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NBA Results:
2016 New Orleans Pelicans
Schedule and Results:
More New Orleans Pelicans:
2020 / 2019 / 2018 / 2017 / 2016 / 2015 / 2014 / 2013 / 2012 / 2011 / 2010 / 2009 / 2008 / 2007 / 2006 / 2005 / 2004 / 2003
This page features all the games played by the Pelicans in the 2015-16 NBA Season and Playoffs.
Home > NBA Year by Year > 2016 > Teams > New Orleans Pelicans > Schedule and Results
2015-16 New Orleans Pelicans
New Orleans Pelicans 2015-2016 Schedule and Results
All the scores of the games played by the Pelicans in the NBA 2015-16 Regular Season and the 2016 Playoffs, with teams, results, winning and losing streaks, partial and final records and evolution of the playoff series.
30-52 (.366), 12th in Western Conference
Playoffs Record:
New Orleans Pelicans 2015-2016 Game Schedule and Results
scroll for more >>
1 Oct 27, 2015 Pelicans @ Golden State Warriors L 95 - 111 lost 1 0 - 1
2 Oct 28, 2015 Pelicans @ Portland Trail Blazers L 94 - 112 lost 2 0 - 2
3 Oct 31, 2015 Pelicans vs. Golden State Warriors L 120 - 134 lost 3 0 - 3
4 Nov 3, 2015 Pelicans vs. Orlando Magic L 94 - 103 lost 4 0 - 4
5 Nov 6, 2015 Pelicans vs. Atlanta Hawks L 115 - 121 lost 5 0 - 5
6 Nov 7, 2015 Pelicans @ Dallas Mavericks L 98 - 107 lost 6 0 - 6
7 Nov 10, 2015 Pelicans vs. Dallas Mavericks W 120 - 105 won 1 1 - 6
8 Nov 11, 2015 Pelicans @ Atlanta Hawks L 98 - 106 lost 1 1 - 7
9 Nov 13, 2015 Pelicans @ Toronto Raptors L 81 - 100 lost 2 1 - 8
10 Nov 15, 2015 Pelicans @ New York Knicks L 87 - 95 lost 3 1 - 9
11 Nov 17, 2015 Pelicans vs. Denver Nuggets L 98 - 115 lost 4 1 - 10
12 Nov 18, 2015 Pelicans @ Oklahoma City Thunder L 103 - 110 lost 5 1 - 11
13 Nov 20, 2015 Pelicans vs. San Antonio Spurs W 104 - 90 won 1 2 - 11
14 Nov 22, 2015 Pelicans vs. Phoenix Suns W 122 - 116 won 2 3 - 11
15 Nov 25, 2015 Pelicans @ Phoenix Suns W 120 - 114 won 3 4 - 11
16 Nov 27, 2015 Pelicans @ Los Angeles Clippers L 90 - 111 lost 1 4 - 12
17 Nov 28, 2015 Pelicans @ Utah Jazz L 87 - 101 lost 2 4 - 13
18 Dec 1, 2015 Pelicans vs. Memphis Grizzlies L 104 - 113 lost 3 4 - 14
19 Dec 2, 2015 Pelicans @ Houston Rockets L 101 - 108 lost 4 4 - 15
20 Dec 4, 2015 Pelicans vs. Cleveland Cavaliers W 114 - 108 OT won 1 5 - 15
21 Dec 7, 2015 Pelicans vs. Boston Celtics L 93 - 111 lost 1 5 - 16
22 Dec 11, 2015 Pelicans vs. Washington Wizards W 107 - 105 won 1 6 - 16
23 Dec 12, 2015 Pelicans @ Chicago Bulls L 94 - 98 lost 1 6 - 17
24 Dec 14, 2015 Pelicans @ Portland Trail Blazers L 101 - 105 lost 2 6 - 18
25 Dec 16, 2015 Pelicans @ Utah Jazz W 104 - 94 won 1 7 - 18
26 Dec 18, 2015 Pelicans @ Phoenix Suns L 88 - 104 lost 1 7 - 19
27 Dec 20, 2015 Pelicans @ Denver Nuggets W 130 - 125 won 1 8 - 19
28 Dec 23, 2015 Pelicans vs. Portland Trail Blazers W 115 - 89 won 2 9 - 19
29 Dec 25, 2015 Pelicans @ Miami Heat L 88 - 94 OT lost 1 9 - 20
30 Dec 26, 2015 Pelicans vs. Houston Rockets W 110 - 108 won 1 10 - 20
31 Dec 28, 2015 Pelicans @ Orlando Magic L 89 - 104 lost 1 10 - 21
32 Dec 31, 2015 Pelicans vs. Los Angeles Clippers L 89 - 95 lost 2 10 - 22
33 Jan 2, 2016 Pelicans @ Dallas Mavericks W 105 - 98 won 1 11 - 22
34 Jan 6, 2016 Pelicans vs. Dallas Mavericks L 91 - 100 lost 1 11 - 23
35 Jan 8, 2016 Pelicans vs. Indiana Pacers L 86 - 91 lost 2 11 - 24
36 Jan 10, 2016 Pelicans @ Los Angeles Clippers L 111 - 114 OT lost 3 11 - 25
37 Jan 12, 2016 Pelicans @ Los Angeles Lakers L 91 - 95 lost 4 11 - 26
38 Jan 13, 2016 Pelicans @ Sacramento Kings W 109 - 97 won 1 12 - 26
39 Jan 15, 2016 Pelicans vs. Charlotte Hornets W 109 - 107 won 2 13 - 26
40 Jan 18, 2016 Pelicans @ Memphis Grizzlies L 99 - 101 lost 1 13 - 27
41 Jan 19, 2016 Pelicans vs. Minnesota Timberwolves W 114 - 99 won 1 14 - 27
42 Jan 21, 2016 Pelicans vs. Detroit Pistons W 115 - 99 won 2 15 - 27
43 Jan 23, 2016 Pelicans vs. Milwaukee Bucks W 116 - 99 won 3 16 - 27
44 Jan 25, 2016 Pelicans vs. Houston Rockets L 111 - 112 lost 1 16 - 28
45 Jan 28, 2016 Pelicans vs. Sacramento Kings W 114 - 105 won 1 17 - 28
46 Jan 30, 2016 Pelicans vs. Brooklyn Nets W 105 - 103 won 2 18 - 28
47 Feb 1, 2016 Pelicans vs. Memphis Grizzlies L 95 - 110 lost 1 18 - 29
48 Feb 3, 2016 Pelicans @ San Antonio Spurs L 97 - 110 lost 2 18 - 30
49 Feb 4, 2016 Pelicans vs. Los Angeles Lakers L 96 - 99 lost 3 18 - 31
50 Feb 6, 2016 Pelicans @ Cleveland Cavaliers L 84 - 99 lost 4 18 - 32
51 Feb 8, 2016 Pelicans @ Minnesota Timberwolves W 116 - 102 won 1 19 - 32
52 Feb 10, 2016 Pelicans vs. Utah Jazz W 100 - 96 won 2 20 - 32
53 Feb 11, 2016 Pelicans @ Oklahoma City Thunder L 95 - 121 lost 1 20 - 33
54 Feb 19, 2016 Pelicans vs. Philadelphia 76ers W 121 - 114 won 1 21 - 33
55 Feb 21, 2016 Pelicans @ Detroit Pistons W 111 - 106 won 2 22 - 33
56 Feb 23, 2016 Pelicans @ Washington Wizards L 89 - 109 lost 1 22 - 34
57 Feb 25, 2016 Pelicans vs. Oklahoma City Thunder W 123 - 119 won 1 23 - 34
58 Feb 27, 2016 Pelicans vs. Minnesota Timberwolves L 110 - 112 lost 1 23 - 35
59 Mar 2, 2016 Pelicans @ Houston Rockets L 95 - 100 lost 2 23 - 36
60 Mar 3, 2016 Pelicans vs. San Antonio Spurs L 86 - 94 lost 3 23 - 37
61 Mar 5, 2016 Pelicans vs. Utah Jazz L 94 - 106 lost 4 23 - 38
62 Mar 7, 2016 Pelicans vs. Sacramento Kings W 115 - 112 won 1 24 - 38
63 Mar 9, 2016 Pelicans @ Charlotte Hornets L 113 - 122 lost 1 24 - 39
64 Mar 11, 2016 Pelicans @ Memphis Grizzlies L 114 - 121 OT lost 2 24 - 40
65 Mar 12, 2016 Pelicans @ Milwaukee Bucks L 92 - 103 lost 3 24 - 41
66 Mar 14, 2016 Pelicans @ Golden State Warriors L 107 - 125 lost 4 24 - 42
67 Mar 16, 2016 Pelicans @ Sacramento Kings W 123 - 108 won 1 25 - 42
68 Mar 18, 2016 Pelicans vs. Portland Trail Blazers L 112 - 117 lost 1 25 - 43
69 Mar 20, 2016 Pelicans vs. Los Angeles Clippers W 109 - 105 won 1 26 - 43
70 Mar 22, 2016 Pelicans vs. Miami Heat L 99 - 113 lost 1 26 - 44
71 Mar 24, 2016 Pelicans @ Indiana Pacers L 84 - 92 lost 2 26 - 45
72 Mar 26, 2016 Pelicans vs. Toronto Raptors L 91 - 115 lost 3 26 - 46
73 Mar 28, 2016 Pelicans vs. New York Knicks W 99 - 91 won 1 27 - 46
74 Mar 30, 2016 Pelicans @ San Antonio Spurs L 92 - 100 lost 1 27 - 47
75 Mar 31, 2016 Pelicans vs. Denver Nuggets W 101 - 95 won 1 28 - 47
76 Apr 3, 2016 Pelicans @ Brooklyn Nets W 106 - 87 won 2 29 - 47
77 Apr 5, 2016 Pelicans @ Philadelphia 76ers L 93 - 107 lost 1 29 - 48
78 Apr 6, 2016 Pelicans @ Boston Celtics L 97 - 104 lost 2 29 - 49
79 Apr 8, 2016 Pelicans vs. Los Angeles Lakers W 110 - 102 won 1 30 - 49
80 Apr 9, 2016 Pelicans vs. Phoenix Suns L 100 - 121 lost 1 30 - 50
81 Apr 11, 2016 Pelicans vs. Chicago Bulls L 116 - 121 lost 2 30 - 51
82 Apr 13, 2016 Pelicans @ Minnesota Timberwolves L 109 - 144 lost 3 30 - 52
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Kristine Pommert Home
Radio and audio production
Work with faith communities
Kristine Pommert Training Career Coaching Audio Production
Kristine Pommert is an award-winning radio documentary maker and journalist, trainer and career coach, with 20 years’ experience at the BBC.
Whether you are an individual, charity, or small company, I can offer you a tailor-made solution that meets your specific needs – from podcasts for your website and training in how to handle radio and TV interviews, to finding ways of tapping into the hidden job market.
I deliver radio programmes and podcasts of the highest quality, first-rate broadcast and media training, and individually tailored career-related
training and career coaching, including for people recovering from cancer.
I also offer research impact training and workshops for researchers preparing impact case studies for the REF2021 via the specialist agency, Bulletin.
Using my media, training and coaching skills, I can help you achieve your personal or corporate goals through high-quality, practical solutions.
Contact me to discuss your needs and find out how I can help you.
News, Autumn 2019:
Radio and podcasts:
We were delighted to be "Highly Commended" at the AIB Awards (Association for International Broadcasting) in November: in the Human Interest category, the judges praised our BBC World Service documentary, After Suicide, for its “reliance on the power of talk”, saying it was “powerful, considered many different perspectives and explored beyond the expected”. A huge thank you to presenter Mark Dowd - whose personal perspective gave the programme extra poignancy - producer Caroline Donne and researcher Saba Zaman.
My radio productions this year have included:
Husbands and Priests, a BBC World Service documentary examining whether we might soon see married priests in the Roman Catholic Church - particularly considering that they exist in pockets of the Catholic fold already.
Witness: Being Black in Nazi Germany, the story of the astonishing Theodor Wonja Michael, who grew up mixed race in 1930s Germany and survived the Nazi terror by appearing as an extra in propaganda films.
Imran Qureshi: Beauty and Carnage. The renowned Pakistani artist in conversation with his friend, French shoe designer Christian Louboutin, for the BBC World Service's arts strand, In the Studio.
Behold the Man: a five-part series of Essays for BBC Radio 3, broadcast during Holy Week 2019. Every day, a different writer tackles a painting at the National Gallery depicting a scene from the last week of Christ's earthly life.
On overview of other productions I have overseen is here.
Impact skills training:
With the deadline for the REF2021 just a year away, I have been very busy with impact skills training for research-active academics. Here's a small selection of the feedback I have received:
"Very good and clear, passionate as well!"
"Excellent knowledge and good at explaining and discussing themes."
"I'm feeling better equipped/more confident to write my impact case study."
(Participants, Advanced Research Impact and Case Study Writing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, November 2019)
"Expert in field. Took control over participants talking and meandering when necessary, in a polite manner."
"Clear, no nonsense, very useful unpacking of each section."
"I really appreciated the bespoke feedback to our individual case studies and clarifying areas that were not necessarily obvious from the guidance."
(Participants, Advanced Research Impact and Case Study Development, Falmouth University, November 2019)
"I want to extend a huge thank you for all your expert input and assistance over the last 12 months. The RAE [Hong Kong equivalent of the REF] has fully extended us... but a really onerous and stressful exercise has been made more manageable through your work with us."
(Prof Louise Cummings, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Department of English)
"Fantastic. Very clear and helpful."
"Engaging and well prepared."
"The critical review of the strengths and weaknesses was very helpful. Ideas on how to collect evidence (retrospectively) are also very useful and welcome."
(Participants, University of Huddersfield, Writing a Strong Impact Case Study, October 2019)
"Very good – Kristine was clear, knowledgeable and helpful."
"Enthusiastic, concise and constructive."
"She knows her stuff!"
(Participants, Research Impact, Evidence Gathering and Writing Your Impact Story, British Geological Survey, Edinburgh, June 2019)
"It was delivered at a very appropriate pace and opened up discussions nicely."
"Clear info and useful advice. Good to see concrete examples of impact case studies."
"Good to seek a sense of what we hoped to get from the session before starting the presentation. Well paced and very informative."
"Kristine was excellent. Knowledgeable, engaging, excellent."
(Participants, Advanced Research Impact and Case Study Development, University of Portsmouth, February 2019)
"Tremendous grasp of the two drafts [discussed during the session]."
"Excellent. Really knowledgeable and made topics accessible."
"Tailored to the writers - it addressed where they were."
(Participants, Advanced Research Impact and Case Study Development, University of Winchester, Department of Law, February 2019)
"Very professional, kept the momentum, provoked comment."
"Clear, enthusiastic, knowledgeable, supportive and encouraging."
"Well informed, very accommodating and willing to take comments/questions."
(Participants, Advanced Research Impact, Case Study Development and Evidence Gathering, Aberystwyth University, January 2019)
Further comments are on the Testimonials page.
Career coaching:
This lovely comment is from a coaching client:
"You picked me up when I was at an all-time low and set me firmly back on track. Thank you for giving me my confidence in myself back. I'm ready to fly now!"
Receiving the Sandford St Martin Trust Award for Interview of the Year 2016. Image by Caroline Field.
© Kristine Pommert Training | Career Coaching | Radio and Audio Production
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This Code of Conduct covers our behaviour as members of the KwaMoja Community, in any forum, mailing list, wiki, web site, IRC channel, public meeting or private correspondence.
Be considerate. Our work will be used by other people, and we in turn will depend on the work of others. Any decision we take will affect users and colleagues, and we should take those consequences into account when making decisions. KwaMoja has many users and contributors. Even if it's not obvious at the time, our contributions to KwaMoja will impact the work of others. For example, changes to code, infrastructure, policy, documentation, and translations during a release may negatively impact others' work.
Be respectful. The KwaMoja community and its members treat one another with respect. Everyone can make a valuable contribution to KwaMoja. We may not always agree, but disagreement is no excuse for poor behaviour and poor manners. We might all experience some frustration now and then, but we cannot allow that frustration to turn into a personal attack. It's important to remember that a community where people feel uncomfortable or threatened is not a productive one. We expect members of the KwaMoja community to be respectful when dealing with other contributors as well as with people outside the KwaMoja project and with users of KwaMoja.
Be collaborative. Collaboration is central to KwaMoja and to the larger free software community. This collaboration involves individuals working with others in teams within KwaMoja. This collaboration reduces redundancy, and improves the quality of our work. Internally and externally, we should always be open to collaboration. Our work should be done transparently and we should involve as many interested parties as early as possible. If we decide to take a different approach than others, we will let them know early, document our work and inform others regularly of our progress.
When we disagree, we consult others. Disagreements, both social and technical, happen all the time and the KwaMoja community is no exception. It is important that we resolve disagreements and differing views constructively and with the help of the community and community processes. We have the Technical Board, the Community Council, and a series of other governance bodies which help to decide the right course for KwaMoja. There are also several Project Teams and Team Leaders, who may be able to help us figure out the best direction for KwaMoja. When our goals differ dramatically, we encourage the creation of alternative sets of packages, or derivative distributions, using the KwaMoja Package Management framework, so that the community can test new ideas and contribute to the discussion.
When we are unsure, we ask for help. Nobody knows everything, and nobody is expected to be perfect in the KwaMoja community. Asking questions avoids many problems down the road, and so questions are encouraged. Those who are asked questions should be responsive and helpful. However, when asking a question, care must be taken to do so in an appropriate forum.
Step down considerately. Members of every project come and go and KwaMoja is no different. When somebody leaves or disengages from the project, in whole or in part, we ask that they do so in a way that minimises disruption to the project. This means they should tell people they are leaving and take the proper steps to ensure that others can pick up where they left off.
We pride ourselves on building a productive, happy and agile community that can welcome new ideas in a complex field, and foster collaboration between groups with very different needs, interests and goals. We hold our leaders to an even higher standard, in the Leadership Code of Conduct, and arrange the governance of the community to ensure that issues can be raised with leaders who are engaged, interested and competent to help resolve them.
Mailing lists and web forums
Mailing lists and web forums are an important part of the KwaMoja community platform. This code of conduct applies to your behaviour in those forums too. Please follow these guidelines in addition to the general code of conduct:
Please use a valid email address to which direct responses can be made.
Please avoid flamewars, trolling, personal attacks, and repetitive arguments.
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Former Lancashire teacher among anti fracking protestors convicted after trial
The campaigners at Preston Magistrates' Court
Stef Hall
Three generations of the same family - including a 73-year-old pensioner - have been found guilty of wilfully obstructing a highway following a protest against a controversial fracking site at Preston New Road, near Blackpool.
Former Fylde teacher Gillian Kelly, 73, of Dilly Garth, Ambleside, Cumbria, had denied the offence at Little Plumpton along with her son Sebastian Kelly, 48, of the same address, and granddaughter Megan Kelly, 20, of The Meadows, Yealand Redmayne, Carnforth.
Also convicted were Paul Martyn, 61, of Dilly Garth, Ambleside, Cumbria,, Molly Hopkinshaw, 27, of Court Hill, Hardwick, Reading, Beatrice Patrick, 27, of Queen Elizabeths Walk, Hackney, London, and and Toby Fairlove, 55, of Venton House, Darlington, Devon.
The defendants carried out a “lock-on” protest action at Preston New Road fracking site near Blackpool in Lancashire in July 2017 under the banner of Families Against Fracking.
The protestors locked their arms into reinforced box-mounted tubes to block access to the site.
They argue they were raising awareness of the dangers of fracking to water, land, health and the climate.
The action was part of the ‘Rolling Resistance’, a month of action at the Lancashire fracking site coordinated by pressure group Reclaim the Power.
All the defendants were given a six month conditional discharge and must pay a £30 victim surcharge.
All except Megan Kelly must pay £250 costs.
In her ruling, district judge Jane Goodwin noted the group's "deep integrity" and "strong moral compass".
The trial follows more than 300 arrests at the Cuadrilla site last year as people protest against the project, which was rejected for planning permission by the local County Council – only for it to be overturned by the Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government Sajid Javid.
Afterwards Gillian, who has lived in Pilling and Knott End, and taught at Layton Convent School in Blackpool, said: “Today’s ruling went against us but we feel proud of our actions and on the right side of history. We hope we may have inspired others to take a stand against fracking in whichever way they can.”
Sebastian Kelly added: “Public opinion is increasingly set against fracking and more and more people are becoming inspired to join the campaign against it.
"Our action taught me that we really can change things, and I believe that we really can stop fracking in its tracks.”
Granddaughter Megan Kelly, 20: “I felt apprehensive taking the action we did - but a little anxiety is nothing compared to the disastrous climate change that fracking and other fossil fuel use threatens.”
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The EU Cannot Remain Silent About the Putinization of Hungary Any Longer
September 08, 2014 • by Hungarian Civil Liberties Union
The Hungarian Civil Liberties Union (HCLU) condemns today’s police raids against Hungarian NGOs as politically motivated actions that elevate the illiberal Orban government’s attack against civil society to a new, unprecedented level.
On the morning of September 8, dozens of policemen from the National Bureau of Investigation (NNI) raided the offices of Ökotárs and DemNet, two NGOs responsible for the distribution of Norway NGO Grants in Hungary. These NGOs have been under attack for several months now because of accusations fabricated by the Orban government, which claimed that the Norway NGO Grant is mismanaged and linked to opposition parties (read our previous article here). What really worries the government, behind the official propaganda, is that the Norway NGO Grant supports NGOs to strengthen democracy.
Excessive and unwarranted policing
The police are accusing the NGOs of “fraudulent misuse of funds,” which reminds us of current attacks against civil society in countries like Russia and Azerbaijan, where autocratic governments use these accusations to neutralize independent NGOs that receive funds from international donors.
Earlier this year, the Government Control Office (KEHI) was commissioned to carry out investigations against NGOs in receipt of funds from the Norway NGO Grant. This investigation has been unsuccessful in providing any evidence so far that necessitates the use of this magnitude of police force; the aim is clearly to intimidate civil society and silence critical voices.
HCLU sues Government Control Office
The HCLU has sent a freedom of information request to the Government Control Office to find out who commissioned it to carry out the investigations. The agency denied access to public data, so the HCLU is now suing it for violating the constitutional right to freedom of information.
In July, Prime Minister Orban made a speech in which he said Hungary is aiming to become an illiberal state. The EU Commission declined comment on his words. Today’s actions prove again that the Orban government is challenging the core values and fundamental principles of the European Union. The HCLU agrees with Vidar Helgesen, the EU minister of Norway, who said, “When the Hungarian government is challenging these values it challenges the EU itself.”
Peter Sarosi
Update: During the afternoon of September 8, Hungarian police forces raided the homes of some Ökotárs employees, according to the latest reports.
NGO Fund
Norway Grants
HCLU
Hungarian Anti-Civil Society Law Takes a Blow in Luxembourg
January 15, 2020 • by Gábor Medvegy, Hungarian Civil Liberties Union
The Hungarian act requiring a part of civil society organizations to register as "foreign funded organizations" violates EU law, said the Advocate General competent in the matter at the Court of Justice of the European Union.
Hungarian Government to Ban MPs from Entering Institutions
November 21, 2019 • by Gábor Medvegy, Hungarian Civil Liberties Union
A pro-government legal proposal in Hungary, if passed, would seriously jeopardise MPs' rights. The amendment allows MPs to be banned from entering the Parliament building and other institutions for as long as two months.
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Brighten Lego Ghostbusters Ecto-1 21108
Every horror movie fan would know or heard the name of Ghostbusters and would also know about the iconic vehicle used in the movie. The popularity of the movie among both children and adult, made LEGO launch a miniature version of the iconic vehicle. The set belongs to the LEGO Idea series, which would bring back fond memories of the 80s.
The theme of the LEGO set
The main theme of this LEGO set is pretty much similar to the original movie. In the movie, the four-man team would ride this iconic vehicle to destroy the ghosts who are bothering the general masses. Addition of the light kit for LEGO Ghostbusters Ecto-1 21108 would blow life into the model of the car. The LEGO set has four miniature figure of the famous team, making the final model similar to the movie set.
Lighting kit features
Though the model would look marvelous during the day, at night it would appear dull and boring. Therefore, LEGO lovers install a light kit for LEGO Ghostbusters Ecto-1 21108 for transforming the look of the car model. The lighting kit would have 18 individual light to transform the model into a realistic Ghostbusters machine. The user won’t need any additional skills to install or customize the lighting set. Users would just have to follow the instruction manual to complete the installation process.
The unique design of the light kit for LEGO Ghostbusters Ecto-1 21108 would enable the user to link up with other brands of lighting kits. This lighting kit would include two expansion boards, connecting cables, USB power cable, white lights, and an oval battery pack. All LED lights are small enough such that they could be placed underneath the LEGO bricks.
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'Wreaths Across America' event debuting Dec. 14 in Fowlerville
For the first time, Fowlerville's Greenwood Cemetery hosts a "Wreaths Across America" event on Dec. 14.
'Wreaths Across America' event debuting Dec. 14 in Fowlerville For the first time, Fowlerville's Greenwood Cemetery hosts a "Wreaths Across America" event on Dec. 14. Check out this story on livingstondaily.com: https://www.livingstondaily.com/story/news/local/community/livingston-county/2019/12/06/wreaths-across-america-fowlerville/2623874001/
Sean Bradley, Livingston Daily Published 7:00 a.m. ET Dec. 6, 2019 | Updated 1:50 p.m. ET Dec. 6, 2019
Military veterans will be honored during the "Wreaths Across America" event on Dec. 14 at cemeteries in Pinckney and Fowlerville.
The event, which takes place at noon across the country, involves volunteers placing wreaths on graves of military veterans.
Pinckney's Historical Cemetery and St. Mary's Cemetery are participating this year.
Additionally, Fowlerville's Greenwood Cemeterywill also participate in the event but will not place wreaths.
The event in Fowlerville will include an honor guard, flag ceremony and tributes, according to a news release from organizer Mary Helfmann.
No injuries reported in fire that destroyed Unadilla Township home
New location breathes new life into Brighton Yoga Center
Contact Livingston Daily reporter Sean Bradley at 517-552-2860 or at spbradley@livingstondaily.com. Follow him on Twitter @SbradleyLD.
Read or Share this story: https://www.livingstondaily.com/story/news/local/community/livingston-county/2019/12/06/wreaths-across-america-fowlerville/2623874001/
Theresa Brennan sentenced to 6 months in jail
Police: Man accidentally shot himself at elementary school
Police searching for vandals of Brighton amphitheater
More snow could fall than first expected
U.S. Senate candidate John James coming to Brighton Feb. 5
Several communities declare snow emergencies
© 2020 www.livingstondaily.com. All rights reserved.
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Whip along in a Twizy
Twizy: £6,690, top speed 50mph, range 60 miles
WhipCar, the company that arranges for you to rent your neighbour’s car (or vice versa) now has the crazy Renault Twizy electric vehicle on its books.
Owners in London and Glasgow have put their newly purchased Twizys (Twizies?) on WhipCar.com, allowing their neighbours to drive one for as little as £36 per day.
Vinay Gupta, co-founder of WhipCar says: “Many of our car owners are interested in hybrid and all-electric vehicles and have been asking us whether they can list such cars on the site. We’re delighted to now be able to accept certain all-electric models and help car owners embrace new technologies while offsetting the cost of ownership.”
Filippo Adamo from London, comments: “I bought my new Renault Twizy specifically to rent out. I’ve used WhipCar in the past and the experience has always been a very positive one. The Twizy is a really easy drive and does about 60 miles on a single charge. I’ve had a great deal of interest already from neighbours wanting to take it out for a quick spin.”
WhipCar has close to 19,000 cars on its books around the UK. Renault is launching a Twizy car-sharing programme in France from September.
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Welcome to Lore Publication, a website dedicated to the publication of short stories. We, at Lore Publication, would like to take this opportunity to invite you to join us on our quest for inspiring, thought provoking fiction. This article will give you the who, what, where, why and how behind the publication as well as how you can help support us!
What is Lore Publication?
We are a new, online based publication that is focused on bringing you short stories and flash fictions based around science fiction, fantasy and horror. Currently, Lore Publication is owned and managed by Stewart Storrar; a writer and filmmaker from the Clyde Valley in Scotland. With a drive for writing and a passion to bring people stories that stay with them for a lifetime, Lore Publication is his first literacy publication.
How does Lore Publication Function?
Lore Publication aims bring out new stories on a monthly basis from our best storytellers. We aim to bring the world a selection of unique, varied fiction from a diverse pool of content writers. As we are a newer publication, we are currently accepting submissions (more on that below) but are still building our established network of reoccurring Lore authors.
In terms of submissions, Lore Publication is looking for fiction that falls into two main categories: flash fiction (stories under 250-999 words) and short stories (stories between 1000 & 3000 words).
In terms of content style, Lore Publication is looking for fiction that falls into five main genres: science fiction, fantasy, horror, thriller and mystery. Currently, Lore Publication is looking for standalone works of fiction that fall under these specifications, as serial works of fiction will be something our yet to be built network of dedicated Lore authors will work on.
In terms of payment, Lore Publication will run occasional publication contests in which a prize can be won and we are advocates of paying authors for their work. With this in mind, we cannot outright pay authors for their works just yet. Outright payments become difficult for a new publication, so commission based works for Lore are rare. What is more likely the case (if you become a regular Lore Fiction author) will be revenue splits from the work you submit to us. More of that should you submit work to us!
Integrity is a big part of what we do here at Lore Publication, all we want is to bring people stories that will stay with them for a lifetime, as well as make sure our authors are fairly treated! (more on that below)
Why Did Lore Start?
Lore Publication started due to the founder’s disheartening experience with the current self-publishing swamp of Amazon KDP. Lore’s founder wanted a place to share his own work and the work of other creatives in the same situation as him. As a result, Lore was born. Being run and managed by Stewart, Lore aims to build a brand of trust and integrity in the writing and publishing world, with one main goal in mind.
We want to bring insightful media to insightful minds. Here at Lore Publication, that means bringing people stories that inspire, motivate, shock, move and themes that make people think.
Who Founded Lore?
Lore Publication was founded by Stewart Storrar, a filmmaker and writer from the Clyde Valley in Scotland. Below is a short profile of Stewart.
Stewart Storrar
Stewart Storrar is a young, driven creative from Scotland who has qualified with a BA (Hons) in Media and Communications from Glasgow Caledonian University. Stewart started off his media career on YouTube at the young age of 13, growing his two YouTube channels to accumulate over 3 million views and 6,500 subscribers in total. Having moved into a professional education within the media industry, he is now the main Writer and Producer of multiple, low budget short films and has worked with various low budget productions in a variety of different roles. In terms of writing, Stewart published two short stories on Amazon KDP during his high school career that amassed over 2,000 downloads. The more popular of the two titled ‘Home’ hit the #1 spot in the Amazon Kindle Short Reads, 30 minute category for Literature & Fiction during its initial release. Aside from this, in his high school career he was also an Editor on a popular video games Facebook page with over 90,000 followers. Currently he runs Lore Publication and writes on a part time basis for Student Pages Magazine as a Freelance Journalist.
Where is Lore Based?
Lore Publication was founded in Glasgow, Scotland. With Lore’s main presence remaining online via Blogger and social media, it has a limited physical presence in the real world but does have ties to both countries.
This does not however restrict (in any way, shape or form) who can submit work to Lore Publication. We welcome submissions from any corner of the globe, from any writer young or old. We do not discriminate against writers in any form.
Primarily, Lore finds its home on Blogger. When starting out to get Lore Publication off the ground, Stewart considered the many possible ways he could create his vision and dream of his own publication. In its initial start up days in 2018, Lore found it's first home on the website known as Medium but has now found it's home here on Blogger.
Now that Lore has been introduced, if you want to help us, there are a number of ways in which to do so. Supporting our work (is and always will be) the number one way in which you can help Lore and its writers. This can include sharing, following Lore on social media and following our writers on their own socials to support their work.
Most importantly, you can help us out by letting us know if you liked or disliked a particular story in the comment section. In this type of venture, opinions help our writers develop and feedback is worth its weight it gold!
Twitter: for our latest updates, writing prompts and more.
Facebook: find our Facebook page and stay up to date on there.
Pinterest: for all our stories collected in neat Pins.
Instagram: for writing prompts, new releases, poetry and more!
We here at Lore would like to thank you for taking the time to check us out. Be sure to stay updated on our new releases! If you are interested in getting your work featured, be sure to contact us via our email or socials!
Poetry Mondays: 'A Disturbance in the Next' by Jos...
Poetry Mondays: 'Venom's Love' A Poem by Stewart S...
Poetry Mondays: 'To You From Me' A Poem by Sukanya...
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Peerless-AV opens Netherlands warehouse
The Netherlands - AV solutions manufacturer Peerless-AV has announced the opening of a new warehouse in Weert.
This is the latest step in the company’s European expansion and Brexit strategy. Located on the Netherlands and Belgium border, Weert is strategically positioned with sea and land transport links.
“The opening of our new warehouse in Weert means we can continue to exceed customer service levels with reduced delivery times and increased flexibility to fulfil the continued growth and demand we are seeing for our products in Europe,” comments Keith Dutch, managing director for EMEA at Peerless-AV. “There will be no change to the operation of our UK warehouse. We’re pleased to say that both the warehouse in UK and Jebel Ali Freezone in Dubai have been stocked heavily this year owing to ongoing growth across EMEA generally.”
(Jim Evans)
ArcM monitors enhance Void Arcline range
UK - Void Acoustics has added two additions to its touring audio catalogue in ArcM 12 and ArcM 15, part of the Arcline series.
ArcM 12 is a lightweight, versatile monitor, with multiple working angles, allowing use as either a near field booth monitor or conventional stage wedge. The aesthetically-pleasing low profile design creates cleaner stage lines and a more visually appealing view for the audience. In addition, pole mounting or wall mounting is possible for front-of-house purposes.
Acoustically, FEA analysis has significantly reduced port noise and air distortion, says Void. The 12” ArcM 12 is unpowered, allowing it to integrate with touring operators’ existing infrastructure. With a frequency response of 60Hz - 18kHz ± 3dB, the maximum continuous output is 130dB, reaching 133dB peak output.
In terms of mobility, measures have been taken to reduce weight, while maintaining an ergonomic design to appease manual handling requirements. Weighing just 19kg (41.9 lbs), this small, reliable monitor is ideal for touring and easily be moved using the comfortable, robust handles, making light work of truck packing after dismantling a stage.
The slightly larger 15” ArcM 15 similarly offers simple integration and all the benefits of the ArcM 12, weighing 22.5kg (49.6 lbs). Frequency response spans from 50 Hz - 18kHz ± 3dB, with a maximum continuous output of 130 dB and a peak output of 134 dB.
Martin Audio brings BluesFest to life
UK - When John Legend and his 11-piece band performed at this year’s BluesFest for his only UK show of 2019, it was through a Martin Audio MLA loudspeaker array provided by Capital Sound at the O2 Arena.
Introduced to the event by production manager Neil McDonald in 2017, Capital’s crew won plaudits both from Legend’s own production manager, Chris Stinebrink, and FOH engineer, Paul Klimson (Theory One Productions).
“The MLA system caught my attention from the instant [system tech] Ben Turnbull started the tuning,” he explains. “Both he and [FOH tech] Dave Preston made me feel right at home, and even before Ben dug into the tuning, I noticed that the MLA rig was forward sounding. It didn’t sound like we were in the O2 but at an outdoor festival and I could only surmise that all the energy was coming out of the front of the array with very little spill off the back.
“When Ben was done with the tuning, there was nothing left for me to comment on. I actually peeled off a bunch of processing and EQing I had done on my file from past shows. It felt like a clean slate. The low-end down front was not oppressive but still translated well in the back and upper bowl. There was great transition from mains to side hangs and up to the top seats.”
Consequently, he said, mixing that night had been “a dream”. Of MLA he says: “It was a very forgiving box that I could lean into without any surprises. Our monitor engineer Jon Ostrin said it was a great show from the stage as well. He mentioned the energy coming back was perfect to connect
RCF reinforces Electro Magnetic festival
Germany - At the eighth Electro Magnetic open air festival , almost 60 DJs and live-acts performed on different floors in the UNESCO World Heritage Völklinger Ironworks, a large industrial compound, developed at the end of the 19th century. In 2019 and for the first time the Electro Magnetic Festival celebrated two nights at Völklinger Ironworks.
RCF audio-systems were used on all floors. German event company Triacs was responsible for the technical implementation of the main floor and implemented a RCF HDL 50-A system.
Triacs used several RCF modules on the main floor. Two 10 HDL 50-A line array modules (hanging) together with 16 SUB 9007 (Sub Arc Cardioid) were in place as the main PA. Additionally eight HDL 30-A were used as near-fill. Four TT 1-A covered the VIP zone. TT 052-A modules in combination with In-Ear acted as the monitoring for the control rooms (light, laser, video).
Further companies, involved in the festival included Laserfabrik (lasers), FOG (SFX), Provisuell (video) and Gebrüder Rende Gerüstbau (rigging), Lux and Fabula, Senad Deumic & Jan Eiserloh (planning) and Gerdon Design (lighting design).
JBL 7 Series monitors Styx on tour
USA - Chris Hoff, FOH engineer for rock band Styx, relies on JBL 7 Series Master Reference Monitors to help him dial in studio-quality sound during live performances.
Styx released The Mission, their 16th studio album and first original release in over 10 years in 2017. When the band began touring to support the new record, they enlisted the help Chris Hoff. In order to deliver consistent sound in a wide range of venues, including some with less-than-desirable mix positions, Hoff relies on JBL 7 Series Monitors to make sure his live mixes stack up to Styx’s studio recordings.
“We multi-track every show and I needed a way to compare the live mix I’m doing to the albums,” says Hoff. “The only way to really replicate what's going to be coming out of a PA is to have reference monitors in front of you. It makes it easier for me to bounce back and forth between the album and my multi-tracks to try to match up effects, balances and panning.
“The 7 Series monitors give me a great reference to what I'm actually sending to the PA. When I'm in a really bad mix position, I'm basically mixing off of these and trusting that what I’m feeding to the speakers is translating to the audience.”
Before each show, Hoff uses the previous night’s multi-track recording to tune the PA system. JBL 7 Series monitors provide him with the clear, detailed sound he needs to accurately identify and react to the subtle acoustical challenges of each venue - and according to the fans, Styx has never sounded better.
“One of the blessings, and pos
Alan Parsons Live Project tours with Alcons
Europe - Alan Parsons is probably one of the most demanding artists. In the late '60s / early' 70s, he worked as a sound engineer on milestones in music history, including the Beatles albums Abbey Road and Let it be, as well as on Pink Floyd's Atom Heart Mother and Dark Side of the Moon. As a musician he experienced in the 80's the highlight of his career with his Alan Parsons Project. At that time, however, he barely performed live, as the technology at that time was unable to reproduce the sound of his songs as he had produced them in the studio.
Meanwhile, professional audio technology has caught up, and so dared Alan Parsons to tour again with his recent album The Secret. PM Blue from Hamburg was responsible for the eight-day tour of the musician through Germany. The lighting concept was realised in cooperation with AVM from Schwanewede.
As to be expected, the requirements for the sound engineering in this case were particularly high, as Timo Hille, junior project manager and audio specialist at PM Blue confirms: "Since Alan Parsons was and still is very successful as a producer and recording engineer, his requirements with regards to the sound quality are particularly high. In addition, musically there’s a lot going on with Alan and his seven-member band; The complex arrangements of the songs, in which many instruments overlap, especially in the low-mid range between 120Hz and 800Hz, demand a good mix on one hand, but also a really high-resolution sound system on the other hand."
Pro-ribbon systems from Alco
Guns N’ Roses rock with Clair in Jakarta
Indonesia - Guns N’ Roses, continue on their Not in This Lifetime tour – the third highest grossing tour of all time. The 48,000 fans at their GBK Stadium show in Jakarta were treated to a set of new and classic songs from the band’s extensive library.
The crowd was also treated to the clarity of the Clair Brothers i218 speaker system, which was the first choice for sound reinforcement and also happens to be the largest format system available in Indonesia.
Clair Brothers’ audio consultant in the region, Wayne Grosser reports: “The i218 system has been the first choice for touring artists in the GBK Stadium - it’s been a great success for many of the local promotors and production companies. I would particularly like to thank Indonesian production company and Clair Brothers rental partner, Total Audio, and its sound director, Sadat Effendy, along with his team for supplying all the gear well ahead of this scheduled show.”
Several Clair Brothers products were used exclusively for the entire main FOH system. In tandem with the four main hangs with 16 i218-Ms in each, there were 36 iS218-M ground subs, 12 i212-M front fills, plus four delay towers with eight i212-Ms in each tower. All amplifiers were Clair Brothers CB-PLM20K amps. The touring FOH console used was the Yamaha Ravage PM10.
Grosser continues: “FOH engineer Caram Costanzo produced an amazing mix that sounded great throughout the whole stadium. The system engineer for the tour, Josh De Long of Clair Global, and I worked together to ensure we had even sound cover
RCF re-organises LATAM distribution
Columbia - RCF has appointed the newly-created RCF LATAM as its distributor for Central America, Colombia and the Caribbean.
The company has strong roots in the professional audio industry, boasting more than 20 years’ experience.
Although RCF LATAM’s main office is located in Miami, collaboration with new commercial partners in Colombia will now ensure full availability of inventory.
RCF LATAM director, Jose M. Gonzalez, comments: “Our company is fully committed to the distribution and positioning of RCF as a leading brand within the designated markets. The owners of RCF LATAM have successfully distributed the RCF brand for several years, and their aim is to develop the brand in the weakest markets and support its presence generally in Latin America.”
RCF export sales manager, Luca Agazzi adds: “We wanted a new company focused 100% on RCF, that comprised experienced audio industry professionals.”
He confirmed the enduring relationship with RCF LATAM’s Frank Peruyera (via Tropical Music and All Music) and Jannios Jiminez (via Italian based Art Music Group). Jose Manuel Gonzalez has also been in the business for many years, he said, representing both RCF (during his time at All Music) and other premium audio brands.
“This move makes the business neater and more systematic,” continues Agazzi. “Colombia has always been influenced by trade coming from the US, so gathering the business in one company will ensure improved control and stability in the area.”
The new company marked its debut at InfoComm Colom
Adlib in-the-round with Russell Howard
UK - Adlib supplied a full production package incorporating lighting, video, sound and rigging for the recent UK leg of comedian Russell Howard’s Respite stand-up tour, performed in-the-round.
The Liverpool UK-based production and rental specialist had previously presented Howard performing in the same format in 2017. Neil McDonald from Clockwork Productions oversaw production and brought Adlib on board, having worked together on many previous projects.
Kumar Kamalagharan was again Howard’s tour manager working closely with on-the-road production manager Andy Grey from Clockwork Productions.
The lighting was designed by Adlib’s Tom Webber, while the kit and logistics were coordinated by Dave Eldridge.
The technical infrastructure included a circular stage that was located centrally in the venue with four trusses just off the stage to fly the LED screens and lighting, plus a hexagonal truss immediately above the stage for all the overhead lighting positions
The four screens around the stage were framed with vertical drop-down trusses each rigged with Martin MAC Auras to light the audience.
Four Robe BMFL FollowSpots were also deployed on these drop-down trusses, operated via a single RoboSpot remote system. Replacing traditional follow spots (located in the usual venue towers and cut outs) brought obvious sightline and labour benefits.
The moving lights were 56 MAC Aura LED washes and 12 MAC Viper Profiles, complemented by 16 Chauvet STRIKE4 LED blinders together with 12 Elation DTW BAR 1000s which were used as footli
Superfly and Newton tour with Will Young
UK - Will Young’s new show An Evening with Will Young visited 21 cities around the UK throughout October, with a complete audio infrastructure provided by London-based Capital Sound Hire.
Young released his seventh studio album Lexicon in June of this year, the latest milestone in a career which started with his win in the inaugural series of Pop Idol in 2002. Since then he has won two Brit Awards and achieved global sales in excess of eight million albums, several of which have achieved multi-platinum status in the process. Young is also an author and actor, having appeared in film, in television and on stage.
Shortly after the final date Martin Connolly, senior project manager at Capital remarks: “The Will Young tour has just completed and the Superfly system we supplied was faultless throughout. Will Young proved he is a consummate performer with a show that was uplifting, humorous and exciting with a great punchy band; the entire show looked and sounded wonderful.”
Capital deployed part of their Outline inventory for the tour, consisting of 24 x Outline Superfly 210 line array cabinets, 12 Outline GTO-Subs and six Outline LIPF-082 2-way stage lip-fills. The entire system was powered by Powersoft X8 amps whilst system control was managed by a single Outline Newton FPGA processor.
Their Systems Engineer for the project was Dan Fathers who comments: “The Superfly I found to be a powerful line array for the size of the box, with great clarity and throw in the high end. With a lot of these venues I could also fly th
Lawo in the mix for Suzhou Folk Orchestra
China - Solid German engineering and innovative IP technology are behind the Suzhou Municipal Government’s selection of a Lawo mc²36 mixing desk and three Compact I/O stageboxes for the Suzhou Folk Orchestra’s new concert hall.
The Lawo systems were installed by Chinese partner SWS, who acted as the main contractor for the new facility in Suzhou, close to Shanghai, handling the system integration and infrastructure design.
The choice of the Lawo systems alongside d&b audiotechnik loudspeakers and amplifiers gives the installation a strong German sound, as well as an assurance of quality. It is also the first installation of a Lawo mc²36 audio mixing console in a concert hall in China. The 40-fader, 192-crosspoint and 192-DSP-channel console with three Lawo Compact I/O stageboxes is accompanied by Waves SoundGrid integration.
Lawo has established a very strong reputation among Chinese theatres, beginning in 2006 with systems installed in the National Grand Theatre (China National Centre for Performing Arts), followed later by the Dongguan Theatre, Wuhan Qintai Theatre and several others.
“It is an honour for us to join the Lawo customer theatre community,” commented one of the Suzhou Orchestra concert hall sound engineers.
RCF gets naming rights for ourdoor arena
Italy - RCF has been announced as the main sponsor of a 100,000-seat outdoor venue - the RCF Arena.
The arena, stated to open on 12 September 2020, will be the largest in Italy once completed. It is being built in an area called Campovolo, just outside the manufacturer’s hometown of Reggio Emilia, and will feature a permanent installation of RCF’s TT + audio system plus 10 delay towers.
Arturo Vicari, CEO of RCF Group, comments: “RCF was born in 1949 in Reggio Emilia. From here we brought the excellence of Italian sound throughout the globe and today we are among the major players in the market.
“Giving our name to RCF Arena is a source of pride for us, but also a mission and a commitment. We have a strong bond with this region, and we intend to treat it in the best possible way. With this wonderful project, we will bring our innovation and technology to our back yard, in Reggio Emilia.”
"RCF audio systems have amplified the music of national and international artists in every corner of the globe, and in some wonderful arenas," continues Vicari. "The RCF sound is based on the expertise and reliability of a company made up of people and passion. We have just turned 70 and we still want to play.”
RCF Arena, designed by a project team featuring Iotti + Pavarani Architetti, Arch.Guido Tassoni and Lauro Sachetti Associati, will allow for a capacity of 10,000 to 100,000 people. A raked audience floor will be created to ensure optimal visibility and acoustics, whilst the stage will be placed in the lower part of the arena in a cen
Tony Andrews receives Honorary Fellowship
UK - Funktion-One founder Tony Andrews has been recognised by Wrexham Glyndŵr University for his work in professional audio.
Andrews was presented with an Honorary Fellowship in a ceremony that also saw graduates being awarded their degrees in Art and Design, Media and Communications Technology, Humanities and Computing.
The university confers Honorary Fellowships upon people in recognition of their significant commitment to the university and the wider community and is the highest honour that the university can bestow.
In his acceptance speech, Andrews said: “I consider myself fortunate that I have been able to make a living pursuing what intrigues and stimulates me. This is a driving force that, much to my amazement, has persisted for over 50 years now.
“Amongst the qualities essential for progress and achievement are application and perseverance, which today’s graduating students have amply demonstrated by successfully completing their studies.
“Keep in mind that there is great soul expression in going after the things you are passionate about. Most of the interesting stuff in life happens at frontiers and boundaries, and the status quo is merely a temporary condition on the way to truth - thank you very much.”
Colin Heron, Faculty of Arts, Science and Technology associate dean for student engagement, said: “Our Honorary Fellowships are for people who have made a significant difference in a particular field, and Tony’s work in sound system design and development very much matches that description. Fellows are a
Bose DesignMax series now shipping
Europe - Bose Professional’s DesignMax family of loudspeakers has started shipping in Europe and will be available in the US later in November. DesignMax delivers the critical performance needed while providing the flexibility and style to blend into any commercial space, says the company.
Consisting of 10 loudspeakers and two subwoofers - including ceiling- and surface-mounted options available in either black or white - system designers can tailor DesignMax to fit applications of any size.
DesignMax loudspeakers are available in a wide range of sizes, from 2” low-profile models to 8” woofer models with a coaxially-mounted compression driver. Select models leverage the Bose Dispersion Alignment system to provide wide and consistent off-axis response - so everyone experiences premium sound throughout the space.
When DesignMax is paired with select Bose DSPs and smart amplifiers, even greater performance levels can be reached. Bose EQ voicings enable increased sound quality and clarity while SmartBass processing delivers enhanced sound at any listening level.
All models include Euroblock connectors, with ceiling-mounted models including plenum-rated backcans, tile-bridges, and front-access audio wiring making installation and troubleshooting easier.
Martin Audio powers four stages at Riot Fest
USA - Marking the popular event’s 15th anniversary, this year’s Riot Fest was successfully reinforced by Technotrix with Martin Audio MLA, WPL and WPC line arrays on four stages in Chicago’s Douglas Park.
With a variety of high-powered artists ranging from Slayer, Anthrax, The Flaming Lips, Violent Femmes and Bikini Kill to The Raconteurs, Patti Smith, Wu Tang Clan and the Village People, Riot Fest offered some particular challenges in terms of controlled coverage on site and noise mitigation off site.
As Technotrix Audio lead, Brent Bernhardt, points out, “As always, there’s a commitment to keeping off site noise to an absolute minimum. We’re still avoiding the same two hospitals behind and alongside Stages 1 and 2, along with neighbourhoods around the festival.”
Asked about using Martin Audio’s Wavefront Precision Longbow (WPL) system for the first time, Brent responds, “It was very impressive to have virtually the same amount of control we get from an MLA rig with only slightly less resolution. WPL was very good and the tonality wasn’t lacking either, while the onsite coverage was uniform and consistent as well.
“On site coverage for Stages 1 and 2 is always a challenge as they fire into the rear of 4 and 5,” Brent continues, “especially this year because of gusty wind conditions on the first day of the festival. We’ve never used delays with MLA because it throws further than any other PA, even under adverse weather conditions.
“WPL was able to provide exceptional sound quality and tonal characteristics
Backstage Academy partners with KV2 Audio
UK - Live event production educational facility Backstage Academy has signed a new partnership agreement with professional loudspeaker manufacturer KV2 Audio.
KV2 Audio, whose R&D and manufacturing base is in the Czech Republic, has worked informally with the academic institution, based at Production Park in Wakefield, for the past two years, providing equipment for student-led events on an ad hoc basis and presenting seminars.
“These seminars are always well received,” says Tom Weldon, who is in charge of UK sales. “We have an exclusively point source approach to loudspeaker design and are proud to be able to present this approach to the technicians of the future. We strongly believe this is the best way to reproduce the original source, and in a market that is dominated by alternative designs it’s important that students are exposed to all options. We try not to blind people with the technology side, but instead encourage them to really use their ears and from that starting point, it’s surprising how quickly they begin to understand our philosophy and approach.”
In their engagement with the Academy, KV2 has provided a ‘tool kit’ of products, enabling students to create a six-way monitor mix via the passive ESM26 and ESM12 alongside a portable plug and play FOH system with the active EX series, offering complete reconfigurability that can be set-up by individual students quickly and easily.
In sharing close geographical proximity to Wakefield - KV2’s UK headquarters are in Harrogate - the other benefit of partnering wit
PSAV acquires eclipse
UAE - PSAV has announced the acquisition of eclipse, the AV and live event production and venue company operating in Dubai, Abu Dhabi and Riyadh. The terms of the transaction have not been disclosed.
Eclipse, founded in 2003 by Mark Brown, is now a wholly-owned subsidiary of PSAV and will continue to operate under the eclipse brand name. eclipse CEO Simon Ransom and his senior team will remain in place and continue to execute on their growth plans, now in partnership with PSAV. Ransom will assume leadership of PSAV UAE operations, and work with Nik Rudge, PSAV’s managing director, international, and his team.
“Eclipse is an exciting addition to the PSAV group of companies due to its extensive in-house venues and event production expertise, and strong alignment to our purpose and mission,” comments Rudge. “I am delighted about what this means for PSAV, and more importantly our customers, as we continue to focus on more ways to create amazing event experiences in locations throughout the GCC.”
“The entire eclipse family is eager to be joining forces with PSAV and establishing more impactful ways of serving our collective customer base,” said Ransom.
Industry marks steady growth - PLASA research
UK - The market value of the UK entertainment technology industry has grown by an estimated 5% in the past 12 months, according to PLASA research.
This puts the industry’s value at £1.36bn in 2018/19, up from £1.30bn in 2017/18. The sectors with the largest growth include architecture, broadcast and corporate events, which are valued at £250m, £220m and £160m respectively.
Only a third of the businesses surveyed expect the industry to grow in 2019/20 however, the main concern being how and when the UK will exit the European Union.
The full report, which follows on from PLASA’s comprehensive industry research released in 2018, details sector by sector performance, investment in marketing and R&D, and the future outlook for the industry.
“We are delighted to offer this important resource,” comments PLASA managing director, Peter Heath. “It provides vital insight for business planning, budgeting and benchmarking performance - I encourage all businesses to download the full report.”
He adds: “Whilst it’s great to see that the industry has performed so well over the last year, we are clearly looking towards a period of uncertainty as Brexit looms over the sector. PLASA will continue to support our members to the fullest extent that we can.”
The 2019 PLASA industry research report is available to download free of charge to PLASA members or £500+VAT for non-members. For more information, visit <
Shure appoints Emanuele Luongo in Italy
Italy - Shure Incorporated has strengthened its marketing and sales operations in Europe with the appointment of Emanuele Luongo, a new integrated systems market development manager for Italy.
Luongo will assume the position on 1 December. He will be based in Milan and will concentrate on the Italian integrated systems market, working closely with Shure distributor Prase Media Technologies.
Luongo’s background is in sound engineering, acoustics and wireless audio. He has held sales and product management positions at Shure’s Italian distribution partners as well as live sound engineering positions for notable artists.
“We are pleased to appoint Emanuele to this key position, supporting our market development activities in Italy,” comments Rob Smith, senior director, integrated systems sales Western Europe at Shure. “As Shure continues to expand globally, adding Emanuele will be essential in building customer relationships and providing solutions to meet the needs of this important market.”
"Our collaboration with Emanuele will maintain focus on the Shure brand and on the Integrated Systems market, where Shure has a strong presence and is continually growing," comments Ennio Prase, managing director of Prase. “We wish Emanuele all the best in his important position at Shure.”
Pascal announces senior appointments
Denmark - Pascal has announced two executive appointments to its management team, positioning the company for a new phase of strategic expansion.
Gorm Eichenberger has been appointed as CFO, following the retirement of Henrik Gunst Smith, the company’s director of finance since 2013. Also joining the company is Gustaf Høskuldsson, taking up the newly created position of COO. Both come to Pascal with extensive experience with audiology market leader Widex, where Eichenberger held the position of head of operation finance and Høskuldsson vice-president, global supply chain.
The appointments follow a year of sustained investment by the company, during which personnel, and R&D and operations facilities at its Copenhagen HQ have expanded by more than 30%.
“In continuing to manage the growth process and maintain an exceptional rate of expansion, we are seeking to become ever more outside-in customer centric,” says CEO Lars Rosenkvist Fenger. “Customer centricity has always been a core value for Pascal; offering our clients what they actually want, rather than what they have come to expect. This new phase of our growth strategy is centred on the expansion of our existing customer specific offerings and on developing new customer interfacing capabilities for the pro audio industry."
MAG Audio debuts versatile array technology
Ukraine - Loudspeaker manufacturer MAG Audio introduced its new line array technology, MAG Must. The company unveiled the product during an event at Kiev’s 70,000-seat NSC Olimpiyskiy Stadium on 6 September.
Standing for Multiple Uniform Sound Technology, MAG Must allows installers to use a single line array format, therefore eliminating the need for bothersome stock and complex logistics, says the company. The technology is based on the scalable 8” MAG Wasp line array, which allows creation of uniform sound coverage across a venue of any size.
“We intended to create the technology that can change approach to using small format line arrays,” explains Igor Sydorenko, systems engineer at MAG Audio. “Today, manufacturers offer lines of products depending on the target event size - starting from compact arrays and up to the large-format ones. But we consider this approach outdated. So we decided to design the technology that can serve the needs of any client, regardless of the event’s demands.”
The technicians built an impressive stage, 65m in length, which incorporated two LED screens on each side. Such a large venue called for a nuanced approach to the project design, so MAG Audio engineers conducted extensive researches, studies, and tests to get the best out of MAG Must.
The set-up consisted of two line arrays (24 MAG Wasp tops and 12 Wasp S-12 subs per each side of the stage) as PA; two line arrays made up of 16 MAG Wasp tops each as out-fills; 48 x H28 subs lined in the end-fire configuration; and eight MAG Wasp tops deployed
Martin Audio strengthens APAC support
India - Martin Audio’s APAC representative Generation AV has appointed Sanak Pandit as applications engineer.
Based in Bangalore, Pandit has been working in audio since the age of 14, having completed his studies in the Bangalore School of Audio under the training of Vishnu Pandit, one of the most respected technical experts in the touring & rental market in India. In addition to working with his family companies of V&P Sound and SD Audio, the new recruit also served as a freelance sound engineer for a number of Indian artists.
Generation AV founder David McKinney, comments: “I am very excited to have Sanak in the team; he has the technical abilities to support all the brands in Generation AV and I believe will be a great asset to our business in Asia. With his strong background in the touring market he is able to hit the ground running.”
Martin Audio MD, Dom Harter, adds: “Following the appointment of Generation AV, it is reassuring to know that Martin Audio sales support in the APAC territories is in such safe hands with the appointment of Sanak. This is a developing region for us and it is vital that our customers know they have such an advanced level of on-the-ground backup.”
ICF Munich celebrates services with dLive
Germany - International Christian Fellowship Munich (ICF) has recently upgraded its audio system with an Allen & Heath dLive solution for its weekly services and events.
ICF Munich is a non-denominational free church, which in addition to its regular Sunday services, also hosts other live events with up to 800 participants.
Due to size of the services and events, a large number of microphones and extensive I/O is needed for the speakers and live performers. As such, one of the main requirements for ICF was an audio system that could meet the demands of a professional concert.
To serve its growing needs, ICF’s new audio system comprises a dLive S5000 paired with a DM48 MixRack and two DX168 expanders for additional I/O. A Dante card is utilised for multitrack recording, connection to wireless microphone receivers and the PA.
Head of audio technology, Marc Deisen, has been working at the ICF for five years and oversees the dLive system. “When we decided on a dLive a year ago, it was very important to us to have a straightforward, well-structured system,” explains Deisen. “Many of our technicians are volunteers and have very little trouble working with dLive, especially as we already had an iLive console in use. Above all, we quickly learned to appreciate the I/O patching matrix, which is very clear and easy to use for everyone.”
Aside from dLive’s easy and intuitive workflow, a large part of Deisen’s decision to use dLive came down to its processing features. “Now we have enough processing power for more than 50 channel
L-Acoustics helps IOP achieve ambitions aims
UK - The Institute of Physics for the UK and Ireland (IOP) has an impressive new London HQ, built from the ground-up with a modern architectural statement that has AV designed-in from the start.
The site is an old plumbing supplies shop in the developing creative industries area near Kings Cross, London. Leaving just the original brick façade, it has been transformed into something completely new. The polished concrete structure of this £13.5m project brings focus to the large screens and interactive experiences that will greet more than 200,000 IOP visitors every year. It is a space that radiates cutting-edge science, and one that required visual and audio technologies to be as much a part of its essence as the concrete itself.
Recursive AV, the AV consultant on the project, had the opportunity to liaise with and influence the architects more than two years before completion, allowing them to achieve the best visitor experience possible.
David Yates, the managing director at Recursive, went about choosing premium technologies to complement the institute’s ambitious aims, including specifying L-Acoustics Syva and Kiva as the audio solutions. "We really felt that the IOP deserved a high-end audio approach," he explains. "They have people coming from all over the world: academics, policymakers, broadcasters, and so on. We wanted to be sure that the sonic quality and the visual impact would be absolutely correct, and that the system could cope with a challenging space. We needed to deliver fantastic intelligibility and a consistent sonic signature
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Updated: February 5, 2018
Absentee civil servants warned with dismissal
Economy Absentee civil servants warned with dismissal
Government has warned that it will institute measures to remove civil servants who desert their districts from the payroll.
Northern Province Permanent Secretary Elias Kamanga sounded the warning when he inspected some projects in Nsama and Mpulungu districts last week.
Mr. Kamanga said it is disheartening that some government workers have been using some rural districts to get employed, which they later desert for urban areas as soon as they begin getting their salaries.
He said the development is saddening because people in the rural areas also needed to benefit from the services rendered by the civil servants.
Mr. Kamanga said the government of President Edgar Lungu is committed to ensure that development reaches all parts of the country.
He directed Nsama District Commissioner Brighton Chali and his Mpulungu counterpart Dennis Sikazwe to immediately institute an audit and present the findings to his office on the government workers that have left their posts after being employed.
He was particularly disappointed that some teachers at Chitili Primary School in Mpulungu were not at the station despite parents going out of their way to construct houses for them.
The PS was also not happy that some civil servants had deserted the new district of Nsama depriving people of essential services.
Mr. Kamanga said such negative behaviour was detrimental to the development of the nation.
He said the PF government under the leadership of President Edgar Lungu is keen to see that development reaches all parts of the country without leaving anyone behind.
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Mwape February 5, 2018 At 1:23 pm
So why are paying them. Just stop their salaries! It’s a no brainer.
Kim February 5, 2018 At 5:08 pm
How do you stop their salaries when they have gone for party mobilisation?? by ten:
Oh yeh, forgot about that little issue!
Akapondo February 5, 2018 At 6:22 pm
Improve their warefare ,the accomodation fir teachers and other workers in rural areas is pathetic. Dont just problem them they also need good life like yourselves
International ORDER February 5, 2018 At 7:10 pm
The stupidity continues – Mr. Kamanga why pay someone who is not on his or her job location? You don’t warn them. You dismiss them and put them in jail for stealing taxpayers’ money.
Rachael February 6, 2018 At 6:54 am
And i thought government employee adults and not school children.
RudeMonk February 5, 2018 At 7:45 pm
Why should they draw a salary in the first place if they are not working at their assigned station.
Maybe they are just cadres doing their jobs elsewhere. The wages of employing cadres in government.
Disaster!
Jay Jay February 5, 2018 At 8:58 pm
So who is to blame here…surely how you have such empty tins like this PS, this is the end results of handpicking cadres in these positions. When these employees are offered jobs do they not sign contracts of some kind!!
Jilly Bean February 5, 2018 At 9:15 pm
The sentence should be: Absentee civil servants threatened with dismissal
Mo February 6, 2018 At 6:58 am
Give them proper accomodation, water and electricity and they will stay. Don’t expect professionals to stay in thatched hits.
Sorry thatched huts
Oviziba February 6, 2018 At 7:19 am
Other teachers especially female ones are abused by villagers thought magic and can’t stand that so they flee. We’ve heard so much on this others daylight rape.
pink toe February 6, 2018 At 10:18 am
Ts and Cs apply. Stick to them and apply them without fear because such set a wrong precedence. What is DEBS’ position on this?
Bruce Kabwe February 6, 2018 At 5:52 pm
There are so many applicants at HR offices just replace them they feel the anger of being unemployed
Economy Chief Editor - January 21, 2020 3
Zambia presents$ 9.5 billion opportunity for the private sector to invest in sustainable development, says Standard Chartered
Economy Chief Editor - January 18, 2020 11
The Standard Chartered Sustainable Development Goals Investment Map has revealed an almost 10 trillion US dollars opportunity for private-sector investors across all emerging markets...
Wina’s stance against chain stores extending their business into Compounds get support
THE Cleaning Association of Zambia (CAZ) has supported Vice President Inonge Wina’s stance against chain stores extending their business into townships. Ms. Wina...
Zamtel confirms restructuring process as the IDC backs the exercise
Zamtel says it has made a lot of progress in implementing the reorganisation exercise aimed at improving organizational efficiency. In a statement, Zamtel disclosed that...
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Gentlemen’s Club Bangkok
Cristina de Middel Bangkok. Thailand. 2018. © Cristina de Middel | Magnum Photos
Cristina de Middel , portraiture
Cristina de Middel THAILAND. Bangkok. 2018. © Cristina de Middel | Magnum Photos
Cristina de Middel Eugeny, 35 years old. Single. Sales person. Russian. Eugeny had his first experience in Bangkok when he was 28 years old. He was drinking with friends and the girls in the bar approached them. He r (...)
emembers it as a good experience and even had sex with the same girl the next day. He now hires prostitutes 2 to 3 times a month and pays up to 120 USD. He says he prefers not to pay nor look for prostitutes but sometimes it just happens. Bangkok. Thailand. 2018. © Cristina de Middel | Magnum Photos
Cristina de Middel Pornchai, 50 years old. Divorced. Moto Taxi. Pornchai first went to a brothel when he was 25 because his friends convinced him. He paid 30 USD but the experience was not good as he did not know the (...)
girl and believes sex cannot work like that. He now does erotic massage around 5 times a year and pays 40 USD to get a premium service. He likes it because the girls are friendly and they treat him well. He finds it reasonable to pay because it is comforting. Bangkok. Thailand. 2018. © Cristina de Middel | Magnum Photos
Cristina de Middel Alesei, 34 years old. Single. Chef. Russian. Alesei first went to a brothel when he was 28 years old. He was partying with girls that looked very friendly and different to him. He said they were ve (...)
ry good professionals because they made him believe they really liked him. Then their attitude changed and when they asked for a crazy amount of money he felt like a kid with a broken toy. He then managed to pay them 60 USD. The only other time he paid for sex was during a trip to Vietnam when he was feeling very lonely. He thinks men go to prostitutes because they need to have sex as much as possible and are for the less confident types of people.He thinks that if you are not ugly you should never pay for sex. He prefers to have sex with prostitutes over romantic love. Bangkok. Thailand. 2018. © Cristina de Middel | Magnum Photos
Cristina de Middel Paisan, 58 years old. Married. Security guard. Paisan had his first experience in a karaoke bar when he was 21 and single. He paid 30 USD for a white prostitute. He now goes twice a month for an er (...)
otic massage and a happy ending for 50 USD. He says his wife knows about it but since she works very hard she is always to tired for sex. Bangkok. Thailand. 2018. © Cristina de Middel | Magnum Photos
Cristina de Middel THAILAND. Bangkok. 2018. Paisan, 58 years old. Married. Security guard. Paisan had his first experience in a karaoke bar when he was 21 and single. He payed 30 USD for a white prostitute. He now go (...)
es twice a month for an erotic massage and a happy ending for 50 USD. He says his wife knows about it but since she works very hard she is always to tired for sex. © Cristina de Middel | Magnum Photos
Cristina de Middel THAILAND. Bangkok. 2018. Tu, 32 years old. Single. Exhibitions Installer. Tu was 24 years old when he first paid for prostitutes and remembers he payed 60 USD. He originally called a girl online be (...)
cause he was feeling lonely. He realized that sex was not a good way to fight loneliness. He now goes 2 times a month and pays around 90 USD. He likes all types of girls and says he will try everything since he does not want to start a family or have any children. He prefers to be by himself with his cats. He knows most prostitutes fake their feelings and emotions but he says he does it too. © Cristina de Middel | Magnum Photos
Cristina de Middel Tu, 32 years old. Single. Exhibitions Installer. Tu was 24 years old when he first paid for prostitutes and remembers he paid 60 USD. He originally called a girl online because he was feeling lonel (...)
y. He realized that sex was not a good way to fight loneliness. He now goes 2 times a month and pays around 90 USD. He likes all types of girls and says he will try everything since he does not want to start a family or have any children. He prefers to be by himself with his cats. He knows most prostitutes fake their feelings and emotions but he says he does it too. Bangkok. Thailand. 2018. © Cristina de Middel | Magnum Photos
Cristina de Middel THAILAND. Bangkok. 2018. Lune, 56 years old. Married. Tailor. Lune was 16 years old when he first paid for prostitutes in his hometown. He went to the brothel by himself but following the advice of (...)
a friend who told him he had to try it. That night he payed 3 USD. He then started going at least 10 times a month but stopped when he got married. The last time he payed 9 USD and said he didn’t stop going because of his wife but rather because of his fear of contracting an STD. © Cristina de Middel | Magnum Photos
Cristina de Middel Toe, 31 years old. Single. Technician. Toe He was 25 when he first paid for sex and it happened because he was drunk and hanging out with friends that encouraged him. He remembers it as a bad exper (...)
ience because he was unable to preform well.That day he paid 18 USD but now pays around 75 USD when he goes once every couple of months. He hires prostitutes because he thinks the sex is different and better than normal relationships. Bangkok. Thailand. 2018. © Cristina de Middel | Magnum Photos
Cristina de Middel Lune, 56 years old. Married. Tailor. Lune was 16 years old when he first paid for prostitutes in his hometown. He went to the brothel by himself but following the advice of a friend who told him he (...)
had to try it. That night he paid 3 USD. He then started going at least 10 times a month but stopped when he got married. The last time he paid 9 USD and said he didn’t stop going because of his wife but rather because of his fear of contracting an STD. Bangkok. Thailand. 2018. © Cristina de Middel | Magnum Photos
Cristina de Middel Sanga, 62 years old. Married. Taxi driver. Sanga first paid for sex when he was 18 years old with his friends. They wanted to experience something new. They went to a club and paid 8 USD. Now he go (...)
es twice a year and normally pays around 30 USD. He says he always needs more sex than what his wife is ready to give him but also does it to feel young and active. Bangkok. Thailand. 2018. © Cristina de Middel | Magnum Photos
Cristina de Middel Andreii, 37 years old. Married. Video editor. Ukranian. Andreii says Ukrainians are not used to paying for sex but he was drunk with friends in the red district of Bangkok. He met a girl that said (...)
she liked him. They went home and she stayed until the next morning. When she woke up she asked him for 100 USD or she would call the police. It was his first but last experience with prostitutes and thinks that in Thailand everything is about money. Bangkok. Thailand. 2018. © Cristina de Middel | Magnum Photos
Cristina de Middel Nares, 44 years old. Married. Bus driver. Nares was 18 years old when he first paid for prostitutes and he remembers it as a very good experience. He paid 15 USD in a club when he was traveling. He (...)
now pays for sex 2 to 3 times in a year but admits he would go more often if his place was closer to the city center. He cannot explain why he likes having sex with prostitutes but he says he prefers them skinny and with white skin. Bangkok. Thailand. 2018. © Cristina de Middel | Magnum Photos
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Master in Education for Career Counsellors
General Program Description About the School FAQ
Master ›
Social Work ›
Counseling ›
About the study program
Advanced professional studies promote students competencies in education science and counseling.
Graduates are able to work in public institutions as career counselors or human resource specialists, in all levels of educational institutions, employment agencies, social welfare institutions, as well as to carry out independent scientific research in the field of career counseling and continues education in doctoral studies.
Visiting professors from partner universities will be involved as teachers and advisors in the program. Students have an opportunity to participate in Erasmus mobility for studies and traineeship.
The study program consists of 5 parts:
Study courses that ensure the acquisition of the latest achievements in the theory and practice of the branch.
Research and management.
Education and psychology.
Practical training.
State examination.
Qualification awarded: Professional Master’s degree in Education MA(Ed) and career counselor’s professional qualification
Admission requirements:
2nd level professional higher education, teacher’s qualification.
Bachelor’s degree in Education.
Bachelor’s degree in Social Sciences in Psychology or psychologist’s qualification.
Other academic or 2nd level professional higher education and 2 years of work experience in counseling.
Duration of studies:
2 years of full-time studies – 4 semesters – 120 ECTS.
Access to further studies: Doctor Studies
Language of studies: English
Final test: Master thesis
Study fee: 3200 EUR per year.
Link to website: http://www.rta.lv/study_programmes?sp_id=83
Rezekne University of Applied Sciences
Rezekne University of Applied Sciences (R?zeknes Tehnolo?iju Akad?mija) is a one of most fast growing universities in Latvia. Higher education in Rezekne, one of regional cities in Latvia, rooted sinc ... Read More
Rezekne University of Applied Sciences (R?zeknes Tehnolo?iju Akad?mija) is a one of most fast growing universities in Latvia. Higher education in Rezekne, one of regional cities in Latvia, rooted since 1925. For almost 100 years, Rezekne University of Applied Sciences was Alma mater for many successful leaders. Each student at Rezekne University of Applied Sciences are met as an individual. All students receive personal guidance and professors are easily approachable. Every year around 400 students enroll and in total more than 2000 students study in on our campus. The size of the university gives opportunity for close interaction between students and personnel on all stages of studies. Numerous international partners and the exchange program students make a multicultural environment in university. More than 200 Erasmus students and academics participated in exchange every year. At Rezekne University of Applied Sciences you build networks that last a life time. Read less
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Program Type & Duration
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MASTERSTUDIES makes it easy for graduate students to find the right degree. Use our website to find information about degrees and career paths from around the world and speak directly with admissions officers at the schools and universities that interest you.
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17 August 2016, By Mater Lotteries
“Having a premature baby is like entering a whole new world.”
Three-year-old Hannah is “sassy, has attitude and talks like a five year old”, according to her dad Shane.
“You’d never know she had such a rough start; it really surprises people when I tell them she was born 11 weeks early,” he said.
Hannah’s mum Rachel was just 16 weeks pregnant with her second child when she was diagnosed with an aggressive form of cervical cancer.
“Our world fell apart. You can’t process that information; we went into a tailspin and it never stopped,” Shane said.
Rachel started a form of aggressive chemotherapy which minimised the risk of harm to her baby. She flew to Mater in Brisbane every three weeks for treatment and scans to check her baby’s progress during her chemo.
But within months, Rachel’s tumour had grown in size and her baby needed to be delivered early.
“Hannah weighed just under 1000 grams, was 40 cm long and came out screaming,” Shane said.
Eleven weeks premature, Hannah was raced to Mater’s Neonatal Critical Care Unit (NCCU) where she stayed for eight long weeks.
“From the start, it was clear Hannah was strong and fortunately, she has never had any major complications, just the usual hiccups along the way,” Shane said.
“Having a premature baby is like entering a whole new world, one which most people don’t realise exists. But for parents like us who do experience it, it is a time of uncertainty and stress—but also a time of hope.”
Sadly, young mum Rachel passed away in August 2014, but her widowed husband Shane remains focused on helping his two young children, Hannah and Maison, remember their amazing mum.
“Hannah has recently started day care and my goal is just to give our kids a good, happy and healthy life.”
You can help many more of these Mater little miracles like Hannah simply by purchasing your Mater Prize Home lottery tickets today. Thank you for your support.
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Baby Piper—a little fighter
Mater Mother’s Hospital’s Neonatal Critical Care Unit (NCCU) is unfortunately a familiar place for mum Amy Breitkreutz…
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Shipman victim: Doc's admission
TWO doctors failed to report "grossly excessive" amounts of morphine given to one of Harold Shipman's murder victims, a tribunal has heard.
Murtaza Husain Husaini and Geraint Ceri Stewart Brown admitted a string of charges relating to the treatment of a woman who was rushed to Tameside General Hospital when a home visit by Shipman resulted in her suffering from respiratory arrest.
The victim, who was 47-years-old and is identified only as Ms A, fell into a permanent vegetative state and died 14 months later.
Dr Husaini and Dr Brown were both consultants at the hospital at the time.
Both deny serious professional misconduct and a range of charges including, in Dr Brown's case, giving contradictory evidence to the police and the Shipman inquiry, and in Dr Husaini's case, giving "untrue or misleading" evidence to the inquiry.
But both doctors admitted today at a General Medical Council panel in Manchester that they knew or should reasonably have known that the morphine dose was "grossly excessive" and that Ms A's respiratory arrest was due to Shipman giving her the drug.
The panel heard that Ms A had phoned her GP after suffering an asthma attack on the night of February 18, 1994.
Shipman went to her home and administered 20mg of morphine in a single shot. He called an ambulance after her condition worsened and she was transferred to the hospital. She died on April 21, 1995.
The inquiry, chaired by Dame Janet Smith, later ruled Ms A was among Shipman's 250 victims.
Nigel Grundy, for the GMC, said morphine was "the last thing you should be giving to an asthmatic".
Dr Brown, who looked after Ms A, was anaesthetic director of the hospital. He admitted he ought reasonably to have known that it was recorded that Ms A was an asthmatic, that Shipman had given her the morphine, and that the dose was grossly excessive.
He also admitted he did not make inquiries to check the accuracy of records or discover why morphine had been given. Neither did he report any concerns to the hospital's chief executive designate, medical director designate or the legal adviser to the North West Regional Health Authority.
Dr Brown denied failing to report concerns to the coroner and the hospital business manager.
He did admit not telling a relative of Ms A's that Shipman had administered morphine, but denied knowing she was asthmatic. He also denied further charges that his actions had been inappropriate, irresponsible and unjustified.
He admitted making a statement to police that his opinion of Ms A's treatment by her GP had been "highly unusual, even dangerous" but denied giving evidence to the Shipman inquiry that he had not been convinced Ms A's collapse had been due to the morphine.
Dr Husaini, the joint director of the intensive care unit at the hospital at the time of Ms A's arrival, admitted he knew or ought reasonably have known the patient was an asthmatic and that the amount of morphine given had been grossly excessive.
He admitted failing to report concerns to the medical director designate but not four other named officials.
He admitted writing a letter to the legal adviser of the health authority that did not explain it was wrong to give morphine to an asthmatic patient.
But he denied giving evidence to the Shipman inquiry that was untrue or misleading by falsely claiming he sought advice from the coroner and reported his concerns to named authorities.
The hearing is expected to run for up to four weeks.
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Is Jose Mourinho really ready for another storming start with Manchester United?
Man Utd's manager blew opponents away in the title race when he began at Chelsea and he could be playing mind games ahead of the Bournemouth opener.
Mourinho is punctual when it comes to schedules
Jose Mourinho changed the season blueprint for Sir Alex Ferguson when he breezed into England in 2004.
But is the new Manchester United boss ready to blitz the Premier League like he did 12 years ago?
Fergie's campaign game plan was always to start steady, get to New Year in touching distance and then build to a crescendo.
But Mourinho altered the landscape after the Champions League winner arrived at Stamford Bridge from Porto.
His Chelsea side blew away the title challengers including United and his tried and trusted programme.
In his debut season in England, Chelsea won their opening four league matches, dropped their first points when drawing the fifth at Aston Villa and not losing until City beat them in the ninth match.
United to land £5m-plus for McNair and Love as Mourinho trims squad
It left United trailing. Chelsea didn't lose another Premier League game and stormed to the title 18 points ahead of United in third place.
In his second season it was an even more devastating start. They won nine straight league matches before drawing the tenth at Everton. They didn't lose until United beat them at Old Trafford in the November.
But the damage was done and Chelsea won a second league crown under Mourinho in 2005.
Fergie ripped up his well thumbed success manual.
“When Jose arrived at Chelsea, the whole ballpark changed. We had to look at ourselves and change the dynamics of the team, our preparation, our pre-season training. Because they were getting flying starts every season. We were playing catch-up from the third and fourth games of the season,” he said.
“Before then, we'd taken our time during a campaign and built for the second part of the season. We had to change.”
Mourinho changed the way Fergie approached the season
On the eve of his first season at United and the opener at Bournemouth on Sunday, Mourinho hasn't been that bullish.
In fact, for a manager whose sides traditionally blast out of the blocks he's not painted an over-optimistic view following the Reds five-game pre-season warm up.
“The way we work we try to bring them on as fast as we can. I won’t say to top form but to a level where they are ready to compete. That is the reality of modern football,” said Mourinho.
Are his United squad ready? “The top of the performance level? Not at all, not individually, and even less collectively. But I think we are going to arrive in a good condition.”
United beat Real Madrid to Paul Pogba signing
But United fans needn't worry that Mourinho's Reds could be left in the traps.
This is the Portuguese coach talking in 2004 as Chelsea's pre-season in America drew to a close: “I am really happy with the tour and the players, the way they are training, their evolution as a team and the way they play," he said.
“We have the right players and we will be ready. We need more time to become a really good team.”
Not exactly promising a blitzkrieg. But soon into the campaign the canny Mourinho's side had altered the face of English football.
Dean Court on Sunday should reveal whether he has been hiding his United light under a bushel in the same way.
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Manchester City Transfer News
Riyad Mahrez 'holding up Man City move' and more transfer rumours
Manchester City transfer news and rumours includes the latest on the pursuit of Leicester forward RIyad Mahrez
Simon Bajkowski
Manchester City have been made to wait to sign Riyad Mahrez.
Pep Guardiola wanted the Leicester forward in the January transfer window after choosing to walk away from a bidding war for Alexis Sanchez, but the valuations of the 2016 PFA Player of the Year were too far apart.
City have been trying to bridge that gap this summer, although the two clubs are yet to come to an agreement on how much the forward is worth.
And the Sun reports that Mahrez himself is delaying a move to the Etihad by asking for a chunk of any fee received for him. Leicester are not keen on granting the player's wish, given he handed in a transfer request in January and then refused to train with the squad for ten days.
In other news, City have offered personal terms to Rafael Leao according to the Sunday Times . The 18-year-old forward could join the Sporting Lisbon exodus, with a number of players rescinding their contracts after the attack at the training ground by supporters in May.
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We specialise in Māori land matters and our role is focused on providing owners of Māori land, their whānau and their hapū a forum which:
promotes the retention and utilisation of Māori land and
facilitates the occupation, development and utilisation of land.
Land Information New Zealand (LINZ) has a much broader responsibility of providing and maintaining the certainty of private property ownership information (Māori land is considered private property) by recording survey and land title information for all of New Zealand.
Our relationship with LINZ
LINZ titles & surveys
Māori land records held by LINZ
Māori land ‘flag’ in Landonline
We work closely with LINZ to ensure that information about Māori land is properly captured and maintained as part of the New Zealand property title and survey system.
Our work is undertaken at a number of levels:
Regulatory work
Strategic work
Our land registry staff ensure that changes made by the Māori Land Court or Māori Appellate Court are transmitted to LINZ to registration against the LINZ title.
For example: You come to us to process a succession to your mother. Following your hearing a court order is issued confirming the transfer of the land to you and your brother in equal shares.
We will check the LINZ title records and, where necessary, we will lodge that order with LINZ to transfer the shares.
This is the same type of work that a lawyer would do when you purchase a house – taking care of the transfer of the LINZ title from the original owner to you as the purchaser.
We undertake this service on your behalf as part of our post Court work at no further cost to you.
Find out more about our registry services
Find out more about LINZ and Māori land(external link)
We have worked (and continue to work) with LINZ on a range of projects which have long term benefit to Māori land owners.
Our past joint projects have included the:
Māori Freehold Land Registration (MFLR) Project (2005-2010) – a five year project to ensure orders affecting Māori land were correctly captured in the LINZ title together with survey records
Post-MFLR Options for maintaining integrity and consistency of the title registers project (2010-2012) – ongoing working group to continue to monitor the accuracy and integrity of Māori land titles and survey data
Future Opportunities for Efficiencies (FoFE) project (2012-2013) – Development of short, medium and long term opportunities for future work between both agencies
E-Lodgement Project (2013-2015) – Development and implementation of the electronic lodgement of court orders in Landonline
Our Chief Judge works closely with the Registrar-General of Land, the Surveyor-General and the Valuer-General on the development of rules and regulations that affect Māori land.
This work has included:
LINZG65703 – Interim guideline to aspects of survey requirements applicable to Māori land surveys (24 January 2014)(external link)
LINZG20728 – Guideline for registration of Māori land transactions under Te Ture Whenua Māori Act 1993 (8 December 2011)(external link)
LINZS30300 – Rating Valuations Rules 2008 (1 October 2010)(external link)
We also provide input into larger pieces of work that LINZ undertake that may have an effect on Māori land.
LINZ is responsible for management of the current land transfer system (also known as the “Torrens” system) for New Zealand. Originally implemented in 1870, the system has been consolidated into what is now the Land Transfer Act 1952.
Use of this system is compulsory in New Zealand – this includes transactions that affect Māori land. Under our Act, where an order of the court affects your LINZ title, we will ensure that it is properly registered under the Land Transfer Act (at no cost to you).
The principles that underpin the current land registration system are:
Mirror principle – the register accurately and completely mirrors the state of the title.
Curtain principle – purchasers of land should be able to see trustee information or other interests lying behind the curtain of the register.
Insurance principle – this provides a state guarantee to the title and interests registered within and further provides for losses incurred as a result of errors in the register.
We work with LINZ to ensure that your interests are correctly recorded on titles maintained by LINZ.
By recording your interests in a LINZ title, your Māori land, as well having the protections of our Act, enjoys the same protection as any other private property under the Land Transfer Act.
Where a discrepancy exists between the title issued and maintained by LINZ and our records we will work with you to determine why this discrepancy exists and, if possible, correct it.
Find out more about LINZ(external link)
The value of our record is in the kōrero embodied in our minute books and other documents which record why a particular transaction has taken place. It provides the underlying story as to why something has occurred.
The result of the kōrero, embodied in the decisions made by the court or through the legal (and registerable) activity of owners, can be found in the LINZ records.
Many of our original orders creating Māori land were sent to LINZ to have titles issued as were subsequent partition orders, surveys, ownership changes, some leases and transfers.
LINZ also holds the following records:
Crown purchase deeds
Crown grants
Deeds and deed registers and indexes
Provisional registers
Property titles and plans
Survey records
Find out more about searching LINZ records(external link)
The LINZ titles and survey system, Landonline, flags potential Māori land to ensure that lawyers or other authorised persons, comply with the requirements of our Act when registering a change against a Māori land title or parcel.
To ensure that unauthorised transactions don’t occur, LINZ have provisionally flagged titles or parcels of land which are linked to a current or former Māori land title.
A Māori land flag is indicative only, it does not stipulate that a particular title or parcel of land is Māori land, but it does require any person dealing with that title or parcel to investigate its correct status.
If you find your title or parcel has been flagged, and you believe this has been done in error, we can check our records to determine:
whether or not we have an entry for your title or parcel of land in our current records
if we have any records to confirm whether or not your land is general or Māori land
when your land ceased to have a Māori land status and why.
Where our records are clear that your land is no longer Māori land, we will supply you with written confirmation which you can supply to LINZ to have the flag removed.
However, if our records do not show any reason why it shouldn’t remain Māori land or are silent on any status change, you may need to apply to the Court for a determination of status to formerly confirm the land’s status.
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Google Demographic Targeting: Promises And Pitfalls
by Mark Simon on Mar 31, 10:00 AM
Just once I'd like to read an article about the search engines' deployment of demographic targeting technologies that didn't mention the phrase "Holy Grail." But all hype aside, the fact that Google has at long last introduced demographic targeting to the placement targeting component of Adwords is a welcome development, especially for direct response marketers who've been using this method for years.
Peeing Into The Privacy Wind
by Kaila Colbin on Mar 28, 11:30 AM
If it manages to pass into law, the net effect of Richard Brodsky's bill -- which mandates that the likes of Yahoo, Google and Microsoft provide the ability to opt out from tracking -- is likely to be minimal.
Using Search To Manage Your Brand's Online Reputation
by Chrysi Philalithes on Mar 27, 9:31 AM
Last month an interesting thing happened to me. I became the "subject" rather than the "solver." Having given advice to brands and businesses on how to use search engine marketing to manage their online reputation, I was suddenly faced with needing to manage my own. It was a small incident -- but one that drove home the powerful role search engines play in online reputation management.
Thoughts On Search Engine Strategies NYC 2008
by Rob Garner on Mar 26, 12:15 PM
The buzz in Midtown Manhattan last week was a strange mix of major events in New York politics and financial markets, a St. Patrick's Day parade, and yes, a search engine marketing conference. This setting of a parade surrounded by transition was somewhat fitting, as the Search Engine Strategies NYC conference at the Midtown Hilton was a departure from past conferences (this was my fourth SES in NYC).
Google's Mobile Discovery Engine
by David Berkowitz on Mar 25, 12:30 PM
Google, I'm convinced, is not in the search business after all. It's in the business of screwing up my column predictions. Last week, I concluded, "In 2011, mobile search spending may only represent 5% of search spending, but that in turn may be the 5% that matters most for those consumers." So what does Google do? It launches a mobile discovery engine.
SES NY Recap
The weather was wet and rainy for SES NY, and things seemed quieter than in years past. I couldn't help noticing that there was plenty of unoccupied exhibitor space on the third level, foot traffic seemed light, and you could even find a seat at the hotel lobby bar, where in years past people used to wait four deep to order a drink.
Awareness, Engagement And Sentiment -- The New Measures of Search?
by Chris Copeland on Mar 21, 3:31 PM
Anyone who has dealt with Google knows that one of the unwavering points of view coming from Mountain View and beyond is that if the system is working for you, there should never be a cap on what you should spend. The rationale goes that if you are able to hit your metrics using Google, then you should constantly have 100% share of voice -- and the checkbook should remain open while they hand you the pen to put your signature in place, leaving it to them to fill in the amount.
Irrelevant Ads Breed Turned-Off Consumers
by David Szetela on Mar 20, 5:00 PM
In a recent opinion piece in The Wall Street Journal, Esther Dyson described the growing irrelevance of traditional online ads, and the growing importance of advertising on social networks. She contended that Internet users have become inattentive to ads due to their lack of relevance to site visitors (so-called "banner fatigue"). She also predicted that someday (soon?) people will be able to "friend" advertisers and only see their ads -- or offers tailored to the information users have chosen to supply -- on pages of specific sites they visit.
Not-So-Natural-Born Google Killers
by Aaron Goldman on Mar 19, 10:15 AM
It's become quite fashionable to speculate about companies that could unseat Google. As I write this, there are nearly 100,000 matches on Google for the query "Google Killer." Not one to miss a fashion trend, I thought I'd jump on the bandwagon here.
Looking Back On The Future Of Mobile
Everyone's had visions for the future of mobile, and now that the buzz on mobile marketing is back again, it's a good time to do a spot check on my own prognosticating on mobile search. The timing's especially relevant for me, as I've finally joined the ranks of mobile Web surfers in earnest, with a recent upgrade to a smartphone (namely the Samsung SCH-i760 from Verizon)....
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The Sten Smg
a428ee93-2a3c-4731-9a4d-9245fafe4b10
George Prescott explains why the Sten sub-machine gun was the weapon of choice for SOE agents in WWII.
Produced after Dunkirk to replace the huge numbers of weapons lost during the evacuation, the Sten sub-machine gun was the brainchild of Major RV Shepherd OBE and Harold Turpin, its name composed of the initial letters of the inventors’ surnames and ‘EN’ from Enfield. With Britain in such desperate need of weapons, cheapness and speed of manufacture were the designer’s main concerns, and they came up with a sub-machine gun whose assembly required only minor welding of simple parts stamped from sheet metal, with minimal machining for the bolt and main and trigger springs.
Chambered for Luger’s ubiquitous 9mm Parabellum cartridge, the Sten had a simple blow-back mechanism, operated by placing a full magazine in a slot at the left side of the receiver, drawing back the bolt until it was retained by the sear and pulling the trigger. The standard 32-round magazine then emptied in approximately three seconds on fully automatic, a selector button on the right of the frame giving a choice of automatic or semi-automatic fire. Unfortunately its austere design, together with the 9mm pistol ammunition for which it was chambered, brought its own disadvantages. Most notable was severely restricted accuracy, the effective range of the weapon being only 100m, although at anything below this distance it was frighteningly effective.
Accepted into service with British forces in 1941 as the 9mm STEN Machine Carbine, Mark 1, later developments centered around simplifying the manufacturing process and reducing costs even further, rather than improving performance, and these measures were so effective that a later variant, the MkIII, could be produced in five man-hours for just over £2. By the end of WWII, approximately four million Stens had been manufactured by RSAF Enfield and its British and Canadian subsidiaries.
SOE arranged for thousands of these weapons to be dropped to European resistance groups who valued them for their devastating firepower and simple construction, which made a Sten easy to both conceal and repair. The Cairo office of the SOE also found them particularly useful because they were fired without lubrication and thus did not attract dirt and other debris into the mechanism, unlike the more sophisticated Thompson SMG. Its 9x19mm chambering also gave the Sten another overwhelming advantage - it used the same ammunition as the German Army’s own sub-machine guns, the MP38 and MP40, which was very convenient for Resistance groups, who could replenish their supply of cartridges from the enemy’s own ammunition pouches.
As well as receiving complete weapons several resistance groups also arranged their own production facilities. The Norwegian underground army (or Milorg) manufactured some of its own Sten guns and Danish resistance fighters also produced nearly 1,000 copies of the weapon from clandestine factories in and around Copenhagen. In Poland, approximately 23 underground workshops turned out 11,000 copies of the Sten MkII for the Polish Home Army between 1942 and 1944, all these Polish weapons being stamped with English marks to disguise their origin.
Despite its popularity, it is certainly true that the Sten had faults. It had to be kept clean or stoppages would occur due to dirt in the chamber or bolt mechanism. Magazines could also be temperamental and had to be loaded and treated carefully after fitting. Poorly tempered springs in early magazines were a particular problem, and experienced users loaded magazines with only 25 cartridges, rather than standard 32 rounds, so as not to over-stress this component. In addition, holding the weapon by the magazine when firing tended to bend its lips, often resulting in a stoppage, and hands had to be kept well clear of the cocking lever slot or the result might be a severed finger or thumb. Even more worrying, in earlier versions the simple, open bolt mechanism was prone to firing spontaneously if dropped or handled carelessly, since, if it was dropped on the butt, the bolt could move back far enough to chamber and fire a cartridge without the need to fully cock the weapon.
Wartime service with the SOE
Since it has become widely accepted as fact that all the men who used Shepherd and Turpin’s Woolworths gun loathed it, it may come as something of a surprise to find that, in truth, many preferred it to the much heavier Thompson. This was especially true amongst SOE agents and their Resistance colleagues who found the simple Sten easy to conceal once it had been taken to pieces and particularly favoured the MkIIS suppressed version, which they used in semi-automatic mode to avoid damage to the silencer. Stens were used in many SOE operations, in particular: The Heydrich assassination, when the weakness in magazine construction may have been the reason Gabčík’s Sten failed to operate; Operation Ratweek, during which SOE agents executed collaborators in Norway, France, Denmark and the Netherlands prior to June 1944; and Operation Jedburgh, in which SOE agents coordinated continental resistance efforts in the run-up to D-day.
The magazine housing is often found stamped with the Model number, in the following form, although the stamp may be indistinct: ‘STEN’, ‘Mk5’, ‘M/78’. The ‘Mk5’ indicates the model designation, ‘M/78’ probably being an inspector’s stamp. The lower surface of the magazine housing may also be stamped with the maker’s name and a serial number and guns used by British forces will also bear a War Office Broad Arrow.
Production: approximately 100,000 weapons. First model Sten, characterised by a wooden fore-grip, forward handle and stock.
MkI*
A simplified version of the MkI, the wooden furniture being replaced with cheaper, steel components.
MkII
Production: approximately two million weapons. The most common variation, this type differed from the MkI in having a removable barrel which projected beyond the barrel sleeve. A suppressed (silenced) version, the MkIIS, were also produced at the specific request of the SOE for covert operations. The barrel of this weapon was ported and surrounded by a jacket filled with baffles to dissipate the propellant gases, the bolt being lightened and several coils removed from the recoil spring to improve cycling. Unfortunately, sustained firing caused the barrel and silencer to overheat, emptying one magazine on fully-automatic being sufficient to burn out the suppressor.
MkIII
Production: approximately one million weapons. The most simplified of the war-time designs and the cheapest Sten, a MkIII could be produced in five man-hours for just over £2.
Production (including Mk VI): approximately 1 million weapons. Produced in 1944 when the threat from Nazi Germany was less immediate, these were a better quality version of the MkII, with a wooden pistol grip, fore grip and stock. A No 4 Lee-Enfield foresight and a bayonet mount were also fitted.
A suppressed (silenced) version of the Mark V, the clumsy suppressor increasing its weight from seven to nearly 10lb.
Manufacturers: British - RSAF Enfield, BSA, ROF Fazakerley, ROF Maltby, ROF Theale, Lines Brothers Ltd. Canadian - Long Branch Canada.
Period of production: 1940 until 1950, depending upon model
Production: Four million weapons during WWII
Weight: MkI - approximately 10lb (4.5kg), MkII and MKIII - approximately 7lb (3.2 kg), MkV - approximately 8.5lb (3.86 kg)
Length/Barrel length: 30in (760mm)/ 7.7in (196mm)
Mechanism: Air-cooled, simple blow-back, firing from an open bolt
Cartridge: 9x19mm Parabellum service pistol cartridge, 32-round cartidge
Maximum accurate range: Approximately 100m
Rate of fire: MkI-III - approximately 500rpm, MkV – approximately 600rpm
Cost (1942): £2-£4
Being a weapon capable of fully automatic fire and chambered for a 9mm cartridge, a working Sten may not be held legally in Britain, except under special circumstances, although properly certificated, deactivated weapons are acceptable. In America, original, pre-1968 working Stens may be owned in some states, but legislation is inconsistent and any buyer needs to check with the local licensing authorities before purchase.
Original, deactivated guns of all types may be had for about £500. Magazines go for between £25-£35. Other spares, such as the skeleton butt, are also available, with butts starting at £50. Working weapons are very rare and much more expensive, a reasonable MkII fetching between $3,500 and $4,000 on US auction sites.
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Home » Articles » When Diversity Dictates Lower Quality Hires
When Diversity Dictates Lower Quality Hires
By Mark Bauerlein
Progressives at Tier 1 research universities and top liberal arts colleges sit at the summit of the higher ed hierarchy, where their eminence rests upon high standards of academic work. But they are fervently committed to hiring and retaining more persons of color. They have attempted affirmative action of the official and unofficial kind for a long time, but gains in the percentage of professors of color in elite departments have been disappointing. If you listen to them, you can hear a rising dismay in their voices. They want so much to have more non-white colleagues, but the years pass and nothing seems to change.
This is a case of bad faith. People are in bad faith when they think and act in way that deny the reality of what they otherwise enjoy. The behavior is to demand more non-white hiring and promotion and retention. The reality is a combination of the meritocratic system of selective schools plus the limited pool of minority candidates. The number of African American and Hispanic PhDs falls well below the proportions those groups constitution of the general population. And in the humanities, Asian Americans, too, are underrepresented.
‘Inclusivity’ vs. Prestige’
This means that superior institutions must compete vigorously for faculty of color who have the qualifications that put them into the ranks of high-achievers. Inevitably, they must lower the bar for them, setting up a showdown between a top school’s prestige and its “inclusivity.”
It has happened recently at Dartmouth College. A female Asian American English professor has been denied tenure even though the department’s tenure committee voted unanimously to promote her. The headline of a story on the case at reads “Campus unrest follows tenure denial of innovative, popular faculty member of color.” Aimee Bahng, a UC San Diego PhD, has been an assistant professor at Dartmouth since 2009. The titles of her various writings indicate the nature of her expertise:
“Extrapolating Transnational Arcs, Excavating Imperial Legacies: The Speculative Acts of Karen Tei Yamashita’s Through the Arc of the Rain Forest”
“Queering The Matrix: Hacking the Digital Divide and Slashing into the Future”
She has also supported Black Lives Matter and was co-founder of the Ferguson Teaching Collective at Dartmouth. In other words, all her interests fall nicely within Dartmouth’s reigning identity politics.
But the higher-ups rejected her. Why?
Not Close to Dartmouth’s Standards
Bahng’s colleagues say that the Dartmouth administration isn’t sufficiently committed to raising ‘the number of underrepresented minorities on the faculty. They don’t accuse the leaders of racism, but they do allege an unpleasant climate on campus and little appreciation of the special pressures and burdens faculty of color experience. Reporter Colleen Flaherty interviews a SUNY-Buffalo professor of transnational studies who claims that people of her profile end up doing extra service work on diversity committees and programs, and they do extra work mentoring students of color who seek them out. That cuts into their research time. Additionally, she claims, research on race, gender, and sexuality “has less cultural capital” (tell that to Judith Butler, Cornel West….)
Nobody who turned Bahng down speaks in the story, but it isn’t hard to see why they did in fact speak out. Flaherty includes a link to Bahng’s CV, and it displays a research record that doesn’t come close to meeting Dartmouth’s tenure standards. All English departments at major institutions want to see a book in hand and several research articles. But all Bahng has is a book “forthcoming” from Duke University Press in early 2017. By itself, that counts for nothing. We need, at the very least, a contract from the Press stating that the manuscript has passed through peer review, been approved by the board, and has a production schedule. Bahng’s defenders don’t say anything about it, suggesting a contract doesn’t exist.
As for essays, since her hiring in 2009, Bahng has only two of them in print.
Making it all Go Away
The situation is clear. The department was willing to lower Dartmouth standards in order to meet identity needs (and, possibly, friendship). Higher officials weren’t. She has delivered 37 lectures, and she lists 19 fellowships and grants on the CV, but those awards and activities haven’t produced much in the way of the written word. However much Dartmouth wants more faculty diversity, the output was just too low.
I don’t think it will be too long, however, before the scruples of administrators in these kinds of situations soften. the identity demand is growing too shrill, and in the humanities, research is increasingly meaningless. Who cares whether someone has just published the 4,210th essay on literary transnationalism? Soon, administrators will ask themselves whether it is worth it to insist upon strict standards of published research when they run against the diversity mandate, incense other professors, and bring on bad publicity. A simple and quiet acquiescence can make it all go away.
Mark Bauerlein
Mark Bauerlein is a professor of English at Emory.
7 thoughts on “When Diversity Dictates Lower Quality Hires”
Book was published May 2017. Not at all sure why would assume that “forthcoming” did NOT indicate a contract. In my experience no one says “forthcoming” unless it is in fact a done deal.
https://www.dukeupress.edu/migrant-futures/?viewby=title
jeansguy says:
What a delusional mother father. Another high school GED material who got Trump elected.
You too can write pop psychology and teach at Emory.
A book “forthcoming” doesn’t mean anything, perhaps the “contract doesn’t exist”? This mother father is delusional. Maybe Bahng should follow Bowerlain’s footsteps and write more pop psychology books to get a job at Emory.
Maybe Aimee Bahng is more suited to be at a LAC instead of a research university where papers & books are not as heavily as emphasized. As with Affirmative Action, people are being accepted & hired to places where they aren’t a good match in order to meet the (ethnic) diversity quota in order to represent an inclusive campus.
bdavi52 says:
“The penalty good men pay for indifference to public affairs is to be ruled by evil men.”
“”The world is in greater peril from those who tolerate or encourage evil than from those who actually commit it.”
“Bad men need nothing more to compass their ends, than that good men should look on and do nothing”
Plato, Einstein, Mill : History, evidently, is a poor teacher…. and doing what is expedient (after all, it’s only a little bit corrupt) becomes easier and easier with each and every repetition.
QET says:
It is absolutely the case that, in an age where quantity is all that counts, where most productions of “scholarship” in the humanities and social sciences are indistinguishable from the output of a random-word generator programmed with the juvenile Left’s approved lexicon, and hundreds of journals exist solely for the purpose of publishing Leftist dreck, any tenure hopeful who can’t list 1,000 such published articles by the time she is 30 is obviously not cut out for the job.
But to criticize someone according to standards which themselves are the most egregious examples of the degeneration of the intellect and higher learning in the modern West, which themselves are the root to which the critical axe must be laid if intellectual honesty and integrity are ever to be restored to the Western academy–this actually comports with the Left’s grand strategy, which is to implant and entrench such anti-standards, to sink their roots so deep into Western educational institutions that no critical axe can reach them. The Left will happily (though with a great show of pain and protest) sacrifice a tenure hopeful here and there if the result is to further legitimize their anti-standards.
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College stars take stage at Minute Maid Park
Astros' annual Division II showcase loaded with action on Day 1
By Richard Dean
HOUSTON -- Henderson State, St. Mary's and Tarleton State were winners on Day 1 of the 2015 Houston Winter Invitational at Minute Maid Park on Thursday, but Central Missouri, Arkansas Tech and Winona State will have their chances to battle back as the annual college baseball showcase continues through Sunday.
Henderson State tops Central Missouri in Day 1 finale
Henderson State 8, Central Missouri 3
Henderson State received a strong pitching performance from starter Colton Lorance and went on to defeat Central Missouri, 8-3. The win by the Reddies concluded the first day of the four-day tournament.
The left-handed Lorance allowed only one hit and one run in six innings, picking up the win. He struck out four with one walk in the season opener for both teams. Jay Hawley pitched the final three innings, earning the save.
Hunter Mayall collected three of Henderson State's 13 hits with two RBIs. Hayden Lessenberry, Conner Brackhahn and Matt Evans had two hits each for the Reddies, who scored two runs in the first inning and increased their lead to 8-1 with a four-run seventh.
Tony Sandifer had all three RBIs for the Mules, who collected only three hits. Dylan Farrell scored twice. Sandifer's two-run single in the eighth inning scored Farrell and Derek Cornell. Farrell and Cornell pulled off double steals in the sixth and eighth innings.
Mules starter Ricky Rivera took the loss, allowing three runs (two earned) on nine hits in four innings.
St. Mary's Orton lights up Minute Maid Park
St. Mary's 10, Arkansas Tech 5
Leadoff hitter Brooks Orton provided the power as St. Mary's opened its season with a bang. Orton hit a two-run homer run in the sixth inning and a two-run single in the ninth to lift the Rattlers past Arkansas Tech, 10-5, on Thursday.
Orton's homer to right field highlighted the second of three games on the day. Orton's blast off Zach Skelton hit the facing of the second deck, scoring pinch-runner Jacob Marler to give the Rattlers a 4-1 lead. Orton had five RBIs.
St. Mary's added one more run in the top of the sixth to widen its lead to 5-1. But the Wonder Boys (2-3), playing their fifth game of the season, scored four runs in their half of the sixth to tie the score 5-5.
The Rattlers scored single runs in the seventh and eighth, and three in the ninth to pull away in its season opener.
St. Mary's starting pitcher Kris Gardner earned the win, allowing five runs and six hits in 5 2/3 innings. Oscar Sepulveda got the save.
Bryson Morris (0-1) took the loss in relief of Skelton, who allowed five runs (three earned) and six hits in 5 2/3 innings.
Orton and Mario Maldonado each had three of St. Mary's 15 hits. Getting two hits each were A.J. Perez, Derek Hamilton, Matt Smith and Nathan Schwertner.
Collin O'Neil and Kris Ayers had two hits each for Arkansas Tech, whose first four batters in the lineup each scored -- O'Neil, Marcus Wilson, Patrick Castleberry and Ayers.
Tarleton State wins Houston Winter Invitational opener
Tarleton State 15, Winona State 2
Tarleton State's bats were considerable hotter than the weather, with temperatures in the high 40s inside Minute Maid Park on Thursday morning.
In a 12-hit attack, the Texans blasted Winona State, 15-2, in the opening game of the four-day college baseball showcase. It was both teams' season opener.
The 10 a.m. CT start with an open roof didn't seem to affect the Texans, who also took advantage of 10 walks from five Winona State pitchers. That was more than enough to make a winner out of Texans starter Matt Herrick, who allowed two runs over his five innings in a game that went only seven innings because of the 10-run rule.
Kevin Meredith had a team-high five RBIs and three hits for the Texans, who broke the game open with a seven-run fifth to go ahead 10-2. In that inning, the visitors managed only one hit with six walks and a hit batsman. The hit was a two-run double by Meredith, who scored twice.
Jonathan Schmitz added three hits and scored three times for Tarleton State, which scored three runs in each of the third and six innings and two runs in the seventh. Texans left fielder Matt Olive reached base five times with only one hit. Herrick struck out four with two walks and five hits allowed. Eythan Lenz and Troyal Yosko pitched a scoreless inning each for the Texans.
Designated hitter Jordan Plamann had two of Winona State's five hits. Plamann and Paul Mutch had the RBIs for the Warriors, with Travis Evanson and Jesus Cazares scoring in the fourth. Winona State starter Chase Blazier allowed three runs in three innings to take the loss.
Richard Dean is a contributor to MLB.com.
Read More: Houston Astros
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News > Medscape Medical News > Neurology News
FDA Panel Unanimously Backs Cannabis Drug for Severe Epilepsy
Alicia Ault
UPDATED April 20, 2018 // A US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) advisory committee has voted unanimously to support approval of a purified formulation of cannabidiol (Epidiolex, GW Pharmaceuticals) as an adjunctive treatment for Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) and Dravet syndrome (DS) in patients 2 years of age or older.
Although there are medications already on the market that include synthetic cannabinoid chemicals, if approved, this would be the first pharmaceutical formulation of a plant-based cannabinoid that maintains the mechanism of action of the chemical but without the "high" associated with marijuana, according to the manufacturer.
The Peripheral and Central Nervous System Drugs Advisory Committee had almost no concerns about the safety or effectiveness of Epidiolex, and congratulated the FDA, the manufacturer, and patients and families for having presented solid evidence.
"This is clearly a breakthrough drug for an awful disease," said panelist John Mendelson, MD, a senior research scientist at the Friends Research Institute, San Francisco, California.
"It's an honor to be part of a meeting that's making an important decision based on science and public input rather than a political discussion," said panel member Mark W. Green, MD, FAAN, professor of neurology, anesthesiology, and rehabilitation medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York City.
"This is a historic moment," said Michael Privitera, MD, director of the epilepsy center at the University of Cincinnati, Ohio, who was an investigator for one of the pivotal studies. Privitera said he paid his own way to the meeting and receives no money from GW Pharmaceuticals. "We don't really understand how it stops seizures, but it's different than any other drug we've seen," he said, adding that it was rigorously studied.
"This will be more reliable than the dispensary marijuana that's available in many states," Privitera added.
The FDA usually follows its panels' advice. Billy Dunn, MD, director of the FDA's Division of Neurology Products, said the agency is "reviewing [Epidiolex] on an expedited timeline." The agency is due to make a decision by June 27. Epidiolex is also being reviewed by the European Medicines Agency, which accepted the company's application in February.
No Risk for Abuse
Even though Epidiolex is derived from marijuana (Cannabis sativa), it does not have properties conducive to abuse, said the FDA reviewers. That is crucial, because currently, Epidiolex is considered to be a Schedule I drug by the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). If the FDA approves Epidiolex, it will make a recommendation to the DEA that the drug be rescheduled.
If Epidiolex is rescheduled, GW Pharmaceuticals expects to make it available to physicians as soon as possible — most likely during the second half of this year — company CEO Justin Gover told Medscape Medical News. The company is proposing an initial target dose of 10 mg/kg daily, with dose adjustments up to 20 mg/kg, based on clinical response and tolerability.
One of the company's pivotal safety and efficacy trials in patients with LGS was published online January 24 in the Lancet. Data from that trial and two other pivotal studies were presented at the advisory panel meeting.
The primary endpoint — percentage reduction in drop seizures in LGS patients and percentage reduction in convulsive seizures in DS patients — was statistically significant for patients who received 14 weeks of treatment.
In study 1423, 171 LGS patients (average age, 15 years) were randomly assigned to receive either Epidiolex 20 mg/kg daily or placebo, in addition to existing therapies.
At baseline, the patients had been experiencing a median of 74 drop seizures per month. Drop seizures were defined as atonic, tonic, or tonic-clonic seizures that involved the entire body, trunk, or head and that led to or could have led to a fall or injury or the patient's slumping in a chair or hitting his or her head on a surface.
Patients taking Epidiolex experienced a significantly greater median reduction in drop seizures compared to those taking placebo (44% vs 22%; P = .0135).
In another LGS study (study 1414), 76 patients taking 10 mg/kg daily experienced a statistically significant 37% reduction in drop seizures, compared to a drop of 17% for the 76 patients taking placebo (P < .01).
Patients in both LGS studies also experienced a reduction of total seizures from 36% to 41%. Caregivers were the given Subject/Caregiver Global Impression of Change scale and were asked to give their impression of whether the patients had gotten worse, had experiened no change, or had improved. Of those caregivers of patients who took the 10 mg/kg dose, 66% said they saw improvement.
For DS, the dose studied was 20 mg/kg. Patients taking that dose experienced a 39% reduction in convulsive seizures during 14 weeks of treatment. Sixty-two percent of caregivers said they had seen an improvement.
Elevated Liver Enzymes
The company also presented safety data from the phase 3 trials, the open-label extension trial, and the compassionate use program, totalling 1651 patients and about 1200 patient-years.
Eighty-eight percent of patients in the controlled studies experienced some adverse event; the most common were somnolence, decreased appetite, and diarrhea. About 14% of patients in the controlled trials experienced a serious adverse event.
Twenty deaths were reported; one occurred in the controlled studies, and 19 occurred in the open-label or compassionate use programs. None were linked to Epidiolex, said the FDA staff.
The FDA said that the patients taking Epidiolex discontinued treatment because of adverse events more often than those taking placebo — 9.3% vs 1.3%.
One area of concern for both the FDA and the advisory panel was what appeared to be transient increases in transaminase levels, seen in 8% of patients taking 10 mg/kg and 16% of those taking 20 mg/kg. Serious events due to the elevations in liver enzyme levels occurred in 3% to 4% of patients.
FDA reviewer Lara Dimick-Santos, MD, of the Division of Gastroenetrology and Inborn Errors Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, noted that in 37 patients, alanine transaminase (ALT) levels were elevated at least five times greater than the upper limit of normal. Seventeen patients recovered without stopping or just before stopping Epidiolex.
Dimick-Santos concluded that there is a causal association between increased ALT levels and use of Epidiolex. Concomitant use of valproic acid seemed to be the most common risk factor. She noted that no patients with underlying liver dysfunction at baseline have been studied, and it is unknown whether chronic liver injury could occur with long-term use of Epidiolex.
The advisory committee said it believed elevated liver enzyme levels could be managed through proper labeling and monitoring.
For more Medscape Neurology news, join us on Facebook and Twitter.
Medscape Medical News © 2018
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A new life for TWA Terminal
19/11/2014. John F. Kennedy Airport. [NY] USA
metalocus, JOSÉ JUAN BARBA
Eero Saarinen’s TWA Flight Center at New York’s John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK) may get a new life after all.
TWA Terminal Eero Saarinen, 1962; Renovation, Beyer Blinder Belle. Photoraph © Connie Zhou.
Ezra Stoller. TWA Terminal Interior, 1962, gelatin silver print. Purchase: gift of the Drue Heinz Trust, 2012.12.7. Courtesy of Carnegie Museum of Art © Ezra Stoller/Esto, Yossi Milo Gallery.
TWA Terminal at John F. Kennedy Airport (then Idlewild Airport), New York NY, Eero Saarinen, Architect. Photograph © Ezra Stoller.
Exhibition vision: EL LISSITZKY. The Experience of Totality. Image courtesy of Fundació Catalunya La Pedrera.
Groun floor plan. TWA Terminal at John F. Kennedy Airport (then Idlewild Airport), New York NY, Eero Saarinen, Architect.
Sections. TWA Terminal at John F. Kennedy Airport (then Idlewild Airport), New York NY, Eero Saarinen, Architect.
TWA Terminal, New York by Eero Saarinen. Photograph courtesy of Library of Congress.
One of the most famous icons of mid-century modernism, the TWA Flight Center, beautifully restored over the last six years, is on the National Register of Historic Places, in USA.
One of the last times I had the opportunity to go through the TWA terminal was way to LA in 1998, had missed the flight after being waiting in a long queue, and after arrive to the airport from Manhattan on a slow Subway, traveling across the city from my hotel in the 109 St. and very early. The stewardess who waited on me was extremely friendly (now, Lowcost lines between his cuts have also reduced friendliness) and I could catch the next flight to Los Angeles. At other times, I returned to cross the terminal again, always looking sideways, thinking that this was a special place, but thinking it was timeless.
José Juan Barba
A few weeks ago, Archtober sponsor Openhousenewyork (OHNY) invited guests to tour the midcentury modern Flight Center in all its nostalgic, abandoned splendor. Some excited attendees even paid tribute to Trans World Airlines’s glamorous mark in aviation history by arriving costumed in TWA-inspired attire. The Flight Center, designed by the Finnish-American architect Eero Saarinen but completed in 1962 after his death, served passengers for four decades until it was deemed impractical in accordance with evolving, heightened security measures in 2002. It was declared a New York City historical landmark in 1994, and inducted into the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.
While the new JetBlue terminal T5 at New York's JFK airport, designed by Gensler, partially encircles Saarinen’s terminal and sits adjacent to the Flight Center, the original head house remains empty. The Port Authority of New York & New Jersey had opened a development project to bids from real estate and hotel developers in 2011, but contracts fell through shortly after, and the future of the project remains unresolved.
Earlier this year, contrary to belief that the disused terminal may be approaching its last hurrah, the Port Authority announced plans for continued restoration by again soliciting bids from developers. Prior to revealing the project’s prospects, the Port Authority dedicated an estimated $20 million toward initial renovations. Possible additions may include hotel towers, a restaurant, and a lounge, and the Trump Organization, Marriott and the Related Companies, and Yotel are rumored to be possible contenders in the latest stage of the terminal’s development. The empty terminal’s current annual operational cost sits at $2 million (a steady split between security and operational expenses).
Arquitecto.- Eero Saarinen, 1962; Restauración, Beyer Blinder Belle, en curso.
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Eero Saarinen (Rantasalmi, Finland, 1910 - Bloomfield Hills, United States of America, 1961), is an architect of Finnish origin that develops all his professional activity in the United States, country he moved to in 1923, when he was thirteen years old. He studies sculpture at the Academy of the Grand Chaumiére of Paris in 1929 and architecture at Yale University between 1930 and 1934.
In his first years of professional activity, Eero Saarinen works in the practice of his father, the also well-known architect Eliel Saarinen, of which he becomes partner in 1941 along with J. Robert Swanson. At this time he was also professor of architecture at the Cranbrook Art Academy.
After the death of his father in 1950, Saarinen opens his own practice in Birmingham (Alabama) under the name of Eero Saarinen & Associates. Some of his best known works are the General Motors Technical Center in Michigan; The Gateway Arch, in St. Louis; The TWA at John F. Kennedy Airport in New York and the hockey pavilion at Yale University.
The professional career of Eero Saarinen also included his activity as furniture designer, creating well-known pieces.
José Juan Barba (1964) graduated from ETSA Madrid in 1991. Special Mention in the National Finishing University Education Awards 1991. PhD in Architecture ETSAM, 2004. He founded his professional practice in Madrid in 1992 (www.josejuanbarba.com), he is architecture critic and editor-in–chief of METALOCUS magazine since 1999, he was advising different NGOs until 1997. He has been a lecturer (in Design, Theory and Criticism, and Urban planning) and guest lecturer at different national and international universities (Roma TRE, Polytechnic Milan, ETSA Madrid, ETSA Barcelona, UNAM Mexico, Univ. Iberoamericana Mexico, University of Thessaly Volos, FA de Montevideo, Washington, Medellin, IE School, U.Alicante, Univ. Europea Madrid, UCJC Madrid, ESARQ-U.I.C. Barcelona,...).
Maître de Conférences IUG-UPMF Grenoble 2013-14. Full assistant Professor, since 2003 up to now at the University of Alcalá School of Architecture, Madrid, Spain. And Jury in competitions as Quaderns editorial magazine (2011), Mies van der Rohe Awards, (2010-2019), Europan13 (2015). He has been invited to participate in the Biennale di Venezia 2016 as part "Spaces of Exception / Spazi d'Eccezione".
He has published several books, the last in 2016, "#positions" and in 2015 "Inventions: New York vs. Rem Koolhaas, Bernard Tschumi, Piranesi " and collaborations on "Spaces of Exception / Spazi d'Eccezione", "La Mansana de la discordia" (2015), "Arquitectura Contemporánea de Japón: Nuevos territorios" (2015)...
Awards.-
- Award. RENOVATION OF SEGURA RIVER ENVIRONMENT, Murcia, Sapin, 2010.
- First Prize, RENOVATION GRAN VÍA, “Delirious Gran Vía”, Madrid, Spain, 2010.
- First Prize, “PANAYIOTI MIXELI Award”. SADAS-PEA, for the Spreading of Knowledge of Architecture Athens, 2005.
- First Prize, “SANTIAGO AMÓN Award," for the Spreading of Knowledge of Architecture. 2000.
- Award, “PIERRE VAGO Award." ICAC -International committee of Art Critics. London, 2005.
- First Prize, C.O.A.M. Madrid, 2000. Shortlisted, World Architecture Festival. Centro de Investigación e Interpretación de los Ríos. Tera, Esla y Orbigo, Barcelona, 2008.
- First Prize. FAD AWARD 07 Ephemeral Interventions. “M.C.ESCHER”. Arquin-Fad. Barcelona, Sapin 2007.
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"Kinetic Rain" Changi Airport Singapore
10/07/2012 - by ART+COM [VIDEO] - metalocus, INÉS LALUETA
Aeronautical Cultural Centre in Prat Airport
23/01/2013 - By Sergi Godia, Berta Barrio and Eloi Juvillà. [El Prat de Llobregat, BCN] Spain - metalocus, SERGIO CIDONCHA.
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23/07/2012 - Denver Art Museum [DENVER-Colorado] USA 15/07-07/10/2012 - metalocus, INÉS LALUETA
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17/04/2014 - [VIDEO] from Nordic Office of Architecture. [Istambul] Turkey - metalocus, ÁNGEL BLANCO
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Meg Steiner
meteortheatrearthouse@gmail.com
Norah Martin
meteortheatreproduction@gmail.com
Copyright 2018 by The Dripping Springs Meteor Theatre & Art House. All rights reserved.
Press/Events
Shop/Donate
Otherworldly Theatre.
Right here at home.
The mission of Dripping Springs Meteor Theatre & Art House is to enrich the cultural life of area residents through entertainment and education.
The Meteor Theatre shall provide the opportunity to enhance creativity, community, and world view through participation in quality artistic experiences.
We are seeking motivated, connected individuals to assist in making the dream a reality.
You have a role to play. Together, we can build a community where everyone has the tools to create and consume transformative art. Join us.
LEARN more about why our work matters.
You make our programs possible and your support is enriching lives.
DONATE NOW.
Use your experience to start a cultural legacy in the Dripping Springs community. ACT.
A Place for Arts.
Dripping Springs, a suburb of Austin and a small-town-Texas gem, is often referred to as the Gateway to the Hill Country. It is home to a rapidly expanding population of educated, passionate, and generous community members who value the arts and recognize creativity as a powerful means to connect, entertain, and inspire. This Dark Sky Community is known for it’s spectacular views of big and bright stars at night, but does not yet offer a means to enrich the gifted stars living among us, or those who appreciate the experience of professional live theatre. Meteor Theatre & Arts Center wishes to fill this void by creating a space dedicated to enriching the lives of community members through productions, classes, workshops, and events.
With a fully equipped indoor theatre and rehearsal studio as its central point, the Dripping Springs Meteor Theatre & Art House will serve as a space dedicated to joyful cooperation with inspiration. A starlit outdoor pavilion in close proximity to hip food trucks will make the center an ideal location for Shakespeare in the Park, Poetry Slams, Open Mic Nights, Outdoor Summer Musicals, Whimsical Art Shows, Film Premieres, Meditation, Fitness Classes, and Concerts. The center’s vision includes a large, naturally lit visual art studio dedicated to painting, sculpting, and mosaic. Additionally, there will be a recording studio that supports musical collaboration and promotion. Meteor will serve the young and young at heart by facilitating experiences that awaken creativity and inspire authentic, innovative, and courageous living.
The Dripping Springs Meteor Theatre & Art House is a 501(c)3 non-profit organization.
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TBI Attorney to Speak for Michigan Trial Lawyers
June 10, 2009 by Steven M. Gursten
Michigan TBI attorney Steven M. Gursten will be a featured speaker at the Michigan Association for Justice No-Fault Institute VI seminar next week. Formerly the Michigan Trial Lawyers Association, the Michigan Association for Justice is a victims’ rights organization comprised of more than 1,700 personal injury attorneys across the state.
Steve will be a panel speaker June 18, and will discuss traumatic brain injury (TBI) in first- and third-party car accident and truck accident cases. Topics to be covered include dual diagnosis issues, motivational issues, neuropsychological testing issues, imaging studies and other causes of traumatic brain injury.
Steve will also join a panel on June 19 to discuss post mortems in successful first- and third- party motor vehicle accident cases. Specifically, Steve will review recent personal injury protection (PIP) verdict and tort verdict for plaintiffs.
– Steve Gursten is a member of the American Association for Justice Traumatic Brian Injury Group and lectures on TBI throughout the country. He was recently invited to become the first Michigan traumatic brain injury lawyer to serve on the legal committee for the Sarah Jane Brain Project, a foundation that aims to create a model system for all children suffering from pediatric acquired brain injuries. In 2008, Steve received a trial verdict of $5.65 million for a TBI victim; the largest reported auto negligence verdict in Michigan for the year according to Michigan Lawyers Weekly.
Michigan Auto Law exclusively handles car accident, truck accident and motorcycle accident cases throughout the entire state of Michigan. We have offices in Farmington Hills, Detroit, Ann Arbor, Grand Rapids and Sterling Heights. For more information, please refer to our law firm quick facts.
For more information on your auto accident case, please watch the following video, featuring Steve Gursten on, “Do I have an auto accident case in Michigan?”
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Steve Gursten files carbon monoxide poisoning lawsuit on behalf of Hickory Hollow tenant
Attorneys file carbon monoxide poisoning lawsuit for tenant injured by broken down boilers...
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Shayan
Shafii
King Krule sinks further into 'The OOZ'
It’s been four years, but he’s by and large the same as he once was.
Tuesday, July 25, 2017 - 5:57pm
Tyler, The Creator finds newfound seriousness on 'Flower Boy'
'Flower Boy' is also masterfully sequenced. Some of Tyler’s earlier projects were so scattered that it almost exaggerated runtime, where this album just seems to melt away, like the car rides and afternoons that surely inspired it.
Wednesday, June 28, 2017 - 5:46pm
Young Thug: Easy, Breezy, Beautiful, weird and original
Ironically, "Beautiful Thugger Girls" shines most when Thug doesn’t even seem to know how much of a natural popstar he’s always been.
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'Yeezus' and the Bauhaus
Clarity is the ultimate sophistication.
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The King of the Youth: My night with Lil Yachty
“Yo, I’ll be there in a minute!” I stood outside The Crofoot Ballroom, a mid-size venue in Pontiac, waiting for an event organizer to let me in. I was there for a show that boasted one of the most bizarre and dynamic series of acts I’ve seen, ranging from Toronto-based collective CMDWN to Atlanta trap-toddler Lil Yachty. Pontiac was the unlikeliest of settings for summoning some of the biggest names in hip-hop culture; the juxtaposition of fading Americana-style diners and rap posses from Atlanta never lost its novelty.
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In ‘Coloring Book,’ Chance reminds us that everything will be alright
‘Like The Life of Pablo,’ Chance’s ‘Coloring Book’ is arguably an unorthodox “gospel album,” yet its message is accessible regardless of personal denomination.
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“Using children as pawns:” isolated schools worry about surviving after funding cut
By Kate Wells • Oct 4, 2019
Credit Tom McKee, Whitefish Township School District
Tom McKee is having some hard conversations right now.
“Do we eliminate our elementary school? That means we put our kids on a bus for two hours one way to get to the nearest school,” says the Superintendent of Whitefish Township School District.
Spanning 270 square miles, the remote district has just 53 students, McKee says. “Do we eliminate our high school? Same thing, putting our kids on the bus, two hours one way.”
Stateside: Controversial U.P. mine gets key permits; MSU’s new president; climate change and health
By Stateside Staff • Aug 14, 2019
Flickr Creative Commons / http://bit.ly/1xMszCg
Stateside for Wednesday, August 14, 2019
Today on Stateside, Samuel Stanley Jr. officially took his place as Michigan State University's 21st president earlier this month. We talk to Stanley about his goals and plans for his first year in office. Plus, we talk about the ways climate change is already impacting human health in Michigan.
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By Stateside Staff • May 30, 2019
Stateside's conversation with Elliot Nelson, an organizer for the Aldo Leopold Festival
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U.P. tribe hopes to regulate their water
By Kaye LaFond • May 9, 2019
Kaye LaFond / Interlochen Public Radio
The Environmental Protection Agency is currently seeking public comment on an application for the Keweenaw Bay Indian Community (KBIC) to set their own water quality standards. The KBIC is based out of L'Anse Township in the Upper Peninsula.
Another Upper Peninsula tribe says "yes" to recreational marijuana
By Bryce Huffman • Apr 19, 2019
Drew Taylor / Unsplash
Another Native American tribe in the state has voted to legalize recreational marijuana, making them to second tribe in Michigan to do so.
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Plan to put wind farm in Upper Peninsula forest gets community pushback
By Kaye LaFond • Apr 5, 2019
Kaye LaFond / Michigan Radio
Most wind energy projects in Michigan are on farmland in the southern part of the state. They are often controversial even there, but one company wants to put a wind farm in an Upper Peninsula forest. Many community members don’t feel that’s the right place either.
Western U.P. receives nearly $20 million in federal funding to repair flood damage
By Kaye LaFond • Feb 6, 2019
Vicky Ingram
The U.S. Department of Transportation's Federal Highway Administration has given western Upper Peninsula counties a grant to rebuild flood-damaged roads.
Group files suit to protect wolves in UP and elsewhere
By Steve Carmody • Nov 15, 2018
ENDANGEREDSPECIESLAWANDPOLICY.COM
A new lawsuit is seeking to compel the federal government to come up with a national plan to protect the gray wolf, including those in the Upper Peninsula.
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is expected to try to remove endangered species protection from nearly all gray wolves in the lower 48 states next month.
Deer tests positive for chronic wasting disease in the UP
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The 4-year old doe was discovered about four miles from the Wisconsin border in Dickinson County.
Stateside: Ford vs. Trump, glowing U.P. rocks, corned beef with an Indian twist
By Stateside Staff • Sep 10, 2018
Erik Rintamaki
Today on Stateside, why President Trump's tweets are unlikely to change Ford's decision to move small car production abroad. Plus, why rocks in the U.P. are giving off an alien glow. (No, it does not involve extraterrestrials.)
Listen above for the full show, or find individual segments below.
Ford won’t be moving production of Focus hatchback to the U.S. Here’s why.
FEMA denies request for help again for UP residents hard hit by June flood
By Steve Carmody • Sep 5, 2018
The federal government has again rejected Michigan’s request for federal assistance to Upper Peninsula residents hit hard by flooding in June.
UP’s first health needs assessment points to aging population, substance abuse as main concerns
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The Upper Peninsula Health Departments has published their first ever Community Health Needs Assessment.
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After floods, some in UP communities worry they’ll be left to rebuild on their own
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In mid-June, massive floods devastated parts of Michigan's Upper Peninsula.
The situation has been declared an emergency by both the state and federal government.
This week, Bridge Magazine reporter Jim Malewitz did a deep dive into what the recovery looks like in the region nearly two months later.
UP festival celebrates the history of Michigan’s iron industry
By Stateside Staff • Aug 3, 2018
Andrew Jameson / Wikimedia Commons http://bit.ly/1xMszCg
Stateside’s conversation with Troy Henderson, a local historian at the Michigan Iron Industry Museum
This weekend, the town of Negaunee in Michigan's Upper Peninsula will be filled with the sound of wheezing bellows and ringing hammers hitting anvils.
The Michigan Iron Industry Museum is holding its Artisans at the Forge festival, which includes blacksmiths and other craftspeople.
Snyder declares second state of disaster for Houghton County
By Lauren Talley • Jul 26, 2018
Flooding in the Upper Peninsula earlier this month prompted Governor Rick Snyder to declare a second state of disaster for Houghton County.
The declaration will open up additional resources and money for areas that were still recovering from severe flooding in June.
That flooding washed away large chunks of concrete and asphalt, damaged homes, and killed a 12-year-old boy.
Several roads that had already been repaired were damaged again this month.
Sailor who died at Pearl Harbor buried in Upper Peninsula
By The Associated Press • Jul 16, 2018
Department of the Navy / wikimedia commons
The remains of a Michigan man who was killed in the 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor have been buried in the Upper Peninsula.
Lowell Valley was 19 years old and in Navy when the USS Oklahoma was attacked. Radio station WDBC says Valley's remains were identified through DNA tests.
Valley's younger brother, Bob Valley, says he received a call from the Navy in January.
A funeral Mass was held Saturday at Holy Family Catholic Church in Ontonagon, followed by burial with full honors at the church cemetery.
State wants federal disaster declaration, aid for UP flooding
By Sarah Cwiek • Jul 9, 2018
The state is asking President Trump to declare three Upper Peninsula counties hit by flash flooding last month disaster areas.
Lt. Governor Brian Calley wants the federal designation extended to Houghton, Gogebic, and Menominee counties. Those counties were hit by record-breaking rainfall on June 17th, flooding homes, buckling roads, and causing one death.
Insurance coverage for prosthetic limbs would be mandatory in MI under new bill
By Doug Tribou • Jun 22, 2018
U.S. Army / Flickr
Listen to Rep. Beau LaFave talk with Michgan Radio's Doug Tribou
Rep. Beau LaFave was born with a congenital defect. When he was 18 months old, doctors amputated his left leg at the knee. He’s worn a prosthetic device for most of his life.
For amputees, a prosthetic device can be life changing, but prosthetics are expensive -- LeFave (R-Iron Mountain) says his latest has a price tag of $70,000 -- and they’re not always covered by health insurance.
Storms wash out roads, create sinkholes in Upper Peninsula
By The Associated Press & Rebecca Kruth • Jun 17, 2018
Storms moving across the Upper Peninsula washed out several roads in the Houghton and Hancock areas and created dozens of sinkholes across the Keweenaw Peninsula.
Prolonged winter weather raises concerns about Michigan deer
By The Associated Press • Apr 16, 2018
Michigan DNR / http://j.mp/1SPGCl0
Wildlife biologists are worried about how prolonged wintry weather will affect deer in Michigan's Upper Peninsula.
State Department of Natural Resources supervisor Terry Minzey says things looked good for the U.P. deer herd a month ago, but the situation has deteriorated as winter has held on.
Deer fitted with radio collars for DNR studies have suffered a 13.5 percent mortality rate so far this winter, with 11 percent of adult female deer dying.
Book chronicles the Upper Midwest’s forgotten legacy of lumberjack songs
By Stateside Staff • Apr 6, 2018
Stateside's conversation with Gretchen Dykstra
Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and North Dakota were rich hunting grounds for a young man in the early part of the 20th century. He wasn’t hunting game. He was in search of lumberjack songs.
Climbing a frozen waterfall? For these two women, it’s snow problem at all.
By Stateside Staff • Mar 8, 2018
Red Bull / Screen grab-YouTube
Stateside's conversation with Angela VanWiemeersch, an ice climber from Southeast Michigan, and Sasha DiGiulian, a world champion rock climber who has come to Michigan to climb ice.
There are many ways to make the most of winter in Michigan, but how about climbing frozen waterfalls?
Counting wolves in the Upper Peninsula
By Steve Carmody • Dec 27, 2017
LITTLE TRAVERSE BAY BANDS OF ODAWA INDIANS
Wildlife specialists will soon be in the woods in Michigan's Upper Peninsula, tracking wolves.
The Department of Natural Resources last conducted a wolf census in 2016, when it estimated more than 600 wolves prowled in the U.P.
The DNR's Kevin Swanson says they don't know what to expect. But he says conditions may be right for an increase in the wolf population.
"We have a lot more deer on the landscape now," says Swanson.
But Swanson says there are other factors, like canine distemper, that could negatively affect the wolf population.
Nurses strike at U.P.'s largest hospital
By Steve Carmody • Oct 5, 2017
Hundreds of nurses are walking a picket line outside the largest hospital in the Upper Peninsula.
Members of the Michigan Nurses Association launched a 48-hour strike against U.P. Health System Marquette on Thursday. The nurses have been working without a contract since May.
Scott Balko is the president of the local nurses’ union. He says staffing issues have become an increasing problem since an out-of-state hospital company acquired three local hospitals in the U.P. in past few years.
Can you get into the Huron Mountain Club? No. Here are 13 things we learned about it.
By Kaye LaFond & Mark Brush • Oct 3, 2017
Listen as Kaye LaFond answers Elizabeth Lindau's MI Curious question on today's Environment Report.
Well... it's not an absolute "no."
It's more of a "probably not," given what we've learned about the Huron Mountain Club in reporting this story.
We'll get to the downright practical ways you might get into the club below. In the meantime, we'll just say it doesn't hurt your chances if you’re Channing Tatum, or related to Henry Ford (and even Ford had trouble getting in).
What’s the tallest waterfall in Michigan?
Kyle Rokos / FLICKR - HTTP://J.MP/1SPGCLO
Stateside's conversation with John Pepin from the Michigan Department of Natural Resources and MI Curious question asker Jim Curtis.
Jim Curtis lives in Ahmeek, a village in Michigan's Keweenaw Peninsula. That's right near the Douglass Houghton Falls.
Curtis said he's always wondered how the height of those falls compares to other waterfalls in Michigan. So he submitted this question to our MI Curious project:
"What is the tallest waterfall in Michigan, and how is that figured out?"
Order Up: Sometimes diner conversations get so heated, you need a "safe word"
By Maya Kroth • Jul 20, 2017
Maya Kroth
At Cops and Doughnuts in Clare, classic tunes play on the stereo while customers line up at the glass display case, waiting to place their orders.
But Bill White isn’t here for the doughnuts.
“I never have a doughnut,” says White. “When you get old enough you can’t eat good stuff anymore. You have to go with fruits and vegetables.”
White has been coming in every Saturday morning, for years, even though he doesn’t partake in the doughnuts or coffee. In fact, White doesn’t order anything at all at Cops and Doughnuts.
How the Federal Reserve Bank is relevant to our lives and local economies
By Stateside Staff • Jun 23, 2017
Stateside's conversation with Neel Kashkari, president and CEO of the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis
Nearly every week you'll hear something about the Federal Reserve Bank. But how often do you think of the Fed and how it affects your local economy?
Survey shows rebound in western U.P. moose population
By Steve Carmody • Jun 12, 2017
The moose population in the western Upper Peninsula appears to be rebounding after taking a dip a few years ago.
Moose were reintroduced into the western U.P. in the 1980s. Their range there covers about 1,400 square miles in parts of Marquette, Baraga, and Iron Counties.
The moose population in the area grew to 451 in 2013 before dropping down to 285 in 2015.
But Michigan Department of Natural Resources spokesman John Pepin says the just completed aerial survey counted 378 moose.
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BREAKING NEWS: Albania 6.4 Earthquake
A devastating earthquake struck Albania on Tuesday, November 26. Rescuers continue to look for survivors as subsequent after shocks add to the damage. The death toll has now risen to 51 (updated) and almost 2,000 injured in Albania's worst earthquake in decades, with hundreds of buildings destroyed. Learn More
Albania Earthquake Emergency
2017 Summer Camp Follow-up event / 5/7/2018
Children who attened Summer Camp 2017 in Bosnia-Herzegovina had a follow-up event which brought much joy in Mostar: Summer Camp is such a glorious time that waiting a whole year for the next one can be hard-going. But children and teens in Mostar, Bosnia-Herzegovina, were blessed to have a l...
A Thank You from Ukraine as they Enter the Fifth Year of Hostilities / 3/1/2018
As the conflict in eastern Ukraine has its fourth anniversary on February 20 2018, Mission Without Borders (MWB) is thanking its staff, volunteers, church partners and donors for not forgetting Ukraine - and for making it possible for us to show Christ's love in a practical way to people affecte...
Changing lives today
We protected, loved and educated 21,300 vulnerable children last year
Empowering Families to stay together
Working with hundreds of families to become self sustaining
Bringing hope to the elderly and the homeless
Partnering with 850 local churches, last year we fed over 167,000 elderly and homeless people
Gifts that change lives
Whether you give chickens or sponsor a family you will meet needs that build a future
What you can do to make a difference
Volunteers are crucial to our team, bringing positive change for young and old
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French desk/
French desk Polish desk China Desk International Civil Service Desk
The European Union has a significant impact on Franco-Belgian legal developments, and the two countries are extremely important trading partners for one another.
Our "French Desk" assists natural or legal persons with advice on transactions and disputes, based on specific Franco-Belgian matters.
The French Desk is a multidisciplinary team, consisting of bilingual lawyers from various fields of expertise. They continuously receive training in comparative law between the two countries (see "Cahiers Franco Belge") and can fall back on a range of networks.
Monard Law boasts years of experience and knowledge and has carefully built high-quality inter-professional networks, allowing it to supply customised services. Furthermore, exceptionally close collaboration with other professional networks provides access to inter-professional coordination and support, guaranteeing that efficient cross-border legal services are supplied.
Examples of French Desk dossiers:
Choosing and founding a company, subsidiary or branch in France taking the social and fiscal consequences into account? What about the status of the director or branch manager?
How should Belgian investors organise the buyout of shares and real estate of an SAS in France, and what are the legal and tax issues involved?
Which country's laws are the most advantageous when setting up an agency or a distribution contract? What are the possibilities for terminating a long-term distribution contract in France and what are the consequences of doing so? Why opt for a branch instead of a subsidiary as an alternative for my distribution channels? Do my products have to be certified?
Is a Belgian sports federation obliged to organise a public tender in order to find its sponsor? Can a French company challenge the fact that the Belgian federation imposes its own sponsor in local events that it organises in Belgium, even outside the competitions at federal level?
How should a lease contract be drawn up between a French company that belongs to Belgian shareholders and that owns real estate with a potential German lessee?
What are the administrative duties involved in employing Belgian manual and office workers in France or seconding them there and vice versa, and what are the consequences of doing so?
How should I organise my Franco-Belgian companies or group structure?
Monard Law, an office with over 80 lawyers, represents experience and knowledge in legal and interdisciplinary assistance and advice, focusing on Belgian or French companies or private individuals and their projects over the border.
The French Desk also extends to all our offices in Belgium, targeting the entire Franco-Belgian territory.
Our team:
Sébastien Verva
Frédéric Lettany
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Mr. Querino's Teacher Website
A Brief History of Time (1991)
Film review by David Sterritt for the March 2014 Blu-ray release of A Brief History of Time by The Criterion Collection
Knotty questions can often be posed in simple ways. The first words we hear in A Brief History of Time, adapted by Errol Morris from the book by physicist Stephen Hawking, present such a question: “Which came first, the chicken or the egg?” Additional questions follow, more imposing but equally to the point: “Did the universe have a beginning, and if so, what happened before then? Where did the universe come from, and where is it going?” Those are fundamental concerns of Hawking’s book, but don’t expect Morris’s film to be a thorny discourse on theoretical cosmology. As we hear those initial words, we see—what else?—a chicken, popping mischievously into view against a backdrop of the star-filled heavens. It’s a perfect prologue to one of the wittiest, most absorbing science movies ever made.
Read the full essay at criterion.com
A Brief History of Time (1991) Part One
A Brief History of Time (1991) Part Two
Mr. Matthew Querino | Algonquin Regional High School | 79 Bartlett Street Northborough, MA 01532 | (508) 351-7010 ext. 1179
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Influencer marketing agency Whalar launches in Asia
February 14, 2019 9:21
by Ravi Balakrishnan
Influencer marketing agency Whalar has started its first office in Asia, based out of Singapore. Matt Sutton has been appointed as CEO of Asia. He was most recently the CEO of ada, the marketing specialist unit of telecom operator Axiata.
When asked why he opted for Whalar, Sutton said: “I wanted to work with a company that delivers great creative content and a business with a technology platform at the centre. Because just ad tech does not tell the whole story.”
The agency intends expanding across the region through 2019. Its global client list includes Unilever, HP, Samsung, Apple, Diageo and Dior.
In a vast glut of social media and influencer marketing focused agencies, Whalar believes it has an edge due to its technology driven model and its investor and chairman, ad man Sir John Hegarty, the founder of BBH.
'Fyre' debacle shows influencers and brands that authenticity is the only way to go
Why social media platforms need to lose the deadweight of fake users and engagement
Whalar claims that unlike other agencies in the space, it does not rely on amassing a vast bank of influencers, and asking them to bid on client assignments. Instead, its technology model allows it to zero in on the most appropriate content creators for every assignment.
These influencers are whetted to ensure they have an authentic, engaged and bot-free fan following, and only then briefed.
Both Whalar and the marketing team of the brand can track the influencers and their activity every step of the way, and make changes, if necessary.
Whalar also claims to be trying to close the loop on the marketing process, tracking the impact the influencer-led activation had on the brand.
Whalar’s Matt Sutton
While it does works with advertising and media agencies, Sutton believes Whalar has the potential to disrupt the traditional marketing communications business. Influencer marketing is estimated to be worth $10 billion by 2020 and he foresees the money shifting out of media budgets.
On the creative front, he said: “If HP, for example, wants 200 shots of a new computer in 50 different locations and want it in 30 days, we can get it done quickly.
“In the traditional agency model, you would need to fly to these places with production and crew, it would take three months and cost $2 million. With our tech, you can search, matchmake, curate, commission and sign off.”
Unilever to clamp down on dishonest influencers in bid to 'restore trust before it's too late'
GetCraft's bid to become the 'Amazon' of the creative industry
Asked if he regarded agencies as ‘frenemies’, Sutton said: “I see all brands and businesses moving towards hybrid models where some capabilities are in-housed, some services provided by broad-ranging agencies and some by specialist partners. That combination will be very specific to the needs and capabilities of the individual brands. “
Asked about the revenue potential of Whalar, Sutton said: “With over half of the world’s population, home to one third of all global marketing budgets and closing in on 45% of all budgets allocated to digital marketing, there is clearly a huge demand here.
“I can see content marketing accounting for 15%-25% of all digital marketing budgets in 2019. Our focus for now is squarely on satisfying customer demands for volume and authenticity of digital content and creative and influencer marketing, rather than specific revenue numbers.”
Speaking about Whalar’s foray into Asia, Akash Mehta global digital manager at LVMH for Dior Parfums said: “Following the success in partnering with Whalar last year, in terms of quality content creation and results, we are truly confident that the same will follow now in Asia.
“Their creative tech plus service model really sets them apart.”
Ravi Balakrishnan
Ravi is the editor at Mumbrella Asia. He has covered the marketing, advertising and media business for over two decades.
topics influencers, Matt Sutton, whalar
Michael 18 Feb 19
What a line. Whalar are well known [Edited under Mumbrella’s community guidelines]. Everyone in the industry knows this.
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Fender partners with Apple Music on subscription app Fender Songs
Fender Musical Instruments Corporation (FMIC) has launched a subscription app called Fender Songs, which will allow users to practice, play along and perform to millions of songs on guitar, ukulele or piano.
The company has partnered with Apple Music to allow users to stream and play along to songs and has inked deals with major publishers including Sony/ATV Music Publishing, Warner Chappell Music, Kobalt and BMG.
Fender has also struck deals with master rights holders such as Warner Music Group to ensure the chords in the app are accurate to the actual music as performed by the artists.
Fender will regularly continue to add tracks to the service as additional licenses are procured from indies and other rights holders.
The app costs $4.99 per month or $41.99 for a 12-month subscription (subscribers also get 10% off guitars, amps and gear on Fender.com and at participating retailers).
At the core of the Fender Songs app is a chord detection application with an algorithm which uses both “complex digital signal processing techniques and deep knowledge in music theory” to automatically detect the chords of every single song in Fender’s music library in just a few seconds.
Fender has also partnered with key service providers such as 7Digital, LyricFind, Music Story and Music Reports as well as Amazon services such as API Gateway / Lambda Serverless, Dynamo DB, AWSCognito, ElasticSearch and more.
Fender Songs marks the fourth app from the company in two years (joining Fender Play, which boasts over 100,000 active paying users, Fender Tone and Fender Tune) and the second subscription app from the company.
Available in the US at launch, Fender Songs can be downloaded exclusively for iPhone and iPod touch in the App Store with plans for iPad and other platforms in the future.
In-app player modes are aligned with how someone might familiarize themselves with a new song, practice parts of it slowly, play it full speed from beginning to end, and then record themselves playing it.
In practice mode, players see the overview of a song with chord charts, lyrics and audio, so they can work through the tune at their own pace.
In play-along mode, players can watch the scrolling chords and lyrics, “karaoke-style,” as they play along with the song in real time.
In perform mode, players can view chord changes and lyrics, and record themselves on their own device without an audio backing track, save to their camera photo/video roll and reference later as a practice tool.
“Goldman Sachs forecasts the number of streaming subscribers to hit 700 million in three years and top 1 billion by 2030; these are staggering numbers that bode well for Fender’s success in both the digital and analogue worlds.”
Andy Mooney, Fender
“Fender Songs we believe will enable players to easily and dramatically expand their song repertoire,” said Andy Mooney, Chief Executive Officer of Fender.
“Working with Apple Music, publishers and record labels, we’ve been able to ensure artist songs are fully licensed, taking our relationships with them to a new level.”
Ethan Kaplan, Fender Digital
Ethan Kaplan, General Manager of Fender Digital, added: “We’re excited to expand our digital products offering with Fender Songs.
“Songs will allow our players to access practically any song they want and provide quick and easy-to-learn chords they can practice directly on the app.
“Working with Apple Music, publishers and record labels, we’ve been able to ensure artist songs are fully licensed, taking our relationships with them to a new level.”Music Business Worldwide
News United States Fender
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By TRISTAN LAVALETTE Associated Press PERTH, Australia (AP) — Prime Minister Scott Morrison was confronted by angry residents who cursed and insulted him Thursday as he visited a wildfire-ravaged corner of the country. Locals in Cobargo, in New South Wales, yelled at him, made obscene ...
Co-creator defends suspected UAE spying app called ToTok
By JON GAMBRELL Associated Press ABU DHABI, United Arab Emirates (AP) — If the popular ToTok video and voice calling app is a spying tool of the United Arab Emirates, that's news to its co-creator. Giacomo Ziani defended his work in an interview with The Associated Press and said he had no ...
Lebanon receives Interpol notice for ex-Nissan fugitive
By BASSEM MROUE and AJ NADDAFF Associated Press BEIRUT (AP) — Interpol issued a wanted notice Thursday for former Nissan chairman Carlos Ghosn, who jumped bail in Japan and fled to Lebanon rather than face trial on financial misconduct charges in a dramatic escape that has confounded and ...
Attack on US Embassy exposes widening US-Iraq divide on Iran
By ROBERT BURNS AP National Security Writer WASHINGTON (AP) — The New Year's Eve attack on the U.S. Embassy compound in Baghdad has exposed a deepening divide between the United States and Iraq over Iran's role there, even as the Pentagon embarks on a more aggressive mission to counter ...
Turkish lawmakers authorize sending troops to fight in Libya
By SUZAN FRASER Associated Press ANKARA, Turkey (AP) — Turkey's parliament on Thursday authorized the deployment of troops to Libya to support the U.N.-backed government in Tripoli that is battling forces loyal to a rival government seeking to capture the capital. Turkish lawmakers voted ...
By QASSIM ABDUL-ZAHRA and JOSEPH KRAUSS Associated Press BAGHDAD (AP) — Iran-backed militiamen withdrew from the U.S. Embassy compound in Baghdad on Wednesday after two days of clashes with American security forces, but U.S.-Iran tensions remain high and could spill over into further ...
Baghdad embassy attack prompts Pompeo to delay Ukraine visit
WASHINGTON (AP) — The breach of the U.S. Embassy compound in Baghdad has prompted Secretary of State Mike Pompeo to postpone his trip to Ukraine and four other countries. Pompeo was to arrive in Ukraine late Thursday in his first visit to the country at the center of President Donald Trump's ...
Police, protesters clash in New Year’s rally in Hong Kong
HONG KONG (AP) — Hundreds of thousands of people packed Hong Kong streets for an annual New Year's Day protest march as the monthslong pro-democracy movement extended into 2020 with further violence between police and demonstrators. Police said they arrested some 400 people for unlawful ...
Global air crash deaths fall by more than half in 2019
By DAVID McHUGH AP Business Writer FRANKFURT, Germany (AP) — The number of deaths in major air crashes around the globe fell by more than half in 2019, according to a report by an aviation consulting firm. The To70 consultancy said Wednesday that 257 people died in eight fatal accidents in ...
Attack on US Embassy in Iraq shows stark choices for Trump
By ROBERT BURNS and ELLEN KNICKMEYER Associated Press WASHINGTON (AP) — The attack on the U.S. Embassy compound in Baghdad by Iran-supported militiamen Tuesday is a stark demonstration that Iran can still strike at American interests despite President Donald Trump's economic pressure ...
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Yamaha Unveils Two Cruiser-Esque Concept Motorcycles For The 2005 Tokyo Motor Show, The Gen-Ryu And MAXAM 3000
Yamaha Unveiled Two Very Different Concept Bikes For The 2005 Tokyo Motor Show.
Been wondering what Buck Rogers has been up to? Looks like he might have been consulting with Yamaha's concept-bike designers, judging by the two sort-of-cruisers Yamaha has prepared for the 2005 Tokyo Motor Show.
The first, the Gen-Ryu is a true hybrid, both because of its power source, a 600cc R6 sportbike engine mated to a high-output electric motor, but for its cruiser/scooter/sportbike styling. Yamaha's site offers the following about the Gen-Ryu:
Gen-Ryu
This model is a proposal for a "High-performance Hybrid Motorcycle." Based on Yamaha's "Genesis" design ideal and the new "G.E.N.I.C.H." ideal reflecting the latest electronic control technologies, this model combines the lightweight, compact YZF-R6 600cc engine and a high output, high efficiency electric motor. It is designed to offer both the joy of handling of a motorcycle and the comfort and carrying capacity of a scooter. Features like the lightweight aluminum CF die-cast body with optimized rigidity balance, large diameter wheels and long wheelbase give this model running performance and handling similar to a 1,000cc class machine.
Furthermore, as Yamaha H.M.I. (Human Machine Interface) systems, this model adopts ASV (Advanced Safety Vehicle) features aimed at preventative safety functions and smart functions for increasing rider comfort. The ASV functions include (1) a vehicle-vehicle distance warning system using the latest communications technologies, (2) a cornering light system that improves nighttime vision when turning at intersections and curves, The smart functions include (1) a noise canceling system that greatly reduces wind noise, (2) a short wave tandem intercom system, (3) voice navigation function, (4) music player and hand-free cell phone function and (5) rear view monitoring system using a CCD camera and LCD display.
Yamaha's announcement, below, also uses the term "cruiser" to describe its MAXAM 3000 concept prototype. The 3000 is a measurement of the vehicle's overall length (118 inches) in millimeters, nit its displacement, which isn't specified. The MAXAM 3000's name is reminiscent of Yamaha's Maxim performance cruisers of the 1980s, and its chrome and leather finishes give a certain cruiser sensibility, but the vehicle is actually more of a stretched futuristic retro scooter. We appreciate the lack of acronyms in Yamaha description:
MAXAM 3000
Developing on the base of the popular urban tandem cruiser "MAXAM," this is Yamaha's proposal for a new type of big cruiser with the design concept of a "weekend leisure cruiser." Building on the MAXAM's "low & long" body design, this model boasts a completely new "pick-up" styling that includes focus on important things like storage space in its under-seat compartment. In addition to the big added stretch of overhang front and rear, touches like abundant use of chrome parts and a genuine leather seat bring a sense of true quality such as never seen before in a big scooter. (The 3000 in the model name is for its 3,000mm length).
Unfortunately, Yamaha hasn't released any large images of the bikes yet, just the thumbnails we have here.
Gen-Ryu concept motorcycle
MAXAM 3000 concept bike
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A peanut allergy cure for children could be on the horizon, following successful trials
The probiotic-based idea is simple, yet effective
By Jenny L. Cook
billnollGetty Images
It's one of the most common food allergies there is, but could our sensitivity to peanuts soon be cured with a simple probiotic treatment? Scientists in Australia think they may have finally found the solution to long-term peanut problems in children following a successful medical trial, leading experts to question whether such a solution could be applied to other food allergies, too.
The small trial, undertaken by the Murdoch Children's Research Institute, monitored 48 children with nut allergies over the course of several years. For the initial 18 months, the participants were treated with an experimental immunotherapy treatment that involved taking a probiotic called lactobacillus rhamnosus – either with a peanut protein or a placebo – every day.
It was found that 80% of those consuming the peanut protein were then able to eat nuts without any reactions – a result which lessened slightly over the remaining years to 70%. Lead researcher Professor Mimi Tang explained:
"The probiotic acts on the immune system, encourages the immune system to generate a protective, or tolerance, response rather than allergy. When given regularly over time, we hope to see the immune system recognise the antigen."
She added:
"We had children who came into the study allergic to peanuts, having to avoid peanuts in their diet, being very vigilant around that, carrying a lot of anxiety. At the end of treatment, and even four years later, many of these children who had benefited from our probiotic peanut therapy could now live like a child who didn't have peanut allergy."
Professor Tang described the treatment as "a major step forward," and said she believes the science could also benefit people suffering from other food-based allergies, too.
Glow CuisineGetty Images
Peanuts: When to worry
It is estimated that about 1% of the world's population has some form of peanut allergy, which are infamous for their severity. Indeed, nut allergies are the most common cause of anaphylaxis – a life-threatening reaction that affects the whole body within minutes of exposure to certain substances. Symptoms of anaphylactic shock include the following:
Light-headedness
Breathing difficulties, such as fast, shallow breathing. This is often caused by swelling in the mouth and throat.
A fast heartbeat
Confusion and panic
Individuals who are aware of their susceptibility to anaphylaxis will carry an EpiPen or other adrenaline auto-injector with them, and this must be used as soon as possible following a reaction. Anaphylaxis must be treated quickly, so call 999 straight away and remove any potential triggers that could have caused the reaction.
While the above findings are undoubtedly a step in the right direction for those suffering with food allergies, other, larger trials will be needed before any potential product can be made available to the public.
Jenny L. Cook Jenny Cook is an award-winning writer and editor who covers health and personal finance.
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School research
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Do you have a spirit for discovery? Is there a topic you’ve always wanted to explore? Delve into a humanities and social science specialisation and uncover what lies beneath the human experience.
With a Master of Philosophy (MPhil) or Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) you’ll have the opportunity to pursue your passion under the guidance of world-recognised leaders in the field.
Australian students are currently exempt from paying tuition fees for MPhil and PhD study. As a domestic student you are awarded a tuition fee scholarship for your higher degree by research (HDR) program under the Australian Government’s Research Training Program (RTP): four years full-time (or part-time equivalent) for a PhD, or two years full-time (or part-time equivalent) for Research Masters. You will be required to complete your degree within the RTP entitlement period.
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The main type of financial support available to both domestic and international graduate researchers is in the form of scholarships.
Even if you don't have an Honours or Masters degree, you can apply to undertake a Research Masters, and, depending on progress, transfer to a PhD after your first full-time year of study. Applications are assessed on a case-by-case basis.
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Accredited Live and Interactive learning, online
Tute is a UK leader in facilitating learning online; supporting schools in making the best teaching available to all, irrespective of location or background. Tute's experienced teachers use a Learning Cloud to deliver engaging live lessons to support intervention, curriculum enrichment or increase teaching capacity.
Learning continues between lessons on Social Spaces which allow students to collaborate, learn together and extend their thinking. Tute has delivered 15,000 hours of lessons to over 400 schools and 350,000 students. Partners in learning include Durham University, Shireland Collegiate Academy and Achievement for All.
In January 2017 we won the BETT award for ICT Tools for Learning, Teaching and Assessment- Whole school teaching aids, where the judges recognised the combination of Tute’s excellent teaching with our own platform delivered improved outcomes for children.
Tute is associated with pupil premium award-winning schools and are commissioned directly by the DfE. The impact of our interventions has been subject to positive recognition from Ofsted in the context of their inspection reporting and the Welsh Government have published their recommendation of Tute’s interventions to student entitled to the pupil deprivation grant. We are also listed on the government digital marketplace G-Cloud 9 framework as a provider of cloud hosting, software and support.
Tute's virtual classrooms do much to overcome real barriers to learning. The combination of computer, headset and Tute's proven pedagogy creates a compelling learning situation. We are commissioned for reasons ranging from time-limited interventions to achieve specific objectives to being integral to a whole school curriculum offer and contributing to alternative provision offers when access to mainstream settings is not possible.
The pedagogy we have developed is based on Assessment for Learning, Bloom’s taxonomy and metacognition to ensure effective learning in every lesson. We want to ensure the students develop a higher level of understanding every step of the journey with Tute.
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Our virtual classrooms overcome many barriers to education faced by vulnerable children and young people. They offer a comfortable degree of anonymity that raise confidence and reduces distractions for those who may not successfully engage in traditional teaching situations.
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How Shireland Collegiate Academy use Tute. from Tute on Vimeo.
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New England Aviation History
from author and historian Jim Ignasher
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You are here: Home / Connecticut – Civil / Bethany, CT. – March 2, 1932
Bethany, CT. – March 2, 1932
Bethany, Connecticut – March 2, 1932
On the afternoon of March 2, 1932, Elliot R. McCune, (27), took off from Bethany Airport in a Cairns Airplane, (Ser. No. X-329V) for a test flight. (He has been mistakenly identified as Ellis McKeon in some newspaper accounts.)
The aircraft belonged to the Cairns Aircraft Corporation of 62 Rubber Avenue, Naugatuck, Connecticut, and was registered as experimental. It was of a sleek mono-wing design, built entirely of metal. The airplane was originally fitted with a 90 h.p. motor, but that had recently been replaced by a 165 h.p. motor.
McCune was an experienced pilot and well known throughout New England having flown as a stunt-pilot and “barnstormer”. He’d observed the experimental aircraft during several recent visits to the airport and was granted permission to fly it. Prior to the flight he’d been informed that the airplane had been flown several times the previous day where it had been subjected to stunt flying without any negative results.
While high over the area of the airport, McCune began putting the airplane through a series of aerobatic maneuvers, during which one of the wings suddenly broke away. As the aircraft plunged towards the earth McCune appeared to bail out, but at the time he left the plane he was barely 500 feet from the ground and his chute didn’t have time to open. The airplane was destroyed on impact, and McCune’s body landed several hundred feet away. It was further reported that he may have been struck in the head by a portion of the wing when it separated from the aircraft.
Bethany Airport closed in 1965.
The Cairns Aircraft Corporation was established by Captain Edmund B. Cairns in 1928, and between 1931 and 1932 the company manufactured five experimental aircraft which were tested at the Bethany Airport.
The aircraft were all-metal mono-planes with radial engines. They carried two people, seated in tandem, in pen cockpits. The landing gear was equipped with wheel fairings for better aerodynamics.
The engines were designed by the Kimball Aircraft Corporation, founded by Leo B. Kimball of New Haven, Connecticut. The Kimball Corp. was in operation from 1927 to about 1932. Kimball and Cairns reportedly collaborated on the five experimental aircraft.
What happened to the other aircraft is unknown.
Source: Atlantic Flyer, “Connecticut Historian looking For Cairns Aircraft”, July, 1993, page A-20
Unknown newspaper, “Pilot Killed In Plane Crash At Bethany”, unknown date.
Waterbury Republican, Scene Of Air Tragedy In Bethany”, (photo and caption.)
New Haven Journal-Courier, “Wing Torn From Plane In Dive”, (Photo), March 3, 1932
Naugatuck News, “State Investigating Bethany Air Crash”, unknown date.
New Haven Evening Register, “Wrecked Plane That Cost Wallingford Man’s Life”, March 3, 1932, page 1
New Haven Evening Register, “Girl sees Flier Plunge To Death”, March 3, 1932
Filed Under: Connecticut – Civil Tagged With: Bethany Airport History, Bethany Connecticut Plane Crash, Cairns Aircraft Corporation, Cairns Airplane, Cairns Airplane Crash, Cairns Airplane X-329V, Captain Edmund B. Cairns, Connecticut Experimental Plane Crash, Elliot R. McCune, Experimental Aircraft X-329V, Kimball Aircraft Corporation, Leo B. Kimball, New England Experimental Plane Crash
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Home Sports Milan, meeting with Raiola: off to negotiations for Ibrahimovic
Milan, meeting with Raiola: off to negotiations for Ibrahimovic
MILAN – Mino Raiola at Casa Milan. The Italian-Dutch agent met the Rossoneri executives. Many issues on the agenda as Raiola manages Donnarumma and Bonaventura, and in recent weeks has also taken over the prosecutor's offices of Romagnoli and Suso. But Raiola is above all the representative of Zlatan Ibrahimovic, a player who is on Milan's wish list for the January market.
Complicated renewals
From Casa Milan it is noted that the winter session will open in a month and a half, so it is too early to get to the heart of the operation. There is no lack of other themes starting from the contract renewals of Donnarumma and Bonaventura, the most urgent because the goalkeeper expires in June 2021 (without an extension the value of his card is likely to depreciate much next summer) and the former atalantino has a agreement even shorter, until June 30th. The contractual horizon of Romagnoli and Suso instead reaches until 2022. They will not be easy negotiations because the current policy of Milan is directed towards the containment of engagements. And Raiola is certainly not the ideal counterpart in these situations.
Exploratory meeting
But obviously Ibrahimovic's argument was addressed. Indeed, it was the topic that occupied most of the conversation. Milan is among the suitors of the Swede who left the Los Angeles Galaxy. It was the first exploratory meeting between the parties to start the negotiation. An answer to the other Italian company strongly interested in the striker, Bologna, which met the player in the past few days in California with Marco Di Vaio's journey across the Atlantic. Ibrahimovic will decide what to do in mid-December. First of all, the 38-year-old striker must choose whether to continue or leave football. A very personal evaluation. In this moment, in fact, it is above all Ibrahimovic who evaluates the options available.
Distances to be reduced
Raiola cannot enter into this consideration, which belongs above all to the player. But he takes care of the less sporty part. And after today's meeting at Casa Milan the agent has a few more elements to complete the picture of the expected decision in just over three weeks. The economic demands are significant. There was talk of about one million a month of engagement. These are not easy figures for Elliott, who intends to control the salary of the Milan rose. The player should partially reduce these claims. The next few weeks will tell if the parties will be able to find a meeting point.
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Protagonists:
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Home | Newsfront
Tags: APFN | US | TEC | Zuckerberg | 2018 Challenge
Facebook CEO's 2018 Challenge: Fix Facebook
BARBARA ORTUTAY Thursday, 04 January 2018 08:13 PM
Mark Zuckerberg says his "personal challenge" for 2018 is to fix Facebook.
The Facebook CEO has declared a goal each year since 2009. Past challenges have included wearing a tie every day, learning to speak Mandarin and eating meat only from animals he killed himself. Last year, he visited every U.S. state he hadn't been to yet.
This year, though, his challenge is directed at his company rather than personal ambitions. Zuckerberg wrote Thursday that he wants to focus this year on protecting Facebook users from abuse, defending against interference by nation-states and "making sure that time spent on Facebook is time well spent."
In other words, he wants to do his job as Facebook's CEO.
"This may not seem like a personal challenge on its face, but I think I'll learn more by focusing intensely on these issues than I would by doing something completely separate," Zuckerberg wrote.
He added that while Facebook won't prevent all mistakes or abuse, "we currently make too many errors."
Facebook had a tough 2017. It testified before Congress about Russian election meddling using its platform and drew harsh criticism from early employees and investors about its role in the world.
But Zuckerberg also has little choice but to fix Facebook's problems. Regulators in Washington, Europe and elsewhere are expecting concrete results. And while the platform has more than 2 billion users, there is nothing to guarantee they will stay and keep using Facebook as much as they do now if they feel depressed, lied to with fake news and hoaxes and manipulated by foreign powers.
Zuckerberg compared this year's challenge to the first one he did nine years ago. It wasn't so much about him back then either, but about the social platform he created.
"That first year the economy was in a deep recession and Facebook was not yet profitable. We needed to get serious about making sure Facebook had a sustainable business model. It was a serious year, and I wore a tie every day as a reminder," he wrote. "Today feels a lot like that first year."
But fixing deep-rooted, existential problems is a taller order than turning a profit.
Many of Facebook's problems are deeply rooted in how it's set up and why it's been so successful, financially and otherwise. Its secret formulas give users the content they are most likely to interact with and what's most likely to keep them coming back for more. Sometimes, that's heartfelt posts by their friends but other times it's viral fake news stories or inflammatory comments about political candidates.
APFN, US, TEC, Zuckerberg, 2018 Challenge
Thursday, 04 January 2018 08:13 PM
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NOVEMBER 6, 2019 Updated November 9, 2019
Melanie Reid
Melanie Reid is Newsroom's lead current affairs and investigations journalist
Mark Jennings
Mark Jennings is co-editor of Newsroom. He writes about media, business, and tertiary education. Twitter: @jmjenningsnz
Starving chickens rescued from failed free-range farm
*Watch the full video in the player above*
Thousands of chickens, many in very poor condition, have been rescued from a rundown free-range farm in West Auckland.
When Newsroom visited Best Eggs in Massey, it found that thousands of chickens had been living in extremely overcrowded shipping containers.
An egg farmer from South Auckland, who is saving many of the birds by relocating them to his own free-range farm, said the conditions were the most appalling he had ever witnessed.
He spoke to us on the condition of anonymity.
“When we came down the hill to the farm the chickens started desperately running towards us. They usually run away when a stranger approaches but they were starving.
“We opened the doors to the buildings and the most terrible stench hit us. There were eggs everywhere, all over the floor, partly because there weren’t enough laying boxes, nowhere near enough, but also because the workers hadn’t collected them. They told me they hadn’t been paid for four months.
“I estimate they had 6000 chickens in a space that you would normally have 1000. For that number of chickens you need 60 drinkers, but there was only four in operation.”
It's estimated 6000 chickens were packed into a space that would normally have 1000.
The farmer says he hopes to rehabilitate between 3000-4000 chickens and is paying $3 each for the birds. He hopes to on-sell the birds once they have regained weight and been treated for parasites.
“Many of the older birds have not been fed properly for two years and have never laid an egg, we can tell that by looking at their body condition and bone structure."
A vet found the flock was infested with lice, red mites and scaly leg mites.
A post-mortem examination revealed the chickens also had tapeworms.
About 400 of the 6000 chickens were beyond saving and have been destroyed.
The sole director of Best Eggs, Paul Greef, said he accepted his share of responsibility for state of the chickens.
“I have found myself in a very tough situation but I wholeheartedly own my part in the situation.”
Greef, an Auckland IT worker, said he was a financial backer of the business which got into trouble by growing too quickly.
Greef said he and his partner started by leasing space at the Massey property and farming 2000 birds but the business had grown quickly to 6000 birds housed in six shipping containers.
“We operated three flocks of chickens and the aim was to rotate them around the land but my partner grew the business too fast.”
At its peak the company was understood to be producing 4000 eggs a day.
Greef says things started to fall apart when his partner left the company and he decided to advertise it for sale.
Businessman John Denize emerged as a likely buyer.
Twice a discharged bankrupt – 2001-2004 and 2012-2015 – Denize was also a director of the failed grocer chain Nosh, which went under owing 100 staff $300,000 in wages.
"John Denize came along after he saw the business advertised, but the negotiations for him to buy it dragged on and we came to an agreement for him to have an operating lease.
"John decided to consolidate everything into one location on the farm and run it with as little labour input as possible.
"He reduced the floor space and I don’t think there was enough feeders."
Denize did not return Newsroom’s call.
Greef says he was left in a difficult situation after Denize departed the business two months ago .
“Looks like my only option is liquidation but at least the birds are taken care of. This is my first business venture and I’ve learned some lessons.”
Newsroom understands a liquidator outlined a plan to slaughter the birds before selling off the equipment but some have been sold on Trade Me and the rest to other free-range egg farmers.
Greef confirmed that the farm had been put on a “risk management plan” by MPI and had been visited by inspectors five days ago.
An MPI spokesman said: "An MPI animal welfare inspector had been conducting inspections and was working with the owner to ensure concerns regarding proper feeding, housing of birds and general state of the farm were alleviated. The owner was later formally directed to take corrective action in relation to subsequent animal welfare issues identified, and given a period of time to implement these actions. The last inspection was in October 31.
"Not enough progress was being made and it became clear that the farm was struggling to meet their obligations due to a variety of reasons.
"We were also aware that there was substantial de-stocking taking place, which we supported as it was addressing immediate animal welfare issues.
'We are investigating further and will determine whether charges are filed."
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Brooke Shields: Reporters Checked Mother Out Of Nursing Home For ‘Tabloid Story’
Published at 12:45 pm on May 16, 2009
Brooke Shields' mother, Teri, was reportedly checked out of her nursing home on Thursday by National Enquirer journalists looking for a "tabloid story," the star claimed to People.
Teri, 75, has dementia and was reportedly found next door at a restaurant in Old Tappan, New Jersey, later that day talking to a reporter.
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"I intend to take every lawful action against all who were involved or who authorized this despicable act," Brooke said in a statement to People.
"For her safety, she has temporarily been in a senior living facility, a very difficult decision for me," the star continued. "Late Thursday afternoon, I was alerted by Old Tappan Police that my mother had been signed out of the facility by two reporters of the National Enquirer … who falsely claimed they were friends of hers."
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Brooke went on to call the alleged actions "reprehensible and disgusting," claiming that "they then drove my 75-year-old mother around looking for a tabloid story. As anyone who has a parent who suffers from dementia or Alzheimer's, it is one of the most difficult experiences you can go through as a son or daughter."
Old Tappan Police Department Captain Thomas Shine told the mag that Teri "wasn't harmed in any way shape or form" when they found her at the restaurant with what he calls "some form of journalist, I think a freelance journalist."
Officers were called to the nursing home at 3 PM on Thursday after Teri had been checked out, he added.
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"It was more along the lines that she had been allowed to leave, based upon their protocol or policy," he said.
The journalist "did sign her out and was allowed to leave by personnel," he continued, adding that "the part we're investigating here is who allowed her to leave the facility. It appears that there were some permissions that were given for Mrs. Shields by the family, be they written, be they verbal – we're investigating – to allow her visitation for a variety of different reasons."
Reportedly, no charges have been filed as of yet.
Spokespersons for the National Enquirer and the Old Tappan police did not immediately return inquiries when contacted by Access Hollywood.
PLAY IT NOW: How Did Brooke Shields Save Robert Pattinson?
PLAY IT NOW: Brooke Shields' Baby Book
MORE ACCESS ON THESE TOPICS: Brooke Shields - Parenthood - Celebrities - Crime
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Banks Blame Government
Published at 10:50 pm on February 2, 2009
Banks that are being scolded by the government for not lending are blaming a new obstacle: The government itself.
Fearing more bank failures, federal regulators are forcing institutions to hold more money in reserve and scrutinizing loans. But bank executives complain that the extra oversight thwarts their ability to quickly pump billions of bailout dollars into the ailing economy.
Banks say they are caught in a frustrating Catch-22: How can they make more loans when creditworthy borrowers are scarce, their balance sheets are saddled with bad debt and regulators are hounding them to horde cash?
"We want to lend, but the regulators are flat-out telling us, 'Get your capital up.' Then there's Congress telling you to lend it all out," said Greg Melvin, a board member at FNB Corp., a Hermitage, Penn.-based bank that got $100 million in bailout money.
"Two arms of the government are saying exactly the opposite thing — it's ridiculous," added Melvin, who is also chief investment officer at investment firm C.S. McKee.
Regulators say they are only being careful, and they deny slowing lending.
"We don't believe that prudence and increased lending are mutually exclusive — they go hand in hand," said Andrew Gray, a spokesman for the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.
The tit-for-tat marks the latest problem for the government's financial bailout, known as the Troubled Asset Relief Program, or TARP.
The government rolled out the $700 billion bailout late last year, hoping that injecting money into banks would expand lending and ease the credit crisis. But in a survey released Monday, the Federal Reserve said many banks are making it harder to get credit cards, mortgages and other loans.
Regulators have long required banks to keep a minimum level of capital on their books to stay in business. It was typically a figure equal to 10 percent of assets.
But as the financial crisis has worsened, many banks say they have been told to keep capital equal to at least 12 percent of assets. At the same time, regulators are combing through banks' loan applications and flagging those considered too risky.
It's unclear how broadly the stricter rules are being applied. But interviews with bank executives indicate that both healthy and troubled banks are facing more stringent oversight, regardless of whether they have received bailout money.
The goal is to keep banks from getting into more trouble. But to comply, some banks say they have little choice but to scale back lending — sometimes even to creditworthy borrowers.
Four government regulators oversee the country's roughly 8,500 federally insured banks and thrifts: the FDIC, the Office of Thrift Supervision, the Federal Reserve Board, and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency.
Regulators shut down 25 banks last year and closed three so far this year because their capital levels fell too low. Meanwhile, regulators have ordered several banks to stop lending until they get more capital.
But the credit crisis has made it harder for banks to raise private capital. And the government doesn't want to give bailout money to banks that might later fail.
The harsh climate has taken a toll on banks such as Los Angeles-based First Federal Bank of California. It was forced to halt lending last month after its regulator, the Office of Thrift Supervision, said it needed more cash to absorb future losses on adjustable-rate mortgages.
Chief executive Babette Heimbuch said her bank wanted to keep lending but had a "difference of opinion" with the OTS over what its cumulative losses were and how quickly it will see them.
"They basically told us to stop lending," she said.
While the Treasury wants banks to lend, "the regulators have a whole different mindset: They want to protect the insurance funds," Heimbuch said, referring to money that regulators use to insure bank deposits.
Regulators see things differently.
William Ruberry, a spokesman for the OTS, said its No. 1 mission is to safeguard the institutions it oversees. He denied that such efforts were slowing lending.
"We want our institutions to lend, but we want them to lend in a safe and sound way," Ruberry said. "We think creditworthy borrowers shouldn't have a hard time finding loans."
But banking professionals say it's inevitable that tougher capital requirements for banks will reduce lending.
"There's just no doubt," said Stephen Wilson, CEO of LCNB National Bank in Lebanon, Ohio, which got $13.4 million in government capital. "If regulators tighten lending standards," fewer loans will be made.
Some of the banks' biggest critics reject that argument.
"I'm skeptical," Democratic Rep. Barney Frank of Massachusettes, chairman of the House Financial Services Committee, told The Associated Press in an interview. "If you're a bank that has TARP money, then you have more capital and you should be able to lend."
Frank said the Obama administration would push for more lending by banks that get bailout money. But others fear such efforts could backfire by forcing banks to lower lending standards.
"We're trying to get out of a credit problem, so the last thing you want is for banks to go out and make more bad loans," said Bert Ely, a longtime banking analyst in Alexandria, Va.
William Dunkelberg, chairman of Liberty Bell Bank in Cherry Hill, N.J., said regulators have forced his bank to set aside more capital in case their loans go bad — "even though we don't have any problems."
"We argued like crazy, but they're just being very cautious," Dunkelberg said.
Could the Obama administration and Congress simply tell regulators to lighten up on the banks?
Technically, yes.
Eugene Ludwig, a former comptroller of the currency, has advocated a "capital holiday" that would temporarily let banks draw down their capital and unclog lending.
But that plan carries risks, too. With less money on their books, banks will have a smaller cushion to protect themselves against losses. They would be at greater danger of failing if the economy worsened.
In the meantime, banks are adjusting to life with regulators constantly looking over their shoulder.
At First Federal Bank of California, Heimbuch said business is running as normal — albeit with no lending. She said her bank is trying to attract more capital. But she conceded there were no guarantees.
"You never know when a regulator is going to say enough is enough," she said.
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Besieged troops plead to UN
21 Nov, 2001 11:37pm 5 minutes to read
Inhalation anthrax kills 5th American
22 Nov, 2001 10:02am 2 minutes to read
Tonga to expel race-hate victims
By PAUL RAFFAELE and MATHEW DEARNALEY
Tonga has begun moves to expel many of its Chinese residents after a wave of ethnic violence against them.
Police in Nuku'alofa say there have been about 100 cases of Tongans assaulting Chinese, in some cases burning shops.
The tiny kingdom's chief immigration officer, Susana Fotu, said more than 600 Chinese storekeepers and their families would be given a year to leave when their work permits expired.
The Government was acting with "Polynesian courtesy" in giving them time to get their affairs in order. The policy had yet to be made public but was on the initiative of the Prime Min-ister, Prince 'Ulakalala Lavaka Ata, youngest child of King Taufa'ahau Tupou IV.
The ailing 83-year-old King called this month for thousands more Chinese to be welcomed to Tonga, but Ms Fotu said his son was responding to widespread anger at the growing presence of the storekeepers and to fear that they would dominate the economy.
It is understood the King has not been told about the crackdown on the Chinese.
He told a Herald correspondent that Tongans could learn from the virtues of hard work and saving practised by Chinese.
"Only lazy Tongans don't want the Chinese here - hard-working Tongans welcome them."
But other members of the royal family feel under mounting pressure to take drastic action against the newcomers, and the Chinese Embassy in Tonga admits to being concerned about the violence towards its nationals.
Resentment is fuelled by unemployment well into double figures. Only about a quarter of the 2000 young people who leave school each year are able to find jobs without moving to New Zealand or elsewhere.
The main influx of Chinese began in the mid-1990s on work permits promoted by the royal family.
Auckland-based Tongan pro-democracy lawyer Nalesoni Tupou said last night that hardly a day went by without a case of ethnic violence coming before the kingdom's courts.
He was due back there next year to defend three young Tongans accused of kidnapping and assaulting Chinese shopkeepers.
Harvey Weinstein's dark days
'Kidphony' not my idea of holiday fun
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You Asked, We Answered: Why Are There SO Many "Houses of Pizza" In New Hampshire?
By Jimmy Gutierrez • Feb 16, 2018
Matthew Jones from Hudson and I share a common beef with New Hampshire: a serious lack of great pizza. Matthew reached out to us through our Only in New Hampshire project, in which we do our best to answer listener questions about quirks of the Granite State.
He wrote to us with a question (or three) about New Hampshire pizza:
Why does every town have a House of Pizza? And why is every House of Pizza exclusively the Greek style of pizza? And why is the Greek pizza so popular here?
Nashua Approves $15.5 Million Performing Arts Center
By Robert Garrova • Feb 14, 2018
The Nashua Board of aldermen voted Tuesday to approve a new $15.5 million performing arts center. All but one of the aldermen voted for the complex, which is set to go in at the Alec’s shoe store building on Main Street.
Late last year the Board voted against the project, with some citing cost as a factor.
Big Brother and the Tax Man
By Justine Paradis • Feb 9, 2018
New Hampshire is one of 9 states without a state income tax, and one of just two states without a broad-based sales tax either.
Democrat or Republican, almost every serious candidate for governor takes the Pledge: a promise that they won't even consider a broad-based state income or sales tax.
When listener Mary Douglas moved to New Hampshire in 2005, she couldn't make sense of the state's strong anti-tax sentiment. For our "Only in NH" series, she asked us: why doesn't New Hampshire have a state income tax?
Foodstuffs: As the Portsmouth VFW Closes, the New 'Statey' Emerges
By Peter Biello • Feb 8, 2018
Peter Biello/NHPR
Last week the VFW Post 168's bar and banquet hall on Deer Street in Portsmouth was sold. Mounting costs and competition prompted the sale, leaving members of the VFW without a permanent home.
The day after that sale, an NHPR producer and I went to Portsmouth to learn more about what this means for the veterans who used it, and what the new owner has planned.
Black Theater in N.H.'s (Very White) Upper Valley? Why Not?
By Britta Greene • Feb 8, 2018
James Napoli
New works in progress by black playwrights will be performed this weekend in the Upper Valley. The festival is sponsored by JAG productions, a relatively new black theater company that’s been drawing audiences across western New Hampshire and eastern Vermont.
Listen to the broadcast version of this story
All The Benefits of Sherbrooke, Without All The Headaches
By Taylor Quimby • Feb 2, 2018
When the state of New Hampshire submitted a bid to Amazon , throwing Londonderry into the ring as home for the company’s second headquarters, they summed up their case like this: "All the benefits of Boston… without all the headaches."
Of course, that logic doesn't really apply if you live in New Hampshire's northernmost towns, where the closest city of size is Sherbrooke, Quebec. In this episode, as part of NHPR's series "The Balance", we look at arts, culture and economy north of the notches.
Plus, New Hampshire filmmaker and visual artist Amy Jenkins on her film Instructions on Parting, which premiers at MOMA later this month.
10-Minute Writer's Workshop: The Last Line
By Sara Plourde • Feb 1, 2018
After more than two years and 60 episodes, we are signing off, to make room for new projects and podcasts (but episodes will continue to live online if you’re looking for a dose of inspiration). Thanks to everybody who listened and learned from the show! For other literary offerings from NHPR, check out: The Bookshelf, featuring authors from around New Hampshire and the region, as well as books about New Hampshire by authors from anywhere. Writers on a New England Stage
Silent’s Songs: Keeping Alive an Old Hollywood Tradition
By Todd Bookman • Jan 28, 2018
Jeff Rapsis is a hard man to shut up once he gets going on his favorite subject. Ask him about how silent movies used to be staged, and Rapsis overwhelms you with information, a walking Wikipedia entry with actor anecdotes and deep history at his fingertips. He’s been into the genre since he was a kid growing up in Nashua.
Foodstuffs: In Manchester, Distillery Gear Maker Has High Hopes For Homemade Liquor Bill
By Peter Biello • Jan 25, 2018
Making your own liquor at home is illegal under federal law. A bill in the New Hampshire House right now would legalize the distilling of a limited amount of alcohol in the same way the state regulates in-home production of wine and beer. One local entrepreneur who sells stills is hoping the bill will provide a boost to his business.
In a workshop off Depot Street in Manchester, foreman Jeremy Burrows rolls a beautifully-shined sheet of copper through a machine to emboss it.
Foodstuffs: N.H. Man Fights For 'Lunch Equality'
When an elementary or middle school student can't pay for lunch, that student will run up lunch debt. Students with debt are sometimes given an "alternative meal" instead of a hot lunch, and that could lead to shame and embarrassment. Recently a man in North Haverhill launched an effort to wipe out kids' lunch debt in his local schools...and is now promoting what he calls "lunch equality."
Bookstore in Downtown Manchester to Serve as Community Gathering Place
By Rick Ganley & Mary McIntyre • Jan 5, 2018
Abhi Sharma / Wikimedia Commons
Downtown Manchester and the Millyard have undergone redevelopment over the past decade with the opening of new restaurants and shops. But now residents are getting an independent bookstore.
Morning Edition Host Rick Ganley spoke with Liz Hitchcock, co-owner of The Bookery Manchester, which will open this spring. And she plans to make this bookstore more than another retail establishment downtown, but also a gathering place for the community.
10-Minute Writer's Workshop: Manoush Zomorodi
By Sara Plourde • Dec 27, 2017
Some of you may know Manoush Zomorodi as host of the podcast Note to Self from WNYC. She is also, now, an author. Her book Bored and Brilliant: How Spacing Out Can Unlock Your Most Productive and Creative Self came out of her own experience and curiosity about the creative process and confronting digital distractions - one of the biggest challenges for writers. She asked her audience to help her figure out what it would mean to let all of that go and to learn to shut down in order to build your creative juices up.
Farm-to-Table Facts and Fiction
By Ben Henry • Dec 22, 2017
As the farm-to-table movement caught on nation-wide, a cohort of farmers, chefs, and organizers put in the legwork to make local food possible here in New Hampshire.
This week on Word of Mouth, we trace the history of local food in the state, and we address a listener's question: How can you distinguish real, authentic local food from the dizzying display of marketing gimmicks?
We also hang out with a local arts collective on the seacoast, and we sit down with National Book Award-winning poet Frank Bidart.
Foodstuffs: Brewery Crafts Menopause Beer To Celebrate Women Going Through 'The Change'
By Peter Biello • Dec 14, 2017
And now it’s time for Foodstuffs, our regular look at food and food culture in the Granite State.
A new beer on tap at Portsmouth Brewery does more than give you a buzz. It aims to ease the symptoms of menopause. It’s called Libeeration, and several years ago, when Joanne Francis pitched the idea to her colleagues at the brewery, the men didn’t get it.
"It was met with nothing short of disdain and horror," she says. "And I'm not exaggerating when I say that."
10-Minute Writer's Workshop: Jennifer Egan
Conventional, linear narratives are not really Jennifer Egan’s thing. She's a shape-shifter of fiction – jumping through time, space, voices and forms. She's written a graphic novel, a short story composed of tweets, and, in the Pulitzer Prize-winning A Visit From The Goon Squad, a kind of novel-as-concept album. Jennifer Egan takes on historical fiction in her newest novel, Manhattan Beach. We called her at her home in Brooklyn to ask about her process and how she begins her unpredictable novels.
Best Of: Holiday Book Show 2017
By The Exchange • Dec 8, 2017
Our popular holiday tradition takes place on Monday, December 11, with Dan Chartrand, owner of Water Street Bookstore in Exeter and Michael Herrmann, owner of Gibson's Bookstore in Concord. We look at the top books of 2017 and discuss best books for gift-giving...and receiving. And scroll down to click on the photos below for a look at what some NHPR folks are hoping for this year!
10-Minute Writer's Workshop: Welcome to Nightvale's Jeffrey Cranor & Joseph Fink
By Sara Plourde • Nov 29, 2017
Nina Subin
Jeffrey Cranor and Joseph Fink, co-creators of the phenomenally popular Welcome to Nightvale podcast, the “Nightvale Presents” series of podcasts, and New York Times bestselling co-authors of the new novel, It Devours, their second book set in the fictional world of Nightvale. We caught up with them at the 2017 Boston Book Festival.
Episode Music by Disparition
Export Rules Take The Wind Out Of N.H. Bagpipe Company
By Todd Bookman • Nov 21, 2017
Think bagpipes, and you likely think Scotland. But one of the world’s largest bagpipe manufacturers happens to call Nashua, New Hampshire home.
That company, however, is facing an unexpected wrinkle in its international supply chain.
Foodstuffs: What Makes A Great Loaf? Ask This Manchester Bread Baker
By Peter Biello • Nov 16, 2017
How do you get serious about baking bread? French bread, in particular, which takes hours to make and years to master.
For Manchester resident Benge Ambrogi, the path to becoming a serious baker began in the late 1980s, with a bad loaf made by someone else—the man who would become his father-in-law.
"It was terrible. Typical first loaf. Very heavy and monochromatic. Not a very interesting loaf."
"What did you tell him about his first loaf?" I asked.
10-Minute Writer's Workshop: Dan Brown
The blockbuster 2003 thriller The Da Vinci Code launched Dan Brown into the best-selling stratosphere. More than 200 million copies of his books have sold worldwide since. Three of his novels have been made into films starring Tom Hanks as fictional Harvard professor Robert Langdon. Brown is a disciplined writer, rising at 4 a.m. to a breakfast smoothie and "bulletproof" coffee, writing every day, and throwing himself into his research.
At the Currier, Encounters with Monet
By Cori Princell • Nov 10, 2017
Cori Princell/NHPR
For the past few months, visitors to the Currier Museum of Art in Manchester have had a chance to spend quality time with the artist Claude Monet. Since July, the museum has had an exhibition, Monet: Pathways to Impressionism, showing works by the famous French painter. This is the final weekend to see it – it closes Monday.
It’s just 4 paintings, in a small gallery with the walls painted deep red. But together, the works tell a story about the artist.
Nashua Voters Back Performing Arts Center Proposal
By Paige Sutherland • Nov 8, 2017
Courtesy of Nashua Offiicals
A proposal to build a performing arts center in downtown Nashua got a shot of support from local voters Tuesday.
Performing Arts Center Proposal Put to Nashua Voters
Nashua aldermen rejected the $15.5 million proposal in September. But the question on Tuesday’s city ballot asks voters to decide whether lawmakers should reconsider.
Nashua Residents Rally Together to Make Performing Arts Center a Reality
Paige Sutherland/NHPR
Nashua aldermen recently rejected a plan to bring a performing arts center to the downtown. But Tuesday, voters will get a chance to weigh in.
And over the past few weeks, advocates for the center have been working long hours to make sure it gets the support it needs.
The Most Peaceful Place in the Universe? Portrait of 'Moose Painting Pond'
By Sean Hurley • Nov 3, 2017
NHPR’s Sean Hurley recently took a walk to Moose Painting Pond, as he’s named it. The most peaceful place in the universe, he supposes it to be. Maybe because it’s so quiet and hidden – maybe because it’s a place where the things he invents seem to meet together with the things nature does.
Note: As with every Sean Hurley story, we really recommend giving this one a listen.
I found the path to the pond – and the most peaceful place in the universe - about six years ago while wandering around Sandwich Notch Road.
Moose Painting Pond, I call it.
The Legend of Via Tranquilla: Crafting Horror and Halloween in New Hampshire
By Hannah McCarthy • Oct 28, 2017
For generations, the little red house at the end of Via Tranquilla has been home to a legend. The kind that makes your heart pound and your hair raise. A ghost story... a murder mystery... a curse.
On this episode, the keepers of this myth share the grisly story of Via Tranquilla. And then, the truth comes out.
The Bookshelf: Joe Hill on Guns, Deadly Rain, and 'Strange Weather'
This week on The Bookshelf, author Joe Hill of Exeter, N.H. joins Peter Biello in studio.
Hill's new book, Strange Weather, is a collection of four short novels. In one, the sky rains needles that rip to pieces anyone unlucky enough to be outside. In another, a skydiver gets stuck on a cloud. And in a story without any supernatural connection, people with easy access to guns use them to devastating effect. Joe Hill is the author of many works, including the novels Horns, NOS4A2, and The Fireman.
2017 Poetry Prize Recognizes Frank Bidart
By Patricia McLaughlin • Oct 26, 2017
New Hampshire Public Radio is proud to announce Frank Bidart as the 2017 Winner of the Hall-Kenyon Prize in American Poetry.
The Hall-Kenyon Prize honors Donald Hall, former Poet Laureate of the United States, and Jane Kenyon, former Poet Laureate of New Hampshire and Donald Hall's late wife. The married poets lived and wrote together for nearly 20 years at Eagle Pond Farm - Hall’s ancestral home in Wilmot, New Hampshire.
At UNH, 15 Years of Piscataqua Art on Display
By Elaine Loft • Oct 20, 2017
Carly Glovinski
The Museum of Art at UNH in Durham is presenting the work of fifteen artists, all of whom are past recipients of the prestigious Piscataqua Region Artist Advancement Grant.
The show, "Impact,” opens with a reception on Oct. 26 and runs through Dec. 15.
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K-12 Schools Orange County
2020 Best Public Middle Schools in Orange CountyAbout this List
The 2020 Best Public Middle Schools ranking is based on rigorous analysis of key statistics and millions of reviews from students and parents using data from the U.S. Department of Education. Ranking factors include state test scores, student-teacher ratio, student diversity, teacher quality, middle school ratings, and the overall quality of the school district. Read more on how this ranking was calculated.
Rancho San Joaquin Middle School
Irvine Unified School District, CA
#1 Best Public Middle Schools in Orange County
Junior: Rancho Middle School had an amazing learning environment with teacher who really cared about their students and helped make classes fun and engaging. Although, like every middle school, there was a lot of drama and complaining, the teachers and staff really made sure that students learned important life lessons and gave ample opportunity for students to express themselves through music, art, and academics.
Niche User: Good diversity, range of electives which was good. Classes are well balanced with student diversity. Most teachers are nice and helpful for students and parents.
Sharon Christa McAuliffe Middle School
Los Alamitos Unified School District, CA
Niche User: There are many good and bad teachers at McAuliffe. Vaping is very prevalent and there is not much to prevent it.
Jeffrey Trail Middle School
Alum: Jeffery Trail was an amazing school! It gave me so many opportunities and really prepared me for high school. However the control over student-student conflict could be improved.
Venado Middle School
Middle School Student: GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB!
Thurston Middle School
Laguna Beach Unified School District, CA
Niche User: As far as middle schools go, Thurston is pretty great! It's made the transition from Elementary School to High School very easy.
Oak Middle School
Alum: Oak did a wonderful job preparing me for high school. The teacher do a great job of not only preparing you for high school level curriculum, but going above the expectation. The only downside is that all of the students have grown up together attending the same elentary schools in the district, so it may be hard for transfer students to jump in right away. I enjoyed my time here and I am grateful for the efforts that the teachers and staff have devoted into us as students!
Plaza Vista
Parent: Fantastic school with wonderful teachers and an amazing Principal and Vice Principal. An excellent education for my two children!
South Lake Middle School
#10 Best Public Middle Schools in Orange County
Middle School Student: South Lake Middle School is one of the most academically ready schools in all of California. It offers one of the most difficult courses for the most diligent students, and that shows.
Sierra Vista Middle School
Freshman: I had the best time at Sierra Vista Middle School. I was not from one of the feeder schools into this middle school but I felt so included and I made so many close friends and before I knew it, it was like Sierra Vista was my home. I have so many fond memories with friends and I remember my teachers and how well they taught me. My eighth grade math teacher was one of them. Even though math wasn't my favorite subject, she was one of my favorite teachers and I will always remember her. In the GATE program at Sierra Vista, we were required to do NHD in our history classes. We learned so much about a topic we had to choose and relate back to the theme of that year. It really has helped me become a better student. When I went to Sierra Vista, SciOly was a club but right now it is a class. When i tried out for SciOly as a eighth grade I had no idea what was in store for me. It was so much fun! I feel like because of Sierra Vista, I am a more confident student and overall person.
Beacon Park
Col. J.K. Tuffree Middle School
Placentia-Yorba Linda Unified School District, CA
Alum: Tuffree Middle School is a school that I remember did an excellent job of connecting elementary school to middle school, and then prepared me well for high school. The teachers teach a variety of subjects, while helping us narrow down what our career choices could be as well.
Tustin Unified School District, CA
Bernardo Yorba Middle School
Don Juan Avila Middle School
Capistrano Unified School District, CA
Oxford Preparatory Academy - South Orange County
Middle School Student: I have no information to share about OPA, except I really like compared to other schools. I also really like about how much we learn there, and the experience, but sometimes it's a little boring.
Vista Del Mar Middle School
Ladera Ranch Middle School
Junior: The campus is very safe, the teachers are fantastic, the classes are interesting in a good way, and the administration is very kind and supportive. Also, the music programs are fantastic. However, the classes are very full with lots of students and there’s not many lunch tables or places for students to eat lunch.
Yorba Linda Middle School
Arroyo Vista Middle School
Community Roots Academy
Niche User: Can’t say enough about Community Roots Academy and the education the students are receiving. Here it’s safe and cool for students to raise their hands in class, do their homework, and care openly about their school. At CRA students have meaningful experiences that help them see the connections between their formal education and the world. Thank you, CRA.
Kraemer Middle School
Senior: I came to Kraemer Middle School in 2012 and I enjoyed it. I did miss out on the Gate program which I heard prepared you well for high school. The wonderful thing about this school is that it is located right next to Valencia High School so students at Kraemer can enroll in language, science, and math classes at Valencia if they so choose.
Pioneer Middle School
Alum: I loved my time there, but it was disappointing when there were cuts to the sports programs and teams. But I loved the majority of my teachers, namely Mrs. Prell, Mr. Thomas and Mr. Payne!
Carl Hankey Middle School
Parent: Our family has been very happy here at Carl Hankey Middle School. The administration is top notch. The teachers are really excellent, each of them care about the kids and the quality of their education. My children were well prepared for HIgh School and thrived at Hankey. It is a small school and you really get the feel of a community here. There are good kids here, good teachers and an amazing principal who runs this school first class. I feel really lucky that my kids got to go here.
Challenger School - Strawberry Park
2020 Middle Schools with the Best Teachers
2020 Safest School Districts
Epiphany School
Parent: Passionate, wise, and exceptional faculty who view teaching as a vocation--not just a job--connect with your children at each stage. Epiphany is a school with a long history in the Madrona neighborhood and was the first school to have an in-house Learning Skills program. The community is inclusive and supports diversity of all kinds. BOT, Faculty, and Families are committed to actively extend its reach and draw from broader communities. The specialists are phenomenal and offer enrichment and unique experiences--Fit for Life, for example--that are unrivaled in Seattle independent schools. A recent rigorous review and thoughtful redesign of Math, Social-Emotional Learning, and English Language Arts have students being challenged in an environment of high expectations, thoughtful supports, and lots of joy.
Parent: Our family ADORES the Saklan School!
It is a hidden gem just minutes from our home in Lafayette. Every day our 5th grade son can't wait to go to school. Because of the small class size, amazing faculty and project-based curriculum, he has a true love for learning.
The school manages to balance strong academics with a culture of empathy and community service. A typical Saklan student is confident, curious and incredibly compassionate.
We have wonderful public schools in Lafayette, but chose Saklan to provide a more nurturing, academically stimulating and creative environment for our son.
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Feb. 6, 2018, 12:34 p.m.
With an increased focus on paid newsletters, Substack is opening up its tools to more creators
“People will always pay for news they can put on the company credit card, but we’ve always believed that that it’s far from the only thing people will pay for.”
By Ricardo Bilton @rbilton Feb. 6, 2018, 12:34 p.m.
Indie email newsletter fans got some disheartening news last month, when Inc. reported that TinyLetter, its niche email newsletter platform, would be folded into its parent company, MailChimp. MailChimp CEO Ben Chestnut soon clarified, saying the company does not plan to make any changes to TinyLetter this year.
‘Stratechery as a service’: Substack aims to streamline the creation of independent subscription news sites
Ricardo Bilton
Regardless of TinyLetter’s timeline, Substack thinks there’s opportunity in the uncertainty. The company, which we first covered in October, offers a set of publishing, analytics, and subscription tools designed to make it simple for independent writers to launch and monetize their own publications. And it said on Tuesday that it will finally open those tools up to anyone interested in using them to create their own free or paid newsletters.
Christopher Best, Substack’s CEO, said that the move is a significant one for the operation, which until now only worked closely with a small, invite-only group of writers. But he said that Substack is comfortable opening up access to the tools because “we’re at the point now where we think the core of what’s there works.”
Substack has shifted its approach significantly since its launch. While the platform was initially built around website creation, it’s since changed gears to focus more on newsletters. “We had a lot of people tell us that the feature they liked most was the simplest — the newsletter tools,” Best said. “Readers give money, they get an email. We had a lot of readers tell us that the product is almost invisible. They like that it gets out of the way and puts the writing at the center.”
Indeed, many of the most successful publications on Substack so far are built around paid newsletter subscriptions. The most prominent of these is Sinocism China Newsletter, which is published four times a week and offers subscribers insights and commentary about current events in China for $15 per month, or $168 per year. Bill Bishop, a serial entrepreneur and investor, started the newsletter in 2011 and ported it over to Substack last fall. His audience came with him: Within the first 24 hours of relaunching the newsletter, Bishop had pulled in six figures in revenue.
“What we hear often is that readers are grateful for the opportunity to pay for writers they love,” said Substack cofounder Hamish McKenzie.
Substack is looking to prove that it can be a viable platform for a variety of writing, not just industry news. The Toast cofounder Mallory Ortberg, longtime NBA writer Kelly Dwyer, and futurist Stowe Boyd are all seeing success with their early publishing efforts. “People will always pay for news they can put on the company credit card, but we’ve always believed that that it’s far from the only thing people will pay for,” Best said.
Substack’s overall business is still in the early stages. The company takes a 10 percent cut of subscription revenue and has joined the latest class of tech accelerator Y Combinator in an effort to further develop its business model.
Best and McKenzie say they’re optimistic about the future of Substack because the company will capitalize on both the increased comfort people have with paying for content online, and the appetite for deeper, higher quality news experiences. “Facebook and these massive scale-driven platforms will try to pour content down your throat and keep you almost perpetually dissatisfied so you keep looking for that next hit,” said McKenzie. “But the email-focused approach means you’re being selective with the content you choose to put in your brain. You have to make a decision to pay for something and you have to make a decision to invite the person into your inbox. It’s something we think people are going to want more of.”
Photo of Substack founders Christopher Best and Hamish McKenzie by Kelly Pendergrast used with permission.
POSTED Feb. 6, 2018, 12:34 p.m.
Christopher Best
Sinocism China Newsletter
Bilton, Ricardo. "With an increased focus on paid newsletters, Substack is opening up its tools to more creators." Nieman Journalism Lab. Nieman Foundation for Journalism at Harvard, 6 Feb. 2018. Web. 20 Jan. 2020.
Bilton, R. (2018, Feb. 6). With an increased focus on paid newsletters, Substack is opening up its tools to more creators. Nieman Journalism Lab. Retrieved January 20, 2020, from https://www.niemanlab.org/2018/02/with-an-increased-focus-on-paid-newsletters-substack-is-opening-up-its-tools-to-more-creators/
Bilton, Ricardo. "With an increased focus on paid newsletters, Substack is opening up its tools to more creators." Nieman Journalism Lab. Last modified February 6, 2018. Accessed January 20, 2020. https://www.niemanlab.org/2018/02/with-an-increased-focus-on-paid-newsletters-substack-is-opening-up-its-tools-to-more-creators/.
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More than 10,000 people from Bucharest and tourists were present at the 6th Bucharest Jazz Festival edition
ARTS & LEISURE CONCERTS
by Nine O' Clock July 13, 2017 0226
On Sunday, July 9, Bucharest Jazz Festival ended up, with standing ovation, an effervescent edition that managed, by a diversified program and a lineup with innovative artists, to recruit new fans of the jazz music among those who listen rock, electro, samba, ethno and classical music.
From July 3 to 9, with seven days of festival, foreign journalists, two stages for concerts, Grammy artists, first-time musical collaborations, a new jazz contest and an audience of more than 10,000 people, the event organized by the Bucharest Municipality through ARCUB, Bucharest Jazz Festival 2017, brought jazz closer to the city’s inhabitants, from those who love photography, to the explorers of the new trends in music, interested by musical journalism or nostalgic of the classic jazz.
On Monday evening, July 3, the independent photographer of the American magazine Jazz Times, Sánta István Csaba, together with the Artistic Manager of the festival, Teodora Enache and with the ARCUB Manager, Mihaela Paun, opened the Bucharest jazz festival with the opening of the solo exhibition Jazzonance, dedicated to the last legends of jazz since the second half of the last century. Between the festival club at ARCUB and the stage in George Enescu Square, Bucharest Jazz Festival 2017 prepared, form July 4 to 9, a program full of workshops and conferences, jam sessions, the mini-recitals of the New Jazz Voices contest and live concerts.
Journalist Simon Rentner from New York was present throughout the festival for interviews with the artists and a material about Bucharest Jazz Festival. Being awarded by Jazz Times magazine for the best podcast in 2016, the musical journalist also came to the festival’s club to speak about the beginning of the jazz. The talk was attended by photographer Sánta István Csaba and Ion Baciu Jr., one of the festival’s headliners, who, in the fourth day of the festival, filled the place from Gabroveni Jazz Club with dozens of youngsters coming from the music improvisation workshop. The day events of the festival’s club at ARCUB included the Wednesday meeting between Mihai Iordache and Tavi Scurtu on the one hand, and radio journalists, representatives of the record companies and publishing houses in the country, on the other hand, while on Friday, before climbing the stage in the George Enescu Square, the guitarist Stanley Jordan answered the questions about music, therapy and his unique technique to play the guitar, at Gabroveni Jazz Club. One day before his concert which closed the festival, the Israeli percussionist with Brazilian origin, Joca Perpignan, held a workshop about Brazilian rhythms and music styles. In the last day of the festival, the festival’s club moved in the George Enescu Square for a music educational workshop specially created by musician Catalin Milea for kids.
In the five evenings of live concerts, jazz was heard in combinations of rock, electro, samba and poetry, on the festival’s stage in the George Enescu Square. On Wednesday, July 5, the new jazz band KRiSPER opened the series of the concerts, being followed by Luiza Zan & the Radio Big Band led by conductor Ionel Tudor. One of the best female voices of the new jazz generation, with roots in the underground music, A-C Leonte presented their most recent project, Reveries, on July 6, at Bucharest Jazz Festival, while Ion Baciu Jr. and Ari Hoering and Or Bareket combined ballads with jazz improvisation. For the first time at Bucharest Jazz Festival, on the stage in George Enescu Square, lyrics by Walt Whitman have been heard on blues music in the concert held by Mike Godoroja & Blue Spirit, on July 7. The ambiance was hot both on the stage and among the audience, on the occasion of the concert Stanley Jordan | Gábor Dörnyei | Kornél Horváth presents The Thunder Tour, an unusual collaboration between the versatility of Jordan’s guitar, the energy of Gábor Dörnyei’s drums, and the rhythmicity of Kornél Horváth’s percussions.
Saturday evening, July 8, was reserved to artists who were nominated for the Grammy Awards, favorite of the magazines Rolling Stones, Jazz Times and winners of Jazzpar Prize. The former percussionist of Miles Davis and Jan Garbarek, Marilyn Mazur, gathered thousands of spectators in the George Enescu Square, while the concert of Branford Marsalis Quartet & Kurt Elling delighted the audience with refrains that can be sang and melodic songs. Energetic rhythms, original styles and multiple influences – these were the key-words of the concerts from Sunday, June 9, at the end of the festival, the one of the Bessarabian ethno-jazz band Trigon and of the world music band of the Israeli percussionist with Brazilian origins Joca Prpignan.
Two of the Bucharest Jazz Festival’s premieres with a great success, the New Jazz Voices mini-recitals and the jam sessions held in the festival’s club at ARCUB, gathered every evening, after the concerts in George Enescu Square, hundreds of youngsters coming from other artistic areas, tourists and foreign musicians, as well as artists of the festivals like Ari Hoering and A-C Leonte.
On the last day of the festival, Teodora Enache announced on the stage in George Enescu Square, who is the winner of the New Jazz Voices contest: Vlad Simon. The finalists enrolled in the contest were from Bacau, Bucharest, Constanta, Husi, Petrosani, Pitesti, Sibiu and the Republic of Moldova.
In addition to the interviews and records made by the American journalist Simon Rentner, the concerts and the jam sessions were broadcasted live also by Cealalta muzica (The Other Music – e.n.), the project promoting creative music, initiated by Michael Acker, Tavi Scurtu and A-C Leonte.
Photo credit: Sorin Toma
Source: https://www.facebook.com/ArCuB.Bucuresti
ArCuBBucharest Jazz Festivalcreative musicGeorge Enescu SquareGrammy artistsVlad Simon
Medieval Festival will be held in Ploiesti
Szekelys and bears
Orochi – J-Rock concert
Nine O' Clock April 21, 2011 April 21, 2011
Elisabeth Leonskaja to concert this Nov at the Athenaeum
Nine O' Clock November 7, 2011 November 7, 2011
eXplore dance festival, October 1 to 10, in Bucharest
Test September 16, 2010
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FILE - This image made available by NASA shows the planet Mars. This composite photo was created from over 100 images of Mars taken by Viking Orbiters in the 1970s. In our solar system family, Mars is Earth’s next-of-kin, the next-door relative that has captivated humans for millennia. The attraction is sure to grow on Monday, Nov. 26 with the arrival of a NASA lander named InSight. (NASA via AP, File)
Anxiety abounds at NASA as Mars landing day arrives
“Landing on Mars is one of the hardest single jobs that people have to do in planetary exploration.”
A NASA spacecraft’s six-month journey to Mars neared its dramatic grand finale Monday in what scientists and engineers hoped would be a soft precision landing on flat red plains.
The InSight lander aimed for an afternoon touchdown, as anxiety built among those involved in the $1 billion international effort.
InSight’s perilous descent through the Martian atmosphere, after a trip of 300 million miles (482 million kilometres), had stomachs churning and nerves stretched to the max. Although an old pro at this, NASA last attempted a landing at Mars six years ago.
The robotic geologist — designed to explore Mars’ mysterious insides — must go from 12,300 mph (19,800 kph) to zero in six minutes flat as it pierces the Martian atmosphere, pops out a parachute, fires its descent engines and, hopefully, lands on three legs.
“Landing on Mars is one of the hardest single jobs that people have to do in planetary exploration,” noted InSight’s lead scientist, Bruce Banerdt. “It’s such a difficult thing, it’s such a dangerous thing that there’s always a fairly uncomfortably large chance that something could go wrong.”
Earth’s success rate at Mars is 40 per cent, counting every attempted flyby, orbital flight and landing by the U.S., Russia and other countries dating all the way back to 1960.
But the U.S. has pulled off seven successful Mars landings in the past four decades. With only one failed touchdown, it’s an enviable record. No other country has managed to set and operate a spacecraft on the dusty red surface.
InSight could hand NASA its eighth win.
It’s shooting for Elysium Planitia, a plain near the Martian equator that the InSight team hopes is as flat as a parking lot in Kansas with few, if any, rocks. This is no rock-collecting expedition. Instead, the stationary 800-pound (360-kilogram) lander will use its 6-foot (1.8-meter) robotic arm to place a mechanical mole and seismometer on the ground.
The self-hammering mole will burrow 16 feet (5 metres) down to measure the planet’s internal heat, while the ultra-high-tech seismometer listens for possible marsquakes. Nothing like this has been attempted before at our smaller next-door neighbour, nearly 100 million miles (160 million kilometres) away.
No experiments have ever been moved robotically from the spacecraft to the actual Martian surface. No lander has dug deeper than several inches, and no seismometer has ever worked on Mars.
By examining the deepest, darkest interior of Mars — still preserved from its earliest days — scientists hope to create 3D images that could reveal how our solar system’s rocky planets formed 4.5 billion years ago and why they turned out so different. One of the big questions is what made Earth so hospitable to life.
Mars once had flowing rivers and lakes; the deltas and lakebeds are now dry, and the planet cold. Venus is a furnace because of its thick, heat-trapping atmosphere. Mercury, closest to the sun, has a surface that’s positively baked.
The planetary know-how gained from InSight’s two-year operation could even spill over to rocky worlds beyond our solar system, according to Banerdt. The findings on Mars could help explain the type of conditions at these so-called exoplanets “and how they fit into the story that we’re trying to figure out for how planets form,” he said.
Concentrating on planetary building blocks, InSight has no life-detecting capability. That will be left for future rovers. NASA’s Mars 2020 mission, for instance, will collect rocks for eventual return that could hold evidence of ancient life.
Because it’s been so long since NASA’s last Martian landfall — the Curiosity rover in 2012 — Mars mania is gripping not only the space and science communities, but everyday folks.
Viewing parties are planned coast to coast at museums, planetariums and libraries, as well as in France, where InSight’s seismometer was designed and built. The giant NASDAQ screen in New York’s Times Square will start broadcasting NASA Television an hour before InSight’s scheduled 3 p.m. EST touchdown; so will the National Air and Space Museum’s Udvar-Hazy Center in Chantilly, Virginia, and the Denver Museum of Nature and Science. The InSight spacecraft was built near Denver by Lockheed Martin.
But the real action, at least on Earth, will unfold at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, home to InSight’s flight control team. NASA is providing a special 360-degree online broadcast from inside the control centre.
Confirmation of touchdown could take minutes — or hours. At the minimum, there’s an eight-minute communication lag between Mars and Earth.
A pair of briefcase-size satellites trailing InSight since liftoff in May will try to relay its radio signals to Earth, with a potential lag time of under nine minutes. These experimental CubeSats will fly right past the red planet without stopping. Signals also could travel straight from InSight to radio telescopes in West Virginia and Germany. It will take longer to hear from NASA’s Mars orbiters.
Project manager Tom Hoffman said Sunday he’s trying his best to stay outwardly calm as the hours tick down. Once InSight phones home from the Martian surface, though, he expects to behave much like his three young grandsons did at Thanksgiving dinner, running around like crazy and screaming.
“Just to warn anybody who’s sitting near me … I’m going to unleash my inner 4-year-old on you, so be careful,” he said.
India cautious as it looks to recover American body
General Motors to close Oshawa plant, affecting thousands of jobs: source
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Retirees Hall of Honor > Retiree Hall of Honor 2018-2019 > Rosie Steffen
Rosie Steffen
Faculty Awardee
The current Special Activities Coordinator for DCCCD’s Retiree Association, Rosie Steffen remains incredibly active, even after retirement. She was a faculty member in the nursing program at El Centro. Rosie always believed in teaching excellence through creativity, innovation and adaptation.
During her tenure, Rosie worked tirelessly with and for her students through out-of-class, after hours study sessions. Rosie is a longtime proactive advocate of the DCCCD Retiree Association, and it’s almost a guarantee that if you were to attend a retiree event, you would see Rosie contributing behind the scenes.
One of the proudest moments in her career was being recognized and chosen as one of the Top 100 Nurses in Texas by the Texas Nurses Association. But throughout her years of volunteerism and service, she has also received accolades from the YMCA, Parkland Hospital, the Women’s Guild and Catholic Daughters of America.
Rosie believes in community service and has contributed in many areas such as volunteerism, membership in professional organizations, and service to education during her career as well as in retirement.
Retiree Hall of Honor 2018-2019
Fela Alfaro
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FAQ: How long is an RN to MSN program (ADN to MSN)?
Home > Frequently Asked Questions > FAQ: How long is an RN to MSN program (ADN to MSN)?
Answer: There are several different types of Registered Nurse (RN) to Master of Science in Nursing (MSN) programs available to students, depending on their current level of education. Some programs require an Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN) for enrollment, while others will accept RNs with either an ADN or a nursing diploma. There are also programs that use the term RN to MSN which actually require RNs to hold both an ADN and a bachelor’s degree (typically in a non-nursing field). The amount of time it takes to complete these programs will vary.
Generally, students can expect to finish a traditional RN to MSN program (one that requires an ADN or diploma) in roughly three years of full-time study, or three to four years of part-time study. RN to MSN programs that require a non-nursing bachelors degree take slightly less time to complete, as students will have already fulfilled their undergraduate general education requirements. RNs pursuing one of these programs full-time can typically graduate in around two years, while part-time students may need anywhere from two to four years.
In most cases, RN to MSN programs offer students the chance to earn their BSN and MSN through a single accelerated program in less time than it would take to complete both degrees separately. This is due to several factors, one of which is that BSN and MSN programs include some of the same courses, so RN to MSN students may end up taking less classes overall. The streamlined curriculum in an RN to MSN program is comprised of both undergraduate- and graduate-level coursework, and often omits certain general education courses that are not directly related to nursing, which also helps shorten the length of study. Along with this, students can typically transfer credits from their ADN, diploma, or non-nursing bachelor’s degree program towards the completion of a RN to MSN program. Students should note that while some RN to MSN programs grant both a BSN and MSN, others only culminate in an MSN degree (no BSN is conferred).
RN to MSN programs are available in a wide range of advanced clinical and administrative nursing specialties. Students who want to pursue a career in direct patient care can choose from APRN specializations such as Nurse Practitioner, Clinical Nurse Specialist or Nurse Midwife. For prospective Nurse Practitioners, there are degree programs in a number of different population foci, including family nursing, neonatal nursing, pediatric nursing, women’s health nursing, psychiatric mental health nursing, and adult-gerontology nursing. Those looking to take on a role in indirect care can find RN to MSN programs with concentrations in nursing administration, nursing education, or Clinical Nurse Leader (CNL).
RN to MSN programs vary by school in terms of admission requirements and length, and can go by a number of different names. In general, these programs fall into one of two categories:
Traditional RN to MSN Programs (ADN or Diploma in Nursing Accepted): Sometimes called ADN to MSN or Diploma to MSN programs, this pathway is designed for licensed RNs who hold an associate degree in nursing or nursing diploma. While some programs accept either an ADN or a diploma, others only accept students who have completed an ADN. Students entering an RN to MSN program with a diploma in nursing often must complete more credits than those with an ADN in order to graduate.
Bridge RN to MSN Programs (Non-Nursing Bachelor’s Degree Required): These programs require RNs to hold a bachelor’s degree in a non-nursing field in addition to an ADN (or, in some cases, a diploma in nursing). This degree path may be referred to as a Bachelor’s to MSN program or RN BA/BS to MSN program at some schools.
To learn more about the specific requirements for these RN to MSN programs, and the time commitment associated with each, see the sections below.
Traditional RN to MSN Programs (ADN or Diploma in Nursing Accepted)
Traditional RN to MSN programs are designed for licensed RNs who possess an ADN from a CCNE- or ACEN-accredited institution. Some programs accept RNs who have either an ADN or a diploma in nursing; however, students enrolling with a diploma often must complete additional courses to bring them up to speed with their ADN-prepared peers. Due to the demanding nature of an RN to MSN program, admission may be selective. Applicants are often required to meet a minimum GPA threshold, and have at least one to two years of professional RN experience. Certain specializations may require experience with a specific patient population (like children or neonates) or experience in specific settings (like acute care or the NICU).
Students interested in pursuing a traditional RN to MSN program should read the admission requirements at different schools carefully, as some require students to complete general education credits at a local college or university before applying. These types of programs are mainly comprised of undergraduate nursing courses, with students using transfer credits to cover the general education requirements. Some traditional RN to MSN programs may also accept students who have earned both an ADN and a bachelor’s degree in a non-nursing field, allowing them to transfer general education credits from their bachelor’s program towards the RN to MSN requirements.
Along with the admission requirements, the specific structure and length of a traditional RN to MSN program will vary from school to school. Students generally must complete the required BSN coursework and general education courses before moving onto the MSN curriculum; however, there may be terms that include both undergraduate and graduate-level coursework. Some programs may even allow students to leave the program with their BSN after they have fulfilled all of the necessary requirements, if they decide they do not want to complete the MSN portion. This is sometimes referred to as a “stop-out” option.
In all, a traditional RN to MSN program typically requires 120 to 150 course credits. Full-time students can expect to earn their master’s degree in approximately 30 to 36 months, while those enrolled on a part-time basis can generally complete the program in 36 to 48 months. Along with the required course credits, traditional RN to MSN students will need to complete anywhere from 500 to 1000 clinical practice hours over the course of the program, depending on their particular specialization.
Bridge RN to MSN Programs (Non-Nursing Bachelor’s Degree Required)
In addition to an ADN and current RN licensure, some RN to MSN programs require students to possess a bachelor’s degree in a non-nursing field. Since students will have already completed the required general education courses as part of their previous bachelor’s program, they are typically able to jump into MSN-level coursework in less time than traditional RN to MSN students. These programs are often labeled as “bridge” programs, as RNs will need to take one or more baccalaureate-level nursing courses meant to bridge the gap between their current education and the MSN curriculum. Examples of common bridge courses include:
Leadership and Management in Nursing
Evidence-Based Nursing Practice
Additionally, applicants are expected to have completed certain prerequisite courses before beginning the program, such as Human Anatomy, Psychology, Microbiology, or Statistics.
Once students have successfully passed the required bridge courses, they are able to start the MSN portion of the program. This curriculum consists of core courses such as Advanced Health Assessment, Advanced Pharmacology, and Advanced Physiology/Pathophysiology, as well as clinical coursework in their advanced nursing specialty. Non-Nursing Bachelor’s to MSN programs are usually comprised of anywhere from 45 to 70 course credits. Students also must complete a total of 500 to 1000 clinical hours (based on their specialization) in order to earn their master’s degree. Full-time students can often complete a Bridge RN to MSN program in around 20 to 25 months. Part-time options are also available, and typically range from 25 to 40 months of study.
General Nurse Practitoner Programs FAQs
FAQ: Are online nurse practitioner programs a good option for military spouses?
FAQ: Are there any online acute care nurse practitioner programs?
FAQ: Are there any online BSN to APRN/NP programs?
FAQ: Are there any online primary care nurse practitioner programs?
FAQ: Are there any online RN to APRN/NP programs (ADN to APRN)?
FAQ: Are there online dual certified nurse midwife/women’s health nurse practitioner (CNM/WHNP) programs?
FAQ: How long is a BSN to MSN program?
FAQ: What are the different types of master’s degrees in nursing?
FAQ: What can you do with an MSN?
FAQ: What is the difference between an acute care NP program and a primary care NP program?
Online Bachelor’s to MSN FNP Programs
Online BSN to DNP FNP Programs
Online BSN to MSN FNP Programs
Online MSN to DNP FNP Programs
Online Post-MSN FNP Programs
Online RN to MSN FNP Programs
Online APRN Programs
Online Adult-Gerontology ACNP Programs
Online Adult-Gerontology PCNP Programs
Online Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS) Programs
Online Neonatal NP Programs
Online Nurse-Midwifery Programs
Online Pediatric ACNP Programs
Online Pediatric PCNP Programs
Online Psychiatric MHNP Programs
Online Women’s Health NP Programs
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Chad William Gulstrom
Isaiah L. Govia
Drug & Paraphernalia Crimes
Drug Trafficking Sales and Distribution
Violent Crimes & Sex Crimes
Fraud & Forgery
Record Expungement
Nampa Drug Possession Lawyer
Free Drug Possession Case Evaluation
Have you or a loved one been arrested for drug possession? In Idaho, unlawful possession of even a small amount of a controlled substance can result in an arrest, criminal charges, and harsh penalties. Depending on the severity of your drug possession charges, you could face fines, imprisonment, and the burden of living the rest of your life with a criminal record.
Considering what is at stake, it is of the utmost importance to involve an attorney as soon as possible after an arrest for drug possession. At Gulstrom & Govia PC, we have more than 30 years of combined legal experience, and founding attorney Chad William Gulstrom is a former prosecutor who has an understanding of the “other side” of criminal proceedings. Our experience in this field and our dedication to our clients has enabled us to secure outstanding results in drug crime cases.
Find out how a Nampa drug possession lawyer can help by calling (208) 502-5006 for a free consultation.
Idaho Drug Possession Laws
Under Idaho law, any person who possesses a controlled substance, unless it was validly prescribed by a medical practitioner, can be charged with drug possession. Possession of a controlled substance can be charged as a misdemeanor or a felony depending on the drug involved and the amount possessed.
Defenses Against Drug Possession Charges
When you come to Gulstrom & Govia PC for criminal defense counsel in the face of drug possession charges, you will find that we will treat you with the respect and compassion you deserve. You will also find that our Nampa drug possession lawyers will aggressively fight for your best interests. Challenging drug possession charges can be difficult, but we will conduct a thorough investigation to determine the best approach.
When it comes to drug possession, some possible defense strategies or issues that would weaken the prosecuting attorney’s case may include:
Proving that the defendant was unlawfully arrested.
Proving that the defendant or the defendant’s property was unlawfully searched.
Proving that drug evidence was mishandled.
Proving that the drug evidence was not the defendant’s and that he or she had no knowledge of its presence.
Proving that the chain of custody for the drug evidence was broken, rendering such evidence inadmissible in court.
If you would like to learn more, call our firm at (208) 502-5006.
ALS Hearings
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Cast Your Complex Legal Matters on Gulstrom & Govia.
Gulstrom & Govia PC Nampa Criminal Defense Attorney © 2020 All Rights Reserved
https://www.nampalawyers.com
Office Location 1008 West Sanetta Street
Contact Us (208) 502-5006 Map / Directions https://www.nampalawyers.com/
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Chapter: 12 Unique Aspects of Equine Nutrition
« Previous: 11 Feeding Behavior and General Considerations for Feeding Management
Suggested Citation:"12 Unique Aspects of Equine Nutrition." National Research Council. 2007. Nutrient Requirements of Horses: Sixth Revised Edition. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11653.
12 Unique Aspects of Equine Nutrition NURSING AND ORPHAN FOALS liquid milk replacer consumed less than 1 kg grain mix per 100 kg BW daily up to 1 month of age, then increased intake During the first week of life, healthy foals will nurse up to 1.5â2 kg grain mix per 100 kg BW daily at 7 weeks of age to seven times per hour, with each nursing bout lasting 1 to (Cymbaluk et al., 1993). Foal body weight averaged about 2 minutes (Carson and Wood-Gush, 1983). Subsequently, 60 kg at birth, and average daily gains ranged from a low of there is a decrease in the frequency and duration of nursing 0.18 kg/d during the first 2 weeks of age to 1.43 kg/d be- bouts; at 4 weeks of age, foals nurse about three times per tween 16 and 24 weeks of age. In another trial, creep feed hour (Carson and Wood-Gush, 1983). During the first 24 intakes of extensively managed nursing foals averaged hours of life, foals consume approximately 15 percent of 0.56â0.84 kg/d (Coleman et al., 1999). Initially, foals were body weight (BW) as milk, increasing to 22â23 percent on approximately 2 months of age with a mean BW of 140 kg. day 2, and approximately 25 percent of BW (15 liters for a At 4 months of age (the end of the study), mean BW was ap- 50 kg-foal) by 7 days postpartum (Ousey et al., 1996). One proximately 200 kg. study of Thoroughbred foals indicated that the digestibility Management of the orphan foal is dependent upon the age of mareâs milk is 98 percent (Ousey et al., 1997). Although at which the foal loses its dam. Young foals should be fed a the damâs milk will normally supply all the nutritional needs milk-based diet to ensure satisfactory growth and develop- of foals for the first 6â8 weeks of life, foals will begin to ment, whereas older foals may develop adequately with a consume small portions of solid feed within days of birth. diet of high-quality forage and creep feed. For foals orphaned Foals will increasingly seek solid feed sources to supply on the 1st day of life, an important consideration is provision their nutrient needs by consumption of the damâs feed, or if of high-quality colostrum that contains immunoglobulins available, feed supplied by creep feeding. Creep feeding has vital to competency of the foalâs naïve immune system. Fol- advantages of supplying a nutrient-dense source of feed to lowing ingestion by the foal, immunoglobulins in colostrum foals that is protected from ingestion by mares. are absorbed by specialized cells throughout the epithelium Average daily gain of foals fed creep feed before wean- of the small intestine. The absorption process is most effi- ing can be higher when compared to foals not receiving cient following the first few feedings postpartum, with a creep rations (Coleman et al., 1999). Additionally, foals that rapid decline in uptake efficiency over the first 12 hours of become accustomed to consuming dry feed prior to weaning life. By 24 hours, the small intestine is no longer permeable have reduced weaning stress (McCall et al., 1985; Hoffman to colostral immunoglobulins (Jeffcott, 1972). Colostrum et al., 1995). Creep rations are typically formulated to con- should be fed before any milk replacers to ensure maximal tain 16â20 percent high-quality crude protein (CP), 0.8â1 absorption of immunoglobulins (Stoneham, 2005). The im- percent calcium, and 0.6â0.8 percent phosphorus, although munoglobulin content of colostrum declines rapidly after the there has been limited research to assess the optimal nutri- onset of nursing in postpartum mares. Milk samples col- ent composition of creep feeds for foals. lected 4â8 hours after birth have 15 percent of the im- The decision to provide creep feed will depend on de- munoglobulin concentration of samples collected in the first sired growth rates and post-weaning nutritional programs. 3 hours postpartum (Naylor, 1979). Therefore, the colostrum Voluntary intake of creep feed is expected to vary between fed to orphan foals should have been harvested from mares foals and to be influenced by factors such as herd behavior, soon after parturition. placement of creep feeders, and presence of other foals con- Fostering to a nurse mare is the preferred option for man- suming feeds. One trial reported that orphan foals receiving agement of orphan foals less than 6 to 8 weeks of age. Foals 235
236 NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS OF HORSES that cannot be fostered should be fed a mareâs milk substi- lates to physiological function and uses the decline in phys- tute. Fortified cowâs milk, goat milk, and commercially iological function as a threshold for old age. Demographic available milk replacer products specifically designed for age reflects survivorship of an age-group subpopulation rel- foals have been used (Naylor and Bell, 1985; Pugh and ative to the whole. No exact chronological threshold for old Williams, 1992). Milk substitutes should be designed to age in horses has been identified. Several investigators have mimic the nutrient concentrations in mareâs milk (Naylor used 20 years of age to define the threshold of old age (Ral- and Bell, 1985). Research findings on composition of ston et al., 1988, 1989; Malinowski et al., 1997; Brosnahan mareâs milk are provided in Table 16-8. On a dry matter and Paradis, 2003). The 1998 National Animal Health Mon- (DM) basis, foal milk replacers should contain approxi- itoring Systems study (USDA, 1998) estimated that 7.5 per- mately 15 percent fat and 22 percent CP, with a fiber content cent of the horse population (total horse population esti- of less than 0.5 percent (Naylor and Bell, 1985). Milk re- mated at approximately 7 million) was 20 years of age or placers should be fed as a 10â15 percent solution. Milk from older. farm animal species (i.e., goat, pig, sheep, and cow) is dis- Although 20 years of age may serve as an estimate of the similar to mareâs milk. Therefore, commercially available threshold for old age, the degree of variation of this estimate milk replacers are the preferred milk substitute for foals. is not known. Therefore, the combination of chronological However, cowâs milk is suitable if some of the fat is re- age and physical signs of aging may be the most effective moved and sugar added. One recommendation is to feed 2- means of establishing the âold-ageâ threshold for individual percent-fat skimmed milk to which dextrose has been added horses. Physical signs of aging may include chronically low at the rate of 20 g/L (40 ml of 50 percent dextrose per liter body condition score, loss of muscle mass over the top line of milk) (Naylor and Bell, 1985). yielding a sway-backed appearance, hollowing out of the It is advisable to gradually increase the volume of milk grooves above the eyes, graying of the coat, and dental dis- fed over a 7- to 10-d period. One recommendation is to start ease (Ralston et al., 1988, 1989; Ralston and Breuer, 1996; at 5â10 percent BW at day 1, increasing to 20â25 percent Paradis, 2002). BW by day 10 (Naylor and Bell, 1985). Initially, many small meals should be provided to somewhat mimic natural feed- Energy Requirements of Aged Horses ing patterns (e.g., every hour). As the foal begins to eat solid feed, the frequency of feedings can be gradually reduced. Energy requirements are a function of energy expendi- Alternatively, the foal can be given free choice access to ture and the efficiency with which gross energy (GE) pres- milk in a pail or by use of an automated feeding device de- ent in feeds is converted to net energy (NE). Both of these signed for calves. Fresh water should be available at all factors have the potential to be affected by age. times (Cymbaluk et al., 1993). Orphan foals can be weaned Maintenance energy requirements typically constitute the from milk at 10â12 weeks of age (Naylor and Bell, 1985). largest proportion of total energy expenditure. Maintenance energy requirements in aged humans and dogs have been re- ported to be 15â20 percent lower when compared to OLD AGE younger populations (Harper, 1998a; Bosy-Westphal et al., Several challenges exist in defining nutrient requirements 2003). The decline in maintenance energy expenditure is of old horses. The first challenge is to establish criteria that thought to be a function of declining fat-free mass associ- define the threshold for old age in horses. Secondly, nutrient ated with aging (Bosy-Westphal et al., 2003). Decreased requirements are a function of metabolic requirements and physical activity is thought to be a primary factor in the age- the efficiency of nutrient digestion, absorption, and metabo- related decline in fat-free mass (Harper, 1998a; Roubenoff, lism. Therefore, knowledge of age-related changes in diges- 1999). Whether an age-related decline in maintenance en- tion, absorption, and metabolism is necessary to define the ergy requirement occurs in horses is unknown. Although ap- nutrient requirements of old horses. Finally, the effect of parent loss of muscle mass has been observed in old horses aging-associated disease on nutrient requirements must be (Ralston et al., 1989), age-related change in fat-free mass determined and should be viewed separately from the effects and subsequent changes in maintenance energy requirement of aging itself. Old age is not synonymous with the term have not been quantified in horses. Nor is the effect of age âgeriatric,â which refers to diseases of the aged. on physical activity in horses well characterized. Therefore, the extent to which aging alters the maintenance energy re- quirements of horses is not known. Some disease conditions Defining Old Age may increase energy requirements. Mean resting energy ex- Paradis (2002) described three types of age that may be penditure was increased by approximately 41 percent in useful in establishing old age threshold for horses: chrono- horses with recurrent airway obstruction as compared to logic, physiologic, and demographic. Chronologic age is the controls (Mazan et al., 2004). actual number of years of life from birth. Physiologic age re- Fecal energy typically accounts for the largest proportion of gross energy lost from feedstuffs. Therefore, factors that
UNIQUE ASPECTS OF EQUINE NUTRITION 237 influence DM digestibility have a large impact on digestible Micronutrient Requirements energy yield. Mean crude fiber apparent digestibility tended Requirements for micronutrients in old horses remain (P = 0.10) to be lower (~ 5 percent) in a group (n = 7) of old relatively uninvestigated. Only two reports related to the ef- horses (26 ± 5 years of age) when compared to a small group fect of aging on micronutrient nutrition were identified as of (n = 5) of younger horses (2.3 ± 0.5 years of age) (Ralston this writing. Ralston et al. (1989) found decreased phospho- et al., 1989). Because the magnitude of this change in crude rus apparent digestibility (â4 ± 19 vs. 11 ± 6 percent) in old fiber apparent digestibility was similar to that of the young (26 ± 5 years of age) vs. younger (2.3 ± 0.5 years of age) horses used in the study following resection of left and right horses. Additionally, initial reports suggested vitamin C sta- colons, the authors suggested that aged horses have a re- tus may be different between young and old horses (Ralston duced absorptive and/or digestive function in the large in- et al., 1988), but more recent evidence does not support this testine (Ralston et al., 1989). This is in contrast to findings idea (Deaton et al., 2004). in humans and dogs that suggest gastrointestinal function, at least with regard to macronutrients, is well preserved with aging (Harper, 1998b; Russell, 2000). It is also likely in Feed Form some instances that age-related changes to teeth may impair Dental abnormalities, which are common in older horses a horseâs ability to masticate feed, subsequently decreasing (Paradis, 2002; Graham, 2002), can limit the ability to pre- digestibility in the remainder of the digestive tract. hend and chew feed, decrease the digestibility of nutrients, Another area of potential interest in old horses is the ef- and lead to substantial loss of body weight. Alterations in fect of caloric restriction on aging and age-related disease. the physical form of the ration can be beneficial for old Caloric restriction has been demonstrated to extend the life- horses with dental disease. A common approach is to feed span in a variety of species (Heilbronn and Ravussin, 2003). older horses processed, complete feeds. In one study, the Larson et al. (2003) reported that lifetime dietary restriction feeding of a complete feed containing extruded ingredients improved glucose tolerance and had a favorable effect on was more effective at maintaining the body weight of old disease and survival in dogs. horses with low body condition (condition score less than 3) Equine Cushingâs disease is a chronic progressive disease when compared to a more traditional ration consisting of a of the intermediate pituitary gland of older horses. This dis- grain mix and timothy-alfalfa hay (Ralston and Breuer, ease is discussed in detail elsewhere (McCue, 2002). Hyper- 1996). Other options include the feeding of ensiled forage glycemia and hyperinsulinemia are common findings in (haylage) or chopped hay (e.g., early cut alfalfa) or forage horses with equine Cushingâs disease (Garcia and Beech, cubes that have been soaked in water. Oil can be added to in- 1986). Therefore, providing calories from sources that do crease the energy density of the ration. not contribute substantial quantities of glucose to the blood stream (e.g., fiber) appears prudent. Conclusion The true effect of aging and age-related disease on nutri- Protein and Amino Acid Requirements ent requirements remains to be determined in horses. There The effect of aging and age-related disease on protein re- appears to be a large degree of variation in the way old quirements of horses is unknown. Ralston et al. (1989) re- horses respond to similar diets (Ralston and Breuer, 1996), ported lower crude protein apparent digestibility (67 ± 3 vs. suggesting chronological age alone is not sufficient to cate- 73 ± 3 percent) in aged horses (26 ± 5 years of age) when gorize horses relative to age-related changes in nutrient compared to younger horses (2.3 ± 0.5 years of age). requirements. Whether this finding reflects the old horse population in general and significantly impacts protein requirements of FEEDING MANAGEMENT OF HORSES IN COLD OR old horses remains to be determined. Supplemental lysine HOT WEATHER and threonine (0.25 percent on a DM basis or approximately 20.0 g/d and 0.2 percent of DM or 15 g/d, respectively) have Chapter 1 includes a discussion of the effects of climate been suggested to maintain muscle mass in old (22.4 ± 0.87 on heat production in horses and also describes factors that years) as well as younger horses (9.1 ± 0.29 years) under- affect upper critical temperature (UCT) and lower critical going light exercise (Graham-Thiers and Kronfeld, 2005). temperature (LCT) for horses. The UCT is the upper range Healthy humans appear to have a decreased protein require- of the thermoneutral zone and is the temperature above ment with aging. Millward et al. (1997) reported a 33 per- which evaporative heat loss must be increased to control cent reduction in protein metabolic demand and no signifi- body temperature. The LCT is the lowest temperature in the cant impairment in efficiency of protein utilization in thermoneutral zone and is the temperature below which healthy, mobile, elderly persons, suggesting a decline in pro- metabolic heat production must be increased to maintain tein requirements with aging. body temperature. For horses kept in environments outside of the thermoneutral zone, adjustments in nutrient require-
238 NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS OF HORSES ments will occur and changes in feeding management may TABLE 12-1 Guidelines for Feeding Horses during Cold be necessary. Weathera 1. The lower critical temperature (LCT) for young horses can range from â11 to 0°C and for adult horses can be as low as â15°C in northern Feeding in Cold Weather continental climates. In more temperate climates, LCT was reported to Two studies with growing horses reared in cold, outdoor be 5°C. Specific horses may have higher or lower LCT. If cold weather persists at temperatures below LCT, then an increased provision of di- weather gave differing results concerning voluntary feed in- etary energy may become necessary. take (Cymbaluk and Christison, 1989a; Cymbaluk, 1990). 2. Growing horses may require an additional 1.3 percent digestible en- As temperatures fell below LCT, yearling horses in the first ergy (DE) for each degree below LCT plus the DE required for weight study were found to eat less, not more, feed and, therefore, gain (Cymbaluk, 1990). Adult horses should be given an additional 2.5 consumed less digestive energy (DE). Although decreases in percent DE for maintenance per degree below LCT (McBride et al., 1985). DE intakes were only 5.7 percent and 8.8 percent less at tem- 3. Hays should be provided free-choice to allow horses to eat to their en- peratures below â10° and below â20°C compared to above ergy demands. Use of digestible hays facilitates higher total intake â10°, weight gains were lower than expected (Cymbaluk and (Dulphy et al., 1997). Concentrate may need to be added to ensure ad- Christison, 1989a). In the second study, growing horses ate equate energy intake especially for growing, thin, worked, or aged 0.2 percent more feed per Celsius degree decrease in ambi- horses. If a concentrate is to be fed, the horse must be fully adapted to this feed. ent temperature below LCT (Cymbaluk, 1990). Based on 4. Additional mineral and vitamin supplementation does not appear to be this study, DE intakes for growing horses must be increased necessary during cold weather beyond the requirements needed for the by 1.3 percent per Celsius degree below LCT. By compari- specific production level of the horse. son, maintenance DE for adult horses must be increased 5. Water should be provided ad libitum and can be heated up to 20°C to 2.5 percent per Celsius degree below their LCT of â15°C maximize intake (Kristula and McDonnell, 1994). (McBride et al., 1985). The disparity between feeding rec- 6. Well-bedded and wind-protected shelter should be provided to mini- mize energy loss. ommendations for adults and growing horses is that the LCT aSOURCE: Modified from Cymbaluk and Christison (1990). for adults was based on maintenance only, and those for young horses was based on energy intakes for maintenance and gain. Young, thin, or aged mature horses are less cold- tolerant than mature horses. When cold weather occurs, diet 1995, 1999; McCutcheon and Geor, 1996). The primary changes for susceptible horses must be made much sooner electrolytes lost in sweat are sodium, potassium, and chlo- than for mature horses in good body condition. ride. The amount and type of electrolyte supplementation The overall conclusion from the preceding data is that depends on the extent of heat stress and the amount and du- cold weather creates an increased demand mainly for en- ration of physical stress that is imposed. At a minimum, ergy. Modified guidelines to those previously published for free-choice access to salt should be available to horses dur- feeding horses in cold weather are given in Table 12-1 ing hot weather (McCutcheon and Geor, 1996). General (Cymbaluk and Christison, 1990). Feeding good-quality hay guidelines for feeding horses during hot weather are given in free-choice may be the simplest way to supply additional Table 12-2. DE for most idle, adult horses during cold weather. The in- In hot weather conditions, the feeding program for idle fluence of diet composition and nutrient content on energy horses should be designed to minimize heat load. Although metabolism during cold weather is described in Chapter 1. high-fat diets may prove potentially useful in reducing heat In addition to diet, the effects of cold weather on non- load in hot weather (Kronfeld, 1996; Kronfeld et al., 1998), acclimated horses can be ameliorated through physical mod- few studies have critically examined the metabolic effects of ifications including housing or application of a rug or blan- high-fat diets on thermoregulation of idle horses in hot ket. Shelters, rugs or blankets, and shelters plus rugs or weather conditions. Under normal thermal conditions, blankets reduced heat loss during cold exposure by 9, 18, and horses fed high-fat diets reportedly had lower respiratory 26 percent, respectively (MacCormack and Bruce, 1991). exchange ratios than those fed high-carbohydrate diets (Pagan et al., 2002). Lower blood pH, higher blood glucose, a calculated reduction in urine volume, reduced feed and Feeding in Hot Weather water intake, and weight gain have also been reported Water intake is markedly increased (30â75 percent) by (Zeyner et al., 2002). Mathiason-Kochan et al. (2001) ob- both acute and chronic heat loads (Geor et al., 1996; Marlin served that horses fed a fat-supplemented diet (a concentrate et al., 2001). The high intake of water compensates for water with 10 percent fat of DM, fed in a 65:35 ratio with hay) had lost through rapid respiration and increased sweating rate higher sweat losses after a high-intensity standard exercise when conditions are hot and dry but not hot and humid (Mc- test (SET) but lower packed cell volumes than horses fed a Cutcheon et al., 1995). The increased sweating rate in hot high-hay diet (60 percent hay) or the basal diet with no conditions, especially when superimposed with exercise, re- added fat. The authors suggested this might reflect an in- sults in substantial electrolyte losses (McCutcheon et al., crease in extracellular fluid, but in the absence of plasma
UNIQUE ASPECTS OF EQUINE NUTRITION 239 TABLE 12-2 Guidelines for Feeding Horses during Hot codes for the sodium channel, a membrane protein involved Weather in the regulation of cellular sodium and potassium content. 1. The upper critical temperature (UCT) for horses is about 38°C for This ion channel facilitates movement of potassium into the foals and 25°C for adults, depending on duration of exposure to hot cell and outward movement of sodium. ambient temperatures. Climatic conditions of an area will determine the absolute value of the UCT of the horses living in those regions. 2. At ambient temperatures that exceed UCT, water should be supplied in Etiology and Genetic Basis a manner that allows voluntary intake by the horse. There appears to be no preference for iced water by horses exposed to warm ambient In normal muscle cells, an electrical gradient is estab- temperatures (McDonnell and Kristula, 1996). lished across the cell membrane as sodium is pumped out- 3. Although the benefit of feeding grain-based and fat-supplemented diets side of the cell and potassium into the cell. That electrical to horses in hot weather is unclear, these types of diets may be theoret- gradient is typically on the order of 85 millivolts (mV) and ically useful for horses. is maintained in part by the ability of the sodium channel to 4. Salt should be available to horses during hot weather (McCutcheon and Geor, 1996). restrict entry of sodium into the cell. As long as that gradi- 5. A shade, preferably that allows unimpeded air movement, may reduce ent is maintained, the cell is at rest and no muscle contrac- heating effects of direct sunlight. Coat clipping may help dissipate heat tion occurs. During excitation, a nerve impulse is received in horses with a long hair coat (Morgan et al., 2002). by the muscle cell that results in a conformational change of the sodium ion channel and the generation of an âaction po- tential.â During this event, sodium rushes into the cell, protein data, the effect on body fluid distribution is difficult potassium rushes out, and the electrical gradient approaches to interpret. 0 mV. This action potential, in a coupled reaction, causes the Conflicting data have been reported on the impact that fat release of calcium from storage sites within the sarcoplas- may have on utilization of other nutrients (see Chapter 3; mic reticulum of the muscle cell, with movement of calcium Beynen and Hallebeek, 2002). Although soybean oil added ions to the area of the muscle fibrils actin and myosin. Cal- to provide dietary fat at 5â10.8 percent resulted in reduced cium binds to sites on myosin, and the muscle contracts and dry matter, fiber, and protein digestibility by horses (Worth remains contracted until the calcium is resequestered in the et al., 1987; Jansen et al., 2001), no effect of fat was found storage sites by the action of a calcium pump. on nutrient digestion coefficients derived by various meth- In the muscle cells of horses with the HYPP trait, regula- ods (Meyers et al., 1987; Bush et al., 2001). Others have tion of the movement of sodium and potassium ions via the found an increase in fiber utilization (Hughes et al., 1995; sodium channel is disturbed such that there is a constant Julen et al., 1995). Fat supplementation of diet did improve âback leakageâ of sodium ions into the cell. As a conse- utilization of either natural or β-carotene or α-tocopherol by quence, there is repetitive depolarization of some muscle horses (Keinzle et al., 2003). More importantly, the stability cells. Under certain conditions, these repetitive contractions and effects of long-term storage of high-fat horse diets under become more severe and are clinically recognized as muscle high heat conditions have not been fully explored. fasiculations. During clinical episodes of HYPP, fasicula- tions are often first evident over the rib cage and flank areas, but may spread to other muscle groups. There can be pro- NUTRITIONAL MANAGEMENT OF SPECIFIC lapse (eversion) of the third eyelid and the horse may show DISEASE CONDITIONS signs similar to colic. In severe episodes, the contractions become tetanic; the horse may sit like a dog and later Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis become recumbent. Death due to respiratory failure is pos- Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis (HYPP) is a co-dominant sible. In horses that experience severe episodes, serum single autosomal gene disorder that appears to have originated potassium concentrations may increase from 3 to 4 mEq/L as a point mutation in the Quarter horse stallion Impressive to as much as 12 mEq/L or higher (Meyer et al., 1999). (Spier et al., 1994). The genetic nature of this condition has Recognition of such a marked increase in serum potassium been well documented and a highly reliable test based on concentration is useful in differentiating HYPP from other polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology has been devel- muscle diseases. oped to identify horses with this condition (Meyer et al., 1999). The test was developed originally for a condition in Nutritional Management humans that is essentially the same genetic abnormality (Lehmann-Horn et al., 2002). To be affected, the horse must Treatment and management of HYPP aims to limit in- have inherited the defective gene from an affected parent de- creases in serum potassium concentration by one or a com- scended from Impressive. Affected horses are either het- bination of three methods: (1) limiting the dietary intake of erozygous (H/N) or homozygous (H/H) for HYPP. Horses potassium, (2) promoting entry of potassium into cells, or that are homozygous are more severely affected than those (3) eliminating excess extracellular potassium from the that are heterozygous (Carr et al., 1996). The gene in question body via the urine.
240 NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS OF HORSES The most important management practice for HYPP- Exertional Rhabdomyolysis Syndromes positive horses is a restriction in potassium intake. Recent Exertional rhabdomyolysis (ER) in horses is a syndrome work has demonstrated that the risk of clinical episodes is of muscle pain and cramping associated with exercise. It can heightened when dietary potassium exceeds 1 percent of the be categorized into sporadic exertional rhabdomyolysis, in total diet (Reynolds, 1997; Reynolds et al., 1998a,b). When which horses have sporadic or infrequent episodes of mus- dietary potassium content is maintained below this 1 cle necrosis and pain associated with exercise, or chronic ex- percent threshold, HYPP episodes can often be controlled ertional rhabdomyolysis, in which affected horses have re- without other preventative measures. peated episodes (Valberg et al., 1999a). Two forms of The largest single source of potassium in a horseâs diet is chronic exertional rhabdomyolysis have been described: (1) forage (hay). Grains contain potassium, but are generally recurrent exertional rhabdomyolysis (RER), which com- less than 0.5 percent potassium. Forages may, on the other monly afflicts Thoroughbreds but also may affect other hand, contain in excess of 3 percent potassium. Forages vary breeds such as Standardbreds and Arabians; and (2) poly- widely in their potassium content by type, region of the saccharide storage myopathy (PSSM), which predominantly country, and even different areas within a single field. Fer- affects Quarter horses but also has been described in other tility level of the field, rainfall or irrigation, and stage of ma- breeds including Paints, European Warmbloods, Ap- turity all have an effect on the potassium content of forages. paloosas, Morgan horses, and draft breeds (Valberg et al. Higher fertility levels, increased moisture, and cutting hay at 1999a). In Thoroughbreds, RER has been identified as a her- an early stage of maturity all tend to increase the potassium itable defect in intracellular calcium regulation that leads to concentration of the forage (Minson, 1990). Given this wide muscle necrosis during exercise (MacLeay et al., 1999). variation in potassium content, even within forage types, Polysaccharide storage myopathy involves increased storage laboratory analysis is required for accurate estimation of of glycogen and abnormal polysaccharide in skeletal mus- potassium content. However, in general, grass forages tend cle. In both RER and PSSM, there is some evidence that a to have less potassium than legume forages. reduction in dietary starch and sugar and/or an increase in In view of the potassium concentrations in feeds, the use dietary fat are beneficial in the management of affected of grass hays or pastures such as Bermudagrass, prairie hay, horses (see McKenzie et al., 2003). or timothy instead of legume hays or pastures such as alfalfa seems prudent. If alfalfa must be included in the diet, then other preventative measures may be necessary. Also, the use Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy of cereal grains as a major portion of the diet will reduce the overall potassium content of the ration. In addition, grain in- Polysaccharide storage myopathy is characterized by take will stimulate insulin release that may facilitate the up- high concentrations of glycogen and glucose-6-phosphate in take of potassium by muscle cells. However, the inclusion of muscle and the accumulation of amylase-resistant, periodic commercially prepared concentrates that contain large acid Schiff (PAS)-positive inclusions in up to 30 percent of amounts of molasses, soybean meal, or dehydrated alfalfa type II muscle fibers (Valberg et al., 1992). Clinical signs in- should be monitored, as these feed ingredients may be rela- clude ER, exercise intolerance, muscle stiffness, back pain, tively high in potassium (> 2 percent). shifting lameness, gait changes, muscle atrophy, a camped- In cases where control of potassium intake is insufficient out stance, and colic-like signs. Detection of amylase- to manage episodic events, additional interventions may be resistant polysaccharide in muscle of horses with a history required. The uptake of potassium by the cells is enhanced of recurrent ER is considered diagnostic for PSSM. How- by a number of factors, including mild exercise, insulin re- ever, the accumulation of polysaccharide may be a gradual lease, and administration of other cations into the extracel- process. In a small group of Quarter horse foals with clini- lular fluid. Insulin concentrations can be increased by oral or cal and laboratory evidence of chronic, intermittent ER, intravenous (IV) glucose administration, or the feeding of polysaccharide accumulation in skeletal muscle was not ap- cereal grains high in starch. Cations such as sodium and parent until 2 years of age (De La Corte et al., 2002). calcium-administered IV promote the intracellular move- A glycogen storage disorder also has been described in ment of potassium in order to maintain electrical neutrality Warmblood horses (Hunt et al., 2005), draft horses and re- of the extracellular fluid (ECF). As a further preventive lated breeds, and Welsh ponies (Valentine et al., 1997, 2000, measure, a diuretic such as acetazolimide may be adminis- 2001a,b). In draft horses, this disorder has been termed tered under the supervision of a veterinarian. This drug in- equine polysaccharide storage myopathy (EPSM) (Valentine creases the excretion of potassium in urine. et al., 2001a). Clinical signs of polysaccharide myopathy in draft horses and related breeds include muscle soreness of the hindquar- ters and back, stiffness, muscle atrophy, and occasionally overt ER. In Belgian draft horses, PSSM may occur concur-
UNIQUE ASPECTS OF EQUINE NUTRITION 241 rently with âshivers,â a disorder characterized by muscle exercise and/or turnout, in addition to diet change, showed tremors and hindlimb hyperflexion that may progress to significant clinical improvement (Hunt et al., 2005). Quarter muscle atrophy, weakness, and recumbency (Firshman et horses with PSSM also were more likely to show improve- al., 2005). The results of one epidemiologic study indicated ment in the severity and frequency of ER when changes in that PSSM and shivers are common but unrelated disorders both diet and physical activity were instituted vs. a change of Belgian draft horses (Firshman et al., 2005). in diet only (Firshman et al., 2003). Nutritional Factors Pathogenesis There is evidence that diet modifies the clinical expres- The mechanisms underlying enhanced glycogen storage sion of PSSM (and EPSM). In clinical reports, the frequency in Quarter horses with PSSM have been partially elucidated. and severity of ER episodes were higher when PSSM- Unlike skeletal muscle glycogenoses in humans and other affected horses received little exercise and were fed energy species (DiMauro and Lamperti, 2001), excessive glycogen concentrates containing moderate amounts of starch and storage is not due to reduced capacity for glycogen utiliza- sugar such as straight grains or sweet feed mixes (Valentine tion. During controlled exercise protocols, net glycogen et al., 2001b; McKenzie et al., 2003). Conversely, controlled breakdown and accumulation of lactate in skeletal muscle laboratory experiments in Quarter horses with PSSM (middle gluteal m.) were similar in affected Quarter horses (Ribeiro et al., 2004) and uncontrolled clinical trials in and controls (Valberg et al., 1999a,b). Similarly, the activi- Quarter horses (Firshman et al., 2003), Warmblood horses ties of key glycolytic enzymes, measured in homogenates of (Hunt et al., 2005), and draft horses (Valentine et al., 2001a) muscle biopsies, did not differ between affected and control with evidence of muscle polysaccharide accumulation have horses (Valberg et al., 1998). Instead, excessive muscle shown that the feeding of a ration with restricted starch and glycogen storage may be related to enhanced insulin sensi- sugar content (on a total ration basis, < 8 percent DE from tivity and uptake of glucose into skeletal muscle. Glucose starch and sugar) and added fat (> 10 percent of total DE clearance following bolus intravenous administration of glu- from fat) resulted in clinical improvement of affected cose (0.5 g/kg BW) was 1.5 times faster in affected Quarter horses. horses when compared to healthy control horses, while glu- In one study, Quarter horse mares (n = 4) were fed cose concentrations after oral glucose administration were isocaloric diets ranging in DE from 21.2 percent (diet A), significantly lower (De La Corte et al., 1999a). Affected 14.8 percent (B), 8.4 percent (C), to 3.9 percent (D) for horses had lower resting insulin concentrations and lower starch, and 7.2 percent DE (diet A), 9.9 percent (B), to 12.7 insulin concentrations than controls after intravenous or oral percent DE (diet C and D) for fat (Ribeiro et al., 2004). The administration of glucose. Furthermore, intravenous insulin diets were fed for 6-week periods in a 4 Ã 4 Latin square de- resulted in a more profound hypoglycemia when compared sign. During the last 4 weeks of each period, the horses un- to controls (De La Corte et al., 1999a). Blood glucose and derwent 15â30 minutes of treadmill exercise (trotting). insulin concentrations were also lower in affected horses Blood samples for measurement of serum creatine kinase than in healthy controls after consumption of a meal of (CK) activity were taken 4 hours after each exercise session. sweet feed (De La Corte et al., 1999b), findings consistent The log of serum CK activity was significantly (P < 0.05) with enhanced glucose clearance and insulin sensitivity. The higher when horses were fed diets A, B, and C when com- strongest evidence of enhanced insulin sensitivity in PSSM pared to diet D. Postprandial glucose and insulin responses was provided by a more recent study that demonstrated a were lower in diet D when compared with diet A, while 2-fold higher rate of glucose clearance in affected vs. con- serum free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations (measured 4 trol horses during a euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp hours after exercise) were consistently higher in diet A when (Annandale et al., 2004). compared to the other diets. However, muscle glycogen and glucose-6-phosphate concentrations and the percentage of Nutritional Management muscle fibers with abnormal polysaccharide accumulation did not differ among the diets (Ribeiro et al., 2004). Dietary recommendations (Firshman et al., 2003; Whereas there are reports that draft horses with PSSM McKenzie et al., 2003) for management of horses with can show clinical improvement with diet change alone PSSM include: (1) feeding a minimum of 1.5 percent of BW (Valentine et al., 2001b), studies in Quarter horses (Firsh- as forage per day, ideally a grass or oat hay as these forages man et al., 2003) and Warmbloods (Hunt et al., 2005) have have lower nonfiber carbohydrate content when compared demonstrated that both a change in diet and institution of to legumes; (2) removal of all concentrates containing grain daily exercise (including turnout) are necessary for a favor- and molasses from the ration; and (3) use of alternative en- able response. In a study of 65 Warmblood or Warmblood- ergy sources such as vegetable oil, rice bran, and/or non- cross horses with PSSM, only horses that received regular molassed beet pulp when DE requirements are higher than
242 NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS OF HORSES that provided by forage alone. Clinical improvement of degree of ALD. It was predicted that 40 percent of these horses with PSSM may be dependent upon the addition of foals would need corrective hoof trimming, 8 percent would fat to the ration. It has been reported that signs of muscle need surgical correction, 3â5 percent would develop con- dysfunction can persist when affected horses are fed an all- tracted tendons, 6 percent would become wobblers, 5 per- forage ration with low starch and sugar content (< 10 per- cent would develop OC, and 10 percent would be unsold as cent DE) content, whereas clinical signs of muscle dysfunc- yearlings because of the bone abnormalities. Leibsle et al. tion abate when even a small amount of vegetable-source fat (2005) found that only 3 percent of newborn (average age 2 is added to the ration (McKenzie et al., 2003). There are days) Thoroughbred foals had âstraightâ carpal conforma- conflicting views on the amount of dietary fat required for tions compared to 55 percent with correct fetlocks. At 1 to clinical improvement of horses with PSSM. Valentine et al. 1.5 years of age, only 7 percent of the same foals were con- (2001b) reported that horses with ESSM showed greatest sidered straight at the carpus (knee), while 79 percent were improvement when fed a ration that provided, on a total diet straight at the fetlock. Since a considerable number of young basis, at least 20â25 percent of DE from fat. Other re- horses are born with less than perfectly aligned joints, sub- searchers have reported clinical improvement when affected sequent mismanagement of the dietary program and hus- horses were fed rations with only 10â15 percent of DE pro- bandry of the foal could potentially exacerbate any develop- vided by fat (Firshman et al., 2003; Ribeiro et al., 2004). As ing osteochondral problems. some horses with PSSM are overweight, the feeding of a Bone growth disorders in young horses have multifactor- high-oil diet is problematic without instigation of an exer- ial causes. Pool (1993) divided the causes of OC into those cise program. On balance, it appears that a reduction in di- that are idiopathic or acquired. Idiopathic causes are consti- etary starch and simple sugar is the most important dietary tutional and hereditary; acquired causes are associated with recommendation for horses with PSSM. When forage alone biomechanically induced trauma or nutritional, toxic, iatro- does not meet daily DE needs, a source of fat such as veg- genic, and other determinable causes. Thus, the collective etable oil (as much as 600 ml/d for a 500-kg horse), rice risks for bone growth disorders in a foal originate with breed bran (0.5â2 kg/d), or other sources of fat should be added to risk, the conformation of the foal inherited from its dam and the diet. For horses in heavy training, other feedstuffs such sire, its prenatal and postnatal diet, and the husbandry meth- as nonmolassed beet pulp may be needed to meet DE re- ods and housing practices used during the critical growth pe- quirements and ensure palatability of the diet. riod from birth to at least 2 years of age. Future studies to As mentioned, the implementation of a daily exercise elucidate the etiology and pathogenesis of DOD will con- regimen is also important for successful management of tinue to provide conflicting and nonedifying conclusions Quarter horses and Warmbloods with PSSM. A combination until all of these factors are controlled and all criteria used of a low-starch, high-fat diet and regular exercise may result to confirm the clinical and pathological diagnoses of DOD in clinical improvement via a decrease in muscle glycogen are standardized. The extent to which these criteria were storage (Firshman et al., 2003) and/or an increase in lipid controlled and standardized should be considered in the in- metabolism in muscle (Ribeiro et al., 2004). terpretations of conclusions in the studies described below. Developmental Orthopedic Disease Pathogenesis Developmental orthopedic disease (DOD) is a complex Developmental orthopedic diseases originate from abnor- of musculoskeletal abnormalities that can afflict growing malities of endochondral ossification in one or both of the horses. These conditions include angular limb deformities growing areas of bone, articular-epiphyseal cartilage com- (ALD, or âcrooked-legged foalsâ), physitis, subchondral plex and the growth plates (physis) (Pool 1993; McIlwraith, bone cysts, osteochondrosis (OC), flexural limb deformities 2004). Osteochondrosis is the pathologic description of (âcontracted tendonsâ), and cervical vertebral malformation bone diseases of young horses in which there is failure of or (âwobbler syndromeâ) (Pool, 1993; McIlwraith, 2004). abnormal cartilage maturation. The abnormalities of joint Congenital contracted tendons are not considered part of the cartilage and subchondral bone in osteochondrosis dissecans DOD complex (Kidd and Barr, 2002) and will not be dis- (OCD) have progressed to cracks and fissures in the carti- cussed here, nor will cervical vertebral malformation. lage. If osteochondrotic cartilage loosens, bone chips or The incidence of DOD disorders (physitis and OC) sub- joint mice may occur within the joint or synovial space mitted to a North American veterinary hospital and in young (McIlwraith, 2004). Although OC and OCD are often used Irish Thoroughbreds was 68â81 percent (Gabel, 1986; interchangeably, the pathology associated with OCD is more OâDonohue et al., 1992). Of these foals, 11.3 percent re- advanced than that seen in OC. Clinical symptoms and quired treatment (OâDonohue et al., 1992). Conformational pathologies are different depending on the affected site and leg abnormalities in the neonate are high (Aldred, 1998; affected bone. A detailed review of the cellular pathogenesis Leibsle et al., 2005). Aldred (1998) reported that 80 percent of equine osteochondrosis can be found in Jeffcott and Hen- of Thoroughbred foals born in Australia annually have some son (1998) and some of the site specific modulators of the
UNIQUE ASPECTS OF EQUINE NUTRITION 243 physeal growth zones including dietary nutrients were re- (Mase, 1987; Firth and Hodge, 1997; Whitton, 1998) lead- viewed by Orth (1999). ing to carpal physitis or other forms of DOD. Osteochondrosis has been described as a dynamic bone The impact of genotype on osteochondrosis has been re- disorder that can develop or regress in specific joints de- ported in several studies. Based on a survey of 753 Swedish pending on the jointâs âwindow of susceptibilityâ (Pool, Standardbred trotters aged 6â21 months, 14.3 percent had 1987; Dik et al., 1999; Barneveld and van Weeren, 1999). In tibiotarsal OC while 11.8 percent had fetlock joint involve- 1987, Pool suggested that the pathologic insult to a suscep- ment (Grondahl and Dolvik, 1993). The incidence of fet- tible bone likely was of short duration and occurred ran- lock, hock, and stifle OC ranged from 17, 6, and 3 percent domly during the period of joint vulnerability. This hypoth- and 24, 6, and 11 percent, respectively, in nonlame and clin- esis appears to be supported by subsequent studies. Mild to ically lame Swedish Warmblood horses (Beneus, 2005). Ra- moderate radiographic abnormalities were observed in the diographic evidence of OC was found in 16.6 percent of 350 intermediate ridge of the distal tibia in 67.4 percent of 1- Maremmano Warmblood horses with a heritability index of month-old Dutch Warmblood foals (Dik, 1999; Dik et al., 0.14, which increased with inbreeding (Pieramati et al., 1999; van Weeren et al., 2003), but tended to regress over 2003). These authors predicted that through genetic selec- time so that at 11 months of age, only 18.4 percent of hocks tion, OC in their studied population could be reduced from were still abnormal. Stifle abnormalities occurred between 16 percent to 2 percent within five generations. 3â4 months of age but reverted to normal by 8 months of In North America, the breeds with the highest incidence age. Similarly, Sondergaard (2003) observed an age-related of DOD were Quarter horses, Thoroughbreds, Arabians, and decrease in radiographic OCD from weaning through 2 Paints (Wagner, 1986), while Standardbred followed by years. Although most lesions were temporary, the âage of no Thoroughbred horses were at highest risk of OC (Mo- returnâ when regression was less likely to occur in the hock hammed, 1990). Ponies and draft horses have been sug- was after 5 months of age and for the stifle was after 8â12 gested to have a low incidence of osteochondrotic bone dis- months of age (Dik, 1999; Dik et al., 1999). The important orders (Stromberg, 1979). In a veterinary hospital, only 5 nutritional conclusion from these observations is that dietary percent of the admitted draft horse population had OCD mismanagement preceding and during these critical ages and/or subchondral bone cysts (Riley et al., 1998). The may tip the balance from regression to progression of sub- heavy breeds most often presented in the latter study were clinically abnormal cartilage and bone to clinical lesions. Clydesdale and Percheron horses. Hence, a balanced and appropriately managed diet is neces- Foals at risk for osteochondrosis were described as those sary prior to and at the time of weaning. that are the most rapidly growing foals in the group (Turner and Fretz, 1977; Stromberg, 1979; Thompson et al., 1988a,b), which is consistent to observations in other species (Olsson, Genetics and Growth Rate 1978; Stromberg and Rejno, 1978; Stromberg, 1979). Some The genetic growth potential of the foal, including its ambiguity between the association of weight gain with DOD conformational traits and growth, are governed by the geno- has been raised (McIlwraith, 2004), and this uncertainty is type of the dam and sire (Saastamoinen, 1990; Preisinger et supported by the conflicting data presented in studies exam- al., 1991; Ãrnason and Bjarnason, 1994; Koenen et al., ining these relationships. Foals affected with hock OC 1995; Molina et al., 1999; Zechner et al., 2001; Leibsle et tended to have heavier birth weights, had higher average al., 2005). Skeletal dimensions and conformation were mod- daily gain (ADG), and were heavier at 1.5 years of age, but erately to highly heritable traits in Andalusian and Lipiz- those with palmar/plantar osteochondral fragments tended zaner horses (Molina et al., 1999; Zechner et al., 2001) and to weigh less than nonaffected foals (Sandgren, 1993). Foals Trakehner foals (Preisinger et al., 1991). Associations be- with stifle OC were significantly taller at the withers and tween parent and progeny were found for carpal but not fet- had 7â20 percent higher weight gains only at 3 and 5 months lock conformation (Leibsle et al., 2005). These authors also of age; there was no relationship between rates of weight reported a significant relationship between heavier birth gain and OC in the hock joint (van Weeren et al., 1999). The weights and an offset carpal conformation (P < 0.01) and average incidence of DOD in Thoroughbred foals evaluated fetlock inward deviation at 46 days (P < 0.005), effects that between 4 through 18 months of age was 16.1 percent persisted beyond 1 year of age (Leibsle et al., 2005). Foals (range 12.9â28.8 percent) and the highest incidence was with hock OC and palmar/plantar osteochondral fragments recorded at 4 months of age (Jelan et al., 1996). Body tended to have outwardly rotated limb axes and periodically weights were not statistically different between affected and had a more upright pastern (Sandberg, 1993). The high inci- nonaffected foals, although the authors noted that affected dence of conformational imperfections in foals (Leibsle et foals were generally heavier. Based on farm data, OCD- al., 2005), coupled with the relative immaturity of the radio- affected and normal Thoroughbred or Hanoverian foals did carpal physis at birth (Mase, 1987), and/or a high body mass not differ in body weight (Pagan, 2003; Vervuert et al., could exacerbate abnormal biomechanical pressure, asym- 2003). The total incidence of hock and fetlock osteochon- metrical growth, or direct trauma occurring at the physis drotic lesions in the latter study was 31.5 percent. Foals in
244 NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS OF HORSES controlled studies fed excess energy or starch did not differ Thoroughbreds monitored from birth through 2 years oc- in final body weights or average daily gain, although curred post-weaning in early winter and gradually resolved dyschondroplasia was prevalent in one study (Savage et al., over the next year (OâDonohue et al., 1992). Seasonal fluc- 1993a) but not the other (Ott et al., 2005). tuations in DOD were also evident in yearlings fed high That genotype affects the rate of weight gain is evident starch (SS) or high fat-fiber (FF) diets (Hoffman et al., from the wide range of weight gains of various breeds of 1999). The most severe clinical physitis in suckling foals oc- horses (see Chapter 1), but certain lines of horses within curred over 2 months in late summer and autumn, and were breeds are also recognized to have different body dimen- not influenced by the foalâs growth rate or sex (Finkler- sions (Zechner et al., 2001). A highly positive correlation Schade et al., 1999; Gee et al., 2005b). However, in other (0.97) was found between body weight and growth rate at 12 studies the seasonal clinical observations were coincident months in Finnhorses indicating that selection for rapid with changes in serum bone markers, including osteocalcin, growth rates is possible in horses (Saastamoinen, 1990). The carboxypropeptide of type I collagen and type III collagen heritability for body weight from birth to 2 years of age was propeptide, and with average daily gain (Price et al., 1997, 0.22â0.88 (SE = 0.46 to 0.87); the overall heritability from 2001). The production of sex hormones may also stimulate birth to 48 months was 0.86 ± 0.32 (Saastamoinen, 1990). growth spurts. Weight gains increased abruptly in 14-month- The variance in growth rates exceeded variance in absolute old Thoroughbred fillies concurrent with a pubertal spike in body measurements. Variation in absolute body weight progesterone secretion (Nogueira et al., 1997). ranged from 7.3â14.9 percent and from 2.4â4.6 percent for Thus, sustained modest growth rates may be preferred for withers height. Variance in ADG in the age categories from young horses to minimize some DOD-like conditions, espe- birthâ6 months, 6â12, 12â24, 24â36, 36â48, and 0â48 cially prior to the earliest window of susceptibility for spe- months was 10.9, 26.8, 24.1, 64, 45.3, and 7.9 percent, re- cific joints. Supplying creep feed to suckling foals at 2â3 spectively. The calculated variances in biweekly ADG for months of age has been suggested as a method to maintain weanlings fed a high-forage diet (70 percent alfalfa) in lim- growth during the suckling period and to minimize the im- ited amounts or free-choice, or a high-concentrate diet (34.7 mediate post-weaning weight loss seen in foals (Coleman et percent alfalfa) fed free-choice were 7.8, 14.2, and 17 per- al., 1999; Peterson et al., 2003). Although creep feeding did cent, respectively, indicating a more fluctuating weight gain not entirely prevent weight loss post-weaning, creep-fed with ad libitum feeding (Cymbaluk, 1989). Thus, rate and foals were perceived to be less stressed than noncreep-fed amplitude of weight gain are not only affected by diet but by foals just after weaning (Coleman et al., 1999). method of feeding, which is further confounded by heri- tability of gain. Dietary Nutrients and Bone Growth Disorders Fluctuating growth rate may be a precursor to DOD (Barneveld and van Weeren, 1999), yet fluctuating biweekly The potential effect of dietary nutrient intake on bone weight gains are evident even in normal Thoroughbred foals growth in foals has been reviewed by Jeffcott and Savage between birth and 1 year of age (Thompson, 1995). Al- (1996) and Harris et al. (2005). Documented evidence has though erratic weight gains were more prevalent in free- confirmed that horses kept under pratical management situ- choice than in limit-fed foals (Cymbaluk, 1989), it was un- ations are often fed diets that may not be adequately de- clear whether this alone would contribute a sufficient signed to meet the predicted nutrient requirements (Knight biomechanical insult during the critical window of suscepti- et al., 1985; Hacklander et al., 1996; Finkler-Schade et al., bility to alter endochondral ossification. Other management 1999; Gibbs and Cohen, 2001; Paragon et al., 2003). The conditions that have been reported to result in nonuniform most common nutrient imbalances identified included ex- growth rates are dietary stress (Hintz et al., 1976), environ- cess energy intake, and excesses or deficiencies in protein, mental stress (Rooney, 1984; Cymbaluk and Christison, macromineral, and trace mineral content, as well as calcium/ 1989a; Cymbaluk, 1990), season (Jelan et al., 1996; Hoff- phosphorus imbalances. Feeding programs on Thorough- man et al., 1999), hormonal maturation (Noguiera et al., bred and Quarter horse breeding farms were well managed 1997), and unidentified factors (Jelan et al., 1996). Con- on about half of the farms, but the remaining farms were felt tracted tendons and/or physitis in young horses followed a likely to be using unbalanced diets (Gibbs and Cohen, suspected compensatory gain following a switch from nutri- 2001). Although the role of diet in foal growth cannot be tionally marginal to abundant diets (Hintz et al., 1976), fol- disputed, the complexity of the relationships among nutri- lowing environmental stress either as extreme cold (Cym- ents and their interactions in abnormal bone growth are not baluk and Christison, 1989a) or prolonged inclement yet fully elucidated. It is, however, important to recognize weather (Rooney, 1984). that when formulating practical diets, nutrient concentra- Seasonal growth spurts were associated with an increased tions can deviate from NRC recommendations without caus- occurrence of bone abnormalities in young horses (OâDono- ing abnormal growth in young horses (Ott and Kivipelto, hue et al., 1992; Hoffman et al., 1999). The peak incidence 2002). However, all variances in dietary nutrient concentra- (4.1 percent) of clinical musculoskeletal conditions in young tions in horse diets should be evaluated to ensure that the
UNIQUE ASPECTS OF EQUINE NUTRITION 245 nutrient concentration falls into an accepted normal range fed a fat-fiber (FF) concentrate. However, Ropp et al. (2003) for the class of horse for which the diet is intended. compared the insulin-glucose responses of weanling Quar- ter horses fed a more typical concentrate containing 33.9 percent nonfiber carbohydrates vs. a concentrate containing Energy, Protein, and Fat Intake 10 percent fat and 24 percent nonfiber carbohydrate for 75 Excessive energy intake has received considerable inter- days and found no treatment by time interactions on day 0 est in the etiology of equine DOD in part based on the hy- or 60 for glucose and no interaction effect for insulin on day pothesis that excessive amounts of nonfiber carbohydrates 0 or 30. There was no change in growth hormone secretion may contribute to hormonal abnormalities in foals, specifi- or plasma insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) concentra- cally through modified insulin responses (Kronfeld et al., tions, and only a minor glucose sparing effect. Ott et al. 1990). High-energy diets were felt to cause OCD irrespec- (2005) fed weanling horses either a medium- (2.9 starch/kg tive of feed composition (Stromberg, 1979). The data of BW) or high- (6.5 starch/kg BW) starch diet without induc- Savage et al. (1993a), who fed weanling foals diet contain- ing changes in bone mineral content or creating new osteo- ing 29 percent more energy than recommended by NRC chondrotic bone lesions. During the study, the incidence of (1989), supported this hypothesis. Histological dyschon- preexisting radiographic OCD bone lesions decreased about droplastic changes in the stifle, hock, and fetlock joints were 29 percent irrespective of whether the foals were fed hay observed in all foals fed high-energy diets (29 percent above plus a concentrate containing either 17 or 37.5 percent control) created by adding 0.25 kg of corn oil to a basal diet starch. These data confirm that foals fed some types of of 13 percent oaten chaff and 77 percent rice-based pellets grain-based concentrates can have altered insulin responses. (Savage et al., 1993a). The source of the additional dietary Unlike growing horses, ponies were significantly more hy- energy in the high-energy diet in this study was derived from perglycemic and hyperinsulinemic when fed a high-fat (11.1 corn oil, but all diets were based on rice concentrate, a feed percent) diet than when fed a high-sugar diet (Schmidt et al., that is high in starch, and the foals were partially confined. 2001). The role of insulin resistance in developmental bone The foals in this study had similar net gains in skeletal and disorders is unclear and conflicts with the observation that weight growth to control foals (Savage et al., 1993c); con- ponies are more insulin resistant than horses (Rijnen and van sequently, the dyschondroplastic bone lesions may have der Kolk, 2003), yet have an apparently low incidence of been induced through a hormonal alteration, although this DOD or osteochondrosis (Stromberg, 1979). was not verified. The suspicion that insulin resistance may contribute to Dietary composition, in addition to absolute nutrient con- developmental bone disorders (Kronfeld et al., 1990) has tent, of foal diets has also been scrutinized as a possible in- stimulated interest in finding alternative energy sources to fluence on the incidence of DOD. The assumption that rapid nonstructural carbohydrates. Fat, in limited amounts (< 11 growth obtained through use of grain-based, high nonfiber percent), was added to highly fibrous constituents (oat straw, carbohydrates has contributed to a higher incidence of DOD soybean hullsâFF) (Hoffman et al., 1999; Staniar, 2002) or has led to examination of dietary effects on the insulin- to concentrate-based supplements (Ropp et al., 2003) to glucose axis and the role of insulin sensitivity in foals. The lower the nonfiber carbohydrate while maintaining energy plasma insulin-glucose response to feeding a diet of 50:50 content of the diet. Carpal physitis scores and joint effusion textured grain:alfalfa-grass hay was compared in OCD- did not differ between FF and SS foals, but hind fetlock affected to normal young horses (Ralston, 1996). Although physitis was higher (P < 0.5) for the SS group at 8 and 12 glucose:insulin ratios did not differ, plasma insulin concen- months (Hoffman et al., 1999). Foals in the FF group had tration was 29â79 percent higher in OCD-affected horses higher (P < 0.05) scores for angular limb deformities at than controls. Pagan (2003) correlated the post-meal feeding 1 month, 8 months, and 10 months of age. (2 h) plasma insulin concentrations of 218 10-month-old The conflicting data obtained on the effects of energy in- foals to surgical OCD lesions present at the time of blood take on the incidence of DOD have in part arisen through sampling or which developed over the next 6â10 months and different methods of feeding. Regulated feeding of concen- observed that the 27 OCD-affected foals had higher plasma trate mixes has not resulted in increased bone abnormalities glucose and insulin concentrations but no difference in the (Ott and Asquith, 1989; Reynolds et al., 1992; Ott et al., glucose:insulin ratio compared to normal cohorts. Yearling 2005). Quarter horse weanlings fed a diet of 25 percent Thoroughbreds fed a 72 percent hydrolysable carbohydrate Bermudagrass hay plus 75 percent concentrate (given twice diet had a significantly higher glycemic (P < 0.043) and in- daily) from 6 to 12 months of age gained weight at 0.65 sulinemic (P < 0.031) response than foals fed a high fat-fiber kg/d, and all subchondral and cystic lesions, except for the concentrate (Staniar, 2002). That high nonfiber carbohy- cystic carpal lesions, identified radiographically at 6 months drate concentrates modify the insulin responsiveness was had regressed by 1 year of age (Reynolds et al., 1992). Un- shown by Treiber et al. (2005), who observed a 37 percent regulated feeding of any diet, whether high in fiber or not, reduction in insulin sensitivity in weanlings fed a 49 percent has led to transient physitis and flexural limb deformities nonfiber carbohydrate (SS) concentrate compared to foals (Cymbaluk and Christison, 1989b). In addition to the effect
246 NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS OF HORSES on the somatotrophic axis, the use of FF concentrates (Hoff- epidemiological study, which found a higher incidence of man et al., 1999) requires further study to verify its useful- clinically diagnosed disorders in foals fed low-copper diets ness in preventing developmental bone disease. (Knight et al., 1985). Although copper was implicated in the High-protein diets do not appear to influence the occur- clinical conditions, foals on farms with a higher incidence rence of DOD. Although feeding excessive protein, specifi- of OC and physitis also fed diets low in calcium and high cally soybean meal, has previously been proposed as a cause in phosphorus. Subsequently, controlled studies on DOD of flexural limb deformities in growing horses (Fackelman, (Knight et al., 1990; Hurtig et al., 1993; Pearce et al., 1980), others have suggested minimal to no effect of high 1998a,b,c; Grace et al., 2002; van Weeren et al., 2003; Gee dietary protein intake on DOD occurrence (Stromberg, et al., 2005a,b, 2006) have examined the role of copper in 1979; Boren et al., 1987; Savage et al., 1993a). Addition of foal bone development with contradictory outcomes. Knight 0.2 percent lysine or 0.2 percent lysine and 0.1 percent thre- et al. (1990) evaluated bone development in 21 foals whose onine to diets of yearling horses had no effect on bone min- dams were either fed 13 (control) or 32 mg Cu/kg BW (sup- eral content or skeletal growth rates (Graham et al., 1994). plemented) during the last 3â6 months of gestation and dur- ing lactation. Foals received a creep ration containing 15 mg Cu/kg concentrate (control) or 55 mg Cu/kg concentrate Mineral Intake (supplemented). Postmortem findings of 90-day-old foals The effect of excesses and deficiencies of minerals on revealed predominantly physeal abnormalities that were not foal growth has been reviewed in Chapter 5. Macrominerals, different between groups. Equal numbers of physeal lesions especially calcium (CA), phosphorus (P), and magnesium, occurred in the forelimbs of 180-day-old foals although con- form the mineral complex in bone. Bone mineral density, trol foals had more physeal and articular-epiphyseal lesions ash, and calcium content in subchondral and trabecular bone in the hindlimbs. Notably, at both 90 and 180 days of age, increased in horses up to 4 years old (van der Harst et al., one individual in the control group accounted for 59 percent 2005), suggesting that an inadequate or an imbalanced or 35 percent of the bone lesions, respectively. Hurtig et al. macromineral intake could affect bone development and (1993) fed 18 foals, including 2 with preexisting DOD, diets strength up to this age. Dietary mineral content may affect containing either 8 or 25 mg Cu/kg feed. A higher incidence the severity of OCD as shown by Firth et al. (1999), who ob- of cartilaginous flaps and/or thinning was observed for foals served comparatively lower bone mineral density in the third fed the diet containing 8 mg Cu/kg feed. No significant dif- carpal bone and the distal radial bone of young horses with ference was observed between treatment groups in the tibial severe signs of OCD. Imbalances in dietary calcium and or radial growth plates, calcified cartilage area, metaphyseal phosphorus also increased the risk of DOD. Weanling bone formation, or epiphyseal bone formation rates or in the Warmblood foals fed diets with either a normal Ca:P ratio biochemical properties of the bone or growth plate cartilage. (2.5:1) or a low Ca:P ratio (1:2.5) had normal weight gains, Pearce et al. (1998a,b,c) compared feeding supplemental but all foals developed physitis, synovial distension, and, ex- copper to pregnant mares (0.5 mg/kg BW or 28 mg Cu/kg cept for one foal, all others developed OCD in two or more diet) to a control group grazing pasture containing 4.4â8.6 joints (Staun et al., 1989). Savage et al. (1993b) observed mg Cu/kg. Foals born to these mares were randomly allo- that weaned foals fed a high-calcium diet (1.95 percent) had cated to either a copper-supplemented or a copper-control a similar number (33 percent) of histological dyschon- group. Copper-supplemented foals received 0.2 mg Cu/kg droplastic lesions as foals (17 percent) fed a control diet with BW from 21 to 49 days of age and 0.5 mg Cu/kg BW to 150 a Ca:P ratio of 1.3:1. A companion study in which weaned days of age. Only those foals whose dams were given sup- foals were fed a diet containing adequate calcium and excess plemental copper in the latter part of pregnancy had a lower phosphorus (1.7 percent) whose calcium:phosphorus ratio incidence of OC (Pearce et al., 1998c). The incidence of was imbalanced resulted in an 83 percent incidence of histo- bone and cartilage lesions was low in all foals irrespective of logical dyschondroplasia of the shoulder, hock, and/or inter- copper intake by dam or foal. Providing the foals with sup- vertebral joints (Savage et al., 1993c). Joint lesions were plemental copper (0.5 mg/kg BW) from 1.5â5 months of attributed to a nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism in- age did not further eliminate bone or cartilage lesions duced by a Ca:P imbalance. These data support the need for (Pearce et al., 1998c). Subsequently, Grace et al. (2002) sup- an adequate macromineral intake and an acceptable Ca:P plemented yearling horses on pasture (7.9 mg Cu/kg DM) ratio during postnatal growth, but they also indicate that even with 130 mg copper daily so that copper-supplemented when macrominerals are supplied in adequate amounts, yearlings consumed a total of 186 mg Cu/d compared to 56 some foals may develop bone abnormalities. mg/d for controls. Neither weight gain nor incidence of Dietary micromineral content, particularly copper physitis differed between copper-supplemented and control through lysyl oxidase, has been shown necessary for forma- yearlings. Gee et al. (2006) administered injectable copper tion and repair of collagen, the main component of bone ma- (calcium copper edentate) to pregnant mares starting at trix. Copper (Cu) was first linked to OC and physitis in an about 7 months through parturition and observed no differ-
UNIQUE ASPECTS OF EQUINE NUTRITION 247 ence in osteochondral abnormalities between foals born to Vitamins the treated and untreated mares. All osteochondral lesions The effect of deficient and excessive intake of vitamins were considered minor and there were no differences in foal has been described in Chapter 6. The fat-soluble vitamins A or dam hepatic copper concentrations. The authors con- and D have been implicated in developmental abnormalities cluded that injectable copper was an unsuitable method of of the growth plate. Feeding vitamin A in amounts 1,000- copper supplementation and did not confer the protective ef- fold greater than control (12 µg/kg BW) produced histolog- fect against the development of osteochondrotic bone le- ical osteochondrotic lesions in growth plates of growing sions observed in foals born to dams given oral copper three ponies (Donoghue, 1980). Deficiencies of vitamin D can times weekly (Pearce et al., 1998c). lead to poorly mineralized bone but excesses also have been Hepatic copper decay in neonatal foals followed a pattern shown to result in weakened, porous bone. Unexpectedly, of rapid decline in concentration from birth to weaning (Gee serum vitamin 1,25 (OH)2 D and parathyroid hormone con- et al., 2000; van Weeren et al., 2003). Two distinctive pat- centrations were higher in osteochondrotic foals than those terns of hepatic copper decay were observed; a normal and without or with few lesions and, perhaps, indicate that higher an accumulator pattern (Gee et al., 2000). Neonatal hepatic hormone levels are needed to maintain plasma calcium copper concentration (374 mg/kg DM liver) in normal foals concentration in this condition (Sloet van Oldruitenborgh- declined to adult values (21 mg/kg DM liver) by 160 days of Oosterbaan et al., 1999). age. Accumulator foals had a much slower rate of hepatic copper decay. At weaning, liver copper concentrations were still high (162 mg/kg DM liver). Although hepatic liver cop- Exercise and Training per concentrations and OCD status in foals were not corre- lated (van Weeren et al., 2003), a higher hepatic copper sta- Weight bearing and exercise have been shown to posi- tus at birth appeared to promote the regression of OCD tively affect bone turnover and remodeling (Lanyon, 1992) lesions present in the stifle at 11 months of age but not at 5 and may also act as a stimulus for collagen development in months of age. Van Weeren et al. (2003) proposed that cop- subchondral bone of horses (Brama et al., 2002). In most of per deficiency may not initiate OC lesions but rather may the Thoroughbred and Quarter horse breeding farms sur- stimulate the repair mechanism in abnormal cartilage. The veyed in Texas, young horses were kept in semiconfinement collective conclusions of copper studies in foals support the and received free exercise (Gibbs and Cohen, 2001). Volun- following: (1) copper supplementation of the pregnant dam, tary exercise (foals kept on pasture) tended to protect the ar- not the weanling foal, may have reduced incidence of DOD ticular cartilage from development of OC lesions compared in foals; (2) experimental copper deficiency in foals pro- to complete confinement in 5-month-old Dutch Warmblood duced inconsistent cartilage pathology, which may differ to foals (Barneveld and van Weeren, 1999). Benefits in bone that of clinical OC; and (3) copper deficiency may not initi- mineral content of the third metacarpal bone were also re- ate OC, but supplemental copper may be beneficial for OC- ported for weanling Arabians and Quarter horses given vol- affected foals by promoting repair of developing osteochon- untary (pasture) or enforced exercise (82 m/d, 5 d/wk) (Bell dral lesions. et al., 2001; Hiney et al., 2004). Exercise produced site- Dietary trace mineral supplementation of diets for foals specific increases in calcium and collagen cross-links in the did not dramatically change the incidence of bone abnormal- subchondral bone of 5-month-old foals (Brama et al., 2001, ities in foals fed diets marginally adequate in trace minerals. 2002) and increased bone mineral density by 5â8 percent in The addition of a trace mineral and/or calcium mixture to a 2-year-old Thoroughbred fillies compared to idle controls, concentrate mix fed with a Bermudagrass hay containing 7 suggesting a beneficial mechanical effect of exercise (Jack- mg Cu/kg and 57 mg Zinc (Zn)/kg to yearling horses had no son et al., 2003). In contrast, bone mineral density did not effect on feed intake (P < 0.1) but increased bone mineral differ whether foals were kept in box stalls, boxed and exer- content of the third metacarpal bone only when the basal diet cised, or on pasture for 5 months then turned out for volun- was supplemented to provide 11 mg Cu/kg and 69 mg Zn/kg tary exercise on pasture for an added 6 months (Firth et al., (Ott and Asquith, 1989). A subsequent study in which a basal 1999). Sondergaard (2003) observed that group-housed diet, marginal in calcium (0.36 percent) and phosphorus growing horses were more active than foals housed alone, (0.29 percent), but which contained 11 mg Cu/kg and 40 mg but the increased voluntary activity did not influence the in- Zn/kg, was compared to the same diet supplemented to sup- cidence of radiographic OCD. ply the following mineral concentrations: calcium (0.53 per- Intensive exercise may also cause negative effects. En- cent), phosphorus (0.38 percent), copper (14 mg/kg), and forced exercise of 2-month-old foals for 12 months reduced zinc (45 mg/kg). None of the yearlings showed any clinical the number of thyroid C cells required for calcitonin secre- abnormalities in either study, and there was no effect on bone tion involved in calcium homeostasis and also produced a mineral content of yearlings fed the diets for 112 days. trend to lowered bone mineral density of the hind cannon bone (Ueki et al., 2003). Box-stalled foals required to do
248 NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS OF HORSES gallop sprints up to 5 months of age, then turned out to pas- ⢠Voluntary exercise may be beneficial in reducing DOD ture until 11 months of age, had a reduced glycosaminogly- compared to confinement. Enforced exercise may benefit can content and hypermetabolic chondrocytes in articular bone mineral content but may negatively affect chondrocytic cartilage compared to unexercised and pastured foals, sug- metabolism. gesting that the enforced exercise regimen reduced the vital- ity of the chondrocyte (Barneveld et al., 1999; van den Practical nutritional management to prevent bone growth Hoogen et al., 1999). A positive effect, however, of enforced disorders was discussed by Lewis (1995). Although, the re- exercise was an enhancement in bone mineral density com- search data cited by this author are only current to 1995, pared to foals given voluntary exercise (pasture) and sus- many of the feeding management suggestions are still valid. tained confinement. Laminitis Summary of Studies on Developmental Orthopedic Laminitis is a systemic disease that manifests in the foot Diseases in Foals and results in significant pain and lameness. The junction The following conclusions can be inferred about foal de- between dermal and epidermal laminae serves to attach the velopmental bone disorders based on current information: distal phalanx to the hoof wall. Failure of the attachment be- tween the dermo-epidermal junction is the signature lesion ⢠The causes of DOD are numerous and likely interrelated. of laminitis (Pollitt et al., 2003). The progression of lamini- ⢠The incidence of DOD can be as low as 1 foal in 20 to tis can be categorized into four phases: developmental, as high as 1 foal in 3. acute, subacute, and chronic. Hood (1999a) defines the four ⢠Osteochondral abnormalities were observed early in phases as follows. The developmental phase is the period life (1 month of age) but most lesions regress. Joints appear between the initial causative insult and the first appearance to have different windows of susceptibility after which re- of lameness and lasts an average of 40 hours (range 24â60). gression of lesions may be less likely to occur. The âage of The acute phase follows the developmental phase and takes no returnâ was felt to occur about 5 months of age for the one of two courses: continuation for 72 hours without phys- hock and 8â12 months for the stifle. ical or radiographic collapse or termination abruptly upon ⢠Genotype affects growth rate and likely impact the in- occurrence of digital collapse (i.e., rotation or sinking of the cidence of DOD. Weight was highly heritable but rate of gain distal phalanx). The subacute phase follows the acute phase may or may not be directly related to the incidence of DOD. in the absence of physical or radiographic collapse, lasts ⢠The normal variability seen in foal weight gain up to 1 from 8â12 weeks, and is considered a period of recovery year of age was increased when diets were fed ad libitum, ir- from the damage done during developmental and acute respective of composition (either high concentrate or high phases. The terms chronic laminitis and founder are fre- forage). An irregular growth rate may be a factor in the oc- quently used synonymously and are reserved for the horse currence of DOD and can be created through dietary and en- having mechanical collapse of the foot. Thus, any horse with vironmental stresses, seasonal and hormonal changes, and radiographic or physical evidence of digital collapse is cate- unidentified factors. gorically considered to have chronic laminitis, regardless of ⢠Creep feeding may help smooth the growth pattern of the duration of the disease. Specific clinical features associ- foals in the transition from suckling through weaning. ated with acute and chronic laminitis have been discussed in ⢠Practical diets fed to foals and broodmares may or may detail (Herthel and Hood, 1999; Swanson, 1999). not be balanced in the critical nutrientsâenergy, protein, Laminitis is considered a major disease of the horse due macrominerals, and trace mineralsârequired for bone to the associated pain, lameness, and potential debilitation. growth. There are limited data on the prevalence of laminitis in ⢠Diet composition can affect hormonal responses. equids. Summary data from a survey involving 1,178 horse Specifically, concentrates high in nonfiber carbohydrates operations, totaling 28,026 horses, estimated that 13 percent have resulted in higher insulin-glucose responses to feeding of the operations had one or more horses with laminitis over and lower insulin sensitivity when compared to high-fat a 12-month period, and the overall incidence of laminitis (> 10 percent) and fiber concentrates. However, the source was 2.1 ± 0.3 percent (USDA, 2000). A slightly higher inci- of energy in the concentrate does not appear to affect the in- dence (7.1 percent) was reported in a survey involving cidence of clinical osteochondral abnormalities. 113,000 horses in the United Kingdom (Hinckley and Hen- ⢠Feeding excess protein does not appear to affect DOD. derson, 1996). The incidence of laminitis in geriatric horses ⢠Imbalances in calcium and phosphorus (Ca:P ratio < 1) (> 20 years of age) was 6.4 percent, according to a survey can produce dyschondroplasia. involving 467 geriatric horses (Brosnahan and Paradis, ⢠Copper deficiency may not initiate osteochondral ab- 2003). normalities. Supplementation of the pregnant dam, not the Several factors have been implicated in the etiology of weanling foal, may reduce incidence of DOD in foals by acute laminitis. These include excessive ingestion of rapidly promoting repair of developing osteochondral lesions. fermentable carbohydrate (e.g., starch, sugars, and/or fruc-
UNIQUE ASPECTS OF EQUINE NUTRITION 249 tans) (Garner et al., 1978; Rowe et al., 1994; Pollitt et al., clinical signs of laminitis in 23 of 31 horses following ad- 2003), endotoxemia (Garner et al., 1978; Moore et al., 1989; ministration of a cornstarch-wood flour gruel (mean 40 Rowe et al., 1994; Pollitt et al., 2003), black walnut shavings hours; range 24â48 hours), via stomach tube, that delivered (Minnick et al., 1987), excessive concussion (Hood, 1999a), approximately 15 g starch/kg BW. Rowe et al. (1994) re- obesity and insulin resistance (Jeffcott et al., 1986; Treiber ported lameness, characteristic of laminitis, in 4 of 4 horses et al., 2005, 2006), glucocorticoid administration (Johnson after 4 days of consuming 2 meals/d, 12 hours apart, each et al., 2004a), and endocrine disturbances (Johnson et al., containing approximately 3.75 to 6.8 g starch/kg BW (cal- 2004b). Although several factors have been associated with culation assumes corn contains 75 percent starch). There- the onset of laminitis, the exact mechanism(s) by which fore, the recommendation by Potter et al. (1992) of no more these factors trigger laminitis is unknown. than 2 to 4 g starch/kg BW/meal (assuming 2 to 3 meals/d) may be prudent in the prevention of acute laminitis. How- ever, it should be noted that not all starch is created equal in Pathogenesis terms of prececal digestion as stated in Chapter 8. The pathogenesis of acute laminitis is uncertain (Bailey The ingestion of pasture grasses rich in water-soluble et al., 2004; Moore et al., 2004). Three primary theories carbohydrates (glucose, fructose, sucrose, and fructan) may exist: (1) vascular hemodynamic theory; (2) toxic, meta- precipitate laminitis (Bailey et al., 2004). It has been pro- bolic, or enzymatic theory; and (3) traumatic or mechanical posed that ingestion of fructans can result in disturbances to overload theory. These theories have been discussed in de- hindgut function in a similar way to undigested starch tail (Hood, 1999b; Moore et al., 2004; Bailey et al., 2004). (Longland and Cairns, 2000), with triggering of laminitis. Briefly, the vascular theory states that a yet to be identified However, a direct relationship between the onset of lamini- factor(s) initiates a change in digital vascular function, tis and ingestion of specific pasture carbohydrates has not resulting in impaired blood supply to the laminae and sub- been demonstrated. Furthermore, there is limited informa- sequent damage resulting in the failure of the dermal- tion on the quantities of pasture fructan or other storage car- epidermal junction (Moore et al., 2004). One research group bohydrate required to cause significant changes in hindgut (Bailey et al., 2004) proposed that vasoactive monoamines function that may increase risk of laminitis. Longland et al. formed and released from the hindgut might be the link be- (1999) reported fructan concentrations in specific varieties tween ingestion of feedstuffs rich in rapidly fermentable car- of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) ranging from 100â bohydrates and the digital ischemic events thought to pre- 420 g fructan/kg DM, depending on environmental condi- cede the onset of laminitis. The toxic, metabolic, or tions. In general, pasture content of storage carbohydrates enzymatic theory states that an unknown trigger factor de- (including fructans) is highest in spring, lowest in mid- livered in the bloodstream activates metallic matrix metallo- summer, and intermediate in autumn. However, there also proteinases (MMPs), which leads to the breakdown of the can be marked daily fluctuations that coincide with patterns basement membrane and separation of the dermo-epidermal of energy storage (photosynthetic activity) and utilization. junction (Moore et al., 2004; French and Pollitt, 2004). The Thus, pasture water-soluble carbohydrate tends to rise dur- traumatic or mechanical overload theory states that trauma ing the morning, reaching maxima in the afternoon, and de- or mechanical overload and/or associated inflammation and clining overnight. Horses grazing in the afternoon, when altered blood flow through the foot leads to separation of the compared to nighttime or morning, may ingest between 2 dermo-epidermal junction (Hood, 1999b). and 4 times as much water-soluble carbohydrate. Assuming a dry matter intake of 2.5 percent of body weight for a 500- kg horse, the fructan intake from the perennial ryegrass pas- Nutritional Management and the Prevention of Acute ture studied by Longland et al. (1999) could range from Laminitis 2.5â10.5 g fructan/kg BW. The upper end of this range falls Strict nutritional guidelines for the prevention of acute within a range of oral fructan dosage (7.5â12.5 g/kg BW) laminitis have not been determined. It is well documented reported to induce laminitis in horses (French and Pollitt, that disturbance of normal fermentation pattern in the 2004). Smaller dosages of fructan also may alter the hindgut hindgut resulting from the fermentation of rapidly fer- environment and increase risk of laminitis. In ponies, the mentable carbohydrates (e.g., starch, fructans) can precipi- consumption of inulin (a fructan extracted with chicory tate laminitis (Garner et al., 1977, 1978; Pollitt et al., 2003). root) at 1 g or 3 g/kg BW resulted in a significant decrease However naso-gastric bolus was the means of delivering the in fecal pH (Crawford et al., 2005). Vervuert et al. (2005) re- rapidly fermentable carbohydrate used in these experiments, ported fructan concentrations in cool-season grass-legume which makes extrapolation to oral ingestion of a meal or pasture ranging from 18 ± 8 to 57 ± 17 g/kg DM. Using sim- meals difficult. Potter et al. (1992) suggested that the starch ilar assumptions on DM intake as above, the fructan intake intake per meal (assuming 2 to 3 meals/d) should not exceed from the cool-season grass-legume mix pasture studied by 2 to 4 g starch/kg BW in order to minimize postileal starch Vervuert et al. (2005) is considerably lower (0.45â1.4 g digestion and the subsequent potential for disturbance of fructan/kg BW) than the range reported capable of inducing normal fermentation patterns. Garner et al. (1977) induced laminitis by French and Pollitt (2004). Hoffman et al. (2001)
250 NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS OF HORSES reported that the rapidly fermentable carbohydrate content termed osteodystrophia fibrosa. Subsequent bone thicken- of grass-legume pasture (a large proportion of which was as- ing results in physical distortion of the head, accounting for sumed to be fructan) ranged from 22.9â145 g/kg DM which the diseaseâs descriptive name âbig head.â Changes to max- could result in an intake of approximately 0.57â3.6 g rapidly illary and mandibular bones are bilateral, but not necessar- fermentable carbohydrate/kg BW. Although the role of pas- ily symmetrical. Affected horses may first present with ture carbohydrates in the pathogenesis of laminitis has not clinical signs associated with upper airway breathing diffi- been unequivocally demonstrated, the disease occurs most culty or noise (Clarke et al., 1996). As the disease pro- commonly in equids kept at pasture (USDA, 2000). There- gresses, horses may have difficulty chewing as a result of fore, for horses and ponies with a history of pasture- decreased bone integrity of dental alveoli and associated associated laminitis, there is rationale for restricted access to dental pain. Reduced feed intake results in weight loss and pasture, particularly during the growing seasons. poor body condition. Nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism was preva- lent among working horses in the early 1900s. Working Nutritional Management and Chronic Laminitis horses fed large amounts of bran byproduct, especially those Specific, objective information regarding nutritional man- used to mill wheat, were most often afflicted, hence the agement of horses with chronic laminitis is not available. names âbran diseaseâ and âmillerâs diseaseâ were used to However, a logical approach to feeding horses with chronic describe the condition. Presently, NSH is not considered a laminitis is to prevent excess body weight in order to mini- common condition, but inappropriate dietary management mize mechanical stress on the foot and supply nutrients nec- relative to calcium and phosphorus intake can lead to lesion essary for hoof growth and repair (Hood, 1999c). Rations development in individual or groups of horses. having low-caloric density (e.g., low-quality forage only) are often recommended in an effort to prevent excess body Nutritional Factors weight. If unsupplemented, low-calorie rations may have the potential to be deficient in protein, amino acids, and various Nutritional situations in which available dietary calcium micronutrients (Hood, 1999c). Hoof wall growth has been is insufficient to meet daily requirements can result in de- demonstrated to be influenced by overall plane of nutrition velopment of NSH. Inadequate dietary calcium can result (Butler and Hintz, 1977), as well as biotin supplementation from a primary or secondary deficiency. Diets consisting of (Buffa et al., 1992; Reilly et al., 1998). Therefore, based on mature grass forage with large amounts of cereal grain- limited information, providing a ration that does not exceed based supplements are often low to deficient in dietary cal- digestible energy requirements but contains at least adequate cium with adequate to slightly excessive phosphorus. Grass protein and micronutrients should be a feasible approach to forages vary in calcium content, but generally have a Ca:P promote hoof wall growth and repair. ratio less than 2:1 compared to legume forages that have Ca:P ratios greater than 4:1. Cereal grains of all varieties contain very low calcium (< 0.1 percent DM) and high Nutritional Secondary Hyperparathyroidism phosphorus (0.3â0.4 percent DM), resulting in a Ca:P ratio Nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism (NSH) is a of 1:6 or more. Mature warm-season grasses may have a metabolic bone disease associated with the feeding of ra- Ca:P ratio of 1:1 or slightly less, and their feeding with large tions with an excess of phosphorus or a deficiency of avail- amounts of cereal grain supplements has been implicated in able calcium (Joyce et al., 1971; Capen, 1983; Bertone, reported cases of NSH (Joyce et al., 1971; Ronen et al., 1992). Although associated skeletal lesions are generalized, 1992; David et al., 1997; Wisniewski et al., 1999). bony changes do not occur uniformly or consistently within Excessive dietary phosphorus can induce a secondary skeletal regions. Horses from weaning up to 7 years of age calcium deficiency. Diets supplemented with large amounts are most often affected. Early signs of the disease include a of wheat or rice bran have been reported to induce NSH shifting lameness of one or more legs, tenderness of joints, (Joyce et al., 1971; Clarke et al., 1996). Fiber bran byprod- reluctance to move, and a stiff, stilted gait. These signs are ucts of wheat and rice contain between 1.3 and 2.3 percent associated with bone demineralization and resultant devel- DM phosphorus and low calcium (< 0.2 percent DM). Diets opment of subepiphyseal microfractures, loss of trabecular containing large amounts of wheat or rice bran contain ei- bone integrity with disruption of articular cartilage, and tear- ther adequate or slightly deficient calcium with excessive ing or detachment of tendons and ligaments. In advanced phosphorus, resulting in a dietary Ca:P ratio less than 1:1. cases, spontaneous fractures may occur, most often of the Supplementing a diet with a high phosphorus mineral with- sesamoids, phalanges, or both. out calcium could also result in a dietary calcium and phos- Bones of the head are most often visibly affected. Min- phorus imbalance (Lewis, 1995). Feed byproducts of cereal eral content of facial bones and mandible is replaced with grain processing also contain high concentrations of phos- increased amounts of osteoid and fibrous tissue, a process phorus and have low calcium to phosphorus ratios. For ex-
UNIQUE ASPECTS OF EQUINE NUTRITION 251 ample, corn distillersâ byproducts and corn gluten feed con- TABLE 12-3 Grasses That May Contain Excessive tain high concentrations of phosphorus (> 1 percent DM) Amounts of Oxalates with low calcium (< 0.15 percent DM). Dietary supplements Common Name Scientific Name containing large amounts of these byproducts can result in Buffel grass Cenchrus cilaris excessive phosphorus intake and a low dietary Ca:P ratio. Blue or green panic grasses Panicum spp. Availability of dietary calcium is reduced in the presence Dallis grass Paspalum spp. of dietary oxalates resulting in a secondary calcium defi- Foxtail millet Setaria italica ciency (Swartzman et al., 1978; Blaney et al., 1981; McKen- Kikuyu grass Pennisetum clandistinum zie et al., 1981a), and NSH has been reported in horses that Napier, mission grass Pennisetum spp. Purple pigeon grass Setaria incrassate consumed oxalate-containing plants as their primary forage Pangola grass Digitaria recumbens source over a prolonged period of months (Walthall and Setaria grass Setaria sphacelata McKenzie, 1976; Blaney et al., 1981; McKenzie, 1988). A number of tropical warm-season grasses (Table 12-3) can contain potentially harmful amounts of oxalate (Walthall and McKenzie, 1976; McKenzie, 1988; Lewis, 1995; David centration is tightly controlled by the counterregulatory hor- et al., 1997). Alfalfa hay (n = 11; mean ± standard deviation mones PTH and calcitonin (CT). A primary or secondary [SD], 0.56 ± 0.15 percent DM) and pelleted alfalfa meal calcium deficiency results in decreased plasma-ionized cal- (n = 22; mean ± SD, 0.36 ± 0.1 percent DM) were found to cium and increased PTH secretion. PTH in conjunction with contain variable oxalate concentration, but comparable in biologically active vitamin D promotes increased calcium magnitude to grasses shown to induce NSH (Hintz et al., uptake from the gut, bone, and kidneys. In dietary situations 1984). Cymbaluk et al. (1986) reported total oxalate con- of limited calcium availability, bone resorption becomes the centration in legume hays (n = 68; mean ± SD, 0.83 ± 0.27 primary source of calcium. PTH promotes increased resorp- percent DM) and showed legume hay oxalate concentration tion of bone by activation of osteoclasts. The result is loss of to be greater compared to mixed legume-grass, various skeletal calcium and phosphorus (bone demineralization). In grass, or cereal grain hays. Diets containing more than 0.5 the kidney, PTH promotes phosphorus excretion and calcium percent DM total oxalate and with a Ca:oxalate ratio of 0.5:1 reabsorption. or less pose greater risk for induction of calcium deficiency Blood phosphorus concentration is directly related to di- and NSH (Blaney et al., 1981; McKenzie et al., 1981a). As etary phosphorus intake (Capen, 1983). Therefore, con- a result of higher calcium content associated with legume sumption of a diet with excessive phosphorus will result in forages, Ca:oxalate ratios range from 1.7 to over 7:1 (Hintz a state of hyperphosphatemia. Hyperphosphatemia will re- et al., 1984; Cymbaluk et al., 1986), which are well above duce blood calcium concentration, by law of mass action, ratios associated with greater risk. Conversely, native and and suppress PTHâs ability to stimulate renal activation of other grass species were found to have lower available cal- vitamin D, further decreasing digestive absorption effi- cium, due to their lower calcium content, and posed a ciency (Capen, 1983; Bertone, 1992). Insoluble dietary ox- greater risk for dietary calcium deficiency (Cymbaluk et al., alates bind dietary calcium forming indigestible calcium ox- 1986). Calcium digestibility was not found to be adversely alates, which are excreted in the feces (Swartzman et al., affected by oxalate content of alfalfa (Hintz et al., 1984; 1978; Blaney et al., 1981). Lowered availability of dietary Cymbaluk et al., 1986). Oxalate-induced calcium deficiency calcium induces hypocalcemia and subsequent stimulation can occur in any horse, but lactating mares and weanlings of PTH secretion. Prolonged exposure to the imbalanced are most susceptible as a result of their higher calcium re- diet results in hypertrophy and hyperplasia of parathyroid quirements and greater feed intake (Lewis, 1995). glands in support of increased secretory activity (Fujimoto et al., 1967; Capen, 1983). Although NSH is induced by a dietary imbalance of cal- Pathogenesis cium and phosphorus, blood concentrations of these miner- Clinical signs of NSH are the result of sustained secretion als are not useful for diagnosis. Increased PTH concentra- of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and mobilization of bone cal- tion with normal to slightly low blood calcium and normal cium in an effort to maintain normal blood ionized calcium to slightly high blood phosphate concentrations are typical concentration in the face of dietary imbalances that induce a in horses with NSH (Roussel et al., 1987; Benders et al., state of hypocalcemia (Joyce et al., 1971; Capen, 1983; 2001; Estepa et al., 2003). This is in contrast to primary hy- Bertone, 1992; Hunt and Blackwelder, 2002). Ionized cal- perparathyroidism where elevated PTH concentrations are cium plays critical roles in muscle contraction, neuromuscu- associated with hypercalcemia (Frank et al., 1998; Peauroi lar activity, blood coagulation, and membrane permeability, et al., 1998). Increased urinary fractional clearance of phos- as well as many other intracellular regulatory processes phate (4 percent or greater, normal 0â0.5 percent) results (Capen, 1983). Consequently, plasma-ionized calcium con- from PTH effects on increased renal clearance of phospho-
252 NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS OF HORSES rus and is suggestive of NSH (Ronen et al., 1992; David et agus. It has been suggested that inflammation of the duode- al., 1997; Ramirez and Seahorn, 1997). Serum alkaline num results in functional impairment of gastric emptying, phosphatase activity will be elevated as a result of increased with irritation and ulceration of the gastric and esophageal bone osteoclastic activity, but this is not specific for NSH. mucosa probably due to prolonged exposure to acidic lumi- Ration evaluation in conjunction with presenting clinical nal contents. This condition may occur in mini-outbreak signs is the best method for diagnosis of NSH. form on an individual farm and may be preceded by episodes of diarrhea, leading to speculation that a viral or bacterial infection precipitates disease. Gastric mucosal in- Nutritional Management and Prevention flammation and ulceration in foals post-weaning has been Horses affected by NSH can be effectively treated by di- associated with cribbing (Nicol et al., 2002). Cribbing be- etary alterations to increase available dietary calcium intake havior in these foals was decreased after administration of to meet daily requirements, along with a reduction in dietary antacids and ulcer healing, suggesting a cause-and-effect re- phosphorus to an appropriate ratio with calcium. High Ca:P lationship between gastric ulceration and cribbing (see ratios in the range 3:1 to 6:1 have been advocated in the Chapter 11). early treatment of the disease (David et al., 1997; Ramirez Erosion or ulceration of the squamous mucosa is the pre- and Seahorn, 1997). Reversal of clinical signs associated dominant form of EGUS in mature horses (Andrews and with bony changes occurs over a period of months. Progno- Nadeau, 1999; Lester, 2004). The squamous mucosa adja- sis for recovery is good in older horses, although some fa- cent to the margo plicatus is most frequently affected, par- cial distortion may be permanent, and guarded in young ticularly on the lesser curvature. The pathogenesis of these growing horses depending upon severity of bony lesions and lesions is likely multifactorial (see below), but it has been remodeling of long bones (Hunt and Blackwelder, 2002). suggested that diet and feeding practice may alter risk for Prevention of this disease can be accomplished by feed- development of squamous ulcer disease. Ulceration of the ing a diet appropriately balanced to provide sufficient gastric glandular mucosa, alone or in combination with amounts of available calcium and phosphorus and maintain nonglandular squamous lesions, also occurs in mature a dietary Ca:P ratio of between 1 to 2.5:1 (David et al., 1997; horses but is much less common than the squamous form of Ramirez and Seahorn, 1997). Diets containing large EGUS. Clinical signs of EGUS, such as poor appetite and amounts of cereal grains or bran products must have the abdominal pain after feed ingestion, have been described to total dietary calcium content evaluated to ensure adequate be more severe with glandular as compared to squamous le- intake and balance relative to total dietary phosphorus. Di- sions. Concurrent disease and other stress factors, such as etary calcium supplementation may be achieved by increas- prolonged transportation, may predispose to development of ing or substituting legume for grass forages. Alfalfa hay can glandular ulceration. Experimentally high doses of non- provide an excellent source of calcium (Lewis, 1995). Di- steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs induce ulceration of the etary calcium can also be increased with addition of calcium glandular mucosa. carbonate in a mineral or grain supplement. Dietary Ca:P The remainder of this discussion deals with gastric ulcer- ratio greater than 2.5:1 is not warranted unless dietary fac- ation in mature horses. tors impeding calcium availability (i.e., oxalates) are docu- mented. Removal of feed containing high amounts of ox- Epidemiology and Risk Factors alates would be desired; however, feeding supplemental dietary calcium and phosphorus has been shown to control Squamous mucosal ulceration is common in perfor- the disease in grazing horses where alternative feed re- mance horses, with prevalence ranging from approximately sources were not available (McKenzie et al., 1981b). 40â90 percent in various studies (Murray et al., 1996; Mc- Clure et al., 1999; Vatistas et al., 1999b; Rabuffo et al., 2002; Dionne et al., 2003; Andrews et al., 2005). The preva- Gastric Ulcer Syndrome lence and severity of gastric ulceration appears to be de- Equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS) refers to a group pendent on several factors, including feeding and housing of distinct disorders that includes neonatal gastric ulcera- management, and the form and level of physical activity. tion, gastroduodenal ulcer disease of suckling foals, gastric However, intense exercise appears to play a major role in glandular ulceration, and squamous mucosal ulceration (An- the development of squamous gastric ulcers. In an epidemi- drews and Nadeau, 1999; Lester, 2004). The neonatal con- ological study of Thoroughbreds, the prevalence of gastric dition generally occurs in foals with concurrent severe ill- ulcers was 100 percent in actively racing horses and 91 per- ness such as generalized sepsis or peripartum asphyxia cent for horses in race training (Murray et al., 1996). A high syndrome, and it may be clinically inapparent or result in prevalence (67 percent) was also reported in one study of perforation and fatal peritonitis. Gastroduodenal ulcer dis- endurance horses after 50- and 80-km races (Nieto et al., ease in suckling foals is characterized by ulceration of the 2004). In an experimental study, gastric ulceration devel- proximal duodenum, pylorus, stomach, and/or distal esoph- oped soon after the start of simulated race training and was
UNIQUE ASPECTS OF EQUINE NUTRITION 253 maintained during the period of active training (Vatistas et tion might result in enhanced acid secretion and lower stom- al., 1999a). In contrast, there is low prevalence of gastric le- ach pH. sions in horses given limited controlled exercise and kept at pasture (Andrews et al., 2005). In a study of 275 Standard- Stall Confinement breds, horses in race training were nine times more likely to have gastric ulcers than horses not in training (Dionne et al., Confinement housing has been implicated in the devel- 2003). opment of gastric ulcer disease. In one study, squamous mu- Exposure of the squamous mucosa to gastric acid is cosal lesions were apparent 7 days after relocating horses thought to be the primary cause of ulceration, although other from pasture to a stall environment (Murray and Eichorn, acids (short-chain or volatile fatty acids produced by fer- 1996). It has been proposed that lack of socialization with mentation in the stomach or reflux of bile acids from the other horses, changes in dietary composition, and intermit- duodenum) and pepsin also may play a role (Andrews et al., tent rather than continuous feeding could contribute to the 2005). In vitro experiments using strips of nonglandular increased risk of gastric ulceration after confinement squamous mucosa have shown that hydrochloric acid, alone (Lester, 2004). and in combination with volatile fatty acids, cause dose- dependent inhibition of cellular sodium transport, cell swell- Temperament ing, and ulceration (Nadeau et al., 2003a,b). Therefore, fac- tors that alter gastric acid secretion, production of volatile Some studies have reported a higher prevalence of ulcer- fatty acids in the stomach, and exposure of the squamous ation in horses with nervous temperaments. One unproven mucosa to these organic acids may alter risk for develop- hypothesis is that horses with nervous dispositions maintain ment of mucosal injury and ulceration. reduced gastric volume in response to persistent tension of Repeated oral administration of hypertonic electrolyte the abdominal muscles, forcing acidic gastric fluid to the solutions, a common practice in horses during endurance dorsal (squamous) region of the stomach (Lester, 2004). competitions, may be another risk factor for ulceration of the squamous mucosa in horses. In a study of 14 horses, oral Putative Nutritional Factors administration of 56.7 g of commercial electrolyte supple- ment mixed with 60 ml of water once an hour for 8 hours There is no definitive evidence implicating diet in the (approximately 11 g sodium, 24 g chloride, 7.5 g potassium, development of squamous ulcer disease. Possible dietary 1.5 g calcium, and 300 mg magnesium per dose) resulted in influences include the effects of diet composition, meal a significant increase in mean ulcer number (P = 0.017) and size, and feeding frequency on saliva production; the rate severity (P = 0.0006) scores in the nonglandular stomach and extent of intragastric fermentation; and gastric empty- (Holbrook et al., 2005). ing rate (Andrews et al., 2005). Saliva production during the consumption of a hay meal is approximately double that produced during intake of the equivalent DM as grain, in Nonnutritional Factors part due to the longer period of mastication required for in- gestion of forage (Meyer et al., 1985). As the flow of sali- Exercise vary fluid and masticated feed into the stomach may buffer Exercise may favor prolonged exposure of the squamous the acidity of gastric contents, the lower volume of salivary mucosa to gastric glandular secretions (hydrochloric acid, fluid with ingestion of grain may favor mucosal injury due pepsin) and bile acids due to alterations in gastric volume. In to exposure to hydrochloric acid. Another consideration is a study of horses exercising on a treadmill, there was a sud- the potentially ulcerogenic effects of volatile fatty acids den and marked decrease in gastric volume after the onset of (VFA) produced by the fermentation of starch and other trotting in concert with an increase in intra-abdominal pres- readily fermentable substrate in the nonglandular region of sure (Lorenzo-Figueras and Merritt, 2002). The authors sur- the stomach (Nadeau et al., 2003a,b; Andrews et al., 2005). mised that the exercise-induced increase in intra- In studies of harvested equine gastric squamous mucosa, abdominal pressure was responsible for the decrease in gas- the addition of 60 nmol/L VFA (butyric, propionic, acetic, tric volume. Furthermore, the decrease in volume resulted in and valeric acids) resulted in decreased chloride-dependent exposure of the squamous mucosa to the acidic contents sodium transport, cell swelling, and tissue damage (Nadeau (pH 1â2) of the dependent area of the gastric lumen. It also et al., 2003a). In the acidic conditions of the equine stom- has been suggested that an exercise-associated decrease in ach (pH ⤠4), these organic acids will be predominantly in gastric emptying rate increases exposure of the squamous nonionized forms and therefore able to penetrate and dam- mucosa to acidic gastric fluid (Lester, 2004). Other re- age squamous epithelial cells. In a previous study (Nadeau searchers have reported that exercise training results in an et al., 2000), this research group compared the effects of a increase in the serum gastrin response to meal feeding (Furr grass hay (bromegrass) diet vs. a combination of legume et al., 1994). Such an increase in serum gastrin concentra- hay (alfalfa) and grain on gastric squamous epithelial ul-
254 NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS OF HORSES ceration and the pH and VFA contents of gastric juice in Colic horses with surgically implanted gastric cannulae. Surpris- ingly, the number and severity of squamous ulcers were Colic is defined as abdominal pain and is used to describe greater in horses that received the grass hay-only diet. In symptoms resulting from intestinal ileus or inflammation this group, postprandial pH was lower and butyric acid con- (White, 1999). Worldwide, colic is one of the most frequent centration higher when compared to the alfalfa/grain diet, causes of emergency treatment of horses (White, 1990; whereas acetic, propionic, valeric, and isovaleric acid con- Proudman, 1991; Traub-Dargatz et al., 2001) and is reported centrations were higher in the alfalfa/grain diet group, con- as a leading cause of equine mortality in the United States sistent with a higher rate of intragastric fermentation in (Tinker et al., 1997a; USDA, 2001). Estimates of the annual grain-fed horses. In a subsequent analysis of these data, incidence of colic range from 3.5 to 10.6 colic cases per 100 the presence of VFA (butyric, propionic, and valeric acids) horses (Kaneene et al., 1997; Tinker et al., 1997a; USDA, and low stomach pH (gastric acidity) were found to be 2001). Mortality rate among horses with colic has been esti- significant predictors of ulcer severity (Andrews et al., mated in two large-scale studies at 6.6 percent (Tinker et al., 2005). 1997a) and 11 percent (Traub-Dargatz et al., 2001). The size of grain meals may affect the extent of intragas- Colic can be classified according to the disease causing tric fermentation and thus VFA production (Metayer et al., it. These classifications include ileus (e.g., spasm, intralu- 2004; Lorenzo-Figueras et al., 2005). Metayer et al. (2004) minal obstruction, paralytic ileus, displacement/strangula- compared gastric emptying rate in horses fed a small (300 tion); inflammation (e.g., enteritis); ulcer (e.g., gastric ul- g/100 BW) vs. large (700 g/100 kg BW) high-starch con- cers, intestinal ulcers, dorsal colitis); and false colic (e.g., centrate. Although the calculated rate of gastric emptying pregnancy, rhabdomyolitis, liver disease, renal/bladder dis- (g/min) was higher with the large meal, gastric emptying in ease) (White, 1999). However, in many cases, the cause of terms of percent of the total meal was much slower. Thus, colic is unknown (Kaneene et al., 1997; Tinker et al., 1997a; with large starch-rich meals, intragastric fermentation and White, 1999). volatile fatty production may be favored due to the large Several factors have been reported to influence the risk of load of fermentable substrate and longer residence time in colic. These risk factors include diet and feeding character- the stomach. istics, internal parasitism, intrinsic factors (e.g., sex, age, Feeding frequency also may affect the risk of gastric and breed), medical history (e.g., previously affected by squamous ulceration (Murray and Schusser, 1993; Lester, colic), management (e.g., housing, activity level), and 2004). In grazing horses, the continuous flow of saliva and weather-related factors (Goncalves et al., 2002). It should be ingesta may provide a buffering effect such that gastric pH noted that risk factors do not imply a direct cause-and-effect remains above 4 for most of the day. On the other hand, relationship and that the relationship between risk factors given that horses are continuous secretors of gastric acid, and colic is not always clear (Cohen, 1997; Goncalves et al., stomach pH falls when feed is withheld and the nonglandu- 2002). Among the various risk factors identified, diet and lar mucosa is exposed to an acid environment. In healthy feeding characteristics are often associated with the greatest horses, squamous ulceration was induced by alternating 24- risk for colic (Tinker et al., 1997b; Cohen et al., 1999; Hud- hour periods of feed deprivation and ad libitum access to son et al., 2001). The diet and feeding characteristics asso- hay over an 8-day period (Murray and Schusser, 1993). Ul- ciated with the risk of colic include changes in feeding pro- ceration developed after 24 hours of cumulative feed depri- gram, amount of concentrate fed, access to pasture, type of vation. The median intragastric pH during a 24-hour period forage, and characteristics of water delivery. with ad libitum access to grass hay was 3.1, whereas me- Diet change and change of hay were reported to increase dian pH was 1.6 during feed deprivation. These findings the risk of colic by 5 and 9.8 times, respectively, according to confirm that gastric acidity is the primary mechanism of the results of a prospective matched case-control study in- squamous mucosal ulceration and suggest that the typical volving 2,060 horses (Cohen et al., 1999); however, no practice of twice daily meal feeding may be a contributing specifics describing the change were provided (e.g., increase, factor. decrease, change in type, or change in source). In a follow-up Further studies are needed to better elucidate the role of study, the same group reported that a recent change in batch diet composition in ulcer development and to identify feeds of hay (i.e., different source), but not type of hay (e.g., legume and feeding methods that reduce risk of squamous ulcer dis- vs. grass), increased the risk of colic by 4.9 times (Hudson et ease. For example, it has been suggested that the feeding of al., 2001). Additionally, a recent change in type (e.g., pelleted lower starch and higher oil and fiber concentrates is benefi- vs. textured) of grain or concentrate fed increased the risk of cial, but this hypothesis remains unproven. Interestingly, colic 2.6 times. The authors of these studies noted that both corn oil supplementation (45 ml/d) in ponies was associated experiments were conducted during drought conditions, with a significant decrease in gastric acid production and in- which may have influenced the outcome. However, others creased prostaglandin E2 concentration in gastric juice (Car- have also reported increased risk of colic associated with a gile et al., 2004). change in concentrate or hay feeding (Tinker et al., 1997b).
UNIQUE ASPECTS OF EQUINE NUTRITION 255 Concentrate intakes between 2.5 and 5 kg/d and those can result in colic due to inflammation (Jones, 2004) and/or greater than 5 kg/d increased the risk of colic 4.8 and 6.3 blockage (Blikslager and Jones, 2004) of the intestine. times compared to horses on pasture receiving no concen- trate (Tinker et al., 1997b). Concentrate intake of less than Enterolithiasis 2.5 kg/d was not significantly associated with the incidence of colic compared to horses on pasture receiving no con- Enteroliths (intestinal calculi) are found in the large in- centrate. However, the association between amounts of testine, where they may cause obstruction and varying de- grain fed per day and colic is not always clear. Hudson et grees of abdominal pain (colic). Enteroliths are composed of al. (2001) reported that feeding greater than 2.7 kg/d of oats struvite, a mixture of magnesium ammonium phosphate increased the risk of colic 5.9 times, but noted that this fac- (Hassel et al., 2001). The struvite crystals are laid down in tor may not be causative, but only a marker for some other concentric rings, typically surrounding a dense nidus or for- factor (e.g,. level of exercise). Reeves et al. (1996) reported eign body (e.g., cloth, metal, hair, or pebbles). Enteroliths an increased risk of colic associated with feeding increased may form singly or in large groups of small calculi. Large amounts of whole corn grain, but a decreased risk associ- calculi tend to be located in the right dorsal colon, while ated with increased amounts of nonroughage concentrate smaller calculi may enter the transverse colon and descend- feed. Interestingly, the amount of whole corn grain fed was ing colon. Clinical signs of abdominal pain can occur when relatively low (i.e., colic affected and nonaffected horses calculi become lodged in a segment of large intestine, re- consumed 1.3 ± 0.18 and 0.7 ± 0.13 kg/d, respectively), as sulting in variable amounts of distention with gas and in- was the difference in amount of nonroughage concentrate. gesta proximal to the obstruction. Alternatively, multiple Colic affected and nonaffected horses consumed 3.4 ± 0.10 small calculi may cause abdominal pain without obstruc- and 3.9 ± 0.11 kg/d, respectively (Reeves et al., 1996). tion, perhaps due to irritation of the bowel wall. Hudson et al. (2001) reported that a recent decrease in The occurrence of enterolithiasis has been reported over pasture availability (i.e., either no pasture time or a decrease a wide geographic area. However, there is a high prevalence in pasture acreage or time at pasture) increased colic risk of enterolithiasis in certain geographic regions, such as Cal- three times compared to horses in which no change in pas- ifornia and in the southeastern United States (Florida, ture was made. However, the association between colic Louisiana) (Hassel et al., 1999). In one study, horses with risk and pasture access is not always clear (Reeves et al., enterolithiasis represented approximately 15 percent of 1996). horses admitted to the Large Animal Clinic at the University Based on an observation of a small group of horses, Pugh of CaliforniaâDavis for evaluation of colic and 27.5 percent and Thompson (1992) suggested that feeding Coastal of patients undergoing celiotomy for treatment of colic Bermudagrass hay was a factor in the development of im- (Hassel et al., 1999). In contrast, enterolithiasis was an un- paction colic. However, this association has not been sub- common (< 2 percent of cases) cause of colic at a referral stantiated (Cohen et al., 1999). In addition, results of epi- clinic in Texas (Cohen et al., 2000). All breeds of horses can demiological studies implicated water source (e.g., bucket, be affected. However, in one report, Arabian and Arabian pond, automatic waterer) as a colic risk factor, but the rela- crosses, Morgans, American Saddlebreds, and donkeys were tionship is unclear (Reeves et al., 1996; Kaneene et al., significantly overrepresented in the study population (Has- 1997; Cohen et al., 1999). sel et al., 1999), while in another study, Arabian and minia- Mechanisms by which various factors contribute to the ture breeds were at increased risk for development of en- development of colic are not clearly defined. Clarke et al. teroliths (Cohen et al., 2000). A high prevalence in siblings (1990) provided evidence supporting the hypothesis that also has been reported (Hassel et al., 1999), raising the pos- meal feeding of concentrated diets leads to exaggerated fer- sibility of a heritable component to the disease. In a study of mentation characteristics in both the foregut and hindgut 900 equids, the mean age of occurrence was 11.4 years and altered fluid balance in the hindgut. Exaggerated fer- (Hassel et al., 1999). However, colonic obstruction due to an mentation, specifically that resulting in decreased pH, could enterolith has been recognized in horses less than 1 year of result in damage to the intestinal mucosa and/or excess gas age (Lloyd et al., 1987), suggesting that intestinal calculi production leading to intestinal distention (Clarke et al., can grow to sufficient size to cause intestinal obstruction 1990). Rate of passage was increased with increased meal within a short time period. size when high-starch diets were fed to horses (Metayer et al., 2004). Feeding meals containing greater than 2 to 4 g Nutritional Factors starch/kg BW has been reported to increase postileal diges- tion of starch (Potter et al., 1992), which has been reported Several studies have identified increased alkalinity in the to decrease hindgut pH leading to mucosal damage (Garner colonic contents of horses with enteroliths compared with a et al., 1977). Meal feeding of concentrated meals may alter control population (Hintz et al., 1988, 1989; Hassel et al., fluid balance in the hindgut, which could predispose horses 2004). Hassel et al. (2004) measured the pH and mineral to impaction colic (Clarke et al., 1990). Ingestion of sand contents of colonic ingesta in 43 horses with enterolithiasis
256 NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS OF HORSES and 19 horses with surgical colic due to nonstrangulating cent of the day outdoors were at increased risk (OR = 4.5; obstruction of the colon without enteroliths. Mean pH of 95 percent CI, 1.4â13.9) for enterolithiasis, while Hassel et colonic contents for horses with enteroliths (pH 7.32 ± 0.07) al. (2004) found that horses with enteroliths were one-tenth was significantly higher than for control horses (pH 6.93 ± as likely (OR = 0.11; 95 percent CI, 0.03â0.45) to have daily 0.13), while percent colonic dry matter was lower in the access to pasture than horses without enterolithiasis. It was horses with enteroliths (13.6 percent ± 0.7 percent vs. 20.9 suggested that ingestion of grass might dilute the effects of percent ± 2.1 percent). Horses with enterolithiasis also had alfalfa on the chemical composition of colonic contents, a higher percent nitrogen and concentrations of magnesium, speculation in part supported by observations of higher phosphorus, sulfur, sodium, calcium, and potassium in colonic mineral contents in horses without daily access to colonic ingesta (Hassel et al., 2004). The mechanisms of pasture grazing (Hassel et al., 2004). Alternatively, in- these differences in colonic pH and chemical composition creased physical activity by horses at pasture might lower are not known, but contributing factors might include diet risk of enterolith formation via alterations in intestinal tran- composition, mineral content of water supply, and genetic sit, colonic ion exchange, or diet digestibility (Orton et al., differences in mechanisms for colonic luminal ion ex- 1985; Pearson and Merritt, 1991; Hassel et al., 2004). change. Alternatively, the observed differences in mineral The feeding of wheat bran also has been proposed as a risk content and dry matter of colonic ingesta may be attributa- factor for the development of enteroliths because of its rela- ble to the presence of enteroliths rather than the predispos- tively high protein (CP 16â17 percent), phosphorus (1.2 per- ing cause (Hassel et al., 2004). Nonetheless, the higher pH centâ1.3 percent), and magnesium (0.6 percentâ0.7 percent) and mineral content of colonic ingesta might favor deposi- content (Lloyd et al., 1987). However, in the study by Cohen tion of struvite. This hypothesis is consistent with findings et al. (2000), only 1 of 26 horses with enterolithiasis had been in dogs and cats with struvite urolithiasis, wherein formation fed wheat bran. There are no published reports of the rela- of calculi is promoted by alkaline conditions and high min- tionship between mineral content of the water supply and eral concentrations in urine (Osborne et al., 1989). enterolithiasis. An association between the feeding of alfalfa hay and de- velopment of enterolithiasis has been reported (Blue and Nutritional Management Wittkopp, 1981; Lloyd et al., 1987; Murray et al., 1992; Cohen et al., 2000; Hassel et al., 2004). When compared to Studies in dogs and cats have demonstrated that a diet grass forages, alfalfa has both high protein and magnesium with low magnesium, phosphorus, and protein that results in content, which could result in higher levels of ammonium maintenance of low urine pH is effective for prevention or nitrogen and magnesium in the large intestine. In addition, even dissolution of struvite calculi in the urinary tract. The because alfalfa has high buffering capacity (Fadel, 1992), results of epidemiologic and case-control studies (Hassel et high-alfalfa diets could favor alkalinization of colonic con- al., 1999; Cohen et al., 2000; Hassel et al., 2004) that iden- tents and struvite deposition. In support of these considera- tified alkaline pH and higher mineral concentrations in sam- tions, Hassel et al. (2004) reported that horses with en- ples of colonic fluid in horses with enterolithiasis also sug- terolithiasis were fed a higher proportion of alfalfa in their gested that dietary modifications promoting acidification of diet (91.9 percent ± 2.6 percent) compared with control colonic contents might be beneficial for prevention of en- horses (62.1 percent ± 7.7 percent). From univariate regres- terolithiasis in horses. Specific dietary recommendations sion analysis, it was shown that horses on a diet of more than have included the exclusion of alfalfa and wheat bran from 70 percent alfalfa were at greater risk for enterolithiasis the diet, an increase in the grain:hay ratio, and supplemen- (odds ratio [OR] = 13; 95 percent confidence interval [CI], tation with apple cider vinegar (Hintz et al., 1989; Murray et 3.5â48.7) than horses on a lower alfalfa (< 70 percent) diet al., 1992; Lewis, 1995; Stratton-Phelps and Fascetti, 2003). (Hassel et al., 2004). In addition, the mean concentrations of However, there are limited data on the effectiveness of these magnesium, phosphorus, sulfur, sodium, calcium, and approaches for modification of the colonic environment and potassium in colonic contents of horses fed more than 70 no information regarding efficacy for prevention of en- percent alfalfa were 1.5â2 times higher than of horses on the terolith formation. In laboratory experiments, a colonic pH lower alfalfa diet (Hassel et al., 2004). However, because of less than 6.6 reduced the weight of implanted enteroliths most horses fed an alfalfa diet do not develop enteroliths, it (Hintz et al., 1989). Daily supplementation of ponies with is clear that alfalfa is not the only factor involved in en- apple cider vinegar (one-half cup or 110 ml per day) also re- terolith formation. Indeed, in the report of Cohen et al. sulted in a modest decrease in the pH of colonic contents but (2000), 14 of the 26 horses with enterolithiasis were not fed did not appear to reduce the size of enteroliths (Hintz et al., alfalfa. 1989). In epidemiologic studies, stall confinement and/or lack of Based on current knowledge, grass rather than legume access to pasture have been identified as risk factors for en- (alfalfa) forage, should be fed to horses with a history of en- terolithiasis (Cohen et al., 2000; Hassel et al., 2004). In one terolithiasis to reduce intake of nutrients that may promote study (Cohen et al., 2000), horses that spent less than 50 per- struvite deposition. Wheat bran also should be avoided.
UNIQUE ASPECTS OF EQUINE NUTRITION 257 Feeding grain (e.g., 0.5 kg/100 kg BW) and about 1 cup spores, small fungal spores, and dust mites. The role of dust (220 ml) of apple cider vinegar twice daily may be benefi- mites in exacerbating the allergenicity of molds is unclear. cial in promoting mild acidification of colonic contents. Fi- Storage mites infest many feedstuffs and were linked to the nally, daily pasture turnout may reduce risk of enterolith spread and growth of molds within those infected feeds. In formation. addition to these usual allergens, endotoxins (lipopolysac- charides) can amplify the symptoms of RAO (Pirie et al., 2003). The small size of respirable particles allows escape Recurrent Airway Obstruction from the turbinate trap in the upper respiratory tract (Art et Recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) is the accepted ter- al., 2002). If not captured by the bronchial mucociliary minology for the disease entity in mature horses formerly mechanism, these particles can traverse to the alveoli. The known as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or threshold limiting value (TLV) is the level of exposure of an heaves (Robinson, 2001). Approximately 9.2 percent of agent above which disease or organic dysfunction can occur. clinical cases referred to North American veterinary teach- The TLV of spores for horse stables has been calculated at 33 ing hospitals have RAO (Ward and Couetil, 2005). Epi- particles/cm3 (Webster et al., 1987). demiologic studies indicate that affected horses were typi- Thermotolerant and thermophilic fungal species (As- cally 4 years or older and symptoms occurred more often in pergillus, Rhizomucor, Penicillium, and Stachybotrys spp.) winter and spring and occurred more often in the southern produce the majority of small respirable, fungal spores in than northern hemisphere (Couetil and Ward, 2003; Ward hays, straw, and shavings (Clarke and Madelin, 1987). The and Couetil, 2005). The monthly prevalence of RAO was high temperature conditions (> 38°C) preferred by these significantly correlated to total pollen counts measured 3 fungi most often occur in poorly cured hay, which heats dur- months before clinical symptoms and to total mold counts ing storage. Fungal invasion was shown to occur in the occurring 1 month before or during the same month of clinic stand-ing crop, during curing, and during storage, but admission (Ward and Couetil, 2005). A genetic predisposi- growth during storage was enhanced in square alfalfa hay tion has been reported with exacerbation by environmental bales when moisture content of the hay was high (29 percent contaminants in stables and age of horse (Marti, 2001; Marti ) at baling (Wittenberg et al., 1989). For horses with heaves, and Ohnesorge, 2002). The incidence of RAO in German hay should contain few mold and fungi. Hay has been Warmblood horses was 17, 48, and 69 percent when neither, graded at levels I through III based on numbers of mold and one, or both parents, respectively, were affected by RAO fungi type. Grade I hay had less than 999 particles/mg symptoms. Using a relative risk analysis, Marti and Ohne- source material, grade II ranged from 1,000â4,999 parti- sorge (2002) reported that the relative risk of RAO is low in cles/mg source material, and grade III contained more than offspring (13 percent) if neither dam nor sire is affected, but 5,000 particles/ mg source material (Clarke and Madelin, increased 3.2-fold (P < 0.05) if either parent was affected 1987). Hays and bedding with a grade III score are undesir- and 4.6-fold (P < 0.05) if both parents were affected. able for horses because millions of spores can be inhaled Environmental pollutants, generically labeled as âstable from these materials by a horse. dust,â include airborne fungi, thermophilic actinomycetes, Bedding has also been shown to contribute to horse sta- dust mites, endotoxins, and inorganic compounds (Clarke ble dust. Harvesting conditions often determine the quality and Madelin, 1987; McGorum et al., 1998; Art et al., 2002) of the straw for bedding. Based on their mold content, and typically enter the microenvironment (stall) and straws used to bed horse stalls were generally classified as macroenvironment (stable) through feed and bedding. RAO good or poor quality (Clarke and Madelin, 1987; Vandenput symptoms are not exclusive to indoor-stabled horses. A et al., 1997). Straws and shavings had a similar complement condition known as âsummer-pasture-associated obstructive of molds as contaminated hays, whereas peat harbored few pulmonary diseaseâ (SPAOPD; also known as âsummer- potential allergenic molds (Clarke and Madelin, 1987). By pasture associated allergyâ) has been recorded in horses on contrast, good-quality wheat and flax straw had fewer res- pasture (Seahorn and Beadle, 1993; Costa et al., 2000). pirable particles and allergenic spores than wood shavings (Vandenput et al., 1997). All-natural bedding materials were inferior to cardboard bedding, which had low levels of res- Nutritional Factors pirable dust and spores (Kirschvink et al., 2002c). Pelleted Stable dusts have been classified as nonrespirable (> 10 newspaper may be an alternative to straw and shavings as mm) or respirable (large or small) particles (Clarke and bedding, although particle mass less than 10 µm was ini- Madelin, 1987). Large respirable particles are 5â10 mm and tially higher in the newspaper product than either natural include particles such as plant structures, large pollen grains, bedding material when spread in the stall (Ward et al., and âfair weatherâ spores (Alternaria, Cladosporium spp). 2001). This study also confirmed that microbial numbers in These particles typically are not inhaled because of rapid the breathing zone and on the legs of horses were greater in sedimentation to the stable floor. Small respirable particles autumn than in summer. When bedding down the stall, are 0.1â5 mm and are typically comprised of actinomycetes horses should be removed from the barn. In one study, the
258 NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS OF HORSES high exposure to respirable dust particles during âbedding idized and reduced glutathione, glutathione redox ratio, and downâ increased airborne particles in the breathing zone of ascorbic acid have been characterized in normal horses un- the horse 3- to 6-fold (Webster et al., 1987). Good stable dergoing RAO episodes and those in remission (Art et al., ventilation is indispensable in the control of respirable par- 1999; Kirschvink et al., 2002a; Deaton et al., 2004). Horses ticles in the breathing zone of the horse, yet many stables with an induced RAO or clinical RAO crisis have increased were inadequately ventilated to accomplish this objective production of elastase, decreased ascorbic acid concentra- (Webster et al., 1987). tion in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and epithelial lining fluid (Deaton et al., 2004, 2005a,b) and increased total glu- tathione and oxidized glutathione (Art et al., 1999). Al- Pathogenesis and Clinical Symptoms though these data would indicate an increased production of Exposure of a sensitized horse to excessive amounts of free radicals or reactive oxygen species and that ascorbate respirable dust particles or organic dust in hay and moldy might be protective, the acute neutrophilic episode did not bedding has been shown to initiate neutrophilic inflamma- result in a marked pulmonary oxidative stress (Deaton et al., tion of the small airway (bronchioles) and/or the entire tra- 2005b; Deaton, 2006). When healthy horses were given an- cheobronchial tree (Robinson et al., 1996). Altered re- tioxidant supplements including ascorbic acid, there was no sponses by the mucociliary system result in increased mucus effect on ascorbic acid concentrations in pulmonary epithe- and/or mucopus production in the bronchial and bronchiolar lial lining fluid (Deaton et al., 2002), yet an antioxidant sup- tree (Gerber et al., 2004), mucosal edema, and broncho- plement containing vitamins C and E plus selenium given to spasm, eventually followed by varying degrees of fibrosis heaves-affected horses in remission resulted in improved ex- and fibroplasia of the submucosa. These pathologies reduce ercise tolerance and lower airway inflammation (Kirschvink oxygen exchange and a progressively reduced exercise tol- et al., 2002b). Further data will be required to determine if erance of the horse. Other symptoms, which can be mild to dietary ascorbic acid supplementation ameliorates or pro- severe, include coughing, respiratory distress, mucus or mu- tects the equine airway from pathology associated with the copurulent nasal discharge, abnormal lung sounds, in- inflammatory responses seen in RAO. creased work in breathing, and an abdominal âheaveâ line after chronic and sustained respiratory impairment (Robin- Nutritional Management and Prevention son et al., 2003). Importantly, the symptoms of RAO can be induced by a moldy hay/straw challenge in affected horses The best environment for RAO-prone horses has been to (McGorum et al., 1993). house them outdoors on pasture (Art et al., 2002). Horses The hypothesized causes for the airway hyperresponsive- with symptoms of heaves become asymptomatic within 4â6 ness seen in RAO-affected, RAO-prone horses, and SPAOD- days of being turned outdoors (Vandenput et al., 1998). Im- affected horses are numerous. Airway inflammation seen in provement in respiratory function was observed within 3 RAO has been suggested to originate at a cellular level, in days after pasture turnout in horses who were induced into a part from increased activity of transcription factors such as RAO episode by environmental modification (Jackson et al., nuclear factor-KB and activator protein-1 (Bureau et al., 2000). However, every precaution must be taken to mini- 2000). The profound neutrophilia seen in RAO may promote mize respiratory allergens even when the heaves-prone the continued production of mucus by the mucociliary ap- horses are kept outdoors. Supplementary hays and grains, if paratus (Gerber et al., 2004), perhaps through upregulation fed, should have minimal organic dust content. Despite the of equine MUC5AC mucin mRNA (Gerber et al., 2003). apparent benefit of housing RAO horses outside, the outdoor Other pathologic indicators in RAO horses include an in- environment may not be acceptable for horses prone to creased expression of IL-4 mRNA and IL-13 mRNA and a SPAOPD. decreased expression of IFN-γ mRNA indicative of an IgE- Unfortunately, horse athletes, including RAO-affected mediated response (Robinson, 2001; Bowles et al., 2002), horses, must often be stabled. If bedded and fed with feeds increased IL-1 β mRNA (Matera et al., 2005), higher sys- with low allergenicity, even RAO-affected horses appear to temic levels of endothelin-1 (Benamou et al., 1998), and re- be able to stay asymptomatic indoors. Thompson and duced densities of the β-adrenergic receptors of the lung and McPherson (1984) showed that horses with symptoms of bronchi particularly of the β-1 subtype, which may increase RAO became asymptomatic within 4â24 days after mea- airway smooth muscle sensitivity (Abraham et al., 2006). sures were taken to control dust in the stable by bedding The upregulation of the inflammatory genes has been with shredded paper and feeding a complete pelleted diet. linked to the redox conditions initiated by the increase in re- Similar observations were observed in heaves-affected active oxidant species (ROS) or free radicals during inflam- horses bedded with cardboard or good-quality straw and fed mation (Kirschvink and Lekeux, 2005). The overabundance a completed pelleted diet (Vandenput et al., 1998; of ROS in airway inflammation relative to the level of neu- Kirschvink et al., 2002c). tralizing oxidants has been speculated to exacerbate airway Good-quality hay for RAO-affected horses has low num- pathology. The concentrations of antioxidant indicators, ox- bers of thermophilic and thermotolerant molds and fungi
UNIQUE ASPECTS OF EQUINE NUTRITION 259 and dust mite allergens, but, contrary to popular belief, sta- Annandale, E. J., S. J. Valberg, J. R. Mickelsen, and E. R. Seaquist. 2004. ble operators were less able to detect mold through smell or Insulin sensitivity and skeletal muscle glucose transport in horses with polysaccharide storage myopathy. Neuromusc. Dis. 14:666â 674. appearance than expected (Clarke and Madelin, 1987). Ãrnason, T., and Bjarnason, T. 1994. Growth, development and size of Ice- Moreover, feed quality, based on allergenicity, cannot be landic toelter horses. BúvÃsindi 8:73â83. guaranteed because weather conditions at the time of har- Art, T., N. Kirschvink, N. Smith, and P. Lekeux. 1999. Indices of oxidative vest, methods of harvest, and storage all profoundly influ- stress in blood and pulmonary epithelium lining fluid in horses suffer- ence mold growth in hays, straws, silage, and grains. Al- ing from recurrent airway obstruction. Equine Vet. J. 31:397â401. Art, T., B. C. McGorum, and P. Lekeux. 2002. Environmental control of though pelleted or cubed alfalfa and grass silage can have respiratory diseases. In Equine Respiratory Diseases, P. Lekeux, ed. low levels of aeroallergens and dust and have been effec- Document No. B0334.0302. Ithaca, NY: International Veterinary Infor- tively used in diets of stabled, heaves-affected horses (Ray- mation Services. mond et al., 1994; Vandenput et al., 1997), these observa- Bailey, S. R., C. M. Marr, and J. Elliott. 2004. Current research and theo- tions may not apply universally to similar feeds produced in ries on the pathogenesis of acute laminitis in the horse. Vet. J. 167:129â142. other geographic areas. Poor-quality meals and uncoated Barneveld, A., and P. R. van Weeren, 1999. Conclusions regarding the in- pellets can expose animals to a large number of respirable fluence of exercise on the development of the equine musculoskeletal particles (Li et al., 1993), so quality of these products should system with special reference to osteochondrosis. Equine Vet. J. Suppl. also be evaluated. 31:112â119. Management to prevent and control symptoms of RAO Barneveld A., R. van Weeren, J. Knaap. 1999. Influence of early exercise on the locomotion system. 50th Annual Meeting of the European Asso- involves medical treatment, as well as eliminating or mini- ciation for Animal Production, Zurich. mizing the respiratory tract allergens (stable dust, especially Bell, R. A., B. D. Neilsen, K. Waite, D. Rosenstein, and M. Orth. 2001. respirable particles) in the horseâs macroenvironment (barn) Daily access to pasture turnout prevents loss of mineral in the third and microenvironment (stall). There are several ways to re- metacarpus of Arabian weanlings. J. Anim. Sci. 79:1142â1150. duce exposure of the horse to respirable dust: keep the horse Benamou, A. E., T. Art, D. J. Marlin, C. A. Roberts, and P. Lekeux. 1998. Variations in systemic and pulmonary endothelin-1 in horses with re- outdoors, use only dust and mold-free feeds, moisten feeds, current airway obstruction (heaves). Pulm. Pharmacol. Therap. use nondusty bedding, wash stalls regularly to remove dust, 11:231â235. and provide effective and sufficient ventilation to remove Benders, N. A., K. Junker, T. H. Wensing, S. G. A. M. van den Ingh, and J. dust particles in barn and stall air (Thompson and McPher- H. van der Kolk. 2001. Diagnosis of secondary hyperparathyroidism in son, 1984; Webster et al., 1987; Raymond et al., 1994; Van- a pony using intact parathyroid hormone radioimmunoassay. Vet. Rec. 149:185â187. denput et al., 1998). Soaking or steaming can reduce res- Beneus, L. 2005. Lokalisation av osteochondrosforandrengar hos Svenska pirable particles in hay. The major impact of soaking hay to havhodshastar. Ph.D. Thesis. Uppsala University, Sweden. reduce respirable particles was realized within 30 minutes; Bertone, J. J. 1992. Nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism. Pp. no further benefit was observed in soaking hay for 12 hours 119â122 in Current Therapy in Equine Medicine, 3rd ed., N. E. Robin- (Moore-Colyer, 1996). Although soaking hay up to 30 min- son, ed. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders. Beynen, A. C., and J. M. Hallebeek 2002. High-fat diets for horses. Pp 1â13 utes or steaming for 80 minutes reduced 93 percent of res- in Proc. 1st Europ. Equine Nutr. Health Cong., Antwerp Zoo, Belgium. pirable particles, steaming had no effect on nutrient loss Available at http://www.equine-congress.com. Accessed April 15, 2006. whereas soaking reduced phosphorus, potassium, magne- Blackman, M., and M. J. S. Moore-Colyer. 1998. Hay for horses: the effects sium, sodium, and copper concentrations in hay (Blackman of three different wetting treatments on dust and nutrient content. Anim. and Moore-Colyer, 1998). Horses affected with chronic and Sci. 66:745â750. Blaney, B. J., R. J. W. Gartner, and R. A. McKenzie. 1981. The effects of severe RAO are reported to be thinner than unaffected co- oxalate in some tropical grasses on the availability to horses of calcium, horts because of a 41 percent increase in resting energy ex- phosphorus and magnesium. J. Agric. Sci. 97:507â514. penditure (Mazan et al., 2004). Thus, in addition to control- Blikslager, A. T., and S. L. Jones. 2004. Obstructive disorders of the gas- ling respirable dusts, horses with heaves may require a diet trointestinal tract. P. 922 in Equine Internal Medicine, 2nd ed., S. M. designed to provide a higher caloric intake. Reed, W. M. Bayly, and D. C. Sellon, eds. St. Louis: Saunders. Blue, M. G., and R. W. Wittkopp. 1981. 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R. van Weeren, L. M. van horses at pasture in Queensland: Field and laboratory observations. Golde, and A. Barneveld. 1999. Changes in proteoglycan metabolism in Austral. Vet. J. 52:11â16. osteochondrotic articular cartilage of growing foals. Equine Vet J. Ward, M. P., and L. L. Couetil. 2005. Climatic and aeroallergen risk factors Suppl. 31:38â44. for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in horses. Am. J. Vet. Res. Van der Harst, M. R., C. H. van de Lest, J. Degroot, G. H. Kiers, P. A. 66:818â824. Brama, and P. R. van Weeren. 2005. Study of cartilage and bone layers Ward, P. L., J. E. Wohlt, and S. E. Katz. 2001. Chemical, physical, and en- of the bearing surface of the equine metacarpophalangeal joint relative vironmental properties of pelleted newspaper compared to wheat straw to different time scales of maturation. Equine Vet. J. 37: 200â206. and wood shavings as bedding for horses. J. Anim. Sci. 79:1359â1369. Vandenput, S., L. Istasse, B. Nicks, and P. Lekeux. 1997. Airborne dust and Webster, A. J. F., A. F. Clarke, T. M. Madelin, and C. M. Wathers. 1987. Air aeroallergen concentrations in different sources of feed and bedding for hygiene in stables 1. Effects of stable design, ventilation and manage- horses. Vet. Quart. 19:154â158. ment on the concentration of respirable dust. Equine Vet. J. Vandenput, S., D. H. Duvivier, D. Votion, T. Art, and P. Lekeux. 1998. En- 19:448â453. vironmental control to maintain stabled COPD horses in clinical remis- White N. A. 1990. Epidemiology and etiology of colic. Pp. 53â56 in The sion: effects on pulmonary function. Equine Vet. J. 30:93â96. Equine Acute Abdomen, N. A. White, ed. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger. Van Weeren, P. R., M. M. S. van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan, and A. Barn- White, N. A. 1999. Definition and causes of colic. P. 1 in Handbook of eveld. 1999. The influence of birth weight, rate of weight gain and final Equine Colic, N. A. White and G. B. Edwards, eds. Boston: Butterworth achieved height and sex on the development of osteochondrotic lesions Heinemann. in a population of genetically predisposed Warmblood foals. Equine Whitton, R. C. 1998. Equine developmental osteochondral lesions: the role Vet. J. Suppl. 31:26â30. of biomechanics. Vet. J. 156:167â168. Van Weeren, P. R., J. Knaap, and E. C. Firth. 2003. Influence of liver cop- Wisniewski, E., W. Krumrych, M. Gehrke, and P. Mazurek. 1999. Fibrotic per status of mare and newborn foal on the development of osteochon- osteodystrophy in the horse. Medycyna-Weterynaryjna 55:84â88. drotic lesions. Equine Vet. J. 35:67â71. Wittenberg, K. M., S. A. Moshtaghi-Nia, P. A. Mills, and R. G. Platford. Vatistas, N., J. R. Synder, G. Carlson, B. Johnson, R. M. Arthur, M. Thur- 1989. Chitin analysis of hay as a means of determining fungal invasion mond, H. Zhou, and K. L. K. Lloyd. 1999a. Cross-sectional study of during storage. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 27:101â110. gastric ulcers of the squamous mucosa in Thoroughbred racehorses. Worth, M. J., J. P. Fontenot, and T. N. Meacham. 1987. Physiological ef- Equine Vet. J. Suppl. 29:34â39. fects of exercise and diet on metabolism in the equine. P. 145 in Proc. Vatistas, N., R. L. Sifferman, J. Holste, J. L. Cox, G. Pinalto, and K. T. 10th Equine Nutr. Physiol. Soc. Symp., Ft. Collins, CO. Schultz. 1999b. Induction and maintenance of gastric ulceration in Zechner, P., F. Zohman, J. Solkner, I. Bodo, F. Habe, E. Marti, and G. Brem. horses in race training. Equine Vet. J. Suppl. 29:40â44. 2001. Morphological description of the Lipizzan horse population. Vervuert, I., M. Coenen, A. Borchers, M. Granel, S. Winkelsett, L. Christ- Livest. Prod. Sci. 69:163â177. mann, O. Distl, E. Bruns, and B. Hertsch. 2003. Growth rates and the Zeyner, A., H. Kirbach, and M. Fürll. 2002. Effects of substituting starch incidence of osteochondrotic lesions in Hanoverian Warmblood with fat on the acid-base and mineral status of female horses. Equine foalsâPreliminary data. E. European Zoo Nutr. Centre, Antwerp. Abstr. Vet. J. Suppl. 34:85â91. Article 34.
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Around MLS: MLS Destined for Detroit? Drogba’s Return
April 27, 20169:56AM EDT
Ed Cahill
Follow@ EdCahill
MLS to Detroit?
With all the talk of MLS expansion as of late, Detroit was a city mentioned by Don Garber in a recent visit to Sacramento, California. The current supporters of Detroit City Football Club didn’t seem to take that news too well, as you can see in this story from mlive.com.
Well, it looks like that development may come sooner than anyone thought. On Tuesday, Major League Soccer announced that Detroit Pistons owner Tom Gores and Cleveland Cavaliers owner Dan Gilbert are forming an investment group to bring MLS to Detroit. The group will meet with Don Garber in Detroit on Wednesday.
Read More: NBA owners Tom Gores, Dan Gilbert partner to bring MLS team to Detroit
Time to Panic in Seattle?
The Seattle Sounders have made the playoffs every year since joining the league in 2009. This season, that streak seems to be in danger. Seven games in, Seattle has accrued just seven points and sits second-to-last in the Western Conference table.
Sounders Head Coach Sigi Schmid doesn’t think it’s time to push the panic but just yet. "The important thing for us is not to panic at this stage," he said. "We've gotten seven points in our last four games. And if we can continue to get seven points from every four games here on out, we'll be in the playoffs."
More on Seattle's Tough Start - at ESPN FC
Drogba Could Play Again Midweek
It looks like Didier Drogba is back in the picture for the Montreal Impact. After missing a handful of early season games to avoid playing on artificial surfaces, it seems like Drogba is prepared to make a short turnaround from his first 90 minute performance of the year. He has made the trip to New York for Wednesday night’s matchup with NYCFC.
See what Montreal Head Coach Mauro Biello had to say about Drogba’s Performance
Around MLS
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Working at Ormiston College
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Our Junior School is one of the leading private primary schools in Brisbane. Ormiston College's primary school program includes both Prep and Junior School. Prep is the first entry point into the College and Junior School extends from Year 1 to Year 6. From Prep through to Year 6, our Junior School develops transferable skills and knowledge in a nurturing environment that promotes curiosity, problem solving, creative thinking, and informed decision making. Our outstanding resources and quality curriculum provide students with a firm grasp on core education skills, as well as experience with art, languages, technology, music and drama, science, library research and physical education. Both Prep and Junior School provide students with a firm academic foundation through a supportive private education environment as well as giving them the grounding to become confident, and independent young adults.
Our Preparatory (Prep) School has a wonderful program, filled with the buzz and activity of all our busy little bodies exploring their environment, learning new skills and generally having fun. We believe that children learn best in a play-based environment. The Prep School Curriculum Guidelines highlight that play is a natural activity through which children make meaning of the world around them. Play facilitates all development and is an invaluable means for initiating, promoting and sustaining learning. Our Prep children participate in a fun hands-on way with painting, drawing, construction, music, literacy, numeracy, role-playing, dance and movement. Children are encouraged to collaborate and negotiate, learn, solve problems and construct knowledge together. We believe in providing a setting that enriches these experiences, that is visually pleasing and intellectually stimulating both indoors and out. The light, airy rooms of our Prep school blend with the outdoor play area in the natural setting for which Ormiston College is renowned.
Junior School is where core skills and the foundations for future success are laid. Students are inspired and empowered through innovative learning strategies to explore their world and develop a love of learning. Our Junior School curriculum is delivered by individual class teachers for core skills and specialist teachers in art, technology, music, drama, science, library research, and physical education. It also includes LOTE in Years 5 and 6, as well as our exceptional co-curricular program. Our Junior School captures our village community feel. The Junior School forms an enclosing circle around an extensive courtyard where the pre-existing eucalyptus trees (complete with resident koalas) have been left for shade.
All classrooms are spacious, air conditioned and well equipped to provide a productive, stimulating environment where children can learn and grow according to their individual abilities, learning styles and interests. All Junior School classrooms are equipped with interactive whiteboards that allow teachers to deliver lessons in a range of different styles, and a bank of computers in each room allows students regular access to digital learning resources stored on the school network and the internet.
The Junior School also enjoys its own playground, oval and outdoor multi-purpose courts, art centre and music centre. Our Junior School students benefit from world-class private school facilities including fully-equipped computer laboratories, specialist science laboratories, Junior Arts Centre, the Lingo Lin Performing Arts Theatre, Somerset Sports Centre, and Marsson Aquatic Centre.
Explore Ormiston College for yourself – call our Registrar to book a private tour or to be sent more information phone +61 7 3488 6794
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Comedy Films on Blu-ray
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Home / Films on Blu-ray / Comedy Films on Blu-ray / Run Fat Boy Run Blu-Ray
Run Fat Boy Run Blu-Ray
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Love. Commitment. Responsibility. There's nothing he can't run away from...
An overweight man leaves his fiancé on their wedding day, only to realize years later that she's the one and only woman of his dreams in a romantic comedy that reunites Big Nothing co-stars Simon Pegg and David Schwimmer, this time with Schimmer in the director's chair. It's not easy to win back a woman after leaving her at the altar, but when an out-of-shape man finally realizes just what a mistake he's made, he vows to run a high-profile marathon in order to convince his ex-fiancé that the rich and handsome man she's about to marry isn't the guy for her.
Approx Run Time 100Mins
Every time you make a purchase at ozgameshop.com we give you 2.5% of the price you paid back in Player Points
by Olivier on September 15th 2013
David Schwimmer's (Friends) directorial debut, Run, Fatboy, Run is a well made, light comedy that has an easygoing but captivating story. Trying to get his life on track, the unhealthy and uncommitted Dennis Doyle (Simon Pegg) decides to run a marathon to prove his love for his absent love interest. Not the greatest thing you'll ever see, but it is a really solid film.
by Nathan on September 20th 2012
run fat boy run is a cool bit of light entertainment. it stars simon pegg, mr black books and a few other recognizable faces. Its about a divorced dad who feels he has to run a marathon to prove something to his ex. the usual predictable montages are included and some funny lines delivered well.
Genre Comedy, Romance, Sports
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Scottish public support bottle deposit return scheme
By Deborah Williams
Deborah Williams 22 February 2019
Scottish public support bottle deposit return scheme. Credit: Michael Coghlan
The Scottish government has announced the results of its three-month consultation into a bottle deposit return scheme (DRS) on Thursday.
More than 3,000 consultation responses were received, showing the Scottish public in favour of implementing a DRS and highlighting the support for a minimum deposit level of 15p.
Under a DRS, Scottish consumers would pay a deposit in addition to the product price. This would be refunded upon recycling at a nominated returns location.
The results, published by environment secretary Roseanna Cunningham, also showed that the respondents preferred a ‘staged introduction’ of the scheme, starting with a limited group of materials before future expansion.
Norwegian sensor-based sorting solutions company TOMRA welcomed the announcement, with managing director of collection solutions Truls Haug saying: “It is fantastic to see the Scottish Government’s discussions on DRS gathering pace with the release of these consultation results. Based on our global experience we believe a DRS will help see the return of over 90% of drinks containers for recycling within just two years of the scheme being introduced in Scotland.
“In particular we welcome the findings that an overwhelming majority of respondents want to see a very broad range of materials included, with 90% wishing to see PET, cans and glass as part of a DRS for Scotland.
“Furthermore 88% want an ‘all-in’ scheme rather that one limited to on-the-go and we are in full agreement. A model with as few restrictions as possible, which is convenient and easy to use, will achieve the best return rates.
“The Scottish Government is already at the forefront when it comes to sustainability with its Circular Economy Strategy and a DRS is the perfect example of a working circular economy. The system safeguards material quality, ensuring containers can be recycled back into bottles and cans, reducing the reliance on the raw materials needed to make new ones, and waste ending up in landfills or in nature as litter.
“It is extremely encouraging to hear that an advisory group will meet as soon as next week to discuss implementation of these game-changing recommendations.”
TOMRA, which operates several DRS trials with UK retailers, has also welcomed the launch of a consultation by the Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (Defra) on the introduction of a DRS for England, Wales and Northern Ireland.
Haug said: “With one consultation complete for Scotland and another getting underway for England, Wales and Northern Ireland, positive steps are being taken to help turn off the tap of plastic pollution.”
TexTrace
Hapa develops and produces printing systems that allow printing an...
Hapa develops and produces printing systems that allow printing an a range of packaging materials, including blisters, labels and other roll-fed materials.
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@PeterLarsenBSF
plarsen@scng.com
Tweets by Peter Larsen
Members of the Doors, Jason Mraz, Alejandro Aranda’s Scarypoolparty and more play Homeward Bound homeless benefit
Other performers helping raise money for the homeless non-profit PATH include Dave Stewart of Eurhythmics and Fitz and the Tantrums
4 big moments as Coldplay, Billie Eilish, Black Keys rock ALT 98.7’s Alter Ego concert at the Forum
The radio station show at the Forum also included the Black Keys, the Lumineers, Shaed and Blink-182.
NAMM 2020 attendees sample Mixhalo, which aims to revolutionize concert sound
The tech created by Incubus guitarist Mike Einziger and his violinist wife Ann Marie Simpson-Einziger sends soundboard-quality audio to an app on fans' phones
The inside tale of Fleetwood Mac’s ‘Rumours’ and ‘Tusk,’ according to producer Ken Caillat at NAMM 2020
Hired as engineer, Caillat helped craft the sound of the band as it was coming apart over personal issues while at its professional peak
Billie Eilish producer (and sibling) Finneas O’Connell tells NAMM crowd about working with John Legend, Selena Gomez and more
The sibling of Eilish is up for producer of the year at the Grammy's this month for her debut album.
Yamaha delivers NAMM 2020 surprises with new innovations and 4 concerts
In addition to new musical instruments and other products, the Orange County-based Yamaha also will present four big concerts over the course of the annual convention
KOST-FM lays off longtime afternoon DJ Mark Wallengren after 35 years on air
The two well-known radio personalities lost their jobs in part of a nationwide move by iHeartRadio on Wednesday.
The film also stars Peter Dinklage, Bradley Whitford and Walton Goggins as mental hospital patients who each believe they are the son of God
'MASH,' 'The Mary Tyler Moore Show' and the debut album from Black Sabbath all are among the moments of pop culture history that happened in 1970.
Pearl Jam announces two shows at the Forum in Inglewood in April
A new album, 'Gigaton,' is also on the way this spring.
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Papers & Offprints (16)
Home > Invertebrates > Crustacea >
Showing 61 to 90 of 355 items sorted by Popularity
<< Page 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | .. | 12 >>
Palaemonid Shrimps from the Amazon Basin, Brazil (Crustacea: Decapoda: Natantia)
by Kensley, B.; Walker, I.
Revision of Corophiidae and related families (Amphipoda)
by Barnard, J.L.
Pelagic Amphipods of the Genus Hyperia and Closely Related Genera (Hyperiidea : Hyperiidae)
by Bowman, T.E.
Galathea (Liverpool Marine Biology Committee Memoirs on Typical British Marine Plants and Animals, Vol. XXXIV)
by Pike, R.B.
Eupagurus (Liverpool Marine Biology Committee Memoirs on Typical British Marine Plants and Animals, Vol. XXI)
by Jackson, H.G.
Cancer (Liverpool Marine Biology Committee Memoirs on Typical British Marine Plants and Animals, Vol. XVI)
by Pearson, J.
Shrimps of the Pacific Coast of Canada
by Butler, T.H.
Decapodes marcheurs Faune de France 37
by Bouvier, E.-L.
British Freshwater Crustacea Malacostraca: a key with ecological notes
by Gledhill, T.; Sutcliffe, D.W.; Williams, W.D.
Systematics, Speciation, and Distribution of the Subterranean Amphipod Genus Stygonectes (Gammaridae)
by Holsinger, J.R.
Revision of Recent Bairdiidae (Ostracoda)
by Maddocks, R.F.
Free-Living Copepoda From Ifaluk Atoll in the Caroline Islands with notes on related species
by Vervoort, W.
The Grapsoid Crabs of America
by Rathbun, M.J.
Copepods gathered by the United States Fisheries Steamer 'Albatross' from 1887 to 1909, chiefly in the Pacific Ocean: Contributions to the Biology of the Philippine Archipelago and adjacent Regions
by Wilson, C.B.
Freshwater Ostracods
by Henderson, P.A.
CD-ROM Out of Print
Mulivariate analyses of the macrozooplankton community and euphausiid larval ecology in the Prydz Bay region, Antarctica
by Hosie, G.W.
The Fine Structure of Crustacean Proprioceptors The Chordotonal Organs in the Legs of the Shore Crab, Carcinus Maenas
by Whitear, M
Beitraege zur Naturgeschichte der Isopoden
by Leichmann, G.
Half cloth £65.00
The Biology of Terrestrial Isopods V
by Sfenthourakis, S.; De Araujo, P.B.; Hornung, E. (Eds)
Hardback £125.00
New Book Availability : Usually available within 7 day(s)
Crustaceans and the Biodiversity Crisis: Proceedings of the Fourth International Crustacean Congress, July 20-24, 1998. Vol. 1
by Schram, F.R.; Vaupel Klein, J.C. von (Eds)
Type-catalogue of the Decapod Crustacea in the collections of the Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum: With appendices of pre-1900 collectors and material
by Fransen, C.H.J.M.; Holthuis, L.B.; Adema, J.P.H.M.
Taxonomy, Phylogeny, Historical Biogeography, and Historical Ecology of the genus Pontonia Latreille: (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae)
by Fransen, C.H.J.M.
The Biodiversity Crisis and Crustacea: Proceedings of the Fourth International Crustacean Congress, Amsterdam, July 1998. Vol. 2
by Vaupel Klein, J.C. von; Schram, F.R. (Eds)
Copepod Evolution
by Huys, R.; Boxshall, G.A.
Treatise on Zoology - Anatomy, Taxonomy, Biology - The Crustacea, Vol. 2
by Forest, J.; Von Vaupel Klein, J.C.; Schram, F.R. (Eds)
Stomatopod Larvae. The John Murray Expedition 1933-34 Scientific Reports Vol. VI, No. 6
by Foxon, G.E.H.
The planktonic copepods of the northeastern Atlantic Ocean: Harpacticoida, Siphonostomatoida and Mormonilloida
by Boxshall, G.A.
The Littoral and Semi-parasitic Cyclopoida, the Monstrilloida and Notodelphyoida. The John Murray Expedition 1933-34 Scientific Reports Vol. IX, No. 2
by Sewell, R.B.S.
The Epibionts and Parasites of Planktonic Copepoda of the Arabian Sea. The John Murray Expedition 1933-34 Scientific Reports Vol. IX, No. 4
Report on Stomatopod Larvae, Cumacea and Cladocera Great Barrier Reef Expedition 1928-29. Scientific Reports. IV(11)
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PEN SALE
Rhodia Bloc A4 lined paper
I've written quite a lot of reviews in my trusty Clairefontaine notebook now. But what you don't know is the amount of times that I re-write a single review before posting it (hint: a lot of times, believe me!) So last week my beloved Clairefontaine notebook was full! That obviously made it necessairy to find a replacement that was at least equally good, and believe me, it wasn't easy!
Luckilly we went to Amsterdam and Utrecht last week, which are two of the biggest cities in Holland, so I searched carefully, and I was really happy to find a Rhodia bloc (Because they don't sell those in Belgium!) A lot of fellow bloggers use these memo pads, which means they have to be good, so I bought one!
And I'm really happy I did! At first, the A4 size looks a bit weird, as it is a bit taller than usual to compensate for the stapled top binding, so when you tear a single page of, it is still a full A4 page, pretty convenient!
The bloc itself is made out of 80gsm paper (lined), and it has the typical Rhodia-orange cardboard cover. And on the back, you can find a lot of information about the different sizes and colours this notepad is available in.
When you fold over the front cardboard cover, the paper is revealed. And the first thing I thought when I saw the paper: will that paper be thick enough when writing with a fountain pen? And the answer is: Yes, surprisingly it does. For school I use different, lesser quality 80gsm paper, which is horrible to write on with a fountain pen, because it bleeds through like crazy! But to my biggest surprise, this one didn't, it actually almost had no showtrough at all, even when writing with Pilot parallel pens! Very impessive!
The paper is very smooth, just not as smooth as the Clairefontaine notebook. But it is still a joy to write on. Wet writing doesn't feather, it doesn't bleedtrough, and as I said before, it doesn't show trough either!
So that's basically it! And of course, every review from now on will feature a written review on this lovely Rhodia paper!
Valerie August 19, 2013 at 6:25 PM
I love my Rhodia notebooks, especially with dots instead of lines!
Dries Pencilcaseblog August 19, 2013 at 6:36 PM
I couldn't find the dotpads, they only had the ruled ones :-( But it's still a great notepad!
© pencilcaseblog.com 2016 All Rights Reserved. Powered by Blogger.
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BASF’s Approach to Aroma Ingredient Innovation
Fragrance > Research
April 9, 2019 Contact Author
With 15 years of experience in organic chemistry, Florian Garlichs leads BASF´s development program for new aroma ingredients, the Virtual Innovation Ecosystem.
Most Popular in Research
1Kao Corporation Develops PRM database and Odor Intensity Prediction Method
2Smelly Signs: A Language for Scent
3Recovering a Sense of Smell
4Unraveling the Mystery of Olfaction
5Olfactory fatigue: what it is and how to avoid it in product testing
6Open Sourcing Smell Culture: Past and Future Models for Perfumery
7F&F Literature Review: Fragrance Release
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9BASF’s Approach to Aroma Ingredient Innovation
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In this exclusive Perfumer & Flavorist interview, Florian Garlichs, who leads BASF’s Virtual Innovation Ecosystem, discusses the program’s latest approach to driving aroma ingredient development.
By the end of 2024, the global aroma chemicals market is expected to reach $6.57 billion with a CAGR of 6.2%a (to compare, the market was valued at $3.85 billion in 2015). With this high demand comes challenges in regulatory compliance and R&D investment risks, among others, while balancing a cost and accessibility that is available to a limited number of global players that have these capabilities.
BASF's Virtual Innovation Ecosystem addresses these challenges through a partnership-based approach using BASF´s large inventory of molecules to screen substances for critical molecular parameters. Read on for Garlichs' interview below.
Perfumer & Flavorist: Can you describe the innovation process within aroma ingredients at BASF? What’s an example?
Florian Garlichs: BASF´s new innovation approach combines our strengths in chemistry with the know-how of flavor and fragrance houses and other strategically relevant partners. Consolidating the capabilities of all partners in one innovation ecosystem speeds up the development of new-to-the-world fragrance ingredients for the whole industry.
Related: Natural Aroma Chemicals E-Book
This approach is different from the classical innovation model in the F&F industry where every party used to provide the necessary resources by itself. We are convinced that collaboration is key in this age and that it is time to create tools for differentiation in the market. We have the necessary capabilities to fulfill our part in these partnerships: In addition to our large chemical inventory, BASF has more than 10,000 people working in R&D, an asset we are trying to benefit from for the development of new aroma ingredients by repurposing technologies, molecules and ideas from other disciplines and industries for use in the F&F industry.
P&F: What are the major challenges in developing new aroma ingredients?
The fragrance industry has a growing need for new aroma ingredients that offer a more benign regulatory profile, improved price performance ratios and unique olfactive profiles. This creates room for new ingredients, but innovation in new ingredients is increasingly expensive, challenging and complex.
"BASF has a large inventory of molecules, for example raw materials, intermediates, products and side streams, which can be used as starting materials for cost-effective scalable aroma ingredients."
R&D efforts and global registration need time, personnel resources, a global presence and are cost-intensive. The requirements and hurdles for regulatory and sustainability profiles are significantly higher than for existing benchmark materials; new materials also have to compete with the prices of established materials. New ingredients often require capital investment in new production facilities or the adaption of existing facilities. Because of this complexity, only a few companies have the capabilities required and the financial strength to develop and launch new aroma ingredients.
P&F: How do you find promising candidates for new aroma ingredients?
BASF has a large inventory of molecules, for example raw materials, intermediates, products and side streams, which can be used as starting materials for cost-effective scalable aroma ingredients. We are screening the whole palette of BASF’s chemicals to find new substances or building blocks for new substances, that meet the requirements for new aroma ingredients. This approach generates a huge number of candidate molecules. Success requires prioritization and a focus on the most promising before even a single gram of the material has to be synthesized by a chemist or smelled by a perfumer. Together with our partners we then further assess and develop the most promising candidates within the innovation ecosystem.
New technologies and digitalization are playing an increasingly important role. Our vision is to use these technologies to further change the development process of aroma ingredients.
P&F: How do you integrate customers?
We listen to the needs and requirements of the industry. We understand that there is a conflict between economical and regulatory needs and creative freedom. Regulatory pressure reduces the palette of perfumers and cost pressures increase the need for a better price/performance ratio. At the same time, new, unique ingredients are required to ensure the freedom of perfumers and to guarantee differentiation in the market.
One key to success is the constant and consistent input of all stakeholders involved in our innovation process. We are deeply convinced that their feedback is needed to ensure a focused approach with a strategic fit for our customers.
a Transparency Market Research: Aroma Chemicals Market
Scent & Spirit: A Taste of Mexican Gourmand
3/27/2019, Alexis Palmer Karl
Patent Pick: Fixating Fragrance
12/16/2019, Rachel Grabenhofer
Application of Gas-Liquid Chromatography to the Analysis of Essential Oils
11/7/2019, M. J. Milchard, N. C. DaCosta, R. Esdale, L. Gates, P. MacCormick, P. Merle, G. Moran, N. Moss, D. A. Moyler, N. Owen, N. Roach, A. Sherlock, T. D. Smith, B. Starr, J. Webb and R. Wood.
Unraveling the Mystery of Olfaction
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087 826 1461 ☏ 091 755955 ✉ info@peterwalshconstruction.ie
Meet Peter Walsh
Solar System Heating
We Will Build One Of Our 12 Bungalows, 2; 3; 4; 5; Bedrooms On YOUR SITE Within 50 km Radius of Galway City.
See our 12 Plans; Standard; Mirror; Prices And Conditions
Solar Housing in Galway
The concept of the Solar House has been around for many years. In Ireland we have many examples of what is known as the Solar House.
One of the leaders in this concept is Peter Walsh of Peter Walsh Construction Galway Ltd. He built a Solar House in Furbo in 1996 which featured all of the technologies developed by NuTech Renewables Ltd such that a Low Energy House would be delivered to the homeowner.
This Solar House featured the following:
High levels of insulation
Low levels of air-infiltration
A Heat Recovery Ventilation system
A large solar array
The NuTech technology for delivering solar heated air into the house
The NuTech integrated Solar Water Heating system
An air heating system which was capable of maintaining comfort temperatures within the house throughout the whole of the winter.
We have one of the most affordable price lists on the market. Contact us to discuss your requirements.
It should be noted that an air heating system of this type will only work when a Builder, such as Peter Walsh Construction Galway Ltd, takes the care and attention such that the calculated insulation U-Values are achieved in practice along with the required low levels of air-infiltration.
New Low Energy / Low CO2 Houses in Galway
Peter Walsh Construction Galway Ltd are now offering to construct Low Energy / Low CO2 houses in Galway which will feature the latest technologies for so doing which have been developed by NuTech Renewables.
The basis of the NuTech Integrated system is to reduce the Energy Demand of a house to as low a level as possible. It should be remembered that the energy use in a modern house is broken down to three thirds as follows:
The first third is due to energy / heat loss through the fabric of the house i.e. the heat loss through the walls, floor, roof and windows
The second third is due to air infiltration and the necessary air for ventilation. Note: It is of equal importance as the insulation and expensive glazing in a house
The final third is due to energy required for Domestic Hot Water
We deal with the first third by way of extra insulation in the external walls, the ground floor, the roof and superior A rated double glazed windows.
We deal with the second third, which is of equal importance as the first third, by making the house much more airtight and then delivering fresh air by way of an efficient Heat Recovery Ventilation system. With the unique NuTech Integrated system we also feed energy from the solar collectors into the HRV system thereby delivering warmed air to the house. This reduces the Energy Demand of the house even further. It also increases the amount of Renewable Energy delivered to the house which means that the Renewable Energy Demand of 10kWh/m2 per year, as demanded by the Building Regulations, can be met by this system.
We deal with the final third by way of the solar collectors which reduce the energy demand for hot water by some 60 to 70% depending on the size of the solar array.
This dual use of the solar energy collectors i.e. for Space Heating as well as Water Heating, can increase the amount of energy gained from the solar panels by a factor of at least two. Clearly this hugely improves the cost effectiveness of the solar collector array.
By these means NuTech can reduce the Energy Demand of a house to a minimum thereby improving its Energy Rating dramatically and ensuring that the house satisfies the requirements of Part L of the 2011 Irish Building Regulations.
Peter Walsh Construction Galway Ltd has successfully completed houses in Galway over the past 20 years some of which have used these technologies developed by NuTech Renewables.
We operate the best possible Quality Control System from start to finish with every home. Contact us to discuss your new build project.
These new houses built to specification will feature the following:
High levels of insulation and A rated double glazed windows throughout
Low levels of air-infiltration with a Vent Axia Mechanical Heat Recovery Ventilation system
The NuTech Renewables technology for delivering solar heat to both the Space Heating and Water Heating systems
The NuTech Renewables control system and unique pump station
A fully integrated Air Heating system
A Palazetti Wood Pellet stove in the Living Room acts as the back-up heater in the winter period
A 300 litre solar cylinder for the storage of solar heated hot water Future Proofing
Future Proofing
With this level of detail in terms of the insulation and low levels of air infiltration together with the NuTech Solar Enhanced Heating, Ventilation and Hot Water technology a nearly Zero Energy Building (nZEB) is the result.
By using the Palazetti wood pellet stove which is fully integrated into the NuTech system for space and water heating the CO2 emissions are reduced to a very low level indeed in these houses.
It is expected that the Building Regulations in regard to energy use in domestic houses will be improved in 2017. The Energy Demand, in order to satisfy this new Regulation, will probably show a reduction of some 70% when compared to the Energy Demand of a house built to the 2006 Regulations. This is good news for the home owner. These houses being proposed by Peter Walsh Construction Galway Ltd are being planned such that they can meet this new Regulation. Typically these houses will have an A3 BER Rating. Should a client require an A2 or A1 house, Peter Walsh Construction Galway Ltd has already carried out research whereby NuTech Renewables will supply a Solar PV Array which will bring the houses into this category.
With this A rating these houses can surely be built fully ‘Future Proofed’.
Peter Walsh Construction Galway Ltd.
Ballybane Road, Galway
Eircode H91 XDE9
info@peterwalshconstruction.ie
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Hip, Horizontal and Creative: Major Office Project to Replace Destination Maternity
The SoNo project in Northern Liberties looks for that perfect mix of cool for small, medium and large office tenants.
By James Jennings· 6/2/2015, 4:31 p.m.
SoNo | Renderings and video via Alliance Partners HSP
When Destination Maternity decided to sell their headquarters at 5th and Spring Garden Street in Northern Liberties to Alliance Partners HSP in fall 2014, it opened up a whole new world of possibilities for the new owners. Rich Previdi, founder and managing partner of Alliance Partners HSP, said they were looking at the aerial view of the area prior to the $13 million deal and saw this “big white blotch” on the map. It turned out to be the roof of the Destination Maternity site, and Previdi knew they had the opportunity to develop a transformative project.
Creative office space is all the rage these days. Nearby N.3rd Street from Old City to Fishtown is teeming with creatives and tech-driven companies, East Market is about to enter the fold and even Finnigan’s Wake is looking to transition onto the scene. Everyone these days is going vertical, but the Destination Maternity site–dubbed SoNo for “South Northern Liberties” by HSP–gives them the opportunity to spread out a creative office project chock full of amenities into what they hope will become a campus of cool. They’re going horizontal.
As Previdi put it, the site “might be as unique a property as we’ve ever worked on,” so they wanted to bring something different to Philadelphia. The development team toured the offices of all the big boys on the West Coast, including the likes of Air BnB, Pixar, Sales Force and Twitter. “We got a pretty good handle about what the edge was [in terms of design].” Noted architecture firm ZGF out of Seattle will design the space.
Previdi said they’re marketing the space nationally to tech firms and “three or four” tenants have “expressed a real desire [to be at SoNo].” Philadelphia’s strong Eds and Meds sector and millennial population is a huge draw for companies, and they received “good feedback” from Washington D.C., New York and even Boston. As far as a timeline goes, Destination Maternity packs its collective bags for New Jersey in the fall, at which point Previdi said the project could “very realistically” take 18-months to complete.
Here’s a look at the upfront video they’ve created to show prospective tenants. The beginning is mainly stats about the Philadelphia market, but stay tuned for mind-blowing fly through designs around the 1:30 mark:
The vision for SoNo includes a mix of large, medium and small companies working in a creative and collaborative office community environment. Previdi was amazed to learn that the larger- and medium-sized companies were the ones who wanted the mix of different sized tenants in the building. “I’ve never experienced that before. It’s really kind of a neat thing.” Ultimately, he expects two or three tenants to take around 40,000-square-feet a piece, with the medium to smaller companies filling out the rest of the space.
In order attract companies to a horizontal office environment outside of the traditional central business district, SoNo aims to bring something akin to what URBN has down at the Navy Yard, a uniquely designed space with plenty of amenities. Renderings show open work spaces with huge skylights and wood grains, outdoor seating areas with food trucks and even stadium seating for presentations.
Previdi said the cafeteria will bring healthy food options to workers and touted its proximity to public transportation and 75 bike parking spots. He also mentioned it as a key site near the upcoming Rail Park and Spring Garden Street Greenway. For those who would make the commute in from the ‘burbs, renderings show plenty of onsite parking. Other amenities would include exercise rooms for yoga and other classes.
Plans also call for a rooftop amenity deck, which would contain other “club areas” for outdoor meetings and events, “almost like a private club.”
SoNo Office Renderings
The Official Foobooz Gift Guide
Calling All Runners: You Should Take Better Care of Your Feet
Welcome to Philly's New Era of Burgers and Hot Dogs
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UpLyfting Stories: He Drove His Future Wife…Twice
Presented by: Lyft
Photo credit: Leigh Photography
In April 2016, Voorhees, New Jersey native Alex Navarette was driving his usual Lyft route around the busy Charlotte, North Carolina night scene when he picked up Mencia Abreu, who had also recently moved to the area from New York. The two quickly realized how much they had in common as they chatted about their Northeast upbringings, love of hip hop music and similar age. “It was so nice to talk with someone from up north, especially being new and not really knowing anybody,” says Mencia. Alex agrees saying, “We had an instant connection.”
But thirty-seven minutes later (Alex remembers the exact ride time!), Alex dropped Mencia safely off at her door and went on his way…without her number. “I was totally kicking myself for not getting her number but I didn’t want to be weird,” he admits. “But I couldn’t stop smiling as I drove away. She left such an impression on me.”
As for Mencia, she was feeling the sparks but also too shy to speak up. “He wasn’t even flirting, he was just such a gentleman—which was really nice,” she says. “I couldn’t really see his face because he was driving but I knew he was cute,” she laughs.
As fate would have it, just a few weeks later, Alex got a ride request from none other than Mencia while once again driving his night shift. “I couldn’t believe it—I knew this was my chance,” he says. The two picked up where they left off and this time around, Alex worked up the courage to ask Mencia out. “I just thought, this is meant to be. I need to do this now because this probably won’t happen again.” The couple met for coffee a few days later and have been inseparable since.
In 2016, Alex returned home to New Jersey after a few months of dating, leaving them to work through the dreaded long-distance relationship. Thanks to FaceTime and a bunch of rides back and forth, the couple grew closer despite their distance. After a few months of being apart, Alex made a surprise visit to Charlotte, this time in a rented Maserati with a shiny diamond ring. “I felt like I was dreaming when Alex proposed,” gushes Mencia. “I had never experienced anything so wonderful.”
Mencia made the move up north with her daughter, mother and brother after Alex popped the question and the two began to build their life together as a blended family (Alex has three children from a previous relationship and Mencia has one). They’ve settled down in Wilmington, Delaware and are set to wed in September 2018.
The best part? They both now drive Lyft full-time. “It works for us,” says Mencia. “It gives us the flexibility to spend quality time with our kids and we meet up for lunch every day.” The two still laugh about finding love in a Lyft. “With everyone meeting on social media and always on their phone, it was so different to have a genuine conversation with her,” says Alex. Mencia agrees, “Who knew Lyft would be the start to our love story?!”
Alex and Mencia’s story is just one example of the many ways Lyft and their drivers touch the lives of so many people—building stronger bonds within our community and inspiring meaningful connections across all walks of life. Follow our UpLyfting Stories series over the next month for more heartwarming, heroic and happy moments.
This is a paid partnership between Lyft and Philadelphia Magazine's City/Studio
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Delivering the latest in style, inspiration, helpful tips and tricks, and everything else you need to know to plan the perfect Philly wedding.
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More Sports:
Eagles training camp preview: Linebacker
By Jimmy Kempski
PhillyVoice Staff
Eagles NFL
Thom Carroll/PhillyVoice
Jordan Hicks during OTAs at the NovaCare Complex.
Leading up to training camp, we'll take a look at every player on the Philadelphia Eagles' roster, and how they fit with the team. In case you've missed any of them, you can catch up here.
TRAINING CAMP PREVIEWS:
Offense: QB | RB | WR | TE | OT | OG/C
Defense: DE | DT
Today we'll take a look at the linebackers.
OLB Nigel Bradham Nate Gerry Asantay Brown (R)
MLB Jordan Hicks Joe Walker LaRoy Reynolds
OLB Corey Nelson Kamu Grugier-Hill
In his first 24 career games (21 starts) in the NFL in 2015 and 2016, Hicks had 135 tackles, 2 sacks, 7 interceptions, 1 forced fumble, 4 fumble recoveries, and 14 pass breakups. Those are outstanding playmaking numbers.
In 2017, after a slow start to the season while he was playing with an ankle injury, Hicks tore his Achilles. He placed some of the blame on his Achilles tear on his bum ankle, as he was overcompensating for it.
Going back to his days in college at Texas, Hicks has suffered season-ending injuries in four of his last six seasons:
• 2012 (Texas): Hip flexor, missed final 10 games.
• 2013: (Texas): Ruptured Achilles, missed final 9 games.
• 2015 (Eagles): Torn pectoral, missed final 8 games.
• 2017 (Eagles): Ruptured Achilles, missed final 9 games, plus the playoffs.
When he's healthy, there's no question that Hicks is a very good player, but as even he acknowledged, it's merely a matter of whether he's able to stay on the field.
Nigel Bradham
When Hicks was lost for the season with a ruptured Achilles in 2017, Bradham instantaneously became the most solid and trustworthy linebacker on the roster. He took over Hicks' role of relaying the play calls from Jim Schwartz to the rest of the defense.
Bradham signed a five year contract with the Eagles this offseason worth $40 million. A quick look at his numbers during his two years so far in Philly:
Nigel Bradham Tackles Sacks INT-PBU FF-FR
2016 102 2.0 1-5 2-1
2017 88 1.0 0-8 1-1
TOTAL 190 3.0 1-13 3-2
In June, discipline (finally) came down from the league as a result of Bradham's legal issues, stemming from the "cabana boy incident." It was a one game suspension, which in my view is a modest punishment that the Eagles should be able to navigate rather easily.
Corey Nelson
Nelson is a former seventh-round pick in 2014 out of Oklahoma. He appeared in all 16 games for the Denver Broncos in 2014, 2015, and 2016, starting five games in 2016. Nelson's 2017 season was cut short after five games due to a bicep tear, and he signed with the Eagles as a free agent this offseason.
Nelson is undersized at 6'1, 226, but he has good speed. In 2016, he had 67 tackles and 5 pass breakups, and is regarded as being good in coverage, which is something that Jim Schwartz prioritizes in his linebackers.
According to an interesting tweet by Nicki Jhabvala of The Denver Post, Nelson signed in Philly over Denver to take on a "larger role."
The Broncos, I'm told, matched the money Corey Nelson will recieve in Philly. But Nelson wanted a larger role. At the start of last season, Vance Joseph said he considered Nelson a starter, much like Bradley Roby as the third corner.
— Nicki Jhabvala (@NickiJhabvala) March 13, 2018
Nelson is a candidate to take over Mychal Kendricks' role in the defense as the third linebacker, but the team has been steadfast in their message that that role will be earned in camp.
Nate Gerry
Gerry was a fifth round pick of the Eagles in 2017, and he failed to make the final 53-man roster. After clearing waivers, Gerry rejoined the team on the practice squad for the first six weeks of the season, before being promoted to the active roster after Hicks went down.
Gerry only played 20 snaps on defense last year, but he was a heavy special teams contributor, getting on the field for 181 special teams snaps, per Football Outsiders.
Gerry played safety in college at Nebraska, where he was something of a ball hawk, picking off 13 passes his last three years there. In the same way that Schwartz likes his safeties to have some cornerback in their backgrounds, the same can perhaps be said that he views it as advantageous if his linebackers have some safety in their backgrounds. Gerry will compete with Nelson and Kamu Grugier-Hill for the starting job.
Kamu Grugier-Hill
Like Gerry, Grugier-Hill was a safety in college who converted to linebacker in the NFL. Interestingly, the physical measurables Grugier-Hill posted at his pro day are similar to Mychal Kendricks' NFL Combine performance.
Kamu vs. Kendricks Mychal Kendricks Kamu Grugier-Hill
Height 5'11 6'2
Weight 240 208
40 time 4.47 4.45
Vertical jump 39" 38.5"
Broad jump 127" 129"
3-cone 6.68 6.89
20-yard shuttle 4.19 4.20
Bench press 24 reps 15 reps
Grugier-Hill was built more like a big safety when he entered the league, and has since put on weight. He is now listed at 220 pounds. Still, the point here is that Grugier-Hill, like Kendricks, is something of an athletic freak.
Recently, I watched Grugier-Hill in the Eagles' 2017 finale against the Dallas Cowboys, in which the Eagles played their second- and third-stringers. I came away feeling like Grugier-Hill wasn't lost at all. He looked like a legitimately capable linebacker to me. (We'll have a cutup of Grugier-Hill in that game soon.)
I believe that he has a chance to win that third linebacker job.
Joe Walker
Walker has dealt with an assortment of injuries in his time with the Eagles, as he has landed on IR in each of the last two seasons. In 2016, it was a torn ACL suffered during training camp. In 2017, it was a neck injury suffered late in the season.
After Hicks went down last year, Walker was given an opportunity to start, and he just didn't play very well, even with the Eagles dominating their opponents. Walker's chances of making the team rose when Paul Worrilow was lost for the season with a torn ACL, but he still has his work cut out for him.
LaRoy Reynolds
Including the playoffs, Reynolds has appeared in 73 games with the Jaguars and Falcons, mostly as a special teams guy. He'll turn 28 during the season, and should push Walker for a roster spot.
Asantay Brown (R)
Like Grugier-Hill and Gerry above, Brown is another college safety who will play linebacker in the NFL under Jim Schwartz. Brown was a three-year starter at Western Michigan, during which time he posted 296 tackles (18 for loss), 4 INT (including a pick six), 6.5 sacks, 10 pass breakups, and 4 forced fumbles. The Eagles list him at 6'0, 215.
Follow Jimmy & PhillyVoice on Twitter: @JimmyKempski | @thePhillyVoice
Like us on Facebook: PhillyVoice Sports
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Jimmy Kempski
jimmy@phillyvoice.com
Read more Eagles NFL Philadelphia Nigel Bradham Jordan Hicks Eagles training camp
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Diverse Hearts In History
Harper Miller
On the hunt for a great diverse Historical read, flick, or television show? Check out these recommendations from PHS Assistant Editor Harper Miller. She won't steer you wrong!
Hey Folks, new month, new column! In most mainstream media, PoC (Persons of Color) aren’t seen thriving and leading happy lives, or their endings are tragic. This is especially true for historicals no matter the medium. Struggle is indeed part of our story, but it’s not the only story worth telling. This month I’m here to share my recommendations for diverse historical romances.
Below are some films that depict PoC in loving unions:
Belle (2013) is the story of Dido Elizabeth Belle, who was the daughter of a British Naval officer and an enslaved African woman. If you get the chance to watch this delightful film, it’s guaranteed to hit you in the feels. Biracial children of this era were often a product of rape, but not so in Belle’s case. Her mother and father had a genuine emotional connection. This film has romantic elements with a touch of legal thriller. Also, it’s directed by Amma Asante, a black woman.
Bessie (2015) is the biopic produced by HBO showcasing legendary blues singer Bessie Smith’s life. The film follows Bessie’s journey from a struggling young singer to becoming one of the most successful black performers during the 1920's and '30's. The depiction of Smith’s relationship with a woman named Lucille is believed to be a mashup of many of her former lovers. There is no mistaking Bessie Smith’s bisexuality in the film, which is also directed by a black woman, Dee Rees.
A United Kingdom (2016) is another Amma Asante film, this time depicting the true-life romance, and later marriage, of Seretse Khama, heir of what is now Botswana, and a white London office worker, Ruth Williams, despite active government plots to keep the couple apart. It’s a fascinating tale of hope and adversity that proves love can conquer all, even international politics.
Loving (2016) is the story of Richard and Mildred Loving, an interracial Virginia couple who took their right to marry all the way to the Supreme Court.
The World Unseen (2007) is a drama set in 1950's Cape Town, South Africa at the height of apartheid. The story follows two Indian women who fall in love during this tumultuous period in history.
Still Star-Crossed (2017) is the now-defunct Shonda Rhimes-helmed show that picks up after events in Romeo and Juliet, and has a multicultural cast. I had high hopes for this show! It was pretty ambitious plot-wise and, although it was canceled, I believe it’s still worth a watch.
Nirvana in Fire (2015). Check out the description via Viki:
During the great unrest of 4th-century China, war breaks out between the feudal Northern Wei and Southern Liang dynasties. General Lin Xie of Liang takes his only 17-year-old son, Lin Shu (Hu Ge), into battle and successfully fights off the hostile Wei army. But when a political rival frames General Lin Xie, it causes the deaths of 70,000 Chiyan army soldiers. Lin Shu is able to escape with his life with the help of a loyal subordinate. Twelve years later, Lin Shu establishes the Jiangzuo Alliance and returns to the capital as the Chief Mei Changsu. When the Northern Wei forces mount another attack, to what lengths will Mei Changsu go to protect his own people?
I’m honestly going to subscribe to Viki so I can watch this. There’s also a romantic story arc present. Can you say geeked?!
The Webster Fields series by Mercedes Keyes (available to read via Kindle Unlimited). If you like epic sagas, this is a series you want to dive into. Warning, it’s not for the faint of heart. The brutality of slavery and rape are present, but Mercedes takes you on a journey. No worries, at the conclusion of the tale, there is a guaranteed HEA because that’s what romance delivers!
The Governor’s Sons by Maria McKenzie (also available via Kindle Unlimited) is “a heart-thumping account of forbidden love and political ambition in the deep South, a suspenseful tale of romance, deception, racial tension, and ultimately, racial reconciliation within a powerful southern family.” I adored this story.
An Extraordinary Union by Alyssa Cole. If you like spies and headstrong heroines, you’ll love this book! Elle is a free woman and spy for the Union. Together, Elle and Malcolm (also a Union spy but posing as a Confederate soldier) decipher and transport messages that help turn the tide of the Civil War.
The Bittersweet Bride by Vanessa Riley. If you like intense historicals with a second-chance romance at the helm, you’ll want to grab this. Theodosia is a recent widow who has to fend for herself and her son. She is reunited with Ewan, an old flame, she thought dead. Of course, with a lead-in like that you know there’s bound to be some angst on board. Oh, the slow burn…
The Preacher’s Promise by Piper Huguley. If you’ve ever wanted to read a historical that highlights life during Reconstruction, this may be your jam. Young school teacher Amanda leaves Oberlin, Ohio destitute after her father passes, but she has a promise to keep. Mayor, blacksmith, and sometimes preacher Virgil is stubborn and thinks Amanda is wrong for his fledgling town, but he’s also made promises. Their wills match, but Virgil’s daughter and the newly free people of Milford, Georgia need an education.
Forbidden by Beverly Jenkins. What I love about Ms. Bev’s storytelling is you get detailed US History, and an engaging romance rolled into one. Also, Rhine… *swoon* Rhine Fontaine’s fair skin helped him amass a fortune during the early years of western expansion, but when he finds Eddy Carmichael near death in the Nevada desert, he wishes he could live as the free black man he is with the woman he now loves. Eddy is wary of irresistibly handsome and equally charming Rhine and plans to use her savings to leave him and their forbidden attraction and continue her journey to California.
The Doctor’s Discretion by E.E. Ottoman. I loved that this romance was set in 1830's New York! And two gay doctors? Yes, please! Together, they work to save the life of a patient who may not have been born male and risks being shuttered away in an asylum.
An Unseen Attraction by KJ Charles is a Victorian London-set M/M romantic suspense. A body is literally dumped onto Clem and Rowley’s doorstep and leads the two men into a world of danger where they are forced to trust one another with their deepest secrets and their hearts. Slow burn romance + mystery = YAY!
Every month you may end up hating me for getting you to spend far more money than you’d like (I regret nothing), but in the end, your reading and viewing experiences will be richer for it. Till next month! Happy Reading, and Happy Viewing!
Harper Miller's latest book Complexity is out now, and is the fourth installment in the Kinky Connect Chronicles series. All the stories in this series are stand-alones. Harper loves connecting with readers, so please visit her website, or catch up with her shenanigans by following her on Twitter or Instagram.
Didn't see your faves mentioned? Share your diverse historical recs here or on social media with the hashtag #DiverseHistoricals. We'd love to hear from you! And watch this space next month as we launch our Diverse Romance Reading Challenge!
Queer Romance
Authors Of Color
Diary Of An Indie Pub
PHS Book Reviews
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Home » Authors » Christopher K. King
Christopher K. King
Christopher K. King is an editor and writer who has covered the construction industry for more than 15 years. He previously served as associate editor of Plumbing & Mechanical, managing editor of the Air Conditioning, Heating & Refrigeration News, and editor of Roofing Contractor. He can be reached at kingc61@gmail.com.
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Discovering Paris, The Most Romantic City in the World
Hanna Embry Leave a comment
Discovering Paris, The Most Romantic City in the World Leave a comment
Ahhhh, Paris. A city for lovers of fine foods, fine wines, fine art, and great romance. The French capital city has been the backdrop for inspirational theater, light hearted romantic comedies, and centuries of literature about the grandeur and spectacle of this amazing city. Falling in love discovering Paris is easy, especially if you know where to eat, what to see, and where to stay in Paris.
Long considered one of the greatest cities on the planet, Paris is overflowing with sights, sounds, and tastes for practically everyone to enjoy. Follow tours or walk your own path to famous tourist landmarks like the Eiffel Tower. Enjoy the thousands of entertainment options and historical art collections like that of the Louvre. Taste the sweet delicacies and the savory charms of Parisian restaurants.
Paris will disarm you with its spectacular charm, so make sure you know how to keep your wits about you! With all this marvelous city has to offer, it’s easy to get a little turned around. However, knowing the secret ins and outs of the city will help you to look up from the map and take in one of the most alluring places on Earth.
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Top Reasons Why to Honeymoon in Kalymnos, Greece
1 What to See and How Much to See It
2 Discovering Paris by Eating Like a Local
3 Art and Entertainment
4 Other Museums in Paris
5 Reveling in Romance
6 Discovering Paris and All Its Charm!
What to See and How Much to See It
Planes and trains and automobiles, OH MY! Knowing how to navigate a new city is all about convenience and simplicity. Tour buses, hotel concierges, and polite locals can only get you so far! You have to know where you’re going and the easiest way to get there. You
have an option to book a private jet to Paris if you want a lesser hassle
and more relaxing trip for you and your loved one.
The Eiffel Tower is a must see attraction in Paris. Built in 1889, this magnificent structure has been a long standing tourist attraction. You can book tickets to enter the tower for around €45 per adult. Picnics and kissing pictures in the beautiful Champ de Mars that surrounds the tower are also encouraged, and, honestly, way cheaper.
Notre Dame and touring the Seine can go hand in hand on one of the wide variety of tours in the city. The famous cathedral and Gothic architectural masterpiece rests neatly on the Seine river, so you can see it on foot via Île de la Cité, a natural island on the Seine, or you can take a cruise. The Bateaux Mouches Tours are around one hour, and you can see Notre Dame, the Louvre, and the Eiffel Tower all for around $17!
For the Nature enthusiasts among you, the Luxemburg Gardens (Jardin de Luxembourg) should be the tipity-top of your Paris to do list. Once only open to French Royalty, the Gardens are one of the most popular tourist destinations in the country. You can visit the gardens on a private tour with a local for only €12!
Discovering Paris by Eating Like a Local
Sure, you can go to France and enjoy a fresh croissant or seventeen, but when discovering Paris, the options are seemingly never-ending. Steak fries, éclairs, crepes, macarons, all just waiting to be savored by savvy tourists like you. But where do you start in a city that is world-renowned for the culinary arts? Find the best spots to eat based on where the locals go!
Get a little bit sweet and a little bit savory with the historic district of Marais. Eclairs are a famous French experience. L’Eclair de Génie will melt your heart with their delightful deserts. Savory crepes at Chez Alain Miam Miam on the Marche des Enfant Rouches in Upper Marais will absolutely change your life!
The entree lovers will rejoice in the fact that Paris is known for some of the best culinary experiences in the world. You can eat Duck at La Tour d’Argent in the Latin Quarter, dine on oysters at Le Mary Celeste in Upper Marais, and gorge yourself on the steak fries at Relais de l’Entrecôte in Saint Germain.
There are many food tours in the city, but some of the best revolve around Paris’ most celebrated foods. Enjoy macarons, croissants, éclairs, cheeses, and all your heart’s desires as you tour Montmartre on a secret tasting tour. For around $111, you can travel through local shops and spend the whole day splurging on the tastes of Paris.
How can you fall in love without music and art and theater? You can’t, simple as that. It’s a good thing that you can find all of those things in abundance in the city of love.
The world famous Moulin Rouge will entice you with its vibrant colors and opulent performances! Make reservations in advance and book your tickets for the extravagant Féerie show! Tickets vary, but will normally cost you around $110.
Lovers need art like fish need water, and Paris has an abundance of both. A visit to Paris means a visit to the Louvre. Known throughout the world for sheltering some of the most famous pieces of art in existence, touring the Louvre is sure to astound. Tickets to skip the line in the Louvre are only $22.66!
Other Museums in Paris
The famous Musee d’Orsay, known for its impressionist pieces. Located in a refurbished train station, you can visit Orsay for around €12! Discovering Paris one Impressionist at a time!
The Musee de l’Orangerie with works by Monet, Renoir, Matisse, and Picasso! Located in the Tuileries Gardens next to the Place de la Concord in Paris, the Musee de l’Orangerie is famous for the eight large murals called Water Lilies by Claude Monet!
Reveling in Romance
As your visit to Paris begins, always remember that the historic streets have been home to thousands of visitors. Once home to many artists, writers, musicians, and politicians, Paris has a history as rich as its pastries. Taking in the sights and relishing every moment in this enchanting city will make for some of the best moments of your life.
Discovering Paris and All Its Charm!
Whether you’re walking down the Champs Elysees, or basking in the shade of the Eiffel Tower, Paris has something for the romantic in all of us. Discovering Paris, the most romantic city in the world, by knowing where to go, how to get there, and where to stay will not only make things simpler but put you at ease while you travel. Because you can’t see Paris while staring at a map.
As Thomas Jefferson once said, “A walk about Paris will provide lessons in history, beauty, and in the point of Life.”
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Greenhouse a blooming business for farm family
Charles Valentine built greenhouse to grow vegetables for his family and it turned into a booming business
Greenhouse a blooming business for farm family Charles Valentine built greenhouse to grow vegetables for his family and it turned into a booming business Check out this story on postcrescent.com: http://mnhne.ws/2xp0Zia
Mitchell A. Skurzewski, USA TODAY NETWORK-Wisconsin Published 8:33 a.m. CT Aug. 22, 2017 | Updated 3:38 p.m. CT Aug. 22, 2017
Charles Valentine poses in a row of his tomato plants.(Photo: Mitchell A. Skurzewski/USA TODAY NETWORK-Wisconsin)Buy Photo
TOWN OF HOLWAY - Charles Valentine rides up on his four-wheeler with two crates full of perfectly ripe tomatoes. He'll fill many more crates before the day is done and take them to farmers markets the next day.
"Taste," he said. "That's what people are paying for. People will come to me because of that. After a while you build a reputation and people come to you.
"My tomatoes are ripe and ready Week 1 and I have them at markets the day after they are picked. Fresh and full of taste from day one (of the season). That's the key."
Charles Valentine now sells hundreds of pounds of tomatoes per day, especially at the start of the season when ripe tomatoes are a rarity. His business, Valentine Gardens & Greenhouses, now fits into a growing trend of the agriculture sector. The Valentines serve farmers markets in Marathon, Taylor, Wood and Vilas counties with fresh produce. There are more farmers markets today than ever as a recent U.S. Department of Agriculture report stated there were 8,669 farmers markets according to the USDA’s National Farmers Market Directory. This is a 2.3 percent increase from 2015.
Valentine Gardens & Greenhouse didn't start in a conventional way, but vegetables and flowers are now the family business.
When his dairy farm's barn burned down in 1999, Charles Valentine made a rash business move. He decided he wasn't milking cows anymore.
His wife wanted him to build a greenhouse and start a garden for their family of four. That decision changed life for the Valentines.
"Vegetables seemed to be one of our biggest expenses," Valentine said. "So, I built a greenhouse. ... I don't ever really look at things in a small way.
"When I set my mind to something, I think big."
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Valentine has been farming his entire life, starting in South Dakota with his father. Charles Valentine wanted to have a farm of his own and that brought him "to the middle of nowhere" in the Taylor County (barely) town of Holloway, between Stetsonville and Curtiss in 1990. After the fire destroyed their barn in 1999, Valentine worked for six years as a night manager at Miltrim's Farms in Athens before he started to focus solely on the greenhouses and gardens.
He's lived in the same spot for 27 years, but the land has changed drastically in those nearly three decades.
The Valentines now have more than a dozen greenhouses and vegetables growing as far as the eye can see.
The Valentines are present at farmers markets seven days a week and sell their produce to 14 farmers markets. They also have 105 CSA members, Valentine said. (CSA stands for "community-supported agriculture"; for a fee, members get a weekly share of locally grown food.)
It's nearly a 24-hour day some days for Charles and his wife. On Mondays his wife takes one of their family's four diesel trucks with a trailer full of produce to Eagle River and she'll sleep over at a camp site and take more produce to Boulder Junction on Tuesday. Charles will bring Tuesday's vegetables to her on Monday night.
From watermelon to kalimari to tomatoes Valentine's Gardens & Greenhouse has an abundance of greens. (Photo: Mitchell A. Skurzewski/USA TODAY NETWORK-Wisconsin)
"I guess you could say that," Charles said with a smile when asked if his wife Denyse kind of got roped into this.
The Valentines go to Wausau, Marshfield and Medford among the local farmers markets, but Valentine said they sell the most "by far" in Eagle River and Minocqua. On Saturday all four — Charles, Denyse and their two sons Charles and Steven — will be at a different farmers market.
In the spring, flowers reign supreme at Valentine's Gardens and Greenhouses, N1082 Wren Dr. Curtiss. When things turn to summer vegetables take over. Valentine said tomatoes are the top seller, while mums and flowers are close behind.
Also on the farm is broccoli, cucumber, peppers, zucchini, garlic, kohlrabi, kale, lettuce, summer squash, watermelons and cantaloupe. Charles Valentine says he picks nearly 400 pounds of tomatoes daily.
"There ain't hardly nothing we don't raise," he said.
Charles Valentine overlooks an abundant amount and various types of fruits and vegetables on his land. (Photo: Mitchell A. Skurzewski/USA TODAY NETWORK-Wisconsin)
On Saturday every member of the family is out selling produce, each taking a truck and a trailer ranging from 10 to 25 feet.
Going forward, Valentine says the family wants to get bigger plants and increase volume per plant.
"If you aren't growing, you're standing still," Valentine said. "Wet, dry weather can't be an excuse. I need the produce to provide for my family no matter the conditions."
The greenhouse helps greatly with that. Valentine said they sold over 4,000 mums and 4,000 hanging baskets this year. When he first started his family on this venture, however, Valentine said he realized pretty quickly business would be booming.
"Almost right away. It's evolved. It's been a growing business," Valentine said. In 17 years we've built 12 greenhouses. It keeps evolving and there will probably be a couple more (greenhouses). The demand has continued to grow so we'll keep growing."
In the spring, flowers reign supreme at Valentine's Gardens and Greenhouse. (Photo: Mitchell A. Skurzewski/USA TODAY NETWORK-Wisconsin)
STRENGTHS: The want-to to be great at what they do. During my visit you could tell that the Valentines not only grow produce to make a living, but also have a passion for agriculture and want to provide a great product for the consumer.
WEAKNESSES: Location? It hasn't seemed to hamper the business so far as the Valentines go to their customers.
OPPORTUNITIES: Grow more produce per plant
READ MORE STATE OF OPPORTUNITY COVERAGE:Click here for more in our state business series
Read or Share this story: http://mnhne.ws/2xp0Zia
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Home > Children's > Industry News
HelioTot: Books to Sing About
By Claire Kirch |
Heliotrope Books, a New York City book packager, is launching a children’s imprint this season, HelioTot, with the release in paperback original and digital formats of A Song for the Birds by Leah Wells, illustrated by Naomi Rosenblatt (Aug.) A Song for the Birds debuts Heliotot’s How Do You Do Music series, designed to introduce pre-K through beginning readers to music through stories and pictures.
In A Song for the Birds, notes on the treble clef are portrayed as the unique vocalizations of individual birds; for instance, the canary sings in the C note, the duck sings in D, and the eagle sings in E. Eventually, under the direction of the Birdwatcher, the creatures join together to sing a song.
The How Do You Do Music series came about because Wells, a performer, songwriter, and a educator who has taught music to children for more than 15 years, had been using booklets she had created herself that incorporated stories to help students better understand their lessons. The booklets became so popular with her students and their parents that Wells approached her sister, Rosenblatt, who had founded Heliotrope Books in 2006, to discuss finding a publisher. As it turned out, Wells says, not only was Rosenblatt the right publisher for the books, she was also the right illustrator.
“My sister has always been a talented graphic artist,” Wells explained, “When I saw her drawings of the singing birds for the first book, I knew we were going to make a great team.”
Rosenblatt noted also, “While there are many good illustrated songbooks for children, the How Do You Do Music books are the first we know of to include musical notation as part of a story."
There are eight books to date in the How Do You Do Music series, scheduled for release in two to four month intervals, beginning with How the Rainbow Remembers the Notes, which reinforces the placements of notes on the staff with the addition of the bass clef and accidentals. Heliotot titles are distributed through Ingram.
Rosenblatt points out that the How Do You Do Music books are not the two sisters’ first collaboration: “We initially worked together when I was six and Leah was three. We ‘self-published,’ with the help of our mother, The Buffalo Bill Songbook. Leah wrote the songs and I illustrated.”
PW KidsCast: A Conversation with Simmons University
Representatives from Simmons University’s Center for the Study of Children’s Literature in Boston discuss the program and the joys of studying children’s books from a literary and historical perspective.
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Poets & Writers Directory ›
Cor van den Heuvel
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Cor van den Heuvel 129 East 10th Street
After hearing Gary Snyder mention haiku at a poets' reading in San Francisco in 1958 I began studying and writing haiku and that genre has been the focus of my creative work ever since. I have edited three editions of The Haiku Anthology. The third, published in 1990 by W.W. Norton, is still in print. In 2007, Norton published Baseball Haiku: The Best Haiku Ever written by American and Japanese Poets which I co-edited with Nanae Tamura. My latest book, a memoir in haibun form (haiku & prose), was published in 2010 by Single Island Press.
Publications & Prizes
Anthologies:
Haiku World (Kodansha International, 1996)
Haiku Moment (Charles E. Tuttle, 1993)
Chapbooks:
News from a Payphone (Hermitage West, 2003)
Play Ball (Red Moon Press, 1999)
The Geese Have Gone (King's Road Press, 1992)
Prizes won:
My chapbooks of haiku have won several Merit Book Awards from The Haiku Society of America. A World Haiku Achievement Award was given to me in 2000 at the World Haiku Festival in London and Oxford. In Matsuyama in 2002, I was presented with the Masaoka Shiki International Haiku Prize for my work in writing and editing books of haiku.
Gives readings:
Travels for readings:
Prefers to work with:
Fluent in:
Raised in:
Please note: All information in the Directory is provided by the listed writers or their representatives.
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AML Compliance Isn’t Just Banks’ Burden
Regulatory pressures and market forces are pushing the world’s financial institutions (FIs) to ramp up their anti-money laundering (AML) strategies. As this month’s PYMNTS Digital Banking Tracker noted, while the challenge of AML compliance is nothing new for financial institutions, the enormous scale of the burden is — for many FIs — unfamiliar territory.
In an interview with PYMNTS, Synchrony Financial Executive Vice President and Chief Customer Engagement Officer Michael Bopp pointed to the importance of understanding customer behavior, and of strategically combining the growing number of options for AML technologies, as important pieces of banks’ AML compliance puzzle.
“If we have a better understanding of how our customers use our cards for their everyday needs, the new [info] can direct our AML strategies and activities accordingly,” he noted, adding that while there are a growing number of AML tools available, “it’s the combination of these technologies that becomes powerful.”
Indeed, technology is a growing part of understanding customer behavior, and thus being able to identify when behavior might be abnormal, suspicious or fraudulent. However, the AML burden reaches far beyond banks’ consumer financial services operations, and beyond the banks themselves.
Corporates’ Risk
With corporates finding it easier than ever to expand across borders, businesses expose themselves to more risks, particularly as they operate in new, unfamiliar markets with unknown business partners — including vendors and unknown parties further down the supply chain.
For corporates, AML fines are a major part of those risks. According to encompass corporation, between May and August of this year, regulators issued $352.5 million worth of AML fines, resulting from 20 penalties. While that’s only about half of the monetary value of AML fines issued during the same period last year, regulators issued sanctions against five times as many companies (four fines issued in 2018, compared to the 20 issued during the same period in 2019).
As analysts pointed out, in one case, regulators chose not to issue a monetary fine against a company, but shut it down entirely.
In a statement, encompass corporation Co-founder and CEO Wayne Johnson said the issuance of multimillion-dollar fines is likely to grow, noting that the data reveals the growing importance of corporates addressing money laundering risks “at a global level,” as regulators’ AML actions similarly expand across borders.
Corporate Transparency
Just as Bopp highlighted the importance of understanding customer behavior, FIs must also promote visibility into corporate behavior. For corporates, that means facilitating the movement of crucial information to their banking partners and business partners to address AML risks and promote compliance.
“Transparency is the best weapon we have against the misuse of our financial system by those who would harm the United States and our allies,” said Senator Mark R. Warner (D-VA) in a statement late last month, announcing legislation aimed at boosting corporate transparency to combat AML.
The bill, introduced by Senate Banking Committee members, would require shell companies to disclose their ownership to the U.S. Department of Treasury. Not only does the legislation highlight the AML burden on the corporate banking arena, but it points to the opportunities in transparency and data sharing between corporates, banks and regulators to combat money laundering and other financial crimes.
As solution providers introduce new AML compliance technologies for FIs to adopt, those tools will increasingly focus on bank-corporate connectivity to understand corporate behavior, mitigate client risk and remain AML-compliant. Corporates have their own roles to play in promoting data sharing with FIs, and promoting transparency within their own supply chains to ensure their business partners are AML-compliant, too.
Related Items:AML, B2B, B2B Payments, Banks, compliance, Corporate Behavior, Customer Behavior, data sharing, Digital Banking Tracker, Editors' Picks, FI, fines, money laundering, News, regulations, risk, Synchrony Financial, transparency
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Quorum Software Acquires Archeio Technologies
Leader in Digital Transformation for Oil and Gas Enhances Solution Portfolio to Accelerate Digitization and Drive Operational Efficiency
HOUSTON, June 19, 2019 – Quorum Software (Quorum), a Thoma Bravo portfolio company and the leader in digital transformation for the oil and gas industry, announced today that it has acquired Dallas-based Archeio Technologies, the leading provider of oil and gas document classification and smart search technology. The acquisition expands and strengthens Quorum’s industry-leading software and services with a cloud-based document management tool built to make oil and gas operations more secure, agile and compliant.
“This is a natural fit into our portfolio and gives us a variety of opportunities to expand how we help our customers. The combination of Archeio and Quorum will increase the efficiency of workflows across our Upstream solutions,” said Gene Austin, chief executive officer of Quorum.“ We want to make it easier to find the information locked in land, accounting or well files, whether that person is searching from the field or the office, is a partner or interest owner, or is performing diligence.”
Founded in 2014, Archeio Technologies enhances Quorum’s solutions in the areas of oil and gas document management, data classification and enterprise search. Purpose-built for oil and gas, Archeio helps operators streamline transactions and back-office business processes. Using a proven taxonomy through intelligent text recognition, automation, and metadata tagging, Archeio has experienced strong customer growth from large, publicly-traded companies and independent operators looking to solve the unstructured data challenge.
“The oil and gas industry is challenged to manage a complex system that generates vast amounts of data, much of which is unclassified and often not digitized,” said Rex Womble, the co-founder and CEO for Archeio. “By joining the Quorum team, we can better help the industry progress in modernizing the back-office and build out innovative solutions that speed A&D processes as well as simplify the relationship with external partners.”
Quorum provides integrated solutions for its customers’ core processing demands across the upstream, midstream and downstream segments of the oil and gas value chain. The company’s portfolio of innovative software addresses a broad spectrum of energy companies’ needs, from operations to accounting, plant management and financial forecasting. Quorum is the preferred software provider to over 75% of the largest oil and gas producers in the United States, and its technology powers 80,000 miles of pipeline and accounts for 80% of all natural gas processed in the U.S.
Kirkland & Ellis LLP was legal advisor to Quorum. Bell Nunnally was legal advisor to Archeio. Financial details of the acquisition were not disclosed.
About Quorum Software
Quorum offers an industry-leading portfolio of finance, operations and accounting software that empowers energy companies of all sizes to conquer their most complex business challenges. From the field to the back office, defying complexity is coded in our DNA and our software. This unmatched experience is why Quorum is the choice of eight of the largest public energy companies worldwide, 75 percent of LNG exporters throughout North America and 80 percent of all natural gas processed in the United States. Designed for digital transformation, the myQuorum software platform delivers open standards, mobile-first design and cloud technologies to empower innovation at the speed of thought. At Quorum, we’re helping visionary leaders transform their business, and the energy industry, for a digital world. For more information, visit quorumsoftware.com.
About Archeio Technologies
Archeio Technologies provides an innovative way for oil and gas companies to securely manage and intelligently search well and land information. Based in Dallas, Archeio helps operators efficiently access, classify, and organize unstructured data and documents through services, automation, and its cloud-based information management platform. Founded in 2014, Archeio has a growing customer base that includes large, publicly traded companies and independent operators. The company’s software is currently used to manage information for thousands of well and land assets across North America.
About Thoma Bravo, LLC
Thoma Bravo is a leading private equity firm focused on the software and technology-enabled services sectors. With a series of funds representing more than $30 billion in capital commitments, Thoma Bravo partners with a company’s management team to implement operating best practices, invest in growth initiatives and make accretive acquisitions intended to accelerate revenue and earnings, with the goal of increasing the value of the business. Representative past and present portfolio companies include industry leaders such as ABC Financial, Blue Coat Systems, Deltek, Digital Insight, Global Healthcare Exchange, Hyland Software, Imprivata, iPipeline, PowerPlan, Qlik, Riverbed, SailPoint, SolarWinds, SonicWall, Sparta Systems and TravelClick. The firm has offices in San Francisco and Chicago. For more information, visit thomabravo.com.
©2020 Quorum Business Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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Episode 293 – At Last, the Final Stalemate
August 24, 2012 By Fred
This week on the show we finish our summer sizzler – INFIDEL – the lush, medieval epic with a message for our times, penned by the great Roger Gregg of Crazy Dog Audio Theatre.
In Part 4 of 4, we are moved to “Stalemate,” where the Christian knight and Muslim “Infidel” cross enemy (or friendly?) lines, and confront the true nature of the conflict. Is it the sacred or the profane that’s causing this war?
A few notes on the production of INFIDEL from Roger’s site:
INFIDEL was originally a stage play by Roger Gregg produced by Graffiti Theatre Company in 1991. The play in which a cast of 4 actors played all the roles, was commissioned by the Irish third world development organisation Trocaire. The play was a response to what we now call the ‘First Gulf War’ in recognition of the old adage that those who do not learn the follies of history are condemned to repeat them.
In the summer of 2005, RTE Radio 1 commissioned Crazy Dog to adapt and expand the stage play into a 4 episode radio series. The script was re-designed specifically to exploit the epic scope possible in the audio medium. The combination of the realism of the location recordings, vivid sound design, original music score and performances by some of Ireland’s leading voice actors, has resulted in an exciting and compelling audio-epic of clashing beliefs, war and compassion.
Portions of INFIDEL were recorded on location in the stables, cobblestone courtyard, in the fields and with the horses at the historic Raleigh House near MacCroom, County Cork, Ireland. Studio portions were recorded in RTE’s radio drama studios. The prix Italia award winning sound engineer Mark McGrath recorded both the studio and location recordings. Location recordings were carried out with a portable Hard Disc recorder with a stereo microphone configuration. See our photo gallery for pictures of our recording process. The sound track music was crafted by Roger Gregg using keyboards and Arabic percussion and voice samples. The series was post-produced and mixed by Roger on Pro Tools in the Crazy Dog studios. Special thanks to the Vaughan family for their generous hospitality during our time spent at Raleigh House.
Kicking off with the latest installment of the The Cleansed, featuring the revelation of a big secret (spoiler alert!!!).
https://media.blubrry.com/radiodramarevival/p/www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/www.radiodramarevival.com/podcasts/rdr-podcast293.mp3
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Knights of Malta insist on sovereignty amid papal takeover
The Knights of Malta is still insisting on its sovereignty in its showdown with the Vatican, even after Pope Francis effectively took control of the ancient religious order and announced a papal delegate would govern it through a "process of renewal."
The Knights' current grand master, Fra' Matthew Festing, was at work Friday at the order's swanky Rome palazzo near the Spanish Steps, pending a meeting of his governing council to either accept or reject his resignation.
The Saturday meeting is no rubber-stamp formality: It's evidence of the order's sovereign status under international law, which is recognized by the more than 100 countries that have diplomatic relations with the Knights of Malta and essentially consider it a state.
Festing, a 67-year-old British aristocrat, met Tuesday with Francis and said he would resign after he lost an internal power struggle that started with a scandal over condoms. Festing sacked the Knights' foreign minister, Albrecht von Boeselager, over the condom scandal.
But the Vatican intervened on Boeselager's behalf and announced this week that the pope had accepted Festing's resignation and would name a papal delegate to run the order.
The Knights of Malta is an ancient chivalric order that runs hospitals and clinics around the world. It counts 13,500 Knights, Dames and chaplains, 80,000 permanent volunteers and 25,000 employees, most of them medical personnel who lend first aid in war zones, natural disasters and conflict areas.
The Knights are questioning the pope's right to name a delegate to govern the order, since its sovereign constitution clearly sets out the process for selecting interim leadership and the election of a new grand master.
"Festing is the grand master," order spokesman Eugenio Ajroldi di Robbiate told The Associated Press. "If he resigns, the sovereign council will take the appropriate decisions."
The saga has sown chaos within the Knights, but the Vatican's actions have added to the tumult.
For starters, Francis named a commission to gather information about Boeselager's ouster, and packed it with Boeselager allies. They were essentially asked to report back objectively on a power struggle between a friend and the religious superior — Festing — who removed him.
Then, the Vatican seemed to ignore the order's sovereign status altogether in announcing Festing's resignation and that a papal delegate would be named to govern.
And finally, Francis' deputy, Cardinal Pietro Parolin, said in a letter this week that all of Festing's decisions since Boeselager's Dec. 6 ouster were "null and void" and that the papal delegate would "assist the order in the renewal process which is seen as necessary."
The tone of the letter, reported by the National Catholic Register and confirmed by the order, made clear that Parolin believes he is now calling the shots.
It was addressed to the sovereign council and said the order's No. 2 would govern temporarily "until the papal delegate is appointed." No mention was made of the order's laws that call for the No. 2 to organize an election for a new grand master within three months.
The order's spokesman, Ajroldi di Robbiate, said Parolin's letter represented the Vatican's interpretation of events, but nothing more.
"Every decision concerning this must be taken by our sovereign council," he said.
Tags: Catholic, Church, condom, dispute, Grand Master, Knights of Malta, Matthew Festing, Pope, Pope Francis, Religion, Vatican
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David Beckham and his Predator boots
Chris Hall · 20 June 2006
Those with eagle eyes will have noticed David Beckham’s magic boots during the last two games of the 2006 FIFA World Cup finals. On his feet are the new +Predator Absolute David Beckham featuring five lions inscribed on each boot, representing each one of the England captain’s team mates. The boots reflect the collective team spirit, pride and leadership that lions and the English are respected for.
”I am pleased to step on the pitch with my new Lion boots! adidas couldn’t have come up with a better design for the biggest and most important tournament in football. The design and fit is stunning and I look forward to wearing them in our first game against Paraguay.”
Well put David. Little did he know that 2 minutes into the game, he’d sweep the ball into the opposition’s goal, via the head of Gamarra. The boots also carry the names of his three children on the heel, and the fixture details on the tongue.
The DB Lion boots feature the PowerPulse technology associated with the Predator, shifting the center of gravity closer to the point of impact. The +Predator Absolute Lion Boot is part of the exclusive David Beckham signature range and will be available at selected retailers from June 12 onwards at a retail price of €200.
Hopefully the boots will see David to plenty more goals, starting tonight when England take on Sweden.
Sections Gadgets Adidas PlayStation Fitness Trackers Games
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The Ritz-Carlton, Tokyo review
The ultimate in luxury and refinement, with professional staff and excellent dining options
Stay Summary
The Ritz-Carlton, Tokyo
Points Redeemed
60,000 Marriott Rewards points
Stay rating
The Ritz-Carlton, Tokyo - Standard Room 5.0
Coming from the US for the Point Hacks team meetup, I arrived a day early to allow myself more time to get adjusted to the time difference and, so, needed a comfortable place to stay for just one night before joining the others.
I decided on this property as, when I booked and stayed in August 2018, I was able to take advantage of a redemption sweet spot, detailed below.
This property ranks as #9 of 919 Hotels in Tokyo on TripAdvisor, which is quite the feat given the intense competition. The only other brand hotels ranking above The Ritz are the Shangri-La Hotel near Tokyo Station and Park Hyatt in Shinjuku.
Research & booking
This is a Marriott Category 8 property, costing 70,000/85,000/100,000 Marriott Rewards points per night (off-peak/standard/peak). However, between August and December 2018, this property can be booked at the Category 7 price of 60,000 Marriott Rewards points even for stays into 2019, which represents excellent value.
The most common ways for New Zealand-based travellers to get their hands on Marriott Rewards points are by buying them or transferring American Express Membership Rewards points.
In Tokyo (and some other Japanese cities), a 200 JPY (~NZ$2.70) accommodation tax is payable on both paid and award stays.
With my Marriott Bonvoy Elite status—coming from being an American Express Platinum Charge Card Member—I was upgraded to a room on the top (53rd) floor but it was still a standard room, just with a better view.
Due to my status, I was also permitted a very early check-in at 6:30am after having arrived on a red-eye from Los Angeles and was given a late check-out at 2pm the next day, giving me 31+ hours to enjoy the room and hotel!
The king-sized bed is extremely comfortable:
and you can enjoy spectacular views of Shinjuku and the 2020 Summer Olympics main stadium under construction in the foreground.
There was a hand-written welcome note waiting for me, accompanied by a selection of different-flavoured nuts inside (what I later found out were edible!) chocolate containers:
The entrance foyer is long:
and includes a coffee and tea station with a Nespresso machine.
The desk and two chairs are comfortable but those working on a computer might not appreciate the backwards-slanted nature of the chairs, seemingly more designed for relaxing than working:
The TV has crystal-clear definition and there is a beautiful welcome image and music playing upon arrival:
with the two closets providing more-than-ample space to store belongings.
My photos do not do the bathroom justice—it is simply the most opulently-detailed bathroom I have set foot in, with two vanities:
and a deep bath.
Of course, the technologically-advanced Japanese toilets are always a delight:
and the water pressure and temperature in the shower were both excellent.
The hotel has 247 rooms across 7 floors including 35 suites. I was told that the hotel receives about 40% Japanese visitors and 60% from overseas, with the majority coming from the US.
You enter at the ground floor, where you are greeted by hotel staff and a beautiful flower display:
but check-in occurs on the 45th floor.
The lobby is spacious and gorgeous and surprisingly quiet for the number of people that I saw pass through:
Something happened after check-in that had never happened to me before—I was personally escorted to my room and given a tour of its features. I do not know if this is because I hold status or if that is standard practice at this and/or all Ritz-Carlton properties.
What also struck me was that every single employee of the hotel smiled and greeted me every single time I saw them.
The wifi was reliable and fast, clocking 83/91 Mbps download/upload speeds.
Although I did not get any photos, I enjoyed the 20-metre-long heated pool and accompanying spa, open 7am to 10pm. There is also a sauna and steam room available for 90 minutes for NZ$380+, which is outrageously expensive.
The Club Lounge is available to those who have booked a suite or Club Room, which averages a ~NZ$270/night co-payment—again, worth it?!
The hotel has a number of high-end restaurants, covering traditional and modern Japanese as well as general Western and French cuisine.
The breakfast buffet looked varied, healthy and delicious:
As part of a gesture from Marriott Rewards PR, I was treated to a five-course dinner:
and a traditional Japanese breakfast the next morning.
The food was absolutely exquisite, with customer service to match. Each course took a while to be prepared but maybe I am just not used to dining in such fancy places. Meanwhile, I was able to enjoy the views towards Tokyo Tower and Tokyo Bay through the floor-to-ceiling windows.
The hotel is located in a business precinct with three tall buildings and is conveniently connected to the Roppongi metro station through underground exit B1.
However, it was not open when I arrived early in the morning and it was difficult to find the entrance around the back of the building facing the park, not the main road.
The lush park is medium-sized and has a children’s play area:
Roppongi is known for its numerous bars and restaurants, as well as museums and the National Art Center.
In true Japanese style, there is a well-stocked convenience store each block or two in the hotel’s vicinity.
It takes ~45 minutes door-to-door to get to/from Tokyo Haneda Airport or double that to/from Narita by public transport.
Our other Tokyo hotel reviews
Read our review of the Hilton Tokyo
This is probably my favourite hotel stay to date (with The St. Regis Singapore a close second).
The customer service was world-class, the room spacious and well-appointed, and the facilities just downright gorgeous. I have no complaints about anything to do with this hotel or my stay.
With the temporary redemption opportunity of 60,000 Marriott Rewards points per night, this is a great-value way to use your points. Once the new award chart kicks in from January 2019, I would not hesitate to book this property again at the off-peak rate but would start to consider other options at the standard or peak rate—not because this property is not worth every penny but because there are also other valuable uses of Marriott Rewards points.
Note that while the room was booked on points from the author’s personal Marriott Rewards account, the two meals mentioned in this review were sponsored by Marriott Rewards.
The Ritz-Carlton, Tokyo review was last modified: August 29th, 2019 by Matt Moffitt
Matt Moffitt
Matt is a Senior Content Producer for Point Hacks, joining the team in 2016. Originally from Sydney, he won the green card lottery and now bases himself in Austin, Texas for half the year and on the road for the other half. His favourite destinations so far have been Japan, Iran, Colombia, Israel and South Africa, and his top flight experiences in Cathay Pacific First, Emirates Business and Singapore Airlines Economy Class.
Lufthansa A380 First Class overview
Earn Asia Miles by shopping online with Asia Miles iShop and other partners
Singapore Airlines A380 (old) First Class Suites overview
This is one of the world’s best ways to fly, with a comfortable bed and high degree of privacy, but it is due for a makeover. Still a great use of KrisFlyer miles or Velocity points.
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On Congress Blog
Congressional news and analysis
Poll: Most Americans want Trump removed from office by Senate
Why Congress Must Keep Investigating Trump After the Impeachment Trial
'He totally said it' or 'complete BS'? Sanders and Warren voters dig in
Brown blasts GOP on payroll tax cut
By SCOTT WONG
Fighting for reelection in deep-blue Massachusetts, GOP Sen. Scott Brown ripped into House Republicans on Tuesday after Speaker John Boehner vowed that his caucus would reject the short-term payroll tax cut extension that nearly 90 percent of senators voted for over the weekend.
“The House Republicans’ plan to scuttle the deal to help middle-class families is irresponsible and wrong,” Brown said in a statement.
At least two other Senate Republicans facing reelection in 2012 – Dean Heller of Nevada and Dick Lugar of Indiana – also called on the GOP-controlled House to pass the Senate plan.
A vulnerable freshman, Brown has been running to his left as he prepares for a tough challenge next year from Elizabeth Warren, the presumptive Democratic nominee. While Brown lauded House GOP efforts to secure a full-year extension of the payroll tax cut, he said the two-month Senate compromise would avoid tax hikes for millions of Americans at year’s end, when the tax cut expires.
“The refusal to compromise now threatens to increase taxes on hard-working Americans and stop unemployment benefits for those out of work,” Brown said. “During this time of divided government, both parties need to be reasonable and come to the negotiating table in good faith. We cannot allow rigid partisan ideology and unwillingness to compromise stand in the way of working together for the good of the American people.”
Heller said it was critical for Congress to pass a year-long extension to the payroll tax cut and unemployment benefits in 2012, but argued “there is no reason to hold up the short-term extension while a more comprehensive deal is being worked out.”
The House is expected to vote down the Senate-passed payroll package on Tuesday. It cleared the Senate on an 89-10 vote, with 39 of the 47-member Republican Conference voting “yes.”
Senate Republicans held their noses and voted for the deal because it included a sweetener provision: speeding up the president’s decision on constructing the Keystone XL oil pipeline from Canada to Texas. But Lugar said Monday the bipartisan deal could fall apart because of differences with the House.
“I'm hopeful, maybe without basis, the House of Representatives will pass the bill the Senate passed and it will do so tonight,” Lugar said on MSNBC’s “Andrea Mitchell Reports,” acknowledging that Boehner is facing enormous pressure from rank-and-file members to kill the short-term plan.
“But I'm hopeful that our majority, Republicans and Democrats today, will proceed, because it seems to me this is best for the country as well as for all the individuals who are affected,” Lugar said.
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Presidential superstitions
A look at some president's and presidential hopeful's superstitions.
By POLITICO STAFF
Truman's horse shoes
When he became president, Harry Truman hung his horse shoe over the door to the presidential office. Horse shoes are often cited as a symbol of good luck, and hanging one over the entrance to a home is been said to ward off evil and bring good luck and prosperity to the occupants.
McKinley's carnation
President William McKinley, who was president from 1897 until his death in 1901, was known for wearing a red carnation on his lapel. He considered the flower his good luck charm.
Obama's game
"We realized that we had played basketball before Iowa and before South Carolina. We didn't play basketball before New Hampshire and Nevada. And so now, we've made a clear rule that on Election Day, I have to play basketball," Obama told 60 Minutes' Steve Kroft in February 2008.
McCain's lucky charms
John McCain has admitted to being very superstitious. His reported lucky charms include a feather from a tribal leader, compass and a 1976 bicentennial quarter.
AP, Reuters Photos
Reagan's astrologer
After an assassination attempt on Ronald Reagan, his wife, Nancy, hired astrologer Joan Quigley to help plan the president's schedule.
Roosevelt's fear
President Franklin D. Roosevelt suffered from triskaidekaphobia, a fear of the number 13. His secretary, Grace Tully, wrote that Roosevelt would not dine with 13 guests or travel on the 13th day of any month.
Cheney's hunt
Former Vice President Dick Cheney would go hunting every election day.
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Wiz Khalifa - Black And Yellow [G-Mix] ft. Snoop Dogg, Juicy J & T-Pain
Watch the best videos on YouTube from Wiz Khalifa here: http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLakoz4isJL_mdAOvmFD8ddUZFZc4Hqewo Wiz Khalifa's new album O.N.I.F.C. is available December 4, 2012: http://bit.ly/onifcitunes Wiz Khalifa exclusive merch bundles available now! http://bit.ly/ZtYFRD http://www.wizkhalifa.com/ https://www.facebook.com/wizkhalifa http://twitter.com/realwizkhalifa
Channel Wiz Khalifa
Dislikes 73,214
Likes 981? 1109?
Hip hop music, Music
Wiz Khalifa Videos, Rap Music, wiz, snoop, gmix, juicy, official, black, yellow, music video, remox, and, Juicy J (Rapper, Snoop Dogg (Rapper, pain, Wiz Khalifa (Rapper, khalifa, dogg, Warner Music, Atlantic Records, Wiz Khalifa (Musical Artist, Snoop Dogg (Music Video Performer, Juicy J (Musical Artist, T-Pain (Celebrity, Black And Yellow (Award-Winning Work, Pop Music (Musical Genre, Warner Music Group (Record Label, WMG
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RIFF Women in Film
The Third Annual Rahway International Film Festival returned on August 28-30, 2015 at UCPAC's Hamilton Stage for the Performing Arts. This year’s lineup was full of brilliant independent films by filmmakers from around the world spanning 12 different countries as well as by local filmmakers right here in New Jersey. A highlight of this year’s festival was the introduction of feature length films in addition to short films, plus a special Saturday night outdoor screening. Check out Facebook, Twitter, or Instagram for more photos, videos, and posts.
10% of all ticket sales were donated to the charities:
Rahway International Film Festival
The 3rd Annual Rahway International Film Festival took place t the Hamilton Stage for the Performing Arts on August 28 - August 30, 2015.
Photo Credit: Dennis Comella 2015
Hamilton Stage Lobby
The 3rd Annual Rahway International Film Festival took place at the Hamilton Stage for the Performing Arts on August 28 - August 30, 2015.
Photo Credit: Gregory M. Brown, 2015
Festival Directors
Founder & Festival Director Gina Marie Rodriguez and Assistant Festival Director Stacy Ignacio kicked off the festival weekend.
Photo Credit: Alexander Stross, 2015
Friday's Opening Night sold out to over 200 audience members in attendance.
Filmmakers Q&A
The cast & crew of Opening Night's "28 Minute Epic" and "Only Wanna Party" with moderator Mahogany Reynolds.
The crew of feature documentary "Lords of BSV" with moderator Mahogany Reynolds.
Photo Credit: Dennis Comella, 2015
Filmmaking Seminars
Rahway International Film Festival offered four filmmaking seminars all led by leading local filmmakers in the industry.
Photo Credit: Dale M. Clarke, 2015
Red Carpet Awards Ceremony
"28 Minute Epic" won the Audience Choice Award for Best Feature Film. For more award winners, click the link below.
"The Joke's On You" won the Audience Choice Award for Best Short Film, and "Lords of BSV" won Best Feature Documentary. For more award winners, click the link below.
"Girl Fight: A Muay Thai Story" won Best Editing in a Feature Film. For more award winners, click the link below.
"My Fight at 50" won Best Short Documentary. For more award winners, click the link below.
"Dreams of You & Me" won Best Lead Actor in a Feature Film. For more award winners, click the link below.
CLICK HERE FOR MORE PHOTOS
The 5th Annual Rahway International Film Festival (going foward as BIG DREAMS & SILVER SCREENS) returned on September 22-24, 2017!
RAHWAY INTERNATIONAL FILM FESTIVAL 2015
The Inaugural Rahway Film Festival Jr. Showcased on May 21, 2016!
We held the Inaugural Rahway Film Festival Junior on May 21, 2016 showcasing films by New Jersey students in Grades 3-12. We hosted an afternoon of short films ranging from animation to music video to comedy to drama. There was a Q&A session with the student filmmakers afterwards, followed by a brief catered reception. For a recap, photos, film lineup, and winners, click here.
BDSS Youth Festival
LAST YEAR'S RAHWAY INTERNATIONAL FILM FESTIVAL 2016
The Fourth Annual Rahway International Film Festival returned on October 21-23, 2016 at UCPAC's Hamilton Stage for the Performing Arts. The film lineup consisted of 12 feature length films and 50 short films by filmmakers from around the world spanning 15 different countries as well as local filmmakers right here in New Jersey. There were also "Brunch & Learn" Seminars, Networking Hours, and After-Parties. We ended the weekend with a Women in Film Lifetime Achievement Award Ceremony honoring Dena Seidel.
Follow us on Facebook, Twitter, or Instagram for photos and videos of what took place at RIFF 2016!
RIFF 2016 | Festival Directors
RIFF 2016 | Red Carpet
RIFF 2016 | Catered Cocktail Hour
Credit: Dale Clark of Peacemaker Photography, 2016
RIFF 2016 | Lobby
RIFF 2016 | Volunteers
RIFF 2016 | Winners
RIFF 2016 | After Party
Credit: Stacy Ignacio, 2016
Big Dreams & Silver Screens Youth Festival (Formerly Rahway Film Festival Jr.)
Big Dreams & Silver Screens Youth Festival, formerly “Rahway Film Festival Junior” is dedicated to showcasing the filmmaking talents of New Jersey students in grades 3 through 12. In our 2nd season, Big Dreams & Silver Screens Youth Fest took place on June 3, 2017 at 2pm-4pm at Patria Latin Bistro in Rahway, NJ. We presented 20 impressive films by NJ students across the state. Click here for more info and photos from this year's event.
RIFF 2017 Info
RIFF 2016 Recap
This year, the 5th Annual Rahway International Film Festival, a Big Dreams & Silver Screens production, called a new venue home, the James Ward Mansion in Westfield, NJ on September 22-24, 2017! Who doesn't want to celebrate in a mansion? Click here for a festival recap and winners.
Click here to read our Director's Statement regarding the move to Westfield, NJ and our rebrand as Big Dreams & Silver Screens.
Follow us on social media for photos and videos of the event
Our 5th year brings more exciting new progress for RIFF as we are now officially a program of Big Dreams & Silver Screens Inc., a Non-Profit Corporation, 501(c)3 in the state of New Jersey! You will start to see that name a lot more often, but don't worry - we are still run by the very same dedicated team! If you'd like to learn more about the programs we intend to add under the umbrella of Big Dreams & Silver Screens, visit the website here. Follow BDSS on social media for more updates!
Click here to read our Director's Statement regarding the move and rebrand.
RIFF Now Part of Big Dreams & Silver Screens Inc.
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>RB-9859
Implications of Force Drawdowns for Demographic Diversity
by Maria C. Lytell, Kenneth Kuhn, Abigail Haddad, Jefferson P. Marquis, Nelson Lim, Kimberly Curry Hall, Robert Stewart, Jennie W. Wenger
Civilian Military Workforce,
Military Career Field Management,
Military Officers,
Military Personnel Retention,
Military Reserves,
Workforce Diversity,
During the post–Cold War drawdown of the 1990s, the demographic diversity of U.S. active-force units actually increased. However, no statistically significant relationship between past drawdowns and diversity could be established.
Directing drawdown cuts to applicants with lower scores on the Armed Forces Qualification Test is likely to reduce demographic diversity.
Directing cuts to selected occupational specialties or experience levels is also likely to affect demographic diversity, though with different outcomes for different groups.
Results of adverse impact analyses can help the services develop long-term strategies for recruiting, accessions, and assignments to achieve demographic balance across specialties, experience levels, and performance categories. The analyses can also validate assumptions and measures used in drawdown decisions to ensure that all personnel receive fair and equitable treatment.
In January 2012, the Department of Defense (DoD) announced plans for a large-scale drawdown of U.S. military forces. As a result, by fiscal year (FY) 2019, the Army may be at its smallest since before World War II. The Marine Corps also continues with reductions, and the Air Force was doing so through FY 2015.
In the planning of these drawdowns, little attention has been paid to the possible consequences for the demographic diversity of U.S. forces. As a result, DoD's Office of Diversity Management and Equal Opportunity (ODMEO) asked the RAND National Defense Research Institute to review previous drawdowns for lessons learned, assess potential future drawdown impacts on workforce diversity, and identify policy options available to address negative impacts. The RAND project focused on the gender and race/ethnicity components of diversity.
Diversity During Prior Drawdowns
Despite major reductions in the size of the active-duty force in all four services in the 1990s, demographic diversity increased.[1] Across all services, the percentage of women increased from about 11 to 15 percent in the 1990s, with the Air Force showing the greatest increase (from 14 to 19 percent). Racial/ethnic-minority representation increased by over 8 percentage points during the same time period, with the Navy showing the greatest increase (from 23 to 38 percent).
The RAND team was able to differentiate these net gains into changes in accessions and separations. As an example, accessions among female Army officers were responsible for year-to-year gains, most of which were on the order of 0.4 percentage point from 1990 through 2001. Meanwhile, separations were also increasing, to roughly 0.2 percentage point higher than the previous year, damping the effects of the accession-driven increase.[2]
Why was the female separation rate higher? Perhaps women had characteristics known to be associated with higher separation, such as lower grade (rank) and education level. To find out, the RAND researchers compared male continuation rates with a female sample that resembled the males in grade, education level, etc. This analysis did not find much of a reduction in the gap between male and female continuation rates, suggesting that factors other than grade and education are responsible for male-female differences in retention.
Diversity During Current and Future Drawdowns
Although impacts on force structure may be inferred from decisions about how to draw down the force (e.g., a more senior force can result from accession cuts), the impact on demographic diversity is not readily apparent. For one thing, the services do not make such decisions with diversity goals in mind. Also, the civilian labor market and other factors affect demographic accession and retention trends.
Given limited historical information on this issue, the RAND team developed a methodology for analyzing the potential impact on demographic diversity of different methods for drawing down the force. The methodology compares the percentage of women (or of racial/ethnic minorities) with the percentage in a larger baseline group across different scenarios for implementing a drawdown. This methodology was conducted for all four active-duty service components, officers and enlisted, although specific scenarios varied by service.
Illustrative findings for Army enlisted personnel are shown in the table, where each shaded cell represents the percentage of women, non-Hispanic blacks, or Hispanics cut under that scenario if the cuts are carried out as described in each row. Thus, the first number under "Women" means that, if all accession cuts were taken from the lowest Armed Forces Qualification Test (AFQT) categories, 18.8 percent of female Army enlisted accessions would be cut. This is greater than the 14.7 percent loss if cuts were spread across all female accessions.
Percentages cut from women and racial/ethnic minorities under different drawdown scenarios
Scenario Variations: Allocation of Cuts
Non-Hispanic Black
Accessions cut & AFQT requirements tightened 100% from Categories IIIB–IV 18.8 31.7 18.0
75% Categories IIIB–IV, 25% Category IIIA 17.8 28.8 16.9
All accessions (baseline) 14.7 20.2 13.2
Reduced RCPs (E-4) All from E-4s with at least 8 yrs of service 11.0 25.0 12.9
All E-4s (baseline) 14.2 19.3 12.8
Reduced RCPs (E-5) All from E-5s with at least 14 yrs of service 9.4 34.5 11.0
Involuntary separation program 75% from tactical, 25% nontactical 4.0 21.6 12.5
50% tactical, 50% nontactical 7.8 26.3 12.6
25% tactical, 75% nontactical 11.6 31.0 12.7
All E-7s, E-8s, & E-9s (baseline) 10.9 30.1 12.7
NOTES: See text for interpretation. IIIA, IIIB, and IV are AFQT score categories indicating progressively lower aptitudes. E-4 through E-9 are enlisted ranks running from the equivalent of corporal to that of sergeant major in the Army. RCPs = retention control points = years of service at which member must move up or out. Dark shading indicates cuts greater than the pertinent baseline rate; light shading indicates cuts smaller than that baseline rate.
Based on this analysis, the RAND researchers identified three policy-relevant themes. First, cuts drawn heavily from personnel in nontactical-operations occupations could adversely affect women and non-Hispanic blacks because women and blacks are more heavily concentrated in such career fields. Second, cuts based on personnel experience could have varying effects. In general, cuts to longer-serving individuals could have an adverse impact on black personnel but could benefit women. Third, and perhaps the strongest of the themes, is that tightening accession standards, e.g., requiring higher AFQT scores, could have an adverse impact on women and minorities, although non-Hispanic white women would be less affected than others.
Force management and diversity policy experts consulted by the RAND team noted the legal challenges of using demographic information in drawdown decisions. As a result, RAND did not recommend specific force management policy changes at that level. Instead, the team offered two recommendations regarding how force managers can consider the demographic implications of drawdown decisions.
The Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) should direct the services to conduct adverse impact analyses prior to making drawdown decisions. The Uniform Guidelines for Employee Selection Procedures from the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) provides potentially relevant guidance.
ODMEO should assist in adapting the EEOC guidance for service drawdown decisions because of its expertise in (civilian) equal employment opportunity, where adverse impact analysis is common practice. The general approach used in this study offers a way to structure the main analytic elements. The services should be encouraged to adjust their analyses with more detailed scenarios and modeling.
ODMEO should validate the services' results. To do so, OSD will need to direct the Defense Manpower Data Center (DMDC) to acquire more performance and disciplinary data used in drawdown decisions by the services. At a minimum, ODMEO can make sure the services answer the questions stated in the policy guidance and can spot-check analytical results. To spot-check results, ODMEO would need DMDC data, including quality data and other details not currently available.
[1] The diversity of the reserve components also increased. The focus of the RAND study, however, was the active-duty force. For the latter, the RAND team also examined Navy and Air Force drawdowns of the mid-2000s; these results are not summarized here.
[2] Among Army officers, black representation increased because of decreasing separations from year to year, and Hispanic representation increased due to a mix of increasing accessions and decreasing separations from year to year.
Force Drawdowns and Demographic Diversity: Investigating the Impact of Force Reductions on the Demographic Diversity of the U.S. Military
Maria C. Lytell, Kenneth Kuhn, et al.
Permission is given to duplicate this electronic document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Copies may not be duplicated for commercial purposes. Unauthorized posting of RAND PDFs to a non-RAND Web site is prohibited. RAND PDFs are protected under copyright law. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit the RAND Permissions page.
Copyright: RAND Corporation
Document Number: RB-9859-OSD
Military Career Field Management
Military Officers
Military Personnel Retention
Military Reserves
Lytell, Maria C., Kenneth Kuhn, Abigail Haddad, Jefferson P. Marquis, Nelson Lim, Kimberly Curry Hall, Robert Stewart, and Jennie W. Wenger, Implications of Force Drawdowns for Demographic Diversity. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 2015. https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9859.html.
Lytell, Maria C., Kenneth Kuhn, Abigail Haddad, Jefferson P. Marquis, Nelson Lim, Kimberly Curry Hall, Robert Stewart, and Jennie W. Wenger, Implications of Force Drawdowns for Demographic Diversity, Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND Corporation, RB-9859-OSD, 2015. As of January 20, 2020: https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9859.html
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Hot Shots! Part Deux is a 1993 comedy/parody film, and a sequel to the 1991 comedy Hot Shots!. The sequel primarily spoofs the 1988 action film Rambo III. Directed again by Jim Abrahams, the film stars Charlie Sheen, Lloyd Bridges, Valeria Golino, Richard Crenna, Brenda Bakke, Miguel Ferrer, Rowan Atkinson, and Jerry Haleva. Sheen, who portrays a spoof of John Rambo, went through a tough weight lifting/training program to gain the physique needed to play the role of an action hero. Abrahams and Patrick Proft were the writers of the screenplay. Members of both men's families have roles as extras. ... more on Wikipedia
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Zachary David Alexander Efron (; born October 18, 1987) is an American actor and singer. He began acting professionally in the early 2000s and rose to prominence in the late 2000s for his leading role as Troy Bolton in the High School Musical franchise (2006–2008). During this time, he also starred in the musical film Hairspray (2007) and the comedy film 17 Again (2009). He has since appeared in the films New Year's Eve (2011), The Lucky One (2012), The Paperboy (2012), Neighbors (2014), Dirty Grandpa (2016), Neighbors 2: Sorority Rising (2016), Baywatch (2017), The Greatest Showman (2017) and Extremely Wicked, Shockingly Evil and Vile (2019). ... more on Wikipedia
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How Much Pedialyte Do You Give an Infant?
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The proper Pedialyte dosage for infants depends on their age. Infants less than 6 months old can be given 1 tablespoon every 15 to 20 minutes, while infants 6 months to 1 year can be given 1 or 2 tablespoons every 15 to 20 minutes. Do not mix or dilute Pedialyte with other beverages unless directed to do so by a doctor as this decreases the effectiveness of the solution.
Pedialyte is an oral solution for children designed to replace electrolytes lost due to vomiting or diarrhea and is available for purchase over the counter at pharmacy and retail locations. Pedialyte does not stop diarrhea or vomiting, so other steps should be taken to manage these symptoms and prevent further loss of fluids. Pedialyte can reduce the risk dehydration, a condition in which the body loses too much water. Dehydration is a serious condition for infants and young children and must be treated immediately. Symptoms of serious dehydration in infants include dry mouth or tongue, four to six hours without a wet diaper for infants under 6 months old and a lack of tears while crying. Symptoms of severe dehydration include being overly sleepy, sunken eyes and irritability. Parents should contact a doctor immediately if dehydration is suspected.
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Painting Paradise: The Art of the Garden – 2015 exhibition at the Queen’s Gallery
St James' Park and the Mall attributed to British School (c1745)
On Friday, I was invited to attend a bloggers' event to preview the new exhibition at the Queen's Gallery, Buckingham Palace: Painting Paradise – The Art of the Garden. The exhibition is now open and runs until 11 October 2015.
A garden walk through time
The exhibition portrays the history of the garden using paintings and objects from the Royal Collection. As you walk through the exhibition rooms, you are taken on a chronological tour of the development of the garden, starting with Paradise and ending with The Horticultural Garden. The displays include some lovely touches, such as sprays of artificial flowers, an arbour and a pergola, which help to create the atmosphere of being in a garden.
Seven couples in a garden by Bukharan artist (c1510) in
Khamsa (Quintet) of Nava'i manuscript by Mir 'Ali Sir Neva'i Haeva'i (1492)
acquired by George III c1797
The Sacred Garden
Christ and St Mary Magdalen at the Tomb
by Rembrandt van Rijn (1638)
The Renaissance Garden
The selection of items on display in this section includes a rare copy of Thomas Hyll’s book entitled The Profitable Arte of Gardening (1586) and a picture of the family of Henry VIII showing the Great Garden at Whitehall Palace in the background.
The Profitable Arte of Gardening by Thomas Hyll (1586)
Detail from Family of Henry VIII by British School (c1545)
showing Great Garden at Whitehall Palace in background
The Botanic Garden
Charles II Presented with a Pineapple by British School (c1677)
The picture of Charles II and the pineapple is fascinating. Although it is said to be the presentation of the first pineapple grown in England, both the King and the man on the left, thought to be his gardener, John Rose, had died before this was achieved! The house in the background may be that of Dorney House, a large house near Oatlands Park. Unusually, Charles II is pictured wearing fashionable clothes rather than ceremonial robes.
In the cabinets before you enter the next garden phase, there are some beautiful decorative objects from the Royal Collection. My favourites are the pieces of porcelain by Chelsea Porcelain Works with detailed botanical designs. There is also a very elaborate Minton soft porcelain pen tray that was given to Queen Victoria when she was a girl.
Circular plate from the Chelsea Porcelain Works (c1755)
Minton soft porcelain pen tray (c1833)
belonging to the young Queen Victoria
The Baroque Garden
The Baroque Garden includes a superb example of Georgian recycling - a cabinet made around 1785 incorporating 17th century Florentine decorative panels.
Cabinet by Adam Weisweiler (c1785)
As might be expected from the Royal Collection, there are lots of pictures of royal gardens including several of Hampton Court. Of special interest is the pair of sundials on display which were originally in the gardens, but which have now been replaced with replicas to conserve the originals.
Detail from A View of Hampton Court by Leonard Knyff (c1703)
Enlarged section of A View of Hampton Court by Leonard Knyff (c1703)
The red arrows indicate the places of the sundials in the gardens
One of a pair of horizontal sundials
by Thomas Tompion (c1699)
which stood in the gardens of Hampton Court.
Replicas now stand in their place.
The tulip vases were used to display flowers and bulbs at Hampton Court Palace.
Tulip vase by Adriaen Kocks (c1694)
I particularly liked the picture of the water gardens at Bushy Park, later home to William IV.
A view of the cascade, Bushy Park Water Gardens
by studio of Marco Ricci (c1715)
Detail from A view of the cascade, Bushy Park Water Gardens
Buckingham House
Buckingham House attributed to Adriaen van Diest (c1705)
The Landscape Garden
The Sunflower Clock
There is a magnificent porcelain sunflower clock made by the Vincennes Porcelain Factory c1752 which was acquired by George IV in 1819. The sunflower is the symbol of Louis XIV of France, the Sun King. Behind this exhibit hangs a Gobelins tapestry.
The Sunflower Clock from Vincennes Porcelain Factory(c1752)
The pair of armchairs is embroidered with designs by Mary Moser.
One of a pair of armchairs embroidered with designs
by Mary Moser attributed to the Royal School for
Embroidering Females under Mrs Nancy Pawsey (c1780)
Chair attributed to Robert Campbell
The Georgian period is well-represented in the exhibition, particularly in The Landscape Garden. There are some lovely paintings and prints of gardens including those at Carlton House, Chiswick, Stowe, Kew and Windsor.
Carlton House
A view of the garden &c at Carlton House in Pall Mall
by William Woollett (1760)
The Earl of Burlington's gardens at Chiswick
A view of the back part of the Cassina & part of the Serpentine
River, terminated by the cascade in the garden of the Earl of Burlington
at Chiswick after John Donowell (c1753)
The gardens at Kew
The Gardens at Kew by Johan Jacob Schalch (1759)
Detail from The Gardens at Kew by Johan Jacob Schalch (1759)
The palace in the next two pictures is not the building we now call Kew Palace, but rather the White House that used to stand opposite.
A view of the Palace form the Lawn in the Royal Gardens at Kew
by William Elliott after William Woollett (1763)
A view of the palace form the north side of the Lake at Kew
by William Elliott after William Woollett (c1766)
A view of the wilderness at Kew
by Edward Rooker after William Marlow (c1763)
Buckingham Palace - the garden front from across the lake
by Caleb Robert Stanley (1839)
The garden of the deputy ranger's lodge, Windsor Great Park
by Paul Sandby (c1798)
Detail from The garden of the deputy ranger's lodge,
Windsor Great Park by Paul Sandby (c1798)
The hermitage at Frogmore by Samuel Howitt (c1802)
The hermitage was designed by George III's daughter, Princess Elizabeth
The Norman Gateway and Moat Garden, Windsor Castle
St James' Park
Detail from St James' Park and the Mall (shown at top of this post)
attributed to British School (c1745)
The Horticultural Garden
Some of my favourite items in the exhibition are the books of Humphry Repton’s designs for the gardens at Brighton Pavilion. The illustrations are beautiful, though frustratingly we are limited to just the two pages which are open. How I longed to turn the pages and see the other designs!
Designs for the Pavilion at Brighton - West Front of the Pavilion
towards the Garden by Humphry Repton (1806)
Detail from Designs for the Pavilion at Brighton - West Front
of the Pavilion towards the Garden by Humphry Repton (1806)
Designs for the Pavilion at Brighton
West Front of the Pavilion towards the Garden
by Joseph Constantine Stadler after Humphry Repton (1808)
The final room contains an interesting array of objects including some jewellery belonging to Queen Victoria, a child’s wheelbarrow and a pair of fans.
The Princess Royal's fan (1856)
Detail from Queen Victoria's birthday fan (c1858)
If you love historic gardens, or are interested in seeing more from the Royal Collection, then this is an exhibition not to be missed!
For more information, go to the Royal Collection website.
All items photographed © The Royal Collection Trust
All photographs © Andrew Knowles
Labels: Buckingham Palace, Carlton House, Exhibition, George III, George IV, Hampton Court, Kew Gardens, Windsor
Joshua Reynolds: Experiments in Paint – exhibition at the Wallace Collection
Mrs Mary Robinson by Sir Joshua Reynolds (1783-4)
© The Wallace Collection; Photo © Andrew Knowles
Last week, I visited a relatively little known museum, the Wallace Collection, for a special bloggers’ event to celebrate the opening of a new exhibition: Joshua Reynolds: Experiments in Paint. The exhibition runs until 7 June 2015 and comprises two rooms displaying 20 Reynolds paintings – 11 belonging to the Wallace Collection and the remainder on loan.
Here is a short video of the exhibition:
Popular and experimental
Sir Joshua Reynolds (1723-1792) was a very fashionable portrait painter during the second half of the 18th century and the first President of the Royal Academy.
The exhibition is the culmination of a four-year research project into the Reynolds paintings owned by the Wallace. Using various techniques including X-ray and infrared imaging, the paintings have been investigated by experts at the Wallace with advice from the National Gallery and the Yale Center for British Art
X-ray image of the portrait of Mary Robinson shown
above. The X-ray shows that Mary's hand was
originally painted supporting her chin
Photo © Andrew Knowles
The research has given new insights into the way that Reynolds painted. Some of the images produced during the research are on display alongside the actual paintings. These reveal earlier details, from the position of Mary's hand, shown above, to old paintings that have been painted over.
The X-ray image of the Yale Center's portrait of Mary Robinson shown below reveals that the painting was not Reynold’s first attempt, but that underneath the existing painting is another, earlier painting, upside down.
X-ray image of the Yale Center's portrait of Mary
Robinson shown below. The X-ray shows another
portrait that has been painted over.
Early paintings
The paintings on display include some of Reynold's earliest work such as his self-portrait, painted c1747-9, before he went on the Grand Tour and a canvas entitled Studio Experiments in Colour and Media.
Self-portrait Shading the Eyes by Sir Joshua Reynolds (1747-9)
© The National Portrait Gallery, London
Studio Experiments in Colour and Media
Fancy paintings
The exhibition includes a number of fancy paintings – imaginative paintings of people, representing ideas rather than intended as portraits. These include The Strawberry Girl and The Age of Innocence.
The Strawberry Girl by Sir Joshua Reynolds (1772-3)
The Age of Innocence by Sir Joshua Reynolds (1788)
© The Tate; Photo © Andrew Knowles
I particularly liked the two paintings of Mary Robinson, probably because she is the character with whom I am most familiar. The portrait owned by the Wallace Collection is shown at the top of this blog post and is very similar to that owned by the Yale Center for British Art (shown below) although this latter portrait is less finished.
© The Yale Center for British Art, Paul Mellon Collection
4th Duke of Queensbury ('Old Q') as Earl of March
by Sir Joshua Reynolds (1759)
Miss Jane Bowles by Sir Joshua Reynolds (1775)
Miss Nelly O'Brien by Sir Joshua Reynolds (c1762-4)
There is a second portrait of Miss Nelly O'Brien and a lovely portrait of Miss Kitty Fisher which were on loan and could not be photographed.
Mrs Susanna Hoare and Child
by Sir Joshua Reynolds (c1763-4)
Mrs Mary Nesbitt by Sir Joshua Reynolds (c1781)
Reynolds sometimes depicted his sitters in character, such as Mrs Abington as Miss Prue in Love for Love by William Congreve (below).
Mrs Abington as Miss Prue by Sir Joshua Reynolds (1771)
The Wallace Collection is in Hertford House in Manchester Square, London and is open every day from 10am to 5pm. Admission to the museum, including the exhibition, is free.
Labels: Artist, Exhibition, Mary Robinson, museum, Sir Joshua Reynolds
Painting Paradise: The Art of the Garden – 2015 ex...
Joshua Reynolds: Experiments in Paint – exhibition...
Royal residences of the Georgian kings
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Flexible offices in Leeds Wellington Place
Leeds Wellington Place
No 2 Wellington Place, Leeds, West Yorkshire, LS1 4AP
This well-placed office space is situated in a modern building in the centre of Leeds in Wellington Place. Wellington Place covers 21 acres and when complete will provide over three million square feet of office, residential, hotel, retail and leisure facilities. The centre has a smart and welcoming reception area and it benefits from a stylish business lounge and 5 well-equipped meeting rooms. The Berlin, Prague and Vienna meeting rooms seats six, London seats ten and New York seats 12 delegates. Leeds Wellington Place is ideal for a variety of uses including breakfast meetings, conferences, interviews, training courses and workshops.
With a beautiful River Aire frontage and attractive public spaces, piazzas and galleries to stroll around, the development also has a range of restaurants and shops to choose from. The city centre offers a range of amenities including Leeds stunning Victorian arcades and Trinity Leeds, a range of restaurants, bars and shops under an iconic glass roof. The office is just five minutes walk from Leeds Train Station and half a mile from the City Ring Road giving easy access to the motorway network including the M621, M1 and M62. For air travel Leeds/Bradford Airport is just over six miles away.
Outside Seating Area / Terrace
No 2 Wellington Place Get directions
Leeds Princes Exchange
Ground, First and Second
LS1 4HY
Leeds, Park Row
7 Park Row
LS1 5HD
Leeds, The Pinnacle
Leeds City West Business Park
LS12 6LN
Leeds Thorpe Park
1200 Century Way
LS15 8ZA
Wakefield, Trinity Walk
Unit G37b
WF1 1QR
Bradford, Shipley
1st floor East Suite Waterfront
Halifax, Fearnley Mill
Fearnley Mill
HX3 5WP
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Search for "Dancila"
< 5678910111213 >
24 June 2019, UPDATE
A roundup of some of the main stories in Romania today....
PM Viorica Dancila said that Romania's rotating presidency position is a confirmation of the country...
The Week in Review (June 17 - 23, 2019)
A look at the week's main stories...
Click here for a roundup of domestic and international news...
Government survives no-confidence vote
The Government in Bucharest has survived Tuesday's no-confidence vote in Parliament...
PM Dancila sends support message to her Moldovan counterpart Maia Sandu...
New Ministers in the Government
The Romanian Government has three new ministers...
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Hydroponic Systems Are The Best Way To Grow Cannabis
Francis Cassidy
Now you can have hydroponic systems cannabis grow without soil or pesticides.
Cannabis has come a long way from the arid soils of central Asia. Nowadays, few growers would subject their ladies to infertile desert soil, but some go even further and reject soil altogether. Ever seen those rows of plants with roots dangling in the breeze being slowly misted? Well, aquaponic and hydroponic systems are commonly used growing methods that don’t rely on soil biology alone to produce healthy vibrant cannabis plants.
What are Hydroponic Systems?
Hydroponic cannabis refers to cannabis grown in an inert growing medium as opposed to nutrient-rich soil. In a hydroponic system, the grower applies water that’s high in nutrients to a growing medium as a way to provide the nutrients the plant requires for growth.
Hydroponic systems effectively replace soil with a growing medium that supports both the plant and its roots. It helps expose the roots to the nutrient solution while also helping ensure they stay better aerated.
The Advantages of Hydroponic Systems
Hydroponic systems exhibit two primary advantages. The first is as a way to increase yield, the second is to speed up the growing process.
Headaches can quickly arise for the novice when growing cannabis in soil indoors. Pest issues, the inability to recycle soil, and the constant monitoring of soil pH levels are common issues and make it an art that’s often difficult to truly master.
With hydroponic systems, the growing medium is reusable and the grower can easily control both soil pH and the application of nutrients. The ability to control such parameters with precision allows for higher-yielding potent plants.
An additional advantage of a hydroponic system is in improving efficiencies. With the constant exposure to the ideal quantities of both water and minerals, the plant can focus its energy on growing, rather than on the search for nutrients through soil.
The Architecture of Hydroponic Systems
Several types of hydroponic systems exist. But more commonly, hydroponic systems consist of a reservoir where a nutrient solution is held. Using an air stone to oxygenate the water is common, while a pump transports the water to the plants above on the grow table through a drip line.
Each pot has a porous bottom for excess water to escape and return to the reservoir below. The roots, which also extend below the pot, may find their way into the excess water where they feed on nutrients. An overflow drain will then return the water from the grow table to the reservoir below. It’s a simple and effective closed-loop system that when done correctly, yields high-quality medicine. But what happens when you throw some fish into the mix and design an aquaponic system?
What are Aquaponic Systems?
Welcome to a world where the fish do the work. Cannabis and fish are rarely combined, but aquaponic systems combine the aforementioned hydroponic systems with aquaculture — the process of farming fish. To the uninitiated, this can seem like a bizarre idea. But it provides a closed-loop system that enables both plants and fish to thrive via some potent natural synergies that mother nature laid down some time ago.
Aquaponic systems work by recycling fish waste that’s dissolved in water through the plants. The roots of the plants suck the nitrates and as a result clean the water before it’s returned to the fish. The result is a symbiotic relationship between both fish and plant where both thrive under natural processes.
The Advantages of Aquaponic Systems
Set up correctly, an aquaponic system will yield both big buds and big fish — a two-for-one of sorts. As the plants grow, so do the fish. The fish provide the nutrients for the plant and the plants clean the water for the fish.
The growth rates experienced with aquaponic systems exceed those of conventional methods. This is due to the fact that the roots are able to take in high levels of oxygen, thus absorbing more nutrients as the catalyst for growth.
The issue of climate change is fast becoming an ever-more important topic of discussion. And when it comes to water usage, aquaponic systems use up to ninety percent less water than soil-based growing techniques. This is due to the way in which water recycles within the closed-loop system.
Finally, one of the primary advantages of aquaponics is the sustainable nature of the farming method. The fish do the heavy lifting. By feeding them food that’s specially developed for aquaponic setups, the system stays free from harmful toxins. With only the essential nutrients in circulation, the system provides clean healthy cannabis and fish for consumption.
The Architecture of Aquaponic Systems
Aquaponic systems are closely related to hydroponic systems. The principle difference is the nutrient source. In aquaponic systems, the nutrients come from the waste produced by fish. That waste finds its way to the plant roots before the purified water comes back through to the fish tank.
When cultivating cannabis in an aquaponic system, the plants need some extra nutrients. The primary compound found in fish waste is nitrogen. And when it comes to cannabis cultivation, growers will need to add additional nutrients for optimal growth and development.
To combat this, aquaponic systems require a “double-root zone.” This is where the bottom section of the pot is submerged in water with the top section being purely soil. This clever method allows additional nutrients to be added to the soil without affecting the water beneath.
Both the soil and water sections can be separated with burlap. This ensures that only the roots penetrate into the water, while the soil is held above to prevent contamination.
Aquaponic or Hydroponic Systems for Home Growers?
For home growers, the question of which is easier to set up and maintain is simple to answer. Hydroponic systems require less money to set up and are less complex to manage for the novice grower.
Aquaponic systems are an incredible concept, but they come with some drawbacks. Not least is the setup and the extra plumbing involved. The interconnected parts of this closed-loop system must stay intact and functioning; that includes the fish. If one were to die for example, then the resulting effects can trickle down to microbe balance and eventually negatively affect plant health.
Running costs are also an important consideration. While aquaponic growers don’t have to apply the same quantities of nutrients, they still need to feed the fish. In order to encourage a steady metabolic digestion rate and consistent waste, the fish may have to eat two to three times per day, the cost of which quickly adds up.
Benefits of Hydroponic Systems Win
Hydroponic systems, on the other hand, are a much more convenient method of growing for many. With lower setup costs and fewer potential pitfalls when in operation, a hydroponic system provides a rewarding way to grow cannabis. It doesn’t come without its problems though, and even without soil, familiar problems can quickly arise.
Dr. Zamir Punja from Simon Fraser University in British Columbia published results of a three-year-long study into root diseases affecting hydroponically grown cannabis plants. They were able to identify a host of problems from stunted growth to brown root lesions and root rot. The cause of which was the presence of two particular pathogens.
For better plant growth, many DIY enthusiasts prefer aquaponic or hydroponic systems. If you’re medicating with the cannabis you grow, you certainly don’t want added chemicals making you sicker. And that’s where the natural systems of aquaponic and hydroponic systems come into their own.
aquaponic systems fish Francis Cassidy growing hydroponic systems
BHO: An Ultra Potent Extract
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Francis Cassidy is a freelance writer who writes on a variety of topics. With a particular focus on the cannabis industry, he aims to help ensure the smooth reintegration of cannabis back into global culture. When not writing, he's to be found exploring his new base in British Columbia, Canada. You can follow his other works including his photography on his blog thestrayphotographer.com
Appellations for Cannabis Guarantee Quality Bud
Aquaponics Gives The Perfect Cannabis Grow That NASA Wants To Use On Mars
Trichomes Are Beautiful Little Bits Medicinal Goodness
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Overview Announcements Multimedia
Media Centre - Overview Announcements Multimedia
Santos enters new partnership with Queensland Rugby Union
Media Centre / Announcements / Santos enters new partnership with Queensland Rugby Union
Santos is delighted to announce that it will partner with the Queensland Rugby Union (QRU) under a new four-year sponsorship agreement.
The long-term partnership will see Santos become a sponsor of the QRU with the Santos logo on the top-back of the playing and training jerseys for the St. George Queensland Reds Super Rugby and Super W teams.
Santos will also be the naming rights sponsor for the QRU’s Rookies2Reds program and the Super 6 Schools competition, supporting the growth of rugby for boys and girls in Queensland from grassroots, into schools and through to the elite level.
Santos has long been a supporter of grassroots rugby teams and competitions in the Maranoa and Gladstone regions, as well as Narrabri in New South Wales, and in the Northern Territory, where it brings communities together, promotes healthy living through sport and alleviates the social isolation sometimes experienced in rural and remote areas.
Santos Managing Director and CEO Kevin Gallagher said the company was excited to support the QRU across its elite level and grassroots activities, building on our long association with the game in rural and regional Australia.
“It is my pleasure to announce Santos’ new sponsorship of the QRU. We are delighted to support the St. George Queensland Reds Super Rugby and Super W teams as well as the Santos Rookies2Reds program and the Santos Super 6 Schools competition over the next four seasons,” Mr Gallagher said.
“Santos has been operating in Queensland for more than 50 years and is committed to making a positive social contribution to the communities where we operate.
“We have enduring relationships with a number of rural and regional rugby teams and competitions across the country and this is a fantastic opportunity to support grassroots sports programs that can have such positive impacts in local communities.
“QRU’s initiatives are aligned with our community investment objectives, promoting healthy living through sport, alleviating social isolation and supporting regional and Indigenous communities through education and engagement programs.”
QRU CEO David Hanham said: “This is the start of what will become a successful partnership with Santos, who are right behind our vision and strategy to invest in ensuring Queenslanders enjoy a lifelong connection with rugby.”
This four-year sponsorship agreement will commence for season 2020.
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PG&E nears deal with Pimco, Elliott on restructuring plan: Bloomberg
(Reuters) - Bankrupt California power producer PG&E Corp (PCG.N) is nearing a deal with creditors that would entitle them to a mix of equity and new debt if they scrap their rival restructuring plan, Bloomberg reported on Tuesday, citing people familiar with the matter.
Under the deal being negotiated by creditors led by Elliott Management and Pacific Investment Management Co, the investment in the company would replace some of the exit financing that PG&E is proposing as part of its restructuring, the report said.
The bondholders, who have opposed PG&E’s reorganization plan, came out in December with an updated proposal that included a sweetened offer to California wildfire victims, no debt at the reorganized holding company and a new board with residents from California forming the majority of directors.
The creditors would also be given the right to take part in the company’s financial backstop commitments, a move that could hand them a part of the equity financing in the deal, Bloomberg reported.
PG&E said on Tuesday it has welcomed feedback from stakeholders throughout the Chapter 11 proceedings and hopes to make progress over the next week regarding its reorganization plan.
Pimco declined to comment, while Elliott did not immediately respond to a Reuters request.
PG&E filed for bankruptcy protection in January 2019, citing potential liabilities in excess of $30 billion from deadly wildfires in 2017 and 2018 linked to its equipment.
Shares of PG&E rose as much as 11% to hit a one-month high of $12.30 on Tuesday.
Reporting by Shanti S Nair in Bengaluru; Editing by Amy Caren Daniel
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January 8, 2020 / 8:50 AM / 13 days ago
Iran-allied Iraqi political bloc says Tehran had a right to respond: Iraqi state news agency
BAGHDAD (Reuters) - An Iraqi political alliance backed by Iran said on Wednesday that Washington’s killing of Iranian general Qassem Soleimani and Iraqi militia leader Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis gave Tehran the right to respond, the Iraqi state news agency said.
“The American aggression provided justification for the Iranian response,” the Fatih alliance representing mostly Iran-backed Shi’ite militia leaders in parliament said, according to the agency. The alliance holds the second-largest number of seats in the assembly.
“Washington insists on making Iraq the battlefield for its conflict with Iran,” it said.
Iran launched missiles at U.S.-led forces in Iraq early on Wednesday, retaliating for the U.S. drone strike on the Iranian commander whose killing last week stoked fears of a new Middle East war.
Reporting by Ahmed Aboulenein
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February 19, 2010 / 2:06 PM / 10 years ago
Mobile advertising needs transaction spur
Kate Holton, Nicola Leske - Analysis
BARCELONA (Reuters) - After years of hype and expectation, advertising on mobile phones is still a nascent industry and will need phones to be used in payments and other transactions before it really takes off.
Media experts have for years predicted ‘the year’ of mobile advertising and most have in general remained disappointed.
But expectations have risen again in recent months after Google’s $750-million acquisition of one of the largest mobile phone ad networks, Admob, and the purchase of mobile ad company Quattro Wireless by Apple Inc.
Analysts say the medium, which offers the ability to send highly targeted ads based on a consumer’s behavior and location, will really take off if and when a mobile phone is able to make payments via text messages or the mobile Internet.
“Mobile advertising is really closely linked with payments, effectively m-commerce,” Mobile Squared telecoms analyst Nick Lane told Reuters. “So the issue we’re seeing from our research is that there’s no end product.
“A lot of the spend from the big brands is all about brand awareness on mobile and when that migrates to (the promotion of) a transaction then the money being spent on mobile will just rocket, and that is likely to be another 12 or 24 months.”
Andrew Bud, co-founder and Executive Chairman of the world’s largest mobile transaction network, mBlox, said the spend on mobile advertising had been held back by the fact the only transactions currently conducted on mobile phones was to buy mobile entertainment.
“Mobile entertainment is worth more than 30 billion pounds worldwide,” he said, referring to services such as games, music and ringtones. “It’s not small. But the commerce engine that is powering the Internet is a trillion dollars of commerce.”
RISING DEMAND
Advertising executives and telecom operators gathered in Barcelona for the Mobile World Congress trade fair said despite limitations, the medium was starting to mature. Big name brands such as Nike, BMW and McDonald’s have all launched campaigns.
“More and more clients are asking us to work on their mobile strategy,” Alexandre Mars, the head of mobile for Publicis, told Reuters at the fair.
“We are seeing more and more demand because for the first time we have seen all the components of the ecosystem fall into the right place.”
Richard Metcalf, the business development officer for Joule, a WPP mobile marketing agency, told Reuters content companies had originally been behind most of the mobile advertising to promote content but said big brands were now also getting in on the fray.
“The question is have we moved beyond the trial period and have we seen strategic investment in mobile advertising and I think we’re getting there,” he said. “We’re seeing brands doing repeat bookings.”
According to IT researcher Gartner, global mobile advertising revenues likely reached about $530 million last year and could jump to $13.5 billion by 2013.
The Kelsey Group research firm estimates that the majority of advertising spend has previously gone on text messages but expect this to move to search services in the next few years.
One company which has seen strong growth in mobile advertising is Shazam, which helps customers identify music that is being played and then buy it through their phones.
Chief Executive Andrew Fisher told Reuters they had sold out their entire advertising space for the last 5 months as brands target their more than 50 million customers.
“Mobile was seen as experimental a year ago and I think what people are seeing is that the audiences have grown significantly,” he said. “It is now easier to put targeted campaigns together and buy enough inventory together to make it meaningful.”
Another aspect which has helped the mobile advertising industry in Britain is a move by mobile phone operators to team up with the digital market research firm comScore to measure mobile Internet usage, which the telecom trade body, the GSMA, hopes to role out in other markets.
The ability to measure usage and the increasing interest from major lifestyle brands has led to the belief that mobile advertising will become a key platform, but it is unlikely to happen overnight.
“I believe that the mobile phone, because of its intimacy, its timeliness, because of the focus of attention that you have on it and because of the quality of its screen, could become a fantastically powerful new medium for creative visual advertising,” Bud said.
Reporting by Kate Holton, Editing by Sitaraman Shankar
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Bush 41: “The Last Serious Foreign Policy President”
December 4, 2018 By Richard C. Young
CIA Welcomes Former President George H.W. Bush Back to CIA to Celebrate 40th Anniversary of Swearing-in as Director of Central Intelligence. January 29, 2016
At The Federalist, Sumantra Maitra explains the prudent foreign policy decisions of President George H.W. Bush. During the collapse of the Soviet Union, in what could have turned into a complete meltdown of society in Russia and the other Soviet states, Bush 41 maintained his awareness of the broader perspective and didn’t attempt to take advantage of the Russians, which could have caused a violent reaction from the still powerful country. Maitra writes (abridged):
In a world largely inhabited by foreign policy ideologues with no sense of history, one can only hope George H.W. Bush’s prudence, restraint, and realist statecraft makes a comeback
It was under Bush 41’s leadership that the Western leaders understood the momentous times they were passing through, and other Western leaders like Francois Mitterrand of France, Margaret Thatcher and John Major of Britain, and Helmut Kohl of Germany understood that it is imperative to be generous in victory.
The Cold War ended without a single shot proverbially fired, and the credit for the relatively peaceful devolution of the Soviet Empire goes completely to the calm, cold, calculating Bush administration.
Bush 41 was the last “serious” foreign policy president, with a sense of history and proportion, and an experience to have actually fought in the last global great power war. Unlike his myopic successor, Bush 41 was a conservative and a realist.
Humble and stoic in victory, he apparently understood what subsequent generations of policymakers failed to grasp: that unipolarity is not a permanent state of affairs in the world, that aspiring hegemony is unsustainable, and that balance of power and acknowledging the defeated adversary’s interest are keys to a long-term peace.
His realism was again on display during the Gulf War, when Saddam Hussein wanted to be a regional hegemon. Bush worked with allies, got the Saudis to pay the major cost of the war, had the United States play the role of an offshore balancer, and defeated Hussain’s expansionism.
All the while, he understood the simple reality that toppling a dictator wouldn’t mean there would be democracy and peace in the region tomorrow.
George H. W. Bush was a salutary post-war foreign policy president. As one mourns his passing, one can only wish his sense of conservative prudence, restraint, realpolitik, and his deep admiration of the cycles of history makes a comeback in a world otherwise full of myopic idealists.
Richard C. Young
Richard C. Young is the editor of Young's World Money Forecast, and a contributing editor to both Richardcyoung.com and Youngresearch.com.
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‘One of the most genuine blokes I knew’ tributes flow online for Shepparton-born Glenn Mcrae
By Ilias Bakalla
Gone too young: Shepparton-born Glenn Mcrae, 24, died at music festival Strawberry Fields in Tocumwal on Sunday.
Glenn Mcrae on holiday.
Feeling pain: A tribute to Glenn Mcrae on Instagram.
Tributes have been flowing on social media for Shepparton-born Glenn Mcrae, who died in Tocumwal on Sunday morning at the music festival Strawberry Fields.
Mr Mcrae, 24, grew up in Shepparton and attended Wanganui Park Secondary College.
He was living in Melbourne at the time of his death.
Mr Mcrae's friend Danielle Walker took to Instagram yesterday to describe him as one of "the most caring, kind and gentle people I’ve ever known".
Melbourne’s Abbey Macklin said Mr Mcrae was a “quality bloke always up for a chat and a laugh”.
“Rest in peace Glenn Mcrae, you meant a lot to those around you, I’ll miss you. We all will,” she said in a Facebook post.
One man known as Filo Mark said that he always "loved and looked up" to Mr Mcrae.
“You were one of the most funny, down to earth and genuine blokes I knew,” he said in a Facebook post.
Mr Mcrae was rushed to the medical tent at 12.45am on Sunday after consuming a cocktail of GHB (gamma hydroxybutyrate), MDMA and cocaine.
Shortly after he had a heart attack and was pronounced dead at 2.02am.
A NSW Police spokesperson said the case was before the coroner, so no details would be released.
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A driver has died following a collision with a truck in Arcadia this morning.
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Goulburn Valley man jailed after harassing ex with 9000 messages
A man who sent his ex-girlfriend more than 9000 text and social media messages in 24 days — including 500 on her 18th birthday — has been jailed for three months.
Monique Preston
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Lorelei on the seas
16 July 2010 | RAM Marina, El Relleno, Guatemala
Hauled out
24 June 2010 | Rio Dulce, Guatemala
Back in the Rio again
06 May 2010 | La Ceiba, Honduras
Lagoon Marina
20 April 2010 | San Pedro, Ambergris Cay
Entering Belize
10 April 2010 | Quintana Roo, Mexico
17 February 2010 | Isla Mujeres
Made it to Mexico
06 February 2010 | La Ceiba, Honduras
24 December 2009 | Roatan, Honduras
Back in the Bay Islands
13 December 2009 | Rio Dulce, Guatemala
Tribute to our Viking
09 November 2009 | Guatemala
Denny's beach is the best for Tarpon
04 November 2009 | Livingston, Guatemala
Made it over the "bar"
16 October 2009 | Lago Izabal, Guatemala
On anchor again
26 September 2009 | Rio Dulce, Guatemala
Sitting pretty in the Rio Dulce
Patty - typical rainy season!
We hauled out on Monday at RAM Marina, to take a look at the Cutless bearing and do a bottom job (also a survey for our insurance company.)
Our friend Bill, on Wandering Star offered to bring the bearing back to the Rio with him (he was driving down from Texas.) Unfortunately, we discovered that not only does this boat have a shaft sleeve, but the bearing we ordered is the incorrect size. When we looked at the old bearing, it was very apparent that it had NEVER been changed (it's a 31 year old boat!) The correct size is coming soon with our marina's owner (in the States now), and we're taking our time with the bottom job (patching, epoxy) and polishing the freeboard.
Lorelei is having a beauty make-over!
While up here in the nosebleed section of town, one of the other boats in the yard took a direct lightning strike. It blew a few exit holes through the hull and fried the transducer, also left scorch marks on the nice, new paint job. It's this owner's first boat!
Our dogs LOVE being here in the yard. They can run and play (we have to haul them up and down the ladder) during the day. It will be tough for them to be back on the water, after this.
Patty/HOT!!!
Out 10th time over the "Bar" (dead low, ripping tide) on Monday. Cleared in about 40 minutes after we anchored, then on our way up the river. We anchored just off of Mario's Marina for 2 days. Gary dove on the hull to scrape off some of the La Ceiba "growth", and noticed that our shaft was moving a little too much. Hmmm. We had a local boater (who is also an expert on this type of stuff) check it out, and yes, our cutless bearing is on its way out.
SOOO. We've got a cutless bearing ordered and on the way with one of our Rio friends, who will be returning from Texas (hopefully) sometime next week.
In the meantime, our 3 year old dinghy has sprouted so many leaks that we're having trouble keeping up with it! Gary put in a plywood floor and patched what he could. 2 days ago, we were headed for town when the transom separated and we almost lost the motor. Not good. Shows what can happen when rubber, glue, salt, heat and tropical sun get put together.
For the time being, until our parts come in, we'll be anchored in "Shell Bay." Once we get the boat hauled, fixed and bottomized, we'll be able to traipse to and fro on the beautiful Rio!
Patty/sunny and warm
We cleared out of Belize at Big Creek on April 30th, pulled anchor from Placencia and motored/sailed toward our destination of La Ceiba. The wind caught up to us, and we had a marvelous sail until we had to duck into Puerto Cortes to get out of the 30kt wind and 9' breakers. Puerto Cortes turned out to be a great overnight anchorage - good holding, not too much surge. Next morning we set out for Punta Sal.
Punta Sal is a nice, secluded anchorage on the northern coast of Honduras. We were the only boat in the lagoon for a while, and were pleased to see that the trash on the beach was not as bad this time. We also got a chance to explore the nature path, taking us out to the research areas. Along the way, spotted several monkeys in the trees, and Pearl tried to chase one into the jungle!
Our next leg took us from the turbid waters of Punta Sal to La Ceiba. About 2 hours after lifting anchor, Gary caught and fought a big Wahoo. Took about an hour to get it in, and the steaks it provided were doled out to our friends and neighbors here at Lagoon Marina.
We're very glad to be out of the intense heat and sticky salt of Belize. The mountains right here at our doorstep offer nice breezes. This part of Honduras has been good to us in the past. We like the marina, we like the city and the people here. I've been busy cleaning the salt and rust stains off our deck and brightwork.
We'll be here for about a month, then on to Guatemala.
Patty/scattered clouds & breezy
After a few tense days in Bahia Espiritu Santo and Bahia de la Resureccion, we finally anchored in Xcalak, the southernmost point of entry/exit in the Mexican Caribbean. Check out was painless and inexpensive. I sweated entry to Belize, from all the stuff I'd read in Raucher's guide and heard from other cruisers. But we didn't need a half of the documents called for, only spent about $35 US to clear in!!!! Only one official came aboard and did a cursory peek into some of the lockers. A lot of the soundings and waypoints are off (grounded 2x where we should have had good clearance.) Will spend a few days here, then move further south. Our prime objective is to get to La Ceiba, Honduras, before 12 May.
Caught 2 schoolies (dorado) and a nice red snapper right off the Chinchorro Bank! Pictures, details and more input to follow!
Patty/scattered clouds
Whew! We pulled anchor in Isla Mujeres about 06:30 MDST, only to smell something not right coming from the engine compartment/galley. Circled once around the anchorage (our "parade lap"), then could not find the source or any further offensive burning odor. We motored out of Isla Mujeres and south toward the tip of Cancun. At 09:30 we caught a pretty good sized barracuda, but nothing else was biting. The wind was fantastic, the current no problem and the seas were less than 2 meters.
We pushed our luck and tried to loop back toward Isla (north) for more fishing, but all it got us was a few cross words between captain and 1st mate, some broken beer bottles (loose, in the cockpit), and upset pups.
Made it fine into Morelos around 14:00 and took a mooring ball. I've learned my lesson, and will activate the anchor alarm!!!!
The water is clear, the reef is right off our front porch, and the weather is beautiful! We just need a few good fish!!!!
Patty/Breezy and cool
We left the security, warmth and comfort of Lagoon Marina, La Ceiba Honduras, on Saturday (13 February 2010). The mouth of La Ceiba harbor was a toughie - breaking waves and strong current through a relatively small channel. But our fearless captain and crew had faith, and we finally were clear of the jetties.
Our goal was Isla Mujeres. The wind and waves caused us to tack 4 times just to clear Utila. We could have stopped, but would have been stuck in East Harbour for days. Onward!
Once we got past the Bay Islands, we could head off the wind a bit, and put up all of our sails. We caught the current and ended up having to slow the boat down (autopilot couldn't keep up). We had some gorgeous sailing, and approaching Cozumel, Gary caught 2 Albacore. We explored the possibility of berthing in Cozumel, but there was no room, and the anchorage unprotected against the approaching cold front, so on we went.
The weather didn't turn bad until we were in the narrow approach between the mainland and lower reefs. During this time, we saw winds in excess of 40 knots and shortened seas of 6-8'. The water broke over our bow, drenching the cockpit (we have very high freeboard) and we both had to man the wheel. Navigation was by radar and GPS, and we finally made it into Isla Mujeres and dropped anchor at 9:30pm. We now understand why so many single handers like the chart plotters!
Lorelei is berthed at Marina Paraiso for the next month. More updates and pictures as they come.
Vessel Name: Lorelei
Vessel Make/Model: 1979 Endeavour 43' Ketch
Hailing Port: Cape Canaveral, Florida
Crew: Gary B. Waid and Patricia S. Harmon-Waid
About: Gary B. Waid - Captain Patricia S. Harmon-Waid - 1st Mate
Extra: Pearl the beautiful princess and Bodee the wonderdog as our crew
Lorelei's Photos - Puerto Morelos
Photos 1 to 7 of 7 | Main
Who: Gary B. Waid and Patricia S. Harmon-Waid
Port: Cape Canaveral, Florida
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Blackcap Basslet: A Comely Deepwater Cousin to the Royal Gramma
September 2, 2015 by Jeff Kurtz Leave a Comment
Blackcap basslet (Gramma melacara)
Most marine aquarium hobbyists are well acquainted with the royal gramma (Gramma loreto), a worthy tank inhabitant by virtually any measure. But G. loreto isn’t the only member of the Gramma genus that is well worth its salt. Another is the blackcap basslet (Gramma melacara), a denizen of the tropical western Atlantic and Caribbean Sea that is most abundant in deeper waters.
G. melacara is very similar in body plan to the royal gramma, one noteworthy difference being its more deeply bifurcated caudal fin. It is purple in overall coloration with, as its common name implies, a diagonal black “cap” extending from the mouth, over the top of the head, and along the margin of the dorsal fin. Several thin white lines radiate backward from the eye. The blackcap basslet can achieve a slightly larger size than its royal cousin, with a maximum length of around 4 inches.
This shy predator may be a bit reluctant to feed initially, but once it gets settled in and feels safe in its new surroundings, it should learn to accept various small, meaty food items, such as mysids, enriched brine shrimp, finely chopped mollusk and crustacean meat, blackworms, frozen formulas for small carnivores, and New Life Spectrum pellets.
G. melacara tends to stay in close proximity to a preferred hiding spot, so it doesn’t need a great deal of open swimming space. It does, however, require a decent amount of live rock arranged with ample caves, overhangs, ledges, and bolt holes to refuge in (which this fish will often do in an upside-down orientation). So, I wouldn’t go any smaller than a 30-gallon tank for this fish. Also, this being a deepwater species, somewhat subdued lighting is best. At the very least, be sure to provide plenty of the aforementioned rockwork ledges so your specimen can escape the glare as needed.
Though often shy at first, the blackcap basslet can become moderately aggressive once it gets comfortable in its new home and carves out a niche for itself. Related or similar-looking species are best avoided. This applies to conspecifics as well, though it may be possible to keep groups successfully in larger systems (hit-or-miss in my opinion). Other than that, generally peaceful species that, nonetheless, won’t be intimidated by a basslet defending its hidey hole will make suitable tankmates. Like its royal gramma cousin, the blackcap basslet makes an excellent reef aquarium candidate.
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Filed Under: Marine/Saltwater Fish Tagged With: Caribbean, deepwater, feeding, fish species profile, moderately aggressive, reef safe, tankmates, tropical western Atlantic
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About Jeff Kurtz
Jeff Kurtz is the Co-founder/Editor of Saltwater Smarts, former Senior Consulting Editor for Tropical Fish Hobbyist Magazine, and the aquarist formerly known as “The Salt Creep.” He has been an aquarium hobbyist for over 30 years and is an avid scuba diver.
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