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__label__cc	0.511028	0.488972	ATF Agent John Capano Here in NYC we have lost 2 officers in the past 2 weeks. The latest is is ATF Agent John Capone. May he Rest in Peace. In the new year I will be ear to discuss may PD topics including to Police officers dealing with the Mentally ill. I wish you all a Happy New Year and look forward to chatting with you in the New Year. Posted by Jakdanels at 8:37 PM No comments: Links to this post Pittsburgh Crips Gang Members Sentenced to Prison for Racketeering Charges WASHINGTON – Two members of the Pittsburgh Crips criminal enterprise were sentenced yesterday in federal court to 154 and 120 months in prison, respectively, on charges of conspiring to conduct a racketeering enterprise, announced Assistant Attorney General Lanny A. Breuer of the Justice Department’s Criminal Division and U.S. Attorney David J. Hickton of the Western District of Pennsylvania. Terrance Clark, 22, aka “Doo Wop,” was sentenced to 154 months in prison and three years of supervised release and Lamon Street, 20, aka “M-Dot,” was sentenced to 120 months in prison and three years of supervised release. Clark and Street each pleaded guilty to one count of conspiracy to engage in a racketeering conspiracy earlier this year. According to the guilty plea, Clark, Street and others participated in a pattern of racketeering activity that included multiple acts involving gun point robberies; attempted murders; drug distribution, including cocaine, heroin and crack cocaine; and obstruction of justice and witness intimidation. According to court documents, Clark was a member of the Northview Heights/ Fineview Crips, a criminal street gang operating out of the Northview Heights public housing facility in the Northside neighborhood, and in the nearby Fineview neighborhood. The gang had been operating in Northside since 2002, when in 2003 it formed an alliance with the Brighton Place Crips to expand the gang’s drug trafficking territory and increase the gang’s capability for violence. Street was a member of the Brighton Place Crips, a criminal street gang that controlled an area of Brighton Place and Morrison Street, also known as the Mad Cave, and Federal Street in the Northside area of Pittsburgh. The Brighton Place/Northview Heights Crips gang maintains exclusive control over drug trafficking in these neighborhoods through continuous violence and intimidation of rivals and witnesses. Members of the gang support each other through payment of attorneys’ fees, bond, jail commissary accounts and support of incarcerated members’ families. In addition, the Brighton Place/Northview Heights Crips gang maintains an ongoing feud with the Manchester Original Gangsters, a criminal street gang located in the Manchester area of the Northside Section of Pittsburgh. Brighton Place/Northview Heights Crips gang members identify themselves by wearing blue, using Crips gang hand signals, and using phrases such as “Cuz,” “C-Safe,” “Loc,” and “G.K.” Members and associates of the enterprise obtained greater authority and prestige within the enterprise based upon their reputation for violence and their ability to obtain and sell a steady supply of illegal drugs. According to court documents, Clark and Street each acted as a “hustler” or distributor of heroin, cocaine and crack cocaine for the gang. Clark also acted as a “soldier” or enforcer for the gang, providing protection for the enterprise through the commission of violent crimes. Also yesterday, co-defendant Hosea Ghafoor was sentenced to 18 months in prison. Clark, Street and Ghafoor are among 26 defendants charged in February 2010 with being members of, and conducting racketeering activity through, the Brighton Place/Northview Heights Crips gang. This prosecution resulted from a Project Safe Neighborhoods Task Force investigation that began in 2005. To date, all members of the Brighton Place/ Northview Heights Crips who were charged in this indictment have pleaded guilty to racketeering charges. This case is being prosecuted by Assistant U.S. Attorneys Charles A. Eberle and Troy Rivetti of the Western District of Pennsylvania and Trial Attorney Kevin L. Rosenberg of the Criminal Division’s Organized Crime and Gang Section. The case was investigated by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives; the City of Pittsburgh Bureau of Police; the Allegheny County, Penn., Police Department; and the Allegheny County Sheriff’s Office. Accused Killer of Mexican Toddler Extradited to Tijuana, Mexico WASHINGTON – Joshua Moses Morales, 36, of San Diego, was extradited to Mexico today, where he is wanted to stand trial for the alleged 2009 killing of a toddler in Tijuana, Baja California, announced U.S. Attorney Benjamin B. Wagner of the Eastern District of California and Assistant Attorney General Lanny A. Breuer of the Justice Department’s Criminal Division. According to the extradition request submitted by Mexico, Morales is charged with aggravated homicide after allegedly sexually abusing and killing the two-year old daughter of his girlfriend on Feb. 6, 2009. The alleged killing occurred when the girlfriend was at work and had left her daughter with Morales at their Tijuana apartment. Later that evening, the toddler was taken to a local hospital where she was pronounced dead due to alleged severe bodily trauma. Morales, who is a U.S. citizen, then allegedly fled to the United States. The U.S. Marshals Service arrested Morales in Corcoran, Calif., in February 2010. In April 2011, following an extradition hearing in federal court in Fresno, Calif., the court certified his extraditability to Mexico. Morales then filed a writ of habeas corpus challenging the court’s findings and his continued detention, and the court denied that writ in December 2011. “Continued cooperation with Mexican law enforcement agencies to improve public safety in both countries has been a priority for the U.S. Department of Justice,” said U.S. Attorney Wagner. “This case exemplifies that kind of cooperation. By working together, we ensure that fugitives cannot evade justice simply by crossing the border.” “We will continue to work with Mexican authorities to ensure that dangerous criminals are not allowed to seek safe haven in Mexico or the United States,” said Assistant Attorney General Breuer. “The extradition of Mr. Morales reflects the Justice Department’s steadfast commitment to our law enforcement partnership with Mexico.” This case was handled by Assistant U.S. Attorney Ian Garriques of the Eastern District of California and Senior Trial Attorney Valinda Jones of the Office of International Affairs in the Justice Department’s Criminal Division. Assistance was also provided by the U.S. Marshals Service. The 3rd China International Disaster Reduction and Emergency Service Show The 3rd IDRES CHINA 2012 will be held in May 7th - 9th, 2012 at China World Trade Center, Beijing. The great show is Sponsored by Office of the State Committee for Disaster Reduction, National Disaster Reduction Center of Ministry of Civil Affairs, China Association for Disaster Prevention and Trade Development Bureau of Ministry. The last session is one China activities during National Disaster Reduction Day, which attracted wide attention from all ranks besides medias. CCTV, BTV, Beijing Broadcasting, People Daily, Xinhua Express, Guangming Daily, Economy Daily, China Daily, China News Express, Beijing Youth, International Commerce, China Economy Guide, Beijing News, China Social News and other medias had been here for interview and report. This show is the biggest one of this field around the world, which covered 12,000 sqrs, and nearly 200 exhibitors participated in the fair from US, Germany, France, UK, Danmark, Austria, Israel, Japan, Singapore, HK-Mocau-Taiwan religon and China Mainland. More than ten thousand visitors come to the show, they are from national authorities for disaster prevention and reduction, local authorities of civil affairs, research & institute, natural disaster organizations of disaster prevention and relief, search & rescue, aid, quarantine and research institute, material reserve systems, purchase dept, overseas embassy, and China Rep of UN. The 3rd show is also a comprehensive exposition with the theme of disaster protection, reduction and emergency, hi-tech characteristic, the purpose is to provide an open platform for disaster reduction and emergency industry. Recently, China allots ten billions yuan to procure disaster reduction equipment and products every year, which means government’s great attention to Chinese disaster reduction affair, we hope more and more dealers come here to improve the national disaster reduction and emergency affairs. If you are engaged in the following industry, you shouldn’t miss the fair. 1. Disaster Forecast and Inspection 2. Disaster Assistance Tech and Equipment 3. Emergency Security Equipment 4. Emergency First-aid and Quarantine 5. Emergency Rescue 6. Consulting Agencies 7. Relief Material Reserves and Public Disaster Reduction and Emergency Service 8. Safety Protection Tech and Equipment 9. Advanced technology of disaster prevention and relief For more details, please feel free to see the attached or directly contact John Zhang. Overseas Business: John Zhang Chinese Name: Zhang Lei (张磊) Mobile: 86 +130 5163 6976 E-mail: ecidrea@yahoo.cn Tel: 86 +(0)10-8329 4491 Fax: 86+(0)10-8329 4738 Former Navajo Police Department Officer Indicted in New Mexico on Civil Rights Charges WASHINGTON – A federal grand jury in Albuquerque, N.M., today indicted a former police officer with the Navajo Police Department on charges related to the sexual abuse of a woman who was in his custody on Jan. 25, 2009, announced the Department of Justice. Lawrence Etsitty Jr., 30, was charged in count one of the indictment with violating the civil rights of the victim when he groped, touched and kissed her against her will, while she was restrained in handcuffs. Count two of the indictment charges Etsitty, with making false statements to the FBI. An indictment is merely an accusation, and the defendant is presumed innocent unless proven guilty. Anyone with information regarding this matter is encouraged to call the FBI at 505-889-1300. This case is being investigated by the Albuquerque Division of the FBI and is being prosecuted by Fara Gold of the Criminal Section of the Civil Rights Division of the U.S. Department of Justice Statement of Attorney General Holder on Increase in Law Enforcement Officer Fatalities WASHINGTON – The National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Fund today released preliminary fatality statistics for 2011, which show a 13 percent increase in the number of federal, state and local officers who died in the line of duty, from 153 in 2010 to 173 in 2011. The data shows that 68 officers lost their lives in firearms-related incidents, 64 officers were killed in traffic-related incidents and 41 deaths were attributed to other causes. “This is a devastating and unacceptable trend. Each of these deaths is a tragic reminder of the threats that law enforcement officers face each day – and the fact that too many guns have fallen into the hands of those who are not legally permitted to possess them,” said Attorney General Eric Holder. “Departments across the country have mourned the loss of too many dedicated colleagues and friends, but my colleagues and I at the Justice Department are determined to turn back this rising tide. I want to assure the family members and loved ones who have mourned the loss of these heroes that we are responding to this year’s increased violence with renewed vigilance and will do everything within our power – and use every tool at our disposal – to keep our police officers safe.” The Department of Justice is advancing officer safety with critical new programs including the Officer Safety Initiative, which provides training programs and information-sharing platforms. In addition, in partnership with the Justice Department’s Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS) Office, the Justice Department’s Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA) has established the Officer Safety & Wellness Working Group. This forum gains and shares information and insight to help enhance programs, policies and initiatives related to officer safety and wellness. The department also is standing behind its commitment to police officers with significant strategic investments to numerous officer safety programs, including BJA’s Bulletproof Vest Partnership program. Since January 2011, 16 officers have been saved due to protective vests purchased in part with funding from this program . In FY 2011, the BJA reimbursed jurisdictions across the United States more than $23 million for 79,684 bullet- and stab-resistant vests. In addition to this life-saving program, the department also is supporting officer safety through programs such as the Preventing Violence Against Law Enforcement and Ensuring Officer Resilience and Survivability (VALOR) program. VALOR is designed to prevent violence against law enforcement officers and ensure officer resilience and survivability following violent encounters during the course of their duties. VALOR provides training and technical assistance to state, local and tribal law enforcement in a variety of ways, and will conduct and disseminate analysis of violent encounters in various forms, including after-action reviews and lessons learned publications. To date, 538 officers have been trained through the program, and more than 100 incidents where officers were forced to use their firearm have been analyzed. VALOR also includes funding that has been allocated to develop training and technical assistance programs – and resources like the Officer Safety Toolkit, which the department released this year to help officers learn how to anticipate and survive violent encounters. Since its release, approximately 5,000 print and electronic copies of the toolkit have been distributed nationwide. The Justice Department also has made significant investments to help launch the Center for the Prevention of Violence Against the Police and to provide additional support for the families of law enforcement officers, especially in times of tragedy. The department also has expanded its Smart Policing Initiative, which fights crime with innovative and evidence-based strategies, granting 16 new awards in FY2011 and bringing the total number of agencies participating to 31. For more information on BJA, including the Officer Safety Initiative, the Bulletproof Vest Partnership program, the VALOR program and the Center for the Prevention of Violence Against the Police and the Smart Policing Initiative go to www.ojp.usdoj.gov/BJA . For more information on COPS, go to www.cops.usdoj.gov . Robbery of IBC Bank Branch in Bethany James E. Finch, Special Agent in Charge of the Federal Bureau of Investigation in Oklahoma, announces today’s robbery of the IBC Bank located at 7723 N.W. 23rd Street, Bethany, Oklahoma. At approximately 5:52 this afternoon, an unknown white female entered the bank and approached a teller at the teller counter. The female presented a note that stated, “I’m armed. Give me all your money. Don’t hit the alarm. No bait bills and don’t call the police until I leave.” The bank teller complied with the demand and gave the robber an undisclosed amount of cash. The robber gathered the money and was last seen heading west on N.W. 23rd Street. She was seen in a black in color, possibly a 1998 model Toyota Camry with tinted windows. The vehicle’s emblem and writing on the vehicle describing it was gold in color. The robber was described as a white female with long, dirty blond hair. She wore a blue baseball style cap, a dark green winter coat, and dark pants. She was using a flip-type cell phone. This robbery is being investigated by the FBI and the Bethany Police Department. Anyone with any information about this robbery may call the FBI at (405) 290-7770 (24-hour number). Callers may remain anonymous. The Oklahoma Banker’s Association offers a reward of up to $2,000 for any information leading to the identification and/or arrest of any person robbing a member bank. Posted by Sergeant Zachary J. Foster at 4:49 PM No comments: Links to this post Labels: Armed Bank Robbery, federal bureau of investigation, oklahoma Maryland Man Sentenced to Nine Years in Prison for Sex Crimes Involving Minors WASHINGTON—Andrew Ramos, 26, of Landover, Maryland, was sentenced today to nine years in prison on federal charges of traveling interstate to engage in illicit sexual conduct, enticing a minor, and possession of child pornography, announced U.S. Attorney Ronald C. Machen Jr., James W. McJunkin, Assistant Director in Charge of the FBI’s Washington Field Office, and Cathy L. Lanier, Chief of the Metropolitan Police Department (MPD). Ramos pled guilty on August 30, 2011 in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia. The Honorable Rosemary M. Collyer sentenced him today. Upon completion of his prison term, Ramos will be placed on 10 years of supervised release. He also will be required to register as a sex offender. According to the government’s evidence, on March 2, 2010, an undercover officer with the FBI’s Child Exploitation Task Force entered a social network site. The defendant contacted the undercover officer and they subsequently began communicating. During their conversation, Ramos expressed interest in having sexual contact with an underaged child. Over the course of the next year, the defendant engaged in numerous discussions with the undercover officer, during which they discussed plans for meeting and engaging in sexual acts with the child. On March 15, 2011, the defendant traveled from Landover to his workplace in the District of Columbia and subsequently to a pre-arranged meeting place in Washington, D.C. When he arrived at the meeting place, he was arrested. He has been in custody ever since. Following his arrest in March 2011, members of law enforcement identified videos of child pornography that Ramos possessed in his residence in Landover, Maryland. Law enforcement also learned of an additional incident involving an actual underaged child who Ramos traveled to meet in February 2011, for purposes of engaging in sexual acts. Ramos traveled from his residence in Landover to Woodbridge, Virginia, where he met the child. This case was brought as part of the Department of Justice’s Project Safe Childhood initiative and investigated by the FBI’s Child Exploitation Task Force, which includes members of the FBI’s Washington Field Office and MPD. Project Safe Childhood is a nationwide initiative to combat the growing epidemic of child sexual exploitation and abuse launched in May 2006 by the Department of Justice. Led by U.S. Attorneys’ Offices and the Criminal Division’s Child Exploitation and Obscenity Section (CEOS), Project Safe Childhood marshals federal, state, and local resources to better locate, apprehend and prosecute individuals who exploit children, as well as to identify and rescue victims. For more information about Project Safe Childhood, please visit Projectsafechildhood.gov. In announcing the sentence, U.S. Attorney Machen, Assistant Director McJunkin and Chief Lanier praised the MPD detectives and special agents of the FBI Child Exploitation Task Force. They also commended Assistant U.S. Attorney David Last, who prosecuted the case. Labels: Child Pornography, crimes against children, Enticement of a Minor, federal bureau of investigation, metropolitan police department Robbery of Bank of Albuquerque Branch A man with a handgun robbed the Bank of Albuquerque,4201 Wyoming Blvd NE, on Thursday afternoon. The FBI and Albuquerque Police Department are looking for a suspect described as a white male, 25-30 years old, approximately 5’10” tall, with a medium build. He wore a black beanie, black scarf, white sweater, black gloves, blue jeans and white tennis shoes. Witnesses say the suspect entered the bank at approximately 2:19 p.m. He covered his mouth and nose with the scarf. The suspect approached the counter, pulled out a black handgun and demanded money from the teller. The man left the bank with an undisclosed amount of money. He was last seen walking east on La Mirada Place NE. Bank robbery is punishable by a 20-year prison sentence for each offense and the penalty increases if a dangerous weapon is used in the commission of the crime. Anyone with information about this bank robbery is asked to call the Albuquerque FBI Office at (505) 889-1300 (24 hours) or Albuquerque Metro Crime Stoppers, anonymously, at 843-STOP. The FBI may pay a reward of $1,000 for information leading to the suspect’s arrest and conviction. Labels: albuquerque police department, Armed Bank Robbery, federal bureau of investigation Husband and Wife Sentenced in Phony Commercial Driver’s License Scheme PHILADELPHIA—A federal judge today sentenced Vitaliy Kroshnev, 49, and his wife Tatyana, 46, of Richboro, Pennsylvania, for their participation in a scheme to provide out-of-state residents with Pennsylvania driver’s licenses and Pennsylvania commercial driver’s licenses (CDL). Vitaliy Kroshnev was sentenced to 30 months in prison; Tatyana was sentenced to 24 months in prison. The defendants owned and operated the “International Training Academy,” arranging for hundreds of non-residents of Pennsylvania to fraudulently obtain Pennsylvania commercial driver’s licenses between 2007 and 2010. The couple pleaded guilty to conspiracy to produce and aiding and abetting the production of an identification document without lawful authority. Vitaliy Kroshnev also pleaded guilty to making a material false statement. The Kroshnevs paid other members of the conspiracy for allowing their home addresses to be used by ITA clients, who resided out-of-state, to submit to the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation as false proof of Pennsylvania residency. In addition to the prison terms, U.S. District Court Judge Norma L. Shapiro ordered three years’ supervised release for each defendant and a forfeiture money judgment of $445,450. The case was investigated by the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the United States Department of Transportation Office of Inspector General. It was prosecuted Assistant United States Attorneys Frank Labor, Michelle Morgan, and Trial Attorney Margaret Vierbuchen, U.S. Department of Justice, Organized Crime and Gang Section. Posted by Sergeant Zachary J. Foster at 10:52 PM No comments: Links to this post Labels: federal bureau of investigation, Fraud Conspiracy, pennsylvania Informational: Federal Court Arraignments The United States Attorney’s Office announced that during a federal court session in Missoula, on December 21, 2011, before U.S. Magistrate Judge Jeremiah C. Lynch, the following individuals were arraigned: DAN OAHEYO TWO FEATHERS, a 55-year-old resident of Hamilton, appeared on charges in three separate cases as follows: CR 11-57-M-DWM—conspiracy to commit investment fraud, investment fraud, receipt of stolen money in interstate commerce, and money laundering; CR 11-58-M-DWM—conspiracy to commit investment fraud, investment fraud, receipt of stolen money in interstate commerce, and money laundering; and CR 11-59-M-DWM—investment fraud, receipt of stolen money in interstate commerce, and money laundering. He is currently released on special conditions. If convicted of these charges, TWO FEATHERS faces possible penalties of 20 years for each charge of investment fraud; 10 years for each charge of receipt of stolen money and money laundering; and five years for each charge of conspiracy to commit investment fraud. He also faces a fine of $250,000 and three years’ supervised release on every charge. Assistant U.S. Attorney Carl E. Rostad is the prosecutor for the United States. The investigation was a cooperative effort between the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the Criminal Investigation Division of the Internal Revenue Service. SHAWN ANTHONY SWOR, a 42-year-old resident of Missoula, appeared on charges of conspiracy to commit investment fraud, investment fraud, receipt of stolen money in interstate commerce, and money laundering. He is currently released on special conditions. If convicted of these charges, SWOR faces possible penalties of years 20 years for investment fraud; 10 years for receipt of stolen money and money laundering; and five years for conspiracy to commit investment fraud. He also faces a fine of $250,000 and three years’ supervised release on every charge. Assistant U.S. Attorney Carl E. Rostad is the prosecutor for the United States. The investigation was a cooperative effort between the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the Criminal Investigation Division of the Internal Revenue Service. JEFFREY PEET FRAZSER, a resident of Bozeman, appeared on charges of conspiracy to distribute methamphetamine and distribution of methamphetamine. He is currently detained. If convicted of these charges, FRAZSER faces possible penalties of a mandatory minimum of five years in prison and could be sentenced to 40 years, a $2,000,000 fine and four years’ supervised release. Assistant U.S. Attorney Timothy J. Racicot is the prosecutor for the United States. The investigation was a cooperative effort between the Missouri River Drug Task Force and the Drug Enforcement Administration. The defendants pled not guilty to the charges. The charge—an indictment, information, or complaint—is merely an accusation and all persons named as defendants are presumed innocent until proven guilty. A pre-trial conference and a trial date will be set and the United States will be required to prove the allegations set forth in the indictment beyond a reasonable doubt. Labels: drug trafficking, federal bureau of investigation, investment fraud, Money Laundering Kirby Lofts Trio Pleads Guilty HOUSTON—Derwin Frazier, Veronica Frazier, and Felton Greer have pleaded guilty for their respective roles in connection with fraudulently obtaining home loans in the Kirby Lofts condominium complex and others, United States Attorney Kenneth Magidson announced today. Derwin Frazier, 45, of Pearland, Texas, pleaded guilty to one count of conspiracy to launder money, while Veronica Frazier, 43, also of Pearland, pleaded to one count of conspiracy to commit wire fraud arising from a scheme to defraud residential lenders in connection with single family residences and individual condominium purchases in a building located at 917 Main Street in Houston, also known as the “The Kirby Lofts.” Greer pleaded guilty to one count of filing a false income tax return for failing to report funds he was paid to act as a borrower on the loans. The fourth superseding criminal information alleged the Kirby Lofts and other single family homes were sham sales. From about December 2004 to October 2006, Derwin Frazier recruited individuals with good credit to act as borrowers in applications for mortgage loans to purchase units in Kirby Lofts and elsewhere. Co-conspirators assisted these “straw borrowers” with providing false information and documents, including bogus letters and false verifications of bank balances, to induce lenders to fund residential home purchases. Derwin and Veronica Frazier submitted invoices for payment from loan proceeds and used the money to pay themselves and straw borrowers from loan proceeds. U.S. District Judge Lee Rosenthal, who accepted the pleas today, has set sentencing for May 15, 2012, at 9:00 a.m. At that time, Derwin Frazier faces up to 10 years’ imprisonment, while Veronica Frazier and Greer face a maximum five and three years, respectively. All three also face a fine of up to $250,000. All defendants have also agreed to pay restitution, as ordered by the court. Today’s pleas bring the total to five people who have pleaded guilty for their roles in the Kirby Lofts mortgage fraud scam. Brenda East, 50, currently incarcerated on an unrelated matter, and Duane Wardell, 49, of Palestine, Texas, previously pleaded guilty to conspiracy to commit wire fraud and are pending sentencing on April 25 and May 18, 2012, respectively. With the exception of East, all defendants have been released on bond. The investigation leading to the charges was conducted by the FBI and Internal Revenue Service-Criminal Investigations. Assistant United States Attorneys Belinda Beek and Martha Minnis are prosecuting the case. The case is part of President Barack Obama’s Financial Fraud Enforcement Task Force and was part of “Operation Stolen Dreams,” a nationwide dragnet which targeted mortgage fraudsters throughout the country, the largest collective enforcement effort ever brought to bear in contronting mortgage fraud. Labels: federal bureau of investigation, loan fraud, texas Robbery of Wells Federal Bank Branch in St. Peter On December 22, 2011, at approximately 6:55 a.m., a bank robbery occurred at Wells Federal Bank, located at 1618 South Minnesota Avenue, in St. Peter, Minnesota. The robber seized control of a bank employee who was arriving at work. The robber showed the bank employee a black handgun and demanded cash. After receiving an undisclosed amount of cash, the robber fled from the bank. The robber was described as a white male, early to mid-20s, 6’ tall, 180-200 lbs., medium build, wearing a red and black two-tone jacket, light colored pants, black shoes or boots, black face mask, and black gloves. If anyone has any information regarding this robbery, they are requested to contact the FBI at (612) 376-3200 or the St. Peter Police Department, (507) 931-1550. Labels: Armed Bank Robbery, federal bureau of investigation, minnesota, st. peter police department Final Defendant in Pawn Shop Case Pleads Guilty in Scheme to Sell $20 Million Worth of Stolen Merchandise BALTIMORE—William Cooper Jr., age 38, of Baltimore, pleaded guilty today to conspiracy to transport stolen goods. With today’s plea, all 16 defendants have been convicted of their roles in the scheme. On December 9, 2011, a federal jury convicted co-defendant Jared Baroloto, age 38, of Monkton, Maryland, of conspiracy to transport stolen property across state lines, a money laundering conspiracy and one count of interstate transportation of stolen property. Today’s guilty plea was announced by United States Attorney for the District of Maryland Rod J. Rosenstein; Postal Inspector in Charge Daniel S. Cortez of the U.S. Postal Inspection Service-Washington Division; Chief James W. Johnson of the Baltimore County Police Department; Special Agent in Charge Richard A. McFeely of the Federal Bureau of Investigation; Baltimore Police Commissioner Frederick H. Bealefeld III; and Acting Special Agent in Charge Jeannine A. Hammett of the Internal Revenue Service-Criminal Investigation. According to his plea agreement, from 2007 to March 2010, Cooper admitted that he and others were involved in the purchase and sale of mass quantities of stolen over-the-counter medications, health and beauty aid products, gift cards, DVDs, tools and other merchandise. Pawn shops purchased large amounts of stolen items from shoplifters, also known as “boosters.” The boosters would steal products from Target, Safeway, Wal-Mart, Kohl’s and other retailers in Maryland and other states. Investigators observed boosters bringing in large bags full of stolen material. The stolen items often had retail security labels and merchandise tags still on the products. According to testimony at his three week trial, co-defendant Jared Baraloto would obtain stolen material from pawn shops, including shops owned by other co-conspirators. Baraloto often had his workers bring the stolen material from the pawn shops to TS Liquidators, where the items would be cleaned and prepared for shipment in interstate commerce. Co-conspirator Jerome Stal paid Baraloto approximately $1.8 million for his stolen materials. Baraloto and Stal later opened Blue Diamond Jewelry and Loan, a pawn shop located at 3438 Annapolis Road in Halethorpe, Maryland, where they also purchased some of the stolen goods, deliberately ignoring obvious evidence that the items were stolen. Cooper was employed by defendants Jared Ezra and Spencer Garonzik, among others, and received some of the stolen products at We Buy Pawn Shop, Shine Corner Pawn Shop and other locations. Cooper coordinated with several “boosters” the purchase and drop-off of the stolen items at the pawn shops for which he worked. Cooper also purchased presumably stolen material at We Buy from an undercover agent. Cooper knew that many of the indicted defendants participated in the scheme. Some of the defendants also had on-line auction sites, such as eBay and Amazon.com, where they would sell the stolen products far below normal retail value. Cooper was one of the defendants who maintained such an eBay account. The stolen products were then delivered to unsuspecting customers by mail. Cooper and other defendants received payment using PayPal accounts and through financial institutions in Maryland. On March 25, 2010, agents from the U.S. Postal Inspection Service, Baltimore County Police Department and the FBI executed search warrants at We Buy, Shine Corner, TS Liquidators and the pawn shops in this case. Agents recovered in total well over $1 million in stolen merchandise, approximately $1 million in bank accounts and over $140,000 in cash from these shops. Although the entire conspiracy involved approximately $20 million in stolen merchandise, at least $400,000 but less than $1 million in stolen products was reasonably foreseeable to Cooper. Cooper faces a maximum sentence of five years in prison and a $250,000 fine. Sentencing is scheduled for April 13, 2012, at 11:00 a.m. before U.S. District Judge Benson E. Legg. No date has been set for Baroloto’s sentencing. United States Attorney Rod J. Rosenstein thanked the U.S. Postal Inspection Service; Baltimore County Police Department; Federal Bureau of Investigation; Baltimore Police Department; and Internal Revenue Service—Criminal Investigation for their work in this investigation and commended Assistant United States Attorneys Sujit Raman, Barbara S. Sale and Sean O’Connell, who are prosecuting the case. Labels: baltimore city police department, baltimore county police department, baltimore police department, federal bureau of investigation, maryland, selling stolen goods Two Las Vegas Men Sentenced to 20 and 25 Years in Prison for Cocaine Distribution and Money Laundering Conspiracy WASHINGTON—Two Las Vegas men were sentenced yesterday in the District of Nevada to 20 and 25 years in prison for their roles in an international cocaine distribution and money laundering conspiracy, Assistant Attorney General Lanny A. Breuer of the Justice Department’s Criminal Division and U.S. Attorney Daniel G. Bogden of the District of Nevada announced today. U.S. District Judge Gloria M. Navarro sentenced Jose Lopez-Buelna, aka “Miguel,” 51, to 20 years in prison, and Erik Dushawn Webster, 47, to 25 years in prison. Lopez-Buelna and Webster were also sentenced to five years of supervised release. Lopez-Buelna pleaded guilty on Feb. 16, 2011, to conspiracy to distribute five kilograms or more of cocaine, conspiracy to launder money, and two counts of money laundering. Webster was convicted by a federal jury on Feb. 18, 2011, of conspiracy to distribute five kilograms or more of cocaine and conspiracy to launder money. At the sentencing hearings, the court found that the drug distribution conspiracy in this case involved 150 kilograms or more of cocaine. According to court documents and trial testimony, from 2007 through October 2009, Lopez-Buelna and co-defendant Jesus Gastelum recruited various individuals, including Webster and others, to drive motor homes outfitted with sophisticated, lead-lined, hidden compartments throughout the United States, Mexico and Canada. The hidden compartments were used to store large amounts of cocaine and drug proceeds. Lopez-Buelna and Gastelum ordered the motor home drivers to make stops at various destinations, including Atlanta, Chicago, New York and Montreal, where the cocaine was unloaded and bulk cash was loaded into the hidden compartments. The motor home drivers then transported these proceeds from the cocaine distribution back to Mexico. Testimony at trial also indicated that Webster recruited additional motor home drivers to drive a motor home registered in his name across the U.S./Mexico border and back to various destinations in the United States. Gastelum was charged with conspiracy to distribute five kilograms or more of cocaine, conspiracy to launder money, money laundering and other charges. He remains a fugitive in this case. Another co-defendant charged in the conspiracy, Adolph Vargas, aka “Adolph Vargas Ibarra,” aka “Al,” pleaded guilty in January 2011 to conspiracy to distribute five kilograms or more of cocaine and one count of money laundering. Vargas was sentenced in November 2011 to 97 months in prison followed by two years of supervised release. On July 22, 2011, the court entered a final forfeiture order in the case against all of the defendants. The forfeiture order included two recreational vehicles, two .38 caliber semi-automatic pistols, various vehicles and more than $4 million, all of which represented drug proceeds that law enforcement recovered during the course of the investigation of this case. The case was investigated by the FBI, the Drug Enforcement Administration, the Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department and the Internal Revenue Service-Criminal Investigation. The case was prosecuted by Trial Attorneys Marty Woelfle and Margaret Honrath of the Criminal Division’s Organized Crime and Gang Section, with substantial assistance from the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the District of Nevada. Posted by Sergeant Zachary J. Foster at 6:58 PM 1 comment: Links to this post Labels: drug enforcement administration, drug trafficking, federal bureau of investigation, internal revenue service, las vegas metropolitan police department, Money Laundering, nevada Two Plead Guilty to Mortgage Fraud COLUMBIA, SC—United States Attorney Bill Nettles stated that James Lee Putnam, age 40, and Alissa Rae Smith, age 29, both of Myrtle Beach, pled guilty today in federal court in Florence to conspiracy to make a false statement, a violation of Title 18, United States Code, Section 371. United States District Court Judge Robert Bryan Harwell accepted the plea and will impose sentence after he has reviewed the presentence report which will be prepared by the U.S. Probation Office. Testimony presented at the guilty plea hearing established that Mr. Putnam conspired with others to accept a payment of $36,500 from the proceeds of a real estate transaction. The payment was not reflected on the settlement statement for the transaction, which was provided to the lender. Testimony revealed that Ms. Smith received a payment of over $200,000.00 from the proceeds of a real estate transaction. The payment was reflected on the settlement statement, but was based on a fraudulent invoice. Mr. Nettles stated the maximum penalty Putnam and Smith can receive is a fine of $250,000 and/or imprisonment for five years, plus a special assessment of $100. The case was investigated by agents of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Assistant United States Attorney John C. Potterfield of the Columbia office handled the case. Labels: federal bureau of investigation, Mortgage Fraud, south carolina West Seneca Man Pleads Guilty to Online Enticement of a Minor and Receipt of Child Pornography BUFFALO, NY—U.S. Attorney William J. Hochul, Jr. announced today that Jason Bek, 30, of West Seneca, N.Y. pleaded guilty before U.S. District Judge Richard J. Arcara, to coercion and enticement of a minor and receipt of child pornography. The charges carry a maximum penalty of life in prison, a $500,000 or both. Assistant U.S. Attorney Maura K. O’Donnell, who is handling the case, stated that the defendant used the Internet and telephone to attempt to persuade, induce, entice, and coerce a person who he believed to be a 13-year-old child to engage in sexual activity. In actuality, the 13-year-old child was fictional, and the defendant’s online conversations were with law enforcement officers posing as various individuals. Bek was arrested in May 2011, when he arrived at a pre-arranged meeting with the minor for purposes of engaging in sexual activity. The defendant was in possession of alcohol and prescription drugs, which he intended to give to the minor. In addition, Bek pleaded guilty to the knowing receipt of child pornography in March 2011. The defendant possessed in excess of 150 images of child pornography on his computer. This case was brought as part of Project Safe Childhood, a nationwide initiative to combat the growing epidemic of child sexual exploitation and abuse launched in May 2006 by the Department of Justice. Led by United States Attorneys’ Offices and the Criminal Division’s Child Exploitation and Obscenity Section (CEOS), Project Safe Childhood marshals federal, state, and local resources to better locate, apprehend and prosecute individuals who exploit children via the Internet, as well as to identify and rescue victims. For more information about Project Safe Childhood, please visit www.projectsafechildhood.gov. The plea was the culmination of an investigation on the part of special agents of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Cyber Crime Task Force, under the direction of Special Agent in Charge Christopher M. Piehota and Detectives and Officers from the Cheektowaga Police Department, under the direction of Chief David Zack. Sentencing is scheduled for April 19, 2011, at 12:30 p.m. EST, in Buffalo, N.Y., before Judge Arcara. Labels: cheektowaga police department, Child Pornography, crimes against children, federal bureau of investigation, new york Cyber Alerts for Parents & Kids Tip #1: Be Prudent When Posting Images Online With the explosive popularity of smartphones and social media platforms, sharing photos has never been easier. Millions of pictures are uploaded to the web every day, and camera-enabled mobile phones are the perennial top-selling consumer electronic devices. So it’s a safe bet that even more photos will be cropping up on image-hosting communities and personal websites. But what exactly is being shared? In some cases, you might unwittingly be letting others know where you live and work and your travel patterns and habits. These details can be revealed through bits of information embedded in images taken with smartphones and some digital cameras and then shared on public websites. The information, called metadata, often includes the times, dates, and geographical coordinates (latitude and longitude) where images are taken. While the geospatial data can be helpful in myriad web applications that plot image locations, it also opens a door for criminals, including burglars, stalkers, and predators. It’s not a stretch to imagine young teens’ images of their ventures to the mall or beach being culled by web predators and meticulously plotted on online maps. “It’s not something we think is happening. We know it’s happening,” said Kevin Gutfleish, head of the Innocent Images Intelligence Unit in the FBI’s Cyber Division. The unit provides analysis and assessments of emerging threats for the operational arm of the Innocent Images National Initiative, which targets child pornography and sexual predators. “The way that images are being posted in real time allows others who have access to see the metadata and see where the photos were taken and reveal their location at that time,” Gutfleish said. An intelligence analyst in the FBI Criminal Division’s Crimes Against Children Unit said these details can reveal a “pattern of life,” particularly when images posted over time are clustered in geographic locations. “It doesn’t have to be in real time to be dangerous,” said the analyst. “Historical data can tell you a lot about individuals’ day-to-day habits and may indicate where they are most likely to be at a certain time.” Some popular social media sites automatically scrub metadata from images before they are published. On the other hand, some leverage the data to display location information beside the images. An amateur sleuth could easily pinpoint a location using the available latitude and longitude coordinates. “Even if they don’t intentionally say where they are, the photos could reveal that,” Gutfleish said. “And that could present a potential danger.” Gutfleish said he has seen an increase in intelligence reports and complaints about the potential misuse of the metadata embedded in photos. He said the proliferation of online tools that aggregate personal information from social networking and image hosting sites is enough to urge a level of caution. He suggests mobile phone users at the very least check the “options” or “settings” on their phones (and any applicable mobile applications) to see if they are sharing location information. In many cases, the default setting is to share location information. “It’s just a best-practice if you don’t want to give out your location,” Gutfleish says. “We simply want to make sure people know this is happening.” This story is the first in an occasional series aimed at providing practical web advice and tips for parents and their kids. Disabling the Location Function Disabling the photo geotagging function on mobile phones varies by manufacturer, but is generally a straightforward process. On one of the most popular models, users can simply navigate to the following folders: Settings > General > Location services The path to location-based services options varies from phone to phone. Users should take special care when enabling or disabling location services (which may include navigation functions), or disabling applications (like photos) accessing the GPS data. Consult your phone manufacturer’s guidelines for more information. Labels: crimes against children, cyber crime, federal bureau of investigation Los Angeles Man Indicted for Defrauding Woman Out of More Than $7 Million in Divorce Proceeds SACRAMENTO, CA—United States Attorney Benjamin B. Wagner announced that a 14-count indictment was unsealed today following the arrest of Troy Stratos, 45, currently of Los Angeles. He is charged with 11 counts of wire and mail fraud, two counts of money laundering, and one count of obstruction of justice. Stratos was arrested this morning in Los Angeles and will make an initial appearance before U.S. Magistrate Judge Alicia G. Rosenberg at 2:00 p.m. today. According to the indictment, Stratos defrauded a woman of at least $7 million by convincing her that he would manage the proceeds of her divorce by investing them overseas where they would earn a high rate of return. Stratos represented to the woman that he was himself wealthy and successful and involved in the entertainment industry. At Stratos’s request and instruction, the woman executed a revocable trust with Stratos in Fair Oaks into which she placed the cash proceeds of her divorce and houses. Stratos then opened a bank account in Florida connected with the trust. The indictment alleges that Stratos never invested any money overseas as he promised. Instead, he diverted substantial sums of money from the trust for his own personal use. He also used portions of the money to pay the woman’s expenses, misrepresenting to her that he was spending his own money to pay for her expenses. The indictment alleges that Stratos told the woman that he knew members of Middle Eastern royal families and that he could broker the sale of her house in Granite Bay to them. To facilitate the sale, Stratos convinced the woman that she needed to lease luxury automobiles to make the property more enticing and that they would be purchased as part of a package deal with the house. At Stratos’s request and instruction, the woman leased several luxury cars. In fact, Stratos lived in the house and made use of the automobiles, and there was never any deal arranged to sell the property to a royal family. After much of the initial cash assets had been used by Stratos, he convinced the woman to refinance several homes she owned to pull out equity, including in Granite Bay and Sacramento. Stratos told the woman this was necessary to cover her expenses while her assets were invested overseas. In fact, Stratos never invested any assets overseas, and Stratos used portions of the equity derived from refinancing the houses to pay for his own expenses. The indictment further alleges that in February 2007, Stratos’s bookkeeper was served with a grand jury subpoena that called for the production of documents relating to Troy Stratos. Stratos told the bookkeeper to not produce some of the documents covered by the subpoena. This case is the product of an investigation by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Assistant United States Attorney Todd Pickles is prosecuting the case. If convicted, Stratos faces a maximum statutory penalty for the wire and mail fraud of 20 years in prison, a three-year term of supervised release, and a $250,000 fine. The maximum statutory penalty for the money laundering and obstruction of justice charges is 10 years in prison, a three-year term of supervised release, and a $20,000 fine. The actual sentence, however, will be determined at the discretion of the court after consideration of any applicable statutory factors and the Federal Sentencing Guidelines, which take into account a number of variables. The charges are only allegations and the defendant is presumed innocent until and unless proven guilty beyond a reasonable doubt. Posted by Sergeant Zachary J. Foster at 11:44 AM No comments: Links to this post Labels: california, federal bureau of investigation, mail fraud, Wire Fraud Tennessee Man Pleads Guilty to Making Threatening Calls to Virginia Congressman ALEXANDRIA, VA—Glendon Swift, 62, of Lenoir City, Tenn., pleaded guilty today to making threats against Rep. Eric Cantor, R-Va., and his family. Neil H. MacBride, United States Attorney for the Eastern District of Virginia, and Michael F. A. Morehart, Special Agent in Charge of the FBI’s Richmond Field Office, made the announcement. Pursuant to a Rule 20 consent to transfer jurisdiction, Swift pled guilty today in the Eastern District of Tennessee to threatening a family member of a federal official. The defense and government jointly recommended in the plea agreement a prison sentence of 13 months. He will be formally sentenced on April 4, 2012. According to court documents, an unknown male left two voice-mail messages with Rep. Cantor’s Glen Allen, Va., office the evening of Oct. 27, 2011. The screaming, profanity-laden messages stated that the caller was going to destroy Rep. Cantor, rape his daughter and kill his wife. A Congressional staff member retrieved the messages, alerted the U.S. Capitol Police, which sought the assistance of the FBI to identify and locate the individual who made the calls. Swift was identified as the individual who subscribed to the phone number used to make the call. He was arrested without incident on Nov. 2, 2011 by the FBI in Knoxville and the Lenoir City Police Department after having been interviewed by law enforcement. The investigation was conducted by the FBI’s Richmond and Knoxville Field Offices, the U.S. Capitol Police, and the Lenoir City Police Department. Assistant United States Attorney Jamie L. Mickelson is prosecuting the case on behalf of the United States. A copy of this press release may be found on the website of the United States Attorney’s Office for the Eastern District of Virginia at http://www.justice.gov/usao/vae. Related court documents and information may be found on the website of the District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia at http://www.vaed.uscourts.gov or on https://pcl.uscourts.gov. Labels: federal bureau of investigation, lenoir city police department, threat, U.S. Capitol Police, virginia Eagle Butte Woman Arraigned on Charges of Child Abuse and False Statements U.S. Attorney Brendan V. Johnson announced that an Eagle Butte woman has been indicted by a federal grand jury for child abuse and neglect and making false statements to a federal agency. Alex White Eyes, age 22, was indicted by a federal grand jury on December 14, 2011. She appeared before U.S. Magistrate Judge Mark A. Moreno on December 20, 2011, and pled not guilty to the indictment. The maximum penalty upon conviction is 15 years’ imprisonment on the child abuse charge and five years on the false statements charge. The charges are merely accusations, and White Eyes is presumed innocent until and unless proven guilty. The investigation is being conducted by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Assistant U.S. Attorney Britt M. Haxton is prosecuting the case. White Eyes was released on bond pending trial. A trial date has not yet been set. Labels: child abuse, crimes against children, false statements, federal bureau of investigation Brookline Man Sentenced for Foreign Economic Espionage BOSTON—A Brookline man was sentenced today by U.S. District Court Judge Denise J. Casper to six months in prison, followed by six months in home confinement and electronic monitoring, and fined $25,000 for committing foreign economic espionage. This is the first prosecution in Massachusetts for foreign economic espionage and only the eighth in the nation. Elliot Doxer, 43, had previously pleaded guilty to one count of foreign economic espionage for providing trade secrets over an 18-month period to an undercover federal agent posing as an Israeli intelligence officer. United States Attorney Carmen M. Ortiz said, “Foreign espionage poses serious risk to our nation’s security and to corporate America. I want to commend the investigators and prosecutors in this case, and thank Akamai Technologies, Inc. for their cooperation and assistance. Thanks to the outstanding cooperation between law enforcement and Akamai Technologies, Inc., the government was able to thwart a potential breach in our national and corporate security.” “Mr. Doxer’s criminal actions were an affront to the dedicated workers in the thriving technology industry. The Federal Bureau of Investigation’s investigation of him should not go unnoticed by those who seek to steal trade secrets and confidential business information,” said Richard DesLauriers, Special Agent in Charge of the FBI in Boston. “Preventing, deterring, and detecting those intent on stealing trade secrets and American technology from local industry leaders is a high priority for the FBI. Because the Boston area is a worldwide leader of innovative technology and research, the FBI has a vigorous program to educate companies on the enormous threat posed by economic espionage and teaches companies how to detect and deter it. I also want to recognize the U.S. Postal Inspector’s Service, which provided the FBI with substantial assistance during the investigation.” On June 22, 2006, Doxer sent an e-mail to the Israeli consulate in Boston stating that he worked in the finance department of Akamai Technologies, Inc., and was willing to provide any information that might help Israel. In later communications, Doxer said that his chief desire “was to help our homeland and our war against our enemies.” He also asked for payment in light of the risks he was taking. In Sept. 2007, a federal agent posing as an undercover Israeli intelligence officer spoke to Doxer and established a “dead drop” where the agent and Doxer could exchange written communications. From Oct. 2007 through March 2009, Doxer visited the dead drop at least 62 times to leave information, retrieve communications, and check for new communications. Included in the trade secret information that Doxer provided the undercover agent were an extensive list of Akamai’s customers; contracts between the company and various customers revealing contact, services, pricing, and termination date information; and a comprehensive list of the company’s employees that revealed their positions and full contact information. Doxer also broadly described the company’s physical and computer security systems and stated that he could travel to the foreign country and could support special and sensitive operations in his local area if needed. Because Akamai’s information was disclosed only to an undercover agent from the beginning, the information was never in danger of actual exposure outside the company. We acknowledge the Government of Israel for their cooperation in this investigation, and underscore that the Information does not allege that the government of Israel or anyone acting on its behalf committed any offense under U.S. laws in this case. We would also like to acknowledge and thank Akamai Technologies, Inc., for its assistance throughout all stages of the investigation and prosecution. U.S. Attorney Ortiz; SAC DesLauriers of the FBI; and Robert Bethel, Inspector in Charge of the U.S. Postal Inspection Service made the announcement today. The case was prosecuted by Assistant U.S. Attorneys William D. Weinreb and Scott L. Garland, respectively in Ortiz’s Antiterrorism and National Security Unit and Cybercrimes Unit, and by Trial Attorneys Kathleen Kedian and David Recker of the Department of Justices’s Counter-espionage Section. Labels: espionage, federal bureau of investigation, Israel, massachuetts Franklin Bank Robbery On December 20, 2011, at approximately 1:45 p.m., a bank robbery occurred at Franklin Bank located at 1527 East Lake Street in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The robber, who was described as a white male, entered the bank and approached the teller counter with a handgun. The robber demanded and received cash from the victim teller. After receiving an undisclosed amount of cash, the robber fled from the bank. The robber was described as a white male in his mid 30s. He stood approximately 6’0” in height and had a medium build. He wore a black mask, a khaki jacket, a grey cap, black gloves, and blue jeans. The robber also brandished a small handgun during the robbery. The FBI believes the serial robber nicknamed “the man in black” to be responsible for this robbery. If anyone has any information regarding this robbery, they are requested to contact the FBI at (612) 376-3200 or the Minneapolis Police Department. There is a $25,000.00 reward for information leading to both the arrest and conviction of this individual. Labels: Armed Bank Robbery, federal bureau of investigation, minneapolis police department Hamden Woman Sentenced to Prison for Embezzling More Than $150,000 from Stamford Business David B. Fein, United States Attorney for the District of Connecticut, announced that RENEE BRAGG, 43, of Hamden, was sentenced today by Senior United States District Judge Warren W. Eginton in Bridgeport to six months of imprisonment, followed by three years of supervised release, for embezzling more than $150,000 from her employer. Judge Eginton also ordered BRAGG to serve the first six months of her supervised release in home confinement. According to court documents and statements made in court, BRAGG was employed as a payroll specialist at Omega Engineering, Inc. (“Omega”) in Stamford. The employees at Omega submitted weekly written time sheets to payroll specialists, including BRAGG, who assembled a spreadsheet of that information and e-mailed it to an out-of-state payroll company for processing. For several years, BRAGG engaged in a scheme to defraud Omega by entering false hourly information in the payroll spreadsheet that inflated her own hours worked, which resulted in additional pay to her of between $500 and $3,313 per week. In order to conceal the falsified payroll spreadsheets, BRAGG manipulated the composite report of Omega’s total payroll so that it would reflect BRAGG’s normal pay amounts and not include the additional pay. Between August 2006 and July 2010, BRAGG falsified the payroll spreadsheet for 88 different weeks. During that time, she overpaid herself approximately $150,689 in salary. Omega also paid $11,528 in additional Social Security and Medicare taxes. Today, Judge Eginton ordered BRAGG to pay restitution in the amount of $162,216. On June 30, 2011, BRAGG pleaded guilty to one count of wire fraud stemming from this scheme. This matter was investigated by the Federal Bureau of Investigation and was prosecuted by Assistant U.S. Attorney Christopher W. Schmeisser. Labels: connecticut, embezzlement, federal bureau of investigation New York Man Sentenced to One Year in Federal Prison for Illegally Uploading Copy of X-Men ‘Wolverine’ Movie to Internet Site LOS ANGELES—A New York man who admitted illegally uploading to the Internet a pirated, nearly final “workprint” copy of the movie “X-Men Origins: Wolverine” was sentenced this afternoon to one year in federal prison. Gilberto Sanchez, 49, who resides in The Bronx and who used screen names that were variations on “skillz,” was sentenced by United States District Judge Margaret M. Morrow, who described the offense as “extremely serious.” In addition to the prison term, Judge Morrow imposed one year of supervised release and numerous computer restrictions. “The federal prison sentence handed down in this case sends a strong message of deterrence to would-be Internet pirates,” said United States Attorney André Birotte Jr. “The Justice Department will pursue and prosecute persons who seek to steal the intellectual property of this nation.” Sanchez “uploaded the workprint more than one month before theatrical release, he has a prior conviction for a similar offense, he had been regularly uploading pirated movies for four or five years, and did not appear remorseful after charges were brought,” prosecutors wrote in a sentencing memorandum. Sanchez pleaded guilty in March to one count of uploading a copyrighted work being prepared for commercial distribution. When he pleaded guilty, Sanchez admitted that he uploaded a “workprint” copy of the copyrighted “X-Men Origins: Wolverine” to www.Megaupload.com in March 2009, about one month before the motion picture was released in theaters. After uploading the Wolverine movie, Sanchez publicized the upload by posting links on two publicly available websites, so that anyone who clicked on the links would have access to the movie and be able to download it. Twentieth Century Fox Film Corporation owns the copyright to the movie. “Although Fox was able to get defendant’s Wolverine Workprint removed from his Megaupload account within approximately one day, by then, the damage was done and the film had proliferated like wildfire throughout the Internet, resulting in up to millions of infringements,” prosecutors said in court documents. This case is the result of an investigation by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. CONTACT: Assistant United States Attorney Lisa E. Feldman Computer and Intellectual Property Crimes Section Labels: bootleg merchandise, california, federal bureau of investigation Pittsburgh Crips Gang Members Sentenced to Prison ... Accused Killer of Mexican Toddler Extradited to Ti... The 3rd China International Disaster Reduction and... Former Navajo Police Department Officer Indicted i... Statement of Attorney General Holder on Increase i... Maryland Man Sentenced to Nine Years in Prison for... Husband and Wife Sentenced in Phony Commercial Dri... Final Defendant in Pawn Shop Case Pleads Guilty in... Two Las Vegas Men Sentenced to 20 and 25 Years in ... West Seneca Man Pleads Guilty to Online Enticement... Los Angeles Man Indicted for Defrauding Woman Out ... Tennessee Man Pleads Guilty to Making Threatening ... Eagle Butte Woman Arraigned on Charges of Child Ab... 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__label__wiki	0.718612	0.718612	Suspects charged in connection with vandalism incident October 4, 2018 October 29, 2018 Sydney Deibert Campus News, News UPDATE: Monday October 29, 2018 According to an update of the university’s safety bulletin Monday morning, two suspects have been charged in connection with the vandalism of buildings on the east side of campus at the beginning of the month. According to the update, Justus Kritz, 21, and Spencer Bretz, both of South Bloomfield, Ohio have been charged with six counts each of burglary, breaking and entering, tampering with coin machines, vandalism and possessing criminal tools. Neither of the suspects are students at the university. The suspects were identified through surveillance images which were included in an Oct. 12 safety bulletin update. Original article: Thursday, Oct. 4, 2018 Two unknown individuals vandalized the east side of campus at 9:30 p.m. Monday Oct. 1. The vandalism included foul language in various classrooms, destruction of property, and a fire extinguisher being expelled underneath an office door. Affected rooms are Battelle 235, Learning Center 101, 102, and 103, and the disabilities office. There was also a vending machine vandalized in the basement of Ruff Learning Center. “[They got in to] the Learning Center, Battelle Hall, graffitied the walls, stole a couple items … we’re still investigating the camera footage,” Sergeant Scott Kunkle said about the incident. At the time of entrance, a card swipe was not required and the doors were still unlocked. “We’re still trying to identify the suspects,” Kunkle said. He guessed that the suspects are between the ages of 18 and 25, but they’re unsure whether or not the suspects were students. Kunkle does not believe that the suspects were violent in nature. “It was young kids messing around,” he said. “I think it’s just a random act of vandalism … We’re still investigating it.” Since it’s still under investigation, Kunkle is unsure if the suspects were under the influence of drugs or alcohol and a police report is currently unavailable. There is no estimate on the damages. “We’re looking at burglary charge,” Kunkle said. “[Because] they broke into a secured office.” The suspects are also facing potential charges of criminal damage, criminal mischief, and possession of criminal tools. It is unconfirmed, but Kunkle believes that the suspects possibly found a hammer and a screwdriver on the ground that they then used as criminal tools. A CapAlert was not issued because there was no threat to anyone on campus and police were unaware of the event until the suspects had left. “[CapAlerts] are issued in the case of immediate threat or danger to the campus community once we are notified,” Kunkle said. Dr. Saurav Roychoudhury, who has been with the university for 12 years, was personally affected by the incident, as his office was the one that the fire extinguisher was blown into. “My office was entirely coated in layers of dust (chemicals) emanating from a dry fire extinguisher. It did make a huge mess,” Roychoudhury said. “However, by the afternoon about 80 percent of the mess was cleaned up.” It seems that since the buildings (Ruff Learning Center, Battelle Hall, and Troutman Hall) are all connected, the suspects moved between and around them. “It is likely that the suspect or suspects vandalized the basement vending machines of the Learning Center first, destroyed some IT equipment that was out in the open, and may have stolen an iPad from one of the [Ruff Learning Center] offices,” Roychoudhury said. “When you come up one of the stairwells, my office is the first one on the left and closest to the [fire extinguisher]. I think they had planned to open the door using the fire extinguisher … but ended up discharging it which made the fire alarm start ringing,” he said. “They could not open the door and probably used the space underneath the door to discharge the fire extinguisher.” Roychoudhury is temporarily working in a different office, but said that he should be back in his own by Thursday at the latest after everything gets cleaned up. If you have any tips or details about the suspects or the incidents that occurred Monday night, contact Public Safety at (614)-236-6666. Cabaret Theatre presents ‘Happee Birthdae,’ a Harry Potter fanbase potpourri Doughnut Trail: Columbus edition	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729312
__label__wiki	0.86675	0.86675	A Wine Tasting and Discussion about Japan Meeting was held as always on August 3, 2016 at the representative’s home. The guests included Mr. Hiromi Mitsubayashi, a doctor who has worked as professor in the School of Medicine at Nihon University and a member of the House of Representatives who was the Parliamentary Secretary for the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare until August; Mr. Bryan Gould, Senior Consultant at The Redwood Group Japan, Ltd. who is involved in renewable energy (e.g. solar power) projects; Mr. Arashi Moritomo, who swayed a generation with T-BOLAN and who is still involved in musical activities; Mr. Fumiya Sako, President of the Romanian Chamber of Commerce and Industry in Japan and who is also a monk of the Jodo Shinshu school of Buddhism; and Mr. Masaaki Uchida, Representative Director of TOP CONNECT who carries out consulting operations to connect with top corporate management from a wealth of work experience and a broad network of contacts. They talked about a variety of topics – from politics to economics and culture. Extend the Term of Office of Prime Minister Abe: Make Ms. Tomomi Inada His Successor Mr. Toshihiro Nikai has been appointed the new Secretary-General of the Liberal Democratic Party. Mr. Nikai has connections with both New Komeito and Ms. Yuriko Koike, who has been elected Governor of Tokyo. He does not think exactly the same way as Prime Minister Abe, but he is an excellent and well-balanced individual. Against the background of a new structure, as Mr. Nikai touched upon, the rules of the Liberal Democratic Party should be changed to make it possible for the president to serve a third time. This will allow Mr. Abe to remain as prime minister until he can attend the opening ceremony of the Tokyo Olympic Games that were clinched with his speech. It would then be difficult for the next President of the Liberal Democratic Party to be a man because he would be compared to Mr. Abe. Ms. Tomomi Inada, the new Minister of Defense, has been attracting a lot of attention. It would surely be best if she was the successor to Mr. Abe as the first female prime minister of Japan. Forces seeking constitutional change now have two thirds of the seats in both the House of Councilors and House of Representatives after the House of Councilors election this summer. Nevertheless, the forces seeking constitutional change do not share the same ideas on which amendments are necessary. Therefore, it will not be possible to propose changes to the constitution immediately. However, there is no doubt a great opportunity to change the constitution during the administration of Prime Minister Abe. First, it would surely be best to establish that it is possible to change the constitution and to then make more thorough amendments subsequently. It would be great to see a proposal to make amendments to the constitution in the places where it will be easy to gain a consensus among the forces seeking change to the constitution and among the general public; for example, the preamble to the constitution. High-tech stealth destroyers, like the United States’ Zumwatlt-class destroyers, have become the mainstream among naval forces around the world. These are equipped with cutting-edge science and technology weapons (e.g. laser cannons and rail guns). These weapons require gun barrels produced with Japanese steelmaking technology to manufacture nuclear reactor containment vessels. The Self-Defense Forces deployed a strategy to contain the submarines of the Soviet Union in the Sea of Japan during the Cold War with P-3C patrol aircraft. However, Japan’s opponent is now the Chinese navy which is seeking to increase the number of aircraft carriers in its possession. China is continuing to unilaterally landfill reefs in the South China Sea to turn them into bases and to interfere with the Senkaku Islands in the East China Sea. Meanwhile, North Korea has been launching missiles into the Japanese Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). Tensions in East Asia are continuing to grow. The stable administration of Prime Minister Abe is now the time to strengthen our national power and make a move toward independent self-defense. It is also possible to have great expectations in Ms. Tomomi Inada, the new Minister of Defense. Explosive Situation in the East China Sea: It Is Necessary to Think Seriously about Security There is absolutely no resolve on the part of North Korea to solve the issue of Japanese people abducted by that nation. This is a problem of intent on the Japanese side. Lebanon rescued women abducted by North Korea through tenacious negotiations. Japan sunk suspicious ships from North Korea that appeared frequently in the Sea of Japan one by one until there were no more in terms of Japan-North Korea relations. Recently, official ships from China have trespassed into Japanese territorial waters near the Senkaku Islands. Japan should take the same firm stance against such ships. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Japan is derelict in its duties. This ministry only takes actions that profit the opponents of Japan in concert with the media. It is necessary to have the “forceful backing” to say that Japan will sink ships that encroach upon our territorial waters if they do not comply with commands to leave in negotiations. Mr. Kunio Oda, the former General of the Air Self-Defense Force, wrote on an Internet news site in June that aircraft of the Self-Defense Forces withdrew from the battlefield while using self-defense devices called flares when Chinese military fighters initiated attacking maneuvers against such aircraft that had scrambled over the East China Sea. This is big news. If true, the pressure on Japan by the Chinese military is greater than ever could possibly have been imagined. There is no right of innocent passage for airspace like with territorial waters. The fighter jets of the Chinese military are asserting sovereignty over the Senkaku Islands. Consequently, there is a very real possibility that aircraft of the Self-Defense Forces will be shot down for violating their airspace. The Japanese government has said that what Mr. Oda wrote is not true. However, he is not the type of person who would pass on hoaxes recklessly. Mr. Oda was part of the elite of the elite in the Air Self-Defense Force. He worked as a F4 fighter pilot in the Air-Self Defense Force, studied at the Air University in the United States and served as a visiting research fellow at Stanford University. He is a man of belief who did not become the Air Chief of Staff because he would not criticize the paper of Mr. Toshio Tamogami, the former Air Chief of Staff. The Chinese People’s Liberation Army once focused its resources on its land forces. However, this army has rapidly expanded its naval and air forces in recent years by taking possession of aircraft carriers and introducing fifth generation fighter aircraft. This pressure is now starting to be directed at Japan. Nevertheless, Mr. Trump, the presidential candidate of the Republican Party in the United States, has made statements that suggest he would go as far as to remove the American forces based in Japan. Japan should urgently amend Article 9 of the constitution and develop/strengthen our defense forces. However, this will still take time to do so. Meanwhile, China will surely further strengthen its pressure on Japan. If we are to keep in check the Chinese military that is attempting to land on the Senkaku Islands, it will inevitably lead to bloodshed among members of the Japan Coast Guard and the Self-Defense Forces. There is a very real possibility that the Chinese military will end up occupying these islands if we do nothing because the media creates a furor. It is necessary to think seriously about this crisis. No matter how much the people urge the Self-Defense Forces on, if the right of belligerency is denied by the constitution and it is not possible to take legitimate self-defense at the same level as the police, it will not be possible to use weapons. The details of this can be found in the novel Sensen Fukoku (Declaration of War) by Mr. Iku Aso that has also be turned into a movie. The Self-Defense Forces will not be able to protect Japan in their current state. The people must properly learn and think about the security guarantee. Mrs. Clinton’s Support Has Plateaued: A Trump Presidency Is Highly Likely The U.S. presidential election is now an equal battle between Mr. Trump, the Republican Party candidate, and Mrs. Clinton, the Democratic Party candidate. It may well be that a win by Mr. Trump would be better for Japan than the China-friendly Mrs. Clinton becoming the president. This is because there is a possibility that the momentum for constitutional change/self-defense will increase in the United States and that this will be an opportunity to break free from that country in response to the calls by President Trump to review the state of affairs surrounding the American troops based in Japan. Mrs. Clinton has escaped prosecution from the FBI over the incident in which she used private mail servers for public service. However, doubts have arisen about whether the reason she escaped prosecution was because of political pressure. These doubts are preventing her support from growing. There are also concerns for Mrs. Clinton in that she is not attracting high levels of support from women even though she herself is female. If Mr. Trump is victorious in the televised debates by the presidential candidates from both the Republican Party and the Democratic Party, it seems likely that he will become the president. Mr. Gould is now taking on the challenge of the solar business in Kenya in Africa. Business in Kenya is now at its most enticing. Although the character of the country remains infested with kickbacks and similar, the nation has the advantage of speaking English because it was once a British colony. The country is now experiencing rapid economic development. Uganda and Rwanda are the neighboring countries of Kenya. Rwanda is known for the genocide that occurred in the country in 1994. However, the cause of this genocide was the occupational policy taken by its former colonial power of Belgium. The people of the country who were originally of the same tribe were divided into rich Tutsi and other Hutu based on the number of cattle they possessed. The minority Tutsi governed the majority Hutu as intermediaries of Belgium. After independence, the president was elected by the majority Hutu. The Tutsi resisted this by organizing anti-government forces and the country then temporarily fell into civil war. The personal airplane carrying the president was shot down by a ground-to-air missile when it seemed like peace might be about to break out and he died. This led to the Hutu regime and Hutu extremists massacring Tutsi and Hutu moderates. It is said that about 800,000 people were killed in this incident. This is truly a case in which the divide and conquer strategy pursued by the Western powers gave birth to tragedy. Joint Attack on Pearl Harbor by the Army and the Navy: There Should Have Been Early Reconciliation There is a flow of incorrect information about Japan overseas. It is the media in Japan and overseas that is conveying this incorrect information as if it were true. Japan has taken a weak attitude to this and overlooked these mistakes in silence up to now. However, we should not have to put up with this indefinitely. In addition to the media, politicians should also be striving to convey correct information about Japan overseas. It is very important to think strategically and make sure to win both in business and national politics. It is fine to win or lose in individual battles. At the Battle of Okehazama, Oda Nobunaga achieved victory by launching a surprise attack to target the opposing general as his overall strategy regardless of whether individual soldiers killed or were killed if seen. In the previous war, the Japanese Army was defeated in the Pacific Ocean but won in mainland China. However, the army was defeated because of a failure in their strategy to prolong the war without thinking about supplies. One more cause of the defeat in the previous war was that a simulation was not strategically carried out up to the end of the war unlike with the Russo-Japanese War. In the Russo-Japanese War, there was a scenario in which the navy would annihilate the enemy fleet in the Sea of Japan while the army would retaliate to the extent it would not be defeated even if it could not beat the Russian army and then wait for peaceful mediation by a third nation. However, in the previous war, Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto of the navy committed the folly of starting the hostilities without anticipating their end. For example, he relied on half-hearted replies such as “we will struggle on for half a year or a year and then see.” If Japan had fought against the United States strategically, the army and navy would have worked together to attack Pearl Harbor. The army would then have occupied Hawaii and obtained rich stockpiles of oil and docks. After this, Japan should have attacked the Panama Canal to prevent the entry of the Atlantic Fleet into the Pacific Ocean. It would then have been possible to make a proposal for peace to the United States on favorable terms at that stage. Our reputation as a successful business model in the hotel sector is continuing to grow. APA Hotel is being flooded with various business proposals from all over the world. Among them, there are those from owners of hotels with 300,000 rooms. The deal we have chosen this time is to take over a company with 39 hotels in Canada and the United States. This means that we now suddenly have 40 hotels overseas in addition to the APA Hotel Woodbridge that opened in June in New Jersey in the United States. “You’ll be back.” This is our catchphrase for the global expansion of APA Hotel that was created by commissioning one of the largest advertising companies in the world. This means that if you stay at an APA hotel once, you will definitely want to revisit us because you will want to stay at one of our hotels the next time and the time after that. Meanwhile, we are also brimming with large development projects in Japan. We are currently constructing a 2,400-room hotel in Yokohama, a 1,000-room hotel in Ryogoku Kokugikan and a new hotel in front of the Prime Minister’s official residence. Moreover, in addition to our existing building in Roppongi, we are currently working on plans to construct five new buildings to create a hotel with a total of six buildings. Enhancing Economic and Diplomatic Strength Based on Solid Defense Capabilities Resolving the Northern Territories Issue and Reforming the Constitution are Challenges for the Abe Administration	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729315
__label__wiki	0.664906	0.664906	China University of Geosciences (CUG), located on the bank of East Lake in Wuhan, is a national key university affiliated with the Ministry of Education. Home > About > Overview CUG Overview China University of Geosciences (CUG), founded in 1952, is a national key university affiliated with the Ministry of Education. It is also listed in the National "211 Project", the “985 Innovation Platform for Advantageous Disciplines” and the "Double First-class Plan". CUG, featuring geosciences, is a comprehensive university that also offers a variety of degree programs in science, engineering, literature, management, economics, law, education and arts. Its Geology and Geological Resources & Engineering have both been ranked as national number one disciplines. Its Earth Science, Engineering, Environmental Studies & Ecology, Materials Science, Chemistry, and Computer Science have entered the top 1% of global ESI (Essential Science Indicators), with Earth Science in the top 1‰ of the list. CUG now has two campuses in Wuhan. The main campus is the Optics Valley Campus, located in the heart of the Wuhan East Lake National Innovation Demonstration Zone, which is popularly known as China Optics Valley. The Future City Campus is located in the east of Wuhan and is 27 km from the main campus. These two picturesque campuses cover a combined area of 1,421,758 m2. They are ideal places to study, work, and enjoy life. CUG also boasts four field training centers: Zhoukoudian in Beijing, Beidaihe in Hebei Province, Zigui in Hubei Province, and Badong in Hubei Province. CUG has established a complete education system. As of October 2018, 26,103 full-time students, including 18,140 undergraduate students, 6,312 master's students, and 1,651 doctoral students, have enrolled in its subsidiary 19 schools and 86 research institutes. CUG currently has a faculty of 1,804 full-time teachers, among which there are 505 professors (9 of which are members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences) and 882 associate professors. CUG is focused on fostering high-quality talent. Among its over 200,000 graduates, many have gone on to become scientific and technological elites, statesmen, business leaders and athletes. And they have made great contributions to the nation and society, represented by former Premier WEN Jiabao and 37 members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering. CUG has strengthened exchanges and cooperation with international universities. It has signed friendly cooperation agreements with more than 150 universities from the United States, France, Australia, Russia and other countries. CUG has actively carried out academic, scientific and cultural exchanges with universities around the world. There are about 1,000 international students from more than 90 countries studying at CUG. It also sponsors more than 900 teachers and students to study abroad or conduct international exchanges, and invites more than 400 international experts to visit, lecture, and teach at CUG every year. In 2012, CUG initiated and co-established the International University Consortium in Earth Science (IUCES) with 11 other world-renowned universities. IUCES is committed to promoting the common development of geosciences education and scientific research through resource sharing, exchange and cooperation among its member institutions. In addition, CUG has partnered with Bryant University from USA, Alfred University from USA, and Veliko Turnovo University from Bulgaria in establishing three Confucius institutes on their campuses. (as of October 2018)	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729316
__label__wiki	0.670054	0.670054	Fighting Naruto free online Play free games Naruto fights every day. The best Naruto fighting game online on our website for all fans of online games! Manga and anime version of the same name "Naruto" was conceived and drawn by Masashi Kishimoto. The main character Naruto Uzumaki is a restless and active teenage ninja who dreams to achieve recognition of the society and to become Hokage - the head of his village, and invincible ninja. It is a difficult path, and to go through it and get a sense of respect, Naruto has to overcome many dangers. But first, it is expected to study at the ninja exams, and, then, the battles and missions. Naruto live in a complex world that is created for him by the author. It has become a familiar presence in the Japanese culture demons which should be overcome in fighting them the power of magic and martial arts. For our perception of something new, unknown and not well understood. Eastern culture has been closed to us for so long that we are about it, in fact, know nothing. That develops within the philosophy of the residents of the rising sun for thousands of years, can not be grasped in a couple of decades, other nations. But it is their mysterious component pushes us towards the myths, legends and beliefs that appear in the anime, manga and comics. Dancing with colorful dragons, strange flying serpent designs, a lot of gods and demons, elusive ninja, amulets and idols, bringing good luck - it all looks like a life of wizards and witches. All this recently entered the European and life has not come yet cloying, you can watch a craze all manifestations of eastern civilization, one of which is a computer game fights Naruto. In different subjects, which nebeden computer game world, fans of the manga and anime to join an adolescent ninja Naruto and his friends in the struggle for the restoration of order and achievement. Despite the fact that the game does not reflect the main plot of the original, teenagers like to participate in melee combat, where there is skill and craftsmanship that are the key to victory for one party or another. Naruto fighting games online seem to be very dynamic and require the player to increased attention and skill. Naruto will have to fight against very strong opponents, among them Zazub in battle, use the three phantoms. They move very quickly in the field, and only one chance to give it to hit them loyal, a crushing blow. Naruto will have to sometimes not easy, beating off attack alien invaders, invading our planet for the purpose of conquest. Sometimes the demons will play with you, cloning Naruto and presenting it in a number in front of your eyes. Only your wits and powers of observation to help you find the true hero. But otherwise this is, of course, Naruto games online fighting with elements of martial arts, which are so proficient ninja. If at first you do not go to win - do not worry. Remember that even Naruto did not immediately become a true master. The first manga he very young and barely graduated from high school ninja. It was only later, when he grew up and learned the secret of his past, he set himself the goal of home life and became a lot of training, until it became a real, invincible warrior. Starting in Naruto fighting game play, you will gradually learn all the tricks, but at the same time get the hang of, and control the game, which is a snap. A little speed and diligence, and soon you'll be with Naruto repel the enemy and enter the circle of his friends. If you can not stand injustice and encourage all crave villains to justice, while Naruto fighting game is for you. Pocket Fighters Undead assault Anime Warriors 2 Spear and Katana Blashbeat Prologue Anime Fight Naruto War 1.1 Naruto OF	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729317
__label__cc	0.533936	0.466064	From TSL Encyclopedia The Last Judgment is the initiation in which the individual is called to give account for the energies he has expended during his allotted time of opportunity in the world of form. The, Last Judgment, also known as the Trial of the Sacred Fire, may take place either in the Ascension Temple at Luxor, Egypt, or at the Court of the Sacred Fire on the God Star, Sirius. Candidates for the ascension are reviewed at Luxor, while the unprofitable servants, those who have utterly abused their opportunities to evolve Godward by refusing to multiply their God-given talents, must appear before the Bar of Supreme Justice on Sirius. In the case of the unprofitable servant, this final review of the soul’s experiments in the world of form takes place when the sands in the hourglass have run out, when the soul has spent the last farthing of “energy-opportunity” for all incarnations. On the other hand, the candidate for the ascension may finish his course on time, or ahead of time, to be received by the Hierarch of Luxor with highest honors. This review is called the “last” judgment to distinguish it from (1) the judgments of the God Presence and the Christ Self that occur daily throughout the soul’s many embodiments, and (2) the judgment that takes place at the close of each embodiment when the soul stands before the Lords of Karma to give an accounting of her activities in the world of form. Neither one of these is the “last” judgment; but they may both be thought of as achievement tests, given in order that the soul might know where she stands: whether or not she has “passed” a particular grade, how best to prepare for the test of the next day or the next embodiment, and how ultimately to prepare for the “final exam”—the Trial by Fire. The Trial of the Sacred Fire, whether it is convoked at Luxor or on Sirius, is the final examination of the individual’s every motive, thought, feeling, word and deed with its corresponding cause, effect, record and memory. It is here that the final auditing of the soul’s account takes place: Has the soul multiplied or wasted the talents given by God? What degree of self-mastery has been attained? In what ways has the soul sought to enhance the evolution of life towards its divine completion? In essence, the purpose of the Trial of the Sacred Fire is to determine exactly how brightly the star of the soul shines and to reward her accordingly. 1 The Trial of the Sacred Fire on Sirius 2 The second death 3 The Trial of the Sacred Fire at Luxor 5 For more information The Trial of the Sacred Fire on Sirius On Sirius the Trial of the Sacred Fire takes place in a large circular courtroom surrounded by twelve smaller circular courts, often referred to as “flame rooms.” Thus, the cosmic pattern of the Central Sun with twelve revolving lesser suns is duplicated in the design of the Court of the Sacred Fire. The Twelve Solar Hierarchies are represented at the trial by twelve sets of twin flames, known collectively as the Four and Twenty Elders. At the conclusion of the trial, if the margin of judgment—or, shall we say, the margin of mercy—has awarded the soul another opportunity, the sentence is pronounced and the Court is adjourned. The soul is then escorted to an antechamber whence she may be taken to a retreat for instruction before reembodying, which may occur within a fortnight. But if it is considered that he would not alter his course, even if further opportunity in embodiment were given to him, the Court calls for an immediate reckoning of his accounts. After he has been given his “last rites,” the sacred tone—the keynote of his Presence—is sounded, and the sacred fire is released through his soul and four lower bodies. The current from Omega rises from the base of the dais, and the current from Alpha descends through the canopy overhead. The soul whose works have been of God is immortalized by the sacred fire; but the soul whose deeds have been evil—the soul who has used God’s energy to spawn a veil of illusion—is consumed. If the soul fails this exam, she goes through the second death (the first death being the death of the physical body; the second death being the death of the soul) and her individuality is remembered no more. The second death The second death comes as an act of mercy to those souls whose karma is so heavy that the suffering that would be entailed in the balancing of their debt to Life is considered by the Elders to be too great for any lifestream to bear. Actually, it is God in man who is crucified daily by the weight of men’s sins, and He does not choose to bear their burdens indefinitely—hence the second death is the means whereby God himself is liberated from the vile consciousness of men. In the process of the second death, the Creator withdraws the energies he has invested in the individualization of the soul. This takes place automatically as the sacred fire passes through the personality consciousness, through the cause, effect, record and memory of all that has transpired within the forcefield and pattern of identity, and through the four lower bodies. As these energies are relieved of the stamp of personal impurity, they are drawn into the heart of the sacred fire and thence into the Great Central Sun Magnet (the white-fire core of the Central Sun) where they are purified—repolarized with perfection—and returned to the reservoir of God’s creative power, the Great Causal Body, from which they will eventually be released in the mold of a newly created soul. At the same time that the individual is passing through the Trial by Fire at the Court of the Sacred Fire on Sirius, his negative creations are being cast into the lake of fire for repolarization. The individualized God Presence of the lifestream who has passed through the second death is drawn into the Universal God Presence, and the Christ Self becomes one with the Universal Christ. In the case of twin flames, if one has passed through the second death and the other is continuing on the spiritual path, the latter must wait until the Lord of Creation fashions another divine complement after the same pattern held in the Causal Body of the one remaining. This new soul will have to go through the tests of self-mastery in the world of form like any other soul, eventually to find reunion with the twin flame, who may or may not have ascended by the time this one attains perfectionment. The Trial of the Sacred Fire at Luxor The sons and daughters of God must pass through the ritual of the Last Judgment in preparation for the final test of the sacred fire and their ultimate reunion with the God Presence. This is the judgment that is reserved for the blessed Servant Sons referred to in the Book of Revelation, who “loved not their lives unto the death.”[1] The Ascension Temple at Luxor is the place prepared for the last judgment of those who have passed through the schoolroom of earth and earned the right to sit at the right hand of God.[2] The final test of the sacred fire is not given to the candidate unless the Hierarch of the retreat considers that the soul is fully prepared to meet God. Hence, before they are brought to the Court of the Sacred Fire, weeks, months or years of training in the Ascension Temple may be required of those disciples who are lacking in one or more of the requirements for the ascension. The Four and Twenty Elders are represented at Luxor by the Council of Twelve Adepts. This Council is composed of twelve ascended masters appointed by the Elders and is presided over by the chohan of the fourth ray, currently Serapis Bey. The Chohan, who is the thirteenth member of the Council, represents both the personal and the Universal Christ. Two-thirds of the Council must agree that the disciple is ready for the Trial of the Sacred Fire before he may be summoned to the Last Judgment. In a circular courtroom, almost identical to the one on Sirius, the disciple is brought to the center dais where he kneels at the feet of his own Christ Self, who throughout his many embodiments has been his Higher Mentor (hence the term “Higher Mental Body”). This individualized Christ Self, functioning as the Mediator between the Higher and the lower self, is completely familiar with the entire evolution of the disciple whom he has disciplined to the point of self-mastery. His intimate association with the God Presence and his role as the voice of conscience qualifies him to mediate with the Hierarch who will pronounce the judgment of the Almighty. The candidate for the ascension, who must finish at the top of his class at Luxor before he is considered for the Last Judgment, faces the Hierarch, who sits in the seat of judgment on the twelve o’clock line. The Twelve Adepts are seated as in the Court of the Sacred Fire from the nine to the three o’clock lines, six on either side, each member of the Council representing one of the sets of the twelve twin flames on the Court of Sirius. Other ascended members of the Hierarchy who may be called to testify are seated from the three to the nine o’clock line. The Angel of Record stands at the six o’clock position and represents the Keeper of the Scrolls, who on occasion appears himself to honor the candidate. Other members of the graduating class, not yet ascended, are seated in the second and third rows behind the ascended masters from the three to the nine o’clock line. The mighty seraphim stand in pairs at each of the doors at the three, six and nine o’clock lines. These guardian angels of purity also have the privilege of escorting the candidate through the tunnel under the six o’clock line to the center dais. To be summoned to the Last Judgment at the Court of Luxor is the highest honor that can come to unascended man prior to his ascension. The purpose of this judgment is not the disposing of the individual into that “everlasting fire prepared for the devil and his angels” on Sirius; rather it is a sacred ritual performed for those who are supremely ready for the ascension, but whose energies must be weighed before they may proceed with the final initiations of the sacred fire. If perhaps the last one-fifth of one percent of their remaining karma may yet require transmutation, the Court may decree that this shall be accomplished through a single act of valiant service rendered from the etheric plane to embodied humanity or to the ascended masters. Or, it may be the decision of the Council that the disciple should withdraw to his chamber for a fortnight to invoke one or more of the flames of God in order to bring his soul, together with his etheric, mental and emotional bodies, into the perfectly balanced expression of the power, wisdom and love of the Christ. This Final Judgment reveals to the Lords who sit on the bench with the Christ Self the stress and strain of the disciple’s experiences throughout his many embodiments, including his successes and failures along the way. During the examination, the disciple’s entire life record is studied and weighed; and his attitude toward the testing of his soul is considered as important as his actual victory over every trial. Of course, without complete humility before God and without the transmutation of all human pride, he could never have gained entrance into the outer, much less the inner court of the Halls of Luxor. One of the most important questions asked by the Council of Twelve is whether or not the example set by the disciple while in embodiment is one that would be desirable for all mankind to follow. Has he openly proclaimed the teachings of the Christ and of the Brotherhood? Has he taken a stand for right in the midst of oppression and adversity, challenging the sinister force entrenched in the civilization of his time? Has he left well-defined footprints on the sands of time that those who follow him may trace and thereby find their victory? Or has he sown matrices of error as stones of stumbling in his brothers’ pathway that will prevent their fulfilling the requirements of the Law? If so, has he removed these barriers through subsequent service to Life? The recommendations that are given at the close of this Trial involve the final preparation of the lifestream for the initiations of the transfiguration and the resurrection, which he must pass prior to his ascension. If all of the required initiations have been passed during the disciple’s final embodiment, he is still given the opportunity to participate in these two rituals before entering the Flame Room where he will undergo the final test of the sacred fire and the ritual of the ascension. There have been cases where the recommendation of the Council has been to send the disciple (in his finer bodies) into the world to perform a special service for the Brotherhood: perhaps a mission to Paris, to Moscow, to New York, or wherever the need is greatest. In rare cases the Council recommends another embodiment of service in order that the candidate might gain more experience in the world of form in preparation for the time when he will serve from ascended levels with embodied humanity. When there is great need in the world, the candidate may petition the Council for another opportunity to serve in the world of form even though he has earned his ascension. In the case of Saint Germain, who ascended approximately sixty years after the close of his embodiment as Francis Bacon, the Lords of Karma awarded him the privilege of taking on a physical form after his ascension in order that he might make a valiant effort to unite Europe and to prevent the French Revolution. The courtroom ceremony is only the beginning of a series of initiations through which the candidate for the ascension must pass in order to complete the ritual of the Last Judgment: the transfiguration, the crucifixion and the resurrection. Mark L. Prophet and Elizabeth Clare Prophet, The Path to Immortality, chapter 3. Mark L. Prophet and Elizabeth Clare Prophet, The Path to Immortality, pp. 224–39. ↑ Rev. 12:1. ↑ In special cases advanced initiates are taken to the Cave of Light or the Cave of Symbols, where they are given the necessary assistance to complete the raising of the four lower bodies either in the Atomic Accelerator, the Sphere of Light or the Cosmic Focus in the Cave of Light. Under certain conditions, ascensions may also take place in other retreats of the Brotherhood or from the exact spot where individuals have passed through the transition; of course it is not necessary to pass through death in order to ascend, as many Avatars have proven. Therefore, the ascension may take place anywhere or anytime it is ordained by God—providing the requirements of the Law have been met. Retrieved from "http://encyclopedia.summitlighthouse.org/index.php?title=Last_Judgment&oldid=4760"	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729319
__label__cc	0.510773	0.489227	home // News // Fluoridation Gamble Fails the Test of Time // Fluoridation Gamble Fails the Test of Time Source: Republic Magazine, Issue 13, pages 6-10 \| Director, Fluoride Action Network Location: United States, National USA • Download this article which includes graphs and cartoons – in pdf format Water fluoridation began in the United States where today approximately 184 million people are currently served by fluoridated water supplies. The practice had it origins in observations made by researchers who were investigating the cause of a strange mottling and discoloration of the teeth in children living in parts of Colorado, Texas, and some other areas in the US. In 1931, fluoride was found to be the cause of this condition and it was renamed “dental fluorosis.” McKay, a dentist, and other researchers, noted that while the teeth looked horrible, these children had less tooth decay. These early researchers assumed that because fluoride mottled teeth it must also be the reason these teeth didn’t decay. However, they overlooked high amounts of calcium and other tooth-building nutrients in the water. They didn’t know what we know now – fluoride is neither a nutrient nor required for healthy teeth. H. Trendley Dean of the US Public Health Service (PHS) pursued the matter. He characterized dental fluorosis into 4 levels of severity – very mild, mild, moderate and severe. Then in 1942 he produced his famous 21-City study that purported to show, that as the fluoride in the water increased, tooth decay went down. The decay decreased sharply from 0 to 1 ppm (1 ppm = 1 milligram of fluoride per liter) and then flattened off (see Figure 1). He also noted that at 1 ppm only about 10% of children were impacted with dental fluorosis. Thus was born the notion of the “optimal” level of fluoride being1 ppm. Trials of artificial fluoridation began in 1945 in Grand Rapids, Michigan, Newburgh, NY, and Brantford, Ontario, using water-soluble sodium fluoride (not the naturally occurring calcium fluoride). The Great Fluoridation Gamble In 1950, before any of these trials had been completed, the PHS endorsed fluoridation. By so doing, they were taking a huge gamble on four fronts, 1) that swallowing fluoride actually reduced tooth decay, 2) that it would only lead to about 10% of children developing dental fluorosis in its mildest form, 3) that when a child developed dental fluorosis, no damage was being done to any other growing tissue in its body and 4) that fluoride would have no ill effect on adults. This clearly was not a scientific decision, because the science wasn’t in, since neither the trials nor any health studies had been completed. What the PHS did know was that dental fluorosis was a systemic effect, meaning that fluoride had to enter the body to cause the damage to the growing tooth cells. Thus the key gamble made by the PHS in 1950 was that fluoride could damage the child’s growing tooth cells, by some undetermined biochemical mechanism, without damaging any other growing tissues or organs in the child’s body. The great fluoridation gamble has failed Over the 60 years since fluoridation began, dental fluorosis rates in the US have skyrocketed. A recent report shows that 32% of children in the US now have dental fluorosis, and not all restricted to the very mild level category. 3-4% have dental fluorosis in its moderate and severe levels (CDC, 2005). This is due to more sources of fluoride available today (toothpaste and other dental products; pesticide residues and processed food and beverages made produced in fluoridated areas). Starting in the 1980’s, studies have shown little, if any, difference in tooth decay between fluoridated and non-fluoridated communities, states or countries. According to a review by Dr. David Locker of the University of Toronto, conducted for the Ontario Government: “The magnitude of [fluoridation’s] effect is not large in absolute terms, is often not statistically significant, and may not be of clinical significance.” A recent article in the British Medical Journal shows that, according to World Health Organization (WHO) data, tooth decay in 12-year olds has been coming down as fast in non-fluoridated countries as fluoridated ones (Cheng et al., 2007). A similar plot is shown in Figure 2. Furthermore, the early trials have been shown to be riddled with methodological weaknesses (Sutton, 1996), and the findings of Dean’s 21-city study have been seriously questioned (Ziegelbecker, 1981). Most serious is the growing body of evidence that fluoridation is harmful to health. Fluoride accumulates in the bones and the first symptoms of damage are identical to the symptoms of arthritis: aching joints and bones. Further accumulation makes the bones more brittle and may lead to a possible increase in hip fractures in the elderly. The evidence for this is mixed. Fluoride was once used by European doctors to lower the thyroid function of patients suffering from hyperthyroidism and the doses used are reached by some individuals in fluoridated communities. In the US, millions of people suffer from hypothyroidism, and even more with subclinical hypothyroidism, for which the symptoms are tiredness not relieved with sleep, lethargy, obesity, and depression. There are over 50 animal studies that show that fluoride damages the brain and changes behavior. Studies from China indicate that fluoride damages the fetal brain and there are now a total of 23 studies (from China, India, Iran and Mexico) indicating that high fluoride exposure is associated with a lowering of IQ in children. If you don’t look, you don’t find For over 60 years, those who have jealousy guarded the practice of fluoridation in the PHS have failed to fund serious health studies. The vast majority of research money goes into endless studies on teeth (see CARTOON), as if it was the only organ in the body. No studies have investigated a possible relationship between fluoridation and the numerous illnesses and impacts discussed above, which affect millions of Americans and at increasing rates, even though fluoride exposure may be one contributory cause. Even the most basic studies have not been done. For example, no comprehensive survey of fluoride bone levels has been undertaken to see if some people are reaching damaging levels. Nor has there been a monitoring program of fluoride levels in people’s blood and urine. More seriously, studies have not been done on a number of childhood conditions using the severity of dental fluorosis as a biomarker of exposure. All of these failures to do the obvious allow fluoridation promoters to say, “We have been fluoridating the water for over 60 years and we don’t see any health problems”, yet if you don’t look, you don’t find. Where studies have been done, they have been done largely in countries that do not have a fluoridation program to protect, especially India and China, where there are large areas that have high natural levels of fluoride in the water and are endemic for both dental and skeletal fluorosis. For many years, the US has ignored these studies, claiming that they are not relevant here, because people in these countries drink excessive amounts of water because of the hot climates and have a poor diet, which exacerbates fluoride’s toxicity. A reason why many Western academics have remained oblivious of these health effects is because Fluoride, the journal of the International Society for Fluoride Research, which has published many important studies, has been excluded from PubMed (the primary medical literature search engine) since the journal began publishing in 1968. Why such a journal, which has peer review, carries no advertising and publishes articles both for and against fluoridation, should be excluded from this important search engine is both puzzling and disturbing. Especially so, when PubMed includes dental trade journals and popular magazines of no academic standing. Instead of conducting health studies in fluoridated countries, the health issue is usually resolved with review panels made up of government employees and supporters of the fluoridation program. Their conclusions about the safety and effectiveness of fluoridation are predictable. The Irish Fluoridation Forum Report of 2002 is a classic example. The scientific breakthrough The scientific breakthrough came in 2003, when at the request of the US EPA, the National Research Council (of the National Academies) reviewed the toxicology of fluoride in water. For the first time in reviews of this kind, the 12-membered panel was truly balanced. Their brief was not to look at the safety of fluoridation per se, but rather to examine the safety of the drinking water standard for fluoride, currently set at 4 ppm. It took the panel three and half years to complete their report and when it was published on March 22, 2006, it was 507 pages long and had over 1000 references. The panel concluded that the safe drinking water standard for fluoride (4 ppm) was not protective of health and recommended that the US EPA perform a health risk assessment to determine a new MCLG (maximum contaminant level goal). The MCLG is a goal based on the lowest averse effect level, with safety factors applied to protect the most vulnerable individuals in society from known and reasonably anticipated health effects. The MCL is a legally enforceable standard and takes into account the economic costs of removing a pollutant. Re-enter the politics Risk assessment specialist Dr. Robert Carton, a former employee of the EPA, has examined the findings of the review panel and argues that the MCLG should be set at zero (Carton, 2006). However, were the EPA to set the MCLG at zero, it would scuttle the fluoridation program overnight. This may explain why after 33 months the EPA has published nothing. This delay appears to be one of many examples of where politics trumps science on this issue. More politics were revealed by the manner in which the leading proponents of fluoridation treated the NRC report. On the day it was released, the American Dental Association (ADA) declared that the report was irrelevant to fluoridation and six days later, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) declared that it “was consistent” with its promotion of fluoridation at 1 ppm! In those six days, the CDC did not have time to digest this report, let alone the 1000 references it contained. Nor could it have done the risk assessment recommended by the NRC – a task that has already taken the EPA nearly three years. All of this may seem very puzzling to someone new to this issue, until they find out just which people at the CDC reached such a rapid conclusion. The CDC’s Oral Health Division The CDC has only one division that deals with fluoridation. This is the Oral Health Division (OHD), which is largely staffed by people with dental credentials. They have few staff with expertise in medicine and no toxicologists and risk assessment specialists. In short, they have no one qualified to make the judgment they made. Moreover, there is no one at the CDC – independent of the OHD – overseeing the safety of the fluoridation program. The OHD has a huge conflict of interest in this matter. They avidly promote fluoridation. They give awards to communities and states based upon their adoption of the practice. They even send out their top personnel to state legislatures to support mandatory statewide fluoridation bills. To all intents and purposes the OHD is an adjunct of the ADA. Most members of the public and the media know little of this background, so when the CDC makes pronouncements about the “safety and effectiveness” of fluoridation, journalists and officials take it at face value. Not a day goes by without someone in the world citing the CDC’s statement that fluoridation is “One of the top ten public health achievements of the 20th Century” (CDC, 1999). Those that cite this probably have no idea how incredibly poor the analysis was that supported this statement. The report was not externally peer reviewed, was six years out of date on health studies and the graphical evidence it offered to support the effectiveness of fluoridation was laughable and easily refuted by examining the WHO data base, compare FIGURES 2 and 3. The publication of the NRC (2006) report should have ended fluoridation overnight. Among other things, the review showed how little serious research had been carried out in fluoridated countries. This is what the chairman of the panel, Dr. John Doull, had to say: “What the committee found is that we’ve gone with the status quo regarding fluoride for many years-for too long, and now we need to take a fresh look…In the scientific community, people tend to think this is settled. I mean, when the U.S. surgeon general comes out and says this is one of the 10 greatest achievements of the 20th century, that’s a hard hurdle to get over. But when we looked at the studies that have been done, we found that many of these questions are unsettled and we have much less information than we should, considering how long this [fluoridation] has been going on.” (Scientific American, Jan. 2008) Based upon the levels at which health effects occur, there is simply not an adequate margin to protect every individual in society drinking uncontrolled amounts of fluoridated water, especially vulnerable subsets of the population. The ADA has virtually admitted as much by advising parents not to use fluoridated tap water to make up baby formula (ADA, 2006). Other reasons for ending fluoridation There have been other moments that should have ended fluoridation. One of these was the concession by the CDC in 1999, that the promoters had got the mechanism of fluoride’s beneficial action wrong for over 50 years. They now admit that fluoride works topically, not systemically. In other words, it works on the outside of the tooth, not from inside the body. It simply does not make sense to swallow fluoride. In a videotaped interview in 2005, Dr. Arvid Carlsson, who led the successful fight against fluoridation in Sweden in the 1970s and was awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 2000, stated that: “In pharmacology, if the effect is local (topical), it’s awkward to use it in any other way than as a local treatment. I mean this is obvious. You have the teeth there, they’re available for you, why drink the stuff?” There are three other important reasons why fluoridation should be ended. 1 • Fluoridation is bad medical practice. While it is possible to control the concentration (mg per liter) of the fluoride added at the water works, it is impossible to control the dose (mg per day) individuals get, because it is impossible to control how much people drink and how much fluoride they get from other sources. Fluoridation defies many aspects of medical practice. As Dr. Peter Mansfield, a physician and advisory board member for the important York Review (McDonagh et al., 2000), stated: “No physician in his right senses would prescribe for a person he has never met, whose medical history he does not know, a substance which is intended to create bodily change, with the advice: ‘Take as much as you like, and you will take it for the rest of your life, because some children suffer from tooth decay.’ It is a preposterous notion.” 2 • Fluoridation is unethical. Fluoridation is unethical because it violates the individual’s right to informed consent to medication, one of the key ethical planks of modern medicine. Fluoridation allows decision makers, without medical qualifications, to do to the whole community what an individual doctor cannot do to an individual patient. 3 • Fluoridation disregards an important message from nature. The average level in mothers’ milk is extremely low 0.004 ppm). This means that a bottle fed baby for which the formula has been made up with fluoridated water is going to get 250 times more fluoride than nature intended. Nature is clearly telling us that the baby does not need fluoride for healthy teeth or any other organ in the body. It might also be telling us that there are strong reasons to keep fluoride away from the baby’s developing tissues, especially the brain. The fact that there are now 23 studies indicating that fluoride may lower IQ, may be a sad confirmation of that possibility. Fluoridation is a bad medical practice. It is unethical, ineffective, and poses serious health dangers, especially for vulnerable subsets of the population. Instead of science, in fluoridated countries we get promotion via a long list of dated endorsements, from associations and agencies, most of which are not on top of the current primary literature and who take the word of the ADA and CDC on this issue, at face value. Unfortunately, because government officials have put so much of their credibility on the line promoting and defending fluoridation, it is difficult for them now to admit that this practice was a huge mistake. However, we need to restore the public’s trust in the agencies that are supposed to protect our health. Ending fluoridation is a great place to start this restoration. For those who fear a dental crisis if fluoridation is stopped, it should be noted that at least 5 modern studies have shown that when fluoridation is stopped, tooth decay has not gone up. In the past, 14 Nobel Prize winners have either opposed fluoridation or have expressed serious reservations about the practice. They have now been joined by over 2000 professionals, who have signed a statement calling for the end of fluoridation worldwide. See: http://www.Fluoridealert.org/professionals.statement.html President Obama says that he wants sound science underpinning governmental policies. Hopefully, he will encourage Congress to hold hearings in which CDC officials are required to provide the scientific basis for their continued promotion of this outdated practice. For more information and the full citations go to the Health Data base of the Fluoride Action Network: http://www.fluoridealert.org/health/. For further information on the fluoridation issue go to: www.FluorideAlert.org Dr. Paul Connett is a graduate of Cambridge University and holds a Ph.D. in chemistry from Dartmouth College. In May 2006, he retired from his full professorship in chemistry at St. Lawrence University, Canton, NY, where he taught for 23 years. His specialty was environmental chemistry and toxicology. Over the past 24 years, his research on waste management has taken him to 49 US states and 50 other countries, where he has given approximately 2000 pro bono public presentations. Ralph Nader said of Paul Connett, “He is the only person I know who can make waste interesting.” He has co-authored 6 peer reviewed articles on dioxin and numerous other articles on waste management. Dr. Connett edits the bulletins for the Fluoride Action Network. To date over 1000 of these bulletins have been distributed.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729324
__label__cc	0.613547	0.386453	Arab, Muslim Perspectives on Iraq Study Group Report Parvez 0 comments Uncategorized December 12, 2006, 10-11:30 a.m. (Eastern) National Press Club, 529 14th Street, NW, Washington, D.C. To view the entire program go to: rtsp://video.c-span.org/project/iraq/iraq121206_cair.rm Remarks by Parvez Ahmed Good morning and thank you for joining this important forum to discuss America’s future engagement in Iraq. On September 26, 2002, George F. Kennan a career Foreign Service officer who had formulated the U.S. policy of “containment” during the Cold War listening to the drums beat of war had uttered a prophetic statement, “Today, if we went into Iraq, like the president would like us to do, you know where you begin. You never know where you are going to end.” The ISG document is a report about how we can end this crisis. Going in no one doubted our efficacy in toppling Saddam and bringing a regime change. What we always had apprehensions about was about what came next and how will the end be written. The latest poll shows that today 68% Americans believe us to be losing ground in Iraq. 53% think that the US did not do the right thing by invading Iraq. 62% believe we should have a timetable for withdrawal. Three years ago American Muslims had deep misgivings about the Iraq war. No one wanted to see Saddam in power but invading a sovereign to bring a regime change did not sound like a good idea, no matter how hard the Bush administration tried to sell the idea that the world has changed after 9-11. Three years ago Muslims were a minority voice in America advocating against the invasion of Iraq. Today, we see a grim tale of the aftermath of this Iraq project – nearly 2900 U.S. servicemen dead, approximately 20,000 wounded, anywhere between 50,000 and 650,000 Iraqi’s dead, 500 billion dollars in U.S. taxpayer money spent, and an entire region teetering on the brink of a disaster. Obviously “staying the course” is not a strategy anymore and the ISG came to the same conclusion. Now what I will state over here is a conclusion that I have reached. It is not necessarily CAIR’s official position. But I think this is a fair characterization to make — that the U.S. should immediately withdraw from Iraq. The withdrawal should be immediate and the withdrawal should be orderly. And here is the reasoning that I came up with. I’m not a foreign policy expert. I’m not a historian or a public opinion poll like Dr. Telhami is. I’m not from the region like Dr. Imad Moustapha is. But sitting in America, as an American Muslim, looking at the aftermath of the Iraqi project, I see the following: I see that it is time for us to entrust the affairs of Iraq in the hands of the Iraqi people. Let them decide what they want to do next. If they decide to invite UN peacekeepers to mediate their “civil war” then let that be a determination they make. If they decide they can politically sort out their differences then let that be their plan not some directive being hatched in Washington. The American presence is fueling insurgency and providing a disincentive for the different political and religious factions in Iraq to cooperate on a political solution. No group will ever make comprises as long as US troops are in Iraq. Also this position is respectful of the desire of the people of Iraq (ending occupation and moving towards self governance). Nir Rosen, a journalist who had spent sixteen months reporting from Iraq after the invasion, suggested that the U.S. would do better to pull out of Iraq sooner rather than later. He argued, “Civil war is already under way—in large part because of the American presence. The longer the United States stays, the more it fuels Sunni hostility toward Shiite “collaborators.” Were America not in Iraq, Sunni leaders could negotiate and participate without fear that they themselves would be branded traitors and collaborators by their constituents.” It is America that is fueling the insurgency. “If the occupation were to end,” he explained, “so, too, would the insurgency.” When insurgency ends, Iraqis will have to contend with the reality that they will have to govern themselves. The reality of self-governance will force each religious or political group to make compromises. The civil war in Iraq is not a war fueled by any deep doctrinal difference within Islam. It is rather an existential conflict whose solution is for the warring parties to sit and negotiate. Also the regional powers such as Iran, Syria, Jordan and SA will also have to nudge their influence groups towards compromise. They may do so, we hope for the right reasons, but they will do this if only to keep the Americans from returning to Iraq. The regional powers of the region, like any other civilized society, obviously dislike the specter of foreign occupying forces knocking on their door steps. When America leaves they will have to step up to the plate to demonstrate their regional responsibility by playing a positive role in resolving Iraq’s civil war. This way they will gain international credibility, while ridding the region of American hegemony. Any discussion about the Iraq Study Group report must also address what went wrong? There are many ways to answer this question. I will try to use anecdotal evidence. In October 2005, on the eve of the nationwide referendum on Iraq’s proposed constitution, Mark Danner a longtime staff writer at the New Yorker had gone to Fallujah, in the Anbar province the heart of the Iraqi insurgency. There he met a young American diplomat who explained to him the intricacies of the politics of the battered city and said, “You know, tomorrow you are going to be surprised. Everybody is going to be surprised. People here are not only going to vote. People here—a great many people here—are going to vote yes (to the referendum on the constitution).” Later as it turned out 97% of the people in the Anbar province who voted, voted no. This lead Mark Danner to write in the latest issue of the New York Review of Books, “With all his contacts and commitment, with all his energy and brilliance, on the most basic and critical issue of politics on the ground he had been entirely, catastrophically wrong.” This story is indeed symptomatic and emblematic of America’s failed Iraq experiment. Call it an ideological driven administration, call it fear among the public that the administration exploited to suit its preconceived agenda, call it a backboneless Congress or call it a pliant media or call it the lobbying efforts of powerful interests group, – all of them contributed to the mess that we find ourselves in. Ron Suskind in his book the “One Percent Doctrine” wrote: “Cheney’s ideas about how “our reaction” would shape behavior— whatever the evidence showed—were expressed in an off-the-record meeting Rumsfeld had with NATO defense chiefs in Brussels on June 6. According to an outline for his speech, the secretary told those assembled that “absolute proof cannot be a precondition for action.” The primary impetus for invading Iraq, according to those attending NSC briefings on the Gulf in this period, was to make an example of Hussein.” Not WMD, not democracy, not “we fight them there so that we do not have to fight them here.” Pure unadulterated projection of raw power. Finally, the American public has awakened. The fever has indeed broken and the public is demanding change. At the core the Iraq fiasco – and there is no other way to characterize this other than call it a fiasco, is an utter failure of U.S. foreign policy. The criticism of the U.S. foreign policy is not just coming from the usual quarters. Influential conservatives like Francis Fukuyama in his latest book, “America at the Crossroads” calls for “multi-multilateralism,” involving “new institutional forms,” public and private, national and international working to meet the needs of a global economy. The latest AP poll supports Fukuyama’s position of international cooperation. 57% of American’s agreed that the U.S. should reach out to Iran and Syria for help in stabilizing Iraq. Fukuyama also writes that, “Although political reform in the Arab world is desirable, the US has virtually no credibility or moral authority in the region.” One way to regain US moral authority back is to follow the approach suggested by ISG i.e. a comprehensive multi-lateral approach to mitigating the decade old problems in the Middle East. Once again the latest AP poll shows that 61% American’s agree that the U.S. should make a renewed and sustained commitment to ending the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Incidentally, all across the Muslim world the Israeli-Palestinian conflict remains the number one source of anti-American hostility. Stephen Walt, who along with Mearshiemer wrote the taboo breaking paper on the power of the pro-Israeli lobby, in his recent book, “Taming American Power: The Global Response to U.S. Primacy,” spoke about the how much American foreign policy has veered off-course. He wrote that “the combination of a universalist political philosophy and a strong evangelical streak” is “bound to be alarming to other countries, including some of our fellow democracies.” Walt deplores the failure of the current administration to understand the roots of anti-American sentiments not just in the Muslim world but also among our many allies around the world. Another source of criticism comes from John Brady Kiesling, a career foreign service officer. In his recent book, “Diplomacy Lessons: Realism for an Unloved Superpower,” he writes, that successful counterterrorism, requires respect for the lives of innocents. Iraqis, for instance, see dozens of their innocent fellow citizens again and again being sacrificed in American bombing attacks. The American claim that attacks are against terrorists does not have any resonance among Iraqis as they see terrorism and mindless killings on the rise. The dismay and anger of ordinary Iraqis are not being understood. Complicating our Iraq policy are constant barrages of evidence of US complicity in torture, secret prisons and disregard for international laws and norms. Kiesling condemns this attitude, writing that the use of torture by the US only makes a mockery of the rule of law, putting us precariously close to the terrorists on the moral scale. As a working diplomat, Kiesling was appalled by bureaucrats who “took the word of their president that preemption of terrorism required unilateral violence and the death of innocent civilians.” In moving forward, we have to realize that military power alone cannot win the war on terror nor be effective in fighting insurgency. Destroying cities, people and regimes does not serve American interests. Using soft power to build civic societies, which promote economic development and cultural exchanges, is the only way to eradicate extremism. We need a shift from a policy of primacy to one based on reciprocity and compromises. Multi-lateral institutions like the UN will always need determined leadership but this leadership should be a shared leadership not US primacy. Shared leadership implies working with persuasion and diplomacy not strict command and control. Thus in my conclusion, what we need is a deliberate and carefully planned withdrawal of American forces from Iraq. This withdrawal will precipitate a moment of truth for the feuding politicians in Iraq – do they continue with blood-letting and at the end only have a pyrrhic victory or do they find the courage to agree on a political solution that allows Iraq to regain its status as one of the birthplaces of civilization. The American withdrawal should be completed without leaving behind any imperial residue and yet we should be prepared to contribute financially to rebuild Iraq. We broke it. We own it. I will end with the opening line from the ISG, “There is no magic formula to solve the problems of Iraq.” Since some of our brightest minds and a non-partisan group cannot find a solution to Iraq there is no point in delaying the inevitable withdrawal of US forces. Staying longer will not produce any better solution than coming to the realization that Iraqis need to feel a sense of responsibility towards self governance that can only happen when all sides feel that the only safety net they have is each other and not some outside power. The death of another American solider will be spared if our withdrawal is immediate and orderly. Yes we will lose some face, but when 90-95% of the people across much of the Muslim world find America untrustworthy, what face do we save by staying. On the contrary, in the long run an America withdrawal along with our re-engagement in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict will go a long way in rehabilitating our lost power and glory and this can be done at a cost far cheaper than the $500 billion spent on the war so far and with virtually no loss of American lives.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729325
__label__wiki	0.688832	0.688832	Film Review: The Dark Knight Rises "When Gotham is ashes, you have my permission to die" This review may contain some minor spoilers. Eight years on from the events of The Dark Knight, Batman (Christian Bale) returns to the city that branded him a criminal to save them from a new enemy, terrorist Bane (Tom Hardy). Christopher Nolan's first two Batman films are seen as something of a benchmark as superhero films go; 2005's Batman Begins reintroduced The World's Greatest Detective to cinema-goers in dark and gothic fashion, followed by 2008's even darker The Dark Knight. Not one to disappoint, Nolan has done it again, with The Dark Knight Rises perfectly ending the trilogy in heart-poundingly tense and dramatic fashion. The stakes, and the scale, are higher than they have ever been before, with the isolated Gotham City in a state of civil war and on the brink of annihilation. When the action kicks off in the film's final third, it's bigger than we have ever seen in a Batman film. It is also the most emotional Batman ever, with plenty of scenes that'll bring a genuine lump to your throat. The Avengers this ain't. "I'm not afraid, I'm angry" Going in, it felt as though one of the film's biggest drawbacks would have been it's long running time; at over 2 hours and 45 minutes it is something of a marathon event. This however turned out to be not the case at all; if anything, the time flies past so that it barely feels like 2 hours. The film is paced impeccably and never feels like it drags, even in the plot-laden first hour. This fairly plot-heavy opening hour is probably the film's only minor downside. As Nolan attempts to weave together all the necessary strands for the film, such as introducing a plethora of new characters (Bane, Miranda Tate, John Blake, Selina Kyle, Daggett), as well as recap the fallout from Harvey Dent's death, it can feel quite complex. For people new to the franchise, and therefore unfamiliar with the existing core characters, it would be hard to follow at the best of times. Not that you can expect many people you haven't seen Batman Begins or The Dark Knight to be in the audience anyway; as a concluding chapter in a trilogy, The Dark Knight Rises completes one entire story that started eight years ago. Not only does it begin with a memorial to TwoFace/Harvey Dent and see Bruce Wayne continuing to ignore the cape and cowl as a result of his death, but it sees the return of some old foes from the first chapter. Anne Hathaway was purrrrfect as Selina Kyle/Catwoman (sorry) On the whole, The Dark Knight Rises has more in common with Batman Begins than The Dark Knight, which I really liked. As a story, it focused more on Bruce, not Batman. Also, it gave less focus to the villain. Something The Dark Knight did well was really hone in on the relationship between Joker and Batman but it meant that the focus wasn't solely on the titular Knight. Not so in this one; this story is all about Bruce/Batman and not about Bane. Sure, Bane is the main antagonist, but he merely serves the purpose of giving Bruce the motivation to return as Batman and little more than that. It is good however that Bane is a physical opponent that tested Batman's strength, something that Scarecrow and Joker could never have done previously. The films centre-piece, a tense face-off between Bats and Bane is brutal and crushing, a stand-out scene. Fans of comic book series' like Knightfall won't be left disappointed...and I'll leave it at that. It is a little hard to make out some of Bane's dialogue at times and, with the mask covering most of his face, Tom Hardy's performance is a little inscrutable. He did well to come across as brutal and uncompromising, as well as intelligent and calculating but at the same time, wasn't a patch on the late Heath Ledger's cackling, psychopath Joker. Joseph Gordon-Levitt as John Blake Christian Bale was brilliant as Bruce Wayne/Batman and probably gives his best performance of the trilogy here. He brings the necessary emotional gravitas as Wayne (especially in the film's pain-stricken middle third), as well as the imposing strength and weight as Batman nearer the end. Other returning actors such as Michael Caine, Gary Oldman and Morgan Freeman, as Alfred, Jim Gordon and Lucius Fox respectively, were also excellent, the first's anguish and pain at a watching a dedicated Bruce Wayne force himself back into action is especially poignant. Joseph Gordon-Levitt is also solid as hot-headed detective John Blake. The real star of the show however was Anne Hathaway; Her husky and breathy voice, jet-black hair and slinky frame have made her absolutely purrfect for the role as morally ambiguous cat-burglar Selina Kyle. It was always going to interesting to see how she fitted into Nolan's hyper-realist universe but everything about her character fits in well with the surroundings; her masquerade mask, utility belt, lycra catsuit and cat-like vision goggles are a far-cry from the stitched-leather suit paraded around by Michelle Pfiffer in Batman Returns. It's a shame her character has only been introduced in this final chapter; the banter between her and Batman is very funny and allows for the mood to be lightened ever so much. Technically, The Dark Knight Rises is also a marvel; it is shot beautifully, with snow-covered, war-torn Gotham evoking images of the 9/11 attacks. Nolan's ability to tug at heart strings is shown best here; a destroyed football stadium, an American flag in ruins all resemble all too familiar images of our own world. In addition to the fantastic cinematography, Hans Zimmer's rousing score perfectly complements the ideas of revolution and uprising that Bane insights. The big question is however, is it better than The Dark Knight? Well, Part 2 of the trilogy does have stronger villains in Joker and Two-Face but then Part 3 has the necessary pay-off and closure, as well as additional allies for Batman in Kyle and Blake. In my opinion, the two stand on-par with one another as both are breath-taking and emotional films that convert real-world themes like the War on Terror and the GFC into mass cinema-friendly characters, settings and plots. Overall, The Dark Knight Rises is sublime and heart-pounding. It is an epic conclusion to the trilogy in almost every way and fully-deserving of all and any acclaim it receives. It is one of those films you walk out of the cinema already wanting to see again. I give it 9/10. Posted by rhysgdrury 1 comment: Links to this post Labels: Anne Hathaway, Batman, Christian Bale, Christopher Nolan, Cillian Murphy, Film Reviews, Gary Oldman, Joseph Gordon-Levitt, Marion Cotillard, Matthew Modine, Michael Caine, Morgan Freeman, Tom Hardy Verdict: Life's Too Short Life's Too Short features stars like Helena Bonham Carter and Johnny Depp. Ricky Gervais and Stephen Merchant; the comedic geniuses behind landmark television shows like The Office and Extras, An Idiot Abroad, The Ricky Gervais Show, a plethora of podcasts and stand-up tours. Now, they're back with a third slap of comedy in Life's Too Short; but how does it stack up alongside it's predecessors? Initially it might seem that Life's Too Short is treading over old ideas. Similar in concept and approach to both The Office and Extras through it's 'documentary' style and twisted versions of familiar faces, Life's Too Short doesn't appear to be doing anything that Gervais and Merchant haven't tackled before. It's themes of discovering the harsh realities of fame and fortune can be seem reflected in the chronicles of previous character's David Brent and Andy Millman. Protagonist Warwick Davis, famous for appearing in the Star Wars and Harry Potter films, exhibits all of the same traits one would associate the Messrs' Brent and Millman; ignorance, obnoxiousness and being generally offensive. He is however, on the whole, a more likeable and endearing character than his predecessors'. There is no doubting that the special guest appearances are works of genius. Johnny Depp and Helena Bonham Carter's short skit's were genuinely funny. Depp's dedication to his new film (it's directed by Tim Burton y'know), leads him to studying Warwick, and the more excited and intense Depp becomes the funnier it is. Likewise, Bonham Carter's inability to work alongside Warwick because he's a dwarf is the equal amounts cringe-worthy and funny. Also, the scenes where Ricky and Steve play dead-pan and "holier than thou" versions of themselves are gold; fans of Extras will delight at the addition of Shaun "Barry from Eastenders" Williamson as the duos errand boy. The show however, like both of Gervais' and Merchant's previous works tries to do a lot more than just flex it's muscles and show off its star power. There is heart and soul in Warwick's mistakes that show that Life's Too Short has a story and a message to tell. Yes, the jokes are skin-crawlingly awkward and make you want to throttle the star, but this all adds to the charm and appeal of the show. You do feel that come the end of the story arc, Warwick will have learnt from these mistakes and changed his ways in the same way Andy in Extras did. This being said, the similarities to Extras and The Office are in my mind a little too obvious; the format, the character roles, the settings, the general feel. All of these factors add up to give a overbearing sense of deja vu. For example, Rosamund Hanson's role as Cheryl is really just a re-imagining Ashley Jensen's Maggie in Extras. She may be genuinely funny but it is easy to see where the idea for the "ditzy girl" character came from. Also, once the novelty of going "ooh look it's Johnny Depp/Liam Neeson/Steve Carrell" has worn off, the show reduces itself to laughing at midget ten-pin bowling and Warwick climbing a bookcase three times his size to reach a trophy. So even though its more of the same witty and clever stuff from Gervais and Merchant, Life's Too Short seems to fall a little, well, short to be honest. It might have genuine character development and a moral at it's heart, but it is also not as revolutionary as The Office and not as outrageous as Extras were, and is seriously lacking in Karl Pilkington. Posted by rhysgdrury No comments: Links to this post Labels: Helena Bonham Carter, Johnny Depp, Liam Neeson, Opinion, Ricky Gervais, Stephen Merchant, Television, Warwick Davis Film Review: The Amazing Spider-man Andrew Garfield as Peter Parker/Spider-man How soon is too soon for a re-boot? Five, ten years? When Sony Pictures announced back in 2010 that a reboot of their lucrative Spider-man franchise was on its way, many people reacted with despair, proclaiming it too soon for Spidey to given the a rework since Spider-man 3 had only been in cinemas 3 years previously. Now, two years later, The Amazing Spider-man swings into cinemas a mere decade after the Sam Raimi original. But does it live up to its namesake? Labels: Amazing Spider-man, Andrew Garfield, Campbell Scott, Denis Leary, Emma Stone, Film Reviews, Irrfan Khan, Marc Webb, Martin Sheen, Marvel, Rhys Ifans, Sally Field Film Review: Snow White And The Huntsman Fairest of them all? - Kristen Stewart It all starts with once upon a time, weaves it's way through familiarities like an apple, an evil queen with a black heart and a heroic huntsman, but Snow White and The Huntsman gives fresh life to an old fairytale, albeit not completely convincingly. Labels: Bob Hoskins, Charlize Theron, Chris Hemsworth, Film Reviews, Ian McShane, Kristen Stewart, Nick Frost, Ray Winstone, Rupert Sanders, Sam Claflin, Sam Spruell, Toby Jones Film Review: Yesterday Danny Boyle and Richard Curtis join forces to pay tribute to The Beatles in Yesterday. Feeling Fuzzier on Twitter Tweets by @rhysgdrury Film Review: Child's Play Film Review: Annabelle Comes Home Film Review: X-Men - Dark Phoenix Film Review: Toy Story 4 Film Review: Long Shot Film Review: Avengers - Endgame Politics, Ideology, and the Hunger Games (VOR) Film Review: Men in Black – International	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729326
__label__cc	0.610298	0.389702	Travel Destination 95 Places to Visit in Northern Italy 4 years ago Travel Destination Check out the following fantastic places if you want to explore the most astonishing places in the world. Sometimes overshadowed by the popularity of other Italian cities like Rome and Venice, Genoa nevertheless is one of Italy’s true hidden gems. As the capital city of the Liguria region on the northwest coast of Italy, Genoa is most associated as the birthplace of Christopher Columbus. The city’s shining crown is its historic center, which features narrow, winding streets that reveal surprising gems at every turn like marvelous architecture and artistic treasures. At the base of the city center is the historic seaport. Docked with cruise liners, yachts and fishing boats, Genoa’s seaport today sports a trendy renovation of new features such as a bustling marina, waterfront bars and the Aquarium of Genoa. Nearly destroyed from heavy bombing during WWII, Milan has since reconstructed and now shines as the country’s financial and fashion capital. Milan’s most famous site is the Santa Maria della Grazie where da Vinci’s “The Last Supper” is on display. The 14th-century Sforzesco Castle houses the exhibits of the Museo d’Arte Antica, which includes Michelangelo’s “Pietà Rondanini.” Decked out in sumptuous red and gold, the 18th-century La Scala opera house is a must-see attraction too, as is the Duomo, known as one of the world’s largest Gothic cathedrals. When it comes to shopping, the Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II is the place to go for the best of Italy’s haute couture designs. With its picture-perfect harbor, verdant scenery and haphazard rows of hilltop and waterfront homes, Portofino is one of the prettiest towns on the Italian Riviera. Located just a short drive south of Genoa, the little village has been a popular day-trip destination for centuries. It’s a favorite stopping point for cruises along the Italian Riviera too, and the cluster of yachts floating in the harbor only adds to Portofino’s visual appeal. Short climbs up the hillside to the medieval Castello Brown, the historic Church of San Giorgio or the lighthouse at Punta Portofino offer photographic views of the charming city. The largest of the glacial lakes of the Lombardy province, Lake Garda is bordered by Alpine peaks to the north and flat plains to the south. Gardens, orchards and forests rim the shore, providing a scenic backdrop for visitors seeking rest and recreation. The southernmost town of Sirmione features natural hot springs, a small castle and the Grotte di Catullo, the largest collection of Roman ruins in Northern Italy. On the northern shore of lake lies Riva del Garda, which is the destination of choice for visitors interested in outdoor activities, including sailing, windsurfing, kayaking and swimming. Cinque Terre is undeniably one of the most beautiful areas of Italy. A visit to just one of the five villages of Riomaggiore, Manarola, Vernazza, Monterosso and Corniglia will confirm this. Made to grace picture postcards, the towns are built on steep hills and atop high cliffs overlooking the Mediterranean. It doesn’t get much more scenic than this. Most towns are reachable only by train. Comfortable walking shoes are a must since cars aren’t allowed in the older sections of these towns. The perfect destination for a romantic getaway, Venice is a city where canals replace roads and buildings rise up out of the Adriatic Sea as if by magic. There’s a timeless quality to Venice that has attracted and engaged travelers for hundreds of years. When not enjoying the enchanting experience of being serenaded while gliding down a canal on a gondola, visitors flock to the sidewalk cafés of St. Mark’s Square. Inside the Basilica of San Marco lies a treasure trove of jewel-encrusted altarpieces, icons and holy relics, including the marble-canopied tomb of St. Mark. Travel to New Zealand to discover new experiences 4 years ago Travel Destination, Travel Stories The various exciting and fascinating locations at New Zealand are always renowned by the people all over the world due to its great sense of beauty. One visit’s to New Zealand will definitely makes those travelers to feel as if they are landed on one among the unique and best place on the whole universe. Hence one can definitely spent their holiday vacations in these kinds of places so as to experience the good feels of delights. For the people who were going to proceed with the travels to New Zealand for the very first time, can definitely prefer their travels by air, because many air lines fly to this country from the different parts of the world like India, China, Australia and so on. Cruising is also the one another option left to the seekers of adventurers and one has to ensure that they hold the necessary passport and visas with them. Hence with the possession of these valid official documents one can definitely proceed to fly to this country as it always give warm welcomes to its visitors. Treasures of New Zealand The islands at the southern regions of New Zealand are the paradises with the possession of green hills that can roll, craggy mountains and the beaches that are swept by the wind always remains as a fascinating features to the tourists of this location. One should never miss their opportunities to visit the location Lake Tekapo which can be reached within the duration of three hours from the Christchurch. The reason for the stunning looks of the lake is the rock flours that have its presence in water. Hence those warm springs will aid the visitors in feeling a greater sense of relaxation and will definitely makes those persons to feel calm. Since the ambiances around this lake are extremely stunning, there is no doubt that these places remain as a delight to the professional photographers. Also, one should not miss their valuable opportunities to visit the hidden secrets of New Zealand such as the Ruakuri caves and the flights from Rotorua which takes those travelers to the island at off-shores which goes by the name of White Islands and the visitors of these locations are definitely assured for their greater enjoyments. Tips on the Safety Aspects of Travels New Zealand is usually safe for carrying out one’s travel but definitely cannot be assured for any crime activities. Some intended people have the ability to recognize the tourists in the range of their possessions and they try to involve in the thefts which causes those individuals to lose their valuable resources. Therefore it is always the responsibilities of the tourists to take the proper care of their money and the various other possessions so to avoid becoming the victims of various criminal activities. People are always recommended not to hire the use of Hitch hiking because those means of travel are not safe generally. Hence it always recommended for the travelers to assure with enough precautionary measures so as to stay secured. Image by little.tomato under cc license 4 years ago Relaxing Resorts, Travel Destination Singapore is one of the popular countries and it is the suitable country to have healthiest life, in general, most of the travelers also like to take the Singapore travel, the South East Asia’s minute islands providing a marvelous entryway to Asia. Moreover, most the people like to travel Singapore, to get the pleasure of the sightseeing as well as journey. Here travelers can able to enjoy varies attractive places. Fantastic Places To Visit In Singapore: It is the wonderful place to find travel attractions, Singapore meant for its distinctive tradition, Chinese, Malay, and Tamil. It is the location and the divergences are renowned, griped as well as incorporated, weaving the community that is wealthy in a way of life. Here you may able to see varies cultural people. in general it is the most popular city in contrast with the adjoining Asia country and it is the most attractive county , it have wonderful features by the way it provides chances for the abroad visitors. Normally the modern and elegant infrastructure makes the commuting around a town too comfortable as well as easy. Singapore is a jostling, bustling city and it is the popular for varies activities, to take the Singapore travel there are lot of tips available. Singapore assorted blend of people and traditions flourishes next to each other. It is the ideal location for the people who like to visit the attractive places. A huge range of restaurants as well as hotels available here and it organize accommodations for company travelers, lavishness and like tourists. Accommodation And Transport: Singapore have all the facilities and it well connected with the transport , here you may catch a tax in the Singapore by just waving one down, or by just waiting at a different designated taxi pickup queue. There is lot of Travel Company available in the Singapore such as comfort cabs and the city cabs. The people in this region of Chinatown were specifically ready for Chinese New Year, with all arrangements that are grown for warming New Year. It is one of the best as well as beautiful travel location to visit. Here People can obtain whatever they want and it is considered as famous city for travelers. Safety Tips: To take the safe travel you may take the importance of the tips at the same time safety is much importance because it is the most essential factor to enjoy the safest travel. The most important things are that you have to take visa to go for the Singapore. In addition, your passport should at least six months validity. So be careful of your passport it is the most essential factor to take the Singapore travel, having passport is always important. In any situation if you missed your passport then you cannot allowed for the Singapore so you must take care of it. So keep your passport very safe with you. hence make use of these tips to take the Singapore travel. Image by David Berkowitz Best Spots in Japan Check out the following places when you plan a visit to the fantastic Japan. Explore all the places and have fun with your beloved one. The Todaiji Temple in Nara is a feat of engineering. It is not only the world’s largest wooden building, it is home to the world’s largest bronze Buddha statue. Surrounded by beautiful gardens and wildlife, the Kegon school of Buddhism is centered here and the grounds hold many artifacts of Japanese and Buddhist history. Deer are allowed to freely roam the grounds as messengers of the Shinto gods. The Tokyo Tower is a testament to the advancement of technology and modern life. Inspired by the Eiffel tower design, it is the second tallest man-made structure in Japan and functions as a communications and observation tower. Visitors can climb the tower for unparalleled views of Tokyo and the surrounding areas as well as visit shops and restaurants. The Emperor of Japan makes his home at the Tokyo Imperial Palace. It also functions as an administration center and museum to showcase Japanese art and history. The palace is set on the ruins of older castles that were destroyed by fire or war, and architects have honored the past by incorporating design elements of the different eras into the modern palace. The new palace is surrounded by traditional Japanese gardens and has many reception and function rooms to receive guests and welcome the public. Mount Fuji is the highest mountain in Japan at 3,776 meters (12,388 ft). The volcano’s exceptionally symmetrical cone is a well-known symbol of Japan and it is frequently depicted in art and photographs, as well as a popular tourist attraction for sightseers and climbers. An estimated 200,000 people climb Mount Fuji every year, 30% of whom are foreigners. The ascent can take anywhere between three and eight hours while the descent can take from two to five hours. Kinkaku-ji or the Temple of the Golden Pavilion is the most popular tourist attraction in Japan and Kyoto. The pavilion was originally built as a retirement villa for Shogun Ashikaga Yoshimitsu in the late 14th century. Unfortunately, the pavilion was burnt down in 1950 by a young monk who had become obsessed with it. Five years later, the temple was rebuilt as an exact copy of the original. Emphasis is placed on the building and surrounding gardens being in harmony with one another. The pavilion is covered in gold leaf which highlights the reflection of the pavilion in the pond and the pond’s reflection on the building. Top Tourist Attractions in Japan Japan is one of the most popular travel destinations in the world. It is a unique blend of traditional and modern, with many temples and buildings from the past co-existing with modern achievements in architecture and technology. Visitors can be immersed in Japanese history and culture one day and get a glimpse of the future through technological developments the next. Almost all of the historical sites are still used for their original purposes while remaining open to the public. The natural beauty of Japan can be seen all year. In addition, Japan has one of the world’s lowest crime rates which makes it ideal for travelers. An overview of the top tourist attractions in Japan: Hiroshima Peace Memorial The Hiroshima Peace Memorial is a haunting tribute to the lives lost when the atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima on August 6, 1945. Set in a park, the memorial features Genbaku Dome, the only building left standing in the vicinity after the bomb dropped. This harsh reminder of a world at war reminds visitors of the importance of human life and honors the victims so they will never be forgotten. Jigokudani Monkey Park Jigokudani Monkey Park is a famous hot spring area near Nagano,. The name Jigokudani, is due to steam and boiling water that bubbles out the frozen ground, surrounded by steep cliffs and formidably cold forests. It is famous for its large population of wild Snow Monkeys that go to the valley during the winter when snow covers the park. The monkeys descend from the steep cliffs and forest to sit in the warm hot springs, and return to the security of the forests in the evenings. Kiyomizu-dera The Kiyomizu-dera Buddhist temple is located in Eastern Kyoto and can be traced back as far as the year 798. An indoor waterfall fed from the outside river keeps the temple in harmony with nature and not one nail was used in construction. While locals used to jump off the edge to have a wish granted, modern visitors can enjoy the shrines and talismans and artwork on display without risking life and limb. The Himeji Castle is considered the best existing example of Japanese castle architecture. It was fortified to defend against enemies during the feudal period, but it has been rebuilt many times throughout the centuries and reflects the different design periods. It survived the bombings of World War II and is frequently seen in domestic and foreign films, including the James Bond movie “You Only Live Twice”. The white exterior and design give the castle the appearance of a bird taking flight, earning the the castle the nickname ‘white egret castle’. Great Buddha of Kamakura The Great Buddha of Kamakura is a colossal outdoor representation of Amida Buddha, one of Japan’s most celebrated Buddhist figures. Cast in bronze, the Great Buddha stands at over 13 meters high and weighs nearly 93 tons. The statue reportedly dates from 1252. Although it originally was housed in a small wooden temple, the Great Buddha now stands in the open air as the original temple was washed away in a tsunami in the 15th century. Tweets by @el_takeiteasy	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729330
__label__cc	0.568908	0.431092	Glarus Introduction Glarus is the Glarus canton capital in the country of Switzerland. Since 2011, Glarus has incorporated the municipalities of Riedern, Netstal, and Ennenda. Glarus is on the river of Linth at the base of the Glarnisch foothills in the Alps. There are hardly any buildings left over from before the 1861 fire. The primary industries in Glarus are printing, plastics, textile, and wood. The place is situated in the Glarner Mittelland on a wide valley floor between the river of Linth and the Glarnisch Mountain. Before 2011, the municipality of Glarus had an area of about 27 square miles. Out of this area, 23# was put to use for agriculture, while 31% was covered in forest; out of the remainder of the land, roughly 2.7% was settled (roads or buildings) and the rest (about 43%) was non-productive land. When Riedern, Netstal, and Ennenda were incorporated in 2011, Glarus municipality had an area of roughly 40 square miles. Glarus had a population of roughly 12,300, when it was measured in 2012, and that included Riedern, Netstal, and Ennenda. When it was measured in 2007, about 24% of the population was composed of foreign nationals. Over the last decade the population has grown at a 7.4% rate. The majority of the population (as of the year 2000) was German-speaking (about 86%), and Italian was the 2nd most commonly spoken language (about 5%), and Albanian was the 3rd most commonly spoken language (about 3%). Glarus was first document in the early 800s in Latin as Clarona. It was called Glarus in German in 1178. Glarus became the capital of the valley of Linth in 1419. In the 1700s and 1800s, the valley started to become industrialized. After the French invasion of 1798, Glarus was turned into capital of Linth Canton. The whole canton’s administration moved to Glarus. However, the new administration had trouble in setting up and enforcing the new regulations. In the fall of 1802, the administrators of the Canton set off from Glarus for Rapperswil because of the problems they had encountered in Glarus. In 1803, the Linth Canton was dissolved, and Glarus became the capital of Glarus Canton. Glarus has had a long and rich history, and you will see that for yourself if you visit the place. You can learn a lot by talking to local historians and townspeople who know about the history of the town. Glarus Photo Gallery Glarus: 01 photo	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729336
__label__cc	0.592622	0.407378	The Sinking City Review – Shallow Waters In the fall of 1945, in the pages of the New Yorker, Edmund Wilson lambasted H.P. Lovecraft as a peddler of “hack-work” who was, in short, “not a good writer.” His most cutting (and famous) remark has dogged the author’s legacy since: “The only real horror in most of these fictions,” Wilson quipped, “is the horror of bad taste and bad art.” I was reminded of the quote as I played The Sinking City, a supernatural-horror mystery game inspired by Lovecraft’s fiction. Faced with this game’s crude visuals, monotonous storytelling, and graceless mechanics, I knew exactly how Wilson felt. The Sinking City is a pastiche of Lovecraft lore that draws heavily on the characters, settings, and themes of some of his most celebrated stories. The game especially draws from “The Shadow Over Innsmouth,” about a young man’s perilous visit to a mysterious port town on the coast of New England overrun by a race of fish-people. You are Charles Reed, a shell-shocked veteran turned sullen private investigator, newly arrived in the fictitious town of Oakmont, Massachusetts to learn more about the disturbing visions that have been troubling you since the war. The town, however, is beset by its own eerie problems, and naturally you are tasked, the moment you step foot in the place, to solve these and others as you look to uncover the truth. From the outset, the game presumes a lot of interest in Oakmont and the various political machinations of its inhabitants. You’ll hear all about warring families, fraught racial tensions between factions of mutated denizens, long-vanished naval expeditions, unexplained natural disasters, plundered historical artifacts, arcane regional dialects, infestations of deadly critters from the sea, and a whole suite of murders, extortions, mutilations, and conspiracies–and that’s all just in the first two missions. This information is conveyed in long, dull expository monologues and conversations that are entirely one-sided and feel endless. These interminable data-dumps are grueling to click through and are the primary means of proceeding through your investigations. The order in which you choose to ask questions is irrelevant, and there’s nothing you can do to alter or vary these talks at all. Your missions are a series of convoluted, interconnected cases, a bit like LA Noire, in which evidence must be gathered, suspects must be “interrogated” (that is, listened to), and conclusions must be drawn. These moments are punctuated by rudimentary moral dilemmas, such as whether a perpetrator ought to face justice or be allowed to walk free in light of extenuating circumstances. The length of these missions is irritatingly protracted by how far apart relevant clues, characters, and other mandatory waypoints tend to be from one another, as well as by backtracking, repetitive searching, and an overall lack of clarity about where you need to go next and what you’re meant to do there. Oakmont is an open world, and it is enormous–way too huge, plainly, for how little one section is differentiated from another and how little there is in it worth seeing. By contrast, there is a frankly huge number of game mechanics–so many that the tutorial is mapped to one of the controller keys. One of the game’s more unwieldy features is the “Mind Palace,” which takes the form of an ungainly submenu cluttered with information collected from clues retrieved and interviews conducted during a mission. You have to combine different pieces of information with related facts, which in my experience was achieved mainly by sticking them together at random until I found two that fit. By connecting the pieces successfully, you create inferences, which can then be connected to reach conclusions. It’s simplistic, vague, and a poor approximation of the process of solving a real mystery. Some of this information must be unearthed from archives, which can be found in various places around town, such as the newspaper office and the hospital. Searching the archive for info about a particular event or incident involves selecting search criteria from among different categories, including the period of time, people involved, and location, based on your best guess of what might be relevant to the matter at hand. For example, if you want to learn about an expedition to discover the origin of an outbreak of mass hysteria, you can narrow your search to when the expedition took place and from which port the ship embarked. None of this info is visualized or actually browsable in any meaningful way, and the archives are as robust as a bill of fare. Like so much in this game, it seems designed to give you something to do, but it feels like busywork, with no clear purpose. Your hero has certain supernatural powers, and from time to time you must avail yourself of them in the course of an investigation. You can use “retrocognition” to witness a glimpse of the past–a blurry, blue-tinted silhouette of whatever event happens to be on your itinerary–and, if you can correctly guess the order of these past events chronologically, you’ll find out some revelation about the case at hand. Another power works as a kind of Batman: Arkham-style Detective Mode, allowing you to see things that aren’t visible to the naked eye; yet another allows you to accept guidance from ghostly figures, who will kindly point you in the right direction. None of these powers make for dynamic gameplay, and aesthetically they tend to be lumpy, lurid, and goofy. Your supernatural gifts mostly amount to a lot of shimmering gelatinous blurs. And there’s more. You can drive a motorboat, clumsily–the boat turns slowly and gets stuck on junk all the time. There’s a very simplistic, entirely pointless crafting system, which seems to follow no logic at all–coil springs and alcohol can be combined to craft a health kit, even though just finding health kits lying around would surely do. You have a camera, for reasons that were not quite clear to me, and you can take pictures of things. There is a meter that tracks your sanity, which falls if you spend too much time around monsters–though it only makes your vision a bit blurry. This drab, lifeless town lacks any of the slow-burn dread or looming menace of the towns in Lovecraft’s stories. Wandering through, you might encounter small spider-like creatures, called Wylebeasts, which you can dispatch by negotiating the awkward, clunky combat system to execute a pistol or melee attack. Or you might encounter a more formidable foe: loading screens, which are even more treacherous. The game loads if you walk into a building. It loads if you prompt a cutscene or chat with a passerby. It loads if you walk too fast and see more of this unsightly town than it can handle revealing to you. Between missions, or after dying, these loading screens can last several minutes, after which a message to “press any button to continue” appears rather unobtrusively. There’s tension in Lovecraft’s fiction between the terrifying and the absurd, and of course tales of fish-people and nefarious amphibian monsters are bound to at least verge on the ridiculous. The Sinking City has a tenuous control of tone; it frequently seems less nightmarish than farcical. Grim encounters with the darkly macabre, depicted without the requisite gravitas, elicit laughter rather than fear, and ironically the game’s stern humorlessness makes it all the harder to take seriously. Finding the fresh corpse of a local sailor with a pair of axes buried in his chest, your hero simply muses, “You’ve got to be out of your head to do this to a man,” delivered with roughly the feeling of a mundane answering machine message. These sights ought to be harrowing. Instead, they’re just flat–or worse, silly. The Sinking City has a tenuous control of tone; it frequently seems less nightmarish than farcical. The Sinking City’s problems aren’t only technical, but conceptual. It’s one thing to clip through objects that are meant to be impassable; it’s another to feel, when the game seems to be working, that its design is inelegant, or that its writing lacks wit. Despite the outrageously long conversations you’re asked to endure, characterizations are paper thin–what’s said conveys plot but expresses no psychological shading. A brewing conflict between different species of human-animal hybrids, while containing some of the overtones of allegorical prejudice found in The Shadow Over Innsmouth, shys from engaging seriously with Lovecraft’s noted racism. It’s hard to resent a game as unapologetically dweeby as The Sinking City. It’s an old-fashioned, bookish mystery rooted in the mythology and mysteries of a pulpy, cult-favorite mid-century American novelist–an effort not without charm, to be sure. But no matter how fond your affection for H.P. Lovecraft and the idea of a wide-eyed, slow-burn literary adventure, the poor design, cliched writing, and lumbering pace make this far more tedious than delightful, let alone unsettling or terrifying. Written by gamerlord on June 26, 2019 . Posted in reviews	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729338
__label__wiki	0.785006	0.785006	In stifling Edwardian London, Wendy Darling mesmerizes her brothers every night with bedtime tales of swordplay, swashbuckling and the fearsome Captain Hook. But the children become the heroes of an… Country: Australia, UK, USA Throughout his life Edward Bloom has always been a man of big appetites, enormous passions and tall tales. In his later years, he remains a huge mystery to his son,… Genre: Adventure, Drama, Fantasy Infernal Affairs III Infernal Affairs III is a 2003 Hong Kong crime thriller film directed by Andrew Lau and Alan Mak. It is the third installment in the Infernal Affairs film series, and… Nathan Algren is an American hired to instruct the Japanese army in the ways of modern warfare, which finds him learning to respect the samurai and the honorable principles that… Country: Japan, New Zealand, USA Genre: Drama, History, War Aragorn is revealed as the heir to the ancient kings as he, Gandalf and the other members of the broken fellowship struggle to save Gondor from Sauron’s forces. Meanwhile, Frodo… Genre: Adventure, Fantasy After an abrupt and violent encounter with a French warship inflicts severe damage upon his ship, a captain of the British Royal Navy begins a chase over two oceans to… Genre: Adventure, Drama The human city of Zion defends itself against the massive invasion of the machines as Neo fights to end the war at another front while also opposing the rogue Agent… Genre: Adventure, Science Fiction, Thriller In the third installment of the Scary Movie franchise, news anchorwoman Cindy Campbell has to investigate mysterious crop circles and killing video tapes, and help the President stop an alien… When an impulsive boy named Kenai is magically transformed into a bear, he must literally walk in another’s footsteps until he learns some valuable life lessons. His courageous and often… Genre: Adventure, Animation, Family An assassin is shot at the altar by her ruthless employer, Bill and other members of their assassination circle – but ‘The Bride’ lives to plot her vengeance. Setting out… The lives of three men who were childhood friends are shattered when one of them has a family tragedy. Fired from his band and hard up for cash, guitarist and vocalist Dewey Finn finagles his way into a job as a fifth-grade substitute teacher at a private school, where… Genre: Comedy, Music Infernal Affairs II In this prequel to Mou gaan dou (2002), Chan Wing Yan has just become an undercover cop in the triads while Lau Kin Ming joins the police force. Both the… Country: China, Hong Kong, Singapore With no clue how he came to be imprisoned, drugged and tortured for 15 years, a desperate businessman seeks revenge on his captors. Barbie of Swan Lake Barbie as Odette, the young daughter of a baker, follows a unicorn into the Enchanted Forest and is transformed into a swan by an evil wizard intent on defeating the… Vampires and werewolves have waged a nocturnal war against each other for centuries. But all bets are off when a female vampire warrior named Selene, who’s famous for her strength… Country: Germany, Hungary, UK, USA Genre: Fantasy, Thriller Follows seemingly unrelated people as their lives begin to intertwine while they fall in – and out – of love. Affections languish and develop as Christmas draws near. This is the story of three gentle persons: Paul Rivers an ailing mathematician lovelessly married to an English émigré, Christina Peck, an upper-middle-class suburban housewife, happily married and mother of… A young American studying in Paris in 1968 strikes up a friendship with a French brother and sister. Set against the background of the ’68 Paris student riots. Country: France, Italy, UK A former gunslinger is forced to take up arms again when he and his cattle crew are threatened by a corrupt lawman. Evil dream-demon Freddy Krueger devises a plan to manipulate the unstoppable Jason Vorhees into hacking up the teenagers of Elm Street in an effort to make people remember the name… Country: Canada, Italy, USA Hondo Harrelson recruits Jim Street to join an elite unit of the Los Angeles Police Department. Together they seek out more members, including tough Deke Kay and single mom Chris… After 23 horrifying days of gorging on human flesh, an ancient creature known as the Creeper embarks on a final voracious feeding frenzy, terrorizing a group of varsity basketball players,… Mother and daughter bicker over everything — what Anna wears, whom she likes and what she wants to do when she’s older. In turn, Anna detests Tess’s fiancé. When a… With high school a distant memory, Jim and Michelle are getting married — and in a hurry, since Jim’s grandmother is sick and wants to see him walk down the… Carmen’s caught in a virtual reality game designed by the Kids’ new nemesis, the Toymaker. It’s up to Juni to save his sister, and ultimately the world. Genre: Adventure, Comedy, Family, Science Fiction Lara Croft: Tomb Raider – The Cradle of Life Lara Croft ventures to an underwater temple in search of the mythological Pandora’s Box but, after securing it, it is promptly stolen by the villainous leader of a Chinese crime… Country: Germany, Japan, UK, USA Genre: Adventure, Fantasy, Thriller Out-of-control, trash-talking buddy cops Marcus Burnett and Mike Lowrey of the Miami Narcotics Task Force reunite, and bullets fly, cars crash and laughs explode as they pursue a whacked-out drug… Genre: Adventure, Comedy, Crime, Thriller In this true story, Veronica Guerin is an investigative reporter for an Irish newspaper. As the drug trade begins to bleed into the mainstream, Guerin decides to take on and… To prevent a world war from breaking out, famous characters from Victorian literature band together to do battle against a cunning villain. Country: Czech Republic, Germany, UK, USA Genre: Fantasy, Science Fiction, Thriller Jack Sparrow, a freewheeling 17th-century pirate, quarrels with a rival pirate bent on pillaging Port Royal. When the governor’s daughter is kidnapped, Sparrow decides to help the girl’s love save… The sailor of legend is framed by the goddess Eris for the theft of the Book of Peace, and must travel to her realm at the end of the world… Genre: Adventure, Animation, Comedy, Family After Elle Woods, the eternally perky, fashionably adventurous, famously blonde Harvard Law grad gets fired by her law firm because of her opposition to animal testing, she takes her fight… It’s been 10 years since John Connor saved Earth from Judgment Day, and he’s now living under the radar, steering clear of using anything Skynet can trace. That is, until… Charlie’s Angels: Full Throttle The Angels are charged with finding a pair of missing rings that are encoded with the personal information of members of the Witness Protection Program. As informants are killed, the… Bruce Banner, a genetics researcher with a tragic past, suffers massive radiation exposure in his laboratory that causes him to transform into a raging green monster when he gets angry. Genre: Drama, Science Fiction Nemo, an adventurous young clownfish, is unexpectedly taken from his Great Barrier Reef home to a dentist’s office aquarium. It’s up to his worrisome father Marlin and a friendly but… Chris crashes into a carload of other young people, and the group of stranded motorists is soon lost in the woods of West Virginia, where they’re hunted by three cannibalistic… Charlie Croker pulled off the crime of a lifetime. The one thing that he didn’t plan on was being double-crossed. Along with a drop-dead gorgeous safecracker, Croker and his team… Country: France, Italy, UK, USA Bruce Nolan toils as a “human interest” television reporter in Buffalo, N.Y. Despite his high ratings and the love of his beautiful girlfriend, Grace, Bruce remains unfulfilled. At the end… Genre: Comedy, Fantasy	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729343
__label__wiki	0.848533	0.848533	Will your future computer be made using bacteria? IMAGE: From left to right, A vial of graphite (Gr), like what you would find in an ordinary pencil; a vial of graphene oxide (GO), produced by exfoliating Gr–shedding the layers… Credit: Delft University of Technology photo / Benjamin Lehner In order to create new and more efficient computers, medical devices, and other advanced technologies, researchers are turning to nanomaterials: materials manipulated on the scale of atoms or molecules that exhibit unique properties. Graphene–a flake of carbon as thin as a single later of atoms–is a revolutionary nanomaterial due to its ability to easily conduct electricity, as well as its extraordinary mechanical strength and flexibility. However, a major hurdle in adopting it for everyday applications is producing graphene at a large scale, while still retaining its amazing properties. In a paper published in the journal ChemOpen, Anne S. Meyer, an associate professor of biology at the University of Rochester, and her colleagues at Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands, describe a way to overcome this barrier. The researchers outline their method to produce graphene materials using a novel technique: mixing oxidized graphite with bacteria. Their method is a more cost-efficient, time-saving, and environmentally friendly way of producing graphene materials versus those produced chemically, and could lead to the creation of innovative computer technologies and medical equipment. Graphene is extracted from graphite, the material found in an ordinary pencil. At exactly one atom thick, graphene is the thinnest–yet strongest–two-dimensional material known to researchers. Scientists from the University of Manchester in the United Kingdom were awarded the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physics for their discovery of graphene; however, their method of using sticky tape to make graphene yielded only small amounts of the material. “For real applications you need large amounts,” Meyer says. “Producing these bulk amounts is challenging and typically results in graphene that is thicker and less pure. This is where our work came in.” In order to produce larger quantities of graphene materials, Meyer and her colleagues started with a vial of graphite. They exfoliated the graphite–shedding the layers of material–to produce graphene oxide (GO), which they then mixed with the bacteria Shewanella. They let the beaker of bacteria and precursor materials sit overnight, during which time the bacteria reduced the GO to a graphene material. “Graphene oxide is easy to produce, but it is not very conductive due to all of the oxygen groups in it,” Meyer says. “The bacteria remove most of the oxygen groups, which turns it into a conductive material.” While the bacterially-produced graphene material created in Meyer’s lab is conductive, it is also thinner and more stable than graphene produced chemically. It can additionally be stored for longer periods of time, making it well suited for a variety of applications, including field-effect transistor (FET) biosensors and conducting ink. FET biosensors are devices that detect biological molecules and could be used to perform, for example, real-time glucose monitoring for diabetics. “When biological molecules bind to the device, they change the conductance of the surface, sending a signal that the molecule is present,” Meyer says. “To make a good FET biosensor you want a material that is highly conductive but can also be modified to bind to specific molecules.” Graphene oxide that has been reduced is an ideal material because it is lightweight and very conductive, but it typically retains a small number of oxygen groups that can be used to bind to the molecules of interest. The bacterially produced graphene material could also be the basis for conductive inks, which could, in turn, be used to make faster and more efficient computer keyboards, circuit boards, or small wires such as those used to defrost car windshields. Using conductive inks is an “easier, more economical way to produce electrical circuits, compared to traditional techniques,” Meyer says. Conductive inks could also be used to produce electrical circuits on top of nontraditional materials like fabric or paper. “Our bacterially produced graphene material will lead to far better suitability for product development,” Meyer says. “We were even able to develop a technique of ‘bacterial lithography’ to create graphene materials that were only conductive on one side, which can lead to the development of new, advanced nanocomposite materials.”	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729347
__label__wiki	0.799933	0.799933	Small Business Commission: Worker Protections Shouldn’t Hurt Businesses By Neil Ballard Neil Ballard/Ingleside-Excelsior Light The focus of the April 11 meeting of the Small Business Commission was the tension between social protections for workers on one hand and the cost of doing business for small and independent operators on the other. The issue was brought to the fore by newly instated paid parental leave legislation. The passage of the legislation by the Board of Supervisors makes San Francisco the first city in the country to provide fully paid parental leave to workers by requiring employers with 20 or more employees to offer full paid leave to workers who are new parents. The State of California operates a worker-funded program that covers 55 percent of parental leave and the new legislation will make up the difference to offer full leave. Governor Jerry Brown signed a bill this week that will raise the worker-funded coverage to 60 percent, and to 70 percent for workers making less than $20,000 annually. But members of the Small Business Commission argue that requiring employers to fund the gap is the wrong way to achieve a worthy goal. Small Business Commission President Mark Dwight remarked at the March 28 meeting that paid parental leave, like the $15 minimum wage, is something that the commission supports but should be handled at the State or even Federal level. At the April 11 meeting, the commission adopted clarifying language to their statement of opposition. That language in part reads: “Parental leave is a benefit that should be extended to all employees, no matter what size company they work for. Furthermore, the cost of the benefit should be funded collectively—not imposed selectively only on companies with employees qualifying for the benefit.” “What I’m trying to get away from is putting San Francisco County—its small little walled garden—in a competitive disadvantage with all our regional counties,” Dwight said. Dwight expressed disappointment that the commission was put in a position where it was advocating the exemption of small companies from the legislation. “That was completely the wrong thing to be arguing about,” Dwight said. The universal benefit of paid family leave should be available to all workers, just not the financial responsibility of certain employers, according to Dwight. For example, those employers with younger workforces who would be more likely to avail of the benefit. Ted Egan, the city’s chief economist from the Controller’s Office of Economic Analysis, spoke about a possible alternative to the paid parental leave funding mechanism that could alleviate the financial burden to individual businesses. The existing worker-funded state program works by collecting payroll tax into an insurance pool that is big enough to fund all valid claims, according to Egan. An employer-funded program could work the same way. “An alternative funding mechanism could be a broader based business tax […] that would replace the employer’s individual responsibility” for compensating workers on leave, Egan said. Small business advocates Scott Hauge and Stephen Cornell spoke about their ideas for a proposed outreach program to better connect government and business people. The Office of Small Business has hired a new Small Business Commission Secretary, Menaka Mahajan. Muni is working with Mission Street merchants to address concerns related to the “red carpet” bus-only lane for the 14R line. Related Items:labor, paid family leave, small business commission	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729353
__label__cc	0.611055	0.388945	Art, politics and genital mutilation My friends' Facebook updates are full of shock and horror about Sweden's minister of culture cutting a 'genital mutilation cake'. The first story I read about the cake carried the image above. It struck me as odd that the minister appeared to be feeding the cake to the head of the cake, rather than eating it herself. I later learned the occasion was a performance by a Swedish artist of African extraction named Makode Aj Linde; his real head was part of the cake installaion, and he screamed everytime a part of his 'torso' was cut. Once I saw the video, the whole thing made sense to me. The piece is a protest against the history of imperialist racism and the custom of genital mutilation. It's strange to me that even those who've seen the video interpret the performance as racist in intent or effect. One Facebook friend linked to the video with the words, "This is utterly revolting. If this is “freedom of expression” as the article suggests it might be argued, then Sweden (and everyone) is doomed." I, on the other hand, think, "If this is viewed as racist, then art is doomed". OK, that's an exaggeration. I don't really think art is doomed. I only think it's doomed to be misunderstood through dissemination in the media. The way M.F.Husain's painting of Sita and Hanuman was framed in media discussions, for example, it was hard to defend except by reference to an ideal of free expression that neither the Indian constitution nor the majority of India's citizens support. It's weird to see friends who defended Husain expressing disgust at Makode Aj Linde. They still haven't understood how media coverage distorts art's meanings, which was for me the central lesson of the long years of Husain's vilification. One reason a number of people are repelled by the video is that those cutting the cake, including the minister, laugh through the process. However, that's the way art openings work. There's the context of the event, which is convivial and celebratory. There's also the emotional context created by the art, which is often very different. Just because we sip wine and joke while standing next to images of barbarity doesn't mean those images have failed to convey their true import or that we are insensitive to it. If the art is good, it will stay with us, and our minds will return to it on many occasions in the future when we aren't sipping wine or chatting with friends. Those women cutting into the genital mutilation cake might be laughing, not only because of the event's context but because there's a kind of grotesque slapstick involved in the performance. But you can see some smiles turning uneasy even during the very short run of the video. I have no doubt the artist's screams, and the act of cutting into what seems at one level like a body, created a great deal of discomfiture among those who participated. It may not be evident from the video, but those who've experienced such performances know the slow-burn effect they produce. So I have no complaints whatsoever about the ethical or political background to the cake cutting. My only objection is that the velvet sponge looks orange rather than blood red. It's really a bad idea for politicians to get involved with contemporary art: I just don't see the upside. Years ago, the British Council organised a workshop with a group of British and Indian artists. The resulting show was inaugurated by the then Chief Minister Vilasrao Deshmukh. I was in the gallery when he arrived followed by dozens of photogs. On one side of the room hung a massive Subodh Gupta photo-portrait showing the artist nude, riding a horse. On the opposite wall hung an equally nude and equally large photo-portrait of a female British artist whose name I can't recall. I noticed Mr Deshmukh glance quickly around the room as he walked through the door, and immediately recognise the potential disaster awaiting him: his photograph splashed on the front page of the next morning's papers looking either at a naked man riding a horse or, much worse, a naked White woman splayed on a floor. Obviously, he couldn't glance at either wall even fleetingly as he passed those prints. He moved straight across the room to where the lamp lay waiting to be lit, without seeming deliberately to ignore the art. Once past the minefield, he pretended to take more interest in what was on the walls. For those brief moments, I admired the man's presence of mind. It isn't easy being a politician in our age. Of course, as Vilasrao Deshmukh knows well, political power offers a number of compensations. Labels: Art, media jaimit said... there... youtube has helped you make your point. they have removed your video as it violated it's policy of prohibiting hate speech. sometimes i wonder how we must accept all types of speech as right to free speech. so much for sergey and larry's rant about 'free' internet. Hate speech! And nobody says a word during the performance... Girish, I am more cynical than you about the Swedish audience and I don't know if I can wholeheartedly agree that "I have no doubt the artist's screams, and the act of cutting into what seems at one level like a body, created a great deal of discomfiture among those who participated". I personally saw more flippancy and mischief than uneasiness in the audience. The art piece as such is very interesting and in a different place and context, it would have achieved more and it may have already done what it was meant by bringing light to the superficiality and hypocrisy in the Swedish intellectual elites. Here is an interesting article on the issue: http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2012/04/the-brilliance-of-swedens-shocking-golliwog-cake/256168/ "The conversation within Sweden about African FGM can sometimes feel like it's more for the benefit of Swedes than it is for actual Africans... [Linde means to] draw attention to the subtle racial politics of Sweden's popular conceptions of FGM and Africans generally. That's not an easy thing to explain to people in words, but a screaming cake seems to have done it." -- VV (ps: will be in Bbay in June. we must meet up if you are there) Thanks for your note, VV; It's possible you're right. Palme's idea of the performance as mousetrap is intriguing. Here's a version that hasn't been taken off YouTube yet: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tdx4QXMZtmQ Looking at the face of the first woman who cuts into the cake, I still spot a degree of unease: she's laughing because the occasion calls for it, but not whole-heartedly. Also, one of the women in the background looks rather distressed (again, not distressed the way one might at the site of an accident, but within the parameters of the celebratory occasion). I accept, however, that a short video clip and a couple of photographs do not provide adequate context to interpret the piece. What we can agree on is, I think, that the artwork itself is not racist at all (as so many people first thought), but a critique of racism. Oh, for sure. It was clearly a critique of racism. If anything, the disturbing part was the gender aspect, but even that, as a conceptual art piece, there is nothing much to take issue with. It was meant to shock and generate a reaction, which it did. In fact, if the artist actually intended to expose Swedish attitudes around race and the global South as the Atlantic article implies, then he is quite brilliant. I was more intrigued by the reactions of the audience than by the art piece. The deficit experiment: mid-term results are in Jack Nicholson's best films Conversations: Rashid Rana Public space, private space, public art, private a... Conversations: Sudhir Patwardhan Arundhati Roy, colonialism and the spectre of Marx... Annotating Arundhati	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729356
__label__wiki	0.863729	0.863729	Kansas City Royals: The Manny Machado Effect The Los Angeles Dodgers and New York Yankees' offer remains the "strongest", per Rosenthal, while ... 'I Am One Of The Best Defenders In The World!' I showed why I took Liverpool to the final of the Champions League and now with the national tea... Jabari Parker Agrees To $40 Million, Two Year Deal With Bulls With the free agency market slowing and cap space drying up around the National Basketball Associati... Djokovic downs Nadal in epic to reach Wimbledon final Saturday on Twitter, Isner not only thanked Anderson for responding to the epic with humility and em... Police investigating paraglider who flew over Trump's Turnberry resort In his joint press conference with Mrs May on Friday, President Trump appeared to row back on an e... Kevin Anderson wins semifinal match, hopes for format change They did not start their match until after 20:00 BST as they had to wait for Kevin Anderson's epic... Milwaukee Bucks Forward Jabari Parker Hosts Pickup Game In Local Park It's a two-year, $40 million deal, league sources told ESPN . The Bucks would then have 48 hours to... Nadal fights past Del Porto, Novak next Last night, he couldn't quite edge the Spaniard, who prevailed 7-5, 6-7 (7-9), 4-6, 6-4, 6-4 in a li... Sri Lanka vs South Africa However, captain Faf du Plessis might have to rely less on his quick men and more on his spinners,... NBA Summer League: Tony Bradley impressive in first three games He said decades later, the investment is still paying off, setting an example for Summer League star... Kieran Trippier to be awarded prestigious honour after World Cup heroics Modric for Ballon d'Or if Croatia win the World Cup? It ensures that the party goes on well after th... Southgate to make "as few changes as possible" for Belgium Meanwhile, Sky Sports reports that England's Kieran Trippier, Kyle Walker and Jordan Henderson... The Biggest Booby-Trap at the Tour de France: Cobblestone Roads Here are full details of the remaining teams and riders at the Tour. Gaviria and green jersey hold... May's Brexit plan could 'kill' U.S. trade deal U.S. President Donald Trump walks at his golf resort under the gaze of police officers, in Turnber... Winning is all that matters for Ivan Rakitic in World Cup final In Croatia they call Miroslav Blazevic "the coach of all coaches" but on Sunday it is his former p... Chesea Close To Finally Replacing Conte And Gazumping City For Napoli Midfielder Conte leaves Chelsea after just two years in charge, having won the FA Cup last term and the Pr... Mourinho reveals why he wanted Perisic to join Man Utd England led after a superb Kieran Trippier free kick five minutes in but they were made pay for th... Public prayers and orange jumpsuits: How London's Muslims stood up to Trump Asked directly whether he thinks Johnson might someday replace May, he declined to comment, saying h... Who will win the World Cup? I don't care how, I want a second star to be on this shirt. In reference to the opportunity of win... Jabari Parker on verge of signing offer sheet with hometown Chicago Bulls If Parker were to rebound well from injury and take the necessary steps in his development, the Bull... Anderson survives six and a half hour thriller The semi-final was deep into the fifth set when the new record was set, although it was a long way b... Maurizio Sarri agrees to become Chelsea boss, with Gianfranco Zola as assistant Sarri didn't win a major title at Napoli , however, and that would not be tolerated at Chelsea . ... Serena nears eighth Wimbledon title Just 10 months after giving birth in traumatic circumstances and four tournaments into her return,... Wimbledon \| Goerges sets up Wimbledon semi-final date with Serena To be in the semifinals". "I'm always striving for perfection". The Italian took the first set six... Greensboro native John Isner eliminated in Wimbledon semifinals If Kevin Anderson was facing John Isner in the first week of Wimbledon , it's hard to imagine i... Djokovic looks like he could catch Federer, Nadal Speaking in an interview with Radio Marca , uncle Toni gave his thoughts on the result and said Dj... Las Vegas Summer League: All-Rookie Teams Undrafted rookie and new two-way contract signee Naz Reid , who was impressive for much of Summer L... Up and coming star signs new five-year Chelsea deal Goal revealed two weeks ago that fresh terms for the England U21 worldwide were close. Kante pic... Tiger Woods admits Masters win ‘took a lot out of me’ Koepka will play his first two rounds at Royal Portrush alongside 2010 British Open champion Louis... 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Whitaker, an International Boxing Hall of Fame inductee, was 55. A distinguished amateur of over 200 fights, Whitaker won the gold medal at the 19... More Madden 20 Ratings: Here Are The Four 99-Rated Players The best of the best (according to Madden ) are Aaron Donald, Khalil Mack, Bobby Wagner and DeAndre Hopkins. As for Titans players who were over a 90... Former South Africa striker shot dead Former prominent South African footballer Marc Batchelor , was shot dead on Monday night near his Johannesburg home. Batchelor in the past has be... Steve Bruce to Pursue Everton Duo Yannick Bolasie & James McCarthy at Newcastle Bruce was appointed by the Owls in January, but did not start the job until February. Newcastle fans are desperate to see the club spend some money ... 76ers & Ben Simmons Agree To Massive 5-Year Deal Meghan Markle and Kate Middleton's Wimbledon body language hints thaw in 'rift' Nadal takes down Kyrgios in four explosive sets Marais Erasmus, Kumar Dharmasena Named On-Field Umpires For The Final Astana's Fuglsang in top 10 after Tour de France Stage 8	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729357
__label__wiki	0.51183	0.51183	Attiya Mahmood Pakistani Diplomat Attiya Mahmood has served as a Pakistani diplomat for over 35 years. Her credentials include Ambassadorial posts to the Kingdom of Morocco, Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan and the Republic of Indonesia. Most significantly, during her tenure in Jordan from 2010-13, she witnessed the transformative events unfolding in the region. Within the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, she has been involved with drawing and implementing an Africa Programme; providing diplomatic, economic, agricultural and educational training to African countries as part of Pakistan Government’s outreach policy for the Continent. She also headed and established the first Human Rights desk at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Her experience further includes participation in HR Council meetings in Geneva and UNGA sessions in New York. Also as Head of the Americas Division in the Ministry, she overlooked bilateral relations with the US, Canada and the whole of Latin America. She travelled to the region and held bilateral meetings with her counterparts in Brazil, Canada and Mexico. Notably, she represented the Ministry in the Pakistan-US Strategic Dialogue meetings held in Washington and Islamabad during 2008-10, a challenging period in Pakistan-US bilateral relations. Besides her diplomatic experience, she also pioneered and organized unique shows and exhibitions to showcase Pakistani culture. She conceived and managed “Rhythms of the Indus” show, performed in the Royal Albert Hall, London in 2002. She also arranged and managed various highly successful music shows and trade exhibitions, including qawali performances; Truck Art shows and paintings exhibitions etc., in Toronto, Ankara, Manila, London, Rabat, Amman and Jakarta. Following her retirement, she has joined Ahemed E.H.Jaffer Foundation, a Not-For-Profit organization in Karachi as its Chief Operating Officer. Besides, she is also the Chief Executive Officer of Pakistan First Initiative (PFI), a civil society forum established in Karachi by former President of Pakistan General Pervez Musharraf. She also serves on the Executive Board of All Pakistan Music Conference (APMC) Karachi, which works for the promotion and preservation of classical music.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729358
__label__cc	0.742603	0.257397	Intake of vitamins C and E and risk of Alzheimer's disease. Related Monographs Consumer Data: Vitamin C Vitamin E Professional Data: Vitamin C Vitamin E Senile dementia is the medical term for senility, the gradual loss of mental function that so often occurs with aging. Alzheimer's disease, the most common form of senile dementia, accounts for more than 60 percent of the cognitive function disorders in the aging population. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive condition that results in a slow deterioration of memory, reasoning, and behavior. The loss of intellectual function interferes with daily life, and after a disease course that may last many years, eventually results in death. Death is usually due to factors such as malnutrition, complications of the immune system such as pneumonia or infection, injury, and even choking. Alzheimer's is a debilitating disease that causes severe degeneration of brain tissue. Plaque deposits accumulate in the spaces between brain cells. The cells themselves form twisted, spaghetti-like masses called "neurofibrillary tangles." Why these changes happen in the brains of some people but not others remains a matter of speculation. Scientists are unsure as to which of these abnormalities occurs first, the plaque or the tangles. What triggers them in the first place is not known for certain. Recently, a study was conducted to determine if the intake of antioxidants was related to the risk of Alzheimer's disease. This prospective cohort study investigated 5,395 adults who were all over the age of 55 at baseline. These participants were free from dementia and dietary assessments. From 1990 to 1999, researchers monitored the incidence of Alzheimer's or dementia and the dietary intake of antioxidants such as beta-carotene and vitamins E and C. After follow-up, 197 participants developed dementia, and 146 of those developed Alzheimer's. After adjustments for lifestyle habits, the results illustrated that higher intakes of vitamin E and vitamin C were associated with a decreased risk of dementia or Alzheimer's disease. This association was the highest among current smokers. The authors concluded that high intakes of vitamins C and E could lower the risks of dementia and Alzheimer's disease.1 1. Engelhart MJ, et al. Dietary Intake of Antioxidants and Risk of Alzheimer's Disease. JAMA. Jun 2002; 287:3223-3229.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729359
__label__cc	0.676937	0.323063	American Depositary Shares, each representing 12 Ordinary Shares, par value £0.001 per share [_] Rule 13d-1(d) The remainder of this cover page shall be filled out for a reporting person's initial filing on this form with respect to the subject class of securities, and for any subsequent amendment containing information which would alter the disclosures provided in a prior cover page. The information required in the remainder of this cover page shall not be deemed to be "filed' for the purpose of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Act”) or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section of the Act but shall be subject to all other provisions of the Act (however, see the Notes). CUSIP No. 36197T103 1. NAME OF REPORTING PERSONS: 2. CHECK THE APPROPRIATE BOX IF A MEMBER OF A GROUP (SEE INSTRUCTIONS) (a) [_] (b) [ ] 5. SOLE VOTING POWER 6. SHARED VOTING POWER 7. SOLE DISPOSITIVE POWER 8. SHARED DISPOSITIVE POWER 10. CHECK BOX IF THE AGGREGATE AMOUNT IN ROW (9) EXCLUDES CERTAIN SHARES (SEE INSTRUCTIONS) [_] 11. PERCENT OF CLASS REPRESENTED BY AMOUNT IN ROW (9) 12. TYPE OF REPORTING PERSON (SEE INSTRUCTIONS) CO, HC Matthew Sirovich IN, HC Jeremy Mindich Item 1. (a). Name of Issuer: GW Pharmaceuticals PLC (the “Issuer”) (b). Address of Issuer's Principal Executive Offices: Chivers Way, Histon Cambridge, CB24 9BZ Item 2. (a). Name of Person Filing: (b). Address or Principal Business Office or, if None, Residence: c/o Scopia Capital Management LP (c). Citizenship: Scopia Capital Management LP is a Delaware limited partnership Scopia Management, Inc. is a New York corporation Matthew Sirovich is a United States citizen Jeremy Mindich is a United States citizen (d). Title of Class of Securities: (e). CUSIP Number: Item 3. If this statement is filed pursuant to §§.240.13d-1(b) or 240.13d-2(b), or (c), check whether the person filing is a: (a) [_] Broker or dealer registered under section 15 of the Act (15 U.S.C. 78o). (b) [_] Bank as defined in section 3(a)(6) of the Act (15 U.S.C. 78c). (c) [_] Insurance company as defined in section 3(a)(19) of the Act (15 U.S.C. 78c). (d) [_] Investment company registered under section 8 of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (15 U.S.C. 80a-8). (e) [X] An investment adviser in accordance with § 240.13d-1(b)(1)(ii)(E); (f) [_] An employee benefit plan or endowment fund in accordance with § 240.13d-1(b)(1)(ii)(F); (g) [X] A parent holding company or control person in accordance with §240.13d-1(b)(1)(ii)(G); (h) [_] A savings association as defined in Section 3(b) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (12 U.S.C.1813); (i) [_] A church plan that is excluded from the definition of an investment company under section 3(c)(14) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (15 U.S.C. 80a-3); (j) [_] A non-U.S. institution in accordance with §240.13d-1(b)(1)(ii)(J); (k) [_] Group, in accordance with §240.13d-1(b)(1)(ii)(K). If filing as a non-U.S. institution in accordance with §240.13d-1(b)(1)(ii)(J), please specify the type of institution: Item 4. Ownership. Provide the following information regarding the aggregate number and percentage of the class of securities of the issuer identified in Item 1. (c) Number of shares as to which the person has: (i) Sole power to vote or to direct the vote 0 , (ii) Shared power to vote or to direct the vote 1,929,767 , (iii) Sole power to dispose or to direct the disposition of 0 , (iv) Shared power to dispose or to direct the disposition of 1,929,767 . If this statement is being filed to report the fact that as of the date hereof the reporting person has ceased to be the beneficial owner of more than five percent of the class of securities, check the following [__]. Ownership of More Than Five Percent on Behalf of Another Person. If any other person is known to have the right to receive or the power to direct the receipt of dividends from, or the proceeds from the sale of, such securities, a statement to that effect should be included in response to this item and, if such interest relates to more than five percent of the class, such person should be identified. A listing of the shareholders of an investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 or the beneficiaries of employee benefit plan, pension fund or endowment fund is not required. All securities reported in this Schedule 13G are directly held by advisory clients of Scopia Capital Management LP. None of such advisory clients individually holds more than 5% of the Issuer's outstanding shares. Item 7. Identification and Classification of the Subsidiary Which Acquired the Security Being Reported on by the Parent Holding Company or Control Person. If a parent holding company or Control person has filed this schedule, pursuant to Rule 13d-1(b) (1) (ii)(G), so indicate under Item 3(g) and attach an exhibit stating the identity and the Item 3 classification of the relevant subsidiary. If a group has filed this schedule pursuant to ss.240.13d-1(b)(1)(ii)(J), so indicate under Item 3(j) and attach an exhibit stating the identity and Item 3 classification of each member of the group. If a group has filed this schedule pursuant to §§ 240.13d-1(c) or §§ 240.13d-1(d), attach an exhibit stating the identity of each member of the group. Notice of dissolution of a group may be furnished as an exhibit stating the date of the dissolution and that all further filings with respect to transactions in the security reported on will be filed, if required, by members of the group, in their individual capacity. See Item 5. Item 10. Certification. By signing below I certify that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, the securities referred to above were acquired and are held in the ordinary course of business and were not acquired and are not held for the purpose of or with the effect of changing or influencing the control of the issuer of the securities and were not acquired and are not held in connection with or as a participant in any transaction having that purpose or effect. After reasonable inquiry and to the best of my knowledge and belief, I certify that the information set forth in this statement is true, complete and correct. (Date) By: /s/ Samantha Nasello Name: Samantha Nasello Title: CCO By: /s/ Aaron Morse Name: Aaron Morse By: /s/ Matthew Sirovich Name: Matthew Sirovich By: /s/ Jeremy Mindich Name: Jeremy Mindich Note. Schedules filed in paper format shall include a signed original and five copies of the schedule, including all exhibits. See Rule 13d-7 for other parties for whom copies are to be sent. Attention. Intentional misstatements or omissions of fact constitute Federal criminal violations (see 18 U.S.C. 1001).	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729361
__label__cc	0.595285	0.404715	Impact of Information Literacy Skill on Students’ Academic Performance in Bangladesh Purnima Banik, Department of Information Science and Library Management, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh Bezon Kumar, Department of Economics, Varendra University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh The study explores the level of academic performance and information literacy skill of undergraduate students in Bangladesh. In addition, the study examines the impact of information literacy skill on students’ academic performance. To achieve the objectives, the study uses primary data collected from 325 students and employs several statistical and econometric methods. The study firstly uses information literacy skill index to measure the level of students’ information literacy skill and secondly, uses a linear regression estimated by OLS method to examine the impact of information literacy skill on students’ academic performance. The study finds that most of the students’ Grade Point Average (GPA) is medium standard which ranges between 3.01 and 3.50 and the level of information literacy skill is lower which ranges between 10 and 20. Besides, the study also finds that study hour, family income, class attendance, past academic result and information literacy skill are the significant factors which influence students’ academic performance. More specifically, the study finds that students’ GPA may be increased by 0.012 if students’ information literacy skill is increased by one unit. Therefore, the study suggests nursing students’ information literacy skill to improve the students’ academic performance. Academic Performance, Information Literacy Skill, Bangladesh Purnima Banik, Bezon Kumar, Impact of Information Literacy Skill on Students’ Academic Performance in Bangladesh, International Journal of European Studies. Vol. 3, No. 1, 2019, pp. 27-33. doi: 10.11648/j.ijes.20190301.15 Bangladesh University Grant Commission Website. www.ugc.gov.bd. Mushtaq, I. and Khan, S. N. (2012). Factors affecting students’ academic performance. Global Journal of Management and Business Research, 12(9): 17-22. https://globaljournals.org/ GJMBR_Volume12/3-FactorsAffecting-Studentsacademic.pdf. Ali, S., Haider, Z., Munir, F., Khan, H. and Ahmed, A. (2013). Factors contributing to the students’ academic performance: a case study of Islamia University Sub-Campus. American Journal of Educational Research, 1(8): 283-289. 10.12691/education-1-8-3. Ahmmed, M. M. and Salim, Z. R. (2018). Determinants of academic performance of undergraduate students in private universities in Bangladesh: a case Study. Global Journal of Management and Business Research, 18(11): 28-34. https://socialscienceresearch.org/index.php/GJHSS/ article/view/2622/2511. Ahmad, M. and Rahman, M. F. (2019). Extracurricular activities and student’s academic performance. Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh, 11(2): 1-2. https://doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v11i2.39814. Sikhwari, T. D., Mapgosa, C., Masehela, L. and Ndebele, C. (2017). Exploring students’ views on factors affecting academic performance in a South African University. International Journal of Educational Sciences, 10 (3): 442-450. https://doi.org/10.1080/09751122.2015.11890367. Fernando, R. L. S. (2017). Determinants of academic performance of undergraduates of the faculty of management studies and commerce of the University of Sri Jayewardenepura in Sri Lanka. International Journal of Social Sciences, 3(2): 1077-1101. https://dx.doi.org/10.20319/ pijss.2017.32.10771101. Rosi, M. (2017). Factors affecting academic performance of university evening students. Journal of Education and Human Development, 6(1): 96-102. 10.15640/jehd.v6n1a10. Hijazi, S. T. and Naqvi, S. M. M. R. (2006). Factors affecting students’ performance: a case of private colleges. Bangladesh e-Journal of Sociology, 3(1): 1-10. https://www.researchgate. net/publication/281060722. American Library Association. Presidential Committee on Information Literacy: Final report (1989). http://www.ala.org/ala/acrl/acrlpubs/whitepapers/presidential.cfm. Alagu, A., and Thanuskodi, S. (2018). Assessment of information literacy skills among students of Alagappa University, India. Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal), 2083. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2083. Yager, Z., Salisbury, F., and Kirkman, L. (2013). Assessment of information literacy skills among first year students. The International Journal of the First Year in Higher Education, 4(1). 59-71. 10.5204/intjfyhe.v4i1.140. Malanga, D. F. M. (2017). Assessing information literacy skills: a survey of undergraduate education students at the University of Livingstonia in Malawi. Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal), 1806. https://digitalcommons.unl. edu/libphilprac/1806. Kousar, M. and Mahmood, K. (2013). Information literacy skills assessment of undergraduate engineering students. communications in computer and information science book series (CCIS). 397: 471-477. https://link.springer.com /chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-039190_63. Hossain, M. M., Islam, M. J., Biswas, B. and Hossain, M. K. (2017). The impact of students “socio-economic condition on academic performance in public and national university of Bangladesh. Asian Research Journal of Mathematics, 7(3): 1-16. 10.9734/ARJOM/2017/37650. Shahiduzzaman, M., Ali, M. K. and Islam, M. R. (2017). Factors influencing the academic performance of undergraduate students of private universities in Bangladesh: Modeling Approach. International Journal of Anthropology, 32(1-2): 10.14673/HE2017121028. Hossain. S. (2013). A study of determining the relationship between academic achievement and problem behavior of urban secondary school students in Bangladesh. The International Journal of Social Sciences, 8(1): 1-10. https://www.tijoss.com/8th%20Volume/saira.pdf Ahmed, O. and Khanam, M. (2015). Strategies for learning and academic achievement of secondary school students. Dhaka University Journal of Biological Science, 24(1): 91‐97. http://journal.library.du.ac.bd/index.php?journal=dujbs&page=article&op=viewFile&path[]= 1015&path[]=973. Alam, M. M., Billah, M. A. and Alam, M. S. (2014). Factors affecting academic performance of undergraduate students at International Islamic University Chittagong (IIUC), Bangladesh. Journal of Education and Practice, 5(39): 143-154. https://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/JEP/article/viewFile/18568/19198. Danyial, M., Nawaz, T., Aleem, M. and Hassan, A. (2011). The factors affecting the students’ performance: a case study of Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan. African Journal of Education and Technology, 1(2): 45-51. https://www.academia.edu/23148013/The_Factors_affect ing_the_students_performance_A_case_study_of_The_Islamia_University_of_Bahawalpur_Pakistan. Bhattacharya, R. and Bhattacharya, D. B. (2015). Psychological factors affecting students’ academic performance in higher education among students. International Journal for Research and Development in Technology, 4(1): 63-71. https://www.academia.edu/14692223/Psycho_logical_factorsaffecting_students_academic_performance_in_higher_education_among_students. Jabber, M., Aziz, M.A and Zeb, S. (2011). A study on effect of demographic factors on the achievement of secondary school students on the Punjab, Pakistan, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 1(1): 1-13. http://hrmars.com/admin/pics/13.pdf. Raychaudhuri, A., Debnath, M., Sen, S. and Majumder. (2010). Factors affecting students’ academic performance: a case study in Agartala municipal council area. Bangladesh e-Journal of Sociology, 7(2): 34-41. http://bangladeshsociology.org/BEJS%207.2%20%20 Factors%20Affecting%20Students.pdf. Kumar, B., Hossain, M. E. and Osmani, M. A. G. (2018). Utilization of international remittances in Bangladesh. Remittances Review, 3(1): 5-18. https://journal.tplondon. com/index.php/rem/article/view/986.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729364
__label__cc	0.710042	0.289958	Dhaka, May 13, 2019: 27 Bangladeshi migrants who died in a boat capsize in the Mediterranean Sea, the Bangladesh Red Crescent Society confiremd. “There might be more Bangladeshi victims among the dead,” Imam Zafar Sikder, Director of local Red Crescent’s Restoring Family Links, said. The disaster struck after around 75 migrants had set sail for Italy on a large boat from the conflict-ridden Libya on Thursday before being transferred to a smaller one. The overcrowded vessel subsequently sank in the Mediterranean Sea off the coast of Tunisia on Friday, killing at least 65 people, the majority of whom were Bangladeshis. Of the 16 people rescued by Tunisian fishermen, 14 were Bangladeshis.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729367
__label__wiki	0.939747	0.939747	HOME OF THE HITS A Blog Devoted to the Vintage American Record Industry and Its Music Richard Huntley Plays King Music Richard Livingston Huntley He's Keeping the Beat of King Records Three drummers appear in Cincinnati King, the new play written and directed by KJ Sanchez and presented at Cincinnati’s Playhouse in the Park. They are the late Sydney Nathan, a one-time drummer and the owner of King Records; veteran King side man Philip Paul; and Richard Huntley, an Austin-based drummer and the play’s music director who appreciates the colorful story behind the musicians, vocalists, and songwriters at the old Cincinnati label. Huntley is the only one of the drummers who actually plays in the show. He performs with a crack combo that he assembled specifically for the production, which will run at the Playhouse through December 23. The man who sits behind his own vintage 1960s drum set has been exploring the city’s musical past and present, including a visit to the old King headquarters on Brewster Avenue in the Evanston neighborhood. “The whole city’s music scene is legendary—and historic,” he said in a recent interview. “It’s such an honor to come here and meet Philip Paul and see where the King musicians played on all those great country and R&B hits.” At ninety-three years old, the iconic Paul is still playing drums around town. Unfortunately, King closed its Cincinnati plant in 1971, after a run of twenty-eight years. While the actors who play Nathan and Paul appear as important characters on stage, Huntley doesn’t say a word. He doesn’t have to. His smooth beats take us back to the early music of King Records of the 1940s and ’50s, when it laid the foundation of rock ’n’ roll. Fortunately, I got to spend a couple of hours talking to him a week after the show opened. He is as great a conversationalist as he is a drummer. He has been devoted to music since he was a kid growing up in New York. His favorite style is jazz, but he can play any type of music—and enjoy it. Huntley started his lifelong musical adventure when his mom enrolled him and his brother in piano lessons. But it was the drums that he was drawn to, and the power they provided. He paid for a drum set by using the money he earned from a paper route when he was only twelve years old. Even then, his mom would not let him keep them in the house. He had to move them to a neighbor’s basement, and that’s where he spent hours developing his craft. In a satisfying career that has taken him to over thirty countries, he has performed at important jazz and blues festivals and backed many jazz giants, including George Coleman, Harold Mabern, and Dave Liebman. Huntley selected all the music for the Cincinnati King, spending hundreds of hours reviewing the vast discography that Sydney Nathan and his music-makers left behind. Huntley listened to their originals, covers, and remakes before finally making the tough decisions: Which ones would end up in the musical? Before making the decision, however, he had to negotiate with his wife, KJ Sanchez. She had been working on the script for several years, and had become fascinated with Nathan and his many star recording artists. “I have always been drawn to the tension between ambition and endurance,” she said. Huntley, who has jazz in his DNA, was the perfect musician to find the great country and R&B numbers that would be sung by the talented actors playing Little Willie John, Lula Reed, the Delmore Brothers, and others. Yet the hardest part was whittling down the sixty songs he had already favored. After much agony, he realized he had to cut the number to seventeen. That’s how many ended up in the musical. “The decision wasn’t easy to make,” he added. “In fact, it was nearly impossible. But I kept at it. I needed special songs for the play, so that was a major factor in the selection process.” It was a joy to hear the songs actually performed live. As Huntley explained, “I remember clearly the first time I had heard multiple versions of the King hit song ‘Blues Stay Away From Me’. The eerie, plaintive twang of the Delmore Brothers, the gutbucket cry of Lonnie Johnson, and the doo-wop infused Otis Williams and the Charms. I was blown away. I listened to the three versions repeatedly one afternoon, over and over again. How could one song be arranged, sung, and delivered with such a completely different feeling, grooves, and swing?” The eerie sounds hit me, too. With their different arrangements, they sounded like three different songs. For the first time, I realized how the three versions could sound totally different. To my ear, they were entities of their own. The band brought its own originality to the songs, yet kept the feeling of the hits. Credit goes to drummer Huntley, pianist Ralph Huntley (Richard’s brother), guitarist Seth L. Johnson, and bassist Terrell Montgomery. Huntley said he was surprised by the sounds that King achieved by recording for the first few years on one-track tape machines. “This was an era, mind you, when the music was recorded at the same time, with musicians in one room playing live—with no overdubs or ‘punch-in’ to correct a mistake,” he said. “One had to play it correctly or live with the consequences—there were no computer programs to correct a wrong note, a ripple in the grooves, or a waiver in the pitch.” He said the immediacy and intimacy of the one-track sessions “is the real genius of this music, and I truly hope it inspires deeper listening.” Recorded vocals and arrangements used in the play are not necessarily based on the ones done first by King. Nor are they always by the artists most closely identified with the songs. Nathan liked to record the same song by artists in R&B, country, pop, and other genres, so plenty of versions were available to Huntley. He decided to base his versions on those that fit the plot, the show’s theme, and the types of vocalists who are featured. Several songs that Huntley chose were recorded by Little Willie John because he is a major character, portrayed by actor and vocalist Richard Crandle. His vocals are electrifying. Huntley chose these songs: 1. “Gravy Train,” sung and written by Tiny Bradshaw. 2. “I’ve Done It,” sung and written by Moon Mullican, with co-writers Henry Glover, Lois Mann (Syd Nathan), and Louis Innis. 3. “Fever,” sung by Little Willie John and written by John Davenport (Otis Blackwell) and Eddie Cooley. 4. “All Around the World,” sung by Little Willie John and written by Titus Turner. 5. “I’m Doin’ It,” sung by Annisteen Allen and credited to writers Alan Freed, Henry Glover, Lois Mann, and Fred Weismantel. 6. “Blues Stay Away From Me,” sung by the Delmore Brothers and Lonnie Johnson and written by Rabon and Alton Delmore, Henry Glover, and Wayne Raney. 7. “Sixty-Minute Man,” sung by Bill Brown and written by Billy Ward and Rose Marks. 8. “Signed, Sealed, and Delivered,” sung by James Brown and written by Cowboy Copas and Lois Mann. 9. “The Twist,” sung and written by Hank Ballard. 10. “It’s Easy Child,” sung by Lula Reed and Freddy King and written by Sue Sandler, Gene Redd, and Kaye Bennett. 11. “Need Your Love So Bad,” sung and written by Little Willie John. 12. “You’re Welcome to the Club,” sung by Lee “Shot” Williams and written by Sonny Thompson. 13. “My Love Is,” sung and written by Little Willie John. 14. “I’m Shakin’,” sung by Little Willie John and written by Rudy Toombs. 15. “Leave My Kitten Alone,” as sung by Little Willie John and written by John, Titus Turner, and James McDougal. 16. “Drown in My Own Tears,” sung by Lula Reed and written by Henry Glover. 17. “Why Don’t You Haul Off and Love Me,” a R&B version sung by Little Willie John and written by Wayne Raney and Lonnie Glosson. Nathan published a number of the songs through his Lois Music. He produced some of the earlier recordings and preferred to live with a mistake or two in a track because it sounded livelier and had more feeling than other the takes. He was looking for a sound that only he could hear, and many times those livelier songs were big hits. “As I dug deeper,” Huntley said, “I learned that King had an interracial studio band, which, for the 1950s and 1960s, was very rare indeed. Who were these fabulous unsung heroes who could create such exquisite and memorable music—music that would be the foundation of rock ’n’ roll, soul R&B, and country music? . . . “So many styles and flavors—music that was pulsing and swinging with an intensity and spirt that sounds just and vibrant and fresh today as the day it was released.” At King Records, in a run-down former pressing plant in Evanston, Richard Huntley found a whole new world of music. Alison James contributed to this story. KJ Sanchez, writer and director Cincinnati King By KJ Sanchez Syd Nathan: Neal Benari Philip Paul: Stanley Wayne Mathis Little Willie John: Richard Crandle Roberta Paul: Tracy Schoster Anita Welch: Annisteen Allen, Lula Reed, and others. Cullen R. Titmas: Moon Mullican, Cowboy Copas, the Delmores. Posted by RANDY McNUTT at 9:13 PM Randy McNutt's music histories include: Cal Stewart: Your Uncle Josh, Weathervane Press, 1981 We Wanna Boogie: An Illustrated History of the American Rockabilly Movement, HHP Books, 1989 Little Labels--Big Sound (With Rick Kennedy), Indiana University Press, 1999 Too Hot to Handle: An Illustrated Encyclopedia of American Recording Studios of the 20th Century, HHP Books, 2001 Guitar Towns: A Journey to the Crossroads of Rock 'n' Roll, Indiana University Press, 2002 The Cinncinnati Sound, Arcadia Publishing, 2007 King Records of Cincinnati, Arcadia Publishing, 2009 RANDY McNUTT Randy McNutt is an independent record producer and the author of 23 books, including "We Wanna Boogie: An Illustrated History of the American Rockabilly Movement," "Too Hot to Handle: An Illustrated Encyclopedia of American Recording Studios of the 20th Century," and "Guitar Towns: A Journey to the Crossroads of Rock 'n' Roll." He founded this blog to complement home ofthehits.blogspot.com. Welcome to Home of the Hits, a blog devoted to the record industry of old. It will transport you back to the days when the people who created the hits and the misses were often characters who flourished in a community of creativity. Accountants and lawyers? Relegated to the back room. So enjoy these tales of wacky entrepreneurs, four-track studios, vinyl records, wild-eyed DJs, indie labels, soul men, and rockabilly rebels . . . in Randy McNutt's Home of the Hits.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729368
__label__wiki	0.797323	0.797323	Get CityMaps2Go Europe, France, Paris The Musée d'Art et d'Histoire du Judaïsme is a French museum of Jewish art and history located in the Hôtel de Saint-Aignan at 71, rue du Temple in the Marais district in Paris. The museum is open daily except Saturday (Shabbat). An admission fee is charged. The nearest métro station is Rambuteau. The museum dates from 1986 when the then-Mayor of Paris, Jacques Chirac, made the Hôtel de Saint-Aignan (1650) available for a museum of Jewish civilization. Its interior was converted starting in 1993, with the initial collection formed in 1998 by combining the Strauss-Rothschild gift built up by Isaac Strauss and given by Baroness Nathaniel de Rothschild in 1890 to the Musée de Cluny, with the holdings assembled since 1948 by the Musée d'Art Juif. This collection has been enhanced by acquisitions and donations of art, and historical and ethnological objects. The museum reflects the history of Jewish communities in France, Europe, and North Africa, from the Middle Ages to the present. It contains archives of the Dreyfus affair, 20th-century art (Chagall, Modigliani, Soutine, Michel Kikoine), as well as objets d'art, textiles and manuscripts, and a 182-seat auditorium. The Carnavalet Museum has added to its collection of medieval tombstones. © 2019 Ulmon GmbH. All rights reserved. Terms of Service Privacy Policy Imprint Support	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729369
__label__wiki	0.969477	0.969477	Back You are here: Home Sports Cricket Other Cricket: Feature on Grant Roelofsen Cricket: Feature on Grant Roelofsen Written by JONATHAN COOK King Edward VII School (KES) first XI captain and SA Schools and SA U19 wicketkeeper/batsman Grant Roelofsen is making waves and the SA School Sports mag went to find out the why and what of this impressive young man. KES’s highly regarded High Performance sports manager Mario Olivier, who spent a number of years at Maritzburg College before moving to Houghton, says Roelofsen is one of the special ones. “”He works very, very hard, is a good guy and has a healthy respect for the game and what it takes to be successful.” Ryan Cook, who was Roelofsen’s KES first XI coach before a move to Cape Town says he first met the lad when he was in Grade 10. “He played U16A in the first term and immediately impressed with half-centuries, although it was for his club Mavericks, where he was scoring big in Sunday third league that caught my attention,” says Cook, whose world-renowned former opening batsman father, Jimmy Cook, a top coach, has taken the first XI helm at this great cricket school. Ryan Cook says at the 2012 Oppenheimer Week at Maritzburg College in the Michaelmas holidays Roelofsen opened the batting with Yaseen Valli and the pair were involved in big stands and match-winning performances. “It was here that Grant’s appetite for batting long periods was seen for the first time.” In Grade 11 there was an even bigger sense of purpose, Roelofsen working throughout the winter, especially on his attacking options, and was involved in an intensive conditioning programme with Highveld Lions trainer Jeff Lunsky. This single-minded focus and commitment included a lot of wicketkeeping work. Last year, Roelofsen scored two excellent centuries in the Gauteng trial week and was selected in the strong Gauteng U19A side as wicketkeeper/opening batsman. He also moved clubs to Gunn and Moore Old Edwardians and ended the season with the highest aggregate runs at the club as Old Eds went on to win the league. “It seemed playing with the likes of Neil McKenzie, Stephen Cook and Devon Conway really elevated his game to new heights,” says Cook. Roelofsen maintained his form through the year and at Khaya Majola Coca Cola Week “Grant was impressive from the get-go, ending up the leading run-scorer in the tournament and was selected for South Africa Schools along with KES team-mate Valli. He also represented the SA U17 Invitational team at Cubs Week in Stellenbosch in January this year and looked good.” On his return to school in 2014, it seemed the KES first XI captain’s hunger had grown even further. Roelofsen scored 208 not out before lunch against Parktown and has plundered 1 410 runs for KES so far this year, including six centuries and the double century. “His 126 off 54 balls against Jeppe in a T20 fixture was also a highlight, as all the skills he had worked on during the off-season came to light,” says Cook. Since then, Roelofsen has attended the SA U19 selection camp in Pretoria and was selected for the team to tour England in July. He scored 149 in the first innings of the first Youth Test against England U19 and in the second Test broke the record for the most dismissals by an SA U19 wicketkeeper in an innings, with seven to his name. With Grade 12 exams being his focus, Roelofsen did not play many games leading into the season, although four games at the St David’s Festival, batting low in the order at times, he nailed down 176 runs. So what is it that makes Grant Roelofsen the batsman so special? “He is tall, has an athletic build and takes pride in his conditioning,” says Cook. “I believe Grant has the ability to make the step up to a higher level and succeed quickly. His strong defensive technique and method allows him to bat for long periods, while he has a variety of options against fast and spin bowling, especially off the back foot.” Cook is particularly impressed with Roelofsen’s “unrivalled passion for the game and his long-term improvement and growth mindset”. “To go to the next level he needs opportunities, continued support and backing. He has shown an ability to raise his game, especially under pressure and at a higher level, and has the skill to back it up. He is very humble and down to earth and has a deep intrinsic motivation.” Roelofsen’s desire to make a career in cricket, the supportive family around him, his innate professionalism and work ethic suggest he has got the full package to excel at first-class level sooner rather than later. Over to Roelofsen’s SA U19 coach Lawrence Mahatlane, who took serious notice of this prodigious young talent during the 2013/2014 Gauteng Cricket Board Premier League season before meeting him at the National Camp to choose the side to tour England. “The first challenge I threw at Grant was move him from his preferred batting position at the top of the order to bat in the middle for the SA U19 side,” says Mahatlane. “The way he took on the challenge was very impressive. He was able to adjust to the role, is very strong on the back foot and can bat for a long time. His love of batting and work ethic should see him make it further in the game, while the work he has put into his keeping will also stand him in good stead.” The SA U19 coach says what is important for Roelofsen is to keep working hard, especially on some of his technical ‎challenges, and to keep learning. “He showed this ability on tour and I hope he keeps that hunger for learning.” So what does Grant Roelofsen think about the pressures of being a top-order batter as well as a stopper and poucher? Does he find that having to keep wicket mentally drains him; then he still has to bat? The answer is an unequivocal “No”. “I've grown up with it and enjoy the challenge,” is the long and short of it. “I started as a 10 year old, it adds a whole new dimension to my game and always keeps me in the game,” says the likeable lad who attended Laerskool Helderkruin in his primary school days before going to St Stithians and then KES. Surely the 149 he scored in the first Youth Test against England U19 at Fenners in Cambridge is the highlight of his career? The answer put me on the back foot. “No, the highlight so far was scoring my first school hundred, which got me into the Coke Week team and quick-started my career. My proudest moment, though, was getting a hundred on debut for my country.” SA drew the Test series and unfortunately lost the ODI series but Roelofsen says it was an experience “we can all learn a lot from - and the level that they played at”. Roelofsen says the KES first XI played well in the St Davids T20 festival and the guys are keen for the upcoming season. “This will be my third Oppenheimer Week, it’s enjoyable and we get to play against schools that we don't play against in our general-season fixtures. “My goal at Oppenheimer Week is to get my first hundred at the festival; it’s still a bit of a monkey on my back!” Does he prefer, T20 cricket, 50-over or four-day matches? “I like them all; they test different skills and aspects of the game.” And who has been the biggest influence on his career? “There have been a few people but my dad has always been there for me and helped me see the positive in everything. Dad has encouraged me to succeed since I was young, when he first introduced me to the game, and coached me for hours on end, while Ryan Cook has helped take my game to the next level and provided me with opportunities.” How would Grant describe his temperament? “Calm and mature, I guess.” A glimpse into the Grant Roelofsen character can be drawn from a few more insights: “I love golf and have always admired how people can be so passionate about winning and so focused on the job at hand.” Steve Waugh, extremely tough, who respected the game and opponents, is Roelofsen’s all-time favourite cricketer, while his favourite player to watch when he was a youngster, was Adam Gilchrist. That tells you Roelofsen won’t stand back for any bowler and loves to attack the when well set. “Roelfie”, as his mates call him, has a treasured possession. “It’s a gold chain with a cricket bat and my name on it. I have never taken off since the day I got it.” But his enviable work ethic and love for the game is tested a bit on occasion. His least favourite training drill is “probably rowing, but I do it because it's very beneficial to my keeping”. A sports person he admires the most is Maria Sharapova: “She is exceptionally focused and was determined from a very young age to become the best tennis player in the world.” Grant Roelofsen, wicketkeeper/batsman with a work ethic and ambition to match. More in this category: « Cricket: The SA Schools Top 45 Rankings U15 Cricket: The SA Schools Top 40 Rankings »	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729370
__label__wiki	0.892836	0.892836	Home » Timelines by Topic » Topics » Governance » Campaigns and Elections » 2000 Elections Project: US Electoral Politics Open-Content project managed by Derek, mtuck Page 1 of 2 (153 events) previous \| 1, 2 \| next 1998 and After: Florida Ramps Up Disenfranchisement Strategies for Minority Voters via Error-Riddled ‘Purge Lists’ Part of the ‘voter purge’ lists that illegally disenfranchised thousands of Florida voters. [Source: Salon]Soon after Jeb Bush (R-FL) becomes governor of Florida minority voters are increasingly purged from the Florida voting rolls. In his unsuccessful 1994 run for governor, Bush had won the animus of African-American voters by showing a lack of interest in their concerns; during one debate, when asked what he would do for Florida’s black community, he answered, “Probably nothing.” He avoided such comments in his 1998 campaign, and won the election though he secured only 10 percent of the black vote. In his first year as governor, Bush eliminates many affirmative action programs and replaces them with what he calls the “One Florida Initiative,” which in effect grants state contracts almost exclusively to white male business owners. Black legislators, led by Democratic State Senator Kendrick Meek among others and joined by the NAACP, decide that they will mount a voter registration drive—“We’ll Remember in November”—to defeat Governor Bush and his allies, and to challenge Bush’s brother, Texas Governor George W. Bush, in his drive to the presidency (see 9:54 p.m. December 12, 2000). Veteran civil rights leader Elmore Bryant later says, “We didn’t need George W. doing to the whole nation what Jeb was doing to Florida.” Some Florida NAACP officials have a nickname for the governor: “Jeb Crow.” Black voters begin registering in unprecedented numbers. Removing Black 'Felons' from the Rolls, Keeping Other Blacks Off - Bush and his allies decide to begin focusing on convicted felons (see June 24, 1974), pivoting off of a 1997 discovery that 105 convicted felons had illegally voted in a Miami mayoral election. Under Florida law, convicted felons are ineligible to vote. Seventy-one percent of convicted felons found on county voting rolls are registered Democrats, and the majority of those are black. Bush and the Republican-led Florida legislature pushes through a sweeping voter fraud bill opposed by almost every county elections supervisor in Florida. It mandates the strict enforcement of an obsolete 1868 law that took the vote away from all former prisoners who had not received clemency from the governor’s office no matter what their crimes or their circumstances. Only 14 states do not automatically restore a convicted citizen’s civil rights upon the completion of their prison sentence; Florida is one of those states. Florida’s population is only 15 percent black, but its prison population is 54 percent black—a huge disproportion. Convicted felons who ask for clemency usually are denied such clemency, no matter how much they had managed to clean up their lives—by 2000, less than 0.5 percent of former prisoners have regained their rights to vote. Meek later says that he has helped 175 former felons apply for clemency; only nine, he will say, succeed in regaining their voting rights. 17 percent of Florida’s black voting-age males are disenfranchised as of 2000. Florida leads the nation in its number of disenfranchised voters. Moreover, Florida leads the nation in charging juveniles with felonies, thusly depriving young citizens of their rights to vote even before they are old enough to exercise them. Democratic State Senator Daryl Jones says: “And every year the Florida legislature is trying to make more crimes felonies. Why? So they can eliminate more people from the voter rolls.… It’s been going on in Tallahassee for years.” By April 1998, as Jeb Bush’s campaign for governor is in full swing, the legislature mandated a statewide push to “purge” voter rolls of a wide variety of ineligible voters—those who have moved and registered in a different county or state, those considered mentally unstable, those who are deceased, and most significantly, convicted felons who have not had their rights restored. Voters such as Willie David Whiting, a Tallahassee pastor who has never been convicted of a crime, testified that they were denied their rights to vote because the lists conflated him with felon Willie J. Whiting. The purge list parameters considered him a “derived,” or approximate, match (see November 7, 2000). Whiting had to threaten to bring his lawyer to the precinct before being allowed to vote. “I felt like I was slingshotted back into slavery,” he testified. He tried to understand why he and so many others were denied their right to vote. “Does someone have a formula for stealing this election?” he says he asked himself. Overall, the new purge lists are hugely disproportionate in including black citizens. Hillsborough County’s voting population is 15 percent black, but 54 percent of its purged voters are black. Miami-Dade County’s voting population is 20 percent black, but 66 percent of its purged voters are black. Leon County’s voting population is 29 percent black, but 55 percent of its purged voters are black (see Early Afternoon, November 7, 2000). Privatizing the Purge - The legislature contracts out the task of providing a “purge list” to a Tallahassee firm, Professional Analytical Services and Systems, using state databases. The results are riddled with errors that would cost huge numbers of Florida voters their right to vote. In August 1998. Ethel Baxter, the Director of the Florida Division of Elections, orders county elections supervisors not to release the list to the press in order to keep the list from generating negative publicity. Instead, the state awards a second contract, this time to Boca Raton’s Database Technologies (DBT). (DBT later merges with ChoicePoint, an Atlanta firm.) DBT produces two separate lists, one in 1999 and another in 2000, that included a total of 174,583 alleged felons. Later, a small number of convicts who had been granted clemency are removed from the list. The majority of the people on the lists were black, and presumably Democrats. DBT employees referred to the people on the list as “dirtbags,” among other epithets. When citizens begin learning that they are on the lists, and begin filing complaints, DBT product manager Marlene Thorogood expresses surprise. In an email, she says, “There are just some people that feel when you mess with their ‘right to vote’ your [sic] messing with their life.” By late 1999, it becomes apparent that the DBT lists are as riddled with errors as the first lists. Thousands of Florida citizens who had never been convicted of felonies, and in many cases no crimes at all, are on the lists. Some people’s conviction dates were given as being in the future. Angry complaints by the thousands inundated county elections supervisors, who in turn complain to Tallahassee. Handling the Complaints - The person designated to compile the list is Emmett “Bucky” Mitchell IV, an assistant general counsel to the Florida Division of Elections. Mitchell, who is later promoted to a senior position in the Department of Education a week after the November 2000 elections, claims he tries to “err on the side of caution” in listing voters to be purged. But testimony and statements from county supervisors, state officials, DBT employees, and others paint a different picture. When warned in March 1999 of the likelihood of tens of thousands of “false positives”—names that should not be on the list but are because of similarities in names, birth dates, Social Security numbers, and the like—Mitchell tells Thorogood that the primary purpose of the lists is to include as many people as possible, false positives or not. It is the job of the county supervisors, he says, to weed out the legitimate voters from the lists. When told by DBT personnel that loose parameters for the names were causing an inordinate number of false positives, Mitchell, as directed by senior government officials, actually loosens the parameters instead of tightening them, ensuring tens of thousands more names on the list, and resultingly more false positives. DBT also includes names of convicted felons from other states in making up its lists, though 36 states automatically restore their prisoners’ rights upon completion of sentences. Thusly, over 2,000 residents of other states who had served their sentences, had their rights restored, and moved to Florida now find their voting rights illegally stripped by the purge list. In May 2000, some 8,000 names, mostly those of former Texas prisoners included on a DBT list, are found to have never committed anything more than a misdemeanor. Their names are eventually removed from the lists. (Subsequent investigations find that at least one of the Texas lists came from a company headed by a heavy Republican and Bush campaign donor.) Mitchell later admits that other such lists, equally erroneous, are incorporated into the purge lists, and those names are not removed. Before the 2000 elections, an appeals process is instituted, but it is tortuously slow and inefficient. Civil Rights Commission attorney Bernard Quarterman says in February 2001 that the people who filed appeals are, in essence, “guilty until proven innocent.” In its contract, DBT promises to check every name on the list before including it by both mail and telephone verifications, but it does not, and later contracts omit that procedure. Asked by Nation reporter John Lantigua about concerns with the lists, Mitchell dismisses them, saying: “Just as some people might have been removed from the list who shouldn’t have been, some voted who shouldn’t have.” Lantigua writes: “In other words, because an ineligible person may have voted somewhere else, it was acceptable to deny a legitimate voter the right to vote.” Mitchell verifies that he himself did not set the loose parameters for the lists, but that they came from Baxter in consultation with Florida Secretary of State Katherine Harris (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000 and After). County Supervisors Battle the Lists - Some county elections supervisors work diligently to comb through their lists and restore legitimate citizens’ voting rights. Leon County Elections Supervisor Ion Sancho testifies after the elections, “Our experience with the lists is that they are frequently erroneous.” He tells the Civil Rights Commission that he received one list with 690 names on it; after detailed checking by himself and his staff, 657 of those names were removed. Mitchell actually tells elections supervisors not to bother with such checks. Linda Howell, the elections supervisor for Madison County, later says: “Mr. Mitchell said we shouldn’t call people on the phone, we should send letters. The best and fastest way to check these matters was by phone, personal contact, but he didn’t want that.… We shouldn’t have had to do any of this. Elections supervisors are not investigators, and we don’t have investigators. It wasn’t our responsibility at all.” The process for unfairly purged voters to clear their names is slow and inefficient, and the backlog of voters waiting to have their names cleared by the Office of Executive Clemency was anywhere from six months to a year in duration. [Tapper, 3/2001; Nation, 4/24/2001] Subsequent Investigation - A later investigation by the progressive news magazine The Nation will document widespread voter disenfranchisement efforts in Florida (see April 24, 2001). Entity Tags: Emmett (“Bucky”) Mitchell, Willie D. Whiting, Elmore Bryant, Daryl Jones, County of Miami-Dade (Florida), County of Hillsborough (Florida), US Commission on Civil Rights, Bernard Quarterman, ChoicePoint, Professional Analytical Services and Systems, Kendrick Meek, Marlene Thorogood, John Ellis (“Jeb”) Bush, Ion Sancho, George W. Bush, Florida Division of Elections, Ethel Baxter, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, Database Technologies, Katherine Harris, John Lantigua Category Tags: Legal action, Voter registration issues, Florida 1999 and After: Florida Disenfranchises Voters via Obsolete, Error-Prone Voting Machines Florida, already using controversial and error-ridden “purge lists” to remove tens of thousands of minority voters from the voting rolls (see 1998 and After), uses voting machines and voting procedures to disenfranchise eligible voters. The Florida elections system is grossly underfunded, resulting in the use of obsolete and error-prone machines (disproportionately used in counties with large minority populations), and elections officials lacking fundamental training and even information about their jobs. During most of 2000, county supervisors warn Tallahassee that Florida could expect an unprecedented number of voters on November 7, especially among the black voting community. But Secretary of State Katherine Harris (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000 and After) and Division of Elections chief Clay Roberts, by their own subsequent testimony, fail to address the problem. Roberts tells Leon County Elections Supervisor Ion Sancho, “It’s not that bad.” Thusly on November 7, 2000, many polling places experience massive difficulties. An investigation by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) turns up thousands of voters who are turned away for a number of reasons, including but not limited to being on the purge lists. Some voters who registered are not listed on the voting rolls—many of whom were registered through NAACP efforts to register voters via the “motor voter” procedures (see May 20, 1993). County supervisors calling Tallahassee with questions and problems routinely find themselves unable to get through. Many precincts lack access to central voter rolls to verify questionable registrations. Some voters who are in line to vote at the 7:00 p.m. closing time are told to leave, even though the law mandates that any voter standing in line to vote can vote even if closing time occurs. Florida law also allows voters whose status is questionable to complete affidavit votes that will be counted later after their eligibility is confirmed, but many election workers know nothing of these procedures, and thusly many voters who are eligible to vote via affidavit are not given that opportunity. Many disabled voters find no procedures in place to allow them access to voting machines. Many precincts lack procedures to assist Spanish-speaking voters, including failing to provide bilingual ballots or bilingual poll workers. (The Voting Rights Act of 1965—see August 6, 1965—mandates that such provisions be made at every polling place without exception.) The Puerto Rican Legal Defense and Education Fund later concludes that several thousand Hispanic voters are disenfranchised because of these failures. Black voters in Leon County complain that the Florida Highway Patrol set up a roadblock that denied them access to their polling place (see 11:30 a.m. November 7, 2000); Highway Patrol authorities later admit the existence of the roadblock, but say that it was a routine vehicle inspection checkpoint. Punch Card Voting - Florida generally uses two voting systems—the more sophisticated computer “optiscan” system, which features ballots where choices are made by “bubbling in” an oval with a pencil and then feeding into a scanner, and the obsolete “punch card” system, which uses “punch cards” where choices are made by a voter “punching” a hole in a card with a stylus and then feeding the card into a scanner. Counties with large African-American populations are disproportionate in having to use the obsolete punch card machines. In four of these counties—Miami-Dade, Broward, Palm Beach, and Duval—over 100,000 votes are discarded due to problems with punching the holes correctly (see November 9, 2000). This total is more than half the discards in the entire state. Of the 19 precincts in the state with the highest rate of discard, 18 are majority-black. Seventy percent of black Floridian voters are forced to use the punch card machines, a percentage far higher than that of other ethnic groups. The NAACP later sues to force Florida to discard punch card machines entirely. The Florida government’s response to the punch-card disenfranchisement can perhaps be best summed up by a statement made by Republican House Speaker Tom Feeney, who responds to a question about the infamous “butterfly ballot” in Palm Beach County (see November 9, 2000) by saying: “Voter confusion is not a reason for whining or crying or having a revote. It may be a reason to require literacy tests.” Literacy tests, a legacy of the Jim Crow era of massive voter discrimination, are unconstitutional (see 1896 and June 8, 1959). [Tapper, 3/2001; Nation, 4/24/2001] Entity Tags: County of Palm Beach (Florida), County of Madison (Florida), County of Leon (Florida), County of Duval (Florida), County of Broward (Florida), Clay Roberts, County of Miami-Dade (Florida), Florida Highway Patrol, Ion Sancho, Puerto Rican Legal Defense and Education Fund, Tom Feeney, Linda Howell, Katherine Harris, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Category Tags: Diebold, Electronic voting, Florida Legislation intervention, Legal action, Optically scanned votes, Political strategies, Punch-card voting machines, Resource allocation, Florida January 2000 - 2002: Palin Wins Second Term as Wasilla Mayor, Begins Preparing for Larger Political Career Sarah Palin, after a tumultuous first term as mayor of Wasilla (see Late 1996 - 1999), easily beats her opponent, former mayor John C. Stein, 909-292. (The election was actually held on October 5, 1999, but Palin does not officially begin her second term until early in 2000.) One of her second-term campaign promises is to cut spending by cutting her own salary; she indeed cuts her salary from $68,000 to $64,000, but adds a new employee, city administrator John Cramer, to the payroll, dramatically increasing expenditures. Cramer has close ties to powerful Republican lawmaker Lyda Green, and Green endorsed Palin for the mayorality, though she will withdraw that support when Palin later runs for governor. Ironically, Cramer works to ease tensions in Wasilla during Palin’s second and final term. Palin’s deputy mayor Dave Chappel will later say: “When I first met Sarah, I would say Sarah was a Republican, with the big R, and that’s it. As she developed politically, she began to see beyond the R and look at the whole picture. She matured.” Palin also hires a lobbyist to represent Wasilla in the nation’s capital (see 2000). She fires Cramer as one of her final acts as mayor in 2002. When her stepmother-in-law, Faye Palin, declares her candidacy to succeed her daughter-in-law, Palin, citing Faye Palin’s support for abortion rights and her status as unaffiliated (i.e. not a Republican), refuses to support her, instead throwing her support to council ally and religious conservative Dianne Keller. [City of Wasilla, 10/5/1999; Anchorage Daily News, 10/23/2006; New York Times, 9/2/2008; Seattle Times, 9/7/2008] A former city council member will later recall the 2002 Keller-Palin election as contentious, largely because of the controversy over abortion; “People were writing BABYKILLER on Faye’s campaign signs just a few days before the election,” the council member will recall. [Time, 9/2/2008] Leaves Wasilla with Increased Taxation, Large Debt - During her two terms, Palin increases general government expenditures by over a third, increases the operating budget by over a third after adjusting for inflation, increases the tax burden on Wasilla residents and businesses by 25 percent after adjusting for inflation, reduces property taxes in favor of a regressive sales tax, and while inheriting a budget with zero debt, leaves Wasilla with an indebtness of over $23 million. Keller, who will continue as mayor through 2008, will say that much of the debt and tax increases are due to Wasilla’s growth during Palin’s tenure. [St. Petersburg Times, 8/31/2008] On to Governorship - Palin will lose her first attempt at gaining statewide office, coming in second in the 2002 Republican primary for lieutenant governor. She will not succeed in persuading Governor Frank Murkowski (R-AK) to appoint her to complete his term in the US Senate, a seat which will go to Murkowski’s daughter Lisa (R-AK) instead. In 2003, Governor Murkowski will appoint Palin to the Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission. She will leave the commission in 2004 over claims that it is behaving unethically, and will defeat Murkowski in 2006, becoming governor of Alaska. [Anchorage Daily News, 9/2/2008] Entity Tags: Steve Ellis, Sarah Palin, Lisa Murkowski, John Cramer, Lyda Green, Frank Murkowski, Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission, Dave Chappel, Dianne Keller, John C. Stein, Faye Palin March 2000 and After: Unidentified Pro-Bush Ads Cause Stir, Call Campaign Finance Law into Question Sam Wyly. [Source: Forbes]A group called “Republicans for Clean Air” begins running ads attacking Republican presidential candidate John McCain in New York. The ads accuse McCain of voting against alternative energy sources. At the same time, ads paid for by the campaign of Republican presidential candidate George W. Bush accuse McCain of labeling breast cancer programs as wasteful. Governor George Pataki (R-NY) accuses McCain of voting “anti-New York” in the Senate, while Representative John Sweeney (R-NY) says McCain was wrong to vote for raising heating oil taxes, a major issue in cold-weather states such as New York. [Salon, 3/2/2000] The group also runs ads in primary states claiming that Bush, as Texas governor, passed laws intended to reduce air pollution in Texas by over a quarter-million tons a year. The evidence does not support the claim; what few anti-pollution laws have taken effect in Texas were written mostly by Democratic state legislators and signed into law, often reluctantly, by Bush. RFCA Consists of Two Texas Billionaires - An investigation by the New York Times soon proves that “Republicans for Clean Air” (RFCA) is funded by Dallas billionaire Sam Wyly, a Bush supporter, who has contributed $2.5 million to the group. Wyly and his brother Charles Wyly, also a RFCA contributor, are the co-founders of Sterling Software in Dallas. They are also owners, founders, or executives in firms that own Bonanza Steakhouse, the “Michael’s” chain of arts and craft stores, the hedge fund Maverick Capital, and more. Both are heavy Bush campaign donors, having donated over $210,000 to the Bush gubernatorial campaigns. They are apparently the only two members of the RFCA. Craig McDonald of Texans for Public Justice says of Sam Wyly: “He’s one of the elite. He’s one of the movers and shakers. He’s very big money in the state.” McCain’s campaign accuses the Bush campaign of being responsible for the advertising, and says the Bush campaign is trying to evade campaign finance laws (see February 7, 1972 and May 11, 1992). The McCain campaign complains that the Bush campaign is using unethical and possibly illegal campaign tactics to “steal” the primary election by saturating New York, California, and Ohio with anti-McCain ads just days before the primary elections in those critical states. “There is no question in our campaign’s mind that the ads are being sponsored, coordinated, and managed by the George Bush for President campaign,” says McCain’s campaign manager Rick Davis. “I think it’s incumbent on the Bush campaign to prove somehow that they are not involved in this incredible act.” Davis has no direct evidence for his claim, but cites what the Times calls “a tangle of personal, business, and political relationships between Mr. Wyly and his family and the Bush campaign to suggest that their interests were so close as to be indistinguishable.” One of those relationships cited by Davis is the fact that RFCA uses the same public relations firm, Multi Media Services Corporation, as Pataki, who chairs the Bush campaign in New York and who appears in Bush campaign ads. Bush himself denies any connection with RFCA, and says: “There is no coordination.… I had no idea the ad was going to run.” Wyly also disclaims any coordination with the Bush campaign. He says he laughed during the production of the commercials, and mused over how “surprised” the Bush campaign would be to see them on the airwaves. McCain uses the ads to draw attention to one of his favorite campaign themes, campaign finance reform. On a recent morning talk show, McCain said: “I think maybe the Bush campaign is out of money and somebody’s putting in $2 million to try to hijack the campaign here in New York. Nobody knows where it came from. [When McCain filmed the interview, Wyly’s identity had not been revealed.] We’ll probably find out, but probably too late. This is why campaign finance reform is so important.” [New York Times, 3/3/2000; New York Times, 3/4/2000; New York Times, 3/5/2000; San Jose Mercury News, 3/6/2000; Scott E. Thomas and Danny Lee McDonald, 4/2002; New York Times, 8/23/2010] The press soon learns that Charles Wyly is an official member of the Bush presidential campaign, as a “Pioneer” donor, and has contributed the maximum amount under the law. [New York Times, 3/4/2000] It also learns that RFCA’s stated address is a post office box in Virginia belonging to Lydia Meuret, a consultant who runs a political action committee headed by Representative Henry Bonilla (R-TX), a Bush ally. Meuret denies any connection between RFCA and Bonilla or Bonilla’s PAC, but admits she is a consultant to both. [New York Times, 3/3/2000] '527' Group Operates in Campaign Finance Law 'Gray Areas' - RFCA is a “527” group (see 2000 - 2005); such groups operate in a “gray area” of campaign law, as the monies they use are not contributed directly to a candidate or a political party. However, they are banned from coordinating their efforts with candidate campaigns. Their ads must not make direct appeals to voters in support of, or opposition to, a particular candidate. If they comply with this portion of the law, the donors behind the ads, and the amounts they contribute, do not have to be identified. The law does not even require the groups to declare their existence, as was the case for a time with RFCA. The Times reports, “While some of the groups behind issue advertising are vague about their membership, Mr. Wyly’s effort was a rare instance in which commercials were aired without any hint of their origin.” Fred Wertheimer of Democracy 21, a group advocating campaign finance reform, says of so-called “issue” ads such as these: “The secrecy aspects of this are taking campaign finance problems to yet another new and dangerous level. What we’re seeing here is the use of unlimited, undisclosed money to influence a federal election, and that’s totally at odds with the whole notion of campaign finance disclosure.” [New York Times, 3/3/2000; San Jose Mercury News, 3/6/2000; New York Times, 3/29/2000; New York Times, 8/23/2010] Progressive columnist Molly Ivins calls the RFCA ads examples of “sham issue” advertisements. [San Jose Mercury News, 3/6/2000] Bush Claims RFCA Ads Not Helpful - After Bush secures the nomination over McCain, he tells a reporter, “I don’t think these [Republicans for Clean Air] ads are particularly helpful to me.” But Slate reporter Chris Suellentrop writes: “Of course they were helpful. Otherwise Bush would have called the group and told them to call off the dogs.” [Slate, 8/25/2000] Wyly Brothers Will Fund 2004 'Swift Boat' Campaign, Later Charged with Securities Fraud, Insider Trading - A month after the ads air, Sam Wyly says he will no longer involve himself in politics. Wyly, who says he is a staunch environmentalist, says he admires Bush’s Democratic challenger, Vice President Al Gore (whom Wyly has called a regulation-happy environmentalist, and whom Wyly has considered attacking with television ads). Of his foray into the presidential campaign, Wyly says: “I learned from it. Many of you are aware of my recent foray into presidential politics. It is to be my last.” In 2004, the Wyly brothers will be two of the primary donors behind the “Swift Boat” campaign that will slander and impugn the character and military service of presidential candidate John Kerry (D-MA). In 2010, the Wyly brothers will be charged with securities fraud and insider trading that netted them at least $581 million in illegal gains, according to the Securities and Exchange Commission. [New York Times, 4/5/2000; New York Times, 8/23/2010] Entity Tags: George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, Charles Wyly, Sam Wyly, George E. Pataki, Fred Wertheimer, George W. Bush, Chris Suellentrop, Rick Davis, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., New York Times, John McCain, John Kerry, John E. Sweeney, John McCain presidential campaign 2000, Henry Bonilla, Lydia Meuret, Molly Ivins, Republicans for Clean Air Category Tags: Political strategies, Other March 6, 2000: New York Times Decries Recent ‘Issue Ads’ by Group Sympathetic to Bush Campaign, Says Ads Are Symptomatic of Dysfunctional Campaign Finance Laws The New York Times publishes an unsigned editorial criticizing the recent use of campaign ads by the George W. Bush presidential campaign against Bush’s Republican rival, John McCain. “[T]he tactics being employed by supporters of George W. Bush against Senator John McCain should be of serious concern to every New Yorker in regard to the integrity of politics in this state and in regard to the nation’s inadequate campaign-finance laws,” the editorial states. It refers to a recent spate of “purportedly independent television ads” aired in New York and elsewhere by a group called “Republicans for Clean Air” (see March 2000 and After). Those ads were paid for by Texas billionaire Sam Wyly, a close political friend and donor of the Bush family. The Times does not believe the Bush campaign’s contention that the airing, and the timing, of the Wyly ads was nothing more than “a happy accident,” and calls for an investigation by the Federal Election Commission (FEC). Moreover, the ad campaign “points up a fundamental flaw in the nation’s election laws,” the Times says. The 1996 presidential campaign was marred by questionable expenditures by groups on behalf of both the Democratic and Republican campaigns. While the Clinton and Dole campaigns both disavowed any knowledge of or coordination with those groups, and the ads left out what the Times calls “the magic words ‘vote for‘… any reasonable viewer” would discern that the ads were promoting the sponsoring group’s candidate. The Times calls the practice a “subterfuge” that threatens “the integrity of future elections.” It concludes, quoting McCain: “[A]llowing wealthy individuals to flood the airwaves with ads promoting their chosen candidates in the final days of a campaign ‘distorts the process’ and gives a small class of wealthy Americans a financial license to sway close elections without being accountable to the public.… [I]n the long run, the country needs full public financing. [New York Times, 3/6/2000] Entity Tags: John McCain presidential campaign 2000, George W. Bush, George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, John McCain, Sam Wyly, New York Times, Republicans for Clean Air March 7, 2000: McCain Campaign Files Complaints over Bush Campaign Ads, Says Ads Violate Campaign Finance Law The presidential campaign of Senator John McCain (R-AZ) files a formal complaint with the Federal Election Commission (FEC) alleging improper campaign contributions by two of the biggest financial backers of McCain’s rival presidential primary contender, Governor George W. Bush (R-TX). The backers, Texas billionaires Charles and Sam Wyly, spent $2.5 million on television ads airing in New York, Ohio, and California created by a group called “Republicans for Clean Air” (RFCA—see March 2000 and After). McCain’s campaign alleges that the Bush campaign illegally coordinated its efforts with RFCA to air the ads in the days before critical primary elections. Bush has denied any knowledge of the ads, and has said his campaign had no contact with the group. McCain’s complaint notes that Charles Wyly has already contributed the maximum amount allowed by law and holds an official position in the Bush campaign. McCain says at a campaign rally in California, “We ask Governor Bush to do what he refused to do, tell his sleazy Texas buddies to stop these negative ads and take their money back to Texas where it belongs, and don’t try to corrupt American politics with your money.” The McCain campaign also files an emergency complaint with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), which McCain oversees as chair of the Senate Commerce Committee, asserting that the advertisements violate the Communications Act by failing to properly identify the true sponsor. The FCC declines to intervene. Bush campaign spokesperson Karen Hughes says McCain’s complaints are “irresponsible” and “shameful. He should be ashamed. He has not one shred of evidence. The governor has personally said our campaign did not coordinate, our campaign knew nothing about the ad until a member of the media asked us about the ad, and Senator McCain should be ashamed of tossing around scurrilous accusations like that.” [New York Times, 3/7/2000] The FEC will vote not to investigate the complaint. [Scott E. Thomas and Danny Lee McDonald, 4/2002] Entity Tags: John McCain presidential campaign 2000, Federal Election Commission, Federal Communications Commission, Charles Wyly, George W. Bush, John McCain, Republicans for Clean Air, George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, Karen Hughes, Sam Wyly September 2000: Elections Supervisor Accepts ‘Butterfly Ballot’ Design for Palm Beach County Theresa LePore, displaying signs of stress over the controversy that will ensue concerning her ‘butterfly ballot.’ [Source: BBC]Theresa LePore, the supervisor of elections for Palm Beach County, decides to use an unusual design for the upcoming election ballots. Because of a recent amendment to the Florida Constitution that makes it far easier for third-party and independent candidates to appear on the ballot for president, LePore has 10 presidential and vice-presidential candidates to fit on the ballot. She consulted with elections board employee Tony Enos; the two decided that a one-page ballot would have to use a typeface so small that many voters with vision problems would be unable to read the names. Instead, LePore chooses a two-page, or “facing page,” ballot design. She wants all 10 presidential candidates on the same page, so she goes with a design that has groups of candidates on either page and punchable holes in the center, in a vertical row: the voter will punch out the hole designated for his or her candidate. The design lists Republican candidates George W. Bush and Dick Cheney first on the left-hand page, with the punch hole designated for them also first; Reform Party candidates Pat Buchanan and Ezola Foster are first on the right-hand page, with their designated punch hole second; Democratic candidates Al Gore and Joseph Lieberman are second on the left-hand page, with their designated punch hole third. To many voters, the second punch hole designated for Buchanan and Foster will appear to be the hole designated for Gore and Lieberman (see November 9, 2000). [Tapper, 3/2001] Entity Tags: Joseph Lieberman, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., George W. Bush, Patrick Buchanan, Theresa LePore, Ezola Foster, Richard (“Dick”) Cheney, Tony Enos Category Tags: Punch-card voting machines, Key Events, Florida October-November 2000: Bush’s Cousin Hired to Anchor Fox News Election Night Coverage John Prescott Ellis. [Source: Bush-Clinton Fraud (.com)]Fox News chairman Roger Ailes (see October 7, 1996), a Republican campaign consultant (see 1968, January 25, 1988, and September 21 - October 4, 1988), chooses an unlikely reporter to anchor Fox’s election night coverage: John Prescott Ellis, a freelance Republican political adviser and the first cousin of George W. Bush (R-TX), the Republican presidential candidate. (Ellis is the son of George Herbert Walker Bush’s sister, Nancy Ellis.) Ellis was originally hired to cover the party primaries. A later study of voting patterns by the University of California will determine that in areas where voters have access to Fox News, the network’s relentless pro-Bush coverage shifts some 200,000 votes from Democrat Al Gore (D-TN) to Bush, but Ailes wants to make sure his network’s coverage is favorable to Bush, and has always had Ellis in mind for the election night anchor position, for which he specifically gives Ellis a 30-day contract. Ellis is very close to Bush’s brother Jeb Bush (R-FL), the sitting governor of Florida (“Jeb” is an acronym for his full name, John Ellis Bush). Ellis recused himself from campaign coverage in a June 1999 Boston Globe column, defending George W. Bush from allegations of cocaine use, calling the Clinton-Gore administration “morally berserk,” and telling his readers, “There is no way for you to know if I am telling you the truth about George W. Bush’s presidential campaign, because in his case, my loyalty goes to him and not to you.” Instead of this posing an ethical dilemma or being seen as a conflict of interest at Fox, Ellis is Ailes’s first and only choice to anchor the network’s election coverage. (Ailes will later tell a February 2001 House committee hearing, “We at Fox News do not discriminate against people because of their family connections”—see February 14, 2001.) [Washington Post, 11/14/2000; Salon, 11/15/2000; Observer, 11/19/2000; Associated Press, 12/11/2000; Buffalo Beat, 12/14/2000; Nation, 11/6/2006; New York Magazine, 5/22/2011] Ellis will pre-emptively call the election for Bush, sparking the Florida recount controversy and helping propel his cousin into the White House (see November 7-8, 2000). In a response to testimony in the same February 2001 House committee hearing, Joan Konner, a journalism professor who will lead a CNN-commissioned independent study of the problems in that network’s election night coverage, will call Ellis’s hiring a substantial breach of journalistic ethics and standards. “If John Ellis had, indeed, made comments stating that his loyalties to the Bush family superceded any commitment he has to his profession or his employer, then I would judge that to be not only a perceived conflict-of-interest but a real conflict-of-interest for a journalist,” she will write in a letter to Representative John Dingell (D-MI). “While that does not disqualify an individual from any position as a journalist, it would, in my judgement, disqualify that person for any decision-making role involving reporting on his relatives during an election. Often friends and relatives are hired by journalism organizations because of their connections to the newsmakers. Their access to sources makes them valuable to the organization. However, the news organization should take every precaution against placing such an individual in an assignment that could result in bias in reporting.” [House of Representatives, Committee on Energy and Commerce, 2/14/2001] Entity Tags: John Ellis (“Jeb”) Bush, Fox News, Boston Globe, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., George W. Bush, John Dingell, Roger Ailes, Nancy Ellis, Joan Konner, John Prescott Ellis Category Tags: Irregularities, Recounts, Key Events, Media Coverage, Florida November 1, 2000 and After: Bush Campaign Preparing to Defy Electoral College if Gore Wins Electoral Tally, Loses Popular Vote The Bush/Cheney campaign logo. [Source: P. Freah]The presidential campaign of George W. Bush (R-TX), fearing that Vice President Al Gore (D-TN) might win the election in the US Electoral College while Bush ekes out a lead in the collective popular vote, devises a strategy to challenge Gore’s legitimacy as the elected president. Bush campaign advisors believe that Green Party candidate Ralph Nader might take millions of votes from Gore nationwide, but not enough in key states to cost Gore a state’s electoral votes. Gore could, theoretically, win 270 or more electoral votes without amassing a majority in the popular vote. In such a case, both the Constitution and historical precedent is clear: Gore wins without argument. “You play by the rules in force at the time,” a Gore aide tells a reporter. “If the nation were really outraged by the possibility, then the system would have been changed long ago. The history is clear.” In 1876, New York Governor Samuel Tilden won the popular vote but lost the presidency to Rutherford B. Hayes, who won a majority of Electoral College votes. In 1888, Grover Cleveland won the popular vote, but lost the presidency to Benjamin Harrison in the Electoral College tally. In 1976, slight differences in the vote tallies in Ohio and Mississippi would have given President Gerald Ford enough electoral votes to beat challenger Jimmy Carter. A Bush aide tells his fellows, “The one thing we don’t do is roll over—we fight.” The New York Daily News will later report: “[T]the core of the emerging Bush strategy assumes a popular uprising, stoked by the Bushies themselves, of course. In league with the campaign—which is preparing talking points about the Electoral College’s essential unfairness—a massive talk radio operation would be encouraged.” The Bush strategy is to launch a massive, orchestrated assault via conservative talk radio, Fox News, and other conservative media outlets to portray the Electoral College as unfair and non-binding. A Bush aide tells a reporter: “We’d have ads, too, and I think you can count on the media to fuel the thing big-time. Even papers that supported Gore might turn against him because the will of the people will have been thwarted.” The Daily News writes that the strategy goes further than a media blitz: “Local business leaders will be urged to lobby their customers, the clergy will be asked to speak up for the popular will, and Team Bush will enlist as many Democrats as possible to scream as loud as they can.” A Bush advisor speculates on the creation of a “grassroots” organization, perhaps to be called “Democrats for Democracy,” that would advocate for the ignoring of the Electoral College in favor of calling for installation of Bush via the popular vote—a process that is entirely outside the Constitution. The Bush strategy would also pressure some of the 538 individual electors. Although it is customary for each elector to vote for the candidate that his or her state selected, legally they are not bound to do so, and can change their votes, although this has happened only rarely in US history and never impacted an election. According to a Boston Globe report, the Bush strategy would “challenge the legitimacy of a Gore win, casting it as an affront to the people’s will and branding the Electoral College as an antiquated relic.… One informal Bush advisor, who declined to be named, predicted Republicans would likely benefit from a storm of public outrage if Bush won the popular vote but was denied the presidency.” The advisor tells the Globe reporter: “That’s what America is all about, isn’t it. I’m sure we would make a strong case.” The Daily News calls the Bush strategy a preparation for electoral “insurrection.” [New York Daily News, 11/1/2000; Consortium News, 11/10/2000] Entity Tags: George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, George W. Bush, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr. Category Tags: Political strategies, Key Events November 7, 2000: Two Heavily Democratic Precincts in Florida County Fail to Register Votes for President in Large Numbers Hundreds of thousands of voters in Miami-Dade County go to the polls to cast their votes for president. Two of its precincts, 255 and 535, are over 88 percent Democrat and over 90 percent African-American. The 20 punch-card machines designated for the two precincts were tested beforehand and certified as working properly, but in the hours before the polls open, a worker at Precinct 255 does a test and finds that seven of the 10 machines do not accept punch-card votes for president. Precinct clerk Donna Rogers will later claim that no one tells her of the problems with the machines, but by the end of the day, 113 of the 868 ballots cast do not register a vote for president. Of the votes that do register in the precinct, over 99 percent of them go to Democrat Al Gore. At Precinct 535, six of the 10 machines fail to register votes for president during test runs. Of the 820 ballots cast in this precinct, 105 do not register a vote for president. Gore wins over 98 percent of this precinct’s votes. The 13 percent “discarded ballot,” or “undervote,” rate for these two precincts is by far the largest in Miami-Dade. [Tapper, 3/2001] A later attempt to hand-count the ballots in question is forcibly prevented by an orchestrated “riot” by conservative activists and political aides at the Miami-Dade elections office (see 9:00 a.m. and after, November 22, 2000). Entity Tags: Donna Rogers, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., County of Miami-Dade (Florida) Category Tags: Irregularities, Long lines, Resource allocation, Voter intimidation and harassment, Voter registration issues, Florida November 7, 2000: Florida Denies Thousands of African-Americans Their Vote Thousands of African-American voters in Florida are illegally denied their right to vote, as is proven in many instances by subsequent investigations. Adora Obi Nweze, the president of the Florida State Conference of the NAACP, is told by election officials she cannot vote because she has already cast an absentee ballot, even though she has cast no such ballot. Cathy Jackson, a Broward County voter since 1996, was told falsely that she was not on the rolls and could not vote; she sees a white woman cast an “affidavit ballot” and asks if she can do the same, but is denied. Donnise DeSouza of Miami is told, falsely, that she is not on the voting rolls and is moved to the “problem line”; when the polls close, she is sent home without voting. Another voter, Lavonna Lewis, is in line to vote when the polls close. Though the law says that voters already in line can vote even after the polls close, she is sent home. She will later say she saw election officials allow a white male voter to get in line after the polls had closed. US Representative Fights to Cast Vote - US Representative Corrine Brown (D-FL) is followed into her poll by a television crew. Officials there tell her that her ballot has been sent to Washington and therefore she cannot vote in Florida. Brown spends two and a half hours in the polling place before finally being allowed to vote. Brown later notes that she helped register thousands of African-American college students in the months prior to the election. “We put them on buses,” she will recall, “took them down to the supervisor’s office. Had them register. When it came time to vote, they were not on the rolls!” Many African-American voters like Wallace McDonald of Hillsborough County are denied their vote because they are told, falsely, that they are convicted felons whose right to vote has been stripped. The NAACP offices are inundated with telephone calls all day from voters complaining that their right to vote is being denied. 'Painful, Dehumanizing, Demoralizing' - Donna Brazile, campaign manager for the Gore campaign whose sister was illegally asked for three forms of identification in Seminole County before being allowed to vote, later says: “What happened that day—I can’t even put it in words anymore. It was the most painful, dehumanizing, demoralizing thing I’ve ever experienced in my years of organizing.” Hearings in early 2001 held by the US Commission on Civil Rights will record more than 30 hours of testimony from over 100 witnesses as to a wide array of racially based disenfranchisement. The commission will find that the election probably violated the Voting Rights Act of 1965, but Attorney General John Ashcroft will ignore the report. Gadsden County - One exemplar of systematic disenfranchisement is seen in Gadsden County, one of Florida’s poorest counties, with 57 percent of its voters African-American. Its elections are supervised by white conservative Denny Hutchinson. Hutchinson refuses to take action to increase registration, put in more polling places, and other actions designed to increase voter turnout. Gadsden County Commissioner Ed Dixon later recalls: “He never advocated for any increased precincts, even though some of our people had to drive 30 miles to get to a poll. In the only county that’s a majority African-American, you want a decreased turnout.” After the votes have been tallied, Hutchinson’s deputy, African-American Shirley Green Knight, notices that over 2,000 ballots (out of 14,727 cast) are not included in the registered count. The reason? Gadsden uses a so-called “optiscan” balloting device, which allows voters to “bubble in” ovals with a pencil; these “bubbles” are scanned and the votes they indicate are tallied. Optiscan ballots are prone to register “overvotes,” essentially when the ballot indicates votes for two separate candidates in the same race. Overvotes are not machine-tallied. The machines have a sorting switch that when set to “on” causes the machine to record overvotes or “undervotes” (no vote recorded) in a separate category for later review and possible inclusion. Knight will learn that Hutchinson had insisted the machines’ switches be set to “off,” which rejects the overvotes without counting them at all. “I have no idea why he would do that,” Knight later says. When she learns of the problem, she asks Hutchinson to run the ballots through again with the sorting switch on, but he refuses. He is later overruled by the Gadsden canvassing board. When the ballots are run through a second time, the results are startlingly different. Gadsden uses a variant of the so-called “caterpillar ballot,” which lists candidates’ names in two columns. George W. Bush, Al Gore, and six other presidential candidates are listed in one column. The second column lists two more candidates, Monica Moorehead and Howard Phillips, and a blank for a “Write-In Candidate.” Hundreds of voters apparently believe that the second column is for an entirely different race, and vote not only for Bush or Gore, but for Moorehead or Phillips. And some voters vote for Gore and, to ensure clarity, write “Gore” in the write-in box. (Some, thoroughly confused by directions telling them to “Vote for ONE” and “Vote for Group,” bubble in all 10 presidential candidates and write “Gore” in the box.) None of these votes are originally counted. More sophisticated optiscan machines would refuse to accept the ballot, prompting the voter to correct the error. But Gadsden uses a cheaper machine that allows the error to go through unbeknownst to the voter. When Gadsden performs its machine recount, Gore will receive 153 additional votes from the erroneous optiscan. These will be included in the state’s final tally. However, over 2,000 of the “overvote” ballots will not be counted. Two-thirds of those ballots have Gore as their selection. Duval County - Similar problems plague voters in Duval County. Duval, a large Democratic stronghold because of its inclusion of Jacksonville, is 29 percent African-American. Twenty-one thousand votes are thrown out as “overvotes.” Part of the problem is a sample-ballot insert placed in the newspaper by elections supervisor John Stafford, giving erroneous instructions as to how to complete the Duval ballot; any voter who follows these instructions does not have their votes tallied, though corrected instructions are posted in some Duval precincts. In the critical 72-hour period after the votes are complete, Gore campaign staffer Mike Langton will spend hours with Stafford, a white Republican, attempting to address the situation. Stafford lies to Langton and tells him Duval has “only a few” overvotes. It is not until after the deadline to ask for a machine recount has passed that Langton learns of the 21,000 uncounted votes. Nearly half of these are from four heavily African-American precincts that usually vote 90 percent Democratic. In theory, nearly 10,000 votes for Gore from Duval County will go untallied. 'Felons' and 'Purge Lists' - Florida law disenfranchises citizens convicted of many felonies (see June 24, 1974). In this election, thousands of Florida voters, mostly African-American males, lose their vote when they appear at their precinct and are told they cannot vote because they are felons, even though they are not. One is Willie Steen, a military veteran who loses his vote in Hillsborough County. “The poll worker looked at the computer and said that there was something about me being a felon,” Steen later recalls. “I’ve never been arrested before in my life,” he recalls telling the poll worker. The worker refuses to listen, and orders Steen to leave the line. Steen later learns that the felony he supposedly committed was done between 1991 and 1993, when he was stationed in the Persian Gulf. Tampa youth leader Willie Dixon and Tallahasse pastor Willie Whiting are also denied their votes through improper classification as felons, as do thousands of other voters. Investigative journalist Greg Palast later learns that the felon-disenfranchisement is widespread and systematic. He will publish a story exposing the scheme during the Florida recounts—in a London newspaper. No US newspaper will consider it. Palast later says: “Stories of black people losing rights is passe, it’s not discussed, no one cares. A black person accused of being a felon is always guilty.” Palast and other investigators learn that Republican legislators have in recent years upgraded a number of selected crimes from misdemeanors to felonies, apparently in order to “purge” the voting rolls of African-Americans. State Senator Frederica Wilson is one of many who believe the new classifications are “aimed at African-American people.” Black lawmakers have been unsuccessful in attempting to repeal the felon-disenfranchisement laws. After a 1997 election, where some 105 felons were found to have voted and analysis showed that 71 percent of Florida felons were registered Democrats, the Florida state government allocated $4 million to “purge” felons off the voting rolls. The government turned the task over to a private firm, Database Technologies (DBT) of Boca Raton (which later merged with the firm ChoicePoint). When the first purge lists from DBT began appearing in 1998, county elections officials were worried. Ion Sancho, the elections supervisor for Leon County, will recall: “We were sent this purge list in August of 1998. We started sending letters and contacting voters, [saying] that we had evidence that they were potential felons and that they contact us or they were going to be removed from the rolls. Boy, did that cause a firestorm.” One of the “felons” was Sancho’s close friend Rick Johnson, a civil rights attorney. “Very few felons are members of the Florida bar,” Sancho will note. In early 2000, Sancho asked Emmett “Bucky” Mitchell, a lawyer for the Florida Division of Elections, why so many “false positives”—innocent people—were on DBT’s list. Mitchell told Sancho that the problem was DBT’s, not Florida’s, and the firm had been told to handle the problem. Instead, according to ChoicePoint marketing official James Lee, Florida relaxed the criteria for its purge list, and tens of thousands of voters who had names roughly similar to those of actual felons were added to the list. Why? Lee will say, “Because after the first year they weren’t getting enough names.” Willie D. Whiting, a law-abiding pastor, is denied the vote because Willie J. Whiting is a felon. Willie Steen is denied his vote because Willie O’Steen is a convicted felon. Mitchell told a DBT project manager that it was up to elections officials like Sancho to find and correct the misidentifications. The lists even include actual felons whose right to vote had been restored by previous Florida administrations during amnesty programs. The initial database for the purge lists is comprised of people arrested for felonies, not convicted—thusly many citizens never convicted of a crime are now on the purge list. Others are incorrectly listed as felons when they were convicted of misdemeanors. A May 2000 “corrected” list stunned county elections officials. Linda Howell, election supervisor of Madison County, found her own name on the list. Monroe County supervisor Harry Sawyer found his father on the list, along with one of his employees and the husband of another. None of those people were felons. Some counties, such as Broward, Duval, Madison, and Palm Beach chose not to use the lists at all; Sancho meticulously checked his list of 697 names and ended up retaining only 33. Most supervisors use the lists without question. A thousand Bay County voters are denied their vote; 7,000 Miami-Dade voters lose theirs. It is unknown how many of these are actual felons and how many are law-abiding, legitimate voters. A 2001 class-action lawsuit brought by the NAACP and African-American voters will charge DBT and Florida Secretary of State Katherine Harris with deliberately attempting to disenfranchise black voters. It will be settled out of court, with Florida agreeing to provisions that nominally settle the problem (see Late August 2002), but a 2004 article by Vanity Fair will note that by 2004, Florida’s government has implemented none of the corrective procedures mandated by the settlement. Subsequent investigations will show that the “felons” on the various purge lists are disproportionately Democratic voters and disproportionately African-American. [Tapper, 3/2001; Vanity Fair, 10/2004] 2001 Investigation Proves Widespread Disenfranchisement - A 2001 investigation by the progressive newsmagazine The Nation will show a widespread and systematic program of voter disenfranchisement in effect in Florida during the 2000 elections (see April 24, 2001). Entity Tags: Monica Moorehead, Mike Langton, Linda Howell, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, Lavonna Lewis, Rick Johnson, Wallace McDonald, US Commission on Civil Rights, Willie Steen, Shirley Green Knight, Willie Dixon, Katherine Harris, Willie D. Whiting, John Stafford, Howard Phillips, James Lee, Donna Brazile, Denny Hutchinson, Donnise DeSouza, Database Technologies, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., Cathy Jackson, John Ashcroft, ChoicePoint, Ed Dixon, Florida Division of Elections, Ion Sancho, Adora Obi Nweze, Emmett (“Bucky”) Mitchell, Harry Sawyer, George W. Bush, Frederica Wilson, Greg Palast, Corrine Brown Category Tags: Irregularities, Optically scanned votes, Political strategies, Punch-card voting machines, Resource allocation, Voter intimidation and harassment, Voter registration issues, Key Events, Florida November 7, 2000: 93 Percent of Florida’s African-American Voters Cast Votes for Gore; Many Not Counted Ninety-three percent of Florida’s African-American voters cast their votes for Al Gore, the Democratic nominee for president. This is in spite of a number of Gore campaign decisions to keep Gore from appearing with black leaders, and with blacks in campaign photographs, in order to keep him from appearing “too liberal.” (Gore also heeded the advice of his campaign managers and refused to attend the National Baptist Convention for fear of alienating white suburban voters.) Regardless, black voters turn out in record numbers throughout Florida’s primarily African-American counties, such as Leon, Miami-Dade, Duval, and Gadsden. Author Jake Tapper will later write that the votes are as much against George W. Bush, the Republican candidate, and Bush’s brother, Florida Governor Jeb Bush, as they are for Gore. (Many state NAACP officials call Jeb Bush “Jeb Crow.”) However, many of these African-American votes will not be counted (see November 7, 2000), and many eligible black voters are not allowed to cast their votes (see November 7, 2000 and April 24, 2001). [Tapper, 3/2001] Entity Tags: Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., George W. Bush, John Ellis (“Jeb”) Bush, Jake Tapper Category Tags: Irregularities, Long lines, Resource allocation, Voter intimidation and harassment, Voter registration issues, Key Events, Florida November 7-8, 2000: Fox News Election Anchor and Bush Cousin Pre-Emptively Calls Election for Bush, Influencing Future Coverage Fox News chief Roger Ailes has hired John Prescott Ellis, a freelance Republican political advisor and an intensely loyal cousin of presidential candidate George W. Bush (R-TX), to head the network’s election-night coverage for the 2000 presidential election (see October-November 2000). During the election, Ellis is in constant contact with Bush and his senior campaign aides, speaking with Bush himself five separate times during the evening. Calling Florida for Gore - At 7:52 p.m., Bush’s brother Jeb Bush (R-FL), the sitting governor of Florida, calls Ellis to protest when Fox “mistakenly” projects Florida as going to Al Gore (D-TN). Ellis tells Jeb Bush that he is looking at a computer “screenful of Gore.” Bush reminds Ellis, “But the polls haven’t closed in the panhandle.” Ellis replies, “It’s not going to help.” Voter News Service (VNS), the voting consortium the networks all use, rates the race a 99.5 percent certainty that Gore has won Florida, a conclusion that VNS and network officials alike later say was a mistake (see February 14, 2001). The prediction is indeed inaccurate; within minutes, Gore’s lead begins to shrink again. At 9:38 p.m., VNS issues a correction of an inaccurate vote count for Duval County, stripping Gore of a number of phantom votes, and the race is again far too close to call. Calling Florida for Bush - At 2:10 a.m., Ellis sees data from VNS that shows Bush with a 51,433-vote lead, and 179,713 votes left to be counted. (The latter figure is grossly inaccurate, later data proves; over 350,000 votes actually remain to be counted.) Gore would need 63 percent of those votes to win, a scenario that is statistically unlikely. Ellis calls Jeb Bush to say that it is “statistically impossible” for Bush to lose. Around 2:15 a.m., Ellis puts the telephone down and excitedly announces to his team: “Jebbie says we got it! Jebbie says we got it!” Even though Florida is still rated “too close to call” by VNS, Fox News vice president John Moody gives the go-ahead to project Bush the winner in Florida. Fox News anchor Brit Hume makes the call for Bush at 2:16 a.m. The other networks hurriedly, and inaccurately, follow suit. [Washington Post, 11/14/2000; Observer, 11/19/2000; Associated Press, 12/11/2000; Buffalo Beat, 12/14/2000; American Journalism Review, 1/2001; Nation, 11/6/2006; New York Magazine, 5/22/2011] Hume himself is a bit apprehensive of the call. “I must tell you, everybody, after all this, all night long, we put Bush at 271, Gore at 243,” he tells Fox viewers. “I feel a little bit apprehensive about the whole thing. I have no reason to doubt our decision desk, but there it is.” [Time, 11/15/2000] Other Networks Follow Suit - As Hume is announcing Bush’s “victory” in Florida, NBC News election coverage chief Sheldon Gawiser is on the telephone with Murray Edelman, the editorial director for VNS. Gawiser is considering calling Florida for Bush, and wants to discuss calling the race for Bush while citing Edelman and VNS as the sources responsible for such a call. Edelman is shocked that Gawiser wants to make any call with Bush’s lead not only very small, but dwindling. But as the two are talking, Fox’s announcement comes over NBC’s monitors, and Gawiser breaks off the call, saying: “Sorry, gotta go. Fox just called it.” At 2:17 a.m., NBC projects Bush the winner in Florida and the next president of the United States. The joint decision team for CBS and CNN, Warren Mitofsky and Joe Lenski, make the same decision a minute later. After CBS declares Bush’s victory, anchor Dan Rather tells viewers: “Let’s give a tip of the Stetson to the loser, Vice President Al Gore, and at the same time, a big tip and a hip, hip, hurrah and a great big Texas howdy to the new president of the United States. Sip it, savor it, cup it, photostat it, underline it in red, press it in a book, put it in an album, hang it on the wall—George W. Bush is the next president of the United States.” The ABC decision team resists making the call, not trusting the data (it had similar reservations about the earlier call for Gore), but according to ABC election consultant John Blydenburgh, a network executive overrides the decision team and has ABC declare Bush the projected winner at 2:20 a.m. Blydenburgh says the executive does not want ABC to look “foolish” by being the only network not to recognize Bush as the next president. The Associated Press (AP) refuses to make the call, saying that its figures show Bush with only a 30,000-vote lead, and that steadily dwindling (by 2:30 a.m., Bush’s lead, by the AP’s count, is below 19,000 votes; a glitch in the Volusia County numbers that comes in minutes after the call for Bush slashes Bush’s lead considerably, validating the AP’s reluctance to make the call). But the television broadcasts drive the story. Network pundits immediately begin dissecting Bush’s “victory” and speculating as to why Gore “lost.” [American Journalism Review, 1/2001; Nation, 11/6/2006] Shortly after 3 a.m., CBS’s Ed Bradley begins informing viewers that the AP numbers show Bush with a lead of only 6,000 votes. Rather tells the viewers that if the AP is correct, the previous call for Bush may be premature. “Let’s not joke about it folks,” he says. “You have known all night long and we’ve said to you all night long that these estimates of who wins and who loses are based on the best available information we have. CBS News has the best track record in the business, over a half century plus, for accuracy on election night. But nobody’s perfect.” However, few listen to either CBS’s caveats or the AP’s refusal to call the election. [American Journalism Review, 1/2001] By 4:52 a.m., Bush’s lead has dwindled to 1,888 votes. Fox Leads the Narrative for Bush - Gore initially concedes the race, but when the networks begin retracting their declaration and return Florida to the “too close to call” status, he retracts his concession. In their last conversation of the evening, Bush tells Ellis that Gore has taken back his concession, and says: “I hope you’re taking all this down, Ellis. This is good stuff for a book.” The morning headlines in most daily papers declare Bush the winner; much of the news coverage slams Gore as indulging in “sour grapes” for not conceding the election. Rather later says: “We’ll never know whether Bush won the election in Florida or not. But when you reach these kinds of situations, the ability to control the narrative becomes critical. Led by Fox, the narrative began to be that Bush had won the election.” In 2011, Rolling Stone reporter Tim Dickinson will write, “A ‘news’ network controlled by a GOP operative who had spent decades shaping just such political narratives—including those that helped elect the candidate’s father—declared George W. Bush the victor based on the analysis of a man who had proclaimed himself loyal to Bush over the facts.” After the election, House Representative Henry Waxman (D-CA) says: “Of everything that happened on election night, this was the most important in impact. It immeasurably helped George Bush maintain the idea in people’s minds that he was the man who won the election.” [Observer, 11/19/2000; Associated Press, 12/11/2000; Buffalo Beat, 12/14/2000; New York Magazine, 5/22/2011] Ellis later writes that Bush did not try to influence his coverage. “Governor Bush was, as always, considerate of my position,” Ellis will write. “He knew that I would be fried if I gave him anything that VNS deemed confidential, so he never asked for it. He made a point of getting the early exit poll data from other sources before talking to me.” [Associated Press, 12/11/2000] Criticism of Fox, Ellis - Tom Rosenstiel, director of the Project for Excellence in Journalism, later says of Ellis and Fox while the election is still in dispute: “The notion you’d have the cousin of one presidential candidate in a position to call a state, and the election, is unthinkable. Fox’s call—wrong, unnecessary, misguided, foolish—helped create a sense that the election went to Bush, was pulled back, and it’s just a matter of time before his president-elect title is restored. But that said, John Ellis is a good man, a good journalist whose judgment was overcome by excitement. He put himself in an impossible situation, but the mistake was not so much his as Rupert Murdoch’s for putting him in that position.… Everybody knows it’s a partisan channel, but its marketing slogan, ‘We report; you decide,’ is now totally obliterated by the fact that one candidate’s first cousin is actually deciding, and then they report.” (Rosenstiel is apparently unaware that Murdoch, who owns Fox News’s parent company News Corporation, did not make the call to hire Ellis.) Rosenstiel’s colleague Carl Gottlieb is less restrained, saying: “It’s beyond belief. The network should not have allowed Ellis to report on this election. As a viewer, after reading this story and reading about Ellis’s involvement in calling the race, you can’t help but get the idea that this guy’s complicit in what’s going on now down in Florida.” Murdoch will later claim that Fox News displayed “no partisanship” in its election-night coverage. Ellis will later tell a reporter: “It was just the three of us guys handing the phone back and forth—me with the numbers, one of them a governor, the other president-elect. Now that was cool. And everybody followed us.” [Observer, 11/19/2000; Nation, 11/6/2006] Ellis will also later deny telling his team that “Jebbie” gave him the go-ahead to call the election for Bush, instead saying he made the call based on his own calculations. Statistician Cynthia Talkov, the only member of Fox’s election team who actually understands the VNS statistical models, later says she never saw Ellis making any such calculations, and will say Ellis did not ask her for her opinion for his call, though every other projection that evening was made with her explicit approval. Talkov is one of the people who will confirm that Ellis received the go-ahead to call the election from Jeb Bush. A post-election analysis prepared by outside reviewers for CNN later issues sharp criticisms of the networks, noting, “On Election Day 2000, television news organizations staged a collective drag race on the crowded highway of democracy, recklessly endangering the electoral process, the political life of the country, and their own credibility.” Mitofsky, who invested election polls and developed the election night projection system the networks use, later calls Ellis’s actions “the most unprofessional election night work I could ever imagine. He had no business talking to the Bush brothers or to any other politician about what he was doing.” On the other hand, Ailes will characterize Ellis’s actions as those of “a good journalist talking to his very high-level sources on election night.” [Nation, 11/6/2006] Fox 'Investigation' Comes Up Empty - Fox News will announce an “investigation” of any conflicts of interest or unprofessional behavior concerning Ellis’s role in declaring Bush the winner, but nothing will come of any such investigation. The “investigation” will find that Ellis gave no VNS information to either George W. Bush, Jeb Bush, or any Bush campaign official, though Ellis himself will freely admit to a New Yorker reporter that he shared VNS data with both Bushes repeatedly during the evening. Such sharing of data would constitute a violation of journalistic ethics as well as possible criminal behavior. [Observer, 11/19/2000; Nation, 11/6/2006] Ailes had specifically warned his team not to share VNS information with anyone from the campaigns. [Salon, 11/15/2000] Before the investigation is even launched, Moody will say: “Appearance of impropriety? I don’t think there’s anything improper about it as long as he doesn’t behave improperly, and I have no evidence he did.… John has always conducted himself in an extremely professional manner.” [Washington Post, 11/14/2000] Entity Tags: Voter News Service, Warren Mitofsky, Tom Rosenstiel, Sheldon Gawiser, Tim Dickinson, Roger Ailes, CNN, ABC News, CBS News, Brit Hume, Boston Globe, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., Associated Press, News Corporation, Rupert Murdoch, Murray Edelman, Fox News, Ed Bradley, Dan Rather, Cynthia Talkov, Carl Gottlieb, George W. Bush, NBC News, Henry A. Waxman, John Prescott Ellis, John Moody, John Ellis (“Jeb”) Bush, Joe Lenski, John Blydenburgh Category Tags: Exit polls, Political strategies, Recounts, Key Events, Media Coverage, Florida 7:00 a.m. November 7, 2000 and After: Palm Beach County Voters Complain of Confusing Ballots A portion of the so-called ‘butterfly ballot’ used in the Palm Beach County elections. [Source: L. David Roper]In Palm Beach County, Florida, voters begin complaining of problems with the “butterfly ballot” almost as soon as the polls open. Many believe that the ballot’s confusing design is redirecting voters who want to vote for Democrat Al Gore to vote instead for Reform Party candidate Patrick Buchanan (see September 2000). Alerting the Gore Campaign of Problems - Lawyer Liz Hyman, volunteering to work the election in Palm Beach for the Gore campaign, later recalls that starting at 7:00 a.m., voters approach her complaining about the ballot, some theorizing that someone or some group of people conspired to redirect Gore’s votes to Buchanan. Around 8:00 a.m., Hyman calls her father, Washington, DC, attorney Lester Hyman. “You’re not going to believe what’s going on down here,” she tells him, and advises him to alert someone at the national Gore campaign headquarters. Soon, Joe Sandler, the general counsel of the Democratic National Committee (DNC), contacts Liz Hyman in Palm Beach. During the same time period, a number of elderly, angry voters drive to election supervisor Theresa LePore’s office and demand an explanation for the ballot confusion, but LePore refuses to take their complaints seriously. Complaints, Attempts to Clarify Voting Procedures - Poll clerk Ethel Brownstein, after seeing voters having difficulty casting their votes for Gore, begins telling voters at her precinct: “Please be careful. The first hole is [Republican George W.] Bush, the second is Buchanan, and the third is Gore.” The complaints keep coming in, with many voters worried that they have voted for Buchanan instead of their intended vote for Gore. Many voters punch the second hole, then reconsidering, punch the third hole also, inadvertently causing an “overvote” that will be discarded. Some voters even write “Gore” or draw arrows to indicate their selection. By 11:24 a.m., LePore receives a faxed letter from Bobby Brochin, the DNC’s counsel in Florida. Brochin, who is still unsure of the exact nature of the problem with the ballots, writes: “Apparently certain presidential ballots being utilized in several precincts in Palm Beach County are quite confusing. They contain two pages listing all of the presidential candidates, which may cause electors to vote twice in the presidential race. You should immediately instruct all deputy supervisors and other officials at these precincts that they should advise all electors (and post a written advisory) that the ballot for the presidential race is two pages long, and that electors should vote for only one presidential candidate.” LePore does not respond to Brochin’s fax. By noon, WPEC-TV is reporting on the “butterfly ballot” confusion, and, in author Jake Tapper’s words, “doing a hell of a lot better than the Democrats are” in explaining the issue. Gore campaign workers begin visiting precincts to explain to Gore voters how to properly cast their votes on the ballot. By the afternoon, early results show some dismaying returns. 'I Think I Voted for a Nazi' - Precinct 162-G, almost entirely composed of the Jewish retirement community Lakes of Delray, is showing a surprisingly large number of votes for Buchanan, a Holocaust denier who is roundly despised among most Jewish voters. Brochin resends his fax to LePore at 2:57 p.m., noting that he failed to get a response the first time. Gore campaign workers in the county re-record their TeleQuest phone-bank message with instructions on how to cast votes for Gore, and instructing voters who believe they may have miscast their votes to return to their polling places and make a complaint. Talk show host Randi Rhodes, an outspoken liberal who lives in the county, tells listeners on her afternoon radio show: “I got scared I voted for Pat Buchanan. I almost said, ‘I think I voted for a Nazi.’ When you vote for something as important as leader of the free world, I think there should be spaces between the names. We have a lot of people with my problem, who are going to vote today and didn’t bring their little magnifiers from the Walgreens. They’re not going to be able to decide that there’s Al Gore on this side and Pat Buchanan on the other side.… I had to check three times to make sure I didn’t vote for a fascist.” Late Afternoon Advisory - This afternoon, Harold Blue, a World War II veteran who like his wife is legally blind, realizes after he cast his vote that a poll worker improperly instructed he and his wife to vote for Buchanan and not Gore. When Democratic officials like State Representative Lois Frankel, State Senator Ron Klein, and US Representative Robert Wexler visit the Palm Beach elections offices to find out what is going on, LePore begins to believe that there may be a serious problem with the “butterfly ballots.” She reluctantly agrees to write an advisory for the various precincts, but says she lacks the staff to distribute it; if the Democrats want it posted, they will have to deliver the advisory themselves. LePore’s advisory reads, “ATTENTION ALL POLL WORKERS PLEASE REMIND ALL VOTERS COMING IN THAT THEY ARE TO VOTE FOR ONLY ONE (1) PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE AND THEY ARE TO PUNCH THE HOLE NEXT TO THE ARROW NEXT TO THE NUMBER NEXT TO THE CANDIDATE THAT THEY WISH TO VOTE FOR.” Judge Charles Burton, a Republican member of the canvassing board, says he cannot understand the confusion, that the ballot clearly indicates by an arrow which hole is designated for Gore. Democratic board member Carol Roberts counters by warning Burton and LePore that some people are beginning to say the ballot may be illegal, and advises LePore to contact her own attorney. Burton says the ballot is clearly legal according to his interpretation of Florida election statutes, and that the law Democrats are citing—101.153(3)(a)—applies only to paper ballots, not punch-card ballots. 'File an Affidavit' - At 5:30 p.m., Democratic vice presidential contender Joseph Lieberman calls Rhodes in a prearranged “get out the vote” interview. The discussion quickly turns to the Palm Beach ballot confusion, and Rhodes urges Lieberman to consider “filing an affidavit,” presumably to contest the Palm Beach results. Florida lawyer Mitchell Berger is preparing to do just that, telling Brochin and other Democratic lawyers to prepare for court battles. [Tapper, 3/2001] Entity Tags: Mitchell Berger, Randi Rhodes, Ron Klein, Lois Frankel, Robert Wexler, WPEC-TV, Theresa LePore, Lester Hyman, Patrick Buchanan, Liz Hyman, County of Palm Beach (Florida), Carol Roberts, Joseph Lieberman, Democratic National Committee, Ethel Brownstein, George W. Bush, Joseph Sandler, Jake Tapper, Harold Blue, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., Bobby Brochin Category Tags: Irregularities, Punch-card voting machines, Florida 11:30 a.m. November 7, 2000: African-American Voters in Florida County Blocked from Reaching Polling Places by Police Roadblocks Florida NAACP official Anita Davis begins receiving phone calls from African-American voters in Leon County, which includes the heavily African-American areas in and around Tallahassee, complaining about Highway Patrol roadblocks that are interfering with their attempts to get to their polling places. Davis calls the Highway Patrol office and is told the roadblocks are just routine traffic stops, asking motorists to show their license and insurance identification. However, given Florida’s often-ugly history of racial oppression, Davis wonders about the timing and nature of the roadblocks. “It’s odd for them to be out there on Election Day,” Davis says. “It just doesn’t smell right.” Davis and fellow NAACP officials soon conclude that the Highway Patrol is attempting to interfere with black citizens’ attempts to vote. [Tapper, 3/2001] Entity Tags: Anita Davis, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, Florida Highway Patrol, County of Leon (Florida) Category Tags: Voter intimidation and harassment, Florida Early Afternoon, November 7, 2000: Florida NAACP Official Receives Reports that African-American Registered Voters Not on Voting Rolls Florida NAACP official Anita Davis, already troubled by reports of Highway Patrol roadblocks interfering with black citizens’ attempts to vote in Leon County (see 11:30 a.m. November 7, 2000), receives a telephone call from her grandson Jamarr Lyles, a college student at Florida A&M in Tallahassee, the county seat. Lyles had joined in the NAACP’s effort to register new African-American voters, and like Davis is thrilled at the reports of huge turnouts among black Floridian voters, but tells his grandmother that he is receiving dozens of reports from his friends that they were not allowed to vote: that their names were not on the voting rolls, though they had registered to vote. [Tapper, 3/2001] Entity Tags: County of Leon (Florida), Anita Davis, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, Florida Highway Patrol, Jamarr Lyles Category Tags: Voter registration issues, Florida 7:50 p.m., November 7, 2000: AP, Networks Project Gore Winner of Florida, Making Him Projected Winner of Presidential Election Based on Voter News Service (VNS) projections from exit polling, the Associated Press projects Vice President Al Gore, the Democratic presidential candidate, as the winner of the Florida elections over Governor George W. Bush (R-TX). Gore’s victory, if confirmed, would give him the electoral votes he needs to win the US presidency. The major television networks—ABC News, CBS News, Fox News, and NBC News—call Florida for Gore between 7:50 and 8:00 p.m. [Leip, 2008] In light of the predictions of a Gore victory, Bush decides to abandon his plans to watch the rest of the returns from a suite in the Austin, Texas, Four Seasons Hotel, and instead returns to the relative privacy of the governor’s mansion in Austin. [Tapper, 3/2001] Florida polling places in the Central Time Zone do not close until 8:00 p.m., so the networks’ projection that Florida is going to Gore comes out 10 minutes before those polling places—all in Florida’s “Panhandle” region, a Republican stronghold—close. Bush campaign officials will later allege that the networks called Florida for Gore an hour before the polls closed, potentially discouraging some Bush voters from casting their votes. The liberal news Web site Consortium News will later observe: “Though the networks certainly could have and obviously should have waited, it is unclear that any Bush voter decided not to go to the polls because of a projection that occurred only minutes before the polls closed. It’s unlikely that more than a few late-arriving voters were even aware of Gore’s projected victory.” [Consortium News, 11/22/2000] Many Florida lawmakers and officials are shocked by the pronouncement. Senator Bob Graham (D-FL) will later recall feeling that the networks are “stretching it” to make such a prediction. Broward County elections supervisor Jane Carroll will say acidly, “That’s very kind of [the networks] to just give this away.” Broward has yet to tally a single vote. Broward canvassing board chairman Judge Robert Lee is incredulous at the announcement, and like Graham and others, is disturbed that the networks would call the election before the polls are closed. As the evening goes on and the returns begin to come in, Lee wonders, “Why are they calling Florida for Gore when it’s so close?” Bush campaign strategist Karl Rove goes on the air to argue that Florida is still in play, and to complain about the networks’ choice to project Florida for Gore before the Panhandle counties have concluded their polling. The VNS voting predictions are later shown to be badly flawed, with a number of erroneous estimates, a drastic overestimation of African-American (Democratic) votes in Miami-Dade and a corresponding underestimation of Cuban-American (Republican) votes in that county, and poorly managed exit polling. [Tapper, 3/2001] Entity Tags: County of Broward (Florida), Consortium News, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., ABC News, Voter News Service, Robert Lee, Karl C. Rove, CBS News, Fox News, Daniel Robert (“Bob”) Graham, George W. Bush, County of Miami-Dade (Florida), Jane Carroll, NBC News Category Tags: Exit polls, Media Coverage, Florida, Key Events After 7:50 p.m. November 7, 2000: Supreme Court Justice on Projected Gore Victory: ‘This Is Terrible’ Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O’Connor, attending a Washington, DC, party and watching the news networks predict Florida, and thusly the presidency, for Democrat Al Gore, says aloud, “This is terrible.” Her husband explains that she is considering retiring from the Court, but will only do so if George W. Bush, a fellow Republican, is in office to appoint her successor. [Tapper, 3/2001] Entity Tags: Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., Sandra Day O’Connor, George W. Bush Category Tags: Legal action, Key Events, US Supreme Court intervention 9:30 p.m. November 7, 2000: Early Projections of Gore Win in Florida Retracted, State Reverts to ‘Too Close to Call’ Status The Associated Press’s projection that Vice President Al Gore won Florida’s presidential election (see 7:50 p.m., November 7, 2000) collapses in the wake of new poll results. Governor George W. Bush (R-TX), Gore’s opponent, tells reporters: “The networks called this thing awfully early, but the people actually counting the votes are coming up with a different perspective. So we’re pretty darn upbeat about things.” By 10:00 p.m., the major television networks—ABC News, CBS News, Fox News, and NBC News—begin retracting their earlier projection of Gore’s victory and revert Florida to the “too close to call” category. [Leip, 2008] Entity Tags: Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., ABC News, Associated Press, CBS News, Fox News, George W. Bush, NBC News November 8, 2000: Democratic Senator Backs Away from Endorsing Gore Recount Request Senator Robert Torricelli (D-NJ) joins the ranks of Democratic lawmakers unwilling to forcefully support Democratic presidential contender Al Gore’s attempt to force manual recounts in the Florida elections (see Early Morning, November 8, 2000). In an MSNBC interview, Torricelli says: “I consider myself a very loyal Democrat, but like most Americans, that does not begin to compare with my interest in the Constitution, or with an orderly process of government in a very unusual time in American history.… We should all insist in an orderly, fair, and honest counting of the votes. But, I believe collateral issues, or strategies that involve anything outside of those counting as the votes were cast, is not in the national interest.” [National Journal, 11/9/2000] Entity Tags: Robert Torricelli, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr. Category Tags: Political strategies, Florida November 8, 2000: Republicans Tell News Audiences Gore Should End Recount Battle Several Republican spokesmen tell television news audiences that they believe Democratic presidential contender Al Gore should stop fighting for manual recounts in Florida (see Early Morning, November 8, 2000 and After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000). Former Governor John Sununu (R-NH) says: “There is a measure of character on how this is handled.… Everybody running around trying undermine confidence, by making allegations on the random chance that there might be some validity out there is unbelievable.… To be running around the way they are is exactly opposite of the statesmanlike character that Nixon showed in 1960” (see November 10, 2000). Republican political strategist Ed Rollins says, “The bottom line I think that by tomorrow, you are going to have a legitimate vote that gets approved by the board, or we are going to have a long tedious process that is going to damage the political process even more than it is today.” And Governor Frank Keating (R-NE) says: “There should be a recount, and once the count is over, the winner should be declared, and we should move on.… You haul in 50 lawyers per side and in about a year we’ll figure out where we are going. The reality is, the Democrats have played dirty tricks, I’m sure the Republicans, on occasion, have played dirty tricks.… We have to move on and resolve the election so the country can be stable.” [National Journal, 11/9/2000] Entity Tags: Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., John Sununu, Frank Keating, Ed Rollins Category Tags: Political strategies, Media Coverage, Florida November 8-9, 2000: Many Democrats Blame Nader for Costing Gore Critical Votes The logo for the 2000 Green Party presidential ticket, featuring Ralph Nader and Winona LaDuke. [Source: 4President (.org)]Many Democrats blame third-party presidential candidate Ralph Nader for the election confusion in Florida (see Early Morning, November 8, 2000), noting that had he not run, most of those who voted for him would have voted for Democratic presidential contender Al Gore instead and thus given Gore an unquestionable win. Nader ran on the left-wing Green Party ticket, winning 2,883,105 votes nationwide (2.73 percent of the popular vote), and, more importantly, 97,488 votes, or 1.63 percent, of Florida’s electorate. Chicago Sun-Times columnist Richard Roeper writes, “Ralph Nader is a jerk” who seeks media attention like Pat Buchanan and Jesse Jackson, and “he can match them in the ego department as well.” And “isn’t it great for Ralph that instead of walking around as a nostalgic trivia question from the 1970s—the activist equivalent of [television actor] John Ritter—that he was getting so much attention again. Congratulations. Jerk.” A Boston Globe editorial states, “If Ralph Nader had not been in the race, Al Gore would today be preparing to become president.” The vote for Nader in Florida “was the key to George W. Bush’s” small lead there, and without Nader, “Gore would probably have gained enough of these to defeat Bush unless the latter does extraordinarily well in the recount.” Nationally, Gore “could have earned enough of Nader’s 2,655,233” to win Oregon and New Hampshire “and give him a convincing national plurality.” Though Nader’s supporters “raise serious questions” on several issues, “they chose the wrong campaign to make their point.” The Globe concludes that before this election, Nader “had earned an honored place in US history as a pioneer in consumer safety. If Bush prevails in Florida, Nader will become a footnote as the willful eccentric who denied Gore the political prize he deserved.” Senator Joseph Biden (D-DE) says: “Ralph Nader is not going to be welcome anywhere near the corridors. Nader cost us the election.” Kate Michelman of the National Abortion Rights Action League (NARAL) says: “He cost Al Gore the race. Not only by what happened in Florida, but by making these other states a threat to Al Gore. Not to recognize what was at stake—or to dismiss it if he did—was dangerous and represented a type of arrogance. As a result, he lost a lot of credibility.” AFL-CIO president John Sweeney calls Nader’s campaign “reprehensible,” and says: “As a rule, we really reject the role that Nader played in the political process this time around. I don’t know if there’s any room in a national election for president for somebody who is a message candidate.” Enviro Working Group president Ken Cook says: “The public interest community is going to spend tens of millions of dollars a year for the next four years playing defense. I don’t think [Nader is] going to build a Green Party any more than O.J.‘s out there looking for a murderer,” referring to notorious murder suspect O.J. Simpson, who famously claims to be aggressively searching for the person who supposedly killed his wife and her boyfriend. Miramax Studio chairman and Gore supporter Harvey Weinstein says Nader is a “name that will go down in infamy.” According to writer Harold Evans, President Clinton was “very emphatic about the damage Nader had done to Gore” at a post-election gathering. Former Nader supporter Larry Marx says: “Ralph got tunnel vision and lost sight of progressive goals. People remember those kind of things, and there’s a price to be paid.” Polls show that 80 percent of Florida citizens who voted for Nader would have voted for Gore had Nader not been on the ballot, giving Gore a presumed 77,990 extra votes—far more than the number Gore would have needed to take Florida. Fellow third-party candidate Pat Buchanan notes, “Mr. Nader, I believe, can take credit for having sunk… the Gore candidacy.” Nader himself is defiant, noting that Gore failed to win his own home state of Tennessee or Clinton’s home state of Arkansas, and saying: “The Democrats must find their progressive roots or watch the party wither away, or become a crypto-Republican Party, seeking the same money and voters.… I’ve always said that it was Al Gore’s election to lose, that only Al Gore could beat Al Gore. If Democrats are disappointed with the returns, they need to take a long, close look at their party and the empty campaign waged by Al Gore.” [Leip, 2000; National Journal, 11/9/2000] Entity Tags: Harold Evans, William Jefferson (“Bill”) Clinton, Boston Globe, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., Al Gore presidential campaign 2000, Green Party, Ralph Nader, Richard Roeper, Larry Marx, Joseph Biden, John J. Sweeney, Harvey Weinstein, Patrick Buchanan, George W. Bush, Ken Cook, Kate Michelman 2:15 a.m. November 8, 2000: Fox News, Other Networks Project Bush as Winner of Florida, US Presidency A screenshot of CNN’s on-air graphic declaring George W. Bush the winner in Florida. The graphic shows Bush with a 6,060-vote lead. [Source: TV-Ark News (.com)]Republican presidential contender George W. Bush (R-TX) appears to enjoy a late surge in Florida votes, securing what appears to be a slim but decisive lead of some 50,000 votes. Led by Fox News (see October-November 2000 and November 7-8, 2000), the four major television networks—ABC News, CBS News, Fox News, and NBC News—begin declaring Bush the projected winner of Florida and therefore the winner of the US presidential elections. By 2:20 a.m., the last of the networks has projected Bush as the winner. [New York Times, 11/9/2000; Leip, 2008] The Associated Press (AP) refuses to make the call, saying that its figures show Bush with only a 30,000-vote lead, and that steadily dwindling. By 2:30 a.m., Bush’s lead, by the AP’s count, is below 19,000 votes; a glitch in the Volusia County numbers that comes in minutes after the call for Bush slashes Bush’s lead considerably, validating the AP’s reluctance to make the call. But the television broadcasts drive the story. Network pundits immediately begin dissecting Bush’s “victory” and speculating as to why Gore “lost.” [American Journalism Review, 1/2001; Nation, 11/6/2006] After the Fox announcement, Gore campaign manager Donna Brazile sends Gore a text message reading: “Never surrender. It’s not over yet.” But others in the campaign feel the campaign is indeed over. Gore’s brother-in-law Frank Hunger later recalls, “They were just so damn positive,” referring to the networks. “And they were talking about 50,000 votes, and we never dreamed they would be inaccurate.” The Gore campaign’s deputy campaign manager for communications, Mark D. Fabiani, will later recall: “I felt so deflated. It had been an evening where you won and then lost and winning felt a lot better than losing. You had been up and down and swung around and then dumped out on your head.” [New York Times, 11/9/2000] Entity Tags: Mark D. Fabiani, George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, NBC News, George W. Bush, Frank Hunger, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., Fox News, Associated Press, CBS News, County of Volusia (Florida), Donna Brazile, Al Gore presidential campaign 2000, ABC News 2:30 a.m. - 3:15 a.m. November 8, 2000: Gore Briefly Concedes Election Vice President Al Gore, the Democratic presidential candidate, calls Republican contender George W. Bush to concede the US presidential election, based on the news networks’ projection of Bush’s slim “victory” in Florida (see 2:15 a.m. November 8, 2000). According to Bush campaign advisor Karen Hughes, Gore tells Bush, “We gave them a cliffhanger.” Bush responds: “You’re a formidable opponent and a good man. I know it’s hard. I know it’s hard for your family. Give my best to Tipper [Gore’s wife] and your children.” Gore’s motorcade drives to the War Memorial Plaza in Nashville, where Gore plans to address his supporters. But by 3:15 a.m., Gore’s advisors tell him that Bush’s lead in Florida has dropped dramatically, leaving Bush with a lead of only 6,000 votes or less, well within the 0.5 percent margin that will trigger an automatic machine recount. Votes in three Democratic strongholds—Palm Beach, Broward, and Miami-Dade Counties—are still outstanding. And a computer error in Volusia County tallies shows Gore with a total of negative 16,000 votes. The numbers continue to drop; by the time Gore’s motorcade is approaching the Plaza, the tallies show a Bush lead of less than 1,000 votes. Gore returns to his Nashville hotel without addressing his supporters. Speechwriter Eli Attie later recalls, “I stopped him from going out onstage, and said, ‘With 99 percent of the vote counted, you’re only 600 votes behind.’” [National Journal, 11/9/2000; New York Times, 11/9/2000; Tapper, 3/2001; Vanity Fair, 10/2004; Leip, 2008] Minutes later, Gore calls Bush to retract his concession (see 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000). Entity Tags: County of Miami-Dade (Florida), Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., County of Palm Beach (Florida), County of Broward (Florida), Karen Hughes, Eli Attie, George W. Bush Category Tags: Florida, Political strategies 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000: Gore Retracts Concession Vice President Al Gore, the Democratic presidential candidate, calls Republican contender George W. Bush to retract his concession of the presidential election (see 2:30 a.m. - 3:15 a.m. November 8, 2000). “Circumstances have changed dramatically since I first called you,” Gore says. “The state of Florida is too close to call.” Bush says: “Are you saying what I think you’re saying? Let me make sure I understand. You’re calling me back to retract your concession.” Gore responds, “You don’t have to be snippy about it.” Bush informs Gore that his brother, Governor Jeb Bush of Florida, has assured him he has already won Florida (see 2:15 a.m. November 8, 2000 and November 7-8, 2000). Gore replies, “Your younger brother is not the ultimate authority on this.” Instead of giving a concession speech as planned, Gore sends his campaign chairman, former Commerce Secretary William Daley, to speak to the gathering at Nashville’s War Memorial Plaza. “Our campaign continues,” Daley says. New polling data shows that Florida, still projected to go to Bush as the last needed electoral victory, is once again too close to be accurately predicted. Bush calls his cousin John Ellis, who is anchoring Fox News’s election night coverage (see October-November 2000), and says, “Gore unconceded.” Ellis responds, “You’re kidding.” Within the hour, the networks will, for the second time (see 9:30 p.m. November 7, 2000), retract their projection and classify Florida as “too close to call” (see 3:57 a.m. - 4:15 a.m. November 8, 2000). Bush campaign chairman Donald Evans orders aides to be on a 6 a.m. flight to Florida to begin contesting the recounts. Gore aides give similar orders to their personnel. [CNN, 12/13/2000; Tapper, 3/2001; Vanity Fair, 10/2004; Leip, 2008] Entity Tags: John Ellis (“Jeb”) Bush, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., Donald L. Evans, George W. Bush, William Michael (“Bill”) Daley, Fox News, John Prescott Ellis Category Tags: Media Coverage, Florida, Political strategies After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000: Bush Campaign Message: Bush Has Won Florida A ‘New York Post’ headline from the morning of November 8. [Source: Authentic History]After Democrat Al Gore retracts his concession in the Florida presidential elections (see 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000), the presidential campaign of Republican George W. Bush makes a decision to focus on one single message: their candidate has won the election, won the presidency, and anything else is wrong. In 2001, author Jake Tapper will write that in his brief conversation with Gore, “Bush doesn’t let on that he knows Florida is still in play. From this moment on, Bush and his team will propagage a myth, repeating it over and over to the American people: he won, definitively, at the moment his cousin called the election for him on Fox News Channel (see 2:15 a.m. November 8, 2000).… [E]verything that happens from this point on is crazy, illegitimate Gore-propelled nonsense.” [Tapper, 3/2001] Entity Tags: Jake Tapper, George W. Bush, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000 After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000 and After: Bush Campaign Prepares Florida Secretary of State for Election Controversy Katherine Harris. [Source: AP/Pete Cosgrove]Florida Secretary of State Katherine Harris, one of eight co-chairs of the Florida Bush election campaign and the state official ultimately in charge of election procedures, is introduced to the politics of the Florida presidential recount by a ringing telephone. She is awakened at 3:30 a.m. by a call from the Bush campaign chairman Donald Evans, who puts Governor Jeb Bush, George W. Bush’s brother, on the line. Governor Bush asks coldly, “Who is Ed Kast, and why is he giving an interview on national television?” Harris is unsure who Kast is for a moment. Kast is the assistant director of elections, whose division reports to her office. He is on television talking about the fine points of Florida election law (see 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000), when and how manual recounts can be requested, and, most importantly, the driving concept of “voter intent”—if a ballot shows the intent of the voter to cast a vote for a candidate, then that vote will be counted. The governor does not want the media narrative to focus on recounts and voter intent, and has already tasked his general counsel with the job of getting Kast off the air as quickly as possible. (CNN “loses” Kast’s transmission in mid-sentence minutes later.) Democrats have questioned the propriety of having the Florida official with ultimate authority over elections being a state chairman for a presidential campaign before now, and in the coming days, the question will devolve into outright accusations of partisanship and impropriety. Harris has called herself “thrilled and honored” to be part of the Bush campaign, and served as a Bush delegate during the Republican National Convention. During the campaign, she often traveled around Florida representing the ticket. Representative Robert Wexler (D-FL) says of Harris: “She is clearly a partisan Republican—and there’s nothing illegal about that. And I give everyone the benefit of the doubt, expecting them to perform their public functions appropriately. But her actions will speak volumes about whether she is qualified. If she does this fairly, fine. But if she acts as an emissary for Bush to steal this election in Florida, she will delegitimize Florida’s vote count.” Harris gives some initial media interviews on November 8, and according to a 2004 Vanity Fair article, “appear[s] overwhelmed and uninformed.” She does not know what county elections supervisors have been doing, and seems unaware of the chaos surrounding the Palm Beach County “butterfly ballot” (see November 9, 2000) and other ballot disputes. The Bush campaign senses trouble and assigns Harris a “minder,” Florida Republican lobbyist Mac Stipanovich, a former campaign advisor for Jeb Bush and a close Bush ally. Stipanovich, the Vanity Fair article will observe, “appealed to Harris’s grandiosity. (Her emails replying to Bush supporters later revealed that she had begun identifying with Queen Esther, who, in the Old Testament, saved the Jews from genocide. ‘My sister and I prayed for full armour this morning,’ she wrote. ‘Queen Esther has been a wonderful role model.’) He told her that nothing less than the course of history rested on her shoulders. ‘You have to bring this election in for a landing,’ he repeated again and again.” Under Stipanovich’s tutelage, Harris quickly learns to stay on message and repeat the given talking points. Stipanovich, who remains out of sight of the media, will later describe his daily routine with Harris to documentary filmmaker Fred Silverman, saying: “I would arrive in the morning through the garage and come up on the elevators, and come in through the cabinet-office door, which is downstairs, and then in the evening when I left, you know, sometimes it’d be late, depending on what was going on, I would go the same way. I would go down the elevators and out through the garage and be driven—driven to my car from the garage, just because there were a lot of people out front on the main floor, and, at least in this small pond, knowledge of my presence would have been provocative, because I have a political background.” [Salon, 11/13/2000; Vanity Fair, 10/2004] Most importantly to the Bush campaign, Harris is a part of the campaign’s message propagation plan to insist that Bush has indisputably won the Florida election (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000). Entity Tags: George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, Donald L. Evans, CNN, Ed Kast, George W. Bush, Katherine Harris, Vanity Fair, John Ellis (“Jeb”) Bush, Fred Silverman, Mac Stipanovich, Robert Wexler Category Tags: Political strategies, Media Coverage, Florida, Key Events 3:57 a.m. - 4:15 a.m. November 8, 2000: Networks Again Classify Florida as ‘Too Close to Call’ The four news networks, ABC News, CBS News, Fox News, and NBC News, retract their earlier projection that Republican presidential candidate George W. Bush has won Florida and thereby won the US presidency (see 2:15 a.m. November 8, 2000). The state is again rated as “too close to call.” [Leip, 2008] Entity Tags: NBC News, ABC News, CBS News, George W. Bush, Fox News Category Tags: Media Coverage, Florida Early Morning, November 8, 2000: Presidential Election Too Close to Call; Florida Orders Machine Recount The US electoral map as of the morning of November 8. Florida, New Mexico, and Oregon are still rated as ‘too close to call.’ [Source: BBC]America wakes to a presidential election too close to call, though many morning newspapers, basing their headlines on the latest information received before going to press in the early morning hours, have headlines declaring George W. Bush (R-TX) the president-elect (see 2:15 a.m. November 8, 2000). The margin in Florida stands officially at Bush with 2,909,135 votes (48.8 percent) to Democratic contender Al Gore’s 2,907,351 votes (48.8 percent)—a margin of 1,784 votes in Bush’s favor. 136,616 votes, or 2.4 percent, are registered to other candidates. Stories of voting irregularities are surfacing, particularly in Palm Beach County, where thousands of voters complain that their punch card ballots led them to vote for candidates they did not intend to select (see 7:00 a.m. November 7, 2000 and After). Later in the day, the Florida state government orders a full machine recount in compliance with Florida Election Code 102.141 that requires a recount of ballots if the margin of victory is 0.5 percent or less. Florida Governor Jeb Bush, the brother of George W. Bush, recuses himself from the process. [Circuit Court of the 15th Judicial Circuit In and For Palm Beach County, Florida, 11/8/2000 ; Jurist, 2003; Leip, 2008] The press reports that if the recounts do not clearly determine a winner, the US might have to wait “up to eight days longer as absentee ballots mailed from overseas are counted” (see 12:00 a.m., November 17, 2000). Governor Bush joins with Florida Attorney General Robert Butterworth, the Florida chairman for the Gore campaign, in a promise “to deal swiftly with any election irregularities.” Governor Bush says, “Voter fraud in our state is a felony, and guilty parties will be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law.” [National Journal, 11/9/2000] Bush is credited with having won 29 states with 246 electoral votes. Gore has 18 states and the District of Columbia, with a total of 255 electoral votes. Oregon and New Mexico are also rated as “too close to call,” but because of the electoral vote totals, their total of 12 electoral votes are irrelevant. Florida’s 25 votes, however, are necessary for either candidate to win the election. To be declared president, one or the other needs to reach 270 votes. Wisconsin and Iowa are also briefly considered close, though Gore wins both of those states, and eventually Oregon and New Mexico (see November 13 - December 1, 2000), all with razor-thin margins. [Leip, 2000; CNN, 11/13/2000] Entity Tags: Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., John Ellis (“Jeb”) Bush, Robert Butterworth, George W. Bush Category Tags: Recounts, Florida, Key Events Morning, November 8, 2000: Bush Asserts Victory in Florida George W. Bush (R-TX), reiterating the message of his campaign that he has indisputably won the Florida elections (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000), meets with reporters on the patio of the governor’s mansion in Texas, accompanied by his vice-presidential running mate, Dick Cheney. Bush tells reporters: “This morning brings news from Florida that the final vote count there shows that Cheney and I have carried the state of Florida. And if that result is confirmed in an automatic recount, as we expect it will be, we have won the election.” Bush is referring to the machine recounts triggered by the closeness of the election results (see Early Morning, November 8, 2000). Bush tells reporters that the race will “be resolved in a quick way,” a statement contradicted by Florida Secretary of State Katherine Harris, who says the questions surrounding the race “will not be resolved for 10 days.” Harris will soon be brought to heel and make statements as authorized by the Bush campaign (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000 and After). Bush takes a single question, then he and Cheney leave the lectern without speaking further. For his part, Democratic presidential candidate Al Gore urges that the process be carried out “expeditiously but deliberately—without a rush to judgment.” Gore says: “We now need to resolve this election in a way that is fair, forthright, and fully consistent with our Constitution and our laws. What is at issue here is the fundamental fairness of the process as a whole.” Bush campaign aides tell reporters that they are preparing to transition into the White House, with Bush naming Cheney to head the White House transition team and former Ford Motors executive Andrew Card named as White House chief of staff. [ABC News, 11/9/2000; Tapper, 3/2001] Entity Tags: George W. Bush, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., Andrew Card, Katherine Harris, Richard (“Dick”) Cheney, George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000 Morning, November 8, 2000: Liberal Columnist: Gore Should Have ‘Courage to Step Aside’ and Concede Election New York Daily News columnist Mike Barnicle, considered by many to be a liberal, tells MSNBC viewers that Democratic presidential contender Al Gore should concede the election. Barnicle says, referring to Gore’s father, former Democratic Senator Albert Gore Sr.: “This could be Al Gore’s moment. It could be the moment where he finally gets the chance to live up to his great father’s ideals and have the courage to step aside.” [Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting, 11/16/2000; NewsBusters, 2011] Entity Tags: Michael Barnicle, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Sr., Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr. Category Tags: Media Coverage Mid-Morning, November 8, 2000: Gore, Bush Campaigns Send ‘Quick Response’ Teams to Florida to Handle Election Conflict; Serious Problems Reported James Baker and Warren Christopher. [Source: Slate / Metrolic]The Gore campaign sends a quick-response team led by Al Gore’s former chief of staff, lawyer Ron Klain, to Florida to deal with the uncertainty of the Florida presidential race (see Early Morning, November 8, 2000). Almost immediately, Klain and his group are inundated with rumors of voting irregularities—understaffed polling places in Democratic strongholds, Democratic voters sent on “wild goose chases” to find their proper polling places, African-Americans illegally prevented from voting (see November 7, 2000), police roadblocks set up to keep voters from reaching their polls (see 11:30 a.m. November 7, 2000). Klain and his group are unable to ascertain the truth or fiction behind some of the rumors, though they learn about one that is verifiable—the problems surrounding Palm Beach County’s “butterfly ballot” that seem to have cost Gore some 2,600 votes (see November 9, 2000). Klain and the Gore campaign’s Florida head, Nick Baldick, learn that 10,000 votes for both candidates in Palm Beach have been set aside, uncounted, because of their classification as “undervotes”—votes that record no choice for president. Some 4 percent of Palm Beach voters cast their votes for senator but not for president, according to the machine scoring, a conclusion Klain and Baldick find hard to believe. They soon learn that many more “undervotes” were set aside in Miami-Dade County, like Palm Beach a Democratic stronghold. Broward County, which includes the heavily Democratic Fort Lauderdale region, is the source of a number of rumors concerning missing ballot boxes and unbelievable precinct totals. And Volusia County, another expected mine of Gore voters, initially reported a total of negative 16,000 votes for Gore. The automatic recount triggered by Florida law would not address any of these issues; manual recounts and human examination of ballots would be required to sort through the inconsistencies. Klain asks a number of Florida lawyers for legal advice and finds little help: the lawyers he contacts tell him that they are reluctant to give too much aid to the Gore campaign. “All the establishment firms knew they couldn’t cross Governor [Jeb] Bush [brother of presidential candidate George W. Bush] and do business in Florida,” Klain will later recall. Klain instead pulls together an ad hoc team to be led by former Secretary of State Warren Christopher, now a lawyer in Los Angeles. Gore chooses Christopher because he believes Christopher will lend the team an image of decorous, law-abiding respectability. But, according to a 2004 Vanity Fair report, “Christopher set a different tone, one that would characterize the Democrats’ efforts over the next 35 days: hesitancy and trepidation.” One of Christopher’s first statements on the situation is given to Gore’s running mate Joseph Lieberman, with Christopher saying: “I think we should be aggressive in asserting our position. But we’ve got to temper what we do with the realization that the nation is focused on us and is expecting to act responsibly.” The Bush campaign’s approach is very different from that taken by the sometimes-timorous Christopher. Their quick-response campaign team is headed by Texas lawyer James Baker, a close Bush family friend and another former secretary of state. As Vanity Fair will write, the Bush team “dug in like a pit bull,” issuing frequent press statements that hew to the same line: Bush won the vote on the morning of November 8 (see 2:15 a.m. November 8, 2000 and After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000) and therefore is the legitimate president. Any attempts to alter that “fact” amount to “mischief.” Privately, Baker worries that the narrative is untenable, telling his team: “We’re getting killed on ‘count all the votes.’ Who the hell could be against that?” The Gore campaign will ask for manual recounts in four counties, Palm Beach, Broward, Miami-Dade, and Volusia (see November 9, 2000), and the choice of selective recounts, as opposed to asking for statewide recounts, gives Baker the opening he is looking for. [National Journal, 11/9/2000; Tapper, 3/2001; Vanity Fair, 10/2004] Entity Tags: County of Palm Beach (Florida), Warren Christopher, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., Al Gore presidential campaign 2000, County of Miami-Dade (Florida), Ron Klain, Vanity Fair, Joseph Lieberman, George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, George W. Bush, County of Volusia (Florida), Nick Baldick, John Ellis (“Jeb”) Bush, James A. Baker, County of Broward (Florida) Category Tags: Political strategies, Key Events, Florida Evening, November 8, 2000: NBC Political Commentator Calls Recount Process a ‘Crisis’, Warns Gore to End Process Quickly or Be Dubbed ‘a Whiner’ A screenshot from NBC News’s November 19, 2000 ‘Meet the Press’ broadcast, featuring Tim Russert using a whiteboard to illustrate electoral vote tallies. [Source: NBC / Infoimagination (.org)]NBC political commentator Tim Russert recommends that Democratic presidential contender Al Gore either concede the election or wrap up his challege to the reported election results (see Early Morning, November 8, 2000 and After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000) to avoid being called “a whiner.” Russert says that the election recounts are a “crisis” that must be resolved as quickly as possible. Gore “can’t extend it to too long, nor can he become a whiner about Florida at some point,” he says, and adds: “If they continue then to file lawsuits and begin to contest various areas of the state, then people will begin to suggest: ‘uh-oh, this is not magnanimous. This is being a sore loser.’ I think the vice president understands that as well.… If it starts dragging into petty politics and we get to Thanksgiving and we still don’t know who our president is, I think the public will not have much patience with the candidate they believe is dragging it out.” The progressive media watchdog Web site Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting (FAIR) will note that polls show strong majorities of Americans favor continuing the recount process if it will ensure the accuracy of the voting results, even weeks into the recount process. FAIR will write, “[M]ost public opinion polls suggest that citizens are taking a much more reasonable approach to the situation than some of the elite media, supporting a process that emphasizes fairness rather than speed.” [Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting, 11/16/2000] Entity Tags: Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., Tim Russert, NBC News, Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting Evening, November 8, 2000: Republican, Democratic Lawmakers Spar over Palm Beach ‘Butterfly Ballot’ on CNN; Palm Beach Elections Supervisor Angered at Democrat’s Criticisms and Claims Representatives Robert Wexler (D-FL) and Mark Foley (R-FL), both representing districts in the Palm Beach County area of Florida, argue about the confusing “butterfly ballot” that plagued many Palm Beach voters (see 7:00 a.m. November 7, 2000 and After and November 9, 2000) with interviewer Larry King on CNN. Much of the debate centers on the ballot design and its approval by Palm Beach elections supervisor Theresa LePore, a Democrat. (In his 2001 book Down and Dirty, author Jake Tapper will note that LePore was originally registered as a Republican, then an independent, before registering as a Democrat, and is not particularly partisan with any party.) Foley, a Bush campaign supporter, defends LePore and the ballot, saying that the entire ballot situation is caused by recalcitrant Democrats unwilling to accept defeat, while Wexler, arguing on behalf of the Gore campaign, says the ballot is illegal and cost Al Gore the votes he needed to win Florida and the presidency. Wexler accurately describes many Palm Beach voters as “hysterical” because they feared they had accidentally voted for third-party candidate Pat Buchanan and not for Gore, and says the ballot design does not comply with Florida law. “Illegal is illegal, confusion is confusion, and the presidency shouldn’t hinge on it,” Wexler says. Foley is inaccurate in saying that Buchanan has a large base of support in Palm Beach, though he jokes that some of those putative pro-Buchanan voters “may be deranged.” Foley denies Wexler’s description of “mass confusion” at the Palm Beach polling places, and notes, accurately enough, that “a Democratic supervisor of elections [LePore] approved the layout and approved the ballot.” King says that as a Democrat, Wexler “signed off” on the ballot design, drawing a retort from Wexler: “That’s not exactly so, Larry. Many people did complain to the supervisor of elections when they saw the sample ballot.” LePore, watching the discussion on television, is angered by Wexler’s charge; she later says she mailed out 655,000 sample ballots to voters, gave copies to all 150-odd candidates on the ballot, mailed copies to local Democratic and Republican representatives, and provided copies for publication in the Palm Beach Post and the Orlando Sun-Sentinel, and received no complaints whatsoever. Wexler goes on to note that LePore sent out an unprecedented voter advisory reminding voters how to cast their votes for their desired presidential candidate, “which I’ve never seen done.” LePore is further angered by Wexler’s failure to acknowledge that he was one of the people who requested the advisory. “What a liar!” LePore thinks as she watches Wexler’s comments. Wexler argues that “the presidency of the United States hangs in the balance.… The entire election system of America is on trial right now. We need to make certain it is done in a fair way.” [St. Petersburg Times, 11/10/2000; Tapper, 3/2001] Entity Tags: Larry King, CNN, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., County of Palm Beach (Florida), Jake Tapper, Mark Foley, Patrick Buchanan, Theresa LePore, Robert Wexler, George W. Bush November 9, 2000: Gore Campaign Asks for Recount of Four Florida Counties, Bush Accuses Gore of ‘Cherry-Picking’ Counties for Recounts An example of a ballot with so-called ‘hanging chads,’ ‘chads’ punched partially through the ballot but still ‘hanging’ on to the back of the ballot. Punch-card voting machines often do not read these as votes. [Source: Authentic History]The presidential campaign team of Vice President Al Gore asks for a hand count of presidential ballots in four Florida counties, as allowed under Florida Election Code 102.166. Gore’s recount request covers four Florida Democratic strongholds: Palm Beach, Miami-Dade, Broward, and Volusia. Between them, the four counties recorded about 1.8 million votes cast. All four counties seem to have serious issues surrounding their vote totals (see November 7, 2000 and Mid-Morning, November 8, 2000). Florida Has No Legal Provision for Statewide Recounts This Early - The Gore decision to ask for the specific recounts in four counties is necessary, as Florida state law has no provision for a statewide recount request at this stage: a candidate has 72 hours after an election to request manual recounts on a county-by-county basis, and such requests must be based on perceived errors. Otherwise the candidate must wait until the election is formally certified and then make a request for a statewide recount—a request the Gore team felt certain would be refused by Florida Secretary of State Katherine Harris, who is also the co-chair for the Florida Bush campaign (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000 and After). Accusations of 'Cherry-Picking' - However, the Bush team uses the Gore request of “selective recounts” to launch a press narrative that Gore wants to “cherry-pick” counties for recounts that he thinks will give him an advantage, regardless of Gore’s claims that he wants “all votes counted.” As Vanity Fair will observe in 2004: “Proper as this was by Florida election law, the Democrats’ strategy gave [Bush lawyer James] Baker the sound bite he’d been seeking: Gore was just cherry-picking Democratic strongholds. It was a charge the Bush team wielded to devastating effect in the media, stunning the Gore team, which thought its strategy would be viewed as modest and fair.” The Gore campaign, shocked by what it perceives as the patent unfairness of the Bush response and by the media’s apparent acceptance of it, responds poorly, giving the Bush campaign the opportunity to set the narrative. [Vanity Fair, 10/2004; Leip, 2008] Bush Threatens More Recounts - The Bush campaign threatens to demand recounts in Wisconsin, Iowa, and New Mexico if Gore does not withdraw his challenges in Florida. [Authentic History, 7/31/2011] Swapping Accusations - Former Republican Party chairman Haley Barbour accuses the Democrats of “trying to to take the election of the president out of the election process, which is controlled by voters, and put it in the court process, which is controlled by lawyers.” Former Representative Bill Paxon (R-FL) accuses the Gore campaign of using “legal action to undermine this vote. They know that their chances to win are slim to none.” Bush campaign chairman Donald Evans says, “Vice President Gore’s campaign didn’t like the outcome of Election Day, and it seems they’re worried that they won’t like the official recount result either.” Gore’s campaign chairman William Daley says of the Bush campaign, “I believe that their actions to try to presumptively crown themselves the victors, to try to put in place a transition (see November 9, 2000), run the risk of dividing the American people and creating a sense of confusion.” Gore spokesman Chris Kehane tells a CNN audience: “This is a nation of laws, we ought to respect our laws. But we think that our victory is going to be sweet. We think we have won the popular vote. That’s pretty clear. And we believe we are going to win the popular vote within the state of Florida and thereby win the electoral vote as well.” Gore himself “pledge[s]” to honor the results of the election should the recounts show that Bush is the legitimate winner, saying that the recount “must be resolved in a way that satisfied the public and honors the office of the presidency.” [National Journal, 11/9/2000; New York Times, 11/9/2000] Entity Tags: County of Miami-Dade (Florida), County of Broward (Florida), Bill Paxon, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., Al Gore presidential campaign 2000, William Michael (“Bill”) Daley, Vanity Fair, Katherine Harris, James A. Baker, George W. Bush, Donald L. Evans, George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, Haley Barbour, County of Volusia (Florida), Chris Kehane, County of Palm Beach (Florida) Category Tags: Legal action, Recounts, Florida November 9, 2000: Presidential Campaigns Handle Post-Election Affairs Differently In an attempt to appear nonchalant for the press, Al Gore goes jogging with his daughter Karenna and with members of the press filming the proceedings. [Source: Authentic History]The presidential campaigns of Vice President Al Gore (D-TN) and George W. Bush (R-TX) make very different decisions as to how to handle affairs as the Florida recount continues to delay the naming of a victor in the 2000 presidential race (see Mid-Morning, November 8, 2000 and November 9, 2000). Gore returns to Washington, where he will remain for most of November, in an attempt to be seen as “remaining above the fray.” Bush, on the other hand, meets with advisors and begins alerting the media as to the members of his prospective presidential administration; aides tell reporters that the Bush team will begin announcing Cabinet appointments within a week. Bush himself will soon return to his ranch in Crawford, Texas. The Bush strategy is simple: to insist that Bush has already won the election and to act as if he is president-elect (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000). [Vanity Fair, 10/2004; Leip, 2008] Bush’s running mate Dick Cheney says, “We look forward to getting this matter resolved as quickly as possible so that we can get on with the important business of transition.” ABC reports that the Bush campaign wants “to create a sense of unstoppable momentum. They believe that the voters have spoken and that they have to get about the business of creating a new government.” The Washington Post reports that Bush starts the day by “feeding his dog and two cats and making coffee for his wife, displaying a nonchalance amid crisis that could portend an amiable style if he were to wind up as president.” The Post reports that Bush “acted” the part of president when meeting with reporters in the courtyard of the governor’s mansion in Texas. [National Journal, 11/9/2000] The Gore campaign has said it would not engage in transition actitivies until the election dispute is resolved; of Bush’s transition activities, Gore aide Roy Neel, the campaign’s transition director, says, “It is mind-boggling to me that they would be so presumptuous.” [New York Times, 11/9/2000] Entity Tags: Richard (“Dick”) Cheney, George W. Bush, Roy Neel, Al Gore presidential campaign 2000, George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, Washington Post, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr. November 9, 2000: US Presidential Election Still Undecided; Gore Has Slim Popular, Electoral Vote Leads ’Corrected’ St. Louis Post-Dispatch from November 8 headline showing the uncertain state of the election. [Source: St. Louis Post-Dispatch / Authentic History]The US presidential election remains undecided as “final” tallies are reported. Vice President Al Gore (D-TN) has a slim popular vote lead, with 48,976,148 votes to contender George W. Bush (R-TX)‘s 48,783,510 votes, for a popular-vote margin of 192,638. Gore has won 18 states plus the District of Columbia for 260 electoral votes; Bush has 29 states with 246 electoral votes. Florida’s 25 undecided electoral votes will give either candidate enough to surpass the 270 electoral votes needed to claim the presidency. [Leip, 2008] Entity Tags: Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., George W. Bush Category Tags: Florida November 9, 2000: ’Butterfly Ballot’ Confused Florida County Voters into Casting Presidential Votes for Third-Party Candidate, Lawsuit Filed A surprisingly high number of voters in Palm Beach County, Florida, cast their presidential votes for third-party presidential candidate Patrick Buchanan, and the Gore campaign believes many of these voters intended to vote for Al Gore (see 7:00 a.m. November 7, 2000 and After). The problem lay in Palm Beach’s “butterfly ballot,” designed by Democratic county elections supervisor Theresa LePore, which many voters found confusing (see September 2000). The ballot gave a list of names for offices with corresponding holes to punch, but in the presidential race, Gore’s name lined up more closely with the hole designated for Buchanan, who won 3,407 votes in Palm Beach, over 2,600 more than he won in any other county in Florida. Palm Beach is heavily populated with elderly Jewish voters who were, media reports will say, thrilled to cast their votes for Gore’s Jewish running mate Joe Lieberman; it is doubtful they would have become enthused about Buchanan and his history of anti-Semitism and Holocaust trivialization. Bush spokesman Ari Fleischer attempts to characterize Palm Beach as a “Buchanan stronghold.” But Buchanan readily admits that the Gore campaign is probably correct in saying that many Palm Beach voters intended to vote for Gore and not for him. [Vanity Fair, 10/2004; Leip, 2008] “It does seem to me that those are probably not my votes in those precincts in Palm Beach County,” Buchanan says. “My guess is that I probably got some votes down there that really did not belong to me. I feel—I do not feel well about that. I do not want to take any votes that don’t belong to me.… If the two candidates they pushed were Buchanan and Gore, almost certainly those are Al Gore’s votes, not mine.” Representative Mark Foley (R-FL) says that the Palm Beach voters “may be deranged” in voting for Buchanan, “but they have every right to vote for him” and their votes should not be questioned. Three Palm Beach voters file a lawsuit “seeking a new election claiming the punchcard ballot was so confusing that they accidentally voted” for Buchanan. It is not clear if the Gore campaign or local Democratic Party officials will ask for an actual recount, though some Democratic lawyers call the ballot design “illegal.” [National Journal, 11/9/2000] Analyses: Ballot Confusion Cost Gore between 6,600 and 13,000 Votes - A subsequent analysis reported by the liberal news site Consortium News later alleges that Gore may have lost as many as 13,000 votes due to the “butterfly ballot.” Some voters say they attempted to vote for Gore, punched the hole for Buchanan by mistake, and attempted to correct the error by punching a second hole for Gore. The voting machines recorded those votes as “overvotes” and discarded them without counting them for either Gore or Buchanan. There may be over 10,000 of these particular overvotes remaining to be counted. 19,120 ballots in Palm Beach were disqualified because of double-voting, or “overvoting.” A sample of 144 ballots will be analyzed by Palm Beach election officials, and the results will show that 80 of those 144 ballots—56 percent—show punches for both Buchanan and Gore. If this sample accurately reflects the state of the remaining overvote ballots, then mathematically, Gore lost some 10,622 votes because of the confusion. Adding the approximately 2,700 votes that were given to Buchanan means that Gore lost some 13,000 votes in Palm Beach. [Consortium News, 11/22/2000] A 2001 investigation by The Nation will find that the “lost” Gore votes in Palm Beach number somewhat less than the Consortium News estimate: some 6,600 votes that likely would have gone to Gore were either not counted or inadvertently given to Buchanan. [Nation, 4/24/2001] Entity Tags: George W. Bush, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., Ari Fleischer, County of Palm Beach (Florida), Theresa LePore, Consortium News, The Nation, Mark Foley, Joseph Lieberman, Patrick Buchanan Category Tags: Punch-card voting machines, Florida, Key Events November 9, 2000: Editorial Attempts to Calm Voters Uneasy Due to Florida Recounts An editorial in the Los Angeles Times reassures the American populace that the Florida recounts (see November 10, 2000) are being handled according to law and custom, and do not constitute a “crisis” as other news outlets and pundits have claimed (see Evening, November 8, 2000 and 11:35 p.m. November 9, 2000). “If there are legal challenges, the suspense could stretch for weeks,” the editorial warns. “But in the end, Americans can be assured that this election will be settled in due time, fairly and legally—a democratic confidence still sadly too rare in the world.” Calls to abandon the Electoral College in favor of raw popular vote talles are wrong, the editorial says: “On its face it makes sense, but the electoral college is a foundation of our federal system, in which much power rests with the states. Yes, by basing the number of electors on Senate as well as House representation, smaller states have proportionately more power. But if the popular vote were all that mattered, what candidate would ever waste time on small or thinly populated states like Wyoming or Maine?” The Times agrees with many Democrats that third-party candidate Ralph Nader cost Democrat Al Gore a clear victory in Florida (see November 8-9, 2000) and other states as well. “If [Republican George W.] Bush wins, he will bear the stigma of a minority-vote president, putting his promise to end the bitter infighting in Washington to the severest possible test,” the Times writes, and warns that if Bush does take the presidency, he and his fellow Republicans must work with Democrats to avoid “four years of deadlock.” It concludes: “Through all the turmoil and frustration of Wednesday, two people in particular handled the situation with public calm and grace—George W. Bush and Al Gore. Both provided a welcome example of leadership in the midst of confusion and turmoil. That in itself bodes well for the nation.” [Los Angeles Times, 11/9/2000] Entity Tags: US Electoral College, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., George W. Bush, Ralph Nader, Los Angeles Times November 9, 2000: News Providers Offer Explanations, Admissions of Error in Wake of Election-Night Errors The headline in today’s Palm Beach Post. [Source: Palm Beach Post / Authentic History]In the aftermath of the Florida election results (see Early Morning, November 8, 2000), television and press news outlets offer a round of explanations, excuses, and apologies for the mistakes and miscues that marked election-night coverage (see 7:50 p.m., November 7, 2000, 9:30 p.m. November 7, 2000, 2:15 a.m. November 8, 2000, and 3:57 a.m. - 4:15 a.m. November 8, 2000). Knight-Ridder newspapers say the election night will “forever… be known” as “The Night That Television Got It Wrong.” The Baltimore Sun observes: “Whipsawed between presidential election returns that turned on a dime, and production schedules that couldn’t, newspaper editors crossed their fingers in the early morning and started their presses. And many got the story wrong.” The New York Times says that network executives are “examining how the errors could have occurred,” and goes on to state that many in academia, politics, and the news media are calling the mistakes “perhaps the most egregious election-night gaffes in the modern television era.” CBS News says: “We all made our own calls. All of us made the wrong call twice. It was different people, different eyes looking at it. Each of us thought when we looked at the data that it was a good call. It did not appear to be as risky as it turned out to be.” California pollster Mark DiCamillo says: “Everybody is dying to know who won when the polls close. There’s tremendous pressure that builds. You’ve been looking at exit poll data. It’s very hard to say it’s too close to call. It’s the pressure cooker on election night television coverage.” [National Journal, 11/9/2000] Entity Tags: CBS News, Baltimore Sun, Mark DiCamillo, Knight Ridder Newspapers, New York Times Category Tags: Exit polls, Media Coverage, Florida 12:20 a.m. November 9, 2000: Gore Campaign Aide Writes Memo Summarizing Election Discrepancies in Palm Beach County Gore campaign aide Donnie Fowler writes a memo to his boss, Gore political advisor Michael Whouley, while at a Palm Beach County, Florida, diner. Fowler notes the following: Palm Beach County rejected 19,000 ballots due to “double-voting,” or “overvotes,” where confused voters cast their votes for Democrat Al Gore and third-party candidate Patrick Buchanan. Fowler calls the ballot “confusing and illegal” (see 7:00 a.m. November 7, 2000 and After and November 9, 2000). The rejected ballots comprise 4 percent of the presidential votes cast, whereas only 0.8 percent of the ballots were rejected for overvotes in the Senate race on the same ballot. The voting trends indicate a possible Voting Rights Act violation: whereas 4 percent of ballots were rejected for overvotes county-wide, some 15-16 percent of the ballots were rejected in precincts with large African-American populations. Democratic presidential candidate Al Gore has picked up some 650 votes in the machine recount; Fowler expects Florida to certify its machine recounts (see Early Morning, November 8, 2000) by 5:00 p.m. today (see 5:00 p.m. November 9, 2000). Palm Beach elections board member Judge Charles Burton, the only Republican on the board, admitted in a press conference that punch-card ballot systems are faulty because, Fowler writes, “little dots punched out can interfere with actual counting by machine.” Others also criticize the “antiquated” voting machines. Reports exist of voters being turned away after the 7:00 p.m. poll closing time, in violation of laws that state voters already in line at closing time can vote. Evidence exists that a Republican county commissioner coerced a Democratic county commissioner into holding a recount test less than 24 hours after the polls closed. 500 absentee ballots were left at a post office on Election Day, and presumably were not counted. Poll headquarters registered some 3,000 complaints, an extraordinary number. There may have been more, but many voters were unable to get through on the phone on Election Day. [Tapper, 3/2001] Entity Tags: Charles Burton, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., Michael Whouley, Al Gore presidential campaign 2000, County of Palm Beach (Florida), Patrick Buchanan, Donnie Fowler Category Tags: Irregularities, Political strategies, Punch-card voting machines, Voter intimidation and harassment, Voter registration issues, Florida 5:00 p.m. November 9, 2000: Florida Recounts Continue; Official Tallies May Not Be Available for Days By the end of the business day, 64 of Florida’s 67 counties have retallied their machine votes. Presidential candidate George W. Bush (R-TX) leads Vice President Al Gore (D-TN) by 362 votes in an unofficial tally released by the Associated Press. Florida Secretary of State Katherine Harris (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000 and After) announces that official results from the recount may not be completed until November 14. [Leip, 2008] The Bush campaign’s quick-response team (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000 and Mid-Morning, November 8, 2000) finds the recount tallies sobering and fears a true manual recount. Led by lawyer James Baker, they decide that the only way to ensure victory for their candidate is to stop all recounts. [Vanity Fair, 10/2004] Entity Tags: James A. Baker, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., George W. Bush, George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, Katherine Harris Category Tags: Recounts, Florida 11:35 p.m. November 9, 2000: ABC Lets Bush Aides Dominate Hour-Long ‘Analysis’ of Florida Election Situation ABC News’s Nightline broadcasts an hour-long analysis of the Florida election recount situation (see Early Morning, November 8, 2000 and November 9, 2000). However, host Ted Koppel interviews three representatives from the Bush presidential campaign (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000) and none from the Gore campaign, leading to what the progressive media watchdog Web site Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting (FAIR) will later call a slanted report. All three Bush aides call the recount situation a “crisis” that must be resolved immediately (see Evening, November 8, 2000), deride reports of voter manipulation and minority voters denied their right to vote (see November 7, 2000), and accuse the Gore campaign of attempting to steal the election through legal maneuvering. “Koppel did not subject his guests to tough questioning,” FAIR will note. [Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting, 11/16/2000] Entity Tags: ABC News, Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting, George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, Al Gore presidential campaign 2000 Category Tags: Political strategies, Recounts, Media Coverage, Florida November 10, 2000: Oregon Called for Gore; New Mexico Reverts to ‘Too Close to Call’ The presidential campaign of Vice President Al Gore (D-TN) gains seven electoral votes when Oregon, a state rated too close to call, is officially reported as voting for him. The Gore campaign loses five electoral votes when New Mexico, a state once rated as projected for Gore, is relabeled “too close to call.” [Leip, 2008; Leip, 2008] New Mexico will be granted to Gore when that state completes manual recounts demanded by the Bush campaign (see November 13 - December 1, 2000). Entity Tags: Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr. Category Tags: Recounts, Key Events, New Mexico, Oregon November 10, 2000: New York Times Says Gore Consideration of Legal Recourses in Florida Election ‘Worrying,’ Asks Gore to Let Results Stand In an editorial, the New York Times sounds a cautionary note about the Florida presidential election, warning both sides to avoid what it calls “scorched earth” solutions. It begins by accusing the Democratic presidential nominee, Vice President Al Gore, of “escalat[ing] the atmosphere of combat surrounding the presidential election results with his decision to go to court in Florida” (see November 10, 2000). The Times acknowledges that “Gore has a right as a private citizen to take his grievances to court. But he and Governor George W. Bush [the Republican candidate and apparent frontrunner] are also political figures seeking the world’s most important leadership position. Part of the test of presidential leadership, it seems to us, is finding a way to resolve electoral matters in the political arena.” The Times calls the Gore campaign’s discussion of potential lawsuits “worrying,” accuses it of a “rush to litigation,” and says the Gore campaign should not be using phrases like “constitutional crisis.” Nor should it talk about “efforts to block or cloud the vote of the Electoral College on December 18” (though Bush campaign advisors have threatened just such efforts—see November 1, 2000 and After). The Times says it agrees with CNN’s Bill Schneider that to challenge the machine tallies in Florida would be to choose a “treacherous path.” The Times acknowledges that reports of voting irregularities (see November 7, 2000, Mid-Morning, November 8, 2000, and November 9, 2000) “need to be taken seriously,” but not so much so as to question the results as already reported. To call for manual recounts or file legal challenges, the Times writes, would “paralyze… the succession process, undermine… the finality of presidential elections, and make… nervous a world that looks to the United States as a model of political stability. Neither the prospect of legal warfare nor Mr. Bush’s rush to put together a transition team is helpful at this point.” [New York Times, 11/10/2000] Entity Tags: George W. Bush, Al Gore presidential campaign 2000, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., Bill Schneider, US Electoral College, George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, New York Times November 10, 2000: Florida Machine Recount Completed in 66 of 67 Counties, Gore Campaign Requests Recounts in Four Disputed Counties; ‘Undervotes’ at Heart of Question Unpunched ‘chads’ from punch-card ballots. The voter uses a pencil or stylus to ‘punch’ the chad entirely out of the ballot, leaving a rectangular hole that is read by the voting machine. [Source: Authentic History]The mandated machine recount in Florida’s 67 counties (see 5:00 p.m. November 9, 2000) is completed by all but one county. George W. Bush (R-TX) holds a 327-vote lead. The Gore presidential campaign has requested manual recounts for Miami-Dade, Broward, Palm Beach, and Volusia Counties, where ballot totals are in dispute (see November 9, 2000). Miami-Dade (see November 7, 2000), Broward, and Palm Beach, all of which use obsolete punch-card voting machines, are weighing whether to conduct manual recounts of, firstly, 1 percent of their ballots (sample recounts), and if the results warrant, moving to full recounts. One of the biggest questions is that of so-called “undervotes,” ballots that have no choice registered for a candidate. When a voter attempts to punch through a hole to register a choice but fails to do so completely, that vote is not counted, and instead is classified as an “undervote.” (“Overvotes” are an issue as well with “optiscan” machines, where voters use pencils to fill in ovals corresponding to their choices and feed the ballots into a machine scanner. Sometimes voters fill in votes for both candidates—say, both Bush and Gore—and in such cases voter intent cannot be determined. The machine records no choice. But sometimes voters accidentally “bubble in” both choices, then write “Gore” and an arrow or some other indication of their selection on the ballot. These votes are also not counted, though a manual recount can quickly determine voter intent in these cases. Even stray pencil marks can cause an optiscan ballot to be rejected. Forty-one of Florida’s 67 counties use optiscan machines.) Florida Secretary of State Katherine Harris, the co-chair of Florida’s Bush campaign team (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000 and After), sends young lawyer Kerey Carpenter to Palm Beach to lend her “assistance” in resolving its recount question. Elections board chairman Judge Charles Burton will later recall that while Carpenter identifies herself as a lawyer, she does not inform them that she works for Harris. Instead of assisting in the sample recount process, Carpenter interferes. At one point, after the sample recount has produced some 50 additional votes for Gore, Carpenter objects to the standard of decision; the punch cards have small rectangular holes filled with detachable “chads,” small portions of paper that are pushed through and discarded. The board is using the criteria that a “chad” that is detached at one corner can indicate a vote. Carpenter convinces Burton to change the standard to two detached corners. This decision reduces Gore’s 50 new votes to six. Carpenter, still not revealing her status as a Harris employee, convinces Burton to ask Harris for a “formal opinion” as to what grounds justify a full recount. Burton does so. Harris will set an impossibly high standard for recounts, but will almost immediately be overruled by a judge (see 9:00 a.m. November 13, 2000). [Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, 12/17/2000; Vanity Fair, 10/2004] Entity Tags: County of Palm Beach (Florida), Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., Al Gore presidential campaign 2000, Charles Burton, County of Miami-Dade (Florida), County of Volusia (Florida), Kerey Carpenter, County of Broward (Florida), George W. Bush, George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, Katherine Harris Category Tags: Punch-card voting machines, Recounts, Key Events, Florida November 10, 2000: Post Slams Gore Campaign for Considering Legal Remedies in Florida Recount In an editorial, the Washington Post castigates the Gore campaign for continuing to press for recounts in Florida. After acknowledging that George W. Bush’s lead in that state “appear[s] to have melted to fewer than 300 votes” as the recounts continue (see 5:00 p.m. November 9, 2000), and noting that for Gore to “call for as careful a count as possible in an election as close as this, with so much a stake, seems unobjectionable to us; it can only help to ensure legitimacy,” it then slams Gore campaign manager William Daley for his suggestion that Gore may file lawsuits to ask for manual recounts. Daley said, referring to the widely held belief in the Gore camp that if the votes are tallied completely, Gore would have significantly more votes than Bush, “If the will of the people is to prevail, Al Gore should be awarded a victory in Florida and be our next president.” The Post calls Daley’s remark “poisonous,” saying that Daley is attempting to imply that the Bush camp is trying to steal the election, and demands that Gore “disown” it immediately. The Post also chides Gore officials for implying, somehow, that “Gore’s narrow lead in the popular vote somehow gives him superior status—if not quite a partial claim to the office, then a greater right to contest the electoral outcome in Florida. But that’s false, and they know it. The electoral vote is what matters.” The editorial chides the Bush campaign for leaking its “transition plans” and trying to give “the impression of measuring for new curtains in the Oval Office,” as Bush has not been certified the winner of the race. “Florida hasn’t certified its results, and Mr. Bush has no more claim to the title of president-elect than the vice president. Both sides need to back off at this stage. They are risking a political war that could spread far beyond Florida, one that would be far harder to stop than to begin.” The Post concludes by advising the Gore campaign that calling for recounts is far different from filing lawsuits to force recounts; the first is acceptable, but the second “should be approached with enormous caution and restraint.” [Washington Post, 11/10/2000] In 2010, the Center for American Progress will note that Daley’s claim that Gore “should be awarded a victory in Florida and be our next president” was a claim Bush campaign lawyer James Baker “was saying pretty much every day on Bush’s behalf.” The Post does not have a similar reaction to Baker’s claims. [Center for American Progress, 12/9/2010] The same day the Post editorial is published, the New York Times publishes a piece by historian Richard Reeves that flatly falsifies presidential history in its call for Gore to abandon his post-election challenge (see November 10, 2000). The Post also publishes an editorial by former Republican Senator Bob Dole asking Gore to concede for the good of the nation (see November 11, 2000). Entity Tags: New York Times, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., Al Gore presidential campaign 2000, Center for American Progress, James A. Baker, Robert J. (“Bob”) Dole, Washington Post, George W. Bush, William Michael (“Bill”) Daley, Richard Reeves Category Tags: Political strategies, Recounts, Media Coverage November 10, 2000: Presidential Biographer Falsifies History in Saying that Gore, Like Nixon, Should Concede Election Historian and presidential biographer Richard Reeves fundamentally misrepresents history in a New York Times editorial asking Vice President Al Gore (D-TN) to end the Florida election standoff by conceding to George W. Bush (R-TX). Reeves notes correctly that the 1960 presidential election between Republican Richard Nixon and Democrat John F. Kennedy was extraordinarily close. Reeves asserts that Nixon and Kennedy discussed the situation after the votes were initially tallied and Nixon decided not to challenge the results. “If Nixon had decided to pursue a challenge, he might have had a good case,” Reeves writes. “Republicans were producing claims of fraud, waving sworn depositions from election officials in Illinois and Texas. It was great stuff: there were 6,138 votes cast by the 4,895 voters registered in Fannin County, Texas; in the 38th precinct of Chicago’s sixth ward, 43 voters seemed to have cast 121 votes in the hour after the polls opened. But whatever else he was, Nixon was a patriot. He understood what recounts and lawsuits and depositions carried out over months—even years—would do to the nation. He was also a realist, and he knew that investigations might well turn up examples of his own party’s tradition of recording votes for folks dead or alive in southern Illinois and a few other venues.” Reeves goes on to note that Kennedy’s slight popular vote lead translated into a strong Electoral College lead, and that Nixon’s patron, former President Dwight D. Eisenhower, “was angry about the alleged fraud but finally told Nixon that he could not back him in a challenge to the results.” As Nixon reportedly explained to a reporter afterwards, “The country can’t afford the agony of a constitutional crisis, and I damn well will not be a party to creating one just to become president or anything else.” Reeves uses the example of Nixon’s patriotism and restraint in arguing that Gore should emulate Nixon and gracefully concede the election. [New York Times, 11/10/2000] However, Reeves fundamentally misrepresents Nixon’s actions and historical events. Nixon was, as Reeves writes, convinced that Kennedy fraudulently won the election. And rumors of election fraud had circulated even before Election Day, such as in Chicago, where Democratic majorities were considered suspect. When the votes were tallied and Kennedy declared the winner, angry Republicans demanded an investigation. Nixon later said in both interviews and his own memoirs that he refused to dispute the election. Publicly, Nixon conceded the election to Kennedy, but privately, he encouraged his aides and fellow Republicans to overturn the results. In the weeks after the election, many newspapers pursued the story, fueled by Republicans who made a bevy of allegations and charges of election fraud and rampant cheating. Slate’s David Greenberg later writes: “[T]he Republican Party made a veritable crusade of undoing the results. Even if they ultimately failed, party leaders figured, they could taint Kennedy’s victory, claim he had no mandate for his agenda, galvanize the rank and file, and have a winning issue for upcoming elections.” Three days after the election, Senator Thruston Morton (R-KY), the chairman of the Republican National Committee (RNC), launched bids for recounts and investigations in 11 states, including Texas, Illinois, and New Jersey. Days later, close Nixon aides sent agents to conduct what they called “field checks” in eight of those states. Another aide tried to create a “Nixon Recount Committee” in Chicago. Recounts were indeed obtained. Grand juries were empaneled and a special prosecutor was appointed. The FBI launched investigations into voter fraud and election theft. The recounts and investigations proved nothing of significance, and one by one, they lapsed. The last recount, in Illinois, lasted for over a month after the election; on December 9, 1960, when recount tallies gave Nixon a mere 943 extra votes, Republicans filed a lawsuit in federal court to summarily grant Illinois’s 27 electoral votes to Nixon, which was dismissed. Republicans then took their case to the Illinois Board of Elections, which, even though it had a majority of Republicans comprising it, rejected the petition. Even after December 19, when the Electoral College formally certified Kennedy as the winner, recounts and legal challenges were still in the works. [Slate, 10/16/2000; Salon, 11/10/2000] Boston Globe columnist David Nyhan, considered a liberal like Reeves, echoes Reeves’s portrayal of Nixon in a column that is published the same day as Reeves’s. Nyhan calls Nixon’s supposed concession that president’s “most magnaminous act” and recommends that Gore step aside. [Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting, 11/16/2000] Entity Tags: George W. Bush, Federal Bureau of Investigation, David Nyhan, David Greenberg, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., US Electoral College, Thruston Morton, Richard M. Nixon, Dwight Eisenhower, New York Times, Republican National Committee, John F. Kennedy, Illinois Board of Elections, Republican Party, Richard Reeves Category Tags: Recounts, Media Coverage, Florida November 11, 2000: Former Republican Senator Advises Gore to Concede: Asking for Recounts ‘Bad for Country’ Former US Senator Bob Dole (R-KS) writes an op-ed for the Washington Post urging Democratic presidential candidate Al Gore to abandon his attempts to win the presidential election and concede the election to Republican George W. Bush. “It was a close election, but it’s over,” Dole writes. Dole begins by recalling his own experience from 1976, where Republican President Gerald Ford, with Dole as his running mate, chose not to challenge a narrow election loss to Democrat Jimmy Carter. “It took a while, but I was proud of Gerald Ford when he did the right thing by not contesting the election,” Dole writes. Dole asserts that two separate recounts have taken place [in reality, only one, a machine recount, has occurred—see November 10, 2000] and both verify Bush as the winner of the Florida vote. Instead of gracefully conceding, Dole writes, the Gore campaign is “making every effort to keep the nation divided for weeks with recounts, lawsuits, and endless politicization of the election.” Dole urges Gore “to put his country’s agenda ahead of his agenda; to put the people’s interests before his personal interests.” The American people need closure after a long presidential campaign, Dole argues, and to drag out the process “is bad for the people.” Gore “risks alienating even more Americans” by continuing to press for manual recounts. “Participation in our democracy continues to decline. More and more people are turned off by politics and are tuning out of elections. It is precisely this type of politicization that continues to disenchant people. They want leadership, not lawsuits. They need someone committed to what is good for the country, not what is good for a post election campaign.” Asking for recounts “is bad for the country.” Bush needs time to plan and execute a smooth transition into the presidency, Dole writes, time that Gore is not giving him. Bush “must begin planning his administration. He must prepare a budget and begin selecting a cabinet. He must begin meeting with world leaders and a Congress already bitterly divided. A smooth transition will help to ensure a successful presidency and a more secure and prosperous nation for the next four years.” And finally, history will look askance at Gore for being “the first presidential candidate to challenge his election defeat in the courts. The presidency should be won through inspiration, not litigation.” [Washington Post, 11/11/2000] Entity Tags: George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, Robert J. (“Bob”) Dole, Gerald Rudolph Ford, Jr, James Earl “Jimmy” Carter, Jr., Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., Washington Post, George W. Bush November 11-13, 2000: Florida Court Rejects Bush Campaign Request to Stop Manual Recounts The “quick response” legal team of the Bush presidential campaign, led by former Secretary of State James Baker (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000 and Mid-Morning, November 8, 2000), asks for a federal injunction to stop hand recounts of ballots in several Florida counties because of what it alleges are equal protection and other constitutional violations (see November 9, 2000). Two days later, US District Judge Donald Middlebrooks rejects the request. Throughout the upcoming weeks, Baker and his team will continue to demand that recounts be blocked, while accusing the Gore campaign of asking for “recount after recount” and saying that the voting machine totals are more accurate than manual (hand) vote tallies. [US District Court, Southern District of Florida, 11/13/2000 ; US News and World Report, 12/13/2000; CNN, 12/13/2000; Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, 12/17/2000; Leip, 2008] The Bush campaign decided after the manual recounts that it must stop all subsequent recounts, but at the same time must pin the blame for “taking the election to court” on the Gore campaign. So even though Baker and his team are the first to file motions in court, and though it is Baker’s team that will contest all recounts from this point onward, Baker and his team will persist in accusing the Gore campaign of trying to have the election decided in court and not by the votes. A 2004 article in Vanity Fair will characterize this attempt as very successful in the mainstream media. [Vanity Fair, 10/2004] Entity Tags: Donald Middlebrooks, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., James A. Baker, Al Gore presidential campaign 2000, George W. Bush, Vanity Fair, George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000 Category Tags: Legal action, Political strategies, Recounts, Florida November 11-12, 2000: Two Florida Counties Announce Recounts Two counties in Florida announce recount decisions. At 2:00 a.m., Palm Beach County officials indicate that a sample recount turned up 19 votes for Democratic presidential candidate Al Gore, and announce that the county’s manual recount, initially restricted to designated precincts, will now recount all 462,657 ballots. A manual recount of all ballots, says County Commissioner Carol Roberts, “clearly would affect the results of the national election.” Volusia County begins manually recounting its 184,018 ballots at 10:06 a.m. [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000; Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, 12/17/2000; Leip, 2008] The Bush campaign has requested the courts stop all manual recounts (see November 11-13, 2000). Republicans have been critical of the decision by the two Democrats on the Palm Beach County canvassing board, Roberts and Theresa LePore, to ask for the countywide recount, saying that the decision would require an extension of the November 14 submission deadline (see 9:00 a.m. November 13, 2000). [Salon, 11/13/2000] Entity Tags: County of Volusia (Florida), George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., Theresa LePore, County of Palm Beach (Florida), Carol Roberts November 12, 2000: Conservative Columnist Lambasts Gore Campaign’s Call for Recounts Conservative columnist George Will lambasts the Gore presidential campaign for trying to “steal” the presidential election through unwarranted legal manipulation (see Early Morning, November 8, 2000 and November 9, 2000). Will begins his Washington Post column by comparing the Gore request for recounts to “the blue dress,” a reference to President Clinton’s affair with White House intern Monica Lewinsky, and accuses Democrats of “complaining that the Constitution should not be the controlling legal authority” over elections. Will continues: “The mendacity of Al Gore’s pre-election campaign is pertinent to the post-election chaos. He ran with gale-force economic winds at his back, and with a powerful media bias pulling him along.… Even on election night: by calling Florida for Gore before all Floridians had voted, the networks almost certainly hurt Republican turnout in Florida, and out West” (see 7:50 p.m., November 7, 2000). Will does not mention Fox News’s inaccurate call of Florida for Bush (see 2:15 a.m. November 8, 2000 and November 7-8, 2000). Gore is attempting to steal the election because of his “corrupt… hunger for power” and his “serial mendacity,” Will states, accusing Gore of “desperately seeking lawyering strategies and a friendly court to hand him the presidential election.” He is, Will states, the quintessential liberal, attempting to impose his will “through litigation rather than legislation. Liberalism’s fondness for judicial fiat rather than democratic decision-making explains the entwinement of the Democratic Party and trial lawyers.” Will ridicules reports that the Palm Beach County “butterfly ballot” may have denied Gore votes (see November 9, 2000), and calls Democrats’ questioning of that ballot “sinister.” The claims that Palm Beach voters were confused by the ballot are, Will writes, “baseless.” Will says that the November 17 addition of absentee ballots (see November 18, 2000), with their “large military, hence Republican, component,” will almost certainly lock down the Florida vote for Bush. However, Will writes, “Gore operatives probably will still toil to delegitimize the election. Their actions demolish the presidential pretensions of the dangerous man for whom they do their reckless work.” Will concludes: “All that remains to complete the squalor of Gore’s attempted coup d’etat is some improvisation by Janet Reno, whose last Florida intervention involved a lawless SWAT team seizing a 6-year-old [referring to Cuban-American youngster Elian Gonzales, whom Reno ordered to be sent back to Cuba with his father instead of being allowed to remain in the US with a group of more distant relatives]. She says there is no federal role, but watch for a ‘civil rights’ claim on behalf of some protected minority, or some other conjured pretext. Remember, Reno is, strictly speaking, unbelievable, and these things will continue until these people are gone.” [Washington Post, 11/12/2000] The progressive media watchdog organization Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting (FAIR) will note, “The comment about a ‘protected minority’ seems to be a reference to the complaints of voter fraud and intimidation coming from African-American communities in Florida” (see November 7, 2000). [Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting, 11/16/2000] Entity Tags: Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting, Al Gore presidential campaign 2000, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., County of Palm Beach (Florida), George Will, Janet Reno, George W. Bush Category Tags: Legal action, Recounts, Media Coverage, Florida November 12 - December 10, 2000: Media Analyses Show Sunday Morning Talk Show Coverage Heavily Favorable to Bush in Recount Discussions According to media analyses performed by the Center for American Progress (CAP) and by the team of Kathleen Hall Jamieson and Paul Waldman, the Sunday talk show coverage of the Bush-Gore conflict in Florida between November 12 and December 10 is heavily skewed towards painting George W. Bush as the legitimate president (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000) and Al Gore the losing contender who continues to carry on after having legitimately lost the election. On December 3 and December 10, panelists on ABC’s This Week refer to Bush’s future presidency 27 times. Tim Russert, the host of NBC’s Meet the Press, does so 19 times and calls Bush’s running mate Dick Cheney the “vice president.” In a December 3 interview, Russert asks Cheney if he feels Gore is being a “sore loser” (see November 24, 2000 and After). On December 3, ABC’s Sam Donaldson attempts to get Gore’s running mate, Joseph Lieberman, to concede the election on-air. ABC’s Cokie Roberts attempts to get a concession from Gore campaign representative George Mitchell. Jamieson and Waldman later determine that in the five Sunday shows aired by the three networks during this time period, the word “concede” appears in 23 questions. In 20 of these questions, the hypothetical conceder is Gore. In the other three questions, the hypothetical conceder is no one. Similarly, the hosts and guests on these talk shows, and on other network news broadcasts, frequently warn of “dire consequences” to America’s constitutional democracy if the Florida question is not settled immediately. The hosts also issue frequent warnings that the citizenry’s patience is at “the breaking point,” though polls consistently show that most Americans are content to let the recall process work itself out. CAP later notes, “The Baker-Bush team [referring to James Baker, the head of the Bush campaign’s ‘quick response’ recount team—see Mid-Morning, November 8, 2000] worked hard to create this crisis atmosphere in the hopes of increasing the pressure on Gore to relent for the good of the country, the markets, and the maintenance of world peace.” During this time period, Russert tells viewers, “We could have chaos and a constitutional crisis.” NBC’s Tom Brokaw tells viewers: “If the Florida recount drags on, the national markets are at risk here. National security is involved.” Pundits on ABC’s This Week warn of “turmoil” if Gore does not concede; pundits on CBS’s Face the Nation remark on “spinning out of control.” Columnist David Broder says this period of US history is worse than the turmoil the country weathered after the assassination of President John F. Kennedy. [Center for American Progress, 12/9/2010] Entity Tags: George Mitchell, Tom Brokaw, Center for American Progress, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., ABC News, Tim Russert, David Broder, Sam Donaldson, Paul Waldman, James A. Baker, George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, George W. Bush, Richard (“Dick”) Cheney, Joseph Lieberman, NBC News, Kathleen Hall Jamieson, Cokie Roberts November 12, 2000: Fox News Host Accuses Gore of Turning Election into ‘Legal Circus,’ Taking Final Decision from Voters and Giving it to Lawyers After Democratic presidential contender Al Gore withdraws his concession (see 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000) and announces his determination to press forward with his request for manual recounts (see November 10, 2000), Fox News host Tony Snow tells viewers that “his decision made the poisonous political atmosphere in Washington even more toxic. Gore has established a precedent for turning elections into legal circuses and giving the final word not to voters but to squadrons of lawyers.” [Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting, 11/16/2000] Entity Tags: Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., Tony Snow, Fox News Category Tags: Legal action, Media Coverage, Florida November 12, 2000: Democrats Intend to Sue Florida County Elections Supervisor for Allowing GOP Ballot Tampering Lawyers for the Gore presidential campaign and local Democrats say they intend to sue the Seminole County elections supervisor. In this county, Republican Party workers were permitted to correct errors on thousands of applications for absentee ballots for Republicans, in what Democrats call illegal ballot tampering. [Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, 12/17/2000] Subsequent investigations show that Seminole elections officials and Republican Party workers corrected data on absentee ballots that showed votes for Republican George W. Bush, while throwing away flawed absentee ballots that showed votes for Democrat Al Gore. Republican Party operatives worked unsupervised in Seminole County offices for 10 days preceding the November 7 vote; those offices house the county’s computer database of voters. It is not known if the operatives attempted to access that database. County elections supervisor Sandra Goard later says in a sworn statement that she does not know the identity of one of the two Republican operatives given access to the absentee ballots and the computer rooms. After the absentee ballots were counted into the county’s tallies, Seminole County showed a 5,000-vote lead for Bush over Gore. [Consortium News, 11/27/2000] Entity Tags: County of Seminole (Florida), Al Gore presidential campaign 2000, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., Sandra Goard, George W. Bush Category Tags: Absentee votes, Legal action, Florida Evening, November 13, 2000: Florida County, Facing Deadline, Rejects Manual Ballot Recount Florida’s Broward County, faced with a deadline to certify its election results (see 9:00 a.m. November 13, 2000) and learning from a sample recount that its vote tallies seem to be relatively accurate, decides against a manual recount of its ballots. [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000; Leip, 2008] Entity Tags: County of Broward (Florida) November 13 - December 1, 2000: Bush Campaign Demands, Receives Manual Recounts in New Mexico The Bush presidential campaign demands, and receives, a manual recount in New Mexico. Democrat Al Gore had an early, if narrow, lead in the state during the November 7 returns, but a programming error was found that gave Bush a slim lead. New Mexico’s five electoral votes were withdrawn from the Gore column and the state was classified as “too close to call” (see November 10, 2000). Bush picks up 125 votes on the recount of Roosevelt County. Although the Bush campaign and its Republican allies staunchly oppose manual recounts in Florida (see Mid-Morning, November 8, 2000, November 8, 2000, November 9, 2000, November 9, 2000, 11:35 p.m. November 9, 2000, November 11, 2000, November 11-13, 2000, and November 12, 2000), GOP lawyer and national committeeman Mickey Barnett says in a New Mexico court filing that there is, “of course, no other way to determine the accuracy of this apparent discrepancy, or machine malfunction, other than the board reviewing the votes by hand.” Barnett secures a recount of Roosevelt County’s “undervotes” (ballots that supposedly recorded no preference for president), noting that the county recorded 10 percent of its voters as registering no preference. Barnett and the Bush campaign do not ask for manual recounts of much larger undervotes in three largely Democratic counties. In 2010, columnist Eric Alterman will write: “The only conceivable reason why the GOP cared enough about New Mexico’s five electoral votes as late as December 1 was the fear that if it carried Florida by legislative fiat—in defiance of the courts (see 11:45 a.m. November 30, 2000)—it might lose individual electors in other states. New Mexico would have been a cushion against such defections.” Towards the end of the recounts, another error is found that gives Gore a 500-vote advantage. Gore receives New Mexico’s electoral votes. The final tally: 286,783 votes for Gore and 286,417 for Bush, with a difference in favor of Gore of 366 votes. [Leip, 2000; CNN, 11/13/2000; US Constitution (.net), 2010; Center for American Progress, 12/9/2010] Entity Tags: George W. Bush, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., Al Gore presidential campaign 2000, County of Roosevelt (New Mexico), George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, Eric Alterman, Mickey Barnett Category Tags: Legal action, Recounts, Florida, New Mexico 9:00 a.m. November 13, 2000: Florida Secretary of State Refuses to Extend Election Certification Deadline; County Sues to Extend Deadline; Democrats Speculate on Partisanship of Decision Florida Secretary of State Katherine Harris, the co-chair of Florida’s Bush campaign team (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000 and After), announces she is refusing requests to extend the 5:00 p.m. November 14 deadline for certifying election results (see 5:00 p.m. November 9, 2000) in the interest of what she calls “the public’s right to clarity and finality.” This is her prerogative as secretary of state under Florida Election Code 102.112, though she has the option to extend the deadline. Absentee ballots, by law, can be counted through November 17. Neither Palm Beach nor Miami-Dade Counties have even decided to start recounts yet (see November 7, 2000 and November 10, 2000), and Broward County has not finished the recount it began. Volusia County, also attempting to finish manually recounting all of its ballots (see November 11-12, 2000), sues to extend the November 14 deadline. Lawyers for the Gore campaign join Volusia in the suit, while Bush lawyers file briefs opposing the suit. [Salon, 11/13/2000; US News and World Report, 12/13/2000; Vanity Fair, 10/2004; Leip, 2008] In light of Harris’s decision, Broward will choose to abandon its recount (see Evening, November 13, 2000); Palm Beach will decide to delay the recount until it can receive clarification (see 8:20 a.m. November 14, 2000), and resume the recounting shortly thereafter (see 4:30 p.m. November 14, 2000). Miami-Dade, in contrast, will begin recounting (see November 14, 2000). Later in the day, Harris issues what she considers a legal opinion concerning the recounts, but her opinion conflicts with a decision issued by Florida’s attorney general. [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000] Harris says that no manual recounts should take place unless the voting machines are broken. Judge Terry Lewis finds that opinion not backed by any state law and overrules her opinion. [Vanity Fair, 10/2004] Harris has drawn criticism for her apparent partisanship before now. Warren Christopher, a lead advisor for the Gore campaign, calls Harris’s decision “arbitrary and unreasonable.” Representative Peter Deutsch (D-FL) calls her decision “bizarre,” adding, “I honestly think what’s going on is a strategic decision by the Bush campaign to hurt the litigation efforts.” Representative Robert Wexler (D-FL) says: “The only reason to certify the elections at 5 p.m. tomorrow is a partisan one. If she does what she says she’s going to do—certify the elections at 5 p.m. tomorrow—she will have proven her critics correct; she will have proven that she is an emissary of the Bush campaign who is willing to steal an election.” [Salon, 11/13/2000] Entity Tags: Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., County of Palm Beach (Florida), County of Broward (Florida), Al Gore presidential campaign 2000, County of Miami-Dade (Florida), County of Volusia (Florida), George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, George W. Bush, Peter R. Deutsch, Robert Wexler, Warren Christopher 4:00 p.m. November 13, 2000: Gore Asks that Time Be Spent to Determine Rightful Florida Winner Presidential candidate and Vice President Al Gore (D-TN) makes a televised statement saying that it is important to “spend the days necessary” to determine the rightful winner of the Florida presidential election. [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000] November 14, 2000: Florida County Begins Manual Recount The Miami-Dade County canvassing board unanimously votes to begin manually recounting its election ballots in three precincts (see November 7, 2000), complying with a request from the Gore campaign (see November 9, 2000). [Leip, 2008] The recount is of sample ballots only. [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000] Entity Tags: Al Gore presidential campaign 2000, County of Miami-Dade (Florida) Category Tags: Political strategies, Recounts, Florida November 14, 2000: Judge Agrees to Hear Challenge to Palm Beach County Ballots Palm Beach Circuit Judge Jorge Labarga agrees to hear legal challenges from Palm Beach County Democrats that claim poor ballot design misled some supporters of Democratic presidential candidate Al Gore to cast their votes for conservative third-party candidate Patrick Buchanan instead (see November 9, 2000). Five judges had previously recused themselves from the case. [Leip, 2008] Entity Tags: Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., Patrick Buchanan, Jorge Labarga, County of Palm Beach (Florida) Category Tags: Legal action, Punch-card voting machines, Florida 8:20 a.m. November 14, 2000: Florida County, Facing Certification Deadline, Delays Manual Recount; Democratic Observer Notes Republican Stalling Tactics Carol Roberts. [Source: BBC]Officials in Palm Beach County vote 2-1 to delay their manual recounts of their election ballots (see November 11-12, 2000) until they are able to clarify whether they have the legal authority to proceed. Florida Secretary of State Katherine Harris, the co-chair of Florida’s Bush campaign team (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000 and After), has rejected requests to extend the election certification deadline past 5:00 p.m. today (see 9:00 a.m. November 13, 2000). [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000; Leip, 2008] Harris actually issues an order stopping the recounts, but her order is almost immediately countermanded by Florida Attorney General Robert Butterworth [Consortium News, 11/19/2000] , who serves as the Gore campaign’s Florida chairman. [National Journal, 11/9/2000] The canvassing board meeting is contentious. The lead Republican counsel, Mark Wallace, demands that County Commissioner Carol Roberts recuse herself from the board because of her “active” involvement in the Gore campaign. Roberts responds that her activity includes having a Gore bumper sticker on her car and attending a single cocktail party for Joe Lieberman, Al Gore’s running mate. Election observer Steven Meyer, working with the Democratic Party, writes that he has never heard Republicans complain about Harris’s involvement as co-chair of the Bush campaign. Elections Supervisor Theresa LePore has come under intense scrutiny and criticism for the controversial “butterfly ballot” that she approved for use in the county (see September 2000); many county Democrats blame her for what they believe were some 10,000 votes that should have gone to Gore (see November 9, 2000). Some board members, including LePore, have received death threats; whether these threats came from Republicans, Democrats, or others is unknown. Meyer observes that Republicans such as Wallace mount incessant complaints about ballot handling, and issue frequent demands that already-counted stacks of ballots be recounted again because someone touched or handled them inappropriately. Meyer observes Republican observers using tweezers to pick up tiny “chads” (paper rectangles discarded when a voter punches through a punch-card ballot to cast a vote) and place them in plastic baggies. He also notes that Republicans have placed thousands of Gore ballots in the “questionable” stacks when the ballots plainly indicate votes for Gore. [American Prospect, 12/14/2000] Entity Tags: Katherine Harris, Carol Roberts, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., Al Gore presidential campaign 2000, County of Palm Beach (Florida), Joseph Lieberman, Theresa LePore, Robert Butterworth, George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, Steven Meyer, Mark Wallace Category Tags: Punch-card voting machines, Recounts, Florida 11:00 a.m. November 14, 2000: Bush Campaign Recommends that Gore Campaign Accept 5 P.M. Tally Former Reagan administration cabinet member James Baker, leading the Bush campaign’s legal challenges to the Florida recount process (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000), makes public statements recommending that the Gore campaign drop its advocacy of the recounts and accept the 5:00 p.m. tallies (see Evening, November 14, 2000). A senior advisor to the Gore campaign, former Secretary of State Warren Christopher, declines, saying, “That’s like offering you the sleeves from your vest.” [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000] Entity Tags: Al Gore presidential campaign 2000, Warren Christopher, James A. Baker, George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000 Afternoon, November 14, 2000: Judge Upholds 5 P.M. Certification Deadline, Counties File Appeal Circuit Court Judge Terry Lewis upholds Florida Secretary of State Katherine Harris’s decision to require complete election certification by 5:00 p.m. today (see 9:00 a.m. November 13, 2000). Harris is the co-chair of Florida’s Bush campaign team (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000 and After). Lewis says supplemental returns can be filed after the deadline, but Harris can ignore them after circumstances are considered and if she uses what Lewis calls “proper exercise of discretion.” Observers expect the Gore campaign to file an appeal with the Florida Supreme Court. Officials in Volusia County—joined later by Broward and Palm Beach Counties—move to appeal Lewis’s ruling. [Circuit Court of the Second Judicial Circuit In and For Leon County, Florida, 11/14/2000 ; US News and World Report, 12/13/2000; Vanity Fair, 10/2004; Leip, 2008] Entity Tags: Katherine Harris, County of Broward (Florida), County of Palm Beach (Florida), Terry Lewis, County of Volusia (Florida) Category Tags: Legal action, Florida 4:30 p.m. November 14, 2000: Florida County Resumes Ballot Recount Notwithstanding a deadline imposed by Florida Secretary of State Katherine Harris (see 9:00 a.m. November 13, 2000), the co-chair of Florida’s Bush campaign team (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000 and After), the Palm Beach County canvassing board votes to resume its manual recount of its election ballots (see 8:20 a.m. November 14, 2000) on Wednesday, November 15. It also votes to submit its machine-count results to Harris by the deadline, and continue the manual recounts in the hope it can resubmit its modified tallies at a later date. [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000; Leip, 2008] Entity Tags: Katherine Harris, County of Palm Beach (Florida) Evening, November 14, 2000: Florida Secretary of State Announces 300-Vote Bush Lead as Certification Deadline Passes After her self-imposed deadline of 5:00 p.m. for election results certification passes (see 9:00 a.m. November 13, 2000), Florida Secretary of State Katherine Harris, the co-chair of Florida’s Bush campaign team (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000 and After), announces that George W. Bush (R-TX) leads Vice President Al Gore (D-TN) by some 300 votes, based on returns submitted by all 67 Florida counties. The 300-vote lead Bush currently has is substantially smaller than the 1,784-vote lead he had immediately after the election. Harris says she will comply with a judicial order to consider late returns (see Afternoon, November 14, 2000). She gives three heavily Democratic counties still counting votes until 2:00 p.m. November 15 to submit written explanations as to why they want to add their manual-recount tallies after the deadline; all three counties will comply with her request. [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000; Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, 12/17/2000; Leip, 2008] Entity Tags: George W. Bush, Katherine Harris, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr. November 15-17, 2000: Absentee Ballots Become Issue in Florida Vote Tally A Florida absentee ballot. [Source: SaintPetersBlog (.com)]The Bush and Gore campaigns begin a weeks-long wrangle over the issue of Florida’s absentee ballots. The deadline for counting absentee ballots received from citizens overseas is November 17 (see 12:00 a.m., November 17, 2000). Rumors of large numbers of military absentee ballots, presumably favoring Bush in number, and a large number of ballots from American Jews in Israel, presumably favoring Gore, have swirled for days among the media and in both campaigns. Gore campaign lawyer Mark Herron compiles a long memo on the rules governing absentee ballots to Democratic lawyers at each of the 67 county canvassing boards; a copy of the memo is obtained by a Republican legal team, and soon Bush spokespersons are quoting from it to accuse the Gore campaign of attempting to disenfranchise Americans in uniform. The Gore campaign sends vice-presidential candidate Joe Lieberman (D-CT) onto the Sunday morning television talk shows to shore up its position, and Lieberman protests that the campaign would never do anything to disenfranchise soldiers. Lieberman says that in his opinion, the most permissive standards should be applied to the absentee ballots. Herron and other Gore lawyers are dismayed by Lieberman’s position, as these standards would admit a larger influx of absentee ballots, the majority of which they believe will go to Bush. Okaloosa County, a Panhandle county with six military bases, becomes a center of the controversy. Lawyers from both campaigns and both parties attempt to wrangle the issue among themselves and the Okaloosa elections board, often becoming pushy and confrontational. Bush lawyers insist that the rules should be, in essence, jettisoned and all absentee ballots admitted regardless of postmarks, valid numbers and addresses, etc.; Okaloosa elections supervisor Pat Hollarn, a centrist Republican, refuses. “I told them not only no but hell no,” she later recalls. A 2004 Vanity Fair article will note, “At the same time, in the more Democratic counties, Bush lawyers were arguing just as passionately that rules should be strictly adhered to and any questionable ballots put aside.” After the wrangling has settled and the ballots are counted (see 12:00 a.m., November 17, 2000), Bush wins a net gain of 123 votes. [Vanity Fair, 10/2004] Entity Tags: County of Okaloosa (Florida), Al Gore presidential campaign 2000, Pat Hollarn, Mark Herron, Joseph Lieberman, George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000 Category Tags: Absentee votes, Political strategies, Florida 8:00 a.m. November 15, 2000: Florida Secretary of State Asks Court to Halt Manual Recounts; Court Denies Request Contradicting her previous statement that she would comply with a judicial order to consider the post-election recount tallies from several counties (see Evening, November 14, 2000), Florida Secretary of State Katherine Harris, the co-chair of Florida’s Bush campaign team (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000 and After), asks the Florida Supreme Court to force Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach Counties to end their manual recounts (see November 14, 2000, 3:40 p.m. November 15, 2000, and 4:30 p.m. November 14, 2000) “pending resolution as to whether any basis exists to modify the certified results” after the November 14, 2000 deadline. Harris argues that manual recounts threaten “the integrity of the ballots.” Harris previously imposed a November 14 deadline for all ballots to be counted and results certified (see 9:00 a.m. November 13, 2000). Palm Beach County officials ask the Florida Supreme Court to decide if they can manually recount their ballots. At 5:00 p.m., the Court rejects Harris’s request to stop the recounts. [Consortium News, 11/19/2000; US News and World Report, 12/13/2000; Leip, 2008] A judge has already ruled that Harris can refuse to consider recount results submitted after her deadline (see Afternoon, November 14, 2000). A Gore campaign spokesman later says that considering the obstacles Harris has placed in the way of the hand recounts, the situation is analogous to a policeman forcing a motorist to pull over, then blaming him for the traffic piling up behind him. Bush spokeswoman Karen Hughes counters with the accusation that the counties still engaged in recounts are “no longer counting ballots; they are ‘reinventing’ them.” And James Baker, the head of the Bush “quick response” recount team, accuses the manual recounters of “subjective” attempts to “divine the intent of the voter.” Such recounts, Baker says, present “tremendous opportunities for human error and… mischief.” Both Hughes’s and Baker’s remarks are apparently intended to imply deliberate falsification of vote tallies, and echo similar charges made by Rush Limbaugh and other conservative media figures. Gore officials note that George W. Bush has picked up 418 votes in manual recounts in six counties: Franklin, Hamilton, Seminole, Washington, Taylor, and Lafayette. The Bush campaign, the Gore officials say, was eager to have those votes added in with the totals. Baker’s counterpart on the Gore team, Warren Christopher, says the fact that “Republicans have hand counted in many of the counties themselves” (see November 19, 2000) belies Republican charges that “we have picked out a certain few counties.” The Bush campaign has also picked up 143 votes from recounting in Volusia County. [Consortium News, 11/19/2000; Consortium News, 11/27/2000] Entity Tags: County of Miami-Dade (Florida), Rush Limbaugh, County of Lafayette (Florida), County of Franklin (Florida), County of Broward (Florida), Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., Al Gore presidential campaign 2000, Katherine Harris, Karen Hughes, Warren Christopher, George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, County of Volusia (Florida), County of Washington (Florida), County of Taylor (Florida), County of Palm Beach (Florida), County of Seminole (Florida), James A. Baker, George W. Bush, Florida Supreme Court, County of Hamilton (Florida) Category Tags: Legal action, Political strategies, Recounts, Key Events, Florida 11:30 a.m. November 15, 2000: Judge Rules Florida County Can Set Rules on Ballot Validity Palm Beach Circuit Judge Jorge Labarga rules that the Palm Beach County elections board can set rules on which ballots are valid. The ruling is in response to legal challenges to Palm Beach County’s election ballots (see November 14, 2000). [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000; Leip, 2008] Entity Tags: County of Palm Beach (Florida), Jorge Labarga 12:00 p.m., November 15, 2000: Bush Campaign Joins Florida Secretary of State in Asking Court to Stop Recounts; Request Rejected The presidential campaign of George W. Bush (R-TX—see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000) joins in a motion filed by Florida Secretary of State Katherine Harris, the co-chair of Florida’s Bush campaign team (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000 and After), to stop all manual ballot recounts in Florida (see 8:00 a.m. November 15, 2000). Harris imposed a deadline of 5:00 p.m. November 14 for all recounts to be completed and all results certified (see 9:00 a.m. November 13, 2000 and Evening, November 14, 2000). The request is rejected by a federal judge later in the day. [Leip, 2008] Entity Tags: George W. Bush, Katherine Harris, George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000 Category Tags: Legal action, Political strategies, Florida 3:40 p.m. November 15, 2000: Florida County Resumes Recounts in Spite of Certification Deadline Ignoring Florida Secretary of State Katherine Harris’s decision that all counties must have certified their election vote results by yesterday afternoon (see 9:00 a.m. November 13, 2000), the Broward County canvassing board reverses its earlier decision (see Evening, November 13, 2000) and decides to conduct a full manual recount of all 587,928 ballots cast there. Harris (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000 and After) says she will not count new tallies submitted by either Broward or Palm Beach Counties (see 4:30 p.m. November 14, 2000). [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000; Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, 12/17/2000; Leip, 2008] Entity Tags: County of Palm Beach (Florida), County of Broward (Florida), Katherine Harris 6:36 p.m. November 15, 2000: Gore Asks for Full Recount in Florida, Offers Alternatives The presidential campaign of Vice President Al Gore (D-TN) suggests that all 67 Florida counties conduct manual recounts of their ballots if Republicans object to recounts in Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach Counties (see November 9, 2000). Gore himself says he will eschew any further legal challenges if Republicans will accept the three counties’ recounts. He also proposes a face-to-face meeting with his opponent, George W. Bush (R-TX). [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000; Leip, 2008] Entity Tags: County of Broward (Florida), Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., County of Palm Beach (Florida), George W. Bush, County of Miami-Dade (Florida) 9:14 p.m., November 15, 2000: Florida Secretary of State Refuses to Consider Further Recount Numbers Florida Secretary of State Katherine Harris, the co-chair of Florida’s Bush campaign team (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000 and After), announces that she will not consider any further submissions of recounted election ballots from any Florida counties (see Evening, November 14, 2000). She has already accepted submissions from three counties still conducting recounts (see November 14, 2000, 3:40 p.m. November 15, 2000, and 4:30 p.m. November 14, 2000), and has received written explanations from three counties—Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach—explaining why they need additional time to complete their recounts. Palm Beach explained that it had found serious discrepancies between the results of its machine and sample manual recounts. Broward told of a large voter turnout and accompanying logistical problems. Miami-Dade said it had reason to believe that a manual recount would provide significant differences in its results (see November 7, 2000). Harris announces that she finds all three counties’ explanations insufficient and will not include their recount tallies in her final election numbers. [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000; Vanity Fair, 10/2004; Leip, 2008] Entity Tags: County of Miami-Dade (Florida), County of Broward (Florida), Katherine Harris, County of Palm Beach (Florida) 10:15 p.m., November 15, 2000: Bush Campaign Rejects Gore Proposal for Full Recount The Bush presidential campaign rejects the Gore presidential campaign’s proposal for a statewide manual recount of Florida’s presidential votes (see 6:36 p.m. November 15, 2000), stating that such a recount would be neither fair nor accurate. George W. Bush also informs the Gore campaign that he has no interest in meeting with Al Gore face-to-face, though he says he is open to such a meeting after the election. [Leip, 2008] “The outcome of this election,” Bush says in a statement, “will not be the result of deals or efforts to mold public opinion” (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000). [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000] Entity Tags: Al Gore presidential campaign 2000, George W. Bush, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000 Mid-to-Late November 2000: Supreme Court Justice, Clerks Find Idea of Deciding Presidential Election in Court ‘Inconceivable’ Shortly after the presidential vote that resulted in an as-yet-unresolved flurry of recounts and criticisms (see 6:36 p.m. November 15, 2000 and 9:14 p.m., November 15, 2000), two law clerks at the US Supreme Court laugh about the unlikely possibility that the election will end up being resolved in the Court. Could it happen that way? they wonder. And if so, would the Court split 5-4 along ideological lines, with the conservative majority giving Governor George W. Bush (R-TX) the presidency? The idea is preposterous, they decide, no matter what some of their friends and relatives are predicting. Even the most conservative of Court justices, they say, are pragmatic and mindful of the law. Moreover, they tell one another, the Court has always steered clear of sticky political conflicts. And the conservative justices are the most mindful of states’ rights and most devoted to the concept of the Constitution’s “original intent,” including the Founders’ insistance that Congress, not the judiciary, should be the body to resolve close elections. One clerk later tells reporters: “It was just inconceivable to us that the Court would want to lose its credibility in such a patently political way. That would be the end of the Court.” As November moves closer to December and the election fracas continues unresolved, a law professor predicts that Bush’s chances before the Court are “between slim and none, and a lot closer to none.” Over Thanksgiving, the justices and clerks leave Washington for vacation, with only a skeletal staff of a few clerks remaining in town in case of emergencies. Justice Stephen Breyer says over the holiday that there is no way the Court would ever get involved in the election. [Vanity Fair, 10/2004] Entity Tags: George W. Bush, US Supreme Court, Stephen Breyer Category Tags: Legal action, Political strategies, Florida, US Supreme Court intervention November 16, 2000: Bush Campaign Decides Not to Demand Iowa Recounts The Bush presidential campaign announces that it will not seek a recount of votes in Iowa. [Leip, 2008] Iowa was called in favor of Vice President Al Gore (D-TN) at 2:04 a.m. on November 8, giving Gore seven electoral votes. [Leip, 2008] Entity Tags: Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, George W. Bush Category Tags: Legal action, Recounts, Other November 16, 2000: Gore Campaign Files Court Challenge to Florida County Election Results Attorneys for the Gore presidential campaign file an emergency motion in Leon County state court challenging the certification of the results of that county’s Florida presidential election. [Leip, 2008] Entity Tags: County of Leon (Florida), Al Gore presidential campaign 2000 Early Morning, November 16, 2000: Bush Campaign Demands Court Stop All Florida Recounts Lawyers for the Bush presidential campaign (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000) submit written arguments to the US Federal Appeals Court in Atlanta demanding that Florida immediately halt all recounts (see 8:00 a.m. November 15, 2000 and 12:00 p.m., November 15, 2000), calling manual recounts “unconstitutional.” Three Florida counties are still engaged in manual recounts (see November 14, 2000, 3:40 p.m. November 15, 2000, and 4:30 p.m. November 14, 2000). Democrats file papers with the same court opposing the Republican motion. [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000; Leip, 2008] Entity Tags: Al Gore presidential campaign 2000, George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, George W. Bush 12:45 p.m. November 16, 2000: Gore Lawyers Ask Judge to Force Florida Secretary of State to Accept Manual Recounts Lawyers for the Gore presidential campaign ask Judge Terry Lewis (see Afternoon, November 14, 2000) to require Florida Secretary of State Katherine Harris (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000 and After) to include recount ballot tallies made after her November 14 deadline (see 9:14 p.m., November 15, 2000). Gore lawyer Dexter Douglas tells Lewis: “She says, ‘You can only have a hand count in case of mechanical failure or hurricane.’ And the attorney general said that’s a bunch of bunk” (see 9:00 a.m. November 13, 2000). [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000] The next day, Lewis will rule that Harris has the power to ignore late-filed returns (see 10:04 a.m. - 12:45 p.m. November 17, 2000). Entity Tags: Dexter Douglas, Al Gore presidential campaign 2000, Terry Lewis, Katherine Harris 3:00 p.m., November 16, 2000: Florida Supreme Court Allows Florida Counties to Begin Manual Recount The Florida Supreme Court rules that Palm Beach and Broward Counties can proceed with a manual recount of ballots (see 4:30 p.m. November 14, 2000, 3:40 p.m. November 15, 2000, and Early Morning, November 16, 2000). Almost immediately, Palm Beach officials announce that they will begin that recount. The Court rules that a state judge must decide if the recount totals must be accepted. [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000; Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, 12/17/2000; Leip, 2008] Entity Tags: County of Palm Beach (Florida), County of Broward (Florida), Florida Supreme Court Category Tags: Legal action, Recounts, Florida, Key Events November 17, 2000: Florida Democrats Challenge Acceptance of Some Absentee Ballots in Seminole County Florida Democrats sue the Seminole County Canvassing Board in state court for including absentee ballots in the vote totals that they say did not satisfy the provisions of 101.62 of the Florida Election Code (see November 15-17, 2000). These provisions require that a citizen requesting an absentee ballot provide the elector’s registration number on their application. [Leip, 2008] The Seminole County elections supervisor allowed Republican Party workers to correct thousands of Republican ballots to allow them to be counted (see November 12, 2000). Entity Tags: County of Seminole (Florida), Al Gore presidential campaign 2000 November 17, 2000: Florida County Decides to Recount Presidential Ballots Apparently emboldened by a judge’s halt to Florida declaring a winner in its presidential race (see 5:00 p.m. November 17, 2000), Miami-Dade County election officials vote to conduct a full manual recount of their county’s presidential ballots. [Leip, 2008] Initial figures in the recount show a significant number of “undervotes” going to Democrat Al Gore (see November 7, 2000). In response, Republican lawyers attempt to challenge vote after vote that is tallied to Gore, with corresponding counter-challenges from Democratic lawyers. Kendall Coffey, a Gore campaign lawyer, later recalls that as the Gore totals begin to accumulate, “panic buttons were being pushed” among the Republicans. Days later, a mob of Republican activists will descend on the Miami-Dade election board and force the shutdown of the recounts (see 9:00 a.m. and after, November 22, 2000). [Vanity Fair, 10/2004] Entity Tags: George W. Bush, Al Gore presidential campaign 2000, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, County of Miami-Dade (Florida), Kendall Coffey 12:00 a.m., November 17, 2000: Deadline for Counting of Florida Absentee Ballots Arrives, Bush Gains Votes The deadline of midnight November 17 for Florida to count and tally all overseas absentee ballots, under Florida Administrative Code, Chapter 1S-2.013, arrives. [Leip, 2008] A US News and World Report article indicates that the deadline is noon November 18, not midnight of November 17, though this indication is erroneous. Absentee ballots continue to trickle in and be counted throughout the day and into the evening. [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000; Authentic History, 7/31/2011] Florida Secretary of State Katherine Harris, the co-chair of Florida’s Bush campaign team (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000 and After), issues an opinion—in conflict with Florida state law—saying that absentee ballots can be counted even if received by mail up to 10 days after November 17 as long as they were sent from outside the country and postmarked by Election Day. Rumors of large numbers of military absentee ballots, presumably favoring George W. Bush in number, and a large number of ballots from American Jews in Israel, presumably favoring Al Gore, have swirled for days among the media and in both campaigns. A 2004 article by Vanity Fair will speculate that Mac Stipanovich, Harris’s “handler” from the Bush campaign, made the decision to have Harris issue her opinion after deciding that the likelihood of Bush gaining votes from the military absentee ballots was higher than the speculative Gore bounce from the perhaps-mythical flurry of votes from Israel. [Vanity Fair, 10/2004] Bush gains 123 votes from the absentee ballots (see November 15-17, 2000). Entity Tags: George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, George W. Bush, Vanity Fair, Mac Stipanovich, Katherine Harris 10:04 a.m. - 12:45 p.m. November 17, 2000: Florida Judge Rules Secretary of State Has Power to Accept or Reject ‘Late-Filed’ Election Returns Leon County Judge Terry Lewis rules that Florida law gives Florida Secretary of State Katherine Harris, the co-chair of Florida’s Bush campaign team (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000 and After), “broad discretionary authority to accept or reject late-filed returns,” referring to recounts submitted after Harris’s November 14 deadline (see 9:14 p.m., November 15, 2000). After Lewis issues his ruling, Harris issues a statement hinting she is poised to certify the election when the absentee ballots are in by noon on November 18 (see November 18, 2000). An hour after the ruling, James Baker, representing the Bush campaign team, says George W. Bush and his running mate Dick Cheney “are understandably pleased” with Lewis’s finding. “The rule of law has prevailed,” he says. Gore campaign lawyer Warren Christopher warns against premature “partying” by Republicans, and says the campaign is taking Lewis’s ruling to the Florida Supreme Court. This afternoon, the Florida Supreme Court puts a hold on Lewis’s decision, citing a pending appeal by the Gore campaign (see 5:00 p.m. November 17, 2000). [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000; Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, 12/17/2000; Leip, 2008] Entity Tags: Katherine Harris, County of Leon (Florida), Florida Supreme Court, James A. Baker, Richard (“Dick”) Cheney, Terry Lewis, George W. Bush, Warren Christopher 5:00 p.m. November 17, 2000: Florida Supreme Court Stops Secretary of State from Certifying Presidential Winner The Florida Supreme Court bars Florida Secretary of State Katherine Harris, the co-chair of Florida’s Bush campaign team (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000 and After), from rejecting all post-deadline recount tallies (see 9:14 p.m., November 15, 2000) as well as certifying George W. Bush (R-TX) as the state’s presidential winner “until further order of this court” (see 10:04 a.m. - 12:45 p.m. November 17, 2000). It sets a hearing for Monday, November 20 to hear arguments on the recount dispute. The Court says flatly, “it is NOT the intent of this order to stop the counting.” [Supreme Court of Florida, 11/17/2000 ; US News and World Report, 12/13/2000; Leip, 2008] Harris is prepared to certify Bush as the winner (see Evening, November 14, 2000), which would give him the electoral votes needed to grant him the presidency (see November 9, 2000). With that no longer a possibility, James Baker, the leader of the Bush “quick response” campaign recount team (see Mid-Morning, November 8, 2000), issues a public threat: the incoming Florida speaker of the House, Republican Tom Feeney, will, if necessary, take matters into his own hands and vote in an independent slate of “electors” who would journey to Washington and vote for Bush in the US Electoral College. Because both houses of the Florida legislature are dominated by Republicans, Feeney could pass just such a bill authorizing that procedure. [Vanity Fair, 10/2004] Bush and his campaign officials harshly denounce the Court’s ruling. Bush accuses the Court of using “the bench to change Florida’s election laws and usurp the authority of Florida’s election officials,” and states that “writing laws is the duty of the legislature; administering laws is the duty of the executive branch.” However, the liberal news Web site Consortium News notes that Bush seems unaware of the duty of the judicial branch, “a fact taught to every American child in grade-school civics class—that it is the duty of the judiciary to interpret the laws. It is also the responsibility of the courts to resolve differences between parties under the law.” [Consortium News, 11/23/2000] Entity Tags: Tom Feeney, Florida Supreme Court, Katherine Harris, George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, George W. Bush, James A. Baker, Consortium News, US Electoral College Category Tags: Legal action, Political strategies, Recounts, Florida, Key Events, US Supreme Court intervention, Florida Legislation intervention 6:08 p.m. November 17, 2000: Appeals Court Denies Bush Request to Stop Florida Recounts The US Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit turns down a Bush presidential campaign request to stop Florida’s manual recounts on constitutional grounds (see Early Morning, November 16, 2000). [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000; Leip, 2008] Entity Tags: George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000 November 18, 2000: Florida Absentee Votes Widen Bush’s Presumptive Lead Florida’s presidential vote tallies are adjusted, in line with state law, to reflect absentee ballots (see 12:00 a.m., November 17, 2000 and November 15-17, 2000). The slim lead belonging to George W. Bush (R-TX—see Evening, November 14, 2000) expands to 930 votes; Bush picks up 1,380 votes and Vice President Al Gore (D-TN) picks up 750 votes. [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000; Leip, 2008] After the modified vote tallies are announced, Bush campaign officials begin publicly complaining of manual-recount irregularities. [Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, 12/17/2000] Three Florida counties are either engaged in manual recounts or are preparing to recount (see November 17, 2000, 3:40 p.m. November 15, 2000, and 3:00 p.m., November 16, 2000). Entity Tags: George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., George W. Bush November 19, 2000: Bush Campaign Welcomes Manual Recounts from Florida Counties that Garnered Hundreds of Votes for Bush The online news Web site Salon reports that while the Bush campaign opposes the Gore campaign’s requests for manual recounts in four heavily Democratic counties (see Mid-Morning, November 8, 2000, November 8, 2000, November 9, 2000, 11:35 p.m. November 9, 2000, November 10, 2000, November 11-13, 2000, 9:00 a.m. November 13, 2000, 12:00 p.m., November 15, 2000, 10:15 p.m., November 15, 2000, Early Morning, November 16, 2000, 5:00 p.m. November 17, 2000, and 12:36 p.m. November 19, 2000), it quietly accepted voluntary manual recounts from four Florida counties that contributed 185 votes to the Bush tally. According to Salon, in those four counties—Seminole, Polk, Taylor, and Hamilton—elections officials took it upon themselves to manually count ballots that could not be read by machine, so-called “undervotes.” Those recounts are entirely legal. The Seminole recount garnered 98 votes for George W. Bush. Al Gore lost 90 votes in Polk County because the votes had apparently been counted twice. The Taylor recount garnered four votes for Bush. The Hamilton recount garnered 10 votes for Gore. (A similar report by the online news site Consortium News uses different counties—Franklin, Hamilton, Seminole, Washington, Taylor, and Lafayette—to note that Bush has garnered some 418 votes in those counties’ recounts.) Bush campaign spokeswoman Mindy Tucker says that under Florida law, county canvassing boards have the discretion as to whether to inspect uncounted ballots by hand, and says that the Gore campaign’s calls for recounts of undervotes in Miami-Dade County (see November 7, 2000) is another in its attempt to “continually try to change the rules in the middle of the game. The ballots were inspected by hand in some cases but not all, and under Florida law it’s the canvassing board’s decision legally. It’s our belief that these votes have been counted.” Gore spokesman Chris Lehane says the Gore campaign wants the same consideration given to Miami-Dade votes as given to votes in other counties. Moreover, Miami-Dade uses punch-card ballots, which yield far more errors than the “optiscan” balloting systems used in Seminole, Polk, Taylor, and Hamilton. “Keep in mind, punch cards are used in poorer areas,” he says. “Most of these other ballots were optical ones where the reliability was much, much higher. And in poorer areas, you have bad machines or flawed ballots. We think we have a pretty clear and compelling argument.” Senior Bush campaign adviser James Baker says that manually recounting votes in Democratic-leaning counties was comprised of “subjective” attempts to “divine the intent of the voter,” and that hand-counting votes provides “tremendous opportunities for human error and… mischief.” Democrats retort that Baker’s statement is hypocritical, and point to Bush’s gain in Republican-leaning counties as proof of both the accuracy of recounting and the need to count each vote. [Consortium News, 11/19/2000; Salon, 11/28/2000] Entity Tags: County of Polk (Florida), County of Franklin (Florida), Chris Lehane, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., County of Hamilton (Florida), County of Miami-Dade (Florida), County of Washington (Florida), James A. Baker, County of Seminole (Florida), County of Taylor (Florida), County of Lafayette (Florida), George W. Bush, George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, Mindy Tucker Before 10:00 a.m. November 19, 2000: Florida County Begins Manual Recount of Presidential Election Votes Florida’s Miami-Dade County begins a manual recount of its presidential ballots (see November 7, 2000 and November 17, 2000). Bush campaign lawyers and local Republicans tried and failed to get a judge to stop the recounts, arguing that using machines to sort ballots to find votes would damage ballots and, presumably, give Democrat Al Gore more votes. The judge refuses to rule in the Republicans’ favor, and Miami-Dade election officials begin hunting for questionable ballots for recounting. [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000; Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, 12/17/2000; Leip, 2008] On November 22, after Bush operatives and local Bush supporters stage a riot outside the elections offices, the Miami-Dade elections board will cancel the recount, saying it does not have enough time to complete the recount by the November 26 deadline (see 9:00 a.m. and after, November 22, 2000). Entity Tags: George W. Bush, County of Miami-Dade (Florida), Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr. 10:30 a.m. November 19, 2000: Lieberman: Count All Florida Votes or Risk Accusations of Election Theft Democratic vice-presidential candidate Joe Lieberman (D-CT) says on CBS’s Face the Nation that every last vote should be counted in Florida, or millions of citizens will say, “We were robbed.” [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000] Lieberman later tells reporters, referring to the Bush campaign, “It seems to be that they’re doing everything they can to stop the recounting of votes because they’re slightly ahead and they fear that after the recounting they won’t be.” Senator Bob Graham (D-FL) later agrees with Lieberman, saying that if necessary, every single vote in Florida should be manually recounted. “What we’re trying to achieve here is an election that has credibility by the American people. That credibility would likely be enhanced if all Florida voters had their ballots hand counted,” he says. However, Bush campaign lawyers say such a move would unfairly “keep the state and the nation on hold.” [Guardian, 11/20/2000] Entity Tags: George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, Joseph Lieberman, Daniel Robert (“Bob”) Graham 12:36 p.m. November 19, 2000: Bush Campaign Asks High Court to Instruct Florida to ‘Name a Winner’ Bush campaign attorneys note that all the absentee ballots have been tallied (see November 18, 2000 and November 15-17, 2000). They ask the Florida Supreme Court to just instruct the State of Florida to name a winner of its presidential election (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000). [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000] Entity Tags: George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, George W. Bush November 20-21, 2000: Florida Supreme Court Rules Manual Recounts Can Continue, Results Must Be Accepted The Florida Supreme Court hears recount arguments from both the Gore and Bush presidential campaigns regarding whether Florida Secretary of State Katherine Harris, the co-chair of Florida’s Bush campaign team (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000 and After), should consider hand-recounted ballots before she certifies results of the presidential election (see 5:00 p.m. November 17, 2000). Bush lawyers argue that the Court is “without power” to decide which ballots should or should not be tallied. At 9:45 p.m. November 21, the Court unanimously rules that the manual recounts can continue and that Harris must accept those totals in the final results (see 10:04 a.m. - 12:45 p.m. November 17, 2000). The Court rules that the deadline for certifying the election is either 5:00 p.m. November 26, a Sunday, or November 27, at Harris’s discretion. Harris’s staff is caught by surprise by the ruling, downloading it off the Internet instead of receiving a copy from the Court; Harris’s plan to certify George W. Bush as president is blocked. Democratic presidential candidate Al Gore welcomes the ruling, saying that both he and Bush should plan their transitions in case either is certified. [Supreme Court of Florida, 11/21/2000 ; US News and World Report, 12/13/2000; Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, 12/17/2000; Leip, 2008] The Court says in its ruling that “the right of the people to cast their vote is the paramount concern overriding all others.” Campaign observers have said that if the Florida high court’s ruling went the other way, Gore would concede the election. Some of Gore’s senior campaign advisors reportedly told Gore to stop further challenges if the Florida court decision went in Bush’s favor. [Guardian, 11/22/2000] Bush campaign representatives level charges that the Gore campaign is attempting to “steal” the election. Bush campaign attorney James Baker calls the Supreme Court’s ruling “unjust.” Governor Marc Racicot (R-MT), who has emerged in recent days as an influential Bush campaign spokesman, threatens “some extraordinary” measures to overcome the effects of the Court’s ruling (see 9:00 a.m. and after, November 22, 2000). [Guardian, 11/23/2000] Entity Tags: Marc Racicot, Katherine Harris, George W. Bush, George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, Al Gore presidential campaign 2000, James A. Baker, Florida Supreme Court Category Tags: Legal action, Recounts, US Supreme Court intervention, Key Events, Florida 8:00 a.m. November 20, 2000: Florida County Begins Long Process of Manually Recounting Presidential Votes Florida’s Miami-Dade County begins its actual recount of its presidential election votes (see November 7, 2000 and Before 10:00 a.m. November 19, 2000). Perhaps because the number of votes to recount is so large, the electors will soon decide to only count some 10,750 “undervotes,” or ballots lacking a clear presidential choice. [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000] Entity Tags: County of Miami-Dade (Florida) 10:46 a.m. November 20 - November 22, 2000: Judge Rules against Mandating Re-vote in Florida County, Issues ‘Dimpled Chad’ Ruling Palm Beach County, Florida, Judge Jorge Labarga rules that he has no constitutional authority to order a re-vote in that county due to use of the controversial “butterfly ballot” (see November 14, 2000). Two days later, Laborga rules that ballots with so-called “dimpled chads” (punch-card ballots whose punch holes, or “chads,” are dented, as if the voter attempted and failed to push the paper through the hole entirely and thus register a vote) cannot be summarily excluded from the Palm Beach manual recount. However, officials can reject questionable ballots if the voter’s intent cannot be determined. [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000; Jurist, 2003; Leip, 2008; Circuit Court of the 15th Judicial Circuit, In and For Palm Beach County, Florida, 11/20/2008 ] Apparently, ballots with “dimpled chads” legally indicate voter intent to vote for that particular candidate. Entity Tags: Jorge Labarga, County of Palm Beach (Florida) 5:00 p.m. November 20, 2000: Florida County Election Official Quits in Mid-Recount Broward County elections officials study a ballot, attempting to determine the voter’s intent. [Source: Authentic History (.com)]Jane Carroll, Broward County’s single Republican election supervisor, quits midway through the county’s recount process. “It’s like having Election Day for 10 days in a row,” she says. “I need to get out of here.” She will be replaced by Circuit Court Judge Robert Rosenberg the next morning. [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000] Entity Tags: County of Broward (Florida), Robert Rosenberg, Jane Carroll November 21, 2000: Campaigns Mobilize Ex-Military Politicians in Absentee Ballot Argument Both the Bush and Gore campaigns send veteran politicians and military veterans to argue for and against the acceptance of military absentee ballots that may not meet the criteria for acceptance under the law (see November 12, 2000, November 15-17, 2000, and November 18, 2000). For George W. Bush, Senator Bob Dole (R-KS) argues for their inclusion. Vietnam War veteran Senator Bob Kerrey (D-NE) argues against their inclusion; Kerrey also tells reporters that Al Gore “understands that he may be the loser in Florida.” [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000] Entity Tags: Al Gore presidential campaign 2000, Robert J. (“Bob”) Dole, George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, Bob Kerrey 10:15 a.m. November 21, 2000: Florida Judge Refuses to Set ‘Objective Standard’ for Ballot Recounts, Refuses to Authorize Garbage-Can Search for Missing Chads Florida Circuit Judge David Tobin refuses Republican requests to set what they call “an objective” standard for election ballot review in the recounts going on in several Florida counties. “I’m not going to manage the minutiae of each ballot being counted,” Tobin says. He also denies a Republican request to authorize a garbage-can search for missing chads (the tiny pieces of paper removed from punch-card ballots when a voter punches through the card with a stylus to indicate a vote). [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000] Entity Tags: David Tobin November 22-24, 2000: Bush Campaign Files Petition with US Supreme Court Challenging Florida Ruling that Favors Manual Recounts The Bush presidential campaign files a petition in the US Supreme Court, asking the Court to review the Florida Supreme Court’s ruling that Florida can continue manual recounts, and that those new recount tallies be included in the final election results (see November 20-21, 2000). Bush lawyers argue that the Supreme Court effectively rewrote Florida election law in mandating the recount tallies be counted, by essentially changing the law after the election had occurred; they also argue that Florida judges have no jurisdiction or legal authoritiy to order Florida Secretary of State Katherine Harris (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000 and After) to consider manually recounted votes. Both arguments are considered somewhat abstruse and technical. The Bush campaign also claims, with little legal backing, that to recount the votes violates constitutional guarantees of due process and equal protection. Gore lawyers say that the matter is up to the state courts, and is not a federal matter warranting the involvement of the US Supreme Court. The Court agrees to hear the case, and sets the hearing date for December 1, 2000. [Supreme Court of the United States, 11/22/2000 ; Certiorari Granted, 11/24/2000 ; Guardian, 11/25/2000; US News and World Report, 12/13/2000; Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, 12/17/2000; Vanity Fair, 10/2004; Leip, 2008] “We believe we stand on both strong political and legal ground for fighting beyond Sunday,” says Gore campaign adviser Ron Klain. After the Court agrees to hear the case, Harris, the co-chair of Florida’s Bush campaign team, says she is ready to certify the election for George W. Bush tomorrow night regardless of the outcome of the Supreme Court hearing. “The Department of State is prepared for the earliest contingency, which would be certification Sunday evening,” her chief of staff Ben McKay says. “This will be done publicly regardless of the outcome, which is, of course, unknown at this time.” [Guardian, 11/25/2000] Many Court observers, and some of the justices themselves, are surprised that the case is being heard. The Bush petition for certiorari, or for the Court to take the case, comes to Justice Anthony Kennedy, whose task it is to consider emergency motions from Florida, Georgia, and Alabama. Kennedy pushes his colleagues to take the case, arguing that the Court is the true and ultimate arbiter of such matters, though he concedes that the Bush petition is legally questionable. The Court’s conservative bloc—Antonin Scalia, Clarence Thomas, Sandra Day O’Connor (see After 7:50 p.m. November 7, 2000), and Chief Justice William Rehnquist—agree to hear the case. (Court rules mandate that the consent of four justices, not a majority, is enough to hear a case.) The case is to be expedited in a way far different from the usual sedately paced Court proceedings. The sudden urgency has Court clerks scrambling to change their Thanksgiving plans and contacting the justices they work for. The clerks for the four liberal justices, David Souter, John Paul Stevens, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, and Stephen Breyer, are dismayed by the entire situation. “We changed our minds every five minutes about whether the fix was in,” one clerk later recalls. The liberal clerks find it almost impossible to believe that any Court justice would consider interceding in what is by constitutional definition an executive and legislative matter. Justice Stevens is not convinced of his conservative colleagues’ restraint, and begins drafting a dissent from what he fears will be a majority opinion granting Bush the election. The early draft focuses on the reasons why the Court should have never accepted the case. [Vanity Fair, 10/2004] Entity Tags: Florida Supreme Court, David Souter, Ben McKay, Antonin Scalia, Anthony Kennedy, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., William Rehnquist, US Supreme Court, Stephen Breyer, Sandra Day O’Connor, Ron Klain, Clarence Thomas, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Katherine Harris, George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, George W. Bush, John Paul Stevens Category Tags: Legal action, Political strategies, US Supreme Court intervention, Florida 3:30 a.m. November 22, 2000: Cheney Suffers Heart Attack Republican vice-presidential candidate Dick Cheney is rushed to the hospital with chest pains. The press later reports that Cheney has suffered a “very slight” heart attack. Doctors operate and insert a stent in one of his arteries. He will be released from the hospital on November 24. [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000; Leip, 2008] Entity Tags: Richard (“Dick”) Cheney 9:00 a.m. and after, November 22, 2000: Florida County Halts Manual Recounts; Election Board Proceedings Disrupted by ‘Brooks Brothers Riot’ A photograph of the Republican operatives mobbing the Miami-Dade elections offices. Those identified in the photograph include Thomas Pyle, Garry Malphrus, Rory Cooper, Kevin Smith, Steven Brady, Matt Schlapp, Roger Morse, Duane Gibson, Chuck Royal, and Layna McConkey. [Source: Pensito Review]Miami-Dade County election officials vote unanimously to halt the county’s manual recount of presidential ballots (see November 7, 2000 and Before 10:00 a.m. November 19, 2000), saying the county does not have enough time to complete its recount by the November 26 deadline. Instead, they vote to recount only 10,750 “undervotes,” ballots that don’t clearly indicate a presidential choice. The decision costs Democratic candidate Al Gore a 157-vote gain from the halted recount process. That evening, a Florida State appeals court denies a motion by Democrats to force Miami-Dade County to restart the manual recount. [US News and World Report, 12/13/2000; Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, 12/17/2000; Leip, 2008] Opposing Beliefs - The next day, the Florida Supreme Court will also refuse to order Miami-Dade to restart the recount (see 2:45 p.m. November 23, 2000). Press reports say that the decision “dramatically reverse[s] the chances of Al Gore gathering enough votes to defeat George W. Bush.” Gore’s senior campaign advisor William Daley calls the recounts “mandatory” and calls for “the rule of law” to be upheld. For his part, Bush says: “I believe Secretary Cheney and I won the vote in Florida (see After 3:30 a.m. November 8, 2000). And I believe some are determined to keep counting in an effort to change the legitimate result.” In light of the Miami-Dade decision, the Bush campaign’s chief legal advisor James Baker invites the Republican-controlled Florida Legislature to unilaterally declare Bush the victor, saying, “One should not now be surprised if the Florida legislature seeks to affirm the original rules.” Agitators Disrupt Recount Proceedings - The recount proceedings are disrupted and ultimately ended by a mob of Republicans, some local and some bussed and flown in from Washington by the Bush campaign. The agitators are protesting outside the Miami-Dade County election offices, shouting and attempting to interfere with the proceedings of the canvassing board. Republicans have accused a Democratic lawyer of stealing a ballot. [Guardian, 11/23/2000; Guardian, 11/25/2000] Rioters Made Up of Republican Staffers, Others - Democrats accuse Republican protesters of intimidating the Miami-Dade County officials into stopping the recount. Democratic vice-presidential candidate Joe Lieberman says the demonstrations in Miami have been orchestrated by Republicans “to intimidate and to prevent a simple count of votes from going forward.” Six Democratic members of the US Congress demand the Justice Department investigate the claims, saying that civil rights have been violated in “a shocking case of undermining the right to vote through intimidation and threats of violence.” Jenny Backus, a spokeswoman for the Democratic National Committee (DNC), says, “The Republicans are out of control,” and accuses them of using paid agitators to “create mob rule in Miami.” [Guardian, 11/25/2000] Later investigations show that the “spontaneous protests” by Republican protesters were far more orchestrated and violent than generally reported by the press at the time. Investigative journalist Robert Parry will write that the protests, called the “Brooks Brothers Riot” because of the wealthy, “preppie” makeup of the “protesters,” helped stop the recount, “and showed how far Bush’s supporters were ready to go to put their man in the White House.” He will write that the protests should be more accurately termed a riot. At least six of the rioters were paid by the Bush recount committee, payments documented in Bush committee records only released to the IRS in July 2002 (see July 15, 2002). Twelve Republican staffers will later be identified in photographs of the rioters. The six who can be confirmed as being paid are: Bush staffer Matt Schlapp from Austin, Texas; Thomas Pyle, a staff aide to House Majority Whip Tom DeLay (R-TX); DeLay fundraiser Michael Murphy; Garry Malphrus, House majority chief counsel to the House Judiciary Subcommittee on Criminal Justice; Charles Royal, a legislative aide to Representative Jim DeMint (R-SC); and former Republican House staffer Kevin Smith. Another Republican is identified as Doug Heye, a staffer for Representative Richard Pombo (R-CA). At least three of the rioters—Schlapp, Malphrus, and Joel Kaplan—will later join the Bush White House. Many of the rioters were brought in on planes and buses from Washington as early as mid-November, with promises of expenses payments. On November 18, 2000, the Bush campaign told activists, “We now need to send reinforcements” to rush to Florida. “The campaign will pay airfare and hotel expenses for people willing to go.” Many of the respondents are low-level Republican staffers from Congress. “These reinforcements… added an angrier tone to the dueling street protests already underway between supporters of Bush and Gore,” Parry will write. Quoting ABC reporter Jake Tapper, Parry will write, “The new wave of Republican activists injected ‘venom and volatility into an already edgy situation.’” Signifying the tone, before the Miami riot, Brad Blakeman, Bush’s campaign director of advance travel logistics, screamed down a CNN correspondent attempting to interview a Democratic Congressman: “This is the new Republican Party, sir! We’re not going to take it anymore!” [Consortium News, 11/27/2000; Consortium News, 8/5/2002; Vanity Fair, 10/2004] Some of the local protesters are summoned to the Miami-Dade electoral offices by angry broadcasts over radio stations with largely Cuban-American audiences; over these radio stations, listeners hear Bush campaign lawyer Roger Stone, coordinating the radio response, say that the recounts intend to disenfranchise Hispanic voters. Republican operatives coordinate the protests by shouting orders through megaphones. [Consortium News, 11/24/2000; Center for American Progress, 12/9/2010] Cuban-Americans voted heavily for Bush in the November 7 election. [Tapper, 3/2001] Details of the Riot; Staffers Assaulted and Beaten - After learning that the Miami-Dade County canvassing board was beginning to examine 10,750 disputed ballots that had not previously been counted, US Representative John Sweeney (R-NY) issues the order to “Shut it down!” (Sweeney is coordinating his efforts with a local Cuban congressman who himself is coordinating the Cuban-American mob response.) Brendan Quinn, the executive director of the New York Republican Party, tells some two dozen Republican operatives outside the Miami-Dade County election offices to storm the room on the 19th floor where the canvassing board is meeting. Tapper later writes: “Emotional and angry, they immediately make their way outside the larger room in which the tabulating room is contained. The mass of ‘angry voters’ on the 19th floor swells to maybe 80 people,” including many of the Republican activists from outside Florida, and joined by local protesters. As news organizations videotape the scene, the protesters reach the board offices and begin shouting slogans such as “Stop the count! Stop the fraud!” “Three Blind Mice!” and “Fraud, fraud, fraud!” and banging on doors and walls. The protesters also shout that a thousand potentially violent Cuban-Americans are on the way. Official observers and reporters are unable to force their way through the shouting crowd of Republican operatives and their cohorts. Miami-Dade spokesman Mayco Villafena is physically assaulted, being pushed and shoved by an unknown number of assailants. Security officials, badly outmanned, fear the confrontation will swell into a full-scale riot. Miami-Dade elections supervisor David Leahy orders the recounts stopped, saying, “Until the demonstration stops, nobody can do anything.” (Although board members will later insist that they were not intimidated into stopping, the recounts will never begin again. Leahy will later say: “This was perceived as not being an open and fair process. That weighed heavy on our minds.”) Meanwhile, unaware of the rioting, county Democratic chairman Joe Geller stops at another office in search of a sample ballot. He wants to prove his theory that some voters had intended to vote for Gore, but instead marked an adjoining number indicating no choice. He finds one and leaves the office. Some of the rioters spot Geller with the sample ballot, and one shouts, “This guy’s got a ballot!” Tapper will later write: “The masses swarm around him, yelling, getting in his face, pushing him, grabbing him. ‘Arrest him!’ they cry. ‘Arrest him!’ With the help of a diminutive DNC [Democratic National Committee] aide, Luis Rosero, and the political director of the Miami Gore campaign, Joe Fraga, Geller manages to wrench himself into the elevator.” Rosero stays behind to attempt to talk with a reporter, and instead is kicked and punched by rioters. A woman shoves Rosero into a much larger man in what Tapper will later theorize was an attempt to start a fight between Rosero and the other person. In the building lobby, some 50 Republican protesters and activists swarm Geller, surrounding him. Police escort Geller back to the 19th floor in both an attempt to save him from harm and to ascertain what is happening. The crowd attempts to pull Geller away from the police. Some of the protesters even accost 73-year-old Representative Carrie Meek (D-FL). Democratic operatives decide to leave the area completely. When the mob learns that the recounts have been terminated, they break forth in lusty cheers. After-Party - After the riots, the Bush campaign pays $35,501.52 for a celebration at Fort Lauderdale’s Hyatt Regency, where the rioters and campaign officials party, enjoy free food and drink, receive congratulatory calls from Bush and Dick Cheney, and are serenaded by Las Vegas crooner Wayne Newton, singing “Danke Schoen,” German for “thank you very much.” Other expenses at the party include lighting, sound system, and even costumes. Media Reportage - Bush and his campaign officials say little publicly about the riot. Some press outlets report the details behind the riots. The Washington Post later reports that “even as the Bush campaign and the Republicans portray themselves as above the fray,” national Republicans actually had joined in and helped finance the riot. The Wall Street Journal tells readers that Bush offered personal words of encouragement to the rioters after the melee, writing, “The night’s highlight was a conference call from Mr. Bush and running mate Dick Cheney, which included joking reference by both running mates to the incident in Miami, two [Republican] staffers in attendance say.” The Journal also observes that the riot was led by national Republican operatives “on all expense-paid trips, courtesy of the Bush campaign.” And, the Journal will note, the rioters went on to attempt to disrupt the recounts in Broward County, but failed there to stop the proceedings. The Journal will write that “behind the rowdy rallies in South Florida this past weekend was a well-organized effort by Republican operatives to entice supporters to South Florida,” with DeLay’s Capitol Hill office taking charge of the recruitment. No similar effort was made by the Gore campaign, the Journal will note: “This has allowed the Republicans to quickly gain the upper hand, protest-wise.” And the Journal will write that the Bush campaign worked to keep its distance from the riots: “Staffers who joined the effort say there has been an air of mystery to the operation. ‘To tell you the truth, nobody knows who is calling the shots,’ says one aide. Many nights, often very late, a memo is slipped underneath the hotel-room doors outlining coming events.” But soon, media reports begin echoing Bush campaign talking points, which call the “protests” “fitting, proper,” and the fault of the canvassing board: “The board made a series of bad decisions and the reaction to it was inevitable and well justified.” The Bush campaign says the mob attack on the elections office was justified because civil rights leader Jesse Jackson had led peaceful, non-violent protests in favor of the recounts in Miami the day before. The campaign also insists that the protests were spontaneous and made up entirely of local citizens. On November 26, Governor Marc Racicot (R-MT), a Bush campaign spokesman, will tell NBC viewers: “Clearly there are Americans on both sides of these issues reflecting very strong viewpoints. But to suggest that somehow this was a threatening situation, in my view, is hyperbolic rhetoric.” Effect of the Riot - According to Parry, the riot, broadcast live on CNN and other networks, “marked a turning point in the recount battle. At the time, Bush clung to a lead that had dwindled to several hundred votes and Gore was pressing for recounts (see November 20-21, 2000). The riot in Miami and the prospects of spreading violence were among the arguments later cited by defenders of the 5-to-4 US Supreme Court ruling (see 9:54 p.m. December 12, 2000)… that stopped a statewide Florida recount and handed Bush the presidency. Backed by the $13.8 million war chest, the Bush operation made clear in Miami and in other protests that it was ready to kick up plenty of political dust if it didn’t get its way.” In the hours after the riot, conservative pundits led by Rush Limbaugh will engage in orchestrated assaults on the recount process as fraudulent and an attempt by the Gore campaign to “invent” votes. No one is ever charged with any criminal behaviors as a result of the riot. [Consortium News, 11/24/2000; Washington Post, 11/27/2000; Village Voice, 12/19/2000; Consortium News, 8/5/2002; Vanity Fair, 10/2004; Center for American Progress, 12/9/2010] Entity Tags: County of Miami-Dade (Florida), Tom DeLay, Charles Royal, Rush Limbaugh, Roger Stone, Robert Parry, Richard Pombo, Wall Street Journal, Washington Post, Wayne Newton, William Daley, Albert Arnold (“Al”) Gore, Jr., Brad Blakeman, Brendan Quinn, CNN, Carrie Meek, Richard (“Dick”) Cheney, William Michael (“Bill”) Daley, County of Broward (Florida), Michael Murphy, Thomas Pyle, Matt Schlapp, George W. Bush presidential campaign 2000, David Leahy, Democratic National Committee, Doug Heye, Florida Supreme Court, Mayco Villafena, George W. Bush, Garry Malphrus, James A. Baker, Jake Tapper, Jim DeMint, Kevin Smith, Luis Rosero, Marc Racicot, Jenny Backus, Joseph Lieberman, Joe Geller, Joe Fraga, Joel Kaplan, John J. Sweeney Category Tags: Political strategies, Recounts, Voter intimidation and harassment, Key Events, Media Coverage, Florida Election themes Absentee votes (12)Diebold (2)Electronic voting (2)Exit polls (6)Florida Legislation intervention (7)Irregularities (8)Legal action (62)Long lines (2)Optically scanned votes (2)Other (4)Political strategies (64)Punch-card voting machines (14)Recounts (64)Resource allocation (5)US Supreme Court intervention (16)Voter intimidation and harassment (7)Voter registration issues (7) Key Events (40) Florida (136)Georgia (0)Indiana (0)Nebraska (0)Nevada (0)New Hampshire (0)New Mexico (2)North Carolina (0)Ohio (0)Oregon (1)Other (5)	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729371
__label__cc	0.733136	0.266864	A Disruptive Borderless God October 30, 2018 / Ashley Dellagiacoma The Sacred Story comes from 1 Kings 5:1-5; 8:1-13 - a story of King Solomon’s misguided construction of a fabulous temple cage for God. Read the full story here. We just celebrated my daughter’s 7th birthday yesterday. We…ok, I…envisioned this epic Double Dare theme. I thought I could keep things simple and unfussy but still special. Preparations definitely started out that way, but then I remembered that given the opportunity I will fuss and fluff as much as there is time. So I scoured pinterest for activities and décor ideas, I ordered safety goggles for every single child to protect them from the buckets of slime I now had recipes for. Somehow our “simple celebration” required my husband and I to stay up late making a giant paper mache nose. On the big day I got her flowers and filled her bed with balloons, because I do want her to know that this day is special and I want her to feel honored and cherished. And I think she did experience that through all the fanfare and fun. But our love for her is reflected best…not by lavish gifts or on a single special occasion, but in the daily minutia of living in love. She experiences my love even more profoundly when I put down my phone, look her in the eye, and listen to the drama of her day as we build legos together. Our relationship is honored and nourished when she gets to tell me about her friends, the people that she loves, when she gets to show me her discoveries, and we all get to spend quality time together. King Solomon builds this grand temple which God is indeed worthy of, but misses the mark because he does so at the expense of real people and real relationship. In between these chapters we know the Solomon uses oppressive labor practices that are eerily similar to the Israelites bondage in Egypt. The stunning temple is built on the backs of the underpaid working poor, and the priests and elders get all the glory in the end. While he makes a big show, Solomon stops really listening to God. We hear Solomon proclaim, “The Lord has said that he would dwell in thick darkness. 13 I have built you an exalted house, a place for you to dwell in forever.” It’s as if Solomon thinks he has outdone God by finding a way to contain the uncontainable, the silver bullet for the divine, for with Solomon all things are possible. His motives are warped into an aim of making God proud, and he at least subconsciously holds the expectation that building a glorious temple would give him a bit of an edge in the market on God. Still, the Lord’s presence amidst the dark clouds re-asserts divine freedom, especially against the temptation to idolatry, which is another word for the human attempt to limit divine freedom and manage divine access. God’s glory disrupts all activity in the temple because God cannot be housed by it, cannot truly live in it, nor be contained by it, let alone forever. God extends beyond these walls to inhabit the amorphous and unstructured, uncontainable cloud.” It’s a lesson that apparently we never quite learn. When the Lord our God gave the Church rest on every side, we set our sights on rebuilding St.Peter’s Basilica in Rome into the stunning structure it is today. I have walked the sacred halls of that place for myself and was indeed more inspired than I ever thought I would be. But the oppressive cost of grandeur was again born by the most vulnerable. The temple would be financed, at least in part, by the sale of forgiveness which most affected the poor. Construction began in 1506, and by 1517…tensions bubbled over. 501 years ago Martin Luther took a hammer and nail to the pretty temple doors in Wittenburg and posted his 95 Theses – 95 statements of faith, a list of 95 ways in which the church had deviated from its call to be a carrier of the Gospel and must now return to its true self, to re-focus the church on God. In these statements, Luther reminds us of the limitations of people and priests to proffer salvation and lifts up the limitless grace of God. Essentially Luther claims that no one can buy or sell forgiveness, no gold can achieve salvation, no grandeur can fully capture God, no one has a corner on the God market, and thus no human being can be denied direct access to the divine. This is true especially, ESPECIALLY as the means of grace are exploited and abused at the victimization of the most vulnerable, the poor. At its heart, the Reformation speaks against a containable and compartmentalized God and thus a compartmentalized faith. God is boundless, borderless, and so is our way of being in God. God’s loves for us extends to our whole selves and so we are wrapped up in a love, a faith that isn’t only on paper, not just in our heads, or only when we step inside a church building…it is how we live and move and have our being. How do the people around us know that God loves them? that the church wants to be a part of that love? Perhaps more than great music, big programs, or even dynamic preaching… is the day in and day out relationships. Perhaps this holy love is best seen and experienced when we are thoughtful about our words and actions - how they might spread violence or support dignity. God’s promise of love for the world is revealed as true when speak up for even those who we disagree with politically. Divine love is known when people stand up for each other across race, and nationality, and religion. Without an awareness of this kind of love were are a clanging symbols, noisy gongs, desperate for the attention of the world and of God, but missing it all around us. If we are silent about this kind of love in the face of hurtful words, even ones we brush off as not a big deal to us, then we become a part of the same temple built on the suffering of the vulnerable. From the splendor of Solomon in the Old Testament, to the temple veil being torn in two at Jesus’ crucifixion, to the affluence of the European Renaissance, and into our own time… God invites us to imagine that the temple is not the building, but Christ. Place matters, but it is not our center. God is our center. The kingdom of God is not brick, but embodied. We can be a part of building a house for the lord our God, but it is built not of stone, but of people. God dwells not only among pillars or tablets, but in us and around us. Many church buildings look like fortresses, but the true stronghold resides not within walls, but in God. Our relationship with God in honored and nurtured by grace, not grandeur. God’s love is experienced not just on special occasions but in the day to day realities of life. The Reformation isn’t only a moment in history, but an ongoing movement that continues to shape us. We are a resurrection people. Our identity is rooted in allowing the old things to pass away and in being made new every single day. It’s who we are. It’s how we are. Because of God. Because of Christ. Luther felt compelled to speak up when it seemed as though the people of God placed all their eternal hopes on the Pope and on paper rather than the Gospel. For Luther, the way to re-center the church on Christ was to value scripture over tradition, faith over works, and grace over merit. We still miss the mark. We forget our true foundation. What do we need to do to re-align ourselves again with Jesus? As individuals and as a church. It won’t ultimately save us, and it won’t give us the corner on the God-market, but perhaps it will reveal the ways in which the limitless love and pervasive presence of God dwells among us. What do you want, God? Queen Bathsheba Too	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729377
__label__wiki	0.990776	0.990776	Stansfeld boss Lloyd Bradley retires at the age of 59: Ater speaking to the chairman on my return from holiday it was agreed that I would stand down and make way for someone younger STANSFELD manager Lloyd Bradley says he’s hanging up his tracksuit at the age of 59. Bradley guided Eltham Palace to a bottom five finish in the Southern Counties East Football League First Division last season and the club will revert to Stansfeld FC next season as Eltham Palace sink into the history books. “It is with great sadness that I part company with Stansfeld O&B FC by mutual consent,” said Bradley. “I have thoroughly enjoyed my four years with the club and made some very good friends both on and off the pitch. “I am pleased to say that I achieved everything that I promised at the start of my reign at the club, after being asked by club chairman Ian Rooney to try to bring the club out of the downward spiral it found itself in after previous manager Tony Saunders decided to resign. “I am very proud that I not only reversed the clubs fortunes, but helped to add to Stansfeld’s rich history. “In my first season, we reached the Semi-Finals of both the Inter-Regional League Cup and Kent Intermediate Shield, as well as a top-five finish in the Kent County Premier Division. “In my second season, we again reached the Semi-Final of the Kent Intermediate Shield, but went one better in winning the Inter-Regional League Cup and also finished as runners-up to a very good Metrogas side in the Kent County Premier Division. “Season three was my most successful winning more silverware. We not only finally made it to the Final of the Kent Intermediate Shield, we won it in fine style with a 4-0 hammering of our great rivals Metrogas. We had further success when we beat Kent Invicta side Seven Acre & Sidcup 2-0 in the Hospital Charity A Cup. “We also again had a top-five finish in the Kent County Premier Division.” Last season, meanwhile, was a confusing one. Eltham Palace kept their name in the Southern Counties East Football League First Division but really it was Stansfeld Oxford & Bermondsey Club playing their fixtures with Bradley their manager but the team wearing Eltham Palace’s kit and players arriving in Stansfeld’s tracksuits. Stansfeld agreed a groundshare deal with Glebe FC and this remains in place for next season. Next season the name of Stansfeld FC will be in fixture lists and league tables in Step Six. “Last season was by far my toughest and it was well documented some of the problems we had as a team throughout the season and personally have never known a season like it,” admitted Bradley. “I was never able to pick the same XI players for two games on the bounce, so in the end it was a tremendous achievement that we finished 21 points clear of bottom placed Lewisham Borough and we were even 10 points clear of third-from-bottom Meridian VP, so we were never in any trouble with regards to relegation. “Although the committee only set us a target of survival, we set ourselves a goal of finishing tenth, but unfortunately our poor start to the season meant we came up five points short of that target and the record of 14 wins, 16 draws and 24 losses is certainly not the worst set of results for a first season at a higher level. “The icing on the cake came with us retaining the Hospital Charity A Cup with a comfortable 2-0 victory over League opponents Phoenix Sports Reserves in the Final.” Bradley has returned from a holiday and has discussed his future with chairman Ian Rooney and the pair have decided to part company by mutual consent. Bradley said: “I have just returned from two weeks holiday and was initially really looking forward to the coming season and I had a lot of new ideas of how to improve things. “Next year was to be my last season before retiring, then hopefully I would have joined the ranks of the committee in some role. “I was particularly looking forward to playing under the Stansfeld banner again, especially after the difficulties and confusion of playing as Eltham Palace last season. “And the prospect of managing in The FA Cup and FA Vase again really excited me. “But after speaking to the chairman on my return from holiday it was agreed that I would stand down and make way for someone younger. “I would really like to thank all the players that played for me during my time at the club, also the manager’s, coaches and assistants, without who’s help I could not have achieved anything. “I would very much like to thank all the clubs supporters, who have always been brilliant to me from day one and also a thank you to the clubs very generous sponsors. Finally, I would like to thank the Stansfeld committee for their help and support in my four seasons at the club. “My biggest thanks of all must go to club secretary Colin Lush. Lushy is the best secretary I have ever worked for and with. He has been a massive help to me personally during my time at the club. Nothing is too much for him and he is a major reason for any success the club has. It has been an absolute pleasure working with him and I am convinced he could easily do a job at a much higher status club, as he is so dedicated, efficient and professional. The club would be lost without him. “I will really miss everyone at the club but I will do my best to take in some of the games and catch up with everybody. But previous managers tend to stink the place up and often add unnecessary pressure on the new manager. “I am really proud of my achievements at the club, four trophies, three Semi-Finals, two top-five finishes and a runners-up in the League is a pretty impressive haul in the four seasons I was there. “I leave the club in great shape, having set up the club website, suggested Twitter and 100 Club, established a good relationship with the local paper in Bermondsey and formed a great partnership with local photographer Andy Clay, whose superb images now adorn the club and League websites as well as appearing with credits in the local paper. “It is a shame it ended like this, as I would have loved to continue raising the club’s profile but I wish the club every success in the future and send my very best wishes to everybody for the new season. “I have no plans to start again anywhere else and I will now be officially hanging up my tracksuit.”	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729379
__label__wiki	0.789535	0.789535	Pork \| KTIC Radio Tag Archives: Pork Expanding U.S. export markets is vital to the success of American pork producers, but trade disputes with some of our top markets, most notably China, are hampering growth and have caused severe financial harm to U.S. hog farmers, National Pork Producers Council Vice President and Counsel of Global Government Affairs Nick Giordano said today at a Global Business Dialogue event in Washington, D.C. “Mostly because of free trade agreements, the United States is the leading global exporter of pork. As a result, U.S. pork is an attractive candidate for trade retaliation. America’s hog farmers – and many other sectors of U.S. agriculture – have been at the tip of the trade retaliation spear for more than a year,” Giordano explained to the briefing at the National Press Club. While Mexico’s 20 percent retaliatory tariff on U.S. pork was recently lifted, America’s producers still face a stifling 62 percent tariff into China. There are enormous trade opportunities with China, especially to help offset reduced domestic production due to African swine fever (ASF), a pig-only disease with no vaccine treatment that poses no human health or food safety risks, but that is almost always fatal for hogs, Giordano noted. ASF has spread to every province in China, other parts of Asia and in Europe. Giordano said NPPC is working with the U.S. Department of Agriculture and Customs and Border Protection to strengthen biosecurity at our borders and on our farms to prevent its spread to the United States. “We have always known that China holds more potential than any market in the world for increased U.S. pork sales. But, today, because of African swine fever, that potential is off the charts, offering the single greatest sales opportunity in our industry’s history,” said Giordano. “China needs reliable suppliers of pork now, and likely, well into the future. The question U.S. hog farmers are asking: ‘Will we get the main course, or will we get the crumbs off the table?'” “For most of the last year, the U.S. pork industry has the dubious distinction of being on three retaliation lists: China and Mexico related to U.S. actions under Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962 and China in response to U.S. tariffs imposed under Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974,” Giordano said. Last year, Mexico was the industry’s largest volume market and China was the third top market by volume, although punitive tariffs imposed by those two countries have cost U.S. pork producers $2.5 billion over the last year. “U.S. pork production costs are among the lowest in the world with safety and quality that are second to none. But for the retaliatory duties, the United States would be in a perfect position to take advantage of this massive import surge in the world’s largest pork-consuming nation and single handedly put a huge dent in the U.S. trade imbalance with China,” Giordano said. Instead, Chinese pork buyers are reaching out to those in Europe, Canada and Brazil for supplies. “What should have been a time of enormous prosperity and growth for U.S. pork producers and their suppliers will instead fuel jobs, profits and rural development for our competitors,” he noted. “U.S. hog farmers understand the challenges faced by this administration in recalibrating U.S. trade policy toward China. The issues are myriad and complex. Moreover, hog farmers appreciate the farmer aid packages that the administration has put forward,” Giordano continued. “However, the China pork tariff needs to be lifted.” Giordano’s full remarks can be read here. ChinaMexicoNational Pork Producers CouncilPorkTrade April exports of U.S. beef and pork were lower than a year ago while U.S. lamb exports continued their upward trend, according to data released by USDA and compiled by the U.S. Meat Export Federation (USMEF). Beef exports totaled 105,241 metric tons (mt) in April, down 5% year-over-year, though export value was down only slightly at $674.2 million. For January through April, exports were 4% below last year’s record pace in volume (412,547 mt) and 1% lower in value ($2.58 billion). On a per-head basis, beef export value per head of fed slaughter averaged $305.61 (down 7% from April 2018). The January-April average was $308.34 per head, down 3% from a year ago. April exports accounted for 12.5% of total U.S. beef production and 10.2% for muscle cuts only, down from 14.1% and 11.3%, respectively, a year ago. For January through April, these ratios were 12.7% and 10.2% (down from 13.4% and 10.8%). Pork exports totaled 216,757 mt in April, down 6% from a year ago, valued at $535.2 million (down 8%). January-April exports were also 6% below last year’s pace in volume (817,025 mt) and were down 12% in value to just over $2 billion. Pork export value averaged $50.58 per head slaughtered in April, down 13% from a year ago but the highest in 10 months. For January through April, export value averaged $47.25 per head, down 15% from the same period last year. April exports accounted for 26.6% of total U.S. pork production and 23.3% for muscle cuts only – down from 29.9% and 25.8%, respectively, in April 2018. January-April exports accounted for 24.9% of total pork production (down from 27.4%) and 21.8% for muscle cuts (down from 23.7%). Beef demand strong in Korea and Taiwan; Japan edges lower South Korea remains the export growth leader for U.S. beef, with April volume up 18% to 22,584 mt. April value surged 22% to $164.3 million, surpassing Japan as the month’s leading value market. January-April exports to Korea were 11% ahead of last year’s record pace in volume (78,757 mt) and climbed 15% higher in value ($578.5 million). U.S. share of Korea’s total beef imports climbed to 47.5%, up a full percentage point from last year. U.S. share of Korea’s chilled beef imports reached 60%. Taiwan is also coming off a record year for U.S. beef exports and posted a strong April at 5,118 mt (up 15% from a year ago) valued at $47.9 million (up 14%). Through April, exports to Taiwan totaled 18,605 mt (up 6%) valued at $165.6 million (down 2%). In Japan, where all of U.S. beef’s major competitors have gained tariff relief in 2019, April exports were down 6% from a year ago in both volume (24,149 mt) and value ($156.8 million). Export volume through April was steady with last year’s pace at 98,296 mt while value increased 2% to $637.2 million. U.S. market share in Japan is still more than 41%, but this is down from nearly 45% in the first four months of 2017. For chilled beef, U.S. share has slipped two percentage points to 47.4%. In April, Japan’s imports from Mexico more than tripled year-over-year and imports also increased from Canada (up 52%), New Zealand (up 41%) and Australia (up 9%) as competitors of U.S. beef benefited from lower tariff rates. “U.S. beef is holding its own in Japan, but the April numbers are telling,” cautioned USMEF President and CEO Dan Halstrom. “With the April 1 rate cut, Australian, Canadian, New Zealand and Mexican beef are now subject to a 26.6% duty while the rate for U.S. beef remains at 38.5%. It is absolutely essential that the U.S. secures an agreement that will level this playing field. U.S. beef’s exceptional growth in Korea is a great example of what’s possible when tariffs are less of an obstacle.” Other January-April highlights for U.S. beef include: Beef exports to Mexico continue to post strong results, especially for muscle cuts. Combined beef/beef variety meat exports through April were 2% below last year’s pace at 76,870 mt, but value increased 9% to $372.4 million. For muscle cuts only, exports to Mexico climbed 8% from a year ago in volume (47,379 mt) and 11% in value ($293.3 million). Strong growth in the Philippines fueled a 20% increase in beef exports to the ASEAN region as volume reached 17,770 mt, valued at $86.9 million (up 6%). Export volume also trended higher to Indonesia and Vietnam. An exceptional performance in the Dominican Republic is fueling a strong year for U.S. beef in the Caribbean. Exports to the Dominican Republic soared 56% above last year’s pace in volume (3,068 mt) and 50% higher in value ($25 million). The Caribbean was up 16% in volume (9,826 mt) and 18% in value ($65.2 million) with exports also trending higher for Jamaica and the Bahamas. Exports to Hong Kong slipped 36% from a year ago in volume (27,825 mt) and were 29% lower in value ($236.6 million). Despite a 25% retaliatory duty, U.S. beef exports to China increased 5% to 2,417 mt, but value was down 15% to $18.2 million as most of the tariff cost was borne by U.S. suppliers. China’s beef imports already eclipsed $2 billion through the first four months of this year, up 54% from last year’s record pace, but the U.S. holds less than 1% of China’s booming beef import market. Exports to Canada were down 15% in volume to 31,070 mt and 14% in value to just under $200 million. Demand has been impacted by larger Canadian beef production in 2019, but elimination of the 10% retaliatory duty on prepared beef products from the U.S. will help exports in this important category rebound. Latin America, Oceania, Taiwan bolster pork exports On May 20, the 20% retaliatory duty on most U.S. pork entering Mexico was removed, as the U.S., Mexico and Canada reached an agreement on steel and aluminum tariffs. This was obviously too late to boost April pork exports to Mexico, which sank 30% from a year ago in volume (54,971 mt) and 29% in value to $94.5 million. For January through April, exports to Mexico were down 18% in volume (232,391 mt) and 29% in value ($356.5 million). “Lifting of Mexico’s retaliatory duties was the most welcome news the U.S. pork industry has received in a long time,” Halstrom said. “Now let’s hope the duty-free access U.S. pork has enjoyed in Mexico since late May isn’t short-lived.” President Trump has proposed a 5% tariff on all goods imported from Mexico unless more steps are taken to curb illegal migration at the U.S.-Mexico border. The tariff would take effect June 10 and increase to 25% by Oct. 1, but negotiations are ongoing and Mexico has not yet announced any retaliatory measures. U.S. pork also faces a significant disadvantage in China, where retaliatory duties remain in effect and competitors are positioning to fill China’s looming African swine fever-driven pork shortfall. January-April exports to China/Hong Kong were 16% below last year’s pace in volume (128,200 mt) and down 32% in value ($242 million). Leading value market Japan has not imposed any new tariffs on U.S. pork but its main competitors (European, Canadian and Mexican pork) have gained tariff relief in 2019. January-April exports of U.S. pork to Japan were down 7% from a year ago in volume (123,166 mt) and fell 9% in value ($493.3 million), as U.S. share of Japan’s total imports fell from 36% last year to 32%. The sharpest decline was in Japan’s imports of U.S. ground seasoned pork, which were down nearly $40 million. January-April highlights for U.S. pork include: A strong performance in mainstay market Colombia and excellent growth in Chile and Peru drove exports to South America 44% above last year’s record pace in volume (57,005 mt) and 42% higher in value ($136.9 million). In Colombia, where USMEF has helped bolster demand for U.S. pork through promotional campaigns, educational seminars and enhanced efforts to overcome technical barriers, exports climbed 25% from a year ago to 37,283 mt valued at $79.6 million (up 17%). Last year, even with domestic production on the rise, the Colombian market took more than $215 million in U.S. pork, more than double the value exported in 2016. Exports to Central America are also coming off a record year in 2018 and climbed 11% in volume (29,321 mt) and 8% in value ($68.3 million), led by growth in Guatemala, Panama and Costa Rica. April exports to Australia were the largest of 2019, pushing January-April volume to 37,979 mt (up 37% from last year’s record pace) valued at $98.6 million (up 21%). Exports to New Zealand are also performing extremely well in 2019, climbing 53% in volume (3,390 mt) and 36% in value ($10.1 million). Oceania is a strong region for U.S. hams used for further processing, which is especially important at a time when ham exports to Mexico and China were being pressured by tariffs. Despite facing ractopamine-related restrictions in Taiwan, exports increased 80% in volume (8,819 mt) and 55% in value ($19.3 million). Exports to Taiwan slumped in 2016 but have been rebounding over the past 2½ years. Momentum continues to grow for U.S. lamb Strong variety meat demand in Mexico and muscle cut growth in the Caribbean, the Middle East and Panama have fueled an upward trend in U.S. lamb exports. April exports totaled 1,227 mt, up 26% from a year ago, while value was up 15% to $2.2 million. For January-April, exports were up 56% year-over-year in volume (5,400 mt) and up 26% in value ($9.1 million). Muscle cut exports were up 17% in volume to 828 mt and climbed 19% in value to $5.4 million. Complete January-April export results for U.S. beef, pork and lamb are available from USMEF’s statistics Web page. Monthly charts for U.S. pork and beef exports are also available online. BeeflambMeatMeat ExportsPorkUS Meat Export FederationUSMEF	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729382
__label__wiki	0.692131	0.692131	Late Gothic Revival Currently showing all landmarks · Only show landmarks with photos Page: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · >> 2nd Baptist Church (Washington, District of Columbia) Academy of Richmond County-1926 Campus (Richmond County, Georgia) Academy of the Sacred Heart (Wayne County, Michigan) Adair Park Historic District (Fulton County, Georgia) Adams Academy (Norfolk County, Massachusetts) Adams Avenue Historic District (Shelby County, Tennessee) Administration Building (Roosevelt County, New Mexico) Advertising Building (St. Louis, Missouri) Alban Towers Apartment Building (Washington, District of Columbia) Aldrich, Nathan C., House and Resthaven Chapel (Worcester County, Massachusetts) All Saints Church at Monie (Somerset County, Maryland) All Saints Episcopal Church (Calcasieu Parish, Louisiana) All Saints Episcopal Church (Orange County, Florida) All Saints' Church (Suffolk County, Massachusetts) All Soul's Chapel (Androscoggin County, Maine) All Souls Church (Pulaski County, Arkansas) All Souls Church (Greene County, New York) All Souls Congregational Church (Penobscot County, Maine) All Souls Universalist Church (Riverside County, California) Allen Chapel AME Church (Tarrant County, Texas) Allen Memorial Presbyterian Church (Jackson County, Texas) Alnwick Hall (Morris County, New Jersey) Aloha Tower (Honolulu County, Hawaii) Amanda K. 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Deutsche Evangelisch Lutherische Zion Kirche (Seward County, Nebraska) Dickmann Building (St. Louis, Missouri) Doctors' Building (Hamilton County, Ohio) Dodson Avenue Methodist Episcopal Church (Sebastian County, Arkansas) Downtown Danville Historic District (Danville, Virginia) Downtown Oakland Historic District (Alameda County, California) Dr. E. B. Pickel Rental House (Jackson County, Oregon) Dr. John W. Messick House and Office (Sussex County, Delaware) Dr. Joseph M. Bynum House (Alcorn County, Mississippi) This page's URL is http://landmarkhunter.com/tag/5056-late-gothic-revival/	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729383
__label__wiki	0.939553	0.939553	Developer pulls plug on Key Food plan The space where developers were planning to open a Key Food, at 1764 Grand Ave., has been empty for more than a year. It’s absolutely detrimental to the Baldwin community whenever a large anchor tenant withdraws their development or leasing plans.” Erik Mahler, Chamber president While residents have been vocal about the need for a supermarket in North Baldwin, a developer pulled out of plans to open a Key Food where Pathmark used to be. The space, at 1764 Grand Ave., which has been empty for more than a year, is zoned as a commercial property and spans roughly 171,000 square feet. Town of Hempstead officials said the developer of the proposed supermarket filed an application in August 2018 to renovate the interior and convert the old Pathmark into a Key Food. The application was approved, and the town issued a permit a month later. The developer, Pick Quick Baldwin LLC, had fulfilled all of the requirements to make the renovations and open the store. But on behalf of the developers, the architect for the site told the town recently that the company would not move forward with the opening because of “economics and a change in the business model,” town spokesman Mike Fricchione said. “It was very disappointing to hear that the anticipated opening of a Key Food in Baldwin will not be going forward,” Hempstead Town Supervisor Laura Gillen and Councilwoman Erin King Sweeney wrote in a joint statement. “We are committed to economic development in Baldwin, and remain focused on moving quickly with the overlay zone project, and doing all we can to revitalize downtown Baldwin and remove any roadblocks that prevent developers from investing in the area.” Residents and town officials alike have discussed the proposed revitalization of Grand Avenue and other areas of Baldwin. The Town Board’s plan would rezone parts of Grand Avenue, and roads such as Sunrise Highway and Merrick Road, to allow for new buildings, with retail on the ground floor and apartments on the upper ones, to be constructed without the need for variances from the town’s Board of Appeals. In the past, required approvals have caused developments to fall through and hindered attempts to revive the downtown area. Similar efforts, officials said, have succeeded in the Village of Farmingdale and downtown Patchogue, both of which now have bustling main streets. Officials said the initiatives to attract new businesses to the area have failed in recent years — in a downtown that has suffered economically for decades. The overlay zone aims to address the previous redevelopment challenges. King Sweeney, a Wantagh Republican, announced the formation of the Blue Ribbon Panel on Rethinking Building and Zoning Codes last week. The panel was formed, officials said in a news release, in response to recent reports that New York state and Long Island have experienced an “exodus” of young people who are seeking more affordable housing elsewhere. The panel was scheduled to meet on Monday, according to Gillen and King Sweeney. “The goal of the panel is to address the immediate need to modernize the town’s approach to zoning and building codes and to better serve our residents,” they said in the statement. Additionally, King Sweeney was set to join the Baldwin Civic Association in hosting a Baldwin Community Town Hall on Monday at Baldwin Park, at 3232 South Grand Ave., although town officials were unsure what was to be discussed as the Herald went to press on Monday. Gillen will also host a Community Town Hall at the Baldwin Public Library, 2385 Grand Ave., on June 25 at 7 p.m., so residents can learn how the town is working to improve the local neighborhood. The presentation will include updates on several key initiatives, including road and infrastructure projects, economic development, environmental protection, quality of life and town services, officials said in a news release. “It’s absolutely detrimental to the Baldwin community whenever a large anchor tenant withdraws their development or leasing plans,” said Erik Mahler, Baldwin Chamber of Commerce president. Residents took to social media to share their concerns, including asking where they will shop for groceries. “Why purchase that property and pretend to build a Key Food only to stop the project just short of completion?” asked local resident Kathleen Desio. “Where are people up north going to shop?” The developer did not immediately return a call requesting comment. Anthony O’Reilly contributed to this story.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729385
__label__wiki	0.590901	0.590901	Joliet gas station plan advances The apartment building at 411 Jackson Street on Thursday, Sept. 20, 2018, in Joliet, Ill. Plans are moving ahead for a Thorntons gas station at Collins and Jackson streets. The Joliet Plan Commission on Thursday gave preliminary approval to a final plat, which will go to the City Council for a final vote. Still unresolved is what to do with an 1851 limestone house on the property. “I don’t think we’re any farther along than we were a week or two ago,” Thomas Osterberger, attorney for the developer, told the commission. City staff is researching the cost of relocating the house or demolishing it while saving some of the limestone for a memorial marker at Collins and Jackson. The gas station would be built on 1.36 acres on the northeast corner. The plans are for a 4,400-square-foot convenience store and fueling for 20 vehicles.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729391
__label__cc	0.729786	0.270214	» All Bands The Baboonz Ska&Punkrock from Bavaria Printable Logo (200 - 300dpi) The Baboonz, 2005 „...Well now we’re back, right back out-o-space Got something for you, no time to waste Some real good music like it should be...“ Ska, 2-Tone, rocksteady, reggae, punk rock... call it whatever you want to. THE BABOONZ just call it ska and punk rock, and that’s just fine. It’s sometimes fast, sometimes slow, sometimes loud, sometimes low, but always highly explosive and politically correct. The band from Bavaria, Germany, is one of the country’s fastest-rising and most promising groups, and is an important part of the new flourishing ska scene in Bavaria. Though founded in 1998, things got serious in 2001 when they completed the following line-up: Simon, guitar; Daniel, guitar; ToBe, bass; Mandal, drums; Waste, vocals; Stephan, saxophone; Tobi, trombone; and Flo, trumpet. Recently, the ensemble was joined by Klaus on organ. THE BABOONZ have played more than 150 shows in Germany, Austria, Czech Republic, Italy, and Switzerland. They shared stages with top acts such as Stingers ATX, Bad Manners, The Busters, Mark Foggo, Hotknives, The Peacocks, Scrapy, Skarface, Loaded, Bluekilla, The Skaliners, Moskovskaya, The Benuts, Tornados, Rollings, The Real McKenzies, Cashless, and many more. At their shows they rock ‘til you drop, and you can see how much fun they have being on stage. Their lyrics show that they view politics as an important part of daily life, taking a stand against fascism, racism, militarism and intolerance. But they’re not just complainers- they know how to throw a cool party as well. In 2001, THE BABOONZ self-released a 6-song EP called „Congratulations.“ This was followed in 2002 with the full-length album „Take Warning,“ released on the German ska/oi!/punk label Mad Butcher Records. In 2005 a split-CD with Venus Hill (NL), Club 99 (I) and The Skatoons (Ger), along with another full-length-album, will be released again on Mad Butcher Records. [address]: Simon Fischer Mitterweg 11 D - 84378 Dietersburg [email]: info@thebaboonz.net Homepage: www.thebaboonz.net Back to bandlisting Date Band additional bands Location	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729392
__label__cc	0.53963	0.46037	Posted on April 12, 2017 March 31, 2017 by MAGNET Staff A Conversation With Rick Wakeman Move past his time as the most grandiose member of prog-rock avatar Yes—the act with whom he’s anointed into the Rock And Roll Hall of Fame this spring—and pianist Rick Wakeman is the soul of subtle sensuality and improvisational classicism who loves deep abiding melody and digs it most when it moves him to complexity. That’s the point of his new solo album, Piano Portraits, a beautiful still-life epic that finds him alone looking back lovingly at his most famous session gigs (David Bowie, Cat Stevens) as well as a hailstorm of traditional British hymns with fire and brimstone. Yeah, he was nearly part of Black Sabbath, and he knows where most of his garish outfits from his wooly mammoth Journey To The Centre Of The Earth solo tour reside. I know you were wearing a cape during 2016’s Anderson, Wakeman And Rabin tour. What did you do with all of the flowy robes from the whole Journey/Henry VII period? They seemed so heavy. There are six classic capes, and I have almost all of them, five really, save for the Journey cape. When you’ve been married four times with three divorces, things just disappear. The cape I dragged out for the AWR tour was one I had made in, oh, 1976, for the No Earthly Connection shows. Then there was a dark blue cape that was pretty new, just 10 years old. So you just have an eye for capes. I do. But they’re hard to take out with you. First off, they’re heavy. You put them in a flight case and no one wants to lift it. Did you just re-record Journey and King Arthur? I did. One of my good friends was Jon Lord (Deep Purple). We were about to record an album together when he was diagnosed with cancer, and within six months, he passed and it never transpired. One thing we discussed before the diagnosis was that he had much music to sort out before it was too late. “When we shuffle off this mortal coil, what we leave is what we’re meant to leave,” he’d say. “So get it right. Tweak them and make them whole.” Two things for me were Journey—recorded live because I didn’t have the money to do it in studio, and King Arthur, which had its original orchestrations missing. With Journey, there were loads of mistakes but the energy was so great—that’s something you never want to correct. Those were the days of vinyl, too, when you could only put so much music on. Journey was nearly twice the length it wound up being when I composed it. Jon told me to make it right, so I did. I heard him saying as much when I did his eulogy. With King Arthur, it was the opposite—I had only 45 minutes of music, but for the 02 2014 Fest, the promoter needed 90 minutes, so I had to pen more music. I have a fest for Arthur coming up in 2018 in the west of England with jousting events and all. It will be mad. Can you joust? I highly doubt it because I’ve only ever been on a horse once, and that was for eight seconds. Then I fell off. Roger Dean still does much of your album art. How do you see his work in your ears, and how does he see your work in his eyes? Ever since I started playing at age five, I had teachers who told me I paint pictures with my playing. Roger has this absolute knack of getting inside your head and finding those pictures. And he won’t ever do it for the money, no matter how much you offer him. He has to see it and feel as passionately as you do. Beyond the notion of selecting tracks, what’s the consideration behind finding songs for a solo piano record such as Piano Portraits? It’s as naked as they come. You’re absolutely right, Number one on my list, a must, is melody. Any variations on music come from strong melodies from the start that you can maneuver around. That’s going back centuries, that, a lovely thing to do—no matter what the length, if you could take a melody and float away in a manner than wasn’t detrimental to the author’s original intent. My style—how I feel and think—then acts as a catalyst for that melody. We’re talking a year to the day that Bowie passed, and you played Mellotron on his Space Oddity album. What was so great about the Mellotron? It had the best, windiest sound, but it was a pig of an instrument—forever breaking down. The tapes would snap, hard to keep it in tune. What I use live is a Memotron, a German instrument that sounds just like a Mellotron, which is desperately important for all of the old Yes tracks that I still do—say, “And You And I.” You do “Life On Mars?” here, and I know its ascending melody on piano has a glorious complexity. Was that rough on you originally? It’s actually quite simple, but David has this knack, like “Wild Eyed Boy From Freecloud” and “Life On Mars?” You’d be going along comfortably with a series of chords, then suddenly when you’ve settled back into your comfy chair, he would do something wild that would make you sit up—totally tangential. He was brilliant at that. Very clever. Are you particularly Christian or patriotic? I ask because your “I Vow To Thee, My Country” is a British hymn with a poem attached to it by Sir Cecil Spring Rice that discusses loyalties to homeland and the kingdom of heaven. I am a Christian with a strong faith, but I can’t stand religion. I find religion has nothing to do with faith these days. Melody again got me. It makes me feel warm by the end of it. At its start, it feels as if you’re taking a deep breath, one you can’t exhale until its end. —A.D. Amorosi CategoriesINTERVIEWS Previous PostPrevious From The Desk Of Jesca Hoop: Sauna And Ice Plunge Next PostNext MP3 At 3PM: The Ferdy Mayne	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729393
__label__wiki	0.508611	0.508611	The body in Greek Christianity Kallistos Ware is a titular metropolitan bishop of the Greek Orthodox Ecumenical Patriarchate. I don't know what that means, but if your innuendo-dar is as sensitive as mine, you'll notice that that's a pleasingly appropriate title. Ware takes a saying of John Climacus – that the body is 'my helper and my enemy' - as typical of an ambivalence towards the body in Greek Christianity. He suggests two reasons for this – one is the doctrine of the Fall which suggests that however good the body was to start with, it's now broken by sin and a cause of temptation. The other is a tension between the 'Hebraic-biblical' tradition which tends to see the human person very holistically, and the 'Hellenic-Platonist' tradition, which, while resisting full-on body/soul dualisms, tends to distinguish between body and soul in its discussions of human nature. Ware also suggests that attitudes to the body were shaped by changes in society. Between 284 and 565 (I assume that's some significant historical period, though I couldn't tell you why), society became increasingly hierarchical and rigid, with social roles more clearly defined, and more hereditary serfdom meaning that peasants in the fields were pretty much stuck with the same bit of land as their fathers, and sons in the city had little choice but to take on the family business. He suggests that this increasing rigidity of society corresponds to increasing rigidity in terms of the rules by which the body and sexual behaviour were controlled. This might be partly to do with the influence of Christianity, but was a shift that begun before Christianity was really influential in the Roman Empire. He outlines the views of various important Greek theologians. Origen thought that souls were created before bodies and were put in bodies as a punishment for earlier sin (let's talk more about Origen some time – he's bonkers), which didn't mean that bodies were bad, necessarily, but did mean that souls didn't need bodies and so the body wasn't seen as intrinsic to human nature. Clement of Alexandria, on the other hand, thinks we can only be saved through the body, and argues that the image of God in humankind is in the fact that by reproducing we get to take part in creation. He says that 'among those who are sanctified, even the seed is holy.' Athanasius, Gregory of Nyssa and Maximus the Confessor, though, think that we only get married and have sex because of the Fall, though Irenaeus and Augustine disagree – Irenaeus thinks that as they grew older, Adam and Eve would've got round to getting it on even without sin, but there just wasn't time between the old making-woman-out-of-a-rib lark and that bad thing they did with the apple (oo er). So, a lot of ambivalent attitudes. Also, from the 3rd century the church started to reinstate Old Testament rules about women being unclean during their period, and it's still common practice in the Orthodox Church to ban women from communion while they're riding the crimson tide. There are also records of men being banned from communion if they had a wet dream the night before (Hi Tom, noticed you didn't go up for communion today, what gives? Well, er...) Also frowned upon is doing the nasty the night before communion, and while you could argue that this is about reverence for the mystery of sex, it contrasts interestingly with rabbinic traditions which see the Sabbath night as the most appropriate time for a bit of how's-your-father. There's also a suspicion of bodies - especially women's - in the monastic tradition from the 4th century, but there's also a lot of reverence for the bodies of the sick and the poor. The ascetic tradition (that's the monks with the fasting, chastity, general self-discipline, and occasionally maggots) is often seen as being pretty negative about the body, and while there's definitely a bit of that, ascetic practice is perhaps better understood as a struggle to discipline the body so that it can be saved rather than because it's bad. Symeon, one of the Desert Fathers, once said, 'my hand is Christ, my foot is Christ, my penis is Christ.' So there. There's also a long tradition of seeing the heart as the centre of the human person. Macarius uses the heart as a symbol for the whole person, and its seen as the place where the intellect is located and where grace enters us. Greek tradition often sees as the heart as the seat of thought, and tend to say that the true fullness of our hearts is hidden even from us. The prayer of the heart is, in the Byzantine tradition, prayer of the whole person, including the body and God's spirit praying within us, so to 'enter' or 'discover' the heart comes to represent the reintegration of our personhood in God. Photo credit: treviño on Flickr Labels: Anthropology, Body, Orthodoxy The body in Greek worship Thomas Aquinas: not a feminist A deafening silence Ernst Troeltsch on Church and Sect Theology and the Humanities Apophatic and cataphatic theology Nemesius on movement according to impulse or choic... Kierkegaard on aesthetic, ethical and religious mo...	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729398
__label__cc	0.676939	0.323061	Grant Deadlines September 25, 2012 Berkshire Taconic Community Foundation along with Citizens Bank and NECN have announced deadlines for grants available to nonprofits. Citizens Bank and NECN said Oct. 5 is the deadline to apply for its 2013 Champions in Action program, which will provide $35,000 and financial and public relations support to each of two nonprofits. Nonprofit organizations focused on initiatives that contribute to the economic vitality of communities, including job training and financial education, are invited to apply for the Champions award to be announced in January 2013. Berkshire Taconic Community Foundation Grant Nonprofit organizations, community organizations, or public agencies that serve the residents of Adams, Cheshire, or Savoy are eligible to submit grant applications to the William J. and Margery S. Barrett Fund for Adams. Last year the fund, an endowment of Berkshire Taconic Community Foundation, distributed $74,763 to eight nonprofits. Last years grants supported a violence prevention program provided by the Elizabeth Freeman Center at the Hoosac Valley High School, the Adams Police Athletic League for youth basketball and programs from the Youth Center, Inc. and Childcare of the Berkshires. This year there priority will be given to programs and projects that enhance early childhood development for children between the ages of 0-6 years. The deadline to apply is Nov. 1. For more information, click here.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729399
__label__cc	0.67293	0.32707	Review - A Wedding in December by Anita Shreve Little, Brown, 2005 May 30th 2006 (Volume 10, Issue 22) A Wedding in December is a novel about marriage and infidelity. A group of seven people in their mid-forties gather together for a wedding. They were all at high school together, apparently an exclusive private institution, Kidd Academy. Bill and Bridget had been a couple back then, but they had split up and married other people. Now they are both single, and Bridget has cancer. They reconnected at the twenty-fifth reunion of their class, and fell in love again. In fact, Bill left his wife and child in order to be with Bridget. The event, on the first weekend in December, is being held at Nora's inn, in the Berkshire Mountains of western Massachusetts. Nora is a widow: she started her new business after her husband, the much older renowned poet Carl Laski killed himself . She describes herself as his "helpmeat," which Harrison, who used to be Nora's boyfriend, finds a puzzling word to describe her marriage. The group is joined by the successful business Jerry, who is arrogant and offensive, with his meek wife, and concert pianist Rob and his partner Josh. The group is rounded out by a writer, Agnes, who is single, childless, and seems very alone. Even during the weekend, she writes her new novel, about a man and his blind wife, and how they came to marry and live in their unhappy union. It is tempting to speculate that Agnes represents Anita Shreve herself, and even if this isn't the case, it is clear that the character of Agnes provides Shreve a way to discuss the creative process and the choices faced by a novelist. Reuniting after twenty-seven years of rarely meeting, these men and women have much to reflect on about how their lives have unfolded and they all have painful secrets. Harrison, living in Toronto with his wife and two children, is the only one of the group with an apparently successful marriage; yet even he wonders what might have been if he had stayed with Nora. Nora holds secrets about her marriage to Carl. Bridget and Bill wish they had had longer together, and worry how much time they will have before she dies. Agnes holds a secret about her sad love life that she wants to tell her old classmates. Jerry is singularly unreflective, but his marriage seems unfulfilling and maybe as a defense, he likes to provoke those around him and tries to prove himself better than his peers. All of them think about their old friend Stephen, a baseball prodigy who died when they were all seniors, but none of them likes to talk about it. Shreve's middle-class heterosexual characters nurse their disappointments about their lives. Each one of them has been unfaithful to a spouse, has been partner to infidelity, or has been cheated on. Only the gay couple Rob and Josh are truly happy together. A Wedding in December is a melancholy novel bordering on the lugubrious. Her pessimism about marriage seems to lead her to suggest that it can only work if the partners are homosexual or if one of them is due to die soon. The theme of the difficulty and challenge of marriage is such a well-worn theme that it is hard to take the novel very seriously, especially since Shreve doesn't have new insights to add. The novel derives its momentum from the gradual revelation of various mysteries about people's lives, such as how Steven died and what roles the different people played in his death. This is enough to make the keep the novel interesting, but by the end, the cumulative effect is unsatisfying. Shreve gestures at some grand ideas, but her characters' muted existences are not gripping, and her self-conscious game with the reader of toying with their fates feels tired well before the end of the book. The unabridged audiobook is read by Linda Emond, whose New England accent is perfect for the task. Her slightly constrained reading fits well with the faux-sophisticated tone of the words, and is accented by the inclusion of music performed by a string quartet at the beginning and end of each CD and between chapters. Christian Perring, Ph.D., is Chair of the Philosophy Department at Dowling College, Long Island, and editor of Metapsychology Online Reviews. His main research is on philosophical issues in medicine, psychiatry and psychology.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729400
__label__cc	0.606422	0.393578	At the heart of Amway is the love of ‘free enterprise’ – an equal-opportunity system in which determination alone is the path to achievement. If you have a dream, Amway says, and you try hard enough to achieve that dream and let nothing stand in your way, then success is guaranteed. That is the promise of what Rich DeVos calls ‘Compassionate Capitalism’ – helping people help themselves. More than 20 million people in the U.S. were involved in direct selling in 2015 – one in six households. Retail sales were estimated at $36.12 billion – a nearly 5 percent increase over 2014[3]. The field has particularly enthusiastic involvement from women and minority groups: More than 77 percent of direct sellers in 2015 were women, and nearly 20 percent Latino[4]. Direct sellers describe work-life balance, networking opportunities and income potential as their chief motivations for staying in the industry. Today, the FTC announced a settlement with Fortune Hi-Tech Marketing (FHTM), a company that operated an illegal pyramid scheme disguised as a multilevel marketing program. Over 350,000 people were scammed out of a total of at least $169 million. The settlement bans FHTM from the multilevel marketing business and from deceiving consumers. FHTM will fork over at least $7.7 million, which will be returned to consumers. This is the worst company on earth DO NOT SIGNUP WITH THEM IT IS A COMPLETE SCAM. When I signed up They offered me supposed free sample value of $150 witch in the end I ended up paying double the price for. So if that’s not bad enough they also signed me up for some LTD crap without my approval or knowledge of doing so which charged me $50 a month after all said and done I tried to call them and they said if I were to cancel they would charge me $150 cancellation fee so to anybody that’s reading this avoid amway at all cost It is your choice whether to submit a comment. If you do, you must create a user name, or we will not post your comment. The Federal Trade Commission Act authorizes this information collection for purposes of managing online comments. Comments and user names are part of the Federal Trade Commission’s (FTC) public records system, and user names also are part of the FTC’s computer user records system. We may routinely use these records as described in the FTC’s Privacy Act system notices. For more information on how the FTC handles information that we collect, please read our privacy policy. I would rather attend training that are proven success from people that I know are reputable. I have attended a meeting with a “mentor” and then the first house meeting. Not for me. I can build big business elsewhere not through this pyramid. First of all I have no problem buy the products from my own store, but they do tell you to get a whole new group of like minded people, which gurus do, that are not on your same agenda. Inspite of it, several new schemes have again mushroomed and they try to target freshers from the software industry by tempting them to spend Rs 5-10K, which is a relatively lesser amount compared to GoldQuest (Rs 35K). So, the next time a friend comes to you and says “Dude, I am working on a part time business for additional income” and talks about such Multi Level Marketing schemes, explain these concepts to him on a piece of paper and advise him also to stay away from such schemes. Losing money is bad, losing friendship is worse and being part of a fraudulent system is the worst.. Disguising the upward flow of fees within a downward flow of commissions definitely has its advantages. One of the decisive factors in the 1979 FTC decision exonerating Amway from allegations of pyramiding was that most of its revenues came from product sales, not from enrollment fees. The assumption is that those sales are based on rational consumer choices—made on the basis of price and quality—and that the money paid into the bonus system is not an extraneous surcharge, but merely the portion other corporations would pour into their marketing budgets. Amway claims, in fact, that it’s able to save even its small time distributors money by avoiding things like pricey mass advertising. These savings are the source of the alleged wholesale 30 percent Basic Discount that every distributor is supposed to enjoy even before the bonuses kick in. Amway's largest selling brand is the Nutrilite range of health supplements (marketed as Nutriway in some countries), and in 2008 Nutrilite sales exceeded $3 billion globally.[42] In 2001, five Nutrilite products were the first dietary supplements to be certified by NSF International.[43] In 2006, 2007, 2008, and 2009 in the nutrient and health food category, Nutrilite won "Platinum" and "Gold" awards in Malaysia, China, Taiwan, Thailand, and Asia overall in the Reader's Digest "Trusted Brands of Asia" survey.[44] In 2008 Nutrilite scientists, in partnership with Alticor subsidiary Interleukin Genetics won the 12th John M. Kinney Award for Nutrition and Metabolism for their research into the interaction between nutrition and genetics.[45] The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), as part of its anti-piracy efforts, sued Amway and several distributors in 1996, alleging that copyrighted music was used on "highly profitable" training videotapes.[145] Amway denied wrongdoing, blaming the case on a misunderstanding by distributors, and settled the case out of court for $9 million.[146] In a related lawsuit initiated by the distributors involved, the Court established that Mahaleel Lee Luster, who had been contracted to make the videotapes, had violated copyright without the knowledge of three of the five of those distributors.[147] All user reviews posted on Best Company are subject to screening and approval. We reserve the right to approve or deny any review posted to this site in accordance with our Review Guidelines. Best Company never suppresses user reviews—unless they are being investigated for authenticity, or if they violate our review guidelines. We encourage anyone who suspects a user review to be fraudulent or intentionally inaccurate to please notify us here. Amway Center is one of the most technologically advanced venues in the world. Inside the building, a unique centerhung installation, manufactured by Daktronics of Brookings, South Dakota, is the tallest in any NBA venue.[19] It maximizes creative programming options by using high resolution, 6mm-pixel technology on each of the 18 displays, including two digital ring displays and four tapered corners. Additional displays include approximately 2,100 feet (640 m) of digital ribbon boards, the largest of which is a 360-degree 1,100 feet (340 m) display surrounding the entire seating bowl. These displays have the ability to display exciting motion graphics and real time content, such as in-game statistics, out-of-town scores, and closed captioning information.[20] Outside the building, a large display utilizes more than 5,000 Daktronics ProPixel LED sticks, each a meter long, which make up a 46 feet (14 m) by 53 feet (16 m) video display. This display will reach millions of motorists traveling by the Amway Center on Interstate 4.[20] In the roughly two hundred pages of Cross’s book, however, there is virtually no discussion of how Amway actually works. Among entire chapters dedicated to Amway’s state-of-the-art manufacturing facilities and its pioneering move onto the World Wide Web, the ‘Amway Distributor Profile,’ its ‘Bootstraps Philosophy,’ and Amway’s foreign expansion strategy, the closest Cross comes to summarizing Amway’s business plan is in this passage: At the time, it seemed like a dead end for a neophyte political candidate. In reality, it was the opening of a new avenue the DeVoses followed to far greater political influence, reshaping Michigan politics and the national Republican scene. “I think that loss really solidified the idea in the DeVoses’ minds that the real way to get what you want is to be behind the scenes,” says Susan Demas, publisher of Inside Michigan Politics. We also were in business in Amway and we DID make money. We worked hard and earned it. BUT, as with any business, especially a direct marketing, we had uplines (the people above us) who were cheats and liars and only wanted money for themselves, not others. They in effect, stopped us at a certain level from making anymore money. We changed to a different group, but by then our dynamic was gone and we couldn't do much. As with any business, NOT just Amway, you have to deal with people. And THAT is the problem. My husband got tired of fighting and not getting anywhere and he quit. I am still in it because, let's face it, the products ARE the BEST. We started sometime around 1986. We met some fantastic people, we had the time of our lives, and it WAS our life. I missed it terribly, and I still miss alot of those people. But through it, we came away with MANY many good things learned, and still do have some very close friends from it. My upline now is my VERY best friend in the world, more like a sister. We are older now and have plenty of money for ourselves, so our interest is not in making money at this point, but simply living our wonderful lives now. If you are out to make money, you CAN do it in Amway. But the right way is the way to do it. Don't cheat, be good to your people, and really believe in what you have and what you can do. A key aspect of the suit is the charge that Amway misleads consumers with false income claims and promises for its “business opportunity.” Pyramid Scheme Alert’s analysis of Amway payouts to distributors shows that more than 99% of all who sign up never earn a profit. When actual costs are factored, including the related “tools” business, some estimates put the loss rates at 99.9%. This 99% loss figure correlates with tax data gathered as early as the 1980s when the state of Wisconsin prosecuted Amway. It was also verified by data gained by federal regulators in England who sued to shut down Amway in that country just several years ago. No one likes doing that. The major problem is that you trying to talk with people who have no interest in what you are offering. You need to learn how to implement an attraction marketing system to ATTRACT the right buyers and business opportunity seekers. These are people that are already currently looking for what you have to offer. So they are more targeted and more likely to join your team or buy products from you. Others Receiving Votes: Kentucky 98; Duke 55; South Florida 45; Colorado 41; South Carolina 40; Iowa 36; Washington State 35; Brigham Young 30; Missouri 21; NC State 19; Appalachian State 13; Syracuse 11; California 11; Utah 10; Cincinnati 10; Texas 9; North Texas 5; Troy 4; Minnesota 3; San Diego State 3; Florida 3; Arizona State 3; Houston 2; Tennessee 2; Arkansas State 2; Vanderbilt 2; Fresno State 1. Hello my name is Cliff Lindquist and I am a distributor for Sisel Kaffee & Sisel International. My response to Varsh is that unfortunately most of the products one can buy at the stores has all kinds of chemical and ingredients that are harmful to our body to the point of causing cancer and other ailments. At Sisel we have over 300 products to offer but they are NON toxic and safe to use. In addition we use a uni-level vs a binary marketing plan that benefits the distributors not the top 3% at the top being scamed on MLM distributors. Check us out on my Face Book site here; https://www.facebook.com/clifylq Sisel is the new improved non toxic Amway coming to America promoting a healthier, longer, profitable, and happier life. "If it's too good to be true, it's Sisel." Each year, Rich DeVos attends The Gathering, a below-theradar conference of hard-right Christian organizations and their biggest funders. Featured speakers have included the president and CEO of Alliance Defending Freedom, the president of Focus on the Family, and the head of the Family Research Council. The philanthropists in attendance are representatives of some of America’s wealthiest dynasties and family foundations, and of the National Christian Foundation, America’s largest provider of donor-advised funds given to Christian causes. Donors who meet at The Gathering dispense upwards of $1 billion a year in grants. Although the coaches' football poll has generally been in accord with the Associated Press (AP) Poll there have been years where the polls disagree. Eleven times – in 1954, 1957, 1965, 1970, 1973, 1974, 1978, 1990, 1991, 1997, and 2003 – the Coaches Poll has crowned a different national champion than the AP Poll, causing consternation among some college football fans. Until 1974, the final Coaches Poll was taken before the bowl games, while the final AP poll was taken after the bowls starting with the 1968 season. (also in 1965, but not in 1966 or 1967). This was changed after the 1973 season, when Alabama was crowned as the Coaches Poll national champion in December, yet lost the Sugar Bowl to Notre Dame on New Year's Eve. The same situation occurred in 1970, when #5 Notre Dame beat #1 Texas 24–11 in the Cotton Bowl and Nebraska won the Associated Press national title. In the preceding decade, the UPI coaches poll national champion lost its bowl game three times: 1960 (Minnesota), 1964 (Alabama), and 1965 (Michigan State). Pyramid scheme or not, Amway is creepy and functions as a cult. These crazies nearly sucked me in. What made me really question them though was when after they explained to me their “business plan”, I told them that i’d take a few days to think about it, to talk with family about it. They immediately tell me not to tell my family about them, that my family would be skeptical about the opportunities amway would bring me, that my family would discourage me from doing it. What kind of shady business doesn’t want you to tell your family about them??? "I like that amway representatives are very honest. They sell clean products free from any poisonous elements. I have worked for this company for about a year and I have always had a partner to help me. These people are really responsive and the products are very good. I often buy products in bulk to save my money. It is so simple to sell products. I am the most interested in products for women with kids who have to clean their linen and clothes with harmless products." Amway offers several categories of products including Nutrition (supplements, Vitamins, weight management, energy drinks, sports nutrition), Bath and Body (body care, hair care, and oral care), Beauty (makeup, skincare, and more), Jewelry and Accessories (bracelets, necklaces, gift sets, and more), At Home (cookware, surface care, laundry, dish detergent, and more), B2B Products (commercial-size cleaning, agricultural, and laundry products), and Fragrances (many selections from Personal Accents). To sell Amway products, you are required to register as an Independent Business Owner (IBO) at first. In this way, you will get an opportunity to earn money through their Compensation Plan. Becoming a representative of the company, you will never be alone due to their support, world-class business resources, education, mentoring and training. If you are interested in an opportunity to make money, continue reading this review for more information. AGER Amway Amway Event Amway Home Amway IBO Antioxidant Archives Artistry Beauty Beauty tip BodyKey Breakfast Coaches Poll Coaches Trophy Cosmetics Exercise Hair Hair Care Haircare Hair Products Health Healthy Living Hero Awards IBO Kids Look Make up Makeup Makeup Brushes Nutrilite Nutrition Phytonutrients Product Research Rich DeVos Satinique Skincare Sports Nutrition Sun Damage Sunscreen Supplement Supplements Tips Vitamins We Are Amway Despite the mediocrity of Amway products, one can’t help but be impressed by their sheer number and variety. Other multilevels offer one or two miracle products, such as nutritional supplements like bluegreen algae or “minerals in colloidal suspension,” etc., about which wild claims can be made with impunity. Such products defy conventional sales methods, usually because they require some sort of conversion experience on the part of the customer or elaborate person-to-person instruction. Amway, with its Liquid Organic Cleaner, began this way. But today Amway insists that all products are better sold through multileveling: couches, VCRs, cookies, socks, toilet paper, you name it. The Amway goal is not to push one wildly fraudulent product, but to offer a just barely convincing imitation of consuming life, allowing Amwayers to exhaustively shift all of their consumption to dues-paying mode.[10] It was a single-story, with four bedrooms, three and a half baths, a roundabout drive, and a screened-in pool. ‘You’ll see the gates,’ I’d say to my friends when giving them directions to my new house, feeling endowed with importance, despite the fact that these were not real gates – they were only for show. ‘They’re metal arches that say ‘Carlton Estates,’’ I’d say. These words tasted like gold. Carlton was a surname hyphenated invisibly after my own. I lived in Carlton Estates: that was surely worth something. They are a very professional and big all American company. What amazes me the most is their customer service, very pleasant and polite people, always there to help and resolve any problem there might be. It was very easy to sign up and post first order. They offer a ton of benefits, and a huge selection. I ordered a bunch of stuff first time, it arrived very fast, and I was amazed by quality and total price. Will buy again soon. If you are looking for a get rich quick scheme, this AIN'T it!! The "kingpin" marketing organizations referred to, when used as the resourse they were intended to be used as, are priceless to one's success. I believe that why AMway appears to have such a low success rate is reflective to the amoutn of people who are actually willing to invest in their business due to the inablility to walk out the principles outlined in the books we should read and the audios that are available to us. CHanging hurts. It even has a financial cost to some. But, this system is a no-brainer. Grateful for the opportunity to learn how to be a better business person with their proven systems! But it turns out to be so much more complicated. In 1979, the F.T.C., after investigating Amway, a multilevel marketing company with a vast product line, decided that the company’s business model passed muster — even though recruitment was at the heart of it — because it claimed to take certain steps that (among other things) supposedly showed that its recruits were selling the company’s products to real customers, not just to other recruits. Very quickly, other multilevel marketing companies adopted the “Amway rules” to stay on the right side of the F.T.C. The Amway Center is a sports and entertainment venue in Orlando, Florida, located in the Downtown area of the city. It is part of Downtown Orlando Master Plan 3: a plan that also involves improvements to Camping World Stadium and the completion of the Dr. Phillips Center for the Performing Arts.[4] The arena is home to the Orlando Magic of the NBA, the Orlando Solar Bears of the ECHL,[5] and hosted the 2012 NBA All-Star Game, plus the 2015 ECHL All-Star Game.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729407
__label__wiki	0.694952	0.694952	Cefalo on Priest (2015) Priest, Robert D. The Gospel According to Renan: Reading, Writing, and Religion in Nineteenth-Century France. Oxford UP, 2015, pp. 304, 7 b&w illustrations, ISBN 978-0-19-872875-7 Erica Maria Cefalo, University of Maryland, College Park Robert D. Priest’s The Gospel of Renan: Reading, Writing, and Religion in Nineteenth-Century France tells the story of Ernest Renan’s Vie de Jésus, the controversial first volume of the Histoire des origines du christianisme, from its genesis to its reception and beyond. Part history, part “divination,” Renan’s Vie de Jesus aimed to expose new truths in the story of Christianity’s founder. Seeking to separate the myth from the man, Renan depicts a very human, somewhat romantic messiah framed in an idyllic pastoral setting. His descriptions of the holy land in ancient times are colored by personal impressions formed during his own travels in Galilee. The publication of Vie de Jésus in 1863 transformed the author-professor into a celebrity of Second Empire society. Vilified by the far right and practically deified on the left, Ernest Renan was a larger than life figure whose most famous work is often left out of nineteenth-century French studies. The Gospel According to Renan recaptures the importance of Renan’s work, life, and legacy in nineteenth-century scholarship. Priest notes that his book differs from previous studies of Vie de Jésus in that it is a “holistic examination” of its persistent role in French conversations on the Bible, secularism, and the place of religion in society well into the Belle Époque. Reactions to Renan’s often fantastical approach to Christian history touched on more than just religious issues. The book sparked debate on gender roles, politics, racism, and acceptable approaches to the science of history. Priest’s research helps decode Vie de Jésus by highlighting terms, phrases, and intertextual references familiar to the nineteenth-century public. Priest furthermore explains the roots of Renan’s work, linking his text to important influences such as Heinrich Ewald and Johann Strauss and comparing and contrasting his historical approaches to other giants of the time like Edgar Quinet and Jules Michelet. One of the great pleasures of Priest’s approach is that he introduces us to a Renan we have not yet met in previous studies of the historian. This portrait is perhaps even more intimate than Renan’s own autobiography in that it offers a well-documented window onto the intersection of Renan’s personal and professional personae. Priest digs deep into Vie de Jésus, unafraid of broaching the complicated and sometimes unpleasant details therein, such as Renan’s backward views on race and culture. His choice of a chronological and thematic organization of the chapters also guides the reader through his examination of letters and journals written by Renan and his contemporaries. Best of all, while the book is an engaging and even enjoyable read, Priest is careful to ground his assertions in fact, avoiding the biographical fantasy for which Renan’s own historical writings were often criticized. A study of the proliferation of pamphlets, reviews, and articles in response to Vie de Jésus, proves just how relevant Renan was in his time. From George Sand and Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve to religious philosophers and clergy of various denominations, the chapter on “The Debate” follows a paper trail that details the extent to which Renan became a rallying point for all those interested in establishing the place of religion in the Second Empire. The highlight of this section is an analysis of satirical pamphlets by Louis Veuillot and Henri Lasserre. Priest excerpts some eye-opening passages from the pamphlets that serve as memorable illustrations of the most colorful opposing views of the time. He compliments the critical debate with reader responses in chapter five, “The Audience,” which uncovers the details of an often overlooked but important historical point in literary scholarship—the reactions of everyday readers. Priest’s approach reveals more than just statistics. We have the pleasure of peeking into letters sent to Renan by a variety of fans and critics. Through their correspondence, a more intimate picture of nineteenth-century French culture comes together in the absence of the typically overbearing voices of professional critics and clergymen. The focus on responses from women such as the mysterious “Inconnue” and Cornélie Delort offers a chance to understand points of view generally absent from public forums. The book closes with a look at the impact of Vie de Jésus in the decades that followed its publication and, moreover, the transformation of Ernest Renan into a secular icon. Priest recounts the unveiling of a Renan statue in the Breton town of Tréguier as an example of Renan’s problematic Republican “canonization.” This final chapter follows Renan’s shadow on French social politics past his death in 1892 into the Dreyfus Affair and the dawning of a secular Third Republic. In the end, the reader is left to question Renan’s conflicting popular identities both as a race theorist and an “apostle of tolerance.”	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729413
__label__wiki	0.966205	0.966205	Genie Bouchard cruises into 2nd round at U.S. Open Peter Polansky's luck ran out at the U.S. Open, while Eugenie Bouchard is moving through to the second round. In an evening draw, Canada's Bouchard downed Harmony Tan of France 6-3, 6-1. Watch highlights of Bouchard's first-round win: Canada's Eugenie Bouchard defeats Harmony Tan in straight sets 6-3, 6-1. 1:28 Bouchard, ranked 137th, only needed one hour seven minutes to topple her 396th-ranked opponent. Including qualifying, Bouchard has won four straight matches at Flushing Meadows, but this was only her first victory in the main draw since 2015. The Westmount, Que., native, who is the only Canadian in women's singles in New York, will face 103rd-ranked Marketa Vondrousova of the Czech Republic in the second round. Polansky's luck runs out Polansky made tennis history when he completed the "calendar lucky loser slam" last week after being selected for a spot in the U.S Open main draw despite losing his final qualifying match. But his good fortune came to an end when he was drawn to play his first match against fourth seed Alexander Zverev. The German star downed the 119th-ranked Canadian 6-2, 6-1, 6-2 in a match that took just one hour 36 minutes. Watch highlights of Polansky's 1st-round match: Canadian Peter Polansky was eliminated in the first round of the U.S. Open by Alexander Zverev on Tuesday. 1:21 Despite the result, Polansky's appearance in the U.S. Open main draw capped a curiously remarkable run at this season's Grand Slams for the 30-year old from Thornhill, Ont. Polansky lost in the third and final round of qualifying at all four majors, only to advance by lottery to fill a spot in the main draw vacated by a withdrawing player. "I swear, every match I lose, like, guys think I've thrown the match," Polansky said. "Like, sold the match." Polansky had a chance to take luck out of the equation last week when he won his first two matches in New York. At that point, players knew he had it wrapped up. "They were like, 'Congrats, you're in,"' Polansky said. "No, not yet." While becoming the first player to complete the "lucky loser slam" could be considered a dubious achievement, Polansky has approached it with a sense of humour. Canada's Peter Polansky fell 6-2, 6-1, 6-2 to Germany's Alexander Zverev in first round action at the U.S. Open on Tuesday. (Julian Finney/Getty Images) "I'd like to try getting in directly, just win the qualifiers and get in on my own this time," Polansky said in an interview with The Canadian Press before qualification in New York. "But if I make the last round of qualies there's always that chance for a lucky loser. "And I think it would also be super cool, actually, if I get in that way. It will be in the record books for a long time and I don't think anyone's going to beat that." Polansky's ranking rose to a career-best 110 in June, not that far from the top 101 spots that qualify automatically for the U.S. Open. With some solid play later in the year, perhaps he can get there in time for Australia. Then Polansky wouldn't even need luck. "Yeah, that's the goal," he said. "I think with the summer I've had I've set myself up pretty well to achieve that. I think I need maybe one or two more good results and that should do it."	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729415
__label__wiki	0.558148	0.558148	The Mediterranean: a Sea of Migrants in Danger Thousands of migrants risk their lives to get to Europe by crossing the Mediterranean. They do so to escape war, persecution or poverty. Many do not survive the journey. 15 Oct 2014 \| tags: Europe, migration, Asylum Seekers, Frontex, Lampedusa and border control Massimo Sestini/eyevine Tens of thousands of asylum seekers risk their lives every year to reach Europe. The majority of migrant border-related deaths since January have occurred in the Mediterranean sea. According to estimates by the International Organisation for Migration (IOM), 3,072 people have died since the beginning of the year trying to reach European territory by crossing the Mediterranean. This figure represents 75% of the total migration-related deaths in the world this year. According to the IOM’s report Fatal Journeys: Tracking Lives Lost During Migration published last month, 22,394 people died in migratory routes to Europe from 1996 to 2014. However, IOM believes the number of casualties may be even higher than stated in the report. A year ago, on 3 October 2013, Lampedusa hit the headlines when 360 people died while trying to reach European territory after a boat with more than 500 migrants on board sank near the Italian island. This was neither the first nor the last incident involving migrants to happen in the Mediterranean sea. Since 2011, in the wake of the Arab democratic uprisings that started in Tunisia and spread to Egypt, Libya and Syria, an increasing number of people have been risking their lives in decaying vessels to enter Europe. Uprisings and conflict prompt irregular immigration because they cause instability and diminish surveillance on the borders. People usually pay smugglers to take them to European shores. They want to escape conflict and war but also poverty or political persecution. Not all of them are nationals of countries in conflict, but they seek to take advantage of turmoil to cross borders. The civil war in Syria had a strong impact on the amount of people trying to come to Europe. Syrian nationals were in 2014 among the majority of migrants attempting to reach European countries using the Central Mediterranean route, the Apulia and Calabria route, the Eastern Mediterranean route and the Western Balkan route, according to data from the European Union agency Frontex. About 21,000 Syrians are believed to have used one of these routes from January to June this year. The Italian island of Lampedusa has been one of the main European arrival points. The local reception centre for migrants is overcrowded. Some of the migrants arriving on the island are refugees seeking asylum. Eritreans, for example, face a dangerous journey to get to Europe in order to escape compulsory military service and the dictatorial regime. This year alone almost 18,000 Eritreans used the Central Mediterranean migratory route that took them from Northern Africa towards Italy and Malta through the Mediterranean sea. European Union’s response The focus of the EU’s reaction to irregular migration in the Mediterranean has been on the enhancement of borders surveillance, the return of irregular migrants to their countries of origin, and providing assistance to member states facing more difficulties dealing with migratory movements through the Asylum, Migration and Integration Fund. Frontex is the EU’s agency responsible for assisting the member states with the external borders surveillance. Its primary purposes are to provide technical and operational assistance, to perform risk analysis and to support member states with the migrants return to their home countries. In order to improve management of the EU external borders, Frontex developed the information-exchange system Eurosur in close cooperation with member states. The Directive 2008/115/EC establishes common standards and procedures for the return of illegally staying third-country nationals to their countries of origin. The return of the migrants must comply with human rights standards. The reasoning behind the directive is that member states should either return irregular migrants or grant them legal status. In order to achieve a successful return of the migrants, the EU establishes readmission agreements with non-EU countries. Through the Asylum, Migration and Integration Fund (AMIF), which was set up for the period 2014-2020, the EU supports financially the member states facing more migration and asylum flows. Moreover, AMIF aims to promote the development of a common EU approach to asylum and immigration. Does the EU need to adopt a new immigration approach? Amnesty International (AI) criticised the EU’s immigration strategy. On a press release published last July, the organisation stated that “in their determination to seal off their borders, the European Union and its member states are putting the lives and rights of refugees and migrants at risk”. “EU migration policies and border control practices are preventing refugees from accessing asylum in the EU and putting their lives at risk in the course of increasingly perilous journeys”, AI said. The organisation also accused the EU of “funding neighbouring countries, such as Turkey, Morocco and Libya, to create a buffer zone around the EU in an effort to stop migrants and refugees before they even reach Europe’s borders”. The intent to cooperate with Mediterranean neighbour countries in relation to the enhancement of border management goes back to the foundation of the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP). The ENP’s strategy paper published by the European Commission in 2004 highlights the importance of improving border management, cooperating in the fight against illegal immigration and in the effective control of borders. The ENP’s main aim is however to promote sustainable democracy and economic development. On 3 October 2014 the President of the European Parliament, Martin Schulz, gave a speech in Lampedusa during the anniversary of the tragedy that killed 360 migrants. He said that “some things are not right with our asylum and migration policies”. In order to improve the European asylum and migration policy, he considers that there should be “more legal avenues to get to the EU” so people do not have to face a dangerous journey across the Mediterranean. As irregular immigration hinders the identification of true refugees and asylum seekers, Martin Schulz believes that “we should examine ways of giving people the possibility to ask for asylum or protection outside the EU”. Changes in the migration policy are however dependent on the will of member states’ governments. The rising of anti-immigration parties in the EU will make changes difficult to achieve. Edited by: Andreea Anastasiu Turkey, an important cooperation actor Turkey is a unique country, that connects European and Asian civilisations, and shares cultural and linguistic proximity with Turkic countries. Turkey has been an example for a number of countries … by Fábio Lopes Paulos on Feb 05, 2018 Is the nation-state still important in the contemporary world? Understanding the nation-state The nation-state is a complex governance structure with a long cultural and historical process of interactions between people, territory and political power. A distinction should be made … by Fábio Lopes Paulos on Dec 02, 2017 A perspective of the Catalonia referendum Resistance or opportunity for the European Union by Fábio Lopes Paulos on Oct 01, 2017 Susana Santos Faria Susana is a Journalist and a Writer for OneEurope read more Follow @Susana_S_F Eurographics: George Avgoustis George Avgoustis was born in London, United Kingdom, from a Uruguayan of Greek descent father and a Greek Cypriot mother, who originally met and lived most of their years in Athens. However, due to his mother's strong relation with the United Kingdom dating back to her childhood years, Geo.. Angelis Panopoulos Angelis Panopoulos was born in 1994 in Athens, Greece but his origins are from Arcadia, Greece. He studies at Panteion University of Athens, in the Department of International, European and Regional Studies. He specialises in European studies and in International relations, planning also a masters ..	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729418
__label__cc	0.500397	0.499603	Before coming to Cornell, I was best known for my scholarship in what might first appear to be two distinct fields; my work as a modern art historian specializing in studies about black culture and Paris in the 1920s, and my curatorial work and research in the Caribbean. Increasingly, I see how these two research areas converge, especially within the realm of post-colonial studies. Negrophilia, which was the subject of my thesis later published as a book of the same name by Thames & Hudson explores the relationship between avant-garde artists and black culture in 1920's Paris. The Parisian avant-garde adopted negrophilia and its taboos to enhance their outsider status. Their flirtation with aspects of African-American popular forms such as jazz, l'art negre, Josephine Baker etc, was a way to rekindle their own primitive states. Black culture facilitated their regression to the primitive within. An important aspect of my exploration of negrophilia, was my discourse on the primitive that argues for an inversion of current thinking to more usefully emphasis the process of 'primitivization'. This understanding of how black people have been framed historically by a 'primitivizing' colonial discourse has made an important contribution to post-modern debates about 'the other'. The term 'negrophilia' introduced by Paris's vanguard but revived by me has come back into common parlance as a result of my book and is regularly cited in contemporary scholarly texts and university tutorial models. The term 'negrophilia' has also been recently popularized with the release of a music CD Negrophilia [the album] by Michael Ladd who, paying homage to my book has created a number of original contemporary jazz compositions that 'dismantle, transform, replant and play with the current brand of negrophilia that dominates global pop culture right now.'. As a response to this musical intervention, I have recently created a web log Negrophilia [the blog] that considers how this love of black culture has persisted into the present day with commentary on popular artists and art forms such as hip hop, dance hall and rastafari (see: www.negrophilia.com.jm) As a Caribbean scholar my work has been equally definitive and interventionist. My first Jamaican publication Jamaican Art: A Survey of Fifty Artists (Kingston Publishers, 1990) remains the only comprehensive art historical survey of Jamaican art to date. This lavishly illustrated text documents Jamaica's many art forms from the past century and contextualizes them within discussions about slavery, colonialism, revolutionary struggle and independence in the Caribbean. The book is in its third print run and is the primary text use by schools and colleges teaching about Jamaican art and its history. After, Jamaican Art's publication I continued to make a contribution to local scholarship, through monthly newspaper reviews and a weekly radio program. My main contribution to the arts however was made through my work in various capacities for the National Gallery of Jamaica. As the Research Officer there, I delivered what has come to be viewed as a 'classic' series of twelve monthly lectures entitled “Masterpieces from the National Collection' later published in the National newspaper (see attached) that highlighted Jamaica's most famous artists and their important works. I also hosted a contemporary film festival including, local, international and original films. Whether resident in Jamaica or the UK, I remained an integral member of the National Gallery's curatorial team contributing to its annual national exhibitions, writing reviews and participating in public forums; two of the most important being, my essay contribution to the catalogue Tribute to David Boxerentitled 'On Naming the Primitive' ((1994) and the lecture response to the NGJ's exhibition Black as Colour that I critically titled 'Black is Colour: Colour is Race' (1998). After my return to the NGJ in the late 1990's and in my capacity as a Director, I regularly chaired events for the NGJ including the opening of the Caribbean exhibition with Texacoauthor Patrick Chamoiseau and a panel discussion with guest curator of Curator's Eye (2002) Lowery Sims, currently one of Cornell's Professor's at Large. In 2002, I was invited to edit another book on Jamaican art commissioned to celebrate the School of Visual Art's 50th anniversary. This book Fifty Years-Fifty Artists (Ian Randle Publishers 2003) continued the work of documenting Jamaica's art with essays that focused on fifty of the institution's most prominent artists, many of whom are significant international names. Again, this book was heavily illustrated and provided two important texts by me that explored the role of the college as a cultural institution in Jamaica's move towards nation building, as well as the establishment of arts and crafts in the island. In 2002, I was also invited to take place in the marathon series of dialogs taking place as part of Documenta 11 under the direction of Okwui Enwezor. My platform entitled Creolite and Creolisation took place in the Caribbean in St. Lucia and boasted a handful of select participants from the region including Stewart Hall, Sarat Maharaj, Isaac Julian, Francois Verges and Derek Walcott. I recognise now, that the paper I prepared for that workshop 'Paradise, Primitivism and Parody,' finally made the connection between my work in Europe and my Caribbean writings. Criss-crossing between Europe and the Caribbean, I attempted to show how ideas of the 'primitive' as an aspect of European Modernism influenced Caribbean expressions from the 1930s onwards. I demonstrated how within the visual arts, the primitive has been pervasive in Caribbean cultural nationalism, in Caribbean black separatism and now, in Caribbean 'new worldism.' The essay plots the route of that descent and inquires about how European ideas of the primitive might have found a haven under the palm tree of Caribbean thinking. It recognized the problems implicit in articulating our identities and experiences with the terminology of primitivism and even creolisation, and cautions replenishing our sense of loss with imagery that plays out and into the fantasies of others. Since Documenta 11, my scholarship has continued in the same vein, trying to make the connection from one culture to another. Most recently at the Tate Modern (Bank Side, London, 2006) for the conference Jungles in Paris exploring the work of Henri Rousseau, I presented a paper titled Exoticism in Black and White that considered ideas of exoticism in early 20th century photography. It connected modern art practice, especially surrealist photography in Paris, to the political realities and aspirations of black diaspora communities of Harlem, New York, Kingston, Jamaica and Port au Prince, Haiti. Although these communities may seem distinct from one another, through my paper, I tried to show what linked them, working with an approach similar to Paul Gilroy's Black Atlantic (1993) that disrupts the West's seamless view of modernism with the black presence. By examining how photography facilitated exoticism; its rituals of fancy dress; its heightening of racial and gender differences; its ability to create and capture the subaltern and the transgressive, I showed how the medium’s celluloid personas became catalysts for political and social change in both black and white communities in the 1920s and 30s. This approach has proven to be very helpful in terms of my latest research for both the black magic and diaspora project that calls for inter-disciplinarity and interrelatedness. My focus on European and Caribbean art history, has not been to the exclusion of other cultures and genres. As a scholar of the diaspora, I am motivated by the intellectual conviction that African and African-American and Caribbean, New World cultures share cultural continuities. Our New World Culture is merely a recreated manifestation of our African experience co-mingled with that of Europe. For this reason, it is impossible to delineate one section of art history from another and most of my research and curatorial projects ranging as far back as Africa: The Art of a Continent up to the forth coming Ethiopia: Monarchy and Modernity symposium, publication and exhibition share this inter-relatedness. This interest is reflected also in the range of critical reviews that I have written over the years, and although my CV provides a complete list of essays contributed to various books and anthologies, it might be useful to highlight one or two of them here. The essay entitled, “Alternative Centers: African ad Afro-Caribbean Art,” which I co-authored with my Cornell colleague Salah Hassan is included inThe Oxford History of Western Art, as part of a section on “Modernism After: 1914-2000.” This major textbook, edited by the prominent art historian Professor Martin Kemp, is the first of its kind to recognize the plurality of Western modernism and the interrelationship of African and Afro-Caribbean modernisms and their inseparability from global art history. The book clearly seeks to offer a new introduction to the history of Western art, one that provides a more up-to-date treatment than can be found in established works such as Jansen's History of Art, Honor and Fleming's World of History of Art and Gombrich's Story of Art. In 1997, I also contributed seven essays to the book St. James Guide to Black Artists Edition 1. (St James Guide to Black Artists) published by Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture and edited by Thomas Riggs. This book described as 'Unique not only in its depth of coverage but its inclusion of a number of artists from Africa, the Caribbean, Brazil and other countries that have not had good coverage.' is a biographical source recommended for all larger academic and public libraries with specialized collections as well as smaller academic, public, and school libraries. My work as co-ordinating editor for the Royal Academy Africa the Art of a Continent catalogue, resulted in my extensive engagement with scholars and materials from the whole continent of Africa as well as an involvement with the parallel exhibition Seven Stories of African Art at the Whitechapel which I subsequently reviewed. In that same season, Susan Vogel's African Art Now exhibition was exhibited at Tate Liverpool and I subsequently reviewed it for the BBC's Meridian Arts. Following the publication of my book Negrophilia and in the wake of Chris Ofili's controversial exhibition in London and New York, I was invited by Arts Review to critique his work. The resulting article “Mirror, Mirror, Negrophilia, Parody and Chris Ophili”,was controversial and openly challenged Chris Offili with the charge of minstrelsy. It was not appreciated by the artist, but defended by the journal, even in an era of extreme political correctness. Finally, in a major survey of British art British Art Now (1998),I was invited to interview Dr Eddie Chambers the Black-British Curator and author of numerous articles and books including Run through the Jungle (INIVA, 1999). Eddie Chambers is an artist and better known as one of Britain's most radical critics and curators. He writes regularly for Art Monthly. His texts represent an uncompromising voice in the art establishment of the country. In this rare interview we discussed his creation of landmark exhibitions such as Black Art: Plotting the Course, 1988; History and Identity: Seven Painters, 1991; Black People and the British Flag, 1993 and most recently, Mildred Howard: In the Line of Fire, 1999 as well as the contribution of Black British art to contemporary British culture. Eddie Chambers will be visiting Cornell as a guest lecturer in 2007. Oneika Russell, Untitled, Still from the Fictional Fim Series, 2007	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729428
__label__wiki	0.838707	0.838707	October 13th 2018 Lange, Ryf Rewrite the Kona Record Book Daniela Ryf of Switzerland and Germany's Patrick Lange turn in record-setting performances en route to defending their world titles. On a perfect day with light winds and some of the mildest temperatures in the 40-year history of the IRONMAN World Championship, defending champions Patrick Lange and Daniela Ryf shattered their own course records in what will go down as the fastest race in race history. Ryf's win was particularly historic, as she also broke the overall IRONMAN record with an 8:26:18 finish. That bested Mel Hauschildt's time of 8:31:05 from the IRONMAN North American Championship in May. As if that wasn't impressive enough, Ryf was stung by a jellyfish just before the swim start and questioned whether or not she would be able to make it through the swim. "I thought, 'I can't give up,' because I'm the defending champion, and I knew little kids would be watching the race, but I didn't know if I could make it through 3.8K in such pain. It was horrible," Ryf said at the finish. "But I told myself that I couldn’t give up because you never know what can happen out here." Not to be overshadowed by Ryf's race for the ages, Lange's first order of business after his record-setting performance was to propose to his girlfriend, Julia. She said yes. "This was the most intense, most beautiful, most amazing thing that I've ever experienced in my life—after just asking Julia to marry me," Lange said of a day that will be hard top. Women's Race To no surprise, Lucy Charles smashed the swim course record, exiting the water in 48:14 with a gap of nearly three minutes on fellow super-swimmer Lauren Brandon. IRONMAN Asia-Pacific champion Teresa Adam was next onto the pier another minute behind, leading out a group that included Helle Frederiksen, Sarah True and Liz Blatchford. Ryf found herself more than nine minutes back after battling through Kailua Bay in 57:26. The sting from the jellyfish didn't last long, however, as the three-time defending champ made her way through the field, moving from 15th to second by the 30-mile mark. Sarah Crowley was the only athlete able to keep pace with the defending champ, but the pair of chasers couldn't chip away much at Charles' lead as they powered up the hill to Hawi. Crowley broke shortly after the turnaround, as Ryf surged in an attempt to catch Charles before the start of the marathon. Charle'’ four-minute lead quickly evaporated over the next 40 miles, and in a near replay of last year, Ryf passed Charles near mile-marker 105 and wouldn’t surrender the lead for the rest of the day. In what was no doubt the most impressive of all of today’s record-breaking splits, Ryf finished the ride in 4:26:06 after riding at an average pace of more than 25 mph. That split took 18 minutes off the previous course record. Charles entered T2 just 1:40 behind Ryf, but the three-time champ made quick work of extending her lead on the out-and-back along Ali'i Drive. Corinne Abraham and Crowley were the next athletes onto the run, with race rookies Sarah True and Anne Haug not far behind. By the time Ryf made it out to the Energy Lab and was headed back to town, her lead had grown to eight minutes, and the only question that remained was how far she'd lower her own course record. Charles remained steady in second, and the real race was happening between Haug and True for the final spot on the podium. True managed to hold off her fellow Olympian until the 22-mile mark, when Haug made a decisive pass as they headed for home. By that point, Ryf was already storming down Ali'i Drive with a massive lead for the fourth year in a row, but on this occasion, she was doing it in a time that seemed truly impossible at the beginning of the day. She broke the tape in 8:26:16—20 minutes, 30 seconds faster than her course record from 2016. "What a day, I still can't believe what happened," said Ryf at the post-race press conference. "Before the race I said I wanted to do races that people would remember." Charles was next across the line 10 minutes later, posting the second-fastest time in race history. Haug rounded out the podium in her Kona debut, ahead of True and three-time champion Mirinda Carfrae, who finished fourth and fifth, respectively. All of the top ten women finished in under nine hours. Men's Race Josh Amberger led a pack of nine athletes out of the water in 47:39, with a group that included Tim O’Donnell and Javier Gomez in tow. The first of the uberbikers to make his way out of Kailua Bay was Andrew Starykowicz, just under two minutes behind Amberger. Bike course record-holder Cameron Wurf and 2014 IRONMAN World Champion Sebastian Kienle exited the water another minute back, and Kienle found himself with a flat tire in the opening mile and needed a rear wheel swap before he could get his signature lead underway. Reigning runner-up Lionel Sanders had the most work to do out of the water, finding himself 6:21 down coming out of T2. Starykowicz and Wurf wasted no time taking control of the ride, bringing along Frenchman Anthony Costes up to the turn at Kawaihae. The pair of leaders swapped the front position a handful of times on the climb up to the turnaround at Hawi, before Costes dropped off and Amberger moved into third. Wurf put in a big surge to take the lead as the trio started their descent, with the winds as still as they've ever been at the top of the course. As the leaders made their way down to Kawaihae and then back onto the Queen K, it was clear that Starykowicz didn’t have the legs to attack the course record, but Wurf never wavered from riding a record pace for the second straight year. He flew into town with a four-minute lead after an incredible 4:09:06 bike split, shaving three minutes, 48 seconds off his record-setting ride from a year ago. Starykowicz was next into transition, but a large group of elite runners including Lange, Bart Aernouts, Braden Currie and Tim O’Donnell rolled into T2 just a few minutes later, ready to take control of the race from the super-cyclists. Wurf ran strong for the opening 10K, as Lange, Currie and Aernouts ran in lockstep along Ali'i Drive giving chase. Lange finally broke away and overtook Wurf 10 miles in, with Aernouts also making his way past Wurf a few miles later. Currie and O'Donnell ran side-by-side as the five leaders climbed Palani Road and headed toward the Energy Lab. Aernouts kept the gap to Lange hovering around two minutes throughout the trip out to the Lab, but he couldn't make up any ground on the defending champion. The win was never in doubt for Lange as he turned the screws on the way back to town, running just off the pace of his record-setting marathon from 2016. "After 8K I found my running legs and the mental part of it started to feel really good," said Lange in the post-race press conference. "Madame Pele was with us today and gave us the best conditions. She probably knew it was the 40th anniversary of the best race in the world." The big mover over the final 10K was last year’s third-place finisher, David McNamee, who surged past O’Donnell and Currie to move into third. Lange broke the tape for his second record-setting win, this time becoming the first athlete in history to finish in under eight hours. His time of 7:52:39 carved nearly nine minutes off his record from a year ago. Aernouts was next across the line four minutes later, finishing on the Kona podium for the first time. McNamme closed with third-fastest marathon of the day to take third for the second year in a row. After trading blows throughout the entire marathon, O’Donnell and Currie finished fourth and fifth, respectively. The best of the day Germany’s Patrick Lange became the first person to finish the IRONMAN World Championship in under 8 Hours Patrick Lange’s (DEU) time of 7:52:39 broke his own course best set in 2017 of 8:01:40. celebrated by proposing to his girlfriend, Julia Hofmann at the finish line Patrick Lange’s manager Jan Sibbersen also raced and set a new swim course best at the IRONMAN World Championship with a time of 46:30, breaking the previous best of 46:41 (Lars Jorgensen) that stood for 20 years. Kyle and Brent Pease became just the second special team to ever finish the IRONMAN World Championship; The last team to do so was Dick and Rick Hoyt in 1999. Liz McTernan (GBR) became the second female hand cyclist to ever finish the IRONMAN World Championship; The last women hand cyclist to finish was Minda Dentler (USA) in 2013 (14:39:14). McTernan now also holds fastest time for female hand cyclists (14:21:13) Hiromu Inada (Japan) at 85 and 11 months became the oldest competitor to ever finish an IRONMAN Bart Aeronaut (BEL) also finished under 8 hours with a time of 7:56:41. Daniela Ryf’s (CHE) time of 8:26:18 broke her own course best set in 2016 of 8:46:46. Lucy Charles (GBR) set a new swim course best of 48:14, beating Jodi Jackson’s 48:43 time set in 1991. Cameron Wurf (AUS) set a new bike course best of 4:09:06 beating the previous best of 4:12:54 he set himself in 2017. Ryf set a new bike course best for the women in 4:26:07. The previous best time was 4:44:19 set in 2001 by Karin Thuerig. Originally from: http://www.ironman.com/triathlon/news/articles/2018/10/kona-pro-race-recap.aspx#ixzz5UW82E2cG Originally from: http://www.ironman.com/triathlon/news/articles/2018/10/kona-pro-race-recap.aspx#ixzz5UW82EJxr Originally from: http://www.ironman.com/triathlon/news/articles/2018/10/kona-pro-race-recap.aspx#ixzz5UW82ES4k Originally from: http://www.ironman.com/triathlon/news/articles/2018/10/kona-pro-race-recap.aspx#ixzz5UW82Ea8N Originally from: http://www.ironman.com/triathlon/news/articles/2018/10/kona-pro-race-recap.aspx#ixzz5UW82Eh4M Originally from: http://www.ironman.com/triathlon/news/articles/2018/10/kona-pro-race-recap.aspx#ixzz5UW82Eptv	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729430
__label__wiki	0.858783	0.858783	Tom Browne – Funkin’ for Jamaica Uploaded by projazz on December 8, 2016 at 3:29 pm Tom Browne – Funkin’ for Jamaica Tom Browne - Funkin' for Jamaica (Official Music Video Extended) "Funkin' for Jamaica (N.Y.)" is a 1980 single by jazz trumpeter Tom Browne. The single—a memoir of the neighborhood in the New York City borough of Queens where Browne was born and raised—is from his second solo album, Love Approach. Browne got the idea for the song while he was at his parents' home. The vocals for the single were provided by Toni Smith (Thomassina Carrollyne Smith), who also helped compose the song. The song hit number one on the U.S. R&B chart for a month. "Funkin' for Jamaica" peaked at number nine on the dance chart and made the Top 10 on the UK singles chart. (From Wikipedia) Tom Browne - trumpet Tom Browne – Funkin’ for Jamaica (Official Music Video Extended) “Funkin’ for Jamaica (N.Y.)” is a 1980 single by jazz trumpeter Tom Browne. The single—a memoir of the neighborhood in the New York City borough of Queens where Browne was born and raised—is from his second solo album, Love Approach. Browne got the idea for the song while he was at his parents’ home. The vocals for the single were provided by Toni Smith (Thomassina Carrollyne Smith), who also helped compose the song. The song hit number one on the U.S. R&B chart for a month. “Funkin’ for Jamaica” peaked at number nine on the dance chart and made the Top 10 on the UK singles chart. (From Wikipedia) Tom Browne – trumpet Tags: Tom Browne, trumpet Categories: Jazz Fusion Miles Davis - Pangaea (Full Album) Dizzy Gillespie and Arturo Sandoval - To A Finland Station (Full Album) Joe Newman - St. James Infirmary Buddy Tate with Clark Terry – Tate-a-Tate (Full Album) Donald Byrd Pepper Adams Quintet feat. Herbie Hancock - Out of This World (Full Album)	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729434
__label__wiki	0.623148	0.623148	Remember When The Future Was Going To Be Awesome? mikey 2016-04-18 19:19:06 UTC #1 [Please consider commenting/discussing at the forum even if you read this on FB or G+] This is a reprint of an article I ran on the previous version of Radio Free Tomorrow about two years ago. I'm reviving it in honor of Project Hieroglyph, which brings SF authors and scientists together to write science fiction stories with an optimistic bent! I've been thinking about the state of science fiction, these days; science fiction on television in particular, but also, the popular franchises and concepts in SF in general. Thinking in particular on the fact that it's all so damned bleak and hopeless and pessimistic! What we need now, frankly, is Star Trek. And not just another movie -- although I'm looking forward to the new movie with absurd glee [reprint note: in retrospect? That glee was badly misplaced...]. We need another series. We need a space-opera television series whose premise is simply this: The Future Is Going To Be Awesome! Don't get me wrong: I loved Battlestar Galactica (2003). I love the fact that, when we use SF to hold up the mirror to the modern day, we no longer have to find ways to sugar coat or tone down controversial messages to get them past censors. Oh, it's not perfect, but we've come so very far from the days when it was a struggle just to get a black female officer on the bridge of a starship! Trouble is, "naturalistic" has come to mean, by implication, pessimistic. Realism has come to mean, "the future has to suck." Stories about the future, right now--TV, movie, and print--are almost all about dystopias, or about surviving apocalypses. Many of them are bloody brilliant, mind you, and very believable. But they're about the fear of a terrible future, and not about the hope of an awesome one! For all its faults--and it had many--the one thing the Star Trek series and movies had going for them, consistently, was that basic notion of an awesome future. Even Deep Space Nine, the darkest of the Trek series, the one most focused on war and interpersonal conflict and the consequences of actions, was still ultimately about a fight to keep the future awesome, and to make it safe for others to enjoy that awesomeness. And brother, do we ever need that. It's true, certainly, that some of the hope Star Trek offers us is likely to be false hope. More and more we realize, for example, that space travel is expensive, difficult, and dangerous. That space is a medium utterly inimical to human life and that the technology to make it less so has not yet been forthcoming. In short, that the likelihood of anyone currently alive ever setting foot on another planet in our own solar system is small, and that no one currently alive will ever orbit another star entirely. Not everything Star Trek postulated, however, was a false hope. While there is still much work to be done, for example, we have made unbelievable strides in equality of race, gender, and sexual orientation (an area 60s, 80s and 90s Trek didn't dare touch!) that seemed like pure fantasy in 1966. Most of us carry around communication devices that make Starfleet-issue communicators look like toys. Spock's "library computer" has become our every-day Internet, and you don't have to be a hyperintelligent Vulcan to use it. While it would be overstating the case to say that none of these things would have happened without the influence of Star Trek, or something like it, it would also be wrong to say that Star Trek had no effect. Many of the people who brought us these innovations admit plainly that Star Trek inspired them at some level. My fear is that there is nothing currently available on television or in print that's similarly capturing the imagination of people today and driving them to imagine how to make new, amazing, awesome things happen. Does this call for a new Star Trek, or Trek-like series, mean that I want us to abandon all the progress that's been made toward telling better, more complex, more realistic stories on television? Oh, hell no. The New Star Trek I would see made if I could, would owe a great deal to DS9, Babylon 5, BSG, and modern Doctor Who in terms of long-form story-telling, for one thing. There would be no reset buttons. Actions would have consequences. But behind it all would remain one simple concept: the future is awesome. The future of the future should be awesome. What Roddenberry used to call the "human adventure" should be, as much as possible, about making the future more awesome than the present, even when the present is also pretty awesome, and about making sure as many people as possible can enjoy that awesomeness. Most importantly, it needs to be about the people who help make the future awesome. Because awesome futures don't just happen. No one is just going to hand us an awesome future out of thin air. Awesome futures are made by people who believe in them. This is a companion discussion topic for the original entry at http://www.radiofreetomorrow.org/2014/09/04/remember-when-the-future-was-going-to-be-awesome/	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729440
__label__cc	0.748974	0.251026	Residuos, Energía, Medio Ambiente y Nanotecnología (REMAN) INV - REMAN - Artículos de Revistas Effect of Sodium Chloride and Thiourea on Pollutant Formation during Combustion of Plastics Iñiguez, María Esperanza \| Conesa, Juan A. \| Fullana, Andres Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ingeniería Química Plastic mixture \| PAHs \| ClBzs \| NaCl \| Catalyzed medium \| Inhibition Iñiguez ME, Conesa JA, Fullana A. Effect of Sodium Chloride and Thiourea on Pollutant Formation during Combustion of Plastics. Energies. 2018; 11(8):2014. doi:10.3390/en11082014 Thermal decomposition of different samples containing a mixture of plastics (polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and nylon) combined with NaCl and metal oxides (Fe2O3, CuO) was studied under an air atmosphere at 850 °C using a reactor, followed by analysis of the evolved products. Combustion runs were performed to study how the presence of such compounds influences the production of pollutants. Here, we report the analyses of the emissions of the main gases, as well as volatiles and semivolatiles, including polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated benzenes and phenols, and polybrominated phenols. Results show that the production of chlorinated pollutants did not increase in the presence of NaCl, but the presence of other metals during the decomposition led to the production of a great amount of pollutants. In this regard, the emission of chlorinated phenols increased from 110 to ca. 250 mg/kg when the sample included a small quantity of a transition metal oxide. Additionally, the presence of an inhibitor—thiourea (TUA)—was tested. Results confirm that adding TUA to the sample reduced these emissions to a considerable extent, with the emission of chlorinated phenols amounting to 65 mg/kg. This research was funded by Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (Spain) grant number CTQ2016-76608-R, and by Valencian Community Government (Spain) grant number PROMETEOII/2014/007. The author M.E. Iñiguez was also funded by Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (Spain) contract grant number BES-2014-069473. 10.3390/en11082014 Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.3390/en11082014 2018_Iniguez_etal_Energies.pdf 690,74 kB Adobe PDF Open Preview Close preview	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729442
__label__cc	0.609509	0.390491	Cagayan, Isabela recognized in the 21st Dairy Congress as Dairy Zones of the Philippines The potential of the dairy industry in the country is as pure and healthy as milk. This was affirmed in the 21st Dairy Congress and Expo on May 23-25, 2018 in Tagbilaran City, Bohol where Cagayan and Isabela provinces were recognized as among the Dairy Zones of the Philippines. Aptly themed “Moving towards milk sufficiency”, the congress provided opportunities for learning, sharing and networking through farm tour, product exhibits and plenary sessions which focused on strategies to boost milk production such as forage and pasture development, feed management, mechanization, research and development, marketing and financing. In her message, National Dairy Authority (NDA) Administrator Marilyn Mabale shared the country’s vision to increase the sufficiency level of milk production from 1% to 20% by 2022. This, according to her, may be done through strong public-private partnerships in the distribution and management of dairy stocks. Administrator Mabale also recognized the top regions in terms of animal population, among which is Region 02. Moreover, the province of Cagayan was cited as one of the provinces with the highest buffalo population and, together with the province of Isabela, was acknowledged as a Dairy Zone of the Philippines. Senator Cynthia Villar, through her representative, Atty. Reggie Tamana, expressed full support to the dairy sector and assured the stakeholders that as Chairman of the Senate’s Committee on Agriculture, she will propose legislations that will directly impact on the dairy farmers, such as the institutionalization of a nationwide Milk Feeding Program and a higher budget for livestock development. During the Congress, the participants had the opportunity to visit the Ubay Bohol Stock Farm, an integrated dairy enterprise equipped with high-end facilities from the Philippine Carabao Center. DTI – Region 02 Director Ruben Diciano and Industry Development Division Chief Mary Ann Dy, were among over 600 Congress delegates. Notably, they were able to establish linkage with Genetic Development New Zealand Ltd. and the Government of Canada for the development of the dairy sector in Cagayan Valley region.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729449
__label__wiki	0.629762	0.629762	Sai Baba Legend About Shree Saibaba Chandbhai, the headman of a village called Dhoopkhede (in Aurangabad, India), once lost his horse and was looking for it. Suddenly he heard a voice say "You look tired. come here and rest a while". He turned around and saw a young Fakir . The fakir smiled at him and said "What are you looking for in this jungle, Chandbhai". Chandbhai was surprised and he wondered how the fakir knew his name. Slowly, he said "I have lost my horse. I have looked for it everywhere, but cannot seem to find it". The fakir told him to look behind a clump of trees. Chandbhai was pleasantly surprised to find his horse grazing peacefully behind those trees. He thanked the fakir and asked his name. The fakir said "some people call me Sai Baba." Sai Baba then invited Chandbhai to have a smoke with him. He got the pipe ready, but there was no fire to light it with. Sai Baba thrust a pair of tongs into the ground and brought out a burning coal. Chandbhai was wonderstruck. He thought "this is no ordinary person" and invited Baba to come to his house and be his guest for a few days. Next day Baba went to Chandbhai's house and found everybody in a very joyful mood and festivities going on all around. He found that Chandbhai's wife's nephew was getting married. The bride was from Shirdi and the marriage party was going to Shirdi. Chandbhai invited Baba to accompany the marriage party to Shirdi. At Shirdi they camped in a field next to Khandoba's temple. After the wedding, Saibaba stayed on at Shirdi. At first he lived under a neem tree and begged for food whenever he needed it. He then went to Khandoba's temple, intending to stay there, but the temple priest met him at the entrance and told him to go to the mosque. That is how Baba, started staying at the Mosque which was later called Dwarkamayi. Baba preached at Shirdi all his life and performed numerous miracles to convince people that God exists. He healed people's diseases, provided moral and material comfort to his devotees. Baba helped bring Unity and Harmony between all communities. He said that God is one, but called by different names. He said follow your own religion and seek the truth. One day a rich millionaire named Booty came to Sai Baba and said he was going to construct a stone building for Shri Krishna. Baba helped him plan the building. Before the building was completed Baba fell very ill. On the 15th of October 1918, he breathed his last. His last wish was to be buried in Booty's building. Booty's stone building came to be known as the Samadhi Mandir. Shri Sai Baba was buried here and a beautiful shrine was built over it. To this day, people flock to Shirdi to pay homage to Shri Sai Baba	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729450
__label__cc	0.624399	0.375601	Arab Forum Reviews SDG Progress, Crafts Messages for HLPF The ESCWA Executive Secretary announced the launch of the Young ESCWA initiative, which aims to be an incubator for innovative solutions to improve the lives of people in the Arab region. AFSD-19 addressed progress on the five SDGs under review in 2019: SDGs 4, 8, 10, 13 and 16, in addition to Goal 17 reviewed each year. Countries shared lessons learned on VNRs, including the importance of establishing an institutional structure for sustainable development that is linked to coordination committees and thematic task forces to facilitate the development of VNRs. 12 April 2019: The Arab Forum for Sustainable Development (AFSD) reflected on progress towards the five SDGs that will be reviewed at the July 2019 session of the UN High-level Political Forum on Sustainable Development (HLPF), in addition to Goal 17, which is reviewed each year. AFSD-19 focused on the theme, ‘Empowering People and Ensuring Inclusiveness and Equality in the Arab Region.’ The UN Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA) organized the AFSD, which convened from 9-11 April 2019 in Beirut, Lebanon. Over 300 participants attended the Forum. In an opening address, UN Deputy Secretary-General Amina Mohammed said that the world is “not on track to deliver on the ambitions we set for ourselves,” but emphasized that the world is “determined to carry everyone along in our journey to 2030 and leave no one behind.” She said the Arab region, like many others, faces challenges including “insufficient growth, unemployment, inequality, climate change and natural disasters,” as well as challenges related to poverty, education and gender equality. Mohammed said the UN is working to achieve “more cohesive, adaptable and accountable UN country teams” to help support SDG implementation. In her opening remarks, ESCWA Executive Secretary Rola Dashti announced the launch of the Young ESCWA initiative, which aims to be an incubator for innovative solutions to improve the lives of people in the Arab region, including its youth. She said ESCWA aims to involve young people in internal reforms to revitalize ESCWA and increase its effectiveness and efficiency. AFSD-19 reviewed global and regional progress on the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, and addressed progress on the five Goals under review in 2019: SDG 4 (quality education), SDG 8 (decent work and economic growth), SDG 10 (reduced inequalities), SDG 13 (climate action) and SDG 16 (peace, justice and strong institutions). On education, the AFSD discussed supporting and building institutional capacity to promote environmental education and to enhance knowledge to support informed decisions on the environment as well as to create a generation conscious of environmental problems. On climate change, participants discussed the effects of climate change, including the region’s moderate vulnerability, and the need to strengthen resilience, reduce disaster risk, especially for vulnerable communities, develop informed mitigation measures, and promote research on adaptation monitoring tools and measures. AFSD-19 also supported promoting policy coherence for climate action, such as enhancing the interlinkages between climate change and water, energy and sustainable food systems, and financing climate actions, including by mainstreaming climate activities in budget allocations. The UN is working to achieve more cohesive, adaptable and accountable UN country teams to help support SDG implementation. Participants reflected on national, regional and global follow-up and review processes, including voluntary national reviews (VNRs). Dashti said Arab States’ VNRs show that most States have adopted long-term development plans and more inclusive approaches. Countries shared lessons learned on VNRs, including the importance of: establishing an institutional structure for sustainable development that is linked to coordination committees and thematic task forces to facilitate the development of VNRs; and assigning a ministry as a focal point to coordinate national efforts with other ministries and stakeholders. Participants also discussed opportunities for engaging different stakeholders, including during initial consultations on the scope and priorities of the VNR report, during data collection and during the formulation, review and approval of the report. In 2019, Algeria, Iraq, Kuwait, Mauritania, Oman and Tunisia will present VNRs from the Arab region. On messages for the 2019 HLPF, participants recognized the need for a new positive narrative on youth, including clarifying opportunities for youth to contribute to accelerating achievement of the SDGs. Participants supported the role of parliaments in monitoring progress towards the SDGs, and emphasized the need to involve parliaments in the VNR process and to promote partnerships between parliaments and other actors to enable parliaments to fulfill their oversight role and promote transparency and accountability. Participants further supported organizing a regional parliamentary forum on the 2030 Agenda in the Arab region. The AFSD-19 also discussed messages related to national public resources and financing for the SDGs, including the importance of addressing tax evasion and illicit financial flows, the need to stimulate the private sector and find innovative ways to bridge funding gaps, and the potential for international trade to become an engine for sustainable development. The AFSD-19 reflected on a number of additional messages, including addressing conflict; promoting access to information and communications technology (ICT) and promoting digital education to accelerate development; and spreading the social protection floor. In advance of the AFSD, the 2019 Regional Forum on Sustainable Development (RFSD) for Europe convened from 21-22 March 2019 in Geneva, Switzerland. The UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) held its regional forum (APFSD-6) in Bangkok, Thailand, from 27-29 March 2019. The remaining regional commissions’ meetings on sustainable development will take place in the second half of April: UN Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA): from 16-18 April 2019, in Marrakesh, Morocco; and UN Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC): from 22-26 April 2019, in Santiago, Chile. The HLPF will take place under the auspices of the UN Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) from 9-18 July 2019, in New York, US. [ESCWA Press Release on AFSD-19 Closing] [ESCWA Press Release on AFSD-19 Opening] [UN Deputy Secretary-General Statement] [AFSD-19 Website] [SDG Knowledge Hub Story on 2018 AFSD] Africa Regional Forum on Sustainable Development 2019 Forum of the Countries of Latin America and the Caribbean on Sustainable Development 2019 Arab Forum for Sustainable Development 2019 Sixth Asia-Pacific Forum on Sustainable Development (APFSD) 2019 Regional Forum on Sustainable Development for the UNECE Region High-level Political Forum on Sustainable Development (HLPF) 2019 Convened by ECOSOC 4. Quality Education8. Decent Work & Economic Growth10. Reduced Inequalities13. Climate Action16. Peace, Justice & Strong Institutions17. Partnerships for the Goals Governance, Gender, Sustainable Development, Economics & Investment, Stakeholder Participation, Climate Change, Adaptation, Mitigation, Monitoring & Evaluation, Follow-Up and Review Means of Implementation, Capacity Building & Education, Systemic Issues, Policy & Institutional Coherence, Multi-stakeholder Partnerships, Data, Monitoring & Accountability UNESCWA, UN Regional Economic & Social Commission Africa, Asia, Near East, North Africa, Western Asia HLPF 2019 Peace, Justice & Strong Institutions Report Examines Progress Towards SDG Target 16.2 on Violence against Children 18 July 2019 \| Nathalie Risse, Ph.D., SDG Knowledge Hub Report Examines Progress Towards SDG Target 16.2 o... SDG 16 Side Event Highlights Linkages with 24 Other SDG Targets 18 July 2019 \| Leila Mead, SDG Knowledge Hub SDG 16 Side Event Highlights Linkages with 24 Othe... Seven Countries Present Second Voluntary National Review of SDG Implementation 18 July 2019 \| Faye Leone, SDG Knowledge Hub Seven Countries Present Second Voluntary National ... Moving from Words to Action? HLPF Assesses Progress on Goal 17 Moving from Words to Action? HLPF Assesses Progres... Civil Society Report Provides Guidance on Crafting “Spotlight Reports” Civil Society Report Provides Guidance on Crafting... SIWI Policy Briefs Highlight Water Diplomacy, Water Resource Management in Achieving SDGs 18 July 2019 \| Delia Paul, SDG Knowledge Hub SIWI Policy Briefs Highlight Water Diplomacy, Wate...	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729451
__label__wiki	0.74424	0.74424	Nordic Countries Advance Cooperation on SDGs Prime Ministers from Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden discussed how the Nordic Region can cooperate on achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Nordic Council President Henrik Dam Kristensen said the Prime Ministers’ debate on the SDGs marked “the beginning of an increased effort to put SDGs on the political agenda” and ensure the SDGs become a reality in the region and in the world. 3 November 2016: Prime Ministers from Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden discussed how the Nordic Region can cooperate on achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), at the 68th Session of the Nordic Council. Speakers highlighted gender equality and women’s empowerment, and the region’s potential to serve as a leading example in achieving the SDGs. The Nordic Council is the inter-parliamentary body of the four countries and Iceland. The Faroe Islands, Greenland and the Åland islands also participate in the Council. Speakers at the 68th session, which convened in Copenhagen, Denmark, from 1-3 November 2016, called for the region to take a leading role in achieving the SDGs. They particularly highlighted the Nordic welfare system as a model for others. Sweden’s Prime Minister, Stefan Löfven, said the strength of the Nordic welfare system and the region’s equal societies “inspire others” and have made the region “the most competitive and integrated” in the world. Finland’s Prime Minister, Juha Sipilä suggested that the Nordic welfare model “should be an export product,” and can be a contribution to reaching the SDGs. The Faroe Islands Prime Minister, Aksel Vilhelmson Johannesen, described the Nordic social model as the epitome of sustainable development, emphasizing the region’s respect for human rights, low levels of corruption and promotion of equality and democracy. Finland’s Prime Minister called to redouble efforts to achieve SDG 5 on gender equality, noting that not even the Nordic countries have met the SDG 5 targets. On women, Sipilä, called for redoubling efforts to achieve SDG 5 (Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls), noting that not even the Nordic countries have met the SDG 5 targets. Norway’s Prime Minister, Erna Solberg, also supported focusing on gender equality. On other SDGs, Denmark’s Prime Minister, Lars Løkke Rasmussen, highlighted the importance of SDG 4 (Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all). Prime Ministers also addressed SDGs on climate, energy and the environment. Nordic Council President Henrik Dam Kristensen said the Prime Ministers’ debate on the SDGs marked “the beginning of an increased effort to put SDG’s on the political agenda” and ensure the SDGs become a reality in the region and in the world. The Nordic Council appointed Sonja Mandt, Norway, to lead a working group on a more sustainable, prosperous and equal future in the Nordic region and globally. The Council also discussed accountability, and noted its determination to push Nordic governments to implement the SDGs over the next 15 years. The Council addressed a number of other issues, including peace and security and the refugee crisis. The Council welcomed Sweden’s place on the UN Security Council (UNSC). Margot Wallström, Sweden’s Minister for Foreign Affairs, said Sweden will work to benefit women, peace and security in its role on the UNSC. The Council awarded its Environment Prize to the creators of an app, ‘Too Good to Go,’ that aims to change how consumers and businesses approach food waste and resource consumption. [Nordic Council 68th Session] [68th Session News] [Nordic Council Press Release on Environment Prize] [UNRIC Press Release] 4. Quality Education5. Gender Equality7. Affordable & Clean Energy13. Climate Action16. Peace, Justice & Strong Institutions17. Partnerships for the Goals Governance, Gender, Sustainable Development, Agriculture & Food Security, Human Rights & Indigenous Peoples, National Action, Follow-Up and Review Intergovernmental Organization, National Government On Day 2 of HLPF Ministerial Segment, 21 Countries Present VNRs On Day 2 of HLPF Ministerial Segment, 21 Countries... ECE Regional Forum Exchanges Ideas on Indicators, SDG Implementation Challenges 27 April 2017 \| Lynn Wagner, Ph.D., Group Director, SDG Knowledge Program ... ECE Regional Forum Exchanges Ideas on Indicators, ... WEF Launches Partnerships on Circular Economy, Oceans, Skills Development 30 January 2018 \| Catherine Benson Wahlén, SDG Knowledge Hub WEF Launches Partnerships on Circular Economy, Oce... UNGA Continues Addressing SDG Priorities, Ratification of Paris Agreement 22 September 2016 \| Catherine Benson Wahlén, SDG Knowledge Hub UNGA Continues Addressing SDG Priorities, Ratifica... OECD Finds Advanced Economies Need to Accelerate SDG Implementation 23 May 2019 \| Catherine Benson Wahlén, SDG Knowledge Hub OECD Finds Advanced Economies Need to Accelerate S... UNGA Debate Speakers Cite Actions to Implement SDGs, Paris Agreement UNGA Debate Speakers Cite Actions to Implement SDG...	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729452
__label__cc	0.615351	0.384649	SEENPM News Media developments Kosovo* SEENPM Publications About MCCM No Impunity Reporters without Borders issues 2016 World Press Freedom Index TOPICS:freedom of expressionmedia freedompress freedom The 2016 edition of the World Press Freedom Index, which Reporters Without Borders (RSF) published on 20 April, 2016, shows that there has been a deep and disturbing decline in respect for media freedom at both the global and regional levels. Most of the movement in the 2016 World Press Freedom Index is indicative of a climate of fear and tension combined with increasing control over newsrooms by governments and private-sector interests. The 2016 World Press Freedom Index reflects the intensity of the attacks on journalistic freedom and independence by governments, ideologies and private-sector interests during the past year. Ever since the 2013 index, Reporters Without Borders has been calculating indicators of the overall level of media freedom violations in each of the world’s regions and worldwide. The higher the figure, the worse the situation. The global indicator has gone from 3719 points last year to 3857 points this year, a 3.71% deterioration. The decline since 2013 is 13.6%. Seen as a benchmark throughout the world, the Index ranks 180 countries according to the freedom allowed journalists. It also includes indicators of the level of media freedom violations in each region. These show that Europe (with 19.8 points) still has the freest media, followed distantly by Africa (36.9), which for the first time overtook the Americas (37.1), a region where violence against journalists is on the rise. Asia (43.8) and Eastern Europe/Central Asia (48.4) follow, while North Africa/Middle East (50.8) is still the region where journalists are most subjected to constraints of every kind. The Central Asia/Eastern Europe region’s already bad score deteriorated by 5% as a result of the increasingly glacial environment for media freedom and free speech in countries with authoritarian regimes. Europe threatened by demons, its own and the world’s The past year seems to have confirmed the trend seen in the 2015 Index – progressive erosion of the European model. Counter-espionage and counter-terrorist measures were misused. Laws were passed allowing mass surveillance. Conflicts of interest increased. Authorities tightened their grip on state media and sometimes privately-owned media as well. All in all, the continent that respects media freedom most seemed to be on a downhill course. Poland (47th, down 29) fell spectacularly in the 2016 index as a result of the government’s declared aim of restoring foreign-owned Polish media to Polish ownership and a law, enacted in early 2016, allowing the government to hire and fire those who run Poland’s public radio and television. In Hungary (67th), the government controlled a Media Council tasked with ensuring respect for “public decency” and “human dignity” as well as defining them. Media ownership by conglomerates with a wide range of business interests has long posed a threat to journalistic independence, but the threat is growing and is endangering the European model. This is the case in France (45th), where most of the private-sector national media are now owned by a handful of businessmen with interests in areas of the economy unrelated to the media. In Bulgaria (113th, down 7), which has the European Union’s lowest ranking, politicians and interest groups control most of the media. In Macedonia (118th), selective allocation of state advertising was used to control and gag the media. In the United Kingdom (38th, down 4), the police used the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act (RIPA) to violate the confidentiality of journalists’ sources, while the number of police raids with the same objective increased in Italy (7th, down 4), a country where threats from the mafia are also frequent. Southeastern Europe was not spared. Physical violence was reported in Croatia (65th, down 5) and Serbia (59th), where journalists were taken hostage or were the targets of petrol bombs. Some of the threats to journalists were directly linked to rising nationalism, such as the death threats in Sweden (8th, down 3) and the physical attacks during anti-Muslim demonstrations in Germany (16th, down 4). And finally, it was in Paris that the attack on Charlie Hebdo took place on 7 January 2015, an attack masterminded from Yemen. So, Europe was also the victim of the world’s demons. What does the Index measure? The Index is based on an evaluation of media freedom that measures pluralism, media independence, the quality of the legal framework and the safety of journalists in 180 countries. It is compiled by means of a questionnaire in 20 languages that is completed by experts all over the world. This qualitative analysis is combined with quantitative data on abuses and acts of violence against journalists during the period evaluated. The Index is not an indicator of the quality of journalism in each country, nor does it rank public policies, even if governments obviously have a major impact on their country’s ranking. Call for Registration: Mapping organizations working on media and information literacy in the Western Balkans and Turkey Western Balkans: Journalists insufficiently promote quality journalism on social networks Serbian Journalism in Free Fall Call for Scholarship Applications: Global Media and Information Literacy Week 2019 Youth Agenda Forum Media developments, Serbia Croatia, Hungary, Media developments, Slovenia Hungary and Croatia Try to Silence Slovenian Media CPJ troubled by prosecution of Julian Assange SEENPM SEENPM promotes excellence in journalism through policy initiatives, research and training in South East European countries. It aims to support the development of independent media and strengthen relations among journalists. arrested journalists arrests of journalists attacks against journalists attacks on journalists censorship end impunity fake news freedom of expression freedom of speech hate speech independent media internet investigative journalism investigative reporting journalists' safety media and information literacy media development media financing media freedom media funding media independence media integrity media literacy media ownership media pluralism MIL online OSCE political influence on media political pressures on media press freedom pressures on journalists pressures on media propaganda PSB PSBs PSM public service broadcaster public service broadcasters public service media safety of journalists self-regulation South East Europe threats against journalists violence against journalists * - References to Kosovo are without prejudice to positions on status. They are in line with United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244/99 and the opinion by the International Court of Justice on the Kosovo declaration of independence. Copyright 2019 SEENPM \| Powered by Digital Magic	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729453
__label__wiki	0.950702	0.950702	Borough status in the United Kingdom Title: Borough status in the United Kingdom Subject: Lincoln, England, Bacup, Cheshire East, Luton, Reading, Berkshire Borough status in the United Kingdom is granted by royal charter to local government districts in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. The status is purely honorary, and does not give any additional powers to the council or inhabitants of the district. In Scotland, similarly chartered communities were known as royal burghs, although the status is no longer granted. 1 Origins of borough status 2 Modern borough status 2.1 England and Wales 2.1.1 England 2.1.2 Wales 2.2 Northern Ireland Origins of borough status Until the local government reforms of 1973 and 1974, boroughs were communities possessing charters of incorporation conferring considerable powers, and were governed by a municipal corporation headed by a mayor. The corporations had been reformed by legislation beginning in 1835 (1840 in Ireland). By the time of their abolition there were three types: County boroughs Municipal or non-county boroughs Rural boroughs Many of the older boroughs could trace their origin to medieval charters or were boroughs by prescription, with Saxon origins. Most of the boroughs created after 1835 were new industrial, resort or suburban towns that had grown up after the industrial revolution. Borough corporations could also have the status of a city. For pre-1974 boroughs, see Municipal Corporations Act 1835, Boroughs incorporated in England and Wales 1835–1882, Unreformed boroughs in England and Wales 1835–1886, Boroughs incorporated in England and Wales 1882–1974, Municipal Corporations (Ireland) Act 1840 Modern borough status Outside Greater London, borough status is granted to metropolitan and non-metropolitan districts under the provisions of section 245 of the Local Government Act 1972. This section allows the council of a district to petition the monarch for a charter granting borough status. The resolution must have the support of at least two-thirds of the councillors. Having received the petition the monarch may, on the advice of the Privy Council, grant a charter whereupon: The district becomes a borough The district council becomes the borough council The chairman and vice-chairman become entitled to the style mayor and deputy mayor of the borough, except in councils that have an elected mayor under the Local Government Act 2000. Charters granted under the 1972 Act may allow the borough council to appoint "local officers of dignity" previously appointed by an abolished borough corporation. Examples include: Honorary Recorder: some borough and city councils have the right to appoint a circuit judge or recorder appointed under the Courts Act 1971 as honorary recorder. Usually this is the senior judge in the council's area. Sheriff: These are appointed in a number of boroughs and cities that were formerly counties corporate. High Steward: originally a judicial office, often held by a peer, now entirely ceremonial. There is no obligation on the council to appoint persons to these positions. In some boroughs the mayor has the additional title as "Admiral of the Port", recalling an historic jurisdiction. The Lord Mayors of Chester and Kingston-upon-Hull are Admirals of the Dee and the Humber respectively, the Mayor of Medway is Admiral of the River Medway, and the Mayors of Poole and Southampton are Admirals of those ports.[1][2][3][4][5] Privileges or rights belonging to citizens or burgesses of a former borough can be transferred to the inhabitants of the new borough. Borough councils are permitted to pass a resolution admitting "persons of distinction" and persons who have "rendered eminent service" to be an honorary freeman of the borough. This power has been used to grant freedom not only to individuals, but to units and ships of the armed forces. Borough charters granted under section 245 of the Local Government Act 1972 to metropolitan and non-metropolitan districts of England Year of charter Previous boroughs Allerdale 4 June 1992[6] Workington (1883) Charter trustees for Workington had existed 1974 to 1982 Amber Valley 17 May 1989[7] None Ashford 1 April 1974[8][9] Tenterden (reformed 1835) Tenterden formed a town council in 1974 Barnsley 1 April 1974[8][9] Barnsley (1869) Barrow-in-Furness 1 April 1974[8][9] Barrow-in-Furness (1867) Basildon 26 October 2010[10][11] None Basingstoke and Deane 20 January 1978[12] Basingstoke (reformed 1835) Basingstoke had charter trustees 1974–1978 Bath 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Bath (reformed 1835) Abolished 1996 Bedford See North Bedfordshire Berwick-upon-Tweed 1 April 1974[8][9] Berwick-upon-Tweed (reformed 1835) Abolished in April 2009. Civic functions transferred to Berwick-upon-Tweed Town Council.[13] Beverley 1 April 1974[8][9] Beverley (reformed 1835) Renamed East Yorkshire Borough of Beverley 1981. Abolished 1996. Birmingham 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Birmingham (1838), Sutton Coldfield (1885)[14] Blackburn 1 April 1974[8][9] Blackburn (1851), Darwen (1878) Renamed Blackburn with Darwen 1997 Blackpool 1 April 1974[8][9] Blackpool (1876) Blyth Valley 1 April 1974[8][9] Blyth (1922) Abolished in April 2009.[13] Bolton 1 April 1974[8][9] Bolton (1838) Boothferry 28 April 1978[15] Goole (1933) Goole had charter trustees 1974–1978. Abolished 1996. Boston 1 April 1974[8][9] Boston (reformed 1835) Bournemouth 1 April 1974[8][9] Bournemouth (1890) Bracknell Forest 27 April 1988[16] None Bradford 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Bradford (1847) Brentwood 10 March 1993[17] None Brighton 1 April 1974[8][9] Brighton (1854) Abolished 1997. Brighton & Hove 1 April 1997[18] (granted city status in 2000) Formed from Brighton, Hove districts Bristol 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Bristol (reformed 1835) Broxbourne 1 April 1974[8][9] None Broxtowe 10 November 1977[12] None Burnley 1 April 1974[8][9] Burnley (1861) Bury 1 April 1974[8][9] Bury (1876) Calderdale 1 April 1974[8][9] Halifax (1848), Brighouse (1893), Todmorden (1896) Cambridge 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Cambridge (reformed 1835) Canterbury 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Canterbury (reformed 1835) Carlisle 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Carlisle (reformed 1835) Castle Morpeth 1 April 1974[8][9] Morpeth (reformed 1835) Abolished in April 2009.[13][19] Castle Point 1992[20] None Charnwood 1 April 1974[8][9] Loughborough (1888) Chelmsford 10 November 1977[12] Chelmsford (1888) Chelmsford had charter trustees 1974–1977 Granted city status in 2012 Cheltenham 1 April 1974[8][9] Cheltenham (1876) Cheshire East 2009[21] Congleton, Crewe and Nantwich, Macclesfield Created April 2009 Cheshire West and Chester 2009[21] Chester, Ellesmere Port and Neston, Vale Royal Created April 2009 Chester 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Chester (reformed 1835) Abolished April 2009 Chesterfield 1 April 1974[8][9] Chesterfield (reformed 1835) Chorley 1 April 1974[8][9] Chorley (1881) Christchurch 1 April 1974[8][9] Christchurch (reformed 1886) Cleethorpes 11 September 1975[22] Cleethorpes (1936) Cleethorpes had charter trustees 1974–1975. Borough abolished 1996 Colchester 1 April 1974[8][9] Colchester (reformed 1835) Congleton 1 April 1974[8][9] Congleton (reformed 1835) Abolished April 2009 Copeland 1 April 1974[8][9] Whitehaven (1894) Corby 28 October 1992[17] None Coventry 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Coventry (reformed 1835) Crawley 1 April 1974[8][9] None Crewe and Nantwich 1 April 1974[8][9] Crewe (1877) Abolished April 2009 Dacorum 10 October 1984[23] Hemel Hempstead (1898) Hemel Hempstead had charter trustees 1974–1984 Darlington 1 April 1974[8][9] Darlington (1867) Dartford 22 April 1977[24] Dartford (1933) Dartford had charter trustees 1974–1977 Derby 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status in 1977) Derby (reformed 1835) Doncaster 1 April 1974[8][9] Doncaster (reformed 1835) Dudley 1 April 1974[8][9] Dudley (1865), Stourbridge (1914), Halesowen (1936) Durham 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Durham and Framwelgate (reformed 1835) Abolished April 2009. Charter Trustees established.[25] East Staffordshire 11 May 1992[17] Burton upon Trent (1878) Charter trustees for Burton functioned 1974–1992. They were formally abolished in 2003. East Yorkshire See North Wolds East Yorkshire Borough of Beverley See Beverley Eastbourne 1 April 1974[8][9] Eastbourne (1883) Eastleigh 1 April 1974[8][9] Eastleigh (1936) Ellesmere Port 1 April 1974[8][9] Ellesmere Port (1955) renamed Ellesmere Port and Neston 1976. Abolished April 2009. Elmbridge 1 April 1974[8][9] None Epsom and Ewell 1 April 1974[8][9] Epsom and Ewell (1937) Erewash 1975 Ilkeston (1887) Ilkeston had charter trustees 1974–1975 Exeter 1 April 1974[8][9](and city status) Exeter (reformed 1835) Fareham 1 April 1974[8][9] None Fylde 1 April 1974[8][9] Lytham St. Annes (1922) Gateshead 1 April 1974[8][9] Gateshead (reformed 1835) Gedling 1 April 1974[8][9] None Gillingham 1 April 1974[8][9] Gillingham (1903) Abolished 1996 Glanford 1 April 1974[8][9] None Abolished 1996 Gloucester 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Gloucester (reformed 1835) Gosport 1 April 1974[8][9] Gosport (1922) Gravesham 1 April 1974[8][9] Gravesend (reformed 1835) Great Yarmouth 1 April 1974[8][9] Great Yarmouth (reformed 1835) Grimsby 1 April 1974[8][9] Grimsby (reformed 1835) Renamed Great Grimsby 1979, abolished 1996. Guildford 1 April 1974[8][9] Guildford (reformed 1835) Halton 1 April 1974[8][9] Widnes (1892) Harrogate 1 April 1974[8][9] Harrogate (1884) Hartlepool 1 April 1974[8][9] Hartlepool formed 1967 from Hartlepool (1850), West Hartlepool (1887) Hastings 1 April 1974[8][9] Hastings (reformed 1835) Havant 1 April 1974[8][9] None Hereford 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Hereford (reformed 1835) Abolished 1998 Hertsmere 15 April 1977[24] None High Peak 1 April 1974[8][9] Glossop (1866), Buxton (1917) Hinckley and Bosworth 1 April 1974[8][9] None Holderness 21 June 1977[26] Hedon (1861) (formed a town council in 1974) Abolished 1996 Hove 1 April 1974[8][9] Hove (1898) Abolished 1997 Hyndburn 1 April 1974[8][9] Accrington (1878) Ipswich 1 April 1974[8][9] Ipswich (reformed 1835) Kettering 1 April 1974[8][9] Kettering (1938) King's Lynn and West Norfolk See West Norfolk Kingston upon Hull 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Kingston upon Hull (reformed 1835) Kingswood 20 May 1987[7] None Abolished 1996 Kirklees 1 April 1974[8][9] Huddersfield (1868), Batley (1868), Spenborough (1955) Knowsley 1 April 1974[8][9] None Lancaster 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Lancaster (reformed 1835) Langbaurgh 1 April 1974[8][9] Formed from part of Teesside county borough, created in 1967, and including Redcar (incorporated in 1921) Renamed Langbaurgh on Tees 1988 Renamed Redcar and Cleveland 1996 Leeds 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Leeds (reformed 1835) Leicester 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Leicester (reformed 1835) Lincoln 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Lincoln, Lincolnshire (reformed 1835) Liverpool 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Liverpool (reformed 1835) Luton 1 April 1974[8][9] Luton (1876) Macclesfield 1 April 1974[8][9] Macclesfield (reformed 1835) Abolished April 2009 Maidstone 1 April 1974[8][9] Maidstone (reformed 1835) Manchester 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Manchester (1838) Medina 1 April 1974[8][9] Newport (reformed 1835), Ryde (1868) Abolished 1995 Medway (1) 1 April 1974[8][9] Rochester (reformed 1835), Chatham (1890) Renamed Rochester-upon-Medway 1979, and awarded city status. Abolished 1998 Medway (2) 1998 From Rochester upon Medway, Gillingham boroughs (q.v.) Melton (borough) 1 April 1974[8][9] None Middlesbrough 1 April 1974[8][9] Formed from part of Teesside county borough, created in 1967, and including Middlesbrough (incorporated in 1853) Milton Keynes 1 April 1974[8][9] None Newcastle-under-Lyme 1 April 1974[8][9] Newcastle-under-Lyme (reformed 1835) Newcastle upon Tyne 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Newcastle upon Tyne (reformed 1835) Northampton[27] 1 April 1974[8][9] Northampton (reformed 1835) North Bedfordshire 1975 Bedford (reformed 1835) Renamed Bedford 1992 North East Lincolnshire 1996 From Cleethorpes, Great Grimsby boroughs (q.v.) Both former boroughs formed charter trustees North Lincolnshire 1998 Formed from Boothferry, Glanford, and Scunthorpe boroughs (q.v.) Scunthorpe's mayoralty is continued by charter trustees North Tyneside 1 April 1974[8][9] Tynemouth (1849), Wallsend (1901) North Warwickshire 1 April 1974[8][9] None North Wolds 1 April 1974[8][9] Bridlington (1899) Renamed East Yorkshire 1981. Norwich 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Norwich (reformed 1835) Nottingham 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Nottingham (reformed 1835) Nuneaton 1 April 1974[8][9] Nuneaton (1907) Renamed Nuneaton and Bedworth 1980 Oadby and Wigston 1 April 1974[8][9] None Oldham 1 April 1974[8][9] Oldham (1849) Oswestry 1 April 1974[8][9] Oswestry Rural Borough (reformed 1835) Abolished in April 2009. Oxford 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Oxford (reformed 1835) Pendle 15 September 1976[22] Nelson (1890), Colne (1895) Peterborough 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Peterborough (1874) Plymouth 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Plymouth (reformed 1835) Poole 1 April 1974[8][9] Poole (reformed 1835) Portsmouth 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Portsmouth (reformed 1835) Preston 1 April 1974[8][9] (granted city status in 2002) Preston (reformed 1835) Reading 1 April 1974[8][9] Reading (reformed 1835) Redcar and Cleveland See Langbaurgh Redditch 15 May 1980[28] None Reigate and Banstead 1 April 1974[8][9] Reigate (reformed (1863) Restormel 1 April 1974[8][9] St. Austell with Fowey (formed 1968, including Fowey 1913) Abolished in April 2009. Ribble Valley 1 April 1974[8][9] Clitheroe (reformed 1835) Rochdale 1 April 1974[8][9] Rochdale (1856), Heywood (1881), Middleton (1886) Rochester upon Medway See Medway (1) Rossendale 1 April 1974[8][9] Bacup (1882), Haslingden (1891), Rawtenstall (1891) Rotherham 1 April 1974[8][9] Rotherham, (1871) Rugby 1 April 1974[8][9] Rugby (1932) Runnymede 20 January 1978[12] None Rushcliffe 1 April 1974[8][9] None Rushmoor 1 April 1974[8][9] Aldershot (1922) St Albans 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) St Albans (reformed 1835) St Edmundsbury 1 April 1974[8][9] Bury St Edmunds (reformed 1835) St Helens 1 April 1974[8][9] St Helens (1868) Salford 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Salford (1844), Eccles (1892), Swinton and Pendlebury (1934) Sandwell 1 April 1974[8][9] West Bromwich (1882), including since 1966 the former boroughs of Tipton (1938) and Wednesbury (1886);[29] Warley (1966), including the former boroughs of Smethwick (1899), Rowley Regis (1933), and Oldbury(1935) Scarborough 1 April 1974[8][9] Scarborough (reformed 1835) Scunthorpe 1 April 1974[8][9] Scunthorpe (1936) Abolished 1996 Sedgefield 1996 None Abolished April 2009. Mayoralty continued by Sedgefield Town Council[25] Sefton 1975 Southport (1866), Bootle (1868), Crosby (1937) All three towns formed charter trustees 1974–1975 Sheffield 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Sheffield (1843) Shrewsbury and Atcham 1 April 1974[8][9] Shrewsbury (reformed 1835) Abolished in April 2009.[30] Slough 1 April 1974[8][9] Slough (1938) Solihull 1 April 1974[8][9] Solihull (1954) Southampton 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Southampton (reformed 1835) Southend-on-Sea 1 April 1974[8][9] Southend-on-Sea (1892) South Ribble 1 April 1974[8][9] None South Tyneside 1 April 1974[8][9] South Shields (1850), Jarrow (1875) South Wight 1974? None Abolished 1995 Spelthorne 1 April 1974[8][9] None Stafford 1 April 1974[8][9] Stafford (reformed 1835) Stevenage 1 April 1974[8][9] None Stockport 1 April 1974[8][9] Stockport (reformed 1835) Stockton-on-Tees 1 April 1974[8][9] Formed from part of Teesside county borough, created in 1967, and including Stockton-on-Tees (reformed 1835) and Thornaby-on-Tees (incorporated in 1892) Stoke-on-Trent 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Stoke-on-Trent formed 1910, including boroughs of Hanley (incorporated in 1857), Longton (1865), Burslem (1878), Stoke-upon-Trent (1874). Sunderland 1 April 1974[8][9] (granted city status in 1992) Sunderland (reformed 1835) Surrey Heath 1 April 1974[8][9] None Swale 20 January 1978[12] Faversham (reformed 1835), Queenborough-in-Sheppey (created 1968, including borough of Queenborough, reformed in 1885) Queenborough-in-Sheppey formed charter trustees 1974–1977 Swindon See Thamesdown Tameside 1 April 1974[8][9] Ashton-under-Lyne (1847), Stalybridge (1857), Hyde (1881), Mossley (1885), Dukinfield (1899) Tamworth 1 April 1974[8][9] Tamworth (reformed 1835) Taunton Deane 1975 Taunton (1885) Taunton had charter trustees 1974–1975 Telford and Wrekin 2002 None Test Valley 22 October 1976[22] Andover, Romsey, both reformed 1835 Andover had charter trustees 1974–1976. Romsey formed a town council. Tewkesbury 1 April 1974[8][9] Tewkesbury (reformed 1835) Thamesdown 1 April 1974[8][9] Swindon (1900) Renamed Swindon 1997 Thurrock 1 April 1974[8][9] None Tonbridge and Malling 12 December 1983[31] None Torbay 1 April 1974[8][9] County borough of Torbay – created 1968, and including the borough of Torquay incorporated in 1892 Trafford 1 April 1974[8][9] Stretford (1933), Sale (1935), Altrincham (1937) Tunbridge Wells 1 April 1974[8][9] Royal Tunbridge Wells (1888) Charter trustees for Royal Tunbridge Wells existed from 1 April to 20 December 1974 Vale Royal 5 May 1988[16] None Abolished April 2009 Wakefield 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Pontefract (reformed 1835), Wakefield (1848), Ossett (1890), Castleford (1955) Walsall 1 April 1974[8][9][32] Walsall (reformed 1835) Warrington 1 April 1974[8][9] Warrington (1847) Watford 1 April 1974[8][9] Watford (1922) Waverley 21 February 1984[31] Godalming (reformed 1835) Godalming formed a town council in 1974 Wellingborough 1 April 1974[8][9] None Welwyn Hatfield 2006 None West Devon 27 April 1982[33] Okehampton (reformed 1885) Okehampton formed a town council in 1974 West Norfolk 30 June 1981[28] King's Lynn (reformed 1835) Renamed King's Lynn and West Norfolk 14 May 1981[28] West Lancashire 2009[34] None Weymouth and Portland 1 April 1974[8][9] Weymouth and Melcombe Regis (reformed 1835) Wigan 1 April 1974[8][9] Wigan (reformed 1835), Leigh (1899) Winchester 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Winchester (reformed 1835) Windsor and Maidenhead 1 April 1974[8][9] (Royal Borough) Windsor, Maidenhead, both reformed 1835 Wirral 1 April 1974[8][9] Birkenhead (1877), Wallasey (1910), Bebington (1937) Woking 1 April 1974[8][9] none Wokingham 2007[35] Wokingham (reformed 1883) Wokingham formed a town council in 1974 Wolverhampton 1 April 1974.[8][9] Granted city status 2000 Wolverhampton (1848). Had absorbed the borough of Bilston in 1967 (incorporated in 1938). Worcester 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) Worcester (reformed 1835) Worthing 1 April 1974[8][9] Worthing, 1890 Wyre 1 April 1974[8][9] Fleetwood (1933) York (1) 1 April 1974[8][9] (and city status) York (reformed 1835) The District was abolished and replaced with a larger unitary authority in 1996 York (2) 1996 (and city status) Created in 1996. Inherited traditions from the smaller York district. Greater London is divided into thirty-two London boroughs. Their borough status dates from 1965, although each of them had previously included municipal, county or metropolitan boroughs: Barking Barking (1931), Dagenham (1938) Renamed Barking and Dagenham 1981 Barnet Hendon (1932), Finchley (1933) Bexley Bexley (1937), Erith (1938) Brent Willesden (1933), Wembley (1937) Bromley Bromley (1903), Beckenham (1935) Camden Hampstead, Holborn, St Pancras all created 1900 Croydon Croydon (1883) Ealing Ealing (1901), Acton (1921), Southall (1936) Enfield Southgate (1933), Edmonton (1937), Enfield (1955) Greenwich (Royal Borough) Greenwich, Woolwich both created 1900 Hackney Hackney, Shoreditch, Stoke Newington all created 1900 Hammersmith Hammersmith, Fulham both created 1900 Renamed Hammersmith and Fulham 1981 Haringey Hornsey (1903), Wood Green (1933), Tottenham (1934) Harrow Harrow (1954) Havering Romford (1937) Hillingdon Uxbridge (1955) Hounslow Brentford and Chiswick, Heston and Isleworth both incorporated in 1932 Islington Islington, Finsbury both created 1900 Kensington and Chelsea (Royal Borough) Kensington, Chelsea both created 1900 Kingston upon Thames (Royal Borough) Kingston upon Thames (reformed 1835), Malden and Coombe (1936), Surbiton (1936) Lambeth Lambeth created 1900 Lewisham Lewisham, Deptford both created 1900 Merton Wimbledon (1905), Mitcham (1934) Newham West Ham (1886), East Ham (1904) Redbridge Ilford (1926), Wanstead and Woodford (1937) Richmond upon Thames Richmond (1890), Twickenham (1926), Barnes (1932) Southwark Bermondsey, Camberwell, Southwark all created 1900 Sutton Sutton and Cheam (1934), Beddington and Wallington (1937) Tower Hamlets Bethnal Green, Poplar, Stepney all created 1900 Waltham Forest Leyton (1926), Walthamstow (1929), Chingford (1938) Wandsworth Battersea, Wandsworth both created 1900 Westminster (and city status) Paddington, St Marylebone, Westminster all created 1900 Borough charters granted under section 245 of the Local Government Act 1972 to Welsh districts Aberconwy 1974 Conway (1885) Afan 1974 Port Talbot (formed 1921, including borough of Aberavon, reformed 1861) Renamed Port Talbot 1986 Arfon 1974 Caernarvon (reformed 1835), Bangor (reformed 1883) Bangor and Caernarfon formed town councils Blaenau Gwent 1975 None Brecknock 1974 Brecon (reformed 1835) Brecon formed a town council Cardiff 1974 (and city status) Cardiff (reformed 1835) Colwyn 1974 Colwyn Bay (1934) Cynon Valley By November 1974 None Delyn 1974 Flint (reformed 1835) Flint formed a town council Dinefwr 1974 Llandovery (reformed 1835) Llandovery formed a town council Islwyn 1974 None Llanelli 1974 Kidwelly (reformed 1885), Llanelli (1913) Kidwelly and Llanelli formed town councils Lliw Valley 1974 None Merthyr Tydfil 1974 Merthyr Tydfil (1905) Monmouth 1988 Monmouth (reformed 1835), Abergavenny (1899) Abergavenny and Monmouth formed town councils Neath 1974 Neath (reformed 1835) Neath formed a town council Newport 1974 (granted city status in 2002) Newport (reformed 1835) Ogwr 1974 None Port Talbot See Afan Rhondda 1974 Rhondda (1955) Rhuddlan 1974 None Swansea 1974 (and city status) Swansea (reformed 1835) Taff-Ely 1974 None Torfaen 1974 None Vale of Glamorgan 1974 Cowbridge (1887), Barry (1938) Cowbridge and Barry formed town councils Wrexham Maelor 1974 Wrexham (1857) Ynys Mon – Isle of Anglesey 1974 Beaumaris (reformed 1835) Beaumaris formed a town council The districts created in 1974 were abolished in 1996 by the Local Government (Wales) Act 1994. The 1994 Act amended section 245 of the Local Government Act 1972, allowing for the new unitary county councils established by the Act to apply for a charter in a similar manner to the old district councils. On receiving a charter a county became a "county borough". Welsh unitary authorities granted a charter in 1996 bestowing county borough status County borough Aberconwy and Colwyn Aberconwy, Colwyn Renamed Conwy 1996 Blaenau Gwent Blaenau Gwent Bridgend Ogwr Caerphilly Islwyn Cardiff Cardiff has the status of a "city and county" by letters patent Conwy See Aberconwy and Colwyn Merthyr Tydfil Merthyr Tydfil Neath and Port Talbot Neath, Port Talbot Renamed Neath Port Talbot 1996 Newport Newport Became "city and county" in 2002 Rhondda Cynon Taff Cynon Valley, Rhondda, Taff-Ely Swansea Swansea has the status of a "city and county" by letters patent Torfaen Torfaen Vale of Glamorgan Vale of Glamorgan Wrexham Wrexham Maelor Since 1973, Northern Ireland has been divided into twenty-six local government districts.[36] Under the Local Government Act (Northern Ireland) 1972 districts can have borough status either by adopting the charter of a pre-1973 municipal or county borough, or by applying for a charter granting the status.[36] It is intended that the planned reform of local government, creating eleven larger districts, will have similar provision for inheriting borough status.[37] The privileges of borough status are that the council chairperson is called "mayor" and up to one quarter of councillors can be called "alderman".[36] Northern Ireland Local Government Districts with Borough status Antrim 9 May 1977 Ards 1927 (charter of Newtownards) Armagh Has no borough charter, but does have city status granted by letters patent in 1994 Ballymena 1937 Ballymoney 1977 Belfast (City) Charter reformed 1840. City status by letters patent of 1888. Carrickfergus 1939 Castlereagh 1977 Coleraine 1928 Craigavon 1949 (charter of Lurgan) Dungannon and South Tyrone 1999, simultaneous with renaming from "Dungannon".[38][39] Larne 1938 Limavady 1989 Lisburn 1964. Granted city status by letters patent in 2002. Derry (City of Londonderry) Charter reformed 1840 District and borough renamed Derry 1984; name of city remains Londonderry (see Derry/Londonderry name dispute).[40] Newtownabbey 1977 North Down 1927 (charter of Bangor) City status in the United Kingdom ^ "History Facts". Chester City Council. Retrieved 14 April 2009. ^ "Lord Mayor of Hull". Hull City Council. Retrieved 14 April 2009. ^ "About Medway Council". City Ark. Medway Council. Retrieved 14 April 2009. ^ "Mayoral History – The Mayor". Borough of Poole. Retrieved 14 April 2009. ^ "Civic and Ceremonial Protocol". Southampton City Council. 14 May 2008. Retrieved 14 April 2009. ^ Candidate Information Pack. Allerdale Borough Council. April 2008. ^ a b "Bulletin of Changes of Local Authority Status, Names and Areas 1st April 1988–31st March 1989". Retrieved 15 January 2012. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh "District Councils and Boroughs". Hansard 1803–2005. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh "Table III(a)". Local Government in England and wales. a Guide to the New System. London: ^ "Orders approved at the Privy Council held by the Queen at Buckingham Palace on 21 July 2010". Orders in Council. Privy Council. 2010. Retrieved 16 September 2010. ^ "Freedom of the Borough". Basildon Council. Retrieved 16 January 2012. ^ a b c d e "Alteration of Status of Local Authorities 1975–1978". 30 January 1978. Retrieved 15 January 2012. ^ a b c "Ceremonial Rights and Privileges". Joint Transition Forum, Northumberland County Council. 30 June 2008. Retrieved 23 December 2008. ^ "Sutton Coldfield MB through time". Vision of Britain. Retrieved 2 April 2013. ^ "Alteration in Status and Areas of Local Authorities for Period February 1978 - September 1978". Department of the Environment. Retrieved 15 January 2012. ^ a b "Bulletin of Changes of Local Authority Status, Names and Areas 1st April 1987–31st March 1988". Department of the Environment. Retrieved 15 January 2012. ^ a b c "Bulletin of Changes of Local Authority Status, Names and Areas 1 April 1992 – 31 March 1993". Department of The Environment. Retrieved 15 January 2012. ^ "Past Mayors". Brighton and Hove Council. Retrieved 16 January 2012. ^ "Minutes, meeting of June 26, 2008". Castle Morpeth Borough Council. 2 July 2008. Retrieved 23 December 2008. ^ "The Civic Insignia". Castle Point Council. Retrieved 15 January 2012. ^ a b "Orders approved at the Privy Council held by the Queen at Buckingham Palace on 10th December 2008". Orders in Council. Privy Council. 2008. Retrieved 23 December 2008. ^ a b c "Alteration of Areas and Status May 1976 - November 1976". Department of the Environment. Retrieved 15 January 2012. ^ "Alteration of Areas and Status of Local Authorities 1 April 1984 – 31 March 1985". Department of the Environment. Retrieved 15 January 2012. ^ a b "Alterations of Area and Status of Local Authorities December 1976 -May 1977". Department of the Environment. Retrieved 15 January 2012. ^ a b "Ceremonial Issues arising from Local Government Review". Durham County Council. 28 August 2008. Retrieved 23 December 2008. ^ "Alteration of Status". 10 August 1977. Retrieved 15 January 2012. ^ "Northampton Charter". ^ a b c "Bulletin of Chanes in Local Authority Areas, Names andStatus 1980–1982". Department of the Environment. Retrieved 15 January 2012. ^ "Wednesbury MB through time". Vision of Britain. Retrieved 2 April 2013. ^ "Parishing of Shrewsbury". Shrewsbury and Atcham Borough Council. Retrieved 23 December 2008. ^ a b "Alteration of Areas and Status of Local Authorities 1 April 1983 – 31 March 1984". Department of the Environment. Retrieved 15 January 2012. ^ "Walsall Council:Walsall Borough Charter". Black Country History. Retrieved 15 January 2012. ^ "Alteration of Areas and Status of Local Authorities 1 April 1982 – 30 September 1982". Department of the Environment. Retrieved 15 January 2012. ^ "The Royal Charter". West Lancashire District Council. 13 May 2009. Retrieved 28 May 2009. ^ "Borough status signed, sealed and delivered!". Press Release Archive. Wokingham Council. Retrieved 10 September 2010. ^ a b c "Councillor’s Guide". Local Government Staff Commission for Northern Ireland. May 2011. p. 46. Retrieved 2 August 2013. ^ "Borough Status (AQW 1376/09)". Written Answers to Questions. NORTHERN IRELAND ASSEMBLY. 24 October 2008. Retrieved 2 August 2013. ^ "Visits to District Councils (AQW 712/99)". Written Answers to Questions. Northern Ireland Assembly. 30 June 2000. Retrieved 2 August 2013. ^ "Change of District Name (Dungannon) Order (Northern Ireland) 1999 No. 426". legislation.data.gov.uk. 14 October 1999. Retrieved 2 August 2013. ^ "Application by Derry City Council for Judicial Review". NIQB. 25 January 2007. p. WEAF5707. Retrieved 19 September 2013. The 1984 Order made under the 1972 Act had the effect of changing the name of the administrative district from Londonderry to Derry ... the name of the local government district (and the consequential changes to the names of the borough and the council) were affected by the Order in 1984. Text of charter granted to Charnwood, 15 May 1974 Charters of Hereford Minutes of Privy Councilheld on 14 March 2001, where approval was given for the grant of a charter to Telford and the Wrekin Text of charter granted to West Devon, 26 April 1982 Local Government Act 1972 Local Government (Wales) Act 1994 Whitaker's Almanac 1975, 1986, 1995 editions Local Government in England and Wales : A guide to the New System, HMSO, London 1974 Metropolitan borough (England) Municipal borough Municipal Corporations Act 1835 (1835–1882 incorporations) Metropolitan borough (London) Rural borough Ancient borough Unreformed boroughs 1835–1886 Seigneurial borough Use British English from October 2013 Use dmy dates from November 2012 CS1 errors: missing author or editor Boroughs of the United Kingdom Types of subdivision in the United Kingdom Charter trustees Wiltshire, Cornwall, Metropolitan Borough of Sefton, Cheshire West and Chester, Cleethorpes Lincoln, England Lincolnshire, Lincoln Cathedral, University of Lincoln, East Midlands, Borough status in the United Kingdom Bacup Lancashire, Rossendale, North West England, West Yorkshire, Irwell Valley Bedfordshire, Vauxhall Motors, Dunstable, Berlin, England	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729454
__label__wiki	0.76973	0.76973	Steve Adubato ON THE AIR Caucus Educational Corporation Stand & Deliver One-on-One with Steve Adubato Think Tank with Steve Adubato State Of Affairs with Steve Adubato When To Watch Community & Service NJ Business, Industry & Economy Prominent Personalities Uniquely NJ At Lincoln Center At NJPAC Caucus: New Jersey with Steve Adubato One-on-One in One Think Tank Podcast Leadership Hour Podcast Steve In The Media Exploring the Lives and Legacies of Women who Shaped History Steve Adubato goes One-on-One with Valerie Paley, PhD, Director of the Center for Women's History, to talk about how the center is the first of its kind in the nation within the walls of a major museum at the New-York Historical Society. 6/20/19 #2227 "One on One is pleased to welcome Valerie Paley, who is Director of the Center for Women's History at the New-York Historical Society. Good to see you Valerie. Nice to see you too. Tell folks what it is and why it matters so much more than ever now. The New-York Historical Society is the oldest museum in New York City. But what I direct is the newest initiative within the walls of a major museum, and that is the Center for Women's History. Imagine this. There is no such center like it in the United States, and it only opened two years ago. Let's do this. We're gonna run some pictures of different women. Do me a favor Georgette. Could we, in fact, put up some of those pictures and I'll let Valerie talk about why these women are, in fact, featured at the Historical Society of Women's History? Who do you got first? Dolley Madison? People hear Dolley Madison, but why is she so important to our history? Well I think, when you think of Dolley Madison, you think of maybe ice cream? That's right. Or the idea of the hostess with the mostest. But in fact she has been given short shrift in the historical narrative insofar as she was deeply political, and without her, James Madison couldn't have succeeded the way he did. So our exhibition, which was the inaugural exhibition two years ago, it was called Saving Washington. Partly because Dolley Madison saved the portrait of Washington during the War of 1812, but really more because Dolley and women like her, wealthy, not wealthy, made the Constitution work on the ground. They saved this aspirational notion, which was Washington, in the early 19th century. How much of the Suffrage Movement? How much is that a part of the exhibit? Well, you know, what we do is partly exhibition work, but we also do a whole lot of other things. We do public programs. Describe it. We do K-12 curriculum in women's history. We do a collecting program. Billie Jean King has given us her archive, which is a real thrill for us. We also have great scholarly fellows working in this program. So it's not just an exhibit. It's a whole center and a suite of activities around women's history, and making women's history mainstream for the public. But I'm curious. In the age of the Me Too movement, and a much... look we're... people who are running for president right now, there are a fair number of women, there are more women in Congress than ever before... not enough. Now more than ever? In a way. Yes. I mean it's..." Have a programming idea? Follow us on Caucus Educational Corporation programming is produced at numerous facilities. Click here to see the full list. ©Copyright 2018, Caucus Educational Corporation, a non-profit organization.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729464
__label__cc	0.533993	0.466007	Zach Hatch Zach Hatch is responsible for finding and curating stories best suited to Storied Media Group’s diverse partners. Zach started working with Storied Media Group as a Reader in 2017, and was quickly promoted due to his exceptional means of (re)searching. Previously, Zach spent several years collaborating with the critically acclaimed Belgian theater company, Ontroerend Goed, traveling around the world with their productions: A History of Everything (a co-production with the Sydney Theater Company) and All That Is Wrong (a co-production with Richard Jordan Productions and Theatre Royal Plymouth). Zach has also worked closely with writer/director Roxie Perkins. He served as Medical Coordinator on first season of Code Black (CBS) and as a production assistant on MacGyver (CBS). In 2016, Zach created AS ABOVE - an hour long immersive experience exploring humanity’s relationship with the sky - which ran for 5 weeks in Los Angeles’ Art’s District. He majored in Theater at University of California, Los Angeles with an emphasis on new forms of storytelling and a minor in Digital Humanities. Zach is a passionate believer in the power of storytelling, and enjoys the task of discovering compelling stories for various artists and entertainment platforms.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729470
__label__cc	0.568074	0.431926	SABR Home Main archive page Baseball Research Journal National Pastime You are here: Home Relief Pitchers ERA Advantage The Relief Pitcher's ERA Advantage By Bill James It has become increasingly common in recent years to hear that a relief pitcher's ERA is unnaturally low, by about 50 points or a full run. A relief pitcher undoubtedly has an ERA advantage over a starting pitcher, created by the fact that he often begins his work with one or two men out in the inning. If three pitchers pitch one inning, with each pitcher giving up two walks and then getting an out, the first (starting) pitcher will be charged with two runs, the second with one run, the third with none. A relief pitcher has an advantage because his share of the inning most often comes at the end of it, while the men who score the runs come at the beginning. But how large is the advantage? Who says it is a run or a half a run? Since every announcer in baseball seems determined to say that, shouldn't somebody check and see if it is true? This study, then, is an attempt to measure precisely the relief pitcher's ERA advantage. I began by compiling a list of every pitcher who pitched at least 40 games or at least 100 innings for any major league team between 1956 and 1970, and who made at least 90% of his appearances either as a starter or a reliever. There are 1006 such pitchers, 512 starters and 494 relievers. For each of these pitchers, three items of information were computed and/or recorded: the number of hits allowed per nine innings (HPG), the number of walks allowed per nine innings (WPG), and the ERA. The pitchers were then coded to indicate the number of HPG and WPG they allowed. A pitcher who allowed 5.50 to 5.99 HPG was coded "A", 6.00 to 6.49 "B", 6.50 to 6.99 "C", etc. through the letter "J", representing 10.00 to 10.49 HPG. A pitcher who allowed 1.00 to 1.49 WPG was coded "Q", 1.50 to 1.99 "R", etc. through "Z", which indicates 5.50 to 5.99 WPG. There were 40 pitchers who had such extremely high or low ratios of HPG or WPG that they were excluded, but the remaining 956 were thus divided into 100 "cells" of approximately equal pitchers. For example, the code "FT" indicates that the pitcher allowed 8.00 to 8.49 HPG and 2.50 to 2.99 WPG. There are 35 pitchers, 20 starters and 15 relievers, in cell FT. Thus for every starter, we have a field of comparable relief pitchers, and for every reliever, a field of comparable starters. The Earned Run Averages of the starters and relievers in each cell were then compiled. The complete contents of one of the smaller cells, cell GW, are given for illustrations: Klippstein Knowles Cloninger Once this was done, the information in each cell was weighted and grouped with the information from the nearby cells to improve the reliability of the data. Thus the data listed for cell GW is not identical to the content of that cell alone. An explanation of precisely how the data were grouped, as well as detailed notes of the experiment, can be obtained from the author. Thus for every range of HPG and WPG, we devise an estimate of the ERA which is typical of starters and relievers in that range, and so have a basis for comparison of essentially equivalent pitchers. The information from the "border" cells, cells coded A, J, Q, and Z and representing the highest and lowest ranges of HPG and WPG, was not sufficient to establish reliable comparisons in those ranges. The typical ERA's derived from all other cells are presented below (asterisks indicate unreliable data): B (6.00-6.49 HPG) 2.04* C (6.50-6.99 HPG) D (7.00-7.49 HPG) E (7.50-7.99 HPG) F (8.00-8.49 HPG) G (8.50-8.99 HPG) H (9.00-9.49 HPG) I (9.50-9.99 HPG) By subtracting the relief ERA's from the starting ERA's (using reliable data only), we then have 45 estimates of the relief pitcher's ERA advantage. These are: 1. There is no doubt whatsoever that a relief pitcher does enjoy an advantage in compiling his ERA. There are 45 cells giving reliable information, and in all 45 the relief pitchers have better ERA's than starters of comparable ability, as measured by statistics not affected by pitching in relief. 2. The data derived is quite consistent in suggesting an ERA advantage to the relief pitcher in the range of .15 to .25. We may with very little fear of contradiction say that a relief pitcher's ERA should be adjusted upward by .20 for accurate comparison to the ERA's of starting pitchers. © 2005 - 2019 Society for American Baseball Research - Research Journal Archives. Designed by JoomlArt.com	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729473
__label__wiki	0.596716	0.596716	Doctor Who: The Slitheen Excursion review The Slitheen are back on planet Earth, but (surprisingly) not with the intention of blowing it up. Which doesn’t mean their intentions for Earth are good! Simon Guerrier’s temporary Tenth Doctor companion, June, instantly appealed to me as a character I’d love to see the Time Lord travelling with again: she’s a feisty Classics student who has run away from a relationship break-up (her boyfriend and her best friend), and she’s run to Greece; specifically, Athens. June is making a final visit to the Parthenon before she catches the train back to England when the Doctor suddenly turns up. Intrigued by the sight of the TARDIS materialising out of nowhere, she follows the Time Lord into the sacred caves, where she finds him being held by two grey blobby aliens. She intervenes, scaring the aliens back into their ship, which the Doctor then seals. By way of thanking June (and because, as he freely admits, he likes to show off), the Doctor offers to take her back to see Ancient Greece – which is where the Slitheen come in; they’re running tourist excursions back to Ancient Greece from the future. The alien races who are taking the Slitheen excursions all hate humanity for what it’s done in their time, so the Slitheen are running gladiatorial games in which the human combatants are killed. Of course, the Doctor and June intervene to put a stop to this. June is an engaging new companion in the mould of Martha Jones, Sarah Jane Smith and Liz Shaw: very smart, quick-witted and compassionate. She’s also like Donna, urging the Doctor not to ignore the distress signal that the TARDIS picks up moments after June boards the ship, even though he tells her that answering it will be dangerous and he’s promised her, “One quick trip, just for a look round. Nothing dangerous. No getting involved in anything.” However, while June reminds me of various of the earlier companions of the Doctor, she’s her own person, not a pick-and-mix amalgam of them. I cared about June and what happened to her because she’s well-written and well-realised character. The historical aspects of this story have been well-researched and Guerrier meshes together the various parts of Greek history and mythology very well: the book is informative on Greece’s past, without ever being didactic or ever overwhelming the reader with infodumps. While Guerrier never forgets that he’s primarily writing for young readers, he doesn’t dumb down either, and he also doesn’t forget that the Doctor has encountered the Slitheen before, but he doesn’t bore his readers with too much continuity for the Ninth Doctor’s stories. Guerrier has the Tenth Doctor’s voice spot-on, and does an excellent job of capturing his manic energy, his propensity to meddle (even when he’s ill-advised to do so), and the loneliness he feels after taking Donna back to Wilf and Sylvia. I feel The Slitheen Excursion is a good blend of science-fiction and ancient history that entertains the reader, and it may even encourage one or two readers to explore the history of Ancient Greece for themselves since his author note mentions several of the books which he used for reference in writing this novel. The Slitheen Excursion (by Simon Guerrier) was released by BBC Books in April 2009. by Michele Fry Michele Fry Michele lives in Oxford, England. She's written scholarly articles on SF and fantasy for several publications, and reviews on books, audios, and DVDs in various genres (mostly SF&F) on her blog and LiveJournal. She's been a fan of Doctor Who since the days of Tom Baker and Lis Sladen (Sarah Jane Smith remains her favourite "old school" companion), and loves a variety of SF&F shows. Doctor Who: The Eight Truths review Doctor Who: The One Doctor review Doctor Who: Muse of Fire review Doctor Who: No Place / One Mile Down / The Creeping Death review Doctor Who: Warlock’s Cross review	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729476
__label__wiki	0.642282	0.642282	Administered by the Society of the Divine Word (Societas Verbi Divini, SVD) since 1935, the University of San Carlos (USC) traces its roots to the Colegio de San Ildefonso founded in August 1595 in Cebu City. The school closed in 1769 following the expulsion of Jesuit priests from the Philippines, and was reopened in 1783 as Colegio-Seminario de San Carlos which operated until the Colegio split from the seminary in 1930. Following another brief closure during World War II, Colegio de San Carlos became a University in 1948. Rapid growth in the ‘50s saturated the campus near the city center prompting expansion of the University to what was then called the Boys’ High School in 1956 (now North Campus), and in 1964 to the Teacher Education Center and Girls’ High School (now South Campus) and to Talamban Campus. In 2008, the erstwhile SVD Formation Center was transformed into the Montessori Campus. Total land area of the University’s five campuses is almost 88 hectares (or 217 acres), with about 78 hectares in Talamban Campus alone and potentially ample room for future growth. Today, the University is one of the most respected higher education institutions in the Philippines, offering 45 undergraduate and 62 graduate programs. Many of these programs have received Level II or Level III accreditation from the Federation of Accrediting Associations of the Philippines (FAAP), as evaluated by the Philippine Accrediting Association of Schools, Colleges, and Universities (PAASCU). Six engineering programs are also accredited by the Philippine Technological Council-Accreditation and Certification Board for Engineering and Technology (PTC-ACBET). The Philippine Commission on Higher Education (CHED) also granted Autonomous Status to the University, and designated eight Centers of Excellence (COE) and 12 Centers of Development (COD) in USC. Nearly 22,000 students in basic to graduate education are enrolled in the University, with almost 200 international students. On average, the teacher-to-student ratio at USC is 1:20. Recognized as a research hub in southern Philippines, USC has drawn in external grants amounting to PHP113,762,670.93 (USD2,288,297.45 as of Jan. 31, 2017) between AY 2011-2016. Internal research grants of PHP34,035,344.90 (USD684,609.17) have also been awarded from the University Research Trust Fund within the same time period, while an additional PHP300M (~USD6M) has been earmarked for laboratory development anticipating the current changes in the Philippine educational system. Research efforts are supported by a print collection of over 200,000 titles and almost 10,000 non-print volumes housed in the University’s Library System, along with subscriptions to 17 online journals. USC also publishes two respected scholarly journals, The Philippine Scientist and the Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society. Additional support for researchers are available through offices or committees providing ethics review, intellectual property and innovation and technology support, and animal care and use. Ten patents have been filed by the University since 2012, and one start-up company, Green Enviro Management Systems (GEMS), Inc., has been established. Student support in the University includes an international students’ office, online enrolment, dormitories, numerous cafes and canteens, and a transport system within Talamban Campus. USC has more than 600 undergraduate and graduate scholars at any given time. Since 2014, USC has been designated as a Donee Institution by the Philippine Council of Non-Governmental Organization Certification (PCNC). The Word in Other Words Gospel: Lk. 10:25-37 Which of these three, in your opinion, was neighbor to the robbers’ victim?” He answered, “The one who treated him with mercy.” Jesus said to him, “Go and do likewise.” Caltech-JCAP scientist talks about artificial photosynthesis Jack Hess L. Baricuatro, Ph.D., a staff scientist at the Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis (JCAP) ... Enrollment procedures for new Law students The School of Law and Governance has announced revised procedures for enrollment of new Law students. Web-enabled programming workshop slated The USC Library System, Department of Computer Engineering, and the American Corner-Cebu, in collaboration with Maker Initiative ... Balik Scientist talks about C. elegans Mark I. R. Petalcorin, Ph.D., a DOST Balik Scientist hosted by the USC Tuklas Lunas Development ... BA studes on cultural immersion in Indonesia Nine Business Administration majors went on a six-day cultural immersion trip to Semarang, Indonesia from May 17 to 22, 2019. Senior High 100% passing in barista certification All Grade 12 students from the Senior High School who took the barista certification (NCII) passed. The complete ... 225 Grade 12 students pass NCIII in Bookkeeping Grade 12 students from the Accountancy, Business, and Management strand (Academic Track) passed the National Certificate III in ...	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729477
__label__wiki	0.501761	0.501761	295: Dr. Andrew Weil - Cooking As A Form Of Meditation, Moods Are Contagious, Microdosing Psilocybin Dr. Andrew Weil (IG: @drweil) received a degree in biology (botany) from Harvard in 1964 and an M.D. from Harvard Medical School in 1968. He is the founder and Director of the Andrew Weil Center for Integrative Medicine at the University of Arizona. The Center is the leading effort in the world to develop a... 294: Dr. Sara Gottfried - Brain Body Diet, Start To Surrender, Reset With Intermittent Fasting Dr. Sara Gottfried (IG: @saragottfriedmd) is a wife, mother to two incredible young women, friend, scholar, seeker, yoga teacher, Harvard-educated MD with 25+ years of experience, board-certified gynecologist, and author of three New York Times bestselling books, The Hormone Cure, The Hormone Reset Diet, and Younger.... 293: Mark Manson - We All Need Hope • Meditation Makes You Stronger • Happiness Is Overrated Mark Manson (IG: @markmansonnet) is the #1 New York Times bestselling author of The Subtle Art of Not Giving a F*ck, the mega-bestseller that has been translated into over 50 languages and sold more than eight million copies worldwide. He has also built one of the largest personal growth websites in the world, 292: Chalene Johnson - 131 Method • Family Comes First • Stop The Food Rules Chalene Johnson (IG: @chalenejohnson) is a world-renowned motivational speaker with more than 30 years as a health expert. She has sold millions of fitness videos and holds The Guiness Book of World Record for having starred in the most fitness videos. Chalene is a New York Times bestselling author and top...	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729480
__label__wiki	0.875625	0.875625	2107 N. 26th Street \| 250-8700 Mr. Fritz/ Comstock Public Schools » Our Schools » Comstock High School » Teacher Pages » Mr. Fritz Jason Fritz fritzj@comstockps.org Classroom Phone: 269-250-8789 School Phone: 269-250-8700 Mr. Jason Fritz comes to us with over 15 years’ experience in music education and a desire to build a band family that thrives as part of the Comstock community. Over the past 15 years, Mr. Fritz has collaborated with students and families from diverse backgrounds, giving him a passion for building excellence within a caring, family atmosphere. A native of Bangor, MI, Mr. Fritz earned his bachelor’s degree in music education at Grand Valley State University and his master’s degree in music from Western Michigan University, where he also worked as the marching band graduate assistant. He has taught music in Michigan for ten years, spending time in both the Standish-Sterling and Concord school districts. He spent six months as the Music Educator in Residence for the International Community School of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, and he also served as the Assistant Director of Legends Drum and Bugle Corps for four seasons. When he’s not teaching, Mr. Fritz enjoys cooking, kayaking, and helping his wife Dani (a member of Comstock’s Class of 2000) spoil their nieces and nephews. 2107 North 26th Street, Kalamazoo, MI 49048 \| Phone 269-250-8700 \| Fax 269-250-8701	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729482
__label__wiki	0.986484	0.986484	Experts debate inmate shooting \| The Honolulu Advertiser \| Hawaii's Newspaper Posted on: Thursday, April 20, 2006 Experts debate inmate shooting By Kevin Dayton Advertiser Big Island Bureau HILO, Hawai'i — The state corrections officer who fatally shot an escaping prison inmate in downtown Hilo last week appears to have followed state law and prison policies that authorize lethal force to prevent escapes. However, the legality of the shooting remains "questionable" under a key U.S. Supreme Court ruling on deadly force, according to a University of Hawai'i law professor. Thane K. Leialoha, 28, was being taken from Hilo District Court back to Hawai'i Community Correctional Center on April 11 when he somehow emerged from the jail van in downtown Hilo and scuffled with a corrections officer, according to witness accounts. Witnesses report Leialoha pushed or struck the officer, knocking him to the ground, and then fled down Haili Street. The officer fired a handgun at the fleeing inmate, striking him in the head. Leialoha was pronounced dead at Hilo Medical Center about four hours later. The state Department of Public Safety dispatched two investigators from the department's internal affairs division to Hilo to investigate the case, according to Frank Lopez, interim director of the department. Big Island police also are investigating the shooting. Members of Leialoha's family questioned the need to shoot and kill the inmate, and have said they intend to hire a lawyer to hold Public Safety officials accountable. Leialoha had been convicted of second-degree robbery, theft and second-degree assault in 1998, and third-degree promotion of a dangerous drug in 2002. Public Safety officials were returning him to prison for a parole violation at the time of the escape and shooting. "I just feel it was uncalled for," said Leayla White, Leialoha's former girlfriend and mother of his three children. "He wasn't a murderer. He wasn't a serial killer. He wasn't a rapist." Virginia E. Hench, a professor at UH's Richardson School of Law, said the final ruling on the Leialoha shooting will depend on the specifics of the case, but in general, "shooting an unarmed, fleeing person in the back is legally questionable." Hench said the most relevant case is Tennessee v. Garner, a 1985 U.S. Supreme Court decision in which the court ruled it was unconstitutional for a Memphis police officer to shoot and kill an apparently unarmed youth who was fleeing the scene of a burglary. The police officer in the 1974 Garner shooting was following police department policy that allowed officers to use all means necessary to arrest a fleeing suspect, but the Supreme Court ruled that policy was unconstitutional, Hench said. The Hilo shooting "could be construed as excessive force," she said, although the issue is more complicated than the Tennessee case because Leialoha was a convicted felon fleeing from prison custody. State law allows corrections officers to use deadly force to prevent escape from a jail or prison, and a 1993 Department of Public Safety policy authorized corrections officers to use lethal force to prevent escape of an offender from prison or from "custody of corrections personnel." Sharon Pomroy, who was assistant firearms instructor for Kaua'i Community Correctional Center until 1997, said news accounts of the Leialoha shooting suggest the corrections officer who fired the shot did exactly what he was trained to do. "You don't shoot warning shots because a warning shot can kill an innocent bystander," Pomroy said. "He (Leialoha) is not a criminal trying to escape capture. He's a convict trying to escape being held in prison. He's already convicted of the crime, he's now going to serve his time, and he really has no business escaping, period." However, Hench said, news accounts suggest Leialoha had already escaped because he was running away from officers on a downtown Hilo street when he was shot. "They can use force up to and including deadly force to prevent an escape, but as far as re-capturing somebody, they have to weigh not only the danger to themselves but the danger to whoever else might be around," she said. Witnesses reported the corrections officer and Leialoha had struggled, but Hench pointed to media accounts saying the struggle apparently had ended, and Leialoha was running away. "If the struggle were going on, or even if it looked reasonably to the officer as if the inmate was attacking somebody else ... then (the officer) might have been defending another person, but it's always going to be legally questionable when you shoot somebody in the back who's unarmed and is fleeing, and is not directly threatening anybody at that point," she said. Pomroy considers the reported struggle between the inmate and corrections officer to be significant, making the incident "shootable." "I cannot see the (corrections officer) not being cleared and maybe given an 'Attaboy, good job, you did what you're trained to do,' " Pomroy said. "It's the inmate who is really to blame for the entire circumstance. He got himself in there in the first place." Reach Kevin Dayton at kdayton@honoluluadvertiser.com.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729484
__label__cc	0.501574	0.498426	Home Featured CSU demands equality for reduced STM fare CSU demands equality for reduced STM fare by Christina Rowan November 5, 2013 The Concordia Student Union (CSU) and seven other Montreal-based student associations are in the midst of requesting price reductions for all full-time students, regardless of their age, when it comes to Société de Transport de Montréal (STM) public transportation fares. Photo by Keith Race After joining forces with several student associations around Montreal, the CSU released a collective statement containing its goals. “The CSU supports equal access to resources for all students. While we have been proud to partner with the STM in encouraging sustainable travel methods, we cannot support the inequality contained within its policy on student pricing. While a reduced rate for full-time students is important, limiting who may be considered full-time based on age does not reflect the reality of university life. Resources for students should be available to all students.” According to the STM website, in order to obtain student privileges for a monthly pass on one’s Opus card, the individual must be a full-time student at an institution recognized by Quebec’s Ministere de l’Education, du Loisir et du Sport (MELS), and be 25 or less by October 31 of that year. “We expect the STM to offer the same reduced fee to all full-time students, regardless of their age,” said CSU president Melissa Kate Wheeler. “So far we’ve been [promoting our demand] through social media and by speaking to the press, [but] we intend on increasing our support for this cause in the coming weeks through posters around the school, and by discussing it at our next council meeting.” With bus and train passes getting more expensive each year, the significance of this demand is pertinent for the students in question. STM fares have increased nearly $10 in the last five years. In 2008, a student discount monthly bus pass cost $36, whereas now it costs $45.50, an increase of 26.4 per cent. As for a regular bus pass, in 2008 it cost $66.25 and now is $77.75, an increase of 17.4 per cent. For those who take the train, the most expensive mode of transport, fares range between $69 to $121 for students, and regular fares between $87 and $151, depending on the zone. The CSU’s current demands for reduced student fares are not their first attempt. Back in February of 2010, the CSU made the same demand and created a petition which received 330 signatures online to allow students regardless of their age or enrollment status to be eligible to receive student fares. The petition, which was directed at the City Council of Montreal, highlighted several areas concerning the STM student discount requirements and its unfairness to certain students, specifically to fares applying only to those aged 25 or less; not to part-time students but only full-time; STM being the only Canadian public transportation company to place an age restriction on which students qualify for the student discounts; that the average age of Concordia’s student population is 26; that those who continue their studies past the age of 25 often have greater debt; and that the city of Montreal has pledged its commitment to accessibility for both public transportation and higher education on several occasions. Unfortunately, after approaching the STM with the petition in 2010, the CSU was unable to successfully negotiate an agreement. This time, however, the CSU hopes the STM will recognize the severity of the demand by publicizing more extensively in and around the school. The Concordia Student Unions’ next council meeting will take place Nov. 13 at 6:30 p.m. where the situation will be discussed further. concordiaSTMstudents Christina Rowan Power outage causes men’s rugby game cancellation Bruins Hall of Fame defenseman releases memoir	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729487
__label__wiki	0.738185	0.738185	Toyota names 2017 end, Australian car making to cease: experts react February 10, 2014 3.14am EST Sinclair Davidson, RMIT University, Andrew Beer, University of Adelaide, Paul Gollan, Macquarie University, Phillip Toner, University of Sydney, Remy Davison, Monash University Sinclair Davidson Professor of Institutional Economics, RMIT University Andrew Beer Director, Centre for Housing, Urban and Regional Planning, University of Adelaide Paul Gollan Associate Dean, Research and Professor of Management, Faculty of Business and Economics, Macquarie University Phillip Toner Honorary Senior Research Fellow Department of Political Economy, University of Sydney Remy Davison Jean Monnet Chair in Politics and Economics, Monash University Sinclair Davidson is Professor of Institutional Economics at RMIT University and a senior fellow at the Institute of Public Affairs. He has previously been funded by the Australian Research Council. He drives a Toyota. Remy Davison's Chair is funded by the European Union Commission Andrew Beer, Paul Gollan, and Phillip Toner do not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and have disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment. Monash University provides funding as a founding partner of The Conversation AU. University of Adelaide , Macquarie University, and University of Sydney provide funding as members of The Conversation AU. Toyota has surprised with an announcement it would finish manufacturing cars here at the end of 2017. AAP Toyota has confirmed it will cease its vehicle and engine production in Australia by the end of 2017, signalling the end of automotive manufacturing in Australia. The announcement follows decisions by Holden to pull out in 2017 and Ford by 2016. In a statement, Toyota said “various negative factors such as an extremely competitive market and a strong Australian dollar, together with forecasts of a reduction in the total scale of vehicle production in Australia have forced us to make this painful decision”. Speaking at a later press conference, Toyota Motor Corporation president Akio Toyoda described the decision to end its 51 year history with Australia as “simply heartbreaking”. An estimated 2500 Toyota workers will lose their jobs. The ACTU has claimed Australia will lose up to 50,000 direct skilled jobs and wipe A$21 billion from the economy. But industry minister Ian Macfarlane said the government would “manage the transition” in Australian manufacturing. The decision comes just ten days after a Productivity Commission position report which recommended Toyota should receive no extra government funding. In December Toyota lost Federal Court action to cut workplace conditions and costs. Expert reaction follows: Sinclair Davidson, Professor of Institutional Economics at RMIT University: Immediately after the Toyota announcement that it will be ceasing its Australian manufacturing in 2017 isn’t the time to be saying, “I told you so”. Rather we should consider the hurt and confusion of the employees. To a large extent the investment they have made in their careers, their human capital, has just depreciated. This is a cost that we don’t fully consider when advocating industry policy. The fact of the matter is that government spending simply cannot sustain an industry. The best way to buy Australian jobs is to buy their product, not throw taxpayer dollars at the industry, or create artificial shortages, or tariffs and what-not. By propping up unsustainable industries we don’t only over-charge consumers and waste taxpayer dollars; we attract workers into the industry in the knowledge that down the track we will see them lose their jobs. Some Toyota employees will get jobs elsewhere, others may never work again. Government should be looking at those policies that would ensure more than fewer work again. At the federal level that means liberalising the labour market, making it easier to hire people. At the state level that means governments need to be looking at the payroll tax and stamp duty - the former adds to the cost of employment, while the latter reduces labour mobility. Government cannot create jobs; what government can do is make it easier for the private sector to create those jobs and make it easier for worker to move so they can take those jobs. Remy Davison, Jean Monnet Chair in Politics and Economics at Monash University Toyota’s announcement today represents the end of automotive manufacturing in Australia. In less than 10 months, Ford, Holden and Toyota have decided to close down their car manufacturing operations, affecting thousands of jobs in Victoria and South Australia. If Toyota, the largest and the most efficient automotive producer in the world, cannot survive without industry assistance packages, it demonstrates how vulnerable car producers are if governments fail to support them. Whereas Ford had no real export market, and plummeting Falcon sales, Toyota was exporting 70,000 locally-made vehicles per annum to the Middle East and other markets, with a target of 100,000 each year. This is the snowball effect of the rapid shutdown of Australian car industry. Toyota, Ford and Holden are tightly integrated with the Australian automotive parts industry. In the wake of Ford’s and Holden’s announced departures, some components manufacturers have already decided to close their doors. Toyota’s decision reflects that reality: if Toyota cannot source components in volume close to its plant in Altona, then it makes no economic sense to continue manufacturing locally. Like Nissan and Mitsubishi before it, Toyota has made a strategic decision to become a mere importer. Victoria is the most affected by the decisions of Toyota, Holden and Ford, but South Australia, NSW, Queensland and Western Australia will also suffer job losses in the components sector, as a consequence of the car makers’ withdrawal. The industry was not helped by a Productivity Commission (PC) position paper which viewed the sector’s future in pessimistic terms. The PC employed no modelling data to support its claims, although its final report – long after the horse has bolted – is not due until March. Prime Minister Abbott stated in response to Toyota’s closure that, “while some jobs end, other jobs start”. As Australia de-industrialises – terminally – in which industries are the secure jobs of the future to be found? Phillip Toner, Honorary Senior Research Fellow Department of Political Economy at University of Sydney: The decision by Toyota to withdraw from local production, following the imminent closure of Ford and GM, was inevitable. The departure of GM and Ford, with the resulting loss of scale in the auto parts sector, simply meant that there was no way Toyota alone could sustain the complex chain of parts suppliers. What was Toyota to do, import all the components and simply assemble them here? As I have argued consistently there is no sound economic argument to withdraw the modest government support from what was a high productivity industry that was at the centre of Australia’s (ever diminishing) engineering and applied science base. The historic significance of the death of local car making is not lost on the neoliberals in the federal economic bureaucracy, the Liberal Party and even amongst some members of the Labor Party. It marks the burial of the key element of Chifley’s post-war reconstruction, the renunciation of an assertive role for the state in national economic development and a repudiation of industrial policy to shape the industrial structure and technological progress. Paul Gollan, Professor of Management, Macquarie University Toyota’s decision to pull out of Australia’s car manufacturing industry by 2017 only underscores the importance of making Australian manufacturing more competitive by lifting productivity. The decision places further pressure on Australia’s manufacturing base and will raise the political pressure on what can be done to make Australian workplaces more productive. Australia doesn’t have the systems in place to be able to encourage the sort of investment that’s required by organisations to make them more globally competitive. It’s quite obvious we’re a big wage, relatively small market and for us to compete on manufacturing internationally then frankly we have to produce a higher quality product at a reasonable price. That requires greater investment in technology, skills and workers. It is estimated that Toyota has received more than A$1 billion in government subsidies over the past decades, however the Abbott government made clear there would be no further government assistance. With the flourish of imported cars on the rise, a small local market and relatively high Australian dollar, and Ford and Holden soon to withdraw from car manufacturing in Australia, it was only going to put pressure on the local supplier network, something Toyota CEO Max Yasuda recently reinforced. If we’re going to have manufacturing in Australia then we have to think about what sort of workplace we want to create. We need a creative workplace with a positive culture that enhances innovation. What’s really required is a constructive dialogue between government, businesses, and unions for greater cooperation and inclusion that will create more capital investment confidence in the mid- to long-term ultimately contributing to a more cooperative, productive and internationally competitive economy engaging a high wage workforce. Andrew Beer, Director of Housing, Urban and Regional Planning, University of Adelaide The announcement that Toyota will cease the production of cars in Australia by the end of 2017 comes as no surprise, with many commentators anticipating this announcement given the earlier decisions made by Ford and General Motors. The decision, however, still comes as a shock for the affected workers, their families, the communities they live in and the Australian economy. In many ways it is one of the most significant events in the economic history of Australia over the last 60 years. It represents the end of an automotive industry that supported thousands of jobs, provided a proving ground for emerging entrepreneurs and underpinned much of the national effort in research and development. While much of the debate over the next few days and weeks will focus on what governments should, or should not have done, it is important not to lose sight of more fundamental questions. Put simply, the failure of the car industry must force all Australians to question what future we want and what future are we likely to achieve? How are we going to pay our way in the world, especially given the inevitably cyclical nature of commodity markets? We cannot expect to rely on mineral exports to pay our balance of payments indefinitely, and if the automotive industry cannot flourish with substantial government assistance how can any industry of any scale flourish? Yes the service sector is now the most significant part of the economy, but we cannot pay our way in the world by selling each other lattes! Some of the fundamental questions we must answer relate to our system of industrial relations and the political attitudes that support them. Should we go down the path followed by Texas – a booming, high wage economy with a strong manufacturing sector – and introduce right-to-work legislation that undercuts organised unions? Or is there a better option available to Australia, perhaps more akin to Scandanavian or Baltic models of labour market organisation, with unions working in partnership with management to embrace a productivity agenda ahead of wage claims? How also can we better support the development of innovation and new technologies? Australia has long punched above its weight in the commissioning and publication of fundamental research, but struggled to commercialise that innovative spirit. As a nation we have strong R but relatively little D. Many of these changes need to come from outside the world of macro-economic policy, industry development or industrial relations. We need to reshape politics, universities, the primary and secondary education systems, the nature of our innovation system and our attitudes to growth. American universities often do a better job than their Australian counterparts at encouraging economic growth and the transfer of new technologies into the marketplace because some have specific mandates to engage with their communities and help their regions prosper while most use a form of employment contract – the system of nine month salaries for academic staff – that encourages researchers to engage with wider society and industry. Now is a time for a radical re-examination of Australian society and its economic future. A “good” crisis should never be wasted, and the demise of the Australian automotive industry – and its supporting industries – should tell us all that it is time for change. Productivity Commission Indigenous students usually start university later in life. Photo by Edwin Andrade on Unsplash Three charts on: how uncapped university funding actually boosted Indigenous student numbers Using a variety of statistical analyses, the authors have found no evidence of more employment in hospitality and retail because of reduced penalty rates. www.shutterstock.com Cutting penalty rates was supposed to create jobs. It hasn’t, and here’s why not Free office food isn’t there just to fill your belly. fizkes/Shutterstock.com How your employer uses perks like wellness programs, phones and free food to control your life Former Labor prime minister Paul Keating, the father of Australia’s compulsory superannuation system, with former prime minister Julia Gillard at Labor leader Bill Shorten’s campaign launch in 2016. Mick Tsikas/AAP Frydenberg should call a no-holds-barred inquiry into superannuation, now, because Labor won’t	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729488
__label__wiki	0.788714	0.788714	Workshop Abstracts and Biographies Conciliar Humanism. A Tale of Four Popes Rev Dr Tom Carroll Pope Benedict XVI claimed with the Second Vatican Council “broad new thinking” was required which set the Church in a new direction. In particular, this workshop examines the Council’s vision of humanity through the lens of its emergent philosophy of the human person, as differentiated from the traditional Boethian / Thomistic understanding of “person” and detailed in the final documents of the Council, the Declaration on religious liberty Dignitatus Humanae and the Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the world of today, Gaudium et Spes; which provides the Church with the means of dialogue with the contemporary world on the basis of our shared humanity. Consideration is given not only to the significant contribution offered by the thought of Pope John XXIII, the Father of the Council, but also to that of three successive popes, namely Paul VI, John Paul II and Benedict XVI; all present from the beginning of the Council. These four popes would exercise a fundamental influence in the evolution and on-going promotion of this distinctive Conciliar humanism, as Cardinal Wojtyla writes in his essay written to mark the tenth anniversary of Paul VI’s 1968 encyclical Humanae Vitae: “wherein the dignity of the human person is the basis of man’s vocation: it thus constituted the essential content and meaning of that vocation.” In this novel Conciliar thinking, humanism and personalism happily coincide. Rev Dr Tom Carroll, Parish Priest of St. Aloysius of Gonzaga, Cronulla NSW. Secretary of the Cardinal’s Council of Priests. Director of Diaconate Programme for the Archdiocese of Sydney. Knight Commander of the Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem. Also Professor of Philosophy and Theology at the Collegium Augustinianum, a Graduate School of Philosophy and Theology in the Augustinian Tradition (Paris, Orlando, Philadelphia, Dresden), adjunct associate professor in the School of Philosophy and Theology, Sydney Campus, Notre Dame University Australia and member of the Advisory Board of the Faculty of Education, Sydney Campus, Notre Dame University Australia. Born in Sydney, ordained a priest for the Archdiocese of Sydney in 1979 and following appointments as assistant priest at St Joachim’s Lidcombe and St Michael’s South Blacktown, Fr Carroll was sent in the academic year 1984/5 to pursue post graduate study in philosophy and theology at the Katholieke Universitet Leuven in Belgium, where he received a licentiate (1987) and doctorate in philosophy (1997), a Master of Religious Sciences and doctoral candidacy in theology (1987). He also holds a Master of Education (1990) from the Australian Catholic University and a Master of Arts (2001) from the University of Sydney. Appointed lecturer in Philosophy and Humanities at the Catholic Institute of Sydney (1987-1997), he was then appointed chaplain at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital (1998-2002), where he was invited as a member of the University of Sydney Human Ethics Committee (2001-7). He returned to parish ministry as parish priest of St Francis Xavier’s Ashbury (2003-2011), with responsibility for St Mel’s Campsie (2005-9), until receiving his current appointment as parish priest of St Aloysius of Gonzaga, Cronulla at the beginning of 2012. Ecclesia ad extra: The Church’s mission in the world Dr Nigel Zimmermann Where does the Church look to find its mission? It seems such a broad question to ask, and surely the answer is simple; "the world". Yet, the Second Vatican Council offered a profoundly theological answer to the question of mission, and emphasised that the place of the world is not simply a bare surface upon which Christian belief is to be written. Rather, the world is the complex situation into which the Holy Spirit moves and reaches, seeking out what it may claim for Christ. Indeed, the Holy Spirit goes where it wills, and often the Church discovers the Spirit at work in people and places long ahead of the Church's own arrival In this presentation, the Church's mission in the world is explored in terms of what interpreters of the Council have called the Ecclesia ad extra – the mission outside of the Church. This was not a term utilised so much in the Conciliar documents, but it sums up a concept to which the Council Fathers gave much attention. Gaudium et Spes will be particularly taken up in its description of the world as the place of mission, a world it describes as "both powerful and weak." (GS 9) Dr Nigel Zimmermann, Lecturer in Theology, University of Notre Dame Australia Nigel was born in Brisbane and holds degrees in journalism and politics, and theology. He has lived and studied in Australia, the US, France and the UK. He lived in Scotland for seven years, during which he worked at the Scottish Parliament and Edinburgh City Council, and while living in Edinburgh was received into the Catholic Church. He was awarded his PhD from the University of Edinburgh and was made a Wingate Scholar for a two year period beginning in 2011. In 2012, he took up his present post as Lecturer in Theology at the University of Notre Dame Australia on Sydney's Broadway campus. There, he teaches courses in theology and scripture. Nigel also serves as Private Secretary to Bishop Peter Comensoli. “Put out into deep water...”: The evangelising thrust of Vatican II Mrs Marita Winters In this workshop participants will have the opportunity to reflect on Jesus’ call to the first four disciples in Luke’s gospel as the basis for our discipleship. The workshop will review documents of the Council and see how these teachings influenced subsequent Magisterial teachings. In particular, we will consider ‘the New Evangelisation’ which has been a project of the Church for over thirty years. Participants will find inspiration as well as practical ideas for the New Evangelisation in today’s world. Mrs Marita Winters, Director, National Office for Evangelisation - Catholic Enquiry Centre Marita Winters has been involved in media and evangelisation in the Church for over 15 years, and is presently the Director of the National Office for Evangelisation and the Catholic Enquiry Centre. She is also Executive Secretary to the Bishops Commission for Mission and Faith Formation and a member of the Australian Catholic Media Council. Marita has a Bachelor of Arts degree specialising in Communications and a Graduate Diploma in Marriage and Family Studies (JPII Institute Melbourne, 2005). She is passionate about encouraging people to live their faith life to the full. A Secret No Longer: the Social Mandate of the Church Chantelle Ogilvie-Ellis This workshop will canvas some of the key themes that have emerged in Catholic social teaching over the last fifty years since the second Vatican Council, and will encourage participants to look at their implications for the contemporary Church. It will explore mid-century developments such as the Church’s commitment to human rights, and the growing international dimension of Catholic social thought. As well as exploring the Pastoral Constitution of the Church in the Modern World (Gaudium et Spes), the workshop will note the impact of other Council documents, such as those relating to lay people and ecumenism, which had lasting influence on the way in which the Church would approach its social mandate over subsequent decades. Finally the workshop will deal with developments since the Council. In particular, by exploring the contributions of recent popes, it will argue for the importance of integrating theory and practice – of bringing together the Church’s formidable body of reflection on social, political and economic matters on the one hand, and the practical witness of Christian social mission on the other. Chantelle Ogilvie-Ellis, Justice and Peace Promoter, Justice and Peace Office, Catholic Archdiocese of Sydney In 2003, Chantelle graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts (Media and Communications), majoring in Government and International Relations, Media and English. Following university, she worked in social justice ministry with the Young Christian Students (YCS) movement in the Diocese of Parramatta, before taking on a role as World Youth Day Coordinator for both Australian YCS and the Australian Young Christian Workers. In 2008 Chantelle joined the Catholic Archdiocese of Sydney Justice and Peace Office. The role of the Office is to promote justice, peace, ecology and development in light of the social teaching of the Catholic Church. As Justice and Peace Promoter, Chantelle leads educational, advisory and collaborative activities to increase understanding of Catholic social teaching, and to enable communities to put this teaching into practice. As part of this work, Chantelle has been a key leader representing the Archdiocese in the Sydney Alliance, a broad-based, non-partisan civil society coalition which fosters civic participation and works for the common good. Chantelle’s further studies include a Graduate Certificate in Interfaith Relations, as part of the inaugural Young Catholic Women’s Interfaith Fellowship, offered by the Australian Catholic Bishops Conference in 2006. She is completing a Masters of Theological Studies, and has also taught and tutored theology at a number of Catholic institutions. Chantelle has a particular interest in the spirituality of democratic participation. Chantelle is a parishioner at St Vincent’s Catholic Church, Ashfield. She is married to Evan and they are shortly expecting their first child. Liturgical art and architecture after the Council. What works? Dr Renée Köhler Ryan In its directives on “sacred art and sacred furnishings,” the Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy (Sancrosanctum Concilium) states that sacred art should “strive after noble beauty rather than mere sumptuous display.” Interpretations of this “noble beauty” have led to a variety of artistic and architectural works. We will discuss some of these eclectic results, keeping to the fore another statement within Sancrosanctum Concilium, that “the art of our own days, coming from every race and region, shall also be given free scope in the Church, provided that it adorns the sacred buildings and holy rites with due reverence and honor.” What can we understand “noble beauty”, “mere sumptuous display”, and “due reverence and honor” to mean, and how can we judge whether an artistic work still stands within our tradition? We will examine these questions in several ways. First, we will briefly examine the ideas behind the most predominant ecclesiastical styles preceding the Council. The baroque in particular gives pause, begging the question of how works so “sumptuous” might possess noble beauty and offer means to know the mysteries of faith celebrated in liturgical space. We will then ask how artists might express continuity with a tradition that reaches back to the days of the earliest celebrations of the Eucharist, and at the same time a contemporary articulation of the catholic faith. The Council fathers have issued a challenge with which our artists and architects continue to wrestle. The final part of the workshop will ask the broader question of what it means to be a postconciliar catholic, by considering what styles of ecclesiastical art and architecture work and do not work. Our criteria for judgment will rely finally on an understanding of precisely how a style is recognizably catholic, offering both the space and occasion for worship. nomic matters on the one hand, and the practical witness of Christian social mission on the other. Dr Renée Köhler Ryan, Senior Lecturer in Philosophy, School of Philosophy and Theology University of Notre Dame Australia (Sydney) Dr Köhler-Ryan is a Senior Lecturer in Philosophy on the Sydney campus of University of Notre Dame Australia. She completed her PhD in Philosophy at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, with a dissertation entitled From Head to Foot Set in our Place: Sacred Space as the Expression of Religious Experience and Imagination. She also has an undergraduate degree in the Liberal Arts, an area in which she has also taught Philosophy subjects for two Liberal Arts colleges in Rome, Italy. Combined with research, her international experience of the Catholic intellectual and artistic tradition have sustained her interest in how sacred art and architecture can express the relationship between faith and reason. Dr Köhler-Ryan’s publications reflect her main research areas, including articles concerning the continuing influence of Augustine, the work of contemporary philosopher William Desmond, and the importance of sacred spaces to the Catholic imagination. They include: “Elemental microcosms: Sacred Space and the City,” The Sacred and the Metropolis, Ed. Walter Van Herck and Liliana Gomez, Continuum Press, 2012; “The Beginning that is Already and End: Finding the Significance of Labyrinthine Travel,” Philosophies of Travel, Ed. Alex Norman, Cambridge Scholars Press, 2013 (forthcoming); “Gifted Beggars in the Metaxu: a Study of the Platonic and Augustinian Resonances of Porosity in God and the Between,” Louvain Studies, 2013 (forthcoming); “An Archaeological Ethics: Augustine, Desmond, and Digging Back to the Agapeic Origin,” Between System and Poetics: Themes in the Work of William Desmond, Ed. Thomas Kelly, Ashgate, 2007. New wineskins for a new Pentecost: The rise of the New Ecclesial Movements and Communities Totò (Antonio) and Rita Piccolo Pope Francis has started his new life with a great message in his first homily: The Church is always in movement and that to walk with Christ, to build with Him and to confess Christ Crucified is to be disciples of the Lord. This synthetic summary expresses very well the heart of the Second Vatican Council. In the Council’s constitutions and decrees it is possible to discover the work of the Holy Spirit for the "aggiornamento", a renewal to make the Church able to answer to the questions and suffering of the men and women of today. As Cardinal Newman said, sometimes to understand an event it is necessary to look at his effects in the following years. Applying this exegesis to the Council, it appears clearly in front of everyone the phenomena of the birth and growth of the new ecclesial movement and communities. Pope Francis has spoken of walking, building and confessing, and the Council in the three main Constitutions has shown the path to follow: the Liturgy, the Word of God and the Koinonia, the Church. The Holy Spirit in promoting the new ecclesial movements and communities has created a way to walk in conversion towards Christ, a way to build the Church as if it was in the beginning from its foundation, and a way to celebrate the mysteries of the Lord with great participation and love. In fact these are the three common features of all the new ecclesial realities that today have sprung up in the Church in all parts of the world. Some of these groups are international and have spread everywhere, for example the Catholic Charismatic Renewal, the Neocatechumenal Way, Communion and Liberation and Focolare just to mention a few. Some are more locally based but all offer to men and women of our time the chance to reconnect with our Lord Jesus Christ, the Verum, Bonum and Pulchrum, sent by the Good Father in Heaven for the salvation of all people. It is surprising that even after 50 years from the Council these new wineskins for the Holy Spirit are not always understood and appreciated enough at times by priests and bishops: they carry in themselves a special prophetic mission for the good of all the Church, the People of God, the Body of Christ. Totò Piccolo was born in Grosseto, Italy, in 1952 but was brought up in Rome. After completing high school, which specialized in classical studies, he got a degree in chemical engineering from the University of Rome, La Sapienza. At the age of nineteen in his parish in Rome he had an experience that was going to redirect his life on a different and new path. He encountered the Neocatechumenal Way, an itinerary of Catholic formation, lived in small communities. This Way was officially approved by the Holy See in 2008. He started this journey of growth in faith with his girlfriend and future wife Rita. She was born in Rome and completed her studies at the University of Rome with a degree in modern history. They soon became involved in direct evangelization, through teams of catechists, opening the Way in other parishes of Rome. Totò and Rita married in 1975 and worked one year, Antonio as an engineer and Rita as a high school teacher. But soon God’s call to missionary work was felt stronger and stronger. So they left their jobs, their careers, their goods and their beloved city of Rome and offered themselves to be sent as missionaries anywhere, to announce, especially to people far away from the Church, the infinite love of Christ for sinners and His power to rebuild the lives of men and women, even those most destroyed. In 1977 they were sent to Australia, through the Neocatechumenal way, invited by a Melbourne parish priest and with the permission of Archbishop Little. Since then, with their six children who were born during the mission in Australia, they have been itinerant catechists in a team with a lay man and a priest, opening the Neocatechumenal Way in 11 dioceses and 35 parishes, in the main cities of Australia. Their work is not paid, they are not on wages, but they are witnesses of God’s providence, having learnt to live in precariousness putting their security in God alone. At present they live in Sydney, and travel throughout Australia to help the Neocatechumenal communities relive the richness of their baptism in the itinerary of faith. Power, authority and service in a post-Conciliar era. Archbishop Timothy John Costelloe SDB The two concepts of “power” and “authority” are often presented as being in contrast with the notion of “service”. In the Christian tradition however those who exercise power or authority in the Christian community are understood to be servants of the community rather than masters or overlords. This understanding of the relationship between power and service comes from the teaching and the example of Jesus “who came not to be served but to serve”. In the post-Conciliar Church this fundamental Christian approach is seen to be grounded in a number of threads of theology which coalesce in the concepts of the Church as the Pilgrim People of God, the universal call to holiness and the relationship between the universal priesthood of the faithful and the ministerial priesthood of ordained priests and bishops. In this workshop the nature of power, authority and service in the Christian community will be considered by looking at the fundamental identity of the Church as expressed in the documents of Vatican 11 and the way in which the structural elements of the Church serve this fundamental identity. Particular attention will be given to the concept of the Church as the “priestly people”, a theological description which was given some prominence in the documents of Vatican 11. The implications of this for a genuinely Christian exercise of authority and service will be explored, particularly through an examination of the one and unique priesthood of Christ, in which the Church, as a priestly people, participates. Archbishop Timothy John Costelloe SDB, Archbishop of Perth, Archdiocese of Perth Archbishop Timothy Costelloe was born in Melbourne on February 3, 1954, the second son of Francis John (Jack) and Carmel Tasma Costelloe (nee Roadknight). He was educated at Saint Peter’s parish primary school, East Bentleigh and at Salesian College, Chadstone, from where he matriculated in 1971. After working in a variety of jobs he undertook a teacher training course at Christ College in Melbourne, which he interrupted in 1977 to join the Salesians of Don Bosco. He made his first profession as a Salesian on January 31, 1978 and graduated from Christ College at the end of that year. Finally professed as a Salesian of Don Bosco in 1985 he was ordained to the priesthood by Archbishop Sir Frank Little on October 25, 1986. After three years as Religious Education coordinator at Salesian College, Chadstone, he was transferred to Rome where he completed a Licentiate in Sacred Theology at the Salesian Pontifical University in 1991. Upon returning to Melbourne he began lecturing in Systematic Theology at Catholic Theological College in Melbourne and worked in the area of the formation of young Salesians. In 1996 he was transferred to Perth where he was parish priest at Saint Joachim’s, Victoria Park, and lecturer at the University of Notre Dame, Fremantle. He completed his doctorate in Theology from the Melbourne College of Divinity at this time. In 1998 he attended the Synod for Oceania in Rome as Archbishop Hickey’s theological adviser. Returning to Melbourne in mid 1999 he was appointed as Rector of the Salesian formation community in 2000 and resumed teaching commitments at Catholic Theological College. In addition to these duties he was appointed as parish priest of the parish of Saint John the Baptist, Clifton Hill, in 2006 and as parish priest of the adjoining parish of Saint Joseph’s, Collingwood in January 2007. He was a member of the Provincial Council of the Salesians from 2002 to 2007, Provincial Delegate for Formation in the Australian Province from 2003-2007, and was appointed as Regional Delegate for Formation for the East Asia-Oceania Salesian region in 2006. Archbishop Costelloe was appointed as Titular Bishop of Clonard and Auxiliary Bishop of Melbourne on April 30, 2007 and ordained as a bishop on June 15, 2007. Archbishop Costelloe, in addition to his duties as an auxiliary bishop in Melbourne with responsibility for the northern region of the Archdiocese, was the Episcopal Vicar for Tertiary Education, Chair of the Catholic Education Commission of Victoria, Chair of the Mannix College Council, Chair of the Steering Committee for the Catholic Leadership Centre, Chair of the Advisory Board of the Archbishop’s Office for Evangelization and the Archbishop’s delegate for Youth Ministry in the Archdiocese of Melbourne. The Archbishop is also an Adjunct Professor at the Australian Catholic University. In the Bishops Conference he is a member of the Bishops Commission for Doctrine and Morals and the Bishops Commission for Catholic Education. He is also a member of the Permanent Committee of the Bishops Conference. In 2011, together with Bishop Christopher Prowse of Sale, Archbishop Costelloe was elected by the Australian Catholic Bishops Conference as a delegate for the Synod on the New Evangelization, held in Rome in October, 2012. On February 20, 2012 Archbishop Costelloe was appointed by Pope Benedict XV1 as the ninth Bishop and sixth Archbishop of Perth. He was formally installed as the new metropolitan Archbishop of Perth in Saint Mary’s Cathedral, Perth, on Wednesday March 21, 2012. The vision of Pope John XXIII: A different kind of Council Rev Dr Max Vodola John XXIII is often remembered as a pope of peasant background elected to a supposedly ‘transitional’ papacy. Angelo Roncalli was an historian who brought the perspective of history to the papacy, in particular, a critical study of the Council of Trent and the reforming zeal of San Carlo Borromeo. This study was highly significant not simply in John XXIII’s decision to call Vatican II but, more importantly, in his style of leadership, the language that he used to articulate his vision and the historical framework that guided his ideas. John XXIII intended a different kind of council for the Catholic Church in the twentieth century. His call for aggiornamento needs to be contextualized to his wide reading of history and his intuition of a new historical epoch for the Church and the world. Rev Dr Max Vodola, Lecturer in Church History, Catholic Theological College, East Melbourne, MCD University of Divinity. Rev Dr Max Vodola is a priest of the Archdiocese of Melbourne, currently pastor of Flemington/Kensington parishes. He undertook his seminary studies at Corpus Christi College Clayton and was ordained in 1997. He holds the degrees of Bachelor of Theology and Master of Theological Studies from the MCD University of Divinity and a Master of Arts from Monash University. In 2010, Max completed his PhD at Monash University following a period of research at the Istituto per le Scienze Religiose in Bologna. Max’s thesis is titled ‘John XXIII, Vatican II and the Genesis of Aggiornamento’, an analysis of Angelo Roncalli’s critical study of Trent and Borromeo which was decisive in helping him to shape his vision of the Second Vatican Council. Max is Deputy Head of the Department of Church History at Catholic Theological College, East Melbourne, and lectures in the history of the Church in Australia, Early Modern Catholicism and the history of the Second Vatican Council. Max is the author of Simonds: A Rewarding Life and A Friendly Guide to Vatican II. Council, Code and Catechism Sr Elizabeth Delaney SGS A collection of the documents of Vatican II does not include the Code of Canon Law. Pope John Paul II described the Code as the last of the documents of Vatican II. The richness of the Code can be fully revealed only when studied in the light of the documents of the Vatican Council. On the thirtieth anniversary of the opening of the Council, the Catechism of the Catholic Church was published. Pope John Paul II saw this volume as fulfilling one of the intentions of Pope John XIII in calling the Council: “to guard and present better the precious deposit of Christian doctrine in order to make it more accessible to the Christian faithful and to all people of good will.” Taking the documents of the Council as a starting point, we will draw together aspects of the Code of Canon Law and the Catechism of the Catholic Church, exploring how the teaching and discipline of the Church have been reformulated in such a way that it invites us to approach them “with a new enthusiasm, a new joy and serenity of mind” (Pope John XXII’s Address at the Opening of Vatican Council II). Following some themes through the canons of the Code we will explore how they are grounded in the teaching contained in the Vatican documents and how the Catechism enhances and deepens the canonical language. We will explore themes such as, the expression of ‘communio’, the mission of the Church today, the dignity and role of ordinary people, the Church’s invitation to all Christians. Approaching this seminar with an attitude of questioning the relvance of the Church’s law, will we hope, lead us to an understanding of both the fruits of the Council and the extent to which they may yet be realized. Sr Elizabeth Delaney SGS, Executive Secretary for Church Life, Australian Catholic Bishops Conference Sister Elizabeth Delaney is a Sister of the Good Samaritan. She spent over twenty years in Catholic Education in New South Wales, South Australia and Victoria. Following study in Canon Law, she took up the role of Chancellor in the Diocese of Wollongong. After completing a doctorate in Canon Law at Saint Paul University in Ottawa she commenced working for the Australian Catholic Bishops Conference. Her involvement in education continues as a member of Good Samaritan Education, St Patrick’s College Campbelltown and more recently, as a Director of Broken Bay Institute. Proposing, not imposing: the place of the Church in the public arena Mr Rocco Mimmo Often, in public life it is said that Church Leaders should not impose their views on society. It is, of course, a shorthanded way of saying “keep religion out of public debate”. To abide by this saying means that religious liberty can be exercised only in private: that is, in places of worship/churches or in the home. Therefore, the richness of religious tradition, and values are absent in the making of public policy. The whole point of religious freedom is to seek the truth and the meaning of life. To ask the questions: “Does God exist; what does He ask of me; is there life after death”. These questions are the common bond for all humanity. Each person asks these questions in search for an answer to what is the meaning of life. They become the basis for our reasoning on the meaning of life and faith in the belief that God exists. The teachings of the Catholic Church provide a pathway to God and assist us in discovering the truth. When we discover the truth, that is, the reality of God’s existence – it assumes an obligation that we are to serve God and live in accordance with the tenets of our faith. Jesus said to the Apostles: “Go, therefore and make disciples of all nations ....teaching them to observe all things whatsoever I have enjoined upon you” (Matt.28: 19-20). We can only be true to this duty if we are free to exercise our religious liberty in the public arena. We are opposed to coercion, to forcing people to act against their will. God us a free will, not an imposed will. Therefore, we must propose the truth not impose it by force or unreasonable behaviour or conduct. It is by example that we lead. We sow our influence on what best serves the common good by arguing for the equal worthy of all people in human dignity. We act by example that all people are equal in the eyes of God and we serve our neighbour by working to improve public policy so that all can exercise their God given free will. We therefore “propose not impose the teachings of our Church”. Mr Rocco Mimmo, Founder & Chairman, Ambrose Centre For Religious Liberty Rocky is a Sydney based lawyer. He has a Masters Degree in International Law from the University of NSW. His post graduate Masters studies included an emphasis on Human Rights Law. He is married with 8 children. He has devoted his adult life to working on social issues and running organisation attempting to influence public decision makers on critical moral social issues. On these social moral issues, Rocky works in the background in and around politics. Although not party politically aligned, he can boast to being very well connected to both sides of politics at the Federal and State level. Rocky has made numerous written submissions and frequently been invited to give oral submissions to Parliamentary Committees Inquiries into contentious moral and social matters. He has published several articles arguing the case for religious liberty and human rights. After many years of involvement in the moral social issues and noticing the decline and deterioration of religious and cultural values, Rocky founded the Ambrose Centre For Religious Liberty in 2007. The Ambrose Centre was launched in Sydney in April 2009. The first Council for women? Professor Celia Hammond Commencing with Our Holy Mother Mary’s ‘yes’ to the Angel Gabriel, women have shared the responsibility and privilege of proclaiming the Christian Faith and building the Catholic Church. The manner in which women have shared the responsibility and privilege of proclaiming and living the Faith has been shaped and influenced to a large degree by the historical norms regarding the role of women in society at large (although it must be noted that the vocations carried out by Women Religious throughout history were often counter cultural for their times). Documents of Vatican II acknowledged that the role of women in society was undergoing transformation and that the full dignity and vocation of women within the Church and society at large needed to be explored further. It was at Vatican II and the years following it that the significance and nature of women’s role in the life of the Church and in the promotion of the Christian Faith has been articulated so clearly and powerfully by the Church. Beautiful and profound teachings emerged throughout the latter half of the twentieth century, including Pope John Paul II’s “On the Dignity and Vocation of Women” (1988) and his letter to women in 1995. This workshop will allow participants to explore together how the Church’s teachings on the unique genius of Women are of enduring relevance and significance and how they can empower and guide women to develop their full dignity and vocation in 21st century Australia. Professor Celia Hammond, Vice Chancellor, The University of Notre Dame Australia Professor Hammond holds the position of Vice Chancellor at The University of Notre Dame Australia with direct responsibility for managing and overseeing the University operations on the Broome, Fremantle and Sydney campuses. Professor Hammond is a legal practitioner with experience in private practice in Western Australia. She has held senior leadership, management and teaching positions at Notre Dame, where she has been a staff member for over fifteen years. She was appointed Vice Chancellor in August 2008. She has wide experience teaching in commercial law and has published in the areas of corporate, property, and insolvency law. She also has experience in industrial relations. Professor Hammond currently holds or has held membership on Hospital Ethics Committees, Law Society Committees, Academic Committees, Catholic Education Boards and School Boards Sacred Sexuality: Energising the Prophetic Role of Matrimony Dr Byron Pirola & Francine Pirola How does one present the wisdom of the Church to mainstream Catholics and families in today’s culture? Since the Second Vatican council, the social landscape has changed dramatically making the transmission of Catholic values more difficult. Open hostility from the secular media and misrepresentation of Catholic teachings, together with an increase in interfaith marriages make the conversation with Catholic families more complex. The secularization and sexualisation of the culture competes with the message of the Gospel and the practice of the faith, leaving many families ill-equipped to pass on the faith to their children. Drawing on key insights from their work in marriage and family spanning two decades, this workshop will explore the practical ways to evangelise through marriage and the family in the current cultural climate. The role of Matrimonied couples as prophetic leaders and agents of evangelization will be discussed and practical strategies for empowering married couples to be forces of evangelisation through their relationship explored. Dr Byron Pirola, PhD & Francine Pirola, MA, Executive Directors, Marriage Resource Centre Byron and Francine are Directors of the Marriage Resource Centre and are recognised leaders in marriage education, with a particular emphasis on understanding its sacramental nature in the Catholic faith. They have five children and a wealth of down-to-earth practical experience in the daily realities of marriage, relationships, family life and parenting. Married since 1988, they are founders and directors of the marriage enrichment seminar SmartLoving Marriage (formerly Celebrate Love) which has been operating in Australia since 1990, and more recently in the UK, NZ and Uganda. They are also authors of the multi-media marriage preparation course SmartLoving Engaged (formerly Embrace) which is used for Catholic marriage preparation in dioceses across several English speaking countries. They are current members of the Australian Catholic Marriage and Family Council (a council of the ACBC), have represented the Australian Catholic Bishops at meetings of the Pontifical Council of the Family, are former past presidents of the Australian Council of Natural Family Planning, and co-founders of the Antioch youth movement. Currently, they are members of the Executive of PMRC (Australia) and Directors of its Marriage Resource Centre and LivingWell Media. They are the authors and creators of the My School Diary series which is used by more than 100,000 Catholic school students and teachers. In 2008 they launched CathFamily, an on-line initiative to support Catholic families in raising their children in faith. Byron holds a PhD in Biochemistry and Francine a Masters in Religion & Religious Education from Fordham University. Come so far, so far to go: The Council’s call to Inter-religious Dialogue Sr Giovanni Farquer This workshop sets out to examine the nature, special significance and impact of the document “Nostra Aetate” on the Church and on the world, fifty years on. Focus will be given to the robust debate, over several years, initially private, later more public, amongst the Council Fathers in consultation with Jewish and other scholars, about the purpose, scope, content and title of the document. Attention will be drawn to the critical role played by Cardinal Bea appointed by Pope John XXIII to chair the Commission. Reference will be made to others of extraordinary vision and influence, for example Jules Isaacs, a reputed French historian and a secular Jew. The remarkably polished, five paragraph Declaration “Nostra Aetate” will be explored in the context of its source, its situation in time and in particular, its implications for the human family today, a human family united in origin, life’s pilgrimage and final destiny. It will be proposed for consideration that the Council Fathers, primarily through “Nostra Aetate”, opened the Catholic Church to living dialogue with Jews and people of other Faiths. In this sense the Declaration was an act of the Catholic Church directed to all of its members about proper attitudes and conduct towards Jews and other peoples of World Faiths. Of all the documents of Vatican II it is the shortest, yet solid and exciting. It was and still is regarded by many in Religious and Secular Society as having ground breaking potential for generating peace, justice and unity amongst the whole human family. Its relevance, even after fifty years, remains undisputed. The final segment of the workshop will be devoted to questions and comments. Workshop participants will be invited to discuss with one another and share their perceptions of, for example, the post Conciliar Church response to the Council’s call to Interfaith dialogue and the extent to which interfaith dialogue reflects universal questions relating to the whole of humanity. Sr Giovanni Farquer, Director of Ecumenism and Inter-religious Relations, Archdiocese of Sydney Sister Giovanni worked in primary and secondary education for ten years before assuming roles in Educational and Congregational leadership. A graduate of the University of Melbourne, Sister Giovanni holds a Bachelor of Arts (Hon) English Literature and Middle Eastern History, Master of Arts Middle Eastern History - Thesis: Christology in the Koran. Sister Giovanni was awarded a Fellowship by UNESCO for further studies abroad and completed a Master of Educational Administration at the Sorbonne Paris followed by units of study at The International Institute for Educational Planning (Paris), the Gregorian University, Rome and the Pontifical Institute for Arabic and Islamic Studies. Sr Giovanni is currently the Director of Ecumenism and Inter-religious Relations, Archdiocese of Sydney. The Call to Co-Responsibility: Lay Leadership in the Church Daniel Ang Since the Second Vatican Council the concept of ‘collaboration’ has been the dominant framework through which the magisterium has read the relationship of laity to the ministry of the clergy. However, that began to change on 26 May, 2009, when Pope Benedict XVI, in an address to the Diocese of Rome, raised the term ‘co-responsibility’ as an appropriate hermeneutic through which to understand the role of laypeople in the Church. This paper will present the theological basis and implications of such a development, underlining the significance of ‘co-responsibility’ as an ongoing realisation of the ecclesiology of communion that is the fundamental idea of the Council documents. It will address the accompanying shift from a contrastive theology of the laity to a more positive assessment of the contribution of the laity to the Church’s being and acting. Specifically, it will contend that the endorsement of ‘co-responsibility’ by Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI signals not only clear recognition of the fact of change in ecclesial ministry but acts as a stimulus to the development of lay leadership into the future. This greater realisation of common responsibility in the life of the Church depends largely on a deeper integration of the Christological and Pneumatological dimensions of Vatican II’s ecclesiology. In this integration lies the promise of the pastoral renewal and growth of the Church as a communion and the flourishing of its mission as agent of ‘the new evangelisation’. Daniel Ang, Pastoral Planning Offier, Diocese of Parramatta Daniel Ang is currently the Pastoral Planning Officer for the Diocese of Parramatta. He teaches ecclesiology, ministry and ecumenical theology at the Parramatta Institute for Mission and holds a Bachelor of Arts/Commerce from the University of Sydney and a Master of Divinity from the Sydney College of Divinity, undertaken at the Catholic Institute of Sydney. His research interests include the work of ressourcement theologian Henri de Lubac SJ and the writings of Thomas Merton. Daniel is published in a number of peer reviewed journals in the areas of ecclesiology and pastoral theology. He has worked in the context of diocesan, parish and religious life, in strategic planning and adult faith education. He is a married layman with one son. Daniel blogs at www.timeofthechurch.com and can be found on Twitter @DanielAngRC. Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. One in Christ Jesus: The Ecumenical Turn of Vatican II Fr Gerard Kelly Commenting on the importance of Vatican II’s Decree on Ecumenism, Pope John Paul II said, “ecumenism, the movement promoting Christian unity, is not just some sort of ‘appendix’ which is added to the Church’s traditional activity.” He taught that ecumenism is an organic part of the Church’s life and work. Ecumenism calls for a renewal in Church life and witness, so that we may be truly the Church that God desires. The Decree on Ecumenism developed strong Catholic principles of ecumenism, relying on the theological vision of the Church presented in the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church. One of the fruits of Vatican II’s ecumenical turn has been engagement in dialogue. Dialogue involves deep listening to each other. In the process we learn something about the other, but just as importantly we learn something about ourselves, and about the Church. The ecumenical turn of Vatican II suggests that we only fully realise our true identity when we are open to learn from others. In this workshop we will review the major themes of the Decree on Ecumenism and note how its reception unfolded in the Catholic Church and in other churches and communities. The Catholic Church in Australia has been at the forefront of ecumenical engagement. We will note some of that engagement. Some say that we are now living in an ecumenical winter. Does this mean that we have abandoned the ecumenical turn of Vatican II? Or is it rather a sign of the enormous progress that has already been made? The last steps in the journey to full visible unity are the most difficult. What are the challenges that still face us? What resources do we have to deal with them? Fr Gerard Kelly, President of the Catholic Institute of Sydney and Professor of Theology, Catholic Institute of Sydney Gerard Kelly was ordained a priest of the Archdiocese of Sydney in 1980, after completing studies at the Catholic Institute of Sydney (CIS) and graduating with the Baccalaureate of Sacred Theology (STB). After three years at St Joseph’s parish, Moorebank, he returned to the Catholic Institute of Sydney to undertake further study, and graduated in 1986 with the Licentiate in Sacred Theology (STL). At the beginning of 1986 he began as a lecturer in Theology at CIS. In the middle of 1988 he commenced doctoral studies at the Collège universitaire dominicain in Ottawa, Canada, and successfully defended his doctoral thesis at the end of 1992. He returned to CIS at the beginning of 1993 to resume as a lecturer in Theology and to take up the position of Deputy President. In 2004 he was appointed President of the Catholic Institute of Sydney, a position he currently holds. In 1993 he was a member of the Catholic Church’s delegation to the World Conference on Faith and Order, in Santiago de Compostela, Spain. He is currently the co-chair of the Lutheran–Roman Catholic Dialogue in Australia, and is chair of the Faith and Unity Commission of the National Council of Churches in Australia. He is a member of the Australian Catholic Council for Ecumenism and Inter-Religious Relations. He is also a member of the Archdiocese of Sydney Commission for Ecumenical and Interfaith Relations. From Gaudium et Spes to Humanae vitae, and beyond: a life-giving humanity Rev Dr Gerald Gleeson, Associate Professor in the Sydney College of Divinity, Catholic Institute of Sydney Although the emerging question of contraception was removed from the debates at Vatican II, the Council did make important statements of principle about marriage and responsible parenthood. In this workshop we will review the Council’s teaching in its Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern World in the light of Pope Paul VI’s 1968 encyclical Humanae Vitae which reaffirmed the Church’s conviction that contraception is not in accord with the true meaning of Christian marriage. We will identify lines of continuity between the Council’s teaching and the encyclical, and review the ways in which the Church’s teaching on responsible parenthood has been further developed in the decades since. It will be argued that these developments make Paul VI’s teaching more accessible than it was in 1968. Nonetheless, the reception of Humanae Vitae – and hence of Vatican II –remains a continuing theological and pastoral challenge, with implications for all aspects of Catholic life today. Gerald Gleeson is a priest of the Archdiocese of Sydney. He studied philosophy and theology at the Catholic Institute of Sydney, and undertook graduate studies in philosophy at the University of Cambridge and the Catholic University of Leuven (Belgium). He is an Honorary Fellow of Australian Catholic University, attached to the Plunkett Centre for Ethics in Health Care (Darlinghurst). Same message, new way: the communicating Church in a digital age Dr Matthew Tan, Lecturer in Theology and Philosophy, Campion College Australia This workshop will provide an overview of Inter Mirifica, the Decree on the Media of Social Communications, and seek to apply the principles within the document to the Church's new postmodern context, where social media is now the predominant communications medium. Dr Matthew Tan is Lecturer in Theology and Philosophy at Campion College Australia. He received his doctorate in Political Theology at Australian Catholic University, and his Licentiate in Sacred Theology at the Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas in Rome. He is the editor of the theological blog the Divine Wedgie. He has an upcoming book analysing a line of a paragraph of a document of Vatican II, entitled Justice, Unity and the Hidden Christ: the Theopolitics of the Social Justice Approach to Ecumenism in Vatican II. This will be published next year by Pickwick Publications. Indigenous Peoples and Vatican II: a rallying cry for Inculturation? Graeme Mundine, Executive Officer, ACM Sydney Archdiocese There is a long history between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples and the Catholic Church in Australia. Many generations of Indigenous Peoples have committed to the Catholic faith and yet they have not always been joyfully received in the full life of the Church. Vatican II offered an opportunity to pause and to re-think about how the Australian Church relates to and includes Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples and their cultures. Of particular importance is the thinking on Inculturation and how Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples engage in the Church and also how the Church engages with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, their cultures and spirituality. This workshop will consider, from an Aboriginal perspective, whether thinking, in the Australian context, about Inculturation has evolved since Vatican II. Pope John Paul II said to Aboriginal People in 1986 “The Church invites you to express the living word of Jesus in ways that speak to your Aboriginal minds and hearts”. In this workshop we will consider whether the post Vatican II Australian Church has meaningfully extended that invitation, how Aboriginal people have experienced being Aboriginal and being Catholic and what challenges remain. Graeme Mundine is the Executive Officer of the Sydney Archdiocese’s Aboriginal Catholic Ministry, based at Alexandria. Graeme brings with him over thirty years experience of working with Churches. Prior to joining the ACM Graeme was with the National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Ecumenical Commission (NATSIEC) which is the Indigenous commission of the National Council of Churches. He was also the inaugural Chair and Executive officer of the National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Catholic Council (NATSICC). Prior to that Graeme was a Marist Brother and worked in schools and youth ministry. In all these roles Graeme strives to bring a greater understanding to the non-Indigenous community of the issues concerning Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People. Graeme is committed to advocating for the needs of Aboriginal People within Churches, with Government and with the wider community. We Weren't There: Vat II for Gen X, Y & Next Dr Joel Hodge What is the experience of young people in the post-Vatican II Church? This question is often placed within the context of a larger debate about evangelisation and how faith can be passed on in the modern context. The question has been asked with increasing urgency as the numbers of young people active in the Church seem to dwindle. Is Vatican II to blame for this situation? Can Vatican II offer anything to answer this dilemma? This workshop will begin by assessing the effect of the Council, as well as the influence of general cultural changes, on young people. It is important to note that many young people in Australia know little about the Second Vatican Council and its impact on church life. Nevertheless, in some ways, they seem to have been influenced by the Council and have appropriated some of its most important messages and perspectives. Furthermore, the great changes experienced in the Church and the general Australian community since the 1960s have affected the social context and norms of the current generation of young people. Drawing on current research, this presentation will also explore the experiences, attitudes, ideas and characteristics of Catholic young people in the light of these social changes. It will end by examining current movements in the Church that might offer a taste of what is to come. Dr Joel Hodge, Lecturer in Systematic Theology, Australian Catholic University Joel Hodge is a Lecturer in the Faculty of Theology and Philosophy at the Australian Catholic University (St Patrick's Melbourne campus). He is co-editor of "Vatican II: Reception and Implementation in the Australian Church" (John Garratt Publishing, 2012) and authored a chapter in the book, “The Post-Vatican II Experience of Youth". He was also on the organising committee for the "Fruits and Future of Vatican II" conference held in Melbourne last year. Joel has had some involvement with youth ministry, including as a member of the Brisbane Archdiocesan Commission for Ministry with Young People (2007-8). He is also author of "Resisting Violence and Victimisation: Christian Faith and Solidarity in East Timor" (published by Ashgate, 2012) and co-editor of "Violence, Desire, and the Sacred: Girard's Mimetic Theory Across the Disciplines" (Continuum, 2012). "In the Beginning..." The Biblical Imperative of Vatican II Dr Robert Hugh Tilley When we think of the Second Vatican Council and the Bible it is easy to think only of Dei Verbum, and although this is where we would start, nevertheless unless we see something of how this Document relates to the overall Council, we will miss its full significance. This is because informing the Council was a biblical logic that can be characterised as gracefulness, the major characteristic of which is the principle of expansive inclusiveness. It is in the Church that the meaning of the Bible grows; that is, grows as a seed grows into a tree, a tree tall and majestic, and, to borrow from the words of Jesus, one that becomes the home of all the birds of the world (Mark 4:31-32). The goal of this workshop is to show how the graceful dynamic of expansive inclusiveness is present in the Council and in the Scriptures. We will see how this dynamic serves both to frame the Bible and to elucidate the meaning of its contents. That is, to show how this dynamic is present in the opening chapters of Genesis, the first book of the Bible, and how it is brought to completion in the closing chapters of the Book of Revelation, the last book of the Christian Bible. The question we want to take away from this workshop is this: in light of Dei Verbum how are we to serve the Church and, thereby, serve the world, which is to say to help in some small measure the bringing about of the New Jerusalem? Dr Robert Hugh Tilley, Lecturer in Biblical Studies, The Catholic Institute of Sydney Robert Tilley received his doctorate from the University of Sydney with a thesis on the interplay between biblical studies, textual theory, and critical hermeneutics, entitled Reading the Sacred Text. He has lectured widely not only in the field of biblical studies but on the engagement between literature and the arts with theology and philosophy. He has lectured and tutored in biblical studies at the University of Sydney, the Catholic Institute of Sydney, and Notre Dame (Sydney). He has also taught at the Aquinas Academy Sydney, and the Catholic Adult Education College at Lidcombe.. His work on the theology of Benedict XVI was published in 2007 – Benedict XVI and the Search for Truth – and his next book on Our Lady and the Bible – Mary the Temple of Scripture – is with the publisher now. He is currently working on two books, one on the Book of Job for a work tentatively titled That Which I Greatly Feared: Theology and Terror, and another on St Paul entitled Reading Graciously: The Word of the Cross and the Theology of Inclusion. Griefs and hopes: How the Church has fared since the second Vatican Council Archbishop Philip Wilson In this workshop I would like to explore the experience of the Church since the closure of the Second Vatican Council in 1965. An examination of the hopes and expectations that abounded at the end of the Council and some of the griefs that people experienced, and what they considered to be the imperfect application of the Council's insights to the life of the Church. My aim would be to point out that, in my opinion, the positives outnumbered the negatives. In my presentation, I will make special reference to the 1983 Code of Canon Law. Archbishop Philip Wilson BTh, LittD, DD, JCL, Archbishop, Archdiocese of Adelaide Archbishop Wilson grew up in Cessnock, in New South Wales’ Hunter Valley, and served as a Priest in nearby Maitland. He was ordained a Bishop in 1996 when he was appointed by Pope John Paul II as Bishop of Wollongong. Five years later, he became the eighth Archbishop of Adelaide. In 2006, Archbishop Wilson was elected President of the Australian Catholic Bishops Conference and subsequently re-elected twice more, and in 2012 was elected Vice President. Also in 2012, Archbishop Wilson was elected Chairman of the Justice, Ecology and Development Commission of the Australian Catholic Bishops Conference and Chairperson of Catholic Earthcare Australia. Archbishop Wilson was also elected as a Member of the Canon Law Commission of the Australian Catholic Bishops Conference in 2012. The work of the Holy Spirit amongst the Laity since Vatican Shanelle Bennett (B. Soc Sci, Dip. Theol), Executive Director, NET Ministries This workshop will take as its focus the development of the role of the laity in the Church since the Second Vatican Council. In a particular way, we will look at the role of laity in the mission of the Church, keeping in mind the fundamental question posed by Pope Paul VI in his Apostolic Exhortation, Evangelii Nuntiandi: … after the Council and thanks to the Council, which was a time given her by God, at this turning-point of history, does the Church or does she not find herself better equipped to proclaim the Gospel and to put it into people's hearts with conviction, freedom of spirit and effectiveness? (Evangelii Nuntiandi, 4) When the Second Vatican Council affirmed the dignity of every believer that comes as a result of Baptism and the subsequent universal call to holiness and mission, a new horizon opened for lay people in the life of the Church. In subsequent years, the participation of the lay faithful in the life and mission of the Church was more clearly articulated. Great missionary writings such as Evangelii Nuntiandi and Redemptoris Missio presented both encouragement and challenge to millions of lay people from around the world who had caught the vision of the Council and had responded in their local situations. Pope John Paul II’s Apostolic Exhortation, Christifideles Laici, following the Synod on the Lay Faithful in 1987 was a radical appeal to the lay faithful to take up their role. Conscious of the changing social, political and economic realities in the world and aware of a decline in missionary fervour, he states unequivocally, A new state of affairs today both in the Church and in social, economic, political and cultural life, calls with a particular urgency for the action of the lay faithful. If lack of commitment is always unacceptable, the present time renders it even more so. It is not permissible for anyone to remain idle. (C.l.3) More recently, Pope Benedict asked the question, “To what extent is the pastoral co-responsibility of all, and particularly of the laity, recognized and encouraged?” In this workshop, we will explore this exciting journey which continues to open up new horizons. Shanelle Bennett is the Executive Director of NET Ministries, a peer to peer youth ministry established for 25 years in the Catholic Church of Australia. She has a Bachelor’s degree in Social Science (counseling/psychology) and has worked many years as a Counsellor. She has a diploma in Theology and is currently undertaking further studies in counseling. Shanelle has over thirty five years of experience in youth ministry, and has spoken at Youth and Leadership Conferences both on a National and International level. Shanelle also facilitates Retreats for Women locally and nationally. Shanelle has served as a member of the Archbishop’s Taskforce on Vocations for the past 10 years, and was appointed by the Archbishop of Brisbane to the Commission for Ministry with Youth People for three years.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729490
__label__wiki	0.917383	0.917383	11 January: It is reported Phase 1 of the Odeon conversion will be completed in February (originally scheduled for June 1994) and that part of the theatre could open by summer 1995; the intention being the end-stage McCarthy Theatre / Cinema, restaurant and box office will open first. 16 January: Charles McCarthy, chairman of Scarborough Theatre Development Trust, denies completion of the Odeon conversion has been delayed due to funding issues, noting Phase 2 is accepted to begin in May with the theatre opening completely by December 1995. 19 March: The Lindsay String Quartet performs a fund-raising recital at the Stephen Joseph Theatre In The Round for the New Theatre Appeal. 14 - 18 March: Actress Maureen Lipman presents Re:Joyce - her tribute to Joyce Grenfell - for a week at the Spa Theatre to raise funds for the New Theatre Appeal. Lunchtime productions are dropped from the summer programme due to preparations for the company's move to the new theatre in 1996. 13 April: The Spring / Summer season opens with the world premiere of Alan Ayckbourn & John Pattison's musical A Word From Our Sponsor; this will be the final new Ayckbourn play to open at the venue; this summer marks the 40th anniversary of the Library Theatre opening in 1955. 13 April: All the neon lights at the Odeon conversion are switched on for the first time to mark the star of the Stephen Joseph Theatre In The Round's final summer season. 20 May: In a live Saturday night broadcast from Scarborough's Sun Court on the BBC, it is announced one of the first major National Lottery grants of £1.5m is to be awarded to the New Theatre Appeal. 24 May: It is announced Phase 1 of the Odeon conversion has been completed and work on Phase 2 will begin immediately. The announcement of the £1.5m Lottery award triggers a European Community grant of £495,000. It is noted the theatre just needs to raise £325,000 to meet the target which has risen to £5.1m. 3 June: The actress Sophie Winter, who has been with the company since 1993, collapses and tragically dies prior to the final performance of A Word From Our Sponsor. 12 June: Despite the tragic circumstances, A Word From Our Sponsor transfers to Chichester Festival Theatre with Phyllida Hancock taking on the role of Gussie. 10 July: The Scarborough Evening News reports the new theatre could open with a revised revival of Alan Ayckbourn and Andrew Lloyd Webber's flop musical Jeeves. Summer: Three members of the company perform three solo shows - Taylor's Tickler, Hovering and Dorothy Parker's Dead - to raise money for the new Stephen Joseph Theatre. 21 August: Opening night of the late night production of Harold Pinter's Betrayal; this is the final production Alan Ayckbourn will direct at the venue. 20 September: The Autumn / Winter season opens with Talking Heads by Alan Bennett. 20 November: It is reported the National Theatre's Head of Press - and former Stephen Joseph Theatre In The Round press officer - Stephen Wood is to become the General Administrator of the new theatre.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729494
__label__wiki	0.707206	0.707206	The threatened cut to the Stephen Joseph Theatre In The Round's subsidy by the Arts Council of Great Britain in 1984 results in the summer season being reduced by four weeks and one of the planned productions being cut. Scarborough Council's annual Holiday Guide publication manages to fail to make any mention of the Stephen Joseph Theatre In The Round; a spokesman for the council notes there was originally text which it was 'rather intended would go in." March: In one of several initiatives to raise extra financing for the theatre, it is announced several of the theatre's rooms will be made available out of season to hire to local bands looking for rehearsal space. Alan Ayckbourn is invited to become a company director at the National Theatre which he accepts. Robin Herford is appointed Director of Productions. 30 May: The Spring / Summer season opens with the world premiere of Alan Ayckbourn's Woman In Mind. 17 July: A production of Can't Pay, Won't Pay marks the company's first production of the prolific Italian playwright Dario Fo. 4 September: The Autumn / Winter season opens with Family Circles by Alan Ayckbourn. 11 October: World premiere of the two-part play The Brontës Of Haworth, adapted by Christopher Fry and Kerry Gardner from Fry's 1973 television series. It is not a success as the matinee school performances coincide with massive school strikes and the large cast often frequently outnumbers the audience! Autumn: Members of The Brontës Of Haworth company stage a production of Athol Fugard's Hello And Goodbye at the Stephen Joseph Theatre In The Round; specific performance dates are unrecorded. 31 December: Ken Boden steps down as Theatre Manager having been with the company since its formation in 1955; his replacement is announced as Ian Watson.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729495
__label__cc	0.599022	0.400978	#781: Experiential Design of Psychedelic Therapy: The Multiplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies & the Future of FDA-Approved MDMA https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/d1icj85yqthyoq.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Voices-of-VR-781-Liana-Sananda-Gillooly.mp3 The Multiplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies has been doing frontier research into the therapeutic uses of psychedelics for the past 33 years, and they’re currently in Phase 3 FDA trials for MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of severe Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). MAPS played a huge role in recent books like Michael Pollen’s “How to Change Your Mind“, and has been providing the scientific legitimacy for the therapeutic uses of psychedelics. It’s also helped to bring the psychedelic culture out from the underground to the point where the Consciousness Hacking community decided to name psychedelics as a main part of the Awakened Futures Summit, which explored the intersection between psychedelics, technology, and meditation. I had a chance to talk with MAPS Development Officer Liana Sananda Gillooly at the Awakened Futures Summit where we talked about the history of MAPS, the current FDA trial process to get MDMA FDA approved for the treatment of PTSD, the broader experiential design protocols that MAPS is developing in order to cultivate a proper set and setting for the therapeutic use of psychedelics, the leveraging of eastern and indigenous philosophies in the development of a broader cultural context for the therapeutic use of psychedelics, harm reduction suggestions of technologies and communities to provide peer-to-peer therapeutic assistance for the recreational use of psychedelics, the historical evolution of the psychedelic underground, the decriminalization of psychedelics in Denver, the broader war on drugs and her personal opinions of drug policy reform, and her personal passion of eventually using psychedelics to work as a “death doula” helping reduce the anxiety, grief, and trauma around the process of death and dying — but that she needs to help legalize the therapeutic use of psychedelics before she can do that. Gillooly says that our culture is facing a crisis of consciousness, and that we need as many people as we can to explore alternative ways of knowing in order to help solve some of the deepest ecological, economic, political, and social justice crises that are facing our world today. She also talks about the MAPS Public Benefit Corporation that was created in order to manufacture and distribute MDMA once it receives final FDA approval. All of the profits from the sale of psychedelics will be funneled from the MAPS Public Benefit Corporation back into the MAPS non-profit in order to continue evangelizing the legalization of psychedelics, training psychedelic therapy practitioners, and funding continued research into the health benefits of psychedelic therapies. Gillooly says that they’re doing psychedelic therapy on the economic system itself, and that they’re poised to disrupt the existing economic business models of the pharmaceutical industry. They’re going to have a hard limit for the number of psychedelic treatments that are made available, and the sessions will be focused on cultivating the innate healing capacities of each individual in a holistic approach that isn’t designed to get them dependent upon drugs forever. This conversation and my experiences at the Awakened Futures Summit convinced me that we really are on the cusp of a pretty revolutionary psychedelic renaissance that is pretty closely mirroring what’s happening with the renaissance of VR, AR, AI, immersive theater, and with embodied, experiential entertainment in general. There are many opportunities for how immersive technologies will be serving as a psychedelic primer, assessment tool, and psychedelic integration tool. Adam Gazalley also talked at the summit about how Akili Interactive is also in the process of getting a video game FDA-approved for the use as a treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and how this is a new and emerging form of “experiential medicine.” It’s an open question for what design frameworks and philosophical foundations will be used to fully understand the principles of experiential medicine, but there is lots to learn from non-Western traditions of Eastern Philosophy and Indigenous Philosophies, especially in the culture that’s been cultivated around transformative psychedelic experiences. So it’s an exciting time in the world of how the worlds of experiential design and psychedelic therapies will continue to intersect, and Gillooly does a great job of setting the broader context for why psychedelics are such a hot topic in our culture today.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729497
__label__cc	0.603696	0.396304	Report on Popocatepetl (Mexico) — 4 February-10 February 2009 Smithsonian / US Geological Survey Weekly Volcanic Activity Report, 4 February-10 February 2009 Global Volcanism Program, 2009. Report on Popocatepetl (Mexico). In: Sennert, S K (ed.), Weekly Volcanic Activity Report, 4 February-10 February 2009. Smithsonian Institution and US Geological Survey. Volcano Profile \| Weekly Report (4 February-10 February 2009) CENAPRED reported that emissions of steam and gas from Popocatépetl were visible during 4-10 February; the plumes occasionally contained slight amounts of ash. On 6 February, an ash plume rose 800 m above the crater at 0839, and was followed by 75 minutes of increased seismicity. Geologic Background. Volcán Popocatépetl, whose name is the Aztec word for smoking mountain, rises 70 km SE of Mexico City to form North America's 2nd-highest volcano. The glacier-clad stratovolcano contains a steep-walled, 400 x 600 m wide crater. The generally symmetrical volcano is modified by the sharp-peaked Ventorrillo on the NW, a remnant of an earlier volcano. At least three previous major cones were destroyed by gravitational failure during the Pleistocene, producing massive debris-avalanche deposits covering broad areas to the south. The modern volcano was constructed south of the late-Pleistocene to Holocene El Fraile cone. Three major Plinian eruptions, the most recent of which took place about 800 CE, have occurred since the mid-Holocene, accompanied by pyroclastic flows and voluminous lahars that swept basins below the volcano. Frequent historical eruptions, first recorded in Aztec codices, have occurred since Pre-Columbian time. Source: Centro Nacional de Prevencion de Desastres (CENAPRED)	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729498
__label__cc	0.730973	0.269027	TDMTLTUT: Ulysses 31 This will be the start of a series of articles I'll be doing on the TV shows of my youth, entitled They Don't Make Them Like They Used To or TDMTLTUT for short. I'll be hoping to focus on two things. 1) The awesome theme tunes and 2) the bat shit insane stories. But mostly the awesome theme tunes. This week, I'm going with the under appreciated classic Ulysses 31. The show was a French/Japanese cross-over production and is as far-out as you'd imagine one to be. It's a basic retelling of the Greek myths of Ulysses but updated to the 31st century. Zeus (now a big floating head in space) curses Ulysses and his crew because Ulysses saved them from a cyclops. The crew are kept in the creepiest kind of suspended animation (they hung in mid air, like corpses) until Ulysses and his son Telemachus, a robot and a young alien girl make the voyage to Hades. Encountering several problems and challenges along the way, of course. It has a weird mix of both ancient Greek style and futuristic technology. For example the Greek style head pieces but instead of the traditional leaves it is a metal band with aerials and screws. There was a little red robot called No-No who ate screws and scrap metals. He also had a handle on his head that he could press to rev himself up... ladies. Oh and did I mention the ship is essentially a flying eye? This show was all kinds of fucked up. It was dark and slow paced which you would think made it unsuitable for kids but it was repeated constantly on TV and I loved it endlessly. If you can buy the DVD box set or legally acquire it from a torrent site, you won't regret it. I've already got the theme tune stuck in my head just thinking about it. If you think of a cross between Daft Punk and the guy who sang the Pokemon theme tune, you'd be close. Luckily, because the Internet was designed to please my inner child, I don't have to try and describe it! Have a listen and enjoy humming it for the rest of the day. This video also contains a quick "previously on" which will give you a good impression of what you're up against. Labels: TDMTLTUT John December 3, 2010 at 12:55 PM Haha, just came across this post, I thought i was the only person who knew about this show and loved it. I bought the box set on DVD, but i can't get any of my mates into it at all. They just don't know what they're missing. Aaron December 6, 2010 at 10:30 AM I agree. It's a classic show that has been too often overlooked.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729499
__label__wiki	0.869755	0.869755	Could we refill the Great Artesian Basin with floodwater? If we can tap the Artesian Basin to take water out, why can't we pump water back into it in times of flood ? By Annie Hastwell The water pressure in the Great Artesian Basin has declined substantially because of the extraction of water from artificial bores. (Source: iStockphoto) Coal seam groundwater concerns, ABC Environment, 22 Mar 2011 If we can tap the Artesian Basin to take water out, why can't we pump water back into it in times of flood? It's a temptingly simple idea that in times of flood we can inject surplus water back into the Great Artesian Basin. But while reinjection is technically feasible, the trick is to collect that water and inject it into the right locations, and the sheer size of the artesian basin makes that difficult, says Dr Vincent Post, from the National Centre for Groundwater Research and Training. The Great Artesian Basin underlies 22 per cent of the continent stretching across Queensland to the south east corner of the Northern Territory, north east corner of South Australia and northern New South Wales. But it is not just one big underground lake. The water is confined and pressurised within a massive geological formation of porous sandstone, known as an aquifer, where it flows and is stored in different ways. When a bore is sunk in an aquifer, artesian water flows to the surface and can be extracted. But when looking for places to extract water, and for that matter to re-inject it, Post says its necessary to look for rock layers that have high storage capacity, but are also permeable enough to transmit the water. "The water needs to be able to move through the rock because otherwise you can push or pull all you want but the water isn't going anywhere." Aquifers are recharged when rainfall and streamflow infiltrates down through exposed permeable rock and refills the underground storage spaces. Water moves through sandstone extremely slowly, at a rate of between one and five metres a year. Radioactive dating indicates that some of the water in the Basin is over one million years old, but it's still uncertain exactly where it comes from and where it goes to. "The classic model says recharge happens mainly along the eastern border of the Basin," says Post, "The question is does that water from the Great Dividing Range make it south to Lake Eyre in one uninterrupted flow system, or does the Basin consist of various compartments that each have separate recharge and discharge areas?" He says there is some evidence of more localised recharge in a recent study of the Finke River in central Australia, which showed changes after wet winters and floods. ^ to top Pressure problems Underground water has been in demand since the first bore was sunk at Bourke in New South Wales in 1878. More recently mining activity has added hugely to that demand. So can scientists come up with an equation that shows whether we are taking out more water than is flowing in? "In principle we could," says Post. "[But] much of the area that it underlies is not densely populated, so there are very few observation wells or places where there is the necessary infrastructure to take measurements." Without more information about recharge areas and rates it isn't possible for scientists to come up with a meaningful equation. But scientists are concerned by the declining pressure of water in the Basin, which can be measured by the state of the mound springs in northern South Australia, where water is forced naturally to the surface. "With any aquifer the size of the Great Artesian basin, the age of the water is so old, and it flows slowly and recharges slowly, so if you take something out it will take a very long time, maybe thousands of years, for the water levels to restore to their original levels." As with all water problems, he says, it's not a matter of there being too little water, but the distribution in space and time that's causing the problems. "If it rains in Queensland and the water levels are dropping in South Australia then no one is going to pay for a pipeline to ship all that stormwater from Queensland to South Australia and reinject it there. And there's not a lot of merit in injecting it into the aquifer in Queensland when water levels are critical in South Australia because it might take a million years to get there." Dr Vincent Post is a hydrogeologist, He is the chief investigator at the National Centre for Groundwater Research and Training, and lecturers at Flinders University. Dr Post was interviewed by Annie Hastwell. Tags: floods, earth-sciences, geology, water, water-management Email ABC Science Use these social-bookmarking links to share Could we refill the Great Artesian Basin with floodwater?. Use this form to email 'Could we refill the Great Artesian Basin with floodwater?' to someone you know: More Ask an Expert What will happen when this huge Antarctic ice shelf cracks? How the sun messes with your TV, radio and internet twice a year The science of earthquakes explained Are your 'sea legs' in your brain or your muscles? Lightning, tornadoes and mice: the science of bushfires Latest Ask an Expert web feed You might also be interested in Water Global call to change the way we regulate salinity Robots reveal thicker Antarctic sea ice The first stars almost within reach Water older than the solar system Half of Earth's water may be older than the Sun Water news and features web feed	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729500
__label__wiki	0.616008	0.616008	Teamback to team John L. Garcia John joined AEA in 1999 as a Partner and Head of AEA’s then newly-formed European operations based in London. In 2002, he became President of AEA while continuing to head European operations and lead AEA’s global Value-Added Industrial Products and Specialty Chemicals teams. John became CEO of AEA in 2006 and was named Chairman in 2012. As CEO, he was responsible for AEA’s investment review process and overall strategy and operations. He was also instrumental in the creation of the AEA Private Debt Funds and the AEA Small Business Funds. In 2019, John became Executive Chairman. John has served on the board of numerous AEA portfolio companies in addition to various other companies. John serves as the chairman or member of the investment committee for all the various AEA private equity and private debt funds. Before joining AEA, John held various positions at Credit Suisse First Boston, including global head of the chemicals group, member of the European investment banking department’s management committee, head of the European acquisitions, leveraged finance and financial sponsors group, and head of the European natural resources group. Earlier in his career, he was a managing director at Schroder Wertheim in New York and held a number of industrial positions at Atlantic Richfield in Philadelphia. M.B.A., Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania Ph.D. in Chemistry, Princeton University M.A. in Chemistry, Princeton University B.Sc., University of Kent BOA Group Convenience Food Systems CPG International Dematic Noveon International Pregis Corporation Sovereign Specialty Chemicals Symrise AG	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729505
__label__wiki	0.780237	0.780237	Würzburg Residence with the Court Gardens and Residence Square HOME / Europe / Federal-republic-of-germany / Würzburg Residence with the Court Gardens and Residence Square The Würzburg Residence (German: Würzburger Residenz) is a palace in Würzburg, southern Germany. Johann Lukas von Hildebrandt and Maximilian von Welsch, representants of the Austrian/South German Baroque were involved in the construction, as well as Robert de Cotte and Germain Boffrand, who were followers of the French Style. Balthasar Neumann, architect of the court of the Bishop of Würzburg, was the principal architect of the Residenz, which was commissioned by the Prince-Bishop of Würzburg Johann Philipp Franz von Schönborn and his brother Friedrich Carl von Schönborn in 1720, and completed in 1744. The Venetian painter Giovanni Battista Tiepolo, assisted by his son, Domenico, painted frescoes in the building. Interiors include the grand staircase, the chapel, and the grand salon. The building was dubbed the “nicest parsonage in Europe” by Napoleon. It was heavily damaged during World War II, and restoration has been in progress since 1945. The Würzburg Residence (German: Würzburger Residenz) is a palace in Würzburg, southern Germany. Historical Centre of the City of Yaroslavl Historic Fortified City of Carcassonne Universidade de Coimbra Renaissance Monumental Ensembles of Úbeda and Baeza Canterbury Cathedral, St. Augustine’s Abbey, and St. Martin’s Church Churches of Peace in Jawor and Swidnica Central Zone of the Town of Angra do Heroismo in the Azores Portovenere, Cinque Terre, and the Islands (Palmaria, Tino and Tinetto) Cathedral, Alcázar and Archivo de Indias in Seville Alhambra, Generalife and Albayzin, Granada Monasteries of Haghpat and Sanahin Santiago de Compostela (Old Town) Historic Centre of Rome, the Properties of the Holy See in that City Enjoying Extraterritorial Rights and San Paolo Fuori le Mura La Lonja de la Seda de Valencia Episcopal City of Albi Gough and Inaccessible Islands Cathedral, Torre Civica and Piazza Grande, Modena La Chaux-de-Fonds / Le Locle, watchmaking town planning Historic Areas of Istanbul Medieval City of Rhodes Ensemble of the Ferrapontov Monastery Our Lady of Ljeviš Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Former Abbey of Saint-Remi and Palace of Tau, Reims Archaeological Sites of Mycenae and Tiryns Roskilde Cathedral Late Baroque Towns of the Val di Noto Palau de la Música Catalana and Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona Val d’Orcia Laponian Area Historic Centre of Évora Wartburg Castle Major Town Houses of the Architect Victor Horta (Brussels) Neolithic Site of Çatalhöyük High Coast / Kvarken Archipelago Grand-Pré, Nova Scotia Kuk Early Agricultural Site Hallstatt-Dachstein Salzkammergut Cultural Landscape	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729507
__label__wiki	0.958696	0.958696	‘The Black Klansman’ – 40 years later, former detective encourages students to vote By Christine Tannous \| October 17th, 2018 African American police detective Ron Stallworth spent nine months undercover in the Klu Klux Klan (KKK) from 1978-79. Stallworth said he first became interested in going undercover in the KKK when he saw an ad for the organization in a local Colorado Springs newspaper. Not expecting a response, Stallworth said he wrote a note to the P.O. Box listed in the ad saying he hated everyone who was not white. “I put the undercover phone line there, mailed the letter off and forgot about it,” Stallworth said, “About a week later, I get a phone call.” Stallworth said the person on the other end of the phone was the KKK Chapter President for Colorado Springs at the time. During the rest of the investigation, Stallworth said his department helped stop cross burnings and gained intelligence on potential bombings planned by members of the KKK. On Oct. 12, Stallworth shared his experience with Webster Students in the Grant Gymnasium. Stallworth published a book on his story in 2014, entitled “Black Klansman”, and his story is the basis for Spike Lee’s movie “BlackKkKlansman”. The KKK is an organization dedicated to promoting a white supremacist agenda. Stallworth spent his time undercover gaining intelligence on the organization while posing as a member over the phone. As for Klan meetings, a white officer in his department posed as him. Webster University’s Multicultural Center and International Student Affairs sponsored the event. Coordinator Larry Morris said he hopes Stallworth’s story inspires students to stand up for issues in which they believe. “He took on the Klan, not by himself, but to be able to do that as a black man, it takes a lot of courage,” Morris said, “You still need to be a voice and stand up for what’s right, even if you are the only one first.” Stallworth said nothing has changed in the 40 years since he went undercover in the KKK. He said he believes, if anything, racial tensions have gotten worse. Stallworth said he hears President Donald Trump repeat the same phrases Duke told him over his undercover phone calls. By not denouncing the KKK, Stallworth said Trump has given them an outlet to spout hate. “Nazis are not good people,” Stallworth said. “He has given them cover, provided this shield for them to hide behind. In providing that, they no longer hide. They are out in the open.” Cheyenne Parker attended Stallworth’s speech after seeing the movie made based on his story. She said she admired Stallworth’s bravery because of the potential harmful consequences he could have suffered if his true identity was revealed. Parker, a political science major and treasurer of the Association for African American Collegians at Webster, said she felt uncomfortable with the way in which Stallworth worded some of his statements about white supremacy. She said she felt he was coming from a place of anger but felt it was understandable given his experience. “I try, when talking about those people, to not to show too much hate because it’s just a negative energy to have in your body,” Parker said. “He sounded like he hadn’t moved on from the situation as a whole.” Morris said America needs to have a conversation about its past. He said until people look at and acknowledge their privilege, the country cannot solve racial tensions. “If we’re not able to talk about inequality and talk about how this system has not been a benefit to people of color, I think we can’t move forward,” Morris said. Stallworth said he feels it is important for him to speak to students about his experience because they have the power to change the world for the better. He said the best way for students to accomplish change is by voting. Parker said she liked Stallworth’s message on the importance of voting. She said the only way to prevent violence is to vote. “I think that no matter how hard it is, we have to be in those lines, making that change,” Parker said. Celebrating 40 years of Webster fine arts On top of celebrating 100 years of operation, Webster University is celebrating something else. This… Webster students share favorite black historical figures for Black History Month From revolutionary Nelson Mandela to athlete Michael Jordan, students at Webster Univeristy share the historical… Only 50 percent of students graduate within six years A study from the National Student Clearinghouse Research Center showed that just over 50 percent…	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729510
__label__cc	0.745585	0.254415	Issue: Sep 2008 South African partnership for competitiveness - AIDC by Ed Richardson South Africa’s automotive industry is one of the oldest in the world – the first car (a Benz Velo) was imported in 1896, and assembly of the Model T Ford began in a former Port Elizabeth wool packing shed in 1924. It remains the biggest auto industry in Africa. South Africans are both resourceful and good at forming partnerships. Helping to develop partnerships between business, local, provincial and national government, labor, universities and colleges is the Automotive Industry Development Centre (AIDC). Automotive Industries (AI) asked Barlow Manilal, AIDC Acting Chief Executive Officer, what South African component manufacturers had to offer the world market. Manilal: South Africa is home to seven assemblers. This has provided a global platform to our manufacturing base. The government’s incentive and support programs have also started showing dividends in productivity improvements and international best practice. We consider ourselves as a niche manufacturing base for lower volumes relative to USA and Europe. With South Africa ranked at 44th in the World Economic Forums global competitiveness index, we are a viable alternative to India and China. South Africa’s ICT and banking infrastructure is amongst the world’s best. AI: What is the AIDC doing to help optimize logistics channels? Manilal: The AIDC has identified Logistics and the Supply Chain as one of its three key focus areas. We undertake a number of inventions that fall within the following service areas: (i) Infrastructure (ii) Process Improvements and (iii) Collaboration. Within the service area of infrastructure, we have been instrumental in developing automotive supplier parks throughout the country. Within the service area of process improvements the AIDC has led the development of a number of world first interventions that have enabled the industry interact and integrate seamlessly. South Africa has ranked 24th in the World Bank’s New Logistics Performance Index (LPI), making it the leading African country in trade logistics. AI: What are the main strengths of the South African motor industry? Manilal: The industry has built an enviable reputation as niche manufacturer of lower volumes runs that are unsustainable in most other countries. This is augmented by the Department of Trade and Industry’s Motor Industry Development Program (MIDP), which can largely be credited for phenomenal growth rate. Most of the assemblers resident in the country have been successfully operating for around 70 to 80 years. The past 10 years has seen unprecedented growth in the local market. Total sales last year were more than double the figure for 1999 – only eight years previously. The industry and key Government agencies are targeting production volumes of around 1.2 million vehicles by 2020. This is almost a doubling of the current outputs. The local vehicle industry has also demonstrated the ability to design components specific for African condition. The global growth surge over the next 20 years is undoubtedly going to come from Africa. This country will be the platform from which to spearhead any brand penetration into new African markets. AI: What services does the AIDC offer? Manilal: The AIDC should be seen as a key stakeholder in the South African automotive industry and an entity that will continue to provide high value support. This is validated by the numerous local and international awards the organization has received in recognition of leadership, high quality delivery, innovation and customer satisfaction. The AIDC is an industry support centre established by government to assist the automotive industry in its quest for global competitiveness. Establishing automotive supplier parks has become a specialist service, whilst our productivity improvement initiatives yield incredible benefits in a sustainable manner. Another focus is training. Over the past seven years in excess of 50 000 students have benefited from our skills development initiatives and this number continues to grow.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729512
__label__wiki	0.643305	0.643305	Home / Features / SUV's / Mercedes gets a lift: new E-class All-Terrain revealed Mercedes gets a lift: new E-class All-Terrain revealed Mitchell Williams 2:24:00 PM Features , SUV's Edit Mercedes joins the niche market for jacked-up off-road estate cars On sale April 2017 Price from $45,000 Chances are that if you’re looking for a car to take your family, their luggage and the kitchen sink over long distances or off road, you’ll be looking at an SUV. Sales of such vehicles in the World show no signs of slowing as buyers clamour for their go-anywhere ability and big load spaces. What if you don’t want an SUV, though? That’s where cars such as the new Mercedes E-Class All Terrain and its chief rivals, the Audi A6 Allroad and Volvo V90 Cross Country, come in. These jacked-up estates offer the load-lugging capacity and chunky styling you’d expect to find in an SUV, with the added benefit of being able to go off-road, but without the potentially higher running costs. Chunky add-ons While the All Terrain looks similar to the regular E-Class Estate, it does have a taller ride height and ground clearance to help it off road, while new bumpers and chunky wheel arches give it the look of a fully-fledged SUV. Inside, it’s virtually identical to the saloon and Estate no bad thing, since both are extremely comfortable, and the Estate has one of the biggest boots in its class. Initially, just one engine option will be available the entry-level E 220 d diesel with 191bhp but the more powerful E 350 d will join the range soon after. We already recommend the E 220 d’s engine in both the saloon and Estate, and we don’t expect that to change for the All-Terrain. As you’d expect, the All-Terrain gets four-wheel drive as standard, and drivers can choose between five different driving modes. These include an off-road mode, which raises the ride height by 20mm for better progress off the Tarmac. Five-grand premium Mercedes hasn’t revealed official pricing for the E-Class All Terrain, but it’s expected to cost around $5000 more than similarly equipped versions of the E-Class Estate. Given that the E-Class Estate in AMG Line trim costs from $40,430, we’d expect prices for the E-Class All Terrain to be priced from at least $45,000. Darren MossAm Mercedes gets a lift: new E-class All-Terrain revealed Reviewed by Mitchell Williams on 2:24:00 PM Rating: 5	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729516
__label__cc	0.719607	0.280393	Van life Montana Spring Tour One year later: what happens when you give it all up to chase a dream Welcome to Andy and the Van! Hidden Side of Montana Want to take better photos? Put the camera down. Andy’s Guide to Dining in Billings, Montana Growing up in Billings I took for granted that the dining scene in Billings was on par with the offerings of much larger cities, but in the last five years, the scene downtown has exploded and made for a very happy Andy. Now as a former division 1 offensive lineman I’m no stranger to food, and while I’m not trying to eat 10,000 calories a day anymore, I still love food. So when my friends from all over Montana (and the country) roll through Billings they hit me up for the details on the best grub in town. So, without further ado, here’s a list that is sure to be controversial. Andy’s Guide to Outdoor Recreation in Billings A mere mention of the word “Montana” to out-of-staters immediately elicits thoughts of mountain tops and vast landscapes. But mention “Billings” to folks from Montana and the outdoors are not what immediately comes to mind. Billings, being Montana’s largest “city” it has long been thought of as the shopping and foodie capital of Montana. But having grown up in Billings, and returning just after college I have found an abundance of hidden gems around the city. Billings earned the nickname, Montana’s Trailhead because it serves as the border between the mountains of western Montana and the plains and badlands of eastern Montana. Recently I returned to my hometown and wanted to put together this list with some of my favorite outdoor activities, so here we go (in no particular order)… Montana Spring Road Trip: Glacier Country I’m no stranger to Montana’s Glacier Country, which takes up the northwest corner of this great state I call home. Most free weeks and weekends I get in the spring and fall are spent biking Going-to-the-Sun Road, or climbing the stunning peaks overlooking the park. In fact, I’m writing this blog from Montana Coffee Traders in Kalispell right now. But during peak season I tend to avoid the park itself, as July becomes overrun with tourists at every turn. During the spring tour I was given the opportunity to explore Glacier Country outside of the park, and I fell in love every day. Montana Spring Tour / Travel Montana Spring Roadtrip: Missoula Back in college, Missoula was a dirty word, as it was the home of the University of Montana, the rival school to where I played football in college (Montana State University). But as I grow older I have come to fall in love with Missoula with every visit. The music, the art, the outdoors, and the overall vibe of the town just feels right. It has a lot of similarities with Bozeman, but different at the same time. Montana Spring Tour / Travel / Uncategorized Montana Spring Tour: Southwest Montana As the road trip heads west the terrain becomes even more dramatic and mountainous. But my draw to Southwest Montana goes much deeper than just the beauty, but it comes from the history that lies in the region. As I spent four days of the Montana Spring Road Trip in this region it was amazing to see history come alive from the old territorial capital of Virginia City to the current state capital or Helena. Montana Spring Road Trip: Yellowstone Country After living nomadically for almost two years I reached a point when it was time to find a home base, and the selection was based on what town made me feel most like I was already home every time I visited. Ultimately I selected Bozeman based on many factors: access to recreation, good food, good people, and an overall good vibe to the town. So as the Montana Spring Road Trip wound its way from Southeast Montana to Yellowstone Country, it felt dang good to be home. Montana Spring Road Trip: Southeast Montana Three and a half years ago I was a budding photographer but still didn’t have the skills or knowledge to chase my dreams of telling the stories of the road. And then an opportunity came up to work an office job back in my hometown of Billings, Montana. The job was to be the Social Media/PR Manager for Visit Billings and Visit Southeast Montana. I hesitated to take it as everyone told me the east was nothing but flat land and wide open spaces, but I took the job anyway. Within the first few weeks of working there I decided to take a week-long road trip around the region I now called my own, and it shattered every idea I had of what Eastern Montana looked like. From badlands to canyons, the landscape seemed to surprise me at every turn. I spent the next year and a half passionately sharing my love for Southeast Montana, and photographing lands that few professional photos existed of. When it was time to leave, it was to finally chase this dream I’m currently living, but doing so with the knowledge that I would always hold a special place in my heart for Southeast Montana. Montana Spring Road Trip: Life on the Plains Thick storm clouds rolled over Fort Peck Reservoir as my friend, Nathan Satran, and I discussed life in the wee hours of the morning, coffee in hand. As we stood where Lewis and Clark once did and surveyed the vast landscape, we realized just how remote we truly were. This sort of solitude isn’t abnormal for me, but it’s usually found deep in the backcountry campsites and mountain summits.. not 100 yards from a parking lot off the main highway (where we saw maybe two cars drive by all morning). Backpacking the Beaten Path Late last summer, while most of Montana was on fire and views were nonexistent, I had an idea to escape it all without having to leave my home state. I called up my friend, Carrie, who lives in Tucson to see if she’d be interested in hiking the Beaten Path the 26 miles up and over the Beartooth Mountains. By the next day, she booked her flight and the date was set to hike the trail in the first week of September. Knowing full well we could have easily done the hike in two or three days, we decided to take the leisure route and do it in four. I would highly recommend giving yourself at least three or four days to hike the Beaten as it is easily one of the most scenic hikes I’ve ever been on. Travel / Uncategorized Look to your left, now to your right, one of you will make it My whole life I’ve been told I wouldn’t make it, from football to photography there has been a constant doubt hovering over my head. Now, my life is filled with constant love and support from more friends than I can count, but it wasn’t always that way. This blog aims to tell a story, my story, a story of never giving up on a dream. Andy Austin is an award-winning landscape and adventure photographer based out of Montana. Currently, Andy travels the country in his fully converted Dodge Sprinter van. He graduated with honors with a degree in psychology from Montana State University, where he also played football for the three-time Big Sky Conference champions, Montana State Bobcats. He has photographed on four different continents and 25 different countries. Cannot get other user media. API shut down by Instagram. Sorry. Display only your media. © Copyright LetsBlog Theme Demo - Theme by ThemeGoods	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729519
__label__wiki	0.555716	0.555716	NEVER CRY WOLF SUBJECTS — Science-Technology, The Environment; U.S./1945-1991; Alaska; SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL LEARNING — Caring for Animals; Courage; MORAL-ETHICAL EMPHASIS — Respect. AGE; 10+; MPAA Rating — PG; Drama; 1983; 91 minutes; Color. Available from Amazon.com. One of the Best! This movie is on TWM’s list of the ten best movies to supplement classes in Science, High School Level. Benefits of the Movie Possible Problems Parenting Points Selected Awards & Cast Helpful Background Moral-Ethical Emphasis MOVIE WORKSHEETS & STUDENT HANDOUTS For English Language Arts classes, distribute TWM’s Film Study Worksheet. Teachers can modify the worksheet to fit the needs of each class. Ask students to fill out the worksheet as they watch the film or at the film’s end. Click here for TWM’s lesson plans to introduce cinematic and theatrical technique. This is a fictional account of a young scientist who spends a year observing a pack of wolves in Alaska. The film is based on the classic novel by Farley Mowat, first published in 1963. The novel was instrumental in changing attitudes toward wolves in the U.S., Canada, Russia (then the U.S.S.R.) and other countries. Previously, wolves had been considered dangerous animals, to be killed whenever possible. The novel helped people understand that wolves are valuable members of the forest ecology, endangered and deserving of protection. Selected Awards: None. Featured Actors: Charles Martin Smith; Brian Dennehy; Zachary Ittimangnaq, Samson Jorah. Director: Carroll Ballard. “Never Cry Wolf” will introduce children to the world of wolves. MINIMAL. Alcohol use and abuse are shown. Show your child the different types of wolves pictured in the Helpful Background section. Describe a little about their characteristics. Ask and help your child to answer the Quick Discussion Question. There are an estimated minimum of 150,000 wolves in more than 37 countries. Most countries give legal protection to wolves and most wolf populations are stable or increasing. Wolves survive in very different climates because they have two types of fur: a thick, downy undercoat for insulation and an overcoat of long, guard hairs to repel water and snow. The undercoat will be thicker in cold weather and lighter in warm weather. In very cold weather a wolf will keep warm by curling himself into a ball and tucking his muzzle in his tail. Wolves communicate in a number of ways. They howl, growl, whimper, whine, bark, and squeal. Whimpering or whining is often a display of friendliness. Growls threaten or enforce pack hierarchy. Barks are used to signal alarm. Howling, one of the most beautiful and haunting forms of communication in nature, brings the pack together for a hunt, solidifies pack unity, signifies a celebration, or notifies other wolves of the extent of the pack’s territory. To hear wolf howls go to The Searching Wolf. Like men before the advent of powerful bows and guns, wolves hunt in packs. Wolf packs are between two and twenty animals. Their main prey are large herbivores such as deer, moose, and caribou, but they will eat whatever is available. Wolves usually hunt at night, looking for the weakest animals in the herd. By controlling population growth, taking out the old, the sick and the genetically inferior, wolves help protect the herds that they hunt. They also prey on the young. Once the quarry is located, wolves surround the animal, biting it wherever they can, particularly the backside, sides, neck and head. If the animal makes a spirited fight or if it is fast and can outdistance the pack, the wolves will let it go and look for easier prey. Most hunts by wolf packs are not successful. But when they are successful, the wolves gorge, eating up to 20 pounds of meat and gristle per animal. They eat almost all of the carcass leaving only hair, horns and a few bones. After a successful hunt a wolf can go up to two weeks without eating. The pack is a tightly knit, highly organized group which travels, hunts, protects territory, and raises pups together. It has been said that the wolf pack is one of the strongest social organizations found in nature. Packs consist of a dominant male and female, called the alpha male and the alpha female, together with their offspring or other wolves related to them. On occasion, an unrelated wolf will be permitted to become a pack member. Strict hierarchy maintains order within the pack. The alpha male leads. He and the alpha female are the only members of the pack who can mate. An aide to the alpha, called the beta wolf, often acts as the caretaker of the pups and the enforcer of the alpha’s decisions. The omega wolf is the lowest ranking member of the pack, subordinate to all others, and often forced to wait for food until the rest of the pack is finished eating. The rankings often go in pairs. The alpha wolf displays a very confident stride with tail raised and ears forward. Even a glare from the alpha wolf can be sufficient to cause another wolf in the pack to show obeisance such as tucking in its tail, lowering its body and crawling to the alpha wolf, etc. Wolves mate for life, breeding between January and April. (The breeding period varies. In warmer climates it is earlier than in colder climates.) A litter averages 6 to 7 pups after a gestation period of about 63 days. Wolves find natural holes or a burrow, usually in a hillside, to raise their pups. After the pups are weaned, they are fed with meat regurgitated by their parents. Juvenile wolves remain with the pack until they reach sexual maturity (just short of two years). They then go out, search for a mate and establish their own territories. There are three species of wolves. By far the most successful is the gray wolf or timber wolf. This is a powerful animal with robust limbs, large feet, a deep but narrow chest and a large head. The gray wolf is the largest canid living in the wild. A northern male may be about 6.5 feet long, including the bushy, 20-inch tail, and weigh 44 to 175 pounds. Females are about 20% smaller, and southern races of wolves tend to be smaller than northern ones. The fur of the gray wolf is usually gray but may be brown, reddish, black, or whitish. The underparts and legs are usually yellow-white. Gray Wolf also called Timber Wolf North American subspecies of the gray wolf are: the Arctic Wolf, the Eastern Timber Wolf, the Great Plains Wolf, the Rocky Mountain Wolf and the Mexican Wolf. There are 12 subspecies in Eurasia. The range for a pack of gray wolves is usually one hundred or several hundred square kilometer and is actively defended against neighboring packs. Before the dominance of man, the range of the gray wolf extended from Arctic Canada south to Central Mexico, all of Europe, the Arabian Peninsula, parts of India, and China. This included every type of habitat in the Northern Hemisphere except tropical forests and arid deserts and was a larger natural distribution than any other mammal except human beings. In North America, the gray wolf is now restricted to Canada and Alaska, with small populations in Minnesota. Wolves have lost 95 percent of their historical range in the United States, 15 percent in Canada, 100 percent in Mexico and 25 percent in Europe and Asia. In 1995, wolves were reintroduced in wilderness areas of the northern Rocky Mountains. Large numbers of gray wolves still live in Russia and neighboring countries and in the Balkans, with much smaller populations isolated in parts of central and southern Europe and Scandinavia. The red wolf is a tawny, reddish, or black canid whose range area included the south-central United States. It resembles a coyote-wolf hybrid and grows to a length of about 105 to 125 cm, excluding the tail, which is 33 to 43 cm long. It weighs about 45 to 80 lbs. The red wolf has a number of differences from the gray wolf. Its fur is shorter and has flecks of red. In addition, the red wolf’s ears are larger and its snout is narrower than its gray wolf cousin. Red wolves are known to hunt individually and in packs, eating white-tailed deer, raccoons and small mammals such as rabbits and rodents. They have also been known to prey on domestic pets and livestock but in very small numbers. Like gray wolves, red wolves live in the social structure of a pack, with a defended territory, an alpha breeding pair, and older offspring to assist with pup rearing. Red wolves are an endangered species; the total population in the late 20th century appeared to be fewer than 100. It is being saved from extinction by reintroduction projects in Tennessee and North Carolina. Adapted from Wolves of the World from the International Wolf Center. Abyssinian Wolf The Abyssinian wolf is found in only six or seven mountain ranges of Ethiopia. Its coat is a reddish-brown with white markings and it has a bushy tail. Their length from head to tail can measure up to 133 cm. Males can weigh up to 18 kg and females up to 16 kg. It hunts alone and its prey consists of small rodents, eggs, and other small animals. Its pack structure is the normal hierarchical structure for canids. See Canis Simensis from the University of Michigan. Dogs were the first animals domesticated by humans. It is theorized that they worked cooperatively with humans to locate and announce the position of prey wounded by hunters’ primitive arrows. Fossils of domesticated dogs have been found at a German site dating back to 14,000 B.C.E. However, a recent study that looked at DNA animals such as wolves, coyotes, jackals, and dogs found that the divergence of dogs from wolves may have occurred as long as 135,000 years ago. Wolves and dogs have many similarities such as their intensely social nature, their instinctive behaviors of play, dominance and submission, scent marking, and the females’ care for their young. Wolves are much more like dogs than they are like either coyotes or foxes in temperament, manners and physical structure. Wolves, dogs, and coyotes will mate willingly. There are differences, however. A dog of the same weight as a wolf will have a head that is 20 percent smaller, has smaller teeth, more rounded and forward-looking eyes, and a more curved lower jaw. Wolves mature more slowly than dogs, reaching sexual maturity at the same time that they become socially mature, age two or three. Adapted from Encyclopedia Britannica, article on Dogs-Related Canids. Before the book was published most people viewed wolves as dangerous animals that should be exterminated. The book made people realize that wolves were animals with a special place in the ecosystem. 1. See Discussion Questions for Use With any Film that is a Work of Fiction. 2. Why do wolves breed earlier in warmer climates than they do in colder climates? Suggested Response: Food is more plentiful in the spring/summer which arrives earlier in warmer climates. 3. Why are wolves larger in cold climates than in warm climates? 4. Why do you think that the Indians respected wolves so much? 5. What did you think of Tyler’s experiment to see if a large mammal could support itself on mice alone? Did this experiment conform to the scientific method? Was it a reasonable way to determine if the wolves were killing caribou? 6. Are wolves beneficial to the caribou herd? Justify your answer. 7. Why did Tyler want to get close to the wolves? Was this evidence of a psychological problem or of great strength? 8. How do the different groups of friends at your school resemble or differ from the social organization of a wolf pack? 9. How does the social organization of your family resemble or differ from a wolf pack? CARING FOR ANIMALS 1. Was it worth the life of a wolf for Mike to get new teeth so that he could get married? 2. Do you believe that wolves should be exterminated or protected? 3. Was Tyler courageous or acting like a fool to spend the winter isolated in the arctic near a pack of wolves? MORAL-ETHICAL EMPHASIS (CHARACTER COUNTS) Discussion Questions Relating to Ethical Issues will facilitate the use of this film to teach ethical principles and critical viewing. Additional questions are set out below. (Treat others with respect; follow the Golden Rule; Be tolerant of differences; Use good manners, not bad language; Be considerate of the feelings of others; Don’t threaten, hit or hurt anyone; Deal peacefully with anger, insults, and disagreements) 1. What did Tyler come to respect about the wolves? ASSIGNMENTS, PROJECTS & ACTIVITIES See Assignments, Projects, and Activities for Use With Any Film that is a Work of Fiction. The websites described in the Links to the Internet Section and Encyclopedia Britannica. This Learning Guide was last updated on December 17, 2009. LEARNING GUIDE MENU: MOVIE WORKSHEETS: QUICK DISCUSSION QUESTION: The book on which this movie is based changed the view of wolves held by people all over the world. It is reported that shortly after the book was translated into Russian, the Soviet Union banned the killing of wolves. What about this story and the attitudes about wolves that then prevailed would cause this to occur? BUILDING VOCABULARY: alpha (as in alpha male, alpha female), beta (as in beta male and beta female), biodiversity, bounty, carnivore, den, depredation, dispersal, dominant, ecosystem, endangered, extinct, habitat, herbivore, litter, omega (as in the lowest ranking member of a wolf pack), predation, predator, prey, range, scat, scent-marking, subordinate. For definitions for most of these words.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729524
__label__cc	0.507517	0.492483	Mimi Stillman MIMI STILLMAN is one of the most celebrated and innovative flutists of her generation, critically acclaimed for her dazzling artistry and communicative powers. The New York Times praised her as “not only a consummate and charismatic performer, but also a scholar. Her programs tend to activate ear, heart, and brain.” She has performed as soloist with orchestras including The Philadelphia Orchestra, Bach Collegium Stuttgart, Orquesta Sinfónica de Yucatán, and Chamber Orchestra of the Triangle, and as recitalist and chamber musician at venues including Carnegie Hall, The Kennedy Center, Chicago Flute Club, National Sawdust, Verbier Festival, Bedford Chamber Concerts, Kingston Chamber Music Festival, and Kol HaMusica. At age 12, she was the youngest wind player ever admitted to the Curtis Institute of Music, where she studied with the legendary Julius Baker and Jeffrey Khaner. Her many awards and prizes include Young Concert Artists International Auditions, Astral Artists, and the Barenreiter Prize for Best Historical Performance for Winds. A wide-ranging artist, Ms. Stillman is equally at home with the classical canon, new music, and Latin genres, and is highly regarded for expanding the flute repertoire through her arrangements and commissions. She holds an MA and PhD (abd) in history from the University of Pennsylvania and is a published author on music and history, integrating scholarship with her artistic vision in projects with her hallmark, thought-provoking depth. A Yamaha Performing Artist and Clinician, she has taught masterclasses for institutions including the National Flute Association, Eastman School of Music, Cornell University, the universities of California, Texas, Maryland, Oklahoma, Delaware, and at conservatories and flute societies throughout the world. She is on faculty at Curtis Summerfest and Music for All National Festival. Mimi Stillman can be heard on several splendidly reviewed recordings including “Freedom” music for flute, piano, and the human spirit, and “Odyssey: 11 American Premieres” (both Innova), with longstanding duo pianist Charles Abramovic. She is broadcast co-host on WWFM The Classical Network and is a frequent guest speaker for arts organizations and interviewee on radio, television, and online media. As Artistic Director of Dolce Suono Ensemble which she founded in 2005, Mimi Stillman has created a dynamic force in the music world. Dolce Suono Ensemble was Chamber Music America’s featured American Ensemble and according to The Huffington Post “their stellar artistic clarity and chemistry are palpable onstage.”Dolce Suono Ensemble has contributed major new works to the chamber music repertoire through commissioning, giving 44 world premieres in 11 seasons. Some of today’s most eminent composers have written for the ensemble: Jennifer Higdon, Steven Stucky, Shulamit Ran, Richard Danielpour, Steven Mackey, and David Ludwig. www.mimistillman.com Photo credit: Vanessa Briceño	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729527
__label__wiki	0.840844	0.840844	BLET prepares to move into new headquarters http://www.ble-t.org/pr/news/newsflash.asp?id=5798 CLEVELAND, January 15 – Renovations are proceeding rapidly at the BLET’s new headquarters in Independence, Ohio, and the National Division expects to be moved in by early to mid-March. The BLET sold the historic Standard Building to Weston, a real estate development group, in mid-2014. One of the stipulations of the sale was the BLET would lease back space in the Standard Building for up to three years. Fortunately, construction at the new headquarters facility has moved forward at such a quick pace that the lease back time is closer to two years. The BLET purchased the new space in Independence, a suburb of Cleveland, in March of 2015. The new headquarters will provide ample room for National Division officers and staff in a more modern work environment. It will also feature an expanded and improved state-of-the-art Education and Training Center. The AM Higley Co. of Cleveland is performing the construction services related to renovation of the new headquarters. A 100 percent union workforce is performing all renovation work on the new building. The BLET is the oldest labor organization in the United States. Cleveland was selected in 1870 as the union’s headquarters city due to its central location for serving U.S. and Canadian members. From 1910 to 1989, the union’s national office was located in the Engineers Building, the BLET’s original headquarters building in Cleveland. That building was sold in 1988 to make way for the Marriott Key Tower. The Standard Building, which was originally constructed by the BLE and dedicated in 1924, has served as National Division headquarters since 1989. It is expected that the move will take place in early March with as little impact as possible on the day-to-day operations of the National office. The BLET will dedicate the new building with a ribbon cutting ceremony, which is tentatively scheduled for after the move has been completed. Information and other details will be posted on the BLET website (www.ble-t.org) and the National Division Facebook page (www.Facebook.com/BLETNational).	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729529
__label__cc	0.62842	0.37158	Jaclyn Sanchez: Holiday Reflections Berklee Blogs highlights the experience of Jaclyn Sanchez, a dual major in Music Business and Music Production and Engineering interning with The Record Company as it grows from a small idea to a an important asset in the Boston youth music community. Today, Jaclyn reflects on what she has learned and where she needs improvement as the New Year approaches… Can’t believe the Holidays are here already! It’s been about three months since I started my internship and I can’t believe how much I’ve been able to learn and experience. Sometimes it is difficult to see the bigger picture when you are busy doing the day to day things like cleaning the studio, having weekly staff meetings, checking check lists, and so on. I feel like I’ve been helping out a lot and come up with valuable input during staff meetings and various events, but I don’t feel like I’m giving it 100 percent. I tend to feel this way about a lot of things I do. I know I can always do more or do better. I feel this way because I am behind in a few projects I was suppose to do like email a certain student group to get involved with possible future events, or laminate the Supply Check list, but then I there has been a lot things I have done. Like maintaining the studio while the Director was out of town, helping to get Berklee Media to write a press release on the studio, and other little things. In the end it all balances out, but I want to do better and finish all my projects that are assigned to me. This is a problem I have in various areas of my life in terms of school, mixing projects, and my own music project. The work that I’m doing for the Record Company is aligned with my long-term career trajectory. Seeing how the studio has grown, and continues to grow helps me see the possibilities. Learning how the business side of it helps me organize my own thoughts on how to run my own freelance career as an engineer. The tech and maintenance aspect of the studio is very valuable because it will help me be more of an asset in any studio or session. Jaclyn Sanchez is a Miami native of Cuban and Ecuadorian descent who identifies herself not just as a vocalist, but also as a musician, engineer, and entrepreneur. Jaclyn developed her talents and skills at the Frost School of Music at the University of Miami. Jaclyn’s innate entrepreneurial spirit and desire to give back led her to create Just Relieve, a non-profit intended for raising awareness and funds for charities through the arts. Despite the amount of growth Jaclyn developed musically and the success of Just Relieve’s first event, she knew in her gut Berklee was where she belonged. She re-auditioned in the summer of 2008 and received a partial-scholarship to attend Berklee. Jaclyn resigned from her own organization to follow her dreams at Berklee. Currently, she is in her last semester as dual major in Music Business and Management and Music Production and Engineering. Jaclyn has also engineered a variety of projects and two full-length albums. She is also the lead singer in one of Boston’s top wedding bands, Boston Common Band. She intends to keep her desire to raise awareness, funds, and relief through her own music and career as a freelance engineer. Latest posts by Joe (see all) Hallo aus Berlin! - March 28, 2014 Adriel Tjokrosaputro: Corporate Culture and Co-Workers - July 10, 2013 Adriel Tjokrosaputro: Make Them Glad They Hired You - June 21, 2013 berkleeBerklee College of MusicInternshipsjaclyn sanchezmusic businessOffice of Experiential Learningthe record company Remembering John Bavicchi Celebrate the Season in Song!	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729530
__label__cc	0.61178	0.38822	Top-Tier Journal Articles Faculty Research Achievements Our department is recognized international as a significant force in research. The department has built a group of diverse and high-quality faculty, with the strong support of staff members. Covering a wide range of expertise, our department receives international recognition and is especially acclaimed for its faculty's research work in relations to China. Latest Seminars Established in 1991, the HKUST Business School is recognized as one of the youngest and most respected business schools in Asia. Why Study Management? BBA in Management Management Students Association Current Student Profiles PhD Graduates & Placement Selected PhD Publication Our strengths lie in our full range of program offerings that cater for every conceivable interest of students. Prof. J.T. Li Professor, Lee Quo Wei Professor of Business, Chair Professor, and Director, Center for Business Strategy and Innovation mnjtli@ust.hk BIO (Eng/ Chinese: 繁/简) Publications (full list) Ph.D. University of Texas, Management M.B.A. Portland State University, Management B.S. Dalian Maritime University, Mechanical Engineering ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, School of Business and Management, Senior Associate Dean, July 2013 - July 2017, Associate Dean (Faculty), April 2009 - Jun 2013. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Department of Management, Lee Quo Wei Professor of Business, since Feburary 2016, Chair Professor, since July 2009, Head, July 2006 – August 2017, Professor, since July 2006, Acting Head, January – June, 2006, Associate and Assistant Professor, 1997 – 2006. University of Hawaii, Department of Management, Associate Professor, 1994 – 1996 (on leave from 9/94 – 12/96), Assistant Professor, 1992 – 1994. McKinsey & Company, Hong Kong, Management consultant, advised leading multinational corporations and Asian companies on corporate strategy and alliances/partnerships in Greater China, 1994 – 1996. Refereed Journal Publications (Chronological, alphabetical) Huang, K.G. & Li, J.T., 2019 (In press). Adopting knowledge from reverse innovations? Transnational patents and signaling from an emerging economy. Journal of International Business Studies. Li, J.T., Chen, L., Yi, J., Mao, J. & Liao, J. 2019 (In press). Ecosystem-specific advantages in international digital commerce. Journal of International Business Studies. Zhang, X., Xie, L., Li, J.T. & Cheng, L. 2019 (In press). Outside in: Global demand heterogeneity and dynamic capabilities of multinational Enterprises. Journal of International Business Studies. Tian, L., Yang, J.Y., & Li, J.T. 2019 (In press). Does legal registration help or hurt? The effect of government corruption on resource acquisition by nascent ventures in an emerging economy. Asia Pacific Journal of Management. (Download here) Wu, J., Lao, K., Wan. F. & Li, J.T. 2019. Competing with multinational enterprises’ entry: Search strategy, environmental complexity, and survival of local firms. International Business Review, 28: 727-738. (Download here) Li, J.T., Liu, B. & Qian, G.M. 2019. The belt and road initiative, cultural friction and ethnicity: Their effects on the export performance of SMEs in China. Journal of World Business, 54: 350-359. (Download here) Li, J.T., Li, P. & Wang, B. 2019. The liability of opaqueness: State ownership and the likelihood of deal completion in international acquisitions by Chinese firms. Strategic Management Journal, 40: 303-327. (Download here) Lundan, S. & Li, J.T. 2019. Adjusting to and learning from institutional diversity: Toward a capability-building perspective. Journal of International Business Studies, 50: 36-47. Xie, Z. & Li, J.T. 2018. Exporting and innovating among emerging market firms: The moderating role of institutional development. Journal of International Business Studies, 49: 222-245. (Download here) Xie, Z. & Li, J.T. 2017. Selective imitation of compatriot firms: Entry mode decisions of emerging market multinationals in cross-border acquisitions. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 34:47-68. (Download here) Xie, Z. & Li, J.T. 2017. Export intensity, domestic competition, and product innovation in an emerging economy. International Journal of Technology Management, 74:96-121. (Download here) Li, J.T., Li, P., & Wang, B. 2016. Do cross-border acquisitions create value? Evidence from overseas acquisitions by Chinese firms. International Business Review, 25: 471-483. (Download here) Li, J.T., & Wan, G. 2016. China’s cross-border mergers and acquisitions: A contextual distance perspective. Management and Organization Review, 12: 449-456. (Download here) Li, J.T. & Xie, Z. 2016. Governance structure and the creation and protection of technological competencies: International R&D joint ventures in China. Management International Review, 56: 123-148. (Download here) Yao, K & Li, J.T. 2016. Multi-market contact and foreign entry location decisions in China. Management International Review, 56: 95-122. (Download here) Li, J.T., Qian, C. & Yao, K. 2015. Confidence in learning: Inter- and intra-organizational learning in foreign market entry decisions. Strategic Management Journal, 36: 918-929. (Download here) Li, J.T., Tian, L. & Wan, G. 2015. Contextual distance and the international strategic alliance performance: A conceptual framework and a partial meta-analytic test. Management and Organization Review, 11: 289-313. (Download here) Tang, Y., Li, J.T. & Yang, H. 2015. What I see, what I do: How executive hubris affects firm innovation. Journal of Management, 41: 1698–1723. (Download here) Xie, Z. & Li, J.T. 2015. Demand heterogeneity, learning diversity and innovation in an emerging economy. Journal of International Management, 21: 277-292. (Download here) Special Issue on "From Resources and Value Chains to Consumer Benefits and Innovation Ecosystems: Demand-Side Perspectives in International Business” Yang, J.Y., Li, J.T., & Delios, A. 2015. Will a second mouse get the cheese: Learning from early entrants’ failures in a foreign market. Organization Science. 26: 908-922. (Download here) Li, J.T. & Ng, C. 2013. The normalization of deviant organizational practices: The non-performing loans problem in China. Journal of Business Ethics, 114: 643-653. (Download here) Li, J.T. & Qian, C. 2013. Principal-principal conflicts under weak institutions: A study of corporate takeovers in China. Strategic Management Journal, 34: 498-509. (Download here) Republished in a summary form in the Chinese Management Insights, 2014. Li, J.T. & Tang, Y. 2013. The social influence of executive hubris: Cross-cultural comparison and indigenous factors. Management International Review, 53: 83-107. (Download here) Xie, Z. & Li, J.T. 2013. Internationalization and indigenous technological efforts of emerging economy firms: The effect of multiple knowledge sources. Journal of International Management, 19: 247-259. (Download here) Kozhikode, R. & Li, J.T. 2012. Political pluralism, public policies, and organizational choices: Banking branch expansion in India, 1948–2003. Academy of Management Journal, 55: 339-359. (Download here) Finalist, the 2012 Best Paper Award for articles published in Academy of Management Journal Li, J.T. 2011. Rethinking international and global strategy. Global Strategy Journal, 1: 275-278. (Download here) Li, J.T. & Xie, Z. 2011. Global R&D strategies in an emerging economy: The development and protection of technological competencies. European Management Review, 8: 153-164. (Download here) Yang, J.Y., Tipton, B. & Li, J.T. 2011. A review of foreign business management in China. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 28: 627-659. (Download here) Li, J.T. 2010. Global R&D alliances in China: Collaborations with universities and research institutes. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 57: 78-87. (Download here) Li, J.T. & Tang, Y. 2010. CEO hubris and firm risk taking in China: The moderating role of managerial discretion. Academy of Management Journal, 53: 45-68. (Download here) Republished in a summary form in Chinese Management Insights, 2012, 1 (2): 756-78. Li, J.T. & Yao, K. 2010. The role of reference groups in international investment decisions by firms from emerging economies. Journal of International Management, 16: 143-153. (Download here) Kuilman, J. & Li, J.T. 2009. Grades of membership and legitimacy spillovers: Foreign banks in Shanghai, 1847-1935. Academy of Management Journal, 52: 229-245. (Download here) Kuilman, J., Vermeulen, I. & Li, J.T. 2009. The consequents of organizer ecologies: A logical formalization. Academy of Management Review, 34:253-272. (Download here) Li, J.T. & Kozhikode, R. 2009. Developing new innovation models: Shifts in the innovation landscapes in emerging economies and implications for global R&D management. Journal of International Management, special issue on Emerging CEO Agenda, 15: 328-339. (Download here) Lee, S., Shenkar, O. & Li, J.T. 2008. Cultural distance, investment flow and control in cross-border cooperation. Strategic Management Journal, 29: 1117–1125. (Download here) Li, J.T. 2008. Asymmetric interactions between foreign and domestic banks: Effects on market entry. Strategic Management Journal, 29: 873-893. (Download here) Li, J.T. & Harrison, R. 2008. National culture and the composition and leadership structure of boards of directors. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 16: 375-385. (Download here) Finalist, the 2008 Best Paper Award for the best articles published in the Corporate Governance: An International Review. Li, J.T. & Kozhikode, R. 2008. Knowledge management and innovation strategy: The challenge for latecomers in emerging economies. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 25: 429-450. (Download here) Li, J.T. & Yue, D.R. 2008. Market size, legal institutions, and international diversification strategies: Implications for the performance of multinational firms. Management International Review, 48(6): 667-688.(Download here) Takeuchi, R., Shay, J.P. & Li, J.T. 2008. When does decision autonomy increase expatriates’ adjustment? An empirical test. Academy of Management Journal, 51: 45-60. (Download here) Wang, H., Choi, J. & Li, J.T. 2008. Too little or too much? Untangling the relationship between corporate philanthropy and firm financial performance. Organization Science, 19: 143-159. (Download here) Winner of Best Paper Award, Social Issues in Management Division, Academy of Management, Honolulu. Wang, H. & Li, J.T. 2008. Untangling the effects of over-exploration and over-exploitation on organizational performance: The moderating role of environmental dynamism. Journal of Management, 34: 925-951. (Download here) Yang, J.Y. & Li, J.T. 2008. The development of entrepreneurship in China. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 25:335–359. (Download here). Li, J.T., Yang, J.Y. & Yue, D.R. 2007. Identity, community, and audience: How wholly owned foreign subsidiaries gain legitimacy in China. Academy of Management Journal, 50: 175-190. (Download here) Kuilman, J. & Li, J.T. 2006. The organizers’ ecology: An empirical study of foreign banks in Shanghai.Organization Science, 17: 385-401. (Download here) Li, J.T. & Hambrick, D.C. 2005. Factional groups: A new vantage on demographic faultlines, conflict, and disintegration in work teams. Academy of Management Journal, 48: 794-813. (Download here) Li, J.T. & Yue, D.R. 2005. Managing global research and development in China: Patterns of R&D configuration and evolution. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 17 (3): 317-337. (Download here) Recent articles in media Articles published in Hong Kong Economic Journal (in Chinese): Automation to Reshape the Job Market (30.01.2018) China to Launch Pilot Zone for Innovation (05.12.2017) China Should Proceed Further with Innovation (31.10.2017) People-oriented System to Address Employee Dissatisfaction (05.09.2017) Risk of Fewer Types of Job for Women (22.08.2017) AI Disruption to Future Jobs (25.07.2017) AI is Set to Replace Manpower (16.05.2017) Mainland Enterprises Overseas Acquisition and Merger (11.04.2017) "Profit Discovery" - Key to Corporate Success (14.03.2017) A Critical Step on State-Enterprise Reform (26.01.2017) Challenges and Opportunities Amid Trade War (20.12.2016) Debt-to-Equity to Resolve Mainland Debt Crisis (22.11.2016) Reforms of Mainland State and Central Enterprises Enter Critical Stage (11.10.2016) Acquisition and Merger by Mainland Corporations – Haste Makes Waste (13.09.2016) Challenges of Declining Investment from Mainland Citizens (16.08.2016) Time to Eliminate “Zombie Enterprises” (06.07.2016) State Enterprise Reform is Key to Future Success (22.09.2015) State Enterprise Exec Salary Reform Bears Immense Significance (09.12.2014) China Implements “Shattering” Reform on Enterprise Monitoring (14.10.2014) CSR of Food Manufacturers (16.09.2014) Opening Up Industries Monopolized by State Enterprises Puts Reform in Full Swing (06.05.2014) State Enterprise Reform Key to Total Economic Reform (03.12.2013) “383 Plan” Outlines China's Reform across the Board (05.11.2013) Shanghai Free-Trade Zone: "Revolutionary" Change of System (08.10.2013) Small and Micro Enterprises' Emergence from Difficulty to Drive China’s Economic Shift (20.08.2013) State Council’s Guidance Advice on Economic Structure Adjustments Needs Backing of Investment System Reform (16.07.2013) Industry Competitiveness Sheds Light on Direction of Government Power Decentralisation and Reform (28.05.2013) Key to Successful Efficiency Optimization through Super Ministry Reform (19.03.2013) China to Re-select Institutional Arrangement through Urbanisation (26.02.2013) Preliminary Discussion of the Urbanization Strategy under “Xi-Li’s Reform” (08.01.2013) REVIEW ACTIVITIES Journal of International Business Studies (2016-) Member of Editorial Board: Academy of Management Journal (2013-) Journal of Business Research (2007-) Journal of International Management (2002-) Journal of Management (2011-) Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal (2019-) Ad Hoc Reviewer (partial listing): Academy of Management Review Organization Science Multinational Corporate Strategy International Expansion and Performance Corporate Governance in Asia Alliances/Joint Venture Success in China Global R&D and Innovation in China Chinese Management and Organizations GRF Competitive Earmarked Research Grant. 2014-16, PI. "Contextual Distance and the Learning Processes in International Strategic Alliances" HKUST Special Research Fund Initiative (SRFI) Research Grant. 2011-14, PI. "Enhancing Entrepreneurship in Hong Kong: Innovation, Enterprises, and Hong Kong's Sustainable Competitive Advantage. GRF Competitive Earmarked Research Grant, 2010-13, CI. "When does Managerial Social Capital Contribute to Firm Performance? Evidence from Chinese Information Technology Industry, 2000-2008." HKUST RPC grant, 2010-12, PI. "Entrepreneurship as an Engine for Sustaining Growth." GRF Competitive Earmarked Research Grant. 2009-12, PI. "CEO Hubris, Managerial Discretion, and Firm Risk Taking in China." 2016. Fellow of the Academy of International Business (AIB) 2013. Finalist of the AMJ Best Article of 2012 Award, Academy of Management. Kozhikode, R. & Li, J.T. 2012. Political pluralism, public policies, and organizational choices: Banking branch expansion in India, 1948–2003. Academy of Management Journal, 55: 339-359. 2012. Winner of the best paper award for the strategic management track at 8th Asia Academy of Management Conference. Qian, C, Li, J. T., & Wang, H. "Seize the state, seize the day? The relationship between corporate political activities and corporate financial performance in a transition economy." 2012. Winner of the IM Division Fundação Dom Cabral Best Paper in Strategy / IB Theory, the Academy of Management. Yang, J.Y., J.T. Li & A. Delios. “Confidence in learning from others' failures: Foreign investment strategy in a transition economy.” 2011. Nominated for the SMS Best Practice Implications Award, the Strategic Management Society, Miami. Tang, Y., Li, J.T. & Yang, H. “How executive overconfidence affects firm innovation.” 2009. Nominated for a 2008 Best Paper Award for the best articles published in the CGIR (Corporate Governance: An International Review). Li, J.T. & Harrison, R. 2008. National culture and the composition and leadership structure of boards of directors. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 16: 375-385. 2008. Nominated for both the SMS Best Conference Paper Prize, and the SMS Best Conference Paper for Practice Implications Award, the Strategic Management Society, Cologne. Li, J.T. & Qian, C. “Mimetic diffusion, knowledge spillovers, and expatriate assignment practice.” 2008. Nominated for the Temple/AIB Best Paper Award, Academy of International Business, Milan. Li, J.T., & Yang, J.Y. “Competition, learning, and foreign entry strategy: The evolution of foreign subsidiaries in China.” 2006. Winner of Best Paper Award, Australia and New Zealand International Business Academy, Wellington. Yang, J.Y., Li, J.T. & Delios, A.. “Failure-induced learning, causal ambiguity, and foreign market entry.” 2005. Winner of Best Paper Award, Social Issues in Management Division, Academy of Management, Honolulu. Wang, H., Choi, J. & Li, J.T. “Too little or too much? Reexamining the relationship between corporate charitable giving and corporate financial performance.”	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729532
__label__wiki	0.960168	0.960168	Plane crashes during landing in South Sudan A plane carrying 44 passengers has crashed in South Sudan. The South Supreme Airliner burst into flames after crash landing at the Wau Airport at about 3 p.m. local time. The crash is believed to have occurred when the plane came down to land after flying from Juba to Wau. Initial reports from local news sources suggested that everybody on board died in the crash. However, new details have emerged that everybody survived. "No one died but there are a number of injured people right now," one of the local aid workers near the scene of the crash told Reuters. "About 17 to 18 people injured in the incident were taken to hospital," said James Dimo Deng, a journalist in Wau. Firefighters arrived the scene and were able to put the fire under control. Photos show the burned out wreckage of the plane while spectators surrounded it, with some taking photos. Authorities are yet to give details of the number of casualties, but South Sudan’s Eye radio reports that nine people were pulled alive from the wreckage and have been taken to the hospital. The State Information Minister Bona Gaudensio also revealed that 14 patients are in stable condition at the hospital. "Right now we have the ambulance which has just come out from the airport and we have received 14 patients being rushed to hospital in stable condition," Gaudensio said.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729534
__label__cc	0.645185	0.354815	Earned Value Management: Measuring Government Contracts by Dr. Ramon Barquin Originally published March 7, 2012 A contract is an agreement between two or more parties to accomplish certain things in exchange for some form of payment or compensation. Contracts always include specific terms and conditions, and their validity is bracketed by some dates delimiting the relevant timeframe. The principal reason for a contract is to memorialize, for all the parties involved, what it is that they have actually accorded to do, in exchange for what, under what conditions and in what period of time. In effect, Webster’s dictionary defines a contract as “a binding agreement between two or more persons or parties; especially: one legally enforceable.” The government uses contracts as a preferred vehicle for acquiring the goods and services it needs to do its job. While acquiring commodities can appear to be fairly straightforward – 100 gallons of gasoline at $3.20 per gallon – there are many situations when acquiring goods or services can be extremely complex. Consider, for example, how we contract the acquisition of a new weapons system, the space shuttle, or even a steady supply of fuel over a long period of time. In many cases, the acquisition includes design, development and implementation all in one contract. This means that we are acquiring both goods and services in the same agreement, and that makes it even more complicated. In any case, we want to focus on measuring the performance of contracts to address an important point and identify an opportunity for business intelligence (BI) experts to make a contribution. If you have a contract to deliver goods or services, the preferred way to evaluate what you get out of it is through earned value management (EVM), an approach that integrates schedule and cost into an assessment of performance. It attempts to answer the fundamental question, “What we did get for our money?” Technically, EVM is a project management system, and hence it is focused on projects and not contracts. But most service contracts embody one or many projects and we often refer interchangeably between a project and the contract that authorizes and enables it. EVM emerged from the Department of Defense’s requirement to handle complex defense programs in the 1960s. In the 1990s, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) set out to search for best practices to use throughout the federal government, found EVM and adopted and transformed it. Today EVM is used fairly broadly by federal agencies. Furthermore, the Department of Defense has continued to refine the methodology, now distilled into 32 specific criteria, and packaged it into the Earned Value Management System (EVMS) that provides substantial additional support to the application of EVM including a reporting module. In EVM we have a fairly objective technique to measure progress and performance accomplished in any task, and hence it’s a good tool that is often mandated in government contracts. Think of EVM in three steps. First, a project earns value as the service is done or the work is completed. Second, you can compare that earned value to both planned and actual costs. Third, the relationship of planned vs. actual allows us to measure current performance and predict future trends. Additionally, the fact that we can measure the earned value as well as both actual and planned costs in dollars makes it easy to compare and understand. It’s outside the scope of this column to do a tutorial on EVM, but we do need to give the reader enough of an understanding to make some points. Hence, here is a lightning round of “EVM for Dummies with Attention Deficit Disorder.” There are the following three basic building blocks of EVM that are recorded regularly on some periodic reporting date. It also entails that a detailed work breakdown structure (WBS) has been developed from where the baselines and planned dates and values are taken. Planned value (PV): PV is the total cost of the work planned, based on the WBS, as of a specific reporting date. It is calculated as: Total Hours Planned * Hourly Rate. Since a project may have many line items involved, PV is the sum of all the PVs of the line items involved. Actual cost (AC): AC is the total cost it has taken to complete the work as of a reporting date. It is calculated as: Total Hours Spent * Hourly Rate. And as above, AC is the sum of all the ACs of the line items involved. Earned value (EV): EV is the total cost of the work completed as of a reporting date. It is calculated as: Baselined Cost * % Complete Actual The fact that you can now determine the percent actually completed versus what you had planned to complete becomes powerful in determining where you are and then calculating both cost and schedule variances. These provide a project manager with indicators of how far a project may be off from the original budget and schedule. In large and complex projects/contracts there are ever-increasing opportunities for business intelligence (BI) practitioners to develop new and better ways of providing insights for management. For example, there already are several widely used indices within EVMS. The ratio of EV to PV gives us the Schedule Performance Index (SPI) which can quickly tell whether a project is ahead of schedule (SPI > 1). And the Cost Performance Index (CPI), EV/AC, can directly tell us whether we are under budget (CPI > 1) or over (CPI < 1). But there are many more useful metrics and ratios that can be creatively developed within the EVM framework, and this is an area where business intelligence is poised to make a contribution. Furthermore, the present environment brings a series of new challenges that Earned Value Management must address, for example: how to handle agile development, how to deal with virtualization and how to handle the cloud. These are important opportunities for BI practitioners to engage in, for both fun and profit. Dr. Ramon Barquin Dr. Barquin is the President of Barquin International, a consulting firm, since 1994. He specializes in developing information systems strategies, particularly data warehousing, customer relationship management, business intelligence and knowledge management, for public and private sector enterprises. He has consulted for the U.S. Military, many government agencies and international governments and corporations. He had a long career in IBM with over 20 years covering both technical assignments and corporate management, including overseas postings and responsibilities. Afterwards he served as president of the Washington Consulting Group, where he had direct oversight for major U.S. Federal Government contracts. Dr. Barquin was elected a National Academy of Public Administration (NAPA) Fellow in 2012. He serves on the Cybersecurity Subcommittee of the Department of Homeland Security’s Data Privacy and Integrity Advisory Committee; is a Board Member of the Center for Internet Security and a member of the Steering Committee for the American Council for Technology-Industry Advisory Council’s (ACT-IAC) Quadrennial Government Technology Review Committee. He was also the co-founder and first president of The Data Warehousing Institute, and president of the Computer Ethics Institute. His PhD is from MIT. Dr. Barquin can be reached at rbarquin@barquin.com. Editor's note: More articles from Dr. Barquin are available in the BeyeNETWORK's Government Channel. Recent articles by Dr. Ramon Barquin Civic Education, Elections and Business Intelligence Bitcoin: Money and Government in the Virtual World Extracting Business Intelligence from Social Media Social Network Analysis, Metadata and Business Intelligence: Paul Revere’s Ride Revisited Data Catalogs: Connecting Data Across the Enterprise Summary Claudia Imhoff talks with Ron Powell about how data catalogs assist organizations that realize they are wasting a lot of valuable time and money trying to find the data and answers they need. Understanding Your Data: A Fundamental Requirement Summary Patrick Dever, Chief Data Strategist at Avista, and Ron Powell discuss how they use data to improve the business offerings and services they provide to their customers in the Pacific Northwest.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729536
__label__wiki	0.821757	0.821757	Geraldine Tong The Malaysian Bar Council is 'absolutely appalled' over lawyer Matthias Chang's arrest under the Security Offences (Special Measures) Act (Sosma). "I can tell you that the Malaysian Bar is absolutely appalled that a member of the bar is being treated this way, acting for a client," Bar Council president Steven Thiru told reporters in Kuala Lumpur. He said this after delivering his closing speech at the Malaysian Legal and Corporate Conference 2015 today. "We have already expressed our reservations over the use of Sosma against (former Umno leader) Khairuddin Abu Hassan, and those same reservations will apply here," he added. The police cannot force Chang to divulge any information given to him by his client, Thiru said, explaining that such information would be protected by the solicitor-client privilege. Chang, who is Khairuddin's lawyer, was arrested earlier today on the same grounds as his client. "Just got arrested under Sosma for (Section) 124K and 124L (of the Penal Code). Same as Khairuddin," he said in a text message to Malaysiakini. Section 124K and 124L of the Penal Code deal with sabotaging and attempting to sabotage the state. Yesterday, Thiru had denounced the intimidation and harassment of members of the Malaysian Bar acting on behalf of their clients. He had specifically used the example of Chang, who was previously called in for questioning by the police on Sept 28 and again on Oct 2 as a witness in Khairuddin's case. 'Sosma not ISA replacement' Chang had acted as Khairuddin's counsel when he lodged multiple police reports on 1MDB overseas. They were reportedly scheduled to meet the US' FBI over 1MDB but were barred from leaving the country on Sept 18. Later that day, Khairuddin was arrested under Section 124C for 'activities detrimental to parliamentary democracy'. He was then re-arrested six days later under Sosma, a law that is supposed to deal with terrorist activities. Sosma also allows for a person to be detained up to 28 days without trial. Thiru reiterated that in light of these incidents, the police should not misuse Sosma. "(Sosma) was not meant to be used this way. Sosma should not become a replacement for the ISA. "And the way the police are using it now, we are concerned that Sosma is a new ISA albeit for up to 28 days," he said. Read more: https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/315079#ixzz3o36Mc23z	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729538
__label__wiki	0.759655	0.759655	BCI builds success with the U.S. Forest Service By Robert Locke When Unimin Corporation learned in 1995 that about 100 bats were hibernating just inside the crumbling entrance to an old silica mine that was soon to be sealed, the mining firm contacted U.S. Forest Service geologist Tudi Smith for advice. Smith called Bat Conservation International. So did Susan Armentrout, Unimin Senior Environmental Specialist. The result of those calls was an exceptionally productive partnership that is still paying off for the endangered Indiana myotis (Myotis sodalis). Dan Taylor, BCI’s Bats & Mines Coordinator at the time, discussed the abandoned Magazine Mine with both women, then all three visited the Illinois mine to assess its importance. Conditions seemed near ideal for Indiana myotis, Taylor recalls, and some of the endangered bats were identified. The partnership, which also included the Illinois Department of Natural Resources and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, stabilized the main entrance and installed a bat-friendly gate. When a second collapsing entrance threatened to disrupt desirable airflow, the partners stabilized and fenced it. Thanks to those and other efforts, the number of hibernating Indiana myotis – a species in alarming decline for decades – increased at the mine from a few hundred to 43,500 by 2007. Magazine Mine is considered a model of effective conservation collaboration, and Unimin’s commitment to this important hibernation site has earned the company several major conservation awards. The tables turned a few years later, when BCI needed help with another Indiana myotis site, this one in Virginia. In 1999, BCI Founder Merlin Tuttle was frustrated after years of trying to permanently protect Rocky Hollow Cave. Once – before frequent human disturbances – the cave had sheltered a hibernating Indiana myotis population estimated at a million or more bats. The logjam was finally broken by Forest Service biologist Lisa Nutt, an enthusiastic graduate of a BCI Bat Conservation and Management Workshop. Nutt led the way through a complex maze of ownership and jurisdictional issues to win long-term protection for this potentially vital cave. A partnership engineered by Nutt and BCI brought tons of material to the mountaintop site by helicopter and built a 25-foot (7.6-meter) gate in three days with mostly volunteer labor. The site was given special protection as a “Significant Cave” by the Virginia Cave Board. BCI and the Forest Service have been working together, formally and informally, to protect and study bats and their habitats for years. We have collaborated on bat-friendly gates at mines and caves, experimented with artificial roosts, conducted a remarkable variety of bat research, produced publications, co-sponsored symposia and partnered on such programs as Water for Wildlife and Bats and Wind Energy. A Memorandum of Understanding, inaugurated in 1994, commits BCI and the agency to work cooperatively in bat conservation and research. “The Forest Service has demonstrated a deep and abiding commitment to bat conservation,” Tuttle said. “We at BCI are proud of our long alliance with this dynamic agency and extremely pleased that our relationship is expanding in new directions. I’m delighted to see that, together, we are accomplishing more for bats each year.” Forest Service initiatives are expanding worldwide through its International Programs section, which is funding up to 10 special BCI Student Research Scholarships a year. These Bats in International Forestry Scholarships, designated for conservation-relevant research in developing countries, enables us to increase the overall number of BCI scholarships – from a total of 13 in 2005 to 21 in 2007 – and to double the maximum award to $5,000. In the past two years, Bats in International Forestry Scholarships supported 21 students working in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Kenya, Madagascar, Malaysia, Mexico, Panama, Peru, the Philippines and Thailand. (For an example, see “Protecting Mexico’s Corn,” page 12.) This research contributes greatly to scientific knowledge, but the greater impact likely will be the young biologists whose skills and careers benefit from the support and recognition. The scholarships, as well as collaboration for a 2009 BCI bat-conservation workshop in Nicaragua, are part of the International Programs’ Wings Across the Americas effort, which covers migratory birds, butterflies and bats. It is overseen by biologist Carol Lively, who describes herself as a joint-venture guru. “Our philosophy is that conservation is a long-term process, and it takes a big network of people to really make it happen on the ground. Capacity building [as by encouraging research and nurturing young scientists] is one of the most valuable activities I can be involved in.” About 30,000 Forest Service employees manage 193 million acres (78 million hectares) of land divided into 155 national forests and 20 grasslands that contain an incredible variety of habitats and wildlife. Its scientists and forest managers, on their own and in collaboration with other agencies, industries and organizations, conduct wide-ranging research and conservation projects. Bats are very much a part of those efforts, and BCI, especially through its hands-on workshops, has helped prepare many Forest Service staffers to work with bats – and to convince more than a few to focus their attention on bats. Smith said her work at Magazine and many other mines over the years “pretty much all grew out of that [bats and mines] workshop” that she attended in Idaho. For Nutt, attending a workshop “literally opened the door to a now 13-year-long love of all things bats and was the beginning of meeting all the great folks I’ve worked with at BCI.” “I love bats, I really can’t get enough of them,” says BCI Member David Saugey, Wildlife Biologist at the Ouachita National Forest in Arkansas. “BCI had a real impact on me. I read the magazine and enjoy seeing how big bats are becoming (as an important conservation issue) all over the world.” Saugey, who was among researchers who discovered red bats hibernating unexpectedly in leaf litter on the forest floor, also takes to heart the Forest Service’s commitment to public education and outreach. “I’ve presented more than 800 school programs since 1990. The kids are little sponges. They’re so interested in this kind of stuff. There seems to be a disconnect between children and nature these days, so we have to take it to them.” Terri Marceron attended one of the first BCI workshops, hosted by biologist Brock Fenton in Ontario, Canada, in 1989, when she was an assistant district ranger in Montana. After the workshop, bats became the prime focus of her community and school education efforts. She designed a traveling bat-education program that the Forest Service used throughout the region, was part of a Forest Service speakers’ circuit and gave many bat-oriented talks to Forest Service staff. Marceron is now the Forest Supervisor for the Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit in California and Nevada and says she rarely has time these days for bat presentations, but “I continue to keep my pulse on bats.” More than 200 Forest Service staffers have participated in various BCI workshops, including several co-sponsored by the Forest Service. “BCI workshops are the best thing out there for getting the word out, not only for appreciating bats but for working with them,” says Jerry Trout, the Arizona-based National Coordinator for Cave Resources. Trout, who attended a 1995 workshop to hone his species-identification skills, provides printing of course materials used at BCI workshops. He highly recommends the workshops, partly for the passion that usually results: “They take that enthusiasm home with them and it can be infectious.” After 35 years with the Forest Service, Trout also notes some “tremendous changes” regarding bats. After re-establishing a system of 10 regional cave and mine coordinators, he said, “Four of those ten coordinators are wildlife biologists. Their expertise is not in caves, but in bats. Four out of ten! That’s amazing.” Forest Service Region 6 Bat Specialist Pat Ormsbee of Oregon has been working since 2002 on the powerful concept of a “Bat Grid” – a standardized bat inventory and monitoring program with centralized data collection throughout the Pacific Northwest. Her collaborators include Joe Szewczak of Humboldt State University and Jan Zinck of Portland State University, with Aimee Hart of the Willamette National Forest as the Field Team Lead. BCI contributed through a North American Bat Conservation Fund grant. The system to improve regional information gathering should serve as a model for use in other areas. Ormsbee credits much of the Grid’s success to the 35 to 40 people who collect data each year, after standardized training. “We love it when people show up at our training sessions after they’ve been through a BCI workshop. They’re really pumped up and ready to go.” Wildlife Biologist Sybill Amelon, a prolific scientist at the Forest Service’s Northern Research Station in Missouri, attended a 1995 workshop and is now an instructor at many of them. She says the intense sessions “cover all the basics to get you going [in bat management and research] and there’s no other place where you can get that much in such a condensed, focused package.” She encountered BCI very early in her career, “when I went to a [Forest Service] Watchable Wildlife program and Merlin Tuttle was the keynote speaker. That was a real turning point for me. It made a big difference in the decisions that I made.” Amelon later earned a Ph.D. with a speciality in bat ecology and now works fulltime as a Forest Service bat researcher. Ecologist Ted Weller of the Forest Service’s Redwood Sciences Laboratory in California is a frequent instructor at BCI’s Acoustic Monitoring Workshops. “It’s a great service,” he says. “It’s a chance for folks, especially agency biologists, to live bats for a week, to just think about them all the time. Some of these people, they leave the workshops and then you come across them in the scientific literature a few years later. That training really pays off.” A particularly innovative BCI-Forest Service collaboration emerged from a 1995 workshop. Biologists Melissa Siders and Dan Garcia de la Cadena of the North Kaibab Forest Ranger District in Arizona learned during the session that, while some bats roost under the peeling bark of dying trees or snags, such snags were fast disappearing from managed forests. Garcia came up with the idea of making artificial bark and mounting it on healthy trees to increase roosting options. Tuttle, who was leading the workshop, “was very excited and supportive of the idea,” Siders recalls. She and Garcia spent several years developing the idea, sampling roost temperatures, arranging production of unobtrusive artificial bark and testing the system. It worked in Arizona and has been modified for use elsewhere. Siders, who moved from the Forest Service to the Bureau of Land Management a few years ago, said the workshop refocused her career onto bats since “I didn’t know hardly anything about bats before that.” During her 12 years at the Forest Service, she used BCI materials and photos to build “bat-education boxes” that were distributed throughout the region. “We also did a lot of (bat) research projects at North Kaibab (especially in identifying unexpected roosting and foraging areas), and we got funding from BCI for some of them.” Weller figures that despite great research progress, countless questions remain. “There really is a lot of opportunity, especially for new grad students, to make a real contribution right away,” he says. “That’s why I got into this.” Weller discovered in 2001 that fringed myotis (Myotis thysanodes) actually roost in large snags (dead trees), rather than exclusively in caves, mines and buildings. “You never really know what’s going to come up next. Problems with wind energy caught us completely unprepared.” Weller is now active with the BCI-led Bats and Wind Energy Cooperative in seeking solutions to the alarming rate of bat fatalities at wind-energy facilities. So is Dennis Krusac, Endangered Species Specialist for the Forest Service Southern Region. Krusac signed on after seeing BCI’s documented research on bat kills at a West Virginia wind farm. “Wind energy is coming to federal lands, so I figured the Forest Service should be involved early on because we have the potential to be a huge player. I am optimistic that we can learn how to develop wind energy and minimize the effects on bats.” Krusac, another BCI workshop graduate, says his career tilted toward bats in the mid-1990s, when the Forest Service faced litigation over timber sales in habitat used by the endangered Indiana myotis. “Working with field biologists and partners, we developed proactive conservation measures for bats. Now when we get sued, we usually prevail because we are using the best available science to design our conservation measures.” Krusac also stresses the outreach and education aspect of Forest Service work: “We view it as part of how we can get the conservation message ingrained into society. People are bombarded with all these old myths about bats, but if you take the time to teach them, they realize, ‘Hey, bats are really pretty darn cool.’” Amelon cites a striking jump in scientific interest about bats, at the Forest Service and almost everywhere else, since the early to mid 1990s. “Fifteen years ago, there literally were just a handful of bat researchers. Now, when you go to a NASBR [North American Symposium on Bat Research] meeting, the place is just full to overflowing. “I know there were other things that were going on, but I think BCI is strongly behind that” increased attention to bats. ROBERT LOCKE is Director of Publications at BCI.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729539
__label__wiki	0.869452	0.869452	Home GIST Wizkid gains first Grammy nomination Wizkid gains first Grammy nomination Posted by Unknown 1:18 pm 0 Ayodeji ‘Wizkid’ Ibrahim Balogun has earned his first-ever Grammy Award nomination. The Nigerian singer was a contributor on ‘Views’, an album by Drake Aubrey Graham, which was nominated in the album of the year category. The Grammy Award for album of the year is presented to the main artist, the featured artist(s), the producer, the engineer and/or mixer and the mastering engineer. The nominations which were announced on Tuesday had a number of shocking omissions including One Dance, a song by Drake featuring Wizkid and British singer, Kyla. The omission will definitely raise many eyebrows as One Dance was the number one song on the Billboard charts for up to ten weeks. Wizkid, who has had a stellar year, has toured alongside the likes of Chris Brown. In spite of the snub, One Dance has already won several awards in 2016, one of which was the Teen Choice Award for Choice R&B/Hip-Hop Song. Beyonce, Drake, Adele, Chance The Rapper, Kanye West, Justin Bieber, Rihanna were the most nominated artistes by Recording Academy. ‘Blonde’, the latest album by Frank Ocean, an R&B singer and songwriter, was not nominated because he failed to submit his material for consideration. “I’d rather this be my Colin Kaepernick moment for the Grammys than sit there in the audience,” Ocean told the New York Times last month.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729543
__label__wiki	0.979148	0.979148	BrooklynBrothersMovie.com Brooklyn Brothers Beat the Best 2012 This was the official website for the 2012 film, Brooklyn Brothers Beat the Best. The content is from the site's archived pages as well as from other source, including reviews from Rotten Tomatoes. Recently dumped by his girlfriend, underachiever Alex (O’Nan) embarks on an impromptu road trip with his new bandmate, the eccentric Jim (Michael Weston). By channeling their inner children and giving a new meaning to the term “lo-fi,” Alex and Jim find their unique style by bringing the sound of children’s instruments to their unsuspecting fans. Playing a series of bizarre shows and experiencing multiple near-disasters, Alex and Jim’s persistence takes them on a true coming-of-age journey – one that may be their last shot at achieving their childhood dreams. Director: Ryan O'Nan Writer: Ryan O'Nan Stars: Ryan O'Nan, Michael Weston, Arielle Kebbel, Andrew McCarthy Running: Time Genres: Comedy, Music A stunning debut. Touching and honest. - Orlando Weekly A Bro-mantic ONCE if it had been directed by Cameron Crowe in his prime. - Seattle Weekly Independent film has seen its small share of ‘band on the road movies, but few evince the effortless charm and sweet sincerity of Ryan ONans Brooklyn Brothers Beat the Best. - Scott Macaulay, Filmmaker Magazine ***** Go and see it the first chance you get. Its just so refreshingly original. A nearly perfect movie. - Stars Popcorn A bright ray of light in the indie film scene. - Arts+Culture RYAN ONAN Writer / Director / Alex RYAN ONAN is an award-winning actor, screenwriter and playwright with a diverse array of credits. As an actor, ONan recently finished filming a lead role in the 2012 release FREELANCERS, opposite Robert De Niro, Forest Whitaker, Dana Delaney and 50 Cent, and 513, opposite Taryn Manning, Tom Sizemore and Michael Madsen. Other notable film credits include the lead role in THE DRY LAND (Official Sundance Film Festival 2010 Selection) starring America Ferrera, Melissa Leo, Jason Ritter and Wilmer Valdarrama, YOUVE GOT MALE, which won him the award for Best Actor at the Asian American Film Festival, as well as EAT PRAY LOVE, starring Julia Roberts and WATCHING TV WITH THE RED CHINESE, based on the critically acclaimed novel, starring Gillian Jacobs and Leo Nam. His television work includes ABCs THE UNUSUALS opposite Jeremy Renner, Adam Goldberg and Amber Tamblyn. ONan spent the last year as a writer on the MTV hit series SKINS, based off the award-winning UK series. His feature screenplay CHU AND BLOSSOM took the Grand Prize for Best Feature at The Expo Screenwriting Conference. His comedic play ANIMALS, which premiered at the 2007 International New York Fringe Festival, has been produced on both coasts, and his latest play UNDER A FULL PINK MOON: CHRONICLES OF A GAY WEREWOLF, has received a public reading at The Atlantic Theater Company in New York. Other produced works written by ONan include: I LOVE YOU MORE THAN BRAINS: A ZOMBIE MUSICAL (book/lyrics/music) at the George Street Playhouse, and 1984 AND THE LITTLE PRINCE at the 2011 Humana Festival. In addition to writing and directing theater, ONan has appeared on stage in New York, where he starred as Konstantin in Chekhovs THE SEAGULL, alongside Dianne Wiest, Alan Cumming, Annette OToole and Kelli Garner. During his theater studies, he received Best Lead Performance for Peter Shaffers EQUUS, Best Director for The APOLLO OF BELAC, and The Betty Joe Tucker Award for Excellence in Performance. Born and raised in San Diego, California, ONan now resides in New York. He received a BFA from the Mason Gross School of the Arts at Rutgers University, which he attended after studying at The Mesa College Theater Company in San Diego. BROOKLYN BROTHERS BEAT THE BEST is his feature film directorial debut. MICHAEL WESTON – Jim Michael Weston garnered much recognition for his pivotal role as Jake in HBOs acclaimed series, SIX FEET UNDER and also for his recurring role on the Foxs HOUSE, opposite Hugh Laurie. Among his several ï¬lm credits are THE LAST KISS, in which he starred opposite Zach Braff, STATE OF PLAY for director Kevin McDonald, GARDEN STATE directed by Zach Braff, DUKES OF HAZZARD and HARTS WAR. He recently completed production on LOVE, WEDDING, MARRIAGE directed by Dermot Mulroney, BROOKLYN BROTHERS BEAT THE BEST directed by Ryan O Nan, RIGHT ANGLE directed by Michael Uppendahl and LIBERAL ARTS directed by Josh Radnor. He is currently in production on the independent feature, GUS for director Jessic McCormack and starring Radha Mitchell and Michelle Monaghan. Westons other television credits include THE GOOD GUYS, PSYCH, BURN NOTICE, SAVED, and recurring roles on the hit shows SCRUBS and LAW AND ORDER:SVU. Westons theatre credits include theater credits include EXTINCTION (off-broadway), SNAKEBIT (off-broadway), THE GRAPES OF WRATH (LA Theatre Works), Kenny Lonnergans THE WAVERLY GALLERY (Pasadena Playhouse), and several plays at the Williamstown theater festival. Born and raised in New York City, Weston is a graduate of Northwestern University. ARIELLE KEBBEL – Cassidy A natural talent with a striking presence and undeniable energy, Arielle Kebbel is on the rise to becoming one of Hollywoods most-promising young actresses. In addition to BROOKLYN BROTHERS BEAT THE BEST, her recent film projects include ANSWER THIS, Mark Pellingtons I MELT WITH YOU and Tim Storys THINK LIKE A MAN. Her past film credits include THE UNINVITED, JOHN TUCKER MUST DIE and THE GRUDGE 2. Kebbels television credits include recurring roles on The CWs LIFE UNEXPECTED, VAMPIRE DIARIES and GILMORE GIRLS. She has also starred on episodes of HBOs TRUE BLOOD, ENTOURAGE, and LAW AND ORDER: SVU. Kebbel resides in Los Angeles, and her other interests include philanthropic work with the non-profit organization A Place Called Home, which helps provide education to inner city youth in Los Angeles in order to avoid a lifestyle free of gangs, poverty and drugs. When shes not acting, shes riding. Kebbel is a decorated hunter/jumper equestrian, and spends her free time at the barn riding whenever she can. MELISSA LEO – Sarah Melissa Leo received an Academy Award, Golden Globe and SAG Award for her tour de force performance in THE FIGHTER. She also received Oscar and SAG nominations for her starring role in Frozen River, for which she won an Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead and a Spotlight Award from the National Board of Review among countless other accolades. Leo shared a Best Ensemble acting award from the Phoenix Film Critics Society for her outstanding work in 21 Grams opposite Benicio del Toro and Sean Penn. Her most recent films include Conviction, opposite Hilary Swank and Sam Rockwell and Welcome to the Rileys opposite James Gandolfini and Kristen Stewart. Other notable film work includes The Three Burials of Melquiades Estrada in which she starred opposite Dwight Yoakam and Tommy Lee Jones, and Hide and Seek in which she starred opposite Robert DeNiro. Leo can be seen in the upcoming films Red State written and directed by Kevin Smith and Seven Days in Utopia opposite Robert Duvall and in Mildred Pierce the HBO miniseries directed by Todd Haynes in which Melissa stars opposite Kate Winslett. Leos television credits include the current HBO series Treme from executive producer David Simon, and she is known for her groundbreaking portrayal of Detective Kay Howard on Homicide: Life on the Streets. Leo studied Drama at Mount View Theatre School in London, England and later at the SUNY Purchase Acting Program. ANDREW MCCARTHY – Brian Andrew McCarthy has appeared in more than two-dozen films, including THE JOY LUCK CLUB, MULHOLLAND FALLS and THE SPIDERWICK CHRONICLES, as well as such iconic movies as PRETTY IN PINK, ST. ELMOS FIRE, LESS THAN ZERO, and cult favorites, WEEKEND AT BERNIES and MANNEQUIN. Hes starred on Broadway in the Tony Award-winning play, Side Man and the Boys of Winter. Hes made numerous television appearances, including Lipstick Jungle, Monk, the Law Order trilogy and many others. He also directs, both in the theater and for the small screen—including such shows as Gossip Girl and White Collar. He is also an award-winning travel writer, and contributing editor at National Geographic Traveler. Hes a regular contributor at Travel + Leisure, The Atlantic, The Wall Street Journal and others. Hes written for Slate, Bon Appetit, Mens Journal, Afar, Islands, to name a few. In late 2010 he was awarded the industrys highest honor, the Lowell Thomas Award for Travel Journalist of the Year. His travel memoir, The Longest Way Home, will be published by Free Press in the fall of 2012. He lives in New York City with his wife and two kids. CHRISTOPHER MCDONALD – Jack Christopher McDonald is one of Hollywoods most prolific and versatile actors. Beloved for his memorable performances in THELMA AND LOUISE, REQUIEM FOR A DREAM, QUIZ SHOW, THE PERFECT STORM, and voice talent in THE IRON GIANT, McDonald is a classically-trained stage actor, with a broad fan base. His notable dramatic television guest-starring roles include work on The Sopranos, The Bronx is Burning, 61, and Martin Scorseses critically acclaimed HBO series, Boardwalk Empire. Last year, he was seen in David E. Kellys legal drama Harrys Law on NBC as recurring character, Tommy Jefferson, and returns this season as a permanent cast member opposite Kathy Bates. McDonald first caught Hollywoods attention when he played Goose McKenzie in GREASE 2, starring Michelle Pfeiffer. Even though more movie offers followed, McDonald opted instead to work on his acting craft, immersing himself in acting studies at Londons Royal Academy of Dramatic Art. Upon returning to Los Angeles, McDonald performed in over thirty-five productions at the Los Angeles Theater Center, including Hamlet, Othello, Death of a Salesman, and Taming of a Shrew, which led him to begin an enviable career that has never slowed down. Film highlights include The Boys Next Door (1985), Outrageous Fortune (1987), Chances Are (1989), Thelma and Louise (1991), Dutch (1991), Wild Orchids 2 (1992), Grumpy Old Men (1993), Fatal Instinct (1993), Terminal Velocity (1994), Quiz Show (1994), Cover Story (1994), Rich Mans Wife (1995), Happy Gilmore (1996), Leave it to Beaver (1997), Flubber (1997) The Iron Giant (1999), The Perfect Storm (2000), Spy Kids:2 (2002), Grind (2003), Takedown (2004), Rumor Has It (2005), American Pie (2006), Kickin It Old Skool (2007), My Sexiest Year (2007), Mad Money (2008), Superhero Movie (2008), Fanboys (2008), The House Bunny (2008) and The Best and The Brightest (2010). McDonalds long held respect for the stage led him to return to New York to star as Billy Flynn, the nefarious self serving lawyer in Kander and Ebbs Chicago. The show toured major markets nationwide with McDonalds leading performance embraced by critics and audiences alike. Other theater credits include Nightclub Cantina, Hay Fever, Bouncers, and The Los Angeles Theatre Centers productions of Hamlet, Othello and The Taming of the Shrew. He is also the recipient of a Drama-logue Award for Best Actor (Final Touches). McDonalds TV credits also include regular appearances on the series Cracking Up, (Fox), Kim Possible (Disney), North Shore (Fox), Family Law (CBS) and Veronicas Closet. (NBC). Born and raised in New York City, McDonald is one of seven children. Originally, a pre-med major at Hobart College, McDonald decided to pursue an acting career in his senior year. In addition to his theater studies in London, McDonald also attended the Stella Adler Acting Conservatory in New York. McDonald and his wife, Lupe, are the proud parents of 3 daughters and a son, and reside in Los Angeles. JASON RITTER – Kyle Ritter recently guest-starred in a multi episode arc on NBCs critically acclaimed Parenthood. He will reprise his role as Lauren Grahams love interest in the upcoming season. Parenthood airs on Tuesday nights at 10:00PM. Concurrently, NBC has made a development deal for Ritter to partner with Jason Katims on a television pilot. Jason Ritter most recently starred on NBCs conspiracy thriller The Event opposite Blair Underwood and Laura Innes. On the show, he played Sean Walker, an unlikely hero who gets entangled in an immense government conspiracy when his would-be fiancée Leila (Sarah Roemer) mysteriously disappears during their Caribbean cruise. At South by Southwest Film Festival this year, Ritter debuted his most recent film A BAG OF HAMMERS starring opposite Rebecca Hall. To be released in 2012, Ritter also stars in THE PERFECT FAMILY, opposite Emily Deschanel, which has been announced in the 2011 Tribeca Film Festival lineup. Ritter recently starred in the independent film THE DRY LAND, opposite America Ferrera, Ryan ONan, and Melissa Leo. The film premiered at the 2010 Sundance Film Festival and won the prize for international premiere at the 2010 Edinburgh Film Festival. He also starred in PETER AND VANDY opposite Jess Weixler, which premiered at the 2009 Sundance Film Festival and was nominated for the Grand Jury Prize. Ritter starred in and co-produced GOOD DICK, written and directed by Marianna Palka, which was nominated for the Grand Jury Prize at Sundance in 2008. His other film credits include: THE EDUCATION OF CHARLIE BANKS, OUR VERY OWN, HAPPY ENDINGS, MUMFORD, and RAISE YOUR VOICE. Other television credits include series regular roles on The Class and Joan of Arcadia. Ritter starred as the title character in the Lincoln Center production of Wendy Wassersteins Third, opposite Dianne Wiest, Charles Durning, Amy Aquino, and Gaby Hoffmann, directed by Daniel Sullivan. His additional theater credits include the Off-Broadway production of Tom Donaghys The Beginning of August and the role of ‘Tim in the world premiere of Neil LaButes play The Distance from Here at Londons Almeida Theatre, directed by David Leveaux. Ritter is a graduate of New York Universitys Tisch School of the Arts, where he studied at the Atlantic Theatre Company. He also studied at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Arts in London. WILMER VALDERRAMA – Jason Wilmer Valderrama has acted, written, produced and directed numerous projects, and continues to have many in development. Most recently, Wilmer appeared in the Universal Pictures dramedy LARRY CROWNE alongside Tom Hanks and Julia Roberts, which was produced by Hanks long time collaborator and acclaimed producer Gary Goetzman. In early January, the Lionsgates dramedy FROM PRADA TO NADA Valderrama starred alongside Camilla Belle, Alexa Vega and Adriana Barraza in the Latin spin on Jane Austens Sense Sensibility. This fall Wilmer will be seen in NBCs highly anticipated AWAKE starring opposite Jason Isaacs. The show is executive produced by 24s Howard Gordon and created and written by Kyle Killen. Wilmer will next be seen in theaters in the thriller THE GIRL IS IN TROUBLE, executive produced by Spike Lee. Wilmer currently serves as the voice on Disneys animated hit show Handy Manny as the voice of ‘Manny. Wilmer also recently created a Youtube video starring as a character he created ‘Eduardo Fresco, which was shot by the Lonely Island Group (the team behind the infamous Saturday Night Live hit videos). The video has been picked up by outlets across the board and has received overwhelmingly positive feedback. In 2010, THE DRY LAND premiered in the dramatic competition at 2010 Sundance Film Festival. Wilmer stars opposite America Ferrera, Jason Ritter, and Melissa Leo about a US Soldier returning home from war from FROZEN RIVER producer, Heather Rae. Then, in 2009, Wilmer made his directorial debut directing the video short CREEPSHOW RAW: INSOMNIA from HDFilms, based on the original CREEPSHOW, a comedy horror film directed by George A. Romero (of NIGHT OF THE LIVING DEAD and DAWN OF THE DEAD fame) and written by Stephen King. In the directorial debut of Celia Fox, DAYS OF WRATH, in 2008, Wilmer stars alongside Jeffrey Dean Morgan, Taye Diggs, and Lawrence Fishburne as a gang leader. The film is an authentic portrayal of effects of gang life on gang members, their community and their families. His past film credits include COLUMBUS DAY with Val Kilmer, FAST FOOD NATION, starring opposite Ethan Hawke, Greg Kinnear, Patricia Arquette, and Catalina Sandino Moreno, the 2006 Sundance Film Festival hit THE DARWIN AWARDS, a dark comedy directed by Finn Taylor, starring Winona Ryder and Joseph Fiennes, and the indie film EL MUERTO, directed by Brian Cox and based on the comic book created by Javier Hernandez. From 2006-2007, Wilmer created, executive produced, and hosted three seasons of the hit MTV show, Yo Momma. Wilmer has done a number of plays, most notably a stint in the Los Angeles Times critics choice play BLACKOUT, which was adapted from the feature film DRUNKS, about an in-depth portrayal of an AA meeting. In April 2005, Wilmer performed opposite Anjelica Huston and Sir Ben Kingsley in the Actors Fund of America all-star reading of the Paramount Pictures screenplay SUNSET BOULEVARD, directed by Peter Hunt. He also recently filmed the Wim Wenders produced short film LA TORCEDURA. Best known for his role as Fez on Foxs That 70s Show, Wilmer has been in high demand above and beyond the small screen since the premiere of the series. He currently has a talent holding deal with 20th TV in which he will star and executive produce a series project for the studio and has started his own production company WV Enterprises, which currently has a deal with Relativity Media. The deal has Wilmer creating, developing, and executive producing series for broadcast and cable networks. JAKE MILLER – Jackson Jake Miller is a 10 year old actor who lives in New York City. He was born on November 20, 2000 and began acting at the age of 7 after taking acting classes with The Atlantic Theatre Companys Program for Children. Jake has had roles in One Life to Live, The Good Wife, Mercy and Law And Order: SVU, as well as doing commercial and voice over work. In addition to BROOKYLN BROTHERS BEAT THE BEST, Jake has also filmed another feature called DARKROOM which is currently in post-production. In addition to acting Jake also loves guitar, sports, writing stories and making his own short films. TOMATOMETER CRITICS 37% \| AUDIENCE 61% Kyle Smith New York Post Top Critic A quirky band of brothers Ryan O’Nan (left), who also wrote and directed, and Michael Weston bring together indie rock, whimsy and kiddie instruments in the fascinating “The Brooklyn Brothers Beat the Best.” In “The Brooklyn Brothers Beat the Best,” half of the musical duo embarking on an eccentric US tour vows, “We’re gonna change the course of human history — like the Wyld Stallyns in ‘Bill & Ted’s Excellent Adventure.’ ” A noble goal. Initially, this low-budget film writes a lot of checks on the First National Bank of Whimsy, but I was astonished when none of them bounced. After a dreary series of would-be comic scenes, a morose musician (Ryan O’Nan) who has just been kicked out of his band joins forces with an excitable weirdo (Michael Weston) who gets his attention by punching him in a public park. They form a folky singing duo and tour the country despite not knowing each other. Equally randomly, a beautiful girl (Arielle Kebbel) they meet on the road agrees to come along as their promoter. Yet the film finally delivers when the boys, calling themselves the Brooklyn Brothers, start to make music. Alex (O’Nan) finds his depressing lyrics sweetened by the goofy lightness of Jim (Weston), who plays an array of Toys R Us instruments with striking originality. Says an appreciative listener after an unexpectedly sweet frat-house party, “You guys are cool. Kind of a Shins meets ‘Sesame Street’ sort of thing.” But exactly. O’Nan, who wrote and directed the movie built around his own songs (and others by Brendan Leach and Keith Freudenberger), is a ragged filmmaker who can’t seem to resist overdoing the quirk by forcing situations, but he’s an appealing actor and a superb musician. It’s not hard to picture the Brooklyn Brothers playing with They Might Be Giants or Ben Folds. Andy Webster New York Times Top Critic Ryan O'Nan, left, with Michael Weston in "Brooklyn Brothers Beat the Best." CreditOscilloscope Laboratories Ryan O’Nan’s Brooklyn Brothers Beat the Best" is all about the inner child — that and the open road and the cloying, precious excesses of indie rock. Alex (Mr. O’Nan, who also wrote the script) is a musician-dreamer, writing depressing songs and being abandoned in short order by his unseen girlfriend; his dim band mate (Jason Ritter); and his smarmy boss (Christopher McDonald) and unctuous co-worker (Wilmer Valderrama, delightfully despicable). Alex can’t even hold down his other job, entertaining schoolchildren while wearing a moose costume. (But he can have a heart-to-heart with a sympathetic little girl.) A performance scene from the comedy “Brooklyn Brothers Beat the Best,” featuring Ryan O’Nan and Michael Weston. By Oscilloscope Laboratories on Publish DateSeptember 13, 2012. To the rescue comes an impassioned fan, the goofy Jim (Michael Weston), a player of toy Fisher-Price-type instruments, who declares them a duo, the Brooklyn Brothers. Jim has mapped out a tour, ending in Los Angeles. Off they go on a cross-country journey, enchanting listeners, who sway rapturously at their performances atop buildings and in ramshackle nightspots. n tow is a hardheaded manager (Arielle Kebbel) with eyes for Alex. Along the way Alex finds forgiveness for his estranged, straight-arrow brother (Andrew McCarthy. (And he has another heart-to-heart, with his young nephew. Aside from one outburst, he’s really good with kids.) Inner child? Open road? No, this film is actually about Mr. O’Nan and his wan, scruffy innocence. THE FILMMAKERS JASON MICHAEL BERMAN Producer Since beginning his career in producing, Jason Michael Berman has produced numerous feature films that have debuted at premiere film festivals around the globe, including the Sundance Film Festival, the Toronto International Film Festival, Tribeca Film Festival, Berlinale, and Edinburgh. Jason was named by Variety in 2011 as one of the Top Ten Producers to Watch and by Deadline Hollywood in 2012 as one of the Top Ten Producers to Watch at Sundance. In 2009, Jason co-produced his first feature film The Dry Land, written directed by Ryan Piers Williams, which starred America Ferrera, Melissa Leo, Wilmer Valderrama, Jason Ritter and Ryan O’Nan. The film premiered at the 2010 Sundance Film Festival in the US Dramatic Competition and won the Grand Jury Prize at the Dallas International Film Festival and at the Edinburgh International Film Festival in Scotland. Jason also was part of the producing team on the independent film JESS+MOSS, directed by Clay Jeter, which premiered at the 2011 Sundance film festival and the Berlinale in Berlin, Germany. JESS+MOSS then went on to win the Grand Jury Prize at the Dallas International Film Festival and was released in first quarter 2012. Additional credits include the inspirational drama, Seven Days In Utopia, directed by Matthew Dean Russell, and starring Robert Duvall, Lucas Black, Melissa Leo, Deborah Ann Woll, Brian Geraghty and Kathy Baker, which was released in September 2011; The Brooklyn Brothers Beat The Best, written, directed and starring Ryan O’Nan, which premiered at the 2011 Toronto International Film Festival; LUV directed by Sheldon Candis, and starring Common, Meagan Good, Dennis Haysbert, Charles S. Dutton and Danny Glover, which premiered at the 2012 Sundance Film Festival in the US Dramatic Competition; Struck By Lightning, directed by Brian Dannelly, written by Chris Colfer, and starring Chris Colfer, Allison Janney, Christina Hendricks and Dermot Mulroney. Struck By Lightning, which premiered at the 2012 Tribeca Film Festival. The Brooklyn Brothers Beat The Best, LUV, and Struck By Lightning will all be theatrically released in the US in late 2012. Jason just wrapped production on Kilimanjaro, written and directed by Walter Strafford, and starring Brian Geraghty and Abigail Spencer. The film was lensed in New York City, and is expected to be on the film festival circuit in early 2013. Prior to producing, Jason started his career in the agent training program at the William Morris Agency in Beverly Hills, CA. His understanding of the entertainment business was further honed under the Chief Operating Officer at MGM Studios, where Jason witnessed the rebirth of the United Artists label and gained a wealth of knowledge about legal, business affairs, management, distribution, acquisitions, and the marketing departments of a major motion picture studio. Jason also worked for writer/director Gary Ross at Larger than Life Productions and assisted Ross with the animated feature film, The Tale Of Despereaux. Jason is a 2006 graduate of the University of Southern California, School of Cinematic Arts, and is a member of the Producers Guild of America. Jason is originally from Baltimore, Maryland. KWESI COLLISSON Producer Kwesi Collisson has been a producer for feature films, broadcast television and commercial advertising more than 15 years. His works include collaborations with Paramount Pictures, NBC/Universal, USA Networks, MTV Networks, Saatchi Saatchi and YR. Kwesis television experience includes promoting the launch of cable channels, series and producing thousands of promos and commercial spots. As a creative and technical producer, Kwesis expertise combines his specialized skills and experience in production and post-production management, and hands-on visual effects and editing. Kwesis accomplishments have garnered him awards as well as out standing recognition from esteemed colleagues in television, independent features and studio arenas. These awards include THE SUNDANCE FILM FESTIVAL, TOKYO INTERNATIONAL FILM FESTIVAL, SXSW and the TELLURIDE FILM FESTIVAL. Kwesis feature film portfolio contains domestic as well as international productions such as a CONVERSATIONS WITH OTHER WOMEN, with Helena Bonham Carter, Aaron Eckhart and Olivia Wilde and MEMOIRS OF A TEENAGE AMNESIAC, filmed in Japan and the U.S., starring Anton Yelchin, Emma Roberts and Kenichi Matsuyama. Collissons most recent projects include 7 DAYS IN UTOPIA, starring Robert Duvall and Melissa Leo and BROOKLYN BROTHERS BEAT THE BEST. SERGIO AGERO Executive Producer Sergio Agero comes to film and television production from a successful career packaging, financing and distributing motion pictures. He has produced QUARANTINE at Sony Screen Gems (2008) and NO RESERVATIONS at Warner Brothers (2007). Under a producer deal at Latino mini-major Maya Entertainment he has executive produced THE DRY LAND (2010) starring America Ferrera and Wilmer Valderrama and is working on a slate of youth driven multicultural genre movies. In 2010 he also produced QUARANTINE 2: TERMINAL at Sony, and executive produced Venezuelas all time #1 box office hit, the action thriller LA HORA CERO, as well as BROOKLYN BROTHERS BEAT THE BEST. Agero was an executive producer on Y TU MAMA TAMBIEN a 2003 Academy Award nominee for Best Original Screenplay, and PRINCESAS a 2005 multiple Goya Awards winner in Spain. He also developed the series pilot RED BALL, at 20Th Century Television, and the international bestseller THE QUEEN OF THE SOUTH at Warner Independent. At the Endeavor Agency, Agero established their independent financing and international efforts, representing talent, financing companies and completed films. He also sold distribution rights to a number of films, including the box-office hit THE BLAIR WITCH PROJECT. As Executive Vice President of Los Angeles based Trimark Picture he built international film and television sales and was instrumental in production and acquisition of art house movies. The company was acquired by Lions Gate Entertainment for $80 million. Prior to that, he served as Vice President of International Sales at Vision International and at Epic Pictures. He began his entertainment career in acquisitions at Bjorck Film representing in Los Angeles among others, media groups Shochiku in Japan and Village Roadshow in Australia. Agero earned his B.A. in economics and political science from Yale and became financial analyst at Salomon Brothers in New York, participating in valuation analyses of takeover targets as well as fixed income and equity financings. He worked and traveled throughout Asia before relocating to Los Angeles and entering the entertainment industry. MARK G. MATHIS Executive Producer Mark G. Mathis brings over 20 years of experience to this project. He co-produced the critically acclaimed PRECIOUS, which won the 2010 Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress as well as Best Screenplay and was nominated for Best Picture. It also won the Independent Spirit Award for Best Feature, Best Screenplay, Best Actress, Best Supporting Actress and Best Director. Mark recently produced the inspirational family film SEVEN DAYS IN UTOPIA (starring Academy Award Winners Robert Duvall and Melissa Leo), and Mike Polishs BIG SUR. Mark also produced the Sundance hit BRICK which was released by Focus Features, and he was nominated for the 2006 Independent Spirit John Cassavetes Award for Best Producer. Marks other past producing credits include the Sundance hit THE DRY LAND, Lee Daniels TENNESSEE starring Mariah Carey, CONVERSATIONS WITH OTHER WOMEN starring Helena Bonham Carter and Aaron Eckhart, and the Slamdance Grand Jury Winner GOOD HOUSEKEEPING. Mark also served as First Assistant Director on the Sundance acquisition WAITRESS and John Augusts directorial debut THE NINES. THOMAS B. FORE Executive Producer Thomas B. Fore has produced numerous feature films that have debuted at premiere film festivals including the Sundance Film Festival, the Toronto International Film Festival. In 2011 Thomas co-produced his first feature film LUV written directed by Sheldon Candis and starring Common, Michael Rainey Jr., Danny Glover, Dennis Haysbert, Meagan Goode, Charles Dutton and Michael K Williams and premiered at the 2012 Sundance Film Festival in the US Dramatic Competition and which was featured in the first Sundance International Film Festival in London. Thomas was also an Executive Producer of the independent film The Most Fun I Ever Had With My Pants On, written and directed by Drew Denny which was featured at the Seattle Film Festival in 2012. Additional credits include the The Brooklyn Brothers Beat The Best, written, directed and starring Ryan O’Nan, which premiered at the 2011 Toronto International Film Festival. Thomas just wrapped production on Kilimanjaro, written and directed by Walter Strafford, and starring Brian Geraghty and Abigail Spencer. The film was lensed in New York City, and is expected to be on the film festival circuit in early 2013 and recently wrapped principal photography on Chu and Blossom, written by Ryan Onan and Charles Chu and starring Ryan Onan, Charles Chu, Annie Potts, Alan Cummings, Melanie Lynskey and Mercedes Reuhl which will be released in 2013. Thomas is in pre-production on several projects with Jason Michael Berman and Ryan Onan. Prior to producing, Thomas started his film career in 2000 on the set of Adam Yaffes The Book of Danny. Thomas is a 1991 graduate of Towson University and is the CEO of Sora Development, a multifaceted real estate development firm based in Baltimore, Maryland and is Managing Partner of Tiderock Films, LLC, Fore Entertainment, a film finance company and Venus Mercari, LLC an artist Management firm Fore owns with partner, Sean Banks. Thomas is originally from Greenville, North Carolina. ROB SIMONSEN Composer Rob Simonsen is starting to make quite a name for himself in film music. Starting with his brilliant collaboration with Mychael Danna on the score to the hit Fox Searchlight project 500 DAYS OF SUMMER, and with more recent solo projects ALL GOOD THINGS (Kirsten Dunst, Ryan Gosling), LOVE, ETC. (Jill Andresevic documentary), and the upcoming Lionsgate feature LOL (Miley Cyrus, Demi Moore), Simonsen is being talked about as a composer of tremendous depth and diversity. Since his first foray into filmmaking in 2003 with the lush, orchestral score for the independent feature Westender (…unusually rich -Variety, resonant -Combustible Celluloid and vibrant and powerful -dvdtalk.com), Rob Simonsen has written and contributed to the scores for numerous Hollywood films as well as television shows and major advertising campaigns. From quirky, Sundance award-winning films to major studio releases, Robs writing has ranged from small, eclectic ensembles to full 85-piece orchestras with choir. Born into a musical family, Rob began playing the piano by ear at an early age. His early musical experiments were inspired by film scores, modern orchestral works, electronic music and jazz. Rob went on to pursue piano and composition while studying at Southern Oregon University, University of Oregon and Portland State University. Rob met and befriended acclaimed film composer Mychael Danna at the 2003 Seattle International Film Festival at the premiere of Westender. Impressed by what he heard, Danna suggested that Rob relocate to Los Angeles, where, as Dannas assistant and then as his collaborator, he refined his knowledge of the craft of scoring music to picture. During that time he collaborated with Danna on the scores to 500 DAYS OF SUMMER and MANAGEMENT (Jennifer Anniston, Steve Zahn) and provided additional music for many films, including THE IMAGINARIUM OF DOCTOR PARNASSUS and SURFS UP!. In 2009 Rob opened his own studio in Hollywood out of which he continues to compose and produce for film and other music projects. ANNETTE DAVEY Editor Originally from Australia, Annette graduated from Australian Film and TV School, with a degree in Editing, winning the Qantas Award for Excellence. She worked initially in Australia on a multitude of award winning films before going to Rome to work on the extremely successful and award winning TV series, Notte Rock for the Rai Network. Davey then came to Los Angeles at the invitation of Gabriella Cristiani, the Oscar-winning editor of the LAST EMPEROR. Since arriving in the United States, she has worked extensively on feature films in both Los Angeles and New York including GYPSY 83, SORRYHATERS, WAITRESS, BART GOT A ROOM, AND PRETTY BIRD. Davey is currently working on Season 3 of HUNG for HBO and has worked on many television series including BATTLESTAR GALACTICA, HUNG, HOW TO MAKE IT IN AMERICA and BLUE BLOODS. GAVIN KELLY Director of Photography Gavin Kelly is an A.S.C. honored, Emmy Award winning cinematographer who has shot a wide spectrum of feature films, music videos, commercials, documentaries, web and television projects around the world. A member of the International Cinematographers Guild, Gavins extensive background in visual arts, music, and film has helped him become a distinctive, dynamic filmmaker. Gavin shot THE DRY LAND, starring Ryan ONan, America Ferrera, Wilmer Valderrama, Melissa Leo, and Jason Ritter, which premiered in competition at the 2010 Sundance Film Festival. Gavin shot the Academy Award winning film WEST BANK STORY, a bold musical-comedy take on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The film premiered at the 2005 Sundance Film Festival and has won numerous international festival awards. While in undergraduate studies in Visual Arts at U.C.S.D., Gavin was awarded two Student Emmys for his films. Gavin went on to receive an M.F.A. in film production at the University of Southern California School of Cinematic Arts in 2004. In 2005 Gavin received the prestigious A.S.C. Heritage Award for Outstanding Cinematography, Honorable Commendation, from the American Society of Cinematographers. Gavin recently wrapped shooting LEARNING UNCLE VINCENT, starring Common, Meagan Good, and Danny Glover, and SUGAR, starring Shenae Grimes, Marshall Allman, and Angus MacFadyan. Gavins other feature credits include FRENEMY, starring Zach Galifiankis and Matthew Modine, PLAY THE GAME, starring Andy Griffith and Doris Roberts, and WAKE, starring Bijou Phillips, Danny Masterson and Jane Seymour. KEITH FREUDENBERGER and BRENDAN LEACH Original Music, Crayon Rosary Keith Freudenberger was born and raised in Berkeley Heights, NJ, a quiet suburb thirty miles from New York. Keith was forced to take piano lessons in 2nd, 3rd and 4th grade. He played the trumpet for one year, also in the 4th grade. He chose to play the bass in middle school, and continued to do so, quite poorly, throughout high school. He always enjoyed singing. Brendan Leach was born in Staten Island and was quickly moved to Freehold, NJ. At some point he accidentally learned some guitar chords. Brendan liked to write songs, but needed someone to teach him how to sing. Crayon Rosary was born in New Brunswick, NJ at Rutgers University when Brendan approached Keith about adding some additional instrumentation and backing vocals to songs he wrote and performed on acoustic guitar. He presented Keith with a few childrens toys and outdated, unwanted keyboards saved from the trash. Thrift store finds and garage sale purchases complimented Keiths limited musical ability, yet perfectly translated into the feel and sound of Crayon Rosary. The two began to write new songs together and the band gained a small following. Keith taught Brendan how to sing. Keith currently lives in Jersey City, NJ with his wife, Laura. He enjoys brewing beer, camping, hiking and complaining about the Mets. Brendan Lives in Brooklyn, NY. He works as an illustrator and write comics. Crayon Rosary has been on an indefinite hiatus since 2007.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729546
__label__wiki	0.875097	0.875097	DP REEL 2015 CHANANUN Photo by DJ Kestin Chananun Chotrungroj Chananun is a director of photography and artist based in New York City and Bangkok. She served as Director of Photography alongside Sandi Sissel on the feature film "Karaoke Girl," which premiered at the Rotterdam Film Festival in 2012 and won the "Best Cinematography" award at the Bangkok Critics Assembly Awards. Her latest works include the feature films "Yosemite" directed by Gabrielle Demeestere, "Motel Mist" directed by prabda Yoon," "Kill the Czar" James Franco and Bruce Thierry Cheung,"The Nearest Human Being" directed by Marco Coppola,"Please Don't Come Back From the Moon" directed by Bruce Thierry Cheung, "Popeye" by Kirsten Tan. She recently shot the short film "Seide" which is in competition at the 72nd Venice International Film Festival. While pursuing an MFA in Film at NYU, she was awarded the Ang Lee Fellowship and Department Fellowship and received Nestor Almendros Award for Outstanding Cinematography by a Woman in 2013 and 2015. Email Address : littlelamduan@gmail.com IMDB http://www.imdb.com/name/nm3575231/	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729550
__label__cc	0.576421	0.423579	American Buddha Bulletin Board Questioning Buddhist Authorities Board index We're Not in Lhasa Anymore Gurdjieff & Trungpa, Sarmoung Brother-Hoods Lhasa rules don't apply here. Click this link, and catch a breath of the fresh air of psychic freedom from Buddhist authority. If you haven't tried breathing outside the sterile domain of orthodoxy, step inside. It'll clear your head and free your mind. Post by Admin » Fri Jul 12, 2019 9:34 pm by Charles Carreon The similarities between Gurdjieff & Chogyam Trungpa are too numerous to be ignored, and Trungpa's canny exploitation of Gurdjieff's legacy and disciples may lie at the heart of his success in attracting the entitled, elite cadre of followers whose fulsome devotion to his self-proclaimed divinity laid the foundation for absolute rulership of his spiritual kingdom. Gurdjieff claimed to be a member of the "Sarmoung Brotherhood" and Trungpa claimed to be the abbot of Surmang Monastery. The difference in spellings seems to be an artifact of translation. Although Trungpa's claim to supreme abbotship has been cast in doubt by later scholarship, this hasn't dissuaded the authors of his hagiographies. Both Gurdjieff and Trungpa came from Asian lands, spoke English as a second language, adopted a haughty manner toward the presentation of their "spiritual paths," and began their careers by inveighing against the established spiritualistic orthodoxy. Both ultimately propounded their own imaginary systems that are consistent in style and content with the very systems they claim to have repudiated. Both cultivated their most devoted early followers from among the English intellectual elites (granted that Gurdjieff consorted largely with his Russian confreres, as Trungpa did with exiled Tibetans), affected an aristocratic air, demanded access to the finer things in life, and declared ascetic self-denial to be a lesser path that led to trivial results. Both suffered severe automobile accidents due to their disregard of ordinary norms of behavior. Both suffered life-long disability due to the automobile accident, and in Gurdjieff’s case, caused him to suffer a protracted impairment of his intellectual faculties. In Trungpa’s case, he was rendered a physical cripple, a condition that caused him to self-medicate with alcohol, and as has been recently revealed, cocaine, habits that resulted in his early mental decline and physical demise. Both gave their spiritual ambitions megalomaniacal scope, proclaiming that their doctrines would lead, in Gurdjieff’s case, to the salvation of humanity, and in Trungpa’s case, the establishment of an “enlightened society.” Both used their self-proclaimed world-wide missions to convert humanity to a higher way of living to attract students eager to imagine themselves at the vanguard of human spiritual evolution. Both concocted fantastical cosmologies, populating them with imaginary creatures born of their alcohol-infused imaginations, and compelled their students to absorb these doctrines as a means of gaining access to esoteric wisdom. Both demonstrated material acquisitiveness that in persons less “spiritual” would be deemed avaricious, and avoided the charge by spending profligately to fulfill their missions. These and other correspondences and similarities serve to explain why it is that many of Gurdjieff’s followers and believers in his system attached themselves to Trungpa, and in many cases, became Trungpa acolytes. Return to “We're Not in Lhasa Anymore” ↳ If You Think You'd Like to Post Here We're Not in Lhasa Anymore The Fire Still Burns	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729551
__label__wiki	0.807613	0.807613	Census • Person • Anthony Holding Bio Gallery Notes Mentions Contemporaries 1660 ca 1703-1704 1704, Jun 30 Quartermaster of The Charles, first serving under Daniel Plowman and then under John Quelch. An English officer, pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. The Charles sailed from Boston in July 1703 on a pirate expedition against the French and Spanish ships. Not long after the departure of Captain Daniel Plowman ill and because of quarantine remained in his cabin. The crew, led by proviantním officer Anthony Holding, however, rebelled and his captain chose Lieutenant John Quelch. In late September, Captain Daniel Plowman died of a fever. Later, at the shores of Brazil plundered nine Portuguese ships and gain valuable cargo of weapons, skins, sugar, fabrics, boxes of gold dust and money. By that time, however, was between Portugal and England concluded an alliance. Therefore, the English Admiralty after the report of Portugal on the looting of ships issued an arrest warrant for the entire crew. In May 1704 The Charles ship docked in port today Marblehead, Massachusetts, where the unsuspecting crew with his share of the booty broke. Within a week, most of the crew including Anthony Holding caught and imprisoned. In early June, he was taken to court in Boston. Anthony Holding was based on the testimony of crew members found guilty and sentenced to death by hanging. The execution was carried out at the Friday, 30.6.1704. The course of execution secured the regiment of musketeers. He also attended by several officials of the Admiralty Court, two ministers and a few monks. It is the first judicial executions in America. Charles Crew: Led by John Quelch Austin , James: An English pirate and member of the crew of the the The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman in the Caribbean. The Charles left Boston in ... Breck , John: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... Carter , Dennis: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... Carter , John: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... Chevalle , Daniel: an English officer, pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Pl... Chuley , Daniel: English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. The C... Clifford , John: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... Davis , Gabriel: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... Dorothy , John: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... Dunbar , Nicholas: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... Farrington , Thomas: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... Giddens , Paul: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... Harwood , John: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... Holding , Anthony: Quartermaster of The Charles, first serving under Daniel Plowman and then under John Quelch. An English officer, pirate, he worked in the C... Hutnot , Joseph: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... James , Charles: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... Johnson , Isaac: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... Jones III, William: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... King , Charles: English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. The C... King , Francis: an English officer, pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Pl... King II, John: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... Lambert [2], John: an English officer, pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Pl... Lawrence , Richard: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... Lawson , Nicholas: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... Miller , John: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... Norton , George: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. T... Parkins , Benjamin: Crew member of The Charles, commanded by John Quelch Parrot , James: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... Pattison , James: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... Perkins , Benjamin: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. T... Peterson , Erasmus: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... Pierse , George: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... Pimer , Matthew: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... Pitman , John: An English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... Quittance , John: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... Raynor , William: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... Richardson , Nicholas: an English officer, pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Pl... Roach , Peter: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... Scudamore , Christopher: Christopher Scudamore 1670?? - +1710?? English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charl... Templeton , John: an English cabin boy and worked pirate in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel P... Thurbar , Richard: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... Way , John: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... Wells , Joseph: An officer on board Captain John Quelch's Charles galley. Attempted to escape at Gloucester, Massachusetts, in the Larimore, but was capture... Whiting , William: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... Wiles , William: an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman. Th... Wormall , Daniel: Master of The Charles, commanded by John Quelch. Attempted to escape from Gloucester, Massachusetts, by sailing off in the Larimore galley, ... The Pirates' Who's Who: (P. Gosse, 1924) One of John Quelch's crew of the brigantine Charles. Tried for piracy at Boston in 1704. James Austin ...quarantined in his cabin. The crew, led by quartermaster Anthony Holding, however, rebelled and Lieutenant John Quelch... John Breck ...in his cabin. The crew, led by proviantním officer Anthony Holding, however, rebelled and his captain chose Lieutenant... Dennis Carter Daniel Chevalle Daniel Chuley John Clifford Gabriel Davis John Dorothy Nicholas Dunbar Thomas Farrington Paul Giddens John Harwood Joseph Hutnot Isaac Johnson William Jones III John King II John Lambert [2] Richard Lawrence Nicholas Lawson George Norton James Parrot James Pattison Benjamin Perkins Erasmus Peterson George Pierse Matthew Pimer John Pitman John Quittance William Raynor Nicholas Richardson Peter Roach Christopher Scudamore John Templeton Richard Thurbar John Way William Whiting William Wiles -all-BahamasBermudaEnglandFranceIndiaIrelandJamaicaMartiniqueNetherlandsPuerto RicoScotlandSwedenUnited StatesWalesWest Africa Anthony Holding 1660 ca 1703 Anne Dieu-Le-Veut 1661, Aug 28 1650 a French Pirate. Alongside Jaquotte Delahaye, she was one of very few female Buccaneers. She was ... John Bowen unknown 1700 a pirate of Créole origin active during the Golden Age of Piracy. He sailed with other famous co... James Austin 1670 ca 1703 An English pirate and member of the crew of the the The Charles, led by Captain Daniel Plowman in... Daniel Chevalle 1660 ca 1703 an English officer, pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate... Daniel Chuley 1670 ca 1703 English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The Ch... John Clifford 1670 ca 1703 an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship The... Gabriel Davis 1670 ca 1703 John Dorothy 1670 ca 1703 Nicholas Dunbar 1670 ca 1703 Thomas Farrington 1670 ca 1703 1704 1710/1714 ca Paul Giddens 1670 ca 1703 John Harwood 1670 ca 1703 Joseph Hutnot 1670 ca 1703 Charles James 1670 ca 1703 Isaac Johnson 1670 ca 1703 William Jones III 1670 ca 1703 Charles King 1670 ca 1703 Francis King 1660 ca 1703 John King II 1670 ca 1703 John Lambert [2] 1660 ca 1703 Richard Lawrence 1670 ca 1703 Nicholas Lawson 1670 ca 1703 Matthew Primer unknown 1703 Crew member of The Charles, commanded by John Quelch Turned King's evidence (and pardoned) at the... Captain John Quelch 1666 1703 an English pirate who had a lucrative but very brief career of about one year. His chief claim to... Lionel Wafer 1640 1679 a Welsh explorer, buccaneer and privateer. A ship's surgeon, Wafer made several voyages to the So... Abraham Samuel unknown 1690 a mulatto pirate, born in Martinique, of the Indian Ocean in the days of the Pirate Round in the ... Captain Daniel unknown 1700 Raided in the Caribbean, his adventures are described by the French missionary father Labat. John Breck 1670 ca 1703 Dennis Carter 1670 ca 1703 John Carter 1670 ca 1703 Captain William May unknown 1680 English pirate captain of the PEARL and also known as PEARL OF RHODE ISLAND. He served in the Ca... Nathaniel North 1671 1689 a Bermuda-born pirate during the Golden Age of Piracy, operating in the Indian Ocean under John B... Gardiner unknown 1690 Although at one time a pirate, by some means or other he became appointed to the office of Deputy... Major Thomas Jones [1] 1665 1690 as a young man, he joined the Irish who fought unsuccessfully for James the 2nd against the Brit... Benjamin Parkins unknown 1690 Crew member of The Charles, commanded by John Quelch Captain Thomas White unknown 1690 White migrated to Barbados from Plymouth after serving in the Royal Navy. Circa 1698, White was i... Captain Brown [2] unknown 1700 On July 24th, 1702, sailed from Jamaica in command of the Blessing — ten guns and crew of seven... Captain Christian unknown 1700 In 1702 the town of Tolu was sacked by Captain Brown of the Blessing. Brown was killed, and Chris... Cornelis Gerrits unknown 1700 Gerrits was active as a privateer at the beginning of the 18th century. He was the Captain of the... Mr. Hopkins unknown 1700 Buccaneer and apothecary. First lieutenant to Captain Dover (a doctor of physic) on board the Duc... About 1709 commanded a pirate brigantine off Madagascar. Sailed for some time in company with a N... William Jones [1] unknown 1700 Tried for piracy at Boston, 1704. Captain Thomas Larimore unknown 1700 Commanded the Larimore galley. In 1704 was with the pirate John Quelch and several other pirates,... Nicholas Lawrence unknown 1700 Tried for piracy with the rest of John Quelch's crew at Boston in 1704. Jan Lens unknown 1700 Dutch privateer in the 18th century. Sold one of the prizes he captured, together with Erasmus Mu... Antonio Mendoza unknown 1700 A Spaniard from San Domingo. Mention is made of this unlucky mariner in a very interesting docum... Erasmus Muller unknown 1700 Dutch privateer in the 18th century. Sold one of the prizes he captured, together with Jan Lens, ... Peter Painter unknown 1700 A Carolina pirate who retired to live in Charleston, South Carolina. Became a respected citizen o... Captain Charles Pickering unknown 1700 Commanded the Cinque Ports galley, sixteen guns, crew of sixty-three men, and accompanied William... Captain Daniel Plowman unknown 1700 Captain of the Charles. Departed Boston in July 1703 on a mission to attack Spanish and French sh... Captain John Pulling unknown 1700 Commanded the Fame, which set out in 1703 in company with William Dampier in the St. George on a ... William Raynor 1670 ca 1700 Captain Ort Van Tyle unknown 1700 A Dutchman from New York. A successful pirate in the days of the Madagascan sea-rovers. For some ... John Miller 1670 ca 1703 George Norton 1670 ca 1703 an English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirate ship Th... James Pattison 1670 ca 1703 Christopher Scudamore 1670 ca 1703 Christopher Scudamore 1670?? - +1710?? English pirate, he worked in the Caribbean. He was a memb... John Way 1670 ca 1703 William Whiting 1670 ca 1703 William Wiles 1670 ca 1703 William Dampier 1651, Sep 1673 1715 1715, Mar the first Englishman to explore parts of what is today Australia, and the first person to circumn... Alexander Dalzeel 1662 1685 a seventeenth-century pirate and former officer under Henry Avery. According to pirate lore, Dalz... Captain Samuel Burgess 1650 1690 Burgess was a member of Captain William Kidd's crew in 1690 when the Blessed William was seized. ... John Martel unknown 1702 An old Jamaican privateer. After the Peace of Utrecht, being out of employment, he took to piracy... Stephen James unknown 1690 Tried and hanged for piracy at Charleston in 1717. Joseph Rivers unknown 1690 Joseph Rivers was a rarity: a pirate with a long resume. Most pirates died young, sometimes at th... Captain Dennis McCarthy unknown 1690 ref: the history of pirates. Of New Providence, Bahama Islands. This pirate and prize-fighter wa... Joseph Palmer unknown 1690 English pirate. He sailed on the ship Captain William Kidd ADVENTURE GALLEY in the Caribbean and ... Hugh Parrot unknown 1690 Alexander Selkirk 1676 1690 1719 1721, Dec 13 a Scottish sailor who spent more than four years as a castaway after being marooned on an uninhab... Emanuel Wynn unknown 1690 a French pirate of the 18th century, and is often considered the first pirate to fly the Jolly Ro... Jan Andriessen unknown 1700 Dutch privateer in the eighteenth century. Captain of the yacht the Fortuyn between 1701 and 1719. Black Caesar unknown 1700 an 18th-century African pirate. For nearly a decade, he raided shipping from the Florida Keys and... Doctor Thomas Dover 1660 1702 an English physician. He is remembered for his common cold and fever medicine Dover's powder, his... John Clipperton unknown 1700 Sailed with William Dampier in 1703 Jonas Berntsson Lambert-Wenman 1665 ca 1680 Jonas Berntsson Lambert-Wenman was born in Ume, Vsterbotten, Sweden in approximately 1665. He was... Conajee Angria 1669, Aug 1698 the first notable chief of the Maratha Navy in 18th century India. He fought against the British,... George Pierse 1670 ca 1703 Benjamin Perkins 1670 ca 1703 1731/4 1710/1731/4 ca James Parrot 1670 ca 1703 Captain Miguel Henriquez 1674-80 1700 a privateer from San Juan, Puerto Rico who operated during the early 18th century. A mulatto born... Erasmus Peterson 1670 ca 1703 Réné Duguay-Trouin 1673, Jun 10 1690 Privateer......This Breton corsair from St. Malo became so famous for his attacks on British ship... John Pitman 1670 ca 1703 Matthew Pimer 1670 ca 1703 John Quittance 1670 ca 1703 Captain Rayner unknown 1703 Although there is no direct evidence that Rayner ever sailed the Carolina coast, he did sail with... Peter Roach 1670 ca 1703 Lancelot Blackburne 1658, Dec 10 1680 an English clergyman, who became Archbishop of York, and – in popular belief – a pirate. He w... John Templeton 1691 ca 1703 an English cabin boy and worked pirate in the Caribbean. He was a member of the crew of the pirat... Richard Thurbar 1670 ca 1703 Jean Francois Chambray unknown 1687 Knight of Malta	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729555
__label__wiki	0.535609	0.535609	Census • Person • Hendrik Brouwer aka: Enrique Brower Bio Links Gallery Notes Contemporaries Pirates • Explorers • Governance 1581 1606-1643 1643, Aug 7 a Dutch explorer, admiral, and colonial administrator both in Japan and the Dutch East Indies. He is thought to first have sailed to the East Indies for the Dutch East India Company (VOC) in 1606. In 1642, the VOC joined the Dutch West Indies Company in organizing an expedition to Chile to establish a base for trading gold at the abandoned ruins of Valdivia. Governors-General of the Dutch East Indies: Pieter Both (1610-1614): the first Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies. Not much is known of his early years. In 1599, Both was already an admiral in the New, ... Gerard Reynst (1614-1615): a Dutch merchant, father of a museum curator, and later the second Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies. On the request of his elders i... Laurens Reael (1615-1619): an employee of the Dutch East India Company (VOC), Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1616 to 1619 and an admiral of the Dutch n... Jan Pieterszoon Coen (1619-1623): an officer of the Dutch East India Company in Indonesia (VOC) in the early seventeenth century, holding two terms as its Governor-General of... Pieter de Carpentier (1623-1627): a Dutch, administrator of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) who served as Governor-General there from 1623 to 1627. The Gulf of Carpentaria... Jacques Specx (1629-1632): a Dutch merchant, who founded the trade on Japan and Korea in 1609. Jacques Specx received the support of William Adams to obtain extensive ... Hendrik Brouwer (1632-1636): a Dutch explorer, admiral, and colonial administrator both in Japan and the Dutch East Indies. He is thought to first have sailed to the Eas... Anthony van Diemen (1636-1645): a Dutch colonial governor. In 1616 he moved to Amsterdam, in hope of improving his fortune as a merchant; in this he failed and was declared... Cornelis van der Lijn (1645-1650): Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1646 until 1650. He went, in 1627, as Assistant to Batavia, Dutch East Indies aboard the Wap... Carel Reyniersz (1650-1653): Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1650 until 1653. He left for the Indies in 1627 as Upperbuyer (opperkoopman) on the Dutch Co... Joan Maetsuycker (1653-1678): the Governor of Zeylan during the Dutch period in Ceylon and Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1653 to 1678. He was appointed a... Rijcklof van Goens (1678-1681): the Governor of Zeylan and Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies. He was the Governor of Zeylan from 12 May 1660 to 1661, then in 1663 a... Cornelis Speelman (1681-1684): Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1681 to 1684. In his 16th year, he left aboard the Hillegersberg for the Indies. He was emplo... Johannes Camphuys (1684-1691): the Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1684 to 1691. Camphuys was born in Haarlem, in the Republic of the United Netherlands. In... Willem van Outhoorn (1691-1704): Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1691 to 1704. He was born and died in the Dutch East Indies. His father was a Dutch East Ind... Joan van Hoorn (1704-1709): Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1704 until 1709. In 1665, when he was still only 12 years old, Joan van Hoorn was already Und... Abraham van Riebeeck (1709-1713): a merchant with the Dutch East India Company and the Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1709 to 1713. After his studies, he beca... Christoffel van Swoll (1713-1718): Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 17 November 1713 until his death. On 19 December 1683, he left for Batavia on board the Juff... Hendrick Zwaardecroon (1718-1725): Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1718 until 1725. Zwaardecroon left for the East Indies as a midshipman aboard the Purmer in ... Mattheus de Haan (1725-1729): Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1725 to 1729. On 26 October 1671 he left for the Indies, where his father had been appointed ... Diederik Durven (1729-1732): a Dutch colonial administrator and Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1729 to 1732. Durven studied Law at Leiden University wher... Dirck van Cloon (1732-1735): Eurasian Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies. He died of malaria at the age of 46. He was born in Batavia sometime in 1684. For his e... Abraham Patras (1735-1737): Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 11 March 1735 until 3 May 1737. He was born in Grenoble of a refugee French Huguenot family.... Adriaan Valckenier (1737-1741): Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1737 to 1741. Mainly remembered for his involvement in the 1740 Batavia massacre, Valckenier ... Johannes Thedens (1741-1743): Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 6 November 1741 until 28 May 1743. Thedens, born in a largely Dutch settlement in Friedrich... Gustaaf Willem van Imhoff (1743-1750): a Dutch colonial administrator for the Dutch East India Company (VOC). He served as Governor of Ceylon from 1736 to 1740 and as Governor-Gen... Jacob Mossel (1750-1761): went from being a common sailor to become Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1750 to 1761. He was of noble birth, born in Enkhui... Petrus Albertus van der Parra (1761-1775): Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1761 to 1775. In 1728, he began his career at fourteen years old. As everyone had to start a... Jeremias van Riemsdijk (1775-1777): a Dutch colonial administrator who served as Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1775 to 1777. He entered service with the Dutch ... Reynier de Klerck (1777-1780): Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1778 until 1780. De Klerk's date of birth is not known but he was baptised on 19 November 17... Willem Arnold Alting (1780-1796): a Dutch colonial administrator who served as Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1780 to 1797. Born in Groningen, Alting studied ... Pieter Gerardus van Overstraten (1796-1801): Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1796 until 1801. He was the last Governor-General of the Dutch East India Company, which was... Johannes Siberg (1801-1805): Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1801 to 1805, during which time control of the Dutch Indies passed from the Dutch East India ... Albertus Henricus Wiese (1805-1808): Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1805 to 1808, during which time the United Provinces became, during the French Revolutionary... Herman Willem Daendels (1808-1811): a Dutch politician who served as the 36th Governor General of the Dutch East Indies between 1808 and 1811. Louis Bonaparte made Daendels col... Jan Willem Janssens (1811): a Dutch nobleman, soldier and statesman who served both as the governor of the Cape Colony and governor-general of the Dutch East Indies. Bo... Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound (1811): a Scottish diplomat and politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1776 and 1795. He was viceroy of the short-lived Anglo-Corsican K... Stamford Raffles (1811-1816): a British statesman, Lieutenant-Governor of British Java (1811–1815) and Governor-General of Bencoolen (1817–1822), best known for his f... Stamford Raffles (1816): a British statesman, Lieutenant-Governor of British Java (1811–1815) and Governor-General of Bencoolen (1817–1822), best known for his f... Godert van der Capellen (1816-1826): a Dutch statesman from Utrecht. He was made Prefect of Friesland in 1808 and soon thereafter Minister of the Interior and a member of the Pr... Leonard du Bus de Gisignies (1826-1830): a soldier and politician in the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. He was born as Leonard Pierre Joseph Dubus, but on 14 June 1822, de Gisig... Johannes van den Bosch (1830-1833): Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (1830–1833), commander of the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army, Minister of Colonies, and Min... Jean Chretien Baud (1833-1836): Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1833 until 1836. He was a civil servant and politician who served under William I and Willia... Dominique Jacques de Eerens (1836-1840): a Dutch major general, politician and administrator, Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies and knight of the Military William Order. He ... Carel Sirardus Willem van Hogendorp (1840-1841): acting Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies in 1840–1841. After having distinguished himself in a mutiny on the warship Neptunus, he... Pieter Merkus (1841-1844): a Dutch colonial administrator and Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1841 to 1844. He also served as governor of the Molucca Is... Joan Cornelis Reynst (1844-1845): acting Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies in 1844–1845. Jan Jacob Rochussen (1845-1851): a Dutch politician. He served as Finance Minister from 1840 to 1843 and Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1845 to 1851. He serv... Albertus Jacobus Duymaer van Twist (1851-1856): the Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1851 to 1856. In the middle of the nineteenth century led the moderate liberals (moderate... Charles Ferdinand Pahud (1856-1861): the Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies in 1856–1861. Cinchona pahudiana, the variety of C. calisaya introduced to the Dutch East In... -all-BelgiumChinaCubaEnglandFranceGreeceIrelandItalyMaltaNetherlandsSpainWales Hendrik Brouwer 1581 1606 1643 1643, Aug 7 Agostino Faenzo unknown 1607 Knight of St. Stephen James Harris unknown 1608 One of Roberts's crew. Murat Reis the Elder 1534 1560 1608/38 1608/9/38 an Albanian privateer and admiral of the Ottoman Navy. He is regarded as one of the most importan... John Oxenham 1536 1570 Elizabethan Sea Dog and associate of Sir Francis Drake during the early years of the Anglo-Spanis... Jan Claasen unknown 1590 Dutch privateer in the service of Spain in 1599. He sailed from the port of Duinkerken. He attack... Adriaan Dirksen unknown 1590 Dirksen was vice-admiral and member of the board of admirals of Duinkerken in 1597. In May 1599 h... Amyas Preston unknown 1590 an English privateer of the Elizabethan period. Prestin came from Cricket St Thomas in Somerset. ... Elizabeth Shirland 1577 1590 she was born around 1577 in Devonshire, England. Elizabeth and some of her family joined a group ... Anthony Shirley 1565 1590 an English traveller, whose imprisonment in 1603 by King James I caused the English House of Comm... Cornelius Goll unknown 1598 Mahieu Jacobsen unknown 1599 Privateer in the service of Spain at the end of the 16th and at the beginning of the 17th century... Nicholas Alvel unknown 1600 an English pirate active in the Ionian Sea during the early 17th century. There is very little ad... Laurens Cortsen unknown 1600 Privateer active in 1601 from the port of Duinkerken. In this year he was captured and he and his... The Lord of Wackene unknown 1600 The lord of Wackene, Cathen and Capelle (Anton) was born in the house of Burgundy. He was a priva... Frans Pleite unknown 1600 Privateer sailing from Duinkerken. He had a letter of marque from Spain. In August 1600 he sailed... Frans Willemsen unknown 1600 William Baughe unknown 1609 operated off the coast of Ireland. ...... English pirate, worked around Ireland. Peter Boniton unknown 1609 Executed in France ...... English pirate. He served in the Caribbean and challenged on everyo... Peter Love unknown 1590 an English pirate, said to have been born in Lewes, Sussex. He was the captain of the Priam, and ... Sir Francis Verney 1584 1608 an English adventurer, soldier of fortune, and pirate. A nobleman by birth, he left England after... William Hughs unknown 1611 Toby Glanville unknown 1600 Captured in 1613, committed suicide Michael Duppa unknown 1613 pirate, plundering ships near Mamora, Morocco. n William Clark [1] unknown 1614 Associated with James Gentleman James Gentleman unknown 1614 David Middleton unknown 1601 Thomas Francke unknown 1608 Sir Henry Mainwaring 1587 1610 an English lawyer, soldier, author, seaman and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 16... Pietro Dortolo Giovon unknown 1616 Barbary corsair. Richard Bishop 1550 ca 1561 Pirate of the Mediterranean and the Atlantic. ..... English pirate. He served in the Mediterra... William Parker unknown 1587 an English captain and privateer, and also Mayor of Plymouth. He was born near Plymouth and wa... Christopher Newport 1561 1588 an English seaman and privateer. He is best known as the captain of the Susan Constant, the large... Sir Walter Raleigh 1554 ca 1569 an English landed gentleman, writer, poet, soldier, politician, courtier, spy, and explorer. He i... Andreas Ferletich unknown 1618 John Ward [1] 1552/53 1590 a notorious English pirate around the turn of the 17th century who later became a Barbary Corsair... Captain Simon Danziker 1579 ca 1600 a 17th-century Dutch privateer and corsair. Danseker and the English pirate John Ward were the tw... Ivan Dirkie De Veenboer unknown 1600 a 17th-century Dutch corsair. A privateer during the Eighty Years' War, he later turned to pirac... Ward [2] unknown 1600 One of the first English pirates to establish himself on the Barbary coast in North Africa. By th... Peter Easton [1] 1570 1602 a pirate in the early 17th century who operated along the Newfoundland coastline between Harbour ... Giulio Barbolani Dei Conti De Montauto unknown 1610 Knight of Saint Stephen ..... Probably Italian pirate, known as the Knights of St. Stephen. He al... Captain Bishop [1] unknown 1610 An Irishman. Chief mate to the pirate Captain Cobham. Bishop [2] unknown 1610 In 1613, Bishop and a few other English seamen set up as pirates at Marmora on the Barbary Coast. Cornelis Danielsen unknown 1610 Daniëlsen was a Dutch privateer who was active in the 17th century. On 31 May of 1619 he attacke... Jennings unknown 1610 A Welshman who in 1613 was settled on the Barbary coast with some thirty other British pirates. Cornelis Brackman Danialsen unknown 1619 Brother Gualterotti Bardi unknown 1616 Probably of Italian origin. Member of the Knights of Malta. Sailed in the Mediterranean, plunderi... Juan Garcia unknown 1622 a 17th-century Spanish privateer. He was among a number of Spaniards who served the Spanish Crown... Cornelis Wittebol unknown 1622 Dutch corsair in Spanish service. In February 1622, attacked a fishing fleet from the Veere and M... Sampson Denball unknown 1624 traveled to Tunisia, converted to Islam and made ??several raids, arrested in 1624 and sent to th... Filips van Zuylen unknown 1624 As part of the Groot Desseyn plan, he was particularly active against the Portuguese in West Afri... Hendrik Worst unknown 1624 Dutch corsair who accompanied Pieter Schouten in his expedition to the West Indies. Joost van Dyk unknown 1615 a Dutch privateer (and, reportedly, sometime pirate) who was one of the earliest European settler... Pieter Schouten unknown 1622 a 17th-century Dutch corsair and privateer. He was one of the first Dutchmen to explore to the Ca... Willem Jacobszoon unknown 1624 Dutch corsair who accompanied Pieter Schouten on one of the first major expeditions to the West I... Claes Gerritszoon Compaen 1587 1621 a 17th-century Dutch corsair and merchant. Dissatisfied as a privateer for the Dutch Republic, he... Brother Francesco Carafa unknown 1625 Knight of Malta. Captain General of Galleys Hendrick Jacobszoon Lucifer 1583 1627 a Dutch-born pirate. Hendrick's last name, Lucifer, referred to a lighting stick, not to the fall... Dirck Simonszoon van Uitgeest unknown 1628/29 1628/29 unknown Dutch corsair who commanded a WIC expedition to Brazil bringing back over 12 Portuguese and Spani... Jan Janszoon 1570 1600 one of the most succesful corsairs of the Mediterranean sea. Like so many Dutch pirates Jan, of t... Li Dan unknown 1600 a prominent early 17th century Chinese merchant originally from Quanzhou in Fujian province. Li o... Piet Hein 1577, Nov 25 1607 a Dutch admiral and privateer for the Dutch Republic during the Eighty Years' War between the Uni... Henry Chandler unknown 1610 Born in Devonshire, his father kept a chandler's shop in Southwark. An English renegado at Algier... Jan Jacobsen 1588/89 1610 a Flemish naval commander and Dunkirker during the Eighty Years' War. He became a posthumous hero... John Browne unknown 1620 An English sailor who joined the Barbary pirates at Algiers and turned Mohammedan. Taken in the E... Balduino Enrico unknown 1620 a Dutch privateer who starred in the famous assault to Puerto Rico of 1625. Baudouin Enrico is th... Pedro de la Plesa unknown 1620 a 17th-century Spanish privateer. He served as a Dunkirker in the service of the Spanish Crown du... Captain Samson unknown 1620 English pirate who was active in the seventeenth century. Captured the ship the Vergulde Leeuw, C... Dirck Simonszoon van Uitgeest 1590 ca 1620 Dutch pirate, he worked at the northern coast of South America. Challenged the Spanish and Portug... Jan Marinus van Sommelsdijk unknown 1620 Former Dutch privateer turned Barbary corsair. He attacked the Dutch ship St. Jan Babtista under ... Villa Rise unknown 1620 In the year 1621 this Moorish pirate commanded a small squadron of five vessels which took an Eng... Dierick Ruyters unknown 1618 Pieter Adriaanszoon Ita 1597 1628 a 17th-century Dutch corsair and privateer. He was also an admiral in the Dutch West India Compan... Hendrick Corneliszoon Loncq unknown 1628 Jan Gijsbertszoon Booneter unknown 1630 pirate attacking Spanish ships and colonies of the Caribbean. ..... Dutch pirate, he worked in... John Downes unknown 1631 raided the south of Cornwall. Jonathan de Neckere unknown 1631 John Nutt unknown 1620 a 17th-century English pirate. He was one of the more notorious brigands of his time raiding the ... Dixie Bull unknown 1631 an English sea captain, and the first pirate known to prey on shipping off the New England coast,... Jan Janszoon van Hoorn unknown 1629 Gabrielle Chambres de Boisbaudrant unknown 1634 Knight of Malta ... French, Maltese knight and pirate. He was killed by the Ottoman galley at... David Jones unknown 1634 Elizabetha Patrickson unknown 1634 The poignant case of Elizabetha Patrickson and her husband William is in the same vein. The coupl... Johannes van Walbeeck 1602 1634 a Dutch navigator and cartographer during a 1620s circumnavigation of the earth, an admiral of th... Sussex Camock unknown 1625 an English privateer who was involved in establishing the Providence Island colony, a Puritan col... Liu Xiang unknown 1620 Jacob Collaart unknown 1625 a Flemish admiral who served as privateer and one of the Dunkirkers in Spanish Habsburg service d... William Cobb unknown 1635 Michiel Dorne unknown 1638 Jacob Willekens 1564/71 1590 a Dutch admiral on a fleet to the Dutch Indies, and a herring seller, who went to sea again at th... Nathaniel Butler 1577/78 1619 an English privateer who later served as the colonial governor of Bermuda during the early 17th c... Moses Cohen Henriques unknown 1620 a Dutch pirate of Portuguese Sephardic Jewish origin active in the Caribbean against Spain and Br... Jan van Ryen unknown 1620 a 17th-century Dutch privateer, explorer, and colonist. He was granted a commission by the Dutch ... Filips van Dorp 1587 ca 1630 Lieutenant-Admiral of Zeeland in 1632. He became the Lieutenant- Admiral of Holland and West-Frie... Jan Evertsen 1600, Feb 1 1630 a Dutch admiral during the 17th century. His greatest successes were in 1628 preventing the inter... Thomas Gayner unknown 1630 English privateer who received a commission of Prince Frederik Hendrik of Orange in 1633. Gayner ... Cornelis Janszoon de Haan unknown 1630 Dutch privateer in the seventeenth century. Captain of a men-of-war that was engaged with two pri... Melis Karelszn unknown 1630 Privateer in the 17th century who operated from Oostende. In the summer of 1634 he was steersman ... Captain Petit unknown 1630 French filibuster. Of San Domingo. In 1634 was in command of Le Ruze, crew of forty men and... Mathieu Romboutsen unknown 1630 Dutch corsair in the service of Spain. Was part of a three ship squadron under Jacques Colaert an... Daniel Elfrith unknown 1607 a 17th-century English privateer, colonist and slave trader. In the service of the Earl of Warwic... Zheng Zhilong 1604 1623 a Chinese merchant, pirate and military leader in the late Ming dynasty who later defected to the... Samuel Axe unknown 1629 an English privateer in Dutch service during the early 17th century. In 1635, he accepted Dutch l... William Rous unknown 1631 a 17th-century English privateer in the service of the Providence Island Company. He started as a... William Jackson [1] unknown 1639 an English privateer who, based in Guanaja and Roatan, was in the service of the Providence Islan... Cornelius Corneliszoon Jol 1597 1620 a 17th-Century Dutch corsair and admiral in the Dutch West India Company during the Eighty Years'... A buccaneer captain who was in 1640 temporarily appointed "President" of Tortuga Island by the Pr... Francisco Díaz Pimienta unknown 1630 Spanish privateer and general in the Spanish army. He commanded the Spanish fleet that attacked a... James Riskinner unknown 1630 a 17th-century English privateer who operated from Providence Island against Spanish shipping dur... William Rudyerd unknown 1630 Muster master General of the Island of Providence colony from 1630 - 1634. In 1634 he returned to... Frederico Langravio d'Assia unknown 1640 Knight of Malta. Captain General of the Galleys..... Probably pirate Italian and Maltese knigh... Don Antonio Maldonado de Texeda unknown 1640 Privateer who commanded a Spanish fleet that included two generals of the Brazil fleet: Don Juan ... Pierre Paulusen unknown 1640 Dutch privateer employed by Spain. On 30 May 1644 he captured a Dutch hooker ship and ransomed it... Catalina de Erauso unknown 1585 Jean Le Vasseur unknown 1642 Rupert unknown 1640 After an adventurous life as a soldier on the Continent, he sailed from Ireland in 1648 with seve... Abraham Blauvelt 1600 ca 1630 a Dutch privateer and explorer mapping much of Central America in the 1630s, after whom both the ... Cornelis Evertsen the Elder 1610, Aug 4 1626 a Dutch admiral. In 1626 Cornelis is first mentioned as actually serving on sea, during a private... Major Samuel Smith unknown 1640 Buccaneer. At one time a buccaneer with the famous Mansfield. In 1641 he was sent, by the Governo... Grillo Diego unknown 1620 Spanish but worked for the French, Hanged Diego Grillo unknown 1639 There are relatively few historical records of Diego el mulato Grillo, and they are not all consi... Pierre Le Grand unknown 1620 or 1660 a French buccaneer of the 17th century. He is known to history only from one source, Alexandre Ex...	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729556
__label__wiki	0.928252	0.928252	Rail network in Kashmir comes under attack Nearly two feet of the rail route in Kashmir, India was blown up by militants near the Pulwama district, affecting train services from north to south Kashmir. The blast came a few days after militants fought with the Indian army in the area, thereby killing fourteen people. “There were no casualties, as no trains were running when the militants set off a powerful bomb on the railway track,” said Aijaz Ahmad, a local police official. He added that train services have been temporarily suspended. According to police, the attackers detonated an Improvised Explosive Device (IED) near Galbug at about 10 PM local time (4:30 PM UTC), Thursday night. Two feet of the rail track on the Qazigund-Baramulla area was damaged. This track was developed two years ago, police sources stated. The attack came just before senior officers were supposed to inspect ongoing works in the Kashmiri railways. The track was repaired on Friday morning and train services resumed in the region. Kamal Saine, Deputy Inspector General of Police, south Kashmir, told the Press Trust of India agency that the damage to the track was not significant and it took a short time to mend it.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729557
__label__cc	0.738045	0.261955	« Newsweek's Excuse Du Jour: It's The Pentagon's Fault \| Main \| Kuwait Suffrage A Reality » Annan To US: Don't Forget Our Impotence Sometimes the United Nations acts as if it wants to provide do-it-yourself satire for websites like Scrappleface and The Onion. Today's example comes from Kofi Annan himself, who warned the Bush administration that any attempt to hold Iran accountable for its violations of the non-proliferation treaty would run into UN Security Council impotence: U.N. Secretary-General Kofi Annan warned the Bush administration that the Security Council might deadlock if asked to punish Iran for its nuclear program. The United States and Britain have called for Iran to be brought before the Security Council if it carries out threats to resume efforts to make nuclear fuel. The United States and Britain believe the fuel could be used for bombs, while Iran contends that it is to generate power. China and Russia, which have strong economic ties to Iran, might veto any push to sanction Iran, Annan suggested in interviews with USA TODAY. "Action or inaction will have a great impact on future cases and on our efforts to promote nuclear non-proliferation," Annan said. A deadlock on Iran, he said, could embolden North Korea and future North Koreas. In other words, the UN can continue to "promote" nuclear non-proliferation only to the extent that it not be asked to enforce it. Besides being an unintentionally hilarious admission of powerlessness, it also perfectly encapsulates why the current American administration puts so little trust in Turtle Bay and its current leadership. The US and the EU-3 have worked for years to get Iran to stop producing weapons-grade materials for an energy program they don't need in order to ensure that the Iranian mullahs can't develop a nuclear weapon. The Iranians have resisted all negotiations that work towards keeping them within the limitations of the treaty which they signed and which the UN ultimately enforces. Now that the Iranians have proven intransigent, the US and UK want to refer this to the UN, and the Secretary-General has already thrown in the towel, declaring such a move useless. This comes as no surprise to either country. The same thing happened in the run-up to the Iraq War. We took the issue to the UN, which refused to do anything about resolving its twelve-year standoff with Saddam Hussein -- twelve years while Hussein committed genocide against the Shi'a, the Kurds, and the Marsh Arabs that opposed his iron-fisted rule. Despite an undeniable and admitted twelve-year record of non-cooperation and non-compliance with UNSC resolutions, including the cease-fire that stopped the Coalition from marching on Baghdad in 1991, the UN chose to do nothing in response. We know by experience that the UN is incompetent, impotent, and corrupt. It's hilarious that the leader of the organization feels it necessary to publicly warn the Anglosphere of the first two in such a bald manner. Posted by Ed Morrissey at May 16, 2005 12:00 PM Listed below are links to weblogs that reference Annan To US: Don't Forget Our Impotence: » Kofi Threatens to Shake Finger from Cranial Cavity KTM admits his and the Security Councils utter incompetence.U.N. Secretary-General Kofi Annan warned the Bush administration that the Security Council might deadlock if asked to punish Iran for its nuclear program. The United States and Britain have... [Read More] Tracked on May 16, 2005 6:41 PM	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729560
__label__cc	0.677448	0.322552	Home News Investor Info 2019 Investor Info Chroma to Acquire 20% Stake of Camtek - Strategic Investment and Alliance in Development of Metrology and Inspection Solutions Taoyuan, Taiwan (R.O.C.) February 11, 2019 – Leading high precision test and measurement equipment provider Chroma Ate Inc. (TAIEX: 2360) today announced to enter into a definitive agreement to acquire 20% shares of Camtek (Nasdaq and TASE: CAMT) a leading manufacturer of metrology and inspection equipment in cash transaction of US$ 74 million. Chroma will acquire a total of 6,117,440 shares from Priortech (the controlling shareholder of Camtek) and a further 1,700,000 new shares issued by Camtek with cash payment of US$ 9.50 per share. The total cash transaction will be US$ 74 million, equivalent to NT$ 2.3 billion. After the completion of the investment, the Company shall acquire 7,817,440 ordinary shares of Camtek, representing approximately 20.5% of the issued and outstanding shares of Camtek. The transaction is expected to close in the end of second quarter 2019, subject to approval by relevant regulatory authorities, Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS), Taiwan Overseas Chinese and Foreign Investment Commission (MOEAIC). “In 3D Metrology, Chroma have already developed White Light Interferometry (WLI), covered several high precision and large object testing and measurement applications. Today, through this strategic investment and alliance, we are able to utilize Camtek’s Triangulation technology (patented), which will strengthen Chroma’s 3D metrology capabilities of serving broad set of fast growing industries, including fabricated metals, Pouch Cell (for EV), Photovoltaic Cell. The strategic alliance and synergistic relationship will accelerate both parties’ technology development and future collective growth.” said Leo Huang, Chroma’s Chairman & CEO. Rafi Amit, Camtek’s CEO, commented, “Today we signed agreements of strategic importance for Camtek, whereby Camtek is gaining an important shareholder that will enable it to strengthen its presence in Asia in general, and in Taiwan in particular. Together with Chroma, we will be able to benefit from our technology capabilities beyond the traditional semiconductors markets. I am proud by the vote of confidence that our technology and market position has today gained from a leading Asian-based corporation and I am sure that this is the beginning of a long-term and synergistic relationship that will benefit both, Camtek and Chroma.” As part of the Investment, Camtek will license to Chroma its triangulation technology for non-semiconductor applications. Furthermore, the parties agreed to cooperate in potential projects based on synergies between their inspection and metrology technologies for the semiconductors market with the expectation of launching new competitive products in the market to further expand the Company’s market share and enhance the group’s growth. After closing of the transaction, Chroma will be entitled to two directors of Camtek Board. Chroma Ate Inc. will host an investors conference for the fourth quarter financial results 2018, on Thursday, February 21 2019 at Far Eastern Plaza Hotel Taipei. The detailed information of above-mentioned deal will be released in the conference. Press Release Contact Jennifer Chien, Director (03) 327 – 9936 jennifer@chroma.com.tw About Chroma ATE Inc. Chroma Ate Inc. (TAIEX: 2360) was founded in November 1984. Chroma is a world leading own brand manufacturer of high precision test and measurement instrument and automated test systems, intelligent manufacturing systems, semiconductors testers and turnkey solutions. Chroma serves in power electronic related components industries, Electric Vehicle and clean technology industries, while serving system level testing (SLT) for GPU, AI, Auto IC and 3D sensing markets. Chroma’s headquarters is located in Taoyuan, Hwa-Ya Technology Park, with engineering service offices worldwide including China, Europe, Taiwan and United States. For more information please visit our company website: www.chromaate.com About Camtek Ltd. Camtek Ltd. (NASDAQ: CAMT) is a leading manufacturer of metrology and inspection equipment and a provider of software solutions serving the Advanced Packaging, Memory, CMOS Image Sensors, MEMS, RF and other segments in the mid end of the semiconductor industry. Camtek provided dedicated solutions and crucial yield-enhancement data, enabling manufacturers to improve yield and drive down their product costs. With eight offices around the world, Camtek has best-in-class sales and customer support organization, providing tailor-made solutions in line with customers’ requirements. The Company website: www.camtek.com Chroma_PR-toAcquire_20of_Camtek-EN.pdf (120.6KB)	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729563
__label__wiki	0.978557	0.978557	Adam Sandler, Charlie Puth mourn Cameron Boyce's passing Writer: Florey DM Adam Sandler mourns the death of his on-screen son, Cameron Boyce. 8 Jul – "Too young. Too sweet. Too funny," Adam Sandler posted hours earlier on his Instagram, upon hearing of young actor Cameron Boyce's sudden passing. "Just the nicest, most talented, and most decent kid around. Loved that kid," Sandler added. It's been almost six years since their last movie together, "Grown Ups 2", was released but it seems that Sandler still has a soft spot for the Disney star who played his son Keithie in both the 2010 "Grown Ups" and its 2013 sequel. 20-year-old Boyce passed away in his sleep, which a spokesperson on behalf of the Boyce family told ABC News, "was a result of an ongoing medical condition for which he was being treated." Apart from Sandler, many others, celebrities and fans alike, expressed their condolences online, including Disney CEO Bob Iger, who paid tribute to the late actor on his Twitter. Singer Charlie Puth, despite not knowing Boyce personally, also posted a message for the late actor as Puth said that "it looks like he was someone who exuded wonderful, positive feelings and was a role model to many." "Let his legacy live on and inspire millions more to carry themselves in the same way. He will be missed, but will still always be here," the singer stated. Boyce shot to fame for starring in Disney TV and movie series including "Jessie" and "Descendants", and was earlier this year cast in HBO's "Mrs. Fletcher" (which is now among his posthumous releases). Apart from Sandler's movies, he was previously seen on the big screen in movies like "Mirrors" and "Judy Moody and the Not Bummer Summer." His upcoming posthumous works include "Descendants 3" and "Paradise City". (Photo source: Ceng News) Cinema Online, 08 July 2019 Charlie Puth on "Furious 7" OST, "See You Again" The feature singer of the "Furious 7" OST, "See You Again", talks about the journey behind the successful song Best Adam Sandler movies Here are our picks for the 5 best Adam Sandler movies before his latest, "The Cobbler", hits screens tomorrow! "Grown Ups 2" coming soon Adam Sandler is interested in shooting a second instalment for "Grown Ups" soon, despite the negative reviews for the first.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729564
__label__wiki	0.516084	0.516084	Bainimarama: "We need to change" Released today at 12.25pm Prime Minister Commodore Voreqe Bainimarama is determined to transform the nation into a new and better Fiji. Speaking to army officers during a Commander’s parade at the Queen Elizabeth Barracks, PM Bainimarama reaffirmed the Republic of the Fiji Military Forces stand in ensuring Fiji’s political reforms and getting rid of all forms of corruption. “What is actually taking place here is what transpired from our undertaking since 2000 in this military camp, some of our fellow soldiers were victims of that incident in November and I would like to remind you again that we need to change how Fiji is being led and I do not want what happened in May 2000 to be repeated. “We have to change the attitude of leadership in 2006 and we have made our stand and elections has been reflected in the Charter that a new system of election should be implemented,elections will never take place with the current old system,” he said. In emphasizing President Ratu Iloilo’s decision for Fiji to return to parliamentary democracy by September 2014, PM Bainimarama stressed that though 5 years may seem to be a long time it will in fact be short and changes in the form of quick implementation of programmes that are geared towards development at all levels ranging from local,provincial to national will be the immediate priority of Government. “The Military needs to support the vanua and the Government as we implement all necessary changes before the 2014 elections,”Prime Minister Bainimarama said. Published by Coup 4.5 at 5:18 PM Yes I agree, we need change; Iloilo, Baninimnarama and their goons to jail and back with a democratic order!	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729566
__label__wiki	0.97168	0.97168	When To Use Open Source in the Enterprise -- And When To Avoid It Open source software has matured, it's better supported and more organizations are giving it a try. by Deborah Gage The recent collaboration between Rackspace and NASA on the open source cloud called OpenStack marks a turning point for open source software projects, which creative IT people have hidden away from their bosses for years. RackSpace, a Web hosting provider, and NASA, the nation's space agency -- which has been developing a scalable, secure cloud for its scientists -- agreed to donate their code to a non-profit, and 27 companies (mostly technology vendors) signed up to participate. [login] For RackSpace, OpenStack is a chance to avoid getting locked in to some other vendor's cloud software and to focus on what it does best -- managing data centers, the company says. NASA, which has been under pressure from the government to cut its costs, gets access to new outside technology for free. Has your organization been looking more closely at open source software? More have -- it's matured, it's better supported and it looks more appealing since the recession, according to Jay Lyman, an analyst with The 451 Group. Another analyst, IDC, has boosted its prediction for how fast global revenue from open source will grow to over 22.4 percent per year. But open source is not always the right decision. Here are four advantages, and four disadvantages, of using open source software. Please add your own experiences in the comment section below. 1) Less cost At the end of last year, The 451 Group surveyed 1700 users, and 83 percent of them said open source met or exceeded their expectations, including cost. The survey didn't quantify cost savings, but even commercial products based on open source, like SugarCRM, sell for substantially less than their commercial competitors. SugarCRM's price also includes support. 2) More flexibility Not only do open source users have access to source code, but open source software is modular, which makes it a good environment for plug-ins that can make the software better suited to you, Lyman says. "No matter what happens to the vendor or the product, you've got a code base and you can keep using it." 3) Better performance and reliability Open source has proliferated through the software stack - from operating systems to databases to middleware to programming languages to applications -- and there are more chances to tune it. More vendors and systems integrators participate in open source too -- Microsoft, Intel, IBM, Accenture and Google, to name a few. "Customers will look to their suppliers to weed through the software -- they don't care if it's open source, and they shouldn't have to," Lyman says. 4) Avoiding vendor lock-in The dangers of tying yourself into someone else's code -- and paying for expensive licenses to hang on to it -- receded as more software was developed for the Web, but with the rise of cloud computing, those concerns are back. Look no farther than Rackspace, which has pledged that OpenStack will be designed, developed and documented in the open. And here are some disadvantages: 1) Expecting open source to be free It's free to use, but you still have to support it, and support costs can grow fast. You can either hire someone to help with support or do it yourself, but unless you're comfortable with the variety of issues that can come up -- installation, missing drivers, licensing (see below) and so on -- and unless you know your way around the open source community, you're better off hiring help. 2) Potential licensing difficulties It's important to know which open source license applies to your software, especially if you plan to redistribute any code. Organizations that support Linux can often help with this, and The Linux Foundation is expanding its help with licensing issues, says vice president Amanda McPherson. 3) The lack of champions You need experts inside your organization who can show you how the open source community works. "Unless you have a person who's really into it and knows how to surf the forums and support themselves, it's a difficult process," Lyman says. "It can be rewarding, but it's a painful learning process. Don't be afraid to seek out help -- I think there's greater appreciation of that now (even on the forums). You can write elegant software, but it doesn't matter if no one is using it." 4) Thinking that open source is always best for the job Sometimes it's not. Factors to consider, in addition to licensing, support and implementation issues, are the maturity of the software, according to Forrester. How much are you able to customize the software? How much do you risk pushing it to do something it wasn't designed to do? Deborah Gage is an award-winning journalist who has been writing about business and technology from Silicon Valley for over 15 years.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729571
__label__wiki	0.668831	0.668831	Joel McHale Is Selling His Luxury Home For $2.4 Million By Arie Abekasis\| 2017-01-25T03:42:28-07:00 January 21st, 2017\|luxury design\|0 Comments “Community” star Joel McHale is selling his luxury home in Los Angeles, California for a humongous sum of $2,395,000, says the Hollywood Reporter. 5 Things You Need to Know About Joel McHale’s $2.4M L.A. Home Although we still miss his weekly look at trashy television on “The Soup,” McHale will be starring in the upcoming sitcom “The Great Indoors” on CBS. We counted up five things you should know about his luxury home in the Los Feliz… Read more at Realtor.com Joel McHale’s luxury home is built during the 1940’s, the 3,500-sq.ft. luxury home was renovated and designed by Joel’s wife and Elizabeth Gordon. Comedian Joel McHale sells his home in Los Feliz for over the asking price McHale, who now lives in Studio City, had an offer in hand for the 1940s Traditional in seven days and closed the sale in about a month, records show. He bought the house nine years ago for $1.88 million… Read more at LA Times Joel shares his feelings on the premiere episode of ‘The Bachelor’ and he reveals that he misses making fun of it. Tennis Legend Ivan Lendl Offers Connecticut Luxury Estate For $19.8M By Arie Abekasis\| 2017-01-18T16:26:15-07:00 November 25th, 2016\|luxury design, luxury homes, luxury real estate\|0 Comments Tennis extraordinaire Ivan Lendl has recommitted to coaching the recent Wimbledon champ Andy Murray, and he’s recommitted to offering his luxurious Connecticut estate for $19,750,000. The 8-time Grand Slam champion had beforehand recorded the 450-section of land property in 2014 at a similar price tag. Tennis Titan Ivan Lendl Serves Up His $19.8M Connecticut Estate There’s no doubt they’ll miss driving down a tree-lined lane, through meadows and pastures, to reach the entrance to their 25,000-square-foot mansion with 10 bedrooms,12 bathrooms, and three half-baths. The grand rooms, including a ballroom-size living room, feature polished wood plank floors, ornate custom molding and wainscoting, crystal… Read more at Realtor.com This luxurious mansion is fit for a world-class champion athlete, it has sports amenities which include a lower-level gym of more than 1,800 sq. ft., a basketball court and a separate tennis court, a workout room with sauna, indoor and outdoor pools, and a game room. Buy Ivan Lendl’s 450 Acre Connecticut Estate For Just $19,750,000 Are you looking for your forever home? Can you afford a $79,000 mortgage payment — per month? Yes? Ivan Lendl has just the place you’ve been looking for. He has returned to the real estate world with his 450-acre Connecticut estate that has been on-and-off the market over the years. The new price is just $19,750,000. Before you freak out… Read more at Busted Coverage Underground Los Angeles Mansion Is No Prepper Palace By Arie Abekasis\| 2017-10-15T09:48:12-07:00 November 2nd, 2016\|luxury builders, luxury design, luxury home builders, luxury homes, luxury real estate\|2 Comments A work of art perched high above LA with unobstructed 180-degree views stretching from Santa Monica Bay, the Westside, and Downtown L.A. to the San Gabriel Mountains Hacienda De La Paz Listed by Christophe Choo of Coldwell Banker Previews International in Beverly Hills at $48 million. Hacienda de la Paz is an awe-inspiring work of art and engineering. Positioned in L.A.’s preeminent equestrian community, the authentic Spanish estate is the only U.S. residence designed by world-renowned architect Rafael Manzano Martos. 17 years in the making, this private palace is perched 1100 ft. above L.A. at the crest of the Palos Verdes Peninsula in the 24 hr. guard-gated city of Rolling Hills; one of the safest and wealthiest cities in America. Breathtaking and unencumbered 180-degree panoramic vistas encompass the beaches, downtown and the San Gabriel Mountains. Amenities include a 10,000 sq. ft. hamam spa fit for a king, 15,000 sq. ft. neoclassical grand ballroom, 2 tennis courts; indoor hard court & outdoor clay court, 2 swimming pools; indoor & outdoor, access to 57 miles of equestrian & hiking trails, guesthouse, bocce court, gym, yoga room, wine cellar, catering facilities, geothermal heating & cooling system, elevators, 6 car garage and motor court. Approx. 8 acres. Hacienda de la Paz is the most misunderstood mansion in Los Angeles. When people hear that 31,000 of its 51,000 total square feet are underground, they assume it’s a bizarrely built bomb shelter. Not so, dear reader. But there is a pragmatic reason for its subterranean sprawl: local politics. The estate is located in one of the wealthiest suburbs of L.A., a gated hilltop called Rolling Hills, where zoning restrictions prohibit homes taller than one story, so as not to block pristine ocean views. To comply, owner John Z. Blazevich spent 17 years excavating downward to create his dream estate, which includes nine bedrooms, 25 bathrooms, a guesthouse, two tennis courts, and two pools. Envisioning an Andalusian-style country estate similar to those in Cordoba or Seville at the turn of last century, Blazevich hired architect Raphael Manzano Martos, who restored a number of Spain’s grand palaces and served as curator to Spain’s King Juan Carlos. The regal result is the only private residence Manzano Martos ever designed in the Americas. There’s also a 10,000-square-foot underground hammam, or spa, and a 15,000-square-foot indoor tennis court that doubles as a ballroom. Thousands of international craftsmen were employed to make the dream a reality, including one painter who lived and worked on-site for a decade. Three hundred Moroccan tribesmen worked on the intricately carved sandstone ceiling, archways, and capitals in the hammam. Artisans from Spain created the wooden interlocking ceilings, masons from Portugal worked on the limestone bricks in the driveways, and Spanish and Indian silk and wool experts wove the custom carpets. For some people, the joy is in the process, not the product. Once his dream was gloriously complete down to the last Valencia orange tree, Blazevich put the 8-acre estate on the market. Listed for $53 million a few years ago, the asking price was dropped to $48 million a couple of weeks ago. However, when you actually tour the grounds, as we did (covering only part of it over three hours), you begin to realize that it’s nearly impossible to put a price on it. We’ve highlighted a few of our favorite features. Everything the most committed foodie could desire Blazevich is a seafood magnate, and his fiancée, Alexandra McLeod, graduated from Le Cordon Bleu. So Hacienda de la Paz is equipped with four kitchens and two kitchenettes; several outdoor food prep spaces, one with a pizza oven; facilities for pressing oil from olives harvested on the property; and more than 100 fruit trees, including lemons, oranges, avocados, figs, and, of course, olives. There’s also a large vegetable garden, and herbs are planted around the estate, even between the steppingstones, so their fragrance will rise to greet you as you stroll the grounds. Iconic craftsmanship and artwork There are many nods to the Catholic Church, but they are more artistic and whimsical than devotional. In the ladies’ guest bathroom on the ground floor there’s an ornately carved confessional door between two stalls, perfect for chatting. There’s also a chapel with hand-painted murals and a confessional, meant for reflection and meditation rather than ceremony. These features keep with the theme of a true Andalusian estate, which historically would have accommodated a priest in residence. Surprisingly sustainable energy sources Heating and cooling systems run on geothermal power, which also heats the hammam pool. Blazevich says he has reduced his energy bill and carbon dioxide emissions by 65%, compared with a conventional HVAC system. And because designers used the same classical techniques employed in Andalusia’s great estates—sturdy adobe walls and carved wooden screens covering most of the windows—the air-conditioning system is hardly ever used. Ballroom and tennis court A-list fundraising facilities Millions of dollars have been raised at charity events held in the subterranean marble ballroom (which is also a tennis court) built into the side of the hill, which has vehicle access for deliveries and exotic autos to be displayed. The 10,000-square-foot hammam with whirlpools, massage rooms, and tearooms with silk-lined walls is perfect for “ladies’ day” fundraisers. The rest of the grounds can accommodate hundreds of people at a time. Guest bedroom So with all these custom, luxurious features, why the heck would the owners want to part with it? “It’s a little big for just the two of us, don’t you think?” Blazevich asks, explaining that now that his son has left the nest and the artisans have completed their work and gone home, the facilities don’t get used as much as they deserve. Blazevich and McLeod are ready to move on and spend more time with family in Croatia. The property is so accommodating, a multitude of possible uses comes to mind: an arts retreat, a foundation headquarters, or perhaps the bastion of one of the world’s great families. We’ll keep you posted. The post This Sumptuous Underground L.A. Mansion Is No Prepper Palace appeared first on Real Estate News and Advice – realtor.com. Modern World Luxury Home Interiors By Arie Abekasis\| 2017-01-18T16:26:50-07:00 October 7th, 2016\|luxury design, luxury homes\|0 Comments In the case that you turn into a mogul soon, you might want to own a luxury home with amazing architecture and fabulous interior design. The vanity that is yelling withing you should have extravagance considered on top of it. Luxury Living \| Modern & Contemporary Interiors With the use of glass, steel and concrete along with imaginative, striking lines, modern and contemporary interiors are bright and inviting spaces. Join us on a trip around the world as we experience some of the most captivating and inspiring modern and contemporary interiors from… Read more at Sotheby’s International Realty Cutting edge, contemporary architecture keeps on getting our consideration and core interest. Today let’s get a glance at some of the most luxurious homes with stunning architecture and interior design that we’ve seen in for a moment. Luxurious Houses With Stunning Architecture And Interior Design – 73 Photos Seeing pictures of nice big houses all day is inspiring, I know. It makes you wonder about how it is to own one of these pretty big houses, and not just dream of these luxury home interiors… See more at Design Your Way Luxury Living \| Lord Richard Attenborough’s French Riviera Retreat By Arie Abekasis\| 2017-01-18T16:28:10-07:00 July 26th, 2016\|luxury design, luxury homes\|0 Comments Decorated actor, producer, director, politician, philanthropist and entrepreneur, Lord Richard Attenborough left an unforgettable legacy to remember him by. Best known by international audiences for the two Academy Awards he received for 1983’s Ghandi, or his portrayals of Dr. John Hammond in Jurassic Park and Kris Kringle in Miracle on 34th Street, Lord Attenborough was also heavily involved with the Chelsea Football Club, the British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA) and in 2004, served as founder of the Jane Holland Creative Centre for Learning at Waterford Kamhlaba. The late Lord Richard Attenborough with his long-time wife Sheila Sim at their home in the French Riviera Nearly two years after his passing in August of 2014, Lord Attenborough’s retreat in the French Riviera is now listed with Côte d’Azur Sotheby’s International Realty. “Lord Attenborough, who acquired the plot in the 1980s, revamped the main house to include four bedrooms, three bathrooms and an open-plan living room,” said Homes & Property in their recent piece covering the momentous property. Located in the picturesque provencal village of Châteauneuf-Grasse, which dates back to the 12th century and is home to just over 3,000, this historic home is located approximately 25 kilometers from Cannes and 35 from Nice. The estate comprises approximately 10 acres of gently sloped grounds offering magnificent, uninterrupted views of the Mediterranean and the surrounding countryside, and features a swimming pool, covered patio, and hundreds of century-old olive trees. Approximately 2,500-square-feet, the main house includes six bedrooms, three bathrooms, a huge open-space living room, a magnificent study/drawing room with exposed wood-beamed ceiling, and an airy dining room with a wood-burning fireplace. The asking price for the estate is 2.500.000 € EUR and includes furniture and other select belongings of the late Lord Attenborough. Discover more about Lord Richard Attenborough’s historic retreat The post Luxury Living \| Lord Richard Attenborough’s French Riviera Retreat appeared first on Sotheby’s International Realty \| Blog. A third floor terrace is the newest solution to providing luxury outdoor spaces A third floor terrace is the newest solution to providing outdoor spaces in #highdensity communities http://bit.ly/29YISWA Luxury Homes Gain Over-the-Top Decks By Arie Abekasis\| 2017-01-18T16:28:26-07:00 July 23rd, 2016\|luxury design, luxury homes\|0 Comments Tony Demin/The Wall Street Journal The deck of Gaylen Byker’s Lake Michigan home isn’t just big. Measuring about 6,000 square feet, it’s got its own traffic lane. The Brazilian ipe wood decks are perched on a dune overlooking the lake and include an outdoor kitchen, a resistance-swimming pool, spa, fireplace and lounge areas. The traffic lane is actually an adjoining steel deck, which is used by an electric cart to shuttle visitors across a ¼-mile bridge at the base of the property. “It feels like you’re on a ship,” says Mr. Byker, 68, a retired natural-gas executive and former president of Calvin College in Grand Rapids, Mich. He considers the deck a selling point of his 8,114-square-foot modernist home in Montague, Mich. He and his wife Susan, 67, are now listing the home for $10 million, saying they want a smaller home. The backyard deck is having its moment in the sun. The size of decks and patios is rising, and architects are seeing renewed interest from luxury-home buyers—even in cold-winter markets. The shift, experts say, reflects what’s happening indoors: Walls are coming down, along with the notion of boxy, formal living spaces. Now, more developers are taking cues from the resort industry, where the outdoors shines. There is roughly 6,000 square feet of Brazilian ipe wood decking on the Lake Michigan home of Gaylen and Susan Byker. Builders are leading the charge in waterfront Malibu, Calif., where outdoor living is the rule. Developer Crown Pointe Estates is selling a 13,814-square-foot contemporary home with another 10,000 square feet of decking and patios for $22.9 million. The home, which was designed by Burdge & Associates, opens to an infinity-edge pool flanked by two heated cabanas with TVs. A separate deck off the upstairs master-bedroom suite has a six-hole putting green. Down the hall, the gym opens to an outdoor yoga and massage room. “If you don’t add that outdoor playground, you’re just getting it wrong,” says Scott Morris,the company’s director of sales. The home, completed in February, will be sold fully furnished. Now the trend is moving east. Pennsylvania-based Toll Brothers, one of the nation’s largest luxury-home builders, decided in June to begin offering options for decks and patios in all 19 states where they build, including Colorado, Washington and Minnesota. Previously the company offered outdoor rooms in fewer than half of those states. Tim Gehman, director of design at Toll Architecture, says the company is responding to demand, as homeowners get savvy about new glass walls and finely woven screens that extend the use of outdoor spaces despite inclement weather. In a national survey of more than 500 residential-architecture firms in the first quarter of 2016, the American Institute of Architects found that 69% of firms saw increased demand for outdoor living space, which is the second-highest response since the question was first asked in 2005. “It seems to be coming back stronger than in the boom,” says Kermit Baker, the AIA’s chief economist, who attributes the growth to a cultural shift away from formal living spaces. At the same time, the size of outdoor spaces is growing. Last year, the average size of decks on luxury homes was up across all regions of the country compared with 2014, according to a 1,300-builder survey by Home Innovation Research Labs, an independent subsidiary of the National Association of Home Builders. The sharpest growth was in the Northeast, where the average deck measured 406 square feet, up 53% from 2014. Adapting that California dream can take some tweaking in colder markets. “I call it ‘mountain lanai,’ ” says Bob Bowden, an Aspen-based real-estate agent and developer describing a Hawaiian-inspired, 13,068-square-foot contemporary home he built in 2009 with more than 9,000 square feet of outdoor-living space. Chilly nights on the deck are offset by fire pits and heated floors. “It was a gamble,” Mr. Bowden says, because the expansive covered decks were new for the market, and building up the outdoors meant sacrificing valuable interior square footage. The home sold for $24.5 million in 2010, near the asking price of $26 million. Now he is selling a neighboring 14,000-square-foot home for $36 million, banking on outdoor features like a heated pool with a snowmelt deck and a covered commercial-grade kitchen. Infrared heating fixtures are buried in the lighting throughout the space. In Montague, Mr. Byker’s expansive decking is central to the home. The 40-acre property’s steep slope and irregular shape make for expansive lake views, but difficult construction. The wood decks were devised to connect three detached sections of the home, each with its own outdoor amenities. The nine-bedroom, eight-bath limestone and copper home hews to a Japanese contemporary style, with 12-foot walls of sliding glass. Mr. Byker says the home is inspired by Japanese design, as well as contemporary homes in the Northwest. Walls of glass overlooking the lake open to the outdoor decks. The couple’s favorite “room” is the 900-foot rooftop sun deck, with chaise longues, a fireplace and large juniper plants, overlooking the lake and more than 800 feet of private shoreline. “It’s spectacular in the winter,” says Mr. Byker, who added that snowy decks aren’t a problem with a snowblower. The home was completed in 2011 for $10 million, including the cost of land—a third of which was spent outdoors, Mr. Byker says. The home was listed in May for the same price, but Mr. Byker says he never intended to turn a profit. He and his wife are considering building another home with an emphasis on the outdoors nearby. While unique features can make for impressive homes, they can also limit the buyer pool. In a recent survey of 100 markets by Remodeling magazine, upscale deck additions resulted in a positive net-gain in only two cities: Columbia, S.C., and Santa Rosa, Calif. The national average cost of a 320-square-foot deck with high-end composite materials was $37,943, but fetched a resale value of $21,877. The return on investment can vary greatly, depending on the market, said Craig Webb, the magazine’s editor in chief. In Salt Lake City, Alan Lang, 68, and his wife Charlene Palmer, 48, built a 13,717-square-foot, European-inspired home on 51 acres in 2004. The five-bedroom, seven-bath home has 4,000 square feet of decking on four levels with lake and city views—an unusual amenity for an area that gets an average 51 inches of snow annually. Mr. Lang, who owns a crane and equipment business, built the home on spec and sold it in 2005 for about $5.5 million, he says. The new owner is now renting it back to Mr. Lang, who is building a new home nearby. The home went back on the market in 2014 for $5.9 million with Linda Secrist of Berkshire Hathaway HomeServices and is still looking for a buyer. Ms. Secrist said there are no comparable homes in the area—the average luxury home is in the $3 million-range. Douglas Burdge, who designed the Malibu home, says he was commissioned to create a California-style home in sweltering Houston. The client installed air conditioning on the outdoor veranda. “They’re going to have a party, no matter what.” The post Luxury Homes Gain Over-the-Top Decks appeared first on Real Estate News and Advice – realtor.com. Luxury Lifestyles \| Living History \| Custom Design By Arie Abekasis\| 2017-01-18T16:28:42-07:00 July 21st, 2016\|luxury design, luxury homes\|0 Comments When considering exquisite luxury goods—paintings, sculpture, even fabrics, furniture and wine—we think of personal, highly curated items that make our living spaces distinctive and enhance the ambient experience of a particular home. In some cases, however, the home itself is the oeuvre d’art. In the art world, older isn’t always better, but revered older works do carry additional prominence, specifically the prestige of age and history that newer art hopes to acquire with time. Similarly, as beautiful homes and estates begin to acquire the patina that only decades or even centuries can bring, they take on an unmatched nobility and grandeur. There’s a certain class of buyer and homeowner—patrons, if you will—that places a premium on properties graced by time. To them, living in a historic residence is akin to living within a famous piece of art. 1.300.000 € EUR \| Como, Italy \| Italy Sotheby’s International Realty “Owning a property that stands out as a landmark or a testimony to a glorious past is like owning a unique piece of history,” says Diletta Carutti, of Italy Sotheby’s International Realty. “Historic,” of course, means something different in each part of the world. The European sense of history stretches deep—enthusiasts shopping in Florence or Rome, for instance, will encounter residences that date to the Renaissance or Baroque, vividly reflecting the décor and ornamentation of those periods. In the U.S., it might mean a colonial-era farmhouse in New England or one of the famed “cottages” of Newport. $2,995,000 USD \| Newport, Rhode Island \| Gustave White Sotheby’s International Realty “I like to point out who was president at the time the house was new,” says Russell Firestone, of TTR Sotheby’s International Realty in Washington D.C. “For clients, that really puts in perspective how old a property is, that John Adams or Thomas Jefferson was president when this house was built.” $2,500,000 USD \| Washington, D.C. \| TTR Sotheby’s International Realty Firestone says what buyers are truly looking for in older homes is character, and in particular preserved character—the house must innately reflect the time and conditions amid which it was conceived. Houses must have a strong street presence and great façade as well as specific period interior features: traditional floor plans with high ceilings; formal living rooms with entrance halls; double parlors with fireplaces; original trim work and molding; staircases with handcrafted balusters, banisters and original treads; and perhaps most important, original wide-plank flooring. Still, as much as owners embrace the way these homes offer glimpses into previous and more elegant eras, the archeological pride only goes so far. In fact, it typically stops at the kitchen and bathrooms. $3,500,000 USD \| Alexandria, Virginia \| TTR Sotheby’s International Realty American estate homes from the 18th and 19th century prioritized entertainment—hence the ornate and spacious public areas—but the bathrooms were usually rudimentary and the kitchens, designed for staff, small. As lifestyles have evolved these outdated spaces are no longer considered historically important (or desirable, or practical), and today it’s perfectly acceptable for vintage homes to feature fully remodeled and updated “private” spaces. “You want to walk through the great history and character of the interior, the foyer, the dining rooms, the living room and hallways, and then after that buyers want to walk into a new kitchen and new bathrooms,” Firestone says. Owning a famous or historic estate does bring with it a level of prestige, and that’s another part of the attraction. “There’s a social status associated with owning certain ancient properties,” says Diletta Carutti in Italy. “A lot of buyers we see are personalities in the public spotlight and they want to be able to say, ‘We own that.’” Price Upon Request \| Florence, Italy \| Italy Sotheby’s International Realty It also brings with it important maintenance and preservation responsibilities. American homes in this category often reside in historic districts with strict guidelines for improvements, often based on standards developed by the National Park Service, including what materials can be used during renovations and limitations on what can be altered. These factors not only inoculate historical residences from changing trends (something sorely lacking in the 1950’s, 60’s and 70’s) but also help uphold property values. Most European countries also have in place similar regulatory agencies to protect old and ancient structures. Preserving historic homes is not for the timid. It’s a fact of ownership that, simply due to the age of these buildings, there will be issue to be addressed and remedied. Cracked or uneven foundations due to settlement, malfunctioning doors and windows, water damage, brick deterioration and warped or slanted floors are inevitable over a lifetime of hundreds of years. Owners must have a passion for conservation. But those who undertake this level of ownership usually do appreciate and embrace it. Firestone recalls one client so determined to take his home back to its original state he had every plank of flooring removed and re-planed to repair water damage before being meticulously reinstalled. That’s not just dedication, but love. Article provided exclusively to Sotheby’s International Realty, LLC. by Derek Duncan. Discover homes searching by Lifestyle on sothebysrealty.com The post Luxury Lifestyles \| Living History appeared first on Sotheby’s International Realty \| Blog. Luxury Lifestyles \| Living History syndicated from http://www.diditangroup.com Would you LIKE to BEAT the #summer HEAT in this #pool? Would you LIKE to BEAT the #summer HEAT in this #pool? #lennarorlando #dreamhome #orlando #citybeatifulpic.twitter.com/4Vn5M8SCzi Would you LIKE to BEAT the #summer HEAT in this #pool? #lennarorlando #dreamhome #orlando #citybeatifulpic.twitter.com/4Vn5M8SCzi syndicated from http://www.diditangroup.com Luxury ‘Wave’ Home In Los Angeles Ashley Tisdale Sells Her Studio City Home for $2.66M Beautiful Laguna Beach Luxury Home Marmol Radziner’s Modern L.A. Luxury Home Design Marvel Pricey Los Angeles Mega Luxury Home Is Now For Sale Sophisticated Celebrity Luxury Homes Excellent 5-Star Review By Moshe A. – Diditan Custom Home Builders	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729572
__label__cc	0.605	0.395	Another Nor'easter Will Dump Snow This Week and Nobody's Forecast Is the Same Dennis Mersereau 3/11/2018 10:53:00 PM nor'easter snow 1 Comment Archaeologists will soon be able to tell time by observing the layers in the snowpack that's developed across the northeastern United States this month. The seeds of yet another nor'easter—the third in the past two weeks, if you're keeping count—are developing over the Ohio Valley and off the coast of the southeast this evening. The newly-minted storm will eventually hook toward New England on Monday night, where some folks may see more than a foot of snow by Wednesday morning. The current pattern dictating North America's weather over the past few weeks has allowed nor'easters to return with the weekly reliability of a bad sitcom. The storm coming up on Monday and Tuesday will be the third major winter storm in two weeks. This latest storm won't be as widely impactful as the previous two, but the folks who get heavy snow will have plenty of it come Wednesday morning. Snow will fall in two phases: the first on Sunday night and Monday in the Mid-Atlantic, and the second batch comes while the nor'easter revs up in classic fashion off the coast. The first batch of snow is already falling over the Ohio Valley this evening; some parts of Kentucky are under winter storm warnings for up to eight inches of snow. How much snow will your town get? Pick a forecast and have fun! The uncertainty in the track of the storm is leading to some interesting and diverging forecasts. Most forecasts for most spots are roughly the same, but you can see the uncertainty in the storm's track based on the forecasts for some cities. I can understand the frustration of folks who don't follow weather as a hobby as they try to grapple with the idea of forecast uncertainty. My town in North Carolina is currently expecting anywhere between zero and five inches of snow depending on whose forecast you read. A more southerly track on Sunday night and Monday could expose parts of Virginia and North Carolina to heavier snow and greater accumulations than what's currently forecast. A closer track to the coast on Monday night and Tuesday could bring the heavier snow closer inland, placing more of the Northeast in the path of heavy snow than currently forecast. Weather Prediction Center: The latest forecast from the Weather Prediction Center shows a slug of snow starting in Kentucky this evening as the storm makes its way toward the Mid-Atlantic. Rain will change over to snow north of the storm's path, likely subjecting the Appalachians and Piedmont of Virginia and North Carolina to a quick coating on Monday. Once the nor'easter blooms off the coast on Monday night and Tuesday, heavy snow bands on the northwest side of the storm will rake across New England and drop more than a foot of snow in many spots. Some of these towns still have a foot or more of snow on the ground from last week's storm. The Weather Channel: The Weather Channel's forecast is more bullish than the Weather Prediction Center's, showing anywhere from one to five inches of snow across north-central North Carolina, and one to three inches of snow in eastern New Jersey and New York City. Much of coastal New England will see a foot, with some spots coming in with more than a foot-and-a-half. Despite its taste for internet dramatics and endless reality shows on television, the Atlanta-based weather behemoth has a darn good track record when it comes to forecast accuracy. WeatherBug: The way WeatherBug sees it, a lot of people are going to get 1 to 5 of snow (inches? millimeters? corgi-lengths?) and New England is getting ready to see...dark blue? Where's the dark blue on the scale? What are the units? I have no idea what's going on here, but they're showing a lot (maybe?) in North Carolina and Virginia, and they're giving all the big eastern cities an amount of snow. We're not sure what amount that would be, but it's certainly an amount. AccuWeather: AccuWeather's forecast on Sunday afternoon showed the heaviest snow in the Mid-Atlantic falling in the Appalachian Mountains with lighter totals extending out into the Piedmont toward Richmond, Virginia. Up in New England, the heaviest snow would fall in New Hampshire and Maine. City Forecasts Here are some select forecasts for cities on the East Coast as we get closer to the event. This is what you would have seen had you checked the weather around 9:00 PM Eastern on Sunday night. Some of the forecasts are in line with each other, but they do diverge on amounts. Boston and Providence could see anywhere between 6 and 18 inches of snow depending on whose forecast you look at. New York City could between less than an inch and four inches. The difference between accumulations is often just splitting hairs—three and five inches of snow are roughly the same in terms of impacts—but a light coating of snow can pose a significant risk in rush hour traffic compared to an inch or two that gives you a chance at some traction. On the other end of the scale, 6-10" is a solid snowstorm but vehicles can easily become stranded once you enter double-digit snows. Either way, it looks like the big winners (a subjective term, of course) will be the Boston metro area, eastern New Hampshire, and the bulk of populated Maine. When it comes to significant rush hour issues, keep an eye on North Carolina, Virginia, and the Washington D.C. area. It doesn't take much snow to trigger mass panic, and if they're not calling for much tonight and there is accumulating snow tomorrow, lots of people will venture to work only to find themselves driving home in the snow and ice. [Images: WSV3 / Dennis Mersereau / TWC / WeatherBug / AccuWeather] Kevin Dejewski March 12, 2018 at 12:44 PM Assuming the WeatherBug forecast map is in inches, what's up with the scale and length of the color key? I can't imagine a situation where 191+ inches of snow are predicted within a 72 hour period. Good job guys. But in all seriousness, good job to you Dennis. Glad to see regular-ish postings from you again. I hope this venture works out for you or leads to something more substantial. A Stagnant Weather Pattern Will Give Way to More C... A Note to the New Owners of The Weather Channel Here's How Thunderstorms Are Able to Form With Tem... The East Braces for Another Snowstorm While the We... A Major Severe Weather Outbreak Is Possible in the... How the South Saw More Snow Than Washington D.C. T... Another Nor'easter Will Dump Snow This Week and No... Tricky Nor'easter Places Big Cities on Line Betwee... An Intense Windstorm Will Rake the East Coast on F...	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729573
__label__cc	0.554697	0.445303	The mission of the Friends of the Opera House is to preserve the building as a historic center for the presentation and promotion of the performing arts and activities that celebrate our sense of community. The Opera House at Enosburg Falls has been an important cultural center for the Franklin County, Vermont community since 1892. The Friends of the Opera House is a non-profit organization dedicated to maintaining and preserving the Opera House as a cultural center. Our organization recognizes the importance of working and contributing towards its mission in a productive fashion. We have respect for each other, our facility and our community. We work through collaboration and positive relationships. We value personal and professional integrity. We appreciate your feedback. Please take a minute to complete this short survey to provide valuable feedback. You can read our newsletters online on our blog. If you wish to be added to our e-mail newsletter list, just send us an e-mail Suzanne Hull-Parent, Chair Edith Hawksworth, Vice Chair Caroline Elander, Treasurer Heather Wilson, Secretary Tammy Fortin Lew Rose Heidi Britch-Valenta Sarah Tougas Staff Matthew M. Stebbins info.fotoh@gmail.com Brandi LaBounty Development Coordinator promo.fotoh@gmail.com In 1892, the Dr. B.J. Kendall Co., a manufacturer of patent medicines and the largest employer in the area, presented the Town of Enosburg and the Village of Enosburg Falls with a building which became known as the Enosburg Opera House. Located in the center of the village, this wonderful Victorian style, wood frame building soon became a local landmark. The Opera House remains a cultural center of surrounding Franklin County. Noted for its exceptional acoustics, the Opera House is a perfect venue for a wide variety of events. Over the years, audiences from near and far have listened to the strains of classical music as well as to the cadence of a John Philip Sousa march conducted by the master himself. It is no small wonder that it is on the National Historic register. In 1975, a group of local residents became concerned with the condition of the building and formed the Enosburg Opera House Association. In 1993, the Select board of the Town of Enosburg appointed a group of five area residents to form the Enosburg Opera House Restoration Committee which raised funds for necessary updates. The first restoration project took care of repairs to the roof, added another emergency exit, paid for the installation of a fire alarm system and improved the wiring. The second project, which was completed in the summer of 1996, saw the exterior of the Opera House scraped, structural repairs effected and the entire exterior of the building repainted to its original color scheme. Finally, the Restoration Committee received a grant from the Preservation Trust of Vermont to paint the interior, replace bathrooms with handicapped accessible facilities and address several immediate repair needs. In 1998, the revitalization responsibilities were handed over to the Friends of the Opera House at Enosburg Falls. The Opera House at Enosburg Falls is, and always will be, a work in progress. Thanks to funds received from a Housing and Urban Development grant and the generous response to the Capital Campaign, major infrastructure renovations to the 123-year-old historic Opera House building began. The list never ends and upkeep and maintenance are constant. Most recently, the stage floor has been refinished and the refreshment room has been insulated, properly electrified and painted - boasting an upcoming wall which can be perused while enjoying a home-baked treat! We continue on by pursuing financial opportunities. Our goal is to insulate the building making the facility more comfortable to our patrons all year round. Please consider a donation to support our efforts. You can learn more about making a donation on our "Donate" page. The Friends of the Opera House at Enosburg Falls, VT is a 501(c)3 non-profit organization. 123 Depot Street, Enosburg Falls, VT 05450 \| (802) 933-6171 \| Directions © The Opera House at Enosburg Falls, VT	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729579
__label__wiki	0.554079	0.554079	Store Catalogue \| Books \| Books & Field Guides \| New & Recommended Titles \| Mull, Iona and Ardnamurchan - Landscapes in Stone Mull, Iona and Ardnamurchan - Landscapes in Stone Lying off the south-western tip of Mull, the island of Iona has huge significance as the first important centre of Christianity in Scotland. But the Abbey itself is built upon rocks that tell of events of much greater antiquity: the Lewisian gneisses of western Iona are some of the oldest rocks in the world. Alan McKirdy explores the fascinating geology of the area - in particular the eruption of two major volcanoes around 60 million years ago whose magma chambers formed the spectacular hills and glens of the Ardnamurchan peninsula and Glen More on Mull; and the Ice Age, when glaciers ripped away much of the upper part of the two volcanoes and sandpapered the landscape to create the rounded contours we see today.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0021.json.gz/line1729588

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