidence on the effects of trade on firm productivity, entry and exit. Prefaced by an original introduction from the editor, the collection will to be an invaluable research resource for academics, practitioners and those drawn to this fascinating topic. Learn More Edited by Axel Marx, Jan Wouters Global governance emerged as a concept more than two decades ago. Despite its relevance to key processes underlying the major public policy questions of our age, the contours of 'global governance' remain contested and elusive. This Research Collection seeks to clarify key trends and challenges in global governance by bringing together the leading scholarship on its different forms. Alongside an original introduction by the editors, the carefully selected contributions discuss key issues in relation to global governance institutions: democracy, legitimacy, accountability, fragmentation, effectiveness and dispute settlement. Learn More Handbook of Research on International Consumer Law, Second Edition Edited by Geraint Howells, Iain Ramsay, Thomas Wilhelmsson Consumer law and policy continues to be of great concern to both national and international regulatory bodies, and the second edition of the Handbook of Research on International Consumer Law provides an updated international and comparative analysis of the central legal and policy issues, in both developed and developing economies. Learn More Investment Treaty Arbitration Kaj Hobér, Joel Dahlquist Cullborg Investment Treaty Arbitration is an excellent teaching tool for lecturers and readers of international investment arbitration. This casebook includes over 40 exercises based on real-life disputes, helping readers evaluate and analyse all aspects of the topic. Learn More Proportionality, Reasonableness and Standards of Review in International Investment Law and Arbitration Valentina Vadi International investment law is one of the most dynamic fields of international law, and yet it has been criticised for failing to strike a fair balance between private and public interests. In this valuable contribution to the current debate, Valentina Vadi examines the merits and pitfalls of arbitral tribunals’ use of the concepts of proportionality and reasonableness to review the compatibility of a state’s regulatory actions with its obligations under international investment law. Learn More International Investment Law and History Edited by Stephan W. Schill, Christian J. Tams, Rainer Hofmann Historiographical approaches in international investment law scholarship are becoming ever more important. This insightful book combines perspectives from a range of expert international law scholars who explore ways in which using a broad variety of methods in historical research can lead to a better understanding of international investment law. Learn More Public Private Partnership for WTO Dispute Settlement Amrita Bahri Public Private Partnership for WTO Dispute Settlement is an interdisciplinary work examining the growing interaction between business entities and public officials. Crucially, it identifies how this relationship can enable developing countries to effectively utilize the provisions of the World Trade Organization Dispute Settlement Understanding (WTO DSU). Learn More Accession to the World Trade Organization Dylan Geraets This detailed and perceptive book examines the extent and scope of how rules for accession to the WTO may vary between countries, approaching the concerns that some countries enter with a better deal than others. Dylan Geraets critiques these additional ‘rules’ and aims to answer the question of whether new Members of the WTO are under stricter rules than the original Members, whilst analysing the accession process to the multilateral trading system. Learn More Elgar Encyclopedia of International Economic Law Edited by Thomas Cottier, Krista Nadakavukaren Schefer The Encyclopedia is the definitive reference work on international economic law. This comprehensive resource helps redefine the field by presenting international economic law in its broadest, real-world context. Organized thematically rather than alphabetically, the subject is split into four principal sections: the foundations and architecture of international economic law, its principles, its main regulatory areas, and the future challenges that it faces. Comprising over 250 entries written by leading scholars and practitioners, traditional international economic law subject matter is supplemented by coverage of newly developing areas. Thus, the concepts and rules of trade, investment, finance and international tax law are found alongside entries discussing the relationship of international economic law with environmental protection, social standards, development, and human rights. The concise entries present an accessible and condensed overview of each topic within its legal context. Contributors offer insight into how institutions interact with each other and other legal systems, in addition to providing individual overviews of their history, structure, principles and procedures. Selected references follow each entry, suggesting directions for further detailed exploration of the topic. This Encyclopedia is an invaluable resource for both practitioners and academics. It acts as a handy reference to all areas of international economic law, and provides the ideal starting point for any research journey. Key features: • valuable reference tool for scholars, students and practitioners • organised thematically, covering newly developing areas of international economic law • concise, structured entries from the top experts in the field • selected references for further study. Learn More Regulatory Autonomy in International Economic Law Andrew D. Mitchell, Elizabeth Sheargold, Tania Voon Regulatory Autonomy in International Economic Law provides the first extensive legal analysis of Australia’s trade and investment treaties in the context of their impact on national regulatory autonomy. This thought-provoking study offers compelling lessons for not only Australia but also countries around the globe in relation to pressing current problems, including the uncertain future of the World Trade Organization and widespread concerns about the legitimacy of investor–State dispute settlement. Learn More Environmental Border Tax Adjustments and International Trade Law Alice Pirlot This timely book brings clarity to the debate on the new legal phenomenon of environmental border tax adjustments. It will help form a better understanding of the role and limits these taxes have on environmental policies in combating global environmental challenges, such as climate change. Learn More Natural Resources and Sustainable Development Edited by Celine Tan, Julio Faundez Examining the law, regulation and governance of natural resources, this timely work addresses the conflicts and contradictions arising at the intersection between international economic law, sustainable development and other areas of international law, most notably human rights law and environmental law. Bringing together a collection of legal and policy expertise from a range of academic and practitioner perspectives, this book will appeal to scholars of law, political science, international relations, political economy and development studies. Learn More Handbook of Research on Counterfeiting and Illicit Trade Edited by Peggy E. Chaudhry This unique Handbook provides multiple perspectives on the growth of illicit trade, primarily exploring counterfeits and internet piracy. It includes expert opinion on a wide range of topics including the evaluation of key global enforcement issues, government and private-sector agency initiatives to stifle illicit trade, and the evolution of piracy on the internet. The authors also assess the efficacy of anti-counterfeiting strategies such as targeted consumer campaigns, working with intermediaries in the supply chain, authentication technology, and online brand protection. Learn More Research Handbook on UN Sanctions and International Law Edited by Larissa van den Herik Since the end of the Cold War we have witnessed an unprecedented intensification of the use of sanctions by the UN Security Council. This study of the current practice of UN sanctions in international law includes the different types of UN sanctions regimes, notably counter-terrorism regimes, counter-proliferation regimes and conflict-resolution regimes. It covers their interrelationship with other regimes and substantive areas of law, as well as issues arising from their implementation and application at the domestic level. Learn More Local Engagement with International Economic Law and Human Rights Edited by Ljiljana Biukovic, Pitman B. Potter Providing an analysis of global regulation and the impact of international organizations on domestic laws, this collection grew out of a central objective to explore methods of domestic engagement with international trade and human rights norms, and the inherent difficulties in establishing balanced links between these two international law regimes. The common thread of the papers in this collection is a focus on the application of socio-legal normative paradigms in building knowledge and policy support for coordinating local performance with international trade and human rights standards in ways that are mutually sustaining. Learn More North-South Regional Trade Agreements as Legal Regimes Clair Gammage This book offers a critical reflection of the North-South regional trade agreements (RTAs), known as the Economic Partnership Agreements, negotiated between the EU and the African, Caribbean, and Pacific countries. Conceiving of regions as legal regimes, Clair Gammage highlights the challenges facing developing countries when negotiating RTAs with developed countries and interrogates the assumption that these agreements will and can promote sustainable development through trade. Learn More EU Internet Law Andrej Savin This comprehensive book provides a detailed overview of EU internet regulation in all its key areas, as well as giving a critical evaluation of EU policymaking and governance. This thoroughly revised second edition includes latest developments in the case law of the Court of Justice. It also discusses pending proposals in telecommunications, copyright and privacy laws as well as the new directions in internet regulation resulting from the Commission’s 2015 strategy document. Learn More Global Environmental Protection through Trade Barbara Cooreman Despite an increasing global awareness of environmental concerns, setting internationally binding and ambitious commitments has proven exceedingly complex. As states are seeking alternative methods to support global environmental protection, this book takes a closer look at the possibility of using national trade measures that make market access conditional on the environmental impact of the production process abroad. Learn More	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6767
__label__cc	0.664323	0.335677	Doug Hawco Doug Hawco - Friday Night Genre: Americana, Country, Folk, Pop, Singer-Songwriter With the 2018 release of his second album Follow, Doug Hawco strives to continue to make music which touches the heartstrings of his listener with inspiring, thought-provoking, challenging folk-inspired melodies. Blurring the lines of genre, Doug incorporates elements of Pop. Folk, Rock, and Blues with his unique splash of Avant-Garde to create a personal sound fueled by emotion rather than definition. Led by the single, Friday Night, Doug Hawco maintains a vibrant, positive, and confident approach to folk, relative to his surroundings, and heritage. A tribute to the East-Coast Canadian spirit. With the success of his debut album, Life on The Water, in 2017, Doug presents a mature and professional outlook to his art. Through his perspective, he continues to be caught up in his music which enables him to connect with his audience through his performance. Notable achievements of Doug Hawco’s 20 years of performance include; • Follow is charted as Number 10 in the Top 60 East Coast Albums of 2018 on CIOE FM, Halifax • Nominated for 2018 Nova Scotia Music Awards for “Folk Recording of the Year” • Nominated for 2017 Josie Music Awards for “Artist of the Year” in Folk/Bluegrass/Americana • Beach Time featured in the award-winning short film, Prescription. • Advocate for Canadian Brain Tumor Foundation donated all proceeds from 2017 Atlantic Canadian Tour to the foundation. Growing up in St. John’s, Newfoundland, and now residing in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Doug has the uncanny ability to “turn negative experiences into positive influences through his broad and unique songwriting style, with stories that will make you want to smile, dance or cry.” In regards to the intimate nature of his music, it has been reflected, “A stadium of 5000, or a cafe of 20 audiences will be clapping and singing along with his performance.” Join Doug Hawco on his musical journey at www.doughawco.ca	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6769
__label__cc	0.723183	0.276817	Black Taweez with Yellow-colored Spells for Generating Loving-Kindness and Tender Mercy Islamic amulets or talismans in the form of a locket are originally called taweez or ta'wiz. Taweez are designed for several different purposes; this taweez, however, is made for a specific purpose, namely to generate loving-kindness and tender mercy upon the wearer of the talisman. Hence, the maker of the this taweez – an Islamic mystic from Yogyakarta in Central Java, Indonesia – used a traditional set of powerful magical spells to endow the talisman with the mystical properties of compassion (raḥīm) and mercy (raḥma). Both the front and rear face of the talisman features handwritten Islamic spells and Arabic letterings on the exterior surface of the black cloth from which the taweez is made. The cloth also conceals additional sacred contents, which are sewed up to retain the magical power of the talisman. Then there is a tiny metal loop at the top of the locket through which you can slide a cord, so that you can wear it as a necklace cord with the talisman attached. But, of course, one can also use the metal loop to hang the taweez somewhere in one's home or place of work (office, shop, etc.). This is sometimes preferred by people who do not like to wear jewelry, but still want to wear a talisman with them; when s/he is about to leave the place where the taweez is kept, one can still bring it along in one's pocket, bag, or wallet. Traditional Indonesian amulets of this kind are considered a genuine rarity, for they are generally known to possess extremely effective magical powers. Moreover, this particular type of Indonesian talisman can be used by both Muslims and non-Muslims. Indeed, the majority of authentic Indonesian mystical objects will work regardless of a person's religious affiliation, simply because the magic used in Indonesian mystical tradition was already being practiced long before the arrival of the major world religions in Indonesia. © Indo Magic.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6770
__label__wiki	0.785039	0.785039	Q+A: Ridley Scott's Star Wars The director on Prometheus, what he thinks about God (not so pleasant) and aliens (a little more so), and his next movie By Eric Spitznagel If I could pick just one word to describe Prometheus, Ridley Scott's highly-anticipated quasi-prequel to his 1979 sci-fi classic Alien, it would be this: gooey. To be honest, you'd be a little disappointed if it were anything else. Those who'll be waiting in line to see it this weekend should not only expect gelatinous space-worms bursting out of the throats and/or torsos of their screaming astronaut victims (and in 3-D, no less); they're likely looking for it. I recently called Scott, the granddaddy of cinematic alien slime, while he was in London for the movie's UK premiere. We talked about the evils of religion, Star Wars, why he'll never be a space tourist, and his plans for a Moses biopic. ERIC SPITZNAGEL: I got kind of an Old Testament vibe from Prometheus. RIDLEY SCOTT: Great. Then I've done my job. ES: So that was intentional? RS: Oh, yes. I'm really intrigued by those eternal questions of creation and belief and faith. I don't care who you are, it's what we all think about. It's in the back of all our minds. ES: In the Old Testament, God is kind of an asshole. RS: Yeah, he was pretty hard on us, wasn't he? ES: Humanity's creators in Prometheus aren't much better. The "Engineers," as they're called, are really prickish and hostile. Are they a metaphor for your feelings about God? RS: Me, personally? ES: Yeah. Do you believe in a supreme deity who's sadistic and cruel and maybe hates us? RS: Well, that's not me. That's Paradise Lost. ES: You think Milton got it right? RS: I don't think so literally, but it seems analogous sometimes. The only guy in Paradise Lost having a good time is that son-of-a-bitch dark angel. ES: My favorite part of Prometheus is when a battered and bloody Noomi Rapace reaches for her crucifix necklace, and the decapitated robot head says to her, "Even after all this, you still believe." In that scene, are you Noomi or the robot head? RS: That's hard to say. [Long pause] I do despair. That's a heavy word, but picking up a newspaper every day, how can you not despair at what's happening in the world, and how we're represented as human beings? The disappointments and corruption are dismaying at every level. And the biggest source of evil is of course religion. ES: All religions? RS: Can you think of a good one? A just and kind and tolerant religion? ES: Not off the top of my head, no. RS: Everyone is tearing each other apart in the name of their personal god. And the irony is, by definition, they're probably worshipping the same god. ES: You know what would be awesome? You need to make a film adaptation of a Bible story. RS: Oh, yeah. ES: Maybe the Virgin birth? No movie's ever told that story with enough gloopy, viscous afterbirth. RS: No, I've got something else in the works. I'm already doing it. It's called Moses. ES: You're kidding. RS: Seriously, seriously. It's going to happen. ES: With all apologies to Charlton Heston, that sounds like it's going to be the most amazing film about Moses ever made. RS: It is. I probably shouldn't have let that slip out. I'm not supposed to say anything. ES: Who am I going to tell? RS: It's definitely in the cards, though. What's interesting to me about Moses isn't the big stuff that everybody knows. It's things like his relationship with Ramses [II, the pharaoh]. I honestly wasn't paying attention in school when I was told the story of Moses. Some of the details of his life are extraordinary. ES: Do you believe in aliens? Is there life outside our planet? RS: Yes, absolutely. Without any question. ES: You're that convinced? RS: I'm that convinced. And that's not just me letting my imagination run wild and all that bullshit. Just stare up at the stars at night, and you'll have those corny thoughts like we all do. How can you look at the galaxy and not feel insignificant? How on earth can we be it? It doesn't make sense. ES: But believing in aliens isn't all that different from believing in a divine creator. It's not like there's evidence. It's still about faith, right? RS: It doesn't matter how much faith you have or don't have. I just don't buy the idea that we're alone. There's got to be some form of life out there. ES: Well, there doesn't have to be. It'd be nice. RS: We'll find out soon. That probe that's landing on Mars this summer... What's it called? ES: Curiosity. RS: Yeah. [Laughs] Great name, by the way. They're going to get in there and look at the ice particles, correct? ES: I really don't know much about it. RS: I think that's what it is. They're already speculating that they might find life. Or an early stage of life, like dormant particles. I wouldn't call it bacteria, but a life form. ES: We're getting closer to space tourism becoming a reality. Have you bought a ticket yet on the Virgin Galactic? RS: Good God no. No, no. Not a chance. ES: You have no interest in being an astronaut? RS: Nothing could interest me less. I'd much rather have a martini and go to a nice restaurant. ES: You could do a lot more than that with the money. Tickets on the Virgin Galactic are $200,000. RS: Really? That's fucking absurd. I'm just not their target audience for this. The idea of flying in general does not appeal to me. I can barely understand why people want to fly at all, other than that it's occasionally necessary. ES: You wouldn't be in London right now if it wasn't for air travel. RS: And I'm not delusional. I know it's a good thing. But I don't understand flying as a recreational activity. I understand glider-flying. I understand doing a loop-the-loop in a biplane. But I don't understand getting in a plane with no real destination and just sailing around in the air for two hours and then landing. That's insanity to me. ES: In Alien and now Prometheus, you make space travel seem like a nightmare. If your movies are to be believed, it involves long stretches of boredom and sadness, punctuated with moments of extreme violence and terror. Do you think that's what it's really like? RS: Totally. [Laughs] You're actually a sentimentalist. If you're doing any serious space travel, going any respectable distance, you have to be put into a coma for the journey. ES: You mean cryogenics? RS: That's right. I don't know if the technology is even close to being practical yet, but I know I don't want any part of it. I think going into space would be like going deep into the ocean, like 5,000 meters down. When you go down that far, it's just awfully black. There's not much there except mud and some particles. I imagine space would be a similar thing. The only difference is you're hoping to bump into some sort of intelligent extraterritorial being. ES: And then you have the question of, are they the good kind of E.T., or the bastard kind? RS: Exactly. ES: Do they want to be our friends, or burrow through our intestines? RS: I don't know. But if they're out there, they're definitely superior to us. ES: Why are you so sure? RS: Well, by definition — the distance they must have traveled to get to us — they're obviously way ahead of us in terms of intelligence. ES: Were you at all reluctant to revisit Alien with a prequel? There are so many ways it could've backfired. RS: It was challenging, but it's also a very happy thing to do, because people love the series so much. It's nice to reawaken that old enthusiasm in an audience. It's kind of what we do as filmmakers. It's why people read books about characters or situations they're already familiar with. It's why there were six Star Wars films. ES: But right there, the Star Wars prequels — that's a pretty convincing cautionary tale for how a prequel can blow up in your face. George Lucas probably should've left well enough alone. RS: Well, all I can say is that, of all the movies, my favorite was the first one. The original Star Wars. ES: Not Empire Strikes Back? RS: No, no, no. Star Wars was head and shoulders above everything else. ES: I'm speechless. I don't think I've ever talked to anybody who believed that. RS: It really is true. It's the best in the series by far. ES: For what reason? The story? The simplicity of the special effects? RS: All of it. It had some nice characters, and it was very tangible. The story was very clear and concise, and the special effects were modest. I think they still hold up. They're not show-off-y. ES: Lucas went a little overboard with the special effects in the prequels. How do you find that balance between having fun with movie effects and not giving your audience a headache? RS: You just need a good story. Usually, when special effects get in the way, it's because the story isn't strong enough. If you don't start with a strong screenplay, it's easy to fall back on special effects, thinking it's going to carry you. But it never works. It's just tiresome. ES: Is there any way you'd consider remaking the Star Wars prequels? RS: Why would I do that? ES: I don't know. So they'd be good? RS: [Long pause] I don't think so. The first Star Wars is fine. If you're looking for that kind of thing, just watch it again. Tupac-Loving Government Employee Forced to Resign J Lo is a Stripping, Stealing Badass in 'Hustlers' Should Fans Worry About Star Wars Reshoots? Baz Luhrmann's Elvis Biopic Casts Austin Butler A Man in His Office: 3x1 Denim's Scott Morrison Why Taylor Swift Welcomed You to New York Katrina Pierson: Texas' Tax Dollars At Work Exclusive: Listen to Scott H. Biram's 'Slow & Easy' Ridley Scott Has Known About Water on Mars for 'Months'	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6775
__label__cc	0.583329	0.416671	Rwanda Uses Blockchain To Track And Prevent Conflict-Mined Metals WriterETHNews.com Nathan Graham October 17, 2018 8:17 PM Could blockchain technology be the answer to stopping violence surrounding conflict materials? Rwandan companies dealing in tantalum (and tantalum-containing products) can now use a blockchain-based supply chain platform developed by Circulor to test the idea. The Rwandan government, together with London blockchain startup Circulor, has created a blockchain-based solution for a transparent record of the movement of tantalum as it progresses through the supply chain, according to an October 16 announcement. The country of Rwanda is a world leader in the production of tantalum concentrates and metals – a material used in consumer electronics such as smartphones and laptops. Although the mining of tantalum has proven to be an excellent source of revenue for the country's struggling economy, in neighboring regions the practice has been connected to child labor, sexual violence against women, and murder. The joint project between Circulor and the Rwandan government will give companies the opportunity to use Circulor's blockchain platform to "tag and trace tantalum mined in Rwanda as it passes through the supply chain." This way, buyers, investors, and regulatory bodies can be confident about the source of tantalum-containing products. According to Francis Gatare, the CEO of the Rwandan Mining, Petroleum and Gas Board and a government minister, said in the Circulor announcement that the system is already live and is being used by at least one Rwandan exporter. According to an article on the tracking of tantalum published by Mining Technology in April 2016, the global demand for technology has increased the need for metals such as tantalum, and the demand is expected to continue to rise. Although Rwanda is now a world leader in the production of tantalum, that was not always the case. In 2000, Australia was a world leader in the production of tantalum concentrates. However, due to the rising cost of extracting the mineral coupled with an unfavorable exchange rate, by 2014, the bulk of mining moved to the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and Rwanda. Rwanda reportedly has a good reputation in the mining industry, and the mines are viewed by Rwandan citizens as an asset. However, that is not the case in the DRC, which, according to Mining Technology, now produces 17 percent of the world's supply of tantalum concentrates. The DRC's government has historically failed to secure the mining industry against armed militia groups who have seized the opportunity to take over these mines. This has had disastrous consequences to human rights, including sexual violence, murder, theft, and child labor. In 2010, the Obama administration passed the Dodd-Frank Act, which obligated the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to develop rules requiring certain companies to disclose the source of "conflict minerals" and how these companies are using said materials. According to the SEC, "Congress enacted Section 1502 of the Act because of concerns that the exploitation and trade of conflict minerals by armed groups is helping to finance conflict in the DRC region and is contributing to an emergency humanitarian crisis." Also, according to Mike Loch, the president of Responsible Trade, the tantalum industry has been very accepting of the rules stipulated in the Dodd-Frank Act, with 95 percent of the world's tantalum smelters participating in the program. Researchers from the Enough Project found that as of April 2017, 420 mines in Congo had been verified as conflict-free. This is a significant development, as the report states, "Before U.S. conflict minerals regulations were implemented in 2012, end-user companies did not trace or publicly report on whether the tin, tantalum, tungsten, and gold – otherwise known as '3TG' or 'conflict minerals' – in their products originated in conflict zones in Congo." (It is important to note, though, that in 2017, President Trump vowed to dismantle the Dodd-Frank Act without revealing specific actions he would take to do so.) Although the Dodd-Frank Act has made great strides to create a transparent record of the tantalum supply chain, it still has some fundamental problems. One of the most prevalent issues in the process of tracing the supply chain is the amount of middlemen, paperwork, and manual input of data it takes to develop such a record. This process not only increases the chance for participants to make mistakes and malicious actors to input false data, but it is also very time-consuming. It reportedly took Intel five years to fully research its supply chain. Blockchain technology allows supply chain tracking to be done much more quickly and efficiently. Blockchain has the potential to create transparency in any supply chain, including those related to the mining and production of "conflict metals." Like any other form of documentation, however, the data provided is only as good as the people providing said data. If the people in charge of the mines in Rwanda, the smelters in East Asia, and the American electronics companies truly want "to eradicate sources of funding for conflict minerals," then a true version of the tantalum supply chain will be developed. However, if unscrupulous people who are only interested in lining their own pockets and profiting off slave labor are granted access to the blockchain platform, the entire system will be compromised no matter what kind of technology is used. This is not the first blockchain solution that has been considered to provide a transparent supply chain record of precious metals. In September of this year, ETHNews reported that Hong Kong-based Chow Tai Fook Jewellery Group developed a blockchain-based smartphone app to provide customers with information regarding the origin and quality of its diamonds. ETHNews is committed to its Editorial Policy Like what you read? Follow us on Twitter @ETHNews_ to receive the latest Circulor, Dodd-Frank Act or other Ethereum world news. Circulor Dodd-Frank Act conflict metal Enough Project Francis Gatare Rwandan Mining, Petroleum and Gas Board Bitcoin Demand In Zimbabwe Grows Following Foreign Currency Ban Swiss Gold Mines Refitted For Crypto Miners Read Next Article ... During the Libra Senate hearing on Tuesday, Libra project lead David Marcus explained that the Swiss Federal Data Protection and Information Commissioner (FDPIC) would oversee data and privacy protections for the Libra Association. Now, the group's head of communication has stated that Facebook has yet to contact the FDPIC regarding any Libra business.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6776
__label__wiki	0.754132	0.754132	PhD defence of Hao Zhang 5 October 2017 Wednesday, 20 Sep 2017 On Thursday 5 October Hao Zhang will defend her PhD thesis entitled 'Dealing with Health and Health Care System Challenges in China: Assessing health determinants and health care reforms'. Supervisor is Professor Eddy van Doorslaer and the co-supervisor is Dr. Theresa Bago d'Uva (both from Erasmus School of Economics). Other members of the committee are: Professor Owen O'Donnell (Erasmus School of Economics and University of Macedonia), Professor Maarten Lindeboom (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam) and Professor Winnie Yip (Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health). About Hao Zhang Born in China, Hao Zhang obtained her bachelor's degree in economics from Beijing Foreign Studies University in 2010. She then came to Tinbergen Institute, as her experience as an RA for a health economist at Peking University convinced her that postgraduate study was the right choice. She obtained her MPhil degree in economics from University of Amsterdam and became a PhD candidate at Erasmus School of Economics in 2012. Her research is mainly focused on population health and health care in her faschinating homeland - China. Thesis abstract This dissertation investigates the challenges faced by China around 2010 in two domains - population health and the health care system. Specifically, chapers 2 and 3 are devoted to health challenges, explaining the female healh disadvantages in later life and assessing the effect of only children on their elderly parents' mental wellbeing. Chapters 4 and 5 are devoted to health care system challenges, assessing in rural China if bottom-up results-based reforms could improve the health system performance under limited funding and if a simplified diagnosis-related group (DRG)-based hospital payment system could contain the fast-growing health expenditure. Hao Zhang conducted her doctoral research at the Tinbergen Institute. The Tinbergen Institute is a joint research institute of Erasmus School of Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Amsterdam and Faculty of Economics and Business Administration of VU University Amsterdam. For more information about this ceremony, please contact Ronald de Groot, Communication Officer of the Erasmus School of Economics phone +31 10 408 1762 or by e-mail: rdegroot@ese.eur.nl.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6777
__label__wiki	0.906424	0.906424	separate air force whose function should be the larger and wider aims of war. As our slogan we adopted the phrase " One Air Service, one Uniform, one Badge," and we continued to preach this doctrine in and out of season, until at last,, on April 1, 1918, we had the satisfaction of being able to record the establishment of the independent service for which we had been asking, under the title the Royal Air Force. Space does not permit of going into detail concerning the history of the Royal Air Force during the first ten years of its existence, but it may be of interest to recall briefly that when the war ended in November of 1918, we had an air force numbering something like 200 squadrons and about 150,000 officers and men. Sir Hugh Trenchard, who then was, and still is, the service head of the R.A.F., was then faced with the incredibly difficult task of reducing this great air force to proportions more in keeping with peace conditions. The R.A.F. was gradually reduced in numbers, first to 79,570, then to 29,730 in 1920-21, and since then the service has varied in numbers between 36,000 in 1925-26, and 32,500 in the present year. Throughout it has been the chief aim of Air Marshal Sir Hugh Trenchard to keep the Royal Air Force efficient. In that we think it will be generally admitted he has succeeded, and the British Royal Air Force is, today, a service which need fear no comparison with any air force in the world. While its numbers have decreased, the duties of the Royal Air Force have multiplied, and thus by its very efficiency, the R.A.F. has saved the British taxpayer vast sums of money by taking over from the Army the policing of Iraq, a difficult task which the R.A.F. has carried out with commendable effect. " Control without occupation," is a phrase for which APRIL 5, 1928 we are indebted to Sir Samuel Hoare, and it very aptly describes the advantage of entrusting the maintenance of law and order to the Royal Air Force. That the R.A.F. has not attained its present posi- tion without opposition will be well known to our readers. For a number of years the Navy carried out periodically a strenuous propaganda having for its object the establishment, or rather re-establishment, of a Naval air service. That the Navy failed in its attempts has been very largely due to Sir Hugh Trenchard, and we believe that the Royal Air Force has now become so firmly established that no agitation can ever result in any serious harm being done to it. Its first ten years have been eventful ones, and full of difficulties. But its motto is still Per Ardua ad Astra. May we always be as proud of our R.A.F. as we are on its tenth birthday. • • * A short time ago we referred to the 500 question as to which was the more Km./h. impressive figure: 300 m.p.h. or 500 km./h. The regrettable accident to Lieut. Kinkead prevented us from discovering the actual speed of which the Supermarine-Napier S.5 is capable, and now the Italian pilot, Maj. de Bernardi, has settled the speed problem by being the first to exceed both the 300 m.p.h. and the 500 km./h., his feat will make it all the more difficult for Great Britain to gain the world's speed record, but that in no way lessens our admiration for the Italian effort. De Bernardi's average speed over the 3 km. course of 512 • 776 km. /h. (318-5 m.p.h.) was a magnificent triumph, and he, as well as the Macchi and Fiat companies which pro- duced the machine and engine, deserve our sincerest and unstinted congratulations. ["FLIGHT" photograph OUT AGAIN : The de Havilland " Moth " fitted with Handley Page automatic slots, was in dock but a veryfew days after its recent argument with the ground. It is here seen flying again, piloted by Capt. Hubert Broad. 224	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6780
__label__wiki	0.53363	0.53363	Indian Football Team / International Football / Interviews You can not build a team in a month: Constantine by FC admin May 25, 2017 Mumbai: Despite India reaching 100 in the FIFA Rankings, National Coach Stephen Constantine stresses that “we have not achieved anything as yet.” With the National Team practising in Mumbai at the Preparatory Camp ahead of the AFC Asian Cup Qualifier against the Kyrgyz Republic, Constantine spoke at length about the recipe for success, the improvements in the squad since taking over, his expectations from a player and much more. EXCERPTS: India have won 11 of the last 13 matches including the unofficial friendly match against Bhutan. What is the secret of the success? I don’t think there is any secret. It’s been a combination of hard work and self-belief. When I came in, I remember mentioning that it’s a learning process as you cannot build a Team within a week or a month. It has taken around two years for us to build a side who I think on any given day are capable of competing against any Team. What has been the improvement in the side since you took over? One of the major improvements has been the manner in which we prepare for our matches. Our training sessions are all based on how we would play in the game and according to the physical attributes required for each specific position. So even though our training sessions may look easy from the stands, it deals with the players are required to do in their positions. The use of the GPS systems has been a novelty. The information which we have been able to attain has been huge as it confirms to us what is done in training and in matches too. Another very important factor has been the buy-in to the philosophy by all the players and the staff, thereby accepting an ultimatum and doing the work that is required. What do expect from any player reporting to the Camp? I don’t care about names. I expect the players to do the hard work when they report to the Camp. The willingness to do the work defines a player for me. As and when any player raises his hand to do it, he is available for selection in my squad. Why India vs Nepal friendly fixture is important? The National team training is much tougher, admits duo from Mizoram	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6783
__label__wiki	0.856296	0.856296	Canada cracks down on expat favourites January 27, 2014 by Expatriate Healthcare Expatriates living in Canada are to do without such reminders of home as Marmite, Irn-Bru and Ovaltine under a crackdown by the government. According to the authorities the British favourites contain illegal additives, meaning those stores that cater to expat taste buds are no longer allowed to stock them. Tony Badger of the Brit Foods chain said that a large import shipment of the products was blocked by safety officials. This is despite the fact that the shop owner has been selling all of these items to expats in Canada since 1997. Mr Badger told CKOM: "We've been bringing Irn-Bru in since the very beginning. My understanding was we were importing legally. We've been declaring it through a customs broker and we've never had an issue until now." Officials confirmed that a number of products are not allowed to be sold, but said it was only meat that had been taken from the shop. The food colouring Ponceau 4R, which gives Irn-Bru its distinctive hue, is banned in Canada as it has been linked to hyperactivity. The Canadian Food Inspection Agency confirmed to the BBC that certain drinks and a yeast-based spread found in the shipment to Brit Foods were not permitted. Marmite has been included in the ban because it has added vitamins that are not allowed to be put into such products under Canadian laws. The shipment is thought to have come to the attention of the agency due to the fact that it contained beef, which is not allowed to be imported to Canada from the UK. Mr Badger is now concerned for his business, as the items found to be technical violations of the rules are some of his best sellers. The agency is currently undertaking a health assessment of the items to decide whether they are fit for sale. Mr Badger said: "I haven't heard of anyone dying from consuming Irn-Bru in Scotland or Britain. So hopefully we will get a favourable decision." What You Should Know About Retiring to Spain	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6784
__label__wiki	0.529143	0.529143	Take that, Trump! 5% of California New Car Sales now Electric Juan Cole is the Richard P. Mitchell Professor of History and the director of the Center for South Asian Studies at the University of Michigan. His latest book, Engaging the Muslim World, is just out in a revised paperback edition from Palgrave Macmillan. He runs the Informed Commentwebsite. Despite Trump having pulled the US out of the Paris Climate accord, there is reason to think that the US will nevertheless meet its obligations to reduce deadly carbon dioxide emissions. Although Trump is blowing up the Environmental Protection Agency the way a terrorist would blow up a building, the Federal government is not the only game in town. California, with 40 million people, has 12.5 percent of the US population and a gross domestic product of $2.46 trillion (equivalent to the sixth wealthiest country in the world). And California wants to go green. As a result of government incentives, it is attractive to buy an electric car or plug-in hybrid in this state. As a result, 5% of new car sales in the first quarter of this year were EVs or plug-in hybrids! Half of all the electric vehicles in the US are registered in California. The state has a serious air pollution problem, and 38% of its greenhouse gas emissions come from the transportation sector. That sector, moreover, is growing in its environmental impact, since gasoline is cheap these days and the economy has improved, leading more people to spend more time driving to work (and high real estate prices in the places with most jobs also cause commutes to be lengthy). Already, 22% of California’s electricity comes from renewable sources, and lawmakers are considering legislation requiring the state to be 100% green in its power by 2045. It isn’t just California that is swinging into action as the president retreats from our responsibility to avoid climate disaster. Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Rhode Island, and Vermont will jointly cut power plant emissions by 30% between 2020 and 2030. Audi is joining with Chinese solar panel producer Hanergy to put solar panels on the roof of its cars. These panels will generate electricity not to drive the car but to provide heat or air conditioning, tasks that otherwise drain energy away from the powering of the car. Models could be on the road in a year or two. by George Corbett by Peter Doran by Gervase Phillips by Warren Adler by Joyce Cavaye by David W. Galenson by Colm Herron by Balsam Mustafa by Glen Roven by Mary L. Tabor More Essays Roadside wildflower meadows are springing up across the UK – and they’re helping wildlife in a big way by Olivia Norfolk The eight-mile ‘river of flowers’ that grows alongside a motorway nea Four steps to make your lawn a wildlife haven – from green desert to miniature rainforest by Adam Bates "........since World War II, 97% of unimproved grassland habitats have vanished from the UK. This has contributed to the loss of pollinating insects – and the distribution of one third of species has shrunk since 1980." Would you eat meat grown from cells in a laboratory? Here's how it works by Leigh Ackland "For many of us, eating a meal containing meat is a normal part of daily life. But if we dig deeper, some sobering issues emerge. Every year, 66 billion terrestrial animals are slaughtered for food. Predictions are that meat consumption will rise, with increasing demand for meat from China and other Asian countries as their standards of living increase. The impact of grazing animals on the environment is devastating. They produce 18% of the world’s greenhouse gases, and livestock farming is a major contributor to species extinctions." Narcissists and psychopaths: how some societies ensure these dangerous people never wield power by Steve Taylor Jun 22nd 2019 "Throughout history, people who have gained positions of power tend to be precisely the kind of people who should not be entrusted with it. A desire for power often correlates with negative personality traits: selfishness, greed and a lack of empathy. And the people who have the strongest desire for power tend to be the most ruthless and lacking in compassion." The Art Market: Historical Perspective by David Galenson "In this era of Trump, it should perhaps come as no surprise to find supposed experts lacking in historical perspective. Yet it is still disappointing to find this deficit in the New York Times, which prides itself on clinging to a pursuit of the truth. So it is a bit sad to read the plaintive cry of Allison Schrager’s op-ed of May 17, lamenting that the domination of art markets by the super-rich will somehow force smaller galleries to go out of business, and imperil the careers of young artists." The Idea of America is at Risk Extract: "ust as an earlier generation resisted the limiting post-War era "white middle class" definition of being American by giving birth to an awakening of cultural pluralism and ethnic pride, it falls to our generation to fight for an expanded view of the idea of being American that rejects the narrow view projected by Trump and white nationalists. The idea of America isn't theirs. It's bigger than they are and unless our national cohesion is to unravel, this challenge must be met by projecting an inclusive vision of America that celebrates our inclusive national identity in an increasingly globalized world." Climate change: ‘We’ve created a civilisation hell bent on destroying itself – I’m terrified’, writes Earth scientist by James Dyke Whatever other attributes Homo sapiens may have – and much is made of our opposable thumbs, upright walking and big brains – our capacity to impact the environment far and wide is perhaps unprecedented in all of life’s history. If nothing else, we humans can make an almighty mess. Bringing Light to the Darkness A century ago, unspeakable horrors took place on every continent that were known only to the victims and the perpetrators. Not so today. As a result of advances in communications – from the telegraph and radio to satellite television and the internet – the pain and loss of global tragedies are brought home to us in real time. Because of this expanding consciousness, the post-World War II era has witnessed the rise of visionary leaders and the birth of countless organizations dedicated to alleviating suffering and elevating the causes of peace, human rights, and tolerance among peoples. Individually and collectively, they have championed the rights of peoples in far-flung corners of the world, some of which had been previously unknown to those who became their advocates. These same leaders and groups have also fought for civil rights and for economic, social, political, and environmental justice in their own countries. What is Ethical Interanimality? by Sam Ben-Meir “Cursed be that mortal inter-indebtedness which will not do away with ledgers. I would be free as air; and I’m down in the whole world’s books. I am so rich… and yet I owe for the flesh in the tongue I brag with” (Moby Dick, chapter cviii). Why the world is due a revolution in economics education by Joris Tieleman Economists speak in numbers only, clinging to statistical data and quantitative models. We do so in the hope of looking objective. But this is counter-productive – “data” cannot tell us everything. Other social sciences such as sociology and anthropology use a broader range of methods, and consequently have a broader perspective on society. If we take our societal role of adviser on economic matters seriously, we will need to open up and adopt the insights that these other disciplines bring us about how the economy works.Politics and economics are inextricably intertwined, as Adam Smith, David Ricardo, Karl Marx knew all too well. Somehow this has been forgotten. This does not mean economists need to get political or choose sides. But it does mean that we ignore politics at our own peril – by blindsiding ourselves or dismissing it as “external stuff”, we hamper our understanding of the very system we study. Giacometti at the Prado Although it is not likely that many visitors who pass by the Giacometti sculptures on their way to Las Meninas will ponder it, the contrast between these works underscores the single greatest transformation in the history of western art, from a regime in which artists tailored their works to the aims of individual patrons, to one in which artists choose their techniques and motifs according to their own concerns, and only then present the products to an anonymous competitive market I Remember Danny Ben-Israel On March eleventh, the world lost someone who was very special, who made a mark and touched people with his voice, as a singer, a humorist and writer..........I had the great good fortune to know him and spend time with him, playing music, talking with him – he was a man of immense culture, fluent in Hebrew, German, English, and Romanian. He loved New York City and Vienna and we would often swap apartments so that he could stay in New York while I lived at his place in Vienna. Bureaucracy and Power in American Higher Education by Alexander J. Motyl Apr 1st 2019 The ongoing controversy over admissions to American universities has overlooked the one of the most telling aspects of the scandal—that it took place with the connivance and active participation of administrative bureaucracies able to act with impunity in the pursuit of their interests. Neither the professoriate, often the target of opprobrium from the left and the right, nor the student body, also the target of criticism from both sides of the political spectrum, bore any of the responsibility. Current debates over “what ails” U.S. colleges and universities consistently ignore the single most important dynamic of all institutions—their structure of power. I suggest that the way in which power is allocated within American universities is strikingly similar to that of Soviet-type regimes. Presidents, chancellors, provosts, deans, and their bureaucratic apparatuses preside over vast real-estate and financial holdings, engage in the economic equivalent of central planning, have inordinate influence over personnel, and are structured hierarchically, thereby forming an enormously powerful “new class” like that described by the renowned Yugoslav dissident, Milovan Djilas, in the mid-1950s. Big gods came after the rise of civilisations, not before, finds study using huge historical database by Harvey Whitehouse, Patrick E. Savage, Peter Turchin and Pieter Francois Mar 22nd 2019 When you think of religion, you probably think of a god who rewards the good and punishes the wicked. But the idea of morally concerned gods is by no means universal. Social scientists have long known that small-scale traditional societies – the kind missionaries used to dismiss as “pagan” – envisaged a spirit world that cared little about the morality of human behaviour. Their concern was less about whether humans behaved nicely towards one another and more about whether they carried out their obligations to the spirits and displayed suitable deference to them. Nevertheless, the world religions we know today, and their myriad variants, either demand belief in all-seeing punitive deities or at least postulate some kind of broader mechanism – such as karma – for rewarding the virtuous and punishing the wicked. In recent years, researchers have debated how and why these moralising religions came into being. Brexit: Europe has changed UK food culture for the better – leaving could turn back the clock by Richard Tresidder European food and ingredients have become staple food choices for the British. The use of ingredients such as garlic, peppers, avocados, Parmesan cheese and all those other European ingredients that are now taken for granted are relatively new and were still rare in the 1990s. When I was growing up in rural Devon in the 1970s, olive oil was only really readily available in chemists as a cure for earache – now it is found in most food cupboards. And wine drinking has permeated through all social classes. Painting as Metaphysics: Hilma af Klint and the Birth of Abstract Art The Guggenheim’s strange and wonderful exhibition of Hilma af Klint’s groundbreaking, yet largely unknown body of abstract art is an important event – one that challenges us to not only rethink the early history of twentieth century abstract art, but to recognize her vision of art and reality as unique, authentic, and deliciously puzzling. A Challenge to the West Looking at the world today, it's clear that the consequences of this imperial legacy are still with us. If anything has changed it is that we are now beyond just viewing the former "natives" as far-away oddities. They are now living within our borders, having come to find the opportunities they were denied at home. So when I hear the reactions in the West to the influx of South Asians going to the UK, or North Africans going to France, or Central Americans migrating to the US, I can only say "Guys, these are the fruits of your conquest – your chickens coming home to roost." Houellebecq is back with another dark tale Extracts: "The new novel Sérotonine by Michel Houellebecq, the bad boy of French literature, is a saga of depression and death told with such irony and wit that readers seem to love it despite the unsettling themes. Maybe it’s just me but I found myself laughing out loud.......True to form, the French don’t agree on Houellebecq – or anything else, for that matter. The impact of his new novel has divided the readers into opposite love-hate camps with hardly any middle ground. Houellebecq cannot leave you indifferent, notes a literary friend of mine"........Picture: Michel Houellebecq, by the reviewer Michael Johnson. ‘Smiling depression’: it’s possible to be depressed while appearing happy – here’s why that’s particularly dangerous by Olivia Remes The term “smiling depression” – appearing happy to others while internally suffering depressive symptoms – has become increasingly popular. Articles on the topic have crept up in the popular literature, and the number of Google searches for the condition has increased dramatically this year. Some may question, however, whether this is actually a real, pathological condition. While smiling depression is not a technical term that psychologists use, it is certainly possible to be depressed and manage to successfully mask the symptoms. The closest technical term for this condition is “atypical depression”. In fact, a significant proportion of people who experience a low mood and a loss of pleasure in activities manage to hide their condition in this way. And these people might be particularly vulnerable to suicide. Musicians in word and art: Portraiture and caricatures: Conductors, pianists, composers by Michael Johnson Outstanding, experienced journalist Michael Johnson, whose articles, often accompanied by his striking portraits, has now brought his love of music and of pen, ink, gouache and watercolor to create a study of remarkable insight, strong opinions and beauty in this gorgeous book. Written in both French and English the brief descriptions of musicians he has met, studied, interviewed are accompanied by distinctive portraits that, as his title suggests, some may be caricatures. I argue that the author/artist has created insightful studies of the human face engaged in the pursuit of music. The only caricature is his own self-deprecating, slyly wry self-portrait that opens the book—and it is worth the book’s purchase on its own.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0013.json.gz/line6785

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