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MANAGER: A very good advert for League Two football
Keith Curle with his reaction to the Grimsby away draw
Manager Keith Curle gave us his reaction to the 2-2 away draw at Blundell Park on Tuesday night.
“I think that was a very good advert for League Two football,” he said. “They’re a decent team. They’ve got good pace and movement and they can turn defence into attack very quickly. By and large I thought we dealt very well with their threat, obviously apart from the two goals they scored.
“It was a hard-fought game and we are disappointed with their goals. We gave them a penalty, then we left somebody unmarked in the middle of our box. To be honest, I thought the player should have been offside when he received the ball. I won’t know that for definite until I look back at the game.
“Some of our players appealed for that, but we do need to look at the clearing header that led to the whole situation developing. If you’re heading a ball to the edge of the box it’s dangerous because a shot from there can go anywhere, as we know.
“It’s the finer points like that which we will pick through. Overall the fair assessment is that it was a hard fought point and it was very well earned in the end. We’ve come away from home and scored two goals, with a change of formation, and we’ve adapted really well.”
“Before kick off we knew they were coming into it off the back of a good victory against Plymouth,” he commented. “We knew they would be buoyant and the crowd would be expectant. We needed to nullify their threat and get a foothold in the game, which we did.
“For us, we reminded the players that there is now only one team above us, and we want that top spot. We’re a side every team wants to beat at the moment. The pleasing thing is we have a football club which is embracing challenges and it’s very enjoyable to be part of it. The players have given everything in this game and there’s been a reward for them at the end of it.
“We’ve got functional players who can play positions and rotate in midfield to nullify the opposition and be a goal threat. We’ve got goal threats on the bench as well, so we can change the dynamics of a game at the drop of a hat. Joe McKee came in at the end and played on the right of midfield and showed us another good option. We’re trying to get him to be forward thinking, so that will help.
“I think we need to continue with the Luke Joyce finishing sessions though. His opportunity had everything we replicate in those sessions, so we’re slightly disappointed because I can guarantee that 100% of balls which go over the bar have got absolutely no chance of going in. He’s disappointed because that’s one of the things he’s been working on in his game.”
Speaking about yet another showing of excellent support on the night, he said: “The fans were fantastic again, which is why we like to get up close and personal after the match. We want to make sure they fully understand that we appreciate their support, because it’s massive for us.
“It’s gathering momentum and if we can keep increasing the numbers coming to see us then word will continue to spread. We want as many people behind us as possible because we really do think good things are happening here.”
And on trialists Alexander McQueen and Kevin Wright, he said: “Both players are working hard and it’s a case of balancing the finances at the club.
“If we offer contracts we have to be able to pay for them. We said all along that we needed to get to December to see where our finances were at, so that’s what we’re doing at the moment.”
United PlayerHD subscribers can see an interview with Keith Curle now. Click HERE to go to the PlayerHD platform. Follow the same link for more information on United PlayerHD, and to subscribe.
Click HERE to see a clip from this interview on our YouTube channel. Follow the same link for more FREE content right from the heart of the club.
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12-year-old caught with knife and weed after gang of kids 'stormed Costa cafe'
Three arrests were made
Freddie Lynne
A 12-year-old boy has been found with a knife and cannabis after he and a group of other children were allegedly found causing havoc in a Costa café.
Two other children, a boy and girl both aged 13, were also arrested on suspicion of causing harassment, alarm and distress, along with the 12-year-old at the scene.
The incident happened on Sunday lunchtime (September 22) where a group of between six and seven children were seen damaging tables and causing a disturbance in the Costa café at the Arc shopping centre in Bury St Edmunds.
A witness to the arrests said they saw the three children being lead away in handcuffs by two police officers. They said one of the boys was "swearing profusely" as he taken through the busy square outside the shopping centre.
The Arc shopping centre, close to where the incident happened (Image: Google)
The trio were then taken to the Bury Police Investigation Centre for questioning. Here the 12-year-old was searched where he was found in possession of a knife and cannabis. He was further arrested on suspicion of possession of a bladed article in a public place and possession of cannabis.
All three children have now been released under investigation pending further enquiries.
A spokeswoman from Suffolk Police said: "Police were called at 11.55am on Sunday 22 September to reports that a group of 6-7 children were causing a disturbance at Costa Coffee at the Arc and tables were being damaged.
"Officers attended and subsequently arrested a 12-year-old boy, a 13-year-old boy and a 13-year-old girl, all on suspicion of causing harassment, alarm and distress under Section 5 of the Public Order Act.
"They were taken to Bury Police Investigation Centre for questioning, where the 12-year-old was further arrested on suspicion of possession of a bladed article in a public place and possession of cannabis.
"All three have been released under investigation pending further enquiries."
Local NewsFundraiser for children of Newmarket murder victim hits target in five hoursThe money will help support the two children whose mum was stabbed to death
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If you are interested in booking any of the comedians that are featured on this website please email me at mullaney3@blueyonder.co.uk and I will be happy to pass on your enquiry.
Alan Davies was driven from an early age to do one of two things; either nothing; or the opposite of what his father wanted. Fortunately, for him these two usually coincided, that is until the Autumn of 1988 when, after graduating in Drama from Kent University and considering the life of an actor, i.e. unemployment, Alan had to amend the former to next-to-nothing, as he had discovered stand-up comedy.
This new career did little to appease his father, which was fine, and for several months, little to appease his bank manager either, not so fine. Both were seduced by power of television. An appearance of LWT's 'First
Exposure', in the summer of 1989 as Alan Balgonie (a name taken from the road he was born in, the option of his mother's maiden name having been snatched away by singer-songwriter and former 'Animal' Alan Price), was a family hit.
Quickly reverting to his real name, he set off on a three month trip across Canada performing at fringe festivals and comedy clubs in Winnipeg, Edmonton, Vancover and Victoria.
The stress and strains of performing for an hour to a room full of bemused Canadians did anything but arrest his development, and on his return, he was good ... within two years he was Time Out's 'Best Young Comic 1991'. Busy demonstrating that a crazed vision is no obstacle to success. He was compared to Eddie lzzard, Ben Elton, Jasper Carrott and Tony Hancock. The nonsense only confused the young star but Julian Clary's comment that "he's got a lovely complexion when you see him close up", kept his feet on the ground.
He worked in Australia, America and Canada again, before appearances on 'Tonight with Jonathan Ross' and numerous other bits of television meant that by the end of 1992 quite a few people knew who he was, and some of his friends stopped ringing because they thought he was famous. Alan has been invading our living rooms again more recently as team leader on the BBC advertising quiz show 'Best Show In The World . . . Probably' and with his hit series 'Jonathan Creek'. Alan is now without doubt one of the hottest properties in comedy today.
"In a class all of his own." - Time Out
"Highly exhilarating." - The Guardian
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America and Japan in a Post-INF World
By Eric Sayers and Sugio Takahashi
How long do estimates suggest it would take the People’s Liberation Army Rocket Force to destroy all major U.S. air, naval, and logistics bases in Japan? Some have argued that the answer is not days, but hours. Let’s come back to this though, after first setting the record straight on how the U.S.-Japan alliance has found itself in such a dire position.
After five years of attempting to bring Russia back into compliance with the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) treaty, earlier this month the United States, at the urging of Congress, exercised Article 15 of the treaty and notified Russia of its intent to withdraw in six months. Unsurprisingly, Russia subsequently wasted little time in officially suspending its participation in the treaty.
As a result of Russia’s decisions, following Aug. 2, 2019, the U.S. Department of Defense will now be able to test and deploy ground-based cruise and ballistic missiles with a range of 500 to 5500 kilometers. The implications of this decision for Europe and the NATO alliance have been discussed at length. What has not been explored is how a post-INF world, and particularly the conventional missile aspects of said world, will affect the U.S.-Japanese alliance and America’s defense posture in East Asia. No longer restrained by the treaty, the United States will be able to work with Japan to explore a series of relatively affordable, near-term options to bolster the conventional military balance with China and impose new costs on Beijing’s military planners. The alliance will need to move carefully and with purpose to take advantage of these newfound benefits.
Read the full article and more in War on the Rocks.
The Jamestown Foundation
Quad Restrictions: Addressing PRC Investment Concerns in the Indo-Pacific
Washington has recently taken a tougher tack to growing inbound investment from the People’s Republic of China (PRC) by strengthening the Committee on Foreign Investment in th...
By Ashley Feng & Sagatom Saha
Sasakawa USA
For Japan, a Winning Formula is Cyber Defense and Innovation Offense
The already great and increasing importance of the cyber domain in strategic competition makes the need for Japan to advance its cyber-security and technology entrepreneurship...
By Krista Auchenbach & Daniel Kliman
No Safe Harbor
Introduction China is challenging America’s and Japan’s long-standing ability to uphold a peaceful order in the Asia-Pacific region. This is particularly true in the East and ...
By Patrick M. Cronin, Daniel Kliman & Harry Krejsa
Beyond the San Hai
The United States has enjoyed largely uncontested naval supremacy across the blue waters, or open oceans, for decades. The rapid emergence of an increasingly global People’s L...
By Patrick M. Cronin, Mira Rapp-Hooper, Harry Krejsa, Alexander Sullivan & Rush Doshi
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There are schools offering criminal justice degrees in North Carolina!
Click to browse online criminal justice degrees >
Schools Offering Criminal Justice Programs in North Carolina
Criminal Justice Degrees in Delaware
Criminal Justice Degrees in Virginia
Criminal Justice Degrees in South Carolina
Criminal Justice Degrees in Washington DC
Criminal Justice Degrees in Maryland
Criminal Justice Degrees in West Virginia
See All Schools in North Carolina
Schools in NC
Each year, approximately 1.6% of North Carolina graduates receive degrees in criminal justice. That means an estimated 3,460 criminal justice professionals graduate from North Carolina's 94 criminal justice schools each year.
The top-ranked school in North Carolina with a criminal justice program is North Carolina State University at Raleigh, which is located in Raleigh. In 2010, it was ranked 20th nationwide. In 2010, North Carolina State University at Raleigh graduated no students from its criminal justice program. Students at North Carolina State University at Raleigh paid $6,529 per year in tuition fees.
The second-ranked school in North Carolina with a criminal justice program is Appalachian State University, which is located in Boone. In 2010, it was ranked 27th nationwide. In 2010, Appalachian State University graduated 130 students from its criminal justice program. Tuition at Appalachian State University was $5,251 per year.
The third-ranked school in North Carolina with a criminal justice program is University of North Carolina-Wilmington, which is located in Wilmington. In 2010, it was ranked 28th nationwide. 10 students graduated with degree in criminal justice from University of North Carolina-Wilmington in 2010. University of North Carolina-Wilmington charged in-state students $5,322 in tuition fees per year.
Criminal justice schools in North Carolina, charge students an average tuition of $6,435 per year. But, tuition can be as much as $28,800 per year, or as little as $1,422 per year. In 2010, the following North Carolina criminal justice schools had the highest tuition rates:
Guilford College - located in Greensboro, students are charged $28,800 per year
Catawba College - located in Salisbury, students are charged $25,160 per year
Belmont Abbey College - located in Belmont, students are charged $24,403 per year
The following North Carolina criminal justice schools had the lowest tuition rates:
Randolph Community College - located in Asheboro, students are charged $1,422 per year
Vance-Granville Community College - located in Henderson, students are charged $1,454 per year
Southeastern Community College - located in Whiteville, students are charged $1,455 per year
A criminal justice degree from a North Carolina school... what next?
Special agent, private detective, security guard, bailiff, and paralegal are the professions of choice for a majority of criminal justice graduates in North Carolina. North Carolina had 54,480 criminal justice professionals in 2010. 15,770 of these criminal justice professionals were correctional officers, 3,660 were special agents, and 410 were private detectives. The largest populations of North Carolina criminal justice professional are working in the following counties:
Anson County - 12,290 criminal justice professionals
Franklin County - 7,050 criminal justice professionals
Bladen County - 5,010 criminal justice professionals
The government projects that the number of criminal justice professionals in North Carolina will grow by 11%. By 2018, there will be an estimated 64,620 criminal justice professionals working in North Carolina. The greatest growth for criminal justice professional is predicted to be amongst Paralegals, who are expected to increase by 27% by 2018.
criminal justice professionals in North Carolina earn $39,537 per year on average. But, salaries for criminal justice professional can vary. In 2010, criminal justice professional made as little as less than $15,670 per year or as much as more than $115,910 per year in North Carolina. The following counties in North Carolina have the highest average salaries for criminal justice professionals:
Anson County - $45,902 per year
Franklin County - $45,320 per year
Cumberland County - $40,580 per year
Criminal justice professionals in the following counties in North Carolina make the lowest salaries on average:
Edgecombe County - $29,570 per year
Alleghany County - $31,568 per year
Bladen County - $31,990 per year
The criminal justice professionals with highest average salaries in North Carolina were:
Private Detective - $52,120 per year
Special Agent - $50,990 per year
Paralegal - $41,650 per year
On average, the lowest paid criminal justice professionals in North Carolina were:
Correctional Officer - $31,720 per year
Security Guard - $25,530 per year
For more data regarding a career in criminal justice in North Carolina and to compare salaries with various related fields such as criminology or forensic science, take a look at the graphs and charts below.
Associate's Degree in Criminal Justice in North Carolina
Bachelor's Degree in Criminal Justice in North Carolina
Master's Degree in Criminal Justice in North Carolina
Certificate in Criminal Justice in North Carolina
Curious what studying Criminal Justice gets you?
Check out the different options and how they're looking in North Carolina
Security Guards 25,040 $25,530 8.1%
Correctional Officers and Jailers 15,770 $31,720 9.1%
Paralegals and Legal Assistants 9,280 $41,650 40.0%
Detectives and Criminal Investigators 3,660 $50,990 47.0%
Private Detectives and Investigators 410 $52,120 -57.7%
Bailiffs 320 $35,210 28.0%
Below are criminal justice related jobs in North Carolina
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HFF Orchestrates Financing for Purchase, Transformation of Brooklyn Asset
HFF secured $162 million in financing for the acquisition and conversion of Hall Street Complex in Brooklyn, N.Y., into a creative loft office property.
Barbra Murray
47 Hall St., Brooklyn, N.Y.
New York—Westbrook Partners and RXR Realty set their sights on the 665,000-square-foot Hall Street Complex in Brooklyn, N.Y., and with the help of HFF, the industrial asset across from the Brooklyn Navy Yard is now under their ownership. Acting on the partners’ behalf, commercial real estate and capital markets services provider HFF reeled in $162 million in financing for the acquisition of the multi-structure property and its metamorphosis into a creative mixed-use office destination.
HFF arranged the financing through Starwood Property Trust Inc., which provided a floating-rate first mortgage loan. Westbrook and RXR utilized the majority of the proceeds to fund the $161 million purchase of the Hall Street Complex from, according to New York City records, 9-47 Hall Street Owner LLC, leaving the remaining funds for the repositioning of the property.
The new owners’ goal: create coveted, creative loft office space. And, as noted in a fourth quarter 2015 report by commercial real estate services firm JLL, flex and retail space will also be among the Class A offerings at this site in the Flushing Avenue Corridor of Brooklyn’s Clinton Hill neighborhood. “RXR and Westbrook are uniquely equipped to reimagine the asset to accommodate the growing demand of Brooklyn-based tenants looking to grow within the market, as well as Manhattan-based companies eager to plant their flag where many of their employees live, work and play,” Christopher Peck, associate director with HFF, said in a prepared statement.
The timing appears to be right for the project. “[The Flushing Avenue Corridor] represents enormous potential for future growth, including ground-up development and redevelopment projects,” according to the JLL report, which concludes that Brooklyn “will continue its dramatic transformation into a competitive office market in the coming years.”
Image courtesy of RXR Realty
HFF
RXR Realty
Starwood Property Trust
Westbrook Partners
CenterPoint Pays $134M for Brooklyn Industrial Portfolio
Q&A: The Power of Green Financing
Rockefeller Group JV Wraps $60M Sale of New Jersey Asset
Prologis Inks New Jersey Renewal, Expansion
NY Approves 124MW Wind Farm in Broome County
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Ravichandran Ashwin tweets after a surprise ending of Game of Thrones
Ravichandran Ashwin, Indian off-spinner, expressed his views about the finale of the most epic season Game of Thrones which aired on 19th May 2019. Ashwin drove out a good lesson from the ending of it.
Talking about Brandon Stark (a character who was named the king) and said, "Who would have thought a free fall from the tower and a pair of broken legs would ever have a purpose?"
"It proves that there is nothing more powerful than destiny", he added. Game of Thrones was keenly followed by the cricket world for a month or so. They looked pretty much involved in the details and also shared their sarcastic views.
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Late-night shows cull comics from talent shows to internet
By Akiva Gottlieb
Tribune Content Agency |
Deon Cole was brought onto the “Conan” writing staff based off his stand-up performance. (Mike Windle / Getty Images for IMF)
With Netflix releasing a comedy special every week and YouTube offering a portal into both cutting-edge performance and the best comedy sets in history, it’s never been easier for audiences to access an endless stream of stand-up.
But for fledgling comics, there’s still no more game-changing showcase than a five-minute slot on a late-night talk show. The road to a sitcom, a production deal or even an arena tour often begins with a tight-five in front of a drowsy mass audience.
And now, the late-night shows are capitalizing on a stand-up boom by devoting more airtime to comics than ever before.
Michael Cox, who books stand-up for “The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon,” says when he started in 2015, the bookings were once a month, maybe twice. “Now I’m up to three or four times a month. And I know it’s not just me. Other shows are moving in that direction also.”
J.P. Buck, who books for “Conan” on TBS, confirms Cox’s assessment. When Conan moved from “Late Night” to his brief stint hosting “The Tonight Show” in 2009, he wanted to replicate the Johnny Carson model he grew up with, which meant featuring stand-up comics.
“So that’s why I was brought in here in the beginning,” Buck says. “It started out like twice a month, and now last year we were doing two a week. And we’ve turned these into projects outside just the linear show. Conan did a tour this past year and he brought six or seven comics along with him.”
For Cox, the late-night boom is an effect of oversupply: “There’s more stand-ups on air because there’s so much more content out there to be pushed.
"Two years ago, Netflix (started) releasing a one-hour special every week for 52 weeks. And those people were being pitched to come on and promote their special. There’s only so many spots — (meanwhile) HBO, Comedy Central and Showtime are also producing specials. There’s just so much more out there to choose from. So I have options to bring in even stronger people.”
Jessica Pilot, who books for “The Late Show With Stephen Colbert,” takes a different perspective. There might be a boom, she says, but it’s still difficult to find good people.
“I have a job because it is difficult. It’s extremely hard to put together a five-minute set. You have to meet standards … you have to be not (just) topical, but evergreen.”
The late-show scouts take several approaches to finding new talent. Cox is a guest judge on stand-up NBC, the network’s diversity initiative, and he’s visiting five cities this summer to do open casting calls. “So I get to see the whole range, from comedy club headliners to people standing in line overnight to get a chance to do one minute in front of a bunch of industry judges.I go from amateur to the professionals.”
Cox says he’s had about 10 people from that program go on to perform on “The Tonight Show,” including Jourdain Fisher, who is on the writing staff.
What does Cox look for? “It’s 100% their confidence — on and off stage. If I see someone who gets up there and commands the room … with unique, original, TV-clean jokes, I definitely go and approach them and have a discussion with them offstage.”
Buck also travels to find fresh talent for “Conan,” but says YouTube has been the biggest development affecting how he discovers new comics. “When I started out in stand-up, 18 or 19 years ago, it was a lot of VHS tapes,” he says. “You really had to travel a lot, and do showcases to really find people. Now I can work with comics in LA just as fast as I can work with them in India.”
He also credits fresh platforms for widening the field of talent. “YouTube really showed a lot of stand-up to kids who realized ‘Oh, maybe I can try that.’ And Netflix opened up U.S. audiences to (realize) that there are other markets doing stand-up. We’re not the only country that does this.”
He mentions a wide range of international comics who have been booked for “Conan”: Vir Das from India, Gad Elmaleh from France, Daniel Sloss from Scotland, Rose Matafeo from New Zealand and Becky Lucas from Australia.
Pilot takes an old-school approach, and says she is “out and about every night. I go to bar shows, I go to different rooms. And it’s a lot of word-of-mouth, too. Comics that I really enjoy have passed along names to me, and it’s been really helpful. I don’t do showcases. I prefer to pop in and catch people, sometimes, off-guard.”
The live experience is paramount. “I hardly ever book people just based off a tape,” Pilot says.
Buck, whose boss started out as a writer on “Saturday Night Live” and “The Simpsons,” looks for something else when considering candidates for “Conan.”
“At the heart of it, they’re all really strong writers,” he says. “You really need to strip away the personality and look at it on the page, and if the stand-up is really strong and written well, the performance is just there to sell it.”
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Deon Cole was brought onto the “Conan” writing staff based off his stand-up performance, and Pete Holmes got the “Conan” team to produce his first talk show after his performance. O’Brien came on as an executive producer of Rebel Wilson’s sitcom “Super Fun Night” after she performed.But if a late-night talk show is still the best way to validate emerging talent, it provides no guarantee of success.
New York-based comedian Ali Kolbert, who made her TV debut on “The Tonight Show,” says the relationships she made performing on that show led to her current job at the Comedy Cellar in New York.
“Doing a late-night spot gives you TV credit and some amount of street cred,” she says, “but the crazy thing about stand-up is the second you’re on stage in the club you have to prove yourself all over again. Great, you were on ‘The Tonight Show,’ people clap for you, [but then] the claps end and it’s time to be funny. It’s a good pressure to keep living up to.”
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Young Justice: Outsiders Trailer Is Intense And Packed With Villains
Jul. 20. 2018 7:59 PM
Fans have been waiting a long time for the third season of Young Justice, titled Young Justice: Outsiders, and we've finally been given a good look at some of the intense, emotional and villain-filled action that will go down when the show hits our screens.
Um...WOW. I don't know about you, but I'm going to have to say that I believe the loooong wait for Young Justice: Outsiders was actually worth it based on the five minutes of footage we get in this trailer. There's so much crossing and double crossing going on, along with a lot of emotional twists and general intrigue. Not to mention the ridiculous number of villains the team, which features fan favorite heroes and new characters, will have to face as they take on this daring new adventure. It really looks like the upcoming season will delight fans who've been looking forward to the show's return for years.
According to the official synopsis of Season 3, Young Justice: Outsiders will deal with some pretty heady stuff. The backdrop for the season is described as being one that will touch on "all corners of the DC universe," and that certainly seems to be the case considering the sheer number of bad guys discussed and shown in the trailer. The team will be tasked with stopping a metahuman trafficking ring, as well as dealing with the "intergalactic arms race for control of these super--powered youths." If all that drama (with aliens!) doesn't get you interested in Season 3, you can also count on new heroes Arrowette, Spoiler, and Thirteen joining in the fight, and it sounds like at least one of them will be a meta who's still getting used to their powers.
So, if you were hoping to spend the fall immersed in some jam-packed animated entertainment, it sounds like Young Justice: Outsiders will have you covered. Of course, if you want to get in on the fun, you'll need a subscription to DC Universe. Luckily we've known for a few weeks now just how much that will run you. An annual membership will cost DC fanatics $74.99, while those looking to decide on a month to month basis will pay $7.99 a month.
Young Justice: Outsiders is expected to land, along with DC's streaming platform DC Universe, sometime this fall. We've got info on all the announced shows coming to the service, but if you'd like to know what to watch in the meantime, check out our summer premiere schedule.
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Timothy Curry, Day Pitney
More from Timothy
Day Pitney
Preparing insurers for Connecticut’s new data security law
The Constitution State is one of the few to have adopted the NAIC data security model act
Connecticut Governor Ned Lamont on June 26 signed into law the state’s new Insurance Data Security Law (IDSL), implementing a new regime of information risk management and event-reporting requirements for insurance licensees.
When effective, the IDSL will affect the operations of all carriers, producers and other businesses licensed by the Connecticut Insurance Department (CID) but the impact will vary depending on an entity’s size, sophistication, volume of non-public data, sensitivity of data and reliance on third-party vendors.
The IDSL’s effective date was originally slated for this fall but has been postponed until October 1, 2020.
Having been prodded by the US Department of the Treasury in 2015, the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) undertook a multi-year effort to draft model legislation establishing national, insurance-specific standards for data security. It quickly became apparent that consensus on an approach acceptable to regulators, consumer representatives and various sectors within the industry would be difficult to achieve.
At around the same time, New York’s Department of Financial Services (NYDFS) promulgated its cyber-security rules for insurers doing business in that state. With a significant portion of the industry having become subject to New York’s cyber-risk management and event notification rules, the NAIC’s drafting committee was able to conclude its work and the model act was adopted in October 2017. That model served as the basis for the IDSL.
The often-inscrutable workings of Connecticut’s General Assembly can become even more perplexing during the frenetic days leading up to annual adjournment. That may explain the seemingly odd locus of the new IDSL, submerged almost 300 pages deep within the state’s 2019 biennial budget act. As a result, it was little noted that when Lamont signed the budget into law, Connecticut had joined the handful of states to have – so far – adopted the NAIC’s data security model act.
In summary, the IDSL creates two broad areas of compliance concern: security measures and event reporting.
The first relates to new risk assessment, management and mitigation duties of covered licensees beginning in the fall of 2020. These include:
The performance of regular risk assessments
The designation of a responsible employee, such as a chief information security officer
The maintenance of an information security program that is ‘commensurate’ with the size and complexity of the licensee’s operations and the nature of its activities.
Oversight by the licensee’s board of directors is mandated. Notably, licensees must require by October 2021 that appropriate security measures be implemented by any third-party service provider that possesses or controls non-public information.
An annual written certification must be filed with CID by each February 15. Effectiveness of the information security program provisions is delayed until October 2021 for small licensees (those with fewer than 20 employees) and there is a full exemption from those requirements for the smallest licensees (those with fewer than 10 employees).
Finally, exemptions from the IDSL’s risk management protocols are provided for those licensees already complying with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act or with another state’s information security requirements, if approved under regulations to be adopted by CID.
The second broad area of compliance concern relates to a licensee’s handling of ‘cyber-security events,’ a term generally encompassing unauthorized access to non-public information or to an information system. If the IDSL’s reporting triggers are met, a Connecticut domestic insurer’s notice-giving obligations are bilateral, in that they flow both to the commissioner and to affected consumers.
What is new for insurance companies depends largely on the size and extent of the licensee’s insurance operation. Those with a national or regional scope are likely complying with the New York requirements already. For them, the IDSL should not create significant new compliance burdens, although they will need to report to CID annually.
On the other hand, Connecticut licensees not doing business in New York (and not otherwise exempt under the IDSL) will face material new duties relating to data risk assessment and management. Importantly, these new obligations will not be merely internal. They will also extend to licensees’ third-party service providers.
The IDSL also modifies the Connecticut legal landscape pertinent to data-security event reporting. Currently, every ‘regulated entity’ has a reporting obligation for any ‘information security incident’, with notice to be given to CID within five business days of discovery under the commissioner’s 2010 Bulletin IC-25. The IDSL reduces the reporting period to three business days, and it narrows the reporting requirement to domestic insurers and to producers whose home state is Connecticut.
It also adds new conditions to the obligation, requiring a report only if: (i) information of at least 250 consumers is involved in the event, and (ii) there is either some independent state or federal notice requirement or a reasonable likelihood of ‘material harm’ to a Connecticut consumer or to the licensee itself.
Although the IDSL’s effective date is delayed for 15 months, there are several steps licensees should consider taking at this point:
Consider whether the entity has New York business sufficient to subject it to the NYDFS’ data security regulation, which is already in force. Compliance with New York’s regulations, if required, should be a top priority and should make complying with the IDSL much easier
For licensees with more than 20 employees, begin preparatory work (inventory of data, assessment of risk, board oversight and approval of program) before the October 2020 deadline
Ensure continuing cognizance of the obligation to investigate ‘information-security incidents’ and report to CID within five days under Bulletin IC-25, and be on the lookout for CID modifying or withdrawing that bulletin once the IDSL event-reporting regime becomes effective.
Connecticut’s IDSL addresses practices relating to security of data – whether in digital or physical form – that any well-managed insurance licensee ought to consider, if not already have in place. Licensees’ security officers and compliance professionals should review the new law’s provisions to ensure all technical requirements are being met.
In particular, Connecticut licensees should consider how best to comply with the demands the IDSL will impose with respect to oversight of third-party service providers, which may ultimately prove to be the new law’s most onerous impact.
Timothy Curry is a contract attorney with Day Pitney in Hartford, Connecticut. He rejoined the firm in June 2019 following a three-year term as Connecticut's deputy commissioner of insurance.
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Fake Hitlers on Parade
P. J. Collins
Adolf Hitler: Enemy of the German People
Coeur d’Alene, Id.: Independent History and Research, 2019
I don’t really get the “Fake Hitler” trope, but apparently it’s very seductive for some people. There is this compulsion to believe that the German Reichskanzler wasn’t the real Adolf Hitler. No, he was a body-double, a mole, a trickster, a false-flag actor, a judas goat sent out among the crowds to lead them astray. These ideas would make more sense to me if there were hordes of people out there, insisting that Uncle Dolfie was the One True Führer; but where I live, at least, these folks are pretty thin on the ground. People who come up with theories that Hitler was a charlatan are probably just people who spend a lot of time thinking about Hitler.
One of the oldest versions is the “Jewish Hitler” theory, which rests on the speculation that Adolf’s grandmother was impregnated by a young Jew when she was working as a domestic servant in the 1840s. (Nice trick there: The Führer gets to be both Jewish and the son of a bastard.) In recent years, new life has been breathed into this hoary fable thanks to the popularity of DNA testing. Ostensibly, some of Hitler’s relatives share an ancient haplogroup that also shows up occasionally among North African Jews and Berbers. So perhaps, way back during the Ice Age, before there were any Jews or Berbers or Austrians . . . but you get the picture.
That idea is a stretch, but it’s no less durable or likely than the “Hitler Body-Double” theory, according to which a Führer lookalike was recruited and/or cosmetically enhanced in the closing years of the war, perhaps later to escape in a submarine to South America, or maybe dying in the Bunker while the genuine Adolf, and maybe Eva too, fled to the pampas.
There’s also the “Hitler: Tool of Wall Street” idea. This had some vogue in the 1970s, although it has faded out in recent years, perhaps because it sounds too much like old Bircher conspiracy theories about the Trilateral Commission and Bilderbergers. According to this hypothesis, the Standard Oil companies, Henry Ford, the Chase Bank, and others funded Hitler’s rise in order to ensure capitalism’s hegemony, or something.[1]
Then there’s the “Sleeper Mole” theory, in which the Führer-to-be is actually an agent of an international conspiracy, groomed and put in play shortly after the Great War, beginning when a freshly demobbed soldier and police spy (A. H., age 30) infiltrated the tiny Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei in Munich. This sounds like the most far-fetched concoction of all, but it was already prevalent when English newspaper writer Douglas Reed first heard it in the 1930s. “I conjectured that this man-from-nowhere might in truth be the accomplice of Communism and Political Zionism,” Reed wrote some years later.[2]
And now, at last, I come to Michael A. Hoffman II (as he styled himself back in the 1980s; with maturity, he’s trimmed his byline), who has his own complex, nuanced theory of Hitler-as-charlatan. Hoffman’s notion is similar to Douglas Reed’s, although Hoffman doesn’t go all out and point fingers at Communists and Zionists. Rather, Hoffman’s Hitler is a provocateur and vandal; he took a nice thing and messed it up.
The gist of Adolf Hitler: Enemy of the German People is that there was a good and true NSDAP organization once upon a time, but it got hijacked by Hitler and his merry men. I gather this kinder, gentler National Socialist movement – we can hardly call it “Nazism” – would have been something like Hilaire Belloc’s medievalist Distributism, or maybe a Keir Hardie-ish Scottish Labourite idealism. That’s a foggy description, but it’s as close as I can guess; after all, Distributism and 1890s Labour socialism were likewise vague, and never solidified into anything you could point to.
For the author, and for us, it’s easier to look at history and say what Hoffman’s ideal German National Socialism would not have been; thus, most of the book is a bill of particulars against the political ideas that were supposedly subverted by Hitler and company. Per Hoffman, the uncorrupted NSDAP need not have wrecked the Weimar Republic. Nor would it have been sidetracked into anti-Jewish sloganeering (“anti-Judaic” in Hoffman’s idiom), or alienated such thinkers as Oswald Spengler and Gottfried Feder; nor would it have murdered Gregor Strasser and other founders of the movement during the 1934 “Night of Long Knives.” It wouldn’t have lost itself in such quasi-Kabbalistic occult nonsense as the Thule Society, or persecuted the Catholic Church. There would have been no need to stir up fear of Communism, because Stalin was far away and wasn’t going to invade Germany. (Perhaps the weakest of the book’s arguments.) A pristine and un-Hitlerfied National Socialism wouldn’t have picked wars with other countries; certainly it wouldn’t hurtled itself into the orgy of suicidal self-destruction that began in 1941 with Operation Barbarossa.
Anyway, that’s the general trend of Hoffman’s book. On the positive side of the ledger, the pure and good NSDAP would have banned usury and lifted Germany out of the snares of International Finance. This, along with peace and prosperity, would supposedly have been the major achievement of the Party. And as Hoffman continually impresses on us, opposition to the international banking system was Hitler’s major selling proposition for the Party in the early days, back before he turned coat and sold out to the usurers.
After all of this pleading, I am reminded of that cliché about Communism: about how it’s never really been tried. And that is the basic problem with Hoffman’s argument. The type of National Socialism we know from historical fact and fiction is so closely identified with the disasters of the Hitler era that counterfactual imagining becomes pointless, if not impossible. It’s as though obese people were to insist they’d only weigh 135 pounds if they were on Mars, ergo it’s Earth’s gravity that’s really at fault.
I’m not sure whom this Adolf Hitler: Enemy of the German People is aimed at. I didn’t think it was written as a corrective to Hitler Channel enthusiasts. It’s too obscurantist, written in a hectoring and didactic tone that repels rather than hooks the reader. So I was surprised to see in the author’s statement at Amazon that his book was “intended as an antidote to the Hitler hologram . . . which, tragically, has become something of a template for young radicals on the Far Right.” Now I’m wondering who these “young radicals” are. My general impression has been that such acolytes exist mainly in the fevered imaginations of hucksters at the Southern Poverty Law Center.
To put the most generous face on it, I believe the author is trying to salvage something worthwhile out of the murky and wayward political philosophies of the early twentieth century. Hofmann is one of those people who like to think a lot about thinking, but are too impatient to mold their insights into something beguiling and palatable. So he throws us a hunk of raw ideas and little-known facts, but doesn’t explain what we’re supposed to do with them. (So Gregor Strasser was a good guy – now what?) The overall effect, alas, is that the author is not really interacting with the reader; he’s working for himself, compulsively piling up details of inaccessible, hermetic mysteries. It’s the kind of stuff we used to see in 1980s ‘zines, or the RE/Search book series, or in some conspiracy-minded titles published by the late Adam Parfrey of Feral House, to whose publications Hoffman occasionally contributed.
[1] Two books invariably come up in this regard: Antony Sutton’s Wall Street and the Rise of Hitler, originally published by (Sudbury, Suffolk: Bloomfield Press, 1976), but in many editions since; and James and Suzanne Pool, Who Financed Hitler? (New York: Dial Press, 1978).
[2] Douglas Reed, Somewhere South of Suez (New York: Devin-Adair Company, 1951). Reed told versions of this story in several other books; this example just happens to be the volume I have on my shelf.
Published: October 31, 2019 | This entry was posted in North American New Right and tagged Adolf Hitler, articles, book reviews, Hitler biographies, Michael Hoffman, National Socialism, North American New Right, originals. Post a comment or leave a trackback: Trackback URL.
Alexandra Ormsby
First he takes on Austria, then most of Scandinavia and Eastern Europe, then France, and — hold your breath — England — then, of all things –RUSSIA, in the winter — and finally northern Africa –all with feeble and unstable alliances with Italy and Spain (?) — meanwhile arresting millions of his own citizens, mostly Jews and others he ‘suspects of treason’, and marches them off to massively expensive and time-consuming ‘killing farms’ — and we sit here debating whether he was a ‘hero’? My friends, it’s over, and we must turn our attention back to all of white Europe that remains and North America, where we are under attack. It’s all a wonderful intellectual historical puzzle, and we have definitely done it justice on these pages today, but I would like to know where we plan our safehouses for our future.
On this occasion I must refer to the Sachsen Wolf-Dieter Storl. His father was a German soldier in the East, his family emigrated to Ohio in 1953 when he was 12 years old.
As a scientist, he participated in drug experiments at American elite universities in the 1960s.
At the end of the 80s he finally settled in Europe with his American Hillbilly wife and his children (in an abandoned centuries-old mountain farm in the Allgäu).
He wrote the book “My American Culture Shock” about his time in the States. He has a strong connection to our Germanic roots, even if he expresses them apolitically.
He is open to “alternative” media and shows what he thinks of climate mania and homosexualization by skilful side blows. Unfortunately there is only little English language material available.
https://runesoup.com/2017/05/talking-ancient-plant-medicine-with-wolf-dieter-storl/
http://outofthisworld1150.com/guests/dr-wolf-dieter-storl/
At the same time he makes it clear to the Germans that they have a “false picture of America” (no wonder: Germans believe that “America” is its Jewish elite!).
In this trailer he sits completely unbiased in front of “Stars & Bars” https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=xtuYDniePrg
Only with evilization of fake “Nazis” you won’t be banned from Jewtube. The more of that sh*t the better. Watch interviews of “Dark Journalist” with “Doctor” Joseph P. Farrell, who is outright obsessed with Nazi topics. Main thing: it must be “entertaining” https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=EsRh_RcBFNo
Omouamoua
Leading circles in the US and Britain wanted war but did not talk war. Stalin wanted war too but did not talk war either, at least not to the outside world. It was a different story with Soviet propaganda intended for domestic consumption. This propaganda talked war under the banner of world revolution.
Hitler and the Nazis were confused. They talked war, or at least it seemed so, under the banner of righting the wrongs of Versailles and obtaining Lebensraum. But they did not really know whether they wanted war or not. When war broke out, German forces where woefully unprepared. Successes were mostly a matter of luck. Full transition to a war economy occurred only several years into the war, not earlier.
The Nazis had no plan and did not fool anyone. American and British elites and Stalin all had the plan of pitting all the other ones against each other. Stalin fooled the Nazis by signing the pact that gave him Eastern Poland. The Nazis duly attacked Poland first. Eventually they found themselves in a two front war. How dumb is that? Polish atrocities against minority Germans prior to the attack were backed by the British and the Americans. They also got the war they wanted. They fooled both the Soviets and and the Germans. The Americans fooled the British into believing that they could win WWII just as they had won WWI. It hastened the demise of their empire. The empire’s days were numbered anyway. Its quick demise provided the Americans with the opening they needed to become the next hegemon. Influential circles in the US fooled the US public into believing that war was good for them. Here is the hierarchy of fools:
The US public
The Soviets
The Germans
Hitler only ever made a single move that could be considered smart to some extent. By attacking the Soviet Union, he put Germany on the chopping block to prevent a communist takeover of all of Europe.
Hitler was a complex phenomenon. It is clear that he was a pawn in the grand scheme of things. He also had some leeway prior to the war. During this time, he had some successes with regard to how he ran the economy and drove out disloyal members of the German elite. This is why he is so difficult to gauge nowadays.
apollonian
Hitler, Germany: Parts In CYCLIC History Of Central-Banking, Spenglerian “Decline Of West”
Everything is so difficult and complicated for “Omouamoua” (and so many others): Germany and Hitler were attacked, pure and simple–and all in accord w. a sustained overall plan for world dictatorship/gov. Especially as Germany under Hitler/NSDAP had rebuilt so well and effectively (see David Hoggan’s “The Forced War”), the Jew and central-banking powers decided it was time to strike and continue to remaking the world for Jew world order and one-world gov. under United Nations–they’re still working at it, still in the saddle carrying the initiative, as we see, despite growing problems for the people getting wise to it all.
Thus Britain made an offensive alliance w. Poland, Poland making it clear it would be war if Germany didn’t give-up Danzig to be taken-over by Poles, as Poles had done w. much other German-populated territory, murdering thousands of ethnic Germans as further provocation(s).
Thus Brits and French declared war on Germany which had done NOTHING against Brits and French–they just wanted a war, having nothing better to do for their Jew masters running the central-banks legalized counterfeiting (again, see Mises.org for expo on central-banking, etc.) fiat-currency scam(s).
When one looks at things in view of one-world gov., one sees “NATIONAL”-type gov., as Germany’s, must go and be eliminated in face of world socialism for working classes, etc., all run and managed by the criminals behind central-banking operations, US Federal Reserve, B. of England, BIS, etc.
So Britain and France tried to line-up w. Soviets, who were too suspicious at first, but failing such alignment w. outright Bolsheviks, decided to use poor, stupid Poland. Behind everyone else stood Jew S A, so willing, even eager, to bankroll everyone else beginning w. infamous “lend-lease,” by which Russkies were enabled, w. trucks for mobility, and food, ultimately to defeating Germany which didn’t get its fearsome rocket and jet-engine weaponry on-line in time.
Proper analysis of history of one-world socialist gov. isn’t difficult, really–such dictatorship all fueled and energized by means of central-banking scam which so many people STILL can’t figure-out (hint: it’s just legalized counterfeiting, literally).
Thus WWII must be understood as mere following act to the first “world war,” which war was deliberately begun by Triple Entente conspirators, including the great Boer war which preceded–see “Hidden History: The Secret Origins of the First World War,” by G. Docherty and J. Macgregor, also ck their website, FirstWorldWarHiddenHistory.wordpress.com.
Hoffman, Just ANOTHER Failed Moralist Pretending To Virtue-Signal
Hoffman is a transparently horrible writer–except when it comes to analyzing Talmudism, as he does quite well in a couple of works of his. But when it comes to economics (or anything else, evidently)–like regarding “usury”–Hoffman literally knows nothing, and can’t even reason regarding the subject, beginning w. what “usury” is in the first place–for it’s surely not mere lending at interest, interest well-justified in the science and for matter of freedom-of-contract among humanity, obviously.
Worst of all, Hoffman is one of those putrid virtue-signalers, so self-righteous he stinks–a real Pharisee himself of the worst sort. And that’s what his book on unc’ Adolf is all about–to display to the Jews how he, Hoffman, emotes w. them against a hero who dared to fight satan’s front-line soldiers, the Jews. Hoffman wants to pretend only he is allowed to criticize Jews, u see.
Simple fact is Germany was attacked by the Jew-conspiracy, like they were in WWI, and Stalin was preparing a massive attack on the eastern front, confirmed in fine detail by Suvorov (or Rezun). Note Hoffman is soooo pathetic in attempted rebuttal of Suvorov, Hoffman can only cite what others allege and assert against Suvorov’s mountain of facts. Hoffman himself is capable of nothing but virtue-signaling–it’s his only purpose and desire, never doubt.
In Germany in 1934, it was continuous war against the Jews and cohorts who had concocted yet another plot, and Gregor Strasser was simply un-lucky amidst the tragic turmoil. People just fail to see the great tide of determinist history faced by unc’ Adolf and the Germans against the criminal Jews and their great central-bank operations (see Mises.org for expo on central-banking, etc.; use site search-engine for particular terms), consisting literally of legalized counterfeiting of fake currency, not real money, etc., combined w. the communist incubus, and United Nations world dictatorship.
So one sees Hoffman has no genuine arguments as he has no facts, his only real effort being in moralizing and emoting w. satanic Jews in his pathetic, self-righteous desperation, evidently in compensation and apology for speaking truth about Talmud–Hoffman is traitor to humanity and truth (= Christ, Gosp. JOHN 14:6) itself, and he stinks.
Digital Samizdat
Anyway, that’s the general trend of Hoffman’s book. On the positive side of the ledger, the pure and good NSDAP would have banned usury and lifted Germany out of the snares of International Finance. This, along with peace and prosperity, would supposedly have been the major achievement of the Party.
Of course, any half-way successful attempt to break free of the “snares of International Finance” would have led to war anyway. So much for the ‘death in June’ theory!
Martin Kerr
Concerning Adolf Hitler, Francis Parker Yockey wrote:
“After the conclusion of the Second World War, the opponents of the Hero of that war found themselves still dominated by his personality. Either they adopted his ideas and declared them as their own, or they continued to fight against them. There was no trace of a new idea independent of this Hero…
“In the heroic era, no military test applies, not the test of ‘success’ nor of anything else. It was Cromwell who inspired generations of men after him, not the later Stuarts who had his body torn to pieces by wild horses. It was Napoleon who inspired a century of leadership after him, not Ludwig XVIII or Metternich or Talleyrand. The heroic world stands immeasurably above the division of useful/useless. Cromwell won in 1688, long after his death and following disgrace. And in 1840 Napoleon had won, he whose name could be pronounced in Europe only with risk in 1820. The idea of Napoleon triumphed in the spiritual-political sphere, his personality in the heroic sphere. Who would accuse him now over the facts of the lost battles of Leipzig and Waterloo?
“Such will it be with the Hero of World War II. He represented the new, aesthetic type which will form and inspire all coming leaders in the West. The lamenting after the Second World War about his “mistakes” was simply contemptible. Every journalist and big-mouth knows better than the great — they just would not have made this or that mistake. No, for they would not have been able to do anything at all.
“Heroism is unique and cannot be wasted. As long as men survive, they will always be influenced by the Hero and his legend. He lives on in spirit and continues to take place in the world of facts and deeds.”
Posted November 2, 2019 at 10:59 am | Permalink
Cromwell certainly was a great man but the cause in which he fought opened the country up to its present predicament (isn’t hindsight wonderful?). Also, because Cromwell and the Duke of Montrose never met in battle we will never know which was the better cavalry officer.
HungarianFashionista
There’s also the “Hitler: Tool of Wall Street” idea,… or something.
Please refute Antony Sutton’s research, point by point.
In one of the appendices to “Which Way Western Man”, Simpson makes favorable reference to Sutton’s works and states that although he cannot find fault with his analysis of banking and international corporations, he felt Sutton ignored the JQ but did pass judgement on why he omitted that key factor.
Sutton’s analysis of Wall Street involvement in building up the Soviet Union during the 1920s and 30s is indisputable, the evidence is rock solid. Albert Kahn of Chicago provided blast furnace technology, General Electric built the turbine plant at Kharkov, and International Aluminium developed sheet metal capacity for aircraft use.
The Soviet Union was being prepared for war, but did Wall Street intend Germany to be the victim? It would appear Germany was given just enough financial assistance to make German rearmament possible.
a kullervo
Posted October 31, 2019 at 11:50 pm | Permalink
If one is to be concerned only with facts derived from post-III Reich (and leave the myths, as interesting as they may be, for the idle moments), some of the outstanding realities are:
1– The jews were provided with the most effective argument ever (“the forever victims”) to justify and whitewash any and all of their moves since then.
2 (or should I say 1b?)– Communism enjoyed a decades-long free pass which allowed the rulling of almost half Europe and a prominent presence and ransacking (material and cultural) all over the world, the consequences of which we are still witnessing – and “enjoying”- today.
All in all, Hitler’s place in history – from a “direct consequences only” standpoint – can only be summarized as a monumental “shoot in the foot” for everything White.
Just because things worked out that way does not mean that was Hitler’s intent.
“Intent”, in the present matter’s context, seems beside the point. The question is: was Hitler a pawn or not?
In my humble opinion, a valuable leader is one who can envision not only the consequences of success but also have a clear conscience of what the aftermath will bring to the common good. In this sense, Hitler and his direct supporters at the time clearly overlooked what was lying ahead or, even worse, completely ignored it. What is the purpose of leading an entire nation (and an entire set of ideologies) into defeat and, worse still, perennial shame?
In a fight, the individual can risk it all – because, in defeat, he will have to take the brunt of it; when leading a collective whole, one has to clearly assess the consequences of his deeds and intentions, because it is the collective (and, eventually, future generations) who will have to endure them.
Mankind faces two similarly important issues: a) people needing to be guided; and b) people wanting to guide them, but who are ineffective at doing so. If you are someone who doesn’t need to be guided, here’s my humble suggestion: steer clear of guiding others, even if they ask you to. Join people of your own rank, and let the ones who follow under both monikers a) or b) to deal with their lack of awareness.
(I’m not implying nothing – this is a mere personal point of view, one that I apply to my own life at my own expense. That’s why I wish to thank you – and all who help to make Counter-Currents a stronghold of sanity – for all the great work.)
“[…] and let the ones who fall under both monikers […]”
(My apologies.)
Comtaose
Agree with Greg. Just because Hitler lost the war to the combined forces of US, UK and USSR does not mean he didn’t intend to win or didn’t try his best to win, his faults and flaws notwithstanding.
If you haven’t done so already, please let me suggest the reading of Albert Speer’s memories. Perhaps it’ll cast another light into what “Hitler’s best” was.
(I’m not disputing Hitler’s qualities – I’m stating that his erratic personality played a major role in the outcome of the III Reich, along with the internal powerplays consuming the ranks.)
erika esch
Speer HAD to make an anti Hitler book. If he didn’t, they would most certainly have thrown him back in prison. More discernment is needed when choosing a book about the most lied about man in history
“Communism enjoyed a decades-long free pass” because of the Red Army. Causing an existential war just to beef up a military seems too stupid and risky for something a hidden global cabal would consider.
“Direct consequences only” standpoint, again: even if that Red Army proposition holds water, it just comes to show that reality prove them right, while the “hidden global cabal” remains in the speculative realm.
On the mark good sir or should I say Amen “You shall know them by fruits”
The insouciance with which the reviewer greets the murder of Gregor Strasser: the casual dismissal of a great crime with profoundly negative consequences for Germany— is representative of other iniquities, for example, Hitler’s betrayal of the anti-usury platform that helped elect him, and his mass suicide operation in Russia—that are blithely mentioned and then dismissed with indifference to the facts.
Moreover, outside the corpus of the “review” itself, P.J. Collins offers the following in a rejoinder to a comment:
“… it was a weak argument to say Stalin wasn’t a threat in 1933 or whatever…”
I have never said any such thing. I refer in Adolf Hitler: Enemy of the German People to the “Molech of the Soviet Union,” and acknowledge Stalin’s horrendous crimes.
P.J. Collins also writes in his rejoinder:
“The reason the rank-and-file populace gave Hitler a pass on such excesses as the Night of Long Knives, is that the NatSocs crushed the communist menace. That wasn’t a side worry but the central issue. Hoffman knows this, but is giving us sophistry to buttress the rest of his argument.”
This claim of clairvoyant knowledge is always noteworthy. It reminds me of the mind-readers who say that they “know” that WWII revisionists do indeed believe in the homicidal gas chambers of Auschwitz, and are “denying” them out of sheer perversity.
According to documents related to the ascendance of the NSDAP and Hitler’s popularity prior to his gaining rule, the “central worry” for the German people was the Money Power, as weaponized by usury, including by “Aryan” banks. I document how Hitler turned his coat in this matter after he achieved power. I don’t “give sophistry” to prove this. There are facts in my book for those who actually wish to cite or debate them, rather than issue a quick, sarcastic dismissal.
The murder of Gregor Strasser and other innocents was not mere “excess.” Hitler killed dozens over the course of the “Night,” some guilty, many innocent, and all without due process of any kind, not even a show trial having been accorded them. Hitler demonstrated he was the law. How can anyone regard Hitler’s murderous dictatorship as only excessive? What he did to Gregor and the others was a harbinger and template of what this “gambler at the map table” would do to millions of Germans with his grotesque incompetence and magical thinking.
Muhammad Aryan
There might be a case here of some behaving as more loyal than the king. Goring and Himmler exceeded their mandate by bumping off individuals they deemed a potential threat to Hitler.
David Irving writes in The War Path pages 71-2,
Göring had wantonly liquidated Gregor Strasser, Hitler’s rival; and there had been a rash of arbitrary murders in Bavaria – often clearly mistakes of identity. He learned that somebody had killed his old friend Pastor Bernhard Stempfle, an almost daily acquaintance of earlier years, who had helped edit Mein Kampf for publication.
Hitler’s adjutant Wilhelm Brückner described in private papers how Hitler vented his annoyance on Himmler when the Reichsführer SS appeared at the Chancellery with a final list of the victims –eighty-two all told. In later months Viktor Lutze, Röhm’s successor, told anybody who would listen – when his tongue had been loosened by drink – that the Führer had originally listed only seven men; he had offered Röhm suicide, and when Röhm declined this “offer” Hitler had had him shot too. Despite Hitler’s instructions, the seven had become seventeen, and then eighty-two. “The Führer was thus put in the embarrassing position of having to sanction all eighty-two killings afterward,” complained Lutze. Lutze put the blame squarely on Himmler and Göring. A report of Lutze’s drunken maunderings was sent to Himmler, and he showed it to Hitler – who characteristically took no action either way: Lutze was not disciplined, but nor were the highly-placed murderers.
One curious fact suggests that Lutze was right, however: in an act of ironic magnanimity that he was to repeat in after the failed Bomb Plot, Hitler ordered state pensions provided for the next-of-kin of the people murdered in the Night of the Long Knives.
Indeed. For readers interested in a first-hand report of the dismay felt by German nationalists at the direction taken by Hitler, this article is useful:
https://arplan.org/2019/10/29/socialists-leave-the-nsdap/#more-2207
While Hitler will be a controversial figure for a while yet I thought Hoffman raised some good points such as on p. 55 that until WW1 “Germany and Britain had never fought against one another,” and again on p.63 that there was a second attempt by the cousins at war to have peace but somebody wanted war. “At Christmas 1916, British, Canadian and Bavarian soldiers attempted again to celebrate Christ’s nativity and again were stymied by increased patrols, sniping and bombardment ordered from on high.”
Hitler may indeed have been used or a “player” in dividing Germany and Britain which I suspect Hoffman was hinting at.
… I thought Hoffman raised some good points such as on p. 55 that until WW1 “Germany and Britain had never fought against one another” …
Goodness! I’m sure Hoffman knows that Germany as such had never existed until 1871. Historically, England (and later Britain) had struggled to prevent any European power from dominating the continent. Witness their historic animus against Spain (16th century) and France (18th century). Why would their treatment of Germany–once united under a sovereign–have been any different?
For a number of years I’ve read Michael Hoffman’s books and articles. His most coherent publication is “They Were White and They Were Slaves”, but most of his other works, while interesting, are as the reviewer states, a collection of accusations lacking an overall perspective.
His two separate books on Usury and Renaissance Catholicism have the potential to be dynamite if given more historical research and a wider readership.
However, it must be conceded that perhaps Douglas Reed was onto something; the result of Hitler’s attack on the Soviet Union ultimately served the interests of international communism. Hoffman isn’t the first to attempt to place historical figures in a different historical light. “The Occult War” written in the 1930s by Leon de Poncins and Emmanuel Malynski, with some revisions / additions by Julius Evola, places both Chancellor Bismarck and Napoleon III as unwitting tools of ‘internationalist money power’. Both fostered forces that were contrary to the stated aims and philosophies of their respective states, so perhaps Hitler fits the same category.
Henry Makow is really into this. He had an article called “Hitler was a British Agent” that engaged in the kind of convoluted conspiracism you associate with Birchers and Muslims.
“One of the oldest versions is the “Jewish Hitler” theory, which rests on the speculation that Adolf’s grandmother was impregnated by a young Jew when she was working as a domestic servant in the 1840s.”
Well, make up your own mind:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jEjNPGzrbos
No won
Leonard Sax is a complete charlatan, and counts upon the viewer not to read the article. Read it, and you’ll see how weak his argument is.
Petronius
The part about Stalin being “far away” is incredibly silly. Well no, communist movements, all connected with Moscow, were militantly active all over Europe, and in 1919 had overtaken Munich for a few weeks. Berlin was always a target for the ideology of world revolution, because it was seen as the key to Western Europe. Eastern parts of Germany, such as East Prussia, were geographically pretty close to the Soviet Union (hell, there was an Eastern Front against Czarist Russia in WWI already), with borders to Poland or the Baltic countries which definitely where under threat by Stalin (and contained large ethnic German populations). And Oswald Spengler or Gottfried Feder would have gladly wrecked the Weimar republic in any case. Etc etc. Does this book contain any real history at all?
To your first point, I wonder whether Stalin would have been interested in attacking Germany if the German government had been less hostile to all things Slavic.
Hitler repeatedly tried to make peace with Britain and apparently saw (capitalist) England as a natural ally. He dispensed with anyone who was more tolerant of socialism – the Strassers exiled or murdered, Feder sidelined, Ernst Niekisch locked up (after a failed attempt to blame him for the Reichstag fire).
In light of Hitler’s earlier statements on Bolshevism and slavic nations, it’s not surprising Stalin felt threatened. Had a different strain of national socialism emerged, I think it’s conceivable that war with the Soviets could have been avoided.
The author asks- ‘So Gregor Strasser was a good guy – now what?’ and without having read Hoffman’s book I’m making an assumption, but it sounds like the point of the book is that Germany’s destruction in 1944-45 could have been avoided if German national socialism had evolved differently during the 30’s.
Otto Strasser said the German people wanted the German Revolution; what they got was Hitler..
In fact the Slavic people attacked and usually destroyed every non Slavic people. More than that the Eastern Slavs attacked and destroyed the Western Slavs with ferocity.
Stalin was just following the natural course, of which Hitler was aware.
Stalin had treaties of non-agression with almost everyone and finished attacking everyone.
@Petronius: Yes, the communists were mighty strong in Germany in the early 30s, and anti-communist fear wasn’t about Stalin. That was pretty much my point about how it was a weak argument to say Stalin wasn’t a threat in 1933 or whatever, so communism wasn’t a problem. The reason the rank-and-file populace gave Hitler a pass on such excesses as the Night of Long Knives, is that the NatSocs crushed the communist menace. That wasn’t a side worry but the central issue. Hoffman knows this, but is giving us sophistry to buttress the rest of his argument.
Does Hoff make any mention how the “good” alternative universe party would have dealt with the Versailles treaty and its consequences?
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Home / Lifestyle / Consuming Passions
Private Obsessions of a Remarkable Collector
Writer Paul Theroux has traveled the world by plane, train, horse, and foot. For his book North Star Africa, he went by canoe, "chicken bus," and cattle truck from Cairo to Cape Town. Along the way he amassed a lifetime of knowledge—and favorite things.
By Paul Theroux on March 30, 2010
About four years ago I saw what I considered a masterpiece of its kind in the Chor Bazaar, the so-called Thieves' Market, in Bombay. It was a reverse-glass painting of an Indian nautch girl—dancing girl—caught in a sinuous move, intentionally teasing, probably done in the mid- or late 19th century, with Chinese characters in black brushstrokes on the wood-slatted back and set in a decaying frame. I wasn't sizing it up. I was teased, indeed falling in love. It was an old feeling.
The collector's instinct, which is also a powerful appetite, begins with a glimpse of something singular, and a smile of recognition, as though the collector has noticed what Auden once called "a soul-bewitching face." The collector has fallen hard, but the feeling cannot be openly expressed or the collector's urgency will be betrayed. Meanwhile, emotion takes hold as the collector lingers, fizzing with curiosity. From fascination to acquisitiveness, the feeling deepens, becomes tinged with a kind of benign lust, and next a sense of calculation, and finally a blatant greed for possession. The collector's catchphrase, like the lover's, is "I must have it." So much ambiguity seems almost dangerous in its seductiveness. Yes, it is a kind of passion.
Money is the least of collecting's motivators. With enough money you can own anything and you can pay people to find the stuff. Collecting isn't about paying money for something rare. The need to discover is the driving force, making collecting such a complex preoccupation, it is almost imponderable. To avoid being self-conscious, I have not deconstructed my own impulse much. I tell myself that I am not "a snapper-up of unconsidered trifles," as Autolycus says in The Winter's Tale, and I insist that my travel has been enriched by this enthusiasm.
Another crucial distinction: Collecting is not the same as shopping. It has a greater affinity with hunting or, as I suggested above, in the language of desire, with the trawling associated with seduction, resulting in a love affair. Collectors are not merely possessors; they are themselves possessed by the search and at last by the objects of their affection. What lover doesn't know this?
In all collecting, effort matters more than cash, and uniqueness lends beauty to an object. Intimate knowledge and stealth are part of the quest. Since connoisseurship cannot be taught, collecting involves intense self-education. You must know the history of what you own—Avoir sans savoir est insupportable, as the saying has it. I find in my nearest big library books on collecting beer cans of the world, bottles, coins, Chinese porcelain, modern first editions, movie posters, seashells, and much more. But for many of us, there are no handy manuals or guides. What has sustained me over the years is the thrill of the chase. Add travel to collecting and you have the sort of passion that can sustain half a lifetime of pleasurable searching.
That reverse-glass painting was probably done by a Chinese painter in Gujarat, I found out later. The process of painting on the back of a pane of glass an image to be viewed from the front was European in origin (a cheaper and quicker version of stained glass), but the style of this piece was Chinese, the subject secular and unusually sensual. In the 18th century, Europeans introduced this technique of painting to India, where it flourished. The Chinese had learned reverse-glass painting from early Jesuits in China at about the same time or earlier, and some itinerant Chinese artists eventually got to India, where they produced many of these secular paintings.
I bought this beautiful thing and I looked for more. It wasn't easy to find others, but I was delighted by the variety I encountered—religious, mythical, erotic—and the out-of-the-way places where I found them.
With each new painting I was possessed with a greater desire to know more about reverse-glass painting in India. Barbara Rossi's From the Ocean of Painting, a survey of India's popular paintings; Glass Paintings: An Ephemeral Art in India, by Samita Gupta; and a piece by Roy C. Craven Jr. in a 1983 Arts of Asia magazine were helpful. With the passing years I have found out enough so that I can identify the good ones, the range of subjects, the various styles, the regional differences—places as distant from each other as Tanjore in the south, Bengal in the east, Gujarat in the west—and many artistic sensibilities at work, as well as the hands of Chinese and Indians.
As all collectors discover eventually, the objects of their affection become scarcer and more expensive as time passes and their taste develops and their connoisseurship ripens. But whenever I go to India, I look for such paintings. What entrances me is that though these reverse-glass paintings are superb, they are not treasures in the classic sense but rather beloved objects from a household created by an individual hand, someone with enthusiasm and vision.
Not long ago I was researching another area of my collecting enthusiasm, African artifacts. Verifying a piece, I found quoted in a catalogue a wise observation by the French philosopher Gaston Bachelard, who wrote (in La Flamme d'une chandelle): "Whenever we live close to familiar everyday things, we begin once again to live slowly, thanks to their fellowship, and so yield to dreams which have a past, yet in which there is always something fresh and new. The objects we store away in our treasure chest of things, in our small personal museum of beloved things, are all of them talismans for our dreams."
Bachelard, a great explicator of reverie, of the precious space in houses and of old-fashioned handmade objects, like oil lamps and cupboards, is an ideal philosopher for the dreamier collector.
It is hard for me to separate collecting from travel, which seems to me an associated activity. Traveling collectors are people I recognize. One of the greatest pieces of Marquesan art (now in the Peabody Essex Museum in Salem, Massachusetts) is the wooden carving of a graceful human hand collected by Robert Louis Stevenson when he was sailing the Pacific in the 1880s, looking for a place to live. The traveler Sir Richard Burton filled his labyrinthine home in Trieste, Italy, with his collection of African and Middle Eastern artifacts. On his many visits to Haiti, Graham Greene—one of the least acquisitive of men, but a compulsive traveler—became enamored of 20th-century Haitian paintings and ended up with a superb collection, some of which he mentioned in his novel The Comedians.
These travelers were not merely treasure hunting in distant lands but rather giving a point and purpose to their journeys. This is salutary because travel at its most rewarding is a solitary quest. I also have periods of thinking that travel can seem one of the most annoying, self-indulgent, even futile ways of passing the time. But travel should be about looking deeper into the world at large, into oneself. It is obvious that the study of the material culture of a place reveals subtleties in the history of its people. I don't think it is a rationalization to say that collecting is a creative activity as well as a spur to wider, more sensitive travel and true discovery.
The collector's passion is something I have felt my whole life, though really I did not collect anything for a number of years, not even books. I was nomadic from the time I left college in 1963 until ten years later, when I settled down in London. I had lived in Italy, in Uganda, in Malawi, and in Singapore. In this decade of traveling light, I had wandered widely: into the Congo, to Nigeria, to Borneo, to India and Burma, all over Malaysia, throughout northern Sumatra and East Java, and to Bali. I coveted much of what I saw but bought nothing. I hardly owned anything at all, was virtually possessionless, until I was in my mid-thirties. Where would I have put it?
There was another reason. In those days in Africa, most of the desirable artifacts had spiritual power and were in frequent use. Not much was for sale. I recall in the mid-sixties witnessing a frenzied all-night dance of the Agnoni people, called the Nyau, or the image dance, in the Malawi bush, at a place on Lake Nyasa, in the village of Mua: drums, masks, bells, rattles, headdresses, and a symbolic image that was paraded in the firelight. Around that time, on the southern shore of Lake Victoria, the Sukuma people held dance competitions at which they displayed elaborately carved human-size figures with movable limbs, called mabinda. It did not occur to me to buy any of the masks or artifacts that were used in these ceremonies, and probably the dancers would not have parted with them.
After I bought a house, my life changed dramatically. For one thing, with a real home, a place to return to, I became a bolder traveler. And perhaps the collecting passion itself depends on surrounding oneself at home with objects of personal significance. For the first time I was able to collect the things I saw in my traveling.
I set out from this first house in the early autumn of 1973 to take the trip I wrote about in The Great Railway Bazaar. On that trip I became an actual collector rather than an ardent fancier and I began to understand the joy, and the psychopathology, of collecting. I was deeply melancholy on this almost five-month trip alone. I missed my family badly; my spirit needed soothing. I had time on my hands. In Istanbul's Grand Bazaar, the Kapali Carsi, I spent days comparing jewelry and samovars and carpets. I bought some Seljuk bracelets. I took the train to Iran and in the bazaar of the holy city of Meshed I found an ancient blue-glazed tile. Going overland, I continued into Afghanistan, where had I wished I could have swapped my gold Omega watch for a crate of tribal rifles, with mother-of-pearl inlay in the stocks. I bought some small Mogul miniatures in Pakistan, some Rajasthani pichavais (temple paintings) in India, a dagger in Sri Lanka, a watercolor in Calcutta, a Buddha in Vietnam, and more. The larger items I sent home, the smaller ones I kept with me to Japan and on the homeward leg on the Trans-Siberian Express. In those days, a traveler with a glittering dagger in his bag was not viewed as a threat.
The Rajasthani pichavai, I learned, was from the temple at Nathadwara, an image of young Krishna, Shri Nathji. I found some of these in London, and the next time I went to India I searched specifically for more of them. Highly colored, beautifully painted, some of them quite large, they seem to me the epitome of the art of veneration—piety and skill given expression on a piece of cotton cloth. Thirty years later I am still fascinated.
In the late seventies, on the Old Patagonian Express trip from Boston to Esquel in Argentina, I discovered Spanish colonial paintings of biblical scenes, of Christ, of patron saints watching over South American cities. I could not afford expensive ones, but I found slightly damaged paintings, beautiful but needing a little restoration. I studied the subjects, the periods, the restoration techniques. When I was traveling in Ecuador, researching my novel Blinding Light, I found more of these colonial paintings and by then could distinguish between an original, a good copy, and a brazen fake.
I had first gone to China in 1980, a time when there were impromptu flea markets in many rural towns and villages. I found a large lacquer fish, a teapot, a scroll, a cricket cage, a jade bowl, some gilded lions that had been casualties of the Cultural Revolution. Back home, I researched the objects. The cricket cage, a smooth pumpkin-colored gourd with a minutely carved ivory top, interested me most. On subsequent trips to China and Hong Kong I looked for cricket cages, for cricket paraphernalia—food dishes, ticklers, fighting arenas, containers for catching crickets—and I educated myself to the point where by the time I set off to write Riding the Iron Rooster, that trip could have been subtitled "in search of cricket art," though I did not mention it in the book.
One of the paradoxes of traveling in the Pacific, as I did in the late eighties and early nineties for The Happy Isles of Oceania, is the discovery that not much of the traditional material culture still exists. There were exceptions, but on most islands where there had been wood and clay and thatch, missionaries and traders had introduced plastic bowls and tin pots, aluminum boats and canvas shelters and corrugated-iron roofs. If you want an authentic Hawaiian calabash or poi bowl or dogtooth-leg rattle, you will need to go to a dealer or an auction in Europe or New York. I have never seen any Hawaiian piece I desired for sale in Hawaii, though I have seen many in Paris and Amsterdam.
In quest of The Happy Isles, I found that canoe art still existed in some places, notably the wilder shores of New Guinea; on the Trobriand Islands and Palau, the outlying islands of the Solomons; and in Vanuatu. The people there are still making and decorating canoes in the old way. The epitome of canoe art is found in the splashboard and the prow of a Trobriand voyaging canoe, in the cleverly made and decorated scoops used for bailing the canoe, and in the varieties of paddle. On many islands the people are still firing pots or carving slit drums or making masks and war clubs. I picked up many of these objects, and I saw in some islands the remnants of an older culture, in particular the war clubs.
Collecting and studying Pacific war clubs has occupied me for the past ten years. Every island has its own form of club, with a specific purpose in battle, out of wood or whalebone. In Hawaii and Kiribati sharks' teeth were fixed to clubs, and the Maori fashioned clubs from pounamu, or greenstone. The Fijians created the greatest variety of clubs, and the successful warrior often inserted the teeth of his victim in the club head to give it greater power. Many Pacific clubs are works of art, and not battle-scarred at all, leading me to believe that they served the same purpose as ceremonial swords did in Europe—an intimidating object to swagger with. Many old prints engraved by European navigators show Pacific Islanders engaged in head-bashing, but quite a few depict men holding a gracefully carved club as a symbol of authority.
With the passing years, the traditional culture of Africa has given way to modernity, to Christian or Islamic conversion or to the dazzle of electronics. And by degrees African artifacts of all sorts have become available, even the masks from the Nyau dance and the marionettes from the Sukuma people that I coveted in the sixties. Of course there are dealers in the great cities of the world, but it is still possible to find pieces in Africa. And some of the simplest are the most evocative. I own a Baga snake sculpture and some Chokwe helmet-masks, Yoruba ibejis, and Lunda walking sticks, but I have come to see the beauty in a stool, a bowl, a comb, something that had been carefully made and used often in a village, the old, worn, everyday things that Bachelard spoke of. Such a masterpiece of simplicity and grace is the African tree trunk smoothed and shaped by the Dogon people into a ladder, used to gain access to an upper-story granary.
Any scrupulous examination of our pleasures, even our aesthetic pleasures, and especially collecting, will probably reveal deep down a twisted pathological condition. And it is impossible to be a collector and not to be overwhelmed by such an accumulation of worldly goods. As a collector I am always battling self-consciousness and trying to avoid the bigger questions raised by this happy obsession. I am given heart by Bachelard. In his telling phrase, justifying all the travel and effort of collecting, one could not do better than his identifying these objects as talismans for our dreams.
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DePauw hosts NCAA first and second round games
Prof. John Dittmer Cited in AP Story on New Database of Possible Civil Rights Era Killings
Former Delta Zeta Members Tell Their Story to CNN and NBC Affiliate
Tigers open season at Transylvania
Tigers face Whitworth in NCAA first round
February 26, 2007, Greencastle, Ind. - The 25-3 DePauw women's basketball team, which earned automatic qualification into the NCAA Division III Championship after winning the Southern Collegiate Athletic Conference tournament, opens national tournament play on Friday when it plays host to 19-8 Transylvania University at the Neal Fieldhouse in DePauw's Lilly Center.
Game time is set for 7 p.m. or 30 minutes after the conclusion of the evening's first game, whichever is later. The Pioneers earned an at-large berth into the tournament. In Friday's other first-round game, Denison (24-4) takes on Hope (24-3) at 5 p.m. The winners square off in Saturday's second-round game at 7 p.m.
General admission tickets for each night are $6, while senior citizens, students and children will be admitted for $3. Children under two years of age will be admitted free of charge as will DePauw students by showing their student ID card. Tickets go on sale when the gates open at 4 p.m. on Friday and 6 p.m. Saturday.
More details will be posted throughout the week.
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DePauw Chamber Symphony Performs Tuesday Before Beginning Tour of Japan
Josh Miller '97 is Business Development Manager at Airxcel RV Group
Elizabeth Seewer '16 Selected as Kentucky Derby Festival Princess
Prof. Derek Ford is Assistant Editor of Journal for Critical Education Policy Studies
120WaterAudit, Founded by Megan Glover '04, Chosen For Global Accelerator
In preparation for its Winter Term 2019 tour of Japan, the DePauw Chamber Symphony will play a send-off concert in Kresge Auditorium at 7:30 p.m. on Tuesday, January 8. The program is free and open to all to attend.
Twenty years ago, the Chamber Symphony traveled to Japan for the first time, during its “Coming of Age” tour in January 1999. Deeply moved through this cultural immersion experience and interactions with students of all ages, many participants considered the tour a life-changing event.
Over the course of this year’s ten-day tour, Orcenith Smith, founder and conductor of the Chamber Symphony since 1974, will lead a series of seven concerts, beginning Tuesday night with the performance in DePauw University’s Green Center for the Performing Arts. On Thursday, he will then fly with the ensemble to Japan for multiple concerts in Tokyo, Fujikawaguchiko, and Fujinomiya.
According to Smith, the 35-member DePauw Chamber Symphony is a select nucleus of musicians, chosen from the larger all-undergraduate DePauw University Orchestra, with a long history of impressive performances, both here and abroad.
Past orchestras have traveled extensively, performing over 125 concerts at 80 different sites in the United States and Canada, including Carnegie Recital Hall in New York City, the Royal Conservatory in Toronto, and the Kennedy Center in Washington, D.C. Since the early 1980s, the ensemble has also begun to tour abroad, including concerts in France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Japan, Spain, and Austria, where the tour was funded by the Austrian government.
The ensemble’s Japan Tour 2019 will feature music of Japanese and American composers and standard classical composers like Brahms, Haydn, and Johann Strauss, Jr. Keiko Yamada’s “Sunayma” and a Duke Ellington medley will highlight the breadth of material on the concert schedule. Unique features of the program will be faculty viola soloist Nicole Brockmann, who will perform English composer Gustav Holst “Lyric Movement,” and a jazz rock feature, “Watch Out!,” composed by Indiana’s own jazz violinist Cathy Morris, which she has arranged especially for the DePauw Chamber Symphony.
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‹ Making a Spring Impact • Going Beyond ›
Celebrating Progress in Tigre Grande
May 11, 2019 in Ministry, Progress by Dave | Permalink
It was five years ago when we last ministered in Tigre Grande, a small village in the south of Yucatán near the border of Quintana Roo. We had been invited by Rangel Vázquez and his wife Claudia, missionaries who were in the midst of restarting a church, which, 13 years prior, had literally been flooded out of existence. While the redemption story was encouraging, the situation was tenuous. They had yet to establish a permanent meeting place (photo, top left) and had found it difficult to gain traction in their attempts to reach the men of the village (top right).
However, on this past April 28th, the anniversary of the reformed congregation, those struggles were a thing of the past. Not only was the service held in their own building (top middle), but its very construction proved to be the encouragement necessary for several men to join the congregation—first to donate materials and labor to build the building and later to worship among the faithful who gather there weekly.
The Sunday service was a celebration of all that God had done among them. The current pastor, Yani May, a Bible school graduate and former student of ours (pictured in orange in photo bottom right), has not only been able to consolidate the believers who had been disbanded but has also successfully evangelized new ones. These received their certificates of baptism during the service.
Furthermore, the work happening in Tigre Grande is reproducing. Yani’s church has already served to stimulate the planting of another in Blanca Flor, but their vision is much larger. Fernando Diaz, the lead pastor of Príncipe de Paz in Mérida (pictured in blue in photo bottom right), who serves as a mentor to Yani, envisions Tigre Grande as a training center to reach the surrounding villages there in the extreme south of the state of Yucatán.
It was a joy, then, for our family to travel the three hours from Mérida to be with Fernando, Yani, and so many others who have been instrumental in the success of the work in Tigre Grande. Even Rangel and Claudia, now serving in the state of Chihuahua among the indigenous Tarahumara, sent greetings via video to recognize the efforts of the pastors and congratulate the perseverance of the congregation. I shared from John 15, encouraging them to maintain their connection to the true vine, placing priority on their relationship with Jesus Christ as they continue their journey into year six and beyond (bottom left).
Thanks for allowing us to have been a part of their history through your support! For our updated prayer list and links to our secure giving site, head over to our support page.
Making a Spring Impact
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Winning the War
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Tags: Church Growth, Church planting, Maya
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Sunday morning service: 11am
Sunday evening service: 6:30pm
Dovecot Evangelical Church,
424 East Prescot Road,
L14 2EH
secretary@dovecotevangelicalchurch.org
Copyright © Dovecot Evangelical Church. All rights reserved.
Paul’s letter to the Galatians was written shortly after his first missionary journey which took place around 45 AD. This makes it one of the earliest letters in the New Testament and possibly the earliest. Paul wrote to 7 churches, some twice, making 9 letters in total. After an opening line in which he identifies himself as the author, Paul usually goes on to give thanks for the Christians in that Church. The letter to the Galatians is remarkable in that it is the only one in which he does not give thanks but rather gets straight to his subject matter: the Gospel.
Although the Galatian Churches had started well were now in danger of departing from the Gospel that they had embraced. False teachers with a Jewish emphasis had come into the Churches after Paul had left. The Judaizers were teaching the Galatians that in addition to faith in Christ, they had also to observe the law of Moses in order to be saved. Paul resists this robustly and the letter makes the case strongly as to why salvation is not according to works but according to faith alone in Christ who gave Himself for us. Paul shows that astonishingly Christ was ‘made a curse for us’ so that He might save us from sin’s curse. Christ bore that penalty Himself in His own righteous person for the sins of all who believe. The death of Christ is for individuals so that every believer can say: ‘the Son of God, Who loved me and gave Himself for me’ (Galatians 2:20). The letter is relevant to all Christians, especially those coming from a religious background in which salvation is said to be through good works.
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Irish Emigrant Database
Today 40 million people in the US alone proudly acknowledge their Irish heritage. Now you can access a huge database of emigrants who sailed from Ireland in the nineteenth century.
Irish Emigrant Wall of Honor
You have an opportunity to honour your ancestor from Ireland in the land of their birth. Bring your ancestor home.
Book your next trip online in advance and save any disappointment! We look forward to greeting you.
Dunbrody: A truly amazing journey in time
About Dunbrody
Dunbrody Famine Ship is one of the premier tourist attractions in the South East of Ireland. Centred on an authentic reproduction of an 1840’s emigrant vessel, it provides a world-class interpretation of the famine emigrant experience.
Incorporating guided tour, costumed performers and themed exhibitions of the highest quality, ‘The Dunbrody’ provides a unique insight into the bravery and fortitude with which Irish people faced up to a desperate situation.
The Captain’s Table Restaurant
Located on the first floor of our visitor centre, The Captain’s Table is one of New Ross’ most unique dining experiences! Looking out over the River Barrow, the restaurant offers impeccable service along with a wonderful view through the contemporary glass fronted building. The Captain’s Table Restaurant is situated in a perfect location on the quayside of New Ross only a minute’s walk from the centre to town. Why not sip on a Java Republic Barista grade coffee and a homemade scone or something small from our Lite Bites menu while overlooking the bustling quayside of New Ross.
The Perfect Location
The attraction is located in New Ross, County Wexford. Central to the South East, New Ross is conveniently close to the towns of Wexford, Kilkenny, Waterford and Enniscorthy.
As such the Dunbrody is perfectly placed stop on any tour of the region. View Dunbrody Famine Ship & Irish Emigrant Experience Visitor info.
The Dunbrody Irish Emigrant Experience
The story of Ireland is, in many ways, a story of continuous migration. Many disparate groups came to Ireland over the millennia, each one leaving their mark on the character of the island. Early Stone-age settlers came, and were followed by the Iron-age Celts. Viking traders founded the first towns in Ireland. Christian missionaries built the first monasteries. The Normans came from France via England and Wales. They built stone castles and European style market towns. Later the Plantation of Ulster brought Scottish and English settlers.
These were the arrivals, but the departures are equally notable. For more than fifteen hundred years the Irish have traveled far and wide, as Missionaries, Mercenaries, and Exiles. The Irish spread religion and learning in dark-age Europe. They fought in continental wars, and they sought refuge from political repression in Spain and France.
The 19th century brought much hardship and strife to Ireland. The oppression of a disenfranchised majority inspired political conflict, and a burgeoning civil rights movement. In 1845 potato blight killed the staple crop of the Irish tenant farmers. This economic blow was exacerbated by the disinterest, and outright hostility, towards Ireland of British politicians. Due to the inaction of Westminster famine ensued. Within seven years, 1 million people had died and 1.5 million had emigrated. A new pattern of mass emigration was in place, and would continue for a century and a half.
Arrival to the new world
Irish America Hall of Fame
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Rider Profile: Rui Costa
Peter Cossins 2013-09-30T16:45:00Z
A look at cycling's new world champion
With Joaquim Rodriguez up the road alone, Rui Costa (Portugal) leads the chase group with Vincenzo Nibali (Italy) and Alejandro Valverde (Spain) (Image credit: Sirotti)
Joaquim Rodriguez (Spain), Rui Costa (Porgutal) and Alejandro Valverde (Spain) show off their world championship hardware (Image credit: Sirotti)
2013 road race world champion Rui Costa (Portugal) on the podium flanked by a pair of Spaniards - Joaquim Rodriguez and Alejandro Valverde (Image credit: Sirotti)
The national anthem is played for newly crowned road race world champion Rui Costa (Portugal) (Image credit: Sirotti)
UCI President Brian Cookson presents Rui Costa with his medal (Image credit: Bettini Photo)
Alejandro Valverde and Rui Costa on the podium (Image credit: AFP)
In hindsight, perhaps the biggest surprise about Rui Costa’s victory in the UCI Road Race World Championship on Sunday was that he wasn’t picked out beforehand as one of the favourites for the rainbow jersey. Winner of the Tour of Switzerland and two stages at the Tour de France this summer, the Portuguese who celebrates his 27th birthday next Saturday had top six finishes in the WorldTour races in Quebec and Montreal earlier this month and came into the Worlds as the undisputed leader of his national team.
Spanish world championship armada sunk by Rui Costa
Rui Costa cashes in big in world championship lottery
Sure, that team was only three-strong, but Costa did not allow that to constrain him in the last two editions of the Worlds, where he finished 11th and 15th on courses that didn’t suit him as well as the parcours in Florence. A proven one-day performer, particularly on hilly courses, Costa went into Sunday’s race knowing he had the form to capitalise on any opportunity that came his way, and did exactly that with a brilliant tactical performance.
Costa’s profile has been affected by his position among the second rank of riders within Movistar’s pecking order, below Grand Tour leaders Alejandro Valverde and Nairo Quintana. Back-to-back victories in the Tour of Switzerland and a total of three Tour de France stage wins would probably have earned him more freedom on other teams, which is why Costa will be heading for Lampre for the 2014 season.
Second at the Tour de l’Avenir to fellow 2013 Tour stage winner Jan Bakelants in 2008, Costa stood out in the under 23 ranks even as a teenager. A time trial specialist who was no slouch on the climbs, he was courted by a number of leading teams before opting to join what was then Caisse d’Epargne in 2009. Like many new pros on Spanish squads, he was blooded at the Classics, riding Sanremo, Flanders, Gent-Wevelgem, Roubaix, Amstel, Flèche and Liège that spring. Finishing Sanremo, Flanders and Roubaix underlined his talent and endurance, which was further emphasized when he went on to win the Four Days of Dunkirk that May.
That outstanding result and a subsequent 13th place at the Tour of Switzerland earned him selection for a Tour debut in his first season at the top level. Second place in Dunkirk and a stage win in Switzerland a year later earned him a return to the Tour, which he completed for the first time. However, at that point, Costa was hit by a positive drugs test. Both he and elder brother, Mario, tested positive for the banned stimulant methylhexaneamine at the Portuguese championships.
Released by their respective Caisse d’Epargne and Barbot teams, the brothers were able to show that the substance, a fat metaboliser/burner, was present in a supplement that were using and had been ingested unwittingly. Although they initially faced a ban of two years, a change in WADA’s classification of methylhexaneamine aided their defence. The product’s reclassification as a “specified substance” meant a lesser sanction could be imposed if it could be proven it had been ingested accidentally. The Costa brothers subsequently served a five-month ban. In April 2011, Rui Costa re-signed with what was by then Movistar. Three weeks later, he topped the podium at the Tour of Madrid.
Over the past two years, Costa’s rise has continued, although he has undoubtedly been overshadowed by the rapid emergence of young Colombian Quintana. His victory in last year’s Tour of Switzerland was the first by a Portuguese rider. That came thanks to an impressive summit victory at Verbier ahead of some of the peloton’s leading climbers. Eighteenth place at the Tour de France a month later suggested Costa also had plenty of potential over three weeks, although this remains largely untapped.
Those and other successes led to Costa’s selection as Portugal’s sports’ personality of the year in 2012, which was some accolade given he was up against Real Madrid’s Cristiano Ronaldo for the title. The footballing superstar may be wondering if he is going to miss out on that prize once again given Costa’s exploits since June, when he retained his Tour of Switzerland title. He has gone on to claim two Tour de France stages in just four days, before taking the rainbow jersey in Florence.
Movistar, too, may be wondering about Costa’s performances and their decision to let him leave. Not only are they set to miss out on the prestige of having the world champion in their ranks next year, but they may yet find they have released an exceptional grand tour contender. At the same time, Lampre will scarcely believe their luck. Almost non-existent on this year’s Tour, they now have a focus for next year’s race in the shape of the new world champion, a rider who can climb and time trial with the best, has the endurance to thrive over three weeks, and has now shown how canny he can be even when the odds are stacked against him.
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Better livorange rubber wristbandselihoods reflect better human rights
Choose Wisely When Choosing A Customized Rubber Bracelet Supplier Understand Emo. Emo has a lot of meanings. It"s a musical genre combining hardcore music with sad, emotional lyrics. It"s an abbreviated way to label someone emotional. It"s a lifestyle type. It"s a combination of some or all of these elements of type, vogue, culture. It"s open for debate and typically depends on a person"s personal expression. The phrase "Emo" loosely describes emotional rock, and most Emo"s like Indie music. Have a bracelet fundraiser. Bracelets have become really common, particularly debossed wristbands, and would be a scorching offering item. They can be purchased for a very realistic price, specifically if you purchase them from a dollar retailer supplier online, and have the prospective to deliver in a good deal of cash. First Anniversary Personalized Poem is offered from Poetry Present from $29.99. This is the perfect anniversary present. You can personalize this frame with names, date, personalized message and photo. The fact that you can even now obtain these says anything about their style staying energy. Whilst a handful of black only cool wristbands utilised to do the trick, a very recent twist is to put on two contrasting colors, including black and white. Also, pare down the sum you put on. In the "80s it was as several as you could, now it is morefashionable to wear half a dozen or so. Your hair must be tightly pulled into a bun. If you have light colored hair, use a short-term hair shade spray in black. Hair sticks and hair combs can be inserted into your bun. Employing white Halloween make-up, paint your total face right up until it is strong white. Apply a vivid red lipstick and a black, liquid eyeliner on your upper and reduce eyelids. A paper umbrella or paper fan can be utilised as a prop. So picture this, a folding poker table in the residing room, martinis in the kitchen, and printed wristbands card in the automatic shuffler. The host, as banker, passes out poker chips from a set of casino-fashion, regulation clay chips, the guy to his appropriate gets the dealer puck, and the enjoyable and thrilling game commences. Kids really like popcorn. Adults love popcorn also. Everybody loves popcorn! Popcorn fundraisers do effectively because almost everyone likes popcorn. You can get permission to setup a table outdoors a significant retail shop where you can promote popcorn to folks who are coming or leaving the store. Weekends are the best time of the week to run this type of fundraiser. As a final word, usually remember that customized apparel does not have to be t shirts. Custom golf shirts, polo shirts, hats, towels, bags and promotional products might be a lot more appropriate for what you want to do.
A sightseeing train carries visitors around Lujiacun village in Anji, Zhejiang province. [Photo by Fang Li/For chinadaily.com.cn]
People across the world want their human rights to be well protected so they can lead a relatively trouble-free and peaceful life. But different countries, due to their different cultures and social environments, have different ways and measures to protect human rights.
Since the founding of the People"s Republic of China in 1949, the Communist Party of China, the Chinese government and the Chinese people, through arduous struggles, have led the world"s most populous country from poverty and hunger, created partly due to century-long foreign aggressions and wars, to prosperity and, in the process, written a magnificent chapter of human rights.
A congratulatory message sent by CPC Central Committee General Secretary Xi Jinping to the 2015 human rights forum in Beijing said the Party and Chinese government have always respected the human rights of the Chinese people, and taken measures to ensure they enjoy those rights.
"Working for people" is CPC"s guiding principle
As the ruling party, the CPC has made "working for people" the guiding principle and starting point for all work. "Serving the people", "being responsible for the people" and "being subject to people"s examination" are the important principles the Party and the Chinese government have always adhered to. In particular, since the 18th National Congress of the CPC in November 2012, "people-centric" has become the basic principle for promoting the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics in various fields, and creating a prosperous and happy life for the people the top human rights cause.
"Development is the foremost principle," former leader Deng Xiaoping said. The principle applies to promoting not only national prosperity and rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, but also ensuring every Chinese citizen enjoys basic human rights.
However, facts show that a country without sufficient resources may not be able to guarantee its people some human rights, even such civic and political rights as freedom of speech, the right to vote and to be elected to public office, and the right to a fair trial. Which means the guaranteeing of economic, social and cultural rights is highly dependent on the resources available to a country.
China protects people"s rights and interests
China"s untiring efforts to propel economic development and social progress over the past decades show it is committed to offering more effective guarantees to its people to enjoy their rights and protect their interests. The ever-increasing sense of happiness of the Chinese people since the founding of New China in 1949, especially since the launch of reform and opening-up 40 years ago, is proof that the Chinese people today enjoy comprehensive human rights.
Some Western countries have failed to do a good job of protecting and promoting their citizens, yet they point an accusing finger at China and some other developing countries when it comes to protection of human rights. Turning a blind eye to the huge progress China has made in improving its people"s human rights, these countries, from time to time, have questioned China"s human rights record and tried to launch a smear campaign against the CPC and the Chinese government. For example, they often denounce China"s high-speed economic development, saying it has compromised their markets, and workers" rights and interests.
Ironically, such accusations are a kind of recognition of China"s efforts to boost its economic development, which in turn has created millions of domestic jobs and thus promoted the cause of human rights.
Rule of law is the best guarantee of human rights
Besides, the rule of law is the best guarantee and the last line of defense for human rights. The Chinese government has always attached utmost importance to establishing and improving a sound legal system, and formulating a series of laws and regulations that respect and protect human rights.
Thanks to coordinated development, and a series of law enforcement and judicial practices advanced by the authorities, Chinese people have exercised their economic, political, social, cultural and environmental rights, have enjoyed a stable political and social atmosphere, are well employed, and have led a respectable life while working for a better future.
In the new era, the major steps China has taken to comprehensively advance the rule of law has promoted fairness and justice, which has ensured that people better enjoy their human rights.
A true global community comprises all countries
Different from some countries that always point an accusing finger at others or oppose economic globalization by adopting a "beggar-thy-neighbor" or self-centric policy to divert public attention from the domestic difficulties they face, China has always believed that only with the participation of all countries can a community with a shared future be built, and has always tried to work with the rest of the world to overcome common hardships.
As suggested by the design and implementation of initiatives such as the Belt and Road Initiative, the BRICS cooperative mechanism and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, China wants to bind together the feelings of the people of China and the rest of the world, and work together to fend off global risks and realize global common prosperity.
The author is executive director of the Human Rights Research Center and vice-dean of the School of Law at Jilin University. The views don"t necessarily represent those of China Daily.
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Local parents as ‘anchor defendants’ in European courts for claims against their foreign subsidiaries in human rights and environmental damages litigation: recent case law and legislative trends
Local parents as ‘anchor defendants’ in European courts for claims against their foreign... 2018-05-03 00:00:00 Abstract Over the last few years, litigation in European courts against gross human rights violations and widespread environmental disasters has intensified. Recent case law shows that victims domiciled in third States have attempted to start proceedings in Europe, where the parent company of a negligent local subsidiary is seated. In light of this, national courts of the EU have been asked to determine whether the parent company located in the State of the court seized with the matter may serve as an ‘anchor defendant’ for claims against its foreign subsidiary. In Okpabi & Ors v Royal Dutch Shell Plc & Anor, Akpan v RDS, and KiK, national courts’ assessment regarding international jurisdiction has significantly diverged. Unsatisfied with this result, some States have adopted—or are in the process of adopting—legislation that establishes or reinforces the duty of care or vigilance of parent companies directly towards victims. This article examines the latest legislative developments that took place in France, Switzerland, and Germany. Notably, many States have opted for the amendment of their substantive law (only) rather than (additionally) for the modification of private international law rules. I. Introduction The globalization of trade, coupled with the rise of technologies, has created new opportunities for companies to expand their commercial activities over national borders. At the same time, however, the pressure of globalized markets has fostered aggressive competition between operators. In such a context, international trade has given rise to (no longer so) new kinds of harms, which may damage large groups of people or society as a whole. From a legal perspective, therefore, such a result requires the delineation of corporate responsibility standards and the promotion of access to remedies. At the international level, significant efforts have been made to raise companies’ awareness of the transnational impact of their activities and their corresponding consequences. For instance, the well-known ‘Ruggie Principles’1 and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development’s Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises2 encourage the observance of human rights by multinationals. Nevertheless, these efforts are not legally enforceable against corporations and perhaps not sufficient to induce a more respectful behaviour.3 As for the European institutions, these have not adopted a legislative act on this topic yet.4 In this context, the following text focuses on a specific question: whether the parent company located in the State of the court seized with the matter may serve as an ‘anchor defendant’ for claims against its foreign subsidiary. This inquiry is part of a broader topic and concern regarding the ability of private international law rules on jurisdiction to provide an accessible forum to victims of human rights violations or environmental disasters. In Europe, the question has gained interest, given the intensification of litigation against parent companies for human rights violations as well as the increasingly restrictive approach of US courts regarding jurisdiction in these matters. Indeed, those courts have toughened the requirements that enable them to assert jurisdiction over environmental or human rights violations that have occurred outside their territory.5 Section II of this article surveys those jurisdictional concerns in Europe. In particular, the recent English judgment Okpabi & Ors v Royal Dutch Shell Plc & Anor is a telling example in this respect.6 In this case, one of the European ‘counterparts’ to the US case Kiobel,7 the English High Court, Queen’s Bench Division, by its Technology and Construction Court, decided that it had no international jurisdiction to hear claims in tort against the Nigerian subsidiary of Shell in connection with environmental and health damages due to oil pollution in the context of the group’s oil production in Nigeria. English case law illustrates the current struggle of national courts to deal with human rights violations or environmental disasters when these take place in third States and are attributable to local subsidiaries. This question will be discussed from a comparative perspective. Following this, section III of this article puts the spotlight on legislative developments in the rest of Europe. Unsatisfied with the present situation, some States have adopted—or are in the process of adopting—legislation that establishes or reinforces the duty of care or vigilance of parent companies directly towards victims. Notably, those States have opted for the amendment of their substantive law rather than the modification of private international law rules. However, both disciplines should work hand in hand in order to come up with satisfying results. II. Jurisdiction over parent companies and their subsidiaries: selected case law 1. Okpabi The Okpabi case deals with liability for oil pollution in Nigeria. We use this emblematic case in the following paragraphs as a tool to guide our private international law reasoning. We further develop our analysis with a view to additional English case law. All selected judgments follow the same pattern: they involve actions—for injunctive relief and/or damages—against a parent company seated in the United Kingdom (UK) and a subsidiary located in a third State, which is the place where the damage occurred. A. Facts Okpabi involves two sets of proceedings against Royal Dutch Shell plc (RDS), a holding company incorporated in the UK, and Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria (SPDC), a Nigerian production company. In particular, the claimants started proceedings in the English courts8 against RDS and SPDC for the economic and environmental damages that oil spills emanating from SPDC’s pipelines caused. The ‘class’ of victims was composed of Nigerian nationals, many of whom belonged to the Nigerian Ogale community. They essentially argued that both the SPDC’s defective maintenance policy and the theft of crude oil (‘bunkering’), which is committed on a regular basis, seriously polluted the environment and harmed the Nigerian Ogale Community’s livelihood. For this reason, the claimants brought an action for injunctive relief as well as for damages. The Court assessed jurisdictional challenges together for both sets of proceedings, as they generate relatively similar questions. From a structural perspective, the Court first examined whether the claimants possessed a legitimate claim against RDS that would enable them to pursue their actions against the said defendant in the UK. As we explain in section II.2, the Court concluded that no real issue against RDS had to be tried. Therefore, the second step of the jurisdictional analysis, whereby the Court would consider whether a claim against SPDC should proceed in England and Wales was discarded, as there was no anchor defendant and no self-standing ground of jurisdiction. It has to be highlighted that the assessment of jurisdictional challenges, as a preliminary issue, does not require a full exposition of questions of fact and law.9 B. The claim against Royal Dutch Shell (RDS) a. Article 4 of the Brussels Regulation (Recast) Article 4 of the Brussels I Regulation (recast) (BRIbis),10 which allocates jurisdiction to the courts of the defendant’s domicile, enables Nigerian claimants to start proceedings against RDS in the UK.11 Since RDS has its domicile in the European Union (EU), the Court correctly recalls that the jurisdictional grounds contained in the Regulation are mandatory in nature. In other words, European private international law rules on jurisdiction do not leave any room for the application of any forum non conveniens doctrine that is usually available in States of common law tradition.12 Specifically, in Owusu,13 the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) explained that the application of such a doctrine would undermine the principle of legal certainty, which represents the cornerstone of the Brussels regime.14 In the case at issue, therefore, the analysis regarding the application of Article 4 of the BRIbis is straightforward: claimants may sue RDS in its domicile, and further challenges regarding the appropriateness of such a forum must be rejected.15 In Vedanta,16 a case that involved a claim against a parent company seated in the UK and its subsidiary for the pollution of the Kafue River in Zambia, as well as the adverse consequences of such an occurrence on the local population, Justice Coulson spent more time in his judgment dealing with challenges against Article 4 of the BRIbis. Although it was clear that the defendants could not invoke the forum non conveniens doctrine under the lex fori to reject the application of said provision, they argued that the claim brought against the parent company was a device, the sole purpose of which was to attract the subsidiary in the UK. Relying on the CJEU’s case law on Article 8(1) of the BRIbis, the defendants sustained that the action brought against them was abusive. Indeed, according to the European case law related to this provision, a defendant shall not be attracted outside the Member State where it is domiciled if the sole purpose is to oust it from this natural forum.17 In absence of European case law on this question in relation to Article 4 of the BRIbis, it is not certain that the application of that provision should be rejected in case claimants use the Regulation in an ‘abusive’ manner. On the one hand, it is doubtful to what extent the Regulation actually permits abusive strategic behaviour by the parties. In this sense, it is useful to recall that the Brussels regime looks at forum shopping unfavourably. On the other hand, however, one must acknowledge that Article 8(1) of the BRIbis aims at preserving the reasonable expectation of the defendant that it will be sued in its domicile. Following this line of reasoning, it is rather contradictory, if not bizarre, to use this argument to then reject the application of Article 4 of the BRIbis. In Vedanta, the Technology and Construction Court eventually concluded that a claim that raises a ‘real issue’ between the claimants and the anchor defendant can hardly be considered a mere device.18 Back to the Okpabi case, the Court recalled that the availability of the forum presumes that the claimants possess an actual claim against the defendant. In other words, in the Court’s view neither the Regulation nor the Owusu case removes the necessity under the lex fori that ‘a real issue to be tried against RDS’ exists.19 In order to determine the prima facie existence of a claim, it is necessary to dive into the merits of the case. As the Court pointed out, however, the burden to prove that point should not be a high one. Since the CJEU did not rule on this particular issue either, it is not clear whether the application of Article 4 of the BRIbis actually requires, or allows at all, the national court to require that a valid claim be brought against the defendant. On the one hand, the mandatory force of Article 4 of the BRIbis could impede that any argument regarding the admissibility of the claim be made.20 Accordingly, courts should not be able to merge considerations regarding the strength or the meritorious character of an action with its analysis concerning jurisdiction. Therefore, courts would have to examine the admissibility of a claim only after having asserted jurisdiction over the case. Following this line of reasoning, the Court of Appeal in Vedanta upheld Justice Coulson’s judgment and reinforced the mandatory nature of Article 4 of the BRIbis by stating that the ‘effect of the CJEU decision in Owusu v. Jackson is that article 4 of the Recast Regulation precludes the English Court from declining what is a mandatory jurisdiction where the defendant is a company domiciled in England and Wales’.21 Additionally, the Court did not further develop whether a valid claim is needed for Article 4 of the BRIbis to apply. Therefore, this could confirm that the admissibility of the claim is irrelevant as far as jurisdiction is concerned. On the other hand, however, Justice Fraser’s decision in Okpabi calls into question the absolute mandatory nature of Article 4 of the BRIbis. It is true that only a person with an actual claim would in principle sue the defendant in the courts of its domicile. Therefore, according to Justice Fraser’s reasoning, it is not unreasonable for courts to accept jurisdiction only where there is a ‘real issue to be tried’. In case such reasoning is endorsed, however, one might wonder how high the burden of proof should be. b. The validity of the claim Following this, therefore, the English Court examined the validity of the claims against RDS in an attempt to determine the reach of its jurisdictional power. It did so according to English law. To be more precise, the acts and omissions that occurred before 11 January 2009 are governed by English law as it represents the most appropriate one, pursuant to sections 77 and 1.2 of the Private International Law Act 1995.22 Then, according to Article 7 of the Rome II Regulation,23 which applies to the acts and omissions that took place after 11 January 2009, the law of England and Wales is applicable since it is the place where the event giving rise to the damage occurred.24 According to English case law, the validity of a claim against the parent company will be substantiated if the latter owes a duty of care towards the claimants.25 Therefore, the Court in Okpabi adopted a two-stage analysis. The first one consists in applying the well-known Caparo test, which was developed by the House of Lords in Caparo Industries plc v Dickman and requires the fulfilment of three conditions.26 Specifically, the damage must have been foreseeable for the anchor defendant; a certain proximity has to exist between the claimants and said defendant;27 and, finally, imposing a duty of care on the defendant must be fair, just, and reasonable. In the case at issue, the Court concluded that no duty of care could reasonably be imposed on RDS. It relied on the following indicia in order to support its analysis.28 To start with, RDS does not directly hold shares in SPDC. Moreover, RDS is not an operating company, and it does not possess the relevant license to conduct operations in Nigeria. Moreover, it appears that RDS does not influence its subsidiary’s management. In this context, the Court noted that although two members of RDS were part of the Executive Committee of SPDC, they still represented a minority. Finally, it does not seem fair, just, and reasonable to impose a duty of care on RDS since this would amount to the creation of an indeterminate liability on the parent company for its acts and omissions globally. Relying on previous case law, Justice Fraser then added that the Court must decide whether the parent company was in a better position to prevent the harm because of its superior knowledge and expertise.29 Additionally, the subsidiary must have relied on the parent company and its knowledge in order to avoid the harm. In the case at issue, the Court observed the general corporate structure of the Shell group and recalled that, under English law, companies are separate entities, and membership in the same group does not mean that a parent company is automatically responsible for the acts or omissions of its subsidiaries. The Court then reiterated that RDS did not undertake any operational activities in Nigeria. Furthermore, it appears that the parent company neither supervised its Nigerian subsidiary nor transferred knowledge. To conclude, since claimants did not possess any actual claim against RDS, there was no defendant to be anchored to. Hence, the claimants could not attract SPDC in England—at least in first instance.30 For the sake of this article and in order to be exhaustive, we will still proceed to examine whether jurisdiction for the subsidiary would have been available in the event that the claimants’ action against the anchor defendant would have had a real prospect of success, as was the case in Vedanta. We use this case, as well as the Unilever case,31 to support our reasoning. C. The claim against the subsidiary In the event that there is a real issue to be tried against the anchor defendant, the next question to be solved is whether the subsidiary can be attracted in the UK, which corresponds to the domicile of the parent company. Article 8(1) of the BRIbis is irrelevant in this case since it only enables a person domiciled in a Member State to be sued in the domicile of a co-defendant. As a result, when the subsidiary is located in a third State, national rules on civil procedure apply. Under English law, the requirements of paragraph 3.1(3) of Practice Direction 6B must be fulfilled. According to this provision, ‘a claim is made against a person (“the defendant”) on whom the claim form has been or will be served … and—(a) there is between the claimant and the defendant a real issue which it is reasonable for the court to try; and (b) the claimant wishes to serve the claim form on another person who is a necessary or proper party to that claim’. In Vedanta, the Court extracted a five-step test from this provision, whereby a court must answer the following questions: does the claimants’ claim against the subsidiary have a real prospect of success (Step 1); if so, is there a real issue between the claimants and the anchor defendant (Step 2); is it reasonable for the court to try that issue (Step 3); is the subsidiary a necessary or a proper party to the claim against the anchor defendant (Step 4); and is England the proper place in which to bring the claim (Step 5)? Steps 2 and 3 relate to the validity of the claim against the anchor defendant. It corresponds to the analysis we undertook in the previous part of this article. Therefore, we do not repeat it here. We recall that Article 4 of the BRIbis limits the court’s margin of manoeuvre under Step 3; (at least) as long as a ‘real issue’ is to be tried, the Brussels regime opens a forum in the defendant’s domicile, and further considerations regarding the appropriateness of this forum under the forum non conveniens doctrine are not allowed. The remaining steps concern the claim against the subsidiary. In particular, the Court must determine whether such a claim has a real prospect of success in accordance with the appropriate applicable law. This requirement should be easily met since the subsidiary will usually be the actor conducting operations in the State where the damage occurred and substantive law will in principle punish the allegedly unlawful behaviour. As far as Step 4 is concerned, it corresponds to the condition expressed in paragraph 3.1(3)(b), which states that a claim will be served on a person located overseas in case it is considered a ‘necessary or proper party’ to that claim. It has been established by case law that this test is as broad as the Court’s power to order a joinder under Rule 19.2(2) of the Civil Procedure Rules (CPR).32 Finally, although the requirements of said paragraphs are fulfilled, it is important to note that English courts still have the power to reject the service on a subsidiary located outside the EU under Rule 6.37(3) of the CPR. To be more specific, where a court is not persuaded that England and Wales is the proper place in which to bring the claim, it can reject the service of that claim. In order to illustrate these rather dogmatic considerations, we take the recent Unilever and Vedanta cases as examples. Unilever involved a claim brought by Kenyan nationals against a holding parent company located in the UK, on the one hand, and a subsidiary that operated a tea plantation in Kenya, on the other. Its employees were victims of ethnic violations, which took place after the Kenyan presidential election of 2007. To be more specific, after the announcement of the result of the elections, a group of armed men invaded the tea plantation, destroyed homes, and assaulted people from rival tribes. As a result, claimants started proceedings against both companies in the UK, alleging that the defendants had failed to provide them due protection. In this case, Justice Elisabeth Laing concluded that, like in Okpabi, the claim against the parent company raised no real issue.33 Nevertheless, the Court continued its analysis on the assumption that such a claim would have a real prospect of success. To start with, the Court explained that, according to the parties, Kenyan law applied to the claim against the subsidiary.34 Following that law, Justice Laing concluded that the Occupiers’ Liability Act did not impose a duty on the subsidiary to protect the claimants from an attack, such as the one that occurred after the 2007 elections.35 Indeed, the duty that is imposed by the Kenyan legislation is much narrower than the one that was pleaded. Therefore, the Court established that the claim against the subsidiary had no prospect of success.36 Otherwise, the Court would have to determine, additionally, whether the subsidiary is a ‘necessary or proper’ party to the claim brought against the parent company. In Unilever, the Court answered positively to that question since both actions required one investigation.37 Moreover, they refered to the same facts and legal principles. Finally, they concerned the same losses and involved similar causation arguments. The last question that would have to be examined is whether England and Wales was the proper forum where the claim against the subsidiary should be brought. Referring to the Connelly v RTZ case, the Court stated that the defendant would have to demonstrate that another, more appropriate forum, exists.38 Then it would be for the claimant to show that substantial justice cannot be achieved in that forum, for example, by proving the lack of funding and the impossibility to have access to justice.39 In Vedanta, the Court of Appeal validated a different conclusion. Specifically, Justices Jackson, Simon, and Asplin considered that the claim against the subsidiary had a real prospect of success, inasmuch as the latter operated the mine that discharged toxic substances into the local waters and that Zambian law imposed a strict liability on such behaviour.40 Additionally, like in Unilever, the Court of Appeal confirmed that the subsidiary was a necessary and proper party to the claim and that England and Wales was the proper place in which to bring the claims.41 2. Akpan The Dutch courts also had to deal with claims regarding oil spills allegedly caused by the negligence of RDS and SPDC. In Akpan v RDS, a Nigerian farmer and fisherman sued both RDS and SPDC in the District Court of The Hague, alleging that oil spills harmed his livelihood.42 In particular, spills were due to a lack of maintenance of a wellhead and inadequate safety measures leading to sabotage. In these proceedings, the claimant was supported by Milieudefensie, an association promoting environmental care. Although RDS is registered in the UK, Dutch courts can assert jurisdiction over the action under Articles 4 and 63(1) of the BRIbis in view of the fact that the company is actually headquartered in the Netherlands.43 Against the interlocutory judgment on jurisdiction, the defendants argued that the start of proceedings in the Netherlands constituted an abuse of law since the claimant’s action against RDS was certain to fail.44 The District Court of The Hague rejected this defence and stated that: the claims against RDS could not be designated as clearly certain to fail beforehand, because beforehand it could be defended that under certain circumstances, based on Nigerian law, the parent company of a subsidiary may be liable based on the tort of negligence against people who suffered damage as a result of the activities of that (sub-) subsidiary.45 In other words, the Dutch Court concluded that it had jurisdiction since, under Nigerian law, a claim against the parent company may be brought. Interestingly, the Court did not enter further into the merits of the case but merely observed abstractly whether a claim would be possible under substantive law.46 At the same time, the Court did not exclude categorically an argument of abuse under Article 4 of the BRIbis based on the prospects of success in the subject matter. Once the District Court of The Hague asserted jurisdiction over the actions, it determined that the existence of a potential duty of care towards the claimants should be assessed according to Nigerian law.47 Since the latter was deemed to resemble English law, the Court proceeded to apply the Caparo test.48 It eventually concluded that RDS did not assume any duty of care and, thus, should not be held liable for the oil spills that occurred in 2006 and 2007.49 To support its analysis, the Court explained that RDS was not engaged in oil production in Nigeria, contrary to SPDC.50 Therefore, it was not clear that the parent company should have a better knowledge regarding the prevention of risks. Therefore, it could not be assumed that RDS had the obligation to intervene in the subsidiary’s policy to avoid the damage at issue.51 As a result, the Court found no proximity between the claimants and RDS, nor did it find it fair, just, and reasonable to impose a duty of care on the latter.52 For this reason, the District Court dismissed all claims against RDS.53 As far as SPDC was concerned, the District Court in The Hague relied on section 7(1) of the Dutch Code of Civil Procedure in order to attract the subsidiary in the Netherlands.54 Section 7(1) (in translation) reads as follows: In the event that the Dutch court has jurisdiction over one of the defendants in matters that must be initiated by a writ of summons, the Dutch court also has jurisdiction over other defendants involved in the same proceedings, provided the claims against the various defendants are connected to such an extent that reasons of efficiency justify a joint hearing.55 In an attempt to strike the application of this provision, the defendants argued that the basis of the two claims against them was not the same. They relied on European case law, which should apply to the Dutch provision by analogy. In Painer, for example, the CJEU ruled that a difference in legal basis between various actions does not per se impede the application of Article 8(1) of the BRIbis,56 provided that it was foreseeable by the defendants that they could be sued in the domicile of one of the defendants.57 Following this line of reasoning, SPDC argued that it could not predict being sued in the courts of the Netherlands. The District Court rejected both arguments. In its opinion, the actions against both defendants shared the same basis since they were accused of tort of negligence under Nigerian law. Additionally, defendants could have predicted the start of the proceedings in the Dutch courts, provided the current trend continued to hold parent companies liable for the acts or omissions of their subsidiaries located overseas. Regarding this last statement, we would rather suggest that what creates predictability is the existence of a previous link between the defendants and not the knowledge of international litigation practices.58 In this case, it is the corporate structure of the Shell group that makes the attraction of the subsidiary in the Dutch forum foreseeable. Eventually, the District Court considered that reasons of efficiency justified the extension of its jurisdictional power over the Nigerian subsidiary.59 In this sense, Dutch law seems to have more power of attraction than English law, which allows courts to reject the service of a claim on a co-defendant seated outside the EU, provided that the UK is not the right forum to rule over the action. Importantly, the Dutch Court emphasized that it would retain jurisdiction over SPDC, even though the claims against the parent company were eventually dismissed. It would do so even if ‘no connection or hardly any connection would remain with Dutch jurisdiction’.60 On the merits, the District Court of The Hague found that SPDC violated its duty of care towards the claimant. Specifically, the subsidiary should have realized that a risk of sabotage of the well was high.61 Accordingly, the company had to take the appropriate measures to prevent that risk. 3. KiK As opposed to the UK and the Netherlands, there are no comparable cases in Germany. This is because the German national procedural law applicable to third State defendants does not provide for an equivalent forum connexitatis like in Article 8(1) of the BRIbis, paragraph 3.1(3) of the UK Practice Direction 6B, or section 7(1) of the Dutch Code of Civil Procedure. This may be illustrated by a recent litigation, the KiK litigation,62 which was instituted in Germany and structurally resembles the Okpabi and Akpan cases, at least to a certain extent. On 11 September 2012, 260 workers of Ali Enterprises in Karachi, Pakistan, died in a fire at the production site, 32 workers were injured. The German textile importer and reseller KiK Textilien and Non-Food GmbH, seated in Bönen, Germany, was the main buyer for Ali Enterprises. On 15 March 2015, four Pakistani victims instituted proceedings at the Regional Court of Dortmund, Germany, (solely) against KiK for damages of €30.000 each for pain and suffering. The claimants argued that KiK, as the main buyer, was placed under vicarious liability for its (economically dependent) supplier as well as under liability for negligence in regard to the safety of the workers. The claimants submitted, inter alia, that the windows were barred and the emergency exits blocked. According to the decision of 29 August 2016, the Court granted legal aid on the grounds that, in the main proceedings, Pakistani law would apply. Therefore, the Court would need to retain expert evidence on Pakistani law, and in order to enable the claimants to pay for the necessary upfront fees to the Court, they would be entitled to legal aid.63 Indeed, according to Article 4(1) of the Rome II Regulation, the law of the place where the harmful effects occurred applies. To be sure, this case must be distinguished from Okpabi and Akpan in that it concerned supply chain relations rather than groups of enterprises with their local subsidiaries. But, as we will show in section III, the current legislative trends in Europe to improve the situation of claimants in developing countries encompass both groups of enterprises and supply chain relations by establishing and/or reinforcing direct delictual responsibility of the parent and main buyers respectively. Nevertheless, it remains telling for the special situation in Germany that the claimants in KiK did not also raise claims against the local producer that would be directly responsible for the damage. As was already mentioned, there is no general forum connexitatis under German autonomous procedural law. Nor did the claimants take up any line of argument driving towards a liability of joint tortfeasors to establish delictual jurisdiction for both of the tortfeasors at all places of harmful effect and acting by mutual imputation of the respective contributions to the damage that would theoretically be available under the delictual jurisdiction in section 32 of the German Code of Civil Procedure.64 But this was due to the fact that the claimants in KiK, as opposed to the claimants in Okpabi and Akpan, sought to concentrate on receiving damages by solvent debtors rather than obtaining additional injunctive relief to achieve improvements locally. Even if this latter interest had been part of the picture in KiK, there would of course be the issue of recognition and enforcement of a German decision in Pakistan.65 Be that as it may, Germany should, in light of the comparative legal analysis undertaken here in regard to the BRIbis, the UK, and the Netherlands, reconsider its restrictive position on the forum connexitatis.66 But, as we will see in section III.3, Germany took a restrictive stand not only on the level of jurisdiction (which is not connected to the specific cases discussed here and the grounds on general policy considerations67) but also and particularly on the level of substantive law-making when it comes to shaping the responsibility of German multinational companies for their foreign corporate or supply chain relations. III. Current trends in law-making Our analysis of the Okpabi, Akpan, and KiK cases shows that national courts’ assessment regarding jurisdiction over parent companies and their subsidiaries for violations committed abroad diverge. Moreover, their private international law legislations do not always easily permit the attraction of the subsidiary in a European forum. Therefore, courts do not follow any common pattern in the way they accept or reject jurisdiction. In light of these uncertainties, some States have enacted—or are about to enact—legislative measures that reinforce corporate responsibility and accountability for human rights violations and damages to the environment. As we explain below, the current trend consists in amending substantive law rather than private international law. 1. France On 21 February 2017, the Loi n° 2017–399 du 27 mars 2017 relative au devoir de vigilance des sociétés mères et des entreprises donneuses d’ordre (Duty of Vigilance Law) was adopted.68 According to this legislation, parent companies of a certain size have a legal obligation to establish a vigilance plan (plan de vigilance), the objective of which consists in identifying risks and preventing human rights violations, including the protection of the environment, health, and labour conditions. The failure to implement such a plan will incur the liability of parent companies for damages that a well-executed plan could have avoided. This legislation, which was supported by the French left wing party, was designed to avoid social and environmental catastrophes, such as the Rana Plaza tragedy in India.69 The French legislative power reacted by enacting the Duty of Vigilance Law, which reinforces the obligation of parent companies to control the activities of their subsidiaries located in other States. In particular, the newly adopted French law amends the Code de commerce (Commercial Code or FCC) and, in particular, its chapter concerning public limited companies (sociétés anonymes) by introducing Articles L.225-102-4–5. These provisions state that both parent companies localized in France, which employ more than 5,000 workers in their premises or through subsidiaries, as well as parent companies employing more than 10,000 people worldwide, disregarding the State of their domicile, must establish a vigilance plan. Therefore, the obligation to launch such a plan concerns both French companies and multinationals whose seat might be located in France or abroad. Although the connecting factor that would oblige foreign multinationals to comply with the requirements of the FCC is rather unclear, it is reasonable to assume that, at least, the presence of a subsidiary on French territory should trigger the obligation to provide a vigilance plan.70 In regard to the content of such a plan, the Duty of Vigilance Law does not offer much detail. According to Article L.225-102-4 of the FCC, the plan must contain reasonable vigilance measures, including (i) the identification, analysis, and categorization of potential risks; (ii) the assessment of the efficiency of the vigilance measures; (iii) actions aiming at mitigating risks and preventing serious damages; (iv) an alert mechanism; and (v) an evaluation procedure. The vigilance plan applies to the parent company and its subsidiaries as well as to subcontractors and suppliers. Under French law, when a company holds more than half of the capital share of another company, the latter is considered a subsidiary of the first (Article L.233-1 of the FCC). Under the Duty of Vigilance Law, it does not matter whether the parent company directly holds shares in the subsidiary. Indirect control falls equally under the material scope of the law.71 Notably, vigilance duties are not limited to entities linked by a corporate relationship. The legal obligation of vigilance extends to subcontractors and suppliers with which the parent company and its subsidiaries entertain established commercial relationships. The violation of the obligations mentioned in Article L.225-102-4—that is, the non-establishment of a vigilance plan, the absence of publication of such a plan, or its poor execution—entails the liability of the parent company, pursuant to Articles 1240 and 1241 of the FCC.72 These provisions require the claimants to prove that the parent company acted negligently and that their damage actually originated from such behaviour. This might represent a relatively heavy burden for victims.73 To conclude, the Duty of Vigilance Law establishes a legal obligation for parent companies to exercise some control over the activities of their subsidiaries and business partners. The violation of their obligation will entail their liability under the FCC. Some welcome the broad application of the duty of vigilance, which applies not only to subsidiaries but also to subcontractors and suppliers. Additionally, this law reaches French companies as well as multinationals. Others regret that the obligation to establish a vigilance plan is limited to certain companies with regard to their corporate form—sociétés anonymes, sociétés en commandite par actions, and sociétés par actions simplifiées—or their size. Apparently, only 150 companies would be submitted to the duty of vigilance.74 Although the French Duty of Vigilance Law certainly represents significant progress towards the accountability of corporations for human rights violations or environmental damages, we regret the absence of coordination between substantive law and conflict-of-law rules. In principle, according to Article 4 of the Rome II Regulation, the law applicable to the action will be the one in force where the damage occurred (lex loci damni). Therefore, it is far from certain that the Duty of Vigilance Law would apply in a case similar to Okpabi or Akpan. Some suggest that French law could apply through Article 7 of the Rome II Regulation, since it allows the selection of the lex loci delicti commissi.75 However, the occurrence of an unlawful act committed in France would still have to be proved, which might not be an easy task. Alternatively, Article 4(3) of the Regulation could displace the general principle mentioned above and support the application of the ‘manifestly more closely connected’ law. Again, it is not certain that French law would be more closely connected than the lex loci damni. Finally, Article 16 of the Regulation could force the application of French law. Nevertheless, the French legislator did not make clear that the duty of vigilance qualifies as an overriding mandatory provision. 2. Switzerland On 16 October 2016, a coalition of non-governmental organizations launched an initiative populaire (the Initiative), the goal of which consists in reinforcing the protection of human rights by imposing a duty of due diligence on companies domiciled in Switzerland.76 In particular, the initiative suggests the amendment of the Swiss Constitution by introducing Article 101a on the liability of companies.77 A subsequent federal law (loi d’application) would further develop the constitutional text. According to the Initiative, companies whose statutory seat, central administration, or principal place of business is in Switzerland must respect internationally acknowledged human rights as well as environmental norms on the Swiss territory and abroad (proposed Article 101a(2)(a) of the Swiss Constitution). In other words, Swiss companies would have a duty of due diligence that obliges them to prevent and repair the negative consequences of their activities on human rights and the environment (proposed Article 101a(2)(b) of the Swiss Constitution). Importantly, this duty of due diligence would have to be exercised in relation to companies under their control as well as to their commercial partners. Small- and medium-size companies may be exempted from these obligations. The violations of human rights and environmental norms committed by companies under control would engage the responsibility of controlling companies located in Switzerland. Contrary to French law, the proposed Swiss provisions establish that, in principle, the liability of the Swiss company is presumed.78 However, no liability will be imposed if the latter proves that it correctly exercised its duty of due diligence (proposed Article 101a(2)(c) of the Swiss Constitution). This scheme is based on Article 55 of the Swiss Code of Obligations, which deals with the responsibility of the employer for the activities of its employees.79 Interestingly, the obligations designated by proposed Article 101a of the Swiss Constitution subsist even where conflict-of-law rules designate a different law than the Swiss one. In other words, the Initiative seeks to confer an imperative nature to the proposed provisions (overriding mandatory provisions), which apply extraterritorially.80 At the end of last summer, the Federal Council declared that it would not support the adoption of the Initiative.81 Although the text pursues fundamental social goals, the Council is of the view that its material scope is too far-fetched. Additionally, it argued that there is a risk, in absence of a concerted action at the international level, of imposing a too heavy burden on Swiss companies that may eventually relocate to neighbouring States. Finally, the Federal Council stated that by opening a forum for litigation of cases involving human rights violations or environmental damages that occurred abroad, the Swiss legislator would not respect the sovereign power of sister States.82 Instead, the Federal Council supported the enactment of non-binding principles at the international level. 3. Germany On 21 December 2016 and under the auspices of the German Federal Foreign Office (Auswärtiges Amt), the German government adopted a ‘National Action Plan on Business and Human Rights’.83 This plan is to ‘implement’ the Ruggie Principles,84 and the government considered it an ‘ambitious project’: For the first time, German companies’ responsibilities as regards upholding human rights are laid down in a fixed framework by stipulating homogeneous and verifiable global standards. The Action Plan pools the strengths of the various stakeholders from the State, business sector, civil society and trade unions, with the aim of improving the human rights situation along the supply and value chain in Germany and worldwide. The German government expresses its clear expectation in the Action Plan: companies must carry out human rights due diligence.85 However, all of the suggested measures are not obligatory but voluntary, coupled with an expectation that until 2020 at least 50 per cent of large enterprises (with more than 500 employees) will have completed implementation. This was criticized by some as being too ‘soft’ and disappointing, particularly in comparison with other EU Member States,86 whereas others have argued in a general economic analysis that binding and strict obligations in one jurisdiction would increase costs for enterprises there and that such enterprises would rather withdraw from the affected business relations and that other enterprises from elsewhere under worse standards would step in (‘race to the bottom’).87 With respect to the special question of access to justice in Germany, the government considered the legal landscape as satisfactory. However, as has been shown, there is no forum connexitatis in German autonomous procedural law, and (compared to other jurisdictions) there are only limited means of obtaining evidence and collective redress,88 but this is due to deeply rooted notions and traditions of civil procedure in Germany. IV. Conclusions Our analysis of the most recent case law from European courts shows that parent companies may not automatically be held liable for the acts and omissions of their subsidiaries located overseas. The law on international jurisdiction allows attracting subsidiaries located in third States in a forum within the EU only under certain conditions varying from State to State. Against this background, some national legislators have amended their substantive law with the objective of reinforcing corporate accountability. Notably, in France, the recent Duty of Vigilance Law requires large French companies and multinationals to establish a vigilance plan in order to prevent human rights violations and damages to the environment. Nevertheless, in other States, such as Germany and Switzerland, the government prefers to rely on non-binding measures, even though their effectiveness is seriously called into question by some. Along this line of reasoning, a national, non-concerted action would impose a too heavy burden on companies that would eventually relocate to more favourable legal environments. Therefore, an action at the European level might be more satisfactory. For the time being, however, the EU has only adopted certain indirect and sector-based, and, as such, rather hesitant, measures. However, since the Rome II Regulation often leads to the application of the lex loci damni, legislative developments undertaken in European Member States will prove pointless if not coupled with appropriate private international law provisions that guarantee their applicability. Indeed, the enhancement of corporate accountability is a global concern that requires legal disciplines to work hand in hand. Footnotes 1 Available at http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Publications/GuidingPrinciplesBusinessHR_EN.pdf (accessed 26 December 2017). 2 Available at http://www.oecd.org/corporate/mne/1922428.pdf (accessed 26 December 2017). 3 Muzaffer Eroglu, Multinational Enterprises and Tort Liabilities (Edward Elgar 2008), 232–5; Justine Nolan, ‘The Corporate Responsibility to Respect Human Rights: Soft Law or Not Law?’, in Surya Deva and David Bilchitz (eds), Human Rights Obligations of Business: Beyond the Corporate Responsibility to Respect? (Cambridge University Press, 2013), 138–61. 4 However, some related measures are worth mentioning: to start with, the Directive 2014/95/EU as regards disclosure of non-financial and diversity information [2014] OJ L330/1, as well as the accompanying Guidelines on non-financial reporting [2017] OJ C215/1, require large companies to report on the ‘impact of [their] activity, relating to, as a minimum, environmental, social and employee matters, respect for human rights, anti-corruption and bribery matters’, which might well be seen as a ‘revolution’ by accounting with far-reaching impact, see e.g. Peter Hommelhoff, ‘Nicht-finanzielle Ziele im Unternehmen von öffentlichem Interesse: Die Revolution übers Bilanzrecht’, in Reinhard Bork et al. (eds), Festschrift für Bruno M. Kübler zum 70. Geburtstag (Munich 2015), 291 et seq. Second, Art. 1(5) of Directive 2013/50/EU [2013] OJ L294/13, as well as Chapter 10 of Directive 2013/34/EU [2013] OJ L182/19, impose an obligation on issuers active in the exploitation or logging of primary forest to disclose payments made to governments. The objective of these pieces of legislation is to reinforce the accountability of resource-rich governments. Finally, in 2017, the European Union adopted Regulation (EU) 2017/821 [2017] OJ L130/1, laying down supply chain due diligence obligations for Union importers of tin, tantalum, and tungsten, their ores, and gold originating from conflict-affected and high-risk areas, and which aims at stopping forced labour to mine minerals that eventually helps financing armed conflicts. The entry into force of this due diligence duty is scheduled on 1 January 2021. 5 This trend can be traced back to the Kiobel case (Kiobel v. Royal Dutch Petroleum Co., 133 S.Ct. 1659 (2013)), where the US Supreme Court rejected the extraterritorial application of the Alien Tort Statute to human rights violations committed in Nigeria against Nigerian victims. On this case from a private international law perspective, see Chris Thomale, ‘The Forgotten Discipline of Private International Law: Lessons from Kiobel v Royal Dutch Petroleum’, 7 (2016) Transnational Legal Theory, 155 et seq. and 287 et seq. In the near future, the US Supreme Court might further close the door in its forthcoming judgment Jesner v. Arab Bank (on the status of this case see the Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) Blog, http://www.scotusblog.com/case-files/cases/jesner-v-arab-bank-plc, accessed 26 December 2017) in the event that it prohibits the application of the Alien Tort Statute to corporations categorically. For a recent overview of the American approach towards jurisdiction in Alien Tort Statute cases, see (among many others) Stefanie Khoury and David Whyte, Corporate Human Rights Violations: Global Prospects for Legal Action (Routledge, 2017), 77–102; Martin Metz, US-Menschenrechtsklagen und Neoterritorialismus (Peter Lang Publishing, 2017; Studien zum vergleichenden und internationalen Recht vol 194), in particular 14–17 and 19–63; Hans van Loon, The Global Horizon of Private International Law (2016; Collected Courses of the Hague Academy of International Law t 380), 89-94. Regarding our specific research question, two judgments highlight the restrictive approach of US courts regarding jurisdiction over parent companies and their subsidiaries: first, in Goodyear Dunlop Tires Operations, S.A. v. Brown, 564 U.S. 915 (2011), the Court rejected general jurisdiction over foreign subsidiaries of an American company, due to their lack of sufficient contacts with the forum. Second, in Ranza v. Nike, Inc., 793 F.3d 1059 (9th Cir. July 16, 2015), the Ninth Circuit Court confirmed that trend by rejecting jurisdiction over an Amercan company’s foreign subsidiary, which allegedly violated the Employment Act in The Netherlands. Additionally, that Court dismissed the case against the parent company under the forum non conveniens doctrine. 6Okpabi & Ors v Royal Dutch Shell Plc & Anor [2017] EWHC 89 (TCC), 26 January 2017. In Okpabi & Ors v Royal Dutch Shell Plc & Anor (Rev 1) [2018] EWCA Civ 191 (14 February 2018), the Court of Appeal (Civil Division) dismissed the victims’ appeal against the first instance court’s judgment. Unfortunately, the details of this appeal decision could no longer be taken into account for this paper. 7 See above at n 5. Both litigations arise from essentially the same factual situation against the same defendant, but were instituted by different claimants. 8 Claimants may be motivated to start proceedings against the parent company in a European forum for different reasons. To start with, the subsidiary may not have sufficient assets to provide recovery to the claimants. Therefore, the parent company will often be the entity with the ‘deepest pockets’. Then, the infrastructure of the judicial system where the subsidiary is located may be deficient (lack of legal expertise, no legal aid available, absence of impartiality, etc.) and unfavorable to the claimants. Finally, the subsidiary sometimes benefits from the support of the State, which makes this forum unattractive to the claimants. See Peter Nygh, ‘The Liability of Multi-national Corporations for the Torts of Their Subsidiaries’, 3/1 (2002) European Business Organization Law Review, 55–7; Marta Requejo Isidro, ‘Litigación civil internacional por abusos contra derechos humanos: El problema de la competencia judicial internacional’, X (2010) Anuario español de derecho internacional privado, 264; Cees van Dam, ‘Tort Law and Human Rights: Brothers in Arms on the Role of Tort Law in the Area of Business and Human Rights’, 2/3 (2011) Journal of European Tort Law, 228–31. 9Okpabi (n 6) para 9. 10 Regulation (EU) No 1215/2012 of 12 December 2012 on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters [2012] OJ L351/1. 11 Other provisions of the BRIbis would be technically available to claimants like Art. 7(2), the forum for tort and (quasi)-delict, as well as Art. 7(5) which opens a forum in the domicile of a branch. Nevertheless, the usefulness of those provisions is limited in practice: on the one hand, the place where the damage occurred will rarely be located in Europe, unless the claimants prove that the decision of the parent company seated in Europe was taken there and actually led to the damage. In all cases, this provision will lose its added value every time it overlaps with Art. 4 BRIbis. On the other hand, Art. 7(5) only applies when both the parent company and the subsidiary are domiciled in the EU. See Requejo Isidro (n 8) 272–7; Geert van Calster, ‘The Role of Private International Law in Corporate Social Responsibility’, 3 (2014) Erasmus Law Review, 129–30. In the event that all the companies to be sued are located in the European Union and are considered joint tortfeasors under substantive law, other jurisdictional options would be available. For example, one interesting question is whether Art. 8(2) BRIbis would allow claimants to attract co-tortfeasors at the place where the damage occurred. 12Okpabi (n 6) paras 64–8. 13 Case C-281/02 Andrew Owusu v N. B. Jackson, trading as ‘Villa Holidays Bal-Inn Villas’ and Others [2005] ECR I-01383. 14Ibid, paras 37–46. 15 Nevertheless, as Simon Baughen correctly points out, in the event that the defendant seeks a declaration of non-liability in the courts of a third State, the courts where a subsequent, similar action is brought would have discretion to stay proceedings if the conditions of Art. 33 BRIbis are met. As a result, if the proceedings in the court of the third State are concluded and have resulted in a judgment capable of recognition and enforcement, then the court secondly seized shall dismiss proceedings (Art. 33(3) BRIbis). See Simon Baughen, Human Rights and Corporate Wrongs: Closing the Governance Gap (Edward Elgar, 2015), 176. 16Lungowe & Ors v Vedanta Resources Plc & Anor [2016] EWHC 975 (TCC), 27 May 2016. 17 Case C-98/06 Freeport plc v Olle Arnoldsson [2007] ECR I-08319, para 54; Case 352/13 Cartel Damage Claims (CDC) Hydrogen Peroxide SA v Evonik Degussa GmbH and Others [2013], ECLI:EU:C:2015:335, para 28. 18Vedanta (n 16) paras 76-82. The Court of Appeal equally considered that an abusive behaviour could in principle displace the application of Art. 4 BRIbis. However, according to that Court, the argument of RDS and SPDC ‘will only succeed where there is sufficient evidence to show that the party against whom the complaint is made has conducted itself in such a way as “to distort the true purpose of that rule of jurisdiction” ... As the Judge indicated, at [58] of his judgment, there is a high threshold to be overcome for an abuse argument to succeed. It does not do so in the present case’. See Lungowe & Ors v Vedanta Resources Plc & Anor [2017] EWCA Civ 1528, 13 October 2017, para 38. 19Okpabi (n 6) para 69. 20 Along the same line of reasoning, the CJEU already ruled that a co-defendant may be attracted in the forum of a local defendant through Art. 8(1) BRIbis, even though the action against the latter was inadmissible. See Case C-103/05 Reisch Montage AG v Kiesel Baumaschinen Handels GmbH [2006] ECR I-06827, paras 31–3. Accordingly, the Brussels Regulation’s provisions seem to have a relatively strong mandatory force. 21Vedanta (n 16) para 34. 22Okpabi (n 6) para 51. 23 Regulation (EC) No 864/2007 of 11 July 2007 on the law applicable to non-contractual obligations (Rome II) [2007] OJ L199/40. 24Okpabi (n 6) para 51. According to Art. 7 of the Rome II Regulation, the claimant has a right to select the law applicable to the environmental damage. It could either be the law where the damage occurred (Art. 4 Rome II Regulation) or the law where the event giving rise to the damage took place. This alternative strengthens the level of environmental protection, since it refrains companies located in a ‘high-protection’ State to freely pollute in a ‘low-protection’ neighbor State. In England, the claimant may select the applicable law until the judgment. Moreover, under English procedural law, if parties do not plead the application of foreign law and prove its content, English law will in principle apply. See Lord Collins of Mapesbury et al., Dicey, Morris & Collins: The Conflict of Laws (Sweet & Maxwell, 2012; 15th ed; vol 1 and 2), 318–34, 2237–8. 25 Note that the establishment of a duty of care is not the only option available to hold the parent company potentially liable for the acts or omissions of the subsidiary. The (perhaps most common) alternative is the piercing of the corporate veil. For a broader overview of additional options, see Baughen (n 15) 155–66, 179–90; Eroglu (n 3) 140–56; Richard Meeran, ‘Access to Remedy: The United Kingdom Experience of MNC Tort Litigation for Human Rights Violations’, in Surya Deva and David Bilchitz (eds), Human Rights Obligations of Business: Beyond the Corporate Responsibility to Respect? (Cambridge University Press, 2013), 386–93; Nygh (n 8) 63–80; Requejo Isidro (n 8) 283–90; Olivier de Schutter, Extraterritorial Jurisdiction as a Tool for Improving the Human Rights Accountability of Transnational Corporations (22 December 2006), 37–43, available at http://cridho.uclouvain.be/documents/Working.Papers/ExtraterrRep22.12.06.pdf (accessed 26 December 2017). The selection of one option or the other may trigger the application of different laws. On the one hand, in Okpabi, the Court evaluated whether the direct tortious liability of the parent company was involved. Art. 7 of the Rome II Regulation applies to such non-contractual obligations in environmental matters. On the other hand, when courts consider piercing the corporate veil in order to impose indirect liability over the parent company, it is not clear that the Rome II Regulation applies. Indeed, one might rather consider that this is a corporate matter, which is excluded from the Rome II Regulation through its Art. 1(2)(d). For more information regarding this topic, see Uglješa Grušić, ‘International Environmental Litigation in EU Courts: A Regulatory Perspective’, 35 (2016) Yearbook of European Law, 180–228; Nygh (n 8) 63–80. 26Caparo Industries plc v Dickman [1990] 2 AC 605, 8 February 1990. 27 The proximity requirement is often assessed in light of Chandler v Cape Plc [2012] EWCA Civ 525, 25 April 2012, where Justice Arden established four factors, the presence of which advocates the existence of proximity: (i) the two companies operate the same business; (ii) the parent company has a superior/specialist knowledge compared to the subsidiary; (iii) the parent company knows about its subsidiary’s system of work; (iv) the parent company knows that the subsidiary would rely on that knowledge to protect the claimants. These conditions are difficult to fulfil since Thompson v The Renwick Group plc [2014] EWCA Civ 635, 13 May 2014, where the Court of Appeal clarified that there is no sufficient proximity when the parent company appoints the director of the subsidiary. Additionally, the fact that the subsidiary is run as a division of the group and shares some resources with the parent company does not call into question this conclusion. 28Okpabi (n 6) paras 114–15. 29Ibid, para 79. The reasons that led Justice Fraser to restructure the Caparo test are not entirely clear. This second stage of analysis actually looks like an autonomous assessment of the proximity criterion mentioned at n 27. 30 Apparently, the judgment of the Court has been appealed by the claimants. See John Ogilvie et al., ‘Successful Challenge to English Court Jurisdiction over Claims against UK Domiciled Parent Company in Relation to Acts of Subsidiary Abroad’, Herbert Smith Freehills – Litigation Notes (2 February 2017), available at https://hsfnotes.com/litigation/2017/02/02/successful-challenge-to-english-court-jurisdiction-over-claims-against-uk-domiciled-parent-company-in-relation-to-acts-of-subsidiary-abroad/ (accessed 26 December 2017). 31AAA & Ors v Unilever Plc & Anor [2017] EWHC 371 (QB), 27 February 2017. 32 The provision reads as follows: ‘2) The court may order a person to be added as a new party if – (a) it is desirable to add the new party so that the court can resolve all the matters in dispute in the proceedings; or (b) there is an issue involving the new party and an existing party which is connected to the matters in dispute in the proceedings, and it is desirable to add the new party so that the court can resolve that issue.’ 33Unilever (n 31) para 111. 34Ibid, paras 77–8. 35Ibid, paras 125–7. 36Ibid. 37Ibid, para 133. 38Ibid, paras 135–8. 39Ibid, paras 134–71. 40Vedanta (n 18) para 56. 41Ibid, paras 98–135. 42A.F. Akpan v. Royal Dutch Shell, plc, case number C/09/337050 / HA ZA 09-1580 (District Court of The Hague), 30 January 2013. All court documents regarding the Akpan case are available at https://milieudefensie.nl/english/shell/courtcase/documents (accessed 26 December 2017). Although the judgment of the District Court is currently under appeal, a preliminary verdict was issued by the Court of Appeal of The Hague on 17 December 2015, where it upheld the first instance court’s judgment regarding jurisdictional questions. For more information on the procedural history of the case, see Cees van Dam, Preliminary Judgments Dutch Court of Appeal in the Shell Nigeria Case, available at http://www.ceesvandam.info/default.asp?fileid=643 (accessed 26 December 2017); van Loon (n 5), 96–8. Note that the District Court ruled on two relatively similar cases, namely Dooh et al. v. Royal Dutch Shell PLC and Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria LTD et al. and Oguru and Efanga et al. v. Royal Dutch Shell PLC and Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria LTD et al., both available on Milieudefensie’s website mentioned above. 43 Lee James McConnell, ‘Establishing Liability for Multinational Oil Companies in Parent/Subsidiary Relationships’, 56/2 (2014) Environmental Law Review, 91–2. 44Akpan (n 42) para 4.3. 45Ibid. 46 Nicola Jägers et al., ‘The Future of Corporate Liability for Extraterritorial Human Rights Abuses: the Dutch Case against Shell’, (2014) AJIL Unbound, 40. 47Akpan (n 42) paras 4.8–10. 48 See above at n 26. and accompanying text. 49 Interestingly, Liesbeth Enneking notes that ‘if the case had been decided on the basis of Dutch tort law, which is less restrictive than English tort law when it comes to assuming a duty to act in civil liability cases pertaining to omissions, the court might have decided differently on the issue of parent company liability’. See Liesbeth Enneking, ‘The Future of Foreign Direct Liability? Exploring the International Relevance of the Dutch Shell Nigeria Case’, 10/1 (2014) Utrecht Law Review, 52. 50Akpan (n 42) para 4.31. 51Ibid, para 4.33. 52Ibid. 53Ibid, para 4.34. 54 Alternatively, Art. 9 of the Dutch Code of Civil Procedure provides for a forum necessitatis, in the event that access to courts abroad is barred or due process is not guaranteed. See Alex Geert Castermans and Jeroen van der Weide, ‘The Legal Liability of Dutch Parent Companies for Subsidiaries’ Involvement in Violations of Fundamental, Internationally Recognised Rights’, (15 December 2009), 45–7, available at https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract-id=1626225 (accessed 27 December 2017). 55 The English translation of this provision is available at http://www.dutchcivillaw.com/civilprocedureleg.htm (accessed 27 December 2017). 56 Case C-145/10 Eva-Maria Painer v Standard VerlagsGmbH and Others [2013] ECR I-12533. 57Ibid, para 81. 58 Francisco Garcimartín, Derecho internacional privado (Civitas, 2016; 3rd ed), 141. 59Akpan (n 42) para 4.1. 60Ibid, para 4.6. This is in line with the Reisch Montage case (n 20). 61Ibid, 4.35–61. 62 See Regional Court of Dortmund, docket no. 7 O 95/15, proceedings pending in first instance. 63 Regional Court of Dortmund, ‘Landgericht Dortmund gewährt pakistanischen Klägern Prozesskostenhilfe für ein Klageverfahren gegen “KiK” auf Zahlung von Schmerzensgeld und holt in der Hauptsache schriftliches Rechtsgutachten zum pakistanischen Recht ein’ (Press Release of 30 August 2016), available at http://www.lg-dortmund.nrw.de/ behoerde/presse/Pressemitteilungen/PM-KiK_docx.pdf (accessed 27 December 2017). 64 Federal Court of Justice, judgment of 22 November 1994, docket no. XI ZR 45/91, 1995 Neue Juristische Wochenschrift (NJW) 1225, at 1226, regarding joint tortfeasors vis-à-vis capital investors (‘churning’). See also Reinhard Patzina, Münchener Kommentar zur Zivilprozessordnung (Munich, 2016; 5th ed), section 32 para. 14. 65 It is generally held in Germany that Pakistani judgments are not to be recognized in Germany under section 328(1) no. 5 German Code of Civil Procedure because German judgments would not be recognized in Pakistan (‘principle of reciprocity’). See e.g. Peter Gottwald, Münchener Kommentar zur Zivilprozessordnung (Munich, 2016; 5th ed), section 328, para. 151, sub ‘Pakistan’; Dirk Otto, in Geimer/Schütze (eds), Internationaler Rechtsverkehr (Munich, 2017; vol. VI), sub O. ‘Country Reports’, sub ‘Pakistan’, 1109 et seq. 66 See also Wolfgang Hau, Deutscher Bundestag, Nationaler Aktionsplan Wirtschaft und Menschenrechte (Berlin, 28 September 2015; Hearing 5), sub 5: ‘Internationales Zivilprozessrecht’: ‘passive Streitgenossenschaft’. 67 See e.g. Haimo Schack, Internationales Zivilverfahrensrecht (Munich, 2017; 7th ed), 159 at para 409: risk of abuse, but this risk appears to be manageable if sufficient and substantial weight is attributed to the quality of the nexus. 68 Published in the French Official Journal on 28 March 2017. An overview of the legislative evolution of this law is available either on the website of the Senate (https://www.senat.fr/dossier-legislatif/ppl14-376.html, accessed 27 December 2017) or on the website of the National Assembly (http://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/14/dossiers/devoir_vigilance_entreprises_donneuses_ordre.asp, accessed 27 December 2017). 69 The Rana Plaza building, where important European companies produced clothes, collapsed in 2013 and killed more than 1,000 workers. 70 Dominique Potier, Rapport fait au nom de la Commission des lois constitutionnelles, de la législation et de l’administration générale de la République sur la proposition de loi (n° 2578), relative au devoir de vigilance des sociétés mères et des entreprises donneuses d’ordre, 61–2, available at http://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/14/rapports/r2628.asp (accessed 27 December 2017). 71Ibid, 64–5. 72Ibid, 78. Originally, civil liability had to be coupled with the possibility to impose fines (up to €10,000,000) on companies. However, the provisions related to the latter option have been invalidated by the Constitutional Council because of their lack of precision. The decision of the Council is available at http://www.conseil-constitutionnel.fr/conseil-constitutionnel/francais/actualites/2017/decision-2017-750-dc-[devoir-de-vigilance-des-societes-meres].148856.html (accessed 27 December 2017). 73 Sandra Cossart and Marie-Laure Guislain, ‘Le devoir de vigilance pour les entreprises multinationales, un impératif juridique pour une économie durable. Pourquoi le raisonnement juridique ne peut pas constituer un obstacle aux choix politiques’, 104 (May 2015) Revue Lamy de Droit des Affaires, 77–8. 74 Pierre-Louis Périn, ‘Devoir de vigilance et responsabilité illimitée des entreprises : qui trop embrasse mal étreint’, 2 (April-June 2015) Revue trimestrielle de droit commercial, 217–18; Observations du Gouvernement sur la loi relative au devoir de vigilance des sociétés mères et des entreprises donneuses d'ordre (28 March 2017), para 1.A., available at https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichTexte.do?cidTexte=JORFTEXT000034290672&categorieLien=id (accessed 27 December 2017). 75 The following arguments regarding the application of the Rome II Regulation are developed by Cossart and Guislain (n 73) 80; van Calster (n 11) 130–1; van Dam (n 8) 231–2. 76 The initiative populaire is regulated at Art. 139 of the Swiss Constitution. The gathering of signatures started in April 2015 and the deposit of the text took place on 16 October 2016. 77 The text of the Initiative is available at https://www.admin.ch/ch/f/pore/vi/vis462t.html (accessed 27 December 2017). 78 The adoption of such a presumption was discussed in France, but eventually discarded. See Cossart and Guislain (n 73) 76; Périn (n 74) 223. 79Rapport explicatif de l’initiative populaire fédérale ‘Entreprises responsables – pour protéger l’être humain et l’environnement’, available at http://konzern-initiative.ch/de-quoi-il-s-agit/?lang=fr (accessed 27 December 2017). 80Ibid, 20–1. 81 Federal Council, Message relatif à l’initiative populaire ‘Entreprises responsables – pour protéger l’être humain et l’environnement’ (15 September 2017), 6023, available at https://www.admin.ch/opc/fr/federal-gazette/2017/5999.pdf (accessed 27 December 2017). 82 Vivian Grosswald, ‘Harmonizing Multinational Parent Company Liability for Foreign Subsidiary Human Rights Violations’, 17/2 (2017) Chicago Journal of International Law, 417–19, suggests that both reluctance to act unilaterally and comity concerns are the central arguments against the enactment of more stringent legislations regarding parent corporate liability. 83 Federal Foreign Office, National Action Plan for Business and Human Rights, available at https://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/en/aussenpolitik/themen/aussenwirtschaft/161221-nap-kabinett-node (accessed 27 December 2017). For the respective Action Plans by other EU Member States as suggested by the EU in its own CSR Strategy see http://ec.europa.eu/growth/industry/corporate-social-responsibility/in-practice_en (accessed 27 December 2017). 84 See above n 1. 85 Federal Foreign Office (n 83). 86 See e.g. Deutsches Institut für Menschenrechte, Stellungnahme zur Verabschiedung des deutschen Nationalen Aktionsplans für Wirtschaft und Menschenrechte (Berlin 2016), http://www.institut-fuer-menschenrechte.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Publikationen/Stellungnahmen/Stellungnahme_Verabschiedung_NAP_Wirtschaft_und_Menschenrechte.pdf (accessed 27 December 2017). 87 E.g. Gerhard Wagner, Haftung für Menschenrechtsverletzungen, 80 (2016) RabelsZ, 718 et seq., at 779 et seq. 88 Deutsches Institut für Menschenrechte (n 86) 9 et seq. © The Author(s) (2018). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Unidroit. All rights reserved. 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10.1093/ulr/uny018
Abstract Over the last few years, litigation in European courts against gross human rights violations and widespread environmental disasters has intensified. Recent case law shows that victims domiciled in third States have attempted to start proceedings in Europe, where the parent company of a negligent local subsidiary is seated. In light of this, national courts of the EU have been asked to determine whether the parent company located in the State of the court seized with the matter may serve as an ‘anchor defendant’ for claims against its foreign subsidiary. In Okpabi & Ors v Royal Dutch Shell Plc & Anor, Akpan v RDS, and KiK, national courts’ assessment regarding international jurisdiction has significantly diverged. Unsatisfied with this result, some States have adopted—or are in the process of adopting—legislation that establishes or reinforces the duty of care or vigilance of parent companies directly towards victims. This article examines the latest legislative developments that took place in France, Switzerland, and Germany. Notably, many States have opted for the amendment of their substantive law (only) rather than (additionally) for the modification of private international law rules. I. Introduction The globalization of trade, coupled with the rise of technologies, has created new opportunities for companies to expand their commercial activities over national borders. At the same time, however, the pressure of globalized markets has fostered aggressive competition between operators. In such a context, international trade has given rise to (no longer so) new kinds of harms, which may damage large groups of people or society as a whole. From a legal perspective, therefore, such a result requires the delineation of corporate responsibility standards and the promotion of access to remedies. At the international level, significant efforts have been made to raise companies’ awareness of the transnational impact of their activities and their corresponding consequences. For instance, the well-known ‘Ruggie Principles’1 and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development’s Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises2 encourage the observance of human rights by multinationals. Nevertheless, these efforts are not legally enforceable against corporations and perhaps not sufficient to induce a more respectful behaviour.3 As for the European institutions, these have not adopted a legislative act on this topic yet.4 In this context, the following text focuses on a specific question: whether the parent company located in the State of the court seized with the matter may serve as an ‘anchor defendant’ for claims against its foreign subsidiary. This inquiry is part of a broader topic and concern regarding the ability of private international law rules on jurisdiction to provide an accessible forum to victims of human rights violations or environmental disasters. In Europe, the question has gained interest, given the intensification of litigation against parent companies for human rights violations as well as the increasingly restrictive approach of US courts regarding jurisdiction in these matters. Indeed, those courts have toughened the requirements that enable them to assert jurisdiction over environmental or human rights violations that have occurred outside their territory.5 Section II of this article surveys those jurisdictional concerns in Europe. In particular, the recent English judgment Okpabi & Ors v Royal Dutch Shell Plc & Anor is a telling example in this respect.6 In this case, one of the European ‘counterparts’ to the US case Kiobel,7 the English High Court, Queen’s Bench Division, by its Technology and Construction Court, decided that it had no international jurisdiction to hear claims in tort against the Nigerian subsidiary of Shell in connection with environmental and health damages due to oil pollution in the context of the group’s oil production in Nigeria. English case law illustrates the current struggle of national courts to deal with human rights violations or environmental disasters when these take place in third States and are attributable to local subsidiaries. This question will be discussed from a comparative perspective. Following this, section III of this article puts the spotlight on legislative developments in the rest of Europe. Unsatisfied with the present situation, some States have adopted—or are in the process of adopting—legislation that establishes or reinforces the duty of care or vigilance of parent companies directly towards victims. Notably, those States have opted for the amendment of their substantive law rather than the modification of private international law rules. However, both disciplines should work hand in hand in order to come up with satisfying results. II. Jurisdiction over parent companies and their subsidiaries: selected case law 1. Okpabi The Okpabi case deals with liability for oil pollution in Nigeria. We use this emblematic case in the following paragraphs as a tool to guide our private international law reasoning. We further develop our analysis with a view to additional English case law. All selected judgments follow the same pattern: they involve actions—for injunctive relief and/or damages—against a parent company seated in the United Kingdom (UK) and a subsidiary located in a third State, which is the place where the damage occurred. A. Facts Okpabi involves two sets of proceedings against Royal Dutch Shell plc (RDS), a holding company incorporated in the UK, and Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria (SPDC), a Nigerian production company. In particular, the claimants started proceedings in the English courts8 against RDS and SPDC for the economic and environmental damages that oil spills emanating from SPDC’s pipelines caused. The ‘class’ of victims was composed of Nigerian nationals, many of whom belonged to the Nigerian Ogale community. They essentially argued that both the SPDC’s defective maintenance policy and the theft of crude oil (‘bunkering’), which is committed on a regular basis, seriously polluted the environment and harmed the Nigerian Ogale Community’s livelihood. For this reason, the claimants brought an action for injunctive relief as well as for damages. The Court assessed jurisdictional challenges together for both sets of proceedings, as they generate relatively similar questions. From a structural perspective, the Court first examined whether the claimants possessed a legitimate claim against RDS that would enable them to pursue their actions against the said defendant in the UK. As we explain in section II.2, the Court concluded that no real issue against RDS had to be tried. Therefore, the second step of the jurisdictional analysis, whereby the Court would consider whether a claim against SPDC should proceed in England and Wales was discarded, as there was no anchor defendant and no self-standing ground of jurisdiction. It has to be highlighted that the assessment of jurisdictional challenges, as a preliminary issue, does not require a full exposition of questions of fact and law.9 B. The claim against Royal Dutch Shell (RDS) a. Article 4 of the Brussels Regulation (Recast) Article 4 of the Brussels I Regulation (recast) (BRIbis),10 which allocates jurisdiction to the courts of the defendant’s domicile, enables Nigerian claimants to start proceedings against RDS in the UK.11 Since RDS has its domicile in the European Union (EU), the Court correctly recalls that the jurisdictional grounds contained in the Regulation are mandatory in nature. In other words, European private international law rules on jurisdiction do not leave any room for the application of any forum non conveniens doctrine that is usually available in States of common law tradition.12 Specifically, in Owusu,13 the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) explained that the application of such a doctrine would undermine the principle of legal certainty, which represents the cornerstone of the Brussels regime.14 In the case at issue, therefore, the analysis regarding the application of Article 4 of the BRIbis is straightforward: claimants may sue RDS in its domicile, and further challenges regarding the appropriateness of such a forum must be rejected.15 In Vedanta,16 a case that involved a claim against a parent company seated in the UK and its subsidiary for the pollution of the Kafue River in Zambia, as well as the adverse consequences of such an occurrence on the local population, Justice Coulson spent more time in his judgment dealing with challenges against Article 4 of the BRIbis. Although it was clear that the defendants could not invoke the forum non conveniens doctrine under the lex fori to reject the application of said provision, they argued that the claim brought against the parent company was a device, the sole purpose of which was to attract the subsidiary in the UK. Relying on the CJEU’s case law on Article 8(1) of the BRIbis, the defendants sustained that the action brought against them was abusive. Indeed, according to the European case law related to this provision, a defendant shall not be attracted outside the Member State where it is domiciled if the sole purpose is to oust it from this natural forum.17 In absence of European case law on this question in relation to Article 4 of the BRIbis, it is not certain that the application of that provision should be rejected in case claimants use the Regulation in an ‘abusive’ manner. On the one hand, it is doubtful to what extent the Regulation actually permits abusive strategic behaviour by the parties. In this sense, it is useful to recall that the Brussels regime looks at forum shopping unfavourably. On the other hand, however, one must acknowledge that Article 8(1) of the BRIbis aims at preserving the reasonable expectation of the defendant that it will be sued in its domicile. Following this line of reasoning, it is rather contradictory, if not bizarre, to use this argument to then reject the application of Article 4 of the BRIbis. In Vedanta, the Technology and Construction Court eventually concluded that a claim that raises a ‘real issue’ between the claimants and the anchor defendant can hardly be considered a mere device.18 Back to the Okpabi case, the Court recalled that the availability of the forum presumes that the claimants possess an actual claim against the defendant. In other words, in the Court’s view neither the Regulation nor the Owusu case removes the necessity under the lex fori that ‘a real issue to be tried against RDS’ exists.19 In order to determine the prima facie existence of a claim, it is necessary to dive into the merits of the case. As the Court pointed out, however, the burden to prove that point should not be a high one. Since the CJEU did not rule on this particular issue either, it is not clear whether the application of Article 4 of the BRIbis actually requires, or allows at all, the national court to require that a valid claim be brought against the defendant. On the one hand, the mandatory force of Article 4 of the BRIbis could impede that any argument regarding the admissibility of the claim be made.20 Accordingly, courts should not be able to merge considerations regarding the strength or the meritorious character of an action with its analysis concerning jurisdiction. Therefore, courts would have to examine the admissibility of a claim only after having asserted jurisdiction over the case. Following this line of reasoning, the Court of Appeal in Vedanta upheld Justice Coulson’s judgment and reinforced the mandatory nature of Article 4 of the BRIbis by stating that the ‘effect of the CJEU decision in Owusu v. Jackson is that article 4 of the Recast Regulation precludes the English Court from declining what is a mandatory jurisdiction where the defendant is a company domiciled in England and Wales’.21 Additionally, the Court did not further develop whether a valid claim is needed for Article 4 of the BRIbis to apply. Therefore, this could confirm that the admissibility of the claim is irrelevant as far as jurisdiction is concerned. On the other hand, however, Justice Fraser’s decision in Okpabi calls into question the absolute mandatory nature of Article 4 of the BRIbis. It is true that only a person with an actual claim would in principle sue the defendant in the courts of its domicile. Therefore, according to Justice Fraser’s reasoning, it is not unreasonable for courts to accept jurisdiction only where there is a ‘real issue to be tried’. In case such reasoning is endorsed, however, one might wonder how high the burden of proof should be. b. The validity of the claim Following this, therefore, the English Court examined the validity of the claims against RDS in an attempt to determine the reach of its jurisdictional power. It did so according to English law. To be more precise, the acts and omissions that occurred before 11 January 2009 are governed by English law as it represents the most appropriate one, pursuant to sections 77 and 1.2 of the Private International Law Act 1995.22 Then, according to Article 7 of the Rome II Regulation,23 which applies to the acts and omissions that took place after 11 January 2009, the law of England and Wales is applicable since it is the place where the event giving rise to the damage occurred.24 According to English case law, the validity of a claim against the parent company will be substantiated if the latter owes a duty of care towards the claimants.25 Therefore, the Court in Okpabi adopted a two-stage analysis. The first one consists in applying the well-known Caparo test, which was developed by the House of Lords in Caparo Industries plc v Dickman and requires the fulfilment of three conditions.26 Specifically, the damage must have been foreseeable for the anchor defendant; a certain proximity has to exist between the claimants and said defendant;27 and, finally, imposing a duty of care on the defendant must be fair, just, and reasonable. In the case at issue, the Court concluded that no duty of care could reasonably be imposed on RDS. It relied on the following indicia in order to support its analysis.28 To start with, RDS does not directly hold shares in SPDC. Moreover, RDS is not an operating company, and it does not possess the relevant license to conduct operations in Nigeria. Moreover, it appears that RDS does not influence its subsidiary’s management. In this context, the Court noted that although two members of RDS were part of the Executive Committee of SPDC, they still represented a minority. Finally, it does not seem fair, just, and reasonable to impose a duty of care on RDS since this would amount to the creation of an indeterminate liability on the parent company for its acts and omissions globally. Relying on previous case law, Justice Fraser then added that the Court must decide whether the parent company was in a better position to prevent the harm because of its superior knowledge and expertise.29 Additionally, the subsidiary must have relied on the parent company and its knowledge in order to avoid the harm. In the case at issue, the Court observed the general corporate structure of the Shell group and recalled that, under English law, companies are separate entities, and membership in the same group does not mean that a parent company is automatically responsible for the acts or omissions of its subsidiaries. The Court then reiterated that RDS did not undertake any operational activities in Nigeria. Furthermore, it appears that the parent company neither supervised its Nigerian subsidiary nor transferred knowledge. To conclude, since claimants did not possess any actual claim against RDS, there was no defendant to be anchored to. Hence, the claimants could not attract SPDC in England—at least in first instance.30 For the sake of this article and in order to be exhaustive, we will still proceed to examine whether jurisdiction for the subsidiary would have been available in the event that the claimants’ action against the anchor defendant would have had a real prospect of success, as was the case in Vedanta. We use this case, as well as the Unilever case,31 to support our reasoning. C. The claim against the subsidiary In the event that there is a real issue to be tried against the anchor defendant, the next question to be solved is whether the subsidiary can be attracted in the UK, which corresponds to the domicile of the parent company. Article 8(1) of the BRIbis is irrelevant in this case since it only enables a person domiciled in a Member State to be sued in the domicile of a co-defendant. As a result, when the subsidiary is located in a third State, national rules on civil procedure apply. Under English law, the requirements of paragraph 3.1(3) of Practice Direction 6B must be fulfilled. According to this provision, ‘a claim is made against a person (“the defendant”) on whom the claim form has been or will be served … and—(a) there is between the claimant and the defendant a real issue which it is reasonable for the court to try; and (b) the claimant wishes to serve the claim form on another person who is a necessary or proper party to that claim’. In Vedanta, the Court extracted a five-step test from this provision, whereby a court must answer the following questions: does the claimants’ claim against the subsidiary have a real prospect of success (Step 1); if so, is there a real issue between the claimants and the anchor defendant (Step 2); is it reasonable for the court to try that issue (Step 3); is the subsidiary a necessary or a proper party to the claim against the anchor defendant (Step 4); and is England the proper place in which to bring the claim (Step 5)? Steps 2 and 3 relate to the validity of the claim against the anchor defendant. It corresponds to the analysis we undertook in the previous part of this article. Therefore, we do not repeat it here. We recall that Article 4 of the BRIbis limits the court’s margin of manoeuvre under Step 3; (at least) as long as a ‘real issue’ is to be tried, the Brussels regime opens a forum in the defendant’s domicile, and further considerations regarding the appropriateness of this forum under the forum non conveniens doctrine are not allowed. The remaining steps concern the claim against the subsidiary. In particular, the Court must determine whether such a claim has a real prospect of success in accordance with the appropriate applicable law. This requirement should be easily met since the subsidiary will usually be the actor conducting operations in the State where the damage occurred and substantive law will in principle punish the allegedly unlawful behaviour. As far as Step 4 is concerned, it corresponds to the condition expressed in paragraph 3.1(3)(b), which states that a claim will be served on a person located overseas in case it is considered a ‘necessary or proper party’ to that claim. It has been established by case law that this test is as broad as the Court’s power to order a joinder under Rule 19.2(2) of the Civil Procedure Rules (CPR).32 Finally, although the requirements of said paragraphs are fulfilled, it is important to note that English courts still have the power to reject the service on a subsidiary located outside the EU under Rule 6.37(3) of the CPR. To be more specific, where a court is not persuaded that England and Wales is the proper place in which to bring the claim, it can reject the service of that claim. In order to illustrate these rather dogmatic considerations, we take the recent Unilever and Vedanta cases as examples. Unilever involved a claim brought by Kenyan nationals against a holding parent company located in the UK, on the one hand, and a subsidiary that operated a tea plantation in Kenya, on the other. Its employees were victims of ethnic violations, which took place after the Kenyan presidential election of 2007. To be more specific, after the announcement of the result of the elections, a group of armed men invaded the tea plantation, destroyed homes, and assaulted people from rival tribes. As a result, claimants started proceedings against both companies in the UK, alleging that the defendants had failed to provide them due protection. In this case, Justice Elisabeth Laing concluded that, like in Okpabi, the claim against the parent company raised no real issue.33 Nevertheless, the Court continued its analysis on the assumption that such a claim would have a real prospect of success. To start with, the Court explained that, according to the parties, Kenyan law applied to the claim against the subsidiary.34 Following that law, Justice Laing concluded that the Occupiers’ Liability Act did not impose a duty on the subsidiary to protect the claimants from an attack, such as the one that occurred after the 2007 elections.35 Indeed, the duty that is imposed by the Kenyan legislation is much narrower than the one that was pleaded. Therefore, the Court established that the claim against the subsidiary had no prospect of success.36 Otherwise, the Court would have to determine, additionally, whether the subsidiary is a ‘necessary or proper’ party to the claim brought against the parent company. In Unilever, the Court answered positively to that question since both actions required one investigation.37 Moreover, they refered to the same facts and legal principles. Finally, they concerned the same losses and involved similar causation arguments. The last question that would have to be examined is whether England and Wales was the proper forum where the claim against the subsidiary should be brought. Referring to the Connelly v RTZ case, the Court stated that the defendant would have to demonstrate that another, more appropriate forum, exists.38 Then it would be for the claimant to show that substantial justice cannot be achieved in that forum, for example, by proving the lack of funding and the impossibility to have access to justice.39 In Vedanta, the Court of Appeal validated a different conclusion. Specifically, Justices Jackson, Simon, and Asplin considered that the claim against the subsidiary had a real prospect of success, inasmuch as the latter operated the mine that discharged toxic substances into the local waters and that Zambian law imposed a strict liability on such behaviour.40 Additionally, like in Unilever, the Court of Appeal confirmed that the subsidiary was a necessary and proper party to the claim and that England and Wales was the proper place in which to bring the claims.41 2. Akpan The Dutch courts also had to deal with claims regarding oil spills allegedly caused by the negligence of RDS and SPDC. In Akpan v RDS, a Nigerian farmer and fisherman sued both RDS and SPDC in the District Court of The Hague, alleging that oil spills harmed his livelihood.42 In particular, spills were due to a lack of maintenance of a wellhead and inadequate safety measures leading to sabotage. In these proceedings, the claimant was supported by Milieudefensie, an association promoting environmental care. Although RDS is registered in the UK, Dutch courts can assert jurisdiction over the action under Articles 4 and 63(1) of the BRIbis in view of the fact that the company is actually headquartered in the Netherlands.43 Against the interlocutory judgment on jurisdiction, the defendants argued that the start of proceedings in the Netherlands constituted an abuse of law since the claimant’s action against RDS was certain to fail.44 The District Court of The Hague rejected this defence and stated that: the claims against RDS could not be designated as clearly certain to fail beforehand, because beforehand it could be defended that under certain circumstances, based on Nigerian law, the parent company of a subsidiary may be liable based on the tort of negligence against people who suffered damage as a result of the activities of that (sub-) subsidiary.45 In other words, the Dutch Court concluded that it had jurisdiction since, under Nigerian law, a claim against the parent company may be brought. Interestingly, the Court did not enter further into the merits of the case but merely observed abstractly whether a claim would be possible under substantive law.46 At the same time, the Court did not exclude categorically an argument of abuse under Article 4 of the BRIbis based on the prospects of success in the subject matter. Once the District Court of The Hague asserted jurisdiction over the actions, it determined that the existence of a potential duty of care towards the claimants should be assessed according to Nigerian law.47 Since the latter was deemed to resemble English law, the Court proceeded to apply the Caparo test.48 It eventually concluded that RDS did not assume any duty of care and, thus, should not be held liable for the oil spills that occurred in 2006 and 2007.49 To support its analysis, the Court explained that RDS was not engaged in oil production in Nigeria, contrary to SPDC.50 Therefore, it was not clear that the parent company should have a better knowledge regarding the prevention of risks. Therefore, it could not be assumed that RDS had the obligation to intervene in the subsidiary’s policy to avoid the damage at issue.51 As a result, the Court found no proximity between the claimants and RDS, nor did it find it fair, just, and reasonable to impose a duty of care on the latter.52 For this reason, the District Court dismissed all claims against RDS.53 As far as SPDC was concerned, the District Court in The Hague relied on section 7(1) of the Dutch Code of Civil Procedure in order to attract the subsidiary in the Netherlands.54 Section 7(1) (in translation) reads as follows: In the event that the Dutch court has jurisdiction over one of the defendants in matters that must be initiated by a writ of summons, the Dutch court also has jurisdiction over other defendants involved in the same proceedings, provided the claims against the various defendants are connected to such an extent that reasons of efficiency justify a joint hearing.55 In an attempt to strike the application of this provision, the defendants argued that the basis of the two claims against them was not the same. They relied on European case law, which should apply to the Dutch provision by analogy. In Painer, for example, the CJEU ruled that a difference in legal basis between various actions does not per se impede the application of Article 8(1) of the BRIbis,56 provided that it was foreseeable by the defendants that they could be sued in the domicile of one of the defendants.57 Following this line of reasoning, SPDC argued that it could not predict being sued in the courts of the Netherlands. The District Court rejected both arguments. In its opinion, the actions against both defendants shared the same basis since they were accused of tort of negligence under Nigerian law. Additionally, defendants could have predicted the start of the proceedings in the Dutch courts, provided the current trend continued to hold parent companies liable for the acts or omissions of their subsidiaries located overseas. Regarding this last statement, we would rather suggest that what creates predictability is the existence of a previous link between the defendants and not the knowledge of international litigation practices.58 In this case, it is the corporate structure of the Shell group that makes the attraction of the subsidiary in the Dutch forum foreseeable. Eventually, the District Court considered that reasons of efficiency justified the extension of its jurisdictional power over the Nigerian subsidiary.59 In this sense, Dutch law seems to have more power of attraction than English law, which allows courts to reject the service of a claim on a co-defendant seated outside the EU, provided that the UK is not the right forum to rule over the action. Importantly, the Dutch Court emphasized that it would retain jurisdiction over SPDC, even though the claims against the parent company were eventually dismissed. It would do so even if ‘no connection or hardly any connection would remain with Dutch jurisdiction’.60 On the merits, the District Court of The Hague found that SPDC violated its duty of care towards the claimant. Specifically, the subsidiary should have realized that a risk of sabotage of the well was high.61 Accordingly, the company had to take the appropriate measures to prevent that risk. 3. KiK As opposed to the UK and the Netherlands, there are no comparable cases in Germany. This is because the German national procedural law applicable to third State defendants does not provide for an equivalent forum connexitatis like in Article 8(1) of the BRIbis, paragraph 3.1(3) of the UK Practice Direction 6B, or section 7(1) of the Dutch Code of Civil Procedure. This may be illustrated by a recent litigation, the KiK litigation,62 which was instituted in Germany and structurally resembles the Okpabi and Akpan cases, at least to a certain extent. On 11 September 2012, 260 workers of Ali Enterprises in Karachi, Pakistan, died in a fire at the production site, 32 workers were injured. The German textile importer and reseller KiK Textilien and Non-Food GmbH, seated in Bönen, Germany, was the main buyer for Ali Enterprises. On 15 March 2015, four Pakistani victims instituted proceedings at the Regional Court of Dortmund, Germany, (solely) against KiK for damages of €30.000 each for pain and suffering. The claimants argued that KiK, as the main buyer, was placed under vicarious liability for its (economically dependent) supplier as well as under liability for negligence in regard to the safety of the workers. The claimants submitted, inter alia, that the windows were barred and the emergency exits blocked. According to the decision of 29 August 2016, the Court granted legal aid on the grounds that, in the main proceedings, Pakistani law would apply. Therefore, the Court would need to retain expert evidence on Pakistani law, and in order to enable the claimants to pay for the necessary upfront fees to the Court, they would be entitled to legal aid.63 Indeed, according to Article 4(1) of the Rome II Regulation, the law of the place where the harmful effects occurred applies. To be sure, this case must be distinguished from Okpabi and Akpan in that it concerned supply chain relations rather than groups of enterprises with their local subsidiaries. But, as we will show in section III, the current legislative trends in Europe to improve the situation of claimants in developing countries encompass both groups of enterprises and supply chain relations by establishing and/or reinforcing direct delictual responsibility of the parent and main buyers respectively. Nevertheless, it remains telling for the special situation in Germany that the claimants in KiK did not also raise claims against the local producer that would be directly responsible for the damage. As was already mentioned, there is no general forum connexitatis under German autonomous procedural law. Nor did the claimants take up any line of argument driving towards a liability of joint tortfeasors to establish delictual jurisdiction for both of the tortfeasors at all places of harmful effect and acting by mutual imputation of the respective contributions to the damage that would theoretically be available under the delictual jurisdiction in section 32 of the German Code of Civil Procedure.64 But this was due to the fact that the claimants in KiK, as opposed to the claimants in Okpabi and Akpan, sought to concentrate on receiving damages by solvent debtors rather than obtaining additional injunctive relief to achieve improvements locally. Even if this latter interest had been part of the picture in KiK, there would of course be the issue of recognition and enforcement of a German decision in Pakistan.65 Be that as it may, Germany should, in light of the comparative legal analysis undertaken here in regard to the BRIbis, the UK, and the Netherlands, reconsider its restrictive position on the forum connexitatis.66 But, as we will see in section III.3, Germany took a restrictive stand not only on the level of jurisdiction (which is not connected to the specific cases discussed here and the grounds on general policy considerations67) but also and particularly on the level of substantive law-making when it comes to shaping the responsibility of German multinational companies for their foreign corporate or supply chain relations. III. Current trends in law-making Our analysis of the Okpabi, Akpan, and KiK cases shows that national courts’ assessment regarding jurisdiction over parent companies and their subsidiaries for violations committed abroad diverge. Moreover, their private international law legislations do not always easily permit the attraction of the subsidiary in a European forum. Therefore, courts do not follow any common pattern in the way they accept or reject jurisdiction. In light of these uncertainties, some States have enacted—or are about to enact—legislative measures that reinforce corporate responsibility and accountability for human rights violations and damages to the environment. As we explain below, the current trend consists in amending substantive law rather than private international law. 1. France On 21 February 2017, the Loi n° 2017–399 du 27 mars 2017 relative au devoir de vigilance des sociétés mères et des entreprises donneuses d’ordre (Duty of Vigilance Law) was adopted.68 According to this legislation, parent companies of a certain size have a legal obligation to establish a vigilance plan (plan de vigilance), the objective of which consists in identifying risks and preventing human rights violations, including the protection of the environment, health, and labour conditions. The failure to implement such a plan will incur the liability of parent companies for damages that a well-executed plan could have avoided. This legislation, which was supported by the French left wing party, was designed to avoid social and environmental catastrophes, such as the Rana Plaza tragedy in India.69 The French legislative power reacted by enacting the Duty of Vigilance Law, which reinforces the obligation of parent companies to control the activities of their subsidiaries located in other States. In particular, the newly adopted French law amends the Code de commerce (Commercial Code or FCC) and, in particular, its chapter concerning public limited companies (sociétés anonymes) by introducing Articles L.225-102-4–5. These provisions state that both parent companies localized in France, which employ more than 5,000 workers in their premises or through subsidiaries, as well as parent companies employing more than 10,000 people worldwide, disregarding the State of their domicile, must establish a vigilance plan. Therefore, the obligation to launch such a plan concerns both French companies and multinationals whose seat might be located in France or abroad. Although the connecting factor that would oblige foreign multinationals to comply with the requirements of the FCC is rather unclear, it is reasonable to assume that, at least, the presence of a subsidiary on French territory should trigger the obligation to provide a vigilance plan.70 In regard to the content of such a plan, the Duty of Vigilance Law does not offer much detail. According to Article L.225-102-4 of the FCC, the plan must contain reasonable vigilance measures, including (i) the identification, analysis, and categorization of potential risks; (ii) the assessment of the efficiency of the vigilance measures; (iii) actions aiming at mitigating risks and preventing serious damages; (iv) an alert mechanism; and (v) an evaluation procedure. The vigilance plan applies to the parent company and its subsidiaries as well as to subcontractors and suppliers. Under French law, when a company holds more than half of the capital share of another company, the latter is considered a subsidiary of the first (Article L.233-1 of the FCC). Under the Duty of Vigilance Law, it does not matter whether the parent company directly holds shares in the subsidiary. Indirect control falls equally under the material scope of the law.71 Notably, vigilance duties are not limited to entities linked by a corporate relationship. The legal obligation of vigilance extends to subcontractors and suppliers with which the parent company and its subsidiaries entertain established commercial relationships. The violation of the obligations mentioned in Article L.225-102-4—that is, the non-establishment of a vigilance plan, the absence of publication of such a plan, or its poor execution—entails the liability of the parent company, pursuant to Articles 1240 and 1241 of the FCC.72 These provisions require the claimants to prove that the parent company acted negligently and that their damage actually originated from such behaviour. This might represent a relatively heavy burden for victims.73 To conclude, the Duty of Vigilance Law establishes a legal obligation for parent companies to exercise some control over the activities of their subsidiaries and business partners. The violation of their obligation will entail their liability under the FCC. Some welcome the broad application of the duty of vigilance, which applies not only to subsidiaries but also to subcontractors and suppliers. Additionally, this law reaches French companies as well as multinationals. Others regret that the obligation to establish a vigilance plan is limited to certain companies with regard to their corporate form—sociétés anonymes, sociétés en commandite par actions, and sociétés par actions simplifiées—or their size. Apparently, only 150 companies would be submitted to the duty of vigilance.74 Although the French Duty of Vigilance Law certainly represents significant progress towards the accountability of corporations for human rights violations or environmental damages, we regret the absence of coordination between substantive law and conflict-of-law rules. In principle, according to Article 4 of the Rome II Regulation, the law applicable to the action will be the one in force where the damage occurred (lex loci damni). Therefore, it is far from certain that the Duty of Vigilance Law would apply in a case similar to Okpabi or Akpan. Some suggest that French law could apply through Article 7 of the Rome II Regulation, since it allows the selection of the lex loci delicti commissi.75 However, the occurrence of an unlawful act committed in France would still have to be proved, which might not be an easy task. Alternatively, Article 4(3) of the Regulation could displace the general principle mentioned above and support the application of the ‘manifestly more closely connected’ law. Again, it is not certain that French law would be more closely connected than the lex loci damni. Finally, Article 16 of the Regulation could force the application of French law. Nevertheless, the French legislator did not make clear that the duty of vigilance qualifies as an overriding mandatory provision. 2. Switzerland On 16 October 2016, a coalition of non-governmental organizations launched an initiative populaire (the Initiative), the goal of which consists in reinforcing the protection of human rights by imposing a duty of due diligence on companies domiciled in Switzerland.76 In particular, the initiative suggests the amendment of the Swiss Constitution by introducing Article 101a on the liability of companies.77 A subsequent federal law (loi d’application) would further develop the constitutional text. According to the Initiative, companies whose statutory seat, central administration, or principal place of business is in Switzerland must respect internationally acknowledged human rights as well as environmental norms on the Swiss territory and abroad (proposed Article 101a(2)(a) of the Swiss Constitution). In other words, Swiss companies would have a duty of due diligence that obliges them to prevent and repair the negative consequences of their activities on human rights and the environment (proposed Article 101a(2)(b) of the Swiss Constitution). Importantly, this duty of due diligence would have to be exercised in relation to companies under their control as well as to their commercial partners. Small- and medium-size companies may be exempted from these obligations. The violations of human rights and environmental norms committed by companies under control would engage the responsibility of controlling companies located in Switzerland. Contrary to French law, the proposed Swiss provisions establish that, in principle, the liability of the Swiss company is presumed.78 However, no liability will be imposed if the latter proves that it correctly exercised its duty of due diligence (proposed Article 101a(2)(c) of the Swiss Constitution). This scheme is based on Article 55 of the Swiss Code of Obligations, which deals with the responsibility of the employer for the activities of its employees.79 Interestingly, the obligations designated by proposed Article 101a of the Swiss Constitution subsist even where conflict-of-law rules designate a different law than the Swiss one. In other words, the Initiative seeks to confer an imperative nature to the proposed provisions (overriding mandatory provisions), which apply extraterritorially.80 At the end of last summer, the Federal Council declared that it would not support the adoption of the Initiative.81 Although the text pursues fundamental social goals, the Council is of the view that its material scope is too far-fetched. Additionally, it argued that there is a risk, in absence of a concerted action at the international level, of imposing a too heavy burden on Swiss companies that may eventually relocate to neighbouring States. Finally, the Federal Council stated that by opening a forum for litigation of cases involving human rights violations or environmental damages that occurred abroad, the Swiss legislator would not respect the sovereign power of sister States.82 Instead, the Federal Council supported the enactment of non-binding principles at the international level. 3. Germany On 21 December 2016 and under the auspices of the German Federal Foreign Office (Auswärtiges Amt), the German government adopted a ‘National Action Plan on Business and Human Rights’.83 This plan is to ‘implement’ the Ruggie Principles,84 and the government considered it an ‘ambitious project’: For the first time, German companies’ responsibilities as regards upholding human rights are laid down in a fixed framework by stipulating homogeneous and verifiable global standards. The Action Plan pools the strengths of the various stakeholders from the State, business sector, civil society and trade unions, with the aim of improving the human rights situation along the supply and value chain in Germany and worldwide. The German government expresses its clear expectation in the Action Plan: companies must carry out human rights due diligence.85 However, all of the suggested measures are not obligatory but voluntary, coupled with an expectation that until 2020 at least 50 per cent of large enterprises (with more than 500 employees) will have completed implementation. This was criticized by some as being too ‘soft’ and disappointing, particularly in comparison with other EU Member States,86 whereas others have argued in a general economic analysis that binding and strict obligations in one jurisdiction would increase costs for enterprises there and that such enterprises would rather withdraw from the affected business relations and that other enterprises from elsewhere under worse standards would step in (‘race to the bottom’).87 With respect to the special question of access to justice in Germany, the government considered the legal landscape as satisfactory. However, as has been shown, there is no forum connexitatis in German autonomous procedural law, and (compared to other jurisdictions) there are only limited means of obtaining evidence and collective redress,88 but this is due to deeply rooted notions and traditions of civil procedure in Germany. IV. Conclusions Our analysis of the most recent case law from European courts shows that parent companies may not automatically be held liable for the acts and omissions of their subsidiaries located overseas. The law on international jurisdiction allows attracting subsidiaries located in third States in a forum within the EU only under certain conditions varying from State to State. Against this background, some national legislators have amended their substantive law with the objective of reinforcing corporate accountability. Notably, in France, the recent Duty of Vigilance Law requires large French companies and multinationals to establish a vigilance plan in order to prevent human rights violations and damages to the environment. Nevertheless, in other States, such as Germany and Switzerland, the government prefers to rely on non-binding measures, even though their effectiveness is seriously called into question by some. Along this line of reasoning, a national, non-concerted action would impose a too heavy burden on companies that would eventually relocate to more favourable legal environments. Therefore, an action at the European level might be more satisfactory. For the time being, however, the EU has only adopted certain indirect and sector-based, and, as such, rather hesitant, measures. However, since the Rome II Regulation often leads to the application of the lex loci damni, legislative developments undertaken in European Member States will prove pointless if not coupled with appropriate private international law provisions that guarantee their applicability. Indeed, the enhancement of corporate accountability is a global concern that requires legal disciplines to work hand in hand. Footnotes 1 Available at http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Publications/GuidingPrinciplesBusinessHR_EN.pdf (accessed 26 December 2017). 2 Available at http://www.oecd.org/corporate/mne/1922428.pdf (accessed 26 December 2017). 3 Muzaffer Eroglu, Multinational Enterprises and Tort Liabilities (Edward Elgar 2008), 232–5; Justine Nolan, ‘The Corporate Responsibility to Respect Human Rights: Soft Law or Not Law?’, in Surya Deva and David Bilchitz (eds), Human Rights Obligations of Business: Beyond the Corporate Responsibility to Respect? (Cambridge University Press, 2013), 138–61. 4 However, some related measures are worth mentioning: to start with, the Directive 2014/95/EU as regards disclosure of non-financial and diversity information [2014] OJ L330/1, as well as the accompanying Guidelines on non-financial reporting [2017] OJ C215/1, require large companies to report on the ‘impact of [their] activity, relating to, as a minimum, environmental, social and employee matters, respect for human rights, anti-corruption and bribery matters’, which might well be seen as a ‘revolution’ by accounting with far-reaching impact, see e.g. Peter Hommelhoff, ‘Nicht-finanzielle Ziele im Unternehmen von öffentlichem Interesse: Die Revolution übers Bilanzrecht’, in Reinhard Bork et al. (eds), Festschrift für Bruno M. Kübler zum 70. Geburtstag (Munich 2015), 291 et seq. Second, Art. 1(5) of Directive 2013/50/EU [2013] OJ L294/13, as well as Chapter 10 of Directive 2013/34/EU [2013] OJ L182/19, impose an obligation on issuers active in the exploitation or logging of primary forest to disclose payments made to governments. The objective of these pieces of legislation is to reinforce the accountability of resource-rich governments. Finally, in 2017, the European Union adopted Regulation (EU) 2017/821 [2017] OJ L130/1, laying down supply chain due diligence obligations for Union importers of tin, tantalum, and tungsten, their ores, and gold originating from conflict-affected and high-risk areas, and which aims at stopping forced labour to mine minerals that eventually helps financing armed conflicts. The entry into force of this due diligence duty is scheduled on 1 January 2021. 5 This trend can be traced back to the Kiobel case (Kiobel v. Royal Dutch Petroleum Co., 133 S.Ct. 1659 (2013)), where the US Supreme Court rejected the extraterritorial application of the Alien Tort Statute to human rights violations committed in Nigeria against Nigerian victims. On this case from a private international law perspective, see Chris Thomale, ‘The Forgotten Discipline of Private International Law: Lessons from Kiobel v Royal Dutch Petroleum’, 7 (2016) Transnational Legal Theory, 155 et seq. and 287 et seq. In the near future, the US Supreme Court might further close the door in its forthcoming judgment Jesner v. Arab Bank (on the status of this case see the Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) Blog, http://www.scotusblog.com/case-files/cases/jesner-v-arab-bank-plc, accessed 26 December 2017) in the event that it prohibits the application of the Alien Tort Statute to corporations categorically. For a recent overview of the American approach towards jurisdiction in Alien Tort Statute cases, see (among many others) Stefanie Khoury and David Whyte, Corporate Human Rights Violations: Global Prospects for Legal Action (Routledge, 2017), 77–102; Martin Metz, US-Menschenrechtsklagen und Neoterritorialismus (Peter Lang Publishing, 2017; Studien zum vergleichenden und internationalen Recht vol 194), in particular 14–17 and 19–63; Hans van Loon, The Global Horizon of Private International Law (2016; Collected Courses of the Hague Academy of International Law t 380), 89-94. Regarding our specific research question, two judgments highlight the restrictive approach of US courts regarding jurisdiction over parent companies and their subsidiaries: first, in Goodyear Dunlop Tires Operations, S.A. v. Brown, 564 U.S. 915 (2011), the Court rejected general jurisdiction over foreign subsidiaries of an American company, due to their lack of sufficient contacts with the forum. Second, in Ranza v. Nike, Inc., 793 F.3d 1059 (9th Cir. July 16, 2015), the Ninth Circuit Court confirmed that trend by rejecting jurisdiction over an Amercan company’s foreign subsidiary, which allegedly violated the Employment Act in The Netherlands. Additionally, that Court dismissed the case against the parent company under the forum non conveniens doctrine. 6Okpabi & Ors v Royal Dutch Shell Plc & Anor [2017] EWHC 89 (TCC), 26 January 2017. In Okpabi & Ors v Royal Dutch Shell Plc & Anor (Rev 1) [2018] EWCA Civ 191 (14 February 2018), the Court of Appeal (Civil Division) dismissed the victims’ appeal against the first instance court’s judgment. Unfortunately, the details of this appeal decision could no longer be taken into account for this paper. 7 See above at n 5. Both litigations arise from essentially the same factual situation against the same defendant, but were instituted by different claimants. 8 Claimants may be motivated to start proceedings against the parent company in a European forum for different reasons. To start with, the subsidiary may not have sufficient assets to provide recovery to the claimants. Therefore, the parent company will often be the entity with the ‘deepest pockets’. Then, the infrastructure of the judicial system where the subsidiary is located may be deficient (lack of legal expertise, no legal aid available, absence of impartiality, etc.) and unfavorable to the claimants. Finally, the subsidiary sometimes benefits from the support of the State, which makes this forum unattractive to the claimants. See Peter Nygh, ‘The Liability of Multi-national Corporations for the Torts of Their Subsidiaries’, 3/1 (2002) European Business Organization Law Review, 55–7; Marta Requejo Isidro, ‘Litigación civil internacional por abusos contra derechos humanos: El problema de la competencia judicial internacional’, X (2010) Anuario español de derecho internacional privado, 264; Cees van Dam, ‘Tort Law and Human Rights: Brothers in Arms on the Role of Tort Law in the Area of Business and Human Rights’, 2/3 (2011) Journal of European Tort Law, 228–31. 9Okpabi (n 6) para 9. 10 Regulation (EU) No 1215/2012 of 12 December 2012 on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters [2012] OJ L351/1. 11 Other provisions of the BRIbis would be technically available to claimants like Art. 7(2), the forum for tort and (quasi)-delict, as well as Art. 7(5) which opens a forum in the domicile of a branch. Nevertheless, the usefulness of those provisions is limited in practice: on the one hand, the place where the damage occurred will rarely be located in Europe, unless the claimants prove that the decision of the parent company seated in Europe was taken there and actually led to the damage. In all cases, this provision will lose its added value every time it overlaps with Art. 4 BRIbis. On the other hand, Art. 7(5) only applies when both the parent company and the subsidiary are domiciled in the EU. See Requejo Isidro (n 8) 272–7; Geert van Calster, ‘The Role of Private International Law in Corporate Social Responsibility’, 3 (2014) Erasmus Law Review, 129–30. In the event that all the companies to be sued are located in the European Union and are considered joint tortfeasors under substantive law, other jurisdictional options would be available. For example, one interesting question is whether Art. 8(2) BRIbis would allow claimants to attract co-tortfeasors at the place where the damage occurred. 12Okpabi (n 6) paras 64–8. 13 Case C-281/02 Andrew Owusu v N. B. Jackson, trading as ‘Villa Holidays Bal-Inn Villas’ and Others [2005] ECR I-01383. 14Ibid, paras 37–46. 15 Nevertheless, as Simon Baughen correctly points out, in the event that the defendant seeks a declaration of non-liability in the courts of a third State, the courts where a subsequent, similar action is brought would have discretion to stay proceedings if the conditions of Art. 33 BRIbis are met. As a result, if the proceedings in the court of the third State are concluded and have resulted in a judgment capable of recognition and enforcement, then the court secondly seized shall dismiss proceedings (Art. 33(3) BRIbis). See Simon Baughen, Human Rights and Corporate Wrongs: Closing the Governance Gap (Edward Elgar, 2015), 176. 16Lungowe & Ors v Vedanta Resources Plc & Anor [2016] EWHC 975 (TCC), 27 May 2016. 17 Case C-98/06 Freeport plc v Olle Arnoldsson [2007] ECR I-08319, para 54; Case 352/13 Cartel Damage Claims (CDC) Hydrogen Peroxide SA v Evonik Degussa GmbH and Others [2013], ECLI:EU:C:2015:335, para 28. 18Vedanta (n 16) paras 76-82. The Court of Appeal equally considered that an abusive behaviour could in principle displace the application of Art. 4 BRIbis. However, according to that Court, the argument of RDS and SPDC ‘will only succeed where there is sufficient evidence to show that the party against whom the complaint is made has conducted itself in such a way as “to distort the true purpose of that rule of jurisdiction” ... As the Judge indicated, at [58] of his judgment, there is a high threshold to be overcome for an abuse argument to succeed. It does not do so in the present case’. See Lungowe & Ors v Vedanta Resources Plc & Anor [2017] EWCA Civ 1528, 13 October 2017, para 38. 19Okpabi (n 6) para 69. 20 Along the same line of reasoning, the CJEU already ruled that a co-defendant may be attracted in the forum of a local defendant through Art. 8(1) BRIbis, even though the action against the latter was inadmissible. See Case C-103/05 Reisch Montage AG v Kiesel Baumaschinen Handels GmbH [2006] ECR I-06827, paras 31–3. Accordingly, the Brussels Regulation’s provisions seem to have a relatively strong mandatory force. 21Vedanta (n 16) para 34. 22Okpabi (n 6) para 51. 23 Regulation (EC) No 864/2007 of 11 July 2007 on the law applicable to non-contractual obligations (Rome II) [2007] OJ L199/40. 24Okpabi (n 6) para 51. According to Art. 7 of the Rome II Regulation, the claimant has a right to select the law applicable to the environmental damage. It could either be the law where the damage occurred (Art. 4 Rome II Regulation) or the law where the event giving rise to the damage took place. This alternative strengthens the level of environmental protection, since it refrains companies located in a ‘high-protection’ State to freely pollute in a ‘low-protection’ neighbor State. In England, the claimant may select the applicable law until the judgment. Moreover, under English procedural law, if parties do not plead the application of foreign law and prove its content, English law will in principle apply. See Lord Collins of Mapesbury et al., Dicey, Morris & Collins: The Conflict of Laws (Sweet & Maxwell, 2012; 15th ed; vol 1 and 2), 318–34, 2237–8. 25 Note that the establishment of a duty of care is not the only option available to hold the parent company potentially liable for the acts or omissions of the subsidiary. The (perhaps most common) alternative is the piercing of the corporate veil. For a broader overview of additional options, see Baughen (n 15) 155–66, 179–90; Eroglu (n 3) 140–56; Richard Meeran, ‘Access to Remedy: The United Kingdom Experience of MNC Tort Litigation for Human Rights Violations’, in Surya Deva and David Bilchitz (eds), Human Rights Obligations of Business: Beyond the Corporate Responsibility to Respect? (Cambridge University Press, 2013), 386–93; Nygh (n 8) 63–80; Requejo Isidro (n 8) 283–90; Olivier de Schutter, Extraterritorial Jurisdiction as a Tool for Improving the Human Rights Accountability of Transnational Corporations (22 December 2006), 37–43, available at http://cridho.uclouvain.be/documents/Working.Papers/ExtraterrRep22.12.06.pdf (accessed 26 December 2017). The selection of one option or the other may trigger the application of different laws. On the one hand, in Okpabi, the Court evaluated whether the direct tortious liability of the parent company was involved. Art. 7 of the Rome II Regulation applies to such non-contractual obligations in environmental matters. On the other hand, when courts consider piercing the corporate veil in order to impose indirect liability over the parent company, it is not clear that the Rome II Regulation applies. Indeed, one might rather consider that this is a corporate matter, which is excluded from the Rome II Regulation through its Art. 1(2)(d). For more information regarding this topic, see Uglješa Grušić, ‘International Environmental Litigation in EU Courts: A Regulatory Perspective’, 35 (2016) Yearbook of European Law, 180–228; Nygh (n 8) 63–80. 26Caparo Industries plc v Dickman [1990] 2 AC 605, 8 February 1990. 27 The proximity requirement is often assessed in light of Chandler v Cape Plc [2012] EWCA Civ 525, 25 April 2012, where Justice Arden established four factors, the presence of which advocates the existence of proximity: (i) the two companies operate the same business; (ii) the parent company has a superior/specialist knowledge compared to the subsidiary; (iii) the parent company knows about its subsidiary’s system of work; (iv) the parent company knows that the subsidiary would rely on that knowledge to protect the claimants. These conditions are difficult to fulfil since Thompson v The Renwick Group plc [2014] EWCA Civ 635, 13 May 2014, where the Court of Appeal clarified that there is no sufficient proximity when the parent company appoints the director of the subsidiary. Additionally, the fact that the subsidiary is run as a division of the group and shares some resources with the parent company does not call into question this conclusion. 28Okpabi (n 6) paras 114–15. 29Ibid, para 79. The reasons that led Justice Fraser to restructure the Caparo test are not entirely clear. This second stage of analysis actually looks like an autonomous assessment of the proximity criterion mentioned at n 27. 30 Apparently, the judgment of the Court has been appealed by the claimants. See John Ogilvie et al., ‘Successful Challenge to English Court Jurisdiction over Claims against UK Domiciled Parent Company in Relation to Acts of Subsidiary Abroad’, Herbert Smith Freehills – Litigation Notes (2 February 2017), available at https://hsfnotes.com/litigation/2017/02/02/successful-challenge-to-english-court-jurisdiction-over-claims-against-uk-domiciled-parent-company-in-relation-to-acts-of-subsidiary-abroad/ (accessed 26 December 2017). 31AAA & Ors v Unilever Plc & Anor [2017] EWHC 371 (QB), 27 February 2017. 32 The provision reads as follows: ‘2) The court may order a person to be added as a new party if – (a) it is desirable to add the new party so that the court can resolve all the matters in dispute in the proceedings; or (b) there is an issue involving the new party and an existing party which is connected to the matters in dispute in the proceedings, and it is desirable to add the new party so that the court can resolve that issue.’ 33Unilever (n 31) para 111. 34Ibid, paras 77–8. 35Ibid, paras 125–7. 36Ibid. 37Ibid, para 133. 38Ibid, paras 135–8. 39Ibid, paras 134–71. 40Vedanta (n 18) para 56. 41Ibid, paras 98–135. 42A.F. Akpan v. Royal Dutch Shell, plc, case number C/09/337050 / HA ZA 09-1580 (District Court of The Hague), 30 January 2013. All court documents regarding the Akpan case are available at https://milieudefensie.nl/english/shell/courtcase/documents (accessed 26 December 2017). Although the judgment of the District Court is currently under appeal, a preliminary verdict was issued by the Court of Appeal of The Hague on 17 December 2015, where it upheld the first instance court’s judgment regarding jurisdictional questions. For more information on the procedural history of the case, see Cees van Dam, Preliminary Judgments Dutch Court of Appeal in the Shell Nigeria Case, available at http://www.ceesvandam.info/default.asp?fileid=643 (accessed 26 December 2017); van Loon (n 5), 96–8. Note that the District Court ruled on two relatively similar cases, namely Dooh et al. v. Royal Dutch Shell PLC and Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria LTD et al. and Oguru and Efanga et al. v. Royal Dutch Shell PLC and Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria LTD et al., both available on Milieudefensie’s website mentioned above. 43 Lee James McConnell, ‘Establishing Liability for Multinational Oil Companies in Parent/Subsidiary Relationships’, 56/2 (2014) Environmental Law Review, 91–2. 44Akpan (n 42) para 4.3. 45Ibid. 46 Nicola Jägers et al., ‘The Future of Corporate Liability for Extraterritorial Human Rights Abuses: the Dutch Case against Shell’, (2014) AJIL Unbound, 40. 47Akpan (n 42) paras 4.8–10. 48 See above at n 26. and accompanying text. 49 Interestingly, Liesbeth Enneking notes that ‘if the case had been decided on the basis of Dutch tort law, which is less restrictive than English tort law when it comes to assuming a duty to act in civil liability cases pertaining to omissions, the court might have decided differently on the issue of parent company liability’. See Liesbeth Enneking, ‘The Future of Foreign Direct Liability? Exploring the International Relevance of the Dutch Shell Nigeria Case’, 10/1 (2014) Utrecht Law Review, 52. 50Akpan (n 42) para 4.31. 51Ibid, para 4.33. 52Ibid. 53Ibid, para 4.34. 54 Alternatively, Art. 9 of the Dutch Code of Civil Procedure provides for a forum necessitatis, in the event that access to courts abroad is barred or due process is not guaranteed. See Alex Geert Castermans and Jeroen van der Weide, ‘The Legal Liability of Dutch Parent Companies for Subsidiaries’ Involvement in Violations of Fundamental, Internationally Recognised Rights’, (15 December 2009), 45–7, available at https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract-id=1626225 (accessed 27 December 2017). 55 The English translation of this provision is available at http://www.dutchcivillaw.com/civilprocedureleg.htm (accessed 27 December 2017). 56 Case C-145/10 Eva-Maria Painer v Standard VerlagsGmbH and Others [2013] ECR I-12533. 57Ibid, para 81. 58 Francisco Garcimartín, Derecho internacional privado (Civitas, 2016; 3rd ed), 141. 59Akpan (n 42) para 4.1. 60Ibid, para 4.6. This is in line with the Reisch Montage case (n 20). 61Ibid, 4.35–61. 62 See Regional Court of Dortmund, docket no. 7 O 95/15, proceedings pending in first instance. 63 Regional Court of Dortmund, ‘Landgericht Dortmund gewährt pakistanischen Klägern Prozesskostenhilfe für ein Klageverfahren gegen “KiK” auf Zahlung von Schmerzensgeld und holt in der Hauptsache schriftliches Rechtsgutachten zum pakistanischen Recht ein’ (Press Release of 30 August 2016), available at http://www.lg-dortmund.nrw.de/ behoerde/presse/Pressemitteilungen/PM-KiK_docx.pdf (accessed 27 December 2017). 64 Federal Court of Justice, judgment of 22 November 1994, docket no. XI ZR 45/91, 1995 Neue Juristische Wochenschrift (NJW) 1225, at 1226, regarding joint tortfeasors vis-à-vis capital investors (‘churning’). See also Reinhard Patzina, Münchener Kommentar zur Zivilprozessordnung (Munich, 2016; 5th ed), section 32 para. 14. 65 It is generally held in Germany that Pakistani judgments are not to be recognized in Germany under section 328(1) no. 5 German Code of Civil Procedure because German judgments would not be recognized in Pakistan (‘principle of reciprocity’). See e.g. Peter Gottwald, Münchener Kommentar zur Zivilprozessordnung (Munich, 2016; 5th ed), section 328, para. 151, sub ‘Pakistan’; Dirk Otto, in Geimer/Schütze (eds), Internationaler Rechtsverkehr (Munich, 2017; vol. VI), sub O. ‘Country Reports’, sub ‘Pakistan’, 1109 et seq. 66 See also Wolfgang Hau, Deutscher Bundestag, Nationaler Aktionsplan Wirtschaft und Menschenrechte (Berlin, 28 September 2015; Hearing 5), sub 5: ‘Internationales Zivilprozessrecht’: ‘passive Streitgenossenschaft’. 67 See e.g. Haimo Schack, Internationales Zivilverfahrensrecht (Munich, 2017; 7th ed), 159 at para 409: risk of abuse, but this risk appears to be manageable if sufficient and substantial weight is attributed to the quality of the nexus. 68 Published in the French Official Journal on 28 March 2017. An overview of the legislative evolution of this law is available either on the website of the Senate (https://www.senat.fr/dossier-legislatif/ppl14-376.html, accessed 27 December 2017) or on the website of the National Assembly (http://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/14/dossiers/devoir_vigilance_entreprises_donneuses_ordre.asp, accessed 27 December 2017). 69 The Rana Plaza building, where important European companies produced clothes, collapsed in 2013 and killed more than 1,000 workers. 70 Dominique Potier, Rapport fait au nom de la Commission des lois constitutionnelles, de la législation et de l’administration générale de la République sur la proposition de loi (n° 2578), relative au devoir de vigilance des sociétés mères et des entreprises donneuses d’ordre, 61–2, available at http://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/14/rapports/r2628.asp (accessed 27 December 2017). 71Ibid, 64–5. 72Ibid, 78. Originally, civil liability had to be coupled with the possibility to impose fines (up to €10,000,000) on companies. However, the provisions related to the latter option have been invalidated by the Constitutional Council because of their lack of precision. The decision of the Council is available at http://www.conseil-constitutionnel.fr/conseil-constitutionnel/francais/actualites/2017/decision-2017-750-dc-[devoir-de-vigilance-des-societes-meres].148856.html (accessed 27 December 2017). 73 Sandra Cossart and Marie-Laure Guislain, ‘Le devoir de vigilance pour les entreprises multinationales, un impératif juridique pour une économie durable. Pourquoi le raisonnement juridique ne peut pas constituer un obstacle aux choix politiques’, 104 (May 2015) Revue Lamy de Droit des Affaires, 77–8. 74 Pierre-Louis Périn, ‘Devoir de vigilance et responsabilité illimitée des entreprises : qui trop embrasse mal étreint’, 2 (April-June 2015) Revue trimestrielle de droit commercial, 217–18; Observations du Gouvernement sur la loi relative au devoir de vigilance des sociétés mères et des entreprises donneuses d'ordre (28 March 2017), para 1.A., available at https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichTexte.do?cidTexte=JORFTEXT000034290672&categorieLien=id (accessed 27 December 2017). 75 The following arguments regarding the application of the Rome II Regulation are developed by Cossart and Guislain (n 73) 80; van Calster (n 11) 130–1; van Dam (n 8) 231–2. 76 The initiative populaire is regulated at Art. 139 of the Swiss Constitution. The gathering of signatures started in April 2015 and the deposit of the text took place on 16 October 2016. 77 The text of the Initiative is available at https://www.admin.ch/ch/f/pore/vi/vis462t.html (accessed 27 December 2017). 78 The adoption of such a presumption was discussed in France, but eventually discarded. See Cossart and Guislain (n 73) 76; Périn (n 74) 223. 79Rapport explicatif de l’initiative populaire fédérale ‘Entreprises responsables – pour protéger l’être humain et l’environnement’, available at http://konzern-initiative.ch/de-quoi-il-s-agit/?lang=fr (accessed 27 December 2017). 80Ibid, 20–1. 81 Federal Council, Message relatif à l’initiative populaire ‘Entreprises responsables – pour protéger l’être humain et l’environnement’ (15 September 2017), 6023, available at https://www.admin.ch/opc/fr/federal-gazette/2017/5999.pdf (accessed 27 December 2017). 82 Vivian Grosswald, ‘Harmonizing Multinational Parent Company Liability for Foreign Subsidiary Human Rights Violations’, 17/2 (2017) Chicago Journal of International Law, 417–19, suggests that both reluctance to act unilaterally and comity concerns are the central arguments against the enactment of more stringent legislations regarding parent corporate liability. 83 Federal Foreign Office, National Action Plan for Business and Human Rights, available at https://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/en/aussenpolitik/themen/aussenwirtschaft/161221-nap-kabinett-node (accessed 27 December 2017). For the respective Action Plans by other EU Member States as suggested by the EU in its own CSR Strategy see http://ec.europa.eu/growth/industry/corporate-social-responsibility/in-practice_en (accessed 27 December 2017). 84 See above n 1. 85 Federal Foreign Office (n 83). 86 See e.g. Deutsches Institut für Menschenrechte, Stellungnahme zur Verabschiedung des deutschen Nationalen Aktionsplans für Wirtschaft und Menschenrechte (Berlin 2016), http://www.institut-fuer-menschenrechte.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Publikationen/Stellungnahmen/Stellungnahme_Verabschiedung_NAP_Wirtschaft_und_Menschenrechte.pdf (accessed 27 December 2017). 87 E.g. Gerhard Wagner, Haftung für Menschenrechtsverletzungen, 80 (2016) RabelsZ, 718 et seq., at 779 et seq. 88 Deutsches Institut für Menschenrechte (n 86) 9 et seq. © The Author(s) (2018). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Unidroit. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email journals.permissions@oup.com This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model (https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/about_us/legal/notices)
Uniform Law Review/Revue De Droit Uniforme – Oxford University Press
(2018). Local parents as ‘anchor defendants’ in European courts for claims against their foreign subsidiaries in human rights and environmental damages litigation: recent case law and legislative trends. Uniform Law Review/Revue De Droit Uniforme, AdvanceArticle(2), 1-417.
"Local parents as ‘anchor defendants’ in European courts for claims against their foreign subsidiaries in human rights and environmental damages litigation: recent case law and legislative trends." Uniform Law Review/Revue De Droit Uniforme Advance Article.2 (2018): 1-417.
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Remove this filter Type: Press release
Foodborne diseases (1)
Listeria infections stable but frequently reported among the elderly
Press release - 15 Dec 2016
There has been a statistically significant increasing trend of listeriosis between 2008 and 2015, with the proportion of cases in the over 64 age group steadily increasing from 56.2% in 2008 to 64.1% in 2015.
Campylobacter decreases slightly, Salmonella down, Listeria up - EFSA and ECDC say
Press release - 19 Feb 2014
Human cases of campylobacteriosis decreased slightly in 2012 for the first time in five years, but campylobacteriosis remains the most commonly reported zoonotic disease and it is premature to suggest that this is the beginning of a downward trend. Salmonella cases in humans have continued to fall, marking a decrease for the seventh consecutive year. The trend in reported human cases of Listeria has been gradually increasing over the past four years. These are some of the main findings of the annual report on zoonoses and foodborne outbreaks in the European Union for 2012.
Salmonella cases no longer falling in the EU
The declining trend of salmonellosis cases in the EU has levelled off according to the annual report on zoonotic diseases published today.
Foodborne diseases
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Why China needs bigger farms
Despite huge improvements since Mao’s dire day, farming in China is still woefully inefficient
ChinaJan 11th 2018 edition
COMMUNIST countries have always liked model workers. Zhang Xinsheng is China’s latest farmer to be anointed. He is no gnarled son of the soil but the owner of four companies and a farm where vegetables are grown under plastic sheets. In 2012, when he set up his agricultural venture in the central province of Henan, it took Mr Zhang six months to amass 53 hectares (130 acres) by persuading villagers to lease their plots of land. In 2017 he assembled another 47 hectares in half that time—thanks, he told a local newspaper, to rural land reforms. He plans to triple his farm’s size and turn the village, Luodian, from a poor grower of grain into a specialist producer of vegetables.
Mr Zhang’s story exemplifies a profound transformation in Chinese agriculture that has been unfolding since the 1980s. It involves a shift away from a preoccupation with producing enough grain for the country’s needs, towards boosting rural incomes by encouraging farmers to grow more profitable crops and use scarce arable land more efficiently. The government is eager to speed up this change. It is not proving easy.
China grows enough staples to feed its 1.4bn people. The rice crop of 2017 was a record; output of grains has risen more than 40% since 2003. Cereal yields per hectare are higher than Canada’s. This is a stunning success for a country where millions starved in Mao’s Great Leap Forward, and has freed millions from the rural grind to join China’s industrial revolution.
But these feats on the farm have come at a cost. China uses twice as much fertiliser and pesticide per hectare as the world average, contributing to catastrophic levels of soil pollution. In northern China, the country’s bread basket, wheat farmers use far more water than this bone-dry region can afford or replace. And because food quantity has taken priority over quality, there have been huge food scares.
The rural economy remains backward. A recent agricultural census showed there were 314m people employed in farming in 2016. That is 40% of China’s workforce. Yet agriculture accounts for less than 9% of GDP, which means that rural labour is still extremely unproductive.
Moreover, the exodus from the land has slowed, implying that the problem of underemployment is not going away. The farming population fell by 100m in the decade to 2006 but only 28m in the following ten years. Most of those still tilling the fields are old and ill-schooled. In 2016 more than half of all farmers were over 55 and almost half had only a primary education.
Since all successful Chinese revolutions have begun in the countryside, the Communist Party is alarmed. In October China’s president, Xi Jinping (whose PhD thesis was on “rural marketisation”), unveiled a “revitalisation strategy” for the countryside that would “prioritise agriculture”. Though vague, the strategy signals a renewed emphasis on reforming two vital aspects of farming.
First, prices. This year, for the first time, the government will lower the guaranteed sum that it pays farmers for wheat. Minimum prices for maize and rapeseed were scrapped in 2015. This shift should encourage greater efficiency. There will be less incentive for farmers to grow grain in places where it is costly to do so, such as in the north where water is scarce. The government will still help them, however, by boosting farm subsidies.
The legacy of Mao
Just as important are changes to land tenure, aimed at encouraging the growth of larger farms and new investment in them. Almost all farmland in China is owned by village collectives. In the 1980s households were given the right to use a portion of the land for themselves. Since 2008 they have had the right to lease these rights to others (this is how Mr Zhang put together his vegetable operation). But there has been a bottleneck: a lack of legal clarity about the boundaries of farmers’ fields. This has hampered the growth of larger farms. The recent census found only 4m “scaled-up farms”, 2% of the total. Almost 30% of them were in livestock or fish farming, compared with only 4% for all farms. This reflects the continued importance of ideology: animals are regarded as private property but land as collective. This impedes the growth of large, privately owned, crop-growing ventures. Mao hated rural landlords (millions of them may have died in his purges). His thinking endures among bureaucrats.
In 2018 officials will complete work on handing out certificates to farmers with details of their plot boundaries. This should spur consolidation. Even so, it will remain hard for people like Mr Zhang to borrow money to rent land, since land-use rights cannot be used as collateral. Pilot programmes allowing this are under way, but there is no nationwide scheme. And there is no hint that China is willing to let farmers own land in order to capture the benefit of rising land prices—a common route to wealth for farmers in other countries but still anathema to the party’s ideologues. Until that happens, the growth of large farms is likely to remain slow.
This article appeared in the China section of the print edition under the headline "Why China needs bigger farms"
More from China
Hope for myopes
Over 70% of 12-14 year olds in China are short-sighted
The year of the rat-fink
Some people in China help the party police the internet
The digital divide
Different views of AI fuel distrust between China and America
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Newsroom / Articles
A Second Chance at School in Mali
For children who have not been able to go to school, accelerated education is opening new doors.
In 2012, a political coup in Mali led to the temporary closing of most schools in the northern part of the country. Mariam Ibrahim, then only six years old, was among those affected. For the next few years, Mariam—who had been attending a religious school in the Gao region—stayed home and performed domestic chores at a time when she should have been learning how to read and write.
Then in 2017, Mariam’s parents learned about a program that was providing out-of-school youth with a second chance at an education: EDC’s USAID-funded Education Recovery Support Activity (ERSA). ERSA offers intensive, accelerated education (AE) programs that give children the basic literacy and mathematics skills they missed by not being in school. After one year of participating in an AE program, most students take a placement test and re-enter their local public school at the second-, third-, or fourth-grade level.
Mariam’s parents enrolled her, and one year later, Mariam is thriving in fifth grade. She has dreams for her future, too.
“I would like to become a doctor,” Mariam says.
Around the world, an estimated 262 million children and youth are not enrolled in school for reasons ranging from conflict to poverty to perceived ability. And for every year that a child remains out of school, the chance of that child ever reentering formal education grows slimmer. Gaps in basic knowledge widen. Children become too old to reenter the grade that they left. Responsibilities at home become too great.
Prioritizing essential skills
But ERSA is showing that AE programs can help children overcome these barriers, even in regions where conflict has not fully subsided. Since 2015, the program has reached 10,150 formerly out-of-school children, and has reintegrated 7,460 of them into formal classrooms in the Gao and Menaka regions.
“Accelerated education has been around for about 25 years,” says EDC’s Brenda Bell, who has helped develop AE programs in Liberia and Mali. “But over the past decade, interest in it has grown. This is a direct response to the huge number of children and youth who are not in school, and who might want to enter or reenter the formal education system.”
According to Bell, well-designed AE programs do not attempt to condense an entire primary school education into a single year—a practice she describes as “cramming stuff into the box.” Rather, they prioritize essential skills and capacities that children need to succeed, including building foundational literacy and numeracy skills, as well as social-emotional competencies, such as tolerance and personal resilience.
“There’s less memorization and more application,” Bell says.
In ERSA classrooms, students sing, read aloud, learn by interactive audio instruction, and work together to solve problems. Overseeing the lessons are ERSA-trained facilitators—usually adult volunteers from the local community—who use a standards-based curriculum built specifically for the Malian context.
Emphasis on quality
Beyond individual success stories, such as Mariam’s, there is evidence that EDC’s approach to accelerated education is working at scale. Across all ERSA sites, three-quarters of enrolled children successfully complete a full year of accelerated education. And in communities where students are able to transition to a public school after their year in ERSA, 90 percent do. ERSA students also display significantly better literacy results than their peers who attended public school continuously.
“We emphasize quality so that children are able to transition successfully after their year in accelerated education,” says EDC’s Christina N’Tchougan-Sonou, director of ERSA. “Our goal is to make the transition into formal school more fluid, and to that end, we include community members and teachers from the formal school on the jury that evaluates each child.”
However, ERSA staff do encounter parents who are skeptical about enrolling their children. Some are dismayed by the quality of the local public schools, many of which are under-resourced, overcrowded, and without basic sanitation, making them unsafe or unwelcoming spaces for some students. ERSA is addressing some of these issues by transferring new classrooms and latrines that were built for the AE programs to their host public schools, as well as training school directors and teachers in the pedagogical techniques used in the AE programs —improvements that raise the quality of education for all the students and teachers.
ERSA’s community liaisons also play an important role in convincing parents to send children back to school. Liaisons discuss the benefits of the AE programs, from the improved classrooms to the fact that children learn in French—the language of broader economic and civic opportunity in Mali. Often, liaisons can break down parents’ skepticism about formal education by asking a simple question: “Don’t you want your child to be able to read and write?”
“The way we present accelerated education makes the whole idea of formal education more approachable and valued by families,” says N’Tchougan-Sonou.
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Edinburgh Centre for Robotics officially launches
The Edinburgh Centre for Robotics held its official launch event on Monday 22nd September 2014, at the Informatics Forum, University of Edinburgh. The launch began with a keynote lecture from Professor Andrew Blake, Laboratory Director at Microsoft Research, who spoke on the history of robotics development at Edinburgh-based universities and the challenges and opportunities the new Edinburgh Centre for Robotics faced.
Professor David Lane, Director of the Edinburgh Centre for Robotics and Professor of Autonomous Systems Engineering at Heriot-Watt University, said:
“Robots acting independently of human control, robots which can learn, adapt and take decisions, will revolutionise our economy and society over the next 20 years.”
In September 2014 the Edinburgh Centre for Robotics also welcomed its first cohort of students to the EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Robotics and Autonomous Systems, Professor Sethu Vijayakumar, Director of the Centre and Professor of Robotics at the University of Edinburgh, explains that:
“The Edinburgh Centre for Robotics aims to help the country realise its industrial potential in this revolution by producing a new generation of highly skilled researchers, trained to take a leading role, technically skilled, industry and market aware, and prepared to create and lead the UK’s innovation pipeline for jobs and growth.”
Robotics centre opens
Robots are doing it for themselves, or they will be soon
Robots are doing it for themselves
Friday, 31 January, 2020 - 10:00 to 11:00
RAS CDT Coffee Morning
Robotarium Seminar Room, Heriot-Watt University
Tuesday, 4 February, 2020 - 19:30 to 20:30
The Cabaret of Dangerous Ideas
The Stand Comedy Club
Monday, 17 February, 2020 - 11:30 to 13:00
Student pitches - Innovation Funding
University of Edinburgh Room AT 7.14
RAS CDT Consensus Meeting
AT 7.14, University of Edinburgh
RAS CDT Executive Meeting
Tweets by @EDINrobotics
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Dustin Stevens Books
T.R. Kohler Books
Random Article ~ In Praise of George R.R. Martin
by Dustin Stevens | May 17, 2019 | Uncategorised | 1 comment
This has been an interesting month, with several monoliths of recent pop culture memory drawing to close. A few weeks ago, the Marvel Cinematic Universe brought their sprawling twenty-two film odyssey to a close in the form of Avengers: Endgame. Just last night, The Big Bang Theory put a stamp on twelve season as the top comedy sitcom on the planet.
And Sunday marks the end of one of prestige televisions greatest creations ever, Game of Thrones.
As these things come in on final descent, it's been fascinating to watch the narratives surrounding each, and I found the following article fascinating, especially considering GoT is the only of the three that stems from a literary work originating in the mind of a singular person.
In recent years, George R.R. Martin has become maligned for the glacial speed w/ which he is producing the last installments in his smash series, but I think the part that's been lost is how utterly enthralling what he has produced is…and anybody that thinks otherwise need only look at how the series has floundered as it has tried to soldier on w/o his work as a guide map.
(If you couldn't tell, for my money, Martin belongs on the Mt. Rushmore of contemporary writers)
Funny Hats and Lonely Rooms: Give George R.R. Martin Some Respect
If the mediocrity of the final season of ‘Game of Thrones’ has clarified anything, it’s how quickly the show lost itself without the author’s imagination
By Brian Phillips May 15, 2019, 6:30am EDT
George R.R. Martin keeps an annoying blog. He cares way too much about the Giants and the Jets. He wears hats that make him look like he’s just compiled a Hall & Oates playlist and would love for you to hear it on his speedboat. He has failed with an almost surreal persistence to deliver the long (long, long, long)-promised new volume in his bestselling fantasy series, and he has been increasingly sidelined by the global-phenomenon TV franchise that series inspired. Time named him one of the most influential people in the world in 2011, but in the years since, as Game of Thrones has moved beyond the plot boundary of his books, he’s largely been regarded with a Very Online mix of pity, frustration, and contempt. He’s become a tragicomic figure, a man whose story got away from him creatively and outgrew him culturally at the same time.
Got all that? Good. Now, can we take a minute to give him some damn respect?
If the relentless mediocrity of Game of Thrones’ final season has clarified anything, it’s how desperately this show has always needed Martin’s imagination. (God knows it hasn’t clarified character motives or the workings of fantasy elements or the rate-distance equations for determining travel time over continent-sized landmasses.) Without Martin’s storytelling gifts to guide the series—without his understanding of the characters he created and the world into which he set them loose—Game of Thrones has lost its way, and more than that, it’s lost its way without evidently knowing or caring that it has. The show still looks great, at least when you can see it, and it’s still full of hugely talented actors. Narratively, though, it comes across as a tourist wandering through its own story, pressed for time and always a little confused about what’s happening. We only have six days, dear, we can’t spend more than one of them at the White Walkers. Does the guidebook say anything about this Night King person? Oh well. Sorry we can’t pet the dog, Jonny, but we need all our traveler’s cheques for the dragon ride.
As recently as two or three years ago, it was still possible to think of David Benioff and D.B. Weiss, Thrones’ showrunners, as the real creative forces behind the series’ success. Martin, in this way of looking at things, was a kind of inspired amateur. He’d done what he could with a cool idea, but at a certain point, he had to hand his tale over to the professionals, like Tyrion’s relinquishing his hand of the king pin when Tywin got to town. Martin gave Benioff and Weiss an overview of his plans for ending the story and left it to them to fulfill those plans, or not.
Flash forward to this season, and the aggressive clumsiness of Thrones’ endgame—the wildly uneven pacing, the botched characterizations, the fan-enraging bungling of major plot elements (yes, maybe Daenerys’s child-roasting turn was foreshadowed in previous seasons, but there is a difference between foreshadowing and character development)—represents a pretty lethal crossbow bolt to the chest of the showrunners-as-true-auteurs reading. Martin is not an amateur or a child. He’s one of the best fantasy writers of his generation, and having the work of a great fantasy writer to draw from surprisingly turns out to be a useful asset for a television series in the fantasy genre. Losing that work turns out to be enough of a detriment that not even several extremely expensive computers and the world’s most ruthless commitment to night shoots can be guaranteed to make up for it. I have serious qualms about aspects of A Song of Ice and Fire, particularly the way it uses its naturalistic depiction of power as a cover for eroticizing sexual violence. From a storytelling standpoint, though? The more Game of Thrones was about bringing Martin’s vision to the screen, the better it was—darker, stranger, less compromised, more unsettling, more gripping, easier to care about. The more it became about what I guess we can call Benioff and Weiss’s vision, the worse it got—more arbitrary, more pandering, less able to connect its grand spectacle to anything on a human scale.
These are not, in general, good times for writers. Nor are they good times to argue for a writer’s prestige. The internet was built on writing, but lately, at the corporate level, it’s been on a determined campaign to devalue and decenter it. Few books make money for their authors. The streaming-TV boom opened up a market for screenwriters, which was then plunged into unholy chaos by the WGA noticing that TV writers have been getting systematically screwed by their agents. Prestige in culture industries tends to follow money. For at least the last few years, all the signs facing writers in their careers, all the pressure and perceived momentum and opportunity, have encouraged them away from solitary words on the page and toward more mediated, collaborative, and technologically sophisticated roles. Bloggers become podcasters. Magazine writers move into sponcon. Novelists turn into TV writers and then find that even TV writers are at the mercy of a system that sees them as expendable and interchangeable. The impulse that made many of us want to become writers in the first place—the idea that you could sit down by yourself in front of a blank screen and imagine something marvelous into existence—might not be dead, but it’s less viable than it used to be, and therefore less glamorous.
The problem with this state of affairs is that much marvelous storytelling is still done by one person alone in a room, not with an eye toward getting a show green-lit or moving along to the next phase in the production process, but simply because it’s the story they wanted to tell.
One of the reasons Martin himself started writing A Game of Thrones, famously, is that, while working in television, he was frustrated that TV couldn’t handle a story on the scale he wanted to dream up. It’s tempting, in that sense, to read the arc of the saga of Westeros as an allegory for the fate of writing in the late 2010s: It starts in the imagination of a solitary artist, whose beloved work is then swept up by television, where an ever larger group of people spend an ever larger sum of money to make the story ever more gigantic and popular, while the artist dries up creatively and the product gets worse. As an allegory, that’s not really fair; there are too many brilliant TV shows. In the current climate, though, there’s something especially dismaying about the fact that Game of Thrones is no good without Martin’s writing—every part of the story that feels alive comes from his brain—yet the overall effect of the series has been to downgrade his credibility as a writer.
I wonder, too, if one of the reasons Martin is so easy to sneer at these days is that he represents something that’s become a little uncomfortable to think about. He represents the relation between solo creator and world-annihilating media franchise in a way that makes the latter seem uncharacteristically contingent and fragile. We’ve gotten used to looking at Thrones-level entertainment juggernauts as something like impersonal public trusts, properties that belong to all of us; at the highest levels of pop storytelling, we’re comfortable valorizing figures like Marvel’s Kevin Feige, hypercompetent administrators who oversee empires on our behalf and keep the trains running on time. Individual creators whose work achieves this kind of cultural suffusion tend to be punitively depicted as ridiculous whenever they remind us that, for them, these are stories they made up in their heads, not communal texts of a fandom. Think of George Lucas revising Star Wars 20 years after the fact, or J.K. Rowling issuing revelations about Harry Potter characters that she didn’t include in the novels. Martin’s very inability to complete A Song of Ice and Fire speaks to the perilous and uncertain nature of the creative process, the part beyond an executive’s ability to manage. And the fact that Game of Thrones is pretty bad without his work to guide it is an inconvenient reminder that an administrative, collaborative, process-oriented vision of creative work, for all its successes, has limits.
In other words: Here’s to the writers in lonely rooms. Here’s to their funny hats. And here’s to imagination.
Kathie Sorenson on June 5, 2019 at 10:23 pm
I am in total agreement as to the true genius of George R.R.Martin and his amazing and far reaching imagination. So much was lost without his writing being at the forefront especially at the end of the series.
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Brexit timeline: Charting Britain's turbulent exodus from Europe
June 2016: 'The will of the British people'
After a shrill referendum campaign, nearly 52% of British voters opted to leave the EU on June 23. Polls had shown a close race before the vote with a slight lead for those favoring remaining in the EU. Conservative British Prime Minister David Cameron, who had campaigned for Britain to stay, acknowledged the "will of the British people" and resigned the following morning.
July 2016: 'Brexit means Brexit'
Former Home Secretary Theresa May replaced David Cameron as prime minister on July 11 and promised the country that "Brexit means Brexit." May had quietly supported the Remain campaign before the referendum. She did not initially say when her government would trigger Article 50 of the EU treaty to start the two-year talks leading to Britain's formal exit.
March 2017: 'We already miss you'
May eventually signed a diplomatic letter over six months later on March 29, 2017 to trigger Article 50. Hours later, Britain's ambassador to the EU, Tim Barrow, handed the note to European Council President Donald Tusk. Britain's exit was officially set for March 29, 2019. Tusk ended his brief statement on the decision with: "We already miss you. Thank you and goodbye."
June 2017: And they're off!
British Brexit Secretary David Davis and the EU's chief negotiator, Michel Barnier, kicked off talks in Brussels on June 19. The first round ended with Britain reluctantly agreeing to follow the EU's timeline for the rest of the negotiations. The timeline split talks into two phases. The first would settle the terms of Britain's exit, and the second the terms of the EU-UK relationship post-Brexit.
July-October 2017: Money, rights and Ireland
The second round of talks in mid-July began with an unflattering photo of a seemingly unprepared British team. It and subsequent rounds ended with little progress on three phase one issues: How much Britain still needed to pay into the EU budget after it leaves, the post-Brexit rights of EU and British citizens and whether Britain could keep an open border between Ireland and Northern Ireland.
December 2017: Go-ahead for phase 2
Leaders of the remaining 27 EU members formally agreed that "sufficient progress" had been made to move on to phase two issues: the post-Brexit transition period and the future UK-EU trading relationship. While Prime Minister Theresa May expressed her delight at the decision, European Council President Tusk ominously warned that the second stage of talks would be "dramatically difficult."
July 2018: Johnson, Davis resign
British ministers appeared to back a Brexit plan at May's Chequers residence on July 6. The proposal would have kept Britain in a "combined customs territory" with the EU and signed up to a "common rulebook" on all goods. That went too far for British Foreign Minister Boris Johnson and Brexit Secretary David Davis, who resigned a few days later. May replaced them with Jeremy Hunt and Dominic Raab.
September 2018: No cherries for Britain
May's Chequers proposal did not go down well with EU leaders, who told her at a summit in Salzburg in late September that it was unacceptable. EU Council President Tusk trolled May on Instagram, captioning a picture of himself and May looking at cakes with the line: "A piece of cake perhaps? Sorry, no cherries." The gag echoed previous EU accusations of British cherry-picking.
November 2018: Breakthrough in Brussels
EU leaders endorsed a 585-page draft divorce deal and political declaration on post-Brexit ties in late November. The draft had been widely condemned by pro- and anti-Brexit lawmakers in the British Parliament only weeks earlier. Brexit Secretary Dominic Raab resigned along with several other ministers, and dozens of Conservative Party members tried to trigger a no-confidence vote in May.
December 2018: May survives rebellion
In the face of unrelenting opposition, May postponed a parliamentary vote on the deal on December 10. The next day, she met with German Chancellor Angela Merkel to seek reassurances that would, she hoped, be enough to convince skeptical lawmakers to back the deal. But while she was away, hard-line Conservative lawmakers triggered a no-confidence vote. May won the vote a day later.
January 2019: Agreement voted down
The UK Parliament voted 432 to 202 against May's Brexit deal on January 16. In response to the result, European Council President Donald Tusk suggested the only solution was for the UK to stay in the EU. Meanwhile, Britain's Labour Party called for a no-confidence vote in the prime minister, her second leadership challenge in as many months.
March 2019: Second defeat for May's deal
May tried to get legal changes to the deal's so-called Irish backstop in the weeks that followed. She eventually got assurances that the UK could suspend the backstop under certain circumstances. But on March 12, Parliament voted against the revised Brexit deal by 391 to 242. EU leaders warned the vote increased the likelihood of a no-deal Brexit. Two days later, MPs voted to delay Brexit.
March 2019: Extension after second defeat
Following the second defeat of May's divorce deal, the European Council met in Brussels on March 21 to decide what to do next. EU leaders gave May two options: delay Brexit until May 22 if MPs vote for the withdrawal deal or delay it until April 12 if they vote against the deal. If the deal were to fail again in Parliament, May could ask for a long extension.
March 2019: Brexit deal rejected a third time
On March 29, the day that the UK was supposed to leave the EU, British lawmakers voted for a third time against May's deal — rejecting it this time with a vote of 344 to 286. Following the latest defeat, May approached the main opposition Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn in an attempt to find a compromise, angering hardline Brexiteers in her own Conservative party.
April 2019: Brexit delayed until Halloween
With the April 12 deadline looming after the third defeat of May's deal, EU leaders met again in Brussels to discuss a second delay. The only question was how long should it be? In the end, the UK and EU agreed to a "flexible" extension until October 31 — which can end sooner if the Brexit deal is approved. The UK had to take part in EU elections in May because their exit wasn't secured in time.
May 2019: Prime Minister Theresa May resigns
Weeks of talks between Prime Minister Theresa May and the Labour party to reach a deal proved unsuccessful and further eroded her political capital. She triggered an angry backlash from her party after she tried to put the option of a second referendum on the table. The series of failures led May to announce her resignation, effective June 7, in an emotional address.
June 2019: Search for a new prime minister
After Theresa May announced on June 7 that she would leave office, other members of her Conservative party began clamoring for the top job. Within a month, the leadership battle came down to Jeremy Hunt (left), an EU proponent who fears a no-deal scenario, and Boris Johnson (right), one of the main proponents of Brexit.
July 2019: Prime Minister Boris Johnson
At the end of July 2019, Johnson was officially named Theresa May's successor as British prime minister. "We are going to energize the country, we are going to get Brexit done by October 31," he said after he was elected leader of the Conservative Party.
September 2019: Johnson's election threat
Conservative rebels and opposition MPs backed efforts to delay an October 31 Brexit deadline in fear of a no-deal departure. In response, Johnson called for a general election, saying his government cannot rule without a mandate after he stripped 21 rebel MPs of their Conservative status. The Labour Party said it would not back elections until legislation to block a no-deal Brexit was in place.
September 2019: Prorogation 'unlawful'
In late September, Britain's highest court ruled that Johnson's decision to suspend Parliament ahead of the UK's planned exit was unlawful. "This was not a normal prorogation in the run-up to a Queen's Speech," said the Supreme Court. Political rivals immediately called on Johnson to leave his post. Johnson said he would abide by the court ruling, though said he "strongly" disagreed.
October 2019: A new deal
British Prime Minister Boris Johnson managed to secure a deal with European negotiators that would allow the UK to leave the EU in an orderly manner. The deal received unanimous backing from the leaders of 27 other member states. But an attempt to get the UK Parliament to sign off on the deal failed. Instead, Parliament pushed for the Brexit deadline to be extended until the end of January 2020.
December 2019: Lawmakers vote for Johnson's Withdrawal Bill
On December 22, UK lawmakers vote for Prime Minister Johnson's European Union withdrawal bill, which will see a leave date of January 31 2020 enshrined in law. Getting a majority to vote to pass the bill in the lower house has proven a major sticking point for the PM, but following a general election Johnson's Conservative party won control of the house and the bill passed with a 124 majority.
Britain shocked the world when it voted to leave the European Union on June 24, 2016. DW traces the major events that have defined Brexit so far.
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Related Subjects Brexit, European Union (EU), Jean-Claude Juncker, David Cameron, Donald Tusk
Keywords European Union, Michel Barnier, Nigel Farage, David Davis, Brexit, Brexit negotiations, Jean-Claude Juncker, Donald Tusk, David Cameron, Theresa May, Great Britain
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Earthdance Staff and Long-Term Volunteers
Deirdre Morris
Deirdre Morris is an educator and movement artist interested in socially just, equitable, and healthy environments for all living beings. She is a former director of Wise Fool New Mexico (physical theatre, circus, visual arts, 1999/2008, 2014/18) and is a working member of Dancing Earth Indigenous Contemporary Dance (2010/present). Deirdre is the Founder/Director of The Forgotten Body Remembers, a site for research and implementation of somatic practices of education, social justice ecologies, and community development through the arts. Her work spans the mediums of mindful education, performance art reserarch, dance/theatre and site specific installations interested in the generation of 'reciprocal culture', bridging personal narratives and collective memory.
Deirdre’s work has been most recently received at the Center for Contemporary Arts, Santa Fe, NM, Earthdance, MA Moving Arts Lab, St. Mary’s College, MD as Artist in Residence, IDOCDE at Impulstanz, Vienna, Austria, Artpolis/FemArt Festival, Pristina, Kosovo, TAM, Veliko Tărnovo, Bulgaria, Muszi, Budapest, Hungary as Artist In Residence. Deirdre presented and published her research into empathy based educational practices, 'Somatic Generosity: Cultivating Empathy in the Classroom and Beyond’, at the Latin American Social Innovation Network, Panama City, Panama in September 2017.
Deirdre received her Masters in Fine Arts, Interdisciplinary Dramatic Arts and Performance Studies from the University of California Davis in 2014.
director@earthdance.net
Roberta Wilmore
Community Liaison/Public Relations Coordinator
Roberta Wilmore has over 30 years of leadership, organizational, and business development experience in settings as diverse as real estate management, science & technology, and education. She is also passionate about supporting Creatives. Her work focuses on developing the capacity of individuals and teams to be courageous, liberated learners and leaders. While she has many titles over her professional career, multicultural leader, educator and learner best reflect who she is.
Raised in Pennsylvania, her father, a preeminent theologian, historian, and educator, gave her the gift of vision and perseverance. Her mother, her biggest mentor, taught her to push aside all self-limiting beliefs. Her message to all—be true to yourself; that which you love, you must spend your life doing. This has led her to take risks where others have not, to make unexpected connections among individuals, ideas and organizations, and to create new organizations and programs which reflect her beliefs and values.
A non-traditional educational journey, including international travel, extensive horse-womanship, and meditation, built her love of learning and her leadership style. Today, she laughs a lot. Roberta’s journey has shown her that happy people work harder and that work must not kill the human spirit.
roberta@earthdance.net
Jacqueline Westhead
Jacqueline is a facilitator, performer, and author with over 25 years of experience offering her workshops around the globe. She was a founding member of MASS Ensemble and a senior member of Jellyeye Drum Theatre in Chicago, performing and choreographing original work with them and individually for over a decade. Her teaching is a blend of expressive movement, voice, mind body wisdom, awareness and witnessing practices that cultivates sustainable empowerment for the individual and collective. She is certified and/or trained in somatic movement therapy, dance (with a focus in CI and Butoh), meditation, counseling and sound healing. She has studied chant, therapeutic modalities, and world music with a wild assortment of teachers and wisdom keepers as well as touring with acclaimed musicians.
Jacqueline first came to Earthdance in 1992 and it changed her life. She returned over the years to study, train and dance. She is delighted to be back supporting Earthdance in a new way and to be part of the Operations team with Carl.
She continues to travel and study to expand her understanding of humanity, her work, and the role it plays in our evolving world. Exploring the realms of awareness, curiosity and kindness energize her days. Her book Touching the Invisible: A Field Guide for Living is now available. Visit: soundbodywisdom.com.
operations@earthdance.net
Carl Sigmond
Operations Team & IT
Carl's first memory of Earthdance is of laying on our living room floor when he was six years old, probably before the wood stove was removed from the farmhouse. He grew up in Philadelphia but spent much time in Western Massachusetts as a child. After studying computer science, Quaker history, and documentary filmmaking at Haverford College, Carl moved to northern California to live and work at The Woolman Semester School and Sierra Friends Center, a Quaker education and retreat center in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada Mountains. It was at Sierra Friends Center that Carl rediscovered Contact Improvisation (CI). Speaking of his first jam, Carl recounts, "I instantly knew I was home." That jam started Carl on a deep dive into the CI community, a journey that eventually landed him at Earthdance. When not working, dancing, or eating Earthdance's delicious food, you can often find Carl writing computer programs, taking a walk down Prospect Street, or watching an episode of Democracy Now!
operationsassistant@earthdance.net
Kelsey Hobbs
Programming & Development Manager
development@earthdance.net
Emily Cavin
Emily Cavin became a non-resident visitor/member of Earthdance in the Intentional Community days in 1989, and was a resident member from 1990 to 1992. She contributed to the community by working on bookkeeping, among other tasks, including playing a small role in helping to build what is now 9 Mountain Retreat Center. In the interim, she has stayed connected through her passion for joining in whenever Penny Schultz holds a Community Sing, and as a nearby neighbor, and even occasionally by participating in a workshop. She studied performing arts in a conservatory program long ago in her college days, (very long ago!) and is currently a Hilltown Resident, Singer, Dancer as she is able, Gardener, and an Earth-Centered Spiritualist and Ritualist. She also designs, creates, and sometimes even sells, unique Sterling Silver Jewelry. She has supported herself in all these endeavors by holding “day jobs” as a bookkeeper, and as of April 2017, brings those skills back to Earthdance…..because, Hey! – someone’s gotta do it!! And it is a good place to be!
finance@earthdance.net
Ali Skalli
Chef & Community Liaison
Victor Mistretta
Building & Grounds Assistant
Sam Gerdes
contact@earthdance.net
Caelum Massicotte
Kitchen Manager/Head Chef
Caelum is Earthdance's Kitchen Manager and one of our (as well as Nine Mountain's) extraordinary chefs. He applies his background in cooking with his family, in restaurants, and his Masters in Human Nutrition to empower guests to deepen their connection with healthy and sustainable food.
Kale specializes in meeting the needs of special diets with organic and seasonal food for intentional gatherings, festivals and retreats.
kitchen@earthdance.net
Lindsay Swan
Lindsay Swan is a movement and theatre artist from Brooklyn, NY who has made a home in Western Massachusetts since 2012. She has studied Contact Improvisation and Authentic Movement since 2010, and Grotowski-inspired physical theatre since 2013. Lindsay developed a one-woman show Clocked while in residence at Earthdance. In 2014 she joined Children of the Wild Ensemble Theatre in devising and performing a poetic street opera The Wastelands, inspired by Dante's Purgatorio, that toured across the Great Lakes in 2016 in collaboration with Great Lakes Commons. Since 2017, she has continued her partnership with Great Lakes Commons as part of their leadership coucil, and in the development of a Great Lakes documentary BLK WTR with her artistic and life partner, Augustin Ganley. The film is set to be released in fall 2020. Alongside the film and raising their 1-yr-old daughter, Saoirse, Augustin and Lindsay are beginning a new theatre practice in Western Massachusetts to devise The Garden inspired by Dante's Inferno (email lindsayswan711@gmail.com if you're interested in collaborating). Lindsay is happy to be back at Earthdance in the Marketing role after having lived and worked at Earthdance on and off for five years.
publicity@earthdance.net
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East Waste is the trading name of the Eastern Waste Management Authority. The Authority was established according to the Local Government Act 1999 as a regional subsidiary of seven councils – Adelaide Hills Council; City of Burnside; Campbelltown City Council; City of Norwood Payneham & St Peters; City of Mitcham; the Corporation of the Town of Walkerville and City of Prospect (called Member Councils).
East Waste is governed by a board, with a director from each member council, and communicates with its member councils in various ways.
East Waste is administered in accordance with the Local Government Act, the Authority’s Charter, and various policies and codes.
East Waste’s Charter outlines our role and key functions – the collection and disposal of waste and recycling in an environmentally responsible, effective, efficient, economic and competitive manner. The Charter also covers educational responsibilities for both councils and the community as well as the procedures and policies surrounding board powers, meetings, reporting and general management of the Authority. The current version of the Charter for East Waste was gazetted on 28 September 2017. Click here to download a copy of the Charter.
Our Charter sits within the broader context of the Local Government Act, which is designed to promote better government; encourage community participation in local government; and provide an effective, efficient and accountable system. It also encourages local governments to provide appropriate and ecologically-sustainable services. The Audit and Risk Management Committee was established according to the Act to review East Waste’s accounting and financial management systems as well as annual financial statements and liaise with external auditors.
Policies and codes
East Waste has developed various codes of conduct and policies to help the organisation run smoothly, guide the Board and staff, and be transparent with the communities we serve.
Remuneration Policy for the Chair of the Board, Reimbursement of Expenses Policy for the Chair of the Board
Code of Conduct, Directors, Complaint Handling Policy, Register of Interests
Code of Practice – Meeting procedure and Public Access to Meetings and Documents
Sales and Disposal of Land and Other Assets Policy
Purchase of Goods and Services Policy
Privacy Policy – for websites
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Fact check: Trump says 10,000 at El Paso County Coliseum rally; Fire Department says not true
President Donald Trump at his El Paso rally says 10,000 people were inside El Paso County Coliseum; Fire Department says not true
Fact check: Trump says 10,000 at El Paso County Coliseum rally; Fire Department says not true President Donald Trump at his El Paso rally says 10,000 people were inside El Paso County Coliseum; Fire Department says not true Check out this story on ElPasoTimes.com: https://www.elpasotimes.com/story/news/2019/02/11/el-paso-fire-officials-say-trump-crowd-estimate-permission-not-true/2844091002/
Times Staff Report Published 8:22 p.m. MT Feb. 11, 2019 | Updated 10:20 a.m. MT Feb. 12, 2019
Trump rally: President Donald Trump's visit to El Paso, Beto O'Rourke's ...
2/11/19 5:44:54 PM -- El Paso, TX, U.S.A -- A counter-rally led by former U.S. Senate candidate Beto O’Rourke joined the March for Truth with hundreds of people along with Border Network for Human Rights, Women's March, to protest against President Trump campaign rally near El Paso County Coliseum on Feb. 11, 2019. Nick Oza, for USA TODAY
2/11/19 11:30:14 AM -- El Paso, TX, U.S.A -- On Monday morning, dozen newly-arrived migrants from around Mexico and Latin America to the Casa del Migrante, the Catholic-run shelter for migrants located in Ciudad Juarez. Photo by Nick Oza, Gannett Nick Oza, for USA TODAY
2/11/19 5:52:34 PM -- El Paso, TX, U.S.A -- A counter-rally led by former U.S. Senate candidate Beto O’Rourke joined the March for Truth with hundreds of people along with Border Network for Human Rights, Women's March, to protest against President Trump campaign rally near El Paso County Coliseum on Feb. 11, 2019. Nick Oza Nick Oza, for USA TODAY
2/11/19 5:52:49 PM -- El Paso, TX, U.S.A -- A counter-rally led by former U.S. Senate candidate Beto O’Rourke joined the March for Truth with hundreds of people along with Border Network for Human Rights, Women's March, to protest against President Trump campaign rally near El Paso County Coliseum on Feb. 11, 2019. Photo by Nick Oza, Gannett Nick Oza, for USA TODAY
2/11/19 8:18:14 PM -- El Paso, TX, U.S.A -- President Trump campaign rally near El Paso County Coliseum on Feb. 11, 2019. Nick Oza, for USA TODAY
2/11/19 9:07:59 PM -- El Paso, TX, U.S.A -- Anthony Gonzalez, a President Trump supporter during the campaign rally near El Paso County Coliseum on Feb. 11, 2019. Nick Oza, for USA TODAY
2/11/19 6:12:34 PM -- El Paso, TX, U.S.A -- Hundreds joined the March for Truth along with Border Network for Human Rights, Women's March, to protest against President Trump campaign rally near El Paso County Coliseum on Feb. 11, 2019. Nick Oza, for USA TODAY
2/11/19 5:58:05 PM -- El Paso, TX, U.S.A -- A counter-rally led by former U.S. Senate candidate Beto O’Rourke, holds his son Henry, joined the March for Truth with hundreds of people along with Border Network for Human Rights, Women's March, to protest against President Trump campaign rally near El Paso County Coliseum on Feb. 11, 2019. Photo by Nick Oza, Gannett Nick Oza, for USA TODAY
President Donald Trump speaks Monday a the El Paso County Coliseum. Mark Lambie / El Paso Times
Donald Trump Jr. speaks at the rally Monday, Feb. 11, 2019, at the El Paso County Coliseum. Aaron Martinez/El Paso Times
President Donald Trump speaks at the rally Monday, Feb. 11, 2019, at the El Paso County Coliseum. Aaron Martinez/El Paso Times
A sign shows support for Mexicans at the counter-rally Feb. 11, 2019. Rick Jervis/USA TODAY Network
Support was evident for Beto O'Rourke at the counter-rally Monday, Feb. 11, 2019, in El Paso. Rafael Carranza/USA TODAY Network
People listen during the counter-rally Feb. 11, 2019. VIC KOLENC/EL PASO TIMES
A Trump pinata made an appearance at the counter-rally Monday, Feb. 11, 2019, after Baby Trump balloon couldn't make because of the wind. Jacqueline Devine/Las Cruces Sun-News
A Whataburger fan shows up at the counter-rally Monday, Feb. 11, 2019, in El Paso. Jacqueline Devine/Las Cruces Sun-News
A sign questions the fiscal sense of the wall. Jacqueline Devine/Las Cruces Sun-News
Police break up a confrontation outside the El Paso County Coliseum on Monday, Feb. 11, 2019. Diana Alba Soular/Las Cruces Sun-News
Support was evident for Beto O'Rourke at the counter-rally Monday, Feb. 11, 2019, in El Paso. Jacqueline Devine/Las Cruces Sun-News
A counter-rally led by former U.S. Senate candidate Beto O'Rourke, holding his son Henry, joined the March for Truth with hundreds of people along with Border Network for Human Rights, Women's March, to protest against President Trump campaign rally in El Paso, Texas. NICK OZA for USA TODAY
A counter-rally led by former U.S. Senate candidate Beto O'Rourke in El Paso, Texas. NICK OZA for USA TODAY
President Donald Trump speaks Monday at the El Paso County Coliseum. Mark Lambie/El Paso Times
President Donald Trump arrives Monday, Feb. 11, 2019, at the El Paso International Airport. Mark Lambie/El Paso Times
Lt. Gov. Dan Patrick arrives Monday, Feb. 11, 2019, at the El Paso International Airport. Mark Lambie/El Paso Times
The presidential motorcade awaits the arrival of President Donald Trump on Monday, Feb. 11, 2019, at the El Paso International Airport. Mark Lambie/El Paso Times
Invited guests await the arrival of President Donald Trump on Monday, Feb. 11, 2019, at the El Paso International Airport. Mark Lambie/El Paso Times
Air Force One lands at the El Paso International Airport on Monday. Daniel Borunda/El Paso Times
Dignitaries wait for the president Monday at the El Paso International Airport. Daniel Borunda/El Paso Times
Former Senate candidate Beto O'Rourke stands in the background during the counter-rally Monday. Diana Alba Soular/Las Cruces Sun-News
People at the counter-rally hold a banner against the border wall Monday. VIC KOLENC/EL PASO TIMES
A sign at the counter-rally alleges that President Donald Trump hates tacos. Diana Alba Soular/Las Cruces Sun-News
Thousands join the counter-rally Monday in El Paso, chanting, “Reforma si, el muro no!" (Reform yes, the wall no). Rick Jervis/USA TODAY
Texas Republican U.S. Sen. John Cornyn enters the El Paso County Coliseum on Monday, Feb. 11, 2019, ahead of President Donald Trump's rally. Aaron Martinez/El Paso Times
The Beto Mobile shows up at the counter-rally Monday. Rick Jervis/USA TODAY
Signs supporting Beto O'Rourke were on display at the counter-rally Monday. Rick Jervis/USA TODAY
El Pasoan Eddie Rojas said at counter-rally: “The world is looking at El Paso right now.” Rick Jervis/USA TODAY
Maria Telles of Las Cruces shows her support for President Donald Trump at before Trump rally in El Paso with her dog, Penny. Jacqueline Devine/Las Cruces Sun-News
Buttons backing a presidential run by Beto O'Rourke are on sale Monday before his rally. VIC KOLENC/EL PASO TIMES
About 100 invited guests line up Monday for the arrival of President Donald Trump at the El Paso International Airport. Daniel Borunda/El Paso Times
El Paso police wait outside hangar where President Donald Trump was set to arrive within hours Monday. Daniel Borunda/El Paso Times
A lone Trump detractor stands on his bicycle amid a sea of Trump supporters on Monday. "Life is a risk, man," he said. "You've got to stand up for what you believe in. I don't want my kids growing up in a racist society. I don't want them to be ashamed to be Mexican." He wouldn't give his name. Blake Gumprecht/Las Cruces Sun-news
Rafael Hernandez, left, and Tony Murillo, both of El Paso, hold signs protesting President Donald Trump. Both say they were upset at Trump's remarks about El Paso in the State of the Union speech and want to send a different message Monday. Diana Albar Soular/Las Cruces Sun-News
A border wall mascot makes an appearance Monday before President Donald Trump's rally. Jacqueline Devine/Las Cruces Sun-News
The number of counterprotesters grows as they gather Monday. Diana Albar Soular/Las Cruces Sun-News
Police block off Boone Street at Delta Drive on Monday in advance of President Donald Trump's rally. Diana Albar Soular/Las Cruces Sun-News
President Donald Trump boards Air Force One as he leaves Andrews Air Force Base in Maryland on Monday, Feb. 11, 2019, for a trip to El Paso. Trump will hold his first campaign rally since November's midterm elections in El Paso as he faces a defining week for his push for a border wall, his presidency and his 2020 prospects. Manuel Balce Ceneta/Associated Press
The counter rally to President Donald Trump's begins to form at Bowie High School in El Paso on Monday, Feb. 11, 2019. Diana Alba Soular/Las Cruces Sun News
President Donald Trump walks up the steps of Air Force One at Andrews Air Force Base in Maryland on Monday, Feb. 11, 2019. Trump is heading to El Paso to try to turn the debate over a wall at the U.S.-Mexico border back to his political advantage as his signature pledge to American voters threatens to become a model of unfulfilled promises. Susan Walsh/Associated Press
President Donald Trump arrives to board Air Force One at Andrews Air Force Base in Maryland on Monday, Feb. 11, 2019. Trump is heading to El Paso to try to turn the debate over a wall at the U.S.-Mexico border back to his political advantage as his signature pledge to American voters threatens to become a model of unfulfilled promises. Susan Walsh/Associated Press
A crowd estimated at over 850 wait to enter the El Paso Coliseum on Monday afternoon as they wait to hear President Donald Trump. Aaron Martinez/El Paso Times
Trump supporters display their signs backing the president Monday, Feb. 11, 2019, outside the El Paso County Coliseum. They called him "Grandpa Trump." Blake Gumprecht/Las Cruces Sun-News
The crowd waiting to get into President Donald Trump's rally grows Monday, Feb. 11, 2019, outside the El Paso County Coliseum. Aaron Martinez/El Paso Times
Banners supporting President Donald Trump fly outside the El Paso County Coliseum on Monday, Feb. 11, 2019. Aaron Martinez/El Paso Times
Merchandise in English and Spanish awaits supporters of President Donald Trump on Monday, Feb. 11, 2019, in El Paso. Aaron Martinez/El Paso Times
A sign seeks to speed up entry for people attending the rally by President Donald Trump on Monday, Feb. 11, 2019, at the El Paso County Coliseum. John C. Moritz/USA TODAY Network
Gavin Clarkson of Las Cruces, New Mexico, was among the first to arrive at the El Paso County Convention Center for the Donald Trump rally on Feb. 11, 2019. John C. Moritz/USA Today Network
People carry a sign that says, "Finish The Wall," on Monday, Feb. 11, 2019, at the El Paso County Coliseum ahead of President Donald Trump's rally. John C. Moritz/USA TODAY Network
Stands are set up Monday, Feb. 11, 2019, selling Trump merchandise ahead of the president's rally at the El Paso County Coliseum. John C. Moritz/USA TODAY Network
Hawkers set up Monday, Feb. 11, 2019, to sell Trump merchandise ahead of the president's rally at the El Paso County Coliseum. John C. Moritz/USA TODAY Network
People outside the El Paso County Coliseum on Monday, Feb. 11, 2019, prepare for the rally by President Donald Trump set for 7 p.m. John C. Moritz/USA TODAY Network
The usual beautiful blue sky greets people preparing for President Donald Trump's rally Monday, Feb. 11, 2019, at the El Paso County Coliseum. John C. Moritz/USA TODAY Network
A giant U.S. flag is set up Monday, Feb. 11, 2019, at the El Paso County Coliseum in preparation for the rally by President Donald Trump. John C. Moritz/USA TODAY Network
Media prepare for President Donald Trump's rally on Monday, Feb. 11, 2019, at the El Paso County Coliseum. John C. Moritz/USA TODAY Network
A sign urges people to get the latest updates on President Donald Trump's campaign via text service. John C. Moritz/USA TODAY Network
The El Paso County Coliseum holds about 6,500 people, but President Donald Trump told the crowd that his campaign got special permission from the El Paso Fire Department to let 10,000 inside.
An El Paso Fire Department spokesman on Monday said the president's claim was incorrect.
Enrique D Aguilar, fire public information officer, said no special permission was given by the Fire Department, and the Coliseum had about 6,500 people in it during the president's rally — at capacity, but well within its standard allowance.
Aguilar said "it might be 10,000 with the people outside" total, but the Fire Department did not track the number of people outside. The Coliseum was full at about 4 p.m., and thousands watched the president's speech on big screens outside.
TRUMP RALLY EL PASO:
Protesters disrupt President Trump's El Paso rally speech
Photographer Annie Leibovitz spotted at Beto rally
Help support local journalism: The El Paso Times is dedicated to providing our community with the latest news coverage — but we need your help. Take advantage of our Presidents' Day special by signing up for an unlimited digital subscription for as low as $1 for the first 3 months.
Read or Share this story: https://www.elpasotimes.com/story/news/2019/02/11/el-paso-fire-officials-say-trump-crowd-estimate-permission-not-true/2844091002/
El Paso's most wanted fugitives for Jan. 5
El Paso Zoo mourns death of Melor
'Targeting El Paso' documentary to air on PBS
La Tuna inmate wanted after fleeing prison's camp
3 men sought in theft of gold bracelet at mall
UTEP coach released from Miami hospital
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Home >> A Issues >> Chat >> Wire Side Chats: There's a New 'Captain' in the Treasure House!
There's a New "Captain" in the Treasure House!
Meet the new Captain Kangaroo! His name is John McDonough and Education World had an opportunity to talk with him about his background and about his goals for "The All New Captain Kangaroo."
On Saturday morning, all across the United States, millions of nostalgic parents will corral their little ones to the TV screen as a familiar theme song rings out over the airwaves.
Copyright© 1997 Saban
A new generation of preschoolers is about to be introduced to John McDonough. But the kids -- and the parents too -- will call McDonough by his other, more well-known, name: Captain Kangaroo.
McDonough is the new "Captain," the star of "The All New Captain Kangaroo." Produced by Saban Entertainment, the syndicated show begins airing nationwide September 13 on 135 TV stations.
Last week, McDonough, er, Captain Kangaroo, graciously took time out of his demanding schedule to sit down and talk to Education World.
Here's what he had to say.
EW: Does one teacher in your past stand out in your memory?
CK: More than one, certainly. I was a sensitive child and I remember my third grade teacher telling me a story that made me cry. She realized that I was having difficulty with the emotion of the story and she didn't want to draw attention to me because she was sensitive to me. Casually, I remember in retrospect, she drew the attention of the other students elsewhere. Then she took me out into the hall and told me to look at the sunny side. "It's only a story," she said. Her caring and her nurturing and her explaining things was really wonderful and left a big impression on me.
You've recorded books for the blind. You've done a lot of children's theater. How have those things helped prepare you for your new role as Captain Kangaroo?
When I was doing children's theater with the Plum Cake Players, I learned how to communicate with the children in the audience. That's where I learned how to get and keep children's attention, and when to move on. There's nothing like a live audience of kids to teach you how to keep things moving.
What other experiences in your past have helped to prepare you to be the Captain?
The antithesis of performing for a live group of kids would be recording a book for one child to listen to. When I'm recording a book, I imagine the microphone in front of me as the ear of a child. Recording books is a very different kind of theater -- theater of the mind. You must make it a spectacle and also take it down to make it very personal. That's really helped me in trying to communicate with the individual child in their living room.
In the show, the captain is the butt of Mr. Moose's persistent knock-knock jokes -- which always bring ping-pong balls raining down on you!
I haven't learned very well, have I? He gets me just where he needs me!
I know you must be tired of those jokes, but I have one for you. Ready?...
Knock-knock.
Doris who?
Doris closed. That's why I knocked!...
What's your favorite knock-knock joke?
I've heard so many. I can tell you about one I heard when I was going to get on a plane recently. A child ran up and told me...Knock-knock.
Impatient cow.
Impa-
(Interrupting impatiently!) Moo-o-o-o! Moo-o-o-o-o!
Here's another... Knock-knock.
Candy?
Candy who?
Candy ping-pong balls be held back this time?
Probably not. It's probably too late. Technically, we have to be sure that the ping pong balls aren't dropped from too great a distance. Physics tells us that even a light object gains force as it gains velocity!
What are your memories of the Captain Kangaroo selection process? Was it a grueling ordeal?
It was, in that you never quite knew how you came across and whether they were interested in you or not. I think that toward the end the level of ability of all of the applicants was pretty good. The question was Did they want young? 0ld? Musically trained? What? There were lots of wonderful people in the wings. I don't know what to say. I'm dumfounded that they chose me.
Do you know that the Captain's initials are the same as Calvin Klein's? Do you plan to market a line of CK cologne?
I don't think that there's going to be a cologne. I hope not. Maybe essence of carrot!
Each of the episodes of "The All New Captain Kangaroo" is constructed loosely around a theme of importance to preschoolers. The theme of one of the first episodes is following directions. What other themes will you be exploring?
Friendship, dealing with emotions and anger, sharing, persistence, rejection -- not being chosen, aggressiveness and competitiveness, love of the arts, dealing with boredom, table manners. There are so many of them. Is that 13? We've taped 13 episodes already. We're working on one on conservation. Mr. Green Jeans will provide some gardening tips in that one.
Who is advising the show regarding the needs of preschoolers?
We have an advisory board made of educators, pediatricians, and media folks. They've been very helpful with some tricky issues. We talk to them as often as we can.
Nobel.
Nobel who?
Nobel, that's why I knocked...
What one behind-the-scenes story can you tell me that the preschoolers who watch your show don't really need to know?
Lots of funny things happen off camera that the preschoolers don't need to know. There are four cameras going most of the time. It's very difficult to keep track of which one is on at any given time. It's difficult for me anyway. But one time one of the directors called out "Mr. Moose, will you please look at Camera 3?" To that Mr. Moose responded: "Do I have to remind you, sir, that I have plastic eyeballs?"
What's the most unusual thing the Captain has found in his pockets recently?
A little wooden etcetera. Frequently the script calls for me to pull out of my pockets "a toy whistle, a piece of fruit, magicians' scarves, etcetera." The prop people decided to build me a little wooden etcetera. One day when the script called for me to pull a list of items -- "etcetera" -- out of my pocket, I pulled out my little wooden etcetera!
On each Treasure House episode, you'll read aloud a children's book. And I understand that the Captain's cause celebre will be the Reading is Fundamental Program. This seems like a perfect match for your talents. What plans do you have for your RIF involvement?
We're working on a plan in which I'll be trying my best to instill in parents and siblings in all walks of life to read with the children. I'm delighted to have the opportunity to do what I do best, which is read books...The spot on the show where I read is my favorite part of the show.
What one book so far has been your favorite one to read aloud?
Of the ones I've taped so far is one called Mama Zooms [by Jane Cowen-Fletcher, Scholastic 1993]. It's written from the perspective of a child whose mother is in a wheelchair, but you really don't understand that until the last picture where the family is shown together and you see the father and the child next to the mother in her wheelchair.
Tulsa.
Tulsa who?
Tulsa 'nother story, Captain!...
On the show, you'll be meeting lots of animals from Busch Gardens and Sea World. Which animal do you look forward to meeting most?
In the ones that we'll be taping soon I get to meet a Bengal tiger. I can't wait. They're gorgeous animals and I've never seen one up close. I did meet Harriet, the tarantula. She wasn't cute and cuddly but she wasn't unlike holding a honeybee. A large, very large honeybee.
Does the Captain have a Web site?
I don't think so, but I think they're working on it.
Knoxville.
Knoxville who?
Knocksville get an answer if you knock long enough!...
What's been your biggest surprise about being the Captain since taking on the role?
They want me to be me. That was a huge surprise. I'm so used to putting on a costume and becoming someone else and they wanted me to put on the costume and become -- me! It's not what I was prepared for, but it was a great relief -- because I didn't have to do that much research.
Have you met or talked with Bob Keeshan, the original Captain Kangaroo?
No I haven't but the latest I've heard is that he's very interested in waiting and seeing what the show's going to be like. I certainly hope that he'll be pleased. He's been skeptical, you know.
If you could say anything to him or ask anything of him, what would that be?
I'd say that I hope he has as much fun watching the show as we are having producing it. We owe it all to him.
Anaconda.
Anaconda who?
I can't get together with you for breakfast this Saturday, anaconda I have to watch "The All New Captain Kangaroo"!...
The Captain has always been the butt of pranks planned by Bunny Rabbit and Mr. Moose. And the new show has a new prankster too -- Joey the Kangaroo. In the first episodes you end up wearing a birthday cake and a carrot cake. What's your favorite kind of cake to wear?
The carrot cake, that was pretty good!
What would you say is your major goal for "The All New Captain Kangaroo"?
My major goal is to become a friend to a child somewhere who feels either neglected or lonely.
Is there any other message you want to send to EW readers?
Just that we have some very important and very exciting guests coming up. Stay tuned. All I can tell you is that I'm VERY excited about introducing some of these people.
No hints?
I'll, um, no, uh, but, I, uh...I'm afraid our time is just about up.
I can take a hint. Do we have time for one last knock-knock?...
Alaska who?
Alaska no more questions!
Thank you. And I hope you enjoy the show.
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Feature: Provident North End...
Preston’s prestigious past has inspired and not hindered the club’s latest crop of contenders and, in Alex Neil, the Lilywhites have a manager with the foresight to take them to the top
@EFL
For some football Clubs, history is what defines them. For some, it determines expectations and for others it serves as the ultimate motivation. For Preston North End, a club with a story quite different to any other, history is serving as a source of pride, one which those in Lancashire are hoping to provide for the next generation.
Alan Kelly; Bill Shankly; Sir Tom Finney. Just a few of the famous names and faces that still adorn the club’s Deepdale home. Reminders of the legendary ‘Invincibles’ of 1888/89 – the team which, to this day, remain the only one to have won the league and FA Cup double without defeat – are ten a penny too. It’s a place brimming with incredible memories, and one in which the country’s football museum stood for almost a decade.
To this day, stories are told of one of the Football League’s founding members, stories racked up over 139 years and thousands of fixtures. Today though, a new one is in the process of being written by the club’s sapient Scotsman, Alex Neil, whose two-and-a-half- year tenure as manager has so far brought an optimism that the next chapter in Preston’s story could be up there with the best.
At the time of writing, Neil’s North End are flying. Second in the standings with one point gained for every goal scored after 16 games – 31 of each, to be precise – it would be difficult not to get carried away, wouldn’t it?
“We know we’re on the cusp of something special here,” he says, sitting down for an interview on one of the busiest weeks of media demands the club has had in recent memory. “The history of this club of course makes it a special one, and I think history is there to be re-written.
“We have a rich history here at Preston. People always talk about ‘The Invincibles’ and the team that went unbeaten in the league; we’ve got Sir Tom Finney in our history too, who’s a worldwide star at the club.
“We’re coming up to our 5,000th league game and will be the first club to reach that milestone. Of the original League Clubs I think we’re one of only three teams to have not played in the Premier League. So I think everybody understands the magnitude of what could be achieved this season.
“I think that, for the future of this club, we need to build on all of that and make new history, because if you keep talking about the past it means nothing is happening in the present. I think naturally we have to embrace that history; we’ve got to remember it because it’s part of the club but we’ve got to look forward at the same time.”
What Neil has built to date is quite remarkable. His is a squad of young, hungry players with the ability to score and entertain, one which means that Northenders are cheering on real promotion contenders. And while the list of past marquee players often appears never-ending at the club, it’s emerging talents plucked from lower divisions - including the likes of defender Joe Rafferty and striker Jayden Stockley - that are helping make a mark.
Indeed, the 2019/20 campaign will see the club become the first to reach 5,000 league games, and could well prove a vital moment in their push towards the Premier League. For those involved with the club in the modern day, this would be as good a time as any to begin a new legacy.
“I think for Preston to get to the Premier League and achieve that promotion, it would be one of the great stories in modern-day football,” Neil adds. “Based on the history that we’ve got and the budget that we work off, it would be a huge success story.
“We’re still a long way away from that, but what we have shown is our credentials and the fact that we can compete with any team. If we can sustain the challenge, then anything is possible. As a fan, as a player and as a manager, you’re involved in football for moments like promotions and trophy wins. Those are the moments that you look back on with pride and no-one can ever take them away from you – they’re priceless.
“To be honest, where we are now has been two years in the making, both from a first-team perspective and a club perspective. But the one thing about us is, if we don’t do it this year, it doesn’t stop the journey. We will keep going.”
The changes have been far from wholesale, either. Preston finished the 2018/19 season in 14th place with much the same group of players, 13 points adrift of the Play-Off places and 21 above the relegation zone. Comfortably mid-table.
In the end, it was one of Neil’s former Clubs, Norwich City, who went up as champions, just four years after the man himself had guided them to the top flight.
“One thing I do think has changed at the club in the last two seasons is that two years ago when I arrived, I think Preston North End as a club was happy being in the Championship, mentality-wise. I think they were happy to compete but that dynamic has completely changed,” he says.
“Everyone from the very top to the bottom is striving for better and striving for more. We all really want to push the limits and see how far we can take this club. Ultimately, in the long run, we do want to get promoted. If you don’t set yourself those targets and high ambitions then what’s the point?
“I’ve been managing for seven or eight years now. When I was at Hamilton, we were down at the bottom end of the Championship which, for the squad we had, wasn’t good enough at the time. We did get promoted, though, and that was much more of a short-term vision and getting the outcome that we wanted.
“Norwich was the same. I went there when they were tenth in the Championship, but they wanted promotion that season and we did manage to achieve that in the end – so again that was a short-term target that we did achieve.
“That’s where Preston North End has been a little bit different for me. This has been two years in the making to get to where we are now, whereas previously I’ve only had a matter of months, or a season.”
In many ways, modern-day football is a different game to the one played so beautifully by the likes of Preston-born Sir Tom Finney, who is often regarded as one of North End and England’s greatest-ever players. The lessons left behind by the Lilywhites’ former heroes though are still pertinent to this day.
For Preston’s current manager, if the club is to be promoted this season, or indeed in the seasons to come, it will be the old-fashioned values instilled at the club all those years ago that will see them over the line.
“We’ve got a real bond and a real team spirit, where people just understand each other and that’s taken us a long, long way. That’s something that can’t be underestimated. I suppose it’s a culture and a philosophy that we have here at Preston.
“One thing about our lads is they’ve all had to work hard for everything that they’ve got so far and that continual work to keep striving for progress is what makes us who we are and keeps us where we are. That’s something we like to pride ourselves on.
“If you do your work well and you get good lads who are good players that have the right attitudes and want to work, then a lot can be achieved. As a coach or a manager, the one thing you always want is to leave every game and every training session knowing the lads have given you everything. You can’t ask for much more than that.
“There may be some days when we aren’t good enough, there may be some days when things don’t work, but at least we all know when looking at each other that we’ve done our very best every day. If you can do that, I think there’s a purity about it. Understanding, determination and quality are a real recipe for success.”
EFL statement: Derby County charged with excess losses
Following a review of Derby County’s Profitability and Sustainability (P&S) submissions, the EFL has charged the Club for recording losses in excess of the permitted amounts provided for in EFL...
EFL Young Player of the Month: Djed Spence rewarded for December form
Middlesbrough defender Djed Spence has been named the EFL Young Player of the Month for December after an impressive breakthrough month in the Sky Bet Championship.
Sky Bet Championship: December Manager and Player of the Month winners
The winners of the Sky Bet Championship Manager and Player of the Month for December are:
Sky Bet Championship: December Player of the Month nominations
The December nominations for the Sky Bet Championship Player of the Month Award are:
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Our Tesla Powerwall Winners One Year On: The Dobinson Family
Anthony and his wife Sammy describe themselves – along with children Tilly and Minnie, and pet pooch Monty – as pretty much your average Australian family, “with slight hippie tendencies”. When they won their Tesla Powerwall from EnergyAustralia, their highest priority was storing the energy produced by their solar panels, which they already had in place, for their electric vehicle. A year on, however, the Powerwall has made a difference in other areas, as well.
“Look,” says Anthony, holding up a power bill. “I could talk about the numbers and the kilowatt hours and the cents per kilowatt, but ultimately, after the battery was installed, that's the biggest indicator: you can see a massive reduction in the bill after the battery was installed.”
Like the other winners, Anthony has found that the Powerwall generates a lot of interest from friends and family. It’s a fascinating innovation, but at the end of the day, what they all want to know is whether it has made a big difference. The response from the Dobinson family is a resounding yes, with a strong recommendation to anyone who is considering buying one.
“It's not only for the elite.”
The savings, however, don’t just come from the nuts-and-bolts of the Tesla system. They come from the awareness that it provides through its app, showing users exactly how and where they are using the most energy. It is a powerful illustration of the family’s energy using habits, and a powerful motivator to change those habits.
“We are able to monitor a lot more closely the ways in which we use energy, consume energy, and thus save energy,” Anthony says.
To Anthony and his family this doesn’t just apply to the past year, but moving forward, as well.
“Without a doubt, this is the future of energy.”
If you think solar power and battery storage could help you manage your family’s energy bills, contact EnergyAustralia to find the option that works best for you.
Our blog – Brighter
Read the latest on what’s happening in the EnergyAustralia community.
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Press Release - Josh Eno Named Chief Technology Officer of EquityNet
Fayetteville, AR -- EquityNet, LLC announced today that Josh Eno is joining the EquityNet team as its new Chief Technology Officer. In making the announcement, EquityNet CEO Judd Hollas stated, “We are extremely excited that Josh is joining our team as our new Chief Technology Officer. Josh began working as a consultant with EquityNet in 2006 and has demonstrated keen ability to advance our software systems and to develop state-of-art technologies for the future. His leadership will be essential in evolving our technologies and products.”
In response to his new role with EquityNet, Mr. Eno said,“EquityNet represents a special opportunity for me to apply my advanced design and development capabilities in a domain that has yet to experience the kind of sophisticated systems that EquityNet has and will continue to commercialize. EquityNet has a class A management team, and I look forward to joining the Company full time.”
Mr. Eno will be responsible for research and development of the Company’s software, database, and statistical systems as well as assisting in the development and management of intellectual property. He will be charged with advancing the capabilities of the Company’s current software systems and developing state-of-art technologies for the future. Mr. Eno began working with EquityNet in 2006 to develop the Company’s novel Risk Quantification System and has continued to advance it and other systems while taking an increasingly active role in the Company. Mr. Eno has over 10 years of experience in research and development of software and database systems for the National Science Foundation, technology startups, and Fortune 500 companies, including Oracle, Acxiom, and Wal-Mart.
Mr. Eno is a Distinguished Doctoral Fellow in the process of completing his Ph.D. in Computer Science at the University of Arkansas, where he has pursued research in the areas of graph algorithms, data mining, predictive statistical models, synthetic data generation, bioinformatics, search personalization, knowledge extraction, and multimedia search. He has presented his research into social networks and recommendation systems at both academic and DARPA conferences. Prior to its sale to Lycos in 2000, Mr. Eno worked as a software developer for MatchMaker.com and subsequently as lead software engineer for Always24x7.com, where he developed a PHP rapid deployment architecture for dynamic database-driven websites. He has also provided intellectual property assessment services and served as an expert legal witness. Mr. Eno earned his B.S. in Computer Science and Mathematics and his M.S. in Computer Science from the University of Arkansas.
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Harvard students create Spray Cake
Two Harvard students, John McCallum and Brooke Nowakowski, have recently developed cake that comes out of a spray can, an idea originally used as a final project for a Science & Cooking class. Culinary arts programs with an emphasis on science continue to be popular as the field of molecular gastronomy remains en vogue in the United States. While many foodies might grimace at the idea of cake in a can, initial testing done by the Harvard students has received positive results from culinary pundits. Although many spray can foods are usually associated with poor quality, the work done by the ivy league duo focuses on using science to create a product similar to any normally baked cake.
Cake in a can
McCallum came up with the idea for cake in a can after listening to a lecture by restaurateur Joanne Chang, who discussed the chemistry of what makes a cake rise in one of his classes at Harvard. A light bulb clicked for the at-the-time college freshman. McCallum invented his cake in a can, knowing he had created a project that would award him an exemplary grade, but he was prepared to leave it in the lab. When he shared the idea with classmate Brooke Nowakowski, she expressed her belief in the project’s potential. After that the duo began experimenting with the product in plans to take it to market, with McCallum as the cake’s inventor and Nowakowski as the brains behind marketing. They also started dating. The two are in the process of patenting what is currently being called Spray Cake.
Spray Cake boasts the ability to make a cupcake in 30 seconds or a full cake in a minute, using a microwave as a heat source. Air bubbles are released into the batter by an accelerant in the can, which nullifies the traditional need for baking soda. The batter simply has to be sprayed into a microwave-safe cooking receptacle. The couple has developed a zebra cake, which is half chocolate and half vanilla, providing an element of versatility to the product.
Nowakowski also claims Spray Cake could benefit portion control, as it makes it possible to quickly cook a single cupcake rather than make an entire batch. The duo is still perfecting their signature flavor, but cake in a can could be in grocery stores soon.
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Actor | Director | Producer | Writer
Directing (53)
Edward Dmytryk (September 4, 1908 – July 1, 1999) was an American film director who was amongst the Hollywood Ten, a group of blacklisted film industry professionals who served time in prison for being in contempt of Congress during the McCarthy-era 'red scare'.
Although born in Grand Forks, British Columbia, Canada, Dmytryk grew up in San Francisco when his Ukrainian parents moved to the United States. At the age of 31, he became a naturalized citizen.
His best known films from the pre-McCarthy period of his career were film noirs Crossfire, for which he received a Best Director Oscar nomination, and Murder, My Sweet, the latter an adaptation of Raymond Chandler's Farewell My Lovely. In addition, he made two World War II films: Hitler's Children, the story of the Hitler youth and Back to Bataan starring John Wayne.
The late 1940's was the time of the Second Red Scare, and Dmytryk was one of many filmmakers investigated. Summoned to appear before the House ... Show more...
The late 1940's was the time of the Second Red Scare, and Dmytryk was one of many filmmakers investigated. Summoned to appear before the House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC), he refused to cooperate and was sent to jail. After spending several months behind bars, Dmytryk made the decision to testify again, and give the names of his fellow members in the American Communist Party as the HUAC had demanded. On April 25, 1951, Dmytryk appeared before HUAC for the second time, answering all questions. He spoke of his own Party past, a very brief membership in 1945, including the naming of twenty-six former members of left-wing groups. He explained how John Howard Lawson, Adrian Scott, Albert Maltz and others had pressured him to include communist propaganda in his films. His testimony damaged several court cases that others of the so-called "Hollywood 10" had filed. He recounted his experiences of the period in his revealing 1996 book, Odd Man Out: A Memoir of the Hollywood Ten (Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale, IL).
For a time, Dmytryk moved to England, and Stanley Kramer hired him to direct a trio of low-budget films before handing Dmytryk The Caine Mutiny. He made films for major studios Columbia, 20th Century Fox, MGM and Paramount Pictures, including, among others, Raintree County, The Left Hand of God, The Young Lions, a remake of the Marlene Dietrich classic The Blue Angel, and The Carpetbaggers. Later into the 60' and 70's, he directed Where Love Has Gone, Anzio, Alvarez Kelly, Shalako, and his final film Bluebeard. The films which he directed featured stars such as Humphrey Bogart, Clark Gable, Gene Tierney, Spencer Tracy, Elizabeth Taylor, Bette Davis, Montgomery Clift, Marlon Brando, Sean Connery, Robert Mitchum, Richard Burton, Richard Widmark and Henry Fonda.
After his film career tapered off in the 1970s, he entered academia and taught at the University of Texas at Austin, and at the University of Southern California. He wrote several books on the art of filmmaking (such as "On Film Editing") and lectured at various colleges and theaters, such as the Orson Welles Cinema. Dmytryk died from heart and kidney failure on 1 July, 1999, aged 90, in Encino, California. Show less...
Film Noir: Bringing Darkness to Light (2006)
The Hollywood Ten (1950)
As: Himself
Film Noir burrows into the mind; it's disorienting, intriguing and enthralling. Noir brings us into a gritty underworld of lush morbidity, providing intimate peeks at its tough, scheming dames, mischievous misfits and flawed men - all caught in the wicked web of a twisted fate.
Directed by: Gary Leva
Stars: Drew Casper | Edward Dmytryk | John Alton | Roger Deakins | John Debney
No overview found.
Directed by: John Berry
Stars: Lester Cole | J. Parnell Thomas | Edward Dmytryk | Herbert J. Biberman | Alvah Bessie
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India will struggle to achieve 5 % GDP growth in 2020, says top American economist
Published: January 1, 2020 12:19:13 PM
India will "struggle" to achieve 5 per cent GDP growth in 2020 as the significant deceleration in past few quarters was largely owing to credit squeeze which is a cyclical problem, said noted American economist Steve Hanke who currently teaches applied economics at Johns Hopkins University (USA).
India, which till recently was hailed as the world’s fastest-growing major economy, has seen a growth rate decline to a six-year low of 4.5 per cent in the September quarter of 2019-20.
India will “struggle” to achieve 5 per cent GDP growth in 2020 as the significant deceleration in past few quarters was largely owing to credit squeeze which is a cyclical problem, said noted American economist Steve Hanke who currently teaches applied economics at Johns Hopkins University (USA). He pointed out that India experienced an unsustainable credit boom, and now the chickens are coming to roost with a massive pile of non-performing loans piled up, primarily at the state-owned banks.
“The slowdown in India is related to a credit squeeze, which is a cyclical problem – not a structural problem… As a result, India will struggle to make a GDP growth rate of 5 per cent in 2020,” he told PTI in an interview. He also noted that India is already highly protectionist. India, which till recently was hailed as the world’s fastest-growing major economy, has seen a growth rate decline to a six-year low of 4.5 per cent in the September quarter of 2019-20.
This has largely been attributed to the slowdown in investment that has now broadened into consumption, driven by financial stress among rural households and weak job creation. Hanke, who had served on former US President Ronald Reagan’s Council of Economic Advisers further said that Modi government has failed to make any big economic reforms.
Hanke opined that Modi government seems to have little interest in making tough and required economic reforms. “Instead, Modi government has focus on two things that are destabilising and potentially explosive: ethnicity and religion.”
“This is a deadly cocktail. Indeed, many believe that under Modi, India is already being transformed from the ‘world’s largest democracy’ into the ‘world’s largest police state’,” the eminent economist, who is also a senior fellow and director of the Troubled Currencies Project at the Cato Institute in Washington said.
E-mail queries sent to the Prime Minister’s Office (PMO) seeking comments did not elicit any response.
India will struggle to achieve 5 % GDP growth in 2020 says top American economist
1India’s current account deficit shrinks to 0.9% of GDP in Q2
2GST revenue from 1-line service providers surges
3Amid shortfall in tax revenue, govt cuts spending for Jan-March quarter
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Meanwhile, in Iceland ...
Fiona Katauskas
Fiona Katauskas' work has also appeared in ABC's The Drum, New Matilda, The Sydney Morning Herald, The Age, The Australian, The Financial Review and Scribe's Best Australian political cartoon anthologies.
Recent articles by Fiona Katauskas.
Unhappy new year
These aren't the Magi you're looking for
Naughty and nice?
Dutton doomsayer
The Australian dream
Topic tags: fiona katauskas, Eureka Street, Meanwhile, in Iceland ..., global warming, climate change, arctic ice
SUPPORT RESPECTFUL CONVERSATIONS IN A TIME OF DIVISION
If there's one thing that the recent election campaign and its outcome demonstrated, it's the depth of the divisions that exist in our Australian community.
Our politics is focused on point-scoring, personalities, and name-calling across party lines. The media, for the most part, don't help, driven by the 24-hour news cycle and the pursuit of advertising dollars into a frenzy of click-bait and shallow sensationalism.
What does it mean to be an Australian in times like these? What are the values that unite us?
Eureka Street offers an alternative. It's less a magazine than a wide ranging conversation about the issues that matter in our country and our world; a conversation marked by respect for the dignity of ALL human beings.
Importantly, it's a conversation that takes place in the open, unhindered by paywalls or excessive advertising. And it's through the support of people like you that it is able to do so.
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Local time: 20:30 FUENTE DE SAN LUIS
Valencia Basket used a 24-0 run spanning the first and second quarters to finish its Eurocup Regular Season in style with a dominating 93-68 victory at home over BC Azovmash Mariupol in Group D. Having already secured first place in the group, Valencia improved to 5-1 as Bojan Dubljevic collected 26 points and 8 rebounds. Valencia advances to Last 16 Group J together with Bilbao Basket, VEF Riga and CEZ Nymburk. Joffrey Lauvergne scored 19 points and Thomas Kelati added 13 points for the winners. Azovmash bowed out of the Eurocup without a victory despite 14 points from Miroslav Raduljica, 13 from Oleksiy Pecherov and 10 from Artem Slipenchuk.
Justin Doellman scored the first five points for Valencia, which pulled ahead 7-2. The game was tied six times when Azovmash made it 15-15. But Lauvergne scored eight straight points to start a 15-0 run to close the first quarter for a 30-15 Valencia lead. The hosts hit the first nine points of the second quarter for a 39-15 advantage. Slipenchuk knocked down a three-pointer to snap Mariupol’s 6:53 minute scoreless streak and the guests pulled within 41-23. Dubljecvic hit back-to-back baskets in helping Valencia push the cushion back to 48-23. Azovmash twice got the deficit to 22 points before the hosts led 57-32 at halftime.
Raduljica tried his best to keep Azovmash in the game and helped cut the gap to 59-38 and then eventually 66-47. But the mix of Lauvergne and Dubljevic was too much and Valencia was ahead 75-52 after three quarters. Kelati opened the fourth period with a triple for the hosts and Dubljevic’s three started a streak of 11 straight points for the Montenegro talent in building the lead to 89-64, when he was subbed out for a good ovation from the home fans.
Referees: LOVSIN, ANDREJ; PILOIDIS, ANASTASIOS; JURAS, JASMINA
Valencia Basket 30 27 18 18
Azovmash Mariupol 15 17 20 16
00 SAN MIGUEL, RODRIGO 18:35 2 1/1 2 2 4 1 3 1 7
4 MARKOVIC, STEFAN 26:02 6 0/1 1/2 3/4 2 4 6 6 1 1 1 3 17
7 DOELLMAN, JUSTIN 16:32 8 1/2 2/3 1 2 3 1 1 1 10
8 KESELJ, MARKO 19:25 8 1/2 1/4 3/3 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 7
10 ABIA, LARRY 7:40 0/1 1 2 3 2 1 1
14 DUBLJEVIC, BOJAN 23:36 26 7/9 1/3 9/10 4 4 8 1 1 1 1 3 7 33
17 MARTINEZ, RAFA 25:33 9 3/6 1/5 1 1 2 1 3
20 PIETRUS, FLORENT 20:10 0/1 2 1 3 3 2 4 1 4
22 KELATI, THOMAS 21:00 13 2/3 3/4 3 3 1 1 1 13
24 SABATER, LUIS 1:45 2 2/2 1 3
44 LAUVERGNE, JOFFREY 19:42 19 7/10 1/2 2/3 3 3 1 1 2 3 18
Head coach: PERASOVIC, VELIMIR
Azovmash Mariupol
4 GREER, LYNN DNP - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
7 PECHEROV, OLEKSIY 19:40 13 3/7 1/4 4/4 3 2 5 2 3 1 1 2 12
9 RADULJICA, MIROSLAV 16:40 14 7/9 1 1 2 1 1 4 3 15
11 BAIDA, BOGDAN 12:09 0/2 0/1 1 1 1 1 2 4 -8
13 KOLCHENKO, OLEKSANDR 15:57 6 3/4 0/1 2 2 1 2 1 1 7
14 ZAYTSEV, IHOR 10:22 4 2/4 1 1 2 1 1 1 5
15 SERAPINAS, SIMONAS 23:27 6 0/2 2/6 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 1 3
18 SLIPENCHUK, ARTEM 34:11 10 2/2 2/6 1 1 2 8 1 2 3 12
20 DRAGICEVIC, TADIJA 20:20 3 1/3 1/2 2 4 6 2 1 2 1 1 2 7
22 ZABIRCHENKO, DMYTRO 18:16 0/2 1 3 -4
31 PAUNIC, IVAN 16:00 3 1/4 1/2 2 2 2 2 5
34 NATYAZHKO, KYRYL 12:58 9 3/7 3/3 1 1 2 1 1 3 8
Head coach: ZAVALIN, SERGIY
PERASOVIC, VELIMIR
"We wanted to give our best image in this game, even though it was not important for the standings. The players who play less minutes they have tried to do their best, that's the most important thing."
ZAVALIN, SERGIY
"This game was as a cold shower for us. We decided to reserve some players to prepare the next games."
DUBLJEVIC, BOJAN
"We are very happy for this victory. We played with energy, although we were first for sure in the group. Now we’ll try to give our best in the Last 16."
REGULAR SEASON LAST 16 QUARTERFINALS SEMIFINALS FINALS
CEZ Basketball Nymburk 74
Prienai Rudupis 73
Budivelnik Kiev 84
Uxue Bilbao Basket 85
Belgacom Spirou Basket 84
Lukoil Academic Sofia 55
Artland Dragons 94
BC Triumph Lyubertsy 95
Le Mans Sarthe Basket 67
s.Oliver Baskets Wurzburg 62
Galatasaray Medical Park 81
Trefl Sopot 70
Panionios Athens 85
Crvena Zvezda Telekom Belgrade 70
Cajasol Seville 76
Dinamo Banco di Sardegna Sassari 71
Orleans Loiret Basket 95
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Melchers Enters a Strategic Partnership with 88Spares and Becomes Major Shareholder Go back »
2019-12-04 | Beijing
We are proud to announce our strategic partnership with the Indonesian start-up 88Spares and to support their innovative services to achieve a lasting impact in Indonesia and beyond.
While the textile sector currently provides over 3 million jobs for Indonesian workers, the export volume of Indonesian textile products has reached $13 billion in 2018, marking a 5% increase from 2017. In 2019 the industry is set to grow by another 19%, as is expected by Statistics Indonesia. These numbers illustrate the importance of the Indonesian textile production for the country’s economic success. Therefore it is crucial for Southeast Asian island state to ensure the competitiveness and longevity of the Indonesian textile industry.
About 88Spares
88Spares was founded in 2017 and is headquartered in the Indonesian capital Jakarta. The Company envisions to become a change catalyst of the industry while serving as a digital marketplace for textile manufacturers and spare parts suppliers. By providing an online platform for specialized machine spare parts & services 88Spares is set to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the textile industry. Therefore it is empowering one of Indonesia’s oldest industries and contributes to the prosperity and development of the country.
About Melchers
The Melchers Group is a multinational trading and business, founded in 1806 in Germany and entered into the Asian market 150 years ago. The Melchers Group has a strong presence across Asia and employs over 1,700 people and manages over 50 companies globally.
Nicolas Helms, Managing Partner of the Melchers Group says, “We believe 88Spares will significantly change the way textile producers in Indonesia source their products – starting with spare parts. 88Spares will become an invaluable part of the Indonesian textile production landscape.”
Learn more on Melchers Website: https://www.melchers-china.com/
Follow us on LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/company/melchers-beijing-ltd
Source: Melchers Beijing Ltd.
Members News New
Tell Us Your Big News
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Projects and Research Groups
Comparative Behavioral Ecology
Theory in Cultural Evolution Lab
ERC - Ape Attachment Project
Evolution of Brain Connectivity
ERC - Waves
→→Behavioral Ecology→Projects and Research Groups→Taï Chimpanzee Project→Camps
The North Camp
This is the original camp that Christophe and Hedwige Boesch built in the late 1970s to study the behaviour of the chimpanzees. It was home to their family for more than 10 years and the base for many extraordinary observations. These days the North Camp constitutes the hygiene barrier between the chimps and the outer world. In the North Camp every visitor to the Tai chimpanzees needs to go through a five day long quarantine before the researcher continues to one of the research camps.
The Barrage
Being away 10 minutes by foot to the north from the North Camp, the Barrage had been established to serve as a meteorological station. During the early 1980s the camp became the base for the field assistants working with the Boeschs in the forest. These days the Barrage is the research camp for everybody working with the North group and our group of mangabeys.
The North group was the first community that Christophe Boesch and his wife Hedwige started to habituate in 1979. It took the Boeschs almost ten years to gain the trust of all community members. The community became famous due to their use of stone hammers and the extraordinary level of collaboration during group hunts on colobus monkeys.
The mangabey group is not yet habituated. We started last in November 2012 to follow the monkeys for out-group comparisons on chimpanzee cognition.
The South Camp
Situated in the forest without any direct connection to a mud road that can be driven by a car, the South camp is reached only on foot (30 min from the Station CRE or 75 min from the North camp). In the 1980s the South camp became the base for the habituation of the second community of chimpanzees habituated in Taï, the South community. Our days the camp has expanded to be our largest camp and serves as the research camp for the South community and the geographic center of TCP.
When the habituation process started with the South group, hopes were high that the South group chimps were the neighbours to the North group. After several years into the habituation, however, in the early 1990s, it became clear that there was a community located in the between North and South group. The South group reached a lot of fame when they featured in the Disney Nature film ‘Chimpanzee’, which was filmed with the South camp as the base for the filming crew.
The Middle group, located in between South and North group, was habituated in the late 1990s, but is not followed on daily bases anymore.
The East Camp
The most remote of our camps, the East camp is 90 min walking distance from the South camp. Built just a few years ago, the East camp is home to our research team for the East group.
Being the latest addition to the Taï family, the East group has taken a steep career. Fully habituated since 2008, the East group includes the star of the Disney Nature movie ‘Chimpanzee’, named Freddy, and some of the other actors.
North-East Camp
After the survey of the Pan African Program in 2012 / 2013 it became clear that North-east group is big and moving further into our research area. Therefore TCP took over the temporary camp of the Pan Af and build a tented camp as a base for the habituation. North-East camp is now a camp providing sleeping possibilities for 6 people and some electricity.
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My Life With Hepatitis C: Paula's Story
This Missouri-area mom needed help to combat her hepatitis C liver infection and turn her life around.
Beth W. Orenstein
Medically Reviewed by Farrokh Sohrabi, MD
Paula Francis with Nancy Steinfurth, Executive Director of Hep C Connection.
Paula Francis was a stay-at-home mom in her twenties when her life began spiraling out of control. She had taken weight-loss drugs to help her lose the weight she had gained during pregnancy, but then that progressed to illicit IV drug use.
“I wanted to stop, but I didn’t know how,” recalls Francis, now 50, the mother of three and an employee in the medical field in Missouri.
The result was a stint in jail and a hepatitis C infection. Today, thanks to the medical and emotional help she received, Francis is free of both illicit drug use and the blood-borne virus. She now works hard to help both women and men with hepatitis C, and encourages them to be proactive about their health.
While serving time, Francis says she prayed: “Don’t let me out until I’m ready to kick this." The answer, she says, came in the form of a woman who offered her a job as a finance manager for a well-known business in her area. “It was her giving me that chance, even though she knew my past, that gave me the courage to keep going,” Francis says.
The Shock of a Hepatitis C Diagnosis
Like many women with hepatitis C, Francis didn’t know for a while that she had the contagious liver infection. She found out when she went to the doctor for flu-like symptoms in her late twenties.
The doctor did blood work, and shortly afterward the call came: “We’re sorry to inform you, you have hepatitis C.”
At the time, little was known about hepatitis C and its effects on women. It wasn't even identified as hepatitis C until 1989; before that, it was simply referred to as non-A, non-B hepatitis, notes Nancy Reau, MD, who specializes in gastroenterology and transplant hepatology at the Center for Liver Diseases at the University of Chicago Medical Center.
What Happens to Your Health When You Aren’t Treated for Hepatitis C
Choosing a Hepatitis C Doctor
When Francis was diagnosed, she had been living with the hepatitis C infection for several years, and her symptoms weren’t enough to push her to seek treatment. During her early forties, though, she started suffering from peripheral neuropathy: numbness or tingling in the extremities.
The medication she was given for the hep C virus had to be injected once a week, and she had pills to take every day. The drugs' side effects made her miserable.
“It’s very, very similar to chemotherapy if you have cancer,” Francis says. She explains that the medications also made her depressed and unable to function. Because of depression, she stopped treatment after about three months.
Even so, Francis was fortunate. When she was tested again about two years later, the results showed that she'd taken the medication long enough and was clear of hepatitis C.
“A viral load was done a year ago because of a surgical procedure I had, and it was still undetected after approximately seven years,” Francis says. “I am comfortable in saying I'm cured.”
RELATED: You Have Hepatitis C: Now What? Best Practices for Keeping Others Safe
Success in Treating Hepatitis C
Today, doctors are prescribing new direct-acting anti-viral agents (DAAs) that have higher cure rates for hepatitis C and fewer side effects, says Robert Gish, MD, of San Diego, whose consulting company provides support to hepatology centers and liver transplant programs.
Still, when someone's receiving treatments that can be difficult, having a strong support system helps, Dr. Reau says. Friends and family can not only offer you support and understanding, but also assist with your errands and medical appointments when you're not feeling good, she says.
Oprah’s Top Wellness Tips for 2020 and Beyond
At a WW event in Fort Lauderdale, Oprah shared how presence, intention, and taking stock of where you are can help you achieve wellness. Here, she shares some practical steps for finding balance and being your most authentic self.Learn More
People in treatment for hepatitis C also become more aware of how transmissible the virus can be. When Francis had hepatitis C, she says, she was very careful not to pass it on to others. “When I was still using drugs, which I did for a while, I was very cautious about the syringes I was using, and about disposing of them properly," she says.
She and her partner were also careful when they had sex. Hepatitis C can be spread through sexual intercourse, though it is less likely than with other viruses, including HIV, according to the Hepatitis C Association.
Hepatitis C Patient Advocacy
Francis is active in the Hep C Connection, an advocacy group based in Colorado that provides resources for anyone with hepatitis C. Getting involved with the group made her realize that "there were people just like me that were all afflicted with the virus," she says. "Some were veterans, some were professional men and women, and some were doctors, nurses and, yes, drug addicts.”
“I know how people can judge those with hepatitis C, so what I found to be my greatest power was helping those in the same position as me,” Francis says. “It is similar to getting clean from drugs. You need to get in touch with those that are in the same position.”
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FactSet Reports Results for the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2015
ASV increased 8.9% organically to $1.02 billion
Adjusted EPS rose 13.6% to $1.42
Quarterly free cash flow was $98.5 million, up 7.8% over the prior year
NORWALK, Conn., June 16, 2015 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- FactSet Research Systems Inc. (NYSE:FDS) (Nasdaq:FDS), a leading provider of integrated global financial information and analytical applications to the investment community, today announced its results for the third quarter of fiscal 2015.
For the quarter ended May 31, 2015, revenues advanced to $254.5 million. Included in this total was $2.4 million from acquisitions completed since June 2014. Operating income was $85.4 million compared to $73.0 million in the year ago quarter. Net income was $61.4 million versus $51.5 million a year ago. Diluted earnings per share were $1.45 compared to $1.21 in the same period of fiscal 2014.
Adjusted operating income for the quarter increased 12.2% over the prior year. Adjusted operating income in the year ago third quarter excludes $3.0 million of pre-tax charges related to vesting of performance-based stock options and the settlement of a legal claim. Adjusted net income advanced 13.0% over the prior year and excludes income tax benefits of $1.4 million from finalizing prior years' tax returns and other discrete items. Adjusted net income in the year ago quarter excludes $0.6 million in income tax benefits from finalizing tax returns and after tax expense of $2.1 million from the vesting of performance-based stock options and the settlement of a legal claim.
Adjusted diluted EPS rose 13.6% to $1.42 and excludes income tax benefits of $0.03 per share from finalizing prior years' tax returns and other discrete items. Prior year adjusted diluted EPS of $1.25 excludes $0.01 in income tax benefits and $0.05 from the vesting of performance-based stock options and settlement of a legal claim.
A reconciliation between GAAP and adjusted financial measures is presented on page 9 of this press release.
(Condensed and Unaudited)
May 31,
(In thousands, except per share data) 2015 2014 Change
Revenues $254,522 $231,761 9.8%
Adjusted Operating income $85,356 $76,084 12.2%
Adjusted Net income $60,001 $53,095 13.0%
Adjusted Diluted earnings per share $1.42 $1.25 13.6%
Diluted weighted average shares 42,297 42,615
"FactSet continued its strong performance during the third quarter as each key operating metric experienced healthy growth," said Philip Hadley, Chairman and CEO. "Our ASV growth rate accelerated to 9%, our highest rate of growth in three years while our 14% EPS increase represented our 20th consecutive quarter of double-digit adjusted EPS growth. I am also excited for Phil Snow to become our next CEO on July 1st. He and the veteran FactSet management team are well positioned to lead the Company into our next phase of growth."
"Philip Hadley has led FactSet to new levels of growth and I look forward to the opportunity to lead as our next CEO," added Phil Snow, President. "Our proven business model is supported by an experienced leadership group and I'm excited to focus on executing our future growth strategies."
Annual Subscription Value ("ASV")
ASV was $1.021 billion at May 31, 2015, up 8.9% organically over the prior year. Excluding the effects of foreign currency and an acquisition, ASV increased $17.0 million over the last three months. ASV at any given point in time represents the forward-looking revenues for the next 12 months from all services currently being supplied to clients. Buy-side clients account for 82.8% of ASV and the remainder derives from sell-side firms that perform Mergers & Acquisitions ("M&A") advisory work, capital markets services and equity research. The buy-side and sell-side ASV growth rates were 8.5% and 10.9%, respectively. Supplementary tables covering buy-side and sell-side ASV growth rates are presented on page 10 of this press release.
Financial Highlights – Third Quarter of Fiscal 2015
ASV from U.S. operations was $688 million and $333 million was related to international operations.
U.S. revenues were $172.1 million. Excluding incremental revenue from acquisitions completed in the past 12 months, the U.S. growth rate was 8.6%.
Non-U.S. revenues rose to $82.4 million. Excluding the impact of foreign currency, the international growth rate was 10.5%.
Operating margin was 33.5% compared to an adjusted operating margin of 32.8% a year ago, which excludes $3.0 million from vesting performance-based stock options and settling a legal a claim.
The effective tax rate for the third quarter was 28.5%, as compared to 29.8% a year ago. Excluding income tax benefits from both periods, the current year annual effective tax rate was 30.1% compared to 30.5% in the prior period.
Quarterly free cash flow was $98.5 million, an increase of 7.8% over the prior year. Free cash flow in the last 12 months also grew by 7.8% and totaled $272.7 million.
Operational Highlights – Third Quarter of Fiscal 2015
Annual client retention was greater than 95% of ASV. When expressed as a percentage of clients, annual retention was 94%, up from 93% in the prior year third quarter.
Client count rose by 47 and totaled 2,915 at May 31, 2015.
Users of the FactSet workstation rose by 1,587 and totaled 58,995 professionals at May 31, 2015.
Employee count was 6,951 at May 31, 2015, up 9.1% over last year.
Capital expenditures were $3.6 million.
The regular quarterly dividend was increased 13% from $0.39 to $0.44 per share, beginning with the Company's dividend payment on June 16, 2015.
The Company repurchased 440,100 shares for $70.2 million during the quarter. At May 31, 2015, $212.7 million remained authorized for further repurchases.
Over the last 12 months, $317 million has been returned to stockholders in the form of share repurchases and dividends, funded entirely by cash generated from operations.
Common shares outstanding were 41.5 million at May 31, 2015.
The Company held its U.S. Symposium in March 2015, with industry professionals from 234 firms in attendance.
FactSet was ranked #48 on Fortune's "100 Best Companies to Work For," marking the Company's seventh appearance on the list in the last eight years.
FactSet was recently recognized as one of the UK's "Best Workplaces" by the Great Place to Work® Institute UK for the seventh consecutive year, listed in Crain's "Chicago's Best Places to Work" for the third year in a row and included in the "2015 Best Places to Work in France" list for the fourth consecutive year.
In May 2015, FactSet was named Best Research Provider at the annual Inside Market Data Awards and Inside Reference Data awards held in New York. FactSet was previously awarded Acquisition of the Year in 2014, Best Research Provider in 2012, and Best Analytics Provider in 2008, 2009 and 2011.
The following forward-looking statements reflect FactSet's expectations as of today's date. Given the number of risk factors, uncertainties and assumptions discussed below, actual results may differ materially. FactSet does not intend to update its forward-looking statements until its next quarterly results announcement, other than in publicly available statements.
Fourth Quarter Fiscal 2015 Expectations
Revenues are expected to range between $259 million and $263 million.
Operating margin is expected to range between 33.0% and 34.0%.
The annual effective tax rate is expected to range between 30.0% and 31.0%.
Diluted EPS should range between $1.46 and $1.48. The midpoint of this range represents 12% growth over the prior year.
The Company will host a conference call today, June 16, 2015 at 11:00 a.m. (Eastern Time) to review the third quarter fiscal 2015 earnings release. To listen, please visit the investor relations section of the Company's website at www.factset.com.
This news release contains forward-looking statements based on management's current expectations, estimates and projections. All statements that address expectations or projections about the future, including statements about the Company's strategy for growth, product development, market position, subscriptions, expected expenditures and financial results are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements may be identified by words like "expects," "anticipates," "plans," "intends," "projects," "should," "indicates," "continues," "subscriptions" and similar expressions. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Many factors, including those discussed more fully elsewhere in this release and in FactSet's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, particularly its latest annual report on Form 10-K and quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, as well as others, could cause results to differ materially from those stated. These factors include, but are not limited to: the current status of the global economy; the ability to integrate newly acquired companies and businesses; the stability of global securities markets; the ability to hire qualified personnel; the maintenance of the Company's leading technological position; the impact of global market trends on the Company's revenue growth rate and future results of operations; the negotiation of contract terms with corporate vendors, data suppliers and potential landlords; the retention of key clients; the successful resolution of ongoing audits by tax authorities; the continued employment of key personnel; the absence of U.S. or foreign governmental regulation restricting international business; and the sustainability of historical levels of profitability and growth rates in cash flow generation.
About Adjusted Financial Measures
Financial measures in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") including operating income, net income and diluted earnings per share have been adjusted. Adjusted operating income in the year ago quarter excludes a non-cash pre-tax charge of $1.4 million related to vesting performance-based options granted in connection with StreetAccount and $1.6 million of legal fees incurred primarily to settle a claim. Adjusted net income during the current year third quarter excludes $1.4 million in income tax benefits from finalizing prior years' tax returns and other discrete items. Prior year adjusted net income excludes the after-tax stock-based compensation charge of $1.0 million, after-tax legal fees of $1.1 million and $0.6 million in income tax benefits from finalizing tax returns. Fiscal 2015 third quarter adjusted diluted EPS of $1.42 excludes income tax benefits of $0.03 per share from finalizing prior years' tax returns and other discrete tax items. The year ago third quarter adjusted diluted EPS of $1.25 excludes $0.02 from stock-based compensation, $0.03 from legal fees and $0.01 in income tax benefits. FactSet uses these adjusted financial measures, both in presenting its results to stockholders and the investment community, and in its internal evaluation and management of the business. The Company believes that these adjusted financial measures and the information they provide are useful to investors because it permits investors to view the Company's performance using the same tools that management uses to gauge progress in achieving its goals. Investors may benefit from referring to these adjusted financial measures in assessing the Company's performance and when planning, forecasting and analyzing future periods and may also facilitate comparisons to its historical performance. The presentation of this financial information is not intended to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for the financial information prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP.
About Non-GAAP Free Cash Flow
The GAAP financial measure, cash flows provided by operating activities, has been adjusted to report non-GAAP free cash flow that includes the cash cost for taxes and changes in working capital, less capital expenditures. Included in the just completed third quarter was $102.1 million of net cash provided by operations and $3.6 million of capital expenditures. The presentation of free cash flow is not intended to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for the financial information prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP. FactSet uses this financial measure, both in presenting its results to stockholders and the investment community, and in the Company's internal evaluation and management of the business. Management believes that this financial measure is useful to investors because it permits investors to view the Company's performance using the same metric that management uses to gauge progress in achieving its goals and is an indication of cash flow that may be available to fund further investments in future growth initiatives.
FactSet, a leading provider of financial information and analytics, helps the world's best investment professionals outperform. More than 50,000 users stay ahead of global market trends, access extensive company and industry intelligence, and monitor performance with FactSet's desktop analytics, mobile applications, and comprehensive data feeds. The Company has been included in FORTUNE's Top 100 Best Companies to Work For, the United Kingdom's Great Places to Work and France's Best Workplaces. FactSet is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ (NYSE:FDS) (NASDAQ:FDS). Learn more at www.factset.com, and follow us on Twitter: www.twitter.com/factset.
Consolidated Statements of Income – Unaudited
May 31, Nine Months Ended
(In thousands, except per share data) 2015 2014 2015 2014
Revenues $254,522 $231,761 $744,990 $681,671
Cost of services 100,686 90,661 297,745 261,165
Selling, general and administrative 68,480 68,063 200,980 197,673
Total operating expenses 169,166 158,724 498,725 458,838
Operating income 85,356 73,037 246,265 222,833
Other income, net 482 334 1,445 1,018
Income before income taxes 85,838 73,371 247,710 223,851
Provision for income taxes 24,429 21,839 68,843 67,715
Net income $ 61,409 $ 51,532 $178,867 $156,136
Diluted earnings per common share $1.45 $1.21 $4.23 $3.62
Diluted weighted average common shares 42,297 42,615 42,317 43,170
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income – Unaudited
May 31 Nine Months Ended
(In thousands) 2015 2014 2015 2014
Net income $61,409 $51,532 $178,867 $156,136
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax
Net unrealized (loss) gain on cash flow hedges* (1,020) 2,341 (289) 5,625
Foreign currency translation adjustments (4,187) 545 (25,753) 12,199
Other comprehensive (loss) income (5,207) 2,886 (26,042) 17,824
Comprehensive income $56,202 $54,418 $152,825 $173,960
* For the three and nine months ended May 31, 2015, the unrealized loss on cash flow hedges were net of tax benefits of $606 and $172, respectively. The unrealized gain on cash flow hedges disclosed above for the three and nine months ended May 31, 2014, was net of tax expense of $1,391 and $3,352, respectively.
Consolidated Balance Sheets - Unaudited
May 31, August 31,
Cash and cash equivalents $ 157,895 $116,378
Investments 25,020 20,008
Accounts receivable, net of reserves 91,860 90,354
Prepaid taxes 12,190 6,532
Deferred taxes 1,770 1,841
Property, equipment, and leasehold improvements, net 54,458 57,641
Deferred taxes 16,531 22,377
TOTAL ASSETS $728,076 $663,212
Accounts payable and accrued expenses $ 31,445 $ 26,971
Accrued compensation 36,780 42,481
Deferred fees 44,323 36,504
Taxes payable 2,959 5,036
Deferred taxes 1,071 --
Dividends payable 18,274 16,299
Long-term debt 35,000 --
Deferred rent and other non-current liabilities 17,757 16,417
TOTAL LIABILITIES $195,701 $152,130
Common stock $501 $491
Treasury stock, at cost (910,210) (734,746)
Retained earnings 977,645 849,504
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (43,963) (17,921)
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY 532,375 511,082
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY $728,076 $663,212
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - Unaudited
(In thousands) Nine Months Ended
Net income $178,867 $156,136
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
Deferred income taxes 3,041 (2,038)
Gain on sale of assets (17) (62)
Tax benefits from share-based payment arrangements (23,926) (6,815)
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions
Accounts receivable, net of reserves (1,159) (9,001)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 5,973 (2,260)
Accrued compensation (5,496) (7,368)
Deferred fees 5,951 4,709
Taxes payable, net of prepaid taxes 16,213 20,777
Prepaid expenses and other assets 78 (1,931)
Deferred rent and other non-current liabilities 1,873 (1,241)
Other working capital accounts, net 103 (461)
Net cash provided by operating activities 222,842 193,722
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired (33,556) (46,873)
Purchases of investments (12,437) (7,818)
Proceeds from sales of investments 7,535 6,871
Purchases of property, equipment and leasehold improvements, net of proceeds from dispositions (15,391) (11,704)
Net cash used in investing activities (53,849) (59,524)
Dividend payments (48,404) (44,736)
Repurchase of common stock (177,556) (205,154)
Proceeds from debt 35,000 --
Debt issuance costs (32) --
Proceeds from employee stock plans 51,852 26,799
Tax benefits from share-based payment arrangements 23,926 6,815
Net cash used in financing activities (115,214) (216,276)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents (12,262) 4,309
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 41,517 (77,769)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 116,378 196,627
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $157,895 $118,858
Reconciliation of GAAP to Adjusted Financial Measures
Financial measures in accordance with U.S. GAAP including operating income, net income and diluted earnings per share have been adjusted below. FactSet uses these adjusted financial measures, both in presenting its results to stockholders and the investment community, and in its internal evaluation and management of the business. The Company believes that these adjusted financial measures and the information they provide are useful to investors because it permits investors to view the Company's performance using the same tools that management uses to gauge progress in achieving its goals. Adjusted measures may also facilitate comparisons to FactSet's historical performance.
(Unaudited) Three Months Ended
GAAP Operating income $85,356 $73,037
Vesting performance-based stock options (a) -- 1,415
Legal charge primarily from settling a claim (b) -- 1,632
GAAP Net income $61,409 $51,532
Vesting performance-based stock options (a)(c) -- 983
Legal charge primarily from settling a claim (b)(c) -- 1,134
Income tax benefits (d) (1,408) (554)
Adjusted Diluted earnings per common share $1.42 $1.25 13.6%
Weighted average common shares (Diluted) 42,297 42,615
(a) GAAP operating income in the third quarter of fiscal 2014 was adjusted to exclude a non-cash pre-tax charge of $1.4 million for stock-based compensation. The vesting of performance-based stock options increased stock-based compensation, net of tax, by $1.0 million and reduced diluted earnings per share by $0.02.
(b) GAAP operating income in the third quarter of fiscal 2014 was adjusted to exclude a $1.6 million pre-tax legal charge primarily from settling a claim. The legal charge increased expenses by $1.1 million, net of tax, and reduced diluted earnings per share by $0.03.
(c) For the purposes of calculating adjusted net income and adjusted diluted earnings per share, the pre-tax stock-based compensation charge of $1.4 million and the legal charge of $1.6 million were taxed at the year ago annual effective tax rate of 30.5%.
(d) Current year GAAP net income was adjusted to exclude $1.4 million of income tax benefits related to finalizing prior years' tax returns and other discrete items. GAAP diluted EPS was adjusted to exclude $0.03 from these same income tax benefits. GAAP net income in the year ago third quarter was adjusted to exclude $0.6 million of income tax benefits related to finalizing tax returns while GAAP diluted EPS was adjusted to exclude $0.01 from these same income tax benefits.
Supplementary Schedules of Historical ASV by Client Type
The following table presents the percentages and growth rates of ASV by client type, excluding currency, and can be useful to facilitate historical comparisons.
Q3'15 Q2'15 Q1'15 Q4'14 Q3'14 Q2'14 Q1'14 Q4'13
% of ASV from buy-side clients 82.8% 82.8% 82.5% 82.6% 83.1% 82.7% 82.2% 81.6%
% of ASV from sell-side clients 17.2% 17.2% 17.5% 17.4% 16.9% 17.3% 17.8% 18.4%
ASV Growth rate from buy-side clients 8.5% 8.7% 8.9% 8.5% 8.0% 6.4% 6.2% 6.4%
ASV Growth rate from sell-side clients 10.9% 7.9% 6.7% 1.6% 0.0% (0.5%) (2.7%) 0.7%
ASV Growth rate from all clients 8.9% 8.5% 8.5% 7.3% 6.8% 5.5% 5.0% 5.9%
The following table presents the calculation of the above-mentioned growth rates by client type for the third quarter of fiscal 2015.
(In thousands) May 31, Q3 2015
2015 2014 ASV Growth Rate
As reported ASV $ 1,021.2 $ 932.5
Less acquired ASV (a) (9.7) --
Currency impact (b) 4.1 --
Organic ASV total $ 1,015.6 $ 932.5 8.9%
Buy-side $ 840.9 $ 774.9 8.5%
Sell-side $ 174.7 $ 157.6 10.9%
(a) Acquired ASV from acquisitions completed in the last 12 months.
(b) The negative impact from foreign currency movements over the past 12 months was added back in order to calculate total organic ASV. The foreign currency effect was primarily from ASV billed in Japanese Yen, which was negatively impacted by a decline in the Japanese Yen vs. the U.S. dollar.
Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Financial measures in accordance with U.S. GAAP including operating income, net income and diluted earnings per share have been adjusted below.
Three Months Ended May 31, 2015
Income Tax Benefits (b)
Adjusted YoY
% Change Stock-Based
Compensation Amortization of
Non-GAAP
Operating Income $ 85,356 -- $ 85,356 12.2% $ 6,075 $ 2,284 $ 93,715
Net Income (a) $ 61,409 $ (1,408) $ 60,001 13.0% $ 4,246 $ 1,597 $ 65,844
Diluted EPS $ 1.45 $ (0.03) $ 1.42 13.6% $ 0.10 $ 0.04 $ 1.56
Weighted Average Shares 42,297 42,297 42,297
(a) For the purposes of calculating non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP diluted EPS, stock-based compensation expense and the amortization of intangible assets were taxed at the current year annual effective tax rate of 30.1%.
(b) GAAP net income was adjusted to exclude $1.4 million of income tax benefits related to finalizing prior years' tax returns and other discrete items. GAAP diluted EPS was adjusted to exclude $0.03 from these same income tax benefits.
Rachel Stern
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Chapter 1 Danielle
Danielle looked at her watch and gasped. Uh-oh! Owen would never forgive her this time. Once in a week was understandable. Twice, forgivable—since she was the agency owner and had certain responsibilities—but three times…no way.
In quick succession, she shut down her computer, put her dirty coffee cup into the sink in the tiny office kitchen and shrugged into her coat. After checking the rear door was locked, she primed the alarm, turned off the lights and stepped outside onto the wet pavement. If she drove fast, she would make it home in less than ten minutes.
Her brain worked overtime as she went through various excuses: flat battery, a pedantic last-minute customer, lost her car keys. It was no use; she had used them all over the previous six months. Owen wasn’t going to believe one word. She sighed.
She knew it wasn’t completely her fault. She was an organised person. It was just that things had taken off that year, and more business meant more work. Sure, four months ago she had taken on Jane as a full-time member of staff, and her part-timer, Bryony, had increased her own hours, but sometimes there was far more work than they could manage in a ten-hour, let alone eight-hour, day.
That night was meant to have been special. Owen was celebrating his fortieth birthday. He had been quite adamant. ‘No big noisy party, thank you. Being forty is bad enough without having it rubbed in,’ he had complained. So, Danielle had booked an intimate dinner for two in his favourite restaurant, and she was treating them to the best seats at a London theatre the following evening. The trip to the show was a secret; all Owen knew was that he was being taken to see something he had always wanted to see. He would love it.
Danielle edged her car onto the main road and groaned. The entire high street was blocked with traffic. Through her steamed-up windows she heard the wail of an ambulance in the distance and guessed the obstruction was the result of an accident. She nosed the car into the queue of vehicles and while she waited, searched in her bag for her phone. Owen just had to believe her this time.
“Darling, I’m home. You’ll never believe the carnage in the high street. Four cars were involved in the pile-up. It took two fire engines to free the passengers. Owen? Are you there?” She threw her car keys down on the hall table, noticing Owen’s front-door keys lying there, and she wondered where he had got to. She removed her damp coat and hung it over the bannister, shaking raindrops from her long dark hair. With a small sigh of pleasure, she eased off her high heels and then walked in stockinged feet to the living room. All the lights were on, but there was no sign of her fiancé.
Surprised, she peeked into the kitchen and dining room, which doubled as a study, and finding them both empty, ran upstairs. Maybe Owen was in the shower and hadn’t heard her get in. When she reached the threshold of her bedroom, she paused. The doors to the fitted wardrobes were open, as were the drawers Owen used for his t-shirts and underwear. An odd sock lay on the carpet, and the bedside locker on his side of the king-size bed was bare. Danielle felt her blood run cold as she headed towards the chest of drawers.
They were completely empty. She whirled away and rushed over to the tall wardrobes and flung the doors wide. A row of empty coat hangers swung above her head, silently mocking her as they rocked and tinkled against each other. Gone, gone, gone! The thought ran through her head. He’s gone!
Danielle felt her legs go weak and, trembling, edged her way over to the bed. Their bed. She couldn’t believe it. Where had he gone and why? A lone tear trickled down her cheek, and in irritation, she brushed it away as she laid her head on her pillow.
She knew she had become something of a workaholic during the previous months and out of necessity spent more than usual work hours at the travel agency. But her business was her baby, and she was proud of how she had built it up from practically nothing after buying it at a peppercorn price.
Eighteen months earlier, Ruth, the then owner of Wanderlust Travel, had met the man of her dreams. Rich and recently widowed, ‘Silver’ entered her life when he booked a three-month cruise. Over the following few weeks, Ruth and Silver spent a lot of time together, heads down while they explored timetables and travel books, discussing the trip and further destinations. Danielle wasn’t completely surprised when Ruth announced one foul, wet morning that Silver had asked her to become the third Mrs Silver Fox. Chatting excitedly about her engagement, she paused long enough to offer Danielle Collingdale the opportunity to buy the agency, and she jumped at the chance.
It seemed Danielle was to pay the price for working hard. Once again, she was alone.
She lay on the bed thinking about what had gone wrong and how she could have prevented Owen leaving. Of course, they had the usual arguments from time to time, but then who didn’t? It was all part of two people living together. Owen had said time and time again that he understood how she felt about building up the business, even encouraging and praising her over the previous weeks.
Danielle recalled when, three months earlier, she had gone home and in dizzy excitement told him how much the turnover had increased. It was he who insisted they open a bottle of fizz. But not champagne; she didn’t think they should be spending too much of her money just yet, she insisted.
They drank the proscecco, the bubbles gently tickling her nose, and she remembered how they laughed and danced a silly little jig in her living room, ending up in a smooch and making love on the floor. She had never felt so cherished and desired as she had then. How little she had known him. She remembered that night’s dinner reservation…she had to find the energy to telephone the restaurant and cancel.
She stretched out an arm and pulled his pillow to her face, breathing in his familiar man smell. Oh Owen, what went wrong? She felt more tears prickle behind her lashes, and within seconds, she gave in to heartfelt sobs.
Exhausted by her crying, Danielle eventually fell into a deep sleep. She awoke hours later, stiff and cold; the pillow she clutched was damp against her cheek and a weak, rain-streaked morning light was creeping through a chink in the curtains. She sat up, throwing the sodden thing to the floor, suddenly hating the thought of Owen invading her thoughts and space. On impulse, she sprang from the bed and in minutes, had stripped it of linen and threw the whole lot into the washing machine.
That night she would sleep in fresh bedding. She didn’t want to lie in a bed which still bore the tell-tale scent of that rat, Owen, next to her. What sort of man left without saying a word? Worm, more like, and she was made of stronger stuff.
After remaking the bed, she strode from the bedroom into the kitchen and made herself a cup of tea. She couldn’t face food. She walked over to the rain-slicked window and gazed at the road. The heavy downpour overnight had eased to a fine drizzle, and a few gaps had appeared in the dark clouds.
She turned away from the dank morning and walked through to the living room. She realised Owen hadn’t taken all his belongings. He had left a magazine or two here and there, a spine-broken paperback, a bottle of expensive aftershave she had bought him and photographs of their last holiday in Crete together. As she gathered everything together into an empty cardboard box, she realised the items were things which obviously meant nothing to him. She felt like setting fire to the box and its contents but couldn’t quite bring herself to do so. Instead, she pushed them into the deepest and darkest corner of the cupboard under the stairs. She would get rid of it all later.
She still couldn’t believe Owen had left. When she first met him, she believed him to be honest and loving, and learnt to trust him almost immediately. For the first time, she thought he was the one. Curses! Now here she was in her mid-thirties, single and alone again. Love was a bugger!
And not just alone without a boyfriend; Danielle was completely alone in the world. She had no family and few real friends. Friends had come and gone—Owen hadn’t liked many of them. The nearest she had to a friend now was Bryony from the agency. Bryony would be very sympathetic, but her other assistant, Jane, had only been with her four months, and she was a bit of a cold fish.
She glanced at the clock and saw it was still early. She suddenly realised she didn’t need to think about Owen and his feelings any longer and decided to go to work and clear some of the backlog on her desk. One good thing had come out of it: her time was now all her own. Time for a shower, and then she would walk into town.
Danielle stood naked in front of the bathroom mirror and leaned forward. She caught sight of one or two grey hairs in her long dark hair and a tiny sprinkle of fine lines in the corner of her eyes if she looked really closely. She turned sideways. Her bottom was small and firm, her tummy fairly flat—could have been flatter, but she was a woman. Her breasts were average-sized and hadn’t yet drooped. She didn’t think she looked bad for her age. Okay, so her dark-blue eyes were still a tad red and puffy from crying, but a brisk walk in the fresh air would soon cure that.
Because it was Saturday, the agency was only open for business in the morning. Danielle spent a good hour sorting out paperwork before she heard the front door open and glancing up, saw Bryony.
Fresh air followed her friend in, accompanied by a few damp leaves, which blew in from the street.
“Morning. You’re in early. Owen thrown you out of bed then?” she asked with a smile. “Would you like coffee now or later? It’s a bit parky out there.”
“I have a lot to do and coffee now, please—the kettle’s just boiled.”
Danielle bit her lip, lowering her gaze back to her computer. She didn’t notice Bryony’s inquisitive stare at the lack of her usual eye make-up and lipstick. She carried on with her task, listening to Bryony’s movements in the kitchen out the back.
“Jane’s late,” Bryony observed as she handed a steaming mug of coffee to her. “She does know you’re leaving early this morning, doesn’t she? By the way, I bought us a doughnut each as a treat today. I’ll just get them.”
Danielle started. She had forgotten she and Owen were supposed to be going up to London before lunchtime. Lunch, a walk round town and then on to the theatre. She decided to enlighten Bryony then and there and get it over with. As soon as Bryony returned and sat down, Danielle told her.
“Well, I’m flabbergasted. I’m so sorry, and I feel dreadful now after making that stupid remark when I came in. If I’d known…” Bryony looked distressed.
“What remark? Oh, that. Don’t worry, you weren’t to know. Anyway, I’m okay really. It just takes a bit of getting used to. I never thought I’d be free and available again, but I’m not going to let it get me down. Men are not worth it.” Even if Danielle didn’t have much confidence in her own words, she was determined to have a damn good try.
Bryony gave her a reassuring smile. “Well, if there’s anything I can do, please just ask. I haven’t got much on this weekend. Are you sure you don’t want your doughnut? It’s a shame to waste it.”
“That’s good, as I’ve got a couple of theatre tickets going begging. They’re yours, and no, I don’t want anything for them. My…” she pulled a cynical face, “my treat.” They chatted for a few more minutes while they drank their coffee, skirting the subject of Owen, and Bryony tucked in to her jammy bun. After she had finished, she studied the clock on the wall.
“You know, I believe Jane’s forgotten she was supposed to be here this morning. Shall I ring her and find out what’s keeping her?”
Danielle shrugged, not caring one way or the other. “If you like, but she’s not needed at the moment, as it’s quiet.”
“Yeah, but she’s got to clear that load of this week’s files on her desk. I don’t see why we should do it all. I’ll just give her a quick call at home. Get the lazy cow out of bed.”
Danielle raised her eyebrows. She had guessed earlier that Bryony didn’t much care for Jane. She cleared away the empty cups in the kitchen while Bryony made the phone call. When Danielle re-entered the shop, carrying a pile of cruise brochures, Bryony replaced the receiver and looked down at her desk with an odd expression on her face.
“So what’s her excuse?” Danielle asked as she restocked the shelves along the wall with the glossy catalogues. When Bryony didn’t answer she turned to face her. “Well?”
Bryony’s face turned pale, and she raised a hand to her mouth. “Um, I think you’d better sit down.”
Danielle ignored Bryony’s warning and remained standing, a handful of brochures still in her hands. “Why? Is Jane okay? She’s not ill is she?” She felt herself go cold all over. “Oh no! There was a nasty accident in the high street last night. She wasn’t involved was she?”
Bryony shook her head.
“I don’t know how to say this. I rang her mobile, and it was unobtainable, so I tried her home number, which is her mum’s house, apparently. Only Jane wasn’t there because she moved out this week. She and her boyfriend have bought a new flat together, so her mother told me.” Bryony flushed bright red.
“Really? She never mentioned any of this to me. Had she forgotten she’s meant to be working?”
Bryony shook her head. “I never got that far. Danielle, I think you should know who her…her boyfriend is.”
It was Danielle’s turn to gasp before blanching. Unnoticed, the brochures slipped from her fingers. “Owen and Jane! Bought a flat…but he doesn’t have any money,” she said without thinking.
Danielle was relieved she had left her car at home that morning. A brisk half-hour walk back home would help blow away the cobwebs. After Bryony’s bombshell, work was the last thing she wanted to do. She made a snap decision and had given her friend the rest of the morning off and left the agency soon after. The strong gusts buffeted her along the road, but she enjoyed the stinging wind against her face. It helped wake her up and lose some of the lethargy which threatened to envelop her.
As she turned the corner, she caught sight of her little house, and a familiar warm feeling crept through her. Thank goodness she owned the property and Owen had never paid a penny towards the mortgage. He might have taken away her pride for the time being, but he couldn’t take her house.
She recalled him mentioning getting something bigger and more suitable once they were married, but when she dug her heels in and refused to think about increasing her mortgage, they had quarrelled. Perhaps things hadn’t been the same between them ever since that day. Come to think of it, Owen had rarely put his hand in his pocket for anything much. He always seemed to be owed money elsewhere or had already spent his monthly income.
Anyway, the little Victorian house belonged to her and no one else. Danielle reached the front door and let herself in, picking up a couple of letters which were lying on the mat in front of the door. She glanced at the envelopes; they both looked like bills. Hardly what you could call exciting post. She would open them later.
Chapter 3 Dominic
Dominic stood at the helm of the forty-four-foot-long racing yacht. Although the day’s sail was supposed to be a social cruise and not a competition with medals at stake, two boats made a race! He glanced up at the mainsail and then the huge multi-coloured spinnaker billowing out in front. The light headsail was of a new cross-cut design and was proving to be unbeatable on downwind legs. A rogue wave rose on the aft starboard quarter and dumped a few gallons of seawater overboard. Dominic grinned at his younger brother, Christian, who yelped in surprise at his soaking.
“You might have warned me,” he complained with a wide smile. His white teeth contrasted with the Caribbean tan he had picked up the previous couple of weeks spent in Antigua.
Dominic just laughed and turned the wheel slightly as the wind changed. The yacht slammed into a trough and then rose like a cork as she climbed the face of the next wave before it curled and crested over.
“Tide’s on the change. The sky’s looking ominous,” he said, indicating the dark clouds gathering overhead.
Christian followed his gaze. “Just as well we’ve finished. Still want to visit Cowes for a drink or shall we head straight home? “
Dominic pushed back the sleeve on his water-proof jacket and glanced down at his watch. “How about a quick one? We can go alongside Minerva and invite Ross and his crew on board and then head back in to our berth. It’ll only add another couple of hours to get across to Hamble. It would be a shame to miss seeing him.”
“Fine by me, only I really don’t want to be late tonight. I’ve got an early-morning conference call booked tomorrow, which I don’t want to miss. There’s a lot at stake.”
“Course not. It’s not every day a multi-million-pound deal lands in your lap. One way or another, you’re certainly the golden boy of the moment, Christian, and lapping up every moment of it.”
Christian pulled a face and threw a playful punch at his brother’s shoulder. “You’re just jealous. Nobody voted for you. You’re old and past it, big bro!” he jeered.
“No way! At least I still get to call my time my own. I’m not quite as wedded to the business as you are. As for being old, I can still knock spots off you downhill on skis or when it comes to running a marathon.” Dominic adjusted course while he spoke, never taking his eyes from the scene before him.
They were having one of their usual light-hearted exchanges. Although Christian was the younger of the two Douglas brothers, it was he who was the entrepreneur of the family. At school, Christian had sailed through examinations and left Southampton University with a first-class honours degree in ship science mechanical engineering. It hadn’t taken him long to decide what he wanted out of life: be a successful businessman and make a lot of money. Christian’s main love was sailing, and it seemed right that he should progress into yacht architecture and design. At thirty-six he was one of the youngest and most sought-after yacht designers in the world. It helped that the boys’ father was a wealthy man during his lifetime and left both brothers a substantial amount of money when he died. Christian invested wisely. He bought into a struggling yacht-building company, which needed capital and yacht-design expertise. Within two years, he had a majority holding, and a further three years saw him as overall owner of Platinum Yachts.
Christian’s life hadn’t all been easy. He had spent so many years dedicating himself to study, designing and building up the business that he had let his personal life slide. He had never had a truly long-lasting relationship with the woman of his dreams—or indeed any woman—and at times he felt he was surrounded by nothing but empty space. His lifestyle was brought home to him only a few days earlier, when he was voted onto the most eligible-bachelor-in-Britain list, much to Dominic’s wicked sense of humour. He hadn’t stopped ragging his ‘baby’ brother since.
Dominic, on the other hand, prided on being his own man. Not as clever academically as his younger sibling, Dominic left school with five GCSEs, all above grade D, and two A-levels in English and Maths. These were all the requirements he needed to get into Royal Naval Officer Training at the Britannia Royal Naval College in Dartmouth. Dominic proved to be an exemplary sailor, with a love of sailing and most outdoor activities. After spending sixteen years as a naval officer, he decided he wanted more freedom, make his own choices. He knew the only solution was to leave the Navy and find outside employment before he became too institutionalised.
He left the senior service and joined Christian at Platinum Yachts—initially as a temporary measure until he felt certain which path was the right one for him. He wasn’t anything like his brother when it came to pushing work to the limit, although he was by no means idle. Dominic’s attitude was more relaxed. He enjoyed working with Christian and appreciated his brother giving him free rein when it came to fitting out, selling and delivering the new yachts. Christian was the architect and owner of the company. Dominic was more of a hands-on manager.
The transitory arrangement worked well, and Dominic was glad. They had always been close. The agreement allowed him time to think about what he really wanted out of life and what his next step should be.
As the yacht neared the Cowes entrance, Christian’s mobile vibrated in his pocket. He looked at the display and called out to Dominic that the caller was their friend, Ross. Both men looked across the water and saw Minerva was already bearing away and heading for her berth up the Medina River on the Isle of Wight. Christian answered the call, and Dominic strained over the rising sound of the wind to hear what he had to say. After Christian had replaced the phone in his pocket, Dominic yelled to him.
“Ross says they’ve developed a problem with their rudder and need to get in before the weather turns. They can manage the boat, but he wants someone to take a look as soon as they’re tied up. He says he’ll catch up with us in the week.”
Dominic grunted and switched his attention back to the sea. The waves were getting bigger and the sea more choppy as the wind rose. He saw that the anemometer showed twenty-seven knots of wind. It had shot up, but it was often the way in the Solent. The tides ran fiercely around the north of the island, and conditions often changed in a matter of minutes.
“It’s just as well…the weather’s turning. Perhaps I should have headed for home earlier. Time to get the headsail down. We don’t want to tear it. Can you get Rob back up here? And I think we should get our life jackets on, pronto. It’s only going to get worse.”
He referred to the third member of the crew, who had been below for twenty minutes. Ever since they had left Yarmouth, Rob had been stricken with a stomach upset and had confined himself to the heads.
A wave hit the bow, and spray flew high and wide as Christian went forward to loosen a rope which had wound itself round a midship cleat. Meanwhile, a pale-faced Rob dealt with the other two sheets holding the headsail in position. As Dominic turned the yacht’s wheel, the sail lost the wind, and Rob began lowering the collapsed canvas. The bag which contained the sail was strapped down on the forward deck, and Christian eased it along the side deck ready for bagging.
“I don’t think we’ve time to do that. Christian, secure the sail to the guardrails. We can bag it when we get in,” Dominic yelled.
His brother turned and shouted back, “It’s fine, it won’t take a minute.” He got down on all fours and began pushing the sodden nylon sail into its bag.
Irritated, Dominic turned to Rob. “Go and give my stubborn brother a hand, will you. Four hands will be quicker than two.”
Although the weather was deteriorating, all three men had been out in far worse. Dominic looked at the wind gauge. It showed thirty-two knots of wind—a near gale—and it had reached its strength in under an hour. Things were going to get very bumpy as they approached Brambles Sandbank, an arrowhead-shaped sandbar in the central Solent, famous for its twice-yearly cricket match at very low tides.
Knowing the sandbank had slowly moved westward over the years, Dominic made sure they kept well clear of the West Knoll buoy. The whole area was a significant navigational hazard, and he didn’t want their yacht to run aground like the Cunard liner, Queen Elizabeth 2, had in November 2008, on her last visit prior to retirement. There must have been some red faces on the bridge that early morning when she required four tugs to pull her clear on the rising tide.
Dominic adjusted their course slightly to port and kept one eye on their progress and the other on Christian and Rob’s efforts on the foredeck. He noted that Christian was right. They had stuffed the sail in the bag and were now dragging it back towards the stern, ready for stowage.
“Well done,” he said, after they had dropped it in the aft locker.
“Want me to take over at the helm, or shall I put the kettle on?” Christian asked, as he stood up and slicked his salty wet hair back from his face.
“I’m fine here. Go and get dry. A cuppa sounds great.”
Christian crossed the aft deck and climbed into the cockpit. As he moved towards the companionway which led down into the saloon below, Rob followed suit.
A sudden change in noise alerted Dominic, who turned his head and watched as a monstrous wave gathered speed and came hurtling towards the side of the yacht.
“Watch out!” he yelled as it crashed into them. He spun the wheel towards the wave, as he didn’t want the crushing weight of water broaching or capsizing the yacht.
Rob twisted round and yelped in fright while hastily clipping his lifeline onto a safety ring at the same time. Christian made a grab for the handrail as the force of water hit the boat, missed his hold and fell headfirst down the ladder.
“Jesus! Christian!” gasped Rob. Dominic battled to bring the yacht back on course.
Rob climbed down after Christian, leaving Dominic alone on deck. He looked around him, checking there were no other shocks about to rain down on them. The sky had turned an extraordinary shade of pewter grey, with streaks of yellow protruding from behind thick clouds. The sea state looked confused and turbulent. It was impossible to determine which way the tide was running. He couldn’t remember ever seeing it like that in the Solent.
Rob’s scared face appeared at the top of the companionway ladder. “Dom. It’s Christian. He’s out cold. He hit his head, there’s blood everywhere and—”
Dominic cursed. “You know where the first-aid box is. Can you get it and then come up here and take over the helm?”
Rob nodded. “Yeah, of course, but there’s something else. He’s broken his leg.”
Chapter 4 Christian
It was nearly three months before Christian fully regained consciousness. Dominic filled him in on everything he deemed his younger brother would have considered important. Christian felt numb with loss. He had been away from his business and everything that mattered to him for over two months!
Dominic regarded his brother with a calm face as he listened to him complaining that Platinum Yachts would need constant attention to get it back to what it was three months earlier.
“Calm down, Christian. We haven’t actually lost the deal you were working on before your accident. Certainly not to another company, anyway. The customer has put everything on hold for six months to raise more share capital. If and when you’re well enough, you can restart talks with them in the autumn.”
“Sorry. But you’ve no idea how shitty I feel. To wake up and find that you’ve lost nearly three months of your life and that your business is in jeopardy…to say nothing of how lousy I feel. Look at the state of me.” He held up his arms for inspection and sighed. “Skin and bone, and as for my legs, my muscles are non-existent!”
Dominic laughed. “Stop being a wimp, baby brother. As I’ve explained, the company’s fine, and once you start exercising, you’ll soon get your muscle tone back. Working out a strict routine for you will be a doddle.” He pulled a fierce face and then sat back in his visitor’s chair, grinning at his brother’s expression.
Christian considered Dominic’s words and looked contrite. “You’re right, of course. Sorry. It’s just the shock. I’m still getting to grips with what happened. It’s not every day you wake up and be told you’ve suffered a compound fracture to one leg and twisted your pelvis. Then, adding salt to the wound—no pun intended before you snigger—that I’ve damaged my right kidney and lost nearly three months of my life. It’s bloody unbelievable. All I can remember is you shouting on the boat and me grabbing the rail but missing it when the wave hit the side. After that, it’s all a blank, except for a few fuzzy odd moments, until I woke up properly in here.”
“At least you know you can walk, even if you do need a stick. The physiotherapist said there’s no reason why you can’t get rid of that in a few weeks.”
Christian nodded but said nothing. He hadn’t told Dominic about the extreme discomfort in his back or about the excruciating pains in his pelvis every time he put pressure on his leg. Thank heaven for the painkillers. His surgeon explained that some of it was normal and expected after such a nasty fracture and that the pain would ease with time and gentle exercise.
“Don’t get me wrong, Dom,” he said. “I’m very grateful for everything you’ve done while I’ve been laid up in here. You’re the best of brothers. And these last few days, after everything’s finally sunk in, I realise how thankful I am to be alive. I could have died if it hadn’t been for your quick thinking.”
He was referring to Dominic’s snap decision to call out the air-sea rescue services. Once Dominic handed the wheel of the yacht over to Rob and examined his brother’s injuries, he knew they wouldn’t be able to save his life. Apart from being unconscious, Christian had blood oozing from one ear and a visible head wound. Plus, his right leg was very obviously broken. Within minutes of the accident, Dominic had organised a helicopter to pluck Christian from the yacht and fly him safely and swiftly to Southampton hospital.
Dominic looked embarrassed and glanced at his watch. In a gruff voice, he said, “That’s what families are for, and you and I are all that’s left now Mum and Dad have gone. I have to get going now, as I’ve a few things to do. I’ll have a quick word with the sister on my way out and see if she has any news about your discharge. The sooner you get home and back to your normal surroundings the better, even if you don’t get back to work right away. I’ll call in tomorrow and bring you some clean pyjamas.”
Five days later, Christian was discharged, and as he sat on the side of his bed, waiting for Dominic to pick him up, he was in two minds. He wanted desperately to get out of the place, even if it was the best private hospital in the area. The care and attention had been wonderful, but there was no place quite like home.
On the other hand, the thought of being on his own and managing everyday things made him panicky. What if he couldn’t cope? Christian had never married, neither was there anyone special in his life. His last girlfriend had been more casual than serious, and she hadn’t even called in to see him. He shrugged. It was ironic really. Even though Dominic had joked about Christian being a highly eligible bachelor, there wasn’t one female around for whom he really cared.
He stood up and using his stick, walked over to the window. The view was pleasant; the room overlooked the hospital gardens, and he took pleasure in watching a line of young trees sway in the light breeze that morning. Spring was definitely on the way, judging by the clumps of daffodils and the odd brightly coloured tulip in the flower beds.
He switched his thoughts back to his company. Despite what he and Dominic had discussed earlier, Christian wasn’t ready to get back to work full-time. In his absence, Dominic had run the company exactly as he would have wanted. He hadn’t changed anything, and apart from the delayed multi-million-pound deal, they had kept every ongoing contract. The business future was looking rosy.
But Christian felt unsettled. Since gaining consciousness, he had undergone a strange shift in outlook. He bore this desperate urge to live, not immerse himself in business. He realised there was a lot missing in his life, and he wanted to make changes, alter his attitude, even if his recovery took time. Although his bones had knitted together, he still felt pain in his back and head. Time was a great healer, they said. Christian determined he would take advantage and use his time more wisely. He was young, rich and successful, but how many opportunities had he missed? Which friends had he ignored over the years as he climbed that ladder to victory? Apart from Dominic, he knew few people he could trust. He had lost so much, all in the name of his career.
A sense of relief washed over him as he leaned on his stick and stood gazing at the peaceful garden. He still had plenty of time to make those changes. Thank God he had realised in time just how fragile and precious life really was.
Everything felt strange to Christian as he stared from the car window. He could remember the route from the hospital to the village of Hamble where he lived and the cobbled street leading down to the river’s edge, which Dominic insisted on taking, although they could have taken a more direct way.
“You’ll want to see the river and the moored boats,” Dominic had said, his eyes full of laughter. “I know you’ve missed the scene.” They drove slowly past familiar pubs and restaurants and finally stopped outside Christian’s much-loved white-washed cottage overlooking the neat village green. “Welcome home.”
Christian got out of the car and limped up the path to the front door, while Dominic fetched his case from the car boot. Christian fingered the key in his pocket as he stood on the step. After taking a deep breath, he fitted the key into the lock on his front door and opened the door wide. A familiar smell blasted him, and he hesitated as a small tremor passed through him. He was home.
“So, now that you’re finally home, how about we go out for a meal tonight? The Bugle’s got a new menu, as well as some of our favourites.”
Christian took another measured look round his house before shaking his head. “Don’t think I’m ungrateful, but I’m feeling tired, and you know what? I’d rather just spend the night in. I planned on taking a nice long soak in the tub and having an early night.”
Dominic grinned. “There’s nothing like your own bed, is there? That’s fine by me. I rather thought you’d find everything tiring after being cooped up indoors for all but three months. Listen, your freezer’s stacked up with lots of grub you’re fond of…plenty of ready-made meals if you don’t feel like preparing anything, and you’ve already seen what I’ve put in your fridge.”
“I know…I won’t starve. You’ll make someone a good wife one day, Dom,” Christian said with a laugh. “Thanks for everything you’ve done for me, and I meant what I said in the car earlier.”
Dominic instantly sobered. “It’s a very generous offer. Don’t think I’m not grateful, but I’m not sure I deserve it.”
Christian interrupted his brother with a wave of his hand. “Rubbish. I should have done it ages ago, when you first joined me in the business. I can’t think why I didn’t…probably because you didn’t know your own mind after you left the Navy. Anyway, full partnership from now on, bro.” He held out his hand to cement the offer, and Dominic stepped forward.
Without answering, Christian ignored his outstretched arm. He pulled him close and gave him a big hug. “I’m so glad you’re okay,” he muttered over his shoulder, then as if embarrassed by his action stepped back. “I’ll see you tomorrow, then. Seven all right with you? I’ll bring Max, if you don’t mind. I’m sure he’s been pining to see you. Can’t think why!”
“Good idea, we can take him for a walk along the river.”
After Dominic had gone, Christian took another slow wander round his house, touching things he had missed, sitting in his favourite chair and drinking from his favourite mug. He knew he had to lay off booze, at least until he was off his painkillers. Once he felt fit and well again, he would open up his house and throw a huge party. Well, a party anyway; he had no idea how many people would attend, as he had lost touch with so many.
Christian wandered upstairs to unpack his suitcase. As he emptied his toilet bag and put his toothbrush away, he was suddenly gripped by a violent pain in his leg. He gasped and grabbed hold of the washbasin for support. The pain went as soon as it had struck, much to his relief, and he resumed his unpacking. The attack startled him somewhat. Although Christian regularly felt an ache around the site of the break in his right leg, the stabbing pain was more in the region of the knee joint. It was the first time he had experienced anything like it. Hopefully, it was a one-off; he certainly wouldn’t want a repetition.
The rest of the day passed peacefully. He experienced no more excruciating leg pain and found he was enjoying just pottering around the place. He defrosted a portion of a lamb rogan josh and cooked some rice. Then, after a long deep bath, fell into bed. For the first time since regaining consciousness, he slept like a baby.
God, but it was good to be home.
The following morning dawned fresh and beautiful. As soon as the sun crept over the windowsill in his bedroom, Christian opened his eyes, and he lay relaxed and daydreaming beneath the duvet. Lying in bed doing nothing was a luxury he rarely allowed himself. It came as a bit of a bombshell, knowing that, as he planned on taking at least a few more weeks off before returning to work, it was something he could afford to do every day.
He laughed and threw back the covers. He might not have been working for the immediate future, but he sure wasn’t going to waste time. There was a beautiful world out there waiting to be discovered and enjoyed.
After washing and dressing in a pair of dark-blue jeans and polo shirt, he grabbed a jacket from the wardrobe and decided to take a stroll into the village. He left his house and headed down the hill towards the river and felt the springtime sun caress his face and bare hands, warming his back and shoulders. If it hadn’t been for his walking stick and aches and pains, he could have almost imagined he was back to normal.
He rounded the corner in the lane, and ahead was a sight which never failed to lift his spirits. As far as the eye could see, from left to right, the Hamble River was wall to wall with sailing and motor yachts of all sizes. Despite his accident—he knew it had been just that: an accident—in no way had it marred his love of sailing and the sea.
He paused by the waterfront and watched a wooden yacht motor past down towards Southampton water and the open sea. He could see a youngish man at the helm and another about the same age standing on the side deck gathering in fenders. One man was dark-haired and the other blond. He could well have been looking at mirror images of Dominic and himself. He was dark-haired and of slight build; Dominic was blond and taller.
Thinking of his brother gave him a warm feeling. He truly wanted them to have equal shares in his business. Being ill had brought it home to him the hard way.
As he wasn’t married and had no heirs, who else but Dominic should inherit? And what better way than to make him a partner now? When Dominic had left the Navy, he had been undecided about what he wanted to do. He enjoyed Navy life but felt he needed a change before he became institutionalised, and after years of taking and giving orders, he fancied being his own boss. Christian had recently lost his manager to an overseas company, and Dominic drifted into the job on a temporary basis. Except that, he enjoyed it so much and the two brothers got on so well, he had stayed.
Christian sucked in the sea air and listened to the tinkle of halyards on metal masts before he carried on with his walk. He felt a bit stiff but thought he could make it into a circuit. He passed the newsagents and then on impulse stopped and turned around. He hadn’t read a newspaper in two days, and as he was now back home, he had plenty of time on his hands for a copy of the Telegraph and the local one. After paying for the papers, he bought a takeaway coffee and Danish from the café next door and decided it was pleasant enough a day to sit and read in the sun on one of the benches near the water.
Christian read the headlines in the Telegraph and eventually reached the entertainment section. His glance slid down the lists of plays and musicals being staged in London, and he realised it had been months since he had visited either a theatre or cinema. An advert for War Horse in London caught his eye, and he wondered what was playing locally in either Portsmouth or Southampton. He reckoned he could drive the short distance to either town with no trouble.
He turned to the local paper and idly flicked through the pages. As he scanned down one page, he noticed an advertisement for cruises in the Caribbean. He ignored the advertisement, thinking such voyages were only for old people and was about to move on when an article and photo above the advert caught his attention. Christian smoothed the page out on his lap and read through the article. But it wasn’t that which really caught his eye. The photo was of a young woman. Christian studied her face: pretty with wide-spaced eyes, a small neat nose and long, dark, wavy hair. He couldn’t tell how tall she was, but she looked slim.
Christian switched his attention back to the article which was about cruising for all ages and especially those new to the idea. A cruise: he had never thought about taking one. He recalled his parents had been fans when they were alive and had regularly taken trips all over the world, but he had been more interested in sail than motor.
He folded the paper in two and was about to stand up and leave, when instead, he reopened the tabloid and found his eyes drawn back to the newspaper and the woman’s smile. It was absurd. She had the most arresting gaze he had ever seen. He felt almost ridiculous as he stared, but somehow he just knew their lives were bound up in some way. He had to meet her.
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Running Wild is simply incredible at the Wolverhampton Grand
Michael Morpurgo’s Running Wild opened at the Wolverhampton Grand last night, with a show that truly made you feel like you were in an Indonesian rain forest. Telling the story of Lily, a young girl who just happened to be having a ride on a beach elephant at the point when the Tsunami struck Indonesia on that fateful Boxing Day in 2004, Running Wild is Lily’s story of survival, her quest to try and find her mother, whilst also finding out about the destruction of the rain forest and the animals that live in it. it is a children’s story, but a more hard hitting one you would struggle to find, and in a production where the puppet animals are incredibly lifelike, and life sized, you have a production that is incredibly powerful and moving.
Lily’s grandmother pays for tickets for the girl and her mother to visit Indonesia,following her Father’s birth in Iraq, killed by a roadside bomb. Indonesia is the land of her Lily’s mother’s birth, ,and with mom struggling to get through to her daughter through her grief, a visit to a land full of elephants and nature seems the perfect way for Lily to start to recover. Lily takes an elephant ride on Oona, a beach elephant, but the Tsunami sends the elephant running, with Lily, to the safety of the rain forest. But is the rain forest, with its tigers, crocodiles and big game hunters, any more safe for a little girl just trying to find her way home? Only the bond with Oona, and the baby Orangutan Frank Lampard keeps Lily strong.
Lily, as played by the wonderful Annika Whiston, is a real heroine and role model. Despite her plight, in Whiston’s hands, Lily is never a victim, she is a fighter, a courageous, resourceful heroine who never gives up. Her relationship with Oona and Frankie is touching and beautiful. Oona is a masterpiece of a puppet, in the hands of her puppeteers she has real character – you literally fall in love with her. The Orangutans and the majestic, sleek and sinister Tiger are also brilliant in their realness. You are literally transported to the rain forest, everything feels real.
Running Wild is a story every child should watch. It pulls no punches in its powerful story, particularly in the plight of animals who are having their natural habitat destroyed by man. It works as an adventure story, a parable about grief and as a spectacle. In short, it is brilliant and inspiring.
Wed 7 Jun – Sat 10 Jun
Wolverhampton Grand
Click here for ticket information
This entry was posted in children, Entertainment, family, Lifestyle, theatre and tagged children's theatre, Running Wild, Running Wild by Michael Morpurgo, Wolverhampton Grand by fashion-mommy. Bookmark the permalink.
6 thoughts on “Running Wild is simply incredible at the Wolverhampton Grand”
Jo @ Mummy Needs Wine! on June 7, 2017 at 1:42 pm said:
This sounds great and not too far away from me either. I will check it out as I am sure my 5 year old would love it xxx
Kate on June 7, 2017 at 2:25 pm said:
It looks like such a fun show. My kids would love to go and see all of the animals and I love how the heroine is so strong.
Rhian Westbury on June 7, 2017 at 2:53 pm said:
That looks like such an aweome show, totally different from anything I’ve seen x
Jacqui Paterson (@JaxFortyNorth) on June 7, 2017 at 7:09 pm said:
Look amazing! And how incredible are those puppets?! My girls would adore this show. x
Kirsty on June 8, 2017 at 8:40 pm said:
Looks so good almost reminds me of the Lion king! This would be perfect is Mia was older!
Crystal on June 12, 2017 at 10:59 pm said:
This looks and sounds like it was pretty amazing. I love events like this.
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CPG Sec. 540.650 Uneviscerated Fish Products that are Salt-cured, Dried, or Smoked (Revised)
COMPLIANCE POLICY GUIDE (CPG)
CPG Sec. 540.650 Uneviscerated Fish Products that are Salt-cured, Dried, or Smoked (Revised) November 2005
This compliance guidance document is an update to the Compliance Policy Guides Manual (August 1996 edition). It is a revised CPG and will be included in the next printing of the Compliance Policy Guides Manual. It is intended for FDA personnel and is available electronically to the public. This guidance document represents the Agency's current thinking on the enforcement of uneviscerated fish products that are salt-cured, dried, or smoked. It does not create or confer any rights for or on any person and does not operate to bind FDA or the public. An alternate approach may be used if such approach satisfies the requirements of the applicable statute, regulation, or both.
Uneviscerated, salt-cured, whole fish products have caused several outbreaks of botulism and death. Botulism is a severe form of food poisoning caused by ingesting foods containing a neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum. C. botulinum spores are ubiquitous in fishery products and the marine environment. The spores represent a public health hazard when conditions are suitable for vegetative cell growth and toxin production.
Three outbreaks of botulism, causing 3 deaths and 11 illnesses, resulted from kapchunka in the U.S.between 1981 and 1987. Kapchunka, an ethnic food usually produced from whitefish, is also known as "rybetz," "ribeyza," or "rostov." Kapchunka is an uneviscerated, salt-cured, air-dried, whole fish, which may or may not be smoked. It is consumed without further preparation, such as cooking. The fish are salt-cured under minimum refrigeration conditions for a minimum of 25 days and then air dried at ambient temperature for 3 to 7 days. Kapchunka may be smoked before packing and are commonly stored under refrigeration.
In 1991 two botulism outbreaks occurred. "Faseikh" was implicated in at least 91 illnesses and 18 deaths in Egypt. Faseikh is a traditional product made by fermenting uneviscerated fresh mullet for up to 1 day and then salt-curing it in barrels which may be tightly sealed from 1 week to 1 year. An ethnic fish product called "moloha" caused a botulism outbreak involving four family members in New Jersey. Moloha is an uneviscerated, salt-cured fish product similar to "faseikh." The preparation steps in the New Jerseyincident were not identified since the source of the "moloha" could not be found.
Other salt-cured products, such as "bloaters," can also pose a public health hazard. Bloaters are prepared by salt-curing uneviscerated, whole herring which may or may not be smoked. Bloaters may be transformed into other products, such as fillets or bloater paste. In addition to the products noted above, whole fish that are dried, pickled, or fermented can also pose a public health hazard. The referenced episodes of botulism are representative of a well-documented history of life-threatening health hazards associated with uneviscerated, salt-cured fish. The problems with these products are compounded by the difficulty in attaining sufficient levels of salt in all portions of an uneviscerated fish to inhibit the growth of the C. botulinum. Consequently, any fish product that is salt-cured and then dried, smoked, pickled, or fermented, can pose a public health hazard. Toxin may be present in these products even when there are no outward signs of microbiological spoilage or other clear indications to alert the consumer.
Control of growth and toxin production from C. botulinum in fishery products is based on spore destruction (e.g., retorting canned foods) or inhibition of vegetative cell growth (e.g., control of water activity, or pH, or use of approved chemical inhibitors). The control measures must be applied rapidly and uniformly throughout the product to protect consumers from this potentially life-threatening toxin.
Control of botulism can also be achieved in salted, dried, or smoked products prepared from small species of uneviscerated fish (generally three to five inches in length). Typically, these products are prepared from small anchovy and herring sprats. As uneviscerated fish under five inches in length are processed, their smaller size helps to ensure complete permeation of the flesh with inhibitory levels of salt or drying to a uniformly low water activity, resulting in the attainment of conditions that prevent the growth of C. botulinum.
FDA considers uneviscerated fish that are salt-cured, dried, or smoked to represent a potentially life-threatening health hazard. In addition, fillets, parts, or other products derived from uneviscerated fish pose the same potential health hazard as the original product. Therefore, with the exception of small, uneviscerated fish as described above, FDA considers uneviscerated fish that have been salt-cured, dried, or smoked, as well as products made from them, to be adulterated within the meaning of section 402(a)(4) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, in that the product has been prepared, packed, or held under insanitary conditions whereby it may have been rendered injurious to health. These products are hazardous whether stored at ambient temperature, refrigerated, or frozen, or whether packaged in air, vacuum, or modified atmosphere.
REGULATORY ACTION GUIDANCE:
FDA will consider regulatory action (seizure or detention) against any uneviscerated fish greater than five inches in length that is salt-cured, dried, or smoked, or any product derived from such uneviscerated fish, in interstate commerce.
Submit all available documentation to CFSAN/Office of *Compliance* (HFS-605) for seizure consideration.
*Material between asterisks is new or revised.*
Issued: 10/27/88
Revised: 8/10/2000, 5/2005
Submit comments on this guidance document electronically via docket ID: FDA-2013-S-0610 - Specific Electronic Submissions Intended For FDA's Dockets Management Staff (i.e., Citizen Petitions, Draft Proposed Guidance Documents, Variances, and other administrative record submissions)
If unable to submit comments online, please mail written comments to:
Dockets Management
5630 Fishers Lane, Rm 1061
All comments should be identified with the title of the guidance.
Investigation & Enforcement
Search for FDA
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I posit, but can't prove, that James Wilson, one of the leaders of the Federalist Party, learnt his jurisprudence at the feet of Adam Smith.
Professor Iain McLean unearths secrets of Adam Smith's lost work on jurisprudence
Some of the secrets of Adam Smith's lost work on jurisprudence were brought to light in a FLJS lecture at Wolfson College this week by Senior Research Fellow in Politics Professor Iain McLean.
Adam Smith is renowned as a founding father of economics, yet he also worked for decades on a book that would have spanned the ground between his moral philosophy and his sociological and economic writing. This was lost to posterity when Smith ordered his manuscripts to be destroyed from his deathbed. However, two students at the University of Glasgow took extensive notes from his lecture series on jurisprudence, otherwise known as his 'Lectures on Justice, Police, Revenue and Arms'. These thoughts on 'Police, Revenue and Arms' went on to form his most famous work The Wealth of Nations, yet his thinking on justice was never published.
Professor McLean situated the development of Smith's thought on jurisprudence in the context of the Scottish Enlightenment, and, emerging as it does from a stadial view of history by which society develops in a series of stages (hunter-gatherer, pastoral, crop-growing, commercial) based on modes of production, posited that he was an important influence on Karl Marx a century later.
Professor McLean showed that eighteenth-century Scottish thought was heavily influenced by seventeenth-century Dutch philosophy, which rejected theology as a basis for morals, law, and history. Smith's ideas on justice owed much to the Dutch philosopher Grotius, who he cites in the final sentence of his The Theory of Moral Sentiments, but he rejected the social contractarian ideals of Rousseau.
Smith outlined a theory of universality and impartiality in order to arrive at a jurisprudence based on the view of the impartial observer, from which could be derived a legal system in the interests of all.
Professor McLean concluded his lecture with a tantalising insight into the potential influence of Smith's thought on the new republic of the United States. He showed that one James Wilson had signed the registry of attendance at Smith's lectures in Glasgow, and that this signature bore a close resemblance to that of a certain James Wilson, later a Justice of the US Supreme Court, who had been a signatory to both the US Declaration of Independence and the US Constitution:
The lecture was followed by a day of in-depth discussion of Smith's jurisprudence at a workshop of experts in constitutional law, politics and philosophy.
A podcast of the lecture will be available from our Podcast pages next week.
Adam Smith as Jurist
Adam Smith is world-famous as a founding father of economics, and well-known to political...
Workshop: Adam Smith as Jurist
Leonard Wolfson Auditorium, Wolfson...
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Sears And J.C. Penney: A Tale Of Two Fading American Retail Icons
Panos Mourdoukoutas Contributor
English: Sears Essentials Store (Photo credit: Wikipedia)
For years, American retail icons Sears (NASDAQ:SHLD) and J.C. Penney (NYSE:JCP) had one thing in common: they’ve been serving the middle class working American consumer, seeking good quality products at reasonable prices. Recently, they have one more thing in common: they both distanced themselves from this group through a series of strategic mistakes committed by leadership.
J.C. Penney tried to move upscale. They refurbished stores, and did away with coupon discounts, as discussed in previous pieces.
Company Stock Price EPS
Sears 50.29 -8.78
J.C. Penney 14.61 -4.49
Best Buy 24.28 -1.42
Macy’s 43.6 13.46
Target 68.44 15.14
Source: Yahoo.finance.com 4/4/2013
Sears 63.51 -13.78
J.C. Penney 8.61 -7.32
Macy’s 50.16 3.46
Target 66.20 4.15
Source: Yahoo.finance.com 11/18/2013
The old policy had been working well, because it hypes consumer emotions, making them feel smart and encouraging them to talk with other consumers about it. That’s how hype and buzz begins.
JC Penney did away with this strategy after Ron Johnson assumed the helm of the company, modeling the company’s stores after those of Apple AAPL -0.07%. At the same time, J.C. Penney changed its product line to cater to upper scale consumers rather than the middle class consumer. The rest is history.
Sears has suffered from a series of strategic mistakes. In 1981, Sears, Roebuck & Co. made the first strategic mistake -- diversification outside its “core” retailing business into financial and real estate services, by purchasing the Dean Witter Reynolds securities firm and the Coldwell Banker real estate operation.
The problem, however, was that these new business lines had little synergies with the company’s core business.
Besides, it offered Sears’ competitors -- like Macy’s Inc., Wal-Mart Stores and Home Depot Inc. -- an opportunity to invade the company’s market.
In 2006, Sears made its second mistake, restructuring its operations into several units, often run by people with little retailing experience. It should come as no surprise that this policy was doomed to fail, as evidenced by the company’s financial results in recent years.
In the last two years, Sears made its third strategic mistake -- selling-off company stores. The problem with this was most likely that it constituted sale of the wrong products at the wrong time.
Sears’ stores are usually stand-alone units in local community malls, which have been falling out of favor among shoppers who prefer big shopping malls. Sears’ sales further come at a bad time, as the commercial real estate market is in a glut that depresses prices.
Two weeks ago, Sears announced that it was considering splitting off its Lands’ End and Sears Auto Center brands. In the meantime, the company continues to neglect its core retail business, as graphically described by New York Times David Gellies in “For Once-Mighty Sears, Pictures of Decay.” Sears seems to be moving downscale, at least when it comes to consumer experience.
To be fair, J. C. Penney has taken a number of steps to revive its business -- like the bringing back of coupon discounts, and by selling additional shares to raise cash. Sears has been raising cash from store sales, which could be spent to modernize the remaining stores.
Will these moves be sufficient to save these two American icons?
It is probably too early to say. What we can say, however, is that the two retailers do not seem to enjoy the popularity they once enjoyed among loyal customers.
Panos Mourdoukoutas
I’m Professor and Chair of the Department of Economics at LIU Post in New York. I also teach at Columbia University. I’ve published several articles in professional jour...
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Max Sievers
July 11, 1887 - January 17, 1944
After World War I, the editor Max Sievers was active in the KPD, then turning to the SPD. In the 1920s, he became the secretary and later chairman of the Social Democratic-oriented German Freethinkers’ League (Deutscher Freidenker Verband - DFV). As early as 1932, Sievers placed part of the organization’s assets in safety abroad. After the DFV’s Berlin headquarters were stormed by the SA in March 1933, he was briefly imprisoned, but escaped to Belgium. There, Sievers used the funds he had rescued to run various publications, initially propagating a unified socialist front against Hitler, later social revolution and a soviet system based on workers’ councils. However, there were few adherents to his ideas. Shortly after he returned from a visit to the United States in the spring of 1940, German troops invaded Belgium. Sievers was interned in Belgium and deported to France. He attempted to escape to Switzerland, but failed to cross the border. After three months in French internment in Strasbourg, Sievers managed to go into hiding with his Belgian wife near Lille for some time. He was denounced in June 1943, arrested by the Gestapo, and taken to Berlin. Sentenced to death by the People’s Court on November 17, 1943, Max Sievers was murdered in Brandenburg-Görden penitentiary on January 17, 1944.
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The John B. Hawley Jr. Library offers spaces for personal study and reflection, as well as spaces to work and learn collaboratively. Students have access to more than 9,000 books and 20+ periodicals for research as well as reading for pleasure. The basement holds the magazine room that has Time Magazine since 1931.
Other library resources include a color printer and color copier with scanner, multiple online databases (ABC-CLIO and EBSCOhost), popular fiction and YA books, as well as more than 1,000 movies. The library has two classrooms, one of which has a green screen wall with lights for filming. There is also a 3D printer from Lulzbot called the TAZ 6.0 which prints in two colors. Currently, it is used by the students in metalsmithing, robotics and engineering.
The library has a collection of works by and about alumni and faculty, and also hosts the Broadmoor Gardening Club’s library. Students utilize the library as a second classroom when research is done during class time. During evening study hall the library is filled with boarding students who come to find a comfortable, inviting place to study.
The Hawley Library aspires to:
Promote intellectual interaction and engagement
Provide resources and opportunities for learners to meet research needs
Motivate students to solve problems and think critically
Encourage creativity and innovation
Develop information literacy and technology skills
Model a passion for reading and learning
Monday-Friday: 8:15 a.m.-3:15 p.m.
Saturday and Sunday: 1-5:30 p.m.
Sunday-Thursday nights: 6-10 p.m.
24-hour web access to the library catalog
The username and password is the first part of your email address.
Library Catalog App
Search the library catalog on your phone using Destiny Quest.
Library Technology Educator
Lynne "Toni" Olivieri-Barton
Director of Global and Tech Integration
St. Mary's College - B.A.
University of Colorado at Colorado Springs - M.A.
tolivieri-barton@fvs.edu
Toni Olivieri-Barton has been teaching 21st-century skills to adults and children for more than 23 years. She has worked in the education field for the last 13 years, working as a tech or library teacher K-12. Toni has facilitated many students to have an opportunity to flatten their learning by connecting with students from around the world. Previously, she worked in Shanghai, China, as technology coordinator at Shanghai Community International School. In the past, Toni has assisted three school districts with staff development. In 2011, she won an ISTE Award in Online Learning. Toni is also featured in the book "The Global Educator" by Julie Lindsay.
Toni holds a bachelor's degree in philosophy and a minor in mathematics from Saint Mary's College in Notre Dame, Ind., and a master's degree in curriculum and instruction from the University of Colorado. As a Flat Classroom Certified Teacher, Edmodo Ambassador and Certified Trainer, and Graphite Certified Educator, Toni loves bringing global collaboration projects to students. She also maintains a blog about technology integration. Toni has a husband, Matt who is also in education, a daughter, Margaret, who is working on her masters in early childhood education and a son, Frank ' 17, who is studying environmental design. In her spare time, Toni likes to camp, hike, read, quilt and practice yoga.
Penny "Penny" Steele
History and English Faculty
Hope College - B.A.
psteele@fvs.edu
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Experience the Paranormal With the New Trailer for the Conjuring House
Rym Games released a new trailer for their upcoming paranormal themed survival horror game The Conjuring House.
by Damien Smith
Indie developer Rym Games have released a new trailer for their upcoming survival horror title The Conjuring House. The game takes place in the early 20th century in an old victorian house and focuses on the paranormal. The game being developed using the Unreal 4 engine and is set to release in early 2017 on PC and PS4.
What is The Conjuring House?
It is a survival horror game that focuses on the paranormal. The game is set in the early 20th century in an old Victorian house with a dark past. A group of mediums and parapsychologists are sent to the house to unravel its mystery and myth.
The player takes on the role of a journalist who goes to cover the event. The player finds that the group of mediums and parapsychologists have gone missing. They must venture through the house to discover the secret behind the disappearances and the house. To do that, they must survive against the demonic spirits that lurk within.
From the trailer, you can see that the developers are very much focusing on the atmosphere of the game. With the ambiance, the dark layout of the house and the cloister phobic hallways, it is a game that is aiming to scare with what is not visible more than anything else.
That is no to say there is nothing that can harm you. Quite the opposite in fact. Throughout the trailer, you see a number of various and hostile spirits along with creepy Victorian dolls that are capable of moving on their own.
You also see at the end of the trailer, what appears to be a room of demonic worship. This is followed by an enormous hand approaching the individual who's perspective we are viewing from. It also looks like things might be getting a little bit Lovecraftian, with insanity looking like it will be a part of the game.
A dark atmosphere, evil spirits, creepy dolls, insanity, satanic worshiping and giant demonic hands. It looks like Rym Games are pulling out all the stops to create the most horrifying experience possible.
Now on Steam Greenlight
Along with uploading the latest trailer, Rym Games also created a Steam Greenlight page for the game. They hope to get the game greenlit to allow the sale of the game on Steam upon release in early 2017. You can cast your vote for the game on the Greenlight page.
What are your thoughts on The Conjuring House? Are you going to vote for it on Steam Greenlight? Let me know in the comments below!
Damien Smith
Playing video games for over 23 years, love to write and love everything video game related.
Games The Conjuring House Genres AdventureIndie Platforms PCPlaystation 4 Tags steam games survival horror games
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More The Conjuring House Content
The Conjuring House Game Page
The Conjuring House Articles
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Best Fast and Furious movies, ranked! From Hobbs and Shaw to Tokyo Drift
By Hanna Flint 2019-08-01T10:56:02Z
Can Hobbs & Shaw turbocharge its way to the top of our list?
(Image credit: Universal)
The Fast and the Furious franchise has become one of the most commercially successful and enduring cinematic universes going, thanks primarily to its consistently high level of quality and Vin Diesel's penchant for wanting more and more explosive set-pieces each movie. It’s no wonder, then, that Universal has expanded the franchise with a new spin-off film centred on fan favourites Luke Hobbs and Deckard Shaw.
Fast & Furious Presents: Hobbs & Shaw sees Dwayne Johnson and Jason Statham return as the government agent and ex-spy, respectfully, with the duo facing a slew of new and deadlier enemies, including the predictably brilliant Idris Elba as the villain Brixton. But how does the new film stack up against the eight previous main-series Fast & Furious movies? Here’s our ranking of every high-octane installment from the last twenty years. Let us know whether you agree in the comments below!
9. Fast & Furious (2009)
After making a small cameo at the end of Tokyo Drift, Fast & Furious, the fourth movie in the franchise, marked Vin Diesel and Paul Walker’s return, along with Michelle Rodriguez and Jordana Brewster. Brian (Walker) is now working for the FBI and Dom (Diesel) returns from hiding to find the person who killed Letty (Rodríguez). This brings them together again as they deal with a drug baron who uses drag racers to deliver his drugs from Mexico across the U.S. border. Fridging Letty aside, there’s something about the performances that doesn’t quite connect. Plus, the drug lord narrative plays too similar to what we saw in 2 Fast 2 Furious, making this film feel less of a fresh reboot and more a retread of old tarmac. Still, those cave racing scenes are pretty nail-biting.
8. 2 Fast 2 Furious (2003)
The only main-series Fast & Furious film that does not feature Diesel, the first sequel follows Brian, who is hiding out in Florida after getting in trouble for letting Dominic getaway in the first film. Earning money as a street racer to keep himself afloat, Brian’s approached by his former boss to help take down an Argentinian drug baron alongside Eva Mendes’ undercover agent and his old pal Roman Pearce (Tyrese Gibson). The best thing about this movie is the introduction of much-needed humour through Gibson and Ludacris’s character Tej. Though there are some cool car races and chases, Brian and the storyline aren’t quite as compelling without Dom, Letty or Mia to play against.
7. The Fate of the Furious (2017)
The first movie without Walker, following his untimely death in a car accident, really pushed the ridiculousness up to 11. The story takes off when the crew are forced to go up against their old friend Dom, who has been coerced into working for cyberterrorist Cipher (Charlize Theron). They get help from Hobbs (Dwayne Johnson) and, of all people, Deckard Shaw (Jason Statham), whose latter fight sequence is huge amounts of fun and screams Hardboiled. Sadly with a push towards even more outlandish set-pieces, including a race across ice against a submarine, becomes too absurd and, without Walker, it loses much of the emotional heart that keeps the story flowing.
6. Fast Five (2011)
Following a disappointing return of the main characters in Fast & Furious, the fifth movie reinvigorated the franchise, thanks namely to the introduction of Johnson’s Luke Hobbs and a push away from street racing and more towards having a heist movie storyline. Of course, there are still car chases, but there’s certainly an Italian Job sensibility mixed with brilliant action and fight sequences. The story sees Dom, Brian and Mia enlist some old friends to help steal from a corrupt Brazilian businessman, all while being pursued by D.S.S. agent Hobbs. More levity and better writing raise the stakes for this film and welcomes a new exciting phase for the franchise.
5. Fast & Furious 6 (2013)
Fast 6 continues the good work from the previous film but this time sees Toretto and Hobbs working together, begrudgingly, to stop Luke Evan’s Owen Shaw from stealing a government chip. The movie also brings Letty back into the fold after she turns up alive with amnesia, and Rodriguez is on seriously top form, both behind the wheel and bare-knuckle fighting with Gina Carano. Meanwhile, Gal Gadot shows just why she was cast as Wonder Woman as former Mossad agent Gisele, who debuted in the fourth movie. Moving into spy territory, Fast & Furious 6 has more of a Mission Impossible feel and the addition of big stars like Kurt Russell and Jason Statham shows just why the Fast Franchise became a box office force to be reckoned with.
4. The Fast and the Furious: Tokyo Drift (2006)
While Lucas Black might not have been the most captivating lead, director James Wan and writer Chris Morgan’s Fast & Furious debut was a refreshing addition, despite its reviews, and introduced one of the most popular characters of the franchise: Han. The film follows American teen racer Sean who, after getting into trouble for causing serious damage during a drag race against a rich kid, is sent to stay with his father in Japan. There, he gets caught up in the drifting racing scene. Trouble with the local Yakuza gang ensues. The slick race sequences and cultural details make up for a bit of a mundane plot, but Sung Kang’s cool performance as our ill-fated Han gives it some much-needed edge and a shows just why they wrote the sequels as prequels, all so they could bring him back.
3. Fast & Furious Presents Hobbs & Shaw (2019)
This spin-off may not feature any of the original cast but it still packs a punch thanks to the unfriendly buddy match-up of Johnson’s Hobbs and Statham’s Shaw. Feeling more like a superhero movie and serving up less earnestness than the main franchise films, the two eponymous frenemies are forced to team up to stop Idris Elba’s superpowered bad guy Brixton, who wants to get his hands on a deadly virus. When Shaw’s sister (played by Vanessa Kirby) is accused of being a traitor, the three must team up to clear her name and stop the bad guys. Thanks to some special additions to the cast, this is arguably the funniest installment yet. The movie doesn’t skimp on the car chases or choreographed fight sequences, either, and even has The Rock doing his best Captain America impression. More from these two, please.
2. The Fast and the Furious (2001)
It might show its age in comparison to later instalments, but The Fast and the Furious is still the OG and should be respected as such. Point Break meets drag racing, the movie sees Walker play an undercover cop, Brian, who gets pally with local mechanic and racer Dominic Torretto, the leader of a burglary team who steal from trucks while driving black Honda Civics. Directed by Rob Cohen and written by Gary Scott Thompson and David Ayer, the first movie in the franchise is a solid B-movie with blockbuster action sequences that elevate a somewhat dated script. Walker, Diesel, Rodrguez and Brewster establish a brilliant chemistry that has been captured in every instalment since.
1. Furious 7 (2015)
Furious 7 is where the franchise really found its groove after moving away from its street-racing origins and entering espionage territory. A brilliant balance of action and narrative depth is achieved with the introduction of Jason Statham as the new villain Deckard Shaw, the brother of Owen Shaw who promises to exact revenge on Dom and the crew. They are, however, preoccupied after being recruited to stop a hacker’s surveillance program getting into the wrong hands. While Furious 7 might follow the cliched sequel schtick of being bigger and bolder than its predecessors, director James Wan handles the action sequences – most notably some jaw-dropping skyscraper hopping – with as much finesse as Dom behind the wheel at 140 miles an hour. The film also offers a touching tribute to Walker (in his last movie before his death) that feels heartfelt but without diving too far into cheesy sentimentality.
Want more Fast & Furious? Check out our interview with the star Jason Statham.
Feature ents
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Litt (beta)
Please join the mailinglist to keep up to date on all our new features!
This event is unpublished and awaiting approval.
Speakeasy Drinks & Prohibition History Tour NYC
July 17, 2019, 8 p.m. to Jan. 15, 2020, midnight
21 West 52nd Street, New York, NY 10022
Hosted by sunmola
Sip, Swirl. Taste. Gulp! Take a tipsy journey through the spirit trails of New York's underground watering holes. Your journey will feel like a discovery of hidden escapes from the hustle and bustle of midtown's tourism hub. Sure to be guided by one of the most exciting tour guides today, you'll be captivated by the rich history that has inspired your evening's libations. Walk with us as we retrace the immigrant progress toward the American Dream during Prohibition. We will guide you into one of New York's last-standing 1920s speakeasies and tell the tale of the period’s most notorious gangsters and infamous bootleggers. At our second location, we’ll explore the catalysts behind Prohibition and focus on the women of the Gilded Age, and the movement that gave rise to an oil king. To round off our journey together, we’ll take you to one of New York's iconic speakeasies where we’ll discuss both the sudden demise of Prohibition. One complimentary drink sampler included. FAQs Are there ID or minimum age requirements to enter the event? Yes. Must be 21 years of age with valid ID to join. Do I have to bring my printed ticket to the event? No. Electronic version of the ticket is accepted. FAQs What's the refund policy? You will receive a full refund with cancellation 24 hours in advance. https://www.eventbrite.com/e/speakeasy-drinks-prohibition-history-tour-nyc-tickets-65420166479
SRID=4326;POINT (-73.977397 40.760533)
LGBQT+
© 2020 Litt Inc.
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Tom Parker-Bowles
Tom Parker Bowles is a food writer and broadcaster. He has most recently been seen on ITV’s Food Glorious Food, as a judge alongside Lloyd Grossman, Anne Harrison and Stacie Stewart. Tom’s first book, E is for Eating – An Alphabet in Greed, was published in 2004. Since then he has had three further books published and in 2010 was the recipient of the Guild of Food Writers Award for Best Work on British Food.
Bite-sized Questions What has been your mostmemorable dining experience? Too many to mention. I'm spoilt. Some days, a perfect taco al pastor from A Mexico City hole in the wall. Other, some vast and endless tasting menu. At the moment, I'd find it pretty hard to beat Central in Lima. Is there anything you wouldnevertry? Goat's cheese. Anything else is fine. What’s your favourite comfort...
Melinda Joe
An American journalist based in Tokyo and specialising in gastronomy, Melinda is also a certified saké and wine professional. She explores Japanese drinks in her column for The Japan Times and writes about restaurants and food trends in Asia for The Wall Street Journal Asia and CNN. Melinda travels extensively in the name of food and drink and her experience as a journalist has seen her travel through culinary capitals around the world.
Bite-sized Questions What has been your mostmemorable dining experience? After several expensive yet disappointing meals in Beijing, stumbling upon a young man grilling lamb skewers over hot coals set into a hole in the wall -- literally. The skewers were delicious and reminded me of how amazing simple food can be. In the name of food research, is there anything you wouldnevertry? No, except maybe monkey brains. What’s your...
Aimee Pavitt
In 2003 Aimee swapped Manchester for Paris as she embarked upon her ‘year abroad’; an integral part of her French Studies degree. She never came back. After completing her degree at the University of London Institute in Paris, Aimee moved to the continent in 2003. She worked in public affairs for a large ‘solutions provider’ in the pharmaceutical field before realising that this left a bad taste in her mouth. In search of her appetite, she took to translating as a way of honing her writing skills. Once she had become sufficiently annoyed with bettering other peoples’ work, she decided she should take up the plume herself. Unsure what to write about, she thought it best to start with what she knows: eating, living in France and latterly being a mother. She is also a voice-over artist and an ambassador for the city of Lyon, where she now lives with her partner Olivier and their son Reuben-Miles. To her great dismay, she is somewhat of a hit-and-miss chef and a complete disaster in the baking department.
Bite-sized Questions What has been your most memorable dining experience? Dining at the French Senate and feeling incredibly underdressed and self-conscious. But I've never had wine like it since! Is there anything you wouldnevertry? Offal (do eyeballs count as offal? I wouldn't eat them either!), insectsor any kind of preserved egg. What’s your favourite comfort food? Bacon cheeseburger with home cut and fried chips with...
Sylvie Augereau
Sylvie Augereau was born in Loire Valley and still resides there today. A wine journalist for international publications, including GQ and Fool and French titles Carnet de Vigne (Hachette 2007, 2009, 2010), Le Nouvel Observateur and La Revue du Vin de, Sylvie is also a vine worker.
Bite-sized Questions What has been your most memorable dining experience? L’Agapé Substance (Paris) when David Toutain was there. In the name of food research, is there anything you wouldnevertry? Humans. What’s your favourite comfort food? Beurre blanc. If you had to eat one meal for the rest of your life, what would it be? Pasta-capers-tomato-parmesan. After a long week, what’s your tipple of choice? Hermitage from...
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Michigan Resident Trades ‘Diet Dr Pepper’ Twitter Handle for Flint Water
She lives an hour away from the tragedy.
Photo via Twitter
Big hearts and large bank accounts aren’t always distributed to the same people. So for many of us, when tragedy strikes, although we’d like to help we may not always have the means. But that doesn’t necessarily mean there’s nothing we can do. A heartwarming story out of Dearborn, Michigan, shows how a woman’s resourcefulness allowed her to do something powerful for the victims of the water crisis in nearby Flint.
Back in 2009, Diana Hussein joined Twitter and had no idea what to use for her handle. She looked at her computer desk for inspiration and saw a can of Diet Dr Pepper staring back at her. So she signed up under the handle @DietDrPepper. This January, the Dr Pepper Snapple Group reached out to Hussein to negotiate a deal for her to hand it over to the beverage giant. But all the company offered was a trade for some merchandise.
Hussein had been very concerned for the residents of Flint and thought she could strike a deal that could help the crisis. “Maybe I could convince them to do some kind of monetary contribution to help Flint,” she told ABC News. “When I found out they owned and distributed [bottles of water], I thought that was a really great opportunity.” Brian Bell, Dr Pepper’s public relations manager, was impressed that Hussein wanted nothing for herself in the deal. “She wasn’t trying to come after a monetary value,” he told ABC News. “Diana was very straightforward. She was very open and honest with us.”
In exchange for the @DietDrPepper handle, Dr Pepper Snapple Group agreed to send 41,000 bottles of water to help the people of Flint. Hussein now tweets under the handle @HeyaDiana. Hit her up and tell her she did something amazing.
activism cities
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Queer-Spectrum
Writing From a Different View by Sean Kennedy
As a gay male cis author, I have always written from that perspective. And I've had a lot of fun doing it! But when it came to writing the GetOut series, I had to shake things up a little.
Emma Goldsworthy was a secondary character in Tigers on the Run, acting as a foil to troubled teen Micah Johnson. She was an established character even before the introduction of Will Deanes in The Ongoing Reformation of Micah Johnson - who was only meant to have one appearance but will be getting his own book in the fourth and final entry in the series. Emma became such a strong character in her own right that I knew it would be doing a disservice not to tell her story.
It's also important to have differing representations of queer sexuality. Now, saying that, I have to point out there are a wealth of 'own voices' lesbian stories out there. They should be sought out. I can come from a queer perspective as a writer, but it is a cis male one. We need to be careful of appropriation of minorities and making sure that if we write about them we do so with respect. For example, although it is lauded by critics everywhere, I can't stand "A Little Life" by Hanya Yanigahara, as it comes across to me like gay tragedy porn bordering on bad hurt/comfort fanfic. Your mileage may vary. Yet "World Without End", written by straight author Sebastian Barry is a beautiful gay love story set during the American Civil War. What is the difference? Who knows; sometimes you just 'feel' it, and your opinion will be completely different to that of the next person.
But I couldn't not write about Emma Goldsworthy. The series wouldn't have worked without her book. Plus, it would be disingenuous of me to personally endorse diversity and inclusivity and then leave a blatant hole in the series by letting people believe Emma wasn't important or worthy enough of her own book.
Write what you love, love what you write, and hopefully in the end it will turn out okay. If there are any faults in the book, all the blame is on me and not on Emma. I love Emma Goldsworthy, and I hope you do, too.
In this excerpt, a flashback, Emma receives a visit from her girlfriend, who has bad news for her…
That’s when it occurred to Emma. “Oh, that’s what you’re getting at.”
“Enlighten me.” Trish was now pure attitude.
“You don’t want to have the high-school girlfriend when you go over there. How embarrassing it would be for you!”
“I don’t want any girlfriend when I’m there!” This outburst seemed even to shock Trish herself, like a truth had been revealed she hadn’t been consciously aware of.
“Oh, really.” The snarkiness was like a tennis ball being lobbed between them—Trish served it and Emma returned it, the power shifting with each play.
“It’s just, I want to focus on the sport for the moment. Just make sure my head’s entirely in it, and I don’t want to be choosing between that and a girlfriend—”
“Emphasis on the girl.” Emma didn’t know exactly why she said that, but it struck home.
“Well… there is that.”
This was the perfect situation where Emma wished she had the talent of only raising one eyebrow. Such a simple action that would say so much. Instead she had to settle for saying, “Oh. You’re not a lesbian anymore?”
Trish rolled her eyes. “Don’t give me that shit.”
“What do you mean, then?”
“Just, I’m—”
“Going back in the closet?” This was a joke, surely.
She put her hands up, whether to stop Emma or plead for peace, Emma wasn’t sure. “No, I’m just keeping my private life private.”
“That’s how homophobes work. You don’t talk about anything personal, while they can say anything they like. Gay people have to hide, and straights get to pretend there are no gays around to wreck their sport or movie watching. You’ll be the excellently neutered silent dyke.”
“When did you get so bitter?” Trish asked. “You’re barely eighteen.”
The age thing again. Trish was really trying to put distance between them. “Haven’t you noticed? I’ve always been bitter.”
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Copyright © 2020 Harmony Ink Press.
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Conversations About Miller
Home / General / Conversations About Miller
April 11, 2014April 11, 2014
Cody NickellGeneral
I recently had the chance to sit down with a couple friends of The Playhouse and talk about their experiences working with Arthur Miller. Suzanne Bradbeer, author of Gulfshore Playhouse’s World Premiere play The God Game, and Naomi Buck, former Director Of Programming for Artis Naples, were both incredibly generous to take the time and share some stories and impressions of Mr. Miller, one of the great dramatists in the history of American theatre.
Coincidentally they both worked on the same play, just decades apart. The American Clock first premiered on Broadway in 1980, and Naomi was a stage manger on that production. Suzanne had the opportunity to work as dramaturge on Signature Theatre’s revival of the play in 1997.
The thing that struck me most about the way these two women spoke of Mr. Miller was the reverence in their voices. Clearly, even through the intervening years, the impression this theatre artist left was deep and very important in the lives of Naomi and Suzanne. In fact, Naomi said, “It was the apex of my professional life.”
Right off the bat, Suzanne jumped right in with, “He was hugely charismatic. All the girls in the room were like, ‘I see what Marilyn saw in him.” And Naomi agreed. “When he spoke, the room stopped. Part of it is because he’s Arthur Miller, you know you are in the room with a legend, someone whose work will be read around the world forever. But it wasn’t just that, it was also that he was very comfortable with himself. He was very humble, not to say that he didn’t take his credit, but he never pushed it. With his ease, his fame, the content of his conversation, and his easy sense of humor, he became the whole room.”
Naomi continually talked about the sense of humor. Not just his own, but the importance he placed on other’s sense of humor. And this wasn’t about people laughing at his jokes, it had much more to do with people being able to participate in a conversation in an easy and humorous way. Suzanne added a story about the first time she was going to be speaking with him privately on the phone. It was during previews, and sometimes Mr. Miller would be in attendance at those previews, but sometimes not, and Suzanne was tasked with calling him the morning after the preview and giving him a report on how the show went, and how the audience received it. “I was supposed to call him at 8:00 AM and it must have been a few minutes before the scheduled time, because when he answered the phone, the first thing out of his mouth was a loud ‘YOU’RE EARLY!’” Suzanne stammered an apology, as quickly as she could get it out of her mouth and hung up the phone, mortified. She waited a few minutes, and then apprehensively dialed Mr. Miller back, ready to apologize again. This time the first thing out of his mouth was, “I was just kidding you.”
It was during these phone conversations that Suzanne really began to appreciate Mr. Miller’s work ethic and drive to get the play right. He would ask her every time they spoke, “How is the audience responding? Were they getting it? Were they appreciative?” Suzanne realized how cool it was that you are never too old, never too celebrated to care deeply about what the audience thinks. And she was also impressed by how naked those questions were. There was no mask, no cover. Naomi added that she thought this was the core of his work ethic, “He always wanted to know if the audience got it. Otherwise he would have to explain it differently.”
It was a thrill for me to get a chance to these women and hear their first hand accounts of Mr. Miller. They spoke with respect, humor, reverence and joy. And they both expressed how wonderful it was to revisit these memories and that time in their lives. However here at the end I do want to include two last thoughts they shared.
Suzanne spoke of the time right after Mr. Miller’s death in 2005. She was at The New Harmony Project walking with fellow playwright Theresa Rebeck, and they spoke about how there a tremendous moral center was missing both from the larger world, and from the smaller theatrical world.
Naomi said, “He was so human. There was nothing high falootin’ about him. He lived up to the legend status, because he was such a real human being. He didn’t have any big star bullshit. He was just there. He was everything you wanted him to be. We need all our heroes to be like that.”
Previous LinkTickets! Get your tickets!Next LinkConversations About Miller, Part Two
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Who and What Donald Trump Will See on His Israel Visit
The U.S. president arrives in Jerusalem on May 22, and the Israeli media is full of stories about his potential itinerary. Yad Vashem? The Western Wall? Masada? And, the big question, how will the King David Hotel compare to Mar-a-Lago?
Amir Tibon
Send me email alerts for new articles by Amir Tibon
U.S. President Donald Trump, son Barron Trump and first lady Melania Trump disembarking from Air Force One in Maryland, April 2017. MIKE THEILER/REUTERS
U.S. President Donald Trump will arrive in Israel on May 22 for his first official visit to the country. It will last approximately 24 hours and include a stop in the West Bank. So far, the White House has provided very few details about the visit, including the list of senior officials in attendance. By contrast, the Israeli authorities have briefed the local press about the expected itinerary, which is currently being finalized.
How Trump can get the most out of his Israel visit
Melania Trump will join Donald Trump on his trip to Israel
When Trump visits Yad Vashem, all eyes will be on him
According to Israeli press reports, Trump will start by visiting the Western Wall, together with his family. The White House has confirmed that first lady Melania Trump will accompany him on the visit. Daughter Ivanka and son-in-law Jared Kushner, who is a senior adviser to Trump, are also expected to attend.
After his visit to the Kotel, Israeli reports suggest Trump will continue on to the president’s residence in Jerusalem, for a reception with President Reuven Rivlin.
The next stop will be Yad Vashem – the World Holocaust Remembrance Center, where the U.S. president is expected to lay a wreath in memory of the 6 million victims of the Shoah.
However, Israeli Army Radio reported Tuesday that Trump’s team has asked the Israeli authorities to keep the Yad Vashem stop short, and perhaps even remove it entirely from the schedule. This would create a lot of controversy, since it is customary that every senior foreign official visits Yad Vashem on their first official trip to Israel.
Last month, U.S. Secretary of Defense Gen. James Mattis canceled his Yad Vashem visit during his short stay in Israel. Unlike Trump, though, Mattis has visited Israel a number of times as a military officer in recent years and been to Yad Vashem many times.
Later, on the evening of May 22, Trump will reportedly have dinner at the prime minister’s residence with Benjamin Netanyahu.
General Joseph Dunford, the Chairman of the U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff, speaking during his visit to Yad Vashem Holocaust memorial in Jerusalem, May 9, 2017. RONEN ZVULUN/REUTERS
Masada National Park in southern Israel. Will Trump speak her on May 23?Moshe Gilad
Trump will probably stay at Jerusalem’s King David Hotel, which has hosted many world leaders in the past, including former U.S. presidents on their visits to Israel.
One event that keeps being mentioned in Israeli reports, but which has not been confirmed by any U.S. source, is a May 23 Trump speech at Masada. The ancient fortress overlooking the Dead Sea is one of the most popular and famous historical sites in Israel.
Assuming this speech does take place, it will be one of Trump’s last events in Israel, before he visits the Palestinian city of Bethlehem for a meeting with Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas.
He is then scheduled to return to Ben-Gurion International Airport, where he will depart for the next leg of his tour – a visit to the Vatican City, in Rome, on May 24.
Trump’s tour is set to conclude with a NATO meeting in Brussels the following day, and the G-7 summit in Sicily on May 26.
Israel - U.S.
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Odessa's Best Property Manager
If that describes you, we’ve got good news. With Great Jones, full-service Florida property management, it's as simple, seamless, and hassle-free as it should be. We combine the efficiency and innovation of a tech company with the personal service and integrity of a local business.
That's why we're already trusted by hundreds of property owners in Hillsborough and beyond.
It's not your imagination. Most Hillsborough property management companies charge an arm and a leg for their services. Between maintenance markups and call fees, signup and cancellation fees, routine inspection fees, and so on, you end up paying over 18-23% of your income in property management fees to the average property manager in Hillsborough without even knowing it.
Fill out the form below to get a free management review -- useful if you're currently working with another property manager in Odessa or even self-managing your rentals.
Average rent for Odessa, FL
In Odessa, the average rent for Single Family Residential homes is $1,447.
As a full-service property management company, Great Jones provides 24/7 support for your Odessa residents, both online and via phone. If there's a middle-of-the-night water leak, our team will handle the situation, involve the right vendors, and give you an update by the morning. Of course, we also do proactive maintenance to catch small issues before they become serious. That's a crucial way of preventing catastrophic emergency costs. It also keeps residents happy, and ensures low vacancy rates. In fact, our average resident stays for over two and a half years.
It should go without saying, but all of our vendors are fully licensed and insured. We work with a trusted local network of maintenance professionals in Hillsborough whose work is pre-vetted to ensure it's high-quality. We've also pre-negotiated discounted rates on their work, for more cost savings that we pass on to you with zero markups.
Standard HVAC Replacement Cost for Odessa, FL
There are countless property managers fighting for your attention in the Florida real estate market. But at Great Jones, we really do think we're different.
But we also bring integrity, transparency, and empathy to our work. We're property owners ourselves, with years of experience managing and maintaining real estate. We know firsthand how stressful property investment can be, and we strive to deliver a better experience. We're also deeply local, with roots right here in Hillsborough. So if we feel more like your next-door neighbor than a soulless corporation, it's because we are.
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Player's Movember Collection
THE Grimsby Town players will be doing a collection for their Movember campaign ahead of Saturday's Blue Square Bet Premier League clash with Woking.
All the money raised by the players will go to the chosen charities of Steve and Dorothy Dawson, parents of the late Matty Dawson, and Tony Broadley, father of the late Richard Broadley.
Shaun Pearson, who was one of the players who came up with the idea, said: "The lads have been doing well (mostly). A couple of them are struggling but all the players are behind it. If we could get a pound off everyone at the game we will be doing really well." .
The players will be at the turnstiles on Imperial Avenue and Harrington Street.
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GUILDHALL SCHOOL
Life At the School
Production Arts
Youth & Adult Learning
Milton Court
Guildhall Innovation
Orla O'Loughlin
Over the course of her career Orla has directed an eclectic mix of award-winning and internationally acclaimed work at a range of theatres, festivals and non-conventional performance spaces.
Directing credits whilst Artistic Director of the Traverse Theatre include: What Girls are Made of (Scotsman Fringe First and Herald Angel award-winner), Swallow (Scotsman Fringe First and Scottish Arts Club award-winner); Ciara (Scotsman Fringe First, Herald Angel and CATS award-winner); Spoiling (Scotsman Fringe First award-winner); Meet Me at Dawn (Herald Angel award-winner); Milk (Tom Erhardt award-winner); and the Herald Angel award-winning, Dream Plays (Scenes from a Play I’ll Never Write).
Other directing credits include: Locker Room Talk (Abbey Theatre, Latitude Festival, Scottish Parliament); How Much is your Iron? (Young Vic); The Hound of the Baskervilles (West Yorkshire Playhouse/ UK Tour/West End); Kebab (Dublin International Theatre Festival/Royal Court); For Once (Hampstead Theatre) The Fire Raisers (BAC); Black Comedy, Blithe Spirit, Relatively Speaking (Watermill Theatre); Small Talk: Big Picture (BBC World Service/Royal Court/ICA); Underland (performed 200 feet below ground in Clearwell Caves); Shuffle (performed by a cast of seventy in Merry Hill �“ Europe’s largest out of town shopping centres) and Mouthpiece (Traverse Theatre/Soho Theatre).
Orla is a former recipient of the James Menzies Kitchin Directors Award and the Carlton Bursary at the Donmar Warehouse and is a previous Associate Director at the Royal Court.
Orla has a Masters (Dist) from Central School of Speech and Drama, a P.G.C.E from the University of Reading and a B.A (Hons) from the University of Warwick. She has led masterclasses and directed projects at a variety of Drama Schools and Universities across the world.
She was listed in the Observer as one of the top fifty Cultural Leaders in the UK and in The List Hot 100 of Women in the Arts.
(Photo - Aly Wight)
Address Silk Street, Barbican, EC2Y 8DT
©2015 Guildhall School of Music & Drama
Our Research Activity
The Guildhall School of Music & Drama is provided by the City of London Corporation as part of its contribution to the cultural life of London and the nation
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ParentWeb
Welcome from Our Head of School
Mission & Vision Statements
Why Choose HCA
Steps to Admission
2019-2020 Tuition and Fees
Testing Fee (K3-1st)
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Home | Academics
A Christ-Centered Atmosphere For The College-Minded Student
Heritage Christian Academy considers it a high honor with tremendous responsibility to educate its K3-12th grade students. The staff of fully-degreed and certified teachers in partnership with a community of families seek to equip HCA’s students spiritually, academically, socially and emotionally to be successful in college and life. Instilling Christian values while offering a challenging curriculum along with numerous extracurricular and missions opportunities are key to providing a well-rounded education. For an entire break down of accreditation, affiliations, grading scale, graduation requirements and much more, please take a look at the School Profile on the About Us page, or download the PDF version here.
Biblically-Based & Christ-Centered
HCA maintains a solid foundation of high academic standards cohesively joined with biblical truths and teachings. The school believe that there are three defining characteristics of a biblically-based, Christ-centered education:
1. Biblical Integration
This is the blending of biblical principles and scripture with traditional subject areas. Within all disciplines and activities of the school, at all levels, there are elements that can point students in the direction of their Savior and Creator. The task of the Christian school teacher is to help students discover those elements by integrating applicable scriptures and scriptural principles with what they are learning in math, science, literature, athletics, fine arts, and indeed all subjects and activities of the school. In order for students to develop a Christian worldview (and in order for an education to be considered Christian) all subjects must be taught, not only by Christians, but from an integrated Christian frame of reference. In addition, all students attend daily Bible classes and weekly chapel meetings throughout the year.
2. Role Model Impact
This refers to the morality, integrity, character and spiritual condition of the people involved in the school and particularly of the administration and faculty. For HCA to describe itself as "Christian," it must be staffed with people who themselves are distinctively "Christian." Meaning, people who are beyond question born-again Believers and know that their personal lives and the daily quality of their relationship with the Lord, Jesus Christ will affect students for generations to come. They study and use the scriptures as their guide for life, their source for wisdom and strength, and the standard by which all things must be judged. In short, these must be people who have internalized the Word of God and have allowed the grace of God to produce a living curriculum within them that is evident to all.
This is the process whereby the values and beliefs of one generation are continually placed before, and directly taught to, the next generation. An education that purports to name the name of Christ must disciple students by directly involving them with the Word of God and placing before them who the Word of God calls them to "be" and what that Word calls them to "do" in their daily lives. Through discipleship we endeavor to create a foundation of a thorough knowledge of the Bible in order to bring about development of character and lifestyle consistent with that knowledge. The school’s endeavor takes the form of opportunities: Bible class, chapel, community service, mission trips, staff relationships, and positive peer influences. All of these venues provide students with the opportunity to acquire a thorough knowledge of the Bible and make decisions that shape who they are in Christ today and for the rest of their lives.
Through Biblical integration we want students to discover the hand, heart, and mind of Christ throughout the universe of creation and thought.
Through role model impact we provide students with the developmental influence that can only come from mature, born again Christian adults.
Through discipleship we endeavor to create a foundational knowledge of the Bible and a lifestyle consistent with God's Word.
College Preparatory Environment
The phrase “college prep” is often used as a descriptor for the academic standard for many private and Christian school environments. Unless “college prep” is defined in the context of a particular school’s mission it will often be misunderstood. For HCA, the guiding assumption is that every student who walks through the door is college bound. Whether that is elementary, middle school or high school, it is the job of this school to provide each student with the opportunities necessary to be well-prepared for college entrance as well as leading them to make informed decisions to find the best college fit. Students who choose to go to highly competitive universities find the education they receive at HCA is an empowering factor towards obtaining that goal. An education that bears the name of Christ must equip, not hinder.
HCA will provide all students at all grade levels with developmentally appropriate opportunities to acquire the knowledge and values necessary for success throughout their school years up to and including college. There is no other school in this community that can provide a greater overall experience for students than Heritage Christian Academy. A diploma from HCA is evidence of an excellent educational achievement, but as our students move on and succeed in many areas, they begin to realize that the process of earning it prepared them for the challenges of life.
Heritage Christian Academy has created a unique environment that provides its students with the best education possible. As you search through the HCA website, you will be able to learn more about what this school has to offer. However, some of the areas offered that are college-preparatory specific at HCA are:
An established and excellent phonics curriculum beginning in K3.
A full and comprehensive K3-K5 program.
Elementary competitions including: Young Authors, Spelling Bee, Math Olympics, Speech Meet & Art Competitions.
Multiple foreign languages offered at both the secondary and elementary level.
On-campus dual-credit, Princeton Review SAT Prep and honors courses.
Secondary competitions at the district, regional and state level in academics, fine arts and athletics.
HCA offers a varied and challenging academic curriculum with several extracurricular programs to ensure its students have a strong educational foundation and reach their full potential. Students at HCA will have more opportunities because they are not limited to just one or two activities. In the Athletic Department, students can participate in football, volleyball, cheer leading, basketball, baseball, softball, track, tennis, swimming and golf; and the Fine Arts Department offers band, art, drama, choir, praise team, yearbook, debate, digital editing, graphic design and photography. Both of these departments are well-recognized and have been awarded several high honors. There are also various clubs, honor societies and Missions and volunteer opportunities for the students as well.
An Education That Gets Results
Heritage Christian Academy boasts several awards from National Merit Scholars to above average SAT and ACT test scores, but none are more important than the spiritual and educational foundation that is necessary for college and later life. Not only are 100 percent of HCA graduates eligible to attend college, but they also receive numerous scholarship offers for academics, athletics, fine arts, leadership, community service and much more. In fact, the last three graduating classes (2016, 2017 & 2018) amassed just shy of $9 million in scholarships offered, which equates to an average of $88,000 per graduate. This success comes from the experiences, opportunities, education and support the students get from HCA. In addition, the college counseling provided during this time in the student's academic career is invaluable.
While this is not an exhaustive list, HCA graduates have been accepted to, are currently attending, or have graduated from the following colleges and universities throughout the United States:
Asbury College
Baylor University (Honors College)
Belhaven College
Biola University
California Polytechnic State University
Collin College
Columbia College-Chicago
Covenant College
Dallas Christian College
Eastfield College
East Texas Baptist University
Evangel University
Hardin-Simmons University (Honors College)
Hardin-Simmons University
Howard Payne University
John Brown University
Loyola University of New Orleans
Midwestern State University
Milliken University
Murray State University
Nicholls State University
Northland International University
Oklahoma State University (Honors College)
Ouachita Baptist University
Pepperdine University
Rutgers Professional Golf Turf Management School
Savannah College of Art & Design
Southwestern Assemblies of God University
St. Edwards University
Stephen F. Austin State University
Tarleton State University
Taylor University
Texas A&M - College Station
Texas A&M - Commerce
Texas Women’s University
Texas Wesleyan University
University of Colorado-Boulder
University of Colorado-Colorado Springs
University of Indiana
University of Mary-Hardin Baylor
University of Nebraska (Honors College)
University of Tennessee-Knoxville
University of Texas-Arlington
Westmont College
West Texas A&M University
Biblical Studies & Chapel
1408 S. Goliad Street
Rockwall, Texas 75087
info@hcarockwall.org
© 2020 Heritage Christian Academy. All Rights Reserved.
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Inside Track: Thoughts on independence from the worldly wise
By David Pratt
I've been spending a lot of time on the road of late.
Over the past months I have journeyed in Africa, Latin America and recently returned to Bosnia whose bitter war during the break-up of the former Yugoslavia I covered back in the 1990s.
Last month I was sitting in a restaurant at Nairobi airport with a colleague, when an elderly Dutch couple approached our table. They had, it turned out, been on a Kenyan safari holiday.
"Forgive me, but I couldn't help overhearing your accent," said the man by way of an introduction before continuing.
"I just thought I'd wish you luck with the vote for independence in Scotland's forthcoming referendum."
When I asked what made him think I would be voting Yes, the man gave me a puzzled look before throwing the question back at me: "Why wouldn't you? It's a wonderful opportunity for Scotland," he insisted.
It wasn't the first or indeed last time that I've heard such pro-independence sentiments expressed in far-flung places. Indeed, many of the places where this has been most vociferous, have been those where - for understandable reasons - you might expect the very words independence or separatism to give people pause for thought or wariness.
South Sudan is the world's youngest nation, having only achieved its independence from the Republic of Sudan's northern rulers in Khartoum in 2011. Recently while in the capital, Juba, I listened as some men laid out their reasoning with an incredible grasp of the issues at the heart of the Scottish independence debate, as to why they thought it good for Scotland to vote Yes.
Not only was I amazed by their knowledge of the case for and against, but the fact too that this discussion was happening in a country still struggling with tensions that have brewed since its own separation from a large powerful neighbour of which it was once part.
Likewise, while in Bosnia a few weeks ago as part of a charity initiative delegation to learn from the lessons of the Srebrenica massacre and genocide, I was consistently quizzed on my view of Scottish independence. What struck me most about these Bosnian encounters was that even here, in a European country that faces continuing difficulties as a result of the war and subsequent political division of the nation into two entities under the Dayton Accord, Bosnians I met almost unanimously thought Scottish independence a positive thing.
From Juba to Bosnia and beyond, three things have struck me about the Scottish independence issue. The first is that whatever the resonance of the debate here, there is no doubt that it has now caught the imagination of people globally.
The second is that even in countries all too familiar with the risks and costs that political separation brings, the anecdotal evidence suggests people still think it a cause we Scots should embrace. Viewed through the prism of such people and their experiences, the ludicrous scaremongering that has been a hallmark of the debate within the UK can be seen for the nonsense that it is. If such people are not afraid, why should we Scots be?
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Angebote zu "All-Star" (17 Treffer)
Disney's Pop Century Resort
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Disney''s Pop Century Resort is a resort at the Walt Disney World Resort. It is one of four hotels that make up the "value resort" group, along with the Disney''s All-Star Sports Resort, Disney''s All-Star Movies Resort, and Disney''s All-Star Music Resort. The hotel is themed around different decades in American pop culture. Much like the other resorts within the value category, there are giant versions of various items built around the hotel. Each themed area features motel-style buildings adorned in gigantic (3 meters+) phrases and iconography of the particular decade being represented. The resort has 2,880 rooms in ten separate buildings, three pool areas, and one central area that houses the front desk, gift shop, arcade and food court. The buildings are four story versions of the three story All-Star Resort buildings.
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Disney''s All-Star Music Resort is a resort that is part of the Walt Disney World Resort. It is one of four resorts in the Value Resort category, along with Disney''s All-Star Sports Resort, Disney''s All-Star Movies Resort, and Disney''s Pop Century Resort. The resort is located on the southern portion of the Walt Disney World Resort property near Disney''s Animal Kingdom. Disney''s All-Star Music Resort is a 1,604-room hotel featuring giant icons that that pay homage to classic music genres including Broadway show tunes, calypso, country, jazz and rock n'' roll. Disney''s All-Star Music Resort is the only Disney Value Resort with family suites. As a characteristic with all Disney Value resorts, the resort features a music theme with giant novelty items such as guitars, trumpets, and drums. The resort is designated in the Florida Green Lodging Program.
Disney's All-Star Movies Resort
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Disney''s All-Star Movies Resort is a resort hotel located at the Walt Disney World Resort. It is one of four Disney Resorts in the "Value" category along with Disney''s All-Star Sports Resort, Disney''s All-Star Music Resort, and Disney''s Pop Century Resort. The resort is located on the southern portion of the Walt Disney World property, and has a Disney Movie theme. Like all Disney Value resorts, the property is decorated with giant Disney film icons such as the Fantasia Pool, a "Mighty Ducks" themed Duck Pond Pool, Herbie, The Love Bug, puppies from "Disney''s One Hundred and One Dalmatians" and some of the residents of Andy''s Room from Disney''s Toy Story. Like the other value resorts, the All-Star Movies has a large food court and poolside bar. Most rooms are available with two double beds. A limited number of rooms with king-size beds are also available. Disabled accessible rooms are available. Irons, ironing boards, cribs and hair dryers, and in-room safes are in each room.
Did You See Melody?
'Outstandingly brilliant' Clare Mackintosh Did she really see Melody? The stunning new pageturner from the Queen of Psychological Suspense.Pushed to breaking point, Cara Burrows abandons her home and family and escapes to a five-star spa resort she can't afford. Late at night, exhausted and desperate, she lets herself into her hotel room and is shocked to find it already occupied - by a man and a teenage girl.A simple mistake on the part of the hotel receptionist - but Cara's fear intensifies when she works out that the girl she saw alive and well in the hotel room is someone she can't possibly have seen: the most famous murder victim in the country, Melody Chapa, whose parents are serving life sentences for her murder.Cara doesn't know what to trust: everything she's read and heard about the case, or the evidence of her own eyes. Did she really see Melody?And is she prepared to ask herself that question and answer it honestly if it means risking her own life? What people are saying about DID YOU SEE MELODY? 'I was hooked!...there was a cracking ending!' GoodReads reviewer'Really good reading that moved at a fast pace and kept me engaged throughout. Highly recommended.' GoodReads reviewer'Oh superb. Excellent. All the other expletives. Ms Hannah still showing us how twisting a plot is done properly.' GoodReads reviewer
Disney's
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Home / World / American soldier who 'drunk' defected to North Korea died
American soldier who 'drunk' defected to North Korea died
tokio - An American soldier who defected to North Korea in 1965 died. Former sergeant Charles Jenkins died in Japan at the age of 77, where he lived with his family since 2004.
The then 24-year-old Jenkins deserted half a century ago while he was stationed in South Korea. He later stated that he had done a drunken mood under the assumption that he would end up in Russia. The North Koreans, however, decided to keep him.
The American married the Japanese Hitomi Soga, who had been kidnapped by the North Koreans to teach spies. Jenkins played in North Korea, among other things, the role of evil American spy in a propaganda film. He also taught English to military personnel.
Soga was allowed to return to Japan in 2002. Her husband followed two years later with their two daughters. Jenkins then issued a symbolic penalty of thirty days due to desertion. Then he went to live in Sado. An official in that place confirmed his death without going into details.
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Automation/AI
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Canadian HR Law
A bra-zen request
Can employers regulate employees' underwear?
By Stuart Rudner , Canadian HR Law
Canadian HR Law Sep 18, 2017
By Stuart Rudner and Nadia Zaman
You might have seen this in the news recently: Geneviève Loiselle, a female server at an East Side Mario’s restaurant in Timmins, Ont., alleged that her employer ordered her to wear a bra at work as part of the dress code. Loiselle noted that “It was a really sexist thing to do” and stated, “Some men have larger breasts than I do. You would never impose [a bra] on a male so why would you impose that on a female?”
In particular, Loiselle was upset with the way this was handled, and alleged that a female manager took her aside and, looking right at her breasts, said, “Well, Gen, I can clearly see that you’re not wearing a bra and that you have nipple piercings.”
After this story “went viral.” her employer sought to minimize the damage and informed her that she did not, after all, have to wear a bra at work.
So the question arises: Can an employer demand that female employees wear a bra at work? The simple answer is that unless the employer can show that this is a bona fide occupational requirement, such a requirement would be discriminatory.
Earlier this year, the media was focused on sexualized workplace attire and, in particular, the fact that some restaurants mandated that female employees wear short skirts, low-cut tops or high heels, without any corresponding requirement of their male employees. This was a fairly common practice, with many restaurants known more for the clothing (or lack thereof) on their wait staff than the food on their menus.
Sadly, these concerns are nothing new — human rights decisions relating to discriminatory dress codes can be found from decades ago. In a 2013 decision by the Human Rights Tribunal of Ontario, McKenna v Local Heroes Stittsville, the sports bar had cut the server’s shifts after she raised concerns about wearing a new form-fitting uniform due to her visible pregnancy. The tribunal held that this was discriminatory — as management sought to re-brand by emphasizing the sexual attractiveness of the staff and saw the applicant’s visible pregnancy as inconsistent with its re-branding efforts — and ordered the respondents to pay her $17,000 for injury to her dignity and almost $3,000 in lost wages.
On International Women’s Day (March 8) of this year, the Ontario Human Rights Commission released Not on the Menu: Inquiry report on sexual and gender-based dress codes in Ontario’s restaurants. According to the report, sexualized and gendered dress codes will no longer be tolerated in Ontario’s restaurants. Employers expose themselves to significant liability if they have discriminatory dress codes or if they fail to fulfill their duty to accommodate.
We wrote on this topic here a few months ago, and presented a webinar which is available on demand here.
The law of discrimination
While employers have the right to implement and enforce reasonable rules in the workplace, a dress code cannot violate human rights legislation. These statutes prohibit discrimination based on various protected grounds including sex and sexual orientation. No one can contract out of human rights legislation.
Discrimination is defined as adverse treatment of a person on the basis of a protected ground (such as their sex). In order to prove discrimination, an employee must show that there is a connection between the negative treatment and one of the protected grounds (for example, being required to wear high heels because you are a female).
Once an employee establishes prima facie discriminatory conduct, the onus shifts to the employer to justify the conduct based on an exemption available under the relevant legislation. For instance, an employer may be able to justify a distinction based on a protected ground by showing that it is a bona fide occupational requirement (BFOR), i.e. a skill or characteristic essential to a job, without which the job cannot be performed.
In order to establish a BFOR, the employer must show that:
the standard was rationally connected to job performance
the standard was adopted in an honest and good faith belief that it was necessary to the fulfillment of that work related purpose
the standard is reasonably necessary to the accomplishment of that legitimate purpose.
An example of this would be a requirement that construction workers wear helmets, as it is necessary for them to be able to perform their job safely, even if it interferes with their religious obligation to wear a head covering.
Dictating female underwear discriminatory
Is requiring that female employees wear a bra at work discriminatory? On its face, such a requirement is discriminatory given that there is a connection between the negative treatment (requirement to wear a bra) and one of the protected grounds (sex).
In fact, the Ontario Human Rights Commission provides examples of gendered and/or sexualized dress code requirements or expectations that may violate the Code, which includes “Telling women staff what underwear they should or can’t wear: Such as being told not to wear a bra or to wear thong underwear”.
Can an employer nevertheless justify such a requirement by showing that it is a BFOR?
While it would depend on the particular facts of a given case, in our view, this would be an uphill battle. It is hard to imagine that this could be demonstrated to be a health or safety issue. An employer might argue it is a “legitimate business interest” to ensure a “professional image” or that the employer is acceding to customer requests.
However, an employer would likely be unable to rely upon either of these arguments to justify the requirement to wear a bra, or otherwise dictate employees’ underwear. Even if an employer is able to show that the standard was adopted in an honest and good faith belief that it was necessary to the fulfillment of a work-related purpose, how would the employer show that the standard is “rationally connected to job performance” and “reasonably necessary” to accomplish the work-related purpose? It would be extremely difficult to establish all three prongs to satisfy the BFOR test — the standard is quite high.
Designing a dress code
Dress codes should be written and speak to what is permitted and expected when it comes to attire in the workplace. Like any workplace policy, a dress code must be clear, communicated to all employees, consistently applied and enforced, and reasonable. The commission has developed a checklist to help organizations make their dress codes and uniform policies consistent with the code.
Policies should include the following:
●what is permitted
●examples of what is not permitted (any restriction should be connected to a real business, health or safety requirement)
●procedures for requesting accommodation or exceptions for appropriate reasons, and
●disciplinary consequences for non-compliance.
Employers would be well-advised to incorporate such policies into employment contracts, such that a breach of the policy would constitute a breach of the employment agreement. In addition, employers should train all employees on such policies, monitor to ensure compliance, discipline offenders, and update the policies as needed.
Companies should be aware, however, that the more prescriptive their requirements, the more likely they are to create barriers for staff. There is a difference between what an employee chooses to wear to work, and what an employer directly, or indirectly, tells an employee to wear. An employer should be prepared to prove that any sex-based differences in the dress code are legitimately linked to the job requirements. Where this cannot be shown, these dress codes will be discriminatory.
Loiselle alleged that her manager told her she was required to wear a bra under the dress code, but her manager could not point to anything in the policy stating this requirement. One of the takeaways for employers is the importance of having written policies in place and knowing what they say. It is also important to disseminate those policies so all employees are aware of them.
Employees may be affected by uniform requirements in different ways, as they may have different code-related needs. Employers can minimize the risk of liability by having clear, comprehensive and inclusive policies, as well as processes to address complaints about dress codes, sexual harassment and other discrimination.
Nadia Zaman is an employment and human rights lawyer at Rudner Law in Toronto.
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March 30, 2018 10:29AM EDT
Coalition Letter Regarding Concerns about S. 1994, CORRECTIONS Act of 2017 and Prison Reform Only Efforts
The Honorable Mitch McConnell
The Honorable Chuck Schumer
Senate minority Leader
Cc: Senator Grassley and Senator Feinstein
Dear Leader McConnell and Leader Schumer:
On behalf of The Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights and 61 legal, civil rights, disability rights, criminal justice, human rights, and faith-based organizations, we write to express our concerns specifically about S.1994, the CORRECTIONS Act of 2017, and more generally about our opposition to efforts to pass prison reform (or “back end” reform) legislation without including sentencing reform (or “front end” reform). Across the country, states that have enacted legislation containing both front and back end reforms have reduced rates of incarceration and crime. Any legislation that addresses only back end reforms is doomed to fail in achieving these goals. Without changes to sentencing laws that eliminate mandatory minimums, restore judicial discretion, reduce the national prison population, and mitigate disparate impacts on communities of color, S.1994 alone will have little impact.
Moreover, proposals referred to by the White House and other supporters as “prison reform,” including the CORRECTIONS Act and H.R.3356, the Prison Reform and Redemption Act of 2017, would do little to reform prisons or the federal justice system. S.1994 purports to reduce recidivism by providing earned time credit incentives for people to participate in rehabilitative programming, but many people will not be eligible for these credits based solely on the type of conviction they have. Furthermore, the bill creates a complicated system that uses profile-based algorithmic “risk assessment” evaluations to determine eligibility for these vital programs. Once evaluated, individuals are placed into one of three “risk” categories – high, medium, or low. These categories are supposed to determine the likelihood that an individual will recidivate and identify programming needs to assist with rehabilitation. Under the bill, an incentive structure allows those who are determined to be low risk and some who are deemed moderate to earn time credit toward early release to a halfway house or home confinement. However, individuals who are deemed to be high risk and some who are found to be moderate risk would not be eligible for time credits. These limitations will result in a significant number of people in federal prison not benefitting from this prison reform approach. The CORRECTIONS Act will not achieve meaningful reform, provides little-to-no incentive for those who need rehabilitation the most, and heavily relies on the development of a new, untested risk assessment tool.
S. 1994 is Unlikely to Achieve Meaningful Prison Reform.
The CORRECTIONS Act will not reduce mass incarceration or its costs, because most people in federal prison will be ineligible from either earning or using early-release credits for successful completion of rehabilitative programming. S.1994 makes a large number of people in prison ineligible from earning any early-release credits based solely on the nature of their federal conviction or their criminal history score. For example, individuals who have two or more federal convictions or convictions for obstruction of justice among other offenses would not qualify to be awarded early release credits. In fact, over half of those in BOP custody (52.6 percent) would be ineligible for the time credits described in S. 1994, because one or more of the disqualifying provisions would apply to them.[1] The bill's exclusions from earning credit would also likely have a disparate impact on racial minorities. The majority of those deemed ineligible, 61.8 percent, would be people of color (Black 36.4 percent, Hispanic 25.4 percent).[2] In addition, the exclusion of those who are convicted of a federal "crime of violence" would disproportionately exclude Native Americans living on reservations because they are prosecuted in federal court for crimes for which others are prosecuted in state court. Any reforms enacted by Congress should impact a significant number of people in federal prison and reduce racial disparities or they will have little effect on the fiscal and human costs of federal prison.
Moreover, the purported incentives towards rehabilitation are not real or meaningful. S.1994’s earned time credits are not real time off a sentence, but more time in a halfway house, home confinement, or community supervision. This is inadequate. Limited space in halfway houses already reduces the amount of time individuals can spend in halfway houses. Recent closures of residential reentry centers have further exacerbated the problem, making it unlikely that people will be able to use all the “time” they earn under the bill. Additionally, home confinement is rarely used by the Bureau of Prisons and there are limits on the amount of community supervision that can be used to make up the difference. For the incentive structure to be real, earned time credits must equate to an actual reduction in sentence to encourage individuals to engage in rehabilitative programming. Such a real incentive structure would result in fiscal savings. For example, if only one in nine individuals earned 60 days of credit in a year, $100 million in savings would be realized.
Finally, the bill does not include any funding for the recidivism reduction programming it seeks to expand. While the bill does authorize some additional funding,[3] there is currently no guarantee that such funding will ever actually be appropriated. Any positive reform contemplated by the CORRECTIONS Act would rely upon recidivism reduction programming in prison and post-release that simply does not exist nor is there sufficient funding to create. The bill, as drafted, is therefore an empty promise, unlikely to achieve meaningful prison reform and unlikely to reduce crime or rates of mass incarceration.
S. 1994 Provides No Incentive to Those Most in Need of Rehabilitative Programming.
One important aspect of the CORRECTIONS Act is that it relies on the future development of an untested profile-based algorithmic risk assessment evaluation. Assessment instruments can be expensive to design, implement, and validate. Any cost savings would not be seen for over a decade, if ever, since it often takes several years to develop such tools. Even after the risk assessment is developed, it will take three or six years to earn one year of early release. Once individuals are evaluated by the risk assessment, S.1994 will not allow people who are classified as “high risk,” and some classified as “moderate risk,” to earn early-release credits. According to the bill, if a person successfully completes rehabilitative programming and is found to be a “low risk,” they could earn 10 days per month of early release credits, and up to five days for “moderate risk” individuals. Individuals determined to be a “high risk,” who have the greatest need for rehabilitation programming, will not receive credits toward early release. These restrictions result in people who need rehabilitation programming the most left unable to access it. Furthermore, giving early release credits to those who are in the least need of rehabilitative programming and none to those most in need of programming is contrary to evidence-based practices and efforts to increase public safety. The bill would give the maximum incentive to those who are classified as low risk when they enter prison, when it is well-established that practices aimed at reducing recidivism should focus scarce resources on the highest risk individuals. Everyone who will come home someday must be able to participate in programming.
In addition, even if a person was deemed eligible to participate and fully completed rehabilitative and reentry programming, the BOP could still deny them the time credits they had earned.[4] The CORRECTIONS Act gives BOP the authority to unilaterally decide whether an inmate has successfully completed programming, based on a vague standard requiring the inmate to have "realized the criminogenic benefits" of the program. It is unclear how such determinations would be made, and the decision is expressly unreviewable, raising due process concerns.
S. 1994 Uses Risk Assessment Tools in an Unconventional Manner, and These Assessment Tools are Often Unreliable and Exacerbate Racial and Socioeconomic Disparities.
Using a risk assessment system to determine time credits is novel and untested. State correctional systems typically award time credits based on performance and/or disciplinary record, not a risk assessment. Research shows that risk assessments often do not accurately predict risk. One study showed that only 52 percent of those assessed as moderate or high risk by risk assessment tools went on to commit any offense, meaning that almost half of all persons classified as moderate or high risk were actually low risk. Generally, states use risk and needs assessment evaluations to identify programming for people in prison and do not use these tools to award time credits.[5] For example, in Texas risk and needs assessments are conducted at initial intake to identify an individual’s programming needs. Early release credits are awarded based on conduct and performance in prison, not on risk assessments.[6] This approach makes more sense because many programs and jobs have been shown to reduce the rate of recidivism, regardless of an inmate’s risk score or the nature of his conviction.[7]
In addition, risk assessments often heavily rely on static factors (those that cannot change) such as criminal history, family members’ criminal history, and the community in which a person lived before entering the criminal justice system. Dynamic factors (those that can change over time) such as work history, family ties, and pro-social networks are nearly impossible to change while in prison and therefore make it very difficult for a person to lower their risk score during incarceration. Therefore, S.1994 will result in a large number of people in prison unable to earn early release credits from programming by decreasing their risk category. Rehabilitative programs in prison should use a needs-based assessment to identify the criminogenic needs of each individual and develop a program of interventions to address those needs to lower the individual’s risk of recidivating.
Finally, relying on a risk assessment tool for earning time credits could amplify racial disparities and perpetuate other injustices in the criminal justice system. Studies have shown that these tools can produce results that are heavily biased against Black defendants and have a disparate negative impact on African Americans.[8] Risk assessments rely on static factors, including criminal history and age at the time of the offense, and dynamic factors, including work history and educational achievement. Both static and dynamic factors tend to correlate with socioeconomic class and race, and studies show that African Americans are more likely to be misclassified as high risk than White or Hispanic offenders. Therefore, although risk assessments may seem objective or neutral, the data driving many predictive algorithms is profoundly limited and biased. Furthermore, decades of criminology research has shown that such data primarily documents the behavior and decisions of police officers and prosecutors, rather than the individuals or groups that the data is claiming to describe.
S.1994 Omits Key Prison Reforms such as a “Good Time” Credit Fix.
Expand Time Credits for Good Behavior
The federal prison system’s method of calculating earned credit reduces a prisoner’s sentence to a maximum credit of 47 days per year – below the 54 days that Congress intended. This decision results in unnecessary increases in prison sentences at significant cost. By clarifying the statutory language, Congress could save an estimated $41 million in the first year alone. Congress should also quickly implement a new good time credit that can be earned for successful participation in recidivism-reducing programs, such as education or occupational programming.
It is important to note that while reforms to address back end drivers of our prison system are needed, they cannot function as a substitute for front end sentencing reform. Only front-end reforms have the power to significantly stem the tide of incarceration, reduce the exorbitant cost of the prison system, and give redress to those inside who are serving sentences that are disproportionate to the severity of the offense. Any approach that does not include sentencing reform will be insufficient to meet the challenges we face. Our continued progress toward meeting the economic and societal challenges posed by the current system and establishing a fair and more just system depends on a comprehensive approach to reform.
It is up to Congress to continue to advance front end and back end reform designed to improve both federal sentencing laws and the functioning of the federal prison system. If Congress is serious about addressing true prison reform, it will pass legislation that would deal with the conditions of confinement such as reducing the use of solitary confinement, providing adequate medical care to prisoners, and addressing exorbitant prison phone rates. If you have any questions, please feel free to contact Sakira Cook, Senior Counsel at The Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights, at (202) 263-2894 or cook@civilrights.org, or Jesselyn McCurdy, Deputy Director of the American Civil Liberties Union Washington Legislative Office, at (202) 675-2307 or jmccurdy@aclu.org.
The Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights AFL-CIO
African American Ministers In Action
American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee
Asian Pacific American Labor Alliance, AFL-CIO (APALA)
Bend the Arc Jewish Action
CAN-DO Foundation
Center for Law and Social Policy (CLASP)
Center for Popular Democracy
Coalition on Human Needs
Crack Open The Door
CURE (Citizens United for Rehabilitation of Errants)
Equal Justice Society
Faith Action Network - Washington State
Franciscan Action Network
Harm Reduction Coalition
Herd on the Hill
Hip Hop Caucus
Impact Fund
Interfaith Action for Human Rights
JustLeadershipUSA
Law Enforcement Action Partnership
League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC)
Life for Pot
National Action Network
National Association of Human Rights Workers
National Black Justice Coalition
National Council of Churches
National Hispanic Media Coalition
National Immigration Law Center
National LGBTQ Task Force Action Fund
StoptheDrugWar.org
T'ruah: The Rabbinic Call for Human Rights
The Evangelical Lutheran Church in America
The Prison Arts Coalition
TRANScending Barriers
UnidosUS (formerly the National Council of La Raza)
Union for Reform Judaism
United Church of Christ, Justice and WItness Ministries
Washington Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights & Urban Affairs
We Got Us Now
[1] See Analysis S. 1994. United States Sentencing Commission. Available by request.
[3] H.R. 3356, 115th Cong., § 107(a) (2017).
[4] See H.R. 3356. 115th Cong. §105(g)(B)(i) (2017).
[5] See, e.g., Tex. Gov’t Code § 498.002 (classifying inmates’ “time-earning category” based on factors other than risk assessment); R.I. Gen. Laws § 42-56-24 (determining amount of sentence credit based on factors other than risk assessment); Okla. Stat. § 57-138 (same); N.C. Gen. Stat. § 15A-1340.18 (same); Ohio Rev. Code Ann. § 2967.193 (same)
[6] See Tex. Gov’t Code § 508.152(b-1); Texas Dep’t of Criminal Justice, Offender Orientation Handbook 3 (2015), http://www.tdcj.state.tx.us/documents/Offender_Orientation_Handbook_Engl.... All inmates can earn “good conduct” time credits both for “actively engag[ing]” in work and programs, Tex. Gov’t Code § 498.003(a), and for “diligent[ly] participat[ing]” in work and educational/vocational programs, id. § 498.003(d). The number of days inmates can earn ranges from zero to 45 days per month, id., § 498.003(a), (b), (d), and is set by the inmate’s “time earning class,” which is based on the inmate’s “conduct, obedience, and industry,” id. § 498.002. New inmates are placed in the time earning class that earns 35 days per month, and are automatically promoted after six months to the class that earns 40 days per month as long as they have no “major disciplinary cases.” See Tex. Dep’t of Criminal Justice, Good Conduct Time, AD-04.80 (rev. 9), at 1, 4 (2010) (“Tex. Good Conduct Time”); Tex. Dep’t of Criminal Justice, Review Process for Promotion in Time Earning Class, AD-04.81 (rev. 8), at 2 (2010); Texas Dep’t of Criminal Justice, Offender Orientation Handbook 8 (2015); Class, AD-04.81 (rev. 8), at 2 (2010); see also William T. Habern, David P. O’Neil & Debra Bone, Going to Prison in Texas in 2014, at 14 (2014), www.paroletexas.com/articles/GTP2008.pdf. Further promotion to earn the maximum 45 days per month, or subsequent demotion to a lower time earning class or to a non-time earning class, also depends on whether the inmate has a major disciplinary case. See ibid.; see also Texas Dep’t of Criminal Justice, Disciplinary Rules and Procedures for Offenders 21 (2012), http://www.tdcj.state.tx.us/documents/cid/Disciplinary_Rules_and_Procedu....
[7] Statement for the Record of Charles E. Samuels, Jr., Director, Federal Bureau of Prisons, Before the Senate Comm. on the Judiciary, Rising Costs: Restricting Budgets and Crime Prevention Options at 4-6 (Aug. 1, 2012), http://www.justice.gov/ola/testimony/112-2/08-01-12-bop-samuels.pdf; FPI and Vocational Training Works: Post-Release Employment Project (PREP) at http://www.bop.gov/resources/pdfs/prep_summary_05012012.pdf; Federal Bureau of Prisons, UNICOR: Preparing Inmates for Successful Reentry through Job Training, http://www.bop.gov/inmates/custody_and_care/unicor.jsp.
[8] See, e.g., Skeem, J. & Lowenkamp, C. (2015). Risk, Race & Recidivism: Predictive Bias and Disparate Impact. Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2687339.
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10/08/2018 9:22 AM IST | Updated 10/08/2018 10:18 AM IST
Karunanidhi's Legacy: A Portrait Of A Cine Artist As A Radical Politician
In a political career spanning 50 years, the Kalaignar’s devotion to Tamil language and literature irrevocably shaped his state
francis-cody ShortBio
One of a political stalwart M Karunanidhis sand sculpture is seen at the Bay of Bengal Seas eastern coast beach at Puri, 65 km away from the eastern Indian state Odishas capital city Bhubaneswar, on 8 Auguast 2018, as it is creating by sand artist Sudarshan Pattnaik for visitors awareness after his death. (Photo by STR/NurPhoto via Getty Images)
CHENNAI, Tamil Nadu — "07-08-2018 at 6:10 in the evening, two suns set at the same time," said a quickly printed poster plastered onto a van that had just arrived on a sultry Marina Beach in Chennai from southern Tamil Nadu.
The van, featuring pictures of a warmly grinning Karunanidhi and his DMK party's red and black flag, and crepuscular symbol – in normal times figured as a sunrise – had come overnight full of cadre and other supporters to his burial in the capital. Kalaignar, or "Artist" as he was affectionately known, has found his resting place in tens of millions of hearts; and he will be memorialized in stone next to his mentor, Anna, on the beach, after an unseemly attempt by the current Government of Tamil Nadu to deny him his rightful position as a towering leader of the Tamil people.
That the 94-year-old embodiment of Dravidian politics and aesthetics should pass was not wholly unanticipated after over a year of relative seclusion in his home due to ill health. This was already a big change after a lifetime of living in public, and showing up to work at the DMK party office, Anna Arivalayam daily around dawn after writing his daily column, to meet with party members and ordinary people.
Yet his death came, after eleven days of worrying over his recovery from an infection in Kauvery hospital, came as a shock to many.
ALSO READ: From Independence To Emergency, Nehru To Modi, Mandal To Hindutva, The Tamil Leader Saw It All
Karunanidhi was buried the following evening surrounded by family, dignitaries, and a strangely intimate crowd of hundreds of thousands of ordinary admirers. Toward the end of the ceremony the rains began to fall gently over the city, disturbing satellite television coverage of events for some, while providing relief for others.
As some senior journalists said on social media during the dramatic court hearing that would decide where his remains were to be buried, it was Karunanidhi who had turned the iconic avenue along Marina Beach into a row of statues and memorials celebrating the heroes of Tamil history, from the period of Sangam literature, through the independence movement, to his own days of cinematic politics. A humanist in outlook, Kalaignar's devotion to Tamil language and literature has shaped the public life of this state irrevocably.
From the giant statue of the classical poet and sage Thiruvalluvar in Kanyakumari, to the festival-like Tamil conferences sponsored by the DMK and his own renderings of Tamil classics, a linguistic renaissance that began as an intellectual movement in the nineteenth century was made into the stuff of mass culture through his tireless efforts in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries.
It was the oratory of speakers like C.N. Annadurai and Karunanidhi, both fiery and flowery, that brought a classical-sounding literary Tamil to the stages of every city and small town. Audiences everywhere were amazed by the prowess of these wordsmith-politicians.
In his script to the blockbuster film that helped to define the Dravidian style of politics, Parasakti (1952), Kalaigner's court room monologue made a star of the young Shivaji Ganesan, while providing a model for generations of aspiring public speakers. Still unknown, despite his brilliant script, Karunanidhi shot into prominence through his rail mariyal protest the following year, where he lay down on the tracks demanding that the town of Dalmiapuram, so named after the Rajasthani industrialist who had set up a factory there, be called by its Tamil name, Kallakudi. He was a major force in the broader anti-Hindi agitations that helped propel the DMK to power in the 1960s, introduced the invocation to Mother Tamil as the state anthem, and it was in no small part due to his efforts that Tamil was officially recognized as a classical language by the Government of India in 2004.
While still in school, Kalaignar had already begun a career in journalism that would continue until just months before his passing. He started the newspaper, Murasoli (drum beat) when he was only 18 and continued to write in this DMK broadsheet and others until he was physically unable to in the months preceding his death. Like Gandhi, it was in the genre of political and ethical journalism that he thought out loud for everyone to engage with.
At times approaching the fine line that separates artistry from artifice, the prolific Kalaignar wielded words with such skill and humor that even his political detractors appeared to admire him. It was his outsized personality and impassioned commitment to a regional politics based on love of language and equality that led leaders and stars from a range of political positions, with the exception of the AIADMK and the Hindu right, to demand that he be granted a place in the Dravidian pantheon of fallen leaders at Marina Beach.
Karunanidhi also managed to infuriate with his wit.
"Which engineering college did Ram go to?" the old man quipped, when Hindu activists sought to stop his project of building a shipping lane at the Sethusamudram between Rameshwaram and Sri Lanka where Ram is supposed to have built a bridge.
But unlike Periyar, who led the radically atheist charge against caste Hinduism that inspired a young Karunanidhi, the disciple's vision of politics was shaped by a more ecumenical secularism. In an interview conducted while the Supreme Court was hearing the Ram Sethu case, he chose to quote his Anna, saying that "he would neither break Ganesh idols nor break coconuts in offering before gods." When the interviewer followed up, asking which god he believed in, Karunanidhi answered in the simplest possible terms: "My conscience."
Having grown up with a strong sense of the lived reality of caste oppression as a member of the dancer and musician community in the rural Kaveri Delta, Karunanidhi's politics were shaped by the non-Brahmin movement. His demands to be educated as a child despite his stigmatized caste background are the stuff of legend, and his political contributions in the domain of caste reform extend not only to the Tamil country, but to all of India. Tamil Nadu's system of reservations was developed well ahead of efforts elsewhere, achieving 49 percent reservation under the DMK in 1971, and serving as an inspiration for politics in North India and all-India expansion post-Mandal.
To simply note the number of peoples' life trajectories that have been shaped by this policy would be to overlook how powerfully this politics has shaped the state at the level of ideology, where non-Brahmin values have become the norm even as caste continues to define life chances as a whole.
Some elements of Karunanidhi's leadership appear paradoxical. Although perceived as corrupt by many, especially in his second term as Chief Minister (1971-76) and much later in the 2G spectrum scam, there is also a widespread sense that the DMK's model of governance has contributed greatly Tamil Nadu's high standing in social welfare indices. Competitive populism would come to define his relationship to the rival AIADMK, after MGR split with the party and into his nemesis J. Jayalalithaa's era. Sometimes the potlach style of politics reached extremes, as when the DMK distributed free colour television sets following their victory in the 2006 assembly elections. His family's stronghold on media, with his nephews at the center of a broadcast and telecommunications empire, has raised many questions, just as it has enabled Tamil Nadu to be among the most connected states in India.
While the DMK had not managed to curb anti-Dalit violence in the state under Karunanidhi's leadership, at times perhaps even being complicit, the Dalit leader of the VCK, Thol. Thirumavalavan extols the virtues of the only major leader in state whom he says has supported him and the Tamil people as a whole. In many leaders' and ordinary citizens' words of tribute heard on the occasion of his passing, both in public and private, one senses the deep affection mixed with a feeling of debt characterizing his relation the people of Tamil Nadu.
One hundred years after the founding of Dravidianist politics, and just short of celebrating the fiftieth anniversary of his first year in office as Chief Minister, Karunanidhi's legacy appears solidly rooted in every corner of daily life. The basic institution of marriage was re-defined early in his career through the self-respect and inter-caste weddings that were often sponsored by the state. The very image of the red sun rising between black hills that has been integrated into the architecture of homes in villages and small towns across the state is another ubiquitous sign. Less obvious examples of his lasting influence in the built environment are the Uzhavar Santhai program inaugurated in 1999 by the DMK to encourage direct market contact between farmers and consumers, or the Samathuvapuram (Equality Town) villages that dot the landscape, where inter-caste housing and streets were promoted in rural areas for the first time. The concrete used to build these market places and villages might well show signs of cracking, perhaps the result of a shady contract here and there, but the sentiments of equality and social dignity that these institutions embody live on.
Whatever the fate of Kalaignar's party, his person will continue to loom larger than life. That Tamil Nadu's unique trajectory in Indian politics, notable especially in the current climate, has been built in large measure through his tangible efforts is clear. Less apparent, but equally important are the affective relationships, the words, and the ideals that he has bequeathed not only to his followers, but to all in the larger Tamil world and beyond.
Francis Cody is an Associate Professor in the the Department of Anthropology and the Asian Institute at the University of Toronto.
MORE: politics
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January 13, 2020 3:26pm PT by Rick Porter
Rachel Bloom to Play Mother of the Antichrist in Pop TV Comedy
Paul Archuleta/Getty Images
The ViacomCBS cable network has also set a premiere date for 'One Day at a Time.'
Rachel Bloom has found her TV follow-up to Crazy Ex-Girlfriend.
Bloom will executive produce and act in a pilot for Pop TV called Mother Mary. The potential series is a modern-day, comedic spin on the biblical story of Mary. The ViacomCBS cable network has also set a premiere date for One Day at a Time, which it revived after Netflix canceled the critically acclaimed comedy in 2019.
Mother Mary is based on an Upright Citizens Brigade web series (watch a trailer below) from Casey Feigh (What We Do in the Shadows) and Dan Gregor, who was a writer and consulting producer on Crazy Ex-Girlfriend (Feigh also acted in one episode of the CW series). They're writing the pilot with star Betsy Sodaro (Netflix's Disjointed, Comedy Central's Another Period), who developed the character, with Gregor set to direct.
All three will exec produce along with Bloom and Jax Media's Tony Hernandez and Brooke Posch (Pop's Florida Girls, Netflix's Russian Doll). Production on the CBS Television Studios project is set to begin next month.
Mother Mary will explore what happens when the most irresponsible and lazy human on Earth is impregnated by immaculate conception. Sodaro stars as a reimagined version of Mary, and Bloom will appear in the pilot as Christa Anton, the mother of the Antichrist.
"The overall production deal we have with the Devil hasn't born any fruit to date, but when he pitched this show with Rachel Bloom attached, we just couldn't say no," Justin Rosenblatt, executive vp original programming and development at Pop TV, said Monday in a statement. "We think Mother Mary is a clever comedy that offers a lot of life lessons that are filled with heart through smart storytelling imparted through Betsy's hilarious and irreverent sense of humor."
One Day at a Time, meanwhile, is set to begin production next week and premiere on March 24 at 9:30 p.m. ET/PT. The first few episodes will follow Schitt's Creek's final installments; when the latter ends, One Day at a Time will move up to 9 p.m. beginning April 14.
Pop TV's lineup of original series also includes Florida Girls, Flack and the upcoming Best Intentions. The network also airs 1990s and early 2000s TV touchstones ER, Gilmore Girls, Charmed and Beverly Hills, 90210.
Rick Porter
Rick.Porter@THR.com rickporter
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Home>Howie Mandel’s 5 Tips for Dealing with Depression, ADHD & Anxiety
Howie Mandel’s 5 Tips for Dealing with Depression, ADHD & Anxiety
By esperanza Magazine
Take some advice from the comedian, actor and role-model about coping with psychological disorders.
#1 Explore your meditative side
Mandel does this on seven-mile runs, which he says clears his mind. For others, this may mean listening to music or practicing yoga.
#2 Be willing to experiment
“If the first thing doesn’t work, there is another alternative, and if that doesn’t work there is another,” Mandel says. “Managing your symptoms is a lifelong commitment and you need to have open communication with your doctor to let them know how you’re feeling, what’s working and what’s not.”
#3 Seek out support
“No one can handle issues such as depression, anxiety or [phobias] on their own and it’s incredibly isolating,” Mandel says. “I see a therapist and recommend finding a therapist you feel comfortable with, or connecting with a support group where people can help you work through your issues and reinforce that you aren’t alone.”
#4 Be open about your mental health
Mandel also champions being open about mental health. “Your mental health is an organ. It is a sin that mental health is not part of our everyday curriculum,” he told Media Planet. “We should all, from day one, learn to tend to our mental health. You should be open, you should talk. If you can afford it, there should always be a counsellor in your life to give you coping skills.
#5 Don’t forget to laugh
“Laughter is a great bridge,” Mandel says. “It’s been my salvation and has helped me through some hard times and uncomfortable situations.”
Howie Mandel & Depression: No Laughing Matter
Howie Mandel’s 3 Tips To Deal With Depression & OCD
ADHD, anxiety, Depression, Howie Mandel, OCD, phobia
Joe B February 22, 2019 at 11:19 am
Howie…69 yr old guy here and that article was SPOT ON! I mean it’s great to see people like you come out in the open to help what I believe is the biggest problem in the country causing so much harm to people themselves, as well as hurting others(Spend the $$ on Mental health and stop wasting it on Gun control!!!!!!!!!). I won’t go into my story, but I’ve had my problems and been in therepy/some meds off and on for 40 years. I have so much gratitude to God for my success, health and wonderful family, but there are still a few missing parts that we haven’t been able to tackle. Actually some of it is definitely a gene thing for me. But keeping busy is tough at my age, other than watching your re-runs while I exercise :). You’ve had quite a life. Congrats. I just wonder when Washington will get it!!! I wrote a lengthy letter to Patrick Kennedy(hope you read his book-great!!)…He fights the fight in Washington and Califormia everyday. God Bless you, Howie!!
M. November 14, 2018 at 2:41 pm
I don’t think there is help or hope. I’m so tired of fighting this im74. Been like this since im a kid. It ruined everthing except the realatio ships have with my son. He tells me stay in the present moment but what if the present moment hursts so bad. Want to be positive and grateful. It’s just that I am hurting so much aging process hard to stay independent. But I. Do think prayers help. Cause I think everyone is sick of me. And I don’t love myself. So. I’d be happy to die. What else is there
Nay October 11, 2018 at 8:44 am
God bless you from PR. I know how hard it is, but I have three sons that are my life and I’m always thinking of them. My faith, sons, family are the reason of my life. Although, I know it’s not easy. Now, I try to help my friends, people. Still not easy. Blessings!
Anxiety: The Difficult Decision to Make the Invisible, Visible
Opening up about anxiety’s “invisible” influence on your psyche can leave you feeling exposed and vulnerable–but it can also be a vital part of self-acceptance. It is often said that depression, anxiety and other mental health challenges are “invisible” conditions. True. But so are most other health disorders. How would you know the stranger...
The Importance of Work-Life Balance with Depression
Fashion entrepreneur Claire Mazur talks about dealing with depression through running, work-life balance, and meditating, and speaks out on how to break down stigma. Claire Mazur, 34, is co-founder Of a Kind, an online business that sells pieces from emerging fashion designers and tells the designers’ backstories. She has been listed in Forbes’ “30...
Al Levin: Helping Men Face Depression
Denise Mann
After finding support in a group for men with depression, Al Levin brings the truths of male depression to a wider online audience. By Denise Mann, MS Al Levin, MEd, spent most of his career educating others. When depression waylaid him for the first time at age 42, he became the student and sought...
Jessica Holmes Brings Humor to Depression Treatment
The stand-up comic and author of Depression: The Comedy puts a humorous spin on her two-year depression to ease others into discussing mental health. Stand-up comic Jessica Holmes has opened for the likes of Jerry Seinfeld, Ellen DeGeneres, and Oprah, and was a frequent presence on Canadian TV. The mother of two experienced depression after...
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Le Grand Hôtel Cabourg - MGallery by Sofitel
Destinations | Europe | France | Le Grand Hôtel Cabourg - MGallery by Sofitel
Straddling the majestic Norman coastline is Le Grand Hôtel Cabourg - MGallery by Sofitel, a luxury hotel that has been entertaining guests for more than a century. First built during the 1860s, ambitious hoteliers reconstructed the Grand Hôtel in 1907 to serve the town’s flourishing tourist population. Word of the luxurious building spread quickly, attracting many creative people to the hotel. The most famous among them was the world-renowned French author, Marcel Proust. From the time the building reopened until the eve of World War I, Proust was a regular guest. The hotel left a clear impact upon his life. It served as the basis for a fictional seaside resort named the Balbec that appeared in his celebrated, voluminous novel, In Search of Lost Time. Due to the profound influence it left on the author, the French Ministry of Culture registered the Grand Hôtel as a historic monument in 2014. The Grand Hôtel is now part of the Sofitel family of luxury hotels, having joined the company’s esteemed MGallery collection in recent years.
Le Grand Hôtel Cabourg - MGallery by Sofitel offers 71 unique guestrooms and suites that provide visitors with modern comfort and outstanding views. Recently refurbished, every room features a luxurious king-size bed, a high-definition television, and a marvelous bath. Guests can also reserve one of the hotel’s three lavish suites or reenact the life of Marcel Prost by staying in the historically renovated Room 414. Considered one of the finest dining establishments in all of Normandy, Le Balbec at the Grand Hôtel never fails to impress its patrons. La Balbec offers exquisite French cuisine, crafted by its brilliant Head Chef, Jérôme Lebeau. Guests can also sojourn to La Belle Époque for sophisticated cocktails or catch a quick bite to eat at La Plage on the hotel’s private beach. The expert staff at the hotel’s spa can provide a series of comforting physical treatments that are certain to enliven any guest’s spirit. With over 383 square meters of meeting space available, the Grand Hôtel features comfortable accommodations that facilitate a convivial atmosphere.
Cabourg is a popular seaside destination, with thousands of people traveling to the town’s shoreline every year. And the Grand Hôtel can help its guests enjoy a memorable day out at one of Cabourg’s splendid beaches. Guests can rent accessories directly from the hotel, as well as relax along its serene private beach. Local businesses offer a variety of outdoor activities to try, including parasailing, wind-surfing, and canoeing; additional attractions include mini-golf and go-karting. But the town itself possesses many more exciting attractions. Next to the Grand Hôtel is the magnificent Casino de Cabourg, a well-established music venue that has hosted the likes of Edith Pilaf and Charles Aznavour. The Hippodrome de Cabourg is also near the hotel, staging electrifying horse races year-round. Guests can also venture out into the surrounding Pays d’Ague valley to visit the many pastoral medieval villages that dot its landscape. From here, guests can travel to the numerous cultural landmarks scattered throughout the region, such as Dives-sur-Mer, the ancient city of Caen, and the D-Day invasion sites. Only two hours away from Paris, the Grand Hôtel is a wonderful place to start an unforgettable trip.
Le Grand Hôtel Cabourg - MGallery by Sofitel, a member of Historic Hotels Worldwide since 2018, dates back to 1907.
The Grand Hôtel frequently hosted the celebrated French author Marcel Proust between the years of 1907 and 1914. He regularly resided in one room on the fourth floor, Room 414, in which he wrote some of his finest literature.
Historic Hotels Worldwide toll-free reservations number +1 866 670 3764
Jardin du Casino
14390 Cabourg
Adjoining Rooms: Adjoining rooms are available. Please notify request at time of booking.
Age Requirements: No minimum age requirement except for the spa.
Cancellation Policy: Cancellations must be made 72 hours prior to arrival.
Deposit: Varies based on conditions.
Early Check-In/Late Check-Out: Available, depending upon availability.
Extra Person Fees: It depends on the prices conditions and the occupancy rate.
Hotel/Resort Fees & Taxes: There is a €2.50 tourist fee per night.
Parking: Private and closed parking with a valet service is available for €22.
Payment: All forms of payment are accepted. Payment is required at time of booking. Visa, MasterCard, Amex, and Discover are accepted.
Pet Policy: Pets are allowed with a €20 fee.
Smoking Policy: 100% non-smoking property.
Turn of the Century, 1902 ~ 1913
Straddling the majestic Norman coastline is Le Grand Hôtel Cabourg - MGallery by Sofitel, a luxury hotel that has been entertaining guests for more than a century. First built during the 1860s, ambitious hoteliers reconstructed the Grand Hôtel in 1907 to serve the town’s flourishing tourist population.
Learn more about the History of Le Grand Hôtel Cabourg - MGallery by Sofitel .
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>Music
>Little Anthony And The Imperials - HFSID 291380
LITTLE ANTHONY AND THE IMPERIALS - DRUMHEAD SIGNED CO-SIGNED BY: LITTLE ANTHONY AND THE IMPERIALS (ANTHONY GOURDINE), LITTLE ANTHONY AND THE IMPERIALS (CLARENCE COLLINS), LITTLE ANTHONY AND THE IMPERIALS (ERNEST WRIGHT) - HFSID 291380
LITTLE ANTHONY AND THE IMPERIALS: ANTHONY GOURDINE, CLARENCE COLLINS, ERNEST WRIGHT 10-inch ebony Remo drumhead, signed by three founding members of the doo-wop and soul group Drumhead signed:
LITTLE ANTHONY AND THE IMPERIALS: ANTHONY GOURDINE, CLARENCE COLLINS, ERNEST WRIGHT
10-inch ebony Remo drumhead, signed by three founding members of the doo-wop and soul group
Drumhead signed: "Forever/yours/Lil/Anthony", "Peace/Clarence Collins/of the/Imperials" and "Best/Wishes/Ernest Wright/Rock n Roll Hall of Fame 2009-". 10-inch ebony Remo drumhead signed in white ink. Little Anthony of the long-running doo-wop and soul group Little Anthony and the Imperials was ANTHONY GOURDINE. He formed the Chesters in 1957 with CLARENCE COLLINS (baritone), ERNEST WRIGHT (tenor), Tracy Lord (tenor) and Nat Rogers (bass). Harold Jenkins joined in 1972 as a replacement to Sammy Strain, who had been with the group since 1962. After a 1958 one-off with End, the Chesters became the Imperials, with Alan Freed, a DJ at New York's WINS radio, dubbing the youthful-looking Gourdine "Little Anthony". The Imperials hit pay dirt with their first single, 1958's "Tears On My Pillow", which peaked inside the Top Five on both the pop and R&B charts, and they went on release a number of classic hits, including "Shimmy Shimmy Ko-Ko-Bop" (1960), "Goin' Out of My Head" (1964), "Hurts So Bad" (1965) and "Out of Sight, Out of Mind" (1969). Part of Little Anthony and the Imperials' early success rested on Gourdine, whose fresh face recalled those of teen idols like Frankie Avalon, but their longevity (a Collins-led lineup continued recording into the late 1970s) comes from their adapting their sound from doo wop to the sweet soul in vogue during the 1960s. The band reformed in 1992 and continues to tour with Gourdine, Wright, Collins and Jenkins. Little Anthony and the Imperials were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2009, and were featured in the Hall's 25th anniversary concert extravaganza that year. Fine condition.
ANTHONY GOURDINE
CLARENCE COLLINS
ERNEST WRIGHT
LITTLE ANTHONY AND THE IMPERIALS - AUTOGRAPHED SIGNED PHOTOGRAPH WITH CO-SIGNERS - HFSID 283477
LITTLE ANTHONY AND THE IMPERIALS - DRUMHEAD SIGNED WITH CO-SIGNERS - HFSID 293367
LITTLE ANTHONY AND THE IMPERIALS - EPHEMERA SIGNED WITH CO-SIGNERS - HFSID 290095
LITTLE ANTHONY AND THE IMPERIALS (ANTHONY GOURDINE) - ADVERTISEMENT SIGNED WITH CO-SIGNERS - HFSID 301718
LITTLE ANTHONY AND THE IMPERIALS (ANTHONY GOURDINE) - COLLECTION WITH CO-SIGNERS - HFSID 318476
LITTLE ANTHONY AND THE IMPERIALS (ANTHONY GOURDINE) - AUTOGRAPHED SIGNED PHOTOGRAPH - HFSID 294117
PERCY SLEDGE - DRUMHEAD SIGNED WITH CO-SIGNERS - HFSID 271111
THE ALLMAN BROTHERS BAND - DRUMHEAD SIGNED WITH CO-SIGNERS - HFSID 290695
THE THREE TENORS - DRUMHEAD SIGNED 1999 WITH CO-SIGNERS - HFSID 252847
PETER, PAUL & MARY - DRUMHEAD SIGNED WITH CO-SIGNERS - HFSID 258103
PHISH - DRUMHEAD SIGNED WITH CO-SIGNERS - HFSID 265757
Record Albums (270)
Pick Guards (31)
Drumheads (14)
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Home » Ireland 1845 to 1922 » Eamonn de Valera
Eamonn de Valera
Citation: C N Trueman "Eamonn de Valera"
Eamonn de Valera played a key role in Ireland’s recent history. De Valera was one of the leaders in the failed 1916 Easter Uprising. He was also president of Sinn Fein from 1917 to 1926 and was to become prime minister and president of an independent Ireland. Eamonn de Valera was born in 1882 in New York. His mother was Irish and his father was Spanish. Though de Valera was born in America, he was educated in Ireland and became a mathematics lecturer at Maynooth.
De Valera developed a passionate love of Ireland and hated what he considered to be the English domination and control of the island. He joined Sinn Fein and as a battalion commander for the Irish Volunteers fought at Boland’s Hill in the Easter Uprising of 1916. He was captured and put on trial. De Valera was sentenced to death but this was commuted to imprisonment on account of the fact that he was born in America. He served one year in Lewes Prison in Sussex. De Valera returned to Ireland in 1917 and he became president of Sinn Fein. He immediately started to resist the rule of London and as a result he was arrested. De Valera was sent to Lincoln Prison. He escaped from jail in 1919 and went to America. Here he spent a year and a half touring the country in an attempt to raise money for Sinn Fein and what he considered to be the issue of Irish independence. His efforts were very successful and de Valera raised over £1 million for the cause. A lot of this money went into the newly formed Irish Republican Army (IRA – formed in January 1919).
By 1922, Ireland had effective independence but this was not enough for de Valera. He objected to the way Michael Collins had accepted dominion status for the Free State believing that this did not give Ireland true independence. De Valera believed that Collins and all those who had accepted the 1921 agreement had betrayed all those who had died fighting for true independence. There were many who supported de Valera and the newly created Free State descended into civil war that lasted into 1923.
In 1926, de Valera decided that it was in the interests of Ireland to accept the new Irish parliament (the Dáil) and he founded a new political party called Fianna Fáil which served as an opposition party from 1926 to 1932. In 1932, Fianna Fáil was elected to power in a coalition with Labour politicians. De Valera was to remain Ireland’s prime minister for 16 years. During this time he did what he could to totally cut Ireland from any form of British linkage. In June 1937, Ireland introduced a new constitution which introduced a new democratic and sovereign state of Eire. After years of internal turmoil, de Valera kept Eire neutral during World War Two. Fianna Fáil lost the 1948 general election but won the 1951 one. De Valera was returned to the prime minister’s office until 1954. He was prime minister again from 1957 to 1959. In 1959, he stood for and won Eire’s presidential election – an election he won again in 1966. De Valera was the first Irish leader to address America’s Congress (June 1964) and he gained considerable prestige abroad. De Valera retired from politics aged 90 in 1973. He died in 1975.
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Barry Keoghan
The innocent kid in the movie 'Dunkirk'
Irish actor Barry Keoghan's big year was 2017, when he appeared as the innocent kid in Dunkirk and the creepy kid in The Killing of a Sacred Deer. From Dublin's Summerhill district, Keoghan was raised by relatives and foster care and got into acting without experience or formal training. He earned parts on U.K. television and small roles in movies, including '71 (2014) and Traders (2015), before being cast as George in Christopher Nolan's World War II drama, Dunkirk, released in 2017. Later that year, Keoghan appeared opposite Colin Farrell and Nicole Kidman, playing a charming and disturbing young man in Yorgos Lanthimos's The Killing of a Sacred Deer.
Yorgos Lanthimos
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Whiting Petroleum Corp (WLL), and These Six States Tax Retirees the Hardest
Published on April 21, 2013 at 1:00 pm by The Motley Fool in News
Having to deal with paying both federal and state income taxes is bad enough. But when you’re retired and living on a fixed income, having to pay taxes on your Social Security and pension benefits is almost an insult.
The vast majority of states give retirees a break when it comes to their taxes, exempting much or all of their Social Security and pension income. But according to figures from Wolters Kluwer and CCH as well as the Retirement Living Information Center, a small number of states give retirees much more limited tax breaks on their retirement income, generally taxing both Social Security and pension income. Let’s look at six states that hit retirees hard at tax time.
6. North Dakota
North Dakota has generally low tax rates, ranging from 1.51% at the lowest bracket to a maximum of 3.99%. With relatively low sales tax rates of 5% and an average property tax liability of about $1,025 per person, North Dakota’s taxation of retirement income adds only marginally to a reasonable tax burden for retirees. Retirees may also be eligible for a homestead credit against property taxes. Moreover, with energy companies Continental Resources, Inc. (NYSE:CLR), Kodiak Oil & Gas Corp (USA) (NYSE:KOG), and Whiting Petroleum Corp (NYSE:WLL) cashing in on Bakken riches, they’ll be sending more tax revenue into state coffers, potentially allowing the government to give retirees further breaks in the future.
West Virginia generally taxes Social Security to the same extent that it’s includable in federal taxable income, and certain amounts of retirement income are eligible for exclusion depending on filing status. West Virginia has five tax brackets that go from 3% to 6.5%. But with rock-bottom per-capita property taxes of less than $750, the overall tax burden for residents is less than in many other states that tax Social Security and pension income.
4. Nebraska
Like West Virginia, Nebraska treats Social Security as taxable in the same way that federal tax law calculates taxable Social Security income. Nebraska’s four tax brackets range from 2.56% to 6.84%. Property taxes of nearly $1,500 per person put the state in the top third in the country, and a 5.5% sales tax also puts a burden on retirees.
Kodiak Oil & Gas Corp (USA) (KOG): This Company Is Still Growing Strong... Ford Motor Company (F), Toyota Motor Corporation (ADR) (TM): You Might Actually... Continental Resources, Inc. (CLR), Oneok Partners LP (OKS): Buffett Is Crude... Halliburton Company (HAL): The Golden Age of US Energy Needs This Company Do Hedge Funds and Insiders Love Penn West Petroleum Ltd (USA) (PWE)? Warren Buffett News: Goldman Sachs Group Inc (GS) Floats On Berkshire Hathaway...
Continental Resources Inc. (CLR) Kodiak Oil & Gas Corp (KOG) NYSE:CLR NYSE:KOG NYSE:WLL Whiting Petroleum Corp (WLL)
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Biamp scoops Frost & Sullivan award
Biamp was recently recognised by Frost & Sullivan for its work in audio conferencing when it picked up an award at the global analyst firm's 2015 Excellence in Best Practices Awards.
The manufacturer was presented with the 2015 Global Installed Audio Conferencing Enabling Technology Leadership Award on March 10 during an awards event in San Diego, California.
Frost & Sullivan noted Biamp’s commitment to innovation and addressing challenges in the field of audio conferencing and highlighted that the company’s technology complements video conferencing and provides support for existing IT infrastructures.
Other criteria, such as application diversity, customer satisfaction, brand equity, and success in commercialisation also factored in the selection process.
Vaishno Devi, senior research analyst at Frost & Sullivan, said: “The company’s focus on interoperability and industry-leading product development, and its strong partner base, has bolstered its positioning in the industry.”
Change of management at Braehler ICS Konferenztechnik
Yamaha UC scales with Intel Unite
An AI tool that understands emotion in speech can transform communications
Braehler ICS Konferenztechnik’s CEO Christophe Pe...
Sahara Presentations Group has made new hires and...
Crestron is to open two customer-focused faciliti...
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The truths of the circus train crash of 1918 are more horrifying than myths
'I wish I could have died with them,' the clown said
The truths of the circus train crash of 1918 are more horrifying than myths 'I wish I could have died with them,' the clown said Check out this story on IndyStar.com: https://indy.st/2M6h5Vw
Will Higgins, Indianapolis Star Published 4:00 p.m. ET June 20, 2018
The Hagenbeck-Wallace Circus train wreck of June 22, 1918, killed en estimated 86 and injured 127 of the 400 performers and roustabouts aboard the train near Hammond Ind. The circus, one of the largest at the time, was heading to Hammond for a performance when an empty troop train piloted by engineer Alonzo Sargent, who had been previously fired for sleeping on the job, barreled into the circus train from behind at full speed destroying three sleeping cars. Many of those killed in the collision and subsequent fire are buried in a mass grave at Showmen's Rest in Woodlawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill.(Photo: Courtesy of Hammond Public Library)
FOREST PARK, Ill. — The truth about the Showmen's Rest section of Woodlawn Cemetery is violent, heart-wrenching and touching — it needs no embellishing, it's interesting enough.
But that didn't prevent myths from arising over the years. Last month, Steve Gossard, a circus historian with Illinois State University, was busting a few.
For one thing, Gossard said, there are no circus elephants buried in the mass grave here, only circus people.
But there is a mass grave, necessitated by a large and grisly calamity that happened 100 years ago. At dawn on June 22, 1918, an empty passenger train weighing 150 tons barreled into a stopped circus train in Hammond, Ind., killing trapeze artists, bareback riders, a lion tamer, a strongman and a clown's entire family, among dozens of others. But the crash was not the work of German saboteurs, as some people believed due to the U.S. being then at war with Germany. It was simply that an engineer fell asleep at the throttle.
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After a fire broke out, people trapped in the burning wreckage did beg to be put out of their misery, to be spared the agony of burning to death. But there were no mercy killings.
"So many myths," said Gossard, speaking last month to a gathering of self-described "showmen" — women as well as men who worked in circuses and carnivals, or still do.
They'd come to Showmen's Rest from all over the country to mark the centennial of the famous train wreck. They gathered on a Thursday in May, a month ahead of the actual 100th anniversary, because by June the carnival season would be in full swing and they'd be swamped with work.
The crash occurred 30 miles away, in northwest Indiana. Eighty-six employees of the Peru, Ind.-based Hagenbeck-Wallace Circus perished. Many were burned beyond recognition and never identified, which is why so many headstones at Showmen's Rest say "UNKNOWN MALE" and "UNKNOWN FEMALE."
The Hagenbeck-Wallace Circus train disaster of 1918 in photos
The Hagenbeck-Wallace Circus train wreck of June 22, 1918, killed en estimated 86 and injured 127 of the 400 performers and roustabouts aboard the train near Hammond Ind. The circus, one of the largest at the time, was heading to Hammond for a performance when an empty troop train piloted by engineer Alonzo Sargent, who had been previously fired for sleeping on the job, barreled into the circus train from behind at full speed destroying three sleeping cars. Many of those killed in the collision and subsequent fire are buried in a mass grave at Showmen's Rest in Woodlawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill. Courtesy of Hammond Public Library
In this June 1918 photo, many of the deceased who were killed in the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck near Hammond, Ind. are buried at Showman's Rest in Woodlawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill. The Hagenbeck-Wallace circus had just finished two shows in Michigan City, Ind., and was heading to Hammond when an empty train barreled into the circus train on June 22, 1918. (Chicago Tribune via AP) Chicago Tribune, AP
A 1920's era photo captures Joe Coyle, a clown with the Hagenbeck-Wallace Circus. Coyle, his wife Stella, and two sons Howard, 9 and Joe, Jr., 2.5, were aboard the Hagenbeck-Wallace Circus train when an empty troop train plowed into the rear of the circus train carrying performers and roustabouts, killing an estimated 86. Coyle was thrown fro train with minor injuries. His wife and two sons reportedly survived the initial impact which telescoped the wooden sleeping cars, however they remained trapped in the burning wreckage. Reports of the day describe Coyle frantically trying to pull them from the burning wreckage, but was unable to free them before they succumbed to the flames. As Coyle lay on a stretcher he wept bitterly, "I wish I could have died with them." Courtesy of the Miami County Historical Society, Inc.
A 1920's aerial view of the Hagenbeck-Wallace Circus Winter Quarters in Peru Indiana. Today the property houses the International Circus Hall of Fame, located at 3076 Peru Circus Lane, Peru, Ind. Many of the original buildings have been destroyed by fire over the years, but two of the large barns, the corn crib, the The American Circus Cop. General Office, and the home built for Francis Godfroy (1788- 1840), chief of the Miami Indians still stand on the site. Courtesy of the Miami County Historical Society, Inc.
Head elephant trainer Percy Phillips gives the command, and four elephants stand on their hind legs on tubs. Peru was the winter headquarters for several famous circuses, including Great Wallace Shows, Hagenbeck-Wallace, and John Robinson. This photo is one of a series taken at the Wallace winter quarters soon after the Wallace and Hagenbeck titles were combined in 1907. Gale H. Ream of Peru, still an amateur photographer at the time, would eventually own his own photo gallery business on East 6th Street. Provided by Indiana Historical Society
In November 1891, circus proprietor Benjamin E. Wallace purchased the farm of Gabriel Godfroy at the confluence of the Wabash and Mississinewa Rivers. The United States government originally allotted the 220 acres to Miami Chief Francis Godfroy in 1826. In the hands of Wallace, the farm became winter quarters to the Great Wallace Shows (later Hagenbeck-Wallace and the American Circus Corporation). Large ornamental gates with brass hinges left no doubt as to the farm's new owner. The house seen here was built by the Godfroys. Provided by Indiana Historical Society
A crowd has gathered for the afternoon performance of the Hagenbeck-Wallace Circus. A talker tries to entice patrons to buy a ticket to the sideshow at left, which includes famous cornetist and bandleader P. G. Lowery. The main entrance at right leads into the menagerie tent and the big top. Provided by Indiana Historical Society
A young man stands atop an elephant killed in the Great Easter flood of 1913 outside the home of Col. Benjamin E. Wallace, at the Hagenbeck-Wallace Circus winter quarters. The winter quarters were located just a mile above the confluence of the Wabash and Mississinewa rivers. As the water rose quickly, workers and animals were trapped in the winter quarters. The hooved animals were released in hopes that they would find higher ground. Elephant trainer John Worden and his three assistants dove underwater with hammers to release the elephants trapped in the barn from their leg shackles. Wooden himself began to drown but was saved by an elephant named Nellie. Although released the elephants feared the weather and refused to leave their trainers who had taken shelter in the foreman's house. Reports from historians describe the elephants beating on the walls of the house trying to get into the home. Ultimately five elephants perished in the rising waters, but four others including Nellie survived along with George the hippo and nine polar bears. Eleven people were killed in the flood and the town of Peru never fully recovered. The drowned elephants were skinned for umbrella stands. Photo courtesy of the French Lick West Baden Museum
A crowd has formed on the midway of the Hagenbeck-Wallace show to watch a short performance designed to entice them to purchase tickets to the sideshow. A banner advertising the famous jazz cornetist and bandleader P. G. Lowery is seen at right. Lowery joined the Wallace show in 1905. In August of 1907 the Indianapolis Freeman wrote, "That Lowery and his band will draw lovers of good music was a self-evident fact... Lowery manages to get astonishing effects from his instrumentalists. They owe their conception to his vivid imagination, and their execution to a marvelously well-drilled number of bandsmen." Provided by Indiana Historical Society
A group of six women stand in front of the brick elephant barn at the Wallace winter quarters near Peru, Indiana. Notice that there is an elephant lying on the ground behind them. Peru was the winter headquarters for several famous circuses, including Great Wallace Shows (later Hagenbeck-Wallace), John Robinson, and Sells-Floto. Provided by Indiana Historical Society
Ten-horse hitch of horses wearing plumes and ornamental Wallace trappings is pictured pulling a wagon on a dirt path in Peru, Indiana. The Great Wallace Shows (later Hagenbeck-Wallace) had its winter quarters in Peru and was the main rival of the Ringling brothers. Provided by Indiana Historical Society
Head elephant trainer Percy Phillips and an unidentified man stand atop an elephant laying on its side outside of the brick elephant barn. Peru was the winter headquarters for several famous circuses, including Great Wallace Shows, Hagenbeck-Wallace, and John Robinson. This photo is one of a series taken at the Wallace winter quarters soon after the Wallace and Hagenbeck titles were combined. West & Stevens was a stationery, wallpaper, and book store in downtown Peru that may have commissioned this photo for sale as a postcard. Provided by Indiana Historical Society
A line of zebras and zebra hybrids are paraded past the Benjamin E. Wallace home in downtown Peru, Indiana during a light rain. Hagenbeck-Wallace, owned by Wallace, was a major rival of both the Ringling Brothers Circus and the Barnum & Bailey show, which had yet to be combined. Provided by Indiana Historical Society
In November 1891, circus proprietor Benjamin E. Wallace purchased the farm of Gabriel Godfroy at the confluence of the Wabash and Mississinewa Rivers. The farm then became winter quarters to the Great Wallace Shows (later Hagenbeck-Wallace and the American Circus Corporation). Large ornamental gates left no doubt as to the farm's new owner. This view of the farm, taken from the road, shows the front gate, brick elephant barn, camel barn, and cat barn. The upper story of the cat barn (the building with the skylights at center) held monkeys and exotic birds. Provided by Indiana Historical Society
A wagon, possibly a snake den, is pulled by a team of six black horses through downtown Peru during the free street parade of Hagenbeck-Wallace Circus. Hagenbeck-Wallace was owned by Peru local Benjamin E. Wallace. Provided by Indiana Historical Society
Springdale was one of several farms owned by circus proprietor Benjamin E. Wallace on the road from Peru to the winter quarters of the Great Wallace Shows (later Hagenbeck-Wallace). Wallace had all of his buildings painted Colonial Yellow, and all the fences along the road to winter quarters painted white. Large ornamental gates with brass hinges at each farm left no doubt as to the farm's owner. A newspaper story from 1903 said "it is like driving through a park to go to circus quarters." Provided by Indiana Historical Society
The winter quarters of the Hagenbeck-Wallace Circus is seen under a blanket of snow. The quarters was located on the former Godfroy farm at the confluence of the Wabash and Mississinewa Rivers near Peru, Indiana. The octagonal building at right was the ring barn, where equestrian acts could be practiced in the winter. Provided by Indiana Historical Society
An eight-horse hitch with plumes and ornamental Wallace trappings is shown lining up for parade. The Great Wallace Shows (later Hagenbeck-Wallace) had its winter quarters in Peru and was the main rival of the Ringling brothers. Provided by Indiana Historical Society
Camels, llamas, alpacas, horses, zebras, and all the various bovines were sometimes known as "hay burners" on the circus. Peru was the winter headquarters for several famous circuses, including Great Wallace Shows (later Hagenbeck-Wallace), John Robinson, and Sells-Floto. Provided by Indiana Historical Society
"At noon bodies were still being hauled from the mass," The Indianapolis Star reported two days after the crash. "It was impossible to say that the things taken from the burning wreckage were human beings."
The remembrance ceremony the other day lasted two hours and had 11 speakers, mostly showmen such as Jeffrey Blomsness, a veteran manager of carnival midways based in Farmland, Ind. Such work "is not a job, it's a calling," Blomsness said before repeating one (of several) of John B. Warren's most cherished statements: "No showmen need ever go to a pauper's grave."
At the time of the train crash, Warren was president of the Showmen's League of America, a sort of fraternal organization for circus and carnival workers founded in Chicago in 1913. It was Warren's idea, just months before the crash, to have the S.L.A. purchase the cemetery plot that came to be known as Showmen's Rest.
Al Slaggert, a promoter of demolition derbies throughout the U.S. and Canada and a member of the Michigan Association of Fairs & Exhibitions Hall of Fame, emceed the goings-on. He too quoted Warren: "We take care of our own."
The audience, about four dozen people from a range of showmen backgrounds, sat in folding chairs at the edge of the grave site. They were protected from a bright sun by the shade of an oak tree large enough to have been around when the grave was dug.
The grave site is unusual in that it contains the remains of 56 of the crash victims, each in its own coffin, but consists of just one hole. It's a big hole, 35 feet by 24 feet and five feet deep.
Showman's Rest commemorates Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train disaster
Ron Vedder, president of Vedder Brother Circus, attends the Showmen's League of America special commemoration of the 100th anniversary of Showman's Rest and tribute service to the circus performers who perished in the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918 at Wood Lawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. Behind Vedder is the Sig Sautelle Band Chariot believed to be the last clamshell band wagon left in existence. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
Grave markers reading 'unknown male' cover the Showman's Rest mass grave in Wood Lawn Cemetery located in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. Members of The Showmen's League of America gathered for a special commemoration of the 100th anniversary of Showman's Rest and tribute service to the circus performers who perished in the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918. Showman's Rest was purchased just months before the circus train wreck of 1918. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
A grave marker reads 'Baldy' at Showman's Rest mass grave in Wood Lawn Cemetery located in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. Many of the estimated 86 performers buried in the mass grave for those killed in the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918 were unable to be identified or were only known by stage names or their job. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
Members of The Showmen's League of America gather for a broken wheel ceremony during a special commemoration of the 100th anniversary of Showman's Rest and tribute service to the circus performers who perished in the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918 at Wood Lawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. The broken wheel with a spray of flowers is a tradition in the circus or carnival industry. The broken spoke represents the deceased, while the remaining spokes represent the living. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
A grave monument with the name Magid, sits behind the mass grave at Showman's Rest in Wood Lawn Cemetery located in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. On this day members of The Showmen's League of America gathered for a special commemoration of the 100th anniversary of Showman's Rest and tribute service to the circus performers who perished in the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
Curator of Circus Collections at Illinois State University, Steve Gossard, holds a copy of "No Performances Today" by Warren A. Reeder Jr., at Wood Lawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill. on Thursday, May 5, 2018. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
A stone bench commemorates the establishment of the Showmen's League of America in 1913 in Showman's Rest at Wood Lawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. On this day members of The Showmen's League of America gathered for a special commemoration of the 100th anniversary of Showman's Rest and tribute service to the circus performers who perished in the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918 Showman's Rest was purchased just months before the circus train wreck of 1918. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
National Director for the Carnival Ministry of the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops, Father John Vakulskas Jr., speaks during a special commemoration of the 100th anniversary of Showman's Rest and tribute to the circus performers who perished in the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918, at Wood Lawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. Showman's Rest was purchased just months before the circus train wreck of 1918. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
A member of the Showmen's League of America wears an elephant necklace during a special commemoration of the 100th anniversary of Showman's Rest and tribute service to the circus performers who perished in the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918 at Wood Lawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. Showman's Rest was purchased just months before the circus train wreck of 1918. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
Ron Vedder, president of Vedder Brother Circus, attends a special Showmen's League of America commemoration ceremony of the 100th anniversary of Showman's Rest and tribute service to the circus performers who perished in the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918 at Wood Lawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. Showman's Rest was purchased just months before the circus train wreck of 1918. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
Five stone elephants with their trunks lowered in mourning mark Showman's Rest at Wood Lawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. Showman's Rest contains the mass grave of the estimated 86 circus performers who perished in the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
Phil Tomber, president of the Rio Syrup Company Inc., attends the Showmen's League of America commemoration of the 100th anniversary of Showman's Rest and tribute service to the circus performers who perished in the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918 at Wood Lawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. Since 1940, Rio Syrup Company has been producing syrups, extracts and concentrates for shaved ice, slush mixes and soda fountain drinks. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
Coins and other remembrances were laid on the newly refurbished Showmen's League of America monument for Showman's Rest at Wood Lawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. Showman's Rest contains the mass grave of the estimated 86 circus performers who perished in the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
From left, Mary Kay Dunwoody, wife of Circus Historian Thomas J. Dunwoody, Peter Gorman, Circus Hall of Fame board member, and Rick Haney, Showman's League of America cemetery chairman, gather around a monument in memory of Thomas J. Dunwoody, unveiled during a 100th-anniversary ceremony at Showman's Rest, which commemorated the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918 at Wood Lawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. An estimated 86 individuals were killed when a troop train ran a signal and crashed into the rear of the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train in Hammond Indiana, trapping the survivors in the wreckage when then caught fire. Many of those laid to rest in the mass grave at Showman's Rest were unrecognizable, unnamed, or unclaimed. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
A grave marker reads '4 Horse Driver' at Showman's Rest mass grave in Wood Lawn Cemetery located in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. Many of the estimated 86 performers buried in the mass grave for those killed in the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918 were unable to be identified or were only known by stage names or their job. Members of The Showmen's League of America gathered for a special commemoration of the 100th anniversary of Showman's Rest and tribute service to the circus performers who perished in the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918. Showman's Rest was purchased just months before the circus train wreck of 1918. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
A ceramic clown is placed at the grave of 'Joseph A. Galvan, son of Jo Jo', at Showman's Rest in Wood Lawn Cemetery located in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
Members of The Showmen's League of America gather for the unveiling of a monument, in memory of Circus Historian Thomas J. Dunwoody, unveiled during a 100th-anniversary ceremony at Showman's Rest which commemorated the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918 at Wood Lawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
A plot maintained by The Showmen's League of America was erected in memory of the departed showmen and women who lie in Showman's Rest at Wood Lawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
Kreig A. Adkins, author of "Images of America, Peru, Circus Capitol of the World" holds his book at Wood Lawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. On this day Members of The Showmen's League of America gathered for a special commemoration of the 100th anniversary of Showman's Rest and tribute service to the circus performers who perished in the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
The Naperville Municipal Band performs circus tunes to begin a special Showmen's League of America commemoration of the 100th anniversary of Showman's Rest and tribute service to the circus performers who perished in the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918 at Wood Lawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
Circus Hall of Fame volunteer Bob Cline attends a special Showmen's League of America commemoration ceremony of the 100th anniversary of Showman's Rest and tribute service to the circus performers who perished in the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918 at Wood Lawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. Showman's Rest was purchased just months before the circus train wreck of 1918. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
Five stone elephants with their trunks lowered in mourning mark Showman's Rest at Wood Lawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
Patty Drabing, West Baden Museum director, attends The Showmen's League of America special commemoration of the 100th anniversary of Showman's Rest and tribute service at Wood Lawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
Chris Brake and his mother Drs. Hilda (Jean) Brake attend the Showmen's League of America special commemoration of the 100th anniversary of Showman's Rest and tribute service to the circus performers who perished in the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918 at Wood Lawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. Chris also spent 30 years as a Chicago Public School teacher. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
One of many grave markers read 'unknown male' at the Showman's Rest mass grave in Wood Lawn Cemetery located in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. Members of The Showmen's League of America gathered for a special commemoration of the 100th anniversary of Showman's Rest and tribute service to the circus performers who perished in the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
Nicholas Slaggert performs Taps during a special The Showmen's League of America commemoration of the 100th anniversary of Showman's Rest and tribute service to the circus performers who perished in the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918 at Wood Lawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. Showman's Rest was purchased just months before the circus train wreck of 1918. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
Peter Gorman, Circus Hall of Fame board member, left, and Mary Kay Dunwoody, wife of Circus Historian Thomas J. Dunwoody, attend the 100th-anniversary ceremony at Showman's Rest which commemorated the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918 at Wood Lawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
Kreig A. Adkins, author of "Images of America, Peru, Circus Capitol of the World", left, signs a book for Charles Williams, a producer and director with PRL Productions LLC, at Wood Lawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
Event emcee Alfred 'Al' Slaggert speaks during a special commemoration of the 100th anniversary of Showman's Rest and tribute service to the circus performers who perished in the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918 at Wood Lawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
Circus Hall of Fame board member Dom Yodice attends a special Showmen's League of America commemoration ceremony of the 100th anniversary of Showman's Rest and tribute service to the circus performers who perished in the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918 at Wood Lawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
Remembrance rocks lay on the grave of Rudy Horn in on Thursday, May 5, 2018. On this day members of The Showmen's League of America gathered for a special commemoration of the 100th anniversary of Showman's Rest and tribute service to the circus performers who perished in the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918 at Wood Lawn Cemetery in Forest Park Ill. Showman's Rest was purchased just months before the circus train wreck of 1918. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
National Director for the Carnival Ministry of the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops, Father John Vakulskas Jr., attends a special commemoration of the 100th anniversary of Showman's Rest and tribute to the circus performers who perished in the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918, at Wood Lawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
Charles Williams, a producer and director with PRL Productions LLC, attends the Showmen's League of America special commemoration of the 100th anniversary of Showman's Rest and tribute service to the circus performers who perished in the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918 at Wood Lawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. Williams is currently working on a documentary about the disaster due to release in October of 2018. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
Past president of the Showmen's League of America, Jeff Blomsness, speaks during a special commemoration of the 100th anniversary of Showman's Rest and tribute service to the circus performers who perished in the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918 at Wood Lawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
Members of The Showmen's League of America, board members for the International Circus Hall of Fame, and volunteers pose for photos around the Sig Sautelle Band Chariot at Wood Lawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill., on Thursday, May 5, 2018. It is believed to be the last clamshell band wagon left in existence. On this day the wagon was part of a special Showmen's League Of America commemoration of the 100th anniversary of Showman's Rest and tribute service to the circus performers who perished in the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
International Circus Hall of Fame board members and volunteers load the Sig Sautelle Band Chariot for its journey from Wood Lawn Cemetery in Forest Park, Ill., back to Peru, Ind. on Thursday, May 5, 2018. It is believed to be the last clamshell wagon left in existence. On this day the wagon was part of a special Showmen's League Of America commemoration of the 100th anniversary of Showman's Rest and tribute service to the circus performers who perished in the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus train wreck of 1918. Michelle Pemberton/IndyStar
Each of the 56 has a headstone. The ones marked "UNKNOWN" jump out. "They didn't have I.D. for a lot of the people," said Bob Cline, who handles social media for the S.L.A. and is retired from eating fire and lying on beds of nails for Ringling Bros. (The key to not getting punctured by nails, Cline said, is to relax your muscles — if you're tight, your skin loses its give.)
Slaggert pointed out there was no DNA testing 100 years ago, nor even social security numbers. Patty Drabing, who as executive director of the French Lick West Baden Museum organized the museum's upcoming commemoration of the train crash (June 23, noon to 4 p.m., food trucks, bounce house), said that "with the roustabouts, these were often people who literally 'ran off and joined the circus.' They might have only been there a few weeks, and their names might never have been known."
In two cases, it appears that at least their nicknames were known. One headstone says "Baldy" and another says "Smiley." Another headstone suggests the survivors didn't know the person's name but at least knew their job. "4 Horse Driver," it says.
In 1918, three clergymen officiated at the funeral, a Catholic priest, a Baptist minister and the "Reverend Colonel" F.J. Owens, chaplain, Showmen's League of America. Fifteen hundred mourners attended the funeral, according to Richard Lytle's 2010 book, "The Great Circus Train Wreck of 1918," including a clown named "Big Joe" Coyle.
Coyle would have been in his mid-30s. He survived the train crash with minor injuries. His wife Stella and sons Howard, 9, and Joe Jr., 2, were with him on the train. Coyle was thrown free of the wreckage in the crash. His wife and children also survived the impact, but were pinned beneath debris.
A 1920's aerial view of the Hagenbeck-Wallace Circus Winter Quarters in Peru Indiana. Today the property houses the International Circus Hall of Fame, located at 3076 Peru Circus Lane, Peru, Ind. Many of the original buildings have been destroyed by fire over the years, but two of the large barns, the corn crib, the The American Circus Cop. General Office, and the home built for Francis Godfroy (1788- 1840), chief of the Miami Indians still stand on the site. (Photo: Courtesy of the Miami County Historical Society, Inc.)
Train cars in 1918 were made mostly of wood. Immediately after the crash, the wood, mangled and splintered, caught fire.
Some victims who, like the Coyles, survived the impact only to be trapped as the flames approached, begged the stymied rescuers to shoot them, according to press reports, but there were no reports of shootings.
Instead, the Star reported, the rescuers "were compelled to stand by helpless and hysterical as they listened to the agonized screams of human beings slowly burned to death."
Coyle did not stand by helpless but instead, "in spite of his injuries, labored hysterically to extricate" his wife and children, said a wire service report published in the Belvedere (Ill.) Daily Republican the day after the crash, "until he was dragged away by rescuers."
As the trapped Coyles burned to death, Joe Coyle lay on a stretcher, wept bitterly and said: "I wish I could have died with them."
On June 25, 1918, the Hagenbeck-Wallace Circus, reconfigured but with many of the same performers who just three days earlier had lived through the crash, resumed business as usual. The circus traveled by rail to Beloit, Wis., where the show went on.
"Forced mirth under the big top was courage and necessity," wrote a correspondent for The Indianapolis News. "One's work is one's work. If it happens that this work is to make the kiddies laugh and clap, why, then, one must make the kiddies laugh and clap."
Big Joe Coyle did not make the trip to Wisconsin. But his life went on. A history website called Region Rambler reports that in 1922 he managed a vaudeville show called George White's Scandals. (The Three Stooges got their start there).
Coyle later returned to clowning under the name Koko the Clown, working mostly the Chicago area. He worked as a clown into the mid-1950s at children's parties and retail stores.
Coyle died in 1960. The location of his grave could not be determined.
Contact Star writer Will Higgins at (317) 444-6043. Follow him on Twitter @WillRHiggins.
Read or Share this story: https://indy.st/2M6h5Vw
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Joseph P. Kennedy
Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy
Joseph P. Kennedy Jr.
R. Sargent Shriver
Patricia Kennedy Lawford
Ethel Skakel Kennedy
Jean Kennedy Smith
Stephen E. Smith
Edward M. Kennedy
Victoria Reggie Kennedy
Rosemary Kennedy, born Rose Marie Kennedy on September 13, 1918, was the third child and eldest daughter of Joseph and Rose Kennedy. She was slower to crawl, slower to walk and to speak than her brothers, and she experienced learning difficulties when she reached school age. Despite her apparent intellectual disabilities, Rosemary participated in most family activities. In the diary she kept as a teenager she described people she met, dances and concerts she attended, and a visit to the Roosevelt White House. When her father was appointed US Ambassador to Britain in 1938, Rosemary went to live in London and was presented at court along with her mother and sister Kathleen.
But when the family returned to the United States in 1940, “Rosemary was not making progress but seemed instead to be going backward,” as her sister Eunice later wrote. “At 22, she was becoming increasingly irritable and difficult.” The following year, after being persuaded that a lobotomy would help to calm his daughter and prevent her sometimes violent mood swings, Joseph Kennedy authorized the operation. The relatively new procedure, which at the time seemed to hold great promise, left Rosemary permanently incapacitated and unable to care for herself. On the recommendation of Archbishop Cushing, Rosemary was sent to St. Coletta’s School for Exceptional Children in Jefferson, Wisconsin, where she would live for the rest of her life.
Eunice Kennedy Shriver had a particularly close relationship with her older sister, and great empathy for Rosemary and others who faced similar challenges. In 1962, Mrs. Shriver started a summer day camp in her own back yard for children and adults with intellectual disabilities, a camp which evolved into Special Olympics, now a global competition that involves 1.4 million athletes from 150 countries.
Rosemary Kennedy died on January 7, 2005 at age 86. Eunice Shriver said in her eulogy that Rosemary had left a legacy that was long and deep. Along with inspiring Mrs. Shriver’s own work with Special Olympics, Rosemary had inspired her brother, President John F. Kennedy, to initiate sweeping legislation designed to improve the quality of life for Americans with disabilities. She had inspired her sister Jean Kennedy Smith to start Very Special Arts and her nephew, Anthony Shriver, to start Best Buddies. Hospitals, schools and other such facilities around the world have been named in honor of Rosemary Kennedy.
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Broken Hearted I’ll Wander videos
The brilliant Kate Rusby sings Broken Hearted I’ll Wander.
Lyrics and chords
Broken Hearted I’ll Wander lyrics and chords
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Home » EDITORIAL COMMENTS: Vocabulary management 101
EDITORIAL COMMENTS: Vocabulary management 101
Have you noticed how safety departments aren't the only ones in industry implored to "talk management's language"?
For instance, here's A. Blanton Godfrey urging on quality managers in a 1998 Quality Digest article:
"During the past few years, I have been amazed at how often quality directors and managers I meet have no idea how to communicate with their senior management teams. They continue to complain about how their CEOs or presidents can't understand the importance of having senior management leadership in quality."
Doesn't that sound familiar?
And from the annals of industrial maintenance: "Sometimes getting things started with maintenance thermography seems impossible. How can management be convinced to make investments? How do you get others to buy into this technology?
Explains a consulting firm: "(The maintenance department) took their early 'finds' to management with a no nonsense plan for investing in solving the problems they had identified. . . By talking management's language of returns on investments, and by doing their homework, they got management's attention. Management then gave them the money, personnel and time needed to get the job done."
Knowledge gap
It's the same challenge for departments scattered all over the organization chart. Here's how one safety pro sums it up: "My personal/professional opinion is that there are too few seriously committed execs, principally due to ignorance and a mindset as a result of schooling and experience. Business schools pay little attention to the importance of safety, human relations and morale."
So if many execs don't come by the safety/quality/maintenance/human resources/fill-in-your-pet-project mindset naturally, how do you get them to take on the leadership role?
Of course this is the $64,000-question that has been dissected in how-to books, insider articles, and lectures from consultants, coaches, and corporate pros for eons. Put yourself in your boss's shoes. Align yourself. James E. Lukaszewski put it this way in a 1989 article in Communication World: "You must be able to think like the boss. If you can't. . . it's unlikely you'll be successful."
But success doesn't just come to those who can talk their way past big, heavy office doors and imagine themselves sitting in the comfy swivel chair. There's more to it than that. Especially when you're putting on the table something as touchy and delicate as a safety, health or environmental issue. A leaking roof or quality defects won't make an exec squirm. But safety, health and enviro problems have a way of putting people on the defensive. "What do you mean I don't care?" is the implication.
"Aligning" yourself with the boss means more than memorizing sales figures from the annual report and dumbing down your technical jargon. We all could use a course in "vocabulary management" for the real world. And part of managing one's vocabulary to win project approvals and influence execs is not what you say - it's what you don't say.
One time I ventured into a division president's office to try to convince him that his division should join ours for a company-wide awards luncheon. I gave him my short spiel. It would be good for morale, build a sense of community, bridge the traditional gap between the two divisions. All the touchy-feely stuff they don't dwell on in biz school. Sorry, but there just wasn't an ROI argument to be made for this lunch.
The president looked at me with all the interest of someone watching a first grade piano recital. After, oh, maybe 30 seconds I got the hook. "We're not going to do it." But. . . "I'm not interested." But wasn't this the same fellow who proclaimed at a company meeting that our two divisions would walk hand-in-hand down the path to a bright new future? Doesn't matter. He was reaching to make a phone call. This discussion was finished.
I could've reminded him of his earlier promise, using his own lofty rhetoric. "But remember when you said. . ." No, I get annoyed when my own kids use that one. Could I have pressed on, trying to sell him? Sure, but what was at stake? It was only a luncheon, after all, that would still go on with or without him. We weren't discussing corporate practices that could get someone killed.
"Talking management's language" includes things like performing a quick risk assessment in your head over the prospects of continuing to press your case. What are the costs, what are the benefits? It's good to have some background about the manager on the other side of the spotless desk, too. This particular division president came from the "Don't-waste-my-time-but-laugh-at-my-jokes" school of management. It also helps to have some kind of rapport. Did he trust me? Did I have credibility with him? No, we had no previous dealings; I was from another division.
All these considerations go into how you manage your vocabulary when trying to sell a budget, an initiative, an idea. "Talking management's language" actually covers a lot of non-verbal ground.
So in the spirit of the no-nonsense, get-to-the-point management mindset, here are some suggestions: Don't pretend. Be efficient. Come prepared. Edit thyself. Don't gossip. 'Fess up. Don't whine. Get over it. Don't brag. Check thy ego.
- Dave Johnson, Editor
EDITORIAL COMMENTS: Managing stress
EDITORIAL COMMENTS: Bill Belichick's leadership problem
EDITORIAL COMMENTS: Are we irrelevant or what?
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Rangers Lotto
T&C, disclaimer & comment moderation
Stevie stunner - less than half of Rangers fans agree with it...
Last night a distinctly unexpected story arose with the claims Rangers are seeking to secure Sheyi Ojo on a permanent deal.
To say this was a surprise is indeed putting it mildly, given how divisive the young winger has been so far. It’s safe to say he’s not a universally popular attacker, and Ibrox Noise wanted to know just how our readers feel about him.
Did they want him permanently, did they trust Steven Gerrard’s judgement on this one, or is this a player they just don’t want having a future at Ibrox.
The answer was significant. The majority did say yes to a permanent signing, but it was by no means a stunning number. 48% want Ojo in our colours permanently, while 27% didn’t and 25% weren’t sure.
So, 52% of fans either don’t want this signing or aren’t convinced yet.
It’s a strange story all right, and by no means as popular as the capture of Ryan Kent.
But if it does happen, and goes the same way as Kent, few will argue with that.
Posted by Ibroxnoise.co.uk at 07:30
Labels: Ibrox, Rangers, Sheyi Ojo, Steven Gerrard
ScotsWhaHae 15 October 2019 at 07:57
As someone who "wasn't sure", you are reading this wrong. You could equally say that only 27% do not want him.
The truth is that 48% want him and 27% don't want him. 25%, including me, think that it is too soon to make a decision. Although not too soon to talk to Liverpool and see what their price and thoughts might be.
Let's make a decision in about 4 months. having said that, SG and his team see the player every day, we don't. So they are in a better place to know. I think he shows more promise than Kent did this time last year.
SteveShevlin 16 October 2019 at 20:50
Exactly on the reading of the stats. So two thirds of voters want him signed rather than not.
alanc 15 October 2019 at 09:11
It certainly looks like Stevie rates Ojo, and whilst he can be frustrating and unreliable there is no disputing that he has made a contribution with goals and assists.
Whether there is any truth in the rumour, who knows. But IF Stevie fancies signing him, then it would make sense to try and get it done sooner, rather than waiting until his price escalates if his performances improve along the lines of the Ryan Kent scenario.
StephenMcA 16 October 2019 at 02:13
This is where social blogging or media fails. There is never a time allowed to impress or fail. Every new player has to hit 10s every game. Personally....no....i think he needs challenged. Has he skill? Yes. But we are a team.
By commenting on this article on Ibroxnoise.co.uk, you confirm you have read and understood the site terms, conditions, and moderation parameters (provided on the home page) of doing so.
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Freeway Management > Lane Management > High-Occupancy Vehicle Facilities
View By Application
Sensors detecting the traffic conditions support the use of dynamic message signs and moveable barriers (e.g., gates) to control the operation of HOV facilities.
The cost to evaluate ICM using AMS tools was estimated at five percent of the deployment budget.(12/01/2016)
Agencies that manage multimodal transportation corridors can use AMS methodology with ICM decision support systems to facilitate predictive, real-time, and scenario-based decision-making.(12/01/2016)
In San Diego, ICM improves mobility for most commuters on I-15 saving them more than 1,400 person hours each day during peak commute periods.(12/01/2016)
Gross toll revenue of the I-10 ExpressLanes was $8,918,985 and I-110 ExpressLanes was $18,704,961 in the first 16 months of HOT lane operation.(08/31/2015)
The conversion of HOV to HOT lanes in Los Angeles increased vehicle throughput on I-10 and I-110, however, fuel consumption increased at an estimated cost of $104,566,154 with increased VMT.(08/31/2015)
Deployment of HOT lanes on I-10 and I-110 in Los Angeles was projected to provide transit riders a travel time benefit of $9,186,074 over a 10-year period.(08/31/2015)
The conversion of HOV to HOT lanes in Los Angeles increased vehicle throughput on I-10 and I-110, however, net emissions increased by 26 to 82 percent and by 6 to 21 percent, respectively as VMT increased.(08/31/2015)
Survey of HOT lane toll transponder holders found deployment of HOT lanes did not change carpooling habits of 66 percent of respondents; 65 percent of respondents who drove alone continued to do so.(08/31/2015)
Deployment of HOT lanes reduced travel times by 10 minutes during A.M. peak and 19 minutes during P.M. peak.(07/14/2015)
HOV to HOT lane conversions can improve travel times and travel time reliability in Express Lanes although impacts on general purpose lanes are mixed.(05/01/2015)
HOT lane conversion improved travel times during peak periods and influenced 49 percent of new I-85 Xpress bus riders to start using transit.(03/21/2014)
HOV to HOT Lane conversion results in 22 percent reduction in annual vehicle hours of delay.(06/01/2013)
Benefits from an initial HOT lanes deployment in Minneapolis St. Paul were maintained in the long term, while a system expansion resulted in fewer benefits, but at a much cheaper cost.(April 2013)
Conversion of HOV facilities to HOT facilities finds a benefit-cost ratio of 2.19, with benefits primarily derived from improved safety.(02/01/2012)
The conversion of HOV to HOT lanes on I-394 reduced mainline crashes by 5.3 percent.(23-27 January 2011)
Operating costs of Mileage-based user fee programs can be as low as 7 percent of total system revenue and are more cost-effective than many other types of variable pricing systems.(2011)
Integrated Corridor Management (ICM) on the I-15 Corridor in San Diego yielded an estimated benefit-to-cost ratio of 9.7:1.(September 2010)
Integrated Corridor Management (ICM) strategies that promote integration among freeways, arterials, and transit systems can help balance traffic flow and enhance corridor performance; simulation models indicate benefit-to-cost ratios for combined strategies range from 7:1 to 25:1.(2009)
In Minneapolis, converting HOV to HOT lanes with dynamic pricing increased peak period throughput by 9 to 33 percent.(August 2008)
The delay reduction benefits of improved incident management in the Greater Houston area saved motorists approximately $8,440,000 annually. (7 February 1997)
The proposed cost to program, configure, and integrate CMS devices and CCTV cameras into a TOC communications network in California ranged from $45,000 to $52,000.(04/04/2016)
The proposed cost to test the function of a CMS and CCTV camera system integrated into a TOC communications network in California ranged from $18,000 to $21,000.(04/04/2016)
Transit improvements, carpooling campaign, and HOV to HOT conversion demonstration project cost $70,460,779 for capital and $55,896,725 for ongoing maintenance.(03/21/2014)
Capital costs of HOV conversion to HOT lanes total $8,716,000 with annual operating costs beginning at $1,294,922.(02/01/2012)
Between 2003 and 2007, annual operating costs and revenues at 15 tolling agencies averaged $85.825 million and $265.753 million, respectively.(2011)
The total 10-year project cost of implementing Integrated Corridor Management (ICM) strategies on the U.S. 75 Corridor in Dallas, Texas is estimated at $13.6 million with annualized costs of $1.62 million per year.(September 2010)
Planning-level studies indicate that an effective combination of ICM strategies can be implemented for $7.5 Million per year (annualized capital and O&M).(September 2008)
The cost to convert two reversible high-occupancy vehicle lanes on an eight-mile stretch of the Interstate-15 in San Diego to high-occupancy toll lanes was $1.85 million. Evidence also suggests that costs to build new high-occupancy toll lanes are substantially higher, but financially feasible.(Spring 2000)
Omnidirectional Antenna - Capital cost/unit - $5917.79(2013)
Wireless Repeater - Capital cost/unit - $5917.79(2013)
Fiber Optic Splice - Capital cost/unit - $5917.79(2013)
GBIC Transceiver - Capital cost/unit - $5917.79(2013)
Wireless Transceiver - Capital cost/unit - $5917.79(2013)
Ethernet Switch - Capital cost/unit - $5917.79(2013)
Network Switch - Capital cost/unit - $5917.79(2013)
Requiring HOT lane users to be subject to visual inspection systems can help quantify and limit the number of occupancy violators in managed lanes.(07/14/2015)
Future ICM systems will require new technical skill sets. Involve management across multiple levels to help agencies understand each other’s needs, capabilities, and priorities.(06/30/2015)
Continue to promote carpooling and transit services during an incremental deployment of Express Toll lanes.(03/21/2014)
Use Analysis, Modeling, and Simulation (AMS) to identify gaps, determine constraints, and invest in the best combination of Integrated Corridor Management (ICM) strategies.(September 2008)
Consider the appropriateness of different lane management strategies.(November, 2004)
Engage in comprehensive planning and coordination of managed lanes projects.(November, 2004)
Engage in active management of managed lanes projects.(November, 2004)
Enable and enforce managed lane facilities using various ITS tools.(January 2003)
Ensure that privatization agreements for the management of toll lanes retain the right for the public agency to improve upon or build transportation facilities that may potentially compete with the privatized toll lanes.(December 2000)
Strengthen public acceptance of congestion-based pricing of express lanes by preserving the option to use free lanes, maintaining good levels of service, and prioritizing safety.(December 2000)
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Home Platforms Ramon Magsaysay, Jr. and His Platforms
Ramon Magsaysay, Jr. and His Platforms
Ramon Magsaysay, Jr., senatorial candidate for 2013 - Team PNoy, Liberal Party
Born Ramon Banzon Magsaysay, Jr in 1938 in Manila, he is the son of former President Ramon Magsaysay and Luz Banzon. Ramon Magsaysay, Jr. is currently married to Marie Louise Kahn and has two children, Francisco and Maragarita, from his first marriage.
Ramon Magsaysay, Jr. was 15 when his father assumed Presidency and 18 when his father died in a plane crash in Cebu. Magsaysay holds a degree in Mechanical Engineering which he acquired from De La Salle University. He also attended Harvard School of Business Administration in Boston and New York University Graduate School of Business Administration as part of his post-graduate studies.
Ramon Magsaysay, Jr. first worked as a trainee engineer at Procter and Gamble in the Philippines, also serving as a supervising engineer at Caltex from 1961 to 1962. In 1966 he served as Congressman for Zambales and was considered to be the youngest Congressman elected to the lower house, at 27.
Ramon Magsaysay, Jr. served 4 years before returning to work in the private sector in roles such as Company President, Company vice president and Chairman of the board. After failing to attain the role of Vice President in the 1992 elections, he was voted into the senate in 1995 and re-elected in the 2001 elections.
Platforms/Advocacy of Ramon Magsaysay, Jr.
Justice, Opportunities, Security and Business are the cornerstones of Magsaysay’s 2013 agenda. Ramon Magsaysay, Jr. is promoting such agendas such as transparency and accountability in all forms of work, ensuring people know their rights and freedoms, provision of health, opportunity, education and safety to the citizens. He also advocates business prosperity, wishing to ensure the long term economic future of the country and provide more chances for business to boom in the country.
profile of senatorial candidate
ramon magsaysay jr
senatorial candidate
senatorial candidate 2013
senatorial candidate platforms
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5 fun facts about April Fools' Day
Alice Coyle, WickedLocal
It’s a day of sanctioned pranks and gags, jests and jokes and hoaxes. Dating back hundreds of years and recognized in countries all over the world, April Fools’ Day (a.k.a. All Fools’ Day) gives credible media sources an excuse to produce “fake news” and radio DJs permission to hoodwink their loyal listeners.
5 of the biggest April Fools' Day pranks of all time
Whether it’s strategically placed whoopee cushions, or elaborately concocted tall tales told to trick others, April Fools’ Day jokers mark the day on their calendar annually, so beware April 1 or be fooled. Here are five fun facts about this foolish holiday.
Foolish origins. Some historians believe that April Fools’ Day began in France, and was connected to Pope Gregory XIII’s adoption of the Gregorian calendar, which moved New Year’s Day from April 1 to January 1. April Fools’ may have originated because those who celebrated on January 1 made fun of the foolish folks who continued to celebrate it on other dates.
When in Rome. April Fools’ may also be tied to the ancient Roman Festival of Hilaria – also know as Roman Laughing Day – when citizens would celebrate the vernal equinox and honor the Anatolian Earth Goddess with a day of jokes.
Literary references. Geoffrey Chaucer made the earliest recorded reference to April Fools’ Day in the “Canterbury Tales” (“The Nun’s Priest’s Tale”) in 1392. Another literary reference to the day comes from the French poet Eloy d’Amerval, who in 1508 referred to a poisson d’avril (April fool, literally “Fish of April.” In 1539, Flemish poet Eduard de Dene wrote of a nobleman who sent his servants on foolish errands on April 1 and in 1686, John Aubrey made the first British reference to the holiday as “Fooles holy day.” American author Mark Twain said this of April Fools’ Day in his novel “Pudd’nhead Wilson” published in 1894: “This is the day upon which we are reminded of what we are on the other three hundred and sixty-four.”
Something’s fishy here. In Italy, France, Belgium, The Netherlands, and French-speaking areas of Switzerland and Canada, the April Fools’ Day tradition is referred to as “April fish” (poissons d’avril in French, aprilvis in Dutch or pesce d’aprile in Italian). On April 1, pranksters would try to stick a paper fish (like a “kick me” sign) to someone’s back without being noticed. The act is featured on French April Fools’ Day postcards from the late 19th and early 20th century. False newspaper stories published on April 1 would sometimes include a fish reference as a clue.
April Fools’ Day celebrated. The Museum of Hoaxes established in 1997 is dedicated to exploring deception, mischief, and misinformation throughout history, playing host to a variety of humbugs and hoodwinks — from ancient fakery all the way up to modern schemes, dupes, and dodges that circulate online. In its Gallery of April Fool’s Day hoaxes the museum pays special tribute to April 1 — a day devoted to pranks and practical jokes. Check out the top 100 April Fool’s hoaxes of all time — including pitching phenom Sidd Finch #9, The Taco Liberty Bell #7, and the legendary Swiss Spaghetti Harvest #1 — at http://hoaxes.org/aprilfool/.
Sources: https://en.wikipedia.org/ http://thepioneerwoman.com, and http://hoaxes.org/
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Waterford Garden Trail launches Summer Events Series 2014
Waterford Garden Trail members gathered to announce their Summer events programme for 2014 at the now re-opened Mount Congreve Gardens in Waterford, Ireland.
The extensive Mount Congreve gardens were bequeathed to the Irish nation by the late Mr. Ambrose Congreve when he passed away in 2011. The gardens have recently re-opened much to the delight of the public. The 110 acres of rolling pastures and woodland at Mount Congreve boasts one of the biggest collections of rhododendrons in the world and certainly the biggest in Europe. On May 11th fans of the stunning Mount Congreve Gardens will have the opportunity to gain an insider knowledge from the Curator Michael White. He will host a talk and tour at Dromana House and Garden near Cappoquin in County Waterford on ‘Planting for all the seasons’ in addition to a talk on ‘Companion planting’.
Getting the Summer event series off to an exciting start on May 2nd at Lismore Castle Gardens is an illustrated talk by renowned Historian and Arborist Thomas Packenham. Thomas is the author of several prize-winning books including ‘Meeting with Remarkable Trees’ and ‘Remarkable Trees of the World’. He is also Chair of the Irish Tree Society and has travelled to all the corners of the world in pursuit of rare trees and plants.
On May 3rd gardening fans can enjoy a tour at the five acre garden at Tourin House, Cappoquin. The garden was laid out in the 1800’s by Richard Beamish who was part owner of the famous Beamish and Crawford Brewery in Cork. The tour and lecture will be hosted by guest of the Waterford Garden Trail Seamus O’Brien who is Curator of Kilmacurragh Gardens and Billy Alexander of Kells Bay Nursery Co.Kerry.
On Sunday, May 4th Medicinal Herbalist at the Lismore Clinic, Anne Marie O’Reilly, will take guests foraging for culinary and medicinal herbs at Dromana gardens and woodland followed by a practical demonstration on making some simple remedies. Anne-Marie is a member of the National Institute of Medicinal Herbalists in the UK, and formerly served on the council of the Irish Institute of Medicinal Herbalists, of which she is still a member. She has taught Herbal Sciences at CIT, and has provided clinical training for students.
Speaking at the launch of the Waterford Garden Trail Summer series Kristin Jameson of Tourin House and Gardens said, “We are delighted to launch this exciting programme. There are a huge variety of events for all tastes and interests from Coastal Gardening visits to an event with Bird Watch Ireland for a dawn chorus at Cappoquin House, foraging for medicinal herbs, and a painting workshop. There is something for everyone, including family outings to the Blackwater Garden Centre. All of the events take place at one of the fifteen different Waterford Garden Trail venues, which are varied garden attractions rich in heritage. This trail of events is an accompaniment to our Waterford Garden Trail guide and it will appeal to garden enthusiasts and nature-lovers alike.”
A host of twelve events in total make up the Summer Events Series 2014. A major part of the Waterford Garden Trail’s summer events series is its new Charity Garden cluster days. Throughout the summer months, in different parts of Co Waterford, clusters of small gardens, not usually open to visitors will open their gates for one day only. The Waterford Garden Trail is delighted to announce that the beneficiary of this initiative will be the Waterford branch of The Alzheimer’s Society.
Details of these events are available on the Waterford Garden Trail website www.waterfordgardentrail.com
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J. David Mayberry
607 14th Street, NW Suite 900, Washington, DC USA 20005
dmayberry@kilpatricktownsend.com
David Mayberry specializes in trademark, unfair competition and false advertising litigation. He has appeared in courtrooms across the country, including jury and bench trials, handled preliminary injunction and summary judgment motions, and argued numerous appeals. Mr. Mayberry also has handled arbitrations in trademark cases, as well as proceedings before the Trademark Trial and Appeal Board. He currently is co-chair of the firm's 100-lawyer Trademark & Copyright Team.
According to Chambers USA, Mr. Mayberry is a “go to for trademark litigation,” solutions-oriented” and “always seeks a practical outcome for the business in the framework of the law.”
Mr. Mayberry has been listed in Chambers as a Leading Lawyer for Business for Intellectual Property: Trademarks, Copyrights and Trade Secrets each year since 2010. He was rated Band 1 in 2017.
According to World Trademark Review, Mr. Mayberry is “is sure-footed in the courtroom. The industrious trial lawyer also knows the ins and outs of arbitration and mediation, and is able to devise innovative solutions to disputes.” He “garners the most effusive praise of almost any ranked practitioner for his sensitivity, grasp of nuance and reasoned negotiation style.”
Mr. Mayberry has been ranked in the WTR 1000 each year since 2013.
Other recognition includes:
-Top 100 Washington, D.C. Super Lawyer" by Super Lawyers magazine.
-Named by Best Lawyers in America® in 2018, 2019 and 2020 for Franchise Law.
-Named to Legal 500 US in the area of Trademark Litigation.
-2018 International Who’s Who of Business Lawyers for Franchise Law.
-AV® rated by Martindale-Hubbell.
Mr. Mayberry has experience in hospitality, food & beverage, retail, fashion, apparel and banking industries.
Mr. Mayberry is a member of the bars of New York, Virginia, North Carolina and the District of Columbia.
Mr. Mayberry builds effective client service teams. For every engagement, he strives to leverage the collective experience of Kilpatrick Townsend's more than 100 person trademark team to bring the right combination of resources to bear to achieve client success in a timely and cost-effective manner.
Lead counsel for Original Appalachian Artworks, Inc. against infringement claims by former licensee for breach of an exclusive license agreement that sought to remove our client’s iconic CABBAGE PATCH KIDS brand from the market for the holiday season. Defeated a preliminary injunction and then arbitrated the dispute. Arbitrator’s award of no breach of contract, and award of unpaid royalties and attorney’s fees confirmed by District Court and affirmed by Eleventh Circuit. JAKKS Pacific, Inc. v. Original Appalachian Artworks, Inc. 718 Fed. Appx. 776 (11th Cir. 2017).
Lead IP counsel for fashion designer Tory Burch, LLC in suit in Delaware Chancery Court alleging that director competed unfairly against the company by launching a knockoff version of the TORY BURCH brand created with company’s confidential information and in violation of fiduciary duties and contractual obligations. J. Christopher Burch v. Tory Burch et al., No. 7921-CS (Del. Ch., C.A., filed Nov. 5, 2012).
Lead counsel for Ikea U.S., Inc. in trademark infringement action to prevent IKEA fan site from publishing advertising for competing retailers on website; argued successfully for dismissal of anti-trust trademark tying and breach of contract claims. Ikeafans, Inc. v. Ikea U.S., Inc., No. 1:14-cv-00584 (E.D. Va. filed May 20, 2014).
Lead counsel for Sara Lee Corporation in trademark infringement action that LEG LOOKS infringed L’EGGS trademark; injunctive relief recommended; Fourth Circuit upheld recommendation reversing District Court and remanding case with instructions to enter a permanent injunction. Sara Lee Corp. v. Kayser-Roth Corp., 81 F.3d 455 (4th Cir. 1996).
Lead counsel for Hormel Foods Corporation in action to enforce covenant not to compete; successfully argued for preliminary injunction entered; recovered $2.5 million settlement. Anson v. Hormel Healthlabs, Inc., No. 1:04-CV-1463 (E.D. Va. filed December 6, 2004).
Defended Pepsi-Cola bottler in criminal antitrust price-fixing action. Jury verdict of acquittal. United States of America v. Pepsi-Cola Bottling Co., No. A-CR-90-54, (W.D.N.C 1990).
Lead counsel for Hard Rock Cafe, International. Defended trade dress claim that lobby design for new REVERB hotel infringed plaintiff’ trade dress. Red Lion Hotels Corporation v. Hard Rock Café International (USA), Inc., Civil Action No. 1:17-cv-05252( S.D.N.Y filed July 7, 2017).
Lead counsel for Marriott International, Inc. in trademark infringement action claiming all-suite hotel’s use of “Arlington Resident Court” infringed plaintiff’s rights in RESIDENCE INN service mark and associated logos. Marriott Int’l Inc. v. Sunburst Corp., No. 07-859 (E.D. Va. filed Apr. 29, 2008).
Lead counsel for Opposer in Trademark Trial and Appeal Board proceeding. Following trial, Board sustained opposition to register BALL PARK for beer due to likelihood of confusion with registered mark BALL PARK for franks). Hygrade Food Products Corp. v. CRB Co., Opp. No. 103,744 (T.T.A.B., slip op. August 4, 1999).
Lead counsel for franchisor against holdover franchisee in trademark infringement action; summary judgment granted finding likelihood of confusion and defeating laches defense; permanent and permanent injunction entered. Putt-Putt, LLC v. Constant Friendship, LLC, 936 F. Supp.2d 648 (D. Md. 2013).
Lead counsel for moving franchisor against competing franchisor. Advanced novel theory of constructive notice to enforce right of first refusal to purchase trademark; defeated motion to dismiss. Two Men and A Truck International, Inc. v. David Underwood, et. al.Civ. Action No. 1-11-cv-598 (E.D. Va. filed June 1, 2011).
Kilpatrick Townsend Receives Top Rankings from 2019 Legal 500 US
Kilpatrick Townsend Attorneys Named 2019 Managing Intellectual Property IP Stars
Twenty-Two Kilpatrick Townsend Attorneys Recognized in 2019 Washington, D.C. Super Lawyers
Kilpatrick Townsend Achieves Top-Tier Recognition from Chambers USA 2019
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Law, J.D. (1985) with high honors
University of North Carolina, B.A., Arts and Laws (1983) Phi Beta Kappa
Supreme Court of North Carolina (1985)
U.S. District Court for the Middle District of North Carolina (1987)
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit (1989)
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit (1992)
U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan (1996)
U.S. District Court for the Western District of North Carolina (2000)
Supreme Court of Virginia (2001)
U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of North Carolina (2002)
U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia (2002)
District of Columbia Court of Appeals (2003)
U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia (2004)
U.S. District Court for the Western District of Virginia (2005)
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (2009)
U.S. Court of Federal Claims (2009)
Supreme Court of New York, Appellate Division, Third Judicial Department (2015)
American Bar Association, Intellectual Property Section, Forum on Franchising, Member
American Inns of Court
District of Columbia Bar Association, Intellectual Property Law Section, Member
International Trademark Association, Member, Advanced TTAB Practice Forum, Past Chair
North Carolina Bar Association, Intellectual Property Section, Member
Virginia Bar Association, Intellectual Property Law Section, Member
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Light, Atomic Clocks, and Testing Einstein’s Assumptions
Dr. John L. Hall - JILA, University of Colorado and NIST - Nobel Laureate in Physics, 2005
5:00 P.M. Lecture
4:30 P.M. Refreshments
Lees-Kubota Hall - Guggenheim Building, California Institute of Technology
Even though this is the 55th year of the Laser, progress in its control and application in precision measurements is still accelerating. The Optical Frequency Comb technology exploded in 1999-2000 from the synthesis of advances in independent fields of Laser Stabilization, UltraFast Lasers, and NonLinear Optical Fibers, enabling a thousand-fold advance in optical frequency measurement, and searches (in the 17th digit) for time-variation of physical "constants". Several Optical Frequency Standards now have far better performance than the well-established Cs clock that defines Time in the SI (Metric System) measurement system. But adopting a new “Atomic Clock” to “tick out the Seconds” will be daunting - in many ways. Current advances in ultra-precise locking are also making possible stable optical frequencies defined by length and the speed of light, as well as by locking lasers to the resonant frequency of atoms. These two “clocks” represent our current prototypes of the clocks postulated by Einstein in 1905 in formulating the theory of Special Relativity, which now should be testable into the 18th decimal in a proposed Space-based experiment now being planned by our international Space-Time Asymmetry Research collaboration (STAR). An improvement in the modulation strategy may allow unexpectedly good frequency standard performance in a compact device, and so be useful on earth as well.
Speaker's Biography:
Dr. John L. Hall was raised in Colorado and earned his PhD in 1961 at Carnegie Tech (Pittsburgh PA). At NBS, Hall pioneered the use of stabilized lasers to accomplish measurements of unprecedented accuracy and intrinsic physical interest. He introduced the methane/HeNe stabilized laser and, with his NBS team, used it to measure accurately the speed of light. In collaboration with other National Metrology Institutes (NPL, PTB, NRC and NMIJ) the SI Meter was re-defined in 1983. His group has stabilized various tunable lasers (even diode lasers) to sub-Hz linewidths. He showed how fiber noise could be actively suppressed to deliver phase-stable light at a distant site. His group pioneered the “Optical Comb” techniques which allow simple and direct measurement of optical frequencies. For these works he was awarded the 2005 Nobel Prize in Physics, jointly with Prof. Hänsch of Munich and Prof. Glauber of Harvard. He has received numerous other peer-generated awards, has more than 235 refereed publications, and holds 11 US patents. He has been thesis sponsor for 15 PhD students, co-advisor for 50 more, and his laboratory has hosted more than 150 Postdoctoral, Professional, and Visiting Faculty colleagues from all over the world.
Lecture Location:
Lees-Kubota Hall,
Guggenheim Building,
California Institute of Technology,
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Top Dem: Trump did interfere with Russia probe
Updated: 9:15 PM CDT May 11, 2017
By Jason Squitieri
Rep. Adam Schiff
Acting FBI Director Andrew McCabe said President Donald Trump hasn't made any effort to impede the investigation into possible ties between his campaign and Russia -- but a top House Democrat disagrees. "I don't think you can say so categorically he's made no effort to interfere," Rep. Adam Schiff, the top Democrat on the House Intelligence Committee, said in an interview with CNN's "Erin Burnett Outfront" Thursday night. "I think that the firing was all about the Russia investigation," he continued. "So I'm certain that what Mr. McCabe said may be true in the sense that the President isn't calling line agents who are working on the investigation or, in other very ham-handed ways, trying to interfere with the day-to-day operation of the investigation." "But nonetheless, he fired the top cop on that investigation, and I think no one believes this was about Hillary Clinton's emails, I think it was all about the Russia case," Schiff said. Trump told NBC on Thursday that he wanted the FBI's investigation into Russia's election meddling to be "absolutely done properly," and said Comey's firing might "lengthen out the investigation." White House deputy press secretary Sarah Huckabee Sanders suggested earlier that it could hasten the agency's investigation. "We want this to come to its conclusion, we want it to come to its conclusion with integrity," she said, referring to the FBI's probe into Moscow's interference in last year's election. "And we think that we've actually, by removing Director Comey, taken steps to make that happen." Schiff was also skeptical Thursday about Trump's statement that he fired Comey because the FBI was in turmoil and that Comey was a "showboat" and "grandstander." "I don't think anyone finds that credible, and certainly not after getting a completely different explanation yesterday or the day before," Schiff said, adding that the "shifting" stories by the Trump administration enhance the need for Congress to do a thorough investigation and ensure the FBI has the independence and resources it needs for its investigations. "I do think we need to learn more about the circumstances that led to the director's firing," Schiff said, adding that many of Trump's actions as President "have been really quite inexplicable." CNN's Kevin Liptak contributed to this report.
Acting FBI Director Andrew McCabe said President Donald Trump hasn't made any effort to impede the investigation into possible ties between his campaign and Russia -- but a top House Democrat disagrees.
New acting FBI director contradicts White House on Comey
Americans split along party lines on firing of FBI director
"I don't think you can say so categorically he's made no effort to interfere," Rep. Adam Schiff, the top Democrat on the House Intelligence Committee, said in an interview with CNN's "Erin Burnett Outfront" Thursday night.
"I think that the firing was all about the Russia investigation," he continued. "So I'm certain that what Mr. McCabe said may be true in the sense that the President isn't calling line agents who are working on the investigation or, in other very ham-handed ways, trying to interfere with the day-to-day operation of the investigation."
"But nonetheless, he fired the top cop on that investigation, and I think no one believes this was about Hillary Clinton's emails, I think it was all about the Russia case," Schiff said.
Trump told NBC on Thursday that he wanted the FBI's investigation into Russia's election meddling to be "absolutely done properly," and said Comey's firing might "lengthen out the investigation." White House deputy press secretary Sarah Huckabee Sanders suggested earlier that it could hasten the agency's investigation.
"We want this to come to its conclusion, we want it to come to its conclusion with integrity," she said, referring to the FBI's probe into Moscow's interference in last year's election. "And we think that we've actually, by removing Director Comey, taken steps to make that happen."
Schiff was also skeptical Thursday about Trump's statement that he fired Comey because the FBI was in turmoil and that Comey was a "showboat" and "grandstander."
"I don't think anyone finds that credible, and certainly not after getting a completely different explanation yesterday or the day before," Schiff said, adding that the "shifting" stories by the Trump administration enhance the need for Congress to do a thorough investigation and ensure the FBI has the independence and resources it needs for its investigations.
"I do think we need to learn more about the circumstances that led to the director's firing," Schiff said, adding that many of Trump's actions as President "have been really quite inexplicable."
CNN's Kevin Liptak contributed to this report.
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California's Budget Blues Get Deeper
California's Budget Blues Get Deeper | KCET
Brian Doherty is a senior editor at Reason magazine and Reason.com. He is author of three books This is Burning Man (2004, Little, Brown; paperback BenBella, 2006) and Radicals for Capitalism: A History of the Modern American Libertarian Movement (PublicAffairs, 2007), and Gun Control on Trial (Cato Institute, 2008).
In a little more than month, the state of California lost over $6 billion in ground on its latest budget. With the deficit now thought to be $25.4 billion, Gov. Schwarzenegger calls a special session of the legislature to start on December 6.
Some Assembly Democrats think this is a political gimmick--what's changed in the 5 weeks since they last approved a budget that could make things better?--and their biggest priority is something that would make the deficit bigger, not smaller--reversing a Schwarzenegger line item veto of $256 million worth of day care.
Some of the details of the bad budget news, from the L.A. Times:
California faces a $25.4-billion deficit -- far larger than state officials were projecting only days ago -- the state's chief budget analyst said...[because of] billions of dollars in phantom savings approved by Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger and legislators last month, more budget restrictions passed by voters last week and predictions of a "painfully slow economic recovery," ...
In addition, more than $8 billion in temporary sales, car and income taxes are set to expire in the coming year, and the federal stimulus program that has helped prop up schools, healthcare for the poor and other state programs also will soon disappear.....
The predicted $25.4-billion deficit is the equivalent of about 29% of this year's general fund budget....
And guess what? Republicans respond by promising no taxes, and Dems ferociously defend spending. The state won't see 2007-08 level tax revenues until 2015-16 based on current economic projections. And even this scary new deficit projection has some rosy thinking built in: "They assume no cost-of-living adjustments and that California will win all pending lawsuits against the state."
Results of some of this year's initiative votes complicated the state's budget situation as well:
Voters widened the deficits last week by approving two measures that constrain legislators' ability to assess fees on businesses and to take funds from local governments. Combined, the measures unravel $800 million in savings this year and up to $1 billion annually in the future...
For just one example of how and why California's government's money situation is so bleak down the line, see this report from the American Spectator on teachers pensions here.
The California State Teachers Retirement System (CalSTRS) assumes that its portfolio will increase in value by eight percent a year, three points higher than the 20-year compound annual growth rate for the S&P 500 stock index. To meet those return rates, CalSTRS has spent the past three decades pouring money into an array of hedge fund and other risky investments, including purchasing minority stakes in private-equity firms and real estate deals that haven't exactly panned out.
But these days, CalSTRS can no longer keep up the ruse. Thanks to an (official) $23 billion pension deficit, billions more in investment losses (including $43 billion in the 2008-2009 year alone), and embarrassing reports about its unrealistic investment expectations, it is preparing to reduce its expected annual rate of return to a barely less-inflated 7.5 percent. The state government and districts will have pony up $5 billion more a year just to meet the growing payouts to the pension's dependents. By the way, CalSTRS' request comes just as news came out that it paid $1 million in bonuses to its top officials -- including $116,604 to its chief investment officer.
Past City of Angles blogging on our state's budget mess.
Image taken by Flickr user Steve Rhodes. Used under user Creative Commons license.
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Amethyst The Purple Quartz
One of the most valuable semi-precious stones, amethyst is well-recognised for its beautiful violet and purple colours and has been used in jewellery since long. A sober purple variant of quartz stones, it is perhaps the most valuable stone in the quartz family. It is the birthstone for February month and is considered lucky for couples celebrating their 6th wedding anniversary.
Historically, amethysts were much rare than they are today. But then large deposits were found, which made these stones quite attainable. Being rare, amethysts were once considered extremely precious alongside emeralds, rubies and sapphires. Until the 18th century, these precious stones were reserved for the royalty. You can find amethyst in the British Crown Jewels and even in the Swedish Crown collection. In past times and even today, amethyst are a favourite stone within the Christian Church and are worn happily by priests and officials in rings. Saint Valentine also wore an amethyst ring with the image of Cupid.
Amethysts are found in many places but the best ones come from Brazil, Uruguay and Zambia. Depending on the location, these miraculously beautiful stones can appear quite distinct. For example, the top Uruguayan amethyst is a highly saturated gemstone in strong blue-purple colour, while a Siberian amethyst possesses red tones, making it a strong reddish-purple in colour.
The name ‘amethyst’ comes from the Greek work ‘Amethystos’, which means ‘not intoxicated’. According to Greek mythology, it is believed that amethyst was named after a beautiful princess ‘Diana’, who was desired by a drunken king. Because of this, wearing an amethyst can be of great help in overcoming alcohol addiction.
Amethysts are available in a wide variety of shapes such as emerald cut, round cut and square cut. Most women love wearing an amethyst in a beautiful ring. If you are an amethyst lover or are attracted to this purple stone, prefer buying an amethyst from a reputed gemstone trader like the KGK Group. This is to ensure the authenticity of the gemstone. Get the maximum quality and value for money at the KGK Group.
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HOME > Business > Real Estate
Coming up: Top 10 tallest buildings in the world
Ismail Al Hammadi/dubai
The Burj Khalifa comprises 163 floors and was completed in 2010.
Saudi Arabia’s Jeddah Tower will be the planet’s first building to top a kilometre in height.
The Dubai One tower in Meydan One is designed to become the world’s tallest residential tower.
Saudi Arabia's Jeddah Tower will soon eclipse the Burj Khalifa as the world's tallest tower
Throughout history, mankind has never ceased to exceed its limits and impress with an insatiable desire to break its own boundaries. If in 2560BC, the oldest of the three pyramids on the outskirts of Cairo, the Great Pyramid of Giza, held the record of the tallest structure with a height of 146.5 metres (138.8m due to time erosion), some 5,000 years later, the Burj Khalifa is standing on top of the world at 828m. And while the Great Pyramid of Giza is the only surviving wonder of the ancient world, Burj Khalifa will soon be out-topped by another structure, the Jeddah Tower in Saudi Arabia, which is due to complete in 2020 and will hold the world record for the tallest building in the world with a height of 1,008m.
Below, I have put together a list of the 10 tallest buildings in the near future. The listed data for the proposed buildings is based on the most reliable information currently available, and this data is subject to change until the building has completed and all the information can be confirmed.
Top 10 future tallest buildings in the world
1) Jeddah Tower: 1,008m (167 floors); estimated year of completion: 2020
Saudi Arabia's Jeddah Tower will be the planet's first building to top a kilometre in height. The $1.2 billion project, located in Jeddah, will house luxury condos, office space, an observatory, a Four Seasons hotel and feature the world's highest sky terrace on the 157th floor. Designed by the architect Adrian Smith (the mastermind behind Burj Khalifa), Jeddah Tower is set to be the next iteration of the Burj. The building was initially planned to be one mile long, however the surrounding geology has impeded engineers to support such an effort.
2) Burj Khalifa: 828m (163 floors), date of completion: 2010
Opened in 2010 as part of a new development called Downtown Dubai, the Burj Khalifa towers above the city's skyline. The project was initiated by the Dubai government in a bid to shift the country's economy from being oil-based to more tourism- and service-oriented. Designed by Adrian Smith, the Burj Khalifa was conceptualised as a large-scale, mixed-use development that would include 30,000 residential units, nine hotels (including The Address Downtown Dubai), three hectares (7.4 acres) of parkland, 19 residential towers, The Dubai Mall and the 12-hectare (30-acre) Burj Khalifa Lake.
3) H700 Shenzhen Tower: 739m (169 floors)
Shenzhen Tower is a proposed mega tall skyscraper in Shenzhen, China, initiated by the Chicago-based firm, bKL. The tower is set to become China's next tallest building upon completion.
4) Dubai One: 711m (161 floors), date of completion: 2021
The Dubai One Tower is designed to become the world's tallest residential tower and will house 78,000 residents. Part of a $4.5 billion complex called Meydan One, the project will include the world's largest indoor ski resort, 885 apartments, a dancing fountain, a shopping centre, 350 hotel rooms and a marina. The first phase of the project will be completed in time for Expo 2020.
5) CTF Finance Centre: 648m (121 floors), estimated date of completion: 2022
Located along the riverbank of the business district of Wuhan, China, the CTF Finance Centre has been planned with the purpose of attracting domestic and foreign investors to kickstart the local economy.
6) Signature Tower Jakarta: 638m (138 floors), estimated date of completion: 2022
The Signature Tower, located in the heart of Jakarta's Sudirman central business district, was approved in 2015 with an approximately $1.5 billion loan. The project boasts 121 floors, six levels of basement carpark, two office zones of 22 floors each, 22 apartment floors and 22 hotel floors.
7) Wuhan Greenland Centre: 636m (125 floors), estimated time of completion: 2018
The tower will consist of 202,000 sqm of office space, 60,000 sqm of luxury apartments and a five-star hotel. The 600m-plus mixed-use structure will be one of the tallest buildings in China.
8) Shanghai Tower: 632m (128 floors), date of completion: 2015
Currently, the tower is under test run. Visitors can take the express elevator to the sightseeing deck on the 119th floor and a ride takes only 55 seconds. Shanghai Tower is divided into five functional areas: 24-hour offices for multinational companies and financial services; five-star hotels and support facilities; high-end retail shops; recreation zone, forming a new business and cultural centre in Shanghai.
9) Merdeka PNB118: 630m (118 floors): estimated date of completion: 2020
Merdeka is under construction in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The project is expected to create 10,000 jobs initially and even more employment in the years to follow, generating around 11 billion ringgit ($2.67 billion) for the economy and bolstering the country's bid to become a tourist hub.
10) Rama IX Super Tower: 615m (125 floors), estimated date of completion: 2021
The tower is Thailand's tallest building, a national landmark and located in Bangkok's new CBD. The front podiums comprise an open-air multipurpose plaza above conference facilities and retail arcades clustered in a low-rise building flanking the tower. The will house Thailand's first 24-hour office facilities, a six-star hotel, fine dining venues and an enclosed observation deck.
The writer is the CEO and owner of Al Ruwad Real Estate. Views expressed are his own and do not reflect the newspaper's policy.
Baby boy Hassan was born at 12:01 am. READ MORE
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'I lost the love of my life,' says widow of New York limo driver involved in crash that killed 20
The part-time driver was told to switch from the vehicle he planned to use, Scott Lisinicchia's widow said. The family's lawyer believes it was unsafe
'I lost the love of my life,' says widow of New York limo driver involved in crash that killed 20 The part-time driver was told to switch from the vehicle he planned to use, Scott Lisinicchia's widow said. The family's lawyer believes it was unsafe Check out this story on knoxnews.com: https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation-now/2018/10/09/limo-driver-given-unsafe-vehicle-widow-lawyer-say/1583116002/
USA Today NetworkJonathan Bandler, Rockland/Westchester Journal News Published 8:24 p.m. ET Oct. 9, 2018 | Updated 8:40 p.m. ET Oct. 9, 2018
A GoFundMe page was set up Oct. 8, 2018, to raise money for the funeral of Scott Lisinicchia, the driver of the limousine that crashed Oct. 6 in Schoharie, New York, killing himself, 17 passengers and two bystanders.(Photo: Courtesy of family via GoFundMe)
LAKE GEORGE, N.Y. — Kim Lisinicchia heard only her husband's side of phone conversations with the manager of the limousine company where he worked.
But each time Scott Lisinicchia — the 53-year-old driver in Saturday's horrific limo crash that killed him, 17 passengers and two bystanders — was clear: He was not going to drive a car that wasn't in good condition, she said.
"He didn't want to put anyone in jeopardy," she said Tuesday.
Now his grieving widow is trying to come to grips with what could have gone wrong. She believes it had to be a mechanical problem or a road condition.
► Oct. 9: Safety of intersection called into question after deadly N.Y. limo crash
► Oct. 9: Man who owned limo in fatal N.Y. crash had informed on terrorists for FBI
► Oct. 8: A wedding, a birthday, a tragedy: Stories of the New York limo crash victims
She said she prays for the other victims of the crash and wishes she could tell their families how much "he took to heart and consideration how safe he wanted them all to be."
The Lake George resident was driving 17 people for a birthday trip to Brewery Ommegang in Cooperstown, about 40 miles west of Schoharie, where the accident occurred.
Just before 2 p.m., he headed down a hill on state Route 30 but drove through a stop sign, crossed Route 30A and slammed into an unoccupied sport-utility vehicle in the parking lot of the Apple Barrel Country Store and Cafe. The impact drove the SUV into two men standing in the parking lot. All 18 people in the limousine and the two men were killed.
► Oct. 8: About 2,500 turn out for New York limo crash victims vigil
► Oct. 8: New York limo crash is among deadliest road accidents in U.S. history
It was the deadliest road accident in the United States in 13 years. Gov. Andrew Cuomo ordered the state's flags to fly at half staff from Thursday until the final victim is buried; flags already were scheduled to be at half staff Monday to Wednesday to observe National Fallen Firefighters Memorial Weekend.
Scott Lisinicchia had a commercial driver's license but lacked the required "passenger endorsement" to drive 15 or more adult passengers, authorities said Monday.
The vehicle, owned by Prestige Limousine, was a 2001Ford Excursion that did not get the proper certification after it was altered to become a limousine, authorities said. A month before the crash, it also was ordered to be taken out of service because of inadequate maintenance and a defective emergency exit.
Scott Lisinicchia, 53, and his wife, Kim, of Lake George, New York, are shown in an undated photo. Scott was the limo driver in a crash that killed 20 people in Schoharie on Oct. 6, 2018. (Photo: Courtesy of Kim Lisinicchia)
The couple met 11 years ago at an Elks Lodge and married the following year. Kim Lisinicchia had a 7-year-old daughter and a 14-year-old son, and Scott Lisinicchia "accepted my children as his own, and that takes a lot," she said.
He had driven tractor-trailers for years and later dump trucks, but a hip injury made driving big vehicles difficult and he stopped. An operation helped, but Scott Lisinicchia had had enough of trucks and became a cab driver.
Last year, he saw on Craigslist that Prestige in Wilton, about 20 miles away, was looking for a limo driver.
He answered the ad and started working for them on weekends. During the week, he was an Uber driver.
The Lisinicchias would drive everywhere, most recently to Florida where Kim Lisinicchia's daughter was competing in a pageant. They loved campfires and watching movies at home.
On Saturday, he was in a good mood, even though he had said he had to switch the limo he was going to use because of a problem, she said.
"He left in good spirits," she said. "He said 'I love you.' I said 'I love you.' "
While he was out, she would always hear, so she said she was very surprised when he hadn't called in several hours.
► Oct. 8: Hiring a limo service or van tour? 5 tips to ensure a safe trip
► Oct. 8: Victim texted limo was in 'terrible condition' minutes before crash killed 20
The Lisinicchia family's lawyer, George Longworth, and Richard Burke, an investigator and former Mount Vernon police commissioner, went to the crash scene Monday. Kim Lisinicchia said she didn't believe her husband was familiar with the intersection.
Burke described it as the bottom of a mountain with a posted 50 mph speed limit where stopping would be difficult if anything were wrong with the brakes.
"The family believes that unbeknownst to him he was provided with a vehicle that was neither roadworthy nor safe for any of its occupants," Longworth said in a statement.
► Oct. 8: New York limo crash raises safety, regulation questions for industry
► Oct. 8: What we know about the fatal limo crash that killed 20 in New York
He urged people to reserve judgment until the New York State Police and the National Transportation Safety Board conclude their investigations.
Burke said he learned from Lisinicchia's twin brother that the autopsy revealed no medical conditions that could have contributed to the crash.
Before taking down her Facebook page Monday, Kim Lisinicchia posted that “Scotty” was her best friend.
Drone photos Oct. 8, 2018, of the scene at Route 30 and Route 30A in Schoharie, New York, where a limousine car accident killed 17 passengers plus the driver and an additional 2 pedestrians two days before. (Photo: Ricky Flores and Peter Carr, The (Westchester County, N.Y.) Journal News)
“It hurts me to a core to have to bury my husband,” she wrote.
She also posted a link to a GoFundMe page that a friend set up for contributions to help the family with funeral expenses. By Tuesday evening, 80 people had contributed more than $3,000 toward a $15,000 goal.
The page drew some hurtful comments about Kim Lisinicchia's husband as the driver who caused the tragedy. In the days after the crash, she read them as well as others on social media.
► Oct. 8: Tight-knit Amsterdam rocked by N.Y. limo crash that killed 20
► Oct. 7: 'Horrific' limo crash kills 20 in upstate New York
"How can people be so cruel?" she asked. "I understand people are angry. I'm angry, too. But I'm not going to lash out on someone that just lost someone major in their lives. I lost the love of my life."
She has never been to the intersection, and she said she never wants to.
"I don't want to be reminded," she said. "I want to remember my husband just as I left him that day. I said 'I love you.' I kissed him. ... He was happy."
Contributing: Jon Campbell, Gannett Albany Bureau. Follow Jonathan Bandler on Twitter: @jonbandler
Read or Share this story: https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation-now/2018/10/09/limo-driver-given-unsafe-vehicle-widow-lawyer-say/1583116002/
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Homicides rates declining, still high in Kansas City
2 years 6 months 2 weeks ago Monday, July 03 2017 Jul 3, 2017 Monday, July 03, 2017 3:05:26 PM CDT July 03, 2017 in News
KANSAS CITY (AP) — Homicide rates have declined in Kansas City over the past two decades, but remain among the worst in the nation and are decreasing at a slower rate than most of the country.
The Kansas City Star reported that homicide rates in Kansas City are still worse than Chicago, which is notorious for its violence.
Kansas City's 130 homicides last year were its highest since 2008.
So far this year, Kansas City has counted 69 homicides, putting it on pace to top the previous year.
Kansas City has generally grown safer over the past 20 years, but some demographics are more likely to be victims than others. At most risk are young black men.
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Vice-Chancellor’s Graduation Speech 2019
Graduation Ceremony, Featured
05Nov November 5, 2019
Collins Mann2019-11-05T10:11:22+00:00
Read Professor Joy C Kwesiga’s (Vice-Chancellor of Kabale University) speech which was given at the Fourth (4th) Graduation Ceremony of Kabale University as a Public University.
On behalf of the Kabale University community, I welcome you all to the 4th Graduation Ceremony since Kabale University attained Public Status.
I wish to warmly welcome the Chancellor, Prof. George Mondo Kagonyera, and to state, on behalf of the rest of the University, that it is always a pleasure to welcome you here.
In the same vein, we do welcome the Chairperson of the University Council, and Members of Council and the Senate. Your presence is most valued.
In a special way, I wish to welcome our Guest Speaker, Professor Augustus Nuwagaba. He has always taken special interest in the growth of this University, since its inception.
I welcome all the representatives of sister institutions. We do appreciate this comradeship. Those present to be recognized accordingly. These include the Head of the East African Leadership Institute in Burundi, with whom plans for collaboration are in advanced stages.
I welcome all the civic and religious leaders present.
The staff, students and management of Kabale University are recognized.
All our distinguished guests, in your individual capacities, you are all welcome!
We recognize the presence of Dr Leonard Chacha Mwita, who is a Visiting Professor from Kenyatta University, in Kenya. He is here under the Inter University Council for East Africa (IUCEA) Staff Exchange Programme, for a duration of three months. He is serving full time under the Kiswahili Language Studies Unit.
We also recognize the presence of seven Volunteers from the Republic of Nigeria, who are serving in various Departments for a period of two years – under an agreement between the Governments of Uganda and Nigeria.
I recognize the presence of Mr. Simon Woodgate, my special Guest from London, who I met about 15 years back, we became friends, and I have finally managed to get him to visit Uganda – and Kabale.
Mr Chancellor, Sir, we have received apologies from Uganda Christian University (UCU) who are holding a similar ceremony at the same time; the Inter University Council for East Africa – who are running a regional conference in Kampala; and Ngozi University in Burundi.
Mr. Chancellor, Sir, I wish to provide a brief summary about the current status of the University. I will be focusing on areas that promote quality teaching and learning, in terms of building the support system for executing our work. As you will note from subsequent comments, the University continues to make steady progress. The Semester started off well, with new students arriving on 3rd August 2019, and things are moving on as expected.
STUDENT MATTERS:
First, let summarise issues relating to student welfare.
(i) Student Leadership:
The Guild Presidential elections were held on 16th March 2019, when H.E. Evelyne Natukunda, a 3nd Year Student of Bachelor of Arts (Education) was elected. I request the Guild President and her team to stand up for recognition. I also wish to report that so far; her Government is collaborating with Management very well. Ms Natukunda is the Second Female Guild President in the history of Kabale University. We congratulate her.
(ii) Student enrolment:
Estimated enrollment by the end of this Academic Year is 3080. As of today, a total of 2999 students are registered. Of these, 1937 are male, while 1062 are female, making up 34%. A total of 318 are Government sponsored, of whom 60 are female. Privately sponsored students constitute a total of 2681 of whom 1679 are male and 1002 female, who constitute 37%.
(iv) Co-curricular activities:
Students continue to participate in sports, clubs and to participate in organized public talks and other community-related activities. Examples include:
Freshers’ welcome matches with continuing students in major disciplines like football, Volleyball, Netball and Athletics.
The Union has also using its funds upgraded the basketball court and it is now in use.
Inter – Faculty games in all sports disciplines were held from 18th -20th October 2019 and, the Faculty of Education emerged the overall winner for both men and women.
The best players in the Inter Faculty games will be selected for the forthcoming Inter – University Games scheduled for 15th – 20th December 2019 in Kisubi University.
A total of 3 public talks have been held this Semester, and these include two health public talks and medical Camps by Mariestopes and Reproductive Health Uganda, and during the medical camps, safe male circumcision, Hepatitis B screening, testing for STDS and other reproductive health issues were done.
The third Public talk was given by a new member of staff, Professor Benon Basheka – on University Student Governance, and Patriotism.
Kabale University Medical Students’ Association members and their teachers hosted the Annual Conference of the Federation of Uganda Medical Students’ Association, (FUMSA), which brings together medical students from all medical schools in Uganda. This took place from 10th to 13th October 2019, here at Kabale University It was a great boost to the young Kabale University School of Medicine (KABSOM).
(v) Graduate studies continue to be strengthened. Ph.D Programmes in various fields are at different levels of accreditation. The process has taken long – but we are sure that by the beginning of the academic year, next August several of them will be running. Members of the public are urged to keep checking on the KAB Website.
Our first efforts since attaining public status have been geared towards improving staffing levels, as a key lever to quality service. I am happy to report, with appreciation, that this Financial Year, a total of UGX 9.5 Billion was provided by the Government of Uganda for staff recruitment. By the end of the exercise, 133 new staff will have joined Kabale University workforce. So far, over 80 members have already reported. Others are due to appear for interview soon. This is vital for the University because the level of an institutions human resource underpins the level of quality service provided.
It is important to note that as of now staff on ground are 313. Of these, 99 are female. Of the total number, 215 are academic, 63 administrative, while 35 are support staff.
The number of senior academic staff is steadily rising. Sixty-five (65) members of staff hold Ph.D qualifications. We have 14 full professors; 6 Associate Professors and 17 Senior Lecturers. This is of course not ideal.
Because it is difficult to easily and directly attract top level academicians, the University is also through its Staff Development Programme, encouraging staff to register for Ph.D studies, and to do research and publish. Such fifteen (15) members of staff are pursuing Ph.D studies here and outside Uganda.
We also run a compulsory course providing knowledge and skills on how to teach – specially developed for staff without an education background.
I wish to point out, Mr. Chancellor, Sir, that in line with its policy of continuously reviewing staff welfare, those in the relevant age category have all been placed on permanent terms of Kabale University. Only those who are barred by the retirement age or whose terms of service demand so, have remained on contractual terms. This is to ensure job security, and of course, in turn, to require stable and quality service from the staff.
Kabale University has taken research activities seriously, notwithstanding the limited financial capacity of the University. Research is important in teaching and learning because of its contribution in deepening the understanding of existing knowledge and developing new techniques and methods for addressing societal problems.
At Kabale University we strive to use research findings to improve the competences of staff and students in teaching and learning. It is partly because of this role that Kabale University takes seriously its research function and is annually increasing its research outputs.
In this regard, I am happy to report that the University has increased the number of published research outputs in peer reviewed scientific journals from less than 10 in the 2016/2017 Academic Year to 45 in the 2018/2019 Academic Year. Most of these articles can be viewed on the Kabale Institutional Repository. In the 2019/2020 academic year, the plan of the Directorate of Research and Publications is to double this output.
The University is aware that this will require a lot of effort from staff and a lot of resources. In this regard, one of the strategies, especially regarding resource mobilization for research is to increase efforts in attracting external funding. The University has put in place a Resource Mobilisation Committee, and is also in the process of recruiting a Grants Officer to support this process. To be able to attract external funding, the Directorate of Research is also working hard to establish the Kabale University Research Ethics Committee – under the guidance of the Uganda National Council for Science and Technology.
The University is encouraging staff and students to be innovative. That is why the University runs an Annual Open Day for exhibiting such innovations to the wider community. Student and staff are keen in this direction, and as I speak, a group is holding such an exhibition at Speke Resort and Conference Centre, Munyonyo, where the East African Community Science, Technology and Innovation Conference and the Academia– Public– Private Partnership Forum Dialogue 2019 are taking place.
Other related academic pursuits, such as Seminars, Workshops, and public talks are taking place. Staff are also attending externally organised conferences and workshops. In this connection, I wish also to report that the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences is planning for an International Conference scheduled for 12th, 13th; and 14th May, 2020. The Conference is on Governance, Leadership, and Social Transformation under the theme: “Advancing knowledge for Social Transformation in a Dynamic Global World”. Details are on the Kabale University website.
Along with enhancement of research, we have paid special attention to Library Services as follows:
Kabale University Digital Repository (KABDR). KABDR whose aim is to make the University visible through sharing the University’s own publications through open access (OA) is registering good progress with statistics showing increasing number of access and usage of uploaded publications. For example, 85 publications so far uploaded have, from the month of April to October, registered 1496 users accessing the database from diverse countries.
Library Space Capacity. Since the last graduation the library seating capacity has increased from 220 to 370. This has been possible after opening four (4) library service centers at: Medical school (KABSOM) Makanga, Faculty of Engineering Nyabikoni and Mukombe Library and at the New Lecture Hall building.
Library Collection. The information materials collection has greatly been enhanced by the 768 new volumes purchased and 116 volumes donated totaling to 884 volumes added this academic year.
Staffing: The library service has added on 9 members of staff this academic year that has enabled the service to expand and operate a number of service centers on different campuses.
Online Resources: Kabale University has continued to jointly subscribe to online databases through the Consortium of Uganda University Libraries (CUUL) providing more resource information materials to boost study, learning and research for both staff and students.
Library Project: The Library together with Faculties has hatched a project to document community information on innovations, knowledge and skills. This will feed into and boost the Repository (KABDR). This is very important in fulfilling our mandate of provision of community service.
INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT):
This is also an important area that will enhance our capacity for quality service.
Kabale University adopted AIMS (Academic Information Management System) that is being run in all public universities and some private institutions. This online self-service system helps to reduce congestion and timely reporting on a number of operations across the University, including online admissions, online fees payments and automatic bank reconciliations, online registration, course unit assignments and generation of examination cards.
Kabale University has increased internet bandwidth across its campuses following the continued price reductions from RENU (Research and Education Network in Uganda), the service provider, as well as increased budget for ICT.
As a result of the above, KAB service has moved from a total of 28 MBPS to 72 MBPS. We now serve three Campuses – Makanga (School of Medicine); Nyabikoni (Engineering); and the main Campus. This will continue to improve through annual increment in budget allocation to the Unit in charge.
The University periodically increases access to internet to all users (students and staff) through provision of WIFI facilities, whenever finances allow. Internet has further been commissioned in the General Lecture Halls under fiber optic as well as the newly commissioned offices across all campuses.
The University has supported neighboring institutions to have better connectivity under RENU, namely, the National Teachers College- Kabale (NTC) and Uganda College of Commerce(UCC).
Kabale University benefited from the RENU Direct Engineering assistance. A Powerful Router and Wireless access points were availed. Eduroam (Education Roaming ) was equally installed. Training is soon to be conducted to all students and staff to access this service. Eduroam allows one to access internet related services as one moves from one institution to another provided the visited institution is on Eduroam.
The University is in the process of finalizing the establishment of the ICT Academy under Huawei (Chinese service provider). The Academy is aimed at equipping professional networking skills (routing and switching) as well as increasing exposure to students through annul global ICT competitions. A total of seven ICT staff have already been trained in preparation for this exercise.
OTHER STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVEMENT OF SERVICE
Additional work towards supporting teaching and learning at KAB include:
Strengthening of the Quality Assurance Unit: A Senior Quality Assurance Officer has been recruited to re-inforce the work already been done by the Unit. The Unit helps to monitor staff performance.
Within our means, we have and continue to work to improve science laboratories, computer laboratories, workshop space for students of Engineering and Applied Design and Fine Art, and others. These go along with purchase of essential equipment/machinery for various laboratories and workshops. It is the policy of the University to purchase manageable numbers of Computers and some equipment and furniture, each Semester, as we build up the stock. All these are aimed at providing better service.
In this connection, I am proud to inform you, Mr. Chancellor, that the Verification Team from the East African Medical Council which visited a few months back graded our Anatomy Laboratory as the best in East Africa!
I am glad to report that the University Master Plan has been completed. The Consultant – Eco Shelter & Environmental Consultants – has submitted their final report which is being edited. This Plan will guide the physical infrastructure development of the University for the next 50 years. We thank the Government of Uganda for making funds available to complete this task. We are therefore now ready for investment in infrastructure development.
IMMEDIATE CHALLENGES TO THE UNIVERSITY
Land Acquisition:
As stated last year, this is the request we are not about to drop. We need more land on this hill. We need more land from Kabale District Local Government. There were some positive developments towards achieving this last April when an Inter-Ministerial meeting was held at State House, Nakasero over this matter. As things stand, the University has fulfilled its LUBIMBI agreed upon, and we are waiting, for the District Council to convene a meeting to finalise this matter. We hope and pray that this will be sooner than later.
Mr. Chancellor, Sir, I need not emphasise that other Local Governments where public universities have been established have provided land – on average, to the tune of 1000 acres. It is also noteworthy that the Universities and Other Tertiary Institutions Act (2001 – amended) requires such Local Governments to provide land for the development of a public university established in their area Refer to Article 59.
Infrastructure Development:
This is still a weak spot. The long-awaited General Lecture Halls Block was completed and is in use. In addition, works on another three-storeyed Science Lecture Halls Block is at the stage of completion of the Ground Floor. However, this is a drop in the ocean. We are still looking for ways of meeting these needs, partly through some promised assistance by Government, by way of increased budget funding, and possible donor funding. But we are also in the process of exploring Private-Public Partnership Ventures.
Since the last Graduation Ceremony, almost 20 members of the Kabale community have lost either a parent, or a sibling. I suggest that we remember these departed loved ones collectively. I wish, however, to specifically inform the congregation about the passing away of the late Mr. Charles Byabakama, former Chairperson of the Executive Committee of the Assembly of Promoters of Kabale University, and former LCV Chairperson of Rukungiri District, who was buried on 27th July 2019. He loved this University and contributed to its stability when he was in charge.
May the souls of all those departed rest in eternal peace!
FUTURE DIRECTION
Kabale University has gone through different phases of development so far.
Licence Stage starting 2005 – very minimal resources
Acquiring of Charter Status – which was strenuous, but KAB went through it triumphantly in 2014
Transition from Private to Public Status – a learning but rewarding stage. That has also ended. We can say we are fully embedded in the mainstream of Public Universities.
All the above three stages have ended. Challenges have been tackled. Lessons have been learned. The future must be faced. In order to face the future squarely, the University must understand the environment in which it operates. This is the first step into the future. We note that currently, the operational environment illustrates the following:
The environment is competitive, locally, nationally, regionally and internationally, even by the mere numbers of growing similar institutions.
There are new modes of service delivery – full time, weekend, evening, distance, AND virtual. Kabale University has to choose its place here.
There are new technologies to which KAB must adapt e.g. Lecture Rooms with all teaching aids and other E-Learning inputs.
Universities have moved from “the idea” of a University being for a few select beneficiaries to entrepreneurial institutions – with a focus on skilled product – ready for the market. Along with this goes “mass” production of students. Here, Kabale University has to choose its place.
So, Mr. Chancellor, the direction we are taking continuously assesses our position within the local, national, regional and global world of learning. When the above have been taken care of, that is when we can register innovation, quality service and be able to build centres of excellence, and scale up research where a KABALE UNIVERSITY NICHE WILL BE EMBEDDED. That is why Kabale University must work to become fully relevant to society. The future of Kabale University therefore must embrace higher and higher aspirations.
These are our guiding principles into the future – as we develop new academic programmes, as we assess methods of delivery, as we focus on research and community service.
ABOUT THE CURRENT GRADUATION CEREMONY
A total of 900 graduands will be passed out. The awards will include Diplomas, Undergraduate Degrees, and Masters Degrees. Of the total number of Graduands, 40% are female.
As in the past, the 23 graduands who will be awarded 1st Class Degrees are recognized at this Ceremony. Six of thee are female. Their names will be read at the end of this address and they will receive a Handshake from the Chancellor! We congratulate them. In addition, they will receive a Certificate of Merit – which is something they can preserve for life.
There is another difference this year. The 1st Class Awardees are normally referred to as being on the Vice Chancellor’s List. Senate has gone further to create the Chancellor’s List. This consists of two persons (a) the best male student, and (b) the best female student overall. They will receive a special handshake from the Chancellor.
We congratulate them all.
Also important to note is that our 1st group of undergraduate degree beneficiaries of the Higher Education Students’ Loan Board at this University are graduating today. They are 27 graduands, and of these 8 are female. Last year, three (3) beneficiaries were awarded diplomas in Engineering.
The Graduand, for the Master of Public Health – Katusiime Hope – is the pioneer in that area. We want to congratulate the student who was in this lonely class as well as his tutors.
Message to Graduands:
The message is contained in the quote below as food for thought, as you leave Kabale University.
“Don’t compare your Chapter 1 to someone else’s Chapter 20”.
The practice of comparing yourself with the cohort you are part of today has proved to be a source of temptation, corruption and other forms of wrong doing in Uganda. This attitude has led many into trouble, e.g. wanting to “drive”, or own five houses within a period of three years, etc. simply because your contemporaries have acquired such assets. Beware! Keep on remembering that you are responsible for your own personal growth path.
I congratulate you, wish you all the best in your future endeavours, and urge you to become active members of Convocation and to keep in touch with your institution.
As in the past, we wish to express appreciation to the Government of Uganda for taking over this University and for the support it is providing.
In particular, we pay special tribute to H.E. the President for his personal interest in the University. Similarly, we are grateful to the 1st Lady and Minister of Education for regular support.
We continue to thank the leader of Government Business, The Rt Hon. Prime Minister of Uganda, Dr Ruhakana Rugunda, who was also the Chairperson of the Board of Trustees before the University turned public, has always provided a listening ear. We thank him.
We are welcomed into Government offices in the relevant Ministries and other agencies (Finance, Education, Public Service and others).
The National Council for Higher Education (NCHE) has always been ready to support and guide the University. We thank them.
We thank our oversight organ, the University Council led by Hon. Manzi Tumubweinee for their unwavering commitment to the University.
We want to thank the District Leadership in their varied capacities. They continue to take interest in our progress and provide support where possible.
We thank the general community of Kabale University – for as we always point out on such occasions, they are a source of encouragement.
We thank students, staff and members of Management for their interest in working towards the growth of the University.
Last but not least, let me thank all those who have come to attend this function. Your presence is very important as we celebrate the fruits of our labour, as a University.
I thank you all.
Knowledge is the Future!
For God and My Country!
Professor Joy C Kwesiga
Email: jckwesiga@gmail.com or jckwesiga@kab.ac.ug; vc@kab.ac.ug
Tel: +256-772485267 or +29656-7518123251
06Dec December 6, 2018
A Tribute to our Colleague, Mentor and Friend, Associate Professor Christopher Zigira
By John Michael Edoru Quality Assurance Unit, Kabale UniversityI am greatly humbled to write this tribute to Associate Professor Christopher... read more
11Dec December 11, 2018
Kabale University Vice-Chancellor Prof. Joy C Kwesiga Honoured
Female staff members at Kabale University have paid tribute to Prof. Joy C Kwesiga, the University Vice-Chancellor, for her... read more
25Nov November 25, 2018
Promoting intangible cultural heritage in Institutions of higher learning in Uganda
Kabale University hosted a public lecture on intangible cultural heritage. This was in partnership with Cross Cultural Foundation of... read more
15May May 15, 2019
Kabale University to be funded
Parliament's public accounts committee (PAC) has directed the finance ministry to avail Shs85.5b. required by Kabale University to establish... read more
29Jun June 29, 2018
Work-Study Scholarship Scheme 2018/2019
The Academic Registrar, Kabale University, invites applications from interested needy A-Level Leavers to join the Rev. Canon Karibwije Work-Study... read more
04Feb February 4, 2019
The Vice-Chancellor of Université de Ngozi visits Kabale University.
This follows the University exchange program between the two Universities under the Institute of Languages.On 13th January 2019, students... read more
Kabale University hosts Masters of Non Profit/NGO Management students from Regis University, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
The Department of Social Work, Social Administration and Governance Kabale University, on Monday,13th November, 2017 hosted University students from... read more
24Oct October 24, 2019
Written Interviews For Shortlisted Candidates
The Office of the University Secretary, Kabale University with pleasure invites the shortlisted candidates for written interviews scheduled to... read more
Final graduation list released
The Office of the Academic Registrar has released the Final List of the 4th graduation ceremony of Kabale University... read more
Call for Applications 2019 (Feb Intake)
The Academic Registrar, Kabale University, invites applications from qualified applicants for admission under Private Sponsorship scheme for the 2018/2019... read more
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Karnataka.com
Karnataka is a state in Southern India. Karnataka is best known for its software industry and now biotechnology.
Home » Personalities » Kiran Mazumdar Shaw – The Entrepreneur and Business Personality
Kiran Mazumdar Shaw – The Entrepreneur and Business Personality
November 11, 2015 by madur
Kiran Mazumdar Shaw is a popular personality and an entrepreneur, and she’s an icon mainly because she managed to break the traditional Indian bias against women and their capabilities.
Her Early Life and Education
Kiran Mazumdar Shaw was born on March 23, 1953 in Bangalore. She went to the Bishop Cotton Girls’ High School for her school education. She wanted to get into the medical profession but could not join the medical course; so she studied biology instead and completed her Bachelor of Science (honors) in Zoology from Mount Carmel College, affiliated under the Bangalore University in 1973.
She then went to Melbourne in Australia to do a post-graduation course in Malting and Brewing from the Ballarat College of the Melbourne University. Kiran Mazumdar Shaw started her career as a trainee in Carlton and United Breweries in Melbourne.
She then shifted to Barrett Brothers and Burston and joined as a trainee. Upon her return to India she joined Jupiter Breweries Limited in Calcutta as a Technical Consultant and later joined Standard Malting Corporation in Baroda as a Manager. She married John Shaw in 1998.
Her Work and Achievements
Kiran Mazumdar Shaw founded Biocon India Limited in 1978 in collaboration with Biocon Biochemicals Limited in Ireland. Her company became one of the largest pharmaceuticals companies in India, while it was only an industrial enzymes manufacturing company before. The company then focused as specific diseases like diabetes, auto-immune ailments, and oncology.
She went on to establish two subsidiaries companies named Syngene in 1994 to support discovery research and development, and Clinigene in 2000 which would serve clinical development services. It has to be considered an achievement that a company with a startup capital of just Rs. 10,000 managed to become one the biggest names in country for pharmaceuticals.
Kiran faced a herculean task while establishing the business, as her company was being run by a woman in the late 1970s and early 1980s, which was a conservative period in Indian society and also in the Indian political scenario, which was anyway controlling commerce and industry completely.
Biocon became one of the pioneering biotech companies to export to the US and obtained funding from them for research and development. The company has come a long way since then. It has its patents and its own biopharmaceutical company and is working as an independent entity now.
The company and its achievements have made Kiran Mazumdar Shaw one of the most influential women in the world. She is the 4th richest Indian woman and ranks 75th in the Forbes India list of richest Indians with a net worth of $900 million.
She has received various accolades and has been given various awards like the MV Memorial Award, the Wharton Infosys Business Transformation Award, the Life Time Achievement Award by the Indian Chamber of Commerce, the Ernst and Young Entrepreneur of the Year Award in 2002 and most importantly a Padma Shri in 1989 and a Padma Bhushan in 2005.
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Land Of Basketball.com
Teams, players profiles, awards, stats, records and championships.
Hawks vs. Cavaliers
110-106 / Box score
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Hawks vs. Cavaliers, 110-106, Box Score - 2017 Regular Season
Stats from the NBA game played between the Atlanta Hawks and the Cleveland Cavaliers on November 08, 2016 with result, scoring by period and players.
More 2016-17 Games:
Hawks games << prev. | next >>
Cavaliers games << prev. | next >>
NBA Box Scores:
Game Result
Atlanta Hawks - 106
Scoring by Period
ATL 20 33 31 26 110
CLE 20 22 37 27 106
Hawks Cavaliers
Points 28 -
Schroder 29 -
Rebounds 17 -
Howard 12 -
Schroder 5 -
Home Team: Cleveland Cavaliers
Game Box Score
Shooting Rebounds
Players Min
O D Reb Ast Stl Blk TO PF Pts
Dennis Schroder G 32:09 10-16 3-6 5-5 1 1 2 6 0 0 4 3 28
Kent Bazemore G 32:36 8-13 4-6 5-7 1 5 6 3 0 0 1 2 25
Paul Millsap F 35:45 7-16 2-4 5-6 1 4 5 1 0 0 3 5 21
Dwight Howard C 26:59 3-5 0-0 1-4 2 15 17 2 0 3 3 4 7
Thabo Sefolosha F 35:22 2-6 1-3 0-0 2 3 5 1 1 0 1 3 5
Mike Muscala 22:00 5-8 0-2 0-0 3 0 3 2 0 1 2 0 10
Tim Hardaway Jr. 28:48 3-11 1-7 1-2 1 1 2 2 0 0 1 0 8
Malcolm Delaney 13:54 2-3 0-0 0-0 0 4 4 4 0 0 3 2 4
Taurean Prince 08:37 1-2 0-0 0-0 0 4 4 0 0 0 1 1 2
Kris Humphries 03:50 0-1 0-1 0-0 0 2 2 1 0 0 0 1 0
DeAndre' Bembry DNP - Coach's Decision
Ryan Kelly DNP - Coach's Decision
Kyle Korver DNP - Personal Reasons
Totals 240 41-81 11-29 17-24 11 39 50 22 1 4 19 21 110
Percentages .506 .379 .708
Kyrie Irving G 39:28 11-27 1-7 6-7 0 1 1 4 0 1 0 3 29
Kevin Love F 38:10 7-17 0-4 10-11 6 6 12 3 3 0 2 4 24
LeBron James F 36:52 8-17 2-5 5-5 2 7 9 5 3 0 1 3 23
J.R. Smith G 31:32 2-13 2-10 0-0 1 1 2 3 2 0 1 1 6
Tristan Thompson C 24:57 0-0 0-0 0-2 0 2 2 0 1 0 0 3 0
Channing Frye 26:56 5-15 3-8 0-0 2 5 7 1 0 0 0 0 13
Iman Shumpert 21:45 2-4 1-2 0-0 2 3 5 4 2 0 2 2 5
Mike Dunleavy Jr. 13:29 1-4 1-4 0-0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 2 3
Richard Jefferson 06:51 1-2 1-2 0-0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 3
Chris Andersen DNP - Coach's Decision
Kay Felder DNP - Coach's Decision
James Jones DNP - Coach's Decision
Jordan McRae DNP - Coach's Decision
Totals 240 37-99 11-42 21-25 13 26 39 21 12 1 6 20 106
Inactive Players:
- Hawks: Mike Scott, Tiago Splitter
- Cavaliers: DeAndre Liggins, Mo Williams
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Land of Basketball is a fan website, for official NBA information visit National Basketball Association's website.
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24 hours a day/ 7 days a week 1-800-970-3050
Hamptonville, NC Cremation Services
What to Expect from Cremation Services in Hamptonville, NC
Helping Families and Friends Honor Their Loved One
The staff members of Funeral Services Provider will guide your family in creating a meaningful ceremony to honor the life and memory of a loved one. A ceremony can be anything you wish it to be: simple or elaborate, traditional or unique. No matter how it`s tailored, such a ceremony is an important step in recovering from loss.
In this time of sorrow there are decisions to be made; and to honor your loved one you will want to choose what is best. Cremation is an excellent choice. We will guide you through all the processes that are in involved in cremation services. We are family owned with two decades of experience in providing assistance with funeral services and comfort to those who have lost those dear to them.
Burial benefits are available for spouses & dependents buried in a national cemetery include burial with the Veteran, perpetual care, and the spouse or dependents name and date of birth and death will be inscribed on the Veteran`s headstone, at no cost to the family.
A one time payment is payable to the surviving spouse if he or she was living with the beneficiary at the time of death, or in the case that he or she had been living apart, was eligible for Social Security benefits on the beneficiary’s earnings record for the month of death.
Scattering at Sea
The popularity of scattering at sea is steadily growing as people look to the organic nature of the ocean to help them bring closure to the loss of a loved one. Scattering at sea combines a sense of finality and a new beginning. It returns us to nature and the origin of our being.
Cremation services in Hamptonville, NC completely understand how you will be devastated by the loss of a loved one and will need help and assistance in arranging a cremation.
One of the main reasons that people regularly choose a cremation over a burial is linked to the cremation costs in Hamptonville, NC. The final bill for cremating a person is usually far lower than the cost of arranging a burial because you do not have to pay for the land, its preparation and then the long-term upkeep.
Across all of America cremations are rapidly increasing as the most popular choice of interment and it is predicted that over 50% of people will choose cremation within the next 20 years or so. An exact and full price list will be passed to the person organizing the cremation so that you fully understand all of the cremation costs in Hamptonville, NC.
Why Do People Choose Cremation in Hamptonville, NC?
When you have experienced standing around a graveside as the body is lowered into the earth, it is an experience that many prefer to forget. The very different, and less dramatic experience of attending a cremation, focuses more on the person who has died rather than the events organized by Hamptonville, NC cremation services.
As families grow, many people are moving long distances away with many people choosing to live abroad. This means that less people are available to tend a grave area. By choosing a cremation, the ashes can be spread and no-one is required to keep fresh flowers in a particular area to maintain a memory.
Some religions will only accept a cremation as the only option for interment and this will be explained by cremation services in Hamptonville, NC. In the past, other religions would not accept a cremation as an alternative, but in modern times, the majority of religions are completely accepting of the cremation method being used.
Were you to cast a survey, you would find that modern cemeteries are regarded as extremely sterile and lacking of great character and if you live in a colder area, a grave is a difficult place to visit because of the weather, especially the snow and even more so in a northern state. This explains why many people look at the Hamptonville, NC cremation costs and choose it as their best option
For extreme forward thinkers, they don't wish their DNA to be available in the future and once the ashes have been scattered, the opportunity will disappeared forever.
What Happens During the Cremation?
In the majority of states, you can care for the deceased at your own home, but the majority of people will prefer that cremation services in Hamptonville, NC will undertake the facility.
Hamptonville, NC cremation services will explain that the body of the deceased is placed into a container which can be a coffin or casket, but a simple and suitable container is all that the law requires. At the crematorium, the employees will remove jewelry and medical devices, like pacemakers, to reduce the safety hazards for the cremation process. An efficient tagging system is used so that the individual can always be properly identified.
The individual will be cremated in the furnace at temperatures between 1400?F and 2000?F during the course of 2 to 3 hours, when the body will be reduced completely to fine powder, mostly a grey color. These are the ashes that are then returned to the nominated person as part of the cremation costs in Hamptonville, NC.
Planning a Fitting Memorial Service
A memorial service can take place immediately after a cremation or days or weeks later at a time that is convenient for all family members to be able to attend. Many people will find that a memorial service is extremely therapeutic because people have the opportunity to stand up and speak about the life and loves of the person who has died at this in turn, personalizes the service.
All of the options related to the memorial service will be carefully discussed with Hamptonville, NC cremation services.
How Will I Receive the Ashes?
The Hamptonville, NC cremation costs will detail whether the crematorium will be supplying a standard urn to return the ashes to you or whether you have opted to purchase a model for display which you may decide to use for a number of years.
The individual is always cremated alone, so you can rest assured that the ashes being returned to you are always correct and all of the procedures will be explained in detail by Hamptonville, NC cremation services.
Religious Questions in Hamptonville, NC
Some religious groups will require for a cremation to be completed inside 24 hours after the death of the person. This will be arranged by the funeral director and included within the Hamptonville, NC cremation costs, once all of the legal documentation is complete.
Where the individual was particularly religious, the funeral director will liaise with the appropriate clergy and a funeral service may be conducted within the proper church or in the private chapel at the crematorium. This chapel may also be used where a non-religious funeral service is required and equally, the service may be held elsewhere.
There are so many things that you need to think about after someone has died so you should not be worried about leaning heavily on the skills and experience offered by Hamptonville, NC cremation services.
Someone will get back to you within one business day.
How We’ve Helped Other Families
I just wanted to say thanks for the beautiful memorial service. It was so personal and dignified (just how my husband would have wanted). Thank you for helping me celebrate such a wonderful life with such honor.
– Kelly Watson
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About Leonard Felson
Leonard Felson
Jerusalem Report Magazine
Strategies for the Heartand Mind
Far from the hype of the kabbalah craze, American Jews across the religious spectrum and across the country are working at ethical and spiritual improvement through a religious discipline called ‘musar.’ And the interest, and dedication, are growing.
Sam Axelrad, A 65-YEAR-old Houston urologist, has just made one of those self-revelatory points about life, and his friends -- nine men and a woman -- nod in agreement as if they’ve all discovered a key secret to self-fulfillment. They’re sipping coffee or tea or cold drinks, munching on cheese and crackers, sweets and fruit. It could be any self-improvement circle or support group, except that these Texas Jews from various backgrounds -- ranging in age from their early 30s to their mid-60s -- are talking about a Jewish spiritual discipline, ethical philosophy and character-building method designed to heighten awareness of the world and one’s responsibilities. It’s called musar, and its goal is to make one act more like a mensch.
At its core, musar is a behavioral improvement practice aimed at elevating our character, or what musar calls soul traits [midot], by a variety of strategies and techniques that, as one musar master says, make "the heart feel what the intellect understands." The trend, as now taught, includes practices such as meditation, chanting, studying musar texts, and keeping a daily journal on traits that practitioners identify as obstacles in their lives.
Axelrad’s group has been meeting every other Sunday night for two hours since last fall. Each member also regularly checks in with a hevruta, or study partner, to discuss assigned readings and their progress or lack thereof on the traits they’re working on. Similar groups are forming across North America. Together, they represent a small but growing phenomenon: For the first time since the eve of the Holocaust, not only are more Orthodox Jews engaging in musar practices, but non-Orthodox Jews, most of whom had never heard of musar a few years ago, are beginning to adopt the traditional discipline as part of their own daily Jewish spiritual practice.
In May, a conference in Houston on how to practice musar in the 21st century drew leading musar teachers from Israel and New York. Their discussions attracted 130 people, about half of them women. For while the musar movement was born in the all-male yeshivot of 19th century Lithuania, the leaders of the movement and their heirs have agreed that musar is for men and women equally. And although it was originally an Orthodox movement, the participants in Houston comprised a picture of American Jewry today, with most coming from Conservative, Reform or secular backgrounds. A similar conference in Manhattan last year marked the first time a discussion of musar among Jews of all stripes had ever been held.
"The interest that’s out there is just tremendous," says Alan Morinis, whose book, "Climbing Jacob’s Ladder" (Broadway Books, 2002), has become "must" reading and a gateway for many of the new musar adherents. It’s difficult to quantify the scope of this emerging trend, but the number of newcomers is believed to be in the thousands, say musar teachers who run classes or teach via email or websites.
Before the Holocaust, musar flourished in the non-hasidic side of Eastern European Orthodoxy for nearly 100 years. The founder of the 19th century musar movement was Rabbi Israel Lipkin of Salant, Lithuania (better known as Rabbi Israel Salanter), who taught the importance of setting aside daily times for musar study and the axiom that ethical conduct based on Torah values is the essential goal of the Jewish people. Salanter based himself on earlier texts stressing moral improvement, including "Mesilat Yesharim" (The Path of the Just) by Rabbi Moshe Haim Luzatto, and "Hovot Halevavot" (The Duties of the Heart) by Rabbi Bahya ibn Paquda, dating back to the 11th century. But he innovated a method of character improvement called hitpa’alut, chanting holy phrases or ethical concepts with such emotional intensity that the intellectual message, Salanter taught, travels to the subconscious, creating a lasting impression that can change one’s behavior. Indeed, Salanter was an innovator who spoke about the role of the unconscious mind some three decades before Freud made it famous to the Western world.
What’s more, he turned what was primarily an enterprise among individuals studying the literature into a social movement in Lithuania and elsewhere in Eastern Europe, beginning in 1842 when he founded the Musar Society in Vilna. The movement, predictably, broke into schools -- in some yeshivot, for example, students were told to develop humility by practices such as wearing one’s clothes inside out to invite ridicule. Even into the 20th century, the story was told of a rabbi, who while waiting for a bus, looked up from his book to see if it was coming. He immediately regretted this momentary glance, not just because it was a wasted second during which he could learn, but because his anticipation for the bus had taken control over him. Looking for the bus is illogical because it will not make the bus come any quicker. The glance was a sign of his emotions’ control over his mind.
The Holocaust killed most of that tradition’s leading teachers and students, and while it lived on in the yeshivah world -- at such Israeli institutions as the Mir, Hebron and Ponevitch yeshivahs, and at American ones like Yeshivas Chofetz Chaim in Forest Hills, New York, and Lakewood Yeshivah in New Jersey -- it remained far less known in the wider Jewish community than the competing spiritual approach of hasidism.
The musar revival in the United States began in the late 1990s, as websites with Jewish content began offering lessons. It accelerated with the publication in 2002 of Morinis’s book.
Several reasons explain the emergence of musar among non-Orthodox Jews. On one hand, as more Jews express dissatisfaction at what’s offered at typical synagogues or want more than just prayer, many continue to express a hunger for a spirituality that’s relevant to their daily lives, rabbis and lay leaders say. Moreover, many Jews who once were drawn to Eastern practices, for example, are beginning to yearn for a spiritual practice that is authentically Jewish, and some of them are finding it in musar, especially because -- as it is now being presented -- it doesn’t require knowledge of Hebrew or a strong background in religious texts.
That doesn’t make the new musar practice any less authentic, says Orthodox Rabbi Micha Berger, who established the AishDas Society (www.aishdas.org) as a resource for Orthodox Jews and speaks to both Orthodox and non-Orthodox audiences on Jewish thought, musar and the meaning of prayer.
Salanter "didn’t teach the same musar in Paris that he did in Lithuania, notes Berger, referring to the last 15 years of Salanter’s life, when he dealt with modern, assimilated western European Jews. He spoke of the ‘fear of punishment’ in addition to the fear or awe of heaven. And yet, a truly authentic current master of musar today, Rabbi Shlomo Wolbe [of Israel], says that for our generation musar must be taught with love; almost always the carrot, never the stick."
Adds Berger, "Musar always saw itself as a step beyond halakhic practice that would allow one to gain more meaning from that practice." Moreover, he says, "the non-Orthodox community isn’t adapting or trans-valuing ideas. They’re finding which authentic items they can use."
Ironically, what has also fueled renewed interest in this all but forgotten practice is the internet. A Google search will yield numerous websites and email lists that are intended to explain, inspire and support the practice of musar. In addition, in the last 10 years more books on the subject have been translated into English than ever before, including new translations of several musar classics. The result: Never before has it been so easy to access the discipline.
So what does musar look like in practice and how can it make a difference in anyone’s life? The short answer is that musar is a body of literature, an ethical philosophy, and a daily spiritual practice that, like psychotherapy, say its new practitioners, can lead to greater awareness of habits that tend to pose obstacles in our lives. Traditionally, the transformative practice was seen as a way to help Jews follow the mitzvot and halakhah, a practice obviously still relevant in the Orthodox world. And even within observant communities, says Berger, the number of people interested in musar has doubled or tripled in the last few years.
But what’s also changing is that even in the less observant world, the practices are being rediscovered as a process that adds depth to daily life in relation to the self, others, and, often, one’s sense of God’s presence. One common method in which musar is applied to everyday life is called heshbon hanefesh, or "accounting of the soul." It prescribes a 13-week daily practice, focusing on a different character trait (such as patience, humility, truth, gratitude, equanimity) each week. (The practice was first articulated in 1812 by Rabbi Menachem Mendel Levin of Ukraine, in a book simply called "Heshbon Hanefesh.")
The method calls for practitioners to begin by creating a list of 13 traits of behavior they want to change in themselves. They then collect phrases that capture the ideal expression of each trait. Levin’s suggested phrase for decisiveness, for example, is: "All of your acts should be preceded by deliberation; when you have reached a decision, act without delay." Musarniks then focus on their one trait a week by doing two things a day: every morning for a week, they read their phrase, reminding themselves of their goal; every night at bedtime, they jot down in a journal their observations on the trait that they had during the course of the day. At the end of the week, they turn their attention to the next trait. Over time, musar masters say, adherents begin to notice trends in their behavior, and that awareness can mark the first step in their inner transformation. Conveniently, 13 divides into the 52 weeks of a year an even four times, meaning the cycle can be repeated four times annually, each time with the possibility of greater awareness and the potential to make real personal transformation.
Such practices are being adopted by new practitioners along with meditation, chanting, the reading of musar texts, and meeting in groups or with partners to discuss their efforts.
But does musar work? As with dieting, it depends how religiously you maintain the discipline. Yet even those new to the practice say they’ve noticed real change in their lives. Marian Bell, a 51-year-old nutritional consultant and member of the Houston musar group, says she tried to study kabbalah, a version of which has become popular with the Hollywood set. But she found there was nothing she could take home and use in a practical everyday way for personal growth. "Musar gave me practical and strong emotional ways of looking at myself and growing," says Bell, who is active in a Reconstructionist havurah.
Indeed, when the week came to work on the midah, or trait, of "truth," Bell says she realized "how many lies I was telling myself about my business, how I do things and how I speak." She changed ways she operates her business and even how she converses with others, all "in a new way that speaks a different truth for myself."
Lisa Forma, a married 50-year-old mother of three teenage daughters living in the Sierra Nevada foothills outside Sacramento, California, recalls "one of those pivotal moments" in her relationship with one of her closest friends. Forma had planned to keep a difficult truth from her, a decision Forma knew would forever paint the relationship since the two women had always been open and honest. As she anguished over her predicament, a musar email lesson about truth arrived, and Forma knew that if musar was to mean anything in her life, she had to be honest with her friend, as painful as it might be. "We worked though it and saved the relationship," recalls Forma. "It was as close to life-changing as I can imagine."
Or consider the progress of Kalinka Moudrova-Rothman, a 44-year-old lawyer who attends a Reform synagogue in Brooklyn. "The impact has been incredible," she says. "I feel more in control of my life and less as a person to whom things are happening." A perfectionist by nature, Moudrova-Rothman says she was surprised to discover that she resented the musar practice of accountability. "I hate to admit I ever did anything wrong," she says. Yet when she worked on the trait of forgiveness, which required admitting her fallibility, she felt great relief. And when she studied the concept of the yetzer hara, or evil inclination, she was able to see what messages, often in the form of rationalizations, the yetzer hara uses to manipulate her and prevent her from doing what she knows would be in her best interest.
All three women probably would never have begun a musar practice had they not read Morinis’s book or enrolled in his online six-month courses on musar, which he began offering shortly after "Climbing Jacob’s Ladder" was published. Morinis, 54, grew up a secular Jew in a Canadian family defined more by gefilte fish and Milton Berle than anything religious, though he had taken an interest in Eastern religion as a student. He had never heard of musar until a string of events that began in 1997 when his documentary filmmaking business crashed. "It could have been another business failure, not so unusual in this fast-paced and risky world, but this fiasco nearly shattered me," Morinis writes in the book. "Day after day, I was consumed by blackness. I spent hours immobilized on the couch, compulsively going over the details of my own actions. I had painted false pictures, made promises I should have known I couldn’t keep, given people unrealistic projections, betrayed trust. Day after day, I cried with remorse." By chance, a friend handed him a book on the history of Jewish spirituality; when he read something about this practice called musar, it struck a chord deep within him.
A Rhodes scholar who had earned a PhD at Oxford for his work on pilgrimage in the Hindu tradition, Morinis poured himself into reading all he could about musar practices. When books weren’t enough, he searched for a teacher, and found one in Rabbi Yechiel Yitzchok Perr, head of Yeshiva Derech Ayson of Far Rockaway, Long Island, New York, 3,000 miles from his home in Vancouver. The search was a journey of discovery that Morinis chronicled in his book. (Since then, Morinis’s Jewish practice has continued to evolve to more Jewish learning, which in turn has led to greater awareness of halakhah and mitzvot, and a desire to take on more.)
Amazed at what he saw as a treasure of wisdom and practices essentially unheard of outside the Orthodox world, Morinis created a website (www.morinis.ca), which serves as a kind of one-stop center for all things related to musar. He provides links to purchase classic musar books or to learn about other courses and resources. He offers audiotapes of recent musar talks; and details information about his six-month distance-learning course, reading discussion groups, and a new three-month program that synagogues and Jewish community centers can use.
In September, Morinis is offering a new course through Siegel College in Cleveland using interactive video stream technology. In addition, Morinis monitors a musar discussion list at yahoogroups.com and was responsible for organizing the conferences in New York last year and the one in Houston last spring.
Although most of his students are non-Orthodox, Orthodox rabbis have recognized his talent for making the discipline accessible to 21st-century Jews. This summer, in a pilot program funded by the Afikim Foundation, an incubator for creative Jewish educational initiatives, Morinis is teaching Orthodox rabbis from across the United States how they can teach musar in their communities. He also crisscrosses North America, lecturing and running workshops with a schedule that has him booked through next spring.
Morinis is not the only one spreading the word. Zvi Miller, a 50-year-old Orthodox rabbi formerly of New Jersey, emails brief musar lessons, called e-musar, almost daily, from his study in his Ramat Beit Shemesh apartment in Israel (miler23@netvision.net.il). Earlier this year, completing an effort that took six years, Miller finished the first-ever English translation of the writings of Rabbi Salanter. One scholar, Rabbi Hillel Goldberg of Denver, Colorado, a disciple of musar masters and author of three books on the history and spirituality of the movement, calls the book, "Ohr Yisrael" (Targum/Feldheim, 2004), "a monumental piece of work" for English readers who want access to primary musar sources but who don’t read Hebrew fluently.
The book and Miller’s emails are part of a general effort to promote musar by the Salant Foundation, named after Rabbi Salanter. Six other musar books produced by the Salant Foundation, including one for children, are in the works, as well as a pilot program designed for U.S. synagogues.
"Musar is medicine for the soul," says Miller, who rises at 5 in the morning and walks down the street to pray at an Orthodox synagogue, after which for at least an hour, he studies musar and does hitpa’alut.
Miller’s translation isn’t alone on the English bookshelf. Among others are "The Duties of the Heart" by ibn Paquda, originally written in Arabic in 11th-century Spain, and "The Path of the Just" by Luzatto, written in 18th-century Italy (both published by Jason Aronson, 1996).
Those translations come with commentaries by Orthodox rabbi Yaakov Feldman, who lives in Spring Valley, about an hour’s drive north of New York City. Feldman was a child of the 60s ("deep into Zen and Taoism," he says) when someone introduced him to a translation of a musar classic "Orhot Tzaddikim" (The Ways of the Righteous), published anonymously nearly 500 years ago. He found it "delightful," and it started him on a path back to Judaism. Soon, he found himself studying at a yeshivah, mastering Hebrew and Aramaic. When he was able to read another musar classic in its original Hebrew, he was confounded because the English translation didn’t begin to convey the book’s beauty and meaning. "They were old translations from the 30s or 40s in high church Protestant English," Feldman recalls. Since then, he’s devoted his life to providing modern translations and commentaries so the books speak to readers with modern sensibilities.
Beyond writing nearly every morning and counseling afternoons, Feldman teaches an online musar course called Spiritual Excellence with 4,400 subscribers, but he suspects even more read it since it’s posted on www.torah.org, which gets about 50,000 hits a month.
Outside the Orthodox world, an increasing number of other frameworks besides those offered by Morinis are flourishing. Rabbi Ira Stone, a Conservative spiritual leader at Congregation Beth Zion-Beth Israel in Philadelphia, and a student of musar for most of his 30-plus year career, created a Musar Institute last year that includes three hours a week of Torah study, musar text learning with emotional intensity, and interpersonal group work. (His own book on musar, "The Yoke of Your Neighbor," is due out this fall.) The course met with such success that he’s offering two classes next fall, on top of a similar course on New York’s Upper West Side, which he teaches under the auspices of Hadar, a minyan near the Jewish Theological Seminary, where he has taught musar as well.
Across the continent in San Francisco, Rabbi Helen Cohn of Congregation Emanu-El, the largest Reform synagogue in Northern California, introduced a program that focused on 13 midot, after so many of her congregants clamored for a daily Jewish spiritual practice beyond prayer and rituals. To keep track of congregants’ experiences and which midah they were focusing on each week, one member, Jonathan Marx, whose company builds websites, offered to create one for the group. Today more than 160 people are practicing musar, using the site, www.ashrei.com, as their meeting place, with some online participants logging in from Russia, Nepal, New Zealand and Brazil. (The site was nominated this year for a Webby Award, honoring the world’s best websites, from the International Academy of Digital Arts and Sciences.)
Because musar, done right, demands honest self-scrutiny and self-examination, the emerging interest in musar "is never going to be a fad," says Goldberg, the musar scholar and author.
Morinis agrees: "It involves something many people don’t like to do, which is take a good hard look at yourself. That’s why musar is so counter-culture. Our society is a society of distractions and diversions. Musar is the exact opposite. It is not about diversion, but being very introspective."
Still, as the gathering in Houston and the one in New York illustrate, those rediscovering musar in the early 21st century -- observant and less observant -- are exuding a kind of enthusiasm seldom seen in Jewish circles. Parallel to the well-known concept of tikkun olam, healing the world, musar calls on individuals to practice tikkun hamiddot, or healing the soul.
As for the future, Morinis is planning a third gathering for next year in San Francisco on May 8. As he and others walk in the footsteps of Rabbi Salanter, innovating for a new generation, plans are in the works to explore how the disparate musar programs might link up to form a more unified musar movement for the 21st century, or whether such an idea is even desirable. "The challenges we face in our generation," says Morinis, "are bigger and more powerful in some ways than those faced by any previous generation."
lfelson@gmail.com
© 2019 Leonard Felson / Designed by Sarah Belzer & Co.
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LASALLE College of the Arts is registered with the Commissioner of Charities as an Institution of a Public Character (IPC)
©2019 LASALLE College of the Arts. Copyrights. All rights reserved.
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