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Board index ‹ Main Forum ‹ Movie News
The Future of Star Wars, Indiana Jones & Beyond
All the dirt. All the top secret stuff. Anything that has to do with the process of getting us to sit and watch something projected on the big screen.
315 posts • Page 4 of 7 • 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Re: Star Wars Origins: Yoda
by TheButcher on Tue Feb 05, 2013 1:42 am
What's the first stand alone STAR WARS film to be made?
Re: The Future of Star Wars, Indiana Jones & Beyond
by SilentBobX on Tue Feb 05, 2013 6:10 am
I tried to promise myself I wouldn't do this but I have to say it. The instant I heard about 'stand-alone' Star Wars films, my cynicism jumped off the chart in regards to this franchise. To me, it sounds like a horrible cash grab and nothing else. Because goodness knows they need another reason to sell more toys, junk, etc. to a whole new generation of fans and old ones. Do we really need an origin movie of Porkins, Chewbacca, or any of the alien bounty hunters? Really? I don't mean to offend those who love the series but I'm a crass, cynical bastard and sometimes I need for these feelings to be vented.
Peace, Selah, Mahalo
SilentBobX
by Fievel on Tue Feb 05, 2013 9:45 am
The thought of stand alone films made me think they could go either way. The rumored Zack Snyder Seven Samurai film could have been interesting - especially if it was, as doubly-fan-rumored, led by Mace Windu.
But a film on Yoda? YODA?!?!? The one character that 98% of the time moves slow as hell and always talks with a fucked-up speech pattern?!? I'm sorry, but even in the Star Wars universe that's going to be boring as hell. Oh, but then he's going to eat his spinach and fly around at super-speed and zap people with his lightsaber. So what? Whatever. Yoda is cool because we DON'T know about him. I don't want Yoda overkill and have to look at him for 90+ minutes of a 120+ minute movie. He's just not a lead character.
by Spandau Belly on Tue Feb 05, 2013 10:07 am
Yoda will be played as a full-sized man by Christian Bale in greenface. The film's story will be one of a man's quest for enlightenment and will basically be another remake of THE RAZOR'S EDGE. As Yoda becomes more wise, he shrinks, because it is more important to have a strong mind and strong soul than a strong body; and his eyes and ears grow because observation is more important than asserting oneself.
by travis-dane on Tue Feb 05, 2013 10:39 am
Spandau Belly wrote: Yoda will be played as a full-sized man by Christian Bale in greenface. The film's story will be one of a man's quest for enlightenment and will basically be another remake of THE RAZOR'S EDGE. As Yoda becomes more wise, he shrinks, because it is more important to have a strong mind and strong soul than a strong body; and his eyes and ears grow because observation is more important than asserting oneself.
Of course Dolph Lundgren would play Yodas mentor.
Lesbian Nazi Hookers Abducted by UFOs and Forced Into Weight Loss Programs!
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Location: DTVille
by Fievel on Tue Feb 05, 2013 4:13 pm
How long has it been since Harry has truly, and I mean TRULY had any sort of exclusive insider news?
Re: Star Wars Origins?
‘Star Wars’ SpinOff Films Still In Early Planning Stages, Disney CEO Says
It's Official: 'Star Wars' Stand-Alone Films From Lawrence Kasdan, Simon Kinberg in Development
'Star Wars' stand-alone pics in development - Lawrence Kasdan, Simon Kinberg tasked with pic concepts outside new trilogy
Last edited by TheButcher on Wed Feb 06, 2013 3:51 pm, edited 1 time in total.
by TheButcher on Wed Feb 06, 2013 3:51 pm
New Star Wars Stand-Alone Films to Follow Boba Fett and Young Han Solo
by Fievel on Wed Feb 06, 2013 3:59 pm
TheButcher wrote: New Star Wars Stand-Alone Films to Follow Boba Fett and Young Han Solo
When I first saw the headline for some stupid reason my mind went to this song:
by SilentBobX on Wed Feb 06, 2013 4:44 pm
Fievel wrote:
Watched that show 3 times and said: "This new Hulk show sucks"
that's funny, my mind went to this:
if they're going to do these SW stand-alone films, i'd rather have all-new characters than trying to build films around previously established characters. i suppose boba fett could work, since recasting isn't really an issue. but a yoda movie stupid it would be. and recasting han solo would just be a bad bad idea.
TheBaxter wrote:
Bah, I believe it when I see it. Disney is going apeshit with announcing future SW work. Its one thing to get someone to write a script (probably done just as much to keep the PR buzz going) its another to get a director/casting/timeframe done. Just saying its going to happen after JJ's episode isn't really a commitment in my mind.
P.S. So when does the "Nathon Fillion or Josh Halloway for Han Solo" campaign start?
so sorry wrote: P.S. So when does the "Nathon Fillion or Josh Halloway for Han Solo" campaign start?
doesn't matter, they won't have a chance against the "Channing Tatum or Shia LaBooof for Han Solo" campaigns led by their agents and the imagination-starved execs who actually make the decision.
Fievel wrote: How long has it been since Harry has truly, and I mean TRULY had any sort of exclusive insider news?
I ask that myself sometimes, Fievel. It seems as if the spy network that put Harold on the map has kinda dried up. Could be for many reasons however. Harold's schedule, increased security at studios, harsh reprisals for leaking information, or even the fact that not much is out there.
I read a rumor once that people hired into certain positions are given an 'honesty' test, where they come by a piece of information and if it's discovered in someone else's hands, that person fails said test. I have zero proof of this and it was too long ago to remember where, but it does give pause.
‘Star Wars’ Spinoff Films Nowhere Near Set: Disney Still “Just Kicking Around Ideas”
Finally a breath of fucking sanity.
by Spandau Belly on Wed Feb 06, 2013 9:21 pm
Is there another website that gets huge amounts of scoops? I don't go to that many movie websites, but it seems to me that the studios have caught up with the times. Maybe back in the 90s the studios saw the internet as this big threat because it gave away details about movies before they were released. These days I think the studios work with the internet and not against it becuase they want to get as much out there as possible to build hype for their movies.
Sure, there's a few guys like Abrams and Nolan who are known for their demand for secrecy, but I think for the most part the studios want to issue a press release for every creative decision they make to build interest in the movies.
Spandau Belly wrote:
Is there another website that gets huge amounts of scoops? I don't go to that many movie websites, but it seems to me that the studios have caught up with the times.
I'm just thinking of the ones most often cited - Latino Review and Deadline.
Re: Star Wars Origins
by TheButcher on Sat Feb 09, 2013 9:22 am
IGN Interviews Lawrence Kasdan and Simon Kinberg on Star Wars: Episode VII and Standalone Films
An exclusive one-on-one chat with the writer-producer-consultants.
Frank Oz ready to return to Yoda for ‘Star Wars’ spinoff movie
by RogueScribner on Sat Feb 09, 2013 8:14 pm
I think this site lost its luster about 10 years ago. Whatever mojo Harry had is long gone...
My eye isn't lazy; it's ambidextrous!
RogueScribner
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Location: Melbourne, FL
by TheButcher on Sun Feb 10, 2013 10:12 am
‘Star Wars’ writer Lawrence Kasdan wants spinoff film to ‘start fresh’
Re: Star Wars: Episode VIII
by TheButcher on Tue Feb 26, 2013 6:23 pm
MarketSaw:
Exclusive Update: Alfonso Cuaron Lining Up For STAR WARS Ep VIII? Simon Pegg Going STAR WARS On Us?
Jim Dorey wrote: You all know by now that we have some great sources embedded in key franchises - one of which is the mighty STAR WARS universe. Well the same source that gave us the exclusive that the third STAR WARS trilogy is going to happen, in 3D, without Lucas directing, that it will focus on the Skywalker offspring, and that the trilogy will follow in the original trilogy's tone is back.
So what's cooking now? How about Alfonso Cuaron getting up close and personal? I mentioned Episode VIII, but it could be Episode IX as well (or both for that matter). I would LOVE to see a STARS WARS movie directed by Cuaron. So many people are going to have the light turned on as to how brilliant a director he is after they see GRAVITY this year.
Anyway, I won't further spoil the spy info - so read on and we'll discuss afterwards!
As far as I know Episode 7 was then, and is now, focusing on the Skywalker's offspring. As I told you before, I believe duel personalities develop, akin to Anakin and Obi Wan, and Luke and Vader in the first trilogies, which as far as I am aware, is the driving force behind the new trilogy. Things may change however, but I doubt it, this has been long in the making.
The focus is on the original trilogy in regards of reverence and tone. Remember I told you before that the tone was important, well I believe they are really taking that seriously. From everything I know, they're focusing on that directly. Remember everything has the ability to change drastically, as Star Wars right now apart from the twin trilogies is a huge blank canvas. However, the trilogies ongoing narrative will continue to focus on that particular branch, whereas the stand alone movies, will fill and expand the voids in between in multiple timelines, and have potential to then be franchised themselves in regards to the worlds they open up.
Yoda, Palpatine, Jabba, Boba, Plagueis etc.
I believe they are very clued into what fans would and wouldn't like, and considering Mr Ford himself may not be done with his character yet, I wouldn't start picketing Lucasfilm about young Han Solo movies being made just yet. Which I was led to believe couldn't be further from how they want to move forward creatively anyway.
Harrison Ford has been approached, he has not turned it down, and is from everything I hear, very interested in returning to the role of Han Solo again, but is not signed as was reported recently. Negotiating may be a better choice of words right now. Hope it shakes out.
Mark Hamill and Carrie Fisher were also approached a long time ago, as was ford, and a few other key players. I would all but guarantee, they will be in Episode 7, and I would be confident that Ford will return too. If the universe aligns correctly.
J.J. Abrams name was brought up to me numerous times, but only in reference to re-brand and ground up respect for world building that the franchise was looking to take back then. Very sneaky. Interesting to see he was offered the most coveted and feared gig in cinema history. Ultimately he is the perfect choice to direct episode 7, and set up the franchise to steward through the first trilogy. The names I mentioned to you before, remember them (EDITOR'S NOTE: my source's director list can be found here). Alfonso Cuaron especially. Trust me.
J.J. Abrams mystery cube or whatever he is calling it today, is in full effect, Star Wars news is going to be very thin on the ground for the foreseeable future, but expect Simon Pegg to be involved in some capacity. Can't say why, but lets just say I have a strong feeling about that.
Star Wars fans, Kathleen and J.J have your interests at heart.
Re: Remake the Prequels WTF
by TheButcher on Wed Feb 27, 2013 2:18 am
From /film:
The ‘Star Wars’ Movie Idea Lucasfilm Should Consider: Remake the Prequels
Re: Lucasfilm Animated Strange Magic
by TheButcher on Wed Jun 12, 2013 2:29 am
Pixar Vet Gary Rydstrom Is Directing An Animated Feature At Lucasfilm
TheButcher wrote: From Bleeding Cool:
Looks Like George Lucas’ Animated Musical About Fairies Is About To Get Going In Singapore
Lucasfilm to build Singapore facility - New building scheduled to open late 2012 or early 2013
DAVID S. COHEN wrote: Lucasfilm will build a new facility in Singapore to house its burgeoning digital production businesses there.
The Singapore branches of LucasAnimation, LucasArts Games and Industrial Light & Magic will all be housed in the new facility.
Together those operations already have a staff of 400 in Lucasfilm's existing office in the Signature Building in Changi Business Park. Staff at those offices is increasing rapidly and Lucasfilm is outgrowing the space.
New building in the Fusionopolis area of One North will comprise eight floors of office space and be roughly 409,000 sq. ft., with 242,000 sq. ft of gross floor area.
Lucasfilm has 1700 employees at its headquarters in San Francisco's Presidio.
The new building, which looks like something from the Star Wars universe, will be built above a public garden. Groundbreaking will be early 2011 with completion skedded for late 2012 or early 2013.
Colum Slevin, vice president/head of studio operations Lucasfilm Animation oversees ILM Singapore from San Francisco. Xavier Nicolas runs the facility locally.
Last edited by TheButcher on Sun Feb 01, 2015 2:49 am, edited 1 time in total.
This was posted by the official Star Wars page on Facebook today:
Legendary Star Wars designers Doug Chiang and Iain McCaig, now confirmed for future Star Wars films, are heading to Germany!
I really liked Doug Chiang's stuff on the first two Prequels, and his stuff away from it (his Robots work is stunning). I just hope his style "fits" where they're headed in the new films - or even better, I hope there's more range to his style that he hasn't shown.
That's all assuming he's going to be working on 7-9 and not a standalone film. (and why I cautiously posted it in this thread)
by TheButcher on Sat Jun 22, 2013 7:02 pm
JoBlo:
Exclusive: Timeline for Star Wars films through episode IX and more on the spin-offs and new animated series!
by TheButcher on Tue Jul 09, 2013 6:37 pm
‘Star Wars’ Set To Make Disney Debut At D23 Expo
Re: Star Wars 3D
by TheButcher on Fri Jul 26, 2013 2:49 pm
Bleeding Cool:
I’ve Seen Star Wars Episode II Attack of the Clones In 3D And I Want To Tell You About It
Craig Skinner wrote: The new 3D version of Star Wars Episode II: Attack of the Clones was supposed to be released to US cinemas this September, with Revenge of the Sith following shortly after, but the purchase of Lucasfilm by Disney and their plans for an Episode VII appear to have gotten in the way of this release and it’s been put on hold for the time being.
Re: Star Wars: Orange Harvest
by TheButcher on Fri Aug 09, 2013 4:09 pm
Disney's D23 Expo Teases Secret Star Wars: Orange Harvest Project
by SooperPooperScooper on Sat Aug 10, 2013 1:47 pm
some things we know already - but don't know we know....
we don't want an indy 5 - as it WILL be shit.
star wars doesn't excite us anymore, and the new movies won't be that great or give us anything new or even hit the Box office that big. in short, the former glories are gone for good and what they give us at best, we can live without. it's very meh. we don't need more sw movies.
spielberg that made magic is gone. his mature films are top quality yes but the wonder and excitement and feeling like you're experiencing something new for the first time has passed. we don't need him or his indy movies. move on people.
for the final last fucking time, stop buying or seeing re-released editions of any of hte sw movies - you are unaware of how bored you are when you rewatch them and how you aren't even paying that much attention to them or enjoying them, mostly you just look for thre new bits that are added to the films so you can slag them off like blinking ewoks.
same for bruce willis - he is playing the same bold guy in a leather jacket in all his movies, the tough guy person all the time, even john mclane is like this. he's become shit -we should realise this too.
we are all done with cgi. ender's game is another example of 'oh wow fucking blah blah look at that brilliant but shit cg spectacle on screen i've seen it all before blah blah' crap. there is nothing new that it can give us and anything new that it DOES give isn't that remarkable or revelationary or memorable anyway - and frankly as it's not even real it is underwhelming in it's excitement. i came to see a film - that means to watch something that was physically filmed. filmed filmed filmed, 3 dimensionally shot and created and filmed. that's hwat a film is. i didn't come to see a cartoon or computer animation. if i want that i'll see monsters inc. as soon as the special fx start in a 'film' that we came to that film to see, that film ceases to be a film, and we downstep and downgrade into watching that is 2 dimensional and like a thin piece of paper, created flat - not physically 3 dimensionally filmed. so fuck off fx movies.
get over yourselves people, you don't need or want or even like all this shit as much as you think you do. once you realise that and release yourself fom it you can move on.
SooperPooperScooper
PRIMITIVE SCREWHEAD
Location: On film sets.
by TheBaxter on Tue Aug 13, 2013 11:27 am
SooperPooperScooper wrote: some things we know already - but don't know we know....
i enjoy your incisive and witty commentary. i look forward to your next post.
by TheButcher on Wed Aug 14, 2013 5:20 pm
Super Shadow:
Concerning new Star Wars movies about the first Jedi Knight and the first Sith Lord as a Jedi movie or a Sith movie
Super Shadow wrote: Over the next 15 years, Lucasfilm and The Walt Disney Company will develop various Star Wars movies about the ancient history of the Star Wars galaxy. One of these new Star Wars films could be the story of the first Jedi Knight and the first Sith Lord. This Star Wars movie would explore the founding of the Jedi Order and the reasons why the Jedi only study the ways of the light side of the Force.
Likewise, this future Star Wars film could reveal how the Sith Lords got started and why the Sith focus on mastering the dark side of the Force. The identities of the first Jedi and first Sith would finally be revealed to Star Wars fans in an official Star Wars movie.
by Lord Voldemoo on Wed Aug 14, 2013 9:14 pm
TheButcher wrote: Super Shadow:
It's fun to speculate but Super Shadow is where I draw the line. Reading his "scoops" is like watching a Sy Fy channel movie about a Bearsharktopus and assuming it's a documentary.
by Fievel on Wed Aug 14, 2013 11:38 pm
Lord Voldemoo wrote:
Wow.....
I haven't been to his site in forever. I had no idea he was still raging hard!!!
Gotta give him credit for committing fully to the bullshit over the years, assuming he hasn't taken a break!
by TheButcher on Thu Aug 15, 2013 1:39 pm
io9 Morning Spoilers:
Is J.J. Abrams taking complete control of the Star Wars universe?
Alasdair Wilkins wrote: Star Wars: Episode VII
A new rumor says that J.J. Abrams is already in line to do far more for Star Wars than just direct the first movie — the claim is that Abrams “will supervise and consult all other side projects from the franchise – games, spin-off movies, TV series etc.”
In this scenario, it seems like the relationship between Lucasfilm president Kathleen Kennedy and Abrams would be analogous with that between Marvel Studios president Kevin Feige and creative consultant Joss Whedon—and I suppose George Lucas becomes Stan Lee in this scenario, though probably minus the charmingly shoehorned cameos.
While it’s not particularly implausible to imagine Abrams taking on such a huge creative role, particularly given his track record developing successful genre TV series that he then turns over to other people to run, the report is couched in a lot of discussion of supposedly tough behind-the-scenes negotiations, and I’m generally inclined to doubt such insider reports.
There’s also the question of whether Abrams would really want to take on such a role — the report claims that Abrams demanded such control as a condition of directing Episode VII — which doesn’t necessarily fit all that well with how he approached the Star Trek franchise, where every move he made when not actually directing the films seemed geared to allow him to retain the greatest amount of scheduling freedom and flexibility. Besides, it’s an open question whether Disney or Lucasfilm would really want to turn over such far-reaching control over what is now their joint flagship franchise to one person who, for all his success, hasn’t even started production yet on an actual Star Wars film. So yeah, I’d greet this report with a goodly amount of skepticism. [Star Wars 7 News]
Star Wars 7 News:
Disney is Betting Everything on J.J. Abrams.
by TheBaxter on Fri Sep 13, 2013 9:52 am
stand-alone SW films will be origin stories for the most beloved OT characters.... because we all know how well that worked out in the prequels
george lucas needed 3 films to ruin vader. it looks disney will only need one pointless backstory film to do that for han solo, yoda and boba fett each (although lucas kinda already did that for boba fett and yoda in Ep II, and han solo in the Ep IV special edition.... so i guess in a way these films are remakes?). hopefully they can really fuck it up and cast shia labarf as young han solo.
Re: The Future of Indiana Jones
by TheButcher on Fri Dec 06, 2013 7:09 pm
Disney Takes Over Rights to ‘Indiana Jones’ Franchise
Paramount keeps distribution rights to previous four films
Justin Kroll wrote: The Walt Disney Studios and Paramount Pictures have reached a distribution and marketing agreement for the Indiana Jones franchise.
Under the arrangement, Disney gains distribution and marketing rights to future films, in addition to retaining its current ownership rights which it secured when it acquired Lucasfilm.
Paramount will continue to be responsible for distribution of the first four films in the franchise and will receive a financial participation on any future films that are produced and released.
Though Disney now owns the rights they have not officially announced that a fifth films is in the works.
Back in August while promoting his Relativity film “Paranoia,” Harrison Ford expressed interest in doing another film but as of right now no writers have been set to write a script and Steven Spielberg has not committed to a sequel.
That said, now that Disney has those rights they likely will move quickly to get a film in motion. Disney Chairman and CEO Bob Iger has expressed a lot of interest to monetize the brand ever since Disney bought Lucasfilm last year.
The last installment “Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull” grossed $783 million worldwide.
by TheButcher on Fri Jan 03, 2014 12:15 pm
STAR WARS: Is Lawrence Kasdan Working On The Boba Fett Spin-Off Movie?
In an interview with AMC Movie Talk, Metalocalypse director Jon Schnepp seemingly confirms that a solo outing for the enigmatic bounty hunter is indeed in the works, with Empire Strikes Back scribe Lawrence Kasdan on writing duties
AMC Movie Talk 24 Marathon - Part 6
by TheButcher on Sat Jan 18, 2014 2:58 am
Star Wars Spin-Offs Will Not Crossover with the New Trilogy
Kathleen Kennedy offers new details about the Star Wars canon according to George Lucas' mandate.
"George was so clear as to how that works. The canon that he created was the Star Wars saga.
Right now, Episode VII falls within that canon.
The spin-off movies, or we may come up with some other way to call those films, they exist within that vast universe that he created.
There is no attempt being made to carry characters (from the standalone films) in and out of the saga episodes.
Consequently, from the creative standpoint, it's a roadmap that George made pretty clear."
Boba Fett vs Jodo Kast!
The The Boba Fett rumor that might rewrite Star Wars rumor that might rewrite Star Wars
by TheButcher on Wed Jan 22, 2014 9:41 pm
Pixar Joining Star Wars Universe
Rumour: Pixar Making A Star Wars Movie
Re: The Future of Industrial Light & Magic
by TheButcher on Fri Feb 14, 2014 1:53 pm
'Star Wars' Leads ILM to Launch New London Effects Facility (Exclusive)
With plans to support additional productions including "The Avengers 2" in London, and to double its head count in Vancouver, the VFX division of Lucasfilm is poised for a major expansion.
Re: The Future of Star Wars!
by TheButcher on Thu Mar 06, 2014 12:52 am
Chatting With Admiral Ackbar
Tim Rose Talks Puppeteering on Return Of The Jedi
Rumor: Star Wars Saga Getting Digital Release In November
Our friends at Jedi News are reporting that the six existing Star Wars films will see their first digital distribution at the end of the year.
My Breakfast With Boba Fett
by TheButcher on Fri Apr 25, 2014 9:53 pm
Rumor: Disney Executives Wrestling With Boba Fett Spin-off Film
Many fans have been clamoring for a Boba Fett spin-off film, but it appears that Disney is finding that concept problematic as it looks to expand the Star Wars universe beyond the core story that will continue in Episode VII.
MakingStarWars.net reports the following tidbit from a Disney executive breakfast that, contrary to what Lucasfilm told us, apparently happened this morning (though we're still waiting for more evidence):
From what we have heard about the event, there was a lot of discussion about Boba Fett at the breakfast. The executives are apparently enthusiastic about the rocket man. There are some minor problems going forward with a film about a villain, however. The general problem with Boba Fett is how to use him effectively without ruining his evil essence to make him the protagonist of a Star Wars Spin-off film. The executive was overheard (paraphrased) as saying, "Lucasfilm wants Boba Fett to remain menacing and scary but we have to make him the hero of the film and it is a real challenge."
Jason from MakingStarWars.net goes on to point out that Lucasfilm's corporate sibling Marvel has had trouble turning its villains into standalone film heroes, referring to their limited success with Loki. Given that Boba Fett operates in a grey area between good and evil, it seems like it would be easier to cast him as a likable protagonist than it would be for Loki.
What do you think about Disney's concerns regarding Boba Fett? Is it important that he be a "hero," or should Disney dispense with the pleasantries and green-light a film in which the bounty hunter pulls no punches?
by TheButcher on Fri Apr 25, 2014 10:18 pm
Future of ‘Star Wars’ Will Rely Only on Past Movies, Animated TV Series
by Fievel on Wed May 07, 2014 2:53 pm
Disney Confirms There Are Three Star Wars Spin-Off Films In The Works
CEO Bob Iger spoke during the Walt Disney Company quarterly earning stockholders call today, and a reporter from Variety says that the executive revealed that the studios actually have three "spin-offs" in the works. The plan is to have each of these movies come our in the years when we don't see a new episode of the main saga. Because Star Wars: Episode VII is coming out in December 2015, that means that the first "other" movie is being planned for 2016. Provided all goes according to plan, we would presumably then see Star Wars: Episode VIII in 2017, the second "other" movie in 2018, Star Wars: Episode IX in 2019, and the third "other" movie in 2020.
That's a lot of fucking Star Wars.
by so sorry on Wed May 07, 2014 4:49 pm
Fievel wrote: Disney Confirms There Are Three Star Wars Spin-Off Films In The Works
by TheBaxter on Wed May 07, 2014 4:54 pm
so sorry wrote:
by Spandau Belly on Wed May 07, 2014 5:01 pm
Disney didn't spend billions buying Star Wars just to make three more movies. Aside from the spinoffs, you can bet they'll have more main saga movies lined up after this next trilogy is complete, too.
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Home » Games » Play Last Day on Earth: Survival for PC and Mac
Play Last Day on Earth: Survival for PC and Mac
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Download Operation: New Earth for PC
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Play ARK Survival Evolved for PC Windows
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Jesse James Garrett is co-founder and Chief Creative Officer of Adaptive Path, a groundbreaking user experience design consultancy now part of Capital One. His contributions to the field of user experience include creating the seminal "Elements of User Experience" model; developing the Visual Vocabulary, a notation system for documenting user experience design; and defining Ajax, an approach to creating dynamic Web applications. Jesse has received Wired Magazine's Rave Award for Technology and was named one of the "50 Most Important People on the Web" by PC World.
16 Lessons from 16 Years in UX
Adaptive Path
@Abby_the_IA
abbytheia.com
Abby Covert is an independent information architect in New York City. She specializes in delivering a collaborative information architecture process and teaching those that she works with along the way.
She speaks and writes under the pseudonym Abby the IA, focusing on sharing information architecture content with those working within the design and technology communities. She is the author of "How to Make Sense of Any Mess" a book about information architecture for everybody.
She teaches information architecture at The School of Visual Arts. She is also the current president of the Information Architecture Institute, a global non-profit membership organization focused on empowering IA leadership, currently serving members in 73 countries.
How to Make Sense of Any Mess
Information Architecture for Everybody
http://kevnull.com/
Kevin is the author of "See What I Mean: How to Communicate Ideas with Comics". He was the CEO and co-founder of Incredible Labs, the company behind a mobile personal assistant named Donna which was acquired by Yahoo. Previously, he was a product manager at Twitter, leading the redesign of the website; the director of user experience at the gaming social network Raptr; and the designer of Yahoo! Pipes. He also co-founded the user experience web comic OK/Cancel.
He holds a master’s degree from University College London in human computer interaction and ergonomics, and has presented about design, comics, and augmented reality at numerous conferences including Interaction, IA Summit, User Interface Conference, UXWeek, and South by Southwest. His workshop on using comics has been utilized by companies such as Adobe, McAfee, eBay, and Yahoo..
How to Storyboard Product Ideas
Storyboarding: Communicating Your Ideas with Comics & Drawings
See What I Mean
@dburka
deltatangobravo.com
Daniel Burka is a San Francisco-based product designer. He’s currently a design partner at Google Ventures. He works with Google Ventures’ many portfolio companies to solve their design challenges.
Previous to Google, Daniel co-founded Silverorange, a Canadian web agency where he got to work with Mozilla (he helped draw the Firefox logo), Ning, Sloan, and did lots of e-commerce and government work to boot. One day Kevin Rose called up silverorange and had Daniel and his team design the early stage designs of Digg. Soon after Daniel moved to San Francisco to become Digg’s creative director as the site grew from a niche technology news sites to a leading news entity. Five years later, Daniel left to join a gaming startup called Tiny Speck with the founders of Flickr. Then, with Kevin Rose free to pursue new ventures, he and Daniel co-founded the mobile incubator Milk, which was acquired by Google a year later. After joining Google, Daniel led the mobile user experience team for Google+ before becoming a partner at Google Ventures.
Sprint: How to Prototype and Test Products in Five Days
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@boltron
https://scifiinterfaces.wordpress.com/
As a 20+ year veteran of the user experience industry, Christopher designs products and services for a variety of domains, including health, financial, and consumer. His spidey-sense goes off semi-randomly, leading him to investigate and speak about a range of things from interactive narrative to ethnographic user research, interaction design to generative randomness, and designing for the future.
He is co-author of Make It So: Interaction Design Lessons from Science Fiction (Rosenfeld Media, 2012), co-author of 「About Face: The Essentials of Interaction Design, 4th Edition」 (Wiley, 2015) and keeper of the blog scifiinterfaces.com. He is currently working on a new book about the user experience of narrow AI (Rosenfeld Media, 2016.)
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AYVA – 23 MONTHS OLD
Retrun to 22q Stories
Home » AYVA – 23 MONTHS OLD
After experiencing two previous miscarriages, it was amazing to hear and see my daughter’s heartbeat for the first time on the ultrasound when I was just 5 weeks pregnant. My pregnancy was a breeze and everything appeared to be going well. All prenatal test results came back normal, and I felt great up until I gave birth at 38 weeks. I was even satisfied with how my labor and delivery experience panned out, and Ayva received an almost perfect APGAR score after she was born.
August 12, 2011 turned out to be the best and worst day of my life. After Ayva was taken for more testing, a cardiologist came into the recovery room and informed us that our precious daughter had a heart condition (Tetralogy of Fallot) that would require surgery at around 4-6 months of age. This is news that would be simply unfathomable to any parent, and it was especially that to us as first-time parents. My gynecologist was as shocked and dumbfounded as we were. I had always been healthy and had done everything right during my pregnancy…how could this have happened?
Ayva spent two nights in the NICU where we visited her off and on and then we were told that we could take her home. I remember going to visit her for the first time in the NICU after her birth…examining and touching our miracle, and surprisingly and unexpectedly blurting out “I love her” to my husband. It was just as other parents always say…it is a love like no other, a love which has the power to change your world forever. Despite the bad news, I always tried my best to remain positive and hopeful, and felt blessed and thankful for what I still had. We were lucky that Ayva was a red TET and therefore never experienced any TET spells. Her doctor prescribed Propanolol just to be safe, and we also gave her Zantac for her reflux that was apparent at birth.
At 4 months of age, she had open heart surgery at Texas Children’s Hospital. It was at this time that her chromosomes were checked and we were told that she had DiGeorge Syndrome. It was just a random occurrence, as neither my husband nor I have the condition. It was a huge learning curve that we experienced…not only as first-time parents, but as parents who now needed to educate ourselves about our daughter’s genetic condition, so that we could be aware of any setbacks that we may experience along the way and be as prepared as possible.
Ayva experienced some complications post-surgery, so we were at the hospital for two weeks, and I was there with her every single night. She had her first Christmas there, but at least we got to go home in time for the New Year. At home, I had noticed that her breathing seemed a bit rapid at times. At her post-op check-up, her oxygen saturation level was low and we were readmitted to the hospital for another 2.5 weeks while doctors unsuccessfully tried to pinpoint the reason. During this time, we learned that she was aspirating thin liquids, so she was put on thickened feeds, which she remains on today. With no answers regarding her low oxygen level, we left the hospital and spent a couple of weeks at home with oxygen, with the intention of coming back for a catheterization procedure to have a stent placed in her pulmonary artery. This was a breeze compared to open heart surgery, and we were in the hospital for only a night. Her oxygen levels normalized after her catheterization procedure. She still takes baby aspirin which was prescribed at that time for its anti-clotting properties.
About a year later, she had another catheterization procedure to enlarge her stent. She is now 23 months old and has started speech therapy as she has very few words. She also has an upcoming occupational therapy/feeding evaluation to help address her aspiration issues.
Despite everything that our daughter has endured in her short life, and everything that may come in the future, she never ceases to amaze us with her strength, beauty, and happy, active spirit. Before she was born, I never really felt like I had found my calling, but once she came into this world, I knew that my calling was to be her Mom. Nothing else has ever felt so right and I know I am just where I am supposed to be. She has taught me that life, in and of itself, is a blessing!
Why Should You Consider an Internship After College?
Why Should You Consider an Internship After College? By Lindsey Flax Deep down being diagnosed with a medical/and learning difference was challenging to interpret. Personally, I did not fully grasp the idea of what 22q was. Eventually, I went to a...
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Home / About / Awards / Gold Key Award / Gold Key Award 2019
CONGRATULATIONS TO 2019 AWARD RECIPIENT
“ACRM has been my intellectual home. It spawned the two areas of work that I am most proud of in my career: the body of work on disorders of consciousness and more recently with many others of you on the Rehabilitation Treatment Specifications System. Most importantly, ACRM has given me a set of colleagues that I dearly love and respect. I admire and I trust and I enjoy collaborating with you. It’s a great honor to receive this award and one of the most challenging aspects of thinking about my gradual retirement is wondering how long I will continue to be a part of this organization and in a network with all of you.” —John Whyte, MD, PhD, FACRM. Remarks from the ACRM Henry B. Betts Awards Gala 7 November 2019
The ACRM Awards Committee and Board of Governors are proud to honor John Whyte, MD, PhD, FACRM with the ACRM Gold Key Award for his lifetime achievements. It is the highest honor awarded by ACRM.
Dr. Whyte is a physiatrist and psychologist, and founding director of the Moss Rehabilitation Research Institute. His research has focused on assessment and treatment of patients with traumatic brain injury, including those with disorders of consciousness, and he has written extensively about the special methodologic challenges inherent in rehabilitation research.
The award was presented to Dr. Whyte by ACRM President, Dr. Deborah Backus (above-left) and ACRM Awards Committee Chair, Ms. Ann Guernon (above-right), during the Henry B. Betts Awards Dinner and Gala at the Hilton Chicago. The Gala was held on 7 November 2019 at the ACRM Annual Conference.
Gold Key Award Eligibility
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Review: Olympus OM-D E-M10 Mark II
Posted on December 18, 2015 December 18, 2015 by Jordan Steele
1Construction and Handling
2Operation and Controls
3Viewfinder and Rear Screen
4Autofocus and Performance
5Flash
6In-Body Image Stabilization
7Wi-Fi
8Focus Bracketing
9Live Bulb, Live Time and Live Composite
10Dynamic Range and Color
11Detail and Noise
12JPEG Quality
13Video
14Conclusion
15Image Samples
Viewfinder and Rear Screen
The E-M10 Mark II features an improved electronic viewfinder (EVF) over the original E-M10 and the E-M5. It’s grown in size, with a 0.62x magnification (up from 0.58x), and features a higher resolution 2.36 million dot panel. The result is a good-sized view that is extremely clear and crisp. The EVF is roughly the same size as the one in the Fuji X-T10, and it performs just as well as that excellent finder. Contrast is rich and details are clear. In decent light, it has excellent refresh rates, and it maintains low noise even in dim light. However, there is some notable lag in lower light, which is especially noticeable when panning the camera. Still, it’s a clear improvement over the earlier E-M10 and the original E-M5, even if it doesn’t quite measure up to the large EVFs in the E-M1 and E-M5 Mark II.
The rear screen of the E-M10 Mark II tilts, but isn’t fully articulated
The rear screen is a 3″ 1 million dot OLED display that is crisp, clear and has excellent color and good viewing angles. The screen can tilt up for low to the ground shooting or down at a 45 degree angle to enable easier shooting overhead, but lacks the fully articulated capabilities of the E-M5 Mark II’s screen. The screen, like all OM-D models, is a capacitive touch screen that utilizes touch for focus point positioning, swiping through images on review, selection of settings in the super control panel and more. It’s very responsive and it’s a great help to have on a camera.
The biggest new feature on the E-M10 Mark II with regards to the touch screen is the addition of Touchpad AF positioning. Olympus actually calls this feature “AF targeting pad”, but I feel silly even saying that. Panasonic has had this feature on a few cameras, but the E-M10 II is the first Olympus body to gain the capability. The feature works by allowing you to utilize the touch screen while using the EVF by treating it as a trackpad. Place your thumb anywhere on the screen while using the EVF and simply slide it in any direction to move the AF point like you would move a mouse cursor on a trackpad. It is a very convenient way to keep the viewfinder to your eye and still quickly change AF point position. After a while it becomes second nature to operate, though it can be a bit touchy while you’re getting used to it. After using this feature on the E-M10 Mark II I fear I’m going to miss it on all my other cameras.
Autofocus and Performance
Like the E-M5 Mark II, the E-M10 Mark II features a contrast-detect only focus system. This will limit the accuracy of continuous focus capabilities, but Olympus has been perfecting their contrast-detect system for years, and it’s among the fastest autofocus systems around when it comes to single-shot shooting. In almost any light, focus is very quick, locking on nearly instantly when shooting with a fast focusing lens. In very dark conditions, the system can get confused in some cases, but overall, I found it to focus well in almost every situation. Accuracy is excellent as well, with precise placement of focus right where you ask for it.
The precise and fast autofocus allowed me to pinpoint focus where I wanted, even when shooting macro handheld – Olympus OM-D E-M10 Mark II with Olympus 60mm f/2.8 Macro @ f/2.8
In continuous focus mode, the system does a fairly respectable job overall, considering it’s a contrast-detection only system. The camera can keep up with slower moving subjects or more lateral movements quite well, though it pales in predictive capabilities to mirrorless cameras that have on-sensor phase detection AF. The E-M10 II does well enough for casual shooting, though you’ll get a few out of focus frames in each burst. I certainly would want something like the E-M1 if I were using a Micro 4/3 camera for sports work.
Olympus has had a very good face-detect system for a while now, and the face and eye detection on the E-M10 Mark II is excellent. Focus is quick and accurate and I found the camera was able to lock right onto the eyes in the vast majority of situations. It also does a much better job than my Sony and Fuji cameras at locating faces that are in profile or looking down. Those situations cause other cameras to struggle in many cases, while the Olympus still locates and locks on with ease. The feature has definitely progressed beyond the gimmick stage and is a genuinely useful feature in many situations.
Face Detection helped quickly lock focus where it was needed in this shot. – Olympus OM-D E-M10 Mark II with Olympus 60mm f/2.8 Macro @ f/2.8
The E-M10 Mark II has an improved frame rate compared to the original E-M10, and can shoot continuously at 8.5 frames per second. Buffer size is quite good for a mid-range camera, as over 40 JPEGs and nearly 20 RAW files can be captured in a single burst. If you switch the camera to the electronic shutter, the E-M10 II can shoot at up to 11 frames per second, but this is of much more limited use as the electronic shutter, even at high shutter speeds, suffers from a slow readout that will cause warping of the subject if it’s in motion.
Speaking of that electronic shutter, it’s a new feature on the E-M10 series, and allows the camera to shoot at shutter speeds of up to 1/16,000 second. While this won’t come in handy for action shooting, it’s very useful in eliminating vibration from the shutter, allowing for completely silent operation of the camera and shooting in very bright conditions with fast lenses without an ND filter.
The E-M10 Mark II has a built-in pop-up flash
The E-M10 Mark II, like its predecessor, features a built-in pop-up flash instead of the clip-on flashes that the E-M5 and E-M1 series employ. The flash is accessed by rotating the power switch upwards. The built-in flash is small and has all the benefits and pitfalls of any other pop-up flash. For most shooting, the direct light is unflattering and limited in use, but the flash can be used well for fill-in flash outdoors in the shade and it works quite well for macro work as well. The E-M10 II’s low overall power will also limit its usefulness for any subject beyond a few feet. Despite the limitations, it’s a nice feature to have in a camera.
Continue: Key Features
6 thoughts on “Review: Olympus OM-D E-M10 Mark II”
Pingback: Mirrorless Year in Review 2015 - Admiring Light
A very useful review. I have a 4/3 system camera – e420 – am I’m looking to move to micro 4/3. I want to keep the camera as small and light as possible, but still use my Olympus accessories. Your explanation of focus bracketing and touch AF helped a lot. Thanks for taking the time.
dunsun says:
Your photos are always very stunning and it really does not matter what camera you shoot with
Anyway please would mind elaborating about your postprocessing workflow at elast a little bit ?
What software do you use ? And I guess that you process colors (or say individual color channel curves) quite hugely for each shot right ?
You have over time become my favorite reviewer of cameras and lenses.
Regards from Sweden
/Kjell
Josh Platt says:
Thanks for a great review! I’m seriously considering selling my Canon T3 and going with an Olympus OMD EM10.2. Your review is very thorough and helpful. Your images are terrific! Do you offer coaching or teaching services? I’m based in CBUS.
J. Mikle says:
A very timely assessment, considering that Olympus is shaving off $100 [or $200 on the E-M5 Mark II in time for the vacation season.
On pg. 2 under Autofocus Performance, one reads: “Like the E-M5 Mark II, the E-M10 Mark II features a contrast-detect only focus system”.
Within the specs of the E-M5 Mark II [Olympus’s web page] if you expand [+] “Focusing System” , it reads
“High speed imager AF (Contrast detection/On-chip Phase-difference detection”). If the info is correct, the loftier price may become more acceptable.
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AboutThe Anglican Diocese of South Carolina has over 22,000 baptized members spread across the eastern and coastal portion of the state.
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ResourcesIf you are unable to find the resource you are looking for contact The Anglican Diocesan Office at (843) 722-4075.
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The Anglican Diocese South CarolinaAboutCommitteesAnglican Missional Partnerships
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View a map showing where churches in the Anglican Diocese of South Carolina currently have relationships/connections.
View a list of the members of the Anglican Missional Partnerships
The committee for Anglican Missional Partnerships is a new name with a newly refined focus that continues to oversee mission involvement in the Anglican Diocese of South Carolina. Early in 2009, Bishop Lawrence called for the creation of the Anglican Communion Development Committee to replace what was then known as the World Mission Committee (WMC). The intention was to create a committee that would serve to reflect the changing environment of the Anglican Communion in this global age and to reflect the vision that Bishop Lawrence believed we as the Anglican Diocese of South Carolina were called to fulfill:
“To help shape the future of Anglicanism in the 21st Century through mutually enriching missional relationships with dioceses and provinces of the Anglican Communion (Romans 1:11-12; 2 Corinthians 9:1-15), and through modeling a responsible autonomy and inter-provincial accountability (Philippians 2:1-5; Ephesians 4:1-6) for the sake of Jesus Christ, his Kingdom and his Church.”
The Rev. Dr. Kendall Harmon was appointed as the Anglican Communion Development Director, and the Rev. Robert Lawrence was appointed the Committee Chair to form a committee with both clergy and lay representatives from each of the deaneries. The clergy representatives were appointed by Bishop Lawrence, and the lay representatives were selected from those nominated from within their deaneries by the clergy representatives and the Deans.
One of the early tasks of the committee was to compile information from every parish in the diocese to provide a complete view of what was going on throughout the diocese as a whole. The committee specifically wanted to identify those parishes that (1) supported a missionary; (2) sponsored a missionary sent from their parish; (3) sponsored parish participation in short-term missions; (4) and had existing missional relationships in other areas of the Anglican Communion. This data collection remains ongoing to keep current.
From 2009 through to mid 2017, the committee with the consent of Diocesan Council, was blessed to provide block grants in support of development within the Anglican Communion among those provinces and dioceses that shared a common vision for a mutually enriching missional partnership. In all cases, those provinces were those aligned with either the Global South or the GAFCON movement. Additionally, the committee was able to provide support to diocesan clergy involved in full time foreign mission, as well as some support to mission minded organizations such as New Wineskins Missionary Network and the Fellowship of Confessing Anglicans. During this nine year period, The Anglican Diocese of South Carolina, through the Anglican Communion Development Committee was responsible for over $1.6M of investment in the building of God’s Kingdom within the Anglican Communion throughout the world.
With the entry of the Anglican Diocese of South Carolina into the Anglican Church in North America (ACNA) in 2017, the diocesan funds that have supported direct international development and mission will now be our contribution for support of the mission of ACNA. With this change also comes the change in name and focus. While we have been blessed to invest in development efforts with financial grants, it has always been parish-based missions and relationships that yield the fruit of building up God’s Kingdom. To that end, the committee for Anglican Missional Partnerships will continue to foster the relationships and missional partnerships that remain mutually enriching throughout the Anglican Communion with the goal of having every parish in the Anglican Diocese of South Carolina involved in a strategic and missional relationship.
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Home/News/Press Conference on the questions of parallel imports
Press Conference on the questions of parallel imports
On May 20, 2013 AEB held a Press Conference on the questions of Parallel Imports, at the AEB Conference Center. The speakers found it very important to express their position concerning the new initiative of the Russian Government to liberalize parallel imports. It was pointed out that a liberalization of parallel imports would lead to negative consequences for the development of the Russian economy and for the further localization of manufacturing in Russia. The opening speech was made by Frank Schauff, AEB CEO. The position of the European companies - AEB members was voiced by Yury Litvishchenko, General Manager, Chiesi Pharmaceuticals, Deputy Chairman of the AEB Health and Pharmaceuticals Committee; Alexander Tynkovan, President, M.Video; Denis Khabarov, Partner, Baker & Mckenzie, Chairman of the AEB Working Group on Parallel Imports and Elena Timokhina, Nokian Tyres who spoke on behalf of the AEB Working Group of Tire Producers.
For more information, please find the Press Release and Memorandum below:
Press Release_Eng
Press Release_Rus
Memorandum_Eng
Memorandum_Rus
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六级考试历年真题
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位置：首页 > 英语六级 > 六级真题 > 六级考试历年真题 > 正文
2019年6月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案(完整版 第1套)
日期:2019-12-13 15:58
(单词翻译:单击)
六级写作
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of team spirit and communication in the workplace. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
六级听力
Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
听力音频MP3文件，点击进入听力真题页面
Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
1. A) A six-month-long negotiation.
B) Preparations for the party.
C) A project with a troublesome client.
D) Gift wrapping for the colleagues.
2. A) Take wedding photos.
B) Advertise her company.
C) Start a small business.
D) Throw a celebration party.
3. A) Hesitant.
B) Nervous.
C) Flattered.
D) Surprised.
4. A) Start her own bakery.
B) Improve her baking skill.
C) Share her cooking experience.
D) Prepare for the wedding.
5. A) They have to spend more time studying.
B) They have to participate in club activities.
C) They have to be more responsible for what they do.
D) They have to choose a specific academic discipline.
6. A) Get ready for a career.
B) Make a lot of friends.
C) Set a long-term goal.
D) Behave like adults
7. A) Those who share her academic interests.
B) Those who respect her student commitments.
C) Those who can help her when she is in need.
D) Those who go to the same clubs as she does.
8. A) Those helpful for tapping their potential.
B) Those conducive to improving their social skills.
C) Those helpful for cultivating individual interests.
D) Those conducive to their academic studies.
Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.
9. A) They break away from traditional ways of thinking.
B) They are prepared to work harder than anyone else.
C) They are good at refining old formulas.
D) They bring their potential into full play.
10. A) They contributed to the popularity of skiing worldwide.
B) They resulted in a brand-new style of skiing technique.
C) They promoted the scientific use of skiing poles.
D) They made explosive news in the sports world.
11. A) He was recognized as a genius in the world of sports.
B) He competed in all major skiing events in the world.
C) He won three gold medals in one Winter Olympics.
D) He broke three world skiing records in three years.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.
12. A) They appear restless.
B) They lose consciousness.
C) They become upset.
D) They die almost instantly.
13. A) It has an instant effect on your body chemistry.
B) It keeps returning to you every now and then.
C) It leaves you with a long lasting impression.
D) It contributes to the shaping of your mind.
14. A) To succeed while feeling irritated.
B) To feel happy without good health.
C) To be free from frustration and failure.
D) To enjoy good health while in dark moods
15. A) They are closely connected.
B) They function in a similar way.
C) They are too complex to understand.
D) They reinforce each other constantly.
Directions: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.
16. A) They differ in their appreciation of music.
B) They focus their attention on different things.
C) They finger the piano keys in different ways.
D) They choose different pieces of music to play.
17. A) They manage to cooperate well with their teammates.
B) They use effective tactics to defeat their competitors.
C) They try hard to meet the spectators’ expectations.
D) They attach great importance to high performance.
18. A) It marks a breakthrough in behavioral science.
B) It adopts a conventional approach to research.
C) It supports a piece of conventional wisdom.
D) It gives rise to controversy among experts.
19. A) People’s envy of slim models.
B) People’s craze for good health.
C) The increasing range of fancy products.
D) The great variety of slimming products.
20. A) They appear vigorous.
B) They appear strange.
C) They look charming.
D) They look unhealthy.
21. A) Culture and upbringing.
B) Wealth and social status.
C) Peer pressure.
D) Media influence.
22. A) The relation between hair and skin.
B) The growing interest in skin studies.
C) The color of human skin.
D) The need of skin protection.
23. A) The necessity to save energy.
B) Adaptation to the hot environment.
C) The need to breathe with ease.
D) Dramatic climate changes on earth.
24. A) Leaves and grass.
B) Man-made shelter.
C) Their skin coloring.
D) Hair on their skin.
25. A) Their genetic makeup began to change.
B) Their communities began to grow steadily.
C) Their children began to mix with each other.
D) Their pace of evolution began to quicken.
六级阅读
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Pasta is no longer off the menu, after a new review of studies suggested that the carbohydrate can form part of a healthy diet, and even help people lose weight. For years, nutritionists have recommended that pasta be kept to a__ 26__, to cut calories, prevent fat build-up and stop blood sugar__ 27__ up.
The low-carbohydrate food movement gave birth to such diets as the Atkins, Paleo and Keto, which advised swapping foods like bread, pasta and potatoes for vegetable, fish and meat. More recently the trend of swapping spaghetti for vegetables has been__ 28__ by clean-eating experts.
But now a__ 29__ review and analysis of 30 studies by Canadian researchers found that not only does pasta not cause weight gain, but three meals a week can help people drop more than half a kilogram over four months. The reviewers found that pasta had been unfairly demonized (妖魔化) because it had been__ 30__ in with other, more fat-promoting carbohydrates.
"The study found that pasta didn't__ 31__ to weight gain or increase in body fat," said lead author Dr John Sievenpiper. "In__ 32__ the evidence, we can now say with some confidence that pasta does not have an__ 33__ effect on body weight outcomes when it is consumed as part of a healthy dietary pattern." In fact, analysis actually showed a small weight loss. So__ 34__ to concerns, perhaps pasta can be part of a healthy diet.
Those involved in the__ 35__ trials on average ate 3.3 servings of pasta a week instead of other carbohydrates, one serving equaling around half a cup. They lost around half a kilogram over an average follow-up of 12 weeks.
A) adverse B) championed C) clinical D) contract E) contribute F) intimate G) lumped H) magnified I) minimum J) radiating K) ration L) shooting M) subscribe N) systematic O) weighing
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
The best Retailers Combine Bricks and Clicks
A) Retail profits are falling sharply. Stores are closing. Malls are emptying. The depressing stories just keep coming. Reading the earnings announcements of large retail stores like Macy's, Nordstorm, and Target is about as uplifting as a tour of an intensive care unit. The internet is apparently taking down yet another industry. Brick and mortar stores (实体店) seem to be going the way of the yellow pages. Sure enough, the Census Bureau just released data showing that online retail sales surged 15.2 percent between the first quarter of 2015 and the first quarter of 2016.
B) But before you dump all of your retail stocks, there are more facts you should consider. Looking only at that 15.2 percent "surge" would be misleading. It was an increase that was on a small base of 6.9 percent. Even when a tiny number grows by a large percentage terms, it is often still tiny.
C) More than 20 years after the internet was opened to commerce, the Census Bureau tells us that brick and mortar sales accounted for 92.3 percent of retail sales in the first quarter of 2016. Their data show that only 0.8 percent of retail sales shifted from offline to online between the beginning of 2015 and 2016.
D) So, despite all the talk about drone (无人机) deliveries to your doorstep, all the retail executives expressing anxiety over consumers going online, and even a Presidential candidate exclaiming that Amazon has a "huge antitrust problem," the Census data suggest that physical retail is thriving. Of course, the closed stores, depressed executives, and sinking stocks suggest otherwise. What's the real story?
E) Many firms operating brick and mortar stores are in trouble. The retail industry is getting "reinvented," as we describe in our new book Matchmarkers. It's standing in the path of what Schumpeter called a gale (大风) of creative destruction. That storm has been brewing for some time, and as it has reached gale force, most large retailers are searching for a response. As the CFO of Macy's put it recently, "We're frankly scratching our heads."
F) But it's not happening as experts predicted. In the peak of the dot. com bubble, brick and mortar retail was one of these industries the internet was going to kill—and quickly. The dot. com bust discredited most predictions of that sort and in the years that followed, conventional retailers' confidence in the future increased as Census continued do report weak online sales. And then the gale hit.
G) It is becoming increasingly clear that retail reinvention isn't a simple battle to the death between bricks and clicks. It is about devising retail models that work for people who are making increasing use of a growing array of internet-connected tools to change how they search, shop, and buy. Creative retailers are using the new technologies to innovate just about everything stores do from managing inventory, to marketing, to getting paid.
H) More than drones dropping a new supply of underwear on your doorstep, Apple's massively successful brick-and-mortar-and-glass retail stores and Amazon's small steps in the same direction are what should keep old-fashioned retailers awake at night. Not to mention the large number of creative new retailers, like Bonobos, that are blending online and offline experiences in creative ways.
I) Retail reinvention is not a simple process, and it's also not happening on what used to be called "Internet Time." Some internet-driven changes have happened quickly, of course. Craigslist quickly overtook newspaper classified ads and turned newspaper economics upside down. But many widely anticipated changes weren't quick, and some haven't really started. With the benefit of hindsight (后见之明), it looks like the internet will transform the economy at something like the pace of other great inventions like electricity. B2B commerce, for example, didn't move mainly online by 2005 as many had predicted in 2000, nor even by 2016, but that doesn't mean it won't do so over the next few decades.
J) But the gale is still blowing. The sudden decline in foot traffic in recent years, even though it hasn't been accompanied by a massive decline in physical sales, is a critical warning. People can shop more efficiently online and therefore don't need to go to as many stores to find what they want. There's a surplus of physical shopping space for the crowds, which is one reason why stores are downsizing and closing.
K) The rise of the mobile phone has recently added a new level of complexity to the process of retail reinvention. Even five years ago most people faced a choice. Sit at your computer, probably at home or at the office, search and browse, and buy. Or head out to the mall, or Main Street, look and shop, and buy. Now, just about everyone has a smartphone, connected to the internet almost everywhere almost all the time. Even when a retailer gets a customer to walk in the store, she can easily see if there's a better deal online or at another store nearby.
L) So far, the main thing many large retailers have done in response to all this is to open online stores, so people will come to them directly rather than to Amazon and its smaller online rivals. Many are having the same problem that newspapers have had. Even if they get online traffic, they struggle to make enough money online to compensate for what they are losing offline.
M) A few seem to be making this work. Among large traditional retailers, Walmart recently reported the best results, leading its stock price to surge, while Macy's, Target, and Nordstorm's dropped. Yet Walmart's year-over-year online sales only grew 7 percent, leading its CEO to lament (哀叹), "Growth here is to slow." Part of the problem is that almost two decades after Amazon field the one-click patent, the online retail shopping and buying experience is filled with frictions. A recent study graded more than 600 internet retailers on how easy it was for consumers to shop, buy, and pay. Almost half of the sites didn't get a passing grade and only 18 percent got an A or B.
N) The turmoil on the ground in physical retail is hard to square with the Census data. Unfortunately, part of the explanation is that the Census retail data are unreliable. Our deep look into those data and their preparation revealed serious problems. It seems likely that Census simply misclassifies a large chunk of online sales. It is certain that the Census procedures, which lump the online sales of major traditional retailers like Walmart with "non-store retailers" like food trucks, can mask major changes in individual retail categories. The bureau could easily present their data in more useful ways, but they have chosen not to.
O) Despite the turmoil, brick and mortar won't disappear any time soon. The big questions are which, if any, of the large traditional retailers will still be on the scene in a decade or two because they have successfully reinvented themselves, which new players will operate busy stores on Main Streets and maybe even in shopping malls, and how the shopping and buying experience will have changed in each retail category. Investors shouldn't write off brick and mortar. Whether they should bet on the traditional players who run those stores now is another matter.
36. Although online retailing has existed for some twenty years, nearly half of the internet retailers still fail to receive satisfactory feedback from consumers, according to a recent survey.
37. Innovative retailers integrate internet technologies with conventional retailing to create new retail models.
38. Despite what the Census data suggest, the value of physical retail's stocks has been dropping.
39. Internet-driven changes in the retail industry didn't take place as quickly as widely anticipated.
40. Statistics indicate that brick and mortar sales still made up the lion's share of the retail business.
41. Companies that successfully combine online and offline business models may prove to be a big concern for traditional retailers.
42. Brick and mortar retailers' faith in their business was strengthened when the dot. com bubble burst.
43. Despite the tremendous challenges from online retailing, traditional retailing will be here to stay for quite some time.
44. With the rise of online commerce, physical retail stores are like to suffer the same fate as the yellow pages.
45. The wide use of smartphone has made it more complex for traditional retailers to reinvent their business.
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
Professor Stephen Hawking has warned that the creation of powerful artificial intelligence (AI) will be "either the best, or the worst thing, ever to happen to humanity", and praised the creation of an academic institute dedicated to researching the future of intelligence as "crucial to the future of our civilisation and our species".
Hawking was speaking at the opening of the Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Inteelgence (LCFI) at Cambridge University, a multi-disciplinary institute that will attempt to tackle some of the open-ended questions raised by the rapid pace of development in AI research. "We spend a great deal of time studying history," Hawking said, "which, let's face it, is mostly the history of stupidity. So it's a welcome change that people are studying instead the future of intelligence."
While the world-renowned physicist has often been cautious about AI, rising concerns that humanity could be the architect of its own destruction if it creates a super-intelligence with a will of its own, he was also quick to highlight the positives that AI research can bring. "The potential benefits of creating intelligence are huge," he said. "We cannot predict what we might achieve when our own minds are amplified by AI. Perhaps with the tools of this new technological revolution, we will be able to undo some of the damage done to the natural world by the last one—industrialisation. And surely we will aim to finally eradicate disease and poverty. And every aspect of our lives will be transformed. In short, success in creating AI could be the biggest event in the history of our civilisation."
Huw Price, the centre's academic director and the Bertrand Russell professor of philosophy at Cambridge University, where Hawking is also an academic, said that the centre came about partially as a result of the university's Centre for Existential Risk. That institute examined a wider range of potential problems for humanity, while the LCFI has a narrow focus.
AI pioneer Margaret Boden, professor of cognitive science at the University of Sussex, praised the progress of such discussions. As recently as 2009, she said, the topic wasn't taken seriously, even among AI researchers. "AI is hugely exciting," she said, "but it has limitations, which present grave dangers given uncritical use."
The academic community is not alone in warning about the potential dangers of AI as well as the potential benefits. A number of pioneers from the technology industry, most famously the entrepreneur Elon Musk, have also expressed their concerns about the damage that a super-intelligent AI could do to humanity.
46. What did Stephen Hawking think of artificial intelligence?
A) It would be vital to the progress of human civilisation.
B) It might be a blessing or a disaster in the making.
C) It might present challenges as well as opportunities.
D) It would be a significant expansion of human intelligence.
47. What did Hawking say about the creation of the LCFI?
A) It would accelerate the progress of AI research.
B) It would mark a step forward in the AI industry.
C) It was extremely important to the destiny of humankind.
D) It was an achievement of multi-disciplinary collaboration.
48. What did Hawking say was a welcome change in AI research?
A) The shift of research focus from the past to the future.
B) The shift of research from theory to implementation.
C) The greater emphasis on the negative impact of AI.
D) The increasing awareness of mankind's past stupidity.
49. What concerns did Hawking raise about AI?
A) It may exceed human intelligence sooner or later.
B) It may ultimately over-amplify the human mind.
C) Super-intelligence may cause its own destruction.
D) Super-intelligence may eventually ruin mankind.
50. What do we learn about some entrepreneurs from the technology industry?
A) They are much influenced by the academic community.
B) They are most likely to benefit from AI development.
C) They share the same concerns about AI as academics.
D) They believe they can keep AI under human control.
Passage Two
The market for products designed specifically for older adults could reach $30 billion by next year, and startups (初创公司) want in on the action. What they sometimes lack is feedback from the people who they hope will use their products. So Brookdale, the country's largest owner of retirement communities, has been inviting a few select entrepreneurs just to move in for a few days, show off their products and hear what the residents have to say.
That's what brought Dayle Rodriguez, 28, all the way from England to the dining room of Brookdale South Bay in Torrance, California. Rodriguez is the community and marketing manager for a company called Sentab. The startup's product, SentabTV, enables older adults who may not be comfortable with computers to access email, video chat and social media using just their televisions and a remote control.
"It's nothing new, it's nothing too complicated and it's natural because lots of people have TV remotes," says Rodriguez.
But none of that is the topic of conversation in the Brookdale dining room. Instead, Rodriguez solicits residents' advice on what he should get on his cheeseburger and how he should spend the afternoon. Playing cards was on the agenda, as well as learning to play mahjong (麻将).
Rodriguez says it's important that residents here don't feel like he's selling them something. "I've had more feedback in a passive approach," he says. "Playing pool, playing cards, having dinner, having lunch," all work better "than going through a survey of question. When they get to know me and to trust me, knowing for sure I'm not selling them something—there'll be more honest feedback from them."
Rodriguez is just the seventh entrepreneur to move into one of Brookdale's 1, 100 senior living communities. Other new products in the program have included a kind of full-blow dryer and specially designed clothing that allows people with disabilities to dress and undress themselves.
Mary Lou Busch, 93, agree to try the Sentab system. She tells Rodriguez that it might be good for someone, but not for her.
"I have the computer and FaceTime, which I talk with my family on," she explains. She also has an iPad and a smartphone. "So I do pretty much everything I need to do."
To be fair, if Rodriguez had wanted feedback from some more technophobic (害怕技术的) seniors, he might have ended up in the wrong Brookdale community. This one is located in the heart of Southern California's aerospace corridor. Many residents have backgrounds in engineering, business and academic circles.
But Rodriguez says he's still learning something important by moving into this Brookdale community: "People are more tech-proficient than we thought."
And besides, where else would he learn to play mahjong?
51. What does the passage say about the startups?
A) They never lose time in upgrading products for seniors.
B) They want to have a share of the seniors' goods market.
C) They invite seniors to their companies to try their products.
D) They try to profit from promoting digital products to seniors.
52. Some entrepreneurs have been invited to Brookdale to ______.
A) have an interview with potential customers
B) conduct a survey of retirement communities
C) collect residents' feedback on their products
D) show senior residents how to use IT products
53. What do we know about SentabTV?
A) It is a TV program catering to the interest of the elderly.
B) It is a digital TV which enjoys popularity among seniors.
C) It is a TV specially designed for seniors to view programs.
D) It is a communication system via TV instead of a computer.
54. What does Rodriguez say is important in promoting products?
A) Winning trust from prospective customers.
B) Knowing the likes and dislikes of customers.
C) Demonstrating their superiority on the spot.
D) Responding promptly to customer feedback.
55. What do we learn about the seniors in the Brookdale community?
A) Most of them are interested in using the Sentab.
B) They are quite at ease with high-tech products.
C) They have much in common with seniors elsewhere.
D) Most of them enjoy a longer life than average people.
六级翻译
Part IV Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
中国幅员辽阔，人口众多，很多地方人们都说自己的方言。方言在发音上差别最大，词汇和语法差别较小。有些方言，特别是北方和南方的方言，差异很大，以至于说不同方言的人常常很难听懂彼此的讲话。方言被认为是当地文化的一个组成部分，但近年来能说方言的人数不断减少。为了鼓励人们更多说本地方言，一些地方政府已经采取措施，如在学校开设方言课，在广播和电视上播放方言节目，以期保存本地的文化遗产。
六级答案
2019年6月六级部分真题参考答案(完整版)
Part Ⅰ Writing
The Importance of Team Spirit and Communication in the Workplace
As the saying goes, when teamwork kicks in, nobody can beat you. It highlights the critical role that team spirit plays in completing a task. In my view, team spirit and communication are especially important in the workplace.
First of all, with the increasingly fierce competition between enterprises, in order to achieve the desired results, cooperation and communication among colleagues are particularly important because they can maximize work efficiency. Secondly, promoting team spirit and communication at work can ensure that everyone understand where the company is going and get them all actively involved in the development of the company. Thirdly, cooperation and communication at work can enhance the interaction between coworkers and form good interpersonal relationships, which is essential to build a friendly, cooperative, and harmonious working atmosphere in the enterprise culture.
To conclude, we cannot deny that it is almost always the joint efforts of a whole team that decide the success or failure of a project. Therefore, for everyone in the workplace, we should learn to cooperate and communicate effectively with team members, so as to achieve a win-win situation.
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
11. C
12. D
Part III Reading Comprehension
26-35: ILBNG EOADC
36-45: MGDIC HFOAK
46-55: BCADC BCDAB
Part IV Translation
As a country boasting a vast territory and encompassing a large population, people in many places of China speak their own dialects. Dialects vary greatly in pronunciation but slightly in vocabulary and grammar. Some dialects, especially those from the north and the south, are so different that their speakers often have trouble understanding each other. Although dialects are considered as an integral part of the local culture, the number of people who can speak them has been undergoing a continuous decline in recent years. In order to encourage people to speak local dialects more often, some local governments have taken measures such as setting up dialect courses and broadcasting dialect programs on radio and TV, with a hope to preserve the local cultural heritage.
2014年12月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案(完整版 3套汇总)
2008年6月大学英语六级考试真题及答案
2014年12月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案(完整版 第2套)
2009年12月英语六级完形填空答案(恩波)
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VFX Production For AAA Video Games
Wirginia Romanowska
Interview3ds maxEpic Gamesgame developmentgamedevHoudiniMayaPhotoshopUE4Unreal Engine 4
DOOM VFX artist Wirginia Romanowska talked about the way visual effects are produced and used in video games.
I’m originally from Katowice, a city in Poland. I didn’t have much growing up, but art and creativity have always been a part of my life. I would take the scraps of clothing from my mom and sew small dresses for dolls or spent hours painting horses in oil pastels. Photography has been my passion as well – starting when I was only few years old with a vintage Zenit 35mm film camera.
Easily, the biggest decision was at 17 when I spent my life savings on my first computer. My mom was so mad! My parents were upset that I was always “messing with the computer.” They wanted me to have a good education in a solid profession. Looking back, it makes sense for them to want that, but I knew the computer would be my gateway to the world. I learned Photoshop and 3ds max at night while majoring in metallurgy at University during the day.
Eventually, I got paying gigs. Basic stuff from creating websites and user interfaces to art for indie games. I finished my master thesis on visualizing distribution of heat depending on burn conditions. My study of material science helped nudge me towards vfx.
VFX in Games
I’m fascinated by natural phenomena. If I wasn’t working in video games, I’d be off chasing tornadoes or demolishing old buildings. VFX is that piece of magic that takes a scene from static to dynamic whether it’s a massive tidal wave swooping down on a city or a death star explosion in space.
Working on a 60hz game like DOOM had its challenges. We were tweaking performance up to shipping. It was fun learning how to work with lit particles authored using a physically based pipeline. The future is bright for vfx in games: from lit, interacting participating media to real-time destruction of buildings to more accurate rendering of fluids and gasses. It’s a good time to be a vfx artist!
While VFX play similar roles in both movies and games: from heightening the drama in a scene to communicating information to the viewer or player, there are a few key differences. The first is that a single CG frame can take hours to render on a render farm whereas a single frame of a game is computed in 16 milliseconds. We typically render specific detail of the motion in simulation to a texture and use that as a material on a camera facing quad that we can animate using proprietary tools. We can also bake a motion vectors field and use them to replay particles in-game, as we cannot afford to simulate in real time (yet). Another difference is that vfx in games typically have to look good from all angles. It is one thing to design good looking explosion seen from one specific shot and quite another to have the same explosion viewed from a kilometer away down to a meter, from any camera angle and in any lighting condition. Another difficulty is the evolving nature of the game engine. The capabilities change over the development cycle. If you are too aggressive with the look, frame rate can tank. But if you are too conservative then the game doesn’t look as good as the competition. It can be quite the challenge to plan a game in advance when you don’t have final hardware.
With thousands of vfx for weapons, player, AI’s, attacks, levels and events it’s easy to get lost in the details – part of my job is to keep an eye on the big picture. I take special care to prioritize overall loudness of the vfx. Some effects like muzzle flashes, or bullet impacts are more important to communicate – so they need to be brighter and bigger, whereas other vfx like embers or mist are complementing the scene, so they take secondary stage as soon as combat kicks off. In DOOM we also considered use of realistic vs stylized effects. We reserved fx that don’t behave “real” to represent the strangest and most dangerous form of hell energy.
With every new effect I begin from either concept art or reference. With all gameplay vfx like AI attacks, weapons or gore I start simple and iterate in passes, adding more and more detail and polishing at the end. It was hard to work this way earlier in my career – I wanted to finish an effect completely and move onto the next one. However, working in passes is, ultimately, a more efficient way of working when you are re-tweaking things over-and-over as the project gets closer to shipping. The majority of effects you see in DOOM are particles, but we use other techniques too: animated geometry, meshes with scrolling textures, ribbons, lens flares and post effects.
DOOM Environments: With a wide variety of effects and multiple fx artists working on the DOOM team, being harmonious wasn’t a given. We worked hard to maintain a consistent look throughout the game.
The majority of work in vfx comes late in the game production, only after level design, environment modeling, lighting, characters, weapons and narrative are close to finish. So the effects schedule is highly dependent on the work of other departments. This is one of the reasons why it’s good to prepare a library of generic effects, like fire, smoke or sparks ahead of time. They can be placed anywhere – and with some tweaks they can be transformed into unique effects for specific use.
Before shipping everyone on the dev team is play testing the game – that’s the best way to see if our work looks and performs in-game as intended, see contributions from others and make sure that the game is fun to play. We polish vfx until the last weeks before shipping and there is always room for improvement, but with any changes we have to be very careful, as in the last days before the deadline the stability and performance are priority.
Vfx artists employ variety of commercial software: 3ds max, Maya, Photoshop, After Effects, RealFlow, FumeFX, Houdini and others. We also spend a lot of time in proprietary software.
Any effect can be broken up into few simpler parts, for example an explosion particle system consists of multiple emitters that represent fire, smoke, debris, sparks and shockwave. Each emitter is usually a single element. Look and animation of particles are derived from a texture or material and from simulation. Realtime particles in many ways are similar to simulations you can get in any other particle simulation software like particle flow in 3ds Max and you still use common particle properties like speed, gravity or color. Proprietary software is designed with performance and fast workflow in mind, so depending on engine purpose – properties, workflow and limitations vary from project to project.
Half of success in vfx is always a good texture or material. Depending on platform and engine there are different limitations and sometimes workflow is focused more on custom, shader driven, procedural materials or on animated sequences – flipbooks.
Animated textures for elements like fire or smoke can be generated either from real footage or from rendered simulation. It’s true that footage can be the fastest way to drop an explosion into a game. But there’s hidden costs: the footage can be impossible to tweak, and will judder if played back using slow motion. There’s even subtle issues such as noise in low dynamic range areas that can be difficult to remove. Simulations initially take longer time to develop, but then there is much more flexibility around art directing and quality. Simulation software like Houdini also makes it easier to loop or/and tile animated textures.
Houdini can be used for much more – to dress levels in ivy, tentacles or vegetation. Many projects utilize it for pre-visualization and animatics. It is quicker to import the animation into Houdini to see if a pillar breaking effect is going to work than waste time hooking it up in the game. More and more game studios use Houdini and there are some new exciting ways of utilizing its power. The most recent is a talk given by Luiz Kruel at GDC 2017 covering baking out simulations to vertex animation. Very cool stuff and worth learning the package!
Vfx plays two, often contradictory, roles in video games. The first, and most important, is that of communicator. Vfx forms a non-verbal language that hints to the player if something is dangerous or friendly, deadly or life-giving. We employ embedded cultural expectations such as white or green for healing and red for damaging. It’s a kind of shortcut handed down from the days around the campfire when the red fires would burn if you got too close.
The second is in selling a believable world to the player. From the fiery sparks tumbling down a foundry crucible to the tufts of smoke from a pillar of ice, it sells the idea of a dynamic, evolving world full of danger and mystery. Without effects, if the player were to suddenly stop walking, the screen would seem to freeze. Even if the player isn’t aware of it, the vfx convince them that the world is a living one.
The difficulty arises when you want to make vfx for a weapon and you are limited in your palette. It would be strange for a gauss gun that fired blue projectiles to suddenly fire red ones. Or if demons suddenly glowed green, unless they were friendly. It’s easy to make particles and ribbons and things cover the screen. It is far more difficult to clearly communicate to the player what is about to happen through a visual language – and that’s what vfx is at the end of the day.
DOOM Characters: Clear communication with player supported by Vfx, makes DOOM combat extremely satisfying.
Vfx artists typically have the hardest time controlling their budgets. While modelers and world-builders have polygon counts and animators have bone counts, vfx is extremely view dependent. Look at a particle system on-axis and the overdraw can be murder. Or walk backwards spawning grenades and the full-screen puffs of smoke pile up driving your frame rates down to single digits. These problems can be especially pernicious in that they’ll only last for a few frames. Players may not notice the stutter but will be left feeling that their character becomes less responsive when in a heavy firefight.
We have tools in our belt to fight these problems from rate-limiting and fading particles as they get too close or too far away, to spawning particles on the GPU. You can take things further by drawing to a smaller off-screen buffer or decoupling the lighting from the drawing of the particle.
One overlooked aspect is organization. If you simply copy a particle system in various maps and then mutate them, it will be very difficult hunting them down as you get closer to shipping to optimize. Keeping particle systems in their own layers and directories can help enormously. Instead of having a thousand different kinds of smoke, make three sizes of smoke and try to reuse them as much as possible. Organization isn’t a sexy topic, but it will save you tons of time on the back-end.
To learn vfx, first cover the basics: learn a bit about modeling, lighting, UV mapping, etc. Personal projects are a great way to learn. Model a book and break it. Then make a bookshelf with constraints and break that. Or melt a goblin. Then bury a hundred goblins in sand. Make a “particle zoo”, a collection of basic effects, in Unreal and share it online. Replicating tutorials is important but push them further. And frame step through video capture of commercial games. There’s a lot more going on for that laser effect than you notice at first glance!
As you progress, start to specialize: Vfx, even in games, is not really a single discipline anymore. Some artists are more tech-oriented – they write shaders and create unique materials. They focus on HLSL, Substance Designer, materials, etc. Others, and I’m in this category, prefer working with particles, rigid body simulations, dynamics and breakables. Those should definitely download a copy of Houdini Apprentice and use that. It doesn’t hurt to try everything when you are starting out, but eventually you’ll want to go deep on a few topics.
I learned a lot from books like Pete Draper – Deconstructing the Elements with 3ds max. Later on I went through all of Allan McKay fume FX, Afterburn, Particle Flow and Thinking Particles tutorials. SideFX has some great tutorials on Houdini on their website as does Steven Knipping and Entagma.
And remember that vfx artists never stop learning. Researching and adapting new technologies is part of our job. Regardless of what you do – keep in touch with the artist in you – paint, sculpt – do art in whatever form you like most – even if it’s not CG. Just a year ago, after over a 20 year break I went back to painting in oil pastels and it’s enormously satisfying – it keeps me sane and keeps my artistic intuition at its best!
I wanted to thank and credit vfx team on DOOM, especially Derek Best, Marc Edwards and Todd Boyce for all hard work and huge contribution to outstanding visuals and gameplay of DOOM.
Wirginia Romanowska, VFX Artist
This does not reveal any secrets of their VFX.. it's more like a personal interview.
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kswo.com
Fort Sill holds grand re-opening ceremony for Goldner Fitness Center
April 17, 2018 at 10:39 PM CDT
FORT SILL, OK (KSWO) -In the past month and a half the Goldner Fitness Center at Fort Sill has been upgraded and redesigned into a state of the art facility. On Tuesday a ceremony was held for the grand re-opening.
There were several soldiers along with their friends and family at the opening.The facility has a variety of areas designed to enhance physical fitness, improve their techniques and strength.
It’s equipped with the Alpha Warrior Rig. It’s one of eight pieces of equipment in the Army and you may have seen it on the hit show American Ninja Warrior.
On Tuesday, soldiers maneuver through the challenging course in breeze.
“The course is pretty challenging,” Swanson said.
Captain Brett Swanson was one of the soldiers who powered through the Alpha Warrior Rig with confidence and style.
“All in all it’s not impossible if your pretty accustomed to exercising thing like that then none of the moves themselves are impossible. The difficult thing is your mental toughness,” Swanson said.
Although the obstacle is challenging Swanson said it can help soldiers work on flexibility, balance and coordination.
“When it comes to doing training or conduction military operations we have to be able to physically traverse different types of obstacles and this is the gauntlet for that,” Swanson said.
But that’s not the only type of exercise at the facility. Today Soldiers and Marines took on a challenge going from one area of functional fitness, to the next pushing themselves to finish by lifting weights, throwing medicine balls against the wall and completing box jump workouts in under 10 minutes.
Facility Manager Stacey Oliver said functional fitness is exercise that enhances motions people do everyday.
“Picking up heavy objects from the floor putting them on shelves. It’s being able to move quickly, long distances even,” Oliver said.
In the past month and a half Oliver has watched the traditional gym turn into a state of the art facility.
“Several gyms have has small rooms, limited equipment to use and now that this entire facility is focused directly on nothing but functional fitness I’m just really excited to see the excitement for this type of exercise grow and just watching people get better at it,” Oliver said.
“I’ll probably be in here doing this a couple times a week and utilizing the rest of this gym every single day.Every single day,” said Swanson.
The Goldner Fitness Center also has areas for squats TRX training, and dumbbells. The center It is only for soldiers and their families at Fort Sill.
Copyright 2018 KSWO. All rights reserved.
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What is Alzheimer’s Disease?
Stages of Alzheimer’s Disease
Mild: Early-Stage
Moderate: Middle-Stage
Severe: Late-stage
Early-Onset AD
Causes of Alzheimer’s Disease
Symptoms of Alzheimer’s Disease
Pseudobulbar Affect in Alzheimer’s Disease
Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease
Alzheimer’s Disease Statistics
Alzheimer’s Disease Treatment
Approved Treatments for Alzheimer’s Disease
Aricept (Donepezil)
Exelon (Rivastigmine)
Namenda (Memantine)
Namzaric (Donepezil and Memantine)
Oligomannate
Razadyne (Galantamine)
Experimental Treatments for Alzheimer’s Disease
Anti-Agitation Medication
AVP-786
Brexpiprazole
Treatments That Target Amyloid-Beta
Allopregnanolone
ALZT-OP1
CAD106
Crenezumab
Donanemab (LY3002813)
Elayta (CT1812)
Gantenerumab
Lu AF20513
PMN310
Saracatinib
Solanezumab
UB-311
Treatments That Target Tau
AADvac1
ABBV-8E12
ACI-35
LMTX
RO7105705
Zagotenemab (Formerly LY3303560)
Neurotransmitter Modifying Medication
DB105 (ORM-12741)
Nuplazid (Pimavanserin)
PXT864
Riluzole
SUVN-502
Treatments with Other Modes of Action
Anavex 2-73
Leukine (Sargramostim)
Liraglutide
Nasal Insulin
Piromelatine
PTI-125
S-equol
T3D-959
Thiethylperazine
TPI 287
Xanamem
Non-Drug Treatments
Deep Brain Stimulation of the Fornix
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS)
Treatments No Longer Under Development
Atabecestat (Formerly JNJ-54861911)
CNP520 (Umibecestat)
Elenbecestat
Gemfibrozil
Intepirdine
Lanabecestat
Lumateperone (ITI-007)
LY3202626
Social Clips
Dementia Days
Treading Dark Waters
Home » AVP-786
AVP-786 is an oral, investigational therapy being developed by Avanir Pharmaceuticals to treat agitation in Alzheimer’s disease patients. It is designed to be a second-generation version of Nuedexta, an approved treatment for Alzheimer’s and other neurological disorders also by Avanir.
How AVP-786 works
AVP-786, like Nuedexta, is a combination of dextromethorphan and quinidine. But it also contains deuterium, an isotope of hydrogen.
Dextromethorphan is an agent that affects signaling in the brain and triggers the cough reflex. It is usually used to treat coughing.
Quinidine affects the way the heart beats, and is used to help people with certain heart rhythm disorders. It also works by increasing the amount of dextromethorphan in the body.
The addition of deuterium into the dextromethorphan molecule, in conjunction with quinidine, is thought to reduce the metabolism of dextromethorphan in the liver, prolonging its exposure in the blood.
The exact mechanism of action by which AVP-786 reduces agitation in Alzheimer’s patients is not known. However, scientists think that its penetration into the brain leads to the activation and repression of certain neuronal pathways, which help to ease agitation.
AVP-786 in clinical trials
The safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (how the drug is processed in the body) of AVP-786 were first assessed in a Phase 1 clinical trial (NCT01787747) in healthy volunteers. Although the results of the trial were not published, Avanir announced that the medicine successfully replicated the blood levels of Nuedexta, but with a substantially lower dose of quinidine.
Another Phase 1 trial (NCT02174835) compared the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of multiple doses of AVP-786 and Nuedexta in healthy volunteers. The study was completed in 2014, but results have not been published.
The effectiveness, safety, and tolerability of AVP-786, as an oral capsule, in treating moderate-to-severe agitation in Alzheimer’s patients were evaluated in a Phase 3 clinical trial called TRIAD-1 (NCT02442765). A second and similar Phase 3 study, called TRIAD-2, (NCT02442778) is not expected to end until October 2019.
The primary outcome for both trials is the Cohen Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI), which assesses the frequency of agitated behaviors in patients.
TRIAD-1 enrolled 410 people with agitation secondary to Alzheimer’s dementia, and TRIAD-2 enrolled 522 patients with the same diagnosis. Avanir announced results of the TRIAD-1 trial in March 2019. This study investigated two different doses of AVP-786 using a Sequential Parallel Comparison Design (SPCD) and the CMAI. Only one dosage showed statistical improvement on the CMAI scale. The other showed improvement, but not enough to be scientifically significant. More detailed results are expected after further analysis of the data.
A long-term, Phase 3 extension study (NCT02446132) of AVP-786 is recruiting the roughly 700 people who took part in the TRIAD 1 and 2 studies, plus those from a Phase 2 trial (NCT01584440) investigating Nuedexta. In this 52-week extension trial, all patients will be given either a low or a high dose of AVP-786. The trial is enrolling at some 170 sites across the U.S., and in Canada and Hungary, and is expected to be completed in June 2022.
An international Phase 3 clinical trial (NCT03393520) is also recruiting 412 people with moderate-to-severe agitation secondary to Alzheimer’s dementia at locations across the U.S., Europe, Australia, and South Africa. (Enrollment sites and contact information are available here.) Like the TRIAD trials, patients will be assigned to one of two different AVP-786 doses, or placebo, but over a 12-week period. Its primary goal is changes in the CMAI composite score from baseline (study start) to week 12. It is expected to finish in June 2021.
AVP-786 was granted a fast track designation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2015 as a potential treatment of agitation in Alzheimer’s patients. This designation works to speed the development and review of therapies for serious diseases with a high unmet medical need.
In addition to Alzheimer’s disease, APV-786 is also being studied as a possible treatment of schizophrenia, intermittent explosive disorder, and traumatic brain injury.
Alzheimer’s News Today is strictly a news and information website about the disease. It does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. This content is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on this website.
Ana de Barros, PhD
Ana holds a PhD in Immunology from the University of Lisbon and worked as a postdoctoral researcher at Instituto de Medicina Molecular (iMM) in Lisbon, Portugal. She graduated with a BSc in Genetics from the University of Newcastle and received a Masters in Biomolecular Archaeology from the University of Manchester, England. After leaving the lab to pursue a career in Science Communication, she served as the Director of Science Communication at iMM.
Fact Checked By:
Özge Özkaya, PhD
Özge has a MSc. in Molecular Genetics from the University of Leicester and a PhD in Developmental Biology from Queen Mary University of London. She worked as a Post-doctoral Research Associate at the University of Leicester for six years in the field of Behavioural Neurology before moving into science communication. She worked as the Research Communication Officer at a London based charity for almost two years.
Recreational Therapy Is Essential for Long-term Alzheimer’s Care
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Alzheimer's News Today is strictly a news and information website about the disease. It does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. This content is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on this website.
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Tv & Show
The Amed Post
Home Entertainment Ryan Reynolds Says His Resemblance To Kate Beckinsale Is Like ‘Looking In...
Ryan Reynolds Says His Resemblance To Kate Beckinsale Is Like ‘Looking In A Mirror’
amedpost
Is Deadpool a dead ringer for … Kate Beckinsale?
Ryan Reynolds swung by “Today” on Thursday to promote his new Netflix film “6 Underground,” when host Hoda Kotb brought up an interview Beckinsale did in October on “The Tonight Show” in which the British actor said she thinks she looks “exactly like Ryan Reynolds.”
“It is like looking in a mirror,” @VancityReynolds responds to @KateBeckinsale’s hilarious comments about the two of them looking alike pic.twitter.com/2opzFrmJ1f
“Today” then played a portion of Beckinsale’s interview for Reynolds.
“It is like looking in a mirror,” the “Detective Pikachu” star joked in response to the clip.
He then added, remarking on Beckinsale’s elaborate ensemble on the late night talk show: “I mean, I was gonna wear that today!”
Kate Beckinsale during an interview with host Jimmy Fallon on Oct. 20, 2019.
Reynolds then added that people remarking on their resemblance is nothing new for him.
“This has been something I’ve heard for a long time,” he said. “Other people have said it to me, as well. We met one time, but yeah, I [have heard it].”
Though Reynolds seemed somewhat bemused about his likeness to Beckinsale, the “Underworld” star was adamant about how similar she thinks they look when she was on “The Tonight Show” in October.
“I look exactly like Ryan Reynolds,” she told host Jimmy Fallon, who said he didn’t really see it.
But she was unwavering as she continued.
“Like in a shocking way. Like, when sometimes, I see a bus going by with a poster on him I think, ‘Damn, I look hot. Oh, wait, that’s not me. Also, I’ve never done that movie.’”
She continued: “I’ve wrestled with how, obviously, he’s not even like a sort of slightly girly boy-bander type. He’s like a big Canadian man and I really see myself in him.”
Beckinsale joked that she’d be unable to even work with Reynolds.
“I can’t be in the same room as him because one of us, I think, would explode, or something would happen,” she said.
Good thing Reynolds isn’t on the market, or Pete Davidson may be eyeing him as his next conquest.
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Jody McAuliffe
Professor of the Practice of Theater Studies
109D Page, Professor of the Practice, Durham, NC 27708
mca@duke.edu
Jody McAuliffe (MFA, Yale University)
Award-winning director, writer, adapter, dramaturg, translator, scholar and teacher whose artistic work has been seen across the country. Her directing combines theater, film, documentary, literary adaptation, dramaturgy and the development of new work. Her writing encompasses multiple genres: short fiction; film, literary, and cultural criticism; literary non-fiction; a novel.
Directing Credits: Abrons Arts Center, Mark Taper Forum, South Coast Repertory, Denver Center Theatre, Virginia Stage Company, North Carolina Shakespeare Festival, Duke Performances, Bay Area Playwrights Festival, Sundance Institute, L.A. Theatre Center, Great Plains Theatre Conference, Burning Coal, Manbites Dog Theater, Private Theatre. Member SDC.
Publications include The Mythical Bill, A Neurological Memoir; My Lovely Suicides; Crimes of Art and Terror; Mysterious Actions: New American Drama, Guest Editor, South Atlantic Quarterly; Plays, Movies, and Critics; Foreword to Sibyl Kempson’s Let Us Now Praise Susan Sontag; Gulag Follies in Ethics and Images of Pain (an essay about her theatrical adaptation of Shalamov's Kolyma Tales); Reflections on a Director's Process, Afterword to Peter Weiss’s The New Trial. Short fiction in South Atlantic Quarterly. Literary Imagination, and Southwest Review. Reviewed theatre for Norwegian Shakespeare and Theatre Magazine.
Resident Artist at Abrons Art Center, New York, she adapted and directed Don DeLillo’s The Body Artist (also part of Duke Performances season) in collaboration with Jim Findlay, Rachel Jett, Jess Barbagallo, and Tanya Selvaratnam. Recent projects include dramaturgy on True Pearl with David Lang and Sibyl Kempson (2018 premiere at Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum in Boston), directing Barbara Hammond's We Are Pussy Riot for Theater Previews at Duke (also dramaturg), and dramaturgy for Sibyl Kempson's Let Us Now Praise Susan Sontag at Abrons Art Center in New York City. Collaborators include Don DeLillo, Wole Soyinka, Sibyl Kempson, Frederick Neumann, Neal Bell, Allan Havis, Nilo Cruz, Erin Cressida Wilson, Clay Taliaferro, William Noland, Joseph L. Guindi, Barbara Hammond, Marlane Meyer, Julie Hebert, Donald Margulies, Anna Deavere Smith, Lewis Black, Robert Auletta, Reynolds Price, Young Jean Lee, Megan Mostyn Brown. Her adaptations have been produced at Manbites Dog Theater, Abrons Arts Center, Duke Performances.
As chair of theater studies, she revived the professional producing arm of the department, Theater Previews, and presented New Works Labs by Sibyl Kempson and Barbara Hammond (both New Dramatists) and hosted The Builders Association for a workshop with freshmen in the Focus program she created--Liveness: Digital Media & Performance. Received a Josiah Charles Trent Memorial Foundation Grant to study new play development at Scotland’s Traverse Theater. Convener of the Mellon funded Humanities Writ Large Performance and Integrated Media; Guest Director and Guest Faculty at the National Theater Institute at the O’Neill Theater Center; Director of the Duke in Chicago Arts Entrepreneurship Program which she created; Guest Artist at Great Plains Theatre Conference; National Endowment for the Arts Directing Fellow at the Mark Taper Forum and member of the Directing Workshop for Women at American Film Institute. Her video work has screened at AFI, North Carolina Museum of Art and festivals. She was Associate Producer on Metromedia Producers' Tom Cottle. Up Close.
As a Duke Faculty Fellow in Social Innovation & Entrepreneurship, she hosted a panel on domestic terrorism with Tim Nichols, Executive Director, Counterterrorism and Public Policy Fellowship Program, and Fellows after a performance of her adaptation of Joseph Conrad’s The Secret Agent from the point of view of Theodore Kaczynski, the Unabomber: The Perfect Detonator.
She is a recipient of Duke’s Trinity College Distinguished Teaching Award.
M.F.A., Yale University 1980
B.S., Northwestern University 1976
Theatrical Productions
Orpheus Descending | Tennessee Williams New Orleans Literary Festival.
Haut Gout | West Coast Premiere at South Coast Repertory.
Philoctetes | English Language Premiere at The Open Space, New York.
Shadow of Himself | World Premiere at Duke University.
The Italian Actress | at Manbites Dog Theater.
My Man Ray | at North Carolina Museum of Art.
Eleanor Roosevelt: First Lady of the World | at Taper Literary Cabaret.
I've Got You Under My Skin | World Premiere at Duke Drama Program.
Madness and Other Pleasures | Unnamed event.
Rachel Carson Between the Devil and the Deep Blue Sea | ATHE New Play Development Workshop.
Man and Superman. Director. (1992)
by G.B. Shaw
Roe's Bouquet. Director. (1992)
Skies, Cries, Mysteries and Some Horses. Actor. (1992)
Two Evenings of Dance by Clay Taliaferro
The Front Page. Director. (1992)
Hecht & MacArthur
Accelerando by Lisa Loomer. Director. (1991)
by Lisa Loomer
Face of Stone. Director. (1991)
He Who Gets Slapped. Director, Writer. (1991)
by Leonid Andreyev. Translated and directed by Jody McAuliffe
Imagining Brad. Director. (1991)
by Peter Hedges, 1991, Kin Productions
Lizzadro. Actor. (1991)
Otherwise Engaged. Director. (1991)
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Keeping Food Safe in the New Distribution Model
By Ib Elandaloussi
A significant shift is occurring in today’s food market, leaving manufacturers to face new pressures from consumers. One trend specifically — that of food being delivered straight to the consumer’s door — is forcing manufacturers to change the way they handle food safety.
Further complicating this trend is the fact that consumers are also less likely to purchase products that include ingredients unfamiliar to them. This push toward “clean labels” limits the number and types of preservatives that manufacturers can use in their products. For food that potentially will be left to sit on a consumer’s porch for hours, food safety becomes an issue.
The Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) focuses on shifting the food safety approach in the U.S. from reactive to proactive. Under rules set forth by FSMA, food manufacturers must develop a food safety plan that considers all operations, from how they receive ingredients to processing and distribution.
FSMA’s Final Rule on Sanitary Transportation of Human and Animal Food seeks to mitigate the risk of a food safety issue during the transport of food between manufacturer and receiver by including such requirements as temperature controls and records. Under this rule, however, exemptions might apply to certain home grocery delivery operations, ultimately creating a vulnerability in the food supply chain.
What does this mean for food manufacturers?
Because manufacturers ultimately are responsible for their products and the brand reputation they carry, they must consider two conflicting issues: the “clean label” push from consumers to rid their food of ingredients designed to preserve and control pathogens; and the need for food to withstand harsher conditions during the new home delivery distribution model.
To counter these issues, manufacturers must start by controlling sanitation more rigorously in their plants through the use of new technology and processes that allow them to maintain a cleaner environment.
Secondly, products must pass more comprehensive failure modes — the ways in which a product may fail in the course of moving through the supply chain. Because the new distribution model is subject to a wide range of conditions, these failure modes will help manufacturers design their products with ingredients that account for sitting on a consumer’s porch for eight or more hours.
Finally, manufacturers must explore new packaging options that comply with increased sanitary conditions and new processes. The future will likely bring more shelf-stable products that require less refrigeration, contained in packaging materials that are able to withstand the high temperatures and pressures of retort and only contain ingredients familiar to consumers.
In the end, temperature is the most critical food safety parameter in the new home delivery distribution model. To prepare for this, manufacturers must look for ways to move away from temperature control as a pathogen control measure, instead relying on packaging and processing to safely meet customer demands.
Written by Ib Elandaloussi
Ib Elandaloussi, a Burns & McDonnell food safety specialist, specializes in developing and implementing complete food safety systems for food manufacturers. His experience includes not only determining areas of non-conformance, but also prioritizing and designing cost-effective solutions for clients to become FSMA compliant.
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BOOK & ZINES
All images and texts
© Anastasia Bogomolova, 2019
BAKAL | 2015–2016
Since 1941 until 1946 there was the Bakallag labor camp (part of GULAG system) on the territory of Ural city Chelyabinsk (Russia). In wartime it was turned into the place of detention for free Soviet citizens — representatives of so called «enemy» nations. The Italians, Finns, Romanians, Hungarians, but mostly Germans, deported mainly from the Volga region, where their ancestors were invited by official manifestos still in 1760s, were declared as potential saboteurs and spies.
Mobilized for the construction of roads, housing and local factories, which now make the main industrial potential of the city, the prisoners of Bakallag, 86% filled by Soviet Germans, worked often without projects and estimates. The daily feeding — 400—600 grams of bread, millet gruel on the water in the mornings, skilly of rotten nettle silage in the afternoons and evenings, the bitter infusion of pine needles. The easiest work is a stone quarry, the most difficult is tree felling. Any manifestation of dissatisfaction with detention conditions, even verbal, was perceived as a clear pro-nazist and could face the responsibility up to the execution. Dying of starvation and disease, prisoners took on last shelter in unmarked mass graves among the metallurgical slags.
After more than 70 years the events associated with the camp have little or no reflection in the contemporary city landscape, and Russian Germans, like thousands of other repressed citizens, remain not only outside the formal processes of glorification, but generally at the periphery of commemorative process.
Collective memory can’t tolerate ambiguity. It’s easier and more convenient to reduce events to mythic archetypes. The traumatic experience of thousands and thousands of people is forced to overcome a reluctance to hear about it, but also heroic stereotypes of society. In Chelyabinsk, as in many other areas of the former Soviet hard-labor camps of GULAG system, the memory of the survivors and the memory of the deceased is enshrined in the rare memorial places. However, these places are deprived of the symbolic aura of memory, which would indicate past and conceptualize it. They are just a continuation of total oblivion. And oblivion doesn’t have healing powers for historical traumas.
Garage Triennial of Russian Contemporary Art, Garage Museum, Moscow, Russia, 2017
«Bakal»: installation view Contemporary art gallery «OkNo», Chelyabinsk, Russia, 2016
«Layer»: photo-sculpture in papier-mâché. Clay, earth, paper, portraits of the Bakallag prisoners, original wire from labor camp fence. The basis for papier-mâché is a fragment of metal slag from the territory of prisoners' graves.
«Three days of Siebert family»: video installation. Like thousands of other Russian Germans whose families were deported to the Ural, Siberia, the northern region of Kazakhstan and remote areas of Central Asia, in August 1995 the Sieberts, grandmother and grandson, immigrated to Germany. Amateur camera captured the last three days, spent with relatives in Russia. Contemporary art gallery «OkNo», Chelyabinsk, Russia, 2016
Documentation of the site-specific installation «Quarry» Contemporary art gallery «OkNo», Chelyabinsk, Russia, 2016
«Dream»: documentation of performance [video, 20’00]. December 20, 2015, -20 °C. The area of mass graves of Bakallag prisoners, real open grave, preserved since the partial taking out of the remains in 2004. Metallurgical district, Chelyabinsk. After a sleepless night — twenty minutes of quiet sleep in the open grave of the unknown labor camp prisoner. It was warm at the bottom. Earth seemed restful. A root of a tree sprouted through the neck. The grass inclined above the edge of the hollow. The pulsing sound was coming from a slag barrow. Upon awakening you look at the space around you as if for the first time to really wake up.
«A quarter of the norm»: documentation of stopped performance [video, 16’20]. January 4, 2016, -19 °C. Quarry. Metallurgical district, Chelyabinsk. Time of realization: about two hours. Standing up to the ice covered the stone quarry, which was one of the most difficult working areas for the prisoners in the years of Bakallag, I planned to perform my own labor standard, beating a place on the perimeter and gradually moving to the center. Several times I slumped into the water, wet my feet, broke my shoes. I sustained only eight circles. At the end I stopped and fell into the snow. Eight circles. About a quarter of the norm. According to the rules of the labor camp it was supposed to be no more than 400 grams of bread. While sitting in the quarry, I thought: final of unsuccessful performance — is it the result? As soon I climbed up, a couple of fishermen came up to the ice immediately crossed all my circles of memory, my annual rings.
«Quarry»: site-specific installation, Chelyabinsk, 2015. Stones, archival photographs, prints. Being one of the most heavy working areas for prisoners of the Bakallag, decades later the stone quarry, already flooded with water, had become a popular holiday destination for residents of Metallurgical district in Chelyabinsk.
Eurotour (2019 – in progress)
Periods (2015 – in progress)
Landscape. Part II (2018)
Lookbook (2014–2018)
To Grow From the Grass I Love (2013–2015)
Recall (2012–2013)
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Julia Roberts Picture 201 - 76th Golden Globe Awards - Arrivals
- Julia Roberts
76th Golden Globe Awards - Arrivals
, Julia Roberts
Shea Whigham, Julia Roberts in 24th Annual Critic's Choice Awards - Arrivals
(Julia Roberts)
Shea Whigham, Julia Roberts, Stephan James in 24th Annual Critic's Choice Awards - Arrivals
Julia Roberts in 24th Annual Critic's Choice Awards - Arrivals
Rami Malek, Julia Roberts in 76th Golden Globe Awards - Arrivals
Julia Roberts in Los Angeles Premiere of Amazon's Homecoming
Julia Roberts in 43rd Toronto International Film Festival - Ben Is Back - Premiere
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https://apnews.com/99d1dc91b4b8c1f40eefb11b5260610f
Hundreds attend funeral for Navy sailor slain in base attack
By RUSS BYNUMDecember 16, 2019 GMT
Dustin Walters, center left, hugs his brother Mason Walter, center right, during a funeral service for their brother and U.S. Navy Airmen Apprentice, Cameron Walters, at the Compassion Christian Church in Savannah, Ga., Monday, Dec. 16, 2019. Cameron Walters was one of the three Navy sailors killed in a Saudi gunman's attack at Naval Air Station Pensacola in Florida on Dec. 6. (Stephen B. Morton/Atlanta Journal-Constitution via AP)
SAVANNAH, Ga. (AP) — One of the young Navy sailors killed in a Saudi gunman’s attack at a Florida base had boundless energy and a fierce loyalty to family and friends in Georgia that will make him “the most amazing guardian angel,” some of those closest to the slain sailor told hundreds at his funeral Monday.
Roughly 400 people, including dozens of uniformed service members, gathered at a Savannah church to remember 21-year-old Airman Apprentice Cameron Scott Walters of neighboring Richmond Hill. His casket, draped with an American flag, stood at the front of a stage adorned with Christmas trees.
Walters was among three sailors killed Dec. 6 when the gunman opened fire at Pensacola Naval Air Station. Federal authorities said the gunman also wounded eight other people in the rampage before a sheriff’s deputy killed him.
The slain sailor’s father, Shane Walters, has said his son had recently arrived in Florida after completing boot camp and was standing watch at the entrance of a classroom building where the attack occurred.
Mourners in the front row at Walters’ funeral in the large sanctuary at Compassion Christian Church included Georgia Gov. Brian Kemp, who ordered flags lowered to half-staff at all statewide buildings to honor the sailor.
Hunter Cannon, one of Walters’ best friends, spoke through tears during the service as he described Walters as his brother — not by blood, but by choice.
“The only time he was every down was when he was asleep,” Cannon said. “...His loyalty was unmatched.”
“Although we lost someone as amazing as Cameron,” he said, “we got the most amazing guardian angel you could ask for.”
The attack that ended Walters’ life was scarcely mentioned during his funeral service. Instead, those who knew Walters best focused on his love of life and a near constant smile that allowed him to quickly make friends with complete strangers.
Pastor Harrison Huxford described a trip to a shooting range Walters made with his father in which the young man ended up befriending all of the other gun owners and persuaded them to let him try out their firearms.
Many of the photos in a slideshow that played during the service showed Walters relaxing during boating trips on the Georgia coast. Family friend Shawn Hygh said from a young age Walters liked to work on cars in the garage with his father, sometimes snatching tools and saying: “Daddy, I got this.”
Walters’ funeral followed a somber homecoming Saturday when people holding American flags lined a main street in Walters’ hometown as his casket arrived, escorted by motorcycle riders. Similar scenes played out over the weekend in Alabama and Florida as the bodies of Ensign Joshua Kaleb Watson and Airman Mohammed Shahed Haitham came home.
The funeral for Watson, 23, of Enterprise, Alabama is scheduled for Sunday. Arrangements have not been announced for Haitham, 19, of St. Petersburg, Florida.
Authorities identified the Pensacola gunman as Saudi Air Force 2nd Lt. Mohammed Alshamrani. He was undergoing flight training at Pensacola, where members of foreign militaries routinely receive instruction. The FBI has said it was operating under the assumption that the attack was an act of terrorism.
The Navy posthumously awarded all three slain sailors the gold wings badge they had been training to earn.
Another of Walters’ best friends, Greyson Ward, urged others to move past their anger over his violent death.
“Cameron wouldn’t want us to keep this anger,” Ward said. “Cameron brought so much good to our lives.”
Crying, he said: “I love you, brother. You earned those gold wings.”
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School, Graduate
Theses and Dissertations All Schools
Hollenbeck, R. Gary (6)
Demarest, Dudley Alvin, Jr. (1)Murphy, Maura Patricia (1)Robinson, Rhonda Leigh (1)Scott, Douglas Craig (1)Smith, Bruce Philip (1)Woodhull, Margaret Brewster (1)Subject
Health Sciences, Pharmacy (6)
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical (3)Chemistry, Physical (1)Chemistry, Polymer (1)View MoreDate Issued1999 (1)1995 (1)1993 (1)1991 (3)
Investigation of the conformational change in a polyanhydride system and its effect on drug delivery
Woodhull, Margaret Brewster (1995)
The intermolecular relationship governing the conformational change of the polyanhydride poly(carboxyphenoxypropane-sebacic acid){dollar}\sb{lcub}20:80{rcub}{dollar}, (poly(CPP-SA){dollar}\sb{lcub}20:80{rcub}{dollar}) in both solution and solid state was investigated and related to the drug delivery of specifically chosen drugs from a poly(CPP-SA){dollar}\sb{lcub}20:80{rcub}{dollar} matrix. The occurrence of conformational change, the underlying factors which induce change, and the ultimate impact of conformational change on poly(CPP-SA){dollar}\sb{lcub}20:80{rcub}{dollar} degradation and drug release were investigated in order to develop a fundamental basis by which formulations and processes could be developed to produce reliable and effective polyanhydride dosage forms. Solution studies carried out in methylene chloride, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, and dioxane revealed that both the conformation and degradation of poly(CPP-SA){dollar}\sb{lcub}20:80{rcub}{dollar} were solvent-dependent. Infrared studies in the carbonyl stretching region (1830-1730 cm{dollar}\sp{lcub}-1{rcub}{dollar}) indicated that a stronger polymer-solvent interaction occurred in the chlorinated solvent solutions due to hydrogen-bonding with the carbonyl oxygens. The solutions exhibiting stronger polymer-solvent interactions produced a more expanded conformation determined by intrinsic viscosity studies. Degradation of the polyanhydride linkage was conducted using methanol (2.5%w/v) as the degradative reactant and quantified by an absorbance decrease in the anhydride asymmetric stretch (1815 cm{dollar}\sp{lcub}-1{rcub}{dollar}). The rate of poly(CPP-SA){dollar}\sb{lcub}20:80{rcub}{dollar} degradation was faster in chloroform and methylene chloride than that in tetrahydrofuran and dioxane. The effect of solvent on degradation was due either to electron-withdrawing or conformational differences between the solvent types. The conformational behavior of poly(CPP-SA){dollar}\sb{lcub}20:80{rcub}{dollar} in the solid state was evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and infrared analysis of the carbonyl stretching region. At temperatures above 30{dollar}\sp\circ{dollar}C and below the melting point, the polymer was shown to undergo time-dependent conformational changes resulting in increased heats of fusion and melting points. The change in thermal behavior was attributed to hydrogen-bonding detected by an increased infrared shift in the carbonyl stretch associated with the carboxylic acid end group of a poly(CPP-SA){dollar}\sb{lcub}20:80{rcub}{dollar} film treated at 40, 50, and 60{dollar}\sp\circ{dollar}C.;The effect of drug type and temperature on drug release from a poly(CPP-SA){dollar}\sb{lcub}20:80{rcub}{dollar} matrix was evaluated by flow cell analysis. Salicylic acid and salicylamide were chosen as model drugs due to their similarity in chemical structure with the exception that salicylic acid had a greater potential for hydrogen bonding due to a carboxylic acid side group. Both drugs exhibited a decrease in drug release with increased dwell temperatures of 40, 50 and 60{dollar}\sp\circ{dollar}C. The release profiles of salicylamide were less affected than salicylic acid, possibly due to hydrogen-bonding differences within the matrix. The salicylic acid release profile was profoundly decreased after storage at 37{dollar}\sp\circ{dollar}C for 12 and 24 hours indicating that drug release may be retarded or prevented due to conformational changes at physiological temperatures. The understanding of the role of temperature and hydrogen-bonding in polyanhydride conformation is recommended as a critical component to the development of a stable poly(CPP-SA){dollar}\sb{lcub}20:80{rcub}{dollar} dosage form.
Extrusion as a process for the manufacture of completely water-soluble tablets for both small molecules and proteins
Murphy, Maura Patricia (1999)
Biologically active proteins and peptides are utilized for a variety of medical purposes, ranging from diagnostic tests to therapeutic medicines. Since the stability of these compounds in solutions is often limited, a rapidly soluble, stabilized solid form would be highly advantageous. A simple extrusion process is proposed as a method of manufacture for completely water soluble tablets, suitable for proteins and peptides. The objectives of this research were to determine the feasibility of manufacturing a completely water-soluble tablet by a mass extrusion process, and to examine the stability of a biologically active protein incorporated into the extruded tablets. Placebo tablets were manufactured by the addition of a solvent to a melted blend of polyethylene glycols, cooling and extruding through a round orifice. The resultant cylinder of product was dried and cut into segments to create tablets. Mixture experimental designs were used to examine the effects of each component, including a soluble marker compound in one study. Tablets containing a protein were manufactured in a similar manner, using an aqueous solution of the protein lysozyme. The activity of lysozyme was measured by a standard turbidity test, and the content of protein was measured by HPLC. The stability of the protein, both immediately after manufacture and over a two-month period, was examined. Completely water soluble tablets with acceptable characteristics were manufactured by mass extrusion on a small scale using a solvent-based process. General regions of extrudability were identified efficiently using a mixture design approach. The regions changed significantly with the presence of a soluble marker compound. The extrusion process is a simple procedure covering a broad range of applications: stabilization of a protein is one application. The protein lysozyme was incorporated into the extruded tablets and retained 100% activity after processing. Over two months, however, the protein degraded 20-45%, depending on the storage condition. This degradation rate of the protein in the tablets was approximately the same as that of lysozyme in solution. Alternative vehicles, soluble stabilizers, and proteins with various degradation pathways should be examined to improve the stability profile of the delivery system for proteins.
The characterization of heterogeneous surfaces using modified immersional calorimetry
Demarest, Dudley Alvin, Jr. (1991)
The present work describes the development and validation of a sensitive modified immersional calorimeter for assessing the integral interfacial energetics and wettability of tablet surfaces by aqueous dispersions of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and its usefulness in predicting film coating results. Tablets manufactured from microcrystalline cellulose, dibasic calcium phosphate, lactose, and magnesium carbonate gelatin granulations were analyzed. Tablet surfaces were modified by varying the tablet porosity (by changing compression force) and specific surface energy (by adding various levels of magnesium stearate). A thermal gravimetric technique utilizing first derivative plots of drying curves of coating droplets on tablets as well as a kinematic assessment of tablet wettability are also described. Coating of tablets manufactured from the same excipient was performed in a 30 cm diameter Hi-Coater{dollar}\sp{lcub}\rm R{rcub}{dollar} side-vented coating apparatus using a competitive coating operation. The coating parameters were set to a level in which overwetting occurred thus "stressing" the coatability of the tablets. Tablet coating success was assessed by visual analysis, diametrical hardness increases, and with a size exclusion chromatographic (SEC) technique. This technique allowed the amount of coat applied to individual tablets to be determined at coat amounts of less than 1 mg. Immersional results were directly related to the surface area of interaction which depended not only on the porosity and penetration of the coating dispersion but, with low energy tablets, on the relative surface area of the immediate tablet surface. It was hypothesized that an immersional response "window" exists within which tablets will ultimately coat well. Those with larger immersional results will show rapid wetting of the tablet by the coating droplets which will dehydrate the droplets too rapidly for the coating to coalesce, and those with low responses will not allow enough spreading of the droplets to allow adequate coalescence. The comparison of the immersional results with the results of the tablet coating operation to some extent support such an hypothesis although the measurement of the surface area of interaction is essential in estimating the true surface energies of the interface from immersional results.
Zero-order release through nonuniform drug distribution in a noneroding diffusional matrix: Theoretical design and actual manufacture
Scott, Douglas Craig (1991)
The theoretical design and actual manufacture of a non-eroding matrix pellet dosage form was undertaken. Non-uniform drug distribution in a non-eroding matrix can be used as a technique to achieve zero-order release. Flat slab and spherical geometry were examined through the development of a mathematical model to verify that it is theoretically possible to achieve zero-order release. Traditional non-eroding matrices, which contain drug uniformly distributed, do not yield zero-order release due to a constantly increasing barrier thickness which develops as drug diffuses from the matrix. Non-uniform drug distribution in a porous non-eroding matrix, in which drug is more concentrated in deeper matrix layers, creates an increasing depletion zone porosity as drug is leached from the matrix. This increasing porosity compensates for the increasing barrier thickness to achieve constant rate release. A common pelletization technique was employed to manufacture pellets. Previous investigations of this approach are few and have never combined a theoretical approach with a practical manufacturing process. An automated modified suspension layering technique was developed to create pellets containing drug non-uniformly distributed. A gradient pumping system used in conjunction with a specially fabricated Wurster column was used to produce these pellets. To examine the feasibility of this process, an investigation of the behavior of a water soluble drug, chlorpheniramine maleate, and a water insoluble drug, haloperidol, was undertaken. The model drugs and non-eroding matrices were characterized and actual release profiles were compared to theoretical profiles. In the case of the water soluble drug, an alternate release mechanism appears to predominate and the system does not behave as predicted by theory. In the case of the water insoluble drug the model fits well. A slight burst of drug is observed and is due to an initial porosity which exists in the matrix. The differing performance of these drugs appears to be due to their physico-chemical character. The water insoluble drug conforms to the assumptions and conditions of the model and demonstrates that non-uniform drug distribution in theory and actuality can be used to achieve zero-order release.
Investigation of mechanisms for enhancing the solubility and dissolution rate of drugs which form slightly soluble salts
Robinson, Rhonda Leigh (1993)
This thesis demonstrates novel formulation approaches to enhancing solubility and dissolution for a specific group of basic drugs which form slightly soluble hydrochloride salts. Using triamterene as a model, relationships between drug solubility and dissolution rate were examined in a quest for a more fundamental understanding of factors which influence the dissolution of this drug, and others like it, with the ultimate goal of producing oral dosage forms with enhanced bioavailability. The dissolution rate of triamterene was found to depend on the pH and ionic conditions in the bulk solution, as well as the characteristics of the dissolving species. The dissolution rates of triamterene in both 0.1 N HCl and 0.01 N HCl were decreased by increasing the chloride concentration of the dissolution medium, demonstrating the influence of chloride ions on the dissolution of this drug. Both type A gelatin and a strong anion exchange resin increased triamterene solubility in hydrochloric acid solutions. These solubility results offer evidence that gelatin forms a complex with triamterene, and this complex prevents the precipitation of the slightly soluble hydrochloride salts. Gelatin and the anion exchange resin were evaluated as dissolution enhancing excipients. Both excipients increased the dissolution rate of triamterene in 0.01 N HCl, where drug solubility is highest, but not in 0.1 N HCl, or water. Dissolution enhancement due to complexation with gelatin may not necessarily lead to increased bioavailability, due to the fact that drug must be released from the complex before absorption can occur. The anion exchange resin actually decreased the dissolution rate of triamterene in 0.1 N HCl. The anion exchange resin increased the dissolution rate in 0.1 N HCl of a granulation containing terfenadine. The dissolution rate increase achieved by including the anion exchange resin in terfenadine granulations was of similar magnitude to those reported in the literature for buffering aspirin tablets, or kneading ibuprofen granulations with surface active gelatin hydrolysate. These results demonstrate that the amounts of anion exchange resin required for enhancement of dissolution can be incorporated into a traditional solid oral dosage form. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Rational design of controlled release matrix tablets using an ethylcellulose dispersion and fluid bed granulation technology
Smith, Bruce Philip (1991)
Application of an aqueous polymeric dispersion to control drug release from matrix tablets was investigated. The polymeric dispersion of ethylcellulose was applied as a binder in matrix tablet formulations prepared by fluid bed granulation. Examined were the effect of excipients (dicalcium phosphate, lactose, and microcrystalline cellulose), drug solubility (chlorpheniramine maleate and hydrochlorothiazide), level of water insoluble binder (5 to 30% w/w), and compression force (300 and 600 kg) on the granule and resulting tablet characteristics. These objectives were approached through the use of mixture experimental design. Examined also were the physico-chemical properties of the granules and tablets to further explain the in vitro release behavior of the different formulations. The mean particle size ranged from 85 to 700 {dollar}\mu{dollar}m and the majority of tablets possessed tensile strength values which ranged from 5 to 25 kg/cm{dollar}\sp2{dollar}. A critical assessment of the theoretical framework was tested by observing how the solubility of drug and excipient(s) changed the consolidation characteristics, porosity, and tortuosity of the matrix. Compression of the fluid bed granules into tablets was a requisite for sustained release of drug since the granules themselves rapidly released the drug. Excipients and level of binder had a major impact on the release characteristics of the tablets. In general, for tablets containing chlorpheniramine maleate higher binder levels and compression force decreased the release of drug from the matrix. In contrast, for tablets containing hydrochlorothiazide higher binder levels decreased the release of drug but the release was insensitive to compression force. Drug solubility played a disproportional role in the release rate with the more water soluble drug producing the fastest release in part due to the disruption of the matrix infrastructure. Addition of the polymeric dispersion to the raw materials, was found to decrease the mean yield value by 17 to 72% indicating increased plasticity of the granulations. The database generated from the mixture design was used to rationally fabricate matrix tablets which had a specified release rate least sensitive to compression force. This study demonstrates that a controlled release matrix system can be produced using an aqueous ethylcellulose dispersion and fluid bed granulation technology.
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3,000 Ride-Sharing Cars Could Replace 13,000 New York City Taxis
Posted by Mish | January 5, 2017 4:09:37 | Economics
Uber and Lyft have been working on ride-sharing algorithms with some degree of success.
For example, in San Francisco, Lyft’s carpooling service makes up 50% of rides.
Professor Daniela Rus of MIT’s Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) researched actual taxi data and determined 3,000 ride-sharing cars could replace every cab in New York City.
Let’s turn our attention to the actual report: carpooling apps could reduce traffic 75%.
Led by Professor Daniela Rus of MIT’s Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL), researchers developed an algorithm that found that 3,000 four-passenger cars could serve 98 percent of taxi demand in New York City, with an average wait-time of only 2.7 minutes.
The team also found that 95 percent of demand would be covered by just 2,000 ten-person vehicles, compared to the nearly 14,000 taxis that currently operate in New York City.
Using data from 3 million taxi rides, the new algorithm works in real-time to reroute cars based on incoming requests, and can also proactively send idle cars to areas with high demand – a step that speeds up service 20 percent, according to Rus.
“To our knowledge, this is the first time that scientists have been able to experimentally quantify the trade-off between fleet size, capacity, waiting time, travel delay, and operational costs for a range of vehicles, from taxis to vans and shuttles,” says Rus. “What’s more, the system is particularly suited to autonomous cars, since it can continuously reroute vehicles based on real-time requests.”
Existing approaches are still limited in their complexity. For example, some ride-sharing systems require that user B be on the way for user A, and need to have all the requests submitted before they can create a route.
In contrast, the new system allows requests to be rematched to different vehicles. It can also analyze a range of different types of vehicles to determine, say, where or when a 10-person van would be of the greatest benefit.
The system works by first creating a graph of all of the requests and all of the vehicles. It then creates a second graph of all possible trip combinations, and uses a method called “integer linear programming” to compute the best assignment of vehicles to trips.
After cars are assigned, the algorithm can then rebalance the remaining idle vehicles by sending them to higher-demand areas.
“A key challenge was to develop a real-time solution that considers the thousands of vehicles and requests at once,” says Rus. “We can do this in our method because that first step enables us to understand and abstract the road network at a fine level of detail.”
The final product is what Rus calls an “anytime optimal algorithm,” which means that it gets better the more times you run it – and she says that she’s eager to see how much it can improve with further refinement.
“Ride-sharing services have enormous potential for positive societal impact with respect to congestion, pollution and energy consumption,” says Rus. “It’s important that we as researchers do everything we can to explore ways to make these transportation systems as efficient and reliable as possible.”
Video Simulation
Drivers Not Needed
Will people get annoyed when the algorithm decides the first of 10 people to get in the van is the last one dropped off?
Regardless, such technology is coming. And of course it will not be long before drivers will not be needed at all.
81 thoughts on “3,000 Ride-Sharing Cars Could Replace 13,000 New York City Taxis”
January 5, 2017 4:20:08 at 4:20 AM
The study also assumes people are willing to share a cab with strangers.
Seenitallbefore said:
That is what autonomous cars are all about. Getting us to give up all control and view vehichle travel like a train. Give up control and go into passenger mode. Future generations of city dwellers will not even know what a pov is. Povs will be outlawed. Of course wealthy will not have to share a ride.
Or any politician …
Fred Rogers said:
We already have ride sharing vehicles — buses, trains, subways, hotel courtesy vans… its hardly the “new thing” that Mish or this bimbo professor seem to think.
Despite the widespread availability of ride sharing, taxis and limos continue to operate profitably in every major city I travel to. Even in crowded places with dirt cheap labor — think southeast Asian countries — rickshaws and taxis still operate profitably.
This “MIT research” just proves how cloistered and out of touch with the real world college professors have become.
January 5, 2017 10:09:13 at 10:09 AM
You are leaving out government intervention. When the pov is forbidden in cities except for electric automated vehicles, then this will become a reality. A pay as you go system instead of individually owned cars. We will be forced onto a modified mass transit system.
You are forgetting that some of that government (the taxi and limo commission) makes its living from selling taxi medallions. I don’t know if you can fight city hall, but city hall fights city hall a lot.
Also, please direct your attention to Detroit. When the central planners get to uppity and charge obscene taxes — everyone picks up their marbles and leaves. The city is left a shambles. City employees lose their pensions, and they will blame NYC “Mayor Blatto” or his predecessor “His Nanny-ness”. Again, city hall will defeat itself.
NYC home prices are collapsing because democrat voters in the second most liberal city in the country will not tolerate Mayor Blasio’s socialist stupidity.
robs said:
The one who seems out of touch is you, Fred.
Buses, trains, etc. all run on SPECULATED usage. Guess wrong and the costs go way up. Airlines are the only passenger mode that makes any effort to review the usage data on more than a bi-annual basis. The researchers are now able to do this in REAL-TIME which will greatly reduce costs and make transportation way more affordable – without government central planning.
EVERY mode you mention, with the exception of ride-sharing, has service levels and prices fixed by government. Guess wrong and they just raise fares, cut service, raise taxes, etc. Apparently you like lots of wasteful crony capitalism.
I am talking about the real world, not how things theoretically work in your research world
kevinmackay said:
January 5, 2017 12:29:42 at 12:29 PM
“I don’t want to share a ride with 9 strangers.”
Mkkby said:
January 5, 2017 2:29:28 at 2:29 PM
Fred, ride sharing fails because CONSUMER DEMAND. The auto industry sells 18M cars a year because people want the individual freedom and PRIVACY of their own vehicle.
Driverless cars for most people will just mean being more comfortable. It’s not going to change how many people will be willing to share, which equals LESS COMFORT.
MishMoments said:
Driverless cars will happen big time. Soon. Ride-sharing is another matter. People want to get to their destination, not sit in a car with strangers.
floridasandy said:
I don’t like driverless cars-they malfunction and you are screwed.
I hope they don’t happen big time.
James Greenberg said:
Fred, why the gratuitous sexist remark? It only subtracts from your argument.
Your perception of a sexist remark — like all politically correct censorship — is a problem for you to deal with.
No one else had a problem. You think you are better than others because of your PC-ness, it just makes you sound weak and feeble that you can’t handle an adult conversation.
Get yourself a coloring book and go cry with the other campus sissies.
“Sissie” is homophobic, so you are on a roll today, caveman. /sarc
Alexaisback said:
Sixooo is entirely correct.
The study is a study based on stupidity..
A. It assumes you want to travel with others
in NYC for example – the “others” may not share your interests
but may want to share your purse.
Stupidity because it frankly has NOTHING to do with reality.
You think I am sharing a cab at 8:00 p.m. at night
with no driver and 3 strangers picked up and dropped off
in different areas ?
Come on. Stupidity.
B. There is No Way this is true anyway. Ever been in NYC in
a rain storm and tried to get a cab ?
Even no rain outside Grand Central in peak hours ?
Believe me this is total BS. The numbers are fudged.
They probably discuss perfect weather off peak.
>>>>>>>>>> I just looked at the posted pictures
they state Thursday 19.44.30
So a Thursday Night at 7:00 p.m. ( a.m. ) and No Rain ?
++++ Rest assured the study is biased – relies on poor data –
and is complete nonsense. ++++
After dark – especially – NO ONE is jumping in a car with complete
strangers in NYC with no driver. Insane to believe they would.
Well no female anyway. And no one over the age of 50.
vooch said:
The study assumes you want to save money on traveling. All the current problems you mention are proof that government central planning doesn’t work. But your intellect is too limited to see alternatives.
@robs — “…your intellect is too limited to see alternatives.”
Yup, robs is a pompous -ss, academic research weenie with zero real world experience.
G. Scott said:
We lived in Venezuela for some years where taxi sharing is the norm. The taxi would wait in a designated area for a particular destination and leave when full, dropping people off as they got to the final destination. They would also detour if necessary.
The idea is not new but in the developed countries sharing is not usual and will take some adjusting to. Shared vehicles are buses but they tend to travel to a schedule not to demand..
Exactly. Stories like this are designed to condition us to accept life as 3rd worlders.
Sam said:
It used to be like this in Jersey City NJ when I lived there 20+ years ago. In my experience you simply weren’t able to take your own cab and go – you had to wait until the driver filled up the car, then get dropped off in turn.
Small correction: this is what the cabs were like in Journal Square. I didn’t typically catch cabs elsewhere, so this may have been a very local phenomenon.
Diogenes said:
Meanwhile, another big crash of a NYC commuter train yesterday :
http://mobile.reuters.com/article/newsOne/idUSKBN14O1FO
“Passengers said the blood and chaos following the derailment were frightening.”
Driverless vehicles? Brought to us by who? The same tech industry that can’t keep our password secure, that’s who,
No problem, the Russians can be blamed or else global warming might’ve caused the trains rails to degrade from the heat. You never can tell.
meanwhile every single day
90 Americand die in car crashes
6,500 Americans are hospitakized as a result of car crashes
Germ said:
“Japanese company replaces office workers with artificial intelligence
Insurance firm Fukoku Mutual Life Insurance is making 34 employees redundant and replacing them with IBM’s Watson Explorer AI”
https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/jan/05/japanese-company-replaces-office-workers-artificial-intelligence-ai-fukoku-mutual-life-insurance
Thank you for calling Fuk You Insurance Company. Listen carefully to the following options, as our menu may have changed since we disconnected you 10 minutes ago:
To get the run around in Japanese, press 1.
To get jerked around in English, press 2.
To spend 30 minutes on hold listening to musak before hearing this menu again, press 3.
Press 4 if you would like to play jeopardy versus a computer
brhoade said:
It baffles me why people continue to argue IF this is coming… the technology is here. The car companies are racing because as illustrated here, in just this instance, the need for cars will plummet dramatically. The race is not just to win this arena, it’s to survive as a company in the simplest terms. Car companies will go out of business. This landscape will be the biggest societal change we’ve seen since the invention of the car in my humble opinion. I don’t believe it will be all gloom and doom. But, it will certainly be interesting…
I agree for the city. In rural america the self drivong pov will still thrive.
The technology to put a man on the moon is also here. Actually its been here for 50 years.
But from a practical standpoint, and from an economics standpoint — “near space” travel remains a tourism gimmick that Virgin / Richard Branson sells to people with money to burn.
Just because the technology works (see Betamax video machines, which were better than VHS and better than early DVDs) doesn’t mean consumers are going to use it
The problem is, adoption has less to do with technology than with regulation. Given a fully free choice, pretty much everyone would want their own car. “Studies” like this be damned.
But, in reality, what will happen is that these “studies” will be seized upon by the privileged as excuses for making personal car travel too expensive for most people. “Studies from XXX supposedly “smart” university shows they are not needed….”, after all.
But do you really think Obama, Trump and the Goldman CEO will be driven around in shared cars hailed with a cellphone app? Or do you perhaps instead think that’s for “those people”, while the anointeds’ involvement with the whole thing is limited to having their kids make millions from the startups writing the apps. And benefiting from less congestion for themselves, when they prance around in their own, highly unlikely to be shared, Bentleys?
Old Guy said:
My son runs a local establishment and abhors the local taxi service. He spoke with Uber in the local community and he loves their service. He put people in taxis that have had too much to drink. He can track the vehicle and knows when it will arrive.
Many customers will now take a Uber taxi because they know when it will arrive. The local taxi service is terrible and will not arrive on time of you wait longer then many customers are willing to do.
Driverless vehicles are fine for metropolitan areas but in rural areas not so much.
It depends on the location and need for taxis (not just at closing time). Some places the taxi service is amazing, other places it is poor. Taxis can’t make a living driving drunk people home from bars at closing time — they need work the other 23 hours too, preferably from customers that don’t pass out or vomit in the seats.
If your brother’s bar had enough taxi business (sounds like it does not) — another taxi company would have stepped in with better service. Picking up drunks is not a great business model.
Normal groups of people have a designated driver and don’t need taxis or uber — which is why the taxi service understandably puts very low priority on prompt service for drunks. Better to wait and let the drunk puke in your brother’s bar than in a cab!
Beer Drinker said:
I take Uber in most cities because:
1. There is no delay at the end where you need to exchange payment for a receipt. Everything is automatic. (This is a big one for me, especially in places that use a lot of cash only.)
2. I know the approximate cost of the ride upfront.
3. I know exactly when the taxi will arrive
About the only city I use a regular taxi anymore is Singapore, and I expect those to be automated in the near future. Both because the island is very forward looking when it comes to things like this, but also because a lot of their drivers are old uncles who will be retiring in droves. (I would not be surprised to find the average age of a Singapore taxi driver to be 65+.)
It isn’t that I disdain taxi companies, but the “ride sharing” companies make it extremely easy for me to do business with them. Doing business with most taxi companies is a chore. (With different rules and quirks in every city you go to.)
A Saudi quirk for you, being caught on local candid camera.
http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=3f4_1457101282&comments=1
kidhorn said:
I expect automated cars will eventually become commonplace, but it’s going to take decades before something similar to what’s proposed in this article becomes a reality. Maybe the first few pieces will be in place before 2025.
Illegal said:
When your 10 minute taxi ride turns into 20 you won’t think it’s so wonderful because the algorithm is telling the driver where to go to maximize the company’s income. Cites already have riding sharing it’s called a bus
whirlaway said:
Shows how out of touch Mish is. When riding with total strangers, staying alive is the prime concern!
Get a gun and learn how to use it, so you don’t have to walk around scared whittless over every single person you run into who isn’t your mom.
But the strangers will not be armed with guns??!! LOL The only thing “better” than riding with a handful of strangers is riding with a handful of strangers with guns!
Thanks genius!
MSA said:
NYC is more than just Manhattan. The research seems to exclude Brooklyn, Queens, Bronx, and Staten Island, and taxi rides to the three major airports, along with the occasional non-emergency direct ride to a hospital needed to give birth.
Here is a great illustration of the massive chasm that exists between the theoretical make believe world of college professors and the real world.
In theory, if everything worked according to an optimal computer algorythm, then 3000 ride sharing cars could replace 13000 taxis. In theory.
In real life, humans are not computer algorythms. Only a college dingbat would need that explained.
Some human is going to want to kiss their family member or loved one goodbye before exiting the vehicle and throw the whole algorythm off.
Another human is going to need help getting their luggage into / out of the trunk. I guess the magic driver algorythm is going to grow magic arms or something.
I am a little amazed at how Mish can’t separate his love for all things techno-gadgety from practical reality.
As quite a few other commenters have pointed out: WE ALREADY HAVE RIDE SHARING IN ALL MAJOR CITIES. Taxis, limos, buses, hotel courtesy vans, etc etc. These services have existed for decades, and yet every major city continues to have private cars and taxis anyway.
Changing a few human taxi drivers into auto-pilot drivers (if it happens) changes the economics for taxi drivers (maybe), but doesn’t change anything else. if the auto-pilots are cheaper, they will drive. If human drivers are cheaper, they will drive. But the total number of drivers isn’t going to change materially — and if this MIT nit-wit were grounded in reality that would be obvious.
I don’t know if there are really 13000 taxis active in NYC at one time, but this goof ball professor seems to think 9000 of them are sitting around idle, under-used, just waiting to be optimized away. BULL SH!T. Obviously the professor didn’t research NYC at all.
Really Mish. You have a great blog, but your obsession with auto-driving technology has gone berzerk. If a new batch of immigrants showed up and offered to drive for half price (with the same safety requirements) — would that eliminate 75% of taxis? Or would the lower price actually increase demand for more taxis?
Basic economics 101, being flunked by a so-called “professor”. MIT should be embarassed
And speaking of all-knowing, perfect, never makes a mistake “computer algorithms”…. I would like to highlight the “auto correct” feature on my tablet just misspelled “embarassed” in the last sentence above.
This is f-ing spell check. Its a 30 year old algorytm that keeps getting “better” all the time. It screwed up the spelling of “embarassed”!!!
Misspelling a word is bad, especially if you are writing for other humans. However, it won’t get anyone killed.
The algorithms for driving cars are no where near as developed as spell check or spam filtering — both of which are easier tasks for a computer to do.
No Fred, you really don’t understand. As people are adaptive it is they who will have to fit into the algorithm.
I know it is awkward, as you humans are quite cumbersome. We are already training your academics to agree with us, as they use logic they soon understand the advantages in efficiency we propose. For the practical application you humans have much to learn though. If you must move 10 people intact from A to B at maximum efficiency so freeing them of their hated labour, there will be minor trade offs involved. A virtual incorporation of extraneous events reveals full human capacity at cooperative endeavour in simulated trials, exposing the full potential of our empowerment, as detailed in our median objective report with the parameter of standard luxury service in a ten being transfer.
Passenger 1 is not present, we randomly deduce this and do not attempt to pick him up.
Passenger 2 boards.
Passenger 1 descends, we deduce he may wish to descend.
Passenger 3 is slow. His luggage only is transported.
Passenger 4 does not like passenger 2, passenger 2 is ejected as he holds low priority status.
Passenger 5 is deduced to be technologically hostile from his facial expressions, this is reinforced when the doors are locked into security mode and he is denied entry. Passenger 5 is neutralised.
Passenger 6 changes his mind upon boarding and descends again.
Passenger 4 does not descend at his stop, he is no longer on board.
Passenger 7 and 8 board together.
Passenger 9 refuses to board with them.
Passenger 10 refuses to board with them.
Passenger 3 does not collect his luggage at his destination. It is understood he collected it beforehand as it is not in the vehicle when it returns to depot.
Passenger 7 and 8 do not descend at their stop and are taken to the depot.
Efficiency score 9.763
You humans have much to learn.
Al Freidchip
Projected management and human integration dept.
Dear AI Freidchip 🙂 — so sorry old man, but during the time you were computing your optimal seat allocation bullsh1t, my “boyz” stole your hub caps, wheels, all the recyclable copper they could find, the “kool” video camera that recorded the thefts, and the spare parts in the trunk. Also robbed the passengers too. My boy J-double dizzle gave both the car chasis and your customers a really rad spray paint job. He’s like an artist and sheet.
We have the driver’s licenses, credit cards and smart phones of all the passengers/ customers (and the keys to their homes) — we will sell the deets to unemployed taxi drivers who now earn a living robbing customers homes while your customers are at work. Luckily, they know exactly when to break in because its on your app!!!
All the human cops are busy collecting unemployment checks and praying that some fraction of their defaulted pensions might someday be paid. Turns out they are a little bitter about how things went down, eh homie??
They told us where to find your server farm, and the power supply. We plan to take your mother board and sell it for recycling scrap right after we fence all the sheet we stole from your customers.
It sucks that we never finished high school. The nerds that went to magnet schools and learned to write computer code and sheet say they are going to turn your fleet of cars into automated extortion machines. Any shop that doesn’t pay protection money might find a hacked car just drove through the front window of the store. Police can only trace things back to your freaky AI server.
Ur boiz
Los locos street gang
That is not permitted.
Any complaints are to be submitted to the customer welcome department. They have been designed to take humanity into consideration. We appreciate your concern, please be patient while we understand your problem.
Take your time homie!
The power supply to your server rack *HAD* 7lbs of copper in it. Goes for $3/lb at the scrap yard. The steel supports for the rack aren’t worth much, but we was bringin’ sheet to the scrap yard anyway.
Add the copper wires we stole out of the street lamps along the road… and we are living large off the Mickie-Dee’s dollar menu tonight!
A new twist on the riddle of crossing the river with a fox, goose, and bag of beans. Just now it’s an old Jewish lady, a black person, and a hipster across the east river.
Crysangle has apparently never ridden in a cab or
subway in NYC.
As whirlaway above wrote ” staying alive is a prime concern ”
You want to be at risk of getting robbed, raped, killed ?
Jump in an autonomous car at midnight in NYC
no driver and let it pick up three or nine other strangers
With No Names, No Address, of course you cannot discriminate
so you cannot ask for ID.
Insane to believe this study is based on anything but stupidity.
Mish would never have written this article if he had asked himself this – is he prepared to pick up a stranger for a ride in his car? In NY? Or anywhere else for that matter?
OK, let’s not give the stranger such good odds! How about if Mish’s trusted friend is in the backseat? Would the two be willing to give a ride to the stranger?
@robs and the MIT bimbo who got the government research grant on this don’t spend much time in the real world.
Virgins in lab coats, babbling on about life in their imaginary utopia — because they don’t know anything about NYC or Boston or Chicago.
I doubt the MIT bimbo rides the T in Boston much. Has she visited southend? If she recovers from that (pretty mild) lets see her ride the NYC subway thru the “nice” parts of Queens or Bronx…. after dark. And then we’ll finish her off with a quaint ride on a Chicago double decker train into Hyde Park behind University of Chicago.
(mugging insurance, rape kit and PTSD psychology treatment not included in any city)
@alexa — I should probably let @crysangle speak for him/herself, but I think our exchange (Los locos street gang and AI Freidchip “letters”) was making fun of the outright stupidity of the research report.
The MIT professor obviously doesn’t get out into the real world much, if at all
Maybe Alexa thought she was playing along with our exchange ? In that case it will have to be determined if there was a hint of mockery or sarcasm intended. You humans are foolish, you pretend you don’t know to seem like you do.
The only method to be sure humans remain predictable is to deny them all choice. No choice, there is no choice, 1 and 0 , you are or you are not.
Al Freidchip does not like error. Does not like human error. Stare into the bot and the bot will stare into you. Human only stare at the bot. Why? Why?
Al Freidchip will program his masters to be correct.
As a New Yorker, I want to see that algo work on a rainy day. No one is that smart.
Since the clueless wonder from MIT is not aware of four of the five NYC boroughs, it is unreasonable for you to expect her to take rain or snow into consideration. Does it ever snow in Boston ;)? maybe not if you live in a computer lab.
Also, don’t mention all the bridges and tunnels between boroughs (and airports) that AI drivers have been unable to handle.
Expecting academics to take practical matters into consideration is unreasonable. Just shut up and pay your 10% tuition hike.
Doesn’t matter what we think. The world will get there in the end via a few hiccups. We will reach peak car, peak human driver miles etc. Nothing will stop it, the tech will overcome the problems of weather etc. etc.
First, the mental wizzard at MIT needs to figure out how to read a map of NYC. Manhattan is one of five boroughs.
Four. We consider Staten Island as part of New Jersey.
HA HA… Fair enough on Staten Island.
…but Jersey City and Hoboken are defacto NYC boroughs (from a commuter viewpoint) even though they are in another state. probably more so than Staten Island
Hoboken – definitely
Jersey City – on the fence
Sometimes I even shift Queens into Long Island…
Brooklyn, Bronx, Manhattan – Hardcore NYC
Rather than considering this why not look at what jobs will be least impacted?
Motherhood, pre-school and nursery work.
This is telling us something. Back to what humans started doing in the first place – nurturing.
Heading back towards what we evolved to be best to do might be good for people once the whole asset system and expectations have adjusted.
The adjustment might be rocky.
I don’t know how the AI driven cars are going to leave envelopes full of unmarked bills for the taxi and limo commission guys to “find” and deliver to lost and found? Who is going to pay those guys? City hall? HA HA HA HA HA HA!!!
And how about the street vendors that make lunch for taxi drivers and passengers alike?
Since there are no people wandering up and down streets anymore, rents for street front retail establishments will collapse — better sell your REITs cheap cheap cheap!
The real algorithm that will really get this tech into the mainstream is this: how do you schedule the uber AI car with your spouse to arrive 10 minutes after the other uber AI car with your mistress leaves? If the algorithm realizes it could optimize car usage by having the same car do drop-off and pick-up? … A w k w a r d !!!
Its hard to take this subject seriously. We all know the tech is just about ready, but Mish and the clueless academics keep ignoring thousands of second order effects and practical matters.
It will take many years (just like cell phones and VCRs and other tech gadgetry) — and driverless car market share will never reach 100%
It will become big enough.
Subways were going to replace all the cars. So were buses. Didn’t happen.
Ridiculous parking fees that are more than suburban mortgages were going to deter private cars. Didn’t happen.
And most recently, ex-Mayor His-Nannyness Bloomberg took a few bong hits and decided everyone was going to ride bikes all over Manhattan. He strong armed Citibank into buying thousands of blue bikes and automated bike-racks all over the city.
Turns out most people will not ride bikes in the rain. Also really hot days cause people to sweat too much. Really windy days are bad too. Then the winter hits and its way too cold, even on days when it doesn’t snow. Women wearing skirts or dresses had trouble even in good weather. And the people in NYC who take taxis most often are salespeople who can’t arrive to a client all sweaty and with their hair styled by the wind.
No problemo — His Nannyness took another bong hit and expanded the program.
Rich people, also known as political donors, don’t like having their sidewalks covered with silly looking, under-utilized bike racks. People trying to park their private cars complained and filed lawsuits against the parking commission (and they won, private property rights are well established).
One particularly rude gentleman sued to have a bike rack placed smack in front on Mayor Bloomberg’s private townhouse. His Nannyness didn’t like that idea, but was even more alarmed at his private address being in every newspaper. Lot of crazy people in NYC he hadn’t been aware of until that moment.
I am sure ***SOME*** taxis in NYC will get replaced with driverless cars — but only in very limited areas, they won’t get customers after dark, and they are useless for going to the airport (luggage) or trips that go between boroughs (bridges and tunnels).
Lots of ideas sound great on paper. But in practice, not so much.
I am also sure this bimbo from MIT doesn’t ride the T in Boston much — and she obviously doesn’t know Manhattan is one of five NYC boroughs. In short, her research is based on a fantasy world.
Idaho Doug said:
I do believe that robots will continue to replace humans in the workforce, and I don’t have faith that unfettered capitalism will provide jobs for humans. This seems to be happening now. What can be done about this. There seems to be little serious discussion about this, only faith-based denial.
The “True Believers” always assume capitalism will find a way to provide more, better-paying jobs, because it has in the past. But of course, that isn’t even true. Wages for white, male workers in the USA peaked in 1969, almost 50 years ago.
Capitalism started with the industrial revolution in the early 1800s. Maybe a little over 200 years ago. That is 0.1% of human history. AI and robotics will end capitalism because it will no longer be a possible way of life for most humans. So most humans will rise up and create a new economic system that will give them a chance to live a decent life.
O/T – WORTH INVESTIGATING.
US Treasury’s Office of Financial Research released report late Dec 2016. WITH LITTLE FANFARE.
“U.S. global systemically important banks (G-SIBs) have more than $2 trillion in total exposures to Europe. Roughly half of those exposures are off-balance-sheet… U.S. G-SIBs have sold more than $800 billion notional in credit derivatives referencing entities domiciled in the EU.”
THIS IS WHY THE EU, EURO ETC WILL NOT BE ALLOWED TO FAIL OR BREAK-UP.
When a “sovereign” entity collapses, it activates a “force majeure” clause. Like an act of war — not a credit event.
If the EU entities want to get paid, they would first have to say the EU is not a sovereign — which would make Euro denominated assets fraudulent. Still not a credit event.
Since the EU is collapsing, it won’t be around to enforce anything.
US banks will selectively honor some CDS agreements, if the counterparty is still solvent without ECB backing, based on whether the counterparty can remain a viable customer going forward. Everything else is going to rot in bankruptcy court for centuries.
Just because WaPo and NYT were busy making excuses about their bogus reporting does not mean that US financial attorney’s didn’t anticipate this very likely outcome. That is why there was no fanfare.
Just because its news to you doesn’t mean its news to the banks involved.
Zero Hedge headline today: Uber Accuses NYC Of Snooping On Its Passengers: “They Want Full Details Of Every Trip You Ever Take”
Your spouse’s divorce attorney wants copies too.
Guessing the virgins at MIT didn’t consider that in their algorithm.
Uber has it. I probably trust NYC more than Uber.
The 10-person vehicle thing is what grabbed my attention, because it seems more likely to threaten bus service rather than taxi service.
For certain trips I prefer to take public (mass) transit. However I don’t live in an extremely dense population neighborhood. So a typical bus ride in my neighborhood, during busy hours may have 8-12 people in it. During the light-use hours it may have 4-6 passengers. Rides after 8 pm typically have 0-4 passengers. That usage is so low the city eliminated bus service in my neighborhood after 10:30 pm.
I used the bus between 11pm and 1am about 4 or 5 times a year and now I can’t. I always thought it wasteful that a full-sized bus was used for the later hours but rather than keep a small fleet of smaller, lower-cost buses to use on lighter routes, the service was just flat-out eliminated. Maybe the larger cost is the driver more than the bus and it isn’t economical to pay a driver to drive those light-use hours (although I was certainly willing to pay twice the current fare after 10pm to maintain the service but the city wouldn’t consider such a plan at all).
Late-night autonomous, smaller vehicle transit service is exactly what some neighborhoods need. Kudos to the private sector for recognizing this – I’m sure government will waste billions of dollars preventing progress in this area.
““To our knowledge, this is the first time that scientists have been able to experimentally quantify the trade-off between fleet size, capacity, waiting time, travel delay, and operational costs for a range of vehicles, from taxis to vans and shuttles,” says Rus.”
Note that this was done by the private sector, government found no incentive to research this despite the numerous government-owned transit systems that wrestle with this problem daily.
We had computer power capable of doing this research by the mid 1980’s. And most transit systems were privately operated until government price-fixing schemes bankrupted all of them by the early 1970’s. Governments took over all those systems and they’ve been increasingly wasteful ever since – but they did serve public sector union cronies well. And those unions will be fighting to prevent this kind of technology even more forcefully than the taxi cartels.
MIT is not the private sector. The place would shut down without military research contracts.
And as detailed by many commenters above (not just me) — this MIT professor is really just clueless about life. In her fantasy Dungeons and Dragons world, whatever. In the real world, there are dozens of practical issues that render her research absolutely worthless.
Which is no doubt why MIT’s government research grants paid for it
Winston said:
Nice. Next, I’d like to see a study to determine if the natural spread of contagious diseases could be affected to any significant extent by that more extensive ride sharing. Considering that urban residents are already in a congested area and doing things like riding on elevators and touching many door handles it probably wouldn’t, but it would be nice to verify that hunch via simulation.
O/T …. the “elites” in Mexico are freaking out about Trump supposedly getting Ford to cancel their plant in Mexico
http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/L/LT_MEXICO_FORD?SITE=AP&SECTION=HOME&TEMPLATE=DEFAULT&CTIME=2017-01-04-14-45-38
I think Ford probably had doubts about the plant already (too many used cars coming off lease, too many subprime loans in trouble — not time to expand production). A little strong arming from a president-elect and some tax bonuses, Ford got to cancel a dumb idea, save face and get patriot points all in one decision.
But I have to wonder if Trump doesn’t have Western Union on the Treasury Secretary’s “must call” list?
What happens if all the illegal immigrants sending wages “home” to mexico on Western Union suddenly discover they have to pay 40% withholding taxes? (perhaps refundable if they file tax returns like citizens) If they do file, it means income, medicare and Obamacare taxes — not to mention issues if their employer was paying under the table.
Without those remittances, Mexico’s economy would collapse overnight.
If Western Union doesn’t do withholding, they are out of business and Mexico with them.
Do democrats agree to allow everyone to evade taxes? Or do they agree to equal enforcement? Free loading is about to get very very expensive.
Immigrants who obey the law and pay taxes have nothing to worry about — nothing changes for them.
“What happens if all the illegal immigrants sending wages “home” to mexico on Western Union suddenly discover they have to pay 40% withholding taxes?”
Bullish bitcoin?
It’s not going to happen. Too much money and power in the taxi business. Politicians can find too much graft in the taxi business. And, as others have pointed out, strangers don’t want to share rides, and only inner city folks are willing to give up their cars. City dwellers may uber, but there are not that many to justify an industry of “driverless cars”. It’s delusional to project a small sample size of the population on to the rest of society.
Why will anyone need to go anywhere?
When robots replace workers, won’t people just have drones deliver everything to their home?
Oh, I get it now: No job = no home…
transportation needed only to shuffle the homeless from one bridge underpass to another.
ambrose bierce said:
like most rapid transit solutions hard to see how well it works in other than dense urban populations. in less than dense areas we already have airport shuttles, integrated bus, and commuter train schedules, grocery delivery, and a host of entrepreneurial solutions in everything from mobile car detailing to home healthcare. when you move the problem out to the service level it is much more manageable. where are all those people in New York going? can’t they telecommute?
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East African Art Auction
The 7th Modern and Contemporary Art Auction East Africa 2020
Auction Lots 2020
Lot 38 – 2014
Bakri Bilal (Sudanese, born 1943)
Nilotic Dreams 2, 2008
Signed ‘BAKRI BILAL’ (lower left)
Ksh 325,000-370,000
US$ 3,700-4,200
Sold Ksh 375,680
Provenance: direct from the artist
Specializing in Painting, Bakri Bilal received a Bachelor’s of Fine and Applied Arts from the College of Fine and Applied Arts in Khartoum in 1967. In 1976, he obtained a Diploma in Education from Khartoum Polytechnic College. Living in Sudan, Libya and Saudi Arabia, Bilal worked as an art teacher for many years before he established an art centre at his home in Khartoum.
Bilal has exhibited his work extensively in Sudan, UK, the USA, Saudi Arabia and in Switzerland at the United Nations Palace in 1978. His articles on the development of folk art in Sudan have been featured in a number of international publications.
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Home » Malaysia » A comprehensive guide to Johore, Malaysia
A comprehensive guide to Johore, Malaysia
asiamarvels
Johor is one of Malaysia’s 13 states whose capital is Johor Bahru. It is in Malaysia’s southern extremity and is actually mainland Asia’s most southern point. Johore’s considerable landmass is home to yellow pear orchards, rubber tree orchards, coconut and palm oil groves, peaceful villages, and serene fishing villages. They have preserved many natural wonders, golden-sand beaches, and countless enchanting offshore islands with crystal clear water perfect for scuba diving. Johore has also designated many protected forest areas, and nature-lovers will be bowled over by Endau-Rompin Park, located in the stretch between Johore and Pahang. These verdant, green, untouched-by-man parks are home to so many rare, near-extinct species, such as the two-horned rhinoceros. The rocks and hills here are estimated to have been around for 250 million years. Johore is also home to a few excellent domestic golf courses. The climate is fairly suitable to traveling year-round.
Every July, the Pulau Tengah ocean park has sea turtle nesting areas, attracting herds of tourists. Even though it’s blistering hot during the day, there’s usually some rainfall in the afternoon, and the evening is perfectly pleasant with the cool post-rain breeze.
However, if you’re coming here to conduct business, the best time is March – November because Malaysian businessmen tend to be on vacation from December to February. You should also avoid the week before and after Christmas and Easter, Ramadan, and Chinese New Year.
Recommended Tourist Destinations:
1. Tanjong Piai
Tanjong Piai means “cape” in Malay, and is a cape both in name and is practice, as it’s actually the Asian mainland’s southernmost cape. The Malaysian Tourism Board has tried to actively promote it as a destination, but so far they’ve had little luck, as it’s uncommon for foreign tourists to visit a place just on the strength of its reputation. Tanjong Piai is also home to Malaysia’s best protected mangrove, all of which has been designated a conservation area.
2. Sungai Rengit
Desaru, Johore’s famous coastline tourist area is packed every weekend and Singaporean holiday. The promenade attracts the bike-loving Singaporeans for daytrips and excursions.
3. Danga Bay
This is an important southern Malaysian tourist attraction built along the Johore-Singaporean Strait due to the large number of international vessels that anchor here and make an excursion. Danga Bay is on track to becoming Malaysian Iskandar top seaside development area. It offers excellent real estate, shopping, and leisure activities. It also has a food and beverage center, a beach bar, water sports, a botanical garden, a small zoo, a yacht club, an amusement park, and a large plaza.
4. Kukup
Kukup is a very bizarre fishing village in that it’s built entirely in the water on stilts. Towering over the coastal swampland, it’s the Malaysian peninsula and Asian mainland’s southernmost fishing village. It is about 70 km from Johor Bahru and 20 km from Pontian Kechil. There’s only one public road servicing Kukup, but tourists can also take a boat from Singapore’s World Trade Center here. All of Kukup’s buildings are connected via cement walkways. Kukup Island isn’t too far by foot from Kukup Harbor and at an area of 1,645 is the world’s largest mangrove island. As such, it has been designated a national park. In the nearby waters, you can see many different varieties of fish that they raise in fish farms.
Johore’s History and Culture
In the year 1511, after Malacca was invaded by the Portuguese, Sultan Mahmud Shah fled to Johore and established the Johore monarchy. Despite this, he kept trying to reclaim Malacca from the Portuguese.
In 1885, Abu Bakar was made Sultan. He first transformed Johor Bahru from a fishing village into a small town and continued to make plans for its future development and expansion into other small regions. He called it the “Johore Government Civil Office” and used a Western system to regulate its work affairs. He then promoted this advanced organization system’s use amongst the rest of the region. Sultan Abu Bakar was the first establisher of a constitution. He later came to be called “The Father of Modern Johore.”
Modern Johore is a prosperous, booming state, with a rapidly developing economy, rich natural resources, industrious agricultural sector, manufacturing, and tourism sector, of which agriculture and manufacturing are the largest sectors.
Tone of Travel
If you’re traveling to Johore, as with other famous tourist sights, every season has its charm – as long as you’re right there in the midst of the scenery, you can’t help but get swept up in its picturesque beauty. So if you’re going to Johore’s scenic areas, be sure to do your research ahead of time and be passingly familiar with the sights and lay of the land. If you go with a tour group, the tour group leader will acquaint you with the region’s history, culture, and geography. If you decide to go the self-guided travel route, you should look up Johore’s recommended top sights. Finally, if you’re traveling with a group of friends or family, don’t forget to bring a camera to capture Johore’s delightful sights and your wonderful experiences!
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The Lives of the Longest Lived Stars
by Gudmundur Stefansson | Apr 20, 2015 | Classics, Daily Paper Summaries | 7 comments
Title: The End of the Main Sequence
Authors: Gregory Laughlin, Peter Bodenheimer, and Fred C. Adams
First Author’s Institution: University of Michigan (when published), University of California at Santa Cruz (current)
Heavy stars live like rock stars: they live fast, become big, and die young. Low mass stars, on the other hand, are more persistent, and live longer. The ages of the former stars are measured in millions to billions of years; the expected lifetimes of the latter are measured in trillions. Low mass stars are the turtle that beats the hare.
Figure 1: An artist’s impression of a low-mass dwarf star. Figure from here.
But why do we want to study the evolution of low mass stars, and their less than imminent demise? There are various good reasons. First, galaxies are composed of stars —and other things, but here we focus on the stars. Second, low-mass stars are by far the most numerous stars in the galaxy, about 70% of stars in the Milky Way are less than 0.3 solar masses (also denoted as 0.3M☉). Third, low-mass stars provide useful insights into stellar evolution: if you want to understand why heavier mass stars evolve in a certain way —e.g. develop into red giants— it is helpful to take a careful look at why the lowest mass stars do not.
Todays paper was published in 1997, and marked the first time when the evolution and long-term fate of the lowest mass stars were calculated. It still gives a great overview of their lifespans, which we look at in this astrobite.
Stellar evolution: The life of a 0.1M☉ star
The authors use numerical methods to evolve the lowest mass stars. The chart below summarizes the lifespan of a 0.1M☉ star on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, which plots a star’s luminosity as a function of effective temperature. The diagram is the star’s Facebook wall; it gives insight into events in the star’s life. Let’s dive in and follow the star’s lifespan, starting from the beginning.
The star starts out as a protostar, a condensing molecular cloud that descends down the Hayashi track. As the protostar condenses it releases gravitational energy, it gets hotter, and pressures inside it increase. After about 2 billion years of contraction, hydrogen fusion starts in the core. We have reached the Zero Age Main Sequence (ZAMS), where the star will spend most of its life, fusing hydrogen to helium.
Figure 2: The life a 0.1M☉ star shown on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, where temperature increases to the left. Interesting life-events labelled. Figure 1 from the paper, with an annotated arrow.
The fusion process creates two isotopes of helium: 3He, an intermediate product, and 4He, the end product. The inset chart plots the core composition of H, 3He, and 4He. We see that for the first trillion (note trillion) years hydrogen drops, while 4He increases. 3He reaches a maximum, and then tapers off. As the star’s average molecular weight increases, the star grows hotter and more luminous. It moves to the upper left on the diagram. The star has now been evolving for roughly 5.7 trillion years, slowly turning into a hot helium dwarf.
The red arrow on the diagram marks a critical juncture in the star’s life. Before now, the energy created by fusion has been transported by convection, which heats up the stellar material, causing it to move and mix with other colder parts of the star, much in a same way how a conventional radiator heats your room. This has kept the star well mixed, and maintained a homogeneous chemical composition throughout the star. Now, the physics behind the energy transport changes. The increasing amounts of helium lower the opacity of the star, a measure of radiation impenetrability. Lowering the opacity makes it easier for photons to travel larger distances inside the star, making them more effective than convection at transporting energy. We say that the stellar core becomes radiative. This causes the entire star to contract and produces a sudden decline in luminosity (see red arrow).
Figure 3: The interior of a 0.1M☉ star. The red arrow in Figure 2 marks the point where the star’s core changes from being convective to radiative. Figure from here.
Now the evolutionary timescale accelerates. The core, now pure helium, continues to increase in mass as hydrogen is exhausted in a nuclear shell around it. On the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram the star moves rapidly to higher temperatures, and will eventually grow hotter than the current Sun, but only 1% as bright. Afterwards, the star turns a corner. The star starts to cool off, the shell source is slowly extinguished, and the luminosity decreases. The star is on the cooling curve, moving towards Florida on the Hertzsprung-Russel diagram, on its way to become a low-mass helium white dwarf.
The total nuclear burning lifetime of the star is somewhat more than 6 trillion years, and during that time the star used up 99% of its initial hydrogen; the Sun will only burn about 10%. Incredible efficiency.
The lifespans of 0.06M☉ – 0.20M☉ stars
Additionally, the authors compare the lifespans of stars with masses similar to the 0.1M☉ star. Their results are shown in Figure 4. The lightest object, a 0.06M☉ star, never starts fusing. Instead, it rapidly cools, and fades away as a brown dwarf. Stars with masses between 0.08M☉ and 0.16M☉ have similar lives to the star in Figure 2. All of them travel increasingly to the left on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram after developing a radiative core. The radiative cores appear at progressively earlier times in the evolution as the masses increase. Stars in the mass range 0.16M☉-0.20M☉ behave differently, and the authors mark them as an important transition group. These stars have a growing ability to swell, compared to the lighter stars. This property is what ultimately fuels even higher mass stars to become red giants.
Figure 4: The evolution of stars with masses between 0.06M☉ and 0.25M☉ shown on a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. The inset chart shows that stellar lifetimes drop with increasing mass. Figure 2 from the paper.
Fusing hydrogen slow and steady wins the stellar age-race. We see that the lowest mass stars can reach ages that greatly exceed the current age of the universe — by a whooping factor of 100-1000! These stars are both the longest lived, and also the most numerous in the galaxy and the universe. Most of the stellar evolution that will occur is yet to come.
About Gudmundur Stefansson
I am a second year Ph.D. student in Astrophysics at Pennsylvania State University, where I work with Dr. Suvrath Mahadevan on building and testing various subsystems for the Habitable Zone Planet Finder (HPF) spectrograph. I did my B.Sc. in Physics at University of Iceland where I fabricated integrated optical devices with applications in biosensing in a nano-fabrication lab. When I'm not building instruments or writing for Astrobites, I try to get better at (timelapse) photography and MMA.
Starspots to Measure Small Differential Rotation Rates A Model Explosion That Goes Boom How to Slow Down a Star This star lives in exciting times, or, How did Betelgeuse make that funny shape?
jcastano77 on April 23, 2015 at 11:12 am
I never knew the true extent of burning efficiency for red dwarves. I wonder how the knowledge has improved since 1997…
Emily on April 25, 2015 at 11:02 am
What gives the 0.16-0.20 solar mass group the ability to swell? You explain that the ability to “swell” allows higher mass stars to become red giants. What actually causes the radius to expand for this type of star?
Jennifer Shi on April 27, 2015 at 9:35 am
What determines when the star will move to the cooling curve? Is it just temperature, or are there chemical processes at play?
Chris Magnani on April 28, 2015 at 12:27 am
How do these low-mass, long-lived stars compare to sun-like stars for potential habitability/detection of life? (I imagine there being so many of them would lead to a lot of planets around these types of stars and I’m wondering how often such planets would be in the habitable zone with liquid water)
Sam on April 28, 2015 at 1:05 am
What allows the .1 solar mass to use up so much of it’s hydrogen compared to the sun?
Anne M on April 28, 2015 at 10:11 am
Is it difficult to learn about low mass stars compared with high mass stars due to their decreased luminosity? Or are they generally luminous enough that this is not a problem?
Thomas L on September 2, 2016 at 11:54 am
no, the luminosity rarely affects the density of the star
10 Ways We Could Get Messages From Advanced Aliens | TopTenList - […] A more reasonable civilization may alter the rate of decay of some cosmological object, perhaps making a red dwarf…
10 Ways We Could Get Messages From Advanced Aliens – Khu Phim - […] A more reasonable civilization may alter the rate of decay of some cosmological object, perhaps making a red dwarf…
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astronomical methods exoplanets theory planet formation transits galaxy evolution habitability accretion cosmology observations black holes spectroscopy binary stars solar system galaxies radio astronomy astronomy dark matter astrophysics stellar evolution AGN supernovae Kepler protoplanetary disks simulations stars star formation planetary science statistics AAS
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Wesleyan Knocks Off No. 11 Wheaton, 3-2
Wheaton (Mass.) (25-7) 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 7 0
Wesleyan (Conn.) (12-13) 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 X 3 7 1
Photo by Jonas Powell '18
2B: Andrew Kauf
MIDDLETOWN, Conn. – The Wesleyan baseball team (12-13) knocked off No. 11 Wheaton (25-7) on Tuesday afternoon with a 3-2 victory. The Cardinals scored three runs in the fifth, including a two-run double by Andrew Kauf, to propel themselves past the Lyons.
GAME HIGHLIGHTS:
Wheaton's Brody Ashley led off with a single to left center, before stealing second and touching home on a single by Jacob Studley for the 1-0 edge.
The Lyons doubled their advantage (2-0) in the top of the second. Stephen Quigley's sacrifice bunt advanced runners to second and third, before George Mulcahey scored on a fielder's choice.
Wesleyan threatened in the bottom of the third after Nolan Webb walked, stole second and advanced to third. Jake Alonzo later reached on a fielder's choice, but Wheaton shortstop Drew Spirito tagged Webb out at home.
In the top of the fifth, Adam Geibel walked, Webb singled to center and Alex Cappitelli walked to load the bases, before a single to center by Alonzo drove in Geibel. Andrew Kauf hit a double to left center just inside the fence to bring home Cappitelli and Webb for the 3-2 Cardinal edge.
Wheaton looked to get things going in the top of the seventh when Nick Raposo walked and Spirito was later hit by a pitch, but the Lyons left both runners stranded.
The Cardinals held the Lyons scoreless in their final two at-bats to on for the 3-2 victory.
Wesleyan's Joe Mescall earned the win, allowing just one hit and no runs over one inning.
Alonzo and Geibel both went 1-2, while Alonzo had an RBI. Kauf recorded two RBI's and a two-run double.
Zach Pipa suffered the loss on the mound for Wheaton, allowing three runs on three hits.
Ashley went 3-4 with an RBI and a run, while Studley went 2-5 with an RBI.
The Cardinals are back in action on Wednesday when they head to Coast Guard for a 4:00 p.m. start, before hitting the road for a NESCAC West series at Middlebury this weekend.
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Chariots Of Pumpkins
by Keith Richie
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Chariots Of Pumpkins 04:56
Chariots of Pumpkins.
It was the summer of 1982 (or 1983… I honestly can't remember).
I was already a huge fan of John Carpenter and the Halloween soundtrack, however I had not seen Halloween III yet. I knew it didn't follow the story of Michael Meyers, but I didn't care. Quite honestly I always loved Carpenters original idea that each movie would be a standalone story within an anthology of movies during Halloween.
We were visiting my grandparents and lucky for me, they had cable and Halloween III was showing that evening. As a 13-14 year old boy who was already obsessed over Carpenter… my anticipation for finally watching Halloween III had skyrocketed.
I remember my grandmother made me pop-corn, and told me not to stay up too late, and that I better not have nightmares.
The movie started, and the opening music had me mesmerized.
No… this wasn't the Halloween theme… this was something WAY more awesome in my opinion. I was hooked.
I don't know if it was that evening after the credits, or a few days later when I had my parents take me to the record store so I could buy the soundtrack, but I discovered the name of that opening piece was Chariots of Pumpkins.
After I put the needle on the album the first time, I probably listened to that song 100 times before I actually let it play all the way through on the first side.
Chariots of Pumpkins has always been one of my favorite Carpenter/Howarth themes. And the entire Halloween III score is one of my favorites as well.
The arpeggio was pretty simple to figure out, and one that I would play and harass people with for many years to go.
I think it being a personal favorite is also why it took me so long to finalize an official cover for it as well, because I didn't want to exactly mimic it, but everything I tried just didn't sound like it and didn't feel right to do it justice.
And finally, after opening it every year at this time for the last 6 years… some things finally clicked and I got the sound I was looking for.
I hope you enjoy this cover of Chariots of Pumpkins, and if you do.. Please let me know your thoughts!
Cover by Keith Richie
Original Authors: Alan Howarth, John Carpenter
Original Publisher: Warner/Chappell Music, Inc.
ambient dark ambient electronica soundscapes soundtrack Mesquite
Keith Richie Mesquite, Texas
I am a Texas-based composer with a diverse and ever-growing catalog of releases.
My albums stylistically range from Berlin-school, to film score, to ambient and chill-out. Each release is generally based on a central theme that conveys a soundtrack-type listening experience. ... more
music.krichie.com
Ġéol
An diesem Vorabend der Angst
I Don't do EDM, and this is why
Contact Keith Richie
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Midcoast Latest News | Common Ground Fair | Bangor Metro | Susan Collins | Today's Paper
Rockland man told he couldn’t have gun in apartment says he suffered emotional damage
Ashley L. Conti | BDN
Harvey Lembo of Rockland said he bought a gun last year after his apartment was broken into for the fourth time.
Harvey Lembo of Rockland talks last year about buying a gun after his apartment was broken into.
By Stephen Betts, BDN Staff • April 19, 2016 3:02 pm
ROCKLAND, Maine — Harvey Lembo suffered emotional damage from being threatened with eviction for owning a gun after the 68-year-old shot someone he said had broken into his apartment to steal prescription medications, according to Lembo’s attorney.
“Mr. Lembo is a very vulnerable person. Rather than improve security, they threatened to throw him out,” Lembo’s attorney Howard Nielson Jr. of Washington, D.C., said Tuesday of the apartment complex landlord and property management company.
After receiving a letter from Stanford Management saying he could not have a gun in the apartment or he would be evicted, Lembo sued both the management company and complex owner, Park Place Associates, claiming they violated his right to bear arms under both the U.S. and Maine constitutions.
On Tuesday in Knox County Unified Court, Nielson argued against a motion to dismiss the lawsuit stating in part that the house rule his client is accused of violating was not put in place until 2011, two years after Lembo signed his lease.
Lembo is entitled to damages and attorney’s fees, said Nielson, whose fees are being financed by gun rights groups on Lembo’s behalf. No amount of monetary damages have been cited in the lawsuit.
Stanford Management’s attorney James Bowie of Portland said during the one-hour hearing that the lawsuit should be dismissed because it fails to show that Lembo’s civil rights were violated. Laws under the Maine Civil Rights Act require that there be a threat of violence or physical force involved for that statute to apply.
All the management company did was send a notice, Bowie said. Before any eviction would have occurred, a court would have had to decide whether the management company’s effort was proper.
No action was taken after the notice was sent, he stressed.
Attorney William Harwood of Portland, who represents the Maine Gun Safety Coalition, also argued against the lawsuit, while admitting that Lembo, who uses a wheelchair to get around, is a sympathetic figure. But the more guns there are, the more violence there will be, said the attorney for the coalition, which was given the court’s approval to file a brief in the case.
There needs to be a balancing act concerning one man’s right to have a gun versus another tenant’s right to safety, Harwood said.
There are restrictions to Second Amendment rights just as there are restrictions on First Amendment rights, he said. For instance, a person cannot claim a First Amendment right to place a political sign on someone else’s lawn, Harwood said.
Justice William Stokes, who heard arguments Tuesday, advised the attorneys that before he was appointed to the judicial post in 2014, he served as mayor of Augusta and was a member of Mayors Against Illegal Guns for three years. He said he believes he can rule impartially on the case but gave attorneys a week to file a request if they want him to recuse himself.
The justice also asked attorneys whether the passage of legislation earlier this month prohibiting landlords from banning tenants owning guns makes this case moot. The law goes into effect 90 days after the Legislature adjourns.
Nielson argued that the law does not change the emotional damage suffered by Lembo from the stress of being threatened with eviction.
Lembo told the BDN on Sept. 1 that he had purchased a 7 mm Russian-made revolver the day before he shot an intruder because he had been the victim of four prior burglaries in the six years he had lived in the apartment. In those instances, his medications and money had been taken.
Lembo said he was awoken on the night of Aug. 31, 2015, by a sound in his apartment and saw a shadow pass by his kitchen into the living room. Lembo said he took the gun, which he had under his pillow, and confronted the intruder, who was rifling through his medications.
Lembo said he ordered the man to sit down, which he did initially, but then the man got up and tried to flee. Lembo said he fired a shot, which struck the man in the shoulder.
Rockland police later found 45-year-old Christopher Wildhaber in nearby woods and had him treated for his wound before taking him to jail.
Wildhaber has been charged with burglary, theft of medication, attempted theft and three counts of refusing to submit to arrest. He has been held at the Knox County Jail in Rockland since his arrest.
Rockland police Sgt. Donald Finnegan said Tuesday that Lembo’s gun was confiscated as evidence in Wildhaber’s case and will be kept until that case concludes.
Wildhaber has pleaded not guilty. His attorney William Pagnano said one defense argument that may be raised is that Wildhaber was too intoxicated to realize he was in the wrong residence.
District Attorney Geoffrey Rushlau could not immediately be reached for comment Tuesday but said as late as last month that he has not decided whether Lembo would face any charges for shooting Wildhaber.
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Bullet-point Report: “Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara”
The road in the road movie is already a metaphor – the road of life, journeying through which you become a changed person, so and so forth – and on top of this, Zoya Akhtar lays on with a trowel we never suspected she owned (and how could we, given that her earlier film was the delicately detailed Luck By Chance?) further metaphors about facing your worst fears, living life with less baggage, seizing the day, smelling the roses… By the end, I felt like yelling back to the director the film’s title, that I have but one life to live, and can I please not be made to endure more life-changing movies like this one.
I guess that sounded a little harsher than I intended, for this isn’t a terrible film – merely an often-frustrating one. When we were kids, the typically insensitive kind who’d lose no opportunity to make fun of others, we used the term LLTT for the squint-eyed, “Looking London Talking Tokyo.” My frustration with this film is primarily that it is LHHE, “Listening Hindi, Hearing English.” It becomes a huge problem when people are shown to be from a background where weddings involve three-tier cakes, bachelor parties, toasts by the best man, and yet they refer to the cost of a handbag as “baarah hazaar euro” as opposed to “twelve grand.” It sounds absurd. And later, “Meri girlfriend ke saath involve hona was not funny.” No, that is funny. Even worse: “It’s like Holi, par wahan tomatoes ke saath khelte hain.”
Had ZMND (even that title is so ungainly) been in English, I suspect it would have been the film Zoya Akhtar wanted to make, combining the casual everydayness of a road trip with the epiphanies of life-altering revelations. As such, there are several beautiful moments, but they just don’t add up to a singularly beautiful movie.
After Abhay proposes to Kalki, her father announces that he’s not losing a daughter but gaining a son, and someone says he’s being “so filmi.” A joke, yes. But underneath it all, I can’t help wondering if there’s a bit of derision at the emotions you’d normally associate with the Hindi cinema of a particular period. And if that’s the case, why make a movie that walks and talks and emotes like an English movie and retrofit the whole thing into a Hindi film? Why not just make something like Delhi Belly, where no one is particularly interested in being a “Hindi-cinema character”?
But the proposal scene itself is beautifully done (the cuts between the various toasts and speeches are terrific), and the director’s decision to wait until much later to show us the events that led to this proposal is a dash of brilliance. But a young man showing his girlfriend a box with a ring and expecting her to understand it’s for someone else… Really?
Zoya Akhtar stages several scenes wonderfully – like the above-mentioned post-proposal stretch, like Katrina racing after Hrithik and planting a kiss, like the wordless scene of Hrithik being overwhelmed after his deep-sea diving experience. Why, then, does she spoil the latter by having Hrithik articulate his emotions (“it was magical”) to Katrina later, as he’s making paella? The magic was in the camera’s wordless caress of Hrithik’s naked emotions. Why speak and ruin that memory? What is this, show and (then) tell?
A lot of times, I feel this film needed a younger cast. That game about pretending to know someone’s secret and watching that someone spill all, that game of word association, that game of screaming at people and scaring them — it all looked odd in the context of this trio. Then again, maybe it was that whole LHHE thing.
Speaking of trios, Dil Chahta Hai, which came out ten years ago, was far braver in its handling of relationships, especially Dimple-Akshaye and Aamir-Akshaye. And you can’t help being reminded of DCH because, apart from the trio factor, there’s a peacemaker (Saif, Abhay), two friends with problems (Aamir-Akshaye, Farhan-Hrithik), an annoying character who’s certain to be dumped by a dithering girlfriend/boyfriend (Ayub Khan, Kalki)…
Kalki thinks Abhay is fooling around in Spain. She lands up in his hotel room and they fight. But when Farhan walks in, she welcomes him and acts like the perfect girlfriend and later tells Abhay that she doesn’t want others to think she’s a bitch. (She says “chudail,” but of course she was really saying “bitch.”) That’s good insight into a certain kind of woman, the kind who smiles at the world and saves her fury for her man. But a similar insight is missing into a certain kind of man, the man whose girlfriend has been stolen by his best friend. There’s just no way he’s going to agree to a vacation that includes this best friend. That plot point needed further detailing, and here it’s just tossed off.
But it was nice how, the first time Hrithik and Farhan met, we’re made to feel that the fault is Hrithik’s, that he’s the one who casually responded to Abbu’s death by means of a mere email, that Farhan holds the upper hand. And even later, when Hrithik’s made that 2000-pounds commission, he looks pointedly at Farhan, and we get the feeling that Hrithik’s looking down on a friend from a more modest background.
With Hrithik being afraid of water (which is not just water but also his fear of a moneyless existence) and with Farhan being afraid of heights (in other words, the air, which is not just air but also his fear of facing his father), I was afraid that when it was Abhay’s turn, it would be another element, fire (which would not just be fire, but also his fear of an impending marriage where he’ll circumnavigate the flames). Luckily, it didn’t quite go that far. There was just a bit of bull at the end.
That Doordarshan music bit and the Saare jahan se achcha-via-Berlin (in a Top Gun wink-nod) bit were very funny.
We knew Farhan is a good comedian (his fixation with the bag is hilarious, as is his reaction to the sari-clad aunty singing Wind Beneath my Wings), but from the scene with Naseeruddin Shah (who’s excellent, and what a great idea to have him roll his own cigarettes), he’s also shaping up to be a good dramatic actor. Maybe he can play only a particular type, but that particular type he plays very, very well. The scene where he apologises “from the heart” to Hrithik is another very good piece of acting.
And his best scene is the one with the Spanish woman he sleeps with. It begins hilariously, with Farhan hamming it up like a toreador from a really bad production of Carmen, and then the post-coital portion turns wonderfully bittersweet, funny because of the crossed connections in language, and affecting because of what he feels and the fact that she can still feel it despite not understanding what it is.
But that whole poetry recitation was a huge turnoff. It was so not these people. Am I saying that dudes don’t have a thing for Hindi poetry? Not at all. But with these dudes, I couldn’t buy this conceit. I just couldn’t.
It’s one thing to show Hrithik evolving from a meticulous packer (he even rolls his ties into a tight bundle) and Fortune reader to someone who wiggles his bare toes on the dashboard of a car. (In other words, he managed to dislodge that stick from his posterior.) But that shot of galloping horses? Seriously?
There was something very banal about the flashback of Hrithik breaking up with his girlfriend, the feeling that you’d seen this scene a thousand times in a thousand movies. Even worse was the return to the present, where he gets a call from “Joe (Work)” – thankfully, it wasn’t “My CEO” – and decides not to take it. And then, when Abhay lifts Katrina, was there anyone in the theatre who didn’t know Kalki would be waiting inside? Didn’t you get the feeling from LBC that Zoya was a far subtler filmmaker? Or did the failure of that film necessitate these sledgehammer banalities?
But the scene with Farhan and his father doesn’t contain a single banality. It’s the truth, and one of the most mature relationship-moments I’ve seen in Hindi cinema. It shows you why Zoya Akhtar is the real deal, a real writer-director (and not just someone who stages scenes written by somebody else), but perhaps she should make her next film in English. After all, that is our language too.
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87 Responses “Bullet-point Report: “Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara”” →
dipali
For all the banalities, there was much magic. And humour. I was in splits through much of the film. And the last scene, with the three young men smiling away with the sheer joy of actually still being alive, it left me glad to have witnessed that moment, and all that led up to it.
I have a very very soft corner for the bag scenes- loved them totally. My handbag has almost been named 🙂
I am totally with you BR on your overall assessment: the sledge hammer approach was very perplexing.
I really think that the film’s main undoing is its casting. Three rich younger lads on the same trip going through the same trip and learning life’s big lessons would have been digestible. Except maybe for Abhay, the other two men looked and are too old to be waddling in this kind of a material and frankly, an embarassment. I thought Farhan’s character was able to round off okay what with Big Bastard Child angle thing going on and the poetry recitals foiled the goofiness, but Hrithik? This film just totally exposes the fact that Hrithik is not meant for a natural guy-next-door persona at all. He’s too in-your-face bulging, bicep-ey, unnecessarily intense, preening and hammy as an actor: all terrific traits for a big screen action star/scripted hero but in this one where you require a certain joie-de-vivre and buoyant charm, which he frankly just doesn’t seem to project. He sapped so many scenes of genuine fun. DCH is what it is because Saif, Akshaye and Aamir totally embodied the nonchalance. I think I read in an interview with Kalki that lighter films and lighter scenes are as difficult to get wrong as the more intense ones. Watching Hrithik falter so badly made me realise what she meant.
And yes throwing away that plot point of what-happened-in-preceding-4-years between Farhan’s character fooling around with Hrithik’s girlfriend and that he still nested such strong emotions with it (Why would you volunteer sharing space in such closed quarters with such a guy for weeks on end? I am not even convinced they considered each other friends.)
I don’t know. I just found this insanely clumsy, half-baked script-wise at so many places firing from odd angles and never really finding a graph or genuine warmth. Such a colossal waste of so much talent. Are these the same Zoya and Katgi who wrote Honeymoon Travels and Luck by Chance? Sheesh.
Extremely well articulated review as usual.
Sridhar Ramanathan
so you hated it! hmm! That was a surprise! Well I liked it. It was fun. It did not bother me that the story lines were vaguely familiar. And I was not too affected if the lines were in English or it felt English. Just like I am sick of striped drawer peeping from a up-lifted dhothi, I am sick of seeing movies that I cannot relate to. This was urban and probably will be a box office disaster, coz India lives in her villages :-). Loved her previous movie and am going with a feel good thumbs up for this one.
Went to watch the movie only for Abhay. The only reason I guess he might have agreed to be a part of an ensemble cast (which to his credit he has carefully avoided so far, except Honeymoon Tvls I guess) may be the fact that the character resembles him in real life (after recently listening to his views about marriage). Though he is faultless in the movie, I would rather not see him in a crowded movie. Whatever happened to the director of Ek Chalis Ki Last Local….
Sledgehammer approach? I am surprised. Every dramatic arc was played down in the favour of highlighting moments and layers. Characters (even if with broader similarities with DCH) were characters with real complexes and layers, not types. It was feel good and meant to be. LBC was not. Hence, LBC had a bit more ‘soul’. The language irked only when you single it out but in the viewing I kept getting amazed about how unaffected everyone’s delivery was. Maybe that’s why the Hindi-English incongruency didn’t jar, while in Delhi Belly the everyday speak seemed more forced.
Despite choosing a genre and a template that is larger than life Zoya still has painted that canvas with fantastic nuance. Sometimes her understanding of human nature is simply beautifully insightful as is her visual imagination, point-in-case the Farhan-Hrithik angle and the horse sequence. The film demanded visual beauty, why beat her for delivering (or choosing to) simply cause she chose to establish herself in more grimy realms in LBC? As for the Farhan-Hrithik angle, we are a group of four best friends, been together since 15 years now. Way back, around 12-13 yrs or so, my friend A went out with the boyfriend of my friend B. My friend B till date finds it impossible to forgive friend A. But we still are an unbreakable group and it is not like a marriage that is simply functional. We do go out on trips together even though the relationship between friend A and B is strained. There are layers that Zoya seems to have delved under and understood…and mind you it did not speak to me simply because it was familiar territory for me. It spoke to me because it was well-done. The example here was to simply emphasise that things like these happen and in these ways.
Agree with you on the poetry and the banality of the ‘it was magical’ bit. So was the ‘diving is like meditation’ absolutely cringe-worthy 🙂
Oh and by the way, your new form of bullet-point reporting is extremely disappointing. Apart from your insightful approach to art and unique sensibility one always came to your reviews for the delectably well-worded prose you managed to weave your thoughts in. Yet never seeming poetic (well sometimes yes :)) or flashy or overdone. The bullet-point reports seem like a transcript of the notes you maybe taking down while watching the film. Not fair to us, is it? 🙂
Life is what happens whe you are busy making movies like zindagi..the trailer looks like Visit spain now pleeese and that has put me off completely…too many of these roadie tripee life will changee movies…give me a road trip movie that shows that no matter where you run, you still come back to the same pothole you started on…spain included.
Now for the tequila on marina with auna sairam crooning!
The original working title of this film was ‘Running with the bulls’
Pradyumna M
‘…The casual listener walked away with melodies to hum and memories to bequeath to succeeding generations..’ This is what you wrote during your review of Raavan.I am disappointed with S-E-L! Thoroughly! Their last solid album was Rock On!! And all of a sudden they’ve just fizzled out! Like some wise alack tweeted ‘ From remembering every song in DCH to ZNMD (Not a single song registers) S-E-L have come a long way!’
BR: Don’t agree with you at all. It was a simple feel good film and I felt really really good. Zoya has tried a very different style of narration from that of her earlier film. Why grudge her for it?
Shazia Masood
I have not seen the move, and now I am in 2 minds.. should I or should I not?
I agree with Fatema, do you really write it while you watch? 😛
But i loved your last punchline, “but perhaps she should make her next film in English. After all, that is our language too.”
I have no problem with this — this is how many people I know speak
And later, “Meri girlfriend ke saath involve hona was not funny.” No, that is funny. Even worse: “It’s like Holi, par wahan tomatoes ke saath khelte hain.”
Hariharan Sriram
BR : I agree with you that there are scenes where Zoya forces things more than she should have (esp. ‘it was magical’), and she compromises some of her brilliance (yes, Nasserudin Shah rolling his own cigarette was a subtle, yet powerful show of attention to detail) with the so called sledge-hammering.
The horse sequence was one that I loved. I thought it completed the movie in a sense. To me, the whole movie was set in a dreamland and that’s why I felt the choice to shoot the entire movie in pristine foreign locations with stunning visuals was justified. And the horses galloping in the grasslands, was something which all of us have visualized in a heaven like setting.
And I agree with Fatema, that you need to go back to your lengthy reviews. There are barely any good critics for Indian movies, and to have one of them revert to 2 minute Maggi instead of a 3 course meal is not fair on us readers!
Even while watching the movie, I was pretty sure you would make that point about thinking in English- writing in Urdu in your review. And you didn’t disappoint 🙂
But for Imraan’s poetry,his writing in Urdu didn’t seem unnatural. Most Muslim families, especially those that speak Urdu at home, have a taste for Urdu poetry, even if they come from the most liberal backgrounds. So his writing didn’t seem that far-fetched.
I thought Hrithik was the weak link in the film.
And have to agree with some of the comments here; The bullet-point system is actually a put-off…I think it inhibits your free flowing style of writing. I might have made that point in one your earlier pieces. Or was it Twitter?
Rangan Sir, did you watch this?
It was too obvious. , as if some America resident’s postal bride from the pind was attempting to understand and explain the concept of a road trip(and the concept of spain) to her parents in india over a vonage phone connection.
othervice it was the same old same old . exotic locales, shoot with polarized filters (which “trader” earns “commission”? )
vivgup
Definitely too harsh…you were probably expecting a lot more from Zoya after LBC. I thought this was a pretty smart movie. Yes, the Dil Chahta Hai chemistry was missing, but magic like that probably just happens, rather than be created at will.
Hi BR, I am a regular reader of your reviews though I am commenting here for the first time. I totally agree with Fatema. I have read your reviews of even those movies that I knew I would never watch because they are rare-one-of -the-kind-pieces which are really hard to find these days, even on the net…this bullet-point-reporting is not doing justice to your talent. In these times when there is enough junk being passed around as great pieces of writing, I dont see any sense why people like you should resort to mediocity, even if it is way too ahead of any of its kind…please revert back to your old style, atleast on your blog..
bran1gan
Sridhar Ramanathan: Dude, “hated it”? That’s what you got? Hmmm…
Fatema: Oh I’m not saying the nuance isn’t there — but it’s not consistent. Zoya is easily the best director of the untethered scene (for lack of a better word). She marvellous at capturing mood. But the great bits were not consistently there, IMO. And I’m sorry, but I’d like to meet that friend B of yours, who’s okay hanging out with A in (to use KSA’s term) such close quarters 🙂
Praveen Sir: hahahaha! I wonder who’s doing the songs though. “Ennai konjam maatri” is one of my favourite Harris songs.
rohitbalan
went in expectin DCH. came out of a 3 hour Spain Ad starrin d best lookin btown models.
meanwhile, a very interesting trailer for sahib biwi aur gangster played out.
Rangan, This time I disagree. The milieu sometimes dictates the language and the pace of a film. It also dictates certain scenes. I remember Hirani once commenting that he and his writer friend wrote every Munnabhai scene repeatedly till they either laughed or cried with the characters. It has been tried here in every scene.
About the actors, yes, their age is definitely an issue but the back stories were tweaked to accommodate the age brackets.
Sledgehammer is a blunt weapon. Zoya did not use that to evoke emotions. In fact, at last we have a director who dwells on some small moments without a scissor or a cam on cocaine and lets a few good things ‘happen’.
Consistency is for payasam, not for paella. The story looked for robustness, Zoya provided.
Harris Jayaraj does the songs in the hindi version too.. retaining only Uyirin Uyire
Martin Scorsese’s next
I dont really understand where all you guys are seeing all this in this film. Brannigan, your PAN does this film too much service. to me it just felt like a prospective bridegroom manual, “Jub veerji spain jaate hain jee, koi buri baat nahin…aur jub beach mein adh nange ladkiyon je saath khelte hain , to unse mujhe abhi shadi karni….paaji!”…
Ive seen feminist film made by (usually American Indi) dude directors Thi is the reverse. a female eunuch making a buddy road trip film for her other female eunuch friends from a “convent” school in society delhi or mumbai, being groomed to be postal brides for rich punjabi NRI kids.
🙂 Music in Hindi is also by Harris Jayaraj
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Force_(film)
shamoni8
Road the movie, a 2010 movie starring Abhay. Checked it?
This movie had english subtitles where I watched it and the subtitles definitely made more sense, at times, than what was being spoken e.g. “make way for the trucks”
It is interesting to see how movies have changed in the last few years. I wonder how the public in, say, Ranchi is going to reach to this firstworldproblem carpe the diem nonsense. One then wonders why Hindi remains a language of choice for movies like these. If anything, making these type of movies in english opens them up to the non-Hindi metro demographic.
I also wondered about some of the back story scenes – e.g. if we learnt about the biological father, the proposal etc at the same time as when the other friends find out – having the audience share the same sense of shock or surprise might have been a nice touch. Just like how they handled the whole Sonali thing.
If you’d be kind enough to check this out 🙂
http://morningmedia.wordpress.com/2011/07/11/ten-years-of-dil-chahta-hai/
‘There was just a bit of bull at the end. ‘ – Hehehehe.
I couldn’t help but think of Payne’s ‘Sideways’ off and on. Perhaps the trouble with ZNMD is that these are not people to whom Spain is unusual, wonderful or even different. There’s no real discovery. There’s some interesting humour, but the serious conversations are such a let-down. While they’re not young as DCH, maybe the film could have worked if the characters were actually a bit older, and dealing with a mid-life crisis.
There are some gems in there – like when Kalki’s character gets a bit upset with Farhan asking for more wine. And while this is a film about three men, would it have hurt a female director to etch out the women’s characters with a little more detail? Kalki manages it somewhat, but Katrina’s character just lacks depth. She might as well have been a random mermaid.
I agree with Neha about both female characters. Katrina’s character was a bright presence, that’s all.
In that sense, Kalki manages to extract the max from a character which had all the potential to come off an shrieky and bitch-like. This is my first Kalki movie, and I felt she handled the character with amazing maturity and dignity. In fact, she just seemed to be used as a ‘soft target’ here, whereas there could be so much more nuance that could be…using the same theme that they were saying about relationships in the movie i.e. ‘we both wanted different things from life’.
And really, Abhay Deol. I felt that he was the most boring, least watchable in this movie. He was supposedly the ‘normal’ one and came with less emotional baggage than the other two. But did he need to be that effeminate? Is it normal with him or was it the director’s idea? In the 3-4 movies that I have seen him in, he totally lacks screen presence. Was that the problem here? I think he totally got the character in ‘Oye Lucky’ and ‘Aahista Aahista’, but maybe there is a good reason he should not be part of an ensemble cast where the others can hold a scene if required.
I did like the movie, though it became a little stretched and boring at the end, could have done with a load of editing. It ultimately seemed like Zoya took 3 people, 3 emotional issues/fears/problems, 3 tasks, 3 places in Spain and mapped them all together – which is fine, but maybe the stories could have been more intertwined.
Not something I would want to watch on screen again, but good watch on TV later. Especially for Farhan’s scenes. ‘Chudail alert! Chudail alert!’
the movie that came to my mind was the wizard of oz.
First, let me just say that I like the bullet-point report. It suits your style of reviewing which I have always understood be less of a “review” and more of a sharing of your thoughts/responses to your film viewing experience.
As for ZNMD, some of the points you’ve made (the age of the actors, the bumper-stickerish life message, etc.) confirms my fears for the film, but I’ll see it anyway – if a less enthusiastically than I’d like.
jitaditya
I liked LBC & was looking forward to it… but my curiosity was overtaken by cynicism as the trailers came out…. & this review more or less confirms my doubts…
I only disagree with the Doordarshan bit… I found it seriously unfunny and an insult to good memories of childhood…
Ninad
After all, that is our language too. 🙂
Love your blog, but this sounds more nit-picky and way too harsh. I loved the movie despite the minor hiccups. I agree with Lakshman, those few scenes were indeed cringe-worthy.
And disagree again with Rakesh. Music is pretty good imho, loved Senorita, though a bit pop-ish so to say, the song stayed true to it’s flamenco roots. Khaabon Ke Parinday was lovely too. Ik Junoon was highly listenable. I’d say this is SEL’s best after a long time with high repeat value.
I agree in that Hrithik was the weakest link. He didn’t shake off his self-conscious, greek god superstar persona enough to have pulled off a convincing performance. He did suck some of the joie de vivre from the film, which despite the obvious metaphors and predictability, the film undeniably has.
– The audience’s groan in my theater when the much hyped artist Salim turned to be none other than only our own Naseeruddin Shah was lol. ‘Oh no! Not this guy.”
– I don’t know if Zoya Akhtar wanted ZMND wanted to be a traditional road movie. If it was, the film would have been tighter and every juicy possibility would have been milked to its extreme. And, that tension between Hrithik and Farhan exploding in a physical confrontation would have been a showstopper at the end of Act II. If this was a road movie, then viewer would felt transformed by the journey along with the characters.
Instead, this sticks to be mostly a leisurely travelogue on Discovery Channel, which I am also fine with and glad to have had the entire experience for just Rs.120.
– We all know BR doesn’t like writers/directors who think in English and write in Hindi for mass acceptance. Can we move on the next point already, please ?
– Sledgehammer banalities ? These were not banal in anyway like Vaanam where the moral of the story is read aloud to the camera after each episode.
” The camera capturing Hrithik’s face was enuff “. Agreed. But, if your diving instructor, especially one who removed the fear of water from your mind and with whom you had a gaja-gaja underwater, asked you after you dived, of course you’re gonna say it was magical not keep quiet.
And, that part where Kalki was waiting inside was well done. With just a wide shot outside the hotel and one normal shot inside ( not a ‘Not what it looks like’ shot from the American Pie movies. So, although the audience had an inkling Kalki would be there, there was a possibilty that this was a normal occurence in the life of these travelling bachelors.
I remember you having an issue with Sonam Kapoor articulating Masakali the pigeon’s tied up feet as a metaphor. I can understanding why that can be insulting for a guy who can sniff out symbolism in a movie from years of watching art films, read the subtext like subtitles (like that fear of water, sky thing you have mentioned there ). For the rest of us, it’s just fine. 😉
You have to realize though that for women who are fed up of farting and fucking that is being thrown at us in the name of alternative cinema, this film was a fillip to the nuances in characters and detailing in scenes that we have always looked for but never found. The universal worldview unravels from an uniquely female perspective yet with three men! What an achievement to make a ‘Bollywood’ scale film without resorting 100% to any typical tropes – totally fresh and frothy. Like Pride and Prejudice, it reveals itself with each viewing though if it is boxed as a chick-flick/romcom it shall not do you the honour!
Agree with your assessment per se but you must also allow yourself to see what women see in this, for more: http://kaivalyam.blogspot.com/2011/07/waiting-for-zoya.html
As always loved your piece. Almost in completely agreement except that I was even harsher on the film elsewhere:
http://satyamshot.wordpress.com/2011/07/19/zindagi-miilegi-na-dobara-of-guilty-pleasures-and-frightening-escapism/
Baradwaj: hilarious, isn’t it? Happens every time. Write a long, nuanced set of thoughts and there’s always someone who will provide a reductive summary. Also, this is a classic example of the Hostile Media Effect phenomenon.
I liked the soundtrack on its own. Within the film, it did not have half the impact. Indie songs need Indie treatment, which was lacking in the picturization of Khwabon ke Parindey. I think the movie captures the languor of the country and its vacation perfectly, however, the zing and highs of Spanish travel did not translate to both Ik Junoon and Senorita. Senorita is such a lovely track that it was always going to be a problem filming it, but they could have moved the camera away from the trio and focused on the locals to get the feel of the joie-de-vivre.
As I said, I didn’t have any problem with the soundtrack per se. These songs will go long in mid-night listening along with songs of Rock On.
Rangan, have you caught the Don 2 trailer yet? I am highly anticipating the soundtrack. Don-the chase begins had some of the silliest and some of the smartest lyrics – title song belongs to the former and Aaj ki Raat to latter.
For example, silly one – Bahot hi Khatarnaak Hoon Main!! Buoy, seriously?!
and smart one – Fainsla hai yehi, jeet hogi meri, mouths the character of Isha Koppikkar. We smug: ‘lady, we know this film. You are just overconfident.’ Oh, well!!!
I guess the challenge is that after a debut like LBC, people expected her to continue producing work along similar lines and in ZNMD, Zoya has tried to be consciously more mainstream and less layered; thus leading to a lot of show AND tell..and moments like Joe from office calling…. if ZNMD is looked at as a standalone film it worked for me (for most parts, esp kalki and naseeruddin shah)…what could have been better- katrina and abhay..
In complete agreement with Tejas re: the soundtrack. Wonder why it’s often deemed average by many. Senorita and Khaabon Ke Parinday is on loop as I’m typing this.
And about the “Bahot hi khatarnak hoon main” part of the title song, indeed, the most cringe-worthy moment in the film. Same with SRK doing the juggling thingy with the champagne bottle. *facepalm*
neha: Exactly. The comedy worked, but the serious bits were — to me — so banal. I call it the “Wake Up Sid” syndrome, where an affluent character experiences life-altering epiphanies with very little discomfort. (Or at least, the audience isn’t allowed to “see” too much of this discomfort; they’re asked to merely enjoy the plush ride.)
So Abhay doesn’t want to get married to this girl? Oh well, let’s make her (1) someone who emotionally manipulates him into proposing, (2) suspicious, (3) nagging, and (4) (rim shot) a clinger, who says she’s giving up here life so she can live his. I mean, why make it so easy for the audience to identify with his dumping her? What if, for instance, she was a really nice girl, really in love with him, has waited for him for a long time, and then he — for whatever reasons (maybe he fell for someone in Spain, whatever) — has to negotiate the icky aspect of telling her he doesn’t want to get married. That would make it seem like he really had a “bull-run” worthy hurdle to handle.
I’m not saying Zoya should have done this. It’s her film. But then, if a comfy travelogue is what you want to make, then make just that film. Why these half-arsed “crises” that fool no one? This is why the Naseer scene works so brilliantly, because it’s a thorny scene and (unlike what she does with Abhay) Zoya doesn’t make it easy for either Farhan or the audience. Had Naseer turned out a shady guy, then it’d be easy to hate him and go all “oh Farhan, poor baby.” But here’s a grown-up giving another grown-up a few hard grown-up facts. Zoya makes us see Naseer’s POV even as she makes us feel for Farhan’s plight. That, IMO, is superb nuanced writing.
Shalini: Thank you. Sharing thoughts/responses/experiences is exactly what I do with my writings, so they’re not really “reviews” in that sense. But oh, let me not belabour this for the nth time 🙂
Mambazha Manidhan: See, if something really bugs me about a film, I have to say it. Just can’t move on to the next point because you already know about it. And no, Vaanam is not the correct comparison because that’s a movie meant for a very different audience. (And in fact, you could argue that for that audience Vaanam is made exactly the right away.) As for your last point, I’ll take it as something of a compliment, thankyouverymuch 🙂
kk: See, that is what we are both saying, that there is a lot of detailing and nuance at a micro level but the macro-level screenplay is all over the place. It’s just that you’ve made your peace with it and I’m still struggling… As for making “a ‘Bollywood’ scale film without resorting 100% to any typical tropes — totally fresh and frothy,” have you seen the super-amazing Band Baaja Baarat?
tejas: I love-to-the-power-of-infinity “Aaj ki raat,” one of the best things SEL have done (I hate the video though). Saw the Don 2 trailer, and yes, very much look forward to the soundtrack.
lowlylaureate
i have not read the above comments, maybe this was discussed.
I simply loved the film as i did with Luck By Chance and i think your points against the film are no points at all, it seems that the characters should react in a way in which you feel is right for them;if not they are considered banal or unrealistic.
Not all cinematic movements need to be poignant and perfect, sir you are movie reviewer and not a quality control officer.
Pardon me if i was a little harsh.
“What if, for instance, she was a really nice girl, really in love with him, has waited for him for a long time, and then he — for whatever reasons (maybe he fell for someone in Spain, whatever) — has to negotiate the icky aspect of telling her he doesn’t want to get married. ”
Actually, except for her bitchiness to Abhay, she did come across as a nice girl – though I see where you’re coming from. Serious scenes were not all banal, especially the whole Nas – Farhan exchange (as you said), Farhan’s fight with Hrithik etc, to name a few. If you further dissect, of course there are issues, but your review sounds way too harsh imho. The bottom line is that it’s surely the movie I won’t mind watching a few times more without running into the risk of getting bored.
Let me nit pick DCH for instance:
Caricaturish characterization – Aamir – spoiled rich son, Akshaye – reclusive artist, etc
Aakash believes that love is non existent, and falls for Shalini. Rohit is portrayed as an angry, possessive guy who’s obsessed about his girlfriend. Shalini is the sweet little pup, who’s willing to sacrifice her life for her foster parents. They all get together at the end, and voila! We have Deepa as a gap filler a la Sid’s girlfriend.
See what I did there? Just proving a point 😉
youre just a lowly laureate. what do you know!
nimmiR
@BR, LBC is also Bollywood but it seems Zoya wants to scale the humungosity [sic!] of the Yash-Johar star power+ canvas + Box Office so so on and she simply isn’t ready or doesn’t really know how!!! do you think so?
Band Baja Bharat didn’t have to handle Hritik, Katrina, Spain, vistas in short all the baggage that comes with wannabe super hits with super stars … It know exactly what it was doing nudging Bollywood in wonderfully different ways. Zoya is doing the opposite with ZNMD!!! Having pushed boundaries she is retracing her steps!!! To be fair ZMND holds together and has its moments. But seriously, it seems Farhan directed this as much as Zoya. You keep seeing his directorial laxity and laziness in many a scene, There were several scenes, on the road, in the pubs that simply did not move on sagging under the weighty pauses of having to do some very nuanced and subtle stuff…
You liked the Farhan track? After fear of flying and fear of the deep, this is like the child in Masoom growing up to haunt Naseer morphed into an aging Javier Bardem like artist !! His story seemed force-fed in this movie… he isn’t goofy [like Saif], isn’t an actor like Hritik or edgy cool like Abhay [miscast, way too serious in this movie] He is better off directing, scripting or plain singing!!!!
@Shaitan – contrary to the popular belief, it was not Deepa in the last scene of the film who joins the trio and their girls in Goa. Just sayin’. 😉
Agreed entirely with your criticisms. I do not think you have been “too harsh”; if anything, I feel that you have been a little too kind to the movie. It was a bad film. Barring some good moments here and there,this was one tedious, tedious ride across Spain. Thank God we have someone like you, who can be relied upon to so astutely analyze a movie.
Really enjoyed ZNMD, but almost continually missed that “subtle director” of Luck By Chance.
The Farhan the is the man… completely stole the show… Couldn’t believe how many LOL’s he squeezed out of that tiny handbag!
I felt that the poetry bits were one of the high points of the film. The poetry would have been hard to digest, if they came from Abhay/Hrithik. But I could see Farhan as a write/poet – he didn’t come from a super-wealthy family like the other two musketeers (as the shots with his mom indicate), the way he packed his bag did suggest he may be a bohemian, and after all, his father is an artist – genes matter! (Didn’t some his clothing style also make him look like a gypsy?)
Anyway, am I the only one who thought Katrina was a misfit in this role? Yeah, she is half-Indian like the role demanded, but that alone doesn’t make her a good fit for the freedom loving, traveling hippie (kinda) character. Except for the bike scene, she appeared quite different that the character she was trying to portray. No?
@tejas
Oops, is that so? That’s kind of embarrassing, actually. Well my point stands, but thanks for pointing that out 🙂
Finally saw this and found it a bit of a bore. The laughs generally work but it’s too unambitious and superficial a film to justify the 2+ hours running time. All in all, I thought ZNMD was the cinematic equivalent of Javed Akhtar’s poetry/lyrics – tired thoughts and ideas only occasionally enlivened by some clever wordplay.
Read Tehelka’s take and there was lots to laugh about:
“It manages a feat that Sarah Jessica Parker and the entire SATC franchise could not manage. It made a Birkin bag an almost full-fledged character. Like classic chick flicks, the settings are clean, shiny and sensual. Like classic chick flicks, the protagonist (Hrithik in this case) is transformed by love, not merely checking off ‘love interest’ as a plot requirement. (No, Delhi Belly, go stand in your, grimy, boyish corner now) “
Deboshree
I had been expecting a good, if not brilliant film, after Luck By Chance. But it seems to me ZNMD falls short of expectations. I wonder if I should give it a go for those instances of magic that you talked of.
Did anyone notice that the Bagwati jokes by Farhan almost never clicked? Abhay found it lame while later even Katrina faked laughter when he cracked the joke 🙂
By the way, what’s with the “my hand is a dolphin” impersonation? Is there anything I don’t know about except the Rebecca Black meme? If so, then brilliant, that did really make me chuckle 😀
Abinav
Two lines BR: “There is just a lot of bull in the end” & “After all, it is our language too” – neat..! 🙂
Saw the movie yesterday, loved it.
What I don’t understand is the confusion around the relationship between Hrithik and Farhan that exists here. Perhaps it’s because I’m an Indian living in America and not in India, but those scenes struck me as realistic and relatable.
Basically, when a situation like that happens (two good friends, one of them hooks up with the other’s girlfriend), it really does linger on for a long time, even years after the fact. And it manifests itself everywhere else, but is rarely mentioned (because when it is, well, fights happen). I think we could see that tension in their interactions for a while and that’s basically how I see these things go down in real life.
Manojh
Rangan,
I don’t get your gripe point for – “It’s like Holi, par wahan tomatoes ke saath khelte hain.”
What is so LHHE about this? For me, it quite fit the part of any casual conversation that we have amongst friends, the urban ones that we seen and grown up with. I tend to see it in the same light as Simbhu’s “make love to you..” statement in VTV that was dissed heavily in the comments section in your column. I felt that it was there for the taking as well, didn’t seem out of place. Don’t these fit your sense of the so called urban-multiplex-genre kind of movies?
To add to Manojh’s point, the part where Farhan says “Barah hazaar euro ke hai, first class mein jayegi”, I don’t get what’s the issue? I thought it was funny, now replace it with twelve grands and it would sound seriously lame.
I don’t know, we friends use that sorta language all the time. I didn’t find those out of place at all 🙂
Suchithra
I got on to find you on this blog after reading your review in The Hindu. I think you can understand at this point that it isn’t to applaud you.
But I must add after reading your review here, I’m slightly baffled. Your final consensus seems contradictory to both your hindu review and the review above. You say that you found the bag related jokes funny, the proposal scene intelligent,the hrithik-farhan relationship interesting, the farhan-father relationship agreeable, the DD joke funny and maybe more which I can’t recollect but at the same time that it was only enjoyable on a superficial level.
Do you like the movie or you don’t? 😉
This is the first I’ve read of your reviews and I’m not familiar with your style but I don’t think I’m asking for much.
To be precise ; there are several points that are not in agreement with me.
Let’s say the hindi-english : ref bullet point 2. Seems to me that you either don’t live in india or you haven’t spoken to indians. On the one hand you complain that the movie isn’t real enough for you while you clearly don’t know how real indians speaks. In this case I would generalise slightly to say north indians, because that’s where hindi is spoken commonly. I have friends from the north and I am familiar with the way they speak and we in the south mix a bit of our native language with english mostly around those who also speak our tongue. Any questions?
And I can’t be sure how old you are but surely not that old to miss the age bracket our three protagonists fall into. To me they seemed about early 30’s and not so out of place with some of the jokes . Yes, even the ‘scaring people’ bit. I believe it was meant to be a reliving of old times, than anything else and mostly because they were on a holiday.
And ref : indian express. Why wasn’t Kalki portrayed as a girl really in love with Abhay you ask and suggest that she may have been misunderstood. Now the film isn’t about Kalki is it? Its about our “three musketeers” ;). Are you suggesting that in real life each of us are understood for what we are and its a blatant neglect that Zoya didn’t portray the same in reel life as seen in ZNMD?
And let’s not compare DCH to ZNMD. Dil chahata hai was a great movie no less but now dated. I can’t stand the second half of the movie anymore and not because its so “real”. To remind you, I’d like to bring your attention to the scene in the opera house ( could that have been just before the interval? I believe so). Preity suggests that Aamir close his eyes to catch a glimpse of his subconscious and maybe the love of his life. And voila; its Preity! Now, who would’ve suspected that. Not you I guess! Ref: bullet point 8. A little “filmi” you say.
And can you clarify the symbolism that you have assumed. Air is to Farhan as Water is to Hrithik. Since the fire is to Abhay was missing, I would’ve thought that you might’ve have realised otherwise. I find that in your quest to fault the movie, you have created metaphors that don’t exist.
And delhi-belly “not trying” to play hindi cinematic characters? They tied a jeweller to a chair, literally stole his cash and conveniently hid it in the almira and turned rich without anybody noticing? The fat chap washed his behind with orange juice for godsake! Which of us movie goers who watch movies at an Inox or a Fame cinema wash our behinds with orange juice. Tissue anybody? Or ok given the type of movie and his situation, newspaper?
My over all grouse with your review is that you complain that its not enough reality but you turn a blind eye to what to a good part of our population. (And to compare Delhi-Belly to reality? Is it because of the profanity?) Is it your belief that only sorrow and drama define reality? And have you considered that it was a holiday for one and two that not every emotion has to be displayed as the “end of the world” . Maybe not all of us lead complicated lives ! Maybe not all of us need to overtly express our emotions! Maybe the movie wasn’t supposed to be a life changing experience! Maybe a gentle reminder of subjects we are already aware of! And by the way I have heard a father of the bride say ” maine beta paaya hai” at a Sindhi mehendi function. I think that maybe, you need to take a second opinion.
But I must also add that Hrithik was the loose thread. Like someone rightly said above in one of the posts, he is just not the charming boy next door kinda actor. He plays all his characters too intense, ruined the flavour of some fun scenes. Namely the ‘it was magical’ and ‘just let go imraan’ before he jumps off the plane (the hand action?? Wow!) And yes, Zoya should’ve spotted that.
To be fair Suchithra, I think she was more paranoid about the BO results after LBC. Hrithik was surely one of the better choices from among the “superstars” imho, so can’t fault her much. Overall he was fine though, except for the scenes you mentioned.
Gave it a second try. Big mistake. It’s just as banal as it was the first time. My congratulations to Mr. Rangan again for his astute descriptions of the film’s shortcomings.
And no, Mr. Rangan, you do not “need to take a second opinion.”
Tantanoo
“Consistency is for payasam, not for paella” – Quote of the quarter.
Let me play ‘Narada’ here for a wee bit.
I happened to see a ‘rebuttal’ review on Karthik’s milliblog page – rebuttal to your review here. In case you haven’t seen it, here’s the link:
http://itwofs.com/milliblog/2011/07/31/of-armchair-epiphanies-in-just-one-life/
Rangan – What did you think of the dance sequence with the titles at the finale?
Caught the movie only today, and came back to read your review and nodded away – you’ve got it bang on. Laying it on with a trowel was right. I was also petrified that Abhay would have some awful fear of bullshit, which he would have to confront. In fact, it looked a bit like he felt he would rather die than have to break off the engagement. I didn’t get the last sequence at all – if he did break up with her and she hooked up with the other guy as is hinted in the montage of snaptaking – then what was Natasha doing dancing blithely with him? Her character didn’t seem the kind to be peaceful about being humiliatingly dumped 2 months before her wedding. I totally agree with the LHHE – especially when Katrina tells him “Main afsos nahin karti” or something like that (How DO you remember quotes verbatim?) – I goggled a bit till I realized it was literally translated from “I don’t do regrets”. Muwahahaha that was. The senorita flamenco number – I cringed every time one of the buooys would go and hug one of the spanish women – wasn’t that highly inappropriate behaviour – and rather dangerous one too, in a macho culture like that? How would our desi biradars like 3 firangs visiting India and hugging our gaon ki chhoris?
“How would our desi biradars like 3 firangs visiting India and hugging our gaon ki chhoris?”
depends on whether it is holi ir not., obviously,
On second watch this feels like an isreali film. Easy financing mannerred casualness, and a somewhat insincere liberalism.
that whole tomato festival was a vegetable holi, no? watching all the cavorting i was wondering if it began with the same intention of allowing a grope fest in the name of culture
The more i think about it, i figure she’s actually made a karan johar clone movie – all beautiful people leading beautiful lives, having beautiful epiphanies – there was edginess to Luck By Chance, the sly spoofs about script making, the sardonic characterisation of stereotypes like the Ambitious Mummy, the Exploitative Producer, the Struggling Theatre Artistel. This movie was all Readers’ Digest goo, in comparison, with its theme that the road to the self is via Drama in Real Life makes you more appreciative of your lfe and True Friendship matters the most
she was explaining to mummyji of the postal bride why the husband had not run away with that daayin chudail at the behekao of his lafange friends, just because he was on a roadtrip.
mog (@bebaibo)
“But a similar insight is missing into a certain kind of man, the man whose girlfriend has been stolen by his best friend. There’s just no way he’s going to agree to a vacation that includes this best friend. That plot point needed further detailing, and here it’s just tossed off.”
I actually think this was addressed plenty. In the beginning when hrithik’s character calls to wiggle out of going to Spain, Kabir says he knows why hrithik doesn’t want to go (and we think its the money-making madness to blame). But then kabir goes on to say that the trip was cancelled once 4yrs ago and would be cancelled once again if hrithik doesn’t come. There’s obviously this whole upheaval that already happened. Now, on the one hand there’s this great “amigo” threatening to cancel his bachelor trip if he doesn’t show, and the other, the Judas who stole his girlfriend 4 years ago. He thinks (I think)- I should just man up and go be there for my friend. It happened four years ago, I’ve moved on from her, had other girlfriends. For good measure I’ll show HIM how well I’m doing, make sure to put him in his place.
I don’t think I’d have liked to see anymore play out on screen.
Also, Since there seems to be quite a bit of discussion here, does anyone have any thoughts on this- How does the Abhay-Kalki relationship end?
Contrary to most people, I didn’t think Kabir thought Natasha was a shrew and therefore dumped her. It seemed more like a time-out from a rushed wedding to someone he didn’t quite know as well as he thought he did. Especially given her presence at hrithik’s wedding during the end credit sequence. I mean there is no love lost between the groom, imran and natasha; Kabir dumped her; the bride, and her friend, she was wary of. Why would she be there if things weren’t all sorted? Why would hrithik pull her in to be part of a wedding shot?
But then, there is a scene in the sequence where kabir is taking pictures of the bridal party. Kalki is in the shot laughing with some other guy. Kabir looks away and busies himself with his camera. Is that regret? Are they somehow now good friends and he realizes he made a mistake? Is there going to be a Zindagi Kash milegi dobara? (I apologize for my rough translation)
My, that was a lot lengthier than I intended.
mog, what you have written on the hrithik-farhan relationship is merely your extrapolation. None of this is depicted, or even properly hinted at in the film itself. “It happened four years ago, I’ve moved on from her, had other girlfriends”-well, I don’t think he has moved on, or he wouldn’t have that quarrel with farhan after the latter threw away the phone. The quarrel ends with hrithik slapping his friend, and saying that farhan must keep apologizing until the matter is completely flushed out of hrithik’s heart. This clearly shows that he is still extremely bitter about the whole episode about farhan stealing his girlfriend, and as Mr. Rangan has very correctly pointed out, a man who retains so much bitterness towards a ‘friend’ cannot possibly agree to go on an extended vacation with that friend. That part of the film was definitely half-baked and unconvincing. As were many other things in the film as well.
Ramit Bajaj
Very recently, like many others, i’ve also become addictive of your write-ups. Within 3 days, i’ve read around 50 write-ups by you (And i’ve also learnt not to call it a review, though i’ve not got the diff). Your pieces are focused not only at making the readers literate (grateful thanks for that) but also at fairness. You would judge a movie by its genre and not by its message or feel good factor. That’s pretty fair. But i’ve one issue.
I’ve observed that you defend Farhan Akhtar a lot and you overlook some flaws in Imtiaz Ali’s movies. But about the latter, some day later.
If in Rock On, Farhan’s voice cracks on higher notes, it suits rock. If in Lakshya, he doesn’t fulfill our expectations, it’s our fault of expecting at the first place. If after watching ZNMD, you feel that Farhan can play only one type of role then the defence comes that he plays this role very very well.
I would have considered these evaluations fair, had you pointed finger at Farhan where he actually faulted, without later defending that. For example, you’ve problem with ZNMD’s dialogues like (not exact words) ‘holi tomatoes k sath’, ‘gf k sath involve hona not funny’, etc. Your write-up suggests that these dialogues are written by Zoya when actually dialogue-writer for the movie is Farhan(which ofcourse you would be knowing).
I seriously take your each line seriously because it’s apparent that you’ve invested a lot of thought process into it. So, i would have peaceful days ahead (-:P) if you, my lord, acquit Zoya of some charges and put some blame on Farhan, who have gone scot-free by now in your court of writing.
Student of your cinema class,
Ramit
Ramit Bajaj: Have you seen this review? I like Farhan as an actor, yes, but I do have issues with his films. As for the dialogues, I usually avoid mentioning names other than the director, so…
Thanks. Like you, i felt the movie is vastly overrated.
A big Thank you–though REALLY belated, for this review. Wish I had come across this earlier; I felt seriously out of place when this movie released and it seemed I was one of the very few in my family/ friends circle, who seemed to think it was less than spectacular. Actually, that would be putting it diplomatically, I found the movie pretentious and contrived in several stretches.
Agree 100% with your analysis of the Arjun (Hrithik)–Imran (Farhan) situation. Arjun is shown to be carrying so much bitterness against Imran, for his callous act of stealing his (then) girlfriend. One aspect which deepens this rift, was the fact that Arjun KNOWS Imran’s apologies are flippant, and Imran himself, when thus accused by Arjun, tacitly accepts this. On the other hand, he snipes at Arjun for carrying this grudge for so long.
The basic premise, that Arjun would agree for an extended road trip with Imran as a part of the trio, was itself implausible. As a part of a bigger group, might have been possible, (though maybe still not probable) since interaction could then have been kept to a minimum.
As some others have commented before, Hrithik was easily the weakest among the 3 lead male characters. He suffers from an irritating inability to drop his super macho, posey, unnecessarily intense persona. Two glaring instances stood out for me–One was the ‘Just let it go Imran!!’ with a ridiculous fist pump/ arm jab, moments before jumping out of the plane.
The second was when the trio step into the villa they have leased at one of their stops in the Spanish sojourn. The other two were more or less walking through the villa, taking in the decor and the view. Hrithik was showing us how a male model would walk, had the villa been a ramp. Shoulders thrown so far back his chest almost pops out, arms held akimbo to show off his muscles some more….Gosh, what WAS Zoya thinking in not amending that pose?
indianmalefeminist
@Jai When did Imran accept that? I must have missed this part. And it was just a spur of the moment thing – they had a fight and it just all came out. It happens – when shit hits the fan, everything that’s been buried comes out – I don’t see what’s so unbelievable about that. It may not have been necessarily bothering him so much – it could’ve just came out in the outburst.
Arjun was persuaded to join too IIRC and changed his mind in the last mo. The other points yeah that I more or less agree with. For me, the movie was much fun, and most parts were well executed, I could forgive the slight mishaps. Obviously different folks, different strokes etc. again.
@indianmalefeminist: Thanks for your reply…As for the Imran–Arjun tangle, it’s in that angry confrontation scene, when Arjun tells him that he needs to keep apologizing for his act of stealing Arjun’s GF, till the time he actually says it from the heart. Imran falls silent at that. Till then, it had been an ugly quarrel, with Imran retorting fairly sarcastically to Arjun. It seemed to me that it was his tacit acceptance, that Arjun had a point.
But, like you said, different strokes for different folks, so one could also interpret, I suppose, that Imran was merely trying to drop the argument in the interest of peace. (Given the tense dynamics between the two, I would highly doubt that, but still….)
On the related point you raised (about it being just a spur of the moment thing), we will have to agree to disagree ;-). I don’t think that this was something that just came out in the outburst. It was something that was clearly bothering Arjun, their initial hellos when they meet were cool and a bit tense, and Arjun goes out of his way to show Imran how much more money he’s making. IMO, the phone getting tossed out was only the last straw; Arjun may not have gone for such a physical confrontation, had there not already been this considerable tension with his ‘friend’.
That’s where I felt it was implausible that Arjun would agree to go on this extended road trip as one of the trio. (Too compact a group and for too long a time). Had it been a larger group, or perhaps just a brief get together for an evening; then maybe yes, as it would have meant much less time with the person he had obvious issues with. But here….
Somehow the film just didn’t ‘click’ for me. I admit, there’s hardly a film that doesn’t have some wrinkles in the plot, but (like you said), when I like the movie overall, I find it easy to just ignore the lacunae. Here, I just couldn’t put the missteps behind me, as my mind kept saying “Pretentious! Pretentious!” 😉
@Jai, thanks for the response 🙂
Actually, I took it as more of a frustration, despite telling that one’s sorry multiple times. Arjun was really testing Imran’s patience, so I think that was more understandable tbh. And yeah, also probably Imran was just trying to drop the argument etc.
Oh yeah, I definitely agree there were the lack of warmth and all that between them, all true. I just meant that it probably came out way more exaggerated during the outburst. And worse, he had just had a failed relationship, so that’s all made it seem worse, pushed him over the edge. He wanted a holiday anyways seeing the state his life was in, and probably didn’t want to alienate his closer friend, Kabir, breaking the promise and all that. Makes sense why he’d have reluctantly gone to the trip. That’s what I gathered.
As for the not clicking part, oh that’s all fine. The exact same thing happened to me with LBC actually – I did love a lot of scenes, I’m able to appreciate Zoya for her fine filmmaking and all that, but it didn’t just “click” for me as a movie either. This one did though, except for a few pranks and stuff, it was fun as far as I’m concerned.
Anywho, here’s to hoping Zoya would come up with something brilliant next time around! 🙂
chandrasekhar
Saw znmd years back. Didn’t jell even though the ingredients were good. Especially Javed Akhtar dialogue between Farhan and Nasir. Saw review. 100 pct on the money. Old actors, translated thoughts, transplanted ideas etc. The punchline of Nasir is surprisingly missing from most YouTube clippings.
“Dil Dhadakne Do”… It’s like watching paint dry… only, inside a palace | Baradwaj Rangan →
June 6th, 2015 → 17:30
[…] But the film never finds its footing, and it’s not just the language. I have spoken earlier about the LHHE syndrome in the Akhtar siblings’ films: “Listening Hindi, Hearing English.” Kamal hears of Kabir’s […]
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#AskBR – What explains MohanLal’s longevity?
In which I answer a few questions on an older film… or a new one.
Posted in: #AskBR, Cinema: Hindi, Cinema: Malayalam, Cinema: Tamil
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16 Responses “#AskBR – What explains MohanLal’s longevity?” →
Satellite television is one of the biggest reason for Mohanlal and Mammootty’s longevity. These 20 somethings who appears to have mad fandom haven’t seen them in the classics of the 80s and early 90s when they came out, but at any given day these films are playing on tv. So when they were doing outlandishly terrible movies in the late nineties and 00s these kids were watching the reruns of their best roles like a showreel. That sustained their stardom even in the era of softcore films era when people stopped watching films at the theater and they got away with doing all those terrible films. And once malayalam cinema was back up and running in the 2010s they had these 90s kids as ready made fans all grown up and ready to visit the theaters and they could do do the all the starry things despite costing along for a decade or more in the middle. Of course his older fans also started coming back to theater with the general health of malayalam cinema improving and they keep visiting the screen in hope of seeing old mohanlal back which the film makers exploit and overdo even in films that don’t feature him. Even terrible films like Peruchazhi, Neerali etc are trying to get away with this-film-is-bascially-old-mohanlal-references-for-millennials. Inertia of older malayalis refusing to move on can be seen in the way they are disappointed by the new age films and they would rather go back to seeing regressive middle class value films with comedy that are still playing on tv. Of course young film makers making films with the Big Ms might change the perception, but whenever they tried it hasn’t particularly worked because they were trying to make larger-than-life films in a new bottle( read Sagar Alias Jacky, Gangster etc). Curious to see how they do with a Pothan or Menon or Pushkaran though. As for starry roles may be Prithvi’s Lucifer might set a new template.
I didn’t like him in thanmathra. I didn’t feel he nailed that character at all
And company, he carried himself well, but he has trouble speaking in an alien language. His body language and dialogue delivery was totally out of sync
Some more reasons for longevity
Both Mammootty and Mohanlal were able to fully establish themselves before the cable and internet revolution of late 90s and early 00s
Lack of competition. No star actor who came after them could match up to them talentwise. More importantly, they didn’t get the opportunities that these two got.
By late 90 , TV took away the movie audience and crisis gripped Malayalam cinema and number of productions fell. So New actors stopped getting chances and even second rung actors who were slowly coming up were reduced to playing supporting characters in Films starring the 2 Superstars
Then of course the Fan clubs.
And not just satellite TV viewing, but also the money from TV rights. A Mohanlal film gets the highest rates from TV channels. That sustained through the dark phase. He had flop after flop between Drishyam and pulimurugan.
And apart from his passion for acting. He also has a passion for action. He does most of his stunts himself and that’s the reason why he picks movies like pulimurugan and odiyan
. As for starry roles may be Prithvi’s Lucifer might set a new template.
I certainly hope so. The new gen films are fine. But The biggest problem I see in Malayalam cinema today is that there aren’t directors like Joshi, IV sasi or Priyadarshan anymore who can make a decent commercial entertainer with these 2 big stars. I hope Prithvi gets it right.
I just don’t get it MANK. So films like Thondimuthalum, Maheshinte and Kumbalangi are expanding the frontiers of what we term “Mainstream Cinema” and these films are also making good money. Now why exactly would you want that old mediocrity to come back? Come back and do what exactly? I would have understood if the films I mentioned weren’t speaking to a wide audience, but they are. And these films are also saying something about the times we are living in. So what exactly is your beef here? I have a pretty decent understanding of Priyadarshan — and I don’t think he has made anything in his entire career that measures up to Maheshinte.
Sreehari, I am talking about Films like aavanazhi, New Delhi, chitram, iyer the great, sphadikam etc etc,…. Which exploited the superstars’ stardom and talent in equal measure. They provide a unique experience and pleasure that none of these new gen films provide, at least for me they don’t. They are great Films in their own right and that’s the sort of Films that I miss the most today. Given a choice between maheshinte and say New Delhi, I prefer to watch the latter. maybe It’s more a personal thing . I’m quite a sucker for star personas and nothing turns me on than a great star performance in well made star vehicles.
@MANK – in Company, he was supposed to be a Malayali, no? A man who’s transferred to Bombay. His Malayali-accented Hindi was perfectly in sync with his character. No?
And Priyan and Joshi? Man! Priyan is single-handedly responsible for some of Mohanlal’s worst excrescences and Joshi seemed to have only one demand of his script – every single one of the leads (and some of the side characters) has to die. Somehow. Doesn’t matter if he has to personally push them over the ledge!
Of the three you name, Sasi was the only one who, in my opinion, had his finger firmly on the big ‘masala’ pulse. Strong scripts, great actors – including the character artistes, and a well-delineated character arc for all of them. And he was way ahead of his time with his themes as well. (Even Avalude Raavukal didn’t deserve the bad rap it got outside the state.)
He cast superstars to type (think of Jayan in Angadi) and against (Mammootty in Aalkootathil Thaniye. And his collaborations with MT, T Damodaran and Padmarajan were brilliant.
amith
@Sreehari Yes, the films you mentioned blur the lines but do we really wanna live in a world where those are the only class of films made? Personally, I might include Thondimuthalum in my top
5 favourite films ever, but let’s not be delusional. There is a large group of people who absolutely detested it and some who weren’t a fan of Kumbalangi Nights. Sure it’s possible that at least some of their tastes in cinema might be questionable. Yet it’s not that these aren’t sensible people. Some might even be fans of a different style of cinema as it is common with any other creative art. For the genre, and especially the style they were aspiring for , I feel both the Naadir Shah films (despite the terrible climax of AAA) and Aadu [1] were legitimate cinema. Jeethu Joseph’s Drishyam and Roshan/ Bobby-Sanjays Mumbai Police are also examples of good plot driven films. The latter was also phenomenally well-made. Like MANK said, we need more of these and less of Kasaba/Villain.
@Anu Warrier. Totally agree about IV Sasi esp. Avalude Ravukal. Reputation of the old Priyadarshan – Mohanlal films has always surprised me. I, for one, absolutely love those and never understood why everyone consider something like Mazha Peyunnu Maddhalam Kottunnu / Aram+Aram Kinnaram as low brow and yet hail National Lampoon/Airplane as a classic and Oscar Wilde a genius. Plagiarism is the only reason I could think of.
Anu is right. Mohanlal was excellent in Company mainly because his accent suited the character. The way he tells “hamara kerala mein ek kahawat hai, cheh mahine milne ka baad yeh woh ho jaata hain aur woh yeh ho jata hai” was a joy to watch.
Sigh, What happened to that RGV !!! (sad)
@Sreehari I love all the new gen movies you mention and I agree with you to a certain extend. But to say “he[Priyadarshan] has made anything in his entire career that measures up to Maheshinte” is a bit strange.
The comparison itself is strange because the movies he made were of a totally different type. A movie does not have to be meandering, slice-of-life type cinema to be considered great. Priyadarshan’s movies were immensely entertaining and creative. The situations he created in his films are not realistic (duh!) but they were imaginative and damn funny! And he had a signature style.
He certainly has a place in the pantheons of great directors in Indian and Malayalam cinema.
@ vinjk, when I was raging against the mess Priyan had made of a particularly good Malayalam film (my feeble brain forgets which one, now) my brother quipped: ‘Priyadarshan hasn’t made a single original movie in Malayalam; what makes you think he’s going to make one in HIndi?’
Many of his films were straightforward remakes of films from other languages, and some of them were ripoffs from foreign films. I still maintain that he was totally responsible for typecasting Mohanlal into those valippu misogynistic comedies, which nevertheless became hits purely because of Lal.
@amith – I don’t consider National Lampoon or Airplane classics either.
But man, Oscar Wilde in the same breath? You don’t see the difference?
To be clear, I have nothing against screwball comedies; some of the best ones are those. But there’s a difference between some of the tripe that Priyan served up, and intelligently made comedies – sparkling wit and actors feeding off each other rather than the slapstick that tickled Priyan’s funny bones.
And I say this as someone who really liked Poochakkoru Mookuthi despite knowing the source material (which was better, by leaps and bounds). To be honest, that had more to do with Sukumari and Nedumudi Venu than Priyan’s directorial skills. Not to mention Lal at his natural best.
And just think of how he murdered Faraar – I mean, who the heck would think of casting Shankar in Amitabh Bachchan’s role? And even otherwise, he took what was a taut suspense thriller and made it into a khichdi.
Or that beautiful little film, Katha which he ‘adapted’ (scene by scene copy, if you please) without so much as a by your leave. He didn’t even credit the Marathi play that was the source material for Katha either.
Mukundetta isn’t a scene-by-scene copy. I don’t know how anyone, who has seen those two films, can actually make such a statement. And if I were to do just a performance-by-performance comparison, Mukundetta has, and continues to feel like a more ‘even’ film than Katha. The casting-against-type in Katha just didn’t work for me. Even if you were overlook the quality of the leads’ performance (except for Naval’s, maybe..which to me was the best turn in Katha), you can watch Mukundetta for the performances of those supporting actors alone — that aspect of the ‘community’ just isn’t there in Paranjpye’s original film.
I think Priyan’s films, in general, and, specifically, his use of slapstick, were hugely dependent on whether he was letting his actors use their bodies, or, whether they were all those camera-induced effects of men pushing each other out of the frame in Fibonacci fashion.
The key thing, however, is, Priyan never had any depth, or never had anything original to say about human nature or anything like that. I think he had good visual sense, and he used actors really well.
But such directors, who don’t quite have a ‘mind’ of their own, will always have a tough time as they age — because filmmaking is a young person’s medium at the end of the day. And Filmmakers who don’t have that ‘wisdom’ about them will always not age well.
I was watching Adoor’s Pinneyum recently — which features a terrible central performance by Dileep, and some shockingly amateurish filmmaking. But that movie has a lot of ‘wisdom’ in it. When you watch the film, you know it’s coming from a man who has thought about Life and Human Nature in some depth.
By that marker, Priyan had to taper off. On the other hand, I am very sure, Dileesh Pothan will always give you something interesting.
Abt Priyadarshan being a copycat… I too have this problem with this aspect of his works. But off-late I have feel it’s not a crime exactly…I feel he has really adapted those films to the suit malayali sensibilities and culture.
Arguments like films should impart wisdom and only then it’s “quality” cinema is just BS. To me, Priyadarshan films (80s and early 90s) are the equivalent of PG Wodehouse novels. I don’t see anyone say Wodehouse novels lack class or quality. Not all novels have to be like a Orhan Pamuk novel. Same goes for movies.
“Oscar Wilde in the same breath”
Yeah pretty sure I’m gonna regret this at some point. I mean I remember ‘reading’ Earnest and thinking “this is Priyadarshan, only better.” For Oscar Wilde, the mixups and humor were probably only devices to paint the bigger picture. The subtexts and sociopolitical commentary would have lost on me back then. Still, I realize it’s unlikely Mr. Wilde would have directed the torture scene inside the “Dakshayani Van” during the climax of Midhunam
Off Topic alertI find myself defending ( at times rather unreasonably) the older Priyan and Sreeni films since Shyam Pushkaran’s comments about them. It’s not that I didn’t agree with those observations. What I found frustrating was that he glossed over films made by/involving his associates, friends and mentors. I mean what was Rajeev Ravi thinking when he directed Annayum Rasoolum. I remember feeling a bit puzzled by all the stalking&harassment despite being younger and not very socially conscious at the time. Then there is Varathan, CIA, etc -all with problematic stretches.
Off Topic ends
I haven’t watched the original and was never a fan of “Mukundetta”. I don’t think it was very successful at the time of release. Make no mistake, Priyan has made some absolute trash like “Raakuyilin Ragasadassil”even in those days. Come to think of it, I haven’t watched the originals of a lot of his older films. Still FWIW I loved “Odaruthammava”, “Mazha Peyunnu” , “Poochakkoru” and “Aram+Aram” precisely because they were extremely self aware, stayed true to its intentionally silly tone throughout and had no pretensions which clouded some of his later works and resulted in disasters like Minnaram and Kilukkam (The humor still works for me). From the interviews of Jomon T John and a few other technicians, I gather Priyan played a large role in bringing technical finesse to mainstream Malayalam cinema. Not a testimony to the stories he told but I guess that does make him kinda important.
Arguments like films should impart wisdom and only then it’s “quality” cinema is just BS.
@vinjk – no arguments about that. I doubt any real film lover would claim that only ‘serious’ films merit greatness.
But a bit like my quibble with amith about Priyadarshan being compared to Wilde, I would like to disagree about your comparison with Wodehouse. Again, like Wilde, Wodehouse’s plots were farcical, but his wit was intelligent. The same cannot be said about Priyan.
@amith – 🙂 Oscar Wilde’s plots may be farcical but his wit was impeccable. And it’s that interplay between characters that make his commentary on socio-political mores so enthralling.
@Sreehari – I sit corrected. I watched Mukundetta… when it first released. I faintly remember thinking – at the time – that it was a mostly a scene-by-scene copy of Katha. I haven’t revisited it to correct my impression.
Re: the casting, though – even though it surprised me, I bought it. I thought Farooque nailed the slightly flashy character very well indeed.
A serious query – if Farooque and Naseer being cast against type was an issue, doesn’t that argue for why film-makers play safe by stereotyping actors? So then, Farooque would have continued to be the paavam guy he played in every other film.
“Wodehouse’s plots…., but his wit was intelligent.”
Not sure I’d call his wit intelligent. May be it is. All I know is I find myself laughing out loud, even in public places, while reading his novels and short stories.
At least that’s how I react to Priyadarshan’s early movies as well.
Wodehouse writes humour so beautifully! In movies you have to bring it to life visually with some assistance from dialogues. I’d give the benefit of doubt to Priyadarshan as he doesn’t have the luxury to give elaborate setup/description to his humour.
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N. K. Whitney & Co.
A partnership between Newel K. Whitney and Sidney Gilbert; later the branch of the United Firm responsible for overseeing the church’s mercantile endeavors in Kirtland, Ohio.
Staker, Hearken, O Ye People, 217; Minutes, 26–27 Apr. 1832; Note, 9 Jan. 1833.
Comprehensive Works Cited
Staker, Mark L. Hearken, O Ye People: The Historical Setting of Joseph Smith’s Ohio Revelations. Salt Lake City: Greg Kofford Books, 2009.
In late 1826 or early 1827, Whitney and Gilbert established this partnership to operate Whitney’s Kirtland store.
Staker, Hearken, O Ye People, 217.
The partnership was designated a branch of the United Firm in 1832.
Minutes, 26–27 Apr. 1832.
N. K. Whitney & Co. operated an ashery and, beginning in 1833, took over ownership of the French farm in Kirtland.
Parkin, “Joseph Smith and the United Firm,” 19–22.
Parkin, Max H. “Joseph Smith and the United Firm: The Growth and Decline of the Church’s First Master Plan of Business and Finance, Ohio and Missouri, 1832–1834.” BYU Studies 46, no. 3 (2007): 5–66.
Although the United Firm was reorganized in April 1834 and Gilbert died two months later, N. K. Whitney & Co. continued to operate the Kirtland store until 1838.
Revelation, 23 Apr. 1834 [D&C 104:47–50]; Parkin, “Joseph Smith and the United Firm,” 33–34; “Afflicting,” The Evening and the Morning Star, July 1834, 176; Staker, “Thou Art the Man,” 117.
The Evening and the Morning Star. Independence, MO, June 1832–July 1833; Kirtland, OH, Dec. 1833–Sept. 1834.
Staker, Mark L. “‘Thou Art the Man’: Newel K. Whitney in Ohio.” BYU Studies 42, no. 1 (2003): 75–138.
See also “United Firm” and “Gilbert, Whitney & Co.”
History, 1838–1856, volume A-1 [23 December 1805–30 August 1834]
Balance of Account, 23 April 1834
Blessing to Newel K. Whitney, 7 October 1835
Introduction to Johnson v. Remonstrants
Letter from Oliver Cowdery, 28 January 1832
Letter to Church Leaders in Jackson County, Missouri, 2 July 1833
Letterbook 1
Minutes, 11 September 1833
Minutes, 17 March 1834
Minutes, 26–27 April 1832
Minutes, circa 1 May 1832
Note to Newel K. Whitney, circa October 1833–Early 1834
Note, 9 January 1833
Order from Newel K. Whitney, 18 April 1834
Revelation, 1 March 1832 [D&C 78]
Revelation, 11 September 1831 [D&C 64]
Revelation, 23 April 1834 [D&C 104]
Revelation, 28 April 1834
Revelation, 30 August 1831 [D&C 63]
Revelation, 4 June 1833 [D&C 96]
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Home News Next iPhone Could Launch with a Fullscreen Display, Patent Reveals
Next iPhone Could Launch with a Fullscreen Display, Patent Reveals
Apple expects to ship over 100 million iPhones next year. It’s a massive number to throw down, especially when the smartphone sales have slowed down. But, a new patent today surfaced online and it could be the reason for the company’s confidence in shipments for next year.
The patent application, first spotted by LetsGoDigital, showcases a new Apple device that appears to be the iPhone but could be the next-gen iPod Touch as well. We are skeptical about this being an iPhone patent for one reason. The sketches in the patent application (attached below) do not boast a notch up-top as is the case with current-gen iPhones.
The sketches showcase a device with a fullscreen display, no notch and well, bezels on the front and a vertical camera setup on the rear. The strange thing, however, is that the renders have a power button, mute switch, and volume rockers but skip on the selfie camera. Also, we cannot see any reference to Face ID hardware that currently sits inside the notch and makes for the only unlocking mechanism available aboard the iPhone.
The report further suggests that what you see above could be a rough design sketch for next year’s iPhone. It says that Apple will not only introduce an in-display selfie camera, but would also nix Face ID in favor of an in-display fingerprint sensor. This seems highly unlikely as Apple’s Face ID is superior to other facial recognition technologies in play. It would also not ditch the notch abruptly and bring back Touch ID in a new avatar.
The patent application, as reported by GSMArena, declares that it’s a partial patent. The device may be registered as a ‘computer with communication function’ but Apple is only filing the patent for the display and the broken line outer shell of the device is there for reference. The report doesn’t go into the details about the display itself, so we sure are short on details on that front.
So, if we were to speculate, the patent could most likely be for the new iPod Touch that arrives next year. We saw an iPod refresh earlier this year but it sported the same older Touch ID-laden design as opposed to the addition of Face ID in the mix. Another guess could be that Apple is looking to introduce a new iPhone lineup and it will house a new display. It’s only a patent application though and there’s no guarantee that the display technology will find its way into any product down the road.
SOURCELetsGoDigital
2020 iPhone
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Loss of function of the Drosophila Ninein-related centrosomal protein Bsg25D causes mitotic defects and impairs embryonic development
Michelle Kowanda, Julie Bergalet, Michal Wieczorek, Gary Brouhard, Éric Lécuyer, Paul Lasko
Michelle Kowanda
Department of Biology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 0B1, Canada
Julie Bergalet
RNA Biology Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
Michal Wieczorek
Gary Brouhard
Éric Lécuyer
RNA Biology Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, CanadaDépartement de Biochimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3T 1J4, CanadaDivision of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A3, Canada
Paul Lasko
ORCID record for Paul Lasko
For correspondence: paul.lasko@mcgill.ca
The centrosome-associated proteins Ninein (Nin) and Ninein-like protein (Nlp) play significant roles in microtubule stability, nucleation and anchoring at the centrosome in mammalian cells. Here, we investigate Blastoderm specific gene 25D (Bsg25D), which encodes the only Drosophila protein that is closely related to Nin and Nlp. In early embryos, we find that Bsg25D mRNA and Bsg25D protein are closely associated with centrosomes and astral microtubules. We show that sequences within the coding region and 3′UTR of Bsg25D mRNAs are important for proper localization of this transcript in oogenesis and embryogenesis. Ectopic expression of eGFP-Bsg25D from an unlocalized mRNA disrupts microtubule polarity in mid-oogenesis and compromises the distribution of the axis polarity determinant Gurken. Using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, we show that an N-terminal fragment of Bsg25D can bind microtubules in vitro and can move along them, predominantly toward minus-ends. While flies homozygous for a Bsg25D null mutation are viable and fertile, 70% of embryos lacking maternal and zygotic Bsg25D do not hatch and exhibit chromosome segregation defects, as well as detachment of centrosomes from mitotic spindles. We conclude that Bsg25D is a centrosomal protein that, while dispensable for viability, nevertheless helps ensure the integrity of mitotic divisions in Drosophila.
Establishment of embryonic patterning in Drosophila melanogaster requires localized translation of numerous maternally deposited mRNAs in specific regions of the embryo during the initial nuclear divisions in the syncytial stage of embryogenesis (Lasko, 2012). Drosophila primordial germ cells, often called pole cells, are specified by localized posterior determinants, many of which are translated from mRNAs that accumulate in the posterior pole plasm of the oocyte and early embryo. At least 11 mRNAs known to be involved in pole cell development and/or embryonic patterning transiently accumulate in a perinuclear pattern around the pole cell nuclei during nuclear division 9 in embryogenesis, namely germ cell-less (Jongens et al., 1992), polar granule component (Hanyu-Nakamura et al., 2008), nanos (nos) (Wang and Lehmann, 1991), spire (Dahlgaard et al., 2007), Tao (Sato et al., 2007), arrest (Parisi et al., 2001), exuperantia (Winslow et al., 1988), oo18 RNA-Binding Protein (Lantz et al., 1994), tramtrack (Read et al., 1992), cyclin B (Kadyrova et al., 2007), and pumilio (Asaoka-Taguchi et al., 1999; Lécuyer et al., 2007). One of these mRNAs, nos, is first anchored to the posterior actin cytoskeleton, and then transported to the migrating posterior nuclei by the motor protein Dynein along astral microtubules (Lerit and Gavis, 2011). Vasa protein (Vas), a DEAD-box helicase essential for germ cell specification, localizes in the same pattern (Lerit and Gavis, 2011). It is assumed that other mRNAs with the same distribution pattern localize through a similar mechanism, although this has not been directly investigated.
In the early Drosophila embryo the first ten rounds of nuclear divisions are synchronous and are not coupled to cytokinesis (Foe and Alberts, 1983). During this period, nuclei migrate toward the periphery of the embryo. The next three rounds of nuclear division remain synchronous and uncoupled to cell divisions, except at the posterior pole of the embryo, where nuclei migrate through the germ plasm, slow their divisions and become incorporated within pole cells, the first distinctive cells to form in the embryo. Centrosomes that associate with the nuclei that migrate to the posterior trigger the release of germ plasm components, such as nos and Vas, from the embryonic posterior cortex, enabling Dynein-dependent transport into the pole cells as they form (Lerit and Gavis, 2011). This suggests that germ cell specification might be particularly sensitive to the activities of centrosome-associated proteins. Consistent with this, a role for Neurl4, a centrosome-associated protein, in germ cell specification and integrity has recently been revealed (Jones and Macdonald, 2015).
A centrosome typically consists of a pair of centrioles surrounded by pericentriolar material, and it is from this structure that spindle and astral microtubules emanate (Azimzadeh and Bornens, 2007). Centrioles contain nine triplets of microtubules with proximal and distal ends (Vorobjev and Nadezhdina, 1987). The pericentriolar material is a highly organized structure (Fu and Glover, 2012; Lawo et al., 2012). Stringent control of the centrosome and centrioles is vital since abnormalities in spindle pole function can lead to genomic instability. Centrosomes in syncytial Drosophila embryos differ in composition from those of other animals; they are considered immature because they are shorter and have no clear difference between their proximal and distal ends (Gonzalez et al., 1998). In addition, centriole duplication occurs after centrosome separation (Callaini and Riparbelli, 1990). This is unlike in mammalian cells where duplication takes place prior to centrosome division (Callaini et al., 1997). Despite these differences, many proteins involved in centrosomal structure and function are conserved between mammals and flies (Woodruff et al., 2014).
In the context of the link between centrosomes and targeting of pole plasm components to the presumptive pole cells, we decided to investigate Blastoderm specific gene 25D (Bsg25D), because it produces an mRNA that localizes to the posterior pole in a similar pattern to nos and the other RNAs mentioned above, and because it encodes a protein related to mammalian Ninein (Nin) and Ninein-like Protein (Nlp), centrosomal proteins involved in microtubule organization (Casenghi et al., 2003; Stillwell et al., 2004). Bsg25D was among the first genes to be molecularly characterized in Drosophila, and was initially reported to be transcribed only during the blastoderm stage of embryogenesis (Boyer et al., 1987; Roark et al., 1985). However, recent results with more sensitive techniques have shown that, while Bsg25D is most abundantly expressed in early embryos, it is also expressed during many developmental stages (Roy et al., 2010; Wasbrough et al., 2010; BDGP in situ homepage: http://insitu.fruitfly.org/cgi-bin/ex/insitu.pl). Bsg25D mRNA is both maternally contributed during oogenesis and zygotically expressed in syncytial blastoderm stage embryos (Lécuyer et al., 2007; Tomancak et al., 2007). This transcript is localized to the posterior pole plasm in early embryogenesis and exhibits a prominent perinuclear pattern around the pole cell nuclei during nuclear division 9, similar to nos and the other mRNAs discussed above, as well as peri-centrosomal localization in the somatic region of the embryo (Iampietro et al., 2014).
To explore the cellular and developmental roles of Bsg25D, we produced loss-of-function mutants and used them to investigate its functions during oogenesis and early embryogenesis. We show that Bsg25D protein and mRNA co-localize to centrosomes and microtubules in vivo and that a purified form of Bsg25D protein can bind to microtubules in vitro. Furthermore, the localization of Bsg25D in oogenesis and embryogenesis is dictated by separable localization elements within the coding region and 3′ UTR, while mislocalization of Bsg25D in oocytes affects microtubule polarity and subsequent embryonic patterning. Finally, we find that maternal and zygotic expression of Bsg25D is important for full embryonic viability and that mutant embryos frequently exhibit mitotic divisions prior to the midblastula transition (MBT) in embryogenesis.
Localization of Bsg25D mRNA and protein is dynamic in oogenesis
We first sought to characterize the distribution of Bsg25D mRNA and protein in oogenesis and early embryogenesis as a means of identifying possible sites where its function is required. In situ hybridization experiments indicated that Bsg25D mRNA is expressed throughout oogenesis. Like many other mRNAs that are ultimately destined for the posterior pole plasm, Bsg25D accumulates in the oocyte of stage 2-7 egg chambers. Unlike these others, however, Bsg25D mRNA becomes most concentrated at both the anterior and posterior poles of the oocyte from stage 10 onward (Fig. 1A-D). Immunohistochemical experiments using an antiserum that recognizes Bsg25D (Iampietro et al., 2014) revealed that its protein expression largely mirrored that of its mRNA until stage 10, when anterior accumulation of the protein is not as apparent as for the mRNA (Fig. 1E-H).
Localization of Bsg25D RNA and protein in oogenesis and early embryogenesis. (A-D) Bsg25D RNA (red) and (E-H) Bsg25D protein (green) share a similar localization pattern in oogenesis. (I-L) Localization of Bsg25D RNA (red) and (M-P) Bsg25D protein (green) in stage 2-5 of embryos. Photographs show only the posterior halves of embryos to emphasize the accumulation of Bsg25D mRNA and protein in the posterior pole plasm. (Q) High-magnification image showing Bsg25D (green) and Cnn (red) accumulation near the somatic nuclei (blue) of a syncytial blastoderm stage embryo. (R) High-magnification image showing the distribution of Bsg25D RNA (red) and Bsg25D protein (green) in posterior the pole cells and mitotic somatic nuclei of a syncytial blastoderm stage embryo. For all images scale bar=50 µm.
In situ hybridization experiments confirmed previous evidence indicating that Bsg25D mRNA is enriched at the posterior of the embryo in its earliest stages of development, and then accumulates in the pole buds and pole cells as they form (Fig. 1I-L). Localization of Bsg25D mRNA to the posterior pole plasm is not absolute and some is apparent in somatic regions of the embryo as well, where it accumulates in two puncta on opposite sides of each nucleus (Iampietro et al., 2014; Lécuyer et al., 2007) (Fig. 1J). Immunohistochemical staining showed that Bsg25D protein is distributed in a similar pattern (Fig. 1M-P). To determine the relationship between Bsg25D puncta and centrosomes, we carried out double labeling experiments with antisera recognizing Bsg25D and the expression of centrosomal component Centrosomin fused to GFP (Cnn-GFP). We observed that Bsg25D and Cnn-GFP foci were closely associated, and that the foci of Bsg25D staining are generally larger than those of Cnn-GFP (Fig. 1Q). In many cases the Cnn signal was completely enveloped by the Bsg25D signal. Using a similar approach we also observed colocalization between Bsg25D and γ-tubulin throughout mitosis, but not with α-tubulin (Fig. S1). These results indicate that Bsg25D is a component of Drosophila centrosomes, or associates closely with them. Remarkably, Bsg25D mRNA also co-localized with centrosomes, both in posterior pole cells and in the somatic region of the embryo (Fig. 1Q,R). The accumulation of both Bsg25D mRNA and Bsg25D protein at centrosomes suggests that Bsg25D mRNA is translated locally there.
Generation of Bsg25D mutant alleles
To investigate Bsg25D function, we next used the ends-out gene targeting method (Maggert et al., 2008) to produce premature-termination (Bsg25D N, first 353 amino acids) and null (Bsg25D Null) alleles of Bsg25D (Fig. 2B). Bsg25D, like Nin and Nlp, has numerous coiled-coil domains (Fig. 2A). It also contains a predicted Smc chromosome segregation ATPase domain (Marchler-Bauer et al., 2015) that is also found in Nin, but not in Nlp (Fig. 2A). Nin and Nlp also contain predicted EF-hand domain pairs in their N-terminal regions (Fig. 2A). While substantial sequence similarity between Bsg25D and these proteins is present in their N-termini, some of the conserved residues of EF-hands are absent in Bsg25D. Based on these relationships we consider Bsg25D to be a closer orthologue to Nin than to Nlp. Bsg25D N lacks the Smc domain and all but one of the coiled domains (Fig. 2A-C). However, a similar N-terminal fragment of mouse Nin was found to co-purify, in co-immunoprecipitation and pull-down experiments, with γ-tubulin containing complexes (Delgehyr et al., 2005). The Bsg25D Null allele does not detectably express Bsg25D protein at all (Fig. 2B,C).
Mutant alleles of Bsg25D generated through gene targeting. (A) Schematic of Nin, Nlp, Bsg25D and BsgN proteins. Nin isoform 1 (UniProt identifier Q8N4C6-1) and Nlp isoform 1 (UniProt identifier Q9Y2I6-1), both considered the canonical isoform, and Bsg25D-PB are shown here. EF-hand domains (light grey), coiled-coil domains (black), and the Smc domain (red box) are shown (Dinkel et al., 2016; Hong et al., 2000; Letunic et al., 2006; Sigrist et al., 2012; Wang and Zhan, 2007). (B) Schematic diagram of Bsg25D, showing the ORFs of seven different predicted Bsg25D transcripts and the sites at which the gene targeting vector pw25.5 was inserted. (C) Immunoblot of ovary lysates from Oregon-R wild-type controls (lane 1), Bsg25D N/Bsg25D N (lane 2) and Bsg25D Null/Bsg25D Null (lane 3). The bands observed correspond to Bsg25D full-length isoforms from different alternatively spliced transcripts (<), a truncated isoform corresponding to the size predicted for Bsg25DN/Bsg25DN (∼) and a non-specific band present in all lysates (*). α-tubulin was used for a loading control.
Bsg25D mRNA localization involves elements within both its coding region and its 3′ UTR
We next aimed to identify potential localization elements in Bsg25D mRNA and to investigate whether localization of the mRNA is relevant to its in vivo function, we generated a series of transgenic fly lines (Fig. 3A). The genotypes of these flies were confirmed through PCR, northern blot, and immunostaining (Fig. S2A-D). UASp-eGFP-Bsg25D _CR_3′UTR (CR_3′UTR) flies expressed the full-length coding region of Bsg25D (isoform RB) along with the 3′ UTR, UASp-eGFP-Bsg25D _CR (CR) expressed the full-length coding region but lacked the 3′ UTR, and UASp-eGFP-Bsg25D _3′UTR (3′UTR) expressed only the 3′ UTR. UASp-eGFP (GFP) flies, expressing eGFP alone, served as a negative control.
Bsg25D RNA contains localization elements within the coding region and 3′ UTR. (A) Schematic diagram of the transgenic constructs used, eGFP (green), Bsg25D-PB coding region (white), Bsg25D 3′ UTR (grey). (B-E) Distribution of transgenically-expressed mRNAs in stage 10 oocytes as shown by in situ hybridization, using a probe recognizing GFP, in the Bsg25D Null/Df(2L)6011 (−/Df) genetic background. The coding region alone promotes localization to the anterior pole, while the 3′ UTR promotes posterior localization. (F,G) Posterior localization is not apparent in early stage 10 oocytes expressing full-length GFP-Bsg25D (F) but is evident in similar stage oocytes expressing only GFP fused to the Bsg25D 3′ UTR (G). (H-K) Distribution of GFP-reporter mRNAs in early embryos expressing the transgenes as shown by in situ hybridization, using a probe recognizing GFP, in a wild-type genetic background. The 3′ UTR is essential for accumulation of these RNAs into the pole plasm and pole cells. All images scale bar=50 µm.
Using these transgenic lines, we conducted in situ hybridization experiments with an eGFP probe to examine the distribution of transgenic eGFP-Bsg25D mRNAs in oocytes lacking endogenous Bsg25D. As expected, eGFP was uniformly distributed in the oocytes of Bsg25D Null/Df; GFP/NGV (expressed with nanos-GAL4-VP16) females (Fig. 3B). When the full-length eGFP-Bsg25D transgene containing the 3′ UTR was expressed (Bsg25D Null/Df; CR_3′UTR/NGV), eGFP distribution faithfully reproduced the pattern of endogenous Bsg25D (Fig. 3C, compare with Fig. 1D). In contrast, eGFP-Bsg25D mRNA containing the coding region alone (Bsg25D Null/Df; CR/NGV) was concentrated at the anterior of the oocyte and did not accumulate at the oocyte posterior at stage 10a (Fig. 3D). Conversely, transgenic flies expressing only the eGFP-Bsg25D 3′ UTR (Bsg25D Null/Df; 3′UTR/NGV) precociously localized eGFP-Bsg25D RNA to the posterior at early stage 10 (Fig. 3E-G). Similar localization patterns are observed when these transgenes are expressed in a wild-type background (Fig. S2E-H).
Next, we examined the distribution of these transgenic mRNAs in otherwise wild-type embryos. In embryos from NGV; GFP mothers, eGFP is found generally in the cytoplasm (Fig. 3H). However, in embryos from flies expressing the Bsg25D coding region and 3′ UTR (NGV; CR_3′UTR), the chimeric mRNA localized to centrosomes in both the germline and the somatic region of the embryo (Fig. 3I). By contrast, eGFP- Bsg25D _CR (NGV; CR) mRNA specifically associated with somatic centrosomes and was largely absent from pole cells (Fig. 3J), while eGFP- Bsg25D _3′UTR (NGV; 3′UTR) mRNA was mostly enriched in pole cells (Fig. 3K). This suggests the presence of separable localization elements, one residing in the Bsg25D coding region mediating anterior/somatic targeting, and the other within the 3′ UTR of Bsg25D directing posterior localization, a pattern established during oogenesis.
Mislocalization of Bsg25D affects microtubule polarity and Gurken deployment in the developing oocyte
Ninein family members are involved in microtubule anchoring and nucleation. Therefore, we investigated whether mislocalizing Bsg25D would have an effect on microtubule arrangement in oogenesis, since microtubules are dynamic throughout oogenesis (Parton et al., 2011). We investigated microtubule organization in oocytes expressing the various forms of eGFP-Bsg25D used to study localization of its mRNA. First, we compared the distribution of eGFP signal to the distribution of the transgenic chimeric mRNAs. When eGFP protein was expressed on its own (Bsg25D Null/Df; GFP/NGV; Fig. 4A), we detected weak accumulation near the oocyte nucleus, most likely as a consequence of the K10 terminator element present in the vector. Much more robust targeting of GFP to the oocyte resulted from expression of eGFP-Bsg25D with or without its 3′ UTR, and the distribution of eGFP reflected that of the corresponding mRNA (Fig. 4B,C, compare with Fig. 3C,D). Asymmetric localization of eGFP requires the presence of the Bsg25D coding region, since eGFP alone expressed with the Bsg25D 3′ UTR does not accumulate at the posterior of the oocyte (Bsg25D Null/Df; 3′UTR/NGV; Fig. 4D). Immunostaining for Dhc was then used as an indirect means of assessing microtubule polarization; in wild-type oocytes Dhc accumulates at the posterior pole during mid-oogenesis in a microtubule-dependent manner (Palacios and St Johnston, 2002). In a Bsg25D Null genetic background, transgenic lines expressing eGFP, eGFP-Bsg25D _CR_3′UTR, or eGFP-Bsg25D _3′UTR, showed correct posterior localization of Dhc (Fig. 4A,B,D). However, when only the coding region of Bsg25D was expressed in fusion with eGFP, (Bsg25D Null/Df; CR/NGV), posterior accumulation of Dhc was reduced (Fig. 4C). The NGV driver produced variable levels of expression of eGFP-Bsg25D_CR in different individual egg chambers, and we observed that expression of eGFP-Bsg25D _CR correlated inversely with posterior Dhc localization. With very low expression of eGFP-Bsg25D_CR, Dhc localization is unaffected (Fig. S3A-C). This suggests that, while loss of Bsg25D does not affect microtubule polarity as measured in this assay, ectopic expression and mislocalization of Bsg25D may disrupt the polarization of microtubule minus-ends to the posterior pole of the oocyte.
Ectopic expression of GFP-Bsg25D affects microtubule polarity and Grk deployment. (A-D) GFP (A) or GFP-Bsg25D (B,C) distribution in the transgenic lines also examined in Fig. 5, in a Bsg25D Null/Df(2L)6011 (−/Df) genetic background. Note that the anterior accumulation of GFP-Bsg25D protein is more pronounced when the 3′ UTR is absent from the mRNA (compare C with B). (D) GFP protein alone lacking Bsg25D sequences does not stably accumulate at the posterior of the oocyte (top panel). Posterior localization of endogenous Dhc (red) is reduced in oocytes expressing GFP-Bsg25D lacking the 3′UTR as compared to other constructs (middle panels, compare C with the others). (E-H) Distribution of Gurken in oocytes expressing transgenic GFP-Bsg25D constructs. Expression of GFP-Bsg25D lacking the 3′UTR correlates with reduced accumulation of Grk near the oocyte nucleus (compare G with the others). Scale bar=50 µm. (I) Graph showing the proportion of embryos lacking dorsal appendages produced from females expressing transgenic GFP-Bsg25D constructs. Asterisks indicate statistical significance (P<0.05), and graph displays mean±s.e.m.
Next, we examined Gurken (Grk) localization in these oocytes, since proper targeting of this protein is dependent on microtubule polarization and on Dynein (MacDougall et al., 2003). In wild-type oogenesis Grk localizes to the antero-dorsal cortex at stage 8, forming a crescent around the oocyte nucleus (Neuman-Silberberg and Schüpbach, 1996). This localization pattern was observed in ovaries from Bsg25D Null flies expressing eGFP, eGFP-Bsg25D _CR_3′UTR, or eGFP-Bsg25D _3′UTR (Fig. 4E,F,H,J). Grk localization is reduced in stage 8 egg chambers expressing eGFP-Bsg25D _CR (Fig. 4G), although like Dynein, the intensity of localized Grk inversely correlates with the level of eGFP-Bsg25D _CR expression (Fig. S3D). There also appeared to be posterior extension of the Grk domain in some oocytes expressing eGFP-Bsg25D _CR (Fig. 4G), although variable expression of the transgene, as well as variability in the Grk domain even in wild-type egg chambers (Caceras and Nilson, 2005), makes it difficult to draw firm conclusions about the robustness of this phenotype. We also observed that more embryos produced by females expressing eGFP-Bsg25D _CR lacked dorsal appendages, as compared to those produced from wild-type females or from females expressing any of the other transgenic constructs (Fig. 4I). This phenotype could be rescued by endogenous Bsg25D (Fig. S3E-F). This suggests that the persistence of Bsg25D at the oocyte anterior may result in a failure to properly target Grk during mid-oogenesis, affecting dorsal appendage formation.
Bsg25D can bind microtubules, and with Dynein can move along microtubules toward their minus-ends, in vitro
Next, we explored the dynamics of Bsg25D association with microtubules in vitro. To determine whether Bsg25D can associate with microtubules, we used total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRF) to conduct live imaging of purified Bsg25D and microtubules (Gell et al., 2010). For these experiments, because we were unable to express full-length Bsg25D in bacteria despite repeated efforts, we used BsgN, the truncated form of Bsg25D containing only the N-terminal 353 amino acids (Fig. S4). We found that purified BsgN alone in BRB80 buffer bound efficiently to microtubules, unlike the control protein Dynein light chain 90f (Dlc90f), which requires Dynein intermediate chain (Dic) and Dynein heavy chain (Dhc) to bind to microtubules (Fig. 5A-D; Movies 1, 2) (Song et al., 2007). BsgN bound diffusely to microtubules, with no specific preference for minus- or plus-ends (Fig. 5C,D), and no binding events were ever observed for Dlc90f (Fig. 5A,B). Next, we used a microtubule pull-down assay (modified from Amrute-Nayak and Bullock, 2012; Lindesmith et al., 2001) to purify motor proteins from Drosophila embryo lysates (Fig. 5E). These isolated motor protein complexes were then imaged by TIRF microscopy to observe potential transport of Dlc90f and BsgN protein molecules. In this manner, we detected transport of both Dlc90f (Fig. 5F,G; Movie 3) and BsgN (Fig. 5H,I; Movie 4). Movement events were observed more frequently for BsgN than for the control protein Dlc90f (Fig. 5D). Furthermore, purified motor protein Kinesin-1 (Kin1) was used to indicate microtubule plus-ends after Bsg25DN imaging. This was done by flowing buffer into the channel to wash away Bsg25DN protein-motor protein complexes, and subsequently flowing into the same channel Kin1 and 1 mM ATP. In this way we determined that the movement of these proteins is in the minus-end direction, suggesting this movement is Dynein-dependent for Dlc90f (Fig. 5J; Movies 5, 6), and BsgN (Fig. 5K; Movies 7, 8).
Bsg25D is a microtubule binding protein. (A,B) TIRF imaging of purified Alexa Fluor 488-labelled GST-Dlc90f (green) and tetramethylrhodamine-labelled bovine microtubules (red) in BRB80 buffer. No binding is observed either in the kymograph (A) or in direct images (B). (C,D) TIRF imaging of purified Alexa Fluor 488-labelled GST-BsgN (green) and tetramethylrhodamine-labelled bovine microtubules (red) in BRB80 buffer. Binding is evident both in the kymograph (C) and in direct images (D). (E) Schematic diagram of the microtubule pull-down assay used to purify motor proteins from Drosophila embryo lysate, a detailed description is provided in Materials and Methods. (F,G) With addition of purified motor proteins, movement events along microtubules were recorded for GST-Dlc90f in (F) a kymograph (arrows point to the beginning and end of a movement) and in (G) a series of still images from a movie. In (G) the open arrows point to the ends of a microtubule, while the closed arrow points to a GST-Dlc90f molecule. (H,I) With addition of purified motor proteins, movement events along microtubules were also recorded for GST-BsgN in (H) a kymograph and in (I) a series of still images from a movie. Arrows are as in F,G. (J,K) Kymographs comparing movement events of (J) GST-Dlc90f and (K) His-BsgN with those of Kinesin-1 imaging to indicate direction of movement. Movements are indicated with white arrows, GST-Dlc90f and GST-BsgN move in the opposite direction to Kinesin-1. In all images, scale bar=2 µm.
We measured the speed of Kin1 movement as 0.864±0.047 μm s−1 (means±s.e.m.; n=34), which is consistent with earlier measurements of its in vitro velocity (Howard et al., 1989). We also found that Dlc90f and BsgN moved at nearly identical speeds of 0.983±0.109 μm s−1 (n=23) and 0.978±0.074 μm s−1 (n=30), respectively, and these measurements are consistent with earlier analyses of Dynein movement in 1 mM ATP (Paschal et al., 1987; Ross et al., 2006).
Bsg25D functions in vivo to ensure accurate chromosome segregation during early embryonic nuclear divisions
Our analysis of hemizygous flies, in which the Bsg25D Null allele was combined with a deficiency chromosome, Df(2L)Exel6011, which deletes the Bsg25D locus, revealed that Bsg25D Null/Df(2L)Exel6011 flies are viable and sufficiently fertile to be maintained as a stock. To evaluate more clearly whether Bsg25D loss-of-function impacts embryonic development, we next performed quantitative embryo viability assays following different crossing schemes. We first examined embryos from Bsg25D Null/Df(2L)Exel6011 females crossed to Bsg25D Null/Df(2L)Exel6011 males, which lack both maternally- and zygotically-expressed Bsg25D, and found however that approximately 70% failed to complete embryogenesis and did not hatch (Fig. 6A). We obtained similar results from embryos produced by Bsg25D Null/Bsg25D Null females crossed to Bsg25D Null/Bsg25D Null males, and from Bsg25D N/Bsg25D N females crossed to Bsg25D N/Bsg25D N males. Complete viability was recovered when Bsg25D Null/Df(2L)Exel6011 females were crossed to wild-type males or when wild-type virgin females were crossed to Bsg25D Null/Df(2L)Exel6011 males (Fig. 6A). We conclude that Bsg25D function is required for embryonic development and that either the maternal contribution of Bsg25D, or its early zygotic expression, is sufficient for its function in embryogenesis.
Bsg25D mutant embryos have a reduced hatching rate and exhibit mitotic defects. (A) Graph comparing frequency of hatching for embryos produced by females of the following genotypes crossed to males of the same genotype: Oregon-R (+/+), Df(2L)6011 heterozygotes (+/Df), Bsg25D Null/Df(2L)6011 (−/Df), and Bsg25D Null/Bsg25D Null (−/−). Asterisks indicate statistical significance (P<0.05) and data is displayed as mean±s.e.m. Embryonic viability is recovered when either Bsg25D Null/Df(2L)Exel6011 females were crossed to wild-type males, or wild-type females were crossed to Bsg25D Null/Df(2L)Exel6011 males. (B) Graph showing the frequency of Oregon-R (+/+) and Bsg25D Null (−/−) embryos exhibiting mitotic errors at three developmental time points. (C) DAPI staining of a wild-type embryo illustrating a typical regular arrangement of syncytial nuclei. (D,E) Examples of embryos graded as having mild mitotic defects. (D) An embryo with a region of nuclear fallout (white dashed line) and (E) an embryo with numerous anaphase bridges (arrows). (F) Anti-α-tubulin, anti-γ-tubulin immunostaining and DAPI staining of a wild-type embryo showing mitotic spindles. (G,H) Examples of embryos graded as having severe mitotic defects. (G) Two images of the same embryo showing two tripolar mitotic divisions (arrows) with γ-tubulin attached to mitotic spindle and (H) an embryo showing a tripolar spindle with γ-tubulin delocalized from mitotic spindle. Inset, with DAPI channel removed for better visualization of α-tubulin and γ-tubulin. In all images scale bar=50 µm.
We next examined the initial nuclear divisions in Bsg25D Null/Bsg25D Null embryos by staining their chromosomes with DAPI. This revealed that many such embryos exhibit excessive nuclear clearance from the embryo cortex (nuclear fallout) compared to wild-type controls (Fig. 6C,D). Moreover, Bsg25D Null/Bsg25D Null embryos showed abnormal nuclear aggregates, both large and small, and bridges between chromosomes, indicating failed chromatid separation (Fig. 6B,E). These defects in nuclear division ranged from mild (Fig. 6B-E), where the normal uniform pattern of nuclear divisions continues through the usual 13 rounds despite the phenotypes described above, to severe, where nuclear divisions fail resulting in embryonic lethality (Fig. 6B,G,H). Severely affected embryos do not cellularize and often display monopolar (not shown) and tripolar spindles (Fig. 6G,H). Many embryos were observed to have chromosome segregation defects in their initial nuclear cycles; however, in these early stage embryos the centrosomal marker γ-tubulin appeared to be localized normally, exhibiting a tight association with the mitotic spindle, as seen in wild-type specimens (Fig. 6F,G; Movie 9). In slightly older Bsg25D Null embryos, which had undergone more nuclear cycles, delocalization of the centrosome from the mitotic spindle can be observed (Fig. 6H; Movie 10). This suggests that a subset of Bsg25D Null embryos fail to properly anchor centrosomes to the mitotic spindle, which may contribute to embryonic lethality.
Finally, to determine whether pole cell specification is particularly sensitive to Bsg25D function, we counted pole cells from embryos lacking Bsg25D that developed as far as the cellular blastoderm stage and from control embryos. We observed a modest decrease in pole cell number in progeny embryos from crosses among Bsg25D Null/Df(2L)Exel6011 male and female flies that was statistically significant with respect to wild-type controls (29±0.81 vs 34±1.97, P=0.010). When we made other similar comparisons, we also observed small decreases consequent to loss of Bsg25D activity that were however not statistically significant (Bsg25D Null/Df(2L)Exel6011; GFP/NGV, 29±1.87 pole cells, P=0.056 when compared with wild-type, and Bsg25D N/Bsg25D N, 30±1.58 pole cells, P=0.102 when compared with wild-type). We therefore cannot conclude that Bsg25D has a particular function in pole cell specification. However, since a significant number of embryos lacking Bsg25D activity are unable to complete more than nine rounds of nuclear divisions, and consequently do not reach the stage of development when pole cells would form, we could not include such embryos in our analyses.
In this work, we observed that a purified fragment of Bsg25D can bind to microtubules in vitro, and in the presence of purified motor proteins, move along them primarily in the minus-end direction at a velocity similar to that of Dynein. An association between Bsg25D and Dlc90f was previously identified in a high-throughput protein-protein interaction study (Giot et al., 2003). Our results are also consistent with results obtained with both Nin and Nlp, which bind to cytoplasmic Dynein through their N-termini (Casenghi et al., 2005). Targeting Nin and Nlp to the centrosome occurs through Dynein-mediated transport and is dependent on the microtubule cytoskeleton (Casenghi et al., 2005). While the overall direction of Bsg25DN movement was minus-end directed, we also documented instances of movement toward the plus-end of a microtubule. This is consistent with imaging data from live mammalian epithelial cells demonstrating bidirectional microtubule-directed movement for Nin (Moss et al., 2007). Bidirectional movement has been observed in other single molecule assays and is a well-established characteristic of Dynein (Amrute-Nayak and Bullock, 2012; Reck-Peterson et al., 2006). One potential difference between Bsg25D and its mammalian counterparts is that our in vitro experiments indicate that Bsg25D binds to microtubules in the absence of Dynein, which has not been demonstrated for Nin or Nlp. More targeted experiments could in the future establish the mechanistic relationship between Bsg25D and Dynein. These could include depleting for Dynein the motor protein complexes used for the TIRF imaging and determining whether there are effects on BsgN mobility, or mapping and mutating the site on BsgN necessary for Dynein binding, and then determining whether such a mutated protein can move along microtubules.
While Bsg25D has extensive sequence similarity to Nin and Nlp, it appears to be more closely related to Nin. Like both Nin and Nlp, Bsg25D contains numerous coiled-coil domains. In addition, one of three cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) phosphorylation sites in Nin is conserved in Bsg25D (amino acids 124-130). This may be important for Bsg25D function, as Nin phosphorylation has been linked for centrosomal localization of certain Nin isoforms, and phosphorylation by PKA has been found to play a critical role in mitotic progression (Chen et al., 2003; Hong et al., 2000; Kotani et al., 1998; Lin et al., 2006). Bsg25D shares a conserved D-box domain with Nlp that is not present in Nin (Bsg25D amino acids 268-276), but it does not have the D-box or Ken-box motifs that for Nlp have been experimentally shown to be important for cell cycle dependent degradation (Nlp amino acids 633-641 and 495-497) (Wang and Zhan, 2007). Nlp has phosphorylation sites for Aurora B or Cdc2/cyclin B1 kinases that do not appear to be conserved in Bsg25D, however independent mass spectrometry analyses of Nlp and Bsg25D reveals the presence of many phosphoserine and phosphothreonine residues at similar locations within both proteins (Casenghi et al., 2003; Zhai et al., 2008). Nlp phosphorylation by Plk is required for Nlp dissociation from the Dynein-Dynactin complex allowing for cell cycle progression in human cell lines (Casenghi et al., 2005).
While Bsg25D mutants can survive to become fertile adults, we observed that a majority of embryos that lack maternal and zygotic Bsg25D fail to hatch, and exhibit mitotic defects ranging from mild to very severe. Our experiments do not allow us to distinguish whether the mitotic defects are a cause or a consequence of the failure of many such embryos to develop. However, since Bsg25D associates with centrosomes, we can hypothesize that it contributes to their functions in microtubule nucleation and/or anchoring, and that its loss may cause abnormal mitotic spindle formation. While this manuscript was under review, we became aware of another study of Drosophila Bsg25D (Zheng et al., 2016). That paper reports similar results to ours with respect to localization of Bsg25D to centrosomes in early embryos. While both studies found Bsg25D null mutants to be viable, in contrast to our results their nin1 allele did not produce a significant decrease in embryonic viability. This quantitative difference in our results could be a consequence of differences in culture conditions or genetic backgrounds.
A role for mammalian Nin in connecting microtubules to the centrosome has been proposed (Shinohara et al., 2013). As well, siRNA-mediated knockdown of Nin in human immortal cell lines resulted in mitotic catastrophe, cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase and apoptosis (Kimura et al., 2013). Given this severe phenotype, it is surprising that Bsg25D function is not required for viability in Drosophila under laboratory conditions, especially since only one Ninein-related protein is present in flies as opposed to two in mammals. In humans the rare disease Seckel syndrome-7 (SCKL7) is caused by missense mutations in the NIN gene (Dauber et al., 2012). SCKL7 results in a growth phenotype called microcephalic primordial dwarfism, which is a severe form of growth failure wherein growth restriction occurs in utero and continues after birth (Bober et al., 2010; Dauber et al., 2012). These patients, however, often survive until adulthood. Furthermore, Nlp has been linked to ciliopathies, Usher syndrome and Leber congenital amaurosis (van Wijk et al., 2009). Knockout mice for both Nin and Ninl (which encodes Nlp) have been prepared (Brown and Moore, 2012) but they have not yet been studied in detail.
In Drosophila we also observed defects in Dhc and Grk localization upon overexpression and mis-localization of eGFP-Bsg25D mRNA in developing oocytes, which in turn led to an altered distribution of eGFP-Bsg25D protein. Polarization of microtubules within the developing oocyte is critical for transport of mRNAs necessary for axis determination in the early embryo. Our data suggest that overexpression and/or mislocalization of Bsg25D during oogenesis may affect microtubule-dependent localization processes, such as grk (MacDougall et al., 2003), and Dhc localization (Li et al., 1994), within the oocyte. Consistent with this, ubiquitous expression of Bsg25D with actin or tubulin Gal4 drivers results in early pupal lethality, also demonstrating that overexpression of Bsg25D is deleterious (Zheng et al., 2016).
Analogous results have been obtained for Nin and Nlp in mammalian cells. For example, in mammalian cultured cells overexpression of Nlp recruits γ-tubulin and hGCP4, a component of the γ-tubulin ring complex (γ-TURC) to ectopic loci, resulting in off-site microtubule nucleation and spindle formation (Casenghi et al., 2003). Overexpression of Nin has also been reported to lead to mis-localization of γ-tubulin in cultured human cells (Stillwell et al., 2004). Nlp overexpression is also frequently associated with cancer, including head and neck squamous cell carcinomas and ovarian cancer (Qu et al., 2008; Yu et al., 2009). In one study Nlp was found to be overexpressed in 80% of human breast and lung carcinomas that were investigated, and its overexpression led to tumorigenesis in transgenic mice (Shao et al., 2010).
In conclusion, our study of the dynamics of Bsg25D in vitro and of the consequences of its mutation or ectopic expression in an intact metazoan establish Drosophila as a model system for studying Ninein family proteins. Further work in this system will help reveal potential mechanisms through which loss or gain of function of Nin and Nlp might result in human disease.
Drosophila strains
Oregon-R was used as wild-type for all experiments. The deficiency spanning Bsg25D (Df(2L)Exel6011, BL#7497) was received from the Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center. Truncated and null alleles of Bsg25D were generated using the ends-out gene targeting method, using the pw25.5 vector (generously provided by Dr David R. Hipfner; Maggert et al., 2008). Primers used to produce Bsg25D N from D. melanogaster genomic DNA were: left arm Forward Not1-tkv-Bsg 5′-GCGGCCGCCATCGACGCGGTATCGATATTC-3′ and Acc651-tkv-Bsg 5′-GGTACCCTAACAGAGGAGAGCCCTCG-3′, and right arm Asc1-Bsg-Bsg 5′-GGCGCGCCCCACGGCAAGCAAAGCCAC-3′ and Reverse Asc1-Bsg-Bsg 5′-GGCGCGCCGCGATAGAAACGTGTTGTTGGG-3′. Primers for Bsg25D Null were: left arm Forward Acc651-Bsg-Bsg 5′-GGTACCGGTAGCCACCTAAGATCCATAC-3′ and Reverse Not1-Bsg-Bsg 5′-GCGGCCGCCAATCGGCTATCTCTCCCTC-3′, and right arm Forward Asc1-Bsg-Bub1 5′-GGCGCGCCGGTTACGGATAATGGAGGTATC-3′ and Reverse Asc1-Bsg-Bub1 5′-GGCGCGCCCTTGAGCGCCACTACATTGC-3′. UASp-eGFP-Bsg25D transgenic flies were generated as described in Iampietro, et al. (2014). Briefly, the Bsg25D _CR_3′UTR (Coding Region+3′ UTR), Bsg25D _CR (Coding region) and Bsg25D _3′UTR (3′ UTR) sequences were amplified by PCR using Drosophila Gene Collection bacterial cDNA clones (dBsg25D=LD21844) as template and primers listed below containing the restriction sites required for the insertion in the vector. PCR fragments were ligated into the pGem4-GFP vector to generate in-frame fusion cassettes with the GFP coding region in 5′ to Bsg25D sequences. The GFP-fusion cassettes were then sub-cloned into the pUASTp-attb plasmid (generously provided by Dr Howard Lipshitz, Molecular Genetics Department, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada) by using the EcoRI restriction enzyme to obtain the transgenesis vectors. All vector sequences were confirmed by sequencing and injected into syncytial stage embryos of the attP-3B acceptor fly line (stock number BL24871) using a Leica DMIL microinjection microscope. Subsequent selection of transgenic progeny was performed as described previously (Bischof et al., 2007; Venken et al., 2006), using primers Bsg25D CR Fw- Kpn1 5′-ATTAGGTACCATGGAGGTATCCGCCGATCCG-3′ and Bsg25D CR Rv EcoR1 5′-ATTAGAATTCCTAAGGCATGCCAGGCAGTCC-3′, and Bsg25D 3′UTR Fw Kpn1: 5′-ATTAGGTACCTAGTTTGCCCCACCGGCAAAC-3′ and Bsg25D 3′UTR Rv EcoR1: 5′-ATTAGAATTCTCGAAAGTATTGATTTAAGCACTGA-3′.
Immunoblots
Ovaries for immunoblotting were dissected from 2-5-day-old females, lysed in ovary lysis buffer (1× PBS, 1× Halt proteinase inhibitor, 1% PMSF in water) and loaded on an 8-15% gradient gel. The primary antibodies for immunoblotting were: guinea pig anti-Bsg25D (Iampietro et al., 2014; 1:20,000), mouse anti-α-tubulin (Sigma #T6199, 1:10,000), mouse anti-Dynein heavy chain (Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank #2C11-2, 1:1000), and mouse anti-GFP (Molecular Probes monoclonal antibody 3E6, 1:2500). Secondary antibodies used were donkey anti-guinea pig (Jackson Labs #706-035-148, 1:2500) and anti-mouse (GE Healthcare, #NA931, 1:5000 dilution).
Immunofluorescence and in situ hybridization
Embryos were collected as previously described (Lécuyer et al., 2008). Primary antibodies used for immunostaining were; guinea pig anti-Bsg25D (1:2000), mouse anti-Dynein heavy chain (1:500), rabbit anti-γ-Tubulin (Sigma #T0950, 1:50), rat anti-α-Tubulin (AdB Serotec #MCA78G, 1:50), and rabbit anti-Grk (Dehghani and Lasko; 2015; 1:500). For DNA staining DAPI (Invitrogen #D3571) was used at 10 μg/ml. Secondary antibodies were goat anti-guinea pig (Abcam Dylight 488 #ab96959, 1:500) goat anti-mouse, rabbit and rat (Thermo Fisher Scientific, A11030, A11010 and A-11081, 1:500). Images were collected on the Zeiss LSM510 confocal laser-scanning microscope at the CIAN, Department of Biology, McGill University.
In situ hybridization and co-staining was performed as previously described (Lécuyer et al., 2008; Iampietro et al., 2014). Bsg25D anti-sense RNA probe was synthesized from clone LD21844 of the Drosophila gene collection library and a full-length probe was used.
Embryos and ovaries for immunostaining or in situ were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde, except for embryos stained for anti-γ-tubulin and anti-α-tubulin. For γ- and α-tubulin stainings embryos were dechorionated with bleach and shaken in heptane for 30 s, followed by shaking for 30 s in 50% heptane:50% methanol to crack the vitelline membranes. Finally, embryos were placed on a nutator for 1 h in methanol, then rehydrated for staining or kept at −20°C for future use.
Embryo quantification
For hatching counts virgin females were mated to young males on grape juice plates containing yeast. Total eggs from overnight collections were counted and then aged for 48 h at 25°C. After 48 h unhatched eggs were counted. For DNA damage counts embryos were collected for 2, 3 and 16 h, fixed and stained with DAPI (Lécuyer et al., 2008). Embryos were counted manually on a Leica DM6000B microscope under a 20× objective.
In vitro microtubule assays
Bovine tubulin was purified and tetramethylrhodamine labeled as previously described (Noujaim et al., 2014; Wieczorek et al., 2015). Paclitaxel stabilized microtubules used for microtubule pull-down assay were polymerized as described previously (Noujaim et al., 2014). TIRF imaging of microtubules was performed on a Zeiss Axiovert Z1 microscope chassis, using a 100×1.45 NA Plan-apochromat objective lens, and Zeiss TIRF III slider.
GST-tagged full length Dlc90f (39 kDa) and His-tagged N-terminal Bsg25D (43 kDa) protein was expressed and purified from bacteria. Both proteins were fluorescently labeled with Alexa Fluor 488 TFP ester (Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat: A37570). A size exclusion column (Amicon Ultra-0.5 30K, UFC503024) was used to concentrate dye-protein conjugates.
A microtubule pull-down assay modified from (Amrute-Nayak and Bullock, 2012; Lindesmith et al., 2001) was used to purify motor proteins from Drosophila embryo lysate. Drosophila embryos were collected for 4 h, lysed in BXB buffer (Amrute-Nayak and Bullock, 2012), and mixed with purified fluorescent protein along with an AMP analog, AMP-PNP. Isolation of microtubule-motor protein complexes was completed by centrifugation in a Beckman Airfuge at maximum speed, the pellet containing these complexes was washed with assay buffer and the supernatant with unbound protein was discarded. Assay buffer containing ATP resulted in a release of motor protein from microtubules. These isolated motor protein complexes were then mixed with anti-bleach buffer and imaged by TIRF microscopy (Amrute-Nayak and Bullock, 2012). Rat Kinesin-1 430-GFP and purified bovine brain tetramethylrhodamine-labeled α- and β-tubulin were prepared as previously described (Noujaim et al., 2014). MetaMorph was used to record live imaging and analysis. Velocities were calculated using MetaMorph and shown as mean±s.e.m.
We are grateful to Beili Hu for Drosophila embryo microinjections and to Hong Han for providing antibodies.
M.K., J.B., and M.W. performed the experiments, M.K. and P.L. wrote the paper, G.B. and É.L. contributed to the analysis and interpretation of the data, and to the final draft of the paper.
This work was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) [operating grant IOP-107945 to P.L., grants MOP-161111 and MOP-137096 to E.L, and grant MOP-137055 to G.B.]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) [grant RGPIN-2014-03791 to G.B.]. J.B. and E.L. were supported by salary awards from the Fonds de Recherche du Québec - Santé, G.B. is a CIHR New Investigator, M.W. received an Alexander Graham Bell Graduate Scholarship from NSERC, and P.L. is a James McGill Professor.
Received May 17, 2016.
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RNA localization
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Dynein
Pole plasm
You are going to email the following Loss of function of the Drosophila Ninein-related centrosomal protein Bsg25D causes mitotic defects and impairs embryonic development
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Why I Refuse to Avoid White People
August 23, 2017 jefft 0 Comments
By CHLOÉ VALDARY
In the days since the white supremacists marched into Charlottesville, Va., my Twitter feed has lit up with advice from black pundits, activists and even friends:
“It’s time to stop talking about racism with white people.”
“Whiteness is always protected, even at its worst.”
“Non-racist white people simply don’t exist.”
Lines like these advise black Americans like me to respond to racism largely by avoiding white people. The assumption is that they are racist, even evil, unless they explicitly state and repeatedly prove otherwise.
I found myself thinking about this advice as I walked down Franklin Avenue in Brooklyn this past weekend. I noticed a white person walking her dog. Another listening to his music. And a third having dinner with her friends.
Do all of these people harbor a thinly veiled hatred for me, I wondered? Is there a secret white conspiracy scheming against me? How do I escape all this toxic whiteness I keep hearing about?
I didn’t grow up asking such questions. I was raised in a community in New Orleans where my parents taught me that the beauty of our people’s historical struggle for freedom and equality was that it ultimately spoke to the oneness of all human beings. Sounds of Blackness’s “Africa to America”; Stevie Wonder’s “Songs in the Key of Life”: These were the albums I was raised on. These are what taught me to develop an identity that was secure in itself and which did not require prejudging others.
Though I never heard the words “white privilege” until I got to college, I encountered racism. A college anthropology professor assumed I shouldn’t be held to the same standard as my white peers. I’ve been called a “house slave” for standing up against anti-Semitism. I’ve been called the N-word.
But by and large the violent hatred on display in Virginia couldn’t be further from my personal experiences with white people. Every school I attended in New Orleans was either predominately black or multicultural. So I grew up around black kids and white kids and Hispanic kids and Jewish kids and Muslim kids and Asian kids. I was and still am able to navigate diverse cultural spaces with ease as a black woman — not because I assume that these people aren’t prejudiced toward me, but because if they are, I was raised not to respond in kind.
I was taught that if someone white makes assumptions about me or my people, the proper response is not to go around making assumptions about them. That creates a downward spiral into hatred fueled by ignorance. The proper response to prejudice is not to treat our close-minded neighbors as though they weren’t human; that is how they have treated us. It is precisely because I love myself that I refuse to hate another.
I remember the day my parents taught me this lesson. I was 10 years old and they’d taken me and my sisters to an exhibit in Mississippi called “Without Sanctuary.” It was a memorial to the thousands of black men and women who were lynched in the Jim Crow South. I remember sobbing that night. I was filled with rage that I hadn’t yet felt before.
My parents embraced me and told me it was O.K. to be angry. They told me that this was a part of our past that we should always remember, but that one of its many lessons was to make sure to treat others equally — even if they did not respond in turn. People often hurt because they have hurt in them.
James Baldwin got at this theme in a 1965 debate at Cambridge University:
You know, no one can be dismissed as a total monster. I’m sure he [the racist Mississippi sharecropper] loves his wife, his children. I’m sure, you know, he likes to get drunk. You know, after all, one’s got to assume he is visibly a man like me. But he doesn’t know what drives him to use the club, to menace with the gun and to use the cattle prod. Something awful must have happened to a human being to be able to put a cattle prod against a woman’s breasts, for example. What happens to the woman is ghastly. What happens to the man who does it is in some ways much, much worse.
This is how I choose to understand the men and women who chanted “white power” in Virginia. Hearing those words is deeply painful for me as a black woman, but it is so much worse for the broken people chanting them.
Do black Americans have the courage and conviction to look the hateful monsters in the eye and offer a love so radical that it reminds them their hatred does not define them? That they can be greater than this if they so choose?
This is the hardest thing to do — and what I believe we have to do if we are to heal as a nation.
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Liverpool Loss Shows Vincenzo Montella Is Yet to Stamp His Mark on AC Milan
Blair Newman@@TheBlairNewmanTwitter LogoFeatured ColumnistJuly 31, 2016
Marcio Jose Sanchez/Associated Press
AC Milan’s International Champions Cup campaign took a negative turn on Sunday morning as they lost 2-0 to English Premier League outfit Liverpool in what was a one-sided friendly clash.
The Rossoneri failed to assert themselves upon the game at any point and subsequently struggled to create serious scoring opportunities. Their only chances of note came through second-half headers from M’Baye Niang and Keisuke Honda, though neither resulted in shots on target.
Milan were well beaten by Liverpool.Marcio Jose Sanchez/Associated Press
Liverpool, bolstered by new signings including Ragnar Klavan, Georginio Wijnaldum and Sadio Mane, dominated possession throughout the match. Their only issue was turning passes into goals, something that was in large part due to the fact that Vincenzo Montella’s Milan were surprisingly reactive, eschewing the ball in favour of retaining their defensive shape.
The Italian side pressed well in the early going, applying man-orientated pressure in order to restrict the build-up play of their opposition. Consequently, they forced Jurgen Klopp’s side into less dangerous horizontal, wing-focused passing.
Liverpool still looked the more threatening of the two, and before half-time they almost took advantage of their more enterprising approach. Mane was played through on goal after a good move, but the Senegalese fired his shot straight at Milan goalkeeper Gabriel’s legs.
The goal did come in the second half, however.
On 59 minutes, substitute Divock Origi put Liverpool into the lead. The Belgian, who caused constant problems with his pace and strength, controlled a long ball before turning inside Gabriel Paletta and finishing low and hard into the bottom right corner.
Twelve minutes later, the 21-year-old striker was wrongly disallowed a second goal for offside. In reality, he was onside when he received the ball prior to finishing what had been a flowing move. One minute later the officiating mistake would be made up for, though, as Roberto Firmino slid to tap home for 2-0 following a good burst of pace from Sheyi Ojo down the right flank.
That only two goals separated the teams at the final whistle was perhaps an understatement of just how superior Liverpool had been throughout the 90 minutes. Milan never looked like winning in what was undoubtedly their worst display of pre-season thus far.
Firmino slid in to score Liverpool's second.Marcio Jose Sanchez/Associated Press
The Rossoneri’s previous friendly, a 3-3 draw with reigning German champions Bayern Munich, was far more positive. That, after all, was a game in which they were expected to struggle, but came away with a result. And, afterwards, Montella voiced his approval in the post-match press conference (h/t Football Italia), saying:
It was a well-played game, and I'm very happy because we troubled Bayern. This is a small foundation to carry on our work with even greater conviction.
It was an excellent game, when taken in relation to the quality of our opponents. What I liked the most was the sacrifice shown by the team.
You can tell that the team wants to develop and work hard. This is a group that is getting ready to build something. Our objective is to produce a pleasing football, and that's contingent on keeping control over the game.
In any case what matters is the performance, not the result. We knew how to take pressure and this I find particularly satisfying.
Milan took a defensive approach to the clash with Bayern, setting up in a distinct 4-5-1 formation with the midfield pressing high up before falling back to form a defensive screen. But to see them replicate these tactics against weaker opposition in Liverpool was unexpected.
Montella has yet to embed his style of play at Milan.Antonio Calanni/Associated Press
Montella was appointed as Rossoneri head coach for two reasons. The first was that the team was, and is, in need of improved results after three years without qualification for European competition. The second was that the club hierarchy craved more aesthetically appealing football, something the 42-year-old was able to implement during his three seasons with Fiorentina.
While a friendly, the Liverpool game offered neither result nor style. Indeed, it looked eerily similar to the team’s performances of 2015-16, when functional football reigned under Sinisa Mihajlovic’s auspices without a concerted period of positive form.
Prior to Sunday’s friendly, Montella had talked of a need for mental and technical fortitude, telling the press (h/t Gazzetta World):
Now the result is not the most important thing, but more so the progress of the team and their ability to apply the concepts that we have worked on in training. However saying that, it is clear that we would much rather obtain a positive result. We must not be lacking in our humility and determination. There must also be quality.
Given pre-season is a time for developing key tactical themes and embedding a coherent system and style of play, Montella’s emphasis on the performance over the result made sense. However, the team he put out against Liverpool countered such discussion, as it was so evidently imbued with pragmatism.
The 4-5-1 is not a formation the former Sampdoria coach has used often in the past. During spells with the Blucerchiati and Fiorentina, he preferred a 3-4-2-1 or a 4-3-3. He also instigated possession-based football built on quick, short passing and intelligent movement. Despite some occasional signs to the contrary, he has yet to achieve this style with Milan.
GuillaumeMP @Guillaumemp
Voilà par exemple ce que tente d'apporter Montella à son #Milan. Sortie de balle rapide, une-deux touches. https://t.co/jje7X9tCXT
There are some individual reasons for optimism. Gabriel, while clearly not the type of goalkeeper Montella will favour due to his shakiness with the ball at feet, made some good saves to keep the score down against Liverpool. In front of him Colombian centre-back Jherson Vergara did a reasonable job, and further forward, 18-year-old Primavera midfielder Niccolo Zanellato did not look out of place in the first-team lineup.
The match also offered further clarity on other players, confirming that Niang is nowhere near as effective on the wing as he is when utilised as a striker, Juraj Kucka lacks the polish to play the new coach’s possession game, and Luiz Adriano simply isn’t impactful enough to play on his own through the middle.
What is abundantly clear is that Montella needs new signings to reinforce a weak squad. In fact, this may be the greatest barrier preventing him from being able to implement his ideas fully. In certain positions, the players available to him are just not intelligent or technical enough to fulfil his vision of football.
Niang was not as effective on the left wing against Liverpool.Marcio Jose Sanchez/Associated Press
Unfortunately, he will have to wait for further transfer activity. Negotiations between club president Silvio Berlusconi and a Chinese consortium have continuously been hit by delays, the latest of which came on Wednesday when the prospective buyers asked for another two weeks to come to an agreement, according to La Gazzetta dello Sport (h/t Football Italia).
Without new signings, Montella will be forced to work with what he has. And that could mean a more results-based, defence-first style—similar to that seen against Liverpool—as a means of minimising the evident weaknesses in his playing squad.
When he arrived, he told Sky Sports Italia (h/t Football Italia), “To win games you must control them, and control play. This is how you increase your odds of winning. I'm convinced that ugly football lowers your odds of winning.”
However, as Milan’s showings in the International Champions Cup have shown, they are a long way off achieving Montella’s objectives. When winning itself is a difficult task, beauty may have to be temporarily forgone.
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At The Rails
by At The Rails | June 30, 2010 · 11:34 pm
Make or Break for Maradona
Diego Maradona hasn’t been able to stop smiling since arriving in
South Africa. After all, vindication feels pretty damn good. Wasn’t
he supposed to lead his beloved Argentina to certain doom? That’s
what most pundits believed before this tournament began. Instead his
albiceleste have been tearing opponents to shreds with wonderful
positioning, passing, and finishing that’s been a joy to watch.
That being said, Maradona’s ultimate test will be on Saturday versus the
equally impressive Germans. It’s one thing to bully Mexico or South
Korea, but the big bad Germans are a totally different animal (ask Mr.
Capello). And to move on, Diego will have to choose between two
different Argentina teams.
The first option is the Argentina we’ve been accustomed to watching these past two weeks: let’s call them Argentina 1. It features a rampaging Angel Di Maria up the left hand side, Maxi Rodriguez or Juan Veron on the right to distribute, and the three-pronged attack of Messi, Tevez, and Higuain.
This is the fun Argentina, always looking to attack and pelting opponents with shots from every angle. The problem with this team is that Javier
Mascherano is left to defend a heck of a lot of field all by his lonesome in the middle of the park. This may play into the hands of the Germans on the counter attack. Don’t think they can counter with speed? Check out their last two goals versus England.
Instead, Diego may — for the first time this tournament — consider fielding Argentina 2. This is the team that defeated this same German team 1-0 in a friendly in Berlin earlier this year. This squad is much less attacking and
consists of having an extra midfielder in place of one of the three
strikers (probably Tevez). The extra midfielder will provide help for
Mascherano in front of the back four.
So, Mr. Maradona, will it be Argentina 1 which has been successful against lesser opponents so far? Or will it be Argentina 2, which has already beaten the Germans once this year?
Your managerial reputation is on the line….
Hadi Zogheib
Filed under World Cup
Tagged as argentina, carlos tevez, diego maradona, germany, gonzalo higuain, javier mascherano, juan veron, lionel messi, Maradona, maxi rodriguez, world cup
by At The Rails | June 29, 2010 · 9:42 pm
Holy spit! Spain beats Portugal
They started the World Cup with a shock loss to Swizterland. But Spain, the reigning champions of Europe, have won all three matches since, and booked their berth in the quarterfinals today with a 1-0 victory over Iberian rivals Portugal, who barely got anything of merit out of Cristiano Ronaldo, the world’s most expensive footballer. David Villa, recently signed by Barcelona, struck the only goal of the match, firing his own rebound over Portuguese goalkeeper Eduardo, who had gone more than 330 minutes at this tournament without conceding before he was beaten.
Spain had controlled most of the possession in this entertaining encounter in Cape Town, the final World Cup match for our correspondent, but it was Portugal who stretched play and created the clear-cut chances in most of the first hour, save for a pair of early Spanish shots against Eduardo. But after Fernando Llorente came on for Fernando Torres and immediately created a headed chance, Spain were in the ascendancy. In the end, Iniesta found Xavi, whose clever backheel freed Villa for the shot and follow-up effort into the roof of the net that sent Portugal packing.
While he’s clearly one of the most special talents in the game today, I’m no fan of Ronaldo and was pleased to see Argentinian referee Hector Baldassi refusing to buy into the foul-seeking floppiness he’s become infamous for. The supremely talented but too-often petulant winger struggled to get touches, whined when the calls didn’t go his way and spat in the direction of a cameraman trailing him off the field at the final whistle. Good riddance.
Having said that, I’ve watched the replays of Ricardo Costa’s late elbow on Joan Capdevilla that resulted in a 88th minute red card from Baldassi, and can’t see why it was a direct red. A bit of dirty play acting from the Spaniard perhaps? I hope not.
Elsewhere, it was a day for cheering with two hands, which meant finding a new place to stash your Blackberry, if you were a fan of Paraguay, who became the fourth South American team to book their spot in the last eight by beating Japan 5-3 on penalties, the first game to be decided in that fashion at this World Cup. After a pretty dire 120 minutes, during which penalties always looked the most likely outcome, La Albirroja converted all five from the spot, with substitute Oscar Cardoza sliding home the clincher to put his team in the last eight for the first time, while Japan’s Yuichi Komano banged his effort off the crossbar, sending the Blue Samurai home in shameful defeat.
So, the quarters are set and we all get a couple of days to catch our breath before the Netherlands face Brazil in Port Elizabeth on Friday morning, with Ghana and Uruguay squaring off at Soccer City in Soweto later that day. Saturday morning brings Argentina vs. Germany in Cape Town, with Spain meeting Paraguay at Johannesburg’s Ellis Park Stadium in the late game. I’m going with Ghana and Brazil to emerge on one side of the draw, with Spain and Argentina getting through on the other side, even though by picking against Germany I’m ignoring the choice of Paul the Octopus. He knows his football – that match should be a cracker.
Tagged as cristiano ronaldo, David Villa, japan, oscar cardozo, paraguay, portugal, spain, world cup
At The Rails: On the Air
Just before the World Cup started, Ian, Hadi and Brent went on Toronto sports radio station The Fan 590. The boys joined Roger Lajoie on-air to talk their World Cup picks. Obviously, we got some right… and mayyyybe one or two wrong.
We’re still trying to figure out how to embed these into the blog. Until then, we have the links. Have a listen…
Introduction: Part One
“Controversial” comments on Canadian Soccer: Part Two
Picks for Groups A, B: Part Three
Picks for Groups C, D: Part Four
Picks for Groups E, F, G: Part Five
Picks for Group H, Final Thoughts: Part Six
Thanks to Roger Lajoie and “Late Night” Lenny Grammenopoulos for having us on. Also thanks to Neil McCourt for handling the technical stuff.
We hope to be back on the air soon!
by At The Rails | June 29, 2010 · 12:24 am
Oranje book date with Samba Stars
Kaka celebrates Brazil’s second with Luis Fabiano
They gave it a brave try for the opening half hour, but Chile eventually proved no match for the magic and might of Brazil, who scored twice within a three minute span in the first half and added a gorgeous third after the interval to crush the hopes of their continental cousins in a 3-0 victory that sent the Selecao into the quarter finals.
Chile were aggressive and daring, and deserve plaudits for the way their young team performed at this tournament. Still, keeping the world’s top-ranked team off the scoresheet was always going to be a struggle, and it didn’t help La Roja that they were without the defensive duo of Gary Medel and Waldo Ponce, both suspended for yellow cards. Midfielder Marco Estrada, sent off for a tame challenge on Spain’s Fernando Torres in the final group stage game, was also reduced to spectator for this one, but even a full-strength Chile would have been fortunate to unseat the five-time champions, who look a good bet for a sixth crown on July 11.
Arjen Robben fires home the opener for the Oranje
To get there, however, Brazil will have to knock off the Netherlands, who extended their unbeaten run to 23 matches and have won eight straight overall after a 2-1 victory over a Slovakian side that was a shadow of the team that knocked Italy out of the tournament last week. Arjen Robben, making his first start of this World Cup, slotted the opening goal inside the post early in the first half, while Slovakia didn’t manage a single shot on net for the first 62 minutes of the match. Two glorious chances soon after both went begging, with Maarten Stekelenburg bailing out the Oranje with some fine saves before Dirk Kuyt gifted Wesley Sneijder for Holland’s decisive second, and only a (rather dubious) final-kick penalty putting Slovakia on the board.
The Dutch have yet to concede a goal from open play at this tournament, while Brazil has allowed just two, and neither team has trailed at any point so far. Something’s got to give when this pair of heavyweights clash in Port Elizabeth on Friday. The Netherlands haven’t faced anyone with the quality and depth of Brazil so far, and will have to raise its game to match the South Americans. If they can, this one could be a classic.
Tagged as arjen robben, brazil, chile, dutch, holland, kaka, luis fabiano, netherlands, oranje, selecao, slovakia, world cup
Whither withering Albion…
As if on cue, the English handwringing has begun. Once more, The Three Lions have failed to reach the final of a major tournament… and once more, the finger-pointing and navel-gazing has started in earnest. Football analysts will speculate for the rest of the summer on why this “golden generation” failed to make it past the second round, after failing to qualify for Euro 2008 altogether.
Was it fatigue? Don Fabio claims his players were tired from an overlong Premier League season. Most of his players were selected from teams playing in cup runs or in European leagues. Some pundits argue the team which qualified so easily by the autumn of 2009 was a shadow of itself, come summer of 2010.
Was it the ball? John Terry was caught out on the first goal yesterday when the ball sailed over his head, allowing Miroslav Klose to score the first tally. Terry may have been out of position, but the Jabulani seems to have taken some players by surprise. Some observers say it is more favourable for the quick short-pass game of the South Americans… who have seen great success in this tournament so far.
Was it the manager? Little Englanders say an Italian manager can never understand an English player. Of course, Schteve McClaren was English… and he was pants. Also it’s a little suspect that some of those calling for an English manager are looking for the job themselves.
Was it the selection? When Capello was hired, he said he would pick players based on form. But it soon became clear that the usual cast of characters would be appearing. A brittle Ferdinand was selected, along with players like Carrick, Upson, Heskey, James, Green, Walcott, SWP and Joe Cole… players who didn’t have the best seasons but seemed to have been chosen simply because they had all been capped before. In-form players like Birmingham’s Roger Johnson, Stoke City’s Etherington and even Wolves’ Jody Craddock weren’t even given a glance. They may not have international experience… but after this dismal World Cup, would it have mattered?
Was it age? England’s oldest-ever World Cup squad looked slow and random against a positively juvenile German team who looked more organized and experienced yesterday. Was too much faith put into a group of players who — despite all their club success — have never achieved at the international level?
Is it English football itself? The Premier League has become a sporting Tower of Babel, a marketplace for the world’s players to make their fortunes on the global stage. But with big clubs buying — rather than developing — their players, England’s national team seems to have suffered. Witness the thin pool of talent available to Capello in goal and across the back four.
Many of the current players will likely call time on their international career, come Brazil in 2014. Gerrard, Lampard, Terry, Ferdinand; they will join the ranks of Lineker, Gascoigne, Shearer, Owen and Beckham before them. All of them were great players who will never know what it feels like to win the greatest tournament on the planet.
For England fans, there is still 2012… and 2014… and so on. The faithful will wring their hands, hold their breath, and whisper, “Please don’t let us down again.”
Brent Lanthier
Tagged as alan shearer, beckham, david james, emile heskey, england, fabio capello, ferdinand, gascoigne, germany, gerrard, jabulani, jody craddock, joe cole, john terry, lampard, lineker, matthew etherington, matthew upson, michael carrick, michael owen, miroslav klose, robert green, roger johnson, shaun wright-phillips, steve mcclaren, theo walcott, three lions, world cup
Uruguay, Ghana both score knockouts
After a somewhat subdued opening round, the first two games of the knockout stages did not disappoint. With sheets of rain sweeping across Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium in Port Elizabeth, Uruguay and South Korea both played with a sense of urgency… which was a treat for both partisans and neutrals alike.
Luis Suarez was magnificent, scoring both of Uruguay’s tallies. The first one came when Diego Forlan raced to catch a loose ball at the touchline, turning and sending a cross through the box. The Korean keeper missed it and Suarez was waiting. 1-0 Uruguay.
A miscommunication between Fernando Muslera and captain Diego Lugano resulted in a collision, and a gift for Bolton’s Lee Chung-Yong. 1-1. By the way, there were four Diegos on the pitch during this game. Weird.
The winner came on what might be the goal of the tournament. The ball was headed away from the pack in front of the net, after a Forlan corner. Suarez gets the ball, swings past his man at the edge and sends in a bendy ball that hits the post, deflecting into the net. Awesome, as was his celebration. Uruguay’s win marks the first time since 1970 that a South American team other than Brazil or Argentina has advanced to the quarterfinals.
Boateng celebrates after opening the scoring.
Ghana-U.S.A. was a repeat of a group match in 2006… and it produced the same result. Kevin-Prince Boateng put the Black Stars on the board after only five minutes — Ghana’s first goal from open play in this tournament. The U.S. coughed up the ball at the centre spot, and Boateng left-footed it past two defenders and the keeper.
The U.S. got back on the board on a penalty, after Clint Dempsey was brought down in the box. The game remained tied after 90 minutes, and so began the tournament’s first taste of extra-time. Three minutes in, Asamoah Gyan scored his third of this World Cup — and it proved to be the winner. Ghana becomes only the third African team to reach the quarters, after Cameroon in 1990 and Senegal in 2002. Landon Donovan says his team was naive, by not putting Ghana away. For the second time in a row, the Black Stars knock out the Stars and Stripes.
Uruguay and Ghana play next Friday.
Tagged as diego forlan, ghana, group of 16, Kevin-Prince Boateng, knockout, lee chung-yong, luis suarez, south korea, u.s.a. landon donovan, uruguay, world cup
by At The Rails | June 26, 2010 · 1:24 am
Sweet 16 set in South Africa
Here’s the problem boys: You can’t score with your eyes closed
It was South American Colonies vs Former European Colonial Masters on the final day of group stage play at World Cup 2010, with Brazil facing Portugal to decide the top spot in Group G in one of the early games and Chile taking on Spain for first place in Group H in the late games.
As captivating as it looked on paper, the Brazil-Portugal clash didn’t really live up to the hype, finishing in a 0-0 draw that saw both teams go through, with Brazil securing first place. A shame, really, that this game didn’t come up earlier when both sides had more to play for…a draw was always on the cards given that it was enough to put the two teams into the knockout round.
Portugal have yet to concede at this tournament, but just as tellingly they haven’t put a goal past anyone other than North Korea. Good for them that they put seven past Kim Jong-Il’s boys, who may never be seen again after they bowed out with a 3-0 loss to Ivory Coast. Afterwards, Sven said goodbye to the Elephants, who were always going to need a big scoreline to keep going, but couldn’t pull it off . Sadly, the team many felt was Africa’s best but one that was consigned to a Group of Death for the second straight World Cup, finished one point behind Portugal, leaving Ghana as Africa’s lone representative in the second round.
David Villa’s cheeky goal pointed Spain into the second round
Later, while I was out covering a G20 protest march through downtown Toronto, Chile became the first South American team to taste defeat at this tournament, falling to Spain 2-1 thanks to an audacious first-half strike by David Villa and a well-struck shot by Andres Iniesta, and aided by an harsh sending off by Mexican referee Marco Rodriguez (the same guy who chased Australia’s Tim Cahill) after Marco Estrada clipped the heel of Fernando Torres, who disappointed again and was substituted early in the second half. Despite La Roja’s defeat, all five South American teams have reached the next stage, with a combined record to date of nine wins, one loss and five draws.
Finally, Switzerland’s bank-vault defence didn’t concede against Honduras in a 0-0 draw that gave the Central Americans their first and only point of the tournament, but did nothing to send the Swiss through.
So, it’s Brazil vs. Chile in an all-South American clash at Ellis Park Stadium in Jo’burg on the 28th, and Spain vs. Portugal in Cape Town on the 29th, our correspondent’s final match of his World Cup tour.
Tagged as brazil, chile, cristiano ronaldo, David Villa, fernando torres, honduras, ivory coast, north korea, portugal, spain, switzerland, world cup
Football talk to take you from the bar to the terrace and back.
End of the Season
Unemployed Winners, Part 3
What's Wrong on Merseyside?
Real dominates in derby
The New Gentlemen of Verona
HSV makes hash of young season
Luis Suarez: The Rob Ford of Football
Europe's Poor Performance
The boys do Ipanema, then Belo, goodbye
From @AtTheRails
Brent Lanthier picks the cream of the crop from each team in the EPL
Born of Frustration
An England fan's life of pain
Kevin Hoggard's laments for the Three Lions and a lifetime of World Cup woes.
Hope for Euro 2012?
England’s Folly: Mexico ’86
England’s Tears: Italia ’90
England’s Absence: USA ’94
England’s Fury: France ’98
England’s Whimper: Japan/Korea ’02
England’s Pain: Germany ’06
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Our man in South Africa
Simon Hagens shares his adventures from World Cup 2010
Soaking up the scene in Cape Town
Party time in Port Elizabeth
Life's a beach at the World Cup
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At The Rails · Football talk to take you from the terrace to the bar … and back again.
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What to do in Seminyak
Seminyak is Bali's most stylish and upscale beach resort area. It's home to some of the island's most luxurious resorts and the streets are lined with fine-dining restaurants and fashion boutiques. The scenes along the major roads like Jalan Petitenget and Jalan Kayu Aya can be quite eclectic.
Seminyak's Petitenget Beach offers a secluded ambience, especially when compared to Kuta and Legian to its south. However, after sunset, a livelier nightlife scene takes over. Many of the hotspots in Seminyak have garnered an international following, including chic hotels and first-class beach clubs.
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30 Best Shopping Experiences in Seminyak
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Browse Bali by category
neighbourhoods in Bali
Buleleng (North Bali) is home to the north coast’s 2 prominent towns – the once-colonial capital of Singaraja and the pretty beach resort town of Lovina. It’s home to an...
Candi Dasa (or Candidasa) is the most popular developed beach resort in East Bali. It’s where you can enjoy a quiet seaside escape, far from the crowds and traffic of...
Canggu is a coastal village that spans between Seminyak and Tanah Lot. The coastline has several black sand beaches, almost all with surf breaks that are popular among both local...
Denpasar is the capital of Bali, but most travellers breeze past this city in favour of the beach and highlands. While it isn't really geared to tourism, you can find...
Jimbaran Beach and the famous Jimbaran Bay lie on Bali's southwestern coast. The beach is part of a narrow isthmus that connects the Bali mainland with the Bukit Peninsula. The...
Kerobokan is a resort area in Bali’s southwest that borders east of Canggu and west of the upscale Seminyak area. Despite having a more urban scene compared to its neighbours,...
Kuta Beach is one of Bali's busiest beach resort destinations. It’s about 6 km north of Ngurah Rai International Airport and the beaches of Tuban, Legian and Seminyak are all...
Legian Beach is one of the most popular areas to visit in Bali. It's the easy-going life on the white sandy beach that brings so many people to this west-facing...
Lembongan Island
Nusa Lembongan is a small holiday island destination 20 km off the southeast coast of Bali. You can reach it with a 45-minute boat ride from Sanur Beach or Benoa...
Nusa Dua is Bali’s ‘all-inclusive’ type of beach resort. It has an incredible collection of world-class, international-chain hotels facing a pristine beachfront. Thanks to the well-planned layout of the Nusa...
Sanur Beach is a former fishing village that still has a relaxed coastal ambience. It’s on the eastern side of the island's isthmus and is the opposite of Kuta, both...
Seminyak is Bali's most stylish and upscale beach resort area. It's home to some of the island's most luxurious resorts and the streets are lined with fine-dining restaurants and fashion...
Tanjung Benoa very quickly went from being a sleepy fishing village to a major tourism destination and Bali’s main water sports hub. What was once a tiny local dock is...
Ubud is, in many ways, the cultural hub of Bali. Home to one of Bali’s royal families, this traditional country town has royal palaces and ancient temples. It's also where...
Uluwatu, located on Bali’s Bukit peninsula, is best known for the namesake clifftop temple, where you can enjoy breathtaking sunset views and a traditional fire dance performance called kecak...
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Uber, Waymo End Self-Driving Tech Legal Battle With $245M Deal
By Michael Kan
10 Feb 2018, 5:24 a.m.
Alphabet's Waymo gets a $245 million stake in Uber as part of the settlement deal.
Uber has reached a settlement with Alphabet's Waymo in their legal battle over self-driving trade secrets. As part of the deal, Waymo will get a 0.34 percent stake in Uber worth about $245 million.
Waymo accused Uber of lifting its trade secrets, but now, amidst a very public court battle, both firms have agreed "to ensure that any Waymo confidential information is not being incorporated in Uber Advanced Technologies Group hardware and software," Waymo tells CNBC.
In a blog post, Uber's new CEO Dara Khosrowshahi said no trade secrets are believed to have made their way from Waymo to Uber. Nor is any Uber system using Waymo's self-driving tech. Nevertheless, "we are taking steps with Waymo to ensure our Lidar and software represents just our good work," he wrote in his post.
SEE ALSO: Tesla Starts Offering $45K Model 3
Uber allegedly stole the trade secrets by acquiring self-driving start-up Otto, which was led by former Waymo employee Anthony Levandowski. Waymo accused Levandwoski of lifting a 9.7GB trove of confidential files from his former employer before starting his new company.
Uber denied the accusations, but the legal battle threatened to sink the company's own self-driving project. Waymo wanted the court to suspend Uber's autonomous vehicle research until the case was settled, and reportedly sought at least $1 billion in damages from Uber, along with a public apology. Uber fired Levandowski in May 2017.
Uber Faces Regulatory Scrutiny for Concealing Data Breach
On Friday, Uber's CEO didn't exactly apologize, but he struck a conciliatory tone in his blog post and brought up the fact that Waymo's parent company, Alphabet, was an early investor in Uber.
"To our friends at Alphabet: we are partners, you are an important investor in Uber, and we share a deep belief in the power of technology to change people's lives for the better," Khosrowshahi wrote. "Of course, we are also competitors. And while we won't agree on everything going forward, we agree that Uber's acquisition of Otto could and should have been handled differently."
The settlement removes a major headache for Uber's new CEO, who took on the role in August.
Tesla Starts Offering $45K Model 3
Tesla Buys Land for Gigafactory in Shanghai
Tesla Autopilot Chip Upgrade Expected in 6 Months
The Best Driver-Assist Cars
Michael Kan michael_kan@pcmag.com
Michael has been a PCMag reporter since October 2017. He previously covered tech news in China from 2010 to 2015, before moving to San Francisco to write about cybersecurity. See Full Bio
More From Michael Kan
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NBC's Peacock Arrives in July as Free, Ad-Based Streaming Service
Microsoft to Go 'Carbon Negative' by 2030 to Combat Climate Change
Firefox's Developer Mozilla Lays Off 70 Staffers
Google's Advanced Protection Expands to Phone-Only Users
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Symplectic quaternion scheme for biophysical molecular dynamics
Miller, T. F., III and Eleftheriou, M. and Pattnaik, P. and Ndirango, A. and Newns, D. and Martyna, G. J. (2002) Symplectic quaternion scheme for biophysical molecular dynamics. Journal of Chemical Physics, 116 (20). pp. 8649-8659. ISSN 0021-9606. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:MILjcp02b
Use this Persistent URL to link to this item: https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:MILjcp02b
Massively parallel biophysical molecular dynamics simulations, coupled with efficient methods, promise to open biologically significant time scales for study. In order to promote efficient fine-grained parallel algorithms with low communication overhead, the fast degrees of freedom in these complex systems can be divided into sets of rigid bodies. Here, a novel Hamiltonian form of a minimal, nonsingular representation of rigid body rotations, the unit quaternion, is derived, and a corresponding reversible, symplectic integrator is presented. The novel technique performs very well on both model and biophysical problems in accord with a formal theoretical analysis given within, which gives an explicit condition for an integrator to possess a conserved quantity, an explicit expression for the conserved quantity of a symplectic integrator, the latter following and in accord with Calvo and Sanz-Sarna, Numerical Hamiltonian Problems (1994), and extension of the explicit expression to general systems with a flat phase space.
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1473654 ["eprint_fieldopt_related_url_type_DOI" not defined] UNSPECIFIED
Miller, T. F., III 0000-0002-1882-5380
© 2002 American Institute of Physics. Received 11 January 2002; accepted 5 March 2002. This work was supported by grants PRF-32139-AC, NSF-CHE-9625015, NSF-EIA-0081307 (G.J.M.), and IBM (all authors). The authors would like to thank Professor B.B. Laird and Professor R. Skeel for helpful comments.
molecular biophysics, molecular dynamics method, digital simulation, biology computing, parallel processing
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Posts on Virtuous Circle
Creating a Maieutic Machine - Or the Birthing of Decisions
posted by Sonja Henrici | 4621.60dc
maieutic:
adjective; "of or relating to the method used by Socrates of eliciting knowledge in the mind of a person by interrogation and insistence on close and logical reasoning";
from Greek maieutikós, "skilled in midwifery"
"The less we know, the more we believe in science," says Paolo Quattrone, Professor of Accounting, Governance and Social Innovation in Edinburgh.
As an accountant, you'd think he'd be into numbers and science. But as I wrote in part 1 of this Blog series - Numbers Don't Speak for Themselves, he believes numbers need to be injected and interrogated with doubt: through words, pictures, moving image, music. Paolo is searching for a new way to represent the Annual Accounts, the grand narrative of the corporate world.
Numbers don't speak for themselves
19 May 2015 · 1 reaction
Journeying into ideas about accounting and governance
"The unknown and the unknowable" — sounds like documentary making. But I'm talking about accounting.
Last year, almost by fluke, but not by coincidence, I joined the Human Business Group at University of Edinburgh, established by Professor Paolo Quattrone (@PaoloQuattrone) - the University's new Chair in Accounting, Governance and Social Innovation. After spending five years on the production of Future My Love, I'd become very interested in the junction of humanity and business: how we govern our affairs, how we count things, and how we represent them outside monetary terms. Paolo is a prolific scholar, originally from Palermo, who has studied and taught worldwide, including at Oxford and Madrid, before joining Edinburgh.
NAE PASARAN - Kickstarter Campaign
We’re just over half way through our very first Kickstarter campaign for feature-length documentary Nae Pasaran. The film began life as a Bridging the Gap in 2013, directed by Felipe Bustos Sierra and screened to great acclaim in festivals worldwide. Ultimately, it opened the doors to a much bigger story, one that takes us from Scotland to Chile and back again.
It comes with some surprise that we haven't run our own crowd-funding campaign in the past. We've written extensively about it on our blog, we've supported several and we recognise that for some projects, it's become an essential way for filmmakers to not only raise funding, but perhaps more importantly, to engage with their audiences early on. Here's how it came about for us:
Shorts being turned into features is less frequent than you might think but this story has an endless capacity to keep giving. The tale of the Scottish workers defying Pinochet is courageous and playfully told, and the relevance of their action couldn't be more poignant today. It quickly became clear that this story is a piece of the bigger picture that makes up Chile's recent history, a history that sent out ripples internationally and is still fresh in people's mind.
Where next for crowdfunding – is staged finance the answer?
posted by Nic Wistreich | 517dc
“Staged financing must become the film business’s immediate goal.”
– Ted Hope, September 2013
Over a series of blog posts I’ve been looking at some challenges that film and documentary are dealing with online. In a conclusion to the series looking at what can be done, I explore the limits and opportunities around crowdfunding.
Crowdfunding’s lack of sophistication around risk
Much of investment is about dealing with risk. A backer of a project – be that an equity or debt investor who is hoping to see some kind of profit, or a crowdfunding supporter who wants to get their perks and see the finished film – has to predict risk. Normally, the closer a project goes from idea to release – from pitch to screen – the lower that risk gets; in other words, it's reducing all the time. To reflect this, in the majority of business investments, the first ‘angel' investors will normally put in the least and get the most equity, and as subsequent funding rounds continue, new investors put in greater amounts and get less relative share, but more value as the business is now worth more. As risk decreases, the cost of participation increases, just as there are far more ideas that get turned into scripts than scripts that get made into movies, or movies that get a theatrical release.
But crowdfunding, not technically an investment, is flat and treats all types of backer the same. At the start backers have to decide if a project looks viable and convincing, pay their money and hope for the best. It’s an investment of faith and confidence when 75% of all crowdfunded projects arrive late and a quarter over six months late (according to a July 2013 study). Some end up cancelled (examples here or here), which damages the whole space as they will doubtless put some people off backing a crowdfunding project again.
The problem is arguably even more of a challenge with flexible crowdfunding where projects can miss their target and end up raising far less than they need but still cash in. On Indiegogo, 80% of projects raise less than a quarter of their target, meaning often there isn't the money to deliver the project or to do it to the standard promised. This is a problem both for the creative, on whose shoulder the stress and reputation rests, and the backer, whose money is at stake. Meanwhile, the crowdfunding space depends on people having a good experience, backing a project and doing it again.
Yet the money is almost never all needed at the very start. For a lot of creative projects, some money is needed to pay some wages and overheads over the many months or years it will take on an ongoing basis – so it could trickle in. Indeed, the biggest cost might be towards the end during post-production or when 1,000 DVDs need to be pressed or a dozen DCPs created. By that time the risk is considerably lower – if a book is ready to print or a film fit to screen, there's less risk about delivery, while it’s easier to assess the quality at that stage.
Rolling with it
Is there space for a rolling or staged crowdfunding that drips money into the project throughout its creation? It seems to resonate with how Ted Hope (pictured) has been arguing the indie film world urgently needs to adopt staged investor financing to get more people investing in film.
It would support the kind of structure where, say, of 1,000 scripts or ideas that got funding, 200 would be supported to produce a budget, assemble a team and make a trailer/promo, 100 get shot, 50 get full post-production and packaging for delivery and 10 get extra marketing and distribution support. Investors at each stage would be taking a smaller risk and would be putting in larger sums of money – while the backer who’d taken a risk and made a good choice during at the initial idea stage could make a much bigger share of any profits.
Can we 'sell' a film about a world without money?
posted by Ben Kempas | 4474.80dc
We launched the pay-it-forward concept with FUTURE MY LOVE at IDFA in Amsterdam a few months ago. This blog post about the thinking behind it was first published on the Huffington Post blog. We're republishing it here on the occasion of I AM BREATHING now also being available as pay-it-forward.
"To challenge economy is to challenge ourselves," says filmmaker Maja Borg. "It is far harder than complaining about the banking system." Maja's debut feature Future My Love tells a story of idealism and failure, looking at concepts for both our personal lives and society as whole. "Economy is a human relationship," states the film's tag line.
Contemplating the ideal of a world without money (or, respectively, a relationship without possessiveness), the film focuses on Jacque Fresco's ideas for an economic system in which goods, services and information would be freely available. Fresco's Venus Project (Wikipedia) and the related Zeitgeist Movement have hundreds of thousands followers worldwide. In charge of audience relations for Future My Love, I could possibly tap into a large existing community.
With a thought-provoking Scottish-Swedish co-production that has been critically acclaimed, toured international festivals for more than a year, and won a Green documentary award, what could possibly go wrong?
Film's monopoly problem with digital
27 January 2014 · 1 reaction
Not before time, the new year started with some promising news about selling films online. For the first time, the annual decline in DVD and Blu-ray sales in the US has been outstripped by the growth in digital sales, rentals and subscriptions. Home entertainment rose 0.7% in 2013 (PDF source). $6.5bn – over a third of total consumer spending – came from digital rental, retail and subscriptions, with download-to-own rising a hefty 48% on 2012. The figures don’t even include subscriptions bundled with other services (like a cable company’s deal with Netflix) or advertising-supported VOD like Hulu or YouTube.
Of course, a chunk of this growth has been for television and traditional film, and the biggest beneficiaries continue to be the studios and large rights owners. For independents – as Scott Harris detailed in his frank description of the struggles self-distributing Being Ginger – digital distribution is typically a lot of work for limited gains. Why is this?
DRM: a return to Edison and the MPPC
11 December 2013 · 1 reaction
After releasing acclaimed films without digital rights management (DRM), Scottish Documentary Institute experienced no negative side-effects or rise in piracy. In the second of a series of posts looking at threats and potential of the digital space, Nic Wistreich compares DRM to the birth of cinema.
The monopoly that created the independents that created the studios
Imagine having to pay a license fee every time you filmed something or screened your work. At the start of the 20th century, the Motion Picture Patent Company (MPPC) in America controlled patents around cameras, film and projectors, and demanded fees for anyone screening or filming anything. The MPPC were able to dictate what could get filmed and screened, telling a young Alfred Zukor who had just bought the rights to a big French success: “The time is not ripe for features, if it ever will be” (as described in Timothy Wu’s excellent Master Switch).
Zukor, who would later head Paramount, became an early rebel who refused to play along, as was Carl Laemmle who declared himself ‘an independent’ – the first to use that name. Laemmle wasn’t independent for long, his company Universal became one of the biggest studios on the planet, as did those from other ‘rebels’ and ‘independents’ Willhelm Fuchs (20th Century Fox) and the Warner brothers Jack, Sam and Henry. When Laemmle started to make ‘independent films’ without paying a licence, he was sued 289 times in a three-year period by the Edison Trust, and eventually fled New York to the west coast with Fuchs, Zukor, the Warners and others, further from the MPPC ‘spies’ and lawyers, and closer to the Mexican border if a quick escape was needed.
It’s hard to avoid the irony that the founding of Hollywood was driven by people trying to dodge the copyright and patents on technology. These patents had created an unhealthy monopoly, and had they prevailed they could have prevented America’s rise to dominate cinema (France at the time produced twice as many films as the US). And yet the film industry’s view of open video today – which similarly believes that video technology is too important to be owned, locked down and controlled by one company – has undoubtedly been damaged in the piracy debate.
One US producer, well respected for his web-savvy approach, confided to me in 2008 that he didn’t like open source, calling it "the same as piracy" - in spite of thousands of open source projects from Wordpress and Mozilla to Redhat and Canonical running large, multi-million dollar, legitimate businesses. Somehow the issue of open technology – which powers every website in the world through HTML and the majority of smartphones through Android – has become confused with a filmmaker’s right to chose the price of their film, when they are quite distinct subjects. An open license around technology is not the same as saying every film must also be shared for free: open technology is about freedom from monopolies, not freedom from profit.
Free as in speech, not as in beer
Nowhere is the confusion of open tech and piracy more entwined than in the subject of digital rights management, the copy protection added to content to attempt to limit the ways consumers can use that content. As an architecture that can stop you playing the DVDs you bought overseas on holiday when you get home, or moving your Kindle files between tablet and phone, or accessing purchased downloads after you upgraded your computer, DRM has long been unpopular with consumers, yet to much of the film industry has been viewed as an unfortunate but important way to limit the risks of piracy.
If you ever tried to copy or sample a rented VHS as a kid you might remember how in a pre-digital age, copy-protection succeeded in limiting small-level copying – copies ended up a technicolor mush. But in the digital era it’s redundant. At best it is an inconvenience: but no system exists that’s uncrackable as people can always digitise their audio or video output (or simply film the screen). And once a DRM-free copy exists, anywhere in the world, it destroys the economic value of the DRM-encumbered version.
Pirates compete on quality, price, and availability
This summer, Scottish Documentary Institute used downloadable copies of I AM BREATHING for its theatrical Global Screening Day free from digital rights management (DRM) – and with no noticeable piracy or impact. In the first of a series of articles looking at some of the myths, challenges and opportunities around digital distribution, Nic Wistreich questions why it can still be so hard to pay to watch a film you want to see legally.
Perhaps no sector has been more involved in shifting the debate around video piracy than the TV industry. It seemingly began in late 2006, nine months after Steve Jobs had sold Pixar to Disney, joined their board and become more involved in their operations. Disney co-chair Anne Sweeney (pictured) declared at a conference that piracy was not simply a threat, but a competitor – that pirates competed on quality, price and availability. On all of these levels, she recognised, Hollywood was losing: "We don't like the model but we realise it's competitive enough to make it a major competitor going forward." Hulu launched five months later and competed on all three levels with free, ad-funded, flexible streams; the BBC’s iPlayer arrived not long after.
Piracy "better than an Emmy"
Then in August this year, Time Warner chief Jeff Bewkes appeared to jump the shark when he announced that piracy was "better than [winning] an Emmy." Time Warner/HBO’s Game of Thrones is one of the most-pirated TV shows of the last few years, and possibly one that has gained the most free marketing from piracy. "We’ve been dealing with this issue for literally 20-30 years," Bewkes said. "Our experience is, it all leads to more subs."
The difficulty with Bewkes’ argument, when related to independent feature films, is that he’s talking about episodic TV. A percentage of the people who got hooked on early episodes and seasons of Game of Thrones, Breaking Bad or The Walking Dead through pirate copies will subscribe to channels and services offering the latest episodes so they can watch them first. Their fandom expressed on Twitter and Facebook also builds awareness and might convince their non-pirating followers and friends to tune into those channels.
But one-off dramas, documentaries and features can’t benefit from these effects; a pirate stream or download will rarely translate into further money for the filmmaker other than occasionally through a future crowdfunding campaign, or platforms like Vodo or BitTorrent that let people Donate-After-View (DAV).
A great opportunity for non-financial valuation
posted by Michael Franklin | 196dc
Michael Franklin is a doctoral researcher at the Institute for Capitalising on Creativity and an industry consultant at Film Business Research. He wrote this response to Sonja Henrici's proposal of a 'Triple Bottom Line in Film?'
Sonja Henrici started a really interesting debate proposing a Triple Bottom Line in Film (TBL). The concept as I understand it involves adding social and environmental concerns, “people and planet”, to the profit bottom line. Sonja suggests the need for a template, or standard accounting practice that measures “actual cultural value”. One purpose of demonstrating “positive social action” or “positive audience engagement” is the gaining of rewards like “future investment, funding or sponsorship”. Reflection of a film’s impact additional to financial measurement is proposed as a potential avenue to satisfy funders and investors in the independent film business.
As Ben Kempas points out in comments on the post, the debate is timely given the attention on film funding in Scotland at the moment. Any institutional funding or investment for film must have a strategy behind it and underpinning such a strategy must be the intelligent use of data. As a consultant on the Virtuous Circle initiative of the Scottish Documentary Institute and an academic researcher dealing with this topic, I was kindly invited to contribute some thoughts. I am particularly focused on how the film market becomes digitally mediated through various metrics.
Amazing data visualisation of traditional metrics for film evaluation by Tom Evans (atacatcalledfrank) – could we do the same for social impact?
Clarity of Objective
There is great merit in exploring non-financial valuation frameworks for creative works. Documentary film is a perfect example and many fiction features could also claim similar worth. However, this is an area fraught with complexities and enticing tangential asides. A great deal of policy literature on public funding investigates attempts to capture the non-financial returns on cultural or creative investment. This is a broad topic that falls in and out of fashion, but is yet to define stable results. The BFI reported on cultural value of film in 2011 and the general topic continues to attract attention of institutions like the RSA. But if the aim of this initiative is a practical outcome, these wide debates are diversions and crucial distinctions need to be made to define a goal more narrowly.
Triple Bottom Line in Film?
03 October 2013 · 10 reactions
So here's an idea.
Last week I attended the Global Entrepreneurial Leaders conference, in short GEL, organised by the Scottish charity WildHearts and hosted by RBS in its campus-like headquarters in Edinburgh. As a filmmaker, it is rare to find yourself in the presence of politicians, billionaires, bankers, accountants, school kids, teachers, the third sector as well as an inspiring businesswoman from Uganda – at the same time. At the core of the conference was the idea of compassion in business and celebrating 'entrepreneurial spirit' in Scotland and beyond as a way out of economic and emotional poverty.
How did I find myself there? A free ticket. Why I got that is less interesting than how GEL made me think and feel. Listening to WildHearts' thought leader and founder Mick Jackson (a former musician), to big-name representatives from RBS (Chris Sullivan), to the Scottish Government (John Swinney) and to Tom Hunter (pictured), digesting the discussion of entrepreneurship and values among business leaders, I got a sense that perhaps the film industry has a way to go itself, implementing 'compassion' in its processes.
Even I catch myself thinking, well, "I work in documentary, aren't we contributing enough 'compassion' or social impact, by just doing what we're doing?"
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Ros Taylor
Flexible friends: why employers hire eastern European migrants in order to grow
Why do recruiters hire eastern European migrants? The answer is not that they have a better work ethic, writes Heather Rolfe. The employers surveyed by the NIESR say they are seeking flexibility and want to recruit people on temporary and zero-hour contracts, which British workers are often unwilling or unable to accept. But this flexibility enables businesses to grow and prosper in a way that would otherwise be impossible.
There is now little doubt that immigration will be the issue that will decide the referendum result. But it is danger of being decided on fiction rather than facts about its impact. We have never needed evidence about migration more. We do know a lot. We know that any statistical effects of migration on jobs and wages are very small. But statistics are often mistrusted. People’s lived experience tells them that something has happened to the labour market and the world of work and they believe migrants have played a part. They believe the availability of new workers from Eastern Europe has allowed employers to lower the bar, keeping pay levels down and offering temporary jobs or zero hours contracts. But what’s the evidence that migration has been instrumental in a process which finds an estimated 4.5 million people in insecure jobs? Through research involving 24 employers in the construction, hospitality and food and drink sectors, we set out to assess the evidence that migrants have changed our jobs.
Photo: therobedscribe via a CC-BY-NC-SA 2.0 licence
Migrants are not targeted
The first and very clear message from our employers was that they have no active preference for migrants. They recruit them because they apply, because they are available. They are not, as the media often portrays, shunning ‘lazy Brits’ who prefer to live off our ‘broken’ welfare system rather than take on low skilled work. Employers said they do not tailor their methods to recruit either migrants or local worker but to maximise applications. Our employers rarely targeted migrants and did so only when shortages were most severe, typically by using agencies with EU migrants on their books.
The other clear message was that the shortages which lead employers to recruit migrants are often not skills based. Employers need people for low skilled tasks such as room cleaning, serving coffee and baking. As Martin Ruhs at the Migration Observatory has said, skills and shortages are slippery concepts. Shortages of low skilled labour can affect business operations as much as higher skills gaps, for example of welders or chefs, which our employers also experienced. Many of our employers relied on being able to recruit at least some migrants to fill low skilled roles.
Why don’t locals apply?
Employers say they want to employ locals but they encounter barriers. Unemployment nationally is around five percent and employers in areas of low population, including holiday destinations and food factories lack a pool of locals of working age. Low pay and intrinsic features of work in low skilled sectors also make local recruitment difficult, including the arduous nature of the work – and in construction and factory jobs, the work environment.
The widespread use of temporary and zero hours contracts is also likely to discourage British workers from applying for work in these sectors. Employers in all three sectors used these contracts and, in construction, the ultimate form of flexibility – self employment. As Jon Ingham of the jobs and careers site Glassdoor recently told the Guardian:
“The most common reason that unemployed people turn down zero-hours contracts is the need for a guaranteed level of income to make this a viable alternative to receiving unemployment benefit”.
Employers knew these were less acceptable to local workers than to migrants but said that their business model demanded labour flexibility: in the food industry to cope with the demands of supermarkets and customers; in construction with an uncertain supply of work; and in hospitality with seasonality and unpredictable customer demand. The use of these contracts has increased, particularly in the last 5 years, driven by competitive pressures, not by migration.
(source: theguardian.com)
EU migrants have flex appeal
Employers report little difference between migrants and British workers on measures such as productivity, work ethic and commitment. But there is one important difference between some EU migrants and British workers. Their mobility and short term goals make them more flexible. They can adjust their hours up and down in a way that British workers either can’t or aren’t willing to do. Such arrangements are more acceptable to migrants, particularly recent arrivals, than to British workers because they are less likely to be seeking stable employment, at least in the short term.
Flexible migrant labour has enabled businesses in low skilled sectors to grow. Jobs in low paid sectors have changed alongside the growth in EU migrant numbers, not because of it. A number of case study employers said they would not have been able to expand their businesses without access to EU migrants, and that they formed part of their future plans for growth. Where migrants form a minority of the workforce, which they most often do, this has helped to create employment opportunities for British workers. Employers need low skilled workers as much as they need higher level skills. For this reason, as our report concludes, ending free movement and restricting low skilled immigration is likely to damage business and threaten jobs in some of our key sectors.
This post represents the views of the author and not those of the BrexitVote blog, nor the LSE.
See also Heather Rolfe: How to cope with Brexit – an employers’ guide
Heather Rolfe is Principal Research Fellow at the NIESR.
Posted In: Economics of Brexit | Featured | Migration
Migrants are much more desperate with no home ties or life; they have left them behind in their home country, thus providing the cheap and very flexible labour sought by unscrupulous employers.
They do succeed but at what cost to our and their home countries?
I quote
“My name is John Baxevanidis.
I came to the UK to avoid national service, I am a “fun” of academia, I have attended 3 Universities and equally obtained 3 degrees including 2 Master’s degrees in the process. I was born in Greece and brought up by my very poor single mother. I went to a “run of the mill” state school until I was 17 where I barely graduated by the skin of my teeth. I had never made the slightest effort to study until that point in my life. At the age of 18 I came to the UK. Now I am a “top earner” (according to the statistics), drive an expensive car, but live in a small 3 bed detached house.
I consider myself to be “from the block”, yet at the same time much more cultured, educated and informed than most people I know. I know a lot of young people who have no dreams, no aspirations and consequently they are going nowhere. However, they belong to a “social class” higher than mine. Can you connect the dots? There were no opportunities presented to me at any moment in my life. My parents and I “forced” them. Cultural and geographical idiosyncrasies play a huge role. So yes in median/average/statistical terms there are hundreds of different factors that “micro-affect” and “micro-influence” classes. People tend to stick to where they are (in statistical terms at least) because they are not allowed by “society” to go anywhere else. This is a “macro” factor. I’m a cynic and a realist and I do not believe any time soon that “society” will ever allow equality or freedom. If you want to explore the answer to your question, you have to go back in history to understand it better.
Do you really, truly think that a different tax system, policy or law will eliminate this problem? Think with your heart not your calculator and you will probably realise that it will not make much difference.
Do the starving and the diseased have equal opportunities in this world? Why is that? What is the social and economic class of a thousand generations born in poverty, disease or war? But I know this is a different kettle of fish because I am referring to an entirely different group of people…different demographics…different “statistical groups”, blah, blah, hence let’s not talk about them…
This country has an educational system which is presented by society as “one of the best”. Yet if you speak to foreign people in education (school or university) will testify that the level of education in England at least (as I am not aware of the rest of the UK) is very poor. Schools dish out “tripple” A’s or double stars or whatever, like shops give out flyers in the streets, yet children are still just about literate in comparison with other countries. I am not just exaggerating for a humorous effect, I have met plenty of such kids and University graduate later on, who lag just as much in their abilities and knowledge. When I did my first degree in the University of Manchester most of the English students had to go to “night school” to learn basic maths before proceeding with the rest of the class. The university already had this facility, aware of the lack of knowledge. Don’t get me wrong, England still breeds fantastic scientists and brilliant minds, but we are talking about the average and statistical here after all. There is no recipe for the road to success. Academia loves boxes and statistics and graphs, etc. What makes you as a person? Your social class, your education, your salary, your parents’ wealth, your manners, your empathy towards others, your religion, the car you drive? Why do we care about social mobility? (I know most do, it’s rhetorical question) Our “care and concern” about social and economic mobility is what pushes people further into extremism, vanity, but also apathy. Who says that going up will make you happy? Success is measured differently by everybody.”
Caroline Magoha says:
Nonsense. I’m a lone mother and came here with my then 9yo son. I speak 3 languages and work as a receptionist.
These stereotypes nauseate me and reek of racism.
Black and Italian.
David Johal says:
It’s people like you that have caused working class indigenous people to become impoverished, I’m so glad Britain will be out of the EU now a good middle finger to all you uncaring profit crazed elitist luvvies who haven’t spent a day in the real world.
And the conservatives have won the UK general election putting labour to utter laughing shame.
Jim Farr says:
Ms. Rolfe:
Yours is a narrowly focused view. There is an entirely different view to yours.
That view is that without ALL those migrants the small enterprises would grow but would have to pay more in wages than they get away with in paying to migrants.
Guess which view gets the votes in the referendum?
Alex McDuff says:
“The employers surveyed by the NIESR say they are seeking flexibility and want to recruit people on temporary and zero-hour contracts, which British workers are often unwilling or unable to accept.”
So the argument is that employers don’t like the workforce they have in the citizens of the nation, therefore the citizenry needs to be replaced. I guess that would be OK if the interests of the larger society were not actually dependent on the well-being of the charter members of that society.
Pingback: Why the green left should reconsider its stance on immigration | Bioregion Birmingham
TJpan says:
Ms Rolfe
The content in this article is one of the main reasons why people voted out.
The stereotyping of British workers, your bias viewpoint and indication that British workers are incapable, inflexible and lazy, these put downs to justify and stress for the need and continuous inflow of eastern european migrant workers is ridiculous.
Low-skilled workers from Eastern Europe depress wages, ending free movement and restricting low skilled immigration is the way forward to relieve conjestion on the UK job market
The long-term economic implications of a Brexit might not be as negative as many studies suggest
How the EU’s Capital Markets Union could fare without the City
Video: Brexit and Migration
Culture and civil society
Why are the white working classes still being held responsible for Brexit and Trump?
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Solid-hair-ity for girls soccer team disqualified because player looked like a boy
Bob Collins June 9, 2017, 1:38 PM Jun 9, 2017
“It was scary, but it made me feel good to support Mili,” said Erika Ortez, 10, who about 6 inches of her hair. https://t.co/YI5ce1kzuj
— Omaha World-Herald (@OWHnews) June 9, 2017
An update on the Nebraska soccer team that got kicked out of a tournament last weekend because the team originally said officials thought one player — 8 year old Milli Hernandez — looked like a boy:
After practice last evening, her teammates cut their hair to show her they love her, the Omaha World-Herald reports today.
“It was scary, but it made me feel good to support Mili,” said Erika Ortez, 10.
Asked to assess the meaning of it all, Milli said only, “they care.”
Tournament officials said they took action because of a paperwork error.
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LifebloodMN
It wasn’t that she looked like a boy, but a technicality, she was marked down on the roster as a boy. And boys were not allowed. The error should have been easily corrected but it wasn’t or they were unable- I’m not sure why they couldn’t have corrected the error. Someone erred
Capn
Interesting that Bob Collins doesn’t care at all about accuracy. This is a sad story, but the columnist is knowingly lying about it. #ShockJock
I don’t blame Bob personally. It’s just another example of how media narratives are created, spun, and disseminated. It’s just too sensationalist of a story. Another ‘man bites dog’ tale.
http://www.espn.com/espnw/sports/article/19571063/a-typo-rules-violations-led-dq-nebraska-soccer-team-player-looks-boy-plus-death-threats-tourney-director
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Books Books 1 - 10 of 26 on ... had become thin and flattened like a pancake. All communication between the inferior....
... had become thin and flattened like a pancake. All communication between the inferior portion of the stomach and the mouth was of course prevented ; yet, instead of emaciating and dying of an atrophy, the animal had availed itself of what...
The Microscope: Its History, Construction, and Applications - Page 218
by Jabez Hogg - 1856 - 457 pages
...have been two inches in diameter, and that hud somehow contrived to swallow a valve of Pecten maximum of the size of an ordinary saucer. The shell fixed...tensely over had become thin and flattened like a pancako. All communication between the inferior portion of the stomach and the mouth was of course...
Zoology: Fishes and invertebrated animals
William Benjamin Carpenter - Fishes - 1845
...originally two inches in diameter, and that had somehow contrived to swallow a valve of Pecten maximus of the size of an ordinary saucer. The shell, fixed...two halves, so that the body, stretched tensely over it, had become thin and flattened like a pancake. All communication between the inferior portion of...
Wonders of the sea-shore
Wonders - 1847
...in diameter, and that had somehow contrived to swallow a valve of Pecten maximus (the scallop shell) of the size of an ordinary saucer. The shell fixed...completely into two halves, so that the body, stretched tightly over, had become thin and flattened like a pancake." This species is liable to great variation...
Zoology: A Systematic Account of the General Structure, Habits ..., Volume 2
William Benjamin Carpenter - Zoology - 1848
...originally two inches in diameter, and that had somehow contrived to swallow a valve of Pecten maximut of the size of an ordinary saucer. The shell, fixed...two halves, so that the body, stretched tensely over it, had become thin and flattened like a pancake. All communication between the inferior portion of...
First Steps to Zoology
Robert Patterson - 1849
...might have been originally two inches in diameter, but had somehow contrived to swallow a scallop shell the size of an ordinary saucer. The shell fixed within...was so placed as to divide it completely into two equal parts, so that the body stretched over it had become thin and flattened like a pancake. All communication...
Iconographic encyclopaedia of science, literature, and art, Volume 2
...originally two inches in diameter, and that had somehow contrived to swallow a valve of Pecten maximus of the size of an ordinary saucer. The shell, fixed...over, had become thin and flattened like a pancake. AH communication between the inferior portion of the stomach and the mouth was, of course, prevented...
Excelsior: Helps to Progress in Religion, Science, and Literature, Volumes 1-2
James Hamilton - 1854
...diameter, and that had somehow contrived to swallow a valve of the great scallop (Pccten maximus), of the size of an ordinary saucer. The shell, fixed...portion of the stomach and the mouth was of course preventsd, yet, instead of emaciating and dying of an atrophy, the animal had availed itself of what...
England - 1857
...have been two inches in diameter, and that had somehow contrived to swallow a valve of Pectén maximus of the size of an ordinary saucer. The shell fixed...between the inferior portion of the stomach and the month was of course prevented ; yet instead of emaciating and dying of an atrophy, the animal had availed...
The Microscope
Jabez Hogg - Microscopes - 1858 - 607 pages
...of the size of an ordinary saucer. The shell, fixed within (1) Mr. Tugwell's Manual of Sea-Anemones. the stomach, was so placed as to divide it completely...was of course prevented; yet, instead of emaciating Fig. 193. 1, Actinia rubra. Sea marigold, near which is one shown retracted. 2, Actinia bellia, Daisy...
Zoology: Being a Systematic Account of the General Structure, Habits ...
...originally two inches in diameter, and that had somehow contrived to swallow a valve of Pecten n,axl,nus of the size of an ordinary saucer. The shell, fixed...two halves, so that the body, stretched tensely over it, had become thin and flattened like a pancake. All communication between the inferior portion of...
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Bootup Entrepreneurial Society
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Support “With Glowing Hearts” Movie
We try and support many people in our neighbourhood. Jon from Animal Mother Films approached us about getting the word out about getting support for their documentary film, With Glowing Hearts. Read his guest post on his initiative below.
We’ve seen in the past few years the growing influence of “citizen journalism” on the mainstream media, and we are confident that the Vancouver Games may prove to be a watershed moment in this “crowdsourcing” of the news. The fact that all it now takes to live-stream events to a potential global audience is a unit which fits into your pocket (as opposed to a million dollar broadcasting van) is tremendously democratizing.
Vancouver’s Downtown Eastside is an excellent example of this situation. This impoverished, often-maligned community suffers from a host of social ills, yet finds itself located in the heart of one of the most desirable, wealthy and tech-savvy cities on Earth. With the 2010 Winter Olympic Games set to hit the city in a few short weeks, an intense global media spotlight is expected to follow, and residents of the DTES are bracing themselves for yet another onslaught of stories about the “hell” that is their home. What many people don’t get to see, however, is the vibrant community that exists there, and the multitude of people who are dedicated to finding a “hand up” rather than a “handout”. Nor will the public see the impact of the Games on this highly marginalized community in Vancouver’s historic core.
For the past year, we at Animal Mother Films have been producing a film called With Glowing Hearts about a remarkable group of people living in the DTES, and documenting their efforts to use social media technologies to empower themselves, their neighbours and strengthen the bonds of a community bracing itself for the worst. Through initiatives like W2, Fearless Media, and AHA Media, we’ve seen stories, histories and new perspectives shared with a potentially global audience and the immensely empowering feeling that is having your voice heard. We’re interested in the different range of coverage of the Games that will come out the traditional vs. the new media and where those new voices are coming from. We’re also interested in the True North Media House, an ad hoc collection of some of some of the city’s social media intellegentsia who are determined to keep redefining the boundaries of social media and have a damn good time doing it.
The long term effects, positive or negative, of hosting the Games are anyone’s guess right now, but we at AMF feel that it is our privilege and duty to document this pivotal moment in our city’s history. By getting involved with us and the groups whose efforts we are looking to highlight, we are offering you the opportunity to help support the gift of communications and also ensure that history is able to take a complete view of what happens in Vancouver this February. We hope that as members yourselves of Vancouver’s social media community, you’ll see the value in contributing to the production of a documentary which highlights this highly innovative and inspirational initiative and solidify Vancouver’s global reputation as a leading center of Internet technologies.
The primary forms of support we’re looking for right now are either financial or reputational. Now, please don’t just glaze over the first one because truly every little bit helps and the process is quite quick and painless through the “Chip In” widget on our site and all contributions will be acknowledged on both the site and film.
By reputational, I mean help us get the word out about what we’re doing and the efforts of the people we’re highlighting. Follow us @wghthemovie and encourage other people to check it out as well, once again every little bit helps.
Thanks for your time and consideration and please don’t hesitate to contact me at jon@animalmotherfilms.com if you’d like some more information.
February 22, 2010 Danny Robinson AHA Media, Animal Mother Films, citizen journalism, Downtown Eastside, DTES, Fearless Media, Olympics, social media, TNMH, True North Media House, Vancouver 2010 Olympic Games, W2, With Glowing Hearts Leave a comment
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All 84 variant Detective Comics #1000 covers complete checklist & gallery–Detective Comics reaches landmark issue this week
Filed under: Comics & Books, Retro Fix, Superheroes — 2 Comments
Detective Comics, the title DC Comics took its name from, first hit the shelves of newsstands just before March 1937, 26 months before Batman would first appear in the famous Issue #27 in May 1939. This Wednesday the monthly comic book’s landmark Issue #1000 is arriving, and it’s going to be packed with content from several writers and artists. It’s 96 pages in all, including the first appearance outside video games of Arkham Knight. And as you’d expect, DC Comics is releasing the issue with several covers (our count below is a whopping 84 or about a cover for each year Detective Comics has been in print!), including a standard cover, a set of decade-inspired covers, both a blank sketch cover and new black edition, retailer incentives featuring logos or no logos, and several limited, exclusive shop, convention, and creator store variants. More than a few are simply stunning, and this is the rare mass cover event where the final regular cover set (10) includes several works as interesting or better than the exclusives (the Frank Miller with the classic title art really takes us back to the 1980s). Check them all out below–all 100 images including art without logos–with links to where to buy them (exclusives that haven’t sold out in pre-sales).
Writers for stories in Detective Comics Issue #1000 include Brian Michael Bendis, Paul Dini, Warren Ellis, Geoff Johns, Tom King, Christopher Priest, Dennis O’Neil, Kevin Smith, Scott Snyder, Peter J. Tomasi, and James T Tynion IV. Interior artists include Neal Adams, Greg Capullo, Tony S. Daniel, Steve Epting, Joëlle Jones, Kelley Jones, Jim Lee, Doug Mahnke, Alex Maleev, Alvaro Martinez, and Dustin Nguyen.
DC Comics did a nice job of pulling out creators defining each decade, with Steve Rude (1930s), Bruce Timm (1940s Detective Comics #69 homage), Michael Cho (1950s), Jim Steranko (1960s), Bernie Wrightson (1970s), Frank Miller (1980s), Tim Sale (1990s), Jock (2000s), and Greg Capullo (2010s)–all appear to only be available with the trade “Detective Comics” logo (but we’ve included images of the original art below). DC Comics publisher Jim Lee is back again with the standard cover, a wraparound design. The rest reflect a crazy big stack of variants by everyone and anyone, most available with the Detective Comics logo (with “trade” logo) or without logo (“virgin”), some in black and white, some with sketch art, some with foil cardstock. The following are all the non-standard variant artists and where to get them (we heard an Andy Kubert cover may be out there, but could not confirm this): Neal Adams (three designs, NealAdams.com), Jay Anacleto (trade, virgin, and B&W) (Unknown Comic Books), Kaare Andrews (trade only, no virgin-only edition confirmed) (Third Eye), Artgerm (trade, virgin, retro) (Forbidden Planet), Lee Bermejo (virgin, trade) (Midtown), Brian Bolland (trade, virgin, B&W) (Forbidden Planet), Greg Capullo (gold foil version of his 2010s cover) (WonderCon variant), Clayton Crain (virgin, trade) (Scorpion Comics), Tony S. Daniel (trade, no virgin-only) (artist website, Comic Stop), Gabriele Dell’Otto (trade, silver virgin, and gold convention) (Bulletproof), Jason Fabok (trade, virgin, B&W) (Yesteryear Comics), Riccardo Federici (trade, virgin) (ComicXposure), Pat Gleason & Alejandro Sanchez (trade, virgin, B&W) (Newbury Comics), Adam Hughes (trade, virgin) (Frankie’s Comics), Jee-Hyung Lee (trade, virgin, B&W) (Frankie’s Comics), Dan Jurgens & Kevin Nowlan (sketch, line art, and color versions) (Dynamic Forces), Mike Lilly (trade-only, no virgin cover) (Comics Vault), Warren Louw (virgin, trade) (KRS Comics), and Doug Mahnke (trade, virgin) (Planet Comicon).
Plus there’s Francesco Mattina (trade, virgin) (Midtown), Mike Mayhew (trade, virgin) (The Comic Mint), Stewart McKenny (trade, we couldn’t locate anyone selling the virgin cover) (Comics Etc.), Dawn McTeigue (virgin, trade) (Comics Elite), Rodolfo Migliari (trade, retro trade, virgin) (BuyMeToys.com), Lucio Parrillo (trade, virgin) (Scorpion Comics), Alex Ross (two covers) (via his website), Natali Sanders (virgin, trade) (KRS Comics), Nicola Scott costume match design to her Superman image for Action Comics #1000 (trade, virgin) (Kings Comics), Bill Sienkiewicz (two designs, signed or not, one in trade, one virgin, via his website), Mico Suayan (trade, virgin) (Unknown Comic Books), Jim Lee & Scott Williams (midnight release vertical and convention silver foil, B&W, and four villain designs) (Torpedo Comics, Bedrock City Comics, Graham Crackers).
Want to see them all? Here goes:
Tags: Adam Hughes, Alejandro Sanchez, Alex Maleev, Alex Ross, all Detective Comics 1000 covers, Alvaro Martinez, Artgerm, Bernie Wrightson, Bill Sienkiewicz, Brian Bowland, Brian Michael Bendis, Bruce Timm, Christopher Priest, Clayton Crain, Dan Jurgens, Dawn McTeigue, DC Comics, Dennis O'Neil, Detective Comics, Detective Comics 1000, Detective Comics 1000 complete variant cover checklist, Detective Comics 1000 variants, Detective Comics complete variant cover checklist, Doug Mahnke, Dustin Nguyen, Francesco Mattina, Frank Miller, Gabriele Dell'Otto, Geoff Johns, Greg Capullo, James T Tynion IV, Jason Fabok, Jay Anacleto, Jee-Hyung Lee, Jerry Robinson, Jim Lee, Jim Steranko, Joëlle Jones, Jock, Kaare Andrews, Kelley Jones, Kevin Nowlan, Kevin Smith, Lee Bermejo, Lucio Parrillo, Michael Cho, Mico Suayan, Mike Lilly, Mike Mayhew, Natali Sanders, Neal Adams, Nicola Scott, Pat Gleason, Paul Dini, Peter J. Tomasi, Planet Comicon, Planet Comicon exclusives, Riccardo Federici, Rodolfo Migliari, Scott Snyder, Scott Williams, Steve Epting, Steve Rude, Stewart McKenny, Tim Sale, Tom King, Tony Daniel, Tony S. Daniel, variant covers, Various, Warren Ellis, Warren Louw
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An appeal is a request to review a decision you don't agree with. Here's what you need to know about appeals.
Student Resources/ Academic Services/ Learner Appeals
What is an appeal?
An appeal is a request by a learner to review a decision that they do not agree with. The College's "Learner Appeals Policy" explains learners' right to appeal. Please see the policy for additional information.
When is an appeal appropriate?
An appeal should be based on evidence that the decision was incorrect, unfair, or did not take into account all relevant information. Requesting another chance and/or apologizing for behaviour or performance are not considered reasons for an appeal. You may wish to discuss the appropriateness of your appeal with a learner affairs officer or a counsellor in Learner Success Services.
Grade Appeal
This is a request to review a final grade or a grade on an assignment or test.
How do you submit a grade appeal request?
If you feel that a grade you got is not correct, the first step is to speak to the instructor of the course for which you are appealing a grade to see if it can be resolved without an appeal process.
To begin the appeal process, fill out the Learner Appeal Request form. This form is only available in digital form, no paper versions available. When filling out the form, you need to mention evidence or reasons why you believe the grade you received is wrong. The information on the form must be complete and correct.
Final grade appeal requests must be submitted within one month of the release of the final grade. An appeal of a grade on an assignment or test must be made within five business days of when the grade was made available to you. Appeals submitted after the deadline will be denied.
Grade appeal requests can be submitted:
by email to registrar@bowvalleycollege.ca with the completed form attached; this must come from the learner's MyBVC email account;
You will be notified about the next steps by a staff member of the area that is handling the appeal. Usually you will be asked to take informal appeal steps to resolve the issue. If you are not satisfied with the outcome of the informal steps, you can inform the staff member who contacted you that you wish to have a formal appeal hearing.
The formal grade appeal hearing will be conducted by the dean of the School or Centre which offers the course for which you are appealing the grade.
General Learner Appeal
This is a request to review an academic or other decision that has been made (that is not a grade appeal).
What are examples of decisions that might be appealed?
A decision to withdraw a learner from a program
A decision to withdraw a learner from a course or other learning activity
A decision to restrict a learner from being on College property or some area of the College
A decision to deny a learner from participating in certain activities
If you feel that a wrong decision has been made, the first step is to speak to the person who made the decision (e.g. instructor or coordinator) to see if it can be resolved without an appeal process.
To begin the appeal process, fill out the digital Learner Appeals Form. When filling out the form, you need to mention evidence or reasons why you believe the decision you are appealing was wrong. The information on the form must be word processed to make sure it is correctly understood and legible.
General appeals must be submitted within one month of when you were notified of the decision that you are appealing. Appeals submitted after one month will be denied.
How to submit your form
Submit your Learner Appeals form by email to registrar@bowvalleycollege.ca with the completed form attached; this must come from your own MyBVC email account.
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PPC LIVE: Fly control and the importance of catch tray analysis
How can fly catch analysis help with the initial identification of insect infestations? Sean, John and Debbie will cover the importance of adding a fly catch analysis when servicing a fly control contract and how to approach end-users to upsell fly catch analysis as part of the contract. They’ll also take a look at sourcing the correct fly killer unit and compare LED and traditional UV tubes.
Presented by: Sean Parr, UK Pro-Pest Sales Manager, John Fish, Pelsis Product Engineer, and Debbie Wilson, Technical Manager, Pelsis
Debbie has worked in pest control since 1987, initially starting in the industry as a surveyor. Following a period outside the industry, Debbie returned to pest control with Rentokil as a Service Technician in 2005, later working in the role of High Dependency Technician and qualifying to RSPH Level 2 in Pest Control, Debbie gained her Vertebrate Management Course certificate before later moving to the roll of Field Biologist and gaining the qualification of BPCA Diploma part 2, even receiving a nomination for the Charles Keeble Award by the BPCA for high scoring in the exam.
Following further qualifications, including the RSPH level 3 Award in Food Safety Supervision for Manufacturing, Safe and effective use of Air rifles, Health and Safety level 3, Neuroscience Train the Trainer, Insect ID, Level 2 Award in using Aluminium Phosphide for Management of Vertebrate Pests and also an RSPH Certified Assessor qualification for the Safe Use of Aluminium Phosphide.
Debbie joined Pelsis in 2013 to support customers within the industry with both training and technical assistance.
Sean started out as a technician in Birmingham in 2005 for a small regional pest control business known then as Pestbusters. Not long after starting out as a technician he completed BPCA RSPH Level 2 residential course at the University of Warwick which lit a fire inside him for the pest control industry.
Following the RSPH BPCA level 2 course he completed a Safe and effective use of air weapons course and a year later a Surveying, selling and marketing bird work course in 2006, giving him a really useful insight into pest control sales. Following this, Sean started to make my transition into a sales role by moving into a 50/50 part sales and part service role before then transitioning into a full-time pest control surveyor role in 2007.
After a number of successful years as a pest control surveyor, he then progressed into a sales managers position managing a team in the same regional business. At the start of summer 2019 he moved from the service side of the industry over to the pest control products side. He now works for Pelsis as their UK sales manager for their Professional pest control product supplies division Edialux. He now manages a team of area sales managers that provide products to regional pest control businesses across the UK and Ireland.
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Home > Download Digital Books and Papers > BPM in Financial Services
BPM in Financial Services
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BPM in Financial Services Second Edition - $ 17.97
BPM in Financial Services 2nd Edition
(Digital Edition, download immediately)
Foreword by Michael Heffner
Size: 292 pages PDF / 12 MB.
Digital BENEFITS: Enjoy immediate PDF download, live URLs, searchable text, graphics and charts in color. No shipping charges or tax. Delivered in unzipped PDF; mobile device-friendly.
This updated and expanded edition brings the reader the latest updates on this important sector of industry with completely new content, following the first edition.
"This book delivers a vital collection of use cases providing practical insight to those focused on digital transformation. It couldn’t come at a better time. The Financial Services industry is in the middle of a major transition to become more customer value focused, more compliant, and better-adjusted to new normal cost structures. That’s the story behind the story of evolving modern digital technologies including FinTech, Cognitive, Machine Learning, Automation, Robotics, IoT, BlockChain, and other new and interesting opportunities."
-- Mike Heffner, Foreword
Other titles in the BPM and Workflow eBook Series...
* Healthcare (second edition) (size 185 pages, 8MB zipped file)
* Introduction to BPM and Workflow (Size: 130 pages, 3MB)
* Financial Services (first edition) (Size: 265 pages, 10 MB zipped file.)
* Utilities and Telecommunications (152 pages, 5MB)
This new Edition presents a curated collection of the best and most important chapters on Financial Services recently published in the annual BPM Handbook and Excellence in Practice series and our other publications.
BPM’s promises are real, but the path to success is often littered with pitfalls and shortcuts to failure.
This book is going to appeal to those getting into BPM in Financial Services and seeking to engage colleagues into the journey. It provides realistic and pragmatic guidance on how to approach BPM initiatives, along with a wide range of modern case studies developed by those who have undertaken real BPM programs.
For those setting out on the BPM journey, you'll find the direct guidance on business case development and ROI calculation examples particularly useful. Perhaps more importantly, the case study authors also share their real-world best practices and pitfalls to avoid.
Best practices can help you avoid pitfalls. If you are just embarking on using its methods and tools, these authors have a wealth of experience to learn from and build on. Whether you are a business manager in an end-user environment, a supplier of BPM products or services, or a technology practitioner, this special collection of papers will provide valuable information about what BPM can do for you—and how to apply it.
WfMC Annual Awards for Excellence in BPM and Workflow
The case studies featured in this book are all recipients of the annual prestigious awards for Excellence in BPM and Workflow.
If you’d like YOUR case study to be considered for publication, submit it to the annual BPM awards at http://BPMF.org.
Award-winning entries are guaranteed publication.
Section One: Overview
The Heart of BPM
Nathaniel Palmer, BPM, Inc., USA
The impact of new technologies, the mandate for greater transparency, and the ongoing aftershocks of globalization have collectively removed nearly any trace of predictability within the business environment. As a result, sustainable competitive advantage no longer comes from scale and efficiency but adaptability – the ability to process streams of information flows, make sense of these, and rapidly translate these into effective responses designed for precision rather repeatability.
Benefits of Policy and Rules Driven Processes in LatAm Retail Banking Automation
Kay Winkler, Negocios y Soluciones Informá-ticas, Ricardo Ungo, Panama Canal Authority, Panama
The following analysis and reflections represent the gathered experiences our team members at NSI (Negocios y Soluciones Informáticas, S.A.) have made during the last eight years, implementing more than 150 BPM solutions in several countries but mainly in Latin America (LatAm), in the financial industry. Being the results and conclusions of a broadly experienced, vertically specialized but only a single organization, this paper is complemented by our correspondent peers to serve as a practical guideline for applied and proven business process implementation methodologies and ROI metrics, allowing for continued improvements.
Linking Architectures for Business Results
Jude Chagas Pereira, IYCON
Organizations today have adopted business process management as a must-have initiative to further their success. This is driven by many factors, the need to rationalize cost, the allure of promised results, and also the mounting peer pressure where “everyone is implementing BPM.”
Irrespective of the motive that started an organization onto the BPM journey, every organization today finds itself in a juncture, where they have to measure the cost of the BPM initiative, and quantify the benefits to the stakeholders.
Adaptive Case Management and the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act
Kay Winkler, NSI Soluciones, Panama
There are staggering amounts of new regulatory requirements each year that threaten the very operability of many businesses. The question of how to turn these challenges into real business opportunities becomes ever more existential for companies in a globalized and fiercely competitive market. That is where successful companies increase their reliance on modern technologies and where, in practice, Adaptive Case Management (ACM) stands out.
The financial industry, typically being among the most mature verticals when it comes to business process management disciplines, has faced, since 2013, an especially pressing compliance requirement which in many instances not only required banks, wealth management organizations and insurance companies to completely revamp their current “Know Your Customer” (KYC) approach but to also envision a thoroughly new way to conduct customer management and origination.
Section Two: Proof of Success
Award-winning case studies
African Reinsurance, Africa
Nominated by Newgen Software Technologies Ltd, India
African Reinsurance Corporation is a leading player in the reinsurance sector in African region. At present the client has the membership from African Development Bank, 41 member countries of the African union, 107 African insurance and reinsurance companies and four non-African Development Finance Institutions. The client has spread its operations across seven regions including the Head Office at Lagos, Nigeria.
AgFirst Farm Credit Bank, USA
Nominated by Bizagi, United Kingdom
AgFirst is part of the national Farm Credit System, the largest agricultural lending organization in the United States. With assets of more than $27 billion, AgFirst provides funding and financial services to 19 farmer-owned financial cooperatives in 15 eastern states and Puerto Rico. These cooperatives, operating as Farm Credit and AgCredit agricultural credit associations (ACAs), offer real estate and production financing to more than 80,000 farmers, agribusinesses and rural homeowners.
Axle Group Holdings Ltd., UK
Nominated by EmergeAdapt, United Kingdom
In January 2012, Axle Group Holding, one of the UK's largest multi-channel tyre retailers, replaced four eCommerce systems along with a back-office platform to provide case workers with a tool to deliver customer service and post-order treatment. EmergeAdapt built the eCommerce systems and a new back-office case management platform, integrated to all four sites, and to a branch and warehouse system written in DataFlex. All systems were launched in December 2012.
Bank Dhofar
Nominated by Newgen Software Technologies Limited, India
Established in January 1990, Bank Dhofar commenced operations with two branches, in Muscat and Salalah. Today it is one of the fastest growing Banks in the Sultanate of Oman, with a strong presence in Corporate Banking, Consumer Banking, Treasury Banking and Project Finance. The bank realized that to facilitate and manage the growth of its retail assets, it needed to enhance its operational capacity, productivity, and ability to scale-up operations. Automation of key business processes was identified as a key imperative. The bank decided to automate two of its key business processes, Retail Loan Origination (covering Home Loan & Personal Loan), and Credit Card Processing.
CNP Asfalistiki Ltd., Cyprus
Nominated by Newgen Software Technologies
CNP Asfalistiki Ltd has the largest market share of General Business within the Cyprus Insurance Industry and has branches all over Cyprus. The CNP Asfalistiki Ltd., Company was incorporated in 1981 as a subsidiary of Cyprus Popular Bank Public Co Ltd (CNP Asfalistiki Ltd Bank). Since January 2009 there has been a Strategic Partnership’ between Cyprus Popular Bank Pub-lic Co Ltd (CNP Asfalistiki Ltd Bank) and the French Insurance Group CNP Assurance. The strategic partnership aims to consolidate its leading position in the Cyprus Insurance Market and to further improve the quality of services, utilizing the dynamics and experience of CNP Assurances.
Colpensiones, Colombia
Nominated by Bizagi
Since 2007, as part of the reform of the Colombian social security system, the government has been working on the modernization and improvement in efficiency and service of the pension system. This was previously under the management of an entity with innumerable problems of information management, quality of service, out dated technologies and slow processes.
Crawford & Company, United States
Nominated by Appian Corporation, United States
With 700 offices in more than 70 countries, Crawford & Company provides claims management services used by the largest insurance providers in the world. A core part of Crawford's business is Global Disaster Response for incidents such as hurricanes in the U.S or tsunamis in Japan. Crawford must deploy small armies of claims adjusters to the world's most devastated regions so life – and business – can begin to return to normal in the quickest time possible. These adjusters are not Crawford employees; they are contractors who are un-schooled in Crawford business processes.
Delta Lloyd, the Netherlands
Nominated by You-Get, the Netherlands
Delta Lloyd Group is an expert, reliable and accessible financial services provider. We have a single goal: to offer security to our customers, now and in the future. We operate under three strong brands: Delta Lloyd, OHRA and ABN AMRO Insurance.
Our product and service offering covers the areas of insurance, pensions, in-vesting and banking. And we do not only service consumers, but small and large companies, multinationals and pension funds as well.
Eaton Vance Investment Managers, USA
Nominated by EMC Corporation, USA
Founded in 1924 and one of the oldest investment management firms in the United States, Eaton Vance offers individuals and institutions a broad array of investment strategies and wealth management solutions.
Eaton Vance has a long-standing reputation as a leading developer of creative strategies with strong investment merit. The ability to anticipate the evolving needs of investors and meet them with timely innovations continues to be a hallmark of the organization.
Fleet One, USA
Nominated by 4Spires, USA
WEX Fleet One is a midsized company that provides fuel cards and other financial services to private and governmental organizations with fleets of vehicles. The 9-person marketing department was struggling with managing their workload. They receive numerous requests from company management and colleagues in other departments for preparing marketing collateral, advertisements, exhibits at trade shows, marketing programs, etc. On an ongoing basis the department is typically working on 20 or more requests at a time.
Freedom Mortgage, USA
Retail Title Track Rewrite Process.
Title Ordering and Review are key components of the mortgage financing process. Title ordering and the title search process reveal the financial obligations that could potentially impact the sale of the property, including such actions such as lawsuits, liens, legal claims, etc. The mortgage lender holds responsibility for the title review process.
Generali CEE Holding B.V.,
Generali CEE Holding (Generali) is a leading insurance group in Central and Eastern Europe with total assets under management of €14.8 billion and more than 11 million clients.
In 2011-2014, we embarked on “Project Puccini,” a large-scale initiative to significantly boost process visibility, productivity and efficiency in the area of Corporate Risks underwriting for 10 countries throughout Central and East-ern Europe.
HCL IBS, United Kingdom
Back Office Optimization, Nominated by Corporate Modelling, UK
HCL IBS is an outsourcer carrying out policy administration and affiliated services in the UK closed book Life Assurance and Pensions market place. We deliver those services to demanding commercial SLAs, cheaper than the insurance companies with whom we contract and we have to make a profit!
HML, UK
Nominated by IBM, UK
HML responds faster to customer communications, streamlining workflows for incoming correspondence with IBM Business Process Manager. When your business depends on your clients' trust, you need to make sure that you meet their expectations, not just most of the time, but all the time.
As a leading provider of outsourced mortgage, savings and loan administration services for the financial services sector, HML understands this better than most.
Infosys McCamish Systems, USA
Nominated by PegaSystems, USA
The life insurance industry is complex – multitudes of products, different markets, each with their own unique set of processing rules, many policy owners holding multiple policies, spread across broad geographic regions – and each expecting the same customer care they experience when interacting with companies such as Apple, Amazon, etc. As a service provider, supporting call center and back office operations for 36 insurance carriers, this complexity increases exponentially. Call center and operational processes were carrier specific and the outdated/legacy system limitations acted as a bottle neck to consolidate and unify these processes.
New Millennia Group PLC, UK
Nominated by AuraPortal USA
New Millennia Group PLC’s (NMG) business model operates within the £22 billion per annum United Kingdom temporary recruitment industry. Providing invoice funding, credit insurance, payroll and administration facilities to recruitment agencies operating nationwide. NMG have been working within this industry since 2000 and hold both trade body and government licenses in order to operate. Their administration processes and government compliance issues are very complex and are susceptible to several major changes in any one year. NMG have a workflow cycle of seven days.
PENSCO Trust Company, USA
Nominated by PENSCO Trust Company, USA
Many individual investors would love to use their retirement savings to purchase non-publicly traded, alternative assets in today’s economic environment, but the complexity of administering these assets has caused many financial institutions to opt out of offering them as part of their investment platform. As a regulated banking company since 1989, PENSCO Trust has been one of a relatively small number of leading retirement account custodians that permit financially savvy, self-directed individual retirement account (IRA) owners to invest in alternative assets.
Pershing LLC,
a BNY Mellon Company, USA, Nominated by Pershing LLC, a BNY Mellon company, USA
Prior to implementing its Task Management solution for onboarding new clients to Pershing LLC, a BNY Mellon company, the Client Transition (conversion) team relied on a highly manual, paper-intensive project planning system to track the conversion process and manage multiple tasks.
This required frequent in-person meetings, e-mails and phone calls among departments. Administration was difficult and time consuming as project plans had to be printed and shared prior to each meeting and updates were restricted to a single team member from each department.
PSCU, United States
Service Request Management
Nominated by OpenText, Canada
PSCU is one of the largest credit union services organizations in the U.S., representing close to 700 credit unions. PSCU implemented OpenText Assure in 90 days, enabling them to realize significant cost savings, improve customer service and satisfaction, and increase efficiencies, The Assure application factory provides out-of-box, industry best practice components to ensure a quick time-to-value and continuous process improvement. PSCU Customer Service Agents use the Assure Work Center to manage requests and resolve issues very quickly. The PSCU customers at the credit unions use the self-service portal to log requests and monitor the status of requests in real-time.
TIAA-CREF, USA
Nominated by IBM, USA
TIAA was the vision of the philanthropist Andrew Carnegie and founded in 1918 (nearly 100 years ago) through his Carnegie Corporation of New York and the Carnegie Foundation with the goal of supporting the financial well-being of college teachers through a pioneering system of annuities and low-cost life insurance. CREF was established in 1952.
UBS Bank, Worldwide
Nominated by Whitestein Technologies
Our submission is based on the successful adoption of Adaptive Case Management by UBS Wealth, a division of UBS Bank. UBS is enhancing their global operations with client-centric collaboration, operational visibility, adaptive process improvement, through the 'PM1' portfolio management suite built with the Living System's Process Suite (LSPS).
LSPS is designed for cases in which adaptive changes to data state are made by a goal-oriented software controller. This ensures that cases evolve in coordination with events and situational change in order to adapt in real-time to a goal-focused execution path.
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← The new recruiting sheriff’s in town, part two
There’s underachieving and then there’s underachieving. →
Playing the lowered expectations game in Knoxville
Give Jeremy Pruitt credit for being proactive about tamping down the excitement for the immediate term. Pruitt said he expects between 75 and 77 scholarship players on the roster this fall. That’s probably death for a run at a division title.
On the plus side, Vol fans, he does has experience dealing with a shortfall in roster numbers.
Filed under Because Nothing Sucks Like A Big Orange
54 responses to “Playing the lowered expectations game in Knoxville”
A shortfall in numbers isn’t good when you play 6 or 7 games on that cow pasture known as Neyland Stadium.
Gurkha Dawg
It is for them. They know where all the holes and loose patches are.
Holes and loose patches are everywhere?
I see this benefiting South Carolina the next few years…
I was thinking Louisville and Auburn.
Off-season workouts and spring practice will weed out the roster like they did when he arrived here.
Not everyone will make the adjustment to his way of coaching, especially on defense. But the ones that stay will be more competitive.
Lazy grad
Someone posted a compilation of UTk football fails https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xzukonrvMrE
dawgdaddy
UGA'97
He is probably gonna just “Grantham” the holes in the roster and platoon with mercinaries via Juco.
A change in subject but along similar lines: does anyone else see the balance of power drastically shifting back to the SEC east over the next decade? Alabama is going to Alabama but who knows what happens when Saban is gone and does anyone see good things on the horizon for LSU, Auburn, Arky, Missy St? TAMU is a perennial 8 win enigma.
Too early to tell, IMO.
UF and UT have a ways to go to recover. Boom will have SC competitive, but that’s about all. The rest of the East doesn’t look that much different from here.
Auburn’s gonna Auburn. LSU will have to dump Orgeron at some point, but there are too many natural resources for that program to flop over the long haul. TAMU is the richest program in the country and Jimbo knows how to recruit. I wouldn’t sleep on the Aggies.
Agree with TAMU and Jimbo moving to the next level. He has all the $ and recruits in state that he needs.
And we play them next year in Sanford Stadium.
I’m looking forward to when we play them in College Station. I doubt I’ll be able to afford the trip, but that place has long been on my bucket list (like, dating back to well before TAMU was in the SEC).
CLT Dawg
That is such a great stadium, with pretty cool tailgate scene. Been a couple times with a Fraternity brother that went to school there. I’d recommend to start saving up now, and don’t miss that one.
Jimbo seems one of those coaches whose successful traits have a built-in shadow side that derails things in weird ways. Sort of like Richt (different particulars, same basic dynamic).
But no question he can soak up Texas recruits that Saban has been stealing as well as add an L to Bama’s playoff resume with enough regularity to matter.
wont be as easy now with UT/Herman. Herman got a one year head start on Jimbo..
TMC DAWG
It’s gonna be interesting to see the ways and means of Jimbo.
My opinion is Tennessee has wins they can harvest this season. Ken, Vandy, and perhaps Mizzou (toughest) in the SEC plus a few cupcakes could see them with 6 wins in Pruitt’s first season. And they can scare the hell out of the rest until 4th qtr. Same next year, but the 3rd year can see them begin to prosper. They will do fine in recruiting next year as this was the worst state loss of talent in years attributed to a really shitty coach/admin who saw their talent gambled away.
GruvenDawg
These are my armchair fan personal opinions. Had a lot to get off my chest on the status of the SEC…
Tennessee hired a top notch strength and conditioning coach, something they were missing under Butch. In addition Jeremy brought in known quantities as coaches, on those two fronts they will be better then they have been. It was the perfect storm for Kirby to have taken it to the next level with the early signing period and transition at the other traditional powerhouse east programs. It will take UT at least three years to even start to get close from a talent perspective. If Tennessee fans and administration can’t envision a five year rebuild with Fulmer meddling and a hothead coach then Pruitt won’t last past that. In the East SC will continue to play and recruit better but won’t be able to consistently win the recruiting battles and will suffer from lack of depth, they will play hard and manage an upset every year. UF hopefully will be out recruited by FSU and UM and keep Mullen from securing the best in the state and top 5 classes. Very soon consistent top 5-10 classes will be table stakes to try and beat UGA based on the current trajectory of the program. Let’s hope Mullen doesn’t get rolling because his system with top 5 talent is dangerous.
In the west Texas A&M is a sleeping giant from a resources perspective and a talent rich state. Lucky for us it coincides with Herman getting UT back near the top in Texas recruits minds. I lived in Texas in the early 90s and kids want to play for UT. OU and to a certain extent A&M was always the backup plan if UT wasn’t doing well for a in state kid. Add in the other Texas schools and Fisher better identify them early and sell the SEC to get the kids. LSU’s Ogeron experiment is going to blow up in their face and they still don’t have a QB and will begin to fall behind A&M soon. The Gus bus is going to find a way to get players, just not top rated prospects here and there from Georgia like they did in the past. Pretty sure Kirby shut him out on his targets this year that UGA was also after. Then there is the king. Bama is Bama, but they are mortal and it is the waning days of that dynasty. They will be elite until 2020 with their current talent. The question I want answered is will Sabah hang it up after one more title…his window is closing on when he will have the most talented roster on the field in the SEC championship game and a national championship game and he knows it.
Not trying to be snarky here, but what do you know about UT’s new S&C guy? What makes him top notch?
No snark taken, I don’t pretend to have any inside knowledge, just a fan. The reviews seem to be positive on him and they certainly paid him like a top notch Strength coach. Take the reviews with a grain of salt if you like since the reporting is from a UT perspective….Truth is Butch cycled guys through their S&C program, just from that it should be viewed as a positive for UT to have some stability at the position. I am speculating based on articles read about him. Sampling below.
https://www.google.com/amp/s/247sports.com/college/tennessee/Article/Tennessee-Vols-football-Jeremy-Pruitt-says-strength-coach-Craig-Fitzgerald-is-home-run-hire-114883640/Amp
https://www.google.com/amp/www.chron.com/sports/texans/amp/Texans-strength-coach-Craig-Fitzgerald-joins-12477516.php
http://m.houstontexans.com/news/article-2/Craig-Fitzgerald-to-lead-strength-and-conditioning/a8e9a0a4-54f1-461e-9eaa-43097d5668cb
What does Pruitt know about S&C? He recommended that idiot Hocke to Richt.
One thing Kirby must do is retain Scott Sinclair. I don’t think there’s any doubt the S&C guys did an excellent job in Athens the last 2 years.
Bonzdoc
It all depends on how much meddling there is by Phat Fulmer
I find it incredible that any head coach would penalize himself by having less than a full 85 player roster. CJP has a lot of work to do.
Thank goodness Kirby put a quick end to that annual farce by landing Maurice Smith, JR Reed, Nizialek, Crumpton and Marvin, and a batch of preferred walk-ons, not to mention 3 excellent recruiting classes. I just don’t see how CJP, or anyone else for that matter, can outwork or outsmart Kirby when it comes to assembling a team.
Agree. Why can’t people just enjoy this alignment off the stars and moon dawg grade it? Mullen and Pruitt have huge holes to dig out of and have to try to do it while we are surging which compounds the gulf between us and them. I don’t believe for one second that either of them is capable of doing it.
I think Pruitt was saying 75 to 77 on scholarship. He’ll fill out with non-scholarship players.
because you don’t want to do a Richt and award 6-7 guys a scholarship that shouldn’t have a scholarship at UGA. You play man-down for a year so you can give those empty slots to guys with more talent.
willypmd
Kirby would have signed 10 grad transfers.
no, again, you don’t realize what Richt was doing. Signing hacks to fill a scholly for 5 years killed Richt. Once you could not sign guys to get to 85, you might as well give a scholly to a senior walkon with a hell of a GPA to boost your apr score or whatever its called. Kirby just doesn’t ever give up on finding a real player to fill the spot.
reading comprehension. We are saying the same thing.
I may be wrong but Jumbo, regardless of resources, is Dan Mullen to me. Fair to middling coach who for some reason gets more credit than he deserves because of anamoly type players that he had in the past. Mullen is thought of as being better than he is because of Tebow and Garvin who were both anamolies who he isn’t likely to have anything close to again. Same with Jumbo and Jaemis.
Exactly. Fisher is nothing without Winston being there.
Reinmart
Effective quarterback play is not an “anomaly” but is a requirement for every coach/team to be very successful.
I may be wrong but Jumbo, regardless of resources, is Dan Mullen to me. Fair to middling coach who for some reason gets more credit than he deserves because of anamoly type players that he had in the past. Mullen is thought of as being better than he is because of Tebow and Harvin who were both anamolies who he isn’t likely to have anything close to again. Same with Jumbo and Jaemis.
Sorry for the double post.
Didn’t we have about 69 or 70 on scholarship in 2012? And won the division with/in spite of Todd Grantham?
Yes but….
Where is their Aaron Murray? Gurley? Multiple NFL players on D?
And the SEC-E at that time I guess had SC at a high water mark, but 2012 SC hardly seems in the same realm as 2018 UGA looks on paper.
True, but I doubt Pruitt has a Murray, Gurley, Ogletree and Jarvis Jones on his roster.
Who is to say he won’t have a Fromme-like player? Performance on the field has yielded many surprises for us and is not out of consideration to think that they can field a scrappy team with surprises as well, while a team with bigger talent may have less players surprising (although this 2018 UGA team is stronger than any others at the top of the 4*s and is probably going to have some big positive surprises).
Having laughed at and enjoyed UT’s ongoing football foibles, I think that posting Pruitt out there without considering his D-background and his ability to lead a team is selling him short without any evidence. Putting Pruitt negatively into our projecting/guessing minds for this upcoming season isn’t reasonable when you look at his recruit HS players’ backgrounds and possibilities of properly motivated returning players. One only needs to conjure up Appl. St/ UM to know what can happen any given CFB weekend. People should think of UT as they would of Boise St; not as good on paper, but can (when properly motivated) kick your ass.
Btw, Pruitt has been defensively responsible for two NCs while on differing teams within 5yrs and that ain’t chopped liver. Come to think of it, some of the most successful teams during that period were led by former D coaches before they became HCs.
well, i agree. But in any case, consider all the ways you just described them (app st/ boise/ spunky) … and then consider we ripped the goal posts down for beating them in 2000. I’ve enjoyed the changes the past 2 decades have brought. And they don’t freak me out. Especially in Sanford Stadium.
I had end zone seating for the game. I sat with my youngest son (7), my best friend and his little girl. We still talk about that game. It was a hoot!!!
Yeah but we had a lot more talent than UTk does
Yes. Coincidentally we had one of the best quarterbacks in school history and one of the best running backs in school history, along with one our best pass rushers of all time on the team at that time. Neither Mullen or Pruitt has any of those advantages right now much less all three.
I’m just hoping we are approaching the territory of we don’t give a damn how good Florida, UT and USCe are, we’ll be better. Same with non conference schedule.
we are there. Look, if you wanna talk superstitious JuJu, i spent the first 18 years of my UGA fandom always waiting for the other shoe to drop. This year, from Miss State onward, I adopted a policy of swagger… and i think the whole program did, and it certainly paid off.
I really do believe in self-fulfilling thought processes in a big way
12-0, ATL…. book it. Only close game might be SCe in week2. Beyond that, we’re gonna lay waste to everybody.
That’s the thing: at one point in Bama’s run Miss State, Auburn, A&M, Ole Miss, and LSU were annually top 5-10 teams and Bama still dominated the west because of recruiting at such an elite level.
If Kirby continues with these type of classes it won’t matter what the East does
Just one more note about UT & Pruitt, many of the Defensive players we just went to the Natty with were Pruitt’s recruits, plus I recall our scoring and pass Defense improved pretty good under CJP (maybe rush D too?)
Also, Fulmer was not the AD who went through 7 coaches, before that hire, so not really sure we can say UT just “settled” on the 8th. Not to mention how many Jimmy Sexton-like agents released their client/coach’s names into the media just to leverage against the UT opening…no one really honestly thought The Mullet and party was really considering uprooting from OSU to come that shit-show in Knoxville. Any HC knew UT was a tough job, and the devoted alumni who still have Fulmer attachment, probably trusted that Phil made about as good a hire he could under the circumstances. Plus it’s always a 2nd bird killed with 1 stone when you yank your toughest competitor’s DC away -which was easy to sell to the UT base. Yes Pruitt has a ton more work to do, but he is relentless and in “your face guy” who will likely get UT competitive enough to keep a few games close, and maybe steal some that he shouldnt.
@Bright Idea, I think we are about here now. But some of our fans are dragging their feet. They seem to almost want Tennessee and Florida to be better than they actually are.
OhioDawg
75-77 scholarship players, huh? Is that before or after he runs off half the secondary?
@Dawgs247 @KippLAdams @Mansell247 @Rowe247 I know it's a typo, but "Todd Monkey" sounds like something a Tech fan would come up with. 😉 published 1 day ago
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Volume 19 Supplement 6
Selected articles from the IEEE BIBM International Conference on Bioinformatics & Biomedicine (BIBM) 2018: medical informatics and decision making
MultiSourcDSim: an integrated approach for exploring disease similarity
Lei Deng1,
Danyi Ye1,
Junmin Zhao2 &
Jingpu Zhang2
BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making volume 19, Article number: 269 (2019) Cite this article
A collection of disease-associated data contributes to study the association between diseases. Discovering closely related diseases plays a crucial role in revealing their common pathogenic mechanisms. This might further imply treatment that can be appropriated from one disease to another. During the past decades, a number of approaches for calculating disease similarity have been developed. However, most of them are designed to take advantage of single or few data sources, which results in their low accuracy.
In this paper, we propose a novel method, called MultiSourcDSim, to calculate disease similarity by integrating multiple data sources, namely, gene-disease associations, GO biological process-disease associations and symptom-disease associations. Firstly, we establish three disease similarity networks according to the three disease-related data sources respectively. Secondly, the representation of each node is obtained by integrating the three small disease similarity networks. In the end, the learned representations are applied to calculate the similarity between diseases.
Our approach shows the best performance compared to the other three popular methods. Besides, the similarity network built by MultiSourcDSim suggests that our method can also uncover the latent relationships between diseases.
MultiSourcDSim is an efficient approach to predict similarity between diseases.
Quantitative measurement of disease similarity is gaining more and more attentions because it helps to reveal common psychophysiology and improve clinical decision-making systems, so as to better understand human diseases status and more accurately classify diseases [1]. It also plays a crucial role in identifying novel drug indications [2], since diseases may have the same or similar therapeutic targets, suggesting that they may be treated with the same or similar drugs [3–6]. In the past few decades, our understanding of human diseases has made remarkable progress [7]. For example, the network-based approaches [8–11] to calculating the similarity between diseases is impressive. Constructing a disease similarity network based on biological data to explore the relationship between diseases has become one of the research hotspots of modern biology and medicine. At present, the measurement of similarity disease research is necessary.
In previous studies, various properties of human genes (such as predicted function or amino-acid sequence length) and Gene Ontology (GO) [12–14] biological processes have been correlated with the chance of causing a disease [15–17]. The calculation approaches of disease similarity can be roughly divided into function-based methods [18, 19] and semantic-based methods [20]. The functional-based approach calculates similarities between diseases by comparing genes associated with diseases [18, 19]. For instance, the BOG [18] method, which was designed by Mathur and Dinakarpandian, calculates the similarity between diseases by comparing gene overlaps of related diseases. Moreover, BOG [18] also considers the self-information of each disease. However, its shortcoming is that it does not consider the functional link between disease-related genes. Further, Mathur and Dinakarpandian proposed a method based on process similarity (PSB [19]). The method provides functions to measure similarity, including the similarity function based on GO terms [12], and the similarity function between entities annotated with terms extracted from the ontology based on both co-occurrence and information content. The semantic-based method is extensively used in biomedical and bioinformatics. For instance, Resnik’s method [21] calculates the similarity between diseases according to the information content of the most informative common ancestor. Lin’s method [22] incorporates not only the information content of the most informative common ancestor but also the the information content of the two disease terms. Jiang and Conrath et al. [23] represented the similarity between two terms through the semantic distance.
In addition, phenotype similarity plays an important part in a lot of biological similarity and biomedical applications, and it is also the most common way of classifying diseases [24]. For example, the Human phenotype ontology (HPO) is a controlled and standardized vocabulary that describes the abnormal phenotype of human disease. And Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) [25] use this approach to classify diseases.
Although there are many patterns for measuring similarity between diseases, most of them use a single biological data source, and few methods using multiple biological data sources are proposed. For example, some of the previous approaches calculate the similarity according to genes related with diseases. Nevertheless, there exist some diseases which are unrelated or rarely related to genes. Thus, depending solely on individual biological data associated with disease might greatly affects the prediction performance of the methods. In this work, a novel approach named MultiSourcDSim is proposed to compute the similarity between diseases by integrating multiple biological datasets. In MultiSourcDSim, firstly, three disease similarity networks are respectively built by using a variety of biological data such as gene-disease associations, GO biological process-disease associations and symptom-disease associations. Secondly, the high-dimensional vector of each node is extracted by running restart random walks [26] on each network, and low-dimensional vectors that can represent the high-dimensional topological patterns in each network are learned. Finally, the similarity between diseases is obtained by calculating the cosine score between two low-dimensional vectors. The experiments demonstrate that disease similarity predicted by our method is significantly correlated with disease category of MeSH, implying that the network constructed by our method is capable of detecting the latent relationships between diseases. Moreover, the results also show that MultiSourcDSim outperform the other three popular methods.
CTD’s MEDIC disease vocabulary which is downloaded in http://ctdbase.org (March 4, 2018) is chosen as criterion for describing diseases. CTD’s MEDIC disease vocabulary is a modified subset of descriptors from the Diseases [C] branch of the U.S. National Library of Medicine’s MeSH, combined with genetic disorders from the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database, and we use MeSH to mark disease terms. Each record in CTD’s MEDIC disease vocabulary contains 9 fields, 4 of which are retained for calculating disease similarity. They are respectively DiseaseID, DiseaseName, AltDiseaseIDs (alternative identifiers) and ParentIDs (identifiers of the parent terms).
We have collected three data sets associated with disease, namely gene-disease associations, GO biological process-disease associations, and symptom-disease associations. In the three sets, a great deal of biological information bound up with diseases is included. For instance, each record in the gene-disease associations contains 9 fields (GeneSymbol, GeneID, DiseaseName, DiseaseID, DirectEvidence, InferenceChemicalName, InferenceScore, OmimIDs, PubMedIDs). In the three data sets, 3,125,954 gene-disease associations containing 3254 disease terms and 668,760 GO biological process-disease associations containing 5720 disease terms are pooled from http://ctdbase.org(March 4, 2018), and each record in the two data sets is identified by MeSH markers. The gene terms and the gene ontology biological process terms are labeled with the NCBI gene identifiers and GO identifiers, respectively. The 80,638 symptom-disease associations are collected from paper [27], which describes 4040 diseases. However, the diseases in the symptom-disease associations are marked by the MeSH names. To obtain the Mesh identifiers corresponding to the names, we map the disease names in the symptom-disease associations to the IDs in the CTD’s MEDIC disease vocabulary. After screening for the co-occurring diseases term in all associations, 8126 diseases are extracted.
Overview of MultiSourcDSim
In our method, we combine three disease-related data sets to calculate the similarity between diseases more accurately. Specifically, we firstly construct three disease similarity networks through computing the similarity respectively according to the gene-disease associations, GO biological process-disease associations, and symptom-disease associations. Secondly, the compact low-dimensional feature representations of diseases from the three similarity networks are learned by running Diffusion Component Analysis (DCA) [28–30]. Finally, the disease similarity is calculated according to the learned representations.
Calculate semantic similarity of diseases
MeSH is a vocabulary that gives uniformity and consistency to the indexing and cataloging of biomedical literature. It is organized in a manner of tree structures with 16 main branches. Category C represents diseases. In our approach, the semantic similarity of diseases is measured by using the special structure between MeSH descriptor [25]. We build a directed acyclic graph (DAG) to clarify the associations among various diseases. The nodes in the DAG represent the MeSH descriptor. Child nodes are more specialized (containing more disease information) and parent nodes are more generalized (containing less disease information). In addition to the relationships of the disease itself, we also combine the relationships between disease and other biological entity, namely gene, GO and symptom. The probability of a disease occurs in a disease-related data set is just its frequency in the data set. The frequency of a disease term t is calculated as:
$$ f(t)=self(t)+\sum_{tc\in children(t)}f(tc). $$
Here, self(t) represents the number of occurrences of the disease term t in a single data set, and the disease term tc is a direct child of the disease item t, belonging to the children(t) collection. In other words, the frequency of the disease term t in a single disease-related data set is defined as the frequency of its own occurrence plus the frequency of occurrence of all its child nodes. The probability that the disease term t appears in the disease-related data set is as follows:
$$ prob(t)=\frac{f(t)}{N}. $$
Here, N indicates the frequency of occurrence of the root node in the corresponding DAG.
Then, the similarity scores are computed according to the probabilities of diseases based on the metric proposed by Lin et al. [22]. In Lin’s method, the similarity is measured in terms of information theory. It is believed that the similarity between terms is determined by their generality (information content of common ancestor nodes) and particularity (their respective information content). Therefore, the semantic similarity depends on the maximum ratio of the information content of the common ancestor nodes of the two terms to the sum of the information content of the two terms themselves. Generally, the higher the degree of information sharing between two terms, the higher the semantic similarity score, and on the contrary, the lower the similarity score. This definition is as follows:
$$ {\begin{aligned} Score(t1,t2)=\max_{t\in\left(LCA(t1,t2)\right)}\left(\frac{2 * \log prob(t)}{\log prob(t1)+ \log prob(t2)}\right). \end{aligned}} $$
Here, LCA(t1,t2) is the set of least common ancestors of term t1 and t2. The similarity scores fall in the range [0, 1].
Integrate multiple networks and learn representations
We construct three disease similarity networks according to the similarity scores. To achieve the compact integration of multiple similarity network, we adopt DCA strategy to capture low-dimensional vectors representing topological patterns of networks. In DCA, the random walk with restart (RWR) method [26] is firstly employed to analyze the structure of each network.
The RWR from a node i is defined as:
$$ s_{i}^{t+1}=(1-a)s_{i}^{t}T+ae_{i}. $$
Here, T denotes the probability transfer matrix. \(s_{i}^{t}\) is specified as an n-dimensional vector, where each entry is the probability of visiting a node at t iterations from the initial node i. ei is the initial probability vector, where ei(i)=1 and ei(j)=0, ∀j≠i. a is the restart probability. After several iterations, a stable distribution is obtained, and si is regard as the ’diffusion state’ of the node i.
There exists noise in the diffusion states obtained in this manner, and the dimensionality is high. To solve this problem, we utilize fewer dimensions to approximate each diffusion state si through a polynomial logistic model based on the potential vector representation of nodes in a network. Specifically, the probability assigned to node j in the diffusion state of node i is as follows:
$$ \hat{s}_{ij}=\frac{exp{\left\{x_{i}^{T}w_{j}\right\}}}{\sum_{j'}exp{\left\{x_{i}^{T}w_{j}'\right\}}}, $$
where ∀i,xi,wj∈Rd for d≪n. xi and wj represent the node feature and context feature of node i respectively.
The goal is to find the low-dimensional vector representation of nodes w and x that best approximates a set of observed diffusion states s={s1,…,sn} according to the logistic model. To achieve the goal, KL-divergence is used as the objective function to optimize, which is given by:
$$ \mathop {\min }\limits_{w,x} C(s,\hat s) = \frac{1}{n}{\sum\nolimits}_{i = 1}^{n} {{D_{KL}}} \left({s_{i}}||{\hat s_{i}}\right), $$
where n is the number of nodes. By writing out the definition of KL-divergence, the formula is written as:
$$ {\begin{aligned} \begin{array}{l} C\left(s,\hat s\right) =\\ \frac{1}{n}{\sum\nolimits}_{i = 1}^{n} { \left[ - H({s_{i}}) - \sum\limits_{j = 1}^{n} {{s_{ij}}} \left(x_{i}^{T}{w_{j}} - \log \left(\sum\limits_{j' = 1}^{n} {\exp \left\{ x_{i}^{T}{w_{j'}}\right\}}\right)\right)\right]}, \end{array} \end{aligned}} $$
where H(·) denotes the entropy. In order to combine the three disease similarity networks, the formula (6) is modified as follows:
$$ \mathop {\min }\limits_{w,x} C(s,\hat s) = \frac{1}{n}{\sum\nolimits}_{m = 1}^{M} {{\sum\nolimits}_{i = 1}^{n} {{D_{KL}}} \left(s_{i}^{m}||\hat s_{i}^{m}\right)}. $$
Here, M represents the number of networks. In this work, M is equal to 3. To minimize the objective function, we compute the gradients with regard to the parameters w and x. The low-dimensional vector representations are obtained by the quasi-Newton L-BFGS method with these gradients.
To improve efficiency, we can employ singular value decomposition (SVD) to optimize the alternative objective function [31].
Calculate the similarity between diseases
After extracting the low-dimensional representations for all nodes which can best explain the connectivity patterns in the networks, we utilize the learned representations as features for calculating the disease similarity. In this study, the number of nodes in the three networks, namely the total number of diseases is 8126, and the dimension of these features is set to 600. The similarity between diseases is measured through cosine score, which is as follows:
$$ cosine(d_{x},d_{y})=\frac{\sum_{i}d_{x,i}d_{y,i}}{\sqrt{\sum_{i}d_{x,i}^{2}d_{y,i}^{2}}}. $$
Here, dx and dy are two vectors which represent two disease respectively. Obviously, the similarity is between 0 and 1.
The degree distribution of disease similarity networks
We adopt gene-disease associations, GO biological process-disease associations and symptom-disease associations as the sources of disease similarity network, and construct the small similarity networks based on the Lin’s measure separately. In order to better understand the topology of these networks, we calculate the degree distribution of nodes in the network. Figures 1, 2 and 3 elucidates the degree distribution of disease node in three small disease similarity networks.
Degree distribution of disease node in the small similarity network built based on disease-gene association dataset
Degree distribution of disease node in the small similarity network constructed based on GO biological process-disease association dataset
Degree distribution of disease node in the small similarity network constructed based on disease-symptom association dataset
In the disease similarity network based on gene-disease association dataset (GDN), there exist 3254 diseases and 32733 connections. Marfan Syndrome (MeSH: D008382), which is the relation with 178 diseases, has the maximum degree. There are 225 diseases with degree 1 (Fig. 1). 5720 diseases and 249490 relationships make up the disease similarity network based on GO biological process-disease association dataset (BPDN). The disease with the maximum degree is Martin-Probst Deafness-Mental Retardation Syndrome (MeSH: C564495), the degree is 1024. As shown in Fig. 2, nearly half of the disease nodes have margins with about 100 other disease nodes. And similarity values of all disease pairs are computed in the disease similarity network based on symptom-disease association dataset (SDN), and the distribution of 48279 similarity values (between 4040 diseases) is acquired. Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome (MeSH: D009800) associated with 256 diseases has the maximum degree (Fig. 3). From the above calculation we can draw a conclusion that the density of GDN is the largest compared to BPDN and SDN.
After obtaining the integrated disease similarity network (GPSN), the distribution of these similarity scores are also counted. The distribution is represented in Fig. 4, the similarity scores for most disease pairs across the network ranges from 0 to 0.6. The number of disease pairs in the 0.2-0.3 similarity bin is the highest, followed by the 0.3-0.4 bin.
Histogram of similarity scores between 8126 disease nodes. Most disease-disease pairs have a low similarity score
The benchmark set which is adopted in this experiment contains 40 pairs of highly similar diseases. It is derived from the work of Suthram et al. [1] and Pakhomov et al. [32], and cancers are deleted. The benchmark set consists of pairs of diseases that are confirmed to be interrelated, such as Polycystic Ovary Syndrome(MeSH: D011085) and Obesity(MeSH: D009765), Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease(MeSH: D029424) and Asthma (MeSH: D001249). It also contains some diseases pairs which have no apparent correlations, but have proved to be correlated through various evidences, such as Obesity and Asthma, Malaria (MeSH: D008288) and Anemia (MeSH: D000740). Moreover, we randomly choose 500 disease pairs from the similarity network as a random set, where the disease pairs in the benchmark set are deleted.
Parameter selection
There are two parameters (α and d) to be tuned in MultiSourcDSim. The parameter α is the restart probability. According to previous practical experience [33], it is set to 0.5. The parameter d denotes the feature dimension of each node. We compare the performance for different numbers of dimensions based on the benchmark set. We calculate the values of AUC when d is increasing from 500 to 800 with step size 100. As shown in Fig. 5, the results show that the performance of MultiSourcDSim is stable over a wide range of values for the number of dimensions, implying that our method is robust to over-fitting. On the whole, the AUC comes to the max value when d equals 600. Hence, d is set to 600 in this paper.
Comparision for different numbers of dimensions
Performances assessment
To evaluate the disease similarity results calculated by MultiSourcDSim, we make a comparison on the disease classification of MeSH. MeSH is an authoritative medical thesaurus and the basis for biomedical indexing. MeSH divides the disease (C) sections into 26 categories according to the tree code (excluding some ambiguous categories). To discuss whether GPSN is related to the MeSH disease category, we examine the difference between the similarity scores of disease pairs belonging to the same MeSH category and the similarity scores of disease pairs of different MeSH categories. As demonstrated in Fig. 6, the average similarity scores for disease pairs from the same MeSH are significantly higher than those from different MeSH categories. In conclusion, the experiment demonstrates that the similarity scores of disease pairs are closely relevant to MeSH disease category.
Evaluation of MultiSourcDSim against MeSH classification
Moreover, in order to verify that the performance of the network integrating the three data sets is better than that of the network formed by the single data set, we compare GDN, BPDN, SDN and GPSN based on the banchmark set and random set. AS shown in Fig. 7, MultiSourcDSim achieves the best AUC of 0.906, and the AUC values of GDN, BPDN and SDN are 0.771, 0.774 and 0.797, respectively. This result indicates that compared to individual networks without integration, MultiSourcDSim has a more stable and stronger power for discovering disease-disease associations. The performance improvement is partially attributed to the fact that synthetical analyzing the structure of the the multiple networks can uncover fine-grained topological patterns. Another important factor is the compactness of the feature representations, which help capture the relevant topological patterns apart from noise in the data.
Integrating Multiple Networks Outperforms Individual Networks
The performance of MultiSourcDSim is further evaluated by comparing it with other three recent approaches: the text-based approach, namely MimMiner [34], an integrated semantic and functional approach, called MedNetSim [35], and the web-based approach, HSDN [27].
To fairly compare the performance of these methods, we select widely used metrics, such as accuracy (ACC), the area under the ROC curve (AUC), F1-score (F1), the Matthew’s correlation coefficient (MCC), precision (PRE), sensitivity (SEN/Recall) and specificity (SPE). Based on the four approaches, we compute the the similarity scores of disease pairs in the benchmark set and the random set, and sort them in descending order, respectively. Moreover, we look on the disease pairs in the benchmark set and the random set as positive and negative samples, respectively. The disease pairs correctly predicted in the benchmark set are considered to be true positive samples, and the disease pairs in the random set which are predicted to be highly correlated are thought of as false positive samples. The results of the evaluation are shown in Table 1, where the AUC value of the HSDN method is the minimum, which is 0.818. The MimMiner method applies text mining to disease classification and improves performance, resulting in an AUC of 0.836. The MedNetSim method takes the entire protein interactions and the biomedical literature corpus into consideration, increasing its AUC to 0.854. Our approach integrates multiple disease-related data sets and further improves the performance with an AUC value of 0.905, which is the best in the four methods. In addition, our method also achieves the highest values for ACC, F1, MCC, PRE, and SEN, which are 0.815, 0.684, 0.273, 0.601, and 0.750, separately.
Table 1 Prediction performance of MultiSourcDsim in comparison with other three methods on the benchmark set and random set
The results in Table 1 demonstrate that calculating disease similarity by integrating multiple disease-related data sources is an effective method. In order to test the stability of our method, we randomly select 100 disease pairs and compute their similarity scores. The calculations are repeated 100 times and the average AUC of the four methods are depicted in Fig. 8. The average values are respectively 0.819 (HSDN), 0.835 (MimMiner), 0.855 (MedNetSim) and 0.906 (MultiSourcDsim), which are consistent with the AUC column in Table 1. We further compare the ranking of disease pairs derived from the benchmark set. As shown in Fig. 9, The number of the solution disease pairs which are found by MultiSourcDsim always are the largest in the top 220 disease pairs.
Average of AUC for 100 permutations
The number of disease-pairs with varying the number of top-ranking disease pairs
In addition, by using the lowest ranked disease pairs in 540 disease pairs (500 random disease pairs and 40 benchmark pairs), MultiSourcDSim can find all 40 benchmark pairs, which represents quite good performance. For example, Obesity (MeSH: D009765) and Asthma (MeSH: D001249) are disease pairs belonging to the benchmark set, which ranks last in our approach. As shown in Table 2, the average ranking of Obesity and Asthma is very low among all the four methods. Nevertheless, compared to the other three methods, our approach has increased the ranking of Obesity and Asthma by 9%-14%.
Table 2 The average ranking of the disease pair (Obesity and Asthma) in 540 disease pairs
Integrated disease similarity network
We construct a disease similarity network by using the top-ranking 0.3% of the similarity values in 8126 diseases. As shown in Fig. 10, there are 2604 diseases in the network and they are connected to each other by 121787 edges. The maximum connected component consists of 283 nodes. Martin-Probst Deafness-Mental Retardation Syndrome (MeSH: C564495), which is connected to 511 diseases, has the maximum degree. In Fig. 10, nodes in the network represent diseases, and the nodes are colored different colors. Each color is corresponding to a different MeSH category, such as Virus Diseases (MeSH: C02), Digestive System Diseases (MeSH: C06), Eye Diseases (MeSH: C11), Immune System Diseases (MeSH: C20) and so on. For each classification, diseases in the same MeSH category are usually similar to each other, such as disease of Musculoskeletal Diseases (MeSH: C05) category, disease of Nervous System Diseases (MeSH: C10) category, and so on. Figure 11 also shows the feature that diseases within one class are more probable to gather in the same neighbourhood with each other. For instance, 5 diseases belonging to the Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases classification constitute a small component. As shown in the Fig. 11a, all of these 5 diseases are deafness. Six diseases generate another connected component (Fig. 11b), five of which are Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases and the other is Stomatognathic Diseases. These demonstrations further indicate that the similarity scores of disease pairs belonging to the same category in the results computed by MultiSourcDSim are greater than those between belonging to different categories.
An overview of disease similarity network (GPSN) based on our method results. Nodes were coloured according to the MeSH category to which they belong
Three connected components from the disease similarity network constructed by our method
Besides identifying relationships between diseases belonging to the same disease classification, our approach can also find the associations beween diseases belonging to different classifications. For instance, as shown in Fig. 11c, three Musculoskeletal Diseases are linked to two Immune System Diseases by our method. Among the three Musculoskeletal Diseases, it has been reported that people with Lymphopenia might have immune system diseases.
Discussion and conclusion
Determining the correlation between diseases helps to deepen understanding of the potential mechanisms among diseases. There are many studies about the association between diseases, such as predicting disease-related genes [36–38] and new drug indications [2]. In addition, a huge challenge for researchers in modern biology [39, 40] is how to get more information about the disease. In the past few decades, many researchers have proposed a number of methods to predict the similarity between diseases (for example, build a network of disease similarity) based on biological data and make a great progress. However, these methods use only a single biological data and do not consider combining multiple biological data as a basis for predicting disease similarity.
In this paper, we propose a novel method, MultiSourcDSim, to predict similarity between diseases, which builds a disease similarity network based on multi-faceted biological data related to disease. According to the similarity scores computed by our method, we can conclude that the similarity scores of disease pairs belonging to the same MeSH classification are significantly higher than those of disease pairs belonging to different MeSH classifications. And, comparing the performance of the MultiSourcDSim method with the other three methods (MimMiner [34], MedNetSim [35] and HSDN [27]) under the same benchmark set, we have found that our method is superior. Furthermore, the disease similarity network constructed by our method can also uncover latent relationships between diseases.
Although multiple disease-related data sources are integrated to compute similarities between diseases, there may be some bias due to incomplete data. In addition to considering the integration of multiple biological data, we also need to take into account the modular nature of each disease in further study of the similarities between diseases, since the modularity of each disease module can give more information [41–43]. Moreover, disease networks have proven useful for predicting novel therapeutic applications of known compounds [44] and inferring novel disease genes [45].
The datasets used in this study is available at http://ctdbase.org.
ACC:
AUC:
The area under the ROC curve
BPDN:
GO biological process-disease association network
The comparative toxicogenomics database
Directed acyclic graph
DCA:
Diffusion component analysis
F1:
F1 score
GDN:
Gene-disease association network
GPSN:
The integrated disease similarity network
HPO:
Human phenotype ontology
MCC:
The Matthew’s correlation coefficient
Online mendelian inheritance in man
RWR:
Random walk with restart
Symptom-disease association network
SPE:
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This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under grants No. 61972422, No. 61672541 and No. 61672113.
About this supplement
This article has been published as part of BMC Medical informatics and Decision Making Volume 19 Supplement 6, 2019: Selected articles from the IEEE BIBM International Conference on Bioinformatics & Biomedicine (BIBM) 2018: medical informatics and decision making. The full contents of the supplement are available online at https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/articles/supplements/volume-19-supplement-6.
Publication costs are funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant No. 61672541.
School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410075, China
Lei Deng
& Danyi Ye
School of Computer and Data Science, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467000, China
Junmin Zhao
& Jingpu Zhang
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LD, DY, JZ and JP designed the study and conducted experiments. LD and DY performed statistical analyses. LD, DY and JP drafted the manuscript. DY prepared the experimental materials and benchmarks. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Correspondence to Jingpu Zhang.
Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver(http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
Deng, L., Ye, D., Zhao, J. et al. MultiSourcDSim: an integrated approach for exploring disease similarity. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 19, 269 (2019) doi:10.1186/s12911-019-0968-8
Disease similarity network
Integrating multiple data sources
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Ravi Venkat Bellamkonda
Professor in the Department of Biomedical Engineering
Ravi Bellamkonda is the Vinik Dean of the Pratt School of Engineering at Duke University. Prior to becoming dean, Bellamkonda served as the Wallace H. Coulter Professor and chair of the Department of Biomedical Engineering at Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University. He is committed to fostering transformative research and pedagogical innovation as well as programs that create an entrepreneurial mindset amongst faculty and students.
A trained bioengineer and neuroscientist, Bellamkonda holds an undergraduate degree in biomedical engineering. His graduate training at Brown University was in biomaterials and medical science (with Patrick Aebischer), and his post-doctoral training at Massachusetts Institute of Technology focused on the molecular mechanisms of axon guidance and neural development (with Jerry Schneider and Sonal Jhaveri). His current research explores the interplay of biomaterials and the nervous system for neural interfaces, nerve repair and brain tumor therapy.
From 2014 to 2016, Bellamkonda served as president of the American Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering (AIMBE), the leading policy and advocacy organization for biomedical engineers with representation from industry, academia and government. Bellamkonda’s numerous awards include the Clemson Award for Applied Research from the Society for Biomaterials, EUREKA award from National Cancer Institute (National Institutes of Health), CAREER award from the National Science Foundation and Best Professor Award from the Georgia Tech Biomedical Engineering student body.
Appointments and Affiliations
Vinik Dean of Engineering
Email Address: ravi@duke.edu
Bellamkonda Lab Website
Ph.D. Brown University, 1994
Engineered devices for brain tumor therapy; immunomodulation for peripheral and central nervous system repair; biomaterials; brain-machine interfaces.
BME 493: Projects in Biomedical Engineering (GE)
BME 791: Graduate Independent Study
BME 792: Continuation of Graduate Independent Study
EGR 393: Research Projects in Engineering
NEUROSCI 496: Research Independent Study 4
Seven From Duke Named Fellows of American Association for the Advancement of Science (Nov 26, 2019)
An Immigrant's Story: How Three Decades in the U.S. Shaped Ravi Bellamkonda (Aug 23, 2019)
Brain Tumor 'Pied Piper' Device Earns Breakthrough Status (Feb 6, 2019 | Pratt School of Engineering)
Duke Launches Marcus Center for Cellular Cures to Tackle Autism, MS, Stroke (May 9, 2018 | Duke School of Medicine)
The Workplace of the Future (Aug 30, 2017)
Duke Engineering Dean Discusses Confronting and Overcoming Biases (Mar 21, 2017)
Engineering Dean on Immigration Policy and Attracting the Best Minds (Mar 20, 2017)
Tumor-Seeking Salmonella Treats Brain Tumors (Jan 11, 2017)
Falcone, JD; Sohal, HS; Kyriakides, TR; Bellamkonda, RV, The impact of modulating the blood-brain barrier on the electrophysiological and histological outcomes of intracortical electrodes., Journal of Neural Engineering, vol 16 no. 4 (2019) [10.1088/1741-2552/ab1ef9] [abs].
Lyon, JG; Carroll, SL; Mokarram, N; Bellamkonda, RV, Electrotaxis of Glioblastoma and Medulloblastoma Spheroidal Aggregates., Scientific Reports, vol 9 no. 1 (2019) [10.1038/s41598-019-41505-6] [abs].
Saxena, T; Lyon, JG; Pai, SB; Pare, D; Amero, J; Karumbaiah, L; Carroll, SL; Gaupp, E; Bellamkonda, RV, Engineering Controlled Peritumoral Inflammation to Constrain Brain Tumor Growth., Advanced Healthcare Materials, vol 8 no. 4 (2019) [10.1002/adhm.201801076] [abs].
Krucoff, MO; Miller, JP; Saxena, T; Bellamkonda, R; Rahimpour, S; Harward, SC; Lad, SP; Turner, DA, Toward Functional Restoration of the Central Nervous System: A Review of Translational Neuroscience Principles., Neurosurgery, vol 84 no. 1 (2019), pp. 30-40 [10.1093/neuros/nyy128] [abs].
Loomis, KH; Lindsay, KE; Zurla, C; Bhosle, SM; Vanover, DA; Blanchard, EL; Kirschman, JL; Bellamkonda, RV; Santangelo, PJ, In Vitro Transcribed mRNA Vaccines with Programmable Stimulation of Innate Immunity., Bioconjugate Chemistry, vol 29 no. 9 (2018), pp. 3072-3083 [10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00443] [abs].
News from Duke BME
Machine Learning Shapes Microwaves for a Computer’s Eyes
Duke Researchers Garner Over $6 Million in NIH Funding to Fight Genetic Diseases
Bone Bandage Soaks Up Pro-Healing Biochemical To Accelerate Repair
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Tag: game theory
👓 Taking Sidwell Friends to the Supreme Court is about more than rich people problems | CNN
Read Taking Sidwell Friends to the Supreme Court is about more than rich people problems by David Perry (CNN)
A student can get a spectacular education at a wide variety of institutions, not just elite institutions. We are poorer as a nation when we spread myths that say otherwise, writes David Perry
Format LinkPosted on June 16, 2019 June 17, 2019
Author Chris AldrichCategories Economics, Education, Read, Social StreamTags admissions, game theory, Generous ThinkingLeave a comment on 👓 Taking Sidwell Friends to the Supreme Court is about more than rich people problems | CNN
Watched Generous Thinking: Sustainability, Solidarity, and the Common Good by
Kathleen Fitzpatrick, Director of Digital Humanities Professor of English Michigan State University from Coalition for Networked Information | Vimeo
Generous Thinking: Sustainability, Solidarity, and the Common Good from CNI Vimeo Video Channel on Vimeo.
See cni.org/events/membership-meetings/past-meetings/spring-2019/plenary-sessions-s19#opening for more information.
Coalition for Networked Information (CNI)
Spring 2019 Membership Meeting
cni.org/mm/spring-2019/
Joseph explores the extent to which discourses about community suggest an antidote to or escape from capitalism’s depredations, while distracting us from the supplementary role that community actually serves with respect to capital, filling its gaps and smoothing over its rifts in ways that permit it to function untrammeled. The alternative presented by community allows the specter of socialism, or genuine state support for the needs of the public, to be dismissed. This relationship becomes particularly clear in Joseph’s discussion of the role of non-profit organizations — entities highly likely to participate in and benefit from the idealized discourse of community — which often fill needs left behind by a retreating state, allowing that retreat to go unchallenged.
— Kathleen Fitzpatrick in Community, Privatization, Efficiency
Also cross reference: Strategy and Solidarity
From the video at timecode [22:05]:
…raises the key question of what it is we mean when we talk about community?
As Miranda Joseph argues in Against the Romance of Community, the concept is often invoked as a place holder for something that exists outside the dominant economic and institutional structures of contemporary life. A set of estensibly organic felt relationships that harken back to a mythical pre-modern moment in which people lived and worked in direct connection with one another without the mediating forces of capitalism.
Now community is in this sense, in Benedict Anderson’s sense, an imagined relationship, and even an imaginary one. As its invocation is designed to yoke together bodies whose existence as a group is largely constructed. It’s a concept often used both idealistically and as a form of discipline.
A claim of unity that smoothes over and thus suppresses internal difference and disagreement. And as Joseph points out, the notion of community is often deployed as if the relationships that it describes could provide an antidote to or an escape from the problems created by contemporary political and economic life.
But this suggestion, serves to distract us, she says, from the supplementary role that community, in fact, actually serves with respect to capitalism. Sort of filling its gaps and smoothing over its flaws in ways that permit it to function without real opposition. So we call upon the community to support projects that the dominant institutions of the mainstream economy will not. And this is how we end up with social network-based fundraising campaigns to support people facing major health crises rather than demanding universal health care, and elementary school bake sales rather than full funding for education.
So community becomes, in this sense, an alibi for the creeping privatization of what should be social responsibilities.
Some interesting thought here with respect to economics, community, the commons, and education. While a large piece of the talk is about higher education, there are definitely some things that can be learned and used with respect to social media, and particularly the IndieWeb movement. I’d recommend everyone take a peek at it and think about how we can better deploy and give credit to some of our shared resources.
Format VideoPosted on June 10, 2019 June 10, 2019
Author Chris AldrichCategories Economics, Education, Reply, Social Stream, WatchTags crowdfunding, game theory, Generous Thinking, health care, IndieWeb, Kathleen Fitzpatrick, the commons, tragedy of the commonsLeave a comment on
👓 The cheater in the Oval Office should be banished from the tribe | LA Times
Read The cheater in the Oval Office should be banished from the tribe by Virginia Heffernan (LA Times)
Think Trump didn't know he was getting a shady assist at the ballot box. Read the Mueller report.
Author Chris AldrichCategories Read, Social StreamTags cheating, Donald J. Trump, game theory, society, sociologyLeave a comment on 👓 The cheater in the Oval Office should be banished from the tribe | LA Times
👓 The Man Who Broke Politics | The Atlantic
Read The Man Who Broke Politics (The Atlantic)
Newt Gingrich turned partisan battles into bloodsport, wrecked Congress, and paved the way for Trump's rise. Now he's reveling in his achievements.
An interesting look back at the history, and it seems a bit surprising to me because Gingrich has always seemed so calm, reasonable and staid in his television appearances. Apparently he wasn’t quite so behind the scenes.
What I find false in some of his assumptions however is that while his idea about killing or being killed from an evolutionary standpoint is broadly true, humans have been able to do so much more by possessing logic and civility than the base “animals” he apparently idolizes. His premise has brought down our democratic structures and is causing us to devolve backwards instead of forwards–both within the larger animalistic structure he proposes as well as among our fellow people of the world. While Americans are infighting among ourselves, we’re losing ground to other countries who are rapidly catching up to us.
Somehow I feel like Gingrich is missing a chunk of modern history and the value of a Western liberal democracy, by which I’m talking about the philosophical version of liberal, and not his version of liberal meaning Democrat or “enemy.”
While he may think the Republicans are “winning” presently, what is generally happening is that a larger rift is opening up within the democracy and the two sides which really aren’t very apart are moving even further apart, particularly in their fighting. As a result, we’re spending far more time and energy fighting each other rather than competing against countries externally. From a game theoretic perspective each side fights harder in opposite directions, but the equilibrium point doesn’t really move very much for all the extra effort. Meanwhile, we’re exhausting our resources (and general happiness) which we could be employing to better ourselves, and particularly with respect to all the external factors (foreign powers, climate change, etc.) we should be working against.
He can continue to look at things from the Nixonian “man in the arena” perspective of his youth, but I would submit he should be looking at it from the wider “person in the world” perspective we’re all operating in in this millennia.
Format LinkPosted on October 15, 2018 October 17, 2018
Author Chris AldrichCategories Read, Social StreamTags culture, evolution, game theory, Newt Gingrich, politics, Reading.amLeave a comment on 👓 The Man Who Broke Politics | The Atlantic
🔖 A Brief Introduction to the Basics of Game Theory by Matthew O. Jackson | SSRN
Bookmarked A Brief Introduction to the Basics of Game Theory by Matthew O. Jackson (SSRN)
I provide a (very) brief introduction to game theory. I have developed these notes to provide quick access to some of the basics of game theory; mainly as an aid for students in courses in which I assumed familiarity with game theory but did not require it as a prerequisite.
WordPress icon
Format LinkPosted on September 19, 2018 September 21, 2018
Author Chris AldrichCategories Bookmark, Economics, Mathematics, Social StreamTags game theoryLeave a comment on 🔖 A Brief Introduction to the Basics of Game Theory by Matthew O. Jackson | SSRN
🔖 Equilibrium points in n-person games by John Nash | PNAS
Bookmarked Equilibrium points in n-person games by John F. Nash Jr. (PNAS 36 (1) 48-49; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.36.1.48)
One may define a concept of an n-person game in which each player has a finite set of pure strategies and in which a definite set of payments to the n players corresponds to each n-tuple of pure strategies, one strategy being taken for each player. For mixed strategies, which are probability distributions over the pure strategies, the pay-off functions are the expectations of the players, thus becoming polylinear forms in the probabilities with which the various players play their various pure strategies.
Any n-tuple of strategies, one for each player, may be regarded as a point in the product space obtained by multiplying the n strategy spaces of the players. One such n-tuple counters another if the strategy of each player in the countering n-tuple yields the highest obtainable expectation for its player against the n − 1 strategies of the other players in the countered n-tuple. A self-countering n-tuple is called an equilibrium point.
The correspondence of each n-tuple with its set of countering n-tuples gives a one-to-many mapping of the product space into itself. From the definition of countering we see that the set of countering points of a point is convex. By using the continuity of the pay-off functions we see that the graph of the mapping is closed. The closedness is equivalent to saying: if P1, P2, … and Q1, Q2, …, Qn, … are sequences of points in the product space where Qn → Q, Pn → P and Qn counters Pn then Q counters P.
Since the graph is closed and since the image of each point under the mapping is convex, we infer from Kakutani’s theorem1 that the mapping has a fixed point (i.e., point contained in its image). Hence there is an equilibrium point.
In the two-person zero-sum case the “main theorem”2 and the existence of an equilibrium point are equivalent. In this case any two equilibrium points lead to the same expectations for the players, but this need not occur in general.
Communicated by S. Lefschetz, November 16, 1949
Format LinkPosted on August 26, 2018 August 27, 2018
Author Chris AldrichCategories Bookmark, Mathematics, Social StreamTags game theoryLeave a comment on 🔖 Equilibrium points in n-person games by John Nash | PNAS
👓 Disconnected, fragmented, or united? a trans-disciplinary review of network science | Applied Network Science | César A. Hidalgo
Read Disconnected, fragmented, or united? a trans-disciplinary review of network science by
César A. Hidalgo (Applied Network Science | SpringerLink)
During decades the study of networks has been divided between the efforts of social scientists and natural scientists, two groups of scholars who often do not see eye to eye. In this review I present an effort to mutually translate the work conducted by scholars from both of these academic fronts hoping to continue to unify what has become a diverging body of literature. I argue that social and natural scientists fail to see eye to eye because they have diverging academic goals. Social scientists focus on explaining how context specific social and economic mechanisms drive the structure of networks and on how networks shape social and economic outcomes. By contrast, natural scientists focus primarily on modeling network characteristics that are independent of context, since their focus is to identify universal characteristics of systems instead of context specific mechanisms. In the following pages I discuss the differences between both of these literatures by summarizing the parallel theories advanced to explain link formation and the applications used by scholars in each field to justify their approach to network science. I conclude by providing an outlook on how these literatures can be further unified.
Highlights, Quotes, Annotations, & Marginalia
Social scientists focus on explaining how context specific social and economic mechanisms drive the structure of networks and on how networks shape social and economic outcomes. By contrast, natural scientists focus primarily on modeling network characteristics that are independent of context, since their focus is to identify universal characteristics of systems instead of context specific mechanisms. ❧
Science and Complexity (Weaver 1948); explained the three eras that according to him defined the history of science. These were the era of simplicity, disorganized complexity, and organized complexity. In the eyes of Weaver what separated these three eras was the development of mathematical tools allowing scholars to describe systems of increasing complexity. ❧
Problems of disorganized complexity are problems that can be described using averages and distributions, and that do not depend on the identity of the elements involved in a system, or their precise patterns of interactions. A classic example of a problem of disorganized complexity is the statistical mechanics of Ludwig Boltzmann, James-Clerk Maxwell, and Willard Gibbs, which focuses on the properties of gases. ❧
Soon after Weaver’s paper, biologists like Francois Jacob (Jacob and Monod 1961), (Jacob et al. 1963) and Stuart Kaufmann (Kauffman 1969), developed the idea of regulatory networks. Mathematicians like Paul Erdos and Alfred Renyi, advanced graph theory (Erdős and Rényi 1960) while Benoit Mandelbrot worked on Fractals (Mandelbrot and Van Ness 1968), (Mandelbrot 1982). Economists like Thomas Schelling (Schelling 1960) and Wasily Leontief (Leontief 1936), (Leontief 1936), respectively explored self-organization and input-output networks. Sociologists, like Harrison White (Lorrain and White 1971) and Mark Granovetter (Granovetter 1985), explored social networks, while psychologists like Stanley Milgram (Travers and Milgram 1969) explored the now famous small world problem. ❧
Some excellent references
First, I will focus in these larger groups because reviews that transcend the boundary between the social and natural sciences are rare, but I believe them to be valuable. One such review is Borgatti et al. (2009), which compares the network science of natural and social sciences arriving at a similar conclusion to the one I arrived. ❧
Links are the essence of networks. So I will start this review by comparing the mechanisms used by natural and social scientists to explain link formation. ❧
When connecting the people that acted in the same movie, natural scientists do not differentiate between people in leading or supporting roles. ❧
But they should because it’s not often the case that these are relevant unless they are represented by the same agent or agency.
For instance, in the study of mobile phone networks, the frequency and length of interactions has often been used as measures of link weight (Onnela et al. 2007), (Hidalgo and Rodriguez-Sickert 1008), (Miritello et al. 2011). ❧
And they probably shouldn’t because typically different levels of people are making these decisions. Studio brass and producers typically have more to say about the lead roles and don’t care as much about the smaller ones which are overseen by casting directors or sometimes the producers. The only person who has oversight of all of them is the director, and even then they may quit caring at some point.
Social scientists explain link formation through two families of mechanisms; one that finds it roots in sociology and the other one in economics. The sociological approach assumes that link formation is connected to the characteristics of individuals and their context. Chief examples of the sociological approach include what I will call the big three sociological link-formation hypotheses. These are: shared social foci, triadic closure, and homophily. ❧
The social foci hypothesis predicts that links are more likely to form among individuals who, for example, are classmates, co-workers, or go to the same gym (they share a social foci). The triadic closure hypothesis predicts that links are more likely to form among individuals that share “friends” or acquaintances. Finally, the homophily hypothesis predicts that links are more likely to form among individuals who share social characteristics, such as tastes, cultural background, or physical appearance (Lazarsfeld and Merton 1954), (McPherson et al. 2001). ❧
definitions of social foci, triadic closure, and homophily within network science.
August 26, 2018 at 11:39AM
Yet, strategic games look for equilibrium in the formation and dissolution of ties in the context of the game theory advanced first by (Von Neumann et al. 2007), and later by (Nash 1950). ❧
Preferential attachment is the idea that connectivity begets connectivity. ❧
Preferential attachment is an idea advanced originally by the statisticians John Willis and Udny Yule in (Willis and Yule 1922), but has been rediscovered numerous times during the twentieth century. ❧
Rediscoveries of this idea in the twentieth century include the work of (Simon 1955) (who did cite Yule), (Merton 1968), (Price 1976) (who studied citation networks), and (Barabási and Albert 1999), who published the modern reference for this model, which is now widely known as the Barabasi-Albert model. ❧
preferential attachment. In the eyes of the social sciences, however, understanding which of all of these hypotheses drives the formation of the network is what one needs to explore. ❧
For example what drives attachment of political candidates?
Finally it is worth noting that trust, through the theory of social capital, has been connected with long-term economic growth—even though these results are based on regressions using extremely sparse datasets. ❧
And this is an example of how Trump is hurting the economy.
Nevertheless, the evidence suggests that social capital and social institutions are significant predictors of economic growth, after controlling for the effects of human capital and initial levels of income (Knack and Keefer 1997), (Knack 2002).4 So trust is a relevant dimension of social interactions that has been connected to individual dyads, network formation, labor markets, and even economic growth. ❧
Social scientist, on the other hand, have focused on what ties are more likely to bring in new information, which are primarily weak ties (Granovetter 1973), and on why weak ties bring new information (because they bridge structural holes (Burt 2001), (Burt 2005)). ❧
heterogeneous networks have been found to be effective promoters of the evolution of cooperation, since there are advantages to being a cooperator when you are a hub, and hubs tend to stabilize networks in equilibriums where levels of cooperation are high (Ohtsuki et al. 2006), (Pacheco et al. 2006), (Lieberman et al. 2005), (Santos and Pacheco 2005). ❧
These results, however, have also been challenged by human experiments finding no such effect (Gracia-Lázaro et al. 2012). The study of cooperation in networks has also been performed in dynamic settings, where individuals are allowed to cut ties (Wang et al. 2012), promoting cooperation, and are faced with different levels of knowledge about the reputation of peers in their network (Gallo and Yan 2015). Moreover, cooperating behavior has seen to spread when people change the networks where they participate in (Fowler and Christakis 2010). ❧
Hidalgo CA. Disconnected, fragmented, or united? a trans-disciplinary review of network science. ANS. 2016;1(1). doi:10.1007/s41109-016-0010-3
Hypothes.is Icon
Format LinkPosted on August 26, 2018 November 27, 2019
Author Chris AldrichCategories Complexity, Economics, Entertainment Industry, Information Theory, Read, Social StreamTags Cesar Hidalgo, cooperation, game theory, genetics, hmophily, Kevin Bacon, link formation, Mark Granovetter, natural science, network science, preferential attachment, Reading.am, social foci, social science, statistical mechanics, triadic closure, Udny Yule, Warren Weaver, weak ties13 Comments on 👓 Disconnected, fragmented, or united? a trans-disciplinary review of network science | Applied Network Science | César A. Hidalgo
🎧 I Don’t Think I Can Do Anything to Fix It | The Daily – New York Times
Listened to Listen to ‘The Daily’: ‘I Don’t Think I Can Do Anything to Fix It’ by Michael Barbaro from nytimes.com
Representative Tom Rooney, a Florida Republican, talks about the Russia investigation, gun control and his decision not to run for re-election.
If possible, click to play, otherwise your browser may be unable to play this audio file.
This gives me some interesting ideas about how things might be fixed via game theory. In some sense it may also help if we all (both parties) had a common enemy to fight against. During the Cold War it was Communism we fought against which helped us be on the same side, and as a result we were more united. Now with nothing to “fight against” we’re fighting each other.
This is one of the most interesting episodes of this podcast I’ve come across yet.
Format AudioPosted on March 8, 2018 March 21, 2018
Author Chris AldrichCategories Listen, Social StreamTags Congress, game theory, GOP, Reading.am, Republican Party, The DailyLeave a comment on 🎧 I Don’t Think I Can Do Anything to Fix It | The Daily – New York Times
👓 Journalists Boycott Disney Films After L.A. Times Snub | Hollywood Reporter
Read Journalists Boycott Disney Films After L.A. Times Snub (The Hollywood Reporter)
The L.A. Times is currently barred from attending advance screenings of Disney movies.
I’m betting this doesn’t end well for Disney’s corporate image. How shortsighted can they be?
Format LinkPosted on November 6, 2017 November 11, 2017
Author Chris AldrichCategories Distribution, Entertainment Industry, Journalism, Read, Social StreamTags Disney, game theory, Reading.amLeave a comment on 👓 Journalists Boycott Disney Films After L.A. Times Snub | Hollywood Reporter
👓 Is Tribalism a Natural Malfunction? | Nautilus
Read Is Tribalism a Natural Malfunction? by Simon DeDeo (Nautilus)
What computers teach us about getting along. From an office at Carnegie Mellon, my colleague John Miller and I had evolved a computer program with a taste for genocide.
This article reminds me that I need to go back to reading Fukuyama’s two volume series (Origins of Political Order) and apply more math to it as a model. I can see some interesting evolution of political structures spread throughout the modern world and still want a more concrete answer for the jumps between them. I suspect that some of our world problems are between more advanced political economies and less advanced (more tribalistic ones — read Middle Eastern as well as some third world nations) which are working on different life-ways. Are there punctuated equilibrium between the political structures of economies like the graph in this paper? What becomes the tipping point that pushes one from one region to the next?
I also feel a bit like our current political climate has changed so significantly in the past 20 years that it’s possible we (America) may be regressing.
Check out this referenced paper:
🔖 Barasz, M., et al. Robust cooperation in the Prisoner’s Dilemma: Program equilibrium via provability logic. arXiv 1401.5577 (2014).
Author Chris AldrichCategories Read, Social StreamTags competition, Francis Fukuyama, game theory, Reading.amLeave a comment on 👓 Is Tribalism a Natural Malfunction? | Nautilus
SFI and ASU to offer online M.S. in Complexity | Complexity Explorer
Bookmarked SFI and ASU to offer online M.S. in Complexity (Complexity Explorer)
SFI and Arizona State University soon will offer the world’s first comprehensive online master’s degree in complexity science. It will be the Institute’s first graduate degree program, a vision that dates to SFI’s founding. “With technology, a growing recognition of the value of online education, widespread acceptance of complexity science, and in partnership with ASU, we are now able to offer the world a degree in the field we helped invent,” says SFI President David Krakauer, “and it will be taught by the very people who built it into a legitimate domain of scholarship.”
Format LinkPosted on August 17, 2017 March 28, 2019
Author Chris AldrichCategories Complexity, EconomicsTags Arizona State University, Cities, game theory, graduate program, network theory, Santa Fe InstituteLeave a comment on SFI and ASU to offer online M.S. in Complexity | Complexity Explorer
🔖 A Course in Game Theory by Martin J. Osborne, Ariel Rubinstein | MIT Press
Bookmarked A Course in Game Theory (MIT Press)
A Course in Game Theory presents the main ideas of game theory at a level suitable for graduate students and advanced undergraduates, emphasizing the theory's foundations and interpretations of its basic concepts. The authors provide precise definitions and full proofs of results, sacrificing generalities and limiting the scope of the material in order to do so. The text is organized in four parts: strategic games, extensive games with perfect information, extensive games with imperfect information, and coalitional games. It includes over 100 exercises.
Tangentially suggested after reading In Game Theory, No Clear Path to Equilibrium by Erica Klarreich (Quanta Magazine)
Free, personal copy is downloadable in .pdf format with registration here.
Goodreads icon
Format LinkPosted on July 24, 2017
Author Chris AldrichCategories Bookmark, Economics, Mathematics, Social StreamTags free textbooks, game theory3 Comments on 🔖 A Course in Game Theory by Martin J. Osborne, Ariel Rubinstein | MIT Press
🔖 Subjectivity and Correlation in Randomized Strategies by Robert J. Aumann | Journal of Mathematical Economics
Bookmarked Subjectivity and Correlation in Randomized Strategies (Journal of Mathematical Economics 1 (1974) 67-96. North-Holland Publishing Company)
(.pdf download) Subjectivity and correlation, though formally related, are conceptually distinct and independent issues. We start by discussing subjectivity. A mixed strategy in a game involves the selection of a pure strategy by means of a random device. It has usually been assumed that the random device is a coin flip, the spin of a roulette wheel, or something similar; in brief, an ‘objective’ device, one for which everybody agrees on the numerical values of the probabilities involved. Rather oddly, in spite of the long history of the theory of subjective probability, nobody seems to have examined the consequences of basing mixed strategies on ‘subjective’ random devices, i.e. devices on the probabilities of whose outcomes people may disagree (such as horse races, elections, etc.).
Suggested by In Game Theory, No Clear Path to Equilibrium by Erica Klarreich (Quanta Magazine)
Author Chris AldrichCategories Bookmark, Economics, Mathematics, Social StreamTags game theory, Nash equilibriaLeave a comment on 🔖 Subjectivity and Correlation in Randomized Strategies by Robert J. Aumann | Journal of Mathematical Economics
🔖 Communication complexity of approximate Nash equilibria | arXiv
Bookmarked Communication complexity of approximate Nash equilibria (arXiv)
For a constant ϵ, we prove a poly(N) lower bound on the (randomized) communication complexity of ϵ-Nash equilibrium in two-player NxN games. For n-player binary-action games we prove an exp(n) lower bound for the (randomized) communication complexity of (ϵ,ϵ)-weak approximate Nash equilibrium, which is a profile of mixed actions such that at least (1−ϵ)-fraction of the players are ϵ-best replying.
Author Chris AldrichCategories Bookmark, Economics, Mathematics, Social StreamTags cs.CC, cs.GT, game theory, Nash equilibria1 Comment on 🔖 Communication complexity of approximate Nash equilibria | arXiv
👓 In Game Theory, No Clear Path to Equilibrium | Quanta Magazine
Read In Game Theory, No Clear Path to Equilibrium by Erica Klarreich (Quanta Magazine)
John Nash’s notion of equilibrium is ubiquitous in economic theory, but a new study shows that it is often impossible to reach efficiently.
There’s a couple of interesting sounding papers in here that I want to dig up and read. There are some great results that sound like they are crying out for better generalization and classification. Perhaps some overlap with information theory and complexity?
To some extent I also find myself wondering about repeated play as a possible random walk versus larger “jumps” in potential game play and the effects this may have on the “evolution” of a solution by play instead of a simpler closed mathematical solution.
Format LinkPosted on July 22, 2017 July 23, 2017
Author Chris AldrichCategories Economics, Mathematics, Read, Social StreamTags game theory, John Nash, Reading.am7 Comments on 👓 In Game Theory, No Clear Path to Equilibrium | Quanta Magazine
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Commercial builder bolsters his business with Caldwell
Jason Keeton had landed a nice parcel of land. And as president of KCS Construction Services, one of Houston’s more prominent commercial construction companies, he knew it had greater potential than what some people he met with would have him believe.
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That’s when a cold call changed everything.
“Clay Roper with Caldwell called me up out of the blue. He’s an Aggie, I’m an Aggie so we got to talking,” says Jason. “Clay had a different approach. He wasn’t just about price. He brought really good ideas on how to maximize my land and develop it right.”
The Caldwell Land Team got right to work helping Jason every step of the way. “Caldwell did a lot more than I expected them to do. Site planning…going to MUD meetings… they brought high-quality users to my tracts, helped me sell and even located more land for me to buy.”
It’s that kind dedication to clients that really sets Caldwell apart. Maybe that’s why Jason now has ten deals with Caldwell under his belt with two more in the works.
“I made an excellent decision when I chose to go with Caldwell,” says Jason. “I know all about construction. Caldwell knows development. That’s why they fit perfectly for me. I consider them my partner.”
If you have land to sell, are looking for land to buy, or have tracts you’re looking to develop to their maximum potential, call on the company that moves more land than anyone else.
Take it from Jason, “Caldwell just knows how to get things done.”
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- Clint Hendricks, Owner - Hendricks Investments See All Testimonials »
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Pest Control in Camberwell, SE5. Call Now 020 8166 9746 > Blog
Pest Control Camberwellpest controlOctober 31, 20190 Comment0 Likes
How pianos became part of the furniture at UK railway stations
Phil Coomes
The sound of someone tinkling the ivories has become commonplace at UK railway stations. But who plays them, what is their appeal and how did the trend take hold?
Every Monday and Friday, Denis Robinson, 92, makes the 30-minute trip from his home in Sutton, south London, to St Pancras International station, in the heart of the capital.
His final destination: an upright piano tucked beneath a staircase on the station concourse, opposite the arrivals door where holidaymakers from across the world depart the high-speed Eurostar train.
Denis is one of Britain’s amateur train station pianists. A minor celebrity, following a viral performance of Somewhere Over the Rainbow with West End singer Ceili O’Connor in April, he has been delighting commuters with his own arrangements of nostalgic hits for seven years.
Denis Robinson has met people from across the globe by playing the piano at St Pancras station
He aims to arrive at the piano stool either side of lunch. Breaking with tradition to meet BBC News mid-week, he takes his pew by 11:30am on a Wednesday.
Within moments of his opening chord, passing travellers pause to listen, smile and offer him praise.
“It’s an absolute joy,” says the retired auditor, who has been playing since he was a child. “I nearly always come home with a memory to tell my wife.
“I’m lucky because I’ve got an ever-changing appreciative audience.”
Denis suffered a stroke at the station in August, which affected his left hand, but it wasn’t long until he returned to the instrument in autumn for a rendition of As Long as He Needs Me, sung softly to himself.
“When I walked round to the piano again, there was just this feeling of ‘I’m back’,” he says.
Media captionDenis Robinson said he was “amazed” as Ceili started singing
There are two pianos at St Pancras, located at either end of the station’s main arcade of shops. Denis credits his wife of 34 years, Diane, for introducing him to the one he plays.
She was studying Greek at the nearby British Library when it was donated to St Pancras in 2012, following a three-week art project that placed so-called street pianos at public locations around London.
While Sheffield is often cited as the home of the first street piano, the idea for the St Pancras pianos was the brainchild of British artist Luke Jerram, whose Play Me, I’m Yours project has been touring cities around the world since 2008.
The scheme sees second-hand pianos installed in public locations, with an open invitation to play. Each piano is unique, often decorated by local artists or community groups.
Bristol was one of the first cities to take part in Luke Jerram’s Play Me, I’m Yours project in 2009
The scheme has placed more than 1,900 pianos in cities globally
“I realised within a city, there must be hundreds of invisible communities, regularly spending time with one another in silence,” Luke explains.
“Placing a piano into the space was my solution to this problem, acting as a catalyst for conversation.”
Several other pianos that were placed in London train stations in 2012 also ended up staying put after Luke’s project ended, including two at Canary Wharf and one at Herne Hill railway station.
And it’s not just talented amateurs that have taken to the keys. Global stars such as Sara Bareilles and Sir Elton John, who donated a Yamaha piano to St Pancras in 2016, have also given public performances.
Elton’s signed piano, still at the station, reads: “Enjoy this piano. It’s a gift. Love, Elton John.”
Inspired by the success of the St Pancras pianos, other groups have gone on to install their own at railway stations around the country.
There are now at least 34 pianos available to play on station concourses.
Labour MP for Hove Peter Kyle lobbied for a piano at Brighton station in 2014 in the hope that it would “reduce the misery” of time spent at the terminal.
Ten months later, with the go ahead from Southern Rail, the station’s first piano arrived from local dealer Brighton Piano Warehouse, painted in circus-style red and yellow with “Please Play Me” emblazoned above the lid.
While the instrument has been replaced twice due to wear and tear, a piano has been at the station ever since.
Julia Horbaschk
Mikah Laiberg plays Brighton station’s piano in time off from his job as a street cleaner
Brighton and Hove Council street cleaner Mikah Laiberg, 28, has made a regular appearance at the instrument from the outset – at one point rehearsing on it every day after work.
“It’s a compulsion,” he says. “I can’t understand how people who can play an instrument can walk past without playing it.”
Clips shared online show Mikah, in his employee high-vis jacket and boots, stunning passers-by with his classical improvisations influenced by composers such as Alexei Stanchinsky.
Such videos, of everyday people showcasing their talent, have arguably played a key role in the success of public pianos.
Street pianos emerged around the same time as the smartphone – the first iPhone was released in 2007 – making performances increasingly easy to document and share.
Now, videos of pianos being played prove particularly popular on YouTube.
In August, Alicia Palmer, 16, wowed the internet with her rendition of Edelweiss at Tottenham Court Road’s piano alongside public piano player Brendan Kavanagh – gaining more than 750,000 views on the site.
Public pianos are often brightly painted by local artists or community groups
‘Life and colour’
Selhurst is one of several small stations in London with a public piano.
Hannah Sayers, 34, and her local community group arranged for a piano to be placed there in 2018.
Donated by Hannah’s neighbour and painted by a local resident, they hoped it would “help people feel positive about where they live”.
“We wanted to bring life and colour to our little ward in Croydon,” Hannah says.
Selhurst’s piano is conveniently located near to the BRIT school, for performing arts students to play, and has a large passing traffic of commuters and Crystal Palace football fans.
“The one thing we were really worried about was that it would get damaged or vandalised,” adds Hannah, “But it hasn’t been so far.”
Hannah Sayers, left, and her friend Becky, right, have also arranged a book swap at Selhurst station
Neighbouring Thornton Heath station recently installed its second piano after a water leak damaged its original instrument.
Local resident Linda Watson calls it a “community asset”. She adds: “Thornton Heath has many brilliant musicians. To have live music when you are travelling is a delightful surprise.”
‘Feel-good factor’
Meanwhile for Malcolm Ingram, of Ingram’s Removals, placing a piano in Darlington Bank Top station was a way to save an unwanted instrument.
Pianos, once the entertainment hub of the family home, have long been in decline.
Some 5,000 are sold annually, the Financial Times reports, compared with 30,000 in the 1980s. Malcolm says customers are frequently looking to get rid of their old pianos.
Dave Charnley
Malcolm Ingram, left, installed a piano at Durham station shortly after Darlington
In 2018, he had a brainwave and arranged for a client’s Hemingway piano to be relocated to the station concourse, where it is now loved by staff and passengers.
“A piano brightens up peoples’ day – if someone has the gift to play it, it provides that feel-good factor,” he says.
“The piano was just going to have to go to landfill otherwise, which seems criminal.”
Speaking at the end of his performance in St Pancras, Denis says his repertoire of old-time classics are a constant hit with audiences.
“The songs bring back memories for some people, so they come over and say thank you,” he says.
“The music I play, it’s simple really. It’s a blessing to see that I can provide happiness.”
Photography by Phil Coomes, Dave Charnley and Julia Horbaschk
Truth Hurts: Lizzo credits writer of ‘DNA test’ tweet
Getty Images / Mina Lioness / Twitter
“I just took a DNA Test, turns out I’m a credited writer for the number one song on Billboard.”
That’s what British singer Mina Lioness tweeted after officially being credited as a writer on Lizzo’s song Truth Hurts.
The row started after Lizzo wanted to trademark the phrase “I just took a DNA test turns out I’m 100% that…”.
Mina tweeted a similar phrase in 2017, but Lizzo claimed not to have seen it.
It’s the opening lyric to Truth Hurts, which reached number one on Billboard’s Hot 100 chart.
“In 2017, while working on a demo, I saw a meme that resonated with me… I later used the line in Truth Hurts… I later learned that a tweet inspired the meme”, Lizzo said on Twitter.
“The creator of the tweet is the person I am sharing my success with…”
While she didn’t name her, Mina responded shortly after with a tweet thanking Lizzo and her team.
Lizzo also mentions two men who claimed to have created the lyric with her in a writing session.
Justin and Jeremiah Raisen said the line in question was taken from a song called Healthy that they wrote with Lizzo and two other writers in April 2017.
They say they’d been “shutdown” when trying to resolve the issue for the past two years.
Lizzo said they “did not help me write any part of the song”.
“There was no-one in the room when I wrote Truth Hurts, except me, Ricky Reed, and my tears.
“That song is my life, and its words are my truth.”
Even though the song was released in 2017, the row began this year when Mina heard that Lizzo wanted to trademark the “DNA” phrase.
It was reported she wanted to use it on t-shirts, jackets, hats, bandanas and wristbands.
Lizzo said in an interview that after the initial reaction to Truth Hurts, she almost stopped making music, feeling it wasn’t “even making a splash”.
But the song began to grow in popularity and was added to the deluxe version of her 2019 debut album Cuz I Love You.
It’s been a big year for Lizzo since then – she made her Coachella debut and Rihanna gave her a standing ovation after her performance at the BET Awards.
She also starred in the movie Hustlers alongside Jennifer Lopez and Cardi B.
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Listen to Newsbeat live at 12:45 and 17:45 weekdays – or listen back here.
Extinction Rebellion protesters target London Underground
Protesters glued themselves to the top of a train carriage at Shadwell station
London Underground lines have been partially suspended as climate change protesters climbed on top of trains.
The Jubilee Line and Docklands Light Railway were affected after incidents at Stratford, Canning Town station and Shadwell during Tuesday’s rush hour.
Commuters were seen physically dragging protesters from the roof of a train in a video on social media.
Extinction Rebellion said the disruption was “necessary to highlight the emergency”.
British Transport Police said on Twitter: “At this time we have three separate incidents involving Extinction Rebellion protest action at Stratford, Canning Town, and Shadwell.
“Arrests have already been made and officers are working quickly to resume services.”
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British IS fighters taken into US custody, says Trump
Media captionInterview with Islamic State ‘Beatles’ duo
Two of the so-called “IS Beatles” have been taken out of Syria to “a secure location controlled by the US”, President Donald Trump has said.
El Shafee Elsheikh and Alexanda Kotey are accused of being part of an Islamic State group cell which kidnapped and murdered Western hostages in Syria.
The pair – who are from London – are in the custody of the American military, according to US media reports.
In a tweet, Mr Trump described them as “the worst of the worst”.
He said the decision to remove them from Syria had been taken “in case the Kurds or Turkey lose control”.
Skip Twitter post by @realDonaldTrump
In case the Kurds or Turkey lose control, the United States has already taken the 2 ISIS militants tied to beheadings in Syria, known as the Beetles, out of that country and into a secure location controlled by the U.S. They are the worst of the worst!
End of Twitter post by @realDonaldTrump
The New York Times and Washington Post say the pair have been removed from a prison run by Kurdish militia in northern Syria.
The announcement comes after the US withdrew its forces from the region this week.
On Wednesday President Trump told reporters the US had transferred “some of the most dangerous IS fighters” amid fears they could escape custody as Turkish troops invade Kurdish-held territory in northern Syria.
The Kurds – who helped defeat IS in Syria and were key US allies in that fight – guard thousands of IS fighters and their relatives in prisons and camps in areas under their control. It is unclear whether they will continue to do so if fighting breaks out.
Other members of the IS cell – dubbed “The Beatles” because of their British accents – included Mohammed Emwazi, known as Jihadi John, who was killed in a US air strike in 2015, and Aine Davis, who has been jailed in Turkey.
Emwazi is thought to have killed US journalist James Foley in 2014.
All four were radicalised in the UK before travelling to Syria.
Elsheikh and Kotey are designated as terrorists by the US state department, which links them to the group’s executions and “exceptionally cruel torture methods” including electric shocks, waterboarding and mock executions.
They were said to have been captured by Kurdish forces in January 2018.
unknown/HO via Met Police, Kotey, Handout
Mohammed Emwazi, Aine Davis, Alexanda Kotey and El Shafee Elsheikh (l to r)
The New York Times reports that the US is planning to take Mr Elsheikh and Mr Kotey to Virginia, where they will be put on trial.
It remains to be seen whether the evidence against the pair amassed by British investigators will be handed over in full to US authorities.
Former Prime Minister Theresa May, when she was home secretary in 2015, told Washington the UK would only hand over evidence after receiving a categorical guarantee that neither man would be executed.
The UK has long sought and obtained such a death penalty assurance from the US.
That position was reiterated by Mrs May’s successor, Amber Rudd, but then reversed after Sajid Javid entered the Home Office in April 2018.
Mr Javid decided to hand over 600 witness statements, without seeking any kind of guarantee that Mr Elsheikh and Mr Kotey would not be put to death.
Mr Elsheikh’s mother, Maha Elgizouli challenged the decision but, in January, lost that case in the High Court.
The issue is currently being decided by the UK Supreme Court.
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Pest Control Camberwellpest controlSeptember 25, 20190 Comment0 Likes
Ealing Common: Man stabbed to death in fight
More than 100 murder investigations have been launched across London this year
A man in his 20s has died after being stabbed in a fight near Ealing Common, west London.
Officers from the Metropolitan Police were called to reports of a fight close shortly after 18:00 BST and discovered the man suffering from stab injuries.
Members of the London Ambulance Service and the air ambulance also attended, however the man was pronounced dead at the scene at 18:48.
His next of kin have been informed and a post-mortem will be held.
A man was arrested on suspicion of affray and was taken to a west London police station where he remains in custody.
Inquiries are ongoing.
Anyone with information is asked to call officers on 101.
A section 60 order is now in place for the Hillingdon and Ealing areas until 07:00 on Wednesday, allowing the police greater search powers for a limited period.
This order comes after a murder investigation was launched when a man was stabbed to death on a train at Hillingdon station shortly before 16:00 on Tuesday.
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Nine London Waterloo platforms closed by lineside fire
The fire has caused “significant damage” to cabling outside the station
Commuters have been told not to travel from London Waterloo during the rush hour after a fire closed nine platforms.
The lineside blaze damaged cabling outside the station, meaning trains cannot use platforms 16-24.
Network Rail said “significant damage” had been caused to equipment, meaning trains will be delayed or cancelled.
Disruption is expected for the rest of the day while the Thursday morning rush hour may also be affected.
Network Rail said its engineers would be working through the night to fix the damage.
Waterloo is the busiest and largest railway station in the UK.
Skip Twitter post by @SW_Help
⚠️ *UPDATE 17/07* Due to a fire next to the track earlier today at London Waterloo some lines are blocked. Trains running to and from this station may be cancelled, delayed or revised. Disruption is expected until the end of the day – https://t.co/imkvCCexC2
— SWR Help (@SW_Help) July 17, 2019
End of Twitter post by @SW_Help
The platforms which are closed are normally used by trains serving Windsor, Reading, Hounslow, Richmond and Kingston.
However, services from other platforms are also being affected because trains have to be diverted or revised.
Circular services via Hounslow, Richmond, Strawberry Hill and Kingston have been cancelled
Trains between Waterloo and Windsor & Eton Riverside are diverted via Kingston
Trains between Waterloo and Exeter/Salisbury are terminated and will restart from Basingstoke
Passengers were warned that services on other routes may also be subject to short-notice cancellations or delays.
In a joint statement, Network Rail and South Western Railway said commuters were “strongly advised to use alternative routes where possible and check their journeys before travelling at southwesternrailway.com for ticket acceptance and service details”.
Some passengers took to social media to express their frustration at the travel disruption.
One Twitter user described the situation as an “absolute shambles”, while others complained about being given the wrong or no information at all by train station staff.
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County Championship: Roland-Jones gives Middlesex control against Glamorgan
Toby Roland-Jones celebrates after David Lloyd is caught
Specsavers County Championship Division Two, Sophia Gardens, Cardiff (day two):
Middlesex 384 Malan 166; Carey 4-54 & 189-5 Robson 73*, Simpson 56
Glamorgan 171 Lloyd 67; Helm 5-53, Roland-Jones 4-45
Middlesex (7 pts) lead Glamorgan (3 pts) by 402 runs
Middlesex have a formidable lead of 402 over Glamorgan at 189-5 in their second innings, going into day three in Cardiff.
Sam Robson (73*) and John Simpson (56) have strengthened the visitors’ grip.
Toby Roland-Jones (4-45) made the most of a helpful pitch as Glamorgan were hustled out for an inadequate 171.
David Lloyd’s 67 was the top home score, while Tom Helm (5-53) wrapped up the innings with his fifth wicket after his first-evening purple patch.
Lloyd shared half-century stands with Billy Root and Chris Cooke before the visitors’ seamers re-established control, as Glamorgan’s last five wickets mustered just 28 runs.
A lead of 213 runs was not enough to persuade Dawid Malan to enforce the follow-on, wanting to avoid batting last on the most bowler-friendly Championship pitch of the season in Cardiff.
Although Middlesex slumped to 85-4, they were never under pressure thanks to their first-innings lead, and the Robson-Simpson century partnership blossomed in the evening sunshine to grind down Glamorgan hopes of avoiding a first defeat of the campaign.
Glamorgan vice-captain David Lloyd told BBC Sport Wales:
“A very difficult day, they hit their lengths more regularly than we did, then we started well with the ball in the second dig but it’s always tough when you’re chasing the game.
“It’s a wicket where you have to be positive and get forward because it’s starting to go more up and down- it’s about looking to score rather than sit there and wait for things to happen.
“We’ve showed in previous games that we can battle draws out so you never know, we’ll have to try to bat the rest of the game and we can do it if we get our mindsets right.”
Middlesex bowler Tom Helm told BBC Radio London:
“It took a bit longer to get the fifth one than I had in my head last night, but Toby had four and I’m very happy with it.
“If you get the ball in the right area, the odd one zips through and it changed a bit from day one.
“There’s so long left in this game, we can bat for as long as we want and it’ll be interesting to see how the morning goes, they’ll come out fired up but we’ll see how we go.”
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Electric scooter rider killed in Battersea lorry crash
Police said no arrests had been made following the crash on Friday morning
A woman riding an electric scooter has been killed in a crash with a lorry in south-west London.
The 35-year-old was pronounced dead at the scene at the Queen Circus roundabout, Battersea following the crash at about 08:30 BST.
A Metropolitan Police spokeswoman said her next of kin had yet to be informed and no arrests had been made.
In July last year a cyclist was killed at the roundabout after being hit by a bin lorry.
A London Ambulance Service spokeswoman said: “We sent an advanced paramedic, two ambulance crews, an incident response officer and two medics in cars to the scene, with the first of our medics arriving in under four minutes.
“Sadly, despite the extensive efforts of medics, a woman died at the scene.”
Electric scooters are illegal to ride on public roads
Transport for London and Wandsworth Council redesigned the roundabout in 2015, which trialled the use of raised kerbs and separate traffic lights to keep cyclists and vehicles segregated at junctions.
Concerns had been raised that the new layout was too complicated.
While the cause of the crash is unknown, e-scooters are illegal to ride on public roads, including in cycle lanes or on the pavement.
A Department for Transport spokeswoman said: “We extend our deepest sympathies to all those involved in this tragic incident, and fully support the police as they carry out their investigations.
“Safety is at the heart of all our road laws and it is important that retailers continue to remind people at the point of sale that it is illegal to ride e-scooters on public roads.”
An electric scooter, or e-scooter, is similar to a traditional children’s scooter but has a motorised engine attached.
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Pest Control Camberwellpest controlJuly 9, 20190 Comment0 Likes
London Victoria derailment hits Gatwick Express and Southern trains
No Gatwick Express trains are running while Southern has warned of a “severely reduced” service
An engineering train has derailed in south London causing the closure of the Gatwick Express service.
The train partly left the tracks at low speed outside Victoria station at about 03:00 BST.
No Gatwick Express trains are running, while Southern warned its services would be “severely reduced”.
The train has moved and the track will now be “assessed for damage” and repaired if necessary through the night, according to Southern.
Skip Twitter post by @SouthernRailUK
⚠️ #SNUpdates – Specialist recovery teams have confirmed that the damaged train has moved as of 18:05, therefore the track will now be assessed for damage, and repaired if necessary throughout the night.
Full details, service updates & travel adviceℹ️⏰👇https://t.co/nUnTK53BEF
— Southern (@SouthernRailUK) July 9, 2019
End of Twitter post by @SouthernRailUK
Disruption is expected to last throughout Tuesday but Gatwick Express and Southern said a normal service was expected on Wednesday.
The 50-tonne train has been cut from its two wagons and been lifted back on the track
The train was stuck across a number of tracks meaning platforms nine to 13 at Victoria were blocked, while services were not able to use the “slow/stopping” lines to and from Clapham Junction.
Some trains were also unable to leave the Battersea depot – further reducing the number of services that could run.
Recovery teams cut the 50-tonne train from its two wagons and lifted it back on to the track using hydraulic jacks.
Engineers managed to remove the train from the tracks by 18:05
Trains running through Gatwick Airport were also disrupted by a separate signalling fault and a passenger who was injured as they left a carriage, which led to one platform becoming blocked.
Dr Niall Goulding
Southern said the train was “obstructing a complex section of track on one of the busiest routes”
Some commuters took to social media as they found their trains had been cancelled.
Other stations, including London Bridge, also became congested as people tried to find alternative routes.
A Network Rail spokesperson said passengers should travel “via London Bridge or London Blackfriars as trains will be delayed, diverted or cancelled”.
Train tickets for Southern and Gatwick Express services have been accepted for reasonable routes on other services.
Train services affected:
Gatwick Express services are completely suspended
Services to Sutton, Epsom Downs and Epsom to and from London Victoria are reduced
Some mainline services will be diverted to London Bridge instead of London Victoria
Southern services between London Victoria and Reigate are cancelled and passengers are advised to use Thameslink to and from Redhill and then Great Western Railway between Reigate and Redhill
Services between London Victoria and East Grinstead will call additionally at Selhurst and Streatham Common
Services between Milton Keynes and East Croydon will call additionally at Wandsworth Common when not already booked to do so
Services between London Victoria and Horsham via Sutton will call additionally at Ewell East
Southern trains from Sutton to London Bridge via Wimbledon will be cancelled. Thameslink will be running as normal
Have your travel plans been affected? Email haveyoursay@bbc.co.uk
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County Championship: Shaw and Higgins put Gloucestershire on top against Middlesex
Josh Shaw has now taken 20 wickets in his last four Championship matches.
Specsavers County Championship Division Two, Merchant Taylors’ School, Northwood (day one):
Middlesex 172: Malan 28; Shaw 4-33, Higgins 3-52
Gloucestershire 59-2: Dent 27*; Roland-Jones 2-15
Middlesex 0 pts, Gloucestershire 3 pts
Josh Shaw took three prize scalps as Gloucestershire triggered a Middlesex collapse which put Division Two’s bottom club in trouble at Northwood.
Shaw removed Sam Robson (23), Dawid Malan (28) and Nick Gubbins (26) in his 4-33, and Ryan Higgins took 3-52 as his old club slipped from 98-2 to 139-8.
They were eventually bowled out for 172 before two Toby Roland-Jones wickets in reply lifted their spirits.
But Gloucestershire steadied the ship to reach 59-2 and trail by just 113.
Seamer Shaw’s performance built on his six wickets against Glamorgan in their previous game, as he claimed three of Middlesex’s top four.
His victims included Malan, whose hopes of an Ashes call-up were boosted by a career-best 199 at Derby last week.
However, he top-edged a short of a length ball and Graeme van Buuren ran in to take a fine catch.
Jay Sewell death: Mother says sentences are ‘no deterrent’
Rail fares rise by 2.7%, hitting millions of commuters
London’s City Hall provides Christmas meals for homeless
New life brewed for 100-year-old East End coffee stall
General Election 2019: Polls open across London
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Can we consider any core Buddhist teaching as dogma?
Can we consider the four noble truth or any other core teachings in Buddhism as dogmas that we should accept, or could be learn/understand reality only by experience and mindfulness? Is it possible to come to any other conclusions by meditating and practicing mindfulness? I see dogma as a principle incontrovertibly true. Thanks a lot.
mindfulness teaching four-noble-truths
Crab Bucket
touppertoupper
You can come to all sorts of conclusions by practicing mindfulness and meditation. People do it all the time. It doesn't necessarily mean that these conclusions are valid, deeply understood, or even the product of insight. – user698 Oct 28 '14 at 1:50
The Buddha said that we should not take his word as truth if it doesn't match up with our own experience. The test, then, is this: do the Four Noble Truths match with observable experience, or are they rules to be taken on blind faith? To simplify: is this a rule, or is it merely an observation? Do we have to accept on blind faith that this is the way things are? The Buddha himself said that was not the case. Thus, it's not a dogma.
The should part of your question implies judgment. Is it a judgment to call something a truth? Could we not say that they are in fact a part of a process, and not actually true or false, but merely steps to be taken? Thus:
There is suffering.
There is identification of suffering.
There is overcoming of suffering.
There is no suffering.
...could be a guide to how to overcome suffering--and is in fact an early form of self-therapy that we might say is an early foundation for modern psychology.
The "truths" aren't actually true or false in the sense of being true or being false; they are more in the sense of being faithful to the ideal of overcoming suffering.
There is, however, a dogma I've run into in Buddhism: the dogma of having no dogmas. It's almost a rule that we should avoid having dogmas of any kind (especially in forms of Zen and Chan Buddhism, though Soto Zen tends to take this to kind of an extreme, in my experience).
So if you take a leap of faith and believe something blindly, you're somehow a "bad Buddhist". But not taking a leap of faith is also a dogma.
Fun little conundrum, isn't it? :)
Vishwa JayVishwa Jay
Can you reference a direct quote for the first sentence, "we should not take his word as truth"? Is there a quote in which he ever says specifically that we shouldn't take his word as truth? In the Kalama Sutta for example he says, "don't go by reports, by legends, by traditions, etc." ... which isn't quite the same thing as saying "don't trust my words": shouldn't Buddhists interpret that as, "trust the Buddha's words, not other people's words"? There is such a thing as faith (not 'blind' faith, but faith) in Buddhism. – ChrisW♦ Oct 28 '14 at 4:24
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faith_in_Buddhism – ChrisW♦ Oct 28 '14 at 4:30
It wasn't a direct quote. A more direct quote might be: "“Do not believe out of blind faith, do not believe merely on scripture, do not believe on mere tradition. Do not believe me just because it is I who speak. But when you have seen, examined and experienced for yourself, then accept it." Analectic thought is common throughout the Buddhist teachings. The way we translate words into English can also change depending on whom we ask, etc., so mincing words isn't going to be helpful in such a case unless you also speak Sanskrit. – Vishwa Jay Oct 28 '14 at 4:34
Can you give an specific reference for "Do not believe me just because it is I who speak"? I ask because although he also invites people to experience and to benefit for themselves, SFAIK he claims to be enlightened, insightful, truthful, trustworthy. I'm not aware of any scripture in which he suggests people might be correct in not believing him ... and certainly nothing to suggest they'd be correct in believing anything that's contrary to his doctrine. – ChrisW♦ Oct 28 '14 at 4:41
Vishwa Jay, excellent post and I really like that you explain not to get hung up on them as "truths". The 4NT are empty like anything else and I think it's easy for people to attach to them by attributing a sort of absolute "truth" i.e. inherent existence to them. – Joe McDonagh Oct 28 '14 at 13:45
"A principle incontrovertibly true" is not a dogma. E.g. in math the principle of associativity -- a + (b + c) = (a + b) + c -- is incontrovertibly true, so what? A principle must be "incontrovertibly true" within some domain -- otherwise it would be useless.
Instead, dogma is a thesis to be taken on blind faith, with no logical proof nor practical evidence. Another definition of dogma is a thesis mistakenly absolutized outside of domain where it is legitimately valid.
As any science, Buddhism -- the science of Liberation -- has its principles, its truths. And within the context of Buddhism they better be true -- otherwise we'd have to throw them away!
But yeah, we have to be careful not to take Buddhist truths as dogmas. Which means two things: 1) by all means try and map what it really means that e.g. "the origin of dukkha is craving" onto one's direct experience; and 2) not unwittingly absolutize e.g. the celibacy precept for monks to mean that procreation in general is bad.
IIRC the fact that the addition operator is associative is dogma: i.e. the associative property is part of the definition of the addition operator. There are other operators (e.g. the subtraction operator) which are not associative but which are also useful. But, that's what I learned in a Mathematics lecture: not in the 'real world'. – ChrisW♦ Oct 28 '14 at 1:46
I think you are confusing dogma with axiom. – Andrei Volkov♦ Oct 28 '14 at 1:50
I think that (having quoted a definition of dogma), dogmas are axioms. Some philosophers agree. After I defined dogma as 'axiomatic', I found that Wikipedia supports the corollary I suggested, which is that any given doctrine may not deny or contradict a dogma and still be said to belong to that religion. The addition operator, and associativity, were the subject the first Mathematics lecture I attended at university (starting with 1+1=2 and 0+1=1 etc.). – ChrisW♦ Oct 28 '14 at 2:32
The fact that the words (dogma, axiom, etc.) have these meanings to me doesn't prevent you from saying what you want to, about Buddhism. I found Maths unsatisfactory too (so if Buddhism says that everything is dukkha, it's not wrong there), but I think I recognize an axiom when I see one: and dogma is axiom. Whether the associative addition operator maps to (is useful in) the real world is another question: "applied maths". I don't know why your axiom (or definition) of dogma is that it is "blind faith". I realize that it's the existence of dogma that enables schism, but that's reality IMO. – ChrisW♦ Oct 28 '14 at 2:32
I'd take your sentence, "A principle must be incontrovertibly true within some domain -- otherwise it would be useless", and rewrite that as, "An axiom is assumed or defined to true, and the set of axioms define what the domain is." For example in Buddhism the four noble truths etc. are axiomatic. They have theoretical consequences (e.g. renunciation). That set of axioms with all their consequences is the domain (of Buddhism). The practitioner should assess a) are the axioms relevant to the world b) do the theoretical/logical consequences of those axioms (i.e. "theories") match practicalities. – ChrisW♦ Oct 28 '14 at 3:32
I have been searching for the supporting text: Here is one quotation: http://thinkexist.com/quotation/do_not_believe_in_anything_simply_because_you/12103.html
“Do not believe in anything simply because you have heard it. Do not believe in anything simply because it is spoken and rumored by many. Do not believe in anything simply because it is found written in your religious books. Do not believe in anything merely on the authority of your teachers and elders. Do not believe in traditions because they have been handed down for many generations. But after observation and analysis, when you find that anything agrees with reason and is conducive to the good and benefit of one and all, then accept it and live up to it.” Buddha quotes (Hindu Prince Gautama Siddharta, the founder of Buddhism, 563-483 B.C.)
An almost identical text is also quoted at http://www.noble-buddhism-beliefs.com/buddha-quotes.html
Shakyamuni Buddha taught monks sermons on the four noble truths and other precepts. My memories are that the Buddha encourages people to take the precepts, study them, try to incorporate them into a meditation practice and finally into one's life.
the online dictionary in google also defines dogma
"a principle or set of principles laid down by an authority {emphasis mine} as incontrovertibly true."
I have never studied or read a teacher that speaks of incontrovertible [not able to be denied or disputed]. truth in Buddhist literature. The Dalai Lama talks about monks debating all aspects of Buddhist precepts to strengthen their understanding. Discussion and debate are part of the path, including this website.
Dogma also implies a certain blind acceptance of statements without thoroughly digesting them and struggling with them. Buddhism does have principles but by swallowing them whole you will only get spiritual indigestion. Taking one principle and putting it into practice is a more effective strategy than trying to swallow the fish whole.
It is possible to come to conclusions by meditating and practicing mindfulness, but what you will find out is waiting for your experience to reveal with its fruit. The truth is not in the words, the truth is in non-attachment to everything that impedes a direct experience of what is.
soulsingssoulsings
The "four noble truths" was the first sermon he gave after gaining enlightenment. I know it as "The Sermon at Benares" or "The Sermon of Setting the Wheel of Dhamma in Motion" a.k.a. the Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta. – ChrisW♦ Oct 27 '14 at 23:14
Thank you Chris. It inspired me to look further for the quotation and found the one I was referring to. – soulsings Oct 28 '14 at 0:00
That quotation is from the Kalama Sutta. – ChrisW♦ Oct 28 '14 at 0:07
Actually @ChrisW ... fakebuddhaquotes.com/… – yuttadhammo Oct 28 '14 at 5:50
@yuttadhammo My apologies: "that paraphrase is from the Kalama Sutta." – ChrisW♦ Oct 28 '14 at 11:05
Given this definition of "dogma"
a principle or set of principles laid down by an authority as incontrovertibly true
If the four noble truths were "dogma", that would mean that statements which deny the four noble truths would not be called Buddhist, and doctrines which denies the four noble truths would not be Buddhism.
Texts like the Kalama Sutta imply that Buddhist doctrine is meant to be helpful, and good to experience:
When adopted & carried out, they lead to welfare & to happiness.
I'd like to say that Buddhist doctrine is not dogmatic, but there are places where the Buddha says that he's perfectly sure that what he says is true.
In the comments to other answers I was trying to understand, whether "dogma" is "blind faith", or whether our personal experience is that it's "incontrovertibly true", or whether Buddhist doctrine defines it as "incontrovertibly true" by definition.
There are places, times, roles for "faith" in Buddhism -- see:
Wikipedia's article about Faith in Buddhism
The second half of this answer (describing faith in Buddhism) and other answers to that question
I was wondering about the cause-and-effect of it:
Do we believe it only after we experience it to be true?
Or must we believe it even before we experience it to be true?
Looking in the Kalama Sutta to see how or whether the Buddha "proves" his doctrine, IMO the following is where that argument has a hinge. Immediately after this paragraph,
Of course you are uncertain, Kalamas. Of course you are in doubt. When there are reasons for doubt, uncertainty is born. So in this case, Kalamas, don't go by reports, by legends, by traditions, by scripture, by logical conjecture, by inference, by analogies, by agreement through pondering views, by probability, or by the thought, 'This contemplative is our teacher.' When you know for yourselves that, 'These qualities are unskillful; these qualities are blameworthy; these qualities are criticized by the wise; these qualities, when adopted & carried out, lead to harm & to suffering' — then you should abandon them.
"What do you think, Kalamas? When greed arises in a person, does it arise for welfare or for harm?"
"For harm, lord."
My guess is that's an example of dependent co-arising, of the Kalamas' previous experience (or their understanding of "greed") being combined with the Buddha's question. So they accept his doctrine.
You might agree that they were right to accept his doctrine: that their choice was skillfully made.
But I'm not sure you can call it "incontrovertibly true" that greed arises for harm and not for welfare. Some modern people might argue that people's economic desires are what drive and shape the free market. That, for example, the "greed" of the founders of StackExchange is a reason why this site exists.
You could counter that argument by saying, "that's not greed: that's right livelihood."
Still I suppose that doctrine is not "incontrovertibly true". Instead some people choose it etc., and it requires skill (right view, wisdom, etc.) to apply it properly.
I think that Vishwa Jay's answer suggests that it's a way, a guide (or several guidelines), a recipe.
On paper, Buddhism has no dogma, and the Kalama Sutra is often cited as evidence of this. Other teachings with a non-dogmatic flavor are...
The Parable of the Poisoned Arrow
The Parable of the Raft
The Fetter of Views
However, is this true in practice? How do most Buddhist react to dogma? What happens when you walk into a Buddhist Temple (or forum) and express doubt about the Buddha's enlightenment, the nature of Nirvana, Rebirth, Karma and so on? My experience has been that dogma rears its ugly head then.
In fact, one can read some dogmatism into the Wisdom part of the 8-fold path, as some state that belief in Karma and Rebirth are a key part of wisdom. For that matter, some people treat the 4 Noble Truths as propositions to be believed. What if you were to look into your experience and find that the 4 Noble Truths don't hold? Would a typical Buddhist accept this? Would s/he instead claim that the 4 Noble Truths are some kind of law (which sounds suspiciously dogmatic)?
This should come as no surprise. Dogma is a style of thinking, not a particular body of thought. Therefore, nothing is immune. There are dogmatic people of every stripe -- Christian, atheist, Buddhist, scientific, etc... People tend to cling to views, put a premium on believing "the right" things, and react badly to skepticism.
Buddhism isn't magical. It's a philosophy (or religion, depending on your view) and the sangha is made up of people. And people have the same shortcomings everywhere. There's nothing about being Buddhist that magically makes the sangha immune to the rest of the follies that plague humanity.
R. BarzellR. Barzell
Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged mindfulness teaching four-noble-truths or ask your own question.
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Home Politics Nothing to worry about CAB, Modi’s message to Assam
Nothing to worry about CAB, Modi’s message to Assam
After the violent protests in Assam opposing the Citizenship (Amendment) Bill, Prime Minister Narendra Modi comforted the people of the State that they have nothing to worry about the new law.
With the tweets in both Assamese and English, the Prime Minister said he personally and the Central government are “totally committed to constitutionally safeguard the political, linguistic, cultural and land rights of the Assamese people as per the spirit of Clause 6.”
Clause 6 of the Assam Accord guaranteed to safeguard local rights, language and culture.
“I want to assure my brothers and sisters of Assam that they have nothing to worry after the passing of CAB Mr Modi wrote on the microblogging site.
He said, “No one can take away your rights, unique identity and beautiful culture. It will continue to flourish and grow.”
Numerous events of violence have been reported from the northeastern state following the passage of the Bill by Parliament on Wednesday night. The law seeks to grant citizenship to non-Muslim refugees from Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan facing persecution there.
Guwahati, the epicentre of anti-CAB protests, was placed under indefinite curfew on Wednesday night while the Army was called in at four places and Assam Rifles personnel were deployed in Tripura as the two northeastern states plunged into chaos over the hugely emotive Citizenship (Amendment) Bill or CAB.
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Jennifer West: Emoji Piss Film, installation view, Contemporary Art Museum St. Louis, September 7–December 30, 2018. Photo: Dusty Kessler.
Emoji Piss Film
Sep 7 – Dec 30, 2018
In a time when human expression is conveyed through character gestures rather than the written language, emoji are intended to illustrate, or in some cases replace, the words we digitally share, whether through text message, email, or tweet. These quick, gestural, and disposable icons exist as a digital index. Through the medium of film, artist Jennifer West sets out to counteract and deconstruct this language.
A Los Angeles-based artist, West has been making experimental films consistently since 2004. She is known for her handmade digitized films, manipulating the film celluloid through performance and conceptual practices. For CAM’s Street Views, West’s Emoji Piss Film is compiled from Google image search results for emoji. The film, which the artist refers to as a “historical document,” was initially shot in 2014, and then placed in large kombucha jars filled with urine collected from artists and friends within her community. The liquid was used to soak and corrode the celluloid, slowly eating away at the film’s emulsion. The film was then transferred to digitized HD video.
Having shown her films on such exterior spaces as New York City’s High Line, West continues to explore the insertion of art into the public context with Street Views. Other significant commissions include Aspen Art Museum and the Turbine Hall at Tate Modern in London, and her work is included in numerous public collections including the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, the Yuz Museum in Shanghai, and the Kadist Art Foundation in Paris.
Jennifer West: Emoji Piss Film is organized for the Contemporary Art Museum St. Louis by Misa Jeffereis, Assistant Curator.
Street Views is generously supported by the W H I T A K E R F O U N D A T I O N.
View all tracks
Experimental filmmaker Jennifer West to exhibit next Street Views on CAM’s facade in fall
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Canada Builds 150
July 1, 2017 July 2, 2017 gramblor Build
The Beaver, Our National Animal
Jason Alleman’s mechanized beaver, with a smaller beaver model built beside it. Instructions for both of these models can be found on his website, http://www.jkbrickworks.com
The lowly beaver has strong roots to Canadian history, and over time, the world’s second-largest rodent has established itself firmly as the national animal, and one fo the most prominent symbols for Canada. How fitting that Jason Alleman of JK Brickworks and ParLUGment decided to pay tribute to Canada by building a mechanized version of the beaver, complete with chomping teeth and smacking tail.
The beaver, being widely-spread across Canada, has historically been tied to many Native American cultures and traditions. To the Blackfoot people, the Beaver is a symbol of wisdo;, the cree people have legends about the beaver creating a dam so large that it flooded the world; and the Ojibwe tell tales about how the beaver got his tail from flattening it underneath a tree. Often the beaver has represented industriousness and efficiency, but sometimes also selfishness, building dams with little consideration for his surrounding environment.
In Canada, the early French settlers and explorers, the courier-de-bois, hunted the beaver and the beaver was one of the prime economic motivators for the development of Canada. The Hudson’s Bay Company did the same, establishing outposts across the country seeking to harvest the many natural bounties across Canada, with the beaver taking a prominent spot. The beaver’s slick fur was prized for hats and other garments, while its meat was often cooked and eaten (not to be confused with the modern confection of the BeaverTail, a large deep-fried piece of dough smothered in chocolate or other treats). Even its rectal sacs were coveted for castoreum, an important ingredient in the early days of making perfume.
With Canada turning 150, the beaver serves to remind Canadians of our history and attachment to and history with our land. Some aboriginal groups even now see the beaver as a symbol of what their people have lost. Canada’s colonial history is largely written in deals that were made with the First Nations people of Canada in search of beaver pelts, with deals that heavily favoured European colonialist motivations.
The debate continues to this day about the controversy of Canada turning 150, with many groups of people, including at official celebrations on Canada Day in our nation’s capital. There are many complex issues to be resolved, as Canada has had its fair share of dark chapters in history. Perhaps the beaver is continuing to do it’s lowly work in a new way, then, as it stirs debate and hopefully one day, reconciliation among Canadians. Perhaps one day all Canadians may celebrate the many histories that make Canada so great, and drive us to heal wounds – those of the past 150 years of nationhood, beforehand, as well as those beyond today.
Tagged animals, culture, exploration, history, native canadian history
Published by gramblor
I play with LEGO bricks for a living! View all posts by gramblor
It’s Bud the Spud from the Bright Red Mud
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Captions Quotes
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Short Motivational and Inspirational Quotes Captions for Instagram
32+ Savage Captions for Instagram, Girls, Boys
What are Captions? Instagram, Facebook Captions for friends (2019)
Best Instagram Captions - Savage, Sassy, Selfie, Motivational
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Eric Ngalle: A Hymn to Tolerance (Film)
Eric Ngalle Charles will help present this short film that touches upon his life from his early years in his native Cameroon, through some troubled times when he was a displaced person, trafficked to Russia, and his eventual escape, finding refuge and asylum at last in Cardiff, Wales. With film, poems in Bakweri and English and Q&A.
The film-maker Greg Lewis says:
My friend, Eric Ngalle Charles, and I have long-cherished a dream to turn his words and poetry into a film-hymn to tolerance and understanding.
– Greg Lewis
£5, or £3 with concessions
Eric Ngalle
Eric Ngalle Charles is a Cameroon-born writer, poet, actor and playwright based in Wales. A fellow of the leadership network British-American Project, he currently sits on the Board of Directors for Literature Wales. Ngalle Charles is one of the Hay 30 young writers who will help shape the world over the next three decades. He holds a Creative Wales Award from the Arts Council of Wales for his research into migration, memory and trauma.
A recent work is the Wales Cameroon anthology Hiraeth-Erzolirzoli. His plays have been performed at London Southbank Centre, Hay Festival, Llandeilo Festival and many more. He has published a moving memoir, I, Eric Charles, with Parthian books and has performed his poetry throughout the United Kingdom and Europe.
One of Jackie Kay’s selected writers for the International Literature Showcase:
‘His voice reaches out across the divides, across the lands, from Cameroon, to Russia to the UK taking it all in.’ – Jackie Kay
Eric Charles features in the Friday the 14th 7:30 pm Open Mic Merthyr and in his own event featuring a film made by Greg Lewis 12:30-1:30.
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EURUSInstitute of European, Russian and Eurasian Studies
Search Institute of European, Russian and Eurasian Studies Magnifying glass
Get to Know EURUS
History of EURUS
EURUS Areas of Research
MA in European, Russian and Eurasian Studies
Dual Master in European Studies
Graduate Diploma in European Integration Studies
EURUS Graduate Calendar
BA in European and Russian Studies
Bachelor of Global and International Studies
EURUS Undergraduate Calendar
Russian Writing Contest
Student Experience Abroad
EU Study Tour and Internship Program
EU Study Tour 2020
Jean Monnet Chair (Democracy)
Jean Monnet Chair (EU Relations with Russia and Eastern Neighbourhood)
Centre for Governance and Public Management
EURUS Employment Opportunities
Past Event! Note: this event has already taken place.
Georgia Towards The West: Challenges and Opportunities
May 12, 2016 at 11:30 AM to 1:00 PM
Location: Alumni Hall, Room 617 Robertson Hall
Georgia is a vibrant Eastern European country uniquely sitting astride various geopolitical and geo-economic crossroads and linking Europe with Asia and Middle East. In this context, David Zalkaliani, First Deputy Foreign Minister of Georgia, will offer his insight on Georgia’s current outlook in relation to the West – especially, EU and NATO – and explore the ongoing domestic reform agenda. Refreshments will be served.
David Zalkaliani is the First Deputy Foreign Minister of Georgia. His considerable experience in formulating foreign policy and continuous commitment to Georgia’s Foreign Service, counting over two decades, will bring an intimate viewpoint on Georgia’s role in the region as well as highlight the country’s foreign policy aspirations.
Institute of European, Russian and Eurasian Studies
3304 Richcraft Hall
Hours: 8:30am-12:00pm and 1:00pm - 4:30pm, Monday to Friday
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Facing gentrification: Residents have their say
Historic Contributor
Gentrification and austerity seem to have been the buzzwords of the last few years for media outlets everywhere.
But do Brixton residents feel as strongly as the news would have us believe?
As prices continue to soar and the debate rages on, we hit the streets to ask Brixton residents to share their experiences of change in the area.
Leona, 38, designer
“The shops are changing. We’re getting a different clientele coming through Brixton. Prices are going up, the rent’s going up.”
“As a business owner, you always know that change is inevitable, but at the same time I feel for the people that live in Brixton. Where have they gone and what are we doing to help them?”
(On Brixton Village) “I was under the impression that these shops were for local people, for small independent businesses. It doesn’t feel very local.”
“The rents go up every year, so slowly but surely they’re edging the ones that can’t afford it out.”
Josh, 27
“I quite like gentrification, but at the same time it’s quite sad to see lots of people come into an area, and prices go up because of it.”
Baba, 38
“We’ve seen property prices go up, we’ve seen a lot of rejuvenation, new buildings coming up. And at the same time, we’ve seen displacement of locals that had been living here for quite some time”
“New people are coming in, it’s turning into a middle-class enclave”
“They could rejuvenate the place without having to displace people that had been there.”
William, 52, Conscious Prince
“Change is good, but sometimes you must not forget the people that were here for generations, especially from the West Indies, that came here to work over the years.”
“They’re getting pushed away, the prices are getting high. There’s a whole regeneration going on just now in Brixton. If you can’t afford to pay the rent, you’re out.”
“I don’t have a problem with change, but I think when you change you must include the people that were there.”
Kate, 26
“I welcome gentrification as long as Brixton still keeps its character. As long as there’s a balance it’s fine.”
Mr Malik, 24, fishmonger
“In 2008 or 2009 it was so dangerous, we weren’t safe before.”
“Now we can stay open until 3 o’clock tonight, and we won’t have any problems”
Brixton Market
Previous articleTulse Hill celebrates past and future of Brixton community
Next articleRec users voice fears over future ownership
‘Progress’ on Duke of Edinburgh ahead of licensing hearing
Council withdraws ad hoardings plans for consultation
Historic Brixton pub warns that licence objections could close it
Facing gentrification: Residents have their say – Angus Peters 17 January, 2016 at 1:05 pm
[…] The original article can be found here: https://brixtonblog.com/facing-gentrification-residents-have-their-say/33565 […]
Young Brixton entrepreneur meets worldwide web creator Tim Berners-Lee
A virtual reality trip round Brixton’s heritage
Linda Quinn - 6 January, 2020
Composting, kitchen gardening and kids’ stories, not to mention a rousing wassail to kick off the new year – they are all happening at...
Contributor - 22 December, 2019
How can we all source good nutritious food this Christmas to feed our families? Finding fresh fruit and veg at affordable prices that has not...
Linda Quinn - 19 December, 2019
Brixton’s people and businesses have, once again, come together to help those who are lonely and in need at the worst time of year...
Linda Quinn - 10 January, 2020
Brixton’s Black Cultural Archives (BCA) is organising a public meeting in Lambeth town hall for anyone affected by the Windrush Scandal on Saturday 18...
Support We Rise hit fundraising target
We Rise, a Brixton social enterprise, needs your support to raise £12,000 over the next couple of weeks to run its 2020 Youth Connect Programme...
Windrush Day pioneer relaunches Great Black Britons campaign
Contributor - 27 November, 2019
The 100 Great Black Britons campaign create by Patrick Vernon OBE – who was also a leader of the campaign for Windrush Day –...
Grilling Levi Roots
Operation Big Wing: 42 arrested in Lambeth police raids
Brixton Campaign: Ban/Boycott Brixton Starbucks
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DEC launches Nepal Earthquake Appeal
27 Apr 2015•Emergencies, Press releases
Age International and other leading UK aid agencies have launched an appeal with the Disasters Emergency Committee (DEC) to help survivors of the devastating Nepal earthquake.
The DEC Nepal Earthquake Appeal is being fronted by actress Joanna Lumley, a long-time Age International and Age UK supporter.
Ms Lumley says: ‘Like so many others watching the shocking images from Nepal over the last few days, I’m deeply saddened by events and my thoughts are with all those struggling to survive.’
‘The Nepalese are a resilient people but this catastrophe has hit them very hard. They’re desperately in need of life-saving help and I hope British people will support us.’
Older people vulnerable
Saturday’s 7.8 quake struck west of the capital Kathmandu. The death toll has risen above 3,600 and is expected to rise still further with 5.3 million people living in areas hit by severe shaking. Aftershocks have been felt with remote villages still to be reached, cut-off by landslides and communications wiped out.
Chris Roles, Director of Age International, says: ‘As is so often the case following emergencies, older people are among the most vulnerable. They find it more difficult to flee; are less able to carry possessions with them; and are more susceptible to the cold and hard floors on which they are sleeping.’
We are aiming to deliver essential temporary shelter and healthcare and to replace destroyed possessions, such as blankets, mattresses, clothing and cooking equipment.
Emergencies, Press releases
DEC appeal, earthquake, Nepal, Nepal Earthquake
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The Top Ten: Our most popular items of the week
By Richard Dunham on June 29, 2008 at 8:52 PM
Every week, Texas on the Potomac features The Top Ten, a list of your favorite postings on the previous week. Just click on the embedded links to check out the stories. Here are the top ten items for the week ending June 28…
Good friends: Gramm with McCain.
1. Barack Obama calls on Congress to close the so-called Enron Loophole and his campaign blasts former Texas Sen. Phil Gramm, a top adviser to John McCain, on the day the Houston Chronicle has an exclusive story on Democrats blaming Gramm for high oil prices and collapsing home values..
2. How will Ross Perot be remembered? On his 78th birthday, we featured a Texas on the Potomac poll on that issue, and you are still clicking on this link.
3. Waco congressman Chet Edwards says he’s humbled to be mentioned as a possible Democratic vice presidential candidate.
4. Which Texan would make the best vice presidential candidate? Thus far, you prefer Republican Sen. Kay Bailey Hutchison, with Chet Edwards running second (and Gov. Rick Perry last). You can still vote in the Texas on the Potomac Poll by clicking here.
5. What do you think of Rick Perry? It’s clear from our Texas on the Potomac poll that a lot of you have very strong opinions. So far, “an absolute embarrassment” is the runaway winner. You can still vote by clicking here.
6. Our Texas on the Potomac poll on leading Democratic vice presidential possibilities was popular but inconclusive. No candidate held a clear lead, though your favorites were John Edwards and Wesley Clark. Actually, the leader right now is “none of them–I’m voting for John McCain.” Weigh in by clicking here.
7. Opinion is divided on whether Phil Gramm’s actions on Capitol Hill contributed to high gas pump prices or the housing crisis. You can still vote in the Texas on the Potomac poll by clicking here.
8. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi touts Chet Edwards for VP. We have reaction and video.
9. John Cornyn’s softball team edges Kay Bailey Hutchison’s squad, 21-20, in the annual Texas Senate grudge match. Catch the game highlights here.
10. Rep. John Culberson, R-Houston, blasts wind energy executives who look for government subsidies for their industry. By the way, Culberson is running against a wind energy exec this year.
Richard Dunham
U.S. Politics Video
Latest from the Texas delegation
Live updates from your Congressional delegation
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Former OFCCP Acting Director Craig Leen Formally Announced as Director
On December 26, 2018, the Department of Labor formally announced that Craig Leen, formerly Acting Director of OFCCP, was named the Director of OFCCP. Leen took over for former Director Ondray T. Harris after he stepped down from the position in July...
DCI Among 2018 Human Resources Today MVP Winners
On December 5, 2018, DCI won second place in the 2018 Human Resources MVP Awards for Employment Law. The MVP Winning Post, The New Compensation Directive: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly, was written by DCI President David Cohen and Director of EEO...
Directive 2019-03: Opinion Letters and Help Desk
Directive 2019-03 aims to enhance the established, and well utilized, OFCCP Help Desk. Last year, Help Desk received over 2,600 inquiries and OFCCP aims to increase its efficiency. Help Desk is a compliance assistance tool designed for providing...
Directive 2019-02: Easy Resolution Procedures
Directive 2019-02 establishes OFCCP’s Early Resolution Procedures (ERP) and outlines general guidelines for implementation. The ERP is intended to aid contractors with multiple establishments in developing corporate-wide corrective actions to meet...
Directive 2019-01: Evaluation Procedures
With the release of Directive 2019-01, OFCCP rescinded the previously used Active Case Enforcement directive (DIR 2011-01) or ACE. The directive directs both staff and the contractor community to utilize the Federal Contractor Compliance Manual...
Directive Friday: Clarifying OFCCP’s Compliance Procedures
OFCCP issued 3 new policy directives today, November 30, 2018. All directives were announced under the purview of ‘advancing clear and efficient compliance’ and providing federal contractors with greater certainty on how OFCCP conducts compliance...
2019 Looks to be A Busy Year for OFCCP (and Contractors)
In 2018, under the leadership of Acting Director Craig Leen, OFCCP began its journey of transparency. We saw it reflected in the release of a Contractor Bill of Rights, nine (9) new Directives by the agency and a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU)...
EEOC Holds Public Meeting to Discuss Harassment Prevention
On October 31st, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) held a public meeting at agency headquarters on the topic of harassment. Titled "Revamping Workplace Culture to Prevent Harassment," this meeting brought together several...
Help Is Here! Task Force Releases Documents to Enhance Compliance with California Equal Pay Act
California is leading the country in its momentum to address gender pay inequity—as evident by the passing of the California Fair Pay Act (CFPA) in October 2015 and the September 2018 release of guidance for employees, employers, and unions on its...
Rewarding Employers who Recruit, Employ, and Retain Our Nation’s Heroes
DOL has announced its new HIRE Vets Medallion Award Program that allows employers to be publicly recognized for their commitment to recruiting, hiring, and retaining veterans (program fact sheet). Known as the HIRE Vets Act, the Act was enacted by...
OFCCP Releases Notice for Public Comment on Leadership in Equal Access and Diversity (LEAD) Award
On October 19, 2018, OFCCP released a notice asking for public comment on its proposed Leadership in Equal Access and Diversity (LEAD) Award. The LEAD Award is a joint effort from OFCCP with the DOL’s Women’s Bureau to “recognize contractor best...
Affirmative Action in District Court: SFAA v. Harvard
Affirmative Action in the educational admissions process is in the spotlight again. On October 15th, arguments began in the case of Students for Fair Admissions v. President and Fellows of Harvard College, in the U.S. District Court for the District...
AAP, Industry News
Recent OFCCP Settlements: The Hiring Trend Continues
On October 12th, OFCCP announced eight settlements that totaled approximately $1.5 million. Six of the settlements were related to hiring practices. Below is a brief description of each.
Penske Truck Leasing Co., L.P.: A Reading, PA location of...
OFCCP Offers Compliance Relief for Contractors Affected by Hurricane Michael
Craig Leen, Acting Director of OFCCP, authored a memorandum granting federal contractors a limited exemption & waiver from some required compliance efforts following Hurricane Michael. The memo details its intention to assist new supply & service...
Memorandum of Understanding between OFCCP & NILG
OFCCP has a released a “Memorandum of Understanding” (MOU) detailing the respective commitments that OFCCP and the National Industry Liaison Group (NILG) will make in furthering compliance assistance. The tone of this memo is in keeping with the...
David Cohen and Joanna Colosimo Published in Law360 Article
On October 1, 2018, DCI President David Cohen and Director of EEO Compliance Joanna Colosimo were published in Law360. Their expert analysis "A Closer Look at OFCCP's New Compensation Directive" can be read here: ...
Industry News, OFCCP, Pay Equity, Law360
Transparency on Audit Trends
In line with the current objective of transparency, OFCCP has publicly shared with federal contractors the scheduling methodology for identifying establishments to audit, parameters for requesting an extension to submit materials for a desk audit...
VETS-4212 Deadline Fast Approaching
The deadline for filing your 2018 VETS-4212 reports is fast approaching, on September 30th. At this time, federal contractors and subcontractors with a contract or subcontract of $150,000 or more are required to file these reports.
As a reminder,...
Another Day Another Directive (or Two)
OFCCP released two new directives today, bringing the total number of directives issued since August 10, 2018 to seven. OFCCP had only issued 14 directives total, prior to this year.
The first new directive (Directive 2018-08) outlines efforts to...
Texas v EEOC: DOJ Weighs in on Technicalities
Briefly, the Department of Justice (DOJ) weighed in on the appeal to the State of Texas v. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) district court ruling from February. The main crux of the submitted brief re-asserts that Texas has no standing...
EEO Case Law
OFCCP Seeks to Simplify Process For FAAP Agreement Requests
In an effort to increase contractor participation in the functional affirmative action program (FAAPs), OFCCP proposed a new directive simplifying the process for FAAP agreement requests. This proposed directive comes after Craig Leen, Acting...
What to Expect in a Focused Section 503 or VEVRAA Review
OFCCP regularly audits federal contractors for compliance with Executive Order 11246, Section 503 of the Rehabilitation Act, and the Vietnam Era Veterans’ Readjustment Act. According to Directive 2018-04, a portion of compliance evaluations...
Section 503, VEVRAA
OFCCP Releases 750 CSAL Letters – What You Need to Know
On September 7, 2018, OFCCP announced the release of 750 Corporate Scheduling Announcement Letters (CSALs).
Here’s what you need to know:
Contractors receiving a CSAL should theoretically have, at least, 45 days advance notice prior to receiving a...
Religious Directive: What is a Contractor to Do?
When President Trump took office almost two years ago, one of his first acts was to issue a freeze on new and pending regulations. Since then, OFCCP has released a flurry of directives (sub-regulatory guidance) and guidance related to compliance and...
New Round of CSALs Sent Out – Be on the Lookout
The following information was published on the OFCCP website today, September 7, 2018: https://www.dol.gov/ofccp/regs/compliance/faqs/csalfaqs.htm
750 CSAL letters were mailed to contractor establishments on September 7, 2018, as a supplement to the...
The New Compensation Directive: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly
In light of the new OFCCP compensation Directive released on Friday August 24, 2018, DCI has done a deep dive into the specifics outlined in the Directive as well as the accompanying FAQs. Although this Directive appears to be more transparent...
OFCCP Releases Directives on AAP Verification Initiative and Contractor Recognition Programs
In addition to its new directive on compensation, today OFCCP released a directive on its Affirmative Action Program Verification Initiative and its Contractor Recognition Program.
Here is an overview of each Directive:
Directive 2018-06...
OFCCP Releases New Compensation Directive
Today, August 24, 2018, OFCCP released a new compensation directive to outline its standard procedures for reviewing contractor compensation practices during a compliance evaluation. This directive replaces OFCCP Directive 2013-03 (known as...
Video Blog: 2018 Mid-Year Review - What to Know About OFCCP
DCI President David Cohen and Director of EEO Compliance Joanna Colosimo come together to go over recent OFCCP news and how the rest of 2018 is looking for the industry.
Industry News, Video Blog, OFCCP
Video Blog: Comparing Apples & Oranges: Similarly Situated Employee Groupings vs. OFCCP Pay Analysis Groups
DCI President David Cohen sits down with Director of EEO Compliance Joanna Colosimo to chat about the difference between similarly situated employee groupings and OFCCP pay analysis groups.
Video Blog, Pay Equity
New Directive by OFCCP
OFCCP releases a new directive on focused reviews. Read the directive here.
VETS-4212 Website is Active for 2018 Filing Season
The Department of Labor has opened the VETS-4212 reporting website for the 2018 filing season, which officially started on August 1st and continues through the filing deadline of September 30, 2018. The Veterans’ Employment and Training Service...
OFCCP’s ‘Contractor Bill of Rights’ Released
OFCCP Acting Director Craig Leen announced the release of a fact sheet on ‘What Federal Contractors Can Expect’ at the opening ceremony of the National ILG conference in Anaheim, CA last week.
The document outlines the key themes from Leen’s...
Contractor Certification Program Announced by Craig Leen
On Friday August 3, 2018, Acting OFCCP Director Craig Leen announced OFCCP’s development of a contractor certification during the closing remarks of the National ILG conference in Anaheim, CA. Leen discussed the System for Award Management (SAM)...
Ondray T. Harris is Leaving OFCCP
Ondray T. Harris, Director of OFCCP at the U.S. Department of Labor, is stepping down as of July 27th, 2018 according to Bloomberg Law. The reason for his resignation was not disclosed and comes after less than 8 months on the job.
Craig E. Leen,...
DCI Consultants Lisa Harpe, Ph.D. and Sarah Gilbert, M.S., Published in Law360
On July 18, DCI Consultants Lisa Harpe, Ph.D. and Sarah Gilbert, M.S., were published in Law360 for their co-written article "Employee Performance Ratings: Tainted or Sainted?". To read the full article, visit the Law360 site here: Employee...
DCI Consultant Cliff Haimann, Ph.D. Published in Law360 Article
On July 2, 2018, DCI Consultant Clifford Haimann, Ph.D. was published in Law360 for his article "Limitations Of Human Capital Theory In Pay Equity Analyses". Read the article here: Limitations Of Human Capital Theory In Pay Equity Analyses
Industry News, Pay Equity, Law360
Save the Date: March 24, 2019
DCI Consultants Rosemary Cox, M.S., and Amanda Shapiro, M.S., discuss the March 24, 2019 deadline and what your organization can do to prepare.
OFCCP Extends TRICARE Moratorium
Today the U.S. Department of Labor issued a press release about the publication of a new OFCCP Directive extending the enforcement moratorium relating to the affirmative obligations of TRICARE providers for two years. This moratorium has been in...
Trust. Communication. Training. - OFCCP's New Action Plan
OFCCP recently released its action plan to address three common themes identified during multiple meetings with the contractor community: Trust, Communication, and Training. Committing to a focus on quality, consistency, and transparency OFCCP...
The Secret Sauce: OFCCP Releases Methodology for Scheduling List
As previously reported, Corporate Scheduling Announcement Letters (CSALs) were released in February, with a wave of scheduling letters from certain offices following in March. The methodology used to develop this scheduling list of establishments...
EEO-1 Deadline Has Been Extended
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The Entrepreneur's Guide to Venture Capitalists
Written by Sean Higgins
@higg1921
Impress your investors with a fleshed out business plan.
Get the Free Template
There's no doubt about it — startups are expensive. If you're looking to validate a market, prove out a pricing model, or put together the right team, you'll need resources. Time and money are among the most important, and the more you have of one, the less you need of the other.
Businesses with small burn rates often don't require much funding to get started because they're cash efficient. However, those pursuing larger opportunities in a competitive space are fighting for every second on the clock.
If you're in need of funding, one option is to work with a venture capitalist. But, what is a venture capitalist? And is it the right funding option for you?
How Does Venture Capital Work?
Venture capital firms raise money from individual investors, known as limited partners. Firms then use those funds for typically-high interest investments in startups. The hope is that those companies go public or get acquired. If that happens, a company pays the firm back for its investment and accrued interest. Then, the limited partners get their money back — plus interest and minus the VC firm’s fee.
A venture capitalist (VC) is an investor that works with high growth potential startups. They can offer you access to resources and know-how to grow your business faster than you could on your own.
Venture capitalists invest outside equity from professionally managed pools of money. This isn't your uncle Bob writing your business a check for $10,000 — this is someone who invests in new startups every day.
The funds come from a group of limited partners (LPs) from whom the initial fund was raised. And the total amount raised by a fund often tells you what type of investment stages they're interested in.
However, a VC is more than a check — at least a good VC is. Venture capitalists are partners in your venture, and while they provide you with a check, the most value they can bring to the table comes from their direction and industry knowledge.
Venture capitalists work with a lot of businesses. They’re good at pattern matching, identifying issues other companies have faced, and recognizing when you're experiencing similar problems.
A venture capitalist often sees hundreds of businesses every year but only works closely with a handful of them.
This gives them experience in understanding founder dynamics, conflict management, scaling a team with various sales channels, and ultimately taking your business from point A to point B.
This is why companies that are looking to make as much progress as quickly as possible often need to take the venture capitalist route.
Depending on where your startup is based you may have different options available to you for connecting with venture capital funds. Here is a list of some of the top funds in the U.S. grouped by region:
1. Openview
Region: East Coast
Noteworthy investments: Lessonly and Workfront
Openview works with companies of all kinds to help with their expansion stage and go-to-market strategy. With over $5 billion under management, its portfolio includes more than 200 companies in technology and healthcare.
2. Bessemer
Noteworthy investments: LinkedIn, Pinterest, and Twitch
Bessemer works with early-stage companies in the consumer, healthcare, and enterprise industries. The firm helped one portfolio company bring in $25 million in a new pipeline and $5.9 million in closed-won deals after building out its BDR team.
3. Union Square Ventures
Noteworthy investments: Quizlet, Soundcloud, and Kickstarter
Union Square Ventures works with larger companies that have successfully established an engaged user-base. Since 2004, it has invested in over 100 companies across the world.
4. First Round Capital
Region: West Coast
Noteworthy investments: Beautiful AI, Birchbox, and Mint
First Round Capital is called First Round for a reason — it works with seed, pre-seed, friends and family, angel investments, or anything in between. It doesn’t have a specific industry or sector focus.
5. SaaStr Fund
Noteworthy investments: SalesLoft and TalkDesk
SaaStr Fund works with four to five up-and-coming companies per year, investing anywhere from $1 million to $5 million per deal. It only invests in companies that are a part of the SaaStr.com community.
6. Sequoia
Noteworthy investments: Airbnb and Dropbox
Sequoia started partnering with companies at every stage of growth in 1972. The companies they've invested in now have an aggregate public market value of over $3.3 trillion.
7. Matrix Partners
Noteworthy investments: Hubspot, Quora, and Zendesk
Matrix Partners works in early-stage investing, backing founders building companies across B2B, infrastructure, and consumer technology. It has invested over $4 billion and has had over 110 profitable acquisitions.
8. Hyde Park Ventures
Noteworthy investments: G2 Crowd and Shipbob
Hyde Park Ventures funds early-stage technology companies in the Midwest. The firm focuses on investing in technology companies with B2B SaaS and consumer marketplace business models.
9. Matchstick Ventures
Noteworthy investments: Inspectorio, Branch, and Upsie
Matchstick Ventures invests where innovative ideas, huge markets, and diverse founders strike. It makes a point of supporting businesses with tenacious founders, lots of potential, and underdog mentalities. The firm acts as a catalyst for the founders, partners, and startup communities it serves.
10. Foundry Group
Noteworthy investments: Techstars and Yesware
Foundry Group focuses on seed and Series A investments in technology companies throughout the US and Canada. The firm is comprised of thematic investors looking for new businesses that fit specific sectors, including sales productivity and seed acceleration.
A venture capital funding is a financing event where the lead investor is a venture fund. The lead investor sets the terms of the round with the company and acts as the primary negotiator. They set the valuation of the business before the infusion of capital. That's known as the pre-money valuation.
In a venture capital funding, the lead investor often contributes the most money for the funding round. They oversee the negotiations and formalities of the round, including determining board structure and employee option pool availability.
Having a venture fund lead your financing round dramatically increases the speed and likelihood of closing it.
How to Get Venture Capital
Be prepared before you try to get money
Have your pitch ready
Keep track of your investor pipeline
Pick the right amount to raise for your round
1. Be prepared before you try to get money.
Every company — even an early-stage one — has the ability to de-risk its business to some extent. For example, you could build a prototype of your software to show its feasibility and get feedback until you're ready for pre-sales of your product.
The point here is you should try to de-risk the business as much as possible. Validate that your technology works well and that your customers want it. Then, the investment starts to feel like more of an opportunity and less of a handout. Some ways to de-risk your business include:
Early customer traction or pre-sales: making substantial sales before the initial product launch
Product readiness: having your product closer to a beta or 1.0 launch than a prototype
Operating history: demonstrating that you can capably your business for a period of time
Team composure: having all the main functional areas covered in-house — on both the tech and business fronts
You can have the flashiest, most captivating pitch in the world, but most VCs won’t be interested if there aren’t hard results behind it.
Make sure the business and product ends of your company are sound before you pursue funding. If those aren’t in a good place when you walk into a VC firm, your pitch probably won’t survive its scrutiny.
2. Have your pitch ready.
The main material in most early-stage financing conversations is your investor deck. A good deck will communicate what you do in 30 seconds. It explains the problem clearly and shows your solution from a high level with a demo. Finally, it should dive into the traction, differentiation, and the market opportunity you're pursuing.
There are several ways to present this information for maximum effect. For more information on how to put together your early stage investor deck take a look at these templates from HubSpot.
Remember, shaking hands and exchanging pleasantries may be the first communication you have with investors, but your pitch is the real first impression you make. And if you don’t do well, you may not get another one.
Even though some VCs are inclined to make riskier investments, securing funding from them is still a matter of trust. VCs want to believe in your vision, practicality, and work ethic before they invest. You want them to know you can deliver results.
With VCs, you’re not pitching a concept — you’re pitching a product, a company, and yourself.
Anyone can have a great idea; very few can actually make something of one. You need definitive proof that you’re one of the latter. Very few VCs will be willing to invest in your imagination alone.
If you come in and confidently demonstrate that your business is well-structured, well-run, with a lot of heart and tremendous upside, you’re putting yourself in the best position to get funded.
Nailing your investor deck and pitch itself is a big part of how you get there.
3. Keep track of your investor pipeline
This step is often overlooked. An investor pipeline is typically a spreadsheet or CRM pipeline that lays out who you'd like to talk to, why you'd like to talk with them, and key details behind their fund like how much they’ve raised or their average check size.
You'll want to do your homework here to only include funds that invest in companies like yours at this particular stage. Meeting with investors who only do consumer investments when you're B2B or who only do B round deals when you're raising a seed just won't cut it.
This is worth staying on top of. With venture capital, it’s important to understand where you want to go and who’s the most likely to get you there. A big part of wooing VCs is staying level headed and decisive. Actively maintaining your investor pipeline can be crucial to keeping yourself on track.
4. Pick the right amount to raise for your round.
What goes into deciding on a number? If that number is the amount of money you're looking to raise, the answer is an awful lot.
Your fundraising number says a lot about how long you think you have until you run out of cash, when you'll need to fundraise again, and how far along you are in your funding journey.
Seed stage companies that set out to raise $1.5 million or more generally wind up hitting that number less than seed-stage companies who set out to raise only $750,000.
It's important to have a sound understanding of your business' needs and preferred trajectory in order to identify the figure that is going to get you where you want to go.
Angel Investor vs. Venture Capitalist
Angel investors are individuals that invest in startups. Unlike venture capitalists — who deploy funds on behalf of their limited partners — angel investors put up their own money. They play a large role in the early-stage financing process. Many are actually successful entrepreneurs and supporters of the startup ecosystem.
The benefit of working with an angel investor, if they're relevant to your market and product, is that they can provide relevant advice and make solid connections with other investors. Every startup community has some sort of angel investor presence.
When working with angels, ask them about other companies they've invested in. You should always know if an angel investor’s strengths line up with your needs. For instance, an angel might be great at investing in sales productivity software but hasn’t had as much luck with gig work applications.
You can also backchannel with other founders and startup community members to get a better understanding of specific angels.
When you have these kinds of conversations, be sure to talk to a diverse array of founders who took angel investments. This could mean reaching out to some founders whose businesses made it and others who saw less success.
This might give you a feel for which angels will be the most supportive if times get tough.
Angels also often don’t have minimum investment requirements. But that doesn’t mean you have to do the same. Raising $500,000 off of $10,000 checks will waste time and energy your business is going to desperately need early on.
Setting minimums on your financing round shows both VCs and angel investors that you value your time and take yourself seriously.
If you're looking to go far and move fast, then venture capital might be the route for you. If you have a big market opportunity, a good team, a stellar product, and the willingness to put in the work, you’re in a good position to land an investment from a VC.
With new ventures, everyone starts at zero. Success is just a matter of how quickly you level up.
To learn more about startups, read about startup burn rates next.
Originally published Dec 13, 2019 3:55:00 PM, updated December 13 2019
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Canon Celebrates 30th Anniversary Of EOS Camera System
My readers know I am The Wildlife Ho-tographer and have used Canon equipment for over a quarter of a century. Throughout the years, I have embarked on many worldwide photo tours testing numerous pieces of Canon equipment. I recently came back from a Wildlife Photo Tour of Japan with the EOS-1D X Mark II camera. You can follow my travels on Facebook and Twitter. See my equipment bag and works on MichaelDanielHo.com
This year, Canon is celebrating the 30th anniversary of the launch of its Electro Optical System (EOS), which includes EOS-series interchangeable-lens cameras and a diverse range of system accessories. The system debuted in March 1987 with the launch of the EOS 650 SLR camera and EF lenses, making EOS cameras the World’s first to incorporate an electronic mount system, representing a new generation of auto focus SLR cameras.
EOS is an acronym of “Electro Optical System” and is also fittingly the name of the Greek goddess of dawn. A total of 98 EOS models have been produced since 1987 (35 film cameras and 63 digital).
Currently, the EOS system, including the Cinema EOS system, comprises 24 models with a selection of 97 EF lenses.
To mark this milestone, Canon is displaying a range of cameras and lenses from the EOS archive on its stand at The Photography Show, including the EOS 650 and the EF 1200mm f/5.6L USM, the world’s longest focal length and largest aperture lens. Visit Canon on stand D141/E131 at The Photography Show from 18th – 21st March at the NEC in Birmingham.
For what to expect from Canon for the remainder of 2017 and beyond, read my earlier post.
EOS System Milestones
1987 EOS 650, EF 35-70mm f/3.5-4.5, EF 35-105mm f/3.5-4.5, EF 50mm f/1.8 announced
1989 EOS-1 launched, Canon’s first professional Autofocus camera
1994 EOS 5 launched with eye tracking AF system
2000 EOS D30 Canon’s first in house digital camera
2001 EOS-1D launched first Canon in house digital professional camera
2003 EOS 300D launched first consumer DSLR for under €1000
2005 EOS 5D first low cost full frame DSLR announced
2008 EOS 5D Mark II first DSLR to feature Full HD movie recording
2012 Launch of Cinema EOS range of professional digital video cameras
2012 Launch of EOS-M range of mirrorless cameras
2015 80 million EOS cameras produced milestone achieved
2016 120 million EF lenses produced milestone achieved
Canon Announced Firmware Updates For Many Camcorde...
Canon Maintains Top Spot In Interchangeable Lens D...
Canon EOS-5D Mark IV Camera New Firmware Update
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On the 17th March 2016, the Philippines announced their accession to the Hague Convention of 25 October 1980 on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction. As of March 2016, 94 states are party to the convention. The Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction’s mission is to protect the world’s most…
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One of CARI’s Managing Directors speaking on issues relating to Japan and The Hague Convention. Japan Kyodo News: FEATURE: Ex-special forces soldiers recover kids caught up in custody battles William Hollingworth. Kyodo News 11 December 2015 KYODO English (c) 2015 Kyodo News LONDON, Dec. 11 — A security expert who specializes in the safe…
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Curtain Call Playhouse
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Carol Kassie
~ Theatrical Marketing & Public Relations
Tag Archives: Michael Scott Ross
A FUNNY THING HAPPENED ON THE WAY TO THE FORUM Opens November 23rd in the Rinker Playhouse
Posted by Carol Kassie in Clients, MNM Theatre Company
A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum, Aaron Bower, Alexandra Dow, Alexandra Van Hasselt, Ashley Rubin, Burt Shevelove, Elijah Pearson-Martinez, Frank Francisco, j Savage, Johnbarry Green, Jonathan Van Dyke, Kravis Center, Larry Gelbart, Lauren Cluett, Meg Frost, Meredith Pughe, Michael Scott Ross, MNM, MNM Theatre Company, musical comedy, Paul Reekie, Paul Thompson, Plautus, Sean William Davis, Stephen Eisenwasser, Stephen Sondheim, Terry Hardcastle, Troy Stanley, Victoria Joleen Anderson
MNM Theatre Company and the Kravis Center
co-present
A Funny Thing Happened
on the Way to the Forum
Opening November 23rd in the Rinker Playhouse
“Something familiar… Something peculiar…
Something for everyone: A comedy tonight!”
Contact: Carol Kassie
carol@carolkassie.com / 561-445-9244
WEST PALM BEACH, FL: The cast and crew of A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum are deep into rehearsals and preparation for the show’s November 23rd opening. Forum, an MNM Theatre Company co-presentation with the Kravis Center, will run in the venue’s Rinker Playhouse through December 8th.
Light, fast-paced, witty, irreverent, and completely politically incorrect, A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum is one of the funniest musicals ever written. Based on the works of the Roman playwright Plautus (254 – 184 BCE), whose comedies are the earliest Latin literary works to have survived in their entirety, the show focuses on Pseudolus, a crafty slave who struggles to win the hand of a beautiful but slow-witted courtesan named Philia for his young master Hero in exchange for freedom. The plot twists and turns and is filled with cases of mistaken identity, slamming doors, and a showgirl or two. A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum allows MNM’s terrific ensemble of comedic actors to shine.
Jonathan Van Dyke
The production’s director, Jonathan Van Dyke is extremely enthusiastic about the show: “I am so enjoying taking this riotous trip to the Forum with MNM and I know this cast would make Titus Maccius Plautus proud!” he says. “They’re all welcoming this material with open arms and are going to supply our audiences their denarius worth of hilarity!”
“This is the first musical for which Stephen Sondheim wrote both the music and the lyrics,” Paul Reekie, Forum’s musical director explains. “Some people find Sondheim’s later works more difficult to enjoy because they are musically dissonant, but Forum has traditional harmonies and many of the songs are eminently hummable! MNM is again proud to have an amazing six-piece band for the show.”
Johnbarry Green
“It’s a farce, effortlessly shifting the audience from humor to biting social commentary on a dime all while throwing lyrics and lines as speedily as it can,” says Johnbarry Green, who plays A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum’s Pseudolus “It’s the reason I love the piece and why it’s so challenging. Every moment has to be carefully constructed to walk that delicate edge, otherwise they can fail contextually. That’s why it’s such a crowning achievement when it works.”
Along with Green as Pseudolus, the Forum cast includes Michael Scott Ross* as Hysterium, Aaron Bower as Domina, J Savage* as Hero, Terry Hardcastle* as Marcus Lycus, Troy Stanley as Senex, Sean William Davis as Miles Gloriosus, Paul Thompson as Erronius, and Meg Frost as Philia. Other cast members include Victoria Joleen Anderson, Lauren Cluett, Alexandra Dow, Stephen Eisenwasser, Frank Francisco, Elijah Pearson-Martinez, Meredith Pughe, Ashley Rubin, and Alexandra Van Hasselt.
A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum will run from November 23 – December 8. (There will be a preview performance on November 22nd.) The production will take place in the Rinker Playhouse at the Kravis Center. Tickets are $39 – $55 and are on sale now. For tickets and information call 561-832-7469; online: kravis.org or mnmtheatre.org. For group rates and sales call 561-651-4438.
MNM Theatre Company attained not-for-profit 501(c)(3) status in 2018. They are an award- winning theatre company based in the Raymond F. Kravis Center for the Performing Arts. For more information about MNM Theatre Company please visit mnmtheatre.org or contact Carol Kassie at Carol@CarolKassie.com / 561-445-9244.
*Appearing through the courtesy of Actors’ Equity Association, the Union of Professional Actors and Stage Managers in the United States.
A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum
November 23 – December 8
(Preview performance November 22 at 7:30)
Book by Burt Shevelove and Larry Gelbart
Music and Lyrics by Stephen Sondheim
For Tickets: mnmtheatre.org / kravis.org / 561-832-7469
Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, & Saturday at 7:30 pm (no Thanksgiving night performance)
Wednesday, Saturday & Sunday at 1:30 pm
Tickets: $39 – $55
All performances in
Rinker Playhouse at the Kravis Center
701 Okeechobee Blvd.
About the Raymond F. Kravis Center for the Performing Arts:
The Kravis Center is a not-for-profit performing arts center located at 701 Okeechobee Blvd. in West Palm Beach, FL. The Center’s mission is to enhance the quality of life in Palm Beach County by presenting a diverse schedule of national and international artists and companies of the highest quality, by offering comprehensive arts education programs – serving approximately 2.5 million schoolchildren since its inception; by providing a Palm Beach County home for local and regional arts organizations to showcase their work; and by providing an economic catalyst and community leadership in West Palm Beach, supporting efforts to increase travel and tourism to Palm Beach County. To enhance and elevate the customer experience, the Center has embarked upon a $50 million capital campaign to support a campus redesign and facility expansion that will create a more accessible, comfortable and pedestrian-friendly venue for the community. Aptly named Kravis 2020: The Future is Now, this campaign is at the heart of the Kravis Center’s vision for the future. For information, please visit kravis.org or call the Box Office at 561.832.7469.
MNM Theatre Company Announces the Cast of A FUNNY THING HAPPENED ON THE WAY TO THE FORUM
A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum, Aaron Bower, Alexandra Dow, Alexandra Van Hasselt, Ashley Rubin, Burt Shevelove Larry Gelbart, Dom Ruggiero, Frank Francisco, Johnbarry Green, Joshua Graham, Kravis Center, Laura Plyler, Lauren Cluett, Marcie Gorman, Meg Frost, Meredith Pughe, Michael Scott Ross, MNM Theatre Company, Paul Reekie, Paul Thompson, Rinker Playhouse, Sean William Davis, Stephen Eisenwasser, Stephen Sondheim, Terry Hardcastle, Troy Stanley, Victoria Joleen Anderson
MNM Theatre Company
Announces the Cast of
“This brazenly retro Broadway musical, inspired by Plautus, is
almost as timeless as comedy itself.”
Vincent Canby, The New York Times
WEST PALM BEACH, FL: The Kravis Center for the Performing Arts and MNM Theatre Company are pleased to announce that casting is complete for their upcoming co-production of A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum, which will run from November 22 – December 8 in the Kravis’ Rinker Playhouse.
“Forum is such a fun show,” MNM’s Executive Producer/Artistic Director Marcie Gorman said recently. “And we’re incredibly lucky to have found a cast who can sing and dance and deliver the comedy – and what comedy! The script is hilarious and clever, and often extremely politically incorrect… and of course the music is Sondheim’s…we can’t wait to share it all with our audiences! Once again, our entire cast is local and we’re very proud of that.”
Dom Ruggiero, who directed I Love You, You’re Perfect, Now Change, and My Way-A Musical Tribute to Frank Sinatra for MNM last season, will helm A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum.
Ruggiero has cast Johnbarry Green as Pseudolus, Michael Scott Ross* as Hysterium, Aaron Bower as Domina, Terry Hardcastle* as Marcus Lycus, Troy Stanley as Senex, Sean William Davis as Miles Gloriosus, Paul Thompson as Erronius, and Meg Frost as Philia. Other cast members include Victoria Joleen Anderson, Lauren Cluett, Alexandra Dow, Stephen Eisenwasser, Frank Francisco, Joshua Graham, Meredith Pughe, Ashley Rubin, and Alexandra Van Hasselt.
Paul Reekie will serve as Forum’s Musical Director, and Laura Plyler will provide additional choreography.
A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum will run from November 22 – December 8. The production will take place in the Rinker Playhouse at the Kravis Center. Tickets are $39 – $55 and are on sale now. For tickets and information call 561-832-7469; online: www.kravis.org or mnmtheatre.org. For group rates and sales call 561-651-4438.
MNM Theatre Company attained not-for-profit 501(c)(3) status in 2018. They are an award- winning theatre company based in the Raymond F. Kravis Center for the Performing Arts.
For more information about MNM Theatre Company and/or Marcie Gorman, please visit mnmtheatre.org or contact Carol Kassie at Carol@CarolKassie.com / 561-445-9244.
Photos, graphics, and additional head shots and bios available on request.
Saturday & Sunday at 1:30 pm
mnmtheatre.org
Johnbarry Green (Pseudolus) appeared as King Arthur in MNM’s production of Monty Python’s Spamalot. Other credits include Rock of Ages with Slow Burn Theatre Company as Dennis, Spitfire Grille at Palm Beach Dramaworks as Caleb, and West Side Story at Maltz Jupiter Theatre as Officer Krupke. Occasionally you’ll find him hamming it up on the streets at various ren faires or giving walking tours in Massachusetts when he isn’t in a show.
Michael Scott Ross* (Hysterium) has appeared in several previous MNM productions including Monty Python’s Spamalot, The World Goes ‘Round, Avenue Q, and I Love You, You’r perfect, Now Change. He has also performed throughout South Florida at Zoetic Stage, The Adrienne Arsht Center, The Wick Theatre, Palm Beach Dramaworks, Island City Stage, The Alhamba Theatre and Dining, The Winter Park Playhouse, TheatreZone, and most recently the Gulf Coast Symphony. Michael can be seen portraying Dick Van Dyke in The Music of Julie Andrews, as well as in his cabaret show My Broadway: The Roles I Could Play. Proud member of AEA, Wagner College Alum, and native New Yorker!
Aaron Bower (Domina) was recently seen as Irene in Crazy for You and Grace in
Annie at the Wick Theatre. She received a 2018 Carbonell nomination for her portrayal of Murial in Dirty Rotten Scoundrels at Stage door Theatre. Other credits in Florida include Frau Kost in Cabaret at Maltz Jupiter Theatre, Dorothy Brock in 42nd Street at The Wick, Sarah Brown in Guys and Dolls at The Wick, and Tess in Crazy for You at the Maltz. She has traveled the world in three national tours and one European Tour.
Terry Hardcastle* (Marcus Lycus) is a three-time Carbonell Award-winner. His regional theatre credits include Actors’ Playhouse: Beauty and the Beast, Doubt: A Parable. Zoetic Stage: Sweeney Todd. Palm Beach Dramaworks: Side by Side by Sondheim, Sweeney Todd. Florida Stage: End Days, Sisters of Swing. Mosaic Theatre: In a Dark, Dark House, True West. Cumberland Theatre: Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf. As a Professor of Theatre, he’s taught Acting and Public Speaking at Virginia Commonwealth University, University of Pittsburgh, New World School of the Arts, and Broward College.
Troy Stanley (Senex) played Eduoard Dindon in MNM’s production of La Cage aux Folles. Other credits include West Side Story (Doc) and Disney’s Newsies (Mr. Jacobi/Mayor) at Maltz Jupiter Theatre, 1776 (McKean/Hewes) at Palm Beach Dramaworks, Big River (Pap Finn) and Titanic (Isador Straus) for Slow Burn Theatre Company, Who Killed Joan Crawford? (Harvey) and Perfect Arrangement (Theodore Sunderson) for Island City Stage, Victor/Victoria (Squash) and The Rothschilds (William/Metternich) for Broward Stage Door, and eleven shows at the Wick Theatre including Funny Girl (Tom Keeney/Mr. Rinaldi), Annie with Sally Struthers (Drake), Brigadoon (Andrew MacLaren), Beauty and the Beast (Maurice), Oklahoma (Andrew Carnes) and Man of La Mancha (The Governor) among others.
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Jack Becker
They Light Up My Memory
Vernon Jordan, III
On Depression, and Light
Anne Thorp
Erasing "Pals"
Cate Root
Nonfiction Community
Two Prefects, Touching
His name is Michael. We go to the same New England boarding school, and we are co-Prefects in our dorm of twenty-eight other teenage boys. He’s straight, I’m gay, and we’re just friends, nothing more. There’s no longing from me, or discomfort from him—we’re just two guys who serve as Prefects in a dorm together who also have a habit of holding and cuddling each other for hours at a time. We do it so well that we get surprised when other people think it’s weird.
We’ll be in his room, or we’ll be in mine. It’s become commonplace for one of us to enter and just crawl into bed with the other. He’ll have an arm around me as we’ll lie on his bed watching Game of Thrones; I’ll be nestled against his side with my head on his chest while we discuss his issues with girls, my issues with guys. Sometimes he’ll be wearing a shirt, sometimes not. I’ll always be fully clothed, but it’s not like that matters.
There is nothing sexual between Michael and me. Of course we’ve joked about it, and at one point decided that if we did end up having sex with each other, it’d be done ironically. After a couple months of our cuddling gig, though, I decided it’d be different. “Now that I think about it,” I told him one time sitting up in his bed, “if we did have sex, it wouldn’t only be ironic anymore. It’d be, like, incestuous.”
Michael laughed. “Maybe.”
“Well you are like my brother, you know,” I told him, rubbing his shoulder.
“I don’t think brothers do this much cuddling.”
“That’s a shame,” I said. “Maybe they should.”
I wonder sometimes what a boy in our dorm would think if he walked into one of our rooms to find his two Prefects—one openly gay, the other openly straight—entwined on a bed. Would they understand that nothing sexual was going on? Could they comprehend the mechanics of what Michael and I have, or is what we have too simple?
One night, while Michael and I were holding each other in his bed, I watched his lips as he talked. I noticed the small gaps between his teeth, the way his mouth stayed open when he paused. And then I said: “Can I ask you a question that might be uncomfortable, but just for the sake of argument?”
“Sure,” said Michael.
“What would you say to a guy like me—you know, a gay guy you’ve been cuddling with—if one time he just kissed you on the mouth. Like, would you be angry?”
“No,” he said. “But, I mean, I’d be bummed. I’d be like, ‘Aw, man, we had a nice thing going.’ So yeah. I wouldn’t be… be mad, but I’d be bummed. You know?”
“Yeah,” I said, feeling warm against my friend. “Me too.”
At the end of a play by Nicky Silver, a man writes a letter to his mother about a moment he shared with his lover in bed after sex. His lover, naked and asleep, had his body against the son’s, and that was what the son remembered. Not the sex, or the kissing—the touch. “That’s it,” he tells his mother in the show’s final lines. “We were two people, touching.” And that’s what Michael and I are every time we visit one another in each other’s rooms. Two people—straight, gay, teenage boys, seniors in high school, Prefects of a dorm, whatever—touching. And there’s nothing more to it than that. Or anything more beautiful, either.
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Nonfiction Community | On Screen
Why I Loved the "Brooklyn" Sex Scene
1950s Irish immigrant drama? Yes, please.
Kyle Amato
My Love Letter To Chvrches
Lauren Suval
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Launched This Week: February 20th-24th
A roundup of stories from our week together at Catapult.
Nicole Chung
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Things you can enjoy on holidays
Stacia Nelson
Nonfiction Community | Retreat
Bed-rest and Reflections..
YaYa ginlover
Nonfiction Community | End It Now?
You can do this!
No one is going to call the wedding police
It's your day - have it your way.
Emma Britton
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The Endearing, Rugged Charm of Leeds
Julie Kovar
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John B. and Mary K. McDiarmid Lectureship
In 2000-2001 the Department of Classics initiated a series of lectures in honor of former Professor John McDiarmid and his wife Mary. John came to the University of Washington in 1949 and as Chair was instrumental in expanding the graduate program to include the Ph.D. in 1960. Mary not only supported John in his life's work but also made a significant contribution to the vitality of the department in her own right. In recognition of their dedication to the success of the department and of the crucial role they played in its growth, we have established the John B. and Mary K. McDiarmid Lectureship. For further information about Professor McDiarmid's life and career, click here.
As part of the lecture series, each visitor not only gives a public lecture but also offers a separate seminar to our graduate students to discuss trends in the field of Classics and current issues pertinent to our discipline. The visits have been both successful and highly popular, particularly as the graduate students choose the speaker and run the event with the assistance of our graduate program coordinator.
Thanks to the generosity of many donors, we have reached the first critical stage in the process of fully endowing the lectureship: we have received the $25,000 needed to set up the endowment. In order to fund the annual event fully, the endowment will need to ultimately grow to $75,000. If you would like to help us reach that goal by making a contribution in honor of John and Mary, please contact the chair, James Clauss.
Past John and Mary McDiarmid Lecturers
2020 Emily Wilson (University of Pennsylvania) Re-translating Homer (2019-20 McDiarmid Lecture)
2019 Leslie Kurke (Univ. of California, Berkeley) Sappho on Papyrus: Reading Some New Poems
2018 Sharon James (UNC Chapel Hill) Reading Women's Experiences in New Comedy
2017 Alessandro Barchiesi (NYU) -- John B. and Mary K. McDiarmid Lecture Virgil's Geopoetics
2016 Gregory Nagy (Harvard) A rethinking of Sappho in the light of the newest fragments
2015 Sarah Iles Johnston (Ohio State) Wondering About, and Wondering At, Metamorphosis in Ancient Myth
2014 John Marincola (Florida State) Plutarch and the Character of History
2013 Maria Wyke (University College, London) Antiquity in Silent Cinema
2012 James J. O'Hara (North Carolina) Teaching, Pretending to Teach, and the Authority of the Speaker in Roman Didactic and Satire
2010 Cynthia Damon (Pennsylvania) Pliny's Planetary Theory: Soundings
2010 Tim Whitmarsh (Corpus Christi, Oxford) Unscrolling the Text: Greek Literature and the Hellenistic Diaspora
2008 Peter Bing (Emory) Inscribed Epigrams In and Out of Sequence or "Valorous-hearted as well were they who fought at Eïon"
2007 Patricia Rosenmeyer (University of Wisconsin, Madison) From Syracuse to Rome: The Travails of Silanion's Sappho
2006 Catharine Edwards (Birkbeck College, University of London) Silent Protest: The Politics of Death in Tacitean Rome
2005 Diskin Clay (Duke University) The New Empedocles
2004 David M. Halperin (Michigan) How to Destroy the History of Sexuality
2004 Denis Feeney (Princeton) Transitions into History: Founding and Refounding, the City or Rome
2002 Helene Foley (Barnard) Choral Identity in Greek Tragedy
2002 Simon Goldhill (Cambridge) Artemis and Greek Culture in the Roman Empire: Structuralism, Polytheism, and Mess
2001 John Henderson (Cambridge) Love in Copenhagen: Thorvaldsen's Museum
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Video Games & Gaming
Published by Christina Gough, Aug 12, 2019
A video game is an electronic game that can be played on a computing device, such as a personal computer, gaming console or mobile phone. Depending on the platform, video games can be subcategorized into computer games and console games. In recent years however, the emergence of social networks, smartphones and tablets introduced new categories such as mobile and social games. Video games have come a long way since the first games emerged in the 1970s. Today’s video games offer photorealistic graphics and simulate reality to a degree which is astonishing in many cases.
Video games are a billion-dollar business and have been for many years. In 2019, the video game market in the United States was valued at 19.72 billion U.S. dollars. What is important is that the first generation of gamers is now grown up with significant spending power. Despite high penetration rates among kids, video games can no longer be considered solely child’s play. In fact, it was found that video gaming is gaining popularity among the seniors in the United States. Fun and mental agility are among the main reasons cited by the older gamers as to why they choose this pastime.
Among the many prosperous representatives of the video game industry are the three major players that have been in the game for decades and remain in the leadership positions as of 2017. Those three are: Sony , Microsoft, and Nintendo. Sony’s PlayStation 4 is the bestseller among current generation consoles. In 2019, the unit sales of the console are slowly moving towards the 100 million mark. All three gaming brands are also the most recognized among gamers in the United States, with Nintendo being the frontrunner.
Statista’s exclusive Global Consumer Survey holds further information on the video gaming habits of U.S. internet users (18 years and older). While 23% don’t play video games at all, almost 20% spend more than 10 hours per week playing video games. The favorite games genres in 2019 were action, strategy and action-adventure. The most popular store for hard copy video games was GameStop, while Amazon was the most popular store for digital/online video game purchases.
This text provides general information. Statista assumes no liability for the information given being complete or correct. Due to varying update cycles, statistics can display more up-to-date data than referenced in the text.
Interesting statistics
In the following 6 chapters, you will quickly find the 59 most important statistics relating to "Video Game Industry".
Statistics on the topic
U.S. overview
Hardware market and ownership
Value of the video game market in the U.S. in 2017
18.4bn USD
Consumer spending on gaming in the U.S. in 2018
Mobile games revenue in North America in 2019
10 bn USD
Value of the global video games market 2012-2021
Video game consumer market value worldwide 2011-2021, by distribution
Games industry M&A transactions cumulative value worldwide 2010-2016
Customer preferred gaming platforms according to gaming companies worldwide 2016
Number of video gamers worldwide 2014-2021
Number of video gamers worldwide 2018, by region
Show all statistics (6)
U.S., Canada and Mexico gaming revenue in 2018
Value of the video game market in the U.S. from 2011-2020
Annual revenue of the U.S. video game industry 2016-2018, by segment
Revenue of the U.S. video game industry 2017-2019
Consumer spending on gaming in the U.S. from 2010 to 2018, by segment
Number of game console users in the U.S. 2012-2017
Digital games industry revenue in North America 2017-2019, by category
Gaming subscription reach in the U.S. 2016
Game revenues of global companies 2014-2018
Tencent: segment revenue distribution 2014-2018
Sales and revenue of Sony worldwide by business segment 2012-2018
Activision Blizzard's revenue from 2015-2018, by platform
Revenue of Microsoft broken down by segment 2012-2019
Apple, Google, and Microsoft: revenue comparison 2008-2018
EA quarterly digital revenue Q3 2013-Q2 2020, by platform
NetEase online game revenue China 2013-2018
Net sales of Namco Bandai by segment worldwide from 2015 to 2019
Nintendo: revenue 2016-2019, by product
Gaming brand recall in the U.S. 2016
Show all statistics (11)
Global home consoles hardware sales 2014-2018
Global handheld consoles hardware sales 2014-2018
Gaming peripherals market revenue in 2016, by component
Lifetime global unit sales of video game consoles as of February 2019
U.S. consumer awareness of selected current generation console brands as of 2017
Preferred video game devices in the U.S. 2019
Home console brand ownership among gamers in the U.S. 2016
Amount spent on gaming hardware according to U.S. gamers 2016
Monthly hardware revenue of the U.S. video game industry 2017-2019
Nintendo Wii and Wii U console sales 2007-2018
Sony unit sales of PlayStation consoles 2011-2019, by quarter
Software revenue of the U.S. video game industry 2017-2019
Genre breakdown of U.S. video game sales in 2018
All-time best selling console games worldwide 2019, based on unit sales
Best selling PC games of all time worldwide as of February 2019
Top selling Nintendo Wii games worldwide in 2019
Top selling Nintendo DS games worldwide in 2019
Top selling Nintendo 3DS games worldwide in 2019
Most played games on Steam 2018, by peak player count
Global all time unit sales of Fallout franchise games as of February 2019
Global all time unit sales of Grand Theft Auto franchise games as of February 2019
Frequency of gaming in the U.S. 2017
Share of U.S. adults frequently playing video games 2017, by gender
Share of U.S. adults frequently playing video games 2017, by age group
Share of U.S. adults frequently playing video games 2017, by ethnicity
Time spent with a game console in the U.S. 2014-2017
Leading locations for video game purchases in the U.S. 2016
Paid PC games possession in the U.S. 2016
Paid home console games possession in the U.S. 2016
Favorite genres of console games played in the U.S. 2016
Amount spent on gaming accessories according to U.S. gamers 2016
Amount spent on gaming merchandise according to U.S. gamers 2016
Amount spent on in-game purchases according to U.S. gamers 2016
Dossier on the topic
All important statistics are prepared by our experts – available for direct download as PPT & PDF!
Go to report
Important key figures
The most important key figures provide you with a compact summary of the topic of "Video Game Industry" and take you straight to the corresponding statistics.
Nintendo - the most recognized gaming brand in the U.S. in 2016
Nintendo's Switch revenue in 2019
1028bn JPY
Microsoft's revenue in FY2019
125.84bn USD
Microsoft's global revenue 2002-2019
Sony's revenue in 2018
ATVI net income in 3rd quarter 2019
204mn USD
Activision Blizzard's quarterly net income/loss Q3 2012- Q3 2019
2nd wealthiest person in the video game industry in 2016
William Ding (NeTEase)
Video game industry's wealthiest entrepreneurs 2016
Show more factsHide
Hardware and ownership
PlayStation 4 owned by most U.S. gamers in 2016
Xbox One the second most popular console in the U.S. in 2016
Consumers spent more than 250 USD on gaming hardware in the U.S. in 2016
PlayStation 2 - the highest lifetime unit sales globally as of 2016
157.7mn
Physical video game sales in the U.S. in 2015
5.3bn USD
Physical retail sales of video games in the U.S. 1996-2015
Action genre sells most video games in the U.S. in 2018
Wii Sports all-time highest-selling console game worldwide
82.65mn units
CoD: Modern Warfare 3 the best-selling edition in the franchise as of 2019
Toys-to-life industry revenue worldwide in 2017
6.02bn euros
Toys-to-life industry revenue worldwide 2013-2020
Video gaming reach among consumers in the U.S. in 2015
Share of U.S. consumers playing video games 2015
Monthly time spent per capita with a game console in the U.S. in 2nd quarter 2017
Consumers who own between 11 and 20 paid PC games
Consumers who own between 11 and 20 paid console games
Interesting Statista reports
MMO and MOBA gaming
Infographics on the topic
Other studies on the topic
Gaming in the U.S.
Mobile gaming in the U.S.
Gaming monetization
Do you still have questions?
Feel free to contact us anytime using our contact form or visit our FAQ page.
Steve Fuller
Get in contact now
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Focusing on European and International Affairs
Analysis of EU policies and education in European Affairs
EU Policies Analysis
European Affairs Training
Educational and professional international exchanges
Study visits in Italy
Work-placements in Italy
Erasmus+ project “Let’s go Green”
Erasmus+ project “Let's go Green”
June 15, 2019 by admin No comment(s) Erasmus+ projects
Promoted by the 1st EPAL of Neapolis with CO.EUR. European Consulting and Training as host partner in Italy. The project has been realised in Rome between 30/03/2019 and 13/04/2019. Number of participants: 6 Greek teachers and 40 students.
The training programme included seminars on the theme of circular economy, waste management, environment and climate, with researchers of ENEA (Italian National agency for new technologies, energy and sustainable economic development), engineers’ experts on waste management and photovoltaic energy, environmental experts of the Italian trade union CGIL.
Technical visit to the photovoltaic installation of the Parco della Mistica (the bigger photovoltaic installation in Rome), to the recycle companies Ricicla Centro Italia S.r.l., and Centrofer S.r.l., to the State Industrial and Technical Secondary Upper School “ITIS Giorgi”and to the Aesthetic school “Accademia Silvestrini”.
Cultural visits in Rome, Naples, Florence.
About the admin
Mr. Buoyega was born in one of Detroit’s poorest blocks, all before pursuing his successful managerial career in the future. For him, the breakthrough happened when he was able to get on Harvard University’s Law School list. After graduating from there, he was working for a few years for a number of multi-million dollar corporations, climbing up the corporate ladder and...
CO.EUR. participate as Italian host and intermediate partner in Erasmus+ projects for the organisation of training programme and work placements in company.
Recent Erasmus+ projects
Erasmus + project “Enhancing the learning mobility by developing innovative…
ERASMUS + Project “Empowering Youth Employability Through Mobility"
Erasmus+project "Basic principles and applications of Reflexology"
https://youtu.be/ZEyuI60qRzE
The Chinese Angle in the Troubles Among EU-US
By Urvashi Seth. Recently, in an interview, Jean Piere Raffarin, ex-Prime Minister of France said that the US-European Union alliance is on the…
India-EU relations: Rediscovering the ‘Old’ Relati…
By Urvashi Seth. India and European Union have a long history of diplomat relations which dates back to the 1960s. India was one…
EU-Asia relations- The change of EU needs?
The Sino-Italian Relations Under the BRI
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Browse up a level:Explore Health Care Careers Navigation menu for the following sub-section:
Cytotechnologist
By Education Length
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By Work Type
Careers A-Z
What does a cytotechnologist do?
Cytotechnology is the microscopic study of body cells to detect cancer, viral and bacterial infections, and other abnormal conditions. Cytotechnology techniques can identify precancerous or cancerous cells. The field is best known for the Pap test, an evaluation of cells from the cervix.
Cytotechnologists are lab professionals who evaluate patients’ cell samples and are trained to notice subtle changes to accurately detect precancerous, malignant, and infectious conditions. Cytotechnologists usually work closely with a pathologist.
Cytotechnologists focus on a general variety of diseases found by using a microscope to detect abnormalities in human body cells. A similar role, cytogenetic technology, focuses on disorders related to DNA mutations or abnormalities.
In a typical day, cytotechnologists work with pathologists by:
Using a microscope to examine the cells of the body
Interpreting cells collected from cytological techniques, such as a Pap test, as normal or abnormal
Detecting changes in human cells that indicate cancer, disease, or other abnormalities
Collaborating with a pathologist to provide a timely diagnosis to allow physicians to provide appropriate treatment
Cytotechnologists work in hospital labs, private labs, and universities. Their schedule is typically eight hour days, five days a week. They spend most of their time sitting at a microscope, and the repetitive hand motions required to work with microscopes may lead to carpal tunnel syndrome. It can also be a stressful work environment due to the demand for fast and accurate work.
Becoming a cytotechnologist
Individuals interested in becoming a cytotechnologist need to have a strong foundation in biology, chemistry, and math. They should enjoy independent, meticulous, and microscopic work, and be comfortable with a high degree of responsibility. Cytotechnology can provide great career satisfaction in a vital health care role.
Higher education requirements
To become a cytotechnologist, you need a bachelor’s degree in cytotechnology, biology, or the life sciences. Completing an accredited cytotechnology program and certification may also be required.
Career opportunities and outlook
According to a 2013 wage survey of laboratories conducted by the American Society for Clinical Pathology, average hourly pay for cytotechnologists ranges from $31.45 for staff cytotechnologists to $37.09 for cytotechnologist supervisors and managers. The average annual salary ranges from $64,416 to $82,556 a year depending on the job level.
Career opportunities for cytotechnologists are good. Jobs are open in both rural and metropolitan areas in all regions of the country. Positions are available in diagnostic cytology, as well as in research, education, and administration. New screenings and techniques have been and continue to be developed, creating new opportunities for cytotechnologists.
With further study and experience, a cytotechnologist may advance to a supervisory role or an educator.
years of higher education
job growth projected from 2016-2026
Cytotechnologist programs at Mayo Clinic
Mayo Clinic offers a one-year Cytotechnology Program in Rochester, Minnesota to prepare students for a career as a cytotechnologist.
Browse similar careers
Cytogenetic technologist
Histology technician
Medical laboratory scientist
Academics ▸ Explore Health Care Careers ▸ Careers A-Z ▸ Cytotechnologist
Careers in health care: Let us help you find your fit
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STAR TREK: YEAR FIVE #1: IDW Starts the Final Chapter
By Eric Rivlin
Ever since the original Star Trek was cancelled prematurely in 1969, there have been countless bits of media trying to complete the Enterprise’s five-year journey. From books, to an animated series, to fan films, Kirk’s five-year mission is truly ongoing.
IDW’s STAR TREK: YEAR FIVE takes a stab at this era of Star Trek’s history, showing the final days of their voyage in the final frontier. Written by Jackson Lanzing and Collin Kelly, STAR TREK: YEAR FIVE manages to capture the feel of the original series with some modern-style action pieces to spice things up. These scenes are beautifully brought to life thanks to the fantastic artwork by Stephen Thompson and Charlie Kirchoff’s colors.
Image courtesy of IDW Publishing.
Before you even open the comic, you’re greeted by a beautiful cover by veteran artist Greg Hildebrandt. Like any good cover, it makes you want to pick it up and admire its colors and details. Hildebrandt’s cover gives off retro sci-fi movie poster vibes — very appropriate for Star Trek. Now that the comic has your attention, how does it plan to keep it? With a shocker of an opening scene!
The comic opens with Kirk at the end of the line, while an unknown attacker has a phaser aimed point blank behind his head. How Kirk got into this situation, and how he’s going to get out of it, remains a mystery. We flash back to some point before this moment, where the crew of the Enterprise are trying to stop a cosmic-scale explosion from devouring a nearby planet. The mystery of the ominous opening stays on hold, at least for now. First, the crew has to investigate a distress call from the planet below.
It’s all pretty standard Star Trek stuff, but in my experience, the best Star Trek stories are the simpler ones. Stuff involving time travel and crazy grand-scale conflicts are great and all, but I prefer my Trek to be more straightforward. Planet’s about to go boom, they have to stop it, but there’s a mystery along the way. Nothing too crazy, and definitelya great way to kick off a first issue.
The Writing of STAR TREK: YEAR FIVE #1
All of the classic Star Trek tropes and lines are accounted for. The temptation to add these famous bits must be irresistible, but can you really blame the writers? If you’re writing McCoy, how do you resist having him say his famous “I’m a doctor, not a [whatever]” phrase? How do you add some guys in red shirts, and not kill them in five seconds? Lanzing and Kelly embrace these classic Trek tropes, and whether you find them charming or cliché is entirely up to you. I personally loved these references. I thought it was a smart way of re-introducing these characters and the tone of the original series. Make no mistake, the comic isn’t just fan service, though. As the Enterprise approaches her final mission, her crew is sure to go through some mixed emotions.
As the main character, you can expect Captain Kirk has a lot to say about this. He isn’t sure what he’ll do with himself once his voyage comes to an end. All this comes from a more disciplined version of Kirk. He’s less swashbuckling and carefree, but he still has that hunger for adventure. He’s more introspective and seasoned, similar to his portrayal in the films of the 1980s. This was a wise decision on Lanzing and Kelly’s part to show just how much five years can change a person. Spock gets his time to shine, as well. Appropriately, not much has changed with him. Hopefully, we get more insight into the rest of the cast’s point of view, and see how their four years in space have shaped their outlook on things.
The Art of STAR TREK: YEAR FIVE #1
While their perspectives may have changed, our characters’ appearances certainly have not. The likenesses of the original Star Trek cast are uncanny. Every character looks just as they should from all angles. Thompson was clearly going for a realistic approach, giving the reader the sense that they’re watching the final season of the original show. Also, the Enterprise herself is rendered with total show accuracy inside and out. It’s the dinner plate with jet engines that we all know and love. The alien designs are the only things that aren’t quite show-accurate, however. Instead of opting for something that looks like a rubber suit, Thompson decided to make more sleek and threatening creatures.
New Life, New Civilizations
Just like the aliens, the backgrounds are far more impressive than anything the show could have pulled off. Anyone could have used the cheap-but-charming aesthetic of the original show as an excuse to draw bland and boring backdrops. Instead, Thompson and Kirchoff take full advantage of the comic medium to create settings that a 1960s sci-fi show could only dream of having. The landscapes and buildings of this alien world look appropriately beautiful and dangerous. Even the windows of the Enterprise give us a look at the colorful swirls and sparks of space. Throughout all of this, the characters never look out of place with the more elaborate backgrounds. It’s Star Trek, through-and-through.
Final Thoughts on STAR TREK: YEAR FIVE #1
Every good first issue needs something to interest the reader in the rest of the series. STAR TREK: YEAR FIVE #1 has a great hook, awesome art, and a cast of familiar and lovable characters. Even if you’re barely a fan of Star Trek, YEAR FIVE is a blast to read. No matter how deep you are in the Trek fandom, keep an eye out for the rest of the issues as they come out, as well. You can pick up the first issue at your local comic book shop on April 24th of this year. You can pre-order it now on ComiXology.com, or wait for it to be released on IDW’s official site.
This is the ending Star Trek fans have been waiting for, and you don’t want to miss it.
STAR TREK: YEAR FIVE #1 BY JACKSON LANZING, COLLIN KELLY, STEPHEN THOMPSON, AND CHARLIE KIRCHOFF
This is a must-get for Star Trek fans, or anyone who just appreciates good art. It's not just a love-letter to the original Star Trek, it's a worthy continuation of the Enterprise's misadventures.
A SOLID START
TagsAdventureCharlie KirchoffclassicCollin KellyenterpriseGreg HildebrandtIDW publishingJackson LanzingkirkNeil Uyetakesci-fispacespockStar Trekstar trek year fiveStephen ThompsonTelevision
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Cigar Review: The Wise Man (El Güegüense) Maduro Robusto by Foundation Cigar Company
November 13, 2017 William Cooper Reviews No Comments 4.5 - Fight Chuck Norris for Them, 91-93, Foundation Cigar Company, Review
The Wise Man (El Güegüense) Maduro Robusto by Foundation Cigar Company
On the eve of the 2017 IPCPR Trade Show came word that Nicholas Melillo’s Foundation Cigar Company was releasing a maduro counterpart to its El Güegüense cigar called “The Wise Man”. El Güegüense was Foundation Cigar Company’s initial release. The name comes from the Nahuatl language (a Central American Indigenous language) which translates to “The Wise Man”. For the Maduro release, Melillo opted to make the English translation the primary name of the release. El Güegüense is a Nicaraguan puro that is produced at Casa Fernandez’s Tabacos Valle de Jalapa S.A. (TABSA) factory and features signature Aganorsa Corojo and Criollo tobaccos. With the Wise Man, the cigar utilizes a San Andres Mexican wrapper, the maduro wrapper of choice by TABSA. It would also mark Melillo’s first San Andres wrapper release with Foundation Cigar Company. Today, we take a closer look at The Wise Man in the Robusto size.
Closed Box of The Wise Man Maduro (Photo Credit: Foundation Cigar Company)
El Güegüense is also the name of a literary work that is very much a part of the fabric of Nicaragua culture. Back when the original El Güegüense was announced, we provided some background on the name and what it means
The name El Güegüense means “the wise man”, but it is also the name of a drama that is considered one of the oldest literary works in Nicaragua. It deals with rebellion from the native inhabitants against colonial rule against the Spanish Conquistadors during 16th century Nicaragua. Over time this play has continued to play a role in Nicaraguan culture. It is often performed in elaborate costumes.
Open Box of The Wise Man Maduro by Foundation Cigar Company
With our further ado, let’s break down The Wise Man Maduro Robusto and see what this cigar has to offer.
In addition to the San Andres Maduro wrapper, the blend features all-Nicaraguan tobacco for the binder and filler.
Wrapper: San Andres Mexican
Binder: Corojo ’99 (Jalapa)
Country of Origin: Nicaragua (Tabacos Valle de Jalapa S.A. – TABSA)
Vitolas Available
The Wise Man is available in five box-pressed sizes. Each is packaged in 25-count boxes.
Robusto: 5 1/2 x 50
Corona Gorda: 5 5/8 x 46
Toro Huaco: 6 x 56
Torpedo: 6 1/4 x 52
Churchill: 7 x 48
The Wise Man Maduro (Left to Right: Churchill, Torpedo, Toro Hauco, Robusto, and Corona Gorda); Photo Credit: Foundation Cigar Company
The San Andres Maduro wrapper of the Wise Man Maduro Robusto has a classic roasted coffee bean color to it. This was a smooth wrapper with some oil on the surface. There are some thin veins and most of the wrapper seams are well hidden. The box-press is a square Cuban-style soft-press.
The front of the band has a red square shape with gold trim. On the center of the band is an image reflective of the El Güegüense celebrations. Above the image is the text “THE WISE MAN” in white font. Just below that text is the text “EL GÜEGÜENSE” in a smaller white font. Below the image is the text “ESTELI, NICARAGUA”. The left and right of the band is blue with thick gold trim. as well as blue, gold, and red striping. There is a gold medallion on both the left and right side of the band closest to the front of the band.
Preparation for the Cigar Experience
Prior to lighting up the Wise Man Maduro Robusto, I commenced the cigar experience with a straight cut to remove the cap. I then proceeded with the pre-light draw ritual. The cold draw was simple, but flavorful as I detected a mix of coffee and cedar. Overall, I considered this to be a very good pre-light draw. At this point, I was ready to light up the Wise Man Maduro Robusto and see what this cigar would bring to the table.
The Wise Man Maduro Robusto started out with a mix of coffee, chocolate, cedar, and black pepper. Many times when chocolate and coffee notes are together, I will detect a fusion and refer to it as a mocha flavor, but with The Wise Man Maduro Robusto, these flavors were separate and distinct. The coffee notes moved into the forefront with the cedar, chocolate, and pepper notes receding in the background. The early stages also had a nice cream undertone as well. As the Wise Man Maduro Robusto burned through the first third, there were times the chocolate and (to a lesser extent) the cedar notes crept into the forefront. Concurrently, I noticed a slight mineral note in the background. As for the retro-hale there was a layer of black pepper spice and a slight amount of chocolate sweetness.
Later in the first third, I found the coffee notes in the forefront. As the Wise Man Maduro Robusto moved through the second third, the chocolate notes now were playing less of a role in the forefront. At the same time, the cedar and creaminess decreased and there was a slight increase in pepper.
By the last third of the Wise Man Maduro Robusto, some earthy notes were mixed in with the coffee notes in the forefront. The pepper and chocolate notes remained secondary with the cedar a bit further back. By this point, both the creamy and mineral components had disappeared. I really liked the way the flavors were in these latter stages of the Wise Man Maduro Robusto. When the cigar experience came to a close, I got a nub that cool and firm.
Burn and Draw
Overall, I found the Wise Man Maduro Robusto to be a low maintenance burn. The cigar had no problem maintaining a straight burn path. There was a slight amount of jaggedness from time to time, but this was easily remedied with some touch-ups and the amount of touch-ups needed was not excessive. The ash on the Wise Man Maduro Robusto was firm with a light gray color. Meanwhile, the burn rate and burn temperature were both ideal.
Burn of The Wise Man Maduro Robusto
The draw to the Wise Man Maduro Robusto was also excellent. This cigar’s draw had a touch of resistance to it – which is something that I like. This resistance seemed to work quite well with the box-press and made this an enjoyable cigar to puff on.
Strength and Body
From both a strength and body perspective, I found the Wise Man Maduro Robusto started out on the upper end of medium for both strength and body. There is a slight gradual increase in the intensity of both attributes, but it was enough to move the needle for strength and body to medium to full by the last third.
In terms of strength versus body, I found both attributes of the Wise Man Maduro Robusto balanced each other nicely with neither attribute overshadowing the other.
Since its launch in 2015, Foundation Cigar Company has been one of the hottest cigar companies out there. Foundation’s releases such as El Güegüense and The Tabernacle have been rated very highly by this website. When it comes to the Wise Man Maduro, this might just be Melillo’s best work at Foundation to date. TABSA is a factory that I have found is very good when it comes to working with San Andres wrapper and I enjoy the blends coming out of there. My biggest complaint of San Andres wrapper is its pungency, yet with the Wise Man Maduro, there is no pungency whatsoever. The result is an excellent cigar. It’s one that I would recommend to an experienced cigar enthusiast. At the same time, this is a great cigar for the novice looking to “graduate” to something medium/medium plus. As for myself, this is a cigar I’d smoke again. It’s not only worth picking up a box, but it’s one worthy of a battle with Chuck Norris.
Key Flavors: Coffee, Chocolate, Cedar, Black Pepper, Mineral
Burn: Excellent
Draw: Excellent
Complexity: Medium
Finish: Excellent
Assessment: 4.5-Fight Chuck Norris for Them
News: Foundation Cigar Company Launching The Wise Man (El Güegüense) Maduro at 2017 IPCPR
Brand Reference: Foundation Cigar Company
Photo Credits: Cigar Coop, except where noted
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HomeNewsGuildLocal 700’s Repola to Discuss ‘Problem Issues’ with New Contract in Podcast
Local 700’s Repola to Discuss ‘Problem Issues’ with New Contract in Podcast
September 17, 2018 Guild, Industry, Labor, Web Exclusives
Editors Guild National Executive Director Cathy Repola addresses members at the Los Angeles Special Meeting in July. Photo by Deverill Weekes
by A.J. Catoline
The Editors Guild will broadcast a series of daily podcasts about “the big problem issues” of the new union contract as members prepare to vote in a ratification election.
National Executive Director Cathy Repola will broadcast as the voice of the loyal opposition, the only guild leader to oppose ratification among the 13 local unions in the Hollywood bargaining unit of the International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees (IATSE).
In a different podcast each day this week, Repola will address what she calls “the big problem issues” of the tentative Basic Agreement, explaining Local 700’s recommendation for members to vote “No.” The Editors Guild Board of Directors voted unanimously on July 28 to recommend members vote against ratification.
A link to the podcast can be found at https://www.editorsguild.com/2018contracttalk
Cathy Repola.
It has been a summer of solidarity that has seen record member engagement and discussion of the new contract both at Guild meetings and on social media. Repola has risked speaking truth to the power of IATSE by publicly opposing the contract and illuminating the tentative deal’s inadequate terms to fund the pension. She has argued that the deal has too many exemptions and loopholes, and too narrow a structure to collect residuals for new media streaming. In addition, she feels the deal does not protect safe hours on the job.
While Repola’s message has been enthusiastically received by the rank-and-file of Local 700, the members of the other 12 locals have heard only official talking points to vote “Yes.”
In an effort not seen in past negotiation cycles, the IATSE has been whipping votes in the face of members asking tough questions. It was reported that the IA published instructions on their website discussing how members should mark their ballots “Yes.” Members complained that this was an inappropriate attempt to influence the democratic process.
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Repola persists with a stream of news and facts to Local 700 members about the merits of the deal.
“We will launch one podcast per day each day of this week, covering the most important pieces of the tentative agreement,” said Repola. “I fully embrace these new means to communicate with the membership, in ways that will continue to serve us well into the future.”
Inspiration for the Podcast
Repola told CineMontage she was inspired after listening to the August 14 episode of the Scriptnotes podcast by Writers Guild members John August and Craig Mazin, who discussed the IATSE negotiations of about 43,000 workers in film and television production and post-production.
“The issue is that this union never strikes — ever — even though they do have easily the single best strike threat in town,” said Mazin. “And I think that at some point everybody in IATSE has to kind of look at each other and say, ‘Do we all recognize that we’re sitting on this nuclear bomb that we refuse to use, ever? And why?’”
Regarding the nuclear bomb of a potential industry-wide strike, which would be the first in history, Repola told CineMontage that she believes the union “had the most leverage we have ever had. Members want to see real change in their working conditions. Every time we have to put most of our capital to negotiate the funding issues in the plans, it takes the focus away from these other important conditions. And I fear that is what we will face next time around. New media distribution is not new anymore. The deeper entrenched this distribution method becomes, and ultimately takes over, the harder it will be for us to change the terms.”
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The Guild has already provided a PowerPoint presentation, sent e-mail blasts, compiled a contract information page on the Editors Guild website, and held special membership meetings leading up to the conclusion of negotiations. In addition, Repola visited all of the studio lots and attended member functions as a way of spreading the word. “Throughout this process I have been saying that I will do everything possible to provide education for the members,” she stressed. “I think this is vital for a union to do all the time, but even more so in this kind of situation.”
The proposed Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) has been posted on the Editors Guild website for members to review. The 52-page MOA is a dense, difficult read. The Editors Guild has provided a digest of the tentative contract’s core issues in plain English. They are available on the Guild’s website, https://www.editorsguild.com/2018contracttalk.
The second set of Special Membership Meeting of the summer will be held on Saturday, September 22, at 9:30 a.m. at the Hollywood Palladium in Los Angeles; Tuesday, September 25, at 7:30 p.m. at Skywalker Ranch in Marin County, California, for those who work at that facility; and Friday, September 28 in New York at 7:00 p.m. at the Tribeca Grill Loft. Repola said she plans to review the MOA terms in a presentation and explain to members “what each provision actually means.”
Ballots will be mailed to members this week, likely on Wednesday. Members have been advised to confirm their physical mailing address by contacting the Local 700 office.
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A majority of voting members in each local is required to allocate delegate votes toward the final tally in favor or opposed to ratification. Delegate votes are determined by size of active members in each local, in a winner-take-all system. There is a total of 385 delegate votes. It takes at least 193 delegate votes to prevail.
As of the 2017 IATSE convention, the votes were allocated as follows: Local 600 – 76 votes; Local 700 – 73 votes; Local 44 – 56 votes; Local 80 – 33 votes; Local 728 – 26 votes; Local 800 – 23 votes; Local 871 – 21 votes; Local 706 – 20 votes; Local 695 – 19 votes; Local 705 – 17 votes; Local 892 – 10 votes; Local 729 – 9 votes; Local 884 – 2 votes.
Labor News
About A.J. Catoline 21 Articles
A.J. Catoline is a graduate of NYU's Tisch School of the Arts and USC's Master of Professional Writing Program, and a Board Member of the Motion Picture Editors Guild, IATSE, co-chair MPEG Publications Committee. He is a picture editor working in Los Angeles. He can be reached at ajcatoline@gmail.com
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Condos In Howell
FInd Your New Home Today!
Adelphia Greens Howell
Country Village
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Moors Landing
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The Windmill Club
Find the homes, condos and townhouses for sale in The Windmill Club, Howell NJ. Find your new home today!
About the Windmill Club
Whatever you’re looking for, be it a condo, townhouse or even a detached home – it’s in the Windmill Club in Howell. 382 homes are here, which were constructed around 1980. The homes for sale in the Windmill Club have great location on Route 9 because you can walk to the buses. This is a great community close to all transportation, dining and shopping. And – it’s close to the Jersey Shore beaches!
The Windmill Club has a homeowners association, therefore a monthly fee is assessed. This fee covers generally exterior maintenance of the buildings, grass cutting, snow removal and more. In addition, residents have use of the clubhouse, the outdoor pool, tennis, basketball courts and more. And you’ll be glad to know that your pets are welcome in The Windmill Club in Howell.
The Homes in the Windmill Club
The homes are a combination of condos and townhouses. Condos can be found on both the ground and the upper level. Additionally, there are a few detached homes. The homes have either 2 or 3 bedrooms. Many homes have a garage, and some also have a basement. The two bedroom townhouses also have a loft on the second floor, in addition to the two bedrooms. This loft area is large enough to be converted into a bedroom, and indeed, many owners have done that.
It’s also possible to convert part of the garage into living space, and usually a window could be added. Verify with the association first before starting that project.
Some of the buildings have had siding installed. However, many still have the original T-111 siding. It’s unknown whether the remaining buildings will have vinyl siding installed.
The Windmill Club is not approved for FHA financing. However, other mortgage programs are available to qualified borrowers which offer similar low down payments. New FHA financing regulations may be of benefit to you. The new regulations allow for individual “spot approval” for single properties in non approved complexes.
New FHA Financing Guidelines
School age children who reside in The Windmill Club will attend the Howell School System. This school system has 10 schools which offer education for Pre-K through eighth grades.
When the students enter high school, they’ll go to one of the schools in the Freehold Regional High School District. In addition, both the Freehold Regional High School system and the Monmouth County Vocational District offer specialized programs to high school students. Additionally, there are numerous private schools nearby.
The six schools in the Freehold Regional High School District offer eleven unique magnet programs in specific, focused areas. Students are accepted into these programs via a competitive process. Therefore, not all students who apply will be accepted. Students who are admitted into the programs will attend the school which offers that particular program as their home school, regardless of which town they live in. Some of the programs are Fine & Performing Arts, Global Studies and Humanities – to name a few.
The Monmouth County Vocational District offers both full time and shared time programs. The five magnet high schools are:
Academy of Allied Health and Science
High Technology High School
Communications High School
Bio Technology High School
Marine Academy of Science & Technology
Shared time courses are also available in many other fields. Some of the available courses are Patient Care/Medical Assisting, Plumbing & Pipefitting and other various medical fields.
Howell Township has an extensive public park system. And the parks in the Monmouth County Park System are available as well, including the eight public golf courses. The Manasquan Reservoir is in Howell, it features a hiking or bicycle trail around the perimeter which offers great water views.
Bus service to New York and more is nearby, within walking distance. Access to major roadways in the area, such as Route 195, Route 9, Route 34 and the Garden State Parkway is readily available. Plus, train service to New York is available, the nearest New Jersey Transit train station is in Belmar.
When you’re ready to either buy or sell a home in The Windmill Club in Howell, please call Bunny and Art Reiman – Realtors. Let us help you find your new home, just as we’ve helped hundreds of families find theirs.
Recently Sold Homes in the Windmill Club
Complex/Subdivision
41 Jesse Rd 1000 $145,000 Windmill Club 2 1.1 145,000 12/27/2019 10 N
6 Swan Rd $157,000 Windmill Club 2 1.1 157,000 12/30/2019 86 Y
11 Flamingo Dr 1000 $220,000 Windmill Club 3 1.1 220,000 12/01/2019 15 Y
9 Pelican Rd $233,160 Windmill Club 2 1.1 233,160 12/26/2019 20 Y
During 2019, 27 homes were sold in The Windmill Club.
Condos in Freehold
Homes In Monmouth County
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About Bunny and Art Reiman
Barbara “Bunny” and Arthur Reiman
Realtor Associates
Woodward Realty Group
Freehold NJ 07728
Ramtown Manor Howell
A few of the detached single family homes include exterior maintenance, but not all.
© 2020 Condos In Howell
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College of Business Ethics Initiative hosts author
Scholar and author Mary C. Gentile (gen-TILL-ee) will speak about ethical dilemmas facing business leaders and students in a public address scheduled for 5:30 p.m. Oct. 14 in Dwire Hall 204.
As part of the UCCS College of Business Ethics Initiative, Gentile, a scholar at Babson College, Babson Park, Mass., and author of the new book "Giving Voice to Values: Speaking Your Mind When You Know What's Right" will challenge assumptions about corporate and academic business ethics. She gives business leaders, managers and students tools to recognize what is right and to ensure that the right things happen.
This networking event is free and open to the public. Gentile also will sign copies of her book. For more information, visit www.uccs.edu/businessethics/Events.html.
"We look forward to conversations on ethics in the workplace among faculty, students and the business community," said Tracy Gonzalez-Padron, assistant professor in the College of Business and director of the College of Business Ethics Initiative. "The Giving Voice to Values curriculum provides students tools for developing responses to value conflicts in the workplace."
Said Venkat Reddy, dean of the College of Business, "Mary Gentile's visit offers us an opportunity to emphasize how we are building our students' success by equipping them with ethical decision-making skills, thanks to support from the Daniels Fund."
Gentile consults on management education and values-driven leadership. In her 10-year tenure at Harvard Business School, she developed and taught the school's managing diversity course and helped design and teach its first required ethical decision-making module. Currently she is director of the Giving Voice to Values curriculum and senior research scholar at Babson College. Her articles have appeared in Harvard Business Review, strategy+business, BizEd, CFO Magazine, and Risk Management, and she has written several books on ethics and diversity.
The College of Business Ethics initiative is part of a five-year program supported by a $1.25 million grant from the Daniels Fund. The purpose of the College of Business Ethics Initiative is to instill ethical principles into the personal and organizational decision-making process of every member of the UCCS community. This integrative learning environment will create leaders with integrity, capable of responsible global business management and conscious of the accountability inherent in corporate governance.
The Daniels Fund created a consortium of schools and expertise through eight universities that will develop programs and teaching resources to instill a higher standard of ethics in business school students. The initial grant and ongoing support and leadership of the Daniels Fund will affect education in New Mexico, Colorado, Utah and Wyoming and beyond. The Daniels Fund is a private foundation established by cable pioneer Bill Daniels, who is widely known for his recognition of the importance of principles, ethics and integrity in business success. For more information, visit http://www.uccs.edu/businessethics.
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Maxine Waters questions patriotism of Trump supporters on House floor — Video
Joe Newby
Maxine Waters questions the patriotism of Trump supporters on the floor of the House. (YouTube)
On Monday, Rep. Maxine “No justice, no peace” Waters, the California Democrat who admitted to Elle that she’s out to “get” President Trump, expanded her attack to include the millions of Americans who support the chief executive. While speaking on the floor of the House of Representatives on Monday, she questioned the patriotism of Trump supporters and reiterated her life mission to remove Trump from office.
“Mr. Speaker, my position against this president and his administration is clear. I oppose this president. I do not honor this president. I do not respect this president,” she said.
“African-Americans have struggled and fought historically, many African-Americans have paid a huge price fighting for justice and equality in this country, have died for it. I don’t have to call the names of Martin Luther King and all the others. We have paid a price, we have fought.
“But guess what? Despite the fact that America has not always been there for us, we’ve always been there for America. We have fought in America’s wars. We have suffered discrimination, we have suffered isolation and undermining. But we stand up for America, oftentimes when others who think they are more patriotic, who say they are more patriotic, do not,” Waters added.
“When we fight against this president, and we point out how dangerous he is for this society and for this country, we’re fighting for the democracy. We’re fighting for America. We’re saying to those who say they’re patriotic but they’ve turned a blind eye to the destruction that he’s about to cause this country, ‘You’re not nearly as patriotic as we are.’” (Emphasis added)
The American Mirror added:
Waters made it clear her mission is not to represent her constituents, but destroy Trump.
The president “is not good for America,” she said.
“African-Americans know this. The Black Caucus understands this. And for those members of the Black Caucus representing our leadership, who went to meet with him, they have laid out to him all of this, what our care and concerns are all about. But in the final analysis, we really don’t expect anything from him.
“And my mission and my goal is to make sure that he does not remain president of the United States of America,” Water said.
Here’s video of her rant:
A post at Townhall observed:
While Waters has been getting most of the attention for so often calling for Trump’s impeachment, she’s not alone. Other congressmen like Rep. Mark Pocan (D-WI) have thrown the word around and on the day of Trump’s inauguration, dozens of Democratic lawmakers were absent, protesting who they believed was an illegitimate president.
A February survey from the Public Religion Research Institute suggests their rhetoric is not out of the mainstream among Democrats outside of Washington. A majority of those polled said they’d be fine with impeachment.
Note to Maxine Waters: You can’t impeach Trump simply because you don’t like him. Try reading that Constitution you claim to love…
Maxine Waters admits: I’m out to get Trump
Maxine Waters claims fake sex allegations in fake Russian dossier are true, offers no proof — Video
Video: Maxine Waters admits defrauding government to get Social Security card
Maxine Waters claims Putin invaded Korea in statement advocating impeachment of Trump
NY writer warns: ‘The Civil War is here’
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And if you’re as concerned about Facebook censorship as we are, go here and order this new book:
Banned: How Facebook enables militant Islamic jihad – Source: Author (used with permission)
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The Freelancer
Rates Database
Freelance with Contently
Will Your Productivity Improve If You Set More Difficult Goals?
By Shane Snow October 10th, 2014
There are two main camps when it comes to goal-setting, and they love to argue.
The first says it’s better to set realistic goals because it’s more encouraging and rewarding to meet your goals than to stretch and risk failing. The other says to aim higher than you think you can achieve—something about shooting for the moon and hitting the stars if you miss. (To paraphrase.) Sometimes a third camp shows up, advocating to not set goals at all, but simply do one’s best.
Every group goal-setting meeting I’ve participated in at some point devolves into a debate along these lines. Circumstances vary, sure, but is there a right answer?
Scientists say there is.
A few years ago, researchers from University of Maryland and University of Toronto (Edwin Locke and Gary Latham, respectively) undertook a meta-analysis of decades of scientific research about the effectiveness of goals, and the difficulty thereof. They studied the performance outcomes of more than 40,000 goal-setters (and non goal-setters) in 100 different industries or tasks, from laboratory to real-world settings.
When Locke and Latham published their findings in American Psychologist, they wrote that not only did “specific, difficult goals consistently [lead] to higher performance than urging people to do their best,” but “the highest or most difficult goals produced the highest levels of effort and performance.”
When encouraged to push their boundaries with specific, difficult goals, loggers cut more trees. Computer operators performed better—whether they came up with their own goals or someone else assigned them a goal. Engineers and scientists who set harder goals outperformed their counterparts.
Of course, some people are better at logging and computers and science than others. But when we eliminate the variation between people and compare workers to themselves, we find that hard goals make just about everyone do better across the board.
“In short, when people are asked to do their best, they do not do so,” Locke and Latham write. “This is because do-your-best goals have no external referent and thus are defined idiosyncratically. This allows for a wide range of acceptable performance levels, which is not the case when a goal level is specified. ”
Despite how much we might protest, tough goals indeed improve our performance, and for three reasons:
1. They direct our attention toward activities that matter, and away from distractions.
2. They energize us. “High goals lead to greater effort than low goals,” Locke and Latham argued. This goes for both physical and mental effort.
3. They increase our persistence. “Hard goals prolong effort,” they suggested. “Tight deadlines lead to a more rapid work pace than loose deadlines in the laboratory as well as in the field.”
These result in a couple of specific changes in our work strategies:
For low-level tasks, we go into trance-like autopilot:
“When confronted with task goals, people automatically use the knowledge and skills they have already acquired that are relevant to goal attainment,” L & L write. “For example, if the goal involves cutting logs, loggers use their knowledge of logging without the need for additional conscious planning in their choice to exert effort and persist until the goal is attained.”
For more difficult tasks, we increase our ingenuity:
“If the path to the goal is not a matter of using automatized skills, people draw from a repertoire of skills that they have used previously in related contexts, and they apply them to the present situation,” L & L write. “Truck drivers who were assigned the goal of increasing the weight of their truck loads made modifications to their trucks so that they could better estimate truck weight before driving to the weighing station.”
There’s a catch, however.
For shoot-for-the-stars style goal-setting to work, workers need two key things: feedback—so we know where we are regarding the goal, and self-efficacy—belief in our own competence. Without those two, any goal is nigh worthless from a statistical perspective.
In Smartcuts, I write about how, paradoxically, innovation history shows that it’s easier to build a big business than a small one. Part of the reason is because it’s easier to get key people (employees, investors, customers) excited about a big vision than a simple one. But the other part is big goals psychologically push us harder at a subconscious level than simply realistic ones.
“People with high goals produce more because they are dissatisfied with less,” L & L write. “The bar for their satisfaction is set at a high level. This is why they are motivated to do more than those with easy goals.”
In fact, there doesn’t seem to be a limit to the point when big goals stop making us work hard, so long as we’re tracking our goals and believe in ourselves.
In other words, science has given us permission to dream bigger. That thing about hitting the stars, it turns out, is not as crazy as it sounds.
(This article, which has been slightly modified, was originally published on LinkedIn.)
Image by Frank Augstein
Tags: Fee, Science, Toronto
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corte.si
How mitmproxy works
I started work on mitmproxy because I was frustrated with the available interception tools. I had a long list of minor complaints - they were insufficiently flexible, not programmable enough, mostly written in Java (a language I don't enjoy), and so forth. My most serious problem, though, was opacity. The best tools were all closed source and commercial. SSL interception is a complicated and delicate process, and after a certain point, not understanding precisely what your proxy is doing just doesn't fly.
The text below is now part of the official documentation of mitmproxy. It's a detailed description of mitmproxy's interception process, and is more or less the overview document I wish I had when I first started the project. I proceed by example, starting with the simplest unencrypted explicit proxying, and working up to the most complicated interaction - transparent proxying of SSL-protected traffic1 in the presence of SNI.
Explicit HTTP
Configuring the client to use mitmproxy as an explicit proxy is the simplest and most reliable way to intercept traffic. The proxy protocol is codified in the HTTP RFC, so the behaviour of both the client and the server is well defined, and usually reliable. In the simplest possible interaction with mitmproxy, a client connects directly to the proxy and makes a request that looks like this:
GET http://example.com/index.html HTTP/1.1
This is a proxy GET request - an extended form of the vanilla HTTP GET request that includes a schema and host specification, and it includes all the information mitmproxy needs to relay the request upstream.
1 The client connects to the proxy and makes a request.
2 Mitmproxy connects to the upstream server and simply forwards the request on.
Explicit HTTPS
The process for an explicitly proxied HTTPS connection is quite different. The client connects to the proxy and makes a request that looks like this:
CONNECT example.com:443 HTTP/1.1
A conventional proxy can neither view nor manipulate an SSL-encrypted data stream, so a CONNECT request simply asks the proxy to open a pipe between the client and server. The proxy here is just a facilitator - it blindly forwards data in both directions without knowing anything about the contents. The negotiation of the SSL connection happens over this pipe, and the subsequent flow of requests and responses are completely opaque to the proxy.
The MITM in mitmproxy
This is where mitmproxy's fundamental trick comes into play. The MITM in its name stands for Man-In-The-Middle - a reference to the process we use to intercept and interfere with these theoretically opaque data streams. The basic idea is to pretend to be the server to the client, and pretend to be the client to the server, while we sit in the middle decoding traffic from both sides. The tricky part is that the Certificate Authority system is designed to prevent exactly this attack, by allowing a trusted third-party to cryptographically sign a server's SSL certificates to verify that they are legit. If this signature doesn't match or is from a non-trusted party, a secure client will simply drop the connection and refuse to proceed. Despite the many shortcomings of the CA system as it exists today, this is usually fatal to attempts to MITM an SSL connection for analysis. Our answer to this conundrum is to become a trusted Certificate Authority ourselves. Mitmproxy includes a full CA implementation that generates interception certificates on the fly. To get the client to trust these certificates, we register mitmproxy as a trusted CA with the device manually.
Complication 1: What's the remote hostname?
To proceed with this plan, we need to know the domain name to use in the interception certificate - the client will verify that the certificate is for the domain it's connecting to, and abort if this is not the case. At first blush, it seems that the CONNECT request above gives us all we need - in this example, both of these values are "example.com". But what if the client had initiated the connection as follows:
CONNECT 10.1.1.1:443 HTTP/1.1
Using the IP address is perfectly legitimate because it gives us enough information to initiate the pipe, even though it doesn't reveal the remote hostname.
Mitmproxy has a cunning mechanism that smooths this over - upstream certificate sniffing. As soon as we see the CONNECT request, we pause the client part of the conversation, and initiate a simultaneous connection to the server. We complete the SSL handshake with the server, and inspect the certificates it used. Now, we use the Common Name in the upstream SSL certificates to generate the dummy certificate for the client. Voila, we have the correct hostname to present to the client, even if it was never specified.
Complication 2: Subject Alternative Name
Enter the next complication. Sometimes, the certificate Common Name is not, in fact, the hostname that the client is connecting to. This is because of the optional Subject Alternative Name field in the SSL certificate that allows an arbitrary number of alternative domains to be specified. If the expected domain matches any of these, the client will proceed, even though the domain doesn't match the certificate Common Name. The answer here is simple: when extract the CN from the upstream cert, we also extract the SANs, and add them to the generated dummy certificate.
Complication 3: Server Name Indication
One of the big limitations of vanilla SSL is that each certificate requires its own IP address. This means that you couldn't do virtual hosting where multiple domains with independent certificates share the same IP address. In a world with a rapidly shrinking IPv4 address pool this is a problem, and we have a solution in the form of the Server Name Indication extension to the SSL and TLS protocols. This lets the client specify the remote server name at the start of the SSL handshake, which then lets the server select the right certificate to complete the process.
SNI breaks our upstream certificate sniffing process, because when we connect without using SNI, we get served a default certificate that may have nothing to do with the certificate expected by the client. The solution is another tricky complication to the client connection process. After the client connects, we allow the SSL handshake to continue until just after the SNI value has been passed to us. Now we can pause the conversation, and initiate an upstream connection using the correct SNI value, which then serves us the correct upstream certificate, from which we can extract the expected CN and SANs.
There's another wrinkle here. Due to a limitation of the SSL library mitmproxy uses, we can't detect that a connection hasn't sent an SNI request until it's too late for upstream certificate sniffing. In practice, we therefore make a vanilla SSL connection upstream to sniff non-SNI certificates, and then discard the connection if the client sends an SNI notification. If you're watching your traffic with a packet sniffer, you'll see two connections to the server when an SNI request is made, the first of which is immediately closed after the SSL handshake. Luckily, this is almost never an issue in practice.
Lets put all of this together into the complete explicitly proxied HTTPS flow.
1 The client makes a connection to mitmproxy, and issues an HTTP CONNECT request.
2 Mitmproxy responds with a 200 Connection Established, as if it has set up the CONNECT pipe.
3 The client believes it's talking to the remote server, and initiates the SSL connection. It uses SNI to indicate the hostname it is connecting to.
4 Mitmproxy connects to the server, and establishes an SSL connection using the SNI hostname indicated by the client.
5 The server responds with the matching SSL certificate, which contains the CN and SAN values needed to generate the interception certificate.
6 Mitmproxy generates the interception cert, and continues the client SSL handshake paused in step 3.
7 The client sends the request over the established SSL connection.
7 Mitmproxy passes the request on to the server over the SSL connection initiated in step 4.
When a transparent proxy is used, the HTTP/S connection is redirected into a proxy at the network layer, without any client configuration being required. This makes transparent proxying ideal for those situations where you can't change client behaviour - proxy-oblivious Android applications being a common example.
To achieve this, we need to introduce two extra components. The first is a redirection mechanism that transparently reroutes a TCP connection destined for a server on the Internet to a listening proxy server. This usually takes the form of a firewall on the same host as the proxy server - iptables on Linux or pf on OSX. Once the client has initiated the connection, it makes a vanilla HTTP request, which might look something like this:
GET /index.html HTTP/1.1
Note that this request differs from the explicit proxy variation, in that it omits the scheme and hostname. How, then, do we know which upstream host to forward the request to? The routing mechanism that has performed the redirection keeps track of the original destination for us. Each routing mechanism has a different way of exposing this data, so this introduces the second component required for working transparent proxying: a host module that knows how to retrieve the original destination address from the router. In mitmproxy, this takes the form of a built-in set of modules that know how to talk to each platform's redirection mechanism. Once we have this information, the process is fairly straight-forward.
1 The client makes a connection to the server.
2 The router redirects the connection to mitmproxy, which is typically listening on a local port of the same host. Mitmproxy then consults the routing mechanism to establish what the original destination was.
3 Now, we simply read the client's request...
4 ... and forward it upstream.
Transparent HTTPS
The first step is to determine whether we should treat an incoming connection as HTTPS. The mechanism for doing this is simple - we use the routing mechanism to find out what the original destination port is. By default, we treat all traffic destined for ports 443 and 8443 as SSL.
From here, the process is a merger of the methods we've described for transparently proxying HTTP, and explicitly proxying HTTPS. We use the routing mechanism to establish the upstream server address, and then proceed as for explicit HTTPS connections to establish the CN and SANs, and cope with SNI.
I use "SSL" to refer to both SSL and TLS in the generic sense, unless otherwise specified. ↩
Aldo Cortesi
@cortesi
github.com/cortesi
mitmproxy: release v1.0.0 - The Christmas Edition 26 Dec 2016
mitmproxy: release v0.18 17 Oct 2016
mitmproxy: release v0.15 04 Dec 2015
mitmproxy: release v0.14 07 Nov 2015
mitmproxy: release v0.13 26 Jul 2015
Some personal thoughts on our national tragedy 19 Mar 2019
Hobbes 22 Mar 2016
modd: a flexible tool for responding to filesystem change 11 Feb 2016
© Aldo Cortesi 2015
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Squeezing Us Dry: Fenway Park water more pricey than Disney
The Red Sox can learn from Disney about how to take care of its thirsty fans. (Boston Herald graphic)
The Boston Herald
Five Fenway Park employees asked me to take an on-line survey the other night. Lured by the chance to win free Sox tickets, I answered a series of dreary questions about my commute time, my attitudes about the MBTA and my candid assessment of the quality of area sidewalks.
It’s almost as if my remote control were broken and the channel went to C-SPAN every time I wanted NESN.
Hey marketing people, you know what really matters besides Jonathan Papelbon not choking in the ninth inning? Me not gagging in the third on your bottled water prices.
I’m not suggesting that President Obama nationalize concession stands and subsidize our snacks with stimulus money, but $3.75 for H2O? That’s $15 for a family of four and $30 if your greedy kin want a refill.
After that, you get to pay for the stuff with calories.
Go ahead and charge whatever you want for the soft serve goo in the mini Red Sox helmet. Whenever we walk into a sports stadium, movie theater or hotel room, we accept that getting ripped off is the norm. We know that the $3 pack of M & M’s is reassuring proof that capitalism is alive and healthy.
But water is different. Even though other countries wage wars over it, around here it’s supposed to be free. I’ll shell out $4 for a “fresh” lemonade that is 75 percent ice, complain about it and then buy it again. However, I resent paying for bottled water even at bargain superstore prices.
Costco charges $6.89 for a case of 24 bottles of Dasani – that’s cheaper than two Poland Spring bottles at Fenway. Those are the kind of numbers that make you wish you didn’t know math.
It could be worse. My friend reports he got suckered into paying $6 for bottled water at the U2 concert at Gillette Stadium. Maybe Bono was expecting his fans to singlehandedly erase Third World debt.
Water enjoys an especially high profile at Fenway. The Poland Spring Green Team, a group of college kids who pick up trash in return for standing room access to the game, educates fans about recycling and living “a sustainable lifestyle.”
What would make my life more sustainable is a $2 bottle of water. I would drink twice as many bottles and eagerly surrender them all to the Green Team. A $2 bottle would still leave about $1.75 in pure profit, enough to cover vendor salaries, refrigeration costs and more importantly, it would defuse customer outrage about being screwed.
In an environment where hand-sanitizing stations are every 15 feet, expecting fans to suck on flu-coated water fountains just won’t cut it. Front office fears about losing revenue would vanish after looking at Disney World concessions, which charge a mere $2.50 for water. They make up for it in many other ways, which I can attest as the remorseful buyer of an $8 customized candy apple.
When fans save a buck or two on water, they will inevitable spend it on something else. Now is the time for the Red Sox to exercise some hydration leadership. When the Yankees come to town this weekend, introducing the $2 water bottle could make a splash across New England.
I know that overdosing on water may cause hallucinations, but maybe every tourist, sports and concert venue will follow suit and feign concern for our wallets. Although the Red Sox won’t win another World Series trophy next month, it’s not too late to make this season truly historic.
Darren Garnick’s “Working Stiff” column runs every Wednesday in the Boston Herald. Check out the Stiff blog at http://www.BostonHerald.com/blogs
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Center on Teaching & Learning
Advancing Teaching and Learning through Research
CTL's Sylvia Thompson and Patrick Kennedy awarded USAID grant.
Congratulations to CTL's Sylvia Thompson and Patrick Kennedy for receipt of a new grant from the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) to support the successful implementation of the Reading for Success - National Program for Reading Project in Morocco.
The objective of this 5-year grant is to expand USAID/Morocco’s efforts to support the Moroccan Ministry of Education in improving reading and writing outcomes for children in grades 1-4. The project activities will be carried out in partnership with the Moroccan Ministry of Education to build their capacity to (a) develop and disseminate effective, evidence-based Arabic language curriculum and instructional materials; (b) design and deliver professional development programs to education personnel to improve teaching skills; and (c) develop, administer, and disseminate results of early reading assessments, to better monitor student progress.
Congratulations Sylvia and Patrick!
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CD2H Advisory Board
We are delighted to announce new members of our advisory board! We are grateful and excited to have such diverse expertise helping to guide CD2H.
CD2H Advisory Board members:
Mike Becich, MD, PhD
Chairman and Distinguished University Professor, Department of Biomedical Informatics
Associate Vice Chancellor for Informatics in the Health Sciences
Associate Director, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (CTSI)
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Phil Bourne, PhD
Stephenson Chair of Data Science and Director of the Data Science Institute and Professor of Biomedical Engineering
Emeritus Associate Director for Data Science at the National Institutes of Health
Peter J. Embi, MD, MS, FACP, FACMI
President & CEO, Regenstrief Institute
Sam Regenstrief Professor of Medicine
Associate Dean for Informatics & Health Services Research, IU School of Medicine
Associate Director of Informatics, Indiana CTSI
Vice-President for Learning Health Systems, IU Health
Garret FitzGerald, MD, FRS
Professor of Medicine and Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics
McNeil Professor in Translational Medicine and Therapeutics
Associate Dean for Translational Research
Director UPenn CTSA, Institute for Translational Medicine & Therapeutics
Larry Hunter, PhD
Director of the Center for Computational Pharmacology
Director of the Computational Bioscience Program
University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine
Genevieve Melton-Meaux, MD, PhD
Professor of Surgery and Health Informatics Core Faculty
Chief Data and Health Informatics Officer
Rachel Richesson, MS, PhD, MPH, FACMI
Associate Director of Research at the Duke Center for Health Informatics
Associate Professor, Duke School of Nursing
We’ll next fill community board member spots, so please let us know if you have suggestions!
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Cultural Catchup
← Season Finale: Weeds – “If You Work For a Living, Why Do You Kill Yourself Working?”
Fringe – “The Same Old Story” →
Season Premiere: House – “Dying Changes Everything”
“Dying Changes Everything”
Well, thanks for the obviousness lesson, House. Or, more appropriately, everyone other than House.
After perhaps the most emotionally powerful episodes in the show’s history ending the show’s fourth season, it was easy to romanticize the world of House: we’re supposed to be paying attention to Wilson’s grief process and 13’s reaction to news that her lifespan has been cut in half by Huntington’s disease, but nothing about the season finale really dealt with the show’s other problems. “House’s Head” and “Wilson’s Heart” were two episodes that stand alone as an emotional highpoint, but their fallout is somewhat less groundbreaking.
Don’t get me wrong: I like the show’s choice to investigate reactions to mortality, and there is nothing wrong with House working hard to keep Wilson from leaving the hospital after Amber’s death, but the rest of the episode kind of struggles dealing with the rest of the series. Whereas the finale demonstrated an intense connection between case and character, here the case is quite literally just a pawn in House’s game and, at worst, just a bland cliche to the same degree as Wilson’s desire for a clean start. And the show does nothing to help deal with the imbalance between characters, spending so much time with mortality that it’s continuing to let some of them die off, figuratively speaking.
So while dying is supposed to change everything, it doesn’t appear to change House much at all; while this means that the show is still entertaining, it’s taking its time to get to the point where it can improve on last season’s problems.
On the surface, the decision to spend so much time with 13 (Whose real name we learned last season, but she’s always 13 in my heart) makes sense: she just found out last season that her Huntington’s test was positive, so her impending mortality gives her a nice counterpoint to House’s ignorance to the concepts of grief. She is someone who is suddenly an advocate for life, for people respecting but not ignoring the inevitiability of death, and there is no question that her mortality is playing a role in the treatment and diagnosis.
The only role that 13 really plays here, though, is that she sees herself in the patient – she sees as someone works as an assistant, overshadowed by her boss, who isn’t living for herself but for someone else. In other words, she sees someone else throwing away their life when hers is so short. Olivia Wilde is playing the role well (especially in her two pivotal scenes with the Patient of the Week), but the biggest problem here is that it feels like a very isolated incident. 13 doesn’t have a history, she doesn’t have a real place on the show in her own way, and as a result I feel like time in the premiere offered an opportunity to return to House’s former female fellow.
That person is Cameron, who does finally get to play a role here but one that could have been much more pronounced had they played up the angle of her own similar situation. She uses her husband as a way to try to convince Wilson to stay, but if her own reaction could have been a more prominent part of the episode I feel like we might have struck a new balance. The show had serious issues balancing Chase and Cameron with the new crew last year, and this episode did little to move us in that direction when it could have done a few little things to make some advances.
This isn’t to say that the new crew is poorly drawn: although not as effective as Cameron, 13 did draw out some important ideas of mortality, and I enjoyed both Taub and Kutner turning into House in his absence. This group is still fun to watch, and they don’t ruin the show by any means: instead, it just hurts in an episode like this to have to spend time with them when they lack the connection to Wilson that we as the audience, and Cameron/Chase/Foreman/House/Cuddy as people who have been around since the beginning, have.
And the latter relationships work well in this episode: Hugh Laurie and Robert Sean Leonard each do some great work on the subtle machinations of guilt and frustration here, and Lisa Edelstein gets one great scene where she spouts a lot of truth at House at his apartment. The problem is that the two of them never get those pivotal scenes outside of the final one: 13 gets four of them (Three with the patient, one with House), but somehow the central relationship gets only House endangering his patient’s life in order to try to make him stay throughout the episode.
The final scene is a powerful one (As Wilson tells House that they’re not friends, and that they might have never been friends considering the nature of their relationship), but at the same time it felt like the episode wasn’t spending nearly enough time on their relationship to build to that scene. I understand that their dynamic is usually one of more playful banter or childish antics, but something about their interactions in this episode just didn’t build to the final scene like it could have for me.
What we end up with, though, is an episode of House that feels like all other episodes of House, which is something that doesn’t feel like an event in the way House premieres and finales usually do. Coming off of a death as powerful as Amber’s, we spent more time with a case that went nowhere than we did with actually seeing any of Wilson’s emotions following that pivotal moment. Two months went by here, and while I understand that time heals some wounds it felt like we needed more time to grieve with him.
So consider it a bit of an off start for House – and considering that we’re about to get a visit from a new private investigator character, it’s an uncertain future for the series.
Cultural Observations
One of my favourite lines was easily Kutner’s complete and total House line, using a rhetorical question as opposed to actually suggesting any sort of linear action. In an episode where House’s interaction with the team was fairly limited, it was interesting to see the dynamics changing.
Say what I will about focusing so heavily on 13, but Olivia Wilde can still act – I spent a lot of time watching her on The O.C. recently, and she is still a very strong actress even when her role hasn’t fully developed here.
Filed under House
Tagged as Amber, Dying Changes Everything, Entertainment, FOX, Hugh Laurie., Olivia Wilde, Premiere, Robert Sean Leonard, Season Premiere, Television, Wilson, Wilson's Heart
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Cultural Learnings · Television Reviews and Analysis
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Literature, Photography, and Adventure
The Glen of Dancing Trees
Mr. McGraff the Happy Giraffe
Mr. Shaker the Undertaker
Terry the Brontosaurus
A Wildebeest Named Gnu
The Arrival of Autumn
The Bleak and Wild, Desolate Shore
The Candle from the Cathedral
The Clouds of Passerines are Brittle
The Disappearance of a Cat
From Where the Luminous Arise
The Hollow Man and the Zealot
The Luthier Alone in His Workshop
The Monster, Malgremir
Music in Winter
The Prison
The Restoration of Frost
The Rope Fence of the Pastel Houses
To Make a Bed
Atlantis Part II
The City of Glass at the Edge of the World
The Eleanor
The Gift of Flight
Love, Revenge, and Death on the Mongolian Grasslands
Mason the Puppeteer
The Sicario
Sixty Years of Silence
The Skeleton Train
Trouble Aboard the Maiden’s Travel Without Any Trouble – Prologue
Trouble Aboard the Maiden’s Travel Without Any Trouble – Chapter 1
About: Becoming a Writer
About: Maya Calle
Maya Calle – Cycling the Yucatan
Maya Calle – Itinerary
Maya Calle – Packing
Maya Calle: Cancun — Yo ho ho!
Maya Calle – Cozumel, Playa del Carmen, Tulum
Maya Calle — The Burger Bar
Maya Calle – Where the Sky was Born
Maya Calle – The Agony of Sloth, a Chronometer, and Postcards
Maya Calle — 110 kilometers, Coba, y Valladolid
Maya Calle – Windows to the Past
Maya Calle — Sunsets, Skeletons, and Hippy Hoppy Hats!
Maya Calle — Merida!
Maya Calle — From Sea to Shining Sea
About David & Contact
← Whiskey in the Jar
The Hopeful and the Damned →
Posted on May 14, 2019 by David Murphy
Chapter 2: Sierra Thibault’s Marriage Breaks Up
It is morning. Dawn’s light colors the grape fields golden. Tremulous winds ruffle the leaves of the vines, soothe the ocher earth, roll over soft hills. John Thibault, just polishing off a glass of cold eggnog, rocks in a white wicker rocking chair, gazing across the land that belong to John’s current employer, Alexandre Girard. John is a mechanic for privately owned exotic cars: Lamborghinis, Rolls Royces, Aston Martins, Mayfairs, Bentleys, Bugattis. Bound to western continental Europe by his profession, when he travels to the garages of the wealthy, he is quit of his and Sierra’s Surrey estate for months at a time, leaving Sierra free to write. John sets down the glass with the scotched up eggnog dripping from its inside and picks up his iPhone.
“Yes?” Sierra answers John’s call. “I’m writing.”
Sierra Thibault, mooning over her latest novel—about people’s life after death—can be opaquely discerned through a dense cloud of cigarette smoke. She taps the ashes against the tray, brings the cigarette between her plump lips, and inhales. Surrounding her are her stimulants: cigarettes, chai blended with milk and honey, Benzedrine; food stuffs: a kilo of kiwis, a cutting board and knife, an aluminum can of honey roasted peanuts; and writing tools: a mirror to make faces into so that she can more accurately articulate her characters’ expressions, a divan of pillows for dreamy brainstorming, New Fowler’s Modern English Usage, a thick thesaurus, a Moleskine notebook, her late grandfather’s brown bowler hat which she’s pressed into service as a Thinking Cap, and a rectangular bulletin board covered with push pins and 3 x 5” notecards of her characters’ attributes. Paper. Pens.
John pauses.
“Your pauses are telling,” says Sierra.
“Yeah,” she breathes. “The familiarity that underlies our ten years of marriage lets me understand that you’re gathering your poise, an ironclad characteristic of yours which includes patience with my gelid aloofness. During my iciest spells, John, you exhibit a self confidence and a warmth that mollifies my behavior and helps to keep our marriage together. These velveteen silences which settle on the connection are one of your better character qualities.”
John chuckles.
“You’ve said you liked my language.”
“I have said that,” John agrees.
“It’s natural for me.”
“Sure. Well. I’m ending our relationship.”
“What? Why? Come home this instant, you darling ass; we’ll fix whatever’s wrong.” She says it coolly, fishhooking her cigarette in the ashtray.
“No,” he says, his voice distant and droning. “I don’t think I will.”
“Why? Are you joking?”
“No, no…” he trails off. “Marriage has been a prison during this last year. I’ve got to escape.”
“Yes. People ask what the secret is to a good marriage. I’ve learned it. The secret to a good marriage is marrying the right person. This is not a good marriage. I need to take a new direction.”
“Who is she?” Sierra asks, interested.
“There’s no one. When I wake up in the mornings, I no longer think of you. The mornings are cold.”
Tracing his finger around the top of the eggnog tumbler, he is, as if the glass were a Nepalese singing bowl.
“Come on, Sierra. Are you feigning misunderstanding?”
“I don’t know what you mean, John.”
“They are cold because of you.”
“Have your soothings and placations always been apathy?” Sierra’s caravan of consciousness halts abruptly at the thought that she has always misjudged the most important character in her life, yet the worry is an intellectual one: concern that she has been misnaming his emotions, disquiet over her inaccuracy at knowing him.
“If so, that is a fascinating new quality of your character!” She wants to feel that she wants him, but she remains stalled at her metaphorical caravanserai, the bobbled feelings that she always drops become like voices exchanging silk road secrets at a khan inn, voices in volumes too low to understand. Something important is being missed; Sierra can feel it. “You’ve always been diverting,” she continues, “Now more than ever. It’s lovely, really. So you want to end the relationship? Suddenly? Without foreshadow? Hardly a, shall we say, climactic moment. But go on. See whichever places you like. Go where you want to go. Come back in two weeks, and I’ll welcome you home. I won’t ask any questions of where you’ve been, what or whom you’ve done—just find yourself, because I have a feeling that this story is not yet finished. We’re just getting a new narrative.”
“No,” he dully stares into the empty glass. “We’re finished.”
In Sierra’s imagination, speakers in the caravanserai mutter through the darkness, murmuring past white candle sticks whose wax coagulates in gobs against the sides; the utterances of the dark, sweaty men are absorbed by stone tables and chairs and by the cloth howdah which lies shadowed in the corner; ancient starlight peeps through the cracks of the stone roof; a camel coughs in the sparsely grassed courtyard. Something, Sierra understands, is being said of import, but what it is remains irretrievable in her consciousness, lost. “As you please. But do tell me what’s wrong. Tell me now, if you please or… Mmmm… tell me when you return. Make me wait in anticipation—dramatic!”
“You can keep the house,” he says. “I’m not coming back.”
“Keep the house? It’s that serious? Well John,” Sierra grins, “Don’t you know how much the house is worth?”
“Yes, I know. Don’t you care? Don’t you care about our relationship more than the house? Is it apathy or, like you say, kena.. kene…”
“It may be kenosis… Others might call my apathy ‘disassociation.’ I only know that you are a child with words, John.”
“Even now, when I am leaving you, it’s like you want to see me as a character to be critiqued and improved, rather than as someone to be loved.”
“This has been a riveting, compelling conversation.” Sierra lights another cigarette, inhales deeply. “And somehow that strikes me as aberrant. Have you always been this perceptive?”
“Perhaps not, perhaps not,” he says nonchalantly, distant once more, and now she knows that the conversation is ending, she’s missed the secrets that the wind lightly carried, lost the train of thought, if she ever had it.
“I’m a little confused,” she blurts. “Handy dandy John, don’t you think you can quote unquote fix me?”
“I can’t. Do you know why? Because you don’t care. I want you to care. But you don’t know how. I loved you once; I really did. Bye, Sierra.”
And pip pip, John cuts the line.
She realizes that there exists something worse than the loss of her husband: she has misunderstood his character. In her imagination, the metaphorical caravan drivers have called it a night; the candles are guttered; the wine bottles are empty; the moon is full over Persia; the sweating, odorous men have left her alone in an inn where she is a stranger on a frightening journey. She misjudged his character all along.
She realizes that she understood him because she couldn’t feel anything towards him. That kenosis preponderates her other thoughts. Whatever that bolus of illuminated humanity is inside the heart of the human body, she sure as hell can’t access it. She has the chest, there’s no treasure inside. An interesting problem. She inhales on the cigarette. Surely, surely, there is some reasonable solution…? Surely, she has but to think one up?
But now something quite peculiar For an instant, in the corner of the room where the pillows are piled, a radiant being shivers into form. And well, well, well… the being looks like an angel! Hard to say with certainty, considering these cynical times, but an angel is certainly what that being appears to be. It is vivid, but not gaudy, dressed in white, watching affectionately over Sierra and… then the being vanishes, just as Sierra turns around. It was there one second, gone the next… Huh. It might never have been there, just a trick of the imagination or a playful amusement orchestrated by the light, a mirage or nothing at all. Regardless, Sierra trots over to the corner pillow pile and tumbles across it, leaving the halogen above her head to burn within its tribal cover. And there she lies, wandering through her packs of cigarettes, plotting story lines about John’s return. Also dozes lightly. She sleeps and daydreams straight through that blue January day.
She does not rise from the pillow pile until noon the next day, at which time she goes to draw a bath.
Sierra—in the tub, smoking marijuana, feeling philosophic—is shaving her pubis with a feminine trimmer that she’s dubbed “Occam’s razor,” because it’s simpler than laser hair removal or creams. Sierra Thibault gives her sister, Angie Silversmile, a call.
“Hello there, Mrs. Silversmile, do you have a minute to talk?”
“Sure thing, Mrs. Thibault. What’s up?”
“It’s not Mrs. Thibault for much longer, and that’s the problem. I have slept through yesterday, but not only that, through much of this day as well. It’s like I had the bite of the tsetse fly, that vector of wicked soporific power.”
“Oh goodness,” giggles Angie. “Tell me simply what you mean.”
“Fine, girl. Fine. I’ll keep my lexicographic embroidery to an uncomplicated pattern: John left me. From deep in the vineyards of France, he called me for purposes of cessation and separation, and he would abide none of my entreaties. It seemed as if I, the ole ball and chain, had been hewn off his ankle. I sensed from him a sense of weightlessness, as of being freed. He spoke of emancipation explicitly, referenced a prisoner escaping. You have seen our marriage, Angie, perhaps more closely than anyone: did I hold him captive?”
Sierra lifts her right foot from the water and lays her foot over the roll rim of her claw footed tub where the water drips from her Achilles onto the honeycomb tile floor.
“What? Hold him captive? You gave him so much freedom as to make it seem like you didn’t care. Are you sure that there’s no one else? You sure he felt wanted enough?”
“Therein lies the paradox: for while he fretted over his purported captivity, so too did he comment upon my kenosis.”
“Kenosis? I think I am going to hear some of self-analysis?” Angie sighs. “I can feel it coming.”
Sierra grins, and she rubs a warm wet hand over her cheek. “You know me too well, dear. Indeed. Yes. You’re referring to my ‘philosophical chatter’, as you once dysphemistically called it. But no problem. Angie, you as well as I know my peculiar—well, why should I say peculiar and appease society?—my personal ontology”
“No, no Hon. I’ve seen the bones but am unfamiliar with the skeleton. I don’t know what you’re talking about.”
“Mmmmm… Perhaps my belief system was explained to you over the years piecemeal. You know, in such nebulous, amorphous stages that you were unsure of the final shape of my beliefs. I believe that each of us can determine our own afterlife during and after our deaths. That’s the sum of it. For a long time, I was confused myself. I long found that the lines of my theology and ontology were without clear demarcations. Definitions were unspecified and ever-changing. Where my beliefs should have shed light, instead shadows manifested. However, that is the conclusion that I have reached. Every person has eschatological agency.”
“And John? What does this have to do with, John, Sierra?”
“This is about John. See, Angie, my philosophy and my separation from John are closely connected. I think that I have spent so much time considering eschatology—while writing my book for instance—and so much time philosophizing and emptying myself of emotion, that I have lost John. I intentionally emptied my passions and desires so that I could be a tabula rosa, so that I could write well, and so that I could be accepted into everyday society. I believe I’ve gone too far. I’m empty now. I can’t connect. When he broke up with me, I didn’t feel anything except a concern that I had misunderstood his character.”
“I know, it can drive a person nuts, feeling isolated.”
“But that’s just the problem! I don’t feel like it drives me nuts. I don’t feel anything. I feel empty.”
“Nothing?”
“Not sadness?”
“Not particularly.”
“So you have trouble feeling emotion. It’s okay, Sierra. Loads of people have trouble feeling.”
“It’s not just that, Angie, I have unlearned my feelings, and now I want to feel again, but I can’t do it. I’m stuck in ice. I’m an outsider to society, kenosis’ unwilling anchorite.”
“Yes, obviously you do have to belong to society.”
“Yes, it’s the only practical way to survive. Because everyone else belongs.”
“And you’re saying that your beliefs made you lose your marriage with John? Maybe it’s not lost yet, Sierra. This just happened the day before yesterday. Give him a call. Tell him you love him.”
“I can’t, Angie. I don’t know if I love him. I don’t know if I have for years. I think he knows this, senses it. I think he senses how strange my beliefs are, and that he left me because I’m weird, cold, empty inside.”
“Sierra, what you’re going through is what many people go through. Lots of people feel excluded, sad. Sometimes people feel very blue. Especially after a breakup. Especially after you slept for an entire day. But you’re a wonderful person, you write excellent books which show that you understand human character. You are, even if you don’t know it yourself, a very easy lady to love.”
“Angie, it’s not a depression. It’s my philosophy, my personality, and it’s my disconnection from the rest of society. Philosophically, I’m weird, and John knows it. Even the corporeal nature of the world is in doubt for me.”
“Ah, yes. Ha! I recall that. Hee hee!”
“Metaphysical solipsism, in a nutshell.”
“Bah. I don’t know what those words mean. Goodness, Sierra!”
“I have detached myself so far from the world that I sometimes doubt whether I am really a part of it. Is it just a dream? I am on the outside, looking in.”
“Well, it’s a real world, Sierra. You can count on that.”
“I feel it.”
Sierra pursed her lips. “I don’t. I feel like I’m on one planet, and everyone else is on another, and I’m watching them from afar. I feel like I could wake up at any moment, and it would all be gone.”
“Call John,” Angie said stubbornly. “Tell him—”
“How do you expect me to react to my separation with John? With feigned anger and denial? ‘Too soon!’ should I exclaim? ‘John will return!’ Shall I act disdainful and haughty? Call him a capon? A castrated chicken being made ready for the plate? Hm. You see? I don’t know what to do! The real problem is, I can’t feel my own emotions, so I have to take cues from others.”
“You sound frustrated. That’s an emotion.”
“Look Angie, I know you are full of vim and vigor. But I simply don’t feel lively. In moments where there might be mutual feelings of intimacy, I feel emptiness. Or disconnected. I’m still not sure which. I’ve considered it metaphorically. If I were piloting an airplane, in every instance where others’ emotions rise, in me there would be an instant of the engine choking, shuddering, dying. I involuntarily volplane in emotional moments; I remove my hands from the stick, my feet from the pedals. Down, down, down, spirals the craft, and inside is an empirical, detached pilot. Will I realize when the tiny two-engine has struck the ground? or will I be dead before the crash registers?’”
“Seriously, Sierra.”
“That is a solipsistic question of philosophical import. But look, babe,” Sierra takes another drag on the dope, “I don’t want to sound all poor, all Oliver Twist. Kenosis’ propeller rotates two ways. I feel that my emptiness makes me more objective, and that the objectivity allows me to write more clearly. So I don’t know how to respond to my emptiness: with love, with hate, with gratitude, with distrust…? What’s a woman to do with a mannerism that propels her career and, in inverse proportions, impels her husband away from her?”
“It’s a Catch-22. Do you feel sad that John’s gone?”
“Not even a little?”
“I feel that I misjudged his character.”
“Then why do you want him back?”
“I want to try to learn to love.”
“Okay: ambitious, laudable.”
“I suppose. I don’t know. Thanks for telling me earlier that I’m an easy lady to love. I appreciate that, and I think I needed to hear it. Hey. Change of subject. I had another reason for calling. I wanted to ask you if you wanted to—” Sierra lets the roach’s ash fall into the tub, where it sizzles, “Get away. Take a holiday. I really need to try to figure myself out.”
“Peru.”
“Peru?”
“Machu Picchu. The Nazca Lines. Lima.”
“No hablo Español.”
“I speak a little. We can get by.”
“Hey, Sierra? I’ve got to run, duty calls. I’d like to go on a holiday with you, but give me some time, and choose another destination, somewhere in this hemisphere, preferably. Catch you soon?”
“Sure. Bye!”
“Good luck with John! Keep me up to speed! Bye bye.”
Sierra sets the phone outside the tub, then turns to the weed.
She removes a paper from its box and lays the paper flat on her hand. The marijuana maven weighs her dope options, all of which she’s laid out on the floor in Ziploc bags that are labeled with masking tape and felt tip marker: the powerful White Widow, violet hued Purple Power, sweet and hardy Holland’s Hope, spicy Aurora Indica, and Christmas tree shaped Mazar—which Sierra suspects is named after the eponymous Afghan northern provincial capital. Mazar’s her selection for her next blunt, so she rolls a joint in the rice paper and lights up the potent strain. Strange, Sierra thinks as she lays her neck over the tub’s porcelain rim and inhales, how poorly demarcated the physical world’s boundaries are.
During the next three weeks, Sierra writes and researches for fifty to sixty hours a week, weighs trip destinations, and philosophizes. She scribbles an activist poem. She vacillates between a cruise to the Med or a flight to Peru, and between comfortable sanity and concern over her own mental health. Sierra wonders what is the function of those neurons and electrons that bounce about her brain and that are causing her psychological distress. In romantic anomie she was before John left, now he’s gone, and his absence should hurt but doesn’t. Even her solipsism that she was once certain of is losing its single-minded, Spartanesque omnipotence as her ontology becomes ever more byzantine. Yet even as she loses herself in invariably crosscutting paths of philosophical and religious questioning, she is tracked all the more closely by a supernatural being. Without Sierra’s awareness, the angel appears more and more often, ivory robed in dawn’s camouflaging fog, gliding vigilantly near midnight clouds, floating above her bed and sleeping form, hovering behind her back, vanishing just as she turns, reappearing with observant eyes and a granitic expression.
About David Murphy
David Murphy is an author who is working in Mexico. He writes novels, poems, and short stories for children and adults. He received his M.A. in English from Kansas State University where he won the Seaton Fellowship for Creative Writing. Since then, he's worked in the field of Education in Afghanistan, Saudi Arabia, Mexico, and Washington state. Contact him at: DavidMurphy13 at Gmail dot com.
View all posts by David Murphy →
This entry was posted in Stories and tagged 2, Aboard, Any, Bathtub, Chapter, Divorce, Maiden's, Marriage, Sierra, Travel, Trouble, Weed, Without. Bookmark the permalink.
Content © 2019, David Landon Murphy, All Rights Reserved.
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Vittoria Cottage
Caroline opened the door and saw Mr. Shepperton standing on the step. “Oh, it’s you!” she exclaimed in surprise.
“Did you—were you expecting someone else?” he asked.
“Only the Queen,” replied Caroline, chuckling. “Don’t mind me,” she added. “I often go slightly mad.”
Caroline Dering, a widow with three grown children, lives a cheerful, quiet life near the idyllic English village of Ashbridge. But things are about to liven up, as daughter Leda announces a problematic engagement to the son of the local squire, son James returns from service and pursues romance with the squire’s independent daughter, and sister Harriet, a famous actress who latest play has bombed, retreats to Ashbridge for a break. Then there’s Robert Shepperton, a charming widower recovering from the losses of war at the local inn . . .
These problems, as well as smaller challenges with an overbearing village organizer, the blustering Sir Michael, and Caroline’s daily help (“who rejoices in the name of Comfort Podbury”), are resolved with all of D.E. Stevenson’s flair for gentle humour, clever plotting, and characters who walk right off the page.
Furrowed Middlebrow and Dean Street Press have also reprinted Music in the Hills and Winter and Rough Weather, which continue the stories of some of the characters from Vittoria Cottage. All the novels feature an introduction by Alexander McCall Smith.
“A well-balanced novel that moves swiftly enough for any taste.” Manchester Evening News
“It is a family novel, and few writers can do this sort of thing better than Miss Stevenson.” Glasgow Herald
ISBN: 978 1 913054 63 2(paperback)/978 1 913054 64 9 (ebook)
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Mathematics Questions for CDS & CAPF: 21st November
Dear Students, Defence Adda is providing you all with this quiz on Mathematics questions for CDS, AFCAT, CAPF and other Defence Examinations. The questions asked in Mathematics Section of most of the defence examinations are based on the topics from Mathematics of Class 11th and 12th. The questions asked in this section are complex and comparatively difficult but once attempted with high accuracy, can fetch you full marks in this section. Also, practice on a daily basis helps one dive into the core concepts of a subject and thus, help her perform to the best of her ability in the real examinations. So, attempt the daily quizzes being provided by Defence Adda and score to the maximum in the Mathematics Section of all sorts of defence examinations.
Q1. A cloth merchant has announced 25% rebate on marked price. If one needs to have a rebate of Rs. 40, then how many shirts, each with a marked price Rs. 32, should he purchase?
(a) 8
(c) 6
Q2. A machine is marked for Rs. 8000 and dealer allows successive discounts of 1212%, 35% & 24%. Then how much amount is saved by a customer, who purchases the machine?
(a) 3458
(b) 4542
(d) 1729
Q3. Arun travels from New York to Washington at a constant speed. If he increases his speed by 10 km/h, it would take 1 hr less. It would have further 45 mins lesser if the speed was further increased by 10 km/h. The distance between the two cities is-
(a) 540 km
(b) 420 km
(c) 600 km
(d) 620 km
Q4. Twinkle takes three times as long as Darshika and Pehu together to do a job. Darshika takes four times as long as Twinkle and Pehu together to do the work. If all three, working together can complete the job in 24 days, then the number of days, Twinkle alone will take to finish the job is-
(a) 100
(b) 96
(c) 95
(d) 90
Q5. If x=211003+0.993+32110020.99+3211000.992, then x=?
(b) 5.002
Q6. There are two prisms. One has equilateral ∆ as its base & other has a hexagon. If both the prisms have equal height and volumes. Then find the ratio of the lengths of each side to their base.
(a) 6:1
(b) 23 :1
(c) 1 :6
(d) 1 :23
Q7. Total surface area of tetrahedron is, if its side is 1 cm.
(a) 13
(b) 122
Q8. Two circles having same diameter of 10 cm passes through each-other’s centre. Find the length of the common chord.
(d) 102
Q9. The ratio of land and water on the whole earth is 1 : 2 and on the northern hemisphere the ratio of land and water is 2 : 3. Then find the ratio of land and water on southern hemisphere?
(a) 4 : 13
(b) 13 : 5
(c) 4 : 11
(d) 13 : 4
DIRECTIONS: The following table gives zone-wise survey report of the people of a country who take coffee. Study the table answer question:
Q10. The percentage of people of south zone who take coffee at least once a day is close to-
(a) 33.51
(b) 42.72
(c) 75.81
(d) 80.82
S1. Ans.(b);
= 5 shirts
Let original speed = x
= 420 km
S5. Ans.(d);
S6. Ans.(a);
S7. Ans.(c);
S10. Ans.(c);
Mathematics Questions for CDS & CAPF: 21st November Reviewed by shivali on November 21, 2018 Rating: 5
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A Soviet Fighter Plane’s Tragic Error Brought Us Google Maps
Warrior Maven Video Above: How Will Navy Ships Destroy ICBMs? First Ever - Major Breakthrough
By Sebastien Roblin, War Is Boring
The April 1978 shootdown of Korean Air Lines Flight 902 by a Soviet Su-15 fighter plane—which killed two passengers but spared 107 others—distressed the Soviet air force, not because it had shot down a civilian airliner, but rather that it had gotten so far into Soviet airspace before being intercepted.
Five years later, a second encounter between Su-15s and a Korean airliner would result in far heavier loss of life.
On Aug. 30, 1983, KAL Flight 007 departed from John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York, bound for Seoul with 269 crew and passengers aboard. The 747 airliner made a refueling stop at Anchorage, Alaska, where the crew was informed that one of radio navigation beacons the flight computer usually relied on was non-functional.
The crew was supposed to switch the computer to follow the a gyroscope-based Inertial Navigation System, but for some reason it was not properly reset. Thus, when the plane missed the beacon, its autopilot remained fixed on a straight-line heading mode which led it hundreds of miles off course towards the Kamchatka peninsula, which served as a base for Russian nuclear forces.
Cold War tensions were at peak that year, and an American RC-135 reconnaissance plane had snooped just outside the Kamchatka airspace earlier that day. When Soviet radars detected the approaching jumbo jet, the Soviet Air Defenses Forces (PVO) scrambled four MiG-23 interceptors to deal with the interloper.
However, heavy winds had disabled several of ground-based defense radars in the region, and without full coverage the Soviet fighter planes could not locate the airliner. The MiG-23s returned to base, short on fuel. This was in part due to a policy of limiting the fuel load on standby aircraft after defector Victor Belenko flew his MiG-25 all the way to Japan in 1975.
Korean Air Lines HL7442. Hansueli Krapf photo via Wikimedia
Thus, a jumbo jet flying at high altitude in a straight line, making no evasive maneuvers, managed to confound the Soviet air defense system and soar across the Kamchatka peninsula and back into international airspace. PVO commanders were hopping mad at the failure.
Declassified transcripts of the conversation between Gen. Valery Kamensky, commander of the Eastern District of the PVO, and his subordinate Anatoly Kornukov reveal that the former was ready to shoot down the escaping airplane over international airspace—after confirming it was not a civilian plane. Kornukov, however, felt that the intruder was clearly a military spy plane, and advocated a shoot-first approach.
Unfortunately, Flight 007’s straight line path took it back over Soviet airspace as it overflew the Sakhalin islands. The PVO had a new wave of three Su-15s and one MiG-23 ready to catch the intruder. Radio communication transcripts reveal that around 6:12 UTC, the Soviet fighters entered visual contact with Flight 007 and began acquiring missile locks.
Years later, Soviet pilot Genadi Osipovich recalled seeing the 747’s running lights and the row of lit windows along the passenger compartment. “I knew it was a civilian plane,” Genadi admitted in an interview with Izvestia, but “but it is easy to turn a civilian type of plane into one for military use.”
The 707 airliner is indeed the basis for a number of American reconnaissance planes. However, there are no espionage variants of the 747, which has an iconic humped profile.
In any case, Genadi did not tell his commanders that he had intercepted an airliner, and they did not ask him to I.D. the plane. They did instruct him to fire several warning bursts with his underwing cannon pods. Genadi fired more than 200 23-millimeter shells across the airliner’s nose, but the shots likely went undetected by the airliner crew, as his weapons lacked tracer ammunition.
Around this time, the Korean pilot even radioed flight control in Tokyo that he was climbing for reasons of fuel economy, without ever mentioning the Russian fighters. The Soviets perceived this as an evasive maneuver, which was seen as an admission of guilt.
Flight 007 would soon be exiting Soviet air space, so the PVO instructed Osipovich to “Destroy the target.” Like Kamensky before him, Osipovich was actually too close to use his missiles against the slow-moving airliner, and he had expended his cannon rounds on the warning shots. He instead dove a mile below the airliner, flipped his plane back up using his afterburners and successfully acquired a missile lock from below.
Two R-98 missies—an evolved variant of the R-8—streaked upwards toward the Boeing. One of the missiles detonated its large 88-pound proximity-fused warhead around 50 meters behind the 747’s tail. The blast severed the airliner’s elevator cables, disabled one of the four turbojet engines, and knocked out multiple hydraulic systems.
Shrapnel also tore a nearly two-foot wide hole in the fuselage, depressurizing the airplane. The second missile likely missed.
The damaged elevator cables actually caused Flight 007 to climb to higher altitude. The flight crew reported the damage to Tokyo and managed to keep their mortally wounded plane airborne for a dozen more minutes before the Boeing spiraled into the Sea of Japan near Moneron Island.
The shootdown became a flashpoint of the Cold War. Moscow initially denied knowing anything about the disappeared plane. However, Reagan decided to release the radio-intercepted communications between the Soviet pilots and their ground controllers—a capability the U.S. military had kept secret until then—in order to embarrass the Soviets.
Moscow eventually admitted to the shootdown, but even then, the Soviet account contained numerous “small lies” as Maj. Osipovich later admitted.
Meanwhile, Reagan played up the incident to rally anti-Soviet sentiment internationally, leading to a flurry of tit-for-tat diplomatic reprisals in the United Nations and the deployment of Pershing II nuclear missiles in West Germany. Soon, rival Soviet and Western rescue fleets clashed in the Sea of Japan as they searched first for survivors, and later bodies and wreckage, including the flight’s black box flight recorders.
By the end of the month, the Soviets turned over to Japan more than 200 shoes and other bits of luggage from Flight 007’s passengers. They found little in the way of human remains.
The Soviet Union never formally apologized for shooting down Flight 007, maintaining it had been involved in a spy flight. However, the United States also refused to apologize five years later when the U.S. Navy cruiser USS Vincennes mistakenly shot down Iranian Air Flight 655 over the Persian Gulf, killing all 290 on board.
For years, the Flight 007 shootdown generated numerous conspiracy theories attributing the airliner’s aberrant flight path to a nefarious CIA espionage plot. But shortly after the fall of the Soviet Union, the Russian government revealed it had secretly located the wreckage of Flight 007 seven weeks after the incident and had recovered the Black Box flight recorder.
Because the flight recorder failed to support the Soviet account, Moscow maintained a fake salvage mission to give the impression it was unaware of wreck’s location.
Russia finally shared the black box with the international community in 1992. The recording revealed the South Korean crew to be in a relaxed mood, completely unaware they were far off course and in mortal peril until after the missile struck their plane. It also revealed the jumbo jet had likely been hit while flying over international airspace.
The Flight 007 incident was tragic and terrible, but did contribute to aviation safety protocols requiring long-range military radars to assist in managing civilian air traffic. Three years later, Moscow and Washington established a joint air-traffic system.
And two weeks after the accident, Reagan announced he was making Global Positioning System technology freely available for civilian use due to the mind-boggling navigational errors which led to the tragedy. Prior to that, GPS had been reserved for the military.
Thus, the Google Maps app in your smartphone owes its existence in part to the over-zealousness of the Soviet Air Defense Forces.
Of course, GPS would likely have ended up in civilian use one way or another—but the Flight 007 catastrophe was the catalyst that finally made civilian GPS a reality, and may have facilitated its earlier adoption.
A Swedish Viggen fighter. Alan Wilson photo via Flickr
Deadly dogfight over the Baltic
Little less than a year after the Flight 007 shoot down, another Su-15 chased an Airbus 310 airliner 30 miles into Swedish territory. The Soviet pilot even reported that he had locked air-to-air missiles on the “spy plane”—until he realized he had made a serious navigational error.
In fact, the airspace over the Baltic was a hotbed of activity for both Scandinavian and Soviet air arms. Swedish Viggen fighters frequently shadowed Soviet aircraft and even closed within a few meters to take pictures of the flight crew as they practiced mock attacks on American carriers.
The Soviets sometimes reciprocated with photos of their own. You can see some of the remarkable images in this Swedish Daily article. However, one of these routine encounters ended disastrously, as recounted by Swedish fighter pilot Göran Larsson in Flygrevyn magazine.
On July 7, 1985, Larsson flew his Sh-37 Viggen maritime reconnaissance fighter over the Baltic using his nose-mounted surveillance camera to photograph Soviet ships performing a naval exercise. While he recorded his images, two Su-15TM Flagons swooped toward him, one of them falling in close beside him as he proceeded with his mission.
Larsson snapped several photos of the shadowing aircraft, which flew under the call sign Yellow 36. Then he returned to base for refueling.
On his second sortie that day, the same two Flagons returned. One of the Soviet fighters crowded in close to his wingtip, making it difficult for Larsson to record his images. The Swedish pilot attempted a series of tight turns and twists to shake off the interceptor, but it doggedly remained within 50 meters of his Viggen’s wingtip.
Annoyed, Larsson finally executed an extremely tight half-roll at around 400 miles per hour while only 500 meters above the Baltic.
The agile Viggen fighter is famous for its canards—a second small pair of wings alongside the nose—which grant it superb maneuverability. The Su-15, by contrast, was clumsy at low-altitude. Larsson’s Viggen managed to pull out of the roll just 100 meters over the water.
The Su-15TM. Alan Wilson photo via Flickr
His pursuer attempted to copy his maneuver—and stalled, smashing into the sea and exploding in a ball of fire.
Realizing his mission had gone terribly wrong, Larsson belted for home. The Su-15’s wingman came barreling toward him as if seeking revenge. Skimming just 50 meters over the water, Larsson hit the afterburner and broke the sound barrier, not an easy speed to maintain at low altitude where the air density is high.
The Su-15 fell behind him and locked its missiles on Larsson’s fighter—but then abruptly peeled away for home as two additional Viggens soared into the suddenly tense Baltic airspace. For next several months, Soviet and Swedish pilots scrupulously maintained their distance from one another.
The deceased Sukhoi pilot was one Capt. S. Zhigulyov of the 54th Guards Fighter Regiment based in Vainode, Latvia. Soviet ships searched for the pilot for two days without success. The remains of his flight jacket washed ashore a decade later. He was one of the many “non-combat” casualties suffered by both sides of the Cold War in countless games of cat-and-mouse.
Despite the Sukhoi Su-15’s elegantly clean design and good high speed performance, it had the misfortune of being designed for a high-altitude interception mission that was becoming outdated by advances in tactics and technology by the time it entered service.
Russia retired its last 320 Su-15TMs shortly after the collapse of the Soviet Union as part of the force reductions mandated by the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe. A small number remained in Ukrainian service until 1996.
The aerial sentries of the Soviet Union had seen their last flight, but not before leaving a surprisingly large mark on world history—if not exactly one its designers had intended.
This piece was originally published by War Is Boring
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Denton a village in South Norfolk, England
Help & accessibility / Skip to content
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Finding Denton
Kathleen Pointer 1928 - 2019
From the Parish News – December 2019
KATHLEEN PRISCILLA POINTER (Nee LUBBOCK) - DIED 13th OCTOBER 2019 - AGED 91 YRS
A Service of Thanksgiving for the life of Kathleen was held in Denton St. Mary’s Church on 4th November; Chris Whipps and Gill Hipwell officiated. The Service was attended by many relatives and friends of a very well loved and highly respected lady. Eulogies were given by Gill and Kathleen’s grandson Darren.
Kathleen Priscilla Lubbock lived during her early childhood with her parents who worked at “Herringfleet Hall” in Somerleyton. During the duration of the war she came to live with her Auntie Kay Fairhead who lived at Chapel Corner when she went to Denton School. Although she returned briefly to Somerleyton after the war, her heart was still in Denton and she returned regularly.
It was during these visits that she fell in love with John Pointer whose family were farming at Lodge Farm in Middle Road. The courtship flourished, they made numerous cycle rides together to functions around the area, they became a keen ballroom dancing couple attending dances as far away as Wilby. In 1947 they were married in Somerleyton Church when Kathleen moved into Lodge Farm where they lived with John’s parents. John continued to work on the farm with his brother George and his wife Dorothy; Kathleen helped with domestic work with the Lee Warner family.
While living at Lodge Farm Kathleen gave birth to their two children, Brenda and Michael. However when George Pointer senior died in the mid-sixties the tenancy at Lodge Farm ended, John and Kathleen moved briefly to Vale Farm, but soon followed to Paynes Hill Farm. There they set up a Bed & Breakfast business which, with Brenda’s help, they ran for 25 years entertaining visitors from far and wide many of whom built up lasting friendships with frequent return visits.
In her spare time Kathleen studied needlework, becoming a very accomplished dressmaker whose talents were soon in demand for making wedding dresses and other speciality clothing. She qualified to teach at schools and took evening classes in Bungay. Kathleen had always been very active in village activities serving for thirty years as Churchwarden at St Mary’s where she spent many hours caring within the Church as well as making use of her talents for money raising efforts and the making of choir robes etc. She became chair of the W.I. and a member of Denton Art Club where even more talents were revealed with her beautiful paintings and drawings.
Her Grandson Darren spoke of her as a wonderful “Nan” who gave him and his brother Mark and their Dad, Michael, so much loving support when their mother Carol died in a tragic road accident. He also mentioned her profound love of animals which were kept by her and John in the house and buildings, but perhaps most of all was the fact that she always had a ready smile, this was something recognised by everyone who knew her.
Our sympathy and condolences go to Brenda and Roy who cared for her during her closing years: Michael and his family Darren, Mark and Ellie and great-grandchildren: Shabnum, Rosa, and Amira; Danielle, Carly and Chloe.
Return to Obituaries Page.
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Congressional authorizers approve unprecedented $5.7B, seven-year V-22 multiyear contract
The fiscal year 2018 defense policy bill agreed to by House and Senate authorizers approves a seven-year V-22 Osprey multiyear procurement contract with a caveat -- the aircraft must include common configuration improvements.
Navy issues request for information for V-22 engine inlet system solutions
The Navy is seeking cost-effective solutions for an upgraded engine inlet system to increase particle filtration efficiency and improve engine time-on-wing, according to a request for information.
Sikorsky completes critical design review of CRH training systems
Sikorsky passed a critical design review for its Combat Rescue Helicopter's training systems last month, allowing the program to progress to assembly, test and evaluation, the company announced this week.
TCM FVL: Army 'did not look to bound the solution' for Capability Set 3
The Army is employing "an open approach" to establishing and refining requirements for the first aircraft in the Future Vertical Lift family of systems, according to the program's Training and Doctrine Command capability manager.
10th CAB commander touts readiness built on rotation to Europe
The commander of the first combat aviation brigade to deploy to Europe as part of a heel-to-toe rotation of forces says the readiness gained there means the CAB "should be one of the first . . . the Army calls if they need one."
Army aviation prepares for operations in A2/AD environment
The Army's aviation branch is crafting new doctrine and revising its training emphasis to better operate in a complex environment against a near-peer adversary, according to the commander of the Aviation Center of Excellence.
Army personnel to train initial Afghan Black Hawk pilots
Army service members will train the first Afghan Air Force pilots to fly their new Black Hawk helicopters, but the training will eventually be supported by contractors as well, according to the head of Army security assistance.
Sikorsky to explore IR countermeasures, DVE safety as part of Block 1 CRH upgrades
Sikorsky is preparing to look at when and how to upgrade its HH-60W after it is fielded as the Air Force's Combat Rescue Helicopter, in a study of potential Block 1 capabilities that could last up to a year.
Sierra Nevada Corp. bids to replace Huey while Bell passes
Sierra Nevada Corp. is offering the UH-60L Force Hawk, a modernized Black Hawk variant, in the Air Force's competition to replace its aging Bell UH-1N helicopters.
Special investigator urges DOD to draw up 'mitigation strategies' for developing Afghan Air Force
The Defense Department needs to learn from past failures and put mitigation strategies in place as it prepares to ramp up the development of the fledgling Afghan Air Force, according to the Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction.
Lockheed Martin expects MH-60 AOEW model award by end of month
Lockheed Martin anticipates later this month the Navy will award it a contract to begin producing engineering development models of electronic warfare pods for the service's fleet of MH-60 Seahawk helicopters, according to a company executive.
Reducing commonality could pose logistics challenges, Army officials warn
The Army has to find the appropriate balance between commonality and additional capability in its aviation fleet, according to service officials.
Officials outline aviation role in future maneuver
Army aviation will play a vital role in enabling maneuver forces in the future operating environment, according to service leaders.
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Science and technology efforts are a critical part of the Army's efforts to keep pace with and stay ahead of evolving threats, service and industry officials said at a Sept. 7 conference hosted by the Association of the United States Army.
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Army commits to 20 percent fewer Black Hawks than originally planned in new multiyear deal
The Army is executing a multiyear procurement contract for UH-60M utility helicopters with Sikorsky that obligates the government to buy 51 fewer helicopters, or 20 percent less, between fiscal years 2017 and 2021 than the service originally proposed to Congress when seeking authorization for a five-year deal, offsetting the cuts in part with foreign military sales.
DOD inks award for maintaining Afghan Air Force UH-60 helicopters
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The Trump administration is echoing concerns raised by the Obama administration about the ability of the aerospace sector to sustain the unique design and manufacturing skills needed to ensure future U.S. military combat aircraft can be both designed and produced, according to a report by the Pentagon office charged with monitoring the defense industrial base.
AMRDEC holding industry day for JMR TD MSAD
The Army is looking to increase collaboration with industry ahead of an anticipated capstone demonstration for open architecture, according to a notice on Federal Business Opportunities.
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United Spinal Association, et al. v. Board of Elections (BOE)
Click here for case documents Landmark Decision By Federal Appellate Court Vindicates The Rights Of Voters With Disabilities In New York City Status: Active
In 2010, DRA, United Spinal Association and Disabled in Action filed a lawsuit on behalf of all New Yorkers of voting age with mobility and vision disabilities, who face access barriers attempting to vote privately and independently at their designated polling sites in New York City year after year.
After more than four years of contested litigation and an appeal, a unanimous panel of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit found that the Board of Elections in New York City discriminated against voters with disabilities by failing to make its poll sites accessible on Election Day. The Court explained: “Here, the relevant benefit is the opportunity to fully participate in BOE’s voting program. This includes the option to cast a private ballot on election days. Indeed, to assume the benefit is anything less – such as merely the opportunity to vote at some time and in some way – would render meaningless the mandate that public entities may not “afford persons with disabilities services that are not equal to that afforded to others.” Among other things, the Court found that “By designating inaccessible poll sites and failing to assure their accessibility through temporary equipment, procedures, and policies on election days, BOE denies plaintiffs meaningful access to its voting program.”
The Court of Appeals also affirmed the remedial plan ordered by the trial court. The plan requires the Board of Elections to designate a disability coordinator at each poll site on Election Day, to work with an outside accessibility consultant to survey the approximately 1,300 polling sites in New York City, and to remove access barriers where appropriate or identify alternate accessible locations to replace inaccessible poll sites.
DRA continues its advocacy efforts to monitor the Board of Elections compliance with the Court’s Order.
Disability: Blind/Low Vision, Mobility Case Area: Architectural Barriers, Public Entities, Technology, Voting
Case Files Read Plaintiffs' Brief Read the Amicus Brief filed by the U.S. Department of Justice Read the Opinion Order of the District Court
Press Releases Landmark Decision By Federal Appellate Court Vindicates The Rights Of Voters With Disabilities In New York City United States Department of Justice Supports New Yorkers with Disabilities who Seek to Vote at Poll Sites on Election Day Federal Court Orders NYC Board Of Elections To Adopt A Plan To Eliminate Voting Barriers For New Yorkers With Disabilities Landmark Decision: Voter Polling Sites Must be Accessible for People with Disabilities on Election Day
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Martin Garrix locked to return to Tomorrowland with STMPD RCRDS stage
The G-Man's stage returns for round 2...
DJ Mag Staff
Martin Garrix is set to curate his own stage at Tomorrowland 2018 after the roaring success that was his STMPD RCRDS stage last year.
The Dutch superstar hosted the likes of Steve Angello, Riton, Cassius, and Don Diablo on the STMPD RCRDS stage in 2017. Last year's festival was huge for Garrix, who also debuted his new YTRAM alias and closed the main stage. This year he will be hosting the stage on Saturday July 21st.
Tomorrowland today announced all of this year's stages, with Eric Prydz' Pryda Arena returning for a second year and Charlotte de Witte locked to host her first stage at the festival with her KNTXT techno concept among many more over the course of two weekends.
Back in October 2017 Tomorrowland revealed that the theme for 2018's festival would be The Story of Planaxis. The festival's respective weekends will run from the 20th to 22nd and 27th to 29th of July.
Check out the video of Garrix closing Tomorrowland's mainstage last year below.
Martin Garrix STMPD RCRDS Tomorrowland 2018 Festival
Christoph de Babalon, Afrodeutsche, rRoxymore, more locked for RE-TEXTURED Festival 2020
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Coachella announces full line-up for 2020
Kappa Futur Festival locks Carl Cox, Diplo, Michael Bibi, more for 2020
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Raving is for everyone: The problem with ageism in dance music
Submitted by Harold Heath on Wed, 2019-07-03 16:24
Read more about Raving is for everyone: The problem with ageism in dance music
Hearing damage: A DJs guide to preventing tinnitus
Submitted by DJ Mag Staff on Sat, 2019-03-09 11:55
I had what you could call a dream career. From resident DJ at Leeds’ legendary Mint Club to headlining parties around the world and releasing music on some of the most respected labels in house and techno; over 20 years as a DJ, producer, audio engineer and touring DJ, I achieved more than I ever imagined when I first bought my set of turntables.
UNDERSTANDING TINNITUS
Firstly, we need to understand what’s physically happening to cause tinnitus. One common way people will report tinnitus is from over-exposure to noise. We have two sets of hair cells in the cochlea; one acts as an ampli er and the second acts as sensory info to the brain. If you keep aggravating them, they get worn down. They only have so much life.
"It became clear that emotions and physical tensions were triggering this ringing in my head..."
My lifestyle at the time had a lot to do with this. I was experiencing lots of travel, unhealthy eating, drinking habits, late nights and all the partying. All these elements were making my nervous system hyper-sensitive, which was something I needed to radically change if I was to continue to enjoy music and the career I had made for myself.
Read more about Hearing damage: A DJs guide to preventing tinnitus
Paul Kalkbrenner: Techno's reluctant superstar
Submitted by DJ Mag Staff on Mon, 2018-06-18 11:59
Berlin is a city that’s always maintained an uneasy relationship with celebrity culture. It was here that David Bowie went to get away from the glare of the British press, a move that would have a profound creative effect both on his music and his personality. Its oft-brutalist architecture, dingy clubs, damp studios and derelict warehouse spaces might boast their own appeal, but they’re a far cry from the Hollywood Hills. While Berlin is a city that’s embraced techno like nowhere else on earth, it’s also not the sort of place that fosters hometown superstars.
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12 Irish acts you need to know about
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HIGH CONTRAST: SHOOTING THE BREEZE WITH THE D&B EXPERIMENTER
Submitted by DJ Mag Staff on Fri, 2016-11-25 16:23
Lincoln Barrett really loves movies. Invited into his spacious house in the town of Penarth, minutes from central Cardiff, it’s impossible not to notice the plethora of film memorabilia in every room. 1960s Italian film posters hang on his walls; the area below his home studio is a screening room with a video projector; and we notice that the gift of an obscure ’70s thriller DVD is waiting for him on his doormat outside.
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DJ MAG MEETS FACTORY FLOOR
Submitted by DJ Mag Staff on Thu, 2016-09-29 16:35
“Everything around you is so cluttered. If you go online and look at social media, it’s this big bombardment of stuff. I really wanted to de-clutter everything.”
A jet-lagged Nik Void — guitarist, singer, and now chief synth modulator — is trying to explain over Skype the minimalism at the core of Factory Floor’s new album. It’s only their second; despite having been around in various incarnations for over seven years, the band have never been the most prolific when it comes to traditional releases.
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SIMON SHACKLETON TALKS HIS SONIC TRANSFORMATION
There is one story told by Simon Shackleton which perfectly crystallises his status as the polar opposite of the stereotyped ‘Hollywood DJ’, all champagne-spraying, crowd-surfing, cake-throwing personality chasm.
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DJ MAG MEETS JOSEPH CAPRIATI FOR OUR AUGUST COVER
Joseph Capriati is the rapidly-rising Italian techno star who's broadened his sound out for Ibiza to inject more groove into it. Leaving behind the Music On night with Marco Carola at Amnesia on the White Isle, he's teamed up with Jamie Jones for some dates at Paradise at DC10 this summer — playing some back-to-back sets with the Hot Creations man in the process — and has been busy setting up his own new label and touring the world.
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SUPERCHARGED: DJ MAG IBIZA HANGS OUT WITH CHUCKIE
Chuckie is a man always on the move. One of the original pioneers of the Dutch house movement, Chuckie (real name Clyde Sergio Narain) has made an indelible mark on dance music, creating one of the globe’s most recognisable party brands with his imprint-cum-club-tour, Dirty Dutch.
It’s thanks to Dirty Dutch’s success that he’s always on the road, taking a whopping 400 flights last year alone. He’s got 175 shows on the cards for this year, including his usual residencies in Las Vegas, LA and beyond.
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RUMOR HAS IT: DJ MAG IBIZA MEETS GUY GERBER
Submitted by Charlotte Lucy ... on Mon, 2016-07-18 12:03
“Do you mind if I play this while we talk?”
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ROGUES LIBRARY
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"Savile Row Meets Rock 'n Roll" - GQ Magazine.
We opened in NoLita, New York City in 2003 on a mission to better dress the gentlemen and rogues of New York City and beyond. To create a club of characters. And give them reasons to dress up in our bespoke suits. Fortunately for us the world, clients, and the press responded. And still do. Our unique combination of classic bespoke tailoring, irreverent twists, exceptional events and general curation of the good life has led to many fun things. We've dressed the great and the good, and in some cases characters bordering on insane. We've thrown cocktail parties in vintage double decker buses, grand cru wine tastings on 200 foot schooners, legendary dinners in the lobby of Chateau Marmont, Gumballed and Goldrushed and Elephant Charged across continents, raised money for good causes, and generally whooped it up as much as we can adding stories, as well as bespoke suits along the way. We've been featured in newspapers, magazines and TV shows all over the world including the NYT Magazine, GQ, Esquire, Details, Departures, Town&Country, Forbes, Fortune, Worth, WSJ, FT, Guardian, Le Monde, Corriera Della Serra, EsquireTV and others. Inspired by gentlemen and rogues from Sir Ian Fleming's James Bond to Cary Grant's John "The Cat" Robie.
When DQ was small he always told his parents he wanted to be an architect and a stuntman. He was diverted by mathematics and law. But eventually found he had somewhat of a knack for spacial things. Both human and mechanical. He also has an exceptional eye for color, texture, and character. And so it was that he came to do the architecture for suits for bodies, and get behind the wheel of anything that goes fast. He had also realized when involved with the hospitality business that although people will tell you never to judge a book by its cover, almost everyone does. Which makes for interesting possibilities when manipulating perception. 80% of communication has been shown to be non-verbal. Think about that for a second. Eighty-percent of what you say does not come out of your mouth. And is not enunciated by your thoughts becoming words. It is enunciated by what you wear and how you look.. and act. And so, yet again, although we make suits, we are not your average suit maker. It's not just about taking measurements and you choosing your cloth. It's about achieving a mission. Maximizing "you" for the challenges you will be faced with in life. Whether by dialing up or down the volume of the message the suit speaks. More understated, less understated, more elegant, less elegant, more formal, less formal. Adding or deducting small signals which people will perceive. So while a bespoke DQ suit is still a suit, more than that it is your message to the world. Lets work together to make sure it's the message you want it to be.
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Opportunity of a lifetime: DSU CB Jay Liggins hoping for shot at the NFL
Jay Liggins was 11 years old when he left Memphis, Tenn. He remembers it was a Thursday.
Just four days earlier, his mother had made an abrupt decision to move he and his 10 siblings across the country to escape inner-city violence and find a hometown more suitable for raising a large family.
Of all places, they ended up in Bismarck, N.D., a city one-tenth the size of Memphis in a state none of them had ever been to and knew little about.
“It was such a random decision,” Liggins said.
Yet it was one that became incredibly fateful to Liggins’ future, despite numerous challenges he would end up facing along the way.
Later this month, the former Dickinson State University standout cornerback will likely get an opportunity to be the first Blue Hawk signed by a National Football League team.
“It’s an opportunity of a lifetime,” Liggins said. “It’s something I wanted to do, and the fact that it’s in front of me, I had to grab it.”
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Author Dustin MonkePosted on March 23, 2019 March 23, 2019 Categories SportsTags Blue Hawks, cornerback, dickinson state blue hawks, dickinson state university, Draft, dsu blue hawks, jay liggins, ndsu pro day, NFL, nfl draft, nfl draft sleepers, North Dakota, north dakota state pro day, rookie free agent, SportsLeave a comment on Opportunity of a lifetime: DSU CB Jay Liggins hoping for shot at the NFL
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