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__label__cc	0.621169	0.378831	SVU Episode #13-15: Hunting Ground 23 February, 2012 by Allison Leotta 17 Comments Recap: This episode provided an intense mashup of some fictional and real serial killers, including Buffalo Bill from Silence of the Lambs, General Zaroff from “The Most Dangerous Game,” the Craiglist Killer, and the Long Island Serial Killer. We open with Olivia and Harry Connick coming out of a movie theater. They banter about how many memos they’ll have to write in order to have this relationship, but seem to be having a great time on their date. Enjoy the moment, folks, because things are about to get decidedly more disturbing. A pasty middle-aged guy calls for a pretty young blond escort. But he doesn’t just want a quick hookup in a hotel room. He ties her up in the backseat of his car with his mean-looking dog, and smugly drives her to an unknown location while she cries and begs for her life. Olivia wakes up the next morning, cuddled into Harry’s bare chest. (Now that Elliott’s off the show, we needed some pectoral action, and Mr .Connick Jr. proved himself well qualified in that department.) Later that morning, Nick notices his partner looking happy. He doesn’t come right out and say, “Hey, you got some action! Good for you!” But his smirk says it all. Olivia throws herself into the missing persons case, which gets grimmer as we see the blonde running, sobbing, through the woods, with her pasty predator and his mangy mutt in pursuit. The detectives try to get a newspaper to show them the website traffic for the missing girl’s online ad, but the newspaper editor resists, saying that’d be like revealing their sources. “Have the DA call my lawyer,” the editor huffs. Olivia tells Harry the newspaper is a front for escort services and underage sex trafficking. She asks Harry to prosecute it, while scoffing at his choice of donut shop for their mid-day coffee break. (There’s nothing cops hate more than donuts and all their negative connotations). Harry thinks the newspapers have a plausible defense. In any event, Harry tells Olivia, if the two of them are going to date, he can’t go near a case she’s working on. Later, he changes his mind and goes after the newpaper. I hope that doesn’t mean he’s breaking up with Olivia. The detectives soon find another escort whose date made her feel so uncomfortable, she refused to get in the car with him. They guy had a creepy dog and shovels in his car, and said he wanted to take her to a secluded beach. She trusted her instincts and got out of there. For some reason, the detectives now believe this guy is their killer. Maybe I missed something, but there must be hundreds of escorts in New York City who’ve had “bad feelings” about dates over the last year. Why weren’t the detectives tracking all of them down? Anyway, a cop at a nearby beach recognizes the type of dog the escort described and points to where his owner was walking with a shovel. The police comb the area and find eleven corpses of women aged 18-25. All are escorts. One has tick bites, acorns in her stomach, and the kind of armpit hair you don’t normally see on working girls. NYPD tracks the DNA of the lyme disease in the tick to a region in upstate New York. (They have the most amazing scientists on SVU! Suffice it to say, I’ve never seen anything remotely like this in real life). There, a beautiful but incoherent young woman in a mental hospital becomes articulate long enough to tell Olivia that a man kidnapped her and made her run from him and his dog. He would chase her, shoot her with a tranquilizer gun, and then rape her in his shack. She could end “the game” only if she killed herself. She escaped, but not with her sanity. The detectives match her description of the location (lots of trees and water on three sides) to an isolated state park where there’s a single park-keeper. They then invade his neat suburban home (miles away from the park), and find his diaries detailing the murders. “Seal this place off til we get a search warrant!” Ice-T commands the SWAT team. “I don’t want any of this stuff tossed out in court!” Oh, Ice-T. You are waaaay too late. A SWAT team, along with Olivia and Nick, then go tromping through the woods to find the cabin. They find the girl alive but drugged, laying on a bed. Olivia holds her hand and the rest of the team then proceeds to leave Olivia and the girl alone in the cabin! Are you kidding me!? Did they have something more important to do? Maybe they were giving away free donuts at that donut shop? The pasty killer predictably walks in and points a gun at Olivia, who is now completely alone and unprotected. “You’ll be my next game,” he cackles diabolically. He toys with her for a few minutes, until Nick shoots him through the crawl space under the cabin. As a reward for this, Cragen suspends Nick. Nick then lies to wife about what happened. “He gave himself up right away,” Nick says with a forced smile. Uh oh, I don’t think that marriage is long for this world. Poor Nick. Verdict: B What they got right: I thought this episode provided a creative and intelligent melding of the stories of some modern serial-killer cases. First, there was the real case of Phillip Markoff, aka the Craiglist Killer. Markoff was a good-looking medical student, engaged to a lovely young woman, with a seemingly perfect life ahead of him. He was arrested on charges of killing three prostitutes in posh Boston hotels. In jail, he fashioned a shank out of a pen and stabbed himself to death, a year to the day after he was supposed to get married. Before dying, he scrawled his fiancee’s name on the prison cell wall with his own blood. Phillip Markoff, "The Craiglist Killer" Next, there’s the still at-large Long Island Serial Killer. In December of 2010, a police officer and a dog were doing routine training on a beach north of Ocean Parkway. The dog discovered a cadaver. Several more bodies were found on the beach and surrounding area. So far, eleven bodies have been found. Only 5 have been identified – all of them were women working as prostitutes. There’s also one male body and one body of a toddler. While some people speculate that the male and baby victims are not connected to the others, serial killer expert Scott Bonn told the Huffington Post that they probably are related: “It’s not uncommon for prostitutes to take a child along. There’s no prostitute daycare I am aware of,” Bonn explained. In regard to the male victim’s remains, Bonn said, “This person was cross-dressed. Think about it. Let’s say the serial killer picked up this individual, not knowing this was a man. When he found out, he bashed the victim’s head in, which is contrary to how the other victims were killed, which appears to be strangulation.” You may have also noticed a resemblance to the fictional Buffalo Bill from “Silence of the Lambs.” That serial killer also had a special relationship with his dog, and kept his victims locked up for a long time before killing them. And did you read “The Most Dangerous Game” in middle school? It’s a story of a rich hunter who grew tired of hunting animals and decided he wanted more intelligent prey – and began hunting people. Another authentic point was that there’s been a big outcry about adult services ads in online sources. Bowing to pressure from state and federal authorities, Craigslist shut down its “Adult Services” section in September of 2010, and replaced it with the word “censored.” It was a major economic move – that section accounted for 30% of its overall revenue — approximately $36.6 million out of $122 million. Many other sites have now jumped in to fill the void. What They Got Wrong: Olivia got upset that the newspaper wouldn’t reveal its advertising data — but that would be easily resolvable in real life. A DA would simply serve the newspaper with a subpoena, and the newspaper would have to turn over the data. Freedom of the press gets newspapers a number of protections, but there is no privilege for online advertising. I’m not sure what Ice-T and Amanda were doing in the killer’s tidy home, but it had nothing to do with the American justice system. They broke in without a warrant, rifled through his stuff, saw the incriminating diaries, and then decided they should get a warrant. Crazy bad police work here. The police can’t break into your house, see if there’s anything good, and then decide to get authorization to re-break in. Except for a few exceptions, the police need probable cause, as delineated in a search warrant, signed by a judge, to search someone’s house. They didn’t have PC here: a semi-coherent mental patient says that someone held and raped her in a wooded location. So they do a warrantlesss search of the home of a park-keeper because there are woods around his workplace? I also have woods around my house. They can’t come rifle through my underwear drawer. Even if the police get a warrant now, the defense will have a good argument that anything they find is “fruit of the poisonous tree” — that is, that it stemmed from the initial illegal search — and get it suppressed. Finally, there was that ridiculous part at the end where the police left Olivia alone in the cabin with the girl, while the crazy killer was still on the loose. Come on. You don’t need a law degree or police training for this one. Anyone who’s watched a horror movie knows not to do that. Filed Under: Blog, SVU Episodes Tagged With: sex crimes, SVU About Allison Leotta Andrew MacKie-Mason says My impression of the search of the house was that it was pursuant to an arrest warrant for the guy. If they had one (which they probably didn’t have probable cause to get based on the sketchy description of the location, but Law & Order hasn’t really had any legal content for a few seasons now) wouldn’t they have been able to enter the house to look for the guy, notice things in plain sight while they were in there, and then do a more complete search once they had a search warrant for the building? Allison Leotta says Interesting point, Andrew. I don’t believe the police could have gotten an arrest warrant here, because they didn’t have anything close to probable cause. If, hypothetically, the police got an arrest warrant, they could go into the suspect’s house to effectuate the arrest. If they saw evidence of a crime in plain view, they could then go back and apply for a search warrant. But they could only look in places where the person they’re trying to arrest might fit — say, a closet, or under the bed. Not inside a diary, as Amanda did. Jeremy Pierce says They did have the report from the girl about the fence, and there probably weren’t too many nearby, plus the car fitting the description they had was outside his house. I think they could have argued that they were in the house out of reasonable suspicion that they needed to check there to see if she was being held in the house, and they saw this stuff in plain view while there, looking at it to see if it would give them anything on where to find her. It might not be so easy to throw it out as you suggest, but it might not be a slam dunk either. They’d need probable cause, not reasonable suspicion, to enter the house. Anyways, I agree that there probably wasn’t enough to get an arrest warrant. “Water on three sides and a fence” doesn’t really narrow it down. But assuming they had a search warrant explains most of their behavior. And I’m sure Amanda would just “forget” to mention that she opened the diary in her report… Andrew’s right, they need probable cause to go into the house, not reasonable suspicion. But, Jeremy, I take your point that they had a little more than just woods and water. That said, I still think the whole house search is getting suppressed. Malcolm says Great review. Very informative on the IRL serial killers. I just have two comments. I think the comparison to Buffalo Bill is a bit of a stretch. It never even occurred to me to equate Buffalo Bill’s toy dog to the hunting dog of ‘Brewster’ (the SVU serial killer). Also, Bill didn’t rape his victims, he shot and skinned them. Brewster’s killing method was entirely different. “The detectives soon find another escort whose date made her feel so uncomfortable, she refused to get in the car with him. The guy had a creepy dog and shovels in his car, and said he wanted to take her to a secluded beach. She trusted her instincts and got out of there. I think they gave the name Brewster to the escort services to narrow the search to the lady who got spooked by him. Hey Malcom, thanks for your comments, and for the info about the “Brewster” point. My show got interrupted a few time last night for some breaking local news, so I must’ve missed that part. It makes more sense to me now! TokoBali says This was a great episode (finally again). I think Malcolm is right. The spooked girl mentioned his name, so than it would make sense. And leaving Olivia alone… face palm, epic fail and all the other internet memes. I was actually half expecting someone to shout “Stay two by two” as they passed the gate. Epic Fail. Totally. James Pollock says They had the guy go out of his way to taunt the current victim’s mother… but they didn’t check to see if anyone else (say, family of previous victims) had also gotten taunting messages. Among other things, this might have cleared up the ID of some of the other victims down on the beach (if he’d done this before.) Sloppy police work. FWIW, I thought they did the warrantless entry to the guy’s home because they thought they might have to render immediate aid to the current victim. Also constitutionally shaky, but not as bad. (Of course, once in, they shouldn’t have been reading books…) I don’t think they had any reason to believe a victim would be at this guy’s home. Even the shaky info they had suggested a musty cabin in the woods, not a shiny pre-fab condo in the city. I think they could’ve gotten the PC they needed with one more simple step: Pull Brewster’s DMV photo and show it to the girl at the mental institution. If she IDs him as her abductor, they’re good to go. Good point about the taunting. That doesn’t actually happen much in real life. If it did happen in a case, it would be a major point to follow up on. Alenna says Great review! I liked this episode, although I’m not really a fan of the Horror/Slasher genre. Another movie with a similar theme to this would be “The Last House on the Left”; perhaps Wes Craven is doing some guest screen-writing for SVU? Anyway, that pasty guy was very good as the evil “zombie” serial killer. And at least in this episode they took care not to glamorize the violence against the women (unlike so many slasher movies do these days). I noticed they had their Time & Luck Machine going on full tilt – as they went from the escort service, to escort #1, to newspaper, to escort #2 (who just happened to mention) escort #3, to beach cop (who just happened to remember dog), to finding 11 bodies, to autopsies with revealing acorns and “special” ticks, leading to a mentally ill girl and a state park, that just happened to have the one bad guy they were looking for, who just happened to show up at the cabin when Olivia was there alone with the girl. Fortunately, Nick just happened to show up in the “nick” of time. Anyway, entertaining episode. I learn something new from each episode. From this one I learned that if I don’t shave my armpits, I won’t have to worry about police mistaking me for a prostitute. 🙂 Ahahaha! Alenna, I love your “lesson” about shaving. You made me laugh out loud. And yeah, that Time & Luck Machine must be nuclear powered. Stan says ” (They have the most amazing scientists on SVU! Suffice it to say, I’ve never seen anything remotely like this in real life).” Funny you should mention that– it brought back an encounter I had a couple of years ago down here in Miami: A Miami-Dade Police vehicle merged in front of me on I-95. Not a cop car, but one of those dogcatcher-style half-trucks they use for follow-up stuff. It wasn’t in great shape: a lot of dings on the back door panels–rusty ones– and the letters “ADE” in MIAMI-DADE were gone, and the “-D” was on life support. An uppity Volvo or something tried to cut him off, and the cop stomped the accelerator, spewing out a nasty-smelling blue cloud of my property taxes. A few blocks later, the cops headed over for Miami Beach, and I pulled up even with them. There it was, in fading Blue-and-White (and rust-red)— MIAMI-DADE POLICE/ CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION. I raised my eyebrows and imagined an evidence tech in the front seat, trying to get the lid off his coffee and balancing a dead dog’s head in a baggie on his lap, to be delivered to a surly old Cuban tech who runs the MDPD’s battered and rusty 1950’s-era electron microscope. I replaced my sunglasses with an ironic half-smile, and made an enigmatic yet pithy and epigrammatic non-sequitur about weasels. Then my entire world cut to a commercial ….. But, anyway, the part about the beat-up old police van from the Miami-Dade CSI is true. Probably delivering evidence to beat-up old scientists. Ha! Stan, I love your description of the crime scene van — so true! And I love your musings with the dog’s head, coffee balancing, etc. Hilarious. And something just like that has probably happened. Lots of holes as mentioned above, but definitely one of the more enjoyable episodes. But Olivia drives me mad with the way she deals with her weapons. Obviously I doubt any cop relishes the idea of having to shoot someone, but Olivia is so quick to lose control of her weapon it amazes me she hasn’t been shot dead by some lunatic by now–and this time she let him get both. Good lord. I was watching a 12th season episode where a mom whose kid was killed in a kidnapping attempt loses it and grabs an officer’s gun, starts waving it around and manages to gut-shoot the medical examiner. Olivia has her gun out, pointed at a target maybe five feet away and is dealing with someone not exactly practiced in the art of firing a gun, and she sets her gun on the floor when the crazed mom demands she do so. Now I may be wrong, but my impression is that if you have a weapon of any kind and an officer points his gun at you and says “put your weapon down,” refusing to comply will most likely end with you being very dead. I just discovered your wonderful blog when someone retweeted it.Love it.Love SVU.!My fave crime procedural show of all time.I love that you are able to dissect each episode with a such a discerning eye based on your own work history. I really liked “Hunting Ground” episode for a couple of reasons.Its nice to see Liv finally happy, in love(perhaps) and have some semblance of a romantic life outside of this gruesome work.One note”Harry Connick Jr. PLAYS EADA David Haden, not Harry Connick Jr.lol.. He played the part of Haden well, but he wouldn’t have been my first choice for the role as Livs lover.Too polished and urbane. Her past history with lovers- though only a few- seemed to be working class types.I loved the little scene in the beginning teaser when Liv and David, arm in arm walked right past the serial killer with his dog while he got a newspaper, unbeknownst to any of them.Wonderful little nuanced scene I thought. I agree: at the end,no police squad in a hostage-situation would have left Liv on her own in a cabin with said armed serial killer. We always have to suspend our disbelief though- its only a tv show…..	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line839
__label__cc	0.734592	0.265408	Home tor Torguard Port – TorGuard Anonymous VPN Review – 2019 Torguard Port – TorGuard Anonymous VPN Review – 2019 Intro Torguard Port With a proven track record, TorGuard has Evolved to a VPN provider for users. We here in The VPN Lab agree that it is one of the best 10 VPN providers currently offered. Servers run and provides VPN service that is great at affordable prices. Torguard Port Click here to subscribe to Torguard today. A VPN creates an encrypted tunnel between your PC And a VPN server. Your internet traffic travels through that tunnel, meaning that anyone snooping around on the same system as you, won’t see something. A VPN may also help safeguard. ISPs have enormous insight but not if you use a VPN. Because it can procure an insecure network, a VPN is A vital tool when using or traveling that unsecured Wi-Fi network in the neighborhood coffee shop. 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Torguard Port TorGuard Testing In my testing, I installed TorGuard’s applications on A Lenovo ThinkPad T460slaptop. The TorGuard client installed easily and quickly, though It’s not a thrill to behold. The program is minimal, looking a bit more like a mobile app than something I would expect on a desktop . There are not one of those cute bears or the donkeys from Hide My Ass. It does not even have a map interface, and it is a staple of VPN apps. It looks a lot more such as the bare-bones Private Internet Access. Rather than showing a map or advocating servers for Activities, TorGuard just has a list of servers. That is fine, but it is not very friendly to new users. Neither are the options on the app window. The typical user is probably not going to mess with them, but media pros will no doubt enjoy having these choices front and centre. A link at the bottom of the program opens a window filled with choices. 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NordVPN And ProtonVPN are two that provide servers particularly for streaming Netflix content. TorGuard includes a few: stealth servers meant to be almost impossible to be blocked by firewalls. Streaming providers take a dim view of VPNs. That’s That’s not created to your specific region because you can use a VPN to spoof your location and access content. Even if you live in the US but are vacationing in the UK, streaming video services might block your efforts to VPN back into your house country. I had been while attached to a New York VPN server Unable to see any content on Netflix. Of course, that might change in a moment’s notice, which is accurate for VPNs who functioned in my testing with Netflix. Note that section 4.3 of the Netflix terms of service Mentions that where you created your account, you entitled to articles in the region, and that it uses technologies that are certain to confirm your place. It does not expressly forbid the use of a VPN but do not say we didn’t warn you if your account gets locked. Beyond VPN TorGuard Delivers a series of services And privacy online. Along with its basic VPN service, TorGuard also sells Anonymous Torrent Proxy for $5.95 a month; Anonymous Mail for $6.95 a month; along with the Privacy Bundle, which contains both Proxy and VPN support, for $11.95 per month. If You’re tempted to get the Anonymous Proxy support Rather than the VPN support since it’s cheaper, know that the proxy was made to filter only traffic that is BitTorrent, whereas the VPN service protects everything you do online. If you grabbing a torrent or are currently seeding torrents, the proxy makes sure no one sees your IP address. But your internet browsing and other activity is not included. It’s a case of internet anonymity sometimes versus the time. Torguard Port Surprisingly, the TorGuard iPhone apphas a striking, Slick appearance. It’s not going to win any design awards, but it is far, far better than the Windows or even Android apps. That said, we believe the program is actually so simple as to be somewhat confusing to utilize. When we last reviewed TorGuard, we noted that it did not Include our OpenVPN protocol. Instead, IKEv2 is used by the app. We’re also happy to find that its VPN performed well on this platform in our speed tests , too. We like that the TorGuard Android apphas a split Tunneling attribute, as well as most of the features that you’ll see in the Windows program. However, TorGuard drops the ball from style. We find the app feel it will be conducive to new users, and to be perplexing. In our testing, in addition, it created an warning on installation which didn’t inspire confidence. While the TorGuard service is a good one, it is outshone by Android VPN programs. Regrettably, the TorGuard program doesn’t possess the Modicum of panache that found its way into the program. It’s not bad; it is just fine. It is a grey window to receive your VPN started. TorGuard didn’t impress me at the time using its rate test Scores on macOS. I look forward to taking another crack. Nevertheless, I am pleased to see that OpenVPN is included by it. It’s one of the VPNs. The Difference Torguard Makes TorGuard has a great deal going for it: a Cost, a collection of subscription add-ons to customize your security expertise, and also also a geographically diverse collection of servers. Especially noteworthy is its focus on BitTorrent usage, and also how it aced our rate tests–two factors that are associated. TorGuard also has an superb privacy policy, one that is sweet short, and consumer-friendly. The exact same can’t be stated for its program expertise, which has been sacrifice ease of use. This VPN service does a lot , and it gets a high Score for doing so. It is neck-and-neck with Internet Access, not only in relation to what it offers but the way that it is offered by it. Both are privacy-focused, both have options that are arcane, and neither has a terrific UI. TorGuard, for its part, has the rate but it is beaten by Private online Access on endurance, which explains why it requires an Editors’ Choice award together with NordVPN and TunnelBear. However, TorGuard is an service that’s well worth considering, especially if speed is everything for you. Torguard Port TorGuard provides four different subscription programs Based on the length of the subscription. You are able to subscribe to six months, three weeks, one month or one year. The longer your subscription interval, the higher the discount. The monthly program costs $9.99, the quarterly subscription costs $19.99, and the semi-annual subscription prices $29.99. If you opt for the yearly subscription, which costs $59.99, then you will be paying only $4.99 a month (you’ll be billed the whole sum at once). TorGuard also offers a biannual plan for its most hardcore users at a price of $99.99 charged every 2 decades. In addition to all major credit cards, TorGuard additionally accepts BitCoin, PayPal, UnionPay, and Alipay. Click here to sign up to Torguard today.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line840
__label__cc	0.539443	0.460557	All Time Crypto Cryptocurrency Review Cult TV Juggernaut ‘The Office’ is Returning – As a Podcast – September 12, 2019 TomasdeskComment(0) Get ready for plenty of ‘The Office’ trivia.. \| Source: AP Photo/Laura Rauch “The Office” will not die. After debuting in the UK in 2001, it adapted to the US for 9 glorious seasons, then resurrected itself on Netflix, and now it’s evolving in the most millennial way possible. It’s becoming a podcast. .@Stitcher is launching the ultimate podcast for nostalgic fans of @theofficenbc, with two of the original stars of the series and real life best friends: @jennafischer and @AngelaKinsey. “Office Ladies” premieres Oct. 16 on @earwolf. Read more via @CNN. https://t.co/5ME0MCaW7e — The E.W. Scripps Co. (@EWScrippsCo) September 11, 2019 Pam & Angela, played by Jenna Fischer and Angela Kinsey, will host the new podcast “Office Ladies.” The two actresses, best friends in real life, will discuss episodes from the show and provide behind-the-scenes commentary. Fischer said in a statement, “As we close in on the 15th anniversary of the show, it seemed like a great time to share our stories and behind-the-scenes trivia with fans. Besides talking about ‘The Office,’ you can also hear us chat a little about our lives, our Target runs together, our friendship through the years.” While “The Office” does have a huge fanbase, it begs the question: will people still care? The Rise of Podcasts about TV Shows “Office Ladies” will be far from the first podcast centered around a TV show. “The Talking Dead” has found success recapping episodes of “The Walking Dead.” “Grey’s Anatomy” has at least five podcasts bearing its name. Heck, there’s a company entirely devoted to producing podcasts that recap episodes of shows. There is clearly interest in the genre but most of those podcasts center around active shows. It’s hard to imagine anyone clamoring for a podcast about “Burn Notice,” another popular show that ended in 2013. The Office Cannot Be Stopped “The Office,” however, is in another stratosphere. In fact, the Chicago Tribune said in June that the Office is the most popular show on Netflix. According to NBC, it was streamed over 52 billion times in 2018. The streaming giant may have nudged the numbers by urging fans to get their fix before the show moves to NBC’s streaming platform. The Office is going to be taken down from @Netflix. pic.twitter.com/2OAyGIv4Ku — Digital Trends (@DigitalTrends) July 21, 2019 Still, it appears as though Pam & the crew have staying power. Or at least enough power to stay relevant until it morphs into another form. The Office VR, perhaps? “Office Ladies” will premier on October 16th on Stitcher’s comedy network, Earwolf. The show will be available on Stitcher, Apple Podcasts, and Spotify. Last modified (UTC): September 12, 2019 6:07 AM Tomasdesk Bakkt Announces Sept. 23 Launch of Futures and Custody Platform in US August 17, 2019 Tomasdesk Bakkt has announced the coming launch of its much-anticipated platform for daily and monthly futures in the United States in a blog post on Aug. 16. Having received approval from the necessary regulators, the launch is scheduled for Sept. 23. Bakkt’s physically delivered futures have been the subject of a great deal of anticipation, with […] Police Bust Chinese Bitcoin Mining Farm After Surge in Power Usage July 14, 2019 Tomasdesk Police in eastern China busted a bitcoin mining operation following a surge in local electricity usage, according to a wire report from Agence France-Press. The police, who confiscated 4,000 “mining devices,” allege the mining farm misappropriated nearly 20 million yuan ($3 million) in electricity costs. The investigators learned of the theft from a local power […] Bitcoin Price Hits 3-Week Low Even as Investor Bets on Bull Move Surge December 17, 2019 Tomasdesk While the cryptocurrency is losing ground, the number of bullish bets, as represented by the BTC/USD long positions on Bitfinex, have jumped to a record high of 44,523 contracts, surpassing the previous high of 40,193 reached in March 2018. Meanwhile, short positions have remained stuck largely in the 5,000–8,000 range. Source link No, Bitcoin Price Is Not in a 2018-Like ‘Descending Triangle’ of Doom Fortnite YouTuber Formula Tells Fans to ‘Sell Their Beds’ to Go Pro, Sees Backlash two + 3 = Ripple-Backed Crypto Wallet BRD Launches Blockchain Toolbox for Enterprise Apps January 18, 2020 Block.One Will Not Launch Its Social Network on EOS January 18, 2020 SEC: Cash-Strapped Telegram Launched 2018 Token Sale to Pay for Servers January 18, 2020 Tyrone Ross on Why Financial Advisors Are Taking Notice of DeFi January 18, 2020 Plaintiffs Combine Their Market-Manipulation Lawsuits Against Bitfinex and Tether January 17, 2020	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line841
__label__wiki	0.869401	0.869401	Home / Community / Blogs / Current Events / Ford sets sights on Liberal environmental legacy Ford sets sights on Liberal environmental legacy Premier-designate Doug Ford has moved quickly and, in some cases, quietly, to begin undoing small-scale programs to help Ontarians save money and reduce GHGs. BY Andrew Reeves Jun 20 2018 \| IN Current Events Categories: Energy Policy - Elections - Economics - Climate Change Doug Ford addresses supporters in Sudbury. May 2018. (Doug Ford.) CC A-SA Incoming Premier-designate Doug Ford moved quietly this week to begin unravelling the outgoing Liberal government’s environmental legacy. After just six months on the job, Ford's new government fired Molly Shoichet, an award-winning chemist at the University of Toronto with almost 600 peer-reviewed papers, abstracts and patents to her name, who was appointed Ontario's first chief scientist by Kathleen Wynne in November 2017. “I was dismissed. I don’t think it was about me or even about the chief scientist position, but rather an out-with-the-old and in-with-the-new, even though, for me, I had just been there for six months,” Shoichet told The Globe and Mail. A spokesperson for Ford said Shoichet's role is not being eliminated entriely, but that a new "suitable and qualified" candidate will be appointed soon. End of Green ON Starting in late June, instead of locating information about rebate programs to reduce home energy costs via smart thermostats or better windows, visitors to greenon.ca found a notice informing them the $377 million retrofit program was finished. As the National Observer pointed out, the move is reminiscent of incoming Conservative Prime Minister Stephen Harper’s 2006 cancellation of EnerGuide, the federal Liberal’s popular energy retrofit program. The not-for-profit Green ON initiative was launched in August 2017 by Premier Kathleen Wynne and overseen by then Environment and Climate Change Minister Chris Ballard. The goal was threefold: to reduce Ontario’s greenhouse gas emissions; to provide incentives for businesses and homeowners to green their houses and places of work; and to spur small businesses across the province to open or expand their operations into the $6 trillion global cleantech economy. Small business owners ‘angry’ Green Party of Ontario leader Mike Schreiner was quick to react to the cancellation, accusing Ford of hurting small businesses heavily invested in the tools needed to conduct home energy retrofits. “I’ve already received emails and calls from business owners angry that Ford’s reckless actions will force them to fire staff and lose money,” Schreiner, the newly elected MPP for Guelph, said in a statement. “Mr. Ford has declared war on businesses creating jobs that are good for the environment and that help people save money by saving energy.” Solar industry executives at a renewable energy convention in Calgary this week told reporters that Ford's announcement would see a significant investments flowing out of Ontario and into province like Alberta. "There was a ton of investment coming into Ontario," said Todd Marron, North American sales manager for Toronto-based SolarWall, a company that manufactures solar heating systems for commercial and residential buildings. Speaking with the Canadian Press at the Solar Canada expo, Marron said the entire industry was set for "explosive growth" in Ontario, but that investment capital will now head to Alberta "or back to the safe haven of California," he said. Federal Environment Minister Catherine McKenna, who stood alongside Wynne and Ballard earlier this year at a Toronto house undergoing an energy retrofit, said on Twitter the move was “disappointing,” suggesting the incoming Premier “doesn’t care about climate action or helping families & businesses save money & supporting innovative Ontario businesses and jobs.” “This means no more money to help businesses become more energy efficient, no money for social housing energy retrofits, and no money for colleges, universities and hospitals to reduce their energy use." — Keith Brooks, Environmental Defence. This gaping revenue hole will have serious consequences for small businesses, municipalities and other organizations across Ontario reliant on cap-and-trade-generated funding to make the kind of infrastructure changes necessary to save money on energy costs. “This means no more money to help businesses become more energy efficient, no money for social housing energy retrofits, and no money for colleges, universities and hospitals to reduce their energy use,” said Keith Brooks, programs director for Environmental Defence, in a statement. It also means “no funding for cycling infrastructure, electric vehicles, and public transit.” So long cap-and-trade Green ON was funded in full by the proceeds of Ontario’s cap-and-trade auctions, part of a joint carbon market with California and Quebec. The province raised close to $3 billion selling carbon offset credits to polluters at roughly $18/tonne for current and future emissions. Ford, who railed against Ontario’s cap-and-trade policy since his earliest days in the Progressive Conservative leadership race in February, told reporters last week that his first task as Premier-designate would be to scrap Ontario’s “carbon tax,” as he incorrectly calls it. “In Ontario, the carbon tax's days are numbered,” he said Friday at a Queen’s Park news conference. The announcement sets up an anticipated showdown with the federal government who have vowed to implement a price on carbon pollution for any province that fails to put their own carbon pricing system in place by early 2019. The incoming provincial government has already budgeted $30 million in taxpayer dollars to fight Ottawa over its carbon reduction plan, with Ford noting months ago his will to fight Prime Minister Justin Trudeau all the way to the Supreme Court if necessary. A spokesperson for Environment Minister McKenna told CBC News the federal government’s mandate for imposing a carbon price on reluctant provinces is clear. “Ontario's current pollution pricing system meets the federal standard,” said McKenna's press secretary Caroline Thériault. And if Ford wants to scrap the Liberal’s plan, “the federal price on pollution,” which could be substantially higher per tonne than Ontario’s $18 price tag, “would apply.” Last updated Thursday, July 5 at 10:54 EST. Andrew Reeves is the Editor-in-Chief of Alternatives Journal. Overrun, his book about Asian carp in North America, will be published in Spring 2019 by ECW Press. His work has also appeared in the Globe & Mail, Spacing and Corporate Knights. Follow him on Twitter. If you liked this article, please subscribe or donate today to support our work. More from Current Events What "Selma" Can Teach the Canadian Climate Movement What's on the Environmental Agenda for 2015 Muir wins $100,000 Weston prize for a lifetime of Arctic research Building housing on flood plains another sign of growing inequality A\J moderates comments to maintain a respectful and thoughtful discussion. Comments may be considered for publication in the magazine. A\J Blogs A\J Editorial Board (19) A\J Editorial Board A\J Special Delivery (185) A\J Special Delivery Backstage at A\J (87) Backstage at A\J Current Events (216) Current Events EcoLogic (16) EcoLogic Food and Culture (29) Food and Culture Green Living (36) Green Living Made in Canada (23) Made in Canada Renewable Energy (59) Renewable Energy Shades of Green (15) Shades of Green Summer Reading Series (8) Summer Reading Series Sustainable A\J (58) Sustainable A\J The Green Student (19) The Green Student The Mouthful (14) The Mouthful The Wild Side (44) The Wild Side Think Global (21) Think Global Turtle Island Solidarity Journey 2018 (4) Turtle Island Solidarity Journey 2018	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line843
__label__wiki	0.796631	0.796631	Home National GOP senator admits his party isn't getting anything done: 'Zero. Zilch. Nada.' Sen. John Kennedy (R-LA). (AP Photo/Alex Brandon) GOP senator admits his party isn't getting anything done: 'Zero. Zilch. Nada.' Republicans control the Senate, but they're refusing to actually do their jobs. Sen. John Kennedy (R-LA) admitted that his party has "done nothing" in the Senate, highlighting his party's refusal to even hold votes on popular legislation passed in the House. "Other than the nominations, which are important, we have done nothing. Zero. Zilch. Nada," Kennedy said Wednesday during a speech on the floor of the Senate. Kennedy noted that the GOP-controlled Senate has confirmed many right-wing judges, fulfilling one of Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell's long-held goals to pack the courts, but that it isn't enough. "We need to do more," Kennedy said. There are over a hundred bills that have passed in the House since Democrats took over in January, but McConnell has refused to do his job and allow senators to vote on them. He has ignored the millions of voters who back legislative priorities like fighting election corruption, ensuring paycheck fairness for women, and creating stronger background checks for gun purchases. Instead, aside from pushing unqualified judges onto the courts, McConnell has preferred to hold show votes to attack Democrats on issues like climate change and abortion. "Leader McConnell has turned the Senate into a legislative graveyard," Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer said earlier in May. McConnell's tactics have helped make him the most unpopular senator in America. McConnell has been proud of his intransigence and has been campaigning for reelection by bragging about his partisan blockade. He has also promised that even if Trump loses reelection, he will continue to ignore the will of the people. "If I'm still the majority leader in the Senate [in 2020], think of me as the Grim Reaper," McConnell told voters in Owensboro, Kentucky. "None of that stuff is going to pass." But McConnell isn't waiting until 2020 to kill popular legislation. And at least one of his fellow Republicans in the Senate thinks it's a bad idea. Previous articleKellyanne Conway can't stop whining that Pelosi won't treat her like she's president Next articleTrump's Homeland Security pick: States can use 'war powers' to fight immigrants Former research fellow at Media Matters for America who has been blogging about politics since 2001. Follow him on Twitter @owillis.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line844
__label__cc	0.569657	0.430343	AnythingNovel Home » Peerless Battle Spirit » Peerless Battle Spirit - Chapter 235 Admins note : Error? delete cache/history browser. Still error? report it. - Next button doesnt work? sometimes, open via index Peerless Battle Spirit - Chapter 235 Chapter 235: Chapter 235 - Are You Trying to Abuse Your Numbers Chapter 235 - Are You Trying to Abuse Your Numbers? Following the words, a ‘shoosh’ was heard as an old white-eyebrowed man landed from above. His entry instantly caused many among the crowd to shudder violently and blurted out. “He is the first elder of the inner disciples!” “Why is he here, is he here to help the leader of the Disciplinary Hall?” Following this, a few other ‘shooshes’ were heard as numerous Martial Emperor Realm experts arrived at the scene. The disciples and elders at the Hall of Life and Death lost their ground after seeing this. “It’s the first elder of the outer disciples!” “That’s the third elder of the inner disciples!” “Isn’t that the Vice-Leader of the Hall of Fame? And the Vice-Leader of the Disciplinary Hall?” In just a period shorter than five breaths’ time, eight authorities arrived at the scene in a continuous fashion. At that instant, the disciples and elders among the crowd finally realized that this Disciplinary Hall Leader was definitely going crazy! “It’s been a long time since I’ve had the chance to witness such a magnificent scene.” At that moment, a calm voice could be heard, as an old man wearing a luxurious robe was seen approaching the crowd from the entrance. As soon as he appeared, the previous eight authorities wore respectful expressions as they brought their fists together, “Greetings, Leader of the Skills Library!” The words served as a series of hammering striking down on the hearts of the crowd! The Skills Library Leader was here too! “Old man, how are you always one step ahead of me?” Following a pleasant voice, a gorgeous middle-aged woman appeared in front of the crowd. “Greetings, Leader of the Hall of Fame!” The eight authorities brought their fists together once again. At that instant, the crowd’s mind went blank, unable to describe their feelings. Four Hall Leaders and eight authorities. Such a grand scene just because of a mere duel! With the Hall of Life and Death being the center, within five miles from it, there were at least over one hundred elders and one thousand disciples surrounding the place. The Disciplinary Hall Leader had totally lost his mind, who did not care about anything else as he glared at the Leader of the Hall of Life and Death, “I know that your cultivation has reached the half-Martial Ancestor Realm. I would treat you respectfully usually, but today you have to step aside. Qin Nan must die!” The eyes of the Leaders of the Hall of Fame and the Skills Library glistened, as their bodies began to emit a stream of battle intent. The eight authorities stood behind them, whose Qi rumbled within their bodies like surging rivers, ready to execute their strongest attack at any time. The Leader of the Hall of Life and Death wore a calm expression as if he was not aware of the battle which could break out at any second now, “There are rules here in the Hall of Life and Death. Since Qin Nan did not break the rules, I will not allow anyone to harm Qin Nan, even if the Sect Leader were to be here today!” With a flick of his wrist, he grabbed the murderous spear in his hand once again and faced the authorities on his own. “Great, I’m impressed by your backbone!” The Disciplinary Hall Leader burst out laughing. He had not expected this guy to be so stubborn. Without a second thought, he took a step forward, as a Martial Emperor Realm aura burst out from his body. “We shall lend a hand!” The Leaders of the Hall of Fame and the Skills Library both uttered a shout, who performed a mystical gesture with their hands and together with the Disciplinary Hall Leader, formed a triangular formation surrounding the Leader of the Hall of Life and Death in the middle. The Leader of the Hall of Life and Death had indeed reached the half-Martial Ancestor Realm, who held the spear in his hand and executed shocking spear attacks as if there was endless force residing within his aging body. He even managed to get the upper hand while battling against three hall leaders at the same time. “Three Hall Leaders, allow us to lend a hand!” After observing the situation, the eight authorities did not hesitate to lash out powerful attacks and joined the battle. A terrifying brawl instantly took place, as countless explosions took place in the space above the Hall of Life and Death, causing the entire hall to tremble vigorously. The elders and disciples inside the Hall of Life and Death were utterly frightened after receiving the impact of the battle’s shockwaves. Some of them instantly executed their movement techniques and swiftly left the scene, keeping a distance away from the shocking battle. Those with higher cultivations were not willing to miss such a great opportunity, and executed their defensive techniques while observing the fight. After all, it was such a rare chance to be able to witness a battle of such a scale. That being said, the spectators were being flung around too like lotuses floating on a great surge, who had no choice but to follow the waves. Only Qin Nan was able to stand firmly on the platform despite the fact that he was right under where the battle was taking place. At that instant, within five miles of the Hall of Life and Death, over a thousand elders and disciples—either floating in mid-air or standing on the ground—were utterly astounded watching the battle. “It seems like the battle is currently at a draw, although the Leader of the Hall of Life and Death is fighting three Hall Leaders and eight authorities by himself!” “This Leader of the Hall of Life and Death is exceedingly powerful. I did not expect such an expert to remain hidden within the Mystic Spirit Sect.” “Damn it, what charm does this Qin Nan has, that the Leader of the Hall of Life and Death is so fond of him? I don’t believe that he is just trying to protect the rules!” “Sigh, I have no idea how this battle is going to end!” While the crowd was immersed in their discussions, a sudden explosion took place. Following it, an old woman appeared. Her entry caused many among the crowd to blurt out once again! “Leader of the Treasure Vault, she is here too!” “This, this, this, apart from the Sect Leader, all five Hall Leaders have gathered here!” The Mystic Spirit Sect consisted of six main halls, which were the Sect Leader’s Hall, the Hall of Fame, the Treasure Vault, the Skills Library, the Hall of Life and Death and the Disciplinary Hall. The Sect Leader was the Hall Leader of the Sect Leader’s Hall. As such, a small duel ended up gathering five Hall Leaders here. It was definitely a rare sight over the past thirty years. In the midst of their astonishment, the inner elders and disciples were having a different thought. Are these five Hall Leaders here because of a tiny duel? “Leader of the Hall of Life and Death, why are you being so stubborn? Qin Nan is too full of himself, with a lawless attitude. He should have been killed a long time ago!” The Leader of the Treasure Vault instantly revealed her intention of wanting Qin Nan dead as soon as she hafd arrived. The Leaders of the Hall of Fame and the Skills Library secretly exchanged glances with one another, without saying anything. “The Hall of Life and Death has its own rules. Even if the Sect Leader was here, I would not change my decision!” The Leader of the Hall of Life and Death remained expressionless as he continued to fling his spear. “Let’s fight then!” The eyes of the Leader of the Treasure Vault flickered, who immediately joined the battle and combined her attacks with the other three hall leaders, while supporting the attacks of the eight authorities, resulting in a thoroughly calculated formation with a terrifying power. At that instant, the tide of the battle was changed, as one attack after another landed onto the Leader of the Hall of Life and Death’s body. The Leader of the Hall of Life and Death let out a painful moan, as a trail of blood could be seen flowing out from his mouth. Although his cultivation was indeed outstanding, he could not hold out any longer facing the attacks from four hall leaders and eight authorities. In the nick of time, he immediately uttered a cry, “Qin Nan, leave at once. I’ll handle everything here!” “In your dreams!” The Leader of the Treasure Vault took out an object and flicked it with her finger. The object turned out to be a giant web emitting seven colors. After it was fired, it became alive and emitted a surprisingly bright glow, which encapsulated the figure of the Leader of the Hall of Life and Death, who was unable to break himself free despite trying his best. “This is the Seven-Colored Emperor Sealing Web. Although it is only a Xiantian Weapon, it can apprehend a Martial Dominator for a period of three breaths’ time, and a Martial Ancestor for a period of thirty breaths’ time!” The Leader of the Treasure Vault said in a harsh tone, “What are you guys waiting for, kill Qin Nan now!” At that instant, the four Hall Leaders and eight authorities, with the Disciplinary Hall Leader as their leader, landed onto the platform and gazed at Qin Nan. It was not the first time the Hall Leaders had met Qin Nan, but this was the first time since they had declared their loyalty toward the Sect Leader. Hence, their only aim was to kill him. BANG! BANG! BANG! The suppression from the twelve people alone caused the platform to vibrate vigorously, as cracks were formed on its surface. “Qin Nan, die!” The eyes of the Disciplinary Hall Leader glistened upon seeing the person who had killed his son, who uttered a roar and attacked. In this moment of life and death, a hysterical smile appeared on Qin Nan’s face, “Well, well, well, four hall leaders and eight authorities are all here just to eliminate me! Princess Miao Miao, Longhu Ancestor Beast, how long are you guys planning to wait!” In this final moment, Qin Nan let out a shout. In the sky above the Hall of Life and Death, a thunderous explosion was heard, as a huge stormy cloud enclosed the ten miles around the Hall of Life and Death, bringing total darkness to the area. Everyone was startled at that instant, causing them to raise their heads. A huge dragon head poked out from the stormy clouds, whose ferocious pair of glowing dragon eyes glanced downward at the crowd, emitting a thunderous voice from its bloody mouth, “Are you trying to bully Qin Nan by abusing your numbers?” Translator: XephiZ Editor: DOCuinn Share Novel Peerless Battle Spirit - Chapter 235 Popular Novel Reincarnation Of The Strongest Sword God Peerless Martial God Bringing The Farm To Live In Another World My Wife is a Beautiful CEO Divine Doctor Daughter of the First Wife Miracle Doctor Abandoned Daughter The Sly Emperors Wild Beast Tamer Empress In a Different World with a Smartphone The Poison Genius Consort Martial Peak The Rebirth of the Malicious Empress of Military Lineage Seirei Gensouki Konna Sekai de Deaeta Kimi ni In Different World with Naruto System Peerless Martial God - Chapter 2001 #Read#Novel#Peerless#Battle#Spirit#-##Chapter#235 Any content, trademarks or other materials that can be found on AnythingNovel.com is not a property of AnythingNovel.com, but the copyright of their respective owners. AnythingNovel.com does not claim ownership or liability of this type contains, and you must obtain legal approval for any use of these materials from their owners. Copyright © 2017 ~ AnythingNovel.com Read any novel arround the world online.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line851
__label__cc	0.69029	0.30971	Fruit and Match 4+ Learn Fruit Names! CompaNova LLC Fruit and Match is a fun and educational game that combines a popular memory pair matching game concept with an easy-to-learn approach to memorizing the names of the fruits in various languages. With Fruit and Match you can practice pronunciation of fruit words in multiple languages or relax with the simple pair matching mode. Fruit and Match is suitable for small children who have just started to learn letters, as well as adults who want to pick up basic knowledge of foreign languages. With the help of text-to-speech technology you can learn how to pronounce fruit words in many languages! The unique design of Fruit and Match has been proven to be an effective and efficient way to quickly learn the basics of foreign languages. And it is a free game! - Multiple levels and options to choose from - Supports 3 difficulty levels (easy, medium, hard) - Multiple languages (7 languages) to choose from (English, Spanish, French, German, Italian, Portuguese and Russian - with more to come) - Quickly learn and memorize how to say Apple, Apricot, Avocado, Banana, Blackberry, Blueberry, Cantaloupe, Cherry, Coconut, Grape, Green Pear, Kiwi, Lemon, Lime, Mango, Passion Fruit, Melon, Orange, Papaya, Pear, Pineapple, Dragon Fruit, Plum, Pomegranate, Strawberry, Watermelon in English, Spanish, French, German, Italian, Portuguese and Russian - Text-To-Speech technologies provides an easy and effective way to learn foreign words and sounds. - Keeps the top local scores for all levels, modes and languages - A unique game to quickly learn foreign languages - Suitable for children, preschool age kids, and adults - Ideal for kindergarten and preschool programs - Helps kids to memorize alphabets and foreign words - Kids love it! - Best Memory game with sounds and pronunciation - Learn English, Spanish, French, German, Italian, Portuguese and Russian words and sounds - It's a free game. - One of the best free matching memory games - Learn English language - Learn French language - Learn Spanish language - Learn Italian language - Learn German language - Learn Portuguese language - Learn Russian language We value the opinion of our customers and are always looking for your feedback and ideas to improve this game. If you have any feedback, questions, or concerns, please reach us at https://www.companova.com/fruitmatch/ chess player! , 01/11/2020 Learn fruit names A nice game to develop memory and teach kids the fruit names in multiple languages. It supports a veriety of languages and levels. sofimalts , 12/31/2019 Entertaining game A good memory matching game. Supports multiple languages. Makes it easy to memorize and learn fruit names. Ideal for kids Requires iOS 9.0 or later. Compatible with iPhone 5S, iPhone 6, iPhone 6 Plus, iPhone 6S, iPhone 6S Plus, iPhone SE, iPhone 7, iPhone 7 Plus, iPhone 8, iPhone 8 Plus, iPhone X, iPhone XS, iPhone XS Max, iPhone XR, iPhone 11, iPhone 11 Pro, iPhone 11 Pro Max, iPad Air, iPad Air Wi‑Fi + Cellular, iPad mini 2, iPad mini 2 Wi‑Fi + Cellular, iPad Air 2, iPad Air 2 Wi‑Fi + Cellular, iPad mini 3, iPad mini 3 Wi‑Fi + Cellular, iPad mini 4, iPad mini 4 Wi‑Fi + Cellular, iPad Pro (12.9‑inch), iPad Pro (12.9‑inch) Wi-Fi + Cellular, iPad Pro (9.7‑inch), iPad Pro (9.7‑inch) Wi‑Fi + Cellular, iPad (5th generation), iPad (5th generation) Wi‑Fi + Cellular, iPad Pro (12.9‑inch) (2nd generation), iPad Pro (12.9‑inch) (2nd generation) Wi‑Fi + Cellular, iPad Pro (10.5‑inch), iPad Pro (10.5‑inch) Wi‑Fi + Cellular, iPad (6th generation), iPad Wi‑Fi + Cellular (6th generation), iPad Pro (11‑inch), iPad Pro (11‑inch) Wi‑Fi + Cellular, iPad Pro (12.9‑inch) (3rd generation), iPad Pro (12.9‑inch) (3rd generation) Wi‑Fi + Cellular, iPad mini (5th generation), iPad mini (5th generation) Wi‑Fi + Cellular, iPad Air (3rd generation), iPad Air (3rd generation) Wi‑Fi + Cellular, iPad (7th generation), iPad (7th generation) Wi‑Fi + Cellular, iPod touch (6th generation), and iPod touch (7th generation). English, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Simplified Chinese, Spanish, Swedish © 2019 - 2020 CompaNova LLC #1 Password Generator Math and Match Smart English Challenge Free Nature : Bert Save the Earth, The story app for boys and girls to learn simple actions to protect the planet Oust - Learn Smarter Speak German Language 知了服务助手 E&E Karen Alphabets	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line856
__label__wiki	0.609729	0.609729	Google’s New Flag Lets You Enable A Real Search Box In Chrome’s New Tab Page By Alex Schoff Send an email 3 weeks ago Despite the fact that Google Chrome is a popular browser used by billions of people around the world, it still suffers from some major issues. Several people have noticed the fake search box that appears on Chrome’s New Tab page. It’s strange that the search field is just a dummy and it doesn’t perform any search functionality. Notably, the fake search field was introduced on the New Tab page back in 2012. However, many Chrome users were disappointed to see that the search box doesn’t return any search results. Thus, some users filed two bug reports [1, 2] to highlight the issue. One of the users suggested, “NTP searchbox should work like an input (not “focus jump”, especially in full screen)”. On the other hand, the search box that we see on the Bing Search page works just fine. Google has been working to come up with a viable solution to resolve this issue for months. Now it seems like the company has finally shipped a new flag in Chrome 79. Google appears to be testing a new flag that lets you enable a real search box in the browser’s NTP. Real search box in New Tab Page However, the functionality only works if you have selected Google Search as the default search provider in your browser settings. Steps To Enable Real Search Box In Google Chrome If you want to enable the “real” search box in your browser, you need to follow a couple of steps: Open Google Chrome and type chrome://flags/ in your address bar to open Chrome’s flag page. Now use the search box to find the flag “Real search box in New Tab Page“. Alternatively, you can directly jump to the flag by typing chrome://flags/#ntp-realbox. The status of the flag is set to Default, use the drop-down menu to change the status to Enabled. At this point, you should restart the browser to apply the new settings. Once you open the browser again, open a New Tab page. Now start typing in the field, you will notice that the search box is now working on its own. Moreover, Chrome is no longer redirecting the search to the address bar. Do you think that the real search box in Chrome is better than the fake one? Share your preferences in the comments section below. Google Plans To Kill Off A Chrome Flag That Lets You Forcibly Enable… Chrome to Get A Real "Searchbox" On The New Tab Page Very Soon Google Removes Overlay Scrollbar Flag From Chrome 79 Beta, Users Want… How to Enable Google Now Page in Nova Launcher Home Screen	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line857
__label__cc	0.535938	0.464062	Stories in the News onmassimiliano fuksas Archinect Outpost and A+D Museum to host book launch for Single-Handedly Jun 20, '19 4:23 PM EST Join us in celebrating the launch of Single-Handedly: Contemporary Architects Draw by Hand, the latest book by Nalina Moses published by the Princeton Architectural Press. The event will be held at the A+D Museum, with copies of the book sold at Archinect Outpost, on Saturday, June 29th, from... View full entry archinect outpostillustrationdrawingdraftingperry kulperoyler wustudio fuksasmassimiliano fuksas A collective of architects has started a petition requesting equal recognition of Doriana Fuksas, wife and partner of Massimiliano Fuksas A number of architects are seeking justice for the exclusion of Doriana Fuksas in the recent recognition given to her husband and business partner at Studio Fuksas, Massimiliano Fuksas, for a Lifetime Achievement Award from INARCH Istituto Nazionale di Architettura. The initiative has been... View full entry doriana fuksasmassimiliano fuksasstudio fuksaswomen in architecturegender equalitypetition Studio Fuksas designs the New Rome/EUR Convention Centre, the largest building built in Rome in over 50 years By Mackenzie Goldberg Mar 21, '17 12:19 PM EST EUR, a business district in Rome developed in the 1930’s under the dictatorship of Benito Mussolini, is filled with the heroic modernism, otherwise known as Rationalism, of the Fascist era. Now the area will host a new building designed to echo the stark geometry of its context. The €... View full entry studio fuksasitalyconvention centermassimiliano fuksas	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line859
__label__cc	0.720447	0.279553	Records of the Office of the President, 1 resultados 1 Office of the President -- Barber B. Conable -- Anapum Khanna (Special Assistant to the President), 1 resultados 1 Records of the Office of the President Office of the President -- Barber B. Conable -- Anapum Khanna (Special Assistant to the President) Descripción raíz Records of the Office of the President Records of the Special Assistant to the President, Anapum Khanna WB IBRD/IDA EXC-11-04 Subsubfonds Records of President Barber B. Conable Anapum Khanna was appointed as Special Assistant to the President in July 1989 and stayed through the end of Conable's term and into the first months of the Preston term. He succeeded Marianne Haug as the Secretary to the President's Cou... Office of the President -- Barber B. Conable -- Anapum Khanna (Special Assistant to the President)	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line865
__label__cc	0.633125	0.366875	Sirukumab for rheumatoid arthritis: the phase III SIRROUND-D study Clinical and epidemiological research Extended report Tsutomu Takeuchi1, Carter Thorne2, George Karpouzas3, Shihong Sheng4, Weichun Xu4, Ravi Rao5, Kaiyin Fei4, Benjamin Hsu4, Paul P Tak6 1Division of Rheumatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan 2University of Toronto and Southlake Regional Health Centre, Newmarket, Canada 3Division of Rheumatology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA 4Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania, USA 5GSK Medicines Research Centre, Hertfordshire, UK 6GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, UK Correspondence to Dr Paul P Tak, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK; Paul-peter.x.tak{at}gsk.com Objectives Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is implicated in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathophysiology. Unlike IL-6 receptor inhibitors, sirukumab is a human monoclonal antibody that selectively binds to the IL-6 cytokine. The phase III, multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group SIRROUND-D study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01604343) evaluated the efficacy and safety of sirukumab in patients with active RA refractory to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. Methods Patients were randomised 1:1:1 to treatment with sirukumab 100 mg every 2 weeks, 50 mg every 4 weeks or placebo every 2 weeks subcutaneously. Results through week 52 are reported. Results Of 1670 randomised patients, significantly more patients achieved American College of Rheumatology 20% (ACR20) response at week 16 (coprimary endpoint) with sirukumab 100 mg every 2 weeks (53.5%) or 50 mg every 4 weeks (54.8%) versus placebo (26.4%; both p<0.001). Mean (SD) change from baseline in modified Sharp/van der Heijde score at week 52 (coprimary endpoint) was significantly lower with sirukumab (100 mg every 2 weeks: 0.46 (3.26); 50 mg every 4 weeks: 0.50 (2.96)) versus placebo (3.69 (9.25); both p<0.001). All major secondary endpoints (week 24 Health Assessment Questionnaire–Disability Index change from baseline, ACR50 response, 28-joint Disease Activity Score based on C reactive protein and major clinical response (ACR70 for six continuous months by week 52)) were met. The most common adverse events with sirukumab were elevated liver enzymes, upper respiratory tract infection, injection site erythema and nasopharyngitis. Conclusions Sirukumab 100 mg every 2 weeks and 50 mg every 4 weeks led to significant reductions in RA symptoms, inhibition of structural damage progression and physical function and quality of life improvements, with an expected safety profile. Trial registration number NCT01604343; Results. DMARDs (biologic) DMARDs (synthetic) http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-211328 Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) often have increased levels of interleukin (IL)-6 in serum and the synovial compartment where its levels are correlated to local disease activity.1–3 In the RA synovium, both tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and IL-1 can stimulate IL-6 production by multiple cell types.4 Local concentrations of IL-6 may stimulate leucocyte recruitment to the joint, promote osteoclast maturation and activation, suppress chondrocytes and stimulate synovial proliferation, summarily contributing to joint damage.5 Systemically, elevated IL-6 levels in patients with RA may induce haepatic production of acute-phase proteins6 and likely increase hepcidin and the development of anaemia of chronic inflammation.7 Elevated IL-6 may also be responsible for autoimmune features in RA, such as autoreactive T cell activation and hypergammaglobulinaemia.8 Therefore, IL-6 is an attractive target for the treatment of RA. In patients with active RA and inadequate response to disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) therapy, inhibition of the IL-6 receptor with the monoclonal antibody (mAb) tocilizumab reduced joint swelling and tenderness, improved physical function and reduced the rate of radiographic progression.9–12 Another anti–IL-6 receptor mAb, sarilumab, demonstrated similar efficacy in patients with RA and inadequate response to methotrexate (MTX).13 Although the clinical relevance of a different mechanism of targeting the IL-6 pathway is not fully understood, sirukumab is a human mAb that selectively binds to the IL-6 cytokine with high affinity. Sirukumab was shown to significantly improve signs and symptoms (eg, American College of Rheumatology 20% (ACR20) response at week 16), functionality and quality of life versus placebo in a difficult-to-treat population of RA patients refractory to anti-TNF and other biologicals.14 Two other antibodies to IL-6, clazakizumab and olokizumab, have demonstrated activity in phase II studies of RA patients with an inadequate response to MTX or failure to anti-TNF therapy, respectively.15 16 The SIRROUND-D study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01604343) was designed to assess efficacy and safety of subcutaneous (SC) sirukumab in patients with active RA despite DMARD therapy over 52 weeks. Patients from 18 countries (USA, Canada, Mexico, Colombia, Chile, South Africa, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Ukraine, Serbia, Croatia, Bulgaria, Romania, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan and Malaysia) were enrolled and monitored between July 2012 and September 2015. Eligible patients were aged ≥18 years, had moderately to severely active RA and were refractory to single-agent or combination DMARD therapy including MTX or sulfasalazine, based on lack of benefit after ≥12 weeks. Patients needed ≥6/68 tender joints and ≥6/66 swollen joints at screening and baseline; C reactive protein (CRP) ≥8.0 mg/L; and ≥1 of the following three criteria to be met prior to treatment: (A) anticitrullinated peptide antibody-positive (measured by anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibody test) at screening; (B) rheumatoid factor positive at screening; or (C) documented history of radiographic evidence of erosive RA in the hands and/or feet. Patients using non-biological DMARDs must have been on a stable dose for ≥4 weeks prior to receiving study drug. Patients not currently using DMARDs must not have received DMARDs for ≥4 weeks prior to receiving study drug. Patients who previously were treated with biologicals were permitted, as long as they had not failed anti-TNF or tocilizumab for safety or efficacy reasons and had not received biologicals within the past 3 months (6 weeks for etanercept or yisaipu and 4 weeks for anakinra). Patients with a history of or current serious infection (including tuberculosis) were excluded. This global, phase III, multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study randomised patients 1:1:1 at week 0 to sirukumab 100 mg SC every 2 weeks, sirukumab 50 mg SC every 4 weeks or placebo SC every 2 weeks (see online supplementary figure S1). These doses were previously studied in a phase IIb dose-ranging study.17 Patients were stratified by baseline MTX use (none, up to 12.5 mg/week or ≥12.5 mg/week). Patients on placebo demonstrating <20% improvement from baseline in both swollen and tender joint counts at week 18 (early escape (EE)) or week 40 (late escape (LE)), or still on study treatment at week 52 (crossover), were rerandomised 1:1 to receive blinded treatment with one of the two sirukumab doses through week 104. A 16-week safety follow-up phase occurred after the final dose, making the total study duration 120 weeks excluding the screening period of up to 6 weeks. The study protocol was approved by the relevant institutional review boards or ethics committees, and all patients gave written informed consent. Data were collected by the investigators and analysed by the study sponsor. Supplementary Figure 1 [SP2.jpg] All analyses were prespecified unless otherwise noted; all randomised patients were included in population summaries and efficacy analyses, and all patients treated with ≥1 dose of study agent were included in safety analyses. The coprimary efficacy endpoints were proportion of patients who achieved an ACR20 response at week 16 and change from baseline in modified Sharp/van der Heijde score (SHS) at week 52. Radiographs of the hands and feet were taken at baseline, week 18 (for patients meeting EE criteria), week 24 (for patients who did not meet EE criteria) and week 52. Major secondary endpoints included change from baseline in Health Assessment Questionnaire–Disability Index (HAQ-DI) score at week 24, proportion of patients achieving an ACR50 response at week 24, proportion of patients with the 28-joint Disease Activity Score based on CRP (DAS28 (CRP)) <2.6 at week 24 and proportion of patients achieving major clinical response (defined as ACR70 response for six continuous months) by week 52. Additional endpoints included physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) of the patient-reported 36-item Short Form survey (SF-36) and proportions of patients achieving clinical disease activity index (CDAI) low disease activity (≤10.0) at week 24 and CDAI remission (≤2.8) at weeks 24 and 52 (analyses of CDAI low disease activity and remission were post hoc). Efficacy endpoints were also assessed over time. Safety assessments included monitoring of adverse events (AEs), standard clinical laboratory tests, vital signs evaluations and physical examinations. Serum samples were analysed for antibodies to sirukumab using a validated drug-tolerant electrochemiluminescent immunoassay method on the Meso Scale Discovery platform. A sample size of 550 patients per treatment group would provide approximately 98%–99% power to detect a treatment difference of 11%–17% in the proportion of patients who achieved ACR20 response at week 16 and approximately 98% power to detect a treatment difference of 1.0 in the mean change from baseline SHS at week 52. The coprimary efficacy endpoints were tested in the following predefined order: (1) sirukumab 100 mg every 2 weeks versus placebo in week 16 ACR20 response; (2) sirukumab 100 mg every 2 weeks versus placebo in week 52 SHS change from baseline; (3) sirukumab 50 mg every 4 weeks versus placebo in week 16 ACR20 response; (4) sirukumab 50 mg every 4 weeks versus placebo in week 52 SHS change from baseline. If a given comparison was not significant at α=0.05 (two sided), the remaining treatment group comparisons were to be considered as supportive analyses. For week 16 ACR20, Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel tests stratified by baseline MTX use (none, up to 12.5 or ≥12.5 mg/week) were used for treatment comparisons. The last observation carried forward method was used for imputing missing ACR components if a patient had data for ≥1 ACR component at week 16. Patients were considered ACR20 non-responders if they did not have data for any ACR component at week 16 or if they met any of the following treatment failure criteria prior to week 16: initiated treatment with DMARDs, systemic immunosuppressives or biologicals for RA; increased their dose of MTX; initiated or increased oral corticosteroid treatment or received intravenous or intramuscular corticosteroids for RA; or discontinued study agent. For week 52 SHS change from baseline analyses, analysis of variance tests stratified by baseline MTX use on the van der Waerden normal scores were used for treatment comparisons. Missing SHS values at week 52 were imputed by a linear extrapolation of non-missing values before week 52. For patients who met EE criteria in the placebo treatment group, SHS value at week 52 was replaced by the imputed value from a linear extrapolation of non-missing values prior to escape. Overall, 1670 patients across 185 sites were randomised, administered ≥1 dose of study agent and included in efficacy (non-radiographic) and safety analyses (figure 1). Radiographic efficacy analyses included 1654 patients with non-missing baseline SHS. Demographic and baseline characteristics were generally well-balanced across all treatment groups (table 1). Of note, 583 (34.9%) of the enrolled patients had previously received ≥1 biological therapy (see online supplementary table S1). Supplementary material 1 [SP1.docx] Patient disposition through week 52. EE, early escape; LE, late escape; q2w, every 2 weeks; q4w, every 4 weeks. aIncludes placebo patients who escaped (EE/LE) to sirukumab 50 mg q4w or 100 mg q2w. Demographic and baseline characteristics Both coprimary endpoints were met. The proportion of patients with ACR20 responses was significantly greater for both sirukumab doses compared with placebo at week 16 (both p<0.001; figure 2A). Differences in proportions of patients achieving ACR20 were observed as early as week 2 and sustained through week 52 (both doses p<0.001 vs placebo at weeks 24 and 52). ACR20 response rates in both sirukumab groups were higher compared with placebo, regardless of baseline MTX use (see online supplementary table S2). A summary of percent improvement in ACR components at week 16 is provided (see online supplementary table S3). Significant inhibition of radiographic progression (SHS mean change from baseline) was achieved at week 52 (coprimary endpoint), with differences observed as early as week 24 for sirukumab versus placebo (both doses p<0.001 vs placebo at both timepoints; figure 2B). Significantly higher proportions of patients treated with sirukumab did not show radiographic progression (score change of ≤0 from baseline in SHS total, erosion and joint space narrowing scores) compared with placebo at week 52 (both doses p<0.001 vs placebo; figure 2C). Smaller week 52 SHS mean changes from baseline were observed in both sirukumab groups compared with placebo, regardless of baseline MTX use. The probability plot of the SHS change from baseline at week 52 clearly shows separation between both sirukumab groups and the placebo group and no separation between the sirukumab groups (see online supplementary figure S2). (A) Proportions of patients with an ACR20 response at week 16a and ACR20 response over time.b,c,d (B) Change from baseline in SHS results at weeks 24 and 52.e (C) Proportions of patients with no radiographic progression from baseline to week 52.e EE, early escape; JSN, joint space narrowing; LE, late escape; NR, non-responder; q2w, every 2 weeks; q4w, every 4 weeks; SHS, Sharp/van der Heijde score; TF, treatment failure. aBased on imputed values by missing data (NR)/TF(NR). bBased on imputed values by missing data (NR)/TF(NR)/EE(NR)/LE(NR). cp<0.001 for both doses of sirukumab versus placebo across all timepoints based on Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test. dNot significant for sirukumab 50 mg q4w versus sirukumab 100 mg q2w across all timepoints based on Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test. eBased on imputed values by EE rules and then missing data rules. fp<0.001 versus placebo based on Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test. gp<0.001 versus placebo based on van der Waerden analysis of variance. All major secondary efficacy endpoints demonstrated significant improvements for both sirukumab doses versus placebo (all p≤0.001; table 2). In addition, more patients on sirukumab achieved ACR70 as early as week 8, with treatment differences maintained through week 52 (both doses p<0.001 vs placebo at weeks 16, 24 and 52; table 2). ACR90 responses were achieved by a significantly greater proportion of patients on both sirukumab doses versus placebo at weeks 16, 24 and 52 (all p<0.05; not shown). The proportions of patients achieving CDAI low disease activity (≤10.0) for sirukumab 100 mg every 2 weeks and 50 mg every 4 weeks at week 24 were 30.2% and 29.4%, respectively, compared with 15.5% for placebo (both p<0.001 vs placebo); at week 52, proportions were 32.0% and 32.5%, respectively, compared with 15.3% for placebo (both p<0.001 vs placebo). The proportions of patients in CDAI remission (≤2.8) at week 24 for sirukumab 100 mg every 2 weeks and 50 mg every 4 weeks were 8.4% and 7.0%, respectively, compared with 3.1% for placebo (both p≤0.003 vs placebo). At week 52, the proportions of patients in CDAI remission for sirukumab 100 mg every 2 weeks and 50 mg every 4 weeks were 8.3% and 10.1%, respectively, compared with 3.8% for placebo (both p≤0.002 vs placebo). Results of major and other key secondary endpoints Significantly greater improvements from baseline in health-related physical and emotional well-being were observed with sirukumab on the patient-reported SF-36 PCS and MCS scores at week 52 (p<0.001 for PCS and MCS, both sirukumab doses vs placebo; table 2). At weeks 24 and 52, greater improvements in all eight individual SF-36 domain scores were achieved with sirukumab compared with placebo (all p≤0.006), and significantly more sirukumab-treated patients achieved clinically meaningful improvements (≥5-point increase) from baseline in PCS and MCS scores compared with placebo (all p≤0.009). Safety results were summarised in the ‘pure’ placebo-controlled period prior to EE (to week 18; see online supplementary table S4) and at the end of the placebo-controlled period (to week 52) for all AEs (table 3) and for specific AEs of interest (see online supplementary table S5). Through week 52, no disproportional increase from week 18 was observed in AE rates, and the overall AE profile was similar to that observed through week 18. The most common AEs (≥5%) through week 52 with sirukumab were elevated liver enzymes, upper respiratory tract infection, bronchitis, nasopharyngitis, injection site erythema and pruritus, leucopaenia, neutropaenia, headache, and hypertension (table 3). No dose relationship was apparent between sirukumab doses and the types or frequency of AEs other than injection site reactions (ISRs) and elevated liver enzymes, which were more frequent with sirukumab 100 mg every 2 weeks than 50 mg every 4 weeks. No ISRs were considered severe in intensity, and four patients (two in each sirukumab dose group) discontinued the study due to mild or moderate ISRs. Summary of overall safety through week 52 Through week 18, serious AEs (SAEs) were reported in 4.7%, 2.9% and 3.1% of patients in the sirukumab 100 mg every 2 weeks, 50 mg every 4 weeks and placebo groups, respectively; through week 52, SAEs were reported in 9.8%, 11.0% and 6.8% of patients, respectively. Serious infections were reported in 0.9%, 0.7% and 0.9% of patients, respectively, through week 18, and were numerically greater in the sirukumab 100 mg every 2 weeks combined (3.3%) and 50 mg every 4 weeks combined (4.1%) groups (including EE patients) compared with the placebo group (1.8%) through week 52. Two gastrointestinal (GI) perforations were reported: one upper GI (gastric) perforation in the placebo group and one lower GI perforation (perforated appendicitis) in a patient randomised to placebo with EE to sirukumab 50 mg every 4 weeks. During the 18-week period prior to EE, mortality rates were the same across the treatment groups, with one death each in the three groups. Through 52 weeks, there was a numerical imbalance in exposure-adjusted mortality rates (supplementary table S5); however, the interpretation of these results is confounded by the loss of randomisation as patients in the placebo group switched to sirukumab at EE and LE timepoints. Laboratory abnormalities were similar for both sirukumab doses and were numerically higher than placebo; the incidence of grade 3/4 laboratory abnormalities with sirukumab was low for decreased platelets (0.2% grade 3; 0% grade 4), decreased neutrophils (4.1% grade 3; 0.2% grade 4), increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT; 3.2% grade 3, 0% grade 4) and increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST; 0.7% grade 3; 0% grade 4). Decreased neutrophil and platelet counts and increased haemoglobin, ALT and AST began at week 2 of sirukumab treatment and were sustained through week 52 (see online supplementary figure S3). Total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased with both doses of sirukumab relative to placebo; however, the total cholesterol:high-density lipoprotein ratio remained below 4.0 for all treatment groups at week 52. The overall incidence of antibodies to sirukumab through week 52 was 2.4% (16/654), occurring in 1.2% (4/328) of patients receiving sirukumab 100 mg every 2 weeks and 3.7% (12/326) of patients receiving sirukumab 50 mg every 4 weeks. Only one of these 16 patients (in the 50 mg every 4 weeks group) was positive for neutralising antibodies to sirukumab. In patients who were positive for antidrug antibodies, there was no apparent relationship between antibodies to sirukumab and clinical response or ISRs. This phase III, double-blind, randomised clinical trial evaluated the safety and efficacy of sirukumab, an IL-6 cytokine antibody, administered as 100 mg every 2 weeks or 50 mg every 4 weeks to patients with moderate-to-severe active RA refractory to conventional DMARDs, including MTX. Approximately one-third of enrolled patients in this large, global study were previously treated with biological DMARD therapy (noting that these patients could not have failed for safety or efficacy reasons) and over two-thirds had prior treatment with ≥2 conventional DMARDs. All clinical efficacy endpoints demonstrated that sirukumab was effective at reducing signs and symptoms of active RA in a robust and rapid manner through 52 weeks. Improvements occurred as early as 2 weeks in patients treated with sirukumab who demonstrated an ACR20 response; responses plateaued at week 12 and were maintained through week 52. The clinical findings were supported by robust effects on structural damage inhibition at week 52. Significant inhibition of radiographic progression was observed with sirukumab as early as week 24 (the first timepoint assessed), and a significantly greater proportion of patients treated with sirukumab showed no progression compared with placebo at week 52. Positive clinical and radiographic effects were consistently associated with significant patient-reported improvements in physical and emotional health and functional status. In a phase IIb trial17 and in the current phase III study, clinical efficacy was largely similar between the 100 mg every 2 weeks and 50 mg every 4 weeks sirukumab doses, suggesting that the two doses do not differ in their effectiveness. The safety profile of sirukumab did not raise any new concerns and was consistent with those reported for agents targeting the IL-6 receptor, such as tocilizumab18 19 and sarilumab.20 The proportions of patients experiencing AEs and SAEs were relatively similar between treatment groups, and the types of AEs and SAEs were similar through the 52-week study period. The most common AEs were elevated liver enzymes and injection site erythema, which was the only AE that was more frequent with sirukumab 100 mg every 2 weeks compared with 50 mg every 4 weeks. ISRs were all considered mild or moderate in severity and led to few discontinuations. No serious opportunistic infections were reported. Laboratory abnormalities included neutropaenia, thrombocytopaenia and increased levels of liver transaminases and lipids, all of which have been reported as class effects of anti–IL-6 therapies. There was no evidence of a dose response for sirukumab in these laboratory abnormalities, except for liver transaminases. This study included a population of patients with RA who were refractory to DMARDs and who may or may not have received prior biological therapy. The results of this study are therefore not applicable to the full spectrum of patients with RA, but provide important information on the use of anti–IL-6 therapy as a possible first-line or alternate biological therapy in patients who are no longer responding to conventional DMARDs. Use of sirukumab in patients who cannot tolerate or are no longer responding to biological DMARDs was demonstrated in the SIRROUND-T study.14 The current study design led to loss of randomisation after the 18-week pure placebo-controlled period and, therefore, longer total exposure in patient-years to sirukumab relative to placebo, which confounded interpretation of safety comparisons between sirukumab-treated and placebo-only patients beyond week 18. The safety of sirukumab continues to be assessed in the long-term extension study. In conclusion, in patients with active RA refractory to DMARDs, sirukumab 100 mg every 2 weeks and 50 mg every 4 weeks led to significant reductions in signs and symptoms of RA, improvement of physical function, inhibition of structural damage progression and improvement of quality of life. Both sirukumab dose regimens were similarly efficacious, and sirukumab also demonstrated an acceptable safety profile. Kishimoto T . Interleukin-6: from basic science to medicine-40 years in immunology. Annu Rev Immunol 2005;23:1–21.doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.23.021704.115806 Tak PP, Smeets TJ, Daha MR, et al . Analysis of the synovial cell infiltrate in early rheumatoid synovial tissue in relation to local disease activity. Arthritis Rheum 1997;40:217–25.doi:10.1002/art.1780400206 Arend WP, Dayer JM . Cytokines and cytokine inhibitors or antagonists in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 1990;33:305–15.doi:10.1002/art.1780330302 Guerne PA, Zuraw BL, Vaughan JH, et al . Synovium as a source of interleukin 6 in vitro. Contribution to local and systemic manifestations of arthritis. J Clin Invest 1989;83:585–92.doi:10.1172/JCI113921 Flannery CR, Little CB, Hughes CE, et al . IL-6 and its soluble receptor augment aggrecanase-mediated proteoglycan catabolism in articular cartilage. Matrix Biol 2000;19:549–53.doi:10.1016/S0945-053X(00)00111-6 Xu Z, Bouman-Thio E, Comisar C, et al . Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and safety of a human anti-IL-6 monoclonal antibody (sirukumab) in healthy subjects in a first-in-human study. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2011;72:270–81.doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.03964.x Nemeth E, Rivera S, Gabayan V, et al . IL-6 mediates hypoferremia of inflammation by inducing the synthesis of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin. J Clin Invest 2004;113:1271–6.doi:10.1172/JCI200420945 Ishihara K, Hirano T . IL-6 in autoimmune disease and chronic inflammatory proliferative disease. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2002;13:357–68.doi:10.1016/S1359-6101(02)00027-8 Emery P, Keystone E, Tony HP, et al . IL-6 receptor inhibition with tocilizumab improves treatment outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis refractory to anti-tumour necrosis factor biologicals: results from a 24-week multicentre randomised placebo-controlled trial. Ann Rheum Dis 2008;67:1516–23.doi:10.1136/ard.2008.092932 Jones G, Sebba A, Gu J, et al . Comparison of tocilizumab monotherapy versus methotrexate monotherapy in patients with moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis: the AMBITION study. Ann Rheum Dis 2010;69:88–96.doi:10.1136/ard.2008.105197 Nishimoto N, Hashimoto J, Miyasaka N, et al . Study of active controlled monotherapy used for rheumatoid arthritis, an IL-6 inhibitor (SAMURAI): evidence of clinical and radiographic benefit from an x ray reader-blinded randomised controlled trial of tocilizumab. Ann Rheum Dis 2007;66:1162–7.doi:10.1136/ard.2006.068064 Smolen JS, Beaulieu A, Rubbert-Roth A, et al . Effect of interleukin-6 receptor inhibition with tocilizumab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (OPTION study): a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised trial. Lancet 2008;371:987–97.doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60453-5 Genovese MC, Fleischmann R, Kivitz AJ, et al . Sarilumab plus methotrexate in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis and inadequate response to methotrexate: results of a phase III study. Arthritis Rheumatol 2015;67:1424–37.doi:10.1002/art.39093 Aletaha D, Bingham CO, Tanaka Y, et al . Efficacy and safety of sirukumab in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis refractory to anti-TNF therapy (SIRROUND-T): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multinational, phase 3 study. Lancet 2017;389:1206–17.doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30401-4 Takeuchi T, Tanaka Y, Yamanaka H, et al . Efficacy and safety of olokizumab in Asian patients with moderate-to-severe rheumatoid arthritis, previously exposed to anti-TNF therapy: Results from a randomized phase II trial. Mod Rheumatol 2016;26:15–23.doi:10.3109/14397595.2015.1074648 Weinblatt ME, Mease P, Mysler E, et al . The efficacy and safety of subcutaneous clazakizumab in patients with moderate-to-severe rheumatoid arthritis and an inadequate response to methotrexate: results from a multinational, phase IIb, randomized, double-blind, placebo/active-controlled, dose-ranging study. Arthritis Rheumatol 2015;67:2591–600.doi:10.1002/art.39249 Sheng S, et al . Sirukumab, a human anti-interleukin-6 monoclonal antibody: a randomised, 2-part (proof-of-concept and dose-finding), phase II study in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis despite methotrexate therapy. Ann Rheum Dis 2014;73:1616–25.doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-205137 Fleischmann RM, Halland AM, Brzosko M, et al . Tocilizumab inhibits structural joint damage and improves physical function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and inadequate responses to methotrexate: LITHE study 2-year results. J Rheumatol 2013;40:113–26.doi:10.3899/jrheum.120447 Kivitz A, Olech E, Borofsky M, et al . Subcutaneous tocilizumab versus placebo in combination with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Care Res 2014;66:1653–61.doi:10.1002/acr.22384 Huizinga TW, Jasson M, et al . Sarilumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody against IL-6Rα in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and an inadequate response to methotrexate: efficacy and safety results from the randomised SARIL-RA-MOBILITY Part A trial. Ann Rheum Dis 2014;73:1626–34.doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-204405 Handling editor Tore K Kvien Contributors TT, CT, GK, SS, WX, RR, BH and PPT contributed to the study design. TT and KF contributed to patient recruitment and treatment. TT, CT, GK, WX, RR, KF and BH contributed to the conduct of the study. SS and KF collected the data. CT, GK, SS, WX, RR, KF, BH and PPT analysed the data. All authors interpreted the data, contributed to drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content, provided final approval of the version published and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work. Funding This study was sponsored by Janssen Research & Development, LLC, in collaboration with GlaxoSmithKline. Writing and editorial support were provided by Allison Michaelis, PhD, of MedErgy, and were funded by Janssen Global Services, LLC and GlaxoSmithKline. Competing interests TT: grant/research support from Astellas Pharma, Bristol-Myers K.K., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Eisai Co., Ltd., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Pfizer Japan Inc., Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Teijin Pharma Ltd., AbbVie GK, Asahi Kasei Pharma Corp., Taisho Toyama Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. and SymBio Pharmaceuticals Ltd; consultant for AstraZeneca K.K., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Novartis Pharma K.K., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Asahi Kasei Medical K.K., AbbVie GK, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Bristol-Myers K.K. and Nipponkayaku Co. Ltd.; speakers bureau for AbbVie GK, Bristol-Myers K.K., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Eisai Co., Ltd., Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Pfizer Japan Inc., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Astellas Pharma, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Celtrion and Nipponkayaku Co. Ltd. CT: grant/research support from Celgene, Novartis and Pfizer; advisory board and consultant for AbbVie, Amgen, Celgene, Hospira, Lilly, Novartis and Pfizer; steering committee for Janssen/Centocor/Johnson & Johnson. GK: grant/research support from Pfizer; consultant for Bristol-Myers Squibb, Genentech, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche and Sanofi; speakers bureau for Bristol-Myers Squibb, Genentech, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche and Sanofi. SS, WX, KF and BH: employees and shareholders of Janssen Research & Development, LLC. RR and PPT: employees and shareholders of GlaxoSmithKline. Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed. © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted. This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line867
__label__cc	0.642945	0.357055	The mRNA Export Factor Gle1 and Inositol Hexakisphosphate Regulate Distinct Stages of Translation Timothy A Bolger, Andrew W. Folkmann, Elizabeth J. Tran, Susan R. Wente Gene expression requires proper messenger RNA (mRNA) export and translation. However, the functional links between these consecutive steps have not been fully defined. Gle1 is an essential, conserved mRNA export factor whose export function is dependent on the small molecule inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6). Here, we show that both Gle1 and IP6 are required for efficient translation termination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and that Gle1 interacts with termination factors. In addition, Gle1 has a conserved physical association with the initiation factor eIF3, and gle1 mutants display genetic interactions with the eIF3 mutant nip1-1. Strikingly, gle1 mutants have defects in initiation, whereas strains lacking IP6 do not. We propose that Gle1 functions together with IP6 and the DEAD-box protein Dbp5 to regulate termination. However, Gle1 also independently mediates initiation. Thus, Gle1 is uniquely positioned to coordinate the mRNA export and translation mechanisms. These results directly impact models for perturbation of Gle1 function in pathophysiology. Peptide Initiation Factors CELLBIO Bolger, T. A., Folkmann, A. W., Tran, E. J., & Wente, S. R. (2008). The mRNA Export Factor Gle1 and Inositol Hexakisphosphate Regulate Distinct Stages of Translation. Cell, 134(4), 624-633. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2008.06.027 The mRNA Export Factor Gle1 and Inositol Hexakisphosphate Regulate Distinct Stages of Translation. / Bolger, Timothy A; Folkmann, Andrew W.; Tran, Elizabeth J.; Wente, Susan R. In: Cell, Vol. 134, No. 4, 22.08.2008, p. 624-633. Bolger, TA, Folkmann, AW, Tran, EJ & Wente, SR 2008, 'The mRNA Export Factor Gle1 and Inositol Hexakisphosphate Regulate Distinct Stages of Translation', Cell, vol. 134, no. 4, pp. 624-633. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2008.06.027 Bolger TA, Folkmann AW, Tran EJ, Wente SR. The mRNA Export Factor Gle1 and Inositol Hexakisphosphate Regulate Distinct Stages of Translation. Cell. 2008 Aug 22;134(4):624-633. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2008.06.027 Bolger, Timothy A ; Folkmann, Andrew W. ; Tran, Elizabeth J. ; Wente, Susan R. / The mRNA Export Factor Gle1 and Inositol Hexakisphosphate Regulate Distinct Stages of Translation. In: Cell. 2008 ; Vol. 134, No. 4. pp. 624-633. @article{af7c87e6dc2c4ddf9801e180950444c7, title = "The mRNA Export Factor Gle1 and Inositol Hexakisphosphate Regulate Distinct Stages of Translation", abstract = "Gene expression requires proper messenger RNA (mRNA) export and translation. However, the functional links between these consecutive steps have not been fully defined. Gle1 is an essential, conserved mRNA export factor whose export function is dependent on the small molecule inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6). Here, we show that both Gle1 and IP6 are required for efficient translation termination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and that Gle1 interacts with termination factors. In addition, Gle1 has a conserved physical association with the initiation factor eIF3, and gle1 mutants display genetic interactions with the eIF3 mutant nip1-1. Strikingly, gle1 mutants have defects in initiation, whereas strains lacking IP6 do not. We propose that Gle1 functions together with IP6 and the DEAD-box protein Dbp5 to regulate termination. However, Gle1 also independently mediates initiation. Thus, Gle1 is uniquely positioned to coordinate the mRNA export and translation mechanisms. These results directly impact models for perturbation of Gle1 function in pathophysiology.", keywords = "CELLBIO, PROTEINS, RNA", author = "Bolger, {Timothy A} and Folkmann, {Andrew W.} and Tran, {Elizabeth J.} and Wente, {Susan R.}", doi = "10.1016/j.cell.2008.06.027", journal = "Cell", publisher = "Cell Press", T1 - The mRNA Export Factor Gle1 and Inositol Hexakisphosphate Regulate Distinct Stages of Translation AU - Bolger, Timothy A AU - Folkmann, Andrew W. AU - Tran, Elizabeth J. AU - Wente, Susan R. N2 - Gene expression requires proper messenger RNA (mRNA) export and translation. However, the functional links between these consecutive steps have not been fully defined. Gle1 is an essential, conserved mRNA export factor whose export function is dependent on the small molecule inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6). Here, we show that both Gle1 and IP6 are required for efficient translation termination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and that Gle1 interacts with termination factors. In addition, Gle1 has a conserved physical association with the initiation factor eIF3, and gle1 mutants display genetic interactions with the eIF3 mutant nip1-1. Strikingly, gle1 mutants have defects in initiation, whereas strains lacking IP6 do not. We propose that Gle1 functions together with IP6 and the DEAD-box protein Dbp5 to regulate termination. However, Gle1 also independently mediates initiation. Thus, Gle1 is uniquely positioned to coordinate the mRNA export and translation mechanisms. These results directly impact models for perturbation of Gle1 function in pathophysiology. AB - Gene expression requires proper messenger RNA (mRNA) export and translation. However, the functional links between these consecutive steps have not been fully defined. Gle1 is an essential, conserved mRNA export factor whose export function is dependent on the small molecule inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6). Here, we show that both Gle1 and IP6 are required for efficient translation termination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and that Gle1 interacts with termination factors. In addition, Gle1 has a conserved physical association with the initiation factor eIF3, and gle1 mutants display genetic interactions with the eIF3 mutant nip1-1. Strikingly, gle1 mutants have defects in initiation, whereas strains lacking IP6 do not. We propose that Gle1 functions together with IP6 and the DEAD-box protein Dbp5 to regulate termination. However, Gle1 also independently mediates initiation. Thus, Gle1 is uniquely positioned to coordinate the mRNA export and translation mechanisms. These results directly impact models for perturbation of Gle1 function in pathophysiology. KW - CELLBIO KW - PROTEINS KW - RNA U2 - 10.1016/j.cell.2008.06.027 DO - 10.1016/j.cell.2008.06.027 JO - Cell JF - Cell 10.1016/j.cell.2008.06.027	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line869
__label__cc	0.575269	0.424731	Comets & Minor Planets Visual Observation Gear & Software Interest Areas: Education What’s Up, Houston – September 2018 By Joe Khalaf, Vice President and Outreach Chairperson – Houston Astronomical Society Welcome to the first edition of What’s Up, Houston. This will be a monthly article to highlight some of the neat things those of us living in the Houston area can see by simply looking up. Some of these items will require “looking up” with binoculars or a telescope for the best views, so if you don’t own either of those, be sure to look for an upcoming outreach event by the Houston Astronomical Society to try and catch a glimpse of what the heavens above have to offer. Planet-Palooza Though we’ve passed opposition for Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn, September is still a great time to observe these planets during the evening and night times. For those who don’t know, opposition is when a planet with an orbit further away from the sun than ours (basically, every planet except Mercury and Venus), happens to lie on the opposite side of the sky from the sun. This also happens to coincide closely to the closest approach that planet has to earth. Subsequently, these planets appear biggest and brightest around these times. These three planets, as well as Venus, make for a great set of targets for telescopes and binoculars. Looking west/southwest, bright Venus lingers over the horizon for about an hour after sunset, then sets for the rest of the night. Because Venus is an “inferior” planet (i.e., its orbit lies between the earth’s orbit and the sun), it’s shape often mimics that of the moon – with multiple phases, including thing crescents and “half” Venuses. As seen from Houston on September 7, 2018 @ 7:00PM Image courtesy of Stellarium Moving to the east, we run across Jupiter – king of the planets. Even a modest pair of binoculars can reveal up to four Jovian moons, but through a telescope is where Jupiter really shines. Dynamic Jupiter often revels great atmospheric features, including several colors bands and storms, but keep an eye out for any shadows being cast on the upper cloud layers by transiting moons. Move further east and we run across Saturn. Through a telescope, we see Saturn’s rings facing us favorably for observations. The rings always look Those with a big enough telescope and good conditions should be able to see the Cassini Division, a dark line separating the outermost large A ring and the inner B ring. Lastly, as we move even further east, we see ruddy, orange Mars hanging like a beacon in the night. This most recent Mars opposition brought the red planet closer to the earth than it’s been since 2003, and it won’t be as close as it was then until the 2035 opposition. While Mars has certainly shrunk a bit from that opposition back at the end of June, it’s still a great time to go out and observe the planet. During opposition, a global dust storm engulfed Mars, making it difficult – if not impossible – to see any surface features. Well, that storm has died down a bit and making out surface features, such as the polar ice caps, Valles Marineris – one of the longest and deepest canyons in the solar system, and Mons Olympus – the tallest volcano in our solar system. That’s just a small sample of what’s up in Houston this month. If you get a chance, head outside and look up, or even better, join the Houston Astronomical Society at a public outreach event and take a look through our telescopes. Until then, may you have clear skies! Skynet Junior Scholars - A new program for high-school aged kids The Houston Astronomical Society and Bellaire High School are collaborating on a cool project called “Skynet Junior Scholars” where high-school aged amateur astronomers will be able to remotely control research-grade telescopes and collaborate on research projects. In Skynet Junior Scholars (SJS), kids study the Universe using the same tools as professional astronomers. With SJS, you get to BE the astronomer. You will feel great when you command a robotic telescope to take a picture of YOUR object! With just an internet connection, Skynet Junior Scholars gives you: Access to world-class optical and radio telescopes. An image gallery to share pictures and publish results. Communication with astronomers and engineers. Each meeting, you’ll: Explore the Solar System, Milky Way Galaxy and the Universe! Earn digital badges as you gain expertise. Collaborate on big projects with other Scholars. Learn astronomy with fun hands-on activities. Design your own investigations! To learn more about SJS, visit: http://www.jimmynewland.com/wp/astro/skynet-junior-scholars/ Science Hobbyists Needed for a National Study This may be of interest to some club members: Are you a science hobbyist? We need your help with a new National Science Foundation sponsored research study that will investigate the characteristics and educational experiences of people who are active in science hobbies. More and more people are engaging in science hobbies; schools and science centers would like to know more about the characteristics of science hobbyists and how these organizations might better support hobbyists’ networking and education. What will happen if you take part in the study? The information gained from this research can help science educators and researchers understand how to better teach science in schools and museums, and how to design better community-based science programs. Participation in this study is voluntary. Information you provide will be anonymous. If you complete the survey, you may elect to enter a drawing for a $100 Target gift card. Survey Link: http://ncsu.qualtrics.com//SE/?SID=SV_7OOsR9G0Pkp5I2N Dr. Gail Jones The Art and Science of Visual Astronomical Observations HAS Program Chair and Master Observer Brian Cudnik has graciously made his new eBook available for complimentary download right here on the HAS Website. It's titled "The Art and Science of Visual Astronomical Observations" and it's a great homage to some of the awe-inspiring aspects of observing at the eyepiece. It's also chocked full of practical techniques for observing and suggestions for how visual observers can contribute to the science of astronomy. In Brian's own words... The purpose of this book is to provide the visual astronomer, especially the beginner, a greater sense of appreciation of each object he or she observes. In addition, I want to instill a greater sense of wonder for the universe as a whole, to discover for oneself one‘s place in the universe and the privilege to be able to contemplate these ideas. Most of the chapters in this book will be divided into two parts, the “art” (named―“appreciation”) section and the “science” (or “application”) section. You may say, “Sure it may be just a ‘white dot’, but consider what is hidden in that ‘white dot’…”; I want to help with the second by discussing the physical nature of the ‘white dot’, I hope to stimulate observers’ interests to keep looking. This is the “art/appreciation” portion of the book, which also seeks to share my own passion for these things. The “science/application” part of the book outlines how amateurs who either cannot afford the sophisticated equipment becoming more widely available, or just prefer to use their own eyes to view celestial objects, can make a contribution to astronomy as a science. Download “The Art and Science of Visual Astronomical Observations” More on the Transit of Venus Jim Wessel of the Johnson Space Center club was kind enough to share this great presentation on the imminent Transit of Venus (June 5th, don't miss it!). You'll need PowerPoint to view this...check it out. Also, the NASA Space Place Team has posted a fun fact page with 'more about this special kind of eclipse and how to view it safely at the new Venus transit'. Houston Area Educational Resources The following colleges and universities offer Astronomy classes for credit: Blinn College Houston Community College Lone Star College Bill Leach and Aaron Clevenson teach astronomy at Lone Star College. Prairie View A&M will soon offer a course called Astronomy & Geology. HAS member Brian Cudnik will be teaching this course; it will cover astronomy and planetary geology (with some geology basics mixed in). Rice University University of Saint Thomas offers Solar System Astronomy (lecture and lab) and Stellar & Galactic Astronomy (lecture and lab) every semester. HAS member Brian Cudnik teaches this class some semesters. University of Houston The following institutions also offer Astronomy classes: The George Observatory Challenger Center (operated by the Houston Museum of Natural Science) Lunar and Planetary Institute Online Astronomy Coursework Recently circulated on the HAS Email List, this self-education website contains ~80 videos that cover a variety of topics of interest to the amateur astronomer. Visit the site here: http://www.khanacademy.org/#cosmology-and-astronomy. If you're feeling really ambitious, head over to MIT's OpenCourseware site. This site offers lecture notes, assignments and solutions from numerous MIT courses on Physics and Astronomy. For other options, visit this blog post from www.marcandangel.com that has links to a dozen different self-education sites	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line884
__label__wiki	0.6326	0.6326	Chipmakers in focus — What to know in markets Friday Heidi Chung Yahoo Finance 15 August 2019 It has been a volatile week of wild swings in the market, but on Friday, chipmakers Nvidia (NVDA) and Applied Materials (AMAT) will be in focus following their quarterly results that were released Thursday evening. Chip giant Nvidia reported a beat on both the top and bottom lines during its fiscal second quarter. Nvidia’s gaming segment revenue, which was being closely monitored, also beat Wall Street estimates. The stock jumped 7% in after-hours trading. “We achieved sequential growth across our platforms,” Nvidia founder and CEO Jensen Huang said in a statement. “NVIDIA accelerated computing momentum continues to build as the industry races to enable the next frontier in artificial intelligence, conversational AI, as well as autonomous systems like self-driving vehicles and delivery robots.” However, Nvidia’s fiscal third quarter revenue guidance missed expectations. The chipmaker expects revenue to total $2.9 billion, lower than estimates for $2.97 billion in revenue during Q3. Rival chipmaker Applied Materials also posted a beat on the top and bottom lines during its third quarter. “Applied Materials is delivering solid financial performance in a market environment that remains challenging for the time being,” President and CEO Gary Dickerson said in a statement. “We are excited about the company’s future opportunities and are fully funding our R&D programs to develop new products and capabilities that will accelerate customers’ roadmaps and underpin our growth in the years ahead.” The company’s fourth quarter adjusted earnings per share and revenue estimates also matched Wall Street expectations. Applied Materials expects adjusted EPS between 72 cents per share and 80 cents per share, estimates were for 75 cents per share. The company anticipates sales between $3.38 billion and $3.68 billion, and expectations were for $3.63 billion in sales during Q4. Meanwhile, Deere & Co (DE) will deliver quarterly results ahead of the open Friday. The industrial giant is expected to post adjusted earnings of $2.84 per share on $9.38 billion in revenue. Heidi Chung is a reporter at Yahoo Finance. Follow her on Twitter: @heidi_chung. More from Heidi: Olive Garden website glitches during Lifetime Pasta Pass promotion Millennials spent $453 million on avocados last year: Study Olive Garden to offer Lifetime Pasta Passes: Unlimited pasta, soup, salad and breadsticks for life Follow Yahoo Finance on Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, Flipboard, LinkedIn, and reddit. Researchers create the world's first living, programmable robots 3 ASX shares to profit from climate change	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line887
__label__wiki	0.688451	0.688451	Benefits for Authors Articles published in the Audiology Research are Open Access, giving a number of advantages for the widest dissemination, visibility, and impact of your research. Publishing as Open access offers authors a number of benefits, including: Higher and faster visibility: Open Access articles are viewed on a global scale, and contents are available to everyone. Wider impact: Thanks to a permissive license like CC BY, scientists and scholars are endowed to make progress on existing researches, thus facilitating the generation of new data. Increased citation: Studies have shown that Open Access articles are regarded and cited more often than established paywall journals/articles. Perpetual accessibility: Open Access articles are hosted on dedicated servers, being accessible to everyone endlessly. Funding opportunities: an increasing number of funding bodies and agencies requires their grant holders to publish their researches as Open Access articles to be comprehensively available, free and without restrictions on re-use. Copyright on any article in the Audiology Research is retained by the author(s) under a CC BY-NC license, which permits to copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the material in any non-commercial medium or format. This type of license is mandatory for many research funding bodies, and allows for maximum dissemination and re-use of open access materials. Wide-ranging and rigorous peer review Manuscripts are evaluated by skilled reviewers who are authorities in your field. Our journal follows the ICMJE Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals and the Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing (joint statement by COPE, DOAJ, WAME, and OASPA). Global spread and discoverability Article level metrics for each article show your research impact on the journal site and provide understandings in the ways people interact with your research in the online environment. How to write a scientific paper How to write a Review article Benefits for Reviewers How to review Thanks to Reviewers Most read last month Residual dizziness after successful repositioning maneuver for idiopathic benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: a review New treatment strategy for apogeotropic horizontal canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo Analysis of the audiological characteristics and comorbidity in patients with chronic tinnitus The NAL-NL2 prescription procedure Multicentre evaluation of the Naída CI Q70 sound processor: feedback from cochlear implant users and professionals Audiology Research is an Open Access, peer-reviewed journal published by PAGEPress®, Pavia, Italy. All credits and honors to PKP for their OJS. © PAGEPress 2008-2020 PAGEPress® is a registered trademark property of PAGEPress srl, Italy • VAT: IT02125780185 • Privacy	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line890
__label__wiki	0.523624	0.523624	April 11, 2011 • 10:33 PM 7 Thoughts On Zack Snyder’s Superman I’ve always felt that Superman was one of the more difficult superheroes to make good stories for. I like the old-timey nature of the character, and I appreciate the values he represents, but for the most part; Kal-El of Krypton is just too damn powerful for his own good. Seriously man, you could probably count all of Superman’s known weaknesses/vulnerabilities on 1 hand, Taking that into account, it’s hard to deny the difficulty writers face when trying to create drama for the man of steel. Inevitably, most Superman stories end up being centered around a villain scheming to do destroy the Earth/Metropolis/Jimmy the Cub Reporter; thereby testing the heroes’ mettle in an indirect fashion. Oh Silver Age comics, how I love thee. While said storytelling device is indeed effective for the most part, honestly; it gets kind of old after awhile. Watching Superman race to save Lois, or pick up a mountain to save a busload of school kids is fun, but prefer my superheroes’ biggest threats to be of the more direct sort. In short, I prefer it when my heroes are in just as much peril as the people they are trying to save. I suppose it should be no surprise that, of all the Superman trades I own; The Death of Superman is easily my favorite. FUCK YES. Which brings me to Zack Snyder’s upcoming film, The Man of Steel. Very little has been publicized in regards to the film’s plot or cast, other than the fact that it’s a gasp REBOOT, but given that Snyder is the director; I think we all know what to expect. Over-the-top imagery and color correction, an overbearing soundtrack, absurd levels of graphic violence, and more than a handful of gratuitous slow-motion fight sequences. While all of the above do in fact add up to a pretty extravagant audio/visual experience, the sad fact of the matter is that Zach Snyder’s shtick just doesn’t do it for me. The man definitely has an eye for angles and gorgeous visuals, but of the films of his that I’ve seen, I felt the pacing was meandering at best, and there was a distinct lack of “heart” to the presentation of the story. That being said, while I have an idea of what to expect from a Zack Snyder Superman, in truth it’s very hard for me to comprehend why he was selected to do it. Superman fuckin’ is heart. That's right Mati, show 'em what heart's all about! Richard Donner’s first 2 Superman films with Christopher Reeve did an incredible job in capturing this aspect of the character, that to this day many people, myself included; still think of Reeve as the finest representation of Superman in any medium. That's a pretty goofy smirk, but even so; he's still Superman in my book. In that sense, the new Superman, Henry Cavill; as well as Snyder himself have their work cut out for them. Hmm, I seem to have gone off on a tangent. The reason I started this post tonight came as a result of reading that Michael Shannon will be playing General Zod in The Man of Steel. While I have no doubt that Shannon will do well in the role, as I was very impressed with his performance in Revolutionary Road; it bothers me to know that General Zod is being re-used for the film. It’s as if the producers/writers are afraid to stray away from the success of Richard Donner’s films. Superman has a pretty solid gallery of rogues to pick from, and truth be told; aside from Terrence Stamp’s brilliant portrayal of the character in Superman II, General Zod has never really been one of my favorites. Sigh I don’t think I’ll ever get tired of that. Knowing Zack Snyder, and his penchant for going over-the-top with things; I’m guessing there’s going to be several villains in the film, if not an entire army or some shit. I’m sorry, but I just can’t picture a Zack Snyder film without a SLOW-MOTION 100-on-1 fight sequence. In that sense, I’d bet that the movie will reference the recent Last Son and New Krypton storylines; thereby giving Mr. Snyder an excuse to have hundreds of Kryptonians flying around chucking cars at each other. Pictured: Promotional art for Zack Snyder's Superman. While that could be fun I guess, honestly I’d at least prefer to see a different villain take center stage. How about fuckin’ Brainiac? He’s pretty much at the top tier of Superman’s list of baddies and his back story has been ret-conned to have ties to Kal-El’s origins, what more could you want!? Holy shit, he looks like fuckin' Kojak... Better yet, since Christopher Nolan’s been kind enough to put Bane in his upcoming The Dark Knight Rises, why not throw everyone a bone and put Doomsday in the new Superman movie? Sure, he’s not interesting enough to carry a whole movie, but goddamnit; Superman’s at his best when he’s punching things, and Doomsday’s one of the only baddies he’s got that he can really slug it out with. While I’m the topic of punching things, why not give us some Metallo action!? Who the fuck wouldn't want THIS in their movie!? Oh yeah, ’cause Metallo’s boring and nobody likes him… But c’mon man, he looked like James Coburn in the cartoon, surely that has to count for something: "You know what time it is? Time me for to kick your ass..." I apologize, I’m rambling. My point is: Superman Returns made the mistake of playing it way too safe, and in the process brought nothing new to the table; least of all villains or characters. While Zack Snyder’s excessive style can be obnoxious at times, he has an opportunity to really try something different with his take on Superman; and I’d hate to see that hindered by a story that recycles villains used in films made almost 40 years ago. That being said, here’s hoping that for fuckin’ once we get to see a Superman movie with some different villains; hopefully not including Nuclear Man. Wow, you mean there actually exists a photo of Nuclear Man where he isn't screaming or shooting lightning bolts!? Filed under: Comics, Movies, Uncategorized, 2, 300, anime, Bane, books, Brainiac, Captain Planet, Christopher Reeve, Comics, DC, Death of Superman, Doomsday, Dragonball Z, film, General Zod, heart, Henry Cavill, James Coburn, Japan, Jimmy Olsen, Last Son, Lois Lane, Man of Steel, manga, Mati, Metallo, Metropolis, Michael Shannon, Movies, Nuclear Man, Revolutionary Road, Richard Donner, Son Goku, Superman, Superman II, Superman Returns, Terrence Stamp, Twitchfilm, Zack Snyder	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line898
__label__wiki	0.720705	0.720705	Home Products · Equipment Roberts Bakery launches new app to improve footballing skills Ashley Williams · 24 August, 2016 Cheshire-based business Roberts Bakery has joined forces with Derby County football club to launch a new app aimed at getting youngsters to improve their footballing ability. The ‘Fuel Your Skills’ app is a joint venture between Derby County Football Club and Roberts Bakery, which has a 12-month sponsorship deal with the Championship club in support of the bakery’s operation. The app gives children in local communities a way to develop their football skills and understand the importance of food nutrition. They can also win prizes such as VIP match day access to Derby County’s home games. In the app, Derby County player Tom Ince shows off his football skills and challenges viewers to complete them. Those who take on the challenges and share them on the app as a skill video have a chance of winning. Robert Higginson, chairman of Frank Roberts and Sons, commented: “The aim of the app for Roberts Bakery is to associate nutritious, energy-giving qualities of bread with healthy active lifestyles for young fans and their families as part of the wider partnership with the football club. Roberts Bakery bakes 1.4 million products a week, employs 130 staff and distributes to supermarkets and independent retailers across the Derbyshire area. In June, Roberts Bakery sponsored the food halls at the Royal Cheshire County Show, and used the opportunity to present an educational programme. Want more stories like this in your inbox?	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line903
__label__wiki	0.744981	0.744981	Home Celebrity Priyanka Chopra gets candid about age gap between her and Nick Jonas Priyanka Chopra gets candid about age gap between her and Nick Jonas Laura Ebeling Instagram \| @nickjonas The Quantico actress says that the couple still gets “a lot of sht” about it. 36-year-old actress Priyanka Chopra candidly addressed the issue in an interview with InStyle. She is 10 years older than her husband, singer Nick Jonas who is 26 years of age. Chopra is well aware that their age gap has been an issue for some people. The actress told InStyle: “People gave us a lot of sht about that and still do.” She contests the idea of it saying “I find it really amazing when you flip it and the guy is older, no one cares and actually people like it.” The actress is never one to hold back from her fiery opinions. She also discussed in the interview the goals she wanted to achieve. As expected, the proud feminist wants to “change the world a little bit”. I’m so proud.. Last night was a another testament of how incredible your bond is as a family.. @jonasbrothers I love you all and am so proud! #chasinghappiness on @amazonprimevideo @nickjonas @joejonas @kevinjonas ❤️ team @philymack and @johnlloydtaylor you crushed it! A post shared by Priyanka Chopra Jonas (@priyankachopra) on Jun 4, 2019 at 11:28am PDT “My big endgame is creating a formidable career and legacy for myself, but at the same time I want to have moved something.” Within her marriage, she revealed the desire to start a family with Jonas in time. “I want my existence to have meant something. I want my kids to turn around and be like, ‘Yeah, that was my mom.'” In line with changing the world, the actress revealed to Sunday Times that politics isn’t off the table for her and Nick. She said in the interview, “I would love to run for prime minister of India,” “I would love Nick to run for president. I don’t like the things associated with politics…but I know that both of us really want to make a change. Never say never.” Laura is a reporter and a gossip columnist for Best in Australia. She focuses on celebrities, science and social affairs in Australia and worldwide. Previous articleHilary Duff: Engagement with Matthew Koma “felt right” Next articleMargot Robbie had doubts about working with Quentin Tarantino, find out why Make a living by raising chickens: An Interview with Blue Star Ranch Steven Soderbergh boards HBO Max with overall deal Joe Jonas: Diplo ruined secret Vegas wedding to Sophie Turner Jennifer Connelly talks Top Gun sequel at Comic-Con 2019	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line907
__label__cc	0.684161	0.315839	Top Searches for Sugar Grove Best Events Near You in Sugar Grove, Illinois American Heritage Living History Show Saturday, Jan 18, 2020 from 9:00am to 5:00pm Kane County Fairgrounds St Charles, IL Paramount Theatre - IL Sugar Grove Top Searches Mid-Winter Hamfest Sunday, Jan 19, 2020 from 8:00am to 1:00pm Terry Fator Red Oak Nature Center The Secret of My Success Wednesday, Feb 12, 2020 at 7:00pm Thursday, Feb 13, 2020 at 7:00pm Friday, Feb 14, 2020 at 8:00pm Family Fun Fair Saturday, Feb 15, 2020 from 11:00am to 2:00pm Vaughan Athletic Center Saturday, Feb 15, 2020 at 3:00pm Featured Homes For Sale in Sugar Grove! 14510 IL Route 176 In 1957 the Wilkens Family moved to Woodstock and started growing corn and soybeans. They did this successfully for 34 years. In 1989, James and Su... Batavia Skatepark 411 South River Street Bellerive Park Skate Park West 63rd Street Weather Permitting Must be 40 Degrees Fahrenheit or warmer! The Skate Park is nonsupervised with no daily fee. Bellerive Park is home to a state... Bensenville Skatepark Jefferson and County Line Road Blue Whiskey Independent Film Festival 117 East Palatine Road, Suite 210 About Us: The Blue Whiskey Independent Film Festival (BWiFF) is a not-for-profit organization based in the greater Chicagoland area. The festiva... Bluegrass on the Green 4 mi S of I-80 on Rt.45 (LaGrange Rd) Our mission is to bring top quality award-winning national and regional bluegrass acts to Frankfort to showcase this truly American music with a fr... Brookfield Zoo 8400 West 31st Street Mission Statement: To inspire conservation leadership by connecting people with wildlife and nature. Vision Statement: To be the preeminent zoolo... Buffalo Grove Skatepark 1000 North Buffalo Grove Road 1000 N. Buffalo Grove Road (southwest corner of Buffalo Grove Road and Deerfield Parkway) Hours: Open Daily: 8 am - Dusk We encourage the public...	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line909
__label__cc	0.6347	0.3653	Anesthesia QOD Autonomic hyperreflexia: A. is common with cord lesions below T8 B. can precipitate pulmonary edema C. is not effectively prevented by regional anesthesia D. can be prevented with adequate intraoperative sedation can precipitate pulmonary edema Autonomic hyperreflexia should be suspected in patients with lesions above T5-8. Regional anesthesia and deep general anesthesia are effective in preventing autonomic hyperreflexia. Surgical stimulation in these patients without adequate anesthesia can result in pulmonary edema, myocardial ischemia and cerebral hemorrhage. Nagelhout, JJ, and Plaus, KL. Nurse Anesthesia. St. Louis: Elsevier, 2014. During mediastinoscopy the risk of air embolization is greatest: A. when the patient is supine B. during spontaneous ventilation C. immediately after closure of the incision D. in the postoperative period during spontaneous ventilation Air embolization is seen with mediastinoscopy as a result of the 30o elevation of the head. This risk is increased if the patient is spontaneously ventilating, secondary to the negative intrathoracic pressures generated during inhalation. Longnecker, DE, Brown, DL, Newman MF and Zapol, WM. Anesthesiology. New York: McGraw Hill, 2012. WE WILL WRITE A CUSTOM ESSAY SAMPLE ON ANY TOPIC SPECIFICALLY Write my sample An action potential characterized by a spike followed by a plateau phase is seen in: A. peripheral sensory nerve cells B. peripheral motor nerve cells C. striated skeletal muscle cells D. cardiac muscle cells cardiac muscle cells In contrast to the action potentials of nerve and skeletal muscle cells, the action potential of the cardiac myocyte is characterized by a sharp spike followed by a plateau phase (2), which results from the opening of slower calcium channels. Butterworth, JF, Mackey, DC, and Wasnick, JD. Morgan & Mikhail’s Clinical Anesthesiology. New York: Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill Medical Publishing Division, 2013. The formation of metanephrine is the result of: catechol-O-methyltransferase metabolism of epinephrine Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) metabolizes epinephrine to metanephrine and norepinephrine to normetanephrine. Subsequently, monamine oxidase (MAO) further metabolizes metanephrine and normetanephrine to vanillymandelic acid (VMA). During the delivery of an anesthetic in the radiology department, full E-cylinders of nitrous oxide and oxygen are being used. If a 3:2 mixture of nitrous oxide:oxygen is being delivered and the case has been proceeding for 60 minutes, the expected pressure in the nitrous oxide E-cylinder is: 745 – 750 PSIg Nitrous oxide has a critical temperature of 37oC. This allow nitrous oxide to exist as a liquid at room temperature. Full E-cylinders of nitrous oxide contain approximately 1590 L at a pressure of 745 psig. A sixty minute delivery of 3 L/min would result in a 180 L consumption, and this would be inadequate to consume all the liquid nitrous oxide in the tank. As a result, there would be no change in tank pressure. A decrease in pseudocholinesterase activity has been associated with the use of: (Select 3) pancuronium droperidol vecuronium rocuronium A decrease in pseudocholinesterase activity has been associated with the use of: pancuronium, esmolol, metoclopramide The following drugs have been associated with a decrease in pseudocholinesterase activity: echothiophate, pyridostigmine, neostigmine, phenelzine, cyclophosphamide, metoclopramide, esmolol, pancuronium and oral contraceptives. Although both dantrolene and magnesium may alter the effects of neuromuscular blockers, neither causes inhibition of pseudocholinesterase. An anxiolytic herbal medication associated with a decrease in the requirement of inhaled anesthetic agent (MAC) is: A. echinacea B. valerian C. ginkgo D. ephedra Both valerian and kava have been shown to have a GABA-mediated hypnotic effect and by this mechanism decrease MAC. Acute withdrawal after chronic use may result in an increase in MAC. pg. 346t Barash, PG, Cullen, BF, Stoelting, RK, Cahalan, MK, Stock, MC, and Ortega, R. Clinical Anesthesia. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2013. Pulmonary complications from advanced hepatic disease with cirrhosis include: A. an obstructive ventilatory defect B. respiratory acidosis C. increased intrapulmonary shunting D. increased functional residual capacity increased intrapulmonary shunting Pulmonary manifestations associated with cirrhosis include: increased intrapulmonary shunting, decreased FRC, pleural effusions, restrictive ventilatory defect and respiratory alkalosis. Barash, PG, Cullen, BF, Stoelting, RK, Cahalan, MK, Stock, MC, and Ortega, R. Clinical Anesthesia. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2013 A. pancuronium B. esmolol C. droperidol D. vecuronium E. metoclopramide F. magnesium sulfate G. dantrolene H. rocuronium response is incorrect. Nitrous oxide has a critical temperature of 37C. This allow nitrous oxide to exist as a liquid at room temperature. Full E-cylinders of nitrous oxide contain approximately 1590 L at a pressure of 745 psig. A sixty minute delivery of 3 L/min would result in a 180 L consumption, and this would be inadequate to consume all the liquid nitrous oxide in the tank. As a result, there would be no change in tank pressure. In the CVP trace below, the v wave is caused by: A. atrial contraction B. ventricular contraction C. atrial filling D. opening of the tricuspid valve In the normal CVP tracing, the a wave is due to atrial systole. The c wave coincides with ventricular contraction. The v wave is the result of atrial filling prior to the opening of the tricuspid valve. The x descent is thought to be due to the pulling down of the atrium by ventricular contraction. The y descent corresponds to the opening of the tricuspid valve. The primary causative factor in the development of persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPH) in the neonate is: A. cystic fibrosis B. pregnancy-induced hypertension C. hypoxemia D. right-to-left shunting through a patent ductus arteriosus Hypoxia or acidosis during the early neonatal period may predispose the infant to return to fetal circulation. This serious condition, previously known as persistent fetal circulation (PFC), is currently known as persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPH). Hypoxemia and/or acidosis promotes an increase in pulmonary vascular resistance which ultimately causes right to left shunting through the ductus arteriosus, foramen ovale, or both. Shunting causes continued hypoxemia, leading to a continued increase in pulmonary vascular resistance, and a vicious cycle ensues. Primary causes of hypoxemia in the neonate include pneumonia and meconium aspiration. Deleterious effects of hypothermia include: (Select 2) A. impaired renal function B. right shift of the hemoglobin-oxygen saturation curve C. irreversible platelet dysfunction D. increased incidence of wound infection E. increased postoperative protein anabolism A. impaired renal function, increased PVR left shift of the hemoglobin-oxygen saturation curve reversible platelet dysfunction postoperative protein catabolism altered mental status impaired renal function decreased drug metabolism poor wound healing increased incidence of infection cardiac arrhythmias You are managing anemia in a 3-day-old neonate. Which of the following most accurately reflects the hemoglobin equivalent for tissue delivery in the neonate, infant, and adult? A. Neonate: 10 g/dl; Infant 14 g/dl; Adult 8 g/dl B. Neonate: 14 g/dl; Infant 10 g/dl; Adult 8 g/dl C. Neonate: 8 g/dl; Infant 10 g/dl; Adult 14 g/dl D. Neonate: 14 g/dl; Infant 8 g/dl; Adult 10 g/dl Dr. Motoyama described a hemoglobin requirement for equivalent tissue oxygen delivery for neonates, infants and adults based on the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin. The hemoglobin required to transport an equivalent amount of oxygen is: D. 14-15 g/dl for the neonate, 8 g/dl for the infant, and 10 g/dl for the adult Prior to pneumonectomy, split lung function testing is indicated in the patient with: A. an FEV1 of 2.2 L B. a PaCO2 of 49 mm Hg on room air C. a PaO2 of 54 mm Hg on room air D. a maximum VO2 of 21 mL/kg/min Split lung function testing is indicated in patients requiring pneumonectomy, but not meeting the recommended laboratory criteria. Current recommendations for patients requiring pneumonectomy are: PaCO2 < 45 mm Hg FEV1 > 2 L Predicted postop FEV1 > 800 mL Maximum VO2 > 15 mL/kg/min FEV1/FVC > 50% of predicted An infant had a patent ductus arteriosus closed and is recovering in the NICU. You note that the patient has new-onset stridor and hoarseness. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of this finding? A. Surgical dissection causing recurrent laryngeal nerve injury B. Hypocalcemia after transfusion of packed red blood cells C. Laryngospasm after deep extubation D. Incorrectly sized endotracheal tube The incidence of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury with standard PDA ligation is reported to be 4.2% by Fan et al. while other authors indicate 2.5% using VATS clipping. Symptoms attributable to vocal cord paralysis regress in most cases and usually less than 1% of patients have lasting dysfunction. Clip entrapment of the nerve has been cited to be the mechanism of injury, but it may be that trauma induced by traction (or thermal injury by electrocautery) may better explain the observed clinical outcome. Zbar et al. reports a series of PDAs treated using open thoracotomy and indicates an incidence of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury of 22.7% in extremely low-weight babies, confirming the importance of the issue in premature infants. Decreased incidence of this complication appears to have been achieved with VATS and may be a consequence of improved vision from the video camera image. The lumbar plexus is derived from which of the following? A. Dorsal rami of L1-4 B. Ventral rami of L1-4 and variable contributions from T12 and L5 C. Dorsal rami of L1-4 and variable contributions from S1-2 and L5 D. Ventral rami of L1-4 and variable contributions The lumbar plexus is derived from the anterior (ventral) primary rami of lumbar nerves L1-L4 with variable contributions from the 12th thoracic and 5th lumbar nerves. Airway obstruction caused by the tongue falling posteriorly against the wall of the pharynx is secondary to relaxation of the: A. genioglossus muscle B. longitudinal muscle of the tongue C. palatoglossus muscle D. styloglossus muscle genioglossus The genioglossus muscle allows the tongue to be protruded and kept away from the posterior pharynx. It is innervated by the hypoglossal nerve. The palatoglossus muscle elevates the tongue and depresses the soft palate. The styloglossus muscle elevates and retracts the tongue. The superior longitudinal muscle of the tongue is an intrinsic muscle of the tongue that elevates the tip. 44-year-old man presents to the emergency room with a table saw injury to the left hand. The surgeon plans to explore the wound and possibly repair tendon and vascular injuries. The estimated operative duration is between 1-5 hours and an axilla block with bupivacaine is planned as the primary anesthetic technique. The patient has a seizure with the inejction of bupivacaine. Which of the following should be your FIRST therapeutic action? A. Administer a short-acting muscle relaxant to stop muscle contractions B. Administer intra-lipid C. Administer lidocaine to prevent cardiac arrhythmias D. Administer oxygen and ensure a patent airway The treatment of local anesthetic toxicity is similar to the management of other medical emergencies and focuses on airway, breathing and circulation. Ensuring adequate oxygenation and ventilation is paramount to avoid progressive acidosis Compared to “plain” local anesthetic without epinephrine, a pre-mixed local anesthetic with epinephrine solution is MOST associated with which of the following? A. Little effect on peak plasma levels B. Decreased sensory block C. Increased onset time D. Decreased cardiac output Commercially prepared solutions with epinephrine have a lower pH than those in which it is freshly added. A lower pH results in a higher percentage of ionized drug molecules. It is the non-ionized form that easily crosses the lipid membrane; therefore the onset will be delayed. During fetal monitoring, Type III decelerations are thought to be related to: A. head compression B. umbilical cord compression C. uteroplacental insufficiency D. placental abruption B (umbilical cord compression Type III, or variable, decelerations are the most common type of decelerations. They are thought to be related to umbilical cord compression and intermittent decreases in umbilical blood flow. pg. 1167 Barash, PG, Cullen, BF, Stoelting, RK, Cahalan, MK, Stock, MC, and Ortega, R. Clinic) Which of the following statements regarding the addition of clonidine to an epidural infusion is MOST correct? A. Clonidine is an alpha-2-receptor antagonist B. Clonidine effect in peripheral nerve blocks is primarily centrally mediated C. Clonidine prolongs the sensory block when added to intermediate local anesthetics D. Commonly reported side effects include tachycardia and hypertension Clonidine is an alpha-2-agonist. It has been found to prolong the sensory block primarily when combined with intermediate local anesthetics although it may also have some effect when combined with longer-acting local anesthetics. The exact mechanism is unclear but appears to be peripherally mediated and dose-dependent. Side effects include bradycardia, hypotension, and sedation. Pathophysiologic factors affecting the anesthetic management of patients with hypothyroidism include: A. hypernatremia B. hyperglycemia C. difficulty with intubation and airway management D. increased blood viscosity due to elevated hematocrit C (Anesthetic complications associated with hypothyroidism include: difficulty with intubation and airway management Potential problems of hypothyroidism include hypoglycemia, anemia, hyponatremia and difficulty during intubation because of a large tongue or the presence of a goiter. Hypothermia secondary to a low metabolic rate is a common postoperative complication. Nagelhout, JJ, and Plaus, KL. Nurse Anesthesia. St. Louis: Elsevier, 2014.) After an accidental needle stick with a contaminated needle, which of the following viruses carries the HIGHEST risk of transmission? A. HIV B. Hepatitis A C. Hepatitis B D. Hepatitis C Hepatitis B carries the greatest risk of transmission, with 37 to 62% of exposed workers eventually showing seroconversion and 22 to 31% showing clinical hepatitis B infection. The hepatitis C transmission rate has been reported at 1.8%, but newer, larger surveys have shown only a 0.5% transmission rate. The overall risk of HIV infection after percutaneous exposure to HIV-infected material in the health care setting is 0.3%. Hepatitis B prophylaxis Current CDC guidelines call for the administration of hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and/or hepatitis B vaccine. While the efficacy of the combination has not been evaluated in the needlestick injury setting, it has been shown to be the most efficacious approach in the perinatal setting. The approach has no contraindications during pregnancy and lactation. Hepatitis C prophylaxis CDC guidelines acknowledge that there is no active post-exposure prophylaxis for HCV. There is some evidence that treatment with interferon alfa-2b may be beneficial preventing chronic hepatitis. HIV prophylaxis CDC guidelines generally recommend a post-exposure prophylaxis protocol with 3 or more antiviral drugs, when it is known that the donor was HIV positive; however, when the viral load was low and none of the above noted risk factors are met, the CDC protocol utilizes 2 antiviral drugs. Which of the following is MOST often associated with carbon monoxide poisoning? A. Salicylate poisoning B. Cyanide toxicity C. Ethanol toxicity D. Acetaminophen toxicity Carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin and prevents the delivery of O2 to tissues. Conventional two-wavelength pulse oximeter cannot discriminate between Hgb-CO and HgbO2. The half-life of carboxyhemoglobin (Hb-CO) in a patient breathing room air is approximately 300 minutes; this decreases to 90 minutes with high-flow oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask. Thus, the most important interventions in the management of a CO-poisoned patient are prompt removal from the source of CO and institution of high-flow oxygen by facemask. For patients suffering from CO poisoning after smoke inhalation, it is important to consider concomitant cyanide toxicity, which can further impair tissue oxygen utilization and exacerbate cellular hypoxia. Cyanide toxicity should be considered in anyone who rapidly loses consciousness after ingestion or inhalation (it is common in indoor fire victims due to combustion of plastics). The symptoms are those of hypoxia (headache, lethargy, seizures, coma but without cyanosis). Cyanide inhibits cytochrome oxidase in the electron transport chain which prevents the offloading of electrons from NADH to oxygen which prevents ATP production ? anaerobic metabolism ? lactic acidosis all in spite of normal PaO2. Manage with 100% O2 and give any or all of amyl nitrate, sodium nitrate, and/or sodium thiosulfate. The nitrates generate methemoglobin which has a greater affinity for cyanide than does cytochrome oxidase. Which of the following monitoring modality is MOST important in the setting of tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) poisoning? A. Pulse oximetry B. Electrocardiogram C. Blood pressure D. PaCO2 TCA overdose can lead to lethargy, delirium, coma, and seizures. Tachycardia and hypotension may also develop. Attempt gastric lavage if history suggests recent large ingestion (10-20 mg/kg) and use activated charcoal. The ECG tracing is crucial in the management of TCA overdose. Give sodium bicarbonate if QRS duration > 100 ms (1-2 meq/kg bolus) and convert from bolus to infusion when the QRS complex narrows (targeting a pH of 7.5 to 7.55). If the pH becomes too alkaline but QRS complex widens then given 3% hypertonic saline to antagonize sodium channel blockade associated with TCAs. Use norepinephrine if vasopressors are necessary. Seizures need to be rapidly controlled with GABA agonists (benzos, propofol) b/c associated metabolic acidosis will rapidly worsen toxicity; don’t give phenytoin which is a type IA anti-arrhythmic. A 59-year-old man presents with nausea, diaphoresis, and bradycardia. His blood pressure is 80/40 mmHg, HR 45 bpm. A transthoracic echocardiogram reveals global left ventricular hypokinesis with bulging of the interventricular septum into the left ventricle, mild mitral regurgitation, and moderate tricuspid regurgitation. Which coronary artery do you MOST expect to be occluded? A. First diagonal artery B. Left anterior descending artery C. Left circumflex artery D. Right coronary artery The symptoms of this patient as well as the echocardiogram findings indicate right ventricular ischemia. Patients typically often present with symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, diaphoresis and bradycardia, and may not have the typical chest pain or pressure symptoms. An inferior wall myocardial infarction (right coronary artery distribution in 85% of patients) may manifest as complete heart block due to damage to the AV node. The SA node is fed by the RCA in 55% of population and left circumflex artery in 45% of population. The most severe transfusion reactions are due to: ABO incompatibility The most severe transfusion reactions are due to ABO incompatibility. Naturally acquired antibodies can react against the transfused antigens, activate complement and result in intravascular hemolysis. A 55-year-old woman with a history of congenital long QT syndrome is undergoing a hysteroscopy for abnormal uterine bleeding. She had uneventful induction of general anesthesia but after paracervical block with lidocaine develops ventricular tachycardia with morphological appearance of torsades de pointe. Which of the following medications should be AVOIDED in the treatment of her arrhythmia? A. Amiodarone B. Calcium chloride C. Esmolol D. Magnesium sulfate Congenital long QT syndrome may occur in conjunction with other hereditary syndromes, such as Jervell, Lange-Nielsen or Romano-Ward syndrome, or acquired as a result of pharmacologic or metabolic etiologies. It is an issue of cellular repolarization which precipitates tachyarrhythmias, most commonly polymorphic ventricular tachycardia or torsades de pointe. There are multiple subtypes that affect both potassium and/or sodium channels. The arrhythmias may be precipitated by sympathetic activation, auditory stimuli or at rest. Family history may be positive for sudden cardiac death and the ECG significant for prolonged corrected QT interval > 430ms or bizarre odd-appearing T waves. Treatment includes magnesium for arrhythmias, possible permanent pacemaker, or beta blockers for subtypes 1 and 2, but amiodarone is considered contraindicated as it prolongs the QT interval. A 76-year-old man is scheduled for a hemicolectomy. His past medical history is significant for third degree heart block treated with a permanent pacemaker. Problems with electrocautery use in this patient can be minimized by: A. placing the grounding pad near the pacemaker B. using infrequent bursts of longer duration C. the use of a bipolar cautery D. reducing the surface area of the return electrode the use of a bipolar cautery Electrical interference from the electrocautery can be interpreted by the pacemaker as myocardial activity and suppress pacemaker activity. These problems can be minimized by limiting use to short bursts, placing the grounding pad as far from the pacemaker as possible and using a bipolar cautery. A 75-year-old man is undergoing a mitral valve replacement via cardiopulmonary bypass. The perfusionist is running bypass flows at > 2.5 liters/minute/m2. Which of the following is the MOST likely adverse consequence of undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass at increased flow rates? A. Increased trauma to blood elements B. Increased hypothermia C. Decreased blood flow to the brain D. Decreased myocardial blood flow Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) does the work of the heart and lungs in order to isolate those organs from blood flow such that surgery on the heart can occur in a relatively bloodless fashion. Thus, the CPB circuit must oxygenate and ventilate the blood and then deliver the oxygenated blood back to the body and end organs. It has long been debated whether maximal blood flow or pressure is more important in perfusion and homeostasis of the end organs during bypass. Maximizing blood flow (generally considered to be flow at a cardiac index of > 2 liters/minute/meter2) has been shown to increase hematologic trauma, increase the magnitude of the stress or inflammatory response, cause strain on suture lines, increase shunting of blood through the pulmonary system, increase washout of cardioplegia and not necessarily lead to improved regional blood flow. The CPB machine can change total flow, but it cannot adjust regional flows to the various end organ systems. Changes in blood pressure are currently thought to be most effective for allowing adjustments to regional flow in organ systems as the organs retain their regional vascular resistance capabilities. Thus conduct of CPB with an optimal pressure (and potentially lower flows) may allow the individual organs to regionally modulate their own flows. postretrobulbar block apnea syndrome is associated with: The postretrobulbar block apnea syndrome is probably due to injection of local anesthetic into the optic nerve sheath, with spread into the CSF. The CNS is exposed to high concentrations of local anesthetic leading to apprehension and unconsciousness. Apnea occurs within 20 minutes and resolves within an hour. Treatment is supportive. Physiologic effects of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) include an: A. initial sympathetic response with sustained tachycardia B. initial sympathetic discharge followed by a sustained parasympathetic response C. initial parasympathetic discharge followed by a sustained sympathetic response D. initial parasympathetic response with sustained bradycardia C (initial parasympathetic discharge followed by a sustained sympathetic response An initial parasympathetic discharge followed by a sustained sympathetic response is immediately seen after the induction of a seizure. Marked bradycardia with increased secretions can occur, which is then followed by hypertension and tachycardia. Patients scheduled for ECT are routinely given anticholinergic medication preoperatively. The arteria radicularis magna, or artery of Adamkiewicz, most commonly arises from: A. T4 – T8 b. T8 – L2 c. L2 – L4 d. L4 – S1 arteria radicularis magna, or artery of Adamkiewicz, most commonly arises from: T8 – L2 A major complication of thoracic aortic surgery is paraplegia, occurring in up to 20% of elective cases, and is secondary to spinal cord ischemia. The arteria radicularis magna supplies blood to the anterior spinal artery. The arteria radicularis magna has a variable origin from aorta, arising between T5 – T8 in 15%, between T9 – T12 in 60% and between L1 – L2 in 25% of individuals. Which of the following respiratory parameters remains UNCHANGED in pregnancy? a. Functional residual capacity (FRC) b. Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) c. Total lung capacity (TLC) d. Expiratory reserve volume (ERV) b (IRV Compression of the lungs by the gravid uterus causes multiple changes in lung volumes. The diaphragm is elevated from upward pressure from the uterus, resulting in decreased TLC, FRC, ERV, and residual volume. Tidal volumes increase to increase minute ventilation, and by extension inspiratory capacity increases as well. Parameters that stay roughly constant in pregnancy vital capacity and inspiratory reserve volume. There is a small (~5%) reduction in total lung capacity. Thus, the loss of FRC caused by the elevation of the diaphragm does not reduce the volumes that the patient is actively breathing.) Correct location of the catheter tip of a central venous line is in the: a. superior vena cava b. right atrium c. right ventricle d. pulmonary artery superior vena cava The CVP catheter tip should not be allowed to migrate into the heart chamber to avoid arrhythmias and perforatio Which of the following is MOST true regarding acetaminophen poisoning? a. 5% of acetaminophen is excreted in the urine b. Acetaminophen is responsible for at least 90% of acute hepatic failure in the US c. Acetaminophen is a central COX-1 inhibitor d. The majority of acetaminophen is oxidized to NAPQI (which is detoxified by glutathione) There were 100,000 reported exposures to acetaminophen in 2005, 333 of which were fatal and 3310 considered significant. Acetaminophen is a central COX-2 and prostaglandin synthase inhibitor and is responsible for 51% of all acute hepatic failure in the US. 90% of ingested acetaminophen is conjugated with glucuronide or sulfate, 5-15% is oxidized to NAPQI (by cytochrome P450) which is toxic and is detoxified by glutathione, and 5% eliminated unchanged in urine. If sulfate becomes saturated, NAPQI can no longer be detoxified by glutathione and it reaches toxic levels in the liver. Stage I acetaminophen toxicity: asymptomatic Stage II acetaminophen toxicity: hepatitis-like findings (AST/ALT, INR) Stage III acetaminophen toxicity: peak hepatotoxicity at 72-96 hours Stage IV acetaminophen toxicity: hepatic recovery (does not always occur) N-acetylcysteine (augments glutathione reserves) @ 140 mg/kg loading dose PO or 150 mg/kg IV (preferable) followed by repeated (smaller) doses every 4 hours. Because NAC is so effective, charcoal is not needed unless co-ingestion is suspected. During pregnancy, the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC): a. decreases until the 20th week b. increases until the 20th week c. decreases throughout the pregnancy d. increases throughout the pregnancy decreases throughout the pregnancy The MAC progressively decreases during pregnancy, at term by as much as 40%. MAC returns to normal by the third day after delivery. Which of the following is NOT a contraindication to activated charcoal in the setting of suspected aspirin poisoning? a.Bowel obstruction b. Bowel perforation c. Inability to protect airway d. Two hours since ingestion AC is absolutely contraindicated in patients with bowel obstruction or perforation and those with an unprotected airway. While benefit from GI decontamination is most likely when it can be performed within one hour of poison ingestion, because it is relatively harmless (if contraindications are not present), giving it within two hours of ingestion is reasonable (at this time mean drug absorption may still be reduced by ~ 30%). That said, since most adults do not present to emergency departments until a mean of three to four hours after a toxic ingestion, when much of the ingested material has already been absorbed, GI decontamination is unlikely to affect these patients. The potential for benefit from GI decontamination after one hour cannot, however, be excluded Activated charcoal (AC) is the preferred means of gastrointestinal (GI) decontamination following a toxic ingestion. AC is an insoluble, non-absorbable, inert, fine carbon powder produced by the pyrolysis of organic material and then treated with steam and acid. AC has an extensive network of carbon moieties (e.g., carbonyl, hydroxyl) that are capable of binding (adsorbing) and trapping chemicals within minutes of contact, thereby preventing intestinal absorption and subsequent toxicity. The recommended dose of activated charcoal is 1 g/kg of the patient’s total body weight. An AC-to-intoxicant weight ratio of at least 10:1 is desirable. The usual single adult dose is 25 to 100 g mixed with water and administered as a slurry by mouth or nasogastric tube. Doses larger than 100 g are not recommended in obtunded patients due to the increased risk of vomiting and aspiration. The commercial product should be vigorously shaken prior to administration to resuspend all AC. If available, superactivated charcoal may be preferable in massive ingestions because it allows smaller but equally effective doses to be administered. Pooled data from controlled human volunteer studies reveal that mean drug absorption is reduced by 52%, 38%, 34%, and 21% when AC is given at 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes, respectively. AC is absolutely contraindicated in patients with bowel obstruction or perforation and those with an unprotected airway. AC should not be given to patients with a depressed level of consciousness until the airway is secured by tracheal intubation. During surgical repair of a detached retina, 1 mL of sulfur hexafluoride is injected into the posterior chamber. If the patient is receiving 4% desflurane and a 2:1 ratio of N2O and O2, the pressure-volume relationship of the bubble will approximately: a. decrease by one third b. remain the same c. double d. triple A sulfur hexafluoride gas bubble is sometimes used to support the retina after detachment. Diffusion of nitrous oxide into the bubble will cause expansion as nitrous oxide equilibrates with the gas bubble. A sixty-seven percent nitrous oxide concentration will cause the bubble to triple in its pressure-volume relationship in about 30 minutes and may double the intraocular pressure (IOP). In addition, when nitrous oxide is discontinued, the bubble will return to normal size, causing a fall in IOP and possible extension of the retinal tear. For these reasons, it is recommended that nitrous oxide be discontinued at least 15 minutes prior to the injection of a posterior chamber bubble. At approximately what level or above will a patient with spinal cord injury be at GREATEST risk for autonomic hyperreflexia? a. C8 b. T4 c. T7 d. T10 A spinal cord injury at or above T7 (T5-T8, depending on reference) predisposes a patient to autonomic hyperreflexia. Autonomic hyperreflexia is typically first seen within four to six months of spinal cord injury and can continue to occur for years. With a stimulus below the level of the spinal cord injury lesion, intact lower motor neurons send an impulse up the spinal cord. However, this impulse is interrupted at the site of the spinal cord injury and unable to reach the cerebral cortex. This leads to an impaired feedback loop. However, the ascending signal reaches the thoracic sympathetic splanchnic nerves resulting in hypertension. This hypertension is recognized by the carotid sinus and aortic arch baroreceptors leading to a parasympathetic reflexive bradycardic response via the vagus nerve. No autonomic nervous system changes occur below the level of spinal cord injury since these signal pathways are also interrupted. Which muscle is the only abductor of the vocal cords? a. Cricothyroid muscle b. Thyroarytenoid muscle c. Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle d. Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle This is a challenging question that few people answer correctly! Most anesthesiologists do not understand the muscles anatomy of the larynx. The only abductor (“opener”) of the vocal cords is the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle. All muscles of the larynx apart from the cricothyroid muscle are innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve; therefore, the only abductor muscle of the vocal cords is innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve. If both recurrent laryngeal nerves were severed during an operation such as a thyroidectomy, you would expect severe airway obstruction. Correct statements regarding cerebral metabolism include: a. the brain can only utilize glucose as an energy source b. forty percent of brain glucose consumption is anaerobically metabolized c. hyperglycemia can reduce the damage from focal hypoxic injury d. the adult brain consumes approximately 50 ml/min of oxygen (The adult brain consumes about 20% of the total body oxygen (50 ml/min). Neuronal cells normally utilize glucose as their energy source, but can also utilize ketone bodies and lactate. Hyperglycemia has been shown to worsen global and focal hypoxic brain injury.) Which nerve provides sensory innervation to the base of the tongue, epiglottis, aryepiglottic folds, and arytenoids? a. Internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve b. Recurrent laryngeal nerve c. External branch of superior laryngeal nerve d. Glossopharyngeal nerve a. internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve provides sensory innervation to the larynx above the level of the vocal cords. The superior laryngeal nerve is a branch of the vagus nerve. The glossopharyngeal nerve provides sensory innervation to the pharynx. The recurrent laryngeal nerve provides sensory innervation to the larynx below the level of the vocal cords. The recurrent laryngeal nerve is a branch of the vagus nerve. In patients with a history of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, intraoperative management should include: a. a nitroglycerine infusion b. inotropic support c. afterload reduction d. maintenance of adequate preload d. (maintenance of adequate preload In patients with outflow obstruction, myocardial depression and maintenance of preload and afterload are desirable. Barash, PG, Cullen, BF, Stoelting, RK, Cahalan, MK, Stock, MC, and Ortega, R. Clinical Anesthesia. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2013.) You have designed a study that compares average postoperative opioid consumption after three different anesthetic techniques. After informed consent, 120 patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty will be randomly assigned to one of the three groups. Which of the following statistical tests can be BEST used to compare the means of three groups? a. Chi-square b. One-way ANOVA c. Paired t-test d. Unpaired t-test One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) simultaneously compares the differences among population means of more than two independent groups for a one-factor experiment. Chi-square test for categorical variables determines whether there is a difference in the population proportions between two or more groups. The unpaired t-test compares the population means between two independent (and normally distributed) groups. The paired t-test examines repeated measurements obtained from the same set of individuals. The objective of the analysis is to show that any differences between two measurements of the same individuals are due to different treatment conditions. This approach is based on the theory that the same individuals will behave alike if they are treated alike and is frequently used in crossover studies. Which of the following symptoms would be MOST expected in a 64-year-old man with an acute right anterior cerebral artery (ACA) stroke? a. Left leg weakness **** b. Left hand weakness c. Left CN VII palsy d. Hoarseness a. Left leg weakness The left and right anterior cerebral arteries (ACA) supply blood to most medial portions of the frontal lobes and superior medial parietal lobes. This portion of the brain supplies innervation primarily to the lower extremities, most of the corpus callosum, the anterior portions of the basal ganglia and internal capsule, and the olfactory bulb and tract. Thus, patients with an acute ACA stroke classically present with hemiparesis or hemiplegia of the contralateral lower limbs and pelvic floor musculature. Patients may also develop an apraxia (secondary to involvement of the corpus callosum), anosmia (secondary to involvement of the olfactory bulb and tract), and urinary incontinence Venous irritation associated with the injection of diazepam and lorazepam is secondary to: a. the high degree of water solubility of these agents b. the presence of propylene glycol as a solvent c. the presence of metabisulfite as a preservative d. the low pH of these agents The insolubility of diazepam and lorazepam in water requires that parenteral preparations contain propylene glycol, which has been associated with venous irritation. Which of the following positions is associated with the LOWEST risk of ventilator associated pneumonia? a. Prone b. Supine head up c. Supine head down d. Supine flat In a retrospective review of 109 mechanically ventilated patients, Kollef found an increased risk of pneumonia in supine patients (adjusted odds ratio 2.9). A randomized trial of 50 patients suggested that gastroesophageal reflux (detected with scintigraphy) was more likely in supine patients as compared to semi-recumbent. Another randomized controlled trial of semi-recumbent versus supine positioning in mechanically ventilated patients was stopped early because of an increased risk of both clinically suspected (34% vs. 8%, p = 0.003) and microbiologically confirmed (23% vs. 5%, p = 0.016) pneumonia in supine patients Topically applied ophthalmic medications are absorbed: a. as quickly as intravenous administration b. more quickly than subcutaneous administration c. only minutely, with insignificant clinical effect d. directly into the central nervous system through the optic nerve foramen B (more quickly than subcutaneous administration Topically applied ophthalmic medications are absorbed at a rate intermediate between intravenous and subcutaneous injection. Children and the elderly are at particular risk for the toxic effects of topically applied medications. Butterworth, JF, Mackey, DC, and Wasnick, JD. Morgan & Mikhail’s Clinical Anesthesiology. New York: Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill Medical Publishing Division, 2013.) A 70-year-old man is undergoing a left hip hemiarthroplasty for a hip fracture. As the prosthesis is cemented in place, his blood pressure decreases to 70/50 mmHg, his end tidal CO2 decreases from 35 mmHg to 16 mmHg, and his SpO2 decreases from 99% to 88%. Which of the following is the MOST likely explanation for these hemodynamic changes? a. Anaphylaxis b. Fat emboli c. Mucous plug d. Myocardial ischemia Patients undergoing hip surgery with bone reaming and cementation of prosthesis are at risk for bone cement implantation syndrome. There is no formal definition but its clinical features include hypoxia and hypotension in mild forms and in more severe presentations it may include progression to cardiac arrhythmias, increased pulmonary vascular resistance and cardiac arrest. The process of reaming and cementation allows excessively high intramedullary pressures to develop, and this may produce embolization of cement particles, bone marrow and bone particles, air, clot and/or fat. The clinical presentation appears just like a pulmonary embolus, with hypotension, hypoxia, reduction in end tidal CO2 early in the course of the embolus. A 65-year-old woman with severe mitral regurgitation presents for mitral valve repair. She develops hypotension after the induction of general anesthesia. Vital signs include BP 78/40 mmHg, HR 84 bpm, and SpO2 98%. Which of the following drugs will MOST effectively treat her hypotension without worsening her mitral regurgitation? a. Ephedrine b. Atropine c. Vasopressin d. Phenylephrine Hemodynamic goals for patients with mitral regurgitation include maintenance of sinus rhythm and a relative tachycardia in order to minimize regurgitation. Interventions that increase left ventricular afterload should be avoided in order to promote forward systemic cardiac output and reduce mitral regurgitation. Preload should be judiciously maintained but arbitrary fluid boluses should be avoided as excessive volume administration can worsen ventricular distention and mitral regurgitation. Left ventricular contractility should be maintained. Mitral regurgitation may occur as a result of chronic coronary artery disease and ischemia of the left ventricle, in addition to papillary muscle dysfunction due to ischemia. There are two papillary muscles in the left ventricle that connect the left ventricular walls to the mitral valve apparatus via the chordae tendinae. The posterior papillary muscle derives its blood supply from the posterior descending artery and the anterior papillary muscle receives blood supply from both the left anterior descending artery and the circumflex coronary artery. Thus, the posterior papillary muscle is most vulnerable to ischemia. With ischemia of the inferior left ventricular wall due to occlusion of the posterior descending artery, the posterior papillary muscle becomes dysfunctional. If the ischemia continues, the posterior papillary muscle may rupture, ultimately leading to acute mitral regurgitation. ? Ulnar nerve injury: a. results in wrist drop and loss of sensation in the web space between the thumb and index finger b. occurs more frequently in males c. manifests itself in the immediate postoperative period d. is most commonly seen in the patient with a BMI of less than 18 Three attributes which are highly associated with development of postoperative ulnar nerve injury are: 1) male sex – various reports suggest that 70 – 90% of patients with postoperative ulnar neuropathy are men 2) high body mass index – BMI > or = 38 3) prolonged postoperative bed rest. Many patients with postoperative ulnar neuropathy have a high frequency of contralateral ulnar nerve dysfunction, suggestive of a pre-existing abnormality. Patients may not develop symptoms of ulnar neuropathy until more than 48 hours postoperatively. Wrist drop and loss of sensation of the web space between the thumb and index finger are associated with radial nerve injury. What features BEST distinguish heparin induced thrombocytopenia and thrombocytopenia induced by other drugs? a. Drug induced thrombocytopenia results in mild thrombocytopenia b. Heparin induced thrombocytopenia results in severe thrombocytopenia with mucocutaneous bleeding c. Drug induced thrombocytopenia results in significant arterial thrombosis d. Heparin induced thrombocytopenia results in moderate thrombocytopenia with venous thrombosis Drug induced thrombocytopenia (from drugs like quinine or vancomycin) results in severe levels of thrombocytopenia, on the order of 10 X 10^9. Mucocutaneous bleeding is a commonly observed feature. In contrast, heparin induced thrombocytopenia results in mild-moderate thrombocytopenia with platelet counts around 50-60 X 10^9 and coexistent thrombosis The timing of heparin induced thrombocytopenia is BEST described by which of the following? a. Immediate upon heparin administration b. Within 24 hours of heparin administration c. From 5 to 14 days after heparin administration d. Greater than 2 weeks after heparin administration Approximately 70% of the cases of heparin induced thrombocytopenia occur between 5 days to 2 weeks after heparin administration. Rapid onset (within 24 hours of heparin administration) and delayed onset are both comparatively rare. The National Institute for Occupational Safety (NIOSH) recommends limiting the operating room concentration of nitrous oxide to: a. 0.5 ppm b. 5 ppm c. 25 ppm d. 50 ppm c (25 ppm NIOSH recommends limiting the room concentration of nitrous oxide to 25 ppm and halogenated agents to 2 ppm (0.5 ppm if nitrous oxide is also being used). Terbutaline is often administered to treat preterm labor or to stop tetanic uterine contractions that interfere with fetal oxygenation. Which of the following is MOST likely a maternal side effect of terbutaline administered under these circumstances? A. ?Bradycardia ?B. ?Hypokalemia ?C. ?Hypoglycemia ?D. ?Hypertension Terbutaline is a beta-adrenergic receptor agonist. Its maternal side effects can be categorized as follows: (1) Cardiopulmonary (pulmonary edema, myocardial ischemia, hypotension, tachycardia); (2) Metabolic (hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, hypokalemia, antidiuresis, altered thyroid function) and; (3) others (tremors, palpitations, nervousness, N/V, fever, hallucinations). The fetal side effects include tachycardia, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, myocardial and septal hypertrophy, and myocardial ischemia. Potential neonatal side effects include: tachycardia, hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, hyperbilirubinemia, hypotension, intraventricular hemorrhage. Contraindications to terbutaline administration in the parturient include: maternal cardiac dysrhythmias, poorly controlled DM, and poorly controlled thyroid disease. ?Concerning preoperative informed consent: a. it should disclose only life-threatening complications b. charges of assault and battery are possible if it is not obtained c. oral consent is insufficient d. it is not necessary if the procedure is done in an office setting charges of assault and battery are possible if it is not obtained Any procedure performed without the patient’s consent can constitute assault and battery. Oral consent may be sufficient, but written consent is advisable for medicolegal purposes. It is generally accepted that not all risks need to be detailed, but risks that are realistic and have resulted in complications in similar patients should be disclosed. Nagelhout, JJ, and Plaus, KL. Nurse Anesthesia. St. Louis: Elsevier, 2014.? ?Magnesium sulfate therapy is the gold standard for seizure prophylaxis in the setting of preeclampsia. Which of the following is the MOST likely side effect of magnesium? a. Decreased motor endplate sensitivity to acetylcholine b. Development of coagulopathy c. Increased systemic vascular resistance d. Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase Magnesium is a divalent cation that competes with calcium and inhibits many calcium-dependent processes. With regard to muscle relaxation, it is known to: (1) antagonize calcium either at the motor end plate or cell membrane, reducing calcium influx into the myocyte; (2) Compete with calcium for low-affinity calcium binding sites on the outside of the SR membrane and prevent the rise in free intracellular calcium concentration; and (3) Attenuate the: release of acetylcholine at neuromuscular junction, sensitivity of the motor endplate to acetylcholine, and excitability of the muscle membrane. Implications for and potential interactions with anesthesia care are many. Magnesium may increase the likelihood of hypotension with epidural use (studies with gravid ewes demonstrated reduced maternal MAP, but not uterine blood flow or fetal oxygenation during epidural). Magnesium can potentiate the effects of both depolarizing and non-depolarizing muscle relaxants (probably not as much with depolarizing), increasing potency and duration (clinically it is still advised to use the same intubating dose as potentiation can be variable; and smaller maintenance doses). Magnesium can trigger hypotension, especially with concurrent use calcium entry-blocking agents (nifedipine). Sedation is very commonplace with therapeutic levels of serum magnesium; a 20% decrease in MAC can be seen with serum magnesium levels 7-11 mg/dL Magnesium can hypothetically affect any calcium-dependent process, but inhibition of coagulation due specifically to isolated magnesium use is not thought to be clinically significant. Correct statements concerning the use of benzodiazepines in the elderly include: a. volume of distribution is increased b. reduced pharmacodynamic sensitivity is observed c. the elimination half-life of diazepam, but not midazolam, is increased a (volume of distribution is increased Aging increases the volume of distribution for all benzodiazepines, effectively prolonging their elimination half-lives. Enhanced pharmacodynamic sensitivity is also observed. The elimination half-lives of both diazepam and midazolam are increased. 30-year-old woman undergoes a right frontal craniotomy for resection of a low grade glioma. She is given dexamethasone and levetiracetam. Mannitol (1 g/kg) and hyperventilation are used to provide brain bulk reduction. Her sodium drops acutely from 139 meq/L preoperatively to 125 meq/L intraoperatively. Serum osmolality is 310. What is the MOST appropriate management? a. Conivaptan b. Furosemide diuresis c. Hypertonic saline d. No intervention is required The administration of mannitol results in the shift of water from the intracellular compartments (and to a small degree from the extracellular fluid compartment) into the intravascular compartment. The resulting rapid expansion of the intravascular water can result in hyponatremia and hypokalemia. In this case, blood osmolality is 310 mOsm supporting the diagnosis of dilutional hyponatremia resulting mannitol. This will resolve when the mannitol clears. In the midesophageal long axis view at approximately 110-130 degree multiplane angle, which of the left ventricular walls can be BEST assessed for function and regional wall motion abnormalities? a. Anteroseptal and inferolateral b. Anterior and lateral c. Inferior and apical d. Anterolateral and posteroseptal The aortic valve is an anterior structure and the left ventricular wall seen closest to the aortic valve is anterior in location. In the midesophageal long axis view at about 120 degrees, part of the right ventricle is seen as well thus the wall closest to the aortic valve is the anteroseptal wall (on the same side as the aortic valve and LVOT). The wall opposite of this in this view is the inferolateral LV wall. During emergent transtracheal jet ventilation using a 14 gauge catheter, generation of sufficient gas flow requires a driving pressure of: a. 20 cmH2O b. 50 cmH2O c. 25 psi d. 50 psi d (50 psi After proper location of the catheter is confirmed by aspiration air, jet ventilation may be achieved with intermittent pulses of oxygen at 50 psi. An increase in the plasma concentration and a prolongation of the elimination half-life of etomidate is seen with the concomitant administration of: a. midazolam b. rocuronium c. fentanyl d. succinylcholine c (fentanyl Fentanyl has been shown to increase the plasma level of etomidate as well as prolong the elimination half-life of the drug. Download CoreNotes Which of the following is LEAST likely to be observed in an infant presenting with pyloric stenosis? b. Hypochloremia c. Hypokalemia d. Metabolic alkalosis In pyloric stenosis, the loss of gastric acid leads to a metabolic alkalosis and depletion of sodium, potassium, and chloride. Hypernatremia is not typically observed. A baby is born at 39 weeks gestation with congenital diaphragmatic hernia. The baby is cyanotic and limp. He has a slow, irregular respiratory pattern and appears to be grimacing. His heart rate is 120 bpm at the one-minute of life. Which APGAR score correctly corresponds with these findings? APGAR stands for Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respirations. Each of the 5 signs is assigned a value from 0 to 2 with a total greater than 7 considered normal. In this question, the baby is cyanotic with a pulse greater than 100, he is grimacing, he has no tone, and he has irregular respirations. In patients receiving vecuronium, the greatest augmentation of neuromuscular blockade is seen with the use of: a. isoflurane b. sevoflurane c. desflurane d. nitrous oxide Volatile agents decrease the nondepolarizer dosage requirements. The degree of the augmentation of blockade depends on the inhalational agent, with desflurane > sevoflurane > isoflurane > nitrous oxide. portal hypertension is defined as sustained portal vein pressure greater than: a. 5 mm Hg b. 10 mm Hg c. 20 mm Hg d. 25 mm Hg a (5 mm Hg Portal hypertension is defined as a sustained portal vein pressure of 5 mm Hg or greater above hepatic vein pressure. This leads to the formation of portal-systemic collateral venous channels. Barash, PG, Cullen, BF, Stoelting, RK, Cahalan, MK, Stock, MC, Ortega, R.,Sharar, SR, and Holt, NF. Clinical Anesthesia. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2017.) The highest incidence of muscle pain following the use of succinylcholine is seen in: a. infants b. octogenarians c. outpatients d. pregnant patients Myalgia following the use of succinylcholine is most commonly seen in females and outpatients. Pregnancy and extremes of age seem to be protective. A 24-year-old female is scheduled for resection of a cerebral aneurysm. She has no other significant past medical history. Acceptable levels of hypotension would include a mean arterial pressure of: a. 20 – 30 mm Hg b. 35 – 45 mm Hg c. 50 – 60 mm Hg d. 90 – 100 mm 50 – 60 mm Hg Healthy young individuals tolerate mean arterial pressures as low as 50 – 60 mm Hg without complications. Chronically hypertensive patients have altered autoregulation of cerebral blood flow and may tolerate a mean arterial pressure of no more than 20 – 30% below baseline. Sensory innervation of the trachea and larynx below the vocal cords is supplied by the: a. internal laryngeal nerve b. external laryngeal nerve c. recurrent laryngeal nerve recurrent laryngeal nerve The vagus nerve provides sensation to the airway below the epiglottis. The superior laryngeal branch of the vagus divides into an external (motor) and internal (sensory) laryngeal nerve that provide sensory supply to the larynx between the epiglottis and the vocal cords. Another branch of the vagus, the recurrent laryngeal nerve, innervates the larynx below the vocal cords and trachea. Bone marrow depression and peripheral neuropathy have been associated with prolonged exposure to anesthetic concentrations of: b. desflurane c. sevoflurane d (nitrous oxide By irreversibly oxidizing the cobalt atom in vitamin B12, nitrous oxide inhibits vitamin B12 dependent enzymes. These enzymes include methionine synthetase and thymidylate synthetase. As a result of these enzyme inhibitions, prolonged exposure to nitrous oxide has been associated with bone marrow depression, megaloblastic anemia, peripheral neuropathy and teratogenicity. A 4-year-old boy presents with the acute onset of inspiratory stridor and a barking cough after waking in the middle of the night. The child is febrile, sounds noticeably hoarse, and cries loudly when handled by medical personnel. The patient’s parents report that the child has had a “cold for a couple of days.” What is the MOST likely infectious etiology of this child’s disease? a. Haemophilus influenzae b. Influenza A c. Parainfluenza virus d. Streptococcus pyogenes This patient has croup, which is caused by the Parainfluenza virus about 75% of the time. Epiglottis, typically associated with Haemophilus influenzae, type B, is not typically characterized by a barking cough. Classically, patients are anxious, toxic, and have severe dyspnea Basal metabolic oxygen consumption in a 20-kg patient is approximately: (Basal metabolic oxygen consumption can be estimated using the following formula: VO2 = 10Kg^3/4 Morgan, GE, Mikhail, MS, and Murray, MJ. Clinical Anesthesiology. New York: Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill Medical Publishing Division, 2006.) The administration of propofol (2 mg/kg) to an otherwise healthy adult for the induction of anesthesia is most commonly associated with which one of the following hemodynamic changes? a. Decreased afterload b. Decreased contractility c. Decreased heart rate d. Decreased preload decreased afterload, The administration of propofol is associated with dose-dependent decreases in afterload, with possible decreases in contractility at high doses (although some studies suggest that within the range commonly used, myocardial function is preserved). Preload is also decreased; however, decreases in afterload are thought to be more important. Physiologic derangements seen in the patient with scleroderma include: (Select 3) a. pulmonary hypertension b. esophageal dysmotility c. excessive oral secretions and salivation d. myocardial fibrosis e. hypotension f. spastic quadraparesis a, b, d (pulmonary hypertension, esophageal dysmotility, myocardial fibrosis (Scleroderma is an autoimmune disease with multi-organ involvement. It is characterized by excessive deposition of collagen and subsequent fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. Manifestations are most evident in the skin, but pulmonary, cardiac, vascular and renal involvement may also be present. Patients with scleroderma are frequently difficult intubations and are at high risk for aspiration. Systemic hypertension from renal disease is very common. Xerostomia and decreased lacrimation are a result of exocrine gland involvement. During the transfusion of one unit of FFP, an 8-year-old girl develops severe systemic hypotension, bronchospasm, and urticaria. Which of the following diseases would be MOST likely the cause of this reaction? a. Celiac disease b. Cystic fibrosis c. Hemophilia A d. Selective IgA deficiency selective IgA deficiency Patients with selective IgA deficiency may present with severe reactions including anaphylaxis to blood transfusions or intravenous immunoglobulin due to the presence of IgA in these blood products. Selective IgA deficiency is the single most common cause of anaphylaxis after transfusion The maximum recommended occupational whole-body exposure to radiation is: a. 1 rem/year b. 5 rem/year c. 10 rem/year d. 20 rem/year 5 rem/year The intraoperative use of imaging equipment exposes anesthesia providers to ionizing radiation. The maximum recommended whole-body exposure to radiation is 5 rem/year. Examples of Type IV hypersensitivity reactions include: a. contact dermatitis b. hemolytic transfusion reactions c. anaphylaxis d. angioedema a (contact dermatitis Type IV hypersensitivity reactions are delayed and cell-mediated. Examples of Type IV reactions include contact dermatitis, tuberculin-type hypersensitivity and chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Negative consequences of positive pressure ventilation for patients with pericardial tamponade include which of the following? a. Increased right ventricular preload b. Increased systemic vascular resistance leading to an increase in myocardial oxygen consumption c. Increased left ventricular filling due to interventricular septal shift d. Increased pulmonary vascular resistance due to increased airway pressures Increased pulmonary vascular resistance due to increased airway pressures Average blood loss during a vaginal delivery is: a. 100 – 200 ml b. 400 – 500 ml c. 700 – 800 ml d. 1000 – 1500 ml b (400 – 500 ml At term, blood volume has increased by 1000 – 1500 ml in most women allowing them to easily tolerate the blood loss associated with delivery. Average blood loss during vaginal delivery is 400 – 500 ml, compared with 800 – 1000 ml for cesarean section. Nerves blocked with a fascia iliaca block include the: a. sciatic nerve b. femoral nerve c. pudendal nerves d. anterior tibial nerve a (femoral nerve The fascia iliaca block utilizes a deposition of local anesthetic in the fascia iliaca compartment to block the femoral, lateral femoral cutaneous, obturator and genitofemoral nerves. Sickle hemoglobin: (Select 2) a. has a lower P50 than hemoglobin A b. releases oxygen less readily than hemoglobin A c. is present in about 30% of African Americans d. readily polymerizes and precipitates in the red cell e. results from a single amino acid substitution on the ?-chain f. has decreased solubility as compared to hemoglobin A d, f (readily polymerizes and precipitates in the red cell, has decreased solubility as compared to hemoglobin A Sickle hemoglobin (HbS) has a lower affinity for oxygen and an elevated P50* (31 mm Hg) [decreased affinity] as compared to hemoglobin A (27 mm Hg). HbS also has decreased solubility and readily polymerizes and precipitates in the red cell producing the sickled appearance of the cell. HbS results from the substitution of valine for glutamic acid on the ?-chain. Laminar flow in the airway occurs in the: (Select 2) a. trachea b. main stem bronchi c. terminal bronchiole d. 3rd generation bronchus e. respiratory bronchioles C, E (terminal bronchiole, respiratory bronchiole Flow in the larger airways is mostly turbulent. Laminar flow normally occurs only distal to small bronchioles (< 1mm). The Reynolds number is used to predict the type of airway flow; a low Reynolds number (< 1000) is associated with laminar flow, whereas a high value (> 1500) is associated with turbulent flow. After inducing general anesthesia, a morbidly obese patient is intubated and ventilated with volume-control ventilation in the supine position with 8 cc/kg tidal volume. Which of the following would you MOST expect from this ventilation strategy? a. Decreased pulmonary vascular resistance b. Decreased ventilation of nondependent alveoli c. Increased ventilation of nondependent alveoli d. Increased perfusion of nondependent alveoli Increased ventilation of nondependent alveoli In the upright position with spontaneous ventilation in normal patients, ventilation and perfusion will be as normally matched as possible, with most ventilation and perfusion in the lung bases or dependent portions of the lungs. After induction of general anesthesia, neuromuscular relaxation and supine positioning, functional residual capacity decreases and ventilation becomes distributed to the more nondependent alveoli whereas perfusion is maintained in the dependent areas of the lung. The effect is exaggerated in obese patients. Factors increasing the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen include: (Select 2) a. increased carbon dioxide levels b. increased 2,3-DPG levels c. increased pH d. the presence of fetal hemoglobin e. increased body temperature f. the presence of hemoglobin-S increased pH, presence of fetal hemoglobin Factors that increase the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen would cause a leftward shift of the hemoglobin dissociation curve and a decrease in the P50. These factors include alkalosis, decreased CO2 levels, and decreased 2,3-DPG levels. Hemoglobin-S, found in patients with sickle cell disease, has a decreased affinity for oxygen. Fetal hemoglobin, however, has an increased affinity for oxygen to help in oxygen transfer from the mother to the fetus. The addition of bicarbonate to a local anesthetic solution: a. delays the onset of blockade b. increases the concentration of the nonionic form of the local anesthetic c. causes a fall in the pH of the solution d. should only be done when using bupivacaine increases the concentration of the nonionic form of the local anesthetic The onset of neural blockade depends on the penetration of the nerve cell membrane by the nonionic form of the anesthetic. Increasing the pH of the anesthetic solution increases the concentration of the nonionic form and thereby hastens the onset of the block. Bicarbonate is usually not added to bupivacaine, since it can cause precipitation if the pH is raised above 6.8. Fondaparinux achieves its anticoagulant effect through: a. factor Xa inhibition b. activation of antithombin III c. direct thrombin inhibition d. inhibition of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factor production (Fondaparinux is a factor Xa inhibitor. No reversal agent is available if emergency surgery is necessary. Barash, PG, Cullen, BF, Stoelting, RK, Cahalan, MK, Stock, MC, and Ortega, R. Clinical Anesthesia. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 201) Which of the following is NOT an absolute contraindications to Ramipril? a. Hereditary angioedema b. Pregnancy c. Renal artery stenosis d. Sulfonamide allergy Ramipril is an ACE-inhibitor (ACE-I). ACE-Is are contraindicated in patients with a history of angioneurotic edema, even if angioedema is not due to an ACE-I or C1 esterase deficiency. The use of ACE-Is during pregnancy is associated with serious complications in the fetus, including congenital malformations and intrauterine fetal demise. Patients with renal artery stenosis can develop serious hypotension when treated with an ACE-I. While captopril contains a sulfhydryl group, there is not thought to be cross-reactivity with sulfonamides. Regardless, ramipril may be safely administered to patients with a history of allergy to sulfonamides.) 3 month-old infant presents to the hospital febrile, lethargic, and tachypneic. Upon questioning, the infant’s parents indicate that the infant had been treated for colic with a combination of aspirin and a bismuth subsalicylate solution for the past several weeks. Salicylate toxicity is suspected. An arterial blood gas would MOST likely show which of the following abnormalities? a. Primary metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation b. Primary metabolic alkalosis with respiratory compensation c. Primary respiratory acidosis with metabolic compensation d. Primary respiratory alkalosis with metabolic compensation a. (Primary metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation This infant is suffering from severe salicylate toxicity. Patients taking large doses of bismuth subsalicylate solutions often do not realize that these drugs contain high concentrations of salicylate. Bismuth subsalicylate has an aspirin equivalency conversion factor of 0.479 (approximately half the strength of aspirin). Salicylate toxicity occurs as a result of salicylate’s interference with both Kreb’s cycle enzymes and, at high level, uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation. This results in a primary metabolic acidosis, to which most patients will develop a respiratory compensation.) Which nerve innervates the only abductor muscle of the vocal cords? a.Internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve b. (Recurrent laryngeal nerve The only abductor of the vocal cords is the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle. All muscles of the larynx apart from the cricothyroid muscle are innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Therefore, the only abductor muscle of the vocal cords is innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve. If both recurrent laryngeal nerves were severed during an operation such as a thyroidectomy, you would expect severe airway obstruction.) A fresh E-cylinder of oxygen: a.contains more liters of gas than an E-cylinder of nitrous oxide b. contains about 90% liquid oxygen and 10% oxygen as a gas c. contains about 660 liters of oxygen d. has a lower pressure than the pipeline oxygen supply c (contains about 660 liters of oxygen A fresh E-cylinder of oxygen contains about 660 liters of oxygen and is pressurized to 1900 psi. Dorsch, JA, Dorsch, SE. A Practical Approach to Anesthesia Equipment. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2011.) Which of the following statements regarding the pharmacology of heparin is MOST correct? a. Warfarin increases the synthesis of endogenous heparin b. Low Molecular Weight Heparin preferentially inhibits Factor Xa c. Heparin is a highly sulfated protein molecule with negative charge d. Protamine reverses heparin action as a competitive antagonist on the receptor binding site b. (Low Molecular Weight Heparin preferentially inhibits Factor Xa Heparin is a carbohydrate containing glucuronic acid residues. It has negatively charged sulfate groups “two per uronic acid residue”making it one of the strongest acids found in living things. The major inhibitor of thrombin, factors IXa, and factor Xa is AT III. UFH accelerates the formation of the thrombin-AT complex by 2000-fold and accelerates formation of the factor Xa-AT complex by 1200-fold. In contrast, LMWH fragments preferentially inhibit factor Xa. Protamine is a positively charged polypeptide that combines with the negatively charged heparin to form stable complexes resulting in neutralization of heparin activity. Warfarin acts as an anticoagulant by inhibiting vitamin K epoxide reductase.) The elimination half-life of intravenously administered oxytocin in the parturient is approximately: a. 30 to 120 seconds b. 3 to 5 minutes c. 10 to 15 minutes d. 20 to 30 minutes b (3 to 5 minutes Both endogenous and intravenously administered oxytocin have short elimination half-lives of about 3 to 5 minutes. As a result, oxytocin must be administered as a continuous infusion for the induction of labor. The criteria for systemic inflammatory response syndrome includes which of the following parameters? a. Temperature, blood pressure, respiratory rate or PaCO2, white blood cell count b. Temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate or PaCO2, urine output c. Temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate or PaCO2, white blood cell count d. Temperature, blood pressure, respiratory rate or PaCO2, urine output c. (Temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate or PaCO2, white blood cell count The systemic inflammatory response syndrome is defined by the presence of 2 or more of the following parameters: body temperature greater than 38°C or less than 36°C, heart rate greater than 90 bpm, respiratory rate greater than 20 breaths per min or PaCO2 less than 32 mmHg, and leukocytosis greater than 12,000/mm3 or less than 4000/mm3.) In the fetus, the percentage of cardiac output directed to the placenta is approximately: b. 25% c. 50% d. 100% c. (50% In the fetus, the lungs receive little blood flow. The placenta receives nearly one-half of the fetal cardiac output and is responsible for respiratory gas exchange. FOUR DAYS AFTER AN URETERAL STENT PLACEMENT, AN 87-YEAR-OLD WOMAN BECOMES INCREASINGLY CONFUSED. VITAL SIGNS INCLUDE T 38.9°C, BP 100/60 MMHG (MAP 73), HR 103 BPM, RESPIRATORY RATE 16 /MIN, SPO2 96% ON ROOM AIR. WHITE BLOOD CELL COUNT IS 16,000 ?L-1, CREATININE IS 2.2 MG/DL (UP FROM 0.8 MG/DL BASELINE), AND LACTATE IS 3 MMOL/L. URINALYSIS SHOWS LEUKOCYTES AND POSITIVE NITRITE; A URINE CULTURE IS PENDING. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS THIS PATIENT’S MOST APPROPRIATE SEPSIS CLASSIFICATION? a. Sepsis b. Severe sepsis c. Sepsis-induced hypotension d. Septic shock According to the 2012 International Guidelines for Management of Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock, sepsis is defined as the probable or known presence of an infection together with systemic manifestations of infection. Severe sepsis is defined as sepsis plus sepsis-induced organ dysfunction or tissue hypoperfusion. Sepsis-induced hypotension is defined as a systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg or mean arterial pressure < 70 mmHg or systolic blood pressure decrease > 40 mmHg or less than two standard deviations below normal for age in the absence of other causes of hypotension. Septic shock is sepsis-induced hypotension that persists despite adequate fluid resuscitation. Any of the following signs of organ dysfunction or tissue hypoperfusion thought to be due to the infection would lead to a severe sepsis classification: Sepsis-induced hypotension Lactate above upper limits laboratory normal Urine output < 0.5 mL/kg/hr for more than 2 hrs despite adequate fluid resuscitation Acute lung injury with Pao2/Fio2 < 250 in the absence of pneumonia as infection source Acute lung injury with Pao2/Fio2 < 200 in the presence of pneumonia as infection source Creatinine > 2.0 mg/dL (176.8 ?mol/L) Bilirubin > 2 mg/dL (34.2 ?mol/L) Platelet count < 100,000 ?L Coagulopathy (international normalized ratio > 1.5) At the neuromuscular junction, acetylcholine receptor binding sites are found on the: a. ?-subunits b. ?-subunits c. ?-subunits d. ? -subunits a. (?-subunits Each acetylcholine (ACh) receptor in the neuromuscular junction consists of 5 protein subunits. Only the ?-subunits are capable of binding ACh molecules. If both binding sites are occupied, the channel briefly opens. The ?-subunits are also the site of action of neuromuscular blockers. Barash, PG, Cullen, BF, Stoelting, RK, Cahalan, MK, Stock, MC, and Ortega, R. Clinical Anesthesia. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2013) 50 year-old man was diagnosed with hypertension and his primary care physician started him on hydrochlorothiazide for blood pressure control. He presents for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Which of the following electrolyte disturbances is MOST common in patients taking hydrochlorothiazide? a. Increased calcium b. Increased magnesium c. Increased potassium d. Increased sodium a. (Increased calcium Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) is a sulfonamide derivative in the thiazide class of diuretics. It is often used as a first line treatment for hypertension. It blocks the sodium chloride transporter in the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney. Thus, HCTZ causes a natriuresis along with chloride loss. Other effects include reductions in potassium and magnesium. HCTZ increases calcium due to reabsorption of calcium also at the distal convoluted tubule. Glucose levels can rise if potassium is supplemented with use of HCTZ. In addition, LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol and triglycerides also increase.) Absolute contraindications to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) include: a. congestive heart failure c. myocardial infarction 5 months prior to therapy d. increased intracranial pressure d (increased intracranial pressure Absolute contraindications to ECT include recent MI (usually < 3 months), recent stroke (< 1 month), intracranial mass, or increased ICP from any cause. Relative contraindications include angina, CHF, significant pulmonary disease, bone fractures, osteoporosis, pregnancy, glaucoma and retinal detachment. pg. 628 Butterworth, JF, Mackey, DC, and Wasnick, JD. Morgan & Mikhail's Clinical Anesthesiology. New York: Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill Medical Publishing Division, 2013.) 69 year-old woman presents for combined mitral valve repair and aortic valve replacement after CABG 10 years ago. She is deemed to be high risk for bleeding after cardiopulmonary bypass and during the postoperative period in the ICU. You plan to administer tranexamic acid prior to commencement of cardiopulmonary bypass. Which of the following BEST describes the mechanism of tranexamic acid? a. Activates platelets b. Improves fibrin concentration c. Increases thrombin d. Inhibits activation of plasmin d. (Inhibits activation of plasmin Prohemostatic interventions for patients having cardiac surgery at high risk of bleeding are very important and attack the coagulation cascade at many different points. Tranexamic acid, epsilon aminocaproic acid and aprotinin (no longer used in the US due to safety concerns) work by inhibiting conversion of plasminogen to plasmin and plasmin release. Thus they have an anti-fibrinolytic effect and attempt to preserve clot formation (reduce inappropriate breakdown of thrombus). Other treatments used include DDAVP which increases the release of von Willebrand factor from the endothelium in order to increase platelet activation; prothrombin complex concentrates and recombinant factor VIIa which increase thrombin formation (and thus improve clot formation); and fibrinogen concentrates or cryoprecipitate which increases fibrinogen and thus the fibrin component of clot formation.) Which of the following anti-platelet agents works by inhibiting platelet activation via an adenosine diphosphate-dependent mechanism? a. Aspirin b. Clopidogrel c. Dipyridamole d. Tirofiban b. (Clopidogrel Aspirin permanently inactivates the cyclooxygenase enzyme to reduce thromboxane A2-induced activation of platelets. Clopidogrel is one of the thienopyridines which functions via irreversibly inhibiting ADP-induced platelet aggregation. Other medications in this class include prasugrel, ticlopidine (both irreversible) and cangrelor and ticagrelor (both reversible). Dipyridamole is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor which achieves its antiplatelet effect through increased cyclic AMP which blocks the uptake of adenosine, thus reducing the amount of adenosine at the platelet vascular interface or via direct stimulation of prostacyclin release from the endothelium. Tirofiban is in the class of antiplatelet agents which block platelet activation via glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibition.) An 85-year-old man is in atrial fibrillation in the intensive care unit after aortic valve replacement. Amiodarone 150 mg is administered by intravenous bolus injection. Which of the following BEST describes that mechanism of amiodarone? a. Blocks cardiac sodium channels b. Prolongs repolarization c. Shortens the QT interval d. Slows conduction at the AV node b. (Prolongs repolarization Amiodarone is a Class III antiarrhythmic agent and is used to treat both atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. It prolongs repolarization and lengthens the cardiac action potential, provides negative chronotropy in nodal tissue, blocks cardiac potassium and calcium channels. This slows conduction at the SA node. It does also have a negative inotropic effect and causes significant peripheral vasodilation. The two main side effects from administration of amiodarone are bradycardia and hypotension. These can be lessened by slowing the rate of administration, providing a fluid bolus, supporting with a vasopressor during the infusion or temporary pacing if the bradycardia is profound.) 58-year-old man is admitted with chest pain, ST elevation in ECG leads II, III and aVF, and increased cardiac troponin levels. His echocardiogram shows regional wall motion abnormalities in the inferior wall. Which of the following medications should be initiated within 24 hours after admission to improve his survival following his myocardial infarction? a.Hydrochlorothiazide b. Losartan c. Metoprolol d. Ramipril d. (Ramipril For patients who have sustained a myocardial infarction, there are numerous studies that show a survival benefit for starting angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor medications within 24 hours after MI. Beta blockers are important in care of the patient with myocardial ischemia in order to reduce heart rate (decrease demand and increase supply). ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers work by inhibiting the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system and are theorized to help prevent or slow ventricular remodeling after MI, which allows for improvement in ejection fraction.) Dextran 40 has been shown to improve microcirculation by: a. reducing blood density b. increasing blood density c. decreasing blood viscosity d. increasing blood viscosity c. (decreasing blood viscosity Dextran 40 has been shown to improve microcirculation presumably by decreasing blood viscosity thereby improving laminar flow in the microcirculatory beds. Both Dextran 40 and Dextran 70 possess antiplatelet effects and may interfere with blood typing. Which of the following is MOST correct regarding the treatment of known venous thromboembolism with either low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) or unfractionated heparin (UFH)? a. LMWH more efficacious but with more side effects b. LMWH more efficacious and with fewer side effects **** c. UFH more efficacious but with more side effects d. UFH more efficacious and with fewer side effects b. (LMWH more efficacious and with fewer side effects While it has been firmly established the LMWH is superior to UFH for the prevention of VTI, it appears that if venous thromboembolism does develop, fixed dose LMWH is more effective and safer than UFH (based on 23 studies including 9587 patients) for the treatment of VTE. These data suggest statistically significant reductions in thrombotic complications, more frequent reduction in thrombus size, fewer major hemorrhages, and lower mortality.) Maternal mortality associated with amniotic fluid embolization is: a. 10 – 15% b. 20 – 25% c. 40 – 45% d. greater than 50% d. (greater than 50% Amniotic fluid embolism is rare with a occurrence of about 1:20,000. However, it carries a very high mortality; some studies quoting as much as 86%. Mortality within the first hour after onset is about 50%. During hip replacement surgery, cardiopulmonary changes associated with the application of acrylic bone cement include: (Select 3) a. hypotension secondary to cement monomer absorption b. hypoxemia secondary to air embolization c. hypoxemia secondary to fat embolization d. hypocarbia e. decreased pulmonary artery pressure f. increased end-tidal carbon dioxide A, B, C (hypotension secondary to cement monomer absorption, hypoxemia secondary to air embolization, hypoxemia secondary to fat embolization During hip replacement surgery, hypotension associated with the use of acrylic bone cement has been attributed to absorption of methyl methacrylate monomer, embolization of air and bone marrow, lysis of red cells and marrow and conversion of methyl methacrylate to methacrylic acid. Hypoxemia is common. Embolic events cause an increase in dead space with a reduction in ETCO2 with an increase in PaCO2. a.Dorsal rami of L1-4 b. ( The lumbar plexus is derived from the anterior (ventral) primary rami of lumbar nerves L1-L4 with variable contributions from the 12th thoracic and 5th lumbar nerves.) a. (genioglossus muscle The genioglossus muscle allows the tongue to be protruded and kept away from the posterior pharynx. It is innervated by the hypoglossal nerve. The palatoglossus muscle elevates the tongue and depresses the soft palate. The styloglossus muscle elevates and retracts the tongue. The superior longitudinal muscle of the tongue is an intrinsic muscle of the tongue that elevates the tip. d. (Administer oxygen and ensure a patent airway The treatment of local anesthetic toxicity is similar to the management of other medical emergencies and focuses on airway, breathing and circulation. Ensuring adequate oxygenation and ventilation is paramount to avoid progressive acidosis) c. (difficulty with intubation and airway management c. (Increased onset time Commercially prepared solutions with epinephrine have a lower pH than those in which it is freshly added. A lower pH results in a higher percentage of ionized drug molecules. It is the non-ionized form that easily crosses the lipid membrane; therefore the onset will be delayed. ) b. (umbilical cord compression c. (Clonidine prolongs the sensory block when added to intermediate local anesthetics Clonidine is an alpha-2-agonist. It has been found to prolong the sensory block primarily when combined with intermediate local anesthetics although it may also have some effect when combined with longer-acting local anesthetics. The exact mechanism is unclear but appears to be peripherally mediated and dose-dependent. Side effects include bradycardia, hypotension, and sedation.) Ninety percent of congenital diaphragmatic hernias occur: a. through the left posterolateral foramen b. through the right posterolateral foramen c. through the anterior foramen d. along the inferior vena cava a (through the left posterolateral foramen Left-sided herniation through the posterolateral foramen of Bochdalek accounts for 90% of diaphragmatic hernias. Hypoxia, scaphoid abdomen and evidence of bowel in the thorax are the hallmarks of diaphragmatic herniation. Peak airway pressures should not exceed 30 cm H2O to minimize the risk of pneumothorax during surgical correction. The perception of an ordinarily non-noxious stimulus as pain is referred to as: a. allodynia b. anesthesia dolorosa c. dysesthesia d. hyperalgesia a (allodynia Allodynia is the perception of non-noxious stimuli as pain. Dysesthesia is an unpleasant sensation without a stimulus. Hyperesthesia is an increased response to a mild stimulus. Anesthesia dolorosa is pain in an area that lacks sensation. c. (Hep B Hepatitis B carries the greatest risk of transmission, with 37 to 62% of exposed workers eventually showing seroconversion and 22 to 31% showing clinical hepatitis B infection. The hepatitis C transmission rate has been reported at 1.8%, but newer, larger surveys have shown only a 0.5% transmission rate. The overall risk of HIV infection after percutaneous exposure to HIV-infected material in the health care setting is 0.3%. Hepatitis B prophylaxis Current CDC guidelines call for the administration of hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and/or hepatitis B vaccine. While the efficacy of the combination has not been evaluated in the needlestick injury setting, it has been shown to be the most efficacious approach in the perinatal setting. The approach has no contraindications during pregnancy and lactation. Hepatitis C prophylaxis CDC guidelines acknowledge that there is no active post-exposure prophylaxis for HCV. There is some evidence that treatment with interferon alfa-2b may be beneficial preventing chronic hepatitis. HIV prophylaxis CDC guidelines generally recommend a post-exposure prophylaxis protocol with 3 or more antiviral drugs, when it is known that the donor was HIV positive; however, when the viral load was low and none of the above noted risk factors are met, the CDC protocol utilizes 2 antiviral drugs.) The rapid shallow breathing index (RSBI) is useful in predicting successful weaning from mechanical ventilation. Prior to extubation this index should be: a. between 300 and 400 b. between 200 and 300 c. between 100 and 200 d. less than 100 d (less than 100 RSBI is frequently used to help predict who can be successfully weaned from mechanical ventilation. With the patient breathing spontaneously, the ventilatory rate is divided by the tidal volume (liters). Successful extubation can be predicted by an RSBI of less than 100. Crawford, J, Otero, R. “Rapid shallow breathing index a key predictor for noninvasive ventilation.” URL: http://ccforum.com/content/11/S2/P169, March, 2007. c. Cyanide toxicity Carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin and prevents the delivery of O2 to tissues. Conventional two-wavelength pulse oximeter cannot discriminate between Hgb-CO and HgbO2. The half-life of carboxyhemoglobin (Hb-CO) in a patient breathing room air is approximately 300 minutes; this decreases to 90 minutes with high-flow oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask. Thus, the most important interventions in the management of a CO-poisoned patient are prompt removal from the source of CO and institution of high-flow oxygen by facemask. For patients suffering from CO poisoning after smoke inhalation, it is important to consider concomitant cyanide toxicity, which can further impair tissue oxygen utilization and exacerbate cellular hypoxia. Cyanide toxicity should be considered in anyone who rapidly loses consciousness after ingestion or inhalation (it is common in indoor fire victims due to combustion of plastics). The symptoms are those of hypoxia (headache, lethargy, seizures, coma but without cyanosis). Cyanide inhibits cytochrome oxidase in the electron transport chain which prevents the offloading of electrons from NADH to oxygen which prevents ATP production ? anaerobic metabolism ? lactic acidosis all in spite of normal PaO2. Manage with 100% O2 and give any or all of amyl nitrate, sodium nitrate, and/or sodium thiosulfate. The nitrates generate methemoglobin which has a greater affinity for cyanide than does cytochrome oxidase.) Intracranial hypertension is defined as a sustained increase in intracranial pressure (ICP) above: b (15 mm Hg Intracranial hypertension is defined as a sustained increase in intracranial pressure (ICP) above 15 mm Hg. Uncompensated increases in tissue or fluid within the rigid intracranial vault produce the sustained pressure elevations. Longnecker, DE, Brown, DL, Newman MF and Zapol, WM. Anesthesiology. New York: McGraw Hill, 2012.) b. (Electrocardiogram TCA overdose can lead to lethargy, delirium, coma, and seizures. Tachycardia and hypotension may also develop. Attempt gastric lavage if history suggests recent large ingestion (10-20 mg/kg) and use activated charcoal. The ECG tracing is crucial in the management of TCA overdose. Give sodium bicarbonate if QRS duration > 100 ms (1-2 meq/kg bolus) and convert from bolus to infusion when the QRS complex narrows (targeting a pH of 7.5 to 7.55). If the pH becomes too alkaline but QRS complex widens then given 3% hypertonic saline to antagonize sodium channel blockade associated with TCAs. Use norepinephrine if vasopressors are necessary. Seizures need to be rapidly controlled with GABA agonists (benzos, propofol) b/c associated metabolic acidosis will rapidly worsen toxicity; don’t give phenytoin which is a type IA anti-arrhythmic.) d. (Right coronary artery The symptoms of this patient as well as the echocardiogram findings indicate right ventricular ischemia. Patients typically often present with symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, diaphoresis and bradycardia, and may not have the typical chest pain or pressure symptoms. An inferior wall myocardial infarction (right coronary artery distribution in 85% of patients) may manifest as complete heart block due to damage to the AV node. The SA node is fed by the RCA in 55% of population and left circumflex artery in 45% of population.) APGAR stands for Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respirations. Each of the 5 signs is assigned a value from 0 to 2 with a total greater than 7 considered normal. In this question, the baby is cyanotic with a pulse greater than 100, he is grimacing, he has no tone, and he has irregular respirations. c. (desflurane At approximately what carboxyhemoglobin level will a patient start to display mild signs and symptoms (headache, nausea and vomiting) of carbon monoxide toxicity? a. 5% d. 25% b. (15% A nonsmoker has a carboxyhemoglobin level < 5% whereas a smoker may have a carboxyhemoglobin level of 4-9%. Symptoms such as headache, dizziness, nausea, and vomiting may occur at a carboxyhemoglobin level of 15-20%.) c. (outpatients c. (50 – 60 mm Hg (numerical answer) Basal metabolic oxygen consumption can be estimated using the following formula: c. (Parainfluenza virus This patient has croup, which is caused by the Parainfluenza virus about 75% of the time. Epiglottis, typically associated with Haemophilus influenzae, type B, is not typically characterized by a barking cough. Classically, patients are anxious, toxic, and have severe dyspnea) a, b, d. (pulmonary hypertension, esophageal dysmotility, myocardial fibrosis Scleroderma is an autoimmune disease with multi-organ involvement. It is characterized by excessive deposition of collagen and subsequent fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. Manifestations are most evident in the skin, but pulmonary, cardiac, vascular and renal involvement may also be present. Patients with scleroderma are frequently difficult intubations and are at high risk for aspiration. Systemic hypertension from renal disease is very common. Xerostomia and decreased lacrimation are a result of exocrine gland involvement. d. (Selective IgA deficiency Patients with selective IgA deficiency may present with severe reactions including anaphylaxis to blood transfusions or intravenous immunoglobulin due to the presence of IgA in these blood products. Selective IgA deficiency is the single most common cause of anaphylaxis after transfusion.) b. (5 rem/year a. (contact dermatitis Comparing the incidence of post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) between pencil point spinal needles and cutting bevel spinal needles, which of the following is MOST correct? a. The incidence is the same b. The incidence is lower with pencil point needles c. The incidence is lower with cutting bevel spinal needles d. The incidence is the same but only if the cutting bevel spinal needles are 27 gauge or smaller b (The incidence is lower with pencil point needles A cutting bevel leaves a different type of “hole” in the dura than a pencil point needle. A pencil point needle makes a tiny hole in the dura that then spreads to the size of the needle being used. The effective size of the dural hole is much smaller than the needle size and dural fibers are stretched rather than cut. A cutting bevel needle leaves a hole equal in size to the diameter of the needle and dural fibers have been cut rather than stretched. This results in a lower incidence of PDPH with pencil point needles.) nonselective ?-antagonist used in the preoperative preparation of a patient with pheochromocytoma is: a. phenoxybenzamine b. doxazosin c. propranolol d. terazosin a (phenoxybenzamine Phenoxybenzamine is a nonselective ?-antagonist used in the preoperative preparation of the patient with pheochromocytoma. Doxazosin and terazosin are selective ?1-antagonists. Propranolol is a nonselective ?-antagonist. In the preparation of patients with pheochromocytoma, ?-blockade and intravascular volume replacement must precede ?-blockade, so as to prevent the possibility of unopposed ?-stimulation. a.has a lower P50 than hemoglobin A d, f. (readily polymerizes and precipitates in the red cell, has decreased solubility as compared to hemoglobin A Sickle hemoglobin (HbS) has a lower affinity for oxygen and an elevated P50 (31 mm Hg) as compared to hemoglobin A (27 mm Hg). HbS also has decreased solubility and readily polymerizes and precipitates in the red cell producing the sickled appearance of the cell. HbS results from the substitution of valine for glutamic acid on the ?-chain. c, d. (increased pH, presence of fetal hemoglobin According to the Modified Glasgow Coma Scale, a moderate head injury is associated with a score of: a 13 – 15 b. 9 – 12 c. 6 – 9 d. less than 6 b (9 – 12 According to the Modified Glasgow Coma scale, mild head injury is associated with a score of 13 – 15, moderate head injury is associated with a score of 9 – 12, and severe head injury is associated with a score of less than 8. Current anesthesia apparatus checkout recommendations suggest which of the following prior to every case? a. Check oxygen cylinder supply b. Check the carbon dioxide absorber c. Performance of a machine low-pressure leak test d. Calibration of the oxygen monitor b (Check the carbon dioxide absorber Verification of the adequacy of the carbon dioxide absorber is suggested prior to every case. If the same anesthesia machine is being used by the same provider, E-cylinder pressure checks, machine low-pressure leak testing and calibration of the oxygen sensor need not be repeated after an initial check. Which of the following proteins is LEAST likely to be down-regulated in the setting of sepsis? a. Activated protein C b. Endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) c. Glycoprotein Ib (GP1B) d. Thrombomodulin e. Protein S c. (Glycoprotein Ib (GP1B) The hematologic and inflammatory systems are closely related. This relationship can be deduced from experience (i.e., septic patient developing multiple coagulopathies and in some instances disseminated intravascular coagulation [DIC]) and also makes teleological sense (most infectious insults are accompanied by tissue trauma, at least in the natural environment). The relationship is not fully understood but it appears that sepsis leads to the downregulation of thrombomodulin, endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR), activated protein C, and protein S, all of which are anti-coagulant proteins. A 27-year-old construction worker presents to the ER after traumatic amputation of the 4th and 5th digits by a table saw. An ultrasound-guided axillary block with 30 cc of 0.5% bupivacaine is performed as the primary anesthetic for digital re-attachment. After 90 minutes of tourniquet inflation, the patient reports severe tourniquet pain. What nerve is MOST likely responsible for this pain? a. Axillary nerve b. Intercostobrachial nerve c. Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve d. Lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve b. (Intercostobrachial nerve The cutaneous innervation of the medial arm and axilla is derived from the intercostobrachial (ICB) nerve, a branch on the second thoracic nerve root. The ICB nerve is blocked by a subcutaneous skin wheal in the medial aspect of the arm near the axilla. Failure to block the ICB nerve can result in significant tourniquet pain, especially during long-duration tourniquet use.) When performing an ultrasound-guided supraclavicular block, what is the MOST appropriate needle and probe orientation? a. In-plane, anteromedial to posterolateral b. In-plane, posterolateral to anteromedial c. Out-of-plane, anteromedial to posterolateral d. Out-of-plane, posterolateral to anteromedial b. (In-plane, posterolateral to anteromedial The safety of the ultrasound-guided supraclavicular block is based on the anesthesiologist visualizing the needle tip at all times during the block. This can only be reliably accomplished using an in-plane needle approach. In order to reliably block the ulnar nerve, local anesthetic needs to be deposited between the subclavian artery and the first rib. This is most easily accomplished using a posterolateral to anteromedial needle approach.) An increase in intraocular pressure has been associated with: (select 3) a. nitrous oxide administration b. succinylcholine administration c. opioid administration d. hyperventilation e. laryngoscopy f. hypoxemia g. sevoflurane administration b, e, f (succinylcholine administration, hypoxemia, laryngoscopy Succinylcholine increases intraocular pressure by 5 – 10 mm Hg for 5 – 10 minutes after administration. This increase is primarily the result of prolonged contracture of the extraocular muscles from the depolarizing effects of succinylcholine. Nitrous oxide, volatile anesthetic agents and opioids have been associated with a reduction in intraocular pressure. Hypoxemia, hypercarbia, hypertension, hypervolemia, laryngoscopy and intubation have all been shown to increase IOP. A 46-year-old male is scheduled for an emergent laparotomy for small bowel obstruction. His history is complicated by the acute onset of hepatitis B four days earlier and he presents with significant scleral jaundice. The perioperative mortality in this patient is approximately: b. 5% c (10% Patients with acute hepatitis should have elective surgery postponed until the acute hepatitis has resolved. Studies indicate increased perioperative morbidity (12%) and mortality (10% with laparotomy) during acute hepatitis. Changes found in banked blood include: (Select 2) a. increased levels of 2,3-DPG b. a left shift of the hemoglobin dissociation curve c. decreased levels of potassium d. formation of microaggregates e. alkalosis secondary to the presence of citrate f. increased intracellular ATP stores e. thrombocytosis b, d (a left shift of the hemoglobin dissociation curve, formation of microaggregates Changes occurring in banked blood include: Depletion of 2,3-DPG Depletion of intracellular ATP Oxidative damage Increased adhesion to vascular endothelium Altered cell morphology Accumulation of microaggregates Hyperkalemia (as high as 17.2 mEq/L) Absence of platelets (after 2 days of storage) Hemolysis Accumulation of proinflammatory products Pulmonary changes associated with Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy include: a. a restrictive ventilatory defect b. an obstructive ventilatory defect c. decreased pulmonary artery pressures d. increased residual volume a (a restrictive ventilatory defect The combination of marked kyphoscoliosis and degeneration of the respiratory muscles produces a severe restrictive ventilatory defect in patients with Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy. Pulmonary hypertension is also commonly seen. Which of the following is MOST accurate with regard to total circulating blood volume in the parturient? a. It is increased by up to 45% over pre-pregnancy values b. It doubles during the first two trimesters and remains constant throughout the third trimester c. It increases by 10% over pre-pregnancy values d. It decreases slightly during the first trimester a. (It is increased by up to 45% over pre-pregnancy values Due to changes is osmoregulation and the renin-angiotensin system during pregnancy leading to salt retention, circulating blood volume is increased by up to 45% in the full-term parturient. This leads to a total body water volume of about 8.5 L. These changes begin early in the first trimester. Red cell volume increases by only 30% in pregnancy, leading to “physiologic anemia” of pregnancy.) Which of the following should be MOST suspected in a laboring parturient who experiences sudden hypotension and abdominal pain accompanied by fetal bradycardia? a. Progression from first to second stage of labor b. Placenta previa c. Placenta accreta d. Uterine rupture d. (Uterine rupture Uterine rupture may present with nonspecific signs but almost always includes fetal bradycardia. Maternal hypotension along with loss of function of uterine pressure monitors often occurs as well. Risk factors for uterine rupture include uterine scar (such as from prior cesarean delivery), trauma, aggressive use of oxytocin during labor, and excessive uterine manipulation. Incidence of uterine rupture during vaginal birth after cesarean delivery (VBAC) is approximately 1%. The American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) recommends that at any facility where patients undergo trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC), a physician capable of monitoring labor and performing emergent cesarean deliveries and an anesthesiologist must be immediately available. Serious maternal morbidity or mortality is as high as 10-25% with uterine rupture. Treatment includes emergent laparotomy.) During an anterior-posterior spinal fusion, in a 70-kg patient, the laboratory reports an intraoperative hematocrit of 21% with a hemoglobin of 7g/dL. Two units of packed red blood cells are administered over the course of 30 minutes. Upon completion of the transfusion, the anticipated hematocrit will be approximately: 25 – 27% A commonly used rule of thumb states that each unit of PRBCs increases the hemoglobin 1 g/dL and the hematocrit 2% to 3%. During rapid-sequence induction, cricoid pressure is applied to reduce the incidence of regurgitation. After loss of consciousness, the recommended amount of downward force applied to the cricoid cartilage is: ( numerical answer) 3.0 – 4.4 kg Using cricoid yolk studies, the optimum force necessary to effectively occlude the esophagus without obstruction of the trachea is between 30 and 44 Newtons (3.0 – 4.4 kg). It is recommended that 2 kg of force be applied prior to loss of consciousness and that pressure be increased to 4 kg of force after loss of consciousness. Forms of mechanical ventilation that produce tidal volumes at or below anatomic dead space include: (Select 2) a. high-frequency oscillation b. inverse I:E ratio ventilation c. airway pressure release ventilation d. differential lung ventilation e. high-frequency positive-pressure ventilation f. pressure support ventilation a, e (high-frequency oscillation, high-frequency positive-pressure ventilation High-frequency oscillation (HFO) creates a to-and-fro gas movement in the airway at rates of 180 – 3000 times/min. High frequency positive-pressure ventilation is delivered at a rate of 60 – 120 breaths/min. Tidal volume is at or below anatomic dead space. High-frequency ventilation techniques may be useful in cases of bronchopleural and tracheoesophageal fistulas. A 59-year-old woman with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis has prolonged ventilatory depression after the administration of morphine. Which of the following is MOST likely responsible for the patient’s ventilatory depression? a. Morphine-3-glucuronide accumulation b. Morphine-6-glucuronide accumulation c. Increased mu-receptor affinity d. Increased volume of distribution b. (Morphine-6-glucuronide accumulation Morphine can be metabolized to both morphine-3-glucuronide and morphine-6-glucuronide, both of which are excreted by the kidney and thus may accumulate in renal failure. Morphine-3-glucuronide is largely inactive, although high serum levels may be associated with seizures. Conversely, morphine-6-glucuronide is an active metabolite and likely contributes to much of the analgesia associated with morphine. Patients with renal failure do not have altered mu-receptor affinity. The volume of distribution is increased in patients with renal failure; however, this increase is not responsible for prolonged ventilatory depression.) ??The essential component of cardioplegia solutions is: a. mannitol b. magnesium c. potassium d. corticosteroid c (potassium High concentrations of potassium (20 – 30 mEq/L) are used in cardioplegia solutions. These solutions result in an increase in extracellular potassium and reduce transmembrane potential. This progressively interferes with the normal sodium currents of depolarization and eventually the sodium channels are completely inactivated. ?The 2013 SCCM guidelines on delirium recommend which of the following as the first line pharmacologic treatment of delirium? a. Benzodiazepines b. Opioids c. Haloperidol d. Quetiapine e. None of the above e. (None of the above there is no pharma Rec previous Rec was Haldol. ) ?The formation clinically significant amounts of carbon monoxide has been associated with: a. the use of a non-rebreathing circuit b. the use of fresh carbon dioxide absorber c. the use of desflurane d. expiratory valve incompetence c (the use of desflurane The formation of CO depends on the use of a volatile agent containing a difluoromethoxy moiety (desflurane, isoflurane, enflurane). This moiety can react with desiccated base (baralime or sodalime) to form CO. Fresh absorber has sufficient water to prevent the reaction. Clinically, CO intoxication occurs after a weekend when the flow of dry oxygen in the machine has desiccated the absorber and desflurane is being used. Anesthesiology. 89(4):929-941, October 1998. Baxter, Pamela J. PhD; Garton, Kyle BS; Kharasch, Evan D. MD, PhD) ?The duration of which of the following neuromuscular blockers is MOST prolonged in patients with dialysis-dependent renal failure? a. Cisatracurium b. Pancuronium c. Succinylcholine d. Rocuronium (Of the drugs listed, pancuronium is the neuromuscular blocker most dependent upon renal elimination for the termination of its effects. Indeed, as much as 40% of an injected dose of pancuronium is recovered in urine as unchanged and as much as 25% may be recovered as 3-hydroxy metabolite, which is a potent neuromuscular blocker (about 50% as potent as pancuronium). Thus, the duration of action of pancuronium is prolonged in patients with renal failure. Cisatracurium is not metabolized but rather cleared by Hofmann degradation. Succinylcholine is metabolized by pseudocholinesterase. Rocuronium is primarily eliminated by the liver; however, a small decrease in clearance among patients with end-stage renal disease can be demonstrated.) ?A 42-year-old man is undergoing a thoracoscopy. During the procedure an 8-minute period of apneic oxygenation is required. If the patient’s PaCO2 is 40 mm Hg, the expected PaCO2 at the end of the apneic period would be: 67 to 74 mm Hg The apneic oxygenation technique affords adequate oxygen delivery, but progressive respiratory acidosis limits the use of this technique to 10 – 20 minutes in most patients. Arterial PaCO2 rises 6 mm Hg in the first minute followed by a rise of 3 – 4 mm Hg during each subsequent minute. In this patient this will produce a 27 – 34 mm Hg increase, resulting in a PaCO2 of 67 to 74 mm Hg. ?After being injured in a motor vehicle accident, a 35-year-old previously healthy woman is intubated and mechanically ventilated in the ICU. Her respiratory quotient is calculated to 0.97. This suggests that her primary metabolic fuel is MOST likely to be: a. Carbohydrate b. Fat c. Protein a. (Carbohydrate Respiratory quotient (RQ) is the ratio of CO2 eliminated/O2 consumed. Under most conditions, the RQ ranges from 0.7 to 1.0. A RQ of 1.0 suggests pure carbohydrate metabolism whereas as RQ of 0.7 suggests pure fat metabolism. When proteins are metabolized, the RQ is approximately 0.8 (or slightly higher). This patient has a RQ of 0.97, which suggests that carbohydrate is her primary metabolic fuel.) ?The largest fraction of carbon dioxide in the blood is in the form of: a. carbamino compounds b. bicarbonate c. dissolved gas d. carboxyhemoglobin b (bicarbonate Nearly 90% of carbon dioxide in the blood is in the form of bicarbonate. ?When given in equipotent doses, which of the following opioids would have the GREATEST spread when given in the epidural space? a. Hydromorphone b. Fentanyl c. Morphine d. Sufentanil c. (morphine In general terms, when administered in the epidural space, the “spread” of an opioid is directly proportional to its hydrophilicity. The more hydrophilic the opioid, the greater the spread; the more lipophilic the opioid, the lesser the spread. Of the opioids listed, morphine is the most hydrophilic and would thus be expected to have the greatest spread when administered in the epidural space.) ?The number of dichotomous divisions of the tracheobronchial tree from the trachea to the alveolar sacs is approximately: (Dichotomous division, each branch dividing into two smaller branches, of the tracheobronchial tree is estimated to involve 20 – 25 divisions. Nagelhout, JJ, and Plaus, KL. Nurse Anesthesia. St. Louis: Elsevier) ?A 52-year-old man with a large meningioma presents for craniotomy and resection of his tumor. Which of the following agents is MOST likely to increase ICP in this patient? a. 1 mg/kg lidocaine IV b. 2 mg/kg propofol IV c. 8% sevoflurane mask induction d. 10 mg/kg vecuronium IV c. (8% sevoflurane mask induction All intravenous induction agents (except ketamine) decrease the cerebral metabolic rate (CMR) and thus decrease cerebral blood flow and intracranial pressure (ICP) through CMR-CBF coupling. Intravenous lidocaine has a negligible effect on ICP, although it can attenuate the increase in ICP that may occur with laryngoscopy. Vecuronium, like most non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers, has a negligible effect on ICP. It should be noted that pancuronium can increase ICP in patients with space-occupying lesions. All potent volatile anesthetics are direct cerebral vasodilators and can thus increase ICP, especially in patients with space-occupying lesions and altered intracranial elastance.) ?Which of the following syndromes is MOST closely associated with Pierre Robin Sequence? a. Apert b. Crouzon c. Goldenhar d. Stickler d (Stickler Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) has a variable presentation. It may be isolated and not associated with a syndrome or it may be associated with a syndrome. The most common syndromes associated with PRS are Stickler, Treacher-Collins, Velocardiofacial, and fetal alcohol syndrome. Goldenhar is a craniofacial anomaly with hypoplasia of one half of the facial skeleton but it is not associated with PRS. Apert and Crouzon are both syndromes with craniosynostosis (abnormal fusion of one or more of the craniofacial sutures) but they are also not associated with PRS.) Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) is characterized by: 1) Small mandible (micrognathia); 2) Posterior displacement of the tongue (glossoptosis); and, 3) Airway obstruction. It is often, but not always associated with a cleft lip and/or palate. Pierre Robin is called a “sequence” (as opposed to a “syndrome”) because everything occurs as a result of mandibular undergrowth in utero. Pierre Robin sequence may occur in isolation, but is often associated with an underlying disorder. The most common syndromes associated with PRS are Stickler syndrome, velocardiofacial syndrome, and Treacher-Collins syndrome. Stickler syndrome is a connective tissue disorder caused by abnormal collagen types II and IX and has autosomal dominant inheritance. It is characterized by “flat” facial appearance with a small nose secondary to midface hypertrophy. Also, extreme myopia and prominent eyes, glaucoma, hearing loss, arthritis, and other problems. ?Neuroleptic malignant syndrome: a. can be precipitated with the use of metoclopramide b. carries a mortality of over 80% c. can be treated with physostigmine administration d. can be diagnosed with muscle biopsy a (can be precipitated with the use of metoclopramide Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a rare complication of antipsychotic therapy. Meperidine and metoclopramide can also precipitate the disorder which appears to be secondary to dopamine blockade in the basal ganglia. The disease has many characteristics in common with MH including increased temperature, metabolic derangement and hyperthermia. The mortality is 20 – 30%. Treatment with dantrolene and dopamine agonist, bromocripitine, appears effective. ?the following statements regarding informed consent and peripheral nerve blockade is MOST correct? a. Physicians are required by law to discuss any complications occurring with frequencies > 1:10,000 b. In practice, physicians’ discussions of risks and benefits are often inconsistent with the literature c. Peripheral nerve injury is the only mandatory element of informed consent discussions prior to regional anesthesia d. Preoperative anxiety on the part of the patient is an acceptable reason to omit discussions of risks and benefits of regional anesthesia a. (Physicians are required by law to discuss any complications occurring with frequencies > 1:10,000) ?A 36-year-old female is scheduled for an elective cholecystectomy. Her past medical history is significant for depression treated with phenelzine (Nardil). Her anesthetic plan should include: (Select 2) a. discontinuation of phenelzine for at least 2 weeks prior to surgery b. the avoidance of indirect acting vasopressors c. the avoidance of propofol d. the avoidance of meperidine e. the avoidance of nitrous oxide f. the avoidance of volatile anesthetics b, d (the avoidance of meperidine, the avoidance of indirect acting vasopressors Phenelzine is a monamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor. The practice of discontinuing MAO inhibitors prior to surgery is no longer recommended. The use of meperidine in patients receiving MAO inhibitors has been associated with hypertensive crisis and should be avoided. Additionally, indirect acting vasopressors have also been associated with hypertensive crisis and direct acting vasopressors should be used to treat hypotension. ?Following an interscalene block, a patient undergoing right wrist surgery reports pain along the ulnar aspect of distal forearm. The MOST likely explanation for this is inadequate spread of local anesthetic to which of the following nerve roots? a. C3-C4 nerve roots b. C5-C6 nerve roots c. C6-C7 nerve roots d. C8-T1 nerve roots d. (C8-T1 nerve roots The C8-T1 nerve roots join the brachial plexus more caudally and so are frequently spared during interscalene blockade. Thus interscalene may not be appropriate for procedures of the distal, ulnar aspects of the upper extremity.) ?Renal blood flow: (Select 2) a. is largely determined by renal oxygen consumption b. accounts for 20 – 25% of the cardiac output c. is distributed mostly to juxtamedullary nephrons d. can be directed away from cortical nephrons by sympathetic stimulation e. is not autoregulated b, d. (accounts for 20 – 25% of the cardiac output, can be directed away from cortical nephrons by sympathetic stimulation The kidneys are the only organ for which oxygen consumption is determined by blood flow; the reverse is true in other organs. The kidneys receive 20 – 25% of the cardiac output with only 10 – 15% going to the juxtamedullary nephrons and 80% going to cortical nephrons. However, blood flow can be redirected to juxtamedullary nephrons by increased levels of catecholamines and angiotensin II. Autoregulation of RBF occurs between mean arterial pressures of 80 – 180 mm Hg. ?After ?completing a transarterial axillary block, a patient reports continued sensation over the lateral aspect of the distal forearm. Which of area has MOST likely failed to come in contact with local anesthetic? a. Area posterior to the axillary artery b. Area anterior to the axillary artery c. Area in the coracobrachialis muscle d. Area under the skin in the medial aspect of the upper arm b. (Area anterior to the axillary artery The sensory nerve of the lateral aspect of the forearm is the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve, which is a terminal branch of the musculocutaneous nerve. The musculocutaneous nerve runs in the body of the coracobrachialis muscle in the axilla.) ?An Axillary block is performed at which level of the brachial plexus? a. Trunks b. Divisions c. Cords d. Branches d. (The axillary block is performed at the level of the terminal branches) ?The body mass index (BMI) associated with morbid obesity is: a. > 30 b. > 35 c. > 40 d. > 45 c (> 40 (Overweight and obesity are classified using the BMI. Overweight is defined as a BMI > 24, obesity as a BMI > 30, morbid obesity as a BMI > 40, super obesity as a BMI > 50 and super-super obesity as a BMI > 60. BMI is calculated with the following formula: BMI = Weight (kg) / Height (meters)2 Nagelhout, JJ, and Plaus, KL. Nurse Anesthesia. St. Louis: Elsevier,) ?A year-old, 94-kg man underwent ultrasound-guided supraclavicular blockade for a 3-hour right wrist surgery. 40 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine was injected under ultrasound visualization. In the recovery room, the patient reports that his breathing “does not feel normal” and you also notice that his pupil diameter is unequal with the right pupil being smaller. Vital signs include: HR 70 bpm, BP 119/70 mmHg, SpO2 98% on room air. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate next step? a. Initiate an intralipid infusion b. Obtain an upright chest X-ray c. Perform a needle decompression d. Reassure the patient that he is fine d. (Reassure the patient that he is fine Although pneumothorax is possible during ultrasound supraclavicular blockade, it is a very rare occurrence. Using a traditional landmark-based supraclavicular block technique, it is estimated that pneumothorax occurred in 0.5% to 5% of patients. The rate is likely significantly lower under ultrasound guidance. The most common side effects during supraclavicular block are Horner’s syndrome (ipsilateral eye ptosis, miosis and anhydrosis) and phrenic nerve blockade. These are estimated to occur in 30% to 50% of supraclavicular blocks and are more likely when local anesthetic volumes >20 ml are used.) ?The dibucaine number: a. is normally less than 60% b. is a quantitative assessment of pseudocholinesterase activity c. is inversely proportional to pseudocholinesterase function d. reflects inhibition of pseudocholinesterase by dibucaine d (reflects inhibition of pseudocholinesterase by dibucaine Dibucaine, a local anesthetic, inhibits normal pseudocholinesterase. Homozygous patients with abnormal pseudocholinesterase characteristically have a dibucaine number of about 20%, heterozygous patients have numbers of 40 – 60% and normal patients usually have a dibucaine number of 80%. The dibucaine number is proportional to pseudocholinesterase function, but is independent of the amount of the enzyme. ?formula for systemic vascular resistance (SVR)? a. [80(MAP — CVP)]/CO b. [80(MAP — PCWP)]/CO c. [80(PAmean — PCWP)]/CO d. [80(PAmean — CVP)]/CO a. ([80(MAP — CVP)]/CO The basic principle of calculating resistance is derived from Ohm’s Law: I = V/R Ohm’s Law states that the current or flow between two points is directly proportional to the potential difference across the two points, divided by the resistance. Thus, cardiac output (flow) will be proportional to the difference in pressure (MAP – CVP), divided by the systemic vascular resistance (SVR). This yields: CO = (MAP – CVP)/SVR Thus: SVR = (MAP — CVP)]/CO SVR is typically multiplied by 80 to yield an answer in dynessec/cm5. Normal systemic vascular resistance is 800-1500 dynessec/cm5) ?35-year-old patient with severe acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP or Guillain-Barre Syndrome) becomes bradycardic during endotracheal tube suctioning. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause and MOST appropriate treatment? a. Pulmonary embolus; heparin b. Dysautonomia; transvenous pacing c. Mucous plugging; bronchoscopy d. Acute right coronary artery infarction with conduction abnormalities; PTCA (Dysautonomia is common in severe Guillain-Barre Syndrome. GBS is treated with plasmapheresis or intravenous immunoglobulin initially and then the care becomes supportive. In the setting of severe dysautonomia causing asystole, transvenous pacing may be required. Isoproterenol infusion (or another appropriate chronotrope) can be tried, as can prophylactic atropine prior to patient care maneuvers that would stimulate a vagal response (suctioning, turning, etc.). As a reminder, succinylcholine is contraindicated in this patient population.) ?A 20-year-old woman is admitted to the ICU with refractory status epilepticus (new onset refractory status epilepticus [NORSE]). Treatment with levetiracetam and a midazolam infusion at 0.5mg/kg/hr is initiated. Continuous EEG reveals no seizures. A brain MRI with and without contrast is normal. Which of the following diagnostic tests is MOST appropriate at this time? a. CT perfusion study to obtain quantitative cerebral blood flow measurements b. Somatosensory and motor evoked potential studies c. Lumbar puncture for cerebrospinal fluid analysis d. Transcranial Doppler examination to rule out vasospasm c. (LP In a patient with new onset seizures, a central nervous system infection must be ruled out immediately so that any appropriate antimicrobial therapy can be started. CSF analysis for cell count, protein, glucose, gram stain, and culture is the basic approach. PCR analysis for herpes simplex virus (HSV) should be performed. In immunocompromised patients, such as those with HIV disease, other viral and opportunistic infections must be considered. Finally, in young patients with new onset refractory status epilepticus, autoimmune encephalitis must be strongly considered and aggressively evaluated and treated.) ?20-year-old woman is admitted to the ICU, intubated, with refractory status epilepticus (new onset refractory status epilepticus [NORSE]). A non-contrast head CT is normal. Treatment with levetiracetam 1000 mg every 12 hours and a midazolam infusion at 0.5 mg/kg/hr. The patient has intermittent facial blinking movements and stereotyped grimacing. What is the MOST appropriate next step in her management? a. Add phenytoin b. Add a ketamine infusion c. Continuous EEG monitoring d. Continue current therapy c. (Continuous EEG monitoring In this setting, you must determine whether the cerebral seizure activity has stopped. The patient’s movements could be from ongoing seizures but could also be from non-epileptic subcortical or brainstem myoclonic movements. EEG monitoring is indicated.) ?Effects of lidocaine include: a. increased intracranial pressure b. increased refractory period of cardiac muscle c. decreased fibrinolysis d. myonecrosis d. (myonecrosis Intravenous lidocaine decreases cerebral blood flow unless seizure activity develops. Lidocaine decreases the refractory period of cardiac muscle and decreases platelet aggregation while enhancing fibrinolysis. Local anesthetics have been shown to cause lytic degeneration and necrosis of muscle fibers when directly injected into the muscle (trigger point injections). ?Which of the following confirmatory tests is mandatory when declaring brain death? a. Cerebral angiography demonstrating no cerebral blood flow b. EEG demonstrating electrocerebral silence c. TCD demonstrating loss of cerebral blood flow d. (none of the above Brain death is a clinical diagnosis and confirmatory testing is not mandatory. Patients must have the following: 1) Have an appropriate clinical scenario and imaging findings; 2) Free of neuromuscular blockers and drugs that depress the central nervous system; 3) Normothermic; 4) Clinical neurologic examination demonstrating unresponsive coma and absence of cranial nerve reflexes; 5) Apnea testing demonstrating no spontaneous respirations in the presence of a PCO2 >60mmHg) ?The elimination half-life of a drug: a. is inversely proportional to the clearance b. is inversely proportional to the volume of distribution c. is directly proportional to clearance d. is shortest in drugs that are rapidly redistributed A (is inversely proportional to the clearance The elimination half-life of a drug is proportional to the volume of distribution and inversely proportional to the rate of clearance. ?A patient with severe traumatic brain injury has been in the ICU for five days. He is comatose. He has been treated with pentobarbital for ICP control and continuous EEG monitoring shows burst suppression, with approximately 1 second of activity every 10 seconds (90% suppression ratio). He develops copious urine output accompanied by rising serum sodium levels. What is the MOST likely cause of this and what is the treatment? a. Brain death; withdrawal of life support b. Intracranial hypertension; mannitol c. Pentobarbital; vasopressin infusion d. Pentobarbital; normal saline infusion c. (Pentobarbital; vasopressin infusion In this scenario, the patient has developed central diabetes insipidus (DI). This could be caused by either pentobarbital-induced neurohypophysis dysfunction or to hypothalamic-pituitary infarction from cessation of cerebral blood flow (i.e., brain death). Brain death is less likely given the persistence of burst activity on the EEG. The DI must be treated with vasopressin infusion (or ddAVP [desmopressin]). Cerebral blood flow evaluation with a modality such as transcranial Doppler (TCD) is reasonable to rule out critical or total cessation of cerebral blood flow. Euvolemia must be maintained. An otherwise healthy 61-year-old woman is in the operating room for the placement of an intramedullary rod after a femur fracture 2 days ago. During reaming, her SpO2 falls from 98% to 85% on FiO2 0.5, she develops sinus tachycardia to 120 bpm and her blood pressure is currently 65/40 mmHg. Which of the following would you MOST expect to see on an intraoperative transesophageal echocardiogram? a. Anterolateral regional wall dyskinesis b. Global left ventricular hypokinesis c. Patent foramen ovale d. Right ventricular dilation d. (RV dilation A history of trauma to long bones or an orthopedic procedure with intramedullary reaming of the bone may result in fat embolism syndrome. In a patient under general anesthesia, the signs are few but include hypoxia, increased A-a gradient, tachycardia, and a petechial rash on the upper body. If the fat embolism is large enough, fat, blood components and bony particles travel via the venous system to the right side of the heart and become lodged in the pulmonary arteries, causing increased afterload against which the right ventricle must pump. The right ventricle acutely dilates and fails as it is accustomed to performing low pressure, volume work. This causes the interventricular septum to bulge into the left ventricle and reduce the stroke volume being pumped to the systemic circulation (thus reducing arterial systemic blood pressure). It is not uncommon, if a patient has a patent foramen ovale (PFO), for debris to cross from right to left via the opening, but a PFO is not specific to fat embolism syndrome. Hypokinesis and dyskinesis of parts of the left ventricle occur with myocardial ischemia, which is not usually part of the initial response to fat embolism.) The formation of active metabolites has NOT been associated with the use of: a. vecuronium c. pancuronium b. (rocuronium The 3-OH metabolites of both vecuronium and pancuronium possess about 50% of the neuromuscular blocking activity of parent compound. Succinylcholine is metabolized to choline, succinic acid and succinylmonocholine. Succinylmonocholine also has some neuromuscular blocking activity. A small amount of rocuronium is metabolized to the 17-OH compound, which lacks activity. Most rocuronium is excreted by the kidneys and liver as intact drug. pg. 535-538 Which of the following neurotransmitters is MOST commonly used by preganglionic sympathetic neurons at sympathetic ganglia? a. Acetylcholine b. Dopamine c. Epinephrine d. Norepinephrine a. (ACh Both sympathetic and parasympathetic PREganglionic neurons are cholinergic and thus release acetylcholine as the neurotransmitter. Most POSTganglionic sympathetic neurons are adrenergic and release norepinephrine; however, some are cholinergic such as the nerves that innervate sweat glands. Most POSTganglionic parasympathetic neurons are and thus release acetylcholine.) The area of myocardium most vulnerable to ischemia is the: a. left ventricular epicardium b. right ventricular epicardium c. left ventricular subendocardium d. right ventricular subendocardium c. (left ventricular subendocardium The subendocardium of the left ventricle is most vulnerable to ischemia since this is an area of greater systolic shortening. In addition, left ventricular subendocardium perfusion is almost entirely restricted to diastole, in contrast to the subendocardium of the right ventricle that receives most of its perfusion during systole. 63-year-old woman with a six-month history of headache and visual disturbances is diagnosed with a non-functioning pituitary macroadenoma. Serum levels of which following hormones is MOST likely to be elevated in this patient? a. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) b. Growth hormone (GH) c. Prolactin d. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) c. (Prolactin The mass effects of an expanding pituitary tumor are well-characterized. Many patients complain of a headache. Patients with macroadenomas may complain of visual loss (classically temporal or bitemporal hemianopsia) from compression of the optic chiasm. Compression of the normal pituitary gland by the tumor can cause anterior pituitary compression and dysfunction, resulting in hypopituitarism and low levels of ACTH, TSH, GH, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). Patients may become hyperprolactinemic secondary to a loss of tonic inhibition of prolactin secretion. ) During the delivery of an inhalation anesthetic using 6.5% desflurane in oxygen, nitrous oxide is introduced into the gas mixture. The effect of the addition of nitrous oxide on the concentration of desflurane delivered is: a. to cause an increase in desflurane concentration b. to cause a decrease in desflurane concentration c. to cause no change in desflurane concentration d. variable, depending on the ambient atmospheric pressure b. (to cause a decrease in desflurane concentration When a carrier gas other than 100% oxygen is used, a clear trend toward reduction in the desflurane vaporizer output is seen. This effect is thought to be secondary to the change in gas viscosity that occurs with the introduction of nitrous oxide and is most pronounced at low-flow rates. A reduction of as much as 20% may be produced. Which of the following is LEAST likely to be a risk factor for the development of postherpetic neuralgia? a. Age > 60 years b. Corticosteroid administration c. Female sex d. Severe acute pain b (Corticosteroid administration Advanced age has consistently been demonstrated to be associated with an increased risk of postherpetic neuralgia. Postherpetic neuralgia is more frequently observed in women and Jung et al. found female sex to be strongly associated with postherpetic neuralgia. Patients with more severe acute pain have an increased risk to develop postherpetic neuralgia. Corticosteroids may be added to antiviral therapy during the acute phase and may reduce acute pain; however, the impact of corticosteroids on the incidence of postherpetic neuralgia remains uncertain.) In the adrenal gland, mineralocorticoids are secreted by the: a. zona reticularis b. zona glomerulosa c. zona fasciculata d. adrenal medula b. (zona glomerulosa The zona glomerulosa chiefly secrets mineralocorticoids. The zona reticularis is responsible for secreting sex hormones. Finally, the zona fasciulata secretes glucocorticoids. The adrenal medula secretes catecholamines, mainly epinephrine. Yao, FS, Fontes, ML, Malhotra, V. Yao and Artusio’s Anesthesiology. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2008.) Renal effects of nitrous oxide include: a. decreased renal blood flow secondary to decreased cardiac output b. decreased renal blood flow secondary to increased renal vascular resistance c. increased renal blood flow secondary to sympathetic stimulation d. increased glomerular filtration with increased reabsorption b (decreased renal blood flow secondary to increased renal vascular resistance Nitrous oxide appears to decrease renal blood flow by increasing renal vascular resistance. This results in decreased glomerular filtration and decreased urine output. ?Sinus tachycardia typically shortens which phase of diastole the most? a. Atrial systole b. Diastasis (slow filling) c. Early inflow (rapid filling) d. Isovolemic relaxation b. (diastasis The length of diastasis is dependent most upon heart rate. At rates higher than 100 beats per minute, it is almost completely abolished when looking at mitral inflow velocities using Doppler echocardiography.) ?Which of the following is MOST correct regarding the neonatal airway? a. The epiglottis is typically more broad and rigid compared to an adult b. The larynx is described as funnel-shaped c. The position of the larynx is typically more caudad than an adult d. The tongue occupies more space in the adult relative to a neonate b. (The larynx is described as funnel-shaped The neonatal larynx is typically described as located more cephalad compared to an adult (c3-4, versus c5-6). Neonatal tongues are relatively larger and their epiglottis is “omega-shaped” and floppier compared to those of adults. The neonatal airway has been described as “funnel-shaped” compared to the “column-shaped” airway of an adult and although its narrowest portion has classically been described as being at the cricoid cartilage, this concept has been recently challenged.) ?Closing capacity is defined as: a. closing volume + expiratory reserve volume b. functional residual capacity – residual volume c. closing volume + residual volume d. residual volume + expiratory reserve volume c. (closing volume + residual volume Closing capacity is the lung volume at which airways begin to close and is defined as the closing volume + residual volume. ?You are taking care of a 3 kg neonate having an inguinal hernia repair. The NICU has started intravenous fluids at 12 ml/hr. What would be the MOST appropriate intravenous fluid for maintenance fluid management this patient? a. Lactated Ringer’s b. D 2.5% c. D 5% d. D 10% d. D10% (Preoperatively, most newborns receive an IV infusion containing 5% to 10% dextrose. In general, an infusion rate for dextrose of 4 to 7 mg/kg per minute maintains normoglycemia in both full-term and preterm infants. This neonate requires 1080 mg/hr dextrose (6 mg/kg/min x 3 kg x 60 min= 1080 mg/hr). 10% dextrose contains 100 mg/ml of glucose. 10% dextrose at 4 mL/kg per hour equals 1200 mg/hr of dextrose. Occasionally administering this amount of glucose produces hyperglycemia, and the infused concentration of glucose must be reduced, usually to 2.5% dextrose.) ?Postintubation croup: a. is secondary to inflammation of subglottic structures b. is less common when cuffed endotracheal tubes are used c. occurs most frequently in infants less than 4 months of age d. is most often seen immediately a. (is secondary to inflammation of subglottic structures Postintubation croup usually occurs at the level of the cricoid, since this is the narrowest part of the pediatric airway. Croup is less common with endotracheal tubes that are uncuffed and small enough to allow a gas leak at 10 – 25 cm H2O. Postintubation croup is associated with early childhood (1 – 4 years). Unlike laryngospasm, postintubation croup is seen some time after extubation, usually within 3 hours. ?An euvolemic 20 kg 4-year-old boy presents emergently to the operating room with a small bowel perforation. The procedure is performed with a laparotomy and there is minimal blood loss. Assuming there was no preoperative fluid deficit, what would be the MOST appropriate volume of intravenous fluid administration during the surgical procedure? a. 60 ml/hr b. 120 ml/hr c. 180 ml/hr d. 360 ml/hr a. (60 ml/hr This patient’s fluid requirements include the preoperative deficit, maintenance rate, blood loss, and third space volume loss. This is emergency surgery so there is little to no preoperative deficit. His maintenance requirement is based on the 4-2-1 rule: (4 cc/kg/hr x 1st 10 kg) + (2 cc/kg/hr x 2nd 10 kg) = 40 + 20 = 60 ml/hr. He has peritonitis from his ruptured appendicitis and likely has increased third space fluid loss. These losses may be in the range of 5-10 ml/kg/hr. For this patient, 100-200 cc/hr will most likely cover his third space losses. There is minimal blood. The total fluid requirement for this patient, for this procedure, is approximately 160-260 ml/hr.) b. (a PaCO2 of 49 mm Hg on room air Split lung function testing is indicated in patients requiring pneumonectomy, but not meeting the recomme nded laboratory criteria. Current recommendations for patients requiring pneumonectomy are: ?You are managing anemia in a 3-day-old neonate. Which of the following most accurately reflects the hemoglobin equivalent for tissue delivery in the neonate, infant, and adult? d. (Neonate: 14 g/dl; Infant 8 g/dl; Adult 10 g/dl Dr. Motoyama described a hemoglobin requirement for equivalent tissue oxygen delivery for neonates, infants and adults based on the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin. The hemoglobin required to transport an equivalent amount of oxygen is 14-15 g/dl for the neonate, 8 g/dl for the infant, and 10 g/dl for the adult) a,d, (impaired renal function, increased incidence of wound infection Deleterious effects of hypothermia include: ?The primary causative factor in the development of persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPH) in the neonate is: d. right-to-left shunting through a patent e. ductus arteriosus c. (hypoxemia c. (atrial filling Interpleural analgesia can be accomplished by placing local anesthetic: a. along the cephalad border of the T6 rib b. immediately deep to the parietal pleura c. immediately deep to the visceral pleura d. superficial to the internal intercostal muscle b (immediately deep to the parietal pleura Interpleural analgesia is accomplished by placing an catheter between the parietal and visceral pleura. A loss-of-resistance technique is most commonly used at the T6 to T8 intercostal spaces, or the catheter can be placed under direct vision by the surgeon. Pneumothorax is a significant complication if the needle or catheter penetrates the visceral pleura. b (can precipitate pulmonary edema ?During mediastinoscopy the risk of air embolization is greatest: b. (during spontaneous ventilation d. (cardiac muscle cells a,b,e. (pancuronium, esmolol, metoclopramide b. (valerian c. (increased intrapulmonary shunting ?Sympathetic blockade during acute herpes zoster has been shown to: a. increase analgesic requirements b. reduce the incidence of postherpetic neuralgia c. increase the need for corticosteroid therapy d. be an effective treatment for patients who have had postherpetic neuralgia for a number of years b (reduce the incidence of postherpetic neuralgia Sympathetic blockade within 2 months of the onset of herpes zoster has been shown to significantly reduce analgesic requirements and reduce the incidence of postherpetic neuralgia. Once the neuralgia is established however, blocks are usually ineffective. Hypoxemia during one-lung anesthesia is most effectively treated by: a. PEEP applied to the ventilated lung b. continuous oxygen insufflation to the collapsed lung c. changing tidal volume and rate d. periodic inflation of the collapsed lung d. (periodic inflation of the collapsed lung The application of PEEP to the ventilated lung, changes in the ventilatory parameters and oxygen insufflation to the collapsed lung may offer marginal improvement in oxygenation. However, periodic inflation of the collapsed lung with oxygen, early ligation of the ipsilateral pulmonary artery and CPAP to the collapsed lung offer consistently effective improvement in oxygenation. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are used in the treatment of: a. acute glaucoma b. renal tubular acidosis c. diarrhea induced acidosis d. acidosis resulting from hypoventilation a (acute glaucoma Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors decrease the ability of the kidneys to reabsorb bicarbonate, resulting a hyperchloremic acidosis. As a result, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors would be avoided in patients with acidosis, especially a normal-anionic-gap acidosis. Because bicarbonate is filtered by the ciliary process in the formation of aqueous humor, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors reduce the formation of aqueous humor and can be used to decrease intraocular pressure. Causes of normal-anion-gap acidosis include: a. renal failure b. starvation c. diarrhea d. lactic acidosis c. (diarrhea Normal-anion-gap acidosis is also called hyperchloremic acidosis and results from the selective loss of bicarbonate anion or the introduction of large amounts of chloride anion. Common causes include: diarrhea, hypoaldosteronism, renal tubular acidosis and increased intake of chloride containing acids sometimes found in hyperalimentation. The recommended maximum leakage current allowed in operating room equipment is: a. 5 ?A b. 10 ?A c. 1 mA d. 5 mA b (10 ?A 10 ?A has been established as the recommended maximum allowable leakage current. This amount of current is below the threshold of perception (1mA) as well as below the threshold for risk of microshock. Pancreatic somatostatin producing cells in the Islets of Langerhans are: a. alpha cells b. beta cells c. gamma cells d. delta cells d (delta cells The Islets of Langerhans are comprised of four cell types: alpha cells producing glucagon, beta cells producing insulin, delta cells producing somatostatin and PP cells producing pancreatic polypeptide. “Pancreas.” URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/pancreas) Hormones released by the neurohypophysis are (two)? oxytocin, arginine vasopressin The neurohypophysis is another term for the posterior pituitary gland. The hormones of the neurohypophysis, oxytocin and arginine vasopressin (vasopressin, ADH), are synthesized in the hypothalamus and stored in the posterior pituitary. Stimulus for the release of arginine vasopressin arises from osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus that sense an increase in plasma osmolality. pp. 843, 846-847 The most consistent clinical manifestation of aspiration pneumonitis is: arterial hypoxemia Inhaled gastric fluid is rapidly distributed throughout the lungs, leading to destruction of surfactant-producing cells, damage to the pulmonary capillary endothelium and resultant atelectasis and pulmonary edema. Arterial hypoxemia is the most consistent clinical finding associated with aspiration pneumonitis. Tachypnea, bronchospasm and pulmonary vasoconstriction with secondary pulmonary hypertension may also be present. As compared with plasma osmolality, hypertonic crystalloid solutions include: a. D5 0.45NS b. LR c. D50.25NS a. (D5 0.45NS Normal plasma osmolality ranges between 280 – 290 mOsm/L. D5W is hypotonic in relation to plasma, with a tonicity of 253 mOsm/L. Both Ringer’s lactate and D5 0.25NS are isotonic solutions, with tonicities of 273 and 355 mOSm /L respectively. D5 0.45NS is hypertonic with a tonicity of 406 – 432 mOsm/L. T or F: the supine position decreases physiologic dead space. Dead space is comprised of gases in non-respiratory airways (anatomic dead space) as well as in alveoli that are not perfused (alveolar dead space). The sum of the two is known as physiologic dead space. Certain factors affect dead space. The supine position is known to decrease dead space, whereas anticholinergics, ?2-sympathomimetics, advancing age and COPD all increase dead space. T or F The incidence of headache with inadvertent dural puncture during epidural anesthesia is decreased with the use of fluid, instead of air, for loss of resistance. The use of fluid instead of air has been associated with a significant reduction in the incidence of postdural puncture headache (PDPH). Other factors associated with a reduced incidence of PDPH are: increasing age, insertion of the bevel aligned parallel to the long axis of the meninges and the use of smaller needles. There is no evidence that keeping the patient supine reduces the incidence of PDPH. A decrease in cholinesterase activity has been associated with: a. obesity b. thyrotoxicosis c. alcoholism d. burns d (burns Burns, liver disease, 3rd trimester of pregnancy, carcinoma, renal failure and collagen diseases as well as certain drug therapy have been associated with a decrease in cholinesterase activity. Increased cholinesterase activity has been associated with obesity, alcoholism, thyrotoxicosis, nephrosis, psoriasis and electro-convulsive therapy. The rate of seroconversion after exposure of mucous membranes to HIV-infected blood is approximately: b. 0.03% d. 0.09% d. (0.09% Percutaneous exposure (needle stick) carries a risk of HIV-seroconversion of approximately 0.3% or about 1:300. Mucous membrane exposure carries a risk of approximately 0.09% or about 1:1100. An 82-year-old female arrives to the OR for open reduction of a left intratrochanteric fracture. Significant past medical history includes hypertension, moderate aortic stenosis and dementia. The most appropriate anesthetic technique for this patient is: a. Neuraxial b. TIVA c. Balanced d. opioid-based d. (opioid-based general anesthesia In patients with mild to moderate aortic stenosis, a primarily opioid-based technique results in minimal cardiac depression, less tachycardia and suppression of the sympathetic response to surgical stimulation. These are all desired effects as HTN and tachycardia may precipitate ischemia in these patients. Spinal or epidural anesthesia as well as a volatile-agent-based anesthesia can cause a fall in afterload with resulting severe hypotension. A fresh E-cylinder of oxygen contains how many liters of oxygen? Local anesthetic solutions that are isobaric with the cerebrospinal fluid include: (Select 2) a.tetracaine 0.5% in 5% dextrose b. bupivacaine 0.75% in normal saline c. procaine 10% in sterile water d. lidocaine 2% in normal saline e. bupivacaine 0.3% in sterile water f. lidocaine 5% in 7.5% dextrose b, d ( Local anesthetic solutions that are isobaric with the cerebrospinal fluid include: bupivacaine 0.75% in normal saline, lidocaine 2% in saline Tetracaine: 0.5% in 5% dextrose Bupivacaine: 0.75% in 8.5% dextrose Lidocaine: 5% in 7.5% dextrose Procaine: 10% in water Isobaric Tetracaine: 0.5% in saline Bupivacaine: 0.75% in saline Bupivacaine: 0.5% in saline Lidocaine: 2% in saline Hyporbaric Tetracaine: 0.2% in water Bupivacaine: 0.3% in in water Lidocaine: 0.5% in in water In a 6-year-old, the appropriate length of an endotracheal tube from distal tip to incisors is: 15 – 16.5 cm Several formulas exist to estimate the length of ETT insertion in patients aged 2 to 12 years. One of the most frequently used is: Age/2 +12 MAC-BAR is the: partial pressure of an anesthetic at which autonomic blockade occurs (MAC-BAR is the minimum alveolar concentration that blocks autonomic reflexes. MAC-BAR is considerably greater than MAC, particularly in the absence of opioids. It has been estimated that MAC-BAR is approximately 50% above standard MAC. The speed in an inhalation induction is slowed by right-to-left shunting. The change in the rate of induction is LEAST pronounced when using: (With right-to-left shunting there is slowing of an inhalation induction. This effect is less pronounced with agents with high blood/gas solubilities. d. (burns After a CABG, a 65-year-old man is hypotensive upon weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass. The surgeon is considering insertion of an intraaortic balloon pump for counterpulsation. Which of the following represents the MOST significant contraindication to placement of an intraaortic balloon pump? a. Aneurysm of left ventricle b. Aortic atheroma c. Aortic regurgitation d. Aortic stenosis c. (AR Intraaortic balloon counterpulsation has been used for many years for patients with left ventricular failure. Indications for its use have grown in recent years. Still, it is most commonly used for patients in cardiogenic shock, post-myocardial infarction, severe myocarditis, cardiomyopathy, unstable angina refractory to medications, high grade left main coronary artery disease, failure to wean adequately from cardiopulmonary bypass, low cardiac output syndrome and as a short-term bridge to heart transplant. There are relatively few contraindications, including severe aortic regurgitation (AR) as the balloon inflates during diastole and would worsen AR and not improve coronary flow during diastole. Aortic dissection (difficult to place balloon in true lumen of aorta) and severe aortoiliac occlusive disease or peripheral vascular disease (high risk of limb ischemia) are also contraindications.) ?A 60-year-old man is undergoing a Type A aortic dissection repair under deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. His current temperature is 24°C and his uncorrected ABG shows pH 7.40, PaCO2 40 mmHg and PaO2 250 mmHg. Which of the following changes would you MOST expect If you were to adjust his ABG to his core body temperature of 24°C? a. PaCO2 increased, PaO2 increased b. PaCO2 decreased, PaO2 decreased c. PaCO2 increased, PaO2 decreased d. PaCO2 decreased, PaO2 increased b. (PaCO2 decreased, PaO2 decreased As temperature of blood decreases, the solubility of gases increases such that the partial pressure of CO2 and O2 decrease. Thus, a respiratory alkalosis develops as temperature decreases. The ABG appears normal at the temperature at which it is measured (37 °C) on the ABG machine; however, when corrected the patient’s core temperature of 24°C he will have a respiratory alkalosis with PaCO2 and PaO2 that are decreased compared to the normal.) ?Actuation of the oxygen flush valve delivers 100% oxygen at a rate of: a. 10 – 20 L/min b. 20 – 30 L/min c. 35 – 75 L/min d. 80 – 100 L/min c. (35 – 75 L/min The oxygen flush valve delivers 100% oxygen at a rate of 35 – 75 L/min with a pressure of 40 – 60 psi. The incidence of headache with inadvertent dural puncture during epidural anesthesia is decreased: A. with decreasing age B. By keeping the patient supine for more than 12 hours following puncture C. with the use of fluid, instead of air, for loss of resistance D. by inserting the needle with the bevel aligned perpendicular to the long axis C. (with the use of fluid, instead of air, for loss of resistance 55 year-old man presents with chest pain, hypotension, and cardiogenic shock. He has sustained an acute inferior wall myocardial infarction complicated by a papillary muscle rupture. Which of the following associated findings is MOST consistent with his clinical presentation? A. Dilated left atrium B. Dilated right atrium C. Mitral regurgitation D. Tricuspid regurgitation C. (MR Rupture of a papillary muscle is a rare but often devastating consequence of acute myocardial infarction. It is rare that the anterolateral papillary muscle will rupture due to a dual blood supply from branches of both the left anterior descending (first diagonal) and the left circumflex (first obtuse marginal) arteries. In the case of an inferior wall myocardial infarction, the posteromedial papillary muscle has higher risk of rupture due to its single blood supply from the right coronary artery. Papillary muscle rupture is associated with severe acute mitral regurgitation and because it happens acutely there is not enough time for the left atrium to dilate in order to compensate for the increased left atrial pressure and mitral regurgitant flow.) Factors decreasing physiologic dead space include: A. the supine position B. anticholinergic agents C. increasing age D. emphysema A. (the supine position Which of the following is the LARGEST branch of the lumbar plexus? A. Femoral nerve B. Lateral femoral cutaneous C. Sciatic nerve D. Obturator nerve A. (femoral nerve is the largest branch of the lumbar plexus and arises from the posterior division of the ventral rami of L2-L4.) A. D5W B. Ringer’s lactate C. D5 0.25NS D. D5 0.45 NS D. (D5 0.45NS Which of the following BEST estimates the incidence of epidural spread following a lumbar plexus (psoas) block ? Epidural spread following a lumbar plexus block is not uncommon. The incidence of epidural spread has been reported to range from 1.8%-16%.) Selective adrenergic stimulation of the ?2-receptor results in: A. increased heart rate B. increased insulin secretion C. detrusor muscle contraction D. pupillary constriction B (increased insulin secretion ?2-receptor stimulation results in: increased insulin secretion, bronchodilation, increased salivary gland secretion, decreased upper GI motility, gluconeogenesis, pupillary dilation and detrusor muscle relaxation. Increased heart rate is a result of ?1-receptor stimulation. Pupillary constriction (miosis) is the result of parasympathetic stimulation. Which of the following is LEAST likely a potential complication of lumbar plexus block? A. Intrathecal or epidural spread of local anesthetics B. Foot drop 3 days after catheter removal C. Local anesthetic toxicity due to intravascular injection of local anesthetic D. Retroperitoneal hematoma in the setting of anticoagulation B (Foot drop 3 days after catheter removal Injury to the sciatic nerve would be a very unlikely complication of psoas blockade. With variable incidence, the other complications listed have been well documented.) Pathophysiologic changes associated with hypercortisolism include: (Select 2) A. hyperkalemia B. plasma volume depletion C. metabolic alkalosis D. hypoglycemia F. osteoporosis G. hyponatremia C, F (metabolic alkalosis, osteoporosis The clinical picture of hypercortisolism includes central obesity, hypertension, glucose intolerance, weakness, bruising and osteoporosis. Mineralocorticoid effects include fluid retention and hypokalemic alkalosis. You are in the maintenance phase of a 6-hour anesthetic for craniotomy for the resection of a craniopharyngioma. Urine output abruptly increases to over 1 liter/hour. What is the most appropriate next step in this patient’s management? A. Maintain euvolemia and watch the base deficit B. Maintain euvolemia and check serial serum sodium levels C. Reduce fluid administration to reduce urine output D. Target hypervolemia by keeping ahead of urine output B (Maintain euvolemia and check serial serum sodium levels In this scenario, the anesthesiologist must be concerned about central diabetes insipidus. Euvolemia must be maintained and serum sodium followed (generally every 30-60 min) to look for rising sodium levels.) A. bronchospasm B. arterial hypoxemia C. pulmonary vasoconstriction D. tachypnea B (arterial hypoxemia A patient with a cerebral tumor and seizure disorder is being treated with phenobarbital for seizure prophylaxis. Which of the following is the MOST likely anesthetic implication of chronic phenobarbital? A. Etomidate is contraindicated B. Propofol is contraindicated C. Slower metabolism of hepatically metabolized drugs D. Rapid metabolism of hepatically metabolized drugs D (Rapid metabolism of hepatically metabolized drugs Phenobarbital, primidone (which is converted to phenobarbital), phenytoin, and carbamazepine are potent hepatic enzyme inducers. The most noticeable effect is the short duration of clinical effect with the aminosteroid neuromuscular blocking agents (i.e., vecuronium, rocuronium) A full-term, 4.2 kg neonate is scheduled for a thoracotomy for resection of congenital lobar emphysema. The infant’s starting hematocrit is 48%. Estimated allowable blood loss to maintain a hematocrit at or above 38% is: numerical answer 70 – 110 mL The full-term neonate has approximately 85 ml/kg total blood volume. Therefore: 4.2 kg x 85 ml/kg = 357 ml (blood volume) MABL = Blood Volume x (HCT(starting) – HCT(final)) / HCT(average) 357 ml x (48 – 38) / 43 = 83 mL Please note that multiple formulas exist for the calculation of allowable blood loss, which may yield varying results. pp. 1165, 1171 A 55-year-old man is admitted with progressively worsening headache. Non-contrast head CT suggests cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and the diagnosis is confirmed by CT venography. He is treated with intravenous heparin but becomes more somnolent. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate management at this time? A. Add argatroban (direct thrombin inhibitor) B. Repeat head CT and send for endovascular therapy C. Add a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor D. Increase heparin infusion to target a higher PTT B ( This patient has progressive neurologic decline despite therapeutic anticoagulation. Venous infarctions, which can frequently become hemorrhagic, are common. Repeating the head CT to rule out intra-cerebral hemorrhage (most commonly from venous infarction) and/or large ischemic infarction is the most appropriate immediate step. There is no high level evidence to guide subsequent therapeutic decisions. Most neurointensivists and neurointerventionalists would opt for endovascular therapy (catheter directed thrombolysis and/or mechanical clot disruption) in this setting.) Hormones released by the neurohypophysis include: (Select 2) A. thryotropin B. growth hormone C. arginine vasopressin D. adrenocorticotropic hormone E. follicle stimulating hormone F. oxytocin G. prolactin H. luteinizing hormone C, F (oxytocin, arginine vasopressin During a craniotomy, a patient develops intraoperative diabetes insipidus. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of central diabetes insipidus and what is the MOST appropriate treatment? A. Medullary compression; vasopressin B. Pontine injury; vasopressin C. Hypertonic saline; diuresis D. Hypophyseal injury; vasopressin D (Hypophyseal injury; vasopressin. Central diabetes insipidus is due to injury to the neurohypophysis and subsequent reduction in vasopressin secretion. Clinically, patients have high volume dilute urine with a rising serum sodium. Patients with chronic untreated diabetes insipidus must drink large volumes of liquid to compensate. Treatment is generally with nasal ddAVP. Acute diabetes insipidus in the operating room or ICU is usually initially treated with intravenous vasopressin or ddAVP.) D. (delta cells hours after total thyroidectomy, a patient is found to be obtunded and cyanotic. The patient’s SpO2 is 70%. What is the MOST likely etiology of this clinical deterioration? A. Acute hypocalcemia B. Bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve injury C. Postoperative hematoma D. Tracheomalacia C (Postoperative hematoma compressive hematoma is the most common cause of airway obstruction 24 hours after thyroidectomy. Acute hypocalcemia typically manifests 24 to 48 hours postoperatively with laryngeal stridor and airway obstruction. Prior to stridor, the patient may complain of a tingling sensation in the lips and fingers. If recurrent laryngeal nerve damage occurs, it is more likely to be unilateral and present with hoarseness. If both recurrent laryngeal nerves were severed, severe airway obstruction occurs immediately. Hematoma is the most common cause of airway obstruction within 24 hours of a thyroidectomy. The definitive treatment of a hematoma is opening the surgical incision to evacuate the hematoma and relieve the airway obstruction.) 10 hours after total thyroidectomy, a patient is found to be obtunded and cyanotic. The patient’s SpO2 is 70%. What is the MOST likely etiology of this clinical deterioration? Congenital heart diseases associate with right-to-left shunting include: (Select 3) A. tricuspid atresia B. hypoplastic left heart syndrome C. aortopulmonary window D. patent ductus arteriosus E. tetralogy of Fallot F. subvalvular aortic stenosis G. ventricular septal defects H. atrial septal defect A, b, E (tricuspid atresia, hypoplastic left heart syndrome, tetralogy of Fallot Right-to-left shunting (cyanotic) heart disease is associated with: Tetrology of Fallot, pulmonary atresia, triscupid atresia, transposition of the great vessels, truncus arteriosus, single ventricle, double-outlet ventricle, total anomalous pulmonary venous return and hypoplastic left heart. With tricuspid atresia, blood can flow out of the right atrium only via a patent foramen ovale (PFO). A PDA or VSD is necessary for the blood to flow from the left ventricle to the pulmonary circulation. C (diarrhea Which of the following is the narrowest portion of the pediatric airway? A. Cricoid ring B. Glottic opening C. Nasal opening D. Posterior pharynx B (glottis opening This is a challenging question that few people answer correctly! Most anesthesiologists think that the narrowest part of the pediatric airways is the cricoid ring, which is no longer thought to be true. Classically, the cricoid ring has been described as the narrowest part of the pediatric airway. Recent studies by Litman and Dalal measured airway dimensions in anesthetized children. They have shown that the glottic opening is the narrowest part of the pediatric airway, like the adult. Nevertheless, the cricoid ring is fixed, non-distensible, and prone to edema formation with a large endotracheal tube. A small change in airway diameter from edema contributes significantly to airway resistance in a pediatric (small) airway.) What is the MOST likely position of the larynx in a normal full term infant? A. C2-C3 B. C3-C4 C. C4-C5 D. C5-C6 B ( C3-C4 position of the larynx in the full term infant is C3-C4. The position in the preterm neonate is even more cephalad at C3. The position in the adult is C4-C5.) D (periodic inflation of the collapsed lung You are caring for a neonate with congenital diaphragmatic hernia and pulmonary hypertension. She is intubated and receiving inhaled nitric oxide (iNO). iNO reduces pulmonary vascular resistance by activating protein kinase G via cyclic GMP. This reduces which of the following intracellular ions? A. Calcium D. Sodium A ( calcium iNO activates guanylate cyclase. This in turn converts GTP to cGMP. cGMP activates protein kinase G which decreases intracellular calcium by decreasing Ca++ entry into the muscle cell and by decreasing the release of Ca++ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The reduced concentration of calcium decreases Ca++ activated phosphorylation of myosin.) Branches of the femoral nerve anesthetized during an ankle block include the: A. deep peroneal nerve B. sural nerve C. saphenous nerve D. posterior tibial nerve C (saphenous nerve The saphenous nerve is the only branch of the femoral nerve innervating the foot. The four remaining nerves innervating the foot, the deep peroneal nerve, the posterior tibial nerve, the sural nerve and the superficial peroneal nerve, are all branches of the sciatic nerve. C (increased intrapulmonary shunting In which of the following cardiac conditions would a patient presenting in shock be LEAST likely to benefit from intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) placement? A. A ruptured papillary muscle from a recent myocardial infarction B. A low ejection fraction of 10% secondary to ischemic cardiomyopathy C. Aortic valve endocarditis resulting in severe aortic insufficiency D. Severe aortic stenosis and congestive heart failure C ( Aortic valve endocarditis resulting in severe aortic insufficiency A patient with severe aortic insufficiency should not have an IABP placed since it would worsen the amount of blood regurgitated into the left ventricle and likely lead to left ventricular distension. Since the IABP improves coronary perfusion pressure and unloads the left ventricle, the other conditions would benefit from IABP placement.) Assuming no other clinical risk factors, which of the following conditions should MOST be evaluated and treated prior to a 65-year-old patient undergoing elective hip replacement? A. Moderate mitral regurgitation resulting from a myocardial infarction 6 months ago B. New asymptomatic atrial fibrillation with a heart rate of 120 C. NYHA class III heart failure symptoms that have been present for the last year D. An uncomplicated myocardial infarction 2 months ago B (New asymptomatic atrial fibrillation with a heart rate of 120 New onset atrial fibrillation with an uncontrolled heart rate is an active cardiac condition (significant arrhythmia) that should delay elective surgery until further workup is performed and the ventricular rate better controlled. Mild or moderate valvular disease, old myocardial infarctions (>30 days out), and controlled heart failure should be appropriately managed, but do not require delay of surgery for further work-up.) Which of the following is MOST likely to INCREASE a patient’s mixed venous oxygen saturation? A Administering a beta-blocker B Inducing general anesthesia with a muscle relaxant C Reducing the FiO2 so that the patient’s SpO2 decreases 100% to 95% D Removing 2 units of blood during acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) B (Inducing general anesthesia with a muscle relaxant SvO2 = SaO2 — [(VO2)/(Hbg x 1.36 x Q)], where SvO2 is mixed venous oxygen saturation, SaO2 is arterial oxygen saturation, VO2 is oxygen consumption, Hgb is hemoglobin, and Q is cardiac output. General anesthesia with a muscle relaxant would be expected to decrease VO2, thereby increasing SvO2. (Granted, this assumes the patient does not arrest during induction.) Administering beta blockers would be expected to decrease cardiac output and therefore lower SvO2. Lowering a patient’s hemoglobin with ANH would be expected to decrease SvO2, as would decreasing their SpO2.) In critically ill patients that require mechanical ventilation in the ICU, early tracheostomy after 4 days of mechanical ventilation compared to late tracheostomy after 10 days of mechanical ventilation is MOST associated with which of the following? A. Lower mortality B. Higher mortality C. No difference in mortality D. No difference in mortality but more ventilator days (No difference in mortality A previously utilized rule of thumb suggested that after 1 week of intubation, if extubation does not appear likely within a week, place the tracheostomy (because the clinical course at one week seems to be predictive of final outcome [1]). The TracMan trial randomized 909 patients to early tracheostomy (within 4 days) or late tracheostomy (after 10 days if still indicated) and found no difference in the primary outcome (30-day mortality) or other secondary outcomes [2].) 50 year-old woman is undergoing a mitral valve repair. She has been taking garlic prior to surgery as an herbal supplement to reduce blood pressure and improve her overall health. She has significant mediastinal blood loss after separation from bypass. Which of the following effects can MOST be attributed to garlic? A. Increased fibrinolysis B. Increased consumption of coagulation factors C. Inhibition of the prothrombinase complex D. Inhibition of platelet aggregation C (Inhibition of the prothrombinase complex The use of herbals has increased but herbal medicines are not regulated by the FDA. This makes it difficult to know what exact substances patients are ingesting and there are a multitude of side effects that can result from herbals. Garlic is used by some to treat hypertension and to reduce lipids, but the organosulfur compound irreversibly inhibits platelet aggregation. The effects of garlic require 7 days of discontinuation prior to surgery to reduce postoperative bleeding. Ginkgo causes milder bleeding than garlic and its effects are attributed to inhibition of platelet activating factor. Ginkgo should be stopped 36 hours prior to surgery. Ginseng can inhibit platelet aggregation as well and should be stopped 7 days prior to surgery.) An 80-year-old man has been in the ICU for 12 hours following an aortic valve replacement and has been on nitroprusside for control of hypertension. Which of the following is MOST responsible for the toxicity caused by nitroprusside? A. Accumulation of thiosulfate and cyanide B. Formation of cyanmethemoglobin C. Inactivation of cytochrome oxidase D. Production of thiocyanate C (Inactivation of cytochrome oxidase After nitroprusside enters red blood cells, electron transfer occurs and the compound dissolves into 5 cyanide ions and a nitroso group. The cyanide ions can undergo 3 different reactions: forming cyanmethemoglobin; binding with thiosulfate; or interacting directly with cytochrome oxidase. The inactivation of cytochrome oxidase is responsible for the uncoupling of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and shift from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism. This causes production of lactic acid and the symptoms of cyanide toxicity including metabolic acidosis, arrhythmias, tachycardia, hypertension, neurologic dysfunction (confusion) and increased mixed venous oxygen content. One other key sign of cyanide toxicity is tachyphylaxis or the resistance to the effects of nitroprusside to reduce blood pressure.) A 79-year-old patient suffers an ascending aortic dissection and presents with acute pericardial tamponade physiology. The patient demonstrates pulsus paradoxus on his arterial waveform tracing. What physiologic event MOST accounts for this pulsus paradoxus? a. Increased systemic vascular resistance b. Reduced diastolic filling c. Shift of interventricular septum d. Tachycardia c (Shift of interventricular septum In acute tamponade physiology, the pericardial sac does not have time to stretch to accept increased fluid thus the effusion reaches a critical volume early and causes reduction in filling of the cardiac chambers with increased intracavitary pressures. This drastically reduces preload and cardiac output. Venous return is normally biphasic but becomes confined to systole in severe tamponade and ceases during diastole when intrapericardial pressures are maximal. During inspiration there is increased right-sided filling, which causes the interventricular septum to shift toward the left side of the heart. This causes reduction in blood pressure during inspiration and the septum shifts back during expiration and thus blood pressure goes up during the expiratory phase.) Which of the following MOST accurately reflects changes in lung volumes during pregnancy? a. Decrease in functional residual capacity (FRC) b. Decrease in vital capacity (VC) c. Increased expiratory reserve volume (ERV) d. Increased residual volume (RV) (Decrease in functional residual capacity (FRC) During pregnancy, enlargement of the uterus forces the diaphragm cephalad, resulting in decreased residual volume and expiratory reserve volume. The decrease in RV and ERV create an approximately 20% decrease in FRC at term. Vital capacity does not change during pregnancy. Total lung capacity may decrease by as much as 5%.) (during spontaneous ventilation In planning for the intubation of the full-term parturient patient who requires general anesthesia, which of the following is MOST correct? a. Enlarged tracheal caliber due to changes in cartilage composition at term may necessitate selected of a larger ETT b. Capillary engorgement of mucosal lining of the upper airway, including vocal cords and arytenoids, leads to tissue edema and may necessitate selection of smaller ETT c. Pre-oxygenation for a full one minute should precede induction of general anesthesia d. Anesthetic requirements may be greater (Capillary engorgement of mucosal lining of the upper airway, including vocal cords and arytenoids, leads to tissue edema and may necessitate selection of smaller ETT There are many changes of the upper airway during pregnancy. Capillary engorgement in the mucosal lining of the upper respiratory tract leads to tissue edema in normal full-term pregnant patient resulting in smaller caliber upper airway. Edema at the level of the arytenoids and vocal cords may necessitate selection of a smaller ETT (6.0 or 6.5mm). Additionally, increased tissue friability can be expected and extra care should be taken during any instrumentation of the mouth or upper airway, such as suctioning, placement of an oral airway or direct laryngoscopy. Active pushing leading to venous engorgement can exacerbate tissue edema along with the above-described changes. Given the decrease in functional residual capacity and increased oxygen consumption during pregnancy, pre-oxygenation for at least three minutes is recommended prior to induction of general anesthesia. Anesthetic requirements are decreased in pregnancy and thus MAC is decreased.) During placement of a lumbar epidural using a midline approach, the needle passes through the: (Select 3) a. interspinous ligament b. anterior longitudinal ligament c. intervertebral disk d. supraspinous ligament e. ligamentum flavum f. facet joint a, d, e (supraspinous ligament, interspinous ligament, ligamentum flavum Passing anteriorly from the skin to the epidural space are the following structures: skin, subcutaneous tissue, supraspinous ligament, interspinous ligament, ligamentum flavum. Which of the following can be MOST expected from mask ventilation of the full-term parturient? a. Easier due to increased neck range of motion b. Easier due to increased chest wall compliance c. More difficult secondary to upper airway edema d. More difficult secondary to left uterine displacement positioning (More difficult secondary to upper airway edema Anesthesiologists need to account for the changes of the upper airway during pregnancy and plan accordingly. Capillary engorgement in the mucosal lining of the upper respiratory tract leads to tissue edema in a normal full-term pregnant patient resulting in smaller caliber upper airway. Increased tissue friability can be expected and extra care should be taken during any instrumentation of the mouth or upper airway, such as suctioning, placement of an oral airway or direct laryngoscopy. Active pushing leading to venous engorgement can exacerbate tissue edema along with the above-described changes. Weight gain during pregnancy can also make mask ventilation more challenging.) A patient with a creatinine of 1.6 mg/dL is receiving IV magnesium for preeclampsia. The patient develops a widened QRS complex. After cessation of magnesium administration, which of the following is the MOST appropriate therapy? a. Calcium chloride b. Glucagon c. Kayexalate d. Propranolol a (Calcium chloride This preeclamptic patient, who was receiving magnesium for seizure prophylaxis, presumably developed worsening renal function as a complication of her preeclampsia. Since magnesium is cleared renally, her serum magnesium levels rapidly increased, leading to magnesium toxicity. Normal serum levels of magnesium are 1.2-2.0 mEq/L and therapeutic range is 4-8 mEq/L. ECG changes including prolonged PR intervals and widened QRS complexes can develop at serum levels of 5-10 mEq/L, with loss of deep tendon reflexes being another telltale sign of magnesium toxicity. Calcium chloride (500mg) or calcium gluconate (1g) are the antidotes for magnesium toxicity, via competitive inhibition of divalent cations. Miller RD, Pardo M. Basics of Anesthesia, 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2011.) Which of the following is NOT an initial consideration for a reversible cause of cardiac arrest according to the 2010 ACLS guidelines? a. Hypoglycemia b. Hypokalemia c. Hypothermia d. Hypovolemia a (Hypoglycemia ACLS recommends consideration of the “Hs and Ts” as possible reversible causes of cardiac arrest. The “Hs” include hypovolemia, hypo/hyperkalemia, hydrogen ion (acidosis), hypothermia, and hypoxia.) You are called to intubate a patient in the emergency department who was found pulseless in front of the hospital. Which of the following is MOST correct regarding the use of cricoid pressure during endotracheal intubation in this scenario? a. Cricoid pressure should be used only if the victim is unconscious b. The routine use of cricoid pressure is not recommended c. Cricoid pressure should be used if the patient has food contents in mouth at the time of intubation d. Cricoid pressure should only be applied by trained personnel b (The routine use of cricoid pressure is not recommended Per the 2010 ACLS Guidelines: “…Cricoid pressure can prevent gastric inflation and reduce the risk of regurgitation and aspiration during bag-mask ventilation, but it may also impede ventilation. Seven randomized studies showed that cricoid pressure can delay or prevent the placement of an advanced airway and that some aspiration can still occur despite application of cricoid pressure. In addition, it is difficult to appropriately train rescuers in use of the maneuver. Therefore, the routine use of cricoid pressure in cardiac arrest is not recommended.”) Electrocardiographic changes seen with hypokalemia include: a. peaked T waves b. increasingly prominent U waves c. shortened PR interval with P wave inversion d. decreased QRS amplitude b (increasingly prominent U waves T wave flattening/inversion ST segment depression increased P wave amplitude prolongation of the P-R interval increasingly prominent U waves pg. 378, 1712 Which of the following has been MOST extensively compared to ScvO2 as an optimal therapeutic end point in the management of sepsis? a. Corrected flow time (FTc) b. Lactate clearance c. Nitrogen balance d. Pulse pressure variation (PPV) b (Lactate clearance Lactate clearance has been suggested by some investigators to have several advantages over ScvO2 as a therapeutic end point in the treatment of sepsis. These include decreased cost, lack of need for an invasive catheter, and increased sensitivity for malperfusion. Because of this, several studies have compared lactate clearance to ScvO2 in the setting of sepsis. The largest, the LACTATES trial, included 300 patients and concluded that “management to normalize lactate clearance compared with management to normalize ScvO2 did not result in significantly different in-hospital mortality.” Based on this, the 2012 Surviving Sepsis guidelines state “We recommend the protocolized, quantitative resuscitation of patients with sepsis- induced tissue hypoperfusion (defined in this document as hypotension persisting after initial fluid challenge or blood lactate concentration ? 4 mmol/L) . . . We suggest targeting resuscitation to normalize lactate in patients with elevated lactate levels as a marker of tissue hypoperfusion (grade 2C).”) A 32-year-old woman with renal failure is administered 5L of 0.9% Normal Saline during a kidney transplant. An ABG reveals a pH of 7.20 with pCO2 38 mmHg and PaO2 103 mmHg. Which of the following laboratory results MOST strongly suggests a hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis? A. Anion gap of 14 mEq/L B. Anion gap of 20 mEq/L C. Strong ion difference of +20 D. Strong ion difference of +50 This is a challenging question that few people answer correctly! Most anesthesiologists do not understand the utility of the strong ion difference in a hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis. Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis is a “non-gap acidosis” and presents with a normal anion gap. The ion gap is calculated by: Anion Gap = ([Na+] + [K+]) – ([Cl-] + [HCO3-]) The normal range for anion gap is 8 — 12 mEq/L. Causes of elevated anion gap acidosis classically include “MULE-PAK” items (Methanol, Uremia, Lactate, Ethylene Glycol, Paraldehyde, ASA, Ketoacidosis). A patient with a hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis should not have an anion gap greater than 12. The strong ion difference (SID) is estimated by: /n SID = ([Na+] + [K+] + [Ca2+] + [Mg2+]) — ([Cl-] + [lactate-] + [SO42-]) A normal SID value is approximately +40. A patient with a hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis should have a strong ion difference of less than 40.l Postintubation croup: d. is most often seen immediately upon extubation a (is secondary to inflammation of subglottic structures Which of the following is LEAST consistent with a Phase II block after succinylcholine? A. Fade with tetanic stimulation B. Post-tetanic potentiation C. Train-of-four ratio of 1.0 D. Total dose of succinylcholine >4 mg/kg C. (Train-of-four ratio of 1.0 Phase II block is typically encountered after a large dose of succinylcholine (i.e., a large single dose, repeated doses, or a continuous infusion) where the total amount is greater than 4 mg/kg. Repeated stimulus of the acetylcholine receptor results in desensitization at the nerve terminal and the myocyte becomes less sensitive to acetylcholine, with prolonged neuromuscular blockade. Thus, with nerve stimulation, a Phase II block will have the features of a non-depolarizing block: Fade with tetanic stimulation; Post-tetanic potentiation; and a Train-of-four ratio of less than 0.4.) Closing capacity is defined as: C (closing volume + residual volume Dantrolene: (Select 2) a. depends on an extracellular mechanism to achieve muscle relaxation b. inhibits calcium ion release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum c. can also be used in the treatment of thyroid storm d. therapy should not be repeated after an MH episode has terminated e. has a half-life of approximately 12 hours b, c (inhibits calcium ion release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, can be used in the treatment of thyroid storm Dantrolene binds with the Ryr1 receptor and inhibits calcium ion release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Dantrolene’s effects are intracellular and may result in muscle weakness and ventilatory insufficiency. The half-life of dantrolene is approximately 6 hours. Dantrolene has also been used to treat neuroleptic malignant syndrome and thyroid storm. A 52-year-old man with a parathyroid adenoma presents for surgical resection. Which of the following ECG changes are MOST consistent with hypercalcemia? a. Peaked P-wave b. Peaked T-wave c. Short PR interval d. Short QT interval d (Short QT interval The most common ECG change in hypercalcemia is a short QT interval. Peaked T-waves are most commonly encountered in hyperkalemia. A short PR interval may indicate a preexcitation syndrome via an accessory pathway that leads to early activation of the ventricles, such as Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. A large or peaked P-wave (>2.5mm) can be encountered in hypokalemia. A large P-wave can also indicate right atrial enlargement.) Correct statements concerning the use of antidepressants in pain management include: a. analgesic effects require a higher dose than that needed for antidepression b. analgesic effects appear to be secondary to the blockade of serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake c. antidepressants are not effective in neuropathic pain d. newer SSRIs are more effective analgesics than the older tricyclic antidepressants b (analgesic effects appear to be secondary to the blockade of serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake Antidepressants demonstrate an analgesic effect at doses lower that those needed for antidepressant effect. Both actions appear secondary to the block of the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine. Older tricyclic antidepressants seem more effective analgesics than the newer SSRIs. Antidepressants are most useful in patients with neuropathic pain. Which of the following sequence of events MOST commonly occurs in drowning? a. Breath-holding, laryngospasm, involuntary ventilatory efforts, desaturation, muscular relaxation, inhalation of water, cardiac arrest b. Breath-holding, involuntary ventilatory efforts, inhalation of water, laryngospasm, desaturation, muscular relaxation, cardiac arrest c. Involuntary ventilatory efforts, laryngospasm, breath-holding, desaturation, muscular relaxation, inhalation of water, cardiac arrest d. Breath-holding, laryngospasm, involuntary ventilatory efforts, muscular relaxation, inhalation of water, desaturation, cardiac arrest a (Breath-holding, laryngospasm, involuntary ventilatory efforts, desaturation, muscular relaxation, inhalation of water, cardiac arrest Drowning is defined as a primary respiratory impairment from submersion or immersion in a liquid medium. The process of drowning usually entails a voluntary period of breath-holding (for an average of 87 seconds), possible (but not always) swallowing of water, followed by laryngospasm as water becomes entrained into the larynx. Involuntary ventilatory efforts ensue but are ineffective in the setting of laryngospasm. Survivors report this as being the most traumatic component of the drowning process and the total duration of voluntary and involuntary breath holding lasts 1.5-2 minutes. As arterial saturation declines, laryngospasm eventually abates, at which point the subject begins to breathe in water, after which circulatory arrest quickly occurs. The organ most susceptible to injury during drowning is the brain, with brain damage occurring approximately 3 minutes after PaO2 falls below 30 mm Hg. Exceptions to this rule include trained divers and individuals immersed in cold water. Many subjects who drown do so under direct supervision (lifeguards falsely believe that the victims were “fooling around” or attend to other tasks). No individual should ever be allowed under water without making purposeful movements for more than 10 seconds. Treatment: airway management is of paramount importance and should be initiated in water if a) this is safe and b) removal from water would result in any time delay. Once ventilation has been initiated, attend to the cardiovascular system – not all patients will have systole and profound bradycardia is not uncommon. Abdominal thrusts to “remove water” have not been shown to be helpful. The major sources of morbidity and mortality are related to respiratory and CNS compromise. Post-drowning survivors should be admitted to an ICU and CPAP (or PEEP) applied. Anti-epileptics may be initiated in patients with suspected CNS injury. Infection may be an issue in standing water (Pseudomonas) and empiric antibiotic coverage may be indicated in this setting.) What is the approximate sensitivity and specificity of the ?-D-Glucan Assay for the diagnosis of invasive fungal infection (IFE)? a. ~ 50% sensitivity, ~ 95% specificity b. ~ 75% sensitivity, ~ 85% specificity c. ~ 95% sensitivity, ~ 95% specificity d. ~ 95% sensitivity, ~ 50% specificity b ( ~ 75% sensitivity, ~ 85% specificity Based on a meta-analysis of 16 studies including 2979 patients, the sensitivity and specificity of ?-D-Glucan (BDG) for the detection of invasive fungal infection (IFE) is 76.8% and 85.3%, respectively. It is important to note that while -D-Glucan is a component of the cell wall of most fungi, it is not present in Zygomycetes or Cryptococci thus BDG will miss these agents. Fungi can be classified as one of three types — yeast (Candida and Cryptococcus are the most common infections), mold (Aspergillus and Rhizopus are most common), and dimorphic agents (Histoplasma capsulatum, Coccidioides immitis, and Blastomyces dermatitidis are most common). Candida is a normal component of gastrointestinal flora (and is also present on the skin) whereas other agents, which are ubiquitous in nature, are typically acquired by inhalation. It is therefore extremely difficult to distinguish between colonization and infection, and definitive diagnosis requires either histopathologic evidence or presence of fungus in a normally sterile site (hence the utility of BDG). Complicating the detection of IFE, the liver clears candida from the bloodstream so efficiently that only ~ 50% of patients with disseminated candidiasis will exhibit a positive blood culture. Furthermore, autopsy data suggest that only 15-40% of patients who have invasive candidiasis carry the diagnosis.) A 60-year-old man with a medically refractory seizure disorder has a generalized tonic clonic seizure complicated by aspiration pneumonia. He improves and his respiratory mechanics are compatible with extubation by ICU day #6. He is awake and alert; however, he has no leak around the endotracheal tube with the cuff deflated. What is the MOST appropriate management? a. Elective tracheostomy b. Proceed with extubation c. Methylprednisolone therapy prior to extubation d. Extubate over a tube changer, to facilitate re-intubation if necessary c (Methylprednisolone therapy prior to extubation While many practitioners would opt for extubation in this scenario, there is high level evidence for the efficacy of methylprednisolone in reducing postextubation laryngeal edema and the incidence of re-intubation.) Regarding motor innervation of the larynx, which of the following muscles is NOT innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve? b. Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle c. Thyroarytenoid muscle d. Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle a (Cricothyroid muscle The cricothyroid muscle is innervated by the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve. The superior laryngeal nerve is a branch of the vagus nerve. The cricothyroid muscle is the only muscle of the larynx not innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve. The cricothyroid muscle is the only tensor muscle of the larynx; thus, it serves to aid phonation by increasing the pitch of the voice. The cricothyroid muscle pulls the anterior aspects of the thyroid and cricoid cartilages together to achieve this. The thyroarytenoid muscle, innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve, antagonizes this movement.) A 2-day-old boy with a lumbar meningomyelocele is scheduled to undergo surgical repair. Which of the following associated anomalies are MOST likely to occur with a meningomyelocele? a. Cleft palate b. Chiari malformation c. Radial anomalies d. Renal failure b (Chiari malformation Infants with meningomyelocele have many associated anomalies. The most common associated anomalies include Chiari malformations. There are 4 types of Chiari malformations. The result of the Chiari malformation is downward displacement of the brainstem, cerebellar tonsils and fourth ventricle. This causes hydrocephalus, which usually requires surgical shunting. Patients can present with apnea and stridor.) A 67-year-old man with no prior heparin exposure underwent an uneventful aortic valve replacement. Three days after surgery, the patient has an isolated and asymptomatic drop in platelet count > 50%. What is the probability of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia? a. < 1% b. 1-5% c. 5-10% d. > 10% a (< 1% Thrombocytopenia is common after cardiac surgery and is typically multifactorial. The most feared cause is heparin-inducted thrombocytopenia (HIT). HIT is an immune-mediated reaction involving antibodies to a heparin: PF4 complex (PF4 is a cytokine released from alpha granules of activated platelets during activation, and its physiologic role is to neutralize heparin-like molecules in the extracellular matrix). This can lead to platelet clumping and a prothrombotic state. The treatment for HIT is anticoagulation with a direct thrombin inhibitor (DTI). Warfarin is contraindicated in the setting of HIT because it can lead to coagulation ("Coumadin necrosis"). Suspicion of HIT complicates venous thromboprophylaxis because if HIT is present, heparin and low molecular weight heparin should be avoided. Thus, a four-point scoring system was developed based on the amount of thrombosis, the timing, alternative causes, and physical exam findings. In a patient with plausible other causes (i.e.., cardiopulmonary bypass) who is asymptomatic and outside the 5-10 day peak period, an isolated platelet drop of 50% or more still only carries a 0.84% chance of HIT.) Which of the following factors is NOT part of the Child-Pugh score for chronic liver disease? a. Ascites b. Platelet count c. Total bilirubin d. Serum albumin b (Platelet count The Child-Pugh score was originally developed in 1964 as the Child-Turcotte score and then modified by Pugh in 1972. The score endeavors to predict mortality in patients with chronic liver disease. The score measures five favors: Bilirubin, Albumin, INR, Ascites, and Hepatic encephalopathy. The severity of liver disease is assessed by scoring each factor from 1 – 3. Patients with a total score of 5 – 6 have 100% one-year survival whereas patients with 10 or more points have 45% one-year survival. The Child-Pugh score has been largely replaced by the MELD score to stratify patients for liver transplantation. Platelet count is not part of the Child-Pugh score.) Which of the following coagulation factors has the SHORTEST half-life? A. Factor II B. Factor VII C. Factor IX D. Factor X B( Factor VII Factor VII has the shortest half-life: 4-6 hours. Factor IX has a half-life of about 24 hours. Factor X has a half-life of 25-60 hours and Factor II has a half-life of 50-80 hours.) A 55-year-old man develops refractory hypotension after a 8-hour anesthetic consisting of etomidate and sufentanil infusions. Which of the following BEST explains this patient’s hypotension? a. Activation of GABA receptors by etomidate b. Activation of GABA receptors by sufentanil c. Inhibition of 11?-hydroxylase by etomidate d. Inhibition of 11?-hydroxylase by sufentanil c (Inhibition of 11?-hydroxylase by etomidate Etomidate is a reversible inhibitor of 11?-hydroxylase, which is critical to adrenocortical steroid synthesis. Thus, etomidate suppresses corticosteroid synthesis and leads to primary adrenal suppression, which typically manifests as refractory hypotension. Increases in patient mortality can be observed after a single dose of etomidate, which may be related to adrenal suppression.) A patient who smokes may have a carboxyhemoglobin level as high as which of the following? A non-smoker may have a carboxyhemoglobin level of 1-3% at baseline whereas a patient who smokes may have a carboxyhemoglobin level as high as 8-10%.) A 23-year-old critically ill woman develops MRSA ventilator-associated pneumonia. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate initial treatment? A. Vancomycin B. Vancomycin plus ciprofloxacin C. Vancomycin plus gentamicin D. Vancomycin plus tobramycin A (Vancomycin The overwhelming majority of data suggest that combination antibiotic therapy is not helpful in treating patients with MRSA. Ruotsalainen et al. performed a RCT of 381 patients with MRSA bacteremia and failed to demonstrate a decrease in mortality with the addition of a second agent. Most double coverage studies have used beta-lactams or aminoglycosides alone and in combination. In the Safdar study, the summary odds ratio was 0.96 for all causes (95% CI 0.70-1.32), indicating no mortality benefit with combination therapy. Considerable heterogeneity was present in the main analyses. The Heyland RCT of VAP showed no difference in 28-day mortality between the combination and monotherapy groups (relative risk = 1.05, 95% confidence interval 0.78-1.42, p = .74), although Pseudomonas and MRSA were excluded.) An 8-year-old, obese girl with severe obstructive sleep apnea is taken to the PACU after a tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. On arrival, she is tachycardic, dyspneic, tachypneic, and anxious. Her SpO2 is 89% despite 4L nasal cannula. Auscultation reveals occasional wheezes bilaterally. A chest radiograph reveals diffuse interstitial and alveolar infiltrates. Given these findings, which of the following is the MOST likely diagnosis? a. Acute respiratory distress syndrome b. Negative pressure pulmonary edema c. Pulmonary aspiration d. Pulmonary hemorrhage b. (Negative pressure pulmonary edema Postoperative complications associated with tonsillectomy include pain, nausea and vomiting, dehydration, and post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage. Acute postoperative pulmonary edema, albeit infrequent, may occur when airway obstruction from tonsillar hypertrophy is relieved. Normal pleural pressures range from -2.5 to -10 cmH2O during inspiration. In a child with tonsillar hypertrophy and airway obstruction, pleural pressures may be as negative as -30 cmH2O. This may lead to pulmonary capillary wall dysfunction. Due to the negative pressure gradient during inspiration, a concomitant increased in venous return exists, but due to the microvasculature wall disruption, transudation of fluid into the alveolar space can occur. To counterbalance this potentially deleterious condition, patients with chronic airway obstruction develop an adaptive mechanism by which they generate positive intrapleural and alveolar pressures during exhalation, decreasing pulmonary venous return. Post-tonsillectomy, the obstruction has been relieved and the adaptive mechanism has been lost. This leads to decreased airway pressures during exhalation, increased venous return, increased pulmonary hydrostatic pressure, and then pulmonary edema.) A 75-year-old woman complains of loss of vision in one eye. She reports that she first noticed blurred vision in the right eye. This progressed to her bumping into objects on the right side. When she is asked to read, she can only read one half of sentences on a page. She has normal strength, coordination, reflexes and tone. Her cranial nerve exam shows that she cannot see a moving finger on the right field in either eye. An occlusion of which major vessel is associated with these findings? a. Basilar artery b. Internal carotid artery c. Middle cerebral artery d. Posterior cerebral artery d (posterior cerebral artery The description of this patient suggests that she has a right visual field deficit, in both eyes, as opposed to monocular blindness (the classic “amaurosis fugax” typically due to emboli from an internal carotid artery source). Although patients may describe not being able to see out of one eye, a cursory physical exam will reveal that the eye can see, but there may be a significant field cut in both eyes. The neurological term for this sign is homonymous hemianopsia, and it is most commonly due to occipital lobe injury from a posterior cerebral artery infarction. Although field cuts can also occur with temporal or parietal lesions, there tends to be other associated findings not seen in this patient (such as neglect). While performing an interscalene block with a nerve stimulator, the patient’s diaphragm begins to twitch. In order to successfully perform the block, the needle should be redirected in which of the following directions? a. Advanced because the needle tip is too shallow b. Redirected anteriorly because the needle tip is too posterior c. Redirected posteriorly because the needle tip is too anterior d. Withdrawn because the needle tip is too deep c (Redirected posteriorly because the needle tip is too anterior At the C6 level, the phrenic nerve is nearly always located immediately anterior to the superior trunk. Appropriate repositioning is in a posterior direction. Conversely, stimulation of the accessory nerve leads to movement of the trapezius muscle and indicates a need for anterior needle redirection.) During which of the following phases does MOST left ventricular filling occur? b. Early diastole c. Isovolumic relaxation d. Ventricular systole b (Early diastole The left ventricle fills during diastole, when the left atrial pressure exceeds left ventricular pressure and the mitral valve opens. More than 60% of all left ventricular filling occurs during early diastole. Atrial systole is responsible for only about 15% of ventricular filling. The mitral valve is closed during isovolumic relaxation and ventricular systole and thus no ventricular filling occurs.) Which of the following BEST explains the faster onset of alfentanil relative to an equipotent bolus of fentanyl? a. Increased protein binding b. Lower lipid solubility c. Lower pKa d. Increased clearance c (Lower pKa In general terms, the onset of any drug is dependent upon the drug’s ability to reach its target receptor. The most important target receptors for an opioid sit in the CNS and as a result, onset is thus dependent upon an opioid’s ability to rapidly cross the blood-brain barrier. Drugs that are small, uncharged, and highly lipid soluble are able to cross the blood-brain barrier most rapidly. Alfentanil is unique among opioids in that it has a pKa of 6.5 (as compared to fentanyl, which has a pKa of 8.0). This leads to a very high proportion of alfentanil being uncharged at physiologic pH and a rapid onset.) Advancing the needle deeper than 2 cm during interscalene blockade is MOST associated with an increased risk of which of the following? a. Carotid artery puncture b. Intrathecal injection c. Phrenic nerve blockade d. Stimulation of the accessory nerve b (Intrathecal injection All of these complications have been reported from deep needle placement; however, intrathecal injection is the most significant risk. In the vast majority of patients, the brachial plexus is found 0.5 to 1.5 cm below the skin surface.) Absolute contraindications to the use of epidural anesthesia in the parturient include: (Select 2) a. inability of the patient to cooperate b. herniated lumbar disc c. multiple sclerosis d. patient refusal e. history of previous cesarean section f. aortic regurgitation (inability of the patient to cooperate, patient refusal Absolute contraindications to epidural anesthesia/analgesia in the parturient include infection over the injection site, coagulopathy, thrombocytopenia, marked hypovolemia, true local anesthetic allergy, patient refusal and inability of the patient to cooperate. Preexisting neurological disease and back disorders are relative contraindications. Patients with aortic regurgitation usually benefit from the reduction in afterload seen after neuraxial anesthesia. A previously healthy 78-year-old woman sustains a left femur fracture and is in the operating room undergoing a left femur intramedullary rod placement. During bone reaming her blood pressure acutely drops from 130/70 mmHg to 90/45 mmHg, her heart rate increases from 80 to 115 bpm, and her SpO2 falls to 88%. Which of the following signs is MOST specific for fat embolism ? a. Decreased hemoglobin b. PaO2 75 mmHg on 100% oxygen c. Petechial rash on upper body d. Left ventricular dilation c (Petechial rash on upper body This scenario in the operating room is most concerning for fat embolism. In patients who are having orthopedic surgery with long bone trauma/reaming, fat embolism is very common, occurring in 3-10% of orthopedic trauma patients. Common signs under general anesthesia include hypoxia, increased alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient, tachycardia and a petechial rash on the upper portion of the body. Petechiae only occur in 20-50% of patients but are considered to be diagnostic. In general as the fat particles move to the right side of the heart they can lodge in the pulmonary vascular bed but eventually travel through the left side of the heart to the brain. They produce local ischemia and inflammation. Pulmonary compliance decreases, pulmonary arterial hypertension occurs and cardiac output declines. This leads to the picture of right-sided heart failure, whereby the right side of the heart dilates and is unable to pump blood to the left side of the heart. Thus, systemic blood pressure drops. If a TEE is available in this scenario, it would likely reveal some embolic particles in the right side of the heart and pulmonary arteries, and the right ventricle may even be dilated. The alveolar arterial oxygen gradient is a nonspecific sign that there is some type of shunt physiology ongoing. These are helpful signs but may also occur as a result of air or pulmonary thromboembolic embolism. The upper body petechial rash is considered to be diagnostic.) Carotid bodies located at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery MOST respond to which of the following parameters to control ventilation? a. pH b. PaO2 c. PaCO2 d. SaO2 b (PaO2 Chemical control of ventilation occurs via the peripheral and central chemoreceptors. Peripheral chemoreceptors consist of the carotid and aortic bodies. These chemoreceptors respond primarily to a decrease in PaO2. Neural activity increases when PaO2 falls below 100 mmHg, but a substantially recognizable increase in minute ventilation may not be seen until the PaO2 drops below 65 mmHg. The carotid bodies serve to influence largely the ventilatory effects of a decrease in PaO2 by increasing respiratory rate and tidal volume. The aortic bodies predominantly affect the circulatory effects of a decrease in PaO2 by stimulating a decrease in heart rate, hypertension, increased bronchiolar tone, and increased adrenal secretion. Central chemoreceptors, on the contrary, respond primarily to a decrease in pH or an increase in PaCO2. Central chemoreceptors are located in the medulla. An increase in minute ventilation after central chemoreceptor stimulation will occur within 1-2 minutes. However, if the stimulation persists, the resultant increase in ventilation will decline over several hours.) A 55-year-old man with colon cancer undergoes an open colectomy under general anesthesia. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of a 1°C decrease in core temperature during the first hour of anesthesia? a. Radiation heat loss to the operating room b. Conductive heat loss to the operating table c. Evaporative heat loss from surgical site d. Redistribution of heat from the core to the periphery d (Redistribution of heat from the core to the periphery Under general anesthesia, core temperature characteristically decreases 1-1.5°C during the first hour. This decrease in core temperature occurs mainly as a result of the redistribution of thermal energy from the core to the periphery. Generally speaking, humans concentrate heat energy in the core and a patient’s core temperature is typically much warmer than their extremities. This is typically the result of vasoconstriction. General anesthesia results in vasodilation, which allows core heat to flow down the temperature gradient into peripheral tissues. It should be noted that the internal redistribution of thermal energy decreases core temperature but does not represent any actual heat loss. Heat loss occurs secondary to radiation, convection, and conduction, or evaporation.) The cardiovascular effects of pancuronium are caused by: (Select 3) a. vagal blockade b. stimulation of cardiac muscarinic receptors c. ganglionic stimulation d. decreased catacholamine reuptake e. direct myocardial stimulation f. blockade of cardiac slow calcium channels g. central thalamic stimulation a, c, d (vagal blockade, ganglionic stimulation, decreased catecholamine reuptake The cardiovascular effects of pancuronium are caused by the combination of vagal blockade and sympathetic stimulation. The latter is due to a combination of ganglionic stimulation, catecholamine release and decreased catecholamine reuptake. Which of the following is the BEST option for treating hypotension related to arrhythmia during venous cannula placement prior to institution of cardiopulmonary bypass for the patient undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery? a. Cardioversion b. Discontinuation of mechanical stimulation c. Phenylephrine d. Volume replacement b (Discontinuation of mechanical stimulation For cardiopulmonary bypass to be instituted, an arterial cannula is placed in the ascending aorta and venous cannulae are placed in the right atrium to drain deoxygenated blood from the patient. This blood is directed to the bypass circuit where it is oxygenated and CO2 is eliminated. Blood is then returned to the patient via the arterial cannula in the aorta. During placement of the venous cannula in the right atrium, surgical manipulation can and often does trigger arrhythmias: the most common being atrial fibrillation. Cessation or limited mechanical stimulation is recommended if arrhythmias occur. Often, this alone corrects the problem. Other maneuvers that may be successful include giving a fluid bolus, titrating vasoactive medications and cardioversion.) Anesthetic implications of multiple sclerosis include: a. exacerbation induced by spinal anesthesia b. exacerbation induced by epidural anesthesia c. exacerbation of symptoms secondary to hypothermia d. the presence of significant peripheral neuropathy causing severe hyperkalemia after succinylcholine administration a (exacerbation induced by spinal anesthesia Spinal anesthesia has been reported to cause exacerbation of the disease. Epidural and other regional techniques appear to have no adverse effect, especially in obstetrics; however a lower concentration of local anesthetic should be used. Demyelinated nerve fibers are extremely sensitive to hyperthermia, but conduction is usually improved by mild hypothermia. Which of the following antiemetics should MOST be avoided in patients undergoing assisted reproductive therapy? a. Metoclopramide b. Ondansetron c. Promethazine d. Scopolamine a (Metoclopramide Along with droperidol, metoclopramide should be avoided in the assisted reproductive therapy population because it can cause increased prolactin levels. High prolactin levels have been shown to impair follicle maturation and corpus luteum function, decreasing the likelihood of a successful reproductive outcome.) According to the 2010 American Society of Regional Anesthesia (ASRA) guidelines, epidural catheter placement in obstetric patients should be delayed for at least how long after administration of a therapeutic dose of low-molecular weight heparin? a. 6 hours b. 12 hours c. 24 hours d. 48 hours c (24 hours Pregnancy is a state of relative hypercoagulability. Pregnant patients needing anticoagulation are often treated with low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) due to its efficacy, maternal safety, ease of administration, and lack of placental transfer to the fetus. Anticoagulated patients are at increased risk for the development of epidural and spinal hematoma following neuraxial anesthetics. Although there is no definitive data linking absolute time since LMWH administration with the development of epidural and spinal hematoma, consensus guidelines have been created in an attempt to decrease the risk of this catastrophic complication. Patients receiving higher therapeutic doses of LMWH are at increased risk compared to patients receiving lower prophylactic doses of LMWH. ASRA guidelines state that neuraxial placement should occur no sooner than 24 hours following a therapeutic dose of LMWH. Neuraxial placement should occur no sooner than 10-12 hours following a prophylactic dose of LMWH.) Local anesthetics with the potential to form methemoglobin include: (Select 3) a. EMLA topical anesthetic cream b. bupivacaine c. benzocaine d. ropivacaine e. prilocaine f. mepivacaine a, c, e (EMLA topical anesthetic cream, prilocaine, benzocaine EMLA cream contains both lidocaine and prilocaine. The metabolites of prilocaine can convert hemoglobin to methemoglobin. Benzocaine can also cause methemoglobinemia. “Methemoglobin Risk with Benzocaine Containing Local Anesthetics” URL: http://www.upstate.edu/uha/pharmacy/newsletters/kidstuff_06/kidstuff_05_06.pdf) The potency of local anesthetics increases as the: a. lipid solubility increases b. pKa increases c. number of double bonds in the anesthetic molecule increases d. molecular weight decreases a (lipid solubility increases Local anesthetic potency correlates directly with lipid solubility. In general, lipid solubility increases with an increase in the total number of carbon atoms in the molecule and by adding a halogen to the aromatic ring. Which of the following factors is LEAST likely to be associated with uterine atony? a. Infection b. Polyhydramnios c. Recent ketorolac d. Tocolytic therapy c (Recent ketorolac Uterine atony is not only the leading cause of postpartum hemorrhage, but it is also the most common indication for a peripartum blood transfusion. Postpartum hemostasis involves the release of endogenous uterotonic factors, and atony results when there is failure of adequate uterus contraction after delivery. This can occur for various reasons including pre-delivery use of oxytocin (via receptor down-regulation), over-distension of the uterus due to polyhydramnios or multiple gestations, and chorioamnionitis. Tocolytic therapy relaxes uterine muscle, making it more difficult to contract after delivery. Although non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs irreversibly inhibit platelet function, they have minimal effect on uterine muscle tone. Mayer DC, Smith KA. Antepartum and Postpartum Hemorrhage. In: Chestnut DH, ed. Obstetric Anesthesia. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Mosby Elsevier, 2009:811-836.) A 4-week-old infant presents with tachycardia and tachypnea and is refusing to take anything by mouth. Chest x-ray reveals congenital emphysema on the left. What would be the most likely findings on physical exam on the affected side? a. Decreased breath sounds, hyper-inflation, hyper-resonance b. Decreased breath sounds, hyper-inflation, hypo-resonance c. Increased breath sounds, hyper-inflation, hyper-resonance d. Increased breath sounds, hyper-inflation, hypo-resonance a (Decreased breath sounds, hyper-inflation, hyper-resonance Congenital lobar emphysema is a developmental anomaly of the lung that is characterized by hyperinflation of one or more of the pulmonary lobes. The left lung is more commonly involved and specifically the left upper lobe is the most commonly affected. Infants typically have tachypnea and increased work of breathing, and may have cyanosis. Recurrent pneumonia or poor feeding with failure to thrive are less frequent presentations that may occur in milder forms. Physical examination reveals decreased breath sounds and hyperresonance to percussion. A chest x-ray will reveal hyper-inflation) Regarding cardiopulmonary bypass, if pump outflow is occluded, excessive pressure can build proximal to the occlusion if which kind of pump is used? a. Roller pump b. Centrifugal pump c. Neither roller nor centrifugal pump d. Either roller or centrifugal pump a (Roller pump During cardiopulmonary bypass, a mechanical pump is required to circulate blood through the circuit and then back to the patient. In general, 2 types of pumps are utilized for this purpose: roller pumps and centrifugal pumps. Flow of a roller pump is predictable and depends on the revolutions per minute of the pump. Although retrograde flow is not possible, if there is outflow occlusion to the pump, excessive pressure can build, causing the tubing to rupture or the tubing connections to separate. Of course, there are safety checks in place to prevent this from occurring.) Regarding roller pumps and centrifugal pumps utilized for cardiopulmonary bypass, which of the following statements is MOST correct? a. Retrograde flow is possible with the roller pump b. Retrograde flow is possible with the centrifugal pump c. Retrograde flow is not possible with either the roller pump nor the centrifugal pump d. Retrograde flow is possible with either the roller pump or the centrifugal pump b (Retrograde flow is possible with the centrifugal pump The centrifugal pump is quite different than the roller pump. The centrifugal pump operates on a principle of a constrained vortex, where a rotator (impeller) is housed within a rigid container shaped like a cone. Flow depends on the pressure differential created by spinning cones within the pump. In other words, rapidly rotating cones create negative pressure (pressure drop) by the centrifugal action of the rotating core, propelling fluid forward. Flow varies depending on pump preload and afterload. Unfortunately, retrograde flow is possible, but of course, safety checks are in place to prevent this.) When used in the ICU, dexmedetomidine has been associated with a lower risk of delirium when compared to which of the following sedating agents? a. Opioids b. Benzodiazepines c. Propofol d. Ketamine b (Benzodiazepines Delirium in the ICU may be to be related to benzodiazepine use. Benzodiazepine use appears to be associated with an increase in delirium when compared to dexmedetomidine – both the Maximizing Efficacy of Targeted Sedation and Reducing Neurological Dysfunction (MENDS) [Pandharipande et al.] and the Safety and Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine Compared to Midazolam (SEDCOM) [Riker et al.] studies suggest that dexmedetomidine may decrease delirium when compared to benzodiazepines.) A 56-year-old man with a history of tobacco abuse is scheduled to undergo thoracoscopic resection of a right upper lobe mass. Which of the following benefits of smoking cessation will be MOST immediate? a. Decreased airway secretions b. Decreased airway reactivity c. Decreased carboxyhemoglobin concentration d. Decreased incidence of postoperative pneumonia c (Decreased carboxyhemoglobin concentration Smoking cessation results in many advantages to this patient; however, a reduction* in significant morbidity and mortality does not occur for at least eight weeks. Indeed, surgery during the first four weeks of tobacco abstinence has been associated with increased pulmonary complications. While acute cessation is associated with decreased carboxyhemoglobin levels (and increased tissue oxygenation), airway reactivity and secretions increase.) The effects of barbiturates on ischemic areas of the brain include: a. vasoconstriction b. vasodilation c. redirection of blood flow to the ischemic areas d. redirection of blood flow away from ischemic areas c (redirection of blood flow to the ischemic areas Barbiturates cause cerebral vasoconstriction in normal areas. These agents tend to redistribute blood flow to ischemic areas in what is sometimes referred to as a reverse steal phenomenon or Robin Hood effect. Ischemic areas remain maximally dilated and unaffected by the barbiturate. A 24-year-old man with a history of T4 paraplegia is undergoing his first anesthetic for a urinary diversion due to a neurogenic bladder. As the surgeon makes the incision, his BP reaches 220/110 mmHg with a heart rate of 45 bpm. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate first step in treatment? a. Atropine b. Dantrolene d. Nitroprusside D (Nitroprusside In a patient with a history of a spinal cord lesion higher than T7, marked hypertension and bradycardia is concerning for autonomic hyperreflexia. Normally, descending inhibitory impulses travel down the spinal cord to block reflex arcs to cutaneous, visceral, or proprioceptive stimuli. This arc is disrupted in spinal cord injury and can lead to autonomic instability, most notably severe hypertension followed by a sustained vagal response including bradycardia, vasodilation, and cutaneous flushing. Treatment is supportive, including stopping the inciting stimulus (ask surgeons to pause) and lowering the blood pressure to normal levels via vasodilators and assuring adequate levels of anesthesia.) Which of the following ligaments is traversed when using a paramedian approach to the neuraxis? b. Ligamentum flavum c. Posterior longitudinal ligament b (Ligamentum flavum The supraspinous and interspinous ligaments are both midline structures and are not traversed in a paramedian approach. The only structure traversed in both midline and paramedian approaches is the ligamentum flavum. The posterior longitudinal ligament is anterior to the spinal cord and not traversed in either the paramedic or midline approaches.) Which of the following is LEAST likely to occur following a celiac plexus block? a. Diarrhea b. Orthostatic hypotension c. Retroperitoneal hemorrhage d. Urinary incontinence d (The celiac plexus contains preganglionic sympathetic fibers from greater and lesser splanchnic nerves and postganglionic sympathetic and preganglionic parasympathetic fibers. It provides sensory innervation and sympathetic outflow to the stomach, liver, spleen, pancreas, kidney, and GI tract up to splenic flexure. Thus, blockade of the celiac plexus results in a loss of sympathetic innervation. The loss of sympathetic outflow can result in both diarrhea and orthostatic hypotension. During performance of the block, inadvertent puncture of the aorta or vena cava can result in a retroperitoneal hemorrhage; however, this is less common. Urinary incontinence does not occur and the urinary tract is not innervated by the celiac plexus.) Pathophysiologic changes associated with liver disease include: (Select 2) a. increased cardiac output b. increased systemic vascular resistance c. increased mean blood pressure d. sodium-losing nephropathy e. hyperkalemia f. arterial hypoxemia a, f (Pathophysiologic changes associated with liver disease include (Select 2): increased cardiac output, arterial hypoxemia Arterio-venous shunting, resulting from advanced liver disease, results in a decrease in systemic vascular resistance, a decrease in blood pressure and an increase in cardiac output. Arterial hypoxemia is common in patients with advanced liver disease and appears to be the result of ascites, hepatic hydrothorax and widespread pulmonary vasodilation. An otherwise healthy 25-year-old G1P0 is taken emergently to the OR for cesarean delivery. She receives a bolus of 30 mL of 2-chloroprocaine through an existing epidural catheter. Which of the following is MOST correct regarding the use of 3% 2-chloroprocaine? a. Its rapid onset is a result of its high pKa b. Efficacy of epidurally administered opioids may be decreased c. It is rapidly metabolized by the liver and kidneys d. Fetal acidosis leads to high levels in fetal circulation b (2-Chloroprocaine is considered a safe and favorable choice for emergent/urgent dosing of an epidural for cesarean section. It is favorable because of its rapid onset, which is independent of its pKa (based on pKa alone, one would expect a very slow onset). The rapid onset is thought to be due to the high concentrations that are used. It is safe because it is metabolized by plasma cholinesterases (it is an ester local anesthetic), so intravascular injection is clinically inconsequential. A down side of its use is its relatively short duration; repeat boluses must be given about every 30 minutes to maintain surgical anesthesia. The use of 2-chloroprocaine is associated with a decreased efficacy of subsequent epidural opioids, rather than increased efficacy.) Enoxaparin: a. causes less platelet inhibition than heparin b. is easily reversed with protamine c. has a half-life that is 35% less than that of heparin d. effects are monitored using the INR a (causes less platelet inhibition than heparin Low molecular weight heparins (LMWH), such as enoxaparin, have greater activity against factor Xa than thrombin. As a result, the INR is not a reliable monitoring tool. The LMWHs cause less platelet inhibition and are associated with a lesser incidence of heparin induced thrombocytopenia. Barash, PG, Cullen, BF, Stoelting, RK, Cahalan, MK and Stock, MC. Clinical Anesthesia. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2009.) A 3-month-old full term boy presents for right inguinal hernia repair. If, during placement of a caudal anesthetic, the infant were unintentionally administered 1 ml/kg 0.25% bupivacaine intravenously, what would be the MOST likely INITIAL sign of cardiac toxicity? a. Supraventricular tachycardia b. Sinus tachycardia c. Ventricular tachycardia d. Third degree heart block c (Ventricular tachycardia The most common arrhythmia observed with bupivacaine local anesthetic toxicity is a wide complex ventricular rhythm. In a dog model, bupivacaine lowered the ventricular tachycardia threshold and caused polymorphic ventricular tachycardia.) Termination of the effects of succinylcholine at the neuromuscular junction occurs as a result of: a. succinylcholine hydrolysis by acetylcholinesterase b. diffusion of succinylcholine away from the receptors c. succinylchoine hydrolysis by hepatic esterases d. the competition of succinylcholine with acetylcholine b (diffusion of succinylcholine away from the receptors Because depolarizing muscle relaxants are not metabolized by acetylcholinesterase, they diffuse away from the neuromuscular junction and are hydrolyzed in the plasma by pseudocholinesterase. A 75-year-old man has had an infrarenal open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair under general anesthesia. His baseline preoperative creatinine, prior to surgery, was 1.1 mg/dL. On postoperative day 2, his creatinine increases to 2.0 mg/dL with a concomitant reduction in urine output. Which of the following physiologic changes is MOST associated with a reduction in renal function after aortic aneurysm surgery? a. Increase in renal cortical blood flow b. Decrease in renal cortical blood flow c. Decrease in renal vascular resistance d. Increase in glomerular filtration rate b (Decrease in renal cortical blood flow The effects of the aortic cross-clamp on the kidneys are mediated by both the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system as well as the sympathetic nervous system. There is an increase in renal vascular resistance, decrease in renal cortical blood flow and decrease in glomerular filtration rate. An infrarenal cross clamp can decrease renal blood flow by 40% whereas a thoracic level aortic clamp decreases renal blood flow by as much as 80-90%. These changes persist for a long period of time after the cross clamp is removed. In addition, the decrease in renal blood flow is not necessarily associated with decreased cardiac output or decreased mean arterial blood pressure (although those changes would certainly not improve renal function or prevent the decrement).) An occurrence malpractice insurance policy: a. offers coverage if the policy was in place at the time of the incident, regardless of when the claim is filed b. offers coverage if the policy is in place at the time the claim is filed c. is activated at the time of the need to pay a claim that exceeds the limits of coverage on the standard malpractice policy d. is the most common form of malpractice insurance in place today a (offers coverage if the policy was in place at the time of the incident, regardless of when the claim is filed An occurrence policy offers coverage of an incident resulting in a claim, whenever that claim might be filed. The much more common claims-made policy covers claims that are filed only while the insurance is in force. Umbrella coverage is activated at the time of the need to pay a claim that exceeds the limits of coverage on the standard malpractice policy. During abdominal aortic aneurysm repair, a patient has an oximetric pulmonary artery catheter. The mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) increases from 70 to 80% after the aortic cross clamp is placed. Which of the following accounts for the increase in mixed venous oxygen saturation? a. Decreased carbon dioxide production b. Decreased oxygen consumption c. Increased afterload d. Increased preload b (Decreased oxygen consumption During the time period of the aortic crossclamp, there is increased mixed venous oxygen saturation as there is a reduction in total body oxygen consumption and decreased total body oxygen extraction. Other factors that impact mixed venous oxygen saturation include arterial oxygen saturation, hemoglobin concentration and cardiac output. During aortic cross-clamping these variables may also change, but they likely would be responsible for decreasing the mixed venous oxygen saturation (in the case of arterial desaturation, bleeding, decreased cardiac output).) Signs of cardiac tamponade include: (Select 2) a. distended neck veins b. increased QRS voltage seen on ECG c. decreased central venous pressure d. bradycardia e. systemic vasoconstriction f. an increase in systolic blood pressure during inspiration a (distended neck veins, systemic vasoconstriction Cardiac tamponade is indicated by the presence of neck vein distention, hypotension, muffled heart sounds (Beck’s triad) and a greater than 10 mm Hg decline in blood pressure during spontaneous inspiration (pulsus paradoxus). Tachycardia and systemic vasoconstriction are present to maintain blood pressure with the associated decreased stroke volume. A 65-year-old man with a history of coronary artery disease and previous CABG has a 6 cm abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). He presents to the OR for elective open repair of his AAA. Which of the following medications will be MOST likely to improve his myocardial function during the aortic cross-clamping? a. Nitroprusside b. Phenoxybenzamine a (Nitroprusside Principles of hemodynamic management during the period of aortic cross-clamping in patients with decreased myocardial reserve include reduction in afterload with arteriolar dilators such as nitroprusside and reduction in preload with venodilators such as nitroglycerin. Phenoxybenzamine is longer-acting, orally administered alpha-blocker which is often used in treatment of hypertension in patients with pheochromocytoma. It is not appropriate for use in AAA repair. Care should be taken with reduction in blood pressure in order prevent worsening of visceral ischemia distal to the aortic occlusion. Vasoconstrictors such as norepinephrine and epinephrine may be useful with removal of the aortic cross-clamp in low vascular resistance states. Epinephrine is not usually required as it often increases heart rate and myocardial oxygen consumption while increasing myocardial contractility. Other helpful management options after the cross clamp is removed include volume administration, treatment for hyperkalemia, acidosis and arrhythmias.) Respiratory parameters that are increased during pregnancy include: (Select 2) a. airway resistance b. tidal volume c. oxygen consumption d. plasma bicarbonate levels e. functional residual capacity f. PaCO2 b, c (tidal volume, oxygen consumption Respiratory/ventilatory effects of pregnancy include increased oxygen consumption, decreased airway resistance, decreased FRC, increased tidal volume and rate, increased PaO2, decreased PaCO2 and decreased serum bicarbonate. A 70-year-old man suffers a ruptured descending aortic aneurysm and presents for emergent open repair. Which of the following effects is MOST important after aortic cross-clamping in determining anticipated intraoperative hemodynamic changes? a. Level of the cross clamp b. Myocardial function c. Presence of aortoiliac occlusive disease d. Volume status a (Level of the cross clamp While all of the above answers have an effect on the patient’s hemodynamics during the time of aortic cross-clamping, the major factor that determines the consequences of aortic cross-clamping is the level of the clamp on the aorta. The majority of abdominal aortic aneurysmectomies are performed with an infrarenal cross-clamp, which produces the least effect hemodynamically. Juxtarenal, suprarenal and supraceliac clamps produce increasing hemodynamic effects, in respective order. There is arterial hypertension ABOVE the level of the clamp and hypotension BELOW the level of the clamp. A patient with aortoiliac occlusive disease lives in a chronically “clamped” state and has likely developed significant collateralization due to the nature of vascular disease. Those patients have the least hemodynamic change related to cross-clamping. Volume status is very important in a patient with a ruptured aneurysm, but during the cross-clamp, central venous pressure and preload are augmented usually due to blood volume redistribution from the splanchnic vascular bed. In addition, baseline myocardial function is vitally important. In patients with preserved myocardial function, aortic cross clamping is usually well tolerated, despite the increased ventricular afterload due to the clamp. In patients who have coronary artery disease, reduced coronary blood flow, aortic regurgitation or reduced myocardial reserve, placement of the aortic cross clamp may be met with decompensation, dilation and failure of the left ventricle, with resultant acute mitral regurgitation and pulmonary edema.) Neuromuscular blocking agents that undergo metabolism through the Hofmann elimination include: (Select 2) a. rocuronium b. vecuronium c. atracurium d. doxacurium e.cisatracurium f. succinylcholine c, e (atracurium, cisatracurium Atracurium and cisatracurium are bisquaternary ammonium benzylisoquinoline compounds of intermediate duration of action. They are degraded via two metabolic pathways. One of these pathways is the Hofmann reaction, a nonenzymatic degradation with a rate that increases as temperature and/or pH increases. The second pathway is nonspecific ester hydrolysis. Prostaglandin E1 is MOST appropriate for which of the following congenital cardiac lesions? a. Interrupted aortic arch b. Patent ductus arteriosus c. Pulmonary hypertension d. Truncus arteriosus a (interrupted aortic arch Prostaglandin E1 (0.1 ug/kg/min) maintains ductal patency (and in some cases can reopen a closed duct) by directly acting on vascular smooth muscle. It is critically important in any cardiac lesion where systemic oxygen delivery is dependent on ductus flow. Interrupted aortic arch is a ductal-dependent cardiac lesion. Pulmonary hypertension may also benefit from prostaglandin but it is a different prostaglandin (E12, not E1).) A 34-year-old female is undergoing tumescent liposuction of the abdomen and flanks. Peak serum levels of local anesthetic from the tumescent solution are most commonly seen in: a. the first 2 hours b. 4 to 6 hours c. 7 to 9 hours d. 12 to 14 hours d (12 – 14 hours Tumescent liposuction is commonly done with large volumes of tumescent solution consisting of normal saline with 1:1,000,000 epinephrine and 0.025 – 0.1% lidocaine. Peak serum levels of lidocaine occur 12 – 14 hours after injection and decline over the next 6 – 14 hours. Treatment with prostaglandin E1 is initiated in a newborn with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Which of the following is the MOST likely side effect of prostaglandin E1? a. Apnea b. Arrhythmias c. Hypertension d. Hypothermia a (Apnea Prostaglandin E1 (0.1 ug/kg/min) maintains ductal patency (and in some cases can reopen a closed duct) by directly acting on vascular smooth muscle. It is critically important in any cardiac lesion where systemic oxygen delivery is dependent on ductus flow. Apnea, hypotension, and fever are important side effects of prostaglandin E1.) A person acting as an amicus curiae: a. is not a party to the litigation b. gives expert testimony for the defense c. gives expert testimony for the plaintiff d. cannot file a written brief a (is not a party to the litigation Amicus curiae is a phrase that literally means ‘friend of the court’ — someone who is not a party to the litigation, but who believes that the court’s decision may affect its interest. An expert, not associated with either the defendant or plaintiff may, at the court’s discretion, file a brief or give testimony to assist the court in decision making. “Amicus curiae.” URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amicus_curiae “Amicus curiae.” URL: http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/amicus%20curiae) Which of the following cardiac findings during pregnancy is MOST ABNORMAL? a. Cardiomegaly on chest x-ray b. Right bundle branch block c. S4 heart sound c (S4 heart sound Cardiovascular changes in pregnancy revolve around the themes of increasing cardiac output and extension of blood flow to the placenta. Heart rate and stroke volume increase, while systemic vascular resistance decreases to reduce afterload and maintain a normal blood pressure. As a result of the increased volumes occupying the heart, a mild but normal increase in heart size can be seen and a third heart sound (S3) can be heard. Dilation of the heart can also cause new regurgitant murmurs, particularly tricuspid regurgitation, with a resulting systolic murmur. The dilation can temporarily alter conduction in the heart, leading to right-axis deviation and right bundle branch block. An S4 heart sound is almost always pathologic, and this holds true in pregnant women: it should be investigated fully if present.) A previously healthy 32-year-old G1P0 patient at 39 weeks gestation is rushed to the operating room for cesarean delivery after fetal heart rate tracings display prolonged late decelerations. The patient is induced with propofol, intubated by rapid sequence with succinylcholine, and maintained with 1.8% isoflurane in 100% oxygen. The fetus is delivered safely, but the patient’s blood pressure is noted to be 85/40 mmHg throughout the procedure, down from a baseline of 115/60 mmHg; it responds appropriately and transiently to ephedrine and phenylephrine boluses. The heart rate range is 70-90 bpm, SpO2 is 100% and blood loss is estimated at 900 mL. What is the most likely etiology of hypotension? a. Anesthetic overdose b. Amniotic fluid embolism c. Chorioamnionitis d. Postpartum hemorrhage a (Anesthetic overdose Pregnant patients have decreased MAC requirements of 25-40% compared to non-pregnant women. Isoflurane at 1.8% would be a high dose even in non-pregnant patients (roughly 1.5 MAC), but adjusting for pregnancy it would be closer to 1.7- 2.0 MAC, or approximately the level at which the sympathetic system stops responding to stimuli (MAC-bar). Such hypotension should respond well to pharmacologic sympathetic stimulation with ephedrine or phenylephrine. In contrast, amniotic fluid embolism rapidly deteriorates to total cardiovascular collapse. The blood loss is typical for a cesarean delivery and since the heart rate is not increased, postpartum hemorrhage is less likely. Chorioamnionitis would likely have been present prior to induction of anesthesia, and associated with fever, tachycardia, and possibly hypotension prior to arrival in the operating room.) Re-order the list of inhaled agents below from highest vapor pressure to lowest (Highest vapor pressure agent at top of list): (At 20o C, the highest vapor pressure of the inhaled agents is possessed by nitrous oxide (38,700 mmHg), followed by desflurane (669 mmHg), isoflurane (238 mmHg) and sevoflurane (157 mm Hg). Clinical signs of tension pneumothorax include: a. contralateral absence of breath sounds b. ipsilateral hyporesonance to percussion c. neck vein distention c (neck vein distention A tension pneumothorax develops from air entering the pleural space through a one-way valve in the lung or chest wall. Clinical signs include ipsilateral absence of breath sounds, hyperresonance to percussion, contralateral tracheal shift and distended neck veins. A 67-year-old, 96-kg man underwent ultrasound-guided supraclavicular blockade for a 2-hour right wrist surgery. Forty ml of 0.5% bupivacaine was injected under ultrasound guidance. In the recovery room the patient reports that his breathing does not feel “normal” and you notice that his pupil diameter is unequal with the right pupil being smaller. Vital signs include HR 65 bpm, BP 117/68 mmHg, SpO2 98% on room air. Which of the following is the BEST course of action? c. Perform an emergent needle decompression of the right lung d. Reassure the patient Although pneumothorax is possible during ultrasound supraclavicular blockade, it is a very rare occurrence. With traditional landmark based supraclavicular block, it is estimated that pneumothorax occurred in 0.5% to 5%. The most common side effects during supraclavicular block are Horner’s syndrome (ipsilateral eye ptosis, miosis and anhidrosis) and phrenic nerve blockade. These occur less frequently compared to an interscalene nerve block and are estimated to occur in 30% to 50% of supraclavicular blocks and are more likely when local anesthetic volumes >20 cc are used. Reassure the patient that the symptoms will resolve as the block resolves. This is clearly not local anesthetic toxicity and therefore intralipid infusion would not be helpful.) A 34-year-old otherwise healthy woman presents for resection of an occipital glioma in the seated position. She takes no medications. Her preoperative INR is 1.5. What is the likelihood that the transfusion of 2 units of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) would normalize her INR? a. < 5% b. 25% c. 50% d. 75% e. >90% a (< 5% Abdel-Wahab prospectively audited all fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusions for an INR of 1.1-1.85 at Massachusetts General Hospital over 13 months (324 transfusions had the necessary follow up data). Transfusion of FFP resulted in normalization of only PT-INR values in 0.8% of patients and decreased the INR halfway to normalization in 15% of patients. Interestingly, there was no significant relationship between pretransfusion INR and likelihood of achieving 50 percent correction of the INR after FFP transfusion). There was no dose-response effect, and increasing amounts of FFP did not appear to result in larger decrements in INR. Median decrease in INR was 0.07.) A patient’s blood type is to be determined. No agglutination is seen when the patient’s blood is mixed with Anti-A antibody or Anti-B antibody. Agglutination is seen when the patient’s blood is mixed with Anti-D antibody. Which ABO blood type PRBCs would be acceptable to administer to this patient? a. A positive b. AB positive c. B positive d. O positive (O positive Many antigens are present on the surface of red blood cells. A and B antigens are capable of causing an antibody response that results in fatal intravascular hemolysis, whereas reaction of the D antigen with its antibody can cause hemolytic disease of the newborn. Red blood cells exist with one of 3 clinically important states: A antigen only, B antigen only, or neither the A or the B antigen. When a type and screen is performed, antibodies towards the A and B antigens are mixed with the patient’s blood to check for agglutination, which will occur when the patient’s blood contains the appropriate antigen. In the case above, no agglutination occurs with the mixture of either Anti-A or Anti-B antibodies to the patient’s serum, indicating that the red blood cells do not have either A or B antigen on their surfaces (type O). Agglutination does occur with Anti-D antibody, however, so the Rh type of the patient is “positive,” hence the patient is Type O positive. Because this patient has Type O positive blood, they must receive Type O blood. Because they do have the D antigen, though, they can receive either Rh positive or Rh negative blood.) A 57-year-old woman has undergone cerebral aneurysm coil embolization under general anesthesia. She awakens but cannot move her right arm and leg and is having trouble following commands. An emergent head CT is performed. Air emboli are visible in the left middle cerebral artery territory. What is the MOST appropriate initial treatment? a. Air aspiration b. Hyperbaric oxygen c. Intravenous thrombolysis (alteplase) d. Heparin infusion Emergent treatment for stroke secondary to air embolism is hyperbaric oxygen. Cerebral perfusion pressure should be maintained and the patient placed on 100% oxygen while awaiting hyperbaric therapy. The hormones produced by the adrenal gland are shown below. By dragging & reordering the selections in yellow, match the hormone to the site of production in the adrenal gland. a. Glucocorticoids 1. Adrenal Medulla b. Mineralocorticoids 2. Zona Reticularis c. Sex Steroids 3. Zona Glomerulosa d. Catecholamines 4.Zona Fasciculata a. Glucocorticoids 4.Zona Fasciculata b. Mineralocorticoids 2. Zona Glomerulosa c. Sex Steroids 3. Zona Reticularis d. Catecholamines 1. Adrenal Medulla You are delivering a 10-hour anesthetic for craniotomy. ABG reveals pH 7.35, PCO2 25 mmHg, PO2 183 mmHg, and HCO3 17 mEq/L with base deficit -9. Other electrolytes include: Na 142 mEq/L, K 3.9 mEq/L, Cl 115 mEq/L, CO2 17 mEq/L, BUN 24 mg/dL, Cr 1.1 mg/dL. Which of the following is the MOST likely metabolic abnormality? a. Anion-gap acidosis b. Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis c. Lactic acidosis d. Mannitol toxicity b (Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis The ABG and electrolytes reveal a hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis. The anion gap is 10, which makes a lactic acidosis unlikely. Infusion of large volumes of solutions containing sodium chloride and no alkali can cause a hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis. This is due to a dilution of the preexisting bicarbonate and to decreased renal bicarbonate reabsorption as a result of volume expansion.) A 67-year-old man with a history of coronary artery disease, diabetes and hypertension is undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. After induction the patient becomes hypotensive with a blood pressure of 85/47 mmHg. A TEE probe is in place. Which TEE view is MOST likley to identify myocardial ischemia in regions supplied by all of the 3 main coronaries (right, left anterior descending and circumflex arteries)? A. Mid-esophageal four chamber view B. Mid-esophageal short axis view C. Transgastric long axis view of the left ventricle D. Transgastric mid-papillary short axis view D (Transgastric mid-papillary short axis view ((TEE) is an effective tool in detecting myocardial ischemia as manifested by left ventricular systolic dysfunction. In fact, echocardiographic evidence of wall motion abnormalities has been shown to precede ECG evidence of ischemia. Furthermore TEE has also been shown to be sensitive in the detection of ischemia. The transgastric mid-papillary short axis view is recommended for monitoring of ischemia because it shows portions of the myocardium that are perfused by all three main coronary arteries: the right, left anterior descending and circumflex arteries. It should be noted that this view does have its limitations as it does not provide information about the right ventricle, or the basal or apical segments of the left ventricle.) A (the supine position B (Benzodiazepines Delirium in the ICU may be to be related to benzodiazepine use. Benzodiazepine use appears to be associated with an increase in delirium when compared to dexmedetomidine – both the Maximizing Efficacy of Targeted Sedation and Reducing Neurological Dysfunction (MENDS) [Pandharipande et al.] and the Safety and Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine Compared to Midazolam (SEDCOM) [Riker et al.] studies suggest that dexmedetomidine may decrease delirium when compared to benzodiazepines.) D (D5 0.45NS A 67-year-old man with a history of coronary artery disease, diabetes and hypertension is undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. After the induction of anesthesia, the patient becomes hypotensive with a blood pressure of 85/47 mmHg. Which of the following monitors is the MOST sensitive for detecting myocardial ischemia? a. Central venous pressure c. Pulmonary artery occlusion pressure d. Transesophageal echocardiography d. (Transesophageal echocardiographyTransesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is an effective tool in detecting myocardial ischemia as manifested by left ventricular systolic dysfunction. In fact, echocardiographic evidence of wall motion abnormalities has been shown to precede ECG evidence of ischemia. Furthermore, TEE has also been shown to be sensitive in the detection of ischemia. Central venous pressure and systolic pulmonary artery pressure may change during ischemia, but neither is sensitive nor specific for ischemia.) Systemic levels of mepivacaine would MOST likely be the greatest 10 minutes after which of the following regional techniques using an equal volume of 1.5% mepivacaine? a. Brachial plexus b. Caudal c. Epidural d. Intercostal d (Intercostal Systemic absorption of a local anesthetic is determined by the site of injection, the concentration and volume of local anesthetic, the addition of vasoconstricting additives, and the pharmacologic profile of local anesthetic. Generally speaking, the more vascular the region the higher the blood levels after injection. Absorption from the intercostal space is rapid, with plasma concentrations peaking as quickly. Many people use the acronym “ICE-BS” (Intercostal — Caudal — Epidural – Brachial plexus – Spinal) to remember fastest to slowest systemic absorption.) An otherwise healthy 25-year-old man is scheduled to undergo removal of ankle hardware under general anesthesia. A popliteal nerve block is performed for postoperative analgesia via an anterior approach using nerve stimulation. Which of the following motor responses at 0.5 mA nerve stimulation is expected when the needle is appropriately near the tibial nerve? a. Plantar flexion of ankle b. Dorsiflexion of ankle c. Eversion of ankle d. Toe extension a (Plantar flexion of ankle The sciatic nerve splits into the tibial and common peroneal nerve around the level of the popliteal fossa. The tibial nerve goes on to innervate the gastrocnemius and the soleus muscles of the calf, which function in flexion of the foot and ankle. A motor response for the tibial nerve would therefore result in plantar flexion of the ankle and toe flexion (not extension). Stimulation of the common peroneal nerve results in ankle eversion and dorsiflexion.) A 26-year-old woman presents for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. She has a family history of sudden death and was found to have hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Which of the following is a MOST correct regarding hypertrophic cardiomyopathy? a. Decreased systemic vascular resistance following induction can be beneficial since it increases cardiac output b. Beta blockers will worsen stroke volume in HCM c. Reverse Trendelenburg position during laparoscopy can worsen the systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve leaflet d. The gradient across the aortic valve will be likely to be higher than the gradient across left ventricular outflow tract c (Reverse Trendelenburg position during laparoscopy can worsen the systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve leaflet Asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy is characteristic of HCM, which can be diagnosed by echocardiography. Hypertrophy is more common in the upper interventricular septum, below the aortic valve leading to left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction. High velocity blood flow across the LVOT during systole can result in venturi effect leading to suctioning of anterior mitral leaflet into LVOT (known as systolic anterior motion of mitral valve leaflet or SAM). Factors that increase the velocity of blood across LVOT such as decreased systemic vascular resistance, decreased preload, and increased myocardial contractility can result in SAM and a worsening in the LVOT obstruction. Since the obstruction is at level of the LVOT, the gradient is higher across LVOT than at the level of aortic valve. However, the obstruction is dynamic compared to a fixed obstruction such as aortic valve stenosis. The beneficial role of beta-blockers is due to the decreased heart rate with resultant prolongation of diastole and increased time for passive ventricular filling.) Stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system results in: a. far vision accommodation b. increased inotropy c. increased insulin secretion d. contraction of the urinary sphincter C (increased insulin secretion Insulin secretion is increased by stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system through the vagus nerves. A 9-month-old infant with beta-thalassemia major was initially normal at birth with no evidence of hemolysis or anemia. The presence of which hemoglobin is the MOST likely reason for this presentation at birth? a. Hemoglobin A b. Hemoglobin B-thal c. Hemoglobin F d. Hemoglobin S c (Hemoglobin F Normal hemoglobin has two alpha and two beta globin protein chains. A deficiency or absence of the alpha chain results in Alpha-thalassemia and a deficiency or absence of one or more of the beta chains results in Beta-thalassemia. Newborns with Beta-thalassemia major usually are normal at birth because of the initial predominance of hemoglobin F. As this hemoglobin is replaced with defective hemoglobin, they develop anemia from hemolysis during the first year of life.) Neuraxial anesthesia is MOST appropriate for which of the following patients? a. A 32-year-old woman patient receiving a recombinant hirudin derivative (desirudin, lepirudin) due to previous heparin induced thrombocytopenia. b. A 55-year-old woman undergoing total hip arthroplasty who is receiving aspirin 325mg bid c. A 70-year-old man who had a drug-eluting stent placed 6-months ago and continues on clopidogrel therapy d. A 75-year-old man who stopped coumadin 3 days ago and the INR is pending b (A 55-year-old woman undergoing total hip arthroplasty who is receiving aspirin 325mg bid Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs seem to represent no added significant risk for the development of spinal hematoma in patients having epidural or spinal anesthesia. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (including aspirin) do not create a level of risk that will interfere with the performance of neuraxial blocks. Caution should be used when performing neuraxial techniques in patients recently discontinued from long-term warfarin therapy. In the first 1 to 3 days after discontinuation of warfarin therapy, the coagulation status (reflected primarily by factor II and X levels) may not be adequate for hemostasis despite a decrease in the INR (indicating a return of factor VII activity). Adequate levels of II, VII, IX, and X may not be present until the INR is within reference limits. We recommend that the anticoagulant therapy must be stopped (ideally 4-5 days before the planned procedure) and the INR must be normalized before initiation of neuraxial block. On the basis of labeling and surgical reviews, the suggested time interval between discontinuation of thienopyridine therapy and neuraxial blockade is 14 days for ticlopidine and 7 days for clopidogrel. Recombinant hirudin derivatives, including desirudin (Revasc), lepirudin (Refludan), and bivalirudin (Angiomax) inhibit both free and clot-bound thrombin. Argatroban (Acova), an l-arginine derivative, has a similar mechanism of action. These medications are indicated for the treatment and prevention of thrombosis in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and as an adjunct to angioplasty procedures. There is no “antidote”; the antithrombin effect cannot be reversed pharmacologically. Although there are no case reports of spinal hematoma related to neuraxial anesthesia among patients who have received a thrombin inhibitor, spontaneous intracranial bleeding has been reported.) d (Reassure the patient A 28-year-old woman with a grossly infected ingrown toenail presents for debridement of the affected area. The great toe is swollen, with red streaks radiating up the foot. The orthopedic surgeon plans to inject local anesthetic directly into the infected area prior to debriding the toe. Which of the following BEST explains why the injection of local anesthetics into an abscess is LESS effective than an ankle block? a. More highly protein bound in acidotic tissue b. More highly ionized in acidotic tissue c. More highly lipid soluble in acidotic tissue d. More rapidly metabolized in acidotic tissue b (More highly ionized in acidotic tissue Onset of action is largely dependent on the Pka of the local anesthetic and the total dose administered. Nonionized forms of local anesthetics pass more easily through lipid bilayer; therefore, in an acidic environment there will be more local anesthetic in the ionized form and the onset will be slower and patchy.) What is the maximal reduction in the cerebral metabolic requirement for oxygen (CMRO2) achievable exclusively through the use of high-dose barbiturates? e. 90% At best, high-dose barbiturates can only reduce the CMRO2 by approximately 50%. Barbiturates, as most anesthetics, are only able to reduce that proportion of the CMRO2 that is responsible for electrical activity. As electrical activity accounts for only about 50% of the CMRO2, barbiturates can only reduce it by an equivalent amount. Further reductions in CMRO2 are really only possible with hypothermia.) You are taking care of a 6-week-old infant with congenital lobar emphysema. He was born full term and was doing well at home until he developed respiratory distress. He is scheduled for a left upper lobe resection via a thoracotomy. He has been NPO for breast milk for 6 hours and he is now in the operating room. After the placement of standard ASA monitors, what is the MOST appropriate immediate anesthetic plan? a. Inhalation induction, controlled ventilation, double lung ventilation b. Inhalation induction, spontaneous ventilation, single lung ventilation c. Intravenous induction, controlled ventilation, single lung ventilation d. Intravenous induction, spontaneous ventilation, double lung ventilation b (Inhalation induction, spontaneous ventilation, single lung ventilation Congenital lobar emphysema is a developmental anomaly of the lung that is characterized by hyperinflation of one or more of the pulmonary lobes. In patients with congenital lobar emphysema, an inhalation induction that maintains spontaneous ventilation is preferred. Positive pressure ventilation may cause respiratory compromise or pneumothorax. After the induction of anesthesia the airway is secured with an endotracheal tube. Lung isolation is recommended to minimize inflation of the emphysematous lung. This can be achieved with an endobronchial intubation, bronchial blocker or a Fogarty catheter) A 68-year-old man undergoes right colectomy for colorectal cancer. He had been taking clopidogrel, which was held for one week prior to surgery. Intraoperatively he is transfused one unit of PRBCs and one unit of platelets. On post-operative day 3, his hemoglobin drops from 10 to 8.2 mg/dL. He is hemodynamically stable and only complains of mild back pain. He is transfused 1 unit of PRBCs and follow-up Hgb is 8.4 mg/dL. What is the MOST likely cause for his anemia? a. Dilution of blood by maintenance IV fluids b. Inadequate surgical hemostasis exacerbated by preoperative clopidogrel c. Carcinoma-induced coagulopathy d. Immune-mediated reaction d (Immune-mediated reaction This patient most likely has a delayed antibody-mediated hemolytic transfusion reaction from the PRBCs given during his surgery. Hemolysis is the most likely cause for the patient’s anemia at this time due to lack of signs suggestive of acute blood loss. Such reactions can occur 3-21 days post-transfusion. Laboratory values such as elevated unconjugated bilirubin help lend evidence to this mechanism for his anemia.) Which of the following factors conveys the HIGHEST risk of abnormal placentation (accreta, increta, percreta)? a. Prior cesarean section b. Advanced maternal age c. Placenta previa d. Pre-eclampsia c (Placenta previa This is a challenging question that few people answer correctly! Most anesthesiologists do not know that placenta previa is associated with the greatest risk of abnormal placentation. While prior cesarean section, advanced maternal age, and placenta previa ALL convey an increased risk of abnormal placentation, placenta previa carries the highest risk with an odds ratio of 51.42 (vs. 2.16 for 1 prior cesarean section, or 8.62 for ?2 prior cesarean sections, and 1.14 for age). Pre-eclampsia has been shown to correlate with abnormal placentation in certain circumstances but a true causative effect has not been specified. The combination of placenta previa in the setting of multiple prior cesarean sections markedly increases the risk of abnormal placentation.) After the unintentional intravascular injection of bupivacaine during an attempted caudal, a 3-month-old 5 kg full term boy develops local anesthetic toxicity. Resuscitation is initiated with chest compressions, ventilation, and epinephrine. What is the MOST appropriate dose of 20% intralipid? a. 1 ml IV bolus b. 2.5 ml IV bolus c. 10 ml IV bolus d. 20 ml IV bolus c (10 ml IV bolus The most appropriate management is a 1.5 mL/kg bolus of 20% intralipid followed by 0.25 mL/kg/min according to Guy Weinberg [founder of LipidRescue]. In older textbooks, some authors have recommended 4 ml/kg but the dose recommended by Dr Weinberg and ASRA is 1.5 ml/kg. Propofol is NOT an appropriate substitute.) The highest level of protein binding is seen with: a. procaine b. lidocaine c. mepivacaine d. bupivacaine d (bupivacaine The physicochemical property that determines the duration of action of a local anesthetic is lipid solubility, which is directly correlated with plasma protein binding. Bupivacaine and levobupivacaine have the highest degree of protein binding (97%). A 56-year-old man is undergoing a right carotid endarterectomy with intraoperative EEG monitoring. Which of the following cerebral blood flow rates is associated with EEG deterioration? a. 10-15 mL/min/100 gm b. 15-20 mL/min/100 gm c. 20-25 mL/min/100 gm d. 25-30 mL/min/100 gm b (15-20 mL/min/100 gm EEG provides evidence of electrical activity to cortical surface cells, which is an area vulnerable to ischemia. Regional cerebral blood flow is 50-55 mL/min/100gm brain tissue and ischemia begins at 18-20 mL/min/100gm and thus EEG deterioration becomes evident in the range of 15-20 mL/min/100gm. EEG signs of ischemia include slowing of the EEG in addition to amplitude reduction. In cases of severe ischemia, the EEG becomes isoelectric. There are some limitations to use of EEG to monitor neurologic status during carotid surgery and these include that deeper structures are not able to be monitored, preexisting deficits are not accounted for or may result in lack of intraoperative EEG changes. EEG changes are also affected by temperature, blood pressure, CO2 tension and anesthetic depth.) A 9-month-old infant presents to the OR for a right inguinal hernia repair. The newborn screening was positive for beta-thalassemia major. Which of the following MOST accurately defines this condition? A. Absence of one of the beta-globin proteins B. Absence of both of the beta-globin protein C. Absence of one of the alpha-globin proteins D. AAbsence of both of the alpha-globin proteins B (Absence of both of the beta-globin protein Normal hemoglobin has two alpha and two beta globin protein chains. A deficiency or absence of the alpha chain results in Alpha-thalassemia and a deficiency or absence of one or more of the beta chains results in Beta-thalassemia. The beta chain requires a gene from each parent to produce the correct quality and quantity of beta globin. If the gene from one parent is missing or incomplete, the child will develop Beta-thalassemia minor. If the gene from both parents is missing, the child will develop Beta-thalassemia major or Cooley’s anemia.) Mechanisms of renal compensation during acidosis include: a. decreased reabsorption of filtered bicarbonate b. decreased excretion of hydrogen ions c. increased production of ammonia d. increased elimination of carbon dioxide c (increased production of ammonia The renal response to acidemia is: increased reabsorption of bicarbonate anion increased excretion of hydrogen ion in the form of titratable acids increased production of ammonia Although increased carbon dioxide elimination is a compensatory mechanism in acidemia, it is accomplished by increased alveolar ventilation. A 57-year-old man with ESRD develops progressive bradycardia with peaked T-waves following reperfusion of the renal allograft during a kidney transplant. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate initial treatment? a. Calcium chloride 500-1000 mg IV b. Glucose 25-50g/Insulin 5-10 U IV c. Hyperventilation to PaCO2 30 mmHg d. Sodium bicarbonate 8.4 % 50 ml IV a (Calcium chloride 500-1000 mg IV This patient has ECG changes that suggest symptomatic hyperkalemia. All the options listed would effectively lower serum potassium. Glucose/Insulin, hyperventilation, and bicarbonate all function by shifting potassium from the extracellular space into the intracellular space. Unfortunately, each of these interventions takes time (5-10 minute minimum) to be effective. Calcium is a physiologic antagonist and can temporarily stabilize the myocardium. Calcium is effective almost immediately and thus is the initial treatment of choice in this patient.) A 40-year-old woman with multiple sclerosis presents for a vaginal hysterectomy. Which of the following has been MOST associated with perioperative multiple sclerosis exacerbation? a. Intraoperative hyperthermia b. Ketorolac for perioperative analgesia c. Neuromuscular blockade with rocuronium d. Reversal of neuromuscular blockade with neostigmine a (Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a central demyelinating neurologic disease. MS is characterized by periods of relapse and remission and variable presentation. It is said to “vary in space [affected areas] and time [relapse and remission].” Patients may be either sensitive or insensitive to neuromuscular blockade and succinylcholine may result in hyperkalemia; however, there is no evidence that neuromuscular blockade or its reversal is associated with perioperative exacerbation. Ketorolac has not been implicated in perioperative exacerbations. Hyperthermia has been associated with perioperative exacerbations and increases as little as 1C may result in disease exacerbation.) A 67-year-old man with a history of coronary artery disease, diabetes and hypertension is undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. After the induction of anesthesia, the patient becomes hypotensive with a blood pressure of 85/47 mmHg. Which of the following monitors is the MOST sensitive for detecting myocardial ischemia? d (Transesophageal echocardiography Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is an effective tool in detecting myocardial ischemia as manifested by left ventricular systolic dysfunction. In fact, echocardiographic evidence of wall motion abnormalities has been shown to precede ECG evidence of ischemia. Furthermore, TEE has also been shown to be sensitive in the detection of ischemia. Central venous pressure and systolic pulmonary artery pressure may change during ischemia, but neither is sensitive nor specific for ischemia.) In a patient with a history of a spinal cord lesion higher than T7, marked hypertension and bradycardia is concerning for autonomic hyperreflexia. Normally, descending inhibitory impulses travel down the spinal cord to block reflex arcs to cutaneous, visceral, or proprioceptive stimuli. This arc is disrupted in spinal cord injury and can lead to autonomic instability, most notably severe hypertension followed by a sustained vagal response including bradycardia, vasodilation, and cutaneous flushing. Treatment is supportive, including stopping the inciting stimulus (ask surgeons to pause) and lowering the blood pressure to normal levels via vasodilators and assuring adequate levels of anesthesia.) The most common complication of thoracic paravertebral nerve block is: a. hypotension b. subarachnoid injection c. pneumothorax d. intravascular injection c (pneumothorax Pneumothorax is the most common complication of paravertebral block and a chest radiograph is needed upon completion of the block. Other complications include subarachnoid injection, epidural injection, intravascular injection, and hypotension. Regional anesthesia of this area can be accomplished with a block of the: Radial nerve Regional anesthesia in this area can be accomplished with a block of the: Median nerve Regional anesthesia in this (doral) area can be accomplished with a block of the: Regional anesthesia in this (ventral) area can be accomplished with a block of the: d (treatment of hypotension with phenylephrine This pressure-volume loop is indicative of aortic stenosis. Patients with severe aortic stenosis have a fixed stroke volume, and cardiac output is rate dependent. Both tachycardia and bradycardia are poorly tolerated. Vasodilation from regional anesthesia or volatile agents may precipitate severe hypotension. Treatment of hypotension should be prompt and accomplished with small doses of an alpha-stimulant such as phenylephrine. Anesthetic management of the patient with the pressure-volume loop shown below (red) should include: a. maintenance of a heart rate of < 50 b. spinal or epidural anesthesia if possible c. vasodilator therapy d. treatment of hypotension with phenylephrine A 55-year-old previously healthy woman presents with trigeminal neuralgia. Which of the following agents is the MOST appropriate first-line pharmacologic treatment? a. Amitriptyline b. Carbamazepine c. Oxycodone d. Phenytoin b (Carbamazepine Trigeminal neuralgia is characterized by intense, stabbing pain in the distribution of the trigeminal nerve. The symptoms are usually unilateral. The patient may experience exacerbations with more frequent attacks, followed by remissions with fewer and less frequent attacks. Carbamazepine (Tegretol) [CNS Na-Ch blocker]is the first line treatment for trigeminal neuralgia.) Which of the following drugs is included in Step 1 in the World Health Organization (WHO) analgesic ladder? a. Codeine b. Ketoprofen c. Propoxyphene d. Tramadol b (Ketoprofen The World Health Organization (WHO) analgesic ladder was established in 1986 to guide physicians developing treatment plans for cancer pain. In general terms, Step 1 includes Non-opioid analgesics, with or without adjuvants. Step 2 includes “weak” opioids (such as codeine, propoxyphene, and tramadol), with or without adjuvants. Step 3 includes “strong” opioids (such as morphine, fentanyl, and methadone) and non-opioids, without or without adjuvants. Ketoprofen is the only non-opioid listed. Which of the following is LEAST likely to be a contraindication to left ventricular assist device (LVAD) placement? a. An atrial septal defect b. Severe aortic insufficiency c. Severe mitral regurgitation d. Severe mitral stenosis This is a challenging question that few people answer correctly! Most anesthesiologists do not know contraindications to left ventricular assist device (LVAD) placement. Placement of a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) improves forward flow and typically reduces mitral regurgitation; therefore, this is not a contraindication to placement. Severe mitral stenosis must be corrected as it is an impediment to flow into the LVAD’s inflow cannula. An atrial septal defect (or significant PFO) could result in right to left shunting and hypoxemia. Severe aortic regurgitation would cause most of the flow out of the LVAD’s outflow cannula to go back into the left ventricle instead of systemically.) In acute hemorrhage and resuscitation, which of the following coagulation factors is MOST likely to reach a critically low level first? a. Factor VIII b. Fibrinogen c. Platelets d. Thrombin (Factor IIa) Fibrinogen will reach a critical level (i.e., below 100 mg/dL) after loss of about 1.5 blood volumes. Other coagulation factors typically reach critical levels after about 2 to 2.5 blood volumes.) Which of the following would be LEAST likely to decrease mixed venous oxygen saturation (SVO2)? a. Anemia b. Cyanide poisoning d. Shivering Cyanide poisoning results in the cell’s inability to utilize oxygen for ATP production, thus the body’s oxygen consumption (VO2) is low. SVO2 is inversely related to VO2, thus SVO2 would be expected to be high in cyanide poisoning. Shivering would result in the opposite — an increase in VO2 and therefore a decrease in SVO2. Anemia and hypoxemia both result in a lower SVO2.) A 110 kg man presents for right upper lobectomy via a thoracoscopic approach for squamous cell carcinoma located in the right upper lobe. His preoperative exam is significant for micrognathia. Which of the following characteristics of a single lumen ETT used with a bronchial blocker instead of a double lumen endobronchial tube provides the GREATEST advantage in this patient? a. Relative ease of intubation with single lumen ETT b. Superior and reliable lung isolation c. Use of CPAP for operative lung d. Decreased cost a (Relative ease of intubation with single lumen ETT Various techniques exist for lung isolation and one lung ventilation (OLV) during thoracoscopic lung resection. Either a double lumen endobronchial tube (DLT) or a single lumen ETT with a bronchial blocker can be successfully used to achieve OLV. Although better lung isolation is typically achieved with a DLT, single lumen ETT’s with bronchial blockers do offer some advantages. Because the airway is secured with a single lumen tube, the actual act of intubation is typically easier (note, though, that it is not necessarily easier to achieve correct positioning of the bronchial blocker for lung isolation than it is for positioning of the DLT within the tracheobronchial tree, (Bauer et al. 2001).). Additionally, single lumen ETT’s with bronchial blockers allow the isolation of individual lung segments, and should mechanical ventilation need to be continued post-operatively, tube exchange is not required. Bronchial blockers, however, are associated with a greater expense. It is not possible to apply CPAP or suction the operative lung through a bronchial blocker.) An otherwise healthy 45-year-old woman is seen at an ambulatory surgical center for release of Dupuytren’s contracture. A brachial plexus block is performed using the axillary approach. Assuming that no other nerve blocks are performed, and that the axillary block successfully achieves a complete motor and sensory block in its intended distribution, which of the following motor responses in the blocked extremity would MOST likely still be present? a. Wrist flexion b. 1st-5th digit adduction c. Forearm supination d. Extension of the MCP joints c (Forearm supination At the level of the axillary artery, the brachial plexus has divided into three cords (medial, lateral, and posterior), which are named in relationship to the axillary artery. These three cords travel with the axillary artery within the axillary sheath. The musculocutaneous nerve, however, as a terminal branch of the lateral cord, travels separately and is NOT located inside the axillary sheath. Thus, it must be blocked separately from an axillary brachial plexus block. Assuming that a musculocutaneous nerve block has not been performed, we would not expect to see a motor block of the biceps muscle, and elbow flexion and forearm supination, as well as cutaneous sensation to the lateral forearm, would be intact.) Two days after resection of a brain tumor through a right frontal craniotomy, a 70-year-old man has persistent postoperative delirium with waxing-waning mental status. His sodium is 136 mEq/L and glucose is 123 mg/dL. A head CT reveals some residual pneumocephalus but no hemorrhage. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate next step in his care? a. Brain MRI b. Transcranial Doppler d. High flow oxygen (FiO2 1.0) c (Continuous EEG monitoring The basic differential diagnosis for a patient with neurologic decline post-craniotomy is the following: 1. Hemorrhage 2. Tension pneumocephalus 3. Venous or arterial stroke 4. Hydrocephalus 5. Infection (urinary, pulmonary, CNS) 6. Seizures 7. Metabolic (usually sodium abnormalities). 8. Retraction injury/surgical injury. Items 1-4 are “ruled out” with a CT scan to a large extent. Infection is a consideration and should be considered, especially if the patient is on high dose dexamethasone. Surgical injury to the brain (whether avoidable or unavoidable) is possible, but generally should not produce fluctuating encephalopathy after resection of a unilateral frontal lobe tumor. Therefore, seizure activity should be highly suspected and investigated.) A 5 kg 3-month-old full term boy presents for right inguinal hernia repair. A caudal block is performed with 1 ml/kg 0.25% bupivacaine during sevoflurane anesthesia via an endotracheal tube. The infant’s vital signs prior to injection reveal a HR of 133 bpm, SBP 83 mmHg, upright T-waves in lead II. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate test dose of epinephrine? a. 1 mcg b. 2.5 mcg c. 10 mcg d. 25 mcg b (2.5 mcg The dose of epinephrine required to identify intravascular injection for pediatric regional anesthesia during inhaled anesthesia is 0.5 mcg/kg up to a max of 15 mcg. Sethna described HR and BP changes with intravenous injections of 0.5 and 0.75 mcg/kg of epinephrine in infants greater than 3 mo. 0.5 mcg/kg was almost identical to 0.75 mcg/kg regarding heart response. SBP was more consistently elevated in patients receiving 0.75 mcg/kg of epinephrine.) A 3-month-old full term boy presents for right inguinal hernia repair. He experiences an intravascular injection during the administration of a caudal the test dose. Atropine was administered 5 minutes prior to the test dose. What is the EARLIEST clinical marker of this intravascular injection of epinephrine? a. HR increase greater than 10 bpm b. HR increase greater than 20 bpm c. SBP increase greater than 25 mmHg d. ST segment elevation greater than 25% a (HR increase greater than 10 bpm The earliest sign of intravascular injection is T wave elevation greater than 25% (not ST segment elevation). Another very sensitive marker of intravascular injection is an elevation in HR of 10 or more bpm. Unlike adults, children are usually under anesthesia during the test dose and the sensitivity of epinephrine is reduced (especially when halothane was used) if the standard HR response of 20 bpm is expected. The administration of an anticholinergic and reducing the HR response to 10 bpm will increase the sensitivity of the test dose. In fact some evidence suggests that if atropine or glycopyrrolate is given prior to the test dose and a HR of 10 bpm is utilized, the sensitivity of 0.5 mcg/kg is 100%.) Characteristics of omphalocele include: (Select 2) a. location lateral to the umbilicus b. lacks a hernia sac c. results from the failure of midgut migration into the abdomen d. nitrous oxide should be used during the repair to ensure a rapid emergence e. association with trisomy 21 f. results from abnormal development of the right omphalomesenteric artery c, e (association with trisomy 21, results from the failure of midgut migration into the abdomen Gastroschisis and omphalocele are characterized by defects in the abdominal wall that allow herniation of the viscera. Omphaoceles occur at the base of the umbilicus, have a hernia sac and are commonly associated with other anomalies. In contrast, gastroschisis is usually lateral to the umbilicus, lacks a hernia sac and is usually an isolated finding. Nitrous oxide is best avoided during repair as it may result in bowel distention making closure more difficult. A 70 kg adult man presents for emergent exploratory laparotomy after free air is seen on abdominal imaging. In addition, his serum sodium is 160 mEq/L. Which of the following is NOT true? a. A relatively higher concentration of sevoflurane will be needed for adequate anesthesia b. The fastest rate at which his sodium should be corrected is 1.5 mEq/L/h. c. His condition would likely be worsened by administration of demeclocycline. d. Rapid correction of his sodium level could result in permanent neurologic deficit b (The fastest rate at which his sodium should be corrected is 1.5 mEq/L/h. In general, plasma sodium concentration should not be decreased faster than 0.5 mEq/L/h. Rapid correction of hypernatremia can result in permanent neurologic damage, as well as seizures and brain edema. Hypernatremia increases the minimum alveolar concentration for inhaled anesthetics. Demeclocycline is a tetracycline antibiotic that interferes with the action of ADH. By blocking ADH at its receptor, demeclocycline impairs the ability of the kidneys to concentrate urine, and therefore may worsen hypernatremia. Because of this effect, demeclocycline is used as off label treatment for SIADH.) A 30-year-old man with acromegaly undergoes the transsphenoidal resection of a pituitary adenoma. On postoperative day one, the patient develops a brisk diuresis. Which of the following laboratory measurements MOST supports the diagnosis of diabetes insipidus? a. Serum sodium 145 meq/L b. Serum sodium 135 meq/L c. Urine osmolarity of 300 mOsm/L d. Urine osmolarity of 450 mOsm/L a (Serum sodium 145 meq/L Diabetes insipidus (DI) may be pituitary (central) or nephrogenic. Pituitary DI is characterized by a relative or absolute deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Nephrogenic DI is characterized by kidneys that do not respond normally to ADH. In the context of pituitary surgery, pituitary DI is much more common. The relative or absolute deficiency of ADH results in the failure of the distal and collecting tubules to absorb water. This results in dilute urine and, most commonly, a rising serum sodium.) A previously healthy 29-year-old G1P0 patient is admitted with the diagnosis of preeclampsia and is treated with an intravenous infusion of magnesium sulfate. Later, her serum magnesium level is found to be 10 mEq/L. Which of the following is MOST correct regarding magnesium? a. ECG changes associated with hypermagnesemia include prolongation of the P-R interval and widening of the QRS complex. b. Increased levels of magnesium are associated with vasoconstriction and exacerbation of hypertension. c. Magnesium is a substance that cannot be removed via dialysis. d. Should she require general anesthesia, her dose of non-depolarizing muscle relaxant should be increased by 25%. a (ECG changes associated with hypermagnesemia include prolongation of the P-R interval and widening of the QRS complex. Pathologic increases in the levels of serum magnesium are frequently due to excessive intake (magnesium containing antacids, laxatives, or treatment during pregnancy induced hypertension and preeclampsia). Loss of deep tendon reflexes occurs at 10 mEq/L, with the risk of cardiac depression, ECG changes, and ultimately respiratory arrest increasing as levels rise. ECG changes are inconsistent, but frequently show a widening of the QRS complex and a prolongation of the P-R interval. Increased levels of magnesium are associated with a drop in SVR and hypotension, not hypertension. Magnesium interferes with the release of acetylcholine, thus potentiating neuromuscular blocking drugs so the dose would need to be decreased, not increased. Magnesium can be dialyzed if necessary.) Disodium edetate or sodium metabisulfite is added to formulations of propofol to: a. enhance drug solubility b. adjust pH c. inhibit bacterial growth d. increase drug potency c (inhibit bacterial growth Current formulations of propofol contain 0.005% disodium edetate or 0.025% sodium metabisulfite to help retard the rate of microorganism growth. According to the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association 2009 Expert Consensus Document on pulmonary hypertension, the diagnosis of pulmonary arterial hypertension does NOT require which of the following? a. Resting mPAP > 25mmHg b. PVR > 3 Wood units c. PCWP/LAP less than or equal to 15mmHg d. Right ventricular hypertrophy d (In order to make the diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension, the ACC/AHA expert consensus document requires right heart catheterization and confirmation of all 3 of the following hemodynamic findings: 1) Resting mPAP >25mmHg; 2) PCWP/LAP < 15 mmHg; and 3) PVR > 3 Woods units. Right ventricular hypertrophy is not required.) A 12-year-old girl presents for a posterior spine fusion. Except for idiopathic scoliosis, she is healthy and weighs 50 kg. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate dose of methadone? a. 4 mg b. 8 mg c. 12 mg d. 16 mg Typical pediatric dosing of methadone includes a bolus of 0.1-0.2 mg/kg followed by 0.05 mg/kg every 6-8 hours. Which of the following anomalies is MOST likely to be associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia? a. Horseshoe kidney b. Hypoplastic left heart c. Radial limb anomalies d. Vertebral anomalies b (Hypoplastic left heart A congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is an early developmental defect that results in the extrusion of intraabdominal organs (i.e. stomach, small intestines, kidney, liver) into the thoracic cavity. Significant cardiac disease is associated with at least 10% of of patients with CDH. Survival for patients with cardiac disease is significantly lower than for patients with normal cardiac anatomy. Patients with CDH and univentricular cardiac anatomy have a poor prognosis.) a. the postponement of elective procedures during relapse b. exacerbation induced by peripheral nerve block a (the postponement of elective procedures during relapse Surgery and other physiologically stressful events should be avoided during episodes of relapse. Epidural and other regional techniques appear to have no adverse effect, especially in obstetrics; however a lower concentration of local anesthetic should be used. Demyelinated nerve fibers are extremely sensitive to hyperthermia, but conduction is usually improved by mild hypothermia. pp. 620, 621 You are called to the NICU to perform an anesthetic on a 3.5 kg neonate with congenital diaphragmatic hernia. The patient is intubated with conventional mechanical ventilation. The most recent arterial blood gas reveals a pH 7.38, PaCO2 45 mmHg, PaO2 89 mmHg, HCO3 29 mEq/L, SaO2 of 97% on an FiO2 of 0.6. Peak airway pressures are 32 cmH2O with 5 cmH2O PEEP. Expiratory tidal volume is 45 ml. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate ventilatory management for this patient? a. Decrease peak airway pressure to 25 cmH2O b. Decrease FiO2 to 50% c. Increase FiO2 to 90% d. Increase PEEP to 7 cmH2O a (Decrease peak airway pressure to 25 cmH2O Due to the concern of aggressive ventilation on both the short-term survival as well as long-term outcomes of congenital diaphragmatic hernia, ventilatory strategies that employ small tidal volumes with permissive hypercapnia have gained widespread acceptance. Boloker, et al. suggested preservation of spontaneous ventilation, acceptance of a pre-ductal oxygen saturation of 90-95% with >80% tolerated if the infant appears comfortable, permissive hypercapnia of 60-65 mmHg, and peak inspiratory pressures < 25 cm H20.) A decrease in cerebral blood flow is seen after the administration of: b. propofol b (propofol The inhaled anesthetic agents and ketamine all increase cerebral blood flow (CBF). Benzodiazepines, etomidate, propofol and barbiturates all decrease CBF. The age group with the highest minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of desflurane is: a. 2 – 3 months b. 1 – 2 years c. 25 – 30 years d. greater than 75 years a (2 – 3 months The two-to-three-months-of-age group represents the highest MAC requirement. MAC subsequently decreases with advancing age. While providing anesthesia for a patient with a history of HIV on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) including the drug indinavir, which of the following medications is LEAST likely to have altered metabolism? b. Methadone c. Diltiazem d. Gentamicin d (Gentamicin HAART consists of a combination of drugs including nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and protease inhibitors. Protease inhibitors inhibit cytochrome p450 metabolism, specifically CYP3A. Other drugs that are substrates of CYP3A include calcium channel blockers, macrolide antibiotics, barbiturates, alprazolam, midazolam, carbamazepine, azole antifungals, phenytoin, and rifampin. Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside and is not metabolized by CYP3A.) The loss of ventricular filling as a result of acute atrial fibrillation is approximately: 15-25% ( Passive flow accounts for about 75 – 85% of ventricular filling. The remaining 15 – 25% occurs as a result of atrial contraction, which is lost during atrial fibrillation. A 57-year-old woman with a history of hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, severe asthma, and coronary artery disease presents for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The patient arrives the morning of surgery and informs the anesthesiologist that she takes a daily metoprolol but did not take it this morning. Which of the following beta-blockers would be MOST appropriate to administer to the patient prior to surgery? a. Acebutolol b. Nadolol c. Pindolol d. Timolol a (Acebutolol Patients with a history of known coronary artery disease who are taking a daily beta-blocker should continue the beta-blocker the day of surgery. Given that the patient has a history of severe asthma, it is most appropriate to administer a beta-1 selective beta-blocker. Of the above choices, only acebutolol is a beta-1 selective beta-blocker. All olols that start A to M are cardioselective (beta 1). N to Z are non-selective (beta 1&2)) Small amounts of opioids are often used to supplement the analgesic and anesthetic effects of local anesthetics administered in the epidural space. In the obstetric patient, which of the following is the MOST common side effect of 100 mcg of epidural fentanyl? a. Difficulty “pushing” if administered too close to delivery b. Pruritus c. Respiratory depression d. Uterine atony b (Pruritus Intrathecal fentanyl results in profound visceral pain relief. As fentanyl is highly lipophilic, it rapidly leaves cerebrospinal fluid and penetrates the spinal cord as well as the systemic circulation. In contrast to local anesthetics, fentanyl does not contribute to motor block or difficulty pushing. Unlike the more hydrophilic morphine, fentanyl does not have significant rostral spread within the intrathecal space and is therefore not thought to contribute to maternal respiratory depression. Common side effects of intrathecal fentanyl include pruritus (especially of the nose and trunk) and nausea, although pruritus is the most common. Epidural administration of fentanyl also results in significant systemic absorption. It can cross the placenta and result in a transient decrease in fetal heart rate variability, which can make interpretation of fetal heart rate patterns challenging. It is not thought to contribute to newborn respiratory depression under normal circumstances. Santos AC, Bucklin BA. Local Anesthetics and Opioids. In: Chestnut DH, ed. Obstetric Anesthesia. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Mosby Elsevier, 2009:247-282.) Cholinesterase inhibitors that freely cross the blood-brain barrier include: a. neostigmine b. pyridostigmine c. physostigmine d. edrophonium b (physostigmine Physostigmine is a teritary amine and has a carbamate group, but no quaternary ammonium. Therefore, it is lipid soluble and is the only clinically available cholinesterase inhibitor that freely passes the blood-brain barrier. Which of the following is MOST correct regarding the most common cause of transfusion related mortality? a. It is due to clerical error b. It is due to gram-negative bacteria c. It is due to neutrophilic immune response d. It is due to platelet-mediated response c (It is due to neutrophilic immune response Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is the most common cause of transfusion-related mortality, causing more deaths than acute hemolytic reactions from ABO blood type error. Acute hemolytic reactions are most frequently due to clerical error. Infectious complications such as sepsis occur usually from bacterial infection most common after transfusion of platelets due to storage at room temperature to maintain platelet function. Gram-negative bacteria are frequent causes of transfusion-associated sepsis as well. TRALI involves an immune response of recipient antibodies directed against donor human leukocyte antigens (anti-HLA) or human neutrophil antigens (anti-HKA) and causes an influx of neutrophils into the lungs, with subsequent activation of neutrophils and release of inflammatory mediators with the development of increased pulmonary microvascular permeability. Clinically, it is indistinguishable on chest X-ray from ARDS.) In which of the following clinical scenarios is the transfusion of cryoprecipitate LEAST appropriate? a. A patient with ongoing blood loss and a fibrinogen 140 mg/dl b. A trauma patient with massive hemorrhage who has received 10 units PRBCs. c. Spontaneous bleeding in a patient with Christmas Disease (Hemophilia B) d. Spontaneous bleeding in a patient with Hemophilia A c (Spontaneous bleeding in a patient with Christmas Disease (Hemophilia B) Cryoprecipitate contains factor VIII, fibrinogen, vWF, and factor XIII. It does not contain factor IX, which is the missing clotting factor in hemophilia B. Although DDAVP and factor concentrates are the preferred treatment in von Willebrand’s disease, cryopreciptate is an acceptable therapy if the others are not available. Hypofibrinogenemia and massive resuscitation which leads to relative fibrinogen deficiency and potentially worsened clinical bleeding are indications for administration of cryoprecipitate (or fibrinogen concentrates if available).) The most frequent manifestation of sickle cell disease is: a. pain b. splenic sequestration c. aplastic crisis d. right upper quadrant syndrome a (pain The most frequent manifestation of sickle cell disease is pain. The pain is thought to be secondary to tissue ischemia and usually affects the back, chest, extremities and abdomen. Label the graph of cerebral blood flow below, PaO2 and PaCO2 would best be represented by which curves: A PaO2 B PaCO2 (Curve A best represents the effects of changing oxygen tensions on cerebral blood flow. Hypoxemia causes a significant increase in CBF to meet the brain’s metabolic demand. Hyperoxia, however, causes little change in CBF. Curve B best represents the effects of changing carbon dioxide tensions on cerebral blood flow. Between the ranges of 20 to 80 mm Hg a linear relationship exists between PaCO2 and CBF, such that a change in PaCO2 from 30 to 60 mm Hg will double CBF. A 4-week-old neonate with Pierre Robin Sequence is scheduled for a direct laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy to evaluate his airway obstruction. In addition to micrognathia and airway obstruction, what additional feature defines this sequence? a. Cleft lip b. Craniosynostosis c. Glossoptosis d. Maxillary hypoplasia c (Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) is characterized by: 1) Small mandible (micrognathia); 2) Posterior displacement of the tongue (glossoptosis); and, 3) Airway obstruction. It is often, but not always associated with a cleft lip and/or palate. Pierre Robin is called a “sequence” (as opposed to a “syndrome”) because everything occurs as a result of mandibular undergrowth in utero. Pierre Robin sequence may occur in isolation, but is often associated with an underlying disorder. The most common syndromes associated with PRS are Stickler syndrome, velocardiofacial syndrome, and Treacher-Collins syndrome.) In which of the following arrhythmias is synchronized electrical cardioversion LEAST likely to be effective? a. Atrial fibrillation b. Multifocal atrial tachycardia c. Reentrant tachycardia d. Ventricular fibrillation d( Ventricular fibrillation Synchronized electrical cardioversion is most effectively employed to convert patients with unstable supraventricular tachycardias. The electrical shock is “synchronized” with the QRS complex in order to avoid shocking the heart during the vulnerable refractory period: It avoids an “R on T” episode. During ventricular fibrillation, there is no QRS complex and thus the device would fail to discharge) The purpose of the ductus venosus in fetal circulation is to: a. allow umbilical vein blood to bypass the liver b. allow umbilical artery blood to bypass the liver c. bypass the pulmonary circulation d. divert portal vein blood to the placenta a (allow umbilical vein blood to bypass the liver Up to 50% of the umbilical vein blood can pass directly into the inferior vena cava, bypassing the liver, through the ductus venosus. The remainder mixes with blood from the portal vein and passes through the liver prior to returning to the heart. Nagelhout, JJ, Elisha, S. Nurse Anesthesia. St. Louis: Elsevier, 2018.) A 5-year-old with Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy presents to preoperative clinic before elective bilateral lower extremity tendon lengthening. Which of the following is the MOST important for further preoperative assessment of this child? a. Complete Blood Count b. Electrolyte panel c. Electrocardiogram and echocardiogram d. History and Physical Exam c (Electrocardiogram and echocardiogram Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most common and severe form of muscular dystrophy and is an X-linked recessive disease resulting in a mutation in the dystrophin gene. DMD has effects on many organ systems in addition to skeletal muscle, including the heart. Patients frequently develop a dilated cardiomyopathy from fatty infiltration of the myocardium. This may present initially on ECG as prominent Q waves, inverted T waves, or other changes. Echocardiography will show LV wall motion abnormalities as fibrosis progresses and indicates the disease is advancing. Some form of cardiac involvement is present in up to 90% of patients; therefore, a cardiac workup is most appropriate for this patient preoperatively.) A 62-year-old otherwise healthy woman loses 1000 mL of blood rapidly during a partial hepatectomy. After adequate volume resuscitation, including the initiation of packed red blood cell transfusion, she becomes increasingly hypotensive and tachycardic. Her vital signs are BP 64/42 mmHg, HR 136 bpm, SpO2 98%, temperature 38.4°C. What is the MOST appropriate next step in management? a. Continue packed red blood cell transfusion b. Initiate fresh frozen plasma transfusion c. Continue volume resuscitation with tetrastarch d. Discontinue transfusion d (Discontinue transfusion This patient has signs suggestive of an acute transfusion reaction. Despite adequate volume resuscitation and control of surgical bleeding, she is hypotensive, tachycardic and febrile after the initiation of packed red blood cell transfusion. The transfusion should be discontinued and the blood sent back to the blood bank for testing. Febrile transfusion reactions occur in 0.5% of RBC transfusions and 30% of platelet transfusions and are thought to be due to recipient antibodies directed against HLA antigens on donor WBC or platelets. Cytokines released from WBC in stored blood product (especially platelets) may also be a contributing factor. Patients experiencing a febrile reaction have increase in temperature of > 1 C as well as headache and back pain (not obvious in patient under general anesthesia) in addition to signs similar to allergic reaction. The febrile reaction is usually delayed up to 2 hours after the transfusion but is treated successfully with acetaminophen and diphenhydramine. Leukoreduction helps to reduce febrile transfusion reactions. An acute hemolytic transfusion reaction is usually the result of ABO blood group incompatibility and may be fatal. Patients having acute hemolytic reaction present with fever, dyspnea, chest pain, low back pain and sudden hypotension. Under general anesthesia only hypotension and fever may be apparent. Acute renal failure may result; the transfusion should be stopped and volume resuscitation with addition of mannitol or furosemide should be considered.) A 74-year-old man with chronic atrial fibrillation is brought to the emergency room four hours after the acute onset of left hemiparesis. A CT angiogram reveals a right middle cerebral artery (M1 segment) occlusion. He is unable to get IV t-PA within the required window and is brought to the neurointerventional suite for endovascular clot extraction. Which of the following complications is MOST associated with a general anesthetic technique for this procedure? a. Anesthetic neurotoxicity b. Hypotension/hypoperfusion c. Inability to examine the patient during the procedure d. Aspiration pneumonia and urosepsis b (Hypotension/hypoperfusion The use of general anesthesia for acute stroke interventions is requested by many endovascular neurosurgeons, but recent retrospective data points to an association between the use of GA and worse outcome (Froehler, 2012). Prospective studies are needed. In the interim, it appears that hypotension in the setting of GA is the most likely culprit (Davis, 2012). Other possibilities include time delay in mobilizing anesthesia resources, and/or placing a patient on a critical care treatment pathway with associated morbidities (such as ongoing intubation, ventilator associated pneumonia, etc.).) Sinus arrhythmia: a. is mediated through sympathetic innervation of the AV node b. causes an increase in heart rate with inspiration c. is indicative of SA node ischemia d. is the primary cause of premature atrial contractions b (causes an increase in heart rate with inspiration Sinus arrhythmia is a cyclic variation in heart rate that corresponds to ventilation, increasing with inspiration and decreasing with expiration. Sinus arrhythmia is a normal cardiac rhythm and is due to cyclic changes in vagal tone. Which of the following anesthetic techniques is associated with the LOWEST failure rate for spinal cord stimulator placement? a. General anesthesia b. Local only c. Spinal anesthesia d. Epidural anesthesia c (Spinal anesthesia Spinal cord stimulator placement often requires both extensive surgical dissection and an awake patient for intra-operative testing to optimize the surgical result. The stimulators are placed over the spinal cord in the thoracic epidural space in most cases (the spinal cord ends at L1/2 in adults). Awake spinal cord stimulator placement is associated with a much lower failure rate. Viable anesthetic approaches include spinal anesthesia, local anesthesia with conscious sedation, and thoracic epidural anesthesia (single shot).) Of the following, the block associated with the highest blood level of local anesthetic per volume injected is the: a. epidural block b. spinal block c. intercostal block d. caudal block c (intercostal block Blood concentration of local anesthetic is dependent on the total volume and concentration injected. However, with the exception of airway blocks, the intercostal block results in the highest blood levels of local anesthetic per volume injected. Prioritization, Delegation, and Assignment Practice Exercises for the NCLEX ® Examination BRS Pathology ALL QUESTIONS Pneumo und Critical Care Medicine 1. You are the charge nurse. A client with chronic pain reports to you that the nurses have not been responding to requests for pain medication. What is your initial action? 1. Check the medication administration records (MARs) for the … A 45-year-old woman is being examined as a candidate for cosmetic breast surgery. The surgeon notes that both of her breasts sag considerably. Which structure has most likely become stretched to result in this condition? Suspensory (Coopers) ligaments The suspensory … This is the answer side of the first card in this set. Make sure you select “definition” in the “start with” box. Otherwise you will just see the answers first, which isn’t super productive. (I had to do this because … Pneumo 1 A 28-year-old man is evaluated for a 6-month history of episodic dyspnea, cough, and wheezing. As a child, he had asthma and allergies, but he has been asymptomatic since his early teenage years. His recent symptoms started after …	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line914
__label__cc	0.627813	0.372187	Street art celebrating ‘Black Williams’ to be unveiled Saturday Posted by Jonathan Maus (Publisher/Editor) on May 30th, 2017 at 12:31 pm Two of the signs that will be erected as part of the project. (Project art samples: City of Portland) Hank’s Dairy, Les Femmes, House of Sound, Fred Hampton’s Health Clinic — these are all important parts of the history of North Williams Avenue that have been all but erased today. The ‘Black Williams Project‘ — which will be unveiled this Saturday June 3rd — aims to re-insert these places and the people who made them, back into our consciousness. The project is one of the many tangible outcomes of the Portland Bureau of Transportation’s North Williams Traffic Safety Project. This project began in January 2011 as an attempt to improve the busy bikeway on Williams Avenue; but after concerns of racism from some people in the community and a lack of black voices involved in the planning process, it morphed into a citywide debate about the role bicycles play in gentrification and systemic discrimination. 18 months later a PBOT stakeholder committee decided on a major redesign of the street. In addition, stakeholders felt that users of the street should have a permanent reminder about the vibrant black culture that existed there long before the new high-rise apartments, breweries, and thousands of daily bicycle commuters. PBOT committed $100,000 of the project’s $1.5 million budget to the Black Williams Project in July 2013. As we reported last year, the project will include interpretations of the neighborhood’s cultural past through a series of sidewalk tiles, signs, sculptures and kiosks created by local artists Cleo Davis and Kayon Talton Davis. There are 40 art pieces in total. Now the work is ready and PBOT is hosting a “community celebration” for its unveiling. Here’s a snip from the invitation: Williams Ave. was once the vibrant heart of Portland’s Black community. Formerly known as the “Black Broadway,” the corridor included a concentration of Black churches, businesses, social service organizations and nightclubs that were thriving and active community institutions. This series of tiles related to the Black Panther Party will be embedded into the sidewalk. Although the landscape has changed, there is much to remember, celebrate and build upon. In 2012, the Williams Ave. Safety Project Stakeholder Advisory Committee recommended to the Portland Bureau of Transportation (PBOT) that these stories be honored through an art history project that would have a prominent place on the corridor. Thus, the community-led Honoring History of Williams Ave. Committee and the Historic Black Williams Project were born. Since then, local artists Cleo Davis and Kayin Talton Davis have been collecting stories, memories and histories from Black community members… We hope that this project will serve as both a visual archive and an inspiration for future community efforts. At Saturday’s event you can expect to hear from the artists and neighborhood leaders and there will be group and self-guided walks. For more on the art, the artists, and the important context around this project, read this story from The Skanner. Saturday’s event begins at 12:00 pm at Dawson Park. Check out the event listing for more details. black williams project, williams avenue bikeway project Montréal's amazing murals are a free street-level art gallery that's always open June 6, 2017 City launches 'Bike to Books' art contest to kick off Bike Month May 1, 2017 Do this Saturday night: Velo Cirque Bike Show, then Oregon Timber Trail Panel and Slideshow February 23, 2018 Family Biking: Join us for Kidical Massive this Saturday (9/15) September 11, 2018 Racer X May 30, 2017 at 12:38 pm Another interesting visual tool for education would be to add a “red line” in thermo across roadways* (or sidewalks or ringing utility poles, etc.) as to where banking and federal/city housing policies limited african american property ownership / bank loans post war. [And a corresponding Google Map layer to pull up while walking about.] *Not related to traffic control. Hebo May 30, 2017 at 2:36 pm “Although the landscape has changed” is pretty impressive use of the passive voice. OnTheRoad May 30, 2017 at 7:22 pm And this story is about bicycling exactly how? mran1984 May 30, 2017 at 11:47 pm What he wrote… Jonathan Maus (Publisher/Editor) May 31, 2017 at 6:51 am Hi OnTheRoad, This art project would not exist were it not for the Williams bikeway project. That project morphed over its existence from mostly a bike infrastructure project to a general street safety project with new signals and crossings. But more importantly, the Williams bikeway project became much more than a transportation project. The historical and social/cultural context of the street itself is an important part of how we should experience Williams Avenue. Williams is the busiest and – in my opinion – most important bike street in Portland. It is also in the heart of a part of town that suffered greatly from racist planning policies — the impacts of which many people continue to feel today. I would like to think that BikePortland can be about more than just the singular, specific cycling issue. To me, the sole editor and publisher, cycling isn’t just a thing we do — it’s the way we understand our city. And the history of the streets we ride on is a big part of that understanding — especially when the mere presence of 1000s of bicycle riders has played such a decisive role in that history. Hope that helps to clarify. it’s still early and this is a deep topic! Jonathan Gordon May 31, 2017 at 2:20 pm If you’re curious to learn more about why this is relevant to bicycling in Portland, I encourage you to look through the back history on BikePortland, which has seven pages worth of summaries alone: https://bikeportland.org/tag/williams-avenue-bikeway-project/ This project gained national media attention and has (hopefully) shaped how PBOT approaches all bike projects in the future. It really opened my eyes to how the issues of racial discrimination and cycling infrastructure are far from orthogonal. Thanks again Jonathan for your reporting on this project. It’s been a fascinating learning experience. Alan 1.0 May 31, 2017 at 3:15 pm Amen to both Jonathans, and also see yesterday’s Monday Roundup (emphasis mine): “While we move on with covering bicycling and related news, my thoughts remain heavy with the many issues surrounding the hate-fueled attacks on innocent people that happened Friday on a light rail train in northeast Portland. I’m not sure what form the incident and its aftermath will take here on BikePortland, but it will have an impact — both on the stories we cover and how we cover them, as well as the content and tone of the daily discussions we have in the comments.” –Jonathan Maus Monkeysee May 31, 2017 at 3:23 am … crickets. Velograph May 31, 2017 at 8:03 am I’m looking forward to seeing this on Williams! MaxD May 31, 2017 at 10:11 am I am really glad you wrote this story! I may not have heard about it otherwise, and now I am looking forward to taking my family to the opening. Bikes are a visible symbol of gentrification and riding through a place does subtly change it. Building significant bike infrastructure changes it more. Neglecting to install any safety improvements for decades also changes a place. Condemning and destroying cultural centers to install a freeway completely alters a place. People riding bikes have a relatively small effect, but it is cumulative. PBOT has played a large role and ODOT a larger role still in changing this place. The histoy of North Portland is an important and partly tragic part of Portland’s history and it is critically important to on-going race relations that this history is told (and told honestly, not like the glossed over Civil War memorials in New Orleans). I applaud BikePortland for drawing attention to this and acknowledging the role that people riding bikes has played in changing this place and how Portland and Oregon’s transportation planning can have dire consequences with clear winners and losers. This is one of the most promising pieces of interpretation/art I have seen in long time and I am very excited to experience it. Hello, Kitty May 31, 2017 at 11:50 am My hope is that everyone can ride bikes on the same streets, and that a low cost, healthy, and sustainable form of transport will not take on an undeserved symbolic meaning. Monkeysee May 31, 2017 at 1:06 pm In fact, I think this comment wins, Kitty! Tell them to just shut it down. Jonathan Maus (Publisher/Editor) May 31, 2017 at 2:33 pm fwiw monkeysee, I always try to approach these comments and all my discussions about important issues as an evolutionary and dynamic process of learning and moving forward… The idea that there always has to be a “winner” (and therefore a loser) in online conversations is, IMO, one of the main reasons our country is so f’d up. Monkeysee June 1, 2017 at 12:04 pm I find it contrary to “dynamic learning ” to sequester the most accessible and humble form of transportation into a pitiful dogma. Our social ills are not due to the bicycle. Anecdotally, I moved to North Portland 15 years ago because it resembled my far more racially diverse hometown. I now live in van. Gentrification has pushed my family to the ropes as well, and I’m as pale as they come. You see the bicycle as a systemic tool of repression . I do not. Hello, Kitty June 1, 2017 at 12:10 pm Gentrification is primarily an economic force. Kitty’s comment is reasonable, and so is my response. Hello, Kitty Keep in mind that you (and I and we) don’t get to decide whether a symbol is deserved or not. Everyone has a right to attach whatever meaning they want to bicycles and I think it’s my (our?) responsibility to be aware of those meanings and respect them — whether we agree with them or not. And FWIW what happened with the Williams project had absolutely zero to do with the myriad benefits of bicycling. Hello, Kitty May 31, 2017 at 2:47 pm I hear you. But that doesn’t change my lament that bicycles have become such a negative symbol to some people, even if I think I understand why that may have happened. We can’t change the past, but that symbolism creates a conundrum for the future: build bike facilities and promote gentrification, or don’t and promote neglect and stagnation. Jonathan Gordon June 1, 2017 at 12:19 pm Or break out of a false dichotomy and work with or donate to organizations like the Community Cycling Center, who have done a lot of reflection and work to understand this dynamic: http://www.communitycyclingcenter.org/ Hello, Kitty June 1, 2017 at 1:06 pm I agree and I do. Monkeysee June 1, 2017 at 3:35 pm Agreed once more. daisy June 5, 2017 at 3:44 am Thanks so much for posting this news! I also want to encourage folks to support the talented artists behind this project, Cleo and Kayin, by patronizing their businesses Soapbox Theory and Screw Loose Studio, one of the few black-owned businesses still on North Williams: http://shop.soapboxtheory.com/ http://screwloosestudio.com/ Soapbox Theory has cards, prints, t-shirts, and more, and Screw Loose Studio does custom screenprinting and graphic design. They’re on N Williams across from Hopworks Bike Bar. « Job: Mechanic/sales – Cyclepath New path in Waterfront Park part of Naito’s emerging role in bike network »	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line926
__label__wiki	0.9238	0.9238	College life in Philly Drexel’s slow alerts after stabbing, sex assaults draw ire: ‘Students shouldn’t have to Google’ Drexel University is dealing with some angry students after it failed to alert the community after a string of crimes in the area. Anna Orso Did the city’s second-largest university fail to alert its students about two days’ worth of violent crimes in a timely fashion? That’s the question students and community members are asking as Drexel University scrambles in the wake of reports of five assaults — one involving a break-in — and a stabbing from early Tuesday through late Wednesday. A man was arrested in connection with four of the assaults, which involved groping of female students, according to the Daily Pennsylvanian. But a separate person who allegedly broke into an apartment and sexually assaulted a student was not. Drexel students were not notified through the school’s alert system about the break-in incident that occurred early Wednesday morning, or about a stabbing that happened on campus around the same time. The confusion and string of assaults comes as students are wrapping up their semester, with final exams ending today. Police say at 4 a.m. Wednesday, a man broke into a student’s off-campus apartment at 34th and Spring Garden, wielded a meat cleaver and sexually assaulted her. The woman told police the early-morning incident meant it was too dark to provide a description of the suspect. The same morning, a Drexel student was stabbed just outside a dorm building at 33rd and Race Streets after being involved in a texting love triangle. According to the Daily News, a 20-year-old victim was in a fight with two men after one man had sent texts to another man’s girlfriend. But police couldn’t say which member of the trio was the offending texter. After NBC10 ran a story that noted the university’s lack of alert to students and dozens of messages were spread across Facebook and Twitter questioning the lack of University alerts about the matter, Drexel finally sent an alert to students at 11:51 a.m. Thursday — this time, it was about two other indecent assaults in the same area, but only noted one. No details about the time of the incident were provided in the alert. Then, another message was posted to Drexel’s alert system just after 3 p.m. from Domenic Ceccanecchio, Vice President of the University’s Department of Public Safety. Ceccanecchio said the alert was issued after two reports of indecent assault a block apart — at 34th and Powelton and 35th and Powelton — during which a perpetrator allegedly groped two female Drexel students. The suspect is described as an intoxicated 6-foot tall, black male wearing a gray and blue jacket and gray hat. No time was given, and no arrest has been made. Students received yet another email regarding the stabbing — as Ceccanecchio wrote, “the perpetrator was immediately apprehended and there was no ongoing threat to the community, a DrexelALERT was not sent, as is standard protocol.” University spokeswoman Niki Gianakaris said Drexel Police learned about the break-in and sexual assault at 34th and Spring Garden from early Wednesday morning hours after it had already occurred and did not alert students. Philadelphia Police spokeswoman Tanya Little couldn’t confirm to Billy Penn how long it took for police to notify Drexel about the incident. Schools are required through the Clery Act to provide timely warnings to students when crimes that pose a continuing threat occur on or near a campus location. Colleges must provide a timely notice to the university community when it determines a crime “presents a serious or continuing threat to students and employees.” The crime must have been reported to either campus or local police — in the case of the break-in and sexual assault, Philadelphia Police handled the call — and it must have occurred either on campus, on accessible public property or at a non-campus location, such as a Greek house or remote classroom. However, some schools go beyond these requirements and alert students when violent crimes happen in the vicinity. For example, in November alone, Temple University blasted out alerts after five incidents — four of which were off-campus. Senior Jackie Farmer, 22, a member of Drexel Students Advocating Feminism and Equality, said she lives three blocks away from where the alleged break-in and sexual assault occurred, and said she’d invited a female friend over late the next night. “Drexel needs to honor the fact that students rely on the alert system,” she said. “While we still have to go about our daily lives after we hear about these crimes, I wouldn’t have been trying to convince my female friend to walk to my place around midnight if I would have known.” Gianakaris declined to answer questions via phone about the incidents, emailed a statement that said the university is working with Philadelphia Police and didn’t return calls seeking further information. Here’s what students and community members are saying: Drexel sent out an alert for an “assault” off campus but nothing about the stabbing last night ON campus? smh — Erin McGoff (@erinmcgoff) December 11, 2014 Really dissappointed and disgusted that no Drexel alert was issued after the break in and rape of a Drexel student @DrexelUniv — alix (@lesschinski) December 11, 2014 I’m completely appalled NO alert was sent out to warn students of a rape and break-in within Drexel Public Safety parameters!@DrexelUniv — Victoria Sibalich (@VSibalich) December 11, 2014 Drexel: alerts me when there are suspicious-looking men on bicycles Drexel: does NOT alert me when a student is stabbed in front of my dorm — Snidley Nisker (@Lindsey_Kinser) December 10, 2014 Drexel student stabbed in fight this morning near all the res halls and no alert? glad to know we’re informed about what happens on campus. — Justin San Juan (@StJausofSanJohn) December 10, 2014 Drexel sends out safety alert when there’s a drunk toga man on the loose. Legitimate stabbing takes place on campus and we get nothing…. — Bianca (@_yancs) December 10, 2014 Students shouldn’t have to infer, guess, and google in order to make sense of a very serious alert. Alert’s are great. We now need more info — Drexel Safe (@DrexelSAFE) December 11, 2014 Want some more? Explore other College life in Philly stories.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line927
__label__wiki	0.675732	0.675732	Cal Golden Bear Sports Forums Bear Insider Haas Pavilion Football Growls Men's Basketball Women's Basketball Baseball and Olympic Sports Off Topic Ticket Exchange Tech Talk Classic Posts/Good Laughers Last 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 2020 Election - Catch-all Thread 65,527 Views \| 1802 Replies \| Last: 1 day ago by BearForce2 Vulgar/Obscene Flame post with no meaningful information Threatening Invasive of a person's privacy Another Bear You must be a subscriber to . In reply to sycasey • 8:57p, 5/6/19 sycasey said: GBear4Life said: dajo9 said: It's the difference between a woman's right to choose and not. Why is abortion framed as a 'woman's rights' issue? It's a human rights issue. When's the last time you saw a man give birth? Perhaps he's knows of or into "anal birth allegory" GBear4Life The sex of the birther isn't relevant to the moral arguments for/against abortion. The question is what point during gestation (if any) does the child's have a right not to die. bearister Cancel my subscription to the Resurrection Send my credentials to the House of Detention I got some friends inside sycasey In reply to GBear4Life • 9:50p, 5/6/19 For people who frame it as a women's rights issue, obviously it is. You asked why they do so, and the answer is obvious: because only women give birth. It's not the first time you've opened a line of argument with a disingenuous question like that. You need a man's seed to get pregnant. That doesn't matter. Nobody has a 'right' to end someone else's life, so the question's central premise isn't the birther (even though of course only women give birth). I get why it's framed that way, it's just faulty IMO. In reply to GBear4Life • 10:20p, 5/6/19 And people who support abortion rights generally don't think an unborn fetus is entitled to its own rights above and beyond those of the woman carrying it. There's nothing logically faulty about that premise, it depends on your subjective take on where "human life" begins. Unit2Sucks And the majority of people in this country think it's faulty for anti-choice people to mandate that women carry unwanted pregnancies to term. There are competing interests here and most freedom loving people agree that women have a right to make their own healthcare decisions. If you as the potential father have a problem with an abortion of your offspring you have plenty of options available. One of which is having a planned pregnancy with a willing partner. I have more sympathy for the dude who wants an abortion when his partner doesn't, but the republicans have shown us the answer here: pay them off. But let's be honest with ourselves. There is no point to having a discussion like this. No one is going to change their mind based on what am anonymous person says on an internet message board nor should they. You are free to hold anti-choice views and make choices accordingly. Unless Christian Sharia law takes over the US, we will be free to espouse pro-choice views and choose accordingly. In reply to Unit2Sucks • 11:35p, 5/6/19 Unit2Sucks said: These are misguided tropes. "Unwanted" is a faulty term here. That's like me saying my debt is unwanted even though I signed the loan papers. Aside from rape cases, men and women have full control over whether they get pregnant. It's not a healthcare decision in an overwhelming majority of cases. It is a conscious choice to eliminate an inconvenient pregnancy and 18 years of financial and physical responsibility, not out of health concerns. If you as the potential father have a problem with an abortion of your offspring you have plenty of options available. One of which is having a planned pregnancy with a willing partner. I agree. This is duly the case for women. Nobody is forced to be pregnant (excl rape). If you don't want to get pregnant, close your legs/put away your D. Wear a raincoat Etc etc. But let's be honest with ourselves. There is no point to having a discussion like this. Why is that the case but it's not for other issues? Unlike many other issues, there are a lot of objective facts to be considered and weighted here within the framework of the discussion. Problem is both "camps" tend to make dubious argument (or none at all). That's in part why people don't like discussing it. They have a position for a multitude of reasons that often don't stand up to scrutiny or consistency. Positions lay on a spectrum. I don't think there's an objective determination of when government should defend the rights of the unborn, but you can eliminate a lot of dubious ones, like 'starts at conception' and 'on-demand to the point of birth.' When does the a child warrant protection against the mother's convenience and bodily autonomy? That's the question. I'm not saying I have the answer. I am saying a lot of the answers/defenses professed are wrong. Calling it a "child" already biases that question from the start. Is it actually a child when it hasn't been born yet? In reply to Another Bear • 1:08a, 5/7/19 Another Bear said: Perhaps he speaks from direct experience dajo9 In reply to Yogi Bear • 4:55a, 5/7/19 Yogi Bear said: If you don't know the difference between Biden and Trump. Or even Biden and Mitt Romney I can't help you. But you were what, 5 years old, when Bush became President? He was a terrible President compared to Bill Clinton. I do know the difference between Biden and Trump. That's a stupid thing to say. Biden and Romney? Not as big as you think. As for being 5 years old when Bush became president, just LOL. I wish. It's the difference between a woman's right to choose and not. The difference between global accords on climate change and not. The difference between higher or lower taxes on the wealthy and access to health care for millions. The difference between action on guns. The difference is huge. We've had over 20 years of Republican presidents since Roe vs. Wade was passed and no sign of abortion going away. You think the Donald Trumps of the world really want abortion illegal? How much did Obama raise taxes on the wealthy? How much did he do about guns? The difference is not as big as people imagine. Abortion legalized by the Federal government is going away. The Trump Justices are the last pieces of that puzzle. Due to Obama tax hikes on the 1% they paid higher taxes than since before Reagan. He allowed the Bush tax cuts for the 1% to expire while keeping the cuts for the middle class. Obamacare also had tax increases on the 1%. Obama tried very hard to pass gun legislation, particularly after Sandy Hook. Bill Clinton also raised taxes on the wealthy and he did pass gun legislation. Don't be fooled by the rhetoric of the far left. The difference is stark. An old white dude In reply to sycasey • 8:21a, 5/7/19 Semantics. Everything that threatens your point of view is "bias". We can use whatever phrase you'd like (unborn?). Given the unborn is typically viable outside the womb at 6 months, that's a start. In reply to dajo9 • 8:26a, 5/7/19 Kicked back to the states, which already restrict abortions beyond certain number of weeks of gestation. Don't worry, when the Mississipian wants an abortion, she can go to Cali or NC In reply to GBear4Life • 9:09a, 5/7/19 Safe abortions for the wealthy only. The poor have to take their chances. That's quite the moral code you've got there. oski003 9:16a, 5/7/19 Since the rich can find ways to do something, everybody should be able to do it! That's a great justification for everything. I have no issue with the word "unborn." It's not just semantics. I think you know full well that the word you choose affects how people read the discussion. In reply to oski003 • 11:09a, 5/7/19 oski003 said: My justification is that a woman can do with her body as she pleases. GBear4Life is the one arguing for a different moral standard for the rich vs. poor. In reply to GBear4Life • 11:15a, 5/7/19 You should be pretty happy then. Only 6 states (+DC) allow abortions after viability (other than for medical reasons). You've talked about what you claim are misguided tropes and said that a lot of the answers/defenses are wrong, but what exactly is your point? I'm with Sycasey - people control their own bodies. If we're going to start making medical and health decisions for other people, I sure as heck wouldn't start at abortion. There are a lot of terrible choices that people make (starting with diet) but it's a free country. 11:19a, 5/7/19 There are other rights involved as well. If a woman can do whatever she wants with her body, why can't she have sex on the sidewalk? Anyway, I believe that Roe and Casey are good compromises, so I side with you on this issue . Personal responsibility requires that individuals take responsibility (raising a baby) for their actions (having unprotected sex). However, I do believe that the process of abortion itself is enough of a deterrent. I don't necessarily mind that abortion has a stigma. However, people that need to have abortions prior to viability should be able to do so in a healthy, accessible manner. Why even bother with such a strawman comment? I've heard every freakin' "pro-life" argument in the book from the "science" (finger prints on fetuses to heart beats) to the morality of it all. None of this matter when it's still about a person's right to control their own body. In reply to Yogi Bear • 11:27a, 5/7/19 6 weeks after conception. My wife and I have 2 kids and good healthcare. I don't think we knew she was pregnant at 6 weeks either time. https://www.huffpost.com/entry/georgia-heartbeat-abortion-bill-signed_n_5c9953eae4b0f7bfa1b576c5 B.A. Bearacus Abortion is like the wall: a necessary perpetual political struggle whose main purpose is to ensure that voters are bamboozled into voting against the economic interests of a majority of its members. Dajo please explain why my comment is a strawman. That word is overused on this board. I absolutely addressed your argument that "A woman can do with her body what she pleases." The community has a standard for non-private behavior. You know this. That's what makes it a strawman. For the record, I'm against abortion's being performed on the sidewalk. 12:00p, 5/7/19 It is the specific example of a women's right to control one's body competing with another right. It is not a strawman at all. In reply to dajo9 • 12:50p, 5/7/19 And the dumb (il)logic games begin (and more strawmen). Abortion always tends to bring them out. You don't have to carry out this logic much further to see its absurdity. In reply to Unit2Sucks • 1:07p, 5/7/19 More absurd illogic games. The "control your own body" trope with no parameters is one of the worst. One, it's vague (by design). Surely there are limits to bodily autonomy, no? What are they? Your diet analogy is pretty bad because it doesn't reflect life vs life (or potential life, whatever you want to call it). I can do whatever I want with my body so long as it doesn't result in my fist entering your face. Because you're a human with protected rights against being caused injury or death. If you lived in my stomach fully grown as you are now until birth, which I created through my conscious choices, should I be able to kill you? The body autonomy trope as this sort of end-all hammer is simply a result of a lack of wanting to actually grapple with the issue. The question is, as always, at what point of gestation (if any) should an unborn's life warrant government protection. States vary on this. Moral or intrinsic value is not dependent on geography or possession, no? Nor does that vaginal canal confer personhood, right? At some point between conception and birth, the unborn is sentient/viable etc etc develops a hearbeat, nervous system, brain, etc etc. Over 40, including liberal run states, disagree with you. 'Bodily autonomy' has limits that don't supersede an unborn's 'right to life' past certain markers of gestation. Liberal and conservative apologists for abortion point out that most states don't allow non-health related 3rd trimester abortions (true, and they are rare), but they're unmoved by the fact that some states STILL do. This is not a coincidence. I understand why people employ this kind of all-encompassing ambiguity ('people control their own bodies'). It's safe, and it sounds virtuous (it sounds like you support women and their autonomy, what's not to like). But it doesn't stand up to even their own moral values. In reply to B.A. Bearacus • 1:11p, 5/7/19 B.A. Bearacus said: This is so weak. It's like, wow, political parties manipulate constituents by exploiting hot button issues? Hold the phone! Congrats, you're a philosopher now. In reply to oski003 • 1:13p, 5/7/19 The "woman's right to control one's own body" is the stupidest pro-abortion argument out there. It's used because it's effective framing. It's like, nobody cares about other people's body, or has interest in "controlling" it. Their interest lies in the growing life inside of it. In reply to dajo9 • 1:53p, 5/7/19 What does Georgia have to do with the office of the president? GBearAg8nstChoice, without using Google, name five African Americans, living or dead, who you greatly admire. One caveat: no athletes, actors, or musicians. 2:57p, 5/7/19 GB4L - do you have a point? What are you trying to accomplish? Unless you are trying to establish that you are a tone-deaf, argumentative Steven Miller lite, it's not working. If that is your aim - kudos to a job well done. lol rec'd Seems like his goal is to accuse liberals of dastardly political framing on abortion while also making his own arguments with conservative political framing. 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__label__wiki	0.660096	0.660096	Emilio Villalba: Modernist Recoding by Tamsin Smith When our friends at Modern Eden Gallery brought to our attention a wonderful review of their current exhibition, Emilio Villalba’s Symbols of Death, Signs of Life, we were more than happy to share. Below we present ‘Emilio Villalba: Modernist Recoding by Tamsin Smith‘. Enjoy! Modern Eden Gallery Press: In this new body of work, Emilio Villalba explores interior spaces, personal artifacts, and symbols of his life. Further abstraction of the figure results into a collection of composite forms, flashes of memory, that when combined, read like intricate narratives, telling the story of their maker—telling the life of the artist. This recognizable departure from the figure, shows the artists range and reveals his passion for the abstract. While referencing works by Velasquez, Picasso, and Philip Guston, the artist has founded a unique method for communicating representational narratives through a combination of rendered and abstract forms. Exhibition Dates: November 10–December 1, 2018 Modern Eden Gallery 801 Greenwich Street @ Mason and Columbus \| San Francisco, CA For press inquiries or sales, please contact Gallery Director Kim Larson kim@moderneden.com General Information: Please email info@moderneden.com \| www.moderneden.com By Tamsin Smith Known for his arresting portraiture, Emilio Villalba has blazed a quick and dynamic path in art communities from California to New York and across the globe with multiple exhibitions and an active and impressive social media following. He returns to Modern Eden Gallery in San Francisco for his forth solo show “Symbols of Death. Signs of Life”, which runs from November 10 through December 1, 2018. In this exhibition, audiences will find signature remnants of the work for which Villalba has become known disassembled and placed in entirely new context. Villalba’s earlier painting captured pale faces emerging from pitch black with features (particularly eyes and lips) refracting and repeating in multiple directions. Akin to a high renaissance drama sped-up in motion picture freeze frames spliced and diced for maximum intrigue. More recently, he’s repurposed primarily eyes and lips in a monochromatic field to form figures suggesting bodies, bouquets, and other classical motifs. For this show, Villalba pushes forward in art history to play in the fields of Surrealism, Dada, Punk, and Pop. It’s as though Villalba is advancing the reel to illustrate the influences that have comprised his artistic DNA, even as he re-engineers these “genetic elements” to create a fresh and original body of work. Art is not only an act of craft; it’s one of choice. The “readymade” objects that Villalba selects from his day-to-day surroundings and represents either with dutiful exactitude or loose gesture all demonstrate choices. Even if one views the disparate objects — rolled dollar bills, house plants, lipstick tubes, his dog in a doorway, a Macintosh computer, the bed of Frida Kahlo, the face of Diego Velazquez – as a stream of consciousness, the decision to render them transforms their images into ideas, i.e. symbols and signs. By placing a spilled beer bottle within his consciousness (and thus ours), the artist imbues it with new meaning. The process of discovery begins with him and ends in us. The objects are both fully actual and fully of the imagination. They suggest a novel way of ordering life. Isn’t this ultimately a way of defining the act of creation through art making? The abstract and the concrete resolved as a capable whole. Emilio Villaba, Symbols of Death (Signs of Life), Oil on Panel, 16×20 inches, 2018. Emilio Villalba Down the Line (For Your Pleasure), Oil on Panel, 36×48 inches, 2018. And how do the masses display creativity in this digital day and age? Through live photo and video sharing apps like Instagram, where anyone can avail themselves of filters that alter with a roseate effect or by adding stickers or assembling a collage of images. Villalba plays with this menu of manipulations, testing different background color blocks and often turns his canvases into approximations of a retro Polaroid snapshot, some of which have a little imprint near the bottom to show where one’s thumb would go when holding the result out for view. The omnipresent eye reminds us we are watching, as we are being seen, but it doesn’t feel like social criticism. Villalba’s skill is not only technical mastery, but an ability to make such gentle poking feel fun. We are all in on the joke about the ageless desire to be both of one’s time and also above it, with one foot in what we miss of the past and the other in what we want from the future. Opening Party, Photo Credit Modern Eden Gallery This tension between nostalgia and irony resides within the painted vignettes themselves. The oddity of juxtaposing items of “high” and “low” import makes Villalba’s work both tangible and cerebral. Villalba is stretching past pioneers like Philip Guston towards his own unique visual language. It’s an exploration whose effect lingers. The sequencing of lit cigarettes in various stages of completion allows the artist to return to the same subject anew in the way still life painters return to the same scene during different times of the day as the light shifts to reveal previously unseen detail. Villalba seems to be using this imagery as a prompt, much in the way that a musician or poet will work from a hook or a poet widens out the possibilities of a single word or memory. The poet Wallace Stevens uses the same technique in “13 Ways of Looking at a Blackbird”. These compositions speak to the power of narrative and metaphor in nourishing an artist’s visual conversation with himself and his guest-audiences. There is a “breaking through” sensation to Villalba current line-up. His love of the way paint moves presents as an almost musical sensation. Like a drummer establishing an opening beat, Villalba seems to be gathering energy, loosening the reins, and warming up to gallop towards some fresh horizon. As with an eye watching a cigarette weighted with ash, anticipation is in the air. Tamsin Smith is a published poet, essayist, and creative strategist. She brings to life good ideas that matter to the world, and is known as the innovator behind pioneering campaigns like (RED). Her verse collections include: Word Cave (Risk Press) and Between First and Second Sleep (FMSBW). Emilio Villalba, Lost Days on the Grid, oil on canvas 30×30 inches, 2018. Emilio Villalba, Me and Lou (Studio View), Oil on Panel, 38×48 inces, 2018. Emilio Villalba, The American Spirit, Oil on Panel, 16×20 inches, 2018 Emilio Villalba, Jason’s Room, Oil on Panel, 16×20 inches, 2018. Emilio Villalba, Money, Love and Death, 24×30 inches, 2018. art exhibitionart magazineAustralian Art MagazineBeautiful BizarreBeautiful Bizarre Magazinebeautifulbizarremagazinebizarrecontemporary artEmilio Villalbaexhibitionmodern Eden gallerynew contemporary artpop surrealismsurrealismsymbols Legacy @ Thinkspace Projects: An Interview with Dulk Joel Rea TAKES OVER Beautiful Bizarre Magazine The Macabre Magic of Laurie Hassold’s Sculptures Evan Senn Michael Pearce: The Clouty Tree, The Devil and Me @ Kwan Fong Gallery Jennifer Susan Jones	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line931
__label__cc	0.729537	0.270463	Principals and Directors Advisory and Consulting IT Audit and Advisory Contractors, Engineers and Architects Accounting Services Cooperative Accounting Other Not-for-Profit Services Partner Spotlight – Valerie Ellis Brown EdwardsPartner SpotlightPartner Spotlight – Valerie Ellis Valerie joined the firm in January 2018, with the firm’s acquisition of Gibbons & Kawash, where she had spent more than 25 years, rising to the position of managing partner. She graduated from Marshall University and proudly supports the “Thundering Herd.” She serves as the firm’s area coordinator in the Charleston office, and is an audit partner, with a diverse array of clients in the healthcare, nonprofit, higher education, energy and manufacturing sectors, just to name a few. She and her husband, Jack, live in Scott Depot, West Virginia, and are proud parents of Jackson and Lauren, both college students. She is a member of the Charleston Rotary Club, a member of the Marshall University Division of Accountancy and Legal Environment Advisory Board, and enjoys teaching personal finance to teenage parents. Let’s ask her a few questions: Where are you from and where did you grow up? I am a West Virginian through and through. I spent my early years “up a holler” in a small coal mining town known as Kayford, West Virginia, 17 miles up Cabin Creek. Today, that town doesn’t even exist. My dad worked for a coal company, and many family members were coal miners. In high school we moved to the booming town of Cross Lanes, a suburb near Charleston. Do you have any hobbies? If yes, tell us about them. I love to cook. I collect cookbooks and subscribe to multiple food magazines and apps, but I rarely follow a recipe. I just gather inspiration from them and start throwing things together. The problem is that when something turns out really well, I probably won’t ever be able to replicate it. What is something people would find surprising to learn about you? I am totally NUTS about my two Australian terriers, Zeke and Ted. I must confess that I used to be somewhat judgmental about “dog people” but now I am talking to them like they understand, driving them around in doggie car seats, and taking them to doggie day care. It really is amazing that no matter what kind of day I’ve had, when they rush to greet me at the door, it automatically puts a big smile on my face. What do you consider your best quality or trait? I hope it is humility. It’s something I strive for. To me, humility is realizing that you make mistakes and owning them, listening to and learning from others, understanding that you are part of something bigger than yourself, and spending minimal time thinking about yourself and how others see you. I don’t think personal or professional growth is possible without it. What is the best advice you ever received and from who? I used to be a worrier, but after hearing from my husband about 500 times that “90 percent of the things you worry about never happen, and the other 10 percent you can’t control anyway,” I started to believe him. I can’t tell you how many times I’ve shared that with other worriers that have come my way over the years. If you could be a superhero what would be your superpower? Wonder Woman, of course! Wikipedia says she is a “powerful, strong-willed character…[who is] simultaneously both the most fierce and most nurturing member of the Justice League.” I like that. Plus, she is physically strong and athletic. I’m barely 5’3” and known for my lack of athleticism. My kids think it is hilarious that I missed being the high school valedictorian because of a “B” in physical education. (Don’t share that last part with my partners, or I won’t get picked for a volleyball team at the next partner retreat!) I love to eat, so it’s hard to narrow down. My general rule is the spicier, the better. But I’m a West Virginia gal so there are times I just have to have pinto beans and cornbread. What famous figure (living or dead) would you most like to meet and why? I would love to sit down and talk with Ronald Reagan. I came of age during the Reagan Revolution, and watched his policies restore hope and prosperity at home, while creating peace through strength abroad. It still touches me when I see the video clip of him saying, “Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!” What do you think is your biggest contribution to the Brown Edwards team? I hope my colleagues would say my positive attitude and passion for what I do. I never intended to stay in public accounting. Like many, I just thought I would try it for a year or two. Thirty years later, I can’t imagine doing anything else. I love helping my clients, mentoring younger team members, recruiting new talent, continually learning new things, and representing the firm in the community. Brown Edwards Acquires Covenant Real Estate Services, LLC Partner Spotlight – Leslie Roberts Spending Bill Extends Tax Breaks – Adds Retirement Account Provisions Brown Edwards Merges With Richmond, VA Firm Gregg & Bailey Brown Edwards 23rd Annual Governmental Conference From traditional assurance and tax services to the latest in professional business advisory and consulting services, Brown Edwards provides you with the peace of mind you deserve. brownedwards@becpas.com Brown Edwards Recognized by Forbes Magazine as One of America’s Best Tax Firms for 2020 Bluefield, West Virginia Bristol, Virginia Kingsport, Tennessee Lynchburg , Virginia New River Valley, Virginia Wytheville, Virginia © Brown Edwards & Company, L.L.P. Certified Public Accountants \| Privacy Policy \| Terms of Use \| Client Portal	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line934
__label__cc	0.661501	0.338499	Son-Vidéo.com: blog Home Reviews Review: Aune T1 MK2, Aune B1, Aune X1 Pro DAC and X2 Review: Aune T1 MK2, Aune B1, Aune X1 Pro DAC and X2 This week, we tested no less than 4 Aune Audio electronics: a headphone amplifier with the Aune T1 MK2 USB DAC, the Aune B1 portable headphone amplifier and the combination of the USB DAC and Tripath Aune X1 and Aune X2. Coming from China, the headphone amplifier with USB DAC Aune Audio T1 Mk2 is the device that tickled our curiosity the most. Designed to be connected to the USB port of a computer, the T1 decodes stereo audio stream up to 24 bits and 96 kHz. The analog signal is handled by a Russian Electro Harmonix 6922 power tube, a solution which Chinese and Japanese brands are particularly attached to because of the high musicality it gives to the listening experience as well as for its high output power (very useful for high impedance headphones). The installation of the power tube is secured by a pin system which only allows correct positioning. The Aune T1 MK2 comes with an imposing and heavy power supply. No light-weight switched-mode power supply here but a good old transformer to deliver quality electrical current to the power tube. The tube comes in a cardboard box and must be put in place by the user. A plastic protection is also given for the tube (we didn’t use it). The T1 comes with a USB cable. The Aune T1 MK2 comes with a classic bulky power supply Presentation and application The case is in solid brushed aluminium and features a 6.3 mm jack output on the front panel. The 6922 power tube is situated at the top of the device along with a volume potentiometer and an input switch (USB or line). On the back panel are the type B USB port, the RCA line input and the RCA stereo line output as well as an on/off switch and a proprietary power supply connector. We connected the Aune T1 to our computer with an Audioquest Coffee USB cable and listened to FLAC and DSD files (with a PCM conversion) read by Foobar2000 with the ASIO4ALL driver. We also spent a fair amount of time listening to Deezer. Listening impressions The magic of the tube operates right away. Even without breaking-in the amplifier and with a barely warm tube, the message delivered is smooth and soft, the high frequency benefits from a nice highlight and bass is impressively swift. The listening experience is not exactly neutral but extremely addictive. Be prepared for long listening sessions with the Aune T1 and rest assured that the volume will go up as the smoothness of this device makes you want to turn the potentiometer up. Listen to the Fugees’ cover of Killing me Softly and you will inevitably be surprised by the sound level. Try some tracks which are usually not part of the average audiophile’s collection (we’re thinking about Magic System here) and this headphone amplifier will surprise you by how good the worst mix can sound. I’ve got you under my skin, Frank Sinatra, FLAC 16/44 It is a difficult exercise to deliver a mono mix with a severely chopped balance in the bass and treble. The Aune T1 MK2 manages to deliver the artist’s voice as well as the orchestration. We have no difficulty following the saxophone or the violins. The orchestral take-off is well under control. Even more important, the music carries us away. Let’s swing! Personal Jesus, Johnny Cash (FLAC 16/44) The closeness with the singer and his guitar is exceptional. The strings sound heavy and the impact of Cash’s foot tapping to the rhythm is well cut out. Exhilarating. School, Supertramp (FLAC 16/44) A track to rediscover on the deluxe version of the album Crime of the Century. The dynamic compression is low and the musical richness of this song is incredible when delivered by the Aune T1 as it keeps the treble under control and explores the lower medium for our greatest pleasure. Hat’s off! The Cure, Boys don’t cry (FLAC 16/44) A remastered version of this track can be found on the Greatest Hits album released in 2001, a nice homage. With the T1, the sound is definitely vintage. Robert Smith’s voice is sometimes projected without being agressive. The rhythm section is round and smooth and we catch ourselves tapping our foot along to the rhythm. On the more aggressive sound take of Inbetween Days, the tube works marvels and smooths out the sharp angles. Besides, the sound take lets you hear a few “vinyl style” whistles in the vocals. The device takes a few seconds to warm up: the Aune T1 MK2 is completely operational once the tube support LED is lit. Karmacoma, Massive Attack (FLAC 16/44) A track that often sounds stifled but the Aune T1 does a fantastic job with it, and this is an understatement. The articulation is perfect, the bass guitar growls without crushing the other instruments, the delivery is open and smooth. Never have we heard this song like this with headphones. This applies to the whole Protection album, which makes you want to listen to it over and over again. Fear and love, Morcheeba (FLAC 16/44) A little bit of coloration on Skye Edwards vocals, but we can hear the whole range and we can’t help but thoroughly enjoy it. At 2:33, the trumpet with mute is hovering on the left of the stage. After 3:00, the female backup choir behind the singer is clearly cut. The sign of great electronics. Melody Nelson, Serge Gainsbourg (FLAC 16/44) The album was re-released for its 40th birthday along with a second disc including the complete takes as well as a few alternative versions. An album to rediscover, an exceptional sound take. The Aune T1 gets all the details out of each part and underlines every single instrument. The tube offers a warm, detailed and smooth listening experience. When the violins accompany the electric and bass guitars, the sound stage broadens in a way we weren’t expecting. The voice of the artist is somptuous, with a slight sharpness we actually enjoyed. Haunted, Beyoncé (FLAC 16/44) Most transistors headphone amplifiers make the diaphragms of our test headphones vibrate when we turn the sound up, which is a sign of very high volume around 30 Hz and below. This is not the case with the Aune T1 MK2, meaning it might not go down as low, yet still manages to deliver a super detailed bass range along with an uncommon amount of power. Every impact is of a rare intensity and does not drag. Beyoncé’s voice is mixed with an artificial brightness so that the back vocals can flow naturally without being overwhelming at high volume. If you like this type of pop / r&b, know that the T1 does a great job with it. Giorgio by Moroder, Daft Punk (FLAC 24/88,2) The sound level layout is very different from what one would get with a transistor amplifier.While the listener expects to be facing the wrath of the bass drum as soon as the intro is over, the Aune T1 MK2 decided otherwise and let the guitars and synth take the lion’s share. The listening experience is in no way unbalanced, quite the contrary, it is of a rare intensity. Just like with Haunted, we were amazed by the swiftness of the message. Around 5:30, the message becomes complex but the T1 is still right on the target. We would have liked a little more space between the sound levels, but everything is solid. The bass guitar stands out and we have no trouble hearing the echo. Like a dog chasing cars, Hanz Zimmer (DTS 6ch 16/48 downmixed) Great bass foundation, the sound is impressively wide. The long brass / violin crescendo is borderline frightening. The medium range flows remarkably well. Duel of Fates, John Williams (FLAC 16/44) Always a hard test to pass, this track requires a lot of softness and accuracy from the DAC. The tube of the T1 doesn’t provide as much precision as we would have liked, but as far as warmth and softness are concerned, the T1 does a fantastic job. The Aune B1 portable headphone amplifier, with a gain selector and a mode switch (on the left side) Aune B1: The portable headphone amplifier in class A We tested the Aune B1 with a Galaxy Note smarthphone and an Asus Nexus 7 tablet, we even connected it to the Aune T1’s headphone output. The tonal balance is very different from the T1 MK2’s (even when paired up with the T1). The listening experience is dryer, the treble takes the backseat and finds its place perfectly. The depth of the soundstage is limited but the sound placement is properly done. Connected to our smarphone headphone output, the Aune B1 brings solid bass and increases the sound volume. The device can be switched to class A for a warmer sound by using the switch on the side. The connectors are reduced down to a micro-USB port for charging, a 3.5 mm mini-jack line input and a headphone output in the same format. The USB DAC and Tripath amplifier Aune X1 et X2, tested with the Focal Aria 906 speaker Aune X1 and X2 MK2: USB DAC and Tripath Bluetooth amplifier The Aune X1 Pro DAC is USB and S/PDIF DAC compatible with 24 bits / 96 kHz stream and features a line input as well as a powerful headphone output and a line output. We used it along with the Aune X2 MK2 amplifier, capable of delivering up to 2×15 at 8 Ohms thanks to its Texas Instrument TPA3121 OP amp (a very high sensitivity Tripath model). Our test speakers were Focal Aria 906 and the Jamo C109. A significant sound level is reached with just a short turn of the volume control First, we listened to the X1 MK2 with headphones and connected it to our computer by using a USB cable. This amplifier does not offer the same softness and space as the T1 but is slightly more meticulous in the higher range of the sound spectrum. The connections of the X2 amplifier are limited to one RCA line input and speaker terminals. We used Viard Audio RCA Premium and Silver HD12 cables The Aune X2 MK2 amp delivers a very personal sound with a lot of emphasis on the mediums and a certain dryness in the higher end of the spectrum. Although small in size, it does a convincing job with bass. Paired up with a Jamo C109 floor-standing speaker, the sound dives low without dragging. The high amount of mediums allows the listener to hear a lot of micro-information, especially with jazz (Chet Baker, Duke Elligton, Miles Davis). Listening is a little more ferocious with rock and pop music, be it with the Focal Aria 906 (although very soft) or the Jamo C109. Note that Bluetooth reception suffers from a rather noticeable background noise on average sensitivity speakers. Out of the 4 Aune Audio electronics we tested, it is the Aune T1 MK2 headphone amplifier that caught our attention the most, proof that power tubes still have great days ahead of them. The couple of Watts it delivers at 32 Ohms lets you use any type of headphones with it. We would like to finish by adding that the 6922 Russian tube which comes with the amp can be replaced by an even better model such as a Siemens, Philips or Sylvania. We highly recommend this headphone amplifier, extremely smooth and convincing, especially as regards its price. aune audio T1 MK2 aune B1 aune X1 pro DAC aune X2 Previous articleReview: Klipsch RP-280F, RP-160M and RP-540C speakers Next articleReview: Denon PMA-50 (digital amplifier 24/192 & DSD) Review: VSSL A.1 Review: McIntosh MA352 Review: Marantz PM7000N Share your opinion! Cancel reply Dali factory tour Interview: Philippe Penna, R&D Manager at AV Industry Georges Cabasse, French hi-fi pioneer, has died Paris Audio Video Show: new speakers for 2019 WiFi 6: changes and how to benefit from them Devialet update: good news and bad… Beyerdynamic DT 770 Studio Review - Headphone Review on Understanding bass-reflex technology Mark Dm on WiFi 6: changes and how to benefit from them USB-C powered Bluetooth Headphones – the Life Q10 from Anker – Terence Eden’s Blog on Bluetooth HD, aptX, SBC, AAC, LDAC: what you need to know in 2019 Mi, Samsung, Sony, Vu—Here’s What You Need To Know When Buying A TV \| HuffPost India on Acoustic Surface: when the TV screen becomes a speaker Mi, Samsung, Sony, Vu—Here's What You Need To Know When Buying A TV \| \| BlogIt on Acoustic Surface: when the TV screen becomes a speaker	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line952
__label__wiki	0.511785	0.511785	Tag: data privacy day It’s Data Privacy Day! Here’s what you should know about it Today marks Data Privacy Day, the official initiative to shed light on the importance of protecting our online data. In partnership with StaySafeOnline, StrongVPN is proud to be a 2019 Data Privacy Day Champion. Get to know more about the history of this international day, and brush up on some helpful data privacy tips, too. Data Privacy Day began in the US and Canada in 2008. The effort was created as an extension of Europe’s Data Protection Day celebration to include the United States and Canada. Eleven years later, the day is still celebrated internationally as a leading influence in privacy awareness and education. Data Privacy Day is headed by The National Cyber Security Alliance (NCSA). The NCSA is comprised of an advisory committee of privacy professionals. This committee helps to ensure that Data Privacy Day stays aligned with current privacy issues and news around the world in an effective, meaningful way. Data Protection Day commemorated the signing of Convention 108. On January 28, 1981, Convention 108 was signed as the first legally binding international treaty that dealt with the protection of data privacy. The main goal of this treaty was to strengthen the data protection of individuals with “regard to automatic processing of personal information relating to them.” The creators behind Data Privacy Day want to bring awareness to data protection. Millions of people around the world have no idea about the danger of losing their privacy or exposing their data. This lack of education on the subject of data privacy is part of the initiative behind Data Privacy Day — to encourage internet users everywhere to learn more about protecting their privacy rights. According to their website, Data Privacy Day strives to “inspire dialogue and empower individuals and companies to take action.” Businesses are also encouraged to take part in Data Privacy Day. Data Privacy Day aims to help businesses engage in safe data privacy practices. They even have a section on their website called CyberSecure My Business offering resources for businesses to protect and train their employees in the realm of data privacy. Protect your own data privacy with these tips The NSCA offers plenty of resources on their website for users just like you trying to learn more about data privacy. To get involved, check out their website’s tips such as how to respond to identity theft and fraud or how to secure your different devices. We’ve also compiled a list of our best data privacy-focused blog posts. Take a look: How to secure your emails Why you should avoid free VPNs 5 private search engines to use instead of Google How to stay safe from phishing attacks Why you should always look at privacy policies The best secure messaging apps Security spring cleaning tips How will you celebrate Data Privacy Day today? Let us know on Twitter with the hashtag #StrongDataPrivacy! Author Strong TeamPosted on January 28, 2019 January 28, 2019 Categories UncategorizedTags data privacy day	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line954
__label__cc	0.662851	0.337149	Neglected Pig Locked Up In A Barn For 11 Years Wags Her Tail For The First Time By Goodfullness Anna is a pig who has spent over an entire decade suffering and alone. No animal should ever be forced to go through what she went through — and she’s been through it all. She was found locked inside of a barn. No one had come by to care for her in a very long time. The poor pig’s hooves were so overgrown that she couldn’t take one step without feeling terrible pain. Anna had a whole slew of health problems, like bad eyesight, poor skin, and arthritic bones. She didn’t know what the touch of a human being felt like before she was rescued. She’d never spent time interacting with other animals. She had been deprived of an social interaction at all, and had been made to live a life of isolation. Pigs don’t enjoy spending tons of time alone like this. They’re actually social creatures by nature, making the story of Anna’s life before her rescue even more heartbreaking. But luckily, she was rescued. Happy Tails Farm Sanctuary finally freed the pig from her captivity, and gave her a brand-new lifestyle. But it was Ralphy’s Retreat Sanctuary that found out about the situation first, and called Carla Reilly Moore, the founder of Happy Tails Farm Sanctuary, to let her know what was going on. Thankfully, the pig’s prior owners were caught as well, and are facing a series of charges for their treatment of Anna, including abandonment, criminal neglect, and animal cruelty. Because Anna was an older pig, her prognosis seemed bleak at first. After everything she’d gone through, it was going to be hard to recover as a not-quite-so-youthful piggy. Carla took her to the vet’s office, and they got right to work. Her broken hooves were mended, and she got a nice, warm scrub-down in a bath. Once she was properly taken care of, her personality began to peek through. Carla has shared Anna’s incredible transformation with the world via her posts and videos. We’re so happy that Anna is being treated well these days and is no longer imprisoned. To see more of Anna’s new life, take a look at Carla’s videos. This story originally appeared at Goodfullness. Goodfullness started to fill the void that traditional media publications leave, particularly on the fast-growing social Web. With stories helping you lead an informed, healthy, and inspired life, Goodfullness fills society's need for for a positive, interesting spin on the world around us with creative story-telling.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line956
__label__cc	0.633213	0.366787	A Cure for Modern American Stupidity Where is the Hemlock? Copyright © 13 May 2015 by Bob Hurt. All rights reserved. Distribute Freely. This commentary discusses a modern concept of slavery, eugenics, and political responsibility. It promotes humane treatment of stupid people, and promotes programs to limit the ability of stupid and irresponsible people to dictate the course of civilization. What IS Stupidity?. 1 Source and Problem of Stupidity. 1 Slavery Seems Like a Pretty Good Solution to Stupidity. 1 Eugenics Seems Like an Even Better Solution to Stupidity. 2 Stupid People Cannot Graduate from High School 2 Uncontrolled Stupid People Endanger Society & Civilization. 3 The USA Contains a Lot of Stupid People. 3 What Happens as Smart People Disappear. 3 Suffrage for the Stupid – A REALLY BAD Idea. 4 Suffrage for the Responsible – a REALLY GOOD Idea. 5 Our Duty to Identify Ideals, Inhibitors, and Strategies. 5 The Consequence of Letting the Stupid Drive Civilization. 6 Two Friendly, Stealthy Amendments to Cure the Problem.. 7 A Humane Program to Utilize and Care for the Stupid. 8 Man's Laws to Retain the Benefits of Nature's Law of Survival of the Fittest 9 Voluntary Sterilization Can Become Popular. 10 Numerous Pundits Have Wholeheartedly Supported Eugenics. 11 Summary and Conclusion. 13 What IS Stupidity? "Stupid is as stupid does," according to Mama Gump. I agree. Stupidity, a poor ability to benefit from experience, constitutes a brain or mind dysfunction that makes one unable to solve problems and choose prudently. Stupid people make wrong choices and do wrong things because they just cannot figure things out accurately. Source and Problem of Stupidity Let's face it. Stupidity has almost exclusively a genetic cause, so no amount of education, nutrition, and kindness will cure it. Stupid people have their stupidity for life. Generally, stupid parents make their children stupid through procreation. Society must deal with it one way or another, either by bribing the stupid not to hurt people or by becoming a victim of crimes by the stupid. Unsupervised stupid people reliably cause a lot of problems for themselves and others. The condition has no known cure. Naturally, drug and alcohol abuse makes even smart people behave stupidly, but once they recover, they become smart again. Substance abuse makes the stupid into imbeciles, and when they recover, they become stupid again. They never become smart, or even average. Slavery Seems Like a Pretty Good Solution to Stupidity I have concluded that slavery became and remains a logically valid idea in the evolution of civilization because it provides a means of utilizing and protecting the stupid instead of slaughtering them. As an alternative to the chaos, crime, and welfare abuse of inner city ghettos, plantation slave life made it hard on the stupid but much easier on city folk, while providing economic benefits to everyone concerned. Today, erstwhile slaves now concentrate in ghettos of cities and suburbsurban ghettos where they abuse one another and all who might haplessly venture there. The smart and productive have moved away from such areas or live in high rises or gated communities that ghetto types cannot afford. Meanwhile, race-baiters, claiming discussions about eugenics, slavery, and dealing with the stupid as a social menace, constitute a promotion of genocide. Such reality deniers grieve over the abuse by the plantation's slave masters, but they ignore the replacement of plantations by prisons, where involuntary servitude fulfills the ultimate needs of common sense and the13th Amendment. Eugenics Seems Like an Even Better Solution to Stupidity I think it humane and appropriate to outlaw procreation of stupid children. Society should declare it a crime against humanity to infect an innocent baby with a lifelong crippling disease (stupidity). Society should outlaw procreation outside responsible wedlock, in the interest of children. I do not see procreation as an unfettered right. Procreation carries certain implicit responsibilities, including the obligation and ability to maintain, protect, nurture, and civilize the child into adulthood when the brain has become fully formed (age 25)... unless society should consider babies as mere food storage units to be slaughtered after birth to feed people or livestock. To fulfill responsibilities, people should not procreate until adult, educated, financially self-sufficient, and married to a similarly competent mate. That implies the need for a monumental sterilization project to prevent procreation by children, unmarried adults, welfare recipients, indigents, violent felons, the insane, and inferior or defective people. Stupid People Cannot Graduate from High School A person must have IQ above 85 to graduate from a normal high school that administrators have not dumbed down to accommodate the stupid. I call people "STUPID" who lack the cognitive ability to graduate from a normal high school. I call people "IRRESPONSIBLE" who have the cognitive ability to graduate, but fail to employ it as needed to graduate. Either way, a person who cannot graduate becomes a liability to family and employers except in menial, repetitive tasks that would bore smart people to distraction. Uncontrolled Stupid People Endanger Society & Civilization Yes, all kinds of exceptions to that axiom appear to exist, such as autistic savants, artistic geniuses who cannot socialize or do school work. And many children have such terrible home lives that they hate school and do badly in it so as to call attention to themselves in the hope of receiving help. Obviously, such people still need inordinate care. For practical purposes, they suffer from stupidity because of their irresponsibility and inability to control their behaviors and produce ideal outcomes in life. Stupid people reliably make wrong decisions and follow them with wrong actions. They do not solve problems well, and usually cause more problems in the effort, unless they have undergone a lot of training. They bear constant supervision to ensure they don't hurt themselves or others. Therefore, the stupid should neither procreate nor vote. The USA Contains a Lot of Stupid People I have calculated the following numbers of stupid people in US society: · Caucasians - 35 million · Non-Caucasian Hispanics - 25 million · Negroes - 20 million · TOTAL = 80 million · Percentage of US population: 25% As to the 80 million stupid people in the USA today, imagine the impact in 75 years of sterilizing them today. Now imagine doing nothing about them except to extend welfare to those who will take it, and to kill or jail them when they commit crimes. What Happens as Smart People Disappear As the Fertility Rate table shows, 5 years ago racial groups procreated these children per family: · 1.8 White · 2.4 Hispanic · 2.1 Black · 1.8 Asian It takes 2.1 children per family to sustain a gene group. Clearly, Asians and Caucasians, the smartest gene groups, will gradually die out as Negroes and Hispanics proliferate. Do not think of this as a trivial problem. It causes a drop in GDP, national productivity, and the tax base. It has become a huge problem in Europe. Scandinavian governments have imposed draconian taxes on single people, and corporations and government give special benefits to smart people who procreate more children. Their problems have become worse because of immigration of relatively stupid people from Africa and the Mideast who suck wealth out of the welfare system, necessitating deficit spending and tax hikes on the productive. I have proposed a government mandate that smart, fecund women earn ½ of a man's salary or wage for similar work. That would force most such women to stay home, where they naturally belong, to bear and rear children and manage the household and home business. Those governments ignored me, and now they have an ever-worsening problem of insufficient taxes to cover their costs. Suffrage for the Stupid – A REALLY BAD Idea All of the 80 million stupid people of the USA have voting rights except those judged mentally incompetent, those under 18, those with felony history, and non-citizens, and in some jurisdictions some of those restrictions don't apply. The days have gone when only free white landed men could vote. That constituted a kind of IQ and responsibility test. With what practical safeguard against suffrage of irresponsible fools has Congress replaced that sensible impediment to putting fools and charlatans in government? As I opine in my article The Seven Deadly Amendments, The 13th, 14th, 15th, 17th, 19th, and 26th amendments have liberated ignorant, irresponsible fools into the electorate and government, to no good end, and the 16th Amendment unleashed a sinister Mafia to bleed US inhabitants of the fruit of their labors in order to finance endless wars, care for the stupid and irresponsible, and debt service to owners of the banks who encourage deficit spending. All of those amendments need repealing or modification to impose responsibilities, etc. Suffrage for the Responsible – a REALLY GOOD Idea At a minimum, America's legislatures should require all who would swear an oath to support the constitutions of the US and the State first to answer correctly 80% of the questions on a long constitution competency exam. How else can one demonstrate having read and studied what one promises to support, protect, and defend? That would result in a more prudent electorate. Subsequent elections would clean the scalawags and reprobates out of the legislatures, those legislatures would enact laws that would put the income tax monster back in its cage, dramatically improve the gene pool. Our Duty to Identify Ideals, Inhibitors, and Strategies We civilization philosophers have the duty, perhaps the DIVINE duty of evolving an ever-advancing civilization. To accomplish that, we must first identify and agree upon the following: 1. Civilizational ideals and their conflict with personal ideals; 2. Inhibitors to fruition of those ideals, and 3. Strategies and tactics for achieving the ideals in spite of the inhibitors. If we can ever agree among ourselves on those, then the rest boils down to labor and tweaking to compensate for the things we misestimated. If we judge rightly on more than half the identifications and work, and not wrongly on any major things, we will continuously evolve civilization to an advanced condition. I happen to agree that life seems better when people can do as they damned well please, and society finds and locks away psychopaths and psychotics. But unfortunately, the vast majority don't have our intellects and cannot accurately evaluate relative importances. The Consequence of Letting the Stupid Drive Civilization As the numbers show, a quarter of the population reliably backs up wrong decisions with wrong actions, and will wreck the best laid plans IF allowed a full say in everything. Because the stupid bear constant supervision, the have low value of productivity and they consume more resources than they contribute. For a crystal-clear picture of this, take a look at sub-Sahara Africa where the people have an average IQ of 70. When such people immigrate and procreate without restraint, the predictable happens. They ultimately become the majority and hold sway at the polls. They end up enslaving the smarter, more productive people for their support, through either crime or welfare abuse. The smarter people get fed up and join the wealthy class and enslave others through debt, OR they rebel and slaughter the stupid. Thus, the failure of smart people to enslave or otherwise control the stupid, and the failure to deny the stupid all prerogatives of suffrage and procreation, leads inexorably to the destruction of the stupid. Why? Because smart people will tolerate their enslavement only for so long, and then they will rebel and slaughter the stupid as their political enemies. Thus, society must not allow the stupid and other irresponsibles to hold sway in the evolution of civilization because of two realities: 1. The irresponsible cannot and will not create an advanced civilization; and 2. Given the opportunity, they will destroy an advanced civilization. I feel certain you will agree with me that creation and maintenance of an ever-advancing civilization lies within the purview of the identification of the above ideals. Can we agree on the ideals of an advanced civilization? Perhaps we should leave that for a future discussion, except for one point: the smart should never become abject slaves of the stupid. The bottom line: liberty comes at the cost of commensurate responsibility. The responsible bear full responsibility for enforcing that maxim. Their failure to do so leads to the destruction of civilization. Two Friendly, Stealthy Amendments to Cure the Problem The recognition of the above realities has led me to postulate that eliminating the 13th, 15th, 17th, 19th, and 26th amendments should become a prime directive for those who want to advance the American civilization, for those amendments have put buffoons, charlatans, traitors, and crooks in charge of it. I know of only one way to accomplish that in the face of theories of political correctness that encourage the irresponsible to control society - political initiatives employing stealth and camouflage to amend the constitutions as follows: 1. Knowing procreation of stupid children shall constitute a crime against humanity. Congress shall enact laws to prevent it. 2. All who shall swear or affirm an oath to support the Constitution for the Unites of America or any State constitution or graduate from high school shall, as a first prerequisite, take a 100-question constitution competency examination in the American English language, and correctly answer a minimum of 80 of the questions. Congress shall enact laws in support of this Amendment, including but not limited to the following: a. Congress shall establish a panel of law professors from the top ten law colleges in the USA to formulate the questions in simple sentences that typical high school graduates can comprehend. b. Congress shall mandate more difficult questions for candidates for elected and appointed public office and for public and private school teachers than for high school students or those seeking to vote or obtain other public employment. c. Congress shall ensure that the questions and their arrangement change on the first day of every year so that instructors teach the constitutions rather than teach students merely how to pass the examination. I consider these amendments both stealthy and friendly. They enjoy stealth because they advance nothing offensive or harmful. They have a friendly nature because they protect innocent babies, they hurt no one, and they ensure that only people with demonstrable knowledge of the constitutions can vote or take government employment. These amendments will result in higher quality government employees, and a more informed, intelligent, and responsible electorate. Furthermore, they will increase the Gross Domestic Product because it has a direct and high correlation to average IQ, and the amendments will significantly elevating the nation's average IQ. See these articles for corroborating details on the correlation between IQ and GDP: · National IQ and National Productivity the Hive Mind Across Asia · Smart Fraction Theory of IQ and the Wealth of Nations · Smart Fraction Theory II – Why Asians Lag · Intelligence and the Wealth and Poverty of Nations A Humane Program to Utilize and Care for the Stupid As to my comments about slavery, I merely make the point that people who need constant supervision because of their stupid choices and actions will otherwise hurt themselves and others. Thus, they need ACTUAL supervision, and should not run around loose to victimize whoever crosses their path. While "slavery" seems like an obnoxious term, in a modern context, it implies certain treatments of the stupid and irresponsible: 1. Humane treatment - kindness, management by statistics posted for all to see. 2. Identification and tracking system for knowing whereabouts of care recipient. 3. Means of the care recipient to report abuse and get instant attention. 4. Circumscribed environment and restricted mobility 5. Controlled communication with others outside the environment 6. Protection from harm by others 7. Constant oversight and discipline to protect others 8. No access to dangerous weapons or vehicles 9. Sterilization 10. Sustenance - food, clothing, lodging, exercise, play, health care 11. A modicum of privacy 12. Education - Basic skills, harmonious living, Job training 13. Gainful employment 14. Families should remain together to the extent practical. 15. Ability to earn the right to relative liberty 16. No voting rights. 17. Path to prison for incorrigibles Masters must receive training in administering all of the above and show the financial ability to provide all the requirements and periodically report to a monitoring agency. People in this category should have the opportunity for placement with affluent, smart families, for performing services in exchange for their sustenance and oversight. Most will settle in and become loved, respected family members. Within 100 years, relatively few will remain in society because of attrition. Thereafter, Congress can establish a program for limited procreation of the stupid, genetically engineered for service as servants, household companions, workers in occupations they can enjoy that don't overtax their cognitive ability, etc. When you think about it, all sensible parents provide most of the above services to their children, and only cut the children loose after having verified demonstration of requisite education and responsibility. Only inhumane parents send their stupid children out into the world to fend for themselves, knowing smarter people will abuse them and turn them into economic slaves. Man's Laws to Retain the Benefits of Nature's Law of Survival of the Fittest Readers might want to know who I am to propound the need to reinstitute a system of slavery in America. I am simply an American-born observer identifying a serious array of problems along with their causes, and attempting to engineer a humane cure. I realize that the cure must embrace awareness of what happens when society passes laws that defeat the natural Law of Survival of the Fittest ("SOF") without finding ways to retain its benefits. We have Constitutional amendments and a host of supporting laws that empower and protect the stupid and irresponsible, without imposing an iota of responsibility upon them. I see that as similar to handing the keys to your family automobile and five hundred dollars to your 13-year-old child while you smile and tell her to take her chums out for a night on the town. Our laws impose all kinds of responsibilities on business owners, and few to none on the employees. Our laws give all but free medical care to the indigent and feckless without requiring them to give up the lifestyle of drugs, booze, and irresponsible living that endangers their health. Our laws provide natal care for children without limiting the number of children career welfare recipients may procreate. We have thus passed laws to defeat SOF by protecting the unfit. We have failed to identify the benefits of the SOF, and to enact laws that preserve those benefits. So why not start now to correct that deficiency? The main benefit of SOF lies in elimination of the less fit from the gene pool and from society. They tend to die young when nature takes its course. It makes sense that if defeating SOF allows the less fit to proliferate and economically enslave the fittest, our laws should still eliminate the less fit from the gene pool and enable the smart to utilize and care for those who remain. But we should not do it brutally as nature does. We should use limited suffrage and a benign eugenics program, integrated with a family care program, to do it humanely. That explains why sterilization and controlled employment and care of the stupid makes monumentally good sense economically, politically, and civilizationally. Voluntary Sterilization Can Become Popular The program for sterilization does not have to consist of dragging people to the surgeon's table kicking and screaming against the procedure. It ought to include bribes, propaganda, glitzy advertising, peer pressure, early education, and rewards that encourage parents to sterilize their stupid and inferior children at puberty and stupid or inferior adults to submit to sterilization voluntarily. All violent felons and welfare recipients should undergo sterilization as part of the price for incarceration and welfare. We should not forget that many states had such programs for welfare recipients, and Virginia had it as recently as 1974. As I see it, society would save a fortune by handing $5000 to every fecund ghetto teenager in exchange for undergoing sterilization. Otherwise, those children will procreate children and the whole family will become a lifelong burden on society, along with all the children, grandchildren, great grandchildren, etc., who manage to survive ghetto life. Even $50,000 might constitute a bargain to stop such a drain on the economy of the consequent cost of housing, food, clothing, police, courts, jails, muggings, health care, wasted education, and political chicanery. Numerous Pundits Have Wholeheartedly Supported Eugenics While many consider eugenics programs like sterilization of the stupid as politically incorrect effort at "genocide," most intelligent thinkers see it as both sensible and mandatory for an advancing civilization. A society, they reason, should have no more stupid people than it actually needs. Moreover, a technologically advanced society does not need many stupid people. In spite of the bad name Hitler gave eugenics programs, Wikipedia's article Eugenics in the United States points out that Caucasian, Negro, feminist, science, and business pundits stridently encouraged eugenics. They saw it as the only benign and humane way to improve the gene pool and reduce the cost of supporting stupid, inferior, degenerate people. " Eugenics was also supported by African Americans intellectuals such as W. E. B. Du Bois, Thomas Wyatt Turner, and many academics at Tuskegee University, Howard University, and Hampton University; however they believed the best blacks were as good as the best whites and "The Talented Tenth" of all races should mix.[10] W. E. B. Du Bois believed "only fit blacks should procreate to eradicate the race's heritage of moral iniquity."[10][11] "The American eugenics movement received extensive funding from various corporate foundations including the Carnegie Institution, Rockefeller Foundation, and the Harriman railroad fortune.[6] In 1906 J.H. Kellogg provided funding to help found the Race Betterment Foundation in Battle Creek, Michigan.[8] The Eugenics Record Office (ERO) was founded in Cold Spring Harbor, New York in 1911 by the renowned biologist Charles B. Davenport, using money from both the Harriman railroad fortune and the Carnegie Institution. "As late as the 1920s, the ERO was one of the leading organizations in the American eugenics movement.[8][12] In years to come, the ERO collected a mass of family pedigrees and concluded that those who were unfit came from economically and socially poor backgrounds. Eugenicists such as Davenport, the psychologist Henry H. Goddard, Harry H. Laughlin, and the conservationist Madison Grant (all well respected in their time) began to lobby for various solutions to the problem of the "unfit". Davenport favored immigration restriction and sterilization as primary methods; Goddard favored segregation in his The Kallikak Family; Grant favored all of the above and more, even entertaining the idea of extermination. [13] The Eugenics Record Office later became the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. "Eugenics was widely accepted in the U.S. academic community.[6] By 1928 there were 376 separate university courses in some of the United States' leading schools, enrolling more than 20,000 students, which included eugenics in the curriculum.[14] It did, however, have scientific detractors (notably, Thomas Hunt Morgan, one of the few Mendelians to explicitly criticize eugenics), though most of these focused more on what they considered the crude methodology of eugenicists, and the characterization of almost every human characteristic as being hereditary, rather than the idea of eugenics itself.[15] "By 1910, there was a large and dynamic network of scientists, reformers and professionals engaged in national eugenics projects and actively promoting eugenic legislation. The American Breeder's Association was the first eugenic body in the U.S., established in 1906 under the direction of biologist Charles B. Davenport. The ABA was formed specifically to "investigate and report on heredity in the human race, and emphasize the value of superior blood and the menace to society of inferior blood." Membership included Alexander Graham Bell, Stanford president David Starr Jordan and Luther Burbank.[16][17] The American Association for the Study and Prevention of Infant Mortality was one of the first organizations to begin investigating infant mortality rates in terms of eugenics.[18] They promoted government intervention in attempts to promote the health of future citizens.[19][verification needed] "Several feminist reformers advocated an agenda of eugenic legal reform. The National Federation of Women's Clubs, the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, and the National League of Women Voters were among the variety of state and local feminist organization that at some point lobbied for eugenic reforms. [20] "One of the most prominent feminists to champion the eugenic agenda was Margaret Sanger, the leader of the American birth control movement. Margaret Sanger saw birth control as a means to prevent unwanted children from being born into a disadvantaged life, and incorporated the language of eugenics to advance the movement.[21][22] Sanger also sought to discourage the reproduction of persons who, it was believed, would pass on mental disease or serious physical defect. She advocated sterilization in cases where the subject was unable to use birth control. [21] ..." Summary and Conclusion I have identified stupidity and associated irresponsibility as the gravest scourge to hit American civilization. I have shown how we brought it on by extending undeserved liberation and suffrage to stupid and irresponsible people. I have suggested that, but for our laws protecting the stupid, "nature" would have killed most of them off or relegated them to their natural state of slavery. I have proposed cures in the form of eugenics programs to eliminate surplus stupid people from the gene pool, a constitution competency test to keep the stupid from voting or taking government employment, and a modern system of benign treatment of the stupid in a system of supervision and care that limits their danger to society. I have shown how reduction of the stupid as a percentage of the population will increase the value of national productivity, increase the tax base, and reduce the economic burden on infrastructures and on other people. Naturally, I welcome feedback. Feel free to write me with your thoughts. Just realize the counterproductive nature of comparing me to Hitler, calling me a bigot or racist, and other ad hominem forms of trying to assassinate the messenger. I have brought you a message about improving American civilization. If you can improve on my ideas, please recommend them. If you find flaws in them, please recommend improvements. If you want to denigrate me for opening the discussion, keep it to yourself. I encourage all US Citizens to promote modification of the Seven Deadly Amendments to strip government of the power to tax people and enterprises directly, and to require responsibility as the cost of liberty. I encourage all Americans to support amendments that require a constitution competency test of all who would swear an oath to support the constitution, and to outlaw procreation of stupid children. We owe it to ourselves and future Americans to advance civilization, and that cannot happen with a surplus of unsupervised stupid people who enjoy suffrage. Bob Hurt Blog 1 2 f t 2460 Persian Drive #70 Email Call: (727) 669-5511 Law Studies: Donate E-Letter Subscribe Learn to Litigate with Jurisdictionary Posted by Bob Hurt at 7:37 PM 1 comment: Links to this post	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line961
__label__cc	0.681508	0.318492	/ Cory Doctorow / 9:00 am Mon May 5, 2014 EFF on the White House's Big Data report: what about privacy and surveillance? Last week, I wrote about danah boyd's analysis of the White House's Big Data report [PDF]. Now, the Electronic Frontier Foundation has added its analysis to the discussion. EFF finds much to like about the report, but raises two very important points: * The report assumes that you won't be able to opt out of leaving behind personal information and implicitly dismisses the value of privacy tools like ad blockers, Do Not Track, Tor, etc * The report is strangely silent on the relationship between Big Data and mass surveillance, except to the extent that it equates whistleblowers like Chelsea Manning and Edward Snowden with the Fort Hood shooter, lumping them all in as "internal threats" Even though the review that led to this report was announced during President Obama’s speech on NSA reform, and even though respondents to the White House’s Big Data Survey “were most wary of how intelligence and law enforcement agencies are collecting and using data about them,” the report itself is surprisingly silent on the issue.2 This is especially confusing given how much the report talks about the need for more transparency in the private sector when it comes to big data. Given that this same logic could well be applied to intelligence big data programs, we don’t understand why the report did not address this vital issue. Although the report may have been silent on government use of big data for intelligence gathering, we won’t be. We believe that the most important action the White House can take regarding big data would be to immediately stop misusing Section 215 of the Patriot Act and Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Amendments Act and to support statutory reform to end mass collection of information about you. Additionally, surveillance agencies should publicly disclose their mass spying techniques and issue Privacy Impact Assessments that set standards and address whether the agency is meeting them. To quote from our public comments to the White House on big data: “Time after time we've seen the witches’ brew of ambiguity and secrecy poison democracy and the rule of law,” and the only antidote for this poison, even in the age of big data, is transparency. The White House Big Data Report: The Good, The Bad, and The Missing [Jeremy Gillula, Kurt Opsahl and Rainey Reitman/EFF] big data / eff / manning / politics / privacy / snowden / surviellance	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line963
__label__wiki	0.595592	0.595592	January 15, 2016 Chris Warner BSMW Original Column, Patriots With A Little Bit Of Luck (2016 Edition) (Editor’s Note: We ran this column last year and – given the craziness of the past wild card weekend – think it’s worth an updated review.) In the NFL, every team needs some good fortune to win the Super Bowl. Last Saturday and Sunday each provided a startling example. In weather so frigid they could have called in Jack London to write the game story, Minnesota kicker Blair Walsh made three field goals in a row, including a 47-yarder, only to miss the potential game-winner from 27 yards out. Walsh had been on a 10-for-10 hot streak (including two 53-yarders) since his last miss on November 29 vs. Atlanta. Seattle did well to come back from a 9-0 deficit, but they got a big break. Maybe Pittsburgh got a bigger one. After getting slammed to the turf, QB Ben Roethlisberger left the game for three series. He came back in despite moving with all the easy grace of a rusty lawn chair. After a few short passes, his one long throw sailed harmlessly over Antonio Brown’s head, the same head that Bengals linebacker Vontaze Burfict crushed with a brutal-looking hit. Unnecessary roughness penalty,15 yards. But wait, there’s more: while on the field arguing the call and standing off vs. his opponents, Cincinnati cornerback Adam “Pacman” Jones confronted Steelers assistant coach Joey Porter, getting another 15-yard penalty. So, with 22 seconds left and no timeouts at Cincinnati’s 47-yard line, the Steelers picked up 30 yards on zero offensive plays, taking up zero seconds. Kicker Chris Boswell jogged onto the field and pushed the ball through for a 35-yard game winner. Pittsburgh deserves some credit for not completely losing their minds (a low bar), and also for putting enough pressure on the Bengals to evoke the possibility of a meltdown. Jones insists that Brown faked getting hurt on the play, and that the receiver actually winked at him. If so, impressive. But, really, the Steelers basically did what children do on Christmas: they showed up and got their gifts. This Saturday, a New England team with some key starters returning to action hosts a Kansas City team with at least one key starter (receiver Jeremy Maclin) nursing an injury (ankle). Is that the Patriots’ big break this week? We shall see. For a look at how every team – no matter how deserving or how talented overall – needs the ball to bounce its way, see below, starting with the Patriots’ first Super Bowl run in early 2002. 2002 Super Bowl: New England 20, St. Louis 17 Most Fortunate Moment: Has to be the Tuck Rule, right? An obscure, now-abolished rule – albeit one with which Patriots fans had become familiar in 2001 after their Week Two game against the Jets – was implemented correctly to overturn an apparent Tom Brady fumble, thus allowing Adam Vinatieri to kick the football into the maw of a blizzard for the greatest field goal in playoff history. Hey, Raiders fans? That was 2002. You want to live in 2002, go listen to Nickelback’s “How You Remind Me” and watch “CSI.” We can share content on Friendster. Might be time to let it go. Honorable Mention: Pittsburgh’s special teams implosion in the AFC Champsionship game, allowing two TDs (punt return and blocked kick return); having Drew Bledsoe as a bench QB after Brady hurt his ankle in the first half of that game; the Super Bowl refs adapting a “let ’em play” attitude, with Pats DBs getting their hands on more Rams than a shepherd in a shearing contest. 2003 Super Bowl: Tampa Bay 48, Oakland 21 Most Fortunate Moment: Coach Jon Gruden got to play his previous team in the Super Bowl, reaping the benefits of new Oakland head coach Bill Callahan failing to make significant changes to the offense that Gruden had developed. Talk about an in-depth scouting report. Almost makes one feel badly for Raiders fans. (The first word of that sentence is key.) Honorable Mention: Oakland’s starting center Barret Robbins did not show up to practice Super Bowl week (he was barred from playing and later diagnosed with manic depression). 2004 Super Bowl: New England 32, Carolina 29 Most Fortunate Moment: After Carolina tied it at 29, John Kasay kicked off out-of-bounds, giving New England the ball at their own 40 with 1:08 left. Vinatieri kicked the game-winner with four seconds remaining. Honorable Mention: Panthers coach John Fox went for two 2-point conversions in the fourth quarter and failed; in the divisional playoffs, normally sure-handed Titans receiver Drew Bennett dropped a pass that would have gotten Tennessee into field goal position to tie it; in the AFC Championship vs. Peyton Manning and the Colts, the refs allowed the Pats’ defensive backs to play with the type of aggression that would get penalized today; plus, snow fell in Foxboro, an anathema to most dome teams. 2005 Super Bowl: New England 24, Philadelphia 21 Most Fortunate Moment: The failure of the Eagles to deal with shaken QB Donovan McNabb. Down by 10, Philly declined to hurry on offense, in part because McNabb was having trouble breathing after getting hit by Tedy Bruschi. (You can read a more in-depth story on that here.) Honorable Mention: Optimum health. As they had in 2003, many New England starters missed games due to injury, but most came back in time for the playoffs; more snow in Foxboro vs. the Colts. Overall, it’s tough to associate pure luck with this team: one of the best of the decade and certainly one of the strongest, deepest squads in Patriots history. 2006 Super Bowl: Pittsburgh 21, Seattle 10 Most Fortunate Moment: Not having to play the Patriots in the playoffs. (Well, they had shown Pittsburgh the way home twice in four years.) Honorable Mention: Some close officiating in the big game. This is not to say that Pittsburgh didn’t deserve to win (they appeared to be the better squad), but had some of those close calls gone the other way, Seattle would have been the lucky ones. In the divisional playoffs at Indianapolis, Jerome Bettis fumbled on the Colts’ two-yard line, paving the way for glory for Nick Harper on the fumble return, but Roethlisberger made a diving, spinning tackle at Indy’s 42; Colts kicker/anti-hero Mike Vanderjagt missed a potential game-tying 47-yard field goal. 2007 Super Bowl: Indianapolis 29, Chicago 17 Most Fortunate Moment: Whatever switch went off in Manning’s head in the AFC Championship that had him looking for drive-sustaining first downs instead of long passes. The Patriots defense had to stay on the field forever and couldn’t protect their halftime lead. Honorable Mention: The Patriots defense was also suffering from the flu, wearing them down further; NE receiver Reche Caldwell dropped an easy pass that would have at least led to a clock-killing first down; cornerback Ellis Hobbs got a questionable pass interference call in the end zone that led to a Colts score; Indy got to play Rex Grossman in the Super Bowl. 2008 Super Bowl: New York 17, New England 14 Most Fortunate Moment: We think we know what most fans would say, but we’ll point to the NFC Championship, specifically Brett Favre and his ill-advised pass-punt in overtime, an easy interception that led to the Giants’ game-winning field goal. Few New England fans doubt that the Pats would have cruised past the Packers. Honorable Mention: The Helmet Catch, of course; Eli Manning fumbled twice in the Super Bowl but lost neither; Patriots cornerback Asante Samuel failed to secure what could have been the game-sealing interception on New York’s final drive. 2009 Super Bowl: Pittsburgh 27, Arizona 23 Most Fortunate Moment: While Steelers defender James Harrison returned an interception 100 yards for a touchdown, he got unintentional help from Cardinal Antrel Rolle who – stepping onto the edge of the field for a closer look – bumped into receiver Larry Fitzgerald, preventing Fitzgerald from making the tackle in time. (Keep an eye on number 11 running along the sideline in this clip.) Honorable Mention: Roethlisberger bounced back from a concussion suffered during the final week of the regular season to beat the Chargers in the divisional round; in the AFC Championship, the QB fumbled twice but lost neither in a 24-19 win over the Jets. 2010 Super Bowl Winner: New Orleans 31, Indianapolis 17 Most Fortunate Moment: On a potential game-tying drive, Colts receiver Reggie Wayne came up short on his route, allowing Tracy Porter to cut in front of him for a pick-six. Honorable Mention: During their on-sides kick – a gamble that made putting all your cash into lottery tickets seem like a sound investment – Indy receiver Hank Baskett had the ball bounce off of him, giving the Saints possession to open the second half. 2011 Super Bowl: Green Bay 31, Pittsburgh 25 Most Fortunate Moment: I’m not sure what I was doing at this time, but, honest to God, I remember nothing about these playoffs. Apparently the Chicago Bears were down to their third-string QB (Caleb Hanie) in the NFC Championship game; Hanie threw an interception directly at Packers defensive lineman B. J. Raji, which seems like trying to throw a crumpled-up piece of paper into a wastebasket and not realizing there’s a door in front of it. Honorable Mention: Um, I dunno … health? Seriously, I got nothing. Did these playoffs happen? Most Fortunate Moment: An injury to regular San Francisco punt returner Ted Ginn, Jr. put Kyle Williams into the spotlight for the NFC Championship. That worked out great for New York, as Williams muffed one return and fumbled the other, respectively leading to a regulation TD and the game-winning field goal in overtime for a 20-17 win. Honorable Mention: Gronkowski getting hurt during the AFC Championship, making him less than 100 percent for the Super Bowl; New York fumbling three times in the big game and – again – losing nary a one. 2013 Super Bowl: Baltimore 34, San Francisco 31 Most Fortunate Moment: In the divisional playoff, Denver safety Rahim Moore got lost on Joe Flacco’s 70-yard pass, allowing the tying touchdown with 31 seconds left to play. Baltimore won in OT. Honorable Mention: Gronkowski’s absence from the AFC Championship game; Patriots cornerback Aqib Talib’s injury during that game opening up the passing lanes for Flacco; in the Super Bowl, terrible play-calling for the 49ers on their potential game-winning drive; on that drive, the refs allowed contact on a potential pass interference penalty in the end zone. (Something that probably would get the call this year.) 2014 Super Bowl: Seattle 43, Denver 8 Most Fortunate Moment: On the first snap of the game, Denver center Manny Ramirez shotgunned the football past Peyton Manning into the end zone for a what-the-heck-just-happened safety. Seattle’s D had a huge game, but didn’t have to lift a finger to get the lead. The Broncos’ lack of preparedness for the Seahawks’ 12th man set the tone for the night. Honorable Mention: In the NFC title game, on a fourth-and-seven play, Niners defensive end Aldon Smith went offside, giving QB Russell Wilson a free play (as he told in this game story); Jermaine Kearse snatched Wilson’s pass in the end zone, giving Seattle a 20-17 lead on their way to a 23-17 win. 2015 Super Bowl: New England 28, Seattle 24 Most Fortunate Moment: Unlike what seems like the rest of the world, we don’t think the play call was the worst in Super Bowl history; http://seattletimes.com/html/seahawks/2025601887_brewer02xml.html however, the Seahawks’ decision to pass from the one-yard line gave rookie Patriots defensive back (and instant fan favorite for life) Malcolm Butler the chance to intercept the ball and seal the game. Also fortunate? As we saw in the “Do Your Job” program, the Patriots had planned for that exact play in the previous week’s practice. Honorable Mention: The Patriots finally – finally! – had a mostly healthy roster, with Gronkowski, Julian Edelman, Vince Wilfork and a full O-line contributing; Darrelle Revis and Brandon Browner signed with New England and re-shaped the defense. (For a year, at least. A very good year.) For most of the past two games, the Seahawks seemed destined to win this thing. From Green Bay’s inexplicable breakdown in the NFC Championship to Tom Brady’s first interception (I mean, really Tom. Where? To whom?) to what would have been deemed the Juggle Catch, Seattle looked like SB repeaters for sure. The Pats just needed a break. And they got it. Thoughts regarding lucky moments on the big stage? Let us know in the comment space below. You can reach Chris Warner at chris.warner@patriotsdaily.com or @cwarn89 on Twitter. Published by Chris Warner View all posts by Chris Warner 112 thoughts on “With A Little Bit Of Luck (2016 Edition)” Weeeeee “I don’t know this, um, I think that the synthetic marijuana story might be just a story,” Carter said. “Just for me, it don’t pass the smell test for me. To me, I think that — I think he was smoking marijuana, and I think he was smoking some marijuana laced with PCP, or angel dust. And I think that’s what made him trip out. Now, he could have been smoking synthetic, but it’s a better story — it’s a better story to tell: ‘That’s the reason I’m here.’ So when he got to the police station, why was he smelling like marijuana? Because synthetic doesn’t smell like marijuana. So for me, I don’t know all the details of the case, but I’m just a little — uh, the synthetic, that’s a better way to put it.” Carter then invoked the name of Aaron Hernandez, the former Patriots tight end now in prison for murder, as a cautionary tale. http://profootballtalk.nbcsports.com/2016/01/15/cris-carter-speculates-chandler-jones-smoked-pcp/ Paying_Attention says: To really be convincing, Carter should have said “Speaking from experience…” Also, I forget, did Carter make any baseless speculation about Manning and the HGH shipments received at his house? Or did he wait for “more evidence” in that case? Three weeks ago, Cris Carter was sensitive to potentially untrue reports about drug use. He chastized Al Jazeera. pic.twitter.com/O9g82A9a9J — Michael Hurley (@michaelFhurley) January 15, 2016 Tony C says: He probably applauded Manning’s ability to “find a fall guy” in that case….even though the fall guy turned out to be a fall gal, his wife. “Do you have any idea what this does to kids?” APNDaveR says: I don’t think those accusations will stickum. You just made me FallGuy out of my chair laughing Meanwhile, OTL is doing some investigative journalism on the chess club dudes running meth labs: E-Sports and PED use? https://t.co/u6aKser9GA — Bob Ley (@BobLeyESPN) January 15, 2016 Mgar6577 says: I would say the biggest luck in the 2015 super bowl was that ridiculous catch by Kearse. The fact Seattle even got down to the goal line was a miracle. The playcall on the goal line was fine, the execution was terrible. Daniel Mateus says: Right! Some people would say to me the Pats got lucky and I would say to them it evened out because Seattle was lucky for even getting down there. That drive should’ve stalled out mid field. StoJa says: Anyone care to venture a guess on HOW IN CHRIST’S NAME does Cris Carter have a job on TV? From the “have a fall guy” at the rookie symposium to the outrageous accusations and comparisons made on Mike & Mike in regards to Chandler Jones. From Carter to Ray Lewis to Keyshawn and Ditka, ESPN wants the names and not the substance. Their hiring process must be get a name in the studio and if he can sound intelligent or knowledgeable, well, we’ll just call that a bonus. How does Bruschi even stand to work there? archstanton543 says: I think you answered your own question. . Most of those TV analyst jobs, for former players, are 6+ figures. You get to work basically 6 months of the year, enjoy really nice fringe benefits, fly first class, etc. I ask the same but.. we all do have to put food on the table. Karma is a fickel master. http://espn.go.com/nfl/story/_/id/14577195/espn-senior-nfl-analyst-chris-mortensen-throat-cancer-taking-sabbatical-treatment No one wants someone to suffer with cancer. By all accounts Mortensen is not an evil or bad human being…instead he ruined a sterling reputation all in the name of god knows what…access, marching orders, some misplaced idea that he was doing right when in reality he was being manipulated…who knows. We will never now get him to face the Boston media and explain why he did what he did to Tom Brady…he has far more important things to worry about. I wish him good luck in his battle against the scourge that is throat cancer (some of them can be particularly evil and difficult). He has a family and a life outside of reporting…he needs it now more than ever. It's becoming clearer that Chiefs will beat the Patriots. This has the makings of a lock-it-up situation. Official prediction on Saturday. — Manish Mehta (@MMehtaNYDN) January 15, 2016 Brian Shea says: He’s the gift that never stops giving in terms of an idiot media member to make fun of. Did the same thing with the Jets – Bills in the last game of the season. Guaranteed a Jets win. They lose and are eliminated. Yeah, his “confidence” on these and then how he acts like a child when they don’t go right is funny. Just say I think X wins. That’s fine. The stone cold stuff makes him look like some gambling clown who sells “picks” Didn’t the Gare Bear say the Pats had no chance to win too? lol Heard referees forgot the kicking balls & gauges at their hotel. Needed an escort to retrieve them prior to game….nice job NFL — Scott Zolak (@scottzolak) January 17, 2016 I’m surprised that the NFL didn’t already fabricate a story about some Patriots agent breaking into the hotel and stealing them. Some media critiques in no particular order following the Pats/Chief’s game: – I had an hour drive around 10:00 pm last night. I tuned into WEEI and listened to a part of the Real Post Game show… WEEI had Glenn Ordway, Fred Smerlis and Butch Sterns doing the wrap up. I have no idea how well they did right after the game but the 10:00-11:00 our was absolutely brutal. It instantly took me back to all of the bad things about the old drive time Big Show that we all spent years documenting. From talking over each other, to inane points, to idiotic callers, to a pace that glacial…BRUTAL. What is interesting to me is that Ordway has been quite good on MFO. I think Merloni is the weak link on that show and out of season Fauria does nothing for me but Ordway’s presence has really cleaned that show up and made it pretty good. Not so with the Real Post Game show last night. You would think the playoffs would bring out the best in WEEI…they certainly made an offer bringing Ordway on to the show. Failed miserably. – I thought CBS’s coverage of the game was bad. I take that back…it was worst than bad. Dan Fouts had absolutely no idea what game he was calling. He barely understood the game. He had problems with getting rules right and with describing accurately the plays he was watching. Several times he wanted calls to go against the Pats when it was clear they should not go against them. He just did not know what he was talking about. – Because it needs to be asked…what were the air pressure readings from the game balls last night. If you measure them in a 72 degree room and then play the game in a damp 37 degree environment…how much did they pressure drop. Enquiring minds want to know. I ask this because the conditions yesterday were almost identical to the conditions the ones a year ago in the Pats/Colts game. – Speaking of the Colts and the Ravens and the Cowboys how is the Golf going…yes I am petty and vindictive. – Lastly, this one has nothing to do with the Pats game. I think the coverage of the Rams moving to LA has been fascinating. Your Glenn Ordway has been the most on the ball about the whys and hows locally and to be honest has had a better perspective and grasp than most of the national guys. The reason I find the who conversation interesting is that people have somehow forgotten that the Rams started out in LA. That the team was only moved to St. Louis because they could not get a stadium done in LA. It took 22 years to work out those details (talk about the pace of government). If you look at what Kronke is going to do at the old Racetrack you will see Patriot Place on steroids. The repercussions of that project are going to change Englewood, and the flow of traffic in LA for years as it will become as big a destination as Disneyland. I think the scope of the project has been lost on a lot of people who look at renderings on a phone or even a computer monitor and don’t comprehend what a $3 -$5 bill complex will look like. I hate LA…it is my least favorite place in North America…yet I am already looking forward to going out to see a game at the new facility and see all that they do in the min city they are building around it. I lost track of how many times Fouts said a missed catch was a touchdown if they caught it. I think there were 6-7 hypothetical touchdowns scored in the 1Q alone, according to Danny Boy. My favorite was when he said a Chiefs DB would have had a pick-6 on the Edleman bobble (eerily reminisant of the Colts game) even though Jules tackled the guy. Or how he kept insisting the Pats need to run the ball and you can’t pass every down!! Ironic coming from Air Coryell himself. The “announcing” across the board for the NFL is parody-level now. This year I haven’t caught much or when I did, I was watching a Redzone feed somewhere or had the radio on. I think it’s usually Harlan doing the Westwood One games that WEEI got but I never kept track. As far as TV, I’m not even sure how to judge quality between everyone that is on. Simms does something dumb multiple times in a game. Mike Carey is a joke and gets everything wrong. Even Pierra seems like he’s just hawking products in an expensive suit. Aikman is so bland and uses the same seven cliches. Even Gruden is tiring now. It’s not like these networks don’t have their pick on who can do games. Not helping matters is the product. Nobody knows what a catch, PI or many of the rules are. I’m still wondering who this was: Nothing like a squeaker of a fart while you are announcing a football game! #PITvsDEN #NFL #Football #NFLPlayoffs https://t.co/3RTmsZnQOP — patrick (@PeegeRiley) January 18, 2016 Rules? The NFL confirmed this morning that its rules do not require a coin to actually flip during the coin toss. But… https://t.co/S4B072ckdf — Kevin Seifert (@SeifertESPN) January 17, 2016 If I consumed enough paint thinner, could I morph into Phil Simms? Phil Simms already in 3rd quarter form- "very confidence" @JohnDennisWEEI @kirkmin pic.twitter.com/mWXgXyDMVP — Graig Murphy (@GraigMurphy) January 17, 2016 Damn, I’m already aggravated about the Pats having to go to Denver next week because of the “head-to-head tiebreaker.” The officiating on Nov. 29 was a disgrace; I’m not expecting it to be much better next Sunday either. This is, after all, the golden boy (nothing to see here) HGH user’s last real shot at a Super Bowl, right? Yes, after the league’s conduct towards the Patriots’ organization over the past 12 months, I’ve gone full-blown conspiracy theorist, and I hate that Goodell and his minions have turned me into a tinfoil-hat wearer, I really do. sjc6224 says: Me too. I haven’t watched any football this year because of the nonsense and the fact that I am 100% sure the league won’t let the Patriots win this year. I hate it. #FireGoodell Me either. I have watched — I kid you not — maybe 20 plays, total, of other NFL games this season that did not involve the Patriots. This past weekend I watched what I could call “most” of the Pittsburgh/Denver game (probably two and a half quarters) because I wanted to see if the Pats would get a break and have home field for Sunday’s game. That’s it. That “great” Green Bay/Arizona game? Didn’t watch a single play. The channel was immediately switched over to the last half of the Bruins game after Brady took his final knee against KC in Foxboro. I’m done with that corrupt league run by that corrupt, lying jackass of a commissioner. The Patriots, and only the Patriots, are my focus. As for this coming Sunday, I’m really in full tin-foil hat mode over this game, and I HATE IT. I was never like this before the made-up joke that was the “Deflategate” saga. Even with Spygate, I thought that was just a combination of Goodell being clueless about the history of the NFL and the “unwritten/unspoken rules” between teams that were always allowed to go on behind the scenes under previous commissioners, and his loving the media spotlight a bit too much, plus the hateful agenda of a media that had been drooling for a chance to “get” Belichick and “make him pay” for the way he “treated them” in press conferences over the years. Of course, that was before Deflategate and Tom Curran’s excellent reporting about just how many ex-Jets (and ex-players/personnel from other teams) with axes to grind against BB (e.g. Kensil) are actually employed in important positions in the league office. I really don’t see the NFL letting them win this game Sunday. If they were playing the Steelers at home, I could see the Pats being “allowed” to sneak by and then get hammered by the league/refs in the Super Bowl two weeks hence. But this game? This game is against Saint Peyton — whose alleged involvement with HGH isn’t worth investigating or even talking about, apparently — in what could very well be his last shot at the Big Dance. I expect A LOT of laundry to fly against NE, and I expect most of it to fly after the Pats make big plays on either side of the ball….just like in November (and in the 2006 AFC title game at Indy, when ALL of the questionable/bad calls went the Colts’ way). I mean, they could lose this game fair and square, too. Now they’re beat up on defense just as their offensive guys are starting to come back, and stopping the run has been an issue for them over the last several weeks, so who knows? But if they’re playing well, and doing well early in the game, I really expect the “balance-tipping” by the refs to ramp up to “11”. Troy Aikman entering into Fail Simms category: VIDEO: Troy Aikman wanted the Seahawks to kick a field goal…on third down:https://t.co/zB6kGKBcey — Someone's An Idiot (@SomeonesAnIdiot) January 18, 2016 Anyone else have Brad Edelman on their DFS team? He’s won me some big bucks! He was just o with D/C/M. Literally a laugh out loud funny interview. Not because he was being funny but because….well, you know. “Peyton was razor sharp and very accurate. Brady, not so much.” I just….I can’t even…. He named the 3 incidents but it seems like there’s something missing from it all. Link: https://twitter.com/WEEI/status/689114548691845122 “I reported it, OK?” “I reported that too, OK?””I reported this too, OK?” mediablowhards says: Casserly’s face should be in the dictionary next to the definition of delusional. He still crows about “going against public and media opinion” and drafting Mario Williams #1 overall for the Texans in the ’06 draft when “everyone” said they should draft Reggie Bush. So, that’s one thing he got right during his career (but isn’t “going against public and media opinion” and making “unpopular” decisions part of what being a GM is all about?). He also drafted Heath Shuler fifth overall during his tenure in Washington (and later claimed that Shuler really wasn’t “his guy” in that draft), and traded up to draft Desmond Howard in ’92, expending a lot of draft capital to do so. He was on Beathard’s staff when Beathard built those semi-dynastic Redskins teams in the 80s, but when Casserly got a chance to run things on his own, well, he was no Beathard. The team that won it all in ’91 was pretty much in place already by the time Casserly took over as GM, though he deserves some credit for tweaking around the edges and putting on the finishing touches. I thought Matt Hasselbeck was legit gonna try and fight Minihane this morning. “How DARE you say something bad about my binkie, Peyton Manning!! How dare you, sir!!” Unreal. Pats fans may #DefendTheWall but my sweet lord, the media will die on the wall for Manning without question. They’d turn on each other just for the right to be the one to take the bullet. Deflategate turns 1 today: Monday is the one year anniversary of the start of Deflategate. Ah, the memories… — Bob Kravitz (@bkravitz) January 18, 2016 I love how he celebrates it at 12:15. It still remains one of the juiciest stories out there for a reporter to become the next Woodward/Bernstein, whom many idolize and got into the business because of, but we’ve yet to have any takers. http://thornography.weei.com/sports/boston/2016/01/18/reporter-who-started-deflategate-celebrates-1-year-anniversary/ Ah yes, Kravitz, the memories…….of the final lost shreds of whatever journalistic credibility you may have had before you helped the league launch this phony witch hunt at the behest of your beloved Colts. Eff you, moronic hack. Portnoy is already trolling him. Asking “Little Bobby Kravitz” if he’ll “see him in Santa Clara.” LOL “It still remains one of the juiciest stories out there for a reporter to become the next Woodward/Bernstein, whom many idolize and got into the business because of, but we’ve yet to have any takers.” That really is hard to believe. A story that would embarrass the leadership of a sports league is just sitting there. So much of the information is publicly available that anyone who posts here could put together a decent article. Imagine what someone with contacts, inside information and an audience could do. The fact that no one will is an interesting sub-story. The salient things that come to mind w/o doing a true balance sheet: – Complete dismissal and ignoring of science. (Shocking, too, the public has no interest.) – Problems in methods used trying to convict Patriots (difference in gauges) – The dozens? hundreds? of lies from Goodell/NFL proven wrong thanks to testimony and required discovery. – League has still not released PSI. Why isn’t the media going nuts here? Perfect opportunity to nail the Cheatriots, right? – How the whole thing was started on two lies that have been discredited. – How the league lied to the Patriots thanks to them dumping the emails from Pash and the other clowns on Park Ave. – The “independence” of Ted Wells. You could write a book on how this is a joke. – Remember the theft of the balls? When Schefter send a TOW missle directly into Bob Ley, live on OTL and Kelly Naqi? Nothing followed up there. I’m going off what I can recall from wasting so much time invested in this. There’s probably dozens more if you were to go back over the past year and just look at documents + PR. We’re not even talking some pretty extreme liberties with circumstantial evidence and negligent conjecture, like Wells did. This isn’t a fishing expedition. There’s voluminous, tangible facts out there for someone that it seems like anyone with some interest and sources could unearth within a month. I’d like to know why nobody has done it either. Not everyone is “owned’ or affiliated with the NFL. JFP says: My spiteful Pats fan hope is someone is investigating this behind the scenes and getting their ducks in a row to write an airtight expose of the NFL. Seems to me that could make a career. I wonder if Dan Wetzel (who you linked above) has considered it. He’s been on the NFL’s case since the beginning. I have to believe Bill Simmons is lining something up for his new show to incriminate the NFL & ESPN. Hell of a way to make a premier. In related news, Bob Kravitz starts pleasuring himself at 12:16 AM. TopFlight says: Peyton’s move of sliding then popping up and throwing is being described mostly as savvy and heady despite the officials blowing the call. What would the reaction be like if Brady pulled that maneuver? Tom Shady! Cheatriots! Belicheat! Waahhh waahh I lost my binky! I’m curious on the ratio of Deflategate references to Peyton’s HGH references during Sunday’s CBS broadcast. I predict 3-0. Synthetic MJ to HGH will be 2-0. Doug Masters says: If nfl releases ball inflation week before super bowl than Kraft should have Stallone and Arnold take out HQ in NY. HTF can this even be under consideration let alone floated to the press? Curran tackles the “NFL might release PSI” and does a usual succinct shredding of the debacle this whole thing is: http://www.csnne.com/new-england-patriots/why-would-anyone-believe-nfl-psi And there are still some commenters below that article who say “Brady cheated!” Facts…..they just don’t matter these days; not to enough people anyway. ALERT! ALERT! CONTRARIAN RADIO AHEAD! To nobody’s surprise Felger has flipped the script. For two months he’s been leading the “Manning is done” charge, but now “he’s not as bad as everybody thinks he is.” By everybody, you mean you, as well, Mike? And he’s parlayed that into people saying Manning is garbage are really saying Denver as a whole is garbage. It’s amazing. It really is. Evil, trolling, contrarian genius. Dale said it best – “You are the best straw-man argument in this town.” He’s been accusing “Patriots fans” of taking Denver lightly ever since the final gun sounded in the Denver/Pittsburgh game on Sunday night. WTF? The Patriots almost never win in Denver. They’ve lost to good teams, mediocre teams, and even a couple bad ones out there. It goes all the way back to the Elway days and it’s continued through the BB/Brady era. It’s a house of horrors for them out there. Bad, weird things happen to them when they play in that city. Also, the Broncos have won 13 games this season. As BB’s former boss used to say: you are what your record says you are, and Denver is 13-4. So….who the hell is taking Denver “lightly” next Sunday? Maybe some of the more yahoo-homer types out there, but certainly not most Pats fans. I imagine most of them are as pessimistic as I am about this game. Between the Manning “swan song” story, the fact that Denver is a good team, the home crowd, and the NYJFL’s desire to see ANYONE but the Patriots win the Super Bowl this year, the Pats are certainly facing long odds next week IMO. Felger can suck it (h/t Shawn Thornton). Denver being good and Peyton Manning being good are two separate issues and he’s trying to wrap them into one. I would give Denver a much better chance with Osweiler behind center. I wouldn’t. I see Osweiler as having different weaknesses. He might have a stronger arm but his decision making is slow and the decisions he makes are questionable. The Broncos have a sophie’s choice to make…the guy with the dead arm who sees and processes fast or the guy with the live arm who processes slow and makes poor decisions. In reality Denver doesn’t have 2 QB’s they have none. Agreed. It has been extremely frustrating. But let us never forget that at his core, Michael Felger is a massive troll. Yes, he’s been far better than usual this season, but there had to come a time when he was going to pull this. He has many points that aren’t bad ones, such as the Pats having a real tough time playing in Denver, that the refs will likely be against us, etc… But much of that is his non-existent strawmen. He gets a few yahoo callers who might say that, but most logical people out there are not taking this game lightly. Jerry Thornton sums up Dan Shaughnessy and gets a a shot in at the Globe at the same time: Like I said, it can’t be easy to be the Curly-Haired Boyfriend in an age like this. He owes his career to the miserable, downtrodden teams and nut-crushing losses he grew up covering. And now, faced with unprecedented levels of success in a league designed to prevent long-term, sustained excellence, he’s never figured out how to adapt. He’s a communist party apparatchik after the fall of the Soviet Union struggling to embrace the freedom and democracy of the decadent West he always hated. If the Pats should win another Super Bowl and Shaughnessy is further exposed as the trolling fraud he is, at least he’ll have a paper route to fall back on. http://thornography.weei.com/sports/boston/2016/01/19/dan-shaughnessy-claims-patriots-blew-season-by-losing-to-miami-on-purpose/#more-6202 That last line….FATALITY. Got in my car today and fired up the Tune-In Radio app on my phone. Dale & Holley were in commercial so I turned to DB & YARM and honest to god, I hear Felger que up Danny in Quincy and when he’s done screaming who’s next? Carlton in Norwell. I seriously contemplated taking my hands of the wheel and letting fate drive. Safe to say it was the longest Dale & Holley commercial break in the history of radio. The Big Show “celebrity” callers were mostly dumb, in some cases funny. The guys Felger parades on the airwaves? Infuriating. Rage inducing. Maddening. Remember when Felger bragged in the beginning of the Hub that they wouldn’t do celebrity callers like the Big Show? Felger has become what he destroyed. He cuts off callers, gets mad at his staffers when they don’t agree with him, insults,mocks callers and listeners,relies on the same “celebrity” callers everyday to troll the audience and just like Glenn mostly ignored “serious” hockey talk so has Felger done the same with the NBA. The only thing Felger hasn’t done yet is gain 100 lbs and grow a mustache but that’s coming. Don’t forget the mock turtleneck sweaters. This is the 2nd time in 3 weeks you’ve referenced vehicular mayhem -. We need to track you on WAZE. Our long National nightmare is over, third shifters and early risers. Noted Patriots troll, Deflategate Truther, Jets fan and gambling addict Jason Page is going off the air! Woo-hoo! Him vs. Marlboro Man vs. Freddie Coleman was rough if I had to be driving at those hours. I don’t know if he was good or bad before DG but, over the past few months, he made so many football segments about trolling Patriots fans. The same guy beating his chest with his “national audience” and how D/C/M were “obsessing over him?” Page used to have a local show in CT on ESPN radio and only lasted a few years there. It didn’t help him that he decided to attack the UConn basketball team. Not for an off court issue or the school giving him a hard time about interviews. He apparently thought it was a good idea to mock the team and alienate his audience. After this latest failure, maybe he should realize that talk radio is not for him. “He apparently thought it was a good idea to mock the team and alienate his audience. ” I dunno, sounds like he’d be perfect for the Boston market. Hope CHB won’t count on the paper route if this “columnist” thing doesn’t work out. Print, everywhere, is on life support. The USA Today drop is insane. Did hotels stop giving it out? That’s why it was so high in the first place. print sure appears to be on life support these days https://t.co/fMdRenpHbN pic.twitter.com/ZS6mSYvC00 — Eric Kay (@ekaycbs) January 20, 2016 I’m actually shocked that the drop isn’t worse…. I would like to know what the numbers are of people who dropped the paper copy and pay for the digital like my father and the WSJ or my uncle and the NYT. Yes, I think a lot of this can be attributed to that. People are growing more accustomed (resigned) to paying for digital subscriptions. But, man, look at USA Today, which doesn’t have digital subscriptions (perhaps many hotels don’t leave papers in front of every room) A few months back, I stayed at a local Holiday Inn (300 rooms) for a conference near-by that I know used to give papers to every room each morning, and they no longer do it. They did have about 10 copies between the restaurant and front desk, but asked that you kept them in the area. I didn’t ask why the change was and don’t know if this is the same w/most hotels. Same questions I had. None available. It’s like the internal metrics for people like me who stream WEEI or SportsHub all day, not that I count w/o a PPM anyways. No doubt you guys have heard about the Flemming saving a woman story. It came from his HS in Chicago. Guess it might not be true? I’m not jumping to any conclusions since #1 Boston LOLbe Investigative Reporter, Chief Inspector Ben Clouseau is on it. Not jumping to any conclusions on Fleming story. He described incident in great detail. Told same story to teammates that he told me today — Ben Volin (@BenVolin) January 20, 2016 (I sure hope to hell this guy isn’t making up stories but is this something you make up, let go viral, and lie to your teammates about? Yeah, I am sure there’s a DSM V entry/disorder for this but you know people check up with this stuff.) EDIT: Chris Villani follows up On Darius Fleming, per Walpole police log, there was a multi-vehicle accident last Thursday 4:19 p.m. on Rte 1 & Foxhill Drive, no injuries — Chris Villani (@ChrisVillani44) January 20, 2016 The NFL media spends more time scrutinizing a heroic act by a Patriots 3rd string LB than they do illegal PED shipments to a 5X NFL MVP. — Patriots SB52 (@PatriotsSB49) January 20, 2016 Yeah, just chill! He’s a journalist! It’s not like eight years from now people will still be talking about this. You know like the time the Pats filmed the Rams practice. Bazinga! Slow clap for you my friend…… This whole thing is pretty pathetic. The Globe, TMZ and Deadspin (others I’m sure) have spent most of the day “trying to corroborate” the story with the inference being that it might not be true. Trollin ,et al should spend more time vetting their OWN stories first. He who lives in a glass house, etc etc. State Police confirm #NFL refs left the kicking balls at #Boston hotel before #Patriots – Chiefs game. Troopers drove them to Gillette. — David Wade (@davidwade) January 21, 2016 the_other_side says: The best is Bert Breer trying to make this about the fact that the cops were used, not that the NFL officials screwed up…again. He could ask his boss on that one. Did Kraft get one of these from Ben Lol-in after he mistakenly connected the wrong dots last year? I would first like to apologize to Darius Fleming, who acted like a true hero last week in helping save that (cont) https://t.co/QZKfVlcant No I don’t think he did…maybe its lost in the notoriously slow inter office mail system at Schaefer Stadium. Insert irony and joke about Boston LOLbe and “delivery” As if the media wasn’t problematic enough before Twitter, this episode further illustrates how ridiculous the “race to be first” really is. In the end, NO ONE except for the mediot that is first, cares about who or what outlet was the first to report something. But to these mediots, it’s their Super Bowl trophy. So instead of working through ALL of the channels and carefully fact checking what amounts to be a molehill of a story in the grand scheme of things, the mediots race to discredit Fleming. And let’s give give Trollin’ some credit, most of the mediots that did the exact same thing will never issue any kind of an apology to Fleming. It’s just business as usual. If the NFL does decide to “release the PSI numbers”, I think we’ve got our PR strategy: “A couple days after the HGH news on him broke, everyone from ESPN’s Tom Jackson to Jim Nantz declared it a non-story, but the stuff about me and PSI is still lingering,” said Brady. “Peyton told me that, first of all, I should claim it was Gisele who wanted to deflate footballs. And, second, I need to imply that anyone who speaks ill of me is likely a Muslim who just wants to bring down an American sports hero.” Peyton Manning Advises Tom Brady: "Just tell everyone your wife deflated those footballs" https://t.co/kqzLXR6Eqv — SportsPickle (@sportspickle) January 21, 2016 OK, OK….this is the last of my conspiracy stuff about Sunday’s game, I promise. BUT, the Patriots are 8-10 in the last 18 games ref’d by Hoculi, and Denver is UNDEFEATED IN THIS MILLENIUM in games ref’d by Eddie “Gun Show.” I don’t even know if I can watch this thing…… Matthew McKnight says: I don’t think anything the NFL does is by accident And the local media (Neumy being the most recent one) is calling us “crazy” for fearing what the NYJFL may try to pull. They’ve just spent the last 12 months brutalizing the Patriots organization and its marquee player over a huge, made-up pile of nothing. Does anyone out there really believe that Goodell and Co. will tolerate Brady, Belichick, and the rest of the Foxboro Legion of Doom being the team to oust Saint Peyton from what could be his last playoff game, and his last legit shot at another Super Bowl appearance? And if anyone out there doesn’t believe Goodell is having nightmares about the possibility of handing yet another Lombardi over to BB and Brady on Feb. 7th — while the 20,000 or so Patriots fans in attendance in Santa Clara mercilessly boo him and chant “Fire Goodell” or “Roooooogeeeerr!” — then they simply haven’t been paying attention. QuantumMechanic says: ESPN’s Kevin Van Valkenberg shockingly comes clean: “@bruceallen Thanks for the RT, Bruce. For the record: I was wrong then. Pats had/have a right to be pissed. I was part of the problem.” https://twitter.com/KVanValkenburg/status/690203903560957953 JamesAllen says: Thorton did an article on who he is: http://www.barstoolsports.com/boston/the-entire-country-could-learn-a-thing-or-two-about-humility-and-honor-from-espns-kevin-van-valkenburg One thing I’ve noticed is that at 10PM on weekdays, Mikey Adams is either replaced by Mutt, Villani or Arcand. They usually start as his “co-partner” even if he has Megs? (I don’t know if its his name) in studio. He’s already “off” half the year for the Sox and is on for maybe an hour when they syndicate Westwood One’s MNF package. Harbinger that they’re transitioning away from him? Boy, I hope so. I know Mikey has a niche audience, but there is nothing appealing about his program. I can’t even turn it on. I end up tuning in to 98.5 at nights just because Mikey is a total zero for me. It’s a shame too since I’ve always felt that a good night program on EEI could easily steal listeners from Adam Jones and his negativity. The only redeeming part of the either night program is Rich Keefe. Straker says: I think Mikey’s been on thin ice for awhile. He’s probably pretty cheap (which is why he’s lasted this long) but he needs a lot of support to get through four hours. I could easily see him being replaced by one of the younger guys when his contract is up. Lenny Megliola is useless. As for Mike Adams…as much as I want to see him gone his ratings are rock solid and way outperform how much he is being paid. The WEEI evening show is impossible to listen to yet stoners and 70’s Sox aficionados do it so well that the show out performs 98.5. As much as Mikey should be put to bed he is not going anywhere. On ratings, Finn’s article on 12/22/2015: From 6-11 p.m., The Sports Hub, which airs “The Adam Jones Show” and Bruins and Celtics games in that window, was first (11.4). WEEI, which broadcasts “The Planet Mikey Show” at night, was second (7.8). (The period covered is September 10 – December 2.) Even with the lack of optimism for the C’s and B’s, that must be a good # for Mikey, right? Some of that period includes MNF when it’s not the Patriots/Sox. I don’t know if it’s normal that stations take their evening show to the Superbowl. I recall, last year, that SportsHub even took Jones, but can’t be sure Mikey has been talking, for weeks, about how he’s planning to get into Santa Clara, since WEEI made it clear that they’re not taking him even if the Patriots are in it. I don’t have a count but I recall that both stations have sent their 6-6 groupings for the past few years, even if the Patriots aren’t in it, with how big of an event it has become. And, now, it seems like almost every sports talk station sends at least one of their drive-time crews for the week there. I know this news doesn’t affect us but this has to be a top5 nominee for “biggest sports lie of the year” The responses to the tweet are hilarious. LeBron James was informed of the decision to fire David Blatt today, he was not consulted on decision sources said — Brian Windhorst (@WindhorstESPN) January 22, 2016 NYT gets in on the DG science and how the NFL ignored it: "NFL Ignores Deflategate Science" @NoceraNYT gets in on the action: https://t.co/fP2er0yLq2 — Dan Wetzel (@DanWetzel) January 22, 2016 “The Deflator.” I’m an unabashed homer, and so my opinions will be dismissed as just that, but the more I think about WHEN Dorito guy called himself “the Deflator” (May 2014); the more I think about his use of the words “deflate and give me that jacket” when texting the other guy during the 2014 Green Bay game (from his couch in New Hampshire); and the more I think about how the word “deflate” has been used as a reference to weight loss in several men’s health publications, and even in an NFL Network program a few years ago, the more I think the guy really WAS talking about losing weight. He’s a big guy, after all, and he’s probably tried to drop weight a million times since he grew to that size. It’s just unfortunate that those texts exist, because, as you said, the term “The Deflator” and the infamous 90-second bathroom trip are the ONLY things the Deflategate Flat-Earth Society in the media (h/t Jerry Thornton) have left to hang their hats on, given that the “science” in the Wells Report has been utterly annihilated by far, far, far more credible sources over the last several months. Have I mentioned how much I hate Roger Goodell’s NFL? He’s got to go, and the first thing a new Commish should do is reinstate the stolen draft picks. It’s a friggin’ joke that they’re going to have to sit idle during the first round next May. It’s criminal, in fact. And this isn’t some schmuck writing it. It’s Joe Nocera. He’s one of the NYT’s big guns. Another passage that pissed me off was this one: “The other owners, feeling that the Patriots had been caught cheating a second time, wanted Goodell to crush them. Indeed, although the N.F.L. denies this, it was made clear to the commissioner that there would be repercussions for him if he went too easy on the Patriots.” That makes Kraft’s “for the good of the other 31” rah-rah-ing even more repulsive and pathetic. Between this and the “process” of moving teams to LA, it’s clearer than ever that most owners are duplicitous sleaze who would stab their mother in the back if it were good for business and Goodell is a highly paid goon/punching bag. I am confused. What was duplicitous of the Kronke move to LA. He owned a football team, he owned the land under the old Hollywood Race Track which is a perfect site for a football stadium and he never promised St. Louis he would stay. Now if you want to argue SD or the Raiders moving is duplicitous that I would entertain…but not so the Rams. They should have never have gone to St. Louis in the first place. Regarding the Rams, that kind of my point. He never had any intention of staying in St. Louis and negotiated in bad faith with the city. He and the NFL presented an offer that was a virtual non-starter so Kroenke and Rog could shrug and say “well we tried”. An offer that, as a side note, would have been awful for the taxpayers. Also, regarding the other two, they switched the vote at the last minute to be a secret ballot and it resulted in a bunch of the owners Spanos believed to have not voting for his proposal. These people will turn on each other at the drop of a hat so long as they can do it in secret. Exactly. To Spanos face, they agreed with him. Behind his back, they turned. So those other owners are just as ignorant about “Spygate” as the fans and media have been for the last 8+ years. For the love of God, have any of them heard what guys like Cowher, Jimmy Johnson, Dick Vermeil, and Mike Shanahan have had to say about that “cheating scandal?” It burns me that something that was a common practice and had been dismissed (rightfully so) as gamesmanship between teams by previous commissioners was allowed to become the NFL’s Teapot Dome scandal — it wasn’t even illegal to film signals, technically, if you peruse what the actual rulebook says (a memo from the league office cannot change a written rule; that’s a bylaw, even I know what that means). And can we please stop with the “Goodell went easy on them” crap? A first round draft pick is not a minor penalty. It’s huge, and it’s a commodity that the league office (both times under Goodell, not surprisingly) has now confiscated twice from the Patriots, while salary cap cheats (Denver) and teams who tamper with other teams’ players on a routine basis have received the equivalent of slaps on the wrist for their transgressions (can’t blame Goodell for Denver only losing 3rd rounders since he wasn’t in charge back then, but it just goes to show how must more level-headed about stuff like that Tagliabue was when he was in charge). The bottom line is that everything that’s been said about, and done to the Patriots by Park Avenue, the “other 31,” and the despicable media since 2007 has been fueled by pure Hater-Ade. That’s what this is all about. It’s a joke, and it’s driven me away from the non-Patriots portion of the NFL, for good. I think this was brought up before, but the ultimate dichotomy with Kraft is “31 or 5.5?” I don’t know who said it, and if they said it in that way, but we all know what it means. (A piece by Curran comes to mind.) Kraft seemed to “get us” here in the “5.5 Patriot States” but I think all of us wonder if he sold out at some point (and, if Jonathan did). Reasonable people don’t care if you make a shi-tload of money, but this whole incident all of us fight to this day; and, we’ll continue to because of your inaction. Even if you “lost” due to the NFL Charter, a la Al Davis, you’d still have a home, forever, here. Are you with us or against us? You want this zealotry and unbridled support? Basking in the glory of insane ratings, support, etc. (even with half the loser media in town being anti- )? You can’t sit there and just shill out like some f-cktard politician. Bob, we hold out hope. Patriots geographical cheating now!!!!!! Something tells me the Ted Wells “batsignal” won’t be hauled out of storage: FWIW, NFL is still reviewing any hgh allegations regarding Peyton Manning and the recent media report. Matter is not yet resolved — Jason La Canfora (@JasonLaCanfora) January 24, 2016 Oaktown says: Bill Belichick coached horribly starting in the second half of the first Broncos game through the end of today’s game. He coached us out of the #1 seed in the regular season, then coached to lose today before the ball was kicked off. Frankly, it was startling to watch and, hopefully, it’s not a sign of things to come. Doritos dink says: Hot take: Belicheck was secretly told by Kraft that the NFL couldn’t have the Patriots in the SB so he forced him to coach badly once they lost. Just bad enough, but allowed for Manning Brady and NFL to save face. Watching The Reporting On Chandler Jones No Super Bowl For Patriots, But No Quit, Either Approval Ratings - Joe Castiglione	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line967
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__label__cc	0.557212	0.442788	Briefly Writing Blogging about the process of writing appellate court briefs, appellate court rules, and appellate law. About Mike Skotnicki The Importance of Making Your Client a Sympathetic Figure: An Example from a Winning Brief. Mike Skotnicki One thing I have written about repeatedly in this blog is the need for an appellate attorney to write his or her brief in a way to make his client appear sympathetic to the members of the appellate court. To put it more bluntly, I’ve written that in my experience you are more likely to win appeal, regardless of the issues or law involved, if the judges feel warmly toward your client. Whether a living being or a business corporation, your client needs to be “humanized.” So how do you do that without making your intent obvious? You do it by putting favorable statements regarding your client in the Statement of Facts, by how you phrase the issues raised, or how you explain the nature of the case/appeal in the brief’s introduction. In a brief from two years ago where I helped a small plaintiff’s personal injury law firm successfully oppose a petition to the Alabama Supreme Court by the international manufacturer of the computer portion of an airbag/restraint system who sought a writ of mandamus ordering the trial court to reverse its order compelling discovery of an algorithm for deployment of the restraint system, I opened the brief focusing on the very human last moments of the life of the man killed in an accident when his airbag and seat belt pretensioner did not deploy. In two sentences I described a good, simple man, hopeful for the future, who was suddenly, for no good reason, wrenched from the lives of his family. On the way home from attending church as a family on Sunday, March 27, 2011, Ron [ ], the manager of a grocery store, and his wife Dorothy asked his stepson to drive them past a house they were hoping to buy. They just wanted to have another look. [description of accident] Ron [ ], riding in the front passenger seat, should have survived the accident. Everyone else did. Ron’s stepson, Matthew [ ], walked away with a minor thumb injury. Ron’s wife, Dorothy, a rear seat passenger who was lying across the back seat with a migraine headache, suffered a dislocated hip. She was not wearing a seat belt. Donnice [ ], the driver of the Nissan Murano, suffered minor injuries, as did Peter [ ], the driver of the Ford Ranger. The airbags in their vehicles had deployed. But unlike the Nissan Murano and Ford Ranger, the safety features of the 2008 Chrysler P.T. Cruiser that were supposed to protect Ron [ ] from injury in this crash failed to deploy. The pretensioner on the seat belt Ron was wearing didn’t activate to take up slack and lock and the front passenger airbag didn’t fire and inflate. Exhibit 2 (car interior). Unprotected, Ron was flung forward by the frontal collision with the Ford Ranger and his face slammed violently into the dashboard. His head and facial injuries caused a massive bleed which resulted in an anoxic brain injury. He died several days later at University Hospital in Birmingham, Alabama. Exhibit 3 (death certificate). As a result, his loved ones are now left with both unimaginable loss and unanswered questions. Why did both Ron’s seatbelt pretensioner and airbag fail to activate? Why did the pretensioner on his stepson’s seatbelt and the knee airbag activate, but the steering column airbag fail to do the same? What would cause the failure of three of the five crash-activated safety features in the front passenger compartment? Lawsuits are about finding answers to such questions, about finding truth. This wrongful death lawsuit in the Circuit Court of Etowah County by Dorothy [ ] is about finding, for Ron’s family, the true answers to these questions. Not simply the answers that a defendant would want them – and a jury – to believe. Lawsuits should be decided based upon facts being revealed, not by the fact some information has been concealed. If I had opened the brief with argument as to why the petitioner’s contention that the information ordered to be provided in discovery was not protected from discovery as a trade secret, I don’t believe I would have won. Focusing first on the moral reason why the discovery was needed — to answer the family’s question as to why their loved one suffered fatal injuries in a relatively low speed crash while everyone else walked away from the accident — provided the foundation from which to build the legal arguments that ultimately succeeded before the appellate court. Never forget that underneath the black robes, judges are human too, subject to be influenced by the same feelings and sympathies as the rest of us. While you can’t win an appeal solely by remembering to present your client in the most favorable light, in the right case, a close case, it can be difference between winning and losing. Categories: Writing Techniques Tagged: Appeal, appealsandbriefs.com, appellate court judges, brief writing techniques, Briefly Writing, Michael Skotnicki, storytelling, Sympathetic client Mike – great article. I’m writing a mandamus right now, and while the legal argument I’m presenting is very compelling, it pales in comparison to the human side of the story. As a lawyer trained in spotting critical legal points and counterpoints, that can easily get lost in the mix. thanks! Mike Skotnicki says: Thanks, Bill. Judges are people, too. « Going Against the Rules of Conventional Wisdom in Writing Briefs for “Longshot” Appeals. The Risks of a “Hinge Point” Appellate Argument. » Follow Briefly Writing via Email Your Next Summary Judgment Appeal: Focus on the Trial Judge’s Order. The Risks of a “Hinge Point” Appellate Argument. Going Against the Rules of Conventional Wisdom in Writing Briefs for “Longshot” Appeals. The Alabama Supreme Court Has Invited Defense Counsel to File Mandamus Petitions … And They Should. Alabama Appellate Courts Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals Appeals and Briefs by Michael Skotnicki, Esq. (a freelance legal writing service for lawyers) NBI Seminar – "Lessons in Appellate Briefing" – March 14, 2012 Unauthorized use and/or duplication of any material without express and written consent from this blog’s author is strictly prohibited. Excerpts and links may be used, provided that full and clear credit is given to Michael Skotnicki and www.brieflywriting.com with appropriate and specific direction to the original content. ABA Journal ABA Opinion 00-420 ABA Opinion 08-451 adverse facts Alabama Supreme Court Alissa Walker American Bar Association Appeal appeal brief Appeals and Briefs appealsandbriefs.com Appellant appellate briefs Appellate court appellate court judges Birmingham Bar Association blog Briefly Writing brief writing brief writing techniques Bryan Garner Conclusion conflict Continuing legal education Diagrams Eleventh Circuit Emphasis (typography) Farhad Manjoo Fiction writing Filing deadlines Font footnotes freelance attorney game plan Issues judges Justice Antonin Scalia Legal writing lists Matthew Butterick Michael Skotnicki Monospaced font National Business Institute oral argument Orkin Outsourcing Pacing Page limits Paragraph Length passive voice payday loans power words Quotation quotes Record on appeal Ross Guberman Sentence length Small Loan Act Space space after a period Standard of Review Statement of Facts stock stories storytelling subordinating conjunction Sympathetic client Teleconference Theme Trial court Typewriter typography Typography for Lawyers United States Supreme Court William Zinsser Writer's block	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line972
__label__cc	0.745438	0.254562	We're Arsenal 'Til We Die Blog on you Gunners Sunderland win shows patience pays off for those willing to work at Arsenal October 30, 2016 by blogonyougunners, posted in Arsenal, Football, premier-league As well as confirming Olivier Giroud’s messianic status at Arsenal, yesterday’s win at Sunderland showed that patience and hard work for players on the periphery of the first team squad really does pay off. Despite being usurped as first choice left back in recent years, Kieran Gibbs has stayed quiet, kept his own counsel and, quite simply, kept at it. Just as Nacho Monreal forced his way into the first team with good performances, so to Gibbs has put himself in a good position to capitalise should the Spaniard falter. If Nacho is not feeling a little pressure in these last few weeks, particularly on the back of some really encouraging run outs for the Englishman, then he could justifiably be accused of complacency. Of course, fixtures against Sunderland and Reading were far from the hardest tests Gibbs could have faced, but he has to be praised for really making an impression on both occasions. In fact, he was unlucky not to come away with a goal at the Stadium of Light on the back of a swashbuckling performance going forward. His cross from Giroud’s first goal, in particular, was inch-perfect and worthy of a starting berth on its own. And if Gibbs is to be hailed for his endeavour and patience, so to Alex Oxlade Chamberlain – who is continuing to grow and improve as this season progresses. I don’t think he is quite ready to force Theo Walcott back to the bench – his rushed and panicked effort when through one-on-one on Saturday is evidence enough of that – but he is learning. It’s difficult to express just how important that is. One of the biggest criticisms of Alex is that he lacks end product to go with his power and pace – but there have been signs of late that the tide is turning. He has taking a starring role in the last two rounds of the League Cup and came up with a quite brilliant cross from Alex Sanchez to nod home Arsenal’s opener against Sunderland. It’s just the sort of progress we all want to see from Alex. Issues remain; he needs to produce consistently, work on his decision making, and show more composure, but he is working hard and showing signs that a corner is being turned. Both Gibbs and Chamberlain are shining examples to anyone who is suffering a dip in form or a crisis in confidence. You can either sulk and be petulant – in the style of Mathieu Debuchy – or you can get your head down and work hard to improve. One thing is clear at Arsenal – you will always get another chance. Injuries and the sheer volume of games ensures that much. Whether you take that chance is down to how much you want it. Quick nods to Giroud and Mohamed Elneny – both players who have found themselves on the bench in recent weeks. In order to go far in all competitions this season, we are going to need squad players who are capable of maintaining a high level of performance when called upon. Where our bench has looked decidedly weak in season gone by, this year the players on the bench have been excellent – making real, measurable impacts when they have either come into the side or been introduced during games. There’s no guarantee that either player will be handed a starting berth in the weeks ahead, but they have done themselves no harm by slotting into a winning side and keeping that momentum and level of performance going. Excellent stuff. Tagged #Sunderland, Arsenal Previous postRoutine Reading win felt like an opportunity missed for Arsenal’s young stars Next postWhy victory is the only way for Arsenal to stop November curse becoming self-fulfilling prophecy Arsenal: Things are as bad as ever and there’s no sign it’s about to get better Unai Emery’s sacking arrived too late but at least it arrived ‘You’re not getting sacked in the morning’ – Arsenal board appears to back Unai Emery A shrewd move or management by PR? Unai Emery brings Ozil in from the cold Is it time for the return of Calum Chambers? Follow Blog on you Gunners on WordPress.com	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line973
__label__wiki	0.685716	0.685716	The Spectator podcast: Brexit, and the return of political lying Tom Goodenough To subscribe to The Spectator’s weekly podcast, for free, visit the iTunes store or click here for our RSS feed. Alternatively, you can follow us on SoundCloud. Are David Cameron and George Osborne using the same techniques of deceit deployed by New Labour in the run-up to the Iraq war? In his cover piece this week, Peter Oborne argues that’s just what is happening. He says that in their EU campaign, the Chancellor and Prime Minister have put dirty tricks back at the heart of government. But Matthew Parris in his column says that in politics there’s no point complaining about being lied to. That’s the cry of the bad loser. Both Peter and Matthew join Fraser Nelson on the podcast. Here’s what Peter had to say: ‘There was something very new about what I call the new Labour epistemology, which took away truth from its normal meaning and turned it into an instrument of power. Truth was what you said it was. When David Cameron turned up as leader of the Conservative party, I think it’s fair to say he offered a return to a more traditional political discourse. But what has happened in the last year really, is mendacity and fabrication and deception have re-entered politics from the very top. That’s very troubling.’ The Brexit debate has been spiced up this week by the intervention of Steve Hilton, the Prime Minister’s former chief strategist, who has said he thinks Britain should leave the EU. Hilton uses his experience at the heart of government to make the case for Brexit. But why have so few of those who he used to work with done the same? And will the Prime Minister ever speak to him again? Steve Hilton spoke to Fraser and had this to say: ‘The EU to me is one of the most clear representations of everything that has gone wrong over the last few decades, as we’ve seen more and more power being centralised.’ And what did some of his ex-colleagues make of it? ‘Oliver (Letwin) had a very, very strong point of view that that (leaving the EU) was the only way of dealing with it. I don’t know what his position is today.’ But why did Hilton decide to speak out? ‘The truth is that this is the fight of my life. every single thing i have done in my life has been driven by this fierce belief in people power and a loathing for anything and anyone who tries to stand in the way of that.’ And finally, is the ‘dating apocalypse’ upon us? After going in search of love by attending a speed dating event which required participants to sniff each others’ armpits, Ariene Sherine thinks it may well be. But whilst this sort of matchmaking might sound bizarre, is it true that for the increasing number of single women in their thirties, any dating idea can seem worth trying? Ariene discusses this with Cosmo Landesman and Fraser on the podcast. Will Britain vote to leave the EU? Can the Tories survive the aftermath? Join James Forsyth, Isabel Hardman and Fraser Nelson to discuss at a subscriber-only event at the Royal Institution, Mayfair, on Monday 20 June. Tickets are on sale now. Not a subscriber? Click here to join us, from just £1 a week. Political lying Steve Hilton Vote Leave The Spectator podcast: Brexit – the first 100 days Coffee House shots: Osborne’s Brexit budget The Treasury dishes up more Brexit fearmongering. Will it work? Steve Hilton claims PM was told net migration target is ‘impossible’ whilst we’re in the EU The Coffee House podcast: George Osborne’s Brexit warning	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line979
__label__cc	0.704742	0.295258	UW Bothell Home UW Seattle Inspiring Innovation and Creativity About UW Bothell UW Bothell Voices from Around the World Stories from UWB students abroad Students and Alumni Voices Africa/ Middle East MOROCCO–Helen Kapitonenko SOUTH AFRICA–Steve Kay SOUTH AFRICA–Jessica Velasquez TANZANIA–Esther Wambui Ndungu CHINA–Henry KYRGYZSTAN–Feruza Ghias INDIA–Angela Wirig INDIA–Holli Nolan INDIA–Lorena Andrea Marulanda INDIA–Marjan Atashkhayer Didra INDIA–Team India JAPAN–Cameron Locke JAPAN–Camille Tiotuico JAPAN — Caleb Schooler JAPAN–Derek Flett JAPAN–Muhammed Saleh JAPAN–Rebecca Angelsey JAPAN–Sean Wilson JAPAN–Urooj Qureshi JAPAN–Jessica Gray CHILE–Meghan Gill ECUADOR–Ashley Baker GUATEMALA–Heidi Stecher GUATEMALA–Lauren Smith GUATEMALA — Ronald Carrick GUATEMALA–Sukhaman Kaur PERU–Kendall Wiggins PERU–Mahleah Grant PERU–Pearle Maki PERU–Rebecca Crouse PERU–Sara Brannman AMSTERDAM–Janis Gaye Jordan ENGLAND–Brittney Phanivong FRANCE–Alvin Duong FRANCE–Ashley Potter FRANCE–Cassie Kays FRANCE–Heidi Hannah GREECE–Philip Palios GEORGIA/ROMANIA–Jeremy Lawson ITALY– Allison Pace ITALY — Billeh Scego ITALY–Brianna Nguyen ITALY–Jessica McGarvie ITALY — Jennifer Sims ITALY–Lauren Summers ITALY — Tessa Rough NETHERLANDS–Matt Rice NORWAY–Kelsey Bolinger SPAIN–Alicia Lookabill SPAIN–Shada Shomali SPAIN–Vanessa Teeter FRANCE–Chelsea Boren FRANCE–Danielle Storbeck ITALY–James Anderson JAPAN–Ngyuen Tong NEPAL–Sarah Reeves TOGO–Aimee Desrochers SPAIN–Eleanor Wort THAILAND–Stephanie Schoeppel Three Months in the Netherlands: An Update Posted on April 23, 2014 by Matt Rice What an incredible adventure this has been! The Dutch countryside in the province of Zeeland, as seen from the train. Three months ago, I stepped off of the train at Maastricht Central Station–exhausted from the 10-hour flight, weighed down with luggage, unknowing what my study abroad experience would play out to be. Yet, at the same time, I was extremely confident that this journey would change my life, and it certainly has. More than five years of studying the Dutch language and culture has not only allowed me to immerse myself in Dutch society, but also to feel even more connected with my Dutch heritage. I would recommend to anyone interested in studying abroad to learn the language of their destination country. There is just no way around the fact that this will allow you to really dig beneath the surface of the country’s culture and people. With that said, I have done daily tasks such as opening up a Dutch bank account entirely in the Dutch language. Doing so not only shows courtesy, but it also steps beyond the barriers of being a tourist. I feel that my vocabulary and fluency in the language are improving by the day. In the meantime, I’ve been keeping myself busy by visiting new cities and villages on the weekends by train; and, attending tutorials (classes) at University College Maastricht (UCM) during the week. A day spent in Veere–a small fishing village in the province of Zeeland. We couldn’t have asked for better weather! In addition to recording my experiences abroad with UW Bothell Voices from Around the World, I’ve been working as a writer and photographer for UCM’s magazine The Bell–a student-run publication which features a broad variety of sections that students can write about based on their own interests, and what they believe their fellow students would find interesting. Our last issue published–the “Beating the Blues” winter edition–was a complete success. Although my experience as an exchange student has been very smooth overall, it of course has had its challenges. For example, an average class size at UCM consists of about eight students, plus the tutor. The students are responsible for establishing objectives for the next tutorial which will be discussed based on the assigned readings, as well as conducting the two-hour discussion based on these readings. This process is called Problem-Based Learning (PBL). My first quarter (period) at UCM presented a challenge because of the stark differences in learning styles between UCM and UW Bothell. Also, the courses in themselves were very complex and specific. With Spring approaching, I envision PBL becoming a bit easier. What I’ll always admire about this college is the sense of community, international demographic, and excellent faculty. University College Maastricht as seen from the central courtyard. The building used to be a monastery; whereas the exterior has been kept original, the interior has been entirely remodeled. Another challenge has also come about. Bicycles are the main mode of transportation for the majority of Dutch people–especially in the city. Two weeks ago, the brakes on my bike gave out–one of which broke off of the handlebars and is now hanging by the cord. That same night, my headlight was stolen. Upon returning to Maastricht from Easter weekend in Aarhus, Denmark, I came to find out that the front wheel had also been stolen while I was gone. In short, my bike has fallen apart and has been rendered useless at this point. It’s now just a matter of repairing it or buying a new one if the price is right. Finally, Maastricht has become a second home to me. Homesickness has not become a problem, and although I will always love the United States, my family and friends, the UW Bothell, and the UW Bothell, I know that the United States and the Netherlands are extremely important to me. They have their similarities, and they have their differences. They’re great in different ways. Posted in Europe, Matt's Blog, UWB Student Blogs \| 4 Replies Sounds and Smells of Maastricht Posted on February 14, 2014 by Matt Rice As I waited upon arrival at Maastricht Centraal for a taxi to my apartment, I was inundated by certain sounds and smells that just didn’t exist in the States–and ones which I will now always associate with this city. Depending on where you are, most of the smells stay the same, yet others change. The combinations were intense; so, I decided to write a quick post about these observations. Shoes clicking on the cobblestone streets February 2014 – The river Maas The revving of moped engines The bicycles themselves (chains and chain guards) The engines of German performance cars bolting down the streets Seagulls hovering over the river Maas Low-pitched horns of cargo ships Street violinists in the Markt and the Vrijthof (two large, public squares in Maastricht), and the Sint Servaasbrug–a bridge which dates back to Roman times The Smells Perfume and cologne Freshly-made Belgian waffles Flowers sold in small, local markets Friet – the equivalent of Dutch French fries Becoming Dutch – The Journey There My three-hour flight from Reykjavik-Keflavik to Amsterdam Schiphol Airport landed safely. I made my way to the baggage hall, and then to the main train station located directly underneath the airport. This is where my journey began. I stepped onto the train from Amsterdam, which would take me to Utrecht Centraal Station. Once I changed tra ins, I was headed for Eindhoven Centraal, followed by quick stops in the cities of Weert, Roermond, and Sittard. On the train from Amsterdam to Maastricht and everything in between, here is what unfolded: flat, green countryside; narrow, reddish-brown, brick houses; and canals which grazed the landscape. Icons like these are what are often expected when in the Netherlands, and I could not have been more in awe and excited that I was actually here. It wasn’t only the landscape which impressed me–it was the people. I had the chance to observe Dutch life as it was. From teenagers on their iPhones, to parents listening to their children about their day at school and soccer practice, it was all real. When traveling to the Netherlands, ask people questions. They are generally more than happy to help a visitor. And, do so in Dutch–their language. It’s very common for the Dutch to speak multiple languages (Dutch, English, German, and/or French) as a result of early language education beginning in elementary school and continuing until the end of secondary school or beyond. I think that Dutch is underestimated and under-learned. In fact, leaving Amsterdam, I struck up a conversation in Dutch with a woman and her sons who were about my age. The family gave me hints on which cities and areas should be visited in the Netherlands, and which ones should be avoided. I also spoke with two gentlemen before we arrived at Utrecht Centraal. As we stepped off the train and went in our own directions, the two friends offered some helpful advice on how the Dutch train network works, as well as a useful smartphone app which maps out your route for you. It’s these small experiences which add a second, more-refined dimension to travel. © 2020 UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON BOTHELL Visit UW Bothell	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line980
__label__wiki	0.594422	0.594422	‘Jamestown’ Recap: Season 2, Episode 6 1/8/2019 in Drama by Lacy Baugher Verity (Photo: Carnival Films Ltd 2018) Previously on Jamestown: A weird episode sees Nicholas Farlow return from Bermuda with a fey new acquaintance named Simeon, who claims to be an alchemist and bears a more than passing romantic interest in his friend. In the end, though Simeon cannot make gold, he claims to have changed his gender, but Farlow chooses his love of the law over sexual attraction and sends his new friend away. Elsewhere, Jocelyn chooses herself, telling both Dr. Christopher and James Read that she can be with neither of them, even though none of us are terribly clear on how she has enough money to live on as a widow with no property. Need more details? Our full recap of Episode 5 is right this way. Reminder: Jamestown is a WETA Passport-exclusive series, meaning that in order to watch it, you’ll need to be a WETA Passport member (If you have Amazon Prime, you’ll also be able to watch the series week-by-week over on the PBS Masterpiece channel.) The sixth installment of Jamestown’s second season follows a familiar pattern, once again embracing the show’s ridiculous spirit and telling several truly unbelievable tales. But, since they’re focused on characters we care about, they’re a lot more fun to watch than Episode 5’s unwanted and unasked for sojourn into Farlowe’s psyche. This installment has everything from impending rebellion to government deception, all mixed in with the threat of a Spanish invasion, wandering ghosts and a mysterious eclipse that riles everyone’s superstitious natures. Someone even goes randomly blind out of nowhere! Why can’t every installment of Jamestown be like this?? Things pick up literally right where the previous episode left off, as the Sharrow men and a mob of dudes we’ve never seen before head toward the settlement in a rage. They’re infuriated by the realization that Governor Yeardley seems to have conveniently made their tobacco shipment disappear at the hands of privateers, while his own crop safely made it to market in England. Yeardley’s decision to diffuse the situation by virtually making up a Spanish army heading to Jamestown to kill everyone is a wild move, but mostly works since the colony gets distracted by the fact that they have to stockpile food and supplies for an impending siege. Only his wife Temperance manages to figure it out – yet again, the women on this show are really the ones who should be running everything – and he becomes physically violent with her when confronted. Remember when we all thought that Yeardley wasn’t a trash person??? Henry, Pepper and Pedro (Photo: Carnival Films Ltd 2018) Despite everything else going on, Jamestown decides right now is the best time to flex its horror chops, devoting half this installment to a weirdo plot wherein Jocelyn and most of the settlement believe they’re being haunted by Samuel Castell’s ghost. Given that these are people trying to survive day to day in a strange, inhospitable and often dangerous land, it’s probably not surprising that they all believe in the supernatural, but poor Samuel is really getting dragged over the coals in the afterlife this year. First being suspected of being a Catholic spy for Spain and now this! Alice insists that the eclipse they all witnessed is a sign some evil spirit means them harm, and for a bit it seems like she could be right when bizarre things – maggots, unidentifiable apparitions – start appearing to folks throughout the settlement. A tornado strikes the colony out of nowhere, and random objects start flying around Jocelyn’s house in the night. It’s wild, and all the more so when Jamestown leans into the creep factor, pouring on the sketchy sound effects and scary lighting cues. Suddenly, everyone’s a an expert on the supernatural – Alice and Jocelyn drive spikes into Samuel’s grave as a method of containing his spirit, while slave girl Maria creeps about doing what appear to be voodoo rituals in the dark. Even Chacrow pops up to tell people about unsettled spirits and unfinished business. The fact that the settlers finally decide to deal with the problem by digging up Samuel’s body and forcing people to lay hands on it to see if the body starts to spontaneously bleed. (This is a process called cruentation and it was a real method of seeking proof in the Middle Ages. I’m not sure that seventeenth century Englishmen would still be into it but this show is hardly the most factual thing on television. That Joss somehow manipulates the process to get Massinger to confess to Samuel’s murder is hardly the most unbelievable thing that’s ever happened, particularly when he manages to get hung and somehow not die five minutes later, only to rise up again like something out of Scream. Verity and James Read (Photo: Carnival Films Ltd 2018) Honestly, the only truly shocking bit about all of this is that it’s ultimately Verity Rutter who kills him. The most strangely interesting beat in an episode that maybe has ghosts in it is Verity’s insistence that she be allowed to fight the presumably invading Spanish like a man. Now, I’m not sure why anyone on this show would try to insist that Verity couldn’t take care of herself if given a weapon and properly instructed on how to use it, as we’ve all seen that she’s brave, capable and the farthest thing possible from a shrinking violet. Surely, she’d be a better bet as a warrior than her husband, who is a coward and can barely stay sober for a couple of hours every day. Yet, everyone looks down on her for her desires – except James Read, who is now, I guess, the colony’s Perfect Man. Despite the fact that he holds a job which would almost demand he be a sexist jerk, he instead helps Verity craft her own sword in his smith, and educates her about how to use it. Jamestown has had such difficult to figuring out what to do with this character over its two seasons – despite the fact that she’s one of the most spirited and intriguing women on the show – that we can only hope this is a sign of better things to come for her. What did you think of this episode of Jamestown? Let’s discuss in the comments. Related Program PBS Passport Presents: Follow the lives of three women in colonial Jamestown. Watch online » Digital media type by day, Lacy has a fairly useless degree in British medieval literature, and watches entirely too much television in her free time. Ninth Doctor enthusiast and all around Whovian evangelist. Say hi on Twitter at @LacyMB. More posts by Lacy Baugher » Jamestown Jamestown Recaps Jamestown Season 2 Episode Recaps ‘Jamestown’ Season 2 Will Arrive on PBS Passport This November Get ready: "Jamestown" Season 2 will hit PBS Passport this November! ‘The Great British Baking Show’ Season 5, Episode 9 Recap: Patisserie Semifinal Our four remaining bakers sprint towards the finals by creating petits fours, fraisier cakes and choux gateaus. 'The Durrells in Corfu': Season 3, Episode 7 Recap This week on The Durrells in Corfu, two men dear to Louisa are in need of rescuing while Leslie has to choose between his career and family.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line981
__label__wiki	0.863952	0.863952	Janet Mullany Posts by Janet Mullany in Drama by Janet Mullany A new small-screen version of E. M. Forster's Howards End arrives on PBS' Masterpiece. Our Janet Mullany sorts out the first episode, where three very different families' lives become entwined in Edwardian London. How British Pantomime Became Such a Holiday Tradition in Theater by Janet Mullany It’s how the Brits let their hair down during the holidays. But what is the appeal of the British pantomime and how did this traditional holiday entertainment evolve? Let's take a look. What's A Jane Austen Convention Like? Let's Find Out in Books by Janet Mullany December 16, 1775 is the birthday of beloved author Jane Austen, whose books and life continue inspire passionate devotion worldwide. But what happens when Janeites gather and what do they talk about? Let's find out. STARZ's 'Dublin Murders': Mysterious, Compelling and Challenging We take a look at STARZ's Dublin Murders, the mysterious and demanding series based on Tana French's Dublin Murder Squad books In the Woods and The Likeness. Remember, Remember the Fifth of November: The Real Story of Guy Fawkes in History by Janet Mullany Gunpowder, treason and plot! We dig into the real history of why a failed domestic terrorist attack four centuries ago is still celebrated by Brits today. 'Poldark': Who Was the Real Ned Despard? The real-life story of reckless, tempestuous colonel Edward Despard is woven through much of Poldark Season 5. But was he a dangerous revolutionary or a flawed idealist? We'll give you the history to decide for yourself. 1066: The Only Date All Brits Know On October 14, 1066 William of Normandy won the Battle of Hastings, taking the English crown and changing history. How did this happen? Why is it so important that all Brits can remember it? Let's take a look at the myths and facts of England's most important date. Hallie Rubenhold's 'The Five' Offers a New Perspective on Jack the Ripper Our Janet Mullany read author Hallie Rubenhold's brilliant book about Jack the Ripper's five victims and thinks you should too. Here's why. The Brits are coming: The History of The Battle of Bladensburg Do you know what happened at the Battle of Bladensburg on August 24, 1814 and why it became known as the Bladensburg Races? Our Janet Mullany goes back in time to nineteenth-century Maryland to investigate. If You Love British Comedy, Try 'Cold Comfort Farm' Cold Comfort Farm hasn't been out of print in its fifty-year history, and there's a reason for that. Our Janet Mullany explores an English comedy classic.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line982
__label__wiki	0.884926	0.884926	Samantha Mewis U.S. Soccer stars arrive via Panini Instant before World Cup qualifiers The U.S. Soccer Men’s National Team will be suiting up for World Cup Qualifiers next month and the women’s squad will be in action in September, too, giving Panini America its latest shot at a big goal. More soccer collectors. How does that happen? More cardboard — and we’ve got the details after the jump. SoccerAlex Morgan, Allie Long, Carli Lloyd, Christen Press, Christian Pulisic, Clint Dempsey, Crystal Dunn, Emily Sonnett, Lindsey Horan, Panini America, Panini Instant, Samantha Mewis, Tobin Heath, U.S. Soccer, U.S. Soccer Men's National Team, U.S. Soccer Women's National Team	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line983
__label__wiki	0.574705	0.574705	Clare Louise Hawkins Professor with special responsibilities Inflammation, Metabolism and Oxidation Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 København N, 12.6, Building: 34 Clare.hawkins@sund.ku.dk Tryptophan residues are targets in hypothiocyanous acid-mediated protein oxidation Hawkins, Clare Louise, Pattison, D. I., Stanley, N. R. & Davies, Michael Jonathan, 15 Dec 2008, In : Biochemical Journal. 416, 3, p. 441-52 12 p. Separation, detection, and quantification of hydroperoxides formed at side-chain and backbone sites on amino acids, peptides, and proteins Morgan, P. E., Pattison, D. I., Hawkins, Clare Louise & Davies, Michael Jonathan, 1 Nov 2008, In : Free Radical Biology & Medicine. 45, 9, p. 1279-89 11 p. Hypochlorous acid oxidizes methionine and tryptophan residues in myoglobin Szuchman-Sapir, A. J., Pattison, D. I., Ellis, N. A., Hawkins, Clare Louise, Davies, Michael Jonathan & Witting, P. K., 15 Sep 2008, In : Free Radical Biology & Medicine. 45, 6, p. 789-98 10 p. Hypothiocyanous acid is a more potent inducer of apoptosis and protein thiol depletion in murine macrophage cells than hypochlorous acid or hypobromous acid Lloyd, M. M., van Reyk, D. M., Davies, Michael Jonathan & Hawkins, Clare Louise, 1 Sep 2008, In : Biochemical Journal. 414, 2, p. 271-80 10 p. Identification of plasma proteins that are susceptible to thiol oxidation by hypochlorous acid and N-chloramines Summers, F. A., Morgan, P. E., Davies, Michael Jonathan & Hawkins, Clare Louise, Sep 2008, In : Chemical Research in Toxicology. 21, 9, p. 1832-40 9 p. Mammalian heme peroxidases: from molecular mechanisms to health implications Davies, Michael Jonathan, Hawkins, Clare Louise, Pattison, D. I. & Rees, M. D., Jul 2008, In : Antioxidants & Redox Signaling. 10, 7, p. 1199-234 36 p. Catalytic oxidant scavenging by selenium-containing compounds: Reduction of selenoxides and N-chloramines by thiols and redox enzymes Changes in mitochondrial homeostasis and redox status in astronauts following long stays in space Low-density lipoprotein modified by myeloperoxidase oxidants induces endothelial dysfunction	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line986
__label__cc	0.619731	0.380269	Catalog Record: History of the Protestant Church of the United Brethren \| HathiTrust Digital Library History of the Protestant Church of the United Brethren / by the Rev. John Holmes. Holmes, John Beck, bp., 1767-1843. London : Printed for the author, 1825-30. Moravian Church > Moravian Church / History. Full view v. 1 New York Public Library Full view v.1 University of Wisconsin - Madison Historical sketches of the missions of the United brethren for propagating the gospel among the heathen, from their commencement to the present time. Historical sketches of the missions of the United Brethern for propagating the Gospel among the heathen, from their commencement to the year 1817 / Holmes, John, 1767-1843. The history of the Evangelical United Brethren Church / Behney, J. Bruce. History of the Church of the United Brethren in Christ / Berger, Daniel, 1832-1920. History of the church of the United Brethren in Christ. Spayth, Henry G. Drury, A. W. (Augustus Waldo), 1851-1935. A history of the Church of the Brethren. Church of the Brethren. Districts. Southern California and Arizona.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line989
__label__cc	0.642643	0.357357	Stellastars ( stellastars) wrote in calufrax, Stellastars Rec: The Benefits of Being Monochromatic, by Primsong Hello! I'm stellastars and this week I'll be pointing you in the direction of just a few of the fics I have enjoyed at Teaspoon. There will mostly be a mix of Classic Who, New Who, and Torchwood, but with a hint of Sarah Jane Adventures, Big Finish, and maybe even a crossover. I thought we'd kick off the week by starting at the very beginning, with a gen adventure featuring One. Story: The Benefits of Being Monochromatic Author: Primsong Author's Summary: "One and Ian set out to explore, and of course the girls must follow - but where do they go from there? And does it matter how you're dressed?" Characters/Pairings: Barbara Wright, Ian Chesterton, Susan Foreman, First Doctor Recced because: Simply put, this fic feels like it should have been an episode during the 1963-64 season. The characterizations are spot-on, especially in the dialogue and the interactions between characters. (Plus, there is a lovely bit of Barbara/Ian shippiness!) The plot is well-developed, well-written, and captivating. Even the pacing of the story feels like a classic serial: when the action breaks at a chapter's end, you half expect the title of next week's adventure to appear and the episode's credits to roll. The only significant difference between the classic show and this fic, is that Primsong has the opportunity to write "in color" and uses it to brilliant effect. Whether you're a fan of the original team TARDIS or more partial to New Who, the skill with which this story was crafted makes it an absolute pleasure to read. Tags: author: primsong, companion: barbara, companion: ian, companion: susan, doctor: 1, rating: all ages, reccer: stellastars, type: gen	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line997
__label__wiki	0.996624	0.996624	Cambridge FC Cambridge (/ˈkeɪmbrɪdʒ/KAYM-brij) is a university city and the county town of Cambridgeshire, England, on the River Cam about 50 miles (80 km) north of London. At the United Kingdom Census 2011, its population was 123,867, including 24,488 students. There is archaeological evidence of settlement in the area in the Bronze Age and in Roman Britain; under Viking rule, Cambridge became an important trading centre. The first town charters were granted in the 12th century, although city status was not conferred until 1951. Cambridge is the home of the University of Cambridge, founded in 1209 and one of the top five universities in the world. The university includes the Cavendish Laboratory, King's College Chapel, and the Cambridge University Library. The Cambridge skyline is dominated by the last two buildings, along with the spire of the Our Lady and the English Martyrs Church, the chimney of Addenbrooke's Hospital and St John's College Chapel tower. Cambridge is at the heart of the high-technology Silicon Fen with industries such as software and bioscience and many start-up companies spun out of the university. Over 40% of the workforce have a higher education qualification, more than twice the national average. Cambridge is also home to the Cambridge Biomedical Campus, one of the largest biomedical research clusters in the world, soon to be home to AstraZeneca, a hotel and relocated Papworth Hospital. This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Cambridge Cambridge F.C. is a football (soccer) club in Cambridge, New Zealand. They are the 2015 champions of the WaiBOP Premiership, run by the Waikato/Bay of Plenty Football Federation. Cambridge has eight senior men's teams and three women's teams competing in the Bay of Plenty and Waikato regions. Men's teams play in the WaiBOP Premiership (formerly Federation One) and WaiBOP Championship (formerly Federation Two), the Waikato A, B (2), C, and D (2) divisions and a Sunday league team known as the Red Devils. The women's teams play in the Waikato A, B and C divisions. The club also fields boys' and girls' youth teams and has about 430 junior team players (under 16). The club was founded in 1948 and has played at John Kerkhof Park, Cambridge, New Zealand, since 1967. The teams play in red and white, a legacy of the club's first president Vic Butler's support of Arsenal F.C.. The club achieved its first significant success at senior level, winning the Northern League’s 4th Division in 1979 and again in 1986. In 1989, it won the Northern League 3rd division title. This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Cambridge_FC Cambridge is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States, in the Boston metropolitan area. Situated directly north of the city of Boston, across the Charles River, it was named in honor of the University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom, an important center of the Puritan theology embraced by the town's founders. Cambridge is home to two of the world's most prominent universities, Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Cambridge has also been home to Radcliffe College, once one of the leading colleges for women in the United States before it merged with Harvard. According to the 2010 Census, the city's population was 105,162.As of July 2014, it was the fifth most populous city in the state, behind Boston, Worcester, Springfield, and Lowell. Cambridge was one of the two seats of Middlesex County prior to the abolition of county government in 1997; Lowell was the other. This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Cambridge,_Massachusetts Radio Stations - Cambridgeshire RadioFish Country,Oldies,60s UK Scanner: VHF Marine Radio Public UK RAT Radio Varied UK Gem 106 Varied UK Anfield FM Sports UK Skyline Gold 60s,Soft Rock,Rock,Oldies,Easy,Country,Classic Rock,80s,70s UK BBC Hindi - Tees Minute News Updates,Indian UK BBC Radio 1 Pop UK ToteSport Radio Sports UK Free Radio Herefordshire & Worcestershire Pop,Top 40 UK Miskin Radio Pop UK EKR - WDJ Retro Rock,Adult Contemporary,Soft Rock UK RollinRadio Electronica UK Hard House UK Dance UK Flight FM Electronica UK 80s And More 80s UK Sunshine Gold Oldies UK House FM Dance,Electronica,Jungle UK Jemm Two Indie Rock UK Rickhits Pop UK Dance Music 24/7 - EHM Productions 90s,Dance,Electronica UK Hope FM 90.1 Christian Contemporary UK Phoenix Radio Rock,Classic Rock UK ROK OTR Crime & Suspense Oldies UK Gold FM Radio Rock,90s,80s,Adult Contemporary,Pop UK BBC Radio 4 News,Talk UK Radyo 90 Sports,Folk,Pop UK BBC World Service Chinese Web Bulletin News UK URN College UK Sauce FM Dance UK The Bay Radio Varied,Adult Contemporary UK Sky News News UK Citybeat 96.7FM Adult Contemporary UK BBC Hindi - Din Bhar News Updates,Indian UK The Music Machine Alternative,Indie UK RWSfm Varied UK BBC Surrey Varied UK 106 Jack FM Oxfordshire Adult Contemporary UK Bradley Stoke Radio Varied UK Energy FM Old School Classics Dance UK KRAFTYRADIO.com Hip Hop UK Summer Time Radio 90s,Dance,Electronica UK Stomp Radio R&B UK Stress Factor Dance,Electronica UK Total Biker FM Rock,Punk UK BrooklynFM Rock,Classic Rock UK FRED Film Ch9 Romanian Talk UK Cross Rhythms Christian Contemporary,Christian UK Polskie Radio Londyn Pop UK LIVE FM UK Dance UK Radio Celtica Alternative UK Под дождём released: 2010 Под дождём Киноленты How to Walk a Tightrope released: 2008 How to Walk a Tightrope Board Up the Windows and Doors The Commonwealth in Bloom The Commonwealth in Bloom (acoustic) Grace Comes Home released: 2007 Grace Comes Home Blessed Jesus So Amazing (Amazing Grace) Come Ye Sinners Lay My Life Prepare the Way Sheperd's Fold (Instrumental) Invitation Fountain I Cannot Hide My Love My Hope (The Solid Rock) cambridgenewspaper.com madridnewspaper.com worldbusinessnewspaper.org saopaulonewspaper.com cambridgeclassiccars.com worldbusinessnewspaper.net cambridgetrip.com cambridgephysicaltherapy.com amsterdamnewspaper.com odessanewspaper.com malaysianewspaper.com nicenewspaper.com africanewspaper.com vegannewspaper.com hollandnewspaper.com cambridgeauction.com cambridgedelivery.com cambridgebowling.com stanfordnewspaper.com cambridgecouriers.com	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line998
__label__cc	0.560642	0.439358	Student Health Services: A Feasibility Study for Expansion Abstract: The problem and solution that this study proposes involves Student Health Services. The problem SHS currently faces is that the wait time to see the nurse on campus varies in length and at times it can take longer than a half an hour for the student to be seen. After in depth analysis and discussions with the SHS Director and sole nurse, the solution proposed is to hire a second nurse. Major: Business Management and Entrepreneurial Studies File Attachments: Capstone Feasibilty Study.docx , Capstone Excel with SHS Numbers and Calculations.xlsx Authors: Abigail Bailey "Adirondack Escapes" - Feasibility Study Abstract: “Adirondack Escapes”, located on Osgood Pond in Brighton, NY, is a yurt-accommodation that offers an affordable rate and comfort. This accommodation will serve primarily as an overnight stay destination for those who like to visit the Adirondack Park. “Adirondack Escapes” would like to one day expand its guests, and potentially, house college students from the two college in the area. File Attachments: NEW CAPSTONE DEC 3.docx Authors: Jordan Merry Monitoring the Zebra Mussel Invasion Front: Use of New Technology Abstract: Zebra mussels are invasive mollusks that are affecting the well-being of the water bodies in the United States. This study uses environmental DNA (eDNA) is a sensitive early detection system that may be useful in monitoring their spread. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of eDNA technology in identifying infested water bodies, to determine if zebra mussel DNA is in the Adirondack water bodies not known to be infested, if the water chemistry of these water bodies is favorable for zebra mussel establishment, and if the eDNA technology is transferable to an institution like Paul Smith’s College. Eighteen lakes, all in New York State were sampled, fifteen of which are located in the Adirondack Park. DNA was extracted from water and plankton samples and species specific primers were used for PCR amplification to determine if zebra mussel DNA was present. Of seven samples taken from sites known to be infested, five of these tested positive for zebra mussel eDNA. Four lakes not known to be infested within the Park also tested positive for zebra mussel eDNA. Based on zebra mussel risk parameters (water chemistry) applied to 1,469 Adirondack water bodies, less than 3% are at risk of zebra mussel establishment. However it is possible that established populations could occur at microsites that may have locally high levels of calcium and higher pH. Major: Biology, Environmental Sciences, Environmental Studies, Fisheries and Wildlife Science, Forestry, Natural Resources Management and Policy Authors: Alexandria Bevilacqua, John Bishop, Charles Cain, Tyler Clark, Seth Crevison, Robert Culyer, Ryan Deibler, Brian DeMeo, Jonathan Eckert, Kirsten Goranowski, Joelle Guisti, Alan Jancef, Korinna Marino, Michelle Melagrano, KaitlynNedo, Joseph Nelson, Aaron Palmieri, Cole Reagan, John Scahill, JohnathanStrassheim, Scott Travis, Sarah Van Nostrand and Sarah Vella Promoting Conservation of Biodiversity in the Adirondack Park Through Understanding and Engaging Stakeholders Abstract: Anthropogenic disturbance of natural environments has led to the widespread loss of native biodiversity and degradation of ecosystems. It is increasingly recognized that addressing this “biodiversity crisis” entails understanding the societal drivers of unsustainable patterns of use. Conservation psychology is a new discipline that specifically focuses on understanding the linkages between human behavior and action and promoting a healthy and sustainable relationship between humans and nature. In this project, we employed principles of conservation psychology with the goal of improving the efficacy and efficiency of conservation of biodiversity in the Adirondack Park (AP). To meet this goal we employed three specific strategies. The first of these strategies was the use of surveys to assess the values, attitudes, and actions different stakeholders have in regards to conservation of biodiversity in the AP. These surveys were disseminated via both direct mailings and online, and included 30 questions. Our second strategy was to use discourse analysis to create a dictionary of terms and phrases employed in a positive, neutral, and negative light in regard to conservation of biodiversity. This entailed analysis of 30 emic accounts derived from opinion articles written by stakeholders in the AP, as well as analysis of a number of etic accounts drawn from online sources. Our third strategy was to use conservation psychology literature to assess ways in which the presentation of information and peer-dynamics influenced the responses of stakeholders towards conservation of biodiversity. Using the combination of these three strategies, we were able to provide a holistic understanding of how different stakeholders in the AP perceive and act towards biodiversity conservation; identify language that can be used to illicit a more positive response from these stakeholders; and identify specific tools based on principles of psychology that can encourage more active and effective engagement in conservation of biodiversity by different stakeholders. Our research findings will allow groups focusing on promoting conservation of biodiversity in the AP to be more effective and efficient in their work in the future. Major: Environmental Sciences, Fisheries and Wildlife Science, Forestry, Natural Resources Management and Policy, Recreations, Adventure Travel and Ecotourism File Attachments: FOR 2011 Final Compiled Version 12_14_12.docx Authors: Christopher Critelli, John Ghanime, Derek Johnson, Samantha Lambert, Justin Luyk, Matthew Parker, Robert Vite, Heather Mason, Jesse Warner, Ethan Lennox, Sarah Robbiano, David Mathis, David A. Patrick Assessment of Anion Retention within Variable-Charged Eastern-Central Adirondack Forest Sub-Soils Abstract: Anthropogenic influences such as acid deposition and road salting have caused shifts in both the pools and fluxes of nutrients within Earth’s biogeochemical cycles. The mobility of ions within forest soils is a very well documented concept; however the significant mechanisms affecting these patterns are poorly understood. One mechanism affecting anion retention is the electrostatic attraction to soil colloid surfaces, which is poorly documented in the Adirondack Park. Soils were sampled from both glacial till and outwash sites with predominantly deciduous canopies. The amount of anion retention was documented through multiple soil ion extractions over a pH gradient from 2 to 9. A loss on ignition procedure was used to understand the relationship between both organic matter or Fe/Al oxides and the overall soil surface charge. The estimated retention of Cl- and NO3- is 252 Kg/Ha and 440 Kg/Ha, respectively. Using hypothetical watersheds, we calculated that it will take 14 years to saturate the subsoil with NO3- and only 7 years to saturate with Cl-. These results suggest that the effects of acid deposition may be seen up to 14 years even after deposition has ceased. The relatively limited retention of Cl- however, may explain increased salinization of freshwater ecosystems. File Attachments: Capstone Final Paper.docx Authors: John Mullins High Ruffed Grouse (Bonasa umbellus) Relative Abundance in a Transitional, Early-Successional Habitat Abstract: Abstract I recorded and examined ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus) flush data across upland hardwoods, lowland coniferous, and transitional habitats within the Adirondack State Park, New York. The flush data was recorded throughout September, 2011. Study site areas were accounted for to establish a flush per hectare rate. Contrary to my hypothesis the transitional habitat produced significantly more flushes (x2, p<0.0001) than the hardwoods and coniferous habitats. Lowland (conifer + transitional) and upland flush per hour rates were compared to a mean central Adirondack rate. I was unable to establish a significant conclusion from this comparison. A habitat suitability index indicated that stem density and the absence of aspen (Populus tremuloides, Populus gradidentata) appeared to be the limiting factors within the hardwoods habitat. Unanimous upland stem density suitability index values (SIV3) of zero resulted in an upland fall to spring cover value (FSCOV) of zero. If stem density was suitable throughout the upland habitat the quality of grouse cover would have increased significantly (FSCOV=0.9). However, aspen would have to be established to create quality grouse habitat with adequate cover and forage. Therefore, I concluded that as the upland forest stand ages and stem density increases, grouse densities are also likely to increase. File Attachments: Hamer_Matt Authors: Matt Hamer Burrow characteristics, nest success, and chick productivity of the black guillemot (Cepphus grylle) on two islands in the Gulf of Maine. Abstract: Knowledge of the black guillemot Cepphus grylle population, nesting habitat preference, nest success and chick growth in North America is limited as the majority of studies on this species have been conducted in other northern countries such as Ireland and Greenland. Petit Manan Island and Eastern Brothers Island (Gulf of Maine, ME) each offer unique black guillemot nesting habitat from each other. Petit Manan offers predominately debris-like habitat (driftwood, buoys, etc.) and Eastern Brothers offers traditional rock-cliff habitat. I investigated the influence of burrow characteristics on nest success and chick growth on both islands. Burrow measurements were particle size of nest substrate, nest depth, nest cup diameter, light penetration, and neighbor distance. Nest success was scored by number of eggs hatched and chick growth was measured through body mass indices (mass/wing chord). Nest cup diameters were significantly larger in debris than in rock burrows which were typically tight crevices. No other characteristics were statistically significant different between debris or rock burrows. Consequently, nest success and chick growth was not affected by type of burrow. Authors: Chelsea DiAntonio An analysis of social behavior in captive gray wolves and its effects on pack dynamics Abstract: Animals live in groups for a variety of reasons, including access to certain prey items, defense of territory, and protection of resources. Canids have proved a popular subject for studies in social behavior, and many variables of behavior have been tested, providing an in-depth picture of how these animals typically live. Gray wolves (Canis lupus) in particular have been studied extensively throughout the years, both in the wild and in captivity. This study investigated social behaviors within a captive wolf pack so that an activity budget could be established with aid of an ethogram. A pack hierarchy was also established using tail positions as a guide, and behavior frequency was compared between each gender. Overall, resting behaviors were the most common for the pack under study, and most common for both males and females. This is likely because the study took place during the summer when temperatures were high and the animals didn’t expend much energy. Males and females did not show a significant difference in the proportion of time spent exhibiting each behavior (X2=1), likely because each sex plays a similar role in the pack. While play behaviors comprised only 12% of all recorded, I believe that social play is an important function for providing social cohesion and an outlet for aggression. Since there is still much to be understood about social play in adult wolves, I believe that it should be the focus of future studies. I also believe that this study can provide a framework for future investigations of a similar nature, and that such future studies should also attempt to draw comparisons between wild and captive wolf packs, as they differ in several respects. File Attachments: equandt_capstonefinal.pdf Authors: Elizabeth Quandt A Study of Cover Type and Habitat Use of Radio Collared White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in South Western New York State Abstract: Two radio collared male white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) were monitored from late February to early November of 2003 and two collared deer were monitored from late February to early November of 2007 in southwestern New York State. White-tailed deer used deciduous forest the most during the study, occupying deciduous forest 90% of the time in 2003 and between 76% and 85% in 2007. White-tailed deer preferred deciduous forest each season, a high preference for evergreen forest during the spring and moderate preference for summer seasons, and shrub scrub during the fall season. P values of <.0001 were found for all individual and seasonal preferences. White-tailed deer collared in 2003 averaged 266.6 ha (50% kernel) and 95% use of 1167.0 ha (95% kernel). Those collared in 2007 averaged 425.5 ha (50% kernel) and 1626.3 ha (95% kernel). Spring home ranges were 35% smaller than summer, and fall, due to food preference and snow melt on a west facing slope. Summer ranges were driven by water resources and fall by the onset of breeding season activities. Seasonal shifts in mean centers for geographic distribution for spring to summer ranges were shifted by 580 meters, while summer to fall shifts were half of the distance (283 m). Deciduous and evergreen forests are important preferred food and cover resources used by white-tailed deer in this region, with this understanding the management of white-tailed deer populations can be greatly influenced by the management of those resources that white-tailed deer require and prefer. Authors: Joshua M. Matijas Hare Body Mass Index in relationship to habitat type andcover availability at the landscape scale in snowshoe hare in the Northern Adirondacks Abstract: Snowshoe hares (Lepus americanas) are an important keystone species in environments in which they are present. An important indicator of fitness in many organisms is Body Mass Index (BMI). My question is whether the BMI and relative abundance (hares per unit effort) of snowshoe hares will change under different habitat scenarios as determined by National Land Cover Data. I hypothesized that snowshoe hares would have a higher BMI and greater abundance under areas of higher % conifer and mixed forest. I collected weight, foot length, hare harvest location, and hunt effort data from two hare derbies in the northern Adirondacks. I calculated BMI, relative abundance, and % area of each type of habitat cover and correlated habitat cover with my response variables. I then used principle component analysis to describe the four main configurations of habitat where hare were found and correlated those with BMI and relative abundance. Univariate analysis showed that BMI correlates negatively with % mixed forest and positively with % herbaceous wetland and % developed land. Relative abundance does not correlate with BMI, but relative abundance correlates with herbaceous wetland, grassland, and shrub. Principle component analyses showed that BMI was marginally significantly positively correlated with habitats that were developed, shrub, and mixed forest dominated. Relative abundance was negatively correlated with habitats that were developed, shrub, mixed, and woody wetland dominated. These outcomes are the opposite of my hypothesis. This suggests that hares are energy maximizers and choose habitats where they have the highest quality food over cover from aerial predation. File Attachments: DeGrave_2011_Capstone.docx Authors: Caitlin DeGrave (-) Fall (11) (-) Fisheries and Wildlife Science (9)	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1000
__label__wiki	0.814885	0.814885	The Definitive SourceHow to gather international news in a perilous world Posted in Industry Insights How to gather international news in a perilous world When more than two dozen international editors convened in Boston on Friday for the International Press Institute/Associated Press Foreign Editors’ Circle, they discussed the challenges journalists face when working abroad. Short URL: https://blog.ap.org/_5e2 blog.ap.org/_5e2 Foreign Editors' Circle AP Vice President for International News John Daniszewski, who facilitated the conversation along with the co-founder and executive editor of the GroundTruth Project, Charles Sennott, shared these thoughts: John Daniszewski, vice president, international news. (AP Photo) Given the chance, here’s what a group of foreign editors talk about: How well do we cover the world? What is the future of international coverage for the new generation of news consumers? How do we ensure safety and protection for freelance journalists abroad in an increasingly perilous environment? How can editors and news people cope with the looming cybersecurity threats to their emails and confidential sources? Convened Friday at WGBH in Boston, the IPI/AP Foreign Editors’ Circle hashed through these topics, taking advantage of a rare opportunity to discuss challenges common across news organizations among editors organizing the coverage of international news. This was the fourth such meeting organized by the AP and the International Press Institute’s North American Committee. It also was the largest since the Circle was formed with a first meeting in 2013 at AP headquarters to meet the need for a forum for North American foreign and international editors to meet regularly. Among 26 participants were foreign or international editors from AP, Reuters, BuzzFeed, Mashable, The New York Times, The Washington Post, CBS News, the Philadelphia Inquirer, Public Radio International, “Frontline,” the Pulitzer Center for Crisis Reporting, the Christian Science Monitor and the Boston Globe. Hosting was the GroundTruth Project, and its president Charlie Sennott. His nonprofit, housed at WGBH, provides reporting opportunities for younger journalists to cover international news not involving conflict. For me, the best part of these meetings is the chance to hear from so many intelligent, thoughtful and committed colleagues in one room, articulating problems news organizations face working internationally, in an environment of increased government hostility and heightened control and surveillance in much of the world. It is an anxious time: There are restrictions on access and worsening security, both digital and physical. Threats range from denial of visas to arrest and imprisonment to murder. Faced with such impediments, the editors concluded there was little alternative for news organizations than to double down on tough, accurate coverage, take all possible precautions, and let the governments’ obstructions speak for themselves. Other important moments: Diane Foley, mother of murdered freelance journalist James Foley, shared thoughts on the ordeals of families of captive Americans; Doug Jehl, foreign editor of the Post, spoke about the value of solidarity among news organizations when faced with a challenge like the arrest of journalist Jason Rezaian; and AP International Investigations Editor Trish Wilson discussed tools she uses to protect the confidentiality of AP reporters abroad with Mark Maybury, vice president and director of the National Cybersecurity FFRDC. It was at the Circle meeting in 2014 that the editors launched an initiative that has since grown into a set of internationally recognized best safety practices, now adopted by nearly 100 news and journalist organizations around the world. At this meeting, David Rohde, Reuters’ national security investigations editor, updated that effort, which has coalesced into a task force called the ACOS Alliance, to help create and maintain A Culture of Safety by sharing security information with freelance journalists. Among other activities, it is focused on creating an affordable insurance pool for freelancers and grants for hostile environment training. It’s a point of pride that AP has been a charter member in this journalists’ safety campaign, and for me — having launched these meetings a little more than three years ago — it is more than satisfying to see the role the Circle continues to play. TOPICS: International news, Journalist safety, Journalism, John Daniszewski, GroundTruth, Foreign Editors' Circle, Cybersecurity INDUSTRY INSIGHTS Calling on governments to create ‘a culture of safety for journalism’ Feb. 5, 2016 INDUSTRY INSIGHTS Fighting for journalists and ‘the disappeared’ Oct. 5, 2015 ANNOUNCEMENTS Setting the standards for journalists’ safety Feb. 12, 2015	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1003
__label__wiki	0.953804	0.953804	European Union's exasperation with Greece spills into the open as EU chief rebukes Greek PM In unusually sharp terms, the European Commission president accused the Greek PM of distorting proposals by international creditors for a cash-for-reform agreement Virginia Mayo / Associated Press KRUEN, Germany — The European Union’s exasperation with Greece burst into the open on Sunday when its chief executive rebuked leftist Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras and warned that time was running out to conclude a debt deal to avert a damaging Greek default. In unusually sharp terms, European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker accused Tsipras of distorting proposals by international creditors for a cash-for-reform agreement and of dragging his feet in putting forward alternative proposals. ANGELOS TZORTZINIS / AFP / Getty Images He urged Athens to put its own ideas on the table swiftly to enable talks to resume on the sidelines of an EU-Latin America summit on Wednesday in Brussels. In Athens, a government official said Greece wanted to continue to negotiate “at a political level” to find convergence with the lenders. However, the euro zone and the International Monetary Fund have made clear the numbers must first add up in technical negotiations before there can be a political deal. Tsipras had been expected to return to Brussels last Friday to resume negotiations. But faced with a backlash against the creditors’ proposal in his Syriza party, he went to parliament in Athens instead and denounced the offer as “absurd.” Juncker came close to accusing him of duplicity. “I don’t have a personal problem with Alexis Tsipras, quite the contrary. He was my friend, he is my friend. But friendship, in order to maintain it, has to have some minimum rules,” he told a news conference at a summit of the Group of Seven leading industrial democracies in Germany. Asked when the last chance was for Greece to reach a deal and receive urgently needed funds remaining from a 240 billion euro bailout, Juncker said: “For sure there will be a deadline.” He did not mention a date, but EU officials said agreement was needed this week to allow time for ministerial and parliamentary approval of the disbursement of funds before the bailout program expires at the end of June. An EU official said the Commission chief had refused to take a phone call from Tsipras on Saturday to show his displeasure. Juncker confirmed that Tsipras had tried to call him but said he first wanted to receive and have time to study a Greek counter-proposal before speaking to him again. European Council President Donald Tusk, who chairs EU summits, criticized the leftist Greek government’s virulent rhetoric against European and IMF lenders. “If someone says I will lend you money but please give it back to me in the future, that person is not a ruthless robber, and it’s not true (that) debtors are always moral and creditors are always immoral,” Tusk told reporters. Juncker said he had made clear to Tsipras last week that items to which Greece objected, such as a demand to scrap an income supplement for the poorest pensioners, were open to negotiation if Athens put forward alternatives that yielded equivalent savings. “He didn’t tell parliament that we did address that subject already,” the EU chief fumed. There was no immediate reaction from Tsipras’ office to the EU leaders’ criticism, but Finance Minister Yanis Varoufakis continued the broadside against Greece’s creditors in a blog post on Sunday. “Greater austerity is being demanded from an economy that is on its knees, owing to the heftiest dose of austerity any country has ever had to endure in peacetime,” he wrote. “No offer of debt relief. No plan for boosting investment. And certainly, as of yet, no ‘Speech of Hope’ for this fallen people,” Varoufakis said. He urged German Chancellor Angela Merkel to address Greeks to signal Europe was ready to end its demands for austerity, just as U.S. Secretary of State James F. Byrnes had given hope to Germans in a celebrated 1946 speech after World War Two. Opinion polls show three-quarters of Greeks want to stay in the euro zone and a majority want the government to reach a deal with the lenders even if that means more sacrifices. Juncker said he continued to rule out a Greek exit from the single currency but cautioned that that did not mean he could “pull a rabbit out of a hat” to prevent it if Greece was not willing to make an effort. Juncker is widely seen as the senior EU official most sympathetic to Greece, and his display of anger showed how far Athens has gone in alienating its few allies in the bloc. Among hardliners in the euro zone, Slovakian Finance Minister Peter Kazimir said the Greek government had won elections by promising things it could not deliver. “The euro zone countries are trying to keep them in the euro zone but not at any cost,” he said. “They have to surrender, to continue with the program.” WatchConservatives savage 'disastrous' Liberal policy over cancelled Energy East pipeline White House considering changes to law banning U.S. companies from paying bribes overseas Gap backs away from plan to spin off Old Navy after its performance deteriorates RBC files AI patents to predict clients’ needs as big tech encroaches on bankers’ turf WatchBeware the pitfalls and perils of the gig economy U.S. Senate approves new NAFTA deal, handing Trump a major political win Lululemon used to be a niche player, now some think it could be the next Nike Newton Glassman's Gateway Casino deal offers little windfall for Catalyst Capital Burger King puts its plant-based Impossible Whopper on the value menu WatchCanadian farmers left with more questions after U.S. and China sign long-awaited trade deal Watch'Signing the deal is the easy part': The $95-billion centrepiece of the U.S.-China trade pact is already in doubt	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1017
__label__wiki	0.608596	0.608596	Oil dips on expectations of rising output, China factory and services stutter 30 Apr 2019 — Leave a comment Brent crude futures were at $71.75 per barrel at 0131 GMT, down 29 cents, or 0.4 percent, from their last close. U.S. West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude futures were at $63.35 per barrel, down 15 cents, or 0.2 percent from their previous settlement. Justin Solomon \| CNBC Oil prices dipped on Tuesday on expectations rising output from the United States and producer club OPEC would offset most of the shortfall expected from U.S. sanctions on Iran, but analysts said markets remained tight. A stutter in China’s factory and servicing industries in April also weighed on crude prices, traders said, as it suggested Asia’s biggest economy is still struggling to regain traction. Oil prices surged by around 40 percent between January and April, lifted by supply cuts led by the Middle East-dominated producer club of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) as well as by U.S. sanctions on producers Iran and Venezuela. But prices came under downward pressure late last week after U.S. President Donald Trump openly pressured OPEC and its de-facto leader Saudi Arabia to raise output to meet the supply shortfall caused by the tightening Iran sanctions. Stephen Innes, head of trading at SPI Asset Management, said the producer group “will want to avoid at all cost oil prices surging to levels that will trigger demand devastation, (while) it is clearly in OPEC’s best interest to maintain a solid floor on prices.” Bank of America Merrill Lynch said “Iranian oil production will fall to 1.9 million barrels per day in 2H19 from 3.6 million barrels per day in 3Q18 as U.S. sanctions kick in and waivers eventually expire.” Despite this, the bank said it expected “a nearly balanced market in 2019” as output from OPEC and also the United States will rise. French bank BNP Paribas said it expected oil prices “to rise in the near-term” as crude producers were “over-tightening the market in the face of unplanned supply outages and resilient oil demand”. The bank said it expected crude markets to climb until the third quarter of 2019, adding that prices would then “start to become vulnerable to a sharp rise in U.S. exports of light crude thanks to pipeline and terminal capacity expansion.” U.S. exports exceeded 3 million barrels per day (bpd) for the first time in early 2019 amid a more than 2 million bpd production surge over the past year, to a record of more than 12 million bpd. BNP Paribas said it saw WTI averaging $63 per barrel in 2019, up $2 from its previous forecast, while Brent will average $71 per barrel, up $3 from an earlier estimate. “In 2020, we see WTI averaging $64 per barrel and Brent $68 per barrel,” the bank said. This entry was tagged brent crude futures, oil prices, OPEC, Saudi Arabia, U.S. West Texas Intermediate, Venezuela. Bookmark the permalink. Oil falls after Trump says he pressed OPEC to make up for Iranian sanctions Oil prices continue to fall after Friday’s sharp pullback. President Donald Trump on Friday said he called OPEC and told the producer group to pump more oil to offset U.S. sanctions on Iran. Oil markets are already tight as OPEC and allies cut supplies and U.S. sanctions curb Iranian and Venezuelan exports. A Petrobras oil platform floats in the Atlantic Ocean near Guanabara Bay in Rio de Janeiro. Oil prices fell on Monday, extending a slump from Friday that ended weeks of rallying, after President Donald Trump claimed that he demanded OPEC raise output to soften the impact of U.S. sanctions against Iran. Brent crude futures were down 14 cents at $72.01 a barrel around 8:35 a.m. ET (1235 GMT). U.S. West Texas Intermediate crude futures lost 14 cents to $63.16. Both benchmarks fell around 3% in the previous session, after Trump said he told OPEC to lower oil prices. “Gasoline prices are coming down. I called up OPEC, I said you’ve got to bring them down. You’ve got to bring them down,” Trump told reporters on Friday. “Spoke to Saudi Arabia and others about increasing oil flow. All are in agreement,” the president later tweeted. The national average U.S. gasoline price is actually still rising, and sources denied that several high-level OPEC and Saudi officials spoke to Trump. Trump’s remarks triggered a selloff, putting at least a temporary ceiling on a 40 percent price rally in oil prices since the start of the year. The rally had gained momentum in April after Trump tightened sanctions against Iran by ending all exemptions that major buyers, especially in Asia, previously had. U.S. sanctions on Venezuela are also working to tighten global supply as fighting in Libya threatens to curb output there as well. “We are dealing with a market that’s not actually short of supply but is short due to politically-motivated action, and we know how quickly that can be turned around if necessary,” Saxo Bank analyst Ole Hansen told Reuters. “Being a bear in the market is a very lonely place now.” Traders said the market was shifting its focus to the voluntary supply cuts led by OPEC, de facto headed by the world’s top exporter Saudi Arabia. “We are of the view that Saudi Arabia will increase output as soon as May, something they were likely to do anyway in the lead up to summer,” ING bank said. “The Kingdom could increase output by 500 million barrels per day (bpd) and still be in compliance with the OPEC+ deal for the month of May.” The cuts have been supported by some non-OPEC producers, notably Russia, but analysts said this cooperation may not last beyond a meeting between OPEC and its other allies, a group known as OPEC+, scheduled for June. Russia has said it would be able to meet China’s oil demand needs as Beijing tries to replace the imports it usually gets from Iran. “Russia appears to have every reason to resume ramping up production levels and the base case should start to become (that) we will not see OPEC+ agree upon extending production cuts, with tweaks to cover the shortfall from Iran,” said Edward Moya, senior analyst at futures brokerage OANDA. — CNBC’s Tom DiChristopher contributed to this report. This entry was tagged brent crude futures, oil prices, OPEC, Saudi Arabia, U.S. West Texas Intermediate Crude, Venezuela. Bookmark the permalink. Oil dips on hope OPEC will raise output, but market remains tense U.S. West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude futures were at $64.83 per barrel, down 38 cents, or 0.6 percent, from their previous settlement. Oil prices dipped on Friday on hopes that producer club OPEC will soon raise output to make up for a decline in exports from Iran following a tightening of sanctions on Tehran by the United States. Despite this, oil markets remain tight amid supply disruptions and rising geopolitical concerns especially over the tensions between the United States and Iran, analysts said. The dip followed Brent’s rise above $75 per barrel for the first time this year on Thursday after Germany, Poland and Slovakia suspended imports of Russianoil via a major pipeline, citing poor quality. The move cut parts of Europe off from a major supply route. But prices were already gaining before the Russian disruption, driven up by supply cuts led by the Middle East dominated Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) and U.S. sanctions on Venezuela and Iran. Crude futures are up around 40 percent so far this year. Washington said on Monday it would end all exemptions for sanctions against Iran, demanding countries halt oil imports from Tehran from May or face punitive action. To make up for the shortfall from Iran, the United States is pressuring OPEC’s de-facto leader Saudi Arabia to end its voluntary supply restraint. “The U.S. will continue to pressure Saudi Arabia to lift its production to cover the supply gap,” said Alfonso Esparza, senior market analyst at futures brokerage OANDA. Jefferies bank said “a drop to 500,000 to 600,000 barrels per day (bpd) now seems realistic” for Iranian oil exports, adding that “at least China and potentially India and Turkey will continue to import Iranian crude. ” “OPEC will make up for the shortfall,” the U.S. investment bank said. Despite U.S. efforts to drive Iranian oil exports down to zero, many analysts expect some oil to still seep out of the country. “A total of 400,000 to 500,000 barrels per day of crude and condensate will continue to be exported,” said energy consultancy FGE, down from around 1 million bpd currently. Most of this oil would be smuggled out of Iran or go to China despite the sanctions. China, the world’s biggest buyer of Iranian oil, this week formally complained to the United States over its unilateral Iran sanctions. Although most analysts expect some Iranian oil to keep flowing, they expect markets to remain tight amid little spare capacity and the high geopolitical tension. “The oil market remains tight … (and) oil prices will rise,” FGE chairman Fereidun Fesharaki said on Friday in a note, adding that ”$80 to $100 per barrel oil is around the corner.” This entry was tagged brent crude futures, Iran, oil prices, U.S. West Texas Intermediate, Venezuela. Bookmark the permalink. Oil dips on soaring US supply, but Iran sanctions still support crude Brent crude futures were at $74.53 per barrel at 0241 GMT, down 4 cents from their last close. Rusted out “pump-jacks” in the oil town of Luling, Texas. Oil prices dipped on Thursday as record U.S. output and rising crude stockpiles dampened the impact on markets of tighter U.S. sanctions on Iran and producer club OPEC’s continued curbs on supply. Crude futures rose to 2019 highs earlier in the week after the United States said on Monday it would end all exemptions for sanctions against Iran, demanding countries halt oil imports from Tehran from May or face punitive action from Washington. “Following the U.S. decision to toughen its sanctions on Iran … we have revised up our end-year forecast for Brent crude from $50 to $60 per barrel,” analysts at Capital Economics said in a note. U.S. sanctions against Iran have denied its government more than $10 billion in oil revenue since President Donald Trump first announced the move last May, a U.S. official said on Thursday during a media call. “Before sanctions…Iran generated as much as $50 billion annually in oil revenue. We estimate that our sanctions have already denied the regime more than $10 billion since May (2018),” said Brian Hook, U.S. Special Representative for Iran and Senior Policy Advisor to the Secretary of State. The U.S. decision try and bring down Iran oil exports to zero comes amid supply cuts led by producer Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) since the start of the year aimed at propping up prices. As a result, Brent crude oil prices have risen by almost 40 percent since January. Despite this, Capital Economics said “we still expect oil prices to fall this year as sluggish global growth weighs on oil demand, U.S. shale output grows strongly and investor aversion to risk assets like commodities increases.” In Asia, South Korea’s economy unexpectedly shrank in the first quarter, the Bank of Korea said on Thursday, marking its worst performance since the global financial crisis. On the supply side, U.S. crude oil production has risen by more than 2 million barrels per day (bpd) since early 2018 to a record of 12.2 million bpd currently, making the United States the world’s biggest oil producer ahead of Russia and Saudi Arabia. In part because of soaring domestic production, U.S. commercial crude oil inventories last week hit a October 2017 high of 460.63 million barrels, the Energy Information Administration said on Wednesday. That was a rise of 1.3 million barrels. This entry was tagged brent crude futures, Iran, oil prices, OPEC, U.S. West Texas Intermediate. Bookmark the permalink. Oil eases as supplies adequate for now, despite Iran sanctions A worker walks atop a tanker wagon to check the freight level at an oil terminal on the outskirts of Kolkata. Rupak De Chowdhuri \| Reuters Oil prices fell on Wednesday amid signs that global markets remain adequately supplied despite a jump to 2019 highs this week on Washington’s push for tighter sanctions against Iran. Crude oil prices for spot delivery rose to 2019 highs earlier in the week after the United States said on Monday it would end all exemptions for sanctions against Iran, demanding countries halt oil imports from Tehran from May or face punitive action from Washington. The spot price surge has put the Brent forward curve into steep backwardation, in which prices for later delivery are cheaper than for prompt dispatch. Stephen Schork of the Schork Report energy newsletter, said the shift to backwardation in the past four months was “a sign that the market’s underlying fundamentals have shifted away from a spot market that is well supplied to a market where demand is beginning to overtake supply.” U.S. sanctions against oil exporter Iran were introduced in November 2018, but Washington allowed its largest buyers limited imports of crude for another half-year as an adjustment period. With Iranian oil exports likely declining sharply from May as most countries bow to U.S. pressure, global crude markets are expected to tighten in the short-run, Goldman Sachs and Barclays bank said this week. Despite the tight spot market, analysts said global oil markets remained adequately supplied thanks to ample spare capacity from the Middle Eastdominated Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), Russiaand also the United States. The International Energy Agency (IEA), a watchdog for oil consuming countries, said in a statement on Tuesday that markets are “adequately supplied” and that “global spare production capacity remains at comfortable levels.” The biggest source of new oil supply comes from the United States, where crude oil production has already risen by more than 2 million barrels per day (bpd) since early 2018 to a record of more than 12 million bpd early this year, making America the world’s biggest oil producer ahead of Russia and Saudi Arabia. “Total oil supplies from the United States are expected to grow by 1.6 million bpd this year,” the IEA said. Commercial inventories in the United States are also high. U.S. crude oil inventories rose by 6.9 million barrels in the week to April 19 to 459.6 million, data from industry group the American Petroleum Institute showed on Tuesday.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1022
__label__wiki	0.716144	0.716144	Echelon is a community of diverse young adults collectively rising up to serve The Salvation Army through fellowship and networking, donations and fundraising, and service and volunteering. This group was founded in 2011 in Grand Rapids as The Action Group. In 2017 we have transitioned to become a part of the National Salvation Army Young Adult Auxiliary, Echelon. Check back for fall events! Echelon seeks to mobilize the next generation for The Salvation Army by providing opportunities for young adults to engage with the organization through networking, donations and fundraising, and service and volunteering. As young adults, not everyone has the capacity to make large donations to The Salvation Army. What young professionals CAN do is share their skills, passion and talent to make a difference. Young adults are motivated to serve a cause they are passionate about – Echelon Grand Rapids is passionate about the work of The Salvation Army in Grand Rapids. We support the continued work of The Salvation Army of Kent County to rebuild the lives of men, women, children and families around us, in the name of Christ. DONATIONS AND FUNDRAISING Echelon supports the work of The Salvation Army of Kent County. Events are scheduled throughout the year to raise money or collect items for various causes or initiatives. Members work together to identify the causes or efforts they wish to support or pursue, the avenue by which it plans to generate that support (and any associated planning, logistics, and resource coordination), and are responsible for execution of that event or activity. Through Echelon, young professionals can not only meet new people and make new friends; they can also do it for a cause. We bring together a group of like-minded young professionals wanting to affect change. Through Echelon, members also gain access to key Salvation Army leadership and can gain recognition for their activities and successes. Community leaders, executives, and a number of influential people work closely with The Salvation Army and Echelon on a regular basis, so Echelon provides opportunities to build powerful and lasting relationships. SERVICE AND VOLUNTEERING Echelon is a group of enthusiastic young professionals who are driven by “Doing The Most Good” for those “most in need”. The Salvation Army pursues its mission 365 days a year and serves the entire community through a number of services, so there are ample opportunities to address needs in the community, improve people’s lives, and influence change. We work alongside officers, employees and volunteers for The Salvation Army to serve our community and those in need. Join Echelon Membership is open year-round and renewed on an annual basis. Membership types include individual and couple. Annual dues are $25 and $40, respectively. New member dues may be paid by check or credit card. JOIN ECHELON NOW If you are interested in volunteering for an event or learning more about Echelon, please contact: echelongr@usc.salvationarmy.org Western Michigan Northern Indiana Division 1215 Fulton Street E Echelon Grand Rapids Executive Board Steve Sower, Echelon President Shawn Beene, Echelon Membership Co-Chair Lisa Funk, Echelon Communications Chair The Salvation Army of Kent County Treena Gilbert, Echelon Secretary The Salvation Army Western Michigan Northern Indiana Division Lauren Hagerman-Tekelly, Echelon Service Chair Heather Hammond, Corporate Relations Chair Mill Steel Corporation Elizabeth Kingston, Echelon Events Co-Chair Michigan Court of Appeals: Research Division Derrick King, Echelon Public Relations Chair Joe Tekelly, Echelon Social Media Chair Dynamic Capturing Service Co-Chair Membership Co-Chair Fundraising Chair Co-Chaplains (2) Co-Treasurers (2) Events Co-Chair Let us know if you’d like more information! We’d love to hear from you. The Salvation Army Kent County Salvation Army 1215 E. Fulton St., GRAND RAPIDS, Michigan 49503 \| 1-800-SAL-ARMY \| Privacy Policy \| © The Salvation Army Central Territory	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1031
__label__wiki	0.520395	0.520395	ULTRA MEDIA & ENTERTAINMENT PRIVATE LIMITED JALPARI - "THE DESERT MERMAID" By Nila Madhab PANDA ULTRA MEDIA & ENTERTAINMENT PRIVATE LIMITED - as PROD Children's - Completed 2012 Where would you be if your mother was not allowed to be born? Children's, Family, Bollywood ENGLISH, HINDI 1 - 3 M$ Nila Madhab PANDA Deepak VENKATESHAN Lehar KHAN, Parvin DABAS, Tannishtha CHATTERJEE, Suhasini MULAY, Krishang TRIVEDI, Harsh MAYAR, V N BADOLA, Rahul SINGH Sushilkumar AGRAWAL (Ultra Distributors Pvt. Ltd.) A well-heeled family from the tiny neighborhood of New Delhi travels from the city through dusty roads that lead into the village in Haryana, far out and buried in the debris of the past. Shreya, the tomboy of the family, finally arrives at her father's village for the first time during her vacations, that too after coaxing her father, Dev, to the best of her abilities. She and her brother, Sam, had, in their imagination, spun the villages right out of a fairytale, replete with streams, lakes and grasslands that will allow them to run free. but all they find are dusty alleys, dried up ponds and hostile playmates until they spin their magic and befriend this unknown place, especially some of its people, like the Pehelwan and the gang of kids led by Ajithe. The story revolves around Shreya and Sam's adventures and misadventures which turn this dull place bereft of water and women into a a land of enhancement, mischief and a million exciting exploits. But unknown place have many secrets, and here too, secret lurk at every corner. Strangely behaving villagers, a witch whom everyone seems to be terrified of, and a no-access zone beyond the hills intrigue Shreya, more so after housemaid Shabri tells her various mysterious stories about the village. Then one night, Shreya sees Shabri and her husband Trilochan slink away, and stars following them only to find out a horrifying secret the village harbors. @Berlin EFM 2012 @Cannes 2012 (Premiere) @Cannes 2013	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1035
__label__wiki	0.746821	0.746821	MusicNOW wraps season with varied lineup of hits and misses Wed Jun 10, 2009 at 10:56 am There’s something bizarre and rather alien about headset-wearing ushers traversing the aisles at a program of contemporary music while gravely and silently holding aloft water bottles for sale. Perhaps the thought is that the music would prove so daunting and arid that audience members would be in desperate need of hydration. Such was not the case Monday night at the season-closing concert of MusicNOW at the Harris Theater. In fact, if anything many of the works performed by CSO members and guest artists seemed to make a point of being accessible and user-friendly, though not with equally successful results. The Chicago Symphony Orchestra’s Mead composers-in-residence, Osvaldo Golijov and Mark-Anthony Turnage made an amiable duo of interlocutors, introducing their works and those of other composers. The evening led off with Golijov’s Mariel for cello and marimba. Composed in memory of a friend who died in an accident, the work is characteristic of the Argentinian composer, cast in a long, winding soulful meditation for cello. Brant Taylor and percussionist Cynthia Yeh brought elegance, a widely terraced array of hues and dynamics, and the right dark, valedictory expression to this heartfelt music. Turnage’s Out of Black Dust was presented in its American premiere. Commissioned by MusicNow, the work is scored for ten brass players (some doubling on percussion), and was conducted by Fulcrum Point’s Stephen Burns. The music was inspired, says Turnage, by the music of Led Zeppelin and, more directly, the composer’s friendship with the band’s bassist John Paul Jones and his wife. Out of Black Dust reflects Turnage’s populist style, yet there is a sense here of the composer rather mechanically going through the rock-vamp motions. The music is well crafted in its spread among ten players, but too unvaried with little of the fluency and edge of Turnage’s Scorched heard last month, much less any suggestion of Zeppelin’s screaming heavy-metal fury. While played with customary polish and gleaming brilliance by the CSO brass, a greater sense of swing and less metrical rhythms may have made a stronger impression. Another MusicNOW commission, Self Destruct by laptop composer Jeremy Flower was given its world premiere. Scored for viola, two cellos, piano, marimba and laptop, Flower’s work was inspired by the composer’s feeling of being “stressed out.” With that impetus, and the electrocoustic possibilities, one expected something audacious, but even with the laptop gadgetry, there’s nothing in Flower’s conservative music to frighten the horses. After a slow introduction, the music largely consists of a sugary melody repeated in various guises against a varied counterpoint of electronics, piano, percussion and strings. The music was well performed by all, violist Li-Kuo Chang in particular, but Flower’s composition is thin to the point of ephemera, sounding less like concert music than Windham Hill aural wallpaper. By far, the most intriguing work on the program, as well as the oddest, was Three Roads by Michael Ward-Bergeman. The composer sets three vocal texts having to do with the road by Dante, Robert Frost and Whitman, which are vocalized by singer-violinist Christina Courtin and backed by six musicians, including Ward-Bergeman on his amplified “hyper-accordion.” About halfway through the work Courtin stops singing and starts to take apart her violin, systematically destroying the instrument until she has broken it into small pieces, an act as unexpected as it seems completely disassociated from the texts. That lame bit of retro-1960s silliness apart, Three Roads showed Ward-Bergeman to be an intriguing and individual compositional voice. The poetic stanzas are not cast as songs, but more explorations of the texts’ rhythmic and sonic expressive possibilities. Courtin’s slender untrained voice has a certain artless appeal though she was painfully stretched in the high register by Ward-Bergeman’s writing. Most striking was the composer’s keen ear for unusual timbral colors, as he skillfully mixes piano, flute and alto flute, double bass, laptop and dombro, Ward-Bergeman’s own souped-up accordion contributing a nicely evocative Left Bank café feel as well.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1041
__label__cc	0.698661	0.301339	Kanon – Makoto’s Arc – Final Impressions She started as a fox... and... yeah. Makoto’s arc was one of those arcs that I couldn’t watch in one sitting. The drama was so tense that I skipped her arc during my first time of watching the Kanon remake. Its not until the middle of July that I finished her arc off. After I wrote the whole review on the Kanon Anime, I decided to continue with the visual novel and finish Makoto’s arc. The feeling of the visual novel arc was just as emotional as the Anime adaption, but it was more spread out instead. For those who watched the Anime, there was hardly any content that was left out so you don’t have to worry about spoilers. [Read more…] about Kanon – Makoto’s Arc – Final Impressions Filed Under: Kanon, Reviews Tagged With: final impressions, key, moe, opinion, tsundere, visual novel Angel Beats Original Soundtrack – Final Thoughts Since zzeroparticle and ETERNAL reviewed the Original Soundtrack very nicely, I don’t feel the need to review the whole soundtrack over again. However, I do feel that I need to share my overall “too long, don’t read” thoughts about the whole soundtrack because it sounded so good. I do have to admit, even though the plot of Angel Beats and Girl’s Dead Monster’s songs are a big mess, the Angel Beats Orginal Soundtrack does not disappoint. The big surprise that everyone doesn’t seem to notice is that the synth songs. Although they have the Jun Maeda style, they are actually composed and performed by a synth group called “ANANT-GARDE EYES.” Most of these synth songs primarily sound like video game music, primarily music from role playing games like Final Fantasy for example. The video game style music fits pretty well with the overall setting of Angel Beats since it’s a virtual reality purgitory afterall. From the whole soundtrack, my heart, my most precious treasure, kanade, Ichiban no Takaramono (Orig. Version) and theme of SSS stands out the most. I will pretty much discuss the mentioned songs on why they sound better than the other songs in the soundtrack and my overall thoughts about the soundtrack as a whole. [Read more…] about Angel Beats Original Soundtrack – Final Thoughts Filed Under: Angel Beats!, Reviews Tagged With: ANANT-GARDE EYES, editorial, Jun Maeda, key, music, opinion, OST Amagami SS – Haruka “Lovely” Morishima Arc Final Impressions July 25, 2010 by chikorita157 7 Comments It looks like they are going to have a good family... As Haruka’s arc begins, we saw a few good scenes that came out of the arc. The excitement happened as a result of Haruka having an enthusiastic personality. Does our male lead, Junchi reaches his goal of finally getting a lover on Christmas Eve? We will find out soon enough. [Read more…] about Amagami SS – Haruka “Lovely” Morishima Arc Final Impressions Filed Under: Amagami SS, Reviews Tagged With: AIC, comedy, drama, final impressions, opinion Kanon (2006 Remake) – Final Review Well, it's not hard to like the girls of Kanon... Kanon, released on June 4, 1999 was a visual novel that changed the bishoujo game industry forever. It featured deep melodramatic story lines for each girl that gave a sense of sympathy and sadness (along with the optional eroge scenes). The one that was behind this masterpiece is Key/VisualArts. They continued to create other masterpieces like Air and Clannad that released several years later. [Read more…] about Kanon (2006 Remake) – Final Review Tagged With: drama, final impressions, key, kyoani, moe, opinion, review Angel Beats! – Final Review Angel Beats is a very odd Anime. It’s a anime original that was hyped not only because Key was producing it, but PA Works who worked on “True Tears” and “Canaan” was going to animate the show. What we got is the Tsundere of Anime with inconsistent storyline and out of place drama and comedy. Even though I enjoyed Angel Beats, it felt like an experiment. [Read more…] about Angel Beats! – Final Review Tagged With: final impressions, key, PA Works Clannad – Kotomi’s Arc – Final Impressions July 8, 2010 by chikorita157 1 Comment Watch out for her violin playing! Its nasty... Since I still have a shortage of quality subs and I have watched Kotomi’s arc over again in the first season, why not finish her arc in the Visual Novel? The anime adaptation of Kotomi’s Arc is done the same way Mai’s arc was done in the Kanon (2006 remake) Anime. However, there was a few differences in the visual novel material, so I will explain them along with my overall thoughts. (Contain VN spoilers) [Read more…] about Clannad – Kotomi’s Arc – Final Impressions Filed Under: Clannad, Reviews Tagged With: drama, final impressions, key, opinion, visual novel Working!! Final Review June 30, 2010 by chikorita157 6 Comments When I watched the first few episodes of Working, it felt like it was going to be a typical slapstick comedy anime. Not to mention, the running gag of Inami punching men was getting out of hand that I complained about it. However, that pretty much changed when we got to the more interesting and entertaining parts with Souta’s sisters, Yamada who now lives at the restaurant and Souta crossdressing to save Inami from her father. [Read more…] about Working!! Final Review Filed Under: Reviews, Working!! Tagged With: A1 Pictures, comedy, final impressions, moe, review WordPress 3.0 and What it means for Anime Blogs? June 16, 2010 by chikorita157 1 Comment Wordpress 3.0, tastes just as good as vanilla ice cream! WordPress 3.0 is the next big installment of the popular WordPress blogging platform used by the majority of Anime Bloggers. Automattic, the maker of the WordPress have been working on 3.0 since the early of this year and there had been some Beta and Release Candidate builds. Currently, they are very close to releasing WordPress 3.0, which brings a new array of features to bloggers. I will discuss some of these features that could be useful to the Anime blogger. This only applies if you have a self-hosted WordPress, not blogs hosted on WordPress.com [Read more…] about WordPress 3.0 and What it means for Anime Blogs? Filed Under: Editorials, Reviews Tagged With: opinion, review, wordpress Pocket Monsters – Giratina and the Sky’s Bouquet Shaymin Movie Review This Pokemon was eating mah Pancakes!!! Grrrrr! It’s been nearly three years since I last touched the Pokemon Anime and a lot have changed. However, I don’t intend to go back to watching Pokemon since I want to spend time watching good Anime. I felt that the Pokemon Anime was going into the pool of mediocrity because it took them several years to have the show in wide screen and there is so many filler episodes… It’s just as bad as the worst offender of filler episode, which I will not name. I have been holding off this review since I was busy on other things like college and working on programming projects that I completely forgot about it. Since I have the time, I will review it in my view after watching several good (and bad) Anime. [Read more…] about Pocket Monsters – Giratina and the Sky’s Bouquet Shaymin Movie Review Filed Under: Movies, Reviews Tagged With: final impressions, pokemon Review: Little Braver Single June 7, 2010 by chikorita157 10 Comments Album Title: Little Braver Artist: Girls Dead Monster (Singer: LiSA) Catalog Number: KSLA-0055 Little Braver Shine Days Answer Song If you haven’t heard enough of the rather mediocre music from Girls Dead Monster, there is more! A few weeks back, there was a promotional video on Little Braver, but I didn’t take a look at it because I don’t want to go and spoil it. Several weeks later, the single is released. Have LiSA improved her rather mediocre and rather forgetful performance of the “Thousand Enemies” single? It’s only slightly better, but I am still not convinced if it’s good enough. LiSA seems to sound good on the lower notes, but she still goes slightly out of tune in some areas. Not as bad as Thousand Enemies, but that is saying too much about it. The songs are still pretty forgettable and made me wish that they had better singers singing these songs… Little Braver is the song that was shown in the promotional video. It starts off with a calm intro and when LiSA enters. This is where the good composition gets drown out by the mediocre vocals. It does sound slightly better than Thousand Enemies, but it’s slowly goes downhill from there. The songs feel pretty dull and the higher pitches like with the previous album sounds slightly ever out of tune. Not only that, Little Braver is pretty forgettable several minutes after. Little Braver is an okay song, but it doesn’t try to go beyond the mediocrity of Girls Dead Monster. The intro of Shine Days sounds pretty well like the intro to Alchemy and it’s a pretty upbeat song. This is probably the best song out of the whole single, but it’s hardly perfect. It still have several flaws like the slightly out of tune pitches on the higher octaves and it’s slightly dull. It’s an okay song, but still forgettable like the rest of the songs LiSA has sung. It’s worth mentioning that at 4:30, her vocals are barely audible… Lastly, we have Answer Song, which is probably the most disappointing song out of the whole album. The performance of the song felt a bit messy and somewhat dull. I don’t feel any energy in this song, except mediocre singing that could put me to sleep. Probably the worst song I heard from LiSA. I don’t know what they are getting at by not letting the seiyuu sing! I’m pretty sure Eri Kitamura and Miyuki Sawashiro are fully capable of singing, but no! Lets pick two amateur singers that doesn’t necessarily represent Japanese Indie scene and fuck up all 9 songs! Thats how I feel about the whole Girls Dead Monster thing and it’s a big disgrace. Jun Maeda does a wonderful job in composing these songs and these singers go out and ruin the work he worked hard for. It’s just like making a good game with good game play, story and graphics and the orchestra go and fuck the music up. Like I mentioned in my rant in the last paragraph of my Pure Pure Heart single review, they choose singers that can’t sing properly and resulted in the mediocre and disappointing performance of these songs. Girls Dead Monster will never reach the appeal of Houkago Tea Time because their songs continue to have flaws with the vocals, which make them rather forgettable. Houkago Tea Time is simply more polished, sounds better and the vocals don’t go out of tune so many times that it makes me cringe. Not only that, there is more Girls Dead Monster singles that is coming out and what can you expect out of them after hearing the first 9 songs? More disappointment. They are making a mockery out of Girls Dead Monster and milking it what its worth from the hype. Believe me, My Soul, Your Beats!/Brave Song sounds like heaven compared to the mediocrity of all the Girls Dead Monsters songs combined. 7.0/10 ¶ Tagged With: final impressions, key, more disappointment, music, opinion, review, strawberry sundaes	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1043
__label__wiki	0.824593	0.824593	Ringo Starr Announces 2020 North American Tour Scott Robert Ritchie Ringo Starr is ready to go back out on the road with his All-Starr Band. They'll play 20 shows in 15 cities next year. The group will stick to the East Coast for this leg of the tour, which begins on May 29 with two shows at the Casino Rama in Rama, Ontario -- the only non-U.S. dates on the tour -- and concludes on June 28 at the Ruth Eckerd Hall in Clearwater, Fla. Opening for three dates (July 9-11) will be the Americana group the Avett Brothers; former All-Starr Band member Edgar Winter will open the June 26 and June 28 shows. You can see all the dates below and get full ticketing information at Starr's website. Starr is touring with the same lineup he's used since 2017 that includes Toto guitarist Steve Lukather, former Santana and Journey keyboardist and singer Gregg Rolie, Colin Hay (from Men at Work), Warren Ham, Gregg Bissonette and Hamish Stuart. The former Beatles drummer just released his 20th solo album, What's My Name, last month. The record contains a cover of John Lennon's "Grow Old With Me" that includes Paul McCartney on bass and a string part arranged by producer Jack Douglas that references George Harrison's Beatles classic "Here Comes the Sun." Ringo Starr and His All Starr Band Spring 2020 Tour May 29 -- Casino Rama, Rama, Ontario June 2 -- Beacon Theater, New York, NY June 9 -- Cross Insurance Center, Bangor, ME June 10 -- Boch Center Wang Theatre, Boston, MA June 11 -- Bank of NH Pavilion, Gilford, NH June 13 -- Providence Performing Arts Center, Providence, RI June 14 -- Paramount Theatre, Asbury Park, NJ June 16 -- Modell Lyric Theatre, Baltimore, MD June 19 -- Tanglewood, Lenox, MA June 20 -- PPG Paints Arena, Pittsburgh, PA June 21 -- Metropolitan Opera House, Philadelphia, PA June 23 -- Cobb Energy Centre, Atlanta, GA June 26 -- St Augustine Amphitheatre, St Augustine, FL June 27 -- Hard Rock Casino, Hollywood, FL June 28 -- Ruth Eckerd Hall, Clearwater, FL Ringo Starr's 10 Most Historic Moments Next: Ranking Every Beatles Solo Album Source: Ringo Starr Announces 2020 North American Tour Filed Under: Ringo Starr Categories: Concerts, Music News	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1055
__label__wiki	0.625452	0.625452	Heating degree days (3) Sea temperature (2) Snow depth (4) Wind chill (2) Alberta Weather Forecast (Opens in a new Window) The Alberta Weather Forecast contains weekly forecasts of temperature, humidity, dew point, wind, pressure, air quality, radiation, and visibility for various regions across Alberta. Data is available on-line in tabular format. BC Station Data (Opens in a new Window) The BC Station Data page provides access to historical observations of weather and climate variables from across British Columbia. Locations of stations are shown on an interactive map which enables users to zoom and pan to a region of interest, learn about the stations that are located in the region, filter the displayed stations based on date, variable, observing agency, region and more. In addition to observations, station metadata that describes station location, available variables, observing agency and other basic information can be downloaded into formats that include NetCDF, CSV/ASCII, ArcGIS Shapefile, or a variety of other formats. Current and Historical Weather Conditions Map for Alberta (Opens in a new Window) The Current and Historical Weather Conditions Map for Alberta contains an interactive display of temperature, dew point, wind speed, humidity, and radiation observed at various stations across Alberta in real time. Users can filter by location/region and date. Data is available in hourly, daily, monthly and yearly resolutions. Data is presented in mapped form only. Historical Data (Opens in a new Window) The Meteorological Service of Canada (MSC)'s Historical Data contains historical temperature, precipitation, wind and weather, measured daily and hourly by stations across the country. Data can be searched by station name, province, or proximity to user. Data are presented in tabular format and available for download as comma-separated-value formats. Meteorological Data (Opens in a new Window) Meteorological Data contains historical observations of weather, rainfall, solar radiation, monthly temperature, and dry bulb temperature. These hourly data are derived from daily or monthly files within the Meteorological Service of Canada's Historical Dataset. Data are available from 1992 onwards in tabular format. Weather Conditions and Reports (Opens in a new Window) The Weather Conditions and Reports database contains historical climate data at various scales from across Manitoba. About 109 stations monitor air temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, wind speed/wind direction and soil temperature. In addition to regular weather and soil reports, users can access more specialized tools, including disease and crop condition reports. Data are available in tabular, mapped, and report formats.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1058
__label__wiki	0.858297	0.858297	Red Cross/ Red Crescent Climate Centre An IFRC resource Our mission and approach Programmes & engagement Programmes & engagement Partners for Resilience II Forecast-based financing BRACED Humanitarian diplomacy Development and Climate Days National Adaptation Plans Future Climate for Africa Community resilience in Ethiopia Working with CDKN in Asia Climate information & forecasts Climate information & forecasts IFRC/IRI map room Forecasts and notifications El Niño/La Niña Science and the IPCC IFRC news Resources & games Resources & games What is climate-smart programming? The Climate Training Kit The Climate Crab resources Y-Adapt Publications Publications The Climate Guide Climate Training Kit IFRC publications Working papers & briefs World leaders combine to catalyse climate adaptation 17/10/2018 - by the Climate Centre A new Global Commission on Adaptation has been formally launched at an event in The Hague by world leaders gathered at the invitation of the Netherlands to catalyse an international movement “to bring scale and speed to climate adaptation solutions,” the Global Center on Adaptation (GCA) said in a press release. Led by former UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, World Bank CEO Kristalina Georgieva, and Bill Gates, co-chair of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the commission comprises 17 convening countries and 28 commissioners, including IFRC Secretary General Elhadj As Sy (photo, top left). “Succeed we must, because adaptation isn’t a choice, it’s a necessity,” said Dutch Prime Minister Mark Rutte, concluding his introduction to the two-day event in The Hague, which ended today. The Commission will “elevate the visibility and political importance of climate adaptation and encourage bold solutions like smarter investments, new technologies and better planning to become more resilient to climate-related threats,” the GCA release added. The major international move on adaptation, it said, followed “one of the deadliest summers of climate-related weather disasters affecting countries all over the world”. Mr Ban told the gathering of world leaders that the “costs of adapting are less than the cost of doing business as usual, and the benefits many times larger”. For Ms Georgieva: “We face a choice: business as usual and hope for the best, or we act now and build for a resilient future.” Mr Sy said in an IFRC press release yesterday: “Shocks and hazards don’t have to become natural disasters if we give early warning and take early action: saving lives, preserving livelihoods, promoting ways of life that adapt to changing circumstances. We in the IFRC commit to helping the world accelerate adaptation.” The GCA has identified what it says are four “major roadblocks” slowing adaptation that it will try to address: lack of awareness of the opportunities from becoming more resilient, climate risks missing from social and economic development planning, insufficient focus on the vulnerable, and – to date at least – a lack of global leadership. The commission, which will prepare a flagship report for the 2019 UN Climate Summit, will work in the areas of food security, rural livelihoods, global supply-chains, cities, infrastructure, finance, social protection and natural solutions. ‘Succeed we must, because adaptation isn’t a choice, it’s a necessity’ It hopes to “demonstrate that adapting to climate change is not only essential but also an opportunity to change the way our societies plan and invest,” said the GCA’s chief executive, Patrick Verkooijen. “It will provide the road map for what new actions are needed and what must be done differently to secure more sustainable economic development and security for all.” The argument of one new commissioner was seen as chiming with key messages from the Red Cross Red Crescent and Partners for Resilience (PfR) in particular: Philippine Senator Loren Legarda – who chairs senate finance, foreign relations and climate committees – said she and her colleagues try to make sure reducing risk is mainstreamed into the national budget. She believed “the commission must guide nations into believing that it makes good socio-economic sense to mainstream adaptation and resilience into national budget processes.” Advocacy should also translate into “into urgent, local climate action” and, thirdly, “we must make sure that there is a convergence of governments’ best practices, public-private sector partnerships, academia and science to work for the most vulnerable and the poorest populations in the world”. Supporting Elhadj As Sy’s call for more attention to humanitarian issues and especially the rising risk of extreme-weather events, which now account for more than half the IFRC’s emergency operations, Climate Centre Director Maarten van Aalst offered the Climate Centre’s help to the commission as a research partner on the new report. With the benefit of its experience in working to build the resilience of vulnerable communities through programmes like PfR, forecast-based financing and BRACED, the Climate Centre would “assist with high-quality analysis to help shape implementation and action”, he said at a formal stakeholder dialogue today. In partnership with the International Institute for Environment and Development, for example, it would also invite the commission to well-established platforms such as Development and Climate Days alongside the annual COP meetings to “consult widely and hear voices of the people and countries most affected by the rising risks”. The launch event took place in The Hague’s historic Ridderzaal, the Hall of Knights, which hosts the state opening of the Dutch parliament. The convening countries of the Global Commission on Adaptation are Argentina, Bangladesh, Canada, China, Costa Rica, Denmark, Ethiopia, Germany, Grenada, India, Indonesia, the Marshall Islands, Mexico, the Netherlands, Senegal, South Africa and the UK. Group photo on Tuesday, the first day of the launch event for new Global Commission on Adaptation at the Ridderzaal. Dutch Prime Minister Mark Rutte stands next to former UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon in the front row. The IFRC’s Elhadj As Sy is at top left. (Photo: GCA) @RCClimate ClimateCentre.org © 2020 Blue Chili Creative	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1059
__label__cc	0.734995	0.265005	You are here : Home > Media > Studies and Reports > 2018 Sodexo University Trends Report The demographics, needs, expectations and behaviors of university students are changing, and along with them the campus environment. We worked with the Sodexo Institute for Quality of Life and a global panel of higher-education experts to identify and understand five key trends shaping the future of the student experience, and how universities are evolving in response. At Sodexo, we partner with more 700 universities across the globe and we are constantly educating ourselves about key trends in student demographics, behaviors and needs. Our goal is to expand and adapt our services to meet students’ needs and more effectively help universities plan for the future. 1. Beyond Academics - Preparing students to thrive in a complex world Across the world, rapidly changing economic, political, social, technological, cultural and environmental forces are reshaping young people’s daily lives and their futures. “Preparing students” takes on an hugely expanded mandate beyond academic education. It includes extracurricular programs and personal growth experiences that support students’ mental well-being and help them develop their outlook on global issues to prepare them to address an ever-evolving landscape. View the Report 2. First and Foremost - Engaging the growing number of first-generation students The world’s middle class is expanding, and with it a new generation of university students is emerging. As the number of first-generation university students grows, universities are working to recognize, engage and provide support for them. The benefits reach far beyond a single student subset to the entire campus, extended families and the students’ communities. 3. Connected, Enabled and Personalized - How technology can enhance student experiences Many undergraduate university students today are digital natives: they expect easy access across a breadth of digital platforms to enhance their everyday experiences at university. From recruitment to daily student life and post-graduation interactions, technology is becoming an increasingly important factor in student engagement. 4. A Fundamental Shift - The next evolution of brick-and-mortar universities Global student population expansion, technological progress and student mobility are changing the way students see – and experience – the physical university campus. In response to these shifts, universities are offering blended learning models, more collaborative spaces and customized learning journeys to engage and connect students with each other, the campus and surrounding communities. 5. Lifelong Learning - Adapting and evolving to accommodate a multi-generational student body As technology drives changes in the workplace, education is shifting from the traditional ‘one-and-done’ model serving a small slice of the young adult population to a broader audience over the lifecourse. This group includes older adults looking to improve and expand their skill sets to keep up, keep working and continue learning. Universities are exploring how to connect, provide for and inspire remote learners, working adults and returning students. Trends at a glance	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1061
__label__cc	0.672744	0.327256	Paco Llopís and his wife Juana, Utopick founders have a remarkable story. Paco was born to a family of celebrated Valencian pâtissiers and first came across chocolate as a medium for extraordinary sculptures. Paco and Juana both studied photography at University, but the pull of chocolate continued to press on them – and so they founded Utopick in late 2015/6. From their creative hub in Valencia, Utopick is all about quality, ethics and continual surprises. The name Utopick is a play on Utopia – and their aim is to create a utopia for farmers and customers in creating bars which support local farmers over the long term and continually delight customers with novel textures and tastes. Paco was born into a family of patissiers in Alzira ,Valencia . By living above, and eventually working, in the kitchen’s of the family business Paco was constantly immersed in culinary experimentation and inspiration. Journeys to Paris to look at shop windows were a constant in his childhood so that the family could continue to learn and seek inspiration together. Paco holds a master’s degree in photography, and it was whilst studying photography at university that he met his wife, Juana. They embarked upon a project making Easter eggs together which told dramatic stories, and this eventually inspired a journey all the way to Colombia where they observed a cacao harvest for the first time. It was here that he had his craft chocolate epiphany: when asked if he made chocolate himself, he realised that he knew how to fashion chocolate confectionary from couverture, but that he did not know how to make the chocolate itself. Creativity courses through Paco’s veins; always profoundly absorbed in the world of art, it was the moment in which he discovered the sculptural qualities of chocolate that he knew that he had found his medium for self-expression. And then when he added to this the delights of crafting chocolate himself, he new he had found his medium for creative expression. The initial fruits of Utopick’s sourcing labours are famous in the world of craft chocolate. From the very start, Pablo has enjoyed and survived extraordinary challenges. Collecting his initial 250kg shipment of cacao direct from Colombia in his Citroën, local customs agents were sufficiently bemused to stop and question what was in his six large hemp sacks. But he persevered and crafted his first beans Paco partners with Uncommon Cacao to source his beans. Uncommon Cacao link small holder cacao farmers to specialty chocolate producers, and are ardent advocates of the transparent trading values that Utopick champions. Transparency and fairness in the supply chain are of central importance to Paco, who seeks to ensure that all of his partners in the future are held to these standards too. Uncommon Cacao not only undertake quality control, but also monitor the fermentation and drying, so you can taste the quality and true expression of the beans in Utopick’s bars Provenance is particularly exciting when it comes to Utopick’s creations. Today, Paco sources beans for his chocolate bars from a range of different countries, including Venezuela, Madagascar, Peru, Ecuador and Guatemala. For his Lachuá 70% bar, the beans are sourced from the pristine paradise of lake Lachuá in northern Guatemala, where the vibrant azures match the unparalleled intensity of flavour in the chocolate it helps to produce. The tropical rainforests located in the natural park that surrounds this cenote lake Lachuá are extraordinarily fruitful, with abundant harvests of fragrant cardamom and coffee. When it comes to the cacao, there is a particularly rich range of varietals, with trinitario, amelonado, forastero and some nacional beans selected for this bar. In line with Utopick’s values, the Q’eqchi Maya families that live in the region cultivate cacao beans using “direct trade”, which secures prices for the cacao for producers that are even higher than Fair Trade, whilst ensuring responsibility and accountability at every stage of production. An ingenious craftsman and lifelong perfectionist, Paco’s self declared objective is to craft both the best quality and most surprising chocolates that he can make, creating a truly Utopian chocolate. He aims to bring within everyone’s reach, “an extraordinary product, from the packaging right down to the last ingredient.” Indeed, his foray into the world of single origin chocolate and innovative inclusions line leave a lasting impression. Paco’s are designed to “bring love at first sight”. The packaging was designed by the local Valencia design agency of Lavernia and Cienfuegos. Each bar is enveloped in an origami boat, evoking the spirit adventure at the heart of Utopick, whilst representing the same route employed by Spanish explorers when they returned with cocoa beans during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. These sails are also echoed in the triangles of the mould of the chocolate. The packaging has even been designed to open and close in a way that when you rewrap your bar, the chocolate appears untouched, enabling you to savour the bars over many day, and keeping past delights “under wraps”. We caught up with Paco to find out more about his journey into craft chocolate, and what’s next for Utopick I was born in a patisserie. My parents were the owners of a beautiful patisserie in Alzira, a small-town close to Valencia. They worked very hard, and so that we could continue our voyage of discovery and keep learning, we were always venturing to Paris to look at shop windows. The world of art always fascinated me, and although I graduated with a degree in photography, I had worked in my parents’ kitchens since I was very young. When I discovered that chocolate could be a sculptural medium that could incorporate design, I didn’t look back. I had found a means of expressing myself. When did you start your company, and with whom? How many are there of you? Juana [my wife] and I became a couple whilst we were studying for a master’s degree in photography. We began to design Easter eggs which told stories. Together with her, I travelled to Colombia where I saw a cacao harvest for the first time. During the harvest, they asked me if I made chocolate. I realised that I knew how to make chocolate confectionary and cakes [from couverture] but not chocolate itself. So, I began to explore. We work with chocolate and its aesthetics, with quality and originality our sole intentions. When it comes to cacao, we have a passion for quality cacao cultivated in Colombia, that is almost in our genes- we prefer to with this. We would like to grow a little more, because we have started with a very small budget. Everything is costing us a lot of money, and even now our infrastructure remains insufficient. When we have reached our goal of a workshop that is better equipped, we are going to be the talk of the town! We have many flavours and ideas to try out, but we must also be an economically viable business, and that makes everything a little more difficult. Opening a chocolate shop right at the height of economic crisis in Spain, and in a city like Valencia, all whilst having the objective of crafting our own chocolate was clearly a utopia. But all dreams are utopian before becoming reality. So… here we are… and with a bit of luck we can help the world of cacao to become a little more ethical. A utopia? We’ll see… Who designed your packaging? And what are you most proud of about your packaging? We are very proud of having created a distinctive image for our brand. We wanted to create our own identity that stood out from the rest – this was very challenging. For us, originality is something that is very important. When you see our chocolate bars, there is no doubt that they are from Utopick. The prestigious Valencian studio of Lavernia y Cienfuegos successfully completed a very complicated task here. What inspired your choice of wrapper and mould design? Everything revolves around our logo, a little origami boat. For us, it’s a very poetic image which speaks of utopia. We are constantly experimenting with different combinations of ingredients and techniques in addition to which cacaos to make them with. For us, producing our own chocolates, which are also of high quality, is already a major milestone. We started by importing 250kg of cacao from Colombia. Imagine the face of the customs agents when they saw me arrive with my Citroën to collect six bags of cacao… which in addition came from Colombia…there was more than one elbow nudge whilst they were pointing at me… Given the price of everything, we spent all we had… but the result was a delicious chocolate and a deep satisfaction. Now we are looking for partners who are responsible for imports, if they offer us a transparent trading model, we won’t hesitate. We are supporting this model in which the entire supply chain is published on the internet [in a transparency report] and where we know that we have paid every single actor in the business, from the producers to the importers. What is your favourite food? Wine? Do you have any favourite chocolate makers? I love to enjoy food, which I always choose by the country of origin, be it Italian, Japanese, Vietnamese, Valencian… They say that the only real borders are gastronomic ones. I love to eat well and drink good wine, preferably a Ribera del Duero. I really like a lot of Bean to Bar makers, above all I love to feel like a part of this family. As I’m sure that if I name them they won’t all fit into this response, I am going to name but two: Mayumi Ogata and Cocoa Hunters, which I really love. I have learned this craft practically on my own. I have gone along collecting information and advice from my comrades. I love being a part of this movement, it makes me very happy. The very existence alone of bean to bar chocolate fills me with pride. Most recently, I must confess that the chocolate bar that we have created with a gin and tonic flavour, to me is perfect (and it was complicated to make). Also, the chocolate bar with bread really does bring me joy, and my Spanish clients (where bread with chocolate is a traditional afternoon snack) love it. When it comes to your beans, who farms them? What’s their mission? How long have they been growing cacao (co-op, the farmer, bean supplier)? The beans are from Guatemala, and are grown in the area around lake Lachuá, Uncommon Cacao is in charge of the fermentation and the quality and also sells them all through a transparent trading model. We receive annual reports which they also make public (you can find them online) in which they tell of all of the work being achieved with communities at origin. We love that the price that has been paid to the farmer is visible, in addition to what the intermediary has been paid, and even what price we here are paying. By practicing transparency, there are fewer spaces for the sorts of less ethical management which have plagued cacao production for so long. We are backing transparent trade in our future plans. Our chocolate is 70% cocoa with sugar from organic cane. The texture gives a wonderful melt with a very pleasant mouthfeel. The first thing that comes to your attention is the acidity, which quickly arises through the tannins with a significant presence of flavour of a delicately fruity cacao. Utopick In The Chocolate Library Utopick - Chivite, Guatemala 75% Dark Utopick - Lachuá, Guatemala 70% Dark Utopick - Nugu, Nicaragua 56% Dark Milk Utopick - Sierra Nevada, Colombia 70% Dark Utopick - Tumaco, Colombia 70% Dark Shop Utopick	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1062
__label__wiki	0.653143	0.653143	Thrive Kids Heirborn Worship Nation Who we are, where we come from, and where we're headed as a church family We are a diverse community of believers with a mission to Ignite passion in our city, Empower developed disciples to function in their God-given purpose & transform the 7 Mountains of Society through power evangelism. Family Worship Center was birthed out of revival in 1945 in Mabscott, WV. The church had eleven people in attendance that first Sunday. In May 1948 the church moved to Fitzpatrick Rd. in MacArthur, WV. Our last move was in December 2003 when we moved to our current location on Pinewood Dr. in Beckley WV. We were birthed out of revival and we live to see revival in our family, region and nation. Where we're headed What's the bottom line? More than ever, FWC is committed to fostering an "Apostolic Revival Hub" built around transformation and the gospel of the kingdom. We are developing a culture of honor built on Holy-Spirit, power-based ministry; with Signs, Wonders and Miracles. We are a regional family that governs in prayer, the word, vision and authority. What does this mean for you? You will be a part of a Transformation movement that is focused on Equipping, Fathering, Activating and Sending. Most importantly, you're always welcome at FWC. We're saving a seat for you. Wherever you're at in your faith journey, you'll always be accepted as part of the FWC family. Beyond that, if you're ready to plan your first visit, click here. If you want to learn more about our beliefs as a church, click here. Or if you'd simply like to get in touch with a person on our lead team directly, click the button below. We Are Better Together 224 Pinewood Dr. Beckley, WV 25801 Sunday Services @ 10:00 AM Wednesday Services @ 11:00AM & 7:00 PM Copyright 2020, Family Worship Center. All Rights Reserved.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1065
__label__wiki	0.929549	0.929549	Chuma Okeke Jared Harper Danjel Purifoy Bryce Brown Malik Dunbar Nassir Little Cameron Johnson Sports College sports Basketball Men's basketball Men's sports NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship College basketball Men's college basketball Kentucky SEC Auburn North Carolina ACC Hot-shooting Auburn upsets No. 1 North Carolina 97-80 By DAVE SKRETTA - Mar. 30, 2019 12:22 AM EDT Auburn head coach Bruce Pearl is seen on the sidelines during the first half of a men's NCAA tournament college basketball Midwest Regional semifinal game against North Carolina Friday, March 29, 2019, in Kansas City, Mo. (AP Photo/Charlie Riedel) KANSAS CITY, Mo. (AP) — The euphoria of reaching the Elite Eight for the first time in 33 years had already worn off and Auburn coach Bruce Pearl was left to arrange his bravest smile on his face. His trigger-happy Tigers were moving on in the NCAA Tournament. They were doing it without their most versatile player. Behind yet another 3-point barrage, No. 5 seed Auburn overcame a slow start to roar past top-seeded North Carolina 97-80 in the Midwest Region semifinals Friday night. But the victory came only after sophomore forward Chuma Okeke, who already had scored a game-high 20 points and pulled down 11 rebounds, sustained a gruesome injury to his left knee in the closing minutes of the game. "It's a bittersweet accomplishment because of Chuma getting hurt," Pearl conceded. "In a game full of guys that have a chance to play at the next level, I thought he was the best player." Yet he didn't do it alone. And that should give the Tigers (29-9), who matched the 1998-99 team for most wins in school history, some confidence as they aim for their first Final Four. Malik Dunbar finished with 13 points, Bryce Brown and Danjel Purifoy scored 12 apiece, and Jared Harper scored nine while dishing out 11 assists in Auburn's latest takedown of college hoops royalty. It was Kansas last week. It was North Carolina on Friday night. It could be Kentucky next, after the Wildcats survived Houston's comeback bid for a 62-58 victory in the second semifinal. That trio represents the three winningest programs in Division I history. "Three games away. That's the bottom line," said Brown, the catalyst of a team that rained in 17 3-pointers against the Tar Heels. "I want to lead my guys to a national championship." The Tar Heels' own title aspirations may have been brought down by the flu bug. Leading scorer Cameron Johnson spiked a fever Thursday night, and he wound up going 4 of 11 from the floor and scoring 15 points. Top bench player Nassir Little didn't practice all week with the same symptoms, and he wound up scoring four points in just 12 minutes. "Nassir didn't have the same lift and Cam wasn't the same person on the court, but those are just excuses," said North Carolina coach Roy Williams, whose team was the first No. 1 seed to go down. Auburn-Carolina was the track meet everyone anticipated from the opening tip, the only difference that the Tar Heels preferred to go to the basket while the Tigers kept pulling up for 3s. Early on, they didn't make nearly enough. Yet they managed to track down all the long boards, allowing Pearl's team to hang tough on the glass against the team with the nation's No. 1 rebounding differential. That in turn gave them second and third chances down floor, and allowed Auburn to take a 41-39 lead into the break. The Tigers' run eventually reached 14-0 spanning halftime, giving them the first double-digit lead of the game. Williams finally relented and called timeout, and the genteel North Carolina coach with the aw-shucks disposition spent most of it savagely ripping into his bench. The Tar Heels responded, at least for a while. But even when Maye and Johnson managed to trim their deficit to 60-54 with 13 minutes left, and a building solidly packed with Carolina blue began to stir, a brazen bunch of Tigers answered by rejecting a pair of dunks and knocking down a 3. Or two or three of them. In fact, they knocked down five straight 3s at one point. Purifoy had two, prompting Williams to ask, "Who has No. 3!?" The answer was nobody: Purifoy knocked down another for good measure. "I'll never use that halftime talk again," Williams said, "because it sure as dickens didn't work." The Tigers' momentum finally slowed when Okeke's left knee buckled on the way to the basket. The sophomore forward crumpled to the floor along the baseline, rolling around in agony and disappointment, and it eventually took two trainers to help him limp to the locker room. "We think it could be serious," Pearl said. "In those moments you begin to see what these guys are made of, the fabric. Our guys started to pray, and asked God to watch over our brother." Then the Tigers gave him something good to watch in the locker room. Brown knocked down one more 3 to give the Tigers an 88-72 lead with 2:12 left, then took a steal for an emphatic breakaway dunk that the left the backboard shaking, and a single section sporting orange opposite the Auburn bench joined the celebration with a team headed back to the Elite Eight. "I'm really proud of our team," Okeke said through a team spokesman. "We were able to make history tonight. We do not drop off when we go to our bench and we'll be ready for whoever we play on Sunday." Auburn was dynamic from the perimeter but dreadful from the foul line, going 8 of 17. It was a wonder North Carolina didn't start fouling with about 5 minutes left, particularly the way the Tigers were shooting it from everywhere else. North Carolina was 7 of 28 from the 3-point line, numbers that simply didn't add up against Auburn's barrage. Now the question becomes who will leave for the NBA? The Tar Heels have plenty of top pro prospects, and those upcoming decisions will largely shape next season. Auburn will face the Wildcats on Sunday afternoon for a spot in the Final Four. The Tigers have faced Kentucky twice this season, losing close at home before getting blown out at Rupp Arena. More AP college basketball: https://apnews.com/MarchMadness and http://www.twitter.com/AP_Top25	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1069
__label__wiki	0.725942	0.725942	How to Cheat Your Way Into The Olympics Have you ever witnessed a professional performance which left you saying “Well, I could do that too”? Rarely does the average person experience this moment while watching the Olympics, an athletic series of competitions filled to the brim with talent and fierce determination. However, American “skier” Elizabeth Swaney, who represented Hungary in the Winter Olympics held in Pyeongchang, South Korea, showed us that we should all follow our dreams and live our lives to the fullest. Swaney reached the 2018 Winter Olympics through exploitation of a sheer lack of female halfpipe skiers and a hilarious loophole. Qualification for the Olympics (as a halfpipe skier) involves achieving a certain number of top-30 World Cup finishes, and Swaney achieved 13 of them by simply turning up and competing at events where there were fewer than 30 athletes competing. As a result, Swaney is seen rocking back on forth on the halfpipe — performing no tricks, SLOWING DOWN to catch her balance, and finally finishing unsteadily enough that she slid slowly backwards. The 33- year-old quickly became an overnight sensation, and to make matters worse, she was the first person to ever represent Hungary in skiing. However terrible she is in terms of skiing, Swaney believes she will inspire a new generation. “I want to inspire others in Hungary and the world to become involved in freestyle skiing,” she said. “Maybe perhaps I’m the bridge to those who want to get started in the life of freestyle skiing and I want to show people that, yeah, it’s possible to get involved in freestyle skiing through a variety of backgrounds.” Swaney said. Hungarian officials have confirmed that their qualifications will be altered. Watch the hilarious video here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YKOlMUyOEDc Jolie Suarez, Staff Writer Junior Jolie Suarez is a staff writer for the 2017-2018 Colonel. While binge-watching The Vampire Diaries, she eats salt and vinegar chips, Twizzlers, Wendy’s, Sour Patch Kids, and drinks Olive Garden limontas. You may deliver these foods at any reasonable hour to the main office for her. Author: thecolonel306 The Colonel is Ledyard High School's award-winning news magazine, serving as the student voice of LHS for almost 50 years. View all posts by thecolonel306 Prev Walkout for Awareness Next NCAA March Madness Tell us how you feel Cancel reply	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1070
__label__wiki	0.575214	0.575214	Conquest-UA Critical Windows Security Warning Issued For Windows 10, 8.1 And 7 Users September 24, 2019 - by Ronny From a security perspective, it hasn’t been the best few weeks for Microsoft or Windows users for that matter. There have been so many serious security issues coming to the fore that “security warning fatigue” is becoming a real danger. Most recently I reported how a Windows 10 update broke Windows Defender. This was preceded by a critical Windows warning about a wormable exploit that had been weaponized. Before that, there was a “complete control” hack attack warning, another Windows update breaking things issue and a device driver design flaw leaving millions of Windows 10 users at risk. Now there’s more bad news, and also good news, as a zero-day vulnerability that is being exploited in the wild is confirmed by Microsoft. Here’s what you need to know and what you need to do now. Critical Windows Zero-Day Vulnerability Confirmed First, the good news. The Microsoft Security Response Center (MSRC) has confirmed an out of band Windows security update. The bad news is that, as reported by BleepingComputer, the fix for an already exploited in the wild zero-day vulnerability has to be installed manually following a download from the Microsoft Update Catalog. The vulnerability, confirmed as CVE-2019-1367, is described as a “scripting engine memory corruption vulnerability” that impacts Internet Explorer 9 (on Windows Server 2008,) Internet Explorer 10 (on Windows Server 2012) and Internet Explorer 11 (on Windows 7, 8.1, Server 2008, Server 2012, Server 2019 and Windows 10.) Today In: Innovation This remote code execution vulnerability makes it possible for an attacker to create a website that would trigger memory corruption and allow arbitrary code to be executed “in the context of the current user.” What does that mean? If a threat actor successfully convinced you to visit the rogue website, by way of a phishing email for example, and you happened to be logged into Windows as an administrator, then full control of your system could be achieved. Malware could be installed, files could be deleted and new accounts created. Be in no doubt; this is a critical vulnerability and one that is already being exploited according to the Microsoft security update guide confirmation. What do you need to do now? BleepingComputer reports that while Microsoft has made the out of band security update available to fix CVE-2019-1367, it has to be installed manually. This is confirmed by Microsoft which said ” an updated scan file will not be available until the next security release in October 2019. As a workaround, you will need to download the September 2019 WSUS scan cab and then manually download this update from Microsoft Update Catalog to deploy.” Microsoft also confirmed that there are mitigations available for some Windows users. The Enhanced Security Configuration mode that Internet Explorer on Windows Server 2008, Server 2012, Server 2016 and Server 2019 runs by default can “reduce the likelihood of a user or administrator downloading and running specially crafted web content on a server,” Microsoft said. There’s another workaround that restricts access to JScript.dll available here, but Microsoft said this could result in “reduced functionality.” Microsoft recommends that to be fully protected, users should install the update as soon as possible. If you have implemented that JScript workaround, however, you will need to revert the mitigation before installing the update. Tagged1078.1andCriticalForIssuedSecurityUsersWarningWindows High-Impact Windows 10 Security Threat Revealed As App-Killing Malware Evolves NI battles for cyber-security jobs amid global shortage Microsoft Finds Password Security Problem Affecting 44 Million Users Previous Article This Helmet Has Air Conditioning Inside And It Might Help Reduce Road Rage In India Next Article Rethinking High School About Ronny View all posts by Ronny → Samsung eyes top spot in room air-conditioner segment by 2022 Room air conditioners to now have default temperature of 24 degree Celsius: BEE The Stagwell Group Creates Central Marketing Team With New Hires and Promotions This Redditor’s Optical Illusion Makeup Is the Definition of “New Year, New You” Copyright © 2020 Conquest-UA.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1074
__label__wiki	0.546346	0.546346	Page No. - 1212 Juanita (?) Female, #36331, (say 1913 - ) Married Name � Her married name was Rolison.� Marriage* � She married J. D. Rolison.� Birth* say 1913� Juanita was born say 1913.� J. D. Rolison (say 1911 - ) Julia Ann Rolison+ (4 May 1941 - 1999) Jason Andrew Culpepper Jr. Male, #36332, (4 Apr 1923 - 26 Feb 1997) Father* Jason Andrew Culpepper (13 Nov 1895 - 22 May 1972) Mother* Daisy Elizabeth Carter (2 Oct 1900 - 21 May 1987) Birth* 4 Apr 1923� Jason was born at Bell Co., Texas, on 4 Apr 1923.1,2� 1930 Census 1 Apr 1930� Jason and Joe was listed as a son in Jason Andrew Culpepper's household on the 1930 Census at Bell Co., Texas.3� SSN* between 1936 and 1950� His Social Security Number was issued between 1936 and 1950 in Texas.2� World War II* between 1942 and 1945� He served in World War II between 1942 and 1945 (US Army.)4� Death of Father 22 May 1972� His father Jason Andrew Culpepper died on 22 May 1972 at Bronte, Coke Co., Texas.2,5� Death of Mother 21 May 1987� His mother Daisy Elizabeth Carter died on 21 May 1987 at Killeen, Bell Co., Texas.6,2� Death* 26 Feb 1997� He died at Temple, Bell Co., Texas, on 26 Feb 1997 at age 73.7,8� Burial* circa 28 Feb 1997� His body was interred circa 28 Feb 1997 at Wilson Valley Cemetery, Little River, Bell Co., Texas.4� Biography* � Jason was married three times, had no children.� Charts John Culpepper of Randolph Co, AL: Descendant Chart J. A. Culpepper Jr., born 4 Apr 1923 in Bell Co., Texas. ED 16, page 17B, Bell Co,. TX Own=$700, Radio=N, Farm=N Jason A. Culpepper, Head, M, 34, M, md @20, TX/AL/AL, Gas Station Merchant Daisy E. Culpepper, Wife, F, 29, M, md @15, TX/TX/TX Mildred Culpepper, Dau, F, 12, S, TX/TX/TX J. D. Culpepper, Son, M, 7, S, TX/TX/TX Joe L. Culpepper, Son, M, 5, S, TX/TX/TX. National Cemetery Administration, compiler, US Veterans Gravesites, 1775-2006, Online database at Ancestry.com, 2006. Wilson Valley Cemetery, Temple, TX + J A Culpepper, US ARMY WORLD WAR II, 4 Apr 1923 - 26 Feb 1997. Texas Department of Health, compiler, Texas Death Index, 1903-2000, Online database at Ancestry.com, 2006. Jason A Culpepper, Male, Single, died 22 May 1972 in Coke Co., TX. Daisy Elizabeth Culpepper, Female, died 21 May 1987 in Bell Co., TX. Jason A Culpepper, Male, died 26 Feb 1997 in Bell Co., TX. Loretta Meyer, Carlsbad, NM, 2000 report, Loretta Meyer, Carlsbad, NM, to Lew Griffin, 2000. Joe Lee Culpepper Male, #36333, (11 Jan 1926 - 29 Jan 1996) Birth* 11 Jan 1926� Joe was born at Bell Co., Texas, on 11 Jan 1926.1,2� Residence* Jan 1996� Joe resided at Harris Co., Texas, in Jan 1996.1� Death* 29 Jan 1996� He died at Bell Co., Texas, on 29 Jan 1996 at age 70.7,1� Burial* circa 31 Jan 1996� His body was interred circa 31 Jan 1996 at Wilson Valley Cemetery, Little River, Bell Co., Texas.4� Juanita Ruth Francis David Carter Culpepper Jos Lee Culpepper, Male, born 11 Jan 1926 in Bell Co., Texas, child of J A Culpepper and Daisy Carter. + Joe Lee Culpepper, US ARMY, 11 Jan 1926 - 28 Jan 1996. Joe Lee Culpepper, Male, died 29 Jan 1996 in Bell Co., TX. Carroll Wesley Culpepper1,2 Male, #36334, (23 Oct 1888 - 25 Nov 1934) Father* Edwin Carroll Culpepper3 (c 1858 - 1890) Mother* Carolyn Louise Harris3 (25 Aug 1863 - 16 Nov 1916) Birth* 23 Oct 1888� Carroll was born at Sanford, Seminole Co., Florida, on 23 Oct 1888.2,4� Death of Father 1890� His father Edwin Carroll Culpepper died in 1890 at Saint Augustine, Saint Johns Co., Florida.5� 1900 Census 1 Jun 1900� Carroll was listed as a step son in James Franklin Jones's household on the 1900 Census at Orange Co., Florida.6� 1910 Census 15 Apr 1910� Carroll was listed as a son in James Franklin Jones's household on the 1910 Census at Geneva, Seminole Co., Florida.7� Marriage* 21 Jan 1912� He married Kitty Wells Seig at Geneva, Orange Co., Florida, on 21 Jan 1912 at age 23.1� Relocation* 1914� The Culpeppers lived in the northern part of Orange County that became Seminole County in 1914.� Death of Mother 16 Nov 1916� His mother Carolyn Louise Harris died on 16 Nov 1916 at Florida.5� WWI Draft Reg* 1917� He registered for the WW-I draft in 1917 at Seminole Co., Florida.2� Birth of Son 17 Dec 1919� His son Carroll Wesley Culpepper Jr. was born on 17 Dec 1919 at Geneva, Seminole Co., Florida.5,8� 1920 Census* 1 Jan 1920� Carroll was listed as the head of a family on the 1920 Census at Geneva, Seminole Co., Florida.9� Birth of Son 3 Aug 1924� His son John Neal Culpepper was born on 3 Aug 1924 at Geneva, Seminole Co., Florida.10,11,8� Birth of Son 3 Jul 1926� His son Col. Vernon Mercer Culpepper was born on 3 Jul 1926 at Geneva, Seminole Co., Florida.12,8� 1930 Census* 1 Apr 1930� He was enumerated in the US Census of 1930 at Geneva, Seminole Co., Florida.10,13� Death* 25 Nov 1934� He died at Geneva, Seminole Co., Florida, on 25 Nov 1934 at age 46.4� Burial* circa 27 Nov 1934� His body was interred circa 27 Nov 1934 at Geneva Cemetery, Geneva, Seminole Co., Florida.4� Kitty Wells Seig (21 May 1895 - 26 Jun 1990) Khadra Ann Culpepper (29 Mar 1913 - 25 Feb 2004) Carolyn Louise Culpepper (6 Jul 1916 - before 1990) Eileen Culpepper14 (10 Aug 1918 - 10 Aug 1918) Carroll Wesley Culpepper Jr.+ (17 Dec 1919 - 29 Apr 2000) Margaret Mae Culpepper10 (7 Mar 1923 - 24 Sep 2001) John Neal Culpepper+ 10 (3 Aug 1924 - 26 Jul 1992) Col. Vernon Mercer Culpepper+ 10 (3 Jul 1926 - 11 Jun 2000) Carroll Wesley Culpepper of Geneva and Kittie Wells Seig of Geneva on 21 Jan 1912 in Orange Co., FL, Book 3, p. 262. National Archives and Records Administration, compiler, World War I Selective Service System Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918, Online database at Ancestry.com, 2005. http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=6482 Carroll Wesley Culpepper, b. 23 Oct 1888, White, Sanford FL, Seminole Co., FL. Page 102B, Family 178, Precinct 6, Orange Co., FL James Jones, Head, M Jun 1856, 43, md 11 yrs, GA/GA/GA, Orange Grove Farmer Carrie L. Jones, Wife, F, Aug 1864, 35, md 11 yrs, ch 4/2, GA/GA/GA Delia Jones, Daughter, F, Oct 1897, 2, S, FL/GA/GA Wesley Culpepper, Step-son, M, Oct 1888, 11, S, FL/GA/GA. USGenWeb Archives. http://www.rootsweb.com/~usgenweb/copyright.htm Geneva Cemetery, Geneva, Seminole County, Florida ftp://ftp.rootsweb.com/pub/usgenweb/fl/seminole/cemetery/geneva.txt + Carroll W. Culpepper, 23 Oct 1888 - 25 Nov 1934. E-mail written 2003-2008 to Culpepper Connections from Linda Dianne Herring Crompton, e-mail address. Geneva, Seminole, Florida, Prect. 6, ED 121, page 7 (transcribed by Linda Crompton) Jones, James F., Head, White, Male, born June 1856, age 43, Married 11 years, born in Georgia, Father & Mother born in Ga., occupation-Farmer for Orange Grove, Can read, write and speak English, owned his farm, free of mortgage, farm #113. Carrie L., wife, white, female, born Aug. 1864, age 35, married 11 years, mother of 4 children - 2 living, born in Ga., Father & Mother born in Ga., occupation farmer, can read, write & speak English, owned farm, mortgaged, farm #114. Della, daughter, white, female, born Oct. 1897, age 2, single, born in Fla. Culpepper, Wesley C., step-son, white male, born Oct. 1888, age 11, single, born in Fla., at school for 6 months, can read, write and Speak English, Father & Mother born in Georgia. Geneva, Seminole, Florida, Prect. 6, ED 115, pg 8A (Transcribed by Linda Crompton) Jones, James Frank, Head, male, white, age 52, married 23 years, born in Ga., Father & Mother born in Ga., Occupation farmer, Fruit farm, owned, not out of work, can read & write English, owned-free of mortgage-farm #131. Carrie L., wife, female, white, age 47, married 23 years, had 3 children-2 living, born in Ga., Father & Mother born in Ga., occupation "Hello Girl" for Telephone Ex. , working, can read & write English. Carroll, son, male, white, age 21, single, born in Fla., occupation packer of fruits & veg., can read & write English. Della, daughter, female, white, age 12, single, born in Fla., can read, write & speak English. Page: 15A, ED: 182, Image: 514 (3 Jan 1920), Geneva, Seminole Co., FL Carroll W. Culpepper, HH, M, W, 31, M, FL/GA/GA, Farmer Kitty W. Culpepper, Wife, F, W, 24, M, GA/GA/GA, Telephone Operator Kathlin Culpepper, Dau, F, W, 7, S, FL/FL/GA Karen L. Culpepper, Dau, F, W, 3 5/12, S, FL/FL/GA Carroll W. Culpepper, Jr., Son, M, W, 1/12, S, FL/FL/GA. ED 59-12, Sheet 2A, Lines 32-39, Geneva-Oviedo Rd., Geneva, Seminole Co., FL Rent=$15, Radio=N, Farm=N Carroll W. Culpepper, Head, M, 34, md@23, FL/GA/GA, Operator/Bus Line & Trucks Kitty Wells Culpepper, Wife, F, 34, md@16, GA/GA/GA Khadra A. Culpepper, Dau, F, W, 17, Sng, FL/FL/GA C. Louise Culpepper, Dau, F, W, 13, Sng, FL/FL/GA Carroll W. Culpepper, Jr., Son, M, W, 10, Sng, FL/FL/GA Margaret M. Culpepper, Dau, F, W, 7, Sng, FL/FL/GA John N. Culpepper, Son, M, W, 5, Sng, FL/FL/GA Vernon M. Culpepper, Son, M, W, 10, Sng, FL/FL/GA. State of Florida Health Department / Office of Vital Records, compiler, Florida Death Index, 1936-1998, Online database at Ancestry.com, 2004. John Neal Culpepper, Cert 80603, Brevard Co., FL, White, 03 Aug 1924 - 26 Jul 1992. Vernon M. Culpepper, 3 Jul 1926 - 11 Jun 2000, Served 1 Jul 1944 to 31 Jan 1981 as Colonel in the US Army, Interred 17 Jul 2000 in Ft. Sam Houston National Cemetery, Section 11, Site 1124 Joan H. Culpepper, 12 Feb 1927 - 17 May 1997, Wife of Vernon M. Culpepper, Interred 21 May 1997 in Ft. Sam Houston National Cemetery, Section 11, Site 1124. The 1930 census record age was for Vernon was transcribed in error. It is actually "3 9/12." + Baby Culpepper, 10 Aug 1918 - 10 Aug 1918. Kitty Wells Seig Female, #36335, (21 May 1895 - 26 Jun 1990) Name Variation � She was also known as Kip.1� Birth* 21 May 1895� Kitty was born at Americus, Sumter Co., Georgia, on 21 May 1895. Kittie was the seventh daughter, fourteenth child of George Harrison Sieg (born 15 Mar 1846 in Americus, Sumter Co., GA), and fifth daughter, tenth child of his wife, Khadra Ann Mercer Sieg (born 28 Nov 1856 in GA).1� 1900 Census* 1 Jun 1900� Kitty was listed as a daughter in an unknown person 's household on the 1900 Census at Sumter Co., Georgia.2� Marriage* 21 Jan 1912� She married Carroll Wesley Culpepper at Geneva, Orange Co., Florida, on 21 Jan 1912 at age 16.3� Married Name 21 Jan 1912� As of 21 Jan 1912, her married name was Culpepper.� Relocation 1914� The Culpeppers lived in the northern part of Orange County that became Seminole County in 1914.� Birth of Son 17 Dec 1919� Her son Carroll Wesley Culpepper Jr. was born on 17 Dec 1919 at Geneva, Seminole Co., Florida.1,4� 1920 Census 1 Jan 1920� Kitty was listed as Carroll Wesley Culpepper's wife on the 1920 Census at Geneva, Seminole Co., Florida.5� Birth of Son 3 Aug 1924� Her son John Neal Culpepper was born on 3 Aug 1924 at Geneva, Seminole Co., Florida.6,7,4� Birth of Son 3 Jul 1926� Her son Col. Vernon Mercer Culpepper was born on 3 Jul 1926 at Geneva, Seminole Co., Florida.8,4� 1930 Census 1 Apr 1930� Kitty was listed as an unknown person 's wife on the 1930 Census at Geneva, Seminole Co., Florida.6,9� Death of Spouse 25 Nov 1934� Her husband Carroll Wesley Culpepper died on 25 Nov 1934 at Geneva, Seminole Co., Florida.10� Married Name 1939� As of 1939, her married name was Allen.11� Marriage* 1939� She married Alvah Gilman Allen at Volusia Co., Florida, in 1939.11� Death of Spouse 6 Sep 1965� Her husband Alvah Gilman Allen died on 6 Sep 1965.11� Death* 26 Jun 1990� She died at Altamonte Springs, Seminole Co., Florida, on 26 Jun 1990 at age 95.1� Biography* � From More Reflections, Personal Stories of Earlier Life in Geneva, Florida, Geneva Historical Society. (Author of article unknown) The invitations for the wedding of Miss Kitty Wells Sieg and Mr. Carroll Wesley Culpepper were issued for seven-thirty o'clock on the evening of January 21, 1912. As all guest and wedding party members were assembled, the minister, the Reverend Mr. E. Lee Smith, pastor of the Geneve and Oviedo Baptist Churches, requested that the wedding service begin at seven as he had a dark, cold night for the long buggy drive back to his home in Oviedo. Miss Sieg and Mr. Culpepper were united in marriage in a simple ceremony at the home of the bride's mother, Mrs. Khadra Mercer Sieg. (The site of the Sieg residence will be remembered as the former Graddick Place. The late Mr. and Mrs. Graddick were parents of Mrs. H.H. Pattishall and grandparents of Henry Fletcher Jones.) The bride wore an ice blue satin floor length gown with an inserted yoke outlined with blue silk dep fringe, as was the hipline of the skirt. Accessories were white; silk stockings, buttoned high top pique shoes, and long gloves. The groom wore a dark blue serge suit, white shirt, black tie and black shores. Following the ceremony, the guest were served a light supper of chicken salad, crackers, stuffed olives, Jell-o with whipped cream, wedding cake, fruit punch, and coffee. (This was the first time stuffed olives and Jell-o were served at any Geneva social function. 'Tis said the groom liked the jell-o, but suffered noticeably the lone olive he swallowed.) Those attending were: Mrs. Khadra Mercer Sieg, mother of the bride; Mrs. Margaret "Maggie" Sieg Etheredge, bride's sister, and her son, Emmett Culver Etheredge, Jr; brother-in-law and sister. Mr. and Mrs. David Speer (Lannie); Mr. John "Jack" Vernon Wicks (married Margaret Sieg Etheredge in February, two weeks later.) Mr. and Mrs. Frank Jones (Carolyn Louise Harris Culpepper), stepfather and mother of the groom, and their daughter, Miss Della Jones. (On Monday morning, January 22nd, Postmaster H.H.Pattishall, announced that when he arrived at the post office he was amazed to find the largest amount of mail ever posted in those early days - stacked on the floor ready for posting, announcements of the wedding the previous evening). Since the wood burning stove was not delievered on Saturday as promised, plans to spend the night in their new home (rented and furnished by the groom without assistance from the bride) were changed. They stayed at the Sieg residence. Monday morning Carroll was off to work as foreman of the Chase and Company Packing House on Lake Harney, later the old Pavilion. That night after dinner the entire families met at the new home, known as the Hayes Place, to inspect the now completely furnished house since the stove had arrived that afternoon and had been installed by Carroll and Friends as they returned to their homes from work. The two-story house consisted of front porch, a combination living and dining room, kitchen, and bedroom on the first floor, two bedrooms and hall upstairs. Houses were furnished quite differently in those days. In the entrance hall was a hat rack with mirror attached to a storage chest topped with a bench with arms that provided extra seating for those special occasions. Living and dining room boasted a large oak table with six chairs, a sideboard (buffet) and four oak rocking chairs placed upon an "art square" (9 X 12 rug). The kitchen had a built-in table, and the wood burning stove with a big reservior and a warming oven. The pantry was lined with shelves, completely stocked. The downstairs bedroom had a brass double bed, oak dresser and washstand on which was kept, a wash bowl (lavatory), pitcher, soap dish with lid, and a small pitcher and cup for drinking water. On the floor, standing beside the washstand, was waste jar with lid. These accessories were of matching blue china with dark centered daisies and were referred to as a "toilet set". An oak chair and a round table with lamp completed this room. In the upstairs bedroom was a white enameled bed with brass trimmed post, oak dresser and washstand, and the "toilet set" of white china decorated with gold. All windows had green shades. Ecru voile curtains with sides bordered with blue flowers and green leaves hung in the living-diningroom. The bride's inspection tour was just completed. As the couple descended the stairs a great noise was heard. Cowbells ringing, spoons banging on pots and pans, cans rattling...the "shiveree" began! This was the then traditional housewarming and all the young, both single and married couples of Geneva and friends from nearby attended. Mayme and Ramona McLain Belle Elchner with Endor & Helen Curlett Georgia Pattishall Pearl & Margie Kilbee with Hilton Brown Kate Flynt Clare Harrison Ruth & Emma Proctor & brother, Clifford Lester Brown Grover LeFils Fred Ballard Grady and Wiley Helms Fred Prevatt After the congratulations, the fun and games, sisters of the newlyweds served home baked cakes and hot chocolate to the merrymakers and well wishers. Another home established, two old southern families united, the Siegs and the Culpeppers, one." From the 1966-67 Geneva Historical and Genealogical Society Year Book: "April 16th was a special date at Fort Lane Park: the last block and nail joined roof and rafters to the concrete slab floor, and the first unit of our long-hoped-for pavilion was completed. This building is a gift of the Sieg families, and is to be called THE SIEG PAVILION. It commerates sixty (60) years of one or more members of this family living on Lake Herney or in Geneva." Source Unknown: Kittie Wells moved from Americus, Georgia to Geneva, Florida in 1911. She married Carroll Wesley Culpepper. Orange County, Florida Book 3, page 262. They had 3 daughters and 3 sons. She was a L.P.Nurse. She was a member of the First Baptist Church of Gevena. She is listed on the 1920 Geneva, Seminole, Florida census as living with her husband, Carroll W., son, Carroll W., and daughters, Kather, and Kanem. It states she is age 24, born in Georgia, married, able to read, write, and speak english, and working as a telephone operator for wages. She married a second time to Alvah G. Allen. She was a perpetual member of the Geneva Historical and Genealogical Society. She was on the Hospitality Committee and the cemetery committee, in 1966-67. She was living in Geneva. She died on June 26, 1990, at 11:00 P.M., in Altamonte Springs, Fla. at the age of 95. She was living at Groupe Home at 1010 Terry Drive, Altamonte Springs. Her house address was 250 First Street, Geneva, Fla. 32732. The funeral home was Brisson Funeral Hime at 905 Laurel Ave., Sanford, Fla. The service was on Saturday, June 30, at 11:00 A.M. at First Baptist Church of Gevena. The Rev. Jack Darrow presided. The pallbearers were her grandsons. She is buried at Gevena cemetery, #153-F. At the time of her death, she had the following children still living: (1) Carroll W. Culpepper in Panama City, Florida; (2) John N. Culpepper in Cocoa, Florida; (3) Vernon M. Culpepper in San Antonio, Texas; Khadra C. Ward in Gevena, Florida; and Margaret C. Walcot in Oviedo, Florida. She had 22 grandchildren, 27 great-grandchildren, and 5 great-great grandchildren. The family asked that memorial contributions be sent to her favorite charity. From Reflections - Stories of Earlier Life in Geneva, Florida, Geneva Historical Society. Kitty Wells Sieg Culpepper Allen -- "I have been in Geneva for some years now. I came here when I was a young girl with my father and mother and two brothers. We stayed at the Doctor Freeman Pattishall place for a few months. Then Mr. Huddleston came to us and wanted us to go on his place free of rent so as to keep bees out of his orange grove. So we built over there and before our furniture came from Georgia, we had only one bed in the house. I slept on one side of the quilt and covered with the other on the floor and we really had a time trying to keep things going until our things came from Georgia. We used a dry goods box for a dresser. We had an old broken mirror on it and used the inside of it for storing our linens and we kept our little trinkets that we did have with us on this. We had one large table in the room and in the kitchen we had an old fashioned wood stove with a reservoir and an oven warmer. We had a few dishes and two kerosene lamps for the whole house. Well! I can remember very well that we had a great deal of trouble in getting our furniture brought out from Sanford, but eventually it arrived. Then we were very happy to have it. Then I know that my father and brothers worked at the hammock planting beans and potatoes, tomatoes, etc. My mother and I would go down occasionally and help them out. You know the men folks just can't get along without we women. Oh Yes! I guess I should say that my brother Willie Lee Sieg and Joe Sieg came down with papa and mama and I, and we lived there at the Huddleston place. I recall one afternoon I was playing barefooted, throwing an orange way up in the air and catching it, if I could. One time I missed it and I saw something shinning in the sand. I thought, oops, I better pick that piece of tin up and throw it in the lake to keep from cutting my foot on it, and guess what it was, a silver dollar! Boy! Did I think I was a rich gal! We so seldom had whole dollars so these things all come back as we stop to think about the days of long ago. There was a packinghouse at every grove. No one ever thought of such a thing as carrying the fruit to someone else's packinghouse for shipment. I can remember that I was out in the packinghouse, scrubbing grapefruit to prepare them for shipping, when friends came riding by wanting to know if I could go with them on a picnic. So my mother allowed me to go and we had a great picnic down on Lake Harney. Lake Harney was our focal point for picnics in those days, and on every Friday afternoon a crowd of people came down. We went swimming. I had my first bathing suit and do you know what? My mother wouldn't let me go swimming without hose on. Can you understand that now, these days? Ah! Know I bet you can't. Well, I noticed that my other friends were not wearing hose. I felt terribly embarrassed with my mother and sister but if I went swimming I had to have the hose. So I walked in sand with them and wore them out so I couldn't wear them anymore. Then I got to go without hose because she couldn't afford to keep buying them for me. Well, we had wonderful times camping in tents and palmetto shacks up on Lake Harney, way up at the head where my brother Willie Lee Seig lives at the present time. We had palmetto shacks, one for the men folks, one for the ladies. There was an open palmetto shed for the kitchen. Instead of moving our whole bedstead out there, we just took the springs and mattress and put them on the floor...Oh, another thing, our pots and pans commenced rattling out there and, whoop, we had to get up and run the coons away. They were eating up our food in our pantry. So, again, we would go back to bed and maybe we would wake up the next morning with an old owl screeching at the top of his voice nearby. And another thing I can remember, when we first came to Geneva, if I can go back again. When we first arrived on Lake Harney my sister and brother-in-law had a tent with a floor in it for their living quarters, but they had the palmetto shacks too and they had built an extra palmetto shack for papa and mama to sleep in. And I had never seen such things before. They were certainly a curiosity but they kept the water off us when it rained and the sun off in the daytime and the dampness at night. We were very grateful for them but, believe you me, we had to sleep under nets. The mosquitoes were bad and around this camp, which was a cluster of several palmetto shacks and tents, was a great fence made out of, of all things, fish nets and palmetto logs. They put one log on top of another, up about three logs or maybe four logs, and then put stakes up and hung palmetto, I mean hung fish nets all around this, making an enclosure so as to keep their chickens out and the hogs out because hogs ran wild in those days and of course it helped to keep some animals out, not all. And I can remember on the cold, windy days, we would go behind the ridge and make a fire in a palmetto stump so as to keep warm. I remember once as we were walking along, I was whittling on a piece of palmetto and our fire had gone out sometime before and I just stepped right in that palmetto hole and burned my foot. I had to hop home, just hippity hop home on one foot and some palmeto sticks that I used for crutches. We had a time when we were going by the Smith house on Lake Geneva. A bunch of children were out playing in the yard. One of them says. "Who is that?" "I don't know". Oh! That's that Lake Harney crowd, I knows them". So, we had a great fun over that. Going on home we arrived home that night and found everything satisfactory at home... When we first came to Geneva we, being Baptist, had no church to go to as most of the Baptist that had been here before us had either passed away or moved from the community. So, we immediately went to the Methodist church, which was the only one at that time in this community. We never missed any services anymore than if it had been our own denomination. We were very happy to attend and enjoyed it. And, as usual, always spoke to the elderly people. It's always been sometime that I could not resist, was trying to make them feel welcome and at home. I particularly remember Grandpa and Grandma Baker being so delighted that I had spoken to them, me, as a young girl. So, they told me one day, "Kitty Wells. you are the only girl that has ever spoken to us at church and we certainly do appreciate it, and I want you to know that since you have been speaking to us, others have too." And they were so delighted over it until they had me come and spend a whole day with them at their home, and I did enjoy it very much. And in attending these services we never thought of missing a single service if we could possibly avoid it. But, eventually other Baptists moved in and my father, being a preacher, was asked to form a new church, to reorganize the old church, perhaps I should say. So, on one Sunday afternoon, but I do not recall the date, all the Baptist in the community with the children that they had raised since they had a church here, came to our house and we reorganized the Geneva Baptist Church. This building was already over by the cemetery. We had a large building with a pulpit, the rostrum, and we had no organ, of course, but we managed to raise enough cash to get one. My father was to preach once a month until we were financially able to get a pastor. So, in those days, the Methodist had their preaching on the second and fourth Sundays. So, we decided not to interfere with them, we would have ours on the first Sunday of each month. We were not financially able to have services more often. I can recall that we would get up, say on the first Sunday morning and go to Sunday School and preaching at our church, go home and immediately after lunch we would go to the Methodist church to Sunday School and Epworth League, going from there to our church for our night service. And on the second Sunday, we would get up and go to the Methodist Sunday School and church, then home for our lunch, then to our Sunday School in the afternoon and then back to the Methodist church to their Epworth League and preaching. Would the young people of this day be doing that much and going to church? Could they think of making so many trips to a church? And, in our meeting in those days, we were walking, we were not riding, and it was at least two miles from our home to the church, back home again, then at least two miles to the other church and back home again. So, you see we really put some foot tracks in those days to get to our churches. After awhile we were able to have a pastor and eventually we had him on the first and third Sundays. Then we kept on going to both churches at all times. Finally our church was moved from the cemetery, over into the hard road, near the schoolhouse. We were there for several years. Then we sold our building to the colored people and bought what was known as a Woman's Club which was built during the big boom. I remember that we only had one service in this building before it was burned. From then on, we held our meetings in a tent until we were able to build again. This little church that we have at Geneva was begun in those days. And now we are growing and have our Sunday School rooms and are planning for other extensions a little later. I think that is about all I can say for the way we did our church going in those days. Now let me back up a few years and say why we came to Geneva. My sister, Mrs. David Speer, (Annie Sieg Speer) and her husband were on Lake Harney fishing. He did the fishing with his brother-in-law. So, we camped there a while. Then we went into the Doctor Pattishall house as I mentioned before. But I want to tell you something about my sister, Mrs. Speer. She was a great seamstress, loved sewing and embroidering and all. I want you to know that due to her generosity a good many children would not had privilege of going to school or been able to have decent clothes to wear to school. The good friends of Mrs. Speer would give her clothing and she would make them over into their latest styles for these children to wear to school. I can recall one little girl that wanted to go to the 4-H Club meeting at Tallahassee, I believe it was, but anyway she had no clothing. So Mrs. Speer outfitted the girl from top to bottom, even to a bathing suit she needed to have on this journey. So, all in all, she was outfitted for this great occasion. Then on other occasions she made dresses and put them in a little chest at the school where my brother and his wife taught. And any child that had come to school on a rainy day, got wet on the way to school, could go into this chest and get clothing and have their clothes dried and then they could put them back on before they went home in the afternoon. Mrs. Speer loved doing these things for other people. She was also a wonderful nurse and did many, many ,mercy works in her life here in Geneva, The community has been so grateful to having her as their friend and neighbor. To work with them and for them and she enjoyed it all, even until the very last. She was 89 years of age when she passed away. Even after 85 she was doing this sewing and making dresses for little tots that were unable to have nicer dresses. I would like to tell you one other little thing that happened in our community. There was quite a little canasta club around. I don't know whether you people are cognizant of the fact but our elderly citzens have rapport here. Miss Ada Rogers, who is 89 years of age, and her sister, Miss Isabelle Rogers, who will soon be 84, Mrs. Allen who will soon be 70 and Miss Meta LeFils who is about 65 and we have a great club going once a week. We just couldn't say we made mistakes. We just had a lot of fun and that is what it is all about, now isn't it? Then we serve a nice refreshment and we all enjoy being together for the afternoon. We don't do a lot of gossiping as people seem to think is carried on at these clubs, for we are too busy planning our next move, and I want you to know that each one of us enjoy being together. I think you ought to get in lots of fun if you could just hear us without our knowing about it." From Siegs in Eight Generation "Kip" was the tomboy - and why not with brothers Wilie Lee and Joe plus cousin Sieg Holmes, Sr. next door for ball games and all the competitions every season? It was her morning's chore to pick salad tomatoes and blackberries for each summer day's dinner. As "baby" of the family she had many bosses, and was not considered to be grown-up by her elders until she married. Suddenly overnight long matronly dresses from her trousseau replaced those schoolgirl shorter length fashions of the day. The new wardrobe was purchased by her mother and sisters (Lonnie and Mag) while she window-shopped reluctantly - awaiting their selections. Kittie Wells' nimble fingers sewed, crocheted, tatted, wove pine needle baskets and trays, and handpainted on velvet - all the craft rages of the day. Church, school, activities, dinners at The Hall, surgical dressings unit during World War I, the thousand demands of an ever growing family (just as it had for all those wives preceeding her, and since in the march of generations across the accumulating pages of history). Other activities no longer volunteer after the Great Depression descended o'er all the land: telephone operator, postmaster, then Star Route service for Geneva, Oviedo, and Sanford post offices. Busy years. A long illness of her husband, terminal. The lonely years of widowhood. At thirty-nine, too young to tread the long decades ahead alone. Remarriage. World War II. Three sons (all she had) and sons-in-law (her daughters' husbands) in Military service. Volunteer Civilian Plane Watch - nightly vigils after working at the post office all day. Finally, thank God, the watching and waiting was over - all safetly home at last. During this time home canning was the order of every hour available, and this activity continued for a year after "the boys" were home. Resigned as postmaster. Enjoyed a trip to New York the better to see her country and visit with her step-young adults. They liked Florida, too, so there was visiting during vacations with picnicking, swimming and sailing at The Farm on Buck Lake where the log cabin nestles under the tall pines and large oaks. Welcoming grandchildren became priority number one and "Grandmuvie" was always there. Nursing at the Harry Anna Home for Crippled Children and later at Orange Memorial Hospital, Orlando, hustled the years onward. Retirement, 1960. Kittie Wells had always been a wonderful cook; she has attained the rank of expert in baking. Cakes, pies, cobblers - these are her specialty. Community service includes hostessing with a friend for the annual Vacation Bible School at her Church; Guidance Committee of the Geneva Historical Committee; Geneva Historical and Genealogical Society Board of Electors. 1975-76; Sandwich Chairman for Saturday Supper at the annual May Festival of this organization for ten (10) years; she was among those there each day helping with the building of The Sieg Pavilion where you are expected for annual Sieg Reunions; each week she supervises the arranging of the Wednesday Bunch for Lunch - a gathering of the area kin for a food and gab-fest; all summer of 1975 she served on the committee that planned and staged the Centennial Celebration of the First Baptist Church of Geneva honoring the first "gatherers" of this church which included your grandparents (or maybe they were your great-grandparents, or uncle and aunt, or great uncle and aunt, or cousins), the Rev. George Harrison and Khadra Ann Mercer Sieg, and their son and his wife, Willie Lee and Mayme McLain Sieg....all who had so nobly served to the glory of God. Still active at eighty-one, but slowing her pace. She drives - cruising at 50 instead of 65 MPH as she did in yesteryears."1� Carroll Wesley Culpepper (23 Oct 1888 - 25 Nov 1934) Margaret Mae Culpepper6 (7 Mar 1923 - 24 Sep 2001) John Neal Culpepper+ 6 (3 Aug 1924 - 26 Jul 1992) Col. Vernon Mercer Culpepper+ 6 (3 Jul 1926 - 11 Jun 2000) Alvah Gilman Allen (5 Aug 1882 - 6 Sep 1965) MD 789, Sumter, Ga., ED 61, June 1 (Transcribed by Linda Crompton) Sieg, George H., head, white, male, born Mch 1846, age 54, married, 23 years, born in Ga., father born in Maryland, mother born in SC, farmer, can read, write & speak english,own, free of mortgage, farm, #1; Khadra A., wife, white, female, born Nov 1857, age 42, married, 23 years, 10 children, 8 living, born in Ga., parents born in Ga., can read, write & speak english; Carrie C., daughter, white, female, born Nov 1882, age 17, single, born in Ga., at school, can read, write & speak english; Maggie M., daughter, white, female, born Mch 1884, age 16, single, born in Ga., at school, can read, write & speak english; Francis F., son, white, male, born Feb 1887, age 13, single, born in Ga., farm labor, can read, write & speak english; Willie Lee, son, white, male, born Aug 1890, age 9, single, born ib Ga., at school; Joseph L., son, white, male, born June 1892, age 7, single, born in Ga., at school; Kittie Wells, daughter, white, female, born May 1895, age 5, single, born in Ga. Jordan R. Dodd & Florida Department of Health, compiler, Florida Marriage Collection, 1822-1875 & 1927-2001, Online database at Ancestry.com, 2006. http://content.ancestry.com/iexec/?htx=List&dbid=8784&enc=1&offerid=0%3a7858%3a0 Alvah G. Allen married Kittie Wells Culpepper in 1939 in Volusia Co., FL. Khadra Ann Culpepper1 Female, #36336, (29 Mar 1913 - 25 Feb 2004) Father* Carroll Wesley Culpepper (23 Oct 1888 - 25 Nov 1934) Mother* Kitty Wells Seig (21 May 1895 - 26 Jun 1990) Birth* 29 Mar 1913� Khadra was born at Geneva, Orange Co., Florida, on 29 Mar 1913.1� 1920 Census 1 Jan 1920� Khadra and Carolyn was listed as a daughter in Carroll Wesley Culpepper's household on the 1920 Census at Geneva, Seminole Co., Florida.2� 1930 Census 1 Apr 1930� Khadra, Carolyn and Margaret was listed as a daughter in an unknown person 's household on the 1930 Census at Geneva, Seminole Co., Florida.3,4� Death of Father 25 Nov 1934� Her father Carroll Wesley Culpepper died on 25 Nov 1934 at Geneva, Seminole Co., Florida.5� Married Name 7 Jun 1936� As of 7 Jun 1936, her married name was Ward.1� Marriage* 7 Jun 1936� She married Ernest Marvin Ward at Geneva, Seminole Co., Florida, on 7 Jun 1936 at age 23. Pete and Khadra Ward and three children: Peter Michael Ward, Vernon Lee Ward, and Kenneth Walter Ward.1� Death of Mother 26 Jun 1990� Her mother Kitty Wells Seig died on 26 Jun 1990 at Altamonte Springs, Seminole Co., Florida.1� Death of Spouse 1 Aug 1995� Her husband Ernest Marvin Ward died on 1 Aug 1995 at Orange Co., Florida.1� Death* 25 Feb 2004� She died at Winter Park, Orange Co., Florida, on 25 Feb 2004 at age 90.1� Ernest Marvin Ward (7 Mar 1910 - 1 Aug 1995) Carolyn Louise Culpepper1,2 Female, #36337, (6 Jul 1916 - before 1990) Birth* 6 Jul 1916� Carolyn was born at Fleming, Seminole Co., Florida, on 6 Jul 1916.1,2� Married Name 2 Jan 1933� As of 2 Jan 1933, her married name was David.2� Marriage* 2 Jan 1933� She married Luther Marshall David on 2 Jan 1933 at age 16. Luther and Carolyn had three children: Luther Marshall David, Carole Louise David, and Peggy Lynn David.2� Married Name 1952� As of 1952, her married name was Fedders.2� Marriage* 1952� She married Warren G. Fedders at California in 1952.2� Death* before 1990� She died before 1990.2� Biography* � Loise has inherited the talents of her mother and both grandmothers and developed her skill in the Art Of Cooking. She takes top honors for being the Best Culinary Artist anywhere. Homemaker; Bookkeeper, Seaboard Oil Company; Clerk ACL Railroad Company; hostess, waitress, Owner and Manager of Ormondy House Restaurant, Ormond Beach, Florida. Retired.5� Luther Marshall David (say 1913 - ) Warren G. Fedders (17 Mar 1925 - 24 Dec 1957) Khadra Ann Culpepper Ward, Siegs in Eight Generations, Winter Park, Florida: Ward, 1976, Repository: LDS Family History Library - Salt Lake City, Call No. 929.273 Si15b. Carroll Wesley Culpepper Jr. Male, #36338, (17 Dec 1919 - 29 Apr 2000) Name Variation � He was also known as Pep.1� Birth* 17 Dec 1919� Carroll was born at Geneva, Seminole Co., Florida, on 17 Dec 1919.1,2� 1920 Census 1 Jan 1920� Carroll was listed as a son in Carroll Wesley Culpepper's household on the 1920 Census at Geneva, Seminole Co., Florida.3� 1930 Census 1 Apr 1930� Carroll, John and Vernon was listed as a son in an unknown person 's household on the 1930 Census at Geneva, Seminole Co., Florida.4,5� Death of Father 25 Nov 1934� His father Carroll Wesley Culpepper died on 25 Nov 1934 at Geneva, Seminole Co., Florida.6� World War II* between 1940 and 1945� He enlisted in Sanford, Seminole Co., Florida, and served in World War II between 1940 and 1945 (1940-1941, Served in Florida National Guard; 1941-1946, Served in U.S. Army. WW II, served in Philippines, Battle of Leyte, 96th Inf. Div. Served in Okinawa, Battle of Okinawa. Was scheduled for invasion of Japan when atomic bomb was dropped, which ended the war. Returned to civilian life in January, 1946.)7,8� Military service* between 1947 and 1949� January, 1947, enlisted in U.S. Air Corps as Staff Sergeant. Served overseas in Puerto Rico during 1948-1949.7� Marriage* 17 Dec 1950� He married Sara Jane Poole on 17 Dec 1950 at age 31.1� Korean War* between 1951 and 1952� He served in the Korean War between 1951 and 1952 (January, 1951 recalled to Commissioned service in grade of Captain.)9,7� Military service between 1952 and 1961� Served overseas in Japan, 1955-1959. September, 1961, retired from service in grade of Major. Awards and Decorations: Good Conduct Medal, Combat Infantry Badge, Presidential Unit Citation, Asiatic Pacific Theater Service Medal, bronze Star with Oak Leaf Cluster, WW II Victory Medal, American Theater Service Medal, Philippine Liberation Ribbon with two Bronze Stars. National Defense Service Medal.7� Biography* between 1961 and 1974� 1961-1969 worked with Vitro Services, a Division of Vitro Corp. of America, a contractor to U.S. Air Force, Cape San Blas, Florida.1970-1974, worked with Arizona Chemical Company, Panama City, Florida. retired, May 31, 1974.7� Death of Mother 26 Jun 1990� His mother Kitty Wells Seig died on 26 Jun 1990 at Altamonte Springs, Seminole Co., Florida.1� Death* 29 Apr 2000� He died at Panama City, Bay Co., Florida, on 29 Apr 2000 at age 80.2� Obituary* 30 Apr 2000� Mr. Carroll Wesley "Pep" Culpepper, 80, of Panama City, died Saturday, April 29, 2000, at a local Hospital. He had been a resident of the area since 1963, settling here after retirement. Mr. Culpepper served in the U.S. Army and the U.S. Air Force during World War II and in Korea. He retired as a major after 23 years of service. After retiring from the service he worked for Vitro Services at Cape San Blas and the Arizona Chemical Company. He was a member and deacon emeritus of the First Baptist Church of Panama City. Mr Culpepper is survived by his wife of 49 years, Sara Jane Culpepper of Panama City; daughters, Jane Culpepper of Lilburn, Ga., Shirley McConnon and her husband Ed of Acworth, Ga; sons, John Culpepper and his wife Becky of Lynn Haven, James Culpepper and his fiance Anita of Lynn Haven, Charles :Chuck: Culpepper and his wife Karla of Callaway; sisters, Khadra Ward of Winter Park, Margaret Wolcott of Oviedo; a brother, Col. Vernon Culpepper, retired, of San Antonio, Texas; 10 grandchildren: Lisa Whitaker, Tricia Culpepper, Allison and Melissa Culpepper, Jenni McConnon, Alan Culpepper, Cara Culpepper, Taylor, Destree, and Samuel Brown; and several nieces and nephews. He was preceded in death by a brother, John Culpepper; and a sister, Louise Feders. Funeral Services will be held at 11:00 a.m. Monday, May 1, 2000, at the Kent-Forest Lawn Funeral Home Chapel with the Rev. Craig Conner and the Rev. Bruce Raley officiating. Interment will follow at Forest Lawn Cemetery. Members of the Tyndall Air Force Base Honor Guard will serve as active pallbearers. Honorary pallbearers will include the deacons of First Baptist Church, members of the Willie Carter Sunday School Class and Dr. Bruce Josten. The family will receive friends at the funeral home one hour prior to service time. Kent-Forest Funeral Home, Panama City, Fla. 32402, 2403 Harrison Ave."9� Burial* circa 1 May 2000� His body was interred circa 1 May 2000 at Forest Lawn Memorial Cemetery, Bay Co., Florida.10� Sara Jane Poole (12 Sep 1917 - 17 Nov 2006) Jane Lynn Culpepper1 Shirley Culpepper1 John Carroll Culpepper1 James Craig Culpepper+11 Charles Wesley Culpepper1 National Archives and Records Administration, compiler, U.S. World War II Army Enlistment Records, 1938-1946, Online database at Ancestry.com, 2005. Carrol W Culpepper, White, Single, born 1919 in Florida, residing in Seminole Co., Florida, enlisted as a Private in the US Army on 25 Nov 1940 in Sanford, Florida. Obituary of Carroll Wesley "Pep" Culpepper (#36338), published 30 Apr 2000 in an unknown newspaper and provided by Linda Crompton. Kent-Forest Lawn Cemetery, 2403 Harrison Avenue, Panama City, Bay County, Florida ftp://ftp.rootsweb.com/pub/usgenweb/fl/bay/cemetery/kent.txt + Carroll W. Culpepper, 17 Dec 1919 - 29 Apr 2000, US Air Force, WW II, Korea. John Carroll Culpepper and Seleta Roseanne Simpson married 20 Dec 1975 in Bay Co., FL, Vol 3825, Cert 075452. E. C. Culpepper Male, #36343, (circa Sep 1917 - ) Father* John Wesley Culpepper (20 Jul 1880 - 20 Dec 1937) Mother* Ada (?) (c 1883 - 1928) Name Variation � He was also known as Pete.1� Birth* circa Sep 1917� E. was born at Cass Co., Texas, circa Sep 1917.2� 1920 Census 1 Jan 1920� E. was listed as a son in John Wesley Culpepper's household on the 1920 Census at Cass Co., Texas.2� 1930 Census 1 Apr 1930� E. was listed as a son in John Wesley Culpepper's household on the 1930 Census at Cass Co., Texas.1� Charts Joseph Culpepper of Morgan Co., GA: Descendant Chart ED 3, page 9A & 9B, Cass Co., TX Rent, Radio=N, Farm=Y John Culpepper, Head, M, 49, Wd, TX/TX/TX Pete Culpepper, Son, M 12, S, TX/TX/TX. ED 37, Sheet 13B, Pg 157, Cass Co., TX Own=Y, Farm=Y John W. Culpepper, Head, M, 39, M, TX AL AL, Farmer Ada (Doss) Culpepper, Wife, F, 37, M, MS MS MS Luther Doss, S-Son, M, 18, S, TX GA MS, Laborer-Mill Tom Doss, S-Son, M, 16, S, TX GA MS, Farmer Lessie M. Doss, S-Dau, F, 14, S, TX GA MS Alva Doss, S-Son, M, 12, S, TX GA MS, Laborer-House-Farm Gladys Doss, S-Dau, F, 7, S, TX GA MS E C Culpepper, Son, M, 2 3/12, sng, TX TX MS Robert H. Fretwell, Boarder, M, 73, sng, AL AL AL. William Leonidas Barron1 Male, #36344, (23 Feb 1879 - 9 Jul 1936) Father* William B. Barron (s 1849 - ) Mother* Ruth Ann Bonds (10 May 1844 - 28 Nov 1884) Birth* 23 Feb 1879� William was born at Haynesville, Claiborne Parish, Louisiana, on 23 Feb 1879.� Death of Mother 28 Nov 1884� His mother Ruth Ann Bonds died on 28 Nov 1884 at Haynesville, Claiborne Parish, Louisiana.2� Photographed* say 1901� He was photographed say 1901 at Cass Co., Texas.1 William Leonidas Barron Marriage* 15 Dec 1903� He married Ruth Ann Culpepper at Cass Co., Texas, on 15 Dec 1903. The Children of William Barron and Ruth Culpepper were: 1. Harvey Everett Barron, born 11 Oct 1905 in Marietta, Cass Co., TX, died 4 Aug 1969 in Marietta, Cass Co., TX and was buried in Oak Ridge Cemetery Marietta, Cass Co., TX. He married 3 Jul 1925 in Cass Co. TX, Bertha Boddie. Bertha was born 19 Feb 1908 in Marietta, Cass Co., TX, died 27 Sep 1992 in Pittsburg, Camp Co., TX and was buried in Oak Ridge Cemetery, Marietta, Cass Co., TX. Her parents were John Wesley Boddie and Elizabeth Jones. Children of Harvey and Bertha: 1.1 Wesley Lee Barron, born 28 May 1926 in Marietta, Cass Co., TX, died 25 Mar 1987 in Naples, Marion Co., TX and was buried in Oak Ridge Cemetery, Marietta, Cass 1.2 Elizabeth Jo Barron, born 31 Mar 1928 in Marietta, Cass Co., TX, died 18 Oct 1944 in Hooks, Bowie Co., TX and was buried in Oak Ridge Cemetery, Marietta, Cass Co., TX. 1.3 James Wesley Barron 1.4 Virginia Ruth Barron 1.5 Ennis Everett Barron 1.6 Carl Harvey Barron 1.7 Howard Eugene Barron 1.8 Larry Douglas Barron. 2. Mary Alice Barron, born 3 Oct 1908, died 30 Sep 1960 3. Daisy Ruth Barron, born 1 Jan 1912, died 13 Apr 1990 4. Sallie Mae Barron, born 12 May 1915, died 8 Aug 1981 5. Ruby Lee Barron, born 31 May 1917, died 5 Mar 1973 6. Lee Conrad Barron, born 10 Aug 1924, died 9 Oct 1977.3 William & Ruth Ann (Culpepper) Barron 1920 Census* 1 Jan 1920� William was listed as the head of a family on the 1920 Census at Cass Co., Texas.4� Death* 9 Jul 1936� He died at Marietta, Cass Co., Texas, on 9 Jul 1936 at age 57.� Burial* circa 11 Jul 1936� His body was interred circa 11 Jul 1936 at Oakridge Cemetery, Marietta, Cass Co., Texas.� Biography* � The Children of William Barron and Ruth Culpepper were: 6. Lee Conrad Barron, born 10 Aug 1924, died 9 Oct 1977.� Ruth Ann Culpepper (3 Mar 1885 - 5 Nov 1953) E-mail written Oct 2007 to Lew Griffin from Billy Don Hiles, is a desc/o #36311) Cathy Linda Hower Hiles (Her husband, Haltom City, TX, e-mail address. E-mail written October 2007 to Warren Culpepper from Cathy Linda Hower Hiles (husband Billy Hiles is a grandson of Ruth Ann Culpepper), Haltom City, Texas, e-mail address. source for photo. ED 37, Sheet 14B, Pg 158, Pct 3, Cass Co., TX William L. Barrow, Head, M, 41, M, LA AL GA, Blacksmith-Shop Ruth (Culpepper) Barrow, Wife, F, 35, M, TX AL AL Harvey E. Barrow, Son, M, 14, S, TX LA TX Mary A. Barrow, Dau, F, 12, S, TX LA TX Daisey R. Barrow, Dau, F, 8, S, TX LA TX Sallie M. Barrow, Dau, F, 5, S, TX LA TX Ruby L. Barrow, Dau, F, 3 3/12, S, TX LA TX Jim M. Culpepper, Brother-in-Law, M, 50, S, AL AL GA, Farmer. Laura Elizabeth Culpepper1 Female, #36345, (28 Dec 1906 - Mar 1984) Father* Howard D. Culpepper2 (Jan 1878 - 26 Oct 1942) Mother* Bonnie Gem Maples2 (21 Apr 1886 - 9 Jan 1972) Name Variation � She was also known as Bessie.2� Birth* 28 Dec 1906� Laura was born at Camilla, Mitchell Co., Georgia, on 28 Dec 1906.3� 1910 Census 15 Apr 1910� Laura and Johnnie was listed as a daughter in Howard D. Culpepper's household on the 1910 Census at Madison Co., Florida.4� 1920 Census 1 Jan 1920� Laura, Johnnie and Eunice was listed as a daughter in Howard D. Culpepper's household on the 1920 Census at Taylor Co., Florida.5� Married Name say 1924� As of say 1924, her married name was Denmark.� Marriage* say 1924� She married Oley Thomas Denmark say 1924.� Death of Father 26 Oct 1942� Her father Howard D. Culpepper died on 26 Oct 1942 at Florida.6� Death of Spouse Mar 1971� Her husband Oley Thomas Denmark died in Mar 1971 at Tampa, Hillsborough Co., Florida.3� Death of Mother 9 Jan 1972� Her mother Bonnie Gem Maples died on 9 Jan 1972 at Duval Co., Florida.7� Death* Mar 1984� She died at Tampa, Hillsborough Co., Florida, in Mar 1984 at age 77.3� Oley Thomas Denmark (18 May 1902 - Mar 1971) Charts John Culpepper of Jones Co., GA: Descendant Chart E-mail written 2002 to Lew Griffin from Robert Kelley. ED 90, Sheet 21B, Lines 63-67, Mosley Hall Precinct, Madison Co., FL Howard D. Culpepper, Head, M, 34, md 7yrs, GA/GA/GA, Turpentine Man Barney Culpepper, Wife, F, 26, md 7 yrs, GA/GA/GA Bessie Culpepper, Daughter, F, 3, S, GA/GA/GA Irene Culpepper, Daughter, F, 2, S, GA/GA/GA Inese Culpepper, Sister, F, 13, S, GA/GA/GA (Since Howard's parents were too old to have had a daughter this age, Inese was probably Howard's sister-in-law and not really named Culpepper.). Bonnie Culpepper, Wife, F, 26, md 7 yrs, GA/GA/GA Inese Culpepper (sic), Sister (sic), F, 13, S, GA/GA/GA (Inez Maples, Bonnie's sister). Page: 23A, ED: 166, Image: 1099 (17 Feb 1920), Waylonzo, Taylor Co., FL Howard D. Culpepper, HH, M, W, 41, M, GA/GA/GA Bonnie Culpepper, Wife, F, W, 32, M, GA/GA/GA Jessie Culpepper, Dau, F, W, 13, S, GA/GA/GA Irene Culpepper, Dau, F, W, 11, S, GA/GA/GA Spence Culpepper, Son, M, W, 8, S, GA/GA/GA Wilson Culpepper, Son, M, W, 5, S, GA/GA/GA Eunice Culpepper, Dau, F, W, 3 1/12, S, GA/GA/GA. Howard D. Culpepper, d. 26 Oct 1942 at 65 years in Florida. Bonnie Gem Culpepper, Duval Co., FL, White, 21 Apr 1886 - 09 Jan 1972. Johnnie Irene Culpepper1,2 Female, #36346, (22 Nov 1908 - 10 Apr 2001) Birth* 22 Nov 1908� Johnnie was born at Madison Co., Florida, on 22 Nov 1908.4� Married Name say 1926� As of say 1926, her married name was Kilcrease.� Marriage* say 1926� She married Lemmie Hiram Kilcrease say 1926.� Death of Spouse 15 Jan 1950� Her husband Lemmie Hiram Kilcrease died on 15 Jan 1950.� Death* 10 Apr 2001� She died at Jacksonville, Duval Co., Florida, on 10 Apr 2001 at age 92.4� Lemmie Hiram Kilcrease (say 1907 - 15 Jan 1950) E-mail written Sep 2005 to Warren Culpepper from Mary Nell Culpepper Taylor, Jacksonville, Florida, e-mail address. Spence Culpepper1 Female, #36347, (circa 1911 - before 2005) Birth* circa 1911� Spence was born at Florida circa 1911.1� 1920 Census 1 Jan 1920� Spence and Woodrow was listed as a son in Howard D. Culpepper's household on the 1920 Census at Taylor Co., Florida.1� Married Name say 1929� As of say 1929, her married name was McLeod.2� Marriage* say 1929� She married (?) McLeod say 1929.2� (?) McLeod (say 1908 - ) Woodrow Wilson Culpepper1,2 Male, #36348, (25 Sep 1914 - 20 Jan 1989) Birth* 25 Sep 1914� Woodrow was born at Florida on 25 Sep 1914.3,2,4� 1930 Census 1 Apr 1930� Woodrow was listed as a son in Howard D. Culpepper's household on the 1930 Census at Perry, Taylor Co., Florida.5� Marriage* say 1935� He married Myrtis (?) say 1935.6� SSN* between 1936 and 1950� His Social Security Number was issued between 1936 and 1950 in Florida.4� Death of Father 26 Oct 1942� His father Howard D. Culpepper died on 26 Oct 1942 at Florida.7� Divorce* 1944� He and Myrtis (?) were divorced in 1944 at Taylor Co., Florida.6� Marriage* say 1945� He married Ann (?) say 1945.8� Divorce* 1951� He and Ann (?) were divorced in 1951 at Clay Co., Florida.8� Marriage* 5 May 1951� He married Nell Elizabeth Yochem on 5 May 1951 at age 36.9� Death of Mother 9 Jan 1972� His mother Bonnie Gem Maples died on 9 Jan 1972 at Duval Co., Florida.10� Death* 20 Jan 1989� He died at Jacksonville, Duval Co., Florida, on 20 Jan 1989 at age 74.2,4� Myrtis (?) (say 1917 - ) Ann (?) (say 1920 - ) Nell Elizabeth Yochem (8 Jun 1921 - 3 Mar 2006) Woodrow Wilson Culpepper Jr.+11 Mary Nell Culpepper9 Nancy Catherine Culpepper9 Woodrow Wilson Culpepper, Cert 4134, Duval Co., FL, White, 25 Sep 1914 - 20 Jan 1989. ED 61-1, Sheet 4A, Lines 43-48, 700 Washington St., Perry, Taylor Co., FL Rent=$8, Radio=N, Farm=N Howard Culpepper, Head, M, W, 52, md@28, GA/GA/GA, No job, Vet=N Bonnie Culpepper, Wife, F, W, 43, md@18, GA/GA/GA Wilson Culpepper, Son, M, W, 15, Sng, GA/GA/GA, Helper/Pressing Club Eunice Culpepper, Dau, F, W, 13, Sng, GA/GA/GA Nannie Kate Culpepper, Dau, F, W, 10, Sng, GA/GA/GA Virginia Culpepper, Dau, F, W, 6, Sng, FL/GA/GA. Florida Department of Health, compiler, Florida Divorce Index, 1927-2001, Online database at Ancestry.com, 2005. http://content.ancestry.com/Browse/list.aspx?dbid=8837&path= Woodwin W Culpepper and Myrtis Culpepper divorced in 1944 in Taylor Co., Florida. Woodrow Wilson Culpepper and Ann Culpepper divorced in 1951 in Clay Co., Florida. Woodrow W Culpepper and Karen Culpepper divorced on 23 Feb 2001 in Duval Co., Florida. Eunice Culpepper1 Female, #36349, (circa Nov 1916 - before 2005) Birth* circa Nov 1916� Eunice was born at Florida circa Nov 1916.1� 1930 Census 1 Apr 1930� Eunice and Nannie was listed as a daughter in Howard D. Culpepper's household on the 1930 Census at Perry, Taylor Co., Florida.2� Married Name say 1934� As of say 1934, her married name was Waters.3� Marriage* say 1934� She married (?) Waters say 1934.3� (?) Waters (say 1913 - ) J. D. McClure Male, #36350, (say 1896 - ) Birth* say 1896� J. was born say 1896.� Marriage* say 1925� He married Janie Culpepper say 1925.� Janie Culpepper (21 Aug 1898 - Dec 1985) Arthur Culpepper Male, #36351, (27 Jul 1877 - 22 Aug 1878) Father* William Henry Culpepper (28 Jul 1841 - 30 Jun 1925) Mother* Ellen Nora Biggs (11 Aug 1847 - 5 Oct 1926) Birth* 27 Jul 1877� Arthur was born at Talbot Co., Georgia, on 27 Jul 1877.1� Death* 22 Aug 1878� He died at Talbot Co., Georgia, on 22 Aug 1878 at age 1.1� Burial* circa 23 Aug 1878� His body was interred circa 23 Aug 1878 at Culpepper Cemetery, Talbot Co., Georgia.1� Charts Benjamin (son of Robert) Culpepper of Edgecombe Co., NC: Descendant Chart http://ftp.rootsweb.com/pub/usgenweb/ga/talbot/cemeteries/culpepper.txt Elisha Culpepper Family Cemetery, Talbot Co., GA + Arthur Culpepper, 27 Jul 1877 - 22 Aug 1878. Ellie B. Culpepper Female, #36352, (8 Jul 1886 - 8 Aug 1887) Birth* 8 Jul 1886� Ellie was born at Talbot Co., Georgia, on 8 Jul 1886.1� Death* 8 Aug 1887� She died at Talbot Co., Georgia, on 8 Aug 1887 at age 1.1� Burial* circa 9 Aug 1887� Her body was interred circa 9 Aug 1887 at Culpepper Cemetery, Talbot Co., Georgia.1� + Ellie B. Culpepper, 8 Jul 1886 - 8 Aug 1887. Nancy Alice Culpepper1 Female, #36353, (21 Jan 1845 - before 1 Jun 1850) Father* Elisha Culpepper of Talbot Co., GA (18 Jul 1812 - 20 Mar 1875) Mother* Elizabeth Harris (21 Sep 1819 - 1892) Birth* 21 Jan 1845� Nancy was born at Talbot Co., Georgia, on 21 Jan 1845.2� Death* before 1 Jun 1850� She died before 1 Jun 1850.� William H. Davidson, A Rockaway in Talbot, Travels in an Old Georgia County, West Point, GA: Hester Print, 1983. Sarah Ann Eliza Culpepper1 Female, #36354, (11 Mar 1854 - after 1 Apr 1930) Birth* 11 Mar 1854� Sarah was born at Talbot Co., Georgia, on 11 Mar 1854.� 1860 Census 1 Jun 1860� Elizabeth, Thomas, William, Mary, Jane, John, Nathan, Sarah and Elisha listed as a household member living with Elisha Culpepper of Talbot Co., GA in the 1860 Census at Talbot Co., Georgia.2� 1870 Census 1 Jun 1870� Elizabeth, Mary, Jane, John, Nathan, Sarah, Elisha, Francis, Frances, Emmette and Louda listed as a household member living with Elisha Culpepper of Talbot Co., GA on the 1870 Census at Talbot Co., Georgia.3� 1880 Census 1 Jun 1880� Jane, Sarah and Mary was listed as a daughter in Elizabeth Harris's household on the 1880 Census at Talbot Co., Georgia.4� 1900 Census 1 Jun 1900� Mary and Sarah was listed as a sister in Francis Bartow Culpepper's household on the 1900 Census at O'Neals District, Talbot Co., Georgia.5� 1910 Census 15 Apr 1910� Mary and Sarah was listed as a sister in Elisha Pryor Culpepper's household on the 1910 Census at O'Neals District, Talbot Co., Georgia.� 1920 Census 1 Jan 1920� Mary and Sarah was listed as a sister in John W. Culpepper's household on the 1920 Census at O'Neals District, Talbot Co., Georgia.6� 1930 Census 1 Apr 1930� Sarah was listed as a sister in Francis Bartow Culpepper's household on the 1930 Census at O'Neals District, Talbot Co., Georgia.7� Death* after 1 Apr 1930� She died after 1 Apr 1930.� Page 632, Family 546, Centre PO, Talbot Co., GA Elisha Culpepper, 48, M, Farmer, $1600/$7980, GA Eliza Culpepper, 39, F, GA Thomas Culpepper, 21, M, GA William Culpepper, 19, M, GA Mary Culpepper, 16, F, GA Jane Culpepper, 13, F, GA John Culpepper, 12, M, GA Gardner Culpepper, 9, M, GA Sarah E. Culpepper, 7, F, GA Elisha P. Culpepper, 2, M, GA. Page 123B, Family 1292, Talbotton PO, O'Neills District, Talbot Co., GA Gardner Culpepper, 19, M, GA Sarah Culpepper, 16, F, GA Prier Culpepper, 12, M, GA Barto Culpepper, 9, M, GA Frances Culpepper, 31, F, GA Emmett Culpepper, 4, M, GA Ludy Culpepper, 2, M, GA. Page 230A, ED 120, District 894, Talbot Co., GA Eliza Culpepper, Self, F, , 65, Farmer, GA/GA/GA Mary Culpepper, Dau, F, S, 37, At Home, GA/GA/GA Jane Culpepper, Dau, F, S, 32, At Home, GA/GA/GA John Culpepper, Son, M, S, 30, Farmer, GA/GA/GA Gardner Culpepper, Son, M, S, 27, Farmer, GA/GA/GA Sarah Culpepper, Dau, F, S, 24, At Home, GA/GA/GA Pryor Culpepper, Son, M, S, 21, Farmer, GA/GA/GA Bartow Culpepper, Son, M, S, 17, Laborer, GA/GA/GA. ED 59, Page 111B (5), Family 80, District 894 O'neil, Talbot Co., GA Bartow Culpepper, Head, M, Jan 1861, 39, S, GA/GA/GA, Farmer Pryor Culpepper, Brother, M, Oct 1858, 41, S, GA/GA/GA, Farm laborer Mary Culpepper, Sister, F, Apr 1843, 57, S, GA/GA/GA, Landlord Sarah Culpepper, Sister, F, Mar 1854, 46, S, GA/GA/GA, Landlord. ED 129, Page 9B, Lines 76-80, Waverly Hall Rd, O'Neals District, Talbot Co., GA John Culpepper, Head, M, 69, Sng, GA/GA/GA, Farmer Mary Culpepper, Sister, F, 75, Sng, GA/GA/GA Sara Culpepper, Sister, F, 63, Sng, GA/GA/GA Pryor Culpepper, Brother, M, 61, Sng, GA/GA/GA, Farmer Barton Culpepper, Brother, M, 59, Sng, GA/GA/GA, Farmer. ED 13, page 8A, Farm Road, O'Neals District, Talbot Co., GA Owns, Radio=N, Farm=Y F. Bartow Culpepper, Head, M, 69, S, GA/GA/GA, Farmer Eliah P. Culpepper, Brother, M, 72, S, GA/GA/GA, Farmer Sarah Culpepper, Sister, F, 75, S, GA/GA/GA. Ann Culpepper Father* William Culpepper of Norfolk Co., VA (c 1732 - bt 1785 - 1790) Mother* Mary (?) (s 1734 - ) Birth* say 1769� Ann was born at Norfolk Co., Virginia, say 1769.� Census 1782� She was/were probably enumerated in the census report at Norfolk Co., Virginia, in 1782.1� Marriage* 11 Aug 1790� She married William Carter at Norfolk Co., Virginia, on 11 Aug 1790. Rev. Arthur Emmerson II, as minister, performed the marriage. Zodach Carter stands surety and makes oath that Ann is the orphan of William Culpepper of Norfolk Co., VA, deceased, and is of lawful age.2� Married Name 11 Aug 1790� As of 11 Aug 1790, her married name was Carter.� Biography* � (an unknown value.)� William Carter (say 1767 - ) Charts Henry Culpepper Jr. of Norfolk Co., VA: Descendant Chart Peter Smith, The Lower Norfolk County Virginia Antiquarian, NY, 1951. Vol. 5, pp. 134-135. (A list of the families of Whites & blacks thats on the south side of Western branch as fear as new Mill Creek. Taking by Wm Booker.) William Culpepper, 5 White, 0 Black. Virginia) Daughters of the American Revolution. Fort Nelson Chapter (Portsmouth, Marriage Bonds of Norfolk County, Virginia, Oct. 5, 1706 - Dec. 31, 1850, Salt Lake City, Utah: Genealogical Society of Utah , 1970, Repository: LDS Family History Library - Salt Lake City, Call No. US/CAN Film 850091 Item 4. Ann Culpepper and William Carter married in Norfolk Co., VA, on 11 Aug 1790, Zadock Carter, surety, makes oath that Ann, the orphan of William Culpepper, deceased, is of lawful age. Arthur Emmerson, minister. William Carter Birth* say 1767� William was born at Virginia say 1767.� Marriage* 11 Aug 1790� He married Ann Culpepper at Norfolk Co., Virginia, on 11 Aug 1790. Rev. Arthur Emmerson II, as minister, performed the marriage. Zodach Carter stands surety and makes oath that Ann is the orphan of William Culpepper of Norfolk Co., VA, deceased, and is of lawful age.1� Deed 10 Jan 1797� He was an adjacent landowner in the deed granted by Robert Culpepper of Norfolk Co., VA and Patsy Culpepper on 10 Jan 1797 at Norfolk Co., Virginia, 10 Jan 1797 -- Deed Bk 37, p 65. Robert and Patsey Culpepper to John Kearnes for £16, 100 acres on Deep Creek bounding Farley, John Culpepper and the previous deed (Bk 37 p 30), Robert Culpepper, and William Carter, it being 100 acres of the 200 acres willed to me by my father Thomas Culpepper which he bought from David Deale. Wit: William Moore, Ralph Pigot, John Brooks.2� Ann Culpepper (say 1769 - ) Norfolk Co, VA Deeds, . Argea Culpepper Father* Reuben Culpepper (c 1741 - c 1779) Birth* say 1775� Argea was born at Norfolk Co., Virginia, say 1775.� Marriage* 20 Nov 1796� She married Gordon Bennett at Norfolk Co., Virginia, on 20 Nov 1796. Rev. Arthur Emmerson II, as minister, performed the marriage. William Crocker was the surety affirming that there was no moral or legal reason why the couple could not be married.1� Married Name 20 Nov 1796� As of 20 Nov 1796, her married name was Bennett.� Gordon Bennett (say 1772 - ) Charts Robert Culpepper Jr. of Lower Norfolk Co., VA: Descendant Chart Last Edited 6 Oct 2011 Argea Culpepper and Pardon Bennett married in Norfolk Co., VA, on 20 Nov 1796, William Crocker (Argea's brother-in-law), surety, married by Rev. Arthur Emmerson, who records "Gordon Bennett." Birth* say 1772� Gordon was born at Virginia say 1772.� Marriage* 20 Nov 1796� He married Argea Culpepper at Norfolk Co., Virginia, on 20 Nov 1796. Rev. Arthur Emmerson II, as minister, performed the marriage. William Crocker was the surety affirming that there was no moral or legal reason why the couple could not be married.1� Argea Culpepper (say 1775 - ) Israel Charles Culpeper of India1 Male, #36359, (1853 - ) Father* Charles Culpeper of India2 (1813 - ) Mother* Catherine Duff of India2 (s 1813 - ) DNA* � From DNA and genealogical evidence we conclude that Israel Charles Culpeper of India is a member of the International branch whose most recent common ancestor is either William Culpeper of Hunton and Wigsell, or the Rev. William Culpeper of Barbados.� Name-AltSpell � This surname is sometimes spelled Culpepper.� Name-AltSpell � This surname is sometimes spelled Colepeper.� Birth* 1853� Israel was born at Orissa, India, in 1853.2� Marriage* 1874� He married Sarah Elizabeth Ensell of India at India in 1874.2� Biography* � Roy Culpeper, of Canada, has provided the following account of his family (Nov 1998): "My branch of the family migrated to India probably in the mid 18th century with the East India Company. I suspect they settled in Madras and migrated up the east coast. My great-grandfather Charles Israel Culpeper and his son, my grandfather Ernest, were both born in Orissa. My grandfather moved to Karachi when a young man and married my grandmother Helen. Papa Ernie died in 1976 and my grandmother in 1983. My father Ronald was born in Karachi in 1920, married my mother Audrey in 1946, and they had two sons -- I was born in 1947 and my brother Paul in 1953. By then my family had left Pakistan, moving first to England and then (1959) to Toronto, Canada, where I grew up. In December 1999, Roy added the following additional information: "I remember my grandfather (Ernest, born in Orissa 1896) tracing his genealogy back to an Edmund Culpeper, who arrived in India with Clive's army and who married a native Indian woman -- I think her name was Joanna. I cannot say whether this is true or not -- my grandfather obtained this information from a genealogist in England in the 1960s. "If his information is true, my ancestors subsequently settled in Madras in the late 1700s and subsequent generations migrated northeastwards up the coast to Orissa (a town called Gopalpur-on-sea). I know that some of my relatives are still in Orissa and Calcutta to this day -- I met them in the 1970s when I went to India to do research for my doctoral dissertation." In March 2010, Cathy Culpeper, Roy's wife, further added: "Israel settled in Gopalpur on Sea after marriage and was employed as a shipping agent, managing the shipping traffic for his firm, between British India and Burma."� Birth of Son 1885� His son Charles MacDonald Culpeper of India and Burma was born in 1885 at India.2� Birth of Son 1889� His son Arthur M. Culpeper of India was born in 1889 at India.2� Birth of Son 1893� His son Arthur Richard Culpeper of India & Australia was born in 1893 at India.2� Birth of Son 1897� His son Ernest Hope Culpeper of India was born in 1897 at Orissa, India.2� Birth of Son 1900� His son Henry Lionel Culpeper of India was born in 1900 at India.2� Burial* � His body was interred at Church of England Cemetery, Gopalpur-on-Sea, Ganjam District, Orissa, India.3� Sarah Elizabeth Ensell of India (11 Nov 1859 - ) Gertrude M. Culpeper of India2 (1875 - ) Mary Rivamund Culpeper of India2 (1876 - ) Josephine Anne Culpeper of India2 (1878 - ) Charles MacDonald Culpeper of India and Burma+2 (1885 - ) Arthur M. Culpeper of India2 (1889 - 1889) Arthur Richard Culpeper of India & Australia+ (1893 - 1967) Ernest Hope Culpeper of India+ (1897 - 1976) Henry Lionel Culpeper of India+2 (1900 - ) Charts The Culpepers of India, Australia and Canada: Descendant Chart E-mail written 1998 to Lew Griffin from Roy Culpeper (#36364), Canada, e-mail address. E-mail written 28 Jul 2003, 30 Apr 2017 to Warren Culpepper from Barbara Angelica Culpeper Mallet (#48073), Australia (A comprehensive genealogy of the Culpepers of India descending from Charles Culpepper, born circa 1758. Records assembled by Richard Culpeper from the Oriental Records at the British Library.), e-mail address. E-mail written Mar 2010 to Warren L. Culpepper from Cathy Culpeper (#61317), Canada, e-mail address. Ernest Hope Culpeper of India1,2 Male, #36360, (1897 - 1976) Father* Israel Charles Culpeper of India (1853 - ) Mother* Sarah Elizabeth Ensell of India (11 Nov 1859 - ) Birth* 1897� Ernest was born at Orissa, India, in 1897.2� Marriage* 1918� He married Helen Rebeiro of India at Karachi, Pakistan, in 1918.3� Biography* � In 6 Aug 2003, Barbara Culpeper Mallett wrote: "Uncle Ernie actually did return to India (Gopalpur) and spent his last days there. Disappeared from his home in Canada, and finally found in India!"4� Birth of Son 1919� His son Leslie Culpeper of Canada was born in 1919 at Karachi, Pakistan.2,5,3� Birth of Son 1920� His son Ronald Culpeper of Pakistan and Canada was born in 1920 at Karachi, Pakistan.� Relocation say 1950� He, accompanied by family member(s) Helen Rebeiro of India, relocated say 1950 at England.1� Relocation 1968� He relocated in 1968 at Deep River, Ontario, Canada,1� Relocation* 1972� He relocated in 1972 at Gopalpur-on-Sea, Ganjam District, Orissa, India,3� Death* 1976� He died at Gopalpur-on-Sea, Ganjam District, Orissa, India, in 1976.1� Burial* 1976� His body was interred in 1976 at Church of England Cemetery, Gopalpur-on-Sea, Ganjam District, Orissa, India. He is buried next to his parents..3� Helen Rebeiro of India (1901 - 1983) Leslie Culpeper of Canada 2 (1919 - 21 Oct 2010) Ronald Culpeper of Pakistan and Canada+ (1920 - 1980) Last Edited 12 Jul 2011 Details from followup message on 6 Aug 2003. Toronto Star, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. http://www.thestar.com/ Obituary of Leslie Culpeper (#48085), published 23 Oct 2010.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1085
__label__wiki	0.568204	0.568204	What is NPS? Energy / Oil & Gas Production InterOil Corporation Net Promoter Score 2020 Benchmarks Estimated Net Promoter Score is InterOil Corporation is a fossil fuel company with a primary focus on Papua New Guinea. InterOil’s assets include one of Asia’s largest undeveloped gas fields, Elk-Antelope, in the Gulf Province. The company employs more than 2000 staff and contractors. Its main offices are in Singapore and Port Moresby. InterOil was formed in 1997 and is incorporated in Canada. The company is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and the Port Moresby Stock Exchange. It has a market capitalization of $2.8 billion. On February 17, InterOil announced its onshore Antelope-5 appraisal well found a reservoir in Papua New Guinea’s Gulf Province. On July 21, 2016, ExxonMobil announced its intent to acquire InterOil for $2.5 billion. It has the following assets: − Exploration: Oil & Gas Exploration licenses to 3.9 million acres − Development: Elk-Antelope in Petroleum Retention License 15, being developed as PNG’s second major LNG project with supermajor Total and Oil Search Quick facts about InterOil Corporation Michael Hession Chief Executive Officer Don Spector Chief Financial Officer Jon Ozturgut Chief Commercial Officer Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea; Singapore www.interoil.com (NYSE: IOC) Net Promoter Score for Top Brands compared with InterOil Corporation What is Net Promoter Score? NPS is a customer loyalty metric that measures customers’ willingness to not only return for another purchase or service but also make a recommendation to their family, friends or colleagues. It is a powerful and effective technique, which can greatly increase a company's revenue if used properly. The main advantages of NPS are close correlation with a company's growth and easy collection, interpretation and communication of the data. Learn more about NPS Is InterOil Corporation's estimated NPS of 4 considered to be good? Net Promoter Score is a number from -100 from 100. Scores higher than 0 are typically considered to be good and scores above 50 are considered to be excellent. The industry average for Energy / Oil & Gas Production is 0. Browse NPS benchmarks Customer.guru NPS e-mail survey How to understand the NPS benchmarks The final Net Promoter Score of a company strongly depends on a context in which the satisfaction is measured. Consider an example: If InterOil Corporation sends out NPS surveys immediately after purchase, they are tracking their customers' initial excitement and the checkout experience. On the other hand, if they survey their customers a few weeks after the purchase they are also tracking how satisfied their customers are with their products and services over time. Therefore, comparing the NPS score of InterOil Corporation with your own without any further context is not that useful. What is extremely useful though, is using the NPS methodology to track the satisfaction of your customers over time. That's where Customer.guru comes in. Track Segmented Customer Satisfaction with Customer.guru How are your customers satisfied depending on: what products they purchased when they placed their order what number of orders they made? Sign up for free setup takes just 5 minutes Other companies with Net Promoter Score similar to InterOil Corporation Discovery Channel Consumer Brands / Entertainment 4 Super 8 Travel and Hospitality / Hotels 4 Total Fitness Other 4 U.S. Bank Financial Services / Banking 3 NatWest Personal Banking Financial Services / Banking 5 Sprint Telecommunications / Wireless Carrier 5 EE Telecommunications / Wireless Carrier 5 Goldman Sachs Financial Services / Banking 5 Freeview Telecommunications / Cable/TV service 5 Mastercard Financial Services / Credit cards 5 We have estimated the Net Promoter Score of InterOil Corporation based on the publicly available information including the sentiment of the company-related tweets, 3rd party reviews, and Alexa ratings. Do you think this information is incorrect? Report incorrect information. Do you have more accurate data? Submit NPS score. Fortune 500 NPS Top brands NPS NPS for NASDAQ NPS for AMEX NPS for NYSE Net Promoter Score, NPS, and Net Promoter System are registered trademarks of Bain & Company, Inc., Fred Reichheld and Satmetrix Systems, Inc. Copyright © 2020 Customer.guru. Questions? Let us know at hello@customer.guru.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1088
__label__wiki	0.569398	0.569398	THE LAST OF ROBIN HOOD (2013) January 10, 2020 January 3, 2020 ~ jbg Written & Directed By: Richard Glatzer & Wash Westmoreland Cinematography By: Michael Simmonds Editor: Robin Katz Cast: Kevin Kilne, Susan Sarandon, Dakota Fanning, Max Caseslla, Bryan Batt, Sean Flynn The true story of Beverly Aadland, a teen starlet who became the last girlfriend of legendary swashbuckler Errol Flynn… While this plays as a great behind the scenes look at a scandal. It never manages to rise to a respectable manner and always feels tawdry and sleazy. Even if the actors are top knotch and try to raise the material higher. It feels not necessarily disrespectful but a tabloid tale brought to life. Where we get more of a tale of a determined stage mother willing to sacrifice everything for her daughter to find fame. Though strangely more at her daughters expense. The film provides a certain aspect to some part of the trivia and legend of Errol Flynn especially in his last years. That makes the film seem like a partial lost romance. That seems like a fling and fascination. Blowing it up as more of a kind of reenactment and explanation. While based loosely on known or certain facts. while tearing down his character to at least Present him As spoiled and selfish yet charming and human I will admit, I have seen Errol Flynn portrayed on film or movies about him. Then I have actually seen films he starred in or otherwise. So I am more familiar with his legend and stories then his cinema or talent. While it might provide a certain education to those longing for Hollywood history in live action and shines a light on a common told tale, only here we see the more intimate details while not being graphic. It recreates period not as grand and magical as commonly it feels more fact based as it shows more the minutae and small scale. Though always having overwhelmingly bright lights. We’ve seen betrayals of predatory stage mothers. Here brought to life by Susan Sarandon. Who seems more basic here as she seems to try more a closed off character. She hasn’t played as much in her career more manipulative and not as kind hearted. Kevin Kline while not overwhelming is one of the reasons to see the film. It’s always nice to see him on the big screen and especially in a leading role. While not as likeable and animated as usual still showcases his own charm. While also inhabiting a living legend and the legend charm. Playing him as a man who’s Seems like a perfect party host and the dinner party guest. Rather then an actor luckily he has classics under his belt as his personal life and reputation have taken over and being noted for that rather then his actual talent It also shines alight on Flynn’s what it seems a weakness or it seems a commonality with certain stars including Charlie Chaplin that had a weakness for young underage girls. He seems to get a pass. Looking back though most would agree a pedophile and might find it uncomfortable to see it played as more a romance rather then it’s obvious creepiness and distasteful manner, but i am not here to play a moralist. As their legends seen to stay and audiences and fans turn a blind eye. Offering the excuse it was a different time. The film plays more melodramatic and slow. It never catches fire and move full speed ahead. It just seems to move along predictable. Nothing really interesting or exciting ever comes about. Though tries to tie itself to the time period with the use of stock footage and rear projection. Dakota Fanning is working her way more into older roles. Though a seduction and romance with sex involved, we never see her graphically shown and is kept relatively clean and put more on screen. Though moving in into roles she has talent for. Though leaves you still wondering when she won’t seem like a teenage playing dress up. Also unbelievable in the film is that the father in one scene would protest against and then so willingly cut loose his family. Only a few minutes later, feels false especially with little to no build up. Nor even hints. It could have easily been explored more or come up with a reason for. Feels like the stuff of TV movies. Or a mid-budgeted TRUE HOLLYWOOD TALES with actual stars. Which would be easy to compare to modern day versions, some might say like Kris Kardashian with her family. Though the film shows the wear and tear of the relationship as well as her waining interest and boredom. In the end it plays as a love story told by the mother more, but we see the parts she might not have been a part of, thought that is what the role in particular call for here. It seems everyone here seems to be their own worst enemy, only Beverly comes off as sympathetic. Flynn comes off as sad and delusional. Grasping at past glory on the road to hell and knowing it. Knowing his actions are wrong, but with limited time and wants as much pleasure as can before the end. Luckily the film doesn’t play as a fantasy. It shows the highs and lows, challenges and hardships. We are let in though never have things explained to us. The full complexities are not an exact science. The film’s real-life character, Ronnie Shedio, served as a personal assistant to Errol Flynn and also as a consultant to the movie’s directors before his death in 2007. Co-director/co-writer Richard Glatzer developed a neurological disorder depriving him of speech during the making of the movie and had to speak by using his iPad. It took Glatzer and partner Wash Westmoreland 10 years to track down the interview tapes Florence Aadland had made for her book The Big Love’. I just have to add Kevin Kline is just one of those actors who is the last of a dying breed. There are very few left, who you or at least I will watch in anything no matter how bad the films sounds or looks. Just to watch his performance. Which will usually be energetic and entertaining. Though these days in most roles he sounds more intellectual. He is an underused asset and usually the best thing and performance in disappointing films like THE EXTRA MAN, FRENCH KISS, I LOVE YOU TO DEATH and FIERCE CREATURES even the saving graces in dreadful films such as NO STRINGS ATTACHED, WILD WILD WEST (which really seemed to damage his career as he wasn’t exactly in that many movies at the time either) and LAST VEGAS. I can’t say he is my favorite leading man but he is one of my favorites. The only one I will go out of my way to see. As other then charm even playing dispicible characters you never know what you are going to exactly get from him. Not an actor who is easy to read, yet never feels like he is doing things to be wacky or draw attention to himself or performance. He makes it all look natural and organic. Been a fan since SILVERADO and A FISH CALLED WANDA. I was reminded of this as Watching him in THE LAST OF ROBIN HOOD. Which is almost like a continuation of his portrayal of Errol Flynn in CHAPLIN. Less spirited and more remorseful here as he and the actor he portrays are both older and later in life. Like the matinee idol he plays here he reminds one of the classic leading man type energetic, literate, charming, tough, handsome witty and tall. He is the full package and while easily could come off as a wasp. Seems much deeper than his presentation. Just as others see Tom Hanks as a leading man every man, Who they admire and would want to hang out with. No insult intended I always saw Kevin Kline as that type also, though he is more type cast as a wasp and rarely gets to show his range as much. He always has star quality and a positive personality. He has the looks, the physicality and the diction. That makes him remind you of the classic star, Leading man of yesteryear. Kevin Kline worked with a trainer 3 hours a day in order to give himself the physical look in order to portray the physically fit, 18+ years younger Errol Flynn of the time period in the movie Posted in Movie Review 2013Bryan BrattComedyDakota FanningKevin KlineMax CasellaRichard GlatzerSusan SarandonWash Westmoreland ‹ PreviousTHE SAMARITAN (2012) Next ›CADDYSHACK 2 (1988)	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1089
__label__wiki	0.776894	0.776894	Baku- Ganja- Nakhcivan- Shirvan- Sheki- Share With Us Confidentially Cotton workers didn’t know they were standing in poison Authors: ifact.ge Originally published by iFact.ge Elnara Hasanova was pulling weeds in the Saatli cotton fields in Azerbaijan. Her daily pay was 10 manat (about $US 5.80). She says she was working about 12-14 hours a day. In the late afternoon of June 10, the boss told her to move to another field. He didn’t tell her weed killer had been spread between the plants. “I started feeling dizzy and nauseated,” she remembers. “I passed out. When I woke up, I was in the hospital.” “Some of them were unconscious, some of them were vomiting, and some were foaming at the mouth,” said Hagigat Mammadova, who was working in an adjacent field where no weed killer was put down that day. “I went to help them until the emergency vehicles came to take them to the hospital. “Fifteen minutes later, I felt a spasm in my stomach, then nausea and dizziness. I lost consciousness. When I woke up, I was in the hospital connected to a drip. Apparently I was poisoned just from the clothes of the other workers.” She says she still has numbness in one of her arms. Hagigat Mammadova still has numbness in one arm On June 10, about 25 cotton workers were poisoned in fields in Saatli district. On June 19, another 80 workers were poisoned in a cotton field in Imishli region Nobody died. Some workers were sent to Baku and hospitalized for up to three days. The ones treated in Saatli received liquid drips, shots, and had their bowels evacuated. They were able to return home. Photos taken at the Saatli fields show canisters of Rifle 48 EC. Its active ingredient is Trifluralin, which is popular with growers because it begins killing weeds upon contact. Trifluralin has been banned by the European Union since 2008. It is still used in Turkey, the United States and Canada, but should only be handled by workers covered head-to-toe in expensive protective clothing. Hasanova and other workers were protected only by long sleeve shirts, cloth gloves and scarves to cover their faces. She says they never were warned of potential danger. Pulling weeds without gloves in an Imishli field Comeback for cotton For President Ilham Aliyev, the goal was clear. Azerbaijan produced a million tons of cotton in 1981 when his father Heydar Aliyev was ruling the region for the Soviet Union. Speaking this March 26 at a cotton-growing conference in the western Barda region, Aliyev proudly stated that his father’s cotton legacy was reborn. He said that thanks to his new government program, production had jumped from 35,000 tons in 2015 to 207,000 tons in 2017. Aliyev did say there were still problems with pesticides used to kill weeds and insects. “The quality was sometimes not at the proper level last year, and this had a very negative impact on yields,” Aliyev told the conference. “There should be very rigorous control over this. “If we consider that Azerbaijan has already launched local production in this area, I am sure there will be no problems here in the future.” At least one of the pesticides photographed by iFact.ge on a recent visit to the Imishli fields was an insect killer called Megasun 20 Sp. Its cellophane packaging was clearly labeled: “Gilan Holding” and “Made in Azerbaijan”. The label also warned nobody should be exposed until 24 hours after it was put down, and that contact with skin and eyes must be avoided. Gilan Holding is a huge conglomerate whose majority owner is a Dubai-registered company called Sahra FZCO. According to a recent Organized Crime and Corruption Report Project (OCCRP) investigation, the true owners of Sahra FZCO are President Aliyev’s daughters Arzu and Leyla. Gilan Holding dominates the cotton industry in Azerbaijan. Along with large fields and 20 processing plants, Gilan has textile factories in the big cities of Baku, Ganja and Sumgayit. An active ingredient in Rifle 48 EC is banned in the EU Poison didn’t kill weeds The Saatli field in which Hasanova was poisoned was a collective farm during Soviet times and covered about 1,150 hectares. A 1996 decree by then-President Heydar Aliyev ended the collective farm system. Residents of Saatli were eligible to receive 90 acres per family member. Latif Khalidov was one of those who received land. “I’ve lost my mind. I don’t know what to say,” Khalidov told an iFact.ge reporter. “The only thing I know is that we didn’t buy this herbicide. We have a contract with MKT Production Commercial LLC. This company provides us with all fertilizers and herbicides. They bring it from the Saatli branch of their company.” According to Khalidov, MKT collects what he owes for these chemicals at the end of the season when they buy all the cotton he produces. MKT processes the cotton after it has been picked, and sells the final product. “Cotton is not a high-profit crop,” says one farmer in Saatli who wants to stay anonymous. “We must work only according to state policy. MKT does buy all our cotton, and there is little demand for anything else we would plant.” The doors at MKT’s Saatli branch were locked when an iFact.ge reporter visited. “There are many choices,” said a company representative. “I don’t know which herbicide was used in that cotton field. ”The Prosecutor’s Office is investigating. They have already taken evidence and arrested our director Chingiz Gozalov. This branch is under the control of the main company. We have nothing to do with it.” Khalidov said the herbicide came in 5-liter containers. “It didn’t actually kill the weeds,” he said. “If it did, we would never hire and pay so many people to pull the weeds. When we saw it wasn’t working, we had to use manual labor. And now you can see the result. We had no idea that could happen.” He said he had no information on how long after the weed killer was applied until it was safe for people to begin pulling weeds. Megasun 20 Sp, made for Gilan Holding, is dangerous for skin and eyes The weed killer was applied 24 hours earlier. It was spread by a man riding a tractor and wearing protective clothes. Then it rained, and after that the workers were sent into the field. “We are not specialists,” Khalidov said. “We don’t know what kind of herbicide is good or not. The factory (MKT) should know this.” According to one person who did apply the pesticide in Saatli and wishes to remain anonymous, several poisons were used. “The herbicide was made in Turkey and “Rifle 48 EC” is printed on the canisters. We found out that the time for using it had expired. “Actually we use several herbicides. Another one is called “Super Formula”. You can ask about it at the MKT factory. Apparently they bought a lot and now they use up the remains of it. “I should say that nothing happened to us when we put it down. Probably after a while, when the sun heated the soil, it had some negative impact on it. “We didn’t touch it with our bare hands. The workers went into the field the next day. Who knows? Maybe they didn’t wear gloves at all.” “We have only one choice – all the herbicides are produced, sold and imported to our country only via companies connected with Gilan Holding. MKT is also one of these companies. If there was competition, the prices could be cheaper and the quality better. But our contract is with MKT.” MKT is registered in the same building as Gilan Holding. MKT director Eldeniz Quliyev holds positions in other Gilan Holding companies. Just drink yogurt The field in Imishli where 80 were poisoned on June 19 was formerly pasture land. Now 3,813 hectares are farmed by MKT, which improved irrigation and began planting cotton for its own production. “We started early in the morning, and at 11 we took a break to drink tea. Suddenly we all felt dizzy. Everyone just fell down, one-by-one,” says Matanat Humbatova. According to Mehpara Asadova, doctors at the hospitals didn’t seem too concerned. “Your health condition is satisfactory. Just drink some yogurt, some buttermilk, and you’ll be fine,” she says doctors told her. Everyone was eventually sent home except one woman, who remained in the hospital for two days. Asadova said they didn’t know herbicides had been used and that they were working with their bare hands. “We had no special uniform or masks; that’s why we got poisoned so quickly,” she says. “Everyone was screaming, suffering. We almost died because of this state policy.” Rifle 48 EC with an expiration date of 2012 The workers say that they saw iron canisters of herbicides when they came to the field. Asadova said there were also cellophane wrappers with “Gilan Holding” printed on them. An iFact.ge reporter saw cellophane wrappers for the herbicide Megasun 20 Sp stating that it was produced in Azerbaijan for Gilan Holding. According to the warning on the cellophane, workers should not be exposed for 24 hours after it is put down, and there should be no contact with skin or eyes. But the workers were using bare hands and only wrapping their face with a scarf. An anonymous employee who works in the Imishli Cotton Factory where the raw cotton is processed says that all the herbicides used in these fields are produced in Azerbaijan, mostly in Sumgayit. “There were two main reasons for the poisoning,” he said. “Some herbicides had expired. And the people who used it were not specialists. There are instructions that should be followed. In some fields the tractor drivers just mix it in water and splash it on the ground. ”The company branch director has been arrested, but it’s not his fault. He swears that he didn’t get any new herbicides at the market; it was all left over from last year. If they tell him to use it, who is he is disagree?” On June 20, the head of the State Phytosanitary Control Service of the Ministry of Agriculture Jamal Guliyev was dismissed. According to Eldar Sultanov, chief of Press Service of the Prosecutor’s General Office, the investigation continues. “The companies that are involved in cotton production, their agronomists and other responsible persons did not follow the instructions of the herbiciding process. The workers were not given proper instructions. They were brought into the field (too soon).” In the meantime, 28 of the women who were poisoned in Imishli have returned to work. They told an iFact.ge reporter they need the money. While you are here … We have a small favor to ask of you. In an environment where information is under tight government control, Meydan TV works hard to ensure that people have access to quality independent journalism. We shed light on stories you might otherwise not read because we believe that those who cannot speak up deserve to be heard, and those in power need to be held accountable. We invest considerable time, effort and resources to do so, which is why we need your help. Your support empowers our courageous journalists, many of whom work at great personal risk to freedom and safety. Every contribution to the protection of independent journalism in Azerbaijan matters. Thank you. Shortlink: http://mtv.re/lhgifi The Aliyevs’ Nest: The Family of Azerbaijan’s President Has Found a Home Near Moscow The Aliyev family holds properties in the Meyendorff Gardens, near Moscow. One man's 50 companies and millions in tenders Not one of Fakhraddin Mammadov's companies has an office Rolls-Royce admits bribes to SOCAR The payments guaranteed large orders of turbines Airline once linked to Azerbaijan’s ruling family got US loan guarantees, military contracts, planes Silk Way Airlines partnered with the US military, among others Transparency International: level of corruption in Azerbaijan increased Blogger Mehman Huseynov released after two years in jail Huseynov had spent two years in jail for allegedly libeling the chief ... Baku police disperse rally on International Women’s Day A group of women gathered to protest against domestic violence after authorities ... As social media criticism grows, Azerbaijan weighs carrots vs. sticks The government has surprised many by conceding after some recent social media ...	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1090
__label__wiki	0.770457	0.770457	Shelton Daily Voice serves Shelton, CT Trumbull-Monroe serves Easton, Monroe, Redding & Trumbull Financial Adviser From Fairfield County On Vacation In Anguilla Charged With Manslaughter Zak Failla Facebook @dvzak Email me Read More Stories 04/22/2019 10:29 a.m. A man from Darien was arrested in Anguilla and charged with manslaughter. Photo Credit: Google Maps More Articles News Teen Charged Following Online 'Chatter' Directed At New Canaa... Former Priest In Fairfield County Accused Of Sexually Assault... Strong, Gusty Winds Cause Scattered Power Outages In Fairfiel... A financial adviser from Fairfield County on vacation with his family in Anguilla has been arrested for manslaughter, the Royal Anguilla Police Force announced. Darien resident Gavin Hapgood, 44, a UBS financial adviser, was arrested for alleged manslaughter after the Royal Anguilla Police Force (RAPF) launched an investigation into the death of Anguilla resident Kenny Mitchell. The medical examiner ruled Mitchel's causes of death to be prone restraint, a technique that reduces a person's ability to breathe, positional asphyxia and blunt force trauma to the head, neck, and torso. Hapgood was arrested and charged with manslaughter. The Royal Anguilla Police Force said members of its department were called to the West End of Anguilla shortly after 4 p.m. on Saturday, April 13, for "an incident that resulted in the death of a resident of Anguilla." Mitchell was reportedly a maintenance worker at a hotel in the West End of Anguilla where Hapgood and his family were staying. Police said that Hapgood was arrested on Tuesday, April 16 and appeared before the magistrate court the following day, where bail was initially declined. Hapgood was remanded to Her Majesty’s Prison until Monday, April 22. Attorneys representing Hapgood appealed to the judge, and Hapgood was granted a $200,000 bail. A representative from UBS told Page Six “we are aware of the recent events in Anguilla and are following the situation closely. As you will appreciate, it would not be appropriate for us to provide any comment in relation to an active criminal proceeding.” The news caused uproar and vitriol on the RAPF Facebook page, prompting this post: “The Royal Anguilla Police Force acknowledges the fact that people want information in respect of the recent arrest and charging of a US tourist, however, like all investigation, these are not conducted on social media. These matters are now before the court and are sub judicial. The comments being made on the RAPF facebook have no foundation in fact and are likely to incite racial hatred and can prejudice a jury especially since they will be chosen from among the community of Anguilla.” RAPF Police Commissioner said that “the RAPF has executed their function and likewise both courts adjudicated over the matter. This matter is now before a competent court and the law should be allowed to take its course without interference. I am aware that members of the public have different views on the issue and you are entitled to your respective views and I respect your views, I also respect your fundamental rights of freedom of expression, all I am asking Is that you do not say or do anything that can jeopardize the case and let the process take its course.” Follow Zak Failla on Facebook, Twitter, Linkedin and Instagram Shelton Daily Voice!	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1092
__label__wiki	0.890162	0.890162	Los Angeles On-Location Production Hit 5-Year Low In 2019 Kanye West’s ‘Omniverse’ Anthology Series About Perception Starring Jaden Smith In Works At Showtime Denise Petski More Stories By Denise ‘Psych 2: Lassie Come Home’: Allison Miller, Sarah Chalke, Kadeem Hardison & Richard Schiff Join Cast ‘The Simpsons’ Hank Azaria Says He’ll No Longer Voice Apu Apple Greenlights ‘Dear….’ Docuseries From RJ Cutler Profiling Oprah Winfrey, Spike Lee & More May 1, 2019 9:00am Showtime has put in development Omniverse, a limited half-hour anthology series from Kanye West, Scooter Braun’s SB Projects, Westbrook Studios and writer Lee Sung Jin (Undone), with Jaden Smith attached to star and executive produce. Written by Lee, Omniverse examines the many doors of perception. Season One explores the Ego through an alternate reality Kanye West. Smith stars as an Alternate Reality Kanye West. Omniverse is West’s first major foray into television. Lee, West and Braun executive produce. James Shin and Scott Manson executive produce on behalf of SB Projects, along with Miguel Melendez and Jaden Smith on behalf of Westbrook Studios. Lee is currently a co-executive producer on Amazon’s Undone. His past credits include Tuca & Bertie and Silicon Valley. Lee’s pilot, Singularity, was directed by Seth Rogen and Evan Goldberg. Lee is repped by WME, Grandview Entertainment and Hansen, Jacobson, Teller. “I’m honored and thrilled to be collaborating with everyone involved to present an alternate world through the eyes of a young man somewhere in the multiverse who happens to also be a Kanye West,” said Lee. “Omniverse is not set in our world nor about our world’s Kanye West as we aim to add a new spin on alternate realities, consciousness, and push the limits of half hour narrative.”	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1096
__label__wiki	0.935681	0.935681	The HuffPost’s tabloid-style homepage is paying dividends The Modern User Experience August 22, 2017 by Max Willens This spring, HuffPost’s new editor-in-chief, Lydia Polgreen, announced that she wanted the Oath-owned title to become a grand tabloid for the underserved. It appears to be resonating with HuffPost’s core audience. Since the site overhauled its homepage four months ago, the number of people going directly to the site’s homepage is up 23 percent, year over year. The site’s traffic is still down from its 2016 election peak, and the HuffPost product and editorial teams are still experimenting with some facets of the rebranding effort, including recirculation strategy and how best to report on underserved communities. But they see the front page’s reception as a sign that the site is moving in the right direction. “We’ve been pleasantly surprised,” Polgreen said. “Whenever you redesign a site, there’s going to be turbulence. Our audience has really embraced it.” Like most other publishers that focused on last year’s election, HuffPost is readjusting to life after Trump vs. Hillary: It attracted 64 million U.S. unique visitors in July, down from 81 million during the same month last year, according to comScore; HuffPost’s sites accumulated 166 million unique visitors globally in May 2017, down from 178 million the previous May. In April, it unveiled a new look and feel, with brash headlines and 30 percent fewer stories on the homepage. The move was designed to deliver what Polgreen described as “a visceral snapshot of the day.” The headlines that appear on the homepage, called “splashes,” are more provocative and vivid than stories on section pages. For example, a story from last week titled “Donald Trump Defends People Who Attended White Supremacist Rally in Charlottesville” appeared on the homepage with an image of the torch-bearing white supremacists that assembled in Charlottesville. The splash read, “All the President’s Men.” “The great tabloids were always driven by a sense of outrage,” Polgreen said last spring. At other times, the HuffPost editors have tapped another longtime tabloid direction: punning. In July, the HuffPost ran an article about the sputtering Republican effort to repeal and replace the Affordable Care Act with the front-page headline, “Last Mitch Effort.” Next month, the HuffPost will embark on a 23-city “listening tour” to support Polgreen’s vision of covering the issues that loom largest outside the country’s coasts. The decision to overhaul the homepage came with some risk. As much as a quarter of HuffPost’s audience come directly to its homepage. And like with other publications, those visitors are among its most valuable: Homepage visitors read six times more HuffPost stories every month — 30, on average — than those who visit through social media, according to internal analytics. Digiday Publishing Summit The tabloid move’s impact on video strategy is still emerging. The homepage now features more video, though those clips are hidden below the fold, several swipes or scrolls removed from the top of the page. And while editors from across HuffPost’s editorial departments know they can expect what Polgreen called “fire hose” of traffic when their stories appear on the homepage, video clips get a different kind of boost: on average, videos featured on the homepage accumulate 50,000-100,000 more views than those that do not, according to a company spokesperson. HuffPost’s mobile app users consume video voraciously, and its product team made changes that boosted video viewership 27 percent on its site. But the video team’s main focus is making videos to be shared on platforms like Facebook. “That’s where our people are expecting it,” Polgreen said. Note: This story has been updated to include HuffPost’s global traffic and homepage video view numbers. Need for speed: How HuffPost cut page-load time by 8 seconds in its app May 12, 2017 by Ross Benes Publishing on Facebook Lydia Polgreen is now running HuffPost’s Facebook Messenger bot July 31, 2017 by Max Willens	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1104
__label__cc	0.685308	0.314692	CPHT Top Ten Reasons Diploma Course HPD Course Contents Accreditation and Membership Organisations Senior Lecturers Student/Practitioner hypnotherapy in the news Keira Knightley Used Hypnotherapy for Panic Attacks 18th March 2019 8th October 2018 by Gary Johannes Many people suffer with PTSD but we normally think of those things as something that happens to members of the armed forces, or people who have suffered violence towards them. Keira Knightley, the award winning, globally recognised actress of stage and screen isn’t an obvious sufferer, but in an interview for the ‘Awards Chatter’ Podcast, she revealed her early experiences with the paparazzi. “Being followed around by twenty guys who were deeply misogynistic…I’d never experienced that level of hatred. Suddenly there was a level of violence in the air that is not a thing that anyone would react to well.” She submerged herself in her work, delivering a string of successful films, working back to back, but shared that like anyone, eventually these things catch up with you. At the age of 22, the already seasoned actress had a break down and was diagnosed with PTSD, going deep into therapy to help make sense of and heal from what had been a relentless five years in the limelight. When she was nominated for a Bafta she hadn’t been out of the house for three months. She used hypnotherapy so she could stand on the red carpet at the Baftas without having a panic attack. She acknowledged hypnotherapy worked. It was right after that she took a year off; travelling to Paris and learning French, travelling through Bali and Malaysia, time with friends and family all helped her rebuild herself and go back into acting. As hypnotherapists we often meet people who have suffered the same symptoms as Keira Knightley, PTSD is more common than we think, with around 8% of Americans suffering PTSD some time in their lives. Panic attack sufferers account for a little over 5% of the American population – numbers in the UK are usually fairly similar. The symptoms of PTSD can vary from feeling numb, isolated or disassociated, work and relationship struggles, depression and withdrawal or avoidance, anger, anxiety attacks, substance abuse, self destructive or high risk behaviour, nightmares, flashbacks, insomnia, mood swings and erratic emotions. PTSD occurs when someone is involved in or witnesses traumatic events of a life threatening nature, but can also occur if you hear of someone significant to you being involved or witnessing a traumatic or life threatening event or if you are continually exposed to graphic elements of of life threatening trauma, such as first responders. PTSD can start at any age and, in addition to the more commonly recognised triggers for PTSD, can be from childhood violence, bullying or neglect, life trauma such as serious accident, fire, or attack, tragic life events such as a diagnosis of a terminal illness, miscarriage or traumatic birth can also trigger PTSD. What we recognise is that not everyone exposed to such triggers will go on to suffer from PTSD. Current thinking is that the level of stress and distress in someone’s life prior to the incident(s) is one of the markers that predetermines development of PTSD symptoms. If someone was already under pressure, with any mental wellness challenges, they will be more likely to go on to develop PTSD. For those that do develop PTSD, early support and disclosure, the earlier the better, also seems to have a preventative effect when dealing with trauma. Simply put, telling loved ones what happened, positive support from significant people, a positive attitude towards recovery, such as seeing yourself as a survivor rather than victim and the use of positive emotions such as laughter. Research continues to help the with the care, recovery and prevention of PTSD, but one thing we know already is that solution focused hypnotherapy has been used to help people recover from trauma and PTSD successfully, by supporting them to release and resolve the stuck trauma and then create a positive, stress resilient, future. For more information on hypnotherapy or hypnotherapy training in your area, contact us. If you or someone you know would like more information about PTSD you might like to visit PTSD UK If you want to be at the cutting edge of hypnotherapy and make a real difference to the clients you see in the future, with a successful career in hypnotherapy this could be the right Course for you. To find out about the next hypnotherapy diploma course run by CPHT Kent, just give senior lecturer Gary Johannes a call on 07780 592625 or click this link to send us an application form today. This post was written by Ali Hollands. Ali is a multi-award winning clinical hypnotherapist with Inspired To Change in Maidstone. Ali gained her first hypnotherapy diploma in 2012 and extended her training with a diploma in Solution Focused Hypnotherapy in 2015 with Gary Johannes, head of CPHT Peterborough, Kent, St Albans, Essex, Northampton and Birmingham. Ali is a practicing Solution Focused Hypnotherapist and senior lecturer for CPHT St Albans, Kent and Essex. As well as this she is writing a book about how to set up in business and in practice, for newly qualified hypnotherapists. Ali’s passion is in improving performance and enjoyment of life, for her clients and students. Ali believes that life and work should be fun and fascinating and you can follow Ali on Instagram and Facebook Categories hypnotherapy in the news, News Tags Ali Hollands, business, Chelmsford, Essex, Gary Johannes, hypnotherapy Chelmsford, Hypnotherapy Essex, hypnotherapy practice, hypnotherapy school essex, Hypnotherapy training Chelmsford, hypnotherapy training essex, Keira Knightley, new career, Panic Attacks, PTSD 6 Questions to ask before you choose your hypnotherapy course 15th April 2019 Why being a solution focused hypnotherapist the key to my success 6th December 2018 10 Reasons Solution Focused Hypnotherapists LOVE their Career 9th October 2018 Brain Scanners for Hypnotherapy Training 9th October 2018 How Do You Choose Your Hypnotherapy Training School? 8th October 2018 Does Hypnotherapy Work? 8th October 2018 Keira Knightley Used Hypnotherapy for Panic Attacks 8th October 2018 How To Deal With A Flying Phobia 28th March 2018 What You’ll Find Out At A Hypnotherapy Training Open Evening 12th October 2017 How To Deal With A Mouse Phobia 26th September 2017 Reasons To Become A Hypnotherapist 6th September 2016 Can Hypnotherapy Training Help Me In My Current Role? 12th February 2016 Can I train as a hypnotherapist if I’m a stay at home mum? 8th February 2016 Is hypnotherapy a transferable skill? 4th February 2016 Why I trained to be a hypnotherapist 4th February 2016 What is Solution Focused Hypnotherapy? 22nd December 2014 Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new articles by email. 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__label__cc	0.515033	0.484967	British Chambers of Commerce Response to Conservative Party Manifesto ChamberPress Release In his initial response to the publication of the Conservative Party manifesto, BCC Director General, Dr Adam Marshall said: “While the Conservative manifesto strikes some of the right notes, business communities across the UK will be looking to see more substantial measures to boost growth, enterprise and investment from the Prime Minister and his party if they form the next government.” On Brexit, Marshall said: “There’s a big difference between ‘getting Brexit done’ and doing it right. The details matter to both businesses and communities – and the Conservative Party needs to be realistic with the electorate about the scale and complexity of the task ahead. Categorically rejecting the possibility of a longer transition period is a real concern, because it means businesses could face yet another damaging cliff-edge at the end of 2020.” On the manifesto’s UK policy proposals, Marshall said: “There are some welcome proposals in the Conservative manifesto on real-world business issues such as training, road maintenance and childcare, but businesses still need much more clarity on big-ticket items like HS2, how the UK’s future immigration system will work in practice, and how real power will be devolved to our towns and cities. “A fundamental review of business rates is absolutely vital, but firms have been promised action before – and must not be let down this time. “Big pledges to increase spending and freeze personal tax rates cannot be paid for on the backs of hard-pressed businesses. Higher business taxes or costs would undermine confidence and investment at precisely the time that it is needed most. “Whoever wins the General Election, businesses need a moratorium on new costs and burdens, and targeted tax breaks to help SMEs invest and adapt to the changes in trading conditions that lie ahead.” Claire Millar Marketing Executive	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1117
__label__wiki	0.835298	0.835298	Votes by Avari 2 vote(s) for the melody. 0 vote(s) for the lyrics. The votes that have been made by Avari are notated with a green square in the grid below. Click each word to view the breakdown of the votes which generated each word. hoping The percentage of the tally of votes for each note option (within each beat of the melody) is shown below. Click a percentage to view the breakdown of the individual voters. The first 2 notes in the verse were 'seeded' to kick things off by illustrating how it works The top row represents 'no note' (or rest) The highest 3 notes were only made available in the conclusion From the conclusion onwards, voters are forced to listen to their selected note before confirming. This is likely to increase the quality of their choice Each beat in the verse accepted at least 50 votes Each beat in the chorus accepted at least 100 votes (with the exception of the last note which has a total of 68) Each beat in the conclusion accepted at least 100 votes. On October 17, the site received a sudden spike in traffic when it appeared on page 2 of Reddit and in various media articles. Consequently, a kind of 'surge protection' kicked in and the number of votes per beat were dramatically increased. This served to prevent the song from finishing within hours, to increase the quality of the melody (in theory) due to a larger sample size and to keep the voting open for as many participants as possible. The total was later reduced back to 100. The last note received a huge number of votes (18,693). At the end of August 2016, the site hit the top pages of Reddit again. This rapidly hastened the end of the song. While the lyrics were being prepared (this took a few weeks), voting for the final note was left open until the "lyrics voting project" was launched. In the event of a draw, the system selects the final note randomly from the drawed notes See also percentage of voters by country and note summary latest remixes of this song by artists write your own song crowd melody lyrics algorithm user melodies Vocals supplied by Kareen Sounds supplied by HTML5 Piano / Kyster Guitar notes Word syllables supplied by DelphiForFun.org	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1119
__label__wiki	0.560213	0.560213	Clearpath Robotics Accelerates Algorithm Development for Industrial Robots Shorten development times for laser-based perception, computer vision, fleet management, and control algorithms used in industrial robots Use MATLAB to analyze and visualize ROS data, prototype algorithms, and apply the latest advances in robotics research Data analysis time cut by up to 50% Customer communication improved Cutting-edge SDV algorithms quickly incorporated “ROS is good for robotics research and development, but not for data analysis. MATLAB, on the other hand, is not only a data analysis tool, it’s a data visualization and hardware interface tool as well, so it’s an excellent complement to ROS in many ways.” Ilia Baranov, Clearpath Robotics OTTO 1500 self-driving vehicles for materials transport. As demand for warehouse automation grows, so does the need for sophisticated self-driving vehicles (SDVs) that can transport materials among manufacturing stations and production lines. To move goods autonomously without assistance, SDVs employ advanced algorithms for laser-based perception, computer vision, fleet management, and control. Engineers at Clearpath Robotics use MATLAB® to speed up the development of these algorithms for the company’s OTTO line of SDVs and to advance robotics research. “MATLAB provides our teams with an efficient language for developing and prototyping algorithms,” says Amritpal Saini, perception engineer at Clearpath. “For example, if we are working on a computer vision algorithm, we can perform the matrix inversion with a single line of code. MATLAB enables us to easily manipulate and visualize high-dimensional data without importing libraries or doing the other legwork that would be required in C++ or a similar language.” Ilia Baranov, engineering manager at Clearpath, adds, “Prototyping rapidly in MATLAB is a key step along the path to integrating a new sensor or component and analyzing the data that it produces.” Teams on both the industrial side and the research side of the Clearpath engineering organization need to analyze and visualize large, complex data sets. The teams found that performing these tasks with Robot Operating System (ROS) or by writing programs in C++ or Python was slow and inefficient. In addition to their shared requirements for faster analysis and data visualization tools, each team had its own distinct needs. Saini and his colleagues on the industrial side of Clearpath needed a way to rapidly prototype ideas and incorporate new algorithms from the researchers outside the company with whom they collaborate. On the research side, Baranov and his team work with numerous disparate systems, interfaces, and data structures, and they wanted a tool that complemented ROS capabilities, making it easier to process and analyze ROS data—including live streaming data and data captured in rosbag log files. Clearpath engineers use MATLAB with Computer Vision Toolbox™, Optimization Toolbox™, and Robotics System Toolbox™ to prototype algorithms and analyze and visualize data for robotics research and development. On a recent project, Saini and his team used MATLAB and Computer Vision Toolbox to develop an algorithm that detects objects in 2D lidar point clouds and matches the objects against a library of standard object templates. They later used the prototype MATLAB algorithms as a golden reference for building and verifying the final production version of the algorithm. On another project, the team used MATLAB to develop fleet management algorithms that use agent-based modeling to guide a group of OTTO robots as they work together to complete missions. The team used Optimization Toolbox to minimize specific metrics—for example, completing the mission in the shortest time or within the shortest distance travelled by the robots. The individual robots in the fleet ran control algorithms developed and tuned in MATLAB. The Clearpath research group takes on a range of projects, from evaluating and incorporating new sensors to basic research, using MATLAB and Robotics System Toolbox to analyze ROS data. For example, while Baranov’s team was evaluating and integrating a new 3D lidar sensor, they identified a problem with the lidar output. The team used Robotics System Toolbox to import data from rosbag log files generated by the sensor. Working in MATLAB, they analyzed and plotted the timing of the lidar pulses to diagnose the source of the problem: a damaged mirror array within the sensor. The team followed a similar approach to characterize the stopping distance of Clearpath robots. They used an indoor motion capture system to log data as the robots applied their brakes while traveling at various speeds and across a variety of surfaces. Using MATLAB and Robotics System Toolbox, the team developed automated testing scripts that caused the robot to accelerate to a specific speed and then stop. The scripts then repositioned the robot and repeated the acceleration and braking. Following the tests, the team imported the motion capture system data into MATLAB for postprocessing. They plotted acceleration and velocity, and identified inflection points to construct detailed braking profiles for the robots. Data analysis time cut by up to 50%. “We’ve used both Python and MATLAB to work with lidar sensor data, and I estimate that analysis and development was one-and-a-half to two times faster in MATLAB,” says Baranov. “That’s due to the built-in functions that make it simple to pull data from a stream, graph it, and perform other actions without having to code them all ourselves.” Customer communication improved. “Because many of our customers use MATLAB, it serves as a common language that speeds up all aspects of a project,” says Baranov. “It minimizes misunderstandings, reduces support time, and enables us to send examples that are easy to understand.” Cutting-edge SDV algorithms quickly incorporated. “Most of the code written by the researchers we collaborate with is written in MATLAB,” says Saini. “That makes it easy to incorporate their research into prototype MATLAB algorithms, which we can later use to validate the production implementation.” Learn more about Clearpath Robotics Berichten Sie über Ihre erfolgreichen Projekte Treten Sie dem Customer Reference Programm bei	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1134
__label__cc	0.699958	0.300042	Manage distortions with map displays A map projection manages distortions introduced when representing the 3-D surface of the Earth on a 2-D display. Distortions manifest themselves in the display of areas, distances, directions, and shapes. To address this problem, mapping software uses these projections to create accurate map displays. Map projections can be divided into three main classes: cylindrical, conic, and azimuthal. For example, the popular Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinate system covers the Earth’s surface in 60 zones, each using a secant transverse Mercator (cylindrical) projection with an ellipsoidal model of Earth. For more information, see Mapping Toolbox™. Examples and How To Creating Maps from Geographic (Latitude, Longitude) Data (Example) Un-Projecting a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) (Example) Mapping and Geospatial Data Analysis Using MATLAB (37:57) (Webinar) TYBRIN Accurately Predicts Debris Fallout from Missile Tests (User Story) Software Reference Three Main Families of Map Projections - Documentation Using Map Projections and Coordinate Systems - Documentation Visualizing and Quantifying Projection Distortions - Documentation Working with the UTM System - Documentation See also: Mapping Toolbox, Steve on Image Processing, geodesy, image analysis, geometric transformations and image registration, image processing and computer vision, Teaching computing in geoscience resources Importing Geographic Data and Creating Map Displays	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1135
__label__wiki	0.72597	0.72597	Skerries teens using art to spread positive mental health message by Sylvia Pownall 19/07/2018 written by Sylvia Pownall 19/07/2018 Young people in Skerries are sharing a powerful message through art with two inspirational murals launched to promote positive mental health. Skerries Youth Support Services (SYSS) and Skerries Community College recently welcomed Deputy Mayor Cllr Grainne Maguire to launch the second annual ‘Positive Mental Health Promotional Artwork’. The local community group and secondary school teamed up for the first time in 2017 to promote positive mental health and the popular initiative has returned this summer with the resulting artwork on display in Floraville, Strand Street. The project focuses on the area of mental health and what this means from a young person’s perspective. The colourful paintings highlight some of the challenges that young people face today and that, although it is sometimes forgotten or ignored, it is just as important to take care of our mental health as it is our physical health. One artist from Skerries Community College, Gemma Keogh, told Dublin Gazette: “Our mural is dedicated to teens of the LGBT+ community who are learning to accept themselves for who they are. “The person in the painting is a non-binary teenager waving the Pride flag proudly, whilst standing on a rock which represents their struggle to be where they are today.” Speaking at the launch, local YSS chair JP Browne said: “We are proud to display the wonderful works of art produced and would like to thank the students for all of their hard work and creativity. “We hope people will drop into Floraville and spend a few minutes taking in these fantastic pieces by young people on mental health.” SYSS founding members recognised the need to support the town’s young people and their families and came together in 2015 to set up the group modelled on the highly-successful volunteer group in Kinsale (KYSS). The organisation operates as a beacon for young people and their families in Skerries and surrounding areas by promoting information and services on positive wellbeing, including mental, physical and sexual health, and personal safety. Since its launch in 2016, SYSS has produced an information booklet (Myself, My Life) and has circulated more than 15,000 copies in Skerries, Balbriggan, Rush and neighbouring towns. The booklets offer information and service contacts relevant to a range of issues often encountered by teenagers and young people, such as depression, sexuality, and bullying. The group has facilitated a number of public talks, a suicide awareness training programme, and is currently establishing a clinical youth support worker together with the North Dublin Drug and Alcohol Task Force. For further information, see www.SYSS.ie. artpositive mental healthskerriesSkerries Community CollegeSkerries Youth Support Services Sylvia Pownall Parrott aims to mimic Kane as he signs Spurs deal Home Farm looking to take down Cork Coastal dwellers in Portrane left to count storm’s... Mum’s tribute to girl, 11, killed in crash... Call for safe zones to protect women accessing... Christmas drink left Gary fighting for life in... Labour’s Brendan Ryan says he will not contest... Pat celebrates Slimming World success with Chatty Man... Fingal TD calling for removal of ‘beach litter... DOG walk to protest byelaws in Malahide... Get set for a Titanic event Boys in first year in secondary school...	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1136
__label__wiki	0.771171	0.771171	HomeBooksPrevious Winners2006 2006 – The Master 2008 - De Niro's Game 2001 - No Great Mischief 2006 – The Master Winner of the 2006 Award 2006 Shortlist 2006 Longlist The Judges’ Citation Colm Tóibín captures the exquisite anguish of a man who circulated in the grand parlours and palazzos of Europe, who was astonishingly alive and vibrant in his art, and yet whose attempts at intimacy inevitably failed him and those he tried to love. It is a powerful account of the hazards of putting the life of the mind before affairs of the heart. This probing portrayal of Henry James is not merely an outstanding narrative. In crisp, modulated writing, it subtly balances a range of devices that leave the reader in no doubt about the accomplishment of this work. For its deftly excavated psychology of the Jamesian childhood and youth, for its quiet revelations of the artist’s journey and the emotional and material necessities accompanying this, for the melancholic undertone which surfaces through the probing landscape of this writer’s life, The Master is, and will continue to be, a work of novelistic art: its preoccupations are truth and the elusiveness of intimacy, and from such preoccupations emerge this patient, beautiful, exposure of loss, and the price of the pursuit of perfection. Judges: Jane Koustas, Mary O’Donnell, Andrew O’Hagan, Paolo Rufilli. Non- voting Chair, Judge Eugene R. Sullivan In The Master, Colm Tóibín captures the exquisite anguish of a man who circulated in the grand parlours and palazzos of Europe, who was astonishingly alive and vibrant in his art, and yet whose attempts at intimacy inevitably failed him and those he tried to love. It is a powerful account of the hazards of putting the life of the mind before affairs of the heart. (From Publisher) Colm Tóibín was born in Ireland in 1955 and lives in Dublin. He is the author of four novels, The South, The Heather Blazing, The Story of the Night and The Blackwater Lightship, which was shortlisted for the 1999 Booker Prize. His non-fiction includes Bad Blood, Homage to Barcelona, The Sign of the Cross and Love in a Dark Time. Libraries Ireland - Find This Book Adelaide, Australia, State Library of South Australia Picador, UK Libraries Ireland Encore System Search for this book in the Dublin City Library Encore system and arrange a suitable location for loaning it. Search Encore for 2006 – The Master This search result is offered as a helping hand to find books in the Library Ireland Encore System. Some results may not be accurate where book titles have common words with similar titles.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1137
__label__cc	0.692998	0.307002	Campuestohan Highland Resort CATA-AL WORLD WAR II MUSEUM Father Tropa Sumilon Island(CEBU) Twinlakes Balinsasayao Bayawan City CategoryMunicipality LocationBayawan Bayawan used to be known as New Tolong, and only had its modern name starting 1952.Bayawan City has two distinct climate seasons: the dry season, well pronounced in the months of January to May; and the wet season, in the months of June to December.Bayawan became a chartered city in December 2000. It boasts its distinction as a “Character City” (International Association of Character Cities) and a pioneer “Healthy City” (DOH certified) in the Philippines. Recently, the Asian Institute of Management recognized the city as “one of the Top 10 Best Cities to Live In in the Philippines (Small Cities Category)” under its Competitive Cities Survey 2007.The town is home to the Minagahat language, the indigenous language of Southern Negros as listed by Komisyon ng Wikang Filipino. The language is vital to the culture and arts of the people of southern Negros. Bayawon City is very well known for their Tawo-tawo Festival, also known as the Scarecrow Festival,which the people of Bayawan annually celebrate on the 18th of February. They give honor and praise to their city patron saint Santo Tomas Villanueva as they celebrate this festival. The Tawo-tawo Festival focuses on the great difference the tawo-tawo has brought the city after driving the crows away. During the days,The crows were the worst enemy of farmers especially in the city of Bayawan. These crows or Maya bird destroy crops and steal the harvest of the farmers, causing shortage of food supplies. Not long the crows caused a great famine that wiped away a great number of people.When all hope was almost lost, a sign appeared in the skies and gave hope and faith to the town’s people. With deep determination and high intelligence, the religious town folks took the sign and thought of a way to drive the crows away.After successfully defeating the crows the people of Bayawan honored a dance or festival to celebrate the new change the tawo-tawo caused the city. This dance later on became part of a great culture portraying the rich history of the Tawo-Tawo to Bayawan City.After successfully defeating the crows the people of Bayawan honored a dance or festival to celebrate the new change the tawo-tawo caused the city. This dance later on became part of a great culture portraying the rich history of the Tawo-Tawo to Bayawan City.Due to the tawo-tawo the people of Bayawan resumed their abundant harvest every year making them rich in resources and supplies. To show the rise of economy and their resources the dancers use props of basket with supplementary vegetables and crops to add a more appealing view to the festival. Bayawan, officially the City of Bayawan, or simply Bayawan City, is a 2nd class city in the province of Negros Oriental, Philippines. According to the 2015 census, it has a population of 117,900 people. Bayawan is located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) from the Dumaguete City, the provincial capital and near the provincial border with Negros Occidental. It is a coastal city with a land area of 69,908 hectares (172,750 acres), the largest in the province. Mabinay bounds it to the north, Tanjay City and Bais City to the east, Sta. Catalina to the southeast and Basay to the west and it also shares a boundary with Kabankalan City of Negros Occidental on the northwest. Barangays: Ali-is Banaybanay Villasol (Bato) Boyco Bugay Cansumalig Kalamtukan Kalumboyan Malabugas Mandu-ao Maninihon Minaba Nangka Pagatban Suba (poblacion) Tabuan Tayawan Tinago (poblacion) Ubos (poblacion) Claiming your listing is the best way to manage and protect your business. More nearby Niludhan Falls Bayawan City, Negros Oriental, Philippines (Get directions) Alona, a Bohol's Hidden Paradise Car-Car City Famous Lechon and Free taste. Runways and Tiaras Cebu Subscribe to updates from Dumaguete Info Please register/login first To login or register please click here DumagueteInfo Attractions	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1138
__label__cc	0.724779	0.275221	Judge Amy Berman Jackson tosses lawsuit over Southern Poverty Law Center hate group labels - Washington Times m.washingtontimes.com A federal judge has thrown out a lawsuit that accused leaders of the Southern Poverty Law Center of trying to financially destroy one of the organizations that it has labeled as a hate group. Welcome to Dissenter The Comment Section of the Internet news/2019/sep/16/judge-amy-berman-jackson-tosses-lawsuit-over-south/ Ursus_americanus This one's got Obama stink all over her. She's clearly hysterical. This one's got Obama stink all over her. She's clearly hysterical. Dagestani_Bot 4 months ago(edited) How can judge (((Berman))) be a fair unbiased jurist in a suit against the tribe - a suit that rightfully called them out on their slanderous, libelous, tortious rackateering? Protip: she can't. 2019-08-Tu 05:08:43 am How can judge (((Berman))) be a fair unbiased jurist in a suit against the tribe - one that rightfully calls them out on the slanderous, libelous, tortious rackateering? Protip: she can't. The groups lawyers failed to properly prepare their case against the SPLC terrorists so the judge rightfully threw it out. She did not grant the SPLC terrorists request to steal money from the group and she stated the lawsuit “wasn’t entirely frivolous” The group needs better lawyers to prepare a better case and then go back to court. The groups lawyers failed to properly prepare their case against the SPLC terrorists so the judge rightfully threw it out. She did not grant the SPLC terrorists request to steal money from the group and she stated the lawsuit “wasn’t entirely frivolous” The group needs better lawyers to prepare a better case and then go back to court. 1916Mauser U.S. District Judge Amy Berman Jackson has thrown out a lawsuit that accused leaders of the Southern Poverty Law Center of trying to financially destroy one of the organizations that it has labeled as a hate group. Berman is a surname that may be derived from the Yiddish phrase בער מאַן (lit. ‘bear-man’). Yiddish (ייִדיש, יידיש or אידיש, yidish/idish, pronounced [ˈ(j)ɪdɪʃ], lit. "Jewish"; in older sources ייִדיש-טײַטש Yidish-Taitsh, lit. Judaeo-German)[3] is the historical language of the Ashkenazi Jews. U.S. District Judge Amy Berman Jackson has thrown out a lawsuit that accused leaders of the Southern Poverty Law Center of trying to financially destroy one of the organizations that it has labeled as a hate group. Wikipedia: Berman is a surname that may be derived from the Yiddish phrase בער מאַן (lit. ‘bear-man’). Yiddish (ייִדיש, יידיש or אידיש, yidish/idish, pronounced [ˈ(j)ɪdɪʃ], lit. "Jewish"; in older sources ייִדיש-טײַטש Yidish-Taitsh, lit. Judaeo-German)[3] is the historical language of the Ashkenazi Jews. A white lady... named "Jackson?" That's a bad day for a Democrat. A white lady... named "Jackson?" That's a bad day for a Democrat. LMAO Dissenting Game Developer Further proving the point. Women have no place in politics, law, or business. Any decision made by a female judge is invalid.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1147
__label__wiki	0.619748	0.619748	Rihanna ft. Chris Brown - Birthday Cake (Remix) Artist: Rihanna Track: Birthday Cake (Remix) Feat. Chris Brown Producer: Da Internz Album: Talk That Talk Nearly four years after parting ways in the midst of March 2008's much-publicized domestic violence case, Rihanna has come together with former boyfriend and abuser Chris Brown on a new single, leaving fans everywhere wondering, what does it mean? My guess is “nothing”--it's just two pop heavyweights coming together to make a hit—though the Terius Nash-penned record seems designed for the express purpose of encouraging speculation. The full-length version of a cut included on RiRi's latest LP as a truncated interlude, Birthday Cake (Remix) finds Dance (A$$) producers Da Internz serving up a hypnotic synth-handclap backdrop for verses dripping with double (and single) entendres. While the headliner plays it relatively coy (“It's not even my birthday, but he wanna lick the icing off.”), Breezy gets straight to the point: “Girl I wanna f*ck you right now / been a long time, I been missin' your body.” Is this freaky selection appealing enough to rise above the gossip and controversy? Debate away. Whatever your take, you can hear the album version of Birthday Cake and much more on Rihanna's Talk That Talk LP, available in stores and online as of November 2011. RihannaChris Brown clubhitmakerBest R&B / Pop Songs Chart, 2006-2018 Rihanna ft. Flo Rida - We Found Love (Remix) Chris Brown ft. Lil Wayne & Tyga - Loyal Chris Brown - X Chris Brown ft. Nicki Minaj - Love More Fat Joe ft. Chris Brown, Mary J. Blige, Fabolous & Kirko Bangz - Another Round (Remix) Mr. Probz ft. T.I. & Chris Brown - Waves (Remix) Kid Ink ft. Chris Brown & Tyga - Main Chick (Remix) Ace Hood ft. Chris Brown - Body 2 Body	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1149
__label__wiki	0.57024	0.57024	SUPERINTENDENT LINDA A. LACEWELL ANNOUNCES FINAL BAIL REGULATION TO PROTECT NEW YORKERS FROM UNFAIR PRACTICES Final Regulation with Community Feedback Includes Limits on Out-of-Pocket Costs for New Yorkers, Bans Illegal, Hidden Fees, Clarifies Duty of Agents to Obtain Prompt Release, and Mandates Return of Collateral Within a Specific Time Period Follows Governor Cuomo’s Sweeping Reform of New York’s Criminal Justice System and Delivers on Governor’s Commitment to Root Out Unscrupulous Activities within the Bail Bond Industry Following the enactment of this year’s historic bail reforms, Superintendent of Financial Services Linda A. Lacewell announced the Department of Financial Services (DFS) has issued a final regulation that raises the standards of integrity in the bail business, protects vulnerable New Yorkers from abuses in the industry, and increases transparency in and understanding of the bail industry. The final regulation follows DFS’ continuing investigation of the bail industry, a series of state-wide public listening sessions held jointly this past summer with the New York Department of State, and extensive public comment from consumers, advocates, industry and government stakeholders. “DFS is proud to support the Governor’s comprehensive justice agenda,” Superintendent of Financial Services Linda A. Lacewell said. “This final regulation will help correct widespread misconduct in New York’s bail bond industry, offering vulnerable New Yorkers an equal chance at justice.” Under the final regulation: Bail agents may not charge fees other than the premiums set by statute; Agents and insurance companies may only use forms approved by the Superintendent, which serves to limit abusive terms and ensure consistency for bail bond purchasers; Collateral of 10% or less of the bond amount will be deemed reasonable; Collateral and premium must be returned within a set time period, where appropriate; Bail agents must provide consumers with receipts and copies of all contracts and documents involved in the bail transaction; Bail agents must explain and report any surrenders of a defendant to the court, DFS and the purchaser of the bond; Insurance companies must supervise their agents more closely; Bail agents must post their licenses and display "how to make a complaint" signs; Bail agents must provide consumers with a statement of rights; Bail agents and insurance companies must increase and improve record keeping and reporting; Bail agents must obtain the prompt release of a defendant; and Renewal premiums are not permitted. The final regulation follows guidance DFS issued last year regarding the unanimous 2017 decision by the New York Court of Appeals in Gevorkyan v. Judelson that confirmed the Department’s position that under the New York Insurance Law, the premium follows the risk. When a defendant is not released from custody there is no risk to the surety company or the bail agent so they must return the premium. In addition to the final regulation, DFS’ investigation on the bail bond industry remains ongoing and the Governor encourages any affected party to file a complaint with DFS at www.dfs.ny.gov/complaint. New Yorkers may also contact the DFS Consumer Hotline at (800) 342-3736, Monday to Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Updates will also be provided on www.dfs.ny.gov/consumers/bail. The final regulation will take effect on March 19, 2020 after publication in the State Register.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1157
__label__cc	0.500357	0.499643	Days Of The Bagnold Summer Artist: Belle And Sebastian In Store Now $16.99 Label: MATADOR RECORDS Days Of The Bagnold Summer [LP] Vinyl $19.99 Days Of The Bagnold Summer CD 1. Sister Buddha (Intro) 2. I Know Where The Summer Goes 3. Did The Day Go Just Like You Wanted? 4. Jill Pole 5. I'll Keep It Inside 6. Safety Valve 7. The Colour's Gonna Run 8. Another Day, Another Night 9. Get Me Away From Here I'm Dying 10. Wait And See What The Day Holds 11. Sister Buddha 12. This Letter 13. We Were Never Glorious Coming September 13th: Brand new recordings from Glasgow’s finest, Belle and Sebastian. Is releasing a soundtrack a different prospect from releasing a regular album? Would a Belle and Sebastian fan notice the difference if they didn’t know? “Everything we do that becomes an album is a big deal for us,” says Murdoch. “We’re quietly pleased with how the collaboration went, but the truth is that you don’t know what’s going to hap- pen when it goes out into the world, and people hear it.” Martin thinks it is slightly different from other records they’ve put out. “It’s more consistent, probably, than most of our albums. Soundtracks are a deeper cut. They’re not a big pop statement.” But is making music for film that different than making it for a listener? “The whole thing with music is to make a good moment better,” Murdoch says. “Deeper, more thrilling, more heartfelt.” Days of the Bagnold Summer is the latest outside- the-box accomplishment from storied Glasgow 6-piece Belle and Sebastian, comprised of Stuart Murdoch, Stevie Jackson, Sarah Martin, Chris Geddes, Richard Colburn, Dave McGowan, and Bobby Kildea. The last two years have seen them go against conventional practice by releasing a trilogy of EPs to some of the best reviews of their career, and launch and curate their own four-day music festival at sea in The Boaty Weekender, continuing the individualist streak that has characterized them from day one.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1169
__label__wiki	0.776012	0.776012	Starting QB 2019??? By Renegade7, November 18, 2018 in The Stadium Who should be the starting QB in 2019??? 1. Who should be the starting QB in 2019??? Trade for a Veteran Sign a Veteran First Round Pick (2019 draft class) Non-First Round Pick (2019 draft class) Too Early to Answer I don't know yet We're screwed (at least at QB for 2019) bakedtater1 Joe Schmo from Idaho Murray gets drafted by the skins= he won't make it in the NFL. Murray gets drafted by any other team= that team becomes a Superbowl contender. HigSkin 49 minutes ago, Skinsinparadise said: Code for Rosen rumors? NFL just talking about the fact that Cards have already paid his $10 mil guarantee. Edited March 2, 2019 by HigSkin Skinsinparadise Just now, HigSkin said: Code for Rosen? NFL just talking about the fact that Cards have already paid his $10 mil guarantee. Yeah that's what am thinking. If the Cards put him on the trading block, I bet the Redskin chase him. I am judging that mostly on what Hoffman said today which is he knows they like him. But will see. UK SKINS FAN 74 That's why I'm in favour of getting two rookies in, assuming we don't trade for a QB. Very favourable contracts. Especially with the Smith deal hanging around. 9 minutes ago, UK SKINS FAN '74 said: Maybe one of them could be Trace McSorley and if he doesn't pan out, move him to safety! I disagree with Keim that you'd have to trade for Tannehill. I bet the Dolphins release him based on most of what I read here in South Florida. I've watched a lot of Tannehill including college games. i am not a fan. I think he's better though than Colt. http://www.espn.com/blog/washington-redskins/post/_/id/38207/alex-smiths-uncertain-recovery-makes-redskins-a-qb-wild-card There will be other quarterbacks available via trade -- Ryan Tannehill perhaps? Tannehill does have fans in the organization but he'd cost a draft pick and cap room. The only way they'd make such a move is by converting base salary into bonus money and spreading it out over a couple years to lessen his hit. Is it worth it, especially not knowing Smith's future? 39 minutes ago, HigSkin said: He actually got compared to Colt McCoy during his 40 run. No smoke without fire. Sounds like Rosen is in play. Apparently we really rated Rosen last year. Yeah Hoffman seems conservative as to throwing things around. He downplayed the rumors about Flacco and now Brown so it got my attention when he suggested they like Rosen. I got to listen to that segment again but i think he flat out said he heard they like Rosen. Edited March 2, 2019 by Skinsinparadise 2 minutes ago, Skinsinparadise said: What station is it when you click on the link he provided in listen here? Same issue via the NY media-Giants They can't re-do the 2018 draft, but they could still get one of the quarterbacks from that class, if the Arizona Cardinals put Josh Rosen, the No. 10 overall pick, on the trading block this spring. That certainly seems to be a possibility now, especially after multiple NFL sources told SNY on Friday that they strongly believe the Cardinals are targeting Oklahoma quarterback Kyler Murray with the top pick in this year's draft. And since the Giants heavily scouted the 22-year-old Rosen last year and had some interest in him prior to the draft, they will surely be interested again on at least some level if the Cardinals' asking price is right. It's all speculation at this point, but several league sources thought the Giants could get Rosen in that scenario without giving up a first-round pick. They'd likely have to part with their second-round pick - 37th overall - and likely something else. But that's a small price to pay for a young quarterback who could lead the franchise for the next 10-15 years. And that's clearly what Giants GM Dave Gettleman is looking for, with 38-year-old quarterback Eli Manning entering the final year of his contract. Gettleman spoke of his dream to find the Giants their next franchise quarterback and use "the Kansas City model" to have a young player sit behind Manning for a year before he's ready to play. That led to speculation that he was ready to use the No. 6 overall pick in the draft on a quarterback, but many around the league think the top two quarterbacks in the draft - Murray and Ohio State's Dwayne Haskins - will be off the board by then. The Giants also think they're gearing up for a playoff run this season, so using a Top-10 pick on a player who won't play right away doesn't help them fill their many holes. Trading for Rosen would allow Gettleman to use the sixth pick on a pass rusher or an offensive lineman, and he could still get the young quarterback he craves and let him develop into Manning's heir. Rosen does come with some issues, though. Prior to last year's draft, there were many around the league who wondered if he had the personality to handle the spotlight in New York. And word around the league was that the Cardinals were down on him a bit after a rocky rookie season in which he completed just 55.2 percent of his passes for 2,278 yards with 11 touchdowns and 14 interceptions in 14 games. Perhaps that feeling was coming through a bit when Arizona GM Steve Keim was asked on Wednesday if Rosen was the Cards' quarterback and he answered, "He is right now, for sure." New Cardinals coach Kliff Kingsbury, who said last October (when he was the coach at Texas Tech) that Murray should be the No. 1 overall pick in this draft, was much more complimentary about Rosen's abilities. "He's a tremendous talent," Kingsbury said. "I feel like he got better as the season went on last year. Showed a lot of mental toughness and competitiveness. The talent is obviously there. He's very cerebral and I just like the way he fought at the end of the year through some adverse conditions. He never turned it down. He continued to get up and he continued to fight and compete his tail off until the end." They could still be willing to get rid of him, though, because the 5-10, 207-pound Murray - who has a meeting scheduled with the Cardinals this week - seems like he'd be a much better fit for Kingsbury's "Air Raid" offense. Rosen, meanwhile, was thought to be the most NFL-ready quarterback in last year's draft - although in the end his season paled in comparison to most of the other first-rounders. Many quarterbacks - including Manning - have had poor rookie seasons, though, only to go on to stellar careers. And getting a year to sit and learn behind someone like Manning -- instead of Sam Bradford like he did for the first few games last year -- can only help him get ready. Whether it happens or not depends on how serious the Cards are about Murray, but if they decide to take him then Rosen has to be a quarterback for the Giants to consider, even as they ponder drafting someone like Haskins. Many scouts think the quarterbacks in this year's class rank behind all five of the quarterbacks that went in the first-round last year anyway. And there's no doubt if the Giants knew last year they could get Barkley and Rosen, they would have absolutely jumped at the chance. https://www.sny.tv/giants/news/josh-rosen-emerging-as-option-for-giants-qb-succession-plan/304628868 Yeah just clicked on it seems like a maze, I'll figure it out and re-listen to it. SemperFi Skins Lots of Rosen quotes of wanting to play in NY... had to do with much higher Jewish population Not sure he directly said that, however, it may have just been speculation Sooo Giants.in the mix for Rosen?...we land Rosen, get Collins in fa, and draft a wr at 15 would make me happy. JoeJacobyHOForRIOT Josh Rosen ? Please tell me this is a joke ...... This guy looked so bad last season. What could the Redskins front office possibly see in him ? Raiders also sniffing around Rosen. Heard that and also someone mention Pittsburgh. rumplestilskin 19 minutes ago, JoeJacobyHOForRIOT said: Well, he is a better prospect than any QB throwing at this years combine, his salary is paid for for 2019 and his down year was a result of playing for the cardinals and their POS O Line. Malapropismic Depository The Cheerleader Searched the thread, and never found Perez' name mentioned. He may be a longshot. But 8 teams have contacted Perez, and I would make a huge bet, that the Redskins were one of them. Hawkskin How about pick 15 for Rosen and their 2nd? Thoughts? 2 minutes ago, Hawkskin said: My thought is there is no way they would agree to throw in their 2nd. No way we give up our 1st for Rosen sportjunkie07 The Dirtbags Rosen is damaged goods at this point. If the cardinals are trading him to draft murray there is no need to pay a premium for a 1 year qb whose team has already given up on him. Stay pat and see what falls to us.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1178
__label__wiki	0.925227	0.925227	Presenting: Elko senior Luis Garcia Anthony Mori Elko senior Luis Garcia (52) signs his national letter of intent Monday, at Elko High School, electing to play football for Presentation College, in Aberdeen, South Dakota. From left: EHS offensive coordinator/line coach Hans Gaul, Garcia's sister Monica Spencer, mother Blanca Garcia, brother Juan Garcia, EHS head football coach Luke Sellers and EHS Athletic Administrator Cody Krenka. ELKO – Presently, Elko senior Luis Garcia is in the midst of the track and field season – throwing discus and shot put – but his future plans revolve around a different sport. Garcia has signed his national letter of intent to play football for Presentation College, in Aberdeen, South Dakota. A member school of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics, Presentation competes in the North Star Athletic Association – the Saints finishing the 2018 season with a 5-5 record and a 3-4 mark in conference play. Garcia came into contact with the program through a former relationship with offensive coordinator Travis Titus, who was an assistant coach at the University of Jamestown – the Jimmies also playing in the North Star. “They’re in the process of making him the head coach, but he’s the recruiting coordinator for the football team,” Garcia said. “I talked to him about two years ago for the first time when he was still at Jamestown.” During his final two years of high school ball, Garcia became a staple on the Indians’ offensive and defensive lines – making notable gains with his play and his leadership. “Luis was willing to try new things. He did everything we wanted him to do, and he improved a lot,” said Elko offensive coordinator and line coach Hans Gaul. “He put in the time in the offseason. He really became a leader on the defensive and offensive lines for us. I worked with him for a year on JV and two years with the varsity, and he became a lot more proficient as a leader.” Stay logged in to skip the surveys As for now, Garcia is expected – rather preferred by Titus – to play defensive line. However, the Saints graduated virtually their entire starting offensive line – leaving five spots up for grabs. Two guards, two tackles and a center – Garcia has not ruled out playing O-line if needed. “I’m open to anything and anywhere they want to put me. I’m excited to have another chance to play and get on the field again,” he said. “I want to showcase my talents at the next level.” During his senior season, Garcia earned a 2nd-Team All-League selection on the offensive front – paving the way for a rushing attack that racked up 2,089 yards on the ground in 388 totes, also yielding a 5.4 average and 22 rushing touchdowns for the Indians. Defensively, he was an honorable mention for the Division 3A North awards, tallying 23 tackles and 2-1/2 sacks. Once in school, Garcia plans to study business – keeping his options open for a future career. Congratulations to Luis Garcia for earning an opportunity to play football at the next level and best wishes toward whichever side of the line he plays for Presentation College. Elko Indians Presentation College Travis Titus North Star Athletic Association Sign up to get our weekly Prep Sports newsletter Sports editor and reporter Follow Anthony Mori Elko's Luis Garcia (52) drags down Fallon's Sean McCormick on Oct. 5, 2018, at Warrior Field. Jones 1st-Team 3 ways -- Hansen, Acosta named 1st-Team All-Defense ELKO – Commonly, a number of football players are referred to as two-way athletes, playing both sides of the football – offense and defense. Indians break loose against Lowry WINNEMUCCA – Following a rough two-game losing streak and nine and a half quarters of scoreless football – a stretch the Elko football team wa… Wolverines feast on Indians, 31-0 TRUCKEE, California – Truckee is a predator of a football team. Indians grind down North Valleys, 33-7 RENO – The Elko football team did its damage Friday on North Valleys by grinding down the bigger Panthers with determined running, solid block… Once Leopards, now Saints WELLS — Their mascot was once the Leopards, it will now be the Saints. Indians have much to replace, learn ELKO — After one of the more successful seasons in recent years, the Elko football team must start from the bottom up.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1181
__label__cc	0.702124	0.297876	The importance of branding: 3 reasons why branding matters by Aviva M. Cantor Why is branding important? Branding is the nuanced art of actively shaping your brand. With creativity, skill and strategy, a brand can establish an identity that sets itself apart from the competition and sparks a connection with its audience. Branding is what gives you a reputation and, ultimately, a future. Because of the importance of branding, businesses and organizations should build a strong brand right from the start so they can consistently maintain it as they grow. If you’re asking why branding is important, we’d challenge you with a counter-argument: Is there any time branding isn’t important? Branding is everything. Here are three reasons why branding matters. 1. Great branding shows customers what makes you, you Imagine that an audience is being introduced to your brand for the first time. Well-executed branding has a lot to say. Branding tells your story in an instant Who are you as a brand, exactly? If you don’t know, then neither will your audience. by artfeel Build your identity by establishing brand-defining keywords and using these words to shape the company voice, tone and aesthetic. Check out the Fair Harvest Coffee logo. Even at a quick glance, the brand shows who they are and what they love most: coffee, social consciousness, the earth and the environment. Every great brand should be easily explained with a few solid descriptors. Branding builds an emotional connection By establishing yourself as a brand, you can deeply connect with customers, employees and the general public. This connection is a gradual process which happens with time, but it starts by establishing a good reputation, letting your audience get to know you and ultimately finding memorable ways to communicate. Oftentimes, great branding comes from embodying the essence of your brand in an unexpected way. Remember the Nike ad that saluted the last-place marathon finisher? via Nike Everything Nike stands for was all wrapped up into one beautiful experience that emotionally united a variety of audiences. Sure, everyone “knew” Nike. But by focusing on the last-place marathon finisher in an inspirational and relatable way, their whole brand identity became suddenly familiar all over again. This wasn’t an NBA basketball player showing off his Nike shoes. Instead, this was the real person behind it all: the aspiring athlete, trying to be the best she can be. Branding builds confidence Great branding takes guts, strategy, intelligence—and sometimes—risk. To tell your customers what makes you “you,” confidence is essential. by KisaDesign by Project 4 Think of it this way: some of the most successful brands in the world got to where they are because of a sense of confidence, not because they were offering a particularly unique product or experience. Look at Lululemon. Plenty of fashion companies make athleticwear, but there’s something inherently confident about the way they go about it. They’re just different. via Lululemon For example, many of their locations offer yoga classes right in the store, presenting a bold statement that they don’t just want to sell their customers exercise clothes—they want to sweat it out with them. While many competitors may imitate Lululemon, they’re sustained by their brand as a whole, consistently remaining the leader in modern fashion activewear. 2. Great branding gives you purpose and direction Whatever your brand may be, make sure there are goals and meaning behind it. Great branding is more than just your logo, font and colors. Branding connects your values to a like-minded audience Highly successful businesses have well-established missions, visions and values. But it’s not just for big companies and do-gooder nonprofits. Smaller brands can take a more casual approach while still developing a core set of brand principles. by Una Design by DSKY by Dusan Klepic by Agi Amri Your beliefs play a large role upholding your brand identity and communicating it with others. But how you do this is up to you. Some brands take a more subtle approach, while others opt to weave values into a logo itself, like the “Eat Fresh, Eat Local” tagline in the Columbia Farmers Market logo above. Branding leads to new directions, too Sometimes even the greatest brands can be greater. Rebranding happens in many ways, and a common approach is a logo refresh. In 2013, Wendy’s did just that. The colors and imagery still reflect the classic fast food chain that you know and love, but their new logo feels modern and friendlier, too. via Wendys Microsoft and Burger King have also made comparable branding improvements over the years by evolving their logos. Rebranding is incredibly important to the long-term sustainability of a mega-brand. Having a strong core brand identity can help ensure the success of a rebranding effort. via Burger King via Microsoft And then there’s the hardcore rebrand: the kind that leads to a totally new identity. The ultimate success story is Target. Sure, their stores existed in the 90s, but they full-on reinvented themselves in 1999 by partnering with high-end designers (like Missoni below) for limited-edition collections, including many fashion A-listers. via Target Target revitalized itself and went from being an ordinary store to becoming a heavy-hitting brand that is relatable not only to everyday consumers, but to luxury buyers alike. 3. Great branding delivers results At the end of the day, your brand is a business, and it deserves a great future. Part of the importance of branding is that a strong brand is essential to delivering the results you need. Branding generates growth When you’re good, you’re good. That’s why well-established brands create sizable revenue. Warby Parker built its brand with a unique mix of convenience (order glasses online, try them on at home, easily return them if you’re not digging the look) and social entrepreneurship (for each pair of glasses sold, one is donated to a person in need). via Warby Parker The Warby Parker aesthetic is clean and straightforward (after all, they’re a convenience-oriented brand). It’s no frills, a bit hipster-y and just naturally cool without trying too hard. And their refined, approachable, kind-hearted outlook worked like a charm. Within five years of its founding, the company was valued at $1.2 billion. Branding creates a positive employee morale With great branding comes great company culture, and employee morale goes right along with it. Look at the Lush store, for instance. They’ve been bringing sustainable, handmade beauty, bath and skincare items to the mass market for over two decades. Lush is also known for being incredibly transparent about its values (boycotting animal testing, rewarding customers for recycling their packaging, showing the name and face of the employee who made the product, etc.). Employees love the brand and live the brand, and this happiness reflects positively on Lush customers and the company as a whole. Branding unites an audience Connection on a deep, personal level is a reflection of a well-built brand. It can be as simple as HelloFresh planning meals so that their customers have more family time. via HelloFresh Or maybe it’s a bit more nuanced, like this Joyce Foods brand design by Martis Lupus which reflects that their patrons want special, high-quality condiments instead of run-of-the-mill Heinz and Hellman’s. Either way, when you unite customers around their needs and your values, the connection ensures brand loyalty, which ultimately leads to brand longevity. Never underestimate the importance of branding We’ve said it before and we’ll say it again: branding is everything. So be good to your brand and take the time to carefully curate your brand identity. Check out our blog for more guidance, or reach out to our global community of designers who will be there for your brand every step of the way. Need help branding your business? Our designers can create the perfect look for your brand. Get branding Aviva M. Cantor A lifelong grammar nerd, Aviva M. Cantor is a self-published children’s book author with professional expertise in fashion e-commerce, branding, marketing, and search engine optimization. Outside of writing, Aviva is a competitive figure skater who competes in theatrical events where bizarre and flamboyant props are encouraged. If she isn’t writing blogs or skating with unusual objects, it’s highly likely that Aviva is knitting, cooking, or listening to a true crime podcast. Beautiful brand identity examples to inspire you How to build a brilliant brand concept 5 steps to building an outstanding personal brand	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1187
__label__wiki	0.75299	0.75299	Doctor of Movies Yearly Top Tens Review – Zombieland: Double Tap (2019) Director: Ruben Fleischer Starring: Woody Harrelson, Jesse Eisenberg, Emma Stone, Abigail Breslin, Zoey Deutch, Avan Jogia, Rosario Dawson For a film that when it came out back in 2009 was viewed as a fun, relatively clever but largely insignificant schlock comedy, Ruben Fleischer’s Zombieland proved to be ahead of the curve. The ten years since its release have seen zombies experience a pop culture resurgence with ten seasons of AMC’s The Walking Dead plus a further five of its spinoff Fear of the Walking Dead. In that same period, Zombieland’s quartet of stars have combined for six Oscar nominations between them, while writers Paul Wernick and Rhett Reese struck it big with Deadpool and Deadpool 2. So even though a decade has passed, it made sense that they would get the band back together for a sequel, and thus we Zombieland: Double Tap. After the best part of a decade on the move, Tallahassee (Woody Harrelson), Columbus (Jesse Eisenberg), Wichita (Emma Stone) and Little Rock (Abigail Breslin) have set up base in the White House, a relative fortress which allows them to live safe from the zombie threat that surrounds them. But with survival no longer immediately occupying them, for all bar Columbus, discontentment starts to set in. Little Rock, now a young woman, is sick of being treated like a kid and wants to get out and find some people her own age. Wichita is starting to wonder whether her relationship with Columbus is legitimate or merely the result of his being the only guy her age she knows who isn’t a zombie. Tallahassee just wants to get back out there and do what he does best, kill some zombies. So it is not long before Wichita and Little Rock, once again, do a runner and leave the boys behind. But when Little Rock then splits from her sister, hooking up with a pacifist musician called Berkeley (Avan Jogia), Wichita re-teams with the guys and they venture out in pursuit of Little Rock as she heads for a supposedly idyllic community known as Babylon. Comedy sequels are notoriously hard to do well, largely because once you have resolved the outrageous situation in which you have placed your characters that creates the grounds for comedy, an attempt to recreate that situation feels transparently contrived (see The Hangover Part II) and the resulting film feels like a pale imitation of the first. In the case of Zombieland, however, that outrageous situation was never resolved. While the first film came to a conclusion, there was never an option for happily ever after. The characters still live in a world overrun by zombies. That is something they will always have to navigate, so it does not feel contrived to check back in with these characters to see how they are doing. Columbus (Jesse Eisenberg), Tallahassee (Woody Harrelson), Little Rock (Abigail Breslin) and Wichita (Emma Stone) Writers Wernick and Reese, joined here by Dave Callaham, shift the film’s focus, though. While the first film was all about the question of how you survive the zombie apocalyse, with our heroes ultimately finding that the key to their survival was sticking together and forming a makeshift family, in Zombieland: Double Tap, while the zombie threat remains, the central question of the film is no longer how do you survive in Zombieland, but how do you live in Zombieland. If a world infested with zombies is the new normal, how do you go about living a normal-ish life there? What does coming of age look like in that world? How do romantic relationships work in that world? Zombieland: Double Tap gives us new and improved zombies. Columbus identifies distinct forms of zombies – Homers, Ninjas , Hawkings and T-800s – each providing their own specific challenge of comic opportunities when encountered. We also meet more human characters. While Little Rock takes off with Berkeley, our remaining trio are joined by ditzy valley girl Madison (Zoey Dutch, who brings some solid laughs), with Tallahassee and Columbus later being confronted by doppelgangers in the form of Albuquerque (Luke Wilson) and Flagstaff (Thomas Middleditch). But while the new elements keep things fresh enough, it is ultimately the ones elements that really make the film work: namely the brilliant chemistry between the four likeable leads; the knowing, pop-culture infused comedy (even if the pop-culture references are stuck in 2009 when the zombie apocalypse struck); and the gruesome violence rendered slapstick comedy by our emotionally detachment from the zombies (The ‘Zombie Kill of the Week’ gag from the first film has been replaced by ‘Zombie Kill of the Year’ this time around). After a few years of not quite hitting the mark with films like Gangster Squad and Venom, Fleischer has rediscovered some of his mojo by going back to where it all began. Gory fun with more than a few genuine laughs, Zombieland: Double Tap is a classic case there being something there for those who enjoyed the original even if the film is not likely to unlock a new audience. While there is undeniably a drop off in quality from the original to the sequel, the film retains enough of what made the first film work to keep the fans happy. Rating: ★★★☆ Review by Duncan McLean Have you seen Zombieland: Double Tap? Leave a comment and let us know what you thought. Written by duncanemclean Posted in Reviews Tagged with Abigail Breslin, Double Tap, Emma Stone, Horror Comedy, Jesse Eisenberg, Ruben Fleischer, Woody Harrelson, Zombieland, Zombies Review – Hustlers (2019) Review – The Irishman (2019) Categories Select Category Analysis Editorials and Opinion Great Movies Links, Pics and Videos News Reviews Six of the Best Uncategorized Twitter: @doctorofmovies See @LittleWomen. It might just be perfect. https://t.co/9sSLqvp5P7 1 day ago A brilliantly creative retort to the Academy’s diversity issues. washingtonpost.com/opinions/2020/… 3 days ago The Rise of Skywalker: A last minute course correction rather than a culmination. doctorofmovies.com/2020/01/09/rev… 1 week ago My belated top ten of 2019. doctorofmovies.com/2020/01/01/doc… 2 weeks ago Where Mean Streets was a young man’s film, alive and overflowing with energy, #TheIrishman is an old man’s film, in… twitter.com/i/web/status/1… 1 month ago Follow @doctorofmovies Instagram: @doctorofmovies See @littlewomenmovie. It might just be perfect. Skyfall in Concert at @sydneyoperahouse. I’ve never done one of these before. Pretty cool. A great day of screenings to round out three years with AFTRS class of 2019. Thank you, @boredolives. #Shining #overlookhotel My worlds colliding. #theboss #scorsese Had an impromptu ‘bring your daughter to work day’ today. This little star is surely now the youngest co-lecturer in @aftrs history. Guest appearance in the Masters today, prattling on about interwoven universe storytelling. Watched Picnic at Hanging Rock for the first time in ages today. It’s a strange and wonderful film.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1192
__label__cc	0.738429	0.261571	Project acronym DIGITALBABY Project The emergence of understanding from the combination of innate mechanisms and visual experience Researcher (PI) Shimon Ullman Summary The goal of this research initiative is to construct large-scale computational modeling of how knowledge of the world emerges from the combination of innate mechanisms and visual experience. The ultimate goal is a ‘digital baby’ model which, through perception and interaction with the world, develops on its own representations of complex concepts that allow it to understand the world around it, in terms of objects, object categories, events, agents, actions, goals, social interactions, etc. A wealth of empirical research in the cognitive sciences have studied how natural concepts in these domains are acquired spontaneously and efficiently from perceptual experience, but a major open challenge is an understating of the processes and computations involved by rigorous testable models. To deal with this challenge we propose a novel methodology based on two components. The first, ‘computational Nativism’, is a computational theory of cognitively and biologically plausible innate structures , which guide the system along specific paths through its acquisition of knowledge, to continuously acquire meaningful concepts, which can be significant to the observer, but statistically inconspicuous in the sensory input. The second, ‘embedded interpretation’ is a new way of acquiring extended learning and interpretation processes. This is obtained by placing perceptual inference mechanisms within a broader perception-action loop, where the actions in the loop are not overt actions, but internal operation over internal representation. The results will provide new modeling and understanding of the age-old problem of how innate mechanisms and perception are combined in human cognition, and may lay foundation for a major research direction dealing with computational cognitive development. The goal of this research initiative is to construct large-scale computational modeling of how knowledge of the world emerges from the combination of innate mechanisms and visual experience. The ultimate goal is a ‘digital baby’ model which, through perception and interaction with the world, develops on its own representations of complex concepts that allow it to understand the world around it, in terms of objects, object categories, events, agents, actions, goals, social interactions, etc. A wealth of empirical research in the cognitive sciences have studied how natural concepts in these domains are acquired spontaneously and efficiently from perceptual experience, but a major open challenge is an understating of the processes and computations involved by rigorous testable models. To deal with this challenge we propose a novel methodology based on two components. The first, ‘computational Nativism’, is a computational theory of cognitively and biologically plausible innate structures , which guide the system along specific paths through its acquisition of knowledge, to continuously acquire meaningful concepts, which can be significant to the observer, but statistically inconspicuous in the sensory input. The second, ‘embedded interpretation’ is a new way of acquiring extended learning and interpretation processes. This is obtained by placing perceptual inference mechanisms within a broader perception-action loop, where the actions in the loop are not overt actions, but internal operation over internal representation. The results will provide new modeling and understanding of the age-old problem of how innate mechanisms and perception are combined in human cognition, and may lay foundation for a major research direction dealing with computational cognitive development. Project acronym MODELING TYPOLOGIES Project Modeling new typologies of economic agents Researcher (PI) Ariel Rubinstein Host Institution (HI) TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY Summary "Economic theory is in a crisis. In our lifetime, we have witnessed revolutions in the field that have enriched economics with new models and concepts: the information revolution in the 70's, the game theory mania in the 80's and to a lesser extent the emergence of models of bounded rationality in the 90's. But it's been a long time since we've seen any exciting developments in economic theory. The first part of the project is methodological. I would like to persuade young researchers that the current style of economic theory is one of the factors behind this stagnation. At the core of this part of the project is a future book discussing the style of modeling in economic theory. My plan is to ""re-write"" a sample of top journals papers and to demonstrate that the ideas in those papers could and should have been presented through much simpler models and in far shorter papers. The above dissatisfaction brings me to the second and more pretentious part of the project. I would like to use my experience in coming up with original models in economic theory in order to construct some truly novel models. I seek a fresh start, to whatever extent that is possible, which would hopefully yield entirely new models based on non-conventional primitives. In particular, I would like to use novel typologies of economic agents. This objective is related to the third part of the project, which is motivated by my recent experimental work. My goal is to find correlations in the behavior of subjects and to use them in defining new ""typologies"" of economic agents. The experiments would involve surveys with large samples (obtained through my pedagogical website gametheory.tau.ac.il and media connections), which are essential for such a task; however, at the same time, I intend to use standard experimental procedures in order to minimize any reservations that might arise regarding my experimental methods." "Economic theory is in a crisis. In our lifetime, we have witnessed revolutions in the field that have enriched economics with new models and concepts: the information revolution in the 70's, the game theory mania in the 80's and to a lesser extent the emergence of models of bounded rationality in the 90's. But it's been a long time since we've seen any exciting developments in economic theory. The first part of the project is methodological. I would like to persuade young researchers that the current style of economic theory is one of the factors behind this stagnation. At the core of this part of the project is a future book discussing the style of modeling in economic theory. My plan is to ""re-write"" a sample of top journals papers and to demonstrate that the ideas in those papers could and should have been presented through much simpler models and in far shorter papers. The above dissatisfaction brings me to the second and more pretentious part of the project. I would like to use my experience in coming up with original models in economic theory in order to construct some truly novel models. I seek a fresh start, to whatever extent that is possible, which would hopefully yield entirely new models based on non-conventional primitives. In particular, I would like to use novel typologies of economic agents. This objective is related to the third part of the project, which is motivated by my recent experimental work. My goal is to find correlations in the behavior of subjects and to use them in defining new ""typologies"" of economic agents. The experiments would involve surveys with large samples (obtained through my pedagogical website gametheory.tau.ac.il and media connections), which are essential for such a task; however, at the same time, I intend to use standard experimental procedures in order to minimize any reservations that might arise regarding my experimental methods." Project acronym NeuroCompSkill Project A neuro-computational account of success and failure in acquiring communication skills Researcher (PI) Merav Ahissar Summary Why do most people acquire expertise with practice whereas others fail to master the same tasks? NeuroCompSkill offers a neuro-computational framework that explains failure in acquiring verbal and non-verbal communication skills. It focuses on individual ability of using task-relevant regularities, postulating that efficient use of such regularities is crucial for acquiring expertise. Specifically, it proposes that using stable temporal regularities, acquired across long time windows (> 3 sec to days) is crucial for the formation of linguistic (phonological, morphological and orthographic) skills. In contrast, fast updating of recent events (within ~ .3- 3 sec), is crucial for the formation of predictions in interactive, social communication. Based on this, I propose that individuals with difficulties in retaining regularities will have difficulties in verbal communication, whereas individuals with difficulties in fast updating will have difficulties in social non-verbal communications. Five inter-related work packages (WP) will test the predictions that: (WP1) behaviourally – individuals with language and reading difficulties will have impoverished categorical representations, whereas individuals with non-verbal difficulties will be slow in adapting to changed statistics. (WP2) developmentally – poor detection of relevant regularities will be an early marker of related difficulties. (WP3) computationally – profiles of impaired inference will match the predicted time window. (WP4) neuronally – dynamics of neural adaptation will match the dynamics of behavioural inference. (WP5) structurally – different brain structures will be associated with the different time windows of inference. NeuroCompSkill is ground-breaking in proposing a unifying, theory based, testable principle, which explains core difficulties in two prevalent developmental communication disorders. Its 5 WPs will lay the foundations of a comprehensive approach to failure in skill acquisition. Why do most people acquire expertise with practice whereas others fail to master the same tasks? NeuroCompSkill offers a neuro-computational framework that explains failure in acquiring verbal and non-verbal communication skills. It focuses on individual ability of using task-relevant regularities, postulating that efficient use of such regularities is crucial for acquiring expertise. Specifically, it proposes that using stable temporal regularities, acquired across long time windows (> 3 sec to days) is crucial for the formation of linguistic (phonological, morphological and orthographic) skills. In contrast, fast updating of recent events (within ~ .3- 3 sec), is crucial for the formation of predictions in interactive, social communication. Based on this, I propose that individuals with difficulties in retaining regularities will have difficulties in verbal communication, whereas individuals with difficulties in fast updating will have difficulties in social non-verbal communications. Five inter-related work packages (WP) will test the predictions that: (WP1) behaviourally – individuals with language and reading difficulties will have impoverished categorical representations, whereas individuals with non-verbal difficulties will be slow in adapting to changed statistics. (WP2) developmentally – poor detection of relevant regularities will be an early marker of related difficulties. (WP3) computationally – profiles of impaired inference will match the predicted time window. (WP4) neuronally – dynamics of neural adaptation will match the dynamics of behavioural inference. (WP5) structurally – different brain structures will be associated with the different time windows of inference. NeuroCompSkill is ground-breaking in proposing a unifying, theory based, testable principle, which explains core difficulties in two prevalent developmental communication disorders. Its 5 WPs will lay the foundations of a comprehensive approach to failure in skill acquisition.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1198
__label__cc	0.564628	0.435372	Displaying 1 - 10 of 18. Show 10 results per page. Project acronym ACTIVATION OF XCI Project Molecular mechanisms controlling X chromosome inactivation Researcher (PI) Joost Henk Gribnau Summary In mammals, gene dosage of X-chromosomal genes is equalized between sexes by random inactivation of either one of the two X chromosomes in female cells. In the initial phase of X chromosome inactivation (XCI), a counting and initiation process determines the number of X chromosomes per nucleus, and elects the future inactive X chromosome (Xi). Xist is an X-encoded gene that plays a crucial role in the XCI process. At the start of XCI Xist expression is up-regulated and Xist RNA accumulates on the future Xi thereby initiating silencing in cis. Recent work performed in my laboratory indicates that the counting and initiation process is directed by a stochastic mechanism, in which each X chromosome has an independent probability to be inactivated. We also found that this probability is determined by the X:ploïdy ratio. These results indicated the presence of at least one X-linked activator of XCI. With a BAC screen we recently identified X-encoded RNF12 to be a dose-dependent activator of XCI. Expression of RNF12 correlates with Xist expression, and a heterozygous deletion of Rnf12 results in a marked loss of XCI in female cells. The presence of a small proportion of cells that still initiate XCI, in Rnf12+/- cells, also indicated that more XCI-activators are involved in XCI. Here, we propose to investigate the molecular mechanism by which RNF12 activates XCI in mouse and human, and to search for additional XCI-activators. We will also attempt to establish the role of different inhibitors of XCI, including CTCF and the pluripotency factors OCT4, SOX2 and NANOG. We anticipate that these studies will significantly advance our understanding of XCI mechanisms, which is highly relevant for a better insight in the manifestation of X-linked diseases that are affected by XCI. In mammals, gene dosage of X-chromosomal genes is equalized between sexes by random inactivation of either one of the two X chromosomes in female cells. In the initial phase of X chromosome inactivation (XCI), a counting and initiation process determines the number of X chromosomes per nucleus, and elects the future inactive X chromosome (Xi). Xist is an X-encoded gene that plays a crucial role in the XCI process. At the start of XCI Xist expression is up-regulated and Xist RNA accumulates on the future Xi thereby initiating silencing in cis. Recent work performed in my laboratory indicates that the counting and initiation process is directed by a stochastic mechanism, in which each X chromosome has an independent probability to be inactivated. We also found that this probability is determined by the X:ploïdy ratio. These results indicated the presence of at least one X-linked activator of XCI. With a BAC screen we recently identified X-encoded RNF12 to be a dose-dependent activator of XCI. Expression of RNF12 correlates with Xist expression, and a heterozygous deletion of Rnf12 results in a marked loss of XCI in female cells. The presence of a small proportion of cells that still initiate XCI, in Rnf12+/- cells, also indicated that more XCI-activators are involved in XCI. Here, we propose to investigate the molecular mechanism by which RNF12 activates XCI in mouse and human, and to search for additional XCI-activators. We will also attempt to establish the role of different inhibitors of XCI, including CTCF and the pluripotency factors OCT4, SOX2 and NANOG. We anticipate that these studies will significantly advance our understanding of XCI mechanisms, which is highly relevant for a better insight in the manifestation of X-linked diseases that are affected by XCI. Project acronym ADDICTIONCIRCUITS Project Drug addiction: molecular changes in reward and aversion circuits Researcher (PI) Nils David Engblom Summary Our affective and motivational state is important for our decisions, actions and quality of life. Many pathological conditions affect this state. For example, addictive drugs are hyperactivating the reward system and trigger a strong motivation for continued drug intake, whereas many somatic and psychiatric diseases lead to an aversive state, characterized by loss of motivation. I will study specific neural circuits and mechanisms underlying reward and aversion, and how pathological signaling in these systems can trigger relapse in drug addiction. Given the important role of the dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain for many aspects of reward signaling, I will study how synaptic plasticity in these cells, and in their target neurons in the striatum, contribute to relapse in drug seeking. I will also study the circuits underlying aversion. Little is known about these circuits, but my hypothesis is that an important component of aversion is signaled by a specific neuronal population in the brainstem parabrachial nucleus, projecting to the central amygdala. We will test this hypothesis and also determine how this aversion circuit contributes to the persistence of addiction and to relapse. To dissect this complicated system, I am developing new genetic methods for manipulating and visualizing specific functional circuits in the mouse brain. My unique combination of state-of-the-art competence in transgenics and cutting edge knowledge in the anatomy and functional organization of the circuits behind reward and aversion should allow me to decode these systems, linking discrete circuits to behavior. Collectively, the results will indicate how signals encoding aversion and reward are integrated to control addictive behavior and they may identify novel avenues for treatment of drug addiction as well as aversion-related symptoms affecting patients with chronic inflammatory conditions and cancer. Our affective and motivational state is important for our decisions, actions and quality of life. Many pathological conditions affect this state. For example, addictive drugs are hyperactivating the reward system and trigger a strong motivation for continued drug intake, whereas many somatic and psychiatric diseases lead to an aversive state, characterized by loss of motivation. I will study specific neural circuits and mechanisms underlying reward and aversion, and how pathological signaling in these systems can trigger relapse in drug addiction. Given the important role of the dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain for many aspects of reward signaling, I will study how synaptic plasticity in these cells, and in their target neurons in the striatum, contribute to relapse in drug seeking. I will also study the circuits underlying aversion. Little is known about these circuits, but my hypothesis is that an important component of aversion is signaled by a specific neuronal population in the brainstem parabrachial nucleus, projecting to the central amygdala. We will test this hypothesis and also determine how this aversion circuit contributes to the persistence of addiction and to relapse. To dissect this complicated system, I am developing new genetic methods for manipulating and visualizing specific functional circuits in the mouse brain. My unique combination of state-of-the-art competence in transgenics and cutting edge knowledge in the anatomy and functional organization of the circuits behind reward and aversion should allow me to decode these systems, linking discrete circuits to behavior. Collectively, the results will indicate how signals encoding aversion and reward are integrated to control addictive behavior and they may identify novel avenues for treatment of drug addiction as well as aversion-related symptoms affecting patients with chronic inflammatory conditions and cancer. Project acronym BRAINCELL Project Charting the landscape of brain development by large-scale single-cell transcriptomics and phylogenetic lineage reconstruction Researcher (PI) Sten Linnarsson Summary Embryogenesis is the temporal unfolding of cellular processes: proliferation, migration, differentiation, morphogenesis, apoptosis and functional specialization. These processes are well understood in specific tissues, and for specific cell types. Nevertheless, our systematic knowledge of the types of cells present in the developing and adult animal, and about their functional and lineage relationships, is limited. For example, there is no consensus on the number of cell types, and many important stem cells and progenitors remain to be discovered. Similarly, the lineage relationships between specific cell types are often poorly characterized. This is particularly true for the mammalian nervous system. We have developed (1) a reliable high-throghput method for sequencing all transcripts in 96 single cells at a time; and (2) a system for high-throughput phylogenetic lineage reconstruction. We now propose to characterize embryogenesis using a shotgun approach borrowed from genomics. Tissues will be dissected from multiple stages and dissociated to single cells. A total of 10,000 cells will be analyzed by RNA sequencing, revealing their functional cell type, their lineage relationships, and their current state (e.g. cell cycle phase). The novel approach proposed here will bring the powerful strategies pioneered in genomics into the field of developmental biology, including automation, digitization, and the random shotgun method. The data thus obtained will bring clarity to the concept of ‘cell type’; will provide a first catalog of mouse brain cell types with deep functional annotation; will provide markers for every cell type, including stem cells; and will serve as a basis for future comparative work, especially with human embryos. Embryogenesis is the temporal unfolding of cellular processes: proliferation, migration, differentiation, morphogenesis, apoptosis and functional specialization. These processes are well understood in specific tissues, and for specific cell types. Nevertheless, our systematic knowledge of the types of cells present in the developing and adult animal, and about their functional and lineage relationships, is limited. For example, there is no consensus on the number of cell types, and many important stem cells and progenitors remain to be discovered. Similarly, the lineage relationships between specific cell types are often poorly characterized. This is particularly true for the mammalian nervous system. We have developed (1) a reliable high-throghput method for sequencing all transcripts in 96 single cells at a time; and (2) a system for high-throughput phylogenetic lineage reconstruction. We now propose to characterize embryogenesis using a shotgun approach borrowed from genomics. Tissues will be dissected from multiple stages and dissociated to single cells. A total of 10,000 cells will be analyzed by RNA sequencing, revealing their functional cell type, their lineage relationships, and their current state (e.g. cell cycle phase). The novel approach proposed here will bring the powerful strategies pioneered in genomics into the field of developmental biology, including automation, digitization, and the random shotgun method. The data thus obtained will bring clarity to the concept of ‘cell type’; will provide a first catalog of mouse brain cell types with deep functional annotation; will provide markers for every cell type, including stem cells; and will serve as a basis for future comparative work, especially with human embryos. Project acronym CBSCS Project Physiology of the adult carotid body stem cell niche Researcher (PI) Ricardo Pardal Host Institution (HI) UNIVERSIDAD DE SEVILLA Summary The discovery of adult neural stem cells (NSCs) has broaden our view of the physiological plasticity of the nervous system, and has opened new perspectives on the possibility of tissue regeneration and repair in the brain. NSCs reside in specialized niches in the adult mammalian nervous system, where they are exposed to specific paracrine signals regulating their behavior. These neural progenitors are generally in a quiescent state within their niche, and they activate their proliferation depending on tissue regenerative and growth needs. Understanding the mechanisms by which NSCs enter and exit the quiescent state is crucial for the comprehension of the physiology of the adult nervous system. In this project we will study the behavior of a specific subpopulation of adult neural stem cells recently described by our group in the carotid body (CB). This small organ constitutes the most important chemosensor of the peripheral nervous system and has neuronal glomus cells responsible for the chemosensing, and glia-like sustentacular cells which were thought to have just a supportive role. We recently described that these sustentacular cells are dormant stem cells able to activate their proliferation in response to a physiological stimulus like hypoxia, and to differentiate into new glomus cells necessary for the adaptation of the organ. Due to our precise experimental control of the activation and deactivation of the CB neurogenic niche, we believe the CB is an ideal model to study fundamental questions about adult neural stem cell physiology and the interaction with the niche. We propose to study the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which these carotid body stem cells enter and exit the quiescent state, which will help us understand the physiology of adult neurogenic niches. Likewise, understanding this neurogenic process will improve the efficacy of using glomus cells for cell therapy against neurological disease, and might help us understand some neural tumors. The discovery of adult neural stem cells (NSCs) has broaden our view of the physiological plasticity of the nervous system, and has opened new perspectives on the possibility of tissue regeneration and repair in the brain. NSCs reside in specialized niches in the adult mammalian nervous system, where they are exposed to specific paracrine signals regulating their behavior. These neural progenitors are generally in a quiescent state within their niche, and they activate their proliferation depending on tissue regenerative and growth needs. Understanding the mechanisms by which NSCs enter and exit the quiescent state is crucial for the comprehension of the physiology of the adult nervous system. In this project we will study the behavior of a specific subpopulation of adult neural stem cells recently described by our group in the carotid body (CB). This small organ constitutes the most important chemosensor of the peripheral nervous system and has neuronal glomus cells responsible for the chemosensing, and glia-like sustentacular cells which were thought to have just a supportive role. We recently described that these sustentacular cells are dormant stem cells able to activate their proliferation in response to a physiological stimulus like hypoxia, and to differentiate into new glomus cells necessary for the adaptation of the organ. Due to our precise experimental control of the activation and deactivation of the CB neurogenic niche, we believe the CB is an ideal model to study fundamental questions about adult neural stem cell physiology and the interaction with the niche. We propose to study the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which these carotid body stem cells enter and exit the quiescent state, which will help us understand the physiology of adult neurogenic niches. Likewise, understanding this neurogenic process will improve the efficacy of using glomus cells for cell therapy against neurological disease, and might help us understand some neural tumors. Project acronym CLR SENSING NECROSIS Project Immune Functions of Myeloid Syk-coupled C-type Lectin Receptors Sensing Necrosis Researcher (PI) David Sancho Madrid Host Institution (HI) CENTRO NACIONAL DE INVESTIGACIONESCARDIOVASCULARES CARLOS III (F.S.P.) Summary Necrosis triggers an inflammatory response driven by macrophages that normally contributes to tissue repair but, under certain conditions, can induce a state of chronic inflammation that forms the basis of many diseases. In addition, dendritic cell (DC)-mediated presentation of antigens from necrotic cells can trigger adaptive immunity in infection-free situations, such as autoimmunity or therapy-induced tumour rejection. Recently, we and others have identified the myeloid C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) CLEC9A (DNGR-1), in DC, and Mincle, in macrophages, as receptors for necrotic cells that can signal via the Syk kinase. Previous studies on similar Syk-coupled CLRs showed that Dectin-1 and Dectin-2 can induce innate and adaptive immune responses. We thus hypothesise that recognition of cell death by myeloid Syk-coupled CLRs is at the root of immune pathologies associated with accumulation of dead cells. The overall objective of this proposal is to investigate necrosis sensing by myeloid cells as a trigger of immunity and to study the underlying molecular mechanisms. Our first goal is to characterise signalling and gene induction via CLEC9A as a model necrosis receptor in DCs. Second, we will investigate the role of myeloid Syk-coupled necrosis-sensing CLRs in animal models of atherosclerosis, lupus and immunity to chemotherapy-treated tumours. Our preliminary data suggest that additional receptors can couple necrosis recognition to the Syk pathway in DC; thus, our third aim is to identify novel myeloid Syk-coupled receptors for necrotic cells. Characterisation of the outcomes of sensing necrosis by myeloid Syk-coupled receptors and their effect on the proposed pathologies promises to identify new mechanisms and targets for the treatment of these diseases. Necrosis triggers an inflammatory response driven by macrophages that normally contributes to tissue repair but, under certain conditions, can induce a state of chronic inflammation that forms the basis of many diseases. In addition, dendritic cell (DC)-mediated presentation of antigens from necrotic cells can trigger adaptive immunity in infection-free situations, such as autoimmunity or therapy-induced tumour rejection. Recently, we and others have identified the myeloid C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) CLEC9A (DNGR-1), in DC, and Mincle, in macrophages, as receptors for necrotic cells that can signal via the Syk kinase. Previous studies on similar Syk-coupled CLRs showed that Dectin-1 and Dectin-2 can induce innate and adaptive immune responses. We thus hypothesise that recognition of cell death by myeloid Syk-coupled CLRs is at the root of immune pathologies associated with accumulation of dead cells. The overall objective of this proposal is to investigate necrosis sensing by myeloid cells as a trigger of immunity and to study the underlying molecular mechanisms. Our first goal is to characterise signalling and gene induction via CLEC9A as a model necrosis receptor in DCs. Second, we will investigate the role of myeloid Syk-coupled necrosis-sensing CLRs in animal models of atherosclerosis, lupus and immunity to chemotherapy-treated tumours. Our preliminary data suggest that additional receptors can couple necrosis recognition to the Syk pathway in DC; thus, our third aim is to identify novel myeloid Syk-coupled receptors for necrotic cells. Characterisation of the outcomes of sensing necrosis by myeloid Syk-coupled receptors and their effect on the proposed pathologies promises to identify new mechanisms and targets for the treatment of these diseases. Project acronym ENCODING IN AXONS Project Identifying mechanisms of information encoding in myelinated single axons Researcher (PI) Maarten Kole Host Institution (HI) KONINKLIJKE NEDERLANDSE AKADEMIE VAN WETENSCHAPPEN - KNAW Summary A major challenge in neuroscience is to understand how information is stored and coded within single nerve cells (neurons) and across neuron populations in the brain. Nerve cell fibres (axons) are thought to provide the wiring to connect neurons and conduct the electrical nerve impulse (action potential; AP). Recent discoveries, however, show that the initial part of axons actively participates in modulating APs and providing a means to enhance the computational repertoire of neurons in the central nervous system. To decrease the temporal delay in information transmission over long distances most axons are myelinated. Here, we will test the hypothesis that the degree of myelination of single axons directly and indirectly influences the mechanisms of AP generation and neural coding. We will use a novel approach of patch-clamp recording combined with immunohistochemical and ultrastructural identification to develop a detailed model of single myelinated neocortical axons. We also will investigate the neuron-glia interactions responsible for the myelination process and measure whether their development follows an activity-dependent process. Finally, we will elucidate the physiological and molecular similarities and discrepancies between myelinated and experimentally demyelinated single neocortical axons. These studies will provide a novel methodological framework to study central nervous system axons and yield basic insights into myelin physiology and pathophysiology. A major challenge in neuroscience is to understand how information is stored and coded within single nerve cells (neurons) and across neuron populations in the brain. Nerve cell fibres (axons) are thought to provide the wiring to connect neurons and conduct the electrical nerve impulse (action potential; AP). Recent discoveries, however, show that the initial part of axons actively participates in modulating APs and providing a means to enhance the computational repertoire of neurons in the central nervous system. To decrease the temporal delay in information transmission over long distances most axons are myelinated. Here, we will test the hypothesis that the degree of myelination of single axons directly and indirectly influences the mechanisms of AP generation and neural coding. We will use a novel approach of patch-clamp recording combined with immunohistochemical and ultrastructural identification to develop a detailed model of single myelinated neocortical axons. We also will investigate the neuron-glia interactions responsible for the myelination process and measure whether their development follows an activity-dependent process. Finally, we will elucidate the physiological and molecular similarities and discrepancies between myelinated and experimentally demyelinated single neocortical axons. These studies will provide a novel methodological framework to study central nervous system axons and yield basic insights into myelin physiology and pathophysiology. Project acronym ENDOSWITCH Project Network Principles of Neuroendocrine Control: Tuberoinfundibular Dopamine (TIDA) Oscillations and the Regulation of Lactation Researcher (PI) Carl Christian Broberger Summary The hypothalamus is essential for our survival and orchestrates every vital function of the body, from defence against predators and energy metabolism to reproduction. Yet, the network mechanisms underlying these actions remain largely hidden in a black box . Here, we will focus on the hypothalamic neuroendocrine system, where we have identified a novel robust network oscillation in the tuberoinfundibular dopamine (TIDA) neurons that control prolactin release. This oscillation is synchronized between neurons via gap junctions, and phasic firing is transformed into tonic discharge by compounds that functionally oppose neuroendocrine dopamine actions. Using this novel preparation, we will investigate the 1) the cellular (conductance) and network (connectivity) mechanisms underlying TIDA rhythmicity; 2) how TIDA activity is affected by hormones and transmitters that affect lactation; 3) the functional significance of phasic vs. tonic discharge in the regulation of dopamine release and lactation; and 4) the generality of TIDA cellular and network properties to other parvocellular neuron populations. These questions will be addressed through several in vitro and in vivo electrophysiological techniques, including slice whole-cell recording, extracellular in vivo recording, voltammetry and optical recording. These experiments will provide novel insight into the link between network interactions and behaviour, and have important clinical implications for e.g. endocrine and reproductive disorders. The hypothalamus is essential for our survival and orchestrates every vital function of the body, from defence against predators and energy metabolism to reproduction. Yet, the network mechanisms underlying these actions remain largely hidden in a black box . Here, we will focus on the hypothalamic neuroendocrine system, where we have identified a novel robust network oscillation in the tuberoinfundibular dopamine (TIDA) neurons that control prolactin release. This oscillation is synchronized between neurons via gap junctions, and phasic firing is transformed into tonic discharge by compounds that functionally oppose neuroendocrine dopamine actions. Using this novel preparation, we will investigate the 1) the cellular (conductance) and network (connectivity) mechanisms underlying TIDA rhythmicity; 2) how TIDA activity is affected by hormones and transmitters that affect lactation; 3) the functional significance of phasic vs. tonic discharge in the regulation of dopamine release and lactation; and 4) the generality of TIDA cellular and network properties to other parvocellular neuron populations. These questions will be addressed through several in vitro and in vivo electrophysiological techniques, including slice whole-cell recording, extracellular in vivo recording, voltammetry and optical recording. These experiments will provide novel insight into the link between network interactions and behaviour, and have important clinical implications for e.g. endocrine and reproductive disorders. Project acronym INTERIMPACT Project Impact of identified interneurons on cellular network mechanisms in the human and rodent neocortex Researcher (PI) Gábor Tamás Host Institution (HI) Szegedi Tudomanyegyetem - Hungarian-Netherlands School of Educational Management Call Details Advanced Grant (AdG), LS5, ERC-2010-AdG_20100317 Summary This application addresses mechanisms linking the activity of single neurons with network events by defining the function of identified cell types in the cerebral cortex. The key hypotheses emerged from our experiments and propose that neurogliaform cells and axo-axonic cells achieve their function in the cortex through extreme forms of unspecificity and specificity, respectively. The project capitalizes on our discovery that neurogliaform cells reach GABAA and GABAB receptors on target cells through unitary volume transmission going beyond the classical theory which states that single cortical neurons act in or around synaptic junctions. We propose that the spatial unspecificity of neurotransmitter action leads to unprecedented functional capabilities for a single neuron simultaneously acting on neuronal, glial and vascular components of the surrounding area allowing neurogliaform cells to synchronize metabolic demand and supply in microcircuits. In contrast, axo-axonic cells represent extreme spatial specificity in the brain: terminals of axo-axonic cells exclusively target the axon initial segment of pyramidal neurons. Axo-axonic cells were considered as the most potent inhibitory neurons of the cortex. However, our experiments suggested that axo-axonic cells can be the most powerful excitatory neurons known to date by triggering complex network events. Our unprecedented recordings in the human cortex show that axo-axonic cells are crucial in activating functional assemblies which were implicated in higher order cognitive representations. We aim to define interactions between active cortical networks and axo-axonic cell triggered assemblies with an emphasis on mechanisms modulated by neurogliaform cells and commonly prescribed drugs. This application addresses mechanisms linking the activity of single neurons with network events by defining the function of identified cell types in the cerebral cortex. The key hypotheses emerged from our experiments and propose that neurogliaform cells and axo-axonic cells achieve their function in the cortex through extreme forms of unspecificity and specificity, respectively. The project capitalizes on our discovery that neurogliaform cells reach GABAA and GABAB receptors on target cells through unitary volume transmission going beyond the classical theory which states that single cortical neurons act in or around synaptic junctions. We propose that the spatial unspecificity of neurotransmitter action leads to unprecedented functional capabilities for a single neuron simultaneously acting on neuronal, glial and vascular components of the surrounding area allowing neurogliaform cells to synchronize metabolic demand and supply in microcircuits. In contrast, axo-axonic cells represent extreme spatial specificity in the brain: terminals of axo-axonic cells exclusively target the axon initial segment of pyramidal neurons. Axo-axonic cells were considered as the most potent inhibitory neurons of the cortex. However, our experiments suggested that axo-axonic cells can be the most powerful excitatory neurons known to date by triggering complex network events. Our unprecedented recordings in the human cortex show that axo-axonic cells are crucial in activating functional assemblies which were implicated in higher order cognitive representations. We aim to define interactions between active cortical networks and axo-axonic cell triggered assemblies with an emphasis on mechanisms modulated by neurogliaform cells and commonly prescribed drugs. Project acronym LIFE-HIS-T Project Mapping the life histories of T cells Researcher (PI) Antonius Nicolaas Maria Schumacher Host Institution (HI) STICHTING HET NEDERLANDS KANKER INSTITUUT-ANTONI VAN LEEUWENHOEK ZIEKENHUIS Summary T cells display many different phenotypes and functions, depending on the nature of previously encountered signals. If we want to understand how these different T cell subsets arise, we need to be able to follow individual T cells and their progeny through time. With the aim to map the life histories of individual T cells we have developed unique technologies that allow us to determine whether different T cell populations arise from common or distinct progenitors. Within this project we will utilize genetic reporter systems to determine: 1. How T cell recruitment, proliferation and death shape antigen-specific T cell responses 2. At which stage the resulting T cells commit to the effector or the memory T cell lineage 3. The self renewal potential of the tissue-resident memory T cells that remain after infection is cleared By following T cells and their progeny through time, this project will describe the regulation of cell fate in antigen-specific T cell responses. Furthermore, this project will lead to the creation of novel reporters of cellular history that will be of broad value to analyze cell fate and kinship for a variety of cell types. T cells display many different phenotypes and functions, depending on the nature of previously encountered signals. If we want to understand how these different T cell subsets arise, we need to be able to follow individual T cells and their progeny through time. With the aim to map the life histories of individual T cells we have developed unique technologies that allow us to determine whether different T cell populations arise from common or distinct progenitors. Within this project we will utilize genetic reporter systems to determine: 1. How T cell recruitment, proliferation and death shape antigen-specific T cell responses 2. At which stage the resulting T cells commit to the effector or the memory T cell lineage 3. The self renewal potential of the tissue-resident memory T cells that remain after infection is cleared By following T cells and their progeny through time, this project will describe the regulation of cell fate in antigen-specific T cell responses. Furthermore, this project will lead to the creation of novel reporters of cellular history that will be of broad value to analyze cell fate and kinship for a variety of cell types. Project acronym LONGCHROM Project Chromosome Segregation and Aneuploidy Researcher (PI) Manuel Ernesto Mendoza Palomares Host Institution (HI) FUNDACIO CENTRE DE REGULACIO GENOMICA Summary Accurate partitioning of the genetic material during cell division is critical for genetic stability. Defects in chromosome segregation produce aneuploidy, an unequal distribution of chromosomes between daughter cells, which is cause of developmental defects, and one of the cancer hallmarks. To ensure error-free transmission of chromosomes, feedback control systems verify that processes at each stage of the cycle have been completed before progression into the next stage. In particular, the spindle assembly checkpoint prevents initiation of anaphase until chromosomes attach properly to the spindle, whereas the NoCut checkpoint, which I identified, delays cytokinesis until chromosome segregation is complete. The discovery of NoCut, which is conserved from yeast to humans, reveals that eukaryotic cells monitor chromosome segregation during anaphase. The molecular mechanisms of this, and potentially other anaphase feedback controls remain obscure. The goal of this proposal is to achieve a detailed understanding of the mechanisms coordinating chromosome segregation and cytokinesis. Key to this task will be the experimental manipulation of chromosome architecture in budding yeast, which allows the generation of cells with extra long chromosome arms. Using this strategy, we have already uncovered one novel feedback system, which monitors axial chromosome compaction during anaphase. We will investigate this and other anaphase controls through a multidisciplinary approach, which combines genetic techniques with state-of-the-art live cell microscopy, genomics and proteomics. We will characterize the feedback mechanism controlling chromosome compaction, and the molecular basis of chromosome segregation errors during anaphase. The relevance of these novel processes will be confirmed by analysis of cell division in animal cells and in a Drosophila tumour model. These approaches will advance our understanding of how eukaryotic cells prevent aneuploidy and tumorigenesis. Accurate partitioning of the genetic material during cell division is critical for genetic stability. Defects in chromosome segregation produce aneuploidy, an unequal distribution of chromosomes between daughter cells, which is cause of developmental defects, and one of the cancer hallmarks. To ensure error-free transmission of chromosomes, feedback control systems verify that processes at each stage of the cycle have been completed before progression into the next stage. In particular, the spindle assembly checkpoint prevents initiation of anaphase until chromosomes attach properly to the spindle, whereas the NoCut checkpoint, which I identified, delays cytokinesis until chromosome segregation is complete. The discovery of NoCut, which is conserved from yeast to humans, reveals that eukaryotic cells monitor chromosome segregation during anaphase. The molecular mechanisms of this, and potentially other anaphase feedback controls remain obscure. The goal of this proposal is to achieve a detailed understanding of the mechanisms coordinating chromosome segregation and cytokinesis. Key to this task will be the experimental manipulation of chromosome architecture in budding yeast, which allows the generation of cells with extra long chromosome arms. Using this strategy, we have already uncovered one novel feedback system, which monitors axial chromosome compaction during anaphase. We will investigate this and other anaphase controls through a multidisciplinary approach, which combines genetic techniques with state-of-the-art live cell microscopy, genomics and proteomics. We will characterize the feedback mechanism controlling chromosome compaction, and the molecular basis of chromosome segregation errors during anaphase. The relevance of these novel processes will be confirmed by analysis of cell division in animal cells and in a Drosophila tumour model. These approaches will advance our understanding of how eukaryotic cells prevent aneuploidy and tumorigenesis.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1199
__label__wiki	0.608704	0.608704	(-) Remove Switzerland (3) filter Switzerland (3) Project acronym ABLASE Project Advanced Bioderived and Biocompatible Lasers Researcher (PI) Malte Christian Gather Host Institution (HI) THE UNIVERSITY COURT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ST ANDREWS Summary Naturally occurring optical phenomena attract great attention and transform our ability to study biological processes, with “the discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein (GFP)” (Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2008) being a particularly successful example. Although found only in very few species in nature, most organisms can be genetically programmed to produce the brightly fluorescent GFP molecules. Combined with modern fluorescence detection schemes, this has led to entirely new ways of monitoring biological processes. The applicant now demonstrated a biological laser – a completely novel, living source of coherent light based on a single biological cell bioengineered to produce GFP. Such a laser is intrinsically biocompatible, thus offering unique properties not shared by any existing laser. However, the physical processes involved in lasing from GFP remain poorly understood and so far biological lasers rely on bulky, impractical external resonators for optical feedback. Within this project, the applicant and his team will develop for the first time an understanding of stimulated emission in GFP and related proteins and create an unprecedented stand-alone single-cell biolaser based on intracellular optical feedback. These lasers will be deployed as microscopic and biocompatible imaging probes, thus opening in vivo microscopy to dense wavelength-multiplexing and enabling unmatched sensing of biomolecules and mechanical pressure. The evolutionarily evolved nano-structure of GFP will also enable novel ways of studying strong light-matter coupling and will bio-inspire advances of synthetic emitters. The proposed project is inter-disciplinary by its very nature, bridging photonics, genetic engineering and material science. The applicant’s previous pioneering work and synergies with work on other lasers developed at the applicant’s host institution provide an exclusive competitive edge. ERC support would transform this into a truly novel field of research. Naturally occurring optical phenomena attract great attention and transform our ability to study biological processes, with “the discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein (GFP)” (Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2008) being a particularly successful example. Although found only in very few species in nature, most organisms can be genetically programmed to produce the brightly fluorescent GFP molecules. Combined with modern fluorescence detection schemes, this has led to entirely new ways of monitoring biological processes. The applicant now demonstrated a biological laser – a completely novel, living source of coherent light based on a single biological cell bioengineered to produce GFP. Such a laser is intrinsically biocompatible, thus offering unique properties not shared by any existing laser. However, the physical processes involved in lasing from GFP remain poorly understood and so far biological lasers rely on bulky, impractical external resonators for optical feedback. Within this project, the applicant and his team will develop for the first time an understanding of stimulated emission in GFP and related proteins and create an unprecedented stand-alone single-cell biolaser based on intracellular optical feedback. These lasers will be deployed as microscopic and biocompatible imaging probes, thus opening in vivo microscopy to dense wavelength-multiplexing and enabling unmatched sensing of biomolecules and mechanical pressure. The evolutionarily evolved nano-structure of GFP will also enable novel ways of studying strong light-matter coupling and will bio-inspire advances of synthetic emitters. The proposed project is inter-disciplinary by its very nature, bridging photonics, genetic engineering and material science. The applicant’s previous pioneering work and synergies with work on other lasers developed at the applicant’s host institution provide an exclusive competitive edge. ERC support would transform this into a truly novel field of research. Project acronym AFRIGOS Project African Governance and Space: Transport Corridors, Border Towns and Port Cities in Transition Researcher (PI) Paul Christopher Nugent Host Institution (HI) THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH Summary AFRIGOS investigates the process of 'respacing' Africa, a political drive towards regional and continental integration, on the one hand, and the re-casting of Africa's engagement with the global economy, on the other. This is reflected in unprecedented levels of investment in physical and communications infrastructure, and the outsourcing of key functions of Customs, Immigration and security agencies. AFRIGOS poses the question of how far respacing is genuinely forging institutions that are facilitating or obstructing the movement of people and goods; that are enabling or preventing urban and border spaces from being more effectively and responsively governed; and that take into account the needs of African populations whose livelihoods are rooted in mobility and informality. The principal research questions are approached through a comparative study of port cities, border towns and other strategic nodes situated along the busiest transport corridors in East, Central, West and Southern Africa. These represent sites of remarkable dynamism and cosmopolitanism, which reflects their role in connecting African urban centres to each other and to other global cities. AFRIGOS considers how governance 'assemblages' are forged at different scales and is explicitly comparative. It works through 5 connected Streams that address specific questions: 1. AGENDA-SETTING is concerned with policy (re-)formulation. 2. PERIPHERAL URBANISM examines governance in border towns and port cities. 3. BORDER WORKERS addresses everyday governance emerging through the interaction of officials and others who make their livelihoods from the border. 4. CONNECTIVE INFRASTRUCTURE looks as the transformative effects of new technologies. 5. PEOPLE & GOODS IN MOTION traces the passage of people and goods and the regimes of regulation to which they are subjected. AFRIGOS contributes to interdisciplinary research on borderland studies, multi-level governance and the everyday state. AFRIGOS investigates the process of 'respacing' Africa, a political drive towards regional and continental integration, on the one hand, and the re-casting of Africa's engagement with the global economy, on the other. This is reflected in unprecedented levels of investment in physical and communications infrastructure, and the outsourcing of key functions of Customs, Immigration and security agencies. AFRIGOS poses the question of how far respacing is genuinely forging institutions that are facilitating or obstructing the movement of people and goods; that are enabling or preventing urban and border spaces from being more effectively and responsively governed; and that take into account the needs of African populations whose livelihoods are rooted in mobility and informality. The principal research questions are approached through a comparative study of port cities, border towns and other strategic nodes situated along the busiest transport corridors in East, Central, West and Southern Africa. These represent sites of remarkable dynamism and cosmopolitanism, which reflects their role in connecting African urban centres to each other and to other global cities. AFRIGOS considers how governance 'assemblages' are forged at different scales and is explicitly comparative. It works through 5 connected Streams that address specific questions: 1. AGENDA-SETTING is concerned with policy (re-)formulation. 2. PERIPHERAL URBANISM examines governance in border towns and port cities. 3. BORDER WORKERS addresses everyday governance emerging through the interaction of officials and others who make their livelihoods from the border. 4. CONNECTIVE INFRASTRUCTURE looks as the transformative effects of new technologies. 5. PEOPLE & GOODS IN MOTION traces the passage of people and goods and the regimes of regulation to which they are subjected. AFRIGOS contributes to interdisciplinary research on borderland studies, multi-level governance and the everyday state. Project acronym aidsocpro Project Aiding Social Protection: the political economy of externally financing social policy in developing countries Researcher (PI) Andrew Martin Fischer Host Institution (HI) ERASMUS UNIVERSITEIT ROTTERDAM Summary This research proposal explores the political economy of international development assistance (aid) directed towards social expenditures, examined through the lens of a particular financial quandary that has been ignored in the literature despite having important economic and political repercussions. The quandary is that aid cannot be directly spent on expenditures denominated in domestic currency. Instead, aid needs to be first converted into domestic currency whereas the foreign exchange provided is used for other purposes, resulting in a process prone to complex politics regarding domestic monetary policy and spending commitments. The implications require a serious rethink of many of the accepted premises in the political economy of aid and related literatures. It is urgent to engage in this rethinking given tensions between two dynamics in the current global political economy: a tightening financial cycle facing developing countries versus an increasing emphasis in international development agendas of directing aid towards social expenditures. The financial quandary might exacerbate these tensions, restricting recipient government policy space despite donor commitments of respecting national ownership. The proposed research examines these implications through the emerging social protection agenda among donors, which serves as an ideal policy case given that social protection expenditures are almost entirely based on domestic currency. This will be researched through a mixed-method comparative case study of six developing countries, combining quantitative analysis of balance of payments and financing constraints with qualitative process tracing based on elite interviews and documentary research. The objective is to re-orient our thinking on these issues for a deeper appreciation of the systemic political and economic challenges facing global redistribution towards poorer countries, particularly with respect to the forthcoming Sustainable Development Goals. This research proposal explores the political economy of international development assistance (aid) directed towards social expenditures, examined through the lens of a particular financial quandary that has been ignored in the literature despite having important economic and political repercussions. The quandary is that aid cannot be directly spent on expenditures denominated in domestic currency. Instead, aid needs to be first converted into domestic currency whereas the foreign exchange provided is used for other purposes, resulting in a process prone to complex politics regarding domestic monetary policy and spending commitments. The implications require a serious rethink of many of the accepted premises in the political economy of aid and related literatures. It is urgent to engage in this rethinking given tensions between two dynamics in the current global political economy: a tightening financial cycle facing developing countries versus an increasing emphasis in international development agendas of directing aid towards social expenditures. The financial quandary might exacerbate these tensions, restricting recipient government policy space despite donor commitments of respecting national ownership. The proposed research examines these implications through the emerging social protection agenda among donors, which serves as an ideal policy case given that social protection expenditures are almost entirely based on domestic currency. This will be researched through a mixed-method comparative case study of six developing countries, combining quantitative analysis of balance of payments and financing constraints with qualitative process tracing based on elite interviews and documentary research. The objective is to re-orient our thinking on these issues for a deeper appreciation of the systemic political and economic challenges facing global redistribution towards poorer countries, particularly with respect to the forthcoming Sustainable Development Goals. Project acronym AnCon Project A Comparative Anthropology of Conscience, Ethics and Human Rights Researcher (PI) Tobias William Kelly Summary This project is a comparative anthropology of conscience, ethics and human rights. Numerous international human rights documents formally declare their commitment to protect freedom of conscience. But, what is conscience and how do we know it when we see it? How do we distinguish it from self-interest or fanaticism? And what happens when the concept, often associated with a distinct Christian or liberal history, travels across cultural boundaries? The project will examine the cultural conditions under which claims to conscience are made possible, and the types of claims that are most persuasive when doing so. The project addresses these issues through the comparative analysis of three case studies: British pacifists, Sri Lankan activists, and Soviet dissidents. These case studies have been carefully chosen to provide globally significant, but contrasting examples of contests over the implications of claims to conscience. If claims of conscience are often associated with a specifically liberal and Christian tradition, mid-twentieth century Britain can be said to stand at the centre of that tradition. Sri Lanka represents a particularly fraught post-colonial South Asian counterpoint, wracked by nationalist violence, and influenced by ethical traditions associated with forms of Hinduism and Buddhism. Soviet Russia represents a further contrast, a totalitarian regime, where atheism was the dominant ethical language. Finally, the project will return specifically to international human rights institutions, examining the history of the category of conscience in the UN human rights system. This project will be ground breaking, employing novel methods and analytical insights, in order to producing the first comparative analysis of the cultural and political salience of claims of conscience. In doing so, the research aims to transform our understandings of the limits and potentials of attempts to protect freedom of conscience. This project is a comparative anthropology of conscience, ethics and human rights. Numerous international human rights documents formally declare their commitment to protect freedom of conscience. But, what is conscience and how do we know it when we see it? How do we distinguish it from self-interest or fanaticism? And what happens when the concept, often associated with a distinct Christian or liberal history, travels across cultural boundaries? The project will examine the cultural conditions under which claims to conscience are made possible, and the types of claims that are most persuasive when doing so. The project addresses these issues through the comparative analysis of three case studies: British pacifists, Sri Lankan activists, and Soviet dissidents. These case studies have been carefully chosen to provide globally significant, but contrasting examples of contests over the implications of claims to conscience. If claims of conscience are often associated with a specifically liberal and Christian tradition, mid-twentieth century Britain can be said to stand at the centre of that tradition. Sri Lanka represents a particularly fraught post-colonial South Asian counterpoint, wracked by nationalist violence, and influenced by ethical traditions associated with forms of Hinduism and Buddhism. Soviet Russia represents a further contrast, a totalitarian regime, where atheism was the dominant ethical language. Finally, the project will return specifically to international human rights institutions, examining the history of the category of conscience in the UN human rights system. This project will be ground breaking, employing novel methods and analytical insights, in order to producing the first comparative analysis of the cultural and political salience of claims of conscience. In doing so, the research aims to transform our understandings of the limits and potentials of attempts to protect freedom of conscience. Project acronym AUDADAPT Project The listening challenge: How ageing brains adapt Researcher (PI) Jonas Ferdinand Obleser Host Institution (HI) UNIVERSITAT ZU LUBECK Summary Humans in principle adapt well to sensory degradations. In order to do so, our cognitive strategies need to adjust accordingly (a process we term “adaptive control”).The auditory sensory modality poses an excellent, although under-utilised, research model to understand these adjustments, their neural basis, and their large variation amongst individuals. Hearing abilities begin to decline already in the fourth life decade, and our guiding hypothesis is that individuals differ in the extent to which they are neurally, cognitively, and psychologically equipped to adapt to this sensory decline. The project will pursue three specific aims: (1) We will first specify the neural dynamics of “adaptive control” in the under-studied target group of middle-aged listeners compared to young listeners. We will employ advanced multi-modal neuroimaging (EEG and fMRI) markers and a flexible experimental design of listening challenges. (2) Based on the parameters established in (1), we will explain interindividual differences in adaptive control in a large-scale sample of middle-aged listeners, and aim to re-test each individual again after approximately two years. These data will lead to (3) where we will employ statistical models that incorporate a broader context of audiological, cognitive skill, and personality markers and reconstructs longitudinal “trajectories of change” in adaptive control over the middle-age life span. Pursuing these aims will help establish a new theoretical framework for the adaptive ageing brain. The project will further break new ground for future classification and treatment of hearing difficulties, and for developing individualised hearing solutions. Profiting from an excellent research environment and the principle investigator’s pre-established laboratory, this research has the potential to challenge and to transform current understanding and concepts of the ageing human individual. Humans in principle adapt well to sensory degradations. In order to do so, our cognitive strategies need to adjust accordingly (a process we term “adaptive control”).The auditory sensory modality poses an excellent, although under-utilised, research model to understand these adjustments, their neural basis, and their large variation amongst individuals. Hearing abilities begin to decline already in the fourth life decade, and our guiding hypothesis is that individuals differ in the extent to which they are neurally, cognitively, and psychologically equipped to adapt to this sensory decline. The project will pursue three specific aims: (1) We will first specify the neural dynamics of “adaptive control” in the under-studied target group of middle-aged listeners compared to young listeners. We will employ advanced multi-modal neuroimaging (EEG and fMRI) markers and a flexible experimental design of listening challenges. (2) Based on the parameters established in (1), we will explain interindividual differences in adaptive control in a large-scale sample of middle-aged listeners, and aim to re-test each individual again after approximately two years. These data will lead to (3) where we will employ statistical models that incorporate a broader context of audiological, cognitive skill, and personality markers and reconstructs longitudinal “trajectories of change” in adaptive control over the middle-age life span. Pursuing these aims will help establish a new theoretical framework for the adaptive ageing brain. The project will further break new ground for future classification and treatment of hearing difficulties, and for developing individualised hearing solutions. Profiting from an excellent research environment and the principle investigator’s pre-established laboratory, this research has the potential to challenge and to transform current understanding and concepts of the ageing human individual. Project acronym AYURYOG Project Medicine, Immortality, Moksha: Entangled Histories of Yoga, Ayurveda and Alchemy in South Asia Researcher (PI) Dagmar Wujastyk Summary The project will examine the histories of yoga, ayurveda and rasashastra (Indian alchemy and iatrochemistry) from the tenth century to the present, focussing on the disciplines' health, rejuvenation and longevity practices. The goals of the project are to reveal the entanglements of these historical traditions, and to trace the trajectories of their evolution as components of today's global healthcare and personal development industries. Our hypothesis is that practices aimed at achieving health, rejuvenation and longevity constitute a key area of exchange between the three disciplines, preparing the grounds for a series of important pharmaceutical and technological innovations and also profoundly influencing the discourses of today's medicalized forms of globalized yoga as well as of contemporary institutionalized forms of ayurveda and rasashastra. Drawing upon the primary historical sources of each respective tradition as well as on fieldwork data, the research team will explore the shared terminology, praxis and theory of these three disciplines. We will examine why, when and how health, rejuvenation and longevity practices were employed; how each discipline’s discourse and practical applications relates to those of the others; and how past encounters and cross-fertilizations impact on contemporary health-related practices in yogic, ayurvedic and alchemists’ milieus. The five-year project will be based at the Department of South Asian, Tibetan and Buddhist Studies at Vienna University and carried out by an international team of 3 post-doctoral researchers. The research will be grounded in the fields of South Asian studies and social history. An international workshop and an international conference will be organized to present and discuss the research results, which will also be published in peer-reviewed journals, an edited volume, and in individual monographs. A project website will provide open access to all research results. The project will examine the histories of yoga, ayurveda and rasashastra (Indian alchemy and iatrochemistry) from the tenth century to the present, focussing on the disciplines' health, rejuvenation and longevity practices. The goals of the project are to reveal the entanglements of these historical traditions, and to trace the trajectories of their evolution as components of today's global healthcare and personal development industries. Our hypothesis is that practices aimed at achieving health, rejuvenation and longevity constitute a key area of exchange between the three disciplines, preparing the grounds for a series of important pharmaceutical and technological innovations and also profoundly influencing the discourses of today's medicalized forms of globalized yoga as well as of contemporary institutionalized forms of ayurveda and rasashastra. Drawing upon the primary historical sources of each respective tradition as well as on fieldwork data, the research team will explore the shared terminology, praxis and theory of these three disciplines. We will examine why, when and how health, rejuvenation and longevity practices were employed; how each discipline’s discourse and practical applications relates to those of the others; and how past encounters and cross-fertilizations impact on contemporary health-related practices in yogic, ayurvedic and alchemists’ milieus. The five-year project will be based at the Department of South Asian, Tibetan and Buddhist Studies at Vienna University and carried out by an international team of 3 post-doctoral researchers. The research will be grounded in the fields of South Asian studies and social history. An international workshop and an international conference will be organized to present and discuss the research results, which will also be published in peer-reviewed journals, an edited volume, and in individual monographs. A project website will provide open access to all research results. Project acronym BIRTH Project Births, mothers and babies: prehistoric fertility in the Balkans between 10000 – 5000 BC Researcher (PI) Sofija Stefanovic Host Institution (HI) BIOSENSE INSTITUTE - RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE FOR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN BIOSYSTEMS Summary The BIRTH project will investigate the key biological and cultural mechanisms affecting fertility rates resulting the Neolithic Demogaphic Transition, the major demographic shift in human evolution. We integrate skeletal markers with micro-nutritional and macro-scaled cultural effects on fertility rates during the Early-Middle Holocene (10000-5000 BC) in the Central Balkans. Human, animal and plant remains, will be analysed using methods from bioarchaeological, forensic, chemical sciences in order to: 1) Investigate variability in the pattern of birth rates (number of pregnancies, interval(s) between them and the duration of the reproductive period) through histological analysis of irregularities in tooth cementum of women; 2) Determine paleoobstetric and neonatal body characteristics, health status and nutrition through analysis of skeletal remains; 3) Determine micronutritional changes during the Early-Middle Holocene through trace element (Zn, Ca and Fe) analysis; 4) Investigate the micro and macronutritional value of prehistoric foodstuffs, through an analysis of animal and plant remains and to compare the nutritional intake in relation to health and fertility; 5) Establish a chronology of the NDT in the Balkans by summed radiocarbon probability distributions; 6) Explore the possible role of culture in driving fertility increases, through analysis of community attitudes to birthing trough investigation of neonate graves and artifact connected to the birthing process. Given that the issues of health and fertility are of utmost importance in the present as they were in the past, the BIRTH project offers new understanding of biocultural mechanisms which led to fertility increase and novel approaches to ancient skeletal heritage, and emphasizes their great potential for modern humanity. The BIRTH project will investigate the key biological and cultural mechanisms affecting fertility rates resulting the Neolithic Demogaphic Transition, the major demographic shift in human evolution. We integrate skeletal markers with micro-nutritional and macro-scaled cultural effects on fertility rates during the Early-Middle Holocene (10000-5000 BC) in the Central Balkans. Human, animal and plant remains, will be analysed using methods from bioarchaeological, forensic, chemical sciences in order to: 1) Investigate variability in the pattern of birth rates (number of pregnancies, interval(s) between them and the duration of the reproductive period) through histological analysis of irregularities in tooth cementum of women; 2) Determine paleoobstetric and neonatal body characteristics, health status and nutrition through analysis of skeletal remains; 3) Determine micronutritional changes during the Early-Middle Holocene through trace element (Zn, Ca and Fe) analysis; 4) Investigate the micro and macronutritional value of prehistoric foodstuffs, through an analysis of animal and plant remains and to compare the nutritional intake in relation to health and fertility; 5) Establish a chronology of the NDT in the Balkans by summed radiocarbon probability distributions; 6) Explore the possible role of culture in driving fertility increases, through analysis of community attitudes to birthing trough investigation of neonate graves and artifact connected to the birthing process. Given that the issues of health and fertility are of utmost importance in the present as they were in the past, the BIRTH project offers new understanding of biocultural mechanisms which led to fertility increase and novel approaches to ancient skeletal heritage, and emphasizes their great potential for modern humanity. Project acronym BRAIN2MIND_NEUROCOMP Project Developing and delivering neurocomputational models to bridge between brain and mind. Researcher (PI) Matthew Lambon Ralph Host Institution (HI) THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER Summary The promise of cognitive neuroscience is truly exciting – to link mind and brain in order to reveal the neural basis of higher cognitive functions. This is crucial, scientifically, if we are to understand the nature of mental processes and how they arise from neural machinery but also, clinically, if we are to establish the basis of neurological patients’ impairments, their clinical management and treatment. Cognitive-clinical neuroscience depends on three ingredients: (a) investigating complex mental behaviours and the underlying cognitive processes; (b) mapping neural systems and their function; and (c) methods and tools that can bridge the gap between brain and mental behaviour. Experimental psychology and behavioural neurology has delivered the first component. In vivo neuroimaging and other allied technologies allow us to probe and map neural systems, their connectivity and neurobiological responses. The principal aim of this ERC Advanced grant is to secure, for the first time, the crucial third ingredient – the methods and tools for bridging systematically between cognitive science and systems neuroscience. The grant will be based on two main activities: (i) convergence of methods – instead of employing each neuroscience and cognitive method independently, they will be planned and executed simultaneously to force a convergence of results; and (ii) development of a new type of neurocomputational model - to provide a novel formalism for bridging between brain and cognition. Computational models are used in cognitive science to mimic normal and impaired behaviour. Such models also have an as-yet untapped potential to connect neuroanatomy and cognition: latent in every model is a kind of brain-mind duality – each model is based on a computational architecture which generates behaviour. We will retain the ability to simulate detailed cognitive behaviour but simultaneously make the models’ architecture reflect systems-level neuroanatomy and function. The promise of cognitive neuroscience is truly exciting – to link mind and brain in order to reveal the neural basis of higher cognitive functions. This is crucial, scientifically, if we are to understand the nature of mental processes and how they arise from neural machinery but also, clinically, if we are to establish the basis of neurological patients’ impairments, their clinical management and treatment. Cognitive-clinical neuroscience depends on three ingredients: (a) investigating complex mental behaviours and the underlying cognitive processes; (b) mapping neural systems and their function; and (c) methods and tools that can bridge the gap between brain and mental behaviour. Experimental psychology and behavioural neurology has delivered the first component. In vivo neuroimaging and other allied technologies allow us to probe and map neural systems, their connectivity and neurobiological responses. The principal aim of this ERC Advanced grant is to secure, for the first time, the crucial third ingredient – the methods and tools for bridging systematically between cognitive science and systems neuroscience. The grant will be based on two main activities: (i) convergence of methods – instead of employing each neuroscience and cognitive method independently, they will be planned and executed simultaneously to force a convergence of results; and (ii) development of a new type of neurocomputational model - to provide a novel formalism for bridging between brain and cognition. Computational models are used in cognitive science to mimic normal and impaired behaviour. Such models also have an as-yet untapped potential to connect neuroanatomy and cognition: latent in every model is a kind of brain-mind duality – each model is based on a computational architecture which generates behaviour. We will retain the ability to simulate detailed cognitive behaviour but simultaneously make the models’ architecture reflect systems-level neuroanatomy and function. Project acronym CALI Project The Cambodian Archaeological Lidar Initiative: Exploring Resilience in the Engineered Landscapes of Early SE Asia Researcher (PI) Damian Evans Host Institution (HI) ECOLE FRANCAISE D'EXTREME-ORIENT Summary For over half a millennium, the great medieval capital of Angkor lay at the heart of a vast empire stretching across much of mainland SE Asia. Recent research has revealed that the famous monuments of Angkor were merely the epicentre of an immense settlement complex, with highly elaborate engineering works designed to manage water and mitigate the uncertainty of monsoon rains. Compelling evidence is now emerging that other temple complexes of the medieval Khmer Empire may also have formed the urban cores of dispersed, low-density settlements with similar systems of hydraulic engineering. Using innovative airborne laser scanning (‘lidar’) technology, CALI will uncover, map and compare archaeological landscapes around all the major temple complexes of Cambodia, with a view to understanding what role these complex and vulnerable water management schemes played in the growth and decline of early civilisations in SE Asia. CALI will evaluate the hypothesis that the Khmer civilisation, in a bid to overcome the inherent constraints of a monsoon environment, became locked into rigid and inflexible traditions of urban development and large-scale hydraulic engineering that constrained their ability to adapt to rapidly-changing social, political and environmental circumstances. By integrating data and techniques from fast-developing archaeological sciences like remote sensing, palaeoclimatology and geoinformatics, this work will provide important insights into the reasons for the collapse of inland agrarian empires in the middle of the second millennium AD, a transition that marks the emergence of modern mainland SE Asia. The lidar data will provide a comprehensive and internally-consistent archive of urban form at a regional scale, and offer a unique experimental space for evaluating socio-ecological resilience, persistence and transformation over two thousand years of human history, with clear implications for our understanding of contemporary urbanism and of urban futures. For over half a millennium, the great medieval capital of Angkor lay at the heart of a vast empire stretching across much of mainland SE Asia. Recent research has revealed that the famous monuments of Angkor were merely the epicentre of an immense settlement complex, with highly elaborate engineering works designed to manage water and mitigate the uncertainty of monsoon rains. Compelling evidence is now emerging that other temple complexes of the medieval Khmer Empire may also have formed the urban cores of dispersed, low-density settlements with similar systems of hydraulic engineering. Using innovative airborne laser scanning (‘lidar’) technology, CALI will uncover, map and compare archaeological landscapes around all the major temple complexes of Cambodia, with a view to understanding what role these complex and vulnerable water management schemes played in the growth and decline of early civilisations in SE Asia. CALI will evaluate the hypothesis that the Khmer civilisation, in a bid to overcome the inherent constraints of a monsoon environment, became locked into rigid and inflexible traditions of urban development and large-scale hydraulic engineering that constrained their ability to adapt to rapidly-changing social, political and environmental circumstances. By integrating data and techniques from fast-developing archaeological sciences like remote sensing, palaeoclimatology and geoinformatics, this work will provide important insights into the reasons for the collapse of inland agrarian empires in the middle of the second millennium AD, a transition that marks the emergence of modern mainland SE Asia. The lidar data will provide a comprehensive and internally-consistent archive of urban form at a regional scale, and offer a unique experimental space for evaluating socio-ecological resilience, persistence and transformation over two thousand years of human history, with clear implications for our understanding of contemporary urbanism and of urban futures. Project acronym ChronHib Project Chronologicon Hibernicum – A Probabilistic Chronological Framework for Dating Early Irish Language Developments and Literature Researcher (PI) David Stifter Host Institution (HI) NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND MAYNOOTH Summary Early Medieval Irish literature (7th–10th centuries) is vast in extent and rich in genres, but owing to its mostly anonymous transmission, for most texts the precise time and circumstances of composition are unknown. Unless where texts contain historical references, the only clues for a rough chronological positioning of the texts are to be found in their linguistic peculiarities. Phonology, morphology, syntax and the lexicon of the Irish language changed considerably from Early Old Irish (7th c.) into Middle Irish (c. 10th–12th centuries). However, only the relative sequence of changes is well understood; for most sound changes very few narrow dates have been proposed so far. It is the aim of Chronologicon Hibernicum to find a common solution for both problems: through the linguistic profiling of externally dated texts (esp. annalistic writing and sources with a clear historical anchorage) and through serialising the emerging linguistic and chronological data, progress will be made in assigning dates to the linguistic changes. Groundbreakingly, this will be done by using statistical methods for the seriation of the data, and for estimating dates using Bayesian inference. The resultant information will then be used to find new dates for hitherto undated texts. On this basis, a much tighter chronological framework for the developments of the Early Medieval Irish language will be created. In a further step it will be possible to arrive at a better chronological description of medieval Irish literature as a whole, which will have repercussions on the study of the history and cultural and intellectual environment of medieval Ireland and on its connections with the wider world. The data collected and analysed in this project will form the database Chronologicon Hibernicum which will serve as the authoritative guideline and reference point for the linguistic dating of Irish texts. In the future, the methodology will be transferable to other languages. Early Medieval Irish literature (7th–10th centuries) is vast in extent and rich in genres, but owing to its mostly anonymous transmission, for most texts the precise time and circumstances of composition are unknown. Unless where texts contain historical references, the only clues for a rough chronological positioning of the texts are to be found in their linguistic peculiarities. Phonology, morphology, syntax and the lexicon of the Irish language changed considerably from Early Old Irish (7th c.) into Middle Irish (c. 10th–12th centuries). However, only the relative sequence of changes is well understood; for most sound changes very few narrow dates have been proposed so far. It is the aim of Chronologicon Hibernicum to find a common solution for both problems: through the linguistic profiling of externally dated texts (esp. annalistic writing and sources with a clear historical anchorage) and through serialising the emerging linguistic and chronological data, progress will be made in assigning dates to the linguistic changes. Groundbreakingly, this will be done by using statistical methods for the seriation of the data, and for estimating dates using Bayesian inference. The resultant information will then be used to find new dates for hitherto undated texts. On this basis, a much tighter chronological framework for the developments of the Early Medieval Irish language will be created. In a further step it will be possible to arrive at a better chronological description of medieval Irish literature as a whole, which will have repercussions on the study of the history and cultural and intellectual environment of medieval Ireland and on its connections with the wider world. The data collected and analysed in this project will form the database Chronologicon Hibernicum which will serve as the authoritative guideline and reference point for the linguistic dating of Irish texts. In the future, the methodology will be transferable to other languages.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1200
__label__wiki	0.59958	0.59958	World Leaders are beginning to embrace Electric Vehicle technology by admin \| May 6, 2019 \| Uncategorized \| 0 comments On a trip to the United States last year, Prime Minister Malcom Turnbull visited Teslas Fremont Factory located in San Fransisco, California, describing it as a “great thrill” -but not as much as the test drive. At the time of the visit Prime Minister Malcom Turnbull posted this photo and the comments below on his Facebook page. He appreciated the way battery storage was likely to provoke an “energy revolution”. Pity that more of our state and federal government MPs and key policy makers are not in tune. “The all electric cars are being made in a huge factory that used to belong to GM and Toyota,” Turnbull wrote. “It shut down and then four years ago Tesla took it over and it went from being an industrial relic to the home of what many regard as the world’s fastest and coolest electric car. And many of the workers at Tesla today are auto workers who had been laid off when the old GM/Toyota plant closed. Tesla has gone from employing 500 people to 11,000 in five years. A reminder of how innovation drives jobs. We know of a couple of empty car factories laying idol in Geelong, Port Melbourne and Altona from the likes of Ford, Holden and Toyota who have all recently closed their doors in favour of offshore production. Could Elon Musk be eyeing off an opportunity here perhaps? “Walking through the highly automated assembly lines was inspiring, but nothing matched taking a test drive in the latest Tesla S model. This one has a range of 265 miles (about 480 kms) and accelerate to 100 kph in 3.5 seconds. The key of course is the battery technology which is improving all the time both in terms of cost and energy density. “Batteries have the potential to revolutionise the energy market, reducing peaking power requirements, optimising grid utilisation of renewables and in some cases enabling consumers to go off the grid altogether. The excitement of technology in the Bay Area is exhilarating…..but not quite as palpable as the jolt you feel when you hit the accelerator!” Earlier this year, long time electric car enthusiast Barack Obama spent some time checking out the brand new Chevrolet (Holden) Bolt at the Detroit Auto show. Long a supporter of plug-in electric vehicles (PEV) as a stratergy to reduce carbon emissions and the harmful effects of climate change, Obama sat in the newly-introduced 2017 Chevrolet Bolt EV, a 321km PEV hatchback that will go into production late this year in the US. While the Secret Service currently won’t let the president drive, he later said that he planned to purchase a Bolt when he left the White House at the end of his second term. While campaigning during 2008, the US President had set a goal of having a million PEVs on US roads by the end of last 2015. While ambitious, that target proved to be slightly optimistic with the actual number as of December 31, 2015 being closer to 400,000. Analyses and projections dating back to 2012 suggest that goal will be reached sometime during 2018. Electric-car advocates will be waiting anxiously to see whether a mass-priced 200-mile electric car like the Bolt EV improves plug-in car sales. Lets hope governments at all levels here in Australia start to support the electric vehicle industry through reduces taxes and tariffs and other creative incentives. DC Charging Credit Card Charging Electric Car Charging Stations Tesla, Nissan Leaf, BMW and all EV in Australia Contact us for all Electric Vehicle Charging Solutions and Accessories Across Australia & New Zealand. EVSE believes in a green sustainable future by delivering the latest EV Charging technology at the lowest price. All our work is certified and guaranteed with the backing of global brands. Our team of experts can provide specialist EVSE advice and are available to answer any of your questions over the phone Email: sales@evse.com.au Telephone: 1300 40 62 10 Please prove you are human by selecting the Key.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1204
__label__cc	0.590919	0.409081	The Property Services Department is responsible for clergy housing and glebe land, and provides advice on the maintenance of churches, supports the Governing Bodies of VA Church Schools and Academies on building matters and acts on behalf of EDBF Ltd in relation to PCC Property. Below you will find information on each of these areas as well as contact details for further advice. Churches and Churchyards The Diocesan Advisory Committee for the Care of Churches (DAC) helps congregations to manage their buildings so that they provide a safe and welcoming environment for worship and mission. Further information about the DAC Clergy Housing Clergy houses are not just bases for ministry, they are homes. The Property Services department is responsible for the maintenance, repair and improvement of over 300 houses within the diocese and, where necessary arranges for the sale and replacement of houses no longer suitable. Housing Policy Information EDBF Housing Maintenance, Repair & Improvement Policy: Issue L Legionnaire’s Information and Guidance Pamphlet In the event of a problem at a clergy house please contact the Property Services Department on 01392 294954. The phone call will be re-directed outside of normal working hours. The department has a list of approved Contractors. If you wish to be considered for inclusion on this list please contact Mark Lewis. Glebe Land The glebe land of a parish once belonged, by right of his office, to the incumbent of that parish as part of his support. He could either use the land himself or let it out and use the rental income. The Endowment and Glebe Measure 1976 changed that and the income raised on this land now goes to the Diocesan Board of Finance and is used to help pay clergy stipends across the diocese. The management of glebe land is undertaken by external agents. The Property Services Department works closely with the agents in relation to strategic glebe matters. The agents are: Barnstaple Archdeaconry Michael Challacombe, Phillips, Smith and Dunn, Alliance House, Cross Street, Barnstaple EX31 1BA Exeter Archdeaconry and Plymouth Archdeaconry Charles Dixon, Savills (UK) Ltd., Sterling Court, 17 Dix’s Field, Exeter EX1 1QA Totnes Archdeaconry Jonathan Aylett, Michelmore Hughes Stags, The Old Surgery, 26 Fore Street, Totnes TQ9 5DX PCC Property Under the Parochial Church Councils (Powers) Measure 1956 PCCs cannot own property or land. Instead the property is vested in the Exeter Diocesan Board of Finance Ltd as custodian trustee with the PCC being managing trustee. The custodian trustee needs to consent to any disposal or sale, and for further information please see the link below: Procedure for sale of PCC Property The EDBF as custodian trustee is not responsible for or concerned with the upkeep of buildings & this is the responsibility of the PCC as managing trustee. The condition of the learning environment can make a huge difference to a child’s experience of school and how well they learn. The schools buildings team provides support to the VA schools and Academies in the diocese regarding all matters involving premises. Further information about School Buildings and the School Buildings Team Property Services Department The Old Deanery Email Property Services	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1205
__label__wiki	0.568278	0.568278	Abby Huntsman Quits 'The View' Amid Reports Of Strained Relationship Among Co-Hosts Abby Huntsman is saying goodbye to The View and fans are heartbroken. Abby's career Most notably known as one of the hosts of the daytime TV show, The View, Abby has gained even more recognition over the years. Before joining the show in its 22nd season, she was already a household name as an anchor and host for Fox & Friends Weekend. A post shared by Abby Huntsman (@huntsmanabby) on Oct 8, 2019 at 10:09am PDT According to her bio, Abby has also made a name for herself thanks to other hosting gigs on MSNBC's The Cycle and HuffPost Live. Her college internship positions at Good Morning America and World News Tonight served as the foundation for her vibrant career. A post shared by Abby Huntsman (@huntsmanabby) on Jan 13, 2020 at 8:59am PST Drama with co-host As a show that has to do with different hosts sharing various opinions, it's not surprising that things have gotten heated on The View from time to time. There have been arguments between co-hosts as each one feels passionate about her opinion. A post shared by Abby Huntsman (@huntsmanabby) on Nov 7, 2019 at 1:46pm PST Of recent, there have also been reports about a strained relationship between Abby and her co-host Meghan McCain. Both ladies normally see eye to eye since they are both from Republican background. However, CNN reported that they have had some issues lately. A post shared by Abby Huntsman (@huntsmanabby) on Oct 1, 2019 at 9:59am PDT Sources told the publication that the cause of the ladies' issue has to do with what Meghan perceives as Abby's overexcitement for her children. Meghan has always been open about dealing with fertility struggles and reportedly warned Abby that her enthusiasm for her kids was insensitive. Leaving The View During a recent episode of The View, Abby announced that she will be leaving the show mainly to work on her father, Jon Huntsman Jr.'s campaign as governor of Utah. She said: Today, I'm saying good-bye. A post shared by Abby Huntsman (@huntsmanabby) on Jan 13, 2020 at 5:26pm PST She further added that this was a decision she spent time considering but she looked forward to working with her dad as a senior adviser on his campaign. She also expressed that she will be spending more time with her family. "Today, I'm saying goodbye."@HuntsmanAbby announces she is leaving @TheView to help run her father's campaign for governor of Utah: "It's not often in life that you get these moments to go fight for something that you are so passionate about." https://t.co/VTJUxjEuW6 pic.twitter.com/XsGahw3VPc — The View (@TheView) January 13, 2020 Her last day on The View as a co-host is January 17. People have been expressing how sad they are about Abby leaving the show. Hate to see you leave! Hope you come back! Best of luck! Love you as a host on the show! — Laurie Pasi (@LauriePasi) January 13, 2020 Going to miss you Abby. You are truly one of the Good Old Fashion Conservatives' that really do think good of your fellowman. Good luck to you and your father. — Samella (@SAMJANOLU) January 13, 2020 I will miss you! — Quinn (@Quinn02541217) January 13, 2020 Social media users dropped comments wishing her well while revealing they will miss her very much. Best of luck to you and your family...you will be missed..💜 — Kathryn K. Urban (@k_urban1) January 13, 2020 The only co-host that can listen to the opinions of others without having a full blown identity crisis. I'll miss her! — Desiree (@PeaceLoveDes) January 13, 2020 More facts about Abby Huntsman If the only things you know about Abby is her role as co-host on The View, you may appreciate some of these facts about her. She married her college sweetheart Jeffrey Bruce Livingston in 2010. She's an author. Her book Who Will I Be? was published in 2018. She's a proud mom of three who often shares snaps of her children on her social media account, especially Instagram. A post shared by Abby Huntsman (@huntsmanabby) on Dec 1, 2019 at 12:38pm PST Abby Huntsman has created a well-rounded career for herself even before joining the women of The View. While on the show, she made big impacts and expressed her views even when different from those of others. Fans have come to love the passion and intelligence she displayed on The View. At times like this, even as we're sad to see her go, we wish her well as she faces the next steps in her life and career. We definitely haven't heard the last of her and her fans continue rooting for her. Celebrities Television	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1207
__label__cc	0.732789	0.267211	Gift Rule Exceptions For information regarding Gift Rule Exceptions, please click on the following links: Gifts Valued at Less Than $50 Gifts Given on the Basis of Personal Friendship Widely Attended Events Campaign or Political Events Constituent Events Food or Refreshments of Nominal Value Meal or Local Transportation Incident to Visit a Business Site Books, Periodicals and Other Informational Materials Things Paid for by the Federal Government, or by a State or Local Government Gifts From Foreign Governments and International Organizations Benefits Resulting from Outside Businesses and Other Activities Contributions to a Legal Expense Fund, and Pro Bono Legal Services “Home State” Products Honorary Degrees and Nonmonetary Public Service Awards Training in the Interest of the House Widely Available Opportunities and Benefits Gifts From Relatives Gifts From Other Members, Officers, or Employees Events in Honor of a Member, Officer, or Employee Artwork and Other Gifts of an Unusual Nature Things for Which a Gift Rule Waiver Is Granted Other Acceptable Gifts	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1209
__label__wiki	0.522696	0.522696	India, Japan ink controversial nuclear deal to import atomic technology Khurram Shahzad TOKYO - Japan and India have signed a controversial civil nuclear deal that will allow Japanese firms to export atomic technology to the South Asian state. The pact was signed by Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and his Japanese counterpart Shinzo Abe on Friday. After signing the deal, India became the first non-signatory to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) to agree such a nuclear deal with Japan - which was the victim of US atomic bombings in the final days of World War II. The two countries are also set to agree that if India conducts a nuclear test, Japan will stop cooperation. “The agreement is a legal framework to ensure India acts responsibly for the peaceful use of nuclear energy,” Abe told reporters with Modi at his side. A Japanese official told reporters that the two nations have agreed Japan can cease cooperation if India resumes nuclear testing, a foreign news agency reported. “Today's signing of the agreement for cooperation in peaceful use of nuclear energy marks a historic step in our engagement to build a clean energy partnership,” Modi said. The Asian allies have stepped up cooperation in recent years, signing agreements last December on the transfer of defence equipment and technology and on exchanging classified military information. The nuclear deal comes against the backdrop of growing unease over China's expanding role in the region. India has a longstanding territorial dispute with China, and troops from the two countries engaged in a major stand-off at the border in 2014. Tokyo has its own spat with Beijing over islands in the East China Sea, and is increasingly vocal about its rival's ambitions to control almost the whole of the South China Sea. Modi arrived in Japan on Thursday for a three-day visit. India plans to set up Nazi-type concentration ... Iranian missile attacks on US bases in Iraq left ... Turkey launches Operation Kapan-4 Mava in its ... US resume joint military operations with Iraq ... Russian government resigns after President Putin ... FM Qureshi, Pompeo discuss bilateral cooperation, regional security ...	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1215
__label__wiki	0.520984	0.520984	(Redirected from WWOOFer) This article relies too much on references to primary sources. Please improve this by adding secondary or tertiary sources. (September 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) This article contains content that is written like an advertisement. Please help improve it by removing promotional content and inappropriate external links, and by adding encyclopedic content written from a neutral point of view. (June 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Find sources: "WWOOF" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Japanese wwoofer in Guinea (2014) A WWOOF participant farm in Australia. The raspberry bushes pictured require regular weeding. World Wide Opportunities on Organic Farms (WWOOF, /ˈwʊf/), or Willing Workers on Organic Farms, is a loose network of national organizations that facilitate homestays on organic farms. Australia with 2,600 hosts has the most host farms and enterprises, followed by New Zealand with 2,340 and United States with 2,052 hosts.[1] The UK has 688 WWOOF hosts.[1] While there are WWOOF hosts in 210 countries around the world, no central list or organization encompasses all WWOOF hosts. As there is no single international WWOOF membership, all recognised WWOOF country organizations strive to maintain similar standards, and work together to promote the aims of WWOOF.[2] WWOOF aims to provide volunteers (often called "WWOOFers" or "woofers", /ˈwʊfər/) with first-hand experience in organic and ecologically sound growing methods, to help the organic movement; and to let volunteers experience life in a rural setting or a different country. WWOOF volunteers generally do not receive money in exchange for services. The host provides food, lodging, and opportunities to learn, in exchange for assistance with farming or gardening activities. The duration of the visit can range from a few days to years. Workdays average five to six hours, and participants interact with WWOOFers from other countries.[3] WWOOF farms include private gardens through smallholdings, allotments, and commercial farms. Farms become WWOOF hosts by enlisting with their national organization. In countries with no WWOOF organization, farms enlist with WWOOF Independents:[4] 2 Volunteering WWOOF originally stood for "Working Weekends On Organic Farms" and began in England in 1971.[5] Sue Coppard, a woman working as a secretary in London, wanted to provide urban dwellers with access to the countryside, while supporting the organic movement. Her idea started with trial working weekends for four people at the biodynamic farm at Emerson College[6] in Sussex. People soon started volunteering for longer periods than just weekends, so the name was changed to Willing Workers On Organic Farms, but then the word "work" caused problems with some countries' labour laws and immigration authorities, who tended to treat WWOOFers as migrant workers and oppose foreigners competing for local jobs.[5] (Many WWOOFers enter countries on tourist visas, which is illegal in countries such as the United States.[7]) Both in an attempt to circumvent this and also in recognition of WWOOFing's worldwide scope, the name was changed again in 2000 to World Wide Opportunities on Organic Farms. Some WWOOF groups (such as Australia) choose to retain the older name, however. Volunteering[edit] Volunteers choose what country they would like to visit and volunteer in and contact arrange the dates and duration of their stay at selected farms. The duration of a volunteer's stay can range from days to months, but is typically one to two weeks. Volunteers can expect to work for 4–6 hours a day for a full day's food and accommodation. Volunteers could be asked to help with a variety of tasks, including: sowing seed, making compost, gardening, planting, cutting wood, weeding, harvesting, packing, milking, feeding, fencing, making mud-bricks, wine making, cheese making and bread baking. [8][9] Natural farming ^ a b Paull, John (2016) Organics Olympiad 2016: Global Indices of Leadership in Organic Agriculture, Journal of Social and Development Sciences. 7(2):79-87 ^ WWOOF - Around the World ^ Smithers, Rebecca (22 April 2011). "Want to be a wwoofer?". The Guardian. ^ Madden, Jacob (June 16, 2010). "WWOOF your way around the world!". CNN. ^ a b WWOOF International: History of WWOOF ^ "Good lives: Sue Coppard". The Guardian. 7 March 2006. ^ "Stopped at Philly airport, French students tell of full body searches, mysterious injections". PhillyVoice. 6 July 2017. Retrieved 12 September 2018. ^ Finz, Stacy (November 15, 2013). "WWOOF volunteers pitch in on organic farms". San Francisco Chronicle. ^ ZAYED, MICHELLE (July 3, 2012). "WWOOF volunteers help Colorado organic farms while learning the trade". Denver Post. WWOOF - The Federation of WWOOF Organisations (FOWO) WWOOF International - WWOOF International Ltd Association DIY ethic Dry toilet Low-impact development Off-the-grid Regift Subsistence agriculture Sustainable sanitation Voluntary childlessness War tax resistance Religious and spiritual Aparigraha Mendicant New Monasticism Plain dress Testimony of simplicity Tolstoyan movement Secular movements Back-to-the-land Transition town Notable writers Ernest Callenbach Duane Elgin Richard Gregg Tom Hodgkinson Harlan Hubbard Helen Nearing Scott Nearing Nick Rosen Dugald Semple E. F. Schumacher George Skene Keith Modern-day adherents Jim Merkel Varg Vikernes "Anekdote zur Senkung der Arbeitsmoral" Escape from Affluenza The Moon and the Sledgehammer The Power of Half Agrarianism Amateurism Anarcho-primitivism Anti-consumerism Appropriate technology Bohemianism Food miles Green anarchism Hedonophobia Itinerant Low-technology 9flats Domio Friendship Force International GuestReady HomeExchange.com Hospitality Club Intervac International Pasporta Servo Servas International ThirdHome Tripping.com Warm Showers Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=WWOOF&oldid=922436955" Organic farming organizations Supraorganizations Articles with a promotional tone from June 2014 Articles needing additional references from April 2010	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1217
__label__wiki	0.806613	0.806613	Midwest Energy News FirstEnergy Solutions seeks to block referendum on nuclear subsidies Written By Andy Balaskovitz September 5, 2019 Correction: A central Minnesota electric cooperative recently briefed local officials on a solar project that would be its first in the county but one of several it owns in the region. An item in Wednesday’s digest mischaracterized the project. OHIO: FirstEnergy Solutions seeks to head off a voter referendum on subsidies for two of its nuclear plants by filing a lawsuit with the Ohio Supreme Court arguing the charge is actually a tax and therefore immune from referendum. (Cleveland Plain Dealer) RENEWABLES: • The city of Minneapolis seeks input from companies that can provide renewable energy for cheaper than what the city pays Xcel Energy under a green tariff program. (Energy News Network) • Kansas gets 47% of the electricity it consumes from renewables, which ranks second in the U.S., according to a new report. (Topeka Capital-Journal) *SPONSORED LINK: The Midwest energy landscape is changing. Find out what’s in store for the policy and business side of solar, storage, and wind energy at Solar and Storage Midwest. Join us on November 14-15, 2019 in Chicago.* • A Missouri landowners group challenges state regulators’ conclusion that the developer of the Grain Belt Express transmission project meets the definition of a public utility. (Energy News Network) • Opponents of a transmission line in Wisconsin raise concerns that the project is marketed for clean energy but will also transport electricity generated from fossil fuels. (WMTV) WIND: Eight recently approved wind projects could bring 700 more turbines and an investment of $2.6 billion to South Dakota by the end of 2020 in addition to two other large-scale projects in the regulatory approval process. (South Dakota News Watch) BIOFUELS: Iowa Gov. Kim Reynolds says Hurricane Dorian and the Labor Day holiday are likely delaying the Trump administration’s plan to resolve concerns over biofuel waivers. (Radio Iowa) OIL & GAS: • North Dakota’s largest oil producer challenges the state in court over claims about an overly strict reading of air pollution rules. (Forum News Service) • A 2015 pipeline spill of natural gas liquids in North Dakota originally reported as 10 gallons could now top 1 million gallons, and officials say cleanup could take years. (Associated Press) • A planned solar project at Wisconsin airport will expand to 58 acres and generate 9 MW of power. (Fox47) • Local officials approve plans for a 6 MW solar project in central Indiana. (Anderson Herald Bulletin) COAL: • U.S. railroads may lose $5 billion in revenue by 2030 due to declining coal shipments, analysts say. (Associated Press) • The president of the United Mine Workers of America says Democratic presidential candidates’ climate plans should account for coal mining job losses. (Associated Press) POWER PLANTS: Construction begins on a $1 billion natural gas power plant in southwestern Michigan. (WNDU) EFFICIENCY: The Trump administration plans to weaken regulations for energy-saving light bulbs by eliminating requirements that most products be LED or fluorescent to meet new standards. (New York Times) COMMENTARY: Advocates say DTE Energy’s long-term plan undervalues renewable energy and efficiency and unnecessarily favors company-owned power plants over competitively bid projects. (Natural Resources Defense Council) About Andy Balaskovitz Andy has been a journalism fellow for Midwest Energy News since 2014, following four years at City Pulse, Lansing’s alt-weekly newspaper. He covers the state of Michigan and also compiles the Midwest Energy News daily email digest. Andy is a graduate of Michigan State University’s Journalism School, where he focused on topics covered by the Knight Center for Environmental Journalism and wrote for the Great Lakes Echo. He was the 2008 and 2009 recipient of the Edward Meeman Award for Outstanding Undergraduate Student in Environmental Journalism at Michigan State. More by Andy Wisconsin regulators approve plans for $700 million natural gas plant NATURAL GAS: Wisconsin regulators approve plans for a $700 million natural gas plant despite concerns from clean energy advocates and a state agency. (Wisconsin State Journal) ALSO: Minnesota regulators say Xcel Energy can purchase a $650 million gas plant through a subsidiary that won’t put ratepayers at risk. Midwest transmission project highlights challenges for grid operator GRID: A new 100-mile transmission line meant to move wind energy from Iowa and Missouri may relieve grid congestion in one area but worsen it elsewhere. (Greentech Media) ALSO: More regional transmission projects are needed to bring renewable energy online and help states and cities meet clean energy goals, according to a new report. Kansas lawmakers consider financing tool for uneconomic coal plants OIL & GAS: The cost to plug orphaned oil and gas wells in Ohio could reach $2 billion as the number of confirmed wells continues to grow. (Energy News Network) • Attorneys general from three Midwestern states join a coalition opposing the Trump administration’s plan to allow rail shipments of liquefied natural gas. More on Midwest Energy News Subscribe to Midwest Energy News	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1219
__label__cc	0.612947	0.387053	Talk:Paulson's revolver This talk page is only for discussing improvements to the page "Paulson's revolver". 1 Where?! 2 Reverse Pickpocketing? 3 Projectiles 4 Repair 5 Functions like a Scoped .44? 6 Finally 7 Acquiring 8 COMBO! 9 Just thought I'd mention... 10 i found a bug!!! 11 Does this best its brethren? 12 not impressed 13 Bullet Rant necessary? 14 Graphical error?? 15 Bethesda is Lazy 16 Reused in FNV 17 What's the real ROF for this gun? And there we be. Let's hope it doesn't suck compared to the Alien weapons. Nitty 01:27, 2 August 2009 (UTC) I agree, my friend. But it probably will anyways. Despite our happiest thoughts, it probably will. SplittingTheAtom 01:30, 2 August 2009 (UTC) Well, it still has the Clint Eastwood-Dirty Harry badass-ness, so it's not all bad. Nitty 01:32, 2 August 2009 (UTC) Is it me or does this revolver look different from the .44. maybe it's just the light reflecting from it. Even without the scope, it looks different. Vault 77 Dweller 02:01, 2 August 2009 (UTC) It's kind of hard to see with the weird light so I don't think we'll get a better view till we get more screenshots, or until the game comes out.--Moltenfungus 02:29, 2 August 2009 (UTC) FINALLY an unscoped revolver! Now i can live out my Dirty Harry fantasies! "Go ahead muties, make my day" WouldYouKindly 02:33, 2 August 2009 (UTC) Does it look like the Ambassador From Team Fortress 2 to anyone else? Jetholt (Jetty) 11:17, 2 August 2009 (UTC) It really looks like the Mysterious Starnger's Revolver... With a wooden backing and stuff STAProductions 11:31, 2 August 2009 (UTC) i bet it is the law dog b/c it was cut from the games just like all the cryo stuff and they got add back to zeta Five Star Genral Of The Dead BigDog 18:07, 2 August 2009 (UTC) So its like a revolver/shotgun? SWEET!! Yeah, like a Taurus Judge revolver shotgun! Where?! I don't see the gun anywhere in that bad image and I Don't even think it's a cowboy there Just click on the picture and you can clearly see a gun at his side. It is pretty small just on that little picture unless you click it.--Moltenfungus 02:37, 2 August 2009 (UTC) Thank god it is un-scoped,now i can finally pull of that Dirty-Harry character i always needed. The Second Wolf Brother. 14:51, 3 August 2009 (UTC) Best. Magnum. Ever. Nitty 14:54, 3 August 2009 (UTC) finally. FINALLY. I can get a normal, unscoped .44 magnum on the 360. excited24.12.31.209 18:52, 3 August 2009 (UTC) Reverse Pickpocketing? I just tried to reverse pickpocket his revolver off of him and it wasn't in his inventory after he switched weapons. but it was after an alien killed him...can you not reverse pickpocket it? 71.57.77.186 23:55, 3 August 2009 (UTC) sometimes weapons might not show up when you try to pickpocket if they have ammo for the weapon try taking his ammo and giving him a new weapon Five Star Genral Of The Dead BigDog 00:51, 4 August 2009 (UTC) You can't reverse-pickpocket it. As long as Paulson is alive, he uses a non-playable version of the weapon. The player-usable weapon is only added to his inventory when he's dead and the player loots his corpse. -- Porter21 (talk) 00:57, 4 August 2009 (UTC) ah, ok. the article mentioned Reverse Pickpocketing, so I thought it would work. guess I'll just have to let the aliens kill him then 71.57.77.186 01:00, 4 August 2009 (UTC) or accidentally blast a beam of pure ownage sauce into his lazy eye.what's that? He doesn't have a lazy eye? Well...no he has no head.--Icommandoxx 21:39, February 6, 2011 (UTC)icommandoxx I must say ,it is deadly at close range ,but i expected one single powerful buller ,not shotgun pellets :[,still i love it ,and i use it constantly ,i can take super mutant overlords with 8 shots ,ok there goes my opinionNyoche 18:16, 5 August 2009 (UTC) I took one down with sneak crit head shot. This the first weapon that can do it with a reasonable distance. Even thought the GECK said spread of 3, it seem spread less compare to Captain's sidearm and combat shotgun Scarvet 13:56, 19 August 2009 (UTC) After buying a Scoped .44 Magnum from Harith, I used it to repair Paul's Magnum. Safe to change the repair to Scoped .44 Magnum? Revelations 21:6 02:50, 6 August 2009 (UTC) Functions like a Scoped .44? The first paragraph says that this functions exactly like the Scoped .44, just without a scope. Isn't that, well, completely wrong? The Scoped .44 fires a single projectile, and has different stats all-around. Sorry, wrote that immediatly after snagging the Magnum, never bothered to test it extensively. Fixed. Nitty 21:31, 6 August 2009 (UTC) MY GOD! NITTY MADE A MISTAKE??!?!What has the world come to?!?!?!?--Master of cheeZ 17:43, September 3, 2009 (UTC) Jeez, i am so happy there finally is a non-scoped 44 magnum. It sounds odd, but i like wearing the cowboy outfit (lucas simms) and it was odd to have a scope, and the 32 pistol does to little damage, the chinese pistol and 10 mm don't look right with the outfit.--Supermutantslayer450 01:21, September 2, 2009 (UTC) amen to that,allmost enough to make me buy this dlc--JoeHanSon 04:52, September 2, 2009 (UTC) I like wearing Paulson's Hat with Colonel Autumn's Uniform for a cowboy look 68.192.9.90 02:53, November 9, 2009 (UTC) I usually wear the Sheriff's Duster and Sheriff's hat or Paulson's Outfit and Paulson's Hat when I use Paulson's Revolver. It's 100% cowboy when you also have the Backwater Rifle and The Double Barrel Shotgun. AlbertWesker666 November 14, 2009 Is it possible to shoot it out of paulson's hands, thus leaving him alive.69.204.223.200 Good idea, definitely, but, no, it doesn't seem like it's possible. I just spent the better part of five minutes getting blow full of holes by it while trying to shoot it out of his hands using my Sniper Rifle; most of the time it was no more than a 50% chance to hit, and even when it claimed I'd scored a critical hit on Paulson, if I was targeting the weapon, nothing seemed to happen - no loss of health, and no dropping the revolver. I would love to be proven wrong about this (I -want- that gun, but I don't want to kill him), but it seems this doesn't work, reverse pickpocketing doesn't work... seems like the only way to get it is to kill him, or use console commands (if you're playing on the PC [which, unfortunately, I'm not.]) Dan Dark 23:16, 8 August 2009 (UTC) the gun Paulson has when he is alive is not available to the pc(player character) so the only way to get his gun is to loot it off his corpse Five Star Genral Of The Dead BigDog 00:05, 9 August 2009 (UTC) Worth it IMO 68.192.9.90 02:48, November 9, 2009 (UTC) just saying, to shoot it out of his hand you should aim for the arm it's in , as when it gets crippled it drops. COMBO! So if this pistol is like a shotgun, combining it with Callahan's Magnum would make you a Super Powerful Pistol Person!* (*Awesome name and accessory pistols not included.) --Master of cheeZ 01:58, 22 August 2009 (UTC) Just thought I'd mention... That's not a shield sticking out of the cylinder. thats the speedloader stuck on there. Must be a glitch or something. I think the picture may be of when the gun i loading, just we cant see due to the angle. Or its a glitch. --J.J.-Lopez 08:06, 28 August 2009 (UTC) You may be correct about the picture, but the gun definitely has a shield. Otherwise, the bullets would be visible in the chambers when looking at it from the back. JerichoRCDF 19:51, December 5, 2009 (UTC) Addendum: Just checked by dropping it from the inventory. That pic ain't bugged. JerichoRCDF 19:54, December 5, 2009 (UTC) After getting the revolver I see the shield in first person yes but the gun itself amost always has a bug in third person that shows the speedloader still stuck on the cylinder despite it being closed. So in my context I was not wrong as I believed you were referring to the speedloader when you spoke of a shield. So the gun in the pic is bugged. The .32 revolver also suffers from this bug. i found a bug!!! i found a bug! on paulson's gun! ok, here goes. When i picked up the revolver, its got a scope on it, it isn't a one time bug either, its happened loads. This isn't an ordinary scope either, when i press zoom it doesnt zoom, just goes into the screen where you got a scope corsshair, if you get me. Kinda like a scoped magnum where you look through the scope and there's no zoom at all. _------------------------------- Pics or it didn't happen. This guy is full of tihs Actauly he's right, and that "no zoom" bug he's talking about has happened for me on a few other scoped weapons.--92.19.32.135 17:42, September 4, 2009 (UTC) Its me the guy who started all this, I found the bug and I think I know why its there, i don't think its a bug I think its actually the non-playable version is scoped when the player has it because I tried this out and it worked. I would love to be proven wrong though. Does this best its brethren? My question is, because I own Paulson's, which is better among the Magnums? Callahan's? Blackhawk? You'd think that Paulson's is best outside of VAT's because of the multi-shrapnel shot crits, But i could be wrong. Anyone are to shed some light on it? thank you--Nosferus 20:55, October 18, 2009 (UTC) Well, Paulson's is better at close range and for sneak attacks, but at longer ranges opt for Callahan's (in terms of combat, it is objectively better than Blackhawk) And yes, always use a scattershot weapon outside of VATS 68.192.9.90 23:24, November 4, 2009 (UTC) While Callahan's is a better gun getting the gun is somewhat difficult to good karma characters. - RASICTalk 23:26, November 4, 2009 (UTC) (in terms of combat, it is objectively better than Blackhawk) 68.192.9.90 02:47, November 9, 2009 (UTC) honestly its nice tht is unscoped, but really, is it any comparison to blackhawk? or even callaghan's magnum? now lets think about it...i mean the shotgun effect alone makes it a little worse for long distance combat, and its damage isnt really great...its a good gun but ud figure something more from killing like 40 aliens.Toolazytomakeaaccount 20:12, October 18, 2009 (UTC) Uh, the thing gets critical hits that can kill a Behemoth in a single headshot... Nitty 20:18, October 18, 2009 (UTC) Isn't that because that if any weapon with a large spread has all it's pellets hit,it does,like,2800 damage? HuangLee 21:16, October 18, 2009 (UTC) i can see why youd think that, but truthfully the damage of a shotgun type weapon is like...well its like a assault rifle sais it does 31 dmg, its really like 5 dmg a shot, well its kindve the same thing with shotguns, except they have to do more damage if all hit mostly because of the likelyhood that they wont all hit.also fyi super mutant behemoths are the least of your worries in the wasteland if uve got broken steel, are lvl 30, and are playing on hard/very hard difficulty.Toolazytomakeaaccount 05:50, October 19, 2009 (UTC) So very true, my friend. DAMN THOSE WAVY SHIELDED ALIENS!!!!!! They are the most difficult enemy I have ever faced in fallout 3. 68.192.9.90 02:42, November 9, 2009 (UTC) It seems its stats are worse than that of a regular Combat Shotgun, except it has a higher crit mult and more crit dmg. 68.192.9.90 23:10, November 4, 2009 (UTC) OK. I've been doing some math, and it seems this weapon is deadlier than I had expected. On average, With 100 Small Guns, and all crit related perks, Paulson's Revolver does an average of 215.1 damage per shot, whereas the Terrible Shotgun does an average of 177.2 damage per shot. The Terrible still is the king of sneak attacks, and is easier to repair, but this gun is definitely viable. 68.192.9.90 23:22, November 4, 2009 (UTC) the terrible shotgun is definitely the most effective critical hit weapon, dealing over 1000 dmg when it crits if all pellets hit and its out of vats, truly pwns this gun...but eh w/e Paulson's is an okay weapon....only got it cause i collect unique items This gun is actually capable of reaching 2070 damage with a SAC headshot, so it can perform the Super Mutant Behemoth one hit kill that the Terrible Shotgun is famous for. 68.192.9.90 02:45, November 9, 2009 (UTC) Bullet Rant necessary? Is the huge rant about the inconsistency of the .44 Magnum round and this era of revolver really useful to the player? I'm not removing or editing it but I think that should be done. If a person really must know this information, Wikipedia has it. Killchain 05:47, December 16, 2009 (UTC) aaand now the magic question, what are we on? eeeh? ehhh? think about it for a minute..it'll come to u, think real hard....still don't got it? oh well, were on a wiki, i doubt someone went to the real wiki main thing and made a page about inconsistencies between fallout 3's paulson's revolver and normal revolvers, i really doubt it.Toolazytomakeaaccount 11:01, December 25, 2009 (UTC) Graphical error?? ok, i played MZ and i was in the hangar bay with palsoun,earlier i looted an alien wit an alien atomizer when i looted the gun it was equipped on my character buuuut it wasnt really equipped in the game world well later on palsoun died i took his gun and equipped it but when i unholsterd it it looked like alien atomizer but still shot like normal, weird and i tried to equip another alien atomizer exept on the top left hand corner of the screen said "You cannot equip this item"--Snipitysnipsnip 06:38, December 28, 2009 (UTC) Bethesda is Lazy It make no since that a .44 Magnum, a caliber developed in the late 1940's, revolver would be carried by a cowboy from the 19th Century. Another huge proleam would be that loading an old west six-shooter with .44 Magnum would result in losing part of your arm. I don't really care about all the details they got wrong. Bethesda could have at least made it look like an old west revolver, instead of just taking the Scoped .44 Magnum and taking the scope off. - Texas Ranger 02:45, July 29, 2010 (UTC) i second this opinion--Icommandoxx 21:53, February 6, 2011 (UTC)icommandoxx i third it lol Tommygunner32 19:18, April 21, 2011 (UTC) Reused in FNV anyone else notice that they reused this in fnv for the standard unscoped revolver? I noticed that too, good find, anon. Cone was here 55px 15:40, July 18, 2011 (UTC) What's the real ROF for this gun? I was doing the calculations and found the MDPS with 2.25 and all damage perks to be 511, even higher than Vengeance and Novasurge. Retrieved from "https://fallout.gamepedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Paulson%27s_revolver&oldid=1537189"	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1225
__label__cc	0.521837	0.478163	Florida Atlantic talking points: Seniors relishing dominance of Florida International Owls five game winning streak longest in series Florida Atlantic’s fifth years seniors became the first group to go 5-0 against Florida International. The Owls won the first three games of the series, lost in 2005 in a game the NCAA later vacated and have won every game since. “Me and Jeff Van Camp were talking about that earlier today talking about we can’t be that senior class that loses to FIU,” Lester Jean said. Van Camp echoed Jean’s feelings saying he didn’t want to be a part of that class that broke the string. Van Camp also typically deflected all the praise for Saturday’s 21-9 victory, boosting the embattled offensive line. “This game is completely on the offensive line, they won this football game,” Van Camp said. “They’re finally coming together. They got the experience they needed. They made it all happen today.” Welcome back, Willie Floyd Senior Willie Floyd had 93 yards on nine carries Saturday, 25 fewer yards than he had in his last 3 1/2 years. Floyd, whose 65-yard touchdown run in the fourth quarter gave the Owls a 21-9 lead, missed all of last year with a shoulder injury and was limited to 41 yards in 2008 and 2008. “We needed a spark this game and coach said, ‘you’re going to get the ball a little bit this game and you’ve got to do special things for us,”’ Floyd said. Series has gone just the way it should, says Schnellenberger FAU’s dominance in this series is the way it should be, according to Howard. “We should be ahead of them because we started out a year earlier than they did,” Schnellenberger said. “We were better prepared to enter the Sun Belt conference than they were.” The Owls are 8-1 in the series. “With us going into our new stadium, with them having a plan for the development of theirs, this can now rapidly become an important game in college football,” he said. Author: Sara E. Skinner Sara is a solutions manager for Cox Media Group Technology. View all posts by Sara E. Skinner Author Sara E. SkinnerPosted on October 30, 2010 Categories Football, Sun Belt Conference, Talking points, Tom D'AngeloTags Howard Schnellenberger, Jeff Van Camp, Lester Jean, Willie Floyd Previous Previous post: Florida Atlantic AD Craig Angelos says announcer Dave Lamont ‘accountable’ for meltdown at Arkansas State Next Next post: Florida Atlantic hard-hitting safety Marcus Bartels snubbed again by the Sun Belt Conference	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1228
__label__cc	0.594923	0.405077	Shoop Ranch West New Fairview, Texas 1,807± Acres DOWNLOAD PROPERTY BROCHURE The Shoop Ranch is a remarkable property with live water and a lot of character just north of Fort Worth. It is a large predevelopment opportunity with a prime location in the heart of one of the nation’s fastest-growing economies over the next five years. The Shoop Ranch is north of the Alliance Airport and between Decatur and Denton. Whether it is an immediate development play or a strategic hold for the near future is up to the land investor. Location: The Shoop Ranch is north of the Alliance Airport and north of State Highway 114, between Decatur and Denton. It is within the New Fairview city limits. The land is accessed primarily from FM 407 between New Fairview and Justin, and it also has access from county roads on the north and east sides. The property is approximately 15 miles from Decatur, 20 miles from Denton, 30 miles from Fort Worth, and 45 miles from Dallas. There are several nearby residential developments well underway that include Harvest, Highlands, and Avery. Water: The ranch has over 1.5 miles of both sides of Oliver Creek, which is a stunning clear water creek that runs all year long. It has limestone bottoms and is covered with fossils and long stretches of fishable water with bass, perch, and carp. Oliver Creek has several small unidentified tributaries that branch out towards the northern portion of the property. There are about 12 stock tanks scattered throughout the ranch for livestock, and the largest is about 1.5 acres in size. The ranch is being offered with approximately 50 acre-feet per year of adjudicated, deeded water rights out of Oliver Creek, which is part of the Upper Trinity River Segment of the Trinity River basin. This permit authorizes the landowner to divert, impound, and irrigate at 1,000 gpm from of an existing 5-acre reservoir. There are 2 water wells that produce from the Trinity Aquifer: a 6.25” domestic well in Denton County that was drilled in 1977 to 400’, and a 7” domestic well in Wise County that was drilled in 1997 to 500’. These yield approximately 15 gpm. Topography: The Shoop Ranch has primarily gentle rolling terrain, with most of it in pasture, and some cultivation. There are wooded areas along the Oliver Creek basin and also on the edges of about 3 or 4 wet weather tributaries. Bisected by Oliver Creek in the northern part, the ranch has over 150’ of topographical change, with elevations ranging from 720’ to 870’. The ranch generally drains from south to north, into Oliver Creek. The highest points in the property are located in the southwest and the lowest points are located in the northeast. Future Development Information: New Fairview Subdivision Development Procedure: The preliminary plat is submitted to the City Secretary. Plat goes through review process until approved by City Staff. Preliminary plat goes through City Council for approval. After preliminary plat is approved by City Council, construction documents and a Final Plat are submitted to City Secretary. Both items go through a review process until approved by the City. The final plat is recommended for approval by City Council. Surety of Construction is provided. City Council approves Construction Documents. City Council also approves Final Plat but does not sign plat until construction is completed. Preconstruction Meeting is held with City Staff and Council. Final project inspection, then record drawing submittal. City Inspection Team Recommends acceptance of the improvements to the City Council Surety for maintenance is provided. City accepts improvements and Final Plat is Signed and Filed. Due to the size of the subject property, the City of New Fairview will recommend submitting a Master Development Plan of the entire subject property prior to the preliminary plat submittal. The subject property is currently within the Agricultural Zoning District “A”, which requires a minimum lot size of 2 acres. A zoning change will be required. The City of New Fairview’s Comprehensive Plan states that the majority of future development will be dedicated to low-density residential uses. Higher residential developments are not prohibited, but a planned development district would be required. Planned Development Districts (PD) are allowed in the City of New Fairview as a way to deviate from existing zoning district requirements. A development plan must be submitted as part of the PD application and any restrictions represented in the development plan will become part of the ordinance once the zoning change is approved by the City Council. If for some reason the development plan is to be changed after approval, an amendment to the development plan must be submitted and approved by the Council. The Single-Family zoning district permits a minimum lot size of 1 Acre and a maximum density of 1 dwelling unit per 2 acres. Thoroughfare Plan The City of New Fairview’s Thoroughfare Plan was provided as part of a comprehensive plan, which shows FM 407 (south of the subject) expanding to an undivided 4-lane principal arterial (P4U). FM 407 is currently an east-to-west 2-lane undivided collector (C2U). The proposed land use plan also proposes County Line Rd as a 4-lane undivided minor arterial (M4U). County Line Rd. currently is a smaller 2-lane road that runs North to south along the Wise and Denton county lines. The Future Land Use Plan identifies a 2-lane undivided collector (C2U) to be constructed parallel to FM 407. It will connect FM 2264 and County Line Road and provide access to the Highland Meadows subdivision to the west of the subject property. 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Located in Val Verde County, the historic property was owned and operated by the same family since the 1920’s. Last Spread Farm The Last Spread is a multi-use showplace farm located in heart of the North Texas Horse Country. This farm’s 355± acres offer an appealing combination of pristine Cross Timbers hardwoods and highly improved rolling pastures. A top-end luxury home, stylish Morton Buildings and well-maintained John Deere equipment complete this fully turn-key property. The Last Spread […] 355± Acres What information would you like to receive about this property? What information would you like to receive about this property?* Please enter your contact information below. Hw would you like to be contacted?* How would you like to be contacted?PhoneEmailEither How did you hear about us?Internet SearchSocial NetworkLand InvestorAdvertisementFriendEventOther	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1230
__label__wiki	0.727768	0.727768	My fleeting fancies Feigned Mischief About FeignedMischief Tag Archives: Dan Stevens Theatre Review: Every Good Boy Deserves Favour Plot: A dissident (Millson) is locked up in an asylum. If he accepts that he was ill, has been treated and is now cured, he will be released. He refuses. Sharing his cell is a real lunatic, Ivanov (Jones), who believes himself to be surrounded by an orchestra. As the dissident’s son begs his father to free himself with a lie, Tom Stoppard’s darkly funny play asks if denying the truth is a price worth paying for liberty. I haven’t been to the National Theatre since November, after seeing August: Osage County so I was really looking forward to return and also because I am curious as to how this play for actors and orchestra will turn out. All I knew about the play was that Tom Stoppard wrote it in the 70’s with music provided for by then principal conductor of the London Symphony Orchestra, Andre Previn. I was already running late, no thanks to the traffic in Liverpool Street but managed to just get in right in time with minutes to spare. I was also meeting with Lynne, a fellow theatre trotter. I’m comfortably seated at dead center in the Olivier Circle and was already warming up to it just seeing the orchestra on stage – I wanted it to be good, I hoped that it would be good! So 65 minutes later, yes, the play didnt even take that long, what’s my verdict? I couldnt believe it! It was one of the best productions the National have staged – I’ve never seen anything like it before, ever! My seatmate, a really wondeful gentleman was still reeling with excitement after the experience, and if I may quote him, the subtle aggression was wonderfully played. The acting from Millson whom I already admired in his television performances and Toby Jones’ Ivanov was superb! What an evening! EGBDF definitely hit all the right notes, so if you can, please dont miss this production and come away uplifted by the experience of a night of not just words, but music. Every Good Boy Deserves Favour: 4/5 Playing at the Olivier, National Theatre until 25 February Tags: Andre Previn, Dan Stevens, Joseph Millson, Toby Jones, Tom Stoppard Categories National Theatre, Theatre & Performing Arts TV Review: Sense & Sensibility I love Jane Austen’s works, and Sense & Sensibility is one of my favorites. The plot revolves around Elinor and and Marianne, two of three daughters of Mr. Dashwood by his second wife. They have a younger sister, Margaret, and an older half-brother named John. When their father dies, the family estate passes to John and the Dashwood women are left impoverished. Fortunately, a distant relative offers to rent the women a cottage on his property. The novel follows the Dashwood sisters to their new home, where they experience both romance and heartbreak. The contrast between the sisters’ characters is eventually resolved as they each find love and lasting happiness. This leads some to believe that the book’s title describes how Elinor and Marianne find a balance between sense and sensibility in life and love. Emma Thompson adapted this in 1995 winning her the Academy for Best Adapted Screenplay and garnering 6 other nominations including Best Picture. It is a well loved film by all Jane Austen purists so you can imagine my surprise when the BBC announced a tv-movie adaptation. I suppose the only good thing about that news was that it was to be adapted by Andrew Davies, who also gave us the brilliant tv version of Pride & Prejudice also for the the BBC. It’s in 3 parts and first graced our tv screens New Year’s Day. I couldn’t believe that the first reel showed a lot of skin and innuendo, I thought, ‘what is this, Sex in the Country’? I was very close to losing my interest, but I decided to give it a chance for it might grow in me, and grow it did. IMHO, I still believe that Thompson’s adaptation was a far superior adaptation, but for a 3-part series where a lot more time is allowed to tell a story, Davies’ attempt was a good enough effort, for one thing they got the age of the characters right, no offense to Miss Thompson who did a great Elinor even it was a stretch to act like an 18 year old. I have to salute Hattie Morahan as she was very effective playing the more practical and sensible Elinor, and every emotion she felt and kept can be seen through those eyes. Her belated reaction to Edward’s declaration of love at the end was just as heartfelt and palpable minus the famous bleugh that Thompson did in the movie, although everytime I watch the film it never fails to elicit those bottled up emotions inside me. Morahan, I later found out, has done work for the RSC and had played Nina in Chekhov’s The Seagull, and I would love to see a live performance from her on stage in the future. Charity Wakefield did just as well but nowhere near Winslet’s perfect portrayal as the passionate and free-spirited Marianne. In the 3rd episode, as they were on their way back to Barton Cottage after recovering from her illness and finally noticing Colonel Brandon, she said after full realisation and conviction that, ‘it’s not what we say or feel that makes us what we are, but it’s what we do, or fail to do’. I couldn’t have said it any better. The gentlemen in the cast, Dominic Cooper as Willoughby, although less dashing and handsome as Greg Wise in the film, gave Willoughby some soul after confessing to Elinor of the wrongness of his ways and why he suffers. Colonel Brandon was played by a sympathetic David Morrissey, who may not be as great as THE Alan Rickman, did quite a good job but was very well lacking in oommpphh. I thought that Dan Stevens playing Edward Ferrars was portrayed so much better than the way Hugh Grant did it in the film. And when he finally declares his love to Elinor, I swear I felt my knees shake. One of the flaws I suppose was the lack of a very animated Mrs Jennings and Sir John Middleton. I also felt that Margaret, the youngest of the Dashwood sisters wasnt given much to play with. These characters were given so much teeth in the movie, it was a shame they were overlooked in this adaptation. All in all it was a good effort altogether, and an adaptation that can truly stand on its own. If you missed it, Episodes 2 & 3 is available for free on the internet by the BBC iPlayer service via this link: http://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/(The internet version is available in the UK only). Sense & Sensibility: 3.5/5 Tags: Charity Wakefield, Dan Stevens, David Morrissey, Dominic Cooper, Hatiie Morahan, Jane Austen, Sense and Sensibility Categories Art & Literature, Films, TV, Music melvinmf2 on It Happened One Night lily218 on It Happened One Night salinasrocha61486 on Doctor Who 2010: A Christmas… best diet plans sacr… on It Happened One Night Match Rods on Theater Review: A Moon for the… Doctor Who 2010: A Christmas Carol Laurence Olivier Awards 2010 Winners Stars Who Stalked the Stage in 2009 Doctor Who: The End of Time Theatre Review: Blood Brothers Theatre trotting in December Categories Select Category Art & Literature (13) Bobo Burrh (2) Confectionery (3) Conversations (5) Doctor Who (9) Ex-Files (1) Family Ties (7) Films, TV, Music (122) Fine Dining (15) Friends (9) Fun & Humor (2) Gadgets (4) Gobbets (7) Idioms (2) Lists (5) Men We Love (50) My London (2) Opera (9) Playwrights (4) Rant (25) Seinfeld (2) Simon Russell Beale (17) Star Wars (11) Streisand (5) Theatre & Performing Arts (79) National Theatre (21) Theatretrotting (9) Travel (7) Waxing Lyrical (27) Waxing Poetic (21) Friends of Feigned Mischief F I L M S T A L K E R Susan Elliott _ram-jaane’ Theatre trotters Blogging By Numbers Interval Drinks London TheatreGoer Look Back in Unfocused Anger Donmar Warehouse The Old Vic Feigned Mischief’s Visitors Almeida An Enemy of the People Anton Chekhov Barbra Streisand BBC Beau Jest Burnt by the Sun Candide Catherine Tate Cavalleria Rusticana Ciaran Hinds Clare Higgins Corin Redgrave Dan Stevens David Morrissey David Tennant De Profundis Dido Queen of Carthage Doctor Who Dominic Cooper Donmar Warehouse England People Very Nice English National Opera Filmstalker George Lucas Guardian Hackney Empire Hamlet Harold Pinter Hayley Atwell Henrik Ibsen Ian McKellen Jane Austen Jessica Hynes John Williams Kevin Spacey King Lear Major Barbara Marianne Elliott Matthew Warchus Michael Grandage Michelle Dockery Much Ado About Nothing National Theatre Nicholas Hytner Novello Oedipus Oscar Wilde Othello Pagliacci Penelope Wilton Pygmalion Ray Winstone Rebecca Hall Richard Armitage RSC Russell T. 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__label__wiki	0.701641	0.701641	Locations, McKinley Locations, Final Destination 3, McKinley, Pennsylvania is the city in which Final Destination 3 and The Final Destination took place. It was founded in June of 1705. Wendy Christensen visited the carnival with her boyfriend Jason Wise, best friend Carrie Dreyer, and Carrie's boyfriend Kevin Fischer for their senior class field trip. When they board the Devil's Flight roller coaster Wendy has a premonition that the roller coaster will crash, killing everyone on board. When she panics, a fight breaks out between Kevin, and fellow students Lewis Romero and Ian McKinley. As a result several students are forced off the ride moments before the roller coaster crashes as Wendy predicted. The remaining passengers are killed, including Jason and Carrie, which leaves Wendy devastated. Wendy, still distraught over Jason's death returns to McKinley High School one last time to pick up her diploma, having decided not to attend graduation. Before leaving she bumps into Kevin who tells her about Flight 180, but Wendy refuses to listen to him and drives off. When she returns home, she looks at the photos she took the night of the accident, and realizes that a photo she took of Jason foreshadowed his death. After Ashley Freund and Ashlyn Halperin die in a tanning bed accident, she tells Kevin about the photos. After the girl's funeral, they go to a drive-through where they try to find clues in Frankie Cheeks' picture. While discussing how Frankie will die, a delivery truck backs up into the side of their car trapping them in the drive-through. While trying to get out of the car, a runaway truck rolls towards them, but they manage to escape through the windshield, just moments before the truck crashes into Kevin's truck, resulting in Frankie's death. When she and Kevin look through the photos of the survivors once again, they realize that they had looked at the wrong photo of Frankie for clues. The next day they go to a gym to warn Lewis that he is next on Death's list, but he rudely rebuffs them before being killed by a damaged weight-lifting machine. They then visit Ian and his girlfriend Erin Ulmer at the hardware store but he and Erin don't believe them as well. Wendy manages to save Ian, but Erin is killed by a nail gun, causing Ian to resent Wendy. Wendy discovers that her sister Julie was also on the roller coaster, along with another person that was sitting next to her, and contacts Kevin, who is working as security at the Tricentennial, Wendy arrives and warns Julie just when a horse drags her and almost kills her, but Kevin saves her in time. Julie then informs Wendy about Death's list and asks who was sitting next to her on the rollercoaster as they are next, then the horse breaks and launches a flag that impales and kills Julie's friend Perry Malinowski. Wendy realizes that Kevin is next and saves him. After saving Kevin from an exploding barbeque grill, they almost manage to escape, but Ian arrives at the Tricentennial and blames Wendy for Erin's death. Wendy believes that Ian will cause her death, which he also comes to realize. During the standoff, a large container filled with fireworks go off in their direction, but they duck they hit a nearby cherry picker behind Ian instead. As Ian shouts that Death cannot kill him, the cherry picker suddenly collapses and crushes him in half as Wendy, Julie, and Kevin watch in horror. Wendy concludes that the the cherry picker was meant for her, but Ian inadvertently took her place. Five months later,, Wendy is on a subway train with her roommate Laura and friend Sean, when she encounters Kevin and Julie. Suddenly Wendy has another premonition in which the train's derails, killing everyone else on board. Wendy survives the crash, but ends up lying on the tracks with a broken leg. Moment later, another subway train speeds towards her as she screams in terror and she is splattered by the train. When the vision ends, Kevin realizes that she just had another premonition and pulls the emergency brakes but to no avail as the accident occurs, leaving the fate of the three unknown. Nick O'Bannon and his friends visit the McKinley Speedway for a study break. When Nick has a premonition that a car crash will cause the speedway to collapse on the guests he panics and a fight breaks out between him and several other spectators, who follow him out of the stadium moments before the accident occurs. Once outside, the group witnesses Nadia Monroy's death. Sometime later, Nick, Lori, Hunt and Janet go to a cafe, where they discuss what happened. After seeing the memorial at the McKinley Speedway on the news, Nick and Lori decide to go to pay their respects to the victims. There they meet security guard George Lanter, and are then confronted by Carter Daniels, who blames George for his wife, Cynthia's death. That night, as Nick and Lori sleep, Nick sees several omens. The next day, Nick and Lori see a news report on Carter's death, and Nick notices the same signs from his vision he had the night before. After Samantha Lane's death Nick and Lori explain to Hunt and Janet that Death is still after the survivors, but they don't believe them. He and Lori go back to the speedway so Nick can remember what order the survivors died in, but they are caught by George. After explaining what is going on to George he shows them security footage of the accident, which helps Nick remember, and he deduces that Andy Kewzer is next. They go to a Automobile repair shop to warn him, but he is killed moments later in a freak accident. Nick, Lori and George then find out that Hunt and Janet are next. Lori and George race to a car wash and save Janet from being skinned alive by a rotating brush, but Nick arrives too late to save Hunt at a pool. Later on, Nick and Lori visits George and find him trying to commit suicide. After he explains his many failed suicide attempts they believe that saving Janet ruined Death's plan. Days later, Nick is preparing for a vacation, after Lori and Janet go to the mall cinema. As Nick packs his stuff, he sees a news report which reveals that another survivor named Jonathan Groves was rescued from the rubble, and realizes that the reason George couldn't kill himself was because he wasn't next on Death's list. He and George rush to the hospital, but they arrive too late and Groves is crushed by an overfilled bathtub that falls through the ceiling. As they leave George is hit by a speeding ambulance. Nick rushes to the mall to save Lori and Janet, but Janet refuses to come with him, and is killed when the screen explodes. As Nick and Lori attempt to escape, Lori is pulled into the gears of a malfunctioning escalator. Nick realizes that this was just another vision, but is unable to save George. Nick rushes to a theater that is under construction, which is where the explosion starts and attempts to stop the fire, before the explosion occurs. He puts out the fire, but the ashes fly through the air and start another fire. A nail gun then falls off a table and shoot several nails into Nick's right arm. He tries to free himself, but to no avail. The trail of fire almost leads to a tank of combustible fluids, but Nick uses a long piece of wood with fire on it to set off the sprinklers and put out the fire. Two weeks later Nick, Lori, and Janet go to a cafe, and Nick begins to see several more omens foreshadowing their deaths. He realizes that everything they've been through was just a feint meant to lead them to where they needed to be for Death to strike. As he relays this information to Lori and Janet, the scaffolding next to the coffee shop falls over and lands in the middle of the road. A truck swerves to avoid hitting it and crashes right into the coffee shop, running over Nick, Lori, and Janet. Before all the events in the 3rd and 4rd film. Olivia Castle, a survivor of the North Bay Bridge collapse went to McKinley with at least 1 friend and rode Devil's Flight. She would later die when she falls onto a car. McKinley High School McKinley Park, also includes Devil's Flight McKinley Tricentennial Phoenix Tanning Company Salon Dante Springfield Centre Mall, also includes Tagert Theatres Death by Caffeine Forest Lawn Country Club Grandstate Customs Springfield Centre Mall Retrieved from "https://finaldestination.fandom.com/wiki/McKinley,_Pennsylvania?oldid=93869" McKinley Locations	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1233
__label__cc	0.672508	0.327492	"V" -- "Pound of Flesh" -- 04/06/10 Anna introduces her pilot program to invite select groups of humans to stay on each of the 29 space ships, Ryan must deal with the fact that Valerie's pregnancy is wildly accelerated, Tyler learns a secret about his mom, and one of the team makes a sacrifice to save Ryan. Written by Charles Murray & Natalie Chaidez Directed by Dean White Natalie Chaidez was a writer/producer on Terminator: The Sarah Connor Chronicles. Dean White was a Producer on The Shield with Scott Rosenbaum, the new showrunner. Charles Murray worked on season 1 of Castle. Some good talent behind the scenes on this episode. Dr. DVD Re: "V" -- "Pound of Flesh" -- 04/06/10 This show really needs to work on its FX. The scenes on the ship are so obviously green screen enhanced it's distracting. Find More Posts by Dr. DVD stingermck Originally Posted by Dr. DVD Its because nobody cast a shadow. Maybe its an alien thing. Holy Krycek sighting! Find More Posts by stingermck PopcornTreeCt Think this is the last episode I will watch. Find More Posts by PopcornTreeCt Giantrobo I'm still aboard. It's a crazy show. Find More Posts by Giantrobo dan30oly I really want to like this, but it's becoming a chore and painful to watch. At the very best I'll just put this show in my "watch later" stack and will get to it if/when there's a season 2 announced. Otherwise I don't think I'm wasting more time with it. Find More Posts by dan30oly dolphinboy Location: AZ Originally Posted by stingermck It kind of appeared like he still had the black oil in his eyes. Find More Posts by dolphinboy The shots where Morris Chestnut was walking through the hallways looked terrible. I'm real close to dropping this as well. Find More Posts by MrX The first four eps. had a promising story that was able to keep interested to this point. While the recent two have kept me somewhat interested, they do not seem to be taking the direction needed to maintain it. I read that the head creative chair for the show was replaced and they wanted to take it in a new direction, which so far I don't like. It seems that instead of the focus being on the resistance and Fifth Column against Anna and the others, they want to go for family tension melodrama for the CW type crowd, (Tyler and his family) mixed with random freaky stuff (the new lizard baby, Anna's birthing of a clone army) they think will appeal to the scfi-fi crowd. In short, they want to make the show everything to everybody, which for something like this isn't possible. Luds Location: Gatineau, QC I enjoyed this episode much more than the one last week which I thought was about 6 eps cut down into one. This week was much slower and manageable. Loved seeing Krycek, that was amazing. Krycek in V, Tooms was in 24 this year, and Duchovny in Californication, good to see the X-Files folks. I don't know what I'm hoping for with this new V. I sort of want to see what they do about the old storylines (like alien baby) but I'm not crazy about some choices. The new version of Michael Ironside just isn't as good as the real thing! Find More Posts by Luds I don't like the stupid stuff with Tyler and the whole dynamic that comes with it; still think the show is good and will stick with it. kstublen I'm actually really enjoying the show. Aside from Tyler, I think it's all very interesting stuff. I love the whole Fifth Column plot. Visit kstublen's homepage! Find More Posts by kstublen Drav3n count me in as one of the few that are still watching and enjoying this. Find More Posts by Drav3n AmityBoatTours Iam trying to enjoy this show, but its just so darn slow and boreing. I still have it set to record everyweek on my dvr in hopes that it will start to pick up. but half way through watching yesterdays episode just now i was so bored i just deleted the episode as it was putting me to sleep. Find More Posts by AmityBoatTours JuryDuty Location: Lost in Texas Just watched this. I'm still enjoying it, though it's clearly flawed and I'm not confident they will head the right direction, whatever that may be. I'll keep watching though in hopes that it will become even stronger. The way Anna's daughter keeps asking about emotions and the way the camera catches her questioning looks during her talks with Anna makes me wonder if she may be a Fifth column one day... Could be very interesting if Tyler were to die or fully come under Anna's control, and she rebeled and became Fifth Column. Would create great tension between the Elizabeth Mitchell's character and her. Last edited by JuryDuty; 04-07-10 at 10:38 PM. Visit JuryDuty's homepage! Find More Posts by JuryDuty I'm still on board and enjoying the show for what it is. I do wish they would move things along a bit. The resistance doesn't seem to have much of a plan, other than to exist. They should be adding more on the human side of things too, like maybe have Erica develop some contacts and try to get a warning to higher ups in the FBI or government. Also, the blurb in the OP saysthat Tyler learns a secret about his mom. Did I miss something? i thought it was decent, but damn if those special effects aren't absolutely dreadful. Originally Posted by wmansir Yeah the Mom and Dad were going back and forth about telling him some "truth". I don't think they did it last night though. He's an Alien? He's not his Dad's? Last edited by Giantrobo; 04-07-10 at 11:52 PM. THANK YOU! It was driving me nuts trying to figure out where he was from. I'm still watching, but I have yet to feel that "I can't wait for next week's episode!" feeling. aynrandgirl I read that the head creative chair for the show was replaced and they wanted to take it in a new direction, which so far I don't like. It seems that instead of the focus being on the resistance and Fifth Column against Anna and the others, they want to go for family tension melodrama for the CW type crowd There is a much simpler explanation. The resistance is a theme that appeals to men. They're replacing it with family melodrama because that appeals to women. "Appeal to women at all costs" will kill this show as it has many others. Find More Posts by aynrandgirl Lastdaysofrain After watching all the episodes I'm officially giving up. It's a mess, it's not well written, the characters and mysteries are boring and unappealing. I really wanted to like it. Find More Posts by Lastdaysofrain I'll keep watching but it's not exactly riveting. Location: Picture a cup in the middle of the sea Yeah, too bad about the Tyler story. I will watch until the end of this season, but I don't have any hope. Find More Posts by Raul3 Yeah, I'll hang around, but not with much enthusiasm. At the rate the ratings are falling, the network will make the decision to stop watching for us. It was down nearly 20% over last week and only had 6mil viewers.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1239
__label__cc	0.659574	0.340426	Bad Movie Recommendations Riki-Oh: The Story of Ricky By elithewho, September 4, 2011 in Bad Movie Recommendations crazyMadness crazy gross pris destructo punches Autistic flute boy Jamie Power 224 So much red sauce! I think this film may be too cult for HDTGM to cover, but if they did I think my head would explode (spoiler). audrew 2 This is the most insane movie ever. The story of basically Asian Superman entering the worst prison on the planet. Insanely hilarious gore and the most outrageous acting ever. Did I mention someone trying to strangle Ricky with his own intestines? Just a few highlights from the film, in gif form: The movie is on Netflix with English subtitles, but the more hilarious dubbed in English version is available in its entirety on YouTube. www.youtube.com/watch?v=OyXohnrEXVA Please, please, please do this movie. It is literally the most bonkers movie ever. IMDB link: http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0102293/ Ooops! I searched the board to see if this had suggested, but I didn't see it. Good to know a lot of fans are aware of this movie as well. Lando 2015 Sold out Han Location: Cloud City Watching now for the first time. I remember it got added to my list along with Ichi the Killer and Versus and after this Versus will be the only one left I'll have to see. If you really want to enjoy this movie, watch it with the subtitles and dub on at the same time. It's "all your base belongs to us" for 90 minutes of gory glory. I started watching it too late in the evening, so I decided to start it again tonight. I'll watch the youtube dubsub version This movie is amazing. It's like a cross between an Italian horror film and a Kung Fu movie and dubbed by Matt and Trey of South Park. The foley artists had a feild day on this film. I like that they state that by 2001 all prisons have been taken over by corporations, but for no real reason other than to say "this prison is fucking crazy because...coroprations!" This movie makes the Cranks look bush league. VinsanityV22 498 But this isn't a bad movie. It's a great movie! It is indeed a work of art. And should be admired. Yes, but this movie isn't explicitly about bad movies. Remember Fast Five? This is ostensibly just about how movies get made. Baffling movies. Movies that shouldn't have been. Somewhere, some visionary had something he HAD to bring to the screen and share with humankind. And somehow, an army of executives and focus groups DIDN'T get in his way and destroy it. This kind of movie is a miracle. And that sort of achievement deserves to be talked about. DavidBrianDanielBasile 19 Bump for absolute justice 4th of July bump. Free this movie from How Did this Get Made obscurity!! CarloVanstiphout 34 The dub for this elevates this insane movie to even insaner levels of awesome. zmbabwe 7 This movie is too good, though. Go To Topic Listing Bad Movie Recommendations	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0009.json.gz/line1240

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