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The dataset generation failed
Error code: DatasetGenerationError
Exception: ArrowInvalid
Message: JSON parse error: Missing a closing quotation mark in string. in row 66
Traceback: Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 153, in _generate_tables
df = pd.read_json(f, dtype_backend="pyarrow")
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 815, in read_json
return json_reader.read()
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 1025, in read
obj = self._get_object_parser(self.data)
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 1051, in _get_object_parser
obj = FrameParser(json, **kwargs).parse()
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 1187, in parse
self._parse()
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 1403, in _parse
ujson_loads(json, precise_float=self.precise_float), dtype=None
ValueError: Trailing data
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1997, in _prepare_split_single
for _, table in generator:
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 156, in _generate_tables
raise e
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 130, in _generate_tables
pa_table = paj.read_json(
File "pyarrow/_json.pyx", line 308, in pyarrow._json.read_json
File "pyarrow/error.pxi", line 154, in pyarrow.lib.pyarrow_internal_check_status
File "pyarrow/error.pxi", line 91, in pyarrow.lib.check_status
pyarrow.lib.ArrowInvalid: JSON parse error: Missing a closing quotation mark in string. in row 66
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1529, in compute_config_parquet_and_info_response
parquet_operations = convert_to_parquet(builder)
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1154, in convert_to_parquet
builder.download_and_prepare(
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1029, in download_and_prepare
self._download_and_prepare(
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1124, in _download_and_prepare
self._prepare_split(split_generator, **prepare_split_kwargs)
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1884, in _prepare_split
for job_id, done, content in self._prepare_split_single(
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 2040, in _prepare_split_single
raise DatasetGenerationError("An error occurred while generating the dataset") from e
datasets.exceptions.DatasetGenerationError: An error occurred while generating the datasetNeed help to make the dataset viewer work? Make sure to review how to configure the dataset viewer, and open a discussion for direct support.
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float64 | text
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|---|---|---|---|---|
__label__wiki
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Biography admin 2018-07-31T08:29:19+00:00
Lieutenant Colonel Hussein Amir Amer
Lieutenant Colonel Hussein Amir Amer, was born in the village of Julis in the Western Galilee on June 29, 1965. Ben Ashtiak and Ali, brother Salman, Abtada, Fatma, Yosra, Nabil, as a man and Manal. He studied at the elementary school in Julis, and continued in junior high school and at the Achva High School in Yarka, where he graduated with honors in the humanitarian track and received a prize for his excellence from the school principal. Hussein was an intelligent boy who always stood out in his scholastic achievements. In addition to his studies, he was an enthusiastic activist in the Scouts movement and in the ninth grade became the director of the Druze sector in the Druze sector. Among his many activities was a youth counselor in the Gadna youth movement. He worked in the field of education at the community center and at the youth center and was the captain of the youth soccer team, which is later named after him.
When he enlisted in the IDF in November 1983, Husain volunteered to serve as a combat soldier in the Golani Brigade, where he began his service in the First Boker Battalion, and from there he returned to the officers’ course. And became commander of a company and deputy commander of the battalion, who successfully completed a command and control course, and received a certificate of appreciation from the school commander. Upon completion of his studies he returned to the Golani Brigade and served as the Operations Branch Officer.
In his last position, he was appointed commander of the Barak Battalion and was the first Druze battalion commander of an infantry battalion in a regular brigade. He devoted all his energy and time to the cultivation and design of the regiment. This is evidenced by the opinion of his commanders, in which Hussein won high esteem ratings, and was described as an outstanding officer, highly motivated, professional, serious, responsible and dedicated, who led the unit to worthy achievements. A caretaker commander who loves his soldiers and serves as their example. His commander noted his excellent entry into a complicated position as an operations officer, without preparation.
Hussein was engaged and was due to be married in May 1996. Lt. Col. Hussein (Amir) Amer, was killed in a battle in southern Lebanon on March 4, 1996, when he led his soldiers in pursuit of a terrorist squad. He was laid to rest in the military section of the cemetery in his village, leaving behind his parents and seven brothers and sisters.
See the memorial page for Chosin at the Yizkor site.
The image of Hussein
Hussein is a man of this land, the salt of the earth, a modest and pleasant man. The man was a loving and beloved person who respected every human being, regardless of his origin, color, gender, or age, and believed that man should live with the other side and with him and not with confrontation and hatred.
Hussein – the man of the field and the lover of the country – the man who walked and knew every inch of the feet, who loved nature and the environment.
Hussein, an educator who has always believed in the future and future generations, and despite his busy time, nurtured and contributed whether openly or secretly, and advised young people how to act and insisted that education is the strong foundation of the individual and society to succeed.
Hussein – the commander, the warrior and the brave – spent days and nights guarding his country, which he loved so much. He always cared for and contributed to the needs of his soldiers, from the junior to the most senior.
This is the image of the late Husain – a modest, shy and smiling man, a friend of everyone and the son of everyone who knew how to give a hand and a hand when necessary, and that he knew how to be a roaring lion and lead his warriors in all sectors.
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__label__wiki
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| 0.602127
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Advantage Portland
Just another Sephone Sites site
Daniel B. Soule
Yarmouth, ME – Daniel B. Soule, 66, of Yarmouth died on April 26, 2017 at the Gosnell Memorial Hospice House in Scarborough.
He was born in Portland, ME on December 8, 1960 a son of the late Merton Lovell & Elizabeth Josephine (Blake) Soule. He attended local area schools and went on to the University of Maine Farmington with a Bachelor’s in Education, Minoring in History.
Daniel spent twenty-five years as the 7th Grade Social Studies teacher at Freeport Middle School, also coaching Soccer, Basketball and Softball. He also spent thirty-two years at Maine Medical Center, working in the Emergency Room.
He was a member of the Maine Educators Association, and greatly enjoyed golfing, fishing and his vacation trips with his family to Cape Cod.
He is survived by his four children Daniel and his wife Jessica Means, Jessica, Katie, Amy and Becca and his grandson Bryson. He also leaves his siblings Merton, Susan, Charles and John as well as several nieces and nephews. He was also predeceased by his sisters Betsy and Diane.
Relatives and friends are invited to attend an informal celebration of his life on Sunday, April 30, 2017 from 1 – 4 p.m. at the Soule residence, 149 East Main Street, Yarmouth, ME.
In lieu of flowers, donations in his memory can be made to The Root Cellar, The Cancer Center in Scarborough or Becca Soule’s Go Fund Me Page for a medical mission to the Dominican Republic.
Rose Ann (Russo) Goodell
Portland, ME — Rose Ann Goodell, 81, of Portland passed away peacefully surrounded by her three children at Mercy Hospital on Saturday, April 22, 2017 after years of declining health.
She was born in Portland, ME on November 27, 1935 a daughter of the late Nicholas & Antoinette (Candelmo) Russo. In your younger days Rose was a vibrant, charismatic woman who was passionate about traveling and fortunate enough to visit Paris, Greece, Egypt and many states out west.
She volunteered with refugees from Afghanistan in the 1980’s helping them settle into new homes in Portland. She even opened an Afghan import store on Congress St. called Aziz Imports that she ran for a couple of years. She made the ideal shopkeeper as she was congenial, charming and loved to meet new people and learn about new cultures. Her most recent work history was a call center position at LL Bean which she enjoyed greatly.
She loved to cook and made many delicious meals for her family. She was a voracious reader and left a tower of books in every room she occupied. She was especially fond of mysteries. One of her favorite things in life was swimming in her backyard pool. She loved animals and missed her cat AJ after she moved into nursing care at Pine Point Center in January 2016.
She was a devoted daughter to her now deceased parents Nicholas and Antoinette Russo formerly of Chamberlain Ave in Portland. She was a loving sister to her siblings Leonard Russo, Camilla Raposa, Josephine Malconian and Grace Cintron. She will also be greatly missed by her devoted aunt and best friend Mary Ida Russo.
She is survived by her devoted husband of 58 years Lorne Richard Goodell of the Maine Veteran’s Home in Scarborough, ME, her daughter Lorna Rose Goodell and her husband James A. Lucas of Westbrook, ME, her son Kevin R. Goodell of Portland, ME and her son Morbideus Goodell and his wife Deanna Goodell of Wells, ME. She had four grandchildren Eryk Silver of Vinalhaven, ME, Raven Goodell of Wells, ME, Aidan L. Lucas and Griffin J. Lucas of Westbrook, ME.
Rose’s ashes will be placed to rest in the Goodell family plot in Evergreen Cemetery in Portland, ME in a private family ceremony.
In lieu of flowers please donate to The Animal Refuge League in Westbrook, ME
West Bath, ME – Brian Fitzgerald, longtime resident of West Bath, passed away peacefully at Maine Medical Center, with his son by his side on April 11, 2017.
Brian was born at Bath Memorial Hospital on August 26, 1950 to Eunice and Wilson Fitzgerald and raised in West Bath. Brian spent his early life outside of Maine, joining the Navy where he spent two years as a radio mechanic on helicopters. During his time in the Navy, he was awarded the National Defense Service Medal for serving during the Vietnam War and the Navy Unit Commendation Ribbon.
After leaving the Navy, Brian spent time traveling abroad and settling down in Arizona for a while before returning to Maine. After returning to Maine, Brian worked at Bath Iron Works in the Engineering department, in charge of manufacturing aspects. After BIW, Brian began working in carpentry, which had been in a way, a family trade.
An avid outdoorsman, Brian hunted and fished across Maine, collecting stories of big fish and good times with close friends throughout the years. What he can be most remembered for was his willingness to lend a hand to anyone in need, a quality that lasted until the end.
Brian will be greatly missed by his son, Codi, brothers Keith and Kevin as well as Keith’s wife Doreen, and nieces and nephews, and many friends that he knew throughout his life.
A memorial service will be held at TnT Bible Church, 213 Foreside Road Topsham, ME on Sunday, April 30, 2017 at 3 pm, with a celebration of life held at Mae’s Café, 160 Center Street Bath, ME the following Friday, May 5, 2017 from 3-5 pm.
Donald P Cormier
Biddeford, ME – Donald P. Cormier, 70, of Biddeford, ME died on Tuesday, April 18, 2017 at his home. He was the partner of Bonnie Jensen.
He was born in Portland, ME on February 3, 1947 a son of the late Donat C. & Rose V. (Da’Lonzo) Cormier. He attended local area schools, including Portland High School, where he excelled at basketball.
In 1965 he enlisted in the US Navy and served his country with honor.
Don worked for over thirty years at JJ Nissen Baking Company in Portland and retired just prior to the company moving to Biddeford.
He was an active member of the Fraternal Order of the Eagles in Biddeford and a member of Amvets, Post #1, Biddeford. He enjoyed playing basketball and golf.
Besides Bonnie, he is survived by two sons Sean Cormier and his wife Dawn and Steven Cormier both of New Gloucester, three grandchildren Ashley, Michael and Hope and one great granddaughter Eva. He is also survived by two step sons Darren Jensen and his wife Stephanie of Freeport and Timothy Jensen and his wife Jessica of Durham and his step grandchildren Myah, Jacob, Griffin and Skye and his three brothers Henry Cormier and his companion Denise Mercier of Acton, ME, Thomas Cormier and his wife Freta of Windham and Joseph Cormier and his wife Leatrice of Saco as well as several nieces and nephews. He was also the brother of the late Robert Cormier.
Relatives and friends are invited to attend a memorial visitation on Saturday, April 22, 2017 from 2 – 4 p.m. at the Wilde Memorial Chapel in Evergreen Cemetery, 672 Stevens Ave. Portland, ME.
Please visit www.advantageportland.com to sign Don’s guestbook and leave memories and condolences for the family.
In lieu of flowers, donation can be made in Don’s memory to:
Maine Cancer Foundation
www.mainecancer.org
Angelo A. “Tony” Lacognata
Scarborough, ME – Angelo “Tony” Lacognata, 89, passed away on Monday, April 17, 2017, Patriot’s Day, at his home surrounded by his family, just one month shy of his 90th birthday.
He was born May 25 1927 in Buffalo, New York, the son of the late Angelo and Josephine (Capitano) Lacognata, both of whom immigrated from Sicily
Upon graduating from high school, he joined the Navy in 1944, and was stationed in Okinawa. Shortly after being honorably discharged from the Navy, he opted to re-enlist in the Marines, and was stationed in the Philippines. After another honorable discharge from the Marines, he again opted to re-enlist, this time in the Army, and was stationed in Frankfurt, Germany with the Military Police, guarding the Allied High Command Headquarters.
Upon leaving the military, he enrolled at the University of Buffalo, from which he graduated in 1957 with a degree in Sociology. He earned his Master’s Degree from the University of Rochester, followed by his Doctorate degree from Michigan State.
He was a college professor, first at University of Maine Orono for 1 year, in 1964, then at Gorham State College, UMPG, and USM, until his retirement in 1989.
He is survived by a son, Stu Lacognata, of Scarborough, ME, and his partner Jane David of London, England, a daughter, Suzanne Cohen, and her husband Lawrence Cohen, Esq. of Newton, MA, a niece, Joyce Berry of Irvine CA, five grandchildren, Alex and Elizabeth Lacognata, Ashley Allen, Summer and Lily Pillsbury, one great grandchild, Wyatt Allen, and his ex-wife and one of his closest friends Esther Lacognata. He was also the brother of the late Mildred Wilcox, Sally McCrae and Carl Lacognata
Relatives and friends are invited to attend a memorial visitation from 4 – 6 p.m. on Monday, April 24, 2017 at the Wilde Memorial Chapel at Evergreen Cemetery, 672 Stevens Ave., Portland.
Kenneth M. “Kenny” Evans
Biddeford, ME – Kenneth Mark “Kenny” Evans, 56, of Biddeford, died on Sunday, April 16, 2017 at Mercy Hospital following a prolonged three-year battle with cancer.
He was born in Biddeford, ME on January 1, 1961, the youngest of seven children, to the late Franklin and Janette (Libby) Evans.
A class of 1979 graduate of Biddeford High School, Kenny was self-employed as an independent contractor and carpenter for thirty-five years throughout Southern Maine. An active member of the Sons of the Amvets Post #1, Kenny enjoyed spending evenings at the club with his friends, playing darts, horse shoes and cribbage. Kenny had a passion for the outdoors, including hunting, fishing and growing vegetables in his garden; growing more than he needed so he could share with everyone, especially his pickles. He also shared his time, skills and knowledge as a carpenter with friends and family and was also an avid reader of science fiction and adventure stories.
Kenny is survived by his longtime partner Debbie Underwood of Biddeford; his children Christopher Evans of Windham, Cory Underwood of Biddeford and Lee-Ann Craig and her husband Aaron and their son James of Sagamihara, Japan. He also leaves his four sisters Judy, Dumont and her husband Larry of Biddeford, Beverly Berry and her husband John of Waterboro, Dale Huot and her husband Ron of Arundel and Susan Simkuowitz and her husband Dave of Saco as well as his brother Jim Evans and his wife Nancy of Hudson, FL. He was also the brother of the late Stanley Evans and his wife Sue Evans.
Relatives and friends are invited to attend a celebration of life on Saturday, April 22, 2017 from 4:00 – closing at the Amvets Post #1, 147 Alfred Street, Biddeford.
In lieu of flowers, donations can be made to Kennebunk Animal Shelter and will be consolidated at the celebration of life.
Cynthia M. (Eaton) Smith
South Portland, ME – Cynthia M. (Eaton) Smith, 57, of South Portland, ME die on Wednesday, April 12, 2017 ta Maine Medical Center after a long Struggle with diabetes. She was the wife of Kenneth D. Smith.
She was born in Portland, ME on March 23, 1960 a daughter of the late Sidney L. Eaton, who died in 1987 and Rose M. Eaton of South Portland. She grew up in South Portland attending local area schools, and graduated from South Portland High School class of 1978.
She was a communicant of Holy Cross Church in South Portland. Cindy enjoyed camping and watching football; she also enjoyed shopping especially at yard sales. She greatly enjoyed family and friends including her Friday night garage crew and watching her grandchildren’s sporting events.
Besides her husband and mother she is survived by two children Luke Smith and his wife Norma of South Portland and Casey Brame and her fiancé Chris of South Portland. She also leaves four grandchildren Cody, Connor, Owen and Tristan as well as her brother Robert Eaton and his wife Leanne of Steep Falls and a sister Vickie Collar and her husband Ken of Florida and her mother-in-law Connie Smith of Auburn, her brother-in-law Kevin Smith of South Portland, sister-in-law Kim Dominicus of South Portland, several nieces and nephews and her cat Harlee.
Relatives and friends are invited to attend celebration of her life on Saturday, April 22, 2017 at 2 p.m. at the Smith residence, 21 Haven Road, South Portland.
In lieu of flowers, donations can be made to:
45 Forest Ave.
Virginia A. (Goodrich) Campbell
Lewiston, ME – Virginia A. (Goodrich) Campbell, 72, of Lewiston, died on Saturday, April 1, 2017 at Maine Medical Center, Portland after suffering a stroke.
She was born on August 6, 1944 in Fairfield, ME a daughter of the late Iran “Ira” Armour and Annie (Quimby)Armour. Virginia was married seventeen years and was a stay at home during that time; after her divorce, she married two more times to both James “007” Bond(deceased) and Ivan Campbell of Lewiston.
Virginia was an extremely social woman who enjoyed knitting blankets and scarves for the neighborhood children, going shopping at Wal-Mart, taking long rides in the country and caring for her dog Chavo. However, spending time with her family was her greatest joy. She was a loving, caring and free spirited person, who touched many people throughout her lifetime.
She is survived by her children Darlene Alvarado of Lisbon, Patricia “Patty” Goodrich of Lewiston, Muriel “Meredith” Walton of Concord, NH, Elroy “Evan” “EJ” Pulkkinen of Lewiston and Ellen Armour of Lewiston and Elisha Armour of Lewiston. She also leaves her grandchildren Nicole Alvarado of Topsham, Serena Castonguay of Lewiston, Ezekiel and Isabella Graham of Lewiston as well as her great grandchildren Ethyn and Carter Alvarado of Topsham. Her sister Carol M Armour of Clinton, Me. She was also the Mother of the late Virginia Goodrich, Sherry “Cheris” Zenowitz and Leroy “Sonny” Goodrich Jr. as well as the sister of the late Donald, Eugene and Sidney Armour and Christine L. Marin.
The family wishes to extend their sincerest gratitude to the Maine Medical Center for all their support and care Virginia received until the very end. Thank you to all the doctors, nurses and staff.
Wayne N.Collins
Yarmouth, ME – Wayne N. Collins, 77, of Yarmouth passed away at his home on Thursday, April 6, 2017 with his wife and son by his side after a long and courageous battle with cancer. He was the husband of Sheila (Ricker) Collins.
He was born in Portland, ME on April 18, 1939 a son of the late Newton T. & Marion E. (Mansfield) Collins. Wayne was a painter all his life, starting at age 14 painting houses with his father. At age 17 he and his two brothers all joined the US Army under the buddy system and all went to boot camp together. Once they finished boot camp the three of them shipped off to Korea and stationed along the DMZ. They were in the same company although different battalions.
Upon his discharge from the Army, Wayne went right back to painting, owning his own business for a short time. He moved to Florida around 1971 for a short stint where he worked as a yacht painter for Spencer Boat Company in Florida and a few times was even flown out to the Bahamas to paint a yacht or sailboat for someone.
In 1975 he came back to Maine and married his high school sweetheart, Sheila Ricker; they celebrated their 40th wedding anniversary in December 2016. He went to work for Bath Iron Works, retiring in 2000; however retirement bored him and he took a part time job as the Portland Country Club, a job that lasted 14 years.
Wayne enjoyed traveling with Sheila and his favorite destination was Myrtle Beach, SC. The two of them spent time there each winter for 22 years and made many lifelong friends. He enjoyed playing cribbage and dominoes and he thoroughly enjoyed the game of golf, even scoring a hole in one at Toddy Brook Golf Course when they first opened.
Wayne was a kind and gentle man who enjoyed helping people, working around his home and spending time with family and friends.
Besides his wife Sheila, he is survived by his son Dwayne Collins and his wife Tina of Auburn, his daughter Nada Russell, his brother Russell Collins and his wife April of North Yarmouth, seven grandchildren and several great grandchildren. He also leaves a brother-in-law Gary Ricker and his wife Pat of Yarmouth, two sister-in-laws Shirley Lessard and her husband Paul of Topsham and Joyce Tanguay and her husband Don of South Portland as well as his mother-in-law Mary Burns of Yarmouth and many nieces and nephews. He was also the father of the late Teresa Campbell and Nelson Collins and a brother of the late Bill Collins, Esther Flanders and Barbara Collins.
Relatives and friends are invited to attend a memorial service on Monday, April 17, 2017 at 1 p.m. at First Parish Church, 116 Main Street Yarmouth.
Burial in Riverside Cemetery, Yarmouth will be private.
In lieu of flowers, donations in Wayne’s memory can be made to:
Barbara Bush Children’s Hospital, Hospice of Southern Maine or American Cancer Society of Maine
Carol Ann Libby
Gorham, ME – Carol Ann Libby, 71, of Gorham ME, died on Monday, March 27, 2017.
She was born on August 6, 1945 in Portland, ME and was the youngest child and loving daughter of the late Clifton Willis and Margaret (Cummings) Libby. She grew up in Portland, attending local area schools and graduated from Bridgton High School, because of moving after her junior year at Deering High School.
She had a long rewarding career at Maine Medical Center in the accounting and medical records departments. She was described as a quiet, friendly, effective, and focused employee.
Carol was a lover of water and enjoyed swimming and boating whenever she could. She lived on Little Sebago Lake for several years and spent much time on Long Lake helping at the Long Lake Campsites with her family in North Bridgton, ME. She also took pleasure in being an aunt, entertaining, traveling, reading, and spending time with her friends and relatives.
Carol is survived by her sister Jacqueline (Libby) Dexter of St. Paul, MN, her nieces Jeri Ann Peddle, Linda Richard, Diane Small and Deborah Dexter, and her nephew David Dexter. She also leaves her grandnieces Christine Peddle, and Amelia Lonnes-Spatola, her grandnephews Stephen and Joshua Prescott, Nicholas Peddle, Andrew Lonnes and Thomas, Matthew, and Samuel Dexter as well as four great grand nephews and one great grandniece. She was also the sister of the late Cathleen (Libby) Small, who passed away on February 3, 2017
A graveside service and gathering will be held in early June in Harrison, ME with dates to be announced.
In lieu of flowers donations in Carol Ann’s memory can be made to:
Animal Refuge League of Greater Portland
217 Landing Road
Westbrook, ME 04092
Robert H. Morrissey
Arthur P. Galonis
Roy J. Caire
Susan A. (Brown) Murphy
Anna C. “Dolly” D’Agostino
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__label__wiki
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| 0.522191
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New threat to ozone recovery
A new MIT study, appearing in Nature Geoscience, identifies another threat to the ozone layer’s recovery: chloroform — a colorless, sweet-smelling compound that is primarily used in the manufacturing of products such as Teflon and various refrigerants. The researchers found that between 2010 and 2015, emissions and concentrations of chloroform in the global atmosphere have increased significantly.
They were able to trace the source of these emissions to East Asia, where it appears that production of products from chloroform is on the rise. If chloroform emissions continue to increase, the researchers predict that the recovery of the ozone layer could be delayed by four to eight years.
“[Ozone recovery] is not as fast as people were hoping, and we show that chloroform is going to slow it down further,” says co-author Ronald Prinn, the TEPCO Professor of Atmospheric Science at MIT. “We’re getting these little side stories now that say, just a minute, species are rising that shouldn’t be rising. And certainly a conclusion here is that this needs to be looked at.”
Xuekun Fang, a senior postdoc in Prinn’s group, is the lead author of the paper, which includes researchers from the United States, South Korea, Japan, England, and Australia.
Source: MIT News
AGAGE Jobs: New opening for two Postdoctoral Associates (Dec 2019)
Description: Center for Global Change Science (CGCS) seeks two postdoctoral associates to join an international team of experimentalists and theoreticians in the Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment (AGAGE) and a large atmospheric chemistry group at MIT. The work will focus on interpretation of AGAGE observations of greenhouse and ozone-depleting gases using m
Why there’s more greenhouse gas in the atmosphere than you may have realised
AGAGE scientists Blagoj Mitrevski, Nada Derek and Paul Krummel co-authored an article in The Conversation about the steep rise of carbon dioxide to record levels at the Mauna Loa observatory in Hawaii.
NASA-Supported Monitoring Network Assesses Ozone Layer Threats
New AGAGE research locates the source region for about half of the new emissions of CFC-11, a banned, potent ozone-depleting chemical: eastern China.
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Third Archigram magazine: ‘Expendability: Towards Throwaway Architecture’. Seven equally-sized pages of yellow paper, stapled. Professionally printed. Price one shilling. Video available in Magazines section.
Warren Chalk, Peter Cook, Dennis Crompton, David Greene, Ron Herron, Peter Taylor, Michael Webb
Dark green ink appearance (may have been blue or black ink). Magazine of Ideas Architecture. Published at 59 Aberdare Gardens, London NW6
So, there we go. Archigram 3. Again, it was assembled and stapled, and looking at the staples, I think it’s hand done. You see they have that sort of staple that have a bow in them, that show they’ve been done with a punch.
This was the first issue that had a theme to it. Previous issues had just been things that were interesting topics that Peter wanted and David and Mike wanted to discuss. The third issue was about expendability, so it goes through, and it’s all offset litho, printed in a sort-of dark green ink on to yellow duplicate paper.
The quality of the printing is never great in any of the issues of Archigram. Even with the issue in front of you, it’s often quite difficult to read because of the quality of the printing.
Why was the green ink chosen?
I’ve no idea; it was probably cheaper than the black. It may not have been green ink. I mean, to be technical, it could have been a dark blue ink, which with the yellow of the paper would have gone green.
It could have been black actually, and just faded.
It could have been black, that’s right. Bit thin. I don’t know.
And did you have money for this one?
No. Well, by this time there was income from the second issue. By this time, we had a mailing list, but it was on an honesty basis. We had, I don’t know, three or four hundred people who were on the mailing list and the deal was: we sent them a copy of the magazine and they sent us the money back; if the money didn’t come back, they got taken off the mailing list and didn’t get the next issue. It was quite a simple thing. And anybody that wanted an issue could get their name added to the mailing list.
And was it already international by this stage? At what stage did people start taking it abroad?
Well, that was really Archigram 4. I can’t recall, but by Archigram 4 there is a list of booksellers where you can get it, which includes one in Paris and, I think, one in Tokyo.
And how much were you charging?
Oh, this was a shilling. This was a copy without a price on it, so it was a shilling.
And the pages now are just collage pages, whereas the typesetting that was done was unique to the second issue. So this, basically, is done on a typewriter; all the text is done either on a typewriter or stencilled lettering; Letraset appears sometimes. And illustrations cut out of wherever illustrations could be cut out of.
It was a survey of expendable buildings, some ideas that were going on, from things like Bucky [Buckminster] Fuller’s bathroom, through to pre-fabricated garden sheds. So it wasn’t high architecture, it was whatever was around. And that interest in the shed persisted for about fifty years.
Sometimes very practically!
Yes, yes; it actually appeared in exhibitions and so on. Yeah, I mean, it has been a pre-occupation – the sort-of temporary-building-thing – right the way through. Peter was showing his project to his students the other day of a bridge that they [CRAB] are currently working on a proposal for. It has got a kiosk on it and the kiosk moves up and down across the bridge, and during the day it’s for ice-cream and, you know, soft drinks and at night it opens up and it’s a drinks bar and so on, but it can move around from one side of the bridge to the other. As I say, they’re very persistent, the preoccupations.
The first four, five, six, yes six issues, the pages were in a determined order. Then it goes a bit sort-of loose for the next two or three.
I see things here I’d forgotten about, from many years ago. But somewhere, like this here, whether we know where to find it, we have the brochures or the publications that these things [collages] were taken from. And then, of course, there are things like the Nottingham City Centre Project of David and Peter’s, that’s in here.
But, it’s interesting, the people involved. You know, when you read the names of who were then students or young graduates. I looked at this [magazine] the other night and there’s a group of students from Milan that includes a guy called Piano and, I wonder, I don’t know, whether that is Renzo Piano, or if he had a brother, sister, or if it was somebody else that used to have the same name. It’s interesting when you see the names that crop up. Now, William Siddons' House in Finland; Yona Friedman is more easy.
But they are there, you see, like all the objects on that page. There’s an index for them, but the chances of anybody being able to read the number two and find the number two down here… particularly the way that Peter’s done it – the two’s at the end of the line and the caption’s on the following line! You know, it would be nice if you rolled over that and it said ‘Dymaxion Car by Buckminster Fuller’. There’s quite a lot of Bucky stuff on there.
Then this is a diary from the Living City Exhibition. This appears elsewhere in the collection, the original drawings and so on. Then a bit of self-advertising -- opportunities at Building Design Partnership -- that’s ‘thank you’ to David Rock. There certainly isn’t, and I can’t remember if there was, another page behind that.
I notice on that one it’s creased along the top, is that because it’s been squeezed into a different type of envelope or something?
No I shouldn’t think so. No, this has never been circulated. That’s why I had to remember how much it was. So this is a copy, it could well be incomplete. I mean, they’ve sat in this folder for some years as well, so I’d have to check; I have one or two copies that I think are complete.
Project Authors: Warren Chalk, Peter Cook, Dennis Crompton, David Greene, Ron Herron, Peter Taylor, Michael Webb
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Blood and Porridge
Ian Smith's blog on Wordpress
About Ian Smith
10 more scary paintings for Halloween
It’s Halloween and, as I did a year ago, I thought I’d showcase ten more paintings and illustrations that I feel capture some of the spookiness of the season.
First up is Sangre Virgen, a blood-curdling offering from artist Ismael Alvarez, about whom I know nothing other than that he’s Spanish and commonly produces gay erotica. No doubt this explains why when I tried to track him down on Google I either stumbled across Spanish-language sites that I didn’t understand or was blocked by anti-pornography filters. However, artist John Coulthart has written about him on his website at http://www.johncoulthart.com/feuilleton/2012/08/11/the-art-of-ismael-alvarez/. It was on Coulthart’s site, in fact, that I discovered this image of a blonde, rabid-eyed and possibly baby-munching youth who resembles one of the kids in Village of the Damned – after about a century in hell, that is.
Next is a more mannerly item from Virgil Finlay, best remembered as an illustrator of horror, fantasy and science-fiction stories that appeared in American pulp-fiction magazines during the 1930s, 1940s and 1950s. Indeed, between 1937 and 1953, he supplied 19 colour covers for the greatest of the pulp magazines, Weird Tales. During the war years, Finlay also served in the US military and saw action in the Battle of Okinawa, where no doubt he witnessed things that were far more horrifying than anything he’d drawn pictures for back home in the States. I particularly like this Finlay illustration for a story entitled And not in Peace. Like the best of Finlay’s work it manages to be spooky and atmospheric, yet weirdly sensual as well. (And yes, I’ve noticed where the end of the guy’s stake is pointing.)
A week or two ago I was in the National Gallery of Scotland, in whose basement hangs The Spell, painted by the 19th-century Scottish artist Sir William Fettes Douglas. Douglas, who actually became director of the National Gallery in 1877, had a fascination for the occult and this is evident in The Spell’s depiction of a sorcerer in his laboratory attempting to summon a dead spirit from the skull that’d housed it when it was alive. As the blurb accompanying the painting explains: “The superstition was common in many countries that it was possible, by words of power and magic, to force the dead to reveal the secrets of the unseen world. The Rosicrucians and Illuminati of the Middle Ages being especially accused of violating the tombs for this unholy purpose.”
Magician’s laboratories, laden with potions, alchemic instruments, occult symbols and books of arcane knowledge, have been a popular subject for artists. Equally popular have been depictions of witches’ sabbats, those gatherings where women who’d given themselves to worship of the devil were supposed to indulge in all manner of depravity and debauchery, usually including the kissing of their master’s buttocks and worse. This painting, The Witches’ Kitchen, was produced by a member of the Francken dynasty who painted in Antwerp during the 16th and 17th centuries. (I think it may be the work of Frans Francken II, but I could be wrong.) I saw it hanging in the Hermitage Museum in Amsterdam a few years back. It doesn’t show a sabbat itself, but the departure lounge for one – a kitchen where some outwardly-respectable ladies are stripping down in preparation for their flight to the sabbat. You can see the witches taking off from the kitchen’s fireplace and shooting up its chimney. I know this manoeuvre appears in the Harry Potter books and movies too, but in those it isn’t usually accompanied by the flash of bare bottoms.
Francisco Goya was also fond of painting witches’ sabbats, for example, in The Great Goat and – that name again – The Spell. However, for this Halloween selection, I have chosen The Old Ones, sometimes known as Time and the Old Women, whose figures are so ravaged that the viewer isn’t sure if they are human beings suffering the extremes of decrepitude, or supernatural beings symbolising the horrors of it. I will leave it to the late Robert Hughes, author and art critic, to summarise the painting: “The old bat on the right, a chapfallen dame in a beautifully light-struck muslin robe of pale blue and yellow, fiddles with what appears to be a powder compact… Artifacts last; their owners decay. Her companion is a horror, a death’s head, her nose eaten away by the pox, her hands like claws, her lips and eyes raddled with caked incrustations of lipstick and kohl, her teeth discolored. Rising behind them, also peering at their reflected images, is the ultimate victor of this colloquy: Father Time, with his shag of gray hair and extended wings, grasping not a scythe but a broom with which he will sweep the crones away like the dust they are so nearly are.”
Next is a black-and-white illustration for an early 20th-century edition of Edgar Allan Poe’s Tales of Mystery and Imagination by the Irish artist Harry Clarke. (Much of Clarke’s work wasn’t in ink but in stained glass, including the stained-glass windows in the famous Bewley’s Café on Grafton Street in Dublin.) Over the years I’ve come across various pictures that Clarke did for Poe’s short stories, including The Black Cat, William Wilson and Descent into the Maelstrom. However, for sheer claustrophobic horror, this one for The Premature Burial – starkly showing the narrator’s deepest (literally deepest) fears – can’t be beaten.
I find something especially grotesque and sinister about horse-skeletons. Maybe it’s their long toothy skulls that, in their fleshless state, look more crocodile-like than equine. I’m a fan of the apocalyptic oil paintings of the Polish artist Zdzislaw Beksinski, who met a particularly tragic end in 2005 – after a traumatic few years during which he’d seen the death of his wife and the suicide of his son, he was murdered in a dispute over a small sum of money. This is perhaps the Beksinksi picture I find most disturbing, thanks no doubt to that spectral horse, whose bones are visible through gossamers of decayed hide and tissue and which has a wraith-like rider planted on its back. (I’ve hunted around on the Internet but haven’t been able to find a title for this one.)
Human skeletons, meanwhile, commonly appear in the work of the 16th / 17th-century Italian painter Jacopo Ligozzi. One example is the skeletal figure wielding a symbolic sword in this luridly yellow-hued painting from 1625, whose title says it all: Death Exterminating Mankind.
More skeletons now, courtesy of the 20th-century English artist Edward Burra – though its bony figures, white, blue and pink, dancing a jig and wearing some natty hats, are far removed from the apocalyptic characters of the previous two pictures. (The face on the glowing full moon, meanwhile, looks like something out of a Tim Burton animated movie.) I saw Burra’s Dancing Skeletons recently at the Witches and Wicked Bodies exhibition at the Scottish National Gallery of Contemporary Art and thought it evoked Mexico’s Day of the Dead, the skeleton-obsessed festival that kicks off south of the border just as American children are packing away their Halloween masks, costumes and pumpkins lanterns for another year. However, notes I’ve read about Dancing Skeletons online suggest that the well-travelled Burra drew his inspiration for this from the sight of hanged rebels in Belgian-controlled Africa.
Finally, I thought I’d leave the worst for the end. For a glimpse of pure evil, here’s Old Nick himself – peering primordially and malevolently out of the painting Lucifer by German artist Thomas Hafner.
This entry was posted in Art and tagged Edward Burra, Francisco Goya, Frans Francken II, Halloween, Harry Clarke, Ismael Alvarez, Jacopo Ligozzi, Sir William Fettes Douglas, Thomas Hafner, Virgil Finlay, Zdzislaw Beksinski by admin. Bookmark the permalink.
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One Professor's Twisted Definition of 'Scholarship'
JNS/The Algemeiner
http://bencohen.pundicity.com/14994/one-professor-twisted-definition-of-scholarship
Like many others in the Jewish community, I first became aware of the dire situation facing Jewish students at San Francisco State University (SFSU) back in May 2002, when John Podhoretz published an op-ed in the New York Post exposing the anti-Semitic activism plaguing the campus. Podhoretz quoted from an email written by Professor Laurie Zoloth, then the chair of the SFSU's Jewish Studies department, in which she confessed, "I cannot fully express what it feels like to have to walk across campus daily, past posters of cans of soup with labels on them of drops of blood and dead babies, labeled 'canned Palestinian children meat, slaughtered according to Jewish rites.'"
Twelve years on, not much appears to have changed at the university that revived the ancient and despicable "blood libel" against the Jewish people. This time, SFSU is engulfed by a scandal involving allegations that one of its professors "misused" $7,000 worth of taxpayer funds for a January research trip to the Middle East that included meetings with representatives of terrorists and Islamist organizations.
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Notably, one of the individuals with whom the professor, Rabab Abdulhadi, met was Sheikh Raed Salah, the leader of the Islamic Movement in Israel, who has himself voiced the blood libel. "You should ask," Salah told an audience in eastern Jerusalem in 2007, "what used to happen to some of the children of Europe, whose blood would be mixed in the dough of the holy bread." Salah in this quote references the matzah, or unleavened bread, eaten by Jews during the Passover holiday, which medieval Jew-haters claimed was prepared with the blood of Christian children.
In a letter sent on June 25 to California State Controller John Chiang, a coalition of Israel-advocacy groups led by the AMCHA Initiative charged, "Abdulhadi indicated that the primary purpose of her trip was academic: to deliver a paper at a scholarly conference in Beirut. However, Abdulhadi never attended the Beirut conference. Instead, as she herself acknowledged… the trip was a 'political solidarity tour' to Jordan, the West Bank and Israel, whose primary purpose was to promote 'resolute actions in support of the academic and cultural boycott of Israel.'" The groups urged Chiang to conduct, as part of a proposed investigation into "this potentially fraudulent use of taxpayer dollars," a state audit of SFSU.
What does Professor Abdulhadi have to say about the matter? When I emailed her to ask for her side of the story, she promptly sent me a "public statement" which she has distributed to friends and colleagues. In that document, Abdulhadi says her non-attendance at the Beirut conference was the result of delays "imposed" by SFSU, because she was traveling to countries deemed "high-risk" by the State Department.
She went ahead with the state-funded visit anyway. The justification? According to her public statement, "As Senior Scholar at the Arab and Muslim Ethnicities and Diasporas Initiative (AMED), it is part of my job duties to establish educational and research collaboration on Palestine and between Palestinians in the U.S. and elsewhere in the world. Research and discussion between actors in the U.S. and Palestine is fundamental to my scholarship. It is one of the reasons why SFSU hired me in the first place."
Abdulhadi insists that since her trip was conducted for the benefit of what she describes as "scholarly understanding," the "McCarthyist repression campaign" led by AMCHA should be unmasked as an assault on the right of scholars to conduct their research without interference.
Such phrasing is designed to win the support of fellow academics by invoking the eminently reasonable argument that underpins academic freedom—in their quest to explain the state of the world, social scientists have to interact with all the agents in a particular conflict, including professional haters and terrorists, so as to paint a rounded picture. That was why Abdulhadi met with Sheikh Salah as well as with Leila Khaled, a convicted hijacker and a member of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP), a terrorist group whose exploits resulted in the murder of several Israeli and American citizens.
What, though, does Abdulhadi, a professor at SFSU's College of Ethnic Studies, understand the word "scholarship" to mean? That question, I would contend, is what lies at the heart of this controversy.
By her own admission, Abdulhadi's methodology does not begin from dispassionate neutrality, whereby the perspectives of all parties to the conflict, including that of the Israeli mainstream, are taken into account. Instead, as she says in her public statement, "The purpose of such programming is to contextualize the study of Palestine as well as the study of Arab and Muslim communities within other social justice struggles and affirm our principle of the indivisibility of justice."
To my ears, that sounds much more like explicit political advocacy, not scholarship—and it gets worse. In the passage where she discusses her meeting with Leila Khaled, Abdulhadi doesn't even mention the latter's participation in the hijack of an El Al plane in 1970, which resulted in the shooting of a member of the flight crew. Instead, she lionizes Khaled as a "Palestinian feminist icon" whose insights are integral to "a counter narrative to the orientalist depictions of Palestinian, and other Arab and Muslim, women as weak and docile." Later on, we learn that another element of Abdulhadi's "scholarship" involves "our commitment to the Palestinian Academic and Cultural Boycott of Israel"—a quite astounding admission, given that she has spent the previous pages bemoaning AMCHA's "attack" on academic freedom in the U.S.!
After I received Abdulhadi's statement, I sent her a further email asking her, in the light of her department's mission "to connect with communities in Africa, Asia and Latin America as well as to validate the experiences and support the empowerment of marginalized and oppressed communities," whether she had forged "similar connections with scholars, academic institutions or activist networks" elsewhere in the region. For example, what about the historically repressed Kurdish areas of Iraq, Iran, Turkey, and Syria? This time, Abdulhadi chose not to reply—a silence that, to me, speaks volumes.
Still, the Abdulhadi affair should be regarded as a positive experience, for we now know beyond doubt that anti-Zionist propaganda is being dignified with the label of "scholarship." If Abdulhadi wants to engage in such work privately, then she should do so—after all, as she herself notes, we have a First Amendment in this country that protects initiatives like these. But for her to use public funds to accomplish these aims is chutzpah of the most breathtaking kind.
Let's hope Chiang, the California state controller, sees it that way too.
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Confronting the Politicization of the Holocaust
Season 3 of 'Trump': Reasons to be Nervous
Antisemitism and Insurgency Politics
Anti-Semitism, George Orwell, and the U.K.'s Labour Party
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Former Third Circuit Chief Judge calls on Senate to act on Supreme Court opening
John Gibbons, former Chief Judge of the Third Circuit, signed a letter released today calling on Senate leaders to act on President Obama’s forthcoming Supreme Court nominee. Former D.C. Circuit Chief Judge Patricia Wald also signed the letter, which was featured in a story by Zoe Tillman in today’s National Law Journal.
The letter argues that there is no election-year exception to the Senate’s duty to consider judicial nominations, and “[t]o recognize such an exception would set a dangerous precedent.”
Gibbons was nominated to the Third Circuit by President Nixon and served from 1970 through 1990, when he retired to head the Gibbons law firm, where he continues to practice today. His seat on the court was filled by Samuel Alito.
This entry was posted in Judges on March 14, 2016 by Matthew Stiegler.
← New opinion — a petitioner win in an immigration appeal [updated] Rebecca Ross Haywood nominated for Third Circuit opening →
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Who Could Play the Next James Bond?
The identity of the “Best Bond” is a hot point of contention among fans of the James Bond franchise, so it’s no wonder that who will be the next Bond is an even more severe point of contention. Each man to take up the role so far has brought it in a unique direction – from the hyper-masculine charm of Connery to the semi-comedic hijinks of Moore to the grounded quasi-realism of Craig – so it can be difficult to pinpoint exactly what qualities make James Bond who he is.
But that doesn’t mean that fans won’t try, and we can identify a few qualities that seem to resonate with fans throughout each successive iteration. They need to be young and virile enough to handle the increasingly vicious action sequences that have come to define the genre, but they also need to find the perfect balance between effortless cool and seamless brutality. And for most, the idea of a Bond that didn’t come from the U.K. is practical heresy. As of now, there seem to be a few top contenders for 007.
And any modern list of James Bond contenders has to begin with Idris Elba. While there has been some backlash to the notion of a black man playing Bond (including among former Bonds themselves), Elba has dominated the discussions of who could pick up the mantle for years. It seems a natural fit. Elba cuts an imposing figure while managing to evoke a sense of classical masculine coolness that few of his colleagues can match. The only point of contention could be his age. Producers are assuredly looking for a Bond willing to sign up for a multi-picture deal, and Elba is already 46.
Then there’s Tom Hardy. He’s an actor not afraid to take up challenging roles, as demonstrated by his decision to play the criminal Kray Brothers and notorious convict Charles Bronson. But he’s also flirted with big franchise headliners with the leads in both Mad Max and Venom. And there’s little doubt that he has the raw physicality to jump headfirst into even the most grueling stunts.
And then there’s Tom Hiddleston. While he may seem like something of an eccentric choice, the actor best known for playing Loki in the Marvel movies has tried his hand at action roles in Kong Island and in spy thrillers with the adaption of La Carre’s The Night Manager. While he may not seem to naturally have the physicality or raw magnetism of Hardy or Elba, that could potentially work in his favor. Producers looking for a change of pace following Daniel Craig’s acclaimed run at Bond could potentially see the value of a Bond that leans into the suavity and charm of the acclaimed spy.
The list of potential Bond actors could go on for pages, and chances are that any actor chosen will receive a fair share of praise and disgust. But that’s just part of the job, and whomever gets picked to play Britain’s most famous spy will surely leave their own imprint on the character’s legacy.
Carter BoehmFilmHollywoodJames Bond
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Canadian Digestive Diseases Week, CDDW™ 2020
In and Around Montreal
Canadian Association of Gastroenterology
general@cag-acg.org
The Canadian Association of Gastroenterology (CAG) was founded in 1962 with a mandate of:
Supporting and engaging in the study of the organs of the digestive tract in health and disease,
Promoting the advancement of the science and art of gastroenterology by providing leadership in patient care, research, teaching, and continuing professional development (CPD), and
Promoting and maintaining the highest ethical standards.
The CAG/Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)/Industry Research Program is an exceptional research opportunity in which the federal government matches 1:1 all money raised from industry partners in support of gastrointestinal research. Funding is available for all levels of training including for clinicians, gastroenterology residents, postdoctoral fellows, and graduate and summer students. The Program has been a successful and highly sought-after funding avenue for over fifteen years; in the first ten years 87 researchers were funded to a total of over $8.7 million, in support of the highest quality research in gastroenterology in Canada (Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology 2003;17(7):437-9). Many of these researchers have gone on to secure clinical and/or academic appointments within Canadian institutions and CIHR funding, as well as becoming the mentors for the next generation of scientists.
The CAG provides exceptional educational events such as Canadian Digestive Diseases Week™ (CDDW™), which members have rated on par with the popular American Gastroenterological Association Digestive Disease Week, the Gastroenterology Residents-in-Training (GRIT) Course, and the Scholars' Program for medical students and PGY1 and PGY2 internal medicine residents. The Association also provides a number of online continuing medical education opportunities. Since 2001, the CAG has been an approved provider of accredited gastroenterological education as conferred by the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada.
The CAG is very active in the development of Clinical Practice guideline, producing two to four guidelines each year. There is a concerted effort underway regarding quality aspects. This including the Skills Enhancement for Endoscopy™ program which aims to standardize endoscopy training and to provide an avenue for endoscopists to access upskilling. The Global Rating Scale is an online quality improvement tool available to endoscopy units.
The Canadian Association of Gastroenterology remains dedicated to research, professional education, and patient care in all areas of digestive health and disease, in support of the economic and social health of all Canadians.
You can view the program for Canadian Digestive Diseases Week, CDDW™ 2020 by downloading the "Grenadine Event Guide" on iTunes or Google Play. If the app asks you to enter an app code, enter the code below:
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VISITOR MEMBER GOLD MEMBER LIFE MEMBER Username : Password : LOGIN
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How can I obtain copies or summaries of past MSRC proposals?
Synopses of completed projects funded by the MSRC are available in the library section of this website. If you are interested in a copy of a successful proposal, or any materials generated by a MSRC-funded project, you must fill out a public information request form for copies of the requested materials. There is a fee for the reproduction of this material. Additional information regarding this process may be accessed on the Public Records Act Request page of SCAQMD's website.
What type of funding is available for alternative fuel vehicles and infrastructure?
The MSRC generally has programs to help pay for the higher cost of alternative fuel vehicles. In the past, the MSRC has provided co-funding to pay for the higher incremental cost of clean fuel transit buses, medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, as well as fueling infrastructure. Please contact the MSRC for more information on these programs, or go to the Proposal Process page for information on current opportunities.
Where can I get help in preparing my proposal?
The MSRC employs three contracts administration staff members, as well as a Technical Advisor to answer questions about the solicitations and provide general guidance on how to prepare your proposal. The MSRC staff cannot help you write your proposal, but will answer any questions about the solicitations that you may have.
Is the MSRC part of the SCAQMD?
While the MSRC is not part of the SCAQMD, it has a unique relationship with the air district. The SCAQMD is one of eight member agencies of the MSRC, and by statute (AB 2766), the SCAQMD Governing Board is required to review and approve the MSRC’s annual Work Program in its entirety. The MSRC staff are located at the SCAQMD headquarters in Diamond Bar, and the monthly MSRC and MSRC-TAC meetings are held at the SCAQMD. Since the MSRC is a multi-agency committee, the SCAQMD also acts on the MSRC’s behalf as its contracting and legal agent.
The TAC is a 20-member technical advisory committee authorized by AB 2766 to provide technical assistance to the MSRC. For example, the TAC assesses which projects are funded as part of the MSRC’s annual Work Program, helps MSRC staff with program oversight, and works with members of the public.
Who serves on the MSRC?
The membership of the eight-member MSRC was established through state legislation (AB 2766) and includes a representative from:
South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD)
Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG)
San Bernardino Associated Governments (SANBAG)
Orange County Transportation Authority (OCTA)
Riverside County Transportation Commission (RCTC)
California Air Resources Board (CARB)
a regional ridesharing agency nominated by the other MSRC members, the region is currently is represented by the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority (Metro)
What is the relationship of the MSRC to the Carl Moyer Program? Can I submit the same project for both?
These are two separate programs. The MSRC funds a variety of projects to reduce emissions from many types of motor vehicles. The Carl Moyer Memorial Air Quality Standards Attainment Program (Carl Moyer Program) was initiated in 1998 to reduce emissions from heavy-duty, diesel-powered mobile sources (which may include non-vehicular mobile sources). The South Coast Air Quality Management District administers the Carl Moyer Program in the South Coast Air District. An applicant may submit the same project for funding under the Carl Moyer Program and the MSRC Work Program, but should be aware that the two programs may have different funding requirements. Generally, any given project can receive funding from only one of the programs. More information about the Carl Moyer Program can be found at www.aqmd.gov.
Once a contract is signed with the MSRC, how is funding allocated?
MSRC funds are allotted on a reimbursement basis only. You are reimbursed once you expend the funds and once the receipts for those expenses are submitted in the required MSRC format. In many cases, no reimbursement may occur until the project is substantially complete--for example, a new alternative fuel station must be fully operational prior to payment. This will all be spelled out in your contract with the MSRC. The MSRC also employs a 10% withhold on every invoice, which is only paid upon successful completion of your project.
What impact are the MSRC’s programs having on cleaning the air?
Since 1991, the MSRC has awarded more than $300 million. The MSRC’s projects have also been matched by billions of dollars in additional private and public co-funding. To date, the MSRC’s programs have reduced as much as 8,000 tons of pollution from our air and are a key component in the region’s quest to achieve federal and state clean air standards.
My project was selected for funding; can I start my project now?
Contractors generally should not begin work on their projects until the contract has been fully executed. If you do begin your project, you do so at your own risk.
If my proposal is awarded funding, how soon will I be able to receive the MSRC funds?
Once the SCAQMD Governing Board approves the MSRC’s Work Program, the minimum wait until a contract is executed is about two months, though this depends upon the complexity of the contract. MSRC staff will draft a contract and work with you to finalize any needed details. Some MSRC solicitations also include sample boilerplate contract language for your review prior to contract award. Contracts typically need to be signed and approved within six months of receipt of a draft contract from MSRC staff. If a contract is not signed and approved by both you and the SCAQMD on behalf of the MSRC, the contract is not executed and your project does not get funded.
Does the MSRC require a match or co-funding?
Most of the MSRC’s solicitations require the proposer to contribute their own funding to match the MSRC funds. This is typically referred to as a match requirement, or co-funding. For example, there may be a 40% minimum match requirement for a ridesharing project. If the total cost of the project is $100,000, the proposer must provide at least $40,000 in other funds, with a maximum MSRC funding request of $60,000. Each solicitation or RFP will identify the specific match requirements for that program.
Does the MSRC fund marketing programs or public awareness campaigns?
Historically, the MSRC has focused on funding projects with near-term emission reductions. However, investments have also been made in longer-term air pollution reduction projects or projects where the emissions reductions are not easily quantified. For example, the MSRC has recently provided funding for regional outreach campaigns to promote Rideshare Thursday and the 511 travel assistance program. The MSRC has also funded student education programs and planning projects.
Does the MSRC accept unsolicited proposals?
The MSRC does not accept or consider funding for unsolicited proposals, but may consider those ideas as it develops its Work Program categories for the next fiscal year during the annual Work Program review process (typically during the fall).
What are elements of a good proposal?
Each of the RFPs outlines the evaluation criteria and defines what is expected from a responsive, competitive proposal for that category. Key elements to good proposals include: significant, quantifiable air pollution reductions; cost-effective emission reductions (usually less than $20,000 per ton of pollution reduced), and significant, verified co-funding at the time the proposal is submitted. In addition, the MSRC is very strict about its formatting guidelines and requirements. If a proposal does not meet the formatting requirements, or is submitted late (usually after 5:00 p.m. on the deadline date), it will not be considered. Proposals submitted via FAX or email will not be considered; however, select MSRC solicitations require online proposal/application submissions.
How do proposals get approved for funding?
Typically, Requests for Proposals (RFPs) are released for each program category. Once proposals are received, they are evaluated by the TAC according to the criteria in the respective solicitation. The MSRC reviews the recommendations and approves funding for projects for the final Work Program. The final Work Program is sent to the SCAQMD Governing Board for final approval, as required by statute. Once approved, the MSRC staff begins the contracting process.
How can I be notified of upcoming funding opportunities?
You can add your name and address to our mailing list by clicking on the “Join the Mailing List” link at the bottom of the navigation bar. Once your are on our mailing list you will be notified by electronic mail of upcoming funding opportunities. You can also contact MSRC staff if you have further questions.
What types of projects are “motor vehicle” emissions reduction projects?
The definition of a motor vehicle includes passenger automobiles, trucks, buses, street sweepers, refuse haulers, tractors, earthmovers and motorcycles. The MSRC focuses on programs that reduce travel or emissions from these classes of vehicles. Projects not classified as motor vehicles are not funded by the MSRC and include projects with locomotives, aircraft, marine vessels and pleasure craft, cranes and lawnmowers.
Who is eligible to apply for funding?
Anyone proposing a project that meets the criteria outlined by the MSRC in the funding category is encouraged to apply. Local governments, government agencies, private-sector businesses and research institutions are among those who typically apply for funding. Those applying must be prepared to commit to implement the project and provide co-funding by entering into a contract with the SCAQMD (on the MSRC’s behalf).
What types of projects have been funded in the past?
The MSRC funds projects that result in direct and tangible reductions in air pollution from motor vehicles. The discretionary funds can also be used for related planning, monitoring, enforcement and technical studies. Historically, project categories have included:
Clean fuel vehicles and infrastructure programs such as alternative fuel stations, maintenance facilities and driver and mechanic training;
Trip reduction and commuter assistance campaigns such as ridesharing programs, telecommuting and videoconferencing, major event center transportation services, parking management, freeway service patrols and traffic signal synchronization;
On-board diagnostic systems that monitor vehicle emissions;
Research and development of new clean air technologies, such as development of alternative fuel vehicles and vehicle retrofit technologies. The MSRC was the first organization in the country to provide public funding to support the development of heavy duty hybrid electric vehicles; and
Educational projects such as programs designed to teach students and others about opportunities to reduce transportation-related air pollution.
Over the years, the MSRC has refined the funding process to focus on projects that reduce emissions in the most cost-effective manner.
What is the MSRC Work Program?
The category of projects the MSRC ultimately funds makes up the Work Program. These projects, by statute, consist of: transportation control measures, transportation demand management programs, clean fuel and clean vehicle programs, research and monitoring programs, projects that comply with the federal Clean Air Act and the California Clean Air Act, or projects that result in direct and tangible reductions in vehicular air pollution. Each year the MSRC reviews and evaluates past Work Programs. After a thorough review involving public input and discussion, the MSRC develops categories and funding targets for these select categories.
How much funding does the MSRC receive each year?
With more than 13 million vehicles registered within the South Coast Air District, the MSRC’s portion of funds from the annual $4 DMV surcharge is approximately $14 million each year.
Where does the MSRC get its funding?
The MSRC was created in 1990 by the California State Legislature as part of AB 2766 that authorizes the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) to collect a $4 surcharge on vehicle registration fees. Under AB 2766, 30% of the $4 is part of a "discretionary" fund overseen by the MSRC, 30% is distributed to the SCAQMD for activities necessary to reach the state’s clean air goals, and 40% is distributed to local cities and counties in the South Coast Air District to be used for clean air projects.
Where does the MSRC’s legal authority come from?
The MSRC was created by the California State Legislature, and its authority is specified in Health and Safety Code Section 44244. The overall AB 2766 program is codified in H&S Code Sections 44220-44247 (Chapter 7-District Fees to Implement the California Clean Air Act).
What is the MSRC?
The MSRC is the Mobile Source Air Pollution Reduction Review Committee, established under state law (AB 2766) whose sole mission is to fund projects that reduce air pollution from motor vehicles within the South Coast Air District in Southern California. The South Coast Air District is a geographic region defined in state regulations to include all of Orange County and portions of Los Angeles, Riverside and San Bernardino counties.
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Oct 25, 2019, 9:36 am
Brunell Club Gear is now available for purchase. Danielle will be issuing Order forms to teams next week. The choice of gear is available to view in the Merchandise section of the website and is also available in the downloads section of the website.
Aug 9, 2019, 10:50 am
The club has confirmed the initial date for the return to training for teams for next season.
Tuesday - 13th August 2019 and Thursday 15th August 2019;
Court 1 : 6.30pm to 7.30pm U16 Court 2 : 6.00pm to 7.00pm U12
Court 2: 8.00pm to 9.00pm Premier/Div1
If you are unable to make any of the training sessions please contact your coach and let them know.
Jul 30, 2019, 7:16 am
The club has confirmed the initial date for the return to training for teams for next season, the remaining dates and times will be confirmed Shortly.
Thursday - 8th August 2019;
Coaches Meeting 6.00pm
The dates and times for premier and Division 1 will be confirmed as soon we have the remaining dates.
Last Man Standing Tournament
The last man standing tournament is now completed, the prize was shared between Alan Madden from Chloe Morey's sheet and Aaron from Aimee Cronins sheet. We would like to thank everyone who took part in the event.
Apr 23, 2019, 8:44 am
The current selections and standings for the Last Man Standing Tournament are now available in the downloads section of the website. A total of 32 went out this week, leaving 6 still standing. The file is called LMS Tournament Still Standing week 10 2 2018.19. The next selections are due by 5pm on Friday 26th April at the latest due to a Friday night game.
Basketball Ireland's President's Lifetime Achievement Awards
Andrew Drumm has been announced as one of the winners of the inaugural Basketball Ireland President's Lifetime Achievement Award. Andrew is the founding member and current president of Brunell Ladies Basketball Club Cork. In 1984, Andrew founded the club and has since devoted his life to it, in a dedicated career that has spanned over 35 years and has seen Andrew attending all events from training sessions to games and fundraisers.
Andrew has also been heavily involved with the Cork Ladies Basketball Board and is currently also the President of this board. Over the years, Andrew has dedicated all of his free time to basketball, and has been kind, respectful and approachable to all. He has helped to bring the club to all levels of success, which continues to this day with strong underage teams representing Brunell at national level, while the senior ladies also play at the top level of the game in the Women’s Super League.
The current selections and standings for the Last Man Standing Tournament are now available in the downloads section of the website. A total of 23 went out this week. The file is called LMS Tournament Still Standing week 9 2 2018.19. The next selections are due by 5pm on Friday 19th April.
The current selections and standings for the Last Man Standing Tournament are now available in the downloads section of the website. A total of 16 went out this week. The file is called LMS Tournament Still Standing week 8 2 2018.19. The next selections are due by 12pm on Friday 12th April.
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Our Concert Series
Musical Cuisine/Landmark
Planting Fields Series
Mozart Festival
Long Island Mozart Festival
Our roster of internationally renowned musicians
Julia Zilberquit
The Russian-born American pianist, Julia Zilberquit, was born into a family of musicians and began to play the piano at the age of four. She graduated from Moscow's Gnesin School of Music and immigrated with her family to the USA in 1989. She has received her Bachelor and Master of Music degrees from The Juilliard School where she was a scholarship student of Bella Davidovich.
Julia Zilberquit has earned critical acclaim as a recitalist, orchestral soloist, chamber musician and recording artist. As the first prize winner of the 1994 Vienna International Music Competition, which launched her career, she performed as the soloist with the Wiener Kammerorchester at the Vienna Konzerthaus and Linz Bruckner Haus. She has also appeared with the Sinfonia Varsovia Orchestra under the baton of Sir Yehudi Menuhin in L.v. Beethoven's Piano Concerto No. 4 at the prestigious Beethoven Festival in Vienna, and gave solo recitals at Vienna's Schoenbrunn Palace and the Boesendorfer Hall where her success resulted in return engagements. Her arrangement of Dmitri Shostakovich's Concertino in A minor, Op. 94, originally scored for two pianos, into a one-movement concerto for piano and chamber orchestra brought her international recognition and received enthusiastic reviews from all over the world. It was premiered at the 1996 International Music Festival in Seattle with the New European Strings Orchestra under Dmitry Sitkovetsky. She received high praise for her debut with the Deutsche Symphony Orchestra at the Philharmonic Hall in Berlin performing Schumann's Piano Concerto in A minor where the Tagesspiegel called her "the romantic poetess of the piano."
Svetlana Smolina
SVETLANA SMOLINA has performed with orchestras and recitals worldwide. Notable appearances with orchestras include Mariinsky Orchestra at Carnegie Hall, New York Philharmonic at Avery Fisher, St.Petersburg, Philharmonic, Orchestra National de France, Odessa and Nizhny Novgorod Philharmonic, Pittsburgh Symphony, New Florida Philharmonic, Shreveport Symphony, New York Chamber. A frequent guest at festivals worldwide, Ms. Smolina has performed at the Salzburg Festival, Hollywood Bowl, Ravinia Rising Stars, White Nights, Maggio Musicale, Mikkeli, Ruhr, Easter, Rotterdam Phillips Gergiev, International Gilmore, Settimane Musicali di Stresa, Michelangeli, Hennessy Artists Series at Hanoi Opera House, The Voice of Music in Upper Galilee,in Royal Covent Garden Opera, Mariinsky 3 Concert Hall, Tchaikovsky Moscow Conservatory, Mozarteum, Merkin Hall, Kravis Center, NJPAC, Gulbenkian Foundation, Grand Artists Series in Tel-Aviv, Academia Santa Cecilia in Rome.
Recent recordings include Stravinsky’s Igor Stravinsky Les noces (Valery Gergiev, conductor on Decca/Phillips and on Mariinsky Label which received ICMA award for Best Choral Work in 2011), a recording of solo Chopin Album for the Chopin iTunes Project, Benjamin Britten Young Apollo live recording from Walt Disney Hall for BCM+D records and many broadcasts for NPR, BBC, PBS, RAI, Cultura TV and other networks.
Yoni Levyatov
An Israeli pianist and composer, Yoni Levyatov is a recipient of the Dorothy McKenzie Artist Recognition Award (New York, 2001 and 2004; Harold Bauer Award, (NY, 2005 and 2006); and the Clairmont Prize, (Tel-Aviv, 2003). He has been a recipient of the America-Israel Cultural Foundation scholarship since 1990.
Mr. Levyatov’s recent appearances include performances at Steinway Hall, NY; Menora Hall in Manchester, England; Spiegelsaal, Rheinsberg, Germany; Auditorium de Cajacanarias, Tenerife; Philharmonic Hall , St. Petersburg, Russia; Jerusalem Music Center; Tel-Aviv Museum of Arts.
He made his critically-acclaimed debut in April 2006 at Alice Tully Hall at Lincoln Center, New York.
Mr. Levyatov made his New York concerto debut in 2005 playing the Schumann concerto under the baton of Phillippe Entremont, as the winner of the Koch Competition, and his Israeli concerto debut under the baton of Marek Piarowski, playing the Schumann concerto with the Jerusalem Symphony Orchestra.
He has received guidance from Earl Wild, Peter Frankl, Ruth Laredo, Gyorgy Sandor, David Dubal, Charles Rosen, Emanuel Ax and Alicia de Larrocha. Past teachers include Dr. Solomon Mikowsky and professor Alexander Volkov.
Until recently, Mr. Levyatov had been pursuing his studies at the Manhattan School of Music, NY, with Constance Keene. He is currently studying with the distinguished pianist Jerome Rose.
Emil Chudnofsky
Emil Chudnovsky (B.M., Mannes College of Music, Certificate of Performance, Yale University) is an expert teacher and coach with over a decade of experience teaching violinists of all levels, from beginner to very advanced competition-level performers. Mr. Chudnovsky is a nine-time international competition winner and laureate. An experienced soloist, he has recorded six CDs, performed recitals and concerts in over 30 countries, and has been frequently invited to give master-classes in the United States, Mexico, South America, New Zealand, China and Japan.
In September of 2009, Mr. Chudnovsky joined the adjunct faculty of the Catholic University of America and, in the summer of 2010, the faculty of the San Miguel de Allende Chamber Music Festival in Mexico. His private studios in the greater DC area have produced students who have won admission to the Cleveland Institute of Music, the Central Music School in Moscow, the Mannes College of Music in New York, and to Catholic University. Mr. Chudnovsky’s students have been frequently chosen for principal seats in the greater DC area’s top youth orchestras, such as the Maryland Classic Youth Orchestras, the American Youth Philharmonic and the Chesapeake Youth Symphony Orchestra. His students have also won prizes at such prestigious area competitions as the W.P.A.S. Feder Competition, the Owings Mills Young Artist Competition, the Young Artists’ Awards of Gaithersburg and the Washington Metropolitan Philharmonic Competition.
Dmitri Berlinsky
Mr. Berlinsky arrived on the International scene as the youngest winner in the history of the Paganini International Violin Competition in Genoa, Italy. This victory led to his performance on Nicolo Paganini's own Guarneri del Gesú instrument, a privilege shared by only a handful of artists in history. Subsequent triumphs at the Montreal International Violin Competition (Grand Prize), the International Tchaikovsky Competition and the Queen Elizabeth Competition in Brussels, led to appearances with major orchestras in Europe, Russia, the Far East, North and South America.
Mr. Berlinsky has performed in such major venues as Carnegie and Avery Fisher Halls in New York, The Kennedy Center in Washington DC, Tokyo's Suntory Hall, the Great Hall of the Moscow Conservatory, the Leipzig Gewandhaus, the Berlin Schtatspiellhaus, the Munich Herkulessaal, the Palais des Beaux Arts in Brussels, the Bonn Beethoven Hall, and Le Place des Arts in Montreal among others.
Anastasia Khitruk
Grammy nominated violinist Anastasia Khitruk has appeared as a soloist with orchestras and in recitals worldwide. Her talent was immediately recognized when she made her orchestral debut at the age of eight. Ms. Khitruk's playing is characterized by passion and intense musicality and she "radiates an inner force that galvanizes the performance and mesmerizes the listener."
Anastasia has appeared in recitals in Europe at such prestigious venues as the Salle Cortot (Paris), Sala Bulgaria and the National Center for Culture (NDK) (Sofia, Bulgaria), Opéra d'Avignon (France), Theatre du Cavaillon (France), Teatro Carlo Fenice (Genoa, Italy), Salons de Musique (Geneva, Switzerland), and the Royal Palace (Stockholm), ADMF (Abu Dhabi) and numerous appearances in Moscow and St. Petersburg (Russia). In the United States, she performed at Weill Hall, Aspen Music Tent (Colorado), Lincoln Center's Alice Tully Hall, Symphony Space, Merkin Concert Hall (New York City), and Bargemusic (Brooklyn), as well as numerous performances in Boston and Los Angeles.
Bela Horvath
Bela Horvath was born in Hungary in 1982, beginning his violin studies at the age of four with his grandfather.
Being a student of the Bela Bartok Conservatory, Mr. Horvath won the National Janos Koncz violin competition in Hungary in 1998.
His success continues, and the next year Bela was one of the finalists at the International Carl Flesch violin competition. He received a special prize for the best interpretation of the 20th century piece which was written for the competition by Miklos Csemiczky.
After study with Miklos Szenthelyi, the Franz Liszt University of Music, Bela was selected and admitted to the Manhattan School of Music, New York in 2002 in studio of the most famous violinist and conductor of today Mr. Pinchas Zukerman and his associate
Though his performances overseas and throughout the United States have included radio and television broadcasts, recordings, and solos with orchestras and chamber music concerts, he is best known as a recitalist. His recital programs invariably include shorter works, of which he is so fond, as well as the larger masterpieces of the violin repertory.
Highlights of his carrier became a debut recital in Carnegie Hall, Weill Hall in 2003
Besides focusing of making his Master’s Degree, Bela Horvath also enjoys collaborating with other instrumentalists around the world. With one of the group he has recently recorded a chamber music for “Marquis Music” in Canada.
Mialtin Zhezha
Albanian-born Mialtin Zhezha is an accomplished violinist and violist. Since his orchestral debut at the age of 13 in Tirana, Albania, he maintains an international performing career. His performances have taken him to three continents in countries such as Italy, Greece, Great Britain, and Japan, to mention a few. Mr. Zhezha has performed across the United States to critical acclaim in major halls such as Carnegie Hall, Merkin Hall, and Miller Auditorium among others.
Cong Wu
Named Robertson prize winner of the 13th Primrose International Viola Competition, violist Cong Wu has collaborated with Christoph Eschenbach, Paul Katz and Itzhak Perlman and American String Quartet, giving concerts throughout North America and Europe. Playing as the principal violist of the Juilliard Orchestra during his years at the Juilliard, Cong has served as principal violist of the Schleswig-Holstein Festival Orchestra in Germany and the China Youth Orchestra in Beijing, under the batons of Christoph von Dohnayi and James Levine. Originally from China, he has studied at Beijing Central Conservatory of Muaic with Wing Ho and The Juilliard School with Heidi Castleman and Hsin-yun Huang. Mr. Wu is currently pursuing his doctoral degree at the Manhattan School of Music, studying with Pinchas Zukerman and Patinka Kopec.
Katherine Greene
Katherine Greene, violist, is a native New Yorker and holds a Masters Degree in performance from The Juilliard School, where she studied with Mr. William Lincer (former Principal Violist of the New York Philharmonic). Over the years Ms. Greene has held various positions, including that of Assistant Principal Violist of the New Jersey Symphony Orchestra until 1990, at which time she became a member of the New York Philharmonic
Sophie Shao
Cellist Sophie Shao is rapidly gaining international acclaim for her brilliant, mature interpretations of repertoire ranging from Bach and Beethoven to Crumb and Wilson. Strad Magazine praised her "superior sense of style" and the World News described her "sensitive, stylistic playing, with great finesse, emotion, and gorgeous tone."
Winner of top prizes at the 2001 Rostropovich Competition and the XII Tchaikovsky Competition in 2002, Ms. Shao received the prestigious Avery Fisher Career Grant at the age of nineteen. She made her first appearance with the Houston Symphony at the age of eleven, playing Boccherini's Cello Concerto, and has returned to perform with the orchestra on numerous occasions. Other orchestral appearances include the Orchestre de Paris with Christoph Eschenbach, the Russian State Academic Symphony Cappella with Valery Poliansky, Erie Symphony, Yale Symphony, Abilene Philharmonic, Orchestra of the Southern Finger Lakes, the Cayuga Chamber Orchestra, among others. She has performed recitals throughout the United States, Europe, and Asia, and has appeared in performances in such venues as the 92nd Street Y, Carnegie, Avery Fisher, Alice Tully, and Merkin Halls in New York, Suntory Hall in Tokyo, Heinz Hall in Pittsburgh, Ford Centre in Toronto, and Rice University in Houston.
Qiang Tu
After making his solo debut at age 13 in Beijing, Mr. Tu began a two-year engagement as soloist with one of China’s major symphony orchestras. At age 17, he was awarded England’s Menuhin Prize as a member of the China Youth String Quartet, and was later selected by the Chinese government to study in the Sydney Conservatory. In that capacity, he toured the country giving chamber-music and solo recitals, including a concert broadcast live from the Sydney Opera House. The culmination of his Australian tenure came when he won Sydney’s Parlings Award for Music. Returning to Beijing, he was appointed, at age 20, Associate Professor of Cello at the Central Conservatory. Concurrently, he became Principal Cellist of the China Youth Symphony and concertized with the orchestra in Switzerland, West Germany, France, Belgium, Italy, and Great Britain. His solo album, Meditation, was distributed by the China Record Company
Natalia Khoma
Since winning the All-Ukrainian Competition in 1981, cellist Natalia Khoma has won top prizes at the Budapest Pablo Casals Competition (1985), Markneukirchen (Germany, 1987) and the Tchaikovsky (Moscow, 1990) international competitions, as well as first prize at the 1990 Belgrade International Cello Competition. A native of Lviv, Ukraine, Ms. Khoma studied at the Lviv Central Music School and the Lviv Conservatory, and from 1982 until 1990, at the Moscow Conservatory with professor Natalia Shakhovskaya. She has since distinguished herself as a recitalist and soloist with orchestras throughout the former USSR, as well as the United States, Canada, Germany, Norway, Belgium, Italy, Spain, Hungary, Israel and Yugoslavia. Natalia Khoma has performed as a soloist with such leading ensembles as the Berlin Radio Orchestra, Belgrade Philharmonic Orchestra, Budapest Philharmonic Orchestra, and the Franz Liszt Chamber Orchestra
Andrey Tchekmazov
A Grand Prize winner of the Vittorio Gui International Chamber Music Competition in Florence and Premio Trio de Trieste in Triest, as well as Premio della Critica in Italy , Mr. Tchekmazov has performed throughout the North and South America, Europe, Russia, and Asia. As a frequent performer with the Jupiter Chamber Players and Lyric Chamber Music Society in New York, and at the Phillips Collection in Washington , Andrey Tchekmazov has "impressed his audiences with big, warm tone and ... Russian brand of virtuosity" - Strad, London -New York.
Adrian Daurov
Adrian Daurov, cellist, was born in St.Petersburg, Russia, studied at the St.Petersburg Conservatory with Anatoly Nikitin. From the early age Adrian appeared as a soloist and chamber musician on the main concert stages of St.Petersburg, Moscow, as well as in Europe and the U.S. He made his debut with the orchestra in 1997 with the St.Petersburg Symphony Orchestra. Adrian was awarded with 1st prizes at the international music competitions in Dobrich, Bulgaria (1996), Peter De Grote, Groningen, The Netherlands (2001) and the LISMA Foundation Competition in NY (2006). In 2004 he toured Germany as a soloist with the St.Petersburg Chamber Orchestra and was appointed the Principal Cellist of the Bayreuth Festival Youth Orchestra under conductor Peter Gulke. He currently studies with David Soyer at Juilliard School of Music. In June 2007, Mr. Daurov was appointed the Principal Cellist of The Chamber Orchestra of New York under conductor Salvatore Di Vittorio. He recently performed the World Premiere of Behzad Ranjbaran’s “Fountains Of Fin” at Bargemusic in New York. In June 2008 Adrian was featured in Gala Concert In Celebration Of Russia’s Independence Day at Carnegie Hall among the world-famous soprano Elena Obraztsova and tenor Vladimir Galuzin. Adrian recently performed the World Premiere of “The Epistle” for Cello Solo and Choir by a Siberian Composer Yuri Yukechev with The Russian Chamber Chorus Of New York.
Volodymyr Vynnytsky
Volodymyr Vynnytsky has a reputation of a brilliant chamber music performer, appearing with such noted ensembles as the Kyiv Chamber Orchestra "Perpetuum Mobile," the Leontovych String Quartet, the St. Petersburg String Quartet, and Zapolsky String Quartet from Denmark. He has also performed at numerous musical festivals, including Connecticut's Music Mountain, the Mohonk Festival of the Arts, the Windham Chamber Music Festival, Lake San Marcos Chamber Music Society in California, and the Music and Art Center of Greene County, where he has served as artistic advisor and resident pianist since 1996. Vynnytsky has performed with the leading orchestras of Ukraine, as well as with Poland's Poznan Symphony Orchestra, the Paris Radio and Television Orchestra, the Scottsdale Symphony Orchestra, the Livonia Symphony Orchestra, and many others
Mirian Conti
The Argentine pianist Mirian Conti enjoys a growing reputation as a musician whose performances combine technical brilliance with striking originality and artistic insight. Stylistically assured in a wide range of repertoire, Ms. Conti is considered a leading exponent of Spanish music; and her rare ability to communicate passion and excitement when playing contemporary scores has won the admiration of leading American and Argentine composers such as Bowles, Broeders, Cohn, Diamond, Gould, Lees, Persichetti, Ramey, White, Zyman, etc. She premiered Lalo Schifrin's Piano Concerto No.2 at the Dorothy Chandler Pavillion in Los Angeles. She was invited by the French Cultural Center in Tangier, Morocco to perform a concert in homage to Paul Bowles. She has made solo, orchestral and chamber appearances at Alice Tully Hall, Merkin Concert Hall, Weill Recital Hall at Carnegie Hall (debut in 1987 as a winner of Artists International Auditions) in New York , and has performed at numerous concert halls throughout the world, including the Teatro Colón in her native Argentina.
Konstantin Soukhovetski
Konstantin Soukhovetski is rapidly earning a reputation as a “young pianist who captivates” with his “distinctive lyricism”, “immaculate technique” and “vigor…refinement… and drama”. Mr. Soukhovetski won the First Prize and Audience Prize at 2007 New Orleans International Piano Competition and can be heard this season with The Louisiana Philharmonic, LA; Kennett Symphony, PA; Baton Rouge Symphony, LA; Acadiana Symphony, LA and Erie Philharmonic Orchestra, PA as well as solo recitals at Tri-C Series in Cleveland, OH; “Evelyn Miller” Series in Knoxville, TN; Gala for Auburn Symphony Orchestra, Auburn, CA; Apollo Arts, Oregon House, CA; Manchester Music Festival, VT; Elmira College, NY; Emory-Oxford College, GA; Forum Series in Banner Elk, NC; 21-Century Club, Cleveland, OH; The Prizery, South Boston, VA; Haywood Arts Council Piano Series, Waynesville, NC; Goddard Riverside concert series in New York, NY and at Loyola University’s Roussel Hall presented by the Music Society of New Orleans. Mr. Soukhovetski will also appear at The Kennedy Center with Biava Quartet this season.
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Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg
(Redirected from Brunswick-Lüneburg)
This article is about the German states ruled by the various Dukes of Brunswick and Lüneburg. For the two largest states during most of the 18th century, see Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel.
Find sources: "Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (August 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
The Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg (German: Herzogtum Braunschweig und Lüneburg), or more properly the Duchy of Brunswick and Lüneburg, was a historical duchy that existed from the late Middle Ages to the Early Modern era within the Holy Roman Empire. The duchy was located in what is now northwestern Germany. Its name came from the two largest cities in the territory: Brunswick and Lüneburg.
Duchies of Brunswick and Lüneburg
Herzogtum Braunschweig-Lüneburg
Brunswick-Lüneburg as part of the Holy Roman Empire, c. 1648
Brunswick,
Common languages
West Low German
Historical era
• Henry the Lion defeated; Saxony divided; Henry reinvested with Welf allod
• Allod elevated to Duchy of Brunswick and Lüneburg
• Partition into Lüneburg and Brunswick
• Grubenhagen formed
• Göttingen formed
• Brunswick splits into Wolfenbüttel and Calenberg
• The end of the Holy Roman Empire
Preceded by Succeeded by
Duchy of Saxony
Electorate of Hanover
Duchy of Brunswick
Today part of
The dukedom emerged in 1235 from the allodial lands of the House of Welf in Saxony and was granted as an imperial fief to Otto the Child, a grandson of Henry the Lion. The duchy was divided several times during the High Middle Ages amongst various lines of the House of Welf, but each ruler was styled "Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg" in addition to his own particular title.[1][2] By 1692, the territories had consolidated to two: the Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Hanover) and the Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel.
In 1714, the Hanoverian branch of the family succeeded to the throne of Great Britain, which they would rule in personal union with Hanover until 1837. For this reason, many cities and provinces in former British colonies are named after Brunswick or Lüneburg. The Hanoverians never ruled Brunswick while they held the British throne, as the city was part of neighboring Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. After the Congress of Vienna in 1814/15, the Brunswick-Lüneburg territories became the Kingdom of Hanover and the Duchy of Brunswick.
2 History of the subordinate principalities
2.1 Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
2.2 Principality of Calenberg (later Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg)
2.3 Principality of Lüneburg
2.4 Principality of Göttingen
2.5 Principality of Grubenhagen
2.6 Other branches
2.7 From Lüneburg to Hanover
2.8 History of the relationship to the British Crown
2.9 After the Congress of Vienna
3 Duchy of Brunswick
4 Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg and successors
4.1 House of Welf
4.1.1 Partitions of Brunswick-Lüneburg under Welf rule
4.1.2 Table of rulers
Otto the Child is enfeoffed with Brunswick-Lüneburg by Emperor Frederick II, Lüneburg Sachsenspiegel, 1448
When the imperial ban was placed on Henry the Lion in 1180, he lost his titles as Duke of Saxony and Duke of Bavaria. He went into exile for several years, but was then allowed to stay on the (allodial) estates inherited from his mother's side until the end of his life.
At the Imperial Diet of 1235 in Mainz, as part of the reconciliation between the Hohenstaufen and Welf families, Henry's grandson, Otto the Child, transferred his estates to Emperor Frederick II and was enfeoffed in return with the newly created Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg, which was formed from the estates transferred to the Emperor as well as other large areas of the imperial fisc. After his death in 1252, he was succeeded by his sons, Albert the Tall and John, who ruled the dukedom jointly.
In 1269 the duchy was divided, Albert receiving the southern part of the state around Brunswick and John the northern territories in the area of Lüneburg. The towns of Lüneburg and Brunswick remained in the overall possession of the House of Welf until 1512 and 1671 respectively. In 1571 the Amt of Calvörde became an exclave of the Duchy. The various parts of the duchy were further divided and re-united over the centuries, all of them being ruled by the Welf or Guelph dynasty, who maintained close relations with one another—not infrequently by marrying cousins—a practice far more common than is the case today, even among the peasantry of the Holy Roman Empire, for the salic inheritance laws in effect, encouraged the practice of retaining control of lands and benefits. The seats of power moved in the meantime from Brunswick and Lüneburg to Celle and Wolfenbüttel as the towns asserted their independence.
History of the subordinate principalitiesEdit
Territorial division of the Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg and dynastic relationships within the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg and to the Kingdom of Great Britain.
The subsequent history of the dukedom and its subordinate principalities was characterised by numerous divisions and reunifications. The subordinate states that were repeatedly created, and which had the legal status of principalities, were generally named after the residence of their rulers. The estates of the different dynastic lines could be inherited by a side line when a particular family died out. For example, over the course of the centuries there were the Old, Middle and New Houses (or Lines) of Brunswick, and the Old, Middle and New Houses of Lüneburg. The number of simultaneously reigning dynastic lines varied from two to five.
Principality of Brunswick-WolfenbüttelEdit
Main article: Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
In 1269 the Principality of Brunswick was formed following the first division of the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg. In 1432, as a result of increasing tensions with the townsfolk of Brunswick, the Brunswick Line moved their Residence to Wolfenbüttel, into the water castle, which was expanded into a Schloss, whilst the town was developed into a royal seat. The name Wolfenbüttel was given to this principality. From 1546 Wolfenbüttel became the residence of the senior prince of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Henry, Duke of Brunswick-Dannenberg. With sole rights to the duchy Brunswick-Lüneburg, he provided a conditional lease of the principality of Lüneburg to the princes of Calenburg with the conditions of payment to Wolfenbüttel heirs, together with the guarantee that only his descendants would inherit this senior principality of Wolfenbüttel. Not until 1753/1754 was the Residence moved back to Brunswick, into the newly built Brunswick Palace. In 1814 the principality became the Duchy of Brunswick, with its own subordinate principalities that are all apart from the Calenburg principality from which sprang the de facto Kingdom of Hanover, a Kingdom which was declared a usurpation by the head of house, Charles II of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, in his edict of May 10, 1827. In 1866 Prussia annexed the territories and refused to recognize the Kingdom of Hanover. Prince Charles II of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel protested the violent annexation from his places of exile in Paris, as well as Geneva Switzerland, signed and sealed the 12th of April 1873.[3]
Principality of Calenberg (later Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg)Edit
Main articles: Principality of Calenberg and Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg
In 1432 the estates gained by the Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel between the Deister and Leine split away as the Principality of Calenberg. To the north this new state bordered on the County of Hoya near Nienburg and extended from there in a narrow, winding strip southwards up the River Leine through Wunstorf and Hanover where it reached the Principality of Wolfenbüttel. In 1495 it was expanded around Göttingen and in 1584 went back to the Wolfenbüttel Line. In 1634, as a result of inheritance distributions, it went to the House of Lüneburg, before becoming an independent principality again in 1635, when it was given to George, younger brother of Prince Ernest II of Lüneburg, who chose Hanover as his Residenz. New territory was added in 1665 in the vicinity of Grubenhagen and in 1705 around the Principality of Lüneburg. In 1692 Duke Ernest Augustus from the Calenberg Line acquired the right to be a prince-elector as the Prince-Elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg. Colloquially the Electorate was also known as the Electorate of Hanover or as Kurhannover. In 1814 it was succeeded by the Kingdom of Hanover.
Principality of LüneburgEdit
Main article: Principality of Lüneburg
The Principality of Lüneburg emerged alongside the Principality of Brunswick in 1269 when the inheritance of the Duchy was divided. After the death of Duke George William of Brunswick-Lüneburg in 1705, King George I inherited the state of Lüneburg with his wife, the Duke's daughter, Sophie Dorothea, later known as the "Princess of Ahlden". It was united with the Principality of Calenberg, which had been elevated in 1692 into the Electorate.
Principality of GöttingenEdit
Main article: Principality of Göttingen
The southernmost principality in the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg stretched from Münden in the south down the River Weser to Holzminden. In the east it ran through Göttingen along the River Leine via Northeim to Einbeck. It emerged in 1345 as the result of a division of the Principality of Brunswick and was united in 1495 with Calenberg.
Principality of GrubenhagenEdit
Main article: Principality of Grubenhagen
From 1291 to 1596 Grubenhagen was an independent principality, its first ruler being Henry the Admirable, son of Albert of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. The state lay ran from the northern part of the Solling hills and the River Leine near Einbeck and north of the Eichsfeld on and in the southwestern Harz. After being split in the course of the years into smaller and smaller principalities it Grubenhagen finally returned in 1596 to Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel.
Other branchesEdit
Other branches that did not have full sovereignty existed in the Dannenberg, Harburg, Gifhorn, Bevern, Osterode, Herzberg, Salzderhelden and Einbeck.
While a total of about a dozen subdivisions that existed, some were only dynastic and not recognised as states of the Empire, which at one time had over 1500 such legally recognized entities. In the List of Reichstag participants (1792), the following four subdivisions of Brunswick-Lüneburg had recognized representation:
The Principality of Lüneburg.
The Principality of Calenberg-Göttingen, merged under Eric I of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel in 1495.
The Principality of Grubenhagen.
The Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel.
By 1705 only two Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg survived, one ruling Calenberg, Lüneburg and other possessions, and the other ruling Wolfenbüttel.
From Lüneburg to HanoverEdit
Main article: History of Hanover
One of the dynastic lines was that of the princes of Lüneburg, who in 1635 acquired Calenberg for George, a junior member of the family who set up residence in the city of Hanover. His son Christian Louis and his brothers inherited Celle in 1648 and thereafter shared it and Calenberg between themselves; a closely related branch of the family ruled separately in Wolfenbüttel.
As a latter day development, what became the Electorate of Hanover was initially called the Elector of Brunswick-Lunenberg when the Holy Roman Emperor appointed Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick-Lunenberg an Elector in 1696 (two years before his death) in a somewhat controversial move to increase the number of Protestant electors—thereby offending the entrenched interests of the extant prince-electors who would no longer be so few. As with most matters in Europe during these times, this was part of the centuries-long religious unrest accompanied by outright warfare (see Thirty Years' War) triggered by the zealous advocates on either side of the Protestant Reformation and the Catholic Counter-Reformation.
The territories of Calenberg and Lüneburg-Celle were made an Electorate by the Emperor Leopold I in 1692 in expectation of the imminent inheritance of Celle by the Duke of Calenberg, though the actual dynastic union of the territories did not occur until 1705 under his son George I Louis, and the Electorate was not officially approved by the Imperial Diet until 1708.
The resulting state was known under many different names (Brunswick-Lüneburg, Calenberg, Calenberg-Celle; its ruler was often known as the "Elector of Hanover". Coincidentally, in 1701 the Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg found himself in the line of succession for the British crown, later confirmed in 1707 by the Act of Union, which he subsequently inherited, thereby creating a personal union of the two crowns on 20 October 1714.
After a little over a decade, the matter of the disputed electorate was settled upon the heir, and the new Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (acceded as duke on 23 January 1698), George I Louis was able to style himself the Elector of Brunswick and Lüneburg from 1708. It was not just happenstance but similar religious driven politics that brought about the circumstance that he was also put into the line of succession for the British crown by the Act of Settlement— which was written to ensure a Protestant succession to the thrones of Scotland and England at a time when anti-Catholic sentiment ran high in much of Northern Europe and much of Great Britain. In the event, George I succeeded his second cousin Anne, Queen of Great Britain — the last reigning member of the House of Stuart, and subsequently formed a personal union from 1 August 1714 between the British crown and the duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg (electorate of Hanover) which would last until well after the end of the Napoleonic wars more than a century later—including even through the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire and the rise of a new successor kingdom. In that manner, the "Electorate of Hanover" (the core duchy) was enlarged with the addition of other lands and became the kingdom of Hanover in 1814 at the peace conferences (Congress of Vienna) settling the future shape of Europe in the aftermath of the Napoleonic wars.
History of the relationship to the British CrownEdit
The first Hanoverian King of Great Britain, George I of Great Britain, was the reigning Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, and was finally made an official and recognized prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire in 1708. His possessions were enlarged in 1706 when the hereditary lands of the Calenberg branch of the Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg merged with the lands of the Lüneburg-Celle branch to form the state of Hanover. Subsequently, George I was referred to as Elector of Hanover.
In 1700 and 1701, when the English Parliament had addressed the question of an orderly succession, with a particular religious bias toward a Protestant ruler, from the childless ruling Queen Anne (House of Stuart), it passed the provisions of the Act of Settlement 1701 to Sophia of Hanover, granddaughter of James I. Sophia predeceased Queen Anne by a few weeks, but her son and heir, George I, succeeded as King of Great Britain when Anne, his second cousin, died in August 1714. Great Britain and Hanover remained united in personal union until the accession of Queen Victoria in 1837.
George I was followed by his son George II and great-grandson George III. The last mentioned retained the position of elector even after the Holy Roman Empire was abolished by its last emperor in 1806. George III contested the validity of the dissolution of the Empire and maintained separate consular offices and staff for the Electorate of Hanover until the peace conferences at the war's end. After the fall of Napoleon, George III regained his lands plus lands from Prussia as King of Hanover, whilst giving up some other smaller scattered territories.
After the Congress of ViennaEdit
After the end of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, Calenberg-Celle and its possessions were added to by the Congress of Vienna ending the Napoleonic war, being born anew under the name of Kingdom of Hanover (including Brunswick-Lüneburg). During the first half of the 19th century, the Kingdom of Hanover was ruled as personal union by the British crown from its creation under George III of the United Kingdom, the last elector of Hanover until the death of William IV in 1837. At that point, the crown of Hanover went to William's younger brother, Ernest, Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale under the Salic laws requiring the next male heir to inherit, whereas the British throne was inherited by an elder brother's only daughter, Queen Victoria.
Subsequently, the kingdom was lost in 1866 by his son George V of Hanover during the Austro-Prussian War when it was annexed by Prussia, and became the Prussian province of Hanover.
Duchy of BrunswickEdit
Main article: Duchy of Brunswick
The Wolfenbüttel Line retained its independence, except from 1807 to 1813, when it and Hanover were merged into the Napoleonic Kingdom of Westphalia. The Congress of Vienna of 1815 turned it into an independent state under the name Duchy of Brunswick. The Duchy remained independent and joined first the North German Confederation and in 1871 the German Empire.
When the main line of descent became extinct in 1884, the German Emperor withheld the rightful heir, the Crown Prince of Hanover, from taking control, instead installing a regent. Decades later, the families were reconciled by the marriage of the Crown Prince's son to the Emperor's only daughter, and the Emperor allowed his son-in-law to assume rule (his father having renounced his own right).
Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg and successorsEdit
House of WelfEdit
Partitions of Brunswick-Lüneburg under Welf ruleEdit
(1269–1291) Lüneburg
(1st creation)
Grubenhagen
(1291–1596) Wolfenbüttel
(2nd creation)
Lüneburg under
Ascanian rule
(3rd creation)
Calenberg
(4th creation)
(annexed Grubenhagen 1617)
Recalled Hanover 1692
Annexed by
Kingdom of France
Annexed by Kingdom of Prussia
Table of rulersEdit
(Note: Here the numbering of the princes is the same for all duchies, as all were titled Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg, despite of the different parts of land and its particular numbering of the rulers. The princes are numbered by the year of their succession.)
Ruling part
Otto I the Child
1204 1235–1252 9 June 1252 Brunswick-Lüneburg Matilda of Brandenburg
ten children Grandson of Henry the Lion, founded the Duchy and was recognised as such in 1235, by Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
Albert I the Tall
1236 1252–1269 15 August 1279 Brunswick-Lüneburg Elisabeth of Brabant
Alexia of Montferrat
seven children Shared rule with his brother John. In 1269 divided the land with him, and became Prince of Brunswick.
John I 1242 13 December 1277 Brunswick-Lüneburg Liutgard of Holstein-Itzehoe
five children Shared rule with his brother Albert. In 1269 divided the land with him, and became Prince of Luneburg.
All Welf lines continued to bear the title "Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg" between the division of 1269 and the end of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806. This was an additional title to the representation of their actual territorial lordship. However, as this is list of rulers, the list goes beyond the use of the title, going through all generations until the end of the noble family representation in the land, in 1918.
1236 1269–1279 15 August 1279 Brunswick Elisabeth of Brabant
seven children In 1269 became Prince of Wolfenbuttel.
John I 1242 1269-1277 13 December 1277 Lüneburg Liutgard of Holstein-Itzehoe
(regent)
1236 1277–1279 15 August 1279 Lüneburg Elisabeth of Brabant
seven children Regents on behalf of their nephew
Conrad of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Prince-Bishop of Verden
(regent) Before 1279 1277–1282 After 1282 Lüneburg
Otto II the Strict
1266 1282-1330 10 April 1330 Lüneburg Matilda of Bavaria
five children His rule was marked by several feuds, financed by pledges (Verpfändungen), involving border and property disputes with his neighbours. Otto restricted the rights of the knights and safeguarded public order.
Henry I the Admirable August 1267 1279–1291 7 September 1322 Brunswick Agnes of Meissen
sixteen children Sons of Albert I, ruled jointly. In 1291 divided the land: Henry received Grubenhagen, William Wolfenbüttel and Albert Göttingen. William died without descendants, and Albert reunited his land with his brother's.
1291–1322 Grubenhagen
William I 1270 1279-1291 30 September 1292 Brunswick Elisabeth of Hesse
1291–1292 Wolfenbüttel
Albert II the Fat 1268 1279-1291 22 September 1318 Brunswick Rixa of Mecklenburg-Werle
ten children
1291–1292 Göttingen
1292–1318 Göttingen and Wolfenbüttel
Otto III the Mild
24 June 1292 1318–1344 30 August 1344 Göttingen and Wolfenbüttel Judith of Hesse
Agnes of Brandenburg-Salzwedel
no children Sons of Albert II, ruled jointly. After Otto's death Magnus and Ernest divided the land: Magnus received Wolfenbüttel and Ernest Göttingen.
Magnus I the Pious 1304 1318–1344 1369 Göttingen and Wolfenbüttel Sophia of Brandenburg-Stendal
eight children
1344-1369 Wolfenbüttel
Ernest I 1305 1318–1344 24 April 1367 Göttingen and Wolfenbüttel Elizabeth of Hesse
three children
Henry II Before 1296 1322–1351 After 1351 Grubenhagen Jutta of Brandenburg-Stendal
four children
Helvis of Ibelin
six children Sons of Henry I, ruled jointly.
Ernest II 1297 1322–1361 9 March 1361 Grubenhagen Adelheid of Everstein-Polle
nine children
William II 1298 1322–1360 1360 Grubenhagen Unmarried
John II Before 1296 1322–1325 After 1367 Grubenhagen Unmarried
Otto IV 1296 1330–1352 19 August 1352 Lüneburg Matilda of Mecklenburg
three children Sons of Otto II, ruled jointly. After Otto's death in 1352, William ruled alone. His death without descendants precipitated the Lüneburg War of Succession in 1370.
William III the Elder
c.1300 1330–1369 23 November 1369 Lüneburg Hedwig of Ravensberg
one child
Sophia of Anhalt-Bernburg
Agnes of Saxe-Lauenburg
Albert III c.1339 1361–1383 1383 Grubenhagen Agnes of Brunswick-Lüneburg
one child Sons of Ernest II, ruled jointly. John abdicated 1364 to join the clergy and Albert became sole ruler.
John III c.1339 1361–1364 18 January 1401 Grubenhagen Adelheid of Everstein-Polle
Otto V the Evil
1330 1367–1394 13 November 1394 Göttingen Margarethe of Jülich-Berg
two children
Magnus II of the Necklace (Torquatus)
1304 1369–1373 25 July 1373 Wolfenbüttel and Lüneburg Katherine of Anhalt-Bernburg
eight children Inherited Wolfenbüttel from his father. However, the Lüneburg War of Succession allowed his succession also in this duchy. However, the War of Succession brought, after his death, the dukes of Saxe-Wittenberg to the government.
Frederick I 1357 1373–1400 5 June 1400 Wolfenbüttel Anna of Saxe-Wittenberg
two children Fulfilling the agreement of Hanover, married the daughter of the Duke Wenceslaus of Saxe-Wittenberg.
After the death of Magnus II with the Necklace, a treaty (the Reconciliation of Hanover) was agreed between the widow of Magnus II and her sons and the claimers, Albert of Saxe-Wittenberg and his uncle Duke Wenceslaus I of Saxe-Wittenberg: the estates of the Principality were to pay homage both to the Welfs and to the Ascanians, and the two noble houses would govern the state alternately. Initially, the land would be given to the two Ascanians from Wittenberg, and after their death it would go to the sons of the fallen Duke Magnus II. After their death, rule of the Principality was to revert to the Ascanians. In order to underpin the agreement, in 1374 Albert of Saxe-Lüneburg married Catharina, the widow of Magnus II. The treaty also envisaged the creation of a statutory body representing the estates, which was to supervise the treaty. However, 1373–1388 would be the only period in which a Brunswick-Luneburg land was not ruled by a Welf.
Albert IV (Ascanian)
before 1350 1373–1385 28 June 1385 Lüneburg Katherine of Anhalt-Bernburg
one child Inherited Lüneburg as he was son of Elisabeth, daughter of William the Elder. To reinforce his claim married the widow of the previous duke, Katherine. Albert also moved the residence to Celle after the slighting of Lüneburg Castle. With no male heirs, his co-ruler and uncle, Wenceslaus I of Saxe-Wittenberg, took the entire government of Lüneburg.
Wenceslaus I (Ascanian)
1337 1373–1388 15 May 1388 Lüneburg Cecilia da Carrara
six children Took the entire government of the duchy after the death of his nephew, the natural heir. After his death,according to the treaty, the duchy was returned to the Welfs.
In the wake of his death, Elector Wenceslas appointed Bernard, his brother-in-law, as co-regent involved him in the government. But his younger brother Henry did not agree with this ruling, and after vain attempts to reach an agreement, the fight flared up again in the spring of 1388. Elector Wenceslas had to assemble an army without the help of Bernard, supported by the town of Lüneburg. From Winsen an der Aller, he wanted to attack Celle, which was held by Henry and his mother. During the preparations, however, Elector Wenceslas fell seriously ill and died shortly thereafter. According to legend, he was poisoned. Lüneburg continued the preparations, formed an alliance with the Bishop of Minden and Count of Schaumburg and set up his own army. On 28 May 1388, battle was joined at Winsen an der Aller; it ended in victory for Henry. According to the provisions of the Treaty of Hanover from the year 1373, after the death of Wensceslas, the Principality passed to the House of Welf. In 1389, a inheritance agreement between the Welfs and the Ascanians was concluded, the treaty of 1374 was abolished, and the Principality was finally secured for the Welfs.
Frederick I, Duke of Brunswick-Osterode (regent) c.1383 1383–1401 28 May 1427 Grubenhagen Adelaide of Anhalt-Zerbst
one child Brother of Albert III, regent on behalf of his nephew, Eric
Eric I the Winner c.1383 1401–1427 28 May 1427 Grubenhagen Elisabeth of Brunswick-Göttingen
six children
Henry III the Mild
1355 1388–1400 14 October 1416 Lüneburg Sophia of Pomerania
Margaret of Hesse
one child Sons of Magnus II, ruled jointly. They permanently recovered Lüneburg for the Welfs. In 1400 inherited Wolfenbüttel and in 1416 divided their lands: Henry retained Lüneburg and Bernard kept Wolfenbüttel until 1428, when exchanged it with Lüneburg from his nephews.
1400-1409 Lüneburg and Wolfenbüttel
1409–1416 Lüneburg
Bernard I
between 1358 and 1364 1388–1400 11 June 1434 Lüneburg Margaret of Saxe-Wittenberg
1400–1409 Lüneburg and Wolfenbüttel
Otto VI the One-Eyed 1380 1394–1463 6 February 1463 Göttingen Agnes of Hesse
one child With no male heirs, after his death Gottingen is absorbed by Calenberg.
William IV the Victorious
1392 1416–1428 25 July 1482 Lüneburg Cecilia of Brandenburg
30 May/6 June 1423
Matilda of Holstein-Schauenburg-Pinneberg
one child Sons of Henry III, ruled jointly. In 1428 they exchanged, with their uncle Bernard I, Lüneburg for Wolfenbüttel. In 1432 founded the Principality of Calenberg, a split-off from Lüneburg, and left the remaining Wolfenbüttel to his brother Henry IV. After the latter's death William took his lands. In 1463, attached the Principality of Göttingen to Calenberg.
1432–1482 Calenberg (and Göttingen)
Henry IV the Peaceful 1411 1416–1428 7 December 1473 Lüneburg Helena of Clèves
Henry V 1416 1427–1464 20 December 1464 Grubenhagen (Part 1 from 1440) Margaret of Żagań
before 27 June 1457
two children In 1440 divided Grubenhagen with his brother Albert.
In 1428, Bernard recovered Luneburg from his nephews.
Otto VII the Lame
? 1434–1446 1446 Lüneburg Elisabeth of Eberstein
Ruled jointly. Their rule was marked by major building work to Celle Castle and also by numerous reforms which improved the legal situation of farmers vis-a-vis their local lords.
Frederick II the Pious
1418 1434–1457 19 March 1478 Lüneburg Magdalene of Brandenburg
Albert V 1 November 1419 1440–1485 15 August 1485 Grubenhagen (Part 2) Elisabeth of Waldeck
two children In 1440 Henry V divided Grubenhagen with his brother, Albert.
Bernard II
1437 1457–1464 1464 Lüneburg Unmarried Also Prince-Bishop of Hildesheim. Ruled jointly with his brother Otto.
Otto VIII Magnanimous
1439 1457–1471 9 January 1471 Lüneburg Anna of Nassau-Dillenburg
two children Ruled jointly with his brother Bernard until 1464.
Albert V (regent) 1 November 1419 1464–1479 15 August 1485 Grubenhagen (Part 1) Elisabeth of Waldeck
two children Appointed regent for his nephew Henry.
Henry VI 1460 1479–1526 6 December 1526 Grubenhagen (Part 1) Elisabeth of Saxe-Lauenburg
no children With his uncle Albert V, officialized the division of Grubenhagen. However, his death without descendants allowed his cousins (sons of Albert) to reunite Grubenhagen.
three children 2nd rule.
Anna of Nassau-Dillenburg (regent)
1441 1478–1486 8 April 1513 Lüneburg Otto VIII
Philipp I, Count of Katzenelnbogen
no children Regent on behalf of his son after the death of his grandfather.
Henry VII the Middle
15 September 1468 1486–1520 19 February 1532 Lüneburg Margaret of Saxony
seven children
Anna von Camp
no children As he opposed to the newly elected Emperor Charles V, the latter deposed him from the duchy and gave it to his sons.
Frederick III the Turbulent 1424 1482–1485 7 July 1503 Calenberg Anna of Brunswick-Grubenhagen-Einbeck
Margaret of Rietberg
no children Imprisoned by his brother William, who took his place.
William V the Younger
1425 1482–1485 7 July 1503 Wolfenbüttel Elizabeth of Stolberg-Wernigerode
three children Inherited Wolfenbüttel from his father. Joined Wolfenbüttel to his domains in 1485, when he imprisoned his brother. Abdicated to his sons in 1491.
1485–1491 Calenberg and Wolfenbüttel
1476 1485–1551 4 September 1551 Grubenhagen (Part 2 until 1526) Unknown
Catherine of Mansfeld-Vorderort
nine children Son of Albert V, in 1526 reunited Grubenhagen under his hands.
Henry VIII the Elder 14 June 1463 1491–1494 23 June 1514 Calenberg and Wolfenbüttel Catherine of Pomerania-Wolgast
nine children Sons of William V, ruled jointly. In 1494, they divided their lands. Henry retained Wolfenbüttel and Eric retained Calenberg.
Eric II the Elder
16 February 1470 1491-1494 30 July 1540 Calenberg and Wolfenbüttel Katharina of Saxony
Elisabeth of Brandenburg
1494–1540 Calenberg
Henry IX the Younger
10 November 1489 1514–1568 11 June 1568 Wolfenbüttel Maria of Württemberg
Sophia of Poland
22/25 February 1556
no children He was the last Catholic of his family. Under him the medieval fortress (Burg) was rebuilt into a castle (Schloss); he was a passionate opponent of the Lutherans, and driving force behind the Catholic alliance established against the Schmalkaldic League; the disinheritance of a third son could not be carried out.
Otto IX
24 August 1495 1520–1527 11 August 1549 Lüneburg Meta von Camp
no children Sons of Henry VII, ruled jointly. Otto abdicated in 1527 and founded his own estate, the Lordship of Harburg, which passed to his own descendants. Ernest was a champion of the Protestant cause during the early years of the Protestant Reformation. Francis started his co-rulership in 1536, and abdicated three years later to rule in his own estate, the Principality of Gifhorn, which was reannexed to Lüneburg after his death as he left no descendants.
Ernest III the Confessor
27 June 1497 1520–1546 11 January 1546 Lüneburg Sophia of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
23 November 1508 1536–1539 23 November 1549 Lüneburg Clara of Saxe-Lauenburg
Amt Neuhaus
Interin government: 1546–1555
Elisabeth of Brandenburg (regent)
24 August 1510 1540–1545 25 May 1558 Calenberg Eric II the Elder
Poppo XII of Henneberg
no children Regent on behalf of her son, Eric. Called The Reformation Princess, implemented the Reformation in Calenberg. She also wrote a "government manual" for Eric II, with important advice that should serve him as a guide.
Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse (regent)
13 November 1504 31 March 1567 Calenberg Christine of Saxony
Margarethe von der Saale
(morganatic and bigamous)
nine children Regent on behalf of Eric III.
Eric III
10 August 1528 1545–1584 17 November 1584 Calenberg Sidonie of Saxony
Dorothea of Lorraine
no children Left no descendants, and Calenberg was annexed to Wolfenbüttel.
Ernest IV
17 December 1518 1551–1567 2 April 1567 Grubenhagen Margaret of Pomerania-Wolgast
one child Left no male descendants. The land passed to his brother Wolfgang.
Francis Otto
20 June 1530 1555–1559 29 April 1559 Lüneburg Elizabeth Magdalene of Brandenburg
Left no descendants. The land passed to his brothers.
Henry X 1533 1559–1569 19 January 1598 Lüneburg Ursula of Saxe-Lauenburg
seven children Brothers of Francis Otto, ruled jointly. In 1569 Henry founded the duchy of Dannenberg, which left to his own descendants. William ruled alone from 1569.
William VI the Younger
4 July 1535 1559–1592 20 August 1592 Lüneburg Dorothea of Denmark
fifteen children
Wolfgang 6 April 1531 1567–1595 14 May 1595 Grubenhagen Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg
no children Like most of his predecessors, he had financial problems, so he was often forced to sell or pledge major parts of his possession and he had to demand high taxes. As he left no male descendants, the land passed to his brother Philip.
29 June 1528 1568–1584 3 May 1589 Wolfenbüttel Hedwig of Brandenburg
Cölln
eleven children In 1584 absorbes the Principality of Calenberg. By embracing the Protestant Reformation, establishing the University of Helmstedt, and introducing a series of administrative reforms, Julius was one of the most important Brunswick dukes in the early modern era.
1584–1589 Wolfenbüttel and Calenberg
Henry Julius
15 October 1564 1589–1596 30 July 1613 Wolfenbüttel and Calenberg Dorothea of Saxony
Elizabeth of Denmark
ten children In 1596 occupied Grubenhagen.
Ernest V
31 December 1564 1592–1611 2 March 1611 Lüneburg Unmarried Left no descendants. The land passed to his brother, Christian.
Philip II 2 May 1533 1595–1596 4 April 1596 Grubenhagen Clara of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
no children As he left no male descendants, the land had no heir and was occupied by the Principality of Wolfenbüttel.
15 October 1564 1596–1613 30 July 1613 Wolfenbüttel, Calenberg and Grubenhagen Dorothea of Saxony
Christian the Elder
9 November 1566 1611–1617 8 November 1633 Lüneburg Unmarried In 1617 annexed Grubenhagen to his domains
Frederick Ulrich
5 April 1591 1613–1616 11 August 1634 Wolfenbüttel, Calenberg and Grubenhagen Anna Sophia of Brandenburg
no children Because of his alcoholism, was deposed by his own mother, who took the regency in his name.
Elizabeth of Denmark (regent)
25 August 1573 1616–1622 19 July 1625 Wolfenbüttel, Calenberg and Grubenhagen Henry Julius
ten children With the help of her brother, Christian IV of Denmark, she managed to depose her son, as he was alcoholic and at that point unfit for ruling. However she lost in 1617 the Principality of Grubenhagen. Left the government business for Anton von Streithorst, who nearly ruined the state by minting coins from cheap metals and thus causing inflation. Because of the bad situation of the state, the king of Denmark had Frederick take control of the government again.
9 November 1566 1617–1633 8 November 1633 Lüneburg and Grubenhagen Unmarried Absorbed Grubenhagen from Wolfenbüttel. As he left no descendants, the land passed to his brother, Augustus. Grubenhagen is definitively annexed to Lüneburg.
5 April 1591 1622–1634 11 August 1634 Wolfenbüttel and Calenberg Anna Sophia of Brandenburg
no children Left no descendants. His lands passed to collateral lines of the Lüneburg Welfs.
Augustus I the Elder
18 November 1568 1633–1636 1 October 1636 Lüneburg (and Grubenhagen) Unmarried No legitimate issue. The land passed to his brother, Frederick IV.
17 February 1582 1634–1641 2 April 1641 Calenberg Anne Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt
eight children Younger son of William VI. Inherited Calenberg from his cousin Frederick Ulrich, who had left no descendants. Abdicated to his son in 1641.
Augustus II the Younger
10 April 1579 1634–1666 17 September 1666 Wolfenbüttel Clara Maria of Pomerania-Barth
Strelitz
Dorothea of Anhalt-Zerbst
five children
Elisabeth Sophie of Mecklenburg
two children Younger son of Henry X. Inherited Wolfenbüttel from his cousin Frederick Ulrich, who had left no descendants. In 1643 he moved into the Residence at Wolfenbüttel, was the founder of a barock theatre and the Bibliotheca Augusta.
Frederick IV
28 August 1574 1636–1648 10 December 1648 Lüneburg (and Grubenhagen) Unmarried As he left no descendants, the land passed to a nephew, Christian Louis, son of Frederick's brother George.
Christian Louis
25 February 1622 1641–1648 15 March 1665 Calenberg Sophia Dorothea of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg
no children In 1648 inherited the Principality of Lüneburg from his uncle Frederick IV, he gave Calenberg to his younger brother George William, and instead ruled the larger territory of Lüneburg.
1648-1665 Lüneburg
George William
26 January 1624 1648–1665 28 August 1705 Calenberg Éléonore Desmier d'Olbreuse
one child When his brother, Christian Louis died childless in 1665, George William inherited Luneburg. He then gave Calenberg to his next brother, John Frederick. At his death without male descendants, the land passed to his son-in-law, the Elector of Hanover. Lüneburg is annexed to Hanover.
Rudolf Augustus
16 May 1627 1666–1704 26 January 1704 Wolfenbüttel Christiane Elizabeth of Barby-Mühlingen
Rosine Elisabeth Menthe
(morganatic)
no children Sons of Augustus II, ruled jointly from 1685 to 1702. According to reports dating to 1677, Rudolf Augustus slashed a way through the Lechlum Forest, the Alten Weg ("Old Way"), later the "Barock Road" between the Lustschloss of Antoinettenruh via the little barock castle [later the Sternhaus] to the Großes Weghaus at Stöckheim; in 1671 captured the town and fortress of Brunswick. After the death of Rudolf Augustus, Anthony Ulrich returned to the throne and ruled alone. A politician, art lover and poet, he founded a museum named after him in Brunswick; he had also Salzdahlum Castle built.
Anthony Ulrich
4 October 1633 1685-1702
1704–1714 27 March 1714 Wolfenbüttel Elizabeth Juliana of Schleswig-Holstein-Sønderburg-Nordborg
thirteen children
25 April 1625 1665–1679 18 December 1679 Calenberg Benedicta Henrietta of the Palatinate
three children Brother of Christian Louis and George William. As he left no male heirs, the land passed to his younger brother, Ernest Augustus.
Ernest Augustus I
20 November 1629 1679–1692 23 January 1698 Calenberg Sophia of the Palatinate
seven children Youngest son of George. Brother of Christian Louis, George William and John Frederick. In 1692, he was appointed Prince-elector by Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor, thus raising the House of Welf to electoral dignity. The old Principality of Calenberg thus adopted the new name of Electorate of Hanover.
1692-1698 Electorate of Hanover
George I Louis
28 May 1660 1698–1705 11 June 1727 Electorate of Hanover Sophia Dorothea of Brunswick-Lüneburg
(annulled 1694)
two children The electorship became effective under his rule. In 1705 reunited his father-in-law's princedom of Lüneburg to the Electorate. In 1714 was chosen for King of Great Britain, starting a personal union between Hanover and this new country. Lüneburg was definitely annexed to the Electorate. Thus the Wolfenbüttel was the remaining old land of Brunswick-Lüneburg that remained separate.
1705–1727 Electorate of Hanover and Lüneburg
Augustus William
8 March 1662 1714–1731 23 March 1731 Wolfenbüttel Christine Sophie of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Sophie Amalie of Holstein-Gottorp
Elisabeth Sophie Marie of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderborg-Norburg
no children Son of Anthony Ulrich. Ruler of the only land that was still not in Hanoverian lands, to which it would never belong.
George II Augustus
30 October / 9 November 1683O.S./N.S. 1727–1760 25 October 1760 Electorate of Hanover Wilhelmina Charlotte Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach
22 August / 2 September 1705O.S./N.S.
ten children In personal union with Great Britain.
Louis Rudolph
22 July 1671 1731–1735 1 March 1735 Wolfenbüttel Christine Louise of Oettingen-Oettingen
three children Left no male heirs, and his land passed to a collateral line.
Ferdinand Albert
29 May 1680 1735 2 September 1735 Wolfenbüttel Antoinette Amalie of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
thirteen children From the line of Brunswick-Bevern. Grandson of Augustus II.
Charles I
1 August 1713 1735–1773 26 March 1780 Wolfenbüttel Philippine Charlotte of Prussia
thirteen children Founder of the Collegium Carolinum in Brunswick, the porcelain makers of Fürstenberg, the fire office; in 1753 the Residence was moved to Brunswick.
George III William Frederick
4 June 1738 1760-1811 29 January 1820 Electorate of Hanover Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
fifteen children In personal union with Great Britain.
Charles II William Ferdinand
9 October 1735 1773–1806 10 November 1806 Wolfenbüttel Augusta of Great Britain
seven children Due to financial problems, was obliged to replace his father. He was the head of the Prussian Army; died in the Battle of Jena; because his son and heir died young, and two other sons were not eligible, rule passed to his youngest son.
With the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, the title of Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg ceased to exist. However, its successor states continued.
Frederick William the Black Duke
9 October 1771 1806–1807 16 June 1815 Wolfenbüttel Marie Elisabeth Wilhelmine of Baden
three children Duke of Oels/Silesia, the "Black Duke"; recruited a Freikorps (volunteer corps), the Black Brunswickers, at the outbreak of the War of the Fifth Coalition in Bohemia in 1809, and made his way via Brunswick to the North Sea and then on to Great Britain.
On the Eve of Napoleonic era, in 1807 the Duchy was briefly annexed to the Kingdom of France, to appear again in 1813 as Duchy of Brunswick.
George IV Augustus Frederick
12 August 1762 1811–1830 26 June 1830 Electorate of Hanover (until 1814)
Kingdom of Hanover (from 1814) Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
one child In personal union with Great Britain. Named regent of his father due to his illness, succeeding him after his death in 1820. Left no male descendants. The land passed to his brother.
9 October 1771 1813–1815 16 June 1815 Brunswick Marie Elisabeth Wilhelmine of Baden
three children Restored to his duchy.
George IV of Great Britain (regent)
12 August 1762 1815-1823 26 June 1830 Brunswick Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
one child Regent on behalf of the Duke of Brunswick, Charles.
30 October 1804 1815–1830 18 August 1873 Brunswick Unmarried On the eve of the July Revolution of 1830, Charles was in Paris, and did not manage to keep the duchy for himself; his brother William took over with the agreement of the people and his international neighbours.
William VII Henry
21 August 1765 1830–1837 20 June 1837 Kingdom of Hanover Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen
four children In personal union with Great Britain. Usually numbered IV as King of Hanover and Great Britain. As he left only illegitimate descendants, the land passed to his brother.
William VIII
25 April 1806 1830–1884 18 October 1884 Brunswick Unmarried
Ernest Augustus
5 June 1771 1837–1851 18 November 1851 Kingdom of Hanover Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
three children End of personal union with Great Britain, as in this country the successor in 1837 was Queen Victoria (in Hanover the Salic Law was still active).
George V Frederick
27 May 1819 1851–1866 12 June 1878 Kingdom of Hanover Marie of Saxe-Altenburg (I)
three children He was the last king of Hanover, as his reign ended with the Unification of Germany.
Albert of Prussia (regent)
8 May 1837 1885–1906 13 September 1906 Brunswick Marie of Saxe-Altenburg (II)
John Albert of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (regent)
8 December 1857 1906–1913 20 February 1920 Brunswick Elisabeth Sybille of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
Elisabeth of Stolberg-Rossla
no children The regency came to an end on 1 November 1913 when Ernest Augustus, Crown Prince of Hanover's son Ernest Augustus was permitted to ascend to Duchy following his marriage to Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia
17 November 1887 1913–1918 30 January 1953 Brunswick Victoria Louise of Prussia
five children In 1918, with the abolition of the monarchy, all nobles titles were equally abolished.
Duchy of Gifhorn
Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Principality of Calenberg
Principality of Grubenhagen
Principality of Göttingen
Principality of Lüneburg
Brunswick-Bevern
House of Hanover
House of Welf
List of the rulers of Lüneburg
List of the rulers of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
^ "Royal Arms of Britain". Heraldica. Retrieved 10 May 2016. The House of Brunswick Luneburg being one of the most illustrious and most ancient in Europe, the Hanoverian branch having filled for more than a century one of the most distinguished thrones, its possessions being among the most considerable in Germany;
^ Riedesel, Friedrich Adolf (1868). von Eelking, Max (ed.). Memoirs, and Letters and Journals, of Major General Riedesel During His Residence in America. 1. Translated by Stone, William L. Albany: J. Munsell. p. 29. I remain ever, Your affectionate Charles, Duke of Brunswick and Lüneburg. Brunswick, February 14, 1776. To Colonel Riedesel.
^ "Le Duc de Brunswick: Sa vie et ses moeurs. Extraits der notes et ..." pgs 411-412
Map of Lower Saxony 1789
Royalty guide - Braunschweig
Royalty guide - Braunschweig-Lüneburg
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Duchy_of_Brunswick-Lüneburg&oldid=928822330"
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Home » Finger on the button of anti-chemical warfare
Finger on the button of anti-chemical warfare
Excell, Jon
Engineer (00137758);12/10/2004, Vol. 293 Issue 7665, p12
This article reports that a tiny-designed sensor which can detect an almost limitless range of airborne chemicals could provide a low-cost alternative to existing military technology. Owistone, the Cambridge University spin-out company responsible for the button-sized device, has received $2m in venture capital to bring the technology to the market. Billy Boyle, one of the company's founders, said the sensors are smaller, cheaper and potentially more effective than any of today's sensor systems used to detect chemical agents on the battlefield. While many existing systems, such as carbon monoxide detectors, are designed to react to just one compound, Boyle said Owistone's device can gather information about all the chemicals in the air. The sensor's application is only limited by the software that it is linked to.
Missile Interceptor Goes Beyond Iron Dome. Cushman, Jeremiah // Military Periscope Special Reports;2/21/2013, p1
The article informs that David's Sling, a layer in Israel's multi-tiered missile defenses, has been added by Israel in its defence arsenal. It is noted that a multi-layered missile defense system was being developed by Israel to deal with various threats. It is informed that David's Sling has...
Lockheed Martin invests $47.5 million in Salina plant. Tampone, Kevin // Business Journal (Central New York);3/23/2007, Vol. 21 Issue 12, p1
The article reports on the investments made by Lockheed Martin in its facility in Salina, Central New York which manufactures radar and undersea systems for the U.S. military and foreign governments. The investments included facilities upgrades in 2006 which came from contracts and government...
Rail Bracket, Grip NSNs Change. // PS: Preventive Maintenance Monthly;May2014, Issue 738, p44
The article offers a tip for purchasing the forward rail bracket and grip/bipod for M16 rifles. It mentions that their National Stock Numbers (NSNs) 1005-01-541-2476 and 1005-01-541-1772 have been modified. It also notes a suggestion in handling the joint chemical agent detector (JCAD) in terms...
Illinois battling to keep techies. Russis, Martha // Crain's Chicago Business;04/30/2001, Vol. 24 Issue 18, pSR18
Focuses on the seed-stage venture capital funding for high-technology company retention in Illinois. Legislation over state investment in venture capital funds; Scarcity of seed capital financing in the state; Confidence over the success of the state-assistance program.
Venture capital market tough for clusters. Palenik, Joe // Inside Tucson Business;3/10/2003, Vol. 12 Issue 39, p40
Reports on the problem of venture capital availability faced by high-tech firms in Tucson, Arizona. Other financing routes available for local plastic firms.
Venture funds grow slowly in Vegas. Miller, Valerie // Las Vegas Business Press;02/26/2001, Vol. 18 Issue 9, p1
Reports on the growth of venture funds in Las Vegas, Nevada. Sources of available venture funds; Increase of technology start-up companies.
High-tech pushes venture investing in Israel to new levels. Williams, Terry // Pensions & Investments;5/4/1998, Vol. 26 Issue 9, p21
Presents information pertaining to Israel's venture capital industry for 1998. Information on the establishment of the industry; Comments from manager of the National High Technology Group with Coopers and Lybrand LLP, Larry Buchshaum; Discussion on the commitment and investment in Israel's...
Otemachi meets Sand Hill Road. Stern, John // Computing Japan;Sep99, Vol. 6 Issue 9, p61
Discusses the third wave of United States venture capital in Japan. Firms that will invest in unlisted Japanese technology companies; Intel Corp.'s Corporate Business Development; View of technology firms on Intel's investment terms; Services that Nomura Securities offers to entrepreneurs.
Invest in Japan now, despite problems, say VCs. Etzel, Barbara // Investment Dealers' Digest;11/20/2000, Vol. 66 Issue 45, p6
Focuses on the opportunities for venture capital firms investing in high technology companies in Japan. Growth in the number of venture capital funds active in the country since 1996; Investment risks; Factors contributing to the rise in the number of venture capital funds in Japan.
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Reviews and Commentary
FathomEvents.com
You are here: Home / Human Interest / Vice President Joe Biden spoke with Slovak President Andrej Kiska today about bilateral relations, the NATO summit, and the crisis in Ukraine
Vice President Joe Biden spoke with Slovak President Andrej Kiska today about bilateral relations, the NATO summit, and the crisis in Ukraine
September 2, 2014 Comment Off 12 Views
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Readout of the Vice President’s Call with Slovak President Andrej Kiska
Vice President Joe Biden spoke with Slovak President Andrej Kiska today about bilateral relations, the NATO summit, and the crisis in Ukraine. The Vice President noted the strong bilateral relationship between Slovakia and the United States, and congratulated President Kiska on Slovakia’s Constitution Day on September 1. The Vice President also reaffirmed the United States’ steadfast commitment to NATO’s collective defense under Article 5, and welcomed President Kiska’s support for strengthening the transatlantic relationship and for Slovakia’s contributions to NATO. President Kiska noted that today the reverse flow of gas had begun between Slovakia and Ukraine, which can help Ukraine meet some of its energy needs. The two leaders also discussed the need to continue to impose consequences on Russia for its aggressive acts in Ukraine.
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The W Fund
Student Venture Associates Program
Venture Partner, Madrona Venture Group
Sector Expertise: Semiconductors, Materials Science, Computing and Communications
Patrick has more than 25 years of experience as a scientist, engineer, businessman, and venture capitalist. He is currently Venture Partner at Madrona.
Prior to Madrona, Patrick was at Intellectual Ventures for more than a decade running startup incubation, seed investing and technology commercialization with a special focus on Asian markets. Previously Patrick was a Managing Director of ARCH Venture Partners where he funded and built early stage startups for ten years. His investments included Impinj (Nasdaq: PI), and Innovalight (acquired by DuPont).
Before joining the venture capital industry as a Kauffman Fellow in 1998, Patrick held positions with AT&T and Bell Labs. Patrick led engineering projects in software development, speech recognition and network design. He also worked as a product manager in optical networking and a marketing manager for consumer telecom services.
Before joining Bell Labs, Patrick conducted research in Nuclear Physics at government labs in North America and Europe. During this time, he published many articles in scientific journals including The Physical Review, Zeitschrift für Physik and Nuclear Instruments and Methods.
Patrick has served on the boards of 18 venture backed companies, in addition to several non-profit boards. His current memberships include: Wipro Ltd, the Lockheed Martin Technical Advisory Group and the University of Helsinki Commercialization Board. He is an inventor on several patents, has written about innovation and is a frequent speaker at conferences. He is also the founding CTO of Xinova, an Intellectual Ventures spinout that pioneered an international open-innovation market network.
Patrick holds a PhD, MS, and MPhil in Physics from Yale, an MBA from Wharton, and a BS in Mathematics and Physics from the College of William and Mary where he was elected to Phi Beta Kappa.
ApplyContact
Copyright © 2020 W Fund
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Politics Elias Vahman - January 6, 2019
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MONDAY, March 4, 2019 (HealthDay News) -- Actor Luke Perry, who shot to fame in the 1990s in the TV series "Beverly Hills, 90210," has died of a stroke at the age of 52.
In a statement, Perry's family said he died Monday after a "massive stroke" suffered last Wednesday, the New York Times reported.
He had been hospitalized since a 911 call on Wednesday brought paramedics to Perry's home in Los Angeles.
The Ohio-born actor had made a recent return to television in the CW Network series "Riverdale," based on the "Archie" comic series. He played Fred Andrews, Archie's father.
However, it was his role as Beverly Hills bad boy Dylan McKay on "90210" that put Perry firmly in the spotlight.
Writer and director Joss Whedon, who worked with Perry on the movie "Buffy the Vampire Slayer," tweeted that the actor was "Funny, committed, and always gracious. He shouldn't be gone."
Stroke remains the fifth leading killer in the United States. While typically associated with people in their senior years, strokes can also hit people at much younger ages.
"It is more common than one might think," said Dr. Andrew Rogove, who directs stroke services at Northwell Health's Southside Hospital in Bay Shore, N.Y. "According to the American Stroke Association about 15 percent of strokes occur in adolescents and young adults, and this number is increasing."
And if a stroke does hit in youth or middle age, it's often more lethal, and Rogove explained why.
"As we age our brains shrink," he said. "When a young person has a large stroke, brain swelling occurs and because their brains have not shrunk as much as an older person they have no room in the skull to accommodate this swelling and the brain gets compressed and can lead to death. In an older patient there is more room in the skull to accommodate this swelling."
While it's unclear if Perry had any of the common risk factors for stroke, risks rise if a person smokes, has high blood pressure or high cholesterol, uses illicit drugs or has underlying heart defects. Genetics can also play a big role in stroke risk, Rogove said.
Strokes can be caused either by a clot (the vast majority of cases) or a bleeding hemorrhage. It's not clear which type Perry had.
Quick diagnosis and treatment is crucial in reducing the damage caused by a stroke. According to the stroke association, people should work F.A.S.T. to spot and treat a stroke. Look for:
Face drooping. Ask the person to smile -- does the smile look uneven?
Arm weakness. Ask the person to raise their arms. Does one arm drift downwards?
Speech difficulty. Is speech slurred? Get the person to repeat a simple sentence. If the person displays any of these key signals, it's --
Time to call 911.
As Rogove said, "'Time is brain' -- about 1.9 million neurons die each minute of a stroke. It is an emergency, call 911 at signs of stroke as treatment may help stop stroke."
Find out more about stroke at the American Stroke Association.
SOURCES: Andrew Rogove, M.D., Ph.D., medical director, Stroke Services, Northwell Health's Southside Hospital, Bay Shore, N.Y.; New York Times; American Stroke Association
Erectile Dysfunction (Impotence)
Acebutolol capsules
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M. P. Shiel
Matthew Phipps Shiell, who wrote as M. P. Shiel, was a prolific British writer born in the West Indies of an Irish father. His legal surname remained “Shiell” although he adopted the shorter version as a pen name.
Shiel published over 30 books, including 25 novels and various collections of short stories, essays, and poems. Arkham House issued two posthumous collections of his stories, Xélucha and Others (1975) and Prince Zaleski and Cummings King Monk (1977).
The Purple Cloud (1901) is his most famous and often reprinted SF novel. It has been variously described as both a neglected masterpiece and the best of all “Last Man” novels. It was credited as the inspiration for the 1959 MGM film, "The World, the Flesh and the Devil." Stephen King said it was an influence on his novel The Stand.
Other SF works by Shiel included The Yellow Danger (1898), The Lord of the Sea (1901), The Last Miracle (1906), and The Isle of Lies (1909).
Sam Moskowitz devoted a chapter to Shiel in his 1963 reference work, Explorers of the Infinite: Shapers of Science Fiction.
RE SFE Wikipedia File770
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Drama Desk AwardsRecapStage
‘Hamilton’ Sweeps and ‘Curious Incident’ Conquers: An Overview of the 2015 Drama Desk Awards
Emily Solomon June 1, 2015
By Bridget McCarthy ’17 / Emertainment Monthly Stage Editor
Lin-Mauel Miranda at the 60th Annual Drama Desk Awards. Photo Credit: David Gordon/TheaterMania
The 60th Annual Drama Desk Awards ceremony took place last night at The Town Hall in NYC, where Broadway, Off-Broadway, and Off-Off Broadway productions came together to honor an incredible year of theater in New York City. With Broadway star Laura Benanti as host for the second year in a row, there were a lot of laughs from the beginning, as Benanti brought her ‘co-star’ in from The Rockettes Spring Spectacular – The Easter Bunny (Rob McClure).
But all laughs aside it was a serious night of wins for Broadway-bound musical Hamilton. This innovative “hip-hopera” won a total of seven awards including Outstanding Musical, making this the first time that an Off-Broadway production has won the award over Broadway favorites since Little Shop of Horrors triumphed in 1983. Hamilton’s inventive visionary Lin-Manuel Miranda was also individually recognized for his creation, taking home Best Book, Music, and Lyrics, sweeping the competition.
As for the plays, it was also a successful night for The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time, leading the pack with six awards including Outstanding Play and Outstanding Actor for young Juilliard graduate Alex Sharp. Curious Incident also took home Outstanding Director of a Play (Marianne Elliot), and four well-deserved awards for Lighting Design (Paule Constable), Projection Design (Finn Ross), and Sound Design (Ian Dickinson).
Helen Mirren at the 60th Annual Drama Desk Awards. Photo Credit: David Gordon/TheaterMania
Dame Helen Mirren was deservedly given the title of Outstanding Actress in a Play for her role as Queen Elizabeth II in The Audience, a character that Mirren is no stranger to. Kristin Chenoweth won for Outstanding Actress in a Musical for her return to Broadway in On the Twentieth Century. Both Annaleigh Ashford (Outstanding Featured Actress in a Play: You Can’t Take It With You), and Christian Borle (Outstanding Featured Actor in a Musical: Something Rotten!), took home acting awards for comedic performances. Meanwhile, K. Todd Freeman was named Outstanding Featured Actor in a Play for his serious and honest acting in Airline Highway.
Both Fun Home and Hand to God were not eligible because they were nominated last year in their previous runs off-Broadway. Even though Hamilton swept the night at the Drama Desk’s, their wins give no indication as to who will take home the Tony’s next week, since they are also not eligible because they are off-Broadway. However, if last night was at all a hint as to how the Tony’s will play out, it looks like The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time will once again conquer.
For a complete list of winners at the 60th Annual Drama Desk Awards see below:
Outstanding Play
Outstanding Musical
Outstanding Revival of a Play
Outstanding Revival of a Musical
Outstanding Actor in a Play
Alexander Sharp, The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time
Outstanding Actress in a Play
Helen Mirren, The Audience
Outstanding Actor in a Musical
Robert Fairchild, An American in Paris
Outstanding Actress in a Musical
Kristin Chenoweth, On the Twentieth Century
Outstanding Featured Actor in a Play
Todd Freeman, Airline Highway
Outstanding Featured Actress in a Play
Annaleigh Ashford, You Can’t Take It with You
Outstanding Featured Actor in a Musical
Christian Borle, Something Rotten!
Outstanding Featured Actress in a Musical
Renee Elise Goldsberry, Hamilton
Outstanding Director of a Play
Marianne Elliott, The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time
Outstanding Director of a Musical
Thomas Kail, Hamilton
Outstanding Choreography
Christopher Wheeldon, An American in Paris
Outstanding Music
Lin-Manuel Miranda, Hamilton
Outstanding Lyrics
Outstanding Book of a Musical
Outstanding Orchestrations
Christopher Austin, An American in Paris
Outstanding Music in a Play
Arthur Solari & Jane Shaw, Tamburlaine the Great
Outstanding Set Design
Bob Crowley, An American in Paris
Outstanding Costume Design
Catherine Zuber, Gigi
For the complete list of Drama Desk Award nominations visit: http://dramadeskawards.com/2015-nominations/
Missed the ceremony last night? Check out the entire 60th Annual Drama Desk Awards here.
Winners and Losers at the 2015 Drama Desk Awards: Why the Results Make This Year’s Tony Awards Even More Exciting
Snubs and Surprises at the 2015 Drama Desk Awards Nominations
Watch the 60th Annual Drama Desk Awards Hosted by Laura Benanti
Alex Sharp from ‘Curious Incident’ Discusses His First Drama Desk Award Win, Working with Puppies and ‘Hamilton’
60th Annual Drama Desk Awards: Goldsberry, Ashford and Fairchild Discuss Their Big Wins
Top 10 Musicals/Plays Opening This Spring
Airline Highway Alex Sharp Annaleigh Ashford Broadway Christian Borle Drama Desk Awards Fun Home Hamilton Hand to God Helen Mirren K. Todd Freeman Kristin Chenoweth Laura Benanti Lin-Manuel Miranda Off-Broadway Something Rotten! Stage The Audience The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time Theater theatre You Can't Take It With You
Review: "Mixology" Series Premiere
Top 5 Nintendo Games from 2013
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‘How to Get Away with Murder’ Review/Recap: “Let’s Get to Scooping”
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Martin Armstrong – Motion For Rehearing…
In yet another legal document Armstrong makes the argument that the rule of law is not being followed in his case. His attempts at appeal are being ignored.
The Wall Street Journal did an article in January highlighting Martin’s case and two others…
No Charge: In Civil-Contempt Cases, Jail Time Can Stretch On for Years
LAW JOURNAL/ JANUARY 8, 2009
By ASHBY JONES
One can spend a long time in jail in the U.S. without ever being charged with a crime.
It happened to H. Beatty Chadwick, a former Philadelphia-area lawyer, who has been behind bars for nearly 14 years without being charged.
Businessman Manuel Osete spent nearly three years in an Arizona jail without ever receiving a criminal charge. And investment manager Martin Armstrong faced a similar situation when he was held for more than six years in a Manhattan jail.
All three men were jailed for civil contempt, a murky legal concept. Some scholars say it is too often abused by judges, to the detriment of those charged and their due-process rights. "These results of too many civil-contempt confinements are flatly outrageous and often unconstitutional," says Jayne Ressler, a professor at Brooklyn Law School.
In some contexts, the federal system limits civil-contempt confinement to 18 months. Some states have similar limits. But in other states, judges face few restrictions on how long someone can be held in civil contempt.
A judge generally can issue either a civil or criminal contempt charge whenever he or she feels that a party has disobeyed an order or has disrupted a proceeding.
In a criminal contempt charge, which is aimed at punishing bad behavior, a defendant is afforded the due-process safeguards of the criminal system, including a possible jury trial.
Civil contempt charges, on the other hand, are meant to be coercive, issued to force behavior such as making a witness testify, compelling a journalist to reveal sources or strong-arming a parent into paying child support. Because civil "contemnors" hold the key to their own freedom -- after all, complying will spring them -- they aren't given the same due-process rights as criminal defendants.
If someone held for civil contempt can't meet the judge's order, theoretically, the confinement should end. And while long-term civil confinements are unusual, problems arise when a court doesn't believe the person. With the party and judge at loggerheads over, say, the availability of funds, it is often the contemnor who loses, forced to remain behind bars at the mercy of a skeptical judge. That has sparked cries for reform.
Consider Mr. Chadwick's case. In 1994, during divorce proceedings, a Delaware County judge held Mr. Chadwick in civil contempt for failing to put $2.5 million in a court-controlled account. He says he lost the money in bad investments; his wife's attorney claimed he had hidden it offshore. In April 1995, Mr. Chadwick was arrested and detained. Nearly 14 years later, Mr. Chadwick, who suffers from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, is still in jail -- even after a retired judge was hired to help locate the money, and failed.
"The money is gone," says Mr. Chadwick's lawyer, Michael Malloy. "The coercive effect of this order is gone; it has turned into a life sentence."
The judge who held Mr. Chadwick in contempt in 1994 couldn't be reached for comment, but he has said publicly that he doesn't believe Mr. Chadwick lacks the funds.
Few argue that civil-contempt confinement should be abandoned altogether. "The threat of jail is sometimes the only thing that will make a person comply with a court order," says Adam Winkler, a professor at UCLA law school.
For some, including Albert Momjian, the lawyer for Mr. Chadwick's ex-wife, the theory still holds. "There's no doubt in my mind that he has the money and could walk out of jail next week if he wanted to," says Mr. Momjian.
Critics question why the burden rests with contemnors such as Mr. Chadwick to prove they don't have the money, rather than with a prosecutor to prove they do. "It runs counter to our entire system to say 'It's your burden to prove a negative,'" says Brooklyn Law School's Ms. Ressler.
Another concern: While those sent to jail for civil contempt may appeal their confinements, appellate judges often will overturn lower-court rulings only if they find an "abuse of discretion," a standard that offers trial judges wide latitude.
Reformers hope that more states enact laws limiting the terms of civil confinement, as Congress did in 1970, when it passed a statute limiting the length of civil-contempt confinement to 18 months for those who refuse to testify in federal court or to a federal grand jury. After that, if civil confinement hasn't coerced a certain behavior, the burden would fall to the government to bring criminal charges.
"As a matter of due process, I think 18 months is enough in most cases," says Thomas Sjoblom, the lawyer for Martin Armstrong. Mr. Sjoblom argued unsuccessfully that the 1970 law should have extended to the situation involving his client, who failed to produce $15 million in gold and antiquities in a civil suit alleging securities fraud. "After that, let the government prove a criminal case." Mr. Armstrong is currently serving a five-year sentence for criminal conspiracy.
Of course, such a limit might give contemnors an incentive to wait, knowing that eventually they will be reunited with their riches.
Nonetheless, some states are modifying their laws. In the midst of the situation involving Mr. Osete, who was detained in Arizona from late 2002 to late 2005 for refusing to hand over more than $800,000 in alimony and interest payments, which he said he didn't have, the Arizona Supreme Court changed its rules. Now, Arizona courts must hold hearings every 35 days for those held in civil contempt on family-law issues, and judges must find that a contemnor has the ability to comply with the order.
Write to Ashby Jones at ashby.jones@wsj.com
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The Milestones of Madison Street Capital
Madison Street Capital was acting as the sole financial advisor for ARES Security Corporation according to an article posted by Press Release on 10th January 2017. Madison arranged a subordinated debt investment and minority equity for ARES Security’s clients. ARES Security is based in Vienna and is a pioneer company in enterprise risk management that offers a broad range of security software solutions. Corbel Structured Equity Partners were the providers of the minority recapitalization. This announcement was made by Charles Botchway who is the CEO of Madison Street Capital. Reginald McGaugh is the senior managing director at Madison Street Capital. She was the leader of the transaction.
Reginald McGaugh stated that it was a tremendous honor for them to work with Ben Eazzetta during the announcement. Ben is the President and Shareholder of ARES Security. Reginald further said that ARES Security is a unique company that has top-notch technology solutions that protect the most critical assets of the world. She also said that ARES Security has an advanced management board and team that challenged them to look for the right financing partner. Ben Eazzetta is the President at ARES Security. He said that their company appreciates the Madison Street Capital team for the work they did for them in 2016. He added that ARES Security was happy with the whole process including the valuation analysis, due diligence, and the process of raising capital.
Partnering with Corbel to structure the investment is the best way towards building a major equity value according to ARES Security. The flexible capital solution at Corbel and its supportive partnership allow ARES Security to go on with its significant sales and also to capitalize on revenue opportunities.
Madison Street Capital is a global investment banking company that is committed to leadership, integrity, service, and excellence in delivering financial opinions, expertise in mergers and acquisitions, services in corporate financial advisory, and services in valuation to private and public businesses. Madison Street Capital reputation has been built over the years as a reliable and efficient investment banking firm. The services offered by Madison Street Capital enable their clients to thrive in the international marketplace. Emerging markets are the main elements that drive the international growth of their customers. The firm has team professionals who are experienced, knowledgeable, and with extensive relationships. The company has been able t register massive success and growth since its inception. Customer satisfaction is the top priority at Madison Street Capital. They always endeavor to grow their customer base.
Categories Financial Advisors1 Comment
What Does Bumble Provide That Other Apps Don’t?
March 20, 2017 July 11, 2017 by admin
Whitney Wolfe is the woman behind such apps like Tinder and Bumble. Her work in the online dating community is what has catapulted her to achieving not just great money but great respect.
Whitney Wolfe started off working for an agency that was responsible for creating and building mobile applications. She has built and created a beautiful little set of apps with the company and eventually left before she worked with somebody to bring Tinder to life. She built it and came up with the idea with a few other people and eventually left that venture to create her own app, Bumble.
Read more on Crunchbase.
Bumble follows the idea of creating potential relationships with the simplicity of either swiping left or right. Women have the opportunity to swipe right or left on a guy, and when a match is made, the woman must swipe right first. It’s quite the conflict for guys, which makes it great for girls to find someone because guys are ready to meet and connect with somebody. Bumble is a very active and professional site that has millions of users from across the globe. Countless people of all sexualities are on the site, and it’s the best way to meet genuine people.
As a location-based professional app, this is the right app to use to find people who are around you and nearby. Bumble has a long list of relationships that have already been made. Bumble delivers unique amounts of ways to find people, whether it’s using their paid features or even using the “undo” feature to get back the people you accidentally swiped left on.
For more info about Whitney Wolfe, just click here.
Categories Success Of A Woman1 Comment
The Career Achievements of Michael Zomber
March 7, 2017 June 28, 2017 by admin
Author and weapons historian Michael Zomber has had a very long and successful career. For over forty years, Michael has established himself as a leading historian of American civil war arms. Throughout his career, he has collected a number of antique arms from this era and studied their structure and function. As a result, he has become a leading expert on some of the most lethal weapons used during the civil war period. Learn more about Michael Zomber: http://www.prweb.com/releases/michaelzomber/shoguniemitsu/prweb4201744.htm
Along with establishing himself as a leading weapons historian, Michael has also had a long career as an author of novels pertaining to the American civil war and the Japanese samurai era. He has also been involved in the promotion of world peace by participating in a number of humanitarian organizations.
According to PR News Wire, by having a long career spanning forty years, Michael Zomber has accomplished a number of things. First, Michael has made television appearances on major television networks such as the History Channel. When on this station, Michael would reveal to the masses the history and significance of weapons from the Civil War era.
Another accomplishment of Zomber has been the publishing of his novels. Michael wrote numerous books that tell some intriguing stories during the civil war as well as events of ancient Japan.
One of the most significant accomplishments in Michael’s career has been in literature. He has written a couple of notable novels about the civil war era. These novels discuss the social issues that took place during and after the war.
In one novel, Zomber tells the story about a wounded man coming home to his daughter. They both cope with his injuries and life after the war. His other civil war novel talks about a Kentucky farmer deciding against using slaves.
Michael Zoomber wrote books about the samurai era as well. One of his most notable novels of the samurai era talks about the lives to two samurai who reveal their experiences with the culture and lifestyle of the time. All of these novels reveal some very good insight into the lives of ordinary people and how they deal with a number of conflicts.
Categories American Civil War1 Comment
Wen by Shaz Conditioner for Extra, Shine and Bounce
March 3, 2017 June 9, 2017 by admin
The Wen by Chaz hair products will give your hair more shine, body, and bounce. Chaz Dean, a Los Angeles-based stylist, has been in the hair field for more than two decades. Other than managing a celebrity client list in Hollywood, Dean founded WEN in 1993. WEN is a set of innovative hair treatments devised to fight the long-term effects of particular lathering shampoos. Today, the collection has a line of natural products including botanicals and natural herbs that help add moisture, sheen, luster and strength to your hair.
In a story posted on Bustle, a die-hard hair fanatic decided to try the WEN Cleansing Conditioner and confirm if it could transform her thin hair into luscious, healthy strands. If you have never tried the Wen hair cleansing conditioners, the products are typically an all-in-one shampoo, styling treatment, and conditioner. The brand boasts of the fact that these products work well with any hair type regardless of which formulation you try. The lady reached for the Fig version since it promised to give her hair moisture, shine, and bounce.
She divided her experiment into seven days. On the first day, she massaged the conditioner into her scalp as recommended on the product. She let the product soak for a few minutes before rinsing it off.
After continuing with her experiment for seven days, she concluded that WEN Cleansing Conditioner is an excellent product for people with fine hair and who can make a routine of showering and styling their hair every morning. So, whenever you feel your hair craves a little extra shine, then you should reach out for the WEN Cleansing Conditioner.
Try out Wen for yourself! Head over to the Guthy-Renker website or QVC.com to order online.
Follow WEN: https://twitter.com/wenbychazdean
Categories Hair Products1 Comment
Fabletics clothing is highly sought out for its quality and pricing.
March 2, 2017 April 4, 2017 by admin
A tremendously well-liked and decidedly triumphant internet merchant for fashion oriented clothing, Fabletics, is distinguished for their internet and physical shops that are a supplementary business venture of their parent enterprise, JustFab. The Online Business top 500 register sets the enterprise at number 98. The actress Kate Hudson is the founder of the enterprise. Fabletics always creates trends within the clothing community for their elegant, tasteful sporty clothing. Several deem Fabletics to be a swiftly expanding enterprise that manufactures high-class and style setting attire known commonly as “activewear” garments.
Fabletics started to develop their physical shop existence to a great quantity of fashionable malls in the U.S., back in 2015. In only 12 months they had achieved the notice of the esteemed magazine, Forbes, who reports that the enterprise will be creating nearly 100 physical shops for the “activewear” garment line from Fabletics within the forthcoming 5 years.
Internet retail business Amazon achieved global awareness by collecting 20% of the internet merchant arena. Likewise, Fabletics has achieved popularity around the world by building up 250 million dollars in three years of running their enterprise. Their patrons make use of a subscriber service.
Ever since the commencement of retailing, patrons were frequently under the notion that if an item is expensive to own, that it must be manufactured with genuine superiority and care. This isn’t an exceptionally pragmatic approach to making a logical purchasing choice in today’s world. There was a genuine drop in the financial system that forced consumers to look for merchandise with lofty purchaser comments, to find exclusive items that stick out from the ordinary and for enterprises that really make inquiries as to their patrons joy with their purchases.
There’s also been an unforeseeable shutting down of a majority of physical shops across the U.S.A. This is mainly in part due to patrons wanting to obtain items on the internet at cheaper prices from a range of diverse shopping options, choosing to head into the physical shops to browse the items personally. Fabletics has not experienced such a termination of their physical shops because of their unique business model. Fabletics subscriber plan uses the information gained from a buyer’s purchases and their associated review notes to make sure that buyers are locating the goods they are attracted to buying, in stock at their physical shops. This is made possible by taking the information from internet viewing of their goods and applying this to stock relevant, brand new trends in their physical shops.
The regularity of buyer commentary shows that Fabletics goods are evocative, tasteful and present a simple system to inspect an assortment of merchandise colors and clothing styles. Fabletics’ celebrated “how to fit” plan is well-known among shoppers to assist them in ordering garments that truly fit.
Sharing a little Peacock Blue love. We ?? seeing how you all rock the colorways of the month. #FanPhotos
A photo posted by @fabletics on Nov 17, 2016 at 5:26pm PST
Categories Fashion1 Comment
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Notes from Riyadh
Last week was supposed to be a good one for Al Qaida. The bombing of the Golden Mosque in Iraq would plunge that country into civil war, while a planned attack on a major Saudi oil facility would raise new fears about the vulnerability of oil supplies, and send gas price skyrocketing.
Unfortunately for bin Laden and the remnants of his organization, things didn't quite work out as planned. While there was a wave of sectarian violence in the wake of the Samarra bombing, Iraq did not dissolve into civil war. Once again, as Paul Mirengoff at Powerline reminds us, the insurgents, Bush Administration critics, and the western media have under-estimated the ability of the Iraqi people to stand up to the terrorists, and continue their transition toward a democratic society. Iraq the Model highlights another key reason the country didn't slide into civil war: the solid performance of the Iraqi Army in restoring order in many locations. While Interior Ministry and police units fared less well in dealing with the threat, the new Iraqi Army passed a major test last week, and dealt the insurgents a serious setback. Security remains problematic in some locations, but Iraq is a long way from civil war, contrary to many of the dire predictions made last week.
That brings us to the second event that was designed to bolster Al Qaida's fortunes, the attempted bombing of a major Saudi oil facility. When it became apparent that the bombing had failed, the story quickly faded. But details of the plot have emerged in recent days, and they provide new insight into the operational capabilities of Al Qaida's Arabian Peninsula affiliate.
According to press accounts, Al Qaida operatives, riding in two vehicles, managed to penetrate the initial security screen at the Armaco Facility at Abqiaq, one of the largest oil refineries in eastern Saudi Arabia. After opening fire on security guards at the first checkpoint, they drove on to a second control point, where they encountered stiff resistance. In the ensuing gun battle with security teams, both vehicles were detonated, killing at least five terrorists. Two of Saudi Arabia's fifteen most-wanted terrorists may have died in the attack, including Fahd al-Juwayr, Al-Qaida's master bomb maker on the Arabian Peninsula.
It's not surprising that terrorists attempted to strike the Abqiaq complex; by some estimates, as much as two-thirds of Saudi Arabia's oil moves through the refinery and its storage facilities before export. Crippling the Abqiaq complex could have a devastating effect on the world oil market--something Al Qaida clearly hoped to achieve.
But some aspects of last week's attack are puzzling. For example, the entry point for the strike poorly chosen; according to oil industry experts, an attack in the area where the terrorists entered would have inflicted little damage; perhaps the insurgents planned to drive to other targets in the complex, but were thwarted by security personnel, or (perhaps) Al Qaida was a bit sloppy or hasty in its planning efforts.
Equally puzzling is the participation of senior Al Qaida personnel in martyrdom operations at the refinery. The loss of al-Juwayr would represent a major blow to Al Qaida in the Arabian Peninsula, which claimed responsibility for the operation. As the organization's chief bomb maker, he's had a hand in a number of attacks in Saudi Arabia, and his skills will be difficult to replace. al-Juwayr's participation also suggests that the local Al Qaida affiliate may be having trouble attracting quality recruits who are willing to die for the cause.
Despite last week's success, the terrorist threat to Saudi oil facilities will continue. But as the Abqiaq plot illustrates, Al Qaida in Saudi Arabia has its own problems that may complicate future attack plans. As in Iraq, the terrorists in Saudi Arabia suffered a major defeat last week, but that won't stop them from trying again.
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« So true
Misdemeanor terrorism and Jewish sovereignty »
‘Highest levels’ of US Administration deny Jewish history
Material for canceled UNESCO Jewish exhibit
I’ve been complaining about the Obama Administration a lot recently, particularly about its insistence on Israeli concessions to the PLO for an impossible peace deal, and for its enabling Iran’s nuclear program. But even more shocking — because it puts the administration’s ideological opposition to the very foundation of the Jewish state on display — is this:
UNESCO, the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization, has pulled a Jewish exhibit two years in the making, entitled “People, Book, Land – The 3,500 Year Relationship of the Jewish People and the Land of Israel,” after a zero hour protest from the Arab League, The Algemeiner has learned.
The exhibit, which was created by Los Angeles-based Jewish human rights group the Simon Wiesenthal Center (SWC) together with UNESCO, was scheduled to open on January 20th, 2014, at UNESCO’s Paris headquarters. The invitations had already gone out, and the fully prepared exhibition material was already in place. The display was co-sponsored by Israel, Canada and Montenegro.
It is not surprising that the Arab League is opposed to anything that suggests that Jewish sovereignty in the Middle East has any legitimacy. But the stunning part is that prior to the Arab League’s objection, the State Department withdrew the US as a sponsor of the exhibition, using language almost identical to that of the Arab League! Here is the US position:
“At this sensitive juncture in the ongoing Middle East peace process, and after thoughtful consideration with review at the highest levels, we have made the decision that the United States will not be able to co-sponsor the current exhibit during its display at UNESCO headquarters,” wrote Kelly O. Siekman, Director at the Office of UNESCO Affairs of the State Department, in an email seen by The Algemeiner. [my emphasis]
J. E. Dyer writes,
What’s so damaging to the peace process … about a Jewish history exhibit? According to the Arab League, it’s the evidence it would present of the Jewish people’s long association with the land of Israel. The campaign to suppress that evidence is a new lie, dating only to about the 1960s as a coherent political endeavor. It started with Yasser Arafat and other Arab politicians, and continues today with such grotesqueries as the assertion – made on occasion by Mahmoud Abbas – that “Jesus was a Palestinian.”
The appalling thing, however, is that the U.S. government is throwing in with this campaign, by tacitly agreeing that the historical truth about the Jews and Israel is inimical to “peace.” [my emphasis]
‘Appalling’ is too kind. I prefer ‘disgraceful’.
Could there be a clearer demonstration of the anti-Zionist, indeed anti-Jewish attitudes of the State Department — and indeed, since the decision was taken after “review at the highest levels,” the President?
Technorati Tags: Israel, US State Department, UNESCO
This entry was posted on Friday, January 17th, 2014 at 9:28 am and is filed under General. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Both comments and pings are currently closed.
2 Responses to “‘Highest levels’ of US Administration deny Jewish history”
Olgordo says:
Outrageous! What a follow on from your article: ‘ take off the golden handcuffs’! Israel should shake off this perfidious US pretence of an alliance.
Shalom Freedman says:
One hand apparently does not know what the other hand is doing. Samantha Power came out strongly in favor of the exhibition, and I believe there was a U.S. government statement supporting it.
Can it be parts of the government are working against each other? Is it possible that the President did not know about this?
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Year Book and Register of the Church of the Unity, Waterman Avenue Near Kingshighway, Saint Louis, Missouri, 1928
This publication of the Church of the Unity includes (1) lists of students in the various departments of the church school. (These entries include the student's name and address.) (2) A list of marriages. (These entries include the name of the bride and groom and the year of the marriage.) (3) A list of christenings. (These entries include the name of the individual who was christened and the name of his/her father.) (4) A memorial list. (These entries include the decedent's name and the year of death.) (5) A church membership roster. (These entries include the member's name and address.) (6) Business advertisements. (7) Names of church members who are mentioned in various lists.
Location: Churches Collection, Archives
Categories: Religious
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