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This Could Bring America To A Standstill In Days - Are These 'Doomsday Maps' Another Sign That War Is In The Air?
In one of the lead stories over at the Drudge Report from Zero Hedge they report the US is urging all nationals in North Korea to 'depart immediately' while banning tourists from visiting in a ban expected to be officially announced on July 27th and to come into effect 30 days later. Reporting "it was not clear if the urge to clear out US citizens from North Korea is a precursor to more 'aggressive' (or kinetic) action by the US government", it had previously been reported that one sign to watch out for of a possible forthcoming military strike upon NKorea were actions taken to get US citizens out of the area.
In watching for such signs, a must-read story from Mac Slavo over at SHTFPlan reports one of the reasons why we 'pay attention': "They May Have Information We Don't" Slavo tells us while asking "Are The Elite Preparing For A Cataclysmic Event?" In Slavo's story he reports upon a recent article in Forbes Magazine which "seems to be sounding the alarm that a major, cataclysmic event could be on the horizon". Slavo finds it interesting that 'mainstream' Forbes has allowed such a report.
Interestingly, as Susan Duclos reported on ANP back on June 27th of 2017, the Forbes story included the map seen below, a map that had long been labeled 'tin foil hat conspiracy' by those pressed to believe that America could ever suffer through an event that caused our nation to look like this. What do the globalists know that we don't know? The title of the Forbes story from June 10th, 2017: "The Shocking Doomsday Maps Of The World And The Billionaire Escape Plans".
One very interesting aspect about the Forbes story is that the maps they show like the one above are not limited to the United States as they show us 'doomsday maps' from South America and all around the world. So, is the map seen above still some 'tinfoil hat conspiracy theory' or something much more?
And while a massive sea-level rise or 'pole flip' might not be in the cards for America and the world any time soon, the possibilities for why we should prepare are nearly endless with one key reason traced back directly to the ZH story on North Korea. If we attempt a 'surgical strike' upon North Korea and a 'limited war' breaks out, North Korea has warned they may have 'sleeper agents' in America prepared to unleash biological weapons within our cities.
As Michael Snyder reported back on April 13th of 2017 at The American Dream, "Where Will You Go When North Korean Agents Release Biological Weapons In Major U.S. Cities?" Snyder outlines a scenario within his story that one can be forgiven for thinking it could never happen here, yet it could, and as we learn, we may have no notice at all.
As we reported on ANP back on April 28th of 2017, according to a recently declassified report, North Korea had at least 5 commando units on US soil back in the 1990's, prepared to attack US cities and nuclear power plants. Should we believe that somehow, someway we don't have at least that many units in America now after years of Barack Obama's open borders? With the incredible 'diversity' that America has achieved over the years, finding NKorean sleepers in America would be like finding needles in the haystack.
From Snyder:
Most Americans have no idea that biological weapons could potentially bring our nation to a complete and utter standstill within a matter of days. In recent articles I have been trying to get people to understand why it would be so exceedingly dangerous for the United States to attack North Korea.
A war with North Korea would be fundamentally different from other wars, because there would be no line that the North Koreans would not be willing to cross. They would use nukes, they would use chemical weapons, and they would not hesitate to even use biological weapons on innocent civilian populations.
Snyder then shares with us this scenario which he tells us what might await America.
In the aftermath of a massive U.S. military strike on North Korea’s nuclear facilities, North Korean agents that have been embedded inside the United States for years quickly start going to work. In Washington D.C., New York, Chicago, Los Angeles and San Francisco, small containers that had been covertly smuggled into the U.S. are opened and dropped on the ground in the middle of large groups of people.
At first nothing seems to happen, but pretty rapidly those that have been exposed start developing puffy white sores and blisters on their skin. When this hits the news, panic begins to spread as people realize that this appears to be a coordinated attack. Before too long, others that have been exposed to a different bioweapon start bleeding profusely from their eyes, ears, mouths and noses.
People drop dead by the thousands, and a national health crisis is declared. Economic activity comes to a complete halt as everyone becomes deathly afraid of leaving their own homes. Hospitals and other medical facilities are completely overwhelmed because they can only treat a small fraction of those that are dying.
Because these weaponized diseases were designed to spread like wildfire, pretty soon nearly every community in America is affected. The federal government attempts to intervene, but it is powerless to stop the spread of these pandemics. Thousands of dead bodies lie rotting in the streets of our major cities because there aren’t enough people willing to take the risk of burying them. And because virtually everyone is camping out at home, essential public services start to break down very rapidly and our society descends into a state of utter chaos.
While Snyder outlines what could be a near-worst-case scenario (short of nuclear attacks upon several major US cities or an EMP or cyber attack that permanently takes down the electrical grid), the scenario he outlines could be among the first responses taken by 'sleepers' who've long been embedded in America, going about their day to day business as if they were 'average Joe', just waiting for their call. As we've also previously reported on ANP, 'secret coded messages' are regularly sent out by the North Korean government to their sleeper spies around the world.
According to the Biological Warfare Blog, the 'black six' of bioweapons include anthrax, botulinium, plague, smallpox, tularaemia and viral hemorrhagic fever and there are years worth of evidence to indicate that North Korea is very involved in the acquisition and weaponization of such pathogens.
In the first video below, Joe with the Daily Sheeple talks with us about these doomsday maps for the rich while in the 2nd video we hear all about the North Korean biological weapons threat to America and the world. In the final video below we hear about the possibility that a false flag attack upon America may be ahead with an EMP attack likely blamed upon North Korea but actually allowed to be carried out by America-hating globalists.
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Follow @ahess247
Recent Posts by Arik Hesseldahl
China’s Hacking of NY Times Recalls Another Attack in 1998
January 31, 2013 at 1:45 pm PT
There’s going to be an awful lot to say about the massive hacking effort by attackers thought to reside in China that rocked the New York Times last year. And much of what can be said is already there in the longish takeout on the incident on today’s front page.
If you haven’t read it yet, I’ll spare you the effort. Last fall, the Times was getting ready to publish a lengthy report about how relatives of Chinese premier Wen Jiabao had amassed a sizable fortune. Knowing China’s reputation for carrying out hacking attacks against companies and other entities that annoy it, Times executives had the foresight to have the company’s Internet service provider watch for any unusual activity.
Predictably, it showed up. It was a classic spear-phishing attack that contained a remote access tool, packaged in an email attachment innocently opened by an employee. The incident provided the Times and the security firm it hired, Mandiant, the opportunity to watch the intruders’ activity for an extended period of time as they roamed the network. Once Mandiant had a pretty good idea of all the different paths for getting in and out, they shut down and isolated all the affected machines, plugged all the holes and that was that.
Interesting. But it’s not the first time the Times has been hacked in a high-profile manner. The story reports that the first attack occurred on Sept. 13. That’s a notable date because it is, coincidentally, the 15-year anniversary of the day in 1998 that the New York Times Web site was attacked by a hacking group calling itself Hacking for Girliez.
I wrote about that attack for Wired. The attack was a basic Web defacement. The Times front page was replaced with another page (you can see the results, not completely safe for work, here) that contained within its HTML code a rambling message about the then-jailed hacker Kevin Mitnick, and a weird poem.
No one was ever arrested for the attack and it’s a pretty sure bet no one ever will be, mainly because the statute of limitations would have long expired. But someone did get the perpetrators to sit for an interview. Adam Penenberg, then a writer for Forbes and now an editor for PandoDaily, got “Slut Puppy” and “Master Pimp” to answer some questions. Their motivation at the time? They were bored and couldn’t agree on a video to watch.
The 1998 attack was the first incident for the Times, and for a little while its entire Web site was taken down in order to prevent the display of the hacked page. The timing of this attack probably has nothing to do with this latest attack. But then again, hackers of all stripes are known for long memories and a unique sense of humor.
Tagged with: Adam Penenberg, China, computer security, cyberwar, hackers, hacking, Kevin Mitnick, New York Times, security
Apple Denies Working with NSA on iPhone Backdoor
HP Is Negotiating to Settle Bribery Charges
CIOs Brand Enterprise Social Tools as Most Overhyped Technology of the Year
Malware Attacks by Syrian Pro-Government Hackers Are on the Rise
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The Parable of the One-Man-Band
Anxiety is the fruit of assuming responsibilities that are not your own. Exhaustion is the fruit of doing work that is not your own. Even the Apostles knew to do their own work. Paul finished his course, not Peter's. Exhaustion and anxiety are cousins. Only God's shoulders are big enough to carry the church.
Most "ministers" see their job as a lifelong vocation. Therefore they are always, constantly, continually, without ceasing, and forever in the forefront, and the body gathers and sits in rows to watch the show, wishing that somehow they might participate. But no, once again, they came, they sat, they listened, they left, and nothing really happened.
The ministry of the body of Christ by comparison, makes the traditional three point platonic sermon seem as silly as a one man band opening for the philharmonic orchestra.
With cymbals strapped to his knees, and a harness slung harmonica, guitar in hand, and a rubbing-board played with one foot, he hoped, kicked, strummed and blew. The crowd becomes silent at the prospect of him falling, his balance being impaired by the introduction of all those unnatural movements. And as he oscillated around on the stage the crowd broke into applause, for after all, that can't be easy!
When he was reaching the point of exhaustion, the crowd began to cheer him on. This seemed to bring a renewed look of determination to his sweat covered face. The music sounded OK. Some were shaking their heads as if to say, "Is there anything this man can’t do?" The applause was deafening, and even the orchestra waiting in the wings laid down their instruments to applaud him.
On and on he went, and the look of wonder on the faces of the crowd slowly began to turn to indifference. The praise turned to yawns, and the faint sound of snoring could be heard from the back row. Some were looking at their watches; others got up, went out and stood in the foyer. Finally the boredom was interrupted by a loud thud on the stage, and to everyone's disbelief this marathon performer had collapsed from sheer exhaustion. What began as a whisper rose in intensity, to a mild roar, the sound of a thousand whispering voices asking: "Is he okay? What happened?" But no one went up to see. Someone cried out, "Play it again." Someone else shouted, "Yeah, come on, play it again," but still he lay lifeless on the stage floor.
One by one the crowd filed out, supposing the show was over, and the orchestra waiting in the wings with their instruments on the floor, had all fallen asleep in their chairs. Alone on the stage lay the one who once stole the show.
There are thousands of one-man-bands out there, and this is no attempt to add to their burden. God forbid that I should add one ounce to the already overwhelming burden they have placed on their own shoulders. Many of them have a heart to serve God's people, and think this is how it is done. And so they burn out doing something they were never intended to do--everything. And the orchestra (the body of Christ) sits and listens and Christ is hidden from the watching world.
No one is called to do it all!
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Tag Archives: Mean Streets
Cinematically stoned
© Omni Zoetrope / United Artists
In my previous post I wrote about the late Anita Pallenberg and her finest cinematic moment, the dark and twisted 1968 crime / rock movie Performance. This also starred Mick Jagger, fellow Rolling Stone and best buddy of Pallenberg’s then lover, Keith Richards.
Performance’s cocktail of rock stars, gangsters, drugs, decadence and debauchery was seen as representative of the culture surrounding the Stones in the late 1960s; and this, along with Pallenberg and Jagger’s participation, surely means it can be classed as a ‘Rolling Stones movie’. Which begs the questions, “Are there other Rolling Stones movies? And if so, what?”
After all, there’s been plenty of Beatles movies over the years: A Hard Day’s Night (1964), Help! (1965), Yellow Submarine (1968), Let It Be (1970), I Wanna Hold Your Hand (1978), Sergeant Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band (1978), The Birth of the Beatles (1979), Give my Regards to Broad Street (1984), The Hours and Times (1991), Backbeat (1994), Two of Us (2000), even The Rutles (1978). But what of the Liverpudlian moptops’ less wholesome London rivals? What’s been their contribution to cinema?
On the face of it, there isn’t a lot. That is, if you don’t count the various documentaries made about them like Charlie is my Darling (1966), Jean Luc Godard’s oddball Sympathy for the Devil (1968) and Gimme Shelter (1970), a chronicle of their 1969 American tour that ended bloodily with Hells Angels-inspired carnage at the Altamont Speedway Free Festival. And if you don’t count their many concert movies like The Stones in the Park (1969), Let’s Spend the Night Together (1982), Julien Temple’s The Stones at the Max (1991) (the first feature-length movie to be filmed in IMAX – because what you really want to see is a 100-feet-tall close-up of Keith Richards’ face, right?), The Rolling Stones Rock and Roll Circus (1996) (plug your ears for the bit with Yoko Ono) and the Martin Scorsese-directed Shine a Light (2008), which provided the gruesome spectacle of leathery 60-something Jagger duetting with 20-something pop-moppet Christina Aguilera and prowling around her like a camp velociraptor.
There’s been little effort to film key events in the history of the Rolling Stones. Off the top of my head, the only one I can think of is the little-known Stoned (2005), about the possible circumstances of Brian Jones’s death. And as for movies featuring Stones-members as actors, well, there’s just a couple of items with Mick Jagger – epics such as Ned Kelly (1970) and Freejack (1992). Ouch and double-ouch.
© Walt Disney Productions / Jerry Bruckheimer Films
Actually, you could make a case for the Pirates of the Caribbean series being Rolling Stones films as their star Johnny Depp famously based the voice, mannerisms and swagger of his Captain Jack Sparrow character on Keith Richards. I thought Depp-playing-Keith-playing-a-pirate was a rib-tickling gimmick that elevated the first Pirates of the Caribbean instalment, back in 2003, from being a middling film to being an entertaining one. Alas, Captain Jack / Johnny / Keith has gradually lost his novelty value as the sequels have become ever-more convoluted, repetitious and tedious. For the third in the franchise, At World’s End (2007), the filmmakers had the bright idea of bringing in the real Keith Richards to cameo as Captain Jack’s pirate dad. You can see his cameo here on Youtube, which saves you the ordeal of sitting through the whole poxy movie waiting for him to show up.
However, there’s one thing you can say about the Rolling Stones and celluloid. In the right film, blasting over the soundtrack at the right moment, a Stones song can help create a splendid musical, visual and dramatic alchemy, turning a good cinematic scene into one that’s truly awesome. Here are my all-time favourite uses of Rolling Stones songs in the movies.
© Taplin-Perry-Scorsese Productions / Warner Bros
Jumpin’ Jack Flash in Mean Streets (1973)
Wow. Martin Scorsese really likes the Rolling Stones. Not only has he made a concert movie about them, the above-mentioned Shine a Light, but he’s used their music in umpteen films: Goodfellas (1990), Casino (1995), The Departed (2006) and the one that first put him on the map, 1973’s Mean Streets. Even today, more than 40 years later, the scene in Mean Streets where a young Robert De Niro comes swaggering through a bar, in slow motion, towards a pensive Harvey Keitel, while Jagger hollers in the background about being “born in a cross-fire hurricane”, is a great synthesis of rock ‘n’ roll music and rock ‘n’ roll cinema. Indeed, Jumpin’ Jack Flash is a fitting accompaniment for the arrival in popular consciousness of De Niro, who’d spend the rest of the 20th century showing Hollywood how to do proper acting. (The 21st century, containing The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle (2000), Little Fockers (2010), New Year’s Eve (2011) and Dirty Grandpa (2016), is a different matter.)
Satisfaction in Apocalypse Now (1979)
The Stones’ early, primordial and still potent stomper Satisfaction gets a brief but memorable airing in Francis Ford Coppola’s baroque Vietnam War masterpiece, playing on the radio while Captain Martin Sheen and his not-exactly-fighting-fit crew go cruising up the Nùng River in search of Marlon Brando. Cue some funky on-deck dance moves by a frighteningly young-looking Laurence Fishburne and some funny / cringeworthy water-skiing moves by Sam Bottoms that knock various Vietnamese people out of their fishing boats.
Sympathy for the Devil in Alien Nation (1988)
Graham Baker’s sci-fi / cop movie Alien Nation isn’t very good. Its premise of an alien community getting stranded on earth and having to integrate as best as they can with the curmudgeonly human natives was handled much better in Neill Blomkamp’s District 9 (2009). But I do like a woozy, hypnotic scene in it where alien-loathing cop James Caan enters a sleazy alien bar while a lady-alien performs an erotic dance to the strains of Sympathy for the Devil. Not the original Stones song, but a correspondingly woozy, hypnotic cover-version of it by the great Jane’s Addiction. I can’t find a film-clip of the scene, but here’s the Jane’s Addiction cover.
© Légende Entreprises / Universal Pictures
Can’t You Hear Me Knocking? in Casino (1995)
While Martin Scorsese serenades Robert De Niro and Harvey Keitel with Jumpin’ Jack Flash in Mean Streets, he employs the 1971 Stones song Can’t You Hear Me Knocking? for another of his regulars, Joe Pesci, in Casino. Remarkably, Scorsese plays all seven minutes of the Santana-esque Can’t You… as an accompaniment to a lengthy sequence showing how Pesci’s Casino character Nicky Santoro gets established in Las Vegas. Predictably, the sequence has Pesci doing what Pesci usually does in Scorsese movies: being a psychotic shit, barking orders at hoodlum sidekicks twice his size, eating in restaurants, ingratiating himself with fellow Mafiosi, being a psychotic shit, cursing and swearing, getting a blow-job, being a psychotic shit, talking about food, knocking off jewellery stores, acting the loving family man with his non-criminal relatives… and being a psychotic shit.
Sympathy for the Devil in Interview with the Vampire (1995)
It’s Sympathy for the Devil again. And again, this isn’t the Rolling Stones original but a cover version, this time by Guns n’ Roses. It’s as ramshackle, shonky and (for me) enjoyable as Guns n’ Roses’ other covers, which include ones of Bob Dylan’s Knockin’ on Heaven’s Door and Wings’ Live and Let Die. In Interview with the Vampire, Sympathy… kicks in during the final scene when, to nobody’s great surprise, the supposedly-vanquished vampire Lestat (Tom Cruise) reappears and takes a bite out of reporter Daniel Molloy (Christian Slater).
© Strike Entertainment / Universal Pictures
Ruby Tuesday in Children of Men (2006)
Wistful Stones ballad Ruby Tuesday features briefly on the soundtrack of Alfonso Cuarón’s gruellingly pessimistic science-fiction thriller Children of Men. It’s another cover, sung by Franco Battiato. We hear it during one of the movie’s calmer moments when Theo (Clive Owen) is visiting his mate Jasper (Michael Caine), whose home provides a small pocket of sanity amid the unfolding dystopian grimness. Amusingly, Caine, well known in real life for being a right-wing old grump given to moaning about his tax-bill, here plays a left-wing old hippy given to smoking super-strong pot.
© Plan B Entertainment / Warner Bros
Gimme Shelter in The Departed (2006)
Martin Scorsese loves the Rolling Stones and he loves their apocalyptic 1969 number Gimme Shelter in particular. By my count he’s used it in three movies: Goodfellas, Casino and The Departed. It’s best deployed at the beginning of The Departed, rumbling in the background while gangland thug Frank Costello (Jack Nicholson) expounds his philosophy. “I don’t want to be a part of my environment,” he intones, imbuing his words with that leery, languid menace that only Nicholson is capable of. “I want my environment to be a part of me.” Strangely, in Scorsese’s Shine a Light two years later, Gimme Shelter was one of the songs the Stones didn’t perform on stage. So Marty missed a trick there.
Street Fighting Man in Fantastic Mr Fox (2009)
Director Wes Anderson also sticks Rolling Stones songs into his movies, but so far I haven’t mentioned him because I find most of his work insufferably smug and pretentious. (Play with Fire figures prominently in 2007’s The Darjeeling Limited, an Anderson movie so twee it’s the cinematic equivalent of being force-fed with chocolate cake-mix.) However, I like the scene in his stop-motion-animation adaptation of Roald Dahl’s Fantastic Mr Fox where, to the sound of the rabblerousing late-1960s Stones anthem Street Fighting Man, Farmers Bean, Boggis and Bunce use three diggers to tear up the den of the titular Mr Fox; forcing the den’s inhabitants to frantically dig an escape-route. As Keith Richards might say: “We’re the Stones – you dig?”
© 20th Century Fox
Posted in Films, Music | Tagged Alien Nation, Apocalypse Now, Casino, Children of Men, Fantastic Mr Fox, Interview with the Vampire, Jack Nicholson, Joe Pesci, Johnny Depp, Keith Richards, Martin Scorsese, Mean Streets, Mick Jagger, Performance, Pirates of the Caribbean, Robert De Niro, Rolling Stones, The Departed, Wes Anderson | Leave a reply
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Joppy: "Taylor Is In Big Trouble, I'm Going To Take Him To School!"
By G. Leon
Joppy Also Says He Busted Up Lacy In The Gym!
Former WBA middleweight champion William Joppy told Boxingtalk.com, "This year has been horrible for me Greg, but after all the shit I've been through, I'm going to end the year in a way that's going to make it a good year. I'm going to close this year with a bang! I've been going through so much shit and getting charged with cases that should have never been mine. From first degree assault to traffic tickets, I've been through all that junk this year."
GL: Can you tell us what you know about Jermain Taylor?
William Joppy: "I don't really know too much about him. I've seen him fight a few times. From what I've seen all he's got is a pretty good jab and a right hand. He likes to throw the jab and come with the right hand. He's basic.
GL: You're the first true middleweight Taylor is facing, does that wind up being an advantage for you?
WJ: "It's like this, I know he's an up and coming middleweight. You know the business Greg, after my losses to Felix Trinidad and Bernard Hopkins they feel like I'm ready to go. But naw, I'm not ready to go. I had to look at the man in the mirror. In the past I played a lot outside of the ring and it cost me. I had to rip a page from Bernard Hopkins book, I got on that discipline tip.
"I don't hang out and I don't do nothing. When I'm on the right track can't none of these guys touch me. I know I'm the first full fledged middleweight he's seeing and I'm going to take this young boy to school. He's been fed nothing but junior middleweights and he's going to be in big trouble with me. I'm going out there and have fun, I'm going to box the hell out of him and take him to school.
GL: Most people view this a do or die fight as far as your boxing career goes. How do you feel about that?
WJ: "Well it is. You know what it is. It's a last opportunity to see if I can stay in the thick of things. If I don't get past this I'm done. I'm not going to fight for $5,000 or $10,000. I'd stop before I do that. This guy can't touch me. He's got a good jab but there's so much stuff I'm going to show him.
"But I'm going to do him just like I used to do his Olympic partner Jeff Lacy!
GL: How did you do Jeff Lacy?
WJ: "I beat the helll out of him. It got kind of personal with Jeff Lacy. We were in the gym together in Big Bear California and I was sparring with Shane Mosley. He came up in the gym and tried to make a reputation off of me and I hate when guys do that. When I come in the gym, I'm not there to show off, I'm there to learn. But the bottom line is I'm going to do him like I did Jeff Lacy, I'm going to beat the hell out of him so bad his trainer's going to stop it!
"I will say this though, Jeff Lacy looked strong as hell in his last fight. He looked like he hadn't had sex in ten years!
"This fight with Taylor is so important because the fight that I want is the Trinidad rematch and winning this fight will help me get that shot at revenge. Trinidad is what I want the most, but I'm not in the position to call him out yet, I'm going to look impressive with Taylor and then we're going to have a lot of shit to talk about Trinidad.
CLICK HERE FOR THE REST OF THIS MUST READ INTERVIEW
Send questions and comments to: gleon@boxingtalk.net
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Click here to submit your news item to this page
Page I...
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Glee 2004 - Part II
Turning our attention to those companies specialising in wet-cast and garden paving, I felt that three companies stood out, and in the interest of fairness, I'll let the new boys go first.
EJ Stone from Ashington in the North-east of England are Glee debutants and to their credit, they seemed to have more paving on their stand than anyone else, as well as producing what I thought was the best new wet-cast product at the show. The Alnwick Slate feature features a new texture in a new colour and it would have been easy to get it wrong with one or both of these critical factors. However, the colour is a near-as-dammit match for the legendary Penrhyn slate from North Wales, and the texture is undeniably accurate. Sales Director Neil Cox (who also had the best tea-making facilities at the show) told me how he'd spent two days scrambling about the slate heaps of Northumberland in his search for the perfect pieces to use as models for his moulds. It was time well spent, as the resulting flags are spot on!
Alnwick Slate Circle, with squaring-off kit and rectangular paving
EJ Stone offer a wide range of wet cast patio flags and walling products in a range of colours and styles, and they have plans to move into CBP production in the very near future. Neil's hoping to have his new block plant on-stream before the end of autumn, and was showing a few of the test blocks he's planning to produce. There'll be new here, on Pavingexpert.com, as soon as the plant is functioning.
If I had to give an award for most attractive stand at Glee, then there's absolutely no doubt in my mind that it would go to Westminster Stone, and I think that everyone else in the industry, if they were being totally honest and 'off-the-record', would agree that, year in and year out, John Clifford and his dad Paul produce a superb display that shows off the products to their very best.
And the attention to detail that they use to create their display is mirrored by the attention to detail they make with their range of flagstones and other garden hard-landscaping products. The Old Lancashire and Old Yorkshire flagstones are as good a reproduction as I've ever seen, and the Old Provence range is virtually impossible to tell apart from genuine terracotta tiles.
You can talk to some people in this trade, and their main interest is the business: the making money, the wheeling and dealing, the shifting units. And then there are a handful of folk who have an all-consuming passion for paving, and could never imagine being involved in any other industry. This dedication often shows through in their products, and there's no finer example than Westminster Stone. The quality of the product, the quality of the display, the quality of service - maybe that's why the tv crews used this stand as a stage for their interviews. Pure Class!
That's a fiver you owe me, John!
Chelsea Gold flags in various sizes
Old Provence Tile Circle
Stonemarket have a long pedigree of producing quality and innovative wet-cast products, and over recent years they've proved that their eye for detail and originality works equally well with natural stone products.
Although they've added new product lines to their wet cast range it was three items in natural stone that really took my eye at this show. The most visually striking was the new Provencal Sunflower, a superb creation combining buff and grey sandstone flags, cut to exact shapes and fitted together to form a simply stunning circle feature, easily the best at the show. The basic circle kit has a diameter of 3200mm, but it can be extended by addition of the outer ring, shown here, which pushed the overall dimensions up to a diameter of a little over 4 metres.
The ever-affable MD of Stonemarket, Tom Poole, had played about with various colour options for this new flagship product, but decided on this combination and I have to say I think he's got it dead right.
The second natural stone product from Stonemarket to which I want to draw your attention is this simple but elegant star in a flamed granite.
It's no secret in the trade that we're all looking for the product range that could take over from the imported sandstones, and I have a sneaky feeling that public taste will shift away from the traditional, rustic riven-flags to something with a bit of class and elegance about it. These flamed granite features, and the complementary rectangular paving, could well be an indicator of what's to come. Crisp, clean lines with a basic, classic palette of natural colours - very European and minimalist in looks: could it be right for the notoriously conservative British taste? I hope so!
The final item in this quick survey of the Stonemarket offering is the one I suspect could well be the most successful. It's a weathered sandstone, which may not sound terribly exciting at first, but when you see it close up, and when you feel the texture, then you'll know why it's sure to be popular.
Although the stone is brand new, it's been treated in a method that's top secret, and no amount of cajoling, trickery or pestering could force any of the Stonemarket people to reveal the process, even though I reckon I know how it's done. The special treatment produces a flag that appears to be worn smooth with time, giving it a much more authentic 'aged' appearance than any of the stained versions that are doing the rounds. It's a truly intriguing texture and it offers a viable, believable and affordable alternative to those poor souls condemned to live in Lower Britain where genuine reclaimed yorkstone flags can cost well over 50 quid per square metre.
It'll be available in two colours, a soft grey and a mellow buff, and it's being sold under the name of "Vintage Stone". I urge you to keep your eye open for it next Spring!
While we're looking at Stonemarket products, I really ought to mention the "holy grail" computer software they've been developing which generates random-ish layouts for all sorts of modular flags. Just how random is each layout can be determined, to some extent, by the end user, so you can define sets of rules, such as 'no-straight-lines-over-3-metres', or 'no-4-corner-meetings', and then the software creates a layout using your chosen flag range, in your chosen sizes, in a matter of minutes. Depending on how pernickety you've been, it could be 1½ minutes or 8 minutes or 15 minutes, but it's still quicker than working it out with pencil and graph paper!
I've been involved in developing similar computerised random layout generators since way back when I had my first ZX81, and I have to admit that this is the best implementation of the idea I've ever seen. The user interface is neat, clean and simple, and the end product is very attractive-looking. Tom Poole admits there's a way to go, but it's leaps and bounds ahead of any of the other commercially available programs I've played with. He plans to make it available as a web-based tool for selected designers and contractors and has promised to keep me up-to-date with developments, so I shall hold him to that, and see if we can get hold of some screengrabs for a later news item.
As I told Tom, it's the best "not-actually-paving" item I've seen at the show by a long way, and I wish I had more time to play with it.
A quick jog around the other wet-cast producers - this does not imply that their products are inferior or less interesting than those already mentioned. They tend to be smaller manufacturers with a reduced geographical coverage, but good products and good ideas, nonetheless.
Having said all that, the first up is StoneFlair, a company with some serious people behind it, not least of which are the Aggregate Industries crowd. They certainly do provide nationwide distribution of their products, but I have to be honest and say that there wasn't much in their wet-cast lines on show that demanded my attention. They are good products, as I said, but there was nothing there that I hadn't seen anywhere else, which was disappointing.
However, the big news from StoneFlair is that in the last couple of weeks or so they have acquired Brooks Concrete in Sheffield, erstwhile producers of Durapave CBPs. The CBP production will be maintained, although I'm not sure whether it will be under the old Durapave name or the new StoneFlair badge.
Although most of the display area was covered with the usual StoneFlair fare of wet-cast and imported stone flags, there was one corner given over to the CBPs and it's good to see Monksbridge pavers making an appearance on the national stage.
Monksbridge Pavers, now from StoneFlair!
Longborough Concrete, manufacturers of the Lonstone products, have a history of paving manufacture stretching back almost 60 years, and they've developed a reputation for attractive garden paving, at an attractive price, without needing to cut back on quality.
Based in Gloucestershire, their products are most commonly found in the south-west midlands, but they deserve a wider audience. I particularly like their gully channel and kerb, as shown opposite, which would look at home in a cottage garden anywhere in the country.
Sunday was a long day and despite being in the hall for over 9 hours, I still hadn't managed to see everything. I just wanted to get back to my hotel and crash for the night, recharging my batteries (and those of my digicam) for the following day. I was trying to find my way back to my transport when I got into conversation with a man who turned out to be involved in Living Stone, a name I had seen on the exhibitors list, but about whom I knew nothing. It turned out he's a big fan of the website and so I couldn't help but promise to make sure I made my way around to the Living Stone display at the first chance the following day.
Living Stone is a new incarnation for what used to be the Bowland Operation in Lincoln. They decided that they needed to forge a new image for themselves and decided to strike out on their own, and although they still offer some of the traditional and well-loved Bowland products, they've developed new products exclusive to themselves. Managing Director, Phillip Moss, is particularly proud of the lovely Sunstone circle feature shown here. Phillip reckons this unique feature should retail for under £300.
Although they've strode out on their own, Living Stone maintain good relations with the remaining Bowland members, but plan to extend coverage from their Lincoln base and existing territory on the east coast of England, and ship their products throughout Britain.
Meanwhile, over at Bowland, things haven't stood still since the Lincoln posse decided to plough their own furrow. They, too, have new products, as well as the full range of all the older Bowland favourites.
The one that seemed to be attracting most attention was the Lakeland Star, a honey-toned eight-pointed star feature set against a background of ash grey. It's so new it hasn't even made it into the current catalogue, but that should be put right by next Spring.
Bowland's new Lakeland Star
Bowland's display area
Finally, for this page of what seems to be an inordinately long review, comes Pavestone. They've been bring paving over from the continent and further afield for a while now, and have found a niche for themselves with some of the independent Builders' Merchants. They've a knack of finding new products and getting them into the British market, but many contractors seem to be blissfully ignorant of their existence.
I have to admit that I've never found it easy to talk to the Pavestone people. Whether they simply don't want anything to do with me and my website, or whether they are only interested in talking to people who can sell for them, I don't know, but I had a very cursory conversation on the Sunday, was ignored completely on the Monday, and when I went back on Tuesday afternoon, determined to make some headway, they'd packed up and buggered off to wherever it is they hide when not at Glee!
Regardless of their attitude, I spotted this polished sandstone while I was there on the Sunday, and thought it was possibly the best thing they had. Sadly, the chap from whom I was trying to extract information seemed to be more interested in sloping off for his dinner, so I know nowt about it.
It's nice though!
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Norman Greenbaum and Spirit in the Sky
Posted on May 9, 2019 May 27, 2019 by BrewHaHa
Norman Greenbaum and his portuguese guitar.
Norman Greenbaum is our guest on Brew Ha Ha today, joining Steve Jaxon, Mark Carpenter and Herlinda Heras. Norman wrote and performed the iconic 1969 song “Spirit in the Sky.” Herlinda Heras is back from her trip to Portugal and has brought three Portuguese beers to taste.
Norman Greenbaum is a longtime Sonoma County resident. Steve asks Norman if he is still surprised at the success of his song. It has been in movies and commercials and continues to have its own life. Any band or singer wants to have a hit record, and he was lucky to have a hit on the charts. He says he may have been a one-hit wonder but it has been in over 60 movies and a couple dozen commercials. It was in an ad for Audi in the last Super Bowl.
Spirit in the Sky was in the Budweiser Discovery Reserve American Red Lager beer advertisement. The beer was brewed to commemorate the 1969 moon landing. The song was recorded in San Francisco.
Herlinda asks Norman to tell the story of the song and he remembers various scenes and themes from old Western films. The Stovall Sisters were his backup singers, they were from Oakland where they also sang in church. Mark Carpenter remembers the environment of the late 1960s and remembers the song as a really big hit.
Herlinda Heras has brought beers from Portugal, including an “APA” which they call an American Pale Ale. Praxis Brewery is in Coimbra which is famous for having really good water. The Praxis family younger generation has revived the brewery and Mark says it’s a great example of Europeans doing an American style. It is 6% alcohol which is reasonable. There is also an 8/5% double Bock from Vaida Brewery outside of Aveiro which is south of Porto. Herlinda has also brought a beer with a woman on the label.
Norman Greenbaum remembers that New York was a center of music recording but he was not fond of the city. He had heard that Hollywood was the other center of that business so he went to LA and started Dr. West’s Medicine Show and Junk Band and got signed immediately. The Eggplant that Ate Chicago was their first hit.
Now his songs have been in countless commercials and movies. Norman does say he is flabbergasted and thanks “the Spirit in the Sky for taking such good care of me.” He never gets tired of hearing it even if he wrote it. It still sends shivers up his spine.
Norman has brought a special guitar today which is from Portugal. He bought it at the flea market in Petaluma for $25, 40 years ago and brought it to a luthier for repairs. It disappeared and 42 years later, the guy contacted him saying it was fixed! It is called a Viola de Terra made of birds-eye maple.
← Mark Carpenter Tells the Story…
Anderson Valley Brewing’s Fal Allen… →
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March 27, 2019 by Ernest Johnson
Wedneskday, March 27, 2019
East New York Man Sentenced to State Prison
For Attempted Promoting Prostitution of 14-Year-Old Girl
Brooklyn District Attorney Eric Gonzalez today announced that an East New York man has been sentenced to up to six years in prison for attempted promoting prostitution and rape following his guilty plea last month.
District Attorney Gonzalez said, “With today’s sentence this defendant is held accountable for his actions and the young victim in the case was spared from having to testify against her abuser in court. This case is representative of my continuing commitment to seek justice for vulnerable young women who are exploited and forced into prostitution.”
The District Attorney identified the defendant as Travis Walker, 28, of East New York, Brooklyn. He pleaded guilty to first-degree attempted promoting prostitution and second-degree rape on January 23, 2019. He was sentenced today by Brooklyn Supreme Court Justice Danny Chun to an indeterminate term of three to six years on the attempted promoting prostitution count and a determinate term of five years on the second-degree rape count. The judge ordered the sentences to run concurrently. The defendant must also register as a sex offender upon his release from prison.
The District Attorney said that, according to the investigation, between May 25, 2018 and June 18, 2018, the defendant prostituted a 14-year-old girl on multiple occasions in Brooklyn, forcing her to walk the streets in the middle of the night to pick up strangers to have sex for money, as well as at his house, at a Borough Park hotel, and at a bachelor party in Williamsburg. The defendant also raped the victim.
The defendant withheld food from the victim; used force, including kicking her in her back with his boots; and forced her to give him any money she earned from prostitution.
After a woman who was also working as a prostitute for the defendant learned the victim’s true age, that woman helped the teenager get away from the defendant’s house, according to the investigation. The victim was later spotted on a Brooklyn street by her aunt, who contacted her parents, who then called police.
The case was investigated by New York City Police Department Detective Jacob Merino and Detective Elizabeth Gonzalez, of the Vice Human Trafficking Team, under the supervision of Lieutenant Christopher Sharpe and Captain Thomas Milano, and the overall supervision of Inspector James Klein. Police Officer Tony Cuoco of the NYPD’s 75th Precinct assisted in the investigation.
The case was prosecuted by Assistant District Attorney David Weiss, Deputy Chief of the District Attorney’s Human Trafficking Unit, with the assistance of Victim Services Unit Human Trafficking Social Worker Tracy Sun, under the overall supervision of Assistant District Attorney Miss Gregory, Chief of the Special Victims Bureau.
Former NYPD Sergeant Indicted for Tampering with Evidence At Scene Where He Shot and Wounded Another Man
Gravesend Man Sentenced to 15 Years in Prison for Death of 3-Year-Old Boy
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Rule 4007. Request for Transcripts
(A) Requests for transcripts shall be set forth on the standardized Request for Transcript Form available online at www.buckscounty.org/CourtServices. The form is also available from the following offices: Prothonotary, Domestic Relations Prothonotary, Clerk of Courts and the Register of Wills/Clerk of the Orphans’ Court. Once completed, the Request for Transcript Form shall be submitted to the Chief Court Reporter.
(1) A request for transcript may also be made by contacting the court reporter present at the proceeding directly or by contacting the Chief Court Reporter by telephone, in writing or by email
(2) A request for daily, same-day or expedited transcription shall be submitted to the Chief Court Reporter at least ten (10) days prior to the scheduled proceeding. In the event of an emergency, a party may request, by oral motion, a daily, same-day or expedited transcript. The request will be accommodated when it is feasible for the court reporter to produce the transcript within the allotted period of time, and upon approval of the trial judge and the Chief Court Reporter.
(B) Upon receiving a request for a transcript:
(1) the court reporter shall, within 24 hours of receipt of said request, determine the number of copies being ordered by contacting all counsel and/or self-represented parties; and
(2) the court reporter shall send the ordering party or parties, via email or regular mail, the standardized Transcript Order Form. The Transcript Order Form shall include the estimated number of pages, the page rate and the estimated total cost of the transcript.
(C) The requesting party or parties shall make a non-refundable deposit in the amount of 95% of the estimated cost of the transcript. The deposit shall be paid by money order, certified check or law firm check made payable to the County of Bucks.
(1) The deposit, along with the completed and signed Transcript Order Form, shall be delivered to the Court Administrator’s Office, 100 N. Main Street, Doylestown, Pennsylvania, within seven (7) calendar days from the date of receipt of the Transcript Order Form.
(D) The court reporter shall prepare the transcript upon direction of the Chief Court Reporter.
(E) The court reporter shall notify all ordering parties and the Chief Court Reporter upon completion of the transcript and provide the completed transcript to the trial judge for signature.
(F) The court reporter shall deliver the original transcript to the appropriate filing office and distribute copies to all ordering parties upon payment of any balance owed.
Rule 4008. Transcript Costs Payable by a Requesting Party Other than the Commonwealth or a Subdivision Thereof
(A) Costs
(1) The costs payable by a requesting party, other than the Commonwealth or a subdivision thereof, for a transcript in electronic format (.pdf) shall not exceed:
(a) ordinary transcript, $2.50 per page;
(b) expedited transcript, $3.50 per page;
(c) daily transcript, $4.50 per page; and
(d) same day delivery, $6.50 per page.
(2) When the transcript is prepared in bound paper format, the costs shall be in accordance with paragraph (1) relating to electronic format (.pdf) plus a surcharge of $0.25 per page.
(3) A Complex Trial Surcharge of $1.00 per page will be applied in cases such as mass tort, medical malpractice or other unusually complex litigation where there is a need for the court reporter to significantly expand his or her dictionary, when approved by the presiding Judge.
(B) Economic Hardship
(1) A Petition to Proceed In Forma Pauperis shall be filed with the appropriate filing office (Prothonotary, Domestic Relations Prothonotary, Clerk of Courts or the Register of Wills/Clerk of the Orphans’ Court) along with the Request for Transcript and Poverty Affidavit.
(2) Copies of the forms listed above shall be provided to:
(a) the presiding judge;
(b) the Chief Court Reporter; and
(c) opposing counsel, or the opposing party if self-represented.
In forma pauperis and Poverty Affidavit Forms are available at www.buckscounty.org/CourtServices.
(C) When more than one ordering party requests a transcript, the transcript cost plus $0.75 per page (paper format) and/or $0.50 per page (electronic copy/.pdf) shall be divided equally among the ordering parties.
(D) A request for a copy of any transcript previously ordered, transcribed and filed of record shall be made by telephone, letter or email to the Chief Court Reporter and shall be provided at the cost of $0.75 per page (paper format) and/or $0.50 per page (electronic copy/.pdf).
Rule 4009. Fees Payable to the Court Reporter by the Courts for Court-Ordered Transcript
(A) A party requesting that the cost of their transcript be placed on the court must provide documentation of having been declared in forma pauperis as described in 4008(B).
(1) Any transcript request where the costs are to be placed on the court must be accompanied by Order of Court directing the notes of testimony be transcribed.
(B) Court reporters shall be paid the following amounts by the Court for court-ordered transcripts:
(1) regular delivery of the original transcript: $1.25 per page;
(2) regular delivery of each additional copy: $0.30 per page;
(3) regular delivery of a duplicate original: $0.30;
(4) expedited delivery of the transcript: $2.00 per page for the original, and $0.60 per page for each additional copy;
(5) daily delivery of the transcript: $3.00 per page for the original and $0.90 per page for each additional copy; and
(6) same-day delivery of the transcript: $3.50 per page for the original and $1.00 per page for each additional copy.
(Printable Version of Rules of Judicial Administration Available as pdf)
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Donor Compliance
BWF Giving Tree
UB HORNS UP!
Crowdfunding: UB Horns Up!
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Meet Our Student-Athletes
Endowments buffalonewsite 2018-06-25T14:10:00+00:00
The Bulls Legacy Program recognizes a distinguished group of donors who have a common belief in the principle of preserving the uniquely broad-based athletics program at the University at Buffalo. Through the generosity of their gifts, these individuals have insured, in perpetuity, the unique opportunity to experience what it means to compete as a student-athlete and proudly wear the blue and white for our university.
The University at Buffalo Athletic department is constantly striving to create opportunities for our more than 400 student-athletes. Each year, our department helps to fund the equivalent of more than 250 full scholarships. An endowed scholarship represents one way where you, the donor, can help ensure transformational opportunities for our student-athletes generation after generation.
Endowed scholarships are created through the establishment of a permanent fund that is in turn, invested and managed by the UB Foundation. A portion of the annual interest income generated by this fund is used to pay for scholarships. Income earned in excess of the annual amount is added back into the endowment so that it continues to grow and maintain its purchasing power for future generations.
By allowing us to invest our resources in areas of need outside of tuition, room, and board, endowments provide the stability necessary for the future success of our athletic department.
There are many ways to establish an endowment; cash, stocks and planned gifts, such as charitable trusts and bequests, are all common ways to fund an endowment. Charitable annuities, real estate gifts and life insurance policies are other forms of giving. Your gift may reduce taxes due on your income, capital gain, and estate settlements. Substantial advantages also are available through donations of property or appreciated securities. When you make a gift, it can either be outright or deferred (through a bequest or will). Either way, your contribution, when received, establishes a legacy of annual gifts that help us well into the future.
For information about how to create a named scholarship in men’s or women’s athletics, how to contribute to an established endowment, or the general athletics endowment, please call 716-645-6867 and ask to speak to a member of the Major Gifts staff.
1958 Lambert Cup Football Team 2009
Richard I. Anslow 2009
Robert G. and Gloria L. Biedenkopf 1993
Buffalo Renaissance Foundation 2009
Joseph F. Ceravolo 2008
Jack “Bear” Dempsey 2012
Raymond and Pamela Deters 2012
Willie R. and Roberta A. Evans 2009
Michele Fisher 2003
Richard E. and Doris Friend 1998
Brian M. Hansen 2011
Ellen and James Heitzhaus 2011
Eye Family in Memory of Ernie Kiefer 2010
Stan and Sandy Kowalski 2011
Donald L. and Karen M. Maricle 2009
Richard I. Mulvey 2011
Edwin D. and Evelyn E. Muto 2010
Louis R. and Nancy C. Reif 1994
Robert E. Rich, Sr. 1991
Ronald W. Schlenker, Sr. 2001
Richard C. and Kathleen M. Shepard 2000
Dr. Charles S. and Anne R. Tirone 2009
Rocco L. and Cecile P. Versace 2010
Arthur W. Woelfle, Jr. 1994
James R. and Linda E. Wolfe 2009
If you’re interested in establishing an endowment, please contact:
Bill Breene
Associate Director of Development
Bill Breene joined the University at Buffalo Division of Athletics in 1988 as the Director of Athletics Development, and was given the responsibility of initiating a donor program specific to athletics as part of an aggressive move from a Division III non-scholarship program to today’s status as one of the premier Division I-A programs in the State of New York. He has served in a number of administrative capacities, and has been instrumental in the overall development and growth of the UB program…
breene@buffalo.edu
Bill Breene joined the University at Buffalo Division of Athletics in 1988 as the Director of Athletics Development, and was given the responsibility of initiating a donor program specific to athletics as part of an aggressive move from a Division III non-scholarship program to today’s status as one of the premier Division I-A programs in the State of New York. He has served in a number of administrative capacities, and has been instrumental in the overall development and growth of the UB program.
Breene has played a major role in a number of program milestones, including the first-ever $1,000,000 gift commitment to athletics in 1991. He was a member of the university-wide committees that successfully bid and hosted the 1993 World University Games, the 1995 World Veteran’s Games, as well as UB’s membership into the Mid American Conference in 1996. In that same year, Breene led a team of University representatives that was awarded the opportunity to host the 1998 NCAA Division I Track & Field Championships at UB Stadium. The event marked the first time a Division I national championship was hosted in Buffalo. In 1999, Breene was asked to resurrect the UB Baseball program, and was the head coach of that program until 2006, at which time he returned to his development roots, and his current position with the program.
Prior to coming to UB, Bill served in a similar development capacity at the University of Houston, where he oversaw the annual giving campaigns and other externally related programming.
A graduate of the University of Southern Mississippi, Bill played and coached baseball for the Golden Eagles, and is a member of the University’s athletics Hall of Fame.
Bill resides in the Town of Tonawanda with his two children, a daughter, Sara, and a son, Connor.
BLUE & WHITE FUND
202 Alumni Arena, Buffalo, NY 14260-5000
EMAIL: blueandwhitefund@buffalo.edu
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Back to news and opinion index page for links to archived stories | Commentary | Our YouTube page
2018 Tour de France | 2018 Giro d'Italia
Destroying rainforest for economic gain is like burning a Renaissance painting to cook a meal. - E. O. Wilson
Upcoming racing:
August 25 - September 16: Vuelta a España
Latest completed racing:
August 22: Veenendaal - Veenendaal Classic
August 13 - 19: BinckBank Tour (formerly Eneco Tour)
August 16 - 19: Colorado Classic
August 16 - 19: Arctic Race of Norway
Aug 19: EuroEyes Cyclassics Hamburg
August 15 - 18: Tour du Limousin
August 1 - 12: Volta a Portugal
August 6 - 12: Tour of Utah
August 4 - 10: Tour of Poland
Judge orders Johan Bruyneel pay $1.2M in Lance Armstrong fraud case
Here's the story in USA Today:
A federal judge on Wednesday issued a $1.2 million judgment against Lance Armstrong’s former cycling team manager after the U.S. Justice Department sought payback from him for his part in Armstrong’s doping scheme more than 14 years ago.
The federal government had accused the former manager, Johan Bruyneel, of unjust enrichment at the expense of the U.S. Postal Service, which paid $32.3 million to sponsor Armstrong’s cycling team from 2000 to 2004.
The judge granted the government’s $1.2 million request for restitution and also put Bruyneel on the hook for an additional $369,000 in civil penalties.
Johan Bruyneel (white shirt) and Lance Armstrong at the 2010 Tour Down Under. Sirotti photo
After more than eight years of legal drama, the rulings effectively end a civil fraud lawsuit that originated when Armstrong’s former cycling teammate, Floyd Landis, filed a complaint against Armstrong, Bruyneel and others on behalf of the federal government.
“This ruling marks the finish line of a lawsuit brought by Floyd Landis and the federal government to recover money paid by the U.S. Postal Service to sponsor a professional cycling team featuring Lance Armstrong,” Judge Christopher Cooper wrote Wednesday.
The Postal Service paid $32.3 million to sponsor Armstrong’s cycling team from 2000 to 2004 but said in its lawsuit that it never would have paid that if it known the team was using banned drugs and blood transfusions to cheat in races. The Postal Service sought that money back in triple under the False Claims Act — nearly $100 million — but ultimately reached a settlement with Armstrong, who agreed to pay nearly $7 million to end the case in April.
The judge on Wednesday ordered the default judgment be entered against Bruyneel after he failed to put up a defense in the case.
You can read the entire story here.
Alvaro Hodeg wins first stage of Deutschland Tour
Here's the report from second-place Pascal Ackermann's Bora-hansgrohe team:
The opening stage of the Deutschland Tour, which is back on the race calendar after a ten-years pause, was dominated by a six-man breakaway, which was gone for most of the day. Shortly before the finish, the peloton closed the gap and the expected bunch sprint was set up. The BORA – hansgrohe train brought their sprinter Pascal Ackermann into a good position, but it was A. Hodeg who took the win ahead of the German Champion.
Alvaro Hodeg winning stage three of this year's Tour of Poland.
After a ten-year pause, the “Deutschland Tour” is back on the cycling calendar. Today’s opening stage took the riders from Koblenz to Bonn over 157 flat kilometres, and promised to end in a bunch sprint on the final long straight. Before the peloton fought for the victory, two intermediate sprints, one in Naussau and one in Neustadt awaited the fast men.
The Team Tactics
Team BORA – hansgrohe brought their fast men to their home race, among their leader and German Champion Pascal Ackermann, who achieved already five WorldTour victories in this season. He was joined by his lead-out men Rudi Selig, Andreas Schillinger and Christoph Pfingsten. For the GC, BORA – hansgrohe focused on the Austrian rider Patrick Konrad. Pete Kennaugh should help Patrick during the demanding stages in the upcoming days.
After some kilometres of racing a group of six riders formed the breakaway of the day with a maximum gap of three minutes. The BORA – hansgrohe squad stayed in the main field, took the control over the pace and tried to keep the breakaway’s advantage low, and with the gap dropping steadily, it was all back together with 13km remaining. Especially, BORA – hansgrohe pulled hard and set the pace for their sprinter Pascal Ackermann. Peter Kennaugh showed a great performance and closed the gap. The race headed into the finale with Rudi Selig driving the pace. Pascal Ackermann was in a good position but in a thrilling finale A. Hodeg took the win only some centimetres ahead of the German Champion.
From the Finish Line
“Of course, I wanted to take the win today and the team did a great job to bring me into position. But on the final metres Hodeg was just too strong. Tomorrow will be another day and I am motivated to try it again.” – Pascal Ackermann
“We started to pull early in the race and took control over the race. With six riders a lead-out is different than to a lead-out with eight riders, but our team did a good race. Maybe the finish came some metres too late for Pascal, therefore Hodeg, who won already a lot of races in this season, took the win.” – Jens Zemke, sports director
Alvaro Hodeg (Quick-Step) 3hr 35min 8sec
Pascal Ackermann (Bora-hansgrohe) @ s.t.
Niccolo Bonifazio (Bahrain-Merida) @ s.t.
Lotto-Soudal previews Bretagne Classic Ouest-France
The team sent me this:
On Sunday, 26th August Lotto Soudal is at the starting line of the World Tour race Bretagne Classic Ouest-France, previous the GP Plouay. Between start and finish at Plouay there are 242 hilly kilometres after which there is a local loop of 14.7 kilometres. Previous editions have proved that sprinters as well as Classics riders can aim for the victory. With a short hill, Ty Marrec, within four kilometres from the finish several scenarios are possible. Lotto Soudal has several assets with Tim Wellens and Jens Debusschere. Frederik Willems, sports director at Lotto Soudal, expects, partly due to the renewed track, an unpredictable race.
Elia Viviani winning the 2017 edition
Frederik Willems: “The riders themselves consider the 257 kilometres long Bretagne Classic Ouest-France as a real Classic. The track underwent a lot of changes over the years. The race used to be ridden on a local circuit such as the World Championships in 2000. Last year there was a big loop with at the end a local lap. This year the complete race is in line and compared to last year the course is completely new. We’ll have to wait and see where the decision will be made. This year the riders must face the smaller roads of the region and the double climb of the Mûr-de-Bretagne has also been removed from the course. However, it keeps constantly twisting and turning. It is not a very tough track, but it goes constantly up and down.”
“Due to the smaller roads it will be important to be attentively in the front during the last 80 kilometres and to counter possible attacks, for which we count on Tim Wellens. If it does end with a sprint, of a reduced peloton though, we still have Jasper De Buyst and Jens Debusschere. However, we must wait how they have recovered from a previous illness. There are a lot of sprinters whose teams will want to control the race. I think we must especially focus on the teams who attack. Last year the race was completely controlled by the sprint teams and it was almost impossible to launch a breakaway. This year, it will depend on how much the sprint teams will take control of the race.”
“Riders such as Lars Bak, Frederik Frison and Rémy Mertz are riding at the service of the team. When a large leading group is composed, they must protect the team at that moment. We will not break open the race, but we will rather be watching attentively what happens. In any case Tim Wellens will get his chance on the last climb but due to the smaller roads in the finale I expect that there will be earlier attacks.”
Line-up Lotto Soudal: Lars Bak, Jens Debusschere, Jasper De Buyst, Frederik Frison, Moreno Hofland, Rémy Mertz and Tim Wellens.
Sports director: Frederik Willems.
Estonian time trial champion Tanel Kangert signs with EF Education First-Drapac for 2019
Here's the team's news release:
Estonian Tanel Kangert will join the #PinkArgyle family in 2019. The 31-year-old has spent the last eight years riding for Astana and previously spent two seasons with AG2R La Mondiale. The move to EF Education First – Drapac p/b Cannondale offers him a new opportunity on a diverse squad.
“I have wondered if there is more in professional cycling for me to see and try,” said Kangert. “I have had a good time with my current team, but after eight years, I felt that the time to move on was now. I wanted to get out of my comfort zone. I have raced for a French team and a Kazakh team with Italian influence, so I was looking for a completely different environment.
Tanel Kangert riding the 19th stage of the 2018 Tour de France. Sirotti photo
“I’m looking forward to new training methods, different race programs and new equipment,” Kangert added. “I also aim to push myself a little bit further physically. EF Education First – Drapac p/b Cannondale ticked all the boxes for me when I started to look for a team.”
“Tanel is a proven and stable asset at the largest races in the world,” said EF Pro Cycling CEO and founder Jonathan Vaughters. “He adds value as a teammate and as a winner on his own right. We hope to help him reach his full potential and are happy he chose our team.”
Kangert has achieved nine professional victories, including stage wins at Tour de Suisse, Giro del Trentino and Abu Dhabi, where he also won the general classification. He finished 16th overall at the 2018 Tour de France and animated the 67-kilometer three-mountain stage with what Vaughters has called “his swashbuckling breakaway.” Yet Kangert, the reigning Estonian time trial champion looks toward his contribution in collective performances rather than individual results to define himself as a rider.
“I have always known that if in a team there is a leader who has a better chance for a result than I do, I should help him as much as possible, and most often, there is someone who has a better chance than me,” said Kangert. “I enjoy my role as an important helper who can sometimes go for a personal result."
Kangert has humble ambitions that fit with his down-to-earth nature for his first season in his new team.
“I would like to be physically good already in the beginning of the season,” he said. “This is something I’ve been able to achieve so far. I’d like to find my time trial legs, and, of course, I hope to secure some great results with the team.”
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Medical Director for the Center for Medical Genomics
Christiana Care Health System (CCHS) is looking to hire a BC/BE fellowship trained Medical Geneticist to join our Center of Medical Genomics as Medical Director.
The successful candidate will have completed a fellowship in Medical Genetics and Residency in any of the following: Internal Medicine, Pediatrics, Internal Medicine-Pediatrics, Family Medicine, Obstetrician/Gynecologist, or Maternal Fetal Medicine. We are looking for a Medical geneticist who is interested in developing and maintaining The Center for Medical Genomics to join our team of genetic counselors and provide evidence based genetic services. This Director level position is open due to organizational growth and development. Offering an exceptional work / life balance with an 8am-4:30pm five day work week.
Join an exceptional 15 person team comprised of genetic counselors, genetic assistants, residents, graduate students amongst other colleagues.
Provide adult genetic services and provide in-patient consults
Partner with various medical specialist and subspecialist for expansion of genetic services.
Expand and assist with laboratory utilization and review of genetic tests being ordered through the hospital: Genetic Laboratory testing Stewardship
Assist with the vetting of new genetic tests and technologies coming down the pipeline to determine clinical validity and inform hospital policies.
Act as a strategic decision maker with regards to population health initiatives.
Advise leadership on the strength of the current and future projects surrounding medical genomics and identify improvement initiatives and advancement opportunities.
Lucrative salary offered with aggressive bonuses and comprehensive benefits package.
Collaborate with other institutions (public and private) and with the community to devise and accomplish educational activities in and for the community.
Teach/mentor CCHS residents and genetic masters students.
Academic interest welcomed, but not required.
Working for Christiana Care Health System you will be part of one of the country's largest health care providers. CCHS is comprised of two hospitals and the Helen F. Graham Cancer Center and Research Institution totaling around 12,000 employees. An academic, not-for-profit, non-sectarian health system, Christiana Care is a regional center of excellence in cancer, cardiology and women's health services.
Due to its central location, working at Christiana Care and its Center of Medical Genomics in Newark, DE offers opportunities to live in urban, suburban, or rural environments with numerous housing options in Delaware, Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Maryland while still making for a reasonable commute. The area features excellent restaurants and entertainment venues, quality public and private schools and is a short driving distance to popular Delaware and New Jersey beach resorts, the Chesapeake Bay and Pocono mountains. With access to I-95 and Amtrak, you can also access Philadelphia, Baltimore, Washington, DC, or New York City.
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News Articles General Information Staff Association
Issue No. 27-28/2010 - Monday 5 July 2010
Printable version - Subscribe:
Download the printable colour version
Safely yours
Three ingredients for a healthy future
A new record peak luminosity for the LHC
The EN Department has a new leader
An urban plan for CERN
A technology developed at CERN captures the sun's energy
Moving into the third dimension
New auditorium for CERN
Children's drawings exhibited in the Globe
A new mural for the Globe
Highlights of the inauguration ceremony for the new permanent exhibition
The Library quenches your thirst
The Hardronic Festival doubles in size
And now, for the winners.
Rob Wolf 1947-2010
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Not just a facelift but a real change in the way that safety at CERN is supported by the Organization: the Safety Commission becomes the occupational Health & Safety and Environmental protection (HSE) Unit. The new name reflects a profound change in terms of vision, mission and, above all, effectiveness.
Safety is a broad term that incorporates many concepts and related issues. In the vision of the HSE Unit, safety is built on two pillars: occupational health & safety and environmental protection, both comprising conventional and radiological aspects. “Ensuring safety in these two areas is a matter of highest importance for the Organization”, says Ralf Trant, head of the HSE Unit. “Our vision focuses on improving our efficiency in serving the Organization in all matters of safety. For example, by enhancing the collaboration with the Departmental Safety Officers”.
“Safety at CERN builds on international norms and standards, best practices and above all on continuous improvement”, explains Enrico Cennini, Deputy Head of the Unit and the person responsible for relations with the Host State bodies in matters of safety. “Safety is a continuously evolving and improving area and an integral part of all work and activities”.
The definition and implementation of safety objectives for a research laboratory like CERN are not always easy and straightforward. “We assist in the definition and achievement of safety objectives. Our focus is providing advice and expert support on risk assessment, reduction and control, always in combination with suggestions for improvements”, says Ralf Trant.
“The role of the HSE Unit is evolving to provide more pro-active support in matters of safety to the Departments, which bear the responsibility for safety at CERN”, adds Enrico Cennini. “We will also continue to fulfill our role of monitoring that safety is correctly implemented, but it is important to first supply everyone with the necessary information and tools by raising awareness and reinforcing competence in safety matters”. For the HSE Unit this implies an increased effort in supplying information, training and supporting documentation that people will be able to refer to before starting a new project or item of work.
One of the missions of the Safety Commission was to prepare, on behalf of the Director-General, the so-called “Safety Clearance” of special equipment, installations, experiments and projects with major safety implications. “This is a sort of authorization, an official ‘green light’ ensuring that all safety requirements are met. We will continue to provide this service with a view to strongly emphasising the aspects of early pro-active support and monitoring, which precede the final clearance and facilitate it”, points out Enrico Cennini. “Our goal is to help and support people from the very early phases of, for example, a new project, rather than discovering at the end of the process that the set-up was not exactly in compliance with rules or best practices”.
The HSE Unit is there to help you identify potential issues before they become safety problems. If you have any doubts or if you observe areas that could be improved in terms of safety, do not hesitate to contact your supervisor, your Departmental Safety Officer or the HSE Unit.
For further information about the HSE Unit, visit the HSE new website.
The Bulletin will follow the activities of the HSE Unit with dedicated articles on the various services.
by CERN Bulletin
CERN Bulletin Info
CERN & HEP events
© Copyright CERN 2014
CERN Publications, DG-CO
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Free dating sites in usa 2015. Free Online Dating in United States
Free dating sites in usa 2015 Rating: 6,4/10 1949 reviews
new free dating site in usa 2015
On the other hand, it's also true that there are lots of great opportunities just waiting to unfold on Match. This free dating site allows you to find other singles going through similar situations. Things may work out great in the end but you will most likely need to make course corrections along the way. I had a great time at the Extreme Adventure Course up in Flagstaff. Many of their features are identical to the ones you find on the sites that cost hundreds of dollars. There have been a lot of nice people.
5 of the most successful online dating websites for scoring a date in 2015
I went bowling, I went to both singles mixers, both party buses, movies. Either way, make sure to tell them before any sexual contact. Maybe it's just that folks really are friendly or at least very cold in Canada and unusually grateful for human warmth but for whatever reason, Lifemates Canada seems to have a stellar record of forging new alliances. With offices in major cities, it's not restricted to a single geographic area. Like any do-it-yourself project, usine a site like Match. This is where dating services come in. Finally, as in all things, hope for the best but prepare for the worst.
The Top 10 Free Online Dating Sites For 2015
Last month, our Jennifer Abel wrote about a woman who to an online suitor who had concocted some sort of story about needing money to get to the U. Like people, they come in all shapes and sizes. The site also provides dating safety tips for those who are new to or apprehensive about online dating. It was more fun than sitting in church basements or working for political candidates which would be even worse than hanging out with journalists. Well, here's one that specializes in New England, a locale that can be a little forbidding and frosty to the uninitiated.
Top 9 HIV Dating Sites of 2015
My daughter assured me that in her circle of friends in Los Angeles, everyone just assumes when new relationships spring up that the people met online. Everyone has setbacks but all's well that ends well and, as they say, it's not over til it's over. You might meet up with someone like George of Farmington Hills, Mich. Only then should you provide your credit card number or fork over any cash. Back in my misspent youth as a reporter for large news agencies, I tended to move every year or two. A close friend, I was told, is in a serious relationship that grew out of , a site that operates much like Match but on a somewhat smaller scale.
Just make sure you follow every safety precaution before meeting somebody that you met online. Or, you may prefer to wait until you know the relationship has potential. The same rules apply to both free and paid dating websites. It's a good thing Poonsie came to her senses but lots of others don't. But my favorite was the Halloween haunted house party bus. There are even dating sites for virgins.
Free Online Dating in United States
No one really knows how many there are but the answer is somewhere in the thousands. If the prospect of spending a New England winter by yourself is a chilling prospect, Successful Singles may be the answer. On the other hand, it's a lot cheaper -- nearly free, in fact. Basic membership is free and includes a profile, five photos, browsing, searching, and instant messaging, among other features. Free Online Dating in United States - United States Singles Mingle2. I recognized Nigerian accent in phone and told them I was going to report them.
To get the best results, post photos in your profiles that are crisp, clear, honest and give potential matches the right impression of you. As far as I can see, none of them require a credit card. Hood ConsumerAffairs' founder and former editor, Jim Hood formerly headed Associated Press Broadcast News, directing coverage of major news events worldwide. Features also include a live dating advisor and online chat rooms. If a dating service says it will introduce you to two people a month, it's not realistic to expect it to produce more than that. As you would expect, this creates a lot more room for error.
It's easy to forget this, since it's generally the people who are disappointed who are most likely to go public, while those whose search is successful aren't as inclined to tell the world about it. What it comes down to is that there are risks in everything so as long as you take the obvious precautions -- don't meet strangers in dark places, don't send money to someone you've never met and don't reveal all your personal information in a single gush -- online dating is probably less dangerous than crossing a busy street or trying to clean out your gutters on a windy day. Since they're completely free, you can afford to join more than one internet dating website which increases your chances of finding the perfect match. I have enjoyed my experiences, and have made a connection with one of the women. You don't want there to be any surprises when you finally meet another member in person.
At a family dinner recently, I mentioned that I was working on a story about dating sites and was informed of Match. It also helps connect those looking for friendships. That's where Events and Adventures comes in. It uses location-based technology to find matches in your area. He also served as Senior Vice President of United Press International and was the founder and editor of Zapnews, a newswire service for radio and television. Just like other means of meeting candidates for romance, dating sites are fraught with peril.
Each profile is monitored carefully, and the site guarantees that your information is never disclosed or shared with other organizations. Even in the best circles, things are often not what they seem and online, they can be truly dreadful, even dangerous. But the same is true of just about any other method of meeting people. One negative review we read said the client wanted to meet no one older than 32 and became angry when one date turned out to be 34. This is the kind of thing that can happen on low-cost, mostly unmoderated sites so it's essential to be on your guard at all times.
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President of Catholic Relief Services and Bishop Richard Malone To Be Featured on "This is the Day"
On Friday, April 17th, Ken Hackett, President of Catholic Relief Services (CRS) will be featured on the CatholicTV talk show “This is the Day”. Also featured will be Bishop Richard Malone from Portland, Maine.
As President of CRS, Ken Hackett oversees operations in more than 100 countries, with a global staff of nearly 5,000. Despite a large number of dedicated employees, CRS puts 93% of donated money into programs and spends only 7% of donations on administration, fundraising, and awareness.
Ken Hackett graduated from Boston College in 1968. Upon graduation, he joined the Peace Corps and was assigned to serve in Ghana. Mr. Hackett joined CRS in 1972, starting his career in Sierra Leone. Mr. Hackett has led CRS since 1993. He has received honorary doctorate degrees from several colleges. In 2004, Mr. Hackett was named a Knight Commander of the Papal Order of Saint Gregory the Great, one of the highest Papal honors.
Also featured on “This is the Day” will be Bishop Richard Malone. Bishop Malone is the Bishop of the Diocese of Portland, Maine. He earned a Doctorate in Theology (Th.D.) at Boston University and a Licentiate in Sacred Theology (S.T.L.) at Weston Jesuit School of Theology, Cambridge in 1990. He has been the Boston archdiocesan liaison with the local Jewish community; and has lectured nationally on Catholic education. He has worked in education for years and will discuss faith formation for adolescents on the show.
These guests can be seen on Friday, April 17th live at 10:30AM (rebroadcast at 8PM). The show will also be streamed live at http://www.catholictv.com/ and will be available on the site’s archives starting Friday night.
You can now "follow" this blog, help spread the faith, and meet people with similar interests by clicking on "follow" to the right of this blog.
Labels: Bishops, CRS, hackett, malone
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For other uses, see Hestia (disambiguation).
In Ancient Greek religion, Hestia (/ˈhɛstiə, ˈhɛstʃə/; Greek: Ἑστία, "hearth" or "fireside") is the virgin goddess of the hearth, the right ordering of domesticity, the family, the home, and the state. In Greek mythology, she is the daughter and firstborn child of Kronos and Rhea.[1]
Goddess of the hearth, home, domesticity, family, and the state
The Giustiniani Hestia
Delphi or Mount Olympus
46 Hestia, 4 Vesta
The hearth and its fire
Cronus and Rhea
Demeter, Hera, Hades, Poseidon, Zeus, Chiron
Roman equivalent
Hestia received the first offering at every sacrifice in the household. In the public domain, the hearth of the prytaneum functioned as her official sanctuary. With the establishment of a new colony, flame from Hestia's public hearth in the mother city would be carried to the new settlement. Her Roman equivalent is Vesta;[2] Herodotus equates the Scythian Tabiti with her. The Zoroastrian holy fire (atar) of the Sasanians in Adhur Gushnasp was also equated with Hestia by Procopius.[3]
1 Name
2 Cults
2.1 Temples
3 Myths and attributes
4 Hestia Tapestry
5 Genealogy
NameEdit
Hestia's name means "hearth, fireplace, altar",[4] stemming from the PIE root *wes, "burn" (ult. from *h₂wes- "dwell, pass the night, stay").[5][6][7] It thus refers to the oikos, the domestic, home, household, house, or family. "An early form of the temple is the hearth house; the early temples at Dreros and Prinias on Crete are of this type as indeed is the temple of Apollo at Delphi which always had its inner hestia".[8] The Mycenaean great hall (megaron), like Homer's hall of Odysseus at Ithaca, had a central hearth. Likewise, the hearth of the later Greek prytaneum was the community and government's ritual and secular focus.[citation needed]
CultsEdit
Hestia's name and functions show the hearth's importance in the social, religious, and political life of ancient Greece. The hearth was essential for warmth, food preparation, and the completion of sacrificial offerings to deities. She was also offered the first and last libations of wine at feasts.[9] Her own sacrificial animal was a domestic pig.[10] The accidental or negligent extinction of a domestic hearth-fire represented a failure of domestic and religious care for the family; failure to maintain Hestia's public fire in her temple or shrine was a breach of duty to the broad community. A hearth fire might be deliberately, ritually extinguished at need, and its lighting or relighting should be accompanied by rituals of completion, purification and renewal, comparable with the rituals and connotations of an eternal flame and of sanctuary lamps. At the level of the polis, the hearths of Greek colonies and their mother cities were allied and sanctified through Hestia's cult. Hestia's nearest Roman equivalent, Vesta, had similar functions as a divine personification of Rome's "public", domestic, and colonial hearths, and bound Romans together within a form of extended family. The similarity of names between Hestia and Vesta is, however, misleading: "The relationship hestia-histie-Vesta cannot be explained in terms of Indo-European linguistics; borrowings from a third language must also be involved," according to Walter Burkert.[11]
Responsibility for Hestia's domestic cult usually fell to the leading woman of the household, sometimes to a man. Hestia's rites at the hearths of public buildings were usually led by holders of civil office; Dionysius of Halicarnassus testifies that the prytaneum of a Greek state or community was sacred to Hestia, who was served by the most powerful state officials.[12] Evidence of her priesthoods is extremely rare. Most stems from the early Roman Imperial era, when Sparta offers several examples of women with the priestly title "Hestia"; Chalcis offers one, a daughter of the local elite. Existing civic cults to Hestia probably served as stock for the grafting of Greek ruler-cult to the Roman emperor, the Imperial family and Rome itself. In Athens, a small seating section at the Theatre of Dionysus was reserved for priesthoods of "Hestia on the Acropolis, Livia, and Julia", and of "Hestia Romaion" ("Roman Hestia", thus "The Roman Hearth" or Vesta). A priest at Delos served "Hestia the Athenian Demos" (the people or state) "and Roma". An eminent citizen of Carian Stratoniceia described himself as a priest of Hestia and several other deities, as well as holding several civic offices. Hestia's political and civic functions are further evidenced by her very numerous privately funded dedications at civic sites, and the administrative rather than religious titles used by the lay-officials involved in her civic cults.[13]
Pausanias writes that the Eleans sacrifice first to Hestia and then to other gods.[14]
Athenaeus, in the Deipnosophistae, writes that in Naucratis the people dine in the Prytaneion on the natal day of Hestia Prytanitis (Ancient Greek: Ἑστίας Πρυτανίτιδος).[15]
TemplesEdit
Every private and public hearth or prytaneum was regarded as a sanctuary of the goddess, and a portion of the sacrifices, to whatever divinity they were offered, belonged to her. A statue of her reportedly existed in the Athenian Prytaneum:
"Hard by is the Prytaneon (Prytaneum) [the town-hall of Athens] . . . and figures are placed of the goddesses Eirene and Hestia."[16]
There was however very few temples dedicated to Hestia. Pausanias mention only two, in Ermioni and in Sparta:
"[At Hermione in Argolis :] Passing into the sanctuary of Hestia, we see no image, but only an altar, and they sacrifice to Hestia upon it.[17] [...] The Lakedaimonians (Lacedaemonians) also have a sanctuary of Hestia [at Sparta]."[18]
Myths and attributesEdit
Statue of Hestia (Wellesley College, Massachusetts, USA)
Hestia is a goddess of the first Olympian generation. She was the eldest daughter of the Titans Rhea and Cronus, and sister to Zeus, Poseidon, Demeter, Hera, and Hades. Immediately after their birth, Cronus swallowed all his children (Hestia was the first who was swallowed) except the last and youngest, Zeus, who forced Cronus to disgorge his siblings and led them in a war against their father and the other Titans.[19] As "first to be devoured . . . and the last to be yielded up again", Hestia was thus both the eldest and youngest daughter; this mythic inversion is found in the Homeric hymn to Aphrodite (700 BC).[20] Hestia rejects the marriage suits of Poseidon and Apollo, and swears herself to perpetual virginity. She thus rejects Aphrodite's values and becomes, to some extent, her chaste, domestic complementary, or antithesis. Aphrodite could not bend or ensnare her heart.[21]
Zeus assigns Hestia a duty to feed and maintain the fires of the Olympian hearth with the fatty, combustible portions of animal sacrifices to the gods.[22] Wherever food was cooked, or an offering was burnt, she thus had her share of honour; also, in all the temples of the gods she has a share of honour. "Among all mortals she was chief of the goddesses".[21]
Hestia's Olympian status is equivocal. At Athens "in Plato's time," notes Kenneth Dorter[23] "there was a discrepancy in the list of the twelve chief gods, as to whether Hestia or Dionysus was included with the other eleven. The altar to them at the agora, for example, included Hestia, but the east frieze of the Parthenon had Dionysus instead." Hestia's omission from some lists of the Twelve Olympians is sometimes taken as illustration of her passive, non-confrontational nature – by giving her Olympian seat to the more forceful Dionysus she prevents heavenly conflict – but no ancient source or myth describes such a surrender or removal.[24] "Since the hearth is immovable Hestia is unable to take part even in the procession of the gods, let alone the other antics of the Olympians", Burkert remarks.[25] Her mythographic status as firstborn of Rhea and Cronus seems to justify the tradition in which a small offering is made to Hestia before any sacrifice ("Hestia comes first").
Not so for every Greek in every generation, however: in Odyssey 14, 432–436, the loyal swineherd Eumaeus begin the feast for his master Odysseus by plucking tufts from a boar's head and throwing them into the fire with a prayer addressed to all the powers, then carved the meat into seven equal portions: "one he set aside, lifting up a prayer to the forest nymphs and Hermes, Maia's son."[26]
The ambiguities in Hestia's mythology are matched by her indeterminate attributes, character, and iconography. She is identified with the hearth as a physical object, and the abstractions of community and domesticity, but portrayals of her are rare and seldom secure.[27] In classical Greek art, she is occasionally depicted as a woman, simply and modestly cloaked in a head veil. She is sometimes shown with a staff in hand or by a large fire. She sat on a plain wooden throne with a white woolen cushion and did not trouble to choose an emblem for herself.[1]
Homeric Hymn 24, To Hestia, is a brief invocation of five lines:
Hestia, you who tend the holy house of the lord Apollo, the Far-shooter at goodly Pytho, with soft oil dripping ever from your locks, come now into this house, come, having one mind with Zeus the all-wise: draw near, and withal bestow grace upon my song.[28]
Homeric Hymn 29, To Hestia, is another invocation for the goddess and to Hermes:
Hestia, in the high dwellings of all, both deathless gods and men who walk on earth, you have gained an everlasting abode and highest honour: glorious is your portion and your right. For without you mortals hold no banquet, -- where one does not duly pour sweet wine in offering to Hestia both first and last. And you, slayer of Argus (Hermes's epithet), Son of Zeus and Maia, messenger of the blessed gods, bearer of the golden rod, giver of good, be favourable and help us, you and Hestia, the worshipful and dear. Come and dwell in this glorious house in friendship together; for you two, well knowing the noble actions of men, aid on their wisdom and their strength. Hail, Daughter of Cronos, and you also, Hermes, bearer of the golden rod! Now I will remember you and another song also.[29]
Hestia full of Blessings, Egypt, 6th century tapestry (Dumbarton Oaks Collection)
There is also an Orphic Hymn dedicated to Hestia.[30]
The 11th Nemean ode of Pindar writes about Hestia.[31][32]
Hestia TapestryEdit
Main article: Hestia Tapestry
The Hestia Tapestry is a Byzantine tapestry, made in Egypt during the 6th century AD. It is a late representation of the goddess, whom it identifies in Greek as Hestia Polyolbos; (Greek: Ἑστία Πολύολβος "Hestia full of Blessings"). Its history and symbolism are discussed in Friedlander (1945).[33]
GenealogyEdit
Hestia's family tree [34]
Uranus Gaia
Uranus' genitals Cronus Rhea
Zeus Hera Poseidon Hades Demeter HESTIA
Ares Hephaestus
Athena [37]
Apollo Artemis
a [38] b [39]
Ancient Greece portal
Myths portal
Religion portal
Sacred fire of Vesta
^ a b Graves, Robert. "The Palace of Olympus". Greek Gods and Heroes.
^ Hughes, James. (1995). Larousse Desk Reference Encyclopedia, p. 215. Larousse/The Book People.
^ Procopius, History of the Wars, Book II, XXIV
^ R. S. P. Beekes, Etymological Dictionary of Greek, Brill, 2009, p. 471.
^ Calvert Watkins, "wes-", in: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, Boston 1985 (web archive).
^ Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q. (2006-08-24). The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World. OUP Oxford. p. 220. ISBN 978-0-19-928791-8.
^ West, M. L. (2007-05-24). Indo-European Poetry and Myth. OUP Oxford. p. 145. ISBN 978-0-19-928075-9.
^ Burkert, p. 61.
^ Homeric Hymn 29, tr. Evelyn-White, Hugh G.
^ Bremmer, Jan. N., in Ogden, D. (Ed). (2010). A Companion to Greek Religion, Wiley-Blackwell, Google Books preview, p. 134, ISBN 978-1-4443-3417-3.
^ Burkert, p. 415, 3.3.1 n. 2.
^ Kajava, p. 5.
^ Kajava, pp. 1, 3, 5.
^ Pausanias, Description of Greece, 5.14.4
^ Athenaeus, Deipnosophists, 4.149
^ Pausanias, Description of Greece 1. 18. 3 (trans. Jones) (Greek travelogue C2nd A.D.)
^ Pausanias, Description of Greece 2. 35. 1
^ Pausanias, Description of Greece 3. 11. 11
^ Hesiod, Theogony 453 ff.
^ Kereny, p. 91
^ a b "Homeric Hymns, To Aphrodite".
^ Kajava, pp. 1–2.
^ Dorter, K. (1971). Imagery and Philosophy in Plato's Phaedrus. Journal of the History of Philosophy, 9 (3), 279–288 (July 1971).
^ Kereny, p. 92: "there is no story of Hestia's ever having taken a husband or ever having been removed from her fixed abode."
^ Burkert, p. 170.
^ Robert Fagles' translation
^ Hymn 24 to Hestia.
^ Homeric Hymn to Hestia 29.1
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
^ THE ORPHIC HYMN TO HESTIA
^ Pindar, Nemean Odes, 11.1, EN
^ Pindar, Nemean Odes, 11.1, GR
^ Friedlander, Paul. (1945). Documents of Dying Paganism. University of California Press.
^ This chart is based upon Hesiod's Theogony, unless otherwise noted.
^ According to Homer, Iliad 1.570–579, 14.338, Odyssey 8.312, Hephaestus was apparently the son of Hera and Zeus, see Gantz, p. 74.
^ According to Hesiod, Theogony 927–929, Hephaestus was produced by Hera alone, with no father, see Gantz, p. 74.
^ According to Hesiod, Theogony 886–890, of Zeus' children by his seven wives, Athena was the first to be conceived, but the last to be born; Zeus impregnated Metis then swallowed her, later Zeus himself gave birth to Athena "from his head", see Gantz, pp. 51–52, 83–84.
^ According to Hesiod, Theogony 183–200, Aphrodite was born from Uranus' severed genitals, see Gantz, pp. 99–100.
^ According to Homer, Aphrodite was the daughter of Zeus (Iliad 3.374, 20.105; Odyssey 8.308, 320) and Dione (Iliad 5.370–71), see Gantz, pp. 99–100.
Burkert, Walter. (1985). Greek Religion. Harvard University Press.
Gantz, Timothy, Early Greek Myth: A Guide to Literary and Artistic Sources, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996, Two volumes: ISBN 978-0-8018-5360-9 (Vol. 1), ISBN 978-0-8018-5362-3 (Vol. 2).
Hesiod, Theogony, in The Homeric Hymns and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White, Cambridge, Massachusetts., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1914. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
Homer, The Iliad with an English Translation by A.T. Murray, Ph.D. in two volumes. Cambridge, Massachusetts., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann, Ltd. 1924. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
Homer; The Odyssey with an English Translation by A.T. Murray, PH.D. in two volumes. Cambridge, Massachusetts., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann, Ltd. 1919. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
Kajava, Mika. "Hestia Hearth, Goddess, and Cult", Harvard Studies in Classical Philology 102 (2004): 1–20.
Kerenyi, Karl. (1951). The Gods of the Greeks.
Stephenson, Hamish. (1985). The Gods of the Romans and Greeks. NYT Writer.
Friedlander, Paul. (1945). Documents of Dying Paganism. University of California Press.
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Carlos Parada, "Hestia"
Socrates to Hermogenes about Hestia - Estia - Esti (Eesti) - Osia
Hestia "Polyolbos" Dumbarton Oaks site.
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DLJ Online
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Tag: capital punishment
Why Race Matters in Louisiana’s Capital Punishment System
In a scathing critique of McCleskey v. Kemp (1987), the Los Angeles Times compared the plurality decision to the likes of Dred Scott (1857), Plessy (1896), and Korematsu (1894). “Pilate-like, the Rehnquist Supreme Court has washed its hands of any responsibility to reject the death penalty on racist grounds” (Bedau, 1987). Even when presented with a comprehensive study of racial discrimination in capital cases, the Court ruled 5-4 that it was irrelevant to the case at hand, and thus sentenced Warren McCleskey, an African American, to death. Justice Powell, who wrote the majority opinion, later told a biographer that he regretted his decision, saying that the death penalty should be abolished altogether (as cited in Pierce & Radelet, 2011). If State legislatures across the U.S. joined in the spirit of Powell’s words, the death penalty would no longer disproportionately send African Americans to death row. Short of abolition, legislatures enacted new statutes to reduce the effects of racial bias in the aftermath of Gregg v. Georgia (1976). Sadly, race still plays a significant role in sentencing rates, especially in rural areas of southern states faulted by a segregationist past. Louisiana, in particular, has one of the most alarming rates of blacks sentenced to death row. While this does not immediately indicate racism, it questions the legitimacy of a system largely crafted by racist white Southerners after Reconstruction. Hence, Louisiana’s enduring legacy of Jim Crow inequality has rendered post-Gregg reform inadequate in mitigating race as a factor in capital punishment cases.
The era of de jure equality ushered in by Reconstruction was only seen as a rallying cry for disillusioned white Southerners in the 1870s. After years of Republican “carpetbagger” rule of the State government, the removal of federal troops from Louisiana allowed for an angry white citizenry to exploit a political power vacuum. Sarma and Smith (2012) note this exchange of power by a marked contrast in Southern politics, most notably seen at the 1898 State Constitutional Convention. White delegates from around the state adopted a plan to disenfranchise “as many Negroes and as few whites as possible” (as cited in Sarma & Smith, 2012). The early roots of Jim Crow were thus planted by restricting access to the ballot box and subduing other forms of political participation, via legal discrimination. For example, leaders at the Convention crafted a criminal code for their new government that allowed for non-unanimous jury verdicts in non-capital cases. One contemporary account explains the rationale: “As a [black] juror…if a negro be on trial for any crime, he becomes at once his earnest champion, and a hung jury is the usual result” ( as cited in Sarma & Smith, 2012). Thus, in a situation where the 11 members of a jury are white, the remaining black juror could not block a guilty verdict, essentially making his role useless. Convicting innocent black defendants became easier since the jury was no longer one of his peers, but rather one of his trespassers. And whenever legalized racism was insufficient, whites resorted to overt intimidation in the form of lynching. Between 1889 and 1896, there were ninety-five lynchings reported in Louisiana, with blacks representing 85% of the victims (Sarma & Smith, 2012). Perhaps not surprisingly, four of the five places with the highest frequency of lynching in the U.S. were in Louisiana parishes (Robertson, 2015). Indeed, the noose became more than just a symbol of violence, fear, and suppression. With the nearly one-hundred-year reign of Jim Crow in the South, the noose became a perpetual reminder of cyclical inequality, violence, inferiority, and hopelessness for African Americans.
Today, the wounds inflicted on Southern life by racial tensions are far from healed. To be sure, Southerners largely abandoned public lynchings and “white only” signs with a gradual changing of social norms after the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Explicit racism in the South is a dying practice now reserved mostly for extremist groups like the Ku Klux Klan. However, the remnants of the past have been resurrected habitually in some parts of the state. The rural town of Jena in La Salle Parish, for instance, was mired by racial unrest in 2006, when six black male students attacked Justin Barker, a white student, in their high school courtyard. The altercation started after black students noticed three hanging nooses from an oak tree in front of the school. While school officials denied any claims of segregation, the boys, now known as the “Jena Six,” claimed that, in practice, white students were not open to allowing black students to sit under the oak tree during breaks (Coll, 2007). The events surrounding the schoolyard violence are murky at best since conflicting eyewitness accounts provided dubious evidence for a trial. Ultimately, the prosecution dropped all of the charges against the Jena Six. But one thing is undoubtedly known: for white Southerners, “small town justice in the Deep South” often means criminalizing blacks regardless of guilt (Coll, 2007). And whenever retributive justice involves capital punishment, prosecutors are eager to pursue it. In fact, “cowboy” style prosecutors (that is, prosecutors who seek capital cases with fervor) are quite ubiquitous throughout Louisiana’s justice system. Jefferson Parish prosecutors are especially notorious for their readiness to sentence people to death, “which has put more people on Louisiana’s death row in recent years than any other parish” (Gettleman, 2003). In 2003, three years before the Jena Six incident, two assistant district attorneys from Jefferson Parish “wore neckties depicting a hangman’s noose and grim reaper,” at the trial of a sixteen-year-old charged with first-degree murder (Gettleman, 2003). Another assistant district attorney in Jefferson Parish “displayed a toy electric chair in his office with five picture cutouts of each individual he had sent to death row. All were black” (Richey, 2007, p. 2). In any case, it would be hard to argue these displays of dark humor do not represent racist views of blacks deserving of death and whites being keepers of “law and order.”
At a minimum, it is clear that some Louisiana prosecutors are eager to seek the death penalty, especially when the defendant is African American. Unfortunately,
bloodthirsty prosecutors are not the only injustices that blacks face during trial. Blacks are consistently denied jury participation, even in areas where they are the majority. One study found that in Caddo Parish, where blacks represent half of the population, they constitute only 25% of the juries in capital cases (Sarma & Smith, 2012). A disparity that large creates an opportunity for an ambitious prosecutor to use racial appeals to lead an all-white jury towards a guilty verdict. Allen Snyder, who was on trial in Jefferson Parish for first-degree murder, faced a similar situation. All five prospective black jurors were dismissed by the assistant district attorney during preliminary hearings, resulting in an all-white jury (Richey, 2007, p. 2). More disturbingly, the prosecutor used implicit racial appeals before and during the trial when articulating comparisons between the Snyder case and the O.J. Simpson case. The defense attorney for Snyder later wrote that the prosecution “knew that by selecting an all-white jury there was a likelihood that his appeal to race would play on the resentments [lingering from the Simpson acquittal] of at least some members of the jury” (as cited in Richey, 2007, p. 2). While Snyder was clearly guilty, the prosecution’s tactics were unethical and unconstitutional. It is not possible to be guaranteed a fair trial (Sixth Amendment right) or equal protection under the law (Fourteenth Amendment) when the very system of justice deliberately creates an uneven playing field. The implications of such a system are not only unfair, but it increases the chance of wrongful conviction. Of the 155 death sentences ordered by Louisiana courts, 127 of them—82%— were later reversed (Editorial Board, 2016, p. 18). Most of the defendants were later exonerated due to a violation of the “defendant’s constitutional rights, such as prosecutorial misconduct, improper jury instructions and incompetent lawyering” (Editorial Board, 2016, p. 18).
The disparities in sentencing rates extend beyond Jefferson and Caddo Parishes. The trend generally holds statewide, both pre-Furman and post-Gregg. Between 1772 and 1961, of the 632 executions that took place in Louisiana, 77% of them (578) resulted in the execution of black defendants (race of the victim was not recorded according to the study) (Pierce & Radelet, 2011). Looking to the race of the victim reveals more disparities. Between 1983 and 2010, 85% of defendants executed were convicted of killing white victims (Pierce & Radelet, 2011). It would seem plausible to dismiss such statistics on the premise that blacks just commit murder at a higher rate than whites. Further, some would point to evidence that blacks murder whites at a higher rate than whites murder other whites. Pierce & Radelet’s study refutes those arguments. First, the study examined death sentences in East Baton Rouge Parish, which is the third largest parish in the state by population (behind Orleans and Jefferson Parishes). After cross-referencing similar cases involving white and black victims that have similar aggravating factors and controlling all other variables, “those who kill whites are still more than twice as likely to be sentenced to death as those who kill blacks” (Pierce & Radelet, 2011). Second, from 1991 to 2001, 82.8% of homicide victims were black, “but only 47.8% of those sentenced to death since 1990 were convicted of killing blacks” (Pierce & Radelet, 2011). These statistics show that blacks do not murder at a higher rate than whites. In addition, it also shows that the white-on-black crime dyad is not punished as often as the black-on-white or white-on-white dyads (Pierce & Radelet, 2011).
Reforms in the post-Gregg era, then, have not solved the problems of racial bias. The de facto death penalty moratorium ended when the U.S. Supreme Court approved of Georgia’s new sentencing schemes in the landmark case Gregg v. Georgia (1976). Significant changes in its criminal code included, among other things, a mandatory automatic appeals process for capital cases that ended in a conviction. Louisiana remodeled their law similarly, while also adding “Rule 28,” requiring that the “district attorney and the defendant shall file sentence review memoranda addressed to the propriety of the sentence” (Sarma, Bidish & Cohn, 2009). These Sentence Review Memoranda (SRM) lists all past capital cases within the district that the case at hand was tried in. The Louisiana Supreme Court then conducts a proportionality review, using the SRMs to examine inconsistencies or arbitrariness with the lower court’s decision. However, Sarma et al., (2009) has noted that this process is “woefully deficient.” Districts that have either never carried out a death sentence or have tried very few do not serve well in a proportionality review. Lafayette Parish, for example, has only tried one death penalty case since 1950. The SRM in Lafayette’s most recent capital case, State v. Prejean (2008), could only compare elements of arbitrariness with a case that was nearly sixty years old—not to mention it was also pre-Gregg (Sarma et al., 2009). Another problem with Louisiana’s proportionality review is its focus on cases that ended with the defendant sentenced to death. Cases that show similarity in the type of crime committed or the number of aggravations present are not considered if they only resulted in life imprisonment. Chief Justice Krivosha is most critical of Louisiana’s review system by using the analogy of public transportation; it is erroneous to conclude that “since everyone in the back of the bus looks alike, there is no discrimination” because it is also necessary “to look at who is riding in the front of the bus as well in order to determine whether persons in the back are being discriminated against” (as cited in Sarma et al., 2009). SRM’s are thus ineffective because they do not include cases with similar criminal elements or cases that did not result in the death penalty. Moreover, defendants from districts with limited history of the death penalty are more likely not to receive a fair appeals challenge.
Conventional wisdom and scholarly opinions have advocated that the death penalty reduces murder rates in certain instances. The fairness of the death penalty, on the other hand, is an entirely different issue. Some states may not have issues with discrimination in their justice systems; indeed, some of the post-Gregg reforms may have been effective at reducing racial bias. But if the death penalty cannot be applied equally across all fifty states, then it is hard to argue for anything less than its complete abandonment. Not only would retention create issues of arbitrariness based on geography, but it would violate the fundamentals of a justice system based on equal protection under the law. In the case of Louisiana, not only is it evident that there exists racial bias, but it is also the case that the archaic system was purposefully crafted to target blacks more than whites. Such a system is immoral, unjust, and flat out racist. Only when Louisiana lawmakers realize the racist history of the death penalty can there be a movement towards abolition.
Bedau, A.H. “Someday Mccleskey will be Death Penality’s Dred Scott.” Los Angeles Times, 1 May 1987, http://articles.latimes.com/1987-05-01/local/me-1592_1_death-penalty.
Coll, S. “Disparities.” The New Yorker, 8 Oct. 2007, http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2007/10/08/disparities.
Editorial Board. “Louisiana’s Color Coded Death Penalty.” The New York Times, 9 May 2016. https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/09/opinion/louisianas-color-coded-death-penalty.html?_r=0.
Gettleman, J. “Prosecutor’s Morbid Neckties Stir Criticism.” The New York Times, 5 Jan. 2003, http://www.nytimes.com/2003/01/05/us/prosecutors-morbid-neckties-stir-criticism.html.
Pierce, L. G., & Radelet, L. M. “Death Sentencing in East Baton Rouge Parish.” 2011, 1990-2008. Louisiana Law Review.
Richey, W. “How Hard Can Judges Crack Down on Bias?” Christian Science Monitor, pp. 2.
Robertson, C. “History of Lynching in the South Documents Nearly 4,000 Names.” The New York Times, 10 Feb 2015. http://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/10/us/history-of-lynchings-in-the-south-documents-nearly-4000-names.html.
Sarma, J. B. & Smith, J. R. “How and Why Race Continues to Influence The Administration of Criminal Justice in Louisiana. 2012, Louisiana Law Review.
– – – & Cohen, B. G. (2009). “Struck by Lightning: Walker v. Georgia and Louisiana’s Proportionality Review of Death Sentences. Southern Louisiana Law Review.
Cruel and Unusual History: Exploring the Case Law that Shaped the Eighth Amendment
The American judicial system ensures the continuation of democracy. But the democracy of the American judicial system is entirely dependent on the civil liberties housed in the Bill of Rights. Within the Bill of Rights are special protections for everyone involved in the judicial system, included those who are criminally accused. Everyone is entitled to the right not to incriminate oneself (Fifth Amendment), the right to a fair, speedy public trial and to counsel (Sixth Amendment), the right to be protected from cruel and unusual punishment (Eighth Amendment), and the right to due process (Fourteenth Amendment). The Eighth Amendment is perhaps the most enigmatic clause in the Constitution. This paper will explore how the court interprets such an ambiguous clause and how this has developed over time, specifically exploring its application to capital punishment and to a much lesser extent torture.
In order to analyze how the Eighth Amendment has changed over time, it is necessary to examine the amendment itself. The entirety of the Eighth Amendment reads as such: “Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.”[i] For the purposes of this paper, only the segment “nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted” will be examined. The Eighth Amendment on its face is incredibly vague. It contains no definition for “cruel and unusual”, nor any procedure for determining what is and is not “cruel and unusual.” While this is not atypical for constitutional amendments, it is particularly troublesome in the case of the Eighth Amendment because it is not explicitly clear the extent to which the phrase should be interpreted. Torture, for instance, falls into this gray area. Historical context suggests that torture (as an interrogation method, not specifically as a punishment) was considered “cruel and unusual,” but this intention is not necessarily enough to determine if torture is explicitly incompatible with the Eighth Amendment.[ii] Torture was certainly practiced in the U.S. after the enactment of the Eighth Amendment, so even if there was historical context to suggest the Framers intended to outlaw torture, the reality and the lack of enforcement of this clause establishes an alternate precedent. Capital punishment is another issue under the Eighth Amendment. However, more clearly, all evidence suggests that capital punishment was never meant to be outlawed by the Eighth Amendment. But this leads to the question, if executing a criminal is not “cruel and unusual,” what is? Torture and capital punishment are two of the most glaring examples of “cruel and unusual” punishments to a modern reader that were permitted by the constitution and case law for an extended period of time.
For the purposes of this paper, torture and capital punishment must be briefly defined. Torture is the infliction of pain either as a punishment or an interrogative method. While the two are obviously linked, they are legally separate and governed by different laws and precedents. Torture as an interrogative method is governed by the Fifth Amendment, which secures the right to due process and a fair trial. Under the right to a fair trial comes legal procedures for what is constitutional in regards to interrogation; torture as an interrogative method will not be explored in this paper as it does not pertain to the Eighth Amendment. Capital punishment is the government sanctioned execution of a criminal as punishment for their crime. The death penalty is a sentence given by either a judge or a jury after a trial. The method of execution has evolved over time, but it is currently lethal injection. The humaneness and legality of the specific forms of execution will be examined only when pertinent to the development of the “cruel and unusual” clause.
Until Wilkerson v. Utah (1878), there was no case law precedent for the interpretation of “cruel and unusual punishment.” In 1877, Wallace Wilkerson shot and killed William Baxter. He was tried for premeditated murder in a Utah criminal court. Wilkerson was sentenced to death; a Utah statute (passed in 1862) allowed for anyone sentenced to be executed to choose to be shot, hanged, or beheaded. Wilkerson chose to be shot. The case was then appealed on a writ of error to the Supreme Court (as Utah was a territory at the time and its authority not yet clearly defined), who upheld that no error had been made and that Wilkerson’s death sentence and mode of death were constitutional. Justice Nathan Clifford delivered the opinion of the court, in which he explicitly stated “it is safe to affirm that punishments of torture…and all others in the same line of unnecessary cruelty, are forbidden by [the Eighth] amendment to the Constitution.”[iii] This establishes a strong precedent for the application Eighth Amendment. The court is clear in stating that torture and any punishment like it violates the Eighth Amendment. While establishing some type of definition, Clifford still concedes that it is extremely difficult to “define with exactness the extent of the constitutional provision which provides that cruel and unusual punishment shall not be inflicted.”[iv] The court does not offer a clear guideline for how to determine if something is “cruel and unusual,”, but rather admit that because it is impossible because the framers intent cannot be fully determined. Still, they establish that torture as a punishment violates the amendment., but reaffirm that capital punishment does not. Clifford also expressly states that death by shooting “is not included in that category within the meaning of the Eighth Amendment.”[v] In doing so, he references the “unusual” aspect of the Eighth Amendment. Clifford argues that because shooting is a common form of execution for military crimes, it is therefore not an unusual punishment under the Eighth Amendment.[vi] The usualness of a punishment is rarely dealt with under the Eighth Amendment (as methods of execution are typically highly regulated), but Wilkerson lays out a precedent for evaluating it. The commonality of a type of execution therefore determines whether or not it is “unusual”, but this is not without problems of its own. There is not strict guideline for determining commonality besides opinion. Wilkerson may have started to tackle the various issues of the Eighth Amendment, but it is not without its own hypocrisy. As pointed out by Gilbert King in an op-ed for the New York Times, Wilkerson’s death was ironic in light of the precedent his case established. The firing squad did not instantly kill Wilkerson; instead, he slowly bled out over a half hour.[vii] At this time, there was no precedent for whether a prolonged death constituted “cruel and unusual,” but it would more than likely be considered torture.
The issue of prolonged death was quickly remedied in 1890, with the case of In Re Kemmler. William Kemmler was convicted of first degree murder and sentenced to death by electric chair, the first New York citizen to be executed in such a manner. His attorney filed an emergency writ of habeas corpus to stay the execution to examine what he believed to be violations to the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments. The case traveled through the New York Court of Appeals, after which it was appealed to the Supreme Court on a writ of error. In the opinion, written by Chief Justice Fuller, the court goes into detail about why the state of New York choose electrocution as a method of execution, citing state legislation that found electrocution to be the most humane form of execution. In exploring the idea of a human execution, the court gives a firmer definition of “cruel and unusual”, stating:
“Punishments are cruel when they involve torture or a lingering death; but the punishment of death is not cruel within the meaning of that word as used in the constitution. It implies there something inhuman and barbarous,-something more than the mere extinguishment of life. The courts of New York held that the mode adopted in this instance might be said to be unusual because it was new, but that it could not be assumed to be cruel in the light of the common knowledge which has stamped certain punishments as such”[viii]
This establishes a baseline definition for the term “cruel.” Firstly, the court explicitly states that both torture and lingering death are cruel. The court also sets an important precedent for determining if a punishment is cruel or not. If a punishment can be deemed either “inhumane” or “barbarous” or has a motive that is “something more than the mere extinguishment of life,” then it is cruel. This reiterates the justification for the electric chair being found not cruel, as the court referenced extensive research done that proved its humaneness. The definition of “cruel” is limited in the sense that it in large part deals with capital punishment, due to the phrase “extinguishment of life.” It is also further limited by the adjectives “inhumane” and “barbarous” which, like “cruel”, lack a clear legal definition. Despite declaring torture a form of punishment and developing a cruelty test, the court fails to specifically define “cruel” outside of its relationship to capital punishment. Dealing specifically with capital punishment, the court declares that it does not fit the Constitution’s definition of “cruel.” The court clarifies the Constitution’s meaning of “cruel” as an implication of “something inhumane and barbarous.” This is limited only in the context of capital punishment, being once again limited as beyond “the mere extinguishing of life.” Nor does the court deal with the issue of “unusual”, even though this was the first death by electric chair in the state, making it unusual by definition. Instead, they imply that its humaneness outweighs its unusualness. This, therefore, defines “unusual” as being inhumane. However, as aforementioned, the court rarely deals with “unusual”, and this precedent is barely relied upon. In Re Kemmler marks a landmark in the interpretation of the Eighth Amendment by codifying capital punishment as not “cruel,” and in a limited sense outlawing torture as a form of punishment.
While Wilkerson and Kemmler attempted to set some restrictions on the Eighth Amendment, Weems v. United States used a different method. Instead of attempting to find a universal definition for “cruel and unusual,” the court in Weems embraced the ambiguity of the clause and tried to find a universal approach. In 1910, Paul Weems, who worked for the Bureau of the Coast Guard and Transportation for the United States government in the Philippines, manipulated the cash book by changing employees’ wages so he could profit. He was convicted of fraud and the falsification of public documents in a court in the Philippines. He was sentenced to:
“fifteen years of [shackles], together with the accessories of section 56 of the Penal Code, and to pay affine of 4,000 pesetas, but not to serve imprisonment as a subsidiary punishment in case of his insolvency, on account of the nature of the main penalty, and to pay the costs of this cause.”[ix]
Also in his sentence was hard labor.[x] Weems appealed to the Supreme Court of the Philippines, which held the conviction. He then appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court on several questions, including whether or not fifteen years of imprisonment was “cruel and unusual” and if the extent of the sentence matched the crime. Justice McKenna delivered the court opinion and stated that past cases and applications of the “cruel and unusual” clause have either been in relation to “something inhuman and barbarous – torture and the like” or sentence proportionality with the crime.[xi] He also states that there has never been a case presented to the Supreme Court that demanded an exact definition.[xii] From this, McKenna explores a multitude of cases that previously grappled with the Eighth Amendment. He firstly points out that on its face the Philippine’s punishments violate the Bill of Rights “both in degree and kind,” and that the specific terms of Weems’ punishment (particularly the shackles and hard labor) constitute “cruel and unusual.”[xiii] By doing this, McKenna creates a new basis to explore the Eighth Amendment: public opinion, sentiments and standards. McKenna compared U.S. punishments to punishments in the Philippines and based on this standard ruled that they were cruel and unusual and therefore unconstitutional. As such, the court reversed Weems’ sentencing. McKenna’s opinion establishes a crucial precedent for the Eighth Amendment. In the opinion, he states that the Eighth Amendment “may be therefore progressive, and is not fastened to the obsolete, but may acquire meaning as public opinion becomes enlightened by a humane justice.”[xiv] McKenna crafts a new vision of the Eighth Amendment, one where “cruel and unusual” is determined by public opinion and standards. While this does not invalidate the definitions for “cruel and unusual” established by Wilkerson and Kemmler, the creation of the public standard test solidifies the idea that there is no satisfactory universal definition for the Eighth Amendment.
The Weems precedent played a crucial role as the court grappled with developing the Eighth Amendment throughout the 1970s. McGautha v. California, Furman v. Georgia, and Gregg v. Georgia are three major Supreme Court cases between 1971 and 1976 that exemplified the Eighth Amendment’s contentious nature. In McGautha, two petitioners (one from California, petition No. 203 and one from Ohio, petition No. 204) were both convicted of first-degree murder. No. 203’s sentence was left to the jury and was determined in a separate trial after his conviction. This case was petitioned to the Supreme Court on a writ of certiorari on the grounds that No. 203’s death penalty was determined by the jury without standards, which he claimed was unconstitutional. No. 24’s case was also petitioned on a writ of certiorari because his sentencing and punishment determination were done at the same time (as opposed to bifurcated trials), where the jury once again had absolute control. The legal question for both cases was whether determining conviction and punishment in the same proceeding was constitutional. The court found no constitutional violations and held both convictions and penalties. Justice Harlan delivered the court opinion. He justified absolute jury discretion over punishment and the non-necessity of bifurcated trial.[xv] In his discussion of the petitioners’ claim that full jury discretion was unconstitutional, Harlan, based on historical English Common law, Supreme Court precedent, “and the present limitations of human knowledge, [found] it quite impossible to say that committing to the untrammeled discretion of the jury the power to pronounce life or death in capital cases is offensive to anything in the Constitution.”[xvi] McGautha expands on the issue of a lack of definition that the court referenced in Weems and takes it one step further, firmly acknowledging that there cannot be a universal definition. This was a departure from the court’s approach in Wilkerson and Kemmler. The court here is codifying that the “cruel and unusual” clause does not need to have strict legal standards, as opposed to attempting narrowing the phrase. Instead, the court establishes that the Eighth Amendment is to be interpreted on a (quite literally) case-by-case basis. As it originally stood in the Constitution, “cruel and unusual” could develop a definition through case law (as seen with Wilkerson and In Re Kemmler). Now, however, the court essentially invalidates precedent by saying that past cases and “human knowledge” cannot create a universal definition or application for the Eighth Amendment. The court does not acknowledge how the individual cases will be determined, ignoring the Weems precedent. McGautha established that not only did there not need to be specific standards to sentencing someone to capital punishment, but there could not be.
McGautha was overturned one year later in Furman v. Georgia. Furman, like McGautha, was multiple cases combined, all of which were appealed to the Supreme Court on writs of certiorari. The first petitioner (Furman) was robbing a house during the night; after the homeowner awoke, Furman attempted to flee and in doing so either turned around and blindly fired his weapon or tripped and in doing so accidentally fired his weapon, but ultimately killing the homeowner. Both of these stories come from contradicting statements from Furman during his trial. He was convicted of felony robbery and murder and subsequently sentenced to death. The second case, Jackson v. Georgia, involved the petitioner (Lucious Jackson Petr Jr.) attempting to rob a home. He threatened the woman of the house with a pair of scissors, and upon the discovery that there was no money for him to steal, he raped her. He was convicted of felony robbery and rape and sentenced to death. In the last case, Branch v. Texas, Elmer Branch broke into a home, raped the woman who lived there, took the money from her wallet, and fled. He was tried and convicted for rape and sentenced to death. All three petitioners (who, it should be noted, were all African American males) petitioned on the question of whether or not the death penalty violated the “cruel and unusual” clause of the Eighth Amendment. In a per-curiam opinion (again, one year after McGautha), the court stated that, for these three cases, the death penalty violated the Eighth Amendment because of the lack of clear standards and reversed all the decisions. The case was decided by a 5-4 opinion with every single judge writing an opinion. Most of the concurring opinions (no judge joined on another opinion so they all stand individually) use strict scrutiny to examine the cases before them. Several of the concurring opinions mention the apparent racism in the decisions.[xvii] Both Justices Brennan and Marshall conclude in their concurring opinions that capital punishment on its face is unconstitutional.[xviii] Stewart, however, insists that the decisions must be taken in context within their state’s constitution and precedent (he points out that neither Georgia or Texas have stated that death is the automatic punishment for murder or rape), in order to understand and determine the extent of the seemingly arbitrary nature of the decisions (why were these defendants sentenced to death, but not others who committed the same crimes in the same states?).[xix] He then uses this to argue for the “cruelty” of the punishments, as “they excessively go beyond, not in degrees but in kind, the punishments that the State legislatures have determined to be necessary.”[xx] This establishes a precedent for structure in applying the Eighth Amendment, directly overturning McGautha. The court is now expressing a direct need for some guidelines to govern the application of the death penalty so that it does not constitute Stewart’s definition of “cruel.” From Furman, the court equates “cruel” with arbitrary. The death penalty is determined constitutional only as long as it follows a framework of structure and guidelines for application, which the court could not determine. Since the court never established these guidelines, all capital punishment sentences in the U.S. after Furman were changed to life sentences, until the states and Congress developed new specific legislative guidelines. From 1972 to 1976, no death penalties were carried out in the U.S. because of this de facto moratorium as the court never reaffirmed the constitutionality of the death penalty under specific guidelines.
The impact of Furman goes beyond this halting of executions. In order to truly understand the impact of Furman and explore the evolution of the Eighth Amendment, the varying opinions must be closely examined. Examining the analytical approach of the opinions in Furman illustrate two different ways to understand the Eighth Amendment. Douglas, Stewart, and White argue for an analytic approach, based on how the death penalty is applied and its social consequences.[xxi] The discussion of racial bias and state precedent would fall under the analytical approach. The second approach appears in Justice Marshall’s opinion. Marshall continues the precedent set by Weems and hones the normative approach.[xxii] In his opinion, Marshall asks the question of “whether capital punishment is ‘a punishment no longer consistent with our own self-respect’ and, therefore, violative of the Eighth Amendment.”[xxiii] He reasserts that the Eighth Amendment was intended to “outlaw torture and other cruel punishments” but argues that the application of the clause must be determined by present societal standards.[xxiv] Marshall limits this, however, by qualifying the punishments that can be considered constitutional under public opinion. Punishments of torture, he says, will always be outlawed by the Eighth Amendment, even if public opinion were ever to say they were acceptable.[xxv] This lays the foundation for his exploration of capital punishment as an excessive punishment (excessive punishment in this case is equal to “cruel and unusual”) according to modern standards, arguing that it is therefore unconstitutional. He concludes that it is based on modern concepts of retribution, deterrence, prevention, and “encouraging guilty pleas and confessions, eugenics, and reducing state expenditures” (these last three he deals with together).[xxvi] He also recognizes a lack of national understanding of capital punishment and the effect that lack of knowledge has on societal opinion. Marshall’s opinion revitalizes and reinvigorates the Eighth Amendment. He establishes a clear and concise test to determine what constitutes “cruel and unusual.” He embraces the ambiguity of the Eighth Amendment and develops a solution that gives it some clarity.
Marshall’s test had a major effect on the follow up case to Furman, Gregg v. Georgia. In 1976, five cases were decided by the Supreme Court that reaffirmed the constitutionality of the death penalty. Instead of delving into the factual details of these cases, just the procedural posture will be examined. Georgia, Florida, Texas, North Carolina, and Louisiana (listed in this format to reflect the order of the full case name), all changed their statutes and legislation to establish strict guidelines for the sentencing of the death penalty in compliance with Furman. Changes included the necessity of a bifurcated trial and specific guidelines for determining if a case is eligible to receive the death penalty. For each petitioners’ case, they were tried and sentenced to death as complying with the new guidelines of their state. They all appealed on the grounds that capital punishment violated the Eighth Amendment on writs of certiorari. In a 7-2 decision, the Supreme Court maintained the death sentences of the petitioners from Georgia, Texas, and Florida, because their state guidelines for deciding capital punishment were constitutional. The decisions for North Carolina and Louisiana were reversed on the grounds that their state legislations were constitutionally insufficient. The plurality opinion, written by Stewart, establishes several major rules for the Eighth Amendment. Firstly, the Supreme Court officially codified capital punishment as constitutional.[xxvii] Stewart additionally gives another definition of the Eighth Amendment, stating:
“The Eighth Amendment, which has been interpreted in a flexible and dynamic manner to accord with evolving standards of decency, forbids the use of punishment that is ‘excessive’ either because it involves the unnecessary and wanton infliction of pain or because it is grossly disproportionate to the severity of the crime.”[xxviii]
This definition of the Eight Amendment echoes Kemmler. Stewart expands on this precedent, however, by referring to punishments under the Eighth Amendment in general, instead of in direct relation to capital punishment like in Kemmler. He also crucially links proportionality to the Eighth Amendment, which was referenced in Weems and Furman but never firmly expressed.
Secondly, Stewart carries on the normative approach as established by Marshall in his Furman opinion. The “standard of decency” test echoes Marshall’s approach. However, Stewart provides no guidelines for how this standard should be reached. He also does not explain what the current standard of decency is or how the codifying of capital punishment fits into it. In Brennan’s dissenting opinion, he references Stewart’s “standard of decency” definition and argues that the modern and current standard of decency is that the death penalty be abolished.[xxix] Marshall, in his dissent, does this as well, referencing his Furman opinion where he argued for the unconstitutionality of the death penalty. He makes it clear that he is dissenting on the basis of the upholding of the death penalty, not the court’s methodology. Marshall’s argument focuses on what he believes to be inaccurate conclusions the majority reached in their opinion that justified capital punishment, such as retribution. Despite the contradictory conclusions reached by the majority and the two dissenting judges, Gregg represents the first successful application of the normative approach to the Eighth Amendment. Both the majority and the dissenting justices used this process to reach their conclusions. This marks a solid and definite change in the court’s interpretation of the Eighth Amendment: there can be no universal definition of the Eighth Amendment, but public opinion, standards and sentiments can be used to give it a definition on a strictly (and quite literally) case by case basis.
Gregg not only affirms the death penalty but also codifies how the death penalty should be determined. Stewart echoes Furman by stating that in order to curtail the seemingly arbitrary nature of the death penalty, there need to be statutes, and echoing Marshall and Weems by saying this should be done through public standard.[xxx] He establishes the constitutionality of the Georgia, Florida, and Texas statutes, therefore providing the guidelines for other States in the drafting of their legislation. He references the Georgia statute, emphasizing that there “must be specific jury [findings]as to the circumstance of the crime or the character of the defendant” in order to give the death penalty, as well as the necessity of State Supreme Court review.[xxxi] In his concurring opinion, White also crucially notes that prosecutors will be held to the same standards as a jury in deciding to charge a capital felony.[xxxii] Consequently, the Supreme Court ruling that the death penalty is constitutional within certain parameters lifted the implied ban on capital punishment from Furman. Gregg provided relief for the ambiguity created by Furman, allowing death penalties to continue in the U.S. Most importantly, Gregg established the basis for the death penalty, and created a background for following death penalty cases to be decided against. Subsequent capital punishment cases fleshed out, based on public opinion, certain specifics regarding the death penalty.
One example worth looking at is the death penalty as it relates to minors. Wilkins v. Missouri and Stanford v. Kentucky, decided together in 1989, set the precedent that it was not “cruel and unusual” to execute minors under the Eighth Amendment. The majority opinion, written by Justice Scalia, argued that the standard of decency was ambiguous about the execution of minors (ages 16 and 17 specifically), and therefore it must be left up to state legislation to determine constitutionality; both the cases presented were in states where there was legislation allowing the execution of minors.[xxxiii] This case came one year after Thompson v. Oklahoma, which decided that the execution of minors was unconstitutional.[xxxiv] In 2005, Roper v. Simmons reversed Wilkins and Stanford and reaffirmed Thompson. The court applied the standard of decency test to the same evidence (state legislation) and reached the opposite conclusion: that the execution of minors was in fact “cruel and unusual.”[xxxv] This back and forth in regards to the execution of minors reveals several things. Firstly, how amenable the Eighth Amendment remains even though it is limited by a test. Secondly, how the Marshall test works in context (how the justices prove “standard decency” and public opinion). Third, even this test, as empirical as it is, is incredibly flawed. It does not allow the Court to establish long term precedents; in order to maintain constitutionality, the Supreme Court would have to frequently review each decision made in relation to the death penalty. Lastly, it shows that the normative approach is firm. In the three cases presented above, the Marshall test held fast and produced an answer.
So how has the court developed the Eighth Amendment over time? Arguably, it did not. Instead the court has continuously reinforced the idea that there will never be a satisfactory, unchanging universal definition. The court followed established precedents up until Furman, when it (for the first time) recognized the broadness of the Eighth Amendment as a weakness and affirmed capital punishment. They have also relied heavily upon the Framer’s context for the Eighth Amendment and take its anti-torture message on its face. Unlike other clauses (such as the Fourth) where the actual meaning of space and privacy have been debated, there is no such debate for the Eighth Amendment. Its interpretation is essentially fixed. What the court developed instead was its approach. From Weems to Furman and Gregg the court honed the normative approach to the Eighth Amendment. This gives “cruel and unusual” a momentary, fleeting definition, allowing the court to come to a constitutional decision. An issue with this test is the possibility of reaching a standard decency that morally violates “cruel and unusual,” for instance, exploring the possibility of executing a pregnant woman. It can hardly be argued that executing a pregnant woman would violate the framer’s intent of “cruel and unusual.” At that point, the court will have to resolve the issue of precedent: is the Framers intent greater than the current standard of decency? If so, does this mean there is a universal and satisfactory definition of cruel and unusual? Exploring an example such as the pregnant woman shows that while the court has reached an acceptable (and seemingly unwavering approach), the Eighth Amendment, more so than any other clause, is locked in an eternal battle between intent and societal standards.
[i] U.S. Constitution. Amend VIII
[ii] Celia Rumann, Tortured History: Finding Our Way Back to the Lost Origins of the Eighth Amendment, 31.3 Pepp. L. Rev. 661, 708 (2004).
[iii] Wilkerson v. State of Utah, 99 U.S. 130, 136, 25 L. Ed. 345 (1878)
[iv] Ibid., Wilkerson v. State of Utah.
[v] Ibid., Wilkerson v. State of Utah.
[vi] Ibid., Wilkerson v. State of Utah.
[vii] Gilbert King, “Cruel and Unusual History,” The New York Times. April 23, 2008. Accessed April 27, 2017 http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/23/opinion/23king.html
[viii] In Re Kemmler, 136 U.S. 436, 438 10 S. Ct. 930, 933, 34 L. Ed. 519 (1890).
[ix] Weems v. United States, 217 U.S. 359 (1910)
[x] Ibid., Weems v. United States.
[xi] Ibid., Weems v. United States.
[xii] Ibid., Weems v. United States.
[xiii] Ibid., Weems v. United States.
[xiv] Ibid., Weems v. United States.
[xv] McGautha v. California, 402 U.S. 183 (1971)
[xvi] Ibid., McGautha v. California.
[xvii] Furman v. Georgia. 408 U.S. 238 (1972)
[xviii] Ibid., Furman v. Georgia.
[xix] Ibid., Furman v. Georgia.
[xx] Ibid., Furman v. Georgia.
[xxi] Austin Sarat; Neil Vidmar, Public Opinion, the Death Penalty, and the Eighth Amendment: Testing the Marshall Hypothesis, 1976.1 Wis. L. Rev. 171, 206 (1976), pages 172-173.
[xxii] Ibid., 173.
[xxiii] Furman v. Georgia. 408 U.S. 238 (1972)
[xxiv] Ibid., Furman v. Georgia.
[xxv] Ibid., Furman v. Georgia.
[xxvi] Ibid., Furman v. Georgia.
[xxvii] Gregg v. Georgia, 428 U.S. 153 (1976)
[xxviii] Ibid., Gregg v. Georgia.
[xxix] Ibid., Gregg v. Georgia.
[xxx] Ibid., Gregg v. Georgia.
[xxxi] Ibid., Gregg v. Georgia.
[xxxii] Ibid., Gregg v. Georgia.
[xxxiii] Stanford v. Kentucky. 492 U.S. 361 (1989)
[xxxiv] Thompson v. Oklahoma. 487 U.S. 815 (1988)
[xxxv] Roper v. Simmons. 543 U.S. 551 (2005)
Furman v. Georgia. 408 U.S. 238 (1972)
Gregg v. Georgia, 428 U.S. 153 (1976)
In Re Kemmler, 136 U.S. 436, 438 10 S. Ct. 930, 933, 34 L. Ed. 519 (1890).
King, Gilbert. “Cruel and Unusual History.” The New York Times. April 23, 2008. Accessed April 27, 2017 http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/23/opinion/23king.html
McGautha v. California, 402 U.S. 183 (1971)
Roper v. Simmons. 543 U.S. 551 (2005)
Rumann, Celia. Tortured History: Finding Our Way Back to the Lost Origins of the Eighth Amendment. 31.3 Pepp. L. Rev. 661, 708 (2004).
Sarat, Austin; Vidmar, Neil. Public Opinion, the Death Penalty, and the Eighth Amendment: Testing the Marshall Hypothesis. 1976.1 Wis. L. Rev. 171, 206 (1976).
Stanford v. Kentucky. 492 U.S. 361 (1989)
Thompson v. Oklahoma. 487 U.S. 815 (1988)
S. Constitution. Amend VIII. https://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/eighth_amendment
Weems v. United States, 217 U.S. 359 (1910)
Wilkerson v. State of Utah, 99 U.S. 130, 136, 25 L. Ed. 345 (1878)
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The Budding Explorer: Samuel de Champlain: Activity
Help the ghost of Samuel de Champlain regain his memory of Canada`s national historic sites in an interactive game for younger children.
Site: Parks Canada
Halifax Citadel National Historic Site of Canada: Parks Canada's 3-D Tours: Defence of Canada
Parks Canada has provided a virtual doorway to explore Canada's national historic military sites. Online tours enable the user to travel to the sites of famous battles or view a famous building. Both virtual and text tours are available. The Halifax Citadel is one of the finest examples of a 19th-century-star-shaped fortification. On this virtual tour the user is given an idea of what defences were used to protect this structure and Canada's east coast.
Beaumont-Hamel National Historic Site of Canada : Parks Canada's 3-D Tours: Defence of Canada
Parks Canada has provided a virtual doorway to explore Canada's national historic military sites. Online tours enable the user to travel to the sites of famous battles or view a famous building. Both virtual and text tours are available. The Newfoundland Memorial Site is located within the French commune of Beaumont-Hamel, at the northern end of the region of the Somme, some nine kilometres northeast of the town of Albert. Opened in 1925, the site commemorates Newfoundlanders who served in the First World War.
Fortress of Louisbourg National Historic Site of Canada: Parks Canada's 3-D Tours: Defence of Canada
Parks Canada has provided a virtual doorway to explore Canada's national historic military sites. Online tours enable the user to travel to the sites of famous battles or view a famous building. Both virtual and text tours are available. The Fortress of Louisbourg is the largest French fortified town in North America. A detailed virtual tour of the buildings that reflected the life and work of people of a different age is provided here.
Batoche National Historic Site of Canada: Parks Canada's 3-D Tours: Defence of Canada
Parks Canada has provided a virtual doorway to explore Canada's national historic military sites. Online tours enable the user to travel to the sites of famous battles or view a famous building. Both virtual and text tours are available. Batoche displays the remains of the village of Batoche on the banks of the South Saskatchewan River. It was the last battlefield in the Northwest Resistance/Rebellion of 1885. Here the user can see a virtual recreation of that site as well as many buildings that have since been dismantled and restored.
L'Anse aux Meadows National Historic Site of Canada: Parks Canada's 3-D Tours: Archaeology
Parks Canada has provided a virtual doorway to explore Canada's national historic sites. Online tours enable the user to travel to sites where a lasting story is revealed through archaeological resources where little or no other evidence exists. Both virtual and text tours are available. The L’Anse aux Meadows site was founded in the early 11th century by Norse expeditions launched from a Norse colony in southern Greenland . The Norse left traces of eight buildings and about 750 artifacts associated with them.
L'Anse aux Meadows National Historic Site of Canada: Exploring Archaeology Activity
Until the 1960s, Sagas, or Legends, originating in the 11th century, were the only evidence archaeologists had that the Norse people came to North America before other Europeans. These stories were passed down orally, and written down in the 13th and 14th centuries. century. Many of the details of these stories remain open to speculation. In the following activity, you'll have the opportunity to formulate your own opinion by examining the documentary and archaeological evidence.
Diefenbunker National Historic Site of Canada: Parks Canada's 3-D Tours: Defence of Canada
Parks Canada has provided a virtual doorway to explore Canada's national historic military sites. Online tours enable the user to travel to the sites of famous battles or view a famous building. Both virtual and text tours are available. The Central Emergency Government Headquarters was intended to be a relocation centre for government leaders, civil servants, and military personnel in the event of a nuclear war. The media dubbed it 'the Diefenbunker' after John Diefenbaker, the Prime Minister at the time. A virtual tour of the exterior view of the compound is provided.
Fortifications of Quebec National Historic Site of Canada: Parks Canada's 3-D Tours: Defence of Canada
Parks Canada has provided a virtual doorway to explore Canada's national historic military sites. Online tours enable the user to travel to the sites of famous battles or view a famous building. Both virtual and text tours are available. Here is an overview of the fortifications around Québec City. They are seen without any of the modern buildings that have since been built around them.
Fort Rodd Hill National Historic Site of Canada: Parks Canada's 3-D Tours: Defence of Canada
Parks Canada has provided a virtual doorway to explore Canada's national historic military sites. Online tours enable the user to travel to the sites of famous battles or view a famous building. Both virtual and text tours are available. Fort Rodd Hill is a coast artillery fort built in the late 1890s to defend Victoria and the Esquimalt Naval Base. Here the user is given a virtual tour of this ocean front military defence establishment. The Fort includes three gun batteries, command posts, guardhouses, and barracks.
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Leah Remini Instagram
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Jennifer Lopez and her longtime BFF Leah Remini sit down for an interview on Watch What Happens Live, which aired on Thursday (December 13). Working Subscribe Subscribed Unsubscribe. With a new memoir out, a starring role in the TV Land comedy The Exes, and a reality TV show centered around her family life, actress Leah Remini has a lot on her plate right now. Find out when Leah Remini: Scientology & the Aftermath is on TV, including Series 2-Episode 13: Propaganda Arms. Desecration of a religious symbol—check. When most people hear her name, they associate Leah Remini with the intimidating, tough-"tawking" yet lovable wife on King Of Queens, former co-host of The Talk and Scientologist "troublemaker" but the truth is there is much more to this gal than meets the eye. Leah Remini accuse l'Eglise de Scientologie de lui avoir caché le décès de son père. Her Emmy-winning series, "Leah Remini: Scientology and the Aftermath," has. Instagram; Search Search. LEAH is also known for her savvy music marketing skills, as she's uses the latest digital marketing and online business strategies to build her music career online. Leah Remini has broken free from the Church of Scientology. An American comedian and actress who is best known for her appearance in “Days of Our Lives”, “Baywatch”, and “The Final Destination”, Krista Allen is living a lavish lifestyle with her total net worth of around $4 million. Leah Remini Photos - Actress Leah Remini arrives at the CBS, Showtime and CW TCA Summer Party at the Beverly Hilton Hotel on July 2010 in Beverly Hills, California - Leah Remini Photos - 656 of 765 Leah Remini Long Curls - Leah paired her dangling earrings with loose curls while hitting the red carpet in Hollywood. Now, in the newest issue of LaPalme magazine, Remini has spoken out about an old friend and ex-Scientologist Katie Holmes, E! News reports. "Vodka cream anything is always in style. Hot Celeb Men Who Bared (Almost) All on Instagram Leah Remini Tells the Church of Scientology to 'Stop F---ing with People's Lives' in Docu-Series Sneak Peek. Join our hosts as we discuss the show each week and provide our own thoughts and opinions. Today we are starting with the reveal of her crisp white kitchen. via BlackAmericaWeb: Jada Pinkett Smith, 47, and Leah Remini, 48, set aside their differences in an upcoming episode of Facebook Watch series Red Table Talk. Leah Remini appeared on Dancing with the Stars as a guest judge, and not everybody loved it. She currently co-stars in the TV Land comedy The Exes and TLC’s reality show Leah Remini: It’s All Relative, which she also created and executive produces. She wasn't the only one that left. However, Remini has not failed to include one of the most important parts of any journey: her feet. Leah Remini and her husband, Angelo Pagan, have been married for 16 years. Borrowed from the library. Leah Remini is mourning the death of her estranged father, George Anthony Remini, and opening up about their broken relationship. At the end of the broadcast, the third celebrity pair will leave the competition. Actress and former Scientologist Leah Remini says Scientology is closer to the government than people realize. In a statement issued Thursday by her talent agency, the former. When Leah Remini left the Church of Scientology, she was able to participate in the popular television show Dancing with the Stars. The two got into it in 2017, after Remini told The Daily Beast that Jada was "in" when it came. org - Tony Ortega. Leah Remini is clear — she doesn't like Tom Cruise's supreme status in the Church of Scientology. This posthumous release, out now, and entitled Love To The Moon, comes in celebration of Leah’s birthday. Filmed for the first time in front of a live studio audience, Leah Remini and Mike Rinder explore stories of how Church of Scientology policies have hindered members from reporting instances of abuse and sexual assault to the authorities. Leah Remini. Leah Fletcher was given a warning by Courtney Smith's mates in tonight's explosive first episode of Absolutely Ascot. With her tell-all book on Scientology officially out, Leah Remini on Wednesday said she has no regrets about ending her 30-year relationship with a church that has called her "a shallow, spoiled individual. Get the latest Leah Remini at Mighty Ape Australia. Leah Remini claims she still receives threats from the Church of Scientology even after her docuseries "Scientology and the Aftermath" launched in 2016 on A&E. Leah Remini, along with high level former Scientology executives and Church members, delves deep into shocking stories of abuse, heartbreak and harassment experienced by those who have left the church and spoken publicly about their experiences. Remini said that the belief in reincarnation means Scientology places very little significance on family relationships and marriages — a person's mother is just their mother currently, and the child has many, many mothers over the span of their life. The ladies have been hanging at the. Leah Remini Photos - Actress Leah Remini arrives at the CBS, Showtime and CW TCA Summer Party at the Beverly Hilton Hotel on July 2010 in Beverly Hills, California - Leah Remini Photos - 656 of 765 Leah Remini Long Curls - Leah paired her dangling earrings with loose curls while hitting the red carpet in Hollywood. According to Remini, there was a funeral already, and she and her sister Nicole had no idea. I wanted to go to a school like Fame (some of you won’t get that reference). Last week, Leah Remini made a remarkable post on Instagram about the death of her estranged biological father, George Remini, and how she had heard …. Celebrity Check-ins: 13. The five song. And now that there’s a new womanly figure on the sitcom, fans have been wanting to know: who does Leah Remini play? Fans insisted that Leah replaced Erinn on Kevin Can Wait, and while that may. Palm Harbor, FL. Leah Remini has never been afraid to speak out about Scientology — the religion she was a part of for 30 years — and this latest incident is no exception. Join Leah Remini for her famous docu-series featuring the after effects that Scientology can have on ones life. by Julia Teti Aug 15, 2019 at 5:28 pm EDT Aug 15, 2019 at 5:28 pm EDT View this post on Instagram. The Dancing with the Stars rumor mill is churning!Glee star Amber Riley, ex-Scientologist Leah Remini and Valerie Harper are all among the names rumored to be joining Dancing with the Stars this. They hit the ballroom with a paso doble and Sean is. We've got the inside scoop, exclusive news, and latest photos about Leah Remini. Burke is engaged to Matthew Lawrence, and. Post a comment on one of her pictures to show your appreciation for her work. She was born on 15 June 1970 in Bensonhurst, New York. With a career spanning over 20 years, Emmy Award winner, New York Times Best Selling author, actress and producer Leah Remini continues to grow her breadth of work, most recently as creator and executive producer of A&E Network’s hit nonfiction docuseries LEAH REMINI: SCIENTOLOGY AND THE AFTERMATH. Leah Remini See more. A post shared by Cvlt Nation (@. leah remini church of scientology. Actress Leah Remini has revealed she just learned that her father passed away, a month after he actually died. Current and former officials reject the show's notion Scientology has a "subjugation of downtown Clearwater. The fabulous and fast-rising career of Jaimie Alexander, the star of fall's top TV show 'Blindspot' 27 movies you have to see this holiday season. The latest Tweets from Leah Remini (@LeahRemini). Instagram. #SecondAct available on Digital HD now | #Troublemaker Ballantine Books | #ScientologyTheAftermath on @aetv, @hulu, @youtube, @primevideo, @itunes & @googleplay. During the hour. When Leah Remini isn't in the spotlight, she's often spending time with her husband, Angelo Pagan, and their daughter, Sofia. 5 million in damages. Filmed for the first time in front of a live studio audience, Leah Remini and Mike Rinder explore stories of how Church of Scientology policies have hindered members from reporting instances of abuse and sexual assault to the authorities. You may bypass the detection if you wish. She didn’t even learn about his death until after a funeral had been held. Leah Remini claims she still receives threats from the Church of Scientology even after her docuseries "Scientology and the Aftermath" launched in 2016 on A&E. The outspoken actress and Scientology critic guest judged the hit ABC show on October 7th. During the hour. And James asks the two about navigating the paparazzi now versus the pre-social media age. Frederick M. May 13 (UPI) --Kevin Can Wait co-stars Kevin James and Leah Remini expressed their gratitude to their fans and CBS in the wake of the sitcom's cancellation after two seasons. Part of the attention came in 2016, when the actress and former Scientologist Leah Remini developed an Emmy-winning documentary series detailing the experiences of the church's former members. Local estimate You save "In a time of universal deceit—telling the truth is a revolutionary act. He is currently working on ABC News as a fill-in basis. Remini responded with an Instagram post of her own showing Burke grinning in a sleeveless white dress in front of a sign that says: "Cheryl Matt Love. Posts about reading written by Michelle. Leah Remini is speaking out to make a claim that fellow actress Jada Pinkett Smith is a Scientologist. Business Insider pointed to a passage in Leah Remini’s Scientology tell-all, Troublemaker: Surviving Hollywood and Scientology, in which Remini, an ex-Scientologist and former close friend of. The King of Queens star Leah Remini shared a heartbreaking post on her Instagram page Sunday, revealing that she just learned about her father's …. On Friday, I received a message from my sister Nicole, who had been contacted by a stranger passing on his condolences for the passing of our father, George Anthony Remini. If you go through Leah Remini’s Instagram feed, then you will see how much she adores her daughter Sofia. But before you tune in, you'll want to. Get latest News Information, Articles on Leah Remini Instagram Updated on September 29, 2019 16:27 with exclusive Pictures, photos & videos on Leah Remini Instagram at Latestly. Leah was raised in a strict household. Leah Remini continues to speak out against Scientology. Lex sees someone whom he thinks looks suspicious and he notices that they're not on the right course. Kevin James' sitcom ‘Kevin Can Wait’ replaces his new TV wife Erinn Hayes with his old one Leah Remini. Click For More News. After three seasons, Leah Remini is putting an end to her shocking docuseries, ‘Scientology and the Aftermath’ due to complications with the church. Remini — who recently joined the cast of "Kevin Can Wait" — took to Instagram Friday to share a few. Lopez posted a bikini snapshot to Instagram Monday, July 21. Leah said his 'funeral came and went and none of us knew anything about it'. If you're lucky, she may even comment back. On Leah Remini: Scientology and the Aftermath, Remini responded directly to statements made by Nation of Islam leader Louis Farrakhan during his Saviors’ Day speech back in 2017. We've got the inside scoop, exclusive news, and latest photos about Leah Remini. While her Instagram account is a bit tamer than some of the other models we've highlighted over the last few months, that doesn't mean Leah's any less fierce when she wants to be. Before returning to Dancing with the Stars as a guest judge, Leah Remini was nuzzling against her BFF Jennifer Lopezs ex-husband Marc Anthony back stage on his Opus tour. She is also an illustrious comedian best known as Carrie Heffernan in the American sitcom ‘The King of Queens’ that aired on CBS from 1998 to 2007. The latest Tweets from Leah Remini (@LeahRemini). Leah Remini Reveals Death of Her Estranged Dad We were not able to say goodbye,” she wrote on Instagram. 😉 In the novel, there is an epidemic sweeping through the town, causing people to go to sleep and not wake up. I can’t believe this conversation happened!! Leah’s Remini and Jada Pickett Smith have had beef for years and the two brought it to Jada’s Red. Leah Remini, recipient of the Impact Award, poses in the press room during the Critics' Choice Real TV Awards at The Beverly Hilton Hotel on June 02, 2019 in Beverly Hills, California. "Leah Remini: Scientology and the Aftermath"/A&E. Now the actress is detailing one very weird occasion involving the beloved Jada Pinkett-Smith and Scientology spokesman Tom Cruise. Check this pic on Instagram for a nasty comment somebody left you. How do you like being on The Talk so far? I love it. During the production of the Leah Remini: Scientology and the Aftermath ("Aftermath") series, representatives of the Church of Scientology International ("CSI") sent the producers a number of letters that included the Church's response to some of the information it anticipated would be in the program, and their character analysis and criticism of the principal subjects of. But before you tune in, you'll want to. The Scientology takedown activist agreed to be Cheryl Burke’s maid of honor in her wedding to Matthew Lawrence. Talking to WENN in 2006, Will Smith said, "I've talked to Tom about. The church is once again speaking back — this time, on camera. When Leah Remini left the Church of Scientology, she was able to participate in the popular television show Dancing with the Stars. Leah Remini shared a new photo to Instagram where she appears to be posed in front of a window with a Scientology building right behind her, alluding to her being watched by the organization in a tongue-in-cheek post. A rift between the two started when Remini name dropped Jada and her husband. 'Dancing with the Stars' Week 4 recap: Leah Remini returns to guest judge as 10 remaining couples compete [Video]. The video shows a fresh-faced J. leah remini church of scientology. LEAH is also known for her savvy music marketing skills, as she's uses the latest digital marketing and online business strategies to build her music career online. When Leah Remini took home a Creative Arts Emmy Award for special Leah Remini: Scientology and the Aftermath on Saturday night, she made sure to thank her most important supporter. As Dearly previously reported, the church allegedly pressed her to recruit other celebrities, like her "King of Queens" co-star, Kevin James. Just ask Jennifer Lopez. After more than three decades as a Scientologist, Leah Remini tells PEOPLE she is now finding comfort in Catholicism – and is embracing it for all the ways she feels it differs from Scientology. Sofia Bella Pagan Photos Photos - Actress Leah Remini (L) and Sofia Bella Pagan attend the Launch of Gucci Children's Collection on November 20, 2010 in Beverly Hills, California. Celebrity Gossip: Felicity Huffman, Leah Remini, Kenya Moore and More! 106. Scientologists Urge Advertisers to Boycott A&E’s Leah Remini Show Letters claim program has triggered harassment, threats of violence against church members; channel backs the show, which won an. Lite FM Mornings Helen Little Rich Kaminski Delilah Victor Sosa Ellen K Weekend Show Jack Kratoville Nina Del Rio More Shows. Remini finds. Back in March, her daughter made a comment about "the baby in [her] tummy. Her TV show "Leah Remini: Scientology and the Aftermath" has earned acclaim for exposing the harsh realities of families trapped in Scientology. That willingness to speak her mind, stand her ground, and rattle the occasional cage has enabled this tough-talking girl from Brooklyn to forge an enduring and successful career in Hollywood. Leah Remini has never been afraid to speak out about Scientology — the religion she was a part of for 30 years — and this latest incident is no exception. Leah Remini's daughter knows what she wants for breakfast — and she's not afraid to text her mom her order. Leah Remini remains immersed in the Church of Scientology five years after renouncing her beliefs in its ideology. It was recently announced that Leah Remini was joining the cast for season 2 as a series regular. How do you like being on The Talk so far? I love it. 6m Followers, 262 Following, 1,880 Posts - See Instagram photos and videos from Leah Remini (@leahremini). The 'King of Queens' star and J. 3k Likes, 806 Comments - Leah Remini (@leahremini) on Instagram: "Before tonight's finale, I just wanted to say, The Aftermath was inspired by these two brave women,…". If you follow Jax Taylor on Twitter (and we highly recommend that you do!), you know that the Vanderpump Rules bartender has really been digging the series Leah Remini: Scientology and the Aftermath. While promoting their first project together, Second Act, the two revealed just how they met. And this isn't a surprise throwback Instagram photo. Leah Remini is opening up about her father's death. Leah Remini and her husband, Angelo Pagan, have been married for 16 years. Leah Remini may sue the Church of Scientology for cancelling "Scientology and the Aftermath", her anti-scientology docuseries show. The two women have ended their year-long feud after over their Scientology beliefs. Leah Remini took to Instagram on Sunday, September 22, to mourn the loss of her estranged father, whom she did not know died weeks ago, and penned a note about his involvement. "Words cannot fully express how thankful I am for you opening up your home to my family and friends today," she wrote. This season's FULL 2017 Reality Roundtable features Leah Remini ('Scientology and the Aftermath'), Kris Jenner ('Keeping Up With The Kardashians'), RuPaul ('RuPaul's Drag Race'), W. Variety reported today that the CBS sitcom Kevin Can Wait has brought actress Leah Remini onto the show as a permanent cast member, which means that she and Kevin James are back together. Please, give me credits if u use my edits and reblog (tw: @cordobawoman). com - Myeisha Essex. Scientology tried to sell 'Daily Mail' on story she was a sexual abuser, Leah Remini tonyortega. On the other hand, her buddy Leah Remini dressed in a chic pencil dress that accentuated her curvy figure. She starred as Carrie Heffernan on the long-running CBS comedy series The King of Queens (1998–2007) and later co-hosted The Talk in 2010–11. They want a juicy headline with no repercussions. NEW YORK, NY – March 15, 2017 – A&E Network has renewed the breakout limited docuseries “Leah Remini: Scientology and the Aftermath” for an additional installment. Address: Leah Remini Fan Club PO Box 15669 North Hollywood, CA 91615. Leah Remini remains immersed in the Church of Scientology five years after renouncing her beliefs in its ideology. Actress Leah Remini arrives at the CBS, Showtime and CW TCA Summer Party at the Beverly Hilton Hotel on July 28, 2010 in Beverly Hills, California (July 27, 2010 - Source: Kevin Winter/Getty Images North America) see more angles ». Leah Remini’s Scientology series to end with Danny Masterson accusations This $25 Instagram training can help turn you into an influencer This $25 Instagram training can help turn you into. Tony Dovolani, of "Dancing with the Stars" and Current Chippendales Guest Host at the Rio All-Suite Hotel & Casino in Las Vegas. Leah Gotti, Actress: Blacked. Leah Remini’s Show Scientology and the Aftermath Is Officially Ending & Here’s Why. View Photos Instagram Jennifer Lopez and Alex Rodriguez's Italian Getaway is What Dreams are Made Of. It's great to have your best friend around for some Instagram fun. The 46-year-old goes makeup free in an Instagram video posted by her best friend, Leah Remini on Monday. The latest Tweets from Leah Remini (@LeahRemini). I couldn't sing, (didn't stop me from auditioning for Annie) and I was only in a tap class for a short time, but when our lives became Scientology, there was no dance, there was no education, there was no outside activities. The "Troublemaker" author, 49, shared several photos of her. As a Dancing with the Stars judge, Leah Remini had a dominant personality and didn't bring a professional dancer's eye to the judging, but she was enthusiastic and seemed to echo the thoughts of a. org - Tony Ortega. She does not discuss her weight with the public. Here are the most shocking reveals from Remini's no-holds-barred interview. Sofia Bella Pagan Photos Photos - Actress Leah Remini (L) and Sofia Bella Pagan attend the Launch of Gucci Children's Collection on November 20, 2010 in Beverly Hills, California. 5 million for allegedly trying to ruin her reputation and interfere with her upcoming A&E documentary series, "Leah Remini. Shop on-trend women's pullover sweaters at Abercrombie & Fitch. Leah Remini Will Reunite with Kevin James for Season 2 of Kevin Can Wait as Series Regular Leah Remini confirmed the news on her own Instagram, sharing an image of the news headline. AKA star of the docuseries Scientology and the Aftermath, AKA Vanessa in Kevin Can Wait, AKA Carrie in The King of Queens, AKA Stacey Carosi in Saved by the Bell. Tweet with a location. On this animated GIF: leah remini beard remini Dimensions: 600x536 px Download GIF pagan, page, angelo, or share leah, dawg, shed, You can share gif leah remini, remini, beard, in twitter, facebook or instagram. September 9, 2016. Lo's closest friends, including Second Act costar Leah Remini, who posted a stunning selfie of herself and Lopez taken at the party on Instagram, along with a few. The legal secretary has a temper paired with a sharp tongue and when she lashes out, it doesn’t always end well for her husband and her father "Arthur". In a heartbreaking Instagram post, Remini shared an old photograph of her and her father, […]. Leah Remini is a household name. The series reunites the actress with her former King of Queens husband, Kevin James. Leah Remini is pretty much part of the 'DWTS' family. Actress Leah Remini arrives at the CBS, Showtime and CW TCA Summer Party at the Beverly Hilton Hotel on July 28, 2010 in Beverly Hills, California (July 27, 2010 - Source: Kevin Winter/Getty Images North America) see more angles ». The Church of Scientology has accused Leah Remini and her A&E series "Scientology and the Aftermath" of contributing to the stabbing of Chih-Hen Yeh outside Scientology headquarters in Sydney on. Leah Remini made a return to the Dancing with the Stars ballroom as part of the ABC's "Cast from the Past" week. Does Alex Rodriguez really want Jennifer Lopez to spend less time with Leah Remini? That's the claim from one of this week's tabloids. It looks like J. Leah Remini has broken free from the Church of Scientology. The item you just added is unavailable. A post shared by Cvlt Nation (@. With her tell-all book on Scientology officially out, Leah Remini on Wednesday said she has no regrets about ending her 30-year relationship with a church that has called her "a shallow, spoiled individual. 3 The Groove FELICITY HUFFMAN’S DELAYED FILM DROPS FIRST TRAILER: When Felicity Huffman got accused of helping her daughter cheat her way into college (she …. The backlash to last night's Kevin Can Wait premiere, which spent all of 40 seconds on the off-screen death of Erinn Hayes' character Donna, has been swift and predictable. Former Scientologist Leah Remini says it took her a month to find out that her estranged father had died—and she blames the organization for destroying her relationship with him. Go down the list of what this sitcom actress's program incites: vandalism—check. The actress is urging people to leave the controversial church after it. org - Tony Ortega. Remini told the co-hosts "I love girls sitting around. Leah Remini shared a new photo to Instagram where she appears to be posed in front of a window with a Scientology building right behind her, alluding to her being watched by the organization in a tongue-in-cheek post. The actress, who. The 49-year-old said doing the A&E docuseries 'Scientology and the Aftermath' has been 'emotionally draining' for her considering the retaliation from the church. Search our Website. Leah Remini claims in a new Instagram post that survivors of the controversial Scientology religion have been “stalked” by current members of the organization after their appearances on the A&E show she hosts with Mike Rinder, Scientology and the Aftermath. Leah Remini's Fight After Scientology Is For Everyday Women Forgotten By Me Too. Two of the church’s famous ex-practitioners held a candid conversation in honor of Remini’s book, Troublemaker. FreeBLoaders; Get My PERKS; Breaking News. Well, well, what do we have today! Do you want to see beautiful black TV Actress Aisha Tyler’s totally leaked nudes!? Yes! Here are some facts on Aisha Tyler before we see her sexy naked photos. (Photo: Twitter/ Leah Remini) "I want to say thank you to all the fans for the love and support. Remini responded with an Instagram post of her own showing Burke grinning in a sleeveless white dress in front of a sign that says: "Cheryl Matt Love. She joined Season 17 and was a particularly great dancer all the. Fashion Week Katie Holmes joins Italy’s fashion elite in Verona. com Hot celebrity Leah Remini photos, videos, news and links - Large collection of Leah Remini goodies from around the net, in one place. We also do not accept any packages and they will be returned to sender as well. The 'King of Queens' star and J. Actress Leah Remini continued her war against the Church of Scientology on Sunday when she criticized the organization for allegedly brainwashing her father into disowning her to the point that she was not even informed of his death or funeral. Episodes of the show are available on A&E. Leah Remini, along with high level former Scientology executives and Church members, explores individual accounts from ex-Church members and their families through meetings and interviews with Leah. That willingness to speak her mind, stand her ground, and rattle the occasional cage has enabled this tough-talking girl from Brooklyn to forge an enduring and successful career in Hollywood. A series featuring stories from former members of the Church of Scientology whose lives have been affected by the Church's harmful practices. org - Tony Ortega. Leah Remini: Scientology and the Aftermath on facebook Leah Remini: Scientology and the Aftermath on twitter Leah Remini: Scientology and the Aftermath on instagram Leah Remini: Scientology and the Aftermath on pinterest #ScientologyTheAftermath. Leah Remini. Club members can see a different show every night of the week!. That shows real loyal friendship through thick and thin. Lite FM Mornings Helen Little Rich Kaminski Delilah Victor Sosa Ellen K Weekend Show Jack Kratoville Nina Del Rio More Shows. Now they've reunited for "Kevin Can Wait" on CBS, in which they play former police partners. Stiles and Lex are on a plane. In the interview, she reveals that once she became critical of Scientologist Tom Cruise, it was. Remini previously appeared in the Season 1 finale as Vanessa Cellucci, an undercover cop and the. After more than three decades as a Scientologist, Leah Remini tells PEOPLE she is now finding comfort in Catholicism – and is embracing it for all the ways she feels it differs from Scientology. Danny Masterson rape accusers speak to Leah Remini on two-hour long 'Scientology and the Aftermath' finale as Church denies allegations. I Found A TOP SECRET LEAH ASHE HATER CLUB SO I went Undercover Bloxburg I had to get to the bottom of this! ♡Don't forget to subscribe if you are enjoying the videos! 💟Subscribe here. Comment on Leah Remini's Instagram account. The August 26 episode focused on the recent lawsuit filed against actor Danny Masterson and the Church of. She starred as Carrie Heffernan on the long-running CBS comedy series The King of Queens (1998-2007) and later co-hosted The Talk in 2010-11. Enter your comment here. Jennifer Lopez and Leah Remini have been friends for as long as we can remember. Friends Jennifer Lopez and Leah Remini's Saturday took an unexpected turn when they were involved in an accident with a drunk driver. At the Creative Arts Emmys in LA over the weekend, Leah Remini won the the award for outstanding informational series or special for her groundbreaking docuseries about the Church of Scientology. Late Sunday evening, Remini shared a series of old photos of her family with her followers on Instagram, while explaining in the caption what happened, how they found out, and where they go from here. An inside look at an Italian ice spectacular. Jennifer Lopez stars as Maya, a 40-year-old woman struggling with frustrations from unfulfilled dreams. Tom Cruise personally abuses fellow Scientologists, ex-Scientologist Leah Remini told the Daily Beast. Remini herself. 3k Comments - Leah Remini (@leahremini) on Instagram: “On Friday, I received a message from my sister Nicole, who had been contacted by a stranger passing…”. Episode guide, trailer, review, preview, cast list and where to. Remini told the co-hosts "I love girls sitting around. Her Emmy-winning series, "Leah Remini: Scientology and the Aftermath," has. Leah started by saying she knows Jada is. Week 4 of Dancing With the Stars features guest judge and DWTS alum Leah Remini. the appreciation of booted news women blog former "the talk" co-host leah remini guest stars on the cbs show kevin can wait wearing over the knee black leather boots. Leah Remini, Actress: Old School. shared an emotional Instagram post about her dad’s passing. Henson reads her inspiring and funny book about family, friends, the hustle required to make it from DC to Hollywood, and the joy of living in her own truth. Monday through Friday, 11:35 PM – 12:37 AM, ET/PT *Denotes changes and/or additions to previous schedule. Get the latest Leah Remini at Mighty Ape Australia. leah remini memoir. Jennifer Lopez & Leah Remini Answer the Web's Most Searched Questions | WIRED - Duration: 6:51. Lex sees someone whom he thinks looks suspicious and he notices that they're not on the right course. Sam Champion Net Worth: Know his earnings, salary, husband, age. The photo -- which shows Lopez relaxing in a two-piece in a lounge chair -- was taken by her pal, Leah Remini. The church is once again speaking back — this time, on camera. Get to know her family.
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