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Question of the Week Archive
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Human Resources/Academic Personnel Launch One Workflow to Handle All Employee Separations
In its continuing effort to streamline processes, the Human Resources Records Office and Academic Personnel launched the new Notice of Separation (NOS) workflow. The NOS workflow merges the Notice of Voluntary Separation (NOVS) workflow, Notice of Separation form and the Departure List into one comprehensive workflow. The NOS workflow will provide better communication to stakeholders, improve customer service, reduce manual processing time and improve security access management.
Previously, there were two methods for separating an employee from the university. Most voluntary (i.e., resignations, retirement) separations were conducted by using the Notice of Voluntary Separation workflow. Involuntary (i.e., terminations for cause, end of term appointments, negative tenure decisions) separations were conducted using the Notice of Separation paper form. The new NOS workflow will now be used for voluntary and involuntary separations of all faculty and staff members.
The employee’s supervising authority is responsible for completing the NOS workflow prior to the employee’s last day of employment. The NOS workflow is available through FlashLine as follows:
Open FlashLine
Select the My Action Items tab
Locate the Notice of Separation links in the Workflow section. Select the Notice of Separation link to launch new NOS workflow or search for workflows submitted on or after Aug. 13, 2013. Select the Notice of Voluntary Separation Archived link to search for workflows submitted on or before Aug. 12, 2013
A pop up message will appear
Click Continue
The Notice of Separation training documents are available in the HR Forms Library in the Resignation and Separation Forms and Information Folder.
If you have questions regarding the Notice of Separation workflow for staff, you may contact the Human Resources Records Office at 330-672-8316. Faculty-related questions should be directed to Academic Personnel at 330-672-2220.
Get Ready for Open Enrollment
Kent State faculty and staff are invited to attend an Open Enrollment and Wellness Fair that is most convenient, based on time and location being offered. The Open Enrollment and Wellness Fairs will take place on all campuses at the following times, dates and locations:
Kent 10/15/13 9 a.m.-3 p.m. Kent Student Center Ballroom
Stark 10/10/13 1-3 p.m. Campus Center
Tuscarawas 10/10/13 9-11 a.m. Student Center
Salem 10/8/13 2-4 p.m. Room 134
East Liverpool 10/8/13 10 a.m.-noon Slak Shack
Trumbull 10/7/13 9-11 a.m. Room 117-T (Technology Building)
Ashtabula 10/9/13 9-11 a.m. Blue and Gold Room
Geauga 10/9/13 1-3 p.m. Clark Commons
College of Podiatric Medicine 10/11/13 1-3 p.m. PodMed Classroom
Employees will be able to meet with representatives from the university’s various benefits providers for 2014, find out more about the voluntary insurance options available and get information on the wellness resources offered.
The fair is an excellent opportunity for employees to get the information they need to make their decisions for Open Enrollment, which is Oct. 13-25. Please make every effort to coordinate work schedules so employees may attend the fair.
A list of the vendors and additional activities will be available in the October edition of Management Update. You may also contact the Benefits Office at 330-672-3107 or benefits@kent.edu.
Reporting Sex Discrimination, Sexual Harassment and Sexual Misconduct
Managers and supervisors are asked to share the information below with their staff members regarding requirements to report any instance of sexual harassment or misconduct.
It is important that all Kent State University students, employees and visitors enjoy an environment free from unlawful discrimination and harassment. This is reflected in the fact that we are protected from unlawful discrimination by several state and federal laws, as well as university policies 5-16 and 5-16.2. Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 is a federal law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in educational institutions. Sex discrimination includes sexual harassment and sexual misconduct, which will not be tolerated at Kent State.
All Kent State employees are required to report any instance of sexual harassment or misconduct to the Title IX coordinator or a deputy coordinator, and in the case of sexual assault, to the police.
Sexual Harassment is unwelcome conduct of a sexual nature. It includes, but is not limited to: sexual advances, requests for sexual favors and other verbal, nonverbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature.
Sexual Misconduct is sexual contact with a person without their consent. It includes, but is not limited to: touching or fondling, rape (defined as vaginal, anal or oral penetration with a body part or object without consent), sexual exploitation (e.g., videotaping sexual acts without consent) or letting someone else watch sexual acts without your partner's consent.
Retaliatory Harassment occurs when someone complains of or participates in an investigation of discrimination (including harassment or misconduct), and because of it, they experience verbal or electronic harassment, threats or other forms of negative treatment.
What do I do if a student, coworker or campus visitor confides in me that they were sexually harassed or sexually assaulted (regardless of where or when it occurred)?
Let them know that you cannot ensure confidentiality. As an employee, you are required to report any alleged incident of sexual harassment or sexual misconduct that is brought to your attention. The only university employees that may ensure confidentiality are licensed counselors and unlicensed trainees of any university psychological services programs.
In the instance of sexual assault, encourage the student, employee or visitor to seek medical treatment and contact the appropriate law enforcement agency to report the incident.
Let them know where they can get help. The Office of Sexual and Relationship Violence Support Services (SRVSS) website provides resources for victims and those who want to help. Jennifer O'Connell, the program coordinator for the Office of Sexual and Relationship Violence Support Services, can also assist victims. O'Connell's office is at the Women's Center, and she can be reached at 330-672-9230 or joconne5@kent.edu.
Report any incident to the Title IX coordinator or a deputy coordinator, and in the case of assault, to the police. For emergencies, call 911; otherwise, Kent State police can be reached at 330-672-2212. Contact information for the Title IX coordinator and deputy coordinators is below:
Loretta Shields, Title IX coordinator: 330-672-2038, aa_eo@kent.edu or lshields@kent.edu
Julie Di Biasio, deputy coordinator: 330-672-3391 or jdibiasi@kent.edu
Pamela Fitzgerald, deputy coordinator: 330-672-2521 or pfitzge3@kent.edu
Janet Kittell, deputy coordinator (athletics): 330-672-8461 or jkittell@kent.edu
To schedule sexual assault and sexual harassment awareness training for faculty or staff, including how to recognize a student in distress, contact O'Connell at the phone number and email address listed above.
More information is also available on the SRVSS and the Human Resources websites.
Kent State University Launches Step Up and Speak Out Campaign
Kent State University has developed a suicide and violence prevention campaign that promotes campus safety and greater awareness of mental health concerns, including risk factors for suicide. Titled “Step Up and Speak Out,” the campaign represents a collaborative effort of Kent State Psychological Services, University Health Services, the Office of the Vice President for Enrollment Management and Student Affairs, and Kent State Police Services, and aims to support individuals in need by educating university community members on protocols and resources designed to assist in disruptive situations or with distressed individuals.
All faculty and staff should have received a packet of materials about the campaign in August. A campus announcement was also included in e-Inside. If you would like someone to attend a department meeting to talk more about the Step Up and Speak Out resource materials and campaign, please contact the Office of the Vice President for Enrollment Management and Student Affairs at 330-672-4050 to schedule a visit.
It’s our campus. It’s our community. We’re all responsible. Step Up and Speak Out.
For more information about the Step Up and Speak Out campaign, visit http://stepupspeakout.kent.edu.
Maintaining a Safe Learning and Working Environment
As the school year begins, managers and supervisors are reminded that it is everyone’s responsibility to maintain a safe learning and working environment. This includes making sure your employees participate in any job-specific safety training, follow appropriate workplace safety procedures and regulations and do not take any shortcuts on the job that may jeopardize their safety or the safety of others.
The Compliance and Risk Management unit is part of the Division of Business and Finance and oversees environmental health, laboratory and fire safety on all campuses. Training is offered throughout the year in each of these areas, either in-person or online. Customized training for individual departments is available upon request. Compliance and Risk Management also has a Forms Library, with all the necessary forms and paperwork required for safety compliance.
More detailed training information, the Forms Library and other useful resources can be found online atwww.kent.edu/compliance. The Compliance and Risk Management Office is located in 310 Harbourt Hall. You can also call 330-672-1944 or send an email to compliance@kent.edu.
Nominate Your Choice for Excellence
Please remind members of your staff that there’s still time to submit nominations for the fifth annual President’s Excellence Award. Nominations will be accepted through Friday, Sept. 13.
Kent State President Lester A. Lefton established the award program in 2009 as a way to recognize staff members who demonstrate their daily commitment to carrying out the university’s Excellence Agenda.
The President’s Excellence Award recognizes exceptional performance during the previous fiscal year (July 1, 2012, through June 30, 2013). Full-time classified and unclassified employees at all campuses who have been employed by the university for a minimum of one year and are in good standing are eligible to be nominated. Past recipients are not eligible for a minimum of two years following their award, and faculty are not eligible.
The award recipients will be announced in December. Each recipient will receive a check for $1,000, after taxes. Details on the award criteria and the nomination form are available online.
If you have questions regarding the award or nomination process, please contact Geraldine Hayes-Nelson, Ph.D., executive director for HR Outreach and Initiatives, at 330-672-2901 or ghnelson@kent.edu.
September Leave Balance Reminders
Please remind staff in your area about the two September deadlines for employees who earn vacation. You should also make sure that leave approvers have reviewed and approved any outstanding leave reports.
The annual sick leave conversion is Sept. 1-14, and the process can be completed electronically through the My HR tab in FlashLine. Per policy 6-11.2, administrative policy regarding conversion of sick leave, eligible full-time employees with a balance of at least 500 sick leave hours may convert a maximum of 40 hours to vacation or a combination of vacation and personal leave. Eligible part-time employees with a minimum balance of 250 sick hours may convert up to 24 hours. Eligible employees have received an email with instructions on how to convert the time.
Classified and unclassified staff has until Sept. 30 to use vacation time that has accrued beyond the maximum allowed. After Sept. 30 any vacation balances beyond the maximum will be forfeited. Employees who are over the allowed maximum have been notified through an email.
Questions on the sick leave conversion or the vacation cutback should be directed to a member of the HR records staff at 330-672-8316.
National Hispanic Heritage Month
Sept. 2 Labor Day (university closed)
Sept. 5-6 Rosh Hashanah (Jewish observance begins at sundown)
Sept. 8 International Literacy Day
Sept. 11 Day of Service and Remembrance (anniversary of U.S. terrorist attacks)
Sept. 14 Yom Kippur (Jewish observance begins at sundown)
Sept. 17 Constitution Day, Citizenship Day
Sept. 21 International Peace Day
Sept. 22 First Day of Autumn
This e-newsletter is designed to keep you, the managers and supervisors, informed. Please take a few minutes to let us know what you think of it, along with any comments or suggestions. You may contact us atmanagersfeedback@kent.edu. We look forward to hearing from you.
For information about events and programs for university employees, please check out the Faculty and Staff calendar and share the information with your staff.
Heer Hall, 635 Loop Road, Kent, OH, 44242
hrweb [at] kent.edu
Employee Resource Manual
Employee/Labor Relations
HR Records & Operations
Policy Register (Ch 6-Personnel)
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News/Talk Shows
Spy Music Shows
StateImpact Oklahoma
Oklahoma Engaged
New Music Weekly
Oklahoma Music Minute
Oklahoma Music
Tiny Town Concerts
NPR - First Listen
NPR - Heavy Rotation
NPR - Live Concerts
NPR - Tiny Desk Concerts
NPR - Studio Sessions
NPR - Field Recordings
Business Circle
Matching Companies
Champions Circle
About KOSU
Facility Rental / ISDN
KOSU
Jobs at KOSU
KOSU and StateImpact Oklahoma currently have two professional full-time and one part-time opening:
KOSU - Agriculture and Rural Issues Reporter (full-time)
KOSU - Financial Assistant (part-time)
StateImpact Oklahoma - Managing Editor (full-time)
Agriculture and Rural Issues Reporter (full-time)
KOSU seeks an agriculture and rural issues reporter with the mission to uncover stories that deeply affect Oklahomans but are untold by existing media. The journalist will report for KOSU and contribute to Harvest Public Media, a Midwest and Great Plains regional journalism collaboration focusing on food systems, agriculture and rural issues. The goal is to provide in-depth and unbiased reporting on complex issues, often connecting the Heartland to the rest of the country.
The successful candidate will have a strong understanding of the unique culture of rural America and respect the stories of its people. They will have the ability to do enterprise reporting and work with a diverse set of constituencies. They will have deep listening skills and the ability to weave a compelling audio story. Other useful skills include the ability to tell a story in digital format, basic photography and/or fluency in Spanish.
Report for America is a new model that provides emerging journalists with full-time experience working in local newsrooms in undercovered corners of America. Corps members are carefully selected based on skill, character and commitment to public service journalism. Report for America is open to anyone who wants to be a local journalist and has the skills and character to make an immediate difference. The process is highly selective. Interested candidates apply to the national organization, which will select finalists with the help of a committee of journalists and community service leaders.
The successful candidate will begin with an intensive week of training with Report for America and will be expected to perform a service requirement during their one-year commitment. This may include helping a local student organization start or strengthen a student-run news organization.
The term for Report for America is one year. However, if funding is available and KOSU and the successful candidate mutually agree to continue, the term could be extended.
Interested candidates can apply now at reportforamerica.org. Applications close January 31, 2020. Corps members will be announced in April 2020 and will be required to participate in a one-week intensive training paid for by Report for America before a projected job start date of June 1, 2020.
Financial Assistant (part-time)
KOSU seeks an organized, detail-oriented numbers wizard to help with donor services, financial data, and general office duties.
The part-time financial assistant will prepare and maintain monthly reports and reconciliations, input data into an accounting system, generate and maintain accounting spreadsheets, and assist in preparation of financial records for annual audit.
KOSU is a donor-centered organization. The successful candidate may be asked to participate in fundraising activities that could include providing documentation for donors or foundations that provide the station money.
Minimum qualifications include:
High school diploma or GED;
At least one year of related experience;
Hands-on experience with spreadsheets and proprietary software;
Proven ability to calculate, post and manage accounting figures and financial records;
Solid understanding of accounting payable/receivable principles;
Extreme attention to detail and accuracy;
Proficiency in MS Office;
Proficient in database and accounting software including Excel;
Background in accounting, bookkeeping and/or financial management; and
Familiar with basic accounting principles.
Preferred qualifications include:
Five years of accounting and/or bookkeeping experience.
The part-time financial assistant will be an Oklahoma State University employee. The hourly pay range is between $10.45 and $16.30. The position is open until filled.
The application is made online at https://okstate.csod.com/ats/careersite/JobDetails.aspx?site=8&id=7595 – search for requisition number 7595.
StateImpact Oklahoma currently has one professional full-time opening:
StateImpact Managing Editor (full-time)
StateImpact Oklahoma seeks a dynamic, innovative news leader to build upon a strong tradition of collaborative local, state and regional news and public affairs coverage and take it to the next level. The managing editor is a new position created by the partners of StateImpact Oklahoma (KGOU-FM, KOSU-FM, KWGS-FM and KCCU-FM) to implement our shared editorial vision of collaborative enterprise journalism that serves the public interest and engages diverse communities through broadcast, digital and social media services.
Since 2011, StateImpact Oklahoma has won numerous awards, including a regional Edward R. Murrow Award for audio continuing coverage in 2015 and a national PRNDI award in 2017. Our collaborative election reporting initiative, Oklahoma Engaged, won regional Edward R. Murrow Awards for Excellence in Innovation in 2017 and 2019.
The managing editor will be a forward-thinking, collaborative journalist who will develop and implement news and public affairs strategies, make editorial decisions, direct and edit news our new team including professional reporters and college journalism students, and create multi-platform content in a creative, motivated and productive work environment.
The managing editor will play an integral role in defining and implementing the partners’ unified editorial plan for stations in Oklahoma City, Tulsa, and Lawton, Oklahoma, and will also report and serve as local host from time to time. Our editorial emphasis is on public policy issues, but stories may also include breaking news, human interest features, election coverage and special projects.
The ideal candidate will have a strong track record as a reporter, editor and supervisor, with demonstrated abilities in media production, project management and visionary leadership.
Required experience and skills include:
Bachelor’s Degree in journalism or related field (media or journalism degree preferred);
Minimum of three (3) years of experience leading and managing in a collaborative broadcast news environment;
Sound news judgment and impeccable journalistic ethics;
Excellent communication and organizational skills;
Effective “people management” skills;
Team leadership skills;
Strategic thinking skills;
Strong content editing/proofreading skills;
Dedication to diversity; and
Commitment to the mission of public service media.
The managing editor will be a University of Oklahoma employee. Salary is commensurate with skills and experience, with University of Oklahoma benefits. The position is open until filled. The application is made online at https://jobs.ou.edu – search for requisition #191647.
StateImpact Oklahoma is a statewide enterprise journalism collaboration that focuses on bringing policy to people, with emphasis on education, health, energy and environment, government and elections, and criminal justice.
The University of Oklahoma is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. Protected veterans and individuals with disabilities are encouraged to apply.
The Oklahoma City metro area ranked #50 in the 2018 Nielsen Radio Market Survey. In 2018, Oklahoma City was one of two cities recognized with America’s Most Livable Community Award presented by Partners for Livable Communities.
KOSU does provide internship opportunities for college students. Students can attend any college and use the experience as internship, practicum or independent study credits. More information can be found here.
© 2020 KOSU
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Tags: Local, News
Police officers association responds to Mayor Taylor's deal deadline
SAPOA says July 31 deadline 'not productive'
SAN ANTONIO – In the latest in the ongoing collective bargaining agreement negotiations between the city and the San Antonio Police Officers Association, the union has called a deal deadline proposed by Mayor Ivy Taylor "not productive."
Taylor met with Union President Michael Helle Thursday and said afterward in a statement that SAPOA needs to return to the bargaining table and finalize a deal by July 31.
In a statement Friday, the union said it is looking forward to working with the mayor and city staff to complete negotiations.
The union also stated that it believes that "arbitrary deadlines to complete negotiations are not productive and lawsuits are counter-productive to a negotiation process that requires trust and compromise."
Helle issued the following statement Friday.
"Mayor Taylor wants the same thing we want, a contract that protects San Antonio and every man and woman who wears a badge. The mayor released a statement after our meeting that delivers ultimatums and deadlines. That isn't productive nor does it help rebuild trust. We want to work with Mayor Taylor. Our promise is to get back to the table as soon as possible and continue finding a path forward. We hope Mayor Taylor joins us in working together to protect San Antonio."
The union's collective bargaining agreement with the city expired on Sept. 30, 2014.
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Photo by: Focus Features
'Dark Waters' Review: A superb Mark Ruffalo powers this taut true story thriller
This is a no-frills cinematic experience that hangs its hat on a powerful true story, retelling the story in a direct manner.
Author: Dan Buffa
Published: 7:30 AM CST November 27, 2019
Updated: 7:30 AM CST November 27, 2019
ST. LOUIS — Robert Bilott (Mark Ruffalo) could have easily walked away.
The Cincinnati, Ohio lawyer had recently made partner at his law firm, a place that defended chemical companies like the one he would spend the next two decades battling.
When DuPont, one of the biggest chemical companies in the world, gets caught polluting a small town in West Virginia, it's Bilott-a native of that small town-who gets visited by two farmers with dead farm stock.
When the accusations and cover-ups stack up on legal boxes in a conference room, Bilott finds it impossible to look away.
You'll find it equally hard to look away in Todd Haynes' riveting new film, "Dark Waters." This is a no-frills cinematic experience that hangs its hat on a powerful true story, retelling the story in a direct manner. There are no rousing scores, useless subplots, or extra fat on the bone of this lean and mean corporate drama that's laced with a few thrills.
Ruffalo is brilliant, bringing his signature brand of vulnerability and depth to the role of Bilott, who changed sides in the lawyer game in the pursuit of justice. Once Bilott gets a whiff of the conspiracy, he finds out there's more to the case than dead animals, as the DuPont evil doing gets deeper and uglier.
The strain on the courageous lawyer's family, life, and reputation only worsens with each revelation in the case. Imagine fighting Goliath without a stone, and you had the early stages of Billott taking on DuPont.
Anne Hathaway gives the straight-forward role of Bilott's devoted wife some extra juice embodying her with grace and some fire. Tim Robbins, playing Bilott's boss who surprisingly backed his actions, gives his best performance since "Mystic River." He has a key shutdown/shut up speech that cuts to the core of the entire film. Bill Pullman has a fun role as a local attorney joining Bilott's case. Bill Camp changes pace from his usual roles as a desperate farmer with a deep rasp and eyebrows bigger than Peter Gallagher.
When faced with the lawsuit, DuPont did what any billion-dollar company would do when caught with their pants down: drag out the case, bill frequently, and wait until they stopped. Bilott refused to stop. Just look at Nathaniel Rich's New York Magazine article that Matthew Michael Carnahan and Mario Correa's script is based on, "The Lawyer Who Became DuPont's Worst Nightmare."
I could tell you about the production design, score, editing, or cinematography-but I could also just tell you this is an important film. Think of 'Erin Brokovich" with less flash and song and dance. A quiet yet potent film that doesn't play games, just dishing you a story that should reach beyond mere film interest.
All of it is held together by Ruffalo. You could say most lawyers would have dropped the case and maintained their health, and one could also state most actors would have overplayed this role. Ruffalo goes the other route, showing the slow-boiling yet steady tension building in Bilott as the case evolves and the years pass. The actor, known to most recently as Bruce Banner aka the Hulk in the "Avengers" movies, is evocative and shows much-needed restraint here. Before he turned green, Ruffalo built a strong pedigree in film, earning three Oscar nominations.
He's the fuel in Haynes' fire here, stoking it just enough to evoke a thought in the viewer's mind about what they have been drinking. The director's directing is steady here, refusing to engage in showy waters. He's deliberate in the best way, just like his star.
There's a scene midway through the film where a group of lawyers come at Robert and Robbins' Tim in a discussion about taking on the case. It's quiet, slow-building, and blunt. No music. No mindless sideshow. Just dialogue and story. That's the tone of this film.
"Dark Waters" is the kind of old school tale that movies from the 1970's were built on. Films that meant something more than simple entertainment.
If you like Mark Ruffalo and hard-boiled true stories, go check it out.
MORE REVIEWS FROM DAN
'Knives Out' Review: Rian Johnson's multi-faceted whodunit is deliciously entertaining
Things you need to know before you see 'Frozen 2'
Review | 'The Irishman' is a towering achievement for Martin Scorsese
Review | 'A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood' is an engrossing reminder of Fred Rogers' virtue
Review | 'Terminator: Dark Fate" is highly entertaining, recapturing the prestige allure of franchise
Review | Limber up, because 'Zombieland: Double Tap' is a hilarious and worthy sequel
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Posted on: Dezember 20, 2016 Last updated on: Dezember 20, 2016 Categorized in: Dojo, Intro, Karate Written by: markus
Wie es zu dem Interview kam
Zwei Zufälle führten zum Interview. Erstens gab Shihan Sugimura vier Trainings im Kim Dojo Zürich, weil das Dojo in Uster überschwemmt wurde. Und Etsuko, unsere japanische Karateka, machte gerade dann Sommerferien.
Wie ihr seht, war Shihan Sugimura einverstanden, uns auch Fragen jenseits von Gyaku- vs. Oi-Tsuki zu beantworten. Etsuko hat die Fragen auf Japanisch und die Antworten von Japanisch auf Englisch übersetzt. Wir finden die Antworten informativ und zum Nachdenken anregend. Aber lest selbst.
Wir danken Shihan Sugimura herzlich für das Interview!
Das Beitragsbild aus dem Eikando Park in Kyoto hat Etsuko beigesteuert.
Questions about Karate in general
What do you say about Karate as a sport versus traditional Karate? What is the impact considering Karate becoming an Olympic discipline in 2020?
Like American Football and Fencing, so called dangerous sports, Karate follows strict rules and the athletes are wearing protectors in order to avoid injuries.
WKF/SKF style Sun-Dome (stop a punch before it hits the opponent’s body deeper than his/her skin to prevent injury, look here) Karate is elected for the Olympic Games 2020. Actually many different groups do their Karate following own rules and regulations, and some are very particular. I think from 2020 the Olympic rules will be the Kumite rules which will set the standard of Karate and being part of the Olympic Games will increase the status of Karate.
As in tennis or soccer, scientific accuracy in judgments using cameras and electronic devices will make the experience for the audience more enjoyable.
Kata also is an Olympic Karate discipline. As long as the judgment is subjectively made, I suppose that the trend will go to more show in Kata competition, which I do not favor. Kata performance by different groups as a show could demonstrate Karate to the world more attractive, even though it goes off the proper Karate.
What where your sources of inspiration? (Masters, Books, incidents)
In my more than 60 years of Karate life I have met many great Sensei, Senpai and friends I trained together. Especially the encounter with Shinji MICHIHARA Sensei was my biggest luck in my career (he was the lecturer of Nippon Sport university, the Shihan of Karate Club of Nippon Sport University, the technique Shihan of Tokyo Prefectural Karate Association). He was a wonderful Sensei for me and I trained by him till I left for Europe (September 1965). If I had not met him, I would never have kept on doing Karate for such a long time.
Since I came to Germany, I had Kanazawa Sensei, Nakayama Sensei, Asai Sensei and other Senseis as masters in JKA and learned a lot of valuable things from them. Ochi Sensei, as old as I am, as a great person had an impact on me. Many books I have read, but the actual exercise under the great people is much better than any words, I think.
What are your wishes for the Swiss Karatdô Renmei (SKR)?
The SKR was established in 1969 and it will be soon become 50. Most of the original foundation members have passed away, but some are still fine and doing Karate like Jürgen Stutterich (born in 1943, soon 75 years old), Rene Weber, Tommaso Mini, Peter Buhofer are already veterans and train young people in their own Karate Dojo.
When I started Karate (ca.1955), only young men did Karate, but nowadays children, women and even elder people are doing Karate and I find that SKR has coped well with the times.
On the title of the memorial book of the 40th anniversary of SKR, Seizo FUJIMURA Sensei wrote Friendship-Culture linked with Tradition.
After 10 years his idea is taking shape and I believe that next generation will follow and take up the sprit from the active SKR members and me. I am sure, when they will give rational and serious training for all ages, the prospects for the future of SKR look very bright.
Questions about Karate as a philosophy
Is there a link between Karate and Zen?
Karate should be regarded like other sports. By the fortune of having the good Sensei, good training places and conditions, good colleagues and the correct, rational teaching, one can improve his Karate by himself. The young people should go actively for tournaments. The efforts to win the fights can earn them the big progress in physical strength and Karate techniques.
But despite their strong will and much efforts, there are the limits of physical strength by aging. And when they cannot win the fight anymore, the importance of Karate changes and the mind does not keep on with Karate. So regrettably the excellent Karatekas who won many titles and earned splendid results could not find interest in training anymore and stopped.
In young age it is important to try to participate in the fascinating tournaments, but later, there are also a lot of interesting things when one keeps on training. I find it of great value to go in training beyond the “out of limits” of the physical strength imposed by aging, which is called “Karate for life”, so I wish as many people as possible will not give up and continue training.
When one is young, the physical results are important and the mental sprit is little. But when one gets older, you can identify yourself more with the mental condition.
In Gichin FUNAKOSHI’s book “Karatedo Ichiro” (Karatedo in Earnest) Sankei Shimbun Co., Ltd. (1956), (chapter 6. 6), is written that keeping on Karate training brings people to the belief (religion) and will bring them to the perfection as a human being.
Though I am actually not interested in the religion so much, I really realize the spirit (mind) of great importance, but I do not understand well how the religion can develop it. Once I have had an interesting stay together with the priests in the Buddhist temple for 3 days, so that I recommend the Karatekas who have been training seriously to stay once in the formal Zen temple situated deep in the mountain and get up before dawn to try to join priests’ training, that was a very impressive experience for me.
Does it help the Karateka to know about the Japanese Shintô (Way of the Gods) religion and the Bushidô (Way of the warrior) moral principles?
When one gets older and realizes that there are limits to physical strength, one starts to think of what does it mean to live one’s life.
The wish to keep strong health is not only for Karateka but for all people. I think, Karatedo (Do) means growing together with body and spirit. When I was young I could not find value and sense in spiritual things. They should just help not losing a fight , not missing a chance to win, and doing the best and reaching far in the tournaments. That was all what spirit meant for me.
I regard that the people who are keen on winning in the tournaments have realized clearer the importance of the spirit than other people who have never joined the tournaments.
Nowadays people look at sports only from the biological side and follow the scientific research about the body shape of animal and humans. They train their body only under physical aspects in order to feel comfortable and happy. But I am somewhat out of this idea.
Though I have never seriously studied about Zen, Shinto, Ethics and etc., I am interested in these things through Karate training. Of course my personality has been made up by the standards of Japanese society, e.g. what I had to do and what not. Since my childhood time, I minded very much about the way of Samurai (Bushido), but after a long Karate life I still do not know exactly what it is – and I still have many things to do with my best efforts in aging, now, I just keep on doing.
It is difficult to think of something completely new, so I think one should be inspired by Zen or Shinto or Bushido etc. and work into ones own thoughts, standard and ethics, that are only not allowed to be the self-righteous. They should be universal and make sense for everyone.
Karate is very hierarchic. How can misuse of power be prevented?
I think, not only Budo, but also all fields pushing their technique out, cannot develop efficiently and rational without hierarchic order. If the person is selfish and does not try to be the grand leader with the good nature, it could be harmful. But when he is the person who has been trying to progress in Karate technique and mind, he should regard the negative side of the hierarchic order “disgrace (shame)”. The most important is that both, trainers and pupils, must have the clear consciousness to learn together.
Questions about the life of Shihan Sugimura
Are you today more forgiving or more strict when it comes to Karate?
Till 20 years ago, Karate was mainly for young men and there were very few women, children and old people, so of course the training was very hard and severe. And there are still some Dojos where only young people do fighting training for the tournaments and make good results. But in our times, I believe that Dojos which only concentrate on competition and neglect the trainings for other groups will not exist anymore in 10 years. This is something different from what I want to suggest by the “Karate for life”. Rightly the fighting is also one essential part of Karatedo, so one should try it hardly in young age. I hope to continue Karatedo together with people who want to do their best by training, not like the easy fitness.
Can you tell us something about the nice and less nice moments in your Karate life?
My bad memories in Karate are only injuries. I have a lot of good memories and do not go into details now. My life was made up by Karate and was changed by Karate.
By grace of Karate, I have had my own way and how I have done it. It could have maybe disturbed many people, but excluding it I have had the good career without any regrets. To Karate I am most grateful now because I have luckily met many great people through Karate – and I am really happy about it.
Many Karatekas are inspired by your Karate. What do you think when you look back?
I seem to have given somehow influence to Karatekas. But what I said were my views from my dogmatic way of thinking that could be entirely changed in the future because my recent aim of Karatedo is keeping on training for the “life as life Karate”. So, when it happens that I start to say completely different things, let’s exchange frankly ideas to discuss and make progress together in Karate.
Question about Kim Dojo
You used to call Kim Dojo an “urban Dojo”. Now we are a “gentleman Dojo”. We think that both labels not only express praise. What points should we develop? What is important to maintain good Karate spirit?
A long time ago, I have once told that Kim Dojo was somehow different from other Dojos as it is situated in the biggest city in Switzerland, that made the grown (adult) atmosphere. Therefore I felt the social gentleness in the Dojo. It is very important for humans and I hope your Dojo will go on with this special characteristic.
But Karate is the sport for fighting and defending from the opponent. And when you do training only as a sport and not as Budo (Karatedo), your positive gentleness could affect negatively in respect to knock the opponent down.
Actually I am afraid that you misunderstand my words, I do not say that you should do the brutal training lacking the human nature. The reverse is what I wrote in about in “Can you tell us something about the nice and less nice moments in your Karate life?” It should be serious and under tension, not like the amusing freely chattering fitness exercise during the Karate training which I always hated. Of course it is not easy to deal with people, but they should be earnest.
Now in Kim Dojo there are some women who have been keen on training to pass the Dan exam for the black belt. I am sure, the training, with one’s own concrete goal, or the certain goal showed by trainers are helpful for pupils to motivate for the earnest Karate training. So I wish Kim Dojo that people will stay enjoyable but serious in the training.
Previous Beitrag Dann Dan
Next Beitrag Tekki Shodan: Ein sicherer Stand im Leben
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20% off site wide for Martin Luther King weekend with code: MLK20
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Bad Company (Special Edition) (DVD)
Directed by Damian Harris
Genres: Crime, Thriller, Mystery, Drama
$14.95 $8.97 (40% off) Buy DVD
Gia Carides
Daniel Hugh Kelly
Damian Harris (Deceived) directed this modern film noir starring Ellen Barkin (The Big Easy), Laurence Fishburne (The Matrix) and Frank Langella (Frost/Nixon). Edge-of-your-seat suspense electrifies Bad Company, the sexy thriller that's charged with red-hot erotic energy. Nelson Crowe (Fishburne), a deep-cover CIA operative with a deadly assignment: infiltrate a highly secret industrial espionage firm. Once inside, he teams with Margaret Wells (Barkin), a master spy and seductive manipulator, in a plot to overthrow the organization's sinister president (Langella). It's an explosive situation as the dangerous power play leads Crowe and Wells into a mysterious web of intrigue and murder. Screenplay by Ross Thomas (Hammett) and co-starring Michael Beach (One False Move), Daniel Hugh Kelly (The Good Son) and James Hong (Kung Fu Panda).
DVD Extras Include:
Audio Commentary by Director Damian Harris
Animated Stills & Behind-the-Scenes Image Gallery
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LIFE IN THE ENGLISH COUNTRY HOUSE: A Social and Architectural History
Architectural historian Mark Girouard (The Victorian Country House, Sweetness and Light: The ""Queen Anne"" Movement) has opened up an absorbing and highly promising field of study by looking into the social arrangements that shaped the country house from the Middle Ages onward. As he notes in a brief but far-reaching introduction, land meant tenants (first as soldiers, then as political supporters) plus their rents, and thus represented, for many centuries, ""the only sure basis of power."" Landed estates introduced town customs and culture to the countryside until, in the 19th century, town and country parted ways: the landed gentry became the agricultural party, as opposed to the town-dwelling middle classes. At the same time, the multi-class medieval country household--eating in one great hall--split into higher and lower orders rigorously separated by a green baize door. The permutations of this change, minutely traced and sumptuously illustrated, include the tower mystique which long outlasted any need for protection; the evolution equally of libraries and galleries and sanitary facilities; the hierarchical implications of the formal house, suited to absolute monarchy, and the substitution of ""a series of communal rooms for entertaining"" with the appearance of 18th-century ""polite society."" Then, with the popularity (and profitability) of agricultural ""improvement"" and the advent of turnpikes and railroads, country squires could enjoy nature without being imprisoned by it. The house sank into the ground, opened up to the outdoors, and sprawled asymmetrically: ""to make a house lopsided became a positively meritorious gesture, an escape from artificiality."" A thoroughly intelligent and engaging book.
Pub Date: Oct. 18th, 1978
Publisher: Yale Univ. Press
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EntertainmentTV
The Feud Between Taraji P. Henson & Nia Long. Apparently We All Can’t Get Along!
Aramide Tinubu
Branded by its over-the-top storylines and explosive feuds, Empire’s fiery divas take it off screen.
Veteran actress Nia Long joined the third season of Empire as a guest star, however, her alleged demanding behavior put her at war with Empire star Taraji P. Henson who stars as Cookie Lyon.
Apparently, the entire feud started with a joke that was made at Long’s expense because of her chronic lateness and rudeness. An unnamed male co-star asked Long if she was on “Black people’s time,” and in response, Long berated him causing Henson to come to his defense. As a result, one of the biggest feuds between two Black actresses was born and has ended with Empire’s long-standing hair and makeup team filing a complaint against Nia Long for her behavior. Until filming wrapped, both Henson and Long were just “barely civil” to one another.
Though Nia Long’s reps have denied the rumors, neither Taraji P. Henson nor Empire creator Lee Daniels has commented on what was said to have occurred. This is not the first time actresses have been at each other’s throats in Hollywood. Ryan Murphy’s current FX series Feud: Bette and Joan explores the legendary rivalry between Hollywood icons Bette Davis (Susan Sarandon) and Joan Crawford (Jessica Lange) which came to a boiling point in 1961 when the actresses were filming their Academy nominated thriller, Whatever Happened to Baby Jane? The feud between the actresses got so intense that they called director Robert Alrich each night to complain about each other. They also went to great lengths to sabotage one another on set.
Rumors of feuds and rivalries run rampant in Hollywood all the time, however, with these new rumors swirling around Nia Long and Taraji P. Henson, we can’t help but recall the infamous feud between Mariah Carey and Nicki Minaj from their 2013 stint on American Idol. Their vicious fighting got so bad that production for the series was often stalled and it took away much of the spotlight that should have been on the contestants.
Whether Nia Long and Taraji P. Henson get along or not, we’re sure that we are in for some fantastic remaining episodes of Empire, especially since Long’s character Giuliana is a nemesis for Cookie. We are also very much looking forward to the actresses forthcoming projects which include Netflix’s Dear White People for Long and Acrimony for Henson.
Empire airs Wednesday at 10 PM on FOX & Feud: Bette and Joan airs Sundays at 10 PM on FX.
TagsAmerican IdolEmpirefeudMariah CareyNia LongNicki MinajTaraji P. Henson
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← View all Jay, VT Hotels
Tram Haus Lodge at Jay Peak Resort
Jay, VT
Very Good 499 Reviews
A suite at a lodge with ski slopes, a rink and a water park – includes one ski day per nightSkating in the NHL-sized arena and skiing on the trails of Jay Peak
Receiving a day of skiing for each night you stay, plus a pass for your arrival day if you stay two nights or longer – good thing Tram Haus Lodge is ski-in, ski-out
Using your generous coupon book, which includes spa discounts and a trail pass to the Nordic trails
Winding down at Taiga Spa, just downstairs from your suite
Ski-in, ski-out suites allow easy access to the mountain's 78 trails
A handful of slope-side dining and drinking spots surround the resort
Rest your weary legs with a deep-tissue massage and some pampering at the spa
A one-bedroom suite at a four-seasons mountain lodge, with a day of skiing per night you stay, plus more
Have a winter getaway to remember at Jay Peak Resort’s Tram Haus Lodge. You’ll have a whole mountain of snow for Alpine skiing, with no less than 78 trails, slopes and glades. You’ll also have the resort’s ski school, to take you from the bunny hill to the black diamonds. The terrain comprises 385 acres, and is graced by the most snow in eastern North America.
When you need a break from the slopes, you can also hit nearby The Pump House indoor waterpark, which has a 65-ft. chute, a Flowrider, a lazy river, a kids’ area and more. And then there’s Ice Haus NHL-sized (that’s 85 feet by 200 feet) arena. Year-round, you can unwind in Taiga Spa, or enjoy social events and shops (for ski, skating or surfing gear, natch), as well as your all-suite lodge’s spa, restaurant, coffee shop and bar. There’s truly something for everyone.
Please note that water-park access is not included.
Please note that a resort fee of $25 per room, per night is payable directly to the hotel. The resort fee includes use of the resort shuttle, parking, Wi-Fi and entrance to the ice rink during public skate hours. Please note that skating in the ice arena is only available to guests during these or stick-and-puck scheduled hours (which can be found on the hotel’s website).
Your One Bedroom suite is one of 57 suites in the ski-in, ski-out lodge. Designed with locally made fixtures, it comes with unlimited Wi-Fi and a flat-screen TV.
As a guest in Tram Haus Lodge, you’ll be just upstairs from the Tower Bar, Aroma Coffee Shop and Alice’s Table restaurant. The first prides itself on its tram-side location and pours beer and wine on Fridays, Saturdays and Sundays; the second opens on both weekend days for java and breakfast treats. Named for former Jay Peak employee Alice Lewis, the third serves breakfast, lunch and dinner on Fridays, Saturdays and Sundays; expect buttermilk pancakes, buffalo-chicken dip with tortilla chips, pot roasts and other comfort-food favorites.These are just a small selection of the eating and drinking spots at the resort, of course; there are more in the other buildings throughout the property. They run from The Clubhouse Grille, on the golf course, to The Bullwheel Bar in the Stateside Baselodge to Mountain Dick’s pizza (which has a beer-and-wine license of its own).
Give your muscles a break from skiing, skating, swimming and hiking at Taiga Spa, where the list of massages includes deep-tissue, Swedish and hot-stone options. You can also come here for manis, pedis and waxes.
Jay Peak Resort sits in northern Vermont, on its namesake mountain, one of the Green Mountains. With the exception of nearby Old Stone House Museum, the state’s only aerial tram and the Orleans County Society, recreation here revolves mostly around the all-seasons getaway. This is thanks to the NHL-sized skating arena, used by local hockey teams; the massive waterpark, with areas for both children and adults; and the year-round events. And of course, there’s also fantastic snowboarding and skiing (downhill and cross-country) in the winter, thanks to the 78 trails, slopes and glades.
830 Jay Peak Rd
Jay, VT United States
Stateside Hotel & Baselodge at Jay Peak Resort
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Misleading Stay & Play Golf Packages
Matt N
We booked a stay and play golf package back in March at the Ottawa Golf Show, which I've included in this review. They took our reservation and booked all our tee times for our stay, and confirmed our information with golf at a later date via email.
When we checked into the hotel they told us our golf was not included and wouldn't honor the package we booked back in March. When we showed them the email and golf package flyer we booked they still wouldn't honor it.
We've now been bounced around from reservations to front desk to the director of Golf, trying to get our refund of $480 just for the golf which should have been included.
No one at this resort will own up to the mistake they made, and they have no inclination to try and get it fixed.
This was our first and last trip to Jay Peak.
Tourist62493608575
Good impression when we arrived. However, room disappointing with a restricted view and no balcony. Such a shame as the colours here at present are spectacular. Had dinner in the restaurant which was not good. Different menu than the one on their website or in fact, at the entrance to the dining room. I had chicken with peach which was dry and tasteless. Glad we are only here for one night.
Freezing waterpark, overrun by flies; unresponsive staff; terrible food; uncomfortable beds--and pricey!
katherined548
Went for 5 nights due to an off-season (read: not ski season) special in August 2019, but still pricy (~$200 per night). Here's a bullet point summary of the notes I took during those 5 days and nights. In sum: we won't return; it's not worth the cost; the water park is freezing and full of flies; the staff is mostly teenagers and therefore they don't care and/or don't have the ability or desire to do anything differently; the service is abysmal and the food was never enjoyable.
* Limited activities in water park (e.g,. "big river" frequently closed off, and groups of 4-6 people would have to wait at one access point to get into it and have a turn being WALKED around the river backwards (!) by an annoyed teenager. Asked one employee (the older lady who was the boss of the kid lifeguards), and she said the reason the river was mostly shut down was...they didn't have enough lifeguards. This was every day of our 5 day stay. To be clear: the big river, if open and traverseable as it was only during a few hours on our first day, is one of the funner parts for younger kids around 5-7 years' old, because otherwise they have to drag a floatie up and down multiple flights of stairs for the 2 slides they are tall enough to ride on...or play in the tiny kiddie areas. The only other fun part for this age group was a combo rock climbing/basketball section but....the water was so cold there, our son could never stay in that part too long.
* Water freezing in every area but hot tub. Asked one lifeguard why the water was so cold and she said, “well, the air is pretty warm!” Is there no one at Jay Peak who checks the water temperature? I never once saw anyone come around with a thermometer and there are none in the water. Do any staff or supervisors just…walk inside this water park? You do one walk-through, you’ll see dozens of kids literally holding their arms and shivering.
* Water park, every day we were there—and we went in every one of the 5 days we stayed, because we'd paid for it, despite the water temperature!—was FILLED with flies. Can't you put up some fly traps or fly paper? Sanitize the space at night when it closes? Do...something? The minute you sit down at a table inside the waterpark, they land on your food, beverages and towels. It was just...really gross.
* Bar not open all day and night Monday, and closed when we checked it out next on Wednesday at 6pm (all during hours the front desk printout said it should be open). When I found it open on Thursday and asked why it had been closed on prior days when it was noted to be open, the sole bartender told me they just shut it down if it's not busy.
* Beds (we had a studio suite with two queen beds) were overlain with some sort of pillow top which slept really hot; same for the really soft down pillows.
* Basic stuff just wasn't obtainable (just one example: housekeeping had no more 'do not disturb signs' (we asked on day 2 when we couldn't find one in the room....so we had to be woken up by housekeeping daily).
* Terrible service in the open restaurants (e.g., at one point, the Foundry Pub took 40 minutes to prepare a salad and a cheese plate). I asked for the manager as our son was exhausted and ready for bed (hence, food that didn't require cooking!), and she said they didn't have enough staff that night for the dinner rush. If you know you only have a few open restaurants on the off-peak time, shouldn't staffing them be more well-managed? How many years has this resort been open and managing the various seasons?
* The food in the open restaurants was mostly frozen stuff (frozen burgers thrown on grill; chicken tenders put out for hours under a warming lamp) or oddly-concocted, still-not-fresh items (e.g., avocado toast was actually...brownish 'avocado spread' instead of an actual avocado). There was one pizza place open and the pizza was just ok. The “Provisions” general store has a small deli, so you're better off getting sandwiches there and some of the frozen food items you can just reheat yourself in your room (if you have a microwave, which we did).
* Lack of respect for guests: Just one example: a front desk employee called me on a Tuesday morning at 10am asking if three men who don’t work at the resort (!) can spend 15 minutes in our room inspecting the fireplace. He acknowledged they were planning to wait until we checked out but "they were already here, so we figured we'd call."
* Little petty things: the arcade employee refused to give us a bag to carry out the toys we had after we had spent hundreds of dollars in the arcade (yep, we spent that much because...our son was too cold to stay in the waterpark most of the day!). Why couldn't he give us a bag, you ask? “Not just for that little toy” (we had cashed our tickets in with them for one snake, but were holding 4 balls my son won in the claw games). They also confiscated our water bottle due to the 'no outside food and water' policy, while the employee behind the counter ate an entire burrito (when I asked him about it, he said, “oh, we can eat back HERE”).
* No working lights attached to light switches in room (4 switches to the various overhead lights...and only the lamps worked). Bathroom sink clogged upon check-in.
* Found our room keys stopped working on day 3 of our stay; went to the front desk and was informed that the guy who had checked us in had set them to expire that day (2 days before check-out). Why? Still a mystery.
* Even the remote control didn't work properly: when you turn the TV on, it immediately flashes a graphic of the remote and says to hit the guide button. Remote doesn't have such a button, I call the front desk, and am told...some remotes don't have it (so no way to see what channels there are except to laboriously scroll through them all).
There are other, smaller issues (e.g., outdated and dirty décor in the common areas) but frankly, those exist in many resorts/hotels and don't bother me so much. The main issue at Jay Peak is the cost for what you get in the room, service and restaurants as noted in just SOME of the details above—and the fact that the waterpark is absolutely freezing and full of flies. Go....anywhere else.
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The Track of the Storm
The Seven Fires of Hell
The Destruction of Piotrkow
by Naphtali Lau-Lavie, Jerusalem
Hell is above the firmament. Some say it is behind the mountains of darkness.
– The Talmud, Tamid 84
Hell will cease, but they will not cease.
– The Talmud, Rosh Hashana 17
[Partial Reprint of Section VI (of VIII parts): 1942 – Annihilation, page 184]
By Rosh Hashanah, 5703 (early fall, 1942), the angel of death stood at the very gate of Piotrkow. The Jews of Radom and Kielce had already boarded the death trains. The forces of Annihilation now approached Czestochowa.
On the night after Shabbat Shuva, fifty people, including a few agitated youth, convened for an open meeting in the rabbi's house. Several of those in attendance were members of the Jewish police, who distinguished themselves by exemplary service and allegiance to their Jewish cause. Particularly outstanding among them were two brothers-in-law from Lodz, Asher Landau and Michael Klausner, who, when the time came, voluntarily joined their parents in the transport to Treblinka, as did another three policemen, Kuba Wolkowicz and the Rokmanns, two sons of Tzine Rokmann, the shoemaker. At this meeting, for the first time, it was publicly suggested that the transports be resisted by force. Several participants with “ultra-Orthodox” leanings – Elazar Sheinfeld, Reuven Neifeld, Avraham Moses (from Kalisz), and others – shared this view. Others took exception, arguing that it was hopeless. They included Judge Borenstein, Dr. Brahms, R. Moshe Shapira (brother of the distinguished Rabbi Meir Shapira), R. Baruch Zilbershatz, and Dov Handel. The dayan, Rabbi Moshe Temkin, adamantly pressed the case for resistance. R. Moshe Nordmann, an activist among the “ultra-Orthodox,” presented the anti-resistance argument just as strenuously, insisting on responsibility toward those who had a chance to remain alive.
Many saw only one route to salvation: a place of refuge in or outside the ghetto until the storm had passed.
The tension reached unbearable levels. Women sewed rucksacks and packed them with needed items. Men working in vital industries married young women in the hope of protecting them this way. Outside the ghetto, the Poles lined up and bought Jews' possessions for a pittance.
The whole ghetto prayed on Kol Nidrei night. The sound of crying emanated from every house. Hundreds of people gathered at the rabbi's home for the emotive prayer. The next day, Yom Kippur, the rabbi gave the Piotrkow community a farewell address before Yizkor. It was an emotional speech, evoking rivers of tears. The worshippers expressed only one wish: that a few of their number would survive to bring their names to remembrance.
Czestochowa's turn was the very next day. Messengers sent from Piotrkow returned with terrifying report. The Nazis' special “Operation Reinhardt” detail then went on to Radomsk, the last stop before Piotrkow, and carried out their premeditated mass murder of the Jews of that city. Thousands in Piotrkow were transfixed, terrified and hopeless at the news.
As the death trains passed the Kara and Hortensia plants, the martyrs of Radomsk tossed slips of paper, bearing their names and warning of the tragedy that had befallen them, to the waiting Jews of Piotrkow who worked there. The latter, knowing that their town would face this tragedy in a few days' time, were as drained of strength and incapable of clear thinking as those aboard the train.
As the agony of the Radomsk transport proceeded, the Germans gathered the Jewish residents of the villages around Piotrkow into the ghetto. Scores of farm wagons, under heavy Nazi and Polish police guard, brought Jews from Srock, Tuszyn, Wolborz, Przyglow, Sulejow, Rozprza and Kamiensk, dragging along their property, housewares, and even chickens.
At this time it was discovered that two foreign SS officers had moved into the ghetto; one was the “expert from Lublin and Radom,” Hauptsturmfuhrer Willy Blum, who had come to prepare the operation. The first of the Ukrainians who belonged to the extermination unit appeared in town on October 12, 1942.
Those employed in the vital industries, whose safety had been assured, were ordered to bring their possessions to the factories, where they would have to remain during the deportation. Thus on Tuesday, Heshvan 2, 5703 (October 13, 1942), groups of workers, escorted by squads of firemen, marched from the factories to the ghetto and back, taking leave of their loved ones, abandoning their wives and children to the mercies of the murderers. Strong men cried like babies, unwilling to return to work. Horrifying sights occurred that day. Wives, mothers, and children pushed the men into the lines that returned to the factories, hoping that keeping them alive might somehow help the deportees in their new homes “in the east.” Some of the men, however, refused to part with their families, forfeited the privilege of remaining in the mini-ghetto, and boarded the death trains together with their relatives.
On Tuesday night, the night of Heshvan 3 (October 14, 1942), Ukrainian and German SS troops surrounded and sealed the ghetto. Even before they began their work, the murderers amused themselves by firing indiscriminately into the air and at any target in the ghetto. The annihilations began at dawn.
The aktion was planned to the minutest detail. First, numbers of Jewish police passed through the ghetto streets, relying on a map prepared especially for the day's activity, and ordered the residents to present themselves in a “deportation square” on the premises of the Franciscan barracks next to the Jewish hospital. The deportation area continued on both sides of the River Strawa. Whole families, men, women, old people, children, trekked across the square with their rucksacks and their possessions, some silently, some crying bitterly. After this death march, the SS men combed the houses, looted whatever they found, and shot any living creature they encountered. These corpses were dragged to the square, as were the sick and the disabled. Rabbi Avraham Dov Englard, who was blind, and Rabbi Michael Folman were towed to the train on flatbed carts.
In the center of the square stood the commanders of the operation, headed by an SS officer, the representative of Gestapo's Jewish department, 4B4, known as Sturmbanfuhrer Feucht, who, with great cruelty, had displayed his expertise in these operations in other towns. As soon as the victims had been formed into ranks, the Nazis examined the documents of those needed for labor, since they had not presented themselves beforehand, and selected those destined for transport. The day's quota of six thousand people, enough to fill the fifty-two available cattle cars. Once the quota was filled, all the others were freed until the next transport.
In a ghostly procession, the six thousand deportees marched to the new railroad station, where they were loaded onto the black train. Fatal blows with clubs and rifle butts accompanied the parade. Another SS bodysearch was conducted next to the train. The Ukrainians were especially thorough, stripping the victims of any nice boots, wristwatches, or valuables visible to them. Finally, the people were loaded into the train, more than one hundred to a car, each car marked “Maximum load: Thirty Persons or Six Head of Cattle.” This done, the death train lurched into motion.
The tracks were lined with workers from the glass factory, including the Jews who were housed there temporarily. At dusk they saw the train on its way and saw the trembling hands groping at the window gratings, witnessed the tearful eyes peering through. The survivors retained only these scenes, and the farewell cries emanating from the cars, as last reminiscences of their loved ones, whose terrible cries still reverberated in their ears.
They observed the passing of four such trains: on Wednesday of that week, the third of Heshvan; on Friday night, the fifth; on Monday, the eighth; and on Wednesday the tenth. Each transport exterminated a quarter of the Jewish residents of Piotrkow, leaving deep gashes in the flesh of the mute witnesses of this atrocity.
The three transports were completed in an “organized” manner, except for the scores of victims who were murdered en passant by the Germans, the Ukrainians, and the Latvians in the middle of the operation. Many inhabitants of the ghetto felt a kind of relief each time a transport was sent, imagining that they would be allowed to catch their breath until the next stage. They were incapable of feeling the terror of the nightmare that was taking place before their eyes. The pent-up anticipation of the unexpected, i.e., the deportation, was more excruciating than death itself.
On the day of the last transport, as the Nazis tried to fill the fourth train, they realized that several cars remained empty. The quota of six thousand had not been met! They rushed into the small ghetto and rushed its inhabitants to the square, where the commander of the operation, the murderer Feucht, passed among the rank and selected the three hundred victims he needed. In one of the groups stood several dignitaries of Jewish Piotrkow, community leaders in the pre-Holocaust years: doctors, lawyers, teachers, several public figures who had belonged to the “council of elders,” Judge Borenstein, and finally, the town rabbi, Rabbi Lau, who, alone among them, still kept his traditional dress and beard.
The leader of the murderers noticed the rabbi gesturing with his cane and approached. “The Jews need rabbis there, too,” he shouted. As the selection began, with the murderers abusing their victims, the rabbi called on those standing near him to attack their persecutors. “Pummel them. Don't be silent witnesses to this disgrace!” This was told by Dr. Abraham Greenberg, a survivor who later lived and died in Tel-Aviv, who stood near the rabbi at the time. But the angel of death had already made his decision and assured his victory. The rabbi was dislodged from his position and, clutching a small Torah scroll, joined the last transport of Piotrkow Jews. With their departure, the ancient community of illustrious Piotrkow was no more.
Friday, September the first
Soon, school would start again. Meanwhile, we had all returned from summer vacation and found Piotrkow in the mist of events that seemed like fun to us youngsters. The OPL (Civil Air Defense Board) was mobilizing people to dig zigzag trenches all over town. The windows, marked with long paper stripes in the form of an X, somehow looked grotesque. Bulbs in public places were painted blue. Polish Foreign Minister Beck said in his radio speech that the country's honor was at stake. Now we were to defend it. On every street corner hung huge placards announcing that “We'll not give up a button” and how “Mighty, consolidated and ready” we were.
Would there be a war? Many people didn't think so. “Nobody wants a war,” they said. Meanwhile, the army barracks of Szpitalna Street were swarming with more and more mobilized men.
The salesmen of peace told the world they had made a deal in a place called Munich. It had cost only the freedom of Czechoslovakia … not to mention Austria … and still before a land of black men with spears: Abyssinia. The rape of Spain was almost forgotten; just recently, the latest broadcast brought the news about the German-Soviet pact. And the weather was indeed beautiful, a real “zlota polska jesien.”
Saturday, September the second
Airplanes cruising in the clear sky since early morning. We were sure that they were our planes. In the afternoon, we went for a walk toward the Trzeciego Maja Avenue. Suddenly the sirens blew, but the bombardment had already started. People ran into the streets. Children cried and men cursed. The first raid lasted a good ten minutes and the houses on Slowackiego Street were in ruins. The very first bomb hit the Bernardynski garden. Romek Zaks and a few others were killed – the first fatalities of war in Piotrkow.
We ran towards home, glad to be alive. A large cloud of smoke came from the east side of town. Also, the military barracks lay in ruins. We waited in agony and suddenly we heard the bombers again. Moments later the house shook. Now the Stukas bombed for a long time and a great deal of damage was done. The Kopydlowski barrel factory just near us was in flames. We waited, praying, for the planes to leave and, as though in answer, the silence came.
The Polish cavalrymen on horses with their swords were no match for the Stukas' long-range machine guns. The old-fashioned Polish infantry could do nothing against the incredible speed of the vast German army on motorized wheels. A monstrous, mechanized war machine such as the earth had never seen, was roaming toward us.
Sulejow after the September 1939 bombardment
Sunday, September the third
The bombardment went on and on, soothed only by the silent prayers of the people. The Warsaw radio was playing military marches and, only occasionally, the program was interrupted by the familiar words, “Hello, Hello – Attention, Attention! It's coming… It's over…” In the afternoon an excited speaker reported the important news: England and France declared war on Germany! “Now our troubles are over!” everybody shouted.
Alas, they were not over. More and more bombing followed. Somebody spread a rumor that there was poisonous gas in the air. People started to panic. Luckily, the rumor was unfounded.
Several policemen were leading a handcuffed man across the street. We were told it was a captured spy, a Volksdeutch who was signaling the German bombers.
Toward evening, we'd decided to leave town. For a large fee, a droshke took us in the darkness to Przyglow, a village near our hometown.
Monday, September the fourth
Until afternoon there was silence. In the Przyglow forest, we felt somehow more secure. At about three o'clock we heard the planes again. The black-crossed vultures came diving and dropping firebombs just a little ahead of us. The target was Sulejow. A second wave of planes vomited a barrage of machine gun bullets into the town. The instant they passed, heavy bombs started to fall again. The town went up like a torch. Heavy clouds of smoke came from the distance, Sulejow on fire!
Later, in darkness, we passed through the ill-fated town. Most of it was in ashes; some houses were still smoldering. There was a smell of burning flesh and burning wood. Dead bodies of people and horses were scattered everywhere. All was havoc.
Humanity had been endowed by the Germans with their Beethovens and Schillers, and Bachs. Now the German people presented us with a horrifying new innovation of German culture, the Blitzkrieg.
Friday, September the eighth
We returned to Piotrkow. The roads of Poland trembled beneath the treads of hundreds of tanks moving eastward. These were followed by thousands of German soldiers moving with absolute precision. The Invaders were here!
On our way we met detachments of Polish soldiers, now Kriegsgefangene. We saw towns and villages leveled into smoldering rubble heaps.
In Piotrkow, we luckily found our home intact. Just a street away, the entire block of houses on Zamkowa Street had been destroyed. All that remained there were the chimneys. Now and then an entire wall stood out. A solitary sink hung in the air.
The Wehrmacht and the Luftwaffe were finishing their ultimate mechanized slaughter. Now, the time had come for the SS, the Shupo, the Sonderkommando and the Gestapo.
The first terrible chapter of war was on the verge of closing, with other, most horrifying, chapters still forthcoming.
New Bulletin – Ben Giladi
Piotrkow Trybunalski, Poland Yizkor Book Project JewishGen Home Page
Updated 30 Apr 2010 by LA
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Album Review: Firebug “Wandering Soul”
May 18, 2018 May 23, 2018 by adanswanton 0 Comments
"The Jimmy Star Show", #JimmyStarShow, #jimmystarsworld, #WorldStarPR, @DrJimmyStar, @jimmystarshow, @jimmystarsworld, @WorldStarPR, Art, Interviews, Jimmy Star, Media, Public, Rock, Ron Russell, Talk Show, World Star PR
by Sean Golightly
There’s no way around it. Cutting an American blues rock record in 2018 is like pitching a show to Netflix, introducing a kangaroo to Australia, or bringing a third turkey to Thanksgiving. In other words, it’s supplying a saturated market. At a certain point, it doesn’t matter how well you cook or how substantial an appetite your cousin keeps, some folks will neglect the drumsticks in favor of the string beans. Your turkey better jump through hoops of fire if it wants any attention at the table.
That being said, if you got a growl in your gut, I suggest you direct your attention to “Wandering Soul” from Firebug. Recently released on Spectra Music Group and co-produced by Chris Goss (Foo-Fighter, Arctic Monkeys, Queens of the Stone Age), this is a blues-rock album that works for its relevance. The hoops are lit, the bird is jumping, and there are plenty of reasons to sink your teeth.
Strictly speaking, “blues-rock” is a bit reductionist in describing the sound crafted by Firebug. All the expected markers are present; here’s the crunchy riff, there’s the Hammond organ; but Firebug adds exceptional dirt and fuzz alongside auxiliary instruments (dig the mandolin in “Fool Like Me”) to bring the sound into realms of grunge, psychedelia, and even folk. While on the whole, the album rails with steam power, stand out tracks such as “Sinner” and “Wine Water and Bread” also elicit the sexy, sliding swampiness of downtempo New Orleans groove.
Speaking of sexy, take time to bask in the vocals of Juliette Tworsey. Her smoothly rounded, valkyrie-vibrato gives wings to the heart of Firebug. From soulful swells as in “For the Love”, to Grace-Slick-esque howls as in “Follower”, she deftly navigates the space of each song to remain present without overpowering.
Also found in “Follower” are some of the more notable lyrics of the album. Remarking upon a world that as “turned gray” where “so much is unclear” and “all my news is a soundbyte”, Tworsey sings with honest ire, “I only know what they told me…I’m a follower”.
If “Follower” stings with certain timeliness, the debut single “Wine Water, and Bread” soothes with old wisdom. Here Tworsey reassures the satisfying capacity of the little things and asserts even “time is a perception, so I hear when you got wine, water, and bread”.
However, lyrical poignancy tends to wane elsewhere in the album. At best, many verses come off like restated stock rock images, such as the lines in “Further From June” that take us “Far above the valley below with the wind the moon and the snow”. At worst, other lines are downright tropes, such as the tired rhyme heard in “For The Love”, “put on my dancing shoes and dance away my blues”.
To be fair, one man’s trope is another’s tradition. There is an undeniable familiarity and accessibility to the images conjured in “Wandering Soul”. As the title suggests, this album paints the picture of the archetypical gypsy woman on a desert highway, the holy pariah, the Sissy Hankshaw, the yearner for capital-T Truth. Said plainly in the dark and catchy “Shallow Water”, “My story…it’s as old as the sun”.
In a way, Firebug’s success with “Wandering Soul” can be summed in their flirtation with the double-edged sword of tradition. They may not be shattering any expectations of what modern blues rock should be, but they perform so forcefully within the lines that the experience is as invigorating as it is wide-reaching.
To talk turkey, “Wandering Soul” is like grandma’s finest recipe with extra butter. It may have come third to the table, but you’d be well advised to get at it first. With the extensive tour plans Firebug has for 2018, you should have plenty of opportunities to get a taste.
Make sure everyone picks up the new album “Wandering Soul” by FireBug which is out now at iTunes, Amazon, Spotify.
Visit their website at www.firebugmusic.com
Follow Firebug on Twitter @firebugmusic
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Film Review: Them That Follow (2019)
Tags: @drjimmystar, @jimmystarsworld, @ronrussellshow, accomplished, album review, blues-rock, Firebug, Indie Music, Jackalope Radio, rock, World Star PR
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Published on 28.02.17 in Vol 19, No 2 (2017): February
Experience With Direct-to-Patient Recruitment for Enrollment Into a Clinical Trial in a Rare Disease: A Web-Based Study
Jeffrey Krischer1*, PhD ;
Peter F Cronholm2*, MSCE, MD ;
Cristina Burroughs1*, BS ;
Carol A McAlear2*, MA ;
Renee Borchin1*, BSW ;
Ebony Easley2*, MPH ;
Trocon Davis2*, BA ;
Joyce Kullman3*, BS ;
Simon Carette4*, MD ;
Nader Khalidi5*, MD ;
Curry Koening6*, MS, MD ;
Carol A Langford7*, MHS, MD ;
Paul Monach8*, MD, PhD ;
Larry Moreland9*, MD ;
Christian Pagnoux4*, MD ;
Ulrich Specks10*, MD ;
Antoine G Sreih2*, MD ;
Steven Ytterberg10*, MD ;
Peter A Merkel2*, MPH, MD ;
Vasculitis Clinical Research Consortium11*
1Rare Diseases Clinical Research Network Data Coordinating Center, Health Informatics Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
2University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
3Vasculitis Foundation, Kansas City, MO, United States
4Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
5St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
6University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
7Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
8Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
9University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
10Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
11Vasculitis Clinical Research Consortium, Philadelphia, PA, United States
Jeffrey Krischer, PhD
Rare Diseases Clinical Research Network Data Coordinating Center
Health Informatics Institute
3650 Spectrum Blvd, Suite 100
Tampa, FL, 33612
Fax:1 877 775 7987
Email: Jeffrey.Krischer@epi.usf.edu
Background: The target sample size for clinical trials often necessitates a multicenter (center of excellence, CoE) approach with associated added complexity, cost, and regulatory requirements. Alternative recruitment strategies need to be tested against this standard model.
Objectives: The aim of our study was to test whether a Web-based direct recruitment approach (patient-centric, PC) using social marketing strategies provides a viable option to the CoE recruitment method.
Methods: PC recruitment and Web-based informed consent was compared with CoE recruitment for a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of continuing versus stopping low-dose prednisone for maintenance of remission of patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA).
Results: The PC approach was not as successful as the CoE approach. Enrollment of those confirmed eligible by their physician was 10 of 13 (77%) and 49 of 51 (96%) in the PC and CoE arms, respectively (P=.05). The two approaches were not significantly different in terms of eligibility with 34% of potential participants in the CoE found to be ineligible as compared with 22% in the PC arm (P=.11) nor in provider acceptance, 22% versus 26% (P=.78). There was no difference in the understanding of the trial as reflected in the knowledge surveys of individuals in the PC and CoE arms.
Conclusions: PC recruitment was substantially less successful than that achieved by the CoE approach. However, the PC approach was good at confirming eligibility and was as acceptable to providers and as understandable to patients as the CoE approach. The PC approach should be evaluated in other clinical settings to get a better sense of its potential.
J Med Internet Res 2017;19(2):e50
clinical trial;
research subject recruitment;
social media;
direct-to-consumer advertising;
granulomatosis with polyangiitis
Despite the emphasis given to randomized controlled trials (RCTs) as the gold standard for the evaluation of new and promising therapies, it is well recognized that sufficient numbers of potential study participants are usually not available at a single institution, necessitating the organization of multicenter studies, development of specialized infrastructure (eg, study staff, training of site personnel, data transfer practices), layers of additional administrative work (eg, multi-institutional agreements and subcontracts, applications to multiple institutional review boards [IRBs], investigator meetings), and all the effort required to maintain study team cohesiveness and momentum across multiple sites. Yet, even with such high levels of investment, accrual into RCTs often fails to meet enrollment goals, even after enrollment periods are markedly extended. As many as 40% of all trials and 71% of phase 3 trials supported by the National Cancer Institute’s clinical trials program fail to ever achieve their target accrual [1,2]. Concern over the failure to achieve targeted accrual numbers extends to all trials nationally, with 19% of RCTs closing without having achieved at least 85% of their target accrual [3]. Among reasons significantly associated with unsuccessful accrual are increased number of eligibility requirements (presumably limiting the number of eligible individuals), less number of research sites, nonindustry funding, and a nonplacebo comparison arm.
Expanding the number of treatment sites in a traditional center of excellence (CoE) model for conducting RCTs is associated with significant costs. Even if multiple sites can be coordinated, a major problem with the traditional CoE model is that the majority of potential study participants are still out of reach of the few geographically-limited clinical centers involved in the trial. This is especially the case in trials targeting individuals with rare diseases [4]. Catchment areas and referral patterns are often related to a lack of experts in the disease under study, institutional competition, insurance agreements, or personal referral networking among physicians. Novel ideas to reach a larger and perhaps less preselected population could reduce the time and cost of clinical trials, increase the generalizability and social value of their findings, and increase the likelihood that important clinical questions could be addressed more quickly and successfully to better support advancing new beneficial therapies to affected individuals. Even more importantly, such methods would revolutionize clinical research in rare diseases.
These factors motivate the consideration of novel methods to recruit potentially eligible individuals to RCTs. The pharmaceutical industry makes extensive use of direct-to-consumer advertising of approved prescription drugs [5,6] with a presumed objective to attract patients to their drugs, as well as to inform about treatment alternatives and encourage communication with health care providers. Although regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), this marketing strategy is not without its detractors, especially when marketing begins soon after approval and there remains a need to educate providers on the appropriate use of the drug, and more data on possible untoward side effects is needed [7].
Although investigators rarely have the budget to employ the same advertising strategies as does the pharmaceutical industry, the rapid growth of the Internet and social media provide inexpensive, and in some cases, free access to millions of potential research participants. The value of advertising over the Internet is a major business strategy and investigators have taken note to use this methodology to broaden their reach to potentially eligible individuals and simultaneously overcome the barriers to enrollment into RCT [8-14].
This paper describes an effort to test whether direct recruitment of study individuals using social marketing strategies (ie, Web-based tools, online patient communities, Facebook, Twitter, Google+, others) to reach a target population and provide an interactive Web-based method to engage, educate, enroll, and obtain informed consent, provides a viable option for recruitment and enrollment into an RCT. Notably, the approach also included elements designed to reduce known barriers to enrollment [15] by having only one IRB, reducing study burden by not requiring treating physicians to be involved in the research, and asking an important clinical question, with 2 equally attractive treatment arms that were considered accepted standards of care.
Rationale for The Assessment of Prednisone in Remission (TAPIR) Trial
To test direct patient recruitment (patient-centric, PC) and compare it with the traditional CoE recruitment model, a clinical trial was designed for use as the study setting. The Assessment of Prednisone in Remission (TAPIR) trial tests whether patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA; Wegener’s) have better outcomes after their GPA is well-controlled (in remission) if they stay on a maintenance dose of 5 mg/day of prednisone or fully come off of prednisone (0 mg/day; Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01940094 and NCT01933724).
Studies in the last 20 years have addressed the use of immunosuppressive medications in GPA. Unlike immunosuppressive medications, the use of prednisone has not been rigorously evaluated. There is little evidence to guide the use of prednisone and there is considerable practice pattern variation, especially after the induction of remission. Of particular debate is whether low-dose prednisone contributes to maintaining the remission of GPA. Some experts support the use of long-term, low-dose prednisone, claiming improved disease control, a subsequent reduction in the exposure to toxic immunosuppressive medications, fewer periods of exposure to high-dose prednisone, and a reduction in the accumulation of disease-related scarring. Others argue that the use of long-term, low-dose prednisone is ineffective at reducing relapses and exposes patients to the potential toxicity of high cumulative doses of prednisone. The efficacy of long-term, low-dose prednisone for the treatment of GPA to prevent relapses or reduce treatment-related toxicity is a matter of continued debate [16].
The setting for this RCT is the Vasculitis Clinical Research Consortium (VCRC) , a founding member of the Rare Diseases Clinical Research Network (RDCRN) [17] and the major clinical research infrastructure in North America for the study of vasculitis. The work conducted by the VCRC includes clinical trials, outcome measures development, large cohort and clinical epidemiologic studies, biospecimen collection and repository, translational investigations including biomarker discovery and genomics, and research training. The US and Canada VCRC vasculitis clinical centers (ie, CoE sites) participated in this study. Simultaneously, the PC approach has been implemented by the VCRC and the RDCRN Data Management and Coordinating Center (DMCC) for cross-sectional studies and patient communication using Web-based tools and the Vasculitis Patient Contact Registry, which consists of nearly 3000 individuals in the United States with vasculitis, of whom 1458 report a diagnosis of GPA.
The TAPIR Protocol
To be eligible, patients must have an established diagnosis of GPA (verified by medical record review by protocol oversight management team) and meet at least two of the 5 modified American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria [18]. Patients must have had active disease within the prior 12 months (initial presentation or relapse) that at time of active disease required treatment with prednisone ≥ 20 mg/day. At the time of enrollment, the patient’s disease must be in remission and their prednisone dose ≥ 5 mg/day and ≤ 20 mg/day. If the patient is taking an immunosuppressive medication agent other than prednisone (maintenance agent) then the maintenance agent must be at a stable dose for 1 month prior to enrollment with no plans by the treating physician to change the dose (other than for safety purposes or toxicity) for the duration of the study (through the month 6 visit or early termination). Participants must be age 18 years or above and their treating physician needs to agree that either treatment assignment is standard of care.
All enrolled participants are tapered from their baseline prednisone dose to 5 mg/day and are then randomized using a 1:1 ratio to remain on 5 mg/day or taper their prednisone dose down to 0 mg/day for the duration of the study (approximately 6 months) or until a study endpoint (Figure 1). All study participants are followed for 6 months or until an increase of prednisone dose (after randomization) occurs, whichever comes first. CoE participants have up to 4 study visits, a screening visit (visit 1), a baseline (visit 2), a month 3 visit (visit 3), and a month 6 or flare visit (visit 4), and up to 2 follow-up phone calls from the study coordinator at randomization and at month 1 (randomization and month 1 phone call may be combined if randomization occurs at month 1).
The primary study endpoint outcome at 6 months included: either (1) continued remission; or (2) a relapse, defined as the physician decision to increase glucocorticoids for disease relapse. The secondary study endpoints include: rates of flare subtypes (severe vs nonsevere), time to event (flare), health-related quality of life, safety (adverse events), and protocol performance (compliance, retention, data completeness, timeliness of data entry, and data accuracy).
Figure 1. The Assessment of Prednisone in Remission (TAPIR) study summary for center of excellence (CoE) and patient-centric (PC) arms.
Patient-Centric Recruitment
The VCRC Contact Registry, social media websites, and the Vasculitis Foundation, the largest patient advocacy group for vasculitis, are utilized to direct patients to the study public website (Figure 2). The study’s public website provides information including inclusion or exclusion criteria, requirements for participation in the study, the study design of tapering of prednisone to 0 mg/day or 5 mg/day, and whom to contact with questions.
The public TAPIR website also contains an interactive informed consent form to enroll in the study. Potential participants are presented with a video about the study that explains the goals of the research and the risks and benefits of the study. Participants are able to access this video continually during the consenting process and after enrollment. The participant is able to contact study staff through social media or other options including phone or email. Once enrolled in the study, the participant has access to a study website that is personalized for each participant. Participants can keep track of their progress in the study, access the Web-based consent form, and access study forms. Participants receive their treatment randomization assignment via the participant website as well as a physician packet that the participant takes to his or her treating physician explaining the research study and the participant’s involvement in the study. The physician has the option to agree to be contacted by study staff to answer questions about their role in this research study.
In order for the participant to be eligible for the study and to establish that the treating physician is not engaged as a researcher in the study, as defined by the US Office for Human Research Protections, the treating physician needs to agree that either a prednisone dose of 5 mg/day or 0 mg/day is standard of care; such agreement is thus consistent with the treating physician providing routine care. A protocol oversight management team provides independent review of a patient’s medical records provided by the treating physician to determine if the participant meets eligibility requirements. Participants taper their prednisone dose under the guidance of their own treating physician. Once the participant reaches a dose of prednisone of 5 mg/day, the participant reengages the website and is randomized to continue prednisone at 5 mg/day or taper prednisone to 0 mg/day. The participant’s treating physician is then notified of the participant’s randomized dose. Participants are to be followed for 6 months from randomization.
Figure 2. Patient-centric (PC) arm study flow.
Center of Excellence Recruitment Model
Investigators at CoE sites are responsible for implementation of the protocol, including screening of potential participants, enrollment of participants, conduct of the protocol, and adherence to federal and local guidelines for clinical research and the protection of human participants (IRB approval). Site-specific CoE study coordinators are responsible for managing the day-to-day operations and implementation of the TAPIR protocol, including the completion of all relevant documentation and record-keeping; scheduling participants for study visits and maintaining the visit calendar; collecting the prednisone study diary; following principles of Good Clinical Practice; submitting the protocols and consent forms to the institutional review or ethics boards; and assisting with patient education and training.
Recruitment occurs through the clinical practices of each site. Participants are also recruited, as needed, via mailings to appropriate clinicians in the investigators’ catchment area. Details of the goals of the research and the risk and benefits of the protocol are reviewed with each potential study participant. The consenting process is documented in the study chart.
An optional part of the study was participation in a 21-question knowledge assessment to compare the Web-based PC-arm based informed consent with the standard administration of an informed consent in the CoE. The knowledge assessment contained questions regarding the purpose of the study, eligibility, treatment arm dosing, risks, and communication with the study team or the individual’s treating physician.
Semistructured qualitative interviews were conducted with patients with GPA in both the CoE and PC arms. Patients were interviewed following the consent process and at any of 3 study endpoints (6-month completion, flare related drop-off, nonflare related drop-off). Regardless of study arm, patient interview domains included: (1) factors affecting the decision to enroll, (2) motivation for participation, (3) perception of the recruitment or consent process, (4) expectations for participation, including risks and benefits, and (5) understanding and comfort with tapering period or process. Additional questions were added for participants in both study arms that did not reach the 6-month completion endpoint.
Participant interviews were conducted over the phone. With the participant’s permission, all interviews were audio recorded and professionally transcribed. All deidentified qualitative data was entered into NVivo 10 (QSR International), qualitative data analysis software, to facilitate analysis. Interviews were analyzed using modified grounded theory techniques. After a close reading of the initial transcripts, a codebook was developed comprised a priori and grounded theory codes. This analytical method allowed the team to code for ideas of particular interest to the study team and to code for ideas that emerged from the participants’ words. Twenty percent of all transcripts were coded by 2 coders in order to assess interrater reliability. If there was less than 90% agreement or .6 kappa in coding, the coders and investigators discussed the areas under question and discrepancies were resolved by consensus methods.
Enrollment Findings
The PC and CoE recruitment efforts were launched on February 17, 2014, after receiving IRB approval. The CoE effort was initiated at the 2 sites that had received IRB approval at this point in time. There was a 2-month lapse between the activation of the first 2 CoE sites and the eighth and final CoE site. Distribution of recruiting materials by the Vasculitis Foundation also began on February 17, 2014; this included promotion of the study on their website, creation of a separate TAPIR trial Web page, inclusion in their quarterly newsletter, a webinar on February 15, 2015, and mention at Chapter meetings and the 2015 Vasculitis Foundation symposium. Distribution to the 1458 patients with GPA in the United States enrolled in the Vasculitis Patient Contact Registry began on May 13, 2014, and was repeated in one-to-two month intervals.
Enrollment, as of May 31, 2016, was 49 in the CoE and 10 in the PC arms. Planned enrollment was 3.3 participants per month for each of the arms, whereas the actual enrollment rate was 0.4 and 1.8 participants per month for the PC and CoE arms, respectively. The social media–directed recruitment effort brought 16,094 individuals to the TAPIR trial website over this time period. Of this large group, only 82 (0.5%, 82/16,094) consented to participate in the study (Figure 3). Information on diagnosis and prednisone dosing was provided during registration by 60 of these 82 (73%; 60/82). Self-reported data suggested 47 of the 60 (78%; 47/60) were potentially eligible for enrollment. The distribution of demographic and GPA diagnosis clinical data for participants enrolled is summarized in Table 1.
Patient-centric arm
(n=10) Center of excellence arm (n=49)
Age at enrollment (years)
Mean 54.8 55.6
Median 56.5 59
Range 37-69 21-80
Male 3 25
Female 7 24
Not indicated 0 0
Age at diagnosis (years)
Median 47 56
Newly diagnosed versus recurrent disease
Newly diagnosed 1 28
Recurrent disease 9 21
Years since diagnosis
Mean 8.4 3.4
Median 7 2
Range 1-24 0-23
Table 1. Study participant demographics and medical history.
After review of medical records, 64 of the 188 (34%; 64/188) potential CoE participants were found to be ineligible as compared with 13 of 60 (22%; 13/60) in the PC arm (P=.10). The 2 approaches toward recruitment were not significantly different in provider acceptance with 18 of the 83 (22%; 18/83) eligible participants on the CoE arm excluded by their treating physician as compared with 12 of 47 (26%; 12/47) on the PC arm (P=.78). The actual enrollment of those confirmed eligible by their physician was 10 of 13 (77%; 10/13) and 49 of 51 (96%; 49/51) in the PC and CoE arms (P=.11), respectively.
In the PC arm, those who were not eligible were not on the appropriate prednisone dose (n=12) or did not have GPA (n=1). Those who were eligible were requested to contact their treating physician to confirm eligibility and obtain physician concurrence that the treatment plan of either 5 mg/day or 0 mg/day of prednisone was acceptable (n=47). Despite a multipronged approach or reminders and attempted direct contact with treating physicians by study staff, this step posed a significant obstacle with 26% of consenting eligible participants unable to proceed with the study due to the inability to get physician concurrence. Of the 35 physician packets returned, an additional 22 people (63%, 22/35) were found to be ineligible for various reasons (Figure 3), leaving 13 eligible participants. Of those, 10 were randomized to one of the 2 TAPIR treatment arms. By comparison, the CoE sites identified 147 potentially eligible individuals of whom 83 (57%, 83/147) met the TAPIR trial eligibility criteria. 51 of 83 (61%; 51/83) were found to be eligible; 49 of these 51 patients were randomized.
At present, none of the 10 participants (0%) on the PC arm and 2 of 49 (4%; 2/49) participants on the CoE arm have withdrawn from the study before reaching the study end point (P>.99). This compares favorably with the anticipated 20% withdrawal rate included in the planning for the trial. One participant on the PC arm and 9 on the CoE are currently on study. As those participants are in follow-up and the randomized trial is still accruing, no data on clinical outcomes is presented.
With 14 of 60 PC and 37 of 50 CoE participants responding, the mean (standard deviation) informed consent knowledge scores, which asked questions about the study purpose, eligibility, expectations regarding study compliance and data reporting, and the ability to withdraw from the study, were 9.8 (88%) and 10.1 (85%), (P=.34). In total, 47% of all participants answered more than 91% of the questions correctly. Additionally, 7% of PC participants and 8% of CoE participants answered fewer than 70% of the questions correctly.
Figure 3. The Assessment of Prednisone in Remission (TAPIR) trial consort diagram.
Qualitative Findings
A total of 19 qualitative interviews were conducted with 14 participants recruited from the CoE arm and 5 from the PC arm. Qualitative data illustrated factors driving study enrollment and retention. Participants described a range of inwardly- and outwardly-directed rationales for participating in the study. Outwardly-directed rationales included the stated desire to help others with vasculitis and to further scientific knowledge about the treatment of vasculitis. More inwardly-focused drivers included a sense of a having access to a larger medical network while participating in studies and, specifically for this study, a means of expediting their process of stopping or reducing their prednisone.
Information sources related to study enrollment varied among participants. Some participants described learning about the study through emails or information available on websites (eg, Facebook). Others described finding out about the study through their treating physician. The described information sources were also key factors in patients’ self-assessment of eligibility and appropriateness of testing the study question. Participants described challenges related to study enrollment and some of the specific aspects of the tested study designs. Negotiating risk was a factor in participants’ decision to enroll in the study. Though some participants did not identify risk in study enrollment, others voiced concerns over confidentiality, randomization to an undesired study arm, and concerns over associated risk of flare or sickness. Primary factors driving retention included descriptions of study physicians and study coordinators being viewed as trusted sources of information and having availability to address participants’ concerns about perceived risks. Multimedia Appendix 1 provides illustrative quotes supporting the summative findings above.
Principal Findings
The Web-based PC approach to recruiting participants into this study was clearly not as successful as the traditional CoE approach. Nonetheless, patients are capable of understanding and correctly appraising whether or not they met the eligibility criteria for the trial and equally astute as to whether their treating physician would agree with the study. Furthermore, there was no difference in the understanding of the trial as reflected in the knowledge surveys of individuals on the PC and CoE arms. In many respects the enrollment yield from the population of potentially eligible participants is the same for the PC or CoE recruitment strategies. The major difference that accounts for the larger number of those enrolled in the PC arm stems from the higher number of eligible subjects.
The ability to get community physicians to facilitate the enrollment process by certifying that either of the TAPIR treatments (prednisone 0 or 5 mg/day) was consistent with the standard of care proved to be problematic. Although eliminating this problem would not have made the accrual rates equal between the arms, it would likely have substantially positively contributed to the accrual numbers. This barrier existed despite the fact that implementation of the PC arm did not require treating community physicians to be involved in the IRB process, nor any more effort other than acknowledging that the treatment choices were medically appropriate, and releasing the medical records. The qualitative findings illustrated that some participants described the physician approval as a both a barrier to enrollment for interested participants and a potential deterrent. Even though not considered part of the study team, PC arm patients ascribed much weight to their treating physician’s opinion about participation and role in or perceived burden of establishing eligibility.
Web-based social media was successful in mobilizing a substantial number of individuals to the study website. Qualitative data supported the intention that these methods would be an efficient way to reach and motivate large numbers of people. The qualitative data suggested that there was interest among participants in the study question as well as an overarching desire to advance knowledge related to the treatment of vasculitis. Others described enrollment as a means of getting off of prednisone where they may not have if not participating in the study. It is possible that increased success of PC recruitment could have been seen with a more broadly applicable or alternative study question. Alternatively, age has been shown to be a moderating factor in the appeal of direct-to-consumer marketing, with older adults relying more on their providers rather than the marketed message [19] which implies that the direct PC appeal of the TAPIR trial might have also have been muted due to the age distribution of this disease.
The prospect of reduced cost of PC recruitment as compared with CoE recruitment, with its need for IRB approvals, continues to make PC recruitment highly appealing. For this particular study question the PC approach was not successful in yielding an accrual rate that could support achievement of the target sample size in a reasonable amount of time and it was substantially less successful than the recruitment achieved by the CoE. Notably, the CoE accrual has also been less than anticipated at the onset of the trial, supporting the conclusion that this trial was a challenge for recruitment in general. The experience of exploring the PC approach in this study yielded several interesting observations and methods that should be evaluated in other clinical settings to get a better sense of the potential of these new methods for clinical trial conduct.
This study did not suffer from the same issues as the Research on Electronic Monitoring of OAB Treatment Experience (REMOTE) [20] study, which also attempted Web-based recruitment and enrollment in 2011, but it shared a similar fate. The potential benefit of direct-to-patient recruitment remains to be realized and it may be that the characteristics of the best clinical setting and target population are yet to be found.
This project was supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL115041). The Vasculitis Clinical Research Consortium (VCRC) has received support from the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (U54 AR057319), the National Center for Research Resources (U54 RR019497), the Office of Rare Diseases Research (ORDR), and the National Center for Advancing Translational Science (NCATS). The VCRC is part of the Rare Diseases Clinical Research Network (RDCRN), an initiative of ORDR and NCATS.The RDCRN Data Coordinating Center (U01TR001263) is also supported by ORDR, NCATS.
Qualitative themes and quotations from participant interviews.
Cheng SK, Dietrich MS, Dilts DM. A sense of urgency: evaluating the link between clinical trial development time and the accrual performance of cancer therapy evaluation program (NCI-CTEP) sponsored studies. Clin Cancer Res 2010 Nov 15;16(22):5557-5563 [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]
Ramsey S, Scoggins J. Commentary: practicing on the tip of an information iceberg? Evidence of underpublication of registered clinical trials in oncology. Oncologist 2008 Sep;13(9):925-929 [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]
Carlisle BC, Kimmelman J, Ramsay T, MacKinnon N. Unsuccessful trial accrual and human subjects protections: an empirical analysis of recently closed trials. Clin Trials 2015 Feb;12(1):77-83 [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]
Richesson RL, Lee HS, Cuthbertson D, Lloyd J, Young K, Krischer JP. An automated communication system in a contact registry for persons with rare diseases: scalable tools for identifying and recruiting clinical research participants. Contemp Clin Trials 2009 Jan;30(1):55-62 [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]
Donohue JM, Cevasco M, Rosenthal MB. A decade of direct-to-consumer advertising of prescription drugs. N Engl J Med 2007 Aug 16;357(7):673-681. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Greene JA, Kesselheim AS. Pharmaceutical marketing and the new social media. N Engl J Med 2010 Nov 25;363(22):2087-2089. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Ventola CL. Direct-to-consumer pharmaceutical advertising: therapeutic or toxic? P T 2011 Oct;36(10):669-684 [FREE Full text] [Medline]
Smith SK, Selig W, Harker M, Roberts JN, Hesterlee S, Leventhal D, et al. Patient engagement practices in clinical research among patient groups, industry, and academia in the united states: a survey. PLoS One 2015;10(10):e0140232 [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]
Paul J, Seib R, Prescott T. The Internet and clinical trials: background, online resources, examples and issues. J Med Internet Res 2005;7(1):e5 [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]
Marks R, Bristol H, Conlon M, Pepine CJ. Enhancing clinical trials on the internet: lessons from INVEST. Clin Cardiol 2001 Nov;24(11 Suppl):V17-V23 [FREE Full text] [Medline]
Köpcke F, Prokosch H. Employing computers for the recruitment into clinical trials: a comprehensive systematic review. J Med Internet Res 2014 Jul 01;16(7):e161 [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]
Valdez RS, Guterbock TM, Thompson MJ, Reilly JD, Menefee HK, Bennici MS, et al. Beyond traditional advertisements: leveraging Facebook's social structures for research recruitment. J Med Internet Res 2014;16(10):e243 [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]
Glasgow RE, Nelson CC, Kearney KA, Reid R, Ritzwoller DP, Strecher VJ, et al. Reach, engagement, and retention in an Internet-based weight loss program in a multi-site randomized controlled trial. J Med Internet Res 2007;9(2):e11 [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]
Bull SS, Vallejos D, Levine D, Ortiz C. Improving recruitment and retention for an online randomized controlled trial: experience from the Youthnet study. AIDS Care 2008 Sep;20(8):887-893. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Ross S, Grant A, Counsell C, Gillespie W, Russell I, Prescott R. Barriers to participation in randomised controlled trials: a systematic review. J Clin Epidemiol 1999 Dec;52(12):1143-1156. [Medline]
Walsh M, Merkel PA, Mahr A, Jayne D. Effects of duration of glucocorticoid therapy on relapse rate in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis: a meta-analysis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2010 Aug;62(8):1166-1173 [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]
Krischer JP, Gopal-Srivastava R, Groft SC, Eckstein DJ, Rare Diseases Clinical Research Network. The Rare Diseases Clinical Research Network's organization and approach to observational research and health outcomes research. J Gen Intern Med 2014 Aug;29(Suppl 3):S739-S744 [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]
Hunder GG, Arend WP, Bloch DA, Calabrese LH, Fauci AS, Fries JF, et al. The American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria for the classification of vasculitis: introduction. Arthritis Rheum 1990 Aug;33(8):1065-1067. [Medline]
Ball JG, Manika D, Stout PA. The moderating role of age in responses to direct-to-consumer prescription drug advertising. J Health Commun 2016;21(1):12-32. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Covington D, Veley K. Appliedclinicaltrialsonline. 2015 Feb 01. The remote patient-centered approach in clinical research URL: http://www.appliedclinicaltrialsonline.com/print/287791?page=full [accessed 2017-01-12] [WebCite Cache]
CoE: center of excellence
GPA: granulomatosis with polyangiitis
PC: patient-centric
RCT: randomized controlled trial
RDCRN: Rare Diseases Clinical Research Network
TAPIR: The Assessment of Prednisone in Remission (TAPIR)
VCRC: Vasculitis Clinical Research Consortium (VCRC)
Edited by G Eysenbach; submitted 12.10.16; peer-reviewed by M Harker, L Deblieck, C Polanco; comments to author 30.11.16; revised version received 18.01.17; accepted 21.01.17; published 28.02.17
©Jeffrey Krischer, Peter F Cronholm, Cristina Burroughs, Carol A McAlear, Renee Borchin, Ebony Easley, Trocon Davis, Joyce Kullman, Simon Carette, Nader Khalidi, Curry Koening, Carol A Langford, Paul Monach, Larry Moreland, Christian Pagnoux, Ulrich Specks, Antoine G Sreih, Steven Ytterberg, Peter A Merkel, Vasculitis Clinical Research Consortium. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 28.02.2017.
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Animal adoptions are flat, so how did the Humane Society double its save rate In two years?
In 2017, Forsyth County embarked on a new program to help save abandoned and stray animals. The goal is to reach a save rate — the percentage of animals not euthanized — of 90% by the year 2023. Forsyth County Commissioner Dave Plyler recently praised program for its successes. So we wanted … Read more
Turkey drops? No, but these local radio personalities did crazy things to get attention
It’s the Thanksgiving season — time for turkey, pumpkin pie, and reliving the greatest fictional radio promotion of all time. Read more
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Take a stroll in Reynolda Gardens or in the forests of Tanglewood, and you’ll know what it’s like to be serenaded by songbirds that fill our Piedmont skies. Read more
Love locks? Let’s not, or at least not at Quarry Park
Quarry Park is one of the city’s newest gems, an open-space oasis on the Southeast side offering a crystal view of the downtown skyline and a marooned body of water perched in the middle that we may ponder its depths. Read more
Pot or not? Is it time for marijuana laws to change in North Carolina?
This month our focus is on the question of whether or not marijuana should be legalized. We’ll explore that question at our Twin City Talks Live! community conversation tonight. It’s sold out but we’ll be live-tweeting the highlights and you can find a wrap-up of the event on twincitytalks.com. Read more
A look at hate crime laws in the wake of Julius Sampson’s shooting death in Winston-Salem
In early August Julius Sampson – known to friends and family as “Juice” – was gunned down in the parking lot of a restaurant at Hanes Mall in a shooting that took place in the broad daylight of a Tuesday afternoon. Sampson was a father, a husband, a barber who contributed to his community. Read more
Elections security in NC? This expert says paper ballots are the way to go.
Josh Lawson spent five years working with the N.C. Board of Elections, leaving his position as general counsel in May following the board’s replacement of executive director Kim Westbrook Strach. Read more
He lost his teenage son to a football injury. Bob Gfeller has spent the decade since pushing to make sports safer.
Our next Twin City Talks community conversation is titled “Pushing the Limits: Sports are supposed to be fun, not dangerous.” That’s coming June 5 at 5:30 p.m. in downtown Winston-Salem in Footnotes Event Space at Foothills Brewing. We hope you can join us. Read more
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Home / Find for sale in Palm Beach FL / Models / Aventador S Roadster | Lamborghini Palm Beach
THE OPEN TOP ICON
The icon that inherited the legacy of the historic S models of the Miura, Islero, Countach, and Urraco returns to outdo itself in its most exciting version: the Aventador S Roadster.
The new V12 engine with a whopping 740 HP and the exclusiveness of Lamborghini design, unparalleled in this open top version, are joined in the Aventador S Roadster by the most sophisticated technology of the range, including the new LDVA (Lamborghini Dinamica Veicolo Attiva), which provides an incomparable driving experience, all of this able to feed the ego even of those who constantly seek the most powerful and adrenaline-pumping sensations.
Being able to run at more than 350 km/h is an experience of pure adrenaline. And doing it with nothing between you and the sky is one sensation that can unleash another thousand: the most powerful you will ever experience aboard an automobile.
Because at the wheel of the Aventador S Roadster, thanks to the extreme agility of its active vehicle dynamics, every curve becomes a quiver of exhilaration on your skin, and the 740 HP unleashed onto the asphalt by the iconic V12 engine is not just music, but an entire symphony.
With the Aventador S Roadster, you will discover the most powerful tool for feeding your ego and amplifying your senses to the highest level.
The signature of the Aventador range is a combination of deep and bold lines, oriented toward the most extreme aerodynamics. The Aventador S Roadster reinforces this mixture of dynamism, refinement and aggressiveness by means of even sharper lines, inspired by nature and aeronautics, with exhaust terminals that transform the rear end into that of a space shuttle and a front end that recalls the strength and elegance of a shark ready to dominate the road.
And then, the Roadster’s removable roof highlights the life-style at the heart of the Aventador S: an unbeatable mix of sportiness and elegance that allows you to experience every sensation at the maximum level.
Because the design of a Lamborghini is never an end in itself: every surface of the Aventador S Roadster has been designed to increase power and improve performance.
Just like for the Coupé version, the interiors of the Aventador S Roadster completely fulfill the task of seamlessly blending its supersports soul with cutting-edge technology and a design that is always incredibly luxurious.
The interior finishes feature materials of the highest quality and present an infinite variety of possibilities, like the new S-trim configuration. Options also include the possibility of choosing an innovative material such as Carbon Skin® to be the covering for some of the interior details.
It is this multi-faceted soul, with its explosive mix of performance, design and exclusivity, that has served as the inspiration for a series of original colors and finishes created especially for the Roadster. Sporty, contemporary, glamorous and luxurious: discover all of the new configurations developed by the Ad Personam team to highlight every subtle detail of the Aventador S Roadster and enhance its unique personality.
DRIVING DYNAMICS
In addition to its beating heart, Aventador S Roadster is also endowed with an incredibly sophisticated brain: the innovative Lamborghini Active Vehicle Dynamics (LDVA) control unit, a system of active technologies that can manage each of the dynamic axles of the vehicle. The lateral vehicle dynamics is controlled by a steering system that involves all four wheels using Lamborghini Dynamic Steering (LDS) and Lamborghini Rear-wheel Steering (LRS). The vertical vehicle dynamics is handled by the Lamborghini Magneto-rheological suspension (LMS) and the active rear aerodynamics. And the longitudinal dynamics relies on the four-wheel drive system (4WD). The LDVA system combines all the information coming from the car’s sensors and establishes in real time the best setting for each driving condition. The result is performance that is absolutely perfect, safe, and compelling.
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Festival, Celebration » Supreme Court » Law And Justice
National Legal Services Day Celebrations On 9 November: 2018 Theme, Details, History
National Legal Services Day Celebrations On 9 November: 2018 Theme, Details, Aim, Significance, History
The National Legal Services Day (NLSD) is celebrated every year on 9th November across India to spread awareness for ensuring reasonable fair and justice procedure for all citizens.
The National Legal Services Day (NLSD) main aim to celebrate the day is to devise free of charge, proficient and legal services to the people belonging to weaker sections of society.
On this National Legal Services Day, Lok Adalats are organised to encourage the availability of the legal system operations to people on the equality basis.
Many legal literacy camps and functions are also organised all over India to increase awareness of free legal aid towards every weak citizen of the country. It aims to make sure the availability of free services to the weaker section people as well as making them conscious about their rights.
The Government of India also declared its commitment of facilitating 'Sabka Nyay' or 'Justice' for all which is an intrinsic part its Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas agenda.
The National Legal Services Day (NLSD) was first started by Supreme Court of India in 1995 to provide help and support to poor and weaker sections of the society.
In India, the Supreme Court is the apex judicial forum and final court of appeal under the Constitution of India, the highest constitutional court, with the power of judicial review.
The Supreme Court comprised of the Chief Justice of India and a maximum of 30 other judges, it has extensive powers in the form of original, appellate and advisory jurisdictions.
Established: 1st October 1937
Location: New Delhi
Chief Justice of India: CJI Justice Ranjan Gogoi (2018)
Motto: Yato Dharmastato Jayaḥ--Where there is truth (dharma), there is a victory (justice)
» Daily Current Affairs 3rd November 2018 GK GS Bulletins
» Justice Hemant Gupta, R. Subhash Reddy, MR Shah & Ajay Rastogi took oath as SC Judge
» Supreme Court bans 15 year old petrol and diesel vehicles in Delhi
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Op-Ed: Spotify is fine. But let’s mourn the passing of CDs
(Christopher Serra / For The Times)
By Marc Weingarten
Amoeba Music announced last month that it is downsizing, leaving its behemoth store on Sunset Boulevard after 17 years. It’s moving to a smaller spot nearby and turning part of its reduced floor space into a marijuana dispensary. Cue the laments of collectors who spent their rent money there on 180-gram vinyl.
Few, I suspect, will get too melancholy about the CDs they bought at the store. Amoeba’s bottomless compact disc inventory, once a glorious spectacle, now feels like the contents of an ancient reliquary. It’s as if Best Buy filled most of its store space with Sony Walkmen.
CDs have become music’s bastard stepchildren: unwanted, unloved and misunderstood. The stereos in new cars can’t even play them. Cassette tapes, oddly, now cast a warm nostalgic glow alongside vinyl.
The problem with sundowning music formats is that, in our eagerness to pitch ourselves into the future with new technology, we bury what brought us so much pleasure in the first place. CDs sound better than streaming files. They last longer than cassettes. And yet they have become irrelevant.
Pity the CD. Has any format ever been more disparaged? For vinyl purists, compact discs have a lot to answer for, mainly because they ushered in the era of digital recording in the early ’80s. For audiophiles, digital, with its claims of perfect sound forever, was the enemy; it turned music brittle and distorted sound the way VHS tape degraded color. Of course our current popular format, streaming files, have a higher compression rate than compact discs, which is a fancy way of saying that even your old CD copy of “Three Feet High and Rising” will sound better than anything you might listen to on Spotify. So does every classical CD recorded after 1984.
CDs have become music’s bastard stepchildren: unwanted, unloved and misunderstood.
Compact discs felt like science fiction in the era before personal computers, a portent of how technology would change our lives for the better: Lasers made it play! There were 72 minutes to a disc, and you didn’t have to turn it over! Sure, CDs were initially overpriced, and in the rush to convert old recordings there were master tapes transferred at the wrong speed, noisy imperfections, xeroxed liner notes.
But compact discs eventually hit their stride, as independent labels mastered the art of packaging, so that CDs from Sub Pop or Matador carried with them the cachet of our precious vinyl. Nirvana’s “Nevermind” isn’t technically a “classic album” but a classic CD; so are Outkast’s “Stankonia,” Radiohead’s “Kid A” and Jay-Z’s “The Blueprint.”
CDs have also given us other gifts. Without the technological advances brought on by compact discs, Beach Boys’ leader Brian Wilson might not have bothered to dig through his vault. But with digital’s help, he carefully pieced together 2004’s “Smile,” resurrecting rock’s infamous “lost album,” which, incidentally, sounded great on CD.
Enter the Fray: First takes on the news of the minute from L.A. Times Opinion »
Compact discs also nudged the record industry to exhume and curate our musical past. There now exists a vast and essential digital archive of every conceivable strand of music in lavish box sets with copious liner notes. (They’re cheap too.) Because of this CD-driven development, a fan can wrap his arms around an entire artist’s oeuvre without having to spend a small fortune on rare vinyl.
Consider that the biggest-selling CD box set remains Columbia Records’ 1990 reissue of Delta blues genius Robert Johnson’s recordings — a landmark moment that moved this cornerstone artist into the 20th century mainstream. Streaming services such as Spotify also carry the Johnson collection (of course without any of the recording information or historical context available in the liner notes) but it’s only available to them because someone assembled it for the CD. It’s fine, but there’s no fun in it.
Rather than mourn Amoeba’s contraction, it might be a good moment to acknowledge that the compact disc had more impact on music than we care to admit, and that it can still provide us with pleasure even now. Everyone who ever patronized Amoeba should take one good, long, last look. You will never see that many CDs in one place again.
Marc Weingarten is the author of “Thirsty: William Mulholland, California Water and the Real Chinatown.”
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More than 40 years ago she was pregnant and needed an abortion. Now, she regrets having had to make the decision, but not the decision itself.
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Home / Itineraries / Valley of the Temples – Akragas / Fortifications
Fortifications and city-gates
Ardus inde Acragas ostentat maxima longe. Moenia,magnanimum quondum generator equorum…
Virgil – Eneid, book III
The circuit of the fortification walls of ancient Akragas was of considerable extension (12 km approx.). It had a quadrangular perimeter and was partly cut into the rock and partly entirely built with masonry. It dates back to the sixth century B.C.
This defensive system can rightly be defined as an human enhancement to a natural system that it could play alone the role of protection of the city that was located between the defensive stronghold represented by the two hills of Girgenti and the Rupe Atenea to the North and the hill of the temples to the south. The latter was not as high and steep as the others, but, nevertheless, played an important role of defense and control of the coast. The eastern and western sides of this hypothetical quadrilateral defined by the valleys of the Akragas and Ipsas rivers were defended by largely built walls.
Along the circuit of the fortifications there were nine gates placed always in correspondence of a valley or a slight natural depression. The gates were of the sceo type with a bastion tower that was projecting on the right and with a powerful oblique re-entry. Of great interest at Gate I, the pincer bulwark: a great defensive work consisting of two wall sections converging towrds a tower: the largest of which is 55 meters long and 5 meters thick. The base of the tower (8.30 by 6.80 m) is preserved.
Text © Copyright Corrado Capraro
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Pro bono charity seeks to remove PII barrier for in-house
By Monidipa Fouzder2019-06-06T16:02:00+01:00
A leading access to justice charity has unveiled plans to remove insurance as a barrier preventing lawyers from doing pro bono work. In-house teams and firms who work together on pro bono projects can apply to be covered by LawWorks' professional indemnity insurance, its chief executive revealed today.
Martin Barnes told the inaugural LawWorks Clinics Network Conference in Birmingham that insurance costs can sometimes be a barrier for in-house lawyers and firms.
Where insurance is not already available, clinics within LawWorks' 250-strong network can come under the charity's PII. Projects that LawWorks runs or supports can also be insured.
Barnes said: 'We have been jealous of the Australian Pro Bono Centre which can provide insurance to projects they do not run or support.'
In-house legal teams and firms will be able to apply to be covered by LawWorks' PII. However, the application process will be restricted to LawWorks members. Barnes said: 'We’re hopeful this means insurance will not be a reason why pro bono projects cannot be started.'
LawWorks will also be piloting a virtual advice clinic called 'Free Legal Answers' where clients can log into the system to ask a legal question or describe a legal problem. Details of the project were announced last year.
The service was originally developed as an online pro bono clinic by US firm Baker Donelson. Barnes told the conference: 'I had a chat with the chair of the American Bar Association, whose firm owns the licence for Free Legal Answers. They offered to give LawWorks the licence.'
Lawyers in England and Wales wanting to take part will need to register and be verified by LawWorks. They will be able to respond to legal enquiries and provide advice anonymously. But the charity will not be able to protect them from complaints from the ombudsman or Solicitors Regulation Authority.
Barnes said: 'All the advice given by lawyers will be covered by LawWorks’ PII. They can contact the individual asking the question for further information or clarification. That’s Free Legal Answers. But we’re approaching it very cautiously.'
If the pilot is successful, the charity will look at how the website can be integrated with existing services. However, Barnes said: 'The key thing is that it will complement and support existing services as best it can rather than cannibalise or detract.'
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Personal Injury Case Results
Workers Comp FAQ’s
6-year-old girl struck by semi in front of Macon school
On behalf of Harper, Evans, Wade & Netemeyer | Dec 14, 2016 | Pedestrian Accidents
A 6-year-old girl was struck by a semi Monday evening at 5:19 p.m. local time right in front of Macon Middle School on US 63, at the intersection of Missouri and Elm Streets, authorities say. The pedestrian accident happened as the school’s Santa’s Workshop program was concluding on the school’s campus. The victim’s older sister had just successfully crossed the street in advance of her younger sister when the accident occurred. Two other sisters were standing nearby and watched as the victim attempted to make it from one side of the street to the other.
Although the crosswalk signal was illuminated allowing the young girl right of passage, the trucker did not heed such warning and make any attempt to stop. The young girl’s body was projected into the area of an adjoining car wash on impact. The victim and her sister were headed to their great uncle’s house behind the car wash at the time of the incident. Upon seeing the incident occur, the sisters who witnessed the crash got out of their car, called authorities and ran to assist the girl until emergency medical responders arrived.
A nearby woman tried to keep the young victim as calm and comfortable as possible while awaiting help. As of Monday night, Dec. 12, authorities were on the lookout for the suspected semi involved in the collision and it is not yet known whether they have communicated with this person of interest. If found, the driver is facing potential hit-and-run charges.
As of Tuesday, Dec. 13, a family spokesperson reported to KOMU.com that the young victim, who had been lifeflighted from the scene of the accident, had sustained serious injuries and is in stable, but critical condition with a reported bleed in the brain, bruised lung, and many lacerations. Family members and police are hoping any witnesses will come forward to help with their investigation of the case.
Although the chief of police in charge of this investigation says no incidents have previously occurred of this type during his 15 years administering his department, pedestrian accidents are not all that uncommon. Negligent drivers can be held not only criminally, but also civilly responsible for their indiscretions. If you’ve been involved in a pedestrian accident or know someone who has, contact a Missouri personal injury attorney to discuss the specifics of your case.
Source: KOMU.com, “Update: Person of interest identified in semi hit-and-run,” Amanda Henderson, Dec. 12, 2016
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Delicious baked goods offered at these five locations
From sweet to savory, satisfy your craving at one of these five bakeries, cafes in and around Las Cruces.
Delicious baked goods offered at these five locations From sweet to savory, satisfy your craving at one of these five bakeries, cafes in and around Las Cruces. Check out this story on lcsun-news.com: https://www.lcsun-news.com/story/entertainment/dining/2018/01/17/homemade-baked-goods-offered-these-five-locations/1036915001/
Sylvia Quintanilla, For Pulse Published 4:15 p.m. MT Jan. 17, 2018 | Updated 3:19 p.m. MT Aug. 2, 2018
Mini cinnamon rolls (3 for $1) at The Shed, 810 S. Valley Drive.(Photo: Sylvia Quintanilla)
Whether you are looking for something sweet and savory to begin your day, or you want to be the office hero and bring in a pick-me-up during the week, there are plenty of places in Las Cruces offering a wide range of baked goods to suit any occasion.
Here are five bakeries and cafes sure to satisfy your craving.
Indulgence Bakery and Café
Where: 2265 S. Main St.
When: 7 a.m. - 4 p.m. Tuesday - Friday, 8 a.m. - 4 p.m. Saturday and 8 a.m. - 3 p.m. Sunday
Cost: Cream puffs, 50 cents each or $6 for a dozen; pies $14-18, brownies, $20 for a tray, lemon bars, $25 for tray. Cheesecake by the slice is $3.50 and almond bars are $4.
Offerings: In the back of Indulgence Bakery and Café stands a display filled with several baked items. And with everything from Lemon Bars to more than 10 different cheesecakes — like Turtle, Lemon Mousse and New York Cheesecake with Strawberries — you'll have plenty of colorful and delectable items to choose from.
A simple, yet hard to resist item on the menu are the cream puffs (50 cents each or $6 for a dozen). Some of the flavors often available include vanilla, raspberry and vanilla dipped in chocolate. These pop-able delights have a soft outside and a rich vanilla filling inside. The chocolate adds richness to the cream puff, but allows the filling to be the main taste. As for the raspberry, the filling is creamy and tart. Sprinkled with powdered sugar, it adds just a small taste of sweetness to the pastry.
Info: 575-523-1572, indulgencebakerycafe.com
Cream puffs (50 cents each or $6 for a dozen) at Indulgence Bakery and Café. (Photo: Sylvia Quintanilla)
The Bean Café of Mesilla
Where: 2011 Avenida de Mesilla
When: 7 a.m. - 1 p.m. daily
Cost: Turnover, muffin, cinnamon roll, scone, croissant, all $2.15; cookie, $1.25; bagel, $2.50; sweet bread loaf and whole-wheat loaf, $7.
Offerings: The Bean Café of Mesilla is one of my favorite places to go for breakfast. I enjoy their down-to-earth atmosphere and their handcrafted coffees. Each time I have gone to The Bean, there has been a new pastry for me to try. From muffins to scones, depending on your appetite, there is an item on the menu for you. Recently at The Bean, I tried a Pumpkin Chocolate Chip Scone ($2.15). This scone was full of heartiness from the pumpkin, but had a rich sweetness from the chocolate chips that went well with my latte.
Info: 575-527-5155, thebeanmesilla.com
Valentine's Day sugar cookies at The Shed Old Mesilla Pastry Cafe. (Photo: Sylvia Quintanilla)
The Shed Old Mesilla Pastry Cafe
Where: 810 S. Valley Drive
When: 7:30 a.m. - 2 p.m. Wednesday - Saturday
Cost: Sugar cookies, $1.50; mini cinnamon rolls, 3 for $1, carrot/coconut cake slice, $1.75; brownie with almonds and chocolate chips, $1.75; chocolate/coconut scone, $1.75; cranberry/almond scone, $1.75; loaf of bread, $5.75; loaf of bread with granola, $6.50; mini cherry pie, $2; lemon bar, $1.75.
Offerings: Walking into The Shed, off to the left is a display area for their baked goods. What caught my eye right away were the sugar cookies ($1.50 each). Going with the time of the year, the sugar cookies were Valentine’s Day themed. I also picked up an order of mini cinnamon rolls (3 for $1). The mini rolls were dripping with frosting, which made for a sticky, but sweet treat.
Info: 575-525-2636, ompctheshed.com
Marranito (60 cents) at Lujan Bakery. (Photo: Sylvia Quintanilla)
Lujan Bakery
Where: 442 E. Lohman Ave.
Cost: Empanadas, 70 cents; conchas, 60 cents; cortadillo, 70 cents; conos de cherry, 80 cents; wedding cookies, 25 cents each or $3 for a dozen; biscochos, 25 cents each or $3 for a dozen; turnovers, $1; marranitos, 60 cents; cinnamon rolls, 70 cents.
Offerings: Walking up to the door of Lujan Bakery, my fiance and I could smell the freshly baked apples. Once inside, it was a wonderland of baked items. From churros to empanadas, with fillings from pineapple to pumpkin, it’s a lot to take in. Once, you have taken a minute to asses your surroundings, ask for a tray and pick up your items. My fiancé and I got a marranito, a few biscochos and a cherry empanada. My fiancé remembered getting marranitos when he was a child. What I enjoyed about the marranito is that it had a strong flavor of molasses. As for the empanada, there was a decent amount of cherry filling that made for a rich taste. Between the bakeries we visited, Lujan Bakery provides the largest selection and at the best price.
Info: 575-526-8720
Bosa Donuts and Burritos
Where: 190 Avenida de Mesilla
When: 5 a.m. - 6 p.m. Monday - Saturday, 6 a.m. - 2 p.m. Sunday
Cost: Doughnuts, 70 cents each or $6.92 for a dozen; apple fritters, $1.63; long john, $1.16.
Offerings: More than just doughnuts, Bosa Donuts and Burritos is a one-stop shop for sweet and savory. If you're looking for a classic treat, try Bosa's chocolate doughnut, which is lightly frosted. You can really taste the cake, which is a little dense. My fiancé chose the sugar doughnut, though it had a lot of granulated sugar, it wasn’t overpowering.
Sylvia Quintanilla is a freelance writer and may be reached at sylviaq02@gmail.com.
Read or Share this story: https://www.lcsun-news.com/story/entertainment/dining/2018/01/17/homemade-baked-goods-offered-these-five-locations/1036915001/
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Lebanon County Girls Basketball preview: Which team will emerge as the best this season?
Let the games begin. And when they do Friday night, Lebanon County's girls basketball teams will be looking to make some noise.
Lebanon County Girls Basketball preview: Which team will emerge as the best this season? Let the games begin. And when they do Friday night, Lebanon County's girls basketball teams will be looking to make some noise. Check out this story on ldnews.com: https://www.ldnews.com/story/sports/high-school/basketball-girls/2019/12/05/who-emerge-lebanon-countys-top-girls-basketball-team/4341273002/
Pat Huggins, Lebanon Daily News Published 3:38 p.m. ET Dec. 5, 2019
Palmyra's Zoe Smith drives past Wyoming Valley West's Jessica Shaver in a PIAA Class 5A girls' basketball second-round game on March 13, 2019. (Photo: Travis Boyd, for the Lebanon Daily News)
They certainly did last season, led by Palmyra, which captured the District 3 5A title. Just exactly who will emerge as the county's best this time around remains to be seen, but it should be fun to find out.
Here's a closer look in the form of team-by-team capsule previews:
Annville-Cleona
Coach: Lisa Shucker, 2nd year
Top returning players: F Makenzie Drane, Sr., G Emily Brightbill, Sr., C Alyssa Ulrich, Jr., F Brittany Nye, Jr.
Top Newcomers: G Sarah Speraw, Fr., G Josie Clay, Fr., F Claire Hoover, Fr.
Outlook: A-C has the look of a young, enthusiastic, up-and-coming team. Because of a youth movement that has three freshmen in the mix whatever mistakes A-C happens to make will be made at full speed. They'll just outrun the rest.
"We are faster and stronger than we were last year," Shucker said. "We hope to use that to our advantage to out-run teams and get some easy baskets. We’ve been playing twice as fast as we were last year and it’s shown in practices so far. We also have better court vision this year compared to last year. If we can transfer those two elements into our games, then we are going to surprise a lot of people this year.
"We are very young and in some regards, untested. We are going to need some freshman to step up and play some varsity minutes and that can be intimidating for a younger player. So, we have been working a lot on their confidence and getting them to play at a varsity speed that they will need to do if they earn varsity minutes. We also lost our top two scorers and our top two defenders to graduation last year. So, we need people to fill roles that they may not be naturally comfortable doing. So far, the girls have risen to the occasion in practice. However, game time is always different."
Annville-Cleona head coach Lisa Shucker talks to her team during a timeout in a game against Lebanon Catholic last season. (Photo: Pat Huggins - Lebanon Daily News)
Coach: Jim Donmoyer, 9th year
Top returning players: G Reese Glover, Jr., F Sarah Laney, Jr., G Meghan Sholley, Jr., F Liz Knapp, Sr., G Emily Hocker, Jr., F Sarah Batra, Soph.
Top newcomers: G Kiya Camasta, Fr., G Brooke Shutter, Fr., G Nikki Wise, Fr.
Outlook: The Falcons were cleaned out by graduation, losing six of its top seven players. Only Glover returns with significant varsity experience. That's the bad news. The good news is there a good mix of post players and wings returning, so Crest should be able to play whatever style the situation calls for. In addition, Donmoyer is pleased with what he's seen in the team chemistry department. Should be an interesting season in South Lebanon.
"We have good size inside on the post, and a good group of outside players with some good shooters & ball handlers," Donmoyer said. "Overall a very athletic group of kids who can play at a fast pace . Team chemistry is very good as well."
"I am looking forward to this year and working with this new group of players. I look forward to seeing how these players will grow and improve as the season unfolds . This group has the potential to be good, and it will be interesting to see how the players develop both individually and as a team."
Elco's Amanda Smith drives to the hoop during a playoff win vs. Ephrata last season. (Photo: Travis Boyd)
Coach: Ashli Shay, 10th year
Top returning players: F Amanda Smith, Jr., G Katelyn Rueppel, Jr., G Kailey Eckhart, Soph., F Ashley Yoh, Jr., G Cassie Johnson, Jr. (injured)
Top newcomers: G Emma Fox, Soph., G Olivia Balsbaugh, Sr. F Rebecca Sargent, Sr., G Cate Liskey, Jr., G Claudia Huey, Jr.
Outlook: The Raiders lost their heart and soul with the graduation of Ryelle Shuey, Julia Nelson and Jordan Rosengrant, and were dealt another blow when guard Cassie Johnson went down with a knee injury in preseason. But there's still some talent on hand here, led by the trio of Smith, Rueppel and Eckhart, who will each be counted on heavily to keep Elco in the postseason mix.
"This team is very hard working and competitive in everything we do," Shay said. "We are young and the girls are learning to adjust to new roles. We lost a lot of experience and leadership so it has been fun watching some of the underclassmen evolve and take the lead along with our 2 seniors. Our goal is to improve every day and be competitive in every game which will happen as we make defense and rebounding a priority. We are not the biggest team but we have great chemistry off the court and it will only continue to improve on the court the more we play together and gain confidence. "
Coach: Jaime Walborn, 4th season
Top returning players: G Giahny Correa, 5-7, Jr., G Madison Bishop, 5-4, Soph.,G Olivia Uffner, 5-4, Soph., G Olivia Sforza, 5-7, Sr., G Avryl Torres, 5-3, Jr. F Dorthie Zechman, 5-8, Soph., F Sophia Blouch, 5-7, Jr. G Allie Parr, 5-7, Sr.
Top newcomers: F Madison Gates, Sr., G Aaliyah Ferrer, 5-4, Fr.
Outlook: It's been tough sledding for the Cedars in recent years, but the hard times may be fading away thanks to a talented, athletic group of cards, who like to push the pace and bother teams with their quickness. The flip side to that is there's not much size, so Lebanon will have to consistently out quick its opponents if it is to visit the win column more frequently.
"Our goals this season are just to compete in every game and finish at the top of our section," Walborn said. "Our strengths include our speed and guard play. We also have several people returning that have played significant varsity minutes and have experience. Our weaknesses include our size. Our tallest player is listed as 5’8. We will need to use our speed to our advantage and look to transition quickly on the offensive end and pressure on the defensive end. The expectation for this season is to compete in every game and come out with more wins."
Player to watch: Giahny Correa. For the Cedars to become more relevant in Section 2, Correa needs to make a nightly impact with her speed and perimeter shooting. She's done a good job of that her first two seasons, including last season when she averaged 12.0 points per game and nailed 16 3-pointers. As long as she continues to progress she'll be fine, as will the Cedars.
Lebanon Catholic head coach Patti Hower is back for her 42nd season on Assumption Hill and closing in on 750 career victories (Photo: File Photo)
Lebanon Catholic
Coach: Patti Hower, 42nd season
Top returning players: G Sami Hatzfeld, 5-4, Sr., F Avery Hupp, 5-10, Jr., G Maria Pastal, 5-7, Jr., G Alyssa Loser, 5-6, Jr., G Katie Davis, 5-6, Jr.
Top newcomers: G Caitlyn Patton, 5-7, Soph., G Grace Kline, 5-5, Soph., F Cala Martino, 5-8, Soph.
Outlook: The good news is the Beavers bring back a good amount of experience from a group that struggled mightily at times last season and they should be better for it. The bad news is they've only got 11 players out for the team, so depth will be an issue, particularly if injuries and illness mount.
"Players have been working hard and we hope to show improvement from last season," Hower said."With only 11 players in the program we need to stay away from injuries and illness."
Player to watch: Avery Hupp. At 5-10, Hupp possesses both inside and outside skills, which she used to lead Catholic in scoring last season. Certainly the Beavers will need strong contributions from everyone to get where they want to go, but Hupp figures to be the key to it all.
(Team information not immediately available.)
Northern Lebanon
Coach: Ken Battistelli, 13th season
Top returning players: G Zara Zerman, 5-9, Jr., G Lindsay McFeaters, 5-4, Sr., G Ashlyn Messinger, 5-7, Soph., G Tabitha Hubbard, 5-5, Sr., G Emily Hauck, 5-3, Jr., F Rachel Papson, 5-6, Jr.
Top newcomers: None
Outlook: The Vikings return a big-time player in four-year starter Zara Zerman, who averaged over 18 points a game last season and is headed to Division II Kutztown. The key will be getting Zerman some consistent help, particularly early while promising sophomore Messinger recovers from a knee injury. But as always, it's a scrappy group and one that should be in the hunt for a postseason berth.
"I'm expecting some speed," Battistelli said. "We're pretty small, but we're pretty quick. We're looking for some scoring help, some kids are going to have to step up and score more than they have in the past. And we're going to have to be as physical as our little bodies will let us."
The Vikings will also be looking to make Zerman's job easier by having her play off the ball more and not be the focus of defensive attention on every single possession. If that happens, NL should be more efficient offensively, something that bodes well for its ability to compete with the likes of Lancaster Catholic, Donegal and Elco in Section 4.
Player to watch: Zara Zerman. Who else? Zerman's the real deal and has been for much of her career. The Vikings will go as she goes and, well, she'll be tough to stop as usual. Especially if she gets the offensive help Battistelli is hoping for.
Coach: Mary Manlove, 4th season
Top returning players: G Katelyn Becker, 5-8, Jr., G Zoe Smith, 5-9, Soph., F Jess St. Clair, 5-10, Sr.
Top newcomers: F Dyllan Shuey, 5-10, Sr., F Maddie Henry, 5-10, Fr. G/F Alyssa Marrero, 5-8, Jr.
Outlook: The Cougars lost two indispensable cogs in its run to the 5A district title, point guard Amelia Baldo and forward Olivia Richardson, to graduation but return starters Becker, Smith and St. Clair and welcome some promising newcomers, including Henry, a 5-10 freshman. It's asking a lot for Palmyra to duplicate last season's success, but don't expect them to fall off the map, either.
"We'd like to continue to build on the momentum we gathered last season." Manlove said. "We have many new faces to the program, and graduated players who had years of experience. Our goal is to strive to improve each day and enjoy the fun, process and journey along the way."
Player to watch: Zoe Smith. Made a strong contribution to the district title run last season as a freshman and appears to have the skills and versatility to thrive in an expanded role, which the Cougars will need her to do."
Annville-Cleona upends Palmyra in non-league battle
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Florian Pumhösl: Three Animated Films
28 September – 2 November 2012
Animated Map, 2005,
One channel film projection, 16 mm film, colour, silent
4 min 20 sec loop
EI335721443JP (Yuzen Hiinagata, 1688) 2009,
One channel film projection, 16 mm film, b/w, silent
15 min/191 m loop
Tract, 2011,
9 min loop
Relief (Various Notations)2012,
Wall vitrine. MDF covered with black bookbinders cloth, printed material, perspex cover
For his first solo exhibition in Italy, Florian Pumhösl brings together three abstract films, produced between 2005 and 2011. The 16mm silent films are representative of Pumhösl’s engagement with concepts of figuration in pre-modern as well as modern representation, and the way these reflect the definition of a modern public sphere.
Animated Map (2005), reconstructs each individual piece of a cutting pattern for a WW1 military uniform in chronological sequence. The title of the film bears direct reference to animated cartographic imagery, frequently used during WW1 to render battles cinematographically. The act of automatic tracing therefore connects the creation of abstract pictorial language at the beginning of the 20th Century with the systematisation of the industrial and military sector. The absent figure of the soldier itself becomes an autonomous cartography, locating the logic of industrial production close to that of the cinematographic apparatus.
EI335721443JP (2009) is the reference number for Yuzen Hiinagata (1688), a 17th Century book in four volumes on kimono patterns, held at the Tenri Central Library in Japan. The patterns contained in the book illustrations are represented as simplified line drawings, the original forms fragmented and reconstituted in new sequences to reflect specific typologies.
The third film in the sequence, Tract (2011), engages with early forms of dance notations and their relationship to figure, movement and space. The coloured background projects an abstract area for action or movement on the otherwise empty gallery wall, while elementary symbols and animated lines define the figure and its movement trajectory, which in early Baroque dance notation were called ‘tracts’.
Pumhösl configures the exhibition as a projection space, where the films are accompanied by new wall based works. Systems of graphic notations are reproduced in a vitrine, containing early cutting patterns and original dance notations by Zorn and Laban. By bringing historical elements into the fabric of his own work, Pumhösl creates a system of references within the exhibition display itself, reflecting on the language of abstraction both as a visual manifestation and as the informing principle of social organisation at the outset of modernity, which appears in the different subjects the films are based on.
Via Zenale, 3
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California Supreme Court Stops Hearing Against David Daleiden Over “Political Bias and Selective Prosecution”
Micaiah Bilger Apr 22, 2019 | 12:39PM Sacramento, CA
Undercover journalist David Daleiden received some good news Friday when the California Supreme Court suspended his preliminary hearing until further notice.
Daleiden’s attorneys with the Thomas More Society told LifeNews that the court based its decision on “political bias and selective prosecution.”
California Supreme Court Chief Justice Tani Cantil-Sakauye released the decision Friday, his attorneys said. Daleiden’s preliminary hearing was slated to begin Monday and continue for approximately two weeks. Now, it is not clear if it will happen at all.
Daleiden is the founder of the Center for Medical Progress, which exposed Planned Parenthood for allegedly illegally selling aborted baby body parts. He and fellow investigator Sandra Merritt face 15 felony charges for non-consensual eavesdropping and conspiracy.
California Superior Court Judge Christopher Hite is the judge in the case. The now-delayed hearing was to decide if California Attorney General Xavier Becerra could present enough evidence to require Daleiden and Merritt to defend themselves against the charges at a jury trial.
According to their attorneys, the hearing would have been “the first time that the anonymous abortion industry witnesses who complained that they were illegally videotaped [would] present sworn testimony in court.” It also would have been the first time that “excerpts of the videos — capturing alleged involvement in illegal fetal tissue sales as well as the commission of violent felony crimes against human beings — [would] be shown in open court.”
The case is The People of the State of California v. David Robert Daleiden and Sandra Susan Merritt.
Throughout the process, their attorneys have said the charges are bogus and politically-motivated.
“We are confident David Daleiden’s First Amendment rights will be upheld ultimately,” said Tom Brejcha, president and chief counsel at the Thomas More Society, in 2018. “When the smoke finally clears, we believe David Daleiden will be completely vindicated for exposing the truth about the abortion industry.”
In February, prosecuting state attorneys asked that video evidence be sealed from the public for the trial. They did so at the request of Planned Parenthood and the National Abortion Federation, according to the Liberty Counsel.
However, Judge Hite refused the request.
“The Attorney General [Xavier Becerra] has failed to rebut the strong presumption in favor of open public trials in this instance,” Hite wrote in his decision.
Earlier, LifeNews reported that Hite did seal the names of 14 abortion workers after prosecutors claimed their safety could be jeopardized. KVPR News reports Hite agreed and threatened to punish anyone who releases the names.
Horatio Mihet, a Liberty Council attorney for Sandra Merritt, contended that safety is not prosecutors’ real concern, Courthouse News reported earlier this year.
“The only reason the attorney general wants to have these videos sealed and kept from the public eye is because the videos themselves provide damning evidence that these allegedly confidential conversations were not in fact confidential,” he said. “The videos themselves put the lie to the attorney general’s case and reveal it for the fraud that it is.”
LifeNews depends on the support of readers like you to combat the pro-abortion media. Please donate now.
Pro-life advocates said the workers’ names are public and have been for years.
Hite also delayed the preliminary hearing after Planned Parenthood filed a last-minute motion to intervene in the case. According to CNS, the abortion chain wants to block the defense from cross-examining four of the 14 people whose names have been redacted, claiming they are “victims” under the state Marsy’s Law.
The report noted that Hite seemed skeptical of the abortion chain’s reasoning, but he did not rule on the matter yet.
Daleiden and Merritt have been defending themselves in court for years after they exposed gruesome baby body parts harvesting practices at Planned Parenthood. Many of the charges against them have been dropped, but the California case (originally started by pro-abortion presidential candidate Kamala Harris) continues.
The Center for Medical Progress investigation exposed numerous atrocities inside Planned Parenthood abortion facilities across the U.S. Its findings prompted investigations by the U.S. House and Senate, as well as a number of states.
The committees concluded by recommending that the Department of Justice investigate Planned Parenthood. Both said they found strong evidence that the abortion chain broke the law. The Department of Justice is investigating.
Planned Parenthood repeatedly has denied all allegations of wrong-doing, and many news outlets now parrot its talking points that the undercover videos were deceptively edited or debunked, even though that is not true. An independent forensics investigation verified that the videos were authentic.
Some undercover videos show how Planned Parenthood employees callously and flippantly negotiated the price of tiny baby hearts, lungs, livers and brains. Other evidence indicates the abortion giant may have broken HIPAA patient privacy laws.
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Trump: US locked and loaded for response to attack on Saudis
by: JON GAMBRELL and ZEKE MILLER, Associated Press
This Saturday, Sept. 14, 2019, satellite image from Planet Labs Inc. shows thick black smoke rising from Saudi Aramco’s Abqaiq oil processing facility in Buqyaq, Saudi Arabia. Yemen’s Houthi rebels launched drone attacks on the world’s largest oil processing facility in Saudi Arabia and a major oil field Saturday, sparking huge fires and halting about half of the supplies from the world’s largest exporter of oil. (Planet Labs Inc via AP)
DUBAI, United Arab Emirates (AP) — A weekend drone attack on Saudi Arabia that cut into global energy supplies and halved the kingdom’s oil production threatened Sunday to fuel a regional crisis, as the U.S. released new evidence to back up its allegation that Iran was responsible for the assault amid heightened tensions over Tehran’s collapsing nuclear deal.
President Donald Trump said the U.S. had reason to believe it knew who was behind the attack — his secretary of state had blamed Iran the previous day — and assured his Twitter followers that “we are … locked and loaded” depending on verification and were waiting to hear from the Saudis as to who they believe was behind the attack and “under what terms we would proceed!”
The tweets followed a National Security Council meeting at the White House that included Vice President Mike Pence, Secretary of State Mike Pompeo and Defense Secretary Mark Esper.
A U.S. official said all options, including a military response, were on the table, but said no decisions had been made Sunday. The official spoke on the condition of anonymity to discuss the internal deliberations.
Hours earlier, senior U.S. officials said satellite imagery and other intelligenceshowed the strike was inconsistent with one launched from Yemen, where Iranian-backed Houthi rebels had claimed responsibility.
Iran, meanwhile, called the U.S. claims “maximum lies,” while a commander in its paramilitary Revolutionary Guard reiterated its forces could strike U.S. military bases across the Mideast with their arsenal of ballistic missiles.
The U.S. government produced satellite photos showing what officials said were at least 19 points of impact at two Saudi energy facilities, including damage at the heart of the kingdom’s crucial oil processing plant at Abqaiq. Officials said the photos show impacts consistent with the attack coming from the direction of Iran or Iraq, rather than from Yemen to the south.
Iraq denied Sunday that its territory was used for an attack on the Kingdom and U.S. officials said a strike from there would be a violation of Iraq’s sovereignty.
The U.S. officials said additional devices, which apparently didn’t reach their targets, were recovered northwest of the facilities and are being jointly analyzed by Saudi and American intelligence. The officials, who spoke on condition of anonymity to discuss intelligence matters, did not address whether the drone could have been fired from Yemen, then taken a round-about path, but did not explicitly rule it out.
The attacks and recriminations are increasing already heightened fears of an escalation in the region, after a prominent U.S. senator suggested striking Iranian oil refineries in response to the assault, and Iran warned of the potential of more violence.
“Because of the tension and sensitive situation, our region is like a powder keg,” said Iranian Brig. Gen. Amir Ali Hajizadeh. “When these contacts come too close, when forces come into contact with one another, it is possible a conflict happens because of a misunderstanding.”
Actions on any side could break into the open a twilight war that’s been raging just below the surface of the wider Persian Gulf in recent months. Already, there have been mysterious attacks on oil tankers that America blames on Tehran, at least one suspected Israeli strike on Shiite forces in Iraq, and Iran shooting down a U.S. military surveillance drone.
The attack Saturday on Saudi Arabia’s Abqaiq plant and its Khurais oil field led to the interruption of an estimated 5.7 million barrels of the kingdom’s crude oil production per day, equivalent to more than 5% of the world’s daily supply. It remained unclear how King Salman and his assertive son, Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, will respond to an attack targeting the heart of the Saudi oil industry.
Crude oil futures shot up 9.5% to $60 as trading opened Sunday evening in New York, a dramatic increase. A spike in oil prices could have negative effects for the global economy.
Saudi Arabia has promised to fill in the cut in production with its reserves, but has not said how long it will take to repair the damage. The Wall Street Journal cited Saudi officials as saying a third of output would be restored on Monday, but a return to full production may take weeks.
Trump said he had approved the release of U.S. strategic petroleum reserves “if needed” to stabilize energy markets. The president said the final amount of the release, if any, would be “sufficient to keep the markets well-supplied.”
Images from the European Commission’s Sentinel-2 satellite examined by the AP showed black char marks at the heart of the Abqaiq plant on Sunday, marks not seen over the prior month. Identical marks are visible on the U.S. imagery. The Washington-based Center for Strategic and International Studies in August identified the area with the char marks as the plant’s stabilization area. The center said the area includes “storage tanks and processing and compressor trains — which greatly increases the likelihood of a strike successfully disrupting or destroying its operations.”
The state-run oil giant Saudi Aramco, which the kingdom hopes to offer a sliver of in a public stock offering, did not respond to a request for comment.
Pompeo directly blamed Iran for the Saudi attack on Twitter late Saturday, and officials worked to provide evidence for his claim the following day.
“Amid all the calls for de-escalation, Iran has now launched an unprecedented attack on the world’s energy supply,” Pompeo wrote. “There is no evidence the attacks came from Yemen.”
The U.S., Western nations, their Gulf Arab allies and U.N. experts say Iran supplies the Houthis with weapons and drones — a charge that Tehran denies.
U.S. officials previously alleged at least one recent drone attack on Saudi Arabia came from Iraq, where Iran backs Shiite militias. Those militias in recent weeks have been targeted themselves by mysterious airstrikes, with at least one believed to have been carried out by Israel.
Iranian Foreign Ministry spokesman Abbas Mousavi on Sunday dismissed Pompeo’s remarks as “blind and futile comments.”
“The Americans adopted the ‘maximum pressure’ policy against Iran, which, due to its failure, is leaning toward ‘maximum lies,'” Mousavi said in a statement.
Separately, Iraqi Prime Minister Adel Abdul-Mahdi’s office issued a statement on Sunday denying the drone attack came from there. Oil-rich Kuwait also said it would increase security around the country’s “vital sites” over the attacks.
Houthi leader Muhammad al-Bukhaiti reiterated his group’s claim of responsibility, telling The Associated Press on Sunday it exploited “vulnerabilities” in Saudi air defenses to strike the targets. He did not elaborate.
Iran, meanwhile, kept up its own threats.
Hajizadeh, the brigadier general who leads the country’s aerospace program, said in an interview published across Iranian media Sunday that Revolutionary Guard forces were ready for a counterattack if America responded, naming the Al-Udeid Air Base in Qatar and Al-Dhafra Air Base near Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates as immediate targets, as well as U.S. Navy ships in the Persian Gulf and the Arabian Sea.
“Wherever they are, it only takes one spark and we hit their vessels, their air bases, their troops,” he said in a video published online with English subtitles.
It wasn’t just Iran making threats. U.S. Sen. Lindsey Graham, a South Carolina Republican close to Trump, suggested retaliatory strikes targeting Iran.”Iran will not stop their misbehavior until the consequences become more real, like attacking their refineries, which will break the regime’s back,” Graham wrote on Twitter.
With the U.N. General Assembly taking place in a little over a week, there had been speculation of a potential meeting between Trump and Iranian President Hassan Rouhani on the summit’s sidelines, possibly in exchange for the lifting of some economic sanctions the American leader imposed on Tehran after unilaterally withdrawing from the nuclear accord over a year ago.
But Trump seemed to reject that idea Sunday night, tweeting: “The Fake News is saying that I am willing to meet with Iran, ‘No Conditions.’ That is an incorrect statement (as usual!).” In fact, Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin told reporters last week that “the president has said that he is prepared to meet with no conditions.”
If Iran had a hand in Saturday’s attack, it could be to bolster their position ahead of any talks, analysts say.
“The main point for Iran, in my opinion, is not necessarily to derail a meeting between Trump and Rouhani but to increase its leverage ahead of it,” said Michael Horowitz, the head of intelligence at the Bahrain-based risk management firm Le Beck International. “By carrying out such a major attack, Iran wants to send the message that the only way to decrease tensions is to comply with its demands regarding sanctions relief.”
However, he warned there could be a danger of Iran “overplaying” its hand.
“There will be no political benefit for Trump in a meeting with Rouhani if this meeting sends the message that the U.S. simply surrendered to Iranian demands,” he said.
Miller reported from Washington. Associated Press writers Amir Vahdat in Tehran, Iran; Aya Batrawy in Dubai, United Arab Emirates; Bassem Mroue in Beirut and Samy Magdy in Cairo contributed to this report.
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Speakers sound off to Rockland Legislature: 'You want to fix the anger? Do your jobs!'
Speakers let loose about unsustainable growth, anti-Semitism, anti-Laurie Santulli flyers, more.
Speakers sound off to Rockland Legislature: 'You want to fix the anger? Do your jobs!' Speakers let loose about unsustainable growth, anti-Semitism, anti-Laurie Santulli flyers, more. Check out this story on lohud.com: https://www.lohud.com/story/news/local/rockland/2019/09/04/rockland-legislature-meeting-housing-anti-semitism-wieder-santulli/2198124001/
Rochel Leah Goldblatt, Rockland/Westchester Journal News Published 5:52 a.m. ET Sept. 4, 2019 | Updated 8:19 a.m. ET Sept. 4, 2019
NEW CITY — Tuesday night's county Legislature meeting turned into a venting session for distressed community members, with speakers letting loose about legislators Aron Wieder and Laurie Santulli, unsustainable growth, anti-Semitism, a proposed summit to address divisiveness in Rockland and more.
"You want to fix the anger?" speaker Lauren Marie told the legislators. "Do your jobs!" She was later removed from the room for shouting at another speaker while many spectators rose and cheered for her.
The atmosphere was intense from early evening, with hundreds waiting on line outside to get into the 7 p.m. meeting. The Legislature's auditorium quickly reached its capacity of 220 people, though, and officials estimated that another couple hundred people remained outside, behind locked doors. Sheriff's deputies were all around, one with a police dog.
An overflow crowd attended a meeting of the Rockland County Legislature in New City Sept. 3, 2019. (Photo: Peter Carr/The Journal News)
The Legislature, with 13 members present, opened the meeting by moving directly to public comment. The audience included several Orthodox and Hasidic men and women, but the overwhelmingly majority appeared to be non-Orthodox.
Many speakers began their remarks by noting that they were not anti-Semitic or that their concerns were not about religion. Speakers who warned against over-development and called for fair treatment for all received applause. Several speakers who tried to defend Wieder or the Orthodox community were interrupted or booed.
People gather outside before they were let in for a meeting of the Rockland County Legislature in New City Sept. 3, 2019. (Photo: Peter Carr/The Journal News)
The Legislature wound up not officially discussing its two agenda items, which were moved to committee. One called for praising those who condemned a controversial video shared by the Rockland County GOP last week, which many condemned as anti-Semitic, and the second called for a community summit in 2020 to address the county's tensions.
Several speakers did comment about the lack of a resolution requested by Santulli to censure Wieder. Santulli wanted Wieder censured for calling a Clarkstown blogger "the anti-Semite of Rockland County" after an Aug. 23 press conference and for comments Wieder made about state Assemblywoman Ellen Jaffee at an Aug. 15 Ramapo Town Board hearing related to development.
Peter Bradley, a Clarkstown councilman who often clashes with Wieder and was criticized last year for describing non-Orthodox Jews as "normal Jews," said no one was concerned with religion, but rather the issues caused by certain groups in Rockland. He said no one in the room had any part in creating the GOP's video and that residents were not there to discuss the video.
Yehuda Zorger referred to a comment made by Santulli on Facebook calling the Hasidic way of life perverted and asked her: "You call my way of life a perverted way of Judaism?" Santulli responded later that her post was part of a larger thread addressing unsustainable growth.
Legislator Itamar Yeger speaks during a meeting of the Rockland County Legislature in New City Sept. 3, 2019. (Photo: Peter Carr/The Journal News)
Many in the room addressed flyers that were sent to Santulli's supporters Thursday night that were meant to disparage her. Several called for Wieder to be condemned by the Legislature for saying the flyers were free speech. Clarkstown police are investigating the matter.
Cathy Walters, speaking about those who could not get inside the meeting, told the legislators they failed to provide a large enough forum for their constituents.
"This is the meeting that counts," she said.
The room remained packed until the Legislature took a break at 9:15 p.m., over two hours after the meeting opened with public comments. Only a few people remained when legislators returned for reports from standing committees.
Twitter: @ReporterRox
Big crowd at Rockland County Legislature meeting
People gather outside before they were let in for a meeting of the Rockland County Legislature in New City Sept. 3, 2019. Peter Carr/The Journal News
Susan Montemorano holds a sign before a meeting of the Rockland County Legislature in New City Sept. 3, 2019. Peter Carr/The Journal News
Morris Rosenberg walks up to speak during a meeting of the Rockland County Legislature in New City Sept. 3, 2019. Peter Carr/The Journal News
An overflow crowd attended a meeting of the Rockland County Legislature in New City Sept. 3, 2019. Peter Carr/The Journal News
Legislator Legislator Aron Wieder speaks during a meeting of the Rockland County Legislature in New City Sept. 3, 2019. Peter Carr/The Journal News
Legislator Laurie Santulli speaks during a meeting of the Rockland County Legislature in New City Sept. 3, 2019. Peter Carr/The Journal News
People sign in to make public comments before the Rockland County Legislature in New City Sept. 3, 2019. Peter Carr/The Journal News
Legislator Itamar Yeger speaks during a meeting of the Rockland County Legislature in New City Sept. 3, 2019. Peter Carr/The Journal News
Michael Parietti speaks during a meeting of the Rockland County Legislature in New City Sept. 3, 2019. Peter Carr/The Journal News
Read or Share this story: https://www.lohud.com/story/news/local/rockland/2019/09/04/rockland-legislature-meeting-housing-anti-semitism-wieder-santulli/2198124001/
Harrison DPW commissioner's job in limbo
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Book Categories (C)
See below for a selection of the latest books from Cycling category. Presented with a red border are the Cycling books that have been lovingly read and reviewed by the experts at Lovereading. With expert reading recommendations made by people with a passion for books and some unique features Lovereading will help you find great Cycling books and those from many more genres to read that will keep you inspired and entertained. And it's all free!
Biking to Blissville A Cycling Guide to the Maritimes and the Magdalen Islands
Author: Kent Thompson Format: Paperback / softback Release Date: 01/01/1993
Over highways and byways and converted railway roadbeds, Biking to Blissville gives maps and precise directions for about forty bicycle rides through the most scenic areas of Maritime Canada. Most of the trips are loops. Each leads from a country inn, motel, or campground through uncrowded countryside, and author Kent Thompson has tested them all for fun, safety, and degree of difficulty. Thompson also suggests accomodations that fit cyclists tastes and purses, and the vagaries of the weather, from rustic campgrounds to opulent country inns, from old-time sporting camps to cozy bed-and-breakfasts.
Effective Cycling
Author: John Forester Format: Paperback / softback Release Date: 29/12/1992
The core of John Forester's concept of Effective Cycling is that bicyclists fare best when they act, and are treated in return, as drivers of vehicles, with the same rights and responsibilities that motorists have. In this new edition of his classic introductory work, Forester reasserts this idea in terms of practice and education as well as theory while also addressing-among much else-the two major forces that have shaped bicycling since the early 1980s: the proliferation of high-quality equipment and the seriously insufficient progress on the social, political, and psychological fronts. The book is filled with details, strategies, and tips that will be useful both to occasional cyclists and to those who enjoy cycling as a way of life-all drawn from the author's many years of experience as a cyclist, a Cycling Transportation Engineer, and the founder of the Effective Cycling Program.
Mountain Biking The Complete Guide
Author: Bob Woodward Format: Paperback / softback Release Date: 01/05/1991
All across America, people are discovering the pleasures and benfits of mountain biking. Now, in this lively, practical guide, an acclaimed mountain biking authority shows you how to get the most from you fat-tire machine. Read this book and learn: Eight keys to choosing a mountain bike that fits your frame What to look for in clothing, shoes, helmets, gloves the secrets to pedeling, shifting and riding the flats Uphills 12 Things you should know before attempting any downhills Dealing with terrain changes
Mountain Bike Repair Handbook
Author: Dennis Coello Format: Paperback / softback Release Date: 01/06/1990
An updated and comprehensive guide to repairing off-road bikes.
Format: eBook Release Date: 01/01/1970
Bradley Wiggins is a very British sporting hero: unassuming, private, given to a sardonic sense of humour and a strong appreciation for those that have supported him throughout - his family and fans. He is also a fiercely determined competitor, a supremely passionate athlete and an eloquent ambassador for his beloved sport. Not to mention a phenomenal cyclist.Wiggo first shot to attention as a 20-year-old, taking a bronze medal in the Sydney 2000 Olympic Games. Six Olympic medals later, and after one of cycling's most tumultuous periods as it battled the dope cheats - Wiggins himself suffered in this war as his team withdrew from the 2007 Tour de France after one of his teammates was caught - Bradley Wiggins and Team Sky assembled in Liege, Belgium for the start of the 2012 Tour.Those 12 years and the weeks that followed - from the Tour de France to the incredible gold medal at the London 2012 Olympics - are retold in this Guardian Short, a unique collection of world-class sports writing featuring the likes of William Fotheringham, Donald McRae - and Bradley Wiggins himself.
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Interlude 2, Page 5
:\
Chapter 3 begins on Monday (which is, incidentally, our 1-year anniversary, woo)
January 1, 2016 at 10:31 pm | ∞ | Reply
Something tells me she hadn’t considered it like a joke. Either way, awkwarrrrrd.
(Out of curiosity, is he wearing a hoodie with contrast-color sleeves, or is it a hooded vest over a long-sleeved top? I’m guessing the former based on how the armholes/seams on the torso are drawn, but I just wanted to ask, because a couple of pages made me squint.)
shingworks
Yeah, vest over a top! Sorry about the contrast issue, I suspected I was skewing too hard to dark, like usual XD Another thing on my tweak list.
Ethatre
This talk of parasites makes me miss thigh-friend.
Same! Once you go flap, you can’t go back
Cthulhufish
January 2, 2016 at 11:48 am | ∞ | Reply
Thigh-Friend was less judgmental and more willing to just be there.
But on the other hand, Thigh-Friend needs to remember to look after its own emotional well-being first.
rimmeh
January 2, 2016 at 4:33 pm | ∞ | Reply
Best Comment of 2016 (so far)
November 5, 2018 at 7:55 am | ∞ | Reply
“…you would see, the biggest gift would be from me, and the card attached would say ‘Thank You for being a friend’!”
Holy crap I’m dating myself here.
krad
You are just too dang good at setting the mood, aaagh. Seeing no door/the hinges hit it home for me.
Really feeling for both of them here. :(
This is the kind of self-hatred that feeds into itself so much more heinously than most people realize. What you need is unwavering love and understanding, but you just can’t help driving other people away…
Fridge_Logik
January 2, 2016 at 2:35 am | ∞ | Reply
Very few people are qualified to deal with someone so intensely angry at themselves and the world. And almost all of them are doctors of psychology.
It is very difficult to interact with someone who responds in such a way. That doesn’t mean said people aren’t in pain or don’t need help and support, but it also is true that it takes a lot of energy from loved ones to provide said support.
All in all, mental illness is hard.
What’s amazing is how most people trying to help can so easily aggravate a festering situation by saying the wrong thing or saying what everyone else says. Or they can screw up by agreeing with the suffering person on the wrong points reinforcing bad beliefs in an attempt to build trust.
Indeed mental illness is hard.
January 11, 2016 at 8:09 pm | ∞
This is why we have people who make a profession out of talking with and listening to the mentally ill. Communication is hard enough when all parties are generally rational.
It takes behavior that does not come naturally to provide the most supportive and healthy response to someone who is not thinking clearly. It is really difficult to be unassuming and healthily detached when someone says terrible things about himself and/or others. Especially if the struggling individual is a loved one and/or they have a tendency to rope people in to debates.
But we can all learn from each other.
Intile
The dialog and character writing here is just phenomenal. I love all the mars exploration and sci-fi bits, but the writing is what’s had me hooked.
Holy shit Mike’s Spartan room! :(
I’m so used to gushing over how you set interior rooms, the blank space is unnerving in contrast!
I’m so surprised by how closely people are looking at the background things… but yeah, it is really spare, he actually likes it that way because everything is very tidy and in it’s right place or whatever, no surprises.
I see a lack of distractions as well. Can’t start feeling sad if you don’t get distracted from whatever you’re working on to keep yourself from feeling sad.
Which makes him feel like he’s in control, right? Which, I assume, is a way to cope with having been a victim of abuse?
Victim of abuse, but probably also ties into his mental illness. When you can’t even control your own brain, having a measure of external control over your surroundings can help ground you.
well. i wasn’t expecting this set of pages to hit me this hard. :p there are actual tears in my eyes. (which is a good thing, making readers cry is an indicator of success)
i’ve been the “toby” friend in a sorta similar situation. it was heartbreaking for me to see this beautiful person, absolutely gorgeous, so smart, talented, and capable, continually talk herself down. i wished she could see what i saw, and love herself as much as i loved her.
anyway this scene is very well done and well-written, this comic is quickly becoming my favorite, A+
caribouchat
It was really great to have this interlude all at once! Thanks for all your work.
page 35 of the comic appears to be blank, was it a follow up image of the tyranno-man storyline or was it the cover page for part 2?
There was a fade-to-black page at the end of chapter 1 as well.
Andrewr
Oh man, I’ve been there, denying your friendships are genuine, and claiming that people are just taking pity on you. It just makes you feel worse, nothing positive comes of it.
And now I want to delete a bunch of angsty facebook posts from high school.
First thing that stood out to me was the lack of door. To me it’s hinting that maybe Mike’s doing stuff that obviously someone (probably a therapist) recommended that his mom remove the door to his room.
I want to think that he might be self harming or doing bad stuff that there’s obviously a lack of trust between Mike and his mother.
The hoodie thing is probably him trying not to be noticed. This is a guy who was molested by his uncle and probably has a hard time trusting people after such a gross violation of trust from a family member. He doesn’t want to be noticed, he wants to be ignored but at the same time the isolation and loneliness he’s experiencing from his own actions is slowly killing him emotionally.
At least that’s how I see it.
How old is Mike supposed to be in this flashback?
She mentioned junior class, if that’s using US conventions, then he’d be 16-17 here. Maybe 15, taking advanced classes. I get the feeling Toby is a bit older than he is, like she’d be a year ahead of him under other circumstances.
So… are we looking at run-of-the-mill depression + social anxiety? I’m trying not to read too much into things, but so far it seems Mike’s BFF was a robot… He doesn’t seem to do well with people.
Bellar
Should we be worried about you Der-shing? Is writing about emotionally traumatized people a comic author’s way of asking for help?
Haha, I’m fine, but thanks for asking.
Glad you’re alright.
squidlifecrisis
let me guess, Toby promised she’s “here to talk if you need to,” hasn’t she? I can tell by the way she’s abandoning him when he needs to talk the most.
Actually, this is probably the best thing she can do at the moment. Talking can’t help when you’re in htis kind of self-destructive loop.
tiny potato
January 13, 2016 at 4:42 pm | ∞ | Reply
super true. I’ve been in those loops and literally anything a person can say will make it worse.
It’s our 1-year anniversary??? Wow! I must have been so drunk when that happened, since I completely forgot…
I’m sooo sorry, I promise I will make up for it!
:'[
Oh god. This page hit me hard. I had a time where I went though feeling like that. There are some days where I still feel like that. This was genuinely hard to read. You have an amazing gift with writing real emotion Der-shing.
So if he asked her out, does it mean he still hasn’t figured out he’s “not straight”?
MI is supposed to be 5 chapters, right?
Unless things change drastically, we have two more flashbacks of his life in upcoming interludes… Things are gonna get preeetty interesting.
“Not straight” does not always equate to homosexual. Mike could very well be bisexual, asexual, or something else.
Tho he did use “not straight” to dismiss any possibility of having a wife when confronted by Bex’s questions, so I assumed bisexuality to be out of the picture. And since whatever he identifies as is implied to be of no subject to a wife, I assumed those restrictions would also apply to having a girlfriend.
Sorry if I was wrong or if I offended you in any way!
Of course! And you did not offend! Don’t fret. I didn’t interpret that scene as necessarily dismissing a woman in a certain context, but certainly not the context spoken of in the given situation. This could still open up the possibility of a platonic relationship (perhaps characteristic in an aromantic or asexual situation) or else an aversion to the idea entirely (romance repulsed aromantic). But I definitely think there is a high probability for a homosexual or otherwise homoromantic relationship in Mike’s past (present plot line with Mars Mike). I was just throwing the idea out there that we still do not quite know Mike’s orientation. Thanks for replying! I enjoy reading your prospective of that scene and how it plays into this one.
January 3, 2016 at 5:26 pm | ∞
Hmm. Got to admit I didn’t even consider romantic interests. It could very well be, yes.
I have to say I recognize that “Relax, I’m just joking” as a sort of defense mechanism against rejection, mostly because it triggered as soon as he noticed even the smallest amount of hesitation from her. But also because I’ve used that before.
Can’t exactly pinpoint why, but I feel that this scene wouldn’t have played out that way if he was actually joking.
I’m really looking forward to more flashbacks to see how this ties up.
StClair
January 4, 2016 at 10:41 am | ∞
Lorenzo: absolutely agreed. That was totally a retreat and attempt to cover up an earnest request… which was, itself, an attempt at emotional blackmail (‘if you really care for me, prove it’). Of a sort he’s been subjected to himself many times.
Our boy Mike is pretty messed up.
I imagine he knows that there is something strange about him, which maybe made it easier for the child abuse to take place (though in no way could it be seen as his fault) However, as you said he may actually be feeling real feelings for Toby, as he really could be any sexuality other than straight at the moment. Aww mike, I’m glad thighfriend found you :(
Sexuality is very fluid. I wouldn’t dismiss his feelings here (if they were true, which to me they do appear to be, in some extent at least) even if later on Mike provides a more uninterpretable definition for himself. Regardless I think the uncertainty in this point is befitting and adds another bit of interest. I really enjoy hearing what everyone thinks of it.
DukeBG
Don’t forget that:
1. Mike was in a bone zone with Braid in the last few months before comics events.
2. That reply to Bex was a retort, i.e. meant to get rid of her questions on the subject.
Regarding point 1: I’m a little lost here, who’s Braid?
Oh Mike….
Localized
Der-shing, it’s been said before, but your writing is fantastic. This is an excellent portrayal of how depression can affect a person.
Wow. As Somone who had severe untreated depression for 14 years, I can’t say how much I appreciate this. I feel for Toby, because when someone is in this state, there is literally nothing you can do or say to make things better. I feel for Mike, because he’s being horribly unfair to Toby and himself and only half aware of it. I feel for his mom, because everything she does gets twisted into further proof that she doesn’t love her son. That’s an impossible situation for all involved.
Oddly enough, there were people in my life that literally tried to sabotage my getting help and prioritized their own agendas over my health, but at the time I took it as reasonable behavior because I was so convinced I didn’t deserve to get better. Depression causes so much distorted thinking, and you’ve really captured it well. Keep it up.
So much yes. I hate how depression warps my thoughts and drags me deeper and deeper into a whirlpool of self-loathing and negative thoughts. :(
:( Mental illness is a terrible, terrible thing. I’m glad you have a good grasp on the fact that your depression is a thing and that it distorts your thinking.
I have anxious tendencies. My anxiety can lead to OCD. When things get out of control I become depressed. The joy is sucked out of my life and my faith in Christ and my work.
I can’t fathom how horrible it must be for people with mental problems who don’t have a good support system to fall back on. I have been so blessed to have a strong family and a mother who has done battle with the same demons in a much more lonely environment than I.
Elaterid
My God.
I want to give him a hug and tell him it’s going to be OK, but I’ve swum in the same water (never so deep) and I know that’s the last thing Mike would want.
You write these things too well. It would be a crime if you didn’t get an Eisner one day.
Have to say that I’m losing the plot on this comic, despite the spectacular art. Mike is progressively turning out to be a complete dick, with a long history of mental problems; I really can’t believe in him as a member of a deep-space expedition. He would have been bumped, long ago.
Well-adjusted, highly socialised, highly motivated people are ready to murder each other after months on end in Antarctica. Cabin Fever is real, people!
It certainly is. I think Shing has worked in an extremely difficult concept, that being the ‘unlikable’ protagonist. The plot is very characteristic of what must be done to continue the plot with a character that at least some portion of the audience is going to see quite like a “complete dick” as you say. The story has a lot going on, a good contrasting cast prior to Mike’s separation from the ship, a good few interludes thus far further explaining the character himself, and certain qualities that are enjoyable to read for regardless of the character themselves (mystery, tragedy, struggle). I can understand how this plot could lose people, and you make a good point Ben; that it does seem unlikely that Mike could reach the point we found him in when beginning this narrative. But regardless of this I find myself suspending any disbelief since I have yet to see how these lines all connect. As for Mike, I would assume there is much character growth happening as the plot progresses.
It’s interesting. Mike himself believes he’s a ‘complete dick’; that is actually a large part of his problem.
If Mike’s ever going to get better, he’ll need to view himself with more empathy than that. I suspect the audience will, too.
I get the feeling that might be what this story is for.
This comic increasingly reads to me, like a Conrad or Melville story, or a Patrick O’Brian.
The difference being that these represent a setting where people with almost any character weaknesses could, and frequently did walk aboard and become part of the crew, or even take considerable responsibility, because there was no recognition of their problems and anyway, it was no ones role to do anything about it.
Or, a 1950s “space opera”, most of which are basically “sea stories” IN SPACE anyway.
I suppose this is largely because I do have experience of actual work in remote locations, so I see a detailed background where most people just see a plot device, but to me the various parts of this story don’t mesh
Haha, yeah, I tend to make my stories wear several hats, with this one obviously being skewed towards the internals. I knew before I started that some people probably wouldn’t like the tonal shift that happened after the first chapter, but it was a deliberate choice. Either way, we’re only just approaching the visible 1/2 way point, and there’s a lot more story to go :]
January 4, 2016 at 4:39 am | ∞
No, it’s not the story, it’s the story, with the characters, in the setting, combined. It would gel better in a more “retro” setting, because then the background scenario would allow more hand waving of the various problems.
It’s the scenario where Mike is under some sort of medication, and various base personnel behave in ways which are highly unrealistic, in conjunction with the “used-future” settings which don’t ring true.
If he were on a 1950s-future space outpost, or even a steampunk one, and just drank for his problems, or took soma, it would just glide by… But it’s too realistic to be this unrealistic, if you take my meaning?
Well, not sure if I agree 100%. You’re of course free to interpret things however you want given the amount of info you have from the story atm, and based on personal tastes… to clarify though, Mike is not acting the way he was when he was selected. He would not have been a candidate at all if that were the case. I think you are taking issue with the fact that someone who requires medication for a mental condition would be barred from this sort of work, based on your experiences irl working in remote and dangerous areas, but this particular story is operating under the premise [which I’ll be detailing more later] that it is not necessarily the case. Not discrediting your experiences in the field at all, but part of the focus of this comic is to look at a futuristic scenario where mental illness is not treated the way it is currently, and also look at the role/ extent of personal responsibility when it comes to health management.
The only thing I’d argue is a really stupid decision was for Goto to let him leave the base with Bex at all, but on the other hand he was hiding the severity of his condition, and she is also bound by some privacy law that he already stated that he sued her over to maintain. And, the story needed them to go outside, haha.
Another thing is, as some people noted in the comments on the previous strip, these people are not being vetted as tightly as in the present-day space program. There are a lot more seats to fill. (Right now, the total number of people off-planet at any given time? Six.)
Kempson
One-year anniversary coming up already? Jesus, time flies.
Also, Young Mike is remarkably unlikable.
He works hard at being so.
As someone who was a thoroughly unlikeable teenager himself, it’s hard work keeping everyone beyond arms reach.
I’ve been on both sides of this conversation. What a wild ride this was for me to read. A+++
Wow, this hits deep. Once you start pushing people away with your own insecurities it’s really hard to stop. It just makes you feel worse about yourself and more lonely and as soon as you get the chance to pour that all out on someone else you just can’t stop until you go too far. And it hurts.
Yessssssss! It’s hard not to hate yourself when you can push people into disliking you, and prove yourself right. Self-fulfilling prophecy.
JepMZ
Ewww… His dialogue is super cringeworthy. Tho it does remind me about that really tragic suicide note that a guy published in the internet before he died. His parents were super religious. His first memories were being raped and being raped for a long time. He was a straight dude but wrote about how he has darkness in him and he fears being with anybody would infect them with his darkness. He seemed really incapable of getting into any relationships.
AudGirl
January 10, 2016 at 12:27 am | ∞ | Reply
Ugh, self hate. I feel you, Mike. I feel you. There is nothing worse than self hate and pushing away all your friends.
Ok, there are worse things but it’s still such a lonely feeling that only makes the self hate worse.
tompis
Oh, crap. I’ve been Toby for a friend, and I really feel for her… but it’s mostly heartbreaking because of Mike. This page hit hard, it was as if I could hear my friend saying the things Mike says, even though they never actually did.
February 10, 2016 at 12:24 am | ∞ | Reply
Ugh… I feel so much second hand embarrassment. >_<
Mike would have been fine asking her out without saying all these unattractive things!!
Oh dang, I forgot I read this already, oops. Haha
The secondhand embarrassment is just that powerful :P
Steelbright
Going to fall into the category of ‘people who empathize with Mike’ because…. being that deep in self-hatred, you hurt everybody else just by trying to express how much you hate yourself.
God it’s so painful. But so real. Great writing.
Glew
May 7, 2016 at 1:16 pm | ∞ | Reply
I wanted to say this 2 chapters ago, but… I really wanna hug the guy :’/
November 11, 2016 at 3:10 pm | ∞ | Reply
poor Mike has no one ever told him how to behave around normies?
looking at his behaviour is kinda weird bc on one hand it’s relatable but on the other hand I only know mentally ill people who repress their illness at all costs (which isn’t healthy btw) to avoid ostracization, myself including. mike seems to snap at people all the time and to be very open about his “craziness”, which is confusing. maybe there’s less stigma abt mental illness in mare internvm?
He is very much the sort of person who doesn’t talk about it… I don’t think he’s mentioned it at all so far tbh. If you reread this first few pages (including this one) it’s probably more obvious that he is keeping that info private. However he was (in Chapter 1) also off his meds. After that is just ??? haha, we’ll probably find out more info later.
November 17, 2016 at 6:42 am | ∞ | Reply
He may be half right, half wrong in all the worst ways… but the last thing he needed to do was to voice all of that in so caustic a manner around one of the few persons who could tolerate his company. Is driving them away really in his best interests? Is it in anyone’s best interests?
Or are we supposed to assume he doesn’t really get that yet?
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Budget rhetoric heating up in Harrisburg
By Steve Esack
Call Harrisburg Bureau |
The budget rhetoric is heating up in Harrisburg. (AP FILE PHOTO)
HARRISBURG — The first budget salvos have been launched in the state's annual verbal and ideological spending wars of spring. Will summer and Christmas suffer as a result for the governor, lawmakers and their employees?
On Tuesday, Democratic Gov. Tom Wolf fired the first shot when he told The Philadelphia Inquirer he does not expect a 2015-16 budget to be passed by the June 30 close of the current fiscal year.
"I'm planning on spending the summer here, and the fall and the winter," Wolf told the newspaper.
On Wednesday, Republican legislative leaders returned fire.
In a conference call with reporters, House Majority Leader Dave Reed, R-Indiana, said Wolf's remarks were premature and do not jell with his campaign promise to be a "different" leader in Harrisburg. The administration and legislative caucuses will not have their first joint meeting until next week, Reed said, and a deal can get done by June 30.
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In an interview with The Morning Call, Sen. Pat Browne, R-Lehigh, Appropriations Committee chairman, said Wolf's new comments do not bode well for compromise among the administration, the Senate and House. But he pledged to work to get a budget done on time.
Wolf won election by beating Republican incumbent Gov. Tom Corbett, who was historically unpopular because of education cuts Wolf vowed to restore. At the same time, voters elected more Republicans to the House and Senate. Both sides think they have a mandate from voters: Wolf to increase spending for public schools and universities; Republicans to control spending.
"Both can make claims to have the will of the people behind them," said Chris Borick, Muhlenberg College political science professor and pollster. "But the reality is both are going to have to be willing to compromise."
Last month, Wolf proposed a $33.8 billion spending plan that raises education spending and cuts business taxes and local property taxes while raising other taxes by a combined 16 percent. Republicans blasted it as excessive and "dead on arrival" and then acted diplomatically during two weeks of budget hearings that wrapped up last week.
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Wolf's budget plan, which requires legislative approval, would spend $500 million more in basic and special education to school districts and a long-term $675 million bond to support economic development programs. Both initiatives would be paid for via a 5 percent tax and a fee on Marcellus Shale drillers.
He would create $2.1 billion fund to reduce school property taxes by an average of $1,000 per homeowner across the state by imposing a 21 percent increase in the personal income tax (from 3.07 to 3.7 percent).
In addition, Wolf would put a $1.75 billion teacher pension payment into a lockbox to ensure it is paid in full, unlike in previous years, and pay for it with a 10 percent bump in the sales tax (from 6 to 6.6 percent) and an expanded list of taxable items lawmakers would have to approve to cover the rising pension payment.
He also would cut corporate net income tax and eliminate a levy on corporations' physical assets while changing accounting rules to capture more business taxes.
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Some of those ideas have support among Republicans and Democrats. Before any of those ideas are considered in the Legislature, House Republicans want Wolf to privatize the state liquor store system and the Senate Republicans want big changes to debt-ridden state pension systems. Wolf opposes both ideas — for now.
Browne, who is leading the Senate's pension change plans, said his bill will be done soon.
The House already passed a bill to sell the state liquor store system, Reed said. A lot of GOP lawmakers support reducing or eliminating property taxes, he said, and plans are being drawn up to present property tax relief legislation using a combination of higher sales and incomes taxes. Under the GOP bill, Reed said, all of the money generated from higher income and sales taxes would go to offsetting local property taxes, unlike Wolf's plan, which calls for the state to keep a portion of the increases.
The key to any budget talks, Reed said, is to see how much tax money the state generates through June. But Reed said there is no way the Legislature will approve nearly $5 billion in additional spending in one year as Wolf has proposed.
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"That's completely unrealistic and I think the governor is aware of that," Reed said, adding he does not fault Wolf for putting those options on the table in hopes of getting approval on some items.
"If I was in his shoes, I'd put everything on the table," Reed said. "We put liquor on the table and the Senate put pensions on the table and we'll see how all the puzzle pieces come together."
The Legislature also might have to consider another key issue in a long budget battle — its own finances.
In July, Corbett cut a combined $72 million from the budgets of the House, Senate and ancillary offices and operations for both chambers. Corbett made the cuts after lawmakers voted to raise their own budget while declining to vote on his plan to change pension systems. The cuts have caused the Republican and Democratic caucuses in both chambers to dip into their reserve funds by varying degrees and could lead to layoffs.
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Wolf can wield Corbett's cuts as a sword or an olive branch, Borick said.
"All the caucuses would like to make sure their budget lines are re-established at rates they think are necessary," he said. "The governor, right now, has some ability to use that issue as a bargaining chip. But it's tricky. He, of course, needs the Legislature to pass anything he wants. He has to be judicious in how he uses it."
It could be a long fight.
steve.esack@mcall.com
Twitter @sesack
Dave Reed
Most Read • Pennsylvania News
Like father, like son: Florida slayings stir memories of decades-old Bucks County murder-for-hire
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Articles, Eng
Reflectionless Filters Improve Linearity and Dynamic Range in Microwave Systems
By Ming Hao Yan, Applications Engineer, Mini-Circuits
Filters are fundamental building blocks of nearly every modern RF/microwave system used to eliminate unwanted signals in receiver and transmitter architectures. Until recently, study and research in practical filter design has been largely devoted to topologies in which rejection of stop band frequencies is accomplished by reflecting undesired signals back to the source. Meanwhile, there are many applications in which these reflections produce intermodulation products, gain ripples, and other problems in system performance. For example, non-linear devices such as mixers, multipliers and high-gain amplifiers which respond to out-of-band frequencies are highly sensitive to the reflections caused by conventional filter designs. This becomes especially challenging as filters are often needed near or adjacent to active devices in the signal path to better define bandwidth or suppress unwanted harmonics.
While RF system designers have used several brute-force approaches to manage these adverse effects such as inserting attenuators or isolation amplifiers around sensitive components, these techniques are known to degrade overall system signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and dynamic range. Absorption of stop band signals has been achieved by terminating one port of a diplexer (or all but one port of a multiplexer), but this approach is demanding on space requirements and still results in reflections due to mismatch in the transition. Balanced filters with quadrature hybrids at the input and output can also be used to buffer the circuit from reflective elements, but the bandwidth of the filter is then limited by that of the hybrids, which makes this technique unsuitable for broadband applications.
Figure 1 Derivation of a lowpass reflectionless filter topology: even and odd mode equivalent circuits that satisfy Equation 3 (a) re-arranged elements (b) added inactive elements to achieve symmetry (c) and final circuit topology (d)
Figure 2 Passband and stopband signal paths through the reflectionless lowpass filter.
Thus, there is a clear need for new filter topologies in RF and microwave systems in which stop band energy is absorbed into the circuit rather than reflected back to the source. This need has led to advanced research and development of a novel, patented topology of reflectionless filters, which Mini-Circuits will release to the market for commercial use this year.
Circuit Topology
The reflectionless filter topology assumes a two-port symmetric network and is derived based on even-/odd-mode analysis. This approach allows the two-port network to be divided (in theory) into two single-port networks, each of which contains half the elements of the two-port network. In the even mode equivalent circuit, the nodes that lie on the symmetry plane are assigned to an open circuit, while in the odd mode equivalent circuit, nodes that lie on the symmetry plane are assigned to ground (or virtual short). The S-parameters of the two-port symmetrical network are therefore defined as the superposition of the even and odd mode reflection coefficients such that:
S11 = S22 = 1/2(Γeven+Γodd) and (1)
S21 = S12 = 1/2(Γeven–Γodd) (2)
Given the requirement that the circuit be reflectionless, S11 must be equal to zero (normalized to the characteristic impedance of the network). It follows that:
Γeven=–Γodd (3)
Figure 3 Typical performance of a single pole lowpass reflectionless filter.
Figure 4 Performance comparison of traditional and reflectionless filters.
This condition is satisfied when the corresponding elements of the even and odd mode equivalent circuits are duals of one another. The derivation of a reflectionless lowpass filter following this methodology is illustrated in Figure 1.
In the resulting circuit, signals in the filter’s passband travel directly through, from input to output. Signals in the filter’s stopband are routed directly to the resistors, which terminate the signal internally (see Figure 2).
Figure 3 shows the typical performance of a single pole lowpass reflectionless filter of this class. The filter exhibits a third order inverse Chebychev-type response but is distinct from traditional filters in that the reflection coefficient is zero for all frequencies.3 While this example shows a reflectionless lowpass filter, the same technique has been used to derive a wide variety of highpass, bandpass and bandstop filters.
Extensions of this design approach include higher order filters in which the terminating resistors are replaced with matched sub-networks to achieve improvements in stopband rejection and steepness in the transition. For example, a series of third order lowpass filters (the NRLP3 series) has been developed in which three reflectionless filters are nested, each into the last. These designs exhibit steeper transitions and higher rejection in the first octave of the stopband relative to that of first order lowpass reflectionless filters.
As another extension, cascading filters are used in many applications to enhance stopband rejection or to combine highpass and lowpass filters to create a bandpass response. While cascading traditional filters can introduce in-band ripple and phase instability, reflectionless filters can be cascaded without adding these effects to the filter’s performance. Figure 4 compares the typical insertion loss, return loss and group delay of a traditional filter to that of a reflectionless filter when cascaded. These curves show that cascading traditional filters creates in-band ripple, degrades return loss and generates phase instability. By contrast, the reflectionless filters exhibit none of these detrimental effects, even when cascaded in three sections.
Reflectionless filters are particularly useful for pairing with sensitive nonlinear devices, where traditional filters are notoriously problematic. One such case is a filter cascaded with a mixer in the signal chain. Mixers generate spurious mixing products, higher LO harmonics and other unwanted signals that must be filtered out. However, with a conventional filter, these spurious tones are reflected back into the mixer where they can convert again or re-mix with the intended signals to create a multitude of unintended signals that may fall within the desired passband (see Figure 5).
Reducing intermodulation products generated by the nonlinear mixer has always been a design goal, and the industry has had various levels of success with high dynamic range FET based mixers. However, even the best mixers produce intermodulation products at some level from each port which then react with the neighboring elements in the RF chain. When these adjacent elements are filters, the out-of-band intermodulation products are fully reflected back into the mixer to recombine with the fundamental signal and produce additional “family members” of unwanted spurious products. These spurious products make their way to the output IF, and several end up in-band, limiting the overall dynamic range of the system. When out-of-band reflections from filters are minimized, those “family member” spurious products are reduced, resulting in a net reduction of in-band unwanted intermodulation products and improvement in overall system dynamic range (see Figure 6).
Additionally, these unwanted spurious products can be substantial in magnitude and of an undetermined phase. Therefore, in certain phase relationships, they can interfere destructively with the down-conversion signal, resulting in a “suck-out” at some point in the frequency band (see the red curve in the response in Figure 7).
This occurs commonly in broadband systems, in part because of the greater likelihood of a destructive phase relationship between the reflection and the desired signal over a wide bandwidth. Even in cases where this effect does not occur, the overall shape of the conversion loss curve will change and develop ripples as the electrical length of the line between the mixer and filter changes. In effect, this makes mixer-filter combinations sensitive to environmental conditions as well.
The reflectionless filter, however, causes no such effects to the mixer performance because the spurious mixing products are absorbed, rather than reflected back into the mixer where they can interfere. The conversion loss curve for the mixer in this setup not only lacks the suck-out effect shown by the traditional filter, but is also entirely insensitive to the line length between the filter and the mixer.
These same properties make reflectionless filters suitable for use with other types of sensitive components, such as multiplier chains, where reflections can contribute to unwanted harmonic multiplication and conversion gain ripple. They have also been used to extend the spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) in analog-to-digital converters (ADC) by absorbing clocked spurs before they can re-enter the ADC. Similarly, they can eliminate unintended feedback in high gain amplifiers and avoid stability problems, without the need for additional attenuators to buffer stopband reflections.
The development of the reflectionless filter topology represents a revolutionary advance that will enable significant improvements in RF system performance in many applications. This technology solves a number of longstanding problems related to embedding filters in transmit and receive chains. Some of the applications which will benefit – or have already – from replacing traditional filters with reflectionless filters have been discussed in this article, but the full scope of their usefulness in practical applications has yet to be realized. Mini-Circuits will release an initial offering of 23 models to the market, featuring first and third order lowpass, highpass and bandpass designs covering passbands from DC to 21 GHz (see Table 1). The filters are fabricated on GaAs using integrated passive device (IPD) process technology and packaged in tiny 3 × 3 mm QFN cases (see Figure 8).
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Buhari Gives Ministry Marching Orders To Complete Ajaokuta Steel Coy
mcebiscoo Latest News, Politics November 25, 2019
Olamilekan Adegbite, Minister of Mines and Steel Development, said President Muhammadu Buhari has given marching orders to his ministry for the completion of Ajaokuta Steel Company.
Adegbite disclosed this in Abuja during an interactive session with newsmen on the proposed Nigerian solid minerals downstream workshop scheduled to hold December 2.
The minister who spoke through his Special Adviser on Special Duty, Sunny Ekozin, said the ministry had been working “round the clock to actualise the ‘presidential directives’.
“For the past three months, we have been doing everything possible to ensure we make progress and we are happy to let the nation know that the president has given us full backing in this assignment.
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“The support given by the president include political backing to ensure that Ajaokuta works and by the grace of God it will work soon,” he said.
The minister also said part of the directives by Buhari was for the sector to solve long intractable problems bedeviling the solid minerals and to ensure Nigeria could rely on the sector to diversify its economy.
He said after articulating the problems for the past three months, the administration was on the path to harnessing the potential that abound in the minerals sector for the benefit of the people in the country.
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Adegbite explained that one of the steps taken was the current process of developing the Nigerian Downstream Mineral Policy.
According to him, the policy is first of its kind in the history of the country.
“The downstream mineral policy will trigger the nation with a clear diversification blue print in a sustainable manner, especially for the revamping of Ajaokuta Steel Company.
“And also effective harnessing of the abundant minerals endowment spread across the 36 states and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT).
“As part of the process leading to the revamping of the entire solid minerals sector, we are sensitising key stakeholders, especially large investors of this novel initiative for the development of solid mineral downstream value chains.
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“This will help to create massive jobs, wealth and industrialisation.”
Adegbite added that the ministry was determined and committed to ensuring that the president’s mandate was realised within the next three years.
He said that the present government would stem the exports of jobs and wealth by unwittingly exporting 35 million of unprocessed mineral products annually.
The minister pledged to open the sector to genuine indigenous and foreign investors to actively participate in the downstream licensing of mineral plants.
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The Black Dahlia Murder and Weyerbacher Brewing join forces with ‘Warborn’ Pale Ale
- September 20th, 2018 –
Warborn Pale Ale will be poured for the first time at Decibel Metal & Beer Fest (December 1 & 2) at the Wiltern in Los Angeles
Decibel Metal & Beer Fest: Los Angeles, presented by Metal Blade Records, continues its mission of pairing the most extreme minds in music and craft beer with Warborn Rye Pale Ale. Melodic death metal crew The Black Dahlia Murder have joined forces with longtime Decibel partner Weyerbacher Brewing – who brewed the official beer for the Philadelphia festival in March – to create the drinkable 5% ABV rye pale ale.
“We’re extremely excited to pair with Weyerbacher in the creation of Warborn Rye Pale Ale for our appearance at Decibel Metal and Beer Fest Los Angeles,” The Black Dahlia Murder front-man Trevor Strnad says. “Named after the closing track of our third album, ‘Nocturnal‘, Warborn is sure to be a bona fide hit amongst even the most discerning metalhead palette in attendance. The nostalgic Bolt Thrower-esque artwork was originally commissioned by the band in 2009 for a limited run of Warborn-themed long sleeve shirts that were sold exclusively on a European festival tour, and has triumphantly returned here almost ten years later to grace each can of this exquisite craft beer of the same name. The original painting was expertly handled by one John Sibbick, who constructed the iconic futuristic war scene that adorned the first edition of Warhammer 40k and subsequently Bolt Thrower‘s ‘Realm of Chaos’ album.
Painstakingly aged to delicious perfection on white oak and seasoned in death metal glory, Warborn will emerge victorious!”
Warborn comes in at an easily-drinkable 5% ABV, so you can drink it from the time that doors open until The Black Dahlia Murder takes the stage. Just don’t spill while you rage! Tickets for Metal & Beer Fest can be purchased at: decibelmagazine.com
About Decibel Magazine:
Founded in 2004, Decibel Magazine is heavy metal’s most trusted voice. For over 13 years, Decibel has never deviated from its original mission of examining the past, present and future of metal. Since the debut issue (The Dillinger Escape Plan, October 2004), Decibel has evolved into the authoritative publication on heavy music. Members of the Decibel community know that their level of passion is matched by the magazine’s staff and writers, and they trust that Decibel will always guide them toward the best music from both undiscovered acts and their favorite major artists. Decibel isn’t just America’s only monthly metal magazine – with an array of dynamic, exclusive content, five national tours and multiple books in their arsenal, they’re the true voice of heavy metal.
About Metal Blade Records:
Metal Blade Records was formed in 1982, and still remains independent, with offices worldwide. Throughout the years, the label has released material for countless renown acts (such as Metallica, Slayer, etc.), and is currently home to Amon Amarth, The Black Dahlia Murder, Cannibal Corpse, and many other legendary artists. For more information, please visit: metalblade.com
About Weyerbacher:
Established in 1995, Weyerbacher Brewing was founded in a livery stable in the historic city of Easton, Pennsylvania. From the first big beer, their path in this industry became clear – making big, full-flavored, high quality brews – and they’ve never looked back! Weyerbacher is dedicated to making bold, innovative beers that challenge style boundaries.
About The Black Dahlia Murder:
The Black Dahlia Murder released their latest album, Nightbringers, to critical acclaim last fall. In the hands of guitarist Brian Eschbach – who co-founded the band with front-man Trevor Strnad in 2001 – and new recruit Brandon Ellis (Arsis, ex-Cannabis Corpse), Nightbringers is rich with dynamic riffs that are at once fresh and classic The Black Dahlia Murder, resulting in a collection that shifts through many moods and effortlessly incorporates various elements of extreme metal. To preview and purchase Nightbringers, please visit: metalblade.com/tbdm
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Sakakah
Mihnati is your ultimate online destination for Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) jobs in Sakakah. Choose from thousands of job listings in the FMCG Industry and make the best career move for you. Whether you are pursuing a career in the private or government sector, you can find the latest FMCG jobs only on MIHNATI.COM!
Rafique Jad Est. for Trading, Multiple Cities, Saudi Arabia
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Sling Likens Trejo's Bad Boy Persona To Pay-TV Cos.
by Aaron Baar , August 30, 2016
With no-choice bundles and introductory pricing promotions that turn into high monthly fees, pay-TV services can sometimes feel like bullies to consumers -- at least according to Sling.
In a new marketing campaign that breaks this week, the OTT-streaming service positions actor Danny Trejo, known for menacing villain roles in many TV shows and films, as kinder than the Pay-TV services.
In television spots, Trejo sits against a black background and directly addresses the camera. “People say I’m evil,” he growls in one spot. “I say evil is how cable companies trick you with a low rate, and then Bam!, your bill is over a hundred bucks a month.” The spot concludes with the message “Take Back TV.”
“Danny Trejo is someone who can deliver this message in an arresting style,” Glenn Eisen, SlingTV’s chief marketing officer, tells Marketing Daily.
The strategy, which continues themes from the company’s previous efforts, came from listening to consumers about their “pain points” with the pay TV experience. “It’s about mirroring the sentiments of consumers,” Eisen says. “All that Danny does is communicate the pain points that we know consumers have.”
With more and more consumers considering over-the-top programming models, the time is right to attract new consumers to SlingTV, Eisen says. “With the advent of Netflix and Spotify and other services, consumers have become accustomed to a new model,” he says.
The campaign includes both English and Spanish executions as it targets cord-cutters, cord-nevers and the Hispanic community (and coincides with folding its Sling Latino brand into the SlingTV brand). Other elements include a redesign of the company’s Web sites, digital and mobile executions and social media. Sling TV subscribers will also see a curated selection of Danny Trejo’s movies available to rent via the on-screen TV guides.
“We have been experiencing record growth,” Eisen says. “This is going to accelerate things because we’re reaching out to a much broader base.”
ad campaign, tv
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Synjardy film coated tablets
Boehringer Ingelheim Limited contact details
empagliflozin
POM: Prescription only medicine
Same active ingredients
Same company
Last updated on emc: 23 Oct 2019
1. Name of the medicinal product
2. Qualitative and quantitative composition
3. Pharmaceutical form
4. Clinical particulars
4.1 Therapeutic indications
4.4 Special warnings and precautions for use
4.5 Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction
4.6 Fertility, pregnancy and lactation
4.7 Effects on ability to drive and use machines
4.9 Overdose
5. Pharmacological properties
5.1 Pharmacodynamic properties
5.2 Pharmacokinetic properties
5.3 Preclinical safety data
6. Pharmaceutical particulars
6.1 List of excipients
6.2 Incompatibilities
6.3 Shelf life
6.4 Special precautions for storage
6.5 Nature and contents of container
6.6 Special precautions for disposal and other handling
8. Marketing authorisation number(s)
9. Date of first authorisation/renewal of the authorisation
10. Date of revision of the text
This information is intended for use by health professionals
This medicinal product is subject to additional monitoring. This will allow quick identification of new safety information. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions. See section 4.8 for how to report adverse reactions.
Synjardy 5 mg/850 mg film-coated tablets
Synjardy 5 mg/1,000 mg film-coated tablets
Synjardy 12.5 mg/850 mg film-coated tablets
Synjardy 12.5 mg/1,000 mg film-coated tablets
Each tablet contains 5 mg empagliflozin and 850 mg metformin hydrochloride.
Each tablet contains 5 mg empagliflozin and 1,000 mg metformin hydrochloride.
Each tablet contains 12.5 mg empagliflozin and 850 mg metformin hydrochloride.
Each tablet contains 12.5 mg empagliflozin and 1,000 mg metformin hydrochloride.
For the full list of excipients, see section 6.1.
Film-coated tablet (tablet).
Yellowish white, oval, biconvex film coated tablets debossed with “S5” and the Boehringer Ingelheim logo on one side and “850” on the other side (tablet length: 19.2 mm, tablet width: 9.4 mm).
Brownish yellow, oval, biconvex film coated tablets debossed with “S5” and the Boehringer Ingelheim logo on one side and “1000” on the other side (tablet length: 21.1 mm, tablet width: 9.7 mm).
Pinkish white, oval, biconvex film coated tablets debossed with “S12” and the Boehringer Ingelheim logo on one side and “850” on the other side (tablet length: 19.2 mm, tablet width: 9.4 mm).
Dark brownish purple, oval, biconvex film coated tablets debossed with “S12” and the Boehringer Ingelheim logo on one side and “1000” on the other side (tablet length: 21.1 mm, tablet width: 9.7 mm).
Synjardy is indicated for the treatment of adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus as an adjunct to diet and exercise:
• in patients insufficiently controlled on their maximally tolerated dose of metformin alone
• in combination with other medicinal products for the treatment of diabetes, in patients insufficiently controlled with metformin and these medicinal products
• in patients already being treated with the combination of empagliflozin and metformin as separate tablets.
For study results with respect to combinations, effects on glycaemic control and cardiovascular events, and the population studied, see sections 4.4, 4.5 and 5.1.
Posology
Adults with normal renal function (GFR ≥90 ml/min)
The recommended dose is one tablet twice daily. The dosage should be individualised on the basis of the patient's current regimen, effectiveness, and tolerability using the recommended daily dose of 10 mg or 25 mg of empagliflozin, while not exceeding the maximum recommended daily dose of metformin.
For patients insufficiently controlled on metformin (either alone or in combination with other medicinal products for the treatment of diabetes)
In patients insufficiently controlled on metformin alone or in combination with other medicinal products for the treatment of diabetes, the recommended starting dose of Synjardy should provide empagliflozin 5 mg twice daily (10 mg daily dose) and the dose of metformin similar to the dose already being taken. In patients tolerating a total daily dose of empagliflozin 10 mg and who need tighter glycaemic control, the dose can be increased to a total daily dose of empagliflozin 25 mg. When Synjardy is used in combination with a sulphonylurea and/or insulin, a lower dose of sulphonylurea and/or insulin may be required to reduce the risk of hypoglycemia (see sections 4.5 and 4.8).
For patients switching from separate tablets of empagliflozin and metformin
Patients switching from separate tablets of empagliflozin (10 mg or 25 mg total daily dose) and metformin to Synjardy should receive the same daily dose of empagliflozin and metformin already being taken or the nearest therapeutically appropriate dose of metformin.
For the different doses of metformin, Synjardy is available in strengths of 5 mg empagliflozin plus 850 mg metformin hydrochloride, 5 mg empagliflozin plus 1,000 mg metformin hydrochloride, 12.5 mg empagliflozin plus 850 mg metformin hydrochloride, and 12.5 mg empagliflozin plus 1,000 mg metformin hydrochloride.
Renal impairment
No dose adjustment is recommended for patients with mild renal impairment. A GFR should be assessed before initiation of treatment with metformin containing products and at least annually thereafter. In patients at increased risk of further progression of renal impairment and in the elderly, renal function should be assessed more frequently, e.g. every 3-6 months.
If no adequate strength of Synjardy is available, individual monocomponents should be used instead of the fixed dose combination.
Table 1: Posology for renally impaired patients
GFR ml/min
Maximum daily dose is 3000 mg.
Dose reduction may be considered in relation to declining renal function.
Maximum daily dose is 25 mg.
The starting dose is at most half of the maximum dose.
Empagliflozin should not be initiated. The dose should be adjusted to or maintained at a maximum daily dose of 10 mg.
Empagliflozin is not recommended.
Metformin is contraindicated.
Hepatic impairment
This medicinal product must not be used in patients with hepatic impairment (see sections 4.3, 4.4 and 5.2).
Due to the mechanism of action, decreased renal function will result in reduced glycaemic efficacy of empagliflozin. Because metformin is excreted by the kidney and elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, Synjardy should be used with caution in these patients. Monitoring of renal function is necessary to aid in prevention of metformin-associated lactic acidosis, particularly in elderly patients (see sections 4.3 and 4.4). In patients 75 years and older, an increased risk for volume depletion should be taken into account (see sections 4.4 and 4.8). Due to the limited therapeutic experience with empagliflozin in patients aged 85 years and older, initiation of therapy in this population is not recommended (see section 4.4).
Paediatric population
The safety and efficacy of Synjardy in children and adolescents aged 0 to 18 years has not been established. No data are available.
Method of administration
Synjardy should be taken twice daily with meals to reduce the gastrointestinal adverse reactions associated with metformin. All patients should continue their diet with an adequate distribution of carbohydrate intake during the day. Overweight patients should continue their energy restricted diet.
If a dose is missed, it should be taken as soon as the patient remembers. However, a double dose should not be taken on the same time. In that case, the missed dose should be skipped.
• Hypersensitivity to the active substances or to any of the excipients listed in section 6.1.
• Any type of acute metabolic acidosis (such as lactic acidosis, diabetic ketoacidosis)
• Diabetic pre-coma.
• Severe renal failure (GFR <30 ml/min).
• Acute conditions with the potential to alter renal function such as: dehydration, severe infection, shock.
• Disease which may cause tissue hypoxia (especially acute disease, or worsening of chronic disease) such as: decompensated heart failure, respiratory failure, recent myocardial infarction, shock.
• Hepatic impairment, acute alcohol intoxication, alcoholism (see section 4.5).
Rare cases of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), including life-threatening and fatal cases, have been reported in patients treated with SGLT2 inhibitors, including empagliflozin. In a number of cases, the presentation of the condition was atypical with only moderately increased blood glucose values, below 14 mmol/l (250 mg/dl). It is not known if DKA is more likely to occur with higher doses of empagliflozin.
The risk of diabetic ketoacidosis must be considered in the event of non-specific symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal pain, excessive thirst, difficulty breathing, confusion, unusual fatigue or sleepiness. Patients should be assessed for ketoacidosis immediately if these symptoms occur, regardless of blood glucose level.
In patients where DKA is suspected or diagnosed, treatment with empagliflozin should be discontinued immediately.
Treatment should be interrupted in patients who are hospitalised for major surgical procedures or acute serious medical illnesses. Monitoring of ketones is recommended in these patients. Measurement of blood ketone levels is preferred to urine. Treatment with empagliflozin may be restarted when the ketone values are normal and the patient's condition has stabilised.
Before initiating empagliflozin, factors in the patient history that may predispose to ketoacidosis should be considered.
Patients who may be at higher risk of DKA include patients with a low beta-cell function reserve (e.g. type 2 diabetes patients with low C-peptide or latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) or patients with a history of pancreatitis), patients with conditions that lead to restricted food intake or severe dehydration, patients for whom insulin doses are reduced and patients with increased insulin requirements due to acute medical illness, surgery or alcohol abuse. SGLT2 inhibitors should be used with caution in these patients.
Restarting SGLT2 inhibitor treatment in patients with previous DKA while on SGLT2 inhibitor treatment is not recommended, unless another clear precipitating factor is identified and resolved.
The safety and efficacy of empagliflozin in patients with type 1 diabetes have not been established and empagliflozin should not be used for treatment of patients with type 1 diabetes. Limited data from clinical trials suggest that DKA occurs with common frequency when patients with type 1 diabetes are treated with SGLT2 inhibitors.
Lactic acidosis
Lactic acidosis, a very rare but serious metabolic complication, most often occurs at acute worsening of renal function or cardiorespiratory illness or sepsis. Metformin accumulation occurs at acute worsening of renal function and increases the risk of lactic acidosis.
In case of dehydration (severe diarrhoea or vomiting, fever or reduced fluid intake), metformin should be temporarily discontinued and contact with a health care professional is recommended.
Medicinal products that can acutely impair renal function (such as antihypertensives, diuretics and NSAIDs) should be initiated with caution in metformin-treated patients. Other risk factors for lactic acidosis are excessive alcohol intake, hepatic insufficiency, inadequately controlled diabetes, ketosis, prolonged fasting and any conditions associated with hypoxia, as well as concomitant use of medicinal products that may cause lactic acidosis (see sections 4.3 and 4.5).
Patients and/or care-givers should be informed of the risk of lactic acidosis. Lactic acidosis is characterised by acidotic dyspnea, abdominal pain, muscle cramps, asthenia and hypothermia followed by coma. In case of suspected symptoms, the patient should stop taking metformin and seek immediate medical attention. Diagnostic laboratory findings are decreased blood pH (<7.35), increased plasma lactate levels (>5 mmol/l) and an increased anion gap and lactate/pyruvate ratio.
Administration of iodinated contrast agent
Intravascular administration of iodinated contrast agents may lead to contrast induced nephropathy, resulting in metformin accumulation and an increased risk of lactic acidosis. Metformin should be discontinued prior to or at the time of the imaging procedure and not restarted until at least 48 hours after, provided that renal function has been re-evaluated and found to be stable, see sections 4.2 and 4.5.
Renal function
Due to the mechanism of action, decreased renal function will result in reduced glycaemic efficacy of empagliflozin. GFR should be assessed before treatment initiation and regularly thereafter, see section 4.2. Synjardy is contraindicated in patients with GFR<30 ml/min and should be temporarily discontinued in the presence of conditions that alter renal function, see section 4.3.
Patients with heart failure are more at risk of hypoxia and renal insufficiency. In patients with stable chronic heart failure, Synjardy may be used with a regular monitoring of cardiac and renal function. For patients with acute and unstable heart failure, Synjardy is contraindicated due to the metformin component (see section 4.3).
Hepatic injury
Cases of hepatic injury have been reported with empagliflozin in clinical trials. A causal relationship between empagliflozin and hepatic injury has not been established.
Metformin must be discontinued at the time of surgery under general, spinal or epidural anaesthesia. Therapy may be restarted no earlier than 48 hours following surgery or resumption of oral nutrition and provided that renal function has been re-evaluated and found to be stable.
Risk for volume depletion
Based on the mode of action of SGLT2 inhibitors, osmotic diuresis accompanying therapeutic glucosuria may lead to a modest decrease in blood pressure (see section 5.1). Therefore, caution should be exercised in patients for whom a empagliflozin-induced drop in blood pressure could pose a risk, such as patients with known cardiovascular disease, patients on anti-hypertensive therapy with a history of hypotension or patients aged 75 years and older.
In case of conditions that may lead to fluid loss (e.g. gastrointestinal illness), careful monitoring of volume status (e.g. physical examination, blood pressure measurements, laboratory tests including haematocrit) and electrolytes is recommended for patients receiving Synjardy. Temporary interruption of treatment with Synjardy should be considered until the fluid loss is corrected.
In the pooled placebo-controlled double-blind trials of 18 to 24 weeks duration, the overall frequency of urinary tract infection reported as adverse event was higher in patients treated with empagliflozin 10 mg on a background of metformin compared to patients treated with placebo or empagliflozin 25 mg on a background of metformin (see section 4.8). Post-marketing cases of complicated urinary tract infections including pyelonephritis and urosepsis have been reported in patients treated with empagliflozin. Temporary interruption of treatment should be considered in patients with complicated urinary tract infections.
Necrotising fasciitis of the perineum (Fournier's gangrene)
Post-marketing cases of necrotising fasciitis of the perineum, (also known as Fournier's gangrene), have been reported in female and male patients taking SGLT2 inhibitors. This is a rare but serious and potentially life-threatening event that requires urgent surgical intervention and antibiotic treatment.
Patients should be advised to seek medical attention if they experience a combination of symptoms of pain, tenderness, erythema, or swelling in the genital or perineal area, with fever or malaise. Be aware that either uro-genital infection or perineal abscess may precede necrotising fasciitis. If Fournier's gangrene is suspected, Synjardy should be discontinued and prompt treatment (including antibiotics and surgical debridement) should be instituted.
Lower limb amputations
An increase in cases of lower limb amputation (primarily of the toe) has been observed in ongoing long-term clinical studies with another SGLT2 inhibitor. It is unknown whether this constitutes a class effect. Like for all diabetic patients it is important to counsel patients on routine preventative foot care.
Elevated haematocrit
Haematocrit increase was observed with empagliflozin treatment (see section 4.8).
The effect of empagliflozin on urinary glucose excretion is associated with osmotic diuresis, which could affect the hydration status. Patients aged 75 years and older may be at an increased risk of volume depletion. Therefore, special attention should be given to their volume intake in case of co-administered medicinal products which may lead to volume depletion (e.g. diuretics, ACE inhibitors). Therapeutic experience in patients aged 85 years and older is limited. Initiation of therapy in this population is not recommended (see section 4.2).
Cardiac failure
Experience in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class I-II is limited, and there is no experience in clinical studies with empagliflozin in NYHA class III-IV. In the EMPA-REG OUTCOME study, 10.1% of the patients were reported with cardiac failure at baseline. The reduction of cardiovascular death in these patients was consistent with the overall study population.
Urine laboratory assessments
Due to its mechanism of action, patients taking Synjardy will test positive for glucose in their urine.
Co-administration of multiple doses of empagliflozin and metformin does not meaningfully alter the pharmacokinetics of either empagliflozin or metformin in healthy subjects.
No interaction studies have been performed for Synjardy. The following statements reflect the information available on the individual active substances.
Pharmacodynamic interactions
As Synjardy contains empagliflozin it may add to the diuretic effect of thiazide and loop diuretics and may increase the risk of dehydration and hypotension (see section 4.4).
Insulin and insulin secretagogues
Insulin and insulin secretagogues, such as sulphonylureas, may increase the risk of hypoglycaemia. Therefore, a lower dose of insulin or an insulin secretagogue may be required to reduce the risk of hypoglycaemia when used in combination with empagliflozin (see sections 4.2 and 4.8).
Pharmacokinetic interactions
Effects of other medicinal products on empagliflozin
In vitro data suggest that the primary route of metabolism of empagliflozin in humans is glucuronidation by uridine 5'-diphosphoglucuronosyltransferases UGT1A3, UGT1A8, UGT1A9, and UGT2B7. Empagliflozin is a substrate of the human uptake transporters OAT3, OATP1B1, and OATP1B3, but not OAT1 and OCT2. Empagliflozin is a substrate of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP).
Co-administration of empagliflozin with probenecid, an inhibitor of UGT enzymes and OAT3, resulted in a 26% increase in peak empagliflozin plasma concentrations (Cmax) and a 53% increase in area under the concentration-time curve (AUC). These changes were not considered to be clinically meaningful.
The effect of UGT induction on empagliflozin has not been studied. Co-medication with known inducers of UGT enzymes should be avoided due to a potential risk of decreased efficacy.
An interaction study with gemfibrozil, an in vitro inhibitor of OAT3 and OATP1B1/1B3 transporters, showed that empagliflozin Cmax increased by 15% and AUC increased by 59% following co-administration. These changes were not considered to be clinically meaningful.
Inhibition of OATP1B1/1B3 transporters by co-administration with rifampicin resulted in a 75% increase in Cmax and a 35% increase in AUC of empagliflozin. These changes were not considered to be clinically meaningful.
Empagliflozin exposure was similar with and without co-administration with verapamil, a P-gp inhibitor, indicating that inhibition of P-gp does not have any clinically relevant effect on empagliflozin.
Interaction studies suggest that the pharmacokinetics of empagliflozin were not influenced by co-administration with metformin, glimepiride, pioglitazone, sitagliptin, linagliptin, warfarin, verapamil, ramipril, simvastatin, torasemide and hydrochlorothiazide.
Effects of empagliflozin on other medicinal products
Based on in vitro studies, empagliflozin does not inhibit, inactivate, or induce CYP450 isoforms. Empagliflozin does not inhibit UGT1A1, UGT1A3, UGT1A8, UGT1A9, or UGT2B7. Drug-drug interactions involving the major CYP450 and UGT isoforms with empagliflozin and concomitantly administered substrates of these enzymes are therefore considered unlikely.
Empagliflozin does not inhibit P-gp at therapeutic doses. Based on in vitro studies, empagliflozin is considered unlikely to cause interactions with medicinal products that are P-gp substrates. Co-administration of digoxin, a P-gp substrate, with empagliflozin resulted in a 6% increase in AUC and 14% increase in Cmax of digoxin. These changes were not considered to be clinically meaningful.
Empagliflozin does not inhibit human uptake transporters such as OAT3, OATP1B1, and OATP1B3 in vitro at clinically relevant plasma concentrations and, as such, drug-drug interactions with substrates of these uptake transporters are considered unlikely.
Interaction studies conducted in healthy volunteers suggest that empagliflozin had no clinically relevant effect on the pharmacokinetics of metformin, glimepiride, pioglitazone, sitagliptin, linagliptin, simvastatin, warfarin, ramipril, digoxin, diuretics and oral contraceptives.
Concomitant use not recommended
Alcohol intoxication is associated with an increased risk of lactic acidosis, particularly in cases of fasting, malnutrition or hepatic impairment.
Organic cation transporters (OCT)
Metformin is a substrate of both transporters OCT1 and OCT2. Co-administration of metformin with
• Inhibitors of OCT1 (such as verapamil) may reduce efficacy of metformin.
• Inducers of OCT1 (such as rifampicin) may increase gastrointestinal absorption and efficacy of metformin.
• Inhibitors of OCT2 (such as cimetidine, dolutegravir, ranolazine, trimethoprime, vandetanib, isavuconazole) may decrease the renal elimination of metformin and thus lead to an increase in metformin plasma concentration.
• Inhibitors of both OCT1 and OCT2 (such as crizotinib, olaparib) may alter efficacy and renal elimination of metformin.
Caution is therefore advised, especially in patients with renal impairment, when these drugs are co-administered with metformin, as metformin plasma concentration may increase. If needed, dose adjustment of metformin may be considered as OCT inhibitors/inducers may alter the efficacy of metformin.
Iodinated contrast agents
Metformin must be discontinued prior to or at the time of the imaging procedure and not restarted until at least 48 hours after, provided that renal function has been re-evaluated and found to be stable, see sections 4.2 and 4.4.
Combination requiring precautions for use
Some medicinal products can adversely affect renal function which may increase the risk of lactic acidosis, e.g. NSAIDs, including selective cyclo-oxygenase (COX) II inhibitors, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists and diuretics, especially loop diuretics. When starting or using such products in combination with metformin, close monitoring of renal function is necessary.
Glucocorticoids (given by systemic and local routes), beta 2 agonists, and diuretics have intrinsic hyperglycaemic activity. The patient should be informed and more frequent blood glucose monitoring performed, especially at the beginning of treatment with such medicinal products. If necessary, the dose of the anti hyperglycaemic medicinal product should be adjusted during therapy with the other medicinal product and on its discontinuation.
Insulin and insulin secretagogues, such as sulphonylureas, may increase the risk of hypoglycaemia. Therefore, a lower dose of insulin or an insulin secretagogue may be required to reduce the risk of hypoglycaemia when used in combination with metformin (see sections 4.2 and 4.8).
There are no data from the use of this medicinal product or empagliflozin in pregnant women. Animal studies show that empagliflozin crosses the placenta during late gestation to a very limited extent but do not indicate direct or indirect harmful effects with respect to early embryonic development. However, animal studies have shown adverse effects on postnatal development. A limited amount of data suggests that the use of metformin in pregnant women is not associated with an increased risk of congenital malformations. Animal studies with the combination of empagliflozin and metformin or with metformin alone have shown reproductive toxicity at higher doses of metformin only (see section 5.3).
When the patient plans to become pregnant, and during pregnancy, it is recommended that diabetes is not treated with this medicinal product, but insulin be used to maintain blood glucose levels as close to normal as possible, to reduce the risk of malformations of the foetus associated with abnormal blood glucose levels.
Metformin is excreted into human milk. No effects have been shown in breastfed newborns/infants of treated women. No data in humans are available on excretion of empagliflozin into milk. Available animal data have shown excretion of empagliflozin and metformin in milk. A risk to the newborns/infants cannot be excluded.
This medicinal product should not be used during breast feeding.
No studies on the effect on human fertility have been conducted for this medicinal product or empagliflozin. Animal studies with empagliflozin and metformin do not indicate direct or indirect harmful effects with respect to fertility (see section 5.3).
Synjardy has minor influence on the ability to drive and use machines. Patients should be advised to take precautions to avoid hypoglycaemia while driving and using machines, in particular when Synjardy is used in combination with a sulphonylurea and/or insulin.
Summary of the safety profile
A total of 12245 patients with type 2 diabetes were treated in clinical studies to evaluate the safety of empagliflozin as add-on to metformin, of which 8199 patients were treated with empagliflozin as add-on to metformin either alone or in addition to a sulfonylurea, pioglitazone, or insulin.
Placebo controlled double-blinded trials of 18 to 24 weeks of exposure included 3456 patients, of which 1271 were treated with empagliflozin 10 mg as add-on to metformin and 1259 with empagliflozin 25 mg as add-on to metformin. The most commonly reported adverse events in clinical trials were hypoglycaemia in combination with insulin and/or sulphonylurea, urinary tract infections, genital tract infections and increased urination (see description of selected side effects). No additional adverse reactions were identified in clinical trials with empagliflozin as add-on to metformin compared to the side effects of the single components.
Tabulated list of adverse reactions
The adverse reactions are listed by absolute frequency. Frequencies are defined as very common (≥1/10), common (≥1/100 to <1/10), uncommon (≥1/1,000 to <1/100), rare (≥1/10,000 to <1/1,000), or very rare (<1/10,000), and not known (cannot be estimated from the available data).
Table 2: Tabulated list of adverse reactions (MedDRA) from placebo–controlled studies and from post-marketing experience
System organ class
Very common
Very rare
Vaginal moniliasis, vulvovaginitis, balanitis and other genital infection1, 2
Urinary tract infection (including pyelonephritis and urosepsis)1, 2
Necrotising fasciitis of the perineum (Fournier's gangrene) a
Hypoglycaemia (when used with sulphonylurea or insulin)1
Thirst2
Diabetic ketoacidosisa
Lactic acidosis3
Vitamin B12 deficiency3, 4
Taste disturbance3
Volume depletion1, 2
Gastrointestinal symptoms3, 5
Liver function tests abnormalities3
Pruritus (generalised) 2, 3
Erythema3
Renal and urinary disorders
Increased urination1, 2
Dysuria2
Serum lipids increased2, b
Blood creatinine increased/
Glomerular filtration rate decreased1
Haematocrit increased2, c
1 See subsections below for additional information
2 Identified adverse reactions of empagliflozin monotherapy
3 Identified adverse reactions of metformin monotherapy
4 Long-term treatment with metformin has been associated with a decrease in vitamin B12 absorption which may very rarely result in clinically significant vitamin B12 deficiency (e.g. megaloblastic anaemia)
5 Gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain and loss of appetite occur most frequently during initiation of therapy and resolve spontaneously in most cases.
a See section 4.4
b Mean percent increases from baseline for empagliflozin 10 mg and 25 mg versus placebo, respectively, were total cholesterol 5.0% and 5.2% versus 3.7%; HDL-cholesterol 4.6% and 2.7% versus -0.5%; LDL-cholesterol 9.1% and 8.7% versus 7.8%; triglycerides 5.4% and 10.8% versus 12.1%.
c Mean changes from baseline in haematocrit were 3.6% and 4.0% for empagliflozin 10 mg and 25 mg, respectively, compared to 0% for placebo. In the EMPA-REG Outcome study, haematocrit values returned towards baseline values after a follow-up period of 30 days after treatment stop.
Description of selected adverse reactions
The frequency of hypoglycaemia depended on the background therapy in the respective studies and was similar for empagliflozin and placebo as add-on to metformin, as add-on to linagliptin and metformin, for the combination of empagliflozin with metformin in drug-naïve patients compared to those treated with empagliflozin and metformin as individual components, and as adjunct to standard care therapy. An increased frequency was noted when empagliflozin given as add-on to metformin and a sulfonylurea (empagliflozin 10 mg: 16.1%, empagliflozin 25 mg: 11.5% and placebo: 8.4%), or as add-on to metformin and insulin (empagliflozin 10 mg: 31.3%, empagliflozin 25 mg: 36.2% and placebo: 34.7%).
Major hypoglycaemia (events requiring assistance)
The overall frequency of patients with major hypoglycaemic events was low (<1%) and similar for empagliflozin and placebo as add-on to metformin, and for the combination of empagliflozin with metformin in drug-naïve patients compared to those treated with empagliflozin and metformin as individual components, and as adjunct to standard care therapy. Major hypoglycaemic events occurred in 0.5%, 0% and 0.5% of patients treated with empagliflozin 10 mg, empagliflozin 25 mg and placebo when added on to metformin and insulin, respectively. No patient had a major hypoglycaemic event in the combination with metformin and a sulphonylurea and as add-on to linagliptin and metformin.
The overall frequency of urinary tract infection adverse events was higher in metformin-treated patients who received empagliflozin 10 mg (8.8%) compared to empagliflozin 25 mg (6.6%) or placebo (7.8%). Similar to placebo, urinary tract infection was reported more frequently for empagliflozin in patients with a history of chronic or recurrent urinary tract infections. The intensity of urinary tract infections (i.e. mild/moderate/severe) was similar to placebo. Urinary tract infection events were reported more frequently for empagliflozin 10 mg compared with placebo in female patients, but not for empagliflozin 25 mg. The frequencies of urinary tract infections were low for male patients and were balanced across treatment groups.
Vaginal moniliasis, vulvovaginitis, balanitis and other genital infection
Vaginal moniliasis, vulvovaginitis, balanitis and other genital infections were reported more frequently in metformin-treated patients who received empagliflozin 10 mg (4.0%) and empagliflozin 25 mg (3.9%) compared to placebo (1.3%), and were reported more frequently for empagliflozin compared to placebo in female patients. The difference in frequency was less pronounced in male patients. Genital tract infections were mild and moderate in intensity, none was severe in intensity.
As expected from the mechanism of action, increased urination (as assessed by PT search including pollakiuria, polyuria, nocturia) was observed at higher frequencies in metformin-treated patients who received empagliflozin 10 mg (3.0%) and empagliflozin 25 mg (2.9%) compared to placebo (1.4%) as add-on to metformin therapy. Increased urination was mostly mild or moderate in intensity. The frequency of reported nocturia was comparable between placebo and empagliflozin (<1%).
The overall frequency of volume depletion (including the predefined terms blood pressure (ambulatory) decreased, blood pressure systolic decreased, dehydration, hypotension, hypovolaemia, orthostatic hypotension, and syncope) in metformin-treated patients who received empagliflozin was low: 0.6% for empagliflozin 10 mg, 0.3% for empagliflozin 25 mg and 0.1% for placebo. The effect of empagliflozin on urinary glucose excretion is associated with osmotic diuresis, which could affect hydration status of patients age 75 years and older. In patients ≥75 years of age volume depletion events have been reported in a single patient treated with empagliflozin 25 mg as add-on to metformin therapy.
Blood creatinine increased/Glomerular filtration rate decreased
The overall frequency of patients with increased blood creatinine and decreased glomerular filtration rate were similar between empagliflozin and placebo as add-on to metformin (blood creatinine increased: empagliflozin 10 mg 0.5%, empagliflozin 25 mg 0.1%, placebo 0.4%; glomerular filtration rate decreased: empagliflozin 10 mg 0.1%, empagliflozin 25 mg 0%, placebo 0.2%).
Initial increases in creatinine and initial decreases in estimated glomerular filtration rates in patients treated with empagliflozin as add-on to metformin therapy were generally transient during continuous treatment or reversible after drug discontinuation of treatment.
Consistently, in the EMPA-REG OUTCOME study, patients treated with empagliflozin experienced an initial fall in eGFR (mean: 3 ml/min/1.73 m2). Thereafter, eGFR was maintained during continued treatment. Mean eGFR returned to baseline after treatment discontinuation suggesting acute haemodynamic changes may play a role in these renal function changes.
Reporting of suspected adverse reactions
Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via:
Yellow Card Scheme
Website: www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard or search for MHRA Yellow Card in the Google Play or Apple App Store
HPRA Pharmacovigilance
Website: www.hpra.ie
ADR Reporting
Website: www.medicinesauthority.gov.mt/adrportal
In controlled clinical studies single doses of up to 800 mg empagliflozin (equivalent to 32-times the highest recommended daily dose) in healthy volunteers and multiple daily doses of up to 100 mg empagliflozin (equivalent to 4-times the highest recommended daily dose) in patients with type 2 diabetes did not show any toxicity. Empagliflozin increased urine glucose excretion leading to an increase in urine volume. The observed increase in urine volume was not dose-dependent and is not clinically meaningful. There is no experience with doses above 800 mg in humans.
Hypoglycaemia has not been seen with metformin doses of up to 85 g, although lactic acidosis has occurred in such circumstances. High overdose of metformin or concomitant risks may lead to lactic acidosis. Lactic acidosis is a medical emergency and must be treated in hospital.
In the event of an overdose, treatment should be initiated as appropriate to the patient's clinical status. The most effective method to remove lactate and metformin is haemodialysis. The removal of empagliflozin by haemodialysis has not been studied.
Pharmacotherapeutic group: Drugs used in diabetes, combinations of oral blood glucose lowering drugs, ATC code: A10BD20
Synjardy combines two antihyperglycaemic medicinal products with complementary mechanisms of action to improve glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: empagliflozin, an inhibitor of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2), and metformin hydrochloride, a member of the biguanide class.
Empagliflozin is a reversible, highly potent (IC50 of 1.3 nmol) and selective competitive inhibitor of SGLT2. Empagliflozin does not inhibit other glucose transporters important for glucose transport into peripheral tissues and is 5000-times more selective for SGLT2 versus SGLT1, the major transporter responsible for glucose absorption in the gut. SGLT2 is highly expressed in the kidney, whereas expression in other tissues is absent or very low. It is responsible, as the predominant transporter, for the reabsorption of glucose from the glomerular filtrate back into the circulation. In patients with type 2 diabetes and hyperglycaemia a higher amount of glucose is filtered and reabsorbed.
Empagliflozin improves glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes by reducing renal glucose reabsorption. The amount of glucose removed by the kidney through this glucuretic mechanism is dependent on blood glucose concentration and GFR. Inhibition of SGLT2 in patients with type 2 diabetes and hyperglycaemia leads to excess glucose excretion in the urine. In addition, initiation of empagliflozin increases excretion of sodium resulting in osmotic diuresis and reduced intravascular volume.
In patients with type 2 diabetes, urinary glucose excretion increased immediately following the first dose of empagliflozin and is continuous over the 24 hour dosing interval. Increased urinary glucose excretion was maintained at the end of the 4-week treatment period, averaging approximately 78 g/day with empagliflozin 25 mg. Increased urinary glucose excretion resulted in an immediate reduction in plasma glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Empagliflozin improves both fasting and post-prandial plasma glucose levels. The mechanism of action of empagliflozin is independent of beta cell function and insulin pathway and this contributes to a low risk of hypoglycaemia. Improvement of surrogate markers of beta cell function including Homeostasis Model Assessment-β (HOMA-β) was noted. In addition, urinary glucose excretion triggers calorie loss, associated with body fat loss and body weight reduction. The glucosuria observed with empagliflozin is accompanied by mild diuresis which may contribute to sustained and moderate reduction of blood pressure. The glucosuria, natriuresis and osmotic diuresis observed with empagliflozin may contribute to the improvement in cardiovascular outcomes.
Metformin is a biguanide with antihyperglycaemic effects, lowering both basal and postprandial plasma glucose. It does not stimulate insulin secretion and therefore does not produce hypoglycaemia.
Metformin may act via 3 mechanisms:
• reduction of hepatic glucose production by inhibiting gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis,
• in muscle, by increasing insulin sensitivity, improving peripheral glucose uptake and utilization,
• and delay of intestinal glucose absorption.
Metformin stimulates intracellular glycogen synthesis by acting on glycogen synthase. Metformin increases the transport capacity of all types of membrane glucose transporters (GLUTs) known to date.
In humans, independently of its action on glycaemia, metformin has favourable effects on lipid metabolism. This has been shown at therapeutic doses in controlled, medium-term or long-term clinical studies: metformin reduces total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels.
Clinical efficacy and safety
Both improvement of glycaemic control and reduction of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are an integral part of the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Glycaemic efficacy and cardiovascular outcomes have been assessed in a total of 10,366 patients with type 2 diabetes who were treated in 9 double-blind, placebo or active-controlled clinical studies of at least 24 weeks duration, of which 2950 patients received empagliflozin 10 mg and 3701 received empagliflozin 25 mg as add-on to metformin therapy. Of these, 266 or 264 patients were treated with empagliflozin 10 mg or 25 mg as add-on to metformin plus insulin, respectively.
Treatment with empagliflozin in combination with metformin with or without other antidiabetic medicinal products (pioglitazone, sulfonylurea, DPP-4 inhibitors, and insulin) led to clinically relevant improvements in HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), body weight, systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Administration of empagliflozin 25 mg resulted in a higher proportion of patients achieving HbA1c goal of less than 7% and fewer patients needing glycaemic rescue compared to empagliflozin 10 mg and placebo. In patients age 75 years and older, numerically lower reductions in HbA1c were observed with empagliflozin treatment. Higher baseline HbA1c was associated with a greater reduction in HbA1c. In addition, empagliflozin as adjunct to standard care therapy reduced cardiovascular mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease.
Empagliflozin as add-on to metformin, sulphonylurea, pioglitazone
Empagliflozin as add-on to metformin, metformin and a sulphonylurea, or pioglitazone and metformin resulted in statistically significant (p<0.0001) reductions in HbA1c and body weight compared to placebo (Table 3). In addition it resulted in a clinically meaningful reduction in FPG, systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared to placebo.
In the double-blind placebo-controlled extension of these studies, reduction of HbA1c, body weight and blood pressure were sustained up to Week 76.
Table 3: Efficacy results of 24 week placebo-controlled studies
Add-on to metformin therapya
HbA1c (%)
Baseline (mean)
Change from baseline1
Difference from placebo1 (97.5% CI)
-0.57* (-0.72, -0.42)
Patients (%) achieving HbA1c <7% with baseline HbA1c ≥7%2
Body Weight (kg)
SBP (mmHg)2
Difference from placebo1 (95% CI)
-4.1* (-6.2, -2.1)
Add-on to metformin and a sulphonylurea therapya
-2.7 (-4.6, -0.8)
Add-on to pioglitazone + metformin therapyb
SBP (mmHg)2, 3
-4.2** (-6.94, -1.53)
a Full analysis set (FAS) using last observation carried forward (LOCF) prior to glycaemic rescue therapy
b Subgroup analysis for patients on additional background of metformin (FAS, LOCF)
1 Mean adjusted for baseline value
2 Not evaluated for statistical significance as a part of the sequential confirmatory testing procedure
3 LOCF, values after antihypertensive rescue censored
* p-value <0.0001
** p-value <0.01
Empagliflozin in combination with metformin in drug-naïve patients
A factorial design study of 24 weeks duration was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of empagliflozin in drug-naïve patients. Treatment with empagliflozin in combination with metformin (5 mg and 500 mg; 5 mg and 1000 mg; 12.5 mg and 500 mg, and 12.5 mg and 1000 mg given twice daily) provided statistically significant improvements in HbA1c (Table 4) and led to greater reductions in FPG (compared to the individual components) and body weight (compared to metformin).
Table 4: Efficacy results at 24 week comparing empagliflozin in combination with metformin to the individual componentsa
Empagliflozin 10 mgb
Metforminc
+ Met 1000 mgc
No Met
Comparison vs. empa (95% CI)1
-0.63*
(-0.86, -0.40)
Comparison vs. met (95% CI)1
(-0.98 -0.51)
Met = metformin; empa = empagliflozin
a Analyses were performed on the full analysis set (FAS) using an observed cases (OC) approach
b Given in two equally divided doses per day when given together with metformin
c Given in two equally divided doses per day
*p≤0.0062 for HbA1c
Empagliflozin in patients inadequately controlled with metformin and linagliptin
In patients inadequately controlled with metformin and linagliptin 5 mg, treatment with both empagliflozin 10 mg or 25 mg resulted in statistically significant (p<0.0001) reductions in HbA1c and body weight compared to placebo (Table 5). In addition it resulted in clinically meaningful reductions in FPG, systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared to placebo.
Table 5: Efficacy results of a 24 week placebo-controlled study in patients inadequately controlled with metformin and linagliptin 5 mg
Add-on to metformin and linagliptin 5 mg
Placebo5
Empagliflozin6
HbA1c (%)3
Difference from placebo (95% CI)
Body Weight (kg)3
-1.3 (-4.2, 1.7)
2 Not evaluated for statistical significance; not part of sequential testing procedure for the secondary endpoints
3 MMRM model on FAS (OC) included baseline HbA1c, baseline eGFR (MDRD), geographical region, visit, treatment, and treatment by visit interaction. For weight, baseline weight was included.
4 MMRM model included baseline SBP and baseline HbA1c as linear covariate(s), and baseline eGFR, geographical region, treatment, visit, and visit by treatment interaction as fixed effects.
5 Patients randomized to the placebo group were receiving the placebo plus linagliptin 5 mg with background metformin
6 Patients randomized to the empagliflozin 10 mg or 25 mg groups were receiving empagliflozin 10 mg or 25 mg and linagliptin 5 mg with background metformin
In a prespecified subgroup of patients with baseline HbA1c greater or equal than 8.5% the reduction from baseline in HbA1c was -1.3% with empagliflozin 10 mg or 25 mg at 24 weeks (p<0.0001) compared to placebo.
Empagliflozin 24 months data, as add-on to metformin in comparison to glimepiride
In a study comparing the efficacy and safety of empagliflozin 25 mg versus glimepiride (up to 4 mg per day) in patients with inadequate glycaemic control on metformin alone, treatment with empagliflozin daily resulted in superior reduction in HbA1c (Table 6), and a clinically meaningful reduction in FPG, compared to glimepiride. Empagliflozin daily resulted in a statistically significant reduction in body weight, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and a statistically significantly lower proportion of patients with hypoglycaemic events compared to glimepiride (2.5% for empagliflozin, 24.2% for glimepiride, p<0.0001).
Table 6: Efficacy results at 104 week in an active controlled study comparing empagliflozin to glimepiride as add on to metformina
Empagliflozin 25 mg
Glimepirideb
Difference from glimepiride1 (97.5% CI)
-4.46** (-4.87, -4.05)
-5.6** (-7.0,-4.2)
b Up to 4 mg glimepiride
* p-value <0.0001 for non-inferiority, and p-value = 0.0153 for superiority
** p-value <0.0001
Add-on to insulin therapy
Empagliflozin as add-on to multiple daily insulin
The efficacy and safety of empagliflozin as add-on to multiple daily insulin with concomitant metformin therapy was evaluated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 52 weeks duration. During the initial 18 weeks and the last 12 weeks, the insulin dose was kept stable, but was adjusted to achieve pre-prandial glucose levels <100 mg/dl [5.5 mmol/l], and post-prandial glucose levels <140 mg/dl [7.8 mmol/l] between Weeks 19 and 40.
At Week 18, empagliflozin provided statistically significant improvement in HbA1c compared with placebo (Table 7).
At Week 52, treatment with empagliflozin resulted in a statistically significant decrease in HbA1c and insulin sparing compared with placebo and a reduction in body weight.
Table 7: Efficacy results at 18 and 52 weeks in a placebo-controlled study of empagliflozin as add-on to multiple daily doses of insulin with concomitant metformin therapy
HbA1c (%) at week 18a
HbA1c (%) at week 52b
Patients (%) achieving HbA1c <7% with baseline HbA1c ≥7% at week 52b, 2
Insulin dose (IU/day) at week 52b, 3
-12.61** (-21.43, -3.80)
Body Weight (kg) at week 52b
a Subgroup analysis for patients on additional background of metformin (FAS, LOCF)
b Subgroup analysis for patients on additional background of metformin (PPS-Completers, LOCF)
3 Week 19-40: treat-to-target regimen for insulin dose adjustment to achieve pre-defined glucose target levels (pre-prandial <100 mg/dl (5.5 mmol/l), post-prandial <140 mg/dl (7.8 mmol/l)
* p-value ≤0.0005
** p-value <0.005
Empagliflozin as add on to basal insulin
The efficacy and safety of empagliflozin as add on to basal insulin with concomitant metformin therapy was evaluated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 78 weeks duration. During the initial 18 weeks the insulin dose was kept stable, but was adjusted to achieve a FPG <110 mg/dl in the following 60 weeks.
At week 18, empagliflozin provided statistically significant improvement in HbA1c. A greater proportion of patients treated with empagliflozin and with a baseline HbA1c ≥7.0% achieved a target HbA1c of <7% compared to placebo (Table 8).
At 78 weeks, the decrease in HbA1c and insulin sparing effect of empagliflozin was maintained. Furthermore, empagliflozin resulted in a reduction in FPG, body weight and blood pressure.
Table 8: Efficacy results at 18 and 78 weeks in a placebo-controlled study of empagliflozin as add on to basal insulin with metformina
HbA1c (%) at week 18
Basal insulin dose (IU/day) at week 78
-6.21** (-11.81, -0.61)
-4.42 (-10.18, 1.34)
a Subgroup analysis of full analysis set (FAS) for patients on additional background of metformin - Completers using last observation carried forward (LOCF) prior to glycaemic rescue therapy
** p-value ≤0.025
Empagliflozin and linagliptin as add-on therapy to metformin
In a double-blind trial in patients with inadequate glycemic control, 24-weeks treatment with both doses of empagliflozin plus linagliptin as add-on to metformin therapy provided statistically significant (p<0.0001) reductions in HbA1c (change from baseline of -1.08% for empagliflozin 10 mg plus linagliptin 5 mg, -1.19% for empagliflozin 25 mg plus linagliptin 5 mg, -0.70% for linagliptin 5 mg). Compared to linagliptin 5 mg, both doses of empagliflozin plus linagliptin 5 mg provided statistically significant reductions in FPG and blood pressure. Both doses provided similar statistically significant reductions in body weight, expressed as kg and percentage change. A greater proportion of patients with a baseline HbA1c ≥7.0% and treated with empagliflozin plus linagliptin achieved a target HbA1c of <7% compared to linagliptin 5 mg. Clinically meaningful reductions in HbA1c were maintained for 52 weeks.
Empagliflozin twice daily versus once daily as add on to metformin therapy
The efficacy and safety of empagliflozin twice daily versus once daily (daily dose of 10 mg and 25 mg) as add-on therapy in patients with in sufficient glycemic control on metformin monotherapy was evaluated in a double blind placebo-controlled study of 16 weeks duration. All treatments with empagliflozin resulted in significant reductions in HbA1c from baseline (total mean 7.8%) after 16 weeks of treatment compared with placebo. Empagliflozin twice daily dose regimens on a background of metformin led to comparable reductions in HbA1c versus once daily dose regimens with a treatment difference in HbA1c reductions from baseline to week 16 of -0.02% (95% CI -0.16, 0.13) for empagliflozin 5 mg twice daily versus 10 mg once daily, and -0.11% (95% CI -0.26, 0.03) for empagliflozin 12.5 mg twice daily versus 25 mg once daily.
Cardiovascular outcome
The double-blind, placebo-controlled EMPA-REG OUTCOME study compared pooled doses of empagliflozin 10 mg and 25 mg with placebo as adjunct to standard care therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease. A total of 7020 patients were treated (empagliflozin 10 mg: 2345, empagliflozin 25 mg: 2342, placebo: 2333) and followed for a median of 3.1 years. The mean age was 63 years, the mean HbA1c was 8.1%, and 71.5% were male. At baseline, 74% of patients were being treated with metformin, 48% with insulin, and 43% with a sulfonylurea. About half of the patients (52.2%) had an eGFR of 60-90 ml/min/1.73 m2, 17.8% of 45-60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and 7.7% of 30-45 ml/min/1.73 m2.
At week 12, an adjusted mean (SE) improvement in HbA1c when compared to baseline of 0.11% (0.02) in the placebo group, 0.65% (0.02) and 0.71% (0.02) in the empagliflozin 10 and 25 mg groups was observed. After the first 12 weeks glycaemic control was optimized independent of investigative treatment. Therefore the effect was attenuated at week 94, with an adjusted mean (SE) improvement in HbA1c of 0.08% (0.02) in the placebo group, 0.50% (0.02) and 0.55% (0.02) in the empagliflozin 10 and 25 mg groups.
Empagliflozin was superior in preventing the primary combined endpoint of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or non-fatal stroke, as compared with placebo. The treatment effect was driven by a significant reduction in cardiovascular death with no significant change in non-fatal myocardial infarction, or non-fatal stroke. The reduction of cardiovascular death was comparable for empagliflozin 10 mg and 25 mg (see Figure 1) and confirmed by an improved overall survival (Table 9).
The efficacy for preventing cardiovascular mortality has not been conclusively established in patients using empagliflozin concomitantly with DPP-4 inhibitors or in Black patients because the representation of these groups in the EMPA-REG OUTCOME study was limited.
Table 9: Treatment effect for the primary composite endpoint, its components and mortalitya
Empagliflozinb
Time to first event of CV death, non-fatal MI, or non-fatal stroke N (%)
Hazard ratio vs. placebo (95.02% CI)*
0.86 (0.74, 0.99)
p−value for superiority
CV Death N (%)
137 (5.9)
Hazard ratio vs. placebo (95% CI)
<0.0001
Non-fatal MI N (%)
p−value
Non-fatal stroke N (%)
All-cause mortality N (%)
Non-CV mortality N (%)
CV = cardiovascular, MI = myocardial infarction
a Treated set (TS), i.e. patients who had received at least one dose of study drug
b Pooled doses of empagliflozin 10 mg and 25 mg
* Since data from the trial were included in an interim analysis, a two-sided 95.02% confidence interval applied which corresponds to a p-value of less than 0.0498 for significance.
Figure 1 Time to occurrence of cardiovascular death in the EMPA-REG OUTCOME study
Heart failure requiring hospitalization
In the EMPA-REG OUTCOME study, empagliflozin reduced the risk of heart failure requiring hospitalization compared with placebo (empagliflozin 2.7 %; placebo 4.1 %; HR 0.65, 95 % CI 0.50, 0.85).
In the EMPA-REG OUTCOME study, for time to first nephropathy event, the HR was 0.61 (95 % CI 0.53, 0.70) for empagliflozin (12.7 %) vs placebo (18.8 %).
In addition, empagliflozin showed a higher (HR 1.82, 95 % CI 1.40, 2.37) occurrence of sustained normo- or micro-albuminuria (49.7 %) in patients with baseline macro-albuminuria compared with placebo (28.8 %).
2 hour post-prandial glucose
Treatment with empagliflozin as add-on to metformin or metformin plus sulfonylurea resulted in clinically meaningful improvement of 2-hour post-prandial glucose (meal tolerance test) at 24 weeks (add-on to metformin, placebo: +5.9 mg/dl, empagliflozin 10 mg: -46.0 mg/dl, empagliflozin 25 mg: -44.6 mg/dl; add-on to metformin plus sulphonylurea, placebo: -2.3 mg/dl, empagliflozin 10 mg: -35.7 mg/dl, empagliflozin 25 mg: -36.6 mg/dl).
Patients with baseline HbA1c ≥9%
In a pre-specified analysis of subjects with baseline HbA1c ≥9.0%, treatment with empagliflozin 10 mg or 25 mg as add-on to metformin resulted in statistically significant reductions in HbA1c at Week 24 (adjusted mean change from baseline of -1.49% for empagliflozin 25 mg, -1.40% for empagliflozin 10 mg, and -0.44% for placebo).
In a pre-specified pooled analysis of 4 placebo controlled studies, treatment with empagliflozin (68% of all patients were on metformin background) resulted in body weight reduction compared to placebo at week 24 (-2.04 kg for empagliflozin 10 mg, -2.26 kg for empagliflozin 25 mg and -0.24 kg for placebo) that was maintained up to week 52 (-1.96 kg for empagliflozin 10 mg, -2.25 kg for empagliflozin 25 mg and -0.16 kg for placebo).
The efficacy and safety of empagliflozin was evaluated in a double-blind, placebo controlled study of 12 weeks duration in patients with type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure on different antidiabetic and up to 2 antihypertensive therapies. Treatment with empagliflozin once daily resulted in statistically significant improvement in HbA1c, and 24 hour mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure as determined by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (Table 10). Treatment with empagliflozin provided reductions in seated SBP and DBP.
Table 10: Efficacy results at 12 week in a placebo-controlled study of empagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes and uncontrolled blood pressurea
HbA1c (%) at week 121
Difference from placebo1 (95% CI)2
24 hour SBP at week 123
24 hour DBP at week 123
a Full analysis set (FAS)
1 LOCF, values after taking antidiabetic rescue therapy censored
2 Mean adjusted for baseline HbA1c, baseline eGFR, geographical region and number of antihypertensive medicinal products
3 LOCF, values after taking antidiabetic rescue therapy or changing antihypertensive rescue therapy censored
4 Mean adjusted for baseline SBP, baseline HbA1c, baseline eGFR, geographical region and number of antihypertensive medicinal products
5 Mean adjusted for baseline DBP, baseline HbA1c, baseline eGFR, geographical region and number of antihypertensive medicinal products
In a pre-specified pooled analysis of 4 placebo-controlled studies, treatment with empagliflozin (68% of all patients were on metformin background) resulted in a reduction in systolic blood pressure (empagliflozin 10 mg: -3.9 mmHg, empagliflozin 25 mg: -4.3 mmHg) compared with placebo (-0.5 mmHg), and in diastolic blood pressure (empagliflozin 10 mg: -1.8 mmHg, empagliflozin 25 mg: -2.0 mmHg) compared with placebo (-0.5 mmHg), at week 24, that were maintained up to week 52.
The prospective randomised (UKPDS) study has established the long-term benefit of intensive blood glucose control in type 2 diabetes. Analysis of the results for overweight patients treated with metformin after failure of diet alone showed:
• a significant reduction of the absolute risk of any diabetes-related complication in the metformin group (29.8 events/1,000 patient-years) versus diet alone (43.3 events/1,000 patient-years), p=0.0023, and versus the combined sulphonylurea and insulin monotherapy groups (40.1 events/1,000 patient-years), p=0.0034,
• a significant reduction of the absolute risk of any diabetes-related mortality: metformin 7.5 events/1,000 patient-years, diet alone 12.7 events/1,000 patient-years, p=0.017,
• a significant reduction of the absolute risk of overall mortality: metformin 13.5 events/1,000 patient-years versus diet alone 20.6 events/1,000 patient-years, (p=0.011), and versus the combined sulphonylurea and insulin monotherapy groups 18.9 events/1,000 patient-years (p=0.021),
• a significant reduction in the absolute risk of myocardial infarction: metformin 11 events/1,000 patient-years, diet alone 18 events/1,000 patient-years, (p=0.01).
The European Medicines Agency has waived the obligation to submit the results of studies with Synjardy in all subsets of the paediatric population in type 2 diabetes (see section 4.2 for information on paediatric use).
Synjardy
The results of bioequivalence studies in healthy subjects demonstrated that Synjardy (empagliflozin/metformin hydrochloride) 5 mg/850 mg, 5 mg/1,000 mg, 12.5 mg/850 mg, and 12.5 mg/1,000 mg combination tablets are bioequivalent to co-administration of corresponding doses of empagliflozin and metformin as individual tablets.
Administration of empagliflozin/metformin 12.5 mg/1,000 mg under fed conditions resulted in 9% decrease in AUC and a 28% decrease in Cmax for empagliflozin, when compared to fasted conditions. For metformin, AUC decreased by 12% and Cmax decreased by 26% compared to fasting conditions. The observed effect of food on empagliflozin and metformin is not considered to be clinically relevant. However, as metformin is recommended to be given with meals, Synjardy is also proposed to be given with food.
The following statements reflect the pharmacokinetic properties of the individual active substances of Synjardy.
The pharmacokinetics of empagliflozin have been extensively characterised in healthy volunteers and patients with type 2 diabetes. After oral administration, empagliflozin was rapidly absorbed with peak plasma concentrations occurring at a median tmax of 1.5 hours post-dose. Thereafter, plasma concentrations declined in a biphasic manner with a rapid distribution phase and a relatively slow terminal phase. The steady state mean plasma AUC and Cmax were 1870 nmol.h/l and 259 nmol/l with empagliflozin 10 mg and 4740 nmol.h/l and 687 nmol/l with empagliflozin 25 mg once daily. Systemic exposure of empagliflozin increased in a dose-proportional manner. The single-dose and steady-state pharmacokinetic parameters of empagliflozin were similar suggesting linear pharmacokinetics with respect to time. There were no clinically relevant differences in empagliflozin pharmacokinetics between healthy volunteers and patients with type 2 diabetes.
The pharmacokinetics of 5 mg empagliflozin twice daily and 10 mg empagliflozin once daily were compared in healthy subjects. Overall exposure (AUCss) of empagliflozin over a 24-hour period with empagliflozin 5 mg administered twice daily was similar to empagliflozin 10 mg administered once daily. As expected, empagliflozin 5 mg administered twice daily compared with 10 mg empagliflozin once daily resulted in lower Cmax and higher trough plasma empagliflozin concentrations (Cmin).
Administration of empagliflozin 25 mg after intake of a high-fat and high calorie meal resulted in slightly lower exposure; AUC decreased by approximately 16% and Cmax by approximately 37% compared to fasted condition. The observed effect of food on empagliflozin pharmacokinetics was not considered clinically relevant and empagliflozin may be administered with or without food. Similar results were obtained when Synjardy (empagliflozin/metformin) combination tablets were administered with high-fat and high calorie meal.
The apparent steady-state volume of distribution was estimated to be 73.8 l based on the population pharmacokinetic analysis. Following administration of an oral [14C]-empagliflozin solution to healthy volunteers, the red blood cell partitioning was approximately 37% and plasma protein binding was 86%.
No major metabolites of empagliflozin were detected in human plasma, as defined by at least 10% of total drug-related material, and the most abundant metabolites were three glucuronide conjugates (2-, 3-, and 6-O-glucuronide). In vitro studies suggested that the primary route of metabolism of empagliflozin in humans is glucuronidation by the uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferases UGT2B7, UGT1A3, UGT1A8, and UGT1A9.
Based on the population pharmacokinetic analysis, the apparent terminal elimination half-life of empagliflozin was estimated to be 12.4 hours and apparent oral clearance was 10.6 l/hour. The inter-subject and residual variabilities for empagliflozin oral clearance were 39.1% and 35.8%, respectively. With once-daily dosing, steady-state plasma concentrations of empagliflozin were reached by the fifth dose. Consistent with the half-life, up to 22% accumulation, with respect to plasma AUC, was observed at steady-state. Following administration of an oral [14C]-empagliflozin solution to healthy volunteers, approximately 96% of the drug-related radioactivity was eliminated in faeces (41%) or urine (54%). The majority of drug-related radioactivity recovered in faeces was unchanged parent drug and approximately half of drug-related radioactivity excreted in urine was unchanged parent drug.
In patients with mild, moderate or severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance <30 - <90 ml/min) and patients with kidney failure/end stage renal disease (ESRD), AUC of empagliflozin increased by approximately 18%, 20%, 66%, and 48%, respectively compared to subjects with normal renal function. Peak plasma levels of empagliflozin were similar in subjects with moderate renal impairment and kidney failure/ESRD compared to patients with normal renal function. Peak plasma levels of empagliflozin were roughly 20% higher in subjects with mild and severe renal impairment as compared to subjects with normal renal function. The population pharmacokinetic analysis showed that the apparent oral clearance of empagliflozin decreased with a decrease in creatinine clearance leading to an increase in drug exposure.
In subjects with mild, moderate, and severe hepatic impairment according to the Child-Pugh classification, AUC of empagliflozin increased approximately by 23%, 47%, and 75% and Cmax by approximately 4%, 23%, and 48%, respectively, compared to subjects with normal hepatic function.
Body mass index had no clinically relevant effect on the pharmacokinetics of empagliflozin based on the population pharmacokinetic analysis. In this analysis, AUC was estimated to be 5.82%, 10.4%, and 17.3% lower in subjects with BMI of 30, 35, and 45 kg/m2, respectively, compared to subjects with a body mass index of 25 kg/m2.
Gender had no clinically relevant effect on the pharmacokinetics of empagliflozin based on the population pharmacokinetic analysis.
In the population pharmacokinetic analysis, AUC was estimated to be 13.5% higher in Asians with a body mass index of 25 kg/m2 compared to non-Asians with a body mass index of 25 kg/m2.
Age did not have a clinically meaningful impact on the pharmacokinetics of empagliflozin based on the population pharmacokinetic analysis.
A paediatric Phase 1 study examined the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of empagliflozin (5 mg, 10 mg and 25 mg) in children and adolescents ≥10 to <18 years of age with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The observed pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic responses were consistent with those found in adult subjects.
After an oral dose of metformin, tmax is reached in 2.5 hours. Absolute bioavailability of a 500 mg or 850 mg metformin hydrochloride tablet is approximately 50-60% in healthy subjects. After an oral dose, the non-absorbed fraction recovered in faeces was 20-30%. After oral administration, metformin absorption is saturable and incomplete. It is assumed that the pharmacokinetics of metformin absorption are non-linear. At the recommended metformin doses and dosing schedules, steady-state plasma concentrations are reached within 24 to 48 hours and are generally less than 1 microgram/ml. In controlled clinical trials, maximum metformin plasma levels (Cmax) did not exceed 5 microgram/ml, even at maximum doses.
Food decreases the extent and slightly delays the absorption of metformin. Following administration of a dose of 850 mg metformin hydrochloride, a 40% lower plasma peak concentration, a 25% decrease in AUC and a 35 minute prolongation of the time to peak plasma concentration were observed. The clinical relevance of these decreases is unknown.
Plasma protein binding is negligible. Metformin partitions into erythrocytes. The blood peak is lower than the plasma peak and appears at approximately the same time. The red blood cells most likely represent a secondary compartment of distribution. The mean volume of distribution (Vd) ranged between 63 - 276 l.
Metformin is excreted unchanged in the urine. No metabolites have been identified in humans.
Renal clearance of metformin is >400 ml/min, indicating that metformin is eliminated by glomerular filtration and tubular secretion. Following an oral dose, the apparent terminal elimination half-life is approximately 6.5 hours.
When renal function is impaired, renal clearance is decreased in proportion to that of creatinine and thus the elimination half-life is prolonged, leading to increased levels of metformin in plasma.
Single dose study: after single doses of metformin hydrochloride 500 mg, paediatric patients have shown a similar pharmacokinetic profile to that observed in healthy adults.
Multiple-dose study: After repeated doses of 500 mg twice daily for 7 days in paediatric patients the peak plasma concentration (Cmax) and systemic exposure (AUC0-t) were approximately 33% and 40% lower, respectively, compared to diabetic adults who received repeated doses of 500 mg twice daily for 14 days. As the dose is individually titrated based on glycaemic control, this is of limited clinical relevance.
Empagliflozin and metformin
General toxicity studies in rats of up to 13 weeks were performed with the combination of empagliflozin and metformin and did not reveal any additional target organs when compared to empagliflozin or metformin alone. Some responses were increased by the combination treatment, such as effects on renal physiology, electrolyte balance and acid/base state. However, only hypochloremia was considered adverse at exposures of approximately 9- and 3-times the clinical AUC exposure of the maximum recommended dose of empagliflozin and metformin, respectively.
An embryofetal development study in pregnant rats did not indicate a teratogenic effect attributed to the co-administration of empagliflozin and metformin at exposures of approximately 14-times the clinical AUC exposure of empagliflozin associated with the highest dose, and 4-times the clinical AUC exposure of metformin associated with the 2000 mg dose.
Non-clinical data reveal no special hazard for humans based on conventional studies of safety pharmacology, genotoxicity, fertility and early embryonic development.
In long term toxicity studies in rodents and dogs, signs of toxicity were observed at exposures greater than or equal to 10-times the clinical dose of empagliflozin. Most toxicity was consistent with secondary pharmacology related to urinary glucose loss and electrolyte imbalances including decreased body weight and body fat, increased food consumption, diarrhoea, dehydration, decreased serum glucose and increases in other serum parameters reflective of increased protein metabolism and gluconeogenesis, urinary changes such as polyuria and glucosuria, and microscopic changes including mineralisation in kidney and some soft and vascular tissues. Microscopic evidence of the effects of exaggerated pharmacology on the kidney observed in some species included tubular dilatation, and tubular and pelvic mineralisation at approximately 4-times the clinical AUC exposure of empagliflozin associated with the 25 mg dose.
Empagliflozin is not genotoxic.
In a 2 year carcinogenicity study, empagliflozin did not increase the incidence of tumours in female rats up to the highest dose of 700 mg/kg/day, which corresponds to approximately 72-times the maximal clinical AUC exposure to empagliflozin. In male rats, treatment-related benign vascular proliferative lesions (haemangiomas) of the mesenteric lymph node were observed at the highest dose, but not at 300 mg/kg/day, which corresponds to approximately 26-times the maximal clinical exposure to empagliflozin. Interstitial cell tumours in the testes were observed with a higher incidence in rats at 300 mg/kg/day and above, but not at 100 mg/kg/day which corresponds to approximately 18-times the maximal clinical exposure to empagliflozin. Both tumours are common in rats and are unlikely to be relevant to humans.
Empagliflozin did not increase the incidence of tumours in female mice at doses up to 1,000 mg/kg/day, which corresponds to approximately 62-times the maximal clinical exposure to empagliflozin. Empagliflozin induced renal tumours in male mice at 1,000 mg/kg/day, but not at 300 mg/kg/day, which corresponds to approximately 11-times the maximal clinical exposure to empagliflozin. The mode of action for these tumours is dependent on the natural predisposition of the male mouse to renal pathology and a metabolic pathway not reflective of humans. The male mouse renal tumours are considered not relevant to humans.
At exposures sufficiently in excess of exposure in humans after therapeutic doses, empagliflozin had no adverse effects on fertility or early embryonic development. Empagliflozin administered during the period of organogenesis was not teratogenic. Only at maternally toxic doses, empagliflozin also caused bent limb bones in the rat and increased embryofetal loss in the rabbit.
In pre- and postnatal toxicity studies in rats, reduced weight gain of offspring was observed at maternal exposures approximately 4-times the maximal clinical exposure to empagliflozin. No such effect was seen at systemic exposure equal to the maximal clinical exposure to empagliflozin. The relevance of this finding to humans is unclear.
In a juvenile toxicity study in the rat, when empagliflozin was administered from postnatal day 21 until postnatal day 90, non-adverse, minimal to mild renal tubular and pelvic dilation in juvenile rats was seen only at 100 mg/kg/day, which approximates 11-times the maximum clinical dose of 25 mg. These findings were absent after a 13 weeks drug-free recovery period.
Preclinical data for metformin reveal no special hazard for humans based on conventional studies of safety pharmacology, repeated dose toxicity, genotoxicity, or carcinogenic potential or reproductive toxicity. At dose levels of 500 mg/kg/day administered to Wistar Hannover rats, associated with 7-times the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of metformin, teratogenicity of metformin was observed, mostly evident as an increase in the number of skeletal malformations.
Synjardy 5 mg/850 mg film-coated tablets and Synjardy 5 mg/1,000 mg film-coated tablets
Tablet core
Maize starch
Copovidone (K-value nominally 28)
Colloidal anhydrous silica
Film-coating
Macrogol 400
Titanium dioxide (E171)
Iron oxide yellow (E172)
Synjardy 12.5 mg/850 mg film-coated tablets and Synjardy 12.5 mg/1,000 mg film-coated tablets
Iron oxide black (E172)
Iron oxide red (E172)
This medicinal product does not require any special storage conditions.
PVC/PVDC/aluminium perforated unit dose blisters.
Pack sizes of 10 x 1, 14 x 1, 30 x 1, 56 x 1, 60 x 1, 90 x 1 and 100 x 1 film-coated tablets and multipacks containing 120 (2 packs of 60 x 1), 180 (2 packs of 90 x 1) and 200 (2 packs of 100 x 1) film-coated tablets.
Not all pack sizes may be marketed.
Any unused medicinal product or waste material should be disposed of in accordance with local requirements.
Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH
Binger Str. 173
D-55216 Ingelheim am Rhein
EU/1/15/1003/001
Date of first authorisation: 27 May 2015
Detailed information on this medicinal product is available on the website of the European Medicines Agency http://www.ema.europa.eu.
Company contact details
Boehringer Ingelheim Limited
Ellesfield Avenue, Bracknell, Berkshire, RG12 8YS
http://www.boehringer-ingelheim.co.uk
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Gay Hotspot Canada
Bulkley-Nechako Regional District
Gay Hotspot in Bulkley-Nechako Regional District
The best way to get luckily when gay cruising is to go with confidence and not be afraid of rejection from anyone. Never get discouraged when gay cruising, stay persistent and keep trying and in time you'll meet a person searching for fun.
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Gay Hotspot by City
Nearest Gay Hotspot in Bulkley-Nechako Regional District, found 15
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Beacon Hill Park at the Totem
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Coast Inn Hotel Prince George
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Victoria Passport OfficeBuilding
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Brockton Oval Vancouver
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Royal Centre Mall Vancouver
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Evergreen Mall Surrey
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About Our Ministry
Summer Worship and Speakers
Thanksgiving Day Ministry
Worship and Sunday School
Worship through Music
Youth Group, Programs and Events
Worship Options
Automatic Giving
Tuition, Fees, & Forms
8:30 a.m. Traditional, Sanner Chapel
8:30 a.m. Modern, Asbury Center, The Gathering
10:45 a.m. Traditional, the sanctuary
Sunday services are traditional and modern. The 8:30 a.m. traditional service meets in Sanner Chapel, which is located immediately inside the front entrance of the Church. A contemporaneous modern 8:30 a.m. service, The Gathering, meets in our fellowship hall, Asbury Center. The 10:45 a.m. traditional service is held in our beautiful sanctuary.
Kidz Praise, a special worship service for children aged 3 years old through 3rd grade, takes place during our 10:45 a.m. Sunday service.
Children who would like to participate in Kidz Praise will stay at the 10:45 a.m. service until the Children’s Message, and then leave for the All-Twos Room with one of the Kidz Praise leaders. Kidz Praise weaves together praise, prayer, scripture, music and art. Children return to the sanctuary just before the end of the adult service.
During the summer heat, we move our worship services to air-conditioned rooms in the Church. The 8:30 a.m. traditional and modern Sunday services are blended and meet in Sanner Chapel, which is accessible via three main doors on West Liberty Avenue. The 10:45 a.m. service is held in Asbury Center,which islocatedon the Church’s lower level and easily accessible from the parking lot.
Handicapped access is available from the parking lot through the side door clearly marked with the universal handicapped access sign.
There is a dual-level parking lot adjacent to the Church with clearly marked handicapped accessible spaces on the upper level. Overflow parking is available either on the street or in a lot directly across West Liberty Avenue behind Laughlin’s funeral home.
We are located at 3319 West Liberty Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15216, at the intersection of Scott Road and West Liberty. Check out our contact us page for directions.
all-day Family Promise @ Network/105, Bridges/104, Epworth/102, Resource/103, Wesley/107
Family Promise @ Network/105, Bridges/104, Epworth/102, Resource/103, Wesley/107
*Resource NOT available in August due to VBS issues
11:45 am Youth Choir @ choir room
Youth Choir @ choir room
Youth Choir returns for the 2020 year on 1/19/2020
2:00 pm PKMC Worship @ Sanner Chapel
PKMC Worship @ Sanner Chapel
Summer: Moving to Wesley
3:00 pm PKMC Fellowship @ Asbury Center
PKMC Fellowship @ Asbury Center
6:30 pm BSA Eagle Board of Review @ Epworth/102, Network/105, Wesley/107
BSA Eagle Board of Review @ Epworth/102, Network/105, Wesley/107
and Eagle Valley District Meeting
Feel the need to give now? Mount Lebanon United Methodist Church allows donations without checks or cash. Click "Give" below to donate or text MLUMC to 73256 to give using text messaging. Standard text messaging rates may apply.
"The Window" Newsletter
Homepage Stories
Mount Lebanon United Methodist Church
3319 West Liberty Ave. Pittsburgh, PA. 15216 | (412) 531-7131 | Contact Us
Mount Lebanon United Methodist Church All rights reserved.
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Stories From Patients & Staff
First-hand stories from our patients and staff
News from our projects
The latest news from our medical humanitarian programs
Statements & Opinion
Official statements from Médecins Sans Frontières, and Opinion-Editorials from our spokespeople.
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Resources for teachers and students
Understanding the Rohingya Refugee Crisis
More than 600,000 Rohingya refugees have fled violence in Myanmar to seek safety in Bangladesh since August 25, 2017. This exodus is just the most recent chapter of an ongoing crisis the Rohingya have lived for decades.
Video of Understanding the Rohingya Refugee Crisis
Rohingya: “This is still a population teetering on the edge.”
Rohingya lives at risk in Bangladesh
Bangladesh, Myanmar
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Médecins Sans Frontières Australia Ltd. ABN: 74 068 758 654. Registered Charity Number: CFN 11960.
All donations are processed in AUD. Donations over $2 are tax-deductible in Australia only.
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Chemistry—BS
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology—BS
Cheminformatics—BS
Pharmaceutical Chemistry—BS
Preprofessional Programs
First-Year Chemistry
Chemistry—MS, PhD
Chemistry Accelerated Master's (BS-MS)
Research and Labs
Tarun K. Dam
Emeriti Faculty
tkdam@mtu.edu
Chem Sci 510C
Associate Professor, Chemistry
Director, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (BMB) Program
PhD, University of Calcutta, India
Postdoctoral, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York
Faculty, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York
Antigen presenting cells (APCs) that protect our body from internal and external threats, express an array of glycan-binding proteins or lectins. These lectins recognize cancer antigens as well as the surface structures of pathogens and help immune cells interact with tumor cells and invading pathogens. Depending on certain factors, these interactions either help eliminate the detrimental pathogens and tumors (immunity) or lead to a tolerant environment where tumors and pathogens thrive (immune tolerance). The lab's main goal is to determine the mechanistic basis of the factors that regulate the balance between immunity and immune tolerance. Many pathogens also express glycan-binding proteins and use them for host invasion. We study the structure-function relationship of such pathogenic proteins. The findings of our research would potentially elucidate novel immunobiological pathways and help develop new drugs and vaccine strategies. The lab also works in the area of plant lectins. We use plant lectins as model and surrogate proteins to study the mechanistic basis of protein-glycan interaction, investigate the nutritional aspects of lectins from edible plants and are interested in developing novel detection and separation devices using plant lectins. Such devices would be useful for glycomics, glycoproteomics and various bio-analytical and bio- detection techniques.
Research Group Page
Michigan Technological University Academy of Teaching Excellence
Molecular basis of glycan (carbohydrate)-mediated biological functions
Glycan binding proteins or lectins
Glycan detection
Mechanistic glycobiology
Macromolecular communication
Biomolecular thermodynamics
Dam, T. K. and Brewer, C. F., Maintenance of cell surface glycan density by lectin-glycan interactions: a homeostatic and innate immune regulatory mechanism. Glycobiology 20, 1061-1064 (2010).
Dam, T. K. and Brewer, C. F., Lectins as pattern recognition molecules: the effects of epitope density in innate immunity. Glycobiology 20, 270-279 (2010).
Dam, T. K., Gerken, T. A. and Brewer, C. F. Thermodynamics of multivalent carbohydrate-lectin cross-linking interactions: importance of entropy in the bind and jump mechanism. Biochemistry, 48, 3822-3827 (2009).
Dam, T. K., Torres, M., Brewer, C. F. and Casadevall, A., Isothermal titration calorimetry reveals differential binding thermodynamics of variable region-identical antibodies differing in constant region for a univalent ligand. J. Biol. Chem. 283, 31366- 31370 (2008).
Dam, T. K., and Brewer, C. F., Effects of clustered epitopes in multivalent ligand- receptor interactions. Biochemistry, 47, 8470-8476 (2008).
Dam, T. K., Gerken, T. A., Cavada, B. S., Nascimento, K. S., Moura, T. R., and Brewer, C. F., Binding studies of a-GalNAc specific lectins to the a-GalNAc (Tn- antigen) form of porcine submaxillary mucin and its smaller fragments. J. Biol. Chem. 282, 28256-28263 (2007).
Dam, T. K. and Brewer, C. F. Fundamentals of lectin-carbohydrate interactions, in Comprehensive Glycoscience, (Kamerling, J. P., ed.), Elsevier Ltd., Vol. 3, pp. 397-452 (2007).
Chemical Sciences and Engineering Building
chemistry@mtu.edu
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Wisconsin appeals court restores laws from lame-duck session
The decision means that while the legal fight continues, the lame-duck laws will remain in place.
Wisconsin Gov. Tony Evers answered reporters questions at the State Capitol in Madison, Wisc., on March 21, 2019.Steve Apps / Wisconsin State Journal via AP
MADISON, Wis. — A Wisconsin appeals court has sided with Republicans and reinstated laws passed during a lame-duck legislative session that weaken powers of the Democratic governor and attorney general.
The 3rd District Court of Appeals on Wednesday put on hold a ruling made last week striking down the laws as unconstitutional.
GOP accused of power grab in Wisconsin, while North Carolina race in limbo after allegations of election fraud
Dec. 4, 201801:34
The appeals court decision means that while the legal fight continues, the lame-duck laws will remain in place.
Democratic Gov. Tony Evers took some actions while the ruling was in effect and the laws were not enforceable.
Evers rescinded 82 appointments made by Republicans during the lame-duck session. And Attorney General Josh Kaul moved to withdraw Wisconsin from a multistate lawsuit seeking repeal of Obamacare, the federal health care law.
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Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 1999 Aug;34(4):281-6.
High rate of non-albicans candidemia in Brazilian tertiary care hospitals.
Colombo AL1, Nucci M, Salomão R, Branchini ML, Richtmann R, Derossi A, Wey SB.
Division of Infectious Diseases, EPM-Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
In order to evaluate the epidemiology of candidemia in Brazil, we performed a prospective multicenter study conducted in six general hospitals from São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, We enrolled a total of 145 candidemic patients (85 males) with a median age of 32 years. Non-albicans species accounted for 63% of all episodes and the species most frequently causing candidemia were C. albicans (37%), C. parapsilosis (25%), C. tropicalis (24%), C. rugosa (5%), and C. glabrata (4%). Systemic azoles were used before the onset of candidemia in only six patients. There were no differences in the coexisting exposures or underlying diseases associated with the species most frequently causing candidemia. The overall crude mortality rate was 50%. Nosocomial candidemias in our tertiary hospitals are caused predominantly by non-albicans species, which are rarely fluconazole resistant. This predominance of non-albicans species could not be related to the previous use of azoles.
Multicenter Study
Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use
Brazil/epidemiology
Candida/classification*
Candida/isolation & purification
Candidiasis/drug therapy
Candidiasis/epidemiology
Candidiasis/etiology*
Community-Acquired Infections/epidemiology
Cross Infection/epidemiology
Fungemia/drug therapy
Fungemia/epidemiology
Fungemia/microbiology*
Infant, Newborn
Antifungal Agents
Yeast Infections - MedlinePlus Health Information
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Mon, 16 Mar 2015
Test Author
steve.ambrose@newburynews.co.uk
Picture Caption
WEST Berkshire anglers are calling for urgent action to improve water quality on the renowned River Kennet.The turbidity, or cloudiness, is caused by dirty canal water impacting on the famous chalk stream from Copse Lock at Hamstead Marshall and local...
WEST Berkshire anglers are calling for urgent action to improve water quality on the renowned River Kennet.
The turbidity, or cloudiness, is caused by dirty canal water impacting on the famous chalk stream from Copse Lock at Hamstead Marshall and local groups fear that unless the Environment Agency and the Canal and Rivers Trust address the issue urgently, the river habitat will decline to a point where it will not be possible to distinguish between canal and river.
The coloured water has severely limited the growth of important plants which provide habitat for fish and invertebrates and has restricted fish populations.
The groups says that a management plan for the river is short on practical suggestions about action and funding and that a suggestion to separate the canal and river between Copse Lock and Newbury, which had an estimated price tag of up to £15m, is something unlikely to be pursued.
National campaigns coordinator for the Angling Trust, Martin Salter, said: “I have fished the Kennet nearly all my life and it is nothing short of tragic to witness the decline of a huge part of this once world famous fishing river. If we can put a man on the moon and send a space probe to Mars then I’m sure we can find a way of stopping the silt and sediment from the murky waters of the Kennet and Avon Canal from screwing up what should be a crystal clear chalk stream.
I hope that with the support of our local MP and our catchment host organisation Action for the River Kennet, we can get some impetus behind finding a resolution to this long running issue.”
The groups want all possible solutions examined and have teamed up with Newbury MP Richard Benyon to find an answer.
Mr Benyon said: “Water quality and turbidity issues below the Copse Lock have blighted a long stretch of the Kennet for many years. I firmly support the determination of all parties to resolve this matter. The Kennet is a special area of conservation, a site of special scientific interest and one of the most precious eco systems in the south of England. Action for the River Kennet, the Angling Trust, The Canal and Rivers Trust, The Environment Agency and Riparian owners are now all pulling in the same direction. We can and must succeed.”
In 2013 the Angling Trust, along with ARK, WWF and other partners, launched the Charter for Chalk Streams which sought greater protection for these iconic rivers. For more information visit www.anglingtrust.net/chalkstreamcharter .
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Santosh Trophy south zone qualifiers: Kerala dismantle Andhra Prade...
SANTOSH TROPHY SOUTH ZONE QUALIFIERS: KERALA DISMANTLE ANDHRA PRADESH 5-0
Kozhikode: Kerala are off to a magnificent start to their Santosh Trophy south zone qualifiers dismantling Andhra Pradesh 5-0 at the Corporation Stadium here on Tuesday. The hosts Totally dominated the visitors and were leading 2-0 at half time. Wave after wave of Kerala attacks were too much for Andhra Pradesh to handle. Kerala opened the scoring through defender Vibin Thomas in the 44th minute. Two minutes later, it was 2-0. Leon Augustine wa...
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Synod document: New ministries can serve evangelization in Amazon
by Junno Arocho Esteves
Pope Francis attends the final session of the Synod of Bishops for the Amazon at the Vatican Oct. 26, 2019. Also pictured are Cardinal Lorenzo Baldisseri, secretary-general of the Synod of Bishops, and Cardinal Claudio Hummes, relator general of the synod. (CNS photo/Paul Haring)
VATICAN CITY (CNS) — To proclaim the Gospel message of hope, the Catholic Church in the Amazon must open new paths of evangelization in the region, including by instituting new ministries for lay men and women, the Synod of Bishops said.
The final document of the Synod of Bishops for the Amazon looked at ways the church can increase its ministry in the region, including by ordaining married men. But at the heart of the document was the need to bring the good news to the Amazon, a mission that includes safeguarding the indigenous people, cultures and land that are under constant threat of annihilation.
"The Amazon rainforest is a 'biological heart' for the increasingly threatened earth," said the final document, released Oct. 26 after synod members voted on it.
The Amazon, members said, is on "a rampant race to death. It is scientifically proven that the disappearance of the Amazon biome will have a catastrophic impact on the planet as a whole!"
The synod brought together 185 voting members — cardinals, bishops, 20 priests and one religious brother — and 80 experts and observers to discuss "new paths for the church and for an integral ecology."
All 120 paragraphs in the final document garnered the necessary two-thirds approval needed for passage. The Vatican said 181 synod members were present, so each paragraph needed 120 votes to pass.
The focus of the synod's final document was the call for the church to further its mission in proclaiming the Good News by uniting itself more to the people of the Amazon who, for decades, have suffered the consequences of humankind's greed.
At the synod, "We discovered that the mighty waters of the Spirit, similar to those of the Amazon River, which periodically overflow, lead us to this overflowing life that God offers us to share in the announcement" of the Gospel," the document said.
The document underscores the crucial role of Amazonian ecosystems in regulating the global climate and as an important source of fresh water that "connects ecosystems, cultures, and the development of the territory."
The Amazon faces environmental threats that make it "a wounded and deformed beauty, a place of suffering and violence," the bishops wrote. Violence against nature, in the form of rampant extraction of resources, unsustainable development and climate change, also have "serious social consequences."
To bring greater awareness and responsibility to the universal church, the synod document proposed a definition of ecological sin as an act of commission or omission against God, against one's neighbor, the community, and the environment."
The document also proposed the creation of "special ministries for the care of our 'common home'" that would promote ways of caring for the environment "at the parish level."
The synod called on all Christians to show their awareness of the value of God's creation by countering the current "culture of excessive consumption" through recycling, reducing their use of fossil fuels and plastic, as well as by reducing their consumption of meat and fish.
In proposing new pathways of ecological conversion, synod members stressed the importance of integral ecology, in which safeguarding nature and ensuring justice for "the most impoverished and disadvantaged on earth" are "intrinsically united."
"The future of the Amazon is in the hands of us all, but it depends mainly on our immediately abandoning the current model that is destroying the forest, not bringing well-being and endangering this immense natural treasure and its guardians," the document said.
The discussions that took place in the synod, the document said, also offered bishops an opportunity to reflect "on how to structure the local churches" in order to address the needs of a "church with an Amazonian face."
Marcivana Rodrigues Paiva, representing the Satere-Mawe indigenous people in Brazil, carries a plant in the offertory procession as Pope Francis celebrates the concluding Mass of the Synod of Bishops for the Amazon at the Vatican Oct. 27, 2019. (CNS photo/Paul Haring)
Among those ways are new ministries and roles for the laity, including "in consultation or decision-making in the life and mission of the church."
To increase the Church's presence in areas that lack priests, the document proposed that bishops entrust "the exercise of the pastoral care of the communities to a person not invested" with the priesthood for "a specific period of time."
However, "the priest, with the power and faculty of the parish priest, is always responsible for the community," the document said.
Synod members asked for further discussion on the idea of women deacons, but approved several paragraphs in the document insisting that their role in leading Catholic communities be recognized and that "the voice of women can be heard, they are consulted and participate in decision-making" in the church.
The final document also emphasized the importance of the Eucharist as "the source and summit of all Christian life." However, it acknowledged that a lack of priests means Catholics in the Amazon have only sporadic access to the Eucharist, reconciliation and anointing of the sick.
While highlighting the gift of celibacy in the Catholic Church and the need for celibate priests in the region, the document proposed the ordination of "suitable and esteemed men of the community, who have had a fruitful permanent diaconate and receive an adequate formation for the priesthood, having a legitimately constituted and stable family."
Although the paragraph regarding the proposal for ordaining married was approved, it received the least amount of support among those who voted, with 128 in favor and 41 opposed.
The final document also spoke of the "elaboration of an Amazonian rite," as several synod members had proposed. The bishops voted to ask for a special post-synodal commission of bishops to be tasked with studying the idea.
Citing the Second Vatican Council's Dogmatic Constitution on the Church document, "Lumen Gentium," the final document said that the proposed rite would express "the liturgical, theological, disciplinary and spiritual patrimony of the Amazon" in a way similar to the Eastern Catholic churches.
However, in his address following the vote on the final document Oct. 26, the pope reminded synod members that the creation of an Amazonian rite "is within the competence of the Congregation for Divine Worship and can be done according to the appropriate criteria."
After the votes were cast, Pope Francis told synod participants that he hoped to publish a post-synodal exhortation "before the end of the year so that not too much time has passed."
"A word from the pope about what he has lived in the synod may do some good," the pope said. "It all depends on how much time I have to think."
Contributing to this story were Barbara J. Fraser and Cindy Wooden at the Vatican.
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Computer Vision Syndrome: What Is It, and How Long Does It Last?
Home » Conditions » Computer Vision Syndrome: What Is It, and How Long Does It Last?
What Is Computer Vision Syndrome?
Symptoms Associated
Preventing and Treatment
Computer vision syndrome (CVS) is a condition caused by using digital displays — including computer monitors, laptops, tablets, e-readers, and smartphones — for too long without a break, without blinking enough, at an improper distance, or before sleep. (Learn More) Symptoms include dry eyes and headaches, along with other kinds of strain that lead to overall fatigue. (Learn More)
While you can make the recommended lifestyle and environmental changes recommended for CVS without a diagnosis, an optometrist or ophthalmologist will be able to tell you if CVS is impacting your vision, making a refraction error worse (like temporary myopia), and what else you can do about it, like using special blue light-filtering glasses or attending visual therapy sessions to protect your eyes. (Learn More)
Computer vision syndrome (CVS) has an ominous ring because it is a serious type of repetitive strain injury that affects your vision, along with other aspects of your physical health. The condition is also called digital eye strain. It involves eye, head, and neck discomfort associated with using computers, tablets, smartphones, or e-readers that emit specific frequencies of blue light, using the eyes in specific patterns like reading left to right repeatedly, and trying to focus on bright objects that may be too small or too far away, like text on a small screen. Using digital screens for extended periods of time without enough rest for the eyes leads to strain, discomfort, pain, and vision problems, among other symptoms.
The average American worker spends seven hours a day in front of a screen of some kind — at work, during transit, and at home. Much of this screen is white collar labor, but increasingly, communication with loved ones and hobbies like games involve using a digital screen too.
Using digital screens puts a particular type of strain on the eyes that reading and writing tasks without computers do not. With digital screens becoming increasingly important parts of our lives, it is equally important to know the symptoms of CVS and how to reduce the impact this kind of strain has on your vision.
Reading words on a computer screen is a different experience than reading printed words on a page. Digital screens emit blue light, which is brighter and more intense than the yellow spectrum of light associated with daylight or some types of lightbulbs. Letters on a computer screen are not as defined as those on a printed page, and the contrast may be reduced; for example, a website may have a gray tinted background with darker gray letters, which could lead to eye strain. Glare on the screen from bright lights or reflections on the screen may make it harder to stare at the screen when you need to look at the text or images for a longer period of time.
The distance between your eyes and your computer may contribute to an increased risk of computer vision syndrome. While you can safely hold a newspaper, magazine, or notebook closer to your face to see what you’re doing, the viewing range that is safe and effective for a computer screen is different. Your chair or desk may be at the wrong height for you, which contributes to difficulty seeing. It can also add to other types of physical strain like neck or shoulder tension, which increases muscle tension elsewhere, including around your eyes. The back-and-forth motion of your eyes across a screen can be very repetitive, leading to specific muscle strain.
Finally, if you do not get regular vision exams to manage existing eye problems, or you have an undiagnosed eye condition affecting your vision, struggling to read words on a computer screen can make eye strain worse.
Symptoms Associated With Computer Vision Syndrome
If you spend two or more consecutive hours in front of a computer per day, you may develop computer vision syndrome (CVS). Common symptoms of computer vision syndrome include the following:
Neck and shoulder pain related to head and eye tension
Some people may experience dizziness, motion sickness, or tiredness after working with a digital screen for too long. There are several potential causes of these symptoms, including:
Poor lighting in the room.
Glare from the digital screen.
Improper viewing distance, either too close or too far away.
Poor seated posture.
Uncorrected vision problems.
Blinking less than normal.
Often, CVS results from a combination of these issues. Your seat may cause you to tilt forward, you may be sitting in too dark a room, and a refractive error like nearsightedness may be getting worse, for example. Many people who stare intently at what they are working on do not blink enough, and this appears to be a very common cause of dry eye and eye strain among those using bright digital displays. The average healthy eye should blink 15 times per minute, but people who use computers or laptops are likely to blink a third as often while they are working.
Reading, writing, or performing close activities like sewing can also cause eye strain, but computer vision syndrome is unique in both causes and daily impact. With smaller, portable screens being used more often, you may add additional strain to your eyes, neck, head, and shoulders by viewing tablets or phones at uncomfortable angles.
How Is Computer Vision Syndrome Diagnosed?
To determine if you suffer from CVS, your optometrist will conduct a few tests.
Patient history assessment: This will help your eye doctor understand your current level of screen use, your experience of vision problems, and any underlying health issues you may have.
Visual acuity measurements: This includes the Snellen chart and other types of tests to determine your overall eye health and what might contribute to your eye strain.
Refraction tests: These help your eye doctor determine your prescription, which can help them make recommendations about computer and other screen use to reduce the impact on your visual acuity.
Eye focus tests: These are used to see how well your eyes focus on objects near and far, and to determine how the eyes move together.
Risks From Untreated CVS
Most symptoms associated with CVS are temporary, and they go away a few hours after you stop using the digital screen. If problems leading to consistent eye strain are not resolved, repeated experience of these issues can lead to reduced visual acuity after stopping work on the screen, and this may get worse.
A study found that most people who used flat screens as video display units (VDUs) reported eye symptoms of some type, which could lead to eye strain, including CVS. Of the 116 participants, 72 percent reported eye symptoms after using flat screens for an extended period; 23 percent reported moderate to severe symptoms, indicating that eye strain lasted after using the screens and impacted their life. Symptom frequency included:
14 percent reported tired eyes.
12 percent reported sensitivity to bright light.
10 percent reported blurry vision in the distance (temporary myopia).
9 percent reported dry eye, irritated or burning eyes, or other eye strain.
8 percent reported difficulty refocusing from one distance to another or experiencing a headache
About 4 percent reported blurry vision at close or intermediate distances (temporary hyperopia).
Another study found that about 20 percent of regular computer users experienced transient myopia, or temporary nearsightedness, after an extended period of using their computers. This is caused by accommodative problems involving the middle structures of the eye, like the lens, and surrounding eye muscles, which are overworked to focus on the specific task in front of you. Other problems can be caused by ocular surface mechanisms. Extended periods of suffering from dry eyes due to not blinking enough can increase irritation and inflammation, which may trigger further conditions including uveitis.
Poor sleep quality and insomnia are other issues associated with digital eye strain. One study found that 80 percent of Americans report using digital devices, including television, at least an hour before going to bed. The blue light emitted from such devices can trigger a stronger sense of wakefulness in the brain, which reduces the ability to fall asleep or stay asleep. About 55 percent of people use some kind of digital screen within an hour after they wake up, which contributes to a higher risk of eye strain throughout the day.
Preventing and Treating Computer Vision Syndrome Involves Lifestyle Adjustments
Changes to underlying vision problems (from refractive errors like farsightedness or myopia), inadequate focusing in the eyes or eye coordination problems, and aging eyes, including the development of presbyopia, can all contribute to an increased risk of strain when using a computer for a lengthy period of time.
One method of preventing this type of eye strain is the 20-20-20 Rule. Work on a digital screen for 20 minutes, then take a break for 20 seconds, preferably looking at something 20 feet away. You should also adjust the level of your screen in relation to your eyes, along with how your workspace is set up, to reduce the overall strain on your body, not just your eyesight. Sitting about arm’s length, or 25 inches, from your computer screen is the recommended safety distance.
Antiglare screens can help to reduce or prevent CVS, and making sure the light level in the room around your workspace is appropriate can also help to manage eye strain. When you use a computer screen for a long time, you may not blink enough because you are concentrating on your work. This can lead to dry eye, which may be temporary. On a long-term basis, it can cause irritation and inflammation of the eye.
Take short breaks to blink. Apply eye drops if your eyes feel too dry, itchy, or irritated. If you have chronic dry eye, you may consider using a humidifier for the room.
If prevention methods are not enough, and you are sure you have the correct prescription for glasses or contact lenses, you may need to ask about special lens designs. There are specific lenses for glasses that reduce the amount of blue light from computer screens that hits your eyes, which can reduce eye strain and improve sleep because it does not impact the circadian rhythm as much after dark.
If you follow your optometrist’s instructions and have made lifestyle changes to manage computer vision syndrome but are still struggling with pain, blurry vision, and dry eye, you may need to undergo visual therapy called vision training. This is a structured program that teaches you routines and exercises to improve your visual abilities, especially while you work.
Computer Vision Syndrome. American Optometric Association (AOA).
Computers, Digital Devices and Eye Strain. (March 1, 2016). American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO).
Understanding and Preventing Computer Vision Syndrome. (December 31, 2008). Malaysian Family Physician.
Eyestrain: Overview. (October 18, 2018). Mayo Clinic.
Visual and Ocular Effects From the Use of Flat-Panel Displays. (June 18, 2016). International Journal of Ophthalmology. Digital Eye Strain. The Vision Council.
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Home > Sport
Dominant day: Black Caps pour pressure on England
23 Nov, 2019 6:15pm 4 minutes to read
Kenworthy, Clark, Watson exemplify Bay batting depth
Rugby: Ian Foster's planned dream team that could settle All Blacks coaching race
23 Nov, 2019 7:00pm
Scott Robertson has spoken of his disappointment at hearing Tony Brown had decided to support Jamie Joseph in his push to be the next All Blacks coach, but conceded: "I appreciate it was a tough call for him to make to me".
By: Liam Napier
Liam Napier is a sports writer for NZME
Liam.Napier@nzherald.co.nz
As contenders for the All Blacks head coaching job dwindle by the day, attention will soon turn to not just those who remain, but their scramble to assemble compelling running teams.
Over the next three weeks, Ian Foster and Scott Robertson are expected to engage in a head-to-head battle to replace Steve Hansen.
Before embarking on their respective interviews, the behind-the-scenes chess game of pulling together coaching teams is well underway.
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New Zealand Rugby made it clear the decision to appoint the next All Blacks head coach will be swayed by the collection of assistant coaches as much as it will the new lead man.
With Jamie Joseph, Tony Brown, Dave Rennie and Warren Gatland all now committed elsewhere, this is where permutations get interesting.
Hurricanes coach John Plumtree is believed to have emerged as one key target.
From Wales to Ireland, South Africa, Japan and Wellington, Plumtree is a vastly experienced mentor who has enjoyed success in both head coaching and assistant capacities.
Alongside Chris Boyd, he led the Hurricanes to their maiden title in 2016 as defence coach. Under Plumtree's guidance, that season the Hurricanes did not concede a try in three successive playoff matches.
Ian Foster. Photo / Photosport.co.nz
The 54-year-old former Taranaki loose forward/lock is a tough taskmaster who also held the forwards coaching brief previously – notably under Joe Schmidt with Ireland from 2013-14.
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Sources have indicated to the Herald that Foster may try uniting Plumtree and Schmidt to join Scott McLeod on his ticket.
While Ireland failed to progress beyond the quarterfinals of two World Cups under Schmidt, they did rise to be recognised as the world's best team last year and the Kiwi mentor remains widely respected for his tactical knowledge of the game.
Despite his next move being the subject of constant speculation, Schmidt is notoriously guarded with his intentions.
At this point he has only said he intends to remain in Ireland to take a break from the game until June – a timeframe that would, potentially, leave him free to join the All Blacks coaching ranks for their next test series in July.
Nothing is set in stone, and cards remain close to chests, but the fact Plumtree and Schmidt have worked together previously would give symmetry to Foster's potential coaching team.
Former All Blacks prop Greg Feek, who worked as Ireland scrum coach for five years, is another potential recruit.
Details about Robertson's team are, at this stage, more difficult to ascertain. He is expected to bring Crusaders forwards coach Jason Ryan through, and is believed to have approached Blues coach Leon MacDonald about joining him.
Crusaders coach Scott Robertson. Photo / Photosport.co.nz
MacDonald played a leading role in Robertson's coaching team during his first Super Rugby season as the Crusaders broke their nine-year title drought.
MacDonald then moved back to Tasman, but recently appeared to rule himself out of contention by stating publicly his focus is solely on the Blues.
If Robertson, Plumtree or MacDonald were to join the All Blacks, the Crusaders, Hurricanes and Blues face the prospect of being told mid-December their coach won't be returning post-Christmas.
That's far from ideal six weeks out from the start of their season but another byproduct of the process to replace Hansen playing out at this time.
Former Blues coach Pat Lam has, meanwhile, revealed he knocked back the opportunity to apply for the All Blacks job.
Lam, along with 26 other candidates, received an invitation from NZR head of high performance Mike Anthony on October 29 – three days after the All Blacks semifinal loss to England – outlining the process to apply.
Having signed a four-year contract extension as Bristol director of rugby in May through to 2023, Lam opted not to contest the role.
"I received a letter inviting me to apply for the role but I pretty much replied straight away and respectfully declined because I'm in a dream job," Lam said.
"I'm very happy with what I'm doing here. I couldn't be in a better place at the moment as I continue to grow as a coach.
"There's obviously clear candidates. Fozzie is there as front-runner and my good mate Razor has done a fantastic job.
"There's a lot of good New Zealand coaches everywhere. The process doesn't look too different to ones I knew about when I was down there. You can't complain about that and at the end of the day they'll get the right man for the job."
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Whanganui Regional Museum lecture: What are museums good for?
2 Nov, 2019 5:00am
Professor Conal McCarthy will deliver the 2019 Samuel Drew Lecture in Whanganui.
Prepare to hear awkward questions about museums and their future at this year's Samuel Drew Lecture in Whanganui.
Professor Conal McCarthy, director of the Museum and Heritage Studies Programme at the Stout Research Centre, Victoria University of Wellington, will deliver the 2019 lecture: "What are museums good for? Learning from the history, theory and practice of museology."
Every November the Whanganui Regional Museum holds the Samuel Drew Lecture, which honours its founder and first director, and this year it's invited McCarthy to speak.
He is a museum academic who likes to ask awkward questions about museums. The issues that he raises are relevant to Whanganui's museum and its future, and its relationship to Whanganui town and region.
"What do professionals do in contemporary museums, and why does it matter? What are museums good for anyway? Do they contribute to cultural understanding, help the economy, or improve people's lives? Are they containers of valuable collections, beacons of public education or agents of social change?
"Thinking beyond the immediate benefits of the stuff that museums contain. Preserving the past, appreciating art and learning about science. What do museums actually do in society? What is their role and function? How can we assess that impact, or measure the difference they make?"
McCarthy's illustrated lecture will consider these questions in light of debates about the future of museums, galleries and heritage - and who pays for them and why. In considering the question of value, there are many lessons from museum history and theory, in New Zealand and around the world, as well as current professional policy and practice.
McCarthy argues that more research is needed, not only on what is in museums, but how and why they matter, how those objects are collected, managed, cared for, exhibited, interpreted and understood by audiences, and why all that matters for society at large.
The Samuel Drew Lecture is at 5.30pm on Friday, November 8, at the Davis Theatre, Whanganui Regional Museum, Watt St. Entry is free and refreshments will be available.
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7 Ways You Know You’re In Love With Someone Other Than Your Lover - The Good Men Project
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I Fell In Love With My Husband When We Were Both Married (To Other People) | A Practical Wedding
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Home » Job hopping: the latest trend in the global labor market
Job hopping: the latest trend in the global labor market
Silvia Castro Betancourt
This article was written and published in Spanish and has been translated into English. Click here to read the original article.
An indefinite contract, one month of summer vacations and 14 annual payments has been the dream of any worker for many years. This job stability so longed for by anyone's parents and grandparents is far from the aspirations of the current market participants, however, where a new profile of restless professional known as the 'job hopper' predominates.
The job hopping or frequent change of work is more common than imagined, especially among millennials. According to a study by LinkedIn, members of the so-called Generation X change jobs much more often than their parents. In fact, a survey published by The Guardian indicates that 90% of these young people will change jobs before five years. Even 1 in 3 says it will be before two years.
There are many theories about why this revolution of employment change is taking place. IMF Business School has identified the three most common factors:
Age is one of the main reasons why millennials decide to change jobs more easily. These young people have fewer responsibilities and family responsibilities than other colleagues with more years of experience. This advantage allows them to move from one position to another without fear of being away from their home or their children's school.
Other variables that play in favor of 'job hopping' is salary. This job profile looks for a higher position in the new job since it is often accompanied by a salary increase. In effect, the economic factor is a strong argument to justify the change. A study by Randstad on 'Employer Branding' states that wages remain the main factor when choosing a company to work for.
And, finally, the desire to undertake. This generation has strongly broken into the business sector and, even, there are studies that call them 'millennipreneurs'. Their short experience has not prevented them from starting up twice as many companies as professionals with more than 50 years, generating 43% more business volume, figures that are extracted from the BNP Paribas Global Entrepreneur Report 2016 study, in which 2,600 entrepreneurs from 18 countries in Asia, Europe and the United States participated.
Whatever the cause, the trend does not stop growing and has caused many professionals of any age to wonder when it is time to change jobs. Unfortunately, there is no formula, nor a fixed calendar, because the decision depends on the worker's own needs and ambitions.
For Carlos Martínez, president of IMF Business School, "Changing jobs often inside or outside the company is not an error, it enriches the worker, even for companies, this tendency to work mobility can become a requirement. For this reason, from school we advise our students to be transparent in job interviews and not to hide if they are a job hopper, since it is more important to explain why they have changed their jobs than how often they have to do it. We have been in jobs where we were not comfortable, but we are worried about leaving it too early for fear of showing job instability in our curriculum, but, on the contrary, this fact helps us to have a broad curriculum rich in experiences."
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The Evolution of Industry 4.0, Through the Eyes of the PCB Manufacturer
Industry 4.0 – known to some as the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), or Smart Factory –promises to transform the manufacturing and production infrastructure in profound ways. Its name derives from its potential to usher in the fourth industrial revolution – a bold objective when one considers the magnitude of the revolutions in steam power, assembly line production, and computer automation that preceded it.
Much has been written about the envisioned technology framework that will enable Industry 4.0 to be fully realized. This effort has required a complete rethink of legacy production processes, and is accelerating the transition from analog, centralized workflows to digital, decentralized production processes. The ultimate end goal of this digitalization effort is to create autonomous “cyber physical” production systems via which customer orders will be able to steer themselves throughout the supply chain and manufacturing processes with little to no human intervention. This new framework will enable breakthrough gains in production efficiency and agility, boost overall yield, and lower production costs substantially.
We have a long way to go before this vision is achieved, but continued innovations in manufacturing automation, sensor technology, the IoT, and big data analytics are accelerating the Industry 4.0 transformation. Key to this effort is the ability to source, aggregate and analyze production data at real-time speed, with end-to-end, pinpoint-precision visibility into the production line. Production data must be shared at every point across the manufacturing line, and harnessed in a manner whereby high value data can be readily understood and acted upon immediately.
Orbotech’s role as a provider of automated manufacturing equipment gives us unique insight into these processes, particularly when it comes to the production of printed circuit boards (PCBs). Widely regarded as the fundamental building blocks of electronic devices, PCB production provides a good window into the technological evolution that’s now underway on the path to Industry 4.0. Among our observations and recommendations:
Quickly extract the most valuable data. PCB manufacturers often struggle to make sense of the huge amounts of data flooding in from a multitude of sources across the factory floor, particularly when there’s wide variance among the data attributes than need to be analyzed. By leveraging an integrated network of manufacturing and IT systems that can seamlessly share data and parse and assess all known data parameters in real time, PCB manufacturers can more quickly extract the valuable data they need to make more informed decisions. Digital processes such as direct imaging, inspection, laser drilling and legend digital printing are accurately measuring and inspecting the PCB panels in different production stages. The capability to extract and to understand the relevant data from the vast amount of data attributes supports intelligent analysis capabilities that allows the PCB fabricator to make smart decisions on process improvements
Real-time, high-precision inspection shortens decision making cycles and improves yield. If repeated defects in the PCBs aren’t detected quickly and accurately, hundreds of processed panels may ultimately need to be scrapped – this is wasteful and expensive. Automated Optical Inspection (AOI) systems can help eliminate this issue by quickly identifying recurring defects and localized defect distribution, alerting the manufacturer in real time to halt the line and/or troubleshoot the preceding processes such as etching or environmental conditions. Using direct imaging (DI) systems,
PCB manufacturers can quickly identify and measure panel dimension instability, such as stretching, and make the necessary image adjustments. Over time, these measurements can be averaged together to better plan the production parameters and materials used for later batches.
Track everything. Product recalls are a fact of life, affecting everything from baby cribs to automobiles to artificial hearts. But recalls are expensive and they needn’t be so prevalent. In the
electronic devices domain, it’s far more cost effective in the long run to implement RFID and 2D barcode tracking at the PCB panel level to ensure that every PCB can be traced throughout the production process, identifying when, where and how the PCB was handled, at every single touchpoint. With a complete record of the production process, defective PCBs can be identified and isolated early – long before they’re built into the end device.
PCB manufacturers are of course just one subset of the manufacturing community, but the core concepts that underpin these best practices are widely applicable, and can provide manufacturers with the intelligence they need to make faster, better decisions. Looking ahead to the future, decision making responsibilities will increasingly be transferred from humans to machines, and the frictionless,
omni-directional flow of data across the supply chain and factory floors will enable the real-time responsiveness and agility that make Industry 4.0 a reality.
Author: Shavi Spinzi, Industry Marketing Director, PCB Division, Orbotech
Published by: Evaluation Engineering
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Homes rebuilt after Camp Fire to be exempt from…
Homes rebuilt after Camp Fire to be exempt from new solar panel requirement
The governor signed bill into law on Friday
By Camille von Kaenel | cvonkaenel@chicoer.com |
PUBLISHED: September 9, 2019 at 11:00 am | UPDATED: September 9, 2019 at 11:00 am
SACRAMENTO — A state requirement that all new homes be built with solar panels will be temporarily waived for those rebuilding after catastrophic wildfires or floods following legislation signed by Gov. Gavin Newsom on Friday.
The first-in-the-nation mandate, set to apply to nearly all new home construction starting on Jan. 1, 2020, is part of the state’s goal to rely on cleaner energy. State Sen. Brian Dahle, R-Bieber, spearheaded the legislation to exempt post-disaster rebuilding efforts because he was concerned the requirement would lead to prohibitive upfront costs.
Those who lost a home in a fire or a flood where a state of emergency was declared before Jan. 1, 2020 will be exempt from the mandate if they rebuild before Jan. 1, 2023. The exemption is geared towards Camp Fire survivors, who live in an area where the median household income is well below the statewide average.
Energy officials estimate that the requirement for the solar panels could add $10,000 to $15,000 to the cost of building a single-family home. They estimate that the savings from lower utility bills would offset those costs over the 30 year life-span of the panels.
“Many of our communities in California that have been devastated by catastrophic fires and floods, particularly the people of Paradise, are desperate to get their lives back on track and to rebuild their homes,” Newsom said in a signing statement on Assembly Bill 178. The exemption, he said, should “hasten” that effort.
Camp Fire recovery rebuilding with bigger homes in Paradise
California to redistribute trailers used for staff in Camp Fire response to homeless
FEMA may sell temporary housing units to occupants
FEMA to bill wildfire victims if PG&E doesn’t pay $4B
Replanting trees in Camp Fire footprint to begin in early spring
“I support the efforts to rebuild our communities as expediently as possible,” Newsom added. “However, I encourage all Californians — including those who are rebuilding in these communities — to strongly consider incorporating solar. Homes built with solar are more resilient to power outages, have increased value, save the homeowner more than $15,000 in energy costs over 30 years, and combat climate change by contributing to California’s clean energy economy.”
Dahle called worrying about complying with the new mandate “added, unnecessary stress” for people who’ve already gone through the trauma of losing a home.
Assemblyman James Gallagher, R-Yuba City, who was a principal co-author of the bill, said the exemption would provide “much-needed relief” at a time “when the housing crisis is already driving up building costs.”
The town of Paradise has said it expects to issue 500 building permits by the end of the year. Combined, the town and Butte County have issued 233 permits to date.
Police chief leaving Oroville for Chico
Camille von Kaenel
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Home / Orwell / Essays and other works / My Country Right or Left
My Country Right or Left
This material remains under copyright and is reproduced by kind permission of the Orwell Estate and Penguin Books.
Contrary to popular belief, the past was not more eventful than the present. If it seems so it is because when you look backward things that happened years apart are telescoped together, and because very few of your memories come to you genuinely virgin. It is largely because of the books, films and reminiscences that have come between that the war of 1914-18 is now supposed to have had some tremendous, epic quality that the present one lacks.
But if you were alive during that war, and if you disentangle your real memories from their later accretions, you find that it was not usually the big events that stirred you at the time. I don’t believe that the Battle of the Marne, for instance, had for the general public the melodramatic quality that it was afterwards given. I do not ever remember hearing the phrase ‘Battle of the Marne’ till years later. It was merely that the Germans were twenty-two miles from Paris — and certainly that was terrifying enough, after the Belgian atrocity stories — and then for some reason they had turned back. I was eleven when the war started. If I honestly sort out my memories and disregard what I have learned since, I must admit that nothing in the whole war moved me so deeply as the loss of the Titanic had done a few years earlier. This comparatively petty disaster shocked the whole world, and the shock has not quite died away even yet. I remember the terrible, detailed accounts read out at the breakfast table (in those days it was a common habit to read the newspaper aloud), and I remember that in all the long list of horrors the one that most impressed me was that at the last the Titanic suddenly up-ended and sank bow foremost, so that the people clinging to the stern were lifted no less than three hundred feet into the air before they plunged into the abyss. It gave me a sinking sensation in the belly which I can still all but feel. Nothing in the war ever gave me quite that sensation.
Of the outbreak of war I have three vivid memories which, being petty and irrelevant, are uninfluenced by anything that has come later. One is of the cartoon of the ‘German Emperor’ (I believe the hated name ‘Kaiser’ was not popularized till a little later) that appeared in the last days of July. People were mildly shocked by this guying of royalty (‘But he’s such a handsome man, really!’) although we were on the edge of war. Another is of the time when the army commandeered all the horses in our little country town, and a cabman burst into tears in the market-place when his horse, which had worked for him for years, was taken away from him. And another is of a mob of young men at the railway station, scrambling for the evening papers that had just arrived on the London train. And I remember the pile of peagreen papers (some of them were still green in those days), the high collars, the tightish trousers and the bowler hats, far better than I can remember the names of the terrific battles that were already raging on the French frontier.
Of the middle years of the war, I remember chiefly the square shoulders, bulging calves and jingling spurs of the artillerymen, whose uniform I much preferred to that of the infantry. As for the final period, if you ask me to say truthfully what is my chief memory, I must answer simply — margarine. It is an instance of the horrible selfishness of children that by 1917 the war had almost ceased to affect us, except through our stomachs. In the school library a huge map of the Western Front was pinned on an easel, with a red silk thread running across on a zig-zag of drawing-pins. Occasionally the thread moved half an inch this way or that, each movement meaning a pyramid of corpses. I paid no attention. I was at school among boys who were above the average level of intelligence, and yet I do not remember that a single major event of the time appeared to us in its true significance. The Russian Revolution, for instance, made no impression, except on the few whose parents happened to have money invested in Russia. Among the very young the pacifist reaction had set in long before the war ended. To be as slack as you dared on O.T.C. parades, and to take no interest in the war was considered a mark of enlightenment. The young officers who had come back, hardened by their terrible experience and disgusted by the attitude of the younger generation to whom this experience meant just nothing, used to lecture us for our softness. Of course they could produce no argument that we were capable of understanding. They could only bark at you that war was ‘a good thing’, it ‘made you tough’, ‘kept you fit’, etc. etc. We merely sniggered at them. Ours was the one-eyed pacifism that is peculiar to sheltered countries with strong navies. For years after the war, to have any knowledge of or interest in military matters, even to know which end of a gun the bullet comes out of, was suspect in ‘enlightened’ circles. 1914-18 was written off as a meaningless slaughter, and even the men who had been slaughtered were held to be in some way to blame. I have often laughed to think of that recruiting poster, ‘What did you do in the Great War, daddy?’ (a child is asking this question of its shame-stricken father), and of all the men who must have been lured into the army by just that poster and afterwards despised by their children for not being Conscientious Objectors.
But the dead men had their revenge after all. As the war fell back into the past, my particular generation, those who had been ‘just too young’, became conscious of the vastness of the experience they had missed. You felt yourself a little less than a man, because you had missed it. I spent the years 1922-7 mostly among men a little older than myself who had been through the war. They talked about it unceasingly, with horror, of course, but also with a steadily growing nostalgia. You can see this nostalgia perfectly clearly in the English war-books. Besides, the pacifist reaction was only a phase, and even the ‘just too young’ had all been trained for war. Most of the English middle class are trained for war from the cradle onwards, not technically but morally. The earliest political slogan I can remember is ‘We want eight (eight dreadnoughts) and we won’t wait’. At seven years old I was a member of the Navy League and wore a sailor suit with ‘H.M.S. Invincible’ on my cap. Even before my public-school O.T.C. I had been in a private-school cadet corps. On and off, I have been toting a rifle ever since I was ten, in preparation not only for war but for a particular kind of war, a war in which the guns rise to a frantic orgasm of sound, and at the appointed moment you clamber out of the trench, breaking your nails on the sandbags, and stumble across mud and wire into the machine-gun barrage. I am convinced that part of the reason for the fascination that the Spanish Civil War had for people of about my age was that it was so like the Great War. At certain moments Franco was able to scrape together enough aeroplanes to raise the war to a modern level, and these were the turning-points. But for the rest it was a bad copy of 1914-18, a positional war of trenches, artillery, raids, snipers, mud, barbed wire, lice and stagnation. In early 1937 the bit of the Aragon front that I was on must have been very like a quiet sector in France in 1915. It was only the artillery that was lacking. Even on the rare occasions when all the guns in Huesca and outside it were firing simultaneously, there were only enough of them to make a fitful unimpressive noise like the ending of a thunderstorm. The shells from Franco’s six-inch guns crashed loudly enough, but there were never more than a dozen of them at a time. I know that what I felt when I first heard artillery fired ‘in anger’, as they say, was at least partly disappointment. It was so different from the tremendous, unbroken roar that my senses had been waiting for for twenty years.
I don’t quite know in what year I first knew for certain that the present war was coming. After 1936, of course, the thing was obvious to anyone except an idiot. For several years the coming war was a nightmare to me, and at times I even made speeches and wrote pamphlets against it. But the night before the Russo-German pact was announced I dreamed that the war had started. It was one of those dreams which, whatever Freudian inner meaning they may have, do sometimes reveal to you the real state of your feelings. It taught me two things, first, that I should be simply relieved when the long-dreaded war started, secondly, that I was patriotic at heart, would not sabotage or act against my own side, would support the war, would fight in it if possible. I came downstairs to find the newspaper announcing Ribbentrop’s flight to Moscow.[1] So war was coming, and the Government, even the Chamberlain Government, was assured of my loyalty. Needless to say this loyalty was and remains merely a gesture. As with almost everyone I know, the Government has flatly refused to employ me in any capacity whatever, even as a clerk or a private soldier. But that does not alter one’s feelings. Besides, they will be forced to make use of us sooner or later.
If I had to defend my reasons for supporting the war, I believe I could do so. There is no real alternative between resisting Hitler and surrendering to him, and from a Socialist point of view I should say that it is better to resist; in any case I can see no argument for surrender that does not make nonsense of the Republican resistance in Spain, the Chinese resistance to Japan, etc. etc. But I don’t pretend that that is the emotional basis of my actions. What I knew in my dream that night was that the long drilling in patriotism which the middle classes go through had done its work, and that once England was in a serious jam it would be impossible for me to sabotage. But let no one mistake the meaning of this. Patriotism has nothing to do with conservatism. It is devotion to something that is changing but is felt to be mystically the same, like the devotion of the ex-White Bolshevik to Russia. To be loyal both to Chamberlain’s England and to the England of tomorrow might seem an impossibility, if one did not know it to be an everyday phenomenon. Only revolution can save England, that has been obvious for years, but now the revolution has started, and it may proceed quite quickly if only we can keep Hitler out. Within two years, maybe a year, if only we can hang on, we shall see changes that will surprise the idiots who have no foresight. I dare say the London gutters will have to run with blood. All right, let them, if it is necessary. But when the red militias are billeted in the Ritz I shall still feel that the England I was taught to love so long ago for such different reasons is somehow persisting.
I grew up in an atmosphere tinged with militarism, and afterwards I spent five boring years within the sound of bugles. To this day it gives me a faint feeling of sacrilege not to stand to attention during ‘God save the King’. That is childish, of course, but I would sooner have had that kind of upbringing than be like the left-wing intellectuals who are so ‘enlightened’ that they cannot understand the most ordinary emotions. It is exactly the people whose hearts have never leapt at the sight of a Union Jack who will flinch from revolution when the moment comes. Let anyone compare the poem John Cornford wrote not long before he was killed (‘Before the Storming of Huesca’) with Sir Henry Newbolt’s ‘There’s a breathless hush in the Close tonight’. Put aside the technical differences, which are merely a matter of period, and it will be seen that the emotional content of the two poems is almost exactly the same. The young Communist who died heroically in the International Brigade was public school to the core. He had changed his allegiance but not his emotions. What does that prove? Merely the possibility of building a Socialist on the bones of a Blimp, the power of one kind of loyalty to transmute itself into another, the spiritual need for patriotism and the military virtues, for which, however little the boiled rabbits of the Left may like them, no substitute has yet been found.
Folios of New Writing, Autumn 1940
On 21 August 1939 Ribbentrop was invited to Moscow and on 23 August he and Molotov signed the Russo-German Pact.
Losing the Identity of 'Muslim' - Anisah Kasim
The Promise of Thunder - Scarlett Pygott
The Faceless Drug - Francesca Morgan
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Join the hunt for Orion over the Peak District
Stargazers are being asked to look out for Orion the hunter in the night sky over the Peak District from March 10-17 after cloudy weather impeded last month’s survey.
The Peak District Dark Skies Group is asking people to help monitor the impact of light pollution by finding out how brightly they can see the distinctive constellation of Orion.
The aim is to scout out the best, darkest locations for star-gazing in the Peak District National Park and its surrounding areas.
People are asked to go to the website www.peakdistrict.gov.uk/darkskies to find instructions and charts to download.
To take part in the survey they should go outside after 8pm on a clear night between March 10 and 17 to spot Orion, with its distinctive “belt” of three bright stars in a line, with a smaller three-star “sword” below.
Then they need to match what they see with a series of star charts of varying brightness. Finally they should send their findings, with location, time and date, back to the website.
Light pollution is artificial light – street-lights, floodlights, security lights – which spoils our view of the stars, interrupts our sleep, and often wastes energy.
The Peak District, with its uninhabited uplands and deep valleys in the centre of the country is one of the more accessible places to find a dark, star-studded sky. Surprise View, near Hathersage, was recently identified as a Dark Sky Discovery Site on BBC2’s Stargazing LIVE programme.
The Peak District Dark Skies Group includes the Peak District National Park Authority, Nottingham Trent University, and the following astronomical societies:
Macclesfield Astronomical Society
Mansfield and Sutton Astronomical Society
White Peak Observing Group
Sheffield Astronomical Society
North Staffs Astronomical Society
Chesterfield Astronomical Society
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Home > Zoology > Mammals >
Britain's Mammals: A Field Guide to the Mammals of Britain and Ireland
by Couzens, D.; Swash, A.; Still, R.; Dunn, J.L.
Paperback £12.95
£17.99 (Save £5.04)
Cover : Paperback
Series : Britain's Wildlife
Illustrations : 300 col photos
A comprehensive photographic field guide to all the mammals recorded in Britain and Ireland in recent times—including marine mammals, bats and introduced species. The book features hundreds of photographs and incorporates invaluable tips and suggestions to help you track down and identify even the most difficult species.
This easy-to-use book provides an introduction to the different types of mammal, and concise species accounts that include details of habitat, daily and yearly activity rhythms, feeding behaviour, sounds, breeding biology and general habits. It also contains descriptions of key field signs—including tracks, scats and nests—that give away the presence of mammals even when they are out of sight. In addition, guidance is provided on ways of studying and observing mammals—including small-mammal trapping, bat detecting and whale watching—as well as mammal conservation, the law and sources of further useful information. Handy and informative, this guide is the ideal companion for anyone interested in watching mammals in Britain and Ireland.
- Covers every species of mammal in Britain and Ireland
- Hundreds of superb colour photographs
- Descriptions of mammals as you are likely to see them
- Helpful tips for identifying tracks and other signs you may find in the field
- Advice on finding and watching mammals
Other titles from the series : Britain's Wildlife
Britain's Day-Flying Moths: A Field Guide to the Day-Flying Moths of Britain
Newland, D.; Still, R.; Swash, A.
(Save £5.00)
Britain's Spiders: A Field Guide
Bee, L.; Oxford, G.; Smith, H.
Britain's Hoverflies
Ball, S.; Morris, R.
Britain's Reptiles & Amphibians A guide to the reptiles and amphibians of Great
Inns, H.
Britain's Plant Galls
Chinery, M.
Britain's Dragonflies: A guide to the identification of the damselflies and
Smallshire, D.; Swash, A.
Holmes, N.; Raven, P.Holmes, N.; Raven, P.
Field Guide to the Ladybirds of Britain and Ireland
Roy, H.; Brown, P.M.J.
Handbook of the Mammals of the World. Vol. 9: Bats
Wilson, D.E.; Mittermeier, R.A. (Ed.)
Field Guide to the Bats of Sri Lanka
Yapa, W.B.
Mammals of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East
Aulagnier, S.; Mitchell-Jones, A.J.; Zima, J.; Haffner, P.; Moutou, F.; Chevalier, J.
Hair and Fur Atlas of Central European Mammals
Toth, M.
Bat Roosts in Trees: A Guide to Identification and Assessment for Tree-Care and
Bat Tree Habitat Key
Bovids of the World: Antelopes, Gazelles, Cattle, Goats, Sheep, and Relatives
Castello, J.R.
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Jonah Geller Mysteries 3-Book Bundle
High Chicago, Buffalo Jump, Boston Cream
By Howard Shrier
Category: Mystery & Suspense
Dec 04, 2012 | ISBN 9780345813152
About Jonah Geller Mysteries 3-Book Bundle
Toronto PI Jonah Geller is as secular as they come, an atheist who nonetheless feels deep ties to his Jewish community. Needing to make up for past mistakes, to help those whom the system fails or can’t protect, he opens an agency called World Repairs with his best friend, stunning six-foot blonde Jenn Raudsepp. Along with Dante Ryan, a hit man trying to escape his Mob ties, they duck bullets and dodge blades—one step ahead of the law—at home and across the border.
Crackling with humour, complex plotting and gritty locales, Buffalo Jump, High Chicago and Boston Cream are the first three novels in Howard Shrier’s acclaimed, Arthur Ellis Award-winning series.
“Shrier is my top find of the year. . . . His excellent PI series deserves much wider attention.”
—Ellery Queen Mystery Magazine
“There is a reason [Shrier] consistently wins the Arthur Ellis Award: he tells a really good story.”
—Library Journal, starred review
“Shrier’s first Jonah Geller mystery was terrific; High Chicago is even better.”
—Linwood Barclay, bestselling author of No Time for Goodbye and Trust Your Eyes
About Howard Shrier
Howard Shrier was born and raised in Montreal, where he earned an Honours Degree in Journalism and Creative Writing at Concordia University. Since then he has worked in a wide variety of media, including print, magazine and radio journalism, theatre… More about Howard Shrier
Published by Vintage Canada
Dec 04, 2012 | 855 Pages | ISBN 9780345813152
Dirk Cussler and Clive Cussler
P.D. James and P. D. James
“An author to watch for, both in Canada and abroad.”
—The Hamilton Spectator
“Shrier has created an authentic new hero.”
—The Montreal Gazette
“One of Canada’s most gifted thriller writers.”
—NOW Magazine
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Crimes of Passion
Every Wednesday, we tell a love story that turns into a crime story. Our subjects might start as lovers, friends, or family, but by the end, there's a criminal and a victim. Along the way, we analyze the relationship dynamics and psychology that lead to betrayal, theft, and even murder. Crimes of Passion is part of the Parcast Network, and a production of Cutler Media.
Favorite Podcast
By holly724;1975 - Jan 04 2020
Need to n episode on Mary Kay Laturno (May have spelled wrong
Lanie ROCKS!!
By Justfaith01 - Dec 18 2019
The way the stories are told, keep me in suspense! Keep it up!
Latest release on Jan 17, 2020
Rank #1: Jodi Arias Pt. 1
To turn his life around, Travis Alexander moved in with his grandparents and took up the LDS faith. In search of a wife, he began dating Jodi Arias in 2007. The couple's relationship was often long-distance and quickly started to become problematic. She would be the last person to see Alexander alive.
Parcasters - If you enjoyed this podcast are looking to change gears with a story about service and perseverance, check out our our new episode on John McCain on HOSTAGE, wherever you get your shows. Listen now at parcast.com/hostage
Rank #2: Harold Nokes Pt. 2
In the summer of 1974, a war was brewing between Kay Hoyt Hein and her married lover, Harold Nokes. After she called off their affair, Harold lashed out. He poisoned her lawn. Poured sugar in her gas tank. He even wrote lewd graffiti messages about her sexual activity with other men. Later that year, police would discover Kay parents’ bodies in a lake and dismembered in several parts.
Rank #3: “The Scissor Sisters” Pt. 1
After 20 years in a loveless, abusive marriage, Kathleen Mulhall thought she'd finally found true love when she met Farah Noor in the summer of 2001 in Ireland. But Farah turned out to be just as violent as her husband.
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The relationship between Travis Alexander and Jodi Arias could only be described as hot and cold. They cycled through months of "on-again, off-again" periods, meeting up for late-night rendezvous in Meza, Arizona, even while they started dating other people. But by May of 2008, the intense relationship reached a boiling point, leading to cold-blooded murder.
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Rank #5: Dorothy Stratten Pt. 1
Paul Snider brought Dorothy Stratten to Hollywood. While her career took off in the 1970s, he enjoyed the benefits of her success and spent her money. When their relationship became troubled, she felt compelled to stay with him, despite multiple red flags.
Rank #6: Robert and Linda Edelman Pt. 1
Dallas real estate tycoon Robert Edelman and his wife Linda rose to prominence during the city’s economic boom in the 1980s. His controlling nature made him a nightmare to live with, and by 1986 the Edelman’s marriage was fractured beyond repair.
Rank #7: George & Barbara Kogan Pt. 1: The Millionaire and the Mistress
This married couple built a small fortune together through their chain of department stores in Puerto Rico. In 1988, George and Barbara Kogan retired to New York City to escape the rat-race of the family business and recommit themselves to each other. Instead, the move showed them that their relationship was past their prime and soon they headed for divorce.
Parcasters - In a much anticipated episode of Conspiracy Theories, we explore the Denver Airport! Listen now on Spotify, or wherever you get your Parcast Originals!
Rank #8: David Hendricks Pt. 1: Business As Usual
In 1983, David Hendricks had all he could ask for: family, fortune, and faith. But as his business grew, David felt unsettled in his white picket fence life. A distance grew between David and his wife, leaving space for a terrible fate.
Parcasters - Is there any truth behind the rumored society that protects the secrets of the Holy Grail? Learn more about the Priory of Sion on this week’s episode of Conspiracy Theories!
Rank #9: Marty & Michelle Theer Pt. 1: An Air Force Affair
Separated by distance, young couple Marty and Michelle Theer of North Carolina kept up their relationship with a digital connection, sending emails throughout Marty's deployment. But their 21st Century romance was thrown for a loop when one of them found evidence the other was cheating.
BetterHelp - Go to BetterHelp.com/PASSION to get 10% off your first month with discount code PASSION.
Rank #10: Linda Riss Pt. 1
In 1957, a shy woman meets the man of her dreams: Burt Pugach, a successful lawyer in the East Bronx. Unfortunately, her dreams are crushed, when Burt confesses that he’s actually a married man. Linda tries to end the relationship, but Burt decides that if he can’t have her, then no one else can.
Parcasters - Thank you so much for listening to our new show! Check out Extraterrestrial if you’re looking for a another perspective on things at parcast.com/extraterrestrial
Rank #11: Amy Fisher and Joey Buttafuoco Pt. 1
Soon after marrying his high-school sweetheart, New Yorker Joey Buttafuoco found his relationship on the rocks. However, Joey seemed to clean up his act and become the ideal husband; until the 35-year old starting having an affair with 16-year old Amy Fisher in 1991.
Rank #12: Dorothy Stratten Pt. 2
When Playboy Playmate Dorothy Stratten informed her husband that she wanted a separation, he went into a tailspin. The gory murder-suicide inspired a feud that threatened to destroy the careers of a famous director as well as Playboy founder Hugh Hefner.
Rank #13: Colin Howell Pt. 1
In 1991, a man from Northern Ireland found himself caught between two women: his wife and his mistress. As a religious man, Colin Howell was in an impossible situation. How could he be with the woman he loved, without divorcing his wife?
The Bouqs - Get an extra 20% off when you go to Bouqs.com and enter code PASSION.
Daily Harvest - Go to Daily-Harvest.com and enter promo code PASSION to get 3 cups FREE in your first box!
Rank #14: Tyler Hadley Pt. 1: Blake and Mary-Jo
Tyler Hadley grew up with a loving family in a stable home. Yet he suffered from behavioral issues from childhood, and his parents had trouble disciplining him. In 2011, when Tyler was 17, his deviance became too difficult to bear, and the family issues came to a head.
Rank #15: Fred Jablin and Piper Rountree Pt. 1
For almost 20 years, Fred Jablin and Piper Rountree, shared their lives together in Virginia, welcoming three children and a menagerie of pets. But eventually in 2001 their marriage crumbled; Fred saw dramatic changes in his wife and the way she treated their family.
1hr 1min
Rank #16: “The Scissor Sisters” Pt. 2
By the spring of 2005, the violence in Kathleen Mulhall and Farah Noor's relationship had reached a fever pitch. Kathleen grew more and more concerned that one day Farah would go too far.
Parcasters - In Female Criminals this week we discuss the murder of Dr. Felix Polk by his wife Susan, who suffered paranoid delusions after receiving memory recovery treatment. Hear more about this incredible story at parcast.com/criminals
Rank #17: Ming Sen Shiue Pt. 1: A Student’s Obsession
Ming Sen Shiue lives a lonely life, with only fantasies of his high school algebra teacher, Mary Stauffer, to comfort him. Finally, in the 1970s, after more than a decade of planning, he prepared to act on his darkest desires.
Rank #18: Gaston Calmette Pt. 1
What started as a breezy spring day in Paris on March 16, 1914 would ultimately end with a gunshot. Unravel the feud between French politician Joseph Caillaux and newspaper editor Gaston Calmette, and discover a tale of corruption, hypocrisy, and ultimately—murder.
Rank #19: Marty & Michelle Theer Pt. 2: John Diamond
In the wake of Marty Theer's death, police tried to uncover who would have motive to pull the trigger. Was Michelle Theer a grieving widow, or a woman tired of her marriage and looking for a way out?
Parcasters - When conservation advocate Joy Adamson turned up dead, the authorities initially suspected one of her lions. Little did they know one of her disgruntled employees would be much more dangerous! Listen to her story on Assassinations, available now on Spotify or wherever you get your Parcast Originals!
Rank #20: Robert and Linda Edelman Pt. 2
In 1987, Linda Edelman was contacted with disturbing information about her soon-to-be ex-husband, real estate tycoon Robert Edelman. Afterward, she was faced with a choice—one which had life-threatening consequences.
Crimes of Passion Bites: Psychological Manipulation
In addition to new episodes of Crimes of Passion each week, you’ll now also hear Crime Bites every Friday. Each Crime Bites episode gives you a deeper, yet brief look into true-crime topics covered at Parcast.
Today we explore the idea of Psychological Manipulation—the tactics criminals use to deceive, coerce, and exert control over their victims. We'll dive into clips from shows across the Parcast Network, and discuss how these methods work, and most importantly, their dangerous consequences.
Ruth Snyder Pt. 2
In the wake of the Roaring 20s, flapper Ruth Snyder conspired with her lover to murder her husband Albert. Though they thought they'd gotten away with the perfect crime, their story soon fell apart and led to one of the biggest headlines of the decade.
Listen First! SECRET SOCIETIES, A Parcast Original Series!
They’ve been around for thousands of years…orchestrating some of history’s most controversial events. And if not for their radical actions, you may never have even known they existed. Every Thursday, take a journey through hidden passageways and become a member of Parcast’s diabolical series, SECRET SOCIETIES. Each society is explored in 2 episodes—exposing the people and context responsible for its founding, and analyzing the psychology behind their beliefs.
Enjoy this exclusive clip from the first episode on Yale’s mysterious “Skull and Bones” fraternity. To finish this episode, subscribe to SECRET SOCIETIES free on Spotify, or wherever you listen to podcasts!
She loved bright lights, dancing, and crowds. Her husband rarely wanted to do anything more than sit at home. By 1925, Ruth Snyder was already looking for a respite from the monotony of her marriage, and she found it in a handsome salesman named Henry Judd Gray.
Best of 2019: Lorena and John Bobbitt Pt. 3
Here’s one of our listeners’ most requested episodes of 2019: Just because John and Lorena Bobbitt were acquitted for their individual crimes in 1994, it didn’t mean their challenges were behind them.
Here’s one of our listeners’ most requested episodes of 2019: After the now-infamous maiming on June 23rd, 1993, Lorena and John both faced criminal charges. Lorena for the violent wounding, and John for the years of abuse that led to her actions.
Here’s one of our listeners’ most requested episodes of 2019: Lorena thought she’d found her piece of the American dream when she married John Bobbitt in 1989. But her fantasy was quickly shattered as John became abusive. Eventually, after years of violence, Lorena tried to escape.
Dorothy Stratten Pt. 2
Amy Fisher and Joey Buttafuoco Pt. 3
On May 19th, 1992, 17-year-old Amy Fisher shot her boyfriend's wife, 37-year-old Mary Jo Buttafuoco, in the side of her head. The resulting trial ignited a decades-long media storm that would wreak havoc on the lives of everyone involved.
With no plans to leave his wife, 17-year old Amy Fisher decided to take matters into her own hands. On May 19th, 1992, Fisher showed up at the Buttafuoco house, rang the doorbell, and shot Mary Jo Buttafuoco in the head.
Robert and Linda Edelman Pt. 2
Gaston Calmette Pt. 2
The vengeful murder of newspaper editor Gaston Calmette would shock Paris in 1914. The trial to follow would be one of the most scandalous in French history.
Sheila Garvie Pt. 2
Scotland 1967: It soon became clear that a clean break from her husband wouldn’t be possible. Pushed to the brink, Sheila Garvie had to decide whether she and her lover were willing to do whatever it took to stay together.
1967: A husband. A lover. And one of the most infamous murders in Scotland’s history.
Tyler Hadley Pt. 2: The Party
In 2011, Tyler Hadley took revenge on his parents after they tried to discipline him. He made sure they wouldn't be able to do anything to stop him as he threw a wild house party where there was only one rule: no one was allowed in the bedroom upstairs
Tyler Hadley Pt. 1: Blake and Mary-Jo
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Festivals Are Cancelling Die Antwoord Over Homophobic Attack Video
I fink you cancelled.
Text by Anjelica Angwin
In a disgraceful act of hate crime, the South African rap-rave duo Die Antwoord have been dropped from US festivals as a 2012 video from Adelaide’s very own Future Music Festival reveals a homophobic attack. Uploaded by Die Antwoord’s former videographer: Ben Crossman, the footage reportedly depicts the duo’s Ninja (AKA Watkin Tudor Jones) and Yolandi Visser chasing down Hercules & Love Affair’s Andy Butler, threatening the singer, spitting on him and shouting homophobic slurs. “Run f*ggot, run. Run for your life bitch” Yolandi yells at an escaping Andy Butler. The Die Antwoord duo are then seen alerting festival security, accusing the H&LA frontman of sexual harassment towards Yolandi – claiming he groped her in a backstage toilet. Ninja then praises his crying partner on her “Oscar-winning” performance, according to NME.
In response to the shameful and now-deleted video, Ninja took to Facebook accusing Ben Crossman of “cleverly” editing the clip “to make it seem like (Ninja) and Yolandi committed a hate crime…” he wrote. “Ben beat up the guy from Hercules himself while filming this same video clip.” – insert gigantic eye-roll.
Ninja went on to absurdly add, “This fight had nothing to with the fact that this guy was gay. We dont care about people’s sexual preference. Our DJ and best friend DJ HITEK is gay, and alot of people in our crew are gay.” R-i-g-h-t.
Ninja speaking.In relation to the“hate crime” video in Adeliaide filmed by our ex-cameraman Ben Crossman:Ben has...
Posted by DIE ANTWOORD on Sunday, August 18, 2019
Crossman has since delivered a statement to edm.com, stating: “The footage has not been doctored. Edwin from Edwins Generation on YouTube and Griffin the founder of [South African blog] Wat Kyk Jy both have the unedited clips and they can vouch that it is not doctored.” He also apologises to Butler, admitting he isn’t proud of the incident, claiming he was “utilised as a flying monkey by Ninja and Yolandi.”
Since the video’s surfacing, Die Antwoord have been cancelled from Kentucky’s Louder Than Life festival due to “unforeseen circumstances”. And allegedly removed from the line-up at Las Vegas’ Life Is Beautiful Music & Art Festival — although it’s not officially confirmed.
Butler is yet to comment.
Image: @dieantwoord
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DAN PHILLIPS QUARTET
Converging Tributaries
Converging Tributaries by Dan Phillips Quartet
Dan Phillips – guitar
Jeb Bishop – trombone
Krzysztof Pabian – double bass
Timothy Daisy – drums
Released: September 2017 CD/Digital
The first release from a Chicago based Quartet featuring the two compositions by guitarist Dan Phillips and group improvisations with Jeb Bishop on Trombone, Timothy Daisy on Drums and Krzysztof Pabian on double bass.
The album begins with the title track is a Dan Phillips “Conspicuous Con”, which begins with freely played melodic content that the group improvises on until the climax of a deep grove and new melodic material and individual solos by Dan and Jeb. This is followed by “Swirling Headwaters”. This “spontaneous composition” showcases the strengths of this ensembles’ ability to create various textures, shapes and contours and blend them into cohesive composition through free group improvisation. The third track is the title track and features another Dan Phillips composition. This track features a composed intro and outro with the melody play be arco double bass and trombone. There are individual improvisations by Dan, Jeb and Tim which are interceded by a syncopated swing melody. The album closes out with another group ‘Spontaneous composition” entitled “Latent Entropy”. Once again the group really shows their improvisational prowess in creating a cohesive extended free improvisation.
“… the improvised pieces are easily mistaken for thoroughly composed music. The sound is coherent, coordinated and is what we might dub Chicago organic. …”
Allaboutjazz review of “Converging Tributaries” 2017
“… Much in that way a storm cloud has no definite borders or concrete shape, yet possesses a presence that implies depth (and more), the quartet of guitarist Dan Phillips, trombonist Jeb Bishop, double bassist Krzysztof Pabian and drummer Timothy Daisy rain down with plenty of free jazz improvisation, but by coalescing into the occasional groove, they provide a sense of focus and direction to music that doesn’t always move that way…”
“Bird is the Worm” review of “Converging Tributaries” 2017
“… Phillips and company play with confidence. None are in a hurry to achieve any notable goal other than to add their own contributions to those of the rest of the group. Thus move seamlessly between order and chaos, with varying tone and dynamics. …”
Krzysztof Pabian is a Chicago—based acoustic & electric bass player, improviser, producer & composer.
Copyright 2019 by Krzysztof Pabian | All Rights Reserved
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Stormtrooper video invades Pacific to capture 1.9 million people
A short video promoting a Pacific professor’s research has racked up impressive Internet numbers in just three weeks more
NSF grant takes chemistry students to the Netherlands
University of the Pacific chemistry Professor Jianhua Ren was awarded a new grant from the National Science Foundation this fall for her research on peptides, the building blocks of proteins. more
Biology student sets sail for dental school with Navy scholarship
Pacific biology major Alan Williams '16 has been accepted into the U.S. Navy's Health Professions Scholarship Program, a highly selective program for students who aspire to careers in the medical field. more
New book explores genocide by starvation in Nazi Germany
Millions of Soviet soldiers in German captivity died of hunger during World War II - but their deaths were not the unexpected consequence of a war that took longer than anticipated, argues Gesine Gerhard, professor of history at University of the Pacific. more
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Matthews got ILB advice from Cushing
Conversations between former college teammates Clay Matthews and Brian Cushing have sometimes yielded advice.
Matthews got ILB advice from Cushing Conversations between former college teammates Clay Matthews and Brian Cushing have sometimes yielded advice. Check out this story on packersnews.com: http://pck.rs/2gqEog4
Ryan Wood, USA TODAY NETWORK-Wisconsin Published 11:55 a.m. CT Dec. 1, 2016 | Updated 12:19 p.m. CT Dec. 1, 2016
Green Bay Packers outside linebacker Clay Matthews (52) tries to beat the block of tackle Jason Peters (71) while rushing quarterback Carson Wentz (11) against the Philadelphia Eagles at Lincoln Financial Field.(Photo: Jim Matthews/USA TODAY NETWORK-Wis)
GREEN BAY – They still talk quite frequently, including a lengthy chat earlier this week, and conversations between former college teammates Clay Matthews and Brian Cushing sometimes have yielded advice.
When Matthews moved to inside linebacker in 2014, he first sought his father’s guidance. Clay Matthews Sr. played 19 seasons as an NFL linebacker. He earned four Pro Bowl trips in a five-year span and was named a Hall of Fame semifinalist this month.
Some of Matthews’ most helpful counsel might have come from Cushing. Though the Houston Texans' eighth-year inside linebacker spent much of his career in a 4-3 base defense, different than the Green Bay Packers' base 3-4, Cushing said he has talked in the past about Matthews’ move inside.
“There’s certain things,” Cushing said, “I think he’s asked me just kind of what I think about just the inside (linebacker) perspective, what helps with my game, what do I do. And same thing if I was to ever move outside, I’d ask him.”
Matthews, who lined up next to Cushing at USC, might deploy some of those lessons Sunday when the Packers host the Texans.
After playing outside linebacker through the season’s first 10 games, Matthews returned to inside linebacker Monday night at the Philadelphia Eagles. He played alongside Joe Thomas primarily in the Packers' nickel defense, only leaving the field to have his left shoulder examined by the team’s medical staff after a vicious block from Eagles right guard Allen Barbre.
Matthews’ move was made out of necessity, with starters Jake Ryan and Blake Martinez inactive because of injury. He likely wouldn’t stay at inside linebacker if Ryan or Martinez were available Sunday.
Ryan had a chance to play against the Eagles, but was a late scratch with an ankle injury. Martinez will start Thursday’s practice rehabbing his knee, coach Mike McCarthy said, but could do some regular drills near the end.
“We’re just paper thin at the position,” Matthews said. “It’s just natural after a year and a half of having inside linebacker experience just go back there. It was very natural to switch. Some new terminology to learn and stay up to date on with. For the most part, I felt like I was ready to rock.
“Once we got into the game, Joe and I, I felt getting back in there, we knew our job responsibilities, knew where to be. I think for the most part we did a good job.”
Matthews still provides plenty of production from the outside linebacker position. Though he isn’t playing at an All-Pro level — perhaps because of injuries — he remains the Packers' top pass rusher with four sacks in seven games.
Regardless, playing inside linebacker might not be the worst idea. Matthews earned Pro Bowl trips as an inside linebacker each of the past two seasons.
When Cushing watches his former teammate play inside, he’s impressed.
“As an inside linebacker,” Cushing said, “you’re kind of in the middle of the action every single play. That’s kind of why I’ve always preferred playing inside, but Clay’s skill set is definitely different too. He’s got an extreme skill set and very talented on the edge. He’s always had that skill to him, and really refined it over the years.
“Obviously he enjoys outside more, but he’ll never complain or be upset about the fact. He’s going to do whatever is best for the team. He’s done it for two years, and if he was asked to do it again, I’m sure he would. That’s just the kind of player he is.”
rwood@gannett.com and follow him on Twitter @ByRyanWood
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Mother of Paul Whitters calls on SoS Bradley to release files
15 APRIL 2019 | 12 April 2019
Today marks 38 years since 15 year old Paul Whitters was shot in the head by a plastic bullet fired by a RUC officer. Paul's mother, Helen, is calling on the Secretary of State Karen Bradley to release files held in the National Archives concerning Paul's death that have been reclassified to remain...
Families of children killed by plastic bullets dissatisfied following meeting with Karen Bradley
Joint statement from PFC & RFJ | 18 July 2019
Yesterday (17.07.19) the families of Paul Whitters and Julie Livingstone met with Secretary of State Karen Bradley to discuss the closure of files relating to their loved ones. In 1981 15 year-old Paul Whitters and 14 year-old Julie Livingstone were killed by the RUC and British army using plastic...
'No amnesty' call for British soldiers from Protestant victim's daughter
Connla Young, Irish News, 5 December 2017 | 12 January 2018
Daughter of Robert Ritchie McKinnie, shot dead by a member of the Parachute Regiment in the Shankill area of Belfast in September 1972, says there should be no amnesty for soldiers involved in fatal shootings.
Bloody Sunday Memorial Lecture: Professor Phil Scraton
Museum of Free Derry, Tues 30 Jan @ 7.30pm | 25 January 2018
Fractured Lives, Dissenting Voices, Recovering Truth: Hillsborough activist Professor Phil Scraton reflects on four decades of in-depth research into deaths involving state institutions – Hillsborough, Prisons and Ireland – focusing on his work with the bereaved, survivors and their advocates.
Theresa May misled Parliament @ PMQs
Guardian ad with PFC, RFJ & JFF | 16 May 2018
Today a half page advertisement appeared in the Guardian Newspaper, calling out British Prime Minister Theresa May for misleading Parliament at Prime Minister's Questions regarding the investigations into conflict-related deaths in the north.
"I AM JOHN PAT CUNNINGHAM"
London, 16th Sept, 11am | 14 September 2017
This weekend Justice for Northern Ireland Veterans are organising a protest in London entitled "I AM DENNIS HUTCHINGS". (11am at Horse Guard Parade London). Hutchings is currently being prosecuted for the attempted murder of John Pat Cunningham, a vulnerable adult, in Benburb in 1974.(Full case...
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High Conflict Civil
Criminal Lawyers all CT State & NY Federal Courts
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Former Yale Student Found Not Guilty In Rare Campus Sexual Assault Trial
Taking the stand for three days, the accuser maintained she had been too drunk to consent.
Huffington Post - Publication
by Sara Boboltz, March 7, 2018
A man accused of raping a Yale classmate on Halloween 2015 was found not guilty Wednesday by a New Haven, Connecticut, jury after a trial of less than two weeks.
A woman referred to only as Jane Doe, now 24, accused Saifullah Khan, now 25, of raping her in her dorm room after she had vomited multiple times from drinking too much alcohol. Khan said that Doe had initiated the sexual encounter, which she said she barely remembered.
Khan was found not guilty on all charges of sexual assault in the first, second, third and fourth degrees after his lawyers cast doubt on Doe’s memory and called attention to her clothing. The defense also alleged that Yale officials had influenced the investigation carried out by the university’s own police force, in an effort to prove that Yale took sexual assault seriously.
Research shows that sexual assault occurs on college campuses nationwide, yet relatively few incidents are reported to authorities and even fewer make it to trial. Just how few is unknown. According to the anti-sexual violence organization RAINN, 11.2 percent of undergraduate and graduate students experience rape or sexual assault through physical force, violence or incapacitation. Yet a whopping 89 percent of colleges reported zero incidents of rape in 2015, according to a May 2017 American Association of University Women report using data from the Department of Education.
Doe and Khan were both seniors at the time of the alleged assault. While Doe has graduated, Khan, an Afghanistan native studying cognitive science, was suspended in November 2015 and has not returned to the school.
A jury heard testimony from Doe, Khan, law enforcement and various witnesses beginning Feb. 26.
Doe told the jurors that she became inebriated after consuming two rum-and-cokes, one shot of hard liquor and two cups of wine at a 2015 Halloween party, the Yale Daily News reported. Her friends testified that she did not typically drink very much, if at all, according to the New Haven Register.
Later in the evening, Doe accompanied friends to a Yale Symphony Orchestra concert, but said she vomited at the show and left to use the bathroom. After she was denied re-entry due to her intoxication, Doe said she went back to her dorm, accompanied by Khan. When they got to her room, Doe said Khan restrained and raped her. She also said that Khan took her phone and sent text messages to her friends to let them know she made it back safely.
Khan denied the rape accusation and characterized their sexual encounter as consensual, the Register reported. In Khan’s telling, Doe did not appear too intoxicated to consent. The pair had flirted during the concert, he said. When they returned to her dorm, Khan said she did not appear to have difficulty walking.
Khan’s attorney Norm Pattis offered an alternate explanation for surveillance footage showing his client supporting Doe as she appeared to stagger forward, the Register wrote.
“How many times have you seen young lovers walk across campus in just such a pose? Does it look to you like two lovers out for a stroll?” Pattis asked the jury.
Doe testified that she went to a sexual assault counseling center following the alleged incident and then to a hospital to be tested for venereal disease. Hospital photos of bruises on Doe’s legs were shown in court.
“What transformed that night from happy into a nightmare was she miscalculated her own tolerance for alcohol,” Supervisory Assistant State’s Attorney Michael Pepper said in his closing arguments. “She ate too little and drank too much. But that’s not criminal. And it doesn’t absolve the defendant,” he said.
In his closing argument, Pattis drew attention to Doe’s outfit that night, a “short skirt and tube top,” and suggested she was “dressed to party.”
“She made up this story because she can’t face the fact that the one night when she took a walk on the wild side, she’s got to face her friends the next day,” Pattis said. “I think she let her friends convince her she’d been raped.”
A representative for the prosecutor’s office did not immediately respond to a request for comment.
Trials over alleged sexual assault on campus may become even less frequent under Education Secretary Betsy DeVos, who last year ordered her department to roll back Obama-era rules that aimed to reform systemic mishandling of such cases under Title IX. (Title IX requires the Department of Education to protect students from gender-based discrimination, including sexual harassment and assault.)
The department’s Office of Civil Rights also issued a memo last July instructing staff to scale back their investigations at public schools and universities, including in sexual assault cases.
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From our New Haven, Connecticut base The Pattis & Smith Law Firm represents clients charged with felonies or misdemeanors throughout CT including metro areas of New Haven, Milford, Meriden, Middletown, Bridgeport, Hartford, North Stamford, Stamford, Waterbury, East Norwalk, Norwalk, Danbury, New Britain as well as throughout Fairfield County, New Haven County, Middlesex County, Litchfield County, Hartford County, New London County, Windham County, and elsewhere in Connecticut as well as in New York federal courts.
Norm Pattis and The Pattis & Smith Law Firm are represented by Elite Lawyer Management
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Interested in California University of Pennsylvania? Admissions officers are waiting to hear from you!
Overview Degrees & Certificates Location & Contact Gallery Social
High Quality Online Programs at California University of Pennsylvania
Through the School of Graduate Studies and Research and Global Online programs, California University of Pennsylvania provides graduate and undergraduate programs entirely online in several in-demand fields.
Global Online programs have the same rigorous curricula, learning outcomes, and objectives as on campus programs. All of the online programs carry with them our university’s accreditation, which ensures that they meet the highest academic standards. Plus, the same expert faculty members teach courses in both the online and on campus programs.
This commitment to excellence earned Global Online a ranking within the top three schools in SR Education Group's Online Colleges Guide to Online Schools.
Online Bachelor of Arts Programs
California University of Pennsylvania has four five online Bachelor of Arts (BA) programs: the BA in Arabic Language and Culture (115 credits), BA in Jurisprudence-Land Management Concentration (43 major credits), BA in Jurisprudence-Legal Studies Concentration (42 major credits), BA in Liberal Studies (60 major credits) and BA in Sociology-Social Deviance Concentration (60 major credits).
The BA in Arabic Language and Culture program can be completed in 4 years of full-time study. Students who enter the other programs with associate degrees can complete them in two years or less.
Online Bachelor of Science Programs
The university also offers four online Bachelor of Science (BS) programs: the BS in Computer Information Systems (61 major credits), BS in Criminal Justice-Homeland and International Security Concentration (60 major credits), Registered Nurse (RN) to Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) (33 major credits), and BS in Sport Management Studies-Wellness and Fitness Concentration (74 major credits).
These programs can be completed in the following timeframes:
BS in Computer Information Systems -- 24 months
BS in Criminal Justice-Homeland and International Security --16 months
BS in Sport Management Studies-Wellness and Fitness -- 24 months
RN to BSN -- 3 semesters
California University of Pennsylvania provides the following online graduate programs:
- Master of Art (MA) in Applied Criminology
- MA in Conflict Resolution
- Master of Business Administration (MBA)
- Master or of Education (MEd)
- Master of Science (MS) in Exercise Science and Health Promotion
- MS in Legal Studies
- MS in Nursing (MSN)
- MS in Sport Management Studies
- Professional Science Master's in Applied Mathematics
- Professional Science Master's in Cyber-security
The following sections provide details about three of these programs: MBA, MS in Legal Studies, and MSN.
Students in the online MBA program can complete the traditional MBA or MBA Entrepreneurship program in as few as 12 months. The program's curriculum consists of 36 credits of coursework as well as a comprehensive exam.
Online MS in Legal Studies
Students in the online MS in Legal Studies program take 36-37 credits of courses. They can complete one of three concentrations: criminal justice, homeland security, or law and public policy.
They achieve several objectives related to jurisprudence and legal analysis including the following:
- Analyze and interpret case law, statutory materials, and other legal documents
- Conduct legal research on diverse areas in law
- Advocate for and effectively argue legal issues
- Develop and write a brief, memoranda, paper, or thesis
Online MSN-Nursing Administration and Leadership
The 30-credit MSN in Nursing Administration and Leadership program prepares students for leadership positions such as charge nurses, clinical project leaders, nurse executives, and nurse managers. Program features include the following:
- Completion in 20 months
- No residences or campus visits
- Highly skilled faculty members
- No more than 35 students per class
Cal U also offers a dual MSN-MBA degree and a MBA option for MSN degree holders.
Financial Aid at California University of Pennsylvania
California University of Pennsylvania provides affordable programs and helps its students finance their education. In fact, SR Education Group ranked the university as one of the top 10 Most Affordable Colleges for Online Nursing Programs.
Undergraduate students in the university's Global Online programs may qualify for grants, scholarships, and federal loans. Online graduate students may receive scholarships and federal loans.
In addition, students might receive assistance through loans from private lenders and/or employer-sponsored tuition remission programs.
Excellent Career Outlook
Global Online programs at California University of Pennsylvania train students to excel in some of the fastest-growing occupations in the nation.
For example, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics projected employment for information security analysts (an occupation in the computer information systems field) to grow 37% from 2012 to 2022. It also predicted that employment for medical and health services managers like nurse administrators will increase 23% during the same timeframe. These projected growth rates are "much faster than the average for all occupations."
Experienced Faculty Members
California University of Pennsylvania's faculty members have the theoretical expertise, real word insight, and teaching skills to help students acquire extensive theoretical knowledge and practical skills in their disciplines.
For example, Joseph J. Schwerha, JD, associate professor in the MBA Entrepreneurship program, runs a consulting business that focuses on computer forensics, electronic discovery, and privacy issues. He has authored and co-authored several articles and book chapters on topics concerning computer forensics, digital evidence, electronic discovery, and privacy issues. He also wrote a book about managing cyber-liability risks.
Dr. John Cencich, Applied Criminology program coordinator, is the former Lead War Crimes Investigator for the United Nations and recently starred in The History Channel’s “Hunting Hitler.”
Established in 1852, California University of Pennsylvania is located in California, Pennsylvania in the northeastern region of the United States, just 35 minutes south of Pittsburgh. Its high quality, affordable programs help students build excellent character and successful careers.
A member of the Pennsylvania's State System of Higher Education, the university has regional accreditation from the Middle States Commission on Higher Education. Many of its programs have individual accreditation from organizations like the Council for Accreditation of Educator Preparation and Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education.
"US News & World Report" ranked three of California University of Pennsylvania's online program areas within the top 100: online bachelor's programs (82), online graduate education programs (35), and online nursing programs (54).
Undergraduate Programs - Undergraduate Certificates
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Certificate in Performance Enhancement and Injury Prevention
Certificate in Rehabilitation Science, post-Bachelors Certificate
Certificate in Sport Counseling (post-Bachelor certificate)
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Certificate in Wellness Coaching (post-Bachelors Certificate)
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MS in Exercise Science and Health Promotion, Dual Concentration in Performance Enhancement & Sport Psychology
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MS in Exercise Science and Health Promotion, Dual Concentration in Sport Psychology & Wellness Coaching
MS in Exercise Science and Health Promotion, Dual Concentration in Wellness and Fitness & Sport Psychology
MS in Exercise Science and Health Promotion, Dual Concentration in Wellness and Fitness & Wellness Coaching
MS in Exercise Science and Health Promotion, Dual Concentration in Wellness and Fitness, Rehabilitation Science
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Frequency of prayer among adults with a household income of $100,000 or more by religious group
Frequency of prayer among adults with a household income of $100,000 or more by religious group (2014) Switch to: Religious tradition among adults with a household income of $100,000 or more by frequency of prayer
% of adults with a household income of $100,000 or more who pray…
At least daily
Evangelical Protestant
79% 14% 4% 3% < 1% 1,286
Historically Black Protestant
76% 16% 7% 2% < 1% 172
24% 17% 9% 49% 1% 341
Mainline Protestant
47% 25% 9% 19% < 1% 1,431
94% 2% 2% 2% < 1% 136
Unaffiliated (religious "nones")
11% 8% 6% 74% 1% 1,757
Learn More: At least daily, Weekly, Monthly, Seldom/never
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Home / ASEAN / ASEAN Summit 2019 / FIFA / Football / Jersey No. 10 / Lionel Messi / Pres. Rody Duterte / Viral Stories / Pres. Duterte Given a Special Football Jersey No. 10, It's Significant in Soccer
Pres. Duterte Given a Special Football Jersey No. 10, It's Significant in Soccer
Phil Newsome ASEAN, ASEAN Summit 2019, FIFA, Football, Jersey No. 10, Lionel Messi, Pres. Rody Duterte, Viral Stories
The Philippine President received a special treatment in Thailand as he received a special football jersey No. 10 in the ASEAN Summit 2019 held in Thailand.
All the ASEAN leaders who attended the 35th Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Summit were given a symbolic jersey FIFA after the historic signing of the Memorandum of Understanding between ASEAN and the Federation Interanationale de Football Association (FIFA) on November 2, 2019 in Bangkok, Thailand.
Aside from Pres. Rody Duterte who received the special jersey no. 10, Brunie Prime Minister Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah also received the same jersey number from FIFA.
According to a trivia posted on Quora there is a significant meaning of the jersey number 10 in the game of football or more popularly known as soccer, considered as the world's most popular sports.
The jersey number 10 in football is given only to the player is a master of football fundamentals and especially attacking midfielder or forward.
Some of the parameters which makes these players so good and wear that jersey no. 10 are the following:
TECHNICAL ABILITY = Number 10 is master of football fundamentals. Dribbling, passing & ball control are his speciality. They are very fast with ball. They possess good ball skills. The one who wears that jersey has to be a playmaker and adjust with situation what team is needed at that particular time.
VISION = Number 10 treats football game like a chess. Vision on the field means how you create chances for the goal. Finding a team mate breaking through the opponent defence that needs some football intelligence. Number 10 creates opportunities by finding correct person to score a goal.
LEADERSHIP = needs to be dominant on the field. The best number 10s are very confident on their role. They know how to break the defence and what to do when . They need to be little selfish in my opinion but should not forget the basics of football.
Some of the world's most popular football players who wears the famous Number 10 football jersey are Pele, Maradona, Messi, Neymar Jr., Totti, Baggio, Ibrahimovic, Modric, Mane, Bale, Kaka, Ronaldinho, Rooney, Kane and Mbappe.
Pres. Duterte Given a Special Football Jersey No. 10, It's Significant in Soccer Reviewed by Phil Newsome on 11/04/2019 Rating: 5
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Hurricane tracker: Follow path of Dorian
By: Combined News Services
Dorian strengthened into a hurricane Wednesday afternoon as it lashed the British and US Virgin Islands and neared eastern Puerto Rico, threatening floods and landslides in some areas that were hard hit two years ago by Hurricane Maria.
The storm’s center was near the island of St. Thomas around 2 p.m. ET, with maximum sustained winds of around 75 mph, just above minimum hurricane strength, the National Hurricane Center said.
Check back here for live updates and continued coverage on the storm.
8:40 p.m.:
Hurricane Dorian might make landfall in the Carolinas after moving along coasts of Florida, Georgia
Hurricane Dorian is expected to skirt the Florida and Georgia coasts overnight Tuesday into Wednesday, then move northward to threaten the South and North Carolina coasts later in the week, the National Hurricane Center said.
Dorian won’t make landfall in Florida, but the East Coast is still under threat
Hurricane Dorian will move “dangerously close” to Florida overnight Tuesday, but the Category 2 storm is not currently expected to make landfall in the US over the next few days.
Hurricane Dorian has killed at least 5, continues to pound Bahamas as Category 4 storm
Bahamas Prime Minister Hubert Minnis says at least five people have died in the Abaco Islands as Hurricane Dorian continues to pound the region as a Category 4 storm.
Hurricane Dorian will be ‘dangerously close’ to the US tonight as millions are under mandatory evacuation orders
The strongest storm ever to hit the Bahamas has pulverized houses and left countless residents homeless. As the storm crawls over the islands, forecasters say it will move “dangerously close” to Florida later tonight, and millions of Americans are under mandatory evacuation orders.
11:10 a.m.:
Dorian’s winds slow slightly; storm now a Category 4 while continuing to batter Bahamas
Hurricane Dorian, while continuing to batter the Bahamas on Monday with life-threatening winds and storm surge, has weakened very slightly to a Category 4 storm.
The National Hurricane Center in Miami said in an advisory at 11 a.m. EDT that Dorian’s maximum sustained winds are 155 mph (250 kph), which takes the extremely dangerous storm down one notch, from Category 5.
Hurricane warning issued for parts of Florida as powerful Hurricane Dorian approaches
The U.S. National Hurricane Center says a hurricane warning has been issued for a stretch of Florida’s east coast as powerful Hurricane Dorian approaches. The Miami-based center says the hurricane warning covers an area from Jupiter Inlet to the Volusia/Brevard County line in Florida. It says a hurricane watch has also been used from Voluisa/Brevard Countyline to the Flagler-Volusia county line.
With gusts over 220 mph, Hurricane Dorian strikes Bahamas with record fury as Category 5 storm
Hurricane Dorian struck the northern Bahamas on Sunday as a catastrophic Category 5 storm, its record 185 mph winds ripping off roofs and tearing down power lines as hundreds hunkered in schools, churches and other shelters. Dorian hit land in Elbow Cay in the Abaco Islands at 12:40 p.m., and then made a second landfall near Marsh Harbour on Great Abaco Island at 2 p.m., after authorities made last-minute pleas for those in low-lying areas to evacuate.
With gusts over 220 mph, Dorian was moving west at 7 mph (11 kph). “Catastrophic conditions” were reported in The Abaco Islands and the storm was expected to cross Grand Bahama later in the day “with all its fury,” the center said.
1 p.m.:
Dorian now strongest hurricane for NW Bahamas; hurricane watches issued along FL coast
Hurricane Dorian’s almost 180-mph sustained winds are bringing “catastrophic conditions” to the Abaco Islands in the Bahamas, the National Hurricane Center said, calling it possibly the strongest hurricane to hit the Bahamas in modern history.
With gusts over 200 mph, Dorian has become “the strongest hurricane in modern records for the northwestern Bahamas,” the center said. Forecasters predict the Category 5 storm will remain over the Bahamas into Monday.
Hurricane Dorian now Cat. 5 storm; forecast to slam northern Bahamas before skirting US coast
With Hurricane Dorian, now officially a Category 5 storm, forecast to hit the northern Bahamas in full force Sunday and linger there, experts say now is the time to make decisions to save lives.
10:50 p.m.:
Hurricane Dorian threatens disaster in the Bahamas as tropical storm watches issued for coastal Florida
Hurricane Dorian is set to pummel the northern Bahamas this weekend with potentially catastrophic wind and storm surge, hovering over the region for at least a day.
The National Hurricane Center issued tropical storm watches Saturday for parts of coastal Florida as the Category 4 hurricane headed toward the United States, threatening the coastal Southeast, from Florida to North Carolina, next week.
South Carolina declares emergency before storm
Gov. Henry McMaster has declared a state of emergency in South Carolina after the latest forecast for Hurricane Dorian increased the threat to the state.
The emergency declaration makes it easier to get federal help and let state agencies coordinate possible evacuations or other preparations.
Category 4 Dorian bears down on Bahamas, may skirt Florida
Hurricane Dorian bore down on the Bahamas as a fierce Category 4 storm Saturday, with new projections showing it curving upward enough to potentially spare Florida a direct hit but still threatening parts of the Southeast U.S. with powerful winds and rising ocean water that causes what can be deadly flooding.
Hurricane Dorian is now a Category 4 storm and is still gathering strength as it moves toward Florida, where it could make landfall as soon as late Monday.
All of Florida is under a state of emergency and authorities are urging residents to stockpile a week’s worth of food and supplies before landfall.
Florida preps for an ‘absolute monster’: Hurricane Dorian
Dorian was moving over the Atlantic as a Category 2 storm early Friday with sustained winds of 105 mph. By evening, it is forecast to strengthen to a Category 3 storm before heading to the Bahamas on Sunday.
Along Florida’s east coast, local governments began distributing sandbags, shoppers rushed to stock up on food, plywood and other emergency supplies at supermarkets and hardware stores, and motorists topped off their tanks and filled gasoline cans. Some fuel shortages were reported in the Cape Canaveral area.
Hurricane Andrew was the worst in Florida’s modern history. Dorian may be almost as bad –
If Dorian makes landfall as a Category 4 storm on Monday as forecast, with sustained winds of around 130 mph, it will be the strongest hurricane to strike Florida’s East Coast since Andrew in 1992, according to CNN Meteorologist Brandon Miller.
It will also be the fourth year in a row of a hurricane of any strength hitting Florida, the most years in a row since the 1940s.
‘A big deal’: Florida braces for menacing-looking Hurricane Dorian –
Florida residents picked the shelves clean of bottled water and lined up at gas stations Thursday as an increasingly menacing-looking Hurricane Dorian threatened to broadside the state over Labor Day weekend.
The National Hurricane Center said the Category 1 storm is expected to strengthen into a potentially catastrophic Cat 4 with winds of 130 mph (209 kph) and slam into the U.S. on Monday somewhere between the Florida Keys and southern Georgia — a 500-mile stretch that reflected the high degree of uncertainty this far out.
7 a.m.:
Hurricane Dorian spares Puerto Rico, but strengthening and could hit US mainland as Category 3
Dorian was located 150 miles north of San Juan, Puerto Rico, according to the National Weather Service. The storm, with maximum sustained winds at 85 mph, is moving NW and is expected to intensify over the open water of the Atlantic Ocean. Maximum winds may reach 125 mph by Sunday afternoon.
Dorian will approach the Florida east coast and may make landfall early Monday morning as a Category 3 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Scale.
8 p.m:
At 8 p.m., Hurricane Dorian was located 60 miles NNW of San Juan, Puerto Rico, according to the National Weather Service. Maximum winds were at 80 mph and gradual strengthening is expected the next few days as Dorian continues to track over the Atlantic. Dangerous winds and heavy rain will continue in the Virgin Islands, Culbera, Vieques and portions of Puerto Rico. There could be flash flooding through Thursday morning.
Dorian officially becomes a hurricane as it approaches Puerto Rico –
11 a.m.:
How Dorian could grow to a Category 3 hurricane and pummel Florida, Georgia on Labor Day –
Once Tropical Storm Dorian is done potentially thrashing Puerto Rico, southeastern US states could get lashed on Labor Day weekend. The powerful storm — which keeps getting stronger — could strike Florida or Georgia as a Category 3 hurricane by Monday, forecasters said.
Tropical Storm Dorian approaches Puerto Rico, could bring life-threatening flash floods –
Dorian is currently in the Caribbean Sea, just west of Guadeloupe and Montserrat and is expected to reach Puerto Rico at near hurricane strength in the midday or afternoon. The rainfall Dorian is expected to bring may cause life-threatening flash floods, the National Hurricane Center said.
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Posts tagged with "Micah Roberts of Public Opinion Strategies"
Above, President Donald Trump. (Photo source: Lost at E Minor).
Trump’s impeachment tantrums disengage key 2020 supporters
Women across the nation are viewing President Donald Trump’s impeachment-incited tirades with consternation and concern, Politico reports. And they do not represent the only key voting bloc that has backed off since the whistleblower report was released to Congress in late September.
Indeed, nearly a half-dozen polls conducted since September 24—when House Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-California) announced the official launch of an impeachment inquiry—have found female voters rallying behind her call to action; intensifying concerns among White House allies that the white women who helped carry Trump to victory in 2016 can no longer be counted on next November.
Specifically, 57% of registered female voters strongly or somewhat approved of impeachment in a CBS survey released September 30; and 62% of women in a Quinnipiac University survey released Monday said they thought “Trump believes he is above the law.”
The development comes, according to Politico, just as two more key demographics—Independent voters and college-educated whites—are exhibiting ever-larger “fault lines” in their resistance to impeachment.
What’s more, the allegations against Trump—that he leveraged U.S. aid to Ukraine, holding back funding unless the eastern European nation agreed to supply “opposition research” on Joe Biden, a Democratic frontrunner in the 2020 presidential election—also are changing the dynamics on Capitol Hill.
Should impeachment gain the support of an undeniable majority of likely voters, Republicans legislators who previously declined to distance themselves from the president could quickly change their calculus, the news outlet says—setting Trump on the same lonely course that led to President Richard Nixon’s Watergate-era resignation in August 1974.
“From my point of view as a Republican pollster, the president’s base has been solid so far,” Micah Roberts, a partner at Public Opinion Strategies, which oversaw an NBC News/Wall Street Journal poll conducted last week, told Politico during an interview. “But college-educated whites have electoral significance for us in the suburbs and can completely shift the dynamic and the conversation just by virtue of shifting the overall numbers.”
In some cases, that shift already has started: Fifty percent of college-educated whites in an NPR/Marist College survey said they approved of House Democrats’ decision to launch the formal impeachment inquiry into Trump. That compares to a narrower margin of support for the move (45-43) in a Politico/Morning Consult poll released Wednesday.
“If you look at college-educated whites, those are probably some of the most engaged voters. They are a big and important chunk of the electorate and they have shifted the most resolutely toward impeachment so far,” Roberts said.
“I really don’t like where we are right now,” said one prominent Republican pollster.
To be sure, Politico says, some of the same polls include evidence suggesting impeachment could become a political risk for Democrats as they head into a heated election year. And the rapid-pace environment in which the impeachment process has already unfolded, combined with varying levels of understanding of the process itself, mean a lot of voters are still in “wait-and-see mode,” according to Roberts.
Finally, some polls have underscored mixed feelings among voters toward the former vice president, which would be a positive sign for the president. For example, 42% of voters in a Monmouth survey said Biden “probably exerted pressure on Ukrainian officials to avoid investigating” his son during his time in office; but only 26%t of voters in a Reuters/Ipsos poll said they believe Biden is attempting to conceal a potential scandal ahead of 2020.
With Elizabeth Warren already ahead by several percentage points in key primary and caucus areas, the opinions on Biden may, in the end, be moot.
Research contact: @politico
This entry was posted in Politics and tagged College-educated whites, Democratic candidate, Fault lines in voter support, House Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-California), Impeachment inquiry, Independent Voters, Joe Biden, Key blocs are backing off since whistleblower report was released to Congress, Micah Roberts of Public Opinion Strategies, Monmouth survey, NBC News/Wall Street Journal poll, NPR/Marist College poll, Oppo research, Politico, Politico/Morning Consult Poll, President Donald Trump, Quinnipiac University survey, Reuters/Ipsos poll, Ukraine, Women on October 3, 2019 by Poll-Vaulter.
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Fishermen launch campaign to protect Portland’s working waterfront from development
They and their supporters gather at a pub on Commercial Street to gather signatures for a referendum that would restore the city's water dependency use requirement.
By Dennis HoeyStaff Writer
Signs mark the entrance to a petition drive and fundraiser held Sunday at Andy's Old Port Pub in Portland in support of an effort to freeze or contain development along the Commercial Street waterfront. Staff Photo by Carl D. Walsh
Dozens of fishermen, their families and friends gathered at a pub on Portland’s waterfront Sunday to kick off what could turn out to be a historic campaign to save their industry from extinction.
Citizens behind the movement to freeze or contain development on the waterfront met in Andy’s Old Port Pub, a Commercial Street bar and restaurant, to collect petition signatures, raise money, and hand out informational materials.
Volunteer Joanne Arnold of Falmouth offers raffle tickets to Stanislav Yurkuvich and Alex Fagan of Portland, during a petition drive and fundraiser at Andy's Old Port Pub on Sunday. Staff photo by Carl D. Walsh
They will be seeking a referendum that aims to protect the working waterfront zone on Commercial Street by restoring the water dependency use requirement – adopted by referendum in 1987 – that they claim has been slowly eroded by dozens of zoning amendments the City Council has passed at the urging of developers and waterfront property owners.
Supporters of the referendum say that changes are needed if citizens want to preserve Maine’s fishing culture and way of life. Organizers of the petition drive need to collect at least 1,500 signatures by January in order for the waterfront zoning amendment initiative to be voted on at a citywide referendum in May.
“This citizen initiative is critical to our future,” said Willis Spear of Yarmouth, a lobsterman who has been fishing for more than 50 years. “The development on the waterfront is outpacing what can be handled. Hopefully, this will slow things down.”
The citizens initiative would make sweeping changes to land-use rules governing three sections of the city’s waterfront, from the Eastern Promenade to the Veterans Memorial Bridge. The proposal would further restrict uses that don’t rely on water access and narrow the scope of contract and conditional rezoning options that could be used to expand development options.
Commercial fishermen say the city needs to act before uses such as offices, restaurants, hotels and condominiums force them off the waterfront.
At Sunday’s kickoff event, supporters handed out an October paper written for Maine Lawyers Review by Orlando Delogu, a professor emeritus of the University of Maine School of Law. Delogu has come out in support of the working waterfront campaign.
“Though aspects of the working waterfront have never been healthier – the cruise boat business, Eimskip, Sprague – we keep squeezing it, making its survival ever more difficult, narrowing its full potential by narrowing the space available for water-dependent uses,” Delogu wrote.
“Portland seems trapped in a penchant for shortsightedness. It is more enamored with the immediate returns from non-marine uses on its waterfront – a hotel, parking garage, upscale shops and offices – than it is with the long-term returns that a working waterfront would provide. The city fails to grasp that with proper zoning it can have both.”
Developers and waterfront property owners say they need mixed uses on the waterfront to pay for the maintenance of aging piers. Portland is also experiencing a development boom of luxury condominiums, hotels and office buildings.
Developer David Bateman has proposed a four-story hotel, retail and office complex with a parking garage at Fisherman’s Wharf, a property that is currently composed of surface parking lots and the Portland Lobster Co. restaurant. In June, dozens of fishermen and their supporters protested Batemen’s project, which is still pending city review.
Fishermen have also expressed concerns about the Rufus Deering Lumber Co. site, which has been approved for redevelopment into a mixed use hotel and condominium project.
And there is a development that includes a 600-vehicle garage at the Hamilton Marine site at 100 Fore St. under review by city planners.
Fishermen said the public may not fully realize the day-to-day pressures that they face just trying to do their job on Portland’s waterfront.
During the summer months, when tourist traffic across Maine and especially at a tourist destination like Commercial Street peaks, fishermen can spend hours trying to unload traps, delivering product to buyers, or hunting for a parking space. Bait and fish products are perishable and need to be moved quickly before they spoil.
“Parking has been lost to non-marine uses. The hotels have taken a lot of the parking that was once available,” Spear said.”You can put a hotel anywhere, but that is not the case with a fisherman.”
Keith Lane of Portland, a lobsterman who has been fishing since 1968, said the congestion and traffic gridlock on Portland’s waterfront is killing the fishing industry.
“You can’t conduct business if you can’t get to your boat,” Lane said. “We need to do something because these non-marine uses are going to exterminate the fishing industry.”
Marshall Spear of Yarmouth, Willis Spear’s son, has been fishing only since 2003, but it’s his livelihood and he worries that one day he may find himself without a berth at Custom House Wharf if upscale waterfront development continues at its current pace.
He’d like to see the city strike a balance that allows some development but also protects Portland’s working waterfront. “For me it’s the traffic and it’s access. The writing is on the wall,” Spear said. “Our wharf could be sold tomorrow, and for me that’s a scary thing.”
Dennis Hoey can be contacted at 791-6365 or at:
fishing industry, portland maine
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DR ANJHULA MYA SINGH BAIS
Director, Amnesty International
What does it feel like to bask in the spotlight, only to step away mere moments before the show starts? For Dr Anjhula Mya Singh Bais, Director of Amnesty International, much of her professional career has dangled between the glamorous lure of the entertainment industry and academics. “I dropped out of the Miss India competition despite being a finalist and stopped being an MTV VJ because academics were more important,” she says.
Though it was hard to see her peers go on to conquer Hollywood and Bollywood, she experienced a moment of epiphany when she was named a Young Global Leader 2019 at the World Economic Forum. “When my name and photo was carried alongside bonafide game changers, the best thought leaders, disruptors, innovators and heads of state, I realised that so much of my life and decisions had led to a world stage after all,” she reflects.
Dr Anjhula’s spark to get involved with human rights work was born out of a sense of urgency to take action for the greater good of humankind. “I believe it is a calling to a large extent. Noblesse Oblige translated means an obligation that the nobility has for and to service. Some people can see and others have a vision, but the two are not alike,” she points out. “When I reflect on my childhood and its writings, it appears I was channeling a greater source. Things that might fly past others (eg. caste base discrimination) did not sit well with me. I knew that the extraordinary privileges and blessings that is life had to be challenged as a tour de force.”
Dr Anjhula is wearing the Hublot Big Bang One Click Sang Bleu Steel White Diamonds; dress from Alia Bastamam
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Home News Lucas Matthysse returns against Emmanuel Taylor on Canelo vs. Chavez Jr. undercard
Lucas Matthysse returns against Emmanuel Taylor on Canelo vs. Chavez Jr. undercard
Credit: Golden Boy
Argentinian slugger Lucas “La Maquina” Matthysse (37-4, 34 KOs) makes his highly anticipated return taking on Emmanuel “Tranzformer” Taylor (20-4, 14 KOs) on the televised undercard of Canelo Álvarez vs. Julio César Chávez, Jr. mega-fight on Cinco De Mayo weekend.
The event will take place Saturday, May 6 at T-Mobile Arena in Las Vegas and will be produced and distributed live by HBO Pay-Per-View beginning at 9:00 p.m. ET/6:00 p.m PT.
The fan-friendly Matthysee, who has engaged in multiple fight of the year candidates, will move up to welterweight for the first time and look to make a run at championship gold.
“I’m very happy to return to the ring and especially on such an important show such as Canelo vs. Chavez Jr. on May 6 at T-Mobile Arena in Las Vegas,” said Lucas Matthysse. “I’ve always brought great fights to demanding fans, and this one against Emmanuel Taylor will not be the exception.”
Matthysse has defeated a who’s who of contenders during his career including Lamont “Havoc” Peterson, John Molina, Jr., Humberto “La Zorrita” Soto and Ruslan “The Siberian Rocky” Provodnikov.
In Taylor, Matthysse will face a resurgent contender coming off back-to-back knockouts and who has gone toe-to-toe with the likes of Adrien “The Problem” Broner, Chris Algieri and Karim “Hard Hitta” Mayfield, defeating the latter by unanimous decision.
“I feel that I am really blessed to have this opportunity to once again fight on such a big stage,” said Taylor. “Matthysse is a very tough fighter but I am sure I’ll beat him. This is a great opportunity for me and my family and it’s been a long time coming. I have to thank God for this one, my charm city team and my promoter Joe DeGuardia and Star Boxing, D&D Management and Club 57 management for believing in me. I’m ready to get things going and l will definitely be ready on May 6.”
“No one in the sport of boxing brings it harder than Lucas Matthysse, and we’re truly excited to have him back in the ring,” said Oscar De La Hoya, Chairman and CEO of Golden Boy Promotions. “Lucas truly was a machine in the super lightweight division, and we expect him to do similar damage in the field of welterweights.”
“I can’t wait to see Emanuel Taylor fight Lucas Matthysse on May 6th,” said Joe DeGuardia, President and CEO of Star Boxing. “I’m thrilled it will be on such a special night when boxing’s star Canelo Álvarez fights Julio César Chávez,Jr. It’s a huge opportunity for Emanuel who has matured and is ready to make his mark on May 6th. I’m very excited to be part of this promotion with my friends at Golden Boy and I expect nothing short of a spirited performance from Emanuel and an exhilarating boxing event on May 6th.
The remainder of the televised pay-per-view undercard will be announced shortly.
emmanuel taylor
julio cesar chavez jr
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Intellectual History (MLitt)
University of St Andrews · School of History
PGDipMLitt
A good 2.1 Honours undergraduate degree in a subject-related area.
The MLitt in Intellectual History is an interdisciplinary taught postgraduate programme. The course explores major historical, historiographical, and methodological aspects of intellectual history alongside an individually tailored programme of directed reading.
This interdisciplinary programme brings together experts from across the University with a common interest in researching and contextualising key ideas in their subject areas.
Students learn to treat past ideas as historical phenomena, as well as assess the meanings of these ideas as intended by their authors, and in contexts beyond those their authors may have foreseen.
The course covers the different kinds of intellectual history being practised today, and the relationship between intellectual history and philosophy, literature and literary studies, international relations, law, politics, economics and theology.
The modules are taught through seminars and fortnightly tutorials, with class sizes ranging from individual supervision up to 12 students. The modules are assessed by coursework only; there is no final exam.
Students will spend the final three months of the course focusing on researching and writing the final assessment piece for the MLitt, a dissertation of not more than 15,000 words.
Each module typically comprises:
seminars ranging from 1.5 to 3 hours per week
fortnightly tutorial sessions for directed reading
100% coursework assessment.
For more details of each module, including weekly contact hours, teaching methods and assessment, please see our website; some elements may be subject to change for 2020 entry.
EU: £9,450 Overseas: £19,400
MLitt
View profileUniversity Of St Andrews
Postgraduate Secretary
pghist@st-andrews.ac.uk
Similar courses from University of St Andrews
Early Modern History (MLitt)
Modern History (MLitt)
Legal and Constitutional Studies (MLitt)
The Book. History and Techniques of Analysis (MLitt)
Environmental History (MLitt)
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Carte Du Royaume D'Esclavonie et Du Duche De...
Carte Du Royaume D'Esclavonie et Du Duche De Syrmie, dont l'un et l'autre est arrose par le Danube, l'Illove, La Save, et la Drave . . . 1783
Venice / 1783
Fine map of Slovenia, published in Venice by Paolo Santini.
The map is dissected by the Danube River and shows the region south and west of the Danube, extending south to Bonsia and part of Serbia but with greatest focus on the region north on the Kingdom of Slovenia and the Duchy of Syrmia.
Unlike many of the maps in Santini's atlas, this regional map of Italy is not drawn from De Vaugondy and is based upon Italian sources.
One of the most detailed maps of the region published in the mid-18th Century.
Paolo Santini Biography
Paolo Santini (1729-1793) was an Venetian engraver known especially for his religious prints and fine cartographic engravings. He published in Venice and may have a been a member of the clergy. In his maps, he largely adopted and adapted the work of his French counterparts, especially the brothers de Vaugondy.
Antique Maps / Europe / Balkans / Balkans
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Mega Fan ready for Video Games Day
Ronald Zajac
More from Ronald Zajac
Published on: September 11, 2019 | Last Updated: September 11, 2019 12:01 PM EDT
Matt Blake poses with some treasured Mega Man merch. (SUBMITTED PHOTO) jpeg, BT
Thursday is National Video Games Day, and Matt Blake is looking forward to a Mega event.
The Brockville man is the force behind the Mega Man Fan Realm project, a website that aims to celebrate the legacy of an iconic gaming character.
Blake plans to use that website for some giveaways on Sept. 12, the day on which gamers across North America celebrate their passion.
Blake is particularly fond of Mega Man, the video game character first introduced in 1987, created by the Japanese game developer Capcom for Nintendo. It has grown to include multiple editions (Mega Man 11 was released last October), as well as comic books, collectibles and television shows.
The game centres on the science fiction trope of corrupted robots. The backstory involves an android named Rock, who agrees to be converted into a fighting robot to defend the world against his fellow creations, who have been made violent after being reprogrammed by the treacherous Dr. Wily.
“There’s still a very prominent and loyal fan base up to this day,” said Blake.
He finds something compelling about a video game character who is a reluctant superhero, using his newfound abilities to defend peace in the word by battling what are, essentially, his siblings.
It’s also a story of perseverance, something gamers can appreciate.
“The games are renowned for being relentlessly hard,” said Blake.
On his fan page, he adds: “I read legions of comments from Mega Man fans on various forums, and it is clear that Mega Man truly means a lot to so many people. It has had a profound impact on fans and truly makes them happy. Celebrating this passion is extremely rewarding.”
The page has gained a respectable following since its launch in August 2018; Blake has also used it for charitable purposes.
The character of Mega Man vows to “keep on fighting for peace for both humans and robots!”
Blake hopes Thursday’s gaming celebration will keep that spirit alive… for now, at least, among humans.
Rzajac@postmedia.com
POLICE: Woman hurt in crash Mega Fan ready for Video Games Day
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Radio Markets
Station Owners
Stations For Sale
News Talk 99.5 WRNO
WRNO 99.5 FM
The News and Talk of New Orleans
City of License:
http://www.thenew995fm.com/
http://www.iheart.com/live/1033
Dick Lewis
iHeartMedia (formerly known as Clear Channel) (Clear Channel Broadcasting Licenses, Inc.)
929 Howard Ave., FL 2
WRNO is an FM radio station broadcasting at 99.5 MHz. The station is licensed to New Orleans, LA and is part of that radio market. The station airs talk programming and goes by the name "News Talk 99.5 WRNO" on the air with the slogan "The News and Talk of New Orleans". WRNO is owned by iHeartMedia under the supervision of General Manager Dick Lewis.
Nearby Radio Stations
101.1 WNOE, WWL 105.3 FM, WQNO 690 AM, Power 102.9, K-Love 107.5, WRBH 88.3 FM, WOMN 1110 AM, WVDL 95.1 FM, WBOK 1230 AM, WAMF 90.3 FM
Co-Owned Radio Stations in New Orleans, LA
Voodoo 104.1, 101.1 WNOE, Gospel 1280, Q93 FM, 98.5 WYLD, AMen 940
Listener Comments and Reviews
I can not believe 99.5 took off MARK LEVIN and put miller in the eight o"clock time slot.I had to start listening to WGSO 990, LOOK AT YOU!!! you are not all growed up. TRY to listen to miller for a month, YOU WOULD turn the channel. This is AWFUL, PLEASE,PLEASE, put LEVIN back on PLEASE!!!
By: jake goff on April 9, 2011
Its really hard to believe that Dennis Miller would get better ratings than Mark Levin. This is very disappointing.
By: Jack on April 29, 2011
My radio has been on 99.5 24/7. After this morning I will be looking for another radio station. You took off Mark Levin and put in Dennis Miller. Miller is a pseudo comedian. Now - this David Wells. He is a bully - it's his mike and his show. He is ignorant and a pseudo conservative. I had to get up this morning at 5:30 and turn off the radio. I thought about calling and explaining economics to him - and after listening to his rants at the callers I decided that you can't tell him anything - because he knows everything. Well, he doesn't and he obviously buys every conspiracy theory that he hears. I wonder if Rush Limbaugh could listen to him for 1 minute. Really - do something. I think I will email Rush and suggest he listen to the dribble that is supposed to pass as commentary on his station.
By: mary Holmes on May 13, 2011
Miller instead of Levin is PUTRID !
By: jim on June 10, 2011
Take off Mark Levin shame on you I am out as a listener
By: Jay Aleman on September 15, 2011
And now, instead of Levin, it's superfluous poltical propaganda fluff talk with Meghan McCain.
By: Steve on October 8, 2016
How about adding the Mark Simone show to WRNO 99.5 Fm and get rid of Megan McCain show. it was so nice listening to the mark Simone show after the second Trump debate what a really great show please consider putting the show on Monday through Friday in place of the Meghan McCain show. Thank you very much
By: Charles muller on October 10, 2016
I work in the construction industry and we drug test pre-employment,and randoms. I understand that some people may be down on there luck and need government assistance,and I’m fine with that,but 99% of these kinds of people are raising “GENERATIONS” off of this rewarding system giving them a bigger tax credit for children...!! Make them call in everyday to see if there color comes up like they do for people in drug court,, and if they fail CUT THEM F....NG OFF
By: Paul on February 9, 2018
Radio here in Covington la always static..Rush...Hannity yet Michael Berry, etc fine????????????
By: Michele on November 19, 2018
I Was disappointed when you quit playing best of Rush on Saturdays, tried but quit listening to Michael Berry; but when you quit playing Levin evenings, I went to Satellite radio & only listen to Rush, & sometimes, Walton & Johnson now.
By: Phyllis on April 24, 2019
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©2020 FM / Radio Lineup is your guide to local radio stations across the United States.
Any usage on RadioLineup is protected under the fair use provisions of the law. Privacy Policy
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Home page > Europe by train > FAQ
Find the answer to Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about:
Once in Europe
Q. Are there restrooms on the train?
A. Yes! Restrooms can be found on all trains in Europe. Restrooms are easily accessible on all trains and are frequently marked with the letters WC (Water Closet). They’re usually found at the front or back of each train car and typically include a sink, toilet, and locking door.
Q. Do the train stations offer services to help carry my luggage?
A. Many train stations in Europe have self-service luggage carts that you can use to transport your luggage through the train station. These carts are usually coin-operated and when you return your cart, you’ll get your coin back.
It’s always best to pack light and anticipate that you will need to carry your own luggage. Only a few stations in Europe offer porter services. Also keep in mind that while some stations offer elevators and/or escalators, you may need to carry your luggage up or down stairs to reach the correct train platform.
Q. I understand that some of the train stations in Italy now have gates. How do I get to my train?
A. Some of the high traffic train stations in Italy, such as Milan Centrale, Rome Termini, and Florence Santa Maria Novella stations now have entry/exit gates. Access through these gates is exclusively reserved for ticket holders. It is suggested that you have your print at home or print at the station ticket ready to present upon arriving at these security gates.
Q. Are there shower facilities on board?
A. Onboard shower facilities vary by car equipment, operating carrier, and the class of service you’re booked in. You can view the details when you search for the train you wish to travel on.
In addition, there may be shower facilities at the rail stations. Typically, you will need to pay a fee to use these showers.
Q. Can I ensure that my traveling party will share a compartment on an overnight train?
A. Our booking system always attempts to book all travellers in the same compartment on overnight trains, as long as you submit your request for your entire traveling party at once.
Our ability to book all travellers in the same compartment ultimately depends on compartment availabilities on the train you’re booking. The earlier you make your reservations, the better the chance that everyone in your travel party will be in the same compartment.
If a compartment can’t be fully filled by the traveling party alone, some trains may need to separate you into gender-specific compartments. Therefore, if you are a traveling party of mixed gender – the way to ensure that you will be traveling together is to make sure that you book a compartment that you fill entirely.
Q. Will my luggage be safe, accessible, and in my line of sight throughout the duration of my trip?
A. Your luggage will either be safely above you in a luggage rack, or at the end of your train car. These are the designated locations for luggage storage. You will be able to access your bags as needed.
You are responsible for your luggage. The railways will assume no responsibility in case of loss or theft of baggage carried on board.
Be sure to have luggage tags with your name and contact information securely attached in case you leave anything behind.
Q. Where can I store my luggage on an overnight train?
A. Luggage can be stored on a small luggage rack and any floor or bed space available. Keep in mind that this space is shared among all travellers occupying the sleeping compartment or couchette.
Q. Is there onboard medical help in case of emergency?
A. Currently most trains do not carry emergency medical equipment. In case of a medical emergency, conductors on board will radio ahead to the next stop so that help will be ready and waiting.
Q. Will the conductor take my passport?
A. Conductors will not take your passport during day trips. If your passport does need to be checked, the local border control staff will simply walk through each train car checking each passengers travel documents and hand them back to you.
With overnight trips you’ll generally provide the train attendant with your reservation voucher, rail pass or train ticket, and passport as you board. That way, they can take care of everything with conductors and customs officials so you can sleep uninterrupted through the night.
Q. How do I read my RENFE print at home e-ticket?
A. If you are traveling to Spain and have purchased a RENFE train ticket please be advised that RENFE train tickets are available in Spanish only. We offer a guide to assist you in reading your ticket.
Q. Do you offer maps of European train stations?
A. We do offer links to Google Maps for many European train stations. At this time we do not have specific layouts of any train station interiors in Europe.
Q. How can I check to see if food is served on a particular train?
A. When you search for a train schedule, the results page will give you the opportunity to click and view the onboard services for each class of service offered.
Q. Do I need to tip the train staff?
A. Tipping the train staff (other than bar-buffet car waiters) is neither necessary nor customary.
Q. I have my train ticket. Do I also need to buy a reservation?
A. Rail Europe train tickets usually include a reservation whenever possible. In other words, if you’re taking a train that requires a reservation, one will already be included with your train ticket from us. If you’re boarding a train that offers reservations but doesn’t require them, tickets sold on our website will include one, if available, at the time of booking.
For certain trains that offer reservations but don’t require them, it is possible that we do not include a seat reservation with your train ticket. This may happen when we don’t have access to those reservations, which can only be purchased locally. Rest assured that even if this is the case, your Rail Europe train ticket will still allow you to board and sit at any unoccupied seat.
Q. What is the difference between 1st and 2nd class on the Trenitalia (Italy) train?
A. First class on the Italian day train offers large, comfortable reclining seats, and Bar-buffet car offering a complete selection of food and beverages for purchase. (on major routes)
Second class on the Italian day train offers generous legroom and Bar-buffet car offering a complete selection of food and beverages for purchase. (on major routes)
Frecciarossa high-speed trains offer four levels of service, accommodating all travel budgets. Choose from Executive, Business, Premium, and Standard class.
In Executive class, you’ll indulge in luxury and comfort including lounge access at the station, dedicated car with just 8 luxurious reclining leather seats, convenient meeting area to conduct business, gourmet meal served at your seat, open bar, and more.
Business class also provides an upgraded level of service with plush leather reclining seats, welcome drink & snack, and platform check-in.
In Premium class you’ll experience the services of 1st class in a 2nd class seat, including a welcome drink & snack, sleek leather seating, and more.
Lastly, Economy class is a budget-friendly 2nd class seat, offering a comfortable reclining cloth seat.
Q. Can a reservation date on an overnight train be changed?
A. This is possible in some cases, but with the limited availability of overnight trains, please do it as soon as you can and at least 24-hours before the train’s departure. New reservations will be required when you reschedule. Make sure to check the fare rules for the reservation you’ve purchased so you’re aware of the exchange policies. If you’re already traveling in Europe and need to make a change, you may be subject to local service fees and/or upgrade charges.
Q. What types of sleeping compartments or accommodations are available on overnight trains?
A. There are Second class, First class, and on some overnight trains, Premier class accommodations.
In Second class, you can relax in a reclining seat, a ‘couchette’ that is a shared compartment with up to 6 beds, or a compartment with 3 to 4 beds.
In First class, you’ll share a more relaxing locking compartment with one or two beds and a wash basin in the compartment.
Lastly, on some trains, you can book a Premier class ticket for a great night of sleep with private, lockable accommodations for one or two, a private shower and toilet, and includes breakfast and on some trans, dinner.
Sleeping accommodations vary by train type and by route. Be sure to read the product details for the overnight train you’re interested in to see what that train offers in each class of service.
Q. Does your website display all trains operating for the route searched?
A. We strive to provide the most comprehensive European rail booking engine online. We have specific partnerships with most European railroads. These partnerships determine the extent to which we are able to provide complete and accurate schedules through our booking engine.
For many countries, our schedules match the complete offerings of the European train companies. But occasionally, some train companies do not load schedules for all local trains. Also, schedules for certain private trains may not be available through our booking engine.
Q. Are there facilities on board for disabled travellers?
A. Special amenities for disabled travellers are offered on trains and at many train stations, and are clearly indicated with pictograms (for telephones, toilets, elevators, etc.).
Special equipment is also available for use by disabled travellers but must be reserved locally in advance. You can do this while you’re in Europe by inquiring at the train station or through your hotel concierge.
Be sure to specify if you need personal assistance (whether with a wheelchair, boarding, etc.).
Q. Is there a fee to take luggage on a train?
A. In general, there are no luggage fees when traveling by train, however, some rail carriers do restrict the amount of luggage a traveller is allowed to bring, and any additional luggage may be subject to local fees.
On Eurostar, you’re permitted to carry two large bags and one small piece of hand luggage. If you have more than this, an additional fee may be required locally.
Q. Do restaurant cars cater to specific dietary needs like vegetarian, diabetic or kosher?
A. Some European trains do offer special menu items. You can check the menu card found on board the train when you get on. Please keep in mind that you are also permitted to bring food on to the train, so if you have a specific dietary condition that requires special food, you can purchase before getting on the train and avoid any disappointment if the train you are on does not cater to your specific needs.
On Eurostar a wide variety of meals can be arranged prior to your departure to Europe. They include vegetarian, kosher, halal, vegan, diabetic, low fat, low salt and gluten-free meals. For vegetarian meals, we require 24-hours notice in advance of travel. For all other meals we require 48-hours advance notice. If you need to arrange a special meal for your Eurostar journey, please contact us via our Contact Us page.
Q. Will a National Rail Strike affect my train travel?
A. A national strike impacting rail services could affect train travel for locals and visitors alike. Typically, during a rail strike there will be a reduced number of trains operating which could lead to more passengers on board trains that are running, changes in schedules, or even alternate modes of transportation (such as buses) to transport passengers to their destinations.
In the event of a strike, Rail Europe will provide as much information as possible to assist those who may be impacted. If a strike has been announced, you can always submit inquiries to Rail Europe through the Contact Us page or, if you’re already in Europe during a strike, go directly to a railway station and ask the local railway official for assistance.
Q. Are there smoking and non smoking sections on trains?
A. Smoking is not permitted on any trains in Great Britain, Denmark, Ireland, Benelux (Belgium, Netherlands and Luxembourg), France, Hungary, Spain, Turkey, Italy, Switzerland, Austria, Germany, Norway, Sweden, or Poland.
Smoking is restricted on trains in Finland and the Czech Republic.
Smoking is also prohibited in lavatories and dining cars. And you must observe special regulations at stations where you usually find dedicated smoking areas or rooms.
Q. What do I do if no one comes to check my train ticket or rail pass?
A. It’s best to keep your travel documents (train ticket, rail pass, and/or reservation) out and ready to be checked by a conductor. If for any reason a conductor does not come by to check your train ticket or rail pass during your entire journey, no worries. Simply get off the train at your destination station and continue with your travel plans.
Please keep in mind that you will need a valid rail pass or train ticket to travel on board trains in Europe. If your pass or ticket were not looked at, it is an unusual occurrence.
Q. When I compare your schedules with European railroad sites, I notice some differences. Why?
A. Although this is not typical, you may occasionally find some discrepancies between the train schedules shown on our website and the ones listed on a rail carrier’s website. This is generally due to the fact that the rail carrier has not yet made available its complete schedule range in the European train schedule database we use to populate our booking engine.
We continuously work with individual European railroads to establish partnerships that ensure our direct access to all inventories in order to provide you with the fullest range of travel options.
Q. Is dinner and/or breakfast included with my reservation on an overnight train?
A. When you travel on an overnight train meal inclusions vary depending on the train you are on, as well as what type of train ticket you have purchased. With the purchase of a Premier class ticket, you will generally get a meal on board the train. This meal is typically breakfast in the morning. Some trains will bring the meal to you in your compartment, while other trains will serve you breakfast in the restaurant car on board the train.
If you are not traveling in a First Class sleeping compartment, don’t worry, you won’t starve on board! Overnight trains all include a restaurant car, bar car or vending machine services containing hot/cold drinks and snacks. Most restaurant/bar cars are open until at least 1:00am. Additionally, you can purchase food before hopping on board the train and eat as you wish. Though not included with the price of your ticket, you can certainly find something to eat during the ride.
Q. What food and drink options are on board?
A. If the train you’re traveling on offers a bar-buffet car, you’re free to walk in, sit down and eat. Or as soon as the restaurant car opens, make a reservation for any time of day.
On many long distance trains there may be an attendant with a snack cart who travels from car to car.
Bar-buffet cars are a unique part of the train experience, where the quality of the food and wine can rival that of a gourmet restaurant. With the exception of Eurostar, special meal requests are not available. But typically, regular menu options are plentiful and usually cater to most taste buds or dietary restrictions.
If you travel with a Premier Class ticket, food and drinks are included and served at your seat or in the bar-buffet car.
On local trains there’s usually no catering. However, you are welcome to bring your own food and drinks on board. Please make sure to follow the local law when considering taking alcoholic drinks on board any train.
Q. How much luggage can I take on an overnight train?
A. There are usually no restrictions on the amount of luggage that may be brought on an overnight train, but there is limited space in the compartment to store the luggage. A small luggage rack and any floor or bed space must be shared among all travellers occupying a sleeping compartment or couchette.
Q. How are sleeping compartments kept secure?
A. Overnight trains have conductors on duty throughout the duration of the train ride. In addition, sleeping compartments have locks on the doors that you control.
Q. Where can I find specific information regarding the services offered on the train I'll be taking?
A. We try to provide you with as many details about your train trip as possible. When you’re searching for train fares and schedules, click on the train numbers listed on the results page. Choose the class of service you prefer to sit in and you’ll be able to see all onboard services offered.
Q. If my travel party won’t fill the entire compartment, can we buy it out to travel by ourselves?
A. We’re only able to sell train tickets/reservations for beds that will be filled by travellers. If you purchase “extra” beds in a compartment to occupy the space, the conductor can fill empty beds if space is needed, even if the whole compartment has been purchased. No refund is given if a conductor fills an “extra” bed.
Q. How can I exchange my Trenitalia ticket?
A. Exchanges can be made in accordance with the conditions of your ticket. If permitted, exchanges can only be processed in Italy at a self-service kiosk at the train station. Simply select the "Print & Change" option and then enter the e-ticket confirmation code (PNR) and the Booking Change Code. Both of these codes can be found on your Print at Home ticket. Changes can also be made at a ticket window at the station.
Q. What do I do with my luggage?
A. Once on board you’ll need to find a place to put your bag(s). Small and medium sized bags typically fit on racks located above the seats. Larger suitcases and items can be stored in racks found near the train door entrance.
In addition, you’re responsible for your luggage. The railways assume no responsibility in case of loss or theft of baggage carried on board.
If you’re traveling on Eurostar, Thalys or a TGV, you’re limited to two large items per traveller (maximum 85cm in any one dimension), plus one small item of hand luggage. On most high speed trains there’s room for luggage above the seats and for larger items at the end of each coach.
Be advised that when traveling on Eurostar, Thalys or any French train, you must properly label your bag(s) with your first and last name. In general, it is a good idea to keep luggage tags on your baggage for easy identification.
Q. Do you offer student, family and/or senior discounts?
A. Yes. Rail Europe offers a wide range of train tickets and rail passes that provide discounts to children, youths, seniors or groups of people that travel together.
Discounted rates vary depending on the type of train ticket or rail pass you are purchasing, and are not always offered.
We do our best to provide you with the cheapest fares for your traveling party and get you the discounts you’re eligible for. This is why it’s important to accurately indicate the composition of your traveling party when requesting fares and schedules or rail pass prices from our website. You may also have to enter the age of certain travellers, so we can determine whether they’re eligible for certain age-related discounts.
Q. How far in advance can I buy my train ticket?
A. Train tickets can be purchased 60 to 180 days in advance, depending on your route of travel. Rail carrier policies vary, depending on when their schedules are available for sale.
For the best deals, purchase your train tickets three months in advance, if possible. But always book as far in advance as you can to assure the best price and to avoid your class of service being sold out (especially during peak travel season on high speed trains).
Q. Is there WiFi onboard?
A. WiFi availability is increasing on European trains. This service, however, is not currently offered on ALL trains. Where it is offered, it’s usually complimentary with the purchase of a First class ticket. If you’re traveling in Second class, you may incur a fee to connect to the WiFi service.
Here is a brief list of trains offering WiFi:
ICE (select trains)
SJ High Speed
In addition, WiFi access can typically be found at many major train stations throughout Western Europe. More than likely, you’ll encounter a small fee to use the WiFi service. In some stations First class ticket/pass holders will find complimentary WiFi, usually in designated First class lounges.
Q. Are lockers and luggage storage services available at the train station?
A. Most major train stations have a left luggage facility offering either self-serve luggage lockers or staffed luggage facilities.
Keep in mind that there is a fee to store your luggage at a train station. Typically, stations will charge a flat rate to rent a luggage locker that you’re free to fill. For staffed luggage facilities, you may incur a “per bag” fee. In either case, the fee is usually under 10 Euros. If you do leave your bags, be sure to keep some money in your pockets for the luggage lockers.
Q. Can I get off the train and get back on later using my train ticket?
A. In most cases, this is not possible. Train tickets that include a reservation are only valid for a single ride on the train for which the reservation was issued. While stepping off the train is possible if the train makes intermediary stops, you wouldn’t be allowed to resume your trip by boarding another train with the same ticket. Your train ticket is only valid on the train printed on it.
Open train tickets may be the exception. They can allow you to hop off and back on another train on a given route to continue your itinerary, as long as that new train doesn’t require or offer reservations. Special conditions do apply for breaks on regional trains, so it’s a good idea to confirm locally.
If you’re traveling with an open ticket and a reservation for your original train, you forfeit that reservation for the remaining part of your journey when you hop off. You may hop back on another train that doesn’t require a reservation, but you’d essentially be traveling with an open train ticket only and not have a reserved seat. Again, special conditions do apply for breaks on regional trains, so it is a good idea to confirm locally.
Q. If my train crosses a border, will I need to show my passport to the conductor?
A. If you’re traveling between countries participating in the Schengen Agreement, you will not need to show your passport at the border crossings. If you are traveling between countries not part of the Schengen Agreement, you will have to show your passport at border crossings. Please note that not all countries of the EU participate in the Schengen Agreement (e.g. Great Britain, Ireland). On the other side, there are countries which are not part of the EU but which participate in the Schengen Agreement (e.g. Switzerland, Norway).
Q. Will I be sharing my sleeping compartment with strangers?
A. If you book a reservation for a bed in a compartment that can accommodate more people than are in your traveling party, yes, additional people may be in the compartment. It’s also important to note that couchette accommodations are usually not gender specific.
Q. Can I open the train windows?
A. If you’re traveling on a slower train you may have the option to open a window, depending on the age and configuration of the car. However, most modern rail cars are air-conditioned and you won’t have the option of opening the windows.
For safety reasons, high speed trains don’t offer the option of opening windows.
Q. How much luggage can I take on the train?
A. Technically, you’re not restricted in terms of luggage. However, keep in mind that you’ll need to carry your bags through the train station and onto the train. Once on board you’ll need to find a place to put your bag(s). Small and medium sized bags typically fit on racks located above the seats. Larger suitcases and such can be stored in luggage racks found near the train door entrance.
Be aware that you are responsible for your luggage. The railways assume no responsibility in case of loss or theft of baggage carried on board.
When traveling on a Eurostar, Thalys, or TGV train, you are limited to two large items per traveller (one large item per child on Eurostar trains), maximum 85cm (33 inches) in any one dimension, plus one small item of hand luggage.
Your bag(s) must be properly labeled with your first and last name. In general, it’s a good idea to keep luggage tags on your baggage for easy identification.
Q. What happens if my train crosses an international border during the night?
A. If you travel in a sleeper compartment, you provide the train attendant with your reservation voucher, rail pass or train ticket, and passport as you board. They can then take care of everything with conductors and customs officials so you can sleep uninterrupted.
If you travel in a regular train that just happens to cross the border at night, customs and border control officers may come directly to you and ask for your passport.
Please note that there will be no passport control (day or night) when traveling between countries that signed the Schengen Agreement. Not all countries belonging to the EU are part of the Schengen Agreement (e.g. Britain). On the flip side, some countries that are not part of the EU are part of the Schengen Agreement (e.g. Switzerland).
Q. Are European trains "child friendly"?
A. Many European trains have baby changing facilities and/or family friendly play areas.
Intercités trains in France, some InterCity Swiss trains, InterCity Finnish trains and ICE trains in Germany offer play areas or dedicated compartments for families with children. The Austrian RailJet is even equipped with a movie theater especially for children.
Please note: If traveling on Eurostar, you should not travel in Premier class with children. This area is dedicated to and caters primarily to business travellers.
Q. Why doesn’t my train ticket show my date or time of travel?
A. If your train ticket does not show a date or time of travel, most likely you have a point to point train ticket without a reservation. You can use your ticket on any train that doesn’t require a reservation, operating between the cities listed on your train ticket, and on any date within the validity period printed on the ticket.
Q. Will the train cars be air conditioned/heated?
A. All European trains are fully heated and many are air-conditioned, as well.
Some regional trains servicing local villages for short distances may not have air-conditioning. In these situations, travellers are permitted to open the train windows.
Q. Are there lounges at the train station I can access with my Rail Europe tickets?
A. Some of the main train stations in larger European cities offer lounges. Access to lounges depends on the type of train ticket you have; generally a First class ticket is needed.
Trains that offer lounge access are:
TGV Est
TGV International
Trenitalia International Night
Spanish Night Trains
To learn more about lounge access for any of the above trains, we encourage you to visit the product page for the train.
Q. What should I do if a strike has been announced in the country I’m traveling to?
A. Typically, a strike only affects a few trains along certain routes. If a strike is called within a country, you may continue your travels if there are train services operating. If your train is affected by a strike, railway officials typically provide accommodations for either alternate train, or in some cases, bus transportation.
If a train is canceled by the railroads due to a strike, and alternate transportation has not been offered or if you decline the alternate transportation, then a railway official at the origin station must cancel your seat and they must stamp the back of your ticket/reservation “Not Used Due to strike” before the original train departure time. Our partners at the European Railroads will not allow us to process a refund unless this step has been taken.
This process will allow you to submit that train ticket/reservation for a refund. Please be sure that all refund requests are received by our Customer Relations department within 30-days of the train departure date.
Q. What other types of services are available at the station?
A. Most European train stations provide a variety of services, including currency exchanges, information desks, lockers for luggage, arrival/departure boards, restrooms, coffee shops, and gift shops. Some larger stations in larger cities have WiFi hotspots, lounges for business travellers, and restaurants and bars.
View our Train Station page to see specifics on a particular train station in Europe. The link can be found in the footer on any page on the website.
Q. Where can I find more information about European train stations?
A. We offer valuable information on the most popular train stations in Europe. You can find a link to our Train Station page in the footer on any page on the website.
Q. What should I do if the train is late?
A. It depends if you’re traveling with train tickets that include a reservation or with open tickets. If your train ticket includes a reservation, then it’s only valid for travel on the train for which it was issued. If the train is late, you’ll need to wait until it arrives.
If you’re traveling with open tickets you can decide to take another train, as long is it doesn’t require a reservation and travels the same route as the one for which your open ticket was issued.
Q. Is it possible to have travellers of different genders in the same sleeping compartment?
A. For gender specific compartments, men and women must be in separate sleeping compartments. However, if you reserve all beds within a compartment, you may mix genders.
Gender-specific compartments include private, double, triple, deluxe double, deluxe triple, and quad sleeping compartments. If your traveling party doesn’t fill the compartment, you will be divided by gender.
Q. Do I need to make a reservation if I’m traveling with a rail pass on an overnight train?
A. Yes. Even with your rail pass, you will need to make a reservation on any overnight train. Reservations are required for sleeping compartments, couchettes, and seats. Depending on where you’re traveling, the guidelines of the specific train and/or the type of rail pass you have, you may be entitled to purchase a reservation in place of a full price ticket.
You can search for overnight reservations directly on our website - just be sure to select the "I have a rail pass" option.
Q. Can I choose a specific seat when booking a train ticket?
A. At this time, we are unable to offer this service. Unlike airlines, most rail carriers do not offer the possibility to select your specific seat.
Q. I have a train ticket for a train that didn’t run or was delayed due to a strike. What now?
A. If your train doesn’t travel due to a delay or strike, please have your train ticket stamped “Not Used due to Strike” by a railway official at the origin station and return it to our Customer Relations department within 30-days from the train departure date.
For immediate help, a railway official should be able to provide you with details on alternate accommodations. Simply visit the ticket window.
Important: If a train is canceled by the railroads due to a strike, and alternate transportation has not been offered or if you decline the alternate transportation, then a railway official at the origin station must cancel your seat and they must stamp the back of your ticket/reservation “Not Used Due to strike” before the original train departure time.
Q. Do I need to show my passport to board the train?
A. If you’re traveling with a rail pass and this is your very first train trip, you’ll need to present your passport to the railway official at the ticket window to activate your pass, before you board the train.
Please note that there will be no passport control (day or night) when traveling between countries that signed the Schengen Treaty. Not all countries belonging to the EU are part of the Schengen Treaty (e.g. Great Britain, Ireland). On the flip side, some countries that are not part of the EU are part of the Schengen Treaty (e.g. Switzerland, Norway).
Q. Can I bring food and drinks on board?
A. Of course you can! Eating and drinking are permitted on all European trains.
You will also have the option to purchase food and drinks if the train you’re traveling on offers food services.
Q. What should I do if I missed my scheduled train? Can I take the next one?
A. If you’re traveling with open tickets, you can take any train that doesn’t require a reservation, traveling on the route for which your open ticket was issued.
If you have an open train ticket and a reservation, you can forfeit your reservation and still use your open ticket on a train running on the same route that doesn’t require a reservation.
If your train ticket is a combined ticket and reservation, then you cannot simply board the next train. You may need to purchase a new train ticket for that train or exchange your current ticket for a new one.
First, read the exchange conditions for your train ticket. This can be found printed with your actual ticket if you have a paper ticket, or on your Rail Europe email invoice. This will allow you to determine whether your train ticket is exchangeable or not.
If you have a non-exchangeable ticket you will have to purchase a new train ticket, regardless of the delivery method of your ticket.
If you have a semi-flexible or flexible ticket (i.e. your train ticket can be exchanged for a fee and/or under certain conditions), then you may be able to exchange your current ticket for a new one. In general, these exchanges must take place prior to the train’s departure.
Contact us as soon as possible to initiate the exchange process, before the train’s departure. If you are unable to reach us by phone, seek the assistance of a station agent. Never board a train with a train ticket that includes a reservation for a different train, unless specifically authorized to do so by a railway official.
Q. How do I know the right rail pass and how many days I should purchase?
A. We provide simple tools on our site to help make finding the best products for your journey - easy! Our tools help you find both the most cost effective and logical travel solution for your travel needs.
Use our Interactive Rail Map to help you plan your journey, our site will then display available options to bring that journey to life with rail passes, train tickets, and even great add-on products that can truly enhance your experience. Enter the number of days you wish to stay in a particular city, and where you wish to travel next, and our system will provide you with the best options for your itinerary.
The more you know about the train rides you plan on taking, the better you’ll be able to research which trains are running, how long each of those rides take, whether or not you’ll be traveling on night trains, etc… All these factors determine how many travel days you’ll need on a pass.
Q. Do I need to buy a reservation if I already have a rail pass? How do I book one?
A. If you plan to travel on a high speed, scenic, or overnight train, you will need a reservation as many of these types of trains require them - even if you have a rail pass. Seat reservations guarantee you a seat on the train you wish to travel on. While additional fees apply, many trains offer reduced fares to passholders. When you reserve your train, be sure to check the box that states "I have a rail pass", this will allow our system to find the best fare possible for your journey.
Q. What information do I need to provide when booking a rail pass? Do the names on the rail pass and the passports have to match?
A. When you book your rail pass, you will need to provide us with your first and last name, exactly as they appear on your passport. The name you enter will appear on your rail pass and will be verified by a railway official when you activate the rail pass. In addition, some rail passes are pre-activated and require you to enter the first date of travel.
Q. What's the difference between a rail pass and a train ticket?
A. A rail pass and a train ticket are two completely different types of travel documents.
A train ticket is valid for a single journey between two cities. Many tickets also include a reservation, which mean that they are valid only for a specific train, on a specific date and at a given time. To learn more about tickets, read our article: tickets explained.
A rail pass, on the other hand, is good for travel in an entire geographical area (1 country, 2 countries or more). With it you can take as many train trips as you want within that geographical area, for as many travel days as you purchased, within a set period of time (the pass validity period).
Q. A rail strike in Europe prevented me from fully using my rail pass as intended. Can I get a refund on the unused days?
A. Passes that have been activated or partially used are not eligible for a refund. You may wish to have your pass cancelled and noted by a European railroad official that it was “not used due to a strike” and return it to our customer relations department. The claim will be reviewed to see if we are able to provide compensation depending on the European railroads’ policies. Please send us a message using the Contact Us page on our site.
Q. What happens if I board a train with my rail pass but forgot to purchase a reservation?
A. We suggest advising the conductor as soon as possible of the situation and purchase the required reservation. If you’re traveling on a train that requires a reservation you could be fined.
Q. What if I’ve purchased a Twin/Saver pass and one of the travellers decides not to travel that day?
A. It’s perfectly fine, but the traveller who didn’t travel will still use a travel day on their pass.
If you’re all traveling on the same day, but split up and take different trains, those not carrying the pass will need to buy separate train tickets.
Q. Should I buy my rail pass or train ticket before I leave for Europe?
A. Yes. We find that when traveling abroad, it’s always best to book before you depart from home. That way, you’ll arrive with the proper paper documents in-hand and avoid fully booked trains that can disrupt your travel plans. This is especially important during the summer months when trains in Europe tend to sell out quickly due to increased tourism.
Most trains can be reserved 90-days in advance of the day you’d like to travel. Again, it’s best to reserve as soon as possible to guarantee that you’ll have a seat on board.
Q. Can I add a friend to my existing rail pass?
A. Once a rail pass has been printed, another name cannot be added. We may be able to exchange the rail pass through our contact center, but exchange fees and penalties will apply. The only exception is if you bought the Rail Protection Plan along with your rail pass. In that case, you’re eligible to exchange your rail pass for a new one that includes your friend, without incurring any fee or penalty. You’ll just need to pay the additional cost of the rail pass for your friend.
Q. Can I purchase a rail pass when I'm in Europe?
A. In general, rail passes can only be purchased prior to your arrival in Europe and cannot be purchased locally. If you’re already in Europe and would like to purchase a rail pass, we may be able to assist you, please call us at 1-800-622-8600.
With international shipping, we can send your rail pass to Austria, Belgium, Denmark, England, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Scotland, Spain, Sweden, or Switzerland. The fee for orders sent to Europe is $40 USD or $45 CAD and delivery takes 3 to 7 Business days.
Q. I want to refund my rail pass. How do I proceed?
A. If you have an unused, unvalidated rail pass that you would like to submit for a refund, please visit our Cancellation and Refunds page. Be sure to review the refund and exchange policies for your rail pass prior to purchase so you are aware of any penalties or return fees.
When you are ready to mail your rail pass to us for a refund, it is strongly recommended that you send these documents by some type of traceable mail for proof of delivery.
Q. What happens if I don’t fill out my rail pass before boarding the train?
A. Those who travel with a rail pass in which the travel date is not filled in the travel calendar box risk payment of a full fare ticket and a fine.
Q. I’ve written the wrong date on my rail pass travel calendar box. What should I do?
A. If the wrong date is written in the travel calendar box, you will need to enter the correct date in the next travel calendar box. Unfortunately, once the date has been entered in the travel calendar box, it cannot be corrected and there’s no way to recover that travel day on the rail pass. Be very careful when filling out the date on your rail pass as mistakes cannot be corrected. An altered travel date could be viewed as an attempt of fraud and could lead to fines or other penalties.
Q. Can I share my rail pass with others (family, friends, or charity)?
A. No. Rail passes are strictly personal and non-transferable. A rail pass is valid only upon presentation of a passport. Therefore the name(s) printed on the rail pass must match the traveller’s identification.
Q. Can I get a refund for unused days on my rail pass?
A. No. Partially used rail passes cannot be refunded. Only unused rail passes that have not been activated are eligible for a refund within the allowed time frame.
Q. What do I need to show to the conductor when traveling by train with a rail pass?
A. While traveling with a rail pass, you will need to show the conductor your pass. Be sure your pass is activated prior to boarding the train. For trains that require reservations, be sure to have your valid reservations ready to show the conductor, as well. Lastly, it is not uncommon for a conductor to request to see your passport, best to keep it handy.
Q. What is the difference between a flexi pass and a consecutive/continuous pass?
A. A flexi pass is valid for a specific number of travel days to be used within the overall validity period of that rail pass. For example, 15 days of unlimited train travel to be used within a 2-month period. With this kind of rail pass, you can pick and choose any days (they don’t have to be consecutive) to travel within the rail pass’ validity period.
Continuous (or consecutive) rail passes such as the Eurail Global Pass, are valid for unlimited train travel during the whole duration of the pass’ validity period. In other words, with a 15-day Eurail Global Pass, you can travel for 15 consecutive days by train. Even if you don’t take the train each and every day, those days will be considered used.
Q. Can I sit in First class if I have a Second class rail pass?
A. In general, you cannot travel in first class with a second class rail pass.
In certain cases it may be possible to purchase an upgrade for your trip, you can visit the ticket window at your departure train station prior to boarding your train.
Q. What if I have a group of 10 or more purchasing rail passes?
A. Please contact our Groups Department who can arrange customized travel solutions perfect for your travellers.
Q. My plans have changed and I won’t be able to use my rail pass. Can I get a refund?
A. You can submit your rail pass for a refund. Please be advised that there is a 15% penalty. Only unused and unvalidated (non-activated) rail passes can be refunded. The pass must be returned to Rail Europe, along with a brief letter mentioning the original reference number of the booking. It’s strongly recommended that you send these documents by some type of traceable mail for proof of delivery.
If you purchased the Rail Protection Plan™ and your rail pass is covered, you’re eligible to receive a credit for its entire value. No fee or penalty will be applied, and you can use this credit towards any future Rail Europe purchase within 2 years. Please read more about the Rail Protection Plan™ and for instructions on how to file a claim.
Please visit our Cancellation and Refunds page for more information.
Q. Does each journey I take require using a separate day of travel on my rail pass?
A. No. You can take as many train journeys as you want within one day and only use one day, as long as your last train ride arrives before 11:59pm.
Q. Can a rail pass be issued as an e ticket or e pass?
A. At this time, most rail passes are printed as a paper document and must be shipped to you prior to your departure to Europe. If a rail pass is offered as an e-pass this option will be offered at the time of booking. For rail passes offered as e-passes, you will need to print it out on paper prior to arriving at the train station.
Q. Who is eligible to buy a rail pass?
A. Rail passes are available to anyone except residents of Europe, the United Kingdom, Morocco, Turkey or any of the countries of the former Soviet Union. If you’re a resident of these countries we can’t sell you our rail passes, but there are other similar options available to you such as the InterRail pass.
Q. Can my family sit together if I have a First class rail pass and my child has a Second class youth pass?
A. Yes, of course! However, everyone will need to sit in Second class. The rule is with a First class pass you can sit in either First or Second class, with a Second class pass you can only sit in Second class. If you wish to travel in First class and the rail pass you are interested in does not offer a First class youth option, you will need to purchase an adult pass for your youth traveller.
Be mindful if you intend to book seat reservations that you book in the class of service you intend to sit in. Once a reservation has been issued, you must sit in the seat that has been assigned to you.
Q. Do I need to book a rail pass for everyone in my traveling party, including children and infants?
A. You will need to book a rail pass for each adult and child. In the case of a saver pass, it’s one rail pass with each traveller’s name listed on the pass. Some rail passes offer free child discounts, the children need to be added to the rail pass at the time of booking, there will be no charge incurred for them, however. While a child under 4 years of age and sharing a seat with an adult does not need to book a rail pass. If the child will occupy his/her own seat, a rail pass must be purchased for them, as well as a reservation when needed.
Q. Why should I purchase my train tickets before I leave for Europe instead of while there?
A. While you can purchase train tickets locally, it has been our experience that the earlier you book the more likely you are to get the best fares. The longer you wait, the more likely the cheaper fares will be sold out. By booking early, you can avoid a higher ticket price.
Buying in advance also can save you a lot of time. You won’t have to wait in line at the train station. And considering how precious your vacation time is, why not spend it relaxing instead of worrying about your next train ticket?
Q. Do rail passes cover commuter trains or airport shuttle trains?
A. Yes. Certain rail passes do, but not all.
It’s best to view the product page of the rail pass you are interested in to learn about all the benefits it offers travellers.
Q. Can I exchange or refund my rail pass while in Europe?
A. Unused and unvalidated rail passes can be exchanged for an alternate rail pass of equal or greater value. A 7% administration fee, any price difference, and additional shipping fees would apply. Some promotional rail passes are non-exchangeable; please read the terms and conditions for these passes for more details. Exchanges and refunds for rail passes cannot be performed locally at the train station.
Q. I have a question about my promo code. Who should I contact?
A. Please contact us via our Contact Us page with any questions about promo codes.
Q. Are there discounts available for rail passes?
A. Yes, many rail passes offer discounted options. The most common discounts are:
Child discount: Children between 4 -11 years of age usually travel for half the price of the regular adult rate. Most Eurail passes offer free travel for up to two children per adult pass holder.
Youth Discount: If you or anyone in your party is a traveller aged 12 to under 28 years of age on the first date of travel, discounted rates are available for certain rail passes.
Senior Discount: Seniors over the age of 60 are eligible for a discounted rate on certain rail passes.
Saver Discount: Small groups of 2 to 5 people traveling together are eligible for savings of about 15% on certain rail passes.
Group Discount: If you travel in a party of 10 or more, see our special group offers for a more customized travel solution.
Q. What is the questionnaire that comes with my rail pass? Do I have to fill it out?
A. The questionnaire (or travel report) on the ticket jacket containing your Eurail pass is a required survey used by the European railways to better understand how Eurail passes are used throughout Europe. A gift is offered by Eurail for completing and returning the questionnaire to the supplied address. Upon receiving the travel report, Eurail should send the free gift within 4-6 weeks.
Q. How far in advance can I buy my rail pass?
A. A rail pass can be purchased anywhere from 6 to 11 months prior to your first travel day. We advise you to check the specific conditions of use for the pass you are interested in.
Q. Can I use my rail pass on any train within its area of coverage?
A. In general, yes, but there are some exceptions and a few rules to keep in mind.
First, be mindful that some trains (such as high speed, scenic, and night trains) require rail pass holders to purchase reservations at an additional cost.
For international train journeys, be sure that your rail pass covers the country of departure, country of arrival, and any countries through which your train will travel.
Lastly, some private rail lines in certain countries don’t offer reservations for rail pass holders and don’t accept rail passes. In these cases, you can purchase a train ticket locally for the desired journey.
Q. Do I need to do anything with my rail pass before boarding the train?
A. Yes. You will need to visit the ticket window at the train station before boarding your first train to activate your rail pass. A railroad official will enter the first and last day of validity on your rail pass and stamp your rail pass. You will have to show your passport, and the name on your rail pass will need to match it. Then, in case of a flexi-pass, for each day you use your rail pass you will need to enter the date in the designated travel calendar box on your rail pass. If you board a train and have not entered the date, when the conductor comes around to check your travel documents you may be subject to a fine and the payment of full fare ticket that will need to be paid in local currency directly to the conductor. Be sure to read all documentation that accompanies your rail pass prior to departure. The more you know about your rail pass, the more likely you are to avoid issues onboard the train.
Q. What is a travel day on a rail pass?
A. A travel day on a rail pass is a 24-hour period, from midnight to midnight, during which you can take as many train journeys as you desire. Since rail passes use calendar days, journeys within 24-hours of each other but on different days will count as two travel days.
Q. What is the "validity period" of a rail pass?
A. The validity period of a rail pass is the time period in which you must complete your travels with your rail pass. This period is calculated from the date stamped on the rail pass by the railway official.
With a flexi pass this period is defined as a certain number of calendar months – typically one or two.
With a continuous day pass the validity period equals the number of travel days.
Q. What do I do if my train goes through a country not listed on my rail pass?
A. If your train travels through a country not listed on your rail pass, even though the country of origin and country of arrival are covered by your rail pass, you need to purchase a ticket for the uncovered portion of the journey. We suggest doing this at a ticket counter in advance. You don’t need to buy a ticket for the entire journey, just the section not covered by the purchased rail pass.
Q. Can I print my rail pass at the station?
A. At this time, most rail passes are printed as a paper document and must be shipped to you prior to your departure to Europe. If a rail pass is offered as an e-pass this option will be offered at the time of booking. For rail passes offered as e-passes, you will need to print it out on paper prior to arriving at the train station..
Q. I made a mistake when I ordered my rail pass. How can I correct it?
A. Once your rail pass has been printed, it is not possible to modify it. If you absolutely need to do it, you can pay a 15% penalty and a 7% processing fee to exchange it. If you catch the mistake and call us right away - prior to your rail pass being printed, we may be able to modify it for you. If you bought the Rail Protection Plan™ when you ordered your rail pass, you can exchange your original pass at full value and use it towards the new one, with no fee or penalty incurred. Read more about the Rail Protection Plan™ coverage and how to file a claim.
Q. What should I do If I've already bought my rail pass, and now want to add another country?
A. Once your rail pass has been printed, it is not possible to modify it. If you absolutely need to do it, you can pay a 15% penalty and a 7% processing fee to exchange it. Depending on how much you plan to travel in the additional country, it may be more cost effective to purchase regular train tickets for those trips.
The only exception is if you bought the Rail Protection Plan™ when you ordered your rail pass. In this case, you can exchange your original pass at full value and use it towards the new one, with no fee or penalty incurred. Read more about the Rail Protection Plan™ coverage and how to file a claim.
Q. Can I board the train if I forgot my rail pass but have my seat reservation?
A. While you can board the train, the conductor will make you purchase a full fare ticket on-board, and you may be fined. It’s best to keep your rail pass in a safe place with all of your travel documents to avoid this situation!
Q. Can I print my train ticket at the station?
A. Some, but not all train tickets can be printed at a train station in Europe. Once you’ve selected a particular train ticket and begin checkout, all delivery options will be presented to you. You will then be able to select, if offered, “Print at the Station e-ticket”.
Q. What’s the difference between a seat reservation and a train ticket?
A. A train ticket is a travel document that allows you to board a train for a journey, but does not necessarily guarantee an accommodation (seat/sleeper) assigned to you on board. A reservation guarantees you a specific accommodation on a specific train.
In many cases, train tickets are issued as combined ticket and reservation: you receive one travel document that indicates the specific train and seat assignment. This is the case for most high speed trains such as Eurostar, Thalys and TGV, as well as for night trains.
In some other cases, you may receive a train ticket and a separate travel document for your reservation.
By itself, a reservation can never be used to board a train. It must be used in conjunction with an open train ticket, as we’ve just described, or with a rail pass.
Q. It looks like my train ticket does not include a reservation. How can I add one?
A. Whenever possible, train tickets sold by Rail Europe include a reservation. If you received a ticket without a reservation, it typically means that the train you’ll be traveling on doesn’t require a reservation, and in most cases is non-reservable.
Q. How can I book an itinerary with multiple cities?
A. Our website makes booking multi-city journeys very easy!
Simply enter the cities you plan to depart from, arrive to, and your travel dates. Our system will then search the database to provide the best matching schedules.
Q. Do the prices quoted on the website include all fees and taxes?
A. Fares quoted in our booking engine do not include fees. Depending on the booking delivery method you choose some fees may apply, like a delivery fee, and a processing fee. All fees will be visible to you during checkout. Rail Europe does not collect sale tax on products sold on our sites.
Q. Should I buy my seat reservations prior to arriving in Europe, or can I just get them at the station locally?
A. We recommend that you purchase your reservations as soon as possible, once you’ve determined which train journeys you’d like to take and what dates you’ll need them.
In most cases, rail carriers set aside a limited number of seats for stand-alone reservations. Once those seats have sold out, only regular full-fare tickets can be bought for the train. Because of the limited reservation-only inventory, these seats do in fact sell out, especially during peak travel seasons such as the holidays or summer. The cost difference between a stand-alone reservation and a full-priced ticket can amount to a hundred dollars or more. There’s nothing more frustrating than being unable to use your rail pass and having to buy a full priced ticket at significant cost. Therefore, we highly encourage you to lock down your reservation and make the most of your travel budget as soon as possible.
Also keep in mind that reservations can be purchased online from Rail Europe’s website and iPhone App. Many rail carriers do not sell stand-alone reservations through their website and in most cases, you will have to go in person to the rail station to buy your reservation when in Europe.
Q. How far in advance can I purchase a train ticket?
A. Train tickets can be purchased in a booking horizon of 30 to 180 days in advance of a journey. This booking horizon depends on the route and each rail carrier’s policy.
In order to take advantage of the best prices and availability, always book as far in advance as possible. It’s particularly important to book early during peak travel seasons to ensure you can travel on the date you wish.
Please note – when planning a journey you can always enter a date within 30 days of today to view general travel times and ticket fares.
Booking horizon by country (in advance of the date of travel):*
Austria - 90 days
Balkans - 60 days
Benelux (International) - 90 days
Croatia/Slovenia (International) - 90 days
Czech Republic (International) - 60 days
Denmark - 60 days
Finland - 60 days
France - 90 days
Germany - 180 days
Great Britain - 75 days
Hungary (International) - 90 days
Italy - 120 days
Montenegro/Serbia - 90 days
Norway - 90 days
Spain - 60 days
Sweden - 180 days
Switzerland - 90 days
Poland (Domestic) - 30 days
Poland (International) - 60 days
Romania (Domestic) - 30 days
Romania (International) - 90 days
Russia - 45 days
Booking horizons for the major train lines or carriers (in advance of the date of travel):*
Allegro - 60 days
ATOC Britain - 90 days
Berlin-Warsaw Express - 60 days
DB - 180 days
Eurostar - 180 days
France-Freiburg (Breisgau)TGV - 90 days
France-Germany High Speed - 90 days
France-Italy TGV - 90 days
France - Russia - 60 days
France-Spain High Speed - 119 days
Germany-Italy Day - 120 days
Hungarian Trains - 90 days
ICE - 180 days
Lusitania - 60 days
Lyria - 90 days
NTV Italo - 120 days
RENFE - 60 days
Romanian Night Trains - 90 days
Thalys - 90 days
Thello Night - 120 days
Tolstoy - 60 days
Trenitalia (Domestic) - 120 days
Trenitalia (International) - 120 days
*Subject to change.
Q. Do you offer e-tickets?
A. Yes, on certain rail lines. There are two types of e-tickets:
Print at home and Print at the Station
Let’s begin with Print at Home e-tickets, of which there are 3 different types.
The first type of e-tickets are those issued as a PDF’s which will be emailed to you and can be downloaded via a link contained in your Rail Europe email confirmation. You must print the PDF (using a printer) and bring your ticket with you to board the train.
The second type of e-tickets are those that are individually emailed to you. You must print the email (using a printer) and bring it with you to board the train – this is your train ticket. Each ticket will be in a separate email, so if you booked more than one ticket, please be sure you print all tickets that were emailed to you.
The last type of e-tickets are those which have a unique e-ticket confirmation code that is printed on your Rail Europe confirmation email. You must provide the e-ticket confirmation code along with your id to the conductor on board the train.
Next, Print at the station e-tickets!
You will receive a 6 or 8 alpha-numeric e-ticket confirmation code (also known as a PNR or Passenger Name Record) in your Rail Europe confirmation email, which you then enter into a self-service kiosk at the train station in Europe to print out your actual train ticket.
Use this e-ticket confirmation code at a self-service kiosk at the train station to retrieve your ticket. Not all rail lines offer these e-ticket options. Once you have selected a ticket on our website, you’ll be able to choose from its available methods of issuance at checkout.
Q. Does my train ticket include a seat reservation?
A. Rail Europe tickets include a reservation whenever possible. To tell if you have a reservation, see if you received one or two travel documents for your trip. If you received two travel documents, you probably received an open ticket and a reservation. The reservation portion will show a train number, car number and seat number assigned to you personally.
If you received only one document, you should also see if it indicates a seat number and car number. If so, your ticket includes a reservation.
The only case where you may not have a reservation with your ticket is if you received an open ticket. With these tickets, you can simply hop on any non- reservable train that travels on the route for which you bought your ticket.
Q. Are there discounts on train tickets?
A. Yes. Discounts are available for select train tickets. some rail carriers offer advance purchase discounts for those who like to book early. In addition, youth, child, and/or senior discounts are offered by some European rail carriers. When you begin your ticket search, be sure to enter in any applicable passenger data so that we can provide you with the best fares for your journey.
Q. Can I request preferences for assigning my seat, such as a forward facing seat, a window, or an aisle?
A. You can make a request for seat locations on the train for some trains, the option will be presented to you when you select a specific train ticket fare. Seat selections cannot be guaranteed, but will be taken into consideration when the reservation is completed. If confirming a seat preference is essential, please contact us prior to booking using the Contact Us page.
Q. Is the price for a reservation the same whether I purchase it from you or locally at the station?
A. It depends. The first factor to consider is that if you purchase your reservation from Rail Europe, you will be charged in your local currency, whereas if you buy your reservation locally, you will be charged in local currency. Thus, by buying with us, you’re avoiding bank or credit card fees for foreign currency transactions.
You may find a less expensive reservation offered by the local rail carrier, but those are limited in availability.
Lastly, keep in mind that by purchasing your reservation from us in advance, you’re saving time, avoiding waiting in line at a foreign ticket counter and dealing with a local railway agent for a reservation right before boarding your train.
Q. I selected a ticket but when I went to place my booking, the price changed. I went back to search for train tickets and saw the same price listed again in the results. Why did this happen?
A. For most trains, the price quoted is based on “live” availability, however, for certain trains we cannot check fare availability at the time of quotation due to the technical limitations of the international rail distribution system. Therefore, we use a stored price to build your quote, based on previously confirmed fares for the trip you requested.
In rare cases, we find out that the fare used for quoting your trip is no longer available upon confirming your reservation. At that time, we receive a new price from the system based on that very moment’s availability.
Unfortunately, due to these same technical limitations, we are unable to update the stored price for a specific train, even if we find out at the time of confirmation that a fare is no longer available.
Rest assured that we’re working actively to ensure that all prices quoted to you are based on live availability and limit the usage of stored prices for quotation purposes.
Q. How can I tell whether or not I have a reserved seat on board?
A. To tell if you have a reservation, first see if you received one or two travel documents for your trip. If you received two travel documents, you probably received an open train ticket and a reservation. The reservation portion will show a train number, car number and seat number assigned to you personally.
If you received only one document, see if it also indicates a seat number and car number. If so, your train ticket includes a reservation.
Q. How do I book a train ticket on your site?
A. We have an easy-to-use booking form right on the homepage of our site. Simply enter your departure and arrival cities, the date you’d like to travel, approximate time of day, and number of passengers. If you have a rail pass, be sure to check the "I have a rail pass" box so that we can search the best fares for your journey.
Q. Do I need to do anything to my train ticket before boarding the train?
A. If you purchased and received a paper train ticket in the mail, there is nothing further you need to do.
If you purchased a print at home e-ticket, be sure to print your ticket before you leave home and keep your train ticket safe and secure. For Italo tickets, just print your Rail Europe email confirmation which includes your unique e-ticket confirmation code(s). This e-ticket confirmation code along with your photo i.d. will be checked when on the Italo train.
If you purchased a print at the station e-ticket, you’ll need to visit a self-service kiosk to print your train ticket (remember, you’ll need the e-ticket confirmation code included on your invoice). When retrieving your e-ticket in France at an SNCF kiosk or in Italy at a Trenitalia kiosk, you will need to “stamp your ticket” (composter votre ticket as French say) prior to boarding the train. Should you have any problems, just ask the conductor of the train to do it for you when you board the train.
Q. Are the fares offered on your website based on live availability?
A. Yes, in most cases. The fares displayed on our website are based on current seat availability at the time you requested the fares and schedules for your journey. our booking engine has a direct link to the inventory of many European rail carriers including SNCF, Eurostar, Thalys, DB, Trenitalia, RENFE, the UK’s Association Of Train Operating Companies, and more.
There are some routes which we can only display a cached price at the time of quotation, based on generally available fares for those trains. Actual confirmation of space and fare occurs upon completion of your order. If there are any issues, you’ll be contacted.
Q. What ways can a train ticket be issued? Paper? e tickets?
A. There are potentially three ways to receive European train tickets.
Paper tickets: the rail pass or train ticket is physically printed at the Rail Europe fulfillment center and shipped to you.
Print at home e-ticket: the train ticket may be issued as a PDF which may either be emailed to you directly, or retrieved via a web link that is communicated to you at the time of purchase, depending on the rail carrier. You must print the PDF from a computer printer on any regular paper prior to boarding the train. Some e-tickets are delivered with a unique e-ticket confirmation code that is printed on your Rail Europe confirmation email. You must provide this e-ticket confirmation code along with your id to the conductor on board the train.
Print at station e-ticket: you will receive an e-ticket confirmation code (also known as PNR or Passenger Name Record) on your confirmation email, as well as a link to detailed instructions for retrieving your ticket. Use this e-ticket code at a self-service kiosk located at the train station in Europe to print out your actual ticket, prior to boarding the train.
Print at home e-ticket and print at station e-ticket are “electronic” delivery methods requiring no physical shipment to you. This means we can issue you an e-ticket whether you’re still at home or already in Europe.
Please note that all three methods are not always offered for a given train ticket. In fact, many tickets only support one of these issuance methods.
Q. Why does my train ticket say “coach” if I bought a ticket in the First class or Premier Category?
A. Don’t worry – the word “coach” on the ticket is another word for train car. It doesn’t mean you’ll be traveling in “coach” class.
Q. How long are train tickets valid for?
A. It depends if you have a ticket with a reservation or a point to point train ticket.
Point to point train tickets are valid within 15 days from the first day of validity printed on the ticket. You can travel with your train ticket on any date within the validity period (however, remember: separate reservations may be necessary, depending on the route).
Tickets with reservations are only valid for the train for which the reservation was issued, on that specific travel date and time of travel.
Q. I’ve noticed a big difference in the cost of seat reservations for different trains. Why?
A. Fares for reservations may vary greatly from one train to another. Unfortunately, we have no control over these prices as they’re set by each individual railroad.
Trains that have higher priced reservations are typically high speed, international trains such as Thalys or Eurostar, as well as night trains.
Various factors are considered by rail carriers when pricing reservations for rail pass holders. These factors can include: the technology used by the train (high speed or regular speed), the types of tracks the train travels on and their associated maintenance cost, the range of services and amenities offered on board, possible tolls incurred by the carriers depending on the train routing (such as tunnel crossing tolls) and partnerships between rail carriers for the operation of cross border trains.
In addition, there are also specific costs associated with traveling on a night train that may include food for dinner and breakfast, as well as cabin maintenance costs (sheets, etc…). Since these costs are not associated with travel on day trains, day train reservations generally cost less.
Q. Can I take any train that travels between the two cities for which I bought my train ticket, or do I have to take a specific train?
A. The answer depends on what type of ticket was issued for your journey. In most cases, we issue tickets that include a seat reservation whenever required or possible. If your tickets include a reservation, you will need to board the train for which the reservation was issued.
If you were issued a train ticket without a reservation, then yes - you can board any train traveling between the cities for which your ticket was issued. It is always advisable to inquire at the train station whether or not a reservation is needed for the train you intend to board. There are certain countries that we cannot issue reservations for: Portugal, Greece, Hungary, Romania, and other Balkan nations. Reservations may be required but will need to be purchased locally.
Q. Can I purchase seat reservations from Rail Europe once I’m already traveling in Europe?
A. Yes, but only when an e-ticket is offered for the train you want to take. If only a paper train ticket is offered, you’ll need (and want) to purchase your reservation(s) locally at the train station to avoid international shipping fees and delivery times.
Q. Do I need to purchase a reservation and if I do, how do I book it?
A. To find out if the train you plan on taking requires travellers with a pass to purchase a seat reservation, use our reservation booking tool.
You can book most reservations from our website or mobile site, prior to your departure to Europe. In some countries, Greece and Portugal as an example, seat reservations are mandatory for some trains and can only be purchased locally.
If you’re already in Europe, you can still purchase your reservation from us as long as e-tickets are offered for the train you wish to travel on.
Q. Why do some German station names have extra characters in the station name?
A. In a few circumstances, German station names are listed with extra characters extended after the official station name. They are of no concern for travellers, and can be disregarded.
Muenchen Hbf Gl.27-36 = Munich Main Train Station
Koeln Messedeutz11-12 = Cologne Messe Deatz Station
Berlin Hbf (Tief) = Berlin Main Train Station
Q. I'm looking to book a train on your site but I can't find it, why?
A. We know it can be frustrating when what you’re looking for is not displaying, let us help, as there could be several reasons for this happening.
1. It could be the case that it is too soon to book the train you wish to travel on. Typically, trains can be booked 3 months in advance. Of course, this can vary by carrier and time of year. Some trains have a longer booking horizon.
2. The train or fare you are looking for is not available. Depending on the time of year, time of day, or train you are looking for, it could be the case that there are no available seats for booking. If your travel dates are flexible, you can select an alternate travel dates to see if the train you are looking for displays.
3. Scheduled track work or maintenance could be scheduled for the day/time you are looking to travel. Carriers will close reservations for these scheduled dates, meaning they will not appear on our site to book.
4. Some trains are private lines or operated by carriers that do not allow other distributors to offer them. In these cases, tickets will need to be secured locally at the station.
Q. I selected a train ticket, but when I placed my booking the price changed. Why? Can the previously quoted price be honored?
A. For most trains, the price quoted is based on live availability from current seat inventories. However, for some trains, we cannot check fare availability at the time of quote due to technical limitations of the international rail distribution system. Therefore, we use a cached price to build your quote, based on generally available fares for the trip you requested.
While rare, sometimes, we find out that the fare used for quoting your trip is no longer available as we’re trying to confirm your reservation. This is when the system gives us the new price based on that very moment’s availability. This explains why you may receive a message advising you that the price has changed from the original quote.
Unfortunately, we are unable to honor the original fare that was displayed online. As mentioned in our terms of use, schedules listed in our booking tool are subject to change depending on availability, and final fares will be confirmed upon purchase.
Q. If I bought my rail pass from another company, can I still book my seat reservations through Rail Europe?
A. Yes. You can book your reservation with Rail Europe regardless of where you purchased your rail pass.
Q. Can I choose a specific seat on a train when making my reservation?
A. At this time, it’s not possible to choose a specific seat on our website when booking a reservation.
Q. Do I need to buy a train ticket for children or infants?
A. In general, any traveller that will occupy a seat will need to have a train ticket. Children under the age of 4 may travel on your lap, though the exact age can vary by rail company. If you want them to have a reserved seat on a train, that offers or requires a reservation, you would need to pay the same price as an older child on most trains.
Q. How do I have my train ticket endorsed to indicate it was not used?
A. If you will not be taking the train and have a train ticket that includes a reservation, contact us by phone or go to the ticket window before the train departure and have your reserved seat released, as a courtesy to other travellers. Request that the cancelled train ticket also be stamped “Not Used".
If a train is canceled by the railroads due to a strike, weather, or other issues, and alternate transportation has not been offered or if you decline the alternate transportation, then a railway official at the origin station must cancel your seat and they must stamp the back of your ticket/reservation “Not Used” before the original train departure time.
Q. How can I find the cheapest train tickets?
A. There are two ways you can ensure you get the best price. The most effective way is to book your train ticket(s) in advance. Many rail carriers operating high speed trains or night trains make a limited number of cheaper seats available for advance purchase. Once those seats have been sold or the purchase window has passed, prices go up. That’s why we recommend booking 60 to 90 days prior to the train departure, especially if you plan on traveling during peak season (summer and holidays).
The other way to ensure you get the best rate is to correctly indicate the composition and number of your traveling party when requesting your fares and schedules. This will allow us to determine eligibility for some reduced fares such as child, youth or senior fares when offered by the rail carrier.
Q. What is a Diabolo fee?
A. The Diabolo fee is a supplement for utilizing the trains in and out of the Brussels Airport Station in Belgium. This nominal fee can be paid at the station or on board the train.
Q. How can I ensure that my traveling party is seated together?
A. In general, when you request fares and schedules for multiple travellers at once, we’ll always attempt to request that they be seated together. The best way to ensure this is to correctly indicate the number of travellers when you request your fares and schedules for your itinerary.
Occasionally, it might not be possible to seat everyone together based on availability at the time of booking, in which case the travellers will be seated in the closest available seats.
If the train you’ll be taking is non-reservable, all you have to do is board the train and sit in any available seat with the rest of your party.
Q. Are the train tickets you send me the actual tickets, or do I need to exchange them at the station?
A. If you selected the paper delivery option, then yes – the travel documents you receive from us in the mail are your actual train tickets. Do not lose them, because we cannot replace them.
Only the original paper ticket will be accepted onboard the train. No other document such as a print out of the email invoice can be used in lieu of the original paper train ticket.
Q. How can I track the status of my refund?
A. To check the status of your refund, you can visit our Contact Us page to send us a message. Please be sure to include your original booking number so that the refund request can be researched.
Refunds processed online for e-tickets are completed immediately. Emails received for e-ticket refunds will be processed on the next business day.
Refunds for paper documents cannot be completed entirely online because your original travel documents must be sent back to us. They will be processed within 1-2 business days after the documents are received by Rail Europe. Our Customer Relations team will contact you once your refund is processed.
Please note that once a refund has been processed, it will take 7-10 business days for it to reflect in your credit card account.
Q. How do I use a promo code?
A. Simply enter your valid promo code on the page where you enter your delivery information for your booking during checkout.
Q. How do I use a Rail Europe Gift Card?
A. Simply use the Gift Card code that was provided by Rail Europe on your certificate. Enter this code on the delivery page during checkout. Note: the full dollar value of the Gift Card doesn’t need to be used all at once; you will be sent a new Gift Card code for any remaining balance.
Q. Can I add products to an earlier booking and avoid paying the shipping or booking fees?
A. Unfortunately, once a booking has been finalized it’s being processed and we’re unable to alter it.
Q. I have a business idea or partnership opportunity for you. Whom should I get in touch with?
A. Marketing Opportunities! Do you think you have products or services that could enrich the experience of our customers? Are you interested in exploring joint marketing initiatives? Do you have compelling content for our website?
We’re always looking to hear from potential partners and put our creative energies together for the benefit of our travellers. If you have any thoughts, feel free to drop us an email at opportunities@raileurope.com .
Q. Where do I my send train tickets and/or rail passes for refund?
A. We recommend that any documents being returned for refund be sent via traceable mail for proof of delivery.
Please visit our Cancellation and Refunds page for information regarding refunds. If you need further assistance we invite you to send us a message using our Contact Us page.
Q. Do you ship to PO and APO boxes?
A. At this time, we are unable to ship to P.O. or A.P.O. boxes.
Q. How can I contact Rail Europe prior to my departure to Europe?
A. Please send us a message from our Contact Us page and we will respond to you via email within 24 to 48 hours.
Q. My promo code is not working. What should I do?
A. If for any reason you experience an issue with your promo code, please verify that all criteria are met for the code to be valid (dates, booking minimum, products, etc.). If all of this seems correct, make sure you’re using the correct code. If you received your code in an email, sometimes it’s best to copy and paste the code to avoid typographical errors.
If you continue to have trouble, get in touch with us using our Contact Us page.
Q. Can I exchange my train ticket after its date of departure?
A. Unfortunately, this is not possible. If a train ticket can be exchanged, it normally must be done prior to the first date of validity on the ticket or the train’s departure date. However, please consult the “after sales conditions” found on your confirmation email for exact exchange rules pertaining to the train ticket you booked.
Q. Can I give or resell my train ticket to someone else? Or can I travel with someone else’s ticket?
A. It depends if the train ticket has your name printed on it or not. In general, most tickets that include a reservation are name-specific and should only be used by the traveller whose name is printed.
Open tickets, on the other hand, are not name-specific. Different travellers can use them as long as the new traveller is eligible for the fare issued.
Q. How can I track my shipment?
A. A shipping confirmation email will be sent to you when your booking has shipped and it will contain the tracking number for your travel documents. Please use this email to track your package.
Q. Are train tickets exchangeable and refundable?
A. It depends. Exchange and refund rules are governed by the kind of fare you booked.
When browsing fares on our website, you can read a brief description of each fare flexibility level, and then see the full exchange and refund conditions for each fare.
Once you have booked a train ticket with us, its exchange and refund rules will be indicated in your Rail Europe booking confirmation email, as well as printed with your train ticket and/or on the ticket jacket in the case of paper tickets. Please note that train tickets must be received for exchange or refund within the allowed time frame mentioned in the exchange and refund conditions.
Refunds, when applicable, can only be applied to unused and unvalidated train tickets.
Be sure to view the complete refund and exchange rules for the product you are booking to see any applicable penalty and administrative fees.
If you’ve purchased the Rail Protection Plan to cover your train ticket, you can exchange it for either the same thing or a new product. To start an exchange under the Rail Protection Plan, please contact us via our Contact Us page.
Q. How do I get a promo code?
A. The best way to stay informed of all current promotions and to receive promo codes is to create a user account and to subscribe to our newsletter. All publicly available promo codes can be found on our Deals page. We also issue individual, one time use promo codes at our discretion to customers who are eligible for certain discounts or have participated in certain promotions or marketing activities.
Q. Who should I contact with a question about a special offer?
A. Questions about special offers may be submitted to us by filling in our Contact Form on this website. We will respond within 24-48 hours.
Q. I have a question about my Rail Europe Gift Card. Who should I contact?
A. Just send us a message on our Contact Us page and we will respond to you via email within 24 to 48 hours.
Q. What are the fees associated with getting a train ticket refunded?
A. The first type of fee is carrier penalties. These are charges determined by the rail carrier depending on the exchange and refund conditions associated with your original train ticket. For example, there may be a 15% penalty assessed for exchanges, which means that only 85% of the value of the original ticket will be carried over for the purchase of a new ticket. Or there may be a fixed penalty charged for exchanges, or no fee at all.
The second type of fee is Rail Europe’s administrative fee. This fee is charged in addition to applicable carrier penalties. The processing fee is 7% of the cost of the original train ticket.
Q. I’m leaving for Europe within 3 days and need to buy train tickets or rail passes. What are my options?
A. Some European train operators now offer electronic ticketing. If the train you’re interested in offers this, you can buy a train ticket up until its day of travel and retrieve it locally at the station using your unique e-ticket confirmation code or by printing it at home before you leave.
Currently, e-tickets are only offered on Eurostar, Thalys, Renfe, Talgo, Italo & Trenitalia along with select German, French (including international TGVs), and British trains. This type of ticketing will be available on other routes in the near future. At this time, the only rail passes available as e-passes are the Renfe Spain Pass and Swiss Travel Pass.
All other trains, certain activity vouchers, and rail passes must be issued as a paper document and mailed to you prior to your departure. If you’re leaving within three days, you should contact us via our Contact Us page and we’ll be able to advise whether there’s enough time for you to get your train ticket or rail pass prior to your leaving for Europe.
Q. How can I request a brochure from your company?
A. We have made our brochures conveniently available online in an effort to reduce the amount of paper used. You can download Rail Europe’s full-color Europe on Track or Rail Europe Collection brochures.
Q. What if my shipment gets lost?
A. If you believe that your shipment is lost, please contact us as soon as possible using our Contact Us page.
If you’re departing soon and your booking is lost, we will work with you for the best possible solution to deliver your travel documents before you leave.
Q. What is the 7:00 pm rule?
A. Overnight train journeys departing after 7:00pm and arriving after 4:00am without any change of train will count as one travel day. The date of arrival should be recorded on your rail pass.
Overnight train journeys departing after 7:00pm that arrive or involve a connection between midnight - 4am count as two travel days on your rail pass.
Q. I haven't departed for Europe yet and want to exchange or refund my train ticket. How do I proceed?
A. There are different ways you can exchange or refund a train ticket prior to your departure to Europe, but they depend in whether you booked a paper ticket or e-ticket.
For refunds:
If you booked a paper train ticket, the original ticket must be returned to us for the refund to be finalized. Please visit the Contact Us page for further information.
It’s strongly suggested that you send your documents by some type of traceable mail for proof of delivery.
If you booked an e-ticket from our website, you can usually complete the refund online via our Cancellation and Refund page. The refund will be processed immediately and no further action on your part will be required.
Similar to the previous situation, the original paper train ticket must be returned to us for the exchange to be processed. Visit our Contact Us page to begin the exchange process for paper tickets, or the Cancellation and Refund page for e-tickets.
When exchanging tickets, you are responsible for paying the difference in fare, as well as any applicable fees for your new train tickets. Please keep in mind that exchanges on train tickets are only permitted for the same city pair or route originally booked.
Q. Do trains offer facilities for handicapped passengers?
A. The ability to exchange or refund a train ticket while you’re in Europe depends on whether you have a paper or e-ticket, as well as the specific conditions for the fare you booked.
If you have an e-ticket that you bought on our website, you can perform the refund online, according to the conditions of your train ticket. Please visit our Cancellation and Refund page to begin.
If you purchased a paper ticket, you must perform the exchange locally at the train station. Go to the ticket window and a railway representative will be able to assist you with the exchange procedure.
Please keep in mind that exchanges on train tickets are only permitted for the same city pair or route originally booked.
If your ticket is non-exchangeable, a new train ticket must be purchased.
To obtain a refund for a paper ticket/reservation, a railway official at the origin station must cancel your seat and they must stamp the back of your ticket/reservation “Not Used” before the original train departure time. Our partners at the European Railroads will not allow us to process a refund unless this step has been taken.
You must mail us the original unused ticket for the refund to be processed. When you’ve returned from Europe, mail us back your train ticket. Please visit the Contact Us page on this site for further details.
If you didn’t purchase your train ticket online or are unable to initiate the refund online, please contact us using our Contact Us page for assistance. In most cases, for a refund to transpire, the associated reservation must be released before the train departure.
Q. Can I choose whether my tickets or rail passes are delivered as paper documents or electronically?
A. All available delivery options for how your train tickets, rail passes, and/or reservations can be issued will be presented to you during checkout.
Q. Who should I contact with questions about my exchange or refund?
A. You can visit our Contact Us page to send us a message about exchanges and refunds.
In your message, please be sure to include the original booking number, your contact information, and which item(s) you’re requesting a refund for. If you’re requesting an exchange under the Rail Protection Plan™, note this in your email as well.
Q. What should accompany the train ticket or rail pass I'm sending back for a refund?
A. When you submit your train ticket or rail pass to our customer relations department for a refund, be sure to include a brief letter along with any other supporting documentation, such as letters from local train operators, replacement tickets (if any), etc.
If you are making a claim through our Rail Protection Plan™, please download and fill out the Rail Protection Plan traveller’s Request Form and send, along with the appropriate documents.
We recommend that you send all documents by traceable mail for proof of delivery.
Q. Where can I see the exchange and refund conditions of my train ticket?
A. When browsing fares on our website, you can read a brief description of each fare flexibility level, and then see the full exchange and refund conditions for each fare.
Q. How fast can I receive my travel documents?
A. After your booking has been invoiced, you should receive your tickets and/or rail passes within 2-7 business days. In some locations, express overnight delivery may be available for an additional cost.
If you booked e-tickets, you should receive an email and ticket instructions shortly after your booking is confirmed.
Q. I want to refund my train ticket. How do I proceed?
A. If you have a paper ticket that you would like to submit for a refund, please visit our Contact Us page for further information.
Please note that train tickets must be received at least 2 business days prior to the train departure date.
It’s strongly suggested that you send these documents by some type of traceable mail for proof of delivery.
If you have an e-ticket to submit for a refund, this can be initiated on our Cancellation and Refunds page.
Q. What should I do if my train ticket is lost or stolen?
A. If your paper ticket is lost or stolen, you’ll need to purchase a new one in order to travel.
If you purchased the Rail Protection Plan™ and your ticket is covered, you may be eligible for reimbursement if you meet the requirements of this plan, this includes filing a police report within 24 hours of the loss or theft and purchasing replacement train ticket.
Q. The promo code I have expired. What can I do?
A. We’re sorry, but once a promo code has expired, it’s unusable. You will need to proceed without the promo code to complete your booking.
Q. I need to cancel my trip to Europe. How do I request reimbursement through the Rail Protection Plan™?
A. Although the Rail Protection Plan™ doesn’t allow you to get reimbursed in case your trip is cancelled, you may be eligible to receive an in-store credit. That in-store credit will be good for two years (from the date the credit is issued) towards your next booking, for the full value of the products covered. You can choose to receive this credit toward a future booking or to request to have your tickets refunded per the after sales policies of the products booked.
If you choose to forego the in-store credit and opt for a refund, the regular exchange and refund rules of your products will apply, and you will be subject to the regular carriers penalties, if applicable, in addition to the Rail Europe booking fee.
Q. If there’s been a strike, how do I request reimbursement through the Rail Protection Plan™?
A. Only some train tickets are eligible for reimbursement due to strikes. Please send your tickets back to our Rail Europe office at the address included in the Rail Protection Plan™ documentation that accompanied your train tickets or rail pass, and include the traveller’s Request Form.
A European railway official at the station must have stamped the train ticket indicating it was not used due to a rail strike. Requests for refunds of printed e-tickets in relation to a rail strikes must follow the procedure mentioned above. If the e-ticket has not been printed, requests for reimbursement can be e-mailed to customerrelations@raileurope.com, prior to the train departure date.
Notice of any refund request in relation to a strike must be given within thirty 30 days of your return from Europe. Rail passes are generally not eligible for a refund in cases of a strike under the Rail Protection Plan™.
Q. Are all products eligible for Rail Protection Plan™ coverage?
A. Rail passes, train tickets, reservations, and select city passes and tours are eligible for Rail Protection Plan™ coverage.
All other categories of products including hotels and select activities are not eligible for coverage at this time. Please read the detailed Rail Protection Plan™ policy for more information.
Q. How do I request an exchange through the Rail Protection Plan™?
A. To apply for an exchange under the Rail Protection Plan™, please contact us via our Contact Us page. Rail passes/train tickets/reservations/city passes/tours may be exchanged for the same or new products.
Q. In the event of a strike, is my rail pass covered under the Rail Protection Plan™?
A. In general no – the Rail Protection Plan™ doesn’t provide specific coverage for rail passes, city passes, or tours in the event a strike occurs during your travels.
During a strike, there are usually trains that operate along all routes, as well as substitute buses. While you may not be able to take the exact train you were planning on using, there are usually trains or some other method of transportation that can get you to where you need to go.
In case a severe strike occurs that significantly prevents you from using your pass as intended, you may contact our customer relations team. We will review your particular circumstances and may provide compensation, if appropriate.
Q. What is the Rail Protection Plan™?
A. We offer an exclusive Rail Protection Plan™ that gives you the flexibility to change your train ticket, rail pass, reservation, and select activities with no questions asked. You’ll also be protected in the event of a railroad strike for train tickets, and in the case of loss or theft of paper tickets, rail passes, city passes or tours.
The Rail Protection Plan™ may be added to your booking on the delivery page after adding the products to your itinerary or any time prior to final payment being applied to your booking. (Select city passes and tours are excluded from coverage). The Rail Protection Plan™ fee is non-refundable and non-exchangeable. View the detailed terms and conditions of the Rail Protection Plan™ coverage.
Q. If my train tickets have been lost or stolen, how do I request reimbursement through the Rail Protection Plan™?
A. Here’s what you need to do if your train ticket, rail pass, reservation, city pass or tour was lost or stolen and you plan to request receive a reimbursement through the Rail Protection Plan™.
You must file a police report within 24 hours of the incident.
You may purchase a replacement rail pass, train ticket, reservation, city pass or tour in order to continue with your travel plans.
Upon return home, you must submit the traveller request form to Rail Europe within 30 days, along with a copy of the police report, replacement rail pass, train ticket, reservation, city pass, or tour purchased abroad, and your roundtrip airline tickets from home to Europe. A brief explanation of the situation is also necessary to better evaluate the traveller request form.
If you purchased the Rail Protection Plan™ when you booked your train ticket/rail pass/reservation/city pass/tour, you received full documentation on what to do in the event of loss or theft. Please refer to this information for full details.
Q. I bought the Rail Protection Plan™. Can I exchange my train ticket, even though the ticket is non exchangeable?
A. One of the greatest benefits of the Rail Protection Plan™ is that it provides you with the total flexibility to change your train ticket or rail pass – regardless of its refund/exchange policy- no questions asked. With the Rail Protection Plan™ you’re also protected in the event of a railroad strike, or the loss or theft of paper tickets or rail passes.
Q. When I board the train, can I sit anywhere I want?
A. If you booked a reservation for a specific train, you’ll have a designated car and seat number. This information will be located on your ticket.
If you don’t have a reservation and the train you’re traveling on either doesn’t accept reservations or reservations are not mandatory, then you’ll be able to get on board and look for an available seat in the class of service you booked. Keep in mind that during the train journey, if another traveller gets on board and has reserved the seat you’re occupying, you will need to move.
Keep in mind that local commuter trains generally do not accept reservations. During peak hours (typically before 9am and in the evening between 5-7pm) the trains are used by locals going to work and tend to be a bit more crowded. This may make it more difficult to find an available seat.
Q. Can I bring my bike on board?
A. In general, bicycles can be taken with you as carry-on luggage, free of charge on just about any national or international train- if you put it in a bike bag. In the bike bag, the wheels, pedals and handlebars must be removed.
In addition, many European trains allow bikes in a special bike compartment for free or a small fee. If there is a fee, it’s typically about 5-15 Euros per journey. Bikes are typically permitted on local & regional trains in most countries, at least outside peak travel hours.
Many inter-city trains also allow bikes, however not in Spain. And in France only a few French TGVs allow bikes that aren’t in a bike bag. Some TGV-Lyria trains between Paris & Switzerland also allow bikes. Paris-Madrid & Paris-Barcelona night trains only allow bikes if they’re in a bike bag and if you & your fellow travellers occupy the entire sleeper compartment. Overnight Thello sleeper trains & daytime TGV trains between Paris & Italy only allow bikes in a bike bag. Thalys trains between Paris, Brussels, Amsterdam & Cologne only allow bikes in bike bags. Long-distance trains into Eastern Europe such as Cologne-Moscow, Bucharest-Istanbul or Budapest-Sofia only allow bikes in bike bags, primarily because these trains don’t have luggage compartments.
Lastly, some trains, primarily in the UK, will require advance reservations for bicycles. These reservations will need to be made locally at the station.
Q. I understand that some of the train platforms in the Netherlands, Belgium, and Italy now have gates. How do I get to my train?
A. Many train stations in the Netherlands and the Brussels Airport Station in Belgium now have platforms with entry/exit gates. To enter or exit from the train’s platform, you will need to pass through these gates that are controlled with a bar code reader.
Most paper tickets and e-tickets and all Eurail Pass covers have a square barcode which can be scanned at the entry/exit point of the platform. Just hold the bar code on your travel document to the scanner on the illuminated area on the gate and pass through the gate.
Some of the high traffic train stations in Italy, such as Milan Centrale, Roma Termini and Firenze Santa Maria Novella stations now have entry/exit gates. Access through these gates are exclusively reserved for traveller’s holding a ticket. It is suggested that you have your paper or electronic tickets ready to present upon arriving at these security gates.
Q. I missed my train. What should I do?
A. If you’re traveling with a train ticket that doesn’t include a reservation, you can simply get on the next train that accepts tickets without reservations.
If you’re traveling with a train ticket that includes a reservation, you may have to purchase a new train ticket. Review the exchange and refund terms of your ticket to determine if your train ticket can be exchanged.
If you missed your train due to a connecting train being delayed, ask a Conductor or railway official to endorse your train ticket to say there had been a delay. This is usually sufficient proof for the train staff at the onward station to allow a free transfer to the next available train.
Upon your return home, please contact us via the Contact Us page to inquire about an applicable refund your ticket may qualify for. All refund information may be found on the after-sales voucher that was included with your train ticket.
Q. Can I bring my pet on board?
A. Generally, cats and dogs are allowed on trains, though they may need to be contained in a pet carrier or wear a muzzle or leash. Pets are not allowed on some trains in Great Britain, Spain, Ireland, Norway, and Finland. Currently the only animals that are permitted to travel on Eurostar are guide dogs for the visually impaired.
Some trains require advance reservations for pets. Unfortunately, Rail Europe cannot make reservations for your pet. This will need to be done locally. In general, dogs normally travel at half the fare of a second class ticket, payable directly to the conductor.
Q. I am taking a cruise while in Europe. How do I connect between the train station and port of call?
A. Traveling between a port and a train station is usually simple. Sometimes, getting between the two is an easy walk. And in other cases, it’s best to take a taxi, bus, or train.
Q. Can I get the address and phone number for the train station?
A. We offer specific train station information and maps with approximate locations of many of the most popular train stations in Europe.
In general, you’ll find that stations are centrally located and conveniently reached via public transportation and most airport-to-city links.
Q. How do I find my train?
A. Finding your train is fairly simple. You’ll see large Departure and Arrival boards located in the center of most stations. Some stations also have TV monitors listing upcoming departing trains.
If you have a train ticket or rail pass with a reservation, simply match the train number and departure time on your reservation or ticket to the train number on the departure board. The platform number where you should go will be listed right next to it.
If you’re traveling with open train tickets or a rail pass and no reservation, then you don’t have a specific train and seat assigned to you. If you’ve done your research in advance, you probably already know the time and train number of the train you want to take, so just look for it on the board. If you decided to show up at the station with the intention of taking the first train departing for where you want, make sure to check with a station agent and find out if that train requires a reservation.
Q. What language is spoken at the train station and on the train?
A. Typically at the train station and on board the train the local language is spoken. Announcements at the station and on board the train will be made in the local language of the departure station.
Q. How do I contact you while I’m in Europe?
A. If you need to contact us while you’re in Europe, you can send us a message by visiting our Contact Us Page.
Q. Can I change seats after the train departs?
A. You may check with the conductor once your train departs to see if there are any other available seating options.
Please note that you should stay in the same class of service as your ticket or you may incur a surcharge.
If you change seats and the seat you move to is reserved by another traveller, they will have priority.
Q. Will there be someone to help me find my reserved seat on the train?
A. Generally speaking, train cars and seats are prominently marked. If you have any trouble finding your reserved seat, one of the conductors on the platform or onboard the train will be able to assist you.
Q. My Rail Europe train tickets were not accepted by the conductor. What do I do?
A. While all train tickets issued by Rail Europe should be accepted onboard the train, if you should run into any issues, be sure to ask the conductor to stamp your Rail Europe ticket "Not Used" with a written note explaining why this ticket could not be accepted by a railway official. You will want to keep that ticket safe and upon your return home, you can send the original ticket, any replacement tickets and receipts, and a brief letter of explanation to our Customer Relations team.
Please use the Contact Us page to get more information regarding a refund.
Q. Once on the train platform, how can I find my car? Is there a difference between where first and second class carriages are located or how they look on the outside?
A. Typically you will see a (1) or a (2) or the words “First” or “Second” or a combination of both on the outside of the train car indicating First or Second class. Once you board the train, you’ll notice that some trains have inside indicators for first or second class. Some high speed trains have headrest covers that state the class of service.
For certain high speed trains such as the Thalys, TGV, or Eurostar you’ll also find displays right on the platform indicating where each car of the train will be located for boarding. You can use this chart to find the mark on the platform corresponding to the car you would like to board. It is a good rule of thumb to arrive at the station early so that you can find the train and the right car matching the class of service on your pass or ticket.
And of course, you can always ask a railway official or conductor for assistance.
Q. If I arrive at the station early, will I be able to board my train?
A. You may be able to board the train early, but it depends on a few things…
First, early boarding may possible if you are boarding the train in the city from which it originates. If you are boarding a train on one of the stops along its routes, then the train won’t be in the station until a few minutes before the time indicated on your ticket.
Even if you are boarding in the very first city from which your train departs, the platform may only be indicated 15 minutes or so before departure. Though early, you may find yourself in the train station with no information as to which platform the train is located.
In any event, we typically advise you get to the station at least 30 minutes prior to departure. This way when your train is ready to board, you can hop on and take your seat without having to rush through the station.
Q. How early should I arrive at the train station?
A. We advise travellers to arrive at least 30 minutes prior to departure. This allows you time to clear any security checks and locate the platform where your train will be departing. If you are departing from a larger train station (typically a city’s main station) and need to activate your rail pass prior to boarding, you will want to arrive even earlier to make sure you have enough time to get your rail pass activated and avoid doing a luggage-hauling sprint through the station.
Please note: For Eurostar trains, follow the "check-in and Ticket Gate Time Limit" instructions which can be found on your ticket under "Additional Information".
Q. Where can I find my e ticket number or e ticket confirmation code?
A. Your e-ticket number or e-ticket confirmation code is a string of 6 letters (or an 8 character alphanumeric code for British e-tickets) that can be found on your Rail Europe email invoice.
In addition, if you have purchased on our website while signed into your Rail Europe account, you may retrieve this code by looking up your booking in your Dashboard. You can also find it by accessing your itinerary through our mobile site or iPhone app.
Q. My print at station e-ticket was lost or stolen after I printed it. Can I print it again?
A. Unfortunately, print at station e-tickets may only be printed once from the kiosk. In the event of a lost ticket, go to a ticket counter and ask if they can reprint it. If they are unable to, a new train ticket will have to be purchased.
If you purchased the Rail Protection Plan™, you may be eligible for compensation.
Q. How do I use my Italo print at home e-ticket for travel in Italy?
A. While Italo train tickets are considered print at home e-tickets, you don’t actually need to print anything or retrieve a voucher or boarding pass at the station.
All that is required is the confirmation (PNR) code printed on your Rail Europe booking confirmation email. Just present your e-ticket confirmation code and a valid photo id to the conductor on the train - it’s that easy!
Q. I’ve booked a print at home e-ticket. What do I need to do before getting on board the train?
A. Your print at home e-ticket will be forwarded to you as one of three methods:
A PDF included as a link on your Rail Europe booking confirmation email
A unique 6 character e-ticket confirmation code that, along with a photo i.d., is checked when on the train
Sent via a separate email, in addition to your Rail Europe booking confirmation email, forwarded to you after purchase
Your Rail Europe booking confirmation will clearly indicate which type of print at home e-ticket is affiliated with the train ticket(s) you have purchased.
If you were signed into your account when you booked your print at home e-ticket, you can also find all PDF links in the booking history located in your dashboard, as well as the itinerary tab of our iPhone app or mobile site.
All print at home e-tickets must be printed before arriving at the train station.
Q. I received my e-ticket as a pdf but wasn’t able to print it. Can I print it at the station?
A. French print at home e-tickets can be re-issued from a self-service kiosk at the station. You will need the e-ticket # located on your booking confirmation email.
Eurostar print at home e-tickets can be re-issued at the Eurostar desk in the departure station, but there is a 15£ fee per ticket. You will need the e-ticket # located on your booking confirmation email.
No other print at home e-tickets can be re-issued at the station.
Q. Seat Reservations are sold out for the train I want to take. What should I do?
A. If the train you’re planning to take requires a reservation and reservations are sold out, there are only two things you can do. Purchase a regular, full-fare ticket if those are still available, or try to travel on another train (later or earlier) that has reservations available.
Q. Why are e tickets not available for certain trips?
A. Availability of e-tickets depends on two factors: whether the rail company operating the train offers e-ticketing, and if it does, whether Rail Europe was granted technical access to their inventory to enable e-ticketing on their behalf.
Not all European rail companies offer e-tickets. But when they do, we work with them to make this option available on our website. And we’ll continue to do so in order provide more e-ticket options for your convenience.
Q. I accidentally deleted the email with the link to print my print at home e-ticket, what should I do?
A. No worries. If you registered on our site and have a Rail Europe user account, you can simply log in and review your most recent booking in your dashboard. The link to reprint your e-ticket is available on this page. If you have not created a Rail Europe user account, you can send us a email at service@raileurope.com, include your booking number and we will resend the link to print your e-ticket.
Q. I’ve bought a print at the station e ticket. What do I need to do before getting on the train?
A. When you book a print at the station e-ticket you will receive a 6 or 8 alpha-numeric e-ticket confirmation code (also known as a PNR or Passenger Name Record) in your Rail Europe confirmation email. Simply print the actual paper ticket from a self-service kiosk at the train station prior to your train’s departure.
For all print at the station e-tickets, you’ll need to print the tickets before boarding your train. Your Rail Europe confirmation email is not a train ticket.
For certain routes where this ticketing method is offered, it’s possible that the kiosk to print out the ticket can only be found in the station of origin but not in the station of arrival. For instance, if you have purchased a roundtrip journey as a print at the station e-ticket, you need to make sure to print out both your outbound and inbound train tickets in the station of origin - as you will not be able to retrieve your inbound ticket (return ticket) in the station of arrival. An example of this is a trip originating in France and going into Italy, or a trip from Paris to Amsterdam.
Q. I bought a print at home e ticket but now don’t have access to a printer to print it. What should I do?
No other print at home e-tickets can be re-issued at the station. Your best option is to find an internet cafe or self-service print shop where you can go online and print your e-ticket.
Q. What should I do if I’m unable to print my e-ticket at the station?
A. First, make sure you’re entering the correct information in the self-service kiosk. You need to provide your e-ticket confirmation code, also known as PNR, which is a 6 character letter code (or an 8 character alphanumeric code for British e-tickets) that appears on your Rail Europe booking confirmation email. Any other booking reference (like the Rail Europe booking number) will not work to retrieve your print at station e-ticket.
Don’t attempt to retrieve your ticket using a different method of identification such as swiping a credit card. This will not work.
Although highly unusual, if you’re still unable to retrieve your ticket, go to the ticket counter and seek the assistance of a railway official. Make sure you know your e-ticket number.
If you’re still unable to retrieve your ticket, you may have to purchase a new train ticket. If possible, document the circumstances that prevented you from retrieving your e-ticket. If you purchase new tickets, make sure to keep a copy of the new tickets and the receipt.
Upon your return home, contact our customer relations department and write us a letter indicating what happened. Make sure to provide the new tickets you purchased and the receipt. We’ll review the matter and work things out with you.
Q. I misplaced the printout of my print at home e-ticket. What now?
A. No problem. You can simply reprint your train ticket from any printer, as long as you can still access the pdf provided to you at the time of booking.
You can find links to the pdf in the confirmation email sent to you. Or if you’ve registered for an online account, you can access the booking in which the pdf link was contained in your dashboard.
The only exceptions are if you purchased a Thalys or NTV-Italo print at home e-ticket. Those pdf’s are sent in separate emails and can’t be retrieved online at this time.
If you request to have your train ticket reprinted at a station ticket window, there may be a local service fee.
Q. How do I travel with a print at the station e-ticket?
A. All you need to do is print your actual train ticket at the station using a self-service kiosk prior to boarding the train. You can do this on the day of your travel, or anytime prior – but you can only do this at a train station.
The actual steps to print your e-ticket vary slightly from one country to another, but the general approach is the same: proceed to the self-service kiosk, enter your e-ticket confirmation code (also known as PNR) which is a letter code (or in the UK, 8 character alphanumeric code) that is unique to your trip, and follow the simple on-screen instructions.
Q. My group lives large. Can we book an exclusive carriage or charter an entire train?
A. Whether your group is looking to book an exclusive carriage on a scheduled train for their sole use, or wishing to charter an entire train, we can arrange it. Simply fill out a Group Quote form and one of our dedicated group consultants will respond with a quote to fit your groups’ needs.
Q. Can I book group fares online?
A. Due to the nature of group inventory, group fares are not available online. To receive a quote from one of our dedicated group consultants, please fill out the quick and easy Group Quote form and an agent from our group department will contact you within 48-72 hours.
Q. Are there luggage handling services at the station for groups?
A. Yes, luggage handling is offered at select train stations in Europe. Please contact our group department for more details.
Q. Do you offer discounts on tickets for groups?
A. If your group consists of 10 or more passengers, you’ll be entitled to group rate tickets. Please note that for British domestic trains, we can provide a quote for nine travellers. First and second class group rates are available. Simply fill out our Group Quote form and a dedicated agent will answer your request.
Q. Who should I contact to book travel for a group of 10 or more people?
A. For groups of 10 or more traveling together please fill out our Group Department form for assistance. If you know what you’re looking for, you can also request a quote online from our Group Department.
Q. What constitutes a group?
A. Ten or more people traveling together constitutes a group.
Q. What is the benefit of buying passes through the group department versus the web?
A. While group rates on passes match our web prices, booking with the group department will also provide your group with one pass at 75% off for every 15 people paying. And we’ll help ensure you’re buying the best rail pass for your group, as well as confirm any reservations with your group seated together (if required and/or wanted). An even better deal? You’ll still receive all the applicable pass benefits as shown on our site; discounted rates for Youth and Seniors, and Saver rail pass rates for parties of 2 or more traveling together.
Q. Can I customize my group trip (meals on board, train station transfers)?
A. We love groups, and we do everything we can to make the experience as pleasurable as possible. We offer onboard catering, motor coach transfers to and from the train station, as well as luggage handling at select stations. For more information fill out our Group Quote form and a dedicated group consultant will respond to your request.
Q. I recently saw a fare on your website that I can’t find anymore. Why?
A. Just like airfares, train fares fluctuate over time. In most cases, the fare you’re quoted on our website is based on current availability at the time of your request. It’s possible that the fare quoted to you has sold out and become unavailable. However, know that the new fare you see on our website is always the cheapest fare offered, based on current availability.
Q. How do I create a Rail Europe account?
A. You can simply click the ’Login’ button found on the top right-hand side of our homepage and select ’create an account’ to register on our site. If you are booking with us, you will also be presented with the option to register during checkout.
Q. What information do I need to provide in a booking to purchase with Rail Europe?
A. We require your name as it appears on your passport (first and last name only), gender, and (in some cases) date of birth. Please note that this same information will be necessary for all travellers in your travel party.
Depending on the type of train ticket you are booking, we may also need a physical mailing address where we can send your travel documents. We send documents using traceable shipping methods, and the package will need to be signed for. In addition, we’ll need a valid email address so we can send you an invoice, and a phone number in case we need to contact you regarding your booking.
Q. My credit card has been declined. What should I do next?
A. If your credit card has been declined it’s important to first make sure that you have entered your credit card information correctly. Next, check to make sure that the funds required are available in your account as the transaction may have been declined by your card issuer for this reason.
To protect our customers, we also employ a booking verification system to help us identify and block suspicious transactions. It is possible that certain characteristics associated with your booking or method of payment has triggered an alert with our booking verification system. If you continue to experience difficulty, please contact us via our Contact Us page for assistance. Alternatively, you can also try to use a different credit card.
Q. I just placed a booking and realized I made a mistake. How can I make changes?
A. If you need to get in touch with us regarding your booking, please visit our Contact Us page for assistance. As long as it hasn’t been invoiced yet, it’s usually not a problem to fix it. However, please note that an exchange fee and price change may be applicable depending on what needs to be changed.
Q. How can I subscribe to or unsubscribe from your e newsletter?
A. You can subscribe or unsubscribe from our e-newsletter at any time from your Rail Europe online account page. You will also find newsletter signup forms throughout our site, just enter your email address to begin receiving tips, deals, and offers in your inbox!
To unsubscribe, you can simply click the unsubscribe link found at the footer of our e-newsletter. This will unsubscribe you immediately.
Q. What credit cards does Rail Europe accept online?
A. You can use an American Express, Diner’s Club, Discover, MasterCard, or Visa card on our website.
Q. If I register on your site, will I start receiving spam?
A. Rail Europe will never spam you! Upon registering, you will only receive booking and/or account related messages, as well as occasional promotion information email from Rail Europe. If you chose to subscribe to our newsletter, you can expect to receive this publication as well (typically twice a month). Of course, you have the option to unsubscribe to at any time by clicking the unsubscribe link found at the bottom of the newsletter.
Q. Can I still buy train tickets from you once I’m in Europe?
A. Yes, but only for trains that offer print at home or print at the station e-tickets. In general, we don’t ship paper tickets to Europe unless you will be at the same location (and able to receive tickets) for 3-5 business days. If the train you want only offers a paper ticket option, and you won’t be able to receive those tickets in the main, you will need to buy it locally at the station.
Q. Where do I find my booking number?
A. Your unique booking number is located in the confirmation we will email you. If you have created an account, you can also visit your dashboard to see your booking(s).
Please note: this is NOT the number you will use to retrieve your print at the station tickets locally in Europe; please review your invoice for the applicable e-ticket confirmation codes needed to retrieve your tickets.
Q. I placed a booking on your website but received a message saying my booking needs to be reviewed by a Travel Consultant. Why?
A. Sometimes, certain products within your booking are not available for confirmation at the time of booking and one of our Travel Consultants needs to manually confirm your booking. Once confirmed, we will contact you to advise it has been finalized and issued.
Q. What are the benefits of registering on the Rail Europe site?
A. When you register on our site, a wide range of exclusive tools and services become available to you. You will have access your booking details, ability to download your tickets and track your shipping. You will get notifications and alerts concerning your trip. You can save your searches, pages, and itineraries right in your account. And by registering, you will also have the ability to leave a review on your travel experience with Rail Europe.
Q. What information does Rail Europe retain from my Facebook account?
A. When you authorize Rail Europe to access your Facebook account, we only store the email address that you have specified as your Facebook login, as well as your full name. Nothing else. This information is, of course, subject to our privacy policy.
Q. How do I change my login or password?
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RailTech.com
Railfreight.com
Project Cargo Journal
ProMedia Group
European Commission adopts ‘no-deal’ Brexit contingency plan for rail
Published on 12-02-2019 at 17:24
The European Commission has adopted a proposal to help mitigate the significant impact a no-deal Brexit scenario on rail transport and connectivity between the EU and the UK on Tuesday 11 February. The proposal ensures the validity of safety authorisations for certain parts of rail infrastructure for a strictly limited period of three months.
The commission said to anticipate on the increasing risk that the United Kingdom may leave the European Union on 30 March this year without a deal. The meaures should allow long-term solutions in line with EU law to be put in place. This is, in particular, related to the Channel Tunnel and will be conditional on the United Kingdom maintaining safety standards identical to EU requirements.
Avoid disruptions
The measures should avoid major disruptions of cross-border rail operations and shuttle services after the UK’s withdrawal. In addition to the proposal, the European Commission emphasised that it is essential that the concerned undertakings and national authorities continue to take all necessary measures to comply with EU rules on train driver licences, market access, as well as safety certificates and authorisations required to operate in the EU.
“The proposal follows the calls by the European Council (Article 50) in November and December 2018 to intensify preparedness work at all levels, and the adoption on 19 December 2018 of the Commission’s Contingency Action Plan. To date, 19 legislative measures have been proposed and 88 preparedness notices have been published”, the commission said.
Damage unavoidable
“It is important to note that contingency measures will not – and cannot – mitigate the overall impact of a “no-deal” scenario, nor do they in any way compensate for the lack of preparedness or replicate the full benefits of EU membership or the favourable terms of any transition period, as provided for in the Withdrawal Agreement.
Today’s proposal is temporary in nature, limited in scope and will be adopted unilaterally by the EU. It takes into account discussions with Member States. The Commission will continue to support Member States in their preparedness work and has further intensified its efforts, for example by organising visits to all EU27 capitals.”
The European Commission will work closely with the European Parliament and the Council to ensure the adoption of the proposed legislative measure so that it is in force by 30 March 2019.
However, it also noted that it continues to hope for the ratification of the Withdrawal Agreement that is currently on the table. “Stakeholders, as well as national and EU authorities, therefore need to prepare for two possible main scenarios:
If the Withdrawal Agreement is ratified before 30 March 2019, EU law will cease to apply to and in the UK on 1 January 2021, i.e. after a transition period of 21 months. The Withdrawal Agreement includes the possibility for a single extension of the transition period for up to one or two years.
If the Withdrawal Agreement is not ratified before 30 March 2019, there will be no transition period and EU law will cease to apply to and in the UK as of 30 March 2019. This is referred to as the “no deal” or “cliff-edge” scenario.
Hard Brexit still an option, effect on entire supply chain
Additional freight trains Eurotunnel in case of no-deal Brexit
Logistics sector should not be the the ‘whipping boy’ in Brexit process
Tags: Brexit, European Commission
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‘East-West balance on New Silk Road can never be reached’
07-01-2020 |Comment|author: Majorie van Leijen
Traditionally, the volumes of rail freight going from east to west are higher than in the opposite direction. Industry players have worked hard to restore this balance with success. But, the balance will never be...Read more
Column: Follow the Germans to be an important rail theme in 2020
In 2020, ‘Follow the Germans’ will be an important theme for the Dutch...
2019: the year of a much-needed reboot Today is the last day of the year 2019, a good moment to...
New Silk Road in 2019: more trains, less empties and lots of politics The year 2019 was a turbulent year for Eurasian rail freight traffic. Whereas...
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Column: Follow the Germans to be an important rail theme in 2020
2019: the year of a much-needed reboot
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About 24 Squadron
Questions about Cadets
Air Cadet Ranks
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Squadron Sponsoring Committee
Every Air Cadet Squadron must include and be supported by a local element of the League called the Squadron Sponsoring Committee (SSC). 24 Red Deer Royal Air Cadet Squadron is a Parent Sponsored Squadron.
There are a number of costs that we as an SSC are responsible for. As in your own home, we too have bills (telephone, internet, rent, etc.) that must be paid in a timely fashion. Many events are also covered by the SSC fund raising efforts. ( Christmas Mess, ACR Dinner, Squadron photos etc) This cannot be done without fundraising, as the Department of National Defense (DND) budget only covers a portion of the training the cadets receive. Uniforms, training equipment and certain expenses directly relating to training are covered, but it is the SSC’s responsibility to provide for ongoing expenses. The Squadron holds fundraisers during the year that require your support. The SSC will be issuing and collecting a "Volunteer Bond" from each family. Each family will be expected to fulfill a minimum of 28 hours in fundraising to support 24 Squadron activities. To ensure participation within the SSC all families will be required to forward a $360.00 volunteer bond towards the Squadron. To ensure commitment from ALL cadet families, each family will be asked for this bond.
The $360 cheque/cash will be kept in trust for the year. At the end of the year, the entire amount will be returned to each family if a minimum of 28 hours of volunteerism is completed on behalf of the SSC.
We realize families are busy and for many funds can be tight. Therefore for this reason options have been made available for assisting the SSC and in doing so, assisting your cadet. Families that may have concerns with the volunteer bond are encouraged to contact the SSC. The intention is not to turn any Cadet, or family away but to work with them in providing a positive Air Cadet experience.
We have many volunteer opportunities for the 2019/2020 Training year that will allow parents to fulfill their volunteer hours.
Without your support, our budget cannot be met and the Squadron risks losing out on activities, which will in turn impact each and every cadet.
The SSC is directed by the Executive Committee who are parents of current cadets. These positions within the SSC Executive are: Chairperson, Vice-Chairperson, Secretary, and Treasurer.
2019/2020 24 Squadron SSC Executive is made up of the following individuals:
Chairperson: Mike Evans
Vice-Chair: Dustin Edey
Treasurer: Beth Chretien
Secretary: Janice Ferguson
League Adviser: Damian LaGrange
Special Thanks to the following parents for stepping forward for the 2019/2020 Training year to fill the following Director positions:
PR Directors: Darlene Glover and Amanda Morden
Gaming Director: Jesse Williams
Fund Raising Director: Michele Evans and Lanna Bokinac
Volunteer Director: Jennifer White
Canteen Director: Paula George
24 Red Deer Royal Canadian Air Cadet squadron
This site is owned and operated by Red Deer 24 Squadron Sponsoring Committee. It reflects the views and events of 24 SSC only and is NOT intended to represent in any way opinions of the Department of National Defence, the Canadian Forces or the Air Cadet League of Canada.
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The trusted source for
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Home » Blogs » Hospital Report » Some (generally) good news for hospital quality
Hospital Report
The premier resource for hospital professionals from Relias Media, the trusted source for healthcare information and continuing education.
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Some (generally) good news for hospital quality
By Russ Underwood
Liability & Risk Management
Staff Education
Staff satisfaction
As we head into the holiday weekend, some good news on the hospital quality front: According to a pair of new national reports from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, hospitals have shown significant improvement on a large number of quality measures. Apparently, in fact, “[h]ospitals are leading the movement to improve the quality of care delivered to U.S. patients, outpacing improvements in other settings,” according to an AHRQ press release announcing the reports.
That said, AHRQ’s overall assessment, which included not just hospitals but doctor’s offices, nursing homes and home health, was that “quality of health care in America is only fair,” according to the reports. “On average, in 2010, Americans received 70% of indicated health care services and failed to receive 30% of the care they needed to treat or prevent particular medical conditions. The gap between best possible care and what is routinely delivered remains substantial across the Nation.”
And that’s not the only bad news. According to the release, “The reports also found deficiencies regarding health care access, with 26 percent of Americans (especially racial and ethnic minorities and low-income people) reporting difficulties getting care.”
But for hospitals at least, the reports have plenty of silver linings, with evidence of quality improvement on a host of measures.
Interestingly, the reports even float the idea that the Hospital Compare site might have had some positive effect: “Fourteen of the 16 quality measures that reached a 95 percent performance level were publicly reported by CMS. Another four CMS measures are among those improving at the fastest pace,” according to the release.
It’s worth noting that the data isn’t brand new, with most of it covering the periods 2000-2002 to 2010-2011. As such, “the reports provide a snapshot of health care prior to implementation of most of the health insurance expansions and consumer protections included in the Affordable Care Act and serve as a baseline against which to track progress in upcoming years.”
I’ll be particularly interested to see whether – and to what extent – ACA reforms affect those numbers on access to care.
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The Remington Society of America
An organization dedicated to the collection and study of Remington firearms, ammunition and history
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Remington’s WWII Experience With 2-Groove Rifling
Some folks consider a record of military history merely an interesting read as a story. General George S. Patton’s view was slightly different. In his opinion, if it couldn’t be used to learn from…either correcting failed behavior or coming up with better solutions for the future, what good is it? Indeed, analytical history as a study tool takes on true relevance when we can discern useful applications for today as well as tomorrow. The following WWII story bridges both time and learning, therefore could well be classified as such an example.
On December 26, 1836, Major General Millar, Director of Artillery – British Army, said this about two-groove rifling after considerable testing of their new Brunswick P-1837 Percussion rifle:
“It was as accurate as the others at short distances and superior at long distances. There was no difficulty in handling or loading it. It shot correctly for a longer period without cleaning. The greater smoothness of the barrel made it less likely to wear away than those with projecting bearings and lands.”
Page 24 2nd Quarter 2011
The British not only adopted this new rifle, but thereafter used it for almost 50 years. Moreover, theold “smoke-pole” was not soon forgotten. So, after the passing of 50-plus more years, it’s not really surprising a new generation of armorers at the Royal Arms Enfield (RSA) factory looked into the rear view mirror for answers when faced with a crisis. German bombardment during WW II’s Battle of Britain had not only wreaked havoc on British rifle making capacity, but development and production of their new and much sought after Lee-Enfield, #4, Mk.1 was behind schedule. Frantic action called for finding shortcuts to accelerate the entire process. To make a long story short, at least two of the wartime expedients for the new Enfield sent them back to the old “Brunswick”, including its flip-up rear sight and two-groove (2-groove) rifling.
Archival material passed on to Clark Campbell for updating his fine Springfield ’03 book in 2003 essentially covers the historical genesis of British influenced reintroduction of 2-groove rifling in WWII , so won’t be repeated here. Suffice to say, the Brits introduced it through their American contract with Savage Arms Co. late in 1941. As an alternative to their standard 5-groove barrel, it was calculated that using 2-groove instead “…can release 12 or more rifling machines to other uses”, and at the same time not affect the ballistic properties of the rifle. On behalf of this foreign contract, it took less than a week for the United States (U.S.) Office of the Chief of Ordnance (OCO) to approve its use. Naturally, they wanted the contract amended to “…cover reduction in the price proportionate to amount saved by this change.” Nonetheless, OCO approval was granted almost immediately….
Spurred on by the disastrous effects of the attack on Pearl Harbor and subsequent entry of the US into the War, it didn’t take long for the Springfield Armory (SA) to be asked to examine the 2-groove prospects for U.S. made domestic small arms as well. Such manufacture
was being mobilized through commercial contracts all over the nation, and rifling simplification unquestionably would have substantial effects on the cost and rate of barrel production for everything from pistols to machine guns. Needless to say, barrel rifling was a time consuming process during this period of history. The typical hook type or “cut” rifling machines cut one groove at a time; therefore, the reduction of four grooves to two had the potential of reducing production time and cost nearly in one-half.
Here’s where the WWII story for widespread US adoption of 2-groove rifling begins to get mired down in the hide-bound persona and approach to problem-solving the SA had become very good at. The SA immediately recognized that a “one size fits all” solution wasn’t going to be a good answer for all small arms, so they began the kind of parochial dawdling that Secretary of Defense, Robert S. McNamara, would eventu- ally recognize in the 1960’s…and bring to a troublesome end. Wartime conditions or not, the SA took its accustomed posture regarding any new proposal, i.e. not wanting to proceed too hastily without a thorough review of the idea’s fundamental premises, and with joint participation of the Frankfort Arsenal (FA) and the Aberdeen Proving Ground (APG).
Meanwhile, the Remington Arms Co. (RA) already had a working relationship with the Savage Plant having evolved from their development of a .303 caliber prototype of the Springfield ’03 (i.e. British Springfield, Cal. .303). In the RA’s dire view of things, time was of the essence. More critically, they recognized their Ilion plant was immersed in the same accelerated wartime rifle manufacturing business that Savage was. The British testing in May of 1941 that produced an alternate barrel approval for the Savage Arms Co. was specifi- cally aimed at rifles …not pistols, machine guns or reinvention of the wheel. So, with the permission of the OCO, Remington decided to conduct validation testing of the 2-groove barrel for use on the Springfield M1903 “Modified” then being manufac- tured at their Ilion, N.Y. plant. However, their real motivation had more to do with what already begun as rumor after “Pearl Harbor”, but soon to land them in the proverbial pressure pot. Read on………….
Remington had just recently started production of their ’03 rifle edition to augment the British need for rifles. More critically, they had come into the full realization the antiquated Springfield rifle tooling provided under lease from the Rock Island Arsenal the year before was not only old and worn, but questionably capable of manufacturing 1000 rifles a day …as led to believe. Even before “Pearl Harbor”, they remained uncertain about its true manufacturing potential.
Nonetheless, the Japanese sneak attack suddenly changed everything. In early February 1942, the OCO asked RA to increase their ’03 production to 2000 rifles per day and a few weeks later upped it to 3000 rifles. Remington was very aware their production operation would have to radically change to meet the new mandate. Indeed, they were in the very midst of evaluating all manner of alternatives to speed up the manufacturing process when the 2-groove barrel appeared to become a very real opportunity. Barrel making shortcuts suddenly became one of their prime considerations, thus Ilion plant initiatives immediately targeted 2-groove rifling as critical to achieving their goals.
Remington 2-Groove
Rifle Testing
George O. Clifford
Ilion Plant Manager
Remington Arms Company, Inc.
George O. Clifford, Ilion Plant Manager, sought approval in early February 1942 from RA headquarters in Bridgeport, Connecticut to be given the go-ahead to conduct 2- groove testing in hopes of having it approved in timely concert with studies then underway for a wide range of M1903 produc- tion shortcuts. Upon approval of the Remington front office, the task-lead was assigned the Technical Department of their Bridgeport factory under W.O. Stauffer, Manager of the Research Division. R.A. Hentschel was assigned the job in a
joint effort with the Ilion plant’s Industrial Engineers and their Development Section under a carefully considered protocol that would tactically involve military oversight from the Ordnance Department …deemed expedient to procedural dispatch.
The project effectively got underway in late February 1942, with the objective to hopefully affirm British findings by testing 2-groove barrels for accuracy, durability and the effects of pressure and velocity. During the testing process, they also decided to evaluate the consequences of prolonged shooting endurance on accuracy, in order to extract any relevant information
regarding “…life of both the barrel and the action.” By the time the test was complete on June 20, 1942, they had enough information to more than validate the British findings.
The Test Protocol
A total of 28 rifles were involved in the validation program. All the rifles were made up of new Remington receivers pulled off the new M1903 “Modified” assembly line except for one Springfield, as further explained below. The 27 Remington receivers were then built-up with new 2-groove barrels and assembled into rifles with all new parts for 100 yard accuracy testing. However, 3 of the rifles were arbitrarily selected for additional controlled trials at 100, 200 and 600 yards with one of the 3 selected for the endur- ance firing of 16,000 rounds. It is interesting to note that all 100 yard shooting was done indoors using a standard elbow and muzzle rest, while the 200 and 600 yard testing was conducted outdoors using the prone position.
Typical Pratt & Whitney Rifling Machine
As noted above, two of the three rifles selected for the special supplemental trials were new Remington ’03 receivers equipped with new 2-groove barrels. Their serial numbers (SN) were 3030030 and 3030571, respectively, thus indicating approximate receiver manufacture in the first or second week of February 1942. The 3rd rifle was a standard 4-groove SA made Springfield rifle, SN 1283325, designated as the trial-comparison rifle.
The new 2-groove barrels being tested were manufactured using standard rifling machines, but each had to be indexed by hand in order to cut only two opposing grooves at 180 degrees separation in lieu of the standard four. In other words, the indexing mechanism on the rifling machine had to be modified since it was inherently designed to travel through 90 degrees, not 180. The 2-groove rifling was carefully gauged for all 27 guns and each met the standard dimensional tolerance allowances for the Springfield M1903 without changing the width or depth of the grooves, as follows:
Width of groove:
0.1797 (+0.000;-0.003)
Rifling diameter:
0.308 (+0.001; -0.000)
Bore diameter:
Groove depth:
0.004 (+0.0005; -0.000)
Essentially, the 2- groove barrel configura- tion was identical to the standard 4-groove barrel, except for omission of two opposing grooves. Note: Also see Figure 1, on next page.
Testing & Results
All 28 guns were initially fired at 100 yards and without any problem. Each passed the Ordnance accuracy standards calling for 5 shots to strike within a three (3) inch circle. The resultant report concluded: “No difference in accuracy was noted between these guns and regular production.” Subsequently, the three guns commissioned at random for supplemental testing were subjected to the distance and endurance testing. The final accuracy test results are shown in Table 1 below for the three principal test guns only, and will constitute the primary focus of this article in the interests of brevity.
It is noted that Remington SN 3030030 was tested first at 100
Figure 1: Springfield ’03 Barrel Cross-Section
yards in April before the decision was made to alter the overall trial protocol in order to advance the more time consuming 16,000 round endurance test. A part of that decision was also to employ one of the 2- groove rifles for distance testing AFTER completion of the endurance test. Remington SN 3030571 had been selected for this latter trial, which was finally completed on June 16th. Thereafter, completion of the firing test program was resumed with the other two rifles, including the 200 and 600-yard distances.
All firing was performed by three designated marksmen from the Ordnance Department under conditions permitting objec- tive validation of the results. For example, Mr. Hall was the only marksman used for each of the three rifles at the 100-yard distance in order to satisfy a
uniformity/equivalency baseline comparison between each rifle. However, for the 200 and 600-yard ranges, two shooters (Mr. Fisher and George Parker) were used to also address possible anomalies related to inconsistency factors inherent in each rifle separately. In only one instance was a rifleman allowed a second chance… and that was for the test firing of Springfield SN 1283325 at 600 yards. In that particular case, Parker’s first attempt was deemed “problematic”; therefore, he was granted a second attempt. More will be said about that later.
As shown by the results at 100 and 200 yards (Table 1), the 2-groove barrel out-performed the 4-groove edition by a notable margin. Even at the 600- yard distance, where the average scores were approximately the same, the 2- groove barrel achieved the better technical performance. However, it is also noted that Remington SN 3030571 did not fire at the 600-yard range. It was learned during the sighting-in process that the rear sight was not behaving properly. So, rather than start over with another rifle, it was decided to dispense with using it at all in the interests of time for the 600-yard test. By then, the validation-testing program was in the 3rd week of June and Remington management becoming anxious for results and closure. It is also speculated that the rear sight difficulties may well have had something to do with the fact that SN 3030571 was used for the 16,000 round endurance trials started in April and continuing into June 1942.
In this author’s opinion, the 16,000 round endurance test phase of the overall effort revealed an astonishing testimony about Remington’s 2-groove rifling barrel that is still being extolled by modern day shooters. As part of the endurance test, SN 3030571 was also shot for 100-yard accuracy every 1000 rounds. Once again, an Ordnance representative carried out this particular test. Indeed, for this prolonged firing spree over 3 different targets, Mr. Hall was assigned the task as rifleman. The test protocol called for taking “Extreme Spread” (ES) measurements for each of the targets after 1000 rounds, then averaging them both for each target as well as overall ES. The results of the test are in Table II below.
As evident from the Table, the grand average ES after 16,000 rounds was 2.71 inches with the lowest at 1.97 inches…using
Figure 2: 16,000 Round Endurance Test – Accuracy Variance Graph
an “elbow and muzzle rest”. The highest ES was 3.17 inches, experienced at the very beginning when the barrel was still new after sighting-in. The related graph plot shown in Figure 2 below is very revealing inasmuch as it depicts the variance both above and below the 2.71 inch overall average axis (plus and minus ordinate measure- ments) was not only markedly balanced, i.e. evenly distributed throughout the 16,000 fired rounds, but revealed no detectable indications of accuracy change throughout the course of the trial.
Remington and Ordnance also learned some other things from the endurance test that proved ominous, but not fatal. After completion of the endurance test, “…the barrel showed bad heat checking at the breech end when examined with a Borescope.” They also observed streaks of metal fouling along the length of the barrel. Nevertheless, when the change in the groove and land diameter tests were reviewed, the differences found were judged insignificant since “…they were within the experimental error of the method used.” George Parker from Ordnance was responsible for conducting this phase of the laboratory analysis using sulfur casts taken at the end of each 5000 round stage, and again after completion of firing the 16,000 rounds. In every case, the differences were found to be substantially within a one ten-thousand range.
The summary results of the 100, 200 and 600-yard tests are shown in below. It is noted that whereas the Springfield comparison rifle results were based on only 3 different 5-shot groups, the Remington 2-groove rifle selected at random (SN 3030030) was extended to an average from 4 different groups. Nonetheless, the 2-Groove barrel appeared considerably more accurate at both the 100 and 200-yard distances. At 600-yards, they were judged essentially equivalent. However, it is pointed out that marksman Parker was having accuracy problems with every rifle fired at the 600-yard distance.
In this writer’s opinion, the most amazing observation was the performance outcome of Remington 2-Groove, SN 3030571. This particular rifle had already gone through a grueling 16,000 round endurance test, but when it was also re- tested thereafter for the 100, 200 and 600-yard distances, its performance was marginally superior to both the other two rifles!
Pressure and Velocity
Results of the pressure and velocity tests also proved interesting. Personnel from the Physics Section at RA’s Bridgeport laboratory performed all measurements. The protocol for the test required measurements for both the 2 and 4-groove barrels before and after fitting of pressure pistons. One barrel of each type was selected at random with testing of two types of ammunition, both ball and armor piercing. In the interests of article brevity, the tabulated results are not being shown; however, the bottom-line was this: using stan- dard “ball†ammo, both rifling types showed substantially identical results with velocities in the 2-groove about 50 fps slower and pressure slightly higher. While these results were reasonably expected as characteristic differences endemic to the nature of the two rifling systems, in both cases, the differences were well within “error of measure- ment†standards.
Remington 2-Groove Barrel
However, the use of armor piercing ammo presented noticeably different pressure results. The 2-groove barrel revealed a pressure increase consistently in the 3000 to 4000-psi range, with slightly decreased velocities. However, the final report concluded this to also be “…not particularly significant.†Indeed, while emphasizing that only one 2-groove barrel had been tested for armor piercing ammunition, no further tests were deemed necessary for two reasons: (1) The elevated pressure was not considered serious, and (2) “…armor piercing ammunition is seldom used in the Springfield rifle.”
As stated previously, Remington’s 2-groove testing under the auspices of Ordnance participation and oversight was completed on June 20, 1942. The final report findings were simply stated: “On the basis of tests made to date, the two groove rifling equals the standard four groove rifling in performance.†The results were formally turned over to the Ordnance Department by letter from Remington’s L.R. Crittenden to Lt. W.J. Bertsche on June 23, 1942. It is noted that Bertsche was the onsite Army Inspector of Ordnance stationed at the Ilion plant at the time. Remington advised Remington 2 –Groove Barrel that if any further testing were desired, they’d be glad to do it. However, they were anxious for a prompt approval for using 2-groove rifling, hopefully as quickly as the one Savage had re- ceived. But, it didn’t happen!
Wartime Bureaucracy
As intimated in this article’s Introduction, the Springfield Armory (SA) often marched to a different drummer. While Lt. Bertsche of the Ordnance Department may have received the Remington report in June in time for an easy turn-around approval to convert to -groove barrel- making at the start of the M1903A3 program, the report went without action. Indeed, it wasn’t to be acknowledged by the SA until 4 months later after RA officially represented it on August 8, 1942, as discussed further below. By then, the ‘A3 program was well on its way to initial production. Had it not been for complications with significant rear sight corrections, full M1903A3 production would have begun in October. But, even then…the 2-groove barrel was still not approved.
What happened? It is simply this. The OCO was reluctant to routinely approve anything without the official blessing of the Springfield Armory and its institutional relationship tethered to both the FA and the APG. The SA didn’t happen to regard rifles as having any particular priority or urgency at that point in time over other 2-groove testing applications.
Therefore, the RA found itself having to await their systematic review process for a blanket request addressing all small arms. Furthermore, any properly conducted investigation by SA routine necessarily had to include an evaluation of other alternatives that might represent a better solution than 2- groove rifling. This was simply the SA way.
New-in-wrap Remington 2-groove rifle barrel
Early on, the SA initiated its assignment response with a conven- tional request to the British Purchasing Commission (BPC) for copies of the British testing program. From the material received, they learned the British were failing to recommend 2- groove rifling for their .303 machine gun barrels “…on account of pronounced tendency for this rifling to break up incendiary tracer bullets.†Even though later found not to be a problem in US made M2 (machine gun) barrels, it managed to help set the stage for everything to follow. Indeed, early on…SA’s Col. Walter T. Gorton in a letter to the OCO dated 2 February 1942, said: “I think it would be smart to ask A.P.G. and F.A. for opinion before we fool around too much.â€
Needless to say, the months passed by without any formal response to the Remington testing program or request for approval to authorize 2-groove rifling. Meanwhile, SA and company had pretty much stone-walled themselves into a fundamental challenge of the British findings, in spite of a March 1942 interim report to the OCO admitting “…2-groove rifling as per previous endorsements are encouraging.†But, they weren’t persuaded since they believed that an odd number of barrel grooves would provide a superior alternative. In June the OCO would ask them to hold off further testing of 3-groove rifling tests “…pending completion of test of 2-groove rifling now being conducted at the APG.†It didn’t seem to matter. The SA would stand firm in their belief that any changes to the standard 4-groove rifling requires sufficient pre-testing that embraced: (1) 3-grooves or some other odd number as “…a sounder approach than a reduction in the number of grooves from 4 to 2â€; (2) adding increased and/or decreased groove depth as part of any testing program; and (3) in the case of 2- groove, it would be better to use “rifling of the reverse form, i.e., wide grooves and narrow lands†in lieu of merely remov- ing two of the grooves on a 4-groove machine. Furthermore, they strongly believed that any such testing should be prop- erly “…studied at Aberdeen and Frankford Arsenal†before adoption. They even sought to impose their influence on commercial barrel-making vendors under contract. For example, by letter of August 18, 1942, the SA advised the Winchester Repeating Arms Co. of their opposition to 2-Groove rifling for the M1 .30 cal. rifle barrels in spite of the fact that 2-groove rifle barrels for the M1 were then showing promise. They had also cajoled the Auto-Ordnance Corporation into spending their
own funds to experiment with differing types of .45-caliber rifling as opposed to just dealing with the 2-groove option.
Meanwhile, RA was becoming concerned the SA may have lost all appreciation for their obvious assignment objective, particularly as related to rifles. The central question was determining the efficacy of using 2-groove rifling as a “wartime
expedient†for rifles…not finding other options equal to or better than 4- groove rifling. Finally, by letter dated August 28, 1942, RA forwarded their essentially unedited June report, now dated August 8, 1942, directly to the OCO and the SA asking for immediate endorsement and approval of 2-groove rifling for the M1903A3. The SA acknowledged receiving it the following September 2nd, but formally conveyed their reluctance to approve 2-groove rifling as iterated above. Even as late as the first week of October, the SA was still taking a hard-line position that simply omitting 2 of the 4 grooves from the standard 4 groove barrel leaves “…wide lands which, in the opinion of S.A., is not a satisfactory bore condi- tion.†It is also interesting to note by this time, that multiple findings of the APG from previous testing effort had
fully validated the findings contained in the RA report 4 months previous. It was now undeniable!
The Ordnance Technical Committee found that:
“The performance of two groove barrels was in every way equal to that of the standard four groove barrel. The differences between the two types of rifling were generally negligible, and where sig- nificant differences did exist, they tended to favor the use of two grooved rifling.”
Timely OCO intervention from the “Pentagon†was inevi- table. Thus, the Chief of the Technical Division of the OCO, Brig. Gen. G.M. Barnes, got involved among others, resulting in the “Sub-Committee on Small Arms†review of the summary tables and star gage records of 16 two-groove barrels tested by the APG. Their response was immediate. With no further delay, they sent the Ordnance Technical Committee a formal recommendation on October 15, 1942 to adopt 2-groove rifling…all while referring back to the fundamental premise in the first place, which was to reduce wartime costs and speed up production as determined by the British findings. The Ordnance Technical Committee report even made reference to the APG’s use of RA’s M1903A3 rifles in the test, thus proving for the record that ‘A3 production was already underway at Remington Arms in October 1942. Further- more, the approval was applicable to only the “rifles†then being used by the services, i.e. the M1, 1903A1, 1903A3 and M1917.
Subsequently, 2-groove rifling went on to be approved for manufacture, the story of which is summarized in Clark Campbell’s fine book. On October 23, 1942 the OCO ordered, with the SA following up on November 3rd, that all affected barrel drawings be revised to show 2-groove rifling as an option/alternative to 4-groove. The debate was to go on for a couple more months about how to handle barrel-makers using the “broach- ing†method of rifling, as well as dealing with SA ini- tiatives for further increasing bore and rifling toler- ances. But, eventually RA’s Ilion Plant was finally able to mobilize for the conversion over to 2-groove rifling in January 1943, the barrels of which began showing up on assembled rifles a few months later. Needless to say, they had already “…devised a method of changing over rifling machines from a 4-groove index to a 2-groove.†But, it wasn’t until March 6, 1943…some 9 months after initiating their approval request for 2-groove rifling option, that the SA finally forwarded a marked print of the ‘03A3 barrel to the OCO for approval showing 4-grooves standard and 2-grooves as an alternate. (Revision 6, dated 3-1-43, drwg. No. D44077).
Meanwhile, the SA still wasn’t about to give up on their 3-groove rifling posture. On December 17th, they shipped a 3-groove M1 rifle “…to the Winchester Company for examination and such experimental firing as it is desired to make.†They persisted in their firm belief that a “…three-grooved barrel is more practicable for fabrication and much less objectionable bal- listically than the two-grooved barrel proposed by the Office of the Chief of Ordnance†(underlining added). In spite of what appears to be insubordina- tion towards their front office, the SA would eventually be silenced on the subject. This was not only a wartime situation, but one has to wonder if this typified the “bureaucratic infighting†referred to by Defense Secretary McNamara 20 years later helping him justify the merciful retirement of the Springfield Armory to a well-earned place in US history. Indeed, when put into the “cause & effect†or “critique & consequence†study of analytical history, the RSA Enfield factory, Secretary McNamara and General George S. Patton may have had a lot more in common than most folks have given much thought.
In closing, it is also interesting that the Remington Arms Co. began experimenting in December 1942 with development of “draw rifling†for 03- A3 barrel manufacture. This methodology of “…using a pushing action on a plug to rifle a barrel†was eventually perfected by War’s end and the subject of a future article. Indeed, over 35,000 M1903A3 barrels were rifled by this process and accepted by the Ordnance Department.
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US College Basketball
Diallo scores 19 as Providence drops St. John's
Alpha Diallo scored 19 points and Luwane Pipkins added nine as Providence survived a defensive tussle by earning a 63-58 Big East Conference victory Wednesday over visiting St. John’s.
Jan 15, 2020; Providence, Rhode Island, USA; St. Johns Red Storm guard Rasheem Dunn (3) brings the ball up court while Providence Friars guard David Duke (3) depends during the first half at Dunkin Donuts Center. Mandatory Credit: Stew Milne-USA TODAY Sports
Diallo has scored at least 19 points in consecutive games for the Friars (11-7, 4-1), as he continues to distance himself from a three-point performance in a Jan. 4 victory over DePaul. The senior guard entered with a team-best 14.1 points per game.
LJ Figueroa scored 12 points while Rasheem Dunn had 11 as the Red Storm (12-6, 1-4) were unable to build any momentum after earning their first conference victory Saturday against DePaul.
Providence took a 31-26 lead into halftime despite shooting just 33.3 percent from the field in the opening 20 minutes. The Friars defense was able to hold St. John’s to 35.7 percent shooting.
Providence opened its advantage to 35-28 early in the second half before the Red Storm went on an 11-1 run to take a 39-36 advantage. Four different players contributed to the St. John’s run with Mustapha Heron scoring four points.
The Friars responded immediately, going on an 8-0 run to take a 44-39 lead with 12:10 remaining as Diallo started that uprising with the first three points.
Diallo went to the bench after recording his fourth foul with 11:50 remaining, but the Friars were still able to maintain their lead. Diallo returned with 3:09 to play and Providence leading 57-52, and the Friars were able to finish off their sixth consecutive victory over the Red Storm.
Providence shot just 35.6 percent from the field in the game and 23.5 percent from 3-point range. St. John’s went 37.3 percent and 26.1 percent in those respective categories.
Greg Williams scored 10 points for St. John’s, which had 11 steals. It was the Red Storm’s fifth consecutive game with double-digit steals, the longest active run in the nation.
Providence guard A.J. Reeves did not play because of a head injury that occurred against Butler last Friday. Starting forward Emmitt Holt (ankle) also was out Wednesday as Providence went with a seven-man rotation.
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Algeria releases protest detainees
ALGIERS (Reuters) - Algeria released a prominent opposition activist on Thursday after freeing dozens of other people in recent days who were jailed during 10 months of mass protests.
FILE PHOTO: A demonstrator's shadow is cast on a national flag during an anti-government rally in Algiers, Algeria December 24, 2019. REUTERS/Ramzi Boudina
Lakhdar Bouregaa’s release after six months in detention comes at a critical moment in the struggle between the leaderless opposition protest movement and the state, after last month’s presidential election and the death last week of the powerful army chief.
The new president, Abdelmadjid Tebboune, has offered dialogue with the protesters, and political analysts in Algiers said the release of the detainees may be aimed at winning support among the opposition for talks.
“The release of Bouregaa today is a good signal to alleviate the tension,” analyst Farid Ferrahi said.
About 35 young protesters detained during the past few months have also been freed in recent days, lawyers and activists said.
Hundreds of thousands of protesters took to the streets in February, marching first daily and then weekly, and succeeding in April in forcing veteran president Abdelaziz Bouteflika to step down.
The state authorities, including the powerful military, have tried to quell the protesters by arresting many Bouteflika allies on corruption charges, while allowing the demonstrations to continue.
Tebboune was elected in a vote that the protest movement opposed as illegitimate, demanding that the entire ruling elite quit power before any election could take place. He took 58% of votes with a turnout of 40% according to official figures.
The election had been pushed by the army and its chief of staff, Ahmed Gaed Salah, who died suddenly last week of a heart attack. Tebboune swiftly replaced him with another general of the same generation, the land forces chief, Said Chengriha.
Although many protesters saw Gaed Salah and allied generals as the main obstacle in their path, many of them also credited him for not using violence against their demonstrations. Hundreds of thousands of people attended his funeral procession.
Bouregaa, a veteran of Algeria’s war of independence in the 1960s, was detained in June as the authorities began to arrest more of the protesters who had flooded the streets since February.
Reporting by Lamine Chikhi; Writing by Angus McDowall; Editing by Alison Williams
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10 ways music brought people together in 2017 in Las Vegas
By Jason Bracelin / RJ
December 30, 2017 - 11:12 am December 30, 2017 - 11:20 am
It’s a truism, a cliche and a thing of real beauty all at once. Music brings people together. A sentiment like that can border on the trite at times. But 2017 was not among them.
Mel Brooks plans encore at Encore in April
Mel Brooks twice filled Encore Theater on June 30-July 1. He had just turned 91 when he made his Strip debut.
Jason Aldean speaks about Las Vegas shooting for first time — VIDEO
November 14, 2017 - 7:26 am November 14, 2017 - 9:17 am
Country star Jason Aldean says he hopes that healing can start for those affected by a mass shooting at a Las Vegas music festival in his first interview since the October shooting.
10 best things to do in Las Vegas on Halloween weekend
By Janna Karel / RJ
It’s a spooky weekend in Las Vegas.
Las Vegas musician recounts leading group to safety during shooting
By Briana Erickson / RJ
Las Vegas musician Bryan Hopkins tells how he and others eluded the shooter’s bullets during the Route 91 Harvest music festival Oct. 1, including taking refuge in a refrigerated compartment and later making dash to safety.
Back on tour, Jason Aldean honors Las Vegas shooting victims
By Adam Kealoha Causey The Associated Press
October 13, 2017 - 4:05 am October 13, 2017 - 4:18 am
Country star Jason Aldean brought the party back Thursday in his return to the stage following the deadly mass shooting that broke out while he was performing in Las Vegas, but the fun was tempered by the sting of the tragedy.
Musicians on Call offers healing respite for Las Vegas hospital staff and patients
By John Przybys / RJ
For a brief but welcome 90 minutes Wednesday, the hospital’s usual sounds were replaced by the sweet, soulful, moving, rocking notes of country music during a concert at Sunrise Hospital and Medical Center for staff and patients recovering from the festival shooting.
Life is Beautiful goes ape in incendiary finale — VIDEO
September 25, 2017 - 8:22 pm September 25, 2017 - 8:22 pm
“Virtual band” Gorillaz didnt play so much as detonated on the Downtown Stage on Sunday as the three-day Life is Beautiful music and arts festival came to an incendiary close.
Imagine Dragons glows at Clark High in Las Vegas — VIDEO
Las Vegas natives Imagine Dragons joined several organizations in presenting three Clark County schools with music education grants in a special ceremony at Clark High School in Las Vegas on Thursday.
‘Fanilows’ take note: Barry wants back in Vegas
August 13, 2017 - 6:44 pm August 13, 2017 - 6:44 pm
Barry Manilow headlined the Las Vegas Hilton and Paris Las Vegas from 2004-2012.
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From Our Bureaus
Armenian Opposition Leaders Threaten 'Regime Change'
October 10, 2009 14:06 GMT
Hrant Markarian
YEREVAN -- An Armenian opposition leader says his party will campaign for President Serzh Sarkisian's resignation if he signs a controversial normalization agreement with Turkey, RFE/RL's Armenian Service reports.
Armenian Revolutionary Federation (Dashnaktsutiun) leader Hrant Markarian told RFE/RL that his party is willing to find a compromise with the government, but added that it "will not hesitate to go to the end, to go for regime change."
Dashnaktsutiun, which was part of Armenia's ruling coalition until April, has refrained from seeking to unseat Sarkisian despite its harsh criticism of the Turkish-Armenian protocols.
It has instead proposed amendments to the documents and tried to prevent their unconditional ratification by parliament.
Another Dashnaktsutiun leader, Vahan Hovannisian, told RFE/RL that he cannot predict what will happen until he knows whether the protocols will be signed and ratified.
Another major opposition party, Heritage (Zharangutiun), has also threatened to push for a change of leadership.
Its leader, Raffi Hovannisian, said on October 8 that the signing and ratification of the protocols "would create the need for fresh" presidential and parliamentary elections.
Both parties and several other smaller opposition groups held a rally in Yerevan on October 8 to protest the Turkish-Armenian deal.
The influential Armenian National Congress (HAK) has refused to join the Dashnaktsutiun-led campaign, citing its reluctance to place Sarkisian's ouster atop its agenda.
HAK leaders say Dashnaktsutiun still has close ties with the government.
Turkey, Armenia Sign Historic Accord
IMF, World Bank Support Turkey-Armenia Border Opening
Armenian Opposition Party Refuses To Join Turkey Protest
Armenian Political Parties Issue Statement Against Turkey Deal
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Iran Militia Tries To Attack Italy Embassy
Dozens of members of Iran's religious Basij militia tried to attack Italy's embassy in Tehran today, Italian Foreign Minister Franco Frattini said.
Iraq Candidate Appeals Wrongly Presented
Almost all the candidates who contested their ban from Iraq's upcoming parliamentary election did not submit their cases properly and may have lost the chance to appeal, an Iraqi legal body said today.
Tajikistan Jails Al-Qaeda Member
Tajikistan's Supreme Court has sentenced a suspected Al-Qaeda member to eight years in jail, it said today, in the latest sign of growing efforts in Central Asia to prevent the spread of Islamist militancy.
Poland Recalls Envoy From Belarus
The president of the EU Parliament has criticized Belarus for evicting an ethnic Polish organization from its offices.
U.S. Denies Missile Shield Blocking START
The White House is denying that differences with Moscow on the proposed U.S. antimissile shield in Europe are blocking agreement on a new strategic nuclear weapons reduction treaty.
Tajik Candidate Registration Ends
Registration for Tajikistan's parliamentary elections has ended, with 150 candidates officially allowed to run.
More Armenian Corruption Cases Seen
Armenian police say corruption-related prosecutions surged 40 percent last year and have pledged to further increase the fight against graft.
The Cost of Showing Uzbekistan's Unglamorous Side
Uzbek photographer Umida Ahmedova has gone on trial for defamation, in a case that has prompted an international outcry. The authorities say her work documenting villagers' lives is insulting and damaging to Uzbekistan's image.
Armenian Rights Activist Acquitted
An Armenian human rights activist who spent more than four months in prison has been acquitted of charges relating to an alleged dispute with police based on a request from prosecutors, RFE/RL's Armenian Service reports.
Demand For Jailing Probe In Chechnya
In a statement, Amnesty International, Civil Rights Defenders, Front Line, and Human Rights Watch also called on the Russian government to fulfill its promise to ensure a safe working environment for human rights workers in the North Caucasus.
Afghan Avalanches Kill At Least 28
Afghan officials say at least 28 people have been killed and more than 70 injured after vehicles were trapped overnight by avalanches in a treacherous pass across the Hindu Kush Mountains.
Belarus Polish Activist Detained
An activist from the Union of Poles in Belarus (ZPB) has been detained by Minsk police.
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Rock Sound Magazine
Tyson Ritter On The All-American Rejects’ New Single: “Interscope Was Afraid To Release That Song”
Brii Jamieson 17 September 2019 at 17.28
"This song has been sitting, burning this candy-coated hole in our pocket for years." - Tyson Ritter
The All-American Rejects have dropped the official video for their latest single 'Gen Why? (DGAF)' - their sugar-coated, tongue in cheek answer to the baffling parts of youth culture.
Speaking about 'Gen Why' to Rock Sound earlier this year, frontman Tyson Ritter shared "It’s not a generalisation - to me, that song spilled out in a lyrical flow that’s not really conscious… sometimes you’ll be writing and playing at the same time, and the words just syllabically start making a sentence. And that sentence can connect itself to other bizarre moments, and I think that’s how this song came out.
He continued, "I was driving through Griffith Park and I saw someone smoking in a Land Rover and they looked like they were 11, and the windows were up and I was like, ‘Wow, what’s your life?’. So I made a story up about her. And it was just kind of... about her. For me it’s evocative. I feel like it’s one of those moments where maybe it doesn’t make sense, but it still kind of makes sense. I don’t know - maybe it’s triggering? I really don’t know. To me it’s just a mess of a song with a tongue just bursting through a cheek as its calling card."
"It’s funny because Interscope was afraid to release that song. That was back in 2015. So this song has been sitting, burning this candy-coated hole in our pocket for years. I just think it’s kind of funny that they were afraid of it. Which is insane because it’s not hurting anybody!"
Check out the video for The All-American Rejects' 'Gen Why?' below:
Brii Jamieson
Rock Sound Online
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Mental Health: Parenting
37–48 of 99
Parenting as Partners
How to Launch Your Kids Without Ejecting Your Spouse, 1st Edition
By Vicki Hoefle
Very few families are perfect. But looking from the outside in, through conversations in the grocery store or clicking through social media, oftentimes it seems we are the only ones struggling with raising our kids or aligning with our spouses on parenting. The reality is that so many families…
Developing Empathy
A Biopsychosocial Approach to Understanding Compassion for Therapists and Parents, 1st Edition
By Katharina Manassis
Empathy is valued across cultures, and has a profound impact on psychotherapy, our children, and our world. Why then are many human relationships not empathetic? This volume describes in detail the neurobiological, psychological, and social elements involved with empathy. Ideas are brought to life…
How Do Families Cope With Chronic Illness?
Edited by Robert E. Cole, David Reiss
Because chronic disorder is becoming an ordinary feature of family life and development, understanding its impact has become critical. This volume, and the conference proceedings it reports, represents a major effort to examine the family's response to chronic physical or psychopathological illness…
Advances in Family Research Series
Time-limited Psychodynamic Psychotherapy with Children and Adolescents
An interactive approach, 1st Edition
By Ruth Schmidt Neven
At a time when there is increasing concern about the escalation of child and adolescent mental health problems, Time-limited Psychodynamic Psychotherapy with Children and Adolescents provides an innovative contextual model that engages the child or young person and their parents. The core of the…
Play-Based Interventions for Autism Spectrum Disorder and Other Developmental Disabilities
By Robert Jason Grant
Play-Based Interventions for Autism Spectrum Disorder and Other Developmental Disabilities contains a wide selection of play therapy interventions for use with children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders, dysregulation issues, or other neurodevelopmental disorders. The structured…
AutPlay Therapy for Children and Adolescents on the Autism Spectrum
A Behavioral Play-Based Approach, Third Edition, 1st Edition
AutPlay Therapy is a behavioral play-based treatment approach to working with children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder and other developmental disabilities. This innovative new model contains a parent-training component (wherein the therapist trains parents to do directive play…
Meeting the Needs of Parents Pregnant and Parenting After Perinatal Loss
By Joann M O'Leary, Jane Warland
Despite research which highlights parents’ increased anxiety and risk of attachment issues with the pregnancy that follows a perinatal loss, there is often little understanding that bereaved families may need different care in their subsequent pregnancies. This book explores the lived experience of…
Parents and Digital Technology
How to Raise the Connected Generation, 1st Edition
By Suzie Hayman, John Coleman
Children today are digital natives, growing up in an age where social media and online communication is the norm. This book is an indispensable guide for parents who may feel they are struggling to keep up, addressing the issues that young people and their families face in the world of modern…
The Parent Survival Guide
From Chaos to Harmony in Ten Weeks or Less, 1st Edition
By Theresa Kellam
When parents turn to the parenting/self-help section of their local bookstore, they are looking for both practical guidance and a childrearing philosophy that resonates with them - an approach they can relate to and be comfortable implementing in their own household. In The Parent…
Hardback – 2016-01-29
Adoptive and Foster Parent Screening
A Professional Guide for Evaluations, 1st Edition
By James L. Dickerson, Mardi Allen
Screening applicants for adoption or foster homes has life-altering consequences for the children involved, yet there are incredibly few programs available to train screeners. The educational system that certifies thousands of social workers each year does not understand the specialized training…
A Therapist's Guide to Child Development
The Extraordinarily Normal Years, 1st Edition
Edited by Dee C. Ray
A Therapist's Guide to Child Development gives therapists and counselors the basics they need to understand their clients in the context of development and to explain development to parents. The chapters take the reader through the various physical, social, and identity developments occurring at…
Contemporary Parenting
A Global Perspective, 1st Edition
Edited by Guerda Nicolas, Anabel Bejarano, Debbiesiu L. Lee
Through a global, multidisciplinary perspective, this book describes how four factors influence parenting practices: a countries historical and political background, the parent’s educational history, the economy and the parent’s financial standing, and advances in technology. Case studies that…
2Series in Parenting
Routledge Studies in Crime, Justice and the Family
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Vehicle City Vampire Series
Halloween All Year Long
Haunted Flint
Spotlight: Excerpt from The Unwanted by Jeffrey Ricker
The Unwanted
Jeffrey Ricker
Genre: Gay YA fantasy
Date of Publication: March 18, 2014
Cover Artist: Sheri
Bold Strokes Books Indiebound Amazon
Barnes and Noble Indigo
Jamie Thomas has enough trouble on his hands trying to get through junior year of high school without being pulverized by Billy Stratton, his bully and tormentor. But the mother he was always told was dead is actually alive—and she’s an Amazon!
Sixteen years after she left him on his father’s doorstep, she’s back and needs Jamie’s help. A curse has caused the ancient tribe of warrior women to give birth to nothing but boys, dooming them to extinction—until prophecy reveals that salvation lies with one of the offspring they abandoned.
Putting his life on the line, Jamie must find the courage to confront the wrath of an angry god to save a society that rejected him.
I managed not to think about Billy until I walked out of the building at the end of the school day, and there was his Mustang parked at the curb.
Just keep walking, I told myself, determined not to let him get to me, mentally or physically. My bus was across the parking lot. I started to veer around Billy’s car. He lowered the passenger side window.
“Get in,” Billy said.
Wow, bossy was my first thought. No way in hell was my second. When I made no move toward his car, he leaned closer to the passenger side window. “Please. Get in.”
Wait, did he actually say “please”?
“Really? Why, did you miss a spot?”
I pointed at my face. My nose and eye were still bruised. He had the decency to look away, at least.
“Look, I’m sorry, and I’ll explain everything, I promise. But can you get in now?”
I’d have to be out of my mind to get in a car with Billy Stratton. Right? I crossed my arms. “If you’ve got something to say to me, I don’t see why you can’t say it while I’m standing right here.”
This time, he rolled his eyes. “Would you stop being a fricking drama queen? Look, your bus is gone, so I might as well drive you home.”
This was true. I turned to see the last bus pulling out of the parking lot and turning left out of sight. Way to go, Billy. It was either ride with the bully or walk home. I didn’t think he’d try to run me over if I opted to walk, but I decided not to press my luck.
Billy usually drove too fast—everyone in the school had heard him lay rubber at the driveway to the parking lot. With me in the passenger seat, though, he was almost too careful pulling onto the road. The radio was off. Neither of us had spoken for about a minute. Once we were on the straightaway from the school to the highway, I couldn’t take the silence anymore.
“What do you want?” I asked, trying to sound tougher than I felt and hoping I didn’t sound as scared as I was.
At the same time I started to say, “Why did you hit me?” Billy blurted out, “I’m sorry I hit you.”
“You’re such a—wait. What?”
“I said I’m sorry.” He gripped the steering wheel harder. “You want me to say it again?”
“No, I’m just—I mean, why did you hit me? Why—I never did anything to you. Why couldn’t you just leave me alone?” I felt like I was stumbling all over the place, though I was trying to keep myself still, as if he’d pounce if I moved too much. I squeezed my eyes shut and willed this all to not be happening.
I opened my eyes when I heard gravel under the tires and felt the car slowing down. Billy pulled over but left the engine running. He took one hand off the wheel and placed it on the armrest between the seats. Outside, iron-gray clouds closed out the sky overhead. The air felt tentative, like a storm was coming.
“Look,” Billy said. “I know you have no reason to believe me, but I’m sorry. I really am.”
“Yeah, yeah, you already said that. But I still don’t get why you did it. Do you know how hard it’s been some days just getting out of bed and going to school, knowing that you were going to be there? Wondering what you were going to do to me next?”
I have a bad habit of talking with my hands when I get worked up. Usually I can keep it under control, but control was in short supply at that point, and I must have looked like I was conducting an invisible orchestra.
“I think I do know,” Billy said quietly.
It started raining. Fat, heavy drops came down so hard they bounced off the hood and the windshield. Though he turned on the wipers, they had a hard time keeping up with the downpour.
“Then why did you keep tormenting me? Was it just fun for you? Did you even think about how it made me feel?” He tried to say something, but I was on a roll now. I cut him off. “Wait, of course you did. That was the whole point, wasn’t it? To make me feel like total shit? Because it’s so easy for you to walk around this school like you’re king of everything—”
“Easy?” he practically shouted. “You think it’s easy? You’re the one who makes it look easy.”
What the hell did that mean? I wanted to ask, but he was already facing the windshield again. He put the car in gear and pulled back onto the road.
“I really have no idea what you’re—”
Before I could finish the sentence, the sky cracked open and a bolt of lightning struck on my side of the street, splitting a tree and sending leaves and wood flying. Billy jerked the wheel to the left instinctively, and the tires squealed on the wet pavement. He somehow managed to get the car under control, but I still felt as if my heart was beating between my ears.
“That was close,” he said, right about the same time another lightning strike flared directly in front of us. It hit the roadway and flung gravel and asphalt into the air. Pebbles smacked against the windshield so hard the glass cracked. The road in front of us dropped away.
“Jesus!” This time Billy wrenched the wheel harder. The car fishtailed. We went hydroplaning across the road and barreling toward the trees on the opposite side.
This was not the way I expected my day to end.
Jeffrey Ricker’s first novel, Detours, was published in 2011 by Bold Strokes Books. His second novel, The Unwanted, will be published by Bold Strokes in 2014. His writing has appeared in the anthologies Paws and Reflect, Fool for Love: New Gay Fiction, Blood Sacraments, Men of the Mean Streets, Speaking Out, Raising Hell, The Dirty Diner, Night Shadows: Queer Horror, and others. A magna cum laude graduate of the University of Missouri School of Journalism, he is pursuing an MFA at the University of British Columbia.
Website: http://www.jeffrey-ricker.com/
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/rickerje
Blog: http://jeffreyricker.wordpress.com
Red Room page: http://redroom.com/member/jeffrey-ricker/
Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/rickerje
Goodreads: https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/4022611.Jeffrey_Ricker
Publisher’s website: http://www.boldstrokesbooks.com/Author-Jeffrey-Ricker.html
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Posted by Roxanne Rhoads at 6:00 AM
Labels: Spotlight: Excerpt from The Unwanted by Jeffrey Ricker
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DARREL WEBBER, RSPO SECRETARY GENERAL COMMENTS ON WWF STATEMENT ON THE REVIEW OF THE RSPO PRINCIPLES AND CRITERIA
News 03 May 2013
The latest statement from the RSPO Executive Board (here) conveys the multi stakeholder’s aspirations that the Principles & Criteria (P&C) that was implemented on the ground in the last 5 years has now been revised; and positively bolsters the relevance and competence of the international standard in promoting sustainable palm oil for the next 5 years. The enhancements in the revised RSPO standard encapsulate additional criterion on GHG emissions; pesticides; peat planting; forced labour; human rights and corruption.
As an international scheme for a global commodity – the RSPO views its evolutionary approach in enhancing its standard every 5 years as critical for significant impact in the global market place in enabling sustainable palm oil practices to become mainstream over time in addressing wide spread issues such as deforestation; social issues, land conflicts; wild life destruction, amongst others.
As a multi-stakeholder initiative – compromise is pursued by the various interests groups within the RSPO represented along the palm oil chain of custody. Every sector has had the opportunity to express their priorities during the review sessions over the year long process; and may respond to the final outcome as they deem appropriate in further advocating the cause of sustainable palm oil.
The WWF initiative is purposed at getting progressive companies, who have already significantly committed to the RSPO vision to drive their leadership in sustainability to the next level. The initiative is referenced against the RSPO and requires member companies within the organization to further demonstrate their disclosure through its existing systems, processes and reporting requirements. This will be discussed by the RSPO through its multi stakeholder process.
Anne Gabriel
Communications Director, RSPO Secretariat
annegabriel@rspo.org
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The Elder Scrolls Online Just Might Be Awesome
Yong provides The Elder Scrolls Online analysis. New combat and user interface interface information has been made available by Bethesda/Zenimax. Members of the press have been allowed to play an early build of the game. Many of the features players have become accustomed to from Skyrim and other Elder Scrolls games are present such as power attacks and skill freedom for character development. The artistic design of The Elder Scrolls Online remains consistent with previous titles in the franchise.
There are significant differences between previous Elder Scrolls games. The ability to free loot everything on players and objects has been removed, merchants will not have limited gold and resources. The weight and encumbrance system has also been removed for The Elder Scrolls Online. Monsters will have set levels based on areas similar to World of Warcraft.Professions
Cooking, crafting, enchanting all make their return in TSO. The cooking system retains many similarities to Skyrim, mixing ingredients to create food items that provide different benefits and buffs.
The combat system remains very similar to previous Elder Scrolls games, power attacks and blocking remain. Some influence in terms of user interface from recent releases such as Guild Wars 2 have been implemented such as limited action and ability bars.
Class Freedom
Freedom to tailor your class and abilities similar to other Elder Scrolls Games. This means choice of weapons and armor remains skill rather than class restricted.
Cause and Effect System
Quest givers will give significant dialogue options that will influence the outcome and nature of the quests offered in a significant improvement over the simple “light side” or “dark side” points offered in Star Wars: The Old Republic.
Main Channel
– http://www.youtube.com/yongyea
Try Guild Wars 2 for Free This Weekend April 19-21
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Rupert Wegerif
Talks & Media
Quantum theory and agency in education?
1.The idea of crossing disciplinary boundaries
A few years ago, in a research team meeting for an education project, I raised the issue of reflection in learning and Lindsay Hetherington, a lecturer in science education, commented that Karen Barad – a feminist philosopher and quantum theorist - criticised the metaphor of reflection preferring the more complex metaphor of diffraction. That evening I looked up Barad up on the internet, watched a You Tube video, became interested and bought her book ‘Meeting the Universe Halfway’ via Amazon. Now I am trying to apply her ideas to education. Did Lindsay have agency there in causing my learning? Was she my teacher? Does it matter to your answer if Lindsay had the intention to teach me or not? Barad argues that agency is not an attribute of people: ‘.. agency is a matter of intra-acting; it is an enactment, not something that someone or something has. It cannot be designated as an attribute of subjects or objects (as they do not pre-exist as such).’ And indeed it is true that it is only after I observe the event of learning – my learning about Barad’s quantum-physics based philosophy in this case - that I can go back and trace its causation and try to attribute agency. That agency is distributed and complex including You Tube, the Internet and the material book that I bought and also perhaps the larger systems (my job, my background in the current political economy etc) that enabled me to read it and have time to think about it.
Quantum theory describes the behaviour of sub-atomic particles so it might seem quite a stretch to apply this to education. At best such a move might be seen as loosely metaphorical in the way that people often mention wave-particle duality when they really just want to say that two different ways of looking at things both seem to have some truth in them. At worst it could be seen as a gesture towards the sort of scientific reductionism that claims that to really understand anything we need explanations in terms of the underlying physics. But I find that quantum theory helps me understand what is going on in education and this is neither as a metaphor nor as a reduction to the physical. So let me try to explain why I think that quantum theory matters.
First I have to acknowledge that I cannot read quantum theory in its proper mathematical language but only after translation into my kind of ordinary language. While I can appreciate some of the elegance and significance of Schrodinger’s famous wave function – the most iconic representation of quantum theory –it speaks to me mainly as something mysterious and exotic, like an artefact from an alien civilisation.
However, once translated into prose, this formula and others seem to describe the physical world better than any other theory available in a way that implies a suspension of belief in common-sense views of time, space, causality and identity. In place of common sense we have a completely new way of thinking involving superposition, quantum entanglement, and non-local causation.
Looking at dialogues in education has led me to propose that, to understand processes of dialogic learning, we need to switch from a (monologic) ontology of identity – the idea that there are separate things such as people and words that interact – to a (dialogic) ontology of difference – the idea that differences are more fundamental than identities and constitutive of identities[i]. However, I find the idea that relationships come first, even before the things that are supposedly in relationship, is difficult to think through and certainly difficult to articulate clearly and persuasively. I mean it does not really make much sense to claim that my relationship with you in this moment (hi) is what makes you to be you and me to be me as if we did not exist before the meeting (– or does it? Who are you in this moment? When exactly did you come into existence and in what form?). Common sense thinking says that there is me sitting here in my chair and you, at some distance away, over there, reading these words that carry messages between us, messages which might cause changes in us over time depending on how we respond to them. So what fascinates me most about quantum theory is that it is a systematic and rigorous thinking through of the implications of a difference ontology in a way that is not merely of creative interest but really seems to work to help us understand reality.
It is true that theory in the field of education does not need to conform to theory in field of sub-atomic physics. However, fundamental assumptions such as the idea that meaning can be grounded on describing interactions between definable things (atoms, people, words etc) or that events are caused by physically local mechanisms (the ‘principle of locality’) are general assumptions that are not specific either to physics or to education. If one area – sub-atomic physics – has generated a set of new assumptions that work better to explain how the world works then that new way of thinking can spread to other areas by a process of transduction. Anyway, the assumptions that seem so basic to common sense and even appear to be embedded in the way we have to use language in order to communicate with each other, turn out, on closer philological examination, to be the residue of now superseded physical theories (atomism, local causation, absolute space-time etc). If our fundamental assumptions about reality originate in a physical world view we now know to be false it is reasonable to challenge their application to education by seeing what happens if we replace them with ideas that are slightly more up to date although already tried and tested over about a 100 years..
2.Dialogue and the central paradox of education
What many take to be the central problem for educational theory was outlined by Meno and re-stated by Socrates in a dialogue written down by Plato:
"[A] man cannot search either for what he knows or for what he does not know[.] He cannot search for what he knows--since he knows it, there is no need to search--nor for what he does not know, for he does not know what to look for.”[ii]
This problem has been addressed in various ways by Piaget, Vygotsky, Bandura and others. All the solutions assume the separate identity of a learner facing a world and account for how changes in the identity of the learner are caused in an essentially mechanical way by internal and external processes. Quantum theory, by questioning the assumption of separate identity at the heart of the paradox, perhaps suggests the possibility of a different approach to educational theory and so a different approach to education..
Dialogue has been put forward as one response to Meno’s paradox of how people can know things that they do not yet know. Vygotsky suggested that learners go through a ‘zone of proximal development’ where relationship with a teacher (or more able other) enables them to do things, and understand things, that they could not do or understand alone and unaided. I have tried to augment this account with the simple idea that in dialogue you do not just learn by internalising the other’s point of view but, more importantly, you also open up a dialogic space in which many (ultimately an infinite number) of points of view play. [see my earlier blog on dialogic space] Notice that this view shifts the focus from dialogues as people exchanging words in physical space-time to a more meta-physical or poetic sounding idea that the gap between people in dialogue has a certain reality.
But what exactly is the status of this ‘dialogic space’ and what exactly are the mechanisms for the learning that occurs in dialogue? Sometimes a kind of focussed collective learning occurs through dialogue which is neither about each taking on board the already formed ideas of the other nor the random effervescence of multiple new ideas that might perhaps be assumed to arise from opening up a new space of possibilities. Merleau-Ponty described this[iii]:
A genuine conversation gives me access to thoughts that I did not know myself capable of, that I was not capable of, and sometimes I feel myself followed in a route unknown to myself which my words, cast back by the other, are in the process of tracing out for me.
Merleau-Ponty, M (1968) The visible and the invisible. Northwestern University Press.
Un véritable entretien me fait accéder à des pensées dont je ne me savais, dont je n'étais pas capable, et je me sens suivi quelquefois dans un chemin inconnu de moi-même et que mon discours, relancé par autrui, est en train de frayer pour moi.
Merleau-Ponty is concerned with the issue of how the ‘truth’ (relative to a context) emerges and gains acceptance. His point here is that sometimes we find ourselves saying things that seem to want to be said.
Freeman Dyson, who made a major contribution to quantum theory, claimed to experience new ideas flowing through him. As Merleau-Ponty describes how his words seem to go ahead of his conscious understanding so Dyson, who is writing, ascribes this agency to his fingers:
“I always find that when I am writing, it is really the fingers that are doing it and not the brain. Somehow the writing takes charge. And the same thing happens of course with equations .. The trick is to start from both ends and to meet in the middle, which is essentially like building a bridge.”[iv]
Freeman Dyson found his fingers leading him on the journey of what wanted to be said even though he did not know yet what that was. It was as if the ‘truth’ (the best representation in the context) here followed him and he only recognised it after the event. I think that this is quite a common experience. It is even something that I have observed researching children solving reasoning test problems together. The more the dialogic space opens the more solutions to problems seem to emerge spontaneously. Habermas wrote, in this context, of the ‘unforced force of the best argument’ emerging out of free and fair competition between multiple ideas. But this is not how it happens. Talk and explicit reasoning are important only after the event of creativity in which a new solution emerges often fully formed or nearly fully formed. Talk and explicit reasoning of the kind defined by Barnes and Mercer as ‘exploratory talk’ are useful for sharing insights and for checking them to see if they solve the problem but this talk does not have much role in directly generating creative insights in the first place.
3. Why a neuro explanation is not enough
One direction to go in understanding the learning ahead of oneself effect or how we often already seem to know more than we could possibly know, is through the phenomenon of incubation studied by neuro science.
Detailed experiments into the ‘aha’ effect described by Kounios and Beeman demonstrate that the brains of participants can be observed to solve problems before the participants themselves are aware of this and so the solutions ‘pop’ into consciousness as if from outside them. This is an interesting area of research which I have described elsewhere (Wegerif, 2012, p64). However one important limitation with much supposed neuro-educational explanation is that it assumes a pre-quantum theory mechanical world-view. The assumption seems to be that thought has a material instantiation in neuronal processes that can be completely described in terms of classical mechanics. Creativity, it is claimed, forms in time within individual brains where neurons interact according to traditional mechanisms of local causation. There is an old philosophical objection to this which is neatly expressed by the point that the world is in the brain as much as the brain is in the world. But now that we are building quantum computers relying on superposition effects and quantum level effects have been found to be central to understanding even such basic biological processes as photosynthesis [https://youtu.be/_RSKI5A_lsg] it is beginning to seem unlikely that something as complex as thought has no quantum level aspect. (See Penrose, R Emperor's New Mind and https://youtu.be/3WXTX0IUaOg] )
4.Applying quantum theory
Karan Barad, a philosopher who is also a quantum physics researcher, is, I find, a reasonably careful and persuasive guide to some of the implications of applying quantum theory to our experience of reality beyond the physics laboratory.
Step 1: Barad begins with an account of how the apparatus used to measure or observe matter can be shown to determine whether matter appears in wave from or particle form and even determine in advance the paths that photons choose to take as if they could predict the upcoming observation [see e.g https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheeler%27s_delayed_choice_experiment].
It follows from these experiments, as Bohr argued, that any description of matter needs to include a description of the apparatus of measurement. To restate this: ontologically it is not possible to separate object from subject. Both are together in one system, called an apparatus. The exact boundaries and nature of the object and the subject depend upon the way in which the measurement is made – the ‘agential cut’ as Barad calls this. Since the apparatus is a machine for producing space and time it cannot be thought of as located within space and time.
Step 2: She argues that the apparatus has no clear boundaries. ‘Is the printer attached to the computer part of the apparatus?’ She asks and continues ‘How about the community of scientists who judge the significance of the experiment and indicate their support of lack of support for future funding?’. If the configuration of matter observed by the apparatus is called the phenomenon then each apparatus is itself an observed phenomenon for a larger apparatus. (2007 P143 p161)
Step 3: It follows that reality is made up of phenomena produced by apparatuses which are themselves also phenomena. Subjects and objects are entangled together in a single system that, as a result of each ‘agential cut’ (an observation leading to a collapse of the wave function) separate out such that a subject looks at an object. In reality this could be thought of as just one thing looking at itself which is why Barad replaces the term inter-action between observer and observed with the term ‘intra-action’. This is a relational ontology in which ‘relata only exist within phenomena as a result of specific intra-actions (i.e there are no independent relata, only relations within relations).’ P429
Socrates’ solution to the educational paradox introduced by Meno (above) was that learning new things is actually a kind of recollection. We have access to an eternal soul that knows everything but when we incarnate we forget and the role of the teacher is to help us remember.
Barad’s version of Bohr’s interpretation of quantum could perhaps be read as offering a solution which is similar. Who we think we are – finite beings often closely identified with our physical bodies - is a kind of forgetting produced by an ‘agential cut’ (the collapse of the wave function). Who we really are is the whole entangled system before the cut including material objects and other people. Educational enquiry is not therefore, on this reading, about constructing new knowledge from scratch so much as about deconstructing the gap that separates us from who we really are and so from what we already know intuitively.
But Barad is not saying that. For her there is no true ‘self’ or true ‘thing’ underlying phenomena as there are no separate things at all, only one dynamic process. This means that ‘God’ or ‘the Universe’ should not be thought of as some sort of underlying agent. As she puts it: ‘Agency is not an attribute but the ongoing reconfigurings of the world. The universe is agential intra-activity in its becoming’. The educational implication is not that we retreat passively to a state of mystical union before the cut but that we participate more wholeheartedly in the creativity of the universe which consists of making new cuts, configuring and reconfiguring the world in new ways. Ethics and responsibility is bound up with the realisation that we are, in a sense, all the others and all the possibilities of matter.
5.And dialogic education?
Barad’s theory of agential realism fits in some ways with insights from dialogic theory but is useful in extending dialogic beyond culture to incorporate the material world. We do not just dialogically construct meanings, we dialogically construct matter. But what we mean by ‘we’ here has to extend to include the material world. Let me explain.
The standard model of agency that Barad is aiming at replacing is that of an autonomous self with intentions that get realised in acting on the world. A dialogic account of agency is already not like that. Let me illustrate this with a little made up story. I have a dialogue with some friends about whether to eat Indian, Chinese or Italian food tonight. I start off wanting Indian but we end up eating Italian. I could experience that as my agency being overridden by the others, or, maybe I listened and found myself persuaded that Italian would be better. This can happen partly because the fact that someone else wants something often makes it seem more desirable to me. In dialogues there is a participation in embodied feelings as well as in abstract ideas and salivating over the prospect of a good pizza is an embodied feeling that can be transmitted. On the way to the Italian restaurant we find the road blocked by barriers around a fallen tree and so we turn to try to find a way around. In the process we come across a gastro pub with a special offer and a great aroma. We all agree that this is the best option and feel grateful that the tree falling led us to make a new discovery. This little story is meant to illustrate Barad’s idea of entangled agency that is realised only in enactment. Lots of voices enter into the final outcome in a way that is not separable and includes physical objects such as a fallen tree. But this is precisely the nature of dialogic agency. When we make decisions and act through dialogue I find that I can participate – I sometimes lead and sometimes follow - but I cannot control. When the dialogue is working I identify with it and take joint responsibility. The fallen tree begins as a barrier to our intentions but ends as a contributor to a new beginning.
Entanglements produce what Simondon called ‘trans-individual’ effects or the agency of larger wholes. This explains Freeman Dyson’s feeling that his fingers led him to express truths about quantum physics before he had understood them himself. He became entangled with the literature in the area which is also to say that he became entangled with the behaviour of sub-atomic particles. He was on both sides at once building a bridge - as he put it. His new theories were not his alone, nor were they the voice of the universe simply possessing him in order to explain itself to itself - the agency was entangled and enacted. This explains the paradox of educational dialogue and inquiry, that we can learn new things and become new people and create new worlds in the process.
The boundary between me and you in a dialogue is constitutive of the dialogue – there is no dialogue without the boundary. I have focussed a lot on that boundary in the past. But Barad reminds us that there is also a boundary with the matter of the dialogue, with what we talk about. And the tools we use to support the dialogue enter in as agentive voices in their own right, I mean, for example, the particular concept words or other technologies such as computer software. If we pause and question these boundaries and open them up into a space of possibilities and enter into that space then we are truly in dialogue. Being able to cross-over and see things from your point of view as well as my point of view is only possible because we share a ‘prior’ or ‘underlying’ space of possibilities. Similarly Freeman Dyson being able to cross over and see things from the sub-atomic particles’ point of view was also only possible because of a shared space. Einstein writes about how he formed his theories out of a kind of dialogue with the universe in which he imaginatively role-played being a beam of light and such-like. Dialogue is possible because we are not completely contained by the configured world that we experience on the collapse of the wave function. The space that opens up in dialogue – dialogic space - is a return – always partial – to the space of all the possible perspectives and meanings before the cut was made and a particular reality became crystallised. The words we use in dialogue and the many little thought experiments we use are themselves ways of reconfiguring the world in order to creatively explore its possibilities.
Applying quantum theory to education helps us to understand how dialogues can work by unpicking boundaries, opening a space of potential and allowing learners to respond to the call of flows of meaning that originate beyond them and behind them. These flows of meaning can take the form of long-term cultural dialogues – like the long-term dialogue of Mathematics mentioned in my last blog. But culture is always entangled with matter and with nature. Barad’s account of the emergent and dynamic agency that arises from quantum entanglement – agency that we participate in but do not control - perhaps also explains a flow of meaning many feel called by that seems larger than culture – as if the universe itself was seeking to know itself and to love itself through us.
Barad, K. (2007). Meeting the universe halfway: Quantum physics and the entanglement of matter and meaning. duke university Press.
[i] Wegerif, R (2008) Dialogic or Dialectic? The significance of ontological assumptions in research on Educational Dialogue. British Educational Research Journal 34(3), 347-361.]
[ii] .Plato, Meno, 80e, Grube translation.
[iii] Merleau-Ponty, M (1968) The visible and the invisible. Northwestern University Press.
[iv] Quoted in Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1996). Creativity: flow and the psychology of discovery and invention. New
York: Harper Perennial.
In writing this blog I was also thinking of (in dialogue with?) David Bohm's work on realist quantum theory and on dialogue, about Deleuze's work especially 'immanence: a life' and, of course, about Spinoza - 'the Christ of Philosophers' as Deleuze calls him.
Rupert Wegerif. Professor of Education at Cambridge University. Interested in Dialogic Education, educational technology and teaching for thinking and creativity.
'Post-Truth'?
Dialogic Education
Dialogic vs Dialectic
Education as joining a dialogue
Types of talk
Understanding concepts.
Knowledge or Skills?
The-factvalue-divide-in-educational-research.html
What is involved in switching perspective?
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Sifting the soil of Greece. The early years of the British School at Athens (1886–1919) (BICS Supplement 111)
David W. J. Gill
‘...what we wanted was to connect ourselves directly with the heart of Hellenic culture so that its very lifeblood might flow through our veins, and this we should gain by the establishment of the school at Athens’
(J.B. Lightfoot, Bishop of Durham)
The British School at Athens opened in 1886 ‘to promote all researches and studies’ which could ‘advance the knowledge of Hellenic history, literature, and art from the earliest age to the present day’. Over the next 30 years the School initiated a major programme of excavations, initially on Cyprus, then at Megalopolis, on Melos, and at Sparta. School students took part in the work of the Cretan Exploration Fund and in the major regional surveys of the Asia Minor Exploration...
Exploring ancient sculpture – essays in honour of Geoffrey Waywell (BICS Supplement 104)
Edited by Fiona C. Macfarlane and Catherine Morgan
From Caria to English country houses and iconography to architectural reconstruction, over the past 40 years Geoffrey Waywell has transformed our understanding of Greek sculpture and opened the way for new generations of scholars.
In this volume, a celebration of his career on the occasion of his retirement, past and present students, friends and colleagues explore ideas, monuments and regions which reflect the great breadth of his research interests.
Essays range from iconographical studies of Myron's Discobolos, to the reconstruction of the Mausoleum of Halicarnassus, an exploration of the role of attribution, and a celebration of one of the works saved for the nation on Geoffrey Waywell's advice, the Jennings dog now in...
By the Sweat of Your Brow – Roman slavery in its socio-economic setting (BICS Supplement 109)
Edited by Ulrike Roth
By the Sweat of Your Brow brings together the contributions of seven scholars from the UK and the European continent on different aspects of the socio-economic setting of Roman slavery.
Individual chapters discuss the slave chapter of Diocletian’s Edict on Maximum Prices, the relationship between slave and free labour, the status of managerial slaves such as vilici and dispensatores, the use of legal sources for our understanding of the role of slavery in Roman society, the unchanging nature of slave prices from classical Athens and late antique Rome, the similarity in discourse and reality of the functions carried out by estate managers in ancient Rome and modern slave and serf societies, and, last, the...
Ancient History and the Antiquarian
Edited by Michael Crawford and C.R. Ligota
INTRODUCTION by M. H. CRAWFORD
T. J. CORNELL: Ancient History and the Antiquarian Revisited: Some Thoughts on Reading Momigliano's Classical Foundations ..... 1
ANTHONY GRAFTON: Tradition and Technique in Historical Chronology ..... 15
JEAN– LOUIS FERRARY: Naissance d'un aspect de la recherche antiquaire. Les premiers travaux sur les lois romaines: de l'Epistula ad Cornelium de Filelfo à l'Historia iuris ciuilis d'Aymar du Rivail ..... 33
A. C. DIONISOTTI: Claude De Seyssel ..... 73
C. R. LIGOTA: From Philology to History: Ancient Historiography between Humanism and Enlightenment ..... 105
CHRISTIANE KUNST:...
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Shreya Ghoshal – Melody Queen of Indian Cinema
11 Dec, 2012 – sitagita.com
She can be undoubtedly called the melody queen of the present generation! Shreya Ghoshal, who was introduced to the Indian film industry at the age of 18, completed a decade in Bollywood this year. The singing diva has secured a comfortable seat in this competitive field and continues to enthral the audience with beautiful melodies year after year.
Here we try to list some of the best works of the singer in the years that have gone by:
1. Jadoo hai nasha: The song portrayed by the hot pair of Bipasha Basu and John Abraham, in the 2003 pot broiler `Jism’ directed by Mahesh Bhatt, became iconic for not only the sensuality that was shown on screen by the glamorous lead pair, but also due to the sultry voice of Shreya. People may not remember the movie and its characters, but the song became an iconic in its own way.
2. Dola re: This song, that brought Aishwarya Rai and Madhuri Dixit in the movie Devdas (2002) as a dancing pair onscreen, was an instant charmer as the audience was witnessing the dancing legend and the most beautiful woman in the world, for the first time together! The dancing would have remained damp but for the voice of the young teenager who lent the additional charm to the entire sequences.
3. Zoobi doobi: (3 Idiots, 2009) The movie went on to break several records in Bollywood. But without its songs in the kitty, the charm of the movie would have remained dull. Shreya Ghoshal added to the naughty side of Kareena in the movie by giving one of her most popular performances in Zoobi doobi.
4. Chikni Chameli: (Agneepath, 2011) Katrina kaif’s item number from the movie has revealed the versatility of Shreya Ghoshal, who is more famous for doing melodious songs. Though the movie was not a great hit, Shreya managed to gain a good popularity with this song.
5. Teri Ore: (Singh is King, 2008) yet another melody that came after a small hiatus from the artist, took Shreya to another level of popularity. The beautiful portrayal of the song by Katrina Kaif added some more beauty to this enchanting rendition.
6. Ooh la la: (The Dirty Picture, 2011) Yes, it came as a surprise to many a listeners but reconfirmed the fact that Shreya was indeed a versatile singer! The vocal undulations required by the song, was beautifully managed by the singer.
7. Pal pal har pal: (Lagey raho Munna bhai) Shreya Ghoshal’s melodious voice is all evident through this beautiful rendition! Just simple, pure and pleasant melody.
8. Piyu bole: (Parineeta, 2005) The song came across as a continuation of one more’ from Shreya Ghoshal. Personifying the talent from Bengal in the most beautiful way, Shreya became one of the most sought after singers in the film industry. Needless to say that she was making waves in the media for all the good and beautiful reasons!
9. Barso re: (Guru) No one could have done justice with this song better than Shreya. Her voice was so well synchronized with the rain in which Aishwarya Rai was seen dancing in the movie that the song became an instant hit.
10. Bairi piya: (Devdas, 2002) remains one of the favourites of many listeners even after a decade! Among the first solos of Shreya Ghoshal, the song has never faded out of the musical ears’ memory. One may not be wrong if the song was titled as the best ever till date by the artist.
As an artist and singer Shreya Ghoshal commands a distinct place in the world of music and we hope that the diva continues to gain and accomplish musical heights in loads in the years to come!!
Top 100 Songs Of Shreya Ghoshal
Singer Shreya Ghoshal Sizzles at Sensational Concert
Sexy Hot Shreya Ghoshal pictures
Ooh la la Shreya!
« Shreya Ghoshal to entertain SA
Shreya Ghoshal’s brother Soumyadeep »
Categories: News & Media Tags: Bairi Piya, Barso re, Dola Re, Indian Cinema, Jadoo hai nasha, melody queen, Par hal har pal, Piyu bole, Shreya Ghoshal
Har Taraf – Shreya Ghoshal Har Taraf - Shreya Ghoshal Here is the song 'Har…
Singer Shreya Ghoshal Sizzles at Sensational Concert Singer Shreya Ghoshal Sizzles at Sensational Concert Oct 12, 2012…
Shreya Ghoshal’s brother Soumyadeep Shreya Ghoshal's brother Soumyadeep Dec 23, 2012 Shreya Ghoshal :…
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Share on Sina
Joao Moreira pictures the scenes at his family home as they cheer his winners in Brazil’s early hours
News / Joao Moreira
The Magic Man lands five victories on international day and knows he had support from afar despite the time difference
by Sam Agars
on Sunday, December 8, 2019 1:47 PM
An ecstatic Joao Moreira after Beat The Clock’s win. Photos: Kenneth Chan
It was an especially animated Joao Moreira that emerged from the jockeys’ room after the final race at Sha Tin on Sunday, but it was the thought of his family back in Brazil rather than his five winners that had him most excited.
The star jockey described the scenes he imagined unfolding in the Moreira household during the early hours of the morning as he delivered a magnificent haul at the Longines Hong Kong International Races, including two of the four Group Ones.
“I can imagine my brother watching the TV, screaming and shouting and waking up everybody,” Moreira said, throwing his arms about.
“My mum coming out with her big, long hair and saying ‘what is that?’ and then saying ‘ahh my son, he’s amazing’ and then calling me crazy,” the Magic Man added, imitating his mum’s hair with his hands.
HKIR: Joao Moreira makes good on Vase defeat with Glory 12 months on
Moreira said his family regularly wake up in the middle of the night to watch him work his magic, tuning in via the Jockey Club website.
It was a touch before 3am in southern Brazil when Moreira took out the Group One Longines Hong Kong Vase (2,400m) aboard Glory Vase and 40 minutes later he had his big-race double after snaring the Hong Kong Sprint (1,200m) with Beat The Clock.
"Moreira takes the Sprint and the Vase!"
Joao Moreira secures a G1 double as Beat The Clock bursts through to win the @LONGINES Hong Kong Sprint ahead of Hot King Prawn and Aethero! #HKIR #HKracing pic.twitter.com/9jukFCaS1g
— HKJC Racing (@HKJC_Racing) December 8, 2019
It was a more palatable 7am in the Moreira household when he was heading home to give them a call and celebrate his feats with his wife and children.
“I’ll go back, have a nice dinner, give my wife and kids a big kiss and get on FaceTime to talk to my mum, sisters and brothers,” he said.
While five-timers come around far more regularly for Moreira than most jockeys – his last was on October 12 – his effort on Sunday was special, with the 36-year-old winning four of the first five races to stamp his authority on Hong Kong’s biggest day.
He kicked things off with victory aboard Triple Triple in the opening race, took the third with Beauty Applause and reeled off a running Group One double in the fourth and fifth events, before chiming in again in race nine with Fat Turtle.
It's Japan's Vase! Glory Vase takes out the @LONGINES Hong Kong Vase for Joao Moreira and Tomohito Ozeki! #HKIR #グローリーヴェイズ #競馬 #香港ヴァーズ #香港国際競走 pic.twitter.com/hQiPxhAm4L
“What a day. It’s always hard to win one of those big races so to win two in one day is something that will stick in my mind for the rest of my life,” he said.
“I really believe luck plays a big role in this game. Some of the races I won I was quite lucky, I had to come up with different plans and things worked out pretty well, but it could have gone the other way around.”
Moreira’s win on Fat Turtle was a classic case of the Brazilian having to revert to plan B, with the jockey forced to weave his way through the field after cornering deep on the rail.
“That’s a good example of a race that luck has played a big role in. I obviously thought I was going to be forward, maybe one off the fence, one back,” he said.
“But I didn’t jump well and I had to say ‘OK, I’m going to have to come up with something quickly’, otherwise I will get stuck three or four wide.
“So once I got in three back on the fence I thought ‘it might be a trap but if things work out, it might be the perfect place to be’ and it worked out pretty good.”
Meanwhile, another highlight outside the Group Ones was the barnstorming performance of the Derby-bound More Than This, who came from last to take out the Class Two Eishin Preston Handicap (1,600m) for trainer Francis Lui Kin-wa.
John Size shows softer side as Beat The Clock snares Hong Kong Sprint: ‘it’s humbling to see a horse do that’
Lui has an enviable hand ahead of the four-year-old series, which begins with the Classic Mile in January, with both Golden Sixty and More Than This shaping as top chances – however Sunday’s performance left him certain of his top pick once the Derby rolls around in March.
“Over distance I think More Than This is better,” he said. “He did well and he’s only a three-year-old. He looks like he needs distance.
“Golden Sixty is an honest horse and he’s got a very good fighting heart but he’s not a big horse, he’s a light horse, so I have to be careful to maintain him.”
Comments0Comments
Race 1, 12:15pm
Race 3, 1:15pm
Race 10, 5:05pm
HELENE PARAGON HANDICAP
2000 / Class 4 (rated 60-40)
Horse Last runs Draw
1MAGNETISM 0/-/3/4/8/1/4 7
2TANGMERE 8/9/2/9/0/0 1
3EXALTATION 0/0/-/0/0/0/7 2
4LONDON HALL 3/-/6/8/0/4/4 9
5VILLA FIONN 4/4/5/3/1/4 10
6ABOVE 1/-/3/3/1/1/6 3
7BULLISH GLORY 3/2/1/5/0/6 4
8MURRAY'S PARTNERS 6/9/-/8/5/2/4 5
9GOOD DAYS 6/6/0/8/7/9 8
10PRESIDENT STAR 8/0/0/6/0 6
Full Race Card
by Trenton Akers
Why Japan is beating Hong Kong in the race for big-name jockeys
Zac Purton
Caspar Fownes
Moreira reveals which of Size’s hotshots he will ride in the Classic Mile
Joao Moreira not concerned by big price tag ahead of Beauty Legacy’s Hong Kong debut
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Home / News and Stories / All News / Gifts for Peace competition
Gifts for Peace competition
Good Health and Wellbeing
Decent Jobs and Economic Growth
by World Scouting from Worldwide
Publication date: 1st Aug 2007
Thank you to all of the Cubs, Scouts and Rover Scouts who entered the Gifts for Peace competition, sharing their photos, videos and sound clips, and their truly inspirational stories.
Entries were received from Australia, Burundi, Japan, Mexico, Philippines, Romania, Tanzania, Turkey and The United Kingdom. A well-known photographer and friend of World Scouting, Yoshi Shimizu, helped to judge the entries. Yoshi is the photographer who took the stunning Gifts for Peace photos for the World Scout Foundation 2005 annual report.
Please remember that all of your projects are 'winners', and the contribution you make is of the utmost importance.
Gifts for Peace is all about getting involved, making a difference by tackling an issue in your community. We will share your excellent local projects soon on the project area of this website, but for now you can read about the four wonderful projects, and their accompanying media files, that were selected to receive the digital equipment prizes:
see the photos here
Under 11 Photo Category - La Colombe Cub Pack, Musaga, Bujumbura, Burundi:
Kaze Ornella, Irakoze Bernisse, Ishimwe Armel, Inamahoro Gloria, Nizigiyimana Nina, Nshimirimana Eddy, Dushime Ahmed, Remesha Emma, Camwezi Brian, Kazungu Kenny, Landry, Loïck, Iradukunda Christa and leader Kévin Girumugisha.
'La Colombe' Cub pack from Musaga, Bujumbura in Burundi is showing solidarity with young children who have been repatriated from the conflict area of Gikoto and have suffered greatly from the effects of the war.
Through their Gift for Peace project, the Cub Scouts and their leaders organise games that are not only fun, but teach about peace and reconciliation. The children can play together in a safe environment and are learning to understand that they can lead a life without war or the need to flee. When they first ran the activities, the children were timid and found it hard to join in. Now, they have learned how to smile and laugh again with the Cubs, and to try to move on from all of the sadness in their lives caused by the war. The Cub Scouts have also collected clothes for the children, showing them that they care and are proud to be their friends.
Congratulations to all the Cubs in the La Colombe Cub Pack for showing you care and making a difference to the lives of others. This inspirational project along with accompanying photos wins the under 11 age group for the Gifts for Peace competition.
11-14 Photo Category - Qiblatain Scout Group, Tanzania:
Munir R Kimea , Zuhura Abubatar, Jamila Ally, Samir Warfaa Herz, Tunu Is'Haq, Asma Shujaudin, Husna Shujaudin.
Qiblatain Scout Group in Tanzania is supporting HIV/AIDS orphans and street children in their community as their Gift for Peace.
They chose this project having learned that over 75% of the children in orphanages and on the streets in their area had come to be in this situation having lost their parents or carers to HIV/AIDS.
Through this project, the Qiblatain Scouts have become more aware about HIV/AIDS and have held discussion sessions at their troop meetings. They are spending time in orphanages and with street children to learn more about the issues they face, and to support them to get back into education programmes. They visit people with AIDS in homes and hospitals to give them help with basic needs, and they are now working with the local government to gain support for these initiatives and increase the aid given to orphans, street children and HIV/AIDS patients.
This Gifts for Peace project has really made a difference, and there has been a shift in changes in attitude in the local community which now shows more interest in helping HIV/AIDS orphans and street children. Congratulations to all of the Scouts involved in this project, and to the group whose story, along with photos showing the project in action, wins the 11-14 age category of the Gifts for Peace competition.
15-26 Photo Category - La Colombe Rover Crew, Musaga, Bujumbura, Burundi:
Havyarimana Evrard, Bakanibona Fernand, Nkurunziza Aimé Gaël, Kwizera Blaise, Girumugisha Kévin, Dorine, Bukuru Colin, Nimubona Come and leader Aphrodis Sabushimike.
Scouts from the rover section of La Colombe group, in Musaga, Bujumbura in Burundi, decided to support one of their local inhabitants and her family as their Gift for Peace.
The Rovers got to know a blind lady living with her grandchildren in their town. The roof on her home was full of holes, there was no toilet for the family to use, and she was not receiving any support from the local administration.
They decided, in the spirit of solidarity, to do the necessary work and give this woman the help that she desperately needed.
In December 2006, they met at the lady's home. They made the earth bricks, build the toilet, filled in the holes in the roof and took time to talk to her about daily life. She told them about her life and that her grandchildren who are very young (under 10 years old) go to the town centre to beg for money and return with the little that they manage to collect. When they get home they have to do the daily household chores. She is very sad, and has very little to look forward to in life, but she has the future of her grandchildren to consider, and these acts of solidarity and kindness gave her some hope. The Rovers have decided to return to visit and are happy that they could make a small difference for the lady and her family.
Congratulations to the Rover Scouts involved in this project, which accompanied by photos showing the project in action wins the 15-26 age category of the Gifts for Peace competition.
15-26 Audio Category - Rover Group 'Red Ambiental Nayarit', Mexico:
Cristian Becerra Monroy, Cruz de Jesús García Chavez and their Rover Crew.
15-26 Sound Clip Category Winner: Rover Scouts in Mexico
Rover Scouts in Mexico are working to develop their community and promote cooperation with others to create a better world.
These Rovers belong to the 'Red Ambiental Nayarit' (Nayarit Environmental Network), a group of volunteers who work to support social development, protection of the environment and the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).
In March 2005, six Rover Scouts, aged fifteen to twenty-two, developed a programme called "Conscious Society, Healthy Environment", which involves them going into schools in their town to deliver training workshops on the environment. The Scouts also work with local organisations to develop environmental projects.
They have set up a programme to separate waste and resell it, therefore promoting recycling and ensuring that the project becomes auto-financing. This particular project has now been taken up in other areas of the town.
Congratulations to the Rovers for their great project, which together with a one minute sound clip wins the 15-26 age category in the Gifts for Peace competition.
It's hard to convey two years work in a one minute sound clip, but they did a good job! You can listen to their clip (in Spanish) here.
To hear the winning entry :
Red Ambiental Nayarit - Com.mp3 9
Values and Lifeskills
World Scouting
You should not see this
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https://www.sfgate.com/restaurants/article/High-profile-Wildhawk-ruffles-a-few-feathers-in-8354872.php
Wildhawk impresses but ruffles a few feathers in changing Mission
By Esther Mobley
Updated 10:18 am PDT, Wednesday, July 13, 2016
Photo: Jen Fedrizzi, Special To The Chronicle
People have drinks at Wildhawk in S.F.
Wildhawk, the newest jewel in PlumpJack’s ever-growing hospitality crown, is a very good bar that comes with a lot of baggage.
On the corner of Lexington and 19th streets, it’s a beautiful space, eclectic and elegant. Designer Jay Jeffers, taking inspiration from the bar’s namesake — the 19th century saloon dancer and courtly entertainer Lola Montez, said to dance “like a wild hawk” — has created a bar that feels exotic and ornately Victorian, with patterned tin ceilings, elaborate wallpaper, funky patterned upholstery and antique tchotchke-filled curio cabinets.
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That aesthetic has little in common with the bar that Wildhawk replaced, the Lexington Club. When the PlumpJack Group took over the space after the beloved lesbian bar — San Francisco’s last — closed last spring, they began major structural renovations. It shows: The divey ambience of the Lex, whose walls were coated in graffiti and old concert posters, has yielded to Wildhawk’s refined, hyper-stylized precision.
As the PlumpJack Group will do, Wildhawk has attracted an impressive roster of high-profile bar talent. It’s led by Jacques Bezuidenhout and Ken Luciano, the men who, just a few months earlier, and just a mile away, brought you Forgery; bartenders include Karri Cormican, formerly of Comstock Saloon, and Christina Cabrera, the consultant who launched Old Bus Tavern. (Despite some reports that Wildhawk has an “all-female team,” as if in deference to the Lex, there are in fact dudes behind the bar.)
Their drinks match Jeffers’ stylistic vision. Whereas Forgery focuses on classic(ish) cocktails, at Wildhawk “once we started to see the direction of where the design was going, I wanted to dig a little deeper into the cocktails,” Bezuidenhout says. “Push it a bit — be more intricate.” He’s taking more risks here. One drink has Cocoa Puffs.
The cocktails are ambitious — at times a bit eye-rollingly so. If you can get over the fact that there’s an Anchor Steam hops tincture and that the martini costs $25 (its price tag acknowledged by the menu: “You are essentially getting two ice-cold delicious martinis in one lovely serving,” it says reassuringly), you will discover that overall these concoctions, though stunty, are nevertheless seamlessly balanced.
Dale's Gibson at Wildhawk in S.F.
The Amor Bravio ($13) combines Partida Blanco Tequila, apple juice, Leopold Bros. tart cherry liqueur and eucalyptus tincture for a frothy, aromatic result. Simultaneously smoky and refreshing, it tastes like none of its components but like some better, unified whole. The Hip Hops, one of the vermouth-based cocktails (dry vermouth, grapefruit, pineapple gum and that Anchor Steam tincture; $8), has all the appeal of a sweet citrus juice, with just enough bitter interest from hops. You could demolish a pitcher of it on a sunny day in the park — and with just 2¼ ounces of vermouth, it’s got about the same alcohol content as a glass of wine.
Word has spread around town about the Breakfast Negroni ($12) — that’s the Cocoa Puff drink — for which Bezuidenhout blends a traditional Negroni (Beefeater gin, Campari, Cinzano 1757 vermouth), then steeps Cocoa Puffs in the concoction for a day before straining out the cereal. It’s served in a bowl, sans spoon, with orange peels cut into kid-friendly shapes floating among the ice cubes.
“I’d been seeing things on the Internet about people experimenting with breakfast cereals and spirits,” Bezuidenhout says.
Why not Cocoa Pebbles, or Count Chocula? “Cocoa Puffs are all natural, and they had the flavor I was looking for — a little cinnamon, and a lot of sugar.”
Yes, “all-natural” does seem like a strange justification for bringing Sonny the Cuckoo Bird into your back bar, and yes, it does cheaply pander to taste-memory nostalgia. But it works. Its turn on the mid-palate from supersweet to bitter happens unexpectedly.
Some drinks, however, don’t live up to their promise, like the 9 Deaths of the Ninja ($12). The idea for the drink began, improbably, with its vessel: a cup engraved with ninjas, which Bezuidenhout happened upon and then decided to fill with Japanese whiskey. Kikori is infused with toasted coconut, then mixed with white Port and pear eau de vie. Surprisingly, it’s barely sweet — and in fact barely tastes like anything at all, besides dilute whiskey. Served on the rocks, it doesn’t benefit from the addition of egg whites.
As seems to be the trend these days, the Wildhawk menu pays homage to other bartenders: Each month, a friend curates a variation on the martini. Recently, it was an excellent Gibson from Beefeater’s master distiller Desmond Payne ($14). With Lillet, a balsamic-caramelized onion and (you guessed it) Beefeater gin, the drink is clean, saline and floral, made tangier and earthier when interspersed with bites of onion.
The Breakfast Negroni at Wildhawk in S.F.
Also on-trend: Highlighting a geeky spirit category, like vermouth. If you’ve always recoiled at the thought of drinking vermouth on its own, assuming it’s better relegated to the background of martinis or Negronis, it would be worth asking a bartender to pour you some tastes of this versatile and extremely sippable aromatized wine ($7 a glass). Try a dry vermouth, like the grassy, citrusy Martini Ambrato; the smoky, off-dry Delprofessore; and the more robust La Quintinye, a sweet red vermouth that tastes like iodine and cherries, in a good way.
The Lexington Club was always going to be a tough act to follow. Heartfelt memorials attended the cherished queer institution’s shuttering last spring: “I’m scared of how it’s going to feel to miss you,” said one grieving patron, quoted in The Chronicle’s April 2015 tribute. The closing of the Lex was more than the loss of another San Francisco dive bar; it was the uprooting of a community. It suggested a kind of nail-in-the-coffin moment for the Mission, too: Was this haven for artists, for queers, for marginalized populations truly, finally disappearing?
Breakfast cereal-infused cocktails: Is this what we’re doing now?
Well, yes, for better or for worse. Today, Wildhawk’s craft-cocktail celebration feels at home on that block of 19th Street between Mission and Valencia, joining a $185 tasting menu (Lazy Bear), a restaurant specializing in oysters and charcuterie (Hog & Rocks) and a farm-to-table eatery (Radish). It wasn’t just the Lexington; it was the whole neighborhood.
“We need to win everybody over,” acknowledges Bezuidenhout. “There are some people who don’t like change, and the only thing we can do is open the doors and welcome them all.”
Karri Cormican, who moved to Wildhawk from Comstock Saloon, shakes up a drink at the bar designed with ornate, Victorian flair. The Wildhawk replaced the beloved and scruffy Lexington Club lesbian bar in the ever-changing Mission.
Karri Cormican, who moved to Wildhawk from Comstock Saloon, shakes...
For the discerning foodie, the choices on 19th Street have never been better. But even in such a rapidly changing city as San Francisco, the eulogy music seems to blare particularly loudly on this corner.
But it is not keeping lots of people from enjoying their time at Wildhawk. It’s a great bar. On any night, you’ll spot crowds of friends lounging on its inviting, funkily upholstered sofas, lifting cereal bowls to their mouths. They nod with recognition when Janet Jackson, the Beatles and Tears for Fears come on the sound system. Yes, the drinks are different. It’s still a night out in the Mission.
Esther Mobley is The San Francisco Chronicle’s wine, beer and spirits writer. Email: emobley@sfchronicle.com Twitter: @Esther_mobley Instagram: @esthermob
What to order: Breakfast Negroni ($12), Hip Hops ($8), Amor Bravio ($13)
Where: Wildhawk, 3464 19th St., (at Lexington), S.F. (415) 829-7860. wildhawksf.com
When: 5 p.m.-2 a.m. Monday to Saturday, 2 p.m.-midnight Sunday.
Tommy's Mexican Restaurant
Latest recipes from the San Francisco Chronicle
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Michael M. Shea
Michael M. Shea, Jr.
Mark B. O’Connor
Nicole N. Hancock
Experience. Respect. Results.
Notre Dame settles case regarding scissor lift death
On behalf of Shea & Shea - A Professional Law Corporation posted in Personal Injury on Thursday, August 18, 2011.
The University of Notre Dame settled with the Indiana Occupational Safety and Health Administration (IOSHA) for penalties resulting from the October 2010 death of Declan Sullivan. Sullivan was a 20 year old film student, who was employed by the athletic department to record football practice from a 40 foot tall hydraulic scissor lift. The lift toppled over during practice due to high winds. The National Weather Service issued a wind advisory that day, and recorded gusts over 50 miles per hour around the time of the accident.
Notre Dame will make a donation to a memorial fund for Declan in an undisclosed amount, as well as implement a nationwide safety education program to educate other schools on the safe use of scissor lifts in exchange for reduced fines. Notre Dame will now pay $42,000 in fines, instead of $77,500 for six safety violations. The violations included failing to adequately train students on the use of lifts, failing to keep an operator's manual on the lift, and allowing untrained employees to use the lifts with knowledge that a wind advisory was in effect. (See Notre Dame's internal report here).
Scissor lifts are frequently used to record football practice at universities across the nation. It is recommended that lifts be grounded when winds reach approximately 28 miles per hour. Notre Dame had a policy of grounding them when winds were 35 miles per hour or higher. The school reported that none of the weather reports it read before practice met the 35 mile per hour mark. Tweets by Sullivan shortly before the accident, however, demonstrated his concern over the high wind advisory and strong gusts of wind.
This is not the first time this type of accident has occurred. In 1995, two students at James Madison University were injured when a lift fell over during practice due to wind. They suffered severe back injuries. In 2000, a Colorado State student suffered broken ribs, punctured lungs, and liver damage when a lift toppled. (http://athleticbusiness.com/articles/article.aspx?articleid=3674&zoneid=33).
In its internal report, Notre Dame discusses the implementation of a national education effort. The report states that "college lift policies lack uniformity and specificity" and recommends collaboration with the Collegiate Sports Video Association, IOSHA, and the NCAA to implement stronger safety rules. Notre Dame's recommendations for its own program include firm guidelines for lift use, and training for student lift operators.
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HomeTagsPosts tagged with "lesbian"
Are You The One? The first queer reality show has finally landed
In an age of television that is still blatantly anti-LGBTQ+, one reality show rises above the rest. Love Island, in our view, didn't get enough criticism for it's heteronormativity among other flaws.
Representation of queer people remains massively lacking, especially on reality TV where most people involved are of the same weight, race, age and sexual orientation. They look filtered, pretty much.
MTV's latest series of Are You The One? is back for season eight, but with a beautiful twist: every one of the cast members are sexually fluid. Thank the good Lord, it's what we've been waiting for.
A post shared by (@areuthe1) on Aug 9, 2019 at 11:11am PDT
This glittery MTV show will fill the empty void of your life now that Love Island has ended. 16 singles from all over the US have flown to Hawaii for the summer to try and find love, without gender limits.
“Welcome to the most ambitious matchmaking experiment ever attempted,” said host Ryan Devlin. The cash prize is a little more than the ITV dating show…try $1 million.
The contestants have 10 weeks, and 10 match-up (recoupling) ceremonies to try and find out who their perfect match is. All 16 contestants are fair game, so it's far more challenging this time around.
A post shared by Are You The One? (@areuthe1) on Aug 13, 2019 at 7:17am PDT
Topics surrounding gender identity and sexuality will be approached, and progressive narratives that the LGBTQ community wholeheartedly deserve.
Competitions, dates and truth booths will be part and parcel of the experience every week, but drama, fights, heartbreak, sex and juicy content ensues as a result.
The 2019 cast's perfect matches are discovered through a dating algorithm, based on a vigorous process involving comprehensive interviews, IQ and personality tests, interviews with family, friends and exes.
A post shared by PaigeAndRemy (@paigexremy) on Aug 9, 2019 at 12:44am PDT
“The matchmakers got pretty deep into all of the contestants’ past relationship history, so they would do these interviews with the contestants and their family, friends, and exes. All that information was combined and analysed,” executive producer Tiffany Williams revealed to Entertainment Weekly.
The discourse surrounding gender identity still needs to be opened up further, and queer representation is a great place to start. Awareness and education about sexuality can be provided through the medium of reality TV (Drag Race changed the damn GAME).
“It’s still a fun, drama-filled salacious ridiculous reality show but it’s now got a social message underneath it,” Executive producer Rob LaPlante stated in an interview with Variety.
When they say they have bad credit, are emotionally unavailable, and are over 6'1" #AYTO pic.twitter.com/A6AU5KO3OE
— #AYTO (@AREUTHE1) August 13, 2019
MTV have provided a relationship expert, Dr Frankie, who specialises in working with the LGBTQ community. Proper mental health support is 100 percent needed throughout the process and afterward.
Seeing as much of the drama is usually constructed, many fans have expressed concerns for queer people being exploited for entertainment. MTV appear to be deconstructing heteronormative conversations in a positive way, however. We adore the inclusive cast.
Are You The One? season eight airs on MTV at 10pm every Monday. Grab that queer content by the rainbow.
Feature image: MTV/Instagram/@areuthe1
sexually fluid
Our top five LGBTQ+ dating apps: Just in time for some Pride lovin’
June is Pride month, in case you haven't noticed the onslaught of rainbows on every corporation's logo over the last two weeks, but we've got another matter in mind to address: Dating apps.
Most of us haven't yet realised that the most popular dating apps around are heavily tailored towards heterosexual, cisgender people.
Why not spread the love around, eh? Give queer people, gender non-binary folk, trans people, gay men and lesbians a shot at swiping right.
We've gathered our top five best dating apps for queer people, so grab your Pride and get on the Swipe Slide.
1. Her
Her is, without a doubt, one of the best dating apps for lesbian, bisexual and queer women.
Why? It's simple: It was made BY queer women FOR queer women, rather than just creating a heteronormative app and then tailoring it for lesbians.
We absolutely love Her's unapologetic approach to love, and their respect for intersectional inclusion for those of all races, sexes and gender-identities.
Don't let the name fool you: The site is one of the most popular dating apps for both cisgender and non-binary people looking to meet other queer women or non-binary people.
A post shared by (@hersocialapp) on Apr 12, 2019 at 9:02am PDT
The app allows users to create a social media-like presence through profiles and queer event suggestions, allowing you to meet people in the flesh. Love is in the air, for everyone this time.
2. Lesly
Dating apps created specifically for lesbians and bisexual+ women seem like few and far between; enter Lesly.
The site works similarly to Tinder, and uses photo-based profiles that you can swipe left or right for.
On this app, however, you'll only find queer women and no straight men looking to creep on lesbian women…Thank the Lord.
Image: Lesly
3. Fem
Fem is a dating app geared towards lesbians and those interested in meeting lesbians. Despite the language, which appears to exclude trans people and gender-non binary folk, the app isn't only for lesbians.
Queer women of any and all sexual orientations and gender presentations use it successfully, and the app encourages users to make video profiles. There's also a group chat setting.
Making a video profile isn't compulsory, so don't worry if being in front of the camera isn't your thing. Just upload a killer selfie, and get swiping.
Image: FEM
4. OkCupid
While OkCupid began by focusing almost exclusively on straight people, it has now developed to become far more welcome towards the queer community.
The site have added a rake of new gender identity and sexual orientation option, and has more extensive user profiles so it's great for finding a real, romantic connection for a long-term, relationship/
They ask a huge amount of questions when you download the app, but the detailed profiles definitely pay off.
#PrideMonth’s impact pic.twitter.com/6xoMUGH0ZG
— OkCupid (@okcupid) June 9, 2019
5. Hinge
Hinge sets up potential partners through their mutual friends on Facebook.
It only matches you with friends of friends, so you're never meet with someone too far outside of your social circle, rather than basing matches on location.
The site allows you to answer questions about yourself in your profile, meaning it's more in-depth than Tinder or Bumble. Hinge also sends you daily ‘batches’ of matches, so it's pretty good for progress.
A post shared by Hinge (@hinge) on Jun 10, 2019 at 11:20am PDT
That sums up our top five dating apps for queer folk, but don't forget that Bumble and Tinder still work for the LGBT+ community, they just weren't initially made for them.
Grindr and Chappy are also KEY for gay men, with Grindr working incredibly successfully for hook-ups and Chappy supporting long-term gay relationships. All we can say is…YAS.
Happy Pride, folks. Find some romance, even if it's just self-love. If you can't love yourself, how the hell are you gonna love anyone else?"
gender non-binary
Ellen Page DRAGGED Chris Pratt for attending anti-LGBT church
Ellen Page is known for being an absolutely unreal actress, and all-round lesbian ledgebag.
Literally, she's queen of the gays. Did you SEE her speech on the Stephen Colbert US chat show about Vice-President Mike Pence's homophobia? We had chillz. They're multiplying.
The Juno actress has now called on Guardians Of The Galaxy star Chris Pratt to address his church Hillsong’s attitude towards LGBTQ people.
Ellen Page's emotional interview with Stephen Colbert is going viral after she scorched the current administration in the wake of Jussie Smollett's hate-fueled attack (Watch the full interview: https://t.co/EN5IjFva6G via @colbertlateshow) pic.twitter.com/ZDHfYf7ZQI
— NowThis (@nowthisnews) February 7, 2019
The newly engaged Chris Pratt spoke about his ‘spiritual side’ on The Late Show with Stephen Colbert, ironically the show that Ellen made her badass speech on, and she had some words to say about it.
The 39-year old Jurassic World actor is admittedly very religious and identifies as a non-denominational Christian, attending services at the Zoe Church and Hillsong, also attended by Selena Gomez, Justin Bieber and Hailey Baldwin.
Replying to Pratt's comments, Ellen wrote to Twitter; "Oh. K. Um. But his church is infamously anti-LGBT+ so maybe address that too?"
Oh. K. Um. But his church is infamously anti lgbtq so maybe address that too? https://t.co/meg8m69FeF
— Ellen Page (@EllenPage) February 8, 2019
Page has just celebrated her one-year-anniversary with her wife Emma Portner last month, and famously speaks out against homophobic attacks like the recent horrible incident involving Empire actor Jussie Smollett.
In 2015 Brian Houston, leader of Hillsong, has said that while gay people are welcome to worship there, and that he loves all people, Hillsong doesn’t ‘affirm’ the gay ‘lifestyle’. Whatever the heck that means.
"Hillsong Church welcomes ALL people but does not affirm all lifestyles. Put clearly, we do not affirm a gay lifestyle and because of this we do not knowingly have actively gay people in positions of leadership, either paid or unpaid."
A post shared by chris pratt (@prattprattpratt) on Mar 27, 2016 at 5:57pm PDT
"Can you take an active leadership role? No. ‘This won’t make everyone happy and to some, this stance may even be seen as hypocritical. We are a gay welcoming church but we are not a church that affirms a gay lifestyle." Alright then…
Famous pastor of Justin Bieber, Carl Lentz, said he admits he doesn’t know what Jesus would think about homosexuality, saying:
"Jesus was in the thick of an era where homosexuality, just like it is today, was widely prevalent. And I’m still waiting for someone to show me the quote where Jesus addressed it on the record in front of people. You won’t find it because he never did."
Pratt spoke on the show about how his church helps him to deal with fame, and has yet to respond to Ellen's tweet.
Feature image: Marie Claire
anti-LGBT
Ireland will change birth certificates to cater for lesbian parents
Regina Doherty, Social Protection Minister, has confirmed Government approval for the preparation of the Civil Registration Bill 2019, which introduces vital new changes for LGBT+ parents in Ireland.
Parental rights of same-sex couples on birth certificates of children born through donor-assisted births have now been officially affirmed.
According to the Department of Social Protection, the Civil Registration Bill will; “resolve a number of difficulties in the registration of donor-assisted births and will be brought forward as a priority”.
Minister @ReginaDo to introduce Civil Registration Bill 2019. The Bill will resolve a number of difficulties in the registration of donor assisted births and will be brought forward as a priority. Read more here: https://t.co/XVBfTtyiDd pic.twitter.com/cHJi6uJC9R
— welfare.ie (@welfare_ie) January 11, 2019
“This bill will extend the required particulars for registration of a birth to include ‘parent’ on a birth certificate,” the Department continued.
“At present, birth certificates issued in respect of donor-assisted children born to same-sex couples only allow for the recording of the mother’s details," it said, highlighting issues for lesbian parents.
“These changes will facilitate the registration and re-registration of births of children of same-sex female couples, and this will affirm their parental rights.”
Parents of non-donor assisted children may also utilise the label “parent”, if they so desire.
Regina Doherty expressed her happiness surrounding the crucial changes;
“While the changes proposed will affect a relatively small number of people, they touch on matters that are very sensitive and of great importance to those families affected."
She continued; "I have met with and spoken to many affected by this issue and I am now very pleased to be able to bring these changes forward as a priority to ensure that they can be introduced as soon as possible."
The bill will be published and brought before the Houses of the Oireachtas hopefully early in early spring.
department of social protection
regina doherty
the civil registration bill 2019
Goosebumps! BBC just released a teaser trailer for Normal People
Sex Education returns to Netflix today and it’s better than ever
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