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Tag Archives: 深瀬 昌久
The Paths of Photography: Asphalt
March 23, 2010 Dirk Leave a comment
When you hear the term photo magazine, it is difficult to not immediately jump onto the association of a colorful, glossy and above all, camera- and ad-guzzling publication we are all too familiar with. However, when Atsushi Fujiwara, photographer, photo studio manager and publisher of Asphalt contacted us to present the photo magazine he is publishing, I was very pleasantly surprised.
Fujiwara left behind a successful career and sold off a chain of restaurants he had started up, to venture into the world of photography by opening a hire photo studio catering for high end advertising and commercial photography clients. Since he has no formal background in photography, he has the benefit of an open mind when looking at other photographers. Looking at the commercial work going on in the studio on a daily basis, he started wondering about what else photography could be other than depicting a carefully arranged world in front of the camera for commercial purposes.
One night, he went to Golden Gai in Shinjuku [a famous stretch of small bars and restaurants that started life as a black market area in the period immediately following World War II, and the remnants of 60-year-old barracks can still be found among the bars on the street — Ed.]. In the bar kodoji, a legendary bohemian hangout in the 1960s for photographers like Daido Moriyama and Nobuyoshi Araki, he met by chance Shin-ichiro Tojimbara. Tojimbara graduated from Tokyo Visual Art College as a student of Moriyama and was “tasked” by his former teacher to “take over the next generation of photographers”. Tojimbara was keen to establish a forum or platform for upcoming photographers in Japan, but due to several factors, not least a mental illness with occasional fits, was looking for collaborators. The two connected instantly and decided to found a photography magazine — this was the birth of Asphalt. The pair approached two other photographers as contributors and started working on issue #1.
— Hasegawa, Fujiwara (left to right)
Then another acquaintance of Tojimbara entered the scene: photo editor Akira Hasegawa, who had just retired, was asked spontaneously whether he would be interested in editing the magazine. To Tojimabara’s and Fujiwara’s surprise, he agreed.
Hasegawa was the editor for the well-known and now very collectible Asahi Sonorama Shashinshu series of 27 books published in the late 1970s. In addition to that series, Hasegawa edited some of the most famous milestones of Japanese photobooks: A Journey to Nakaji (仲治への旅) and Tono Story (遠野物語) by Daido Moriyama, Heisei Gannen (平成元年) by Nobuyoshi Araki, and Solitude of Ravens (カラス) by Masahisa Fukase, just to name a few. His editorial influence can still be felt by a wide crop of current editors and publishers such as Michitaka Ota of Sokyu-sha, who refers to Hasegawa as his sempai (‘senior’ or ‘superior’ — Ed.).
The Asphalt team hoped that a famous editor would be helpful in pulling in some of the big names of Japanese photography, but that was the last thing on Hasegawa’s mind. He was more interested in finding quality “no-names” instead, as well as provide a stronger direction on the selection and presentation of new photography.
“The Asphalt concept will be exhausted eventually and there is no need to carry it forward indefinitely.”
While Asphalt’s early concept was simply to bring together their own material and that of other photographers they know and to produce more a photo book than a magazine to the best of their editorial and commercial ability, upon Hasegawa’s joining from issue #2 the concept of two regulars, one guest was introduced. Hasegawa was also eager to expand the cultural horizon, which meant looking at emerging photography outside of Japan such as from China and Korea. His main motivation is to provide an improved view onto the Japanese and Asian photographic landscape and give guidance to the next generation of photographers. Asphalt was his vehicle of choice to pursue his objective.
Hasegawa has been working to reach an international audience for Japanese and Asian photography for almost 50 years. During its heyday, he was working with Shōji Yamagishi at Camera Mainichi, the most influential monthly photography magazine in post-war Japan. Even though much of the editorial content of Camera Mainichi was devoted to the usual news and reviews of cameras, lenses, and other equipment, from the start it was a space for first-rate and unconventional photography and this editorial work was perfected under Yamagishi. Yamagishi was a friend of John Szarkowski, the director of the photography division at the Museum of Modern Art in New York, at a time when not a single person outside of Japan seemed to know anything about Japanese photography. In close collaboration they worked to mount two milestone exhibitions in New York, “New Japanese Photography” (Museum of Modern Art, 1974) and “Japan, a Self-Portrait” (International Center of Photography, 1979). As ground-breaking as Szarkowski’s pioneer work has been, Hasegawa believes that it still has not led to a full understanding of Japanese photography in the West.
This may come as a surprise to some of you, but if you think sceneries in Paris back in the early 20th century look beautiful and sceneries in Tokyo in early 21st century look ugly, then you have no idea what photography is all about. Photographs capture reality before anything else. As long as we live in cities such as this one, taking your eyes off of its scenery is just another attempt to drift away from what is real.
— Akira Hasegawa, in his introduction to Asphalt III
Right from its conception, Asphalt was created with the intention to produce a finite series of just ten issues. The three believe that the concept, as it stands now, will be exhausted eventually and there is no need to carry it forward indefinitely. As an experienced entrepreneur Fujiwara was also mindful of the fact that apart from creative and artistic concept, the long term continuation of the project was crucial to its overall success. Like a group of friends who join up to establish a band or other creative group, the project usually stalls or fails after the first attempts of producing output, even though it may be an initial success. Conceptual disagreements and battling egos will threaten the long-term sustainability of such a venture, not to mention financial responsibilities and obligations. Therefore the group was keen to define key responsibilities from an early stage, for example conceptual, editorial and the business aspects.
Fujiwara is keen to emphasize his underlying motivation of providing a reflection on Japanese photography, present and past. In his view, despite the enormous general interest in photography in Japan, there is a great lack of institutions or individuals examining the cultural context within which photographers operate and images are produced. Of particular importance is the need to find the connection and evolution path between the previous generation of photographers from the 1960s and 70s, with the more recent wave of artists since the mid and late 1990s. Academic institutions that look at the medium and art of photography are far and few between (with Tokyo National University of the Arts or “Geidai” a notable exception). Education is most commonly concentrated on teaching technology and technique in vocational schools, preparing photographers for a commercial career, while putting aside the aspect of personal expression. This void does not only include image creators, but also the role of the traditional photo editor like Hasegawa. The legacy of Camera Mainichi seems distant in a world where commercial needs dictate or at least heavily influence what a magazine is to draw their readers’ attention to.
Front and Back Cover of Asphalt V
Despite a lack of institutional support, the artistic photography world in Japan is kept alive by to the strong energy of the working community of photographers. Publishing a photo book remains one of the top ambitions of photographers, and since the books are essentially financed by the artists there will be a continued stream of publications as long as these individuals can afford to do so. The only exception to this system are within the thin layer of top league artists like Moriyama and Araki or cases where a school or sponsor steps in to provide financial support – obviously, not always without self-interest, which again will have an impact on the range of work being published.
During our conversation, Fujiwara and Hasegawa introduced me to the concept of yotei-chowa (予定調和 [よていちょうわ]), which the dictionary translates as “pre-established harmony”. Fujiwara explains that the photographers he sees working in his studio to the highest standards of commercial photography on a daily basis have all started with the desire to produce art in some way or the other. However, after becoming so skilled and technically sophisticated they have great difficulty expressing themselves freely photographically now because the results of their daily work are pre-determined by the demands of the client. Their skill and mind are aligned to achieve that result. So when they, perhaps longing for more artistic creative output, try concentrating on their personal work and attempting to produce a photo book or magazine like publication, the results will look just as polished and immaculate as their commercial work – but lacking a raw energy that makes the images interesting. Hasegawa adds that to be successful in producing artistic photography, the artist is better off engaging with the unknown, not knowing where it will take him and, taken to the extreme, whether his work can pay for the bills the next day.
“The photo editor’s job is like cooking a meal with a range of ingredients put at your disposal.”
Asphalt is published every six months and prints around 600-800 copies. Volume 1, 2 and 3 are sold out and no longer available. That should not imply any commercial success as Fujiwara made great efforts to distribute sample copies to museums and photo galleries around the world to promote the magazine. A commercial distribution is also made more difficult because book sellers find it difficult to categorise it between “real” photo magazines and the art photo book. However, the main goal of the project is not commercial. It is a journey for the photographers and editor, a document of personal development. Like sitting down with a photographer friend every six months with your latest prints for a discussion, Asphalt is a vehicle for everyone involved to periodically review one’s own growth and progress. The concept of two regulars and one guest mixes elements of consistency and surprise, which is surprisingly engaging for the magazine’s readership.
Since he is such an experienced editor, I asked Hasegawa-sensei whether post-retirement he finds the work on Asphalt challenging or a routine. He makes it clear that editing remains a challenging task. The photo editor’s job is not to say whether a photograph is good or bad, in fact, he would not comment on that aspect at all. It is more like cooking a meal with a range of ingredients put at your disposal. The editor is not just collecting quality images and then publishing it the way he likes — which would be easy. The difficulty lies in working with a set of photographs that are brought to the editor and presenting them in a meaningful way. Despite having worked on over 100 photo books of photographers, both famous and unknown, the most complex aspect remains to find the best way of showing the work to the viewer.
Please also see our gallery of work that has been featured in past and current issues of Asphalt.
In-print issues of Asphalt are available in the Japan Exposures Bookstore.
akira hasegawaartAsahi Sonorama ShashinshuasphaltAtsushi Fujiwaraわが愛、陽子アスファルトカラスハウススタジオ 栄荘遠野物語荒木経惟長谷川 明藤原 敦featuredmagazinephotoself-publishShin-ichiro TojimbaraShōji Yamagishistudio sakaeso唐仁原 信一郎山岸 章二平成元年朝日ソノラマ 写真集森山 大道深瀬 昌久予定調和仲治への旅
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48. Rise of Arab World – 3 World Leaders to Be Assassinated
Thursday, February 17th, 2011 @ 23:45
My dearly beloved daughter, I Am full of joy today now that this important series of Messages are being prepared for release to all mankind. You will find soon that all countries will search out these Messages. Don’t worry about your safety, as I will protect you and your family at all times. Although I Am full of love for you, My child, My Heart is breaking with deep sorrow for the suffering, which is being inflicted by the cunning society plotting to take over countries.
They will do this by cleverly removing Leaders.* Then they will offer help. Then they will buy the friendship of new regimes until they control them. This new control will be worse than the power-hungry dictators who were toppled in the name of freedom.
Watch now, My daughter, the speed at which the Arab world will unite against My people, the Jews. Watch how all their allies will fall away leaving them exposed.
My daughter, when the Warning takes place My Word will be heard more readily, after the conversion takes place. This will be the time for My holy followers to unite defiantly against the tyranny that will emerge in the Western World especially in Europe. Fight for your right to pray. If you don’t, it will not be a religious war, but a war of genocide.
There will be three world leaders assassinated shortly, one by one. Remember that each one will be assassinated through the plotting of the evil group – the sub cultural organizations that rule in all nations – though you cannot see them because they are cowards. But not for long will they hide. When control is in their grasp they will strive for your attention and demand respect.
The Warning will help save all My children everywhere. Conversion, a Gift from Me, will be given to even those who plot and scheme to win control over God’s Earth. If they could only understand that this power will never be theirs, they might stop. But they are blind.
More of My angels** who now infiltrate the Earth as human beings, will help show these poor misguided souls the Truth. Many will convert. Others won’t.
My daughter, go spread the Word quickly. You have only weeks. Use every tool available to you. Show courage. Do absolutely everything to allow all of My children, all nations, to understand the meaning of My special Gift – when My Hand reaches out from Heaven to save their souls.
Those who do not convert at first, will do so before the persecution, when more and more souls will turn back to Me. This will be a very difficult time for all. But be patient, there are good times ahead, when peace will return to Earth. My children will, after this wake up call, see the Love that I hold and will come running back into My Arms. Then when that happens, My army will form, and defend My Kingdom against the deceiver whose reign will be very short.
This is a turning point in the history of mankind, children. You will understand this very shortly. By then, any sceptical thoughts you have at the time of The Warning, when it happens, you will open your hearts to the Truth.
Go now, My daughter, in peace and love for all Mankind
King of the Jews
Note * The visionary would like to make it clear to the world that the reason she cannot post the names of the leaders TWO OF THEM FROM THE ARAB WORLD AND ONE FROM MAINLAND EUROPE IS OUT OF RESPECT FOR THEIR FAMILIES AND TO AVOID UNDUE DISTRESS. She has, however, given the Messages to a number of the clergy and media, embargoed, ready for publication as soon as the assassinations take place shortly (all within a very short period of each other).
** It is the visionary’s understanding that references to angels refer to “messengers” who have been chosen around the world to impart Divine Messages to help spread conversion.
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NL Player Analysis- May 16, 2019
Melky Cabrera- OF- PIT- Idea- Cabrera has been successful no matter which hand the ball is coming at him from, but against southpaws he is slashing .351/.368/.541. This bodes well for him facing Eric Lauer and the .287/.346/.496 slash line he has posted against RH hitters. Value Play- Draft Kings salary $3900
Shaun Anderson- P- SF- Rookie- Shaun Anderson made his major league debut in style yesterday, not only allowing just 2 earned runs in 5 IP on 2 hits and 3 walks while striking out 3. He also went 2-for-2 with a double at the plate. No Giants' pitcher has collected multiple hits in their debut since 1900. Anderson threw 96 pitches, 64 of them strikes. The walk total was higher than what he had shown from a 2.83 BB/9 at AAA so far this season. He had a 4.11 ERA when called up, but his FIP was 3.55. Anderson had also improved his K/9 from his first taste of AAA in 2018 (6.46) to 9.51 this season. He has 4 effective pitches, although none of them are top tier. The expectations for him are that he can develop into an innings eater in the back half of the rotation.
Chris Archer- P- PIT- Cold- Archer had a poor return from the injured list yesterday. As he did in his last start before going on the IL, he allowed 6 earned runs. There was also an unearned run allowed in his 3.2 IP. Archer's nemesis, lack of control, raised its ugly head. Only 44 of his 80 pitches were strikes and he walked 4 batters. Archer gave up 4 hits and struck out 5 in the outing. While his K/9 is a solid 9.98, his BB/9 is a woeful 4.70 and he has walked 9 in his last 12.2 IP. Archer has thrown 2 quality starts this season, in which he gave up a combined 4 walks and struck out 16 batters in 13 IP. That is the potential that is still tempting. It just doesn't show up consistently enough to translate into fantasy value.
Michael Wacha- P- STL- Caution- Although Wacha only allowed 1 ER (2 R overall) in 5 IP yesterday, there were some concerns in the outing. He threw 90 pitches, only 51 of them strikes. Wacha walked 4 batters, bringing his BB/9 for the season to an atrocious 5.57. He also gave up a homer, bringing his HR/9 to 1.71 for the season. Wacha saw his ERA for the season drop from 5.35 to 4.93 but his FIP rose from 5.46 to 5.58. His WHIP is an inflated 1.64. Despite yesterday being his first loss of the season, there are lots of danger signs all over his performance yesterday and for the course of 2019 so far.
Ian Desmond- OF- COL- Hot- Desmond has seen a relatively large time on the bench but can still produce at times. Yesterday he went 2-for-4 with a double, walk, and run scored. If he were to get more playing time, Desmond could be a serious buy low candidate. Through the same date last year, Desmond was hitting .171 with 6 homers and 3 steals. For the rest of the season he hit .259 and ended up as a member of the 20/20 club for the 5th time with a total of 22 homers and 21 steals.
Paul Sauberer is one of the original Fantistics Analysts. Paul is a diehard fantasy baseball fan with political aspirations. Paul's earliest baseball memories are of the expansion Senators in the 1960s and his father buying him an entire box of 1969 Topps baseball cards. The Senators are no longer and the cards are definitely no longer in mint condition, but Paul's love of baseball continues. He transferred allegiance to the Orioles after the Senators left town and enjoyed the glorious times of the Birds in the 1970s. During that time, he also discovered table top baseball games (before "Rotisserie" meant anything outside of something to do with food) and that has led to decades of crunching numbers and following major league performances. Paul reacquainted himself with the Senators, now the Texas Rangers, while going to college in Texas and remains a Rangers' fan today, even after living on Long Island for 14 years with his wife and two children. Paul knows his baseball!
AL Player Analysis - May 15th, 2019
AL Player Analysis - May 16, 2019
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Home Developer LiMo Open to Working With Google on Mobile
LiMo Open to Working With Google on Mobile
By David Needle | August 06, 2008
SAN FRANCISCO Can "China" and "India" get along? That may seem a strange question for a technology panel to address, but it was one of the more interesting points raised here at the Mobile LinuxWorld conference today.
In fact, the reference was really a metaphor for competing visions of how to create the best mobile development platform. Sy Choudhury, staff product manager for OS Technologies at Qualcomm (NASDAQ: QCOM), made the comment during a discussion of the LiMo Foundation's platform for mobile developers versus the Open Handset Alliance spearheaded by Google (NASDAQ: GOOG) and other partners.
"The approaches are different with LiMo and Android, but the end result for consumers will be the same," said Choudhury who likened Google to China and the LiMo Foundation to India.
"If you look at the growth in China it's come with a strong, guiding hand. It took Google to kick start and guide OHA," he said. "LiMo is more like India, it's very democratic, which is hard to do, but you get to the same level of participation."
Fellow panelist Eric Chu, mobile platform group marketing manager at Google, didn't respond to Choudhury's comparison, which runs a bit counter to the search giant's oft-proclaimed affinity for openness.
But he did say the goal of OHA was to create "a core underlying platform" that would give handset makers and carriers the ability to differentiate their services. "Different toolkits leads to fragmentation," said Chu.
In a sense, he conceded the guiding hand idea, noting Google and OHA wants to set the pace for innovation much as Apple (NASDAQ: AAPL) has with the iPhone. "I have to give Apple a lot of credit for opening up the eyes of the carriers of what's possible," he said. "That's what we're trying to do."
Rather than developers having to be skilled at multiple programming languages, Chu said OHA development relies on Java programming, with which most developers already have some familiarity. "We've already seen some great applications that rival the best," said Chu. "LiMo and others are welcome to join and contribute to the stack so everyone can benefit."
The jockeying for mobile leadership comes at a time of huge opportunity to tap the growing interest by both consumers and business customers in the latest mobile devices. ABI Research released a report this week that said the market for Mobile Internet Devices (MIDs) is likely to be the first real example where all mobile operating systems start on the same equal footing, without the baggage of established vendor's technology that accompanied the earlier generation of smartphones. Linux in particular is poised to take the lion's share of the MID market, with as much as 50 million units by 2013, according to ABI.
"The flexibility, customization and very positive cost comparison to Windows Mobile looks set to ensure that Linux takes the leading role in this market," said ABI Research vice president and research director Stuart Carlaw in a release.
IDC analyst Sean Ryan said Microsoft's position "is not without challenges," but its considerable resources and well-established network of developers, software and distribution will keep it a force to be reckoned with. "They are a juggernaut," Ryan told InternetNews.com. "Microsoft is well-bankrolled with a strong ecosystem and time proves out that's a successful model."
Wither Android?
There have been rumors that the first phones based on Android, Google's mobile operating system stack, will not be released by year's end as Google had promised. Chu simply nodded yes when asked by the panel moderator if the first devices would be released this year.
Rival LiMo has got the jump on Google in any case, with eight different vendors announcing phones this week based on Linux software.
"We're very excited," Morgan Gillis, executive director of the LiMo Foundation, told InternetNews.com. Alluding to a possible delay in Android phones, Gillis said the company "seems to have gotten very introspective of late. It's very difficult to create a handset platform and I wouldn't be surprised if they underestimated what it requires."
Moderator and self-proclaimed "Linux Pundit" Bill Weinberg said if LiMo and OHA joined forces it would speed the needed critical mass of devices for developers to target.
"We're an open organization, so it could happen," said Gillis. "Philosophically, we're committed to interoperability and getting developers involved in the mobile sector on a grand scale. We started with six companies, now we have 52. We're set up to embrace all companies."
Qualcomm's Choudhury said Microsoft (NASDAQ: MSFT) and Intel (NASDAQ: INTC) spawned a target platform that let developers create tens of thousands of applications that helped launch the so-called PC revolution.
"We won't end up with a Wintel architecture (in mobile)," he said. "But some coalescence is important for applications to be able to interact in the cloud. We have relationships with LiMo and OHA and others to really drive standardization in wireless."
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Subject: What are things that existed in 1999 that no longer exist?
Written By: 90s Guy on 05/25/18 at 4:54 pm
List some things that were part of every day life in 1999 that no longer are around.
-Landline phones
-Blockbuster
-Mom & Pop Video Stores
Subject: Re: What are things that existed in 1999 that no longer exist?
Written By: Voiceofthe70s on 05/25/18 at 5:07 pm
Landline phones no longer exist? ???
They exist, but not to any significant degree except perhaps in older households.
Written By: Wobo on 05/25/18 at 5:15 pm
WB Kids.
What about businesses?
Written By: mxcrashxm on 05/25/18 at 5:28 pm
Sega consoles
Fox Kids
Hollywood Video
AOL Messenger
Windows '95 and '98
Written By: Tyrannosaurus Rex on 05/25/18 at 5:48 pm
Discovery Zone was only around for the first half of that year.
Written By: AL-B Mk. III on 05/25/18 at 9:56 pm
Cathode-ray televisions.
But still, it was an attraction that existed in 1999, not anymore though.
Written By: Howard on 05/26/18 at 2:33 pm
people these days have a cell phone.
Written By: mwalker1996 on 05/26/18 at 4:57 pm
WWF (world wrestling federation)
Written By: Elor on 05/26/18 at 10:22 pm
I don't know about the US but over here most households still have a landline phone. They are nowadays often hooked up to the internet though (like in our house).
What's actually almost gone are payphones. No one is using those anymore.
I still hate saying WWE. >:(
What's actually almost gone are payphones. No one is using those anymore
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/3d_Av_16_St_LinkNYC_station_jeh.JPG/1200px-3d_Av_16_St_LinkNYC_station_jeh.JPG
That's right, What I see now are those LinkNYC systems.
You can browse the internet, recharge your phone, check the weather and read the news.
Disney's One Saturday Morning
Written By: Dude111 on 05/27/18 at 4:32 pm
Good candy..... All Candy I loved was changed to using SKIM MILK in 2000 and to me taste like crap now.......
Like what names of the candy? ???
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GOP Senate candidate Wolf says Republicans shouldn't make friends with Democrats
By SCOTT ROTHSCHILD, The Lawrence Journal-World
In his criticism of U.S. Sen. Pat Roberts, R-Kan., on Monday, Dr. Milton Wolf indicated Republicans shouldn't make friends with Democrats and that New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie's recent controversies have been caused by the media.
Wolf, a tea party-backed challenger to Roberts in the GOP primary, was interrupted several times by applause during his 24-minute talk to about 50 people who attended an event put on by the Douglas County Republican Party at Famous Dave's restaurant.
One of Wolf's major criticisms of Roberts is that Roberts voted in the Senate to confirm President Barack Obama's selection of Kathleen Sebelius in 2009 as secretary of Health and Human Services. Sebelius has been at the forefront of implementing the Affordable Care Act, commonly called Obamacare, which is opposed by all Republicans in Congress.
"One of the problems with our party is too often we're the go-along to get-along party," said Wolf. "We try to get people in the media to like us, we try to get the Democrats to like us. It never works. Ask Chris Christie about that. He can walk on the beach every day of the week with Barack Obama, but as soon as he starts looking like a candidate for the presidency, the media is going to stab him in the back," Wolf said.
In 2012, Christie, a Republican, praised the response of President Obama and the federal government to Hurricane Sandy, which battered the Northeast. Christie's appearances with Obama just days before the presidential election was criticized by some Republicans as helping Obama.
Recently, Christie has been embroiled in controversy over an allegation that his aides closed lanes to the George Washington Bridge in political retribution against a New Jersey mayor.
Wolf added, "You cannot make friends with our adversaries, and yet what we have — and this should trouble us all to know — is we have Sen. Roberts who voted to put Kathleen Sebelius in charge of Obamacare," he said.
Sebelius was confirmed as secretary on a 65-31 vote. Nine Republicans voted for her, including Roberts and then-U.S. Sen. Sam Brownback, a Republican who is now governor of Kansas. In recent months, Roberts has called for Sebelius to resign after the troubled roll-out of the ACA's enrollment website.
Posted by Nick Sloan at 2:01 AM
Labels: Kansas Politics, Milton Wolf, Pat Roberts, Politics
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Notes About Notes
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Patrons & friends
Simon Wright in action
As a conductor Simon Wright has earned universal respect and acclaim for his interpretations of wide-ranging and of challenging orchestral and choral repertoire. Throughout his professional career, which has also embraced roles as organist, accompanist, arranger and teacher, he has become established as a musician of enormous integrity, winning the admiration of musicians, audiences and critics alike.
In the UK
Simon has conducted many British orchestras including the Philharmonia, BBC Philharmonic, BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra, Royal Liverpool Philharmonic, Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra, English Northern Philharmonia, English Chamber Orchestra, Northern Sinfonia and Manchester Camerata. He made his début with the City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra in 2004 and returned to conduct the orchestra three times in 2006. He has also recently conducted student orchestras at the Royal Academy of Music and Trinity College of Music in London. A prize-winner in the 1986 Leeds Conducting Competition, Simon has been Conductor and Artistic Adviser of the Leeds Festival Chorus since 1975 and Musical Director and Principal Conductor of the York Guildhall Orchestra since 1992.
Classical Brits
For four years running Simon conducted the English Chamber Orchestra at the Classical Brit Awards held in the Royal Albert Hall and broadcast on national television, working with such soloists as Plácido Domingo, Dame Kiri Te Kanawa, Renée Fleming, Bryn Terfel, Andrea Bocelli and Sir James Galway.
He is deeply committed to the music of the 20th and 21st centuries and has conducted many orchestral and choral premières, including Dominic Muldowney’s The Fall of Jerusalem, the British première of Sir Peter Maxwell Davies’ Canticum Canticorum, Michael Stimpson’s Clouds of War with the Tallis Chamber Choir and English Chamber Orchestra and, most recently, David Matthews’ Fanfares and Flowers with the Trinity College of Music Wind Orchestra.
Recordings, both as conductor and keyboard player, with John Wallace OBE, the Wallace Collection and with the Philharmonia form a major part of his discography which includes recordings on the EMI, Nimbus, Collins Classics, GMN and IMP Masters labels. In 2003 he made his début with the BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra, conducting a recording of British trumpet concertos with John Wallace, a recording which was released on the Sanctuary Classics label in January 2006. Also in January, Simon made his début with the Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra and Chorus recording Elgar’s Music Makers and Sea Pictures with Sarah Connolly for Naxos. This recording was released in December 2006 to critical acclaim.
Simon has toured extensively within Europe, appearing at many major festivals, including Edinburgh, and made his American début in New York in 1986. Recent among his European engagements have been recordings and concerts with the Philharmonisches Staatsorchester Bremen and the Philharmonie und Kammerphilharmonie des Mitteldeutschen Rundfunks Leipzig. Recent engagements have also taken him to the USA, Canada, Italy, France, Germany and Spain as well as to the Caribbean, with the English Chamber Orchestra, and Oman.
Early talent
Born in Sunderland, Simon was educated at Chetham’s School, Manchester and at the Royal Manchester College of Music. A regular accompanist of the Hallé Choir, often working with Sir John Barbirolli, he won, at the age of 16, a scholarship to the Royal Manchester College. Four years later he was appointed Organist of the Benedictine foundation at Ampleforth Abbey in North Yorkshire, a post which he relinquished in Summer 2005.
Last Friday was all about these 400+ individuals on stage @BridgewaterHall for @Chethams 50th anniversary concert. Photograph taken during the final rehearsal.
@Nostrebornala @Chethams @LFChorus @BBCRadio3 @AilishTynanEire @MEBLeBrocq Made me cry when I watched it live and made me cry again listening to it on Radio 3 tonight! 🎶🎶🎶 Just awesome @Chethams @stevethrelfall2 @BridgewaterHall
It was harder than a gym work out to help @LFChorus prepare for Mahler 8 with @Chethams - great to hear it on @BBCRadio3 now conducted by @stevethrelfall2. Congratulations to all involved, what fabulous music!#somanynotes #tiredfingers https://t.co/FAgPUbR5Lg
Don’t miss the amazing @Chethams school orchestra & chorus (with a little help from other choirs, including @LFChorus) giving a thrilling performance of #Mahler8 on @BBCRadio3 , with wonderful line up of soloists, including @AilishTynanEire & @MEBLeBrocq.
https://t.co/E7x6XQnPSI
For those interested, last Friday's apparently thrilling performance of Mahler's Symphony No 8 aka Symphony of 1000 (inc g/F @singingsarahd as part of @LFChorus) in celebration of Chetham's Music School's 50th anniversary is @BBCRadio3 1930 tonight & then https://t.co/cDwIsE5Sc6
@LFChorus
For more information, contact our Admin Secretary Andrew Smith on 07980 009118 or email us
Leeds Festival Chorus is registered charity number 517127
© Leeds Festival Chorus 2019
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Officials: Trump mulls calling Jerusalem Israel’s capital
FILE - In this March 17, 2003, file photo, an Israeli border policemen guards the U.S. Embassy in Tel Aviv as other Israelis line up for U.S. visas. U.S. officials say President Donald Trump is poised to again delay his campaign promise to move the U.S. Embassy in Israel from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem. But they say he’ll likely temper the blow to his supporters by declaring the holy city as Israel’s capital. (Eitan Hess-Ashkenazi, File/Associated Press)
President Donald Trump is considering recognizing Jerusalem as Israel’s capital, a highly charged declaration that risks inflaming tensions across the Middle East, officials said Thursday. The announcement would be a way to offset a likely decision delaying his campaign promise to move the U.S. Embassy to the holy city from Tel Aviv.
Trump’s announcement is expected next week and follows months of internal deliberations that grew particularly intense in recent days, according to officials familiar with the talks. They described the president as intent on fulfilling his pledge to move the embassy but also mindful that doing so could set back his aim of forging a long-elusive peace agreement between Israel and the Palestinians, who claim part of Jerusalem as the capital of an eventual state.
The officials, who weren’t authorized to publicly discuss the matter and spoke on condition of anonymity, said the outlines of Trump’s plan emerged from a meeting of his top national security advisers at the White House on Monday. Trump himself was expected to drop by the meeting for 15 or 20 minutes. He ended up staying for at least an hour and grew increasingly animated during the session, according to two officials briefed on what happened.
Trump is likely to issue a waiver on moving the embassy by Monday, officials said, though they cautioned that the president could always decide otherwise.
The White House also is considering a possible presidential speech or statement on Jerusalem by Wednesday, according to the officials and an outside administration adviser. Another possibility involves Vice President Mike Pence, who is set to travel to Israel in mid-December, making the Jerusalem announcement during his trip, one official said. Pence said Tuesday that Trump is “actively considering when and how” to move the embassy.
The Trump administration insisted the president hasn’t made any decisions on the embassy.
“No decision on this matter has been made yet,” State Department spokeswoman Heather Nauert said Thursday.
White House spokesman Sarah Sanders on Wednesday called an earlier report saying Trump would order an embassy move as “premature.”
Moving the embassy is a step that could spark widespread protest across the Middle East and undermine an Arab-Israeli peace push led by president’s son-in-law, Jared Kushner. Trump’s campaign season promises won him the support of powerful pro-Israel voices in the Republican Party. But as president, he has faced equally forceful lobbying from close U.S. allies such as King Abdullah II of Jordan, who have impressed on him the dangers in abandoning America’s carefully balanced position on the holy city.
Under U.S. law signed by President Bill Clinton in 1995, the U.S. must relocate its embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem unless the president waives the requirement on national security grounds, something required every six months. If the waiver isn’t signed and the embassy doesn’t move, the State Department would lose half its funding for its facilities and their security around the world. Republicans have championed embassy security since a 2012 attack on American compounds in Benghazi, Libya.
All presidents since Clinton have issued the waiver, saying Jerusalem’s status is a matter for Israelis and Palestinians to negotiate. Trump signed the waiver at the last deadline in June, but the White House made clear he still intended to move the embassy.
Trump’s approach appears to thread a fine needle, much like he did with the Iran nuclear deal. After vowing to pull out, Trump in October decertified the agreement as no longer serving America’s national interests. But he didn’t announce new sanctions or take any other step to immediately revoke the accord.
Now, as then, he faced significant resistance from his top national security advisers.
At Monday’s White House meeting, Defense Secretary James Mattis and Secretary of State Rex Tillerson made the case that moving the embassy in Israel would pose a grave danger to American diplomats and troops stationed in the Middle East and Muslim nations, the U.S. officials said.
King Abdullah II, who met Pence and Tillerson this week in Washington, made the same argument, telling the vice president and others that any change to the embassy in the absence of an Israeli-Palestinian peace deal would create unrest and instability throughout the region and drive up anti-American sentiment, according to the officials.
After a lengthy back and forth at the White House meeting, Trump and his inner circle appeared to accept those concerns but insisted that the president had to demonstrate his stated commitment to move the embassy, the officials said. The discussion then turned toward waiving the embassy move for another six months but combining it with recognition of Jerusalem as Israel’s eternal capital, which the Israelis have long sought.
Checkpoint newsletter
Military, defense and security at home and abroad.
Any change in U.S. position is delicate.
The State Department recently advised American diplomatic posts in predominantly Muslim nations that an announcement about the embassy and Jerusalem’s status is possible next week, and advised them to be vigilant about possible protests, officials said.
Inside the Trump administration, officials said debate now centers on how to make a Jerusalem announcement without affecting Israeli-Palestinian “final status” negotiations. One option under consideration is to include in any such statement a nod to Palestinian aspirations for their capital to be in east Jerusalem.
The U.S. also faces legal constraints. Recognizing Jerusalem as Israel’s capital without a peace deal could run afoul of U.N. Security Council resolutions that don’t recognize Israeli sovereignty over the city. Washington has a veto on the council and could block any effort to declare the U.S. in violation, but any such vote risks being an embarrassment and driving a wedge between the United States and many of its closest allies.
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Medical Schools Information
Top Rated Education sites.
Home : Education : Medical Schools [ Add URL to this Category ]
Medical Certification Solutions
Medical Certification Solutions provides acls/pals/bls certification training to all medical personal.
Wake up Tantric School
Tantric Center: Learning more about your energy, love and feelings inside with tantra. Tantra and massage school for men. Controll your body, your energy and learn to give massage for your partner.
Dalhousie Faculty of Medicine
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Dartmouth Medical School is dedicated to advancing health through the discovery and dissemination of knowledge. Our chief responsibility is to select students of exceptional character and accomplishment an
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan
The Department of Anesthesiology at the University of Michigan Medical School maintains a Website to provide information about personnell and programs in the department. Medical students and resident applicants can find information about applying to the R
To these ends, the mission of Duke University is to provide a superior liberal education to undergraduate students, attending not only to their intellectual growth but also to their development as adults committed to high ethical standards and
EVMS serves the region of southeastern Virginia known as Hampton Roads, a community that consistently ranks high in independent quality
Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University
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The history of medicine in Montreal and the history of McGill University are closely intertwined. In medicine, The Hotel Dieu Hospital had been established in 1644, but by the early 1800s, it could only accommodate thirty patients1 and was unab
Faculty of Medicine - University of Montreal
Les étudiants de l'Université de Montréal se sont classés au premier rang parmi les 16 facultés de médecine du pays à l'examen du Conseil médical du Canada portant sur la compétence en médecine générale et en soins
Faculty of Medicine - University of Toronto
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This is a web site dedicated for the Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland. Within the homepage are links to the various disciplines, divisions and departments affiliated with the faculty.
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One of the world's preeminent institutions in medical education and research. The breadth and depth of its scientific and clinical disciplines are unsurpassed. The School has nearly 8,000 faculty and 17 affiliated facilities.
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Jichi Medical School (JMS) was established in 1972 to ensure and improve medical services in remote areas where medical resources are scarce. The aim of the school is to turn out humane doctors with highly advanced clinical skills, to advance medical sci
Kochi Medical School Home Page
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"The purpose of Life University is to train qualified people from all walks of life throughout the world... not only to become skilled professionals but to also become meaningful human beings possessing an innate goodness and the ability to touch and affe
Life University, School of Chiropractic
The Postgraduate Education Department of Life University is dedicated to providing quality professional programs for license renewal credits. It is intended that all educational programs will serve as a medium to provide continuing education to better as
Louisiana State University Medical School
The School of Medicine in Shreveport was authorized by an act of the Louisiana Legislature in 1965 as a part of the Medical Center. In 1966 the Legislature authorized The LSU System to issue $10 Million in bonds to initiate establishment and construction
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Lviv State Medical University
Academic education in accordance with the standards of profession of a doctor, dentist, pharmaceutist. Professional training in various medical specialities Research work. Prevention, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation in practical medicine. Impro
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Medical School of Ben-Gurion University - Israel
In a small corner of this desert, the Medical School of Ben-Gurion University has become a beacon to countries throughout the world. The establishment of the Medical School in l974, located "temporarily" in Beer-Sheva's Soroka Hospital (which services th
Providing the underserved with access to health care and education. The dream has evolved into Meharry's being today the largest private historically black institution exclusively dedicated to ed
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The Morehouse School of Medicine is a historically black institution established to recruit and train minority and other students as physicians and biomedical scientists committed to the primary healthcare needs of the underserved.
Commitment to excellence in research, education and patient care form the foundation that makes Mount Sinai School of Medicine (MSSM) in Manhattan one of the world's foremost centers for medical and scientific training.
The New York University School of Medicine has a proud history that goes back to 1837 and includes initiation of and participation in many of the major events in American medicine through two centuries. In
Northwestern University Medical School
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Calcio Special : Creating A New Method For The Youth In Serie A
The latest 2010 World Cup results have put the Italian soccer's credibility at stake as they fail to qualify from the group stage despite their defending champion status. Making things much more worse, the Azzurri fail to win a single game on the group which consist of opponents that on paper are weaker than them.
That epic failure has slammed the face of the footballing country's soccer federation, resulting the implementation of some new rules and projects to get more quality local players for the Azzurri's future.
One of the most exciting projects is the plan to change the competition for youth players, usually called as the Primavera, so that Italy's young generation can produce talents like they usually did a while ago. The Azzurrini seems to have a gap of generation that doesn't allow them to have a proper deputy for their aging super stars such as Alessandro Nesta, Francesco Totti, Alessandro Del Piero or even Andrea Pirlo. The latest Italian young players that have a respectable result was the u-21 side that compete on 2009 UEFA Euro u-21 in Sweden.
That young team which consist players such as Mario Balotelli, Sebastian Giovinco, Marco Motta, Robert Acquafresca, Luca Cigarini, Domenico Criscito and others managed to reach the semi final before loosing to the eventual winners, Germany. However, despite displaying a pretty impressive performance on the tournament, there were only two players who managed to break into Italy's senior side in the 2010 World Cup. The worse part is that most of those youngsters failed to break into their club's first team that pretty much resulted in the usage of so many veteran in South Africa.
Seeing the fact that happened to those young Italian talents, people could pretty much figure out that Italy do have talented youngsters but there's something wrong with their development in club level. Many experts in the country believes that one of the biggest reasons that caused Italy's young talents fail to be a first time player in their clubs is because they are not ready to compete with senior players. This is what brought the idea of creating a new formula for the Primavera competition which will try to adopt the system done in England with the reserve team or in Spain with the B team.
“If there is a reformation of the Serie A and B structure in the works, then why not find space for reserve teams? In Spain, Germany, England and France they have different ways of achieving this. That's what FIGC vice president and former Ac Milan star, Demetrio Albertini, stated to the press regarding his vision for the Primavera's future system.
The idea of this new formula is creating a league where talented youngsters can play or compete with older players without having too much pressure to win something as the important part is getting them ready to face the real league which is Serie A. Should the FIGC decide to follow the English reserve league system, that means that every team in Serie A can put out some of their most talented group of young players and combine them with older players that fail to get a place in the first team or those returning from injuries. Those combination of players will be the team's roosters as they are set to compete in a league of their own. This concept would be a little bit similar to the Primavera as every team will have the same type of squad but it would be more competitive with the addition of the senior players.
Another method that can be used is the Spanish methods of creating a B team to compete in the lower division in the league so the youngsters can really play against older and more experienced players. In theory this formula should be more effective compared to the reserve league method as by regularly competing with more experienced players, the youngsters could grow faster and eventually become much more ready to play in the first team. Off course not all of the juniors can play in the first team but at least they will be much more prepared mentally and physically to play in Serie A.
Unfortunately, until this date the formula is nothing more than a plan, with the Primavera season already being scheduled surely this season everything just would stay the same. Hopefully with the statement from someone like Albertini, the new system can be concluded soon. The new system would also be the most appropriate answer to help young talents bloom instead of creating rules such as reducing the non EU players in the league. If the big clubs in Serie A can have a trustworthy young players on their ranks, they won't be bothered to purchase foreign talent that could cost them much more money.
note: this article was previously posted on Soccer 365 by me off course, it was released just after the 2010 World Cup, sometime around 2010/2011 season if I'm not wrong. Rather old but since it's still pretty much an interesting issue, I decided to publish it again, mainly because it has been taken off from Soccer 365 site.
However, I'm starting some new pieces again at Soccer 365, hopefully it would work out well :) Ciao Ciao
Posted by Dewa Nugraha at 10:37 PM
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Mobile devices bring kids back to Sesame Street
Rebecca | March 17, 2014 | Featured News, Gadgets, Technology News | No Comments
A new partnership has formed between the kids’ entertainment company and Kobo ereaders.
One of the global leaders in ereading mobile devices, Kobo, has just announced that it has entered into a partnership with Sesame Workshop in order to make it possible to produce Sesame Street ebooks through its proprietary platform.
This agreement will bring over 50 kids ebook favorites onto the screens of their ereader gadgets.
Some of the titles that are expected to be among the most popularly downloaded to the Kobo ereader mobile devices include “The Monster at the End of This Book”, “How to Be a Grouch” and “Count to 10”. These, among others, are already all available at the mobile commerce Kids’ Store on the brand’s platform.
This will help to enhance the offerings for children over these mobile devices in a meaningful way.
According to the Kobo chief content officer, Michael Tamblyn, in a press release from the company, “We are thrilled to make the Sesame Street titles available to Kobo customers.” He explained that Sesame Street is among the leading global children’s entertainment organizations. Kobo has wanted to create an agreement with the brand for quite some time and Tamblyn stated that they “knew that making their books available to our customers was one of the best ways to round out our Kids’ Store catalogue.”
As a part of the launch of this brand into their mcommerce offerings, the audio ebook “The ABCs of Cookies”, which typically retails for $4.99, will be available to North American readers for $0.99 from this week through until March 22, 2014.
The Sesame Workshop vice president of worldwide publishing, Jennifer A. Perry, explained that the company was happy to launch their eBooks on the Kobo platform, “As it is one of the most popular reading devices around the world.” She went on to point out that their primary goal is to be able to reach children no matter where they are, so choosing this ereader provided them with one of the best possible opportunities with which to achieve that goal.
The Kids Store at Kobo already offers children almost 100,000 titles. Its design makes it easy for kids and young adults to be able to use their mobile devices to find exactly the book that they want to read, whether it is from a bestselling series, a picture book, or a read along.
Tags:gadgets, kobo, kobo ereaders, kobo kids store, kobo mobile devices, mcommerce, mobile commerce, mobile devices, mobile gadgets, sesame street, sesame street ebooks, sesame workshop
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Rebecca currently attends CSUN and is working on her B.A. Her specialty is in technical writing and has posted many quality articles on other popular sites - we are so excited to have her on board!
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Listen to the First Release From Chris Stapleton’s New Album, “From A Room: Vol 2”
by Jim Casey | @TheJimCasey | October 20, 2017
Following the release of From A Room: Volume 1 in May 2017, Chris Stapleton announced that Volume 2 will be released on Dec. 1.
Taking its name from Nashville’s historic RCA Studio A—where it was recorded in 2016 with producer Dave Cobb—Volume 2 will feature nine songs, including seven co-penned by Chris.
One of the two songs that Chris did not co-write is Kevin Welch’s “Millionaire,” which you can listen to below.
From A Room: Volume 1 debuted at No. 1 on Billboard’s Country Albums chart and No. 2 on the all-genre Billboard 200 chart. It remains the best-selling country album of 2017.
From A Room: Volume 2 Track List & Songwriters
“Millionaire” (Kevin Welch)
“Hard Livin’” (Chris Stapleton, Kendell Marvel)
“Scarecrow in the Garden” (Chris Stapleton, Brice Long, Matt Fleener)
“Nobody’s Lonely Tonight” (Chris Stapleton, Mike Henderson)
“Tryin’ to Untangle My Mind” (Chris Stapleton, Jaron Boyer, Kendell Marvel)
“A Simple Song” (Chris Stapleton, Darrell Hayes)
“Midnight Train to Memphis” (Chris Stapleton, Mike Henderson)
“Drunkard’s Prayer” (Chris Stapleton, Jameson Clark)
“Friendship” (Homer Banks, Lester Snell)
written by Jim Casey | @TheJimCasey | published October 20, 2017 9:41 AM
category: NCD News | related posts: Chris Stapleton, From A Room Volume 2, Millionaire
← Chris Young Talks New Album, New Tour, Opry Induction & More
Listen to Alan Jackson’s New Song, “The Older I Get,” From Upcoming Album →
Breaking Thru With Elaina
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African Focus July 4, 2013 - No comments
New EU support for renewable energy policy in Nigeria
BRUSSELS, Kingdom of Belgium, July 4, 2013/African Press Organization (APO)/ – Today, the European Commission announced €27 million of financial support to help improve the renewable energy policy in Nigeria. Currently, a large part of the Nigerian population lacks access to energy or relies on polluting fuels such as fuel wood and charcoal with severe consequences for health and the environment.
The newly launched Energising Access to Sustainable Energy (EASE) programme aims to improve the enabling framework conditions for renewable energy and energy efficiency in Nigeria and, in particular, with a focus on the use of renewable energies by Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and households.
“At the moment, 80 per cent of the population in rural Nigeria have no access to electricity at all. Our overall objective is to help decrease this number significantly, but it is also important to improve the wellbeing of those who do have access, since they often suffer from inadequate lightning to carry out their housework and from inhaling toxic smokes due to unmaintained cooking stoves”, said European Commissioner for Development Andris Piebalgs.
The EASE programme will also address the massive deforestation and cutting of trees for fuel wood, which is the main energy source for the majority of the population, by planting more trees. Furthermore, Nigeria is the second largest gas flaring country, emitting some 40 million tons of CO2 each day. Through the promotion of reduced gas flaring, the EASE programme will contribute to resource conservation and help fight climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Some other activities to be carried out through the programme will include: design of energy assessment and strategies to increase access to energy, providing essential training on aspects such as norms, standards, and tariffs, or the development of business plans to demonstrate commercial viability of small-scale gas resources.
The new programme will be run in partnership with the World Bank (which will contribute with over €4,6 million) and the GIZ (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit) (with a contribution of €9 million).
The EU has allocated €697 million to cooperation with Nigeria through the 10th European Development Fund (EDF) which runs from 2007-2013. The key areas of our development work in the country are:
Governance and human rights – €146 million
Peace and security – €402 million
Trade, regional integration and energy security – €47 million
Health – €88 million.
The EU will look together with Nigeria on how to address the root causes of terrorism in the programming of the 11th EDF.
EU cooperation on energy in developing countries
More than 1 billion people on the planet do not have access to electricity, half of them in Africa. This is one of the greatest brakes on Africa’s development.
The EU is the biggest donor in energy worldwide and has invested more than €2 billion over the last five years on energy projects in developing countries and more than €1 billion on improving the state of the energy sector in Africa, including efforts to increase access to modern energy services.
The link between energy and development is fundamental. That is why energy is a key part of the Agenda for Change, the blueprint for reforming the EU development policy. This new orientation was created with the aim that EU aid should be focused on the most strategic and growth-oriented sectors, including energy.
Website of the EU Delegation in Nigeria:
http://eeas.europa.eu/delegations/nigeria/index_en.htm
Website of EuropeAid Development and Cooperation DG:
http://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/index_en.htm
Website of the European Commissioner for Development Andris Piebalgs:
http://ec.europa.eu/commission_2010-2014/piebalgs/index_en.htm
© 2013, Newstime Africa. All rights reserved. – The views expressed here are purely those of the author and not necessarily those of the publishers. – Newstime Africa content cannot be reproduced in any form – electronic or print – without prior consent of the Publishers. Copyright infringement will be pursued and perpetrators prosecuted.
Tags:European Union, nigeria, Renewable energy policy
Newstime Africa
Africa's Breaking News Center
New Model of aid to Africa as Barack Obama unveils ambitious plan to improve access to electricity across the continent
Malawians in maiden commonwealth chess competition
Headline News February 28, 2019
UK statement on re-election of President Buhari in Nigeria
LONDON – PRN Africa — Minister of State for Africa, Harriett Baldwin, congratulates President Buhari on securing a second term…
Nigeria February 20, 2019
Nigeria’s election delay: why, and what next?
Newspaper headlines following the decision by Nigeria’s National Electoral Commission to delay the country’s poll. EPA-EFE/Jayden Joshua Olayinka Ajala, University…
BRUSSELS, Kingdom of Belgium, July 4, 2013/African Press Organization (APO)/ –
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Proterozoic
Previous (Protein)
Next (Protestantism)
The geological eons and eras
-4500 —
-500 —
Hadean
Archean
Protero
-zoic
Phanero
Ceno
Millions of years
The Proterozoic eon is an interval of geologic time of nearly 2 billion years extending from about 2500 million years ago (mya) to about 542 mya. The Proterozoic eon is framed at its earliest boundary by the end of the Archean eon and at its more recent boundary by the start of the Phanerozoic eon, which begins with the appearance of abundant macroscopic hard-shelled animals in the fossil record and extends to the present time.
2 The build-up of oxygen
3 Proterozoic Life
During the Proterozoic eon, eukaryotes (cells with a distinct nucleus) first appear in the fossil record about 1.7 billion years ago. Over the next billion years the eukaryotes greatly diversified until by the later Proterozoic there were abundant soft-bodied, multicellular organisms—although, being soft-bodied, they were only rarely preserved by fossilization. Another process occurring primarily during the Proterozoic eon was a transition to an oxygenated atmosphere, which made it possible for the more complex multicellular organisms to meet their energy needs. The Proterozoic eon thus provided the foundation for the explosion of life forms, including most phyla of animals, (the so-called Cambrian explosion) that marks the beginning of the Phanerozoic eon.
This red algae's ancestors, dating from 1200 million years ago in the Proterozoic eon, are thought to have been the first multicellular organisms.
The Proterozoic eon (2500-542 mya) comprises three geologic eras, from oldest to youngest:
Paleoproterozoic era (2500-1600 mya)
Mesoproterozoic era (1600-1000 mya)
Neoproterozoic era (1000-542 mya)
The Paleoproterozoic era is an interval of 900 million years during which the continents first stabilized, eukaryotic (nucleated) cells developed, oxygen-producing photosynthetic bacteria developed, and oxygen from the bacteria combined with iron in the oceans to form most of Earth's banded iron formations.
The Mesoproterozoic era is an interval of 600 million years whose signature events are the formation and break up of supercontinents and the development of sexual reproduction in organisms.
The Neoproterozoic era is an interval of 458 million years during which Earth was hit by the most severe glaciations known—to the extent that ice sheets reached the equator. In the later parts of the era, the earliest evidence of multicelled life is found, including the earliest animals.
The geologic record of the Proterozoic eon is much clearer than that for the preceding Archean eon. Unlike the Archean eon with its deep-water deposits, the Proterozoic eon features many strata that were laid down in extensive shallow epicontinental seas; furthermore, many of these rocks are less metamorphosed than Archean-age ones, and many other Proterozoic rocks are unaltered (Stanley 1999). Study of these rocks shows that the Proterozoic featured massive, rapid continental accretion (unique to the Proterozoic), supercontinent cycles, and modern orogenic (mountain building) activity (Stanley 1999).
The first known glaciations occurred during the Proterozoic eon; one began shortly after the eon opened and there were at least four during its closing era, the Neoproterozoic. These episodes climaxed with the "Snowball Earth" of the Varangian (or Ediacaran) glaciation (Stanley 1999).
Proterozoic eon (2500 - 542 million years ago)
Paleoproterozoic era
Mesoproterozoic era
Neoproterozoic era
Siderian
Rhyacian
Orosirian
Statherian
Calymmian
Ectasian
Stenian
Tonian
Cryogenian
Ediacaran
----------X--------------------------Three probable snowball earth episodes.------------------------------------X—X----
The build-up of oxygen
One of the most important events of the Proterozoic was the build up of oxygen in Earth's atmosphere
One of the most important events of the Proterozoic was the build up of oxygen in Earth's atmosphere. Until roughly 2.3 billion years ago, oxygen was probably only one to two percent of its current level (Stanley 1999).Though oxygen was undoubtedly released by photosynthesis well back in Archean times, it could not build up to any significant degree until the primary chemical "sinks"—unoxidized sulfur and iron—had been filled, that is until much of the sulfur and iron had reacted with oxygen to form oxides. Banded iron formations (BIFs) are the result of the operation of the unoxidized iron sink in which, through an irregular periodic process not yet well understood, many alternating layers of mixed iron oxides covered over with lighter weight sediments were deposited on the ocean bottoms. The BIFs provide most of the world's iron ore; most accumulation of BIFs ceased after 1.9 billion years ago, through a process that also is not well understood, but is thought to be due to either an increase in oxygen or a more thorough mixing of the oceanic water column (Stanley 1999).
Red beds, which are colored by hematite (a particular type of iron oxide), indicate an increase in atmospheric oxygen less than two billion years ago; they are not found in older rocks (Stanley 1999). The oxygen build-up was probably due to two factors: A filling of the chemical sinks, and an increase in carbon burial, which sequestered organic compounds that would have otherwise been oxidized by the atmosphere (Stanley 1999).
Proterozoic Life
One of the major developments in life is the transition from prokaryotes (non-nucleated cells) to eukaryotes (nucleated cells). Mayr (2001) states that the origin of eukaryotes is "perhaps the most important and dramatic event in the history of life." Prokaryotes originated in the Archean eon, with fossils known from about 3.5 billion years ago (3500 mya). The first fossils of eukaryote organisms are known from the subsequent Proterozoic eon, tracing to about 1.7 billion years ago (Mayr 2001). Eukaryotes, however, may have actually originated during the Archean eon and simply not left any fossils (Stanley 1999).
Mayr (2001) speculates that eukaryotes may have originated one billion years prior to the first findings of eukaryote fossils. He notes that lipids, by-products of eukaryotic metabolism, have been found in rocks that are 2700 million years old, dating from the Archean eon. There is a possibility, however, that these molecules percolated down from more recent strata into these older strata, although most geologists deny this possibility (Mayr 2001).
During the Proterozic eon, eukaryotes greatly diversified, and by the late Proterozoic there were abundant soft-bodied, multicellular organisms.
The oldest shelled fossils are those of the Ediacaran period, which ranges from approximately 635 to 542 million years before the present and is the youngest or closing period of the Proterozoic eon. The Ediacaran biota is occasionally referred to as the Vendian biota. This usage echoes the former name Vendian, by which the Ediacaran period was known in Russia and some other parts of the world before the official naming of the period in 2004. The Ediacaran fossils are the oldest definite multicellular fossils. According to Mayr (2001), Ediacaran fossils from the late Proterozoic contain "many strange types as well as others clearly related to the Cambrian types." (The Cambrian period follows immediately after the Ediacaran period.)
The first advanced single-celled and multi-cellular life roughly coincides with the oxygen accumulation; this may have been due to an increase in the oxidized nitrates that eukaryotes use, as opposed to cyanobacteria (Stanley 1999). It was also during the Proterozoic that the first symbiotic relationship between mitochondria (for animals and protists) and chloroplasts (for plants) and their hosts evolved (Stanley 1999).
The blossoming of eukaryotes, such as acritarchs, did not preclude the expansion of cyanobacteria; in fact, stromatolites (structures thought to have been formed by microorganisms, particularly cyanobacteria) reached their greatest abundance and diversity during the Proterozoic, peaking roughly 1.2 billion years ago (Stanley 1999).
Classically, the boundary between the Proterozoic eon and the Paleozoic era (within the Phanerozoic eon) was set at the base of the Cambrian period, when the first fossils of animals known as trilobites and archeocyathids appeared. In the second half of the twentieth century, a number of fossil forms have been found in Proterozoic rocks (the Ediacaran fossils), but the upper boundary of the Proterozoic has remained fixed at the base of the Cambrian, which is currently placed at 542 mya. Most animal phyla appeared in the late Proterozoic and early Cambrian, about 565-530 mya in what has been popularly called the Cambrian explosion because the appearance was so geologically sudden and simultaneous. Mayr (2001) notes that the Cambrian fossils appeared "seemingly full-fledged" and that "no fossils intermediate between them have been found and no living intermediates are in existence."
Hagadorni, J.W., and B. Waggoner. “Ediacaran fossils from the Southwestern Great Basin, United States.” Journal of Paleontology. 74(2): 349-359, 2000.
Mayr, E. What Evolution Is. New York: Basic Books, 2001. ISBN 0465044263.
Stanley, S. M. Earth System History. New York: W.H. Freeman and Company, 1999. ISBN 0716728826.
Geologic Time (ca. 4500 million years ago - present)
Phanerozoic
Precambrian (ca. 4500 - 542 million years ago)
Proterozoic history
Neoproterozoic history
Ediacaran_biota history
Ediacaran history
History of "Proterozoic"
Retrieved from http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/p/index.php?title=Proterozoic&oldid=1001028
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Entering the National Basketball Association as an expansion team in 1989, the Minnesota Timberwolves have not yet won a championship, though the acquisition of future Hall of Famer, Kevin Garnett put the T-Wolves in the national spotlight and made them a force in the Western Conference.
With Garnett, Minnesota would become a playoff contender, however would lose in the First Round seven times in a row. In their eighth playoff attempt, the 2003-04 season, they would break through to the Western Conference Finals but would fall to the Los Angeles Lakers.
They have not been to the NBA playoff since.
This list is up to the end of the 2015/16 season.
Note: Basketball lists are based on an amalgamation of tenure, traditional statistics, advanced statistics, playoff statistics and post-season accolades.
1. Kevin Garnett
This might be one of the easiest top choice that we ever had to decide on.
2. Kevin Love
The main go-to player for the Minnesota Timberwolves for years, Kevin Love may not have been able to take his team to the playoffs but he was thought to be one of the best Power Forwards in the game. Before he would become the “third option” and an NBA Champion in Cleveland, Love would become a two-time Second Team All-NBA Selection and a three-time All-Star. Love did not exactly leave Minnesota on the best of…
3. Wally Szczerbiak
The son of former ABA player, Walt Szczerbiak, Wally Szczerbiak was sixth overall by the T-Wolves after being named the MAC Player of the Year. The former University of Miami Redhawk would make First Team All-Rookie honors and in his third year, he would have his best ever campaign in the National Basketball Association. That year, Szczerbiak would make the All-Star Team. As a member of the Minnesota Timberwolves, Szczerbiak would finish in the top…
Wally Szczerbiak
4. Terrell Brandon
An All-Star twice as a Cleveland Cavalier, Terrell Brandon had a lot left to offer when he arrived in Minnesota. The Point Guard was equal mentor as he was a player and would actually see the best Assists numbers of his career. This was also true with his Steals statistics, as he would twice finish in the top ten in Steals per Game.Brandon, who was with the T-Wolves for three and a half seasons never…
terrell brandon
5. Tom Gugliotta
In the lengthy 14 year NBA career of Power Forward, Tom Gugliotta, the peak period was easily the three and half seasons he was with Minnesota. “Googs” would reward the Timberwolves fans with two consecutive 20 Point per Game seasons and was an All Star in 1997.
tom gugliotta
6. Sam Cassell
The well travelled (eight teams in fifteen years) Sam Cassell plied his trade with the Minnesota Timberwolves for just two seasons, one of which resulted in his only All Star Game appearance. In that season, the Point Guard would average 19.8 Points per Game and a 22.8 PER, both of which were career highs when he was with one team during an NBA campaign. He would also be named to a post season All-NBA team,…
Sam Cassell
7. Christian Laettner
A mega-star at Duke and a member of the 1992 United States Dream Team, Christian Laettner did not have the same career he had in the professional ranks as he did in the college ones, but the third overall draft pick in 1992 still made a mark in Minnesota. Laettner’s numbers were at his best in Minnesota where he averaged a healthy 17.2 Points per Game Average.
8. Sam Mitchell
How can you not love the story of Sam Mitchell?
sam mitchell
9. Nikola Pekovic
From the small Basketball mad nation of Montenegro, Nikola Pekovic took his sweet time making his way to the NBA as he was busy dominating the Euro League. Pekovic would finish third in Most Improved Voting in the 2011/12 season and followed that up with two seasons averaging over 15 Points and 8 Rebounds per Game. Pekovic would suffer ankle issues in the 2014/15 season that limited his playing time to 31 Games and even…
nikola pekovic
10. Ricky Rubio
No matter the efficiency of Ricky Rubio, one thing can always be stated about Spanish Point Guard, Ricky Rubio; he is always exciting to watch!
11. Pooh Richardson
Coming out of UCLA, Point Guard, Pooh Richardson (yes, he was named after Winnie the Pooh), never missed a game in his three seasons with the Timberwolves. The former Pac-10 Freshman of the Year would average 15 Points per Game in Minnesota, which was by far the best offensive output of his career…though he never did learn how to shoot free throws!
pooh richarsdon
12. Gorgui Dieng
From the West African nation of Senegal, the large Center, Gorgui Dieng played in the United States in High School and in College at the University of Louisville. Dieng would be a late first rounder for the Timberwolves and has proven (as of this writing) to be a solid member of the NBA. As a very young man, we are anxious to see what else he may have within him on the hardwood.
gorgui dieng
13. Anthony Peeler
A member of the Minnesota Timberwolves midway through his National Basketball Association career, Anthony Peeler, spent the bulk of his NBA tenure with the Wolves. Peeler managed a long NBA career but it was with Minnesota where he had his longest run.
anthony peeler
14. Joe Smith
Statistically speaking Joe Smith belongs on this list. The versatile forward averaged 10.3 Points per Game over 247 NBA contests with slightly above average advanced metrics. He would essentially become an NBA journeyman playing for 12 teams, but it was with Minnesota where he was most famous, and dare we say most infamous.
15. Tyrone Corbin
Over the sixteen years that Tyrone Corbin spent in the NBA, there is no question that the best run of his career was in Minnesota. Joining the T-Wolves when they were an expansion team, he was not winning often but he enjoyed the best individual seasons on his career putting up career highs in Points per Game with 18.0 and Rebounds with 7.4.
tyrone corbin
16. Karl-Anthony Towns
Karl-Anthony Towns arrived in Minnesota as the first overall pick of the 2015 Draft and he did exactly what you want in his rookie season by winning the Rookie of the Year award and being a fringe All-Star candidate. What you expect after is for steady improvement and again, this is exactly what the T-Wolves have received thus far.
karlanthony towns
17. Fred Hoiberg
The last two years of Fred Hoiberg’s playing career were spent with Minnesota where he did exactly the same thing he did everywhere else he played; come off the bench and drain threes. Hoiberg’s final year as a player actually saw him post his best shooting numbers by a wide margin, even leading the Association in Three Point Shooting Percentage. Hoiberg was forced to retire due to medical reasons and he would join the Timberwolves…
18. Rasho Nesterovic
From the former Yugoslavian nation of Slovenia, Radoslav “Rasho” Nesterovic was a late first rounder who may not have done things fancy, but did the little things to make his teams better. Nesterovic grew his game every season in Minnesota, leading up to an 11.2 Points per Game season, the most productive of his career. It was so good, he was signed by the San Antonio Spurs and would earn a NBA Championship Ring with…
rasho nesterovic
19. Terry Porter
A two time All-Star with Portland when he arrived in Minnesota in his early 30’s, Terry Porter brought veteran leadership and poise to the T-Wolves when he arrived. While Porter was now coming off of the bench, it was while he was there that Minnesota finally broke through to the playoffs and had a winning season. His locker room presence certainly helped in that regard.
Terry Porter
20. Stephon Marbury
The career of Stephon Marbury (“Starbury”) has been controversial for sure, but it was in Minnesota where he began his NBA career, though we wonder if there are people in the Gopher State who wish he never arrived!
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FROM CLERICAL WORKER TO HIGH-LEVEL EXECUTIVE: VETERAN EMPLOYEE NAMED PORT AUTHORITY BOARD SECRETARY
Twenty-four years after she took her first job out of high school as a clerical worker in the Port Authority’s Engineering Department, Karen E. Eastman has been named Secretary of the bistate agency’s Board of Commissioners – a demanding, high-level position. She will be one of seven corporate officers of the agency.
In her new job, Ms. Eastman – a Jersey City native who lives in Old Bridge, N.J. – is the chief liaison between the Port Authority’s 12-member Board of Commissioners and the bistate agency’s executive staff. She replaces Daniel Bergstein, who was killed in the World Trade Center attacks.
In addition, Ms. Eastman will continue to serve as Special Advisor to Executive Director Joseph J. Seymour.
Port Authority Chairman Jack G. Sinagra said, “Karen is a dedicated, hard-working professional whose extensive knowledge of the agency and its day-to-day activities is an invaluable asset to the Board. She is uniquely qualified for this position.”
Ms. Eastman said, “I am extremely honored to be appointed to this prestigious position at this very critical point in the agency’s history. Our Board now faces the challenging task of making decisions that will affect the redevelopment of Lower Manhattan and the future of the region’s transportation system. I am truly honored that the Board feels that I am the person who can assist them in carrying out this mission.”
Ms. Eastman came to the Port Authority in June 1978 and was employed in the Soils and Foundations Division of the agency’s Engineering Department as a secretary.
In 1979, Ms. Eastman took her first job in the Board Secretary’s Office, and held a variety of positions until 1996, when she was named Assistant Board Secretary. In December 2000, in addition to her Assistant Board Secretary responsibilities, she also assumed the role of Special Advisor to then Executive Director Robert E. Boyle. She continued to serve as Special Advisor to Mr. Boyle’s successor, the late Neil D. Levin, who was killed in the September 11 attacks on the World Trade Center.
Ms. Eastman is married to Eddie Eastman, a PATH employee since 1977, who works in PATH’s Signal Division. The couple has two children.
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JERSEY CITY EIGHTH GRADER WINS PATH’S HOLIDAY POSTER CONTEST
PATH celebrates 25th year of working with Jersey City children on the annual contest
A poster depicting flags of the world on a holiday ornament – created by Jersey City eighth grader Tiffany Fahmy of P.S. 11 – today was named the grand prize winner of PATH’s annual Holiday Poster Contest.
The grand prize winning poster, which will be installed and displayed in PATH stations and on rail cars throughout the holiday season, was unveiled during a ceremony at the Journal Square Transportation Center in Jersey City. In addition to Ms. Fahmy, D’Kyri Kelly of P.S. 11 was named the winner in the grade 3-5 category and Felix Tinio of P.S. 37 in the category for students in grades K-2.
"The dedication and talent exhibited by all the students who participated is simply amazing,” said PATH Director/General Manager Stephen Kingsberry. “This contest not only showcases the PATH system and the importance it plays in the lives of so many of these students’ parents, but also the creative abilities of our students in developing ideas and putting them on paper.”
This year’s event included a musical performance by the Jersey City Arts Brass Ensemble in the concourse area of the Journal Square station.
PATH’s annual holiday poster event, which began 25 years ago, features the artwork of local students from 27 Jersey City primary schools. This year, prizes were awarded in three grade categories: K-2, 3-5, and 6-8.
Each of the winners received four tickets to the “Radio City Christmas Spectacular” and complimentary 10-trip PATH SmartLink cards, provided by the Port Authority, to get the winners and their families to and from the show. The Port Authority also gave the winners $50 American Express Gift cards. The winners also received art supplies from the Jersey City Visual and Performing Arts Department and Jersey City Board of Education.
Through a partnership between PATH and the Jersey City Board of Education’s Visual and Performing Arts and under the guidance of their art teachers, students submitted approximately 500 holiday posters to PATH for judging.
Port Authority of New York and New Jersey
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/pubs/2019handbooks/units/BTF5345.html
Thursday, 17-Jan-2019 07:00:23 AEDT 18 July 2019
BTF5345 - Human rights and global business - 2019
Department of Business Law and Taxation
Ms Ingrid Landau
LAW5345Not offered in 2019
This unit seeks to equip students with the knowledge and skills necessary to understand how business activities and relationships impact upon human rights, and to recognise and engage in an informed and socially responsible manner with human rights issues when working in a business environment.
Businesses dealing in today's global marketplace are expected to understand how their operations and commercial relationships may impact negatively on human rights. They are also expected to account for how they are responding to these risks. But what does this mean in practice? What are human rights and why are they relevant to business? What is the scope of the corporate responsibility to respect human rights? How does a business identify and manage its human rights risks and exposures? This course examines the challenges that face transnational businesses with respect to human rights, and public and private regulatory responses. It explores a diverse range of issues such as labour rights in manufacturing and food supply chains; freedom of expression, privacy and information and communication technology companies; community rights and extractive companies, and the human rights risks for lending in the financial sector.
The unit begins by introducing students to key concepts, debates and actors in the evolving field of business and human rights. It then examines the diverse regulatory mechanisms and initiatives that seek to promote corporate responsibility for adverse impacts on human rights, including national and international law, intergovernmental initiatives, multi-stakeholder initiatives and self-regulation. The unit investigates the nature and limitations of these various approaches through the use of case studies, drawn from a range of different industries and geographical localities. It also seeks to develop students' awareness of some of the practical challenges that business practitioners face when seeking to implement a human rights agenda within an organisational environment. While global in its scope, this unit places a particular emphasis on business and human rights in the Asia-Pacific region.
understand the key concepts and debates in relation to corporate accountability and human rights.
identify and describe key public and private regulatory frameworks and initiatives in this area, how they interact and their strengths and limitations
understand the diversity of regulatory actors that shape the business and human rights agenda
understand the various legal and extra-legal ways in which a remedy for business-related human rights harms is pursued
engage with practical challenges that businesses may face when seeking to act responsibly and in a manner respectful of human rights.
Within semester assessment: 100%
Authorised by: Student and Education Business Services. Maintained by: eSolutions Service Desk. Last updated: 17 January 2019
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Featured Artist: Janis Joplin
If you like your music to include rockin', ballsy, fun, soulful, and unapologetic tunes, then Janis Joplin is the perfect addition to your playlist.
Known as "The Queen of Psychedelic Soul", "Pearl" among friends, Janis Joplin was born in Port Arthur, Texas and rose to fame in the late 60s as the lead singer for Big Brother and the Holding Company.
During the group's breakthrough performance at the Monterey Pop Festival, Joplin wowed the crowd with her cover of Big Mamma Thornton's "Ball and Chain." The performance was featured in the 1968 concert film "Monterey Pop".
The band's debut studio album was release in 1967, shortly after the Monterey Pop Festival. The album spawned hits like "Down on Me" and "Bye Bye Baby."
The band members worked well together on stage, but by 1968 they were being billed as "Janis Joplin and Big Brother and the Holding Company," and the constant media attention Joplin received was creating tensions within the band.
"Cheap Thrills" was released in 1968, and the world got the gifts of great songs like "Piece of My Heart" and "Summertime."
The stress inside Big Brother and the Holding Company didn't diminish with their rise in popularity, and it wasn't long before it was clear that Janis was destined for a solo career. Her last performance with the band, sans a couple reunions in 1970, was on December 1, 1968.
Free of her ball and chain, Joplin quickly formed a new band, Kozmic Blues Band. Although the band's first album didn't have as much commercial success as "Cheap Thrills", several hits like "Try (Just a Little Harder)", "Kozmic Blues", and "Little Girl Blue" were fruits of that labor.
Janis performed at Woodstock on August 16, 1969. Though she had been reluctant at first, once arriving and seeing the large crowd, Joplin became energized and nervous. Although she had struggled early in her life with drugs, it was at the Woodstock concert where Janis started using again.
During the Woodstock performance Joplin, hopped up on heroin, was not at her best. Though the crowd didn't seem to care Janis was disappointed in her performance and insisted it not be used in the documentary film "Woodstock: Music from the Original Soundtrack and More."
After Woodstock, Joplin continued to struggle with drugs. Her performance with Tina Turner at Madison Square Garden was not good, and she stumbled through another band, The Full Tilt Boogie Band.
She hopped aboard the Festival Express Train Tour through Canada in 1970, and her inconsistent performances while on tour were attributed to her heroin and alcohol use.
She produced some solid performances on Festival Express with songs like "Tell Mamma" and "Get It While You Can", but other times she would go on long bouts of incoherent tangents.
During late August, September and early October 1970, Joplin and her band rehearsed and recorded a new album, but Joplin would die before the album's release.
Joplin died at the age of 27 of a heroin overdose on Oct. 4, 1970.
The album "Pearl" was released in 1971 and became Joplin's greatest selling album of her career, producing hits like "Me and Bobby McGee", "Mercedes Benz", and "Move Over."
Written by Kris Kristoferson, "Me and Bobby McGee" is Joplin's biggest hit single.
Since then, Rolling Stone has ranked Janis number 46 on its list of the 100 Greatest Artists of All Time in 2004, number 28 on its 2008 list of 100 Greatest Singers of All Time, and she was inducted into the Rock-n-Roll Hall of Fame in 1995.
Although her life was short-lived, Janis Joplin was a kick-ass blues rocker with spunk, passion, and an irreverent presence that was contagious. She gave electrifying performances and left everything on the stage. If you don't have this Pearl in your music collection, you're missing something truly special.
Janis Must Haves
GET JANIS
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Museums, Galleries, Exhibition Halls
Famous people museums
The Tchaikovsky and Moscow Museum
I. Tchaikovsky Museum is located in the building where the then 32-year-old composer lived one year in a rented apartment.
Today, this building is the I. Tchaikovsky Cultural Centre that regularly hosts concerts, lectures and exhibitions.
The Museum’s rooms and interior design are wonderfully evocative of a late 19th-century Moscow household.
Among the exhibits on display are Tchaikovsky’s personal effects, mostly sheet music, literary manuscripts, photographs and letters.
All information in the Museum is in Russian only.
History of the museum
Excursions, concerts and exhibitions
The Tchaikovsky and Moscow MuseumRussian: Muzey «P. I. Chaykovskiy i Moskva» or Музей «П. И. Чайковский и Москва» is located in the Cultural CentreRussian: Kulturnyi tsentr or Культурный центр, and is devoted to this outstanding Russian composer. Although 32-year-old Pyotr Ilyich rented an apartment here for approximately a year, this museum is dedicated to the creative work and musical contributions which span his entire lifetime. This building in the historic centre of Moscow is the perfect spot for a museum of this kind. The rooms and interiors accurately convey the lifestyle of 19th-century Moscow, and Tchaikovsky’s personal effects recreate the atmosphere of his inspired artistry. The museum building is considered Moscow sights.
A memorial plaque devoted to Pyotr Tchaikovsky has been on this building for many decades. Today, the Tchaikovsky Cultural Centre and, the museum which opened in May of 2007 organizes excursions, themes-based events and concerts.
This is Pyotr Tchaikovsky’s only surviving address in Moscow. While residing in Moscow, he did not have his own place and had to live in rented accommodation. Once, this place was the village of KudrinoRussian: selo Kudrino or село Кудрино, which eventually became assimilated into Moscow as the city grew. The outbuilding where Tchaikovsky lived was located on the premises of a country estate which had almost completely burned down during the French invasion of Russia in 1812. Tchaikovsky lived on the second floor of the house, which was then owned by Major General and Senator A. Kazakov.
A petroleum products shop was located in the building of the Cultural Centre from the 1920s to the 1960s. At the end of the 20th century, two outbuildings were joined after this reconstruction and became the Tchaikovsky Cultural CentreRussian: Kulturnyi tsentr P. I. Chaykovskogo or Культурный центр П. И. Чайковского. There is currently an ongoing project which aims to recreate the old country estate in the immediate vicinity of the original location in order to make it look as close as possible to what it would have looked like during the height of Tchaikovsky’s career.
Having moved from St. Petersburg to Moscow to work as a professor at the conservatory, Tchaikovsky was going through a period of serious financial and moral hardship. Moscow’s ambiance, new friends and new experiences did him a lot of good. “If Life had not brought me to Moscow where I spent over 12 years,” Tchaikovsky remembered years later, “I would never have done what I did”. It is in his apartment on Kudrinskaya SquareRussian: Kudrinskaya ploschad or Кудринская площадь that Tchaikovsky worked on his Second Symphony, the symphonic fantasy The TempestRussian: Burya or Буря and musical numbers for The SnowmaidenRussian: Snegurochka or Снегурочка, a play by Alexander Ostrovskya Russian playwright, generally considered the greatest representative of the Russian realistic period. In short, Tchaikovsky made a fruitful and successful start in his career and his life once he moved to Moscow.
This small but intimate museum is designed in the late 19th-century style. The nine rooms feature interiors of the period, complete with paintings, musical instruments and other knick knacks which were in fashion among the Muscovites at that time. Exhibits include Tchaikovsky’s personal effects, including musical scores, manuscripts, photographs, letters and other documents of historical significance, along with some items which belonged to his family and friends. Over 50 of Tchaikovsky’s rare autographs are also on display here.
Various events held at the museum also attract visitors. Continuous sound recordings create a special atmosphere in the rooms, and the staff are obliging and often stage interactive performances for visitors. For example, they have exciting adventure games, role plays and mini concerts for children of all ages. The concert hall hosts performances by renowned musicians from all over the world, while the design of the sound and exhibit spaces further contributes to the special atmosphere. The museum has a 60-seat music lounge and an exhibition hall which can hold up to 120 guests.
Music concerts, festivals, exhibitions and meet-the-artist sessions are held here regularly, along with museum activities for kids, master classes and celebrations in unusual formats. Original theme-based exhibitions drawing upon exhibits from other museums are also traditional here, so it is best to visit more than once – you are sure to find something different here each time. This museum is also a great place to visit by yourself or to come with your family and friends. You can even have your birthday party here, steeped in the musical and intellectual atmosphere of imperial Russia which so attracts visitors today.
Tags: moscow museums
Vera Kruglova
Between Garden Ring and Third Ring Road
Nearest Metro Station
Barrikadnaya
46/54 Kudrinskaya Square, Moscow
http://glinka.museum/contacts/muzey-p-i-chaykovskiy-i-moskva-.php
Museum Opening Hours / Ticket Office Opening Hours
We *: 11 a.m. - 7 p.m.
Th: 12 p.m. - 9 p.m.
Fr: 12 p.m. - 9 p.m.
Sa: 11 a.m. - 7 p.m.
Su: 11 a.m. - 6 p.m.
* - Except last Wednesday of the month
Monday, Tuesday, last Wednesday of the month
From 200 to 1200 rubles depending on visitor category and programme of visits.
Photography and video filming are included in the ticket price.
Visiting Rules
There is an audio guide in Russian and in English.
Sergey Korolyov House Museum
Boris Pasternak House Museum in Peredelkino
Andrey Bely Memorial Apartment
Sergei Prokofiev Museum
For a long time only a marble plaque, announcing that Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky lived here was on this house at noisy Kudrinskaya square. I kept waiting, when a museum of the great Russian composer would be here. And, finally, in 2007 it happened. It's very cozy small museum. Here the Second Symphony was written.
It's a nice museum full of ambiance, that plunges in the musical atmosphere from the very beginning. The museum staff enjoyed playing the piano. I had a pleasant impression after the visit.
The guide tells about the composer with such love that you instantly embrace his personality. I read much about Tchaikovsky and his music, but I did not know that his mother was French. There are lots of photos in the museum, the furnishings of the house recreate the atmosphere in which our genius lived.
Nikolai Gogol House
Leo Tolstoy Estate Museum in Khamovniki
Mikhail Bulgakov's House Museum Theatre
Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko Apartment Museum
Fyodor Dostoevsky Apartment Museum
Alexander Pushkin Apartment Museum
Anton Chekhov House Museum
Mikhail Bulgakov Museum
Yesenin Museum
Tchaikovsky House-Museum in Klin
Konstantin Stanislavsky House Museum
Burganov House
Alexander Herzen House Museum
Ilya Glazunov Art Gallery
Sergey Konenkov Museum Workshop
Alexey Tolstoy Apartment Museum
Melikhovo Estate Museum
Ostrovsky House Museum
Maxim Gorky Apartment Museum
Nicholas Roerich Museum
LERMONTOV HOUSE MUSEUM
Vasnetsov House Museum
Leo Tolstoy House Museum in Prechistenka
Lenin’s Mausoleum
Alexander Scriabin Museum
Interesting places nearby
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MSC CRUISES RESPECTS THE WORLD'S OCEANS
A television station in Brazil released a story about a MSC Cruises’ crew member throwing waste bags into the sea off the coast of Brazil. The story is based on a passenger's account. A video captured the waste bags dumped at sea.
MSC Cruises takes this claim very seriously and is conducting a full investigation into the issue. Should any responsibility be confirmed, the company will take all necessary action to avoid similar incidents in the future.
MSC Cruises has great respect for the world’s oceans and has always worked hard to minimise its ecological footprint, finding innovative ways of lowering the environmental impact of its cruises through the use of modern technologies, environmentally friendly materials and strict procedures.
The MSC Cruises fleet is equipped with waste incinerators, pulpers, grinders and compactors for the processing of waste. Use of such equipment makes it possible to reduce shipboard space for storing rubbish, making it easier to offload waste to shore facilities and recycle recyclable items into special collectors for enhanced biodegradability.
On board MSC Cruises’ ships the vast majority of waste suitable for recycling, such as plastics, glass, aluminium and exhaust oil produced in the kitchen is processed so that it takes up as little space as possible. Up to 95% of the waste produced is carefully separated and available for recycling.
Hazardous waste, such as batteries and light bulbs, are stored in sealed anti-contamination containers before being sent to recycling facilities. Incinerated material is disposed of in advanced filtered incinerators at sea.
Other types of rubbish are delivered in plastic bags to port facilities authorized for waste disposal.
All waste processes are recorded in a Waste Record Book and its offloading is certified by a MARPOL receipt.
Each ship in the MSC fleet has an environmental officer responsible for all environmental issues on board. This includes the monitoring of up-to-date recycling and waste disposal procedures to ensure the implementation of the highest possible technological standards for sewage treatment and disposal. The environmental officer also ensures the careful, frugal use of resources, such as water and energy and is responsible for the training of crew members dealing with recycling procedures as well as the handling, collection, sorting and disposal of waste.
The company’s commitment to safeguarding the marine ecosystem has earned numerous awards and certifications. In 2013, the international certification body Bureau Veritas granted MSC Cruises the honour of being the first company to receive ‘7 Golden Pearls’ for environmental care for its Fantasia class ships. This unique award comprises “Cleanship 2” class notation for advanced air, water and waste treatment systems, as well as new ISO 50001 certification for the highest standards of Energy Performance, ISO 14001 certification for environmental management, ISO 22000 for food safety and OHSAS 18001 for occupational health and safety.
oceansrespectbrazil
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Amy Winehouse Posthumous Album Due In December
Amy Winehouse Lioness: Hidden Treasures will feature previously unreleased tracks.
Gil Kaufman 10/31/2011
The world will finally get to hear the music Amy Winehouse was working on before her unexpected death earlier this year. According to a press release from her English label, a posthumous collection of unheard studio tracks, Lioness: Hidden Treasures, will be released on December 5.
The 12 tracks on the disc were put together by Winehouse's longtime collaborators, producers Mark Ronson and Salaam Remi, and will include songs she recorded before, during and after the releases of her two studio albums, 2003's Frank and her smash 2006 breakthrough Back to Black. "It was said by all who worked with Amy that she never sang or played a song the same way twice," read the release announcing the disc. "It quickly became apparent to Salaam and Mark that they had a collection of songs that deserved to be heard, a collection of songs that were a fitting testament to Amy the artist and, as importantly, Amy their friend."
The disc is a "chronicle of her musical development" and will feature alternate takes of previously released songs, including a demo version of "Wake Up Alone" and mellower takes of "Tears Dry on Their Own" and "Valerie," as well as her recently released Tony Bennett duet, "Body & Soul."
It will also have a number of covers, such as the Shirelles' "Will You Still Love Me Tomorrow," Donny Hathaway's "A Song for You" (with just Amy and her guitar, recorded at her London home in the spring of 2009 in the midst of the singer's struggles with drugs and alcohol) and a 2002 reggae version of the classic '60s doo-wop song by Ruby & the Romantics "Our Day Will Come."
Winehouse died in July at age 27 as a result of excessive alcohol intake.
"I spent so much time chasing after Amy, telling her off, that I never realized what a true genius she was," her father, Mitch Winehouse, said. "It wasn't until I sat down with the rest of the family and listened to this album that I fully appreciated the breadth of Amy's talent, from jazz standards to hip-hop songs, it really took my breath away."
Among the unreleased songs are "Halftime" and "The Girl From Ipanema," which were cut during sessions for Winehouse's debut, Frank. The standard "Ipanema," in fact, was the first song an 18-year-old Winehouse sang when she flew to Miami to record with Remi, who said in the release that Amy's reinterpretation of the bossa nova classic made him realize that, "I was dealing with a very special talent. Her approach to the song was so young and fresh, it really inspired the rest of our sessions."
Mitch Winehouse said he'd never heard the "incredibly beautiful" song "Halftime" before, but that if the family "had felt that this album wasn't up to the standard of Frank and Back to Black, we would never have agreed to release it and we believe it will stand as a fitting tribute to Amy's musical legacy."
One of the most recent tracks is a duet with Amy's hip-hop pal Nas titled "Like Smoke," which was recorded in May 2008. Another unheard song, "Between the Cheats," is reportedly a take on Winehouse's troubled marriage to ex-husband Blake Fielder-Civil, recorded in May 2008 for possible inclusion on her third album. Fans will also hear "Best Friends," a Remi-produced track from 2003 that used to serve as Amy's live show opener.
Winehouse had been working on her follow-up to Black for two years before her death, but it is unknown if the upcoming release represents the totality of the music she recorded during that period, of if there could be another collection in the offing sometime in the future.
Some of the proceeds from the sales of the album will go to the Amy Winehouse Foundation, a charity set up by the singer's family to fight addiction.
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Hurricane Sandy: Determination That a Public Health Emergency Exists
Missouri Tornadoes: Determination That a Public Health Emergency Exists
Flooding in North Dakota: Determination That a Public Health Emergency Exists
2009 H1N1 Flu Outbreak: Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists
Avian Influenza A (H7N9) Virus
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV)
Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists in Puerto Rico as a Consequence of the Zika Virus Outbreak
Renewal of Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists
Nerve Agent or Certain Insecticide (Organophosphorus and/or Carbamate) Poisoning
Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists in Texas as the Result of Hurricane Harvey
Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists in Louisiana as the Result of Hurricane HarveyCurrently selected
Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists in Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands as the Result of Hurricane Irma
Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists in Florida as the Result of Hurricane Irma
Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists in Georgia as the Result of Hurricane Irma
Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists in South Carolina as the Result of Hurricane Irma
Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists
PHE Home > Emergency > News & Multimedia > Public Health Actions > PHE > Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists in Louisiana as the Result of Hurricane Harvey
Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists in Louisiana as the Result of Hurricane Harvey
As a result of the consequences of Tropical Storm Harvey on the State of Louisiana, on this date and after consultation with public health officials as necessary, I, Thomas E. Price, M.D., Secretary of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, pursuant to the authority vested in me under section 319 of the Public Health Service Act, do hereby determine that a public health emergency exists and has existed since August 27, 2017 in the State of Louisiana.
/s/
Thomas E. Price, M.D.
More Emergency and Response Information
Declarations of a Public Health Emergency
Section 1135 Waivers
Emergency Use Authorization
This page last reviewed: August 30, 2017
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Iddo Landau
Mistakes About the Meaning of Life
Iddo Landau explains how to avoid them
To my surprise, most of the people with whom I have talked about the meaning of life have told me that they did not think that their lives were meaningful enough. Many even presented their lives as outright meaningless. But I have often found the reasons my interlocutors gave for their views problematic. Many, I thought, did not pose relevant questions that might have changed their views, or take the actions that might have improved their condition. (Some of them, after our discussions, agreed with me.) Most of the people who complained about life's meaninglessness even found it difficult to explain what they took the notion to mean.
I will begin by briefly clarifying the notion of the meaning of life, and then point at a few of the many mistakes that, in my experience, people who take their lives to be insufficiently meaningful often make. This, I hope, may help some people realise how to make their lives more meaningful, and others to stop believing with no good reason that their lives are meaningless.
In common speech, “meaning” is used in two main ways. One has to do with notions such as interpretation, clarification, and comprehension, as in “the meaning of a red light is ‘stop’”. The other has to do with notions such as value, worth, or importance, as in “the conversation we had yesterday was very meaningful to me”. Following contemporary discussions by, among others, John Cottingham, Thaddeus Metz, and Susan Wolf, I think that in discussions of the meaning of life, “meaning” is used mostly in the second sense.
Consider some examples: the existentialist psychologist Viktor Frankl recounts in his Man in Search of Meaning how, while he was a prisoner in Nazi concentration camps in World War II, he noted that some of his fellow inmates kept their sense of meaning while others did not. Those who kept their sense of meaning did so by maintaining some areas of worth in their lives. Frankl himself, for instance, intended to write a book after he was freed, a book, informed by his experiences in the camps, about meaningfulness and how it can contribute to treating many seemingly unrelated psychological problems. This project was of value to him and helped him maintain meaning in his life, and survive, while he was in the camps. What gave meaning to the lives of some of the other inmates was the importance of the prospect of seeing their families again after the war and caring for them. Yet others maintained their sense of worth by helping other inmates. Those who did not retain their sense of meaning, on the other hand, were those for whom nothing remained of sufficient worth or value. Meaning of life, then, has to do with worth, or value.
Likewise, in his semi-autobiographical My Confession, Tolstoy recounts how, at a certain point in his life, he went through a crisis of meaninglessness. He tells how he found himself asking questions about hitherto valued, central aspects of his life, questions such as “so what?” or “what of it?”. For instance, he considered the fact that he was a great writer, perhaps the best Russian one and one of the greatest in the world. But then, he recounts, he asked himself: “so what?”. Likewise, he thought of his prosperous, thriving estate. But then the question crept in: “what of it?”. Similarly, he had a large, happy family whose members were healthy. But again the question arose: “so what?”. Before he started sensing his life as meaningless, the value in being a great writer, having a healthy family, etc. was quite clear to him. He would only come to see his life as meaningful again once he was able to return to seeing these, or other, aspects of his life as valuable. Again, meaning of life has to do with worth or value.
The examples above are taken from the writings of luminaries, but discussions I have had with laypersons who have told me that they stopped seeing life as meaningful also suggest that meaningfulness is based on value. For example, I talked with parents who told me that ever since they lost their child in a car accident, they had found it hard to see life as meaningful. There was something very valuable in their lives, and when this was gone, they experienced life as meaningless. They would see life as meaningful again only if they found other things that they took to be of sufficiently high value.
Another person told me that she found life meaningless because she had not succeeded in becoming a central figure in her academic field. Again, for her (at that time), the main or only issue of worth was excellence in her career. Since she was blind to other issues that could be of worth in her life, she felt that her life was meaningless when she did not achieve the only thing in life she considered at the time to be valuable. Sometimes people who think that their lives are meaningless describe them as empty, but find it hard to explain what their lives are empty of. The reply is that they take their lives to be empty of sufficient value.
We can also see the close relation between meaningfulness and value if we consider common pessimistic arguments for the meaninglessness of life. One frequently heard such argument (which also appears in the philosophical literature) points to our eventual death and annihilation. As Thomas Nagel, among others, notes (although he does not accept the argument), some years or centuries after we die, no one will remember us or what we did. In a million years, the world will be exactly as it would have been had we not done what we did; moreover, it will even be exactly as it would have been had we never existed at all. Some cite this as a reason for holding that life is meaningless. But the supposition behind this argument (a problematic supposition, in my view) is that what we do in life cannot be valuable enough unless it persists for eternity.
Another famous argument claims that when considered in the context of the whole universe, our life emerges as meaningless. Perhaps we do have some effect on our immediate environment, such as our family, friends, and workplace. But we have no effect on almost all other parts of the vast, gigantic universe. We live in a corner of a negligible solar system in a negligible galaxy. The ratio between our whole galaxy and the cosmos at large is smaller than the ratio between a speck of dust in this room and the whole country. Our insufficient effect on almost the whole of the universe, the argument goes, makes our life meaningless. But this argument, too (again, a problematic argument, in my view), suggests that our life is meaningless because, when seen in the right context, and whatever we do in life emerges as being of insufficient value.
The same is true of the other arguments for the meaninglessness of life. The argument from the paradox of the end, for example, points out that after attaining a goal for which we have worked hard, we often feel, surprisingly, that the goal is not of much worth. Paradoxically, being on the way towards the goal was better than attaining it. But if the goal is actually unworthy, the means to achieve it, that is, the way towards it, also becomes unworthy. Again, meaningfulness has to do with worth or value.
This also holds true for other arguments for the meaninglessness of life. I believe that there are good replies to all of them, but wish to focus in the present context only on the point that the meaning of life is based on worth or value. Indeed, I suggest that when people complain that their lives are meaningless, they are complaining that there is not sufficient value in their lives. People who ask what the meaning of life is are asking what can be of sufficient value in life. A meaningful life is one in which there is a sufficient number of aspects of sufficient value, and a meaningless life is one in which there is not a sufficient number of aspects of sufficient value.
Noting this close relationship between meaningfulness and value is important, since it allows us to draw many implications that can be helpful for people who consider their lives insufficiently meaningful.
One implication is that people's views about the meaninglessness of their lives – even when they are strongly held – may be mistaken. We know that in other aspects of value, people often do make mistakes. Some wrongly take themselves to be bad parents, and others wrongly take themselves to be good ones. Some take themselves to be worse spouses, or better spouses, than they really are. Some people unjustifiably believe that the art they produce is not so good, and others unjustifiably believe that their art is excellent. Many, likewise, underrate or overrate their sense of humour, knowledge, or ability to play the violin. We also see this in all other spheres of value. And if this is so for all spheres of value, it is likely to be so as well for the meaning of life.
Surprisingly, many people who take their lives to be insufficiently meaningful are absolutely certain that this is the case; they are convinced that their impressions about the meaning of their life must be precise and reliable. However, seeing that meaningfulness is based on value suggests that in this sphere of value, just as in the others, we cannot just “know” for certain that our life is or is not meaningful. As in other spheres of value, so in this one, we need to inquire and learn about the issue, double-check our standards, examine implicit suppositions that might affect our views, consider arguments for and against our opinions, learn from the experience of others, and consult with people. People who take their lives to be meaningless (just like people who take their lives to be meaningful) may well be wrong.
Another implication is that the degree of meaning in life can be increased or decreased. Some people who, for good or bad reasons, take their lives to be insufficiently meaningful treat this condition as a constant, as if it were a given that could not be changed. But we see in other spheres of value that degrees of value can and often do change. Sometimes, with time, they even just change by themselves. But very often we can also alter them. For example, by opting for various actions, I can become a more moral or a less moral person than I am now. I can also affect the degree to which I am exposed to, and thus am affected by, natural or artistic beauty. I can ruin or build friendships, upgrade or downgrade my health, and practice or neglect my German. It would be surprising if in this particular sphere of value, the meaning of life, things were different from how they are in all the other spheres.
Noting that meaning in life is based on value also directs us to what we should do in order to increase meaningfulness in our lives: we should enhance what we take to be valuable in our lives. We can either import new aspects of value into our lives; augment already existing aspects of value; or de-trivialise and re-sensitise ourselves to existing value that, through familiarity and habit, we have stopped noticing. Many people, including those who take their lives to be insufficiently meaningful, dedicate more time and effort in one evening to considering which film to go to than they do in their whole lifetime to considering what would make their lives more meaningful.
The last implication I have the space to discuss here relates to uniqueness. Many people believe that in order to be meaningful, their life has to be unique. However, in most spheres of value, uniqueness is not important. Admittedly, it is important in a few spheres: for example, in creative art, value depends (among other things) on originality; just repeating what other artists have already created is not considered to be of value. Originality, in turn, presupposes uniqueness, at least at the time the artwork is presented. Similarly, scientific and scholarly achievement is valued (among other things) for its originality and innovation. Just repeating someone else's findings does not carry much worth. And that too means, of course, that at the time the scientific findings are first presented, they have to be unique.
However, in many other spheres of value – indeed, in most of them – uniqueness is not important. A person I know volunteered for several months in an immunisation project in Africa. What he did was not unique; it was quite similar to what other volunteers did. The value in his activity did not have to do with its uniqueness but, rather, with his help in preventing disability and death and alleviating suffering. Likewise, what makes the love between a parent and a baby valuable is not its difference from all other love between other parents and babies; the value is in the warmth and emotional closeness. This value is not decreased if other people, too, enjoy a very similar connection. This holds true also of aesthetic or mystical experiences. What one goes through in such experiences may well be quite similar to what others go through when they have their own such experiences. It is not the specific differences between one's own and others' aesthetic or mystical experiences that make these experiences valuable. Uniqueness is not important here. This is also true of the worth of honesty, joy, responsibility, health, curiosity, and most other spheres of value. The insistence on uniqueness, then, is yet another mistake about the meaning of life. This mistake, like the earlier ones mentioned above and many others which I do not have here the space to discuss, leads some people to unnecessarily see their lives as insufficiently meaningful and to miss ways of enhancing meaning in life.
Iddo Landau teaches philosophy at the University of Haifa, Israel. This essay is adapted from his new book, Finding Meaning in an Imperfect World, just published by Oxford University Press.
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Mistress America (2015)
|In Blog, Film Reviews, Film Forum, On Movies & Media
Writer and director Noah Baumbach is often compared to Woody Allen, and it’s easy to see why, considering how often his comedies get cynical about adult relationships. But now he’s earning that comparison in the most impressive way yet — he’s tapping into some of his most imaginative work, and his most original writing, heading into his second decade as a director.
Baumbach started with 1995’s Kicking and Screaming — a winning blend of humor and hope. Its characters, a bunch of funny but fumbling college graduates, captured a common phenomenon: the post-college slump, during which young adults realize that avenues of freedom, exploration, and possibility can quickly narrow into the routines and pressures that have always seemed so far off in the future.
Since then, Baumbach has improved as a director of actors, but his screenwriting record has had both highs and lows. He has given us imaginative whimsy (co-writing both The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou and The Fantastic Mr. Fox with Wes Anderson), awkward family portraits (The Squid and the Whale), and ugly cynicism (Margot at the Wedding). But something happened after the bitterly bleak Greenberg. And that something was Greta Gerwig. Their collaboration kindled a new spirit of hope and humor, brought out what many (myself included) consider Baumbach’s best: 2013’s Frances Ha. And some could not help but notice that this was a return to the themes of that first and most high-spirited of his films.
Less than two years later, he has two more well-received films: While We’re Young and Mistress America — both of which tap into anxieties about finding a rich and meaningful life in college and post-college.
Mistress America is the stronger of the two, and it’s now available on a variety of streaming platforms for a larger audience to discover, and here’s hoping that they do. It isn’t as perfectly concentrated and cohesive as Frances Ha; nor is its colorfully flashy style as vital to its ebullience as its predecessor’s black and white (Gerwig seems to flare up in full color when performing in gray-scaled scenes). But it is frequently laugh-out-loud funny, and I suspect that a lot of viewers will find it easier to connect with and care about its characters.
After all, most of us know what it’s like to want to be a part of things. College. Parties. Cliques. Communities. The People Who Have Made It. The People Who Know How. But for many of us, if we have to ask how to be a part of it, then we’re probably not ever going to be a part of it — at least, not without a struggle — and we’re definitely not invited.
Unless. Unless we find the good graces of a mentor.
Maybe you can think of people who have given you those invitations to ways of living in the world that would otherwise have escaped you. Me — my world, growing up, was all about family. We did not engage outside of family much at all, except with a very small circle of people at church — “good Christians,” people who were very like us anyway. And while I’m grateful to have grown up surrounded by so much love and care, that lack of socializing with other kinds of people made me deeply insecure in school.
I wanted to be part of my dad’s world: the world of high school teachers and students, all of whom seemed to respect him. It seemed like magic, how he moved through the school with authority and expertise. Among his colleagues, I came to know teachers who inspired me follow in their footsteps. I also wanted to be a writer, and I absorbed how to do that from certain writers who graciously taught me to seek rigorous criticism. But being cool and popular? I responded to my Social Outcast status with a defense mechanism: cynicism and self-righteousness. I avoided “the Popular Crowd.” Later, coerced to join the Student Council, I was required to plan parties and activities, and lo and behold, a couple of upper-classmen decided that my ideas were good enough to earn me some training in “cool.” I’m not sure I learned much from them, and I cringe to think about how much their approval meant to me, but that was the late beginning of my difficult education in becoming a social animal.
Why am I writing all of this down? Because that’s my connection point with Tracy (Lola Kirke), the young traveler on a quest for identity and acceptance in Mistress America. I get Tracy’s tenuous point of insecurity and self-preservational cynicism. I feel her pain all the way through. And yet I know that if she finds the necessary codes, she’ll be in for a whole different kind of trouble.
Tracy’s at a college where almost everybody else knows the pass-codes for how to be part of the circus, but she can’t find them. So she does what has led a lot of social outcasts to become great writers — she observes and takes things down. She exploits those that she cannot become. Right away, she aims to join an apparently prestigious Moebius Literary Society — so sophisticated, in fact, that their initiation rites involve awakening each new recruit with a pie-in-the-face wake-up. Her first failures prompt comments like “I wanted to be one of them.”
Tracy’s search for identity makes sense: Her family unit was supposed to give her a sense of being grounded… but that has failed her. Will she find meaning in a club? In a relationship?
On the phone with her recently divorced and soon to be re-married mom, she says, “You know the feeling of being at a party where you don’t know anybody? It’s like that… the whole time.” Her mom encourages her to call Brooke, her stepsister-to-be. “I hear she’s fun.”
Of course, Tracy finds Brooke (Greta Gerwig) in the heart of it, already a part of it — New York, New York: the world of flash, dazzle, and everything all of the time.
We first see Brooke awkwardly descending some stairs with the glee of someone who just won the whole city in the lottery, and whose sense of ownership is way ahead of her ability to navigate it. “Tracy!” she cries, throwing her arms wide as if this is a long overdue reunion between best friends instead of a first meeting of an unknown sibling-to-be. Brooke lives her life like it’s improv — she says “Yes, and” to everything.
And so does the movie. Mistress America moves with a vitality that makes moviegoers justified in recalling it as a high-spirited musical.
Brooke has modes as distinct as Instagram filters. She tends to start out in a sort of Manic Pixie Dreamgirl mode, where everything is exclaimed, unpredictable, and joyful in a way that charms us against our best efforts to resist. (She’s 30 going on 21, spontaneous, and would probably prefer to be called “whimsical” than “flighty.”) The problem is that when you move at the speed she does, you can’t settle into anything, and any attempt at a substantial, lasting relationship gets left in her dust before she even recognizes that the opportunity was there. She wants to belong to everything and ends up belonging to very little… except to the grace of those who accept her boisterous, blustery temperament. As she was born in the ‘70s, it’s a wonder that she wasn’t named something like Zephyr.
But the central conflict of the movie will be one of those things that you might have seen coming. In fact, it’s right there in those names: Brooke is a rapid, agile stream of consciousness and Tracy is tracing her path. Brooke is happy to assume she has an apprentice, but what she has is something of a biographer in disguise. Actually it’s worse than that — Tracy isn’t bringing Brooke to life on the page; she’s stealing her life for the sake of a good story.
As in the movie Margaret, we get clues from what’s read in a lit course about the nature of our main characters. One student makes this observation about Antigone: She “thinks that she’s above the law, but she’s not. Like… a celebrity in a car crash.” Brooke doesn’t think she’s above the law, necessarily — but she does seem to live on the run, skirting the edges of the truth about herself. And the truth is that she — like Gerwig’s Frances — is frantic to avoid a black hole of self-knowledge, the reality that her impulsiveness and spontaneity have kept her from putting down deep roots in anything that will sustain her. Her peers have found vocations, financial success, relationships, but she is too fidgety to commit.
Brooke and Tracy’s master-and-apprentice chemistry is amusing because we catch on early that Tracy is smarter, more observant, and destined for disillusionment about her flamboyant guide. But Baumbach has something more complicated in mind — Tracy’s going to make mistakes as big, or bigger, than Brooke’s. Brooke, being spontaneous, will stumble; but Tracy, being wise, will cause lasting damage. No, not even writers can live “above the law.”
I came to Mistress America fully expecting to finally run out of patience for Greta Gerwig’s Greta Gerwigness, but no — I enjoyed her company once again, and wanted to see her find some love and appreciation. Gerwig is enjoying a run as winningly nutty as Diane Keaton’s early performances, and she’s doing it without depending on romantic chemistry with male leads. Fortunately for moviegoers, Lola Kirke has a quiet strength that keeps her irrepressible co-star from completely stealing the show; I hope this is a breakout big-screen role for her.
I see myself in both of them, and I’m sure many moviegoers will as well. In Tracy, I see a worrying mirror of my young-adult self, craving acceptance to the point that I was learning the wrong lessons. In Brooke, I see my own desire to be creative, imaginative, and authentic without selling out for the pursuit of material success. Neither character is likely to ever feel embraced by the success-driven society around them, but the movie asks us to consider if that embrace is worth the cost of integrity and conscience.
The movie’s a joy, and maybe the only 2015 comedy for adults that manages to be both smart and hilarious. See it.
Or… ask for a second opinion.
David Ehrlich at TimeOut writes:
Like Frances Ha on Adderall, Mistress America finds Baumbach working with a manic screwball energy that has more in common with Preston Sturges or Howard Hawks than it does any of his previous films. … A giddy treatise against the need for outside validation, Mistress America nimbly vivisects how we define ourselves in an age when Twitter allows people to broadcast their achievements so widely that every cell phone doubles as an EKG machine for our self-worth.
Last January, Alissa Wilkinson wrote about it in her Sundance diary published at Christianity Today:
I think the film can read as a fluffy screwball comedy, and at the Q&A after the film Baumbach said he had in mind the ’30s and ’40s Howard Hawks screwball comedies. … But the other connection interested me more: Baumbach mentioned the genre of film from the ’80s and ’90s that I think of as the more lighthearted heirs to Brideshead Revisited: working-class person gets introduced into bourgeois society, falls in love with the whole aura of it, and then learns some tricky lessons. … Because it’s an heir to Brideshead, I start thinking about the spiritual dilemma at the core of that story — who are you really in love with? and is that love actually for something beyond humans and human things? — and so a little of what Mistress America does is tap into the aching longing everyone has for life to just work, for things to be beautiful and full of love and home. And since it couches it in a very, very funny movie, I’m already looking forward to watching it again.
Aren Bergstrom at 3 Brothers Film says it’s
Baumbach’s best film by far, a delightful screwball comedy that analyzes the same artists and hipster intellectuals that Baumbach usually explores, but that does so with an overwhelmingly optimistic energy that erases any of his usual bitterness. Simply put, Mistress America is a blast.
Germain Lussler at Slashfilm writes:
Mistress America is by far Baumbach’s funniest film, anchored by a completely new sort of performance from Gerwig, and blessed with a script so smart and sharp, many of the film’s jokes don’t land for a few seconds because A) you’ve never heard anyone say anything like that and B) it’s just so damn intelligent.
Ambition book giveaway
A rabbit's gospel
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The pitfalls of North Korea’s summitry spectacle
Khang Vu
It is easy to mistake process for progress in talking to North Korea.
Published 11 Jul 2019 06:00 0 Comments
Follow @KhangXVu
The third meeting between US President Donald Trump and North Korea Chairman Kim Jong-un has come and gone, again without much substantial progress, but its symbolism has continued to dominate Korea watchers’ assessments of the event.
Trump last month became the first sitting US president to set foot on North Korea, and Kim once more crossed the military demarcation line to have a semi-impromptu summit with Trump at South Korea’s Freedom House. The episode resembled the first Moon-Kim summit last year, as Kim invited Moon to stand on the northern side of the demarcation line before heading to South Korea with Moon for a day of talks.
Pending the evaluation of real progress made at the third Trump-Kim summit, Kim’s use of summitry spectacle, creating many firsts and photogenic moments for international media as well as his own domestic audience to capture, is a wise strategy to adopt in the context of negotiation deadlock over the fundamentals. Since it is easy to mistake process for progress in talking to North Korea, it is also straightforward that spectacle can divert public attention away from the core issues – the definition of denuclearisation, the scope of sanctions relief, and the scale of North Korea’s nuclear program.
Kim Jong-un and Donald Trump in a “social dinner” at the Metropole hotel in Hanoi (Photo: White House/Flickr)
A common theme in Kim’s summits with Moon and Trump is the frequent, if not excessive, use of the word “historic”, which Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines as “having great and lasting importance”. Kim’s interactions with Moon and Trump always make history, whether that was to be the first North Korean leader to cross over to the South Korean side of the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ), to have a dinner in Hanoi with Trump, to have a surprise summit with Moon in the DMZ in May 2018, or so on. North Korea Central News Agency (KCNA) described the DMZ summit as historic, the same way it did with Kim’s other summits with Trump and Moon. Such a characterisation works well to attract worldwide attention, as the common audience tends to focus on public display of spectacle rather than secret negotiations behind closed doors.
To be fair, these moves are indeed significant given their great meanings. However, to be counted as historic, such meetings also need to bring about long-term end results, which in this context indicate a clear roadmap towards denuclearisation.
Since Kim’s goal is not to give up his nuclear arsenal but to win international recognition of North Korea as a nuclear-armed state, Kim has no concern to meet the latter part of the “historic” definition. He has exploited the word to keep Moon and Trump invested into the process without having to deliver tangible results. Kim’s strategy has so far paid off, as his popularity has increased in both North and South Korea since the beginning of the Korean détente.
Moon Jae-in and Kim Jong-un in April, 2018 (Photo via Getty Images)
Kim’s strategy fits with Trump’s attention-seeking penchant, as the President cares more about photos than real progress. Even though the Hanoi summit collapsed, Kim still managed to stay on Trump’s good side by excluding him from his criticism of the US negotiation stance. Kim’s use of “love letters” enhances the “historic” aspect of the Trump-Kim relations, and his move to invite Trump over to North Korea, satisfies the President’s need for media spectacle. What is dangerous about Trump’s reactions is that he seems to value these symbolic but inexpensive moves from Kim as the basis to assess Kim’s sincerity to give up his nuclear weapons, claiming that his good relationship with Kim is a sign of progress made.
Kim’s goal is not to give up his nuclear arsenal but to win international recognition of North Korea as a nuclear-armed state.
North Korea’s use of spectacle also benefits Moon’s engagement policy, which has been under criticism due to the ongoing negotiation deadlock. South Korea’s one-term five-year presidency puts pressure on Moon to deliver noticeable results and leave a durable legacy for a successor. Nevertheless, in the absence of sanctions relief and a denuclearisation roadmap, Moon can rely on symbolism as a decent alternative to fill the void.
The most recent DMZ summit has helped increase Moon’s approval rating to an eight-month high 52.4% and revived the impression of Moon playing a facilitating role, allowing him to explore the possibilities of a fourth Trump-Kim summit and a de jure peace treaty to end the Korean War. This would certainly constitute a long-lasting legacy for his presidency. However, the collapse of the Sunshine Policy after the presidencies of Kim Dae-jun and Roh Moo-hyun’s should remind Moon that short-term victories do not bring about fundamental changes in North Korea’s behaviours and calculations.
At the end of the DMZ summit, Trump invited Kim to visit the White House, a gesture if realised would certainly become another “historic” moment. Still, as the experience of negotiating with Pyongyang has shown, summitry should be a means to an end, not an end itself. Process should be distinguished from progress, and symbols should be judged not only by their ephemeral meaning, but more importantly by their permanent contributions to a particular goal.
North Korean leader Kim Jong-un shakes hands with US President Donald Trump in Singapore (Photo: Kevin Lim via Getty)
Progress of women in diplomacy a point of pride for DFAT
Australia-Indonesia ties: escaping the beefs about boats or Bali
Majella Hurney 28 Nov 2018 06:00
Charting a more sustainable development path in the Pacific
Competing to counter the influence of China in the Pacific suggests that Australia may have lost its way.
Michael J Green, Andrew Shearer 6 May 2017 09:32
Turnbull-Trump: The alliance needed a new start, and got one
We will need more than the warm and cordial summit on board USS Intrepid to address the creeping problem in the alliance.
Vu Lam 18 Jun 2018 06:00
Vietnam: reconciling the diaspora
Healing the rift between the current regime and many Vietnamese abroad is a cause long overdue.
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Look For Possibilities
If You Focus On Possibilities You’ll Have More Opportunities.
Eniac was one of the first computers to list – electronic circuits, which made for lightning fast calculations. At first, Thomas J. Watson, the former chairman of IBM, saw no use for it. He said,” I reached to Eniac the way some people probably reacted to the Wright brothers’ airplane. It didn’t move me at all…. I couldn’t see this gigantic, costly, unreliable device as a piece of business equipment.”
A few weeks later, he and his father wandered into a research office as IBM and saw engineer with a high – speed punch- card medicine hooked up to a black box. When asked what he was doing, he said, “Multiplying with radio tubes.” The machine was tabulating payroll at one tenth the time it took the standard punch card machine to do so. Watson recalls, “That impressed me as though somebody had hit me on the head with a hammer.” He said, Dad, we should put this thing on the market! Even if we only sell eight or ten, we’ll be able to advertise the fact that we have the world’s first commercial electronic calculator.”
That’s how IBM got into electronics. Within a year, they had electronic circuits that both multiplied and divided, and at that point, electronic circuits that both multiplied and divided, and at that point, electronic calculators become truly useful. Thousands of the IBM 604 were sold.
What wasn’t yet obvious to Thomas Watson was obvious to the engineer working In the research department. Always keep your eyes and ears open; you never know what you might discover. Look for the possibilities around you.
DiscoverEniacFocusFutureopportunitiesPossibilitiesThomas J. Watson
Believe in Your dream
Grace Hopper was born with a desire to discover how things worked. At age seven, her curiosity led her to dismantle every clock, in her childhood home! When she grew up, she eventually completed a doctorate in mathematics at Yale University. During World II, Grace joined the navy and was assigned to the navy’s computation project at Harvard University. There she met “Harvard Mark I,” the first fully functional digital computing machine. Once again, Grace set about to learn how something worked.
Unlike the clocks in her childhood home, however, ”Harvard Mark I” was composed of 750,000 parts and 500 miles of wire! While most experts believed computers were too complicated and expensive for anyone but highly trained scientists to use, Grace had her own idea. Her goal was to make them easier to operate, so more people could use them. Her work gave rise to the programming language COBOL.
As late as 1963, each large computer had its own unique master language. Grace became an advocate for a universally accepted language. She had the audacity to envision a day when computers would be small enough to sit on a desk more powerful than Harvard Mark I, and useful in offices, schools, and at home. At the age of seventy nine, she retired from the navy with a rank of rear admiral. But more important to her, she had to see her dream of personal computers come true!
Believe in your dreams. With God, all things are possible.
Long – term Vision
In 1877, George Eastman dreamed that wonderful world of photography might be accessible to the average person. At the time, photography working outdoors had to carry multiple pieces of bulky equipment and a corrosive agent called silver nitrate. Eastman theorized that if he could eliminate most of this equipment, he could make his dream a reality.
Working in a bank by day, he spent his nights reading books on chemistry and magazines about photography. He took foreign language lessons so he could real information published in France and Germany. Then with a partner, he began his own company in 1881. Almost immediately, a problem arose with the new “dry plates” he had invented. Eastman refunded the money to those who had purchased them and returned to his lab. Three months and 472 experiments later he came up with the durable emulsion for which he had searched!
Eastman spent, many nights sleeping in a hammock at his factory after long days assigning equipment. To replace the glass used is photographic plates, he created a roll of thin, flexible material now known as film. To replace heavy tripods, he developed a pocket camera. By 1895, photography was at last available to the “common man.
George Eastman’s long term vision kept him motivated even when 471 experiments faded.
Keeping your ultimate dream in mind, set short, attainable goals, and before you even know it, your vision will become a reality!
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Make the Most of Your Situation.
“Where There’s This Much Manure, There’s Gotta Be A Pony”
A story is told of identical twins. One was a hope – filled optimist who often said “Everything is coming up roses!” The other was a sad and hopeless pessimist who continually expected the worst to happen. The concerned parents of the twins brought them to a psychologist in hopes he might be able to help them balance their personalities.
The psychologist suggested that on the twin’s next birthday, the parents put them in separate rooms to open their gifts. “Give the pessimist the best toys you can afford,” the psychologist said,” and give the optimist a box of manure.” The parents did as he said.
When they peeked in on the pessimistic twin, they heard him complaining,” I don’t like the color of this toy. I’ll bet this toy will break! I don’t like to play this game. I know someone who has a bigger toy than this!”
Tiptoeing across the corridor, the parents peeked in and saw their optimistic son gleefully throwing manure up in the air. He was giggling as he said” You can’t fool me! Where there’s this much manure, there’s gotta be a pony!”
DifficultyManureopportunityOptimisticPersonalitiesPessimist
Get Back Up
If one dream dies, dream another dream. If you get knocked down, get back up and go again- Joel Osteen
The difference between success and failure is often the ability to get up just up one more time you than fall down!
Moses easily could have given up. He had an “interrupted “childhood and lived with a foster family. He also had a strong temper, a stammering tongue, and a criminal record, but when God called to him, Moses ultimately said yes.
Joshua had seen the Promised Land and believed they could conquer their enemies and possess the land. Yet he was forced to wander in the wilderness for forty years with cowards who didn’t believe. He could have given up in discouragement, but he was willing to go when God said to go.
Peter had a hard time making the transition from fisherman to fisher of men. He sank while trying to walk on water, was strongly rebuked by Jesus for trying to tell Him what to do, and denied knowing Jesus in that hour Mein Jesus needed him most. He easily could have seen himself as a hopeless failure. But when the opportunity came to preach the Gospel before thousands on the Day of Pentecost, he rose to the occasion.
No matter what you’ve done, what mistakes you may have made, what errors you may have committed, you’re not a failure until you lie down and quit. Though a righteous man falls seven times, he rises again.
CommittedDreamFailureFallsKnockedsuccess
February 5, 2016 admin 2 Comments
“You never get a SECOND CHANCE to make a first IMPRESSION” __Will Rogers.
During the late 1960’s a couple was vacationing in the California mountains one day, and they noticed a pleasant – looking young man sitting by a bridge near their hotel, Day after day they saw him sitting in that same spot.
At first they assumed he was fishing, but after taking a closer look, they realized he was doing nothing –just sitting and starting into space. Finally, on the last day of their vacation, they couldn’t stand it anymore. They just had to ask: “Why do you sit in that one spot all day, every day!”
He replied with a smile,’ happen to believe in reincarnation. I believe that I have lived many times before and that I will have many lives following this one. Sol this life I’ m sitting out.”
In reality, it’s impossible for any of us to “sit out” life. Each day, we are either moving forward or backward, getting stronger or weaker, moving higher or lower. Each of us begins every new day with a fresh opportunity to change tomorrow’s” starting point.”
You only have one chance at life, so make it count.
BeginningBesttimeCountImpressionopportunitySecondchanceStartingpoint
God Never Disappoints
February 5, 2016 admin 19 Comments
Trust in yourself and you are doomed to disappointment but trust in god, and you are never to be confounded in time or eternity.
Marian had her sights set on becoming a concert singer – a challenge that was doubly difficult because of the color of her skin. Her mother, however, had a patient trust in god. Marian later said, ” Mother’s religion made her believe that she would receive what was right for her to have if she was conscientious in her faith. If it did not come, it was because he had not considered it right for her. We grew in this atmosphere of faith that she created… . We believed as she did because we wanted the same kind of haven in the time of storm.”
When Marian was denied admission to a famous music conservatory because of her race, her mother calmly said, ‘ Someone would be raised up’ to help her accomplish what she had hoped to do at the conservatory. That someone arrived only a few weeks later. One of Philadelphia’s most outstanding voice teachers, Guiseppe Boghetti, made room for her to become one of his students.
Marian Andherson was on her way to becoming one of the most magnificent singers of the twentieth century. On Easter Sunday in 1939, she sang for more than 75,000 people gathered in front of the Lincoln Memorial and gave a performance never forgotten by those who were there. Trusting her future to God, she accomplished more than she could have dreamed.
Regardless of the opposition you encounter in reaching your dream always remember that god is on your side.
It is better to take refuge in the lord than to trust in man.
accomplishedBelievedDisappointmentTrust
Passionate Enthusiasm
The real secret of Success is Ethusiasm – Walter chryster
After years of working in Rome on life size sculpture, Michelangelo went to Floremce, where a large block of splendid white Carrara marble had been obtained for a colossal statue. Within weeks, he had signed an agreement to complete a rendition of David for the cathedral. Contract in hand, he started in at once, working with a furious energy so great that he often slept in his clothes resenting the time with it look to take them off and put them on again.
He faultlessly examined and precisely measured the marble to see what pose it could accommodate. He made sketches of possible attitudes and careful, detailed drawings from models. He tested his ideas in wax on a small scale When he was finally satisfied with his design, only then did he pick up a chisel and mallet.
Michelangelo approached painting the ceiling of Sistine Chapel with the same intensity. He took only a month to develop the theme, then launched with a fury into the final design – building scaffolding and hiring helpers. Lying at uncomfortable angles on hard boards, breathing the suffocating air just under the vault – plaster dust inflaming his eyes and irritating his skin – he spent much of the next four years literally sweating in physical distress as he worked.
May you do your work with the same Passionate Enthusiasm!
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Keep Your Eyes Open For Opportunities
“Sometimes, life doesn’t end up as what we planned. Because it is meant to be better”.
In 1970, Wally started baking chocolate chip cookies for his friends using a recipe and procedure that had been passed down from his Aunt Delia. For five years he gave away every batch he made, even though people often told him that his cookies were so good that he should go into business and sell them. Wally had other ideas though. He was determined to become a big time show – business manager.
Then one day a friends, B.J. Gilmore, told him that she had a friend who could put up the money for a cookie – making business. Her friend never made the investment, but Wally got some of his own friends – including Jeff Wall, Helen Reddy, and Marvin Gaye – to put up some money. Then Wally was off and running.
Originally, he intended to open up only one store on, Sunset Boulevard, just enough to“make a living.” After all, his was the only store in the world dedicated to the sale of nothing but chocolate chip cookies. But business grew virtually overnight.
Wally’s “Famous Amos Chocolate Chip Cookies” were soon distributed worldwide. Wally himself became a spokesman for other products, from eggs to airlines to a telephone company. While he once dreamed of managing stars, he now is one in his own right!
Sometimes dreams come through the back door. Kept it unlocked!
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VEMOD
This album was a love at first listen, which is truly a surprise after my string of on-off relationships with Ankedoten!
After listening to Nucleus, From Within and A Time Of Day I was convinced that I've heard all I needed to pass a judgment on Anekdoten's studio material but decided to give them just one more go and what a nice payoff it turned out to be! Come to think of it I don't quite understand why I previously was so eager to push forward in the band's discography without even considering to check out their debut until a few month ago. Maybe I was put off by the title Vemod which translates roughly into melancholy/sadness.
The first two album tracks are just fantastic! Karelia is a great instrumental with luscious mellotron undertones which does resemble a few King Crimson compositions, from their 73-74 period, particularly the ending which is a dead give away. Still I don't consider it to be a flaw since the overall composition has a spirit of its own and these little references don't in any way overshadow those assets. Besides, if this is considered plagiarism then I don't know what should be said about bands like Spock's Beard, Flower Kings, Dream Theater, The Tangent etc.
The Old Man And The Sea is the only songs here that I'm certain that I've heard Anekdoten perform live and it's a killer of a composition that has to be experienced by all fans of heavy progressive music. The next four tracks are quite different from the first two numbers especially the two nice acoustic compositions which work remarkably well in contrast to the longer and heavier numbers.
The album closes with Wheel which is my personal pick from Vemod. It starts off with an epic sounding intro which nicely works its way to the melodic vocal section and from there the composition goes into a crazy jam section. What a great way to conclude an excellent album!
This is an excellent album and a definite must have for all fans of progressive rock music!
***** star songs: Karelia (7:22) The Old Man And The Sea (7:50) Wheel (7:52)
**** star songs: Where Solitude Remains (7:21) Thought In Absence (4:13) The Flow (7:00) Longing (4:54)
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Below are ten Puritan Facts (with links to additional information) that will help you to understand the Puritans and Puritanism, while also helping to lead you to greater practical and theological (doctrinal) sanctification, as they lead to the best Puritan books, MP3s and videos on the Puritans that are available today.
Puritan Fact #1: The Puritans were the greatest biblical theologians since the days of the Apostles.
Puritan Fact #2: "They (the Puritans - ed.) marry doctrine and practice. The Puritans did this by addressing the mind, confronting the conscience, and wooing the heart." - Meet The Puritans: With a Guide to Modern Reprints (2006), pages xx-xxi, written by Dr. Joel Beeke and Randal Pederson.
Puritan Fact #3: The Puritans lived their theology faithfully, suffering great persecution (including torture), and even painful martyrdom, to remain faithful to the Lord Jesus Christ according to the truth He has revealed in the Bible.
Puritan Fact #4: Puritans were instrumental in framing and adopting the Solemn League and Covenant, the greatest biblical covenant since the days of the Apostles - though some "Puritans" later defected from this faithful covenant and became covenant-breakers (e.g. Oliver Cromwell).
Puritan Fact #5: The Scottish Covenanterswere considered Puritans in their time. "Samuel Rutherford preaching in Scotland, probably in the 1630s, says, 'Many are ashamed to own Christ, and to profess him, they will not be called Puritans.'" (emphases added, cited in Meet the Puritans by Dr. Joel Beeke, p. 646, where Beeke is citing The Puritan Hope by Iain Murray, pp. xxiv-xxv).
Puritan Fact #6: The Puritans were the most faithful men at the famous Westminster Assemblyand produced, in the Westminster Standards (the Westminster Confession of Faith, the Westminster Shorter Catechism, the Westminster Larger Catechism, etc.), the most biblical theological confessional standards the world has ever known.
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"Do you like to read the Puritans? I love reading them and cannot express enough how important it is to read some of the great works of these most noble divines. It is not just an exercise in reading, but an adventure in practical and theological piety that procures as a result. How excellent is it to read the best writers on a given subject. The Puritans were no doubt the best. Between the Reformers and the Puritans, nothing even comes close to true Christian piety outside of the Bible. All the major revivals were executed by God under the guise of the same Puritan theological stance, and the same Reformed theology as what you will find in the pages of these books. Drink deep for the well is almost inexhaustible in our day. How wonderful it is that God had providentially seen the reprinting of many of these great classic works and tomes of learning. Come, let us sit together at the feet of the Puritans that we may see Christ better and more intimately in the Scriptures." - Dr. C. Matthew McMahon, Puritan Books: Take and Read Book Reviews (from A Puritan's Mind Web site).
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Pastor Paul Washer, HeartCry Missionary Society
With the Puritan Hard Drive I can now carry one of the largest Puritan and Reformed libraries in my pocket.
No matter where I am, as long as there is some form of power source to operate a computer, I have access to some of the best Puritan and Reformed literature available.
The Puritan Hard Drive is a tremendous blessing. I travel frequently to many parts of the globe. The Puritan Hard Drive allows me to continue my studies on the road with the same depth as when I am seated in my study at home.
The wonderful portability of this massive Puritan library (and remarkable research software) makes the Puritan Hard Drive ideal for missionaries, students, or anyone who needs instant access to the best Reformation study materials in a variety of locations.
There is much more to the Puritan Hard Drive than just convenience, portability and the exceptional quality and extraordinary number of Reformation resources it includes. Even if a minister owned the largest printed Puritan library in the world, he would not be able to properly research the material. However, the KnowledgeBase software on the Puritan Hard Drive provides an effective road map to access the material in ways that are easy-to-use, organized and highly productive. With the click of a button, you can easily do ten hours worth of research in just seconds!
Having the Puritan Hard Drive is like owning the largest Puritan and Reformed Library in the world along with a full time research assistant with his PhD in Puritan Studies from Oxford or Cambridge.
Imagine not only owning the largest Puritan and Reformed library, but having a full-time team of world-class research assistants at your beck and call.
The high level of educational and scholarly functionality, combined with a marvelous library of over 12,500 top Puritan and Reformed resources and an extremely reasonable price, really makes obtaining the Puritan Hard Drive a stewardship issue. It is almost as if God is saying, "Here is a tool that will lead you to more truth faster than ever before. Make the best possible use of it and bring much glory to My Name." (2 Timothy 2:15, Ephesians 5:16).
In the history of extra-biblical study and research tools there has never before been a resource as useful as the Puritan Hard Drive. The immense body of Reformation material (books, MP3s and videos) on the Puritan Hard Drive, along with the phenomenal proprietary software program that is included, makes the Puritan Hard Drive a valuable tool for Reformation in our day.
As a member of the HeartCry Missionary Society, I am witness to the great needs of Christians throughout the globe. Possibly the greatest need is sound Christian literature. Even though many Third World pastors read English, they have very few good books available to them. Even if we could afford to buy each indigenous minister a small library, the cost of shipping would be astronomical. With the Puritan Hard Drive we can provide pastors throughout the globe with one of the most complete Puritan and Reformed libraries at a fraction of the cost.
The Puritan Hard Drive is also ideal for situations where concealment is a priority in countries which are hostile to the Gospel. The Puritan Hard Drive is the most compact way to smuggle the light of over 12,500 Reformation resources (with powerful study software) into the spiritual darkness of those nations that are in most need of Gospel truth.
- Paul Washer - HeartCry Missionary Society http://www.heartcrymissionary.com/
Dr. Joel R. Beeke Reviews and Recommends
Dr. Joel R. Beeke, Puritan Reformed Theological Seminary
The Puritan Hard Drive is a massive collection of primary Puritan resources, dozens of which are very hard to find anywhere else in the world.
Any lover of Puritan literature, which, more than any other body of literature ever written, powerfully expands our minds, convicts our consciences, allures our hearts, and moves our hands, will find a treasure trove here.
- Dr. Joel R. Beeke, President and Professor of Systematic Theology and Homiletics at Puritan Reformed Theological Seminary http://puritanseminary.org/, Author of many important Reformed books (including the must read, Meet the Puritans: With A Guide to Modern Reprints, http://www.heritagebooks.org/products/Meet-the-Puritans.html), Editorial Director at Reformation Heritage Books, Editor of the Banner of Sovereign Grace Truth magazine and Pastor of Heritage Netherlands Reformed Congregation in Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA.
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EU've lost that loving feeling
The UK served its Article 50 notice indicating its wish to leave the European Union two months ago, so it's time for my second blog entry on BREXIT and the environment.
The past month has been somewhat refreshing for the UK media because, for the first time in a while, they have had something other than Britain's departure from the EU to focus on. BREXIT has taken a back seat while the UK's General Election is, understandably, dominating headlines; however issues such as security and immigration are central to the debate.
I mentioned in my first blog that twenty four months to negotiate the 'divorce' and new trade agreements was not particularly long given the complexities involved; and that formal negotiations would begin in June, this month. So that makes blog entry two rather difficult to write because, on the BREXIT and environmental front, nothing obvious is happening, although quite a lot has happened politically…
#FrenchElection France voted in its youngest-ever President, the independent centrist Emmanuel Macron. Macron is pro-EU and quickly named Nicolas Hulot as the Environment Minister. Monsieur Hulot is a well-known environmentalist and is sure to be a vocal and passionate advocate within Europe and beyond.
#GeneralElection Campaigning in the UK's General Election continues apace in advance of the vote on 8 June 2016. All the major parties have published their manifestos and are selling and defending their ideas in equal measure. We've read the manifestos and summarised what each party is saying on the environment – click here to read more.
#Eurovision As you know from our amazing BREXIT puns, this blogger likes a good pop song and in keeping the musical theme, the 62nd edition of the Eurovision Song Contest was held on 13 May 2017. The UK came 15th with a song called "Never Give Up On You". The continental voters were obviously unconvinced that this was true in a post-Brexit world. But still, 15th out of 42 entrants isn't too bad, until you find out that Australia came 12th (don't ask…).
Purple remain
Given the state of election purdah, it isn't surprising that there's still a dearth of information from Whitehall as to what will be happening to British environmental law.
At home, the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs launched a consultation on a new air quality plan, which could be quite radical if all of it is taken forward. A final plan is expected to be published – by the new Government - at the end of July 2016.
Across in Brussels, the EU Environment Directorate continues to work as if BREXIT isn't on the radar – as it should. In May, the EU triggered the coming into force of the Minamata Convention on Mercury, which was negotiated in 2013.
The European Commission published its annual bathing water quality report, which highlighted that just over 85% of European bathing sites met the highest quality standards in 2016. The Member State water reports can be found here – 90% of the 631 bathing waters in the UK were "good" or "excellent". Who needs a European holiday when you've got the North Sea?
And not really news (in fact quite the opposite), but May saw the 25th anniversary of the EU Habitats Directive, which was approved on 21 May 1992. Amongst other things, the Habitats Directive built upon the Birds Directive created the Natura 2000 network and there are now more than 27,000 designated sites covering 20% of the European territory – there are 658 sites in the UK alone (see list). Habitats protection has been a great EU achievement but it could be one of the first victims of BREXIT, if our fears about "green tape" being cut in the medium-term prove to be true.
Post script - Don't look back in anger
I thought long and hard about mentioning the events in Manchester in this blog. In the end I opted not to, because terrorism is neither directly related to BREXIT; nor is there an environmental aspect. That said, it felt deeply uncomfortable and disrespectful to exclude it. To my mind, the EU has always been, fundamentally, a platform for collaboration: sharing information and skills for the benefit of all Europeans and the rest of the world. It seems to me that in an age of increased threats to the way we live – whether from acts of terror committed by individuals or acts of God or man-made climate change – the closer we collaborate the better chance of dealing with it, whether that is from within the EU or right next to it. #WE♥MCR
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Veröffentlicht am 08/09/2013 von sagemueller
news and snapshots
January 18., Torburg, Cologne
Maggie celebrates her 60. birthday within a Kozmic Blue concert.
Cheers Maggie !
June 27. 2017: wet show at Pirata Bus, Formentera
27.9.2016, Our dear friend, fellow, one of the best bassplayers ever, Claeusel Quitschau + passed away after a long illness this morning in Cologne. We feel very, very sad.
23.9.2016, the new record – Sunset in paradise – is out now
July, Kozmic Blue showcase their new song „Slick avenue“ at the philharmonic hall Cologne, a classical experience. In front of the orchestra from left to right: Justus Sagemueller (Cello), Maggie Mackenthun (vocals), Marianna Sadovska (vocals) and Gerhard Sagemueller (guitar)
„Kozmic Blue“ follows „B.B. and the Blues Shacks“ and gets the brass „star“ on the walk of fame at Germanys top Blues-Club Heimathaus Twist. Wet with sweat cause of the show and at the back from left to right: Gerhard Sagemueller, Justus Sagemueller, Wulf Hanses-Ketteler and Maggie Mackenthun at the front (also wet) now thery´re under the duty to polish it once a year ____________________________________________________________________ June 2015 Harley Dome Cologne: Maggie Mackenthun sings: „Oh Lord wont you buy me a Harley Davidson..“
______________________________________________________________________ Kozmic Blue March 2015, Matthias Keul, Maggie Mackenthun, Gerhard Sagemueller and Justus Sagemueller at 25 years old „Blues -Mekka“ Heimathaus Twist ________________________________________________________________________ spring 2013, Gerhard Sagemueller of Kozmic Blue helps out Richard Bargel on the drums while premiering his new band „Dead Slow Stampede“ on stage. (from left to right) Roger Schaffrath (guit., Wolf Maahn et al.) , Gerhard Sagemueller (drums, Kozmic Blue), Norbert Jorzeck (bass), Richard Bargel (voc guit, Bargel/Heuser) ——————————————————————————————————————-
Miami, Fld: Febr. 26th 2013: Maggie Mackenthun, Justus Sagemueller and Martin Doepke of Kozmic Blue get on board to „70000 tons of metal“, being part of the Lingua Mortis Orchestra of Rage, THE WORLD’S BIGGEST HEAVY METAL CRUISE,
the IGing project, CD and tour Winter 2012/13:
Joerg Dudys (guit., Edo Zanki, Jule Neigel et al.), Maggie Mackenthun (voc, flute, harmonica), Martin Engelien (bass, Klaus Lage, Maffay et.all), Gerhard Sagemueller (drums, guit)
summer 2012: a typical Formentera session: first music, than food and drinks at the Bon Gust, San Francisco. Maggie and Zucchero after show and cafe solo
January 2011: Maggie Mackenthun (KOZMIC BLUE) and Steve Morse (Deep Purple) modelling their ornament shirts and pendants, while doing a showcase at the Namm Show in Los Angeles
_________________________________________________________________________ (from left to right) Laurence Juber (Paul McCartney and the Wings), Peter Bursch (Broeselmaschine) Maggie Mackenthun (Kozmic Blue), and Jerry Donahue (Fairport Convention) groovin´ at Kulaks Woodshed in Hollywood _________________________________________________________________________ (from left to right) Vicki Genfan, Carl Verheyen (Supertramp), Maggie and Steve Trovato wearing a smile in L.A.
September 2011: (from left to right) Helmut Kruminga (BAP), Gerhard Sagemueller (KOZMIC BLUE), Gerd Koester, Brahm Heidl (JAY KAYE BAND), and Frank Hocker (KOESTER / HOCKER) bow low (and up again) to the audience at Tanzbrunnen, Cologne _________________________________________________________________________
Febr.2009: Kozmic Blue and Jan Ackermann (FOCUS) backstage. Jan played a great show. Maggie Mackenthun is still fresh for her upcoming set. _________________________________________________________________________ January 2010: J´attire votre attention sur le fantastique Kozmic Kaye Project a´ „spirit of 66“, en mer villeux ville Verviers. (from left to right): Jay Kaye, Diego Ferral, Maggie Mackenthun, Brahm Heidl andGerhard Sagemueller
summer 2008: Kozmic Blue and Ten Years After at the June open air festival in Berlin (singer Maggie Mackenthun and bassplayer Leo Lyons backstage) _________________________________________________________________________
2007: John Hayes (Mothers Finest) and Maggie (Kozmic Blue) at the Bluescafe Apeldoorn _________________________________________________________________________
2006: Maggie Mackenthun meets Charlie Musselwhite at the New Orleans Blues Festival ________________________________________________________________________ news October 1990: KOZMIC TWO are born
Dieser Eintrag wurde veröffentlicht in Allgemein von sagemueller. Permanenter Link des Eintrags.
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Sadia Shepard is the author of The Girl from Foreign: A Memoir (The Penguin Press, 2008). Her writing has appeared in The Washington Post, The Times of India, Wall Street Journal Magazine and The New York Times. She is currently working on a collection of short stories.
Her documentary series The Other Half of Tomorrow introduces us to the disparate contexts that make up Pakistan’s complex culture—from a women’s rights’ workshop in a village in rural Punjab, to an underground dance academy in Karachi, to the playing fields of the Pakistan Women’s Cricket Team. 7 short films in the series premiered as the opening night presentation of the 2012 Margaret Mead Film Festival.
Her previous credits as a producer include The September Issue, an inside look at Vogue, and The Education of Mohammad Hussein for HBO, which was nominated for a 2014 International Documentary Association Award. Her film In Search of the Bene Israel premiered on NDTV's Documentary 24x7 and at the 2009 New York Jewish Film Festival at Lincoln Center.
Shepard teaches creative writing at Hunter College and documentary filmmaking at Wesleyan University. She lives in New York City with her family.
For rights and permissions:
PJ Mark / Literary Agent / Janklow & Nesbit Associates
445 Park Avenue New York, N.Y. 10022 / (212) 421-1700 / info@janklow.com
For interview requests:
Liz Calamari / Senior Publicity Specialist / The Penguin Press
375 Hudson Street New York, NY 10014 / (212) 366-2857 / elisabeth.calamari@us.penguingroup.com
For speaking requests:
Erin Simpson / Manager / Penguin Random House Speakers Bureau
375 Hudson Street / New York, NY 10014 | (212)-366-2263 / esimpson@penguinrandomhouse.com
http://www.prhspeakers.com
For general correspondence:
ss@sadiashepard.com
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Smokers Bingo
About Smokers Bingo
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Bingo: from UK to the rest of the world
Posted by cigarettesandbingo on September 29, 2012
Tags: Bingo around the world
The game Bingo has been part of the social life in United Kingdom through the years. The fun of playing this game started way back 1600’s and has been keep in history thanks to millions of people who have been in loved with this game.
Bingo actually came from an Italian Lottery which is known as Lo Giuoco del Lotto D’Italia. The game was then love by the people and from there bingo lovers keep on increasing. As time goes by, Bingo keeps on expanding from Italy to the different areas in the Globe. The game Bingo has became very famous that’s why many establishments such as those of commercial buildings were made in United Kingdom. Those commercial building is made in order to abide their Betting and Gaming Act of 1960.
As we all know United Kingdom is divided into four major regions namely: Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland and Great Britain. Indeed, this place is reported to be one of the major funs of the game Bingo. But not only was United Kingdom, in fact, Bingo used as an educative tool in Germany.
In playing Bingo, one must use what is so called ticket or cards. Those materials contain different numbers on the grids or the spaces between the intersection of the rows and columns. Normally, a common bingo ticket is made up of twenty-seven spaces that were put together, particularly, in 3 rows and 9 columns. Commonly, there are 3 numbers which are assign in every column, however, still it’s possible that every column might contain either one or two numbers. Each column in the ticket is assign with their own designated ranged of numbers.
The one who will randomly select the numbers and calls it out is called the caller. Each time a player get the right number in his ticket, he/she then marked it out then he will repeat the process until a player is able to mark off all the numbers that he requires in order to win the game.
If a player able to complete his/her requires numbers then he will call out the caller in order for the caller to confirm if he really is the winner.
Why You Should Play Bingo
The Perfect Guide for Online Casino
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Where can I smoke and play bingo?
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Copyright © 2010 Smokers Bingo
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Stephen McNair's Website
Learning, working and growing older
An Ageing Society
Ageing and Work
Ageing and Learning
Demographic Change in Europe: a joint programming initiative
Centre for Research into the Older Workforce
Mid-life Career Review
UDACE
Adult Education/Lifelong Learning
The National Inquiry into the Future for Lifelong Learning
Tag Archives: Continuing Education
NIACE: the end of an era?
4th November 2015 otheradult education, Civic Education, Continuing Education, higher education, learning and work, learning and work institute, lifelong learning, NIACEadmin
Today NIACE (the National Institute of Adult Continuing Education) holds its AGM, at which it is likely to approve its formal merger with the Centre for Economic and Social Inclusion (CESI) and a new title to”The National Learning and Work Institute”.
I have been involved with NIACE for 35 years, 19 of them on the staff, and at different times have led its research programme, work on work related learning, higher education, older learners.
I am going to the AGM today, if only to make a last plea for the things which are not in the current strategic plan. This is not intended to be a grumpy contribution from the old days – of course the old aspirations were often poorly reflected in reality, but I fear we may be abandoning even the aspiration, in pursuit of a narrower and more instrumental agenda.
The title may be a small issue, but it is hugely symbolic for NIACE’s supporters, and for the wider world. Most people will assume that “Learning and Work” means learning related to paid employment, and look no further. They might be right. I find it ironic that after years of championing work related adult learning, when the organisation was looking in other directions, I am now on the other side
I have four major concerns:
1. The “Life and Society” theme of the new Strategic Plan is the non work-related area, but it is very narrowly defined – it is only about families and a set of basic/minimum skills for citizenship (both entirely worthy causes). We seem to have lost a vast territory (culture, meaning and identity, political and citizenship, health and fitness, fun). Where do people fit who are not in families ( a lot of older people), and what are we doing about active citizenship and political engagement for those who have the basic skills of the “citizen’s curriculum”? Have we abandoned what the WEA and many Extramural Departments used to stand for? Of the Delors four pillars, what happened to “learning to live together”, and “learning to be”? What happened to earning to empower people to change the world, not just their earnings?
2. The increasing focus on the youngest adults mirrors the BIS agenda but ignores the most rapidly growing group of the population – the 48% who are over 50, whose opportunities have been dramatically reduced in recent years (as Schuller & Watson pointed out – 3% of the spend on 33% of the population). In this context I find the proposal to turn “Mid-life Career Review” into “Career Review” – which is what the National Careers Service already is – deeply depressing. We are losing the lifecourse perspective altogether;
3. How is NIACE engaging with the growing raft of informal education (how does NIACE relate to U3A and its 300,000 learners? Or to Men’s Sheds? What do we know about the implications of the growth of online learning – especially among older people?)
4. The Inquiry into the Future for Lifelong Learning in 2009 set out to map a long term strategic future for lifelong learning. If I look at the IFLL recommendations, NIACE has done important things about several of them, but I think that today’s vote is likely to sign the death knell for the first three – the four life stage model, balancing resources across the lifecourse, and building a set of entitlements. For me that is abandoning some of the essence of what NIACE has been about for the 35 years I have been involved with it
It may well be that a lot of work is going on that I don’t know about in these areas, in which case it would have been good to publicise it more.
It may be that a decision has been made that work in these areas is not fundable, or not a priority. I have not seen a business plan which argues this, but it may well exist, in which case perhaps we should try to find other homes for our concerns.
It may be a reflection of the culture of BIS, which has been assiduously opposed to many of these things at least since the days when I worked inside it (despite the heroic efforts of a small group of civil servants, and occasional Ministers). But we always prided ourselves in not being enslaved to the policy agenda of Government. Also, the BIS agenda is not always shared by our Parliamentary friends, who have always been useful allies.
To conclude – I fear that the merger (which supports some important causes which we all share), and the change of title, represent a major shift of emphasis. I would like to be reassured today!
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Palakkad to Tindivanam
Home | Routes Directory | Palakkad to Tindivanam
About Palakkad
Book online bus tickets to Palakkad By SONA Travels
Palakkad SONA Travels is a town and a municipality in the state of Kerala in southern India. It is the administrative headquarters of Palakkad District. Palakkad lies near the Palghat Gap, a pass or natural depression through the Western Ghats ranges that run parallel to the west coast of India, and connects Kerala to the plains of the state of Tamil Nadu to the east. The people of Palakkad speak Malayalam.
Places of interest in Palakkad and can be viewed by SONA Travels
View from outside the northern wall of Palakkad Fort.
1) Palakkad Fort - Fort dating from 1766, built by Hyder Ali of Mysore. In 1784, after a siege which lasted eleven days, the British Colonel Fullerton stormed the Fort.[citation needed] Later it fell into the hands of the Zamorin’s troops, but was recaptured by the British in 1790. This well-preserved fort is also known as Tipu's (Tipu Sultan, son of Hyder Ali) Fort. Today there is a functioning jail in the fort grounds.
2) Malampuzha Dam and Malampuzha dam garden. This is a large irrigation dam built on the river Bharathapuzha at the base of the hills of the Western Ghats. The gardens, the amusement park for children, and the boating facilitices on the reservoir make Malampuzha a centre of interest for tourists, easily accessible from Palakkad.
3) Paddy fields in Palakka Jain Temple of Jainimedu - Situated on the western border of Palakkad town and not far from the railway station, this is an historic Jain Temple. The area around the temple is known as Jainimedu. This is one of the few places in Kerala where vestiges of Jainism have survived without substantial damage. The granite walls are devoid of decoration. The temple, 32 feet (9.8 m) long and 20 feet (6.1 m) wide, consists of four divisions with images of Jain Thirthankaras and Yakshinis in three of them. Kumaran Asan wrote his monumental poem Veena Poovu (the fallen flower) at a Jain house here during his brief stay with his master Sri. Narayana Guru.
4) Parambikulam The Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary, covering 285 km², is 135 km from Palakkad and adjacent to the Annamalai Wildlife Sanctuary in Tamil Nadu. Besides being a home for elephants, wild boar, sambar, bison, guar, crocodiles, and a few tigers and panthers, it has a rich diversity of flora and fauna. Trekking in the forest is allowed with prior permission. Boating facilities are available on the lake. The large Cannimare Teak Tree is here near Thunakadavu.
5) Silent Valley National Park A dense rain forest and the habitat of rare species 80 km from Palakkad. It is popularly known as the evergreen forest and noted for its eerie silence because of the lack of cicadas.It is an important biosphere reserve in the Western Ghats and home of the tribal people. The valley is known for the rare Lion-Tailed Macaque. This National Park is a protected area for tigers also
Heap of rice straw, usually seen in front of houses in Palakkad district.
6) Nelliampathi Known as the Ooty of Kerala, Nelliampathy, about 80 km from Palakkad, is a hill station in the Nelliampathy forest ranges. This forest range constitutes a series of ridges cut off from one another by valleys of dark evergreen forests.
7) Pothundy Dam Around 35 km from Palakkad town, Pothundy Dam is situated on the way to Nelliampathi hills. The hill area to Nelliyampathy hills starts from Pothundy Dam. People visiting Nelliampathi, stop here to enjoy the beauty of the dam as well as to relax during their long journey up the Nelliampathi hills.
8) Walayar Dam is around 25 km from Palakkad town, It is located on the border of Kerala and Tamil Nadu. It is a beautiful place. It is an easily accessible location to the visitors to and from Tamil Nadu also. There is a Deer park located 3 km from Walayar.
9) A typical fence made of bamboo usually seen in villages of the Palakkad district. Attappady Attappady is an extensive mountain valley above the crest of the Ghat ranges, with several rivulets of the river Bhavani. The area is dominated by tribal people.
10) In Palakkad, Punarjani Guha The Punarjani Guha is a natural tunnel 15 meters long in the rocky cliff. It is 2 km from the Thiruvilwamala Temple and the chief presiding deity is Sri Rama. The idol is believed to be ‘swayambhoo’, i.e. born on its own. It is believed that performing ‘noozhal’ -- crawling through the tunnel from one end to the other—will wash away all of one’s sins and thus bring about rebirth. Only men are allowed to do the ‘noozhal’ women may only visit the cave. This ritual is practised on only one day per year, on Guruvayur Ekadashi. This particular site actually comes under the district of Thrissur.
11) In Palakkad, you can view Killikkurussimangalam This small village is the birthplace of the famous Malayalam satire poet and founder of the Ottamthullal art form, Kunchan Nambiar. The home of the greatest Koodiyattam maestro and authority of abhinaya Natyacharya Vidushakaratnam, Padma Shri Guru Mani Madhava Chakyar, is also here
12) In Palakad there is a Kanjirapuzha Dam This dam feeds almost half the agricultural land of the district. It supplies water to such places as Mannarkkad, Ottappalam and Shoranur, and is the biggest dam built with soil in Kerala. There is a garden in front of the dam.
* Peruvemba Well known for its festivals, the Chandabhishegam in December and Peruvemba Vela in April.
* Kalpathi Most famous of the eighteen agraharams of Palakkad, for its annual Ratholsavam.This place is also famous for Ajitha and Lakshmikanth's love story
13) Srikrishnapuram A small and welcoming village; the name comes from Palakkadussery Sekhari Varma Raj. It is one of the many villages of Palakkad. Punchappadam and Karimpuzha are also included in this village area.
14) Dhoni Waterfalls It is a gift of nature to the district with green forest, rocks, shallow water and beautiful water fall. Dhoni waterfall is in the western ghats 15 km from the Palakkad Town bustand and 9 km from the Palakkad Junction railway station. There is a beautiful temple near the mountain valley and it is believed that this was built by the Goddess for Shiva Bhagawan.
15) Integrated Rural Technology Centre - IRTC Integrated Rural Technology Centre is an R&D and Training Institution situated at Mundur, Palakkad. It develops or adapts technology having rural applications. Training and follow up facilities are extended in various livelihood programmes.
16) Pariyanempatta Bhagavathi Temple, Kattukulam, Mangalamkunnu, Palakkad
17) Koduvayur Koduvayur is one of the major markets in Palakkad district. The vegetable and cloth markets here attract customers as well as dealers from different parts of the state as well. The famous car festival is celebrated here. Major market possessions are managed by Moothans, the Vaisya sect of Palakkad and Muslims.
18) Karnaki Temple. Palakkad has a Karnaki Temple where goddess Kannaki is worshipped in her full idol form.[citation needed] In the Karnaki temple, Kerala form of pooja practices are done by Kerala Brahmins (Namboothiris) and in the Siva Temple in the same compound, Tamil Shaiva form of pooja practices are carried out by Tamil Brahmin Priests.
19) SREE CHEMITTIYA BAGAVATHY KSHETRAM Around 6 km from PALAKKAD town on CHITTUR road is the temple of the goddess. Every year during MARCH - APRIL the annual fair happens here. There are many people who come here for rituals during that season. The temple committee is setting up a MARRIAGE HALL which on completion can help many of the surrounding village to use this.
20) CHITTUR BAGAVATHY KSHETRAM 18 km from PALAKKAD TOWN in CHITTUR dedicated to Goddess CHITTUR BAGAVATHY, annually there is a temple fair conducted by the locals and the family called KONGAN PADA.
Thus Palakkad is one of the tourist place and can make a journey by SONA Travels
About Tindivanam
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Home»Articles»A Review Paper on Techniques of Enhancing the Efficiency and Productivity of Solar Still
A Review Paper on Techniques of Enhancing the Efficiency and Productivity of Solar Still
Author : Akash A. Lokhande and S.M.Shaikh
The present paper deals with a review on different techniques that improves the efficiency, productivity and performance of solar still. The different techniques are used separately to improve the performance of solar still. If we combine two or more different efficiency and productivity improvement techniques in a single unit of solar still then efficiency and productivity of solar still will absolutely improve. And the present work deals with effect of combining the two or more different efficiency and productivity improvement techniques that increases the performance of solar still.
Solar Energy, Thermal Energy Storage, PCM
[1] Mohammed Farid and Faik Hamad, “Single Basin Solar Still”, Renewable energy, Vol. 3, No.1, pp.75-83, 1993.
[2] A.K.Singh, G.N.Tiwari, P.B.Sharma and Emran Khan, “Optimization of Orientation for Higher Yield of Solar Still for a given Location”, Energy Convers. Mgmt, Vol. 36, No. 3, pp.175-187, 1995.
[3] A.A. El-Sebaii, S. Aboul-Enein and E. El-Bialy, “Single basin solar still with baffle suspended absorber”, Energy Conversion & Management, Vol. 41, pp. pp. 661-675, 2000.M.E. El-Swify, M.Z. Metias, “Performance of double exposure solar still”, Renewable Energy, Vol. 26, pp. 531–547, 2002.
[4] Kazuo Murase, Hiroshi Tobata, Masayuki Ishikawa and Shigeki Toyama, “Experimental and numerical analysis of a tube-type networked solar still for desert technology”, Desalination, Vol. 190, pp. 137–146, 2006.
[5] Hiroshi Tanaka and Yasuhito Nakatake, “Improvement of the tilted wick solar still by using a flat plate reflector”, Desalination, Vol. 216, pp. 139–146, 2007.
[6] B. Selva Kumar, Sanjay Kumar and R. Jayaprakash, “Performance analysis of a “V” type solar still using a charcoal absorber and a boosting mirror”, Desalination Vol. 229, pp. 217–230, 2008.
[7] Ragh Vendra Singh, Shiv Kumar, M.M. Hasan, M. Emran Khan and G.N. Tiwari, “Performance of a solar still integrated with evacuated tube collector in natural mode”, Desalination, Vol. 318, pp. 25–33, 2013.
[8] Bharat Kumar Patil and Sanjay Dambal, “Design and Experimental Performance Analysis of Solar Still Using Phase Changing Materials and Sensible Heat Elements”, IJRMET, Vol. 6, No. 2, May – Oct, 2016.
[9] B.N. Subramanian and P. Chandrasekaran, “A Novel Method of Enhancing the Productivity and Efficiency of Solar Still – An Experimental Study”, IJCTA, International Science Press, Vol. 9, No. 37, pp. 545-553, 2016.
[10] SN Avesahemad Husainy, Omkar S. Karangale and Vinayak Y. Shinde, “Experimental Study of Double Slope Solar Distillation with and without Effect of Latent Thermal Energy Storage”.
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Battlestar Galactica (DVD)
Starring: The guy who does the origami in Blade Runner, the love interest from Dances with Wolves and a whole stack of other people who aren't bad but just can't compete.
Story: The exiled robot slaves of humanity, the Cylons, return home to the twelve colonies of Kobol after an absence of forty years. They hold something of a grudge. After some serious Armageddon, all that remains of humanity is a small fleet of civilian ships led by a single military battlestar, the Galactica.
They run away.
Their only hope is the lost thirteenth colony - Earth.
Comments: The history of film and television is littered with decisions which must have seemed like no-brainers at the time but which later turned out to be a little iffy. ('Another Star Wars film, Mr Lucas? But, of course! Why not make three?' or 'I tell you what, let's hire Ben Affleck.') Then there are other decisions which seem insane even now but richly paid off. ('I know! We'll bring back Dr Who with Billie Piper as his assistant,' or 'All right, you've talked me into it, let's give this whole Buffy thing another try. I suppose the film wasn't that bad...')
Re-imagining Battlestar Galactica is definitely in the latter category. I have no idea what they were smoking when they came up with the idea but I'm very glad they went through with it. Forget the seventies version. This is tense, gritty war drama with a big slice of politics, a dash of religion and regular, spaceship-sized explosions. Fantastic.
Admittedly, after watching the first episodes, I wasn't too sure whether I could be bothered with any more. The initial mini-series is impressive enough but it's a bit of a downer since it deals at length with the end of human civilisation. Also, Season 1 is a little by-the-numbers at the beginning but this changes as the conflicts and schemes amongst the survivors start to build and the Cylon threat becomes more complex. Some of them look human; some of them even think they are human. The military command and democratic government of the fleet must try to work together against the threat of terrorism. Resources dwindle, the fighter pilots get tired, the story arcs build and the civilians start complaining there isn't enough hot water. Then, whenever things seem to settle down, there's a new twist. Everything continues to crank up during Season 2 with more discoveries and revelations. The first four episodes of Season 3 are as frantic and entwined as anything 24 has to offer. (There's also the bonus that they reach something of a conclusion rather than everything just unexpectedly rattling off in a different direction).
One of the strengths of the show is that very little is ever black and white. The Cylons have a legitimate fear of humanity. The humans cannot see past their prejudice against 'the toasters'. The leaders of the fleet often have to make difficult decisions that serve the greater good and they don't always get them right. It's all refreshingly mature.
If there's anything to be said against the show, it's that some of the characters are a bit annoying. The pilots, Apollo and Starbuck, need a good slapping on occasion. This is off-set, however, by the performances of Edward James Olmos as Commander Adama and Mary McDonnell as President Roslin. They do an exceptional job at keeping everything together.
If you start now, you might just about manage to catch up before Season 4 starts on Sky One after Christmas. Of course, if, like me, you're with Virgin Media and don't get Sky One any more, you might want to pace yourself or you'll be left with plenty of time to curse Rupert Murdoch and all his minions before the DVD release. (Sort it out, people!)
Conclusion: Drama, political commentary, big fights and spaceships. What's not to like?
Stunning CGI space battles: Frequent.
Duff episodes: Surprisingly few.
Dodgy haircuts, flared trousers and disco: None.
Chance of me finishing this review before skiving off to watch the rest of Season 3: [To do].
Labels: drama, film review (vol.3), sci-fi (vol.1)
Winnie the Pooh Tip'n'Topple Game
Little Children (DVD)
Overlord (Xbox 360)
Scooby-Doo! Haunted House 3D Board Game
Aquadraw Deluxe
Nintendo Wii console
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If $15 Minimum Wage Is Such a Good Idea, Why Did AOC’s Bar Close Down?
03/20/2019 03/21/2019 - by admin - Leave a Comment
The brilliant Thomas Sowell, when in college, considered himself a Marxist. Asked what changed him, Sowell said, “Evidence.”
After completing undergrad at Harvard and obtaining a master’s in economics, Sowell landed a summer internship with the Department of Labor. While there, he researched the impact of minimum wage law on employment. Sowell learned two things, both of which he found startling. First, minimum wage laws create job loss by pricing the unskilled out of the labor force. Second, Sowell discovered that “the people in the labor department really were not interested in that, because the administration of the minimum wage was supplying one-third of the money that was keeping the labor department going. … I realized that institutions have their own agendas and their own incentives.” In short, Sowell found that the Department of Labor did not care about the real-world effects of the minimum wage law. He credits this experience, this search for evidence, with having the “biggest” impact on his thinking.
The left refers to the skeptics of “climate change” alarmism as “anti-science.” But when it comes to left-wing passions like the $15 minimum wage, a “universal basic income” and the “wealth tax,” it is the left that ignores evidence.
Among those calling for a $15 minimum wage is self-described Democratic socialist Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, D-N.Y. Before her election to Congress, Ocasio-Cortez worked at as a bartender at a popular New York bar in Union Square called The Coffee Shop. How popular? Investor’s Business Daily said the bar was “frequented by A-list celebrities and featured on ‘Sex and the City.'” Despite its popularity, The Coffee Shop went out of business last year. Its co-owner, Charles Milite, cited as the primary reason the city’s minimum wage law. “The minimum wage is going up,” said Milite, “and we have a huge number of employees.”
Economists have long studied the impact of minimum wage laws. The Employment Policies Institute is a Washington, D.C., based nonprofit organization that studies public policy issues pertaining to employment growth. It is managed by an economist formerly with the Bureau of Labor Statistics. As to the $15 minimum wage, a 2015 EPI-commissioned survey of economists found:
“Nearly three-quarters of these US-based economists oppose a federal minimum wage of $15.00 per hour.
“The majority of surveyed economists believe a $15.00 per hour minimum wage will have negative effects on youth employment levels (83 percent), adult employment levels (52 percent), and the number of jobs available (76 percent).
“When economists were asked what effect a $15.00 per hour minimum wage will have on the skill level of entry-level positions, 8 out of 10 economists (80 percent) believe employers will hire entry-level positions with greater skills.
“When economists were asked what effect a $15.00 per hour minimum wage will have on small businesses with fewer than 50 employees, nearly 7 out of 10 economists (67 percent) believe it would make it harder for them to stay in business.”
What about the “universal basic income”? Two countries, Canada and Finland, recently tried it. Both stopped.
In Canada, the experiment was tried in the province of Ontario. According to the Washington Times: “The Ontario experiment was a particularly generous version of a UBI. Eligible individuals could receive $17,000 (Canadian; about 13,000 U.S. dollars today) minus half of any earned income. A couple could receive $24,000. And people with disabilities could get as much as $23,000. For the Ontario pilot, only low-income folks participated, and their benefits replaced unemployment insurance, the state pension and disability payments.” The program, begun in 2017, was supposed to last three years. But the government of Ontario, citing costs, ended it after just 15 months. About the experiment, one researcher said, “We just don’t have any data to know whether it was working or not.”
The Finnish two-year experiment started in 2017. A random group of 2,000 unemployed 25- to 58-year-old Finns received a monthly income of about $650, no strings attached. But Finland did not renew the program. A preliminary review found no positive effect on employment as to the first year. But one prominent proponent, a professor at Finland’s University of Turku, said, “The whole truth is much more complex, we need many more studies and research to find out.”
As to the wealth tax, in 1990, 12 European countries had such a tax on those with high incomes. But only three of those countries still have it. A February NPR piece on Europe’s wealth tax said, “According to reports by the OECD and others … it was expensive to administer, it was hard on people with lots of assets but little cash, it distorted saving and investment decisions, it pushed the rich and their money out of the taxing countries — and, perhaps worst of all, it didn’t raise much revenue.”
As to the left-wing pursuit of the $15 minimum wage, a universal basic income and the wealth tax, does evidence matter?
Larry Elder is a best-selling author and nationally syndicated radio talk show host.
COPYRIGHT 2019 LAURENCE A. ELDER
DISTRIBUTED BY CREATORS.COM
PolitiFact Rates Elder ‘False’ on Democrats and Slavery, But Elder Was Right
Democratic Debates:
Reparations: How Not to Foster Racial Harmony
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Let The Record Show: Dexys Do Irish and Country Soul
March 18, 2016 by Paul Sinclairtags: Dexys, new music
Dexys Midnight Runners, or just “Dexys” as they now like to be called, return in June with an album of interpretations of Irish Songs and other ‘select compositions’…
The band are at pains to point out that this is definitely not a covers album or a ‘stop gap’ and indeed, Kevin Rowland asserts that “we had the idea to do this album in 1984 or 1985. It was to be called ‘Irish’ and was to feature songs like ‘Carrickfergus’, ‘Curragh of Kildare’ and ‘Women Of Ireland’ – all of which are featured here. Dexys broke up not too long afterwards, so it didn’t happen.”
Rowland acknowledges that the brief has expanded from solely consisting of Irish songs, to songs he has “always loved and wanted to record” which explains the inclusion of a track like Rod Stewart‘s You Wear It Well.
Finally, he points out that “we’re not trying to be Irish, and we haven’t used too many Celtic instruments on there. It’s our sound. We’re bringing our style to these songs. I’m just a guy who follows my intuition, my inspiration. This really felt like the right thing to do. We have put probably more care and attention into these songs than we might have done with our own songs, because the odds were high. It was important to get them right, and make sure every one of them felt relevant to us.”
As well as the standard CD, this album is available as a great value three-disc deluxe edition which adds a bonus disc of acappellas and instrumentals, along with a brand new 50 minute film on DVD. A 2LP vinyl set is also available.
Let The Record Show: Dexys Do Irish and Country Soul is released on 3 June 2016.
Let The Record Show: Dexys Do Irish and Country Soul (Deluxe Edition)
Let The Record Show: Dexys Do Irish and Country Soul [VINYL]
3-disc deluxe
1. Women Of Ireland
3. Smoke Gets In Your Eyes
4. Curragh Of Kildare
5. I’ll Take You Home Kathleen
6. You Wear It Well
7. 40 Shades Of Green
8. How Do I Live
9. Grazing In The Grass
10. The Town I Loved So Well
11. Both Sides Now
12. Carrickfergus
1. To Love Somebody (Solo Vocal)
2. Smoke Gets in Your Eyes (Solo Vocal)
3. Curragh of Kildare (Solo Vocal)
4. I’ll Take You Home Again, Kathleen (Solo Vocal)
5. How Do I Love (Solo Vocal)
6. Grazing in the Grass (Solo Vocal)
7. The Town I Loved So Well (Solo Vocal)
8. Carrickfergus (Solo Vocal)
9. How Do I Live (Instrumental)
10. Grazing in the Grass (Instrumental)
11. Both Sides Now (Instrumental)
Disc 3: DVD with short film
2LP Vinyl Edition
1. The Town I Loved So Well
2. Both Sides Now
3. Carrickfergus
2CD+DVD Deluxe Edition
• UK Pre-order: Dexys Do Irish and Country Soul
• GERMANY Pre-order: Dexys Do Irish and Country Soul
• SPAIN Pre-order: Dexys Do Irish and Country Soul
17 responses to Let The Record Show: Dexys Do Irish and Country Soul
Pingback:Dexys Deluxe now available signed | superdeluxeedition
Charles Hodgson says:
Ordered the deluxe cd and the 2lp. Unheard of profligacy for me these days. But this is Dexys, and this will rule hard, like all their – and Rowland solo – records. And another peerless tour will indubitably inevitably follow. Keep on burning.
Caught them live in Australia during their One Day I’m Going to Soar tour. A great concert. And the lengthy, complete reworking of Come on Eileen was wondrous. I was surprised not to find it featured on the ensuing live album. No idea why!
Loved that 2013 album and I’m looking forward to this new one.
A couple of tunes previously covered by Bryan Ferry on there. I love Ferry’s version of Carrickfergus and I’m looking forward to hearing this LP.
That live album is incredible. Well worth purchasing.
Mike – Totally agree, the 3 disc “Nowhere is Home” at the Duke of York Theatre is well worth having especially if you can nab it around 10 quid
The set with the DVDs in is great as well. I was fortunate enough to see the ODIGTS tour live in Manchester, absolutely amazing.
RJS Winchester says:
Their comeback album “One Day I’m Going to Soar” from 2012 was so disappointing.
I disagree. I played that record to death.
Stan Butler says:
Sorry RJS, but you’re well out of line there.. “One Day I’m Going to Soar” was a majestic album and was rightly given great reviews across the board.
It wasn’t universally praised. In comparison to the majestic Don’t Stand Me Down I think it’s very average. I’ll take Rowland’s My Beauty over One Day I’m Going to Soar everytime.
Fred Holmes says:
Interesting view. I thought it was up there with the best of their work, the majority of which is a very high standard.
About three months out – but ordered and it will swing about $20.00 to Detroit.
From Geno to the Royal Festival Hall and One Day (nice comment DaveM) I have clunked along with Kevin and look forward to this in June
martin farnworth says:
blimey! 2 albums in 3 years. seriously though i half expected they might disappear into obscurity again.
Great news. Their last album, One Day I’m Going to Soar is the album of the decade for me so far.
Rich Morgan says:
Is Big Jim Patterson still involved? I haven’t seen his name mentioned.
Leave a Reply to Charles Hodgson Cancel reply
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Home / MLB / Milwaukee Brewers / Bullpen still needs an arm
Bullpen still needs an arm
By Dan Zielinski III
Besides the signing of Matt Garza, the Milwaukee Brewers have remained very quiet this offseason only signing a few veterans to minor-league deals. Although they have made several moves, they still need to sign a veteran relief pitcher to solidify their bullpen, and right-hander Luis Ayala is the answer.
Ayala, 36, is a veteran arm that has been relatively successful in his nine-year major league career coming out of the bullpen as a middle reliever. He has especially found success within the last three seasons.
From 2011-13, Ayala had only a 2.58 ERA in 164 innings, while inducing grounders at a 51.4 percent rate, and limiting homeruns to less than one per nine innings.
With the Atlanta Braves a year ago he had one of his best seasons going 1-1 with a 2.90 ERA in 37 games. He also made two appearances in the beginning of the season with the Baltimore Orioles.
For his career he has pitched for eight major league teams logging a 3.34 ERA and 367 strikeouts in 554.1 innings.
Another benefit Ayala brings to the table is his affordability. Last season he made only $1 million, and for the Brewers that would be a key factor in signing him because that will be the top of the line anyone should expect this aging veteran to receive.
Ayala has a track record of success at the major league level, and he would be an excellent fit to solidify the Brewers bullpen next season on an affordable, short-term deal.
Atlanta BravesBaltimore OriolesfeaturedLuis AyalaMilwaukee BrewersMLB
← Previous Story Brewers, Garza agree to a deal
Next Story → Brewers add veteran reliever
Dan Zielinski
At only $1mil per year, this seems like a no brainer.
Dan Zielinski III
Exactly they need to add some veteran experience to their young bullpen, and at an affordable price they can’t go wrong. Thank you for reading.
About Dan Zielinski III
My name is Dan Zielinski III and I have something to say. Welcome to my website, The 3rd Man In. This is where I dish out my own perspective on what's happening in the world of sports!
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BISX Q3, 2013 statistical report
BISX has announced its BISX All-Share Index and trading statistics for the nine-month period ending September 30, 2013, with comparison to the same period of 2012.
Mondo Visione
BISX is pleased to announce its BISX All-Share Index and trading statistics for the nine month period ending September 30, 2013, with comparison to the same period of 2012.
BISX ALL SHARE INDEX
For the nine month period ending September 30, 2013 the BISX All-Share Index closed at 1,406.38. This represents a year to date increase of 60.12 or 4.47.%. By comparison for the nine month period ending September 30, 2012 the BISX All-Share Index closed at 1,308.01. This represented a year to date decrease of 56.98 or 4.17%.
For the three month period from July 1, 2013 to September 30, 2013, the All-Share Index increased by 17.37 or 1.25%. By comparison, for the three month period from July 1, 2012 to September 30, 2012, the Index experienced a decrease of 3.53 or 0.27%. The BISX All-Share Index is a market capitalization weighted index comprised of all primary market listings excluding debt securities.
As at September 30, 2013 the market was comprised of 27 primary market listings with a market capitalization of $2.998 Billion. The primary market securities traded over BISX include 20 common share listings, 3 preference share listing and 4 tranches of debt.
COMPARISON OF BISX ALL SHARE INDEX TO INTERNATIONAL INDICES
Over the 9 month period January 1 to September 30, 2013, some international equity markets have experienced increases as indicated by the chart below:
Closing Date * MSCI Emerging Market Index * S&P 500 Index * FTSE 100 Index * BISX All Share Index
Dec 31, 2012 * 1,055.20 * 1,426.19 * 5,897.80 * 1,346.26
Sep 30, 2013 * 987.46 * 1,681.55 * 6,462.22 * 1,406.38
Percentage Change (+/-) * -6.42% * 17.91% * 9.57% * 4.47%
TRADING VOLUMES AND VALUES
Trading volume for the nine month period ending September 30, 2013 was 2,593,994.00 shares for a value of $11,502,887.78. Trading volume for the nine month period ending September 30, 2012 was 3,401,318 shares for a value of $15,159,585.10.
Trading volume for the three month period July 1, 2013 to September 30, 2013 was 940,320 for a value of $3,524,172.64. By comparison, for the three month period from July 1, 2012 to September 30, 2012 573,406 shares traded for a value of $2,980,673.45
AVERAGE DAILY VOLUME AND VALUE
For the nine month period ending September 30, 2013 the average daily trading volume was 13,266 shares which resulted in an average daily trading value of $64,035.03. By comparison for the six month period June 30, 2012 the average daily trading volume was 22,395 shares for an average value of $96,588.
During the three month period from July 1, 2013 to September 30, 2013, the average volume per trading day was 313,440 shares for a value of $1,174,724.21. By comparison, for the three month period from July 1, 2012 to September 30, 2012, the average volume per trading day was 17,965 shares for an average value of $80,219.
This is an excerpt from Mondo Visione as it appeared on January 6, 2014. For updates or to read the current version of this post in its entirety, please click here.
Continue reading this post >
BISX releases half-year trading stats
BISX releases Q1, 2014 Statistical Report
New Sponsor Member for BISX
Mutual Fund gets BISX listing
BISX release Q1 All-Share Index
Butterfield IPO shares priced at $23.50
New funds list on BISX – PDFs
First ICON listed on BISX
BISX lists Bahamas government stock Tranche 1 and 2
Commonwealth Bank lists preference shares on BISX
The Bahamas International Securities Exchange (BISX) has announced that Societe Generale Private Banking (Bahamas) Ltd has been approved as a BISX Sponsor Member for the listing of mutual funds on the exchange.
For the first time in 13 years, the LPGA tournament schedule is set to begin in January, and the 2014 slate couldn’t get started in a better place, amid the inviting tropical climate of The Bahamas.
Bahamas readies for LPGA tour opener
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Anna Marie Fizer
Anna Marie Fizer, 93, of Odessa died Feb. 18, 2010, at New Haven Nursing Home at Odessa. Funeral services were held Sunday at Ralph O. Jones Funeral Chapel at Odessa with the Rev. Terry Hodges officiating. Burial was in Odessa Cemetery.
Mrs. Fizer was born on March 18,1916, at Ernestville southwest of Concordia. She was the daughter of Charles and Mary Schnakenberg Lueck. She attended St. Paul's Lutheran School at Concordia. She married Martin Pragman in April 1933. She married John David "J.D." Fizer in June 1962. She moved from Independence to Odessa in 1999. She worked as a clothing sales clerk for Montgomery Ward in Blue Ridge Mall at Kansas City, retiring in 1998. She worked as a waitress while living at Harrisonville. She was a member of Noland Road Baptist Church at Independence and attended First Baptist Church at Odessa.
Mrs. Fizer is survived by one son, Jim Pragman of Blue Springs; two daughters, Joyce Kempton of Blue Springs and Mrs. Calvin (Jeanne) Soendker of Higginsville; a stepson, Ray Fizer of Odessa; two stepdaughters, Mrs. Bob (Becky) Barker of Pleasant Hill and Mrs. Dwayne (Judy) Keck of Odessa; 14 grandchildren; 25 great-grandchildren; and 13 great-great-grandchildren.
She was preceded in death by her husband, J.D., on Feb. 8, 1999; a son, Donald Pragman, on Feb. 2, 2000; and two granddaughters.
The pallbearers were Steve Pragman, Drew Pragman, Chris Berry, Justin Seevers, Robbie Banks, Jeremy Cusick and Deme Garcia.
The family suggests memorial contributions to Odessa Baptist church building fund.
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District sees spike in failing grades
by Chris Post/Managing Editor
Change is often difficult and when Concordia High School made a significant change to its daily schedule this year, district officials expected there to be some problems to resolve.
One of the most noticeable issues has been a surge in the number of students failing classes. During the first quarter 56 CHS students received a total of 123 F's. This was up from 27 students receiving 45 F's during the same period last year.
CHS Principal Troy Marnholtz said the number is alarming, but not unprecedented. In fact, a similar spike was seen in the 2009-2010 school year, which was the last time a significant change was made to the schedule.
The 2009 change saw students going to the same five classes every day for an entire semester. The new schedule has students attending a total of eight classes, but they alternate with students going to four classes every other day.
The alternating schedule is not new to Concordia's junior high students and the seventh and eighth grades account for only 15 of the 56 students currently failing a class. This year's senior class came through the junior high before the alternating schedule was adopted there, however, and has 13 of the failing students.
Marnholtz said there is some evidence students are adjusting to the change. Despite the high number of students failing at the end of the quarter, that number was actually an improvement from earlier in the year.
A survey of student grades on Aug. 29 showed 85 students -- 19 of the seniors -- accumulating a total of 153 F's. By Sept. 14, the number of students failing dropped to 70, but the total number of failing grades crept up slightly to 156.
In analyzing the data, it has been determined that 18 students (7.5 percent of the student body) account for 60 percent of the failing grades. He said included in that number are intentional nonlearners -- students who refuse to participate in their education despite the efforts of the staff.
"We have to look past those a little," he said, adding that some of these students might soon be leaving the district. "They're making other choices with their lives."
Marnholtz said while student performance does seem to be improving, district officials and teachers have been taking a critical look at the overall situation.
"We've had tough conversations about what we as a school need to do differently," he said. "We're evaluating what we're doing to see where changes can be made."
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Whitney Houston Tributes, Smash, TV on DVD - February 13, 2012
The big news of the entertainment world and even beyond just that genre has been the loss of Whitney Houston this weekend. I saw the story online on Saturday night and was shocked like everyone else. The outpouring of people sharing their memories of Whitney has been awesome. I've found myself watching these music video marathons that were ongoing on TV like a lot of people. I was amazed at some of the songs in the mid 90's that I had completely forgotten that she did. When I first started getting into mainstream music as a kid, I remember that "So Emotional" was a song that was in big time rotation. That video played a ton and I loved that song. Her legacy for me is always going to be that incredible rendition of the national anthem at the Super Bowl at the time of Desert Storm. She delivered this great powerhouse performance of it at a time when the country needed a huge patriotic moment like that. It was so good that they released it in stores to buy. How many times have you seen that happen? Whitney will be missed. I flipped over to VH1 Classic this weekend and also saw a Michael Jackson hour of videos on it. It just completely amazes me to think that Michael and Whitney are both gone. Just unreal. Last night's Grammy Awards paid tribute to Whitney Houston. Jennifer Hudson delivered such a classy performance of "I Will Always Love You" that just brought the house down. Everyone is still talking about it today. Great to see all the tributes to Whitney as she was a superstar for sure. She is going to be missed.
The Voice returns tonight on NBC at 7pm central time with its newest two hour episode. Love these audition round episodes. Following that is the new show, Smash which airs tonight at 9pm central time. Katharine McPhee has been all over the talk show circuit today including appearances on The Today Show and Live With Kelly. Randy Jackson guest co-hosted with Kelly Ripa today so it was a fun reunion seeing those two back together. If you haven't seen Smash, check it out. Katharine is great on this show.
Looking for some TV on DVD to get this week? Well, here are some of the releases coming to you on Valentine's Day. Family Matters (Season Two), Hawaii Five-0 (Season One on Blu-ray), JEM and The Holograms (Season Two).
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",""); }); Mightier than Metal, Sturdier than Concrete: Robert King and Albert Woodfox on the Struggle of the Angola 3 — The Main Museum
Mightier than Metal, Sturdier than Concrete: Robert King and Albert Woodfox on the Struggle of the Angola 3
All Beta Main programs are free.
Dr. Robert King and Albert Woodfox are the two surviving members of the Angola 3, the world-renowned trio of prison reform activists (Herman Wallace, died on October 4th, 2013, three days after his release) exonerated after enduring decades of solitary confinement at Louisiana State Penitentiary—the largest maximum-security prison in the U.S. and former slave plantation known as “Angola.”
King spent 29 1/2 years in solitary confinement before his release in 2001. Woodfox, the longest-serving prisoner to be held in solitary confinement in U.S. history, spent 43 years in solitary confinement before his release in 2016. Prior to their time in solitary confinement, King, Woodfox and Wallace jointly established a prison chapter of the Black Panther Party at Angola and led peaceful nonviolent protests against the racist and cruel conditions inflicted upon prisoners.
King and Woodfox will be discussing their experiences in an extended conversation about their campaign for the abolishment of solitary confinement and freedom for all political prisoners. Moderated by artist Rigo 23, long time supporter within the International Coalition to Free the Angola-3, this conversation will occur inside the exhibition Rigo 23: Ripples Become Waves. The exhibition takes its title from a quote by King, “The deeper they bury you, the louder your voice becomes. You throw pebbles into a pond, you get ripples; ripples become waves; the waves can become a tsunami.”
This program is open to all and is presented in conjunction with the exhibition Rigo 23: Ripples Become Waves. The exhibition will be open during the program. All Beta Main exhibitions and programs are FREE.
Dr. Robert King is a prison reform activist and the first of the Angola 3 to win his freedom after serving twenty-nine years in solitary confinement of a 31-year sentence. He was a member of the Black Panther Party in Angola, Louisiana, the only official chapter of the BPP in the country. In the seventeen years since his release in 2001, King’s life’s focus has been to campaign against abuses in the US criminal justice system, the cruel and unusual use of solitary confinement and for the freedom of the then remaining imprisoned, Angola 2, who are now all free. In 2012, King received an Honorary Doctor of Laws degree from Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK for his achievements as a civil rights campaigner and has traveled the world sharing his testimony with parliaments in Europe, Africa, and South America. He is the author of his autobiography, From the Bottom of the Heap.
Albert Woodfox is the last of the Angola 3 to be released. He was released on his birthday, February 19th, 2016 after his conviction had been overturned a total of three times, spanning the years between 1992-2015. Motivated by the many years it took to be heard, Albert has made a life-long commitment to continuing his activism and advocacy on behalf of all those wrongfully imprisoned due to the multiple abuses of the criminal justice system, prosecutorial misconduct, missing or false evidence, bad science, and racism. As a former member of the Black Panther Party he hopes to be a voice for the voiceless who suffer under brutal prison conditions. He is currently writing a book slated to publish late 2018.
Rigo 23 lives in Los Angeles and works globally. He has exhibited his work internationally for more than 20 years, placing murals, paintings, sculptures, and tile work in public situations where viewers are encouraged to examine their relationship to their community and their role as unwitting advocates of public policy. Rigo’s works live both as artworks and thoughtful public interventions and have been the subject of solo exhibitions at the Roy and Edna Disney/CalArts Theater (REDCAT) and the Fowler Museum at the University of California, Los Angeles; the New Museum and Artists Space, New York City; and the Museo de Arte Contemporanea, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. His work has been included in theKochi-Muziris Biennale, India; Aichi Triennial, Japan; Shenzhen Hong-Kong Bi-City Biennial of Urbanism and Architecture, China; Auckland Triennial, New Zealand; Lyon Biennale, France; 2006 Liverpool Biennial, United Kingdom; and 2004 California Biennial, among others. Rigo received his BFA from the San Francisco Art Institute and his MFA from Stanford University.
On Monday, April 9, 2018 Robert King and Albert Woodfox will also be in conversation at the Library Foundation of Los Angeles. More information here.
Tagged 2018 Program, Rigo, rigo
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How Britain Funded Possible War Crimes in Sri Lanka
4th April 2016 Karu SPECIAL NEWS, SRI LANKA NEWS, UK NEWS, Uncategorized 0
By Phil Miller:
In 2009, as the Sri Lankan civil war reached its bloody conclusion, David Miliband touched down in Colombo to appeal for peace. “Now is the time for the fighting to stop,” Miliband warned. “Protection of civilians is absolutely paramount in our minds.”
However, Miliband’s public plea stood in direct contrast to what his department was doing in private, secret Foreign Office documents seen by VICE can reveal. British aid to Sri Lanka helped set up a vigilante network that supplied police with intelligence at the height of a bloody government crack down. The documents show that the UK was aware of the risk of human rights abuses but continued nonetheless. This raises questions of British complicity in war crimes.
In 2008, the Sri Lankan Ministry of Defence “merged” a community policing project, that was being delivered by UK advisers, with civil defence activities which “involved forming unarmed youth vigilance groups to report on any suspicious items/people”.
At that time, Sri Lankan police were silencing government critics through assassinations, disappearances and torture, as the military carried out a massive offensive against Tamil rebels in the north, shelling schools and hospitals inside civilian safe zones.
As many as 146,000 Tamils disappeared in the final stages of the conflict, which become known as a “war without witnesses”, as media access was denied and outspoken Sri Lankan journalists were eliminated.
Although Britain has backed a UN investigation into credible allegations of war crimes committed during the civil war, the Foreign Office has spent years battling against Freedom of Information requests for details of British police assistance given to their Sri Lankan counterparts at the height of the dirty war against rebels and political opponents in 2008 and 2009.
First, the government told a court that no such documents existed. Then it released heavily censored copies, before accidentally sending out the original versions, revealing the details it had tried to cover up. VICE can now reveal these files for the first time.
They contain a string of reports from the shadowy Security Sector Development Advisory Team, a joint FCO, MOD and DFID unit, setting out plans to help Sri Lanka set up a form of “community based policing”.
At the time, Sri Lanka’s police were overseen by the President’s brother, defence secretary Gotabhaya Rajapaksa. According to the documents, he decided around July 2008 that “civil defence and longer term community based policing activities would need to be ‘merged’. The civil defence activities involved forming unarmed youth vigilance groups to report on any suspicious items/people and work closely with the Sri Lankan Police.”
The Foreign Office realised that British aid was being manipulated, noting that the Sri Lankan defence department “clearly consider that there is an overlap between the activities comprising civil defence and those which they view as community based policing”. However, the police aid project continued despite UK concerns about “a veneer of community based policing being used to cover less palatable behaviour”.
Thousands of Civil Defence Committees or CDCs, comprised of local people, provided intelligence to the police. Sri Lankan media later reported the Defence Secretary as saying that “the modern ‘community police’ concept was introduced to Sri Lanka as CDCs [which] were used effectively particularly during the final phase of the war to enhance vigilance among communities.” Although he claimed the vigilantes foiled bomb plots in the capital, several journalists including an Associated Press photographer complained of harassment from Civil Defence Committees members as early as February 2008.
“Community police” initiatives may sound fairly benign, but not in this context: at the time, Sri Lanka was a war-torn country where the majority Sinhalese population was carrying out a genocidal assault on the minority Tamil people. “In every respect, the Civil Defence Committees (CDC) were a mass intelligence network, which effectively converted the Sinhala civilian population into state spies. The true objective of the plan was to re-organise the civilians as vigilance groups that can function parallel to the official state intelligence bodies”, said Bashana Abeywardane, an exiled Sri Lankan journalist who now coordinates the press freedom group Journalists for Democracy in Sri Lanka.
By mid-2008, the Foreign Office noted that there were “increasing restrictions on freedom of expression, including abductions and disappearances”, referring to the escalating attacks on journalists in Sri Lanka. The files said that these activities “are claimed to be linked to the Secretary of Defence”, the man who controlled the police force that Britain was aiding. The Foreign Office originally tried to censor this comment, probably because it shows they knowingly continued to work with people they suspected of being rights abusers.
The UK carried on its community policing project in Sri Lanka even after the outspoken editor of the Sunday Leader newspaper, Lasantha Wickrematunge, was assassinated by unidentified gunmen in January 2009. His murder muzzled other critics of the government’s war and highlighted the dire state of press freedom in Sri Lanka, as the fighting in the north climaxed.
Abeywardene said that people arrested as a result of intelligence gathered by CDC members were routinely tortured, raising serious questions about British complicity. “The Sri Lankan government expected CDC members to spy on their neighbours and report back to police, which included the powers to carry out random ID checks in their neighbourhoods. If someone considered as suspicious was reported or handed over to the police by the CDC, he or she will be taken into Terrorism Investigation Division custody where they would be detained and tortured.”
The UK Foreign Office was well aware that it risked working with human rights abusers; however, it did not rule out using one of the island’s most violent paramilitary groups as a source of recruits for community policing. A censored part of one document shows British officials felt that “the suggestion of employing ex-TMVP combatants as policemen in the East remains contentious and would require sophisticated vetting mechanisms to avoid those against whom there are allegations of human rights abuses being sent to promote community based policing.” The TMVP was a government-backed militia, led by a renegade Tamil colonel, that was accused of killings and abductions.
The documents don’t give any indication as to why Britain would want to support this genocidal regime. However, a speech by then UK defence secretary Liam Fox in 2011 could give us a clue. “Sri Lanka has a role to play in maintaining the international stability and security that, as an open, trading nation, Britain’s national interest requires”, Liam Fox told an audience in Colombo. “Sri Lanka is located in a pivotal position in the Indian Ocean with major international shipping routes between the Far East and the Gulf within 25 miles of your coast”.
Our investigation has also found that Britain continued to work with Sri Lanka’s police chief, Jayantha Wickramaratna, advising his officers about intelligence-gathering techniques, even though the Foreign Office did not trust him. One document reveals that UK advisers “congratulated the new [Inspector General of Police] on his appointment”, but they tried to censor the fact that they had a “lack of confidence in his trustworthiness”. Wickramaratna, who was appointed head of police in 2008, was well known to British authorities. He had previously visited Scotland for the first stage of the community policing project in 2007.
Staff from the Scottish Police College travelled to Sri Lanka to continue the work with Wickramaratna and his colleagues. David Garbutt, a former director of the Scottish Police College, told VICE that the training he delivered to Sri Lankan officers was “based on the National Intelligence Model (NIM), which provides community data to support the principles of community policing.”
The National Intelligence Model is used by British police forces for gathering vast amounts of information on criminal suspects, crimes and communities at local, regional and national levels. Dr Robin Fletcher, an ex-Metropolitan police Detective Superintendent, says that the model “always has the potential to be misused” in the wrong hands. “It gathers masses and masses of intelligence…for example where did he go shopping? Who did he meet?” This information was being used by a police force that was tracking down critical journalists and anyone who sheltered them.
To reiterate, just because it was called “community policing” doesn’t mean the British government was training Sri Lankan cops in stuff like fines for littering or shutting down noisy parties. One British adviser noted ominously that the term Community Based Policing was “being used for all manner of activities”. The Foreign Office itself was concerned that Sri Lankan police might be receiving too much intelligence training from UK staff. One report, written by a Foreign Office adviser, claims that Garbutt promised to train the Sri Lankan police in using powerful i2 intelligence software. This technology allows authorities to build sophisticated databases of suspects and their associates. A senior Sri Lankan police officer, who had previously served in a notorious counter-terrorism unit, “was particularly interested in training to use the i2 software, which I understand had been promised to them by David Garbutt”, according to the document.
The Foreign Office adviser commented that, “Whilst intelligence-led policing is a key component of a preventive approach, thought should be given as to whether this might be used for political aims and consequently whether HMG [Her Majesty’s Government] would wish to be associated with such assistance.” However Garbutt told VICE that although he discussed the i2 product with the Sri Lankans, he did not offer to deliver them i2 training.
Another document shows that some staff teaching community policing did have significant experience in intelligence. An email written by Britain’s defence attaché in Colombo reveals that the British instructors included “some excellent ex-Special Branch” officers, whose visit to Sri Lanka “tied into work done by the Scottish Police College and other consultants on the theme of Community Policing”. Home Office guidelines say that “the primary function of Special Branch is covert intelligence work in relation to national security”. The defence attaché wanted a highly experienced officer to visit Sri Lanka, saying that “we tried for Ronnie Flanagan but couldn’t get him”. Flanagan was a former Chief Constable of the Royal Ulster Constabulary and head of its Special Branch in Northern Ireland during the British state’s war against the IRA.
An “Intelligence and Security Adviser” was also among the British staff who visited Sri Lanka in 2009, raising further questions about the extent of intelligence advice given to Sri Lanka during its crackdown. The adviser, Peter Wilson, ran a private security consultancy and claims that his “early career was with the British Diplomatic Service, specialising in national security matters.” Wilson met with Sanjaya Colonne, head of the Office of Strategic Affairs in Sri Lanka’s Ministry of Defence, who reported to the defence secretary Gotabhaya Rajapaksa. According to the files, Wilson “pursued the possibility of meetings” for Colonne with MI5 in London at the end of the war.
Wilson was among British staff who secretly met Sanjaya Colonne in Sri Lanka in February 2009, when Tamil rebels were almost defeated and the UN was warning that hundreds of thousands of civilians were trapped and under fire. While the FCO had admitted the possibility of working with human rights abusers, the minutes of this meeting barely comment on the atrocities that have shocked the international community, simply noting that the Sri Lankan government “continue to make military progress against the LTTE [Tamil Tiger rebels].”
As civilians fleeing the conflict zone were herded into barbed wire internment camps, minutes from the meeting with Colonne note that the Sri Lankan authorities were “very much alive to the problem of administering the territories they had gained.”
During this meeting, the British advisers “discussed the possibility of sharing UK experience on policing and governance in post-conflict areas.” Later that month, a pair of senior Northern Irish police commanders were sent to Sri Lanka as “critical friends”, ostensibly to help with the community policing project. However, both officers had extensive counter-terrorism expertise and VICE has now learnt that they actually undertook some work in relation to public order provision (i.e. riot control) in Sri Lanka.
These revelations stand in stark contrast to the public position of the British government at the time of the war. The then-Foreign Secretary David Miliband visited Sri Lanka in April 2009 and called for an immediate ceasefire to protect civilians at risk from shelling. The secret files show an alarming level of clandestine UK support for the Sri Lankan authorities. British security advisers continued to visit Sri Lanka during the final fortnight of fighting in May 2009 when civilian casualties climaxed at around a thousand deaths a day. Even at that point, the files show that extra UK security cooperation was arranged, despite the FCO noting that there was “sustained harassment of the media.”
Underlining just how cosy the relationship was, weeks after the war ended, UK civil servants paid for flights and accommodation for Colonne and his wife to come to London. They were even taken out for dinner in London at taxpayer’s expense.
However, the Foreign Office still insists that British aid improved human rights in Sri Lanka. Responding to our investigation, an FCO spokesperson said:
“We are committed to improving human rights in Sri Lanka and continue to fund a range of projects including on issues such as women’s rights and police training and reform.
“UK experts provided advice and training to the Sri Lankan Police to improve human rights through a project in 2008 and have continued with this work since then.
“The Prime Minister has recently announced a further £6.6million of funding to support further work in Sri Lanka, promoting reconciliation, accountability and human rights.”(Vice)
President declares open Jetwing Jaffna hotel
Prabhakaran Was Buried, Says SF
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Losing Santhia, part two: from cubs to Tigers
30th July 2018 Karu LATEST UPDATES, SRI LANKA NEWS, Uncategorized, WORLD NEWS 0
https://redflag.org.au/node/6442
In October 2017, Santhia, a former high ranking cadre of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (“Homelands”), died in a Jakarta hospital. She was only 42. Almost a decade earlier, she had fled Sri Lanka, via Tamil Nadu, India, with her young son. She had tried to reach Australia, but was stranded in Indonesia.
Sponsored by the Tamil Refugee Council, Red Flag editor Ben Hillier travelled to Sri Lanka and Indonesia in November to piece together her story. Santhia’s life was extraordinary yet common; her fate bound to the decades-long national liberation struggle of the Tamils.
This is part two in a continuing series. Part one can be found here.
Along the Pannai causeway linking Jaffna peninsula with Mandaitivu and Kayts islands, egrets, black-headed ibises and Eurasian wigeons bathe in the shallows of the Palk Strait, which stretches to Tamil Nadu, India. “They have no passport or visa”, the translator says. “But they have more freedom than we do.” Santhia spent part of her childhood around here, in the surrounds of the sky blue St Mary’s church, one of three Catholic congregations on Kayts. The scars of war remain in abandoned and overgrown houses, some just skeletons of their former homeliness.
In nearby Jaffna town, shells hang from a beam on Pakkiyawathy’s veranda. They are supposed to bring good fortune. As with hundreds of thousands of others, her life was disrupted by the war. When the Sri Lankan military attacked and retook Jaffna in 1995 after five years of Tiger rule, she fled occupied Kayts, heading south-east to Kilinochchi. Pakkiyawathy later returned to Jaffna, but after a few years again moved east, finding herself in Mullaitivu in 2008-09, where the genocidal slaughter reached its apogee.
Today, she is settled in a pink abode with a Calicut tile roof, a stone’s throw from one of the city’s many Hindu temples. In the front room, a portrait of Santhia sits on a neat, polished wood cabinet. Pakkiyawathy is Santhia’s aunt, but was given the baby to raise – a gift and a responsibility. She speaks with love of a child who always shared her food and was a good student and a teacher to her friends.
Was she rebellious? Stubborn? No. “When she was a teenager, she was still a child, always smiling and laughing”, her cousin says. Yet the military’s intrusions took their toll. Santhia was still in high school when she joined the Tigers, undergoing months of training in a rudimentary camp.
The LTTE was a logical outgrowth of several political developments.
First were the chauvinist policies of successive Sri Lankan governments. From the moment of independence from British rule in 1948, they constructed a state privileging the Sinhalese-Buddhist ethnic majority.
Second was a pathetic Tamil parliamentary opposition in Colombo – beggars for a slice of the island’s pie, who offered only crumbs to their constituents. Their lobbying for equal rights, federalism or autonomy could not stall the increasing scope of national oppression, the extreme form of which was codified in the country’s 1972 constitution. It repealed minority protections, made it a duty of the state to “foster Buddhism” and ominously changed the country’s name from Ceylon to Sri Lanka. As the late international relations scholar Fred Halliday wrote a year earlier:
“Sri Lanka means ‘Holy Ceylon’ and designates precisely the messianic chauvinism that is inseparable from Buddhism in the island. For religiosity and racism cannot be dissociated in Ceylon: the local brand of Theravada Buddhism claims, much like Judaism, that the Sinhalese are a ‘chosen people’ and that Ceylon is their sacred island, divinely elected to its unique historical and spiritual destiny by Buddha himself. This wretched mystification naturally excludes the Tamils and other minorities from any equal role in national life.”
Third was the large southern Marxist parties’ failure to take the Tamil national question seriously or, worse, their capitulation to or embrace of Sinhalese chauvinism. The exploited and impoverished Sinhalese in the south of the island should have been natural allies of the Tamil population. But their leaders never mobilised them in solidarity with their oppressed brothers and sisters.
From the early 1970s, northern radicals could count not one reliable political partner on the island. So they turned to armed struggle, determined to establish a state of their own – Tamil Eelam – in which they would rule themselves.
Unemployed and landless Sinhalese were roused to religious fervour by demagogic monks – paupers used as settler battalions in colonisation schemes designed to alter the demography of Tamil majority areas. The aim was to reduce Tamil political representation, to take over fertile areas, undermining the economic position of Tamil fishers and farmers, and to interrupt the contiguity of Tamil homelands to counter the geographic case for a separate state of Eelam.
Sinhalese mobs were also mobilised in pogroms claiming thousands of lives and properties. The 1983 Black July binge of violence, rape and plunder stands out, forcing hundreds of thousands of southern Tamils to flee.
LTTE training camps now expanded, a restive and disorganised population requiring little convincing of the separatist argument. After almost four decades of Sinhalese and state political and physical violence, the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, led by Velupillai Prabhakaran, became the ascendant political force in the north and east. Tiger guerrillas were hegemonic among the armed factions and challenged the Sri Lankan military in battle after battle.
The young Tigers matured, founding a de facto state with an administrative centre in Kilinochchi town and a military stronghold in Mullaitivu district. Guerrilla action remained a feature of the struggle, but they now were a semi-conventional military with a commando unit – the Black Tigers, which Santhia would later lead.
“She went to school in the morning, came home, ate her favourite meal, then left the house and joined them”, Pakkiyawathy says with pride. The warm hospitality characteristic of this part of the world – creamy soda on a silver tray, invitations to eat – is served with absences difficult to digest. Her eyes, fastened to the questions, are dams holding back a deluge. Yet they swell. They breach. Rivers of anguish now flow. Scarcely a week separated word of a surrogate daughter’s passing from news of her own father’s death.
Near a small village to the south, Adampan in Mannar district, female Tiger guerrillas first engaged the Sri Lankan military in 1986. The Women’s Front of the Liberation Tigers was established three years earlier. Young women had demanded their right to self-defence against military atrocities and the anti-Tamil pogroms.
Trained in the jungles of southern India, the combatants at Adampan, led by regional commander lieutenant colonel Victor and fighting alongside their male comrades, ravaged an army search and destroy mission. It was a pivotal moment, leading to a women’s training camp being founded in Jaffna the following year.
Vetrichelvi, also a Tiger and a friend of Santhia, recounts the turmoil. In 1987-90, the Indian Army – misnamed the Indian Peace Keeping Force – occupied Tamil Eelam to help the Sri Lankan government quell the separatist movement. She faced constant displacement. “I moved schools 11 times in three years because of the local war. Twice we shifted to India”, she says.
Vetrichelvi joined the LTTE in 1991, a couple of years before Santhia. She too was in high school. “We joined the LTTE because we wanted to bring the war to an end”, she says. “We wanted to get our liberation in a short time. Such a terrible country we lived in. The security forces were terrible to us. We didn’t know when they would come, when they would attack. Often we couldn’t sleep. We were going to suffer anyway, so why not fight?”
The LTTE women’s wing was controversial. Tamil society was, and remains, conservative, women’s roles generally fastened to family life. The entrance of women into the guerrilla struggle generated both resistance and debate. But, analogous to the situation faced by leaders of industrial economies, an advanced guard recognised that expansion requires the mobilisation of “the other half” of the population. Social barriers were broken as a matter of necessity. Perhaps one-third of all LTTE soldiers were women by the turn of the century.
“Early Tamil literature is full of episodes which glorify the selfless, sacrificing mothers and wives encouraging bravery and heroism in their sons and husbands”, Adelle Ann, an Australian nurse who played a leading role in the Tigers, wrote in 1993. “But there is a studied silence on women in combat. The Women’s Military Unit of Liberation Tigers has changed all that; they have altered the trajectory of Tamil history and introduced a radical new dimension into the history of Tamil women.”
Integration into a hierarchical military was hardly liberation. Life was regimented within a command structure under Prabhakaran’s unchallenged authority. There was no Tiger democracy. In the West, Ann was criticised for promoting a nationalist feminism reinforcing “existing patterns of gender construction”. Some criticisms were valid. But women former soldiers speak of the confidence gained through the struggle, fighting side by side with their male comrades and winning their respect. They made tangible gains through brute force, rather than by retreating to safe territory. Under the circumstances, this was no small feat.
Vetrichelvi’s story embodies the contradictions. Her brother, also a Tiger and concerned for her safety, didn’t want Vetrichelvi in the military wing of the organisation. So she joined the army band as a drummer. Two years later, her right arm was blown off below the elbow – a misfire during weapons training in Mullaitivu. She willed herself a journalist and writer, taking duties in the Tiger’s propaganda radio unit, Voice of the Tigers, as an announcer and producer before joining the board of censors for LTTE TV. Though a non-combatant, each role challenged existing sensibilities.
Today, Vetrichelvi is back in the Adampan area, in the family home next to a vast paddy field. Short, bespectacled and full of cheer, she is a survivor, talking nonchalantly of overcoming life’s obstacles as a matter of course, everything an exercise in adaptation. The exceptional here is normal. She is famous for penning a trilogy of books: about the Tigers, the final days of the war and life in an internment camp, which was her lot for a year after war’s end, before undergoing a “rehabilitation program”.
Like others, she remains under surveillance; the Criminal Investigation Department will be informed of today’s visit. Unlike others, these days she doesn’t worry about being bundled into one of their white vans and taken for interrogation or worse. She had numerous run-ins with them because of her books. Her high profile is a deterrent to mistreatment.
“Santhia was one of my best friends”, she says, relating background to her comrade’s upbringing before stopping abruptly, determined to prevent clouds of grief from blocking her sunny disposition. Sensing that the emotional storm has passed, she continues. “She was like a mother to the women soldiers.” Despite the gains, traditional labels are hard to shake.
Sri Lanka’s Successive Genocides Against Tamils
Alleged youth abduction case Two Navy Officers allowed bail
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Three Roos Receive All-WAC Tournament Nods
UMKC Athletics 4-30-2019
DENVER, Colo. – The UMKC men’s and women’s tennis teams had three players named to the 2019 All-WAC Tournament Team, the conference announced today. Ben Stride notches spots on both singles and doubles play with partner Diego Giraldo joining him for doubles competition while Thanushree Vale secures a position on the women’s side for singles play.
Stride, a graduate student from Bognor Regis, England, won the only point for UMKC in the semifinals round against New Mexico State, defeating his opponent 6-3, 3-6, 6-0 in the No. 2 hole.
Giraldo, a sophomore from Medellin, Colombia, secured a victory with Stride in the No. 1 hole against Seattle U during the quarterfinals match-up. Stride and Giraldo defeated their opponent with a set score of 6-3 in the doubles outing.
Vale, a junior from Chennai, India, overwhelmed both of her match-ups in the No. 6 spot, winning with scores of 7-5, 6-4 and 6-4, 7-6. Vale earned her second All-WAC Tournament Team award for the Roos with the last one occurring in 2018.
Both squads were knocked out of the conference tournament this year in the WAC Semifinals by No. 2 New Mexico State. The women were looking for a three peat at the tournament while the men’s side looked to claim conference glory for the first time since 2017.
For more information on UMKC tennis, like us on Facebook and follow us on Twitter and Instagram.
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Women's Tennis 2019 Season Recap
Roos Comeback Flurry Falls Short Against New Mexico State in WAC Semifinals
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By : Wire Report
Tags:AIDS, coming out, evolution, film, Flatiron Books, gay, good, life, love, man, New York, openly gay, winner, women
New York (AP) – At a cafe the other day, Joel Grey was drawn to an item on the menu that was both confusing and intriguing.
He called over a waiter and asked: “What is this thing? The herbed goat cheese with chili flakes and pomegranate syrup?” The waiter was stumped. “OK, I’m going to take a chance,” said the Tony-and Oscar-winning actor.
Grey, 83, was in high spirits this day, which marked the publication of his memoir, “Master of Ceremonies.” For a performer who hid who he was for decades, Grey is now unburdened and emboldened.
“Let’s put it this way: I really feel good. But I have been feeling good for a long time. I don’t think I could have written this book if I’d had axes to grind,” he said. “I don’t like that in a book.”
The memoir traces his childhood in Cleveland, his rise as a nightclub performer and his breakthrough both on stage and film as the creepy Emcee with rouged cheeks and cupid’s-bow lips in “Cabaret.”
It also examines his 24-year marriage to actress Jo Wilder and a long internal struggle with his attraction to men, which triggered feelings of self-loathing and proved his mother’s love was not unconditional.
Grey, who loved men and women, tentatively calls himself a “closeted bisexual” but language comes up short: “I never really thought that any of the names were exactly right for me,” he said.
A complex portrait emerges of Grey in black and white. He reveals he’s had a nose job, slept with a stripper, fought with legendary director Bob Fosse and once lugged his dirty laundry on a plane.
“I’m not that good. I’m just like the rest of you,” he said. “Maybe worse.”
Colin Dickerman, the editorial director of the Macmillan division Flatiron Books, which published the 230-page book, said it’s not a tell-all or a collection of funny stories, but an attempt to explore the roots of the man behind some beloved characters.
“He wanted to be as honest as he could be and I think the book really reflects that,” said Dickerman. “It really goes into some personal places and I think does so remaining incredibly respectful to everyone in his life.”
Grey’s story also mirrors the evolution of American entertainment, from vaudeville to nightclubs to Broadway and Hollywood, weaving both his personal and professional lives. It reaches a peak in 1985 when Grey started thinking about coming out while starring in the AIDS play The Normal Heart.
The book was written over 2 1/2 years with the help of Rebecca Paley and Grey consulted with his brother and his daughter – “Dirty Dancing” star Jennifer Grey – on parts of the manuscript. He said he was inspired, in part, by reading Andre Agassi’s very honest 2010 memoir, Open: An Autobiography.
“I didn’t see that I could tell the story of my career and not my life because they were so intertwined. And I also saw myself as maybe an example and maybe, in some small way, helping one person,” he said. “I like that idea.”
Grey writes that he was attracted to boys as early as 8 – one of his first crushes was a 16-year-old bellboy – but being openly gay wasn’t an option. Physical violence and closed doors would have been his life.
“The price was very high,” he said. “There would be no career. Look how long it’s even taken for there to be a few out gay people. In the last 10 years, maybe. The last five, maybe.”
His embrace of his sexuality was also complicated by the fact that he desperately wanted to be a father. “It was something I was meant to do along with acting. However, it was a strange time,” he said. “Now gay people are having babies all over the place.”
Grey has since forgiven his mother, restored cordial relations with his ex-wife and is next focusing on his fifth book of photographs. The parts of his life that were volatile and complicated have gone.
“It seems to have all very much quieted down,” he said with a wry smile.
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Tim ChavezMy favorite memory was going to the #RedShirtDay at Magic Kingdom with a group wearing our custom red “It’s All... Jul 17, 10:59 AM
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Board index Trails and Trail Conditions NorthEast
Craftsbury, VT
New England States, NY and anyplace else east of the Mississippi
LewLasher
Location: Stowe, Vermont
Post by LewLasher » Wed Dec 17, 2008 9:21 am
Somehow I've managed to go this long without a write-up about Craftsbury.
Craftsbury is one of the best places for cross-country skiing in New England, with a large network of well-designed trails, a snow-rich climate, attractive scenery, and dedicated staff.
None of that, however, is new. What is new is that Craftsbury might be getting even better, with new owners who are reorganizing the Craftsbury Outdoor Center as a non-profit.
The purchasers are Dick Dreissigacker and his wife Judy Geer, who live in Morristown, Vermont and have a second home in Craftsbury. Dick Dreissigacker, a 1972 Olympic rower, co-founded (together with his brother) the Concept2 company, which makes indoor rowing machines. I met, and skied with, Judy when she used to be the section chief for the Stowe/Morristown section of the Catamount Trail. I assume that these folks are related to Ethan Dreissigacker, who is very competitive these days in youth biathlon.
The current management staff are being retained. So far, the most prominent change is that prices have been cut. Trail passes are now $10 ($5 for students and senior citizens). Season passes are $50 for an adult, $25 for students and seniors, $100 for a family. Another change is a closer relationship between the Craftsbury Outdoor Center and the Craftsbury Nordic Ski Club.
The non-profit structure follows the successful model of the Jackson (New Hampshire) Ski Touring Foundation.
Getting back to all the good things I said, above, about Craftsbury. These are not new, but, for people who don't live/ski in New England, it may be news to you.
The Craftsbury Outdoor Center is located in the rural town of Craftsbury. It's a bit more remote (and trickier to find) than most cross-country centers in Vermont. By comparison, the Trapp Family Lodge in Stowe is about 15 miles from the interstate, but Craftsbury is 35-40 miles from an interstate highway. The town of Craftsbury is not exactly jam-packed with motels, having only a handful of lodging/dining options. The Craftsbury Outdoor Center itself offers basic lodging that includes 3 meals. (The facilities were once a boarding school, the Cutler Academy.) The new owners may, in the future, offer additional, more upscale, lodging in a trailside renovated farmhouse that was part of their purchase deal.
The terrain in Craftsbury is skier-friendly rolling hills, avoiding the "one big hill" problem that plagues mountainside areas such as Stowe. Closest to the ski touring center, a little twisty maze of trails winds up and down and around and around. The further-flung - but well-marked - trails traverse a diverse landscape of forests, meadows, lakes, and settled areas. (I'm not sure if the total trail system is really the claimed 85 km - I'm suspicious that there may be some double-counting of overlapping trail routes - but it's big enough.) The longest trail, and my favorite, the 17 km, appropriately named "Grand Tour", seems less like a trail, and more like skiing across the countryside to the next village, as perhaps in Norway. There is also a trail that connects to another touring center, the Highland Lodge in the neighboring town of Greensboro (I think that, for a modest fee, the Craftsbury folks will drop you off at the Highland Lodge so you can ski it one-way.) Also, Craftsbury is situated along Vermont's statewide Catamount Trail.
The biggest event on Craftsbury's calendar is the annual Craftsbury Marathon (now the "TD Banknorth Craftsbury Marathon"), part of the American Ski Marathon Series, with the 29th edition to take place on January 31, 2009. There are 50 km and 25 km classic races, and, new for 2009, a relay team event. There is also a non-competitive 25 km tour with premium food offerings.
Last edited by LewLasher on Wed Dec 14, 2011 5:03 pm, edited 1 time in total.
Here's an example of what's good about Craftsbury
Post by LewLasher » Wed Dec 17, 2008 10:05 am
Here's a story about the staff at Craftsbury from approximately 1990. I was on a ski trip, staying in central Vermont (not at Craftsbury). As luck would have it, the weather turned to rain. I called around to see if conditions were any better at cross-country centers in northern Vermont. Trapp's said that it wasn't worth my while to travel there. The folks at Craftsbury said that they weren't charging for skiing, given their conditions that day, but added "we're all going over to Lake Willoughby," where, some 20 miles east of Craftsbury, they found a snow pocket. They had brought over their grooming equipment and set tracks in the state forest there. I took down the directions over the phone, and it was undoubtedly the best skiing that day anywhere in Vermont (well, except perhaps at Prospect Mountain, which always reports excellent conditions). Anyway, it shows that the Craftsbury folks were more interested in skiing than in making a quick buck.
Post by LewLasher » Sat Feb 21, 2009 9:29 pm
First time skiing at Craftsbury since the change in management. Everything is still the same, including the excellent trail grooming. Only difference is that they lowered the trail fee (now $10).
Also a good place to stay ... and eat
Post by LewLasher » Fri Feb 04, 2011 11:13 pm
I'm up in Craftsbury with a group of 6 people for a 3-day weekend. This is my first time staying on the premises. The accommodations aren't fancy, but it's really nice to go downstairs and find corduroy running right up to the building. Also, even though we haven't spent a lot of time socializing with the other inmates, there's something nice about staying somewhere where everyone is there for cross-country skiing.
The food is pretty good, too. The lodging plan includes 3 meals per day - and some of us are getting bag lunches tomorrow so we can go out on an all-day tour without returning to the dining hall for lunch. The meals are served cafeteria-style, but the quality is above average for a cafeteria. They have an interesting mix of earthy-crunchy (Vermont stereotype) vegetarian and traditional comfort food. For example, last night's dinner included both roast beef and a tempeh dish. For lunch today, there was something involving seitan and also BBQ pork.
Lodging reservations taken a year in advance
Post by LewLasher » Mon Dec 12, 2011 5:33 pm
While noticing Craftsbury's early opening this season (on manmade snow), I also noticed on their Web site that they are now taking lodging reservations, a year in advance, for the 2012-2013 season!
I'm sure they aren't totally booked for the upcoming 2011-2012 season, but, I guess if you wanted to stay there for Christmas or President's Day, you probably have to plan ahead. Especially if you want to rent one of the small number of private cabins or multi-bedroom suites.
In fact, today was the first today to make reservations for 2012-2013 if you were a first-time customer. If you were a repeat customer (i.e., if you already had your reservation for this current/upcoming season) then you had a head start: you could have made your year-in-advance reservation 4 days ago.
2011-2012 expansion to include former Highland Lodge trails
Post by LewLasher » Wed Dec 14, 2011 5:09 pm
(I posted this in another topic, but I'm including it here in the Craftsbury topic for future reference:)
When the Highland Lodge closed, Craftsbury stepped in to maintain and groom a portion of the Highland Lodge network, and to staff the former Highland Lodge touring center on weekends and holidays. The details have not yet been fully clarified, and it also remains to be seen who buys the property formerly owned by the Highland Lodge, but it looks like a good bet that there will still be groomed skiing in Greensboro.
With the addition of the Highland Lodge trails, Craftsbury will almost certainly have the largest groomed trail network in Vermont, and possibly the largest in New England.
Craftsbury keeps getting better than ever
Post by LewLasher » Sun Dec 14, 2014 2:44 pm
It's been a while since I updated this. The season's pass, which I just got, is still $50. (To quote a skit from Saturday Night Live: how low are our prices? They are 'Sofa King' low ...)
I don't think I mentioned their snowmaking, which has been in place for at least a few years. Their snowmaking equipment is only near the touring center, but then they spread the snow around to other trails.
This year they are operating in their new, expanded touring center, which also has a fitness center (they moved the equipment that used to be in the basement of their overnight accommodations). And restrooms. And showers.
Craftsbury is now the de facto operator of the former Highland Lodge trails, so, with the combined trails, they probably have the largest network of groomed trails in Vermont, if not all of New England. It's hard to get an exact total, because the trail map gives the lengths for loops, which overlap.
The connecting trail to the Highland Lodge trails is groomed once a week, snow permitting. They have a free shuttle, so that you don't have to spot cars. So you can do a 20 km one-way tour. (Tip: it's a lot more downhill if you start at the Highland Lodge.)
The one thing I'm still waiting for - because they announced it last year - is the development of a new trailhead + pub + community center in Craftsbury Village in what used to be the Craftsbury Inn. It's about 7 km from the touring center (which would make it about 13 km from the Highland Lodge). Right now you can stop at one of the two "general stores" in the village, but the new facility would be a welcome addition.
Article about Craftsbury in Stowe Reporter, 8 Jan 2015
Post by LewLasher » Thu Jan 08, 2015 1:26 pm
Ex-Olympians find a winning formula
By Andrew Nemethy
Dick Dreissigacker and Judy Geer have devoted much of their life to an esoteric world of racing sculls and shells, strokes and oars. They never figured they’d end up being philanthropists, let alone overseeing one of Vermont’s most iconoclastic and best-known outdoor centers.
But passion sometimes leads to strange and wonderful places, and that is where they are today.
The pair are elite rowers who competed in the Olympics, married in 1985 and settled down in Morrisville, where Dreissigacker and his brother Peter founded the highly successful business Concept 2 in 1976.
The company makes high-tech carbon-fiber oars and blades whose revolutionary design now dominate the world of competitive rowing. Their ergonomic rowing machines created a new fitness and training category and spawned a new world of indoor rowing competition.
But the athletic couple — Geer was the sixth employee to join Concept 2 — found that, once they had kids, the realm of water in its frozen form took on an increasing role in their lives. Their three children, Hannah, Emily and Ethan, took to Nordic skiing and grew up training and racing in the programs on the extensive trails at the Craftsbury Outdoor Center.
Dreissigacker, who went to Brown, and Geer, a Dartmouth grad, also were guest coaches at sculling camps on Lake Hosmer, and Craftsbury became an integral part of a family life often focused on athletics and the Vermont outdoors. As Geer says, expressing her fondness for Craftsbury, “it was incredibly wonderful, the things our kids had growing up.”
But in about 2005, that all seemed in flux. The outdoor center’s founder, Russell Spring, looked for an exit strategy after three decades overseeing the extensive operations.
“We wanted to see it continue,” says Geer. “Russell was getting older, so we began a conversation with the Springs about it, visiting the future together.”
As she puts it, “we came to pretty much a shared vision,” and in 2008, Dreissigacker and Geer bought the Craftsbury Outdoor Center, lock, stock and unique Vermont vibe: Trails and snow-groomers, docks and cabins, touring center and ramshackle old farmhouse office, rustic weatherbeaten dorms (which once hosted boarding students in a previous life as Cutler Academy), dining hall, and lakeside frontage on Lake Hosmer and around 130 acres, all surrounded by the renowned vistas of the town of Craftsbury’s rolling farmlands and forests.
‘A wonderful crew’
Despite being 2 twisting dirt-road miles off the asphalt in far northeastern Vermont, in its nearly four decades Craftsbury developed passionate fans who cherish its unvarnished edges and reputation as a place run by athletes for outdoor enthusiasts of all ages and stripes.
Ski director John Broadhead, Pepa Miloucheva, the competitive ski director, and runner and trail grooming wizard Keith Woodard are just a few of the well-known names in Nordic ski circles associated with Craftsbury.
“We have a wonderful crew,” says Geer, “people who think it’s fun to wake up in the middle of the night and make snow.”
When Dreissigacker and Geer bought the outdoor center, it wasn’t really as a new business venture, though 50 to 60 people work full- and part-time there.
“We had the concept of a nonprofit, and we were in a place where we could make that happen,” says Geer. “We did it because Craftsbury has been this wonderful place for our family.”
It has been a handful, admits Dreissigacker, who laughs as he says, “What did I get myself into?” But six years into their tenure, their philanthropic ideas continue to percolate not only at the center but through the community.
With its helter-skelter layout, rough-hewn sheds, old farm equipment and grooming gear scattered around, Craftsbury will never be mistaken for a glitzy resort — and that is its quintessential Vermont charm. Hearty home-cooked food, simple accommodations and unpretentious atmosphere are married to a fanatical focus on trail grooming and providing high-level instruction and training in a classic rural setting, whether it’s running, sculling, biathlon or skiing.
Thanks to its Northeast Kingdom snow-belt location, Craftsbury is blessed with reliable snow to cover some of the nicest trails in New England. When the natural stuff falls short, Craftsbury spreads snow the old-fashioned way, shoveling and trucking it onto the trails from a giant stockpile created by snow machines. Towering 20 feet or more high, the stockpiled mountain of snow has become a trademark challenge for young skiers to struggle up and survive on a steep run down — just the kind of fun that Dreissigacker and Geer wanted to see continue.
In a way, the couple are following an old tradition, a modern-day version of the 19th-century Vermont industrialists and entrepreneurs who gave back to their communities gifts of elegant libraries or opera houses. But their gift is about access and opportunity and preservation as much as bricks and mortar, though there’s that too, symbolized by a new touring center costing about $1 million that opened around Thanksgiving. It is just part of the transformation they are undertaking in the region.
Three goals underlie the nonprofit, Geer explains: To foster lifelong sports and healthy lifestyles, protect natural resources, and use and teach sustainable practices.
Using a foundation they created as the financial vehicle, Dreissigacker and Geer have bought important properties to ensure continuation of the extensive center trail system, including the former Windridge tennis camp, turning it into a summer camp more focused on rural and ecological values. A number of new family cabins are planned to replace one of the old dorm buildings.
And when nearby Highland Lodge, an iconic inn in the Kingdom, closed along with its trail system, Craftsbury took over grooming and added those scenic trails to a system that now tallies around 115 kilometers.
Eight solar trackers and many smaller panels, which can provide up to 80 percent of the center’s power, attest to the new green focus. Dreissigacker proudly notes the new touring center was built using local Vermont wood, it has composting toilets, and a wood-fired boiler now provides heat for much of the complex.
The couple’s vision extends beyond the center itself. They are now collaborating with others to reopen the Craftsbury Inn in the village, a structure that will become the Craftsbury Public House and offer community gathering space, a pub, and another ski trailhead.
Uncommercial approach
Dreissigacker, tall and lean and now 67, says their ideas for Craftsbury were inspired by the European model for cross country, where “skiing is like a public park” that everyone can use. Geer adds that they also wanted to ensure a place where “New England athletes could stay at home and train.”
Going the nonprofit route is a novel and uncommercial approach that has set Craftsbury apart from other notable touring centers.
While a yearly adult membership at Craftsbury is a mere $50 and an adult day ski pass is $10 ($5 for students and seniors), at the Trapp Family Lodge in Stowe a single day pass is $25 and a season pass $250. Most other big Nordic centers, such as Jackson and Bretton Woods in New Hampshire, are now $19 to $21 for a day trail fee.
For Geer and Dreissigacker, it has never been about the money or the cost — though Dreissigacker says the center is self-sustaining.
“To be able to sort of combine all this with our passions, the rowing and the skiing and the renewable energy, to put all that together and to benefit people — it’s a good feeling,” says Geer.
Post by LewLasher » Wed Jan 14, 2015 3:36 am
This past weekend at Craftsbury was an interesting (if not exactly a typical weekend) example of the varied culture of cross-country skiing:
I was in Craftsbury with the Ski For Light (blind and visually-impaired) group.
Also staying in the same little lodge on Friday night was the Harvard ski team.
On Saturday, there was a high school race, and also a sort of novelty "triathlon" event of skiing, running, and snowshoeing.
And, on Saturday evening, also staying in the same little lodge was a group of 4 backcountry skiers who were 40 miles into their 300-mile tour across the state of Vermont.
addseo1115
Re: Craftsbury, VT
Post by addseo1115 » Thu Aug 20, 2015 1:30 am
who is very competitive these days in youth biathlon.
goldenslot android
Highland Lodge trails
Post by LewLasher » Wed Mar 21, 2018 5:12 am
A couple of days ago I skied at the Highland Lodge trails - in Greensboro, Vermont - operated by the Craftsbury Outdoor Center. As I posted in December 2011, this used to be a separate cross-country area, but the hotel that used to maintain the trails went out of business and Craftsbury swooped in and took them over. Now the hotel has reopened under new management, but the trails are still being run by Craftsbury, which is just as well. Craftsbury has better grooming equipment, and they upgraded the trail signage. The touring center is staffed only on weekends, and I think the grooming is probably also limited to weekends. Going there on Monday, which is a weekday, there was an honor system payment box for the trail fee.
The Highland Lodge trail network is smaller than the main Craftsbury network, maybe 30 km, if that, but at higher elevation (approximately 1500-2000'). The perimeter loop, about 20 km, has lots of ups and downs, and occasional views of mountains to the west, north, and east (if you ski the loop clockwise, which seems to be the better direction), and of the nearby Caspian Lake (which is not the largest lake in the world) to the south.
As I posted in the past, one of the best reasons to ski at the Highland Lodge trails is so that you can do a 20 km, mostly downhill, point-to-point tour from Highland Lodge to the Craftsbury Outdoor Center, using the shuttle in the morning to get to the Highland Lodge trailhead. But the Highland Lodge trail network is worth skiing for its own sake. Less crowded than Craftsbury. In the past, that was not much of a boast, given how uncrowded Craftsbury itself was, but, as Craftsbury has taken on a busier and busier race schedule, that is now a legitimate comparative advantage.
Return to “NorthEast”
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Browse > Home / The Yank Barry Vision of Charitable Causes
The Yank Barry Vision of Charitable Causes
Virtually everything Yank Barry has done in his life has been successful. Following an enviable 30-year career in the music business, where he was successful as a singer, songwriter, producer and publisher, he became a writer and producer of advertising jingles, including many for some of the most popular brands of all time. Then, Yank Barry became a successful entrepreneur and executive with Vitapro, a company he founded and where he developed many successful products.
His greatest success was yet to come, however. While Yank Barry traveled the world for Vitapro, he witness a level of suffering that he couldn’t have imagined before, and he felt absolutely responsible for fixing as much as he could. That’s why he is known as a successful philanthropist these days. His work to help people the world had forgotten that has brought him three nominations for the Nobel Peace Prize. His philanthropy is different than most because it’s more personal. He won’t just write a just or make a grant. He and his wife Yvette do much of the work themselves as they come to the aid of people in crisis.
Yank Barry is a musician, entrepreneur, businessman, and philanthropist. He founded VitaPro Foods and today serves as the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the company, which makes textured vegetable protein.
Request A Quote From atsunset.com
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Dua Lipa & St. Vincent Perform "Masseduction"/"One Kiss" Mashup at Grammys
posted by Taylor Fields - Feb 10, 2019
St. Vincent and Dua Lipa were twinning during their one-of-a-kind collaboration at this year's Grammy Awards.
To kick off the special performance, St. Vincent took the stage with her guitar, rocking over-the-knee-boots and a strapless black bodysuit as she sang her song "Masseducation," which won the Grammy for Best Rock Song that night.
Then, Dua Lipa emerged on stage and walked up right behind St. Vincent wearing a floor length black and white gown with gold details, and both girls sporting the same hairstyle. The two kept performing "Masseduction" before moving on to an awesome rock version of Lipa's hit collab with Calvin Harris , "One Kiss."
Twinning:
Both St. Vincent and Dua Lipa took home Grammy Awards this year. St. Vincent won for Best Rock Song for her album's title track "Masseducation," and Dua Lipa for Best New Artist. Lipa was up for the award in the category with many other talented artists including Chloe x Halle , Luke Combs , Greta Van Fleet , H.E.R. , Dua Lipa, Margo Price , Bebe Rexha , and Jorja Smith .
Dua was overwhelmed with emotion while waiting backstage as the winner was announced following her performance with St. Vincent. In her speech, Lipa said, "I am honored to be nominated alongside so many female artists this year — I guess we stepped up. I want to say a big thank you to my fans who have allowed me to be the best version of myself." The "stepped up" comment was referring to a remark made during last year's Grammy Awards by Recording Academy president Neil Portnow.
Lipa continued, "For anyone who hasn't realized how special they are to have a different story or background, just know that no matter where you're from, never let that get in the way of your dreams."
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Remember When Brooks & Dunn Made Country Music History?
Brooks & Dunn were fairly early into their career when they began shattering records. The duo released their debut album, Brand New Man, in 1991, and by 1994 they entered the history books as the first country music duo to ever have an album certified quadruple platinum when it marked four million in sales.
Both men had kicked around the music business in Nashville for several years before they joined together somewhat reluctantly at the behest of Tim Dubois at Arista Records. They joined up with songwriter Don Cook and producer Scott Hendricks to produce their debut album and teamed with Cook to write the title song, which they released as their first single on June 10, 1991.
"Brand New Man" gave Brooks & Dunn their first No. 1 hit less than three months later, and they scored three more No. 1 hits in rapid succession with "My Next Broken Heart," "Neon Moon" and "Boot Scootin' Boogie," while a fifth single from the album, "Lost and Found," reached No. 6.
'90s Country Acts That Need to Return!
Kix Brooks and Ronnie Dunn released their follow-up album, Hard Workin' Man, in 1993 and scored another handful of hits, including two more chart-toppers with "She Used to Be Mine" and "That Ain't No Way to Go," and they had released their third album, Waitin' on Sundown, by the time the RIAA certified Brand New Man for four million in sales on Nov. 29, 1994. Hard Workin' Man was certified triple platinum that same day for sales of three million, but that was just the beginning for the superstar duo, who went on to become the top-selling country duo of all time and one of the most awarded acts in county music. Their unbroken string of hits lasted all the way until 2009, when Brooks & Dunn announced they were going their separate ways.
The duo performed what was billed as the final show of their career in Nashville in 2010, but that wasn't the end of the road for the history-making team. Brooks & Dunn reunited in 2015 for a Las Vegas residency with Reba McEntire billed as Reba, Brooks & Dunn: Together in Vegas, which has been so successful that it's been extended into 2018.
Check Out the Airstream Ronnie Dunn Renovated for Reba!
10 Notable Entrepreneurs in Country Music
Next: Ronnie Dunn Covers Ariana Grande
Source: Remember When Brooks & Dunn Made Country Music History?
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iHeartCountry
15 Facts You Didn't Know About Blake Shelton
posted by Adrianna Casiano - Jun 18, 2019
We all know that Blake Shelton is a mega-successful singer-songwriter, who has lent his coaching talents to NBC's The Voice for all of its 16 seasons. After making his debut with his single, "Austin" in 2001, this country singer's star has never dulled. In honor of his birthday, today (June 18), we have compiled a list of facts about the country crooner's life, achievements and that curly mullet.
1. He was invited to be a member of the Grand Ole Opry via Twitter.
2. Blake has had over 25 number one singles. He set the record for the most consecutive #1 songs on Country charts in 2014 with “Doin’ What She Likes” and beginning with “Hillbilly Bone” in 2009.
3. In 2018, the country singer established a cancer research program at Oklahoma Children’s Hospital in honor of his infant cousin, Aspen, who underwent treatment for cancer at the hospital’s children’s center.
4. Shelton designed and drew his own deer tracks tattoo, which, according to the singer, has often been mistaken for a trail of ladybugs.
5. Shortly after high school, Blake moved to Nashville and landed a job at a publishing company. However, he was fired for constantly trying to talk to songwriters instead of doing his job!
Photo: Seth Poppel/Yearbook Library
6. In the early 2000s, he owned a pet turkey that was aptly named “Turkey."
7. Blake Shelton opened restaurant and live music venue “Ole Red” in both Tennessee and Oklahoma. The restaurant got its name from Shelton’s hit, “Ol Red," a cover of the '90s George Jones song.
8. In 2015, he rescued a group of strangers in Oklahoma that were stranded in waist-deep water by pulling them out with his tractor.
9. He was named People’s Sexiest Man Alive in 2017.
10. Blake’s favorite show is Golden Girls and his favorite golden girl is Dorothy, who was portrayed by actress, Bea Arthur.
11. In an attempt to impress girlfriend, Gwen Stefani, by letting her know he was writing “Go Ahead And Break My Heart” as an ode to her, Blake sent her the first half of the song. Gwen finished writing the song, which wasn’t originally intended to be a duet.
12. “I Wanna Talk About Me,” which was released by Toby Keith, was originally written for Shelton. It was going to be his first single.
13. Before he was a host on NBC’s The Voice, Blake was a judge on the fifth season of country-themed competition show, Nashville Star in 2007, a series that jump-started the singing careers of ex-wife, Miranda Lambert, Chris Young and Kacey Musgraves.
14. Blake’s mother, Dorothy, can be heard singing on his track "Time For Me To Come Home" from his album, Cheers, It's Christmas.
15. When the country singer started his career, he sported a curly mullet. In 2003 he told CMT, "I know it looks like crap, but it is just more fun to me to irritate people than cut my hair to satisfy them.”
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Edition 6 – Black Box Thinking: Are you really up for operations improvement?
Mark Palmer, Managing Director, OEE Consulting.
Before you start reading, I want to ask you a question.
Are you someone who believes things can be better, different, improved – or do you believe the die is cast?
I believe there is a correlation between those people who have ‘the growth mindset’, in other words – people who have a genuine desire to learn from mistakes, and the way in which
a business can build a robust quality system which delivers very low error rates.
As Matthew Syed points out in his book, Black Box Thinking, there is a huge contrast between the aerospace sector and virtually any other sector. Air travel is instinctively dangerous and yet surprisingly safe, in an environment where the consequences of failure are terrible. Why is that?
A culture of transparency
If we applied this number to airline safety, it would mean that five thousand of every one million flights would encounter a problem.
Aircraft are incredibly complex, and are designed, built, maintained and operated by people who will make mistakes – so how do planes stay in the sky?
The introduction of the black box on every aircraft provided an objective means of conducting root-cause analysis and research into near misses and crashes. It has driven a culture of safety and improvement which has been championed by industry leadership – holding transparency and honesty as priorities, above all else.
When there has been an incident or near miss leading to procedural, engineering or systemic change, learning has been universally applied across the industry.
For those who have never worked in this environment, the amount of collaboration between competitors, regulators and suppliers base comes as a real surprise. The right culture, and the ability to remove cognitive dissonance from post-event analysis, has made learning from mistakes very powerful.
As Matthew Syed points out in his book, Black Box Thinking, there is a huge contrast between the aerospace sector and virtually any other sector.
Learning from failure
Syed contrasts aerospace with medicine in the UK and the USA, where there are many avoidable deaths. Successful adoption of the aerospace approach to “learning from failure” has been pioneered by the Virginia Mason hospital group in the US. This approach to analysing failure, coupled with a leadership regime which encourages honesty and transparency, has delivered a far lower error rate, and consequentially a much lower avoidable death rate.
A failure to learn from failure is very much apparent in other industries: financial services, utilities, telecoms – the list goes on.
The problem is systemic. All regulators are driven by a genuine desire to improve quality across an industry, yet most apply outdated thinking and build an improvement regime based on competency and inspection. This is a surprising response since we know that some of the most competent people in society (doctors) are part of a system where preventable deaths still exist. This is because the system is set up in such a way that people are not encouraged to learn from mistakes – in fact honesty and transparency is more likely to see medical professionals punished and sued.
Regulators, organisations, and leaders need to abandon outdated practices and realise that the route to a dramatic improvement in quality and consistent service delivery, is to create environments where there is an acceptance that the process is more complicated than an individual’s ability. Process thinking in service operations means that the big picture must be integrated – the ‘how’ or the method, the inputs, the teams and the robots all play an important part. What you measure and how you interpret failure sets the tone and helps create an environment where we can learn from mistakes.
If we can all understand, and believe, that when things go wrong it is more complex than just an opportunity for individual blame, then we can remove a fear of failure, learn from our mistakes and allow room for real change.
So, let me ask you another question:
ARE YOU OPEN TO THINKING DIFFERENTLY?
Mark Palmer started his career in France in 1992, working for the French Automotive systems supplier Valeo. In 1995 he established one of the very first Operations Excellence Academies seen in Europe, the Ecole 5 Axes, which thrives to this day. After running the UK Division of Valeo as its MD he went on to become Management Development Director at HQ in Paris.
He returned to the UK in 2001 and joined OEE Consulting. Here he started the process of translating world class operations thinking into the service industry, which included a role as Interim of Head of Operations Excellence at Lloyds Bank. In 2008 he became Managing Director at OEE Consulting, the position he holds today.
Mark has a degree in French & Economics and an MBA from Cardiff Business School.
oeeconsulting.com
Introducing Robotic Process Automation in Financial Services ActiveOpinions – Edition 7
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Who’s the hottie in that Verizon Black Friday TV commercial?
November 27, 2011 December 18, 2017 ActSensuous
I hope all of you enjoyed your Thanksgiving Day celebrations and Black Friday shopping sprees.
In January of this year, one of my more popular blog posts was Credit ‘wear’ Credit is Due – Who’s that T-Mobile Girl? That one got a lot of responses and still is frequently read today. Actress/model Carly Foulkes is the hot little number rocking those pink dresses and sheer nude pantyhose.
Sometimes when I write these things, I secretly worry that as soon as I draw attention to someone for being a devoted wearer, all of a sudden she’s going to stop. Thankfully, that hasn’t been the case with Carly, whom I praised in my post for having the professionalism and class to wear pantyhose with that outfit during an era in which that isn’t always done. But I also gave credit to the person at T-Mobile, or the advertising company, for his or her decision about how to dress Carly for that spot.
Actress/model Carly Foulkes is affectionately known now as “The T-Moble girl.”
It’s impossible to know whether Carly had any say about wearing pantyhose, or if it was solely the decision of T-Mobile or the ad campaign manager. Perhaps the credit should go to designer/stylist Debra LeClair, who, according to a T-Mobile representative, created the custom-made, vintage-silhouette-inspired pink-and-white dress, and worked on the campaign and photo shoot.
In any case, the reason Carly made my Credit ‘wear’ Credit is Due column is because in researching her, I found that she frequently wears pantyhose in public appearances and other ads. So, she’s a hero in my book.
Enter the new hottie
Now, comes an amazing TV commercial by Verizon. I saw it often while watching the NFL games over the holiday weekend. It’s the one in which an absolutely gorgeous young lady portraying a Verizon employee walks up to a display at a Verizon store where she touches a bunch of smart phones and similar devices to wrap them in ribbons and bows for the Black Friday holiday sale. This stunningly beautiful woman with long wavy brown hair is wearing a gray skirt and wine-colored blouse, and at first, that’s all we see of her, even when she walks across the floor to place some of these gift items under the store’s Christmas tree. When she kneels down, that’s when we see she is wearing some absolutely delicious-looking sheer nude pantyhose. And quite beautifully at that.
Unfortunately, it’s a brief scene, but oh, so lovely. Man, when I see something like this, I just feel so much pride. In this day and age, the Verizon people, or again, the ad campaign people for them, could easily have dressed the actress in pants, or gone with the skirt but with “bear” legs, reflecting a sign of the times. Instead, they went with a professional and classy look, perhaps signaling that if “bear” legs ever really was an official sign of the times, it’s not embraced by everyone, and T-Mobile certainly was going to feature its actress in appropriate business attire.
I believe cases like this are all the proof we need that this ugly “bear” legs look has about run its course. Just look at all the TV commercials for department stores and see what women are wearing. Every dressy outfit includes pantyhose. Finally, maybe people are coming to their senses again.
Unlike in the case of Carly Foulkes, this time, after hours of investigating on the Web, I could not identify the actress in the Verizon commercial. So, I cannot tell you whether or not she is indeed a pantyhose kind of girl, or show you any photos of her. But here’s a link to a video of this commercial: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w34kGqZb52c&NR=1 Watch it in full screen mode for the best view of her legs at the end.
After the first couple of times of seeing this TV commercial, something strange happened, and I want to share my thoughts with you and hear your thoughts about it. I’ve never seen anything like this before, but all of a sudden now, when the actress kneels down to place the gifts under the Christmas tree, they’ve cropped most of her legs out of the picture. My first thought is why would they ever do such a thing? She is so beautiful. My second thought is this: The powers that be probably figured they didn’t want the viewer looking at this gorgeous girl’s legs instead of the Verizon smart devices for sale.
Is that possible? Could that really be the reason? Nothing else makes any sense to me. Anyway, you certainly can see (in fact, even more of) the actress’ legs in the YouTube video. Hurry before someone edits that part of the scene from it, too.
Do any of you know who this girl is? If so, please let the rest of us know. I am so impressed with her.
Update (Dec. 7 )
With my thanks for a first-time comment on my blog from a reader, whose online name is las artes, we now have indisputable visual evidence of who this very beautiful and charming actress is — Cherub Moore.
Thank you, las artes, for pointing me in the direction of the WhoIsThatHotAdGirl (WITHAG) site for finding credible documentation when it comes to identifying relatively unknown but budding stars.
While not much is known about Cherub Moore, with all the interest her appearance in that Verizon ad is generating online, I can’t imagine she’ll be off the radar much longer.
Check out this link to view this fabulous TV commercial again, and to see a mini-profile and photos of the enigmatic model/actress Cherub Moore.
http://whoisthathotadgirl.tumblr.com/post/13509132832/q-who-is-the-hot-girl-in-the-verizon-black
Last week, one of our longtime customers/readers of this blog, Carl, suggested that the lovely lady in the Verizon Black Friday TV commercial was Katie Savoy, who actually made an earlier appearance in a different Verizon commercial. It’s the one where she is sitting poolside with her boyfriend, who is watching an NFL game (Minnesota Vikings vs. Green Bay Packers) on a smart device. She decides to take a dip in the pool, while he watches his favorite Viking, Adrian Peterson, score on a long running play.
When Katie emerges from the pool, the boyfriend sees her as Adrian Peterson. The poor guy. But, it’s a cute commercial.
http://www.youtube.com/v/QYFmbWzIsxo&hl=en_US&feature=player_embedded&version=3
It was a good try, and I bought into it, but I just couldn’t reconcile that, as lovely as she is, Katie Savoy just didn’t quite have the exotic look we all saw in the Verizon Black Friday commercial.
Thank you, Carl, for finding us these pics of Katie in pantyhose/tights.
In any case, perhaps, like Carly Foulkes who appears in a series of T-Mobile commercials in which she always wears a beautiful dress with heels and pantyhose, it would be great if we get to see Katie and Cherub in a series of Verizon commercials all dressed up.
Cheerleaders of Homewood High School Patriot Band in Alabama perform during Macy’s Thanksgiving Day Parade, Nov. 24, 2011, in New York.
Loving a parade
Nothing rings in the holiday season like the world-famous Macy’s Thanksgiving Day parade in New York City, its 85th annual event.
It’s also a venue at which one can see lots of pantyhose. From cheerleaders to the majorettes of marching bands from all across the country, from dance troupes to celebrities performing, most often, the costumes include pantyhose.
And never is that more evident than on the 36 pairs of lovely legs that belong to the Radio City Rockettes, the world renowned precision dance company based out of Radio City Music Hall in Manhattan, NY, which has been performing during the Macy’s Thanksgiving Day parade for more than 50 years.
Members of the Radio City Music Hall Rockettes perform during the Macy’s Thanksgiving Day parade on Nov. 27, 2008, in New York City.
The Rockettes, most famous for their perfectly timed “eye-high” kicks, also star in the Radio City Christmas Spectacular, happening now through Jan. 2, as they have for more than 75 years.
Obviously, the Rockettes are known for their fabulous legs. Could you ever imagine in a million years the Rockettes performing “bear”-legged? Of course not. Do you think any of the members of that company would even want to? No way!
So that means all those pantyhose haters out there — those who say pantyhose are uncomfortable, out of style, irrelevant, etc. (those I like to refer to as, you know … WRONG) — actually think the Rockettes would look just fine and that it would be perfectly OK for them to perform “bear”-legged? Those people can’t be that dumb. It must be that they are just turning a blind eye to reality in order to not have to face the fact that they just have no sense of femininity, class or elegance.
Interesting notes
Dana Delany wore a nice dress and sheer pantyhose during her guest appearance on “Jimmy Kimmel Live” (aired on Thanksgiving Day.) See, now I would expect that of her, but I mention it here because more times than not, I’ve seen her appear mostly “bear”-legged at these venues. So, I hope this is a sign of better judgment on her part.
Lady Gaga, left, is interviewed by Katie Couric during Gaga’s Thanksgiving Day special on Nov. 24, 2011 in New York.
Good job, too, by Lady Gaga, who, even though she wore a pants suit during her interview with Katie Couric as part of the artist’s “A Very Gaga Thanksgiving” special, did wear very sheer pantyhose with her high heels. It looked nice, and I love that she shows her professional side during high profile interviews such as this one.
Of course, Lady Gaga wears more exotic pantyhose and wears them more provactively during her concerts, and HBO aired “Lady Gaga Presents the Monster Ball Tour: At Madison Square Garden” on Saturday, Nov. 26, 2011.
Finally, and this is weird: Amy Sedaric appeared last week on “The Late Show with David Letterman,” wearing a strange dress, high heels but no pantyhose. The weird part is when Dave complimented her about her shoes, she caressed her “bear” legs and said she really wants to do a pantyhose commercial (but apparently there are no takers.)
Then, Dave asked her what happened to pantyhose, noting that they seemed to have gone away. She replied that they had and she couldn’t understand why, and then she emphasized that “We need to bring them back in a big way.”
OK, that part I like, but puh-leeeeeeease, Amy, don’t try selling that when you’re not wearing pantyhose. Those “bear” legs of yours weren’t doing us any favors. Nice try though!
Thanks for reading, and best wishes to all of you for a happy holiday season.
Celebrities in pantyhose, Cherub Moore in pantyhose, Dana Delany in pantyhose, Katie Savoy in pantyhose, Pantyhose in TV commercials, Professional entertainers in pantyhose, Professional performers wearing pantyhose, Radio City Rockettes, Stars in pantyhose, T-Mobile spokesmodel in pantyhose Black Friday, Carly Foulkes, Celebrities who wear pantyhose, Cherub Moore in pantyhose, Dana Delany in pantyhose, Katie Savoy in pantyhose, Lady Gaga and pantyhose, Pantyhose, Radio City Rockettes, T-Mobile, Verizon Black Friday commercial, YouTube 13 Comments
Pantyhose happenings on my mind
November 4, 2011 December 18, 2017 ActSensuous
It seems that the current-but-maybe-not-for-much-longer “bear” legs movement came upon us all of a sudden. One day things were normal and good, and then suddenly pantyhose were public enemy No. 1 (among women that is).
It’s been a long decade-plus of the awful bear legs look, but gradually, in ever-increasing numbers, pantyhose are gaining their legs again. Have you noticed?
They’re in movies and TV shows more and more. They’re in TV commercials all the time. They’re even on fashion runways, and that’s a real good thing. They’re in magazines, too. And now, they’re also the subject on more and more women’s minds as one can see on Internet discussion boards, where there’s always that question: “Are pantyhose back?” To which some answer: “I never realized pantyhose were out.” Love that.
Yes, it’s looking more and more like pantyhose are starting to cling to more willing wearers each day. With that in mind, here are some recent pantyhose happenings that are getting my attention:
Celebs deserve our thanks
Probably the biggest reason that pantyhose are once again in mainstream consciousness is the vast and ever-growing number of Hollywood actresses, entertainers and pop stars wearing during their performances.
As fabulous as she looks like this, it’s surprising Cameron Diaz doesn’t wear pantyhose more often.
In only my second ever blog post (June 2009) titled “Calling out Professional Entertainers,” I blasted celebrities for instigating and perpetuating the bare legs movement (back then, I hadn’t come up with the idea of referring to it as “bear” legs.) My, how far we’ve come. I am so proud of the many veteran celebs who never left, or have now come back to pantyhose. And that includes Cameron Diaz, who until recently, I thought would be the next recipient of my new column, “The Grizzly Awards.”
But I’m even prouder of the young, up-and-coming celebs who are outright pantyhose goddesses. Yes, we’ve still got a long way to go, but I think it would be difficult to name more than a few young celebs today who are just complete bear leggers — ones you’ll NEVER see wearing pantyhose.
A young, rising star, Selena Gomez has the class and professionalism to wear pantyhose on stage.
I think we have to recognize and thank the likes of Jessica Alba, Sandra Bullock, Anne Hathaway, Juliana Margulies, Milla Jovovich, Nicole Kidman, Kate Middleton, Sofia Vergara, Paris Hilton, Zooey Deschanel, and of course, Lady Gaga, Katy Perry, Rihanna, Beyonce’ and Selena Gomez.
There are hundreds of others who deserve credit, but this is a good start.
Since nothing influences fashion in everyday life like what we see our favorite celebs wearing, I think we’re in a very good time and place right now with all the professional performers out there donning pantyhose.
Waitin’ all day for Sunday night
Hey, Jack, it’s a fact … the outfits Faith Hill is wearing this year during the intro theme to Sunday Night Football are soooooooo much better.
While this photo appears “doctored up” a bit, Faith Hill’s bare legs during last year’s SNF theme were an eyesore.
Last year, she wore that way-too-short black dress with some funky, chunky (OK, ugly) shoes, and Casper-white bear legs that (I have to say it) looked awful. Sorry, Faith.
This year, she wears mid-calf length pants, but with pumps and pantyhose.
While a leather skirt would have been better, Faith Hill looks so much better in pantyhose during the SNF intro theme.
As I’ve written before, doesn’t she (whomever I’m dissing at the time) see herself on TV later and say “What was I thinking?” or “Why didn’t someone tell me ?”
Well, one of those things must have happened in Faith’s case. Thank you.
Another win for pantyhose.
More football
One of the hosts on NFL Network on DirecTV, Kara Henderson, was doing the bear legs thing during interviews with fellow analysts and guest coaches and players. Uh, Kara, “Come on, man!” (Yeah, I know — that’s a bit featured on ESPN prior to Monday Night Football — but I couldn’t resist.)
Again, she must have seen herself on TV or someone told her how awful her legs looked. Now, she wears pantyhose and looks sooooo much better. Good call.
Remember, I am writing just random thoughts here. Suzy Kolber is one NFL analyst, host, sideline reporter I always liked. She is very professional. She used to wear pantyhose with nice suits and heels all the time. Lately, I’ve seen her wearing pants more than anything. I hope she doesn’t allow herself to be influenced by the vast majority of other female NFL types and stop wearing skirts and pantyhose and heels.
Why always black pantyhose?
Seems when we see a celeb wearing, especially one who typically doesn’t, it’s always black pantyhose. I mean sheer black pantyhose are nice, and certainly better than bear legs, but somtimes, I think women think it’s all they can wear.
Popular movie star Jessica Alba looks awesome in a black dress, black heels and sheer nude pantyhose.
There used to be a line of thinking that was one should always match one’s pantyhose to the color of one’s dress.
And we all know how popular the LBD (little black dress) is. I always thought that thinking was lame.
OK, you’re wearing a black dress, but you know … your face, your neck, your arms, your hands … they’re not black (unless you’re Minnie Mouse). Why do you think your legs should be black just because you’re wearing a black dress?
Nude and Suntan are such a nice, refreshing look these days when it seems that all we ever see is black.
Those awful ‘fashion experts’
If you’ve read this blog, you know how I detest those people called fashion experts. They probably gave themselves that title. Since my post, “Why not pantyhose and open-toe high heels?” remains the most popular on this blog, you know how hard I’ve been on these monkeys for making that “rule” that you can NEVER wear pantyhose with dress sandals.
Veteran model and entertainer Christie Brinkley looks incredible in sheer nude pantyhose, especially in those open-toe high heels.
It still amazes me that everyday people seek out the advice of these fashion gurus. It’s not like these guys’ opinions have any more value than your own good judgment, but I still see on Internet threads cases where someone wants to know if it’s OK to wear pantyhose with dress sandals. Recently, and I love this, I’ve been seeing the fashion police cave a little on this issue. The last piece of advice I read was that it’s OK as long as the hose is sheer at the toe (well, duh), or (and get this), if it’s thick, opaque hose. Well, OK, I s’pose that’s better than their previous blanket “NO WAY” answers.
I love countering their idiot opinions with the fact that some of today’s most popular Hollywood stars (again, the number 1 influencers of fashion) always wear pantyhose with open-toe high heels. It’s like these so-called fashion experts think they know better than everyone else, yet, the whole world is doing exactly what they tell us not to do.
Thanks but no thanks
The other day, I stumbled across a video made by the stars of the TV show “What Not to Wear.” I used to watch that show, but after you’ve seen 5,000 episodes, you start to realize it’s pretty much the same story over and over again. In any case, I never saw the show’s beautiful star, Stacy London, wearing pantyhose, and I hate missed opportunities (meaning a beautiful fashion expert who has great legs, but sadly, doesn’t enhance them with sheer pantyhose). And now, she’s making TV commercials and still not wearing. Guess she is squarely behind the bear legs movement.
So I was surprised to find a video she and her partner, Clinton Kelly, made, titled “How to wear pantyhose.” Wait, they are talking about wearing pantyhose? Well, I certainly wanted to hear what they had to say on the subject.
Not only is singer/songwriter Katy Perry immensely talented, she also has the class and professionalism to always wear pantyhose in public appearances. Now, how can fashion experts ever say that suntan pantyhose don’t look good on anyone?
Turns out their advice was pretty much that most women don’t want to wear pantyhose, but if you do, “That’s cool.” Kelly advised that if you’re going to wear pantyhose, make it look deliberate; not a half a shade or two off your skin tone, but rather make it appear that you’re intentionally wearing hose, such as opaque tights. He’s standing next to a mannequin wearing a dark blue dress, with black tights and black shoes.
London talks about denier ratings (the sheerness or thickness of the fabric). Her mannequin is wearing a black dress. London recommends a very low denier (sheer) black pantyhose with a back seam to make it more elegant.
OK, I don’t have any real issue with their advice, except that both agreed that whatever you do, you should NEVER wear suntan pantyhose because, Kelly said, “They don’t look good on anybody.” What?
Meanwhile, London appears to be wearing some kind of dark blue, almost purple, dress that just didn’t do anything to flatter her lovely figure.
And worse, she is wearing some really ugly shoes. Ironically, it looks as if she is wearing pantyhose (must be my eyes are bad) and if she is wearing, they sure look like suntan to me.
Here’s the link. See what you think:
http://video.tvguide.com/What+Not+to+Wear/How+to+Wear+Pantyhose/10335428?autoplay=true
On one hand, I’m glad they talked about pantyhose, but I am disappointed that they admitted to covering the topic only because they had been getting questions from many viewers about why they don’t talk about pantyhose. London’s and Kelly’s remarks have a bit of a negative tone about pantyhose, but they didn’t do any real damage. But look at the face that London makes as she’s signing off. Her expression seems embarrassed, almost apologetic, for even mentioning pantyhose.
What really bothers me is that they put down suntan. I can tell you suntan is still far-and-away the most popular pantyhose color among devoted wearers. I love suntan.
Fashion experts … whadaya gonna do?
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Category Archives: Felix Julie
Julie Felix – Hota Chocolata (1978)
Posted on February 26, 2017 by allerlei2013riffmaster
Julie Ann Felix (born 14 June 1938, Santa Barbara, California) is an American born, British-based folk recording artist who achieved success in the late 1960s and early 1970s. She continues to perform and releases albums on her own record label.
She graduated in 1956 from high school in Westchester, Los Angeles, California. The same year that she arrived in the United Kingdom, she became the first solo folk performer signed to a major British record label, when she gained a recording contract with Decca Records. Within a decade she had a well-established career. In 1965 she was reportedly the first folksinger to fill the Royal Albert Hall, and was described by The Times as “Britain’s First Lady of Folk”.
In 1966 Felix became the resident singer on the BBC television programme The Frost Report, presented by David Frost. She hosted her own shows for the BBC from 1968 to 1970, including the series Once More With Felix (the first episode was transmitted on 9 December 1967). Among those featured on her show were The Kinks, Leonard Cohen and Led Zeppelin’s lead guitarist, Jimmy Page, who played the “White Summer” and “Black Mountain Side” guitar solo pieces. On 1 May 1967 she appeared on the German TV show Beat-Club; in September 1968 at the International Essen Song Days. She performed at the Isle of Wight Festival in 1969.
She had two UK Singles Chart hits in 1970. The first was with the song entitled “If I Could (El Cóndor Pasa)”, while the second, marginally less successful, was called “Heaven is Here”. 1990 saw the release of a new album, Bright Shadows.
On 24 March 2008 she appeared on a BBC Four programme in which stars of The Frost Report gathered for a night celebrating 40 years since Frost Over England; Felix sang “Blowin’ in the Wind”. She has appeared at the Wynd Theatre, Melrose, Scottish Borders, on an annual basis over the past few years.
She now lives in Chorleywood, Hertfordshire, England, and is still recording and performing, appearing on stage on her 70th birthday in 2008 (by Wikipedia)
Alternate front + back cover
“I feel we need to welcome the divine feminine into our lives and into our hearts … Patriarchy has led to wars, killing, and the rape of mother earth. Both men and women need to feel the love of the feminine side of God.” (Julie Felix)
Listen to another beautiful album by Julie Felix … wonderful songs, fantastic lyrics … what a great artist !
Single from Norway
Julie Felix (guitar, vocals, Percussion)
Steve Hayton (guitar, Percussion, background vocals)
Danny Thompson (bass, percussion)
Ted Lazer (accordion on 06.)
Kesh Sathie (tabla, tambura on 12.)
Billy Stevens (harmonica on 03. + 09.)
Mick + Donna (on 01.)
Tanit + Samantha (on 06.)
01. Hota Chocolata (Felix) 3.31
02. Let Me Love You (Felix) 2.57
03. Deportees (Guthrie) 4.47
04. Solado De Levita (Traditional) 2.32
05. Da Me La Fuerza (Felix) 3.14
06. In Paris (Felix) 3.15
07. Hey Liley-Liley Lo (Austin/Lomax) 0.54
08. Windy Morning (Felix) 2:46
09. David (Felix) 2.37
10. Sydney Harbour (Felix) 4.51
11. Clotho’s Web (Felix) 3.38
12. Face Of The Moon (Felix) 3.12
15. Moon Light (Felix) 2.38
16. Pow Wow! (Felix) 2.23
Still alive and well …
Posted in Felix Julie, Folk, Year Of Recording: 1978 | Leave a reply
Julie Felix – Lightning (1974)
Posted on November 9, 2016 by allerlei2013riffmaster
Julie Felix isn’t too well-known in her native United States, but since 1964 she’s been a major British folk music star and has been compared over there with Joan Baez. Felix was born in California, of mixed Mexican and Native American ancestry. A natural singer by inclination, she was drawn to folk music at an early age but was unable to get a career started in America, even amid the folk revival of the early ’60s. In 1964, she decided to go hitchhiking across Europe, and instead of heading home at the end of her travels she made England her destination. She arrived there just in time to catch a fresh wave of enthusiasm for American folk music, fostered by Bob Dylan’s emergence internationally as a singer and songwriter. American folk musicians had always found a welcome among England’s folk enthusiasts, but just then, thanks to Dylan, the sheer number of folk listeners had ballooned to massive proportions. Felix also found a natural audience for her work — she had an engaging voice and manner, a distinctive Mexican guitar (a gift from her father), and her combined Mexican and Native American backgrounds, which made her stand out from other of her compatriots, who were white and male. And suddenly, Felix had a major career — the same year that she arrived in England, she became the first solo folk performer signed to a major British label when she got a contract from English Decca.
Felix debuted with a self-titled album and a single of Ian Tyson’s, “Someday Soon,” and she also scored a hit on television, on The Eammon Andrews Show. By 1965, she was a headlining performer, referred to in The London Times as Britain’s First Lady of Folk. She cut two more LPs for Decca over the next two years, including an album of Bob Dylan and Woody Guthrie songs, and was also one of the biggest exponents of the work of Leonard Cohen before he’d established himself beyond a small cult of listeners in England. She also began getting recognized for her commitment to charitable causes, and not only raised money for hunger relief but visited several of the more troubled countries in the Third World. By the end of 1965, she’d filled Royal Albert Hall for one of her concerts, reportedly the first folksinger based in England to accomplish that feat.
Julie Felix, 1967
In 1966, she moved to the Fontana label, for which she cut three albums — her 1966 album, Changes, is regarded as one of her best, mixing traditional and contemporary material and utilizing the support of Martin Carthy and Dave Swarbrick; meanwhile, on-stage, she came under the wing of Brian Epstein, who booked her and Georgie Fame together at the Saville Theatre, with a then-unknown Cat Stevens appearing as the opening act.
By 1967, she was well enough established to be a featured weekly guest on David Frost’s television series, and by 1968 had earned her own television variety series, with guests that included Dusty Springfield, Leonard Cohen, Donovan, and Richard Harris. Her late-’60s recordings included Going to the Zoo, a delightful collection of children’s songs on Fontana, and in 1969 she was one of the artists featured at the Isle of Wight Festival. Finally, in 1970, Felix had her first pop hit when she reached the British Top 20 with her version of “El Condor Pasa,” recorded under the auspices of producer Mickie Most — indeed, Felix was the first artist on Most’s newly formed RAK label to have a hit record, and she later recorded the album Clotho’s Web (1972) for RAK. She also made her long-delayed debut on American television, courtesy of her longtime friend David Frost, who booked her on his Metromedia-produced talk show. Felix scored a second hit for Most with her cover of “Heaven Is Here” before moving to EMI in 1974.
The mid-’70s marked a period of extreme change for Felix, who was an unapologetic 1960s liberal with a strong commitment to social issues. She became disillusioned with the direction of the world as the ’70s wore on, with their more hedonistic orientation. Finding northern Europe a more agreeable place to live and work, she moved to Norway and subsequently enjoyed hit records both there and in Sweden. Felix returned to California late in the decade and used the time to recharge her social conscience — by the early ’80s, she was heavily involved in the human rights campaign in Latin America. She returned to England and resumed her career, writing songs for the first time and directing her activities toward new age philosophy and interests, in addition to political issues. In the mid-’90s, Felix released her first new album in a decade, Bright Shadows, on her own label, Remarkable Records.
At the outset of the 21st century, she continues to enjoy a full schedule of performances in England and attention from old listeners who remember her from the 1960s and newer audiences who know Felix for her 1990s music. Her new music has received mixed critical and popular reception, but her 1960s repertory still elicits serious enthusiasm from her audience. (by Bruce Eder)
And this is a forgotten masterpiece by Julie Felix … many different music styles … but with a brilliant Julie Felix on vocals … many perfect compositions by her (like “Song For Spring”) and 2 Bob Dylan songs (including “Father Of Night”) and a real stromg version of “Into The Mystic” by Van Morrison !
Look to the musicians of this album, you´ll find some of the finest british studio musicians of that time … John “Rabbitt” Bundrick, B.J.Cole, Frank Ricotti, Henry Spinetti, Big Jim Sullivan, Danny Thompson and Dave Wintour and much more …
What a beautiful album !
The inlets
John “Rabbitt” Bundrick (keyboards)
B.J. Cole (pedal steel-guitar)
Julie Felix (vocals, guitar)
Liam Genockey (drums)
Steve Hayton (guitar)
Paul Keogh (guitar)
Del Newman (synthesizer)
Frank Ricotti (percussion)
Keshav Sathe (tabla, tanpura)
Charlie Smith (drums)
David Snell (harp)
Henry Spinetti (drums)
Big Jim Sullivan (guitar)
Danny Thompson (bass)
Dave Wintour (bass)
Madeline Bell – Kay Garner – Liza Strike – Joanne Williams
brass section:
Martin Glover – Harry Klein – Danny Moss – Ronnie Ross
01. Song For Spring (Felix) 3.45
02. Roadie Man (Felix) 4.30
03. Father Of Night (Dylan) 3.10
04. Oh To Hold You In My Arms (Felix) 6.40
05. Lady With The Braid (Previn) 5.20
06. My Electric Angel (Felix) 3.45
07. I Dreamed I Saw St. Augustine (Dylan) 5-00
08. Let Me Loose (Felix) 6.05
09. Into The Mystic (Morrison) 5.45
Posted in Felix Julie, Rock, Year Of Recording: 1974 | 1 Reply
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Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness, Carotid Plaque and Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke in Chinese
Kuo Liong Chien, Ta Chen Su, Jiann Shing Jeng, Hsiu Ching Hsu, et al
http://www.mendeley.com/research/carotid-artery-intimamedia-thickness-carotid-plaque-coronary-heart-disease-stroke-chinese
Is compiled by
Mendeley 2428 Apr 13:12 UTC
{"title"=>"Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness, Carotid Plaque and Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke in Chinese", "type"=>"journal", "authors"=>[{"first_name"=>"Kuo-Liong", "last_name"=>"Chien"}, {"first_name"=>"Ta-Chen", "last_name"=>"Su"}, {"first_name"=>"Jiann-Shing", "last_name"=>"Jeng"}, {"first_name"=>"Hsiu-Ching", "last_name"=>"Hsu"}, {"first_name"=>"Wei-Tien", "last_name"=>"Chang"}, {"first_name"=>"Ming-Fong", "last_name"=>"Chen"}, {"first_name"=>"Yuan-Teh", "last_name"=>"Lee"}, {"first_name"=>"Frank B.", "last_name"=>"Hu"}], "year"=>2008, "source"=>"PLoS ONE", "identifiers"=>{"issn"=>"1932-6203", "pmid"=>"18927612", "doi"=>"10.1371/journal.pone.0003435", "isbn"=>"1932-6203"}, "id"=>"da78c342-fd28-3b1b-ab26-e90bc8e8e609", "abstract"=>"BACKGROUND: Our aim was to prospectively investigate the association between carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) as well as carotid plaque and incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke in Chinese, among whom data are limited.\\nMETHODS AND FINDINGS: We conducted a community-based cohort study composed of 2190 participants free of cardiovascular disease at baseline in one community. During a median 10.5-year follow up, we documented 68 new cases of coronary heart disease and 94 cases of stroke. The multivariate relative risks (RRs) associated with a change of 1 standard deviation of maximal common carotid IMT were 1.38 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12-1.70) for CHD and 1.47 (95% CI, 1.28-1.69) for stroke. The corresponding RRs with internal carotid IMT were 1.47 (95% CI, 1.21-1.79) for CHD and 1.52 (95% CI, 1.31-1.76) for stroke. Carotid plaque measured by the degree of diameter stenosis was also significantly associated with increased risk of CHD (p for trend<0.0001) and stroke (p for trend<0.0001). However, these associations were largely attenuated when adjusting for IMT measurements.\\nCONCLUSIONS: This prospective study indicates a significant association between carotid IMT and incidence of CHD and stroke in Chinese adults. These measurements may be useful for cardiovascular risk assessment and stratification in Chinese.", "link"=>"http://www.mendeley.com/research/carotid-artery-intimamedia-thickness-carotid-plaque-coronary-heart-disease-stroke-chinese", "reader_count"=>22, "reader_count_by_academic_status"=>{"Professor > Associate Professor"=>1, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>1, "Researcher"=>4, "Student > Postgraduate"=>5, "Other"=>4, "Student > Master"=>2, "Student > Bachelor"=>3, "Lecturer"=>1, "Lecturer > Senior Lecturer"=>1}, "reader_count_by_user_role"=>{"Professor > Associate Professor"=>1, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>1, "Researcher"=>4, "Student > Postgraduate"=>5, "Other"=>4, "Student > Master"=>2, "Student > Bachelor"=>3, "Lecturer"=>1, "Lecturer > Senior Lecturer"=>1}, "reader_count_by_subject_area"=>{"Unspecified"=>2, "Engineering"=>1, "Nursing and Health Professions"=>1, "Mathematics"=>1, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>14, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>1, "Arts and Humanities"=>1, "Computer Science"=>1}, "reader_count_by_subdiscipline"=>{"Engineering"=>{"Engineering"=>1}, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>14}, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>{"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>1}, "Computer Science"=>{"Computer Science"=>1}, "Nursing and Health Professions"=>{"Nursing and Health Professions"=>1}, "Mathematics"=>{"Mathematics"=>1}, "Unspecified"=>{"Unspecified"=>2}, "Arts and Humanities"=>{"Arts and Humanities"=>1}}, "group_count"=>2}
ORCID 329 Apr 12:50 UTC
ORCID | Further Information
http://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.124
http://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.06.038
http://doi.org/10.3179/jjmu.37.437
http://doi.org/10.1038/srep38618
http://doi.org/10.1097/HPC.0b013e31823a31f0
http://doi.org/10.1515/med-2018-0078
http://doi.org/10.11622/smedj.2014091
http://doi.org/10.3109/07853890.2011.582511
http://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2015.03.011
http://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.110.586222
http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ehj.2014.01.003
http://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000000604
http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcmg.2013.11.014
http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.04.042
http://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408553
http://doi.org/10.5551/jat.10728
http://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/33.2.177
http://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2377-13-7
http://doi.org/10.1253/circj.CJ-18-1046
http://doi.org/10.31728/jnn.2018.00025
http://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyr013
http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2018.01.009
http://doi.org/10.1007/s12410-015-9351-z
http://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.4873
http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-1331.2011.03510.x
http://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2261-12-66
Europe PMC Citations 1713 Mar 01:46 UTC
PubMed Central 114 May 03:57 UTC
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Web of Science®04 Jul 07:28 UTC
Nature26 Apr 02:10 UTC
ScienceSeeker09 Aug 20:56 UTC
Wordpress.com31 Aug 05:10 UTC
{"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/918478"], "description"=>"<p>Abbreviation: AUC, area under receiver operative characteristic curve; CHD, coronary heart disease; IMT, intima-media thickness; IDI, Integrated discrimination improvement; NRI, Net reclassification improvement.</p>*<p>Integrated discrimination improvement.</p>†<p>Net reclassification improvement with a priori risk categories according to (0–5%, 5–10%, 10–20%, and > = 20%).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["comparing", "models", "imt", "chd"], "article_id"=>588926, "categories"=>["Medicine", "Neuroscience"], "users"=>["Kuo-Liong Chien", "Ta-Chen Su", "Jiann-Shing Jeng", "Hsiu-Ching Hsu", "Wei-Tien Chang", "Ming-Fong Chen", "Yuan-Teh Lee", "Frank B. Hu"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0003435.t005", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>2, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Summary_statistics_comparing_risk_prediction_for_the_models_without_and_with_IMT_for_the_risk_of_CHD_and_stroke_/588926", "title"=>"Summary statistics comparing risk prediction for the models without and with IMT for the risk of CHD and stroke.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2013-02-21 07:50:45"}
{"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/918387"], "description"=>"<p>Abbreviation: CCA, common carotid artery; ICA, internal carotid artery; IMT, intima-media thickness; BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; TG: triglycerides; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["spearman", "coefficients", "carotid-artery", "intima-media", "plaque", "scores", "atherosclerotic"], "article_id"=>588830, "categories"=>["Medicine", "Neuroscience"], "users"=>["Kuo-Liong Chien", "Ta-Chen Su", "Jiann-Shing Jeng", "Hsiu-Ching Hsu", "Wei-Tien Chang", "Ming-Fong Chen", "Yuan-Teh Lee", "Frank B. Hu"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0003435.t002", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>9, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Adjusted_Spearman_Correlation_coefficients_of_carotid_artery_intima_media_thickness_plaque_scores_and_various_atherosclerotic_risk_factors_/588830", "title"=>"Adjusted Spearman Correlation coefficients of carotid-artery intima-media thickness, plaque scores and various atherosclerotic risk factors.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2013-02-21 07:50:12"}
{"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/918343"], "description"=>"<p>Model 1: adjusted for age groups (35–44, 45–54, 55–64, 65–74, > = 75 years old) and gender.</p><p>Model 2: Model 1 plus body mass index (<18, 18 to 20.9, 21 to 22.9, 23 to 24.9, or > = 25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), alcohol intake (nondrinker/regular), exercise (yes/no), marital status (single, married or divorced), education level (<9 years, ≥9 years), occupation (no work, manual work, or professional), and family history of coronary heart disease (yes/no).</p><p>Model 3: Model 2, adding baseline hypertension, diabetes, continuous HDL-C and LDL-C variables.</p><p>Model 4: Model 3, adding metabolic syndrome (yes/no).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["risks", "intervals", "coronary", "maximal", "cca", "imt", "quartile", "carotid"], "article_id"=>588787, "categories"=>["Medicine", "Neuroscience"], "users"=>["Kuo-Liong Chien", "Ta-Chen Su", "Jiann-Shing Jeng", "Hsiu-Ching Hsu", "Wei-Tien Chang", "Ming-Fong Chen", "Yuan-Teh Lee", "Frank B. Hu"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0003435.t003", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>4, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Median_level_incident_rates_relative_risks_and_95_confidence_intervals_of_coronary_heart_disease_and_stroke_in_the_study_participants_according_to_maximal_CCA_IMT_quartile_and_carotid_plaque_/588787", "title"=>"Median level, incident rates, relative risks and 95% confidence intervals of coronary heart disease and stroke in the study participants according to maximal CCA IMT quartile and carotid plaque.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2013-02-21 07:49:54"}
{"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/918441"], "description"=>"<p>Abbreviation: CCA, common carotid artery, ICA, internal carotid artery, IMT, intima-media thickness.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["2190", "enrollment", "quartiles", "maximal", "ica", "intima", "thickness", "plaque", "stenosis", "severity"], "article_id"=>588881, "categories"=>["Medicine", "Neuroscience"], "users"=>["Kuo-Liong Chien", "Ta-Chen Su", "Jiann-Shing Jeng", "Hsiu-Ching Hsu", "Wei-Tien Chang", "Ming-Fong Chen", "Yuan-Teh Lee", "Frank B. Hu"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0003435.t001", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>4, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Characteristics_of_the_2190_study_participants_at_enrollment_according_to_quartiles_of_maximal_ICA_intima_media_thickness_and_plaque_stenosis_severity_measurements_/588881", "title"=>"Characteristics of the 2190 study participants at enrollment according to quartiles of maximal ICA intima media thickness and plaque stenosis severity measurements.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2013-02-21 07:50:27"}
{"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/918519"], "description"=>"<p>Model 1: adjusted for age groups (35–44, 45–54, 55–64, 65–74, > = 75 years old) and gender.</p><p>Model 2: Model 1 plus body mass index (<18, 18 to 20.9, 21 to 22.9, 23 to 24.9, or > = 25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), alcohol intake (nondrinker/regular), exercise (yes/no), marital status(single, married or divorced), education level ((<9 years, ≥9 years), occupation (no work, manual work, or professional), and family history of coronary heart disease (yes/no).</p><p>Model 3: Model 2, adding baseline hypertension, diabetes, continuous HDL-C and LDL-C variables.</p><p>Model 4: Model 3, adding metabolic syndrome (yes/no).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["intervals", "jointed", "sd", "imt", "plaque", "chd"], "article_id"=>588969, "categories"=>["Medicine", "Neuroscience"], "users"=>["Kuo-Liong Chien", "Ta-Chen Su", "Jiann-Shing Jeng", "Hsiu-Ching Hsu", "Wei-Tien Chang", "Ming-Fong Chen", "Yuan-Teh Lee", "Frank B. Hu"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0003435.t004", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>3, "page_views"=>10, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Relative_risk_and_95_confidence_intervals_for_jointed_analysis_of_per_1_SD_increase_in_IMT_and_1_score_increase_in_plaque_score_for_CHD_and_stroke_/588969", "title"=>"Relative risk and 95% confidence intervals for jointed analysis of per 1 SD increase in IMT and 1 score increase in plaque score for CHD and stroke.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2013-02-21 07:50:59"}
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Relative Metric 110857510 May 16:16 UTC
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Florida Bar
• Nova Southeastern University Shepard Broad College of Law
• Florida Atlantic University
Bachelor Degrees in Marketing and Hospitality Management
Immigration Attorney João Marcos Mendes received his Law Degree from Nova Southeastern University Shepard Broad College of Law & subsequently his license to practice law from the Florida Bar. While at Nova, Mr. Mendes received the Nova Pro Bono Award for his dedication to community service during his internship with Guardian Ad Litem. He is currently a member of the Florida Bar.
Prior to law school, Mr. Mendes graduated from Florida Atlantic University where he earned two Bachelor Degrees in Marketing and Hospitality Management. At FAU, Mr. Mendes was an active member of the student body where he worked with FAU’s athletic marketing department to promote sporting events on campus. Mr. Mendes was also a member of Phi Theta Kappa Honor Society and DECA.
Mr. Mendes was born in Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. He is tri-lingual in English, Portuguese and Spanish. Moving to the United States at an early age, Mr. Mendes saw first-hand what migrating to a new country meant. He now aims to help those who want the same thing his family wanted several years ago, a new life in the U.S.
In his free time Mr. Mendes enjoys playing soccer, attending music festivals, traveling the world and listening to podcasts.
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British GP to remain at Silverstone as new five-year deal confirmed
The British GP will remain at Silverstone until at least the 2024 season after Formula 1 confirmed a five-year contract extension to keep the race at the iconic circuit.
The race's future was in doubt after the circuit activated a break clause in its agreement with F1 two years ago - and this weekend's grand prix was
"a Grand Prix we can never lose"
Lewis Hamilton hails Silverstone and says he would fight for British GP future
Lewis Hamilton has described the British GP at Silverstone as "a Grand Prix we can never lose" ahead of the 2019 edition of the race this weekend. The world champion's home...
Sky Sports 2019-07-08
British Grand Prix saved as new five-year deal agreed between Formula One and Silverstone
BRITAIN will continue to host a Formula 1 Grand Prix for the next five years after a fresh agreement with Silverstone was announced. Ahead of the weekend’s race at the...
The Sun 2019-07-10
Lewis Hamilton excited for 'special' British GP as he chases win record
Lewis Hamilton has heralded the British GP as the "most special" race of the year and says he embraces the "excitement", "adrenaline" and "pressure" as he bids to make...
British Grand Prix set to be saved as F1 and Silverstone close in on new deal
A deal confirming that the British Grand Prix has been saved could be announced on Wednesday. PA understands that Formula One and Silverstone are putting together the...
This is Money 2019-07-08
British Grand Prix: Race could be saved as F1 and Silverstone near a new deal
A deal confirming that the British Grand Prix has been saved could be announced on Wednesday. It's understood Formula One and Silverstone are putting together the finishing touches on a new contract which would guarantee the future of the sport's oldest race. As it stands Sunday's round at Silverstone is set to be the last staged at the Northamptonshire track unless a fresh...
British GP: What you need to know
After an awesome Austrian GP, Formula 1 heads to Silverstone for one of the biggest sporting events of 2019 - the iconic British GP. Get ready for the highlight of the motorsport summer, and Sky Sports F1 will have the most extensive coverage from the showpiece weekend with insight from pundits and experts including Jenson Button, Martin Brundle and Damon Hill. It's not one to...
New deal to keep British Grand Prix at Silverstone
The British Grand Prix will stay at Silverstone for at least the next five years under a new deal announced by Formula One on Wednesday. The race’s future had been in doubt since 2017, when a break clause was activated to terminate the contract after this weekend’s grand prix. The British Racing Drivers’ Club (BRDC) that owns the circuit had argued that the previous contract...
Lewis Hamilton: Agree deal with Silverstone
Lewis Hamilton has put the pressure on Formula One's owners Liberty Media to agree a new deal with Silverstone, insisting the sport cannot afford to walk away from the British Grand Prix. Next month's race is due to be the last staged at the Northamptonshire track unless a contract extension is agreed. The race organisers had hoped to have a fresh deal in place at least a month...
British Grand Prix saved! Silverstone to continue hosting race after signing new FIVE-YEAR DEAL with ...
The British Grand Prix has officially been saved – with a new five-year deal to keep the national institution on the sporting calendar. Sportsmail understands the deal was signed by the two sides – Silverstone and the sport's owners Liberty Media – on Tuesday night in central London. News that the race will be staying at the Northamptonshire circuit is a massive boost to...
Silverstone has got to stay on the F1 calendar, insists Hamilton
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If It’s On The Internet, It’s Gotta’ Be True! Angelina and Madonna Cat Fight in Africa!
The African baby races in Zambia this week, ended on a sour note. Angelina Jolie, beat the shit out of Madonna when she accused baby Brangelina of steroid use!
Pop Princess, Britney Spears, has agreed to star in the film of the long running “Vagina Monologues”, not only will her vagina finally speak for itself…it will actually sing!
African-American, Samuel L. Jackson, is the biggest movie star in history. He has often been second- or third-billed, or even farther down the credits, but if you just tally the money his films have earned, it adds up to over $3,000,000,000 — more than any other actor in history! Now, he’s set to produce, direct and star in a quirky comedy remake of “Gone With The Wind”. He will play Rhett Butler to Halle Berry’s Scarlett O’Hara. Hillary Duff, will recreate Butterfly McQueen’s, “Prissy”, while Hattie McDaniels’ Academy Award winning part of “Mammy”, will be played by Rosie O’Donnell, who’s said to be slimming down for the part.
Media tributes to the late James Brown continue, but I could’ve done without Robert Goulet singing, “Sex Machine” on the Today show!
The first project that Tom Cruise is expected to greenlight for his new production company is the sequel to “Late Great Planet Earth”, the $100,000,000 plus film that nobody saw! John Travolta, won’t be starring in this Sci-Fi thriller, by the late Scientology founder, L.Ron Hubbard, which is the story of the reincarnation of a great spiritual leader into the body of a little girl. That honor will go to Suri Cruise, precocious daughter of Tom and Katie Cruise, who was created to play the role!
As expected, Mel Gibson and Michael Richards have not only been forgiven by the public for their politically incorrect rants, but have actually been rewarded for their contrition. Mel’s film, “Apocalypto”, debuted at number one at the box office, while “Seinfeld”, the seventh season DVD, co-starring Richards sold 75% more in it’s first week than season 6! Rosie O’Donnel, wasn’t so lucky, however as all of the potential investors for her, “Ching Chow Chong, Chinese fast food restaurant”, suddenly pulled out!
It was revealed today that Osama Bin Laden was captured 3 months ago in Pakistan, and has been residing ever since in the basement of the White House. They’ve been waiting for the most politically advantageous time to announce his capture. President Bush, however, has had second thoughts about bringing Bin Laden to the “State Of The Union Address” on a Leash.
MTV, now being called by some “Empty-V”, from now on will only be playing 3 videos a day. The rest of the programing will consist of infinite variations of the “Real World”
Keefer Sutherland, has signed on for another season as Jack Bauer in Fox TV’s top show. Due to stipulations in his new contract, which call for a shorter work week, the name of the series will be changed from “24” to “19”.
Filed in 24, african baby races, angelina jolie, apocalypto, brity spears, butterfly mcqueen, gone with the wind, halle berry, hillary duff, James Brown, john travolta, katie cruise, keefer sutherland, l. ron hubbard, late great planet earth, madonna, mammy, mel gibson, michael richards, mtv, osama bin laden, president, robert goulet, rosie o'donnell, samuel l. jackson, scientology, seinfeld, sex machine, suri cruise, the real world, today show, tom cruise, Uncategorized, vagina monologues
2 Responses to “If It’s On The Internet, It’s Gotta’ Be True! Angelina and Madonna Cat Fight in Africa!”
A singing vagina? Does Lloyds of London insure that sort of thing???
Bennie Escott Says:
Good read, good points, a number of which I’ve got learned along the method in addition (humility, grace, layoff the controversial stuff).
« GOODBYE 2006 – HELLO 2007!
Yes, I Do Believe In Magic And Of Course… The Lovin’ Spoonful! »
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The Truth About So-Called ‘Conversion Therapy’
Posted Jul 09, 2019 by Michael L. Brown
In light of the latest attack on sexual orientation change efforts (SOCE), namely, Amazon’s banning of books on the subject, we do well to separate fact from fiction. Are these change efforts really so dangerous? Should they be banned and even criminalized?
According to the critics, “conversion therapy” is dangerous and harmful because it tries to change something that cannot be changed, akin to trying to change a lefthanded person into a righthanded person. In keeping with this analogy, it would also say that there is something fundamentally wrong with being lefthanded.
As expressed in California’s SB 1172, which was signed into law in 2012 and criminalized SOCE for minors, “Sexual orientation change efforts pose critical health risks to lesbian, gay, and bisexual people, including confusion, depression, guilt, helplessness, hopelessness, shame, social withdrawal, suicidality, substance abuse, stress, disappointment, self-blame, decreased self-esteem and authenticity to others, increased self-hatred, hostility and blame toward parents, feelings of anger and betrayal, loss of friends and potential romantic partners, problems in sexual and emotional intimacy, sexual dysfunction, high-risk sexual behaviors, a feeling of being dehumanized and untrue to self, a loss of faith, and a sense of having wasted time and resources. This is documented by the American Psychological Association task force on Appropriate Therapeutic Responses to Sexual Orientation in its 2009 Report of the task force on Appropriate Therapeutic Responses to Sexual Orientation.”
Is this true? Certainly not.
According to Christopher Doyle, himself a former homosexual and today, a licensed therapist, “Despite the claims of harm cited in SB 1172, the American Psychological Association task force did not actually provide evidence to back up the 28 health risks listed above. In fact, none of these health risks have been documented in the scientific peer-reviewed literature outside of a few published and unpublished anecdotal reports from adults. But there is not one single outcome-based study in the scientific literature of minors undergoing SOCE therapy to back up these claims.”
In short, while there is no doubt that some people have been hurt by SOCE, there is also no doubt that the harm has been exaggerated.
In fact, it is these exaggerated charges, including shock treatment and torture camps (as if sadistic therapists try to torture gays into becoming straight), that have been used to criminalize SOCE efforts for minors in other states.
Not only so, but many people have been helped through SOCE.
As noted by Brandon Showalter, “A new study is challenging the American Psychological Association's contention that therapies for unwanted same-sex attraction are harmful.
“The study, ‘Effects of Therapy on Religious Men Who Have Unwanted Same-Sex Attraction,’ which was first published July 23 in The Linacre Quarterly, finds that sexual orientation change efforts (SOCE), often derisively called ‘conversion therapy,’ improves the mental health of participants. Researchers surveyed 125 male residents of the United States.”
We should also remember that the very term “conversion therapy,” as noted by Showalter, is derogatory more than descriptive. It was coined by critics to describe professional efforts to help people with unwanted same-sex attractions (or, unwanted gender identity confusion). This would be like white supremacists calling the Civil Rights movement the “Negro Aggression Movement.”
Such derogatory monikers are unfair and unhelpful. That’s why we do better to speak of SOCE. Why use the language of the critics?
As to the alleged harm of SOCE, while it’s true that there have been examples of abusive practices in the past, similar abuses have been documented in other types of psychotherapy as well. (In other words, shock treatment was formerly used to treat a wide variety of mental disorders.)
More importantly, professionals involved in SOCE engage in talk therapy, speaking with their clients and helping them get to the root of their inner-conflicts and struggles.
What on earth is so bad about this? What is so frightening?
I could also point to a book like Twelve-Step Horror Stories which “tells tales of unmitigated horror. And all of them occur either in 12-step support groups or in treatment based on the 12 step of Alcoholics Anonymous.”
Should all twelve-step programs be banned? Should books promoting them be removed from Amazon?
And what of various diet fads, leading to many horror stories? Should diet books be banned? Should weight-loss programs be criminalized?
Why is it, then, that books promoting SOCE that are singled out? Why is it professional therapy that addresses LGBT concerns that is being banned and criminalized?
Even the idea that homosexuality is immutable, a sacred plank of gay activism, is being challenged on many new fronts.
In fact, Dr. Lisa Diamond, a lesbian activist and respected researcher in the American Psychological Association, said this in one of her lectures: “I feel as a community, the queers have to stop saying, ‘Please help us. We’re born this way, and we can’t change’ as an argument for legal standing…and that argument is going to bite us in the a**, because now we know that there’s enough data out there, that the other side is aware of as much as we are aware of it.”
Yes, the data is out there, but LGBT activists and their allies want to suppress it. Let the truth be told.
Rod Dreher pointed out that currently, on Amazon, you can buy books ranging from Hitler’s Mein Kampf to Sayyid Qutb’s Milestones, “which calls on Muslims to wage relentless global jihad against non-Muslims and insufficiently radical Muslims, until the entire world is under radical Islamic rule.” But you can no longer buy books by the Catholic psychologist Dr. Joseph Nicolosi.
He writes, “You can buy the work of Dr. Joseph Goebbels on Amazon.com, but not the work of Dr. Joseph Nicolosi!”
Indeed, “Amazon.com now bans the sale of works of an author that LGBT activists find offensive. Woke capitalism at its finest. Where does this stop?”
What, then, makes Dr. Nicolosi’s books so bad? Why are they so exceptionally dangerous? How evil is so-called “conversion therapy”?
In the words of the gay activist largely responsible for getting the books removed, “Our hard work finally [expletive] paid off!! We got the homophobic books pulled from Amazon!!!”
This was nothing less than gay activism at its totalitarian worst. There is nothing enlightened, inclusive, or tolerant about it.
Let the truth be told.
If people don’t like books on SOCE, they don’t have to buy them. And if they don’t want to participate in SOCE, they don’t have to.
Why can’t we live with that?
Sign Up or Login to post comments.
Skeptic posted a comment · Jul 09, 2019
Sorry, but we can't live with that. Being left handed is as good or bad or better neutral as being homosexual. Nothing "fundamental" wrong with it. It's that simple ;-) It's your rhetoric which is wrong, it's your twisted, christian ideas which make gays undergo conversion therapy in order to "fit" into your "norms", make their same sex attraction unwanted.The sad thing is that many in the LGBTQ community commit suicide because of sentiments like yours. And by the way: When Amazon, a private company, stops selling these books (I'm actually not in favor of this) its "capitalism at its finest". When a christian company, hmmmm lets say... a baker, doesn't sell a cake to a gay couple, its your beloved "religious freedom". Well done!
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ExoMars: ESA And Roscosmos Set For Mars Missions
March 14, 2013 George Arnold Leave a comment
ESA and the Russian federal space agency, Roscosmos, have signed a formal agreement to work in partnership on the ExoMars programme towards the launch of two missions in 2016 and 2018.
Establishing whether life ever existed on Mars is one of the outstanding scientific questions of our time and the highest scientific priority of the ExoMars programme.
The partners have agreed a balanced sharing of responsibilities for the different mission elements. ESA will provide the Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) and the Entry, Descent and Landing Demonstrator Module (EDM) in 2016, and the carrier and rover in 2018.
Roscosmos will be responsible for the 2018 descent module and surface platform, and will provide launchers for both missions. Both partners will supply scientific instruments and will cooperate closely in the scientific exploitation of the missions.
Full Story: http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/ExoMars_ESA_and_Roscosmos_set_for_Mars_missions
Categories: Agencies & Organisations, Astronomy, Exobiology, General Astronomy, Mars, ROSCOSMOS (Russian Federal Space Agency, Solar System, Spaceflight, Unmanned Spaceflight Tags: astronomy, ESA, exobiology, Mars, news, ROSCOSMOS, science, space
Astronomers Celebrate New Era Of Discovery With ALMA Inauguration
ALMA, the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, was officially inaugurated today (3/13/2013) in a ceremony that brought together representatives from the international astronomical community. Today’s event marked the formal beginning of ALMA’s decades-long journey of discovery.
Able to observe the Universe by detecting light that is invisible to the human eye, ALMA will show us never-before-seen details about the birth of stars, infant galaxies in the early Universe, and planets coalescing around distant suns. It also will discover and measure the distribution of molecules — many essential for life — that form in the space between the stars.
ALMA is a single instrument composed of 66 high-precision antennas that function as one telescope. Constructed over a period of 10 years in the high desert of the Chilean Andes at a total cost of $1.3 billion (US), ALMA is an international partnership, combining the scientific, technical, and financial resources of North America, Europe, and East Asia.
The telescope already has provided unprecedented views of the cosmos with only a portion of its full array. With the last of the antennas now undergoing final testing, astronomers will have access to the most sensitive and highest-resolution instrument operating at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths, the transition between infrared light and radio waves.
Full Story: http://www.nrao.edu/pr/2013/almainaug/
Also: http://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1312/
Categories: Astronomy, Observatories & Facilities Tags: ALMA, astronomy, Nature, news, science, space
NASA Rover Finds Conditions Once Suited For Ancient Life On Mars
An analysis of a rock sample collected by NASA’s Curiosity rover shows ancient Mars could have supported living microbes.
Scientists identified sulfur, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus and carbon — some of the key chemical ingredients for life — in the powder Curiosity drilled out of a sedimentary rock near an ancient stream bed in Gale Crater on the Red Planet last month.
“A fundamental question for this mission is whether Mars could have supported a habitable environment,” said Michael Meyer, lead scientist for NASA’s Mars Exploration Program at the agency’s headquarters in Washington. “From what we know now, the answer is yes.”
Clues to this habitable environment come from data returned by the rover’s Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) and Chemistry and Mineralogy (CheMin) instruments. The data indicate the Yellowknife Bay area the rover is exploring was the end of an ancient river system or an intermittently wet lake bed that could have provided chemical energy and other favorable conditions for microbes.
Full Story: http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?release=2013-092#1
Categories: Agencies & Organisations, Astronomy, Curiosity, Exobiology, General Astronomy, Mars, NASA (National Aeronautics & Space Administration), Solar System, Spaceflight, Unmanned Spaceflight Tags: astronomy, Curiosity, exobiology, Mars, NASA, Nature, news, science, space
ALMA Rewrites History Of Universe’s Stellar Baby Boom
Credit: ALMA (ESO/NRAO/NAOJ), Y. Hezaveh et al.
Observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) show that the most vigorous bursts of star birth in the cosmos took place much earlier than previously thought. The results are published in a set of papers to appear in the journal Nature on 14 March 2013, and in the Astrophysical Journal. The research is the most recent example of the discoveries coming from the new international ALMA observatory, which celebrates its inauguration today.
The most intense bursts of star birth are thought to have occurred in the early Universe, in massive, bright galaxies. These starburst galaxies convert vast reservoirs of cosmic gas and dust into new stars at a furious pace — many hundreds of times faster than in stately spiral galaxies like our own galaxy, the Milky Way. By looking far into space, at galaxies so distant that their light has taken many billions of years to reach us, astronomers can observe this busy period in the Universe’s youth.
“The more distant the galaxy, the further back in time one is looking, so by measuring their distances we can piece together a timeline of how vigorously the Universe was making new stars at different stages of its 13.7 billion year history,” said Joaquin Vieira (California Institute of Technology, USA), who led the team and is lead author of the paper in the journal Nature.
The international team of researchers first discovered these distant and enigmatic starburst galaxies with the US National Science Foundation’s 10-metre South Pole Telescope (SPT) and then used ALMA to zoom in on them to explore the stellar baby boom in the young Universe. They were surprised to find that many of these distant dusty star-forming galaxies are even further away than expected. This means that, on average, their bursts of star birth took place 12 billion years ago, when the Universe was just under 2 billion years old — a full billion years earlier than previously thought.
Full Story: http://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1313/
Also: http://www.uanews.org/story/alma-exposes-hidden-star-factories-in-the-early-universe
Also: http://www3.mpifr-bonn.mpg.de/public/pr/pr-alma-mar2013-en.html
Categories: Agencies & Organisations, Astronomy, Astrophysics, Cosmology, ESO (European Southern Observatory), Galaxies, General Astronomy, Stars Tags: ALMA, astronomy, astrophysics, cosmology, ESO, galaxies, Nature, news, science, space, stars
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Effective 10/2/2008 to 1/14/2009. View current
§ 478.124a Firearms transaction record in lieu of record of receipt and disposition.
7/22/2016 6/13/2016 2/11/2016 10/3/2014 8/11/2014 7/9/2012 8/2/2010 1/14/2009 1/24/2003
The Director shall determine in accordance with 18 U.S.C. 921(a)(4) whether a device is excluded from the definition of a destructive device. A person who desires to obtain a determination under that provision of law for any device which he believes is not likely to be used as a weapon shall submit a written request, in triplicate, for a ruling thereon to the Director. Each such request shall be executed under the penalties of perjury and contain a complete and accurate description of the device, the name and address of the manufacturer or importer thereof, the purpose of and use for which it is intended, and such photographs, diagrams, or drawings as may be necessary to enable the Director to make his determination. The Director may require the submission to him, of a sample of such device for examination and evaluation. If the submission of such device is impracticable, the person requesting the ruling shall so advise the Director and designate the place where the device will be available for examination and evaluation.
Previous section - § 478.26 Curio and relic determination.
Next section - § 478.28 Transportation of destructive devices and certain firearms.
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Metrolink is operated by the Southern California Regional Rail Authority (SCRRA) and serves Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, Ventura and North San Diego counties.
The Southern California Regional Rail Authority, a joint powers authority made up of an 11-member board representing the transportation commissions of Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino and Ventura counties, governs the service.
Our Member Agencies:
Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority (METRO)
Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority (Metro) is unique among the nation’s transportation agencies. It serves as transportation planner and coordinator, designer, builder and operator for one of the country’s largest, most populous counties. More than 9.6 million people – nearly one-third of California’s residents – live, work, and play within its 1,433-square-mile service area. The Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority operates the third-largest public transportation system in the United States by ridership with a 1,433 mi² (3,711 km²) operating area and 2,000 peak hour buses on the street any given business day. Metro also designed, built and now operates 98.5 miles (158.5 km) of urban rail service. The authority has 9,892 employees, making it one of the region's largest employers.
Orange County Transportation Authority (OCTA)
Since its formation in 1991, the Orange County Transportation Authority (OCTA) has kept residents and commuters moving throughout the 34 cities and unincorporated areas of Orange County. OCTA’s responsibilities, programs and services impact every aspect of transportation within the state’s third largest county. OCTA keeps people moving by reducing freeway congestion, improving safety and efficiency on our local roads, providing bus service and regional multimodal connections, helping people find ways to leave their cars home, and providing safe, convenient transportation to those with special needs. OCTA began in 1991 with the consolidation of seven separate transportation agencies. By increasing efficiency and eliminating duplicate functions, we save county taxpayers millions of dollars. The OCTA Board of Directors is comprised of 18 individuals that represent Orange County. Specifically, seventeen Board members govern OCTA with the Caltrans District Director serving as the 18th member in an ex-officio capacity.
Riverside County Transportation Commission (RCTC)
Since 1976, when RCTC was created by the state legislature, local voices have had an important and critical role in deciding our transportation future. In 1988, RCTC proposed a half-cent sales tax for transportation, Measure A. When 78.9% of voters approved the 20-year plan, RCTC became the agency charged with making sure the mobility improvements voters wanted became a reality. In 2002, voters approved an extension of Measure A until 2039. Today RCTC plans and implements transportation and transit improvements, assists local governments with money for local streets and roads, helps smooth the way for commuters and goods movement, and ensures that everyone has access to transportation. RCTC is governed by a 34 member Commission that includes a mayor or council member from each of Riverside County’s cities, all five members of the Board of Supervisors, and a non-voting appointee of the Governor.
San Bernardino County Transportation Authority (SBCTA)
San Bernardino County Transportation Authority, known as SBCTA, is the council of governments and transportation planning agency for San Bernardino County. SBCTA is responsible for cooperative regional planning and furthering an efficient multi-modal transportation system countywide. SBCTA serves the 1.9 million residents of San Bernardino County. As the County Transportation Commission, SBCTA supports freeway construction projects, regional and local road improvements, train and bus transportation, railroad crossings, call boxes, ridesharing, congestion management efforts and long-term planning studies. SBCTA administers Measure I, the half-cent transportation sales tax approved by county voters in 1989.
Ventura County Transportation Commission (VCTC)
The Ventura County Transportation Commission (VCTC), is a regional transportation planning agency committed to keeping Ventura County moving! If you drive, take transit, bike or walk in Ventura County, chances are, the VCTC has helped you do it. By working in close partnership with each of the cities and the County, the VCTC is ever mindful of maintaining the character of Ventura County while prioritizing transportation investments. The commission was created by state legislation in 1988 and began operation in 1989, when it assumed the transportation responsibilities of the Ventura County Association of Governments. The VCTC is one of five member agencies which make up the Southern California Regional Rail Authority (Metrolink).
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20 Hospitalized, Over 200 Treated for Heat-Related Illnesses at Warped Tour
Tyler Sharp
Cory Schwartz, Getty Images
The Nashville date of Warped Tour's final cross-country run saw numerous attendees either treated on-site for heat-related illnesses, or transported to local hospitals for further treatment. According to a report from The Tennessean, "at least 20 people" were taken to nearby hospitals and 200 individuals were treated at the tour's first aid location.
Nashville Fire Department spokesman Joseph Pleasant said at the time of the report, "We anticipate more as the first aid tent continues to stay full."
Relief from the heat came around 2:30 eastern time when rain showers rolled through the area. The National Weather Service offered the following after The Tennessean's report: "Although it's technically not as hot and humid as it was last week (currently a heat index of 97° versus 109° on July 4th), it's still plenty hot out there. If you're outdoors for long periods of time, remember to stay hydrated and take frequent breaks in the shade or A/C!"
Although official box office numbers are yet to be available, it was expected that roughly 15,000 people would attend yesterday's date of the tour. Jerry Jones, Vanderbilt LifeFlight public information officer, said that a majority of the people treated due to the heat were young adults who weren't prepared for the extent of yesterday's heat.
Well over a month of the tour's last trek remains. You can check out the lineup and a full list of dates here.
10 Breakout Bands From Warped Tour 2017
Korn Guitarist + Warped Tour Founder Spar on Social Media
Source: 20 Hospitalized, Over 200 Treated for Heat-Related Illnesses at Warped Tour
Filed Under: warped tour
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By Making It A Crime to Feed the Homeless, Many American Cities Are Violating International Agreements and Moral and Religious Principles
Nick Chiles
FDR Memorial: Breadline statue (ca. 2007) at the Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial beside the Tidal Basin in Washington, D.C. by George Segal
In a nation where an estimated 1 in 6 Americans go hungry on a daily basis and where public officials regularly enforce a national allegiance to Christianity and its principles, how is it possible that 31 major cities across the country have laws on the books or have applied community pressure to ban giving food to the homeless or hungry?
It sounds illogical, nonsensical, but that’s exactly what’s happening across the United States, according to the National Coalition for the Homeless.
The coalition felt so strongly about the issue that it published a report last fall called “Food-Sharing Report: The Criminalization of Efforts to Feed People in Need.”
“In recent years, cities across the nation have established a precedent of criminalizing homelessness and pushing the problem out of sight,” the coalition stated in its report. “One method that has become more popular has been to introduce new legislation, designed with the intention of restricting individuals and groups from sharing food with people experiencing homelessness.”
In many cities across the US, a disproportionately large percentage of the homeless population is African-American—individuals who have been dealt a succession of harsh blows by an unforgiving system. That is definitely the case in cities like Seattle, where the homeless population has exploded.
A recent report in the Washington Post also focused in on this issue of pressuring individuals to stop feeding the homeless.
“Late last year, police in Fort Lauderdale busted a 90-year-old World War II veteran named Arnold Abbott twice in one week for feeding the homeless,” the Post reported. “In Raleigh, N.C., a church group said the cops threatened to arrest them if they served food to the homeless. And in Daytona Beach, Fla., authorities unsuccessfully levied $2000 in fines against six people for feeding the homeless at a park.”
The coalition said there are three pervasive myths that allow municipalities to get away with telling the public not to feed the homeless and hungry.
Myth 1: Sharing food with people enables the homeless to remain homeless.
Myth 2: There are more than enough existing meal programs and they waste unused food.
Myth 3: If you stop feeding them, they will disappear.
The coalition’s report debunks these myths in short order. As for the first myth, the coalition maintains that food-sharing programs are often the only healthy safe food homeless people have access to.
“Individuals do not remain homeless because of food-sharing programs; people remain homeless for reasons such as: lack of affordable housing, lack of job opportunity, mental health or physical disability,” the report said. “With all of the existing barriers that prevent individuals from finding work, earning an adequate wage, affording a safe home, and caring for themselves, remaining homeless is rarely a choice at all.”
As for the second myth, the report says food providers in actuality are “overwhelmed and often underresourced.” Federal cuts in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), popularly known as food stamps, have just made matters worse. In November 2013, the federal government cut the food stamp program by 6 percent.
Countering the third myth, the report said, “There are many reasons why people are homeless, including the lack of affordable housing, lack of job opportunities, mental health and addiction, and physical disabilities. This is a multi-dimensional problem, and it should be approached in that manner. To make homelessness disappear, cities have to be creative and address all the root causes of homelessness.”
The report included a comprehensive list of cities that either ban food sharing or actively try to discourage it. These cities include: Atlanta, Birmingham, Las Vegas, Oklahoma City, Phoenix, Denver, Sacramento, Los Angeles, Miami, Orlando, Indianapolis, Baltimore, Nashville, Seattle and Dayton.
“The Right to Food has been recognized as an international human right for many years, however, not until November, 19th, 2009 did the United States and the Obama administration join the consensus on the Right to Food,” the coalition wrote. “Many would say the reason for such hesitation by the US government to join the rest of the world is that, since the Cold War, the United States has distanced itself from social and cultural rights. On the domestic level, critics would say that the right to food is not protected by the US Constitution and it doesn’t fit with our culture. With a new position on the right to food, food scarcity and malnourishment will hopefully become part of international domestic conversations.”
Since the US is now aligned with 185 nations around the world to protect citizens from facing hunger, the coalition said the 31 municipalities that are criminalizing food sharing are violating the international consensus and “also disregard the First Amendment right of religious organizations to exercise their faith and assist their less-fortunate neighbors.”
“Homeless individuals are susceptible to a large number of health concerns and often require additional assistance to maintain relatively healthy lifestyles,” the report concluded. “Nutritional support can help them stay out of the emergency health care system and focus on measures to escape homelessness. Budget cuts and criminalization efforts are misdirected, narrow in scope, and neglect to make long-term policy changes that work to eradicate homelessness.”
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Tag Archives: Childbirth
WHY have a postpartum doula? …
Postpartum doulas provide a much needed service for many new parents, however not all parents are able to pay for someone to come to their home, help them take care of themselves so they can take care of their baby, without judgment, and with a lot of compassion and really great tips for that “babymoon” time.
In today’s New York Times, reporter Zoe Greenberg writes about postpartum doulas in NYC and quotes Dr Christine Morton, one of the authors of Birth Ambassadors!
Birth Ambassadors mentioned in NY Times story: October 2, 2018
Everyone Should Have a Postpartum Doula
Because when a baby comes, friends and families don’t always know how to help.
Tags: Childbirth, DONA International, Doulas, postpartum, pregnancy
Why doulas get no respect. It’s not the science, it’s the culture.
My social media feeds lit up two weeks ago after this New York Times story about doulas was published. At first it seemed that doulas, and the benefits of continuous labor support, had been validated by the paper of record. However, it soon became apparent, from the many comments and later, responses from individual doulas, the NYC Doula Collective, a doula training organization, and Miriam Perez of the Radical Doula, that many doulas and their advocates were dismayed that the article failed to articulate what doulas themselves find valuable about what they do.
The main argument among the rebuttals mentioned above was that the NYT reporter neglected the research often cited as evidence that continuous labor support results in measurable beneficial outcomes for birthing women and their babies. Many also took issue with the characterization of doula support as a personal service, available to privileged women who can afford to pay handsomely for this luxury.
But there’s the rub. Since doulas only attend about 6% of all births, according to Listening to Mothers 3, a nationally representative survey of women’s birth experiences, it’s hard to support the claim that merely adding more doulas to maternity care teams will make a measurable impact on birth outcomes like cesarean deliveries (currently ~32% in the U.S.). In some areas, new maternity models of care are making an impact, by creating a “pregnancy care package,” with a continuum of team care led by a nurse-midwife and coordinated with an obstetrician, nurse, doula, pediatrician, social worker and patient navigator. But even those projects are difficult to scale up to meet the demand.
Doulas, working as isolated entrepreneurs, or even as collectives, may not be as effective, or as respected by maternity care clinicians, as they would if they were a recognized, legitimated part of the “team.” My colleague Amy Gilliland has been writing about the issue of national doula certification, and recently cited the work of another colleague, Jennifer Torres, whose research comparing lactation consultants and labor support doulas found that “both filled a niche in maternity care practice that is not covered by nurses or physicians. However, lactation consultants have been able to influence medical practice directly. They entered through the “front door” and have been welcomed by medical professionals, because breastfeeding is seen as a medical event. However, doulas are not recognized as having anything meaningful to offer to medical professionals, and as such are seen as entering through the “back door.” (see Amy’s blog for a full discussion).
In our book, Birth Ambassadors: Doulas and the Re-Emergence of Woman-Supported Birth in America, we argue that while doulas do provide several benefits to laboring women, the doula role itself is open to critique because of some fundamental contradictions in its definition. Are doulas trained professionals, or “merely” caring women with a passion for birth? Do doulas unconditionally support women’s birth choices even as they hold strong views on the optimal management and outcomes of childbirth? Can doulas advocate for their clients in the hospital labor room without being seen as interfering with the medical management or challenging obstetric authority? These various interpretations are clearly evident in the NYT story and even more so in the hundreds of comments it generated.
Our analysis of doula care in the U.S. maternity context, through a careful examination of its history, observations of training workshops and interviews with doulas and organizational leaders found that:
The reason why doulas are unable to gain respect from the press, the obstetric community and the public is that their primary goal of providing emotional support to women during childbirth is not valued by our culture.
It is well known that facts alone are unlikely to change someone’s deeply held beliefs. Doula advocates’ use of scientific rationale as the warrant for continuous labor support fails to address the underlying cultural belief among many that women’s birth experiences are not that important. Furthermore, unlike lactation consultants, whose goal is to facilitate successful breastfeeding with a client (something of value to hospitals now that The Joint Commission is tracking such rates), the doula’s goal is less clear and clearly less valued by hospitals. On the one hand, doulas and their organizations cite benefits of continuous labor support such as fewer c-sections, yet caution that as individual doulas, the goal is NOT to ensure a vaginal birth, nor question the decision for a cesarean section for any particular client. Instead, doulas typically say their goal is to enhance women’s satisfaction with their birth experience, no matter the outcome, wherever the birth takes place.
Changing the cultural meaning of labor support — the value of women’s emotional experience — is a much harder task than citing research on the clinical benefits of a doula. Any occupation that includes emotional labor is relegated to a lower social status than a comparable one that does not (think school bus driver vs. city bus driver; pediatrician vs. neurosurgeon). Much social science research finds, that in any organization, those workers who are expected to provide emotional care are less valued and less compensated than those who are not.
Doulas and their organizations need to communicate the fundamental value of emotionally supporting women through childbirth.
And that may not be possible using economic or scientific rationales alone. It is challenging to communicate the value of emotional support in childbirth in a context where doulas who engage in entrepreneurial practice charge a higher fee than many obstetricians or midwives are paid through insurance. Furthermore, as we pointed out in Birth Ambassadors, not all doulas speak with one voice, and there is not one organization that speaks on behalf of all doulas. We can see that diversity in the various responses to the NYT article. Interestingly we haven’t yet seen a response from DONA International, the primary doula training and certifying organization in the U.S. Without coordinated leadership from a strong, credible organization that can articulate it, the meaning and value of doula care is left up to anyone with the loudest platform. If doulas don’t want to be compared to Amazon Prime, they need to provide alternative pull-out quotes for articles like the one in the NY Times. And while you can’t always control what the press says, it’s important to insert your view into the cultural dialogue and not leave to others to have the final say. In this case, by an obstetrician, no less, who says, “A doula is like a personal trainer. Not that you can’t do it yourself; it’s just nicer if you have a personal coach for it.”
Tags: Birth Ambassadors, Cesarean rates, Childbirth, Doula, Hospital Births, Midwifery, pregnancy
Chapter 3 Excerpt from Birth Ambassadors
Trained Professional or Caring Woman? Doula Dilemmas
A doula applies a cool cloth to a laboring woman as the nurse looks on
Doulas assert specialized knowledge of the complex intersection of emotional, physical and medical aspects of childbirth, yet simultaneously, portray themselves as kind, caring women with a natural, intuitive ability to improve clinical outcomes in medicalized settings. These claims are complicated by several factors. First, a profession is technically defined as a group that controls entry into its own ranks and possesses specialized knowledge verified through credentialing and licensing. So admission to the profession is strictly controlled through organizational means. But anyone can call themselves a doula – as yet, an unlicensed occupation. Further, the doula’s claim to specialized knowledge is largely experiential, and rests on the constructed, collective experience as women who have birthed socially, among women, since ‘the beginning’.
The dilemmas posed by this juxtaposition create challenges for individual doulas and their organizations. Further, the effect of these viewpoints is that they obscure the real skills, talents and value of what doulas do accomplish.
Midwife and author Pam England, creator of Birthing from Within, a Zen-inspired revisioning of childbirth education, argues that current childbirth education focuses too much on rational information and not enough on women’s intuitive knowledge of how to give birth. Her prescription for this problem is to encourage doulas to come to births “empty-handed and open-hearted,” adopting a mindset she calls “birthing in awareness.”
Christine Morton’s research on the history and experiences of doulas in the United States shows how doulas respond to what they learn in training and later, from their doula experiences. One doula she interviewed (all names are pseudonyms), Maisy, is typical of new doulas who feel anxious and uncertain in their abilities to provide labor support while also aware of author and doula trainer Penny Simkin’s research on women’s long term memories of labor. Maisy was referred to her first client, an Ethiopian Muslim woman, by an experienced doula needing back-up. When she met the client prenatally, it seemed to Maisy that the mom-to-be “wasn’t interested in childbirth, she didn’t really care.” At this visit, Maisy mentioned that her care would involve touching the woman’s body wherever she saw tension, and the woman should then just concentrate on getting rid of tension in those places. But the doula had little time to worry; she was called to the hospital soon after this visit. She later recalled her feelings:
I was really nervous before I got there but it was good that I didn’t have a lot of warning because I just had to go and do it. I remembered what they said at training was ‘All you need to do is be there—if you are just there it improves the outcome, anything you add on top of that is just a plus.’ Fine, I thought, I can be there.
Her dilemma about what she would do as a first-time doula gets at the heart of the contradictions within doula care. The training is brief, there is no supervised student learning, the mode of care can be merely touching a body but the outcomes are said to be medically and emotionally consequential for the laboring woman. Maisy made the commitment to just ‘be there’ and she described the birth as being very satisfactory for her client. She labored after a Pitocin induction and gave birth to her first child without any pain medications. “Yeah, she did it,” the doula said. “She had no drugs, did the whole thing naturally, and I was amazed. She thought it was great and she said she’d never in her life been as relaxed as she was in labor!”
Doula Lorie Nelson identifies the requirements of a good doula this way: Unconditional love. You know, willingness to work with whatever judgment comes up inside of them. I think that is the key factor in a really good doula because I believe that exhibiting caring and respect for the woman regardless of what she’s going through or what she’s choosing is a validating force that that can change her perception of herself in a difficult situation. It’s the most challenging thing for many us. It takes great physical stamina to be a doula. I think …it also takes a high level of sensitivity/perception/ intuition to continually track the energy of the room, of the parties present, and what the woman’s needing.
Another doula in the study, Tiffany, sounds a cautionary note in terms of who is a ‘good doula.’ She stressed the importance of technical knowledge and education. She considers it essential for a ‘good doula’ to know ‘one’s own strengths and weaknesses as a person and boundaries as a doula.’
Perhaps the greatest contradiction of the doula role is the leveling of expertise necessary for quality labor support to one common denominator: being a kind caring woman. The gendered dimension of this role is explicit. Although there are some men who have certified as doulas, their numbers are low. Doula trainers explicitly contrast women’s and men’s knowledge and behaviors at birth: “We all know this intuitively, men don’t.”
Doula practice is explicitly considered ‘women’s work.’ The term doula is itself gendered, coming from the Greek meaning ‘woman serving woman.’ Although the term is often reframed to be more gender-neutral, (‘experienced labor companion’ or ‘labor support person’) in cases where a pronoun is called for, the feminine is used. Doulas themselves see the work as uniquely female.
Although there are some situations that are unrewarding, doulas believe their job is to cope the best they can, knowing they are there, above anything else, to help this woman to the best of her ability. The emotional support provided by doulas during labor is seen as one of the most fulfilling and rewarding aspects of the role. After her first birth as a doula, Christine wrote in her field notes:
I came away feeling so incredibly HIGH and exhilarated. I don’t know how doctors or nurses can do this and do it so impersonally. To me, birth is sacred. There is a story surrounding each new life—connecting the story to the lives that will be responsible for this new one for some time. I am in awe of the incredible leap of faith that goes into having a baby. I felt like I passed the test. I am a doula. I can do this.
Still, receiving rebukes while at a birth from either the client or obstetric clinicians can be devastating to a doula’s sense of competency and personal worth. At a doula retreat organized by local trainers, many women disclosed their own unexpected discovery that they felt unprepared to do the emotional support required of doulas. It was, however, a revelation for them to share their feelings with others, and give it a label, “doula doubt.” Many factors contribute to doula vulnerability: personal issues with birth, an insecure role within the medical hierarchy, and lack of experience are implicated in how individual doulas respond to the interactional demands placed on them to provide doula care, when it doesn’t come naturally.
Work that is defined as “caring” has been a rich source of feminist analyses that attempt to balance the humanistic underpinning of such caregiving with the economic devaluation of the work itself. Caregiving work embedded within reproductive contexts also poses interesting challenges for theorists who explore work, gender and emotional labor. Doula practice provides us with a unique case study to examine how the gendered and emotional meanings of work are “simultaneously expected and rendered invisible” in a newly emerging occupation. It is especially important for examining how the emotional component of intense caregiving work can be seen not merely as an example of economic exploitation as well as an exploration of gender, but also as a motivating factor for the work, in its own right.
The caregiving dimensions of doula practice can be compared with the contradictions and tensions emerging in other types of care work, paid and unpaid. Doulas experience this clash of value systems when the central definition of what it means to be a competent, effective doula also includes a personal identity as a caring, nurturing woman. Contradictions around being ‘selfless’ and ‘of value’ are heightened at a time of socially recognized, ritualized vulnerability—childbirth.
Tags: Childbirth, doula training, Doulas
What does it take to become, and to be, a Doula?
Doulas weave a star of connection, pledging to support each other and their clients
Doulas often consider themselves unique among women because of their strong attraction to birth and caring for birthing women. At the start of one training workshop, each trainee shared what she thought made her unique. Answers included such things as deep-sea diving, gourmet cooking, parachute jumping, or being the eldest of ten children. Then the doula trainer said: “I love to be with women who are having babies. That’s not unique here in this room, but in the world you’ll find it is. What’s unique is that we’ve been given this bug to be with women at this exceptional transition in their lives.”
Doulas understand themselves to be ‘special women,’ who have a deep interest and ability to care for other women during childbirth. This interest and ability is often characterized as ‘uniquely female’ but doulas readily acknowledge that not all women are interested in birth. Among the many factors that bring women to doula training are a long-standing interest in birth and an orientation toward caring for others.
Many women described their reaction to finding out about doulas and doula training as something they had always been looking for but didn’t know existed. They did not want or were unable to become a nurse, midwife or physician, but they still wanted to be around births.
It takes much less time and money to become a certified doula than it does to become a certified childbirth educator. An unlicensed occupation, there are no formal requirements for calling oneself a doula. However, the steps to certification involve finding an organizationally approved training workshop locally (usually available within a day’s drive of most metropolitan locations), paying for the course and materials, reading some books and spending time at a training. Attending the required number of births and doing the paperwork to become certified takes a bit more time and effort.
Women come to doula training out of an ideological commitment to caring for other women during birth, often shaped by their own experiences. Doula trainers say women come because “some have had good birth experiences and want to share that with all women, and some have had bad experiences that they need to heal from.” Sometimes, women become emotional as they share their stories. Trainers encourage personal reflection: “Think through why you’re here. Those stories matter, there’s a lot to be done in understanding your own story of what brought you here.”
During training, doulas learn the definition and parameters of the doula role, the medical and emotional impact of doula-attended births and in particular, how doulas accomplish their job of providing ‘physical, emotional and informational support’ to the laboring woman while protecting the memory of her birth experience.
Doula care is presented as a return to the community-based, woman-centered care that existed prior to the shift from home to hospital births in the early part of the century. In conveying this message, doula trainers emphasize collectively shared, community-centered support of women’s birthing experiences. This focus asserts that birthing has been women’s work, that women intuitively know how to birth but our current culture has developed birth models that interfere with this intuitive knowledge and shared historical practice. Doula trainers present an alternative model for how woman-centered support can reclaim a place within medicalized childbirth in Western cultures.
Trainees learn that their non-medical role is what distinguishes them from maternity care providers and this fills a gap within the current hospital provision of childbirth support. Closing this gap takes two forms: first, the doula’s focus is specifically on the laboring woman’s emotional and physical comfort needs, rather than clinical issues. Second, the doula provides continuous presence and personalized attention to one woman in contrast to the competing demands of the clinicians present, whether nurse, midwife or physician.
In addition to the focus on the non-medical aspects of their own role, doulas learn that pregnancy and childbirth are normal, non-pathological life events. This notion is embedded in the midwifery model of care, described as a holistic approach; one that attends to the diverse aspects of pregnancy and birth: physical, emotional, spiritual, social, economic, cultural, and sexual. Trainees also learn the basics of childbirth physiology and other necessary information, but the emphasis is on birth as a natural physiological process occurring in healthy women, and the fewer medical interventions, the better the outcomes for both women and their babies.
Despite the emphasis on their non-medical role, doulas are nevertheless expected to be conversant with standard medical practices surrounding birth. Trainees learn about pain medications used in labor, and the kinds of information they are expected to give their clients prenatally and during labor to help them make informed decisions. Although critical of the unnecessary use of medical interventions, trainees are expected to be familiar with their indications. Knowledge of anatomy and physiology of childbirth is encouraged in order to understand how to help labor progress in situations where the baby is not in an optimal position.
Doula trainers present the view that labor support should include unconditional emotional acceptance of women and their choices, practical physical assistance and as much information as women need to make decisions that are best for them. Although trainers stress that birth is ‘not just another day’ in a woman’s life, and provide scientific rationale for continuous labor support, they also emphasize the importance of not judging women’s choices for their births or advocating one’s own beliefs on behalf of other women in medical settings.
Doulas learn that one of the most powerful ways they interact with their clients at births is by reframing what is happening from something that is negative or scary into something that highlights the normalcy of labor or the agency of the birthing woman. Trainers communicate the value of reframing events in order for the woman to have a story to tell that places her decisions at the center. Doulas are often present when the first telling of the birth story is announced to family members, especially when it occurs within minutes of the birth. The injunction to ‘protect and nurture the birth memory’ is conveyed during training through a variety of means, including hands-on physical comfort measures. But what the doula says is as significant as what the doula does in shaping the story of that birth for the woman, her partner and their families.
At the postpartum visit, trainees learn that the doula is there to see and admire the baby, and hear the woman’s story of the birth. Trainers caution the doula to not assume that the woman will agree with the doula’s perspective of the birth.
Thus trainees learn that a large part of the doula’s impact on the woman’s memory of birth is accomplished through continuous presence, unconditional support, and reframing events, as they happen, so as to acknowledge and validate the woman’s effort. In the event that the woman feels unhappy or disappointed about some aspect of the birth, the doula’s role is to validate her feelings about what happened, but reaffirm choices she made by reminding her of the factors affecting those choices. This reframing activity is a major part of doula training, designed to ensure a ‘positive birth memory’ for the woman, regardless of the doula’s opinion or experience of the birth.
Women who do not actively practice but intend someday to start or resume doula work still have a place in the doula world; they feel part of the community but are likely to have other family or life commitments. No doula ever renounced the ideology, much like the phrase in midwifery, “once a midwife, always a midwife.” As they continue doula work, many women move into allied childbirth fields that offer more professional status, better income and stable work. Other doulas enroll in midwifery or nursing school to further their interest in technical aspects of maternity care as well as increase their earning potential. Those who came to doula practice from another field, such as social work or counseling, continue to work in those domains but find their newfound experience working as a doula enhances their professional skills and empathy.
The typical practicing doula, then, is a woman who has been drawn by passion to provide care to other women during their births. She has adopted a belief in the transformative and empowering effects of unmedicated, low intervention childbirth but also in the right and ability of women to make their own choices. She strives to provide education and information to women that will give them an open mind to experience whatever lies in store for them at their births. She networks intensively with others who share her beliefs and help her attain her goals. Ideology, rather than professional status or economic reward, keeps her going, with the conviction that she is changing the world, and making a difference.
Tags: Childbirth, doula training
Birth Ambassadors Contributors
Tags: Childbirth, Doulas, maternity care, Midwifery
College Students’ Views of Childbirth
Top 3 words associated with childbirth provided by about 30 undergrad students at a guest lecture by Christine Morton in September 2013. (All students were born vaginally!)
Tags: Childbirth, Student views
Birth Ambassadors, a New Book from Praeclarus Press, Describes Why Doulas Are the Ambassadors for the Midwifery Model of Care
Women who give birth the U.S. often find that it is very difficult, so many are hiring doulas to provide continuous labor support. A new book from Praeclarus Press, Birth Ambassadors: Doulas and the Re-Emergence of Woman-Supported Birth in America, describes the work of doulas, the dilemmas they face, and why they have become the ambassadors for the midwifery model of care in the U.S.
An increasing number of American women are hiring doulas to attend them during labor and provide continuous labor support. For many women, this a way to counter the highly interventionist births they are likely to encounter in American hospitals. Rates of cesarean sections are at an all-time high. Almost half of American women described their recent childbirth experiences as “traumatic,” with 9% meeting full criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder.
Doulas provide individual attention, information, and support to their clients. But this role does not come without dilemmas, as Christine Morton and Elayne Clift describe in their forthcoming book, Birth Ambassadors: Doulas and the Re-Emergence of Woman-Supported Birth in America, new from Praeclarus Press.
One dilemma doulas face is how to advocate for the woman in hospitals, where they may not be welcome. Another dilemma is what doulas should do when hospital policies or clinical practices violate their core beliefs that women have the right to plan for their birth, to be active participants in their care, and to be treated with dignity and respect. This core belief can be at odds with the structural care models currently in place at most U.S. hospitals. Thus, doulas sometimes find themselves in awkward and emotionally charged interactions with health care providers.
While egregious cases of obstetric maltreatment do occur, more common are cases in which a woman’s desire for an unmedicated birth is not respected, or when interventions are proposed without allowing for a full discussion of risks and benefits. Women may feel coerced into intervention because clinicians implicitly–or explicitly– convey the idea that if a woman does not comply, she will harm her baby. Knowing how to handle situations like these is often difficult for women working in hospitals as doulas.
Women often become doulas because they want to support women in childbirth. But to continue, they need to find ways to navigate the challenges inherent in their role. Birth Ambassadors summarizes results of the first scholarly study of the role of doulas and the dilemmas they face. It is a fascinating and readable volume destined to become a classic in women’s health.
Christine H. Morton, PhD is a research sociologist whose research has focused on women’s reproductive experiences and maternity care roles. Since 2008, she has been at Stanford University’s California Maternal Quality Care Collaborative, where she conducts research on maternal mortality and morbidity.
Elayne G. Clift, MA is a writer, journalist, and Humanities adjunct professor. She has worked internationally as a health communications and gender specialist, and is an educator/advocate on maternal and child health issues. A volunteer doula and Vermont Humanities Council Scholar, she has edited anthologies and published fiction and poetry collections, a novel, and a memoir.
Praeclarus Press is a small press founded by Dr. Kathleen Kendall-Tackett and specializing in women’s health. It features books, webinars, and products that support women’s health throughout the lifespan. Praeclarus Press is based in Amarillo, Texas, USA.
Tags: Childbirth, Doulas, Midwifery
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College of Business Joins Online Initiative with BBA Degree
The College of Business (COB) announced the start of an initiative to provide broader access to business education with the launch of the online version of its popular Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) degree program.
The launch is part of the recently announced rollout by UAFS to better serve communities who don’t have ready access to the UAFS campus, but who wish to participate in the quality educational opportunities offered. Currently the initiative includes offerings from the College of Business and the College of Applied Science and Technology (CAST).
The website states that, “The Bachelor of Business Administration degree is a high quality, affordable, marketable, and fully externally accredited business degree. Majoring in business administration prepares students for successful careers in a competitive and fast-paced environment.”
The program details can be viewed on the online degrees website.
Dr. Ashok Subramanian, dean of the College of Business, expressed enthusiasm for the project. “We’re excited to be part of this initiative and expect the online BBA to be a popular option for those seeking to earn a business degree.”
The dean also noted that it will be hard to find an AACSB-quality program at such an attractive cost. “It’s simply one of the best values in the country, period,” he said.
Program notes state that the online program is geared toward people who are seeking to complete a business degree, likely have some credits accumulated already, or perhaps hold an associate degree. Military service members are expected to find the offering particularly attractive.
UAFS
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Ephraim's Rescue, written and directed by T. C. Christensen
Film and Theater Review
Salt Lake City, Utah: Excel Entertainment and Remember Films, 2013
Reviewer John Hilton III
A mark of good historical fiction is that it motivates people to study more about the original historical events. While academic history books are the most in-depth and accurate, some lay readers may find them difficult to digest without some impetus. Novels and films based on real-life experiences can pique the curiosity of audiences and motivate them to tackle more difficult material. In the quest to determine what "really" happened, the record of the events, the interpretation of the events, and the dialogue about the events can enrich lifelong learning when using a variety of media, especially in these times of such new-media enthusiasm.
Ephraim's Rescue motivated me to learn more about Ephraim Hanks and the experiences portrayed in the movie. The film begins with an account of an elderly Ephraim Hanks racing to the Johnson home to heal Sister Johnson, who is seriously ill. When Hanks arrives, Brother Johnson informs him that he is too late—his wife passed away two hours previously. Nevertheless, Ephraim washes his hands and proceeds to administer to Sister Johnson, who is raised from the dead. In the blessing, Ephraim promises her that she will yet give birth to seven daughters, who will stand by her in future times. While watching the movie, I wondered to myself, did this sequence really happen, or is it an exaggeration made for dramatic purposes? So I did some research.
A mark of good historical fiction is that it motivates people to study more about the original historical events. While academic history books are the most in-depth and accurate, some lay readers may find them difficult to digest without some impetus. Novels and films based on real-life experiences can pique the curiosity of audiences and motivate them to tackle more difficult material. In the quest to determine what “really” happened, the record of the events, the interpretation of the events, and the dialogue about the events can enrich lifelong learning when using a variety of media, especially in these times of such new-media enthusiasm.
Ephraim’s Rescue motivated me to learn more about Ephraim Hanks and the experiences portrayed in the movie. The film begins with an account of an elderly Ephraim Hanks racing to the Johnson home to heal Sister Johnson, who is seriously ill. When Hanks arrives, Brother Johnson informs him that he is too late—his wife passed away two hours previously. Nevertheless, Ephraim washes his hands and proceeds to administer to Sister Johnson, who is raised from the dead. In the blessing, Ephraim promises her that she will yet give birth to seven daughters, who will stand by her in future times. While watching the movie, I wondered to myself, did this sequence really happen, or is it an exaggeration made for dramatic purposes? So I did some research.
In many instances, I found some corroboration in the book Scouting for the Mormons on the Great Frontier, such as the account of a heavenly message inviting Hanks to help the handcart companies.1 This book, written by Ephraim’s son and grandson, presents many events recounted in Ephraim’s Rescue. As with most historical retellings, Scouting for the Mormons is not an unbiased account; nevertheless, it represents some of the historical materials available to Christensen as he made the film and to those interested in other ways of framing this particular historical narrative. Perhaps a more historically rigorous source, which also verifies many of the details of the movie, is Richard K. Hanks’s master thesis, “Eph Hanks, Pioneer Scout.”2
On some occasions, I was disappointed to learn that a scene had stretched the truth. A particular blessing from Hanks has incredible verbiage that I felt was quite faith-promoting. Alas, upon further investigation, I learned that the specific words depicted in the blessing were an instance of dramatic license. This highlights a potential pitfall of historical fiction, namely that fictionalized events are too often assumed to be true. That history and narrative are intimately connected is not a new idea; however, the complicated relationship between event and record is especially brought to the foreground in this film.
There are also some events portrayed in this movie that we know did not happen (for example, a blessing stating that at some future time, through means unknown, people would hear of a certain miracle). These examples of dramatic license are represented alongside events that we know did happen and can be verified through a historical record. However, one cannot fault T. C. Christensen, the director of Ephraim’s Rescue, for adding in details where few are known; in fact, he works magic with the materials available to him. Part of the work of filmmakers is to dramatize the past in such a way that it becomes present to viewers. Christensen has done so, further establishing his mastery of faith-promoting narrative.
Known also for his cinematographic expertise in films such as The Testaments, Joseph Smith: Prophet of the Restoration, and 17 Miracles, Christensen has again found success in weaving together the stories of Ephraim Hanks and Thomas Dobson of the Martin Handcart Company in an outstanding film for the whole family, although small children may be troubled by the disturbing elements of pioneers in distress. As with 17 Miracles, the cinematography is aesthetically pleasing and the musical score is moving. These cinematographic details draw viewers into the storyline and invite them to imagine being present for the events portrayed.
While the narrative structure sometimes demands a departure from historical events, I was impressed by the detail with which Christensen portrays Hanks. For example, after Hanks shaves off his beard, he refers to himself as a “peeled onion,” a line that is attributed to Hanks in Scouting for Mormons. Later in the movie, Hanks spends the night at the home of a couple in Draper, Utah. Viewers overhear a few seconds of conversation before they all retire; the conversation portrays Hanks recounting a story in which Brigham Young instructed him to tear down the foundation of the house he was building and make it twice as thick. While this story is not a focal point, it is an illustration of the faithfulness with which Christensen attempts to render the film; even a small side-conversation uses words that Hanks is purported to have said.
Memorializing the stories of the pioneers is not an easy or insignificant feat. President Gordon B. Hinckley said, “Stories of the beleaguered Saints and of their suffering and death . . . [and] of their rescue need to be repeated again and again. They speak of the very essence of the gospel of Jesus Christ.”3 With Ephraim’s Rescue, Christensen provides motivation for many to learn more about these stalwart Saints. Perhaps most importantly, this film can instill, as it did in me, a desire to be a more faithful Latter-day Saint, which is a goal worthy of both history and narrative.
John Hilton III is Assistant Professor of Ancient Scripture at Brigham Young University. He received his MA from Harvard and his PhD from BYU, both degrees in education. He worked in the Church Educational System for eleven years and also managed their social media and public internet sites.
1. Sidney Alvarus Hanks and Ephraim K. Hanks, Scouting for the Mormons on the Great Frontier (Salt Lake City: Deseret News Press, 1948).
2. Richard K. Hanks, “Eph Hanks, Pioneer Scout” (master’s thesis, Brigham Young University, 1973).
3. Gordon B. Hinckley, “Reach with a Rescuing Hand,” Ensign 26 (November 1996): 86.
Pioneer Period
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Savva Morozov: wife
As the wife of Savva Morozov after his death
Children Of Savva Morozov
The wife of Savva Morozov Zinaida Grigorievna was born in the Russian Empire in 1867. The family was of average wealth, the girl’s father was listed as a merchant of the II Guild. On the early Zinaida little information, it tried to teach the basics that should know the girl of the time. At 17 Zena was given to the crown for Sergei Morozov Vikulovich. I wonder what the wedding day Zinaida met her second husband Sabas, who is Sergey Vikulovich had the nephew. New husband preferred to spend more time with friends than his wife, and their marriage then the problems started.
Photo: Zinaida Grigorievna Morozova
The second fateful meeting with Savva happened at the Christmas ball, where the girl went without her husband, because he preferred to go hunting. After that, the relationship Savva and Zinaida was developed very quickly and, despite the protests of the family, they were married.
Then the girl began to teach the basics of social life, and I must say, the lessons she has learned very quickly. Zinaida childhood was a spirited child, to a more Mature age her mind became more alive. She was able to make useful contacts, well-disposed budget and with different principles.
Morozov happy marriage lasted 19 years, until 1905, when fate came knocking. The couple went on vacation to a foreign resort, and a few days Savva was found in his room with a bullet through his chest.
Photo: the widow of Savva Morozov
I believe the official version of suicide, but historians still disagree. The wife of Savva Morozov Zinaida said that he saw how a man went from the room of her husband. The death of her husband, Zina suffered heavily, despite the fact that in recent years their marriage started to crack. The legacy she inherited all of the state Morozova, which the woman skilfully disposed.
In 1907, Zinaida G. was again married, this time choosing in the wife of her former boyfriend. General Reinboth was poor but had a good position at court. However lasted family life is not long, soon Reinboth was accused of embezzlement of government property.
The former Morozov’s hired the best lawyers, the case was won, but the marriage could not be the same. After the divorce Zinaida survived the revolution and the loss of almost all their property, which gave the possession to the state. She settled in the village of Il’insk, where he lived until his death (1947).
Her second husband, Zinaida gave birth to four children:
Timofey Savvich (shot)
Maria Savishna (died from mental illness)
Elena Savvina (emigrated to Brazil)
Savva Savich (was sent to the GULAG)
Jay Leemo said his defect was the trick
Jamie Foxx and Katie Holmes exchanged scents
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NY State Legislature Tries Circumventing SCOTUS
by Avery Phillips
On June 27, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of Mark Janus, an Illinois government worker who dissented from union representation and paying union fees, in the case of Janus v. American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees. The court held that mandatory “agency fees” charged by unions for collective bargaining on behalf of nonmembers forced to accept representation by the union by law violate the First Amendment protections of free speech and association.
Collective bargaining—when done on behalf of government employees—is an inherently political activity since the union is advocating for certain standards and benefits for a group of people from a government agency. It makes sense that some employees would strongly disagree with some aspects of the union’s mission. Workers who have decided to opt out of union membership based on opposing political beliefs or because they don’t believe they need what the union is offering will be able to keep more of their hard-earned money—rather than pay into a system from which they do not receive clear benefits or support.
The Janus decision benefits the independent worker and supports our economy because it gives government workers more autonomy over their professional lives. Those employees can now negotiate the income and work environment that works for their personal needs, and they can choose how to spend more of their income. According to a report from the Albany-based think tank, the Empire Center, non-union public workers could save roughly $53 million a year in agency fees, and members who opt out of their union could save upwards of $110 million as a result of Janus. This is great news for the American workforce, right?
Wrong… at least according to union leaders and labor union-supported liberals.
As Justice Elena Kagan wrote in her dissent in Janus, “Public employee unions will lose a secure source of financial support.” This loss of revenue will in turn severely affect unions’ ability to engage in politics. (Never mind that past precedent allowing agency fees—in both the private and public sectors of employment—is based on the pretext that such payments not be used for political and public policy purposes.) How will they be able to influence elections and line their pockets without the money they’re forcing out of the pockets of individuals who have no choice but to pay?
In response, creative liberal politicians are now looking for ways to keep the unions afloat. One New York state assemblyman, Richard Gottfried (D-Manhattan), is drafting legislation to work around the Janus decision. (Over the course of his tenure in the N.Y. state legislature, Gottfried has received endorsements from some of the nation’s most prominent pro-union groups and unions, among them the AFL-CIO labor union federation, Citizen Action of New York, a community organizing outfit; the “union that rules New York,” Service Employees International Union 1199; and New York City’s public schoolteachers’ union, the United Federation of Teachers, an organization affiliated with the American Federation of Teachers.)
Gottfried’s plan, according to one source, would use taxpayer money that has been set aside for members’ raises and essentially give it directly to the union by folding the unions’ collective bargaining costs into their contracts with the government. It would then turn into a trickle-down system where the union gets paid first with taxpayer money to cover their collective bargaining, and the employees receive a reduced raise after the union gets its cut.
Under Gottfried’s reported proposal, the government worker union could financially support the election and policy agendas of politicians, who could then use the taxpayers’ money to fill the treasuries of the government worker unions, which could then provide financial support to re-elect the politicians and support their policy agendas. It’s a nice racket if you can get it.
One professor from the Davis School of Law at the University of California said that this plan would not be another attack on the First Amendment. It would instead “say that New York believes that public sector bargaining is important. The government can’t force individuals to fund it…but the government thinks it’s important enough to fund itself.”
There’s one issue with that statement.
The government doesn’t just have its own money to throw around. Actually, it gets its money from the people—individuals who work hard to earn that money. It gets that money through taxation, which, in and of itself, is a forced payment to the government from an individual—including non-union member public sector workers who would rather see their money go toward something they support and not into the coffers of a union that use money to “collectively bargain” for its own interests.
Gottfried’s proposal is a naked political power grab and an end-run around the First Amendment freedoms protected by the Supreme Court of the United States’ decision on Janus. If this legislation ever comes to fruition, the only winners will be union bosses and the politicians they patronize.
Avery Phillips
Avery Phillips is a CRC research intern. She studies political science and history at Bryn Athyn College.
+ More by Avery Phillips
Backers of Nationwide Government Worker Union Privileges Should Watch What They Wish For
by Michael Watson on June 26, 2019
UAW Fails at Volkswagen, Again
Big Labor Swats Away Its “Kick Me” Sign
by Michael Watson on June 7, 2019
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(317) 834-9776 | Mooresville
(317) 535-6396 | Whiteland
Abortion Education
ABORTION INFORMATION AND EDUCATION
Abortion Overview
Am I pregnant? If you think you might be pregnant, you need information on all your options. You may be considering an abortion.
Some women feel like now isn’t a good time to have a baby. You may also worry you won’t be able to continue on in school. Because abortion is a permanent decision, it can be a good idea to take a couple of days to get as much information as you can about all your options to make the best choice for you.
Before you deal with the stress of that decision, though, it’s a good idea to make sure you’re pregnant. Many women who contact us are upset about needing to make this choice, because they are late for their period.
A late period isn't only a sign of pregnancy. There are many reasons your period could be late. Stress, a change in diet, a change in exercise or more, all can have an effect on a woman’s period. To know for sure, it’s always a good idea to have a pregnancy test.
Even though pregnancy tests are generally accurate, it can also be a good idea to get an ultrasound. This can tell you if your pregnancy is viable.
Contact us to make an appointment or get real-time help. We can help you think through your options and offer free pregnancy tests and services. We don’t make any money on you, no matter what decision you make.
While we don’t perform or refer for abortions, we’re here to give you all the options you need to make the healthiest choice possible.
Medication Abortion (First Trimester – Up to 10 Weeks LMP)
You may hear the abortion pill referred to as medication abortion, early medication abortion, RU-486, or the two doses involved—Mifeprex (Mifepristone) and Misoprostol. The abortion pill is intended to end a pregnancy through abortion in a woman who has had her last period within the past ten weeks (70 days).
Almost 25 percent of U.S. abortions are early medication abortions,[1] and doctors in some states can prescribe an abortion pill remotely in what is called a telemed abortion.
The FDA has approved the abortion pill up to the 70th day after a woman’s last menstrual period.[2] Unfortunately, some doctors put women at an even greater risk of injury by prescribing the abortion pill to a woman who is past the FDA’s approved 70-day-limit. Sadly, some doctors have been arrested and charged with giving the pill to women who were not even pregnant. [3]
We want you to be safe, no matter what you choose. Whether you choose abortion, parenting or adoption, if you think you might be pregnant, make sure you have an ultrasound before you make your choice. Ask for a doctor or other qualified medical professional (registered nurse or sonographer) to do an ultrasound to make sure you’re pregnant and within the ten weeks (70 days) the FDA requires for the abortion pill.
Another reason you need an ultrasound is a medication abortion is useless in the case of a life-threatening ectopic pregnancy[4] —which means your baby is growing in your fallopian tubes rather than your uterus. Your life could be in danger if you do not start by getting an ultrasound.[5]
If you choose to end your pregnancy with a medication abortion, you will need to make three separate visits to the doctor’s office:
On the first visit, you will be given three pills (Mifepristone). This will to begin the process of ending your pregnancy by causing the death of your embryo.
Note: If you change your mind after the first visit, please contact us and we will connect you with a network of doctors who can reverse the effects of Mifepristone in some cases.
Two days later, if your embryo has not been expelled from your body, you will be given a second drug, Misoprostol, which induces labor, to complete the abortion.
One to two weeks later, you would make a third visit to check whether the abortion has ended your pregnancy. Some women may need a first trimester aspiration abortion if the medication abortion did not go as expected.
This is your decision to make. But please know, you do not have to make it alone. You can contact us to schedule an appointment. We are here for you.
First Trimester Aspiration Abortion (5-14 weeks after last menstrual period (LMP)
One common method of abortion, which is often widely used because it takes less time and abortion clinic visits than a medication abortion, is a first trimester (first 12 weeks) aspiration abortion.
Although the abortion procedure itself can take as little as 15 minutes, a patient who is further into her first trimester of pregnancy would need to be dilated hours—and sometimes a day—before the abortion. Some doctors give their patients a dose of misoprostol, which is used in medication abortions, to soften the cervix before the abortion.
Once the patient’s cervix has been dilated, the abortion practitioner passes a “cannula”—a plastic tube—through her cervix and into her uterus. Once the cannula is in the patient’s cervix, the abortion practitioner uses it to pull the embryo or fetus out of her uterus.
Abortion providers may also use a procedure called an early-stage aspiration abortion if the patient is 5-9 weeks pregnant. He or she would use a hand-held syringe to pull the embryo out of the patient’s uterus. Aspiration abortions from 10-14 weeks often require a machine-operated pump.[6]
In a first trimester aspiration abortion, the abortion practitioner finishes the procedure by looking to see that every part of the embryo or fetus—as well as the patient’s placenta—has been removed. This lowers the risk of infection and complication.[7]
Most first trimester aspiration abortions require local anesthesia, while some require general anesthesia.
Although most states require that only licensed physicians perform an aspiration abortion, California allows registered nurses, midwives, and physicians assistants to perform the procedure.[8]
Some women get a first trimester aspiration abortion to finish a medication abortion that did not go as expected. Some first trimester aspiration abortions fail as well. In these cases, abortion providers may use dilation and curettage to complete the abortion.[9]
You deserve to know the whole truth about abortion, fetal development, and maternal health. We are here for you, to provide you with all the information you need to make the healthiest choice for everyone involved in your pregnancy. Please contact us to schedule an appointment today.
Dilation and Evacuation (D&E)[10]
Abortion providers use dilation and evacuation (D&E) to end a pregnancy through abortion during the second trimester. D&E is a combination of vacuum aspiration, dilation and curettage (D&C). The abortion provider also uses forceps to remove the fetus from the patient’s uterus.
A procedure known as an “intact D&E” uses similar tools, which abortion providers use to abort a pregnancy into the final 12 weeks (third trimester).
In a D&E, the abortion provider uses an ultrasound to locate the fetus. He or she then decides whether to use a vacuum aspiration or D&C procedure to pull the fetus out of the patient’s uterus. The abortion provider bases his or her decision on how big and how far along the fetus is in terms of development.
Remember, as a patient, you have the legal right to change your mind about an abortion decision at any time before the actual procedure begins. You can find out more about your legal rights in this decision by contacting us or scheduling an appointment today.
Legally, you also have the choice of whether or not your provider will induce fetal demise before he or she starts a D&E abortion.[11] Induced fetal demise means a fetus’ heart is injected with a toxic dose of a chemical such as potassium chloride prior to being pulled from the uterus. Induced fetal demise is also used in labor induction abortions.
If a patient is 16 weeks or less into her pregnancy, many abortion providers will use vacuum aspiration, removing the fetus from the patient’s uterus with suction force.
If the fetus is more than 16 weeks—or younger but above average in size—an abortion provider may use D&C, using a scraping tool to pull the fetus from the patient’s uterus.[12]
At least a day before undergoing a D&C or intact D&E abortion, the patient’s cervix is dilated using Misoprostol or a dilation tool called a “laminaria”. This dilation allows the abortion provider to use tools, including forceps, to pull out the fetus.
In a D&C, the abortion provider starts the procedure by putting forceps through the patient’s vagina and cervix, into her uterus. Using an ultrasound to find the fetus, the provider uses forceps and pulls the fetus out piece-by-piece.
The abortion provider keeps track of what fetal body parts he or she has pulled off, so that none are left in the uterus that could cause infection. Finally, the abortion provider uses a curette[13] and/or suction instrument to remove any tissue or blood clots left over, to make sure the uterus is empty.
Abortion providers who use intact D&E start by crushing the fetus’ skull so he or she could then pull the fetus’ body out of the patient’s uterus. To crush the skull, an abortion provider uses forceps to make an opening at the base of the skull. He or she then uses suction to pull out the skull’s contents, collapsing the skull.
You deserve to know the whole truth about abortion, fetal development, and maternal health. We are here to provide you with all the information you need to make the healthiest choice for everyone involved in your pregnancy. Please contact us to schedule an appointment today.
Labor Induction Abortion (Second and Third Trimester)
Although very few women choose labor induction abortions, some women end their pregnancies through abortion with this procedure during the second or third trimesters.
This abortion procedure ends a pregnancy by first causing the death of a fetus through a lethal dose of a chemical. The fetus is then birthed, which can take 10 to 24 hours in a hospital labor and delivery unit.
The first step in the process is what abortion providers refer to as “fetal demise.” The abortion provider begins by injecting the fetus’s heart with a fatal dose of potassium chloride, using a 25-gauge needle. The patient then is induced to labor and delivers the dead fetus.[14]
Misoprostol, which is also used to induce labor in an early medication abortion, is used to start labor in a labor induction abortion. Mifepristone, also used in an early medication abortion, is sometimes given as part of the process of a labor induction abortion.[15]
Mifepristone causes fetal death by causing the amniotic sac (containing the fetus, placenta and pregnancy-related tissue) to detach from the uterus. Misoprostol is then given to induce labor to deliver the fetus, placenta and other pregnancy-related tissue.
More than 40 percent of women who undergo a labor induction abortion do so because their fetus has been diagnosed with a fetal anomaly.[16] If you are facing this situation, you have three legal options: abortion, parenting, or placing for adoption.
To find out more about these options, please contact us and schedule an appointment today. You deserve to know the whole truth. You have options.
[1] “Fact Sheet: Induced Abortion in the United States,” The Guttmacher Institute, last modified October 2017, https://www.guttmacher.org/fact-sheet/induced-abortion-united-states.
[2] “Medication Guide: Mifeprex,” The U.S. Food and Drug Administration, last modified April 22, 2009, http://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm088643.pdf.
[3] Graham Lee Brewer, “Oklahoma Abortion Doctor Facing Felony Charges Loses State Medical License,” The Oklahoman, Dec. 30, 2014.
[4] “Mifeprex: Prescribing Information,” Danco Laboratories, last modified 2017, http://www.earlyoptionpill.com/how-do-i-get-mifeprex/. See also “$15 Million Lawsuit Filed In Case Of Local Woman Who Died After Abortion,” The Chattanoogan, Aug. 14, 2002.
[5] An ectopic pregnancy is a potentially life-threatening condition where an embryo implants outside of a mother’s uterus, often in her fallopian tube. This condition can only be detected through an ultrasound.
[6] “Abortion: Methods of Abortion,” Columbia University, accessed March 6, 2015, http://www.columbia.edu/itc/hs/pubhealth/modules/reproductiveHealth/abortion.html.
[7] “Manual and Vacuum Aspiration for Abortion,” WebMD, accessed March 6, 2015, http://www.webmd.com/women/manual-and-vacuum-aspiration-for-abortion.
[8] Shannon Firth, “Nurses, Midwives, and Pas Fill Gap as Abortion Providers: When physician is removed does risk increase?” March 3, 2015, MedPage Today, http://www.medpagetoday.com/OBGYN/GeneralOBGYN/50285, last accessed March 10, 2015.
[10] Maureen Paul et al., Management of Unintended and Abnormal Pregnancy: Comprehensive Abortion Care (United Kingdom: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2009), 157-77.
[11] Justin Diedrich and Eleanor Drey, “Induction of fetal demise before abortion, (January 2010), Society of Family Planning, http://www.societyfp.org/_documents/resources/inductionoffetaldemise.pdf, accessed March 6, 2015.
[12] “Dilation and Curettage (D&C),” WebMD, http://www.webmd.com/hw-popup/dilation-and-curettage-dc, accessed March 6, 2015.
[13] Curette: A sharp, loop-shaped medical instrument.
[14] Anna K. Sfakianaki, et al., “Potassium Chloride—Induced Fetal Demise: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Efficacy and Safety,” Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine: 337-341, accessed March 5, 2015, doi: 10.8763/332337.
[15] Rachel Perry, “Options for second-trimester termination,” Contemporary OBGYN, Nov. 1, 2013, http://contemporaryobgyn.modernmedicine.com/contemporary-obgyn/content/tags/abortion/options-second-trimester-termination?page=full.
[16] Sfakianaki, et al. “Potassium Chloride-Induced Fetal Demise,” 337-341. See also: Beth Daley, “Oversold and misunderstood: Prenatal screening tests prompt abortions,” accessed March 6, 2015, The New England Center for Investigative Reporting, http://features.necir.org/prenatal-testing.
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BPATS, Lang Faculty Member Rachel Heiman Awarded ACLS and Stanford Humanities Center Fellowships
Rachel Heiman, chair of the Urban Studies Program and coordinator of Prior Learning in the Bachelor’s Program for Adults & Transfer Students, scored back-to-back achievements recently as she earned an American Council of Learned Societies (ACLS) 2018 Fellowship and a 2018-2019 External Faculty Fellowship from the Stanford Humanities Center.
Heiman, who is also associate professor of anthropology at the Schools of Public Engagement, was awarded the fellowships for her work, Retrofitting the American Dream: An Ethnography of Suburban Redesign.
Peer reviewers selected the ACLS fellows from a pool of nearly 1,150 applicants. Awards range from $40,000 to $70,000, depending on the scholar’s career stage, and support them for six to twelve months of full-time research and writing.
“The 2018 ACLS Fellows hail from more than 50 colleges and universities, including several for which this is the first time a member of their faculty has received an ACLS Fellowship,” said Matthew Goldfeder, director of fellowship programs at ACLS. “Fellows were selected for their potential to make an original and significant contribution to knowledge, resulting from research on cultures, texts, and artifacts from antiquity to the present, in contexts around the world.”
The Stanford Humanities Center offers approximately 25 residential fellowships for the academic year to Stanford and non-Stanford scholars at different career stages, giving them the opportunity to pursue their work in a supportive intellectual community.
In her research, Heiman focuses on the relationship between habits, sentiments, and spaces of everyday life and the volatility of cultural, political, and economic conditions. Her recently published book, Driving after Class: Anxious Times in an American Suburb (University of California Press, 2015) explores middle-class anxieties and suburban life in the United States during the economic boom of the late 1990s. Her previous book, The Global Middle Classes: Theorizing through Ethnography (School for Advanced Research Press, 2012) is a co-edited volume (with Carla Freeman & Mark Liechty) of ethnographic research on the middle classes from a global perspective.
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Moonlight on the Wabash
David Lindquist, writing in the Indianapolis Star, recently took note of the end of the television series The Middle by recalling 20 fictional characters that, as Lindquist wrote, “put Indiana on the map.”
I’m pretty sure that Indiana, which I understand has been populated since around 8,000 years before the birth of Jesus, has been “on the map” at least since 1800 when Congress defined the Indiana Territory, which included what is now the sovereign state, so to speak.
Johnny Gruelle
Anyway, the characters that Lindquist cites for reminding us of Indiana in more recent times included James Whitcomb Riley’s “Little Orphant Annie” who was from Greenfield; M*A*S*H surgeon Frank Burns, who was from Fort Wayne; and Woody Boyd of Cheers, who was from Hanover.
And Linquist’s Hall of Indiana Fame included Raggedy Ann and Andy, who were created by former Indianapolis Star cartoonist Johnny Gruelle who featured them in a series of children’s books that he wrote and illustrated. Gruelle made the first Raggedy Ann doll in 1915 and published the first book, Raggedy Ann Stories, in 1918, and the second, Raggedy Andy Stories, in 1920. Ann and Andy were siblings. I suppose they still are. For a time, the dolls and the books were sold together.
My personal Ann and Andy, circa 1968
Although there are alternative versions of the origin of Raggedy Ann, it appears that was planted in Gruelle’s mind when he found a homemade rag doll in the attack of his parents’ home in Indianapolis and mused that the doll could be the subject of a story. After his daughter, Marcella, was born, and Gruelle observed her playing with dolls, he was inspired to write what became the Raggedy Ann stories.
It is not true, as is often reported, that his daughter found the doll in the attic; nor is it true that Gruelle created Raggedy Ann as a tribute to Marcella after she died, at the age of 13, as a result of a contaminated injection. Anti-vaccination interests have adopted Raggedy Ann as a symbol, based on the latter myth, but Marcella’s death was attributable to the contamination, not to the vaccination itself.
Mug purchased by my parents circa 1941
As for the name of the doll, it is notable that Gruelle’s father, Richard, an artist, was a friend of James Whitcomb Riley, whose poems included “The Raggedy Man” and “Little Orphant Annie”—though why “orphant” rather than “orphan” I am not aware.
Gruelle’s inspiration after finding the forgotten doll has lived on in many forms besides the books, including animated films, a television series, a comic book, a stage play, and a Broadway musical.
Johnny Gruelle was an exceptional talent whose work appeared in the Star as well as the Toledo News-Bee, the Pittsburgh Press, the Tacoma times, and the Spokane Press. In 1911, he and about 1500 other aspirants entered a cartooning contest sponsored by the New York Herald, and Gruelle won with a creation he called Mr. Twee Deedle. The strip ran in the Herald for several years. Not too raggedy at that.
You can read a lot about the history of Raggedy Ann and Andy by clicking HERE.
Posted in Popular Culture, Television, Uncategorized | Tagged "The Middle", children's books, classic dolls, Indiana, Johnny Gruelle, Raggedy Ann, Television | 1 Comment »
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Meet CIAT's Council members
Alex Naraian PCIAT
Alex Naraian PCIAT is the Institute’s President, inaugurated on 18 November 2017 and will serve a two-year term in this role.
He is a Chartered Architectural Technologist and studied at Southampton Institute of Higher Education (now Southampton Solent University) and started his career in the late 1980s.
Currently an Associate Director at Ascot Design, Alex heads up the technical department of the business. He was previously an Associate Director at ADAM Architecture.
For the last decade, he has worked closely with Southampton Solent University in an employer liaison capacity, as well as on a collaborative academic basis for their Architectural Technology Honours degree programme. Alex became an Honorary Fellow of Southampton Solent University in 2016.
Alex has served as Councillor and Chairman for the South East Region. He has sat on various CIAT Accreditation Panels for universities offering Honours Degree programmes in Architectural Technology. He speaks publicly on a variety of subjects at universities, exhibitions and events, such as UK Construction Week, Homebuilding and Renovating Show and Grand Designs Live. He has also sat on steering groups for leading exhibitions. As an author, his articles have appeared in various industry publications.
Outside of Architectural Technology, Alex is committed to philanthropic interests. He has served various charities and clubs, assisting in fundraising, the giving of his time and expertise where he can.
Email:president@ciat.org.uk
Eddie Weir MCIAT
President Elect and Vice-President Practice
The Vice-President Practice promotes the Institute’s practice standards and policies for members practising the discipline of Architectural Technology. As such, the Vice-President Practice works closely with the Vice-President Technical, Practice & Technical Director and Practice Department in overseeing the work of the relevant Taskforces and working groups. These groups cover topics on liability, practice and technical documents, building regulations and legislative issues.
Email:vppractice@ciat.org.uk
Gordon Souter MCIAT
Honorary Secretary
Together with the President and Chief Executive, the Honorary Secretary is responsible for ensuring the smooth running of the Council, Executive Board, AGM and Conduct Committee in line with the Laws of the Institute (the Charter, the Bye-laws, the Regulations and Code of Conduct and other forms of regulatory provision made by the Institute).
For the first eight years of employment Gordon was in private practice with three small practices. As the practices were small, he gained a wide and varied experience quickly which has stood him in good stead through my career. During those years, Gordon was involved in projects from an attic conversion to a new hospital as well as bars, restaurants, factory units, health clubs.
In 1995, he joined a national housebuilding company and since then has remained within the housebuilding industry and is currently with Persimmon Homes West Scotland.
Having spent the majority of his career in the housebuilding industry it follows that Gordon's speciality will be housing of all descriptions, from multi storey flats to individual dwellings. Primarily he is involved in timber frame construction but traditional build poses no problem.
Gordon does not consider the projects he has worked on exceptionally noteworthy with the exception of one project which is the first six storey timber kit housing development in Scotland. He considers his main achievements to be ensuring the projects he works on are from an architectural prospective well managed.
Gordon thoroughly enjoys working in the building industry. It has a great variety of characters and no two projects present the same problems – thus he feels it is essential that he keeps fully abreast of changes to legislation, new products and construction techniques.
He never tires of promoting CIAT at any opportunity and he represents CIAT on a number of committees. Gordon believes CIAT belongs to it’s members and it is only with self promotion by the members that it will continue to flourish in the future. He feels we should all be proud of how much CIAT has achieved in such a short time.
Email:honsecretary@ciat.org.uk
Doug Fewkes MCIAT
Honorary Treasurer
The principal role of the Honorary Treasurer is as Chairman of the Finance Committee. The Finance Committee, works with the Chief Executive and Finance and Operations Manager, to oversee the financial matters relating to Institute business such as the budget, the setting of subscription rates and reviewing and approving the independently audited accounts; and makes recommendations regarding finances to the Council and Executive Board. The Honorary Treasurer also presents to members at the AGM and reports via the Annual Review.
Paul Laycock MCIAT
Paul was originally a site manager. He moved into design management and from there became an Architectural Technologist. He taught at Northumbria University and then moved back into industry as a developer, before returning to education at Birmingham City University in 2005.
He became a member of CIAT in 2004, whilst running his own development company. He is active on the West Midlands Regional Committee and has extensive national roles; as a member of the Education Board; as Chair of programme Accreditation Panels; as one of the original moderators of the Membership Assessment Panels and interviewing candidates on interview panels. More recently, he has co-Chaired the Membership Grade Review and provided support to the Apprenticeship Trailblazer group in producing the Level 6 Architectural Technology apprenticeship standard.
Paul is a Senior Lecturer in the School of Engineering and the Built Environment and Course Director for BSc (Hons) Architectural Technology.
Steven Hedley MCIAT
Vice-President Technical
The Vice-President Technical works closely with the Vice-President Practice, Practice & Technical Director and Practice Department and its relevant Taskforces in overseeing the technical issues relevant to the Institute, which ensure the maintenance and improvement of standards within Architectural Technology and the built environment. The role also embraces current industry issues and the Institute’s practice Awards; the Alan King Award for Excellence in Architectural Technology and the Award for Excellence in Architectural Technology.
Email:vptechnical@ciat.org.uk
Natasha Coles MCIAT
Councillor, Region 02 Yorkshire and aspirATion Group Chair
Natasha is a Chartered Architectural Technologist and is employed by Whittam Cox Architects as a Project Leader. Her current role focuses on the Retail sector delivering projects nationally across the UK.
Her career began at Sheffield Hallam University in 2004 where she studied for a BSc (Hons) Architectural Technology. Here, she gained a 2:1. As part of her studies she undertook a work placement at Humphreys Teal Partnership working on a variety of projects across commercial, retail, residential and specialist conservation projects.
She later completed a PGCE Secondary Design and Technology Education at Sheffield Hallam University gaining a first and later returned back to Humphreys Teal where she continued her career as a graduate. At this point Natasha became a proactive member of the Yorkshire Region and has held a number of roles since, including; Deputy Regional Councillor, Education Officer, aspirATion Chair and now currently holds the position of Regional Councillor and CIAT representative on the CIC Yorkshire and Humber Committee.
As part of a practice merger she joined the team at HTC Architects focussing on retail and housing developments and later joined Whittam Cox Architects undertaking a variety of roles focusing on student accommodation and retail.
Natasha has also recently completed an MSc Technical Architecture at Sheffield Hallam University where she focussed on Community Projects, Vertical Farming, Technical Design Innovation, Natural Disasters Architecture, BIM, Environmental Design and the UK’s Housing Shortage.
Natasha was shortlisted in 2017 for Best Woman in Architectural Technology at the WICE Awards.
Stephen Nicholls MCIAT
Executive Board Trustee, Councillor and Secretary, Region 03 North West
Stephen is the Councillor for North West Region. Former Vice-President Innovation and Research, Executive Board Member and Member of the Institute for over 30 years.
Chris Yorke MCIAT
Councillor, Region 04 Yorkshire
Chris is a Chartered Architectural Technologist and, having spent 19 years working for Doncaster Architects Department, has been running his own private practice (Yorke Architecture) since 2006.
Chris qualified as a Chartered Member in 2003 and in addition to ONC and HNC Building Studies he also gained a BSc(Hons) in Architectural Technology from Sheffield Hallam University.
Robert Davey MCIAT
Executive Board Trustee and Councillor, Region 05 West Midlands
Richard Helliar MCIAT
Councillor, Region 06 Wessex and Regional Secretary
Simon Ward MCIAT
Councillor, Region 07 East Anglia
Simon has been a Chartered Member of CIAT since 1993 and has worked in the field of architectural design since 1979.
He won the Housing Design category of the ‘Technician of the Year’ Award in 1991 and was voted ‘Technician of the Year’ in 1993.
After 23 years of working with architecture in local government, Simon started his own practice at the end of 2002. Current works consist of mainly housing projects in both the public and private sectors with clients ranging from individual home owners to Housing Associations.
Works undertaken typically range from new build to extensions, alterations and refurbishments of older properties.
David Handcock MCIAT
Councillor, Region 08 Central and Secretary
David has been a Chartered Member of CIAT since 2003 and has worked in surveying and architecture since 1981.
He worked with private practices in Central London, Northampton and Slough, local government in North Warwickshire before starting his own practice in Marlow at the end of 1996. Projects consist mainly of housing projects and remodelling in the private sector, with clients ranging from individual home owners to small developers. He also undertakes hand-drawn presentation work.
David has been involved with Central Region since 2003 and has been Secretary, Chairman and Councillor at various stages.
Richard Briffa MCIAT
Councillor, Region 09 Greater London and Treasurer
Stacey Taylor MCIAT
Councillor, Region 10 South East
Stacey qualified as a Chartered Member in 2013 having completed her ONC and HNC in Construction on a part-time basis. Stacey has been practising since 2004, working for award-winning practises in Kent.
Stacey is currently an Associate for a medium-sized practice based in the Weald of Kent, focused on delivering high-end residential projects along with conversions and adaptations to existing buildings throughout the South East. Stacey works very closely with private and developer clients alike to ensure every project is delivered to the highest quality, offering support and guidance throughout a project's duration. She has a keen eye for detailing, paying particular attention to the coordination of the project team.
Stacey joined the South East Committee in 2013 and held the position of CPD officer before becoming the Regional Councillor in 2016. Stacey has sat on professional interview boards as well as being on the membership review panel and currently holds a position on the Finance Committee. Stacey also attends several networking events across the region.
Stacey was nominated and became a finalist in 2017 for the WICE Awards (Women in Construction) for Best Women Architectural Technologist.
Stacey hopes to continue to work with the Institute to promote the discipline of technology and encourage new members to engage with their local committees.
Grant Steer MCIAT
Executive Board Trustee, Councillor, Region 11 Channel Islands
Paul Chapple MCIAT
Councillor, Region 12 Western
Paul is a Chartered Architectural Technologist, Chartered Building Engineer and Incorporated Member of the Association for Project Safety with over 30 years experience. Joining Bailey Partnership in 1998, Paul is now a Senior Associate and leads the technical team with a broad project experience and technical knowledge across many projects ranging from Healthcare and Education schemes in the UK and abroad; Leisure; Commercial; Local Authority and Residential.
Paul has a detailed understanding of planning; building control; environmental (including BREEAM); and fire safety legislation, and has extensive construction knowledge, specialising in design co-ordination and detailing and specification writing. Within the practice, Paul has overall responsibility to co-ordinate with all Principal Designers and Designers across the practice and disciplines on any CDM matters.
Paul is the current CIAT Western Regional Councillor, having previously been the Regional Chairman and Education Officer and has acted as a Professional Practice Assessor and a Registered Supervisor with CIAT. Paul is currently supervisor for a number of colleagues progressing through CIAT.
Alongside other colleagues, Paul is a panel member with Plymouth University Industrial Liaison Group, which encourages ‘cross-talking’ with local and national practices and contractors ensuring that students and tutors are made aware of the collaboration with other disciplines within the construction sector. Paul has previously been an Associate Tutor at Plymouth University for the CIAT Accredited BA (Honours) Degree - Architectural Technology and the Environment, and actively encourages students to progress through CIAT.
Tom Warren MCIAT
Councillor, Region 13 Scotland West & aspirATion Vice-Chair
David Smith MCIAT
Councillor, Region 14 Scotland East
David has been working in the built environment for almost 30 years, having worked across both Scotland and England for a number of organisations in differing sectors. He has experienced a variety of Architectural roles including those for Housing Developers, Housing Associations and Private Practices. He studied at Inverness College of Higher and Further Education qualifying with an ONC in Building Studies and then an HNC in Architectural Technology.
David became a fully Chartered Member of the Institute on 19 April 2011. He has been an active member of the Scotland East Region since 2009, taking on a variety of positions over the years at regional committee level including CDP Officer, Secretary and elected to Regional Councillor in 2017.
Email:Herkalion@gmail.com
David Traynor MCIAT
Executive Board Trustee and Councillor, Region 15 Northern Ireland
David has been working as an Architectural Technologist in the built environment for over 40 years. He has worked across the UK and Ireland for various and diverse organisations ranging from Public Authorities to private Architectural Partnerships and privately owned Development companies.
He was admitted as a full member of the Chartered Institute of Architectural Technologists (CIAT) in 1995 and immediately joined the local Northern Ireland Region. David is a key contributor on the Regional Committee and held the post of CPD officer for 6 years prior to being elected as Regional Councillor for Northern Ireland in 2005, a post that he still holds today.
He currently sits on the Finance Committee, having been an Assessor for new Chartered Members and is Chairman/ Director of Architectural Technology Services Ltd. (ATSL) on behalf of CIAT. Additionally, David is an active Trustee on the Executive Board of CIAT since 2012 and was recently re-elected in November 2018 to serve for a further term.
In 2004, David was instrumental in bidding for and winning the honour of bringing the CIAT AGM to Northern Ireland for the first time in the Institute's history. This event included a Technical Conference that was attended by all the professional related bodies within the built environment. On the back of this success, Region 15 bid for the AGM to again be hosted in Belfast in November 2012, in conjunction with the centenary celebrations for the Titanic. This was held at the Titanic Signature Building where over 300 members and invited guests attended an evening of Technical Awards, the inevitable speeches, good food, great music and hours of joyous dancing. Over the weekend, Members attended pre-booked tours of the new Titanic Visitors Centre and enjoyed the fantastic range of exhibits including the state of the art interactive visitor experience housed in an iconic, 6-floor building at the heart of Titanic’s birth place.
This event proved to be very successful and has truly put Region 15 on the map as a must go destination for people to visit and sample all there is to offer in Northern Ireland.
David’s current post as Project Manager with a local Council proves how Architectural Technologists’ skills are transferrable within diverse sectors. Importantly, it demonstrates how CIAT has the ability to establish new partnerships and collaborations to educate others outside the construction industry and to develop and promote shared interest and benefit within the built environment.
Wayne Hopkins MCIAT
Councillor, Region 16 Wales and Regional Treasurer
Wayne is an Associate with Holder Mathias in Cardiff where he has been employed for many years and works in a number of sectors producing information and administrating contracts as well as taking the lead as Principal Designer for certain projects on behalf of the practice.
He has worked all his adult life in the construction Industry and has acquired a varied but extensive knowledge within all sectors of the industry.
Wayne has a strong technical understanding of; many aspects of the industry such as Building Regulations, Construction, Design & Management Regulations (CDM), Building Information Modelling (BIM) etc.
He has been a member of the Chartered Institute of Architectural Technologists for over 30 years and currently acts as the Regional Treasurer for the Wales region. He is also currently Regional Councillor and Treasurer for APS Wales Region.
Wayne is also a Local Authority Governor at a local Primary School as well a Community Councillor for the Ward of Onllwyn where he lives. In his spare time, Wayne enjoys watching rugby, listening to music, reading and playing the odd game of football.
Helena Lee Chui-Lin MCIAT
Councillor, Centre C1 Hong Kong and Secretary
Michael O'Keeffe MCIAT
Councillor, Centre C2 Republic of Ireland and Education Officer
Following graduation from Waterford I.T. in 2009, Michael was fortunate to work in a practice in my local county, Kerry. He joined CIAT in 2010 as an Associate and became a Chartered Member in 2014. He is also an Incorporate Member of the Chartered Institute of Building (CIOB).
In 2011, he joined design-led architectural technology practice healycornelius design in London. Commuting regularly, he has worked on many high-end residential refurbishments and new-builds as well as the restaurant, entertainment and retail sectors in the Greater London area. Michael is responsible for all aspects of projects from brief development and design through permissions and co-ordination of construction teams to management of live projects and site inspections. As of 2015, he manages the Republic of Ireland branch of the practice from our design studio in Killarney, Co. Kerry.
Michael joined the Republic of Ireland Centre (C2) Committee as he's keen to raise the profile of the Institute in Ireland. In his role as Education Officer, his aim is to form the link between the Third Level Institutes and CIAT and help in the promotion of the Architectural Technology discipline by way of membership guidance, informational presentations and attendance at careers events.
Mark Scott-Jeffs MCIAT
Councillor, Centre C3 Australasia and Centre Treasurer
Current location: Perth, Western Australia
Current Employer: Campion Design Group
Associate Design Director for Campion Design Group. One of three directors working closely with our cosmopolitan team of 20 graduate architects and designers. My role is usually as lead designer for a given project.
Louise Drysdale MCIAT
Councillor, Centre C4 The Americas
David Wright MCIAT
Councillor, Centre C5 Asia
Paula Bleanch MCIAT
Councillor, Centre C6 Europe
Paula studied Architecture and Construction Project Management at University and her main field of expertise is in Design Management. In industry she worked for various large contractors as a Design Manager and then led a team of Architects and ATs in a large architectural practice. Much of her work in industry concerned the design and build of large PFI (Private Finance Initiative) projects, including award winning schools, offices, hospitals and library buildings.
In 2008 Paula left industry to join the teaching team at Northumbria University where she was final year tutor on the AT and CM courses and led the final year professional practice project, as well as teaching Building Technology and Design Management at various levels.
She has previously undertaken mentoring training as part of a scheme set up by the National Association of Women in Construction and has particular experience working as a woman in construction. She is very happy to be part of the new CIAT Europe Centre committee and hopes the Committee can work together towards promoting the discipline of Architectural Technology in the Region. The Europe Centre represents the profession of Architectural Technologist across nineteen different countries (Austria, Cyprus, Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Gibraltar, Italy, Lithuania, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Moldova, Romania, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland) and therefore covers a wide area with many diverse approaches to Architectural Technology. They are keen to develop initiatives that will increase the profile and visibility of all our members in Europe.
Please join in whatever capacity you can offer and help us to build a strong voice for Architectural Technologists in the Europe Region! Please feel free to contact her on paulableanch@gmail.com.
Email:paulableanch@gmail.com
Rori Millar MCIAT
Overarching aspirATion Chair & CPD Officer
Rori has been involved with CIAT since graduating in 2012 and has been on the Regional Committee since 2015. During this time, he and CIAT and university colleague Matt Weir founded the “Young Architectural Technologists’ Network” in Northern Ireland. Since, CIAT have adopted this movement in the form of “aspirATion” of which he is the current overarching chair.
Rori has a keen interest in BIM and as a leading figure within the BIM network within Northern Ireland, sits on the NI BIM Steering group. One of his goals for 2019 is to gain Chartership with CIAT, so he looks forward to working his way through the process. He is also honoured to be a Northern Ireland Ambassador for the Architects’ Benevolent Society, a charity that is dedicated to helping architectural technologists, architects, assistants, technicians, landscape architects - and their families – in times of need.
Rori is Head of Digital Construction for the Newry based contractor “Felix O’Hare & Co Ltd” and leads the Integrated Project Team through design development and verification stages. One of the main responsibilities of his job is to ensure collaborative working throughout projects and that everyone is working from correct up to date information. His comparable project experience highlighted is the prestigious £30m Southern Regional College Armagh project.
Rori loves his job, no day is the same! BIM is all about collaboration and he loves interacting with the different roles that it takes to complete a project. He also look after everything to do with IT within the organisation and has a passion for finding innovative ways for completing tasks where processes have remained unchanged for years. There are of course challenges with this, mainly the people so Rori loves it when people are open to new ways of doing things. Solving problems for people gives him great satisfaction.
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Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) protects eligible undocumented immigrants who were brought to the United States by their parents when they were children. DACA provides employment authorization (work permit) and protection from deportation for a renewable two-year period.
Although the Trump administration rescinded the DACA program in 2017, two court injunctions in early 2018 have forced USCIS to continue accepting DACA applications and granting deferred action to those still eligible. This opportunity may not last. A new court order could shut down the DACA program. For many it’s important to renew DACA while you still can.
START DACA APPLICATION
paths to legal status
The uncertain future for DACA is forcing everyone to reconsider other possible paths to a legal status within the United States. In some cases, individuals have an available path to a green card and don’t even realize it.
Are you married to a U.S. citizen? Has any family relative ever filed an immigration petition on your behalf? Have you ever been a victim of a crime or domestic violence? All of these questions are very important because they may lay a foundation for immigration alternatives aside from DACA. Marriage, employment, asylum status and the U visa are just a few of the possibilities. It’s important that anyone with an undocumented status understands their options. Contact an immigration attorney or other legal service provider to analyze your situation.
A Future for Dreamers
Bipartisan Dreamer legislation was first introduced in 2001 but has struggled to get passage in Congress through its many iterations. The DREAM Act is a proposal for certain undocumented immigrants in the United States that would grant lawful permanent residence (green card).
Senators Dick Durbin (D-Ill.) and Lindsey Graham (R-S.C.) are urging Congress to act quickly to pass a version of the DREAM Act. The most recent version of the DREAM Act, introduced in July, would offer lawful permanent residence — and eventually a pathway to U.S. citizenship — to young immigrants if they arrived in the U.S. as children, obtained a high school degree or GED, and are enrolled in higher education, employed, or serve in the military.
The DREAM Act would allow these young people to earn lawful permanent residence and eventually U.S. citizenship if they:
Are longtime residents who came to the U.S. as children;
Graduate from high school or obtain a GED;
Pursue higher education, work lawfully for at least three years, or serve in the military;
Pass security and law enforcement background checks and pay a reasonable application fee;
Demonstrate proficiency in the English language and a knowledge of United States history; and
Have not committed a felony or other serious crimes and do not pose a threat to our country.
You can urge passage of the Dream Act here.
Replace a DACA Card
Losing your work permit does not mean that you’ve lost your DACA status. Officially known as an Employment Authorization Document (EAD), your work permit is physical proof of your right to live and work in the United States.
If your work permit was lost or stolen, you’ll need to replace it as soon as possible. DACA status continues to be valid until it expires.
DACA FAQs
Can I still renew DACA?
Most DACA recipients are able to submit a renewal application at this time. CitizenPath can help you prepare all three mandatory forms for the DACA application in a single process.
If you previously received DACA and your DACA expired on or after September 5, 2016, you may still file your DACA renewal request.
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Ecuador - Struck by U.S. Mints
Category: World Coins
Owner: coin928
Set Listing
Ecuadorian Coins Struck by Mints in the United States
Ecuador seceded from the Confederation of Gran Colombia on May 13,1830, and on November 8, 1831, a mint in Quito was established by decree. The minting of true Ecuadorian coins did not begin however until 1833. The Quito mint produced silver coins denominated in reals and gold coins denominated in dablons and escudos for 29 years, ending production in 1862. Every coin produced bore the name of the city where it was minted (QUITO), and the initials of the assayer who was the mint officials responsible for the quality of the coinage. In most Latin American mints however, these initials represent two different officials, generally the chief assayer and his deputy.
In 1872, Ecuador began moving to a system of decimal coinage with the minting of one and two centavo coins with a declared conversion rate of 10 centavos to the Spanish real. The transition to a decimal coinage system was completed in 1884 with the introduction of the silver Sucre (equivalent to 100 centavos) and named after Antonio José de Sucre. Coincident with the conversion to a decimal coinage system, Ecuador began contracting all coining operations to foreign mints. Birmingham, England was the first foreign mint utilized from 1872 through 1886, but minting was extended to Santiago de Chile in 1888, to Lima Peru in 1889, and to Philadelphia in 1895. The traditions of including the name of the city where the coins were minted and the assayer's initials that was begun at the Quito mint were continued on all silver and gold coins minted by the foreign mints. This makes 1895 the first year that the Philadelphia mint was identified on a coin intended for general circulation!
This set is composed of all of the coins struck for Ecuador by mints in the United States from 1895 through 1946. There are 28 distinct date/denominations minted by the U.S. mint, 26 in Philadelphia and two in Denver. Two more coins were minted by the Gorham Manufacturing Company in Providence, Rhode Island in 1919. There are no known varieties for the coins minted by the U.S.mints, however this set does contain one very interesting 1917 error coin. The two coins produced by the Providence mint do contain many varieties, three of which are contained in this set.
Ecuador Coat of Arms
Every coin in this set contains an interpretation of the Ecuador Coat of Arms shown above. This coat of arms has been in use since 1860, but it wasn't officially adopted by the National Congress until October 31, 1900 after a few minor modifications were made. The components and symbolism working outwards from the central elements are as follows:
The snow capped Chimborazo volcano, the highest in the Andes with a summit at 20,549.4 ft., is set against a blue sky. The river emanating from its base is the Guayas. Together, they symbolize the beauty, wealth and synergy of the varied regions of the country.
The steamship in the center of the river is also named the Guayas and was the first of its kind in South America. It was constructed by Vicente Rocafuerte in Guayaquil and began service on October 9, 1841.
The main mast of the Guayas as depicted in the coat of arms is actually a Caduceus, a symbol commonly used to represent trade and commerce.
The band across the sky contains the zodiacal signs for Aries, Taurus, Gemini, and Cancer corresponding to the months of March, April, May, and June which are historically significant to Ecuadorians.
March 6, 1845, the fall of General Juan José Flores' government.
April 21, 1822, the Battle of Tapi in the wars of independence with the Spanish.
May 24, 1822, the final victory of General Antonio José de Sucre at the Battle of Pichincha.
June 5, 1895, the entry of Liberalism and a new political context
Centered in the band is the ancient Inca symbol of a golden sun representing the sun god Inti.
All of the elements above are contained in an oval which is surrounded by four furled national flags, two on each side.
Between the two flags on the left are laurel branches representing the victories of the republic, and on the right are palm leaves symbolizing the martyrs of the fight for independence and liberty.
The colors of the three horizontal stripes of the flag are:
yellow (top, double width) recalls the Federation of Greater Colombia.
blue (center) symbolizes independence from Spain.
red (bottom) symbolizes courage.
An Andean Condor perched atop the oval serves as a crest and offers the country shelter and protection under its outstretched wings. It stands vigilant and ready to strike out against any enemy.
At the base of the oval is a lictoral fasces representing dignity.
The coins minted by the United States Mint from 1895 through 1934 were very consistent in their depiction of the coat of arms, although the depiction of the various elements such as the mountains, river and ship appeared more as a mountainous coastline being approached by an ocean going ship. The style of the ship was changed to appear more modern in the U.S. Mint coins from 1942 through 1946, while the other elements remained unchanged. None of the coins produced by the U.S. mints contained the Caduceus symbol.
The coat of arms was interpreted very differently by the engravers at the Providence Mint. The different colors of the flags are depicted using the engraving patterns appropriate for the heraldry colors they represent. The yellow (or gold) is represent by dots, the blue (azure) by horizontal lines, and the red by vertical lines. The orientation of the lines depicting blue and red may seem reversed, but are correct if viewed as in the picture above. The nature of the ship, river and mountains is much more true to the description of these elements and the use of the Caduceus symbol is very prominent.
Antonio José de Sucre
Another common element on many of these coins is the portrait of Antonio José de Sucre. His name was also used as the basic unit of Ecuadorian currency from 1884 to 2000, so a few words about him are appropriate for inclusion in this set description.
Anyone familiar with Ecuadorian coins will instantly recognize the distinctive portrait of Antonio José de Sucre that graces all of the silver coins in this set as well as the 1946 nickel one sucre coin. Sucre was born in 1795 in Venezuela, and beginning at the age of 15, spent the next 20 years fighting for independence from Spanish rule. During this time he became a collaborator of Simón Bolívar, a Venezuelan general, and the first constitutional president of Bolivia. In1821, Sucre invaded the Ecuadorian highlands from the Pacific coast. His May 24, 1822 success at the battle of Pichincha, delivered Quito into patriot hands effectively liberating Ecuador from Spanish rule. Sucre then went on to Peru where he led the army to a decisive victory at Ayacucho on December 9, 1824. This was the last major engagement of the war. He later settled in Upper Peru (modern day Bolivia) and in 1826 was inaugurated as President of the new Republic of Bolivia. This did not go well and he ultimately resigned in August, 1828. War again broke out and he was called back to active service on the side of Gran Colombia against Peru. Sucre had intended to settle in Quito and on his way there, he was assassinated on June 4,1830. Sucre had said, "I want my bones to be forever in Quito." He got his wish, and he was buried in the Cathedral of Quito, Ecuador.
Sucre is considered the liberator of Ecuador, and appears on much of their coinage. The Ecuadorian peso was renamed sucre on March 22, 1884 and remained the official unit of currency until January 9, 2000 when Ecuadorian President Jamil Mahuad announced that the US dollar was to be adopted as Ecuador's official currency.
Philadelphia Mint Identifiers
The reverse of all of the silver coins in this set contain the name of the city where the coin was minted. Philadelphia makes for a very long mint identifier, so in later years, three shorter variations were used to identify the Philadelphia mint. All four are illustrated below. The inclusion of the assayers initials on the silver coins had an interesting side effect that is included in the individual coin descriptions for the one and two decimo coins in this set. The identifiers were different for each type of coin with the exception of the 50 centavos and two sucre coins which both used PHILA·U·S·A with no dot at the end.
PHILADELPHIA - Introduced in 1895 on the Dos Decimos de Sucre (20 Centavos)
PHILA. - Introduced in 1916 on the Decimo de Sucre (10 Centavos)
PHILA·U·S·A· - Introduced in 1928 on the Silver Un Sucre
PHILA·U·S·A - Introduced in 1928 on the Cincuenta Centavos and Dos Sucre
The Coins in this Set
Each coin in this set is identified by the KM number as defined by Krause & Mishler and also by their EC number as defined by Seppa and Anderson in their book the COINS of ECUADOR. Each description also contains historical information on the issue and an explanation of the content of the obverse and reverse of the coin. Variety descriptions are provided where appropriate.
Seppa, Dale and Anderson, Michael, the COINS of ECUADOR (second edition), Almanzar's Coins of the World, San Antonio, 1973
Flag Images by Flags-to-Print.com
Coat of Arms Image by Wikimedia.org
A complete NGC set graded MS61 or higher with no details coins.
Rev. 12/5/2018
Slot Name
Origin/Country
Full Grade
Owner Comments
View Coin 1895 TF 2D PHILADELPHIA ECUADOR 2D 1895 TF PHILADELPHIA KM-51.4 NGC AU 58 Ecuador - 1895 T.F. Philadelphia - Dos Decimos (KM #51.4, EC #181) - Mintage: 5,000,000
Ecuador began adopting a decimal coinage system in 1874 with the minting of one and two centavo coins at the Mint in Birmingham, England. The transition was completed on March 22, 1884 with the creation of the silver sucre coin which was equivalent to 100 centavos. The sucre remained the official unit of currency in Ecuador for 116 years until the President of Ecuador announced on January 9, 2000 that the US dollar would be adopted as Ecuador's official currency.
This was the first coin struck by the Philadelphia mint for Ecuador, and it is the only U.S. minted Ecuadorian coin I am aware of where a proof version was also minted. I have been unable to find any record of how many proofs were minted though.
The distinctive portrait on the obverse of this coin is that of Antonio José de Sucre. Sucre was born in 1795 in Venezuela, and from the age of 15, spent the next 20 years fighting for independence from Spanish rule. During this time he became a collaborator of Simón Bolívar, a Venezuelan general, and the first constitutional president of Bolivia, all before the age of 35. Sucre led the patriots to a decisive victory at the battle of Pichincha on May 24, 1822, effectively freeing Ecuador from Spanish rule. His life was cut short on June 4, 1830 when he was assassinated while on his way to Quito. Sucre was laid to rest in his own Mausoleum Chapel in the Cathedral of Quito. He is considered the liberator of Ecuador, and appears on many Ecuadorian coins.
The reverse of this coin has a number of interesting features:
Following the tradition set by the Quito mint, the name of the city where this coin was minted appears at the bottom under the coat of arms. In this case, PHILADELPHIA giving this coin the distinction of being the first circulating coin minted by the Philadelphia mint to bear a mark specifically indicating Philadelphia as the mint of origin.
The denomination is DOS DECIMOS DE SUCRE. (20 centavos)
The weight and fineness of the silver content is explicitly stated as 5G. and 0.900 (fine) with the balance in copper.
Continuing the tradition of the Quito mint, every coin produced bore the initials of the assayer who was responsible for the quality of the coinage. In most Latin American mints however, these initials represent two different officials, generally the chief assayer and his deputy. It would appear that the U.S. mint was unaware of this tradition and the significance of the letters T.F. which appear to the lower right of the coat of arms on the sample coin they were give from the mint in Lima, Peru. These Lima mint assayers initials T.F. were simply copied onto the reverse die created by the Philadelphia mint and appear on all of the Dos Decimos coins minted by Philadelphia.
Ecuador dictated the various elements of their coat of arms, but the actual rendering of these elements can vary greatly from mint to mint. In this case the central elements of the ship, water and mountain look more like an ocean going vessel sailing away from a mountainous coastline rather than the river steamship Guayas, sailing the Guayas river with the snow capped Chimborazo volcano in the distant background. There is also no Caduceus appearing as a mast on the ship, an aspect which seems to have eluded all but one mint. The following is a depiction of the 1841 steamship Guayas for comparison:
This coin
This coin is a well struck, although lightly worn example of this issue. The obverse die appears to have been passing midlife due to the light bleeding of the peripheral lettering into the denticles, but the reverse die appears to have been relatively fresh. This is one of the first coins to be identified as having been struck by the Philadelphia mint.
Date acquired:11/5/2006 (raw coin)
Date graded: 3/3/2016 (self submitted to NGC)
Seppa, Dale and Anderson, Michael, the COINS of ECUADOR (second edition), Almanzar's Coins of the World, San Antonio, 1973.
Rev. 11/23/2018
View Coin 1914 TF 2D PHILADELPHIA ECUADOR 2D 1914 TF PHILADELPHIA KM-51.4 NGC MS 65 Ecuador - 1914 T.F. Philadelphia - Dos Decimos (KM #51.4, EC #186) - Mintage: 2,500,000
Following the tradition set by the Quito mint, the name of the city where this coin was minted appears at the bottom under the coat of arms. In this case, PHILADELPHIA.
Ecuador dictated the various elements that of their coat of arms, but the actual rendering of these elements by the various mints which produced their coins can vary greatly from mint to mint. In this case the central elements of the ship, water and mountain look more like an ocean going vessel sailing away from a mountainous coastline rather than the river steamship Guayas, sailing the Guayas river with the snow capped Chimborazo volcano in the distant background. There is also no Caduceus appearing as a mast on the ship, and aspect which seems to have eluded all but one mint. The following is a depiction of the 1841 steamship Guayas for comparison:
This coin is very well struck and lustrous. The obverse and reverse dies appear to be roughly the same die state with minimal bleeding of the peripheral lettering into the denticles
Date acquired:10/24/2006 (raw coin)
View Coin 1916 DECIMO PHILA ECUADOR DECIMO 1916 PHILA KM-50.5 NGC MS 63 Ecuador - 1916 PHILA. - Un Decimo - (KM #50.5, EC #157) - Mintage 2,000,000
Following the tradition set by the Quito mint, the name of the city where this coin was minted appears at the bottom under the coat of arms. In this case, PHILA..
The denomination is UN DECIMO DE SUCRE. (10 centavos)
The weight and fineness of the silver content is explicitly stated as 2.5G. and 0.9 (fine) with the balance in copper.
In the tradition of the Quito mint, every coin produced bore the initials of the assayer who was responsible for the quality of the coinage. The Birmingham, England mint however placed the letter H. for Heaton in this location when they struck this denomination in 1915. It would appear that the U.S. mint was unaware of the meaning and significance of the letter H. which appears to the lower right of the coat of arms on the sample coin they were given. The letter H. was simply copied onto the reverse die created by the Philadelphia mint, giving this coin the distinction of having mint marks from two different mints.
This coin is reasonably well struck and appears to have been struck from relatively fresh dies.
Date acquired: 10/2/2014 (Already graded by NGC)
This coin is very well struck and lustrous. The obverse and reverse dies appear to have been very fresh when this coin was struck.
Date acquired:5/9/2016 (Already graded by NGC)
Rev. 9/20/2017
View Coin 1917(P) 2.5C ECUADOR 2.5C 1917 KM-61 NGC MS 61 Ecuador - 1917 - 2 1/2 Centavos - (KM #61, EC #116) - Mintage: 1,600,000
These coins were minted for the "Republica Del Ecuador" by the Philadelphia mint, however no mint marks were used on the minor coinage produced for Ecuador in Philadelphia. Ecuador dictated the various elements that of their coat of arms, but the actual rendering of these elements by the various mints which produced their coins can vary greatly from mint to mint. In this case the central elements of the ship, water and mountain look more like an ocean going vessel sailing away from a mountainous coastline rather than the river steamship Guayas, sailing the Guayas river with the snow capped Chimborazo volcano in the distant background. There is also no Caduceus appearing as a mast on the ship, an aspect which seems to have eluded all but one mint. The following is a depiction of the 1841 steamship Guayas for comparison:
The reverse of this coin is very simple, containing only the denomination DOS Y MEDIO CENTAVOS (2 1/2 Centavos) surrounded by a Laurel wreath.
Of all of the coins minted for Ecuador by the U.S. Mint, this particular issue is the most difficult to acquire in mint state. Although not a stellar specimen, it has never been cleaned and survived in an uncirculated state.
Date acquired: 10/10/2007 (raw coin)
Date graded: 3/3/2016 (self submitted)
View Coin 1917(P) 5C/2.5C Ecuador 5C 1917 ECUADOR STRUCK ON 2 1/2 CENTAVO PLANCHET (2.5g) KM-60.2/KM-61 NGC MINT ERROR XF Details Ecuador - 1917 - 5 Centavos (struck on a 2 1/2 Centavos planchet) - (KM-60.2/KM-61) - Mintage: Probably Unique!
This amazing find was purchased as a raw coin in an eBay auction as a normal 5 Centavos. Sadly it has seen rough circulation, surface debris, and abrasive cleaning. In spite of all that, it is most likely unique, and well worth the cost of certification.
The size of the two coins are very close, so it's easy to see how this coin might have gone unnoticed.
Date acquired: 7/17/2015 (raw coin)
Date graded: 10/28/2015 (self submitted to NGC)
View Coin 1917(P) 5C ECUADOR 5C 1917 KM-60.2 NGC MS 62 Ecuador - 1917 - 5 Centavos - (KM #60.2, EC #130) - Mintage: 1,200,000
The reverse of this coin is very simple, containing only the denomination CINCO CENTAVOS (5 Centavos) surrounded by a Laurel wreath.
Of all of the coins minted for Ecuador by the U.S. Mint, this particular issue is one of the most difficult to acquire in mint state. The only one more difficult to obtain is the 1917 2 1/2 Centavos. This coin looks to be very well struck from relatively fresh dies, although the planchet alloy is streaky. I feel quite fortunate that this coin survived through the years without having been cleaned. The NGC grade of MS62 is appropriate.
Date acquired: 10/6/2007 (raw coin)
These coins were minted for the "Repuplica Del Ecuador" by the Philadelphia mint and were only minted in 1917 and 1918. The 1918 issue outnumbers the 1917 issue by nearly a factor of 7. Despite the significantly higher mintage, these coins circulated heavily and are nearly as difficult to acquire in mint state as the 1917.
This is a spectacular looking coin in hand and has nearly prooflike surfaces. All of the lettering and devices are sharp and exceptionally well defined. The high point detail is exceptional. Note specifically the head and texturing of the neck of the condor on the obverse. The sun, side of the ship and the ocean waves are also fully struck and highly detailed. Based on the surface luster and crisp details, this coin was obviously struck from a fresh pair of dies. There are very few marks on the devices or fields. The only distracting element is the streaky planchet, but this is a very common characteristic of copper nickel coins struck by the U.S. mints from 1917-1919. The grade is well deserved.
Date acquired: 5/3/2016 (raw coin)
Date graded: 9/28/2016 (self submitted to NGC)
Date regraded: 9/4/2018 (resubmitted to NGC)
Rev. 9/5/2018
View Coin 1918(P) 10C ECUADOR 10C 1918 KM-62 NGC MS 61 Ecuador - 1918 - 10 Centavos - (KM #62, EC #159 - Mintage: 1,000,000
These coins were minted for the "Repuplica Del Ecuador" by the Philadelphia mint. This coin is a one year type with a relatively low mintage. Despite the mintage, these coins are not nearly as difficult to obtain in mint state as the others minted in 1917 and 1918.
The reverse of this coin is very simple, containing only the denomination DIEZ CENTAVOS (10 Centavos) surrounded by a Laurel wreath.
These coins circulated well, so uncirculated examples of this issue are very difficult to obtain. I was pleased to find this one and very happy that it had not been cleaned and received a grade of MS61.
View Coin 1919 5C 3 BERRIES (Providence) ECUADOR 5C 1919 3 BERRIES KM-63 NGC MS 66 Ecuador - 1919 (Providence Mint) - 5 Centavos - (KM #63, EC #132) - Mintage: 12,000,000
These coins were minted for the "Republica Del Ecuador" by the Providence Mint, a division of Gorham Manufacturing Company in Providence Rhode Island. Known primarily for producing high-quality sterling silverware and holloware, they also produced silver and base metal coins for several foreign countries including Ecuador, Serbia, and Cuba. The most notable of these are the several varieties of 1897 Cuban "Souvenir Pesos", and the 1898 Cuban Peso. It is interesting to note that the engravers at the Providence mint did the best job depicting the steamship Guayas, the Guayas River and the snow capped Chimborazo volcano at the center of the coat of arms. They are probably the only engravers to correctly depict a Caduceus as the main mast of the ship.
I became interested in this "one year type" in 2004, and I have acquired quite a few of these coins over the years since. Krause & Mishler identifiy three main varieties, but I have come to realize that there are many more significant die varieties than that. The ones that everyone knows are all linked to the configuration of berries directly to the left of the C in CENTAVOS on the reverse. They are as follows:
3 berries to left of C on reverse. Most common variety.
4 berries tightly grouped to left of C on reverse. (aka 4 Berries tight) Sub-varieties exist.
4 berries loosely grouped to left of C on reverse. (aka 4 Berries loose) This variety is extremely rare.
In addition to these, I have noticed that there are at least three sub-varieties of the grouping of the 4 berries tight variety. They exist in square and diamond configurations and there are two types of diamond patterns. The diamond pattern being much more common than the square pattern. Varieties also exist in the style and positioning of the letters in the word CENTAVOS.
All of the focus has been on the varieties exhibited on the reverse, but there are very noticeable varieties on the obverse as well. The four main characteristics of the obverse that are easily identifiable are:
The overall style of the design (Refined or Crude)
The number and style of tail feathers on the condor perched atop the coat of arms.
The size and position of the sun just below the condor.
The presence or absence of the backstay on the mizzenmast of the ship.
Combine all of the obverse and reverse varieties, and one could define a collection similar to all of the varieties known for the 1878 8TF Morgan Dollar!
Based on the large number of die varieties and style of the design, I have come to the conclusion that there was probably no master hub used and that each die was very likely hand cut.
NGC has certified 4 of the 3 Berry variety coins as "Specimen", but I have never seen one of these, so I do not know what distinguishes these specimen coins from the normal production strike coins.
This particular coin is an exceptionally high quality example of the most common 3 Berry variety. As of this revision, there is only one other graded MS66 by NGC with none higher. PCGS has none graded higher than MS64.
Obverse characteristics are:
Overall design: ............Refined
Condor Tail Feathers: 3, even
Sun Size: ......................Small, slightly above center
Mizzenmast Backstay: No
Date acquired: 5/24/2016 (already graded by NGC)
View Coin 1919 5C 4 BERRIES (Tight, Square)(Providence) ECUADOR 5C 1919 4 BERRIES KM-63 TIGHT BERRY CLUSTER (square) NGC MS 64 Ecuador - 1919 (Providence Mint) - 5 Centavos (4 Berries tight) - (KM #63, EC #134)
Total Mintage: 12,000,000 (all varieties)
This particular coin is an example of the 4 Berries tight variety with a square shaped grouping of the 4 berries. This is the rarer of the two sub-varieties I am aware of.
Condor Tail Feathers: 4, even ends
Sun Size: ......................Large, centered
Date acquired: 11/29/2013 (already graded by NGC)
Date regraded: 9/4/2018
View Coin 1919 5C 4 BERRIES (Loose)(Providence) ECUADOR 5C 1919 4 BERRIES KM-63 LOOSE BERRY CLUSTER NGC AU 50 Ecuador - 1919 (Providence Mint) - 5 Centavos (4 Berries, loose) - (KM #63, EC #133)
This particular coin is the only example I have ever seen of the extremely rare 4 Berries loose variety. Unfortunately, this coin has seen circulation and had some surface dirt issues. It originally received a grade of VF-Details from NGC, but after conservation by NCS it received a grade of AU50. It also took several years, but I was finally able to convince NGC to identify the "loose" 4 berry sub-type on the label, although it is not yet cataloged as a distinct variety.
Sun Size: ......................Large, high
Date regraded: 9/25/2018 (resubmitted to MS at NGC for upgrade and proper designation as 4 Berry Loose variety)
View Coin 1919 10C (Providence) ECUADOR 10C 1919 KM-64 NGC MS 65 Ecuador - 1919 (Providence Mint) - 10 Centavos - (KM #64, EC #160) - Mintage: 2,000,000
These coins were minted for the "Repuplica Del Ecuador" by the Providence Mint, a division of Gorham Manufacturing Company in Providence Rhode Island. Known primarily for producing high-quality sterling silverware and holloware, they also produced silver and base metal coins for several foreign countries including Ecuador, Serbia, and Cuba. The most notable of these are the several varieties of 1897 Cuban "Souvenir Pesos", and the 1898 Cuban Peso. It is interesting to note that the engravers at the Providence mint did the best job depicting the steamship Guayas, the Guayas River and the snow capped Chimborazo volcano at the center of the coat of arms. They are probably the only engravers to correctly depict a Caduceus as the main mast of the ship.
I became interested in this "one year type" in 2004, and I have acquired quite a few of these coins over the years since. Unlike the companion 5 Centavos, Krause & Mishler identify no varieties, but proofs do exist. I have not identified any varieties on this coin either, probably due to the much lower mintage.
Based on the style of the design, there was probably no master hub used and each die was very likely hand cut.
This particular coin is a very beautiful and excellently preserved example of this one year type.
View Coin 1928(P) 1C ECUADOR 1C 1928 KM-67 NGC MS 65 RD Ecuador - 1 Centavo - (KM #67, EC #113) - Mintage 2,016,000
Ecuadorian President Isidro Ayora introduced a new monetary system in 1927 based on a reduced size, weight, and fineness sucre. In 1928, the country had the U.S. mint produce seven different denominations ranging from one centavo to two sucres. A gold Condor, (equivalent to 25 sucres) was also minted by the Birmingham mint making a total of eight different denominations minted for that year. The new sucre was nicknamed the Ayora after the President. Likewise, the new silver 50 centavos coin became known as the Lauritas after his wife Laura.
These coins were minted for the "Republica Del Ecuador" by the Philadelphia mint, however no mint marks were used on the minor coinage produced for Ecuador in Philadelphia. Ecuador dictated the various elements of their coat of arms, but the actual rendering of these elements by the various mints which produced their coins can vary greatly from mint to mint. In this case the central elements of the ship, water and mountain look more like an ocean going vessel sailing away from a mountainous coastline rather than the river steamship Guayas, sailing the Guayas river with the snow capped Chimborazo volcano in the distant background. There is also no Caduceus appearing as a mast on the ship, an aspect which seems to have eluded all but one mint. The following is a depiction of the 1841 steamship Guayas for comparison:
The reverse of this coin is very simple, containing only the denomination 1 CENTAVO surrounded by a Laurel wreath.
This coin was purchased raw and self submitted to NGC. The first time I sent it in, it came back in a bag with a label proclaiming it as having been lacquered. I did some research, and found that it was not uncommon for coins of this era to be lacquered in ordder to preserve their color, but that it is fairly easy to remove. I sent it back to NGC with a stop at NCS for conservation. The second time, this beautiful MS65RD coin came back. The lacquer that had darkened over time preserved the original copper color, and it looks like it just popped out of the press. As of this revision, the NGC population in Ms65RD is 4 with none finer, and only one with a higher numeric grade at MS66RB. It is a beautiful coin and well worth the second trip to Florida.
Date acquired: 8/26/2007
View Coin 1928(P) 2.5C ECUADOR 2.5C 1928 KM-68 NGC MS 63 Ecuador - 2 1/2 Centavos - (KM #68, EC #117) - Mintage: 4,000,000
The reverse of this coin is very simple, containing only the denomination 2 1/2 CENTAVOS surrounded by a Laurel wreath.
This coin is a nice uncirculated example of this very illusive date. It is not however the nicest one I own. I also own an MS65 graded by PCGS which can be seen by clicking here.
View Coin 1928(P) 5C ECUADOR 5C 1928 KM-69 NGC AU 58 Ecuador - 5 Centavos - (KM #69, EC #136) - Mintage: 16,000,000
This design first appeared on the smaller copper nickel Five Centavos coin minted by the Birmingham mint in 1924. The design is basically the same as in 1924, however the size was increased from 16.5 mm to 19.5 mm and the weight increased from 2 grams to 3 grams. This issue is one of those confusing coins where a case can be made for either side to be identified as the obverse. Krause & Mishler (KM), which is the source of the NGC World price guide, designate the date side of the coin as the obverse. I suspect though that if I send one of these to NGC for grading, they will mount the side with the bust of Rockafuerte on the label side of the holder. I will describe the coin here in those terms based on my expected outcome of grading.
The obverse is composed of the right facing portrait of Ecuador's second President, Vicente Rocafuerte surrounded by laurel branches over the denomination 5 CENTAVOS. The steamship Guayas seen at the center of the coat of arms on the reverse was constructed by Vicente Rocafuerte and began service on October 9, 1841. The ship was the first of its kind in Ecuador and South America.
These coins were minted for the "Republica Del Ecuador" by the Philadelphia mint, however no mint marks were used on the minor coinage produced for Ecuador in Philadelphia. The date appears below the coat of arms. Ecuador dictated the various elements that of their coat of arms, but the actual rendering of these elements by the various mints which produced their coins can vary greatly from mint to mint. In this case the central elements of the ship, water and mountain look more like an ocean going vessel sailing away from a mountainous coastline rather than the river steamship Guayas, sailing the Guayas river with the snow capped Chimborazo volcano in the distant background. There is also no Caduceus appearing as a mast on the ship, an aspect which seems to have eluded all but one mint. The following is a depiction of the 1841 steamship Guayas for comparison:
These coins circulated well so it is difficult to obtain uncirculated specimens even though the coins are not particularly rare. This one garnered the highest grade it could given the evidence of light circulation which is particularly obvious on the drapery at the lower left side of the shield on the reverse. The obverse also shows some light wear in the high points of the hair.
View Coin 1928(P) 10C ECUADOR 10C 1928 KM-70 NGC AU 58 Ecuador - 10 Centavos - (KM #70, EC #162) - Mintage: 16,000,000
This design first appeared on the smaller copper nickel Five Centavos coin minted by the Birmingham mint in 1924 and is identical in design to the 1928 5 Centavos. This issue is one of those confusing coins where a case can be made for either side to be identified as the obverse. Krause & Mishler (KM), which is the source of the NGC World price guide, designate the date side of the coin as the obverse. I suspect though that if I send one of these to NGC for grading, they will mount the side with the bust of Rockafuerte on the label side of the holder. I will describe the coin here in those terms based on my expected outcome of grading.
The right facing portrait of Ecuador's second President, Vicente Rocafuerte surrounded by laurel branches over the denomination 5 CENTAVOS. It is interesting to note that the 1924 ten centavos bore the left facing bust of Simón Bolívar, so it is a bit surprising that this coin was patterned after the 1924 five centavos instead of the 1924 ten centavos that preceded it.
These coins were minted for the "Republica Del Ecuador" by the Philadelphia mint, however no mint marks were used on the minor coinage produced for Ecuador in Philadelphia. The date appears below the coat of arms. Ecuador dictated the various elements of their coat of arms, but the actual rendering of these elements by the various mints which produced their coins can vary greatly from mint to mint. In this case the central elements of the ship, water and mountain look more like an ocean going vessel sailing away from a mountainous coastline rather than the river steamship Guayas, sailing the Guayas river with the snow capped Chimborazo volcano in the distant background. There is also no Caduceus appearing as a mast on the ship, an aspect which seems to have eluded all but one mint. The following is a depiction of the 1841 steamship Guayas for comparison:
These coins circulated well and this one garnered the highest grade it could given the evidence of light circulation which is particularly obvious on the drapery at the lower left side of the shield on the reverse.
View Coin 1928 50C PHILA USA ECUADOR 50C 1928 PHILA USA KM-71 NGC MS 65 Ecuador - 1928 PHILA. U.S.A - 50 Centavos - (KM #71, EC #201) - Mintage: 1,000,000
Following the tradition set by the Quito mint, the name of the city where this coin was minted appears at the bottom under the coat of arms. In this case, PHILA. U.S.A
The denomination is CINCUENTA CENTAVOS (50 centavos)
The weight and fineness of the silver content is explicitly stated as G.2.50 and LEY 0.720 (fine) with the balance in copper.
This coin is reasonably well struck and light peripheral toning. The obverse and reverse dies both appear to have been about midlife when this coin was struck.
Date re-graded: 9/20/2016
View Coin 1928 SUCRE PHILA USA ECUADOR SUCRE 1928 PHILA USA KM-72 NGC MS 65 Ecuador - 1928 PHILA. U.S.A. - Un Sucre - (KM #72, EC #221) - Mintage: 3,000,000
The distinctive portrait on the obverse of this coin is that of Antonio José de Sucre. Sucre was born in 1795 in Venezuela, and from the age of 15, spent the next 20 years fighting for independence from Spanish rule. During this time he became a collaborator of Simón Bolívar, a Venezuelan general, and the first constitutional president of Bolivia. In 1821, all before the age of 35. Sucre led the patriots to a decisive victory at the battle of Pichincha on May 24, 1822, effectively freeing Ecuador from Spanish rule. His life was cut short on June 4, 1830 when he was assassinated while on his way to Quito. Sucre was laid to rest in his own Mausoleum Chapel in the Cathedral of Quito. He is considered the liberator of Ecuador, and appears on many Ecuadorian coins.
Following the tradition set by the Quito mint, the name of the city where this coin was minted appears at the bottom under the coat of arms. In this case, PHILA. U.S.A.
The denomination is UN SUCRE
The weight and fineness of the silver content is explicitly stated as GRAM.5. and LEY 0.720 (fine) with the balance in copper.
This coin is reasonably well struck with a uniform frosty white surface. The obverse and reverse dies both appear to have been fairly new when this coin was struck.
Date graded: 1/12/2015 (self submitted)
View Coin 1928 2S PHILA USA ECUADOR 2S 1928 PHILA USA KM-73 NGC MS 62 Ecuador - 1928 PHILA. U.S.A - Dos Sucres - (KM #73, EC #229) - Mintage: 500,000
The denomination is DOS SUCRES
The weight and fineness of the silver content is explicitly stated as GRAM.10 and LEY 0.720 (fine) with the balance in copper.
This coin is has an average strike for this date and size of coin. The surfaces, particularly the revers are a bit dirty, so the luster is disappointing. This is a low mintage issue, so attractive, high grade mint state specimens are difficult to obtain.
View Coin 1930 50C PHILA USA ECUADOR 50C 1930 PHILA USA KM-71 NGC MS 66 Ecuador - 1930 PHILA. U.S.A - 50 Centavos - (KM #71, EC #202) - Mintage: 155,000
This coin is softly struck on the high points, but is exceptionally well preserved. I acquired this coin as a raw coin and held it for nearly 10 years before having it certified by NGC. Needless to say, I was very pleased with the grade it received.
As of this revision, this is the finest known specimen (both NGC and PCGS) of this rare date.
View Coin 1930 SUCRE PHILA USA ECUADOR SUCRE 1930 PHILA USA KM-72 NGC MS 64 Ecuador - 1930 PHILA. U.S.A. - Un Sucre - (KM #72, EC #222) - Mintage: 400,000
This coin is a great looking, high grade example from the collection of fellow NGC Registry participant Fernando Barciona. The mintage for 1930 was substantially less than in 1928 or 1934. The coins are very difficult to obtain in uncirculated grades.
View Coin 1930 2S PHILA USA ECUADOR 2S 1930 PHILA USA KM-73 NGC AU 58 Ecuador - 1930 PHILA. U.S.A - Dos Sucres - (KM #73, EC #230) - Mintage: 100,000
This is a really nice looking coin with a uniform light surface toning and a small amount of circulation wear. This is a very low mintage issue, so attractive, high grade mint state specimens are very difficult to obtain.
The distinctive portrait on the obverse of this coin is that of Antonio José de Sucre. Sucre was born in 1795 in The distinctive portrait on the obverse of this coin is that of Antonio José de Sucre. Sucre was born in 1795 in Venezuela, and from the age of 15, spent the next 20 years fighting for independence from Spanish rule. During this time he became a collaborator of Simón Bolívar, a Venezuelan general, and the first constitutional president of Bolivia, all before the age of 35. Sucre led the patriots to a decisive victory at the battle of Pichincha on May 24, 1822, effectively freeing Ecuador from Spanish rule. His life was cut short on June 4, 1830 when he was assassinated while on his way to Quito. Sucre was laid to rest in his own Mausoleum Chapel in the Cathedral of Quito. He is considered the liberator of Ecuador, and appears on many Ecuadorian coins.
This coin is softly struck on both sides, but the surface of the coin is well preserved.
View Coin 1942(P) 5C ECUADOR 5C 1942 KM-75a NGC MS 67 Ecuador - 1942(P) 10 Centavos - (KM #75a, EC #138) - Mintage: 2,000,000
Brass (80% copper, 20% zinc)
This coin was minted by the Philadelphia Mint using brass most likely recovered from spent artillery shell casings. Half of the mintage of this coin was listed in the U.S. Mint report of 1943, however all are dated 1942.
These coins were minted for the "Republica Del Ecuador" by the Philadelphia mint, however no mint marks were used on the minor coinage produced for Ecuador in Philadelphia. Ecuador dictated the various elements that of their coat of arms, but the actual rendering of these elements by the various mints which produced their coins can vary greatly from mint to mint. In this case the central elements of the ship, water and mountain look more like an ocean going freighter sailing away from a mountainous coastline rather than the river steamship Guayas, sailing the Guayas river with the snow capped Chimborazo volcano in the distant background. There is also no Caduceus appearing as a mast on the ship, an aspect which seems to have eluded all but one mint. The following is a depiction of the 1841 steamship Guayas for comparison:
The reverse of this coin is very simple, containing only the denomination 5 CENTAVOS surrounded by a Laurel wreath.
This is a beautiful coin with spectacular eye appeal. If Brass coins could receive a "Red" designation, this one would have it. As of this revision, this coin is the finest graded example of this date and denomination by either NGC or PCGS.
View Coin 1942(P) 10C ECUADOR 10C 1942 KM-76a NGC MS 65 Ecuador - 1942(P) 10 Centavos - (KM #76a, ES #164) - Mintage:5,000,000
These coins were minted for the "Republica Del Ecuador" by the Philadelphia mint, however no mint marks were used on the minor coinage produced for Ecuador in Philadelphia. Ecuador dictated the various elements of their coat of arms, but the actual rendering of these elements by the various mints which produced their coins can vary greatly from mint to mint. In this case the central elements of the ship, water and mountain look more like an ocean going freighter sailing away from a mountainous coastline rather than the river steamship Guayas, sailing the Guayas river with the snow capped Chimborazo volcano in the distant background. There is also no Caduceus appearing as a mast on the ship, an aspect which seems to have eluded all but one mint. The following is a depiction of the 1841 steamship Guayas for comparison:
The reverse of this coin is very simple, containing only the denomination 10 CENTAVOS surrounded by a Laurel wreath.
This is a beautiful coin with great eye appeal. If Brass coins could receive a "Red" designation, this one would have it. As of this revision, only three have been graded higher by NGC, all at MS66.
View Coin 1942(P) 20C ECUADOR 20C 1942 KM-77.1a NGC MS 66 Ecuador - 1942(P) 20 Centavos - (KM #77.1a, EC #190) - Mintage: 5,000,000
This is a beautifulvery flashy coin with spectacular eye appeal. If Brass coins could receive a "Red" designation, this one would have it. As of this revision, this coin is the finest known by NGC or PCGS.
View Coin 1944D 5C ECUADOR 5C 1944D KM-75a NGC MS 63 Ecuador - 1944D -5 Centavos - KM-75a, EC #139) - Mintage: 3,000,000
These coins were minted for the "Republica Del Ecuador" by the Denver mint during World War II probably using brass recovered from spent artillery shell casings. The Denver mint only produced coins for Ecuador in 1944 in denominations of 5 and 20 Centavos. These are the only coins produced for Ecuador that carry a traditional single letter mint mark with the "D" appearing on the reverse at the top of the coin. Ecuador dictated the various elements that of their coat of arms, but the actual rendering of these elements by the various mints which produced their coins can vary greatly from mint to mint. In this case the central elements of the ship, water and mountain look more like an ocean going freighter sailing away from a mountainous coastline rather than the river steamship Guayas, sailing the Guayas river with the snow capped Chimborazo volcano in the distant background. There is also no Caduceus appearing as a mast on the ship, an aspect which seems to have eluded all but one mint. The following is a depiction of the 1841 steamship Guayas for comparison:
The reverse of this coin is very simple, containing only the denomination 5 CENTAVOS surrounded by a Laurel wreath. The Denver mint mark is centered at the top.
This coin is a two year type with a respectable mintage, but high grade, untarnished, uncirculated specimens are difficult to obtain. As of this revision, this is one of only three mint state specimens graded by NGC.
View Coin 1944D 20C ECUADOR 20C 1944D KM-77.1a NGC MS 65 Ecuador - 1944D -20 Centavos - (KM-77.1a, EC #191) - Mintage: 15,000,000
The reverse of this coin is very simple, containing only the denomination 20 CENTAVOS surrounded by a Laurel wreath. The Denver mint mark is centered at the top.
This coin is a two year type with a very substantial mintage, but high grade, untarnished, uncirculated specimens are difficult to obtain. This is a beautiful specimen, with only one graded higher in MS66.
Date acquired: 7/5/2018 (Already graded by NGC)
View Coin 1946(P) 5C ECUADOR 5C 1946 KM-75b NGC MS 65 Ecuador - 1946 5 Centavos - (KM#75b, EC #140) - Mintage: 40,000,000
Copper-Nickel (75% copper, 25% nickel)
1946 was the last year the Philadelphia mint produced coinage for Ecuador. Four denominations (5, 10, and 20 Centavos, and Un Sucre) were coined with a total combined mintage of 128,000,000 coins with a total face value of 29,500,000 Sucres.
This coin is a well struck gem with a colorful dark toning. NGC has graded only two higher in MS66.
View Coin 1946(P) 10C ECUADOR 10C 1946 KM-76b NGC MS 66 Ecuador - 1946 10 Centavos - (KM#76b, EC #165) - Mintage: 40,000,000
This coin is a beautiful, flashy, bright white example of this very common date. It is a common coin in a very uncommon condition. As of this revision this is one of the finest examples of this year and denomination know with an NGC population of 3/0.
View Coin 1946(P) 20C ECUADOR 20C 1946 KM-77.1b NGC MS 66 Ecuador - 1946 -20 Centavos (KM #77.1b, EC# 192) - Mintage: 30,000,000
This is a very common coin, but it also appears to have been popular with the people of Ecuador when it was released. Lightly circulated examples are very common, but high grade uncirculated coins are more elusive. NGC has graded 3 at this level with only one higher. This is actually a very difficult coin to obtain in high grades. I was very luck to acquire this coin from a fellow Collector's Society member.
View Coin 1946(P) SUCRE ECUADOR SUCRE 1946 KM-78.2 NGC MS 65 Ecuador - 1946 - Un Sucre - (KM #78.2, EC #225) - Mintage: 18,000,000
Composition: 100% Nickel
The country was in turmoil through much of the 1930's and a nickel sucre coin was introduced replacing the silver sucre which was last minted in 1934 by the Philadelphia mint. The government announced later in 1937 that the nickel sucre was intended to be provisional and could eventually be redeemed for a silver sucre. This never happened, and 1937 marked the end of the silver sucre. 1946 was the last year the Philadelphia mint produced coinage for Ecuador. Four denominations (5, 10, and 20 Centavos, and Un Sucre) were coined with a total combined mintage of 128,000,000 coins with a total face value of 29,500,000 Sucres.
This issue echos the design style of the 1924 and 1928, 5 and 10 Centavo coins. It is also one of those confusing coins where a case can be made for either side to be identified as the obverse. Krause & Mishler (KM), which is the source of the NGC World price guide, designate the date side of the coin as the obverse. NGC, however designates the figure side of the coin as the obverse and mounts the side with the bust of Sucre on the label side of the holder. I will describe the coin here in those terms.
The distinctive portrait on the obverse of this coin is that of Antonio José de Sucre. Sucre was born in 1795 in Venezuela, and from the age of 15, spent the next 20 years fighting for independence from Spanish rule. During this time he became a collaborator of Simón Bolívar, a Venezuelan general, and the first constitutional president of Bolivia, all before the age of 35. Sucre led the patriots to a decisive victory at the battle of Pichincha on May 24, 1822, effectively freeing Ecuador from Spanish rule. His life was cut short on June 4, 1830 when he was assassinated while on his way to Quito. Sucre was laid to rest in his own Mausoleum Chapel in the Cathedral of Quito. He is considered the liberator of Ecuador, and appears on many Ecuadorian coins. On this version of the UN SUCRE coin, the bust of Sucre is surrounded by laurel branches over the denomination UN SUCRE.
This is a softly struck, although very well preserved example of this very common coin. NGC has graded only three finer at MS66.
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Iowa City’s newest park to throw a grand opening party
Iowa City will celebrate the progress on the renovated space on the Riverfront Crossings late July.
Riverfront Crossings Park is seen on June 18, 2019. (Emily Wangen/The Daily Iowan)
Emily Wangen
Andy Mitchell, News Reporter
Filed under Latest News, Downtown, Johnson County, News
After three years of construction, the latest addition to Iowa City, the new Riverfront Crossings Park, will hold a grand-opening celebration on July 20.
Iowa City Parks and Recreation Department has partnered with Green State Credit Union and the Englert to put on an event with live music performances and a fireworks show.
The park, distinguished by a bright yellow rest area, occupies the former site of Iowa City’s north wastewater-treatment plant, which was taken down after being damaged in the 2008 flood. Parks and Recreation Director Juli Seydell Johnson said the city wants the park to complement the surrounding development as well as provide a buffer should another flood occur.
The renovated space now sees regular traffic from joggers, hikers, and cyclists along the paved trails, families at the playground, and fishers on the river bank.
“Seeing the regeneration into something that’s beautiful and usable is something that the whole community is excited about,” Seydell Johnson said. The land the park was built on was underutilized after the flood, she noted.
The first phase of the park construction, restoring Ralston Creek and creating a patch of wetlands, was completed in 2017. Today, the park has a play area, an event space, renovated trails, and new bridges across the river.
While the grand opening is this month, the work on the park is far from over. The city still wants to add an amphitheater, a shelter next to the playground, and a larger sign and statue. It also wants to make improvements north of the park on privately owned land.
The master plan also shows plans to construct a dog park, an artists’ plaza, and community gardens.
“Although it’s open to the public now, you will continue to see improvements for the next five to 10 years,” Seydell Johnson said.
Englert Executive Director Andre Perry said the theater was hired by Parks and Recreation to provide programming for the event, including a live performance from the New Orleans-based Dirty Dozen Brass Band.
“We’re just honored that they would ask us to do this in the first place,” Perry said. “We’re super-excited anytime the city has a new project or initiative they’re working on and to be a part of that.”
Seydell Johnson said the renovated space is built to be flood-tolerant to mitigate damage to local businesses and residential developments in the event of a historic flood, such as the one in 2008.
“As many spaces that are free and open and beautiful that all of us can access, I think is just a bonus for the community here,” Perry said.
Andy Mitchell is a news reporter at The Daily Iowan. He is a junior at the University of Iowa studying journalism and...
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The Colony’s Turangan lands Davey O’Brien High School Scholarship Award
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Retail Apocalypse Accelerates: Wal-Mart Is Now “Quietly Closing Stores”, Retail Layoffs Up 92% Over 2018
Just like we witnessed during the last recession, major retailers are laying off tens of thousands of workers, and it looks like this will be the worst year for store closings in all of U.S. history. Many are referring to this as “the retail apocalypse”, and without a doubt this is one of the toughest stretches for retailers that we have ever seen. But many believe that what we have witnessed so far is just the beginning. After all, if retailers are struggling this much now, how bad will things be once the next recession really gets rolling?
Of course the truth is that things have been rocky for the retail industry for quite a few years, but the numbers are telling us that this crisis is really starting to accelerate.
According to Challenger, Gray & Christmas, retail layoffs were up a whopping 92 percent in January and February compared to the same period a year ago. The following comes from NBC News…
More than 41,000 people have lost their jobs in the retail industry so far this year — a 92 percent spike in layoffssince the same time last year, according to a new report.
And the layoffs continue to mount, with JCPenney announcing this week it would be closing 18 stores in addition to three previously announced closures, as part of a “standard annual review.”
Yes, competition from Internet commerce is hurting the traditional retail industry, but it certainly doesn’t explain a 92 percent increase.
And very few retailers have been able to avoid this downsizing trend. At this point, even the largest retailer in the entire country has begun “quietly closing stores”…
Walmart is closing at least 11 US stores across eight states.
The stores include one Walmart Supercenter in Lafayette, Louisiana, and Walmart Neighborhood Market stores in Arizona, California, Kansas, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and Washington.
For decades, Wal-Mart has been expanding extremely aggressively.
They have plenty of cash, and so the only way that it would make sense for them to close stores is if they anticipated that we are heading into a recession.
Here is a list of the addresses where Wal-Mart stores are closing…
6085 W. Chandler Blvd., Chandler, Arizona
3900 W. Ina Road, Tucson, Arizona
1600 Saratoga Ave., San Jose, California
712 N. Western Ave., Liberal, Kansas
1229 NE. Evangeline Trwy., Lafayette, Louisiana
3603 Broad River Road, Columbia, South Carolina
1757 W. Andrew Johnson Hwy., Morristown, Tennessee
2501 University Commons Way, Knoxville, Tennessee
7000 Iron Bridge Road, North Chesterfield, Virginia
2864 Virginia Beach Blvd., Virginia Beach, Virginia
7809 NE. Vancouver Plaza Dr., Vancouver, Washington
Of course Wal-Mart is in far better shape than almost everyone else in the industry.
One of Wal-Mart’s key competitors, Shopko, has just announced that they will be shutting down all of their stores…
Shopko will liquidate its assets and close all of its remaining locations by mid-June.
The company was unable to find a buyer for the retail business and will begin winding down its operations beginning this week, the company said in statement released Monday. The decision to liquidate will bring an end to the brick-and-mortar business that began in 1962 with one location in Green Bay, Wisconsin.
And personally I was very saddened to learn that Lifeway Christian Bookstores has also decided to close all their brick and mortar stores…
Lifeway Christian Bookstores announced last week it would be closing the doors of all 170 brick and mortar stores, in a pivot to focusing on digital and e-commerce.
“The decision to close our local stores is a difficult one,” said Lifeway Chief Executive Officer Brad Waggoner. “While we had hoped to keep some stores open, current market projections show this is no longer a viable option.”
Whenever I do an article like this, I always have some readers that try to convince me that this is only happening because of the growth of Internet retailing.
And yes, Internet retailing has been growing, but it still accounts for less than 10 percent of all U.S. retail sales. In addition, it is important to point out that Internet retailers had a very disappointing holiday season just like brick and mortar retailers did.
Ultimately, the truth is that the U.S. economy has been steadily slowing down in recent months.
During the months of December, January and February, the amount of stuff being moved around the country by truck, rail and air was lower than during all of those same months a year earlier. The following comes from Wolf Richter…
Now it’s the third month in a row, and the red flag is getting more visible and a little harder to ignore about the goods-based economy: Freight shipment volume in the US across all modes of transportation – truck, rail, air, and barge – in February fell 2.1% from February a year ago, according to the Cass Freight Index, released today. The three months in a row of year-over-year declines are the first such declines since the transportation recession of 2015 and 2016.
I have a feeling that when we get the final numbers for March that they will show that this streak has now extended to four months.
Right now, unsold goods are starting to pile up in U.S. warehouses at a rate that we haven’t seen since the last recession. Many retailers that are barely clinging to life will simply not survive if economic conditions continue to deteriorate.
Unfortunately, it appears that things are only going to get rougher for the U.S. economy in the months ahead.
So more retail workers are going to get laid off, more stores are going to close, and there are going to be a lot more stories about our ongoing “retail apocalypse” in the mainstream media.
Courtesy of The Economic Collapse Blog
About the author: Michael Snyder is a nationally-syndicated writer, media personality and political activist. He is the author of four books including Get Prepared Now, The Beginning Of The End and Living A Life That Really Matters. His articles are originally published on The Economic Collapse Blog, End Of The American Dreamand The Most Important News. From there, his articles are republished on dozens of other prominent websites. If you would like to republish his articles, please feel free to do so. The more people that see this information the better, and we need to wake more people up while there is still time.
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HomeA Giraffe for Garrison . . .
A Giraffe for Garrison . . .
| By Mark Cherrington
Categories: Donor Story, Patient Families
| Tags: NICU
Big-Hearted Gifts for the Smallest Patients
November was decidedly not supposed to be Garrison Coonrod’s birth month: He was due in February, but apparently he just couldn’t wait to see the world.
Garrison spent all of his 70 days in the NICU in a Giraffe Omnibed.
Garrison was born weighing just 2 pounds, 5 ounces. A baby born at 27 weeks is not physically ready for life and faces a huge number of medical challenges, so Garrison was taken straight to the Level 4 Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) at Connecticut Children’s Medical Center, where, over the next 70 days, the doctors and nurses provided every kind of state-of-the-art care.
Garrison spent all of his 70 days in the NICU in a Giraffe Omnibed, a highly specialized piece of equipment that serves as a sort of artificial womb and allows clinicians to provide extensive care to the baby without having to move the child—a critical consideration when the baby’s organs are extremely fragile. Four of these life-saving Omnibeds in Connecticut Children’s Hartford NICU were purchased with a gift made by donor Ross Mayer.
A Surprise Visit & Surprise Gift
The staff of Connecticut Children’s NICUs have to be ready to deal with anything on a moment’s notice, but even they were caught off guard when Mayer showed up unexpectedly one Tuesday afternoon to announce that he was making the largest donation in the NICU’s history. James Moore, MD, PhD, the Division Chief of Neonatology, was so overwhelmed by the unexpected gift and the scale of Mayer’s generosity that he wiped away tears. If the countless hugs given to Mayer were any indication, the rest of the staff felt the same way.
Donor Ross Mayer’s unexpected gift to the NICU caught everybody off guard, including James Moore, MD, PhD,
the Division Chief of Neonatology.
Mayer has been generously supporting the NICU since 1976, when it was based at Newington Children’s Hospital. But his connection to the NICU goes back even farther than that. When he graduated from college in 1970, he was drafted into the Army Reserve, where part of his assignment was visiting Newington Children’s Hospital twice each month. He got to know the children and the staff there, and it left a deep impression on him, an impression that was deepened even more through personal tragedy.
A Lasting Tribute
Mayer’s first child, Spencer David, was born with severe complications and died in the NICU eight days later. Ross recalls that he and his son communicated on the seventh day, when he rolled over and grabbed his father’s pinky. “That touch was his way of telling me to turn his tragedy into hope for other babies to live normal lives,” he said.
Garrison Coonrod with his dog, Forrest.
Mayer’s extraordinary gift is in the form of an endowment, which will be doubled through Connecticut Children’s “Perfect Match” gift-matching program, making it even more significant. As an endowment, the money will be invested, perpetually generating resources for the NICU. The fund’s annual award is available to the Division Chief of the NICU to benefit the babies in their care —babies like Garrison, who today is almost 2 and is as happy and healthy as any parent could wish.
Framing Affection
The heroic effort put into saving Garrison’s life goes on every day in Connecticut Children’s two NICUs, and it is why Mayer showed up at the Hartford NICU to surprise everyone with his announcement. But Mayer did not just bring news of his gift. He also had a gift for Dr. Moore. When the first child was placed in the first Omnibed, the nurses put the baby’s footprints on a piece of paper and framed it for Mayer as a way of thanking him for his gift. He was so touched by that gesture that he wanted to return the favor.
Garrison Coonrod, in a Giraffe Omnibed, being held by his parents.
So, when Mayer arrived in the NICU to make his surprise announcement, he brought a similar framed print of his own hand and gave it to Dr. Moore for his office.
“Ross’ gift will touch babies in our NICU for many years to come,” Dr. Moore said. “His gift will advance research and teaching to improve clinical care and outcomes. My staff and I were so moved by his generosity that a member of our team took out her checkbook and added her own donation to the Ross Mayer Fund. We are proud of the trust and faith he has put in Connecticut Children’s, and we look forward to showing him how he is improving the lives of babies and learning more about our changes and discoveries when we have him down to visit each year.”
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Gary J. Whitehead - Poetry
Gary J. Whitehead's third book of poetry, A Glossary of Chickens, was recently selected by Paul Muldoon for the Princeton University Press Contemporary Poets Series. Whitehead's poems have appeared in The New Yorker and have been featured on Garrison Keillor's NPR program The Writer's Almanac. He teaches English at Tenafly High School in New Jersey and lives in the Hudson valley of New York. Princeton University Press. The Writer's Almanac.
Gary, after publishing a number of collections of poetry with relatively small, independent presses (Measuring Cubits while the Thunder Claps, David Robert Books, 2008, The Velocity of Dust, Salmon/Dufour Editions, 2004, After the Drowning, Finishing Line Press, A Cool, Dry Place, White Eagle Coffee Store Press, and Walking Back to Providence, Sow's Ear Press), your latest volume, A Glossary of Chickens, was recently selected by Paul Muldoon for the resurrected Princeton University Press Contemporary Poets Series. First, congratulations! Second, how are you feeling about it all? I mean, it’s a series that has produced books like Alicia Ostriker’s A Woman Under the Surface: Poems and Prose Poems, Jorie Graham’s Hybrids of Plants and of Ghosts, Kathleen Graber’s The Eternal City, and two volumes by Robert Pinsky, An Explanation of America and Sadness and Happiness, among others. I imagine there must be something like a sense that you’re turning an important corner in your life as a poet.
I sometimes feel a bit like a stowaway on a ship, like I’ve sneaked onboard without having paid passage. Then I remember that I’ve been writing poems for almost a quarter of a century. Still, there’s this fear of being discovered. What if I get thrown off? The poem that opens the manuscript, though that may change before it goes to press, explores this idea a bit, and the kind of insecurity any writer must feel in having his or her work go off into the world. In the tradition of Bradstreet’s “The Author to Her Book” or Dickinson’s “This Is My Letter to the World,” the opening poem, entitled “Oyster,” is a kind of pep talk to myself and to the collection. However daunting, I guess I’ll be taking deck passage on this next journey, feeling whatever storm, whatever sea-sickness might come my way.
What is it about your work that you think attracts Muldoon to your work? Other than choose A Glossary of Chickens for the Princeton series, he has published two or three of your poems in The New Yorker.
Paul has published two of my poems in The New Yorker, and I’ve often wondered what it is in the two poems that he liked, since the two are so different. He has eclectic taste, and must have a vision of what the magazine should present to readers each week. Something in my two poems must have met his criteria for what makes a good New Yorker piece. If I had to guess, though, I’d say he likes the rhetorical strategies in my work—attention I pay to how a poem might sound and to the images, diction and figurative language that I help my poems to find. Paul also seems to appreciate an acknowledgment or a subversion of form, an awareness that a poem is part of a tradition. Though the two poems he published in the magazine don’t necessarily do either, some of the poems in the PUP manuscript do. For instance, there’s a crown of miniature sonnets. And a handful of other poems in the collection employ rhyme or slant rhyme.
Of the poems that appear in this month’s edition of the Congeries, I’m particularly fond of “Biding Time in an Open Boat.” Of course, this is at least partially true because it comes out of a poetry assignment I gave to students several weeks ago at my old high school, Clarkstown High School North in New City, NY. I was there to participate in Sticky Notes Day, a day when a variety of students from Clarkstown North, as well as from several other nearby high schools, get together to celebrate creative writing. It was both a surprise and delight to learn that you were there for it, too! We’ve sort of known each other from afar for many years, but I had no idea that you lived in my old stomping grounds or that you taught high school at Tenafly High, just across the border in New Jersey. Anyway, you sat in on one of my workshop sessions, and it was then that I introduced to the world a new form I had invented the day before, the Personnetelle. I provided a lame example I had written the night before, but I was thrilled to receive an email from you a week or so later that contained history’s first GOOD example of the Personnetelle. What can you say about the poem, the form, and how content and form came together?
I’ve always loved the challenge of a poetry workshop prompt, however bad the result often is for me. I use writing prompts in my own teaching. I like to think of them as ways to start writers writing, but where they go with it is part of the process of discovery and creation. I encourage my students not to stick to my prompts too closely. Your invented form appealed to me because it was a blend of the sonnet and the villanelle, and it also demanded a narrative and an invented voice. I think I wrote the subjunctive first line before thinking of the whale ship Essex, which was sunk by a whale in the Pacific in 1820. Then I decided to write from the point of view of one of the survivors. That story has fascinated me since I studied Moby Dick in a National Endowment for the Humanities Institute and afterward read Nathaniel Philbrick’s In the Heart of the Sea. My poem, like his book, asks the reader to consider what it might be like to know you’re going to have to resort to cannibalism.
I surely cannot name another poet of note who teaches high school. It’s an extraordinarily demanding job and not one that allows for a great deal of artistic time or that particularly encourages much in the way of an outside artistic life for its teachers. Or maybe I’m wrong. How is it to be a high school English teacher and a poet?
I remember the fine poet Rhina Espaillat admonishing me about pursuing a career teaching high school English when I first started teaching fifteen years ago. She had taught for many years in the New York City public school system, and she said that it had robbed her of a poetry career, that only in retirement had she found the needed time to immerse herself in poetry. Admittedly, it’s been a challenge. Maybe this is why I’ve not found a wider readership sooner. I know I frequently resent the job because I don’t have time to think, to read, to write. Then again, I spend every day thinking and reading, and if not writing, then trying to teach kids how to write. Teaching English and creative writing in a good school, I’m still immersed in poetry more than I would be if, say, I sold insurance or drove a forklift or practiced law. I’ve managed to eke out poems in the little time I’ve been able to make, and there is always July and August.
But you don’t stop at poetry. You are also, in fact, a cruciverbalist with crossword puzzles have been published in The New York Sun, USA Today, the Los Angeles Times and the Mecca, The New York Times. How did you get into this field? The first name most crossword enthusiasts probably think of is Will Shortz. I can’t imagine that the world of cruciverbalists is very big. Do you and Shortz, like, hang out or anything? Are there conventions or parties? Does your skill as a poet translate into something useful as a crossword puzzle maker? Or, vice versa?
Making a crossword and writing a poem aren’t all that different, if you think about it. Both involve swimming in words, piecing together a structure, making lines with language. I got into crossword construction about eight years ago. I’d been solving them on my free periods in the English office at Tenafly High School with my colleague, Stan Flood, and I got hooked. But I’m usually not content to just be a passive participant, so one day, I said to Stan, “I’m going to make a crossword. How hard can it be?” Of course, I made all the classic mistakes—two-word answers, unchecked letters, obscure vocabulary. I submitted my puzzles to Will Shortz, who very kindly replied and pointed out the errors I’d made. He sent me the guidelines, and I tried again. And again. And again. Then I sent some puzzles to Peter Gordon, an extraordinary puzzle maker and then crossword editor of The New York Sun, a small city paper now defunct. Peter published my first two puzzles, both of which I’m still pretty proud. After many rejections, I finally landed one in The New York Times in early 2006. I remember how good it felt to walk into a Starbucks on the Upper East Side on the day my puzzle came out and to see a man sitting at a table and solving my puzzle. “How’s the puzzle today?” I asked him. “I’m doing pretty well,” he said. I told him I’d constructed it. “Are you Will Shortz?” he asked. I think I’ve had ten or eleven puzzles in the Times, and others in The L.A. Times, The Chronicle of Higher Education and Games magazine. I’ve joked with friends that it pays more than poetry and has a wider audience. Sad truths. When the documentary Word Play came out, I was thrilled to think that Bill Clinton or Jon Stewart or Natalie Portman might be solving my puzzle. I felt a bit the way a poet might by having a poem come out in The New Yorker. I’ve met Will Shortz on several occasions, helping out with running the annual Westchester Crossword Tournament. The first time I met Will, he invited me to join some other constructors at his home in Pleasantville, and he was kind enough to show us his extensive collection of crossword memorabilia. I’ve wanted to play Will in table tennis, his other passion, but that hasn’t happened yet. I probably won’t score a single point anyway. I hear he’s good.
As if this still wasn’t enough, you are also a painter who typically works in oils. I can certainly understand how the visual and textural elements of painting are transferrable to the page—indeed the influence of painting on poetry has been well-documented—, but I’m curious about how you decide that, okay, today it will be painting and this subject matter and tomorrow it will be poetry and this other subject matter. Is there any formula? Is there a particular sort of subject that you feel is better considered under the lens of the poet rather than the lens of the painter?
I enjoy the meditative quality of painting. Like most of my other pursuits, it’s something solitary that I can get lost in for hours. The urge to paint comes and goes. Most often, it comes after a museum visit. There’s really no schedule. If I’m in a mood to paint and have the time, I’ll paint. I often work from some reference material, too, usually a photograph I’ve taken, found or manipulated, so if I shoot something or find something interesting, it spurs me to set up the easel. I’ve done very little painting en plein air, mostly because it’s harder and I can’t bring my dog along.
Like one of our previous contributors, Keetje Kuipers, you, in 2004, were the recipient of the Margery Davis Boyden Wilderness Writing Residency Award and spent April through October, 2005 in a secluded cabin in the woods of southwestern Oregon. Please tell us about that experience and how it may have influenced your work.
This question might best be answered by reading my essay, “A Heaven I Knew Once,” in the 2012 issue of The Chautauqua Journal, due out any day now. I wrote that piece at the tail-end of my stay in the remote cabin, and it details my time there. I consider myself lucky to have had the opportunity to reside at this unique writing residency, and I recommend it for anyone with an appetite for solitude and a big dose of nature. The solitude was trying at times, especially in the heat of summer, but I had the company of my dog and the characters in many books. While living and writing at the cabin, I read some formal poets, among them Anthony Hecht and Richard Wilbur, and I wrote a good deal of formally structured poems. I think I came to realize that I need not always write that way, that open forms encourage the departure from artifice I seem to be straining toward. It was also an opportunity to let loose the divorce poems that were waiting inside me and to realize that—after disastrous events like Hurricane Katrina and the London transit bombings, the occurrence of which I was unaware at the time they were happening—my own wounds were negligible.
Summer break is almost here. How is Gary J. Whitehead—poet, cruciverbalist, painter, high school teacher, etc.—going to spend those precious weeks?
I have my garden in, so I’m looking forward to salads. With any luck, I’ll write some poems, hit upon a good puzzle theme, make a painting. I’m planning a trip to Paris with my wife, Betsy. And, whenever possible, naps. Short ones.
First Prospective
That looking forward—from bloom of youth
to wilt of death—must have, indeed, tapered,
yawning widely at the start with breath
pushed past another’s tongue, must
of tousled sheets on an imagined marriage bed.
Narrowing then, but not much,
with slapping of small feet on a stone floor,
with grins of syrup on a table of oak.
Within this mise-en-scene neither a stern look
nor a raised hand, neither the grunting weight
nor the plume of a huge cigar. A gathering
and focusing of the light of many days.
And all that time ahead like a tremendous
heaviness she could not yet feel,
the irritant necessary to make a pearl,
years in the darkness. Or did she know already
that marriage is a lens-bent search for distant objects,
their apparent brightness, nacreous and iridescent,
and that, rising to his requirement,
she’d be looking through a spyglass backwards?
Owl Pellet I Show My Students
A gray loaf full of tiny bones,
a curious present on the park road,
like something a car drove over—
once mouse or mole but now
a skeleton sewed into one
undigestible measure.
No more than half an ounce,
this used-to-be whiskered skitterer,
who once engaged in noctural pleasure.
Not so unlike you,
reckless, reckless youth:
scapula, fibula, tibia.
What is it that surrounds all your bones?
In truth, I cannot say,
just as I cannot say
what will one day gulp you down whole,
my soft little mousies, my tender moles.
One-Legged Pigeon
In a flock on Market
just below Union Square,
the last to land
and standing a little canted,
it teetered—I want to say now
though it’s hardly true—
like Ahab toward the starboard
and regarded me
with blood-red eyes.
We all lose something,
though that day I hadn’t lost
a thing. I saw in that sad bird
no antipathy or envy or vengeance.
It needed no pity, but just a crumb,
something to hop toward.
Biding Time in an Open Boat
If, in the end, we walk on land again
beneath the shade of maples, the sun
no longer punishing, we might forgive
ourselves for what we soon will do—
a thing unspeakable but spoken
still in the open boat of one's own
hunger. Ship-stove, sun-blistered,
sea-sick and starved, we drift in this
Pacific. Sharks, dolphins, pilot fish.
No hook and no harpoon. We will soon
do a thing unspeakable, though our wild eyes,
alight with sun or moon, whisper
to salted flesh the whispered deaths
of you, of me. How do I look to you,
who, like me, swoons to feel his belly full?
We will soon do a thing unspeakable.
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New Figures Show No Global Warming in 15 Years
Posted on January 31, 2012 January 31, 2012 by Jan Sobieski III | 3 Comments
The supposed ‘consensus’ on man-made global warming is facing an inconvenient challenge after the release of new temperature data showing the planet has not warmed for the past 15 years.
The figures suggest that we could even be heading for a mini ice age to rival the 70-year temperature drop that saw frost fairs held on the Thames in the 17th Century.
Based on readings from more than 30,000 measuring stations, the data was issued last week without fanfare by the Met Office and the University of East Anglia Climatic Research Unit. It confirms that the rising trend in world temperatures ended in 1997.
According to a paper issued last week by the Met Office, there is a 92 per cent chance that both Cycle 25 and those taking place in the following decades will be as weak as, or weaker than, the ‘Dalton minimum’ of 1790 to 1830. In this period, named after the meteorologist John Dalton, average temperatures in parts of Europe fell by 2C.
However, it is also possible that the new solar energy slump could be as deep as the ‘Maunder minimum’ (after astronomer Edward Maunder), between 1645 and 1715 in the coldest part of the ‘Little Ice Age’ when, as well as the Thames frost fairs, the canals of Holland froze solid.
Yet, in its paper, the Met Office claimed that the consequences now would be negligible – because the impact of the sun on climate is far less than man-made carbon dioxide. Although the sun’s output is likely to decrease until 2100, ‘This would only cause a reduction in global temperatures of 0.08C.’ Peter Stott, one of the authors, said: ‘Our findings suggest a reduction of solar activity to levels not seen in hundreds of years would be insufficient to offset the dominant influence of greenhouse gases.’
These findings are fiercely disputed by other solar experts.
‘World temperatures may end up a lot cooler than now for 50 years or more,’ said Henrik Svensmark, director of the Center for Sun-Climate Research at Denmark’s National Space Institute. ‘It will take a long battle to convince some climate scientists that the sun is important. It may well be that the sun is going to demonstrate this on its own, without the need for their help.’
He pointed out that, in claiming the effect of the solar minimum would be small, the Met Office was relying on the same computer models that are being undermined by the current pause in global-warming.
CO2 levels have continued to rise without interruption and, in 2007, the Met Office claimed that global warming was about to ‘come roaring back’. It said that between 2004 and 2014 there would be an overall increase of 0.3C. In 2009, it predicted that at least three of the years 2009 to 2014 would break the previous temperature record set in 1998.
So far there is no sign of any of this happening. But yesterday a Met Office spokesman insisted its models were still valid.
‘The ten-year projection remains groundbreaking science. The period for the original projection is not over yet,’ he said.
Dr Nicola Scafetta, of Duke University in North Carolina, is the author of several papers that argue the Met Office climate models show there should have been ‘steady warming from 2000 until now’.
‘If temperatures continue to stay flat or start to cool again, the divergence between the models and recorded data will eventually become so great that the whole scientific community will question the current theories,’ he said.
He believes that as the Met Office model attaches much greater significance to CO2 than to the sun, it was bound to conclude that there would not be cooling. ‘The real issue is whether the model itself is accurate,’ Dr Scafetta said. Meanwhile, one of America’s most eminent climate experts, Professor Judith Curry of the Georgia Institute of Technology, said she found the Met Office’s confident prediction of a ‘negligible’ impact difficult to understand.
‘The responsible thing to do would be to accept the fact that the models may have severe shortcomings when it comes to the influence of the sun,’ said Professor Curry. As for the warming pause, she said that many scientists ‘are not surprised’.
She argued it is becoming evident that factors other than CO2 play an important role in rising or falling warmth, such as the 60-year water temperature cycles in the Pacific and Atlantic oceans.
‘They have insufficiently been appreciated in terms of global climate,’ said Prof Curry. When both oceans were cold in the past, such as from 1940 to 1970, the climate cooled. The Pacific cycle ‘flipped’ back from warm to cold mode in 2008 and the Atlantic is also thought likely to flip in the next few years .
Pal Brekke, senior adviser at the Norwegian Space Centre, said some scientists found the importance of water cycles difficult to accept, because doing so means admitting that the oceans – not CO2 – caused much of the global warming between 1970 and 1997.
The same goes for the impact of the sun – which was highly active for much of the 20th Century.
‘Nature is about to carry out a very interesting experiment,’ he said. ‘Ten or 15 years from now, we will be able to determine much better whether the warming of the late 20th Century really was caused by man-made CO2, or by natural variability.’
Meanwhile, since the end of last year, world temperatures have fallen by more than half a degree, as the cold ‘La Nina’ effect has re-emerged in the South Pacific.
‘We’re now well into the second decade of the pause,’ said Benny Peiser, director of the Global Warming Policy Foundation. ‘If we don’t see convincing evidence of global warming by 2015, it will start to become clear whether the models are bunk. And, if they are, the implications for some scientists could be very serious.’
New Figures Show No Global Warming in 15 Years , 10.0 out of 10 based on 2 ratings
What happened to global warming?
Global Warming Alarmists Pick and Choose Data to Support Theory
Top scientists start to examine fiddled global warming figures
Gallup: More Americans Worried About Global Warming 15 Years Ago
Posted in Financial, Freedoms and tagged Al Gore, Global Warming, Liberalism, Taxation.
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alpineski Reporter
Deep freeze death toll rises to 48 as eastern Europe is battered by heavy snow
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2093891/Dozens-freeze-death-temperatures-plunge-MINUS-26C-parts-Eastern-Europe.html#ixzz1l5B5y7Ya
4 dead in freezing weather in Serbia, Bulgaria
http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/10066736
18 dead as severe cold snap hits Ukraine
Big freeze to hit Britain as temperatures plummet to -10C
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/topics/weather/9048441/Big-freeze-to-hit-Britain-as-temperatures-plummet-to-10C.html
Josef Over
It’s hard to locate knowledgeable folks during this subject, nevertheless, you could be seen as do you know what you might be dealing with! Thanks
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Obama Administration Picks Fight with Conscience; Congress Can Fight Back
A remarkable page in the history of American conscientious objection is being written by citizens throughout the United States who...
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Annotation 18 - Fourteenth Amendment
SECTION 1. RIGHTS GUARANTEED: EQUAL PROTECTION OF THE LAWS
Scope and Application
State Action .--''[T]he action inhibited by the first section of the Fourteenth Amendment is only such action as may fairly be said to be that of the States. That Amendment erects no shield against merely private conduct, however discriminatory or wrongful.'' 1 The Amendment by its express terms provides that ''[n]o State . . .'' and ''nor shall any State . . .'' engage in the proscribed conduct. ''It is State action of a particular character that is prohibited. Individual invasion of individual rights is not the subject matter of the amendment. It has a deeper and broader scope. It nullifies and makes void all State legislation, and State action of every kind, which impairs the privileges and immunities of citizens of the United States, or which injures them in life, liberty, or property without due process of law, or which denies to any of them the equal protection of the laws.'' 2 While the state action doctrine is equally applicable to denials of privileges or immunities, due process, and equal protection, it is actually only with the last great right of the Fourteenth Amendment that the doctrine is invariably associated. 3
''The vital requirement is State responsibility,'' Justice Frankfurter once wrote, ''that somewhere, somehow, to some extent, there be an infusion of conduct by officials, panoplied with State power, into any scheme'' to deny protected rights. 4 Certainly, state legislation commanding a discriminatory result is state action condemned by the first section of the Fourteenth Amendment, and is void. 5 But the difficulty for the Court has begun when the conduct complained of is not so clearly the action of a State but is, perhaps, the action of a minor state official not authorized or perhaps forbidden by state law so to act, or is, perhaps on the other hand, the action of a private party who nonetheless has some relationship with governmental authority.
The continuum of state action ranges from obvious legislated denial of equal protection to private action that is no longer so significantly related to or brigaded with state action that the Amendment applies. The prohibitions of the Amendment ''have reference to actions of the political body denominated by a State, by whatever instruments or in whatever modes that action may be taken. A State acts by its legislative, its executive, or its judicial authorities. It can act in no other way. The constitutional provision, therefore, must mean that no agency of the State, or of the officers or agents by whom its powers are exerted, shall deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. Whoever, by virtue of public position under a State government, deprives another of property, life, or liberty, without due process of law, or denies or takes away the equal protection of the laws, violates the constitutional inhibition; and as he acts in the name and for the State, and is clothed with the State's power, his act is that of the State.'' 6
''Careful adherence to the 'state action' requirement preserves an area of individual freedom by limiting the reach of federal law and federal judicial power. It also avoids imposing on the State, its agencies or officials, responsibility for conduct for which they cannot fairly be blamed. A major consequence is to require the courts to respect the limits of their own power as directed against state governments and private interests. Whether this is good or bad policy, it is a fundamental fact of our political order.'' 7 That the doc trine serves certain values and disserves others is not a criticism of it but a recognition that in formulating and applying the several tests by which the presence of ''state action'' is discerned, 8 the Court has considerable discretion and the weights of the opposing values and interests will lead to substantially different applications of the tests. Thus, following the Civil War, when the Court sought to reassert federalism values, it imposed a rather rigid state action standard. During the civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s, when almost all state action contentions were raised in a racial context, the Court generally found the presence of state action. As it grew more sympathetic to federalism concerns in the late 1970s and 1980s, the Court began to reassert a strengthened state action doctrine, primarily but hardly exclusively in nonracial cases.
Operation of the state action doctrine was critical in determining whether school systems were segregated unconstitutionally by race. The original Brown cases and subsequent ones arose in the context of statutorily mandated separation of the races and occasioned therefore no controversy in finding state action. 9 The aftermath in the South involved not so much state action as the determination of the remedies necessary to achieve a unitary system. 10 But if racial segregation is not the result of state action in some aspect, then its existence is not subject to constitutional remedy. 11 Distinguishing between the two situations has occasioned much controversy.
Confronting in a case arising from Denver, Colorado, the issue of a school system in which no statutory dual system had ever been imposed, the Court restated the obvious principle that racial segregation caused by ''intentionally segregative school board actions'' is de jure and not de facto, just as if it had been mandated by statute. ''[T]he differentiating factor between de jure segregation and so-called de facto segregation . . . is purpose or intent to segregate.'' 12 Where it is proved that a meaningful portion of a school system is segregated as a result of official action, the official agency must bear the burden of proving that other school segregation within the system is adventitious and not the result of official action. It is not the responsibility of complainants to show that each school in a system is de jure segregated to be entitled to a system-wide desegregation plan. 13 Moreover, the Court has also apparently adopted a rule to the effect that if it can be proved that at some time in the past a school board has purposefully maintained a racially separated system, a continuing obligation to dismantle that system can be said to have devolved upon the agency at that earlier point so that its subsequent actions can be held to a standard of having promoted desegregation or of not having promoted it, so that facially neutral or ambiguous school board policies can form the basis for a judicial finding of intentional discrimination. 14
Different results, however, follow when inter-district segregation is an issue. Disregard of district lines is permissible by a federal court in formulating a desegregation plan only when it finds an inter-district violation. ''Before the boundaries of separate and autonomous school districts may be set aside by consolidating the separate units for remedial purposes by imposing a cross-district remedy, it must first be shown that there has been a constitutional violation within one district that produces a significant segregative effect in another district. Specifically it must be shown that racially discriminatory acts of the state or local school districts, or of a single school district, have been a substantive cause of inter-district segregation.'' 15 The de jure/de facto distinction is thus well established in school cases and is firmly grounded upon the ''state action'' language of the Fourteenth Amendment.
It has long been established that the actions of state officers and agents are attributable to the State. Thus, application of a federal statute imposing a criminal penalty on a state judge who excluded African Americans from jury duty was upheld as within congressional power under the Fourteenth Amendment; the judge's action constituted state action even though state law did not authorize him to select the jury in a racially discriminatory manner. 16 The fact that the ''state action'' category is not limited to situations in which state law affirmatively authorizes discriminatory action was made clearer in Yick Wo v. Hopkins, 17 in which the Court found unconstitutional state action in the discriminatory administration of an ordinance fair and non-discriminatory on its face. Not even the fact that the actions of the state agents are illegal under state law makes the action nonattributable to the State for purposes of the Fourteenth Amendment. 18 ''Misuse of power, possessed by virtue of state law and made possible only because the wrongdoer is clothed with the authority of state law, is action taken 'under color of' state law.'' 19 When the denial of equal protection is not commanded by law or by administrative regulation but is nonetheless accomplished through police enforcement of ''custom'' 20 or through hortatory admonitions by public officials to private parties to act in a discriminatory manner, 21 the action is state action. When a State clothes a private party with official authority, he may not engage in conduct forbidden the State. 22
Beyond this point we enter the area in which the discriminatory intent is that of a private individual and the question is whether a State has encouraged the effort or has impermissibly aided it. 23 Of notable importance and a subject of controversy since it was decided is Shelley v. Kraemer. 24 There, property owners brought suit to enforce a racially restrictive covenant, seeking to enjoin the sale of a home by white sellers to black buyers. The covenants standing alone, Chief Justice Vinson said, violated no rights protected by the Fourteenth Amendment. ''So long as the purposes of those agreements are effectuated by voluntary adherence to their terms, it would appear clear that there has been no action by the State and the provisions of the Amendment have not been violated.'' However, that was not all. ''These are cases in which the purposes of the agreements were secured only by judicial enforcement by state courts of the restrictive terms of the agreements.'' 25 Establishing that the precedents were to the effect that judicial action of state courts was state action, the Court continued to find that judicial enforcement of these covenants was forbidden. ''The undisputed facts disclose that petitioners were willing purchasers of properties upon which they desire to establish homes. The owners of the properties were willing sellers; and contracts of sale were accordingly consummated. . . .''
''These are not cases . . . in which the States have merely abstained from action, leaving private individuals free to impose such discriminations as they see fit. Rather, these are cases in which the States have made available to such individuals the full coercive power of government to deny to petitioners, on the grounds of race or color, the enjoyment of property rights in premises which petitioners are willing and financially able to acquire and which the grantors are willing to sell.'' 26
Arguments about the scope of Shelley began immediately. Did the rationale mean that no private decision to discriminate could be effectuated in any manner by action of the State, as by enforcement of trespass laws or judicial enforcement of discrimination in wills? Or did it rather forbid the action of the State in interfering with the willingness of two private parties to deal with each other? Disposition of several early cases possibly governed by Shelley left this issue unanswered. 27 But the Court has experienced no dif ficulty in finding that state court enforcement of common-law rules in a way that has an impact upon speech and press rights is state action and triggers the application of constitutional rules. 28 It may be that the substantive rule that is being enforced is the dispositive issue, rather than the mere existence of state action. Thus, in Evans v. Abney, 29 a state court, asked to enforce a discriminatory stipulation in a will that property devised to a city for use as a public park should never be used by African Americans, ruled that the city could not operate the park in a segregated fashion; instead of striking the segregation requirement from the will, the court ordered return of the property to the decedent's heirs, inasmuch as the trust had failed. The Supreme Court held the decision permissible, inasmuch as the state court had merely carried out the testator's intent with no racial motivation itself, and distinguished Shelley on the basis that African Americans were not discriminated against by the reversion, because everyone was deprived of use of the park. 30
Similar to Shelley in controversy and the indefiniteness of its rationale, the latter element of which appears to have undergone a modifying rationalization, is Reitman v. Mulkey, 31 in which, following enactment of an ''open housing'' law by the California legislature, an initiative and referendum measure was passed that repealed the law and amended the state constitution to prevent any agency of the State or of local government from henceforth forbidding racial discrimination in private housing. Upholding a state court invalidation of this amendment, the Court appeared to ground its decision on two lines of reasoning, either on the state court's premise that passage of the provision encouraged private racial discrimination impermissibly or on the basis that the provision made discriminatory racial practices immune from the ordi nary legislative process, while not so limiting other processes, and thus impermissibly burdened minorities in the achievement of legitimate aims in a way other classes of persons were not burdened. 32 In a subsequent case, the latter rationale was utilized in a unanimous decision voiding an Akron ordinance, which suspended an ''open housing'' ordinance and provided that any future ordinance regulating transactions in real property ''on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin or ancestry'' must be submitted to a vote of the people before it could become effective, while any other ordinance would become effective when passed, except that it could be petitioned to referendum. 33
That Mulkey and Hunter stand for the proposition that imposing a barrier to racial amelioration legislation is the decisive and condemning factor is evident from two recent decisions with respect to state referendum decisions on busing for integration. 34 Both cases agree that ''the simple repeal or modification of desegregation or antidiscrimination laws, without more, never has been viewed as embodying a presumptively invalid racial classification.'' 35 It is thus not impermissible to overturn a previous governmental decision, or to defeat the effort initially to arrive at such a decision, simply because the state action may conceivably encourage private discrimination.
In other instances in which the discrimination is being practiced by private parties, the question essentially is whether there has been sufficient state involvement to bring the Fourteenth Amendment into play; that is, the private discrimination is not constitutionally forbidden ''unless to some significant extent the State in any of its manifestations has been found to have become in volved in it.'' 36 There is no clear formula. ''Only by sifting facts and weighing circumstances can the nonobvious involvement of the State in private conduct be attributed its true significance.'' 37 State action was found in a number of circumstances. The ''White Primary'' was outlawed by the Court not because the party's discrimination was commanded by statute but because the party operated under the authority of the State and it in fact controlled the outcome of elections. 38 Although the City of Philadelphia was acting as trustee in administering and carrying out the will of someone who had left money for a college, admission to which was stipulated to be for white boys only, the city was held to be engaged in forbidden state action in discriminating against African Americans in admission. 39 When state courts on petition of interested parties removed the City of Macon as trustees of a segregated park left in trust for such use in a will and appointed new trustees in order to keep the park segregated, the Court reversed, finding that the City was still inextricably involved in the maintenance and operation of the park. 40 In a significant case in which the Court explored a lengthy list of contacts between the State and a private corporation, it held that the lessee of property within an off-street parking building owned and operated by a municipality could not exclude African Americans from its restaurant. It was emphasized that the building was publicly built and owned, that the restaurant was an integral part of the complex, that the restaurant and the parking facilities complemented each other, that the parking authority had regulatory power over the lessee and had made stipulations but nothing related to racial discrimination, and that the financial success of the restaurant benefited the governmental agency; ''the degree of state participation and involvement in discriminatory action'' was sufficient to condemn it. 41
The question arose, then, what degree of state participation was ''significant''? Would licensing of a business clothe the actions of that business with sufficient state involvement? Would regulation? Or provision of police and fire protection? Would enforcement of state trespass laws be invalid if it effectuated discrimination? The ''sit-in'' cases of the early 1960's presented all these questions and more but did not resolve them. 42 The basics of an answer came in Moose Lodge No. 107 v. Irvis, 43 in which the Court held that the fact that a private club was required to have a liquor license to serve alcoholic drinks and did have such a license did not bar it from discriminating against African Americans. It denied that private discrimination became constitutionally impermissible ''if the private entity receives any sort of benefit or service at all from the State, or if it is subject to state regulation in any degree whatever,'' since any such rule would eviscerate the state action doctrine. Rather, ''where the impetus for the discrimination is private, the State must have 'significantly involved itself with invidious discrimination.''' 44 Moreover, while the State had extensive powers to regulate in detail the liquor dealings of its licensees, ''it cannot be said to in any way foster or encourage racial discrimination. Nor can it be said to make the State in any realistic sense a partner or even a joint venturer in the club's enterprise.'' 45 And there was nothing in the licensing relationship here that approached ''the symbiotic relationship between lessor and lessee'' which the Court had found in Burton. 46
The Court subsequently made clear that governmental involvement with private persons or private corporations is not the critical factor in determining the existence of ''state action.'' Rather, ''the inquiry must be whether there is a sufficiently close nexus between the State and the challenged action of the regulated entity so that the action of the latter may be fairly treated as that of the State itself.'' 47 Or, to quote Judge Friendly, who first enunciated the test this way, the ''essential point'' is ''that the state must be involved not simply with some activity of the institution alleged to have inflicted injury upon a plaintiff but with the activity that caused the injury. Putting the point another way, the state action, not the private, must be the subject of the complaint.'' 48 Therefore, the Court found no such nexus between the State and a public utility's action in terminating service to a customer. Neither the fact that the business was subject to state regulation, nor that the State had conferred in effect a monopoly status upon the utility, nor that in reviewing the company's tariff schedules the regulatory commission had in effect approved the termination provision included therein (but had not required the practice, had ''not put its own weight on the side of the proposed practice by ordering it'') 49 operated to make the utility's action the State's action. 50 Significantly tightening the standard further against a finding of ''state action,'' the Court asserted that plaintiffs must establish not only that a private party ''acted under color of the challenged statute, but also that its actions are properly attributable to the State. . . .'' 51 And the actions are to be attributable to the State apparently only if the State compelled the actions and not if the State merely established the process through statute or regulation under which the private party acted. Thus, when a private party, having someone's goods in his possession and seeking to recover the charges owned on storage of the goods, acts under a permissive state statue to sell the goods and retain out of the proceeds his charges, his actions are not governmental action and need not follow the dictates of the due process clause. 52 In the context of regulated nursing home situations, in which the homes were closely regulated and state officials reduced or withdrew Medicaid benefits paid to patients when they were discharged or transferred to institutions providing a lower level of care, the Court found that the actions of the homes in discharging or transferring were not thereby rendered the actions of the government. 53
In a few cases, the Court has indicated that discriminatory action by private parties may be precluded by the Fourteenth Amendment if the particular party involved is exercising a ''public func tion.'' This rationale is one of those which emerges from the various opinions in Terry v. Adams. 54 In Marsh v. Alabama, 55 a Jehovah's Witness had been convicted of trespass after passing out literature on the streets of a company-owned town and the Court reversed. It is not at all clear from the opinion of the Court what it was that made the privately-owned town one to which the Constitution applied. In essence, it appears to have been that the town ''had all the characteristics of any other American town,'' that it was ''like'' a State. ''The more an owner, for his advantage, opens up his property for use by the public in general, the more do his rights become circumscribed by the statutory and constitutional rights of those who use it.'' 56 Subsequent efforts to expand upon Marsh were at first successful and then turned back, and the ''public function'' theory in the context of privately-owned shopping centers was sharply curtailed. 57
Attempts to apply such a theory to other kinds of private conduct, such as to private utilities, 58 to private utilization of permissive state laws to secure property claimed to belong to creditors, 59 to the operation of schools for ''problem'' children referred by public institutions, 60 and to the operations of nursing homes the patients of which are practically all funded by public resources, 61 proved unavailing. The ''public function'' doctrine is to be limited to a delegation of ''a power 'traditionally exclusively reserved to the State.''' 62 Therefore, the question is not ''whether a private group is serving a 'public function.'. . . That a private entity performs a function which serves the public does not make its acts state action.'' 63 Public function did play an important part, however, in the Court's finding state action in exercise of peremptory challenges in jury selection by non-governmental parties.
In finding state action in the racially discriminatory use of peremptory challenges by a private party during voir dire in a civil case, 64 the Court applied tests developed in an earlier case involv ing garnishment and attachment. 65 The Court first asks ''whether the claimed constitutional deprivation resulted from the exercise of a right or privilege having its source in state authority,'' and then ''whether the private party charged with the deprivation could be described in all fairness as a state actor.'' In answering the second question, the Court considers three factors: ''the extent to which the actor relies on governmental assistance and benefits, whether the actor is performing a traditional governmental function, and whether the injury caused is aggravated in a unique way by the incidents of governmental authority.'' 66 There was no question that exercise of peremptory challenges derives from governmental authority (either state or federal, as the case may be); exercise of peremptory challenges is authorized by law, and the number is limited. Similarly, the Court easily concluded that private parties exercise peremptory challenges with the ''overt'' and ''significant'' assistance of the court. So too, jury selection is the performance of a traditional governmental function: the jury ''is a quintessential governmental body, having no attributes of a private actor,'' and it followed, so the Court majority believed, that selection of individuals to serve on that body is also a governmental function whether or not it is delegated to or shared with private individuals. 67 Finally, the Court concluded that ''the injury caused by the discrimination is made more severe because the government permits it to occur within the courthouse itself.'' 68 Dissenting Justice O'Connor complained that the Court was wiping away centuries of adversary practice in which ''unrestrained private choice'' has been recognized in exercise of peremptory challenges; ''[i]t is antithetical to the nature of our adversarial process,'' the Justice contended, ''to say that a private attorney acting on behalf of a private client represents the government for constitutional purposes.'' 69
Even though in a criminal case it is the government and the defendant who are adversaries, rather than two private parties, as is ordinarily the case in civil actions, the Court soon applied these same principles to hold that exercise of peremptory challenges by the defense in a criminal case also constitutes state action. 70 The same generalities apply with at least equal force: there is overt and significant governmental assistance in creating and structuring the process, a criminal jury serves an important governmental function and its selection is also important, and the courtroom setting intensifies harmful effects of discriminatory actions. An earlier case 71 holding that a public defender was not a state actor when engaged in general representation of a criminal defendant was distinguished, the Court emphasizing that ''exercise of a peremptory challenge differs significantly from other actions taken in support of a defendant's defense,'' since it involves selection of persons to wield governmental power. 72
The rules developed by the Court for business regulation are that (1) the ''mere fact that a business is subject to state regulation does not by itself convert its action into that of the State for purposes of the Fourteenth Amendment,'' 73 and (2) ''a State normally can be held responsible for a private decision only when it has exercised coercive power or has provided such significant encouragement, either overt or covert, that the choice must be deemed to be that of the State.'' 74
Previously, the Court's decisions with respect to state ''involvement'' in the private activities of individuals and entities raised the question whether financial assistance and tax benefits provided to private parties would so clothe them with state action that discrimination by them and other conduct would be subjected to constitutional constraints. Many lower courts had held state action to exist in such circumstances. 75 However the question might have been answered under the older cases, it is evident that a negative answer flows from the premises of the more recent cases. In Rendell- Baker v. Kohn, 76 the private school received ''problem'' students referred to it by public institutions, it was heavily regulated, and it received between 90 and 99% of its operating budget from public funds. In Blum v. Yaretsky, 77 the nursing home had practically all of its operating and capital costs subsidized by public funds and more than 90% of its residents had their medical expenses paid from public funds; in setting reimbursement rates, the State included a formula to assure the home a profit. Nevertheless, in both cases the Court found that the entities remained private, and required plaintiffs to show that as to the complained of actions the State was involved, either through coercion or encouragement. ''That programs undertaken by the State result in substantial funding of the activities of a private entity is no more persuasive than the fact of regulation of such an entity in demonstrating that the State is responsible for decisions made by the entity in the course of its business.'' 78
In the social welfare area, the Court has drawn a sharp distinction between governmental action subject to substantive due process requirements, and governmental inaction, not so constrained. There being ''no affirmative right to governmental aid,'' the Court announced in DeShaney v. Winnebago County Social Services Department 79 that ''as a general matter, . . . a State's failure to protect an individual against private violence simply does not constitute a violation of the Due Process Clause.'' Before there can be state involvement creating an affirmative duty to protect an individual, the Court explained, the state must have taken a person into its custody and held him there against his will so as to restrict his freedom to act on his own behalf. Thus, while the Court had recognized due process violations for failure to provide adequate medical care to incarcerated prisoners, 80 and for failure to ensure reasonable safety for involuntarily committed mental patients, 81 no such affirmative duty arose from the failure of social services agents to protect an abused child from further abuse from his parent. Even though possible abuse had been reported to the agency and confirmed and monitored by the agency, and the agency had done nothing to protect the child, the Court emphasized that the actual injury was inflicted by the parent and ''did not occur while [the child] was in the State's custody.'' 82 While the State may have incurred liability in tort through the negligence of its social workers, ''[not] every tort committed by a state actor [is] a constitutional violation.'' 83 ''[I]t is well to remember . . . that the harm was inflicted not by the State of Wisconsin, but by [the child's] father.'' 84
Judicial inquiry into the existence of ''state action'' may be directed toward the implementation of either of two remedies, and this may well lead to some difference in the search. In the cases considered here suits were against a private actor to compel him to halt his discriminatory action, to enjoin him to admit blacks to a lunch counter, for example. But one could just as readily bring suit against the government to compel it to cease aiding the private actor in his discriminatory conduct. Recurrence to the latter remedy might well avoid constitutional issues that an order directed to the private party would raise. 85 In any event, it must be determined whether the governmental involvement is sufficient to give rise to a constitutional remedy; in a suit against the private party it must be determined whether he is so involved with the government as to be subject to constitutional restraints, while in a suit against the government agency it must be determined whether the government's action ''impermissibly fostered'' the private conduct.
Thus, in Norwood v. Harrison, 86 the Court struck down the provision of free textbooks by the State to private schools set up as racially segregated institutions to avoid desegregated public schools, even though the textbook program predated the establishment of these schools. ''[A]ny tangible state assistance, outside the generalized services government might provide to private segregated schools in common with other schools, and with all citizens, is constitutionally prohibited if it has 'a significant tendency to facilitate, reinforce, and support private discrimination.'. . . The constitutional obligation of the State requires it to steer clear, not only of operating the old dual system of racially segregated schools, but also of giving significant aid to institutions that practice racial or other invidious discriminations.'' 87 And in a subsequent case, the Court approved a lower court order that barred the city from permitting exclusive temporary use of public recreational facilities by segregated private schools because that interfered with an outstanding order mandating public school desegregation. But it remanded for further factfinding with respect to permitting nonexclusive use of public recreational facilities and general government services by segregated private schools so that the district court could determine whether such uses ''involve government so directly in the actions of those users as to warrant court intervention on constitutional grounds.'' 88 Unlike the situation in which private club discrimination is attacked directly, ''the question of the existence of state action centers in the extent of the city's involvement in discriminatory actions by private agencies using public facilities. . . .'' Receipt of just any sort of benefit or service at all does not by the mere provision--electricity, water, and police and fire protection, access generally to municipal recreational facilities--constitute a showing of state involvement in discrimination and the lower court's order was too broad because not predicated upon a proper finding of state action. ''If, however, the city or other governmental entity rations otherwise freely accessible recreational facilities, the case for state action will naturally be stronger than if the facilities are simply available to all comers without condition or reservation.'' The lower court was directed to sift facts and weigh circumstances on a case-by-case basis in making determinations. 89
It should be noted, however, that the Court has interposed, without mentioning these cases, a potentially significant barrier to utilization of the principle set out in them. In a 1976 decision, which it has expanded since, it held that plaintiffs, seeking disallowal of governmental tax benefits accorded to institutions that allegedly discriminated against complainants and thus involved the government in their actions, must in order to bring the suit show that revocation of the benefit would cause the institutions to cease the complained-of conduct. 90
''Persons'' .--In the case in which it was first called upon to interpret this clause, the Court doubted whether ''any action of a State not directed by way of discrimination against the [N]egroes as a class, or on account of their race, will ever be held to come within the purview of this provision.'' 91 Nonetheless, in deciding the Granger Cases shortly thereafter, the Justices seemingly entertained no doubt that the railroad corporations were entitled to invoke the protection of the clause. 92 Nine years later, Chief Justice Waite announced from the bench that the Court would not hear argument on the question whether the equal protection clause applied to corporations. ''We are all of the opinion that it does.'' 93 The word has been given the broadest possible meaning. ''These provisions are universal in their application, to all persons within the territorial jurisdiction, without regard to any differences of race, of color, or of nationality. . .'' 94 The only qualification is that a municipal corporation cannot invoke the clause against its State. 95
''Within Its Jurisdiction'' .--Persons ''within its jurisdiction'' are entitled to equal protection from a State. Largely because Article IV, Sec. 2, has from the beginning guaranteed the privileges and immunities of citizens in the several States, the Court has rarely construed the phrase in relation to natural persons. 96 It was first held that a foreign corporation not doing business in a State under conditions that subjected it to process issuing from the courts of that State was not ''within the jurisdiction'' and could not complain of the preferences granted resident creditors in the distribution of assets of an insolvent corporation, 97 but this holding was subsequently qualified, the Court holding that a foreign corporation which sued in a court of a State in which it was not licensed to do business to recover possession of property wrongfully taken from it in another State was ''within the jurisdiction'' and could not be subjected to unequal burdens in the maintenance of the suit. 98 The test of amenability to service of process within the State was ignored in a later case dealing with discriminatory assessment of property belonging to a nonresident individual. 99 When a State has admitted a foreign corporation to do business within its borders, that corporation is entitled to equal protection of the laws but not necessarily to identical treatment with domestic corporations. 100
[Footnote 1] Shelley v. Kraemer, 334 U.S. 1, 13 (1948). Similarly, the due process clause of the Fifth Amendment, with its equal protection component, limits only federal governmental action and not that of private parties, as is true of each of the provisions of the Bill of Rights. The scope and reach of the ''state action'' doctrine is thus the same whether a State or the National Government is concerned. See CBS v. Democratic Nat'l Comm., 412 U.S. 94 (1973).
[Footnote 2] Civil Rights Cases, 109 U.S. 3, 11 (1883). With regard to the principal issue in this decision, the limitation of the state action requirement on Congress' enforcement powers, see infra, pp. 1929-33.
[Footnote 3] Recently, however, because of broadening due process conceptions and the resulting litigation, issues of state action have been raised with respect to the due process clause. See, e.g., Jackson v. Metropolitan Edison Co., 419 U.S. 345 (1974); Flagg Bros. v. Brooks, 436 U.S. 149 (1978); Rendell-Baker v. Kohn, 457 U.S. 830 (1982); Lugar v. Edmondson Oil Co., 457 U.S. 922 (1982); Blum v. Yaretsky, 457 U.S. 991 (1982).
[Footnote 4] Terry v. Adams, 345 U.S. 461, 473 (1953) (concurring). The Justice was speaking of the state action requirement of the Fifteenth Amendment. The Nineteenth and Twenty-sixth Amendments also hinge on state action; the Thirteenth Amendment, banning slavery and involuntary servitude, does not.
[Footnote 5] United States v. Raines, 362 U.S. 17, 25 (1960). A prime example is the statutory requirement of racially segregated schools condemned in Brown v. Board of Education, 347 U.S. 483 (1954). And see Peterson v. City of Greenville, 373 U.S. 244 (1963), holding that trespass convictions of African Americans ''sitting-in'' at a lunch counter over the objection of the manager cannot stand because of a local ordinance commanding such separation, irrespective of the manager's probable attitude if no such ordinance existed.
[Footnote 6] Ex parte Virginia, 100 U.S. 339, 346 -47 (1880).
[Footnote 7] Lugar v. Edmondson Oil Co., 457 U.S. 922, 936 -37 (1982). ''Freedom of the individual to choose his associates or his neighbors, to use and dispose of his property as he sees fit, to be irrational, arbitrary, capricious, even unjust in his personal relations are things all entitled to a large measure of protection from governmental interference. This liberty would be overridden in the name of equality, if the structures of the amendment were applied to governmental and private action without distinction. Also inherent in the concept of state action are values of federalism, a recognition that there are areas of private rights upon which federal power should not lay a heavy hand and which should properly be left to the more precise instruments of local authority.'' Peterson v. City of Greenville, 373 U.S. 244, 250 (1963) (Justice Harlan concurring).
[Footnote 8] ''Only by sifting facts and weighing circumstances can the nonobvious involvement of the State in private conduct be attributed its true significance.'' Burton v. Wilmington Parking Auth., 365 U.S. 715, 722 (1961).
[Footnote 9] Brown v. Board of Education, 347 U.S. 483 (1954).
[Footnote 10] Infra, pp. 1843-47.
[Footnote 11] Compare Washington v. Seattle School Dist., 458 U.S. 457 (1982), with Crawford v. Los Angeles Bd. of Educ., 458 U.S. 527 (1982).
[Footnote 12] Keyes v. Denver School District, 413 U.S. 189, 208 (1973) (emphasis by Court). See also Columbus Bd. of Educ. v. Penick, 443 U.S. 449, 457 n.5 (1979).
[Footnote 13] Id. at 208-213. The continuing validity of the Keyes shifting-of-the-burden principle, after Washington v. Davis, 426 U.S. 229 (1976), and Dayton Bd. of Educ. v. Brinkman, 433 U.S. 406 (1977), was asserted in Columbus Bd. of Educ. v. Penick, 443 U.S. 449, 455 -458 & n.7, 467-68 (1979), and Dayton Bd. of Educ. v. Brinkman, 443 U.S. 526, 540 -42 (1979).
[Footnote 14] Columbus Bd. of Educ. v. Penick, 443 U.S. 449, 458 -61 (1979); Dayton Bd. of Educ. v. Brinkman, 443 U.S. 526, 534 -40 (1979).
[Footnote 15] Milliken v. Bradley, 418 U.S. 717, 744 -45 (1974).
[Footnote 16] Ex parte Virginia, 100 U.S. 339 (1880). Similarly, the acts of a state governor are state actions, Cooper v. Aaron, 358 U.S. 1, 16 - 17 (1958); Sterling v. Constantin, 287 U.S. 378, 393 (1932), as are the acts of prosecuting attorneys, Mooney v. Holohan, 294 U.S. 103, 112 , 113 (1935), state and local election officials, United States v. Classic, 313 U.S. 299 (1941), and law enforcement officials. Griffin v. Maryland, 378 U.S. 130 (1964); Monroe v. Pape, 365 U.S. 167 (1961); Screws v. United States, 325 U.S. 91 (1945). One need not be an employee of the State to act ''under color of'' state law; he may merely participate in an act with state officers. United States v. Price, 383 U.S. 787 (1966).
[Footnote 18] Screws v. United States, 325 U.S. 91 (1945); Williams v. United States, 341 U.S. 97 (1951); United States v. Price, 383 U.S. 787 (1966). See also United States v. Raines, 362 U.S. 17, 25 (1960). As Justice Brandeis noted in Iowa-Des Moines National Bank v. Bennett, 284 U.S. 239, 246 (1931), ''acts done 'by virtue of public position under a State government . . . and . . . in the name and for the State' . . . are not to be treated as if they were the acts of private individuals, although in doing them the official acted contrary to an express command of the state law.'' Note that for purposes of being amenable to suit in federal court, however, the immunity of the States does not shield state officers who are alleged to be engaging in illegal or unconstitutional action. Ex parte Young, 209 U.S. 123 (1908), supra, pp. 1537-44. Cf. Screws v. United States, supra, 147-48.
[Footnote 19] United States v. Classic, 313 U.S. 299, 326 (1941).
[Footnote 20] Cf. Adickes v. S.H. Kress & Co., 398 U.S. 144 (1970).
[Footnote 21] Lombard v. Louisiana, 373 U.S. 267 (1963). No statute or ordinance mandated segregation at lunch counters but both the mayor and the chief of police had recently issued statements announcing their intention to maintain the existing policy of separation. Thus, the conviction of African Americans for trespass because they refused to leave a segregated lunch counter was voided.
[Footnote 22] Griffin v. Maryland, 378 U.S. 130 (1964). Guard at private entertainment ground was also deputy sheriff; he could not execute the racially discriminatory policies of his private employer. See also Williams v. United States, 341 U.S. 97 (1951).
[Footnote 23] Examples already alluded to include Lombard v. Louisiana, 373 U.S. 267 (1963), in which certain officials had advocated continued segregation, Peterson v. City of Greenville, 373 U.S. 244 (1963), in which there were segregation-requiring ordinances and customs of separation, and Robinson v. Florida, 378 U.S. 153 (1964), in which health regulations required separate restroom facilities in any establishment serving both races.
[Footnote 25] Id. at 13-14.
[Footnote 26] Id. at 19. In Hurd v. Hodge, 334 U.S. 24 (1948), the Court outlawed judicial enforcement of restrictive covenants in the District of Columbia as violative of civil rights legislation and public policy. Barrows v. Jackson, 346 U.S. 249 (1953), held that damage actions for violations of racially restrictive covenants would not be judicially entertained.
[Footnote 27] Rice v. Sioux City Memorial Park Cemetery, 245 Iowa 147, 60 N.W. 2d 110 (1953), aff'd by an equally divided Court, 348 U.S. 880 (1954), rehearing granted, judgment vacated & certiorari dismissed, 349 U.S. 70 (1955); Black v. Cutter Laboratories, 351 U.S. 292 (1956). The central issue in the ''sit-in'' cases, whether state enforcement of trespass laws at the behest of private parties acting on the basis of their own discriminatory motivations, was evaded by the Court, in finding some other form of state action and reversing all convictions. Individual Justices did elaborate, however. Compare Bell v. Maryland, 378 U.S. 226, 255 -60 (1964) (opinion of Justice Douglas), with id. at 326 (Justices Black, Harlan, and White dissenting).
[Footnote 28] In New York Times Co. v. Sullivan, 376 U.S. 254 (1964), and progeny, defamation actions based on common-law rules were found to implicate First Amendment rights and the Court imposed varying limiting rules on such rules of law. See id. at 265 (finding state action). Similarly, in NAACP v. Claiborne Hardware Co., 458 U.S. 886 (1982), a civil lawsuit between private parties, the application of state common- law rules to assess damages for actions in a boycott and picketing was found to constitute state action. Id. at 916 n.51.
[Footnote 29] 396 U.S. 435 (1970). The matter had previously been before the Court in Evans v. Newton, 382 U.S. 296 (1966).
[Footnote 30] Id. at 445. Note the use of the same rationale in another context in Palmer v. Thompson, 403 U.S. 217, 226 (1971). On a different result in the ''Girard College'' will case, see infra, p. 1689 n.14.
[Footnote 31] 387 U.S. 369 (1967). The decision was 5-to-4, Justices Harlan, Black, Clark, and Stewart dissenting. Id. at 387.
[Footnote 32] See, e.g., id. at 377 (language suggesting both lines of reasoning).
[Footnote 33] Hunter v. Erickson, 393 U.S. 385 (1969). In Lee v. Nyquist, 318 F. Supp. 710 (W.D.N.Y. 1970), aff'd, 402 U.S. 935 (1971), New York enacted a statute prohibiting the assignment of students or the establishment of school districts for the purpose of achieving racial balance in attendance, unless with the express approval of a locally elected school board or with the consent of the parents, a measure designed to restrict the state education commissioner's program to ameliorate de facto segregation. The federal court held the law void, holding in reliance on Mulkey that the statute encouraged racial discrimination and that by treating educational matters involving racial criteria differently than it treated other educational matters it made more difficult a resolution of the de facto segregation problem.
[Footnote 34] Washington v. Seattle School Dist., 458 U.S. 457 (1982); Crawford v. Los Angeles Bd. of Educ., 458 U.S. 527 (1982). A five-to- four majority in Seattle found the fault to be a racially-based structuring of the political process making it more difficult to undertake actions designed to improve racial conditions than to undertake any other educational action. An 8-to-1 majority in Crawford found that repeal of a measure to bus to undo de facto segregation, without imposing any barrier to other remedial devices, was permissible.
[Footnote 35] Crawford, 458 U.S. at 539 , quoted in Seattle, 458 U.S. at 483 . See also Dayton Bd. of Educ. v. Brinkman, 433 U.S. 406, 414 (1977).
[Footnote 36] Burton v. Wilmington Parking Authority, 365 U.S. 715 (1961).
[Footnote 38] Smith v. Allwright, 321 U.S. 649 (1944).
[Footnote 39] Pennsylvania v. Board of Trustees, 353 U.S. 230 (1957). On remand, the state courts substituted private persons as trustees to carry out the will. In re Girard College Trusteeship, 391 Pa. 434, 138 A. 2d 844, cert. denied, 357 U.S. 570 (1958). This expedient was, however, ultimately held unconstitutional. Brown v. Pennsylvania, 392 F.2d 120 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 391 U.S. 921 (1968).
[Footnote 40] Evans v. Newton, 382 U.S. 296 (1966). Justices Black, Harlan, and Stewart dissented. Id. at 312, 315. For the subsequent ruling in this case, see Evans v. Abney, 396 U.S. 435 (1970), considered supra, p. 1686.
[Footnote 42] See, e.g., the various opinions in Bell v. Maryland, 378 U.S. 226 (1964).
[Footnote 43] 407 U.S. 163 (1972). One provision of the state law was, however, held unconstitutional. That provision required a licensee to observe all its by-laws and therefore mandated the Moose Lodge to follow the discrimination provision of its by-laws. Id. at 177-79.
[Footnote 45] Id. at 176-77.
[Footnote 47] Jackson v. Metropolitan Edison Co., 419 U.S. 345, 351 (1974) (under the due process clause).
[Footnote 48] Powe v. Miles, 407 F.2d. 73, 81 (2d Cir. 1968). See also NCAA v. Tarkanian, 488 U.S. 179 (1988) (college athletic association's application of rules leading to a state university's suspension of its basketball coach did not constitute state action on the part of the association).
[Footnote 49] Jackson v. Metropolitan Edison Co., 419 U.S. 345, 357 (1974). In dissent, Justice Marshall protested that the quoted language marked ''a sharp departure'' from precedent, ''that state authorization and approval of 'private' conduct has been held to support a finding of state action.'' Id. at 369. Note that in Cantor v. Detroit Edison Co., 428 U.S. 579 (1976), the plurality opinion used much the same analysis to deny antitrust immunity to a utility practice merely approved but not required by the regulating commission, but most of the Justices were on different sides of the same question in the two cases.
[Footnote 50] Jackson v. Metropolitan Edison Co., 419 U.S. 345, 351 -58 (1974). On the due process limitations on the conduct of public utilities, see Memphis Light, Gas & Water Div. v. Craft, 436 U.S. 1 (1978).
[Footnote 51] Flagg Bros. v. Brooks, 436 U.S. 149, 156 (1978) (due process).
[Footnote 52] Id. at 164-66. If, however, a state officer acts with the private party in securing the property in dispute, that is sufficient to create the requisite state action and the private party may be subjected to suit if the seizure does not comport with due process. Lugar v. Edmondson Oil Co., 457 U.S. 922 (1982).
[Footnote 53] Blum v. Yaretsky, 457 U.S. 991 (1982).
[Footnote 57] See Amalgamated Food Employees Union v. Logan Valley Plaza, 391 U.S. 308 (1968), limited in Lloyd Corp. v. Tanner, 407 U.S. 551 (1972), and overruled in Hudgens v. NLRB, 424 U.S. 507 (1976). The Marsh principle is good only when private property has taken on all the attributes of a municipality. Id. at 516-17.
[Footnote 58] Jackson v. Metropolitan Edison Co., 419 U.S. 345, 352 (1974).
[Footnote 59] Flagg Bros. v. Brooks, 436 U.S. 149, 157 -159 (1978).
[Footnote 60] Rendell-Baker v. Kohn, 457 U.S. 830, 842 (1982).
[Footnote 61] Blum v. Yaretsky, 457 U.S. 991, 1011 -1012 (1982).
[Footnote 62] Flagg Bros. v. Brooks, 436 U.S. 149, 157 (1978) (quoting Jackson v. Metropolitan Edison Co., 419 U.S. 345, 352 (1974)).
[Footnote 64] Edmonson v. Leesville Concrete Co., 500 U.S. 614 (1991).
[Footnote 65] Lugar v. Edmondson Oil Corp., 457 U.S. 922 (1982).
[Footnote 66] Edmonson v. Leesville Concrete Co., 500 U.S. 614, 620 -22 (1991) (citations omitted).
[Footnote 67] Id. at 624, 625.
[Footnote 70] Georgia v. McCollum, 112 S. Ct. 2348 (1992). It was, of course, beyond dispute that a prosecutor's exercise of peremptory challenges constitutes state action. See Swain v. Alabama, 380 U.S. 202 (1965); Batson v. Kentucky, 476 U.S. 79 (1986).
[Footnote 71] Polk County v. Dodson, 454 U.S. 512 (1981).
[Footnote 72] 112 U.S. at 2356 . Justice O'Connor, again dissenting, pointed out that the Court's distinction was inconsistent with Dodson's declaration that public defenders are not vested with state authority ''when performing a lawyer's traditional functions as counsel to a defendant in a criminal proceeding.'' Id. at 2362. Justice Scalia, also dissenting again, decried reduction of Edmonson ''to the terminally absurd: A criminal defendant, in the process of defending himself against the state, is held to be acting on behalf of the state.'' Id. at 2364. Chief Justice Rehnquist, who had dissented in Edmonson, concurred in McCollum in the belief that it was controlled by Edmonson, and Justice Thomas, who had not participated in Edmonson, expressed similar views in a concurrence.
[Footnote 73] Jackson v. Metropolitan Edison Co., 419 U.S. 345, 350 (1974); Blum v. Yaretsky, 457 U.S. 991, 1004 (1982). Cf. Moose Lodge No. 107 v. Irvis, 407 U.S. 163 (1972).
[Footnote 74] Blum v. Yaretsky, 457 U.S. 991, 1004 (1982); Flagg Bros. v. Brooks, 436 U.S. 149, 166 (1978); Jackson v. Metropolitan Edison Co., 419 U.S. 345, 357 (1974).
[Footnote 75] On funding, see Simkins v. Moses H. Cone Memorial Hosp., 323 F.2d 959 (4th Cir. 1963), cert. denied, 376 U.S. 938 (1964); Kerr v. Enoch Pratt Free Library, 149 F.2d 212 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 326 U.S. 721 (1945); Christhilf v. Annapolis Emergency Hosp. Ass'n, 496 F.2d 174 (4th Cir. 1974). But cf. Greco v. Orange Mem. Hosp. Corp., 513 F.2d 873 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 423 U.S. 1000 (1975). On tax benfits, see Green v. Connally, 330 F. Supp. 1150 (D.D.C.) (three-judge court), aff'd. sub nom. Coit v. Green, 404 U.S. 997 (1971); McGlotten v. Connally, 338 F. Supp. 448 (D.D.C. 1972); Jackson v. Statler Foundation, 496 F.2d 623 (2d Cir. 1974). But cf. New York City Jaycees v. United States Jaycees, 512 F.2d 856 (2d Cir. 1976); Greenya v. George Washington Univ., 512 F.2d 556 (D.C. Cir.), cert. denied, 423 U.S. 995 (1975).
[Footnote 78] Id. at 1011.
[Footnote 79] 489 U.S. 189, 197 (1989).
[Footnote 80] Estelle v. Gamble, 429 U.S. 97 (1976).
[Footnote 81] Youngberg v. Romeo, 457 U.S. 307 (1982).
[Footnote 82] 489 U.S. at 201 .
[Footnote 85] For example, rights of association protected by the First Amendment. See Moose Lodge No. 107 v. Irvis, 407 U.S. 163, 179 -80 (1972) (Justice Douglas dissenting); Gilmore v. City of Montgomery, 417 U.S. 556, 575 (1974); Norwood v. Harrison, 413 U.S. 455, 470 (1973). The right can be implicated as well by affirmative legislative action barring discrimination in private organizations. See Runyon v. McCrary, 427 U.S. 160, 175 -79 (1976).
[Footnote 87] Gilmore v. City of Montgomery, 417 U.S. 556, 568 -69 (1974) (quoting Norwood v. Harrison, 413 U.S. 455, 466 , 467 (1973)).
[Footnote 88] Gilmore v. City of Montgomery, 417 U.S. 556, 570 (1974).
[Footnote 89] Id. at 573-74. In Blum v. Yaretsky, 457 U.S. 991 (1982), plaintiffs, objecting to decisions of the nursing home in discharging or transferring patients, sued public officials, but they objected to the discharges and transfers, not to the changes in Medicaid benefits made by the officials.
[Footnote 90] Simon v. Eastern Kentucky Welfare Rights Organization, 426 U.S. 26 (1976). See id. at 46, 63-64 (Justice Brennan concurring and dissenting).
[Footnote 91] Slaughter-House Cases, 83 U.S. (16 Wall.) 36, 81 (1873). Cf. Weber v. Aetna Casualty & Surety Co., 406 U.S. 164, 177 (1972) (Justice Rehnquist dissenting).
[Footnote 92] Chicago, B. & Q. R.R. v. Iowa, 94 U.S. 155 (1877); Peik v. Chicago & Nw. Ry., 94 U.S. 164 (1877); Chicago, M. & St. P. R.R. v. Ackley, 94 U.S. 179 (1877); Winona & St. Peter R.R. v. Blake, 94 U.S. 180 (1877).
[Footnote 93] Santa Clara County v. Southern Pac. R.R., 118 U.S. 394, 396 (1886). The background and developments from this utterance are treated in H. Graham, Everyman's Constitution--Historical Essays on the Fourteenth Amendment, the ''Conspiracy Theory,'' and American Constitutionalism (1968), chs. 9, 10, and pp. 566-84. Justice Black, in Connecticut General Life Ins. Co. v. Johnson, 303 U.S. 77, 85 (1938), and Justice Douglas, in Wheeling Steel Corp. v. Glander, 337 U.S. 562, 576 (1949), have disagreed that corporations are persons for equal protection purposes.
[Footnote 94] Yick Wo v. Hopkins, 118 U.S. 356, 369 (1886). For modern examples, see Levy v. Louisiana, 391 U.S. 68, 70 (1968); Graham v. Richardson, 403 U.S. 365, 371 (1971).
[Footnote 95] City of Newark v. New Jersey, 262 U.S. 192 (1923); Williams v. Mayor of Baltimore, 289 U.S. 36 (1933).
[Footnote 96] See Plyler v. Doe, 457 U.S. 202, 210 -16 (1982) (explicating meaning of the phrase in the context of holding that aliens illegally present in a State are ''within its jurisdiction'' and may thus raise equal protection claims).
[Footnote 97] Blake v. McClung, 172 U.S. 239, 261 (1898); Sully v. American Nat'l Bank, 178 U.S. 289 (1900).
[Footnote 98] Kentucky Finance Corp. v. Paramount Auto Exchange Corp., 262 U.S. 544 (1923).
[Footnote 99] Hillsborough v. Cromwell, 326 U.S. 620 (1946).
[Footnote 100] Wheeling Steel Corp. v. Glander, 337 U.S. 562 (1949); Hanover Ins. Co. v. Harding, 272 U.S. 494 (1926). See also Philadelphia Fire Ass'n v. New York, 119 U.S. 110 (1886).
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Report Finds That As E-Cigarette Ad Spending Increases So Does Teens’ Use Of The Devices
More ad money More teen smokers
1.6.16 12:21 PM EDT By Ashlee Kieler@akieler
More ad money More teen smokers e-cigarettes smoking centers for disease control and prevention advertising laws regulations ADS advertising and teens
As e-cigarette makers increase their ad spending, more teens have started using the devices.
About 2.4 million teens smoked e-cigarettes last year, and that number is poised to rise, thanks in part to the tens of millions of dollars device manufactures have poured into advertisements for the products, according to a new report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
The agency’s Vital Signs report found that more than 18 million young people see e-cigarette advertising in stores, online, in newspapers and magazines, or on television and in movies, increasing the likelihood they’ll eventually pick up one of the devices.
In fact, the report, which is based on a 2014 survey of 22,000 children and teens, found a correlation between increased ad spending and the number of teens who are using e-cigarettes.
The industry has rapidly increased marketing spending from $6.4 million in 2011 to $115 million in 2014, according to the CDC report.
During that same time period, e-cigarette use in the past 30 days increased from less than 1% to almost 4% among middle school students and from less than 2% to 13% among high school students.
“Exposure to e-cigarette advertisements may be contributing to increases in e-cigarette use among youth,” the CDC hypothesizes.
According to the CDC, the continued uptick in advertising of e-cigarettes threatens to undo decades of campaigns that focused on keeping teens away from tobacco products.
That’s because e-cigarette ads use many of the same themes – independence, rebellion, and sex – used to sell cigarettes and other conventional tobacco products.
Teens says they see nearly the same amount of ads on TV, online, in stores and in magazines or newspapers. {click to enlarge}
“The same advertising tactics the tobacco industry used years ago to get kids addicted to nicotine are now being used to entice a new generation of young people to use e-cigarettes,” CDC Director Tom Frieden, said in a statement. “Kids should not be using e-cigarettes and yet two-thirds of kids in this country are seeing e-cigarette ads.”
In all, the CDC report found that 68.9% of middle and high school students see ads from one or more media sources.
Most see e-cigarette ads in retail stores – about 54.8% – while about 39.8% view ads online. Similarly, nearly 36.5% of teens see the products on TV or in movies, and 30.4% reported viewing ads in newspapers and magazines in the last year.
The CDC and health advocates warn that if advertising, and other aspects of the e-cigarette industry aren’t regulated soon, more and more young people will be drawn to the devices.
“The irresponsible and indiscriminate marketing by the e-cigarette industry, coupled with a complete lack of government oversight, is putting the health of our nation’s kids at risk,” Matthew Myers, president of the Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids, tells NBC News. “It shouldn’t be a surprise that youth use of e-cigarettes has skyrocketed when kids are being inundated with marketing for these products.”
E-cigarettes have become increasingly popular in recent years, while the Food & Drug Administration has been slow to implement federal regulations.
While we wait for a final verdict on the FDA’s proposed regulations over e-cigarettes, the CDC suggests states and communities can do more to protect their youngest residents from the devices and the advertisements that go along with them. Those strategies include:
• Limiting tobacco product sales to facilities that never admit youth,
• Restricting the number of stores that sell tobacco and how close they can be to schools,
• Requiring that e-cigarettes be sold only through face-to-face transactions, not on the Internet, and
• Requiring age verification to enter e-cigarette vendor’s websites, make purchases, and accept deliveries of e-cigarettes.
“States and communities can also help reduce youth tobacco use by funding tobacco prevention and control programs that address the diversity of tobacco products available on the market, including e-cigarettes,” Corinne Graffunder, director of CDC’s Office on Smoking and Health, said in a statement. “We know what works to effectively reduce youth tobacco use. If we were to fully invest in these proven strategies, we could significantly reduce the staggering toll that tobacco takes on our families and communities.”
Taking steps now
Surgeon General: E-Cigarette Use By Young Consumers Is A “Major Public Health Threat”
Tobacco Companies Criticized For Lax Age-Verification On E-Cigarette Websites
cough cough kids kids
Pediatricians: Raise Smoking Age To 21, Ban Flavored Tobacco, Restrict E-Cig Sales
Making Moves to regulate e-cigarettes
California Senate Approves Bill To Regulate E-Cigarettes Like Traditional Tobacco Products
FDA Bans Sale Of E-Cigarettes To Minors; Requires Health Warnings
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HomeCall to Action
Introducing: MultiLateral Thinking
Coriolis Technologies is proud to invite you to become a MultiLateral Thinker.
The world of trade is broken; until very recently it was seen as a benign mechanism for promoting global economic growth. Today, trade is often conflated with national interests through populist, adversarial rhetoric and a zero-sum mind-set. This “I win, you lose” approach to trade threatens to bring down the institutional structures that the world has relied upon for both its economic and military security in the post-war period. In short, trade has become weaponised.
At Coriolis Technologies, we believe that this is a dangerous moment in our global history. In the modern era, the nature of politics’ influence on economics seems to be built more on national, rather than shared, interests. The essence of multilateralism is the pursuit of a common goal by international coalitions of interests; however, we feel this is rapidly being lost to the detriment of the way we conduct business, our collective military security, our environment, and even the way we live.
Coriolis is committed to providing timely, leading-edge data and analytics that will help us understand why these issues are arising and, through predictive learning, what can be done to solve them. Coriolis calls this project MultiLateral because it joins the data dots with insight and analysis: it tells its users where risks and opportunities are and where policy and strategy needs to think about risks that may arise.
But a campaign in itself is not enough; our approach is analytical and, as such, needs to be driven by people and companies who believe that now is the moment to generate facts based on reliable data. MultiLateral Thinking is about a globally-shared purpose to take the “fake” out of news and the “alternative” out of fact in order to put the trust back into data. Only then can we together re-build our political and economic institutions so that they serve the purpose of the digital age.
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Justice rally for 1984 massacre held in Surrey
in India — by Press Release — November 5, 2018
The victims of the 1984 anti-Sikh massacre were remembered at a justice rally held in Surrey on Sunday, November 4.
Organized by Indians Abroad for Pluralist India (IAPI) at Holland Park, the rally was well attended by South Asian activists who came together to denounce the pogrom aided and abetted by the Indian state following the assassination of then-Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi by her Sikh bodyguards.
The rally was started with a moment of silence for the victims of the recent attack on a Synagogue in Pittsburgh that left 11 Jewish worshippers dead.
The speakers were unanimous in their demand for justice to the victims’ families and punishments against those involved in the conspiracy. They also agreed that the massacre had set a precedent for violence against other minorities, especially Muslims under the current right wing Hindu nationalist BJP government.
Among those who addressed the rally was Surrey Centre Liberal MP Randeep Singh Sarai, who had also raised the issue of the Sikh massacre in the House of Commons. Sarai assured that he and his colleagues will continue to raise their voices for justice to those who suffered.
Others who spoke at the event included Conservative Party supporter and TV broadcaster Harpreet Singh, New Democratic supporter and human rights lawyer Amandeep Singh and Joseph from Communist Party of Canada (Marxist Leninist).
Barjinder Singh, who has been instrumental in organizing an annual blood drive in memory of the victims of 1984, also spoke on the occasion. The drive has saved 130,000 lives since it began in 1999.
Muslim activist Sayed Wajahat also spoke in solidarity with the Sikhs who continue to fight for justice.
Prominent poets, Amrit Diwana, Preet Manpreet and Sarabjit Baaz recited poems dedicated to victims of the 1984 violence.
Among those present were Guru Nanak Sikh temple, Surrey President Hardeep Singh Nijjar, anti-racism activist Avtar Singh Dhillon, and IAPI members Parshotam Dosanjh, Navtej Johal and Gurpreet Singh.
Tags: 1984 Sikh Massacre, Sikh Pogrom of 1984
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The world will see (and just saw) an Internet zombie apocalypse
Stanhope Philip (Dyn )
9:35–9:55 Thursday, 10 November, 2016
Watch the keynote
There has been a rapid increase in the frequency and volume of attacks on the Internet. In Q2, the record was 383 GB. In Q3, 1 TB was achieved. According to Akamai, more than 43% of network traffic was bot traffic in Q2.
Dyn was recently the subject of a major DDoS attack, its first significant disruption in over 15 years of operation. Phil Stanhope shares Dyn’s experience before exploring the rapid evolution of multilayer attacks happening on the Internet and outlining the steps to take to deal with them from an ops perspective.
How you operate in a crisis is critical to how you get through events like these, which unfortunately are becoming all too common. Whether you’re operating purely in the cloud, running your own bare metal and announcing BGP, or operating a hybrid model, there are lessons to be learned.
Stanhope Philip
Dyn
Phil Stanhope is vice president of technology at Dyn. Phil’s focus varies across engineering, infrastructure, architecture, analytics, operations, and emerging technology strategy and planning. Phil is a known thought leader in the industry, having served on numerous advisory boards and technology adoption programs over the past 25 years.
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CSD Annual Report 2014
CSD Annual Report 2014 Full text
pdf, 12 MB
Low Program
Economic Program
pdf, 6 MB
Sociological Program
Administration and Management
Crime and Security, Energy Governance and Energy Security, Human Rights and Migration, Justice, Social Policy and Economic Development, State Capture and Russian Influence
In 2015, the Center for the Study of Democracy marks its 25th anniversary. This is a good reason to look back and reflect on the changes, the accomplishments, and the challenges lying ahead. Along the thorny road from the fall of the Berlin wall through Bulgaria’s membership in NATO and the EU, the Center has been both an involved observer and a driver of societal change, a ‘think tank with teeth’ that has revealed the major challenges of Bulgaria’s transition and has relentlessly promoted policy reforms to address them.
These are a few of the areas where the Center’s efforts have produced measurable and beneficial impact:
Coalition building and monitoring for anti-corruption Since 1998, the Center for the Study of Democracy has pioneered the anti-corruption efforts of the Bulgarian civil society. CSD introduced an innovative public-private partnership format for co-operation among NGOs, governmental institutions and individuals for delivering anti-corruption awareness raising and policy advocacy. It consists of three pillars:
• annual anti-corruption policy forums;
• annual Corruption Assessment Reports; and
• the Corruption Monitoring System.
At present, the PPP format established in this way may look self-evident, but this was not the case in the second half of the 1990s. Back then, such civil society efforts were confined to raising public awareness about corruption and were seen as secondary to state institution actions. The CSD-led Coalition 2000 initiative pioneered this format in Bulgaria, while internationally this was achieved through the Southeast European Leadership for Development and Integrity (SELDI).
Countering organized crime
CSD has pioneered in another area traditionally perceived as the inviolable domain of state institutions – organised crime and national security. The Center has published ground breaking reports in this domain since the late 1990s. CSD has introduced new policy instruments in this area, such as the first Serious and Organized Crime Threat Assessment for Bulgaria. SOCTA analysed all major criminal markets and estimated their annual volumes. The SOCTA process was an exemplary cooperation between law-enforcement institutions, bringing together in close cooperation an NGO, the Bulgarian Ministry of Interior, the UK Serious Organised Crime Agency and law-enforcement institutions from Austria, Belgium, Germany and the Netherlands.
The Center has conducted its annual National Crime Survey (NCS) of victims of crime, which has become the most influential alternative to police crime statistics.
The presentation of annual results are closely followed by politicians, the media, and civil society.
New democratic institutions
Since the beginning of the democratic transition in Bulgaria, CSD has been actively involved in the legislative reform in the country, championing and contributing to the establishment of new legislation in a range of pivotal areas. The Center has engaged in the creation of many critical pieces of legislation, but it is a whole institution that stands out as an example of CSD’s rule of law and democratization efforts. CSD has initiated and overseen the establishment of the Ombudsman institution. It is a complementary mechanism for monitoring and control over the public administration and an out-of-court means of respecting and restoring human rights violated by the state. Following a long-standing and consistent advocacy, CSD drafted the legislation adopted in 2003, as well as the Internal Procedural Rules of the Ombudsman. Nowadays, the Ombudsman institution has become synonymous with equal, quick and easy access to justice and enjoys the highest trust of citizens.
These are only a few of the milestones that can be mentioned when looking back at CSD’s 25 year-old history. Other areas where CSD has exercised a significant influence in shaping national reform policies have been private sector development, energy security, and curbing the hidden economy. We look forward to the next 25 years of active engagement and positive social impact.
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The Blueskye Report, February 2018: Cameron Carpenter, Nelly, Air Supply, Peter Cetera, Amy and Freddy—and Tons More!
Written by Brian Blueskye
Nelly is coming to Fantasy Springs this Saturday, Feb. 3.
February is the month for love—and there’s plenty of love to go around at fantastic events throughout the month.
The McCallum Theatre has numerous events you’ll love in February. At 7 p.m., Monday, Feb. 19, classical organist Cameron Carpenter and his electric International Touring Organ will take the stage. I interviewed Cameron two years ago, and not only is he a brilliant organist (with a rather unorthodox appearance compared to many other organists, starting with a Mohawk); the story of his electric organ is pretty remarkable. Tickets are $27 to $77. At 8 p.m., Friday, Feb. 23, Broadway singing sensation Linda Eder will be performing. If Eder’s name doesn’t ring a bell, check out her impressive performances from the Broadway musical Jekyll and Hyde on the interwebs. Tickets are $37 to $87. At 8 p.m. Saturday, Feb. 24, you’ll get to see one of the talented women shown in the documentary 20 Feet From Stardom: Lisa Fischer. She has toured with Nine Inch Nails, Chris Botti, The Rolling Stones and many others. Tickets are $37 to $77. McCallum Theatre, 73000 Fred Waring Drive, Palm Desert; 760-340-2787; www.mccallumtheatre.com.
Fantasy Springs Resort Casino has a busy February; here are just a few events from the awesome schedule. At 8 p.m., Saturday, Feb. 3, R&B and hip-hop star Nelly will perform. Nelly has accomplished a lot in his career, with diamond and multi-platinum albums, big awards, successful acting gigs and a stint as a judge on CW’s The Next. Tickets are $39 to $79. Continuing on with R&B in the month of love, at 8 p.m., Saturday, Feb. 10, Charlie Wilson will perform. He’s had 10 No. 1 singles, and 11 Grammy Award nominations … without a win. Consider surprising your sweetheart with this show as an early Valentine’s Day gift. Tickets are $39 to $59. At 8 p.m., Saturday, Feb. 24, crooner Frankie Valli and the Four Seasons will appear. Just a warning: Frankie Valli shows often sell out! Tickets are $29 to $59. Fantasy Springs Resort Casino, 84245 Indio Springs Parkway, Indio; 760-342-5000; www.fantasyspringsresort.com.
Agua Caliente Casino Resort Spa has some fun shows on the calendar. At 8 p.m., Friday, Feb. 16, soft-rock duo Air Supply will be performing. It’s close to Valentine’s Day, so you could take your sweetheart to the show if you love him or her … or maybe if you don’t. Tickets are $40 to $60. At 8 p.m., Saturday, Feb. 17, comedian Sebastian Maniscalco will be performing. Maniscalco has a lot of funny jokes about his family life, as well as every-day idiots you encounter in life; one of his more amusing bits is about how he had to start shaving at a very early age. Tickets are $65 to $95. Agua Caliente Casino Resort Spa, 32250 Bob Hope Drive, Rancho Mirage; 888-999-1995; www.hotwatercasino.com.
Spotlight 29 is set for a fantastic February. At 8 p.m., Saturday, Feb. 10, the folk-rock duo America will be performing. Chances are you’ve heard “A Horse With No Name” in a film, television show, commercial or video game. America is highly influential to many artists, while Fountains of Wayne; James Iha of Smashing Pumpkins and A Perfect Circle; and Ryan Adams (just to name a few) have recorded with America. Tickets are $25 to $45. At 8 p.m., Saturday, Feb. 24, former Chicago vocalist Peter Cetera will sing. A great documentary called Now More Than Ever: The History of Chicago recently appeared on Netflix. Not surprisingly, Peter Cetera’s contentious departure from the band is widely discussed, although he did not participate in the making of the film. Tickets are $45 to $65. Spotlight 29 Casino, 46200 Harrison Place, Coachella; 760-775-5566; www.spotlight29.com.
Pappy and Harriet’s Pioneertown Palace is rocking in February. At 8 p.m., Thursday, Feb. 15, country-rock band Mick Rhodes and the Hard Eight (below) will be performing. Back in November, I hosted Mick Rhodes and the Hard Eight at The Hood Bar and Pizza—and it was fantastic. Mick has a great repertoire of country-rock originals that are fun, funny and sometimes sad. The band has a new record coming, and you’ll want to see this show. Admission is free. At 8 p.m., Friday, Feb. 16, Los Angeles rock band Valley Queen will take the stage. This is a band on the rise. NPR and the rock zine Stereogum have given this band a lot of props for an original sound with influences such as Fleetwood Mac, Patti Smith and others. Admission is free. At 8 p.m., Thursday, Feb., 22, Southern California country-rock band Calico the Band will be performing. When I think of Pappy’s, I think of Calico the Band: The group’s sound is perfect for the high-desert roadhouse scene. Admission is free. Pappy and Harriet’s Pioneertown Palace, 53688 Pioneertown Road, Pioneertown; 760-365-5956; www.pappyandharriets.com.
The Date Shed is back! After going dark last summer and mostly through the season, the venue is again holding events, even if the venue’s website doesn’t show any. At 9 p.m., Friday, Feb. 9, it’ll be a night of local rap music when J. Patron (above right), Thr3 Strykes, Provoked and Thoughts Contained will be performing. Tickets are $10 and can be purchased through Eventbrite. The Date Shed, 50725 Monroe St., Indio; 760-775-6699; www.dateshedmusic.com.
The Purple Room Palm Springs has some top-notch entertainment in February that’s perfect for a romantic date night out. At 8 p.m., Friday, Feb. 9, Crissy Collins, known for her roles in Tyler Perry’s films, will be appearing. She’ll be performing an evening full of love songs! Tickets are $30 to $35. At 8 p.m., Saturday, Feb. 10, dance-music star Debby Holiday will sing. Who can ever forget her 2004 smash hit “Half a Mile Away”? Tickets are $25 to $30. Michael Holmes’ Purple Room, 1900 E. Palm Canyon Drive, Palm Springs; 760-322-4422; www.purpleroompalmsprings.com.
The Copa Room has a couple of notable events in February. At 8 p.m., Friday, Feb. 9, comedy-and-music duo Amy and Freddy will be performing. The Copa regulars have appeared on America’s Got Talent and have shared the stage with Kathy Griffin, Mary Wilson and the Supremes, Bea Arthur and many others. Tickets are $25 to $45. At 8 p.m., Friday and Saturday, Feb. 16 and 17, jazz vocalist Spencer Day will be performing. You might remember Spencer Day from Star Search back in 2002-2003. Since then, he’s released five albums; his most recent, Angel City, was crowd-funded through Indiegogo. Tickets are $35 to $55. Copa Palm Springs, 244 E. Amado Road, Palm Springs; 760-866-0021; www.coparoomtickets.com.
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fantasy springs
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mick rhodes
valley queen
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Tag Archives: Gary G-Wiz
Public Enemy – Fear of a Black Planet
Fear of a Black Planet
Def Jam Recordings/ Columbia Records/ SME
1. Contract on the World Love Jam // 2. Brothers Gonna Work It Out // 3. 911 Is a Joke // 4. Incident at 66.6 FM // 5. Welcome to the Terrordome // 6. Meet the G. That Killed Me // 7. Pollywanacraka // 8. Anti-Nigger Machine // 9. Burn Hollywood Burn (feat. Ice Cube & Big Daddy Kane) // 10. Power to the People // 11. Who Stole the Soul? // 12. Fear of a Black Planet // 13. Revolutionary Generation // 14. Can’t Do Nuttin’ for Ya Man // 15. Reggie Jax // 16. Leave This Off Your Fucking Charts // 17. B Side Wins Again // 18. War at 33⅓ // 19. Final Count of the Collision Between Us and the Damned // 20. Fight the Power
This record has shock tactics written all over it, well compared to Public Enemy’s previous album that is, not in the grander scheme of things. It’s not as though It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back shied away from potential controversy. It most certainly did not. But it didn’t have a song titled Burn Hollywood Burn on it either. Perhaps the absence of Rick Rubin allowed them to speak their minds in a less politically correct manner. After all, would it really be a good idea for a white guy to man the boards, recording a song called The Anti Nigger Machine, social commentary or not? It certainly was a bad idea for group member Professor Griff to make anti semitic remarks in a Washington Times interview not long before Fear of a Black Planet was to be created, publicity stunt or not. It is for this reason he was given the boot by Chuck D, albeit temporarily, and he didn’t participate in the recording either.
I don’t know why it is that Rubin left. He is jewish and Griff did say some vile shit about god’s chosen people, but like I said: that racist motherfucker was out. Maybe Public Enemy and the Bomb Squad figured that two albums into their career they had enough knowledge, experience and a sizeable enough fanbase of their own to get by without him. Fact is that Rubin did leave and the difference in sound quality is immediately noticeable. It’s not like the Bomb Squad fail to bring the noise, they certainly are competent producers. But the beats do sound somewhat less rich and polished than they did under Rubin. The difference isn’t huge or anything, but it is there.
Besides the sound being slightly less tight overall and the guys getting a little more caustic, possibly under the influence of their new friend Ice Cube who in 1990 was the agriest motherfucker on the planet, which is a story for another day, it is for the most part a continuation of the chosen direction for Chuck, Terminator X and Flav.
That “wall of noise” thing they had introduced the last time around had worked pretty well and Chuck D had always been as dope an MC as they come so why wouldn’t it be?
Fear of a Black Planet mostly concerns itself with institutional racism, which makes this album incredibly current since that discussion is very much a thing right now.
911 Is a Joke, mostly performed by Flavor Flav takes a dump on emergency help services for poorly responding to incidents in black majority neighbourhood areas.
Burn Hollywood Burn, which because of its line up is every old school head’s wet dream and rightfully so since it sounds terrific, is about negative portrayal of black people in tv. series and films. On the Incedent at 66.6FM the Beastie Boys get called out, possibly for being a white band stealing and polluting appropriating and gentrifying a traditionally black artform.
The title track goes against anti-interracial relationship bigotry, and there are many other critiques of other forms of percieved racism on here. You can agree or disagree with the points being made, but you can’t say these guys don’t make them with gusto, flair and engagement, plus it generally makes for sonically fairly enjoyable music.
All things considered Fear of a Black Planet is a good album that should satisfy fans of It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back. Fact is that it’s not quite as good as that album is, which could be attributed to the loss of Rubin and perhaps Professor Griff depending whether he actually did anything musical in the group, but that’s not necessarily crippling the listening experience. After all lots of music is both not as good as that album and nevertheless still perfectly listenable.
911 Is a Joke
Burn Hollywood Burn
Pick this up.
Leave a comment | tags: Bill Stephney, Chuck D, Columbia Records, Conscious Hip-Hop, Def Jam Records, DJ Terminator X, East-Coast Hip-Hop, Eric "Vietnam" Sadler, Flava Flav, Gary G-Wiz, Hank Shocklee, Keith Shocklee, Kerwin "Sleek" Young, Old School Hip-hop, Review, Rock-Rap, Russell Simmons, Sony Music Entertainment, The Bomb Squad, The S1W | posted in 1988, Hip-Hop, Public Enemy, Sir Bonkers
Public Enemy – It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back
It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back
1. Countdown to Armageddon // 2. Bring the Noise // 3. Don’t Believe the Hype // 4. Cold Lampin’ With Flavor // 5. Terminator X to the Edge of Panic // 6. Mind Terrorist // 7. Louder Than a Bomb // 8. Caught, Can We Get a Witness // 9. Show ’em Whatcha Got // 10. She Watch Channel Zero?! // 11. Night of the Living Baseheads // 12. Black Steel in the Hour of Chaos // 13. Security of the First World // 14. Rebel With a Pause // 15. Prophets of Rage // 16. Party for Your Right to Fight
It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back was the album that broke rapper Chuck D, hypeman flava Flav and DJ Terminator X; collectively known as Public Enemy, to the masses and showed the world that there was a market for densely produced, vigourously performed rap songs about unapologetically Afrocentric subject matter and social commentary interchanged with swaggering party tracks. It outsold their more B-boy orented 1987 debut Yo! Bum Rush the Show and went gold within a week of release. Obviously they didn’t do all this alone. They were aided by the Bomb Squad, a production crew consisting of Hank Shocklee, his brother Keith, Eric “Vietnam” Sandler, G-Whiz and Chuck D himself. They developed a new hip-hop sound that was charactarised by the intrumental being packed to the gills with samples. It was later dubbed “the wall of noise”, analoguous to Phil Spector’s revolutionary “wall of sound” in the ’60s. The impressive thing is that that is hardly an overstatement. Compare how different for instance N.W.A sounded on N.W.A and the Posse and Straight Outta Compton. Then check out It Takes a Nation Of Millions to Hold Us Back, which came out a month before the latter and try to make the case that this album wasn’t a profound influence and that it didn’t pretty much reinvent rap music, changing it forever making it more musically complex and better in general.
You can’t because it did.
Overseeing this merry band of young, ambitious whippersnappers was super producer Rick Rubin who has a career trajectory that is pretty much unrivaled both in scope and in longevity. Dude produced everyone from Johnny Cash to Eminem, started working in 1982 and show no sign of slowing down today. It Takes a Million isn’t one of his lesser achievements.
Most good hip-hop combines music that sets a mood with a rapper with a unique mic presence and persona. It Takes a Million is no exception. Its storming beats are the perfect environment for Chuck D to land his equally intense vocals onto while Flava Flav rides shotgun. It Takes a Million is via the intro and a couple of skits framed as a live album which it most certainly is not. If however any hip-hop album is so energetic you can pretty much taste the music as it plays, as though it’s being constructed right in front of you, it is this one. The album kicks off with the pumping Bring the Noise and never loses stamina. The album never goes slower than midtempo and does even that only very rarely. The late ’80s were a simpler time for rap artists. “Slow jams for the ladies” were not yet necessary inclusions for Def Jam Records to consider a project for release, let alone weird EDM-rap mutations. In stead the listener is treated to a musical firestorm. You can disagree with these guys’ politics, but even then it would be incredibly difficult to deny the infectiousness of their music. Chuck D’s rhymes about his views on Nation of Islam and opression of blacks, among other subjects, are intense and authorative-sounding throughout.
It’s difficult to choose highlights from this album because it is an integral success and this is one of those albums which one should enjoy in its entirety. Still, personal favourites of yours truly are the rambunctious opener Bring the Noise, the teapot-whistle of Terminator X To the Edge later rebooted on Rebel Without a Pause, the fast-paced funk groove of Caught, Can We Get a Witness? The ’80s-rock tinged closer Party For Your Right to Fight is dope as hell, as are the ominous piano keys of Black Steel in the Hour of Chaos. Even the tracks that aren’t complete songs work: the sax-riff looping instrumental Show ’em Whatcha Got and the also vocal-less drum break Security Of the First World are sound music making, the latter two later served as the basis for completely different songs by other artists: Rump Shaker by Wrecx-N-Effect and Justify My Love respectively, and many other songs via those tracks getting jacked.
If you haven’t yet heard It takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back I suggest you drop everything and find a way to listen to it ASAP, it’s that good.
Bring the Noise
Terminator X to the Edge of Panic
Black Steel in the Hour of Chaos
Rebel With a Pause
Party For Your Right to Fight
1 Comment | tags: 1988, Bill Stephney, Chuck D, Columbia Records, Conscious Hip-Hop, Def Jam Records, DJ Terminator X, East-Coast Hip-Hop, Eric "Vietnam" Sadler, Flava Flav, Gary G-Wiz, Hank Shocklee, Keith Shocklee, Kerwin "Sleek" Young, Old School Hip-hop, Professor Griff, Review, Rick Rubin, Rock-Rap, Russell Simmons, Sony Music Entertainment, The Bomb Squad, The S1W | posted in 1988, Hip-Hop, Public Enemy, Sir Bonkers
Public Enemy – Yo! Bum Rush the Show
Yo! Bum Rush the Show
1. You’re Gonna Get Yours // 2. Sophisticated Bitch // 3. Miuzi Weighs a Ton // 4. Time Bomb // 5. Too Much Posse // 6. Rightstarter // 7. Public Enemy No. 1 // 8. M.P.E. // 9. Yo! Bum Rush the Show // 10. Raise the Roof // 11. Megablast // 12. Terminator X Speaks With His Hands
While N.W.A was just starting take off in L.A. with their profane, violent lyrics about raising hell in Compton and South Central L.A. over Dre and Yella’s phoncky beats something else was brewing on the East-Coast of the USA.
Indeed Public Enemy largely bypassed the gangsta shit or rhyming about street life, selling drugs and fucking bitches, in stead they decided to rhyme about politics, the African-American community and the American media and all sorts of things much more serious and less hilariously graphic than their West-Coast contemporaries did, while their at-the-time Def Jam-assigned producer Rick Rubin, as well as PE’s own production team the Bomb Squad, couldn’t be bothered by Cali’s rather literal funk, and channels a somewhat more rock-tinged sound for Chuck D to rap over while Flava Flav props him up alongside him, eventually doing as much for “conscious hip-hop” as N.W.A did for gangsta rap.
For a group known as militant and political this debut sure is tame. It would seem that PE didn’t quite get political from the get-go since subject-wise they mostly tackle the same B-boy subjects that Run and Daryl were known for rapping about, nor did they set the world on fire with this album, since I cannot find an indication that Yo! Bum Rush the Show did platinum, or even gold numbers, or scored any big hits (back when record sales and radio were an actual indication of how many people actually were reached by a record).
As uncompromising as N.W.A was in their sound and lyrical content on Straight Outta Compton, they at the very least had prevalent sense of fun on some of the songs off their debut. Songs like 8ball [Remix] or If It Ain’t Ruff may not have stood a ghost of a chance of getting played on the radio, but their sense of mischief and money maker-moving production paired with only made them extra suitable for fraternity parties.
Yo! Bum Rush the Show, because of being more acceptable to mom and dad’s ears and because of containing only one James Brown-sample, offers no such rebellious party function, which is probably why Yo! Bum Rush the Show didn’t go platinum on word of mouth, while Straight Outta Compton did.
Besides, few tracks go very far in expressing many of the profound but controversial beliefs PE is known for having (the dissing of gold digger-bitches on Sophisticated Bitch, the acquiring of a car on You’re Gonna Get Yours, the advise not to smoke crack on Megablast and the dismissal of sucker MCs on Public Enemy No. 1 are about the extent of the proceedings content-wise.)
The exception is Timebomb, which casually namedrops Kareem Abdul Jamar and adresses Apartheid and teen pregnancies among other similar subjects and Rightstarted (Message to a Black Man) which attempts to remind the black community of slavery and reasons about a link between high criminality rates among Afro-Americans and the white man holding the black man down. This is where the seeds of their 1988 breakthrough album It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back were sown.
Subject matter-wise Yo! Bum Rush the Show is varied enough to be consistently entertaining, with lots of old school-minded bragging, boasting and critiquing, as well as hints of social consciousness.
Technique alone elevates PE over the likes of RUN-DMC or the Sugar Hill Gang, who mostly rapped about the exact same subject matter, but never elaborately broke down any of these subjects the way Chuck D does, both content-wise and flow wise.
The beats are pretty fresh too. You’re Gonna Get Yours, an ode to Chuck’s beloved automobile has the kind of instrumental that would be equally well suited to score an ’80s race movie, with it’s jingling guitar, it’s booming bass and the scratching being substituted by car noises.
Sophisticated Bitch pairs rock guitars with hip-hop beats and takes one back to a time before soul and R&B were the obvious source material for hip-hop producers to sample.
Timebomb is the funkiest thing on here, which helps Chuck’s message go down and helps make the tone of the song activist rather than preachy.
Public Enemy Number One is the kind of propelling, minimal instrumental that manages to be both old school and timeless at the same time and makes anyone who rhymes over it sound good. (Even P. Daddy, when he jacked the beat wholesale for his song of the same name on his 1999 album Forever. A collection of songs with beats you’ve heard before elsewhere, better.)
Yo! Bum Rush the Show is a prime example hip-hop’s late ’80s coming of age. Chuck D (along with the likes of Big Daddy Kane, Rakim, N.W.A, the D.O.C., Ice-T and Schooly D) was one of the first to realise the genre’s potential lyrical complexity, all while, at the very least on this album, maintaining the old school sounds and mentality of those who came before him (RUN-D.M.C., LL Cool J, Sugarhill Gang). As such this is one of those albums every hip-hop historian should own, and an overlooked one at that. But since besides revolutionary and influential this is entertaining as hell from a music standpoint as well, fans of other musical genres that aren’t necessarily into hip-hop, should take this for a spin too.
You’ll rarely find an MC more authoritative-sounding than Chuck D and you will definitely never find a hypeman more engaging than Flava Flav. And with the Bomb Squad banging the beats and the legendary rock-producer Rick Rubin lending them a hand and overseeing this album’s creation you know what’s up.
You’re Gonna Get Yours
Public Enemy No. 1
Pick this one up.
2 Comments | tags: Bill Stephney, Chuck D, Columbia Records, Conscious Hip-Hop, Def Jam Records, DJ Terminator X, East-Coast Hip-Hop, Eric "Vietnam" Sadler, Flava Flav, Gary G-Wiz, Hank Shocklee, Keith Shocklee, Kerwin "Sleek" Young, Old School Hip-hop, Professor Griff, Review, Rick Rubin, Rock-Rap, Russell Simmons, Sony Music Entertainment, The Bomb Squad, The S1W | posted in 1987, Hip-Hop, Public Enemy, Rock, Sir Bonkers
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Home > NM Musician > Vol. 50
New Mexico Musician
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University of Toronto Archives and Records Management Services, 33 results 33
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Fonds Only top-level descriptions
Sheldon Zitner fonds
195?-2005
Fonds consists of records created by Sheldon P. Zitner over the course of his career as a scholar, writer, and poet. Files include published and unpublished drafts of poetry, correspondence relating to his career as a poet, drafts of academic essa...
Zitner, Sheldon
Divinity 150 Project fonds
Fonds consists of the administrative records and research papers of The Divinity 150 Project. It includes organizational documents, research notes and materials, surveys completed by divinity students, oral history recordings, copies of the databa...
Divinity 150 Project
Desmond J. Conacher fonds
The fonds contains the scholarly output of Conacher’s career, including research notes, lectures, offprints of his own and others’ work, personal and professional correspondence, and administrative records.
Desmond J. Conacher
Adam Chapnick Fonds
The fonds contains the material collected by Adam Chapnick during his research for his biography of John Wendell Holmes, Canada’s Voice: The Public Life of John Wendell Holmes, published by University of British Columbia Press in 2009. It includes...
Adam Chapnick
University of Toronto. Faculty of Information (iSchool) fonds
This fonds consists of 14 accessions from the University of Toronto's Faculty of Information (iSchool) and its precursors. See accession-level descriptions for more details.
University of Toronto. Faculty of Information (iSchool)
Thomas Barr Greenfield fonds
The fonds is divided into two series.Series 1 contains course notes, correspondence, addresses, articles, manuscripts, notes, minutes, and photographs relating to the activities of Thom Greenfield as a professor of educational administration at th...
Greenfield, T. Barr (Thomas Barr)
University of Toronto Libraries. Department of Rare Books and Special Collections (Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library) fonds
This fonds contains 8 accessions of records from the Department of Rare Books and Special Collections, also known as the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library. See accession-level descriptions for more details.
University of Toronto Libraries. Department of Rare Books and Special Collections (Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library)
Fred Flahiff fonds
CA ON00389 F15
Fonds consists of correspondence, manuscripts and transcripts of archival material and accumulated by Fred T. Flahiff, professor of English at the University of St. Michael's College. Includes research materials and manuscripts related to Fla...
Flahiff, F. T. (Frederick Thomas)
Victoria University (Toronto, Ont.). President's Office fonds
Fonds includes records from the terms of:Nathanael Burwash (1887-1913), Richard P. Bowles (1913-1930), Edward Wilson Wallace (1930-1941), Walter Theodore Brown (1941–1949), Harold Bennett (1949-1950), A. B. B. Moore (1950-1970), John Edwin Hodgett...
Victoria University (Toronto, Ont.). President's Office
George Wallis Field fonds
Fonds consists of the following series: records relating to research, 1934-2002; records relating to courses, 1950-1980; records relating to students, 1962-1993.
Field, George Wallis
Victoria University (Toronto, Ont.). Alumni Affairs and University Advancement Department fonds
1904-2016, predominant 1976–2016
Fonds consists of the records of Larry Davies, the Director of the External Relations and Development Department, primarily outgoing correspondence as well as records documenting the relationship between the Department, alumni, and alumni groups s...
Victoria University (Toronto, Ont.). Alumni Affairs and University Advancement Department
Joan Winearls fonds
Records of Joan Winearls, map librarian at the University of Toronto, consisting of correspondence, course and lecture notes, addresses, diaries, articles, research files for and drafts of the manuscript of "Mapping Upper Canada, 1780-1867&qu...
Winearls, Joan
Germaine Warkentin fonds
Records in this fonds document several aspects of Professor Warkentin’s career in the Department of English. There is extensive correspondence with colleagues and Canadian writers including James Reaney, Jay MacPherson, David Staines, William Bli...
Warkentin, Germaine
Ernest Mastromatteo fonds
This fonds contains records related to the professional activities and personal life of Dr. Ernest Mastromatteo, occupational physician. The bulk of the material in this fonds documents his roles as a medical practitioner, researcher, and occupati...
Mastromatteo, Ernest
University of Toronto Libraries fonds
This fonds for the University of Toronto Libraries contains 71 accessions of material originating from no discernible office within the University of Toronto Libraries system, or from defunct offices, and previous committees and task forces. See ...
David Rayside fonds
Records in this fonds document most aspects of Prof. Rayside’s career as an administrator, activist and academic. Series 1 (Biographical) and 2 (Correspondence) give a good overview of his career and the professional correspondence in Series 2 r...
Rayside, David
Alan D. Latta fonds
Four digital files of typed extracts from the personal diary Professor Latta began keeping in Dec. 1965, relating to the Department of German at Trinity College, the Combined Departments of German, and, as of July 1, 1975, the university German De...
Latta, Alan D.
John Arthur Sawyer fonds
Fonds consists of correspondence, memoranda, lecture notes, drafts of articles and addresses, documenting the career of John Sawyer at Royal Military College, Kingston, Ontario, the Dominion Bureau of Statistics, and the University of Toronto, at ...
Sawyer, John A.
Daniel W. Lang fonds
Personal records of Dr. Daniel W. Lang, professor, Department of Theory and Policy Studies, OISE/UT, and senior policy advisor to the president of the University of Toronto. Records include files relating to his activities as a senior administrat...
Lang, Daniel W.
Victoria University (Toronto, Ont.). Students' Administrative Council fonds
Fonds includes photographs and consists of ten series: Constitution, 1970–1998; Minutes and reports, 1970–2011; Directories, 1981–1993; Financial records, 1970–1987; Correspondence of the President, 1971–1995; Records relating to member organizati...
Victoria University (Toronto, Ont.). Students' Administrative Council
University of Toronto. Department of Family and Community Medicine fonds
This fonds contains 6 accessions of records. See accession-level descriptions for details.
University of Toronto. Department of Family and Community Medicine
Joan M. Bigwood fonds
Fonds consists of records related to the teaching and writing career of Joan M. Bigwood. Records include lecture notes, course administration and course material (outlines, assignments, exams, etc.), research notes, copies of articles, bibliograp...
Bigwood, Joan M.
University of Toronto. Faculty of Medicine fonds
This fonds consists of 57 accessions from the University of Toronto's Faculty of Medicine. Many of the accessions are from the Office of the Dean, while others are from other administrative units and programs. See accession-level description...
University of Toronto. Faculty of Medicine
University of Toronto Communications fonds
This fonds contains 52 accessions for the University of Toronto Communications, and its predecessors. See accession-level descriptions for more details.
University of Toronto. Strategic Communications and Marketing
Gwynneth Heaton fonds
Fonds documents research undertaken by Gwynneth Heaton in 1993 and 1994 to investigate the provision of reference services in medical school libraries. The investigation examined factors that may affect reference service such sa the proximity of o...
Heaton, Gwynneth
University of Toronto. Office of Convocation fonds
This fonds contains 34 accessionsA2008-0006: Official Convocation Roll Book 2007 consists of Diplomas Upgraded to Honours, In Absentia Graduates, Spring and Fall Convocations. User copy available.A1992-0011: Amendments to convocation rolls for 1...
University of Toronto. Office of Convocation
University of Toronto. History of Medicine Program fonds
See accession-level descriptions
University of Toronto. History of Medicine Program
University of Toronto. Centre for European, Russian, and Eurasian Studies at the Munk School of Global Affairs fonds
This fonds contains 2 accessions:A2016-0007: Contains records from the Centre for European, Russian, and Eurasian Studies (CERES) and its predecessor the Centre for Russian and East European Studies (CREES). Records include exchange program files...
University of Toronto. Munk School of Global Affairs
University of Toronto. Munk School of Global Affairs fonds
This fonds contains 1 accession;NOTE - THESE BOXES WERE DEACCESSIONED 2017/02/27A2015-0008: Contains press releases, media clippings, and video recordings regarding the Lionel Gelber Prize, an international award for distinguished writing in the ...
University of Toronto. Centre for International Studies fonds
This fonds contains 6 accessions from the University's Centre for International Studies. See accession-level descriptions for details
University of Toronto. Centre for International Studies
University of Toronto. Real Estate Operations fonds
This accession contains 5 accessions from the University of Toronto's Real Estate Operations office.
University of Toronto. Real Estate Operations
University of Toronto. Devonshire House fonds
This fonds contains 4 accessions from the University of Toronto Devonshire House. See accesion-level descriptions for details.
University of Toronto. Devonshire House
University of Toronto. McLuhan Program in Culture and Technology fonds
This fonds contains 2 accessions from the University of Toronto's McLuhan Program in Culture and Technology. See accession-level descriptions for more details.
University of Toronto. McLuhan Program in Culture and Technology
University of Toronto. Mark S. Bonham Centre for Sexual Diversity Studies fonds
This fonds contains 1 accession of records from the University of Toronto's Mark S. Bonham Centre for Sexual Diversity Studies.See accession-level description for details.
University of Toronto. Mark S. Bonham Centre for Sexual Diversity Studies
Frederick William Baker fonds
This fonds consists of one accession documenting Dr. Fred Baker’s association with the University of Toronto mainly during his period as Director of the Sioux Lookout Program (SLP). The accession is arranged into seven series. Series 1 summarize...
Baker, Frederick William
Health Science Information Consortium of Toronto fonds
This fonds contains 2 accessions from the Health Science Information Consortium of Toronto. See accession-level descriptions for more details.
Health Science Information Consortium of Toronto
Ian Hacking fonds
1854-2015 [predominant 1980-2010]
Fonds consists of records documenting the professional and personal life of analytic philosopher and professor, Dr. Ian Hacking. Records primarily focus on the academic and publishing activity of Dr. Hacking from the early 1980’s to 2010. The mate...
Hacking, Ian
George A. Zarb fonds
Personal records of George Zarb, Professor Emeritus of and former head of Prosthodontics in the Faculty of Dentistry at the University of Toronto, who introduced dental implantology to North America and who is recognized internationally for his co...
Melvyn A. Fuss fonds
Records of Professor Melvyn Fuss, Professor Emeritus of Economics, consisting of correspondence, memoranda, reports, lecture notes, manuscripts and publications documenting his education; his teaching at Harvard University; his administrative duti...
Fuss, Melvyn A.
Kay Armatage fonds
This fonds documents various facets of Prof. Armatage’s career as a filmmaker, senior programmer for the Toronto International Film Festival, and a professor of Cinema Studies and Women’s Studies at the University of Toronto. The academic activit...
Armatage, Kay
James E. Till fonds
Personal records of James E. Till, consisting primarily of correspondence, honours and awards, teaching materials, research and administrative files, manuscripts and addresses (including slides), interviews, and photographs, documenting Dr. Till&#...
Till, James E.
University of Toronto. Women and Gender Studies Institute fonds
This fonds contains 2 accessions from the UofT's Women and Gender Studies Institute. See accession-level descriptions for details.
University of Toronto. Women and Gender Studies Institute
Kessler-Colero
This fonds is divided into 4 series according to format. These are: Textual Material, Audio Material, Video Material and Cinefilms. The first series, Textual Material, includes sheet music, diaries, contracts, correspondence, and a number of prod...
University of Toronto. Department of Anthropology fonds
This fonds contains 3 accessions from the Department of Anthropology. See accession-level descriptions for more details.
University of Toronto. Department of Anthropology
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GOP Lawmakers Propose Limiting Governor's Veto Power
Proposal would bar executive branch from using veto to increase spending
Laurel White | Wisconsin Public Radio
Wednesday, July 10, 2019 | Updated Jul 10, 2019 2:03 pm CDT
(WPR) -- Republican state lawmakers are proposing a resolution that would limit the veto powers of Wisconsin governors less than a week after Democratic Gov. Tony Evers issued 68 partial vetoes of the state budget.
The proposal, sponsored by Sen. David Craig, R-Big Bend, and Rep. Mike Kuglitsch, R-New Berlin, would bar the governor from making any vetoes that increase state spending.
Evers used his veto pen to increase K-12 education spending in the budget by about $65 million.
"This unilateral abuse of power taken by the executive branch cannot go unchecked by the Legislature without seriously damaging the separation of powers doctrine in Wisconsin," Craig and Kuglitsch wrote in the resolution's sponsorship memo.
The lawmakers also wrote the "power of the purse" is held by the Legislature as a means of preserving a balance of power between the branches of government, particularly in regard to limiting the executive branch.
They called Evers’ veto a "power grab."
The governor’s spokeswoman, Melissa Baldauff, dismissed the proposal as the action of "sore losers" who "want to change the rules every time they don’t get their way."
"Republicans in the Legislature chose to ignore the will of the people, but Gov. Evers listened to the people who overwhelmingly said they wanted to see more investments in our public schools," Baldauff said. "To be clear, this is a temper tantrum in response to Gov. Evers using his authority to align the budget more closely with the will of the people and put more money into our kids’ schools."
The proposal appears to have a footing in the GOP-controlled Legislature.
Senate Majority Leader Scott Fitzgerald, R-Juneau, issued a statement Tuesday saying he supports the plan.
"Governors of both parties have used their partial veto powers to increase appropriations above what is authorized by the Legislature, which is concerning to lawmakers who are tasked with setting spending levels," Fitzgerald said in the statement. "I look forward to discussing this resolution in the coming months."
Assembly Speaker Robin Vos, R-Rochester, also said he supports the resoution.
"It’s common sense to not be able to increase spending through a veto," Vos said in a statement. "I plan to have a caucus discussion on the amendment in the near future."
Wisconsin governors have one of the most powerful veto pens in the country, with the power to remove words, numbers and punctuation from spending bills.
Former Gov. Scott Walker issued 99 partial vetoes of the last state budget of his administration.
Former Gov. Tommy Thompson was also a frequent user of the veto pen.
Speaking with reporters Tuesday after a conservative think-tank event in Madison, Thompson said he supports the potential change.
"I’m not going to criticize a governor for vetoes, but there’s one area I don’t think governors should be able to veto and I think that’s increasing appropriations," Thompson said. "That’s left up to the Legislature."
Wisconsin governor’s veto power has been limited gradually over the past 30 years through constitutional amendments.
In order for a constitutional amendment to go into effect it must pass two consecutive sessions of the state Legislature and then be approved by a statewide voter referendum.
In 1990, voters approved limiting the governor’s ability to delete letters from words to create new ones, a practice called the "Vanna White veto."
In 2008, they stripped the governor’s power to delete words to create new sentences, which was called the "Frankenstein veto."
Wisconsin Public Radio, © Copyright 2019, Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System and Wisconsin Educational Communications Board.
Jacob Hengtgen
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Israel greenwashing the “war on terror”
Jonathan Cook The Electronic Intifada 30 March 2010
Under cover of a sudden interest in developing new green technologies, the Israeli government hopes to weaken the Gulf states by making their oil redundant and thereby defeating “Islamic terror.”
Uzi Landau, the national infrastructures minister, outlined a vision of a world without oil this week to Israel’s most loyal supporters in Washington as he searched for wealthy American-Jewish investors and White House support for the strategy.
His message was that: “The West is addicted to oil, and so is bound by states that support terrorism … Whoever wants to fight radical Islam and terrorist organizations should know that by purchasing gasoline, he’s giving terrorists increased motivation.”
Analysts say the plan’s chief goals are to cripple the large oil-producing Gulf states, particularly Iran, which is seen as Israel’s main rival in the region, and resistance groups that oppose Israel’s long-term occupation of Palestinian land.
“Israel hopes that by repackaging the ‘war on terror’ in this way it can gain sympathy in the West and deflect increasing expectations that it make concessions to solve the conflict with the Palestinians,” said Avner de Shalit, a politics professor at Hebrew University in Jerusalem.
Thousands of delegates at last week’s annual conference of the American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC), the most powerful pro-Israel lobby group in the US, heard Landau describe the Israeli strategy as the best way to win the “war on terror.”
The conference was also attended by many senior US politicians, including administration officials such as Hillary Clinton, the secretary of state.
Without Arab money from oil, Landau argued, Iran would fade as a regional power and “terror groups” like Hamas in Gaza and Hizballah in Lebanon would cease to exist. Instead Israel could serve as an alternative “powerhouse” in the Middle East for environmentally friendly energy sources.
Both Israel and the US are determined to isolate Iran, which they claim is trying to develop a nuclear warhead to rival Israel’s own large nuclear arsenal. The White House is seeking to impose stiff sanctions, whereas Israel is believed to favor a military strike.
Israel failed to crush Hamas and Hizballah, two resistance groups that are backed by Iran, during attacks on Gaza last year and on Lebanon in 2006.
In a session entitled “Breaking the habit: Can US-Israel cooperation reduce our oil dependence?” Landau appealed to the US to join Israel in eradicating oil dependency as a way to defeat terror.
As he left Israel for the conference, he told local reporters he would try to persuade his audience that “by taking away its primary source of funding, we can defeat terrorism without firing a single bullet.”
Landau is known to be acting on the direct instructions of Benjamin Netanyahu, the Israeli prime minister, who announced back in October a “national project” to end the world’s reliance on oil within a decade.
At the same time Netanyahu gave responsibility to the National Economic Council, a think-tank inside his office, to develop “breakthrough” inventions that would eradicate the world’s need for oil and coal-based electricity.
“Dependence on fossil fuels strengthens the dark regimes that encourage instability and fund terror with their petrodollars,” Netanyahu told the cabinet as he unveiled the plan.
Gideon Bromberg, head of the Israeli green group Friends of the Earth, said Israel had a very poor record on environmental issues, but that he welcomed Netanyahu’s belated interest “even if it is for the wrong reasons.”
“He is an opportunist and recognizes that oil brings power,” said Bromberg. “If you can find an alternative to it, you make yourself more powerful and make your enemies weaker.”
Haaretz has reported that Netanyahu also hopes that new green technologies will allow Israel to strengthen its ties with China, which the government believes is the rising global power and less interested in the Palestinians and Israel’s occupation than the US and Europe.
Although Israel has developed new solar energy and water technologies, Netanyahu is reported to want a revolution in fuels used in transport, which accounts for a large proportion of oil use. Israeli companies are already involved in researching battery technologies for cars.
There are strong indications that Israel’s green technologies drive is related to plans developed by US neoconservative groups in the build-up to the attack on Iraq. Netanyahu is known to have maintained close ties to neoconservatives in the US.
Some of these groups lobbied the previous administration of George W. Bush to invade Iraq so that its oil fields could be privatized and the international markets flooded with oil.
According to the reasoning of officials at one influential think-tank, the Heritage Foundation in Washington, privatization would drive down oil prices, break up the Saudi-backed Opec oil cartel, and drain money away from “terror groups” and radical Islamic education.
Some neocons regarded this policy as particularly beneficial to Israel, because it would starve Hamas and Hizballah of funds and take the pressure off Tel Aviv to end the occupation.
In practice, however, the occupation of Iraq did not help Israel. Funding to Hizballah and Hamas instead appears to be provided by Iran.
The influence of neoconservative think-tanks on Landau has been indicated in recent weeks by the decision to share the stage with leading neoconservatives such as James Woolsey, a former head of the Central Intelligence Agency.
At a debate on ending global oil dependency at Israel’s annual “national security” convention in Herzliya in February, attended by most of the Israeli cabinet, Woolsey urged the destruction of Opec, claiming that Saudi Arabia controlled 90 percent of Islamic education.
He said that when people filled up their cars “you are helping to finance the people who finance hatred, incitement and terror.”
That view was echoed by other participants.
In December the United Nations criticized Israel for its poor record on using renewable energy sources. It ranked bottom for using solar sources to generate electricity, behind countries such as Senegal, Eritrea and Mexico, as well as Western countries with only a few hours of sunlight.
A government watchdog, Israel’s state comptroller, issued a report the same month arguing that Israel had not taken even basic measures to address climate change.
Jonathan Cook is a writer and journalist based in Nazareth, Israel. His latest books are Israel and the Clash of Civilisations: Iraq, Iran and the Plan to Remake the Middle East (Pluto Press) and Disappearing Palestine: Israel’s Experiments in Human Despair (Zed Books). His website is www.jkcook.net.
A version of this article originally appeared in The National, published in Abu Dhabi.
How Israel robs Palestinians of citizenship
Jonathan Cook 19 September 2017
Sunbathing at the crime scene: the Israeli resort that covers up a massacre
Jonathan Cook 3 June 2015
Israel moves to outlaw Palestinian political parties in the Knesset
Jonathan Cook 4 November 2014
Book review: "Israel and the Clash of Civilisations"
Raymond Deane 10 February 2008
Obama gov't restores visa to former spy, Netanhayu adviser
Jonathan Cook 20 May 2009
Little progress in Obama-Netanyahu talks
Jim Lobe 20 May 2009
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No cuts, all glory
Yashashree Pisolkar
Varsity boys volleyball maintains its competitive edge despite informal tryout process
A quick look at the varsity boys volleyball team’s record reveals just how competitive the team is. They have qualified for CCS for the past four seasons and went undefeated 20 – 0 last season. Surely you would expect a highly selective process during tryouts – one with multiple cuts in order to build such a strong team.
But that’s not the case. There are no formal tryouts in boys volleyball.
Head coach Paul Chiu takes a different approach compared to other varsity sports teams when it comes to orchestrating tryouts. Instead of a two-week long evaluation process during the scheduled tryout time for spring sports, he hosts open gyms and skill sessions on a regular basis year round, encouraging prospective players to come in voluntarily to practice. While athletes benefit from open court practices, Chiu observes the players from afar, evaluating their skills not for the purpose of making cuts, but in order to gauge the talent and commitment within his pool of athletes. Prolonged exposure to the athletes allows Chiu to have a solid idea of the team’s strengths and areas for improvement. Consequently, the tryouts are a mere formality, and the team-building process carries more weight heading into competition season.
Chiu’s evaluation of prospective varsity athletes actually begins as early as eighth grade. Since he also coaches boys volleyball at Kennedy Middle School, Chiu gets to see the group of students that will later attend MVHS their freshman year. In fact, Chiu had worked with six of the eight juniors on this year’s team before they even came to MVHS through open gyms he held over the summer before their freshman year. Although Chiu detects a spark in these young athletes, sometimes he prefers to wait patiently until the athlete takes the initiative to approach the team.
Senior captain Ryan Manley is one such athlete who has been playing volleyball since his middle school years. Also an active member of club volleyball since the eighth grade, Manley approached Chiu during his freshman year.
“I went and found the team,” Manley said. “After a great season at Kennedy [Middle School], I knew that I was definitely going to tryout for the team.”
As a seasoned athlete, Manley understands many of the behind-the-court dynamics that come into play when building a highly-ranked CCS team. Currently pre-ranked fifth in CCS, the boys volleyball team boasts exceptionally skilled athletes –– some of whom make the selection decision for varsity athletes hard on Chiu.
The varsity level is vaguely defined. Chiu provides his juniors and seniors a choice: they can be on the varsity team but may not get a whole lot of play time, or they can choose to opt out of the team entirely. Chiu expects that players who continue on varsity will put their best foot forward and try to develop their leadership potential along with their technique.
“I usually know my pool of players, I just have to make a decision about which sophomores I’m going to bring up [from JV],” Chiu said.
The decision of finalizing the varsity roster boils down to the sophomores that exhibit talent and mastery. While most juniors and seniors have clarity about their status on the team before the so-called “tryouts” even take place, the sophomores on JV have to prove that they are dedicated and ready to take on the challenge of playing with the seasoned varsity athletes through their performance on the court during practices and games.
“[Coach Chiu] has a wealth of knowledge, so [passing] it on to the younger players earlier on before they even come onto varsity is really important,” Manley said.
Junior Kevin Zhang got pulled up to varsity part way through the season during his sophomore year. In his very first game on varsity, he had to face Mountain View High School, a formidable team with more than a few strong players. To raise the stakes even higher, Monta Vista was down two starting players. Daunting as it seemed, Zhang stepped up to play as a starter and blocked shot after shot. With every shot he convinced not only himself but also Chiu that he could play at the varsity level.
“It was pretty exciting,” Zhang said. “The challenge was tougher, so I knew I had to step it up. There was a learning curve, and I got over it.”
Pressure is still on
Even though there essentially aren’t any tryouts for volleyball, competition between players is still present. Players compete constantly for playing time. At any given time, there are only six players on the court, and there are 14 players on the team. The system is simple: more skilled players get more playing time, less skilled players get less playing time. After all, the team has a record to break and a reputation to live up to.
“There’s a lot of pressure,” assistant coach and Class of 2012 alumnus Brandon Tiongson said. “The team’s been really good for the past four years. During practices we practice really hard, and if we don’t, coach yells.”
Even though there is no clear-cut tryout process, Chiu expects that all the athletes will set and achieve high goals. According to Manley, although boys volleyball may be perceived as a less physical sport compared to football, basketball or wrestling, the team knows that the game is intense and volleyball is not a sport to join just for fun. Granted, fun is a byproduct of performing well throughout the season. Despite the rigor of the team, drills and practice games do not go long without hoots and hollers from team members at the end of a play. No matter how the play ends, the reaction from the team is the same: high fives all around. Despite Chiu’s untraditional approach to tryouts, he has managed to build an effective team that looks forward to yet another successful season.
“We believe that we are one of the top four teams in CCS,” Chiu said. “At that point it’s very competitive. Obviously we have to play well to win CCS and ultimately win NorCal.”
Corrections (March 14 at 7:56 p.m.): For varsity swimming tryouts prospective athletes are required to swim 10X100 at 3 minutes. Strong athletes are able to complete the set in about a minute with two minutes of rest time. Track and Field athletes do not have a clear-cut deadline for applying, but are expected to express interest in a timely fashion. According to Head Coach Kirk Flatow, cuts are made for disciplinary purposes more so than skill level.
Tags: boys volleyball, Brandon Tiongson, Coach Paul Chiu, Eric Zhang, Kevin Zhang, Ryan Bishop, Ryan Manley
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"We do not know whether we will achieve an agreement — but we do know that after two decades of war, the hour has come to at least try for peace," US President Trump
by Web Desk | Published on February 6, 2019 (Edited February 6, 2019)
WASHINGTON – US President Donald Trump has said that his administration is holding constructive talks with groups in Afghanistan, including Taliban. Radio Pakistan reported. In his second State of the Union address to the Congress on Wednesday morning, he said
WASHINGTON – US President Donald Trump has said that his administration is holding constructive talks with groups in Afghanistan, including Taliban. Radio Pakistan reported.
In his second State of the Union address to the Congress on Wednesday morning, he said we do not know whether we will achieve an agreement, but we do know that after two decades of war, the hour has come to at least try for peace.
“We do not know whether we will achieve an agreement — but we do know that after two decades of war, the hour has come to at least try for peace,” he said.
“Great nations do not fight endless wars,” Trump said, after his controversial orders to pull all US troops out of Syria and half of the 14,000-strong force in Afghanistan.
He said we would be able to reduce the US troop presence and focus on counter-terrorism as it makes progress.
“And we will indeed focus on counterterrorism,” he added.
Trump made the comments while defending his plans for Afghanistan and Syria, which have met push back from Congress and the foreign policy establishment.
“As a candidate for president, I pledged a new approach. Great nations do not fight endless wars,” he said.
Trump also declared victory against the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) when he said in December that troops would be withdrawn from Syria. He stated that “virtually” all territory has been retaken from ISIS.
Now, as we work with our allies to destroy the remnants of ISIS, it is time to give our brave warriors in Syria a warm welcome home,” he said.
US President Trump has used the speech to urge Americans to “choose greatness”.
But he couldn’t resist a quick jab at the Democrats and Robert Mueller’s investigation into whether the Trump campaign colluded with Russia during the presidential election.
After noting America’s economy as the “envy of the world”, he attacked “ridiculous partisan investigations”.
“The only thing that can stop it are foolish wars, politics, or ridiculous partisan investigations,” he said.
Trump’s controversial push for US$5.7 billion for a border wall was a prominent part of his speech.
“Republicans and Democrats must join forces again to confront an urgent national crisis,” he said.
“The Congress has 10 days left to pass a bill that will fund our government, protect our homeland, and secure our southern border,” Trump said.
The US President said that “Now is the time for the Congress to show the world that America is committed to ending illegal immigration and putting the ruthless coyotes, cartels, drug dealers, and human traffickers out of business.”
Us President Donald Trump also announced a second summit with North Korean dictator Kim Jong-un, which will take place on February 27 and 28 in Vietnam.
“As part of a bold new diplomacy, we continue our historic push for peace on the Korean Peninsula. Our hostages have come home, nuclear testing has stopped, and there has not been a missile launch in 15 months,” he said.
Highlighting decades of “political stalemate” and “politics of revenge”, the President said it was time for Americans to make a choice.
#SOTUhttps://t.co/kL6SoClx4K
“We must choose between greatness or gridlock, results or resistance — vision or vengeance. Incredible progress or pointless destruction,” he said.
Trump urged the US nation that “Tonight, I ask you to choose greatness”.
Trump’s opening remarks received bipartisan applause. He said America was to embark on a “bold new adventure” towards a “new standard of living for the 21st century”.
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Laeti
Laeti /ˈlɛtaɪ/, the plural form of laetus /ˈliːtəs/, was a term used in the late Roman Empire to denote communities of barbari ("barbarians") i.e. foreigners, or people from outside the Empire, permitted to settle on, and granted land in, imperial territory on condition that they provide recruits for the Roman military.[1] The term laetus is of uncertain origin. It means "lucky" or "happy" in Latin but may derive from a non-Latin word. It may derive from a Germanic word meaning "serf" or "half-free colonist".[2] Other authorities suggest the term was of Celtic or Iranian origin.[3]
OriginEdit
The Laeti may have been groups of migrants drawn from the tribes that lived beyond the Empire's borders. These had been in constant contact and intermittent warfare with the Empire since its northern borders were stabilized in the reign of Augustus in the early 1st century. In the West, these tribes were primarily Germans, living beyond the Rhine. There is no mention in the sources of laeti in the Eastern section of the Empire.[4] Literary sources mention laeti only from the late 3rd and 4th centuries.
Although the literary sources mention laeti only from the 4th century onwards, it is likely that their antecedents existed from as early as the 2nd century: the 3rd-century historian Dio Cassius reports that emperor Marcus Aurelius (ruled 161–180) granted land in the border regions of Germania, Pannonia, Moesia and Dacia, and even in Italy itself, to groups of Marcomanni, Quadi and Iazyges tribespeople captured during the Marcomannic Wars (although Marcus Aurelius later expelled those settled in the peninsula after one group mutinied and briefly seized Ravenna, the base of the Adriatic fleet).[5] These settlers may have been the original laeti. Indeed, there is evidence that the practice of settling communities of barbari inside the Empire stretches as far back as the founder-emperor Augustus himself (ruled 42 BC - 14 AD): during his time, a number of subgroups of German tribes from the eastern bank of the Rhine were transferred, at their own request, to the Roman-controlled western bank, e.g. the Cugerni, a subgroup of the Sugambri tribe, and the Ubii.[6] In 69, the emperor Otho is reported to have settled communities of Mauri from North Africa in the province of Hispania Baetica (modern Andalusia, Spain).[7] Given the attestation of several auxiliary regiments with the names of these tribes in the 1st and 2nd centuries, it is likely that their admission to the empire was conditional on some kind of military obligations (Tacitus states that the Ubii were given the task of guarding the West bank of the Rhine) i.e. that they were laeti in all but name.[6]
The name Laeti may have become more widely used after Quintus Aemilius Laetus managed the support of the Danubian Legions for Septimius Severus and eventually took 15 thousand Danubians to the Praetorian Guards in Rome. The Severan dynasty lasted for 42 years, during which Danubians served as Praetorian Guards.
OrganisationEdit
The precise constitutions which regulated laeti settlements are obscure.[4] It is possible that their constitutions were standard, or alternatively that the terms varied with each individual settlement.[8] There is also doubt about whether the terms governing laeti were distinct from those applying to gentiles ("natives") or dediticii ("surrendered barbarians") or tributarii (peoples obliged to pay tribute).[8] It is possible that these names were used interchangeably, or at least overlapped considerably. On the other hand, they may refer to juridically distinct types of community, with distinct sets of obligations and privileges for each type. Most likely, the terms laeti and gentiles were interchangeable, as they are listed in the same section of the Notitia, and both referred to voluntary settlements.[4] In addition, the Notitia often places the two terms together e.g. the praefectus laetorum gentilium Svevorum at Bayeux and the praefectus laetorum gentilium at Reims.[9]
Reproductively self-sufficient groups of laeti (i.e. including women and children) would be granted land (terrae laeticae) to settle in the empire by the imperial government.[4] They appear to have formed distinct military cantons, which probably were outside the normal provincial administration, since the settlements were under the control of a Roman praefectus laetorum (or praefectus gentilium), who were probably military officers, as they reported to the magister peditum praesentalis (commander of the imperial escort army) in Italy.[10] This officer was, in the late 4th/early 5th centuries, the effective supreme commander of the Western Roman army.
In return for their privileges of admission to the empire and land grants, the laeti settlers were under an obligation to supply recruits to the Roman army, presumably in greater proportions than ordinary communities were liable to under the regular conscription of the late empire. The treaty granting a laeti community land might specify a once-and-for-all contribution of recruits.[4] Or a fixed number of recruits required each year.[11] A possible parallel is the treaty with Rome of the Batavi tribe of Germania Inferior in the 1st century. It has been calculated that in the Julio-Claudian era, as many as half all Batavi males reaching military age were enlisted in the Roman auxilia.[12]
There is considerable dispute about whether recruits from laeti settlements formed their own distinct military units or were simply part of the general pool of army recruits.[13] The traditional view of scholars is that the praefecti laetorum or gentilium mentioned in the Notitia were each in command of a regiment composed of the laeti ascribed to them. Some regiments of laeti certainly existed. The praesentales armies in both East and West contained scholae (elite cavalry units) of gentiles.[14] There is also a mention of a regular regiment called Laeti in the clash between emperors Constantius II and Julian in 361; and a regiment called Felices Laetorum in 6th century Italy.[15] The units ala I Sarmatarum and numerus Hnaufridi attested in 3rd century Britain may have been formed of laeti.[16]
But Elton and Goldsworthy argue that laeti were normally drafted into existing military units, and only rarely formed their own.[15][17] The main support for this view is a decree of 400 AD in the Codex Theodosianus which authorises a magister militum praesentalis to enlist Alamanni and Sarmatian laeti, together with other groups such as the sons of veterans. This probably implies that laeti were seen as part of the general pool of recruits.[15] In this case, the praefecti laetorum/gentilium may have been purely administrative roles, especially charged with ensuring the full military levy from their cantons each year.
Notitia DignitatumEdit
Much of our information on laeti is contained in the Notitia Dignitatum, a document drawn up at the turn of the 4th/5th centuries. The document is a list of official posts in the Roman Empire, both civil and military. It must be treated with caution, as many sections are missing or contain gaps, so the Notitia does not account for all posts and commands in existence at the time of compilation. Furthermore, the lists for the two halves of the Empire are separated by as much as 30 years, corresponding to ca. 395 for the Eastern section and ca. 425 for the West.[18] Therefore, not all posts mentioned were in existence at the same time, and not all posts that were in existence are shown.
The surviving Notitia only mentions laeti settlements in Italy and Gaul - and even the two lists of laeti prefects extant[10] are incomplete. But the Notitia suggests that laeti settlements may have existed in the Danubian provinces also.[19] Furthermore, the lists probably contain errors. The list of praefecti laetorum in Gaul contains prefects for the Lingones, Nervii and Batavi: but these tribes had been inside the empire since its inception under Augustus. Thus, their classification as laeti is problematical. Most likely the text is corrupt. However, it has been suggested that these names may relate to Roman people displaced from their home areas.[4]
List of known laeti settlementsEdit
Title XLII of the Western part contains two lists of laeti prefects, one for the praefecti laetorum in Gaul, and one for the praefecti gentilium Sarmatarum (prefects of Sarmatian gentiles i.e. "natives") in Italy and Gaul, all under the command of the magister peditum praesentalis- the commander of the imperial escort army in Italy (despite his title, which means "master of infantry", this officer commanded cavalry as well as infantry units).[20]
praefecti laetorum in GaulEdit
Batavi and Suevi at Baiocas (Bayeux, Normandy) and Constantia (Coutances, Normandy)
Suevi at Ceromannos (Le Mans, Maine) and at another, unknown location
Franks at Redonas (Rennes, Brittany)
Teutoniciani (Teutones?) at Carnunta (Chartres, Maine)
Suevi in Arumbernos (Auvergne)
Lingones dispersed over Belgica I province
Acti at Epuso, Belgica I
Nervii at Fanomantis (Famars, Picardy)
Batavi Nemetacenses at Atrabatis (Arras, Picardy)
Batavi Contraginnenses at Noviomagus (Nijmegen, Netherlands)
unspecified gentiles at Remo (Reims, Champagne) and at Silvamectum (Senlis)
Lagenses near Tungri (Tongres, Belgium)
[substantial section missing]
praefecti gentilium Sarmatarum in ItalyEdit
Apulia et Calabria (the region still known in English as Apulia, the "heel" of the Italian "boot", and part of Calabria)
Bruttii et Lucania (the regions today known as Calabria, Basilicata and Cilento, southern Italy)
Forum Fulviense
Opittergum (Oderzo, Friuli, NE Italy)
Patavium (Padua, Italian Padova, Veneto, NE Italy)
(placename missing)
Cremona (Cremona, Lombardy, northern Italy)
Taurini (Turin, Italian Torino, Piedmont, NW Italy)
Aquae sive Tertona (Tortona, Piedmont, NW Italy)
Novaria (Novara, Piedmont, NW Italy)
Vercellae (Vercelli, Piedmont, NW Italy)
Regio Samnites (Sannio, Campania, southern Italy)
Bononia in Aemilia (Bologna, Emilia-Romagna, N central Italy)
Quadratae et Eporizium (Gorizia?, Friuli, NE Italy)
(in Liguria) Pollentia (Pollenzo, Piedmont, NW Italy)
praefecti gentilium Sarmatarum in GaulEdit
Pictavi (Poitiers west central France): N.B. Taifali also mentioned here
a Chora Parisios usque (Paris region)
inter Remos et Ambianos Belgica II (Champagne region)
per tractum Rodunensem et Alaunorum (Rennes area? NW France) : N.B. Alauni (Alans) were probably also present here
Lingones (Langres, NE France)
Au... (name unintelligible)
[entire folio - two pages - missing]
MarcomanniEdit
The Notitia also mentions a tribunus gentis Marcomannorum under the command of the dux Pannoniae et Norici and a tribunus gentis per Raetias deputatae (tribune of natives in the Raetian provinces).[19] These Marcomanni were probably laeti also and may be the descendants of tribespeople settled in the area in the 2nd century by Marcus Aurelius. Alternatively (or additionally), they may have been descended from Germans settled in Pannonia following Gallienus's treaty with King Attalus of the Marcomanni in AD 258/9.[21]
The Notitia thus contains 34 entries concerning laeti. But some entries relate to several settlements, not just one, e.g. the Sarmatian settlements in Apulia and Calabria. Furthermore, more than two pages of entries appear to be missing. The number of settlements may thus have been in the hundreds, in the western half of the empire alone.
ImpactEdit
The Notitia lists of laeti settlements, incomplete as they are, show their considerable proliferation over the fourth century. This, together with the large numbers of military units with barbarian names, gave rise to the "barbarisation" theory of the fall of the Roman empire. This view ultimately originates from Edward Gibbon's magnum opus, the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. According to this view, a critical factor in the disintegration of the western Roman empire in the 5th century was the Romans' ever-increasing reliance on barbarian recruits to man (and lead) their armies, while they themselves became soft and averse to military service. The barbarian recruits had no fundamental loyalty to Rome and repeatedly betrayed Rome's interests. This view does not distinguish between laeti, foederati and mercenaries.
This view has remained in history writing since the more than 200 years since Gibbon wrote his narrative. In recent times the views of Gibbon has been generally discounted. According to Goldsworthy, there is no evidence that barbarian officers or men were any less reliable than their Roman counterparts.[11] Instead, the evidence points to the conclusion that laeti were a crucial source of first-rate recruits to late Roman army. Recruitment of Barbarians was not something new and had been present since the days of the Roman Republic, Julius Caesar and Marc Antony recruited defeated Gallic and German horsemen which served in their campaigns. The practice was taken up by the first emperor Augustus with the establishment of the auxiliaries, incorporating the defeated Barbarians into the Roman army. The Laeti, like the auxiliaries, were set on a path of Romanization.
^ Goldsworthy (2000) 215
^ Walde & Hofmann (1965) Bd. 1. A - L. 4. Aufl.
^ Neue Pauly-Wissowa Laeti
^ a b c d e f Jones (1964) 620
^ Dio Cassius LXXI.11
^ a b Tacitus Germ. XXVIII
^ Tacitus Hist. I.78
^ a b Elton (1996) 130
^ Notitia Occidens XLII
^ a b Notitia Occ. XLII
^ a b Goldsworthy (2005) 208
^ Birley (2002) 43
^ Elton (1996) 130-2
^ Notitia Occ. IX & Oriens XI
^ a b c Elton (1996) 131
^ Roman Army in Britain Archived 2007-10-21 at the Wayback Machine, from roman-britain.org
^ Mattingly (2006) 238
^ a b Notitia Occ. XXXIV and XXXV
^ Alfoldi: Cambridge Ancient History, Vol XII 1939)
AncientEdit
Notitia Dignitatum (late 4th century)
ModernEdit
Birley, Anthony (2002), Band of Brothers: Garrison Life at Vindolanda
Elton, Hugh (1996), Roman Warfare 350-425
Goldsworthy, Adrian (2000), Roman Warfare
Goldsworthy Adrian, (2005), The Complete Roman Army
Jones, A. H. M. (1964), Later Roman Empire
Mattingly, David (2006), An imperial possession: Britain in the Roman empire
Neue Pauly-Wissowa
Walde, A. and Hofmann, J.B. (1965), Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch.
Late Roman army
Saxon shore
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Laeti&oldid=902737608"
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